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.  •  I  • 


801 R 


ENGLISH  AND  ARABIC 

DICTIONARY, 

|n  Sivo  |art<, 
ARABIC    AND    ENGLISH, 

ENGLISH  AND  ARABIC, 

n  VHICS  Tn  ASABIC  WOKSi  kXX  Blf  BHKirTKD  lH  ISB  ORIKVTAL  dUKACIIB,  U  WELL 
II  THUS  COKBBCT  FROXOBCIITIOT  AHD  ACCBXTDATlOir  BHOWIT  IS  KHaUBS  LKTIBSfl. 

JOSEPH    CATAFAGO. 

SBCOND     EDITIOIT, 


LONDON: 
BEBNABD    QITAEITCH,    15    PICCADILLY. 

1873. 


HERTFORD: 

BTXPHXir  ACSnif  AW  MMS,  PUMTXJUI. 


PREFACE. 


The  first  edition  of  this  Dictionary  having  obtained  complete  snecess, 
as  well  in  Europe  as  in  the  East,  and  being  now  ont  of  print,  it  is  con- 
sidered desirable  to  republish  it  in  a  new  and  improyed  form,  in  order 
to  meet  the  public  demand. 

In  preparing  this  second  edition,  the  author  s  aim  has  been  to 
enlarge  the  practical  usefulness  of  the  work,  and  to  render  it  more 
serviceable,  not  only  to  the  English  traveller  and  student,  but  also  to 
the  natives  of  Syria  and  Egypt,  by  selecting  and  inserting  such  .words 
and  phrases  as  are  used  in  polite  society,  and  are  met  with  in  the  classical 
literature  of  the  language.  Expressions  which  had  fallen  into  desuetude, 
and  which  were  not  sanctioned  by  the  xxB^ge  of  the  present  day,  have 
been  omitted ;  while,  on  the  other  hand,  special  attention  has  been  paid 
to  the  incorporation  of  all  the  newly- formed  words  and  phrases  which 
have  been  introduced  in  consequence  of  recent  discoveries  in  science, 
and  of  the  importation  of  European  arts  and  manufactures.  These  addi- 
tions to  the  vocabulary,  as  well  as  many  other  technical  expressions,  the 
growth  of  modem  culture,  have  been  sought  for  chiefly  in  the  many 
.^bic  newspapers  which  circulate  throughout  the  Ottoman  Empire  and 
the  dominions  of  the  Khedive.* 

In  many  respects,  therefore,  a  marked  difference  may  be  observed 
between  the  first  and  second  editions  of  this  Dictionary.    The  author 

*  Ai  the  printing  of  this  work  took  more  time  than  was  anticipated,  a  large  portion  of  it 
hzM  been  left  for  a  third  edition,  to  Bave  time  and  space. 


IT  PRBFACR. 

invites  a  comparison,  which  must  establish  the  great  superiority  of  the 
present  publication,  and  prove  with  how  much  care  he  has  laboured  to 
make  it  worthy  of  general  acceptation.  But  with  the  intention  of 
meriting  still  further  the  approbation  of  the  public,  he  has  passed  beyond 
the  mere  province  of  a  lexicographer,  and  has  inserted  in  the  vocabulary  a 
variety  of  incidental  information  upon  geographical,  physical,  political, 
commercial,  and  religious  subjects,  giving  to  the  Dictionary,  in  some 
degree,  the  character  of  an  EncyclapcBcUa  Arabiea.  This  matter  has  been 
specially  considered  in  connexion  with  the  wants  of  those  who  mean  to 
use  Syria  as  the  great  high  road  between  England  and  India,  now  about 
to  foe  thrown  open  to  the  world.  It  will  not  the  less  be  found  yaluable 
and  useful  by  those  who  merely  sojourn  for  a  while  in  any  region  where 
the  Arabic  tongue  is  spoken.  The  author  therefore  hopes  that  every 
English  traveller  in  the  East  will  find  this  Dictiontuy  a  really  useful 
vade  meeum,  and  he  trusts  equally  that  it  may  take  a  place  in  the  library 
of  all  English  gentlemen  who  look  with  interest  upon  the  grand  project, 
fraught  with  importance  to  the  British  Empire,  and  now  about  to  be 
realized,  of  uniting  England  with  India  by  means  of  the  Syro-Mesopo- 
tamian  Railway* 

JOSEPH  CATAFAGO. 

IiONDOK,  i/itry,  1878. 


^lji-»»  w-aO  Jilt  jJJu 


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u»yy 


In  proportioii  to  one's  care  and  solicitude  eminences  are  gained ;  and 
lie  who  eeeketh  eminence  most  pass  numberless  sleepless  nights.  He  dives 
into  the  sea  who  seeketh  for  pearls,  and  obtaineth  majesty  and  perfect 
locceflB.  Whoso  seeketh  eminence  without  making  the  greatest  efforts  to 
obtain  it,  loaes  his  life  in  searching  for  an  impossibility. 


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▼m  iinoDccnos. 


TOWELS  ASD  0BIH06EAFHICAL  SI65S. 


Tbe  Anim  bsre  ool j  time  dmaelcn  for  Tovds,  wlneii  tbej  edl  K^  /UAc, 
J^  ClMTtf,  and  A4b^  Drnmrng*  Tbe  fint  is  repnented  bj  a  mill  oUique  line 
orer  tbe  letter;  the  eeeond  hj  s  nmilar  stroke  under  the  letter;  md  the  third 
bj  s  small  enrre,  like  a  eooma,  as  fallows: — 

Paths  ....  (-^)  sounding  as  a. 
Casn  ....  (jzr)  soonding  as  i, 
Damma       .     .     .     (— )  sonndiog  nearij  as  e. 

These  signs  aie  sometimes  doubled  in  the  final  letters,  which  doubling  is 
then  called  ^yS  tamp^M,  or  mimuUum,  becanse  the  vowel  is  then  pronounced 
as  if  terminated  by  ^  as  J^  rafalon,  'a  man;'  J>y  r^ffalm;  t^j  n^foUm. 
The  first  (^)  marks  the  nominatiTe  case;  the  second  (J)  the  genitiTO,  dative, 
and  abktife ;  the  third  (^)  the  accusatiTe.  It  must  be  observed  here  that  the 
fioal  t  adds  nothing  to  the  sound  when  the  accusative  is  pronounced* 

Ji£ JutJ  Uuhdld  (")  doubles  the  letter  over  which  it  is  placed,  as  j^j  urmrsie, 
'  he  brought  down*' 

1^  hanuM  (')  is  placed  geoerallj  over  the  i,  and  sometimes  over  the  j  and  ^^ 
and  is  considered  as  a  gnttund  letter* 

^^  woila  ('^)  implies  conjunction,'  and  is  only  inscribed  over  1  to  mark 
an  union  with  the  preceding  letter,  \  being  then  silent,  as  jll^t^^  hiidbu-Uahi, 
'The  book  of  Ood.' 

9X^  madda  (^)  implies  extension,'  and  ie  placed  over  \,  giving  it  a  long 
sound,  as  /^S\  adorn. 

^^Cmi  iocoon  (^)  signifies  '  a  pause,'  and  is  placed  over  a  letter  that  has  no 
voweL 


AN 


ARABIC    DICTIONARY. 


PART  THE  FIRST. 


g^ralrijc  anitr  ^ttjjlisl. 


\ 

^  dtf.  First  letter  of  the  Arabic  al- 
phabet Alef^  interrogatiye,  (^^^ 
aUj  i^lc  aUtkrim  ^layyah  hikalam, 
ViU  you  kindlj  give  me  a  pen  ? 
C^\zS  i^ijM\  ata^rdnl  kitdhak^ 
Vill  jou  lend  me  your  book  ?     *Xj  J^ 

vl^lj  f\  V^Jb  j^U  atarld  tdkuz  haia 
<«  sak^  Do  yon  wish  to  take  this  or  that  ? 

In  common  conversation  ^  an,  That, 

can  be  dropped  affcer  the  verbs  to  be  able,  and 
to  be  willing ;  so  you  can  saj,  takdir  taktub^ 
sod   takdir    an    taktub.    Can    yon    write  P 

Jv!l  f>\  {^j^^  ^r^y  •^y'    atarld 

t»k»b  al  faros  am  aihagMy  Do  yon  wish  to 
ride  on  the  horse  or  on  the  mule  P  The  elif 
^atetrogatiTe  can  be  replaced  by  the  interroga- 

tixe  Jj^  hal^  k»Q\Mi  CCvvf.  Jjb  hal  ^n- 
^l  wt/,  Have  you  a  Bword  ?  j*i£j  Jjb 
^--cO  hal  takdir  taktub,  Can  you 
^te?  ^j^  yb  Ja  ^^  Au  phani,  for 

^j^  4lb  haUahu  ghanly  Is  he  rich  ? 

^^'•^  ^  Jj^  ^>^  20^«  aw  lad.  Has  he 

duldien  r  The  two  interrogatiTeB  aUf  and  hal 
cvi  be  sappresaed,  and  then  the  interrogation 

u  expressed  by  the  voice ;  like  jjJi? 
^j^MiJ  takdir  iamsht,  Can  you  walk  ? 

S^/U  jJlaJ  iaidir  iashrah,  Can  you 
^riak?  j^^  i^J^^j*^  yakdir  yoihtart 


\ 
warak,   Can  he  buy  some  writing   paper  P 

Can  you  start  to-day  P  Can  you  set  off  to*day  P 
^j^   ^j^  ta^if  ^rahl,  Do  you 

know  Arabic?     ^jjjJJjl  '— M^  ta^rif 

inglitij  Do  you  know  English  P  In  chrono- 
grams  and  astronomical  tables  dlef  has  the 
Talue  of  1.    In  the  dates  of  letters,  when  fol- 

lowing  one  of  the  characters  J  soJ,  j 
ray  or  -» jimy  as  1  J,  \^,  U»-,  it  indi- 
cates the  first  of  the  couple  in  three  couples  of 
months  with  the  same  name,  and  those  cha- 
racters alone,  without  the  I,  indicate 
the  second  month  in  each  couple.    See 

Ij,  \jf  and  U-, 

^\  ah  (pi.  \i\  &l&\  A  father,  master, 

pnossessor.  This  word  enters  into  the  compo- 
sition of  a  ^eat  number  of  names,  varying 
its  termination  according  to  its  case,  having 

y\  ahu  in  the  nominative,  \j\  dbd  in 
the  accusative,  and   ^\    a3l  in  the 

other  cases,  aaJj^\  AhuhakoTf  (^^^bl 

Ahddun,  J;JM^\  ^\  All  Isma^il, 
etc.    In  the  vocative  case  it  is  exprened  by 

s^}  \j  yd-ahhata,  0  my  father.  jJi! 
i^\j  a1  J«aa!J,  Fame  hath  recorded 


s^\ 


(2) 


AJ\ 


the  virtues  of  the  nohle,  but  no  one  has  been 
able  to  reckon  thine.  May  God  not  deprive 
mankind  of  such  a  ^Either,  for  thou  art  the 
father  and  the  mother  of  every  excellence. 

^\  ab,  The  month  of  August. 
\i\  aha  (pi.  of  lJ\  ah),  Fathers,  fore- 
fathers, ancestors.  Jt^  ^  b\  Man^n 
jidden,  ad.  From  father  to  son  [lit.  through 
the  father  from  the  grandfather),  hereditarily. 

bt  tbd,  Detesting,  abhorring,  abomi- 
nating, rejecting,  refusing,  disagreeing,  re- 
fractory, disobedient,  disdaming,  aversion,  dis- 
g^t,  horror,  loathing. 

Sj\i\  ihdiat,  Passing  the  night,  tanying 

all  night,  doing  anything  in  the  night-time, 
being  overtaken  by  the  night,  etc. 

^Ul  ibdhat,  Publishing,  disclosing  a 
secret,  revealing,  illustrating.  Permitting, 
giving  liberty.  Liberty,  licence,  licentiousness. 

(ji\^  abdrik  (pi.  of  Jj^^  ihrik),  Water- 
pots,  ewers. 

jij^\   ahdzlr.   Aromatic   spices,    sweet 

herbs  or  roots  for  seasoning  meat.  Grains, 
seeus* 

AJjbl  ahdzim,  The  buckles,  buttons,  or 
clasps  of  belts,  girths,  girdles,  etc. 

kUl  dhdtf  The  armpits,  the  interior  parts 
beneath  the  wings. 

JJb\i\  ahdtll  (pi.  of  Jtb  hdiil),  Trifles, 
vanities. 

^M  ahdlUat  (pi.  of  (juumLI  Mu\ 
Devils. 

v^l^l  thtihds,  Investigation,  scrutiny, 

disquisition,  examination,  inquiry.  Question, 
dispute,  wager. 

IjcjI  ihtidd,  The  beginning,  commence- 
ment, exordium,  the  first  time.  \jcSi\ 

(U-ibtiddf  To  begin. 

ijcj\  ibtidd-atif  In  the  beginning,  at 
first,  in  the  first  place. 

iIjcjI  ihtiddr.  Setting  about  any  work, 
running  hastily  (to  arms),  the  same  as  the 

participle  ^-^^V^  mubtadir.     (You  are 

referred  to  the  letter  /»  when  you 

cazmot  find  under  \  any  infinitive  or 
noun  of  action  of  the  derivatiTe  conjugations). 

c^jcj)  ibtidd^,    To   invent,   invention, 

contrivance,  alteration,  innovation  (in  matters 
of  religion). 

aImmjI  ibiisdm,  Cheerfulness,  gladness, 
'  a  smile,  smiling. 


\m3j\  ibtighdf  Wishing,  seeking,  desiring, 
coveting.      ^jcj\  ibtighd-an.  For  the 

sake.    ^UJ  4^V^^  ^j!  ^^  ibtighan 

Uwajih  albiari  ta^ala.  For  the  sake  of  God,  to 
please  God. 

jl^t  ibtikdr,  Bising  early,  coming  soon 
in  the  morning. 

hj\  ibtild,  The  being  subject  or  addicted 

to  anything  wrong  or  unpleasant.  Temptation, 
trial,  prooi,  experiment.  Passion,  simering, 
the  bemg  affected  with  any  misfortune,  being 
indispose!,  vexed,  etc.    Calamity,  distiess. 

c^l    tbtild^    Devouring,    consuming, 
swallowing. 

JUcjf  ibtHdl,  Being  wet. 

\usj\  tbtmd,  Building,  constructing. 

^Ifjt  ibtihdj,  To  be  joyful,  to  be  glad. 

Gladness,  alacrity,  cheerfulness,  content  Joy, 
merriment. 

Jlfu^  ibtihdl,  Supplication,  deprecation, 

groaning  in  prayer. 

sr\  ahfad,  Tho  name  of  an  arithmeti- 
cal verse,  the  letters  of  which  have  different 
powers  from  one  to  a  thousand,  as  follows. 
This  was  the  ancient  order  of  the  alphabet, 
as  it  is  now  used  in  the  Hebrew  alphabet, 


cr*^  J^        J^    '^ 


\ 


s 


ooo 


O    •    • 


»•••• 


«  «( 


ooo 

8  5  o 
S  • 


-      * 


ij3    ^jOSUL^ 


s  sss 


e  eoo 


The  letters  may  be  arranged  regularly  or  ir- 
regularly ;  they  have  always  the  same  value ; 
and  the  addition  of  the  several  values  gives 
the  value  of  the  whole.  This  system  is  much 
used  in  chronograms,  and  in  books  of  astro- 
nomical tables. 

li;W;1  abhds,  Questions,  disputes. 


mm\a^\  ibhdh,  Making  hoarse,  causing  to 
pronounce  thick  without  proper  intervals  in 
articulation. 


j\s6r\  abhdr  (pi.  ofjsssr  bahr),  Seas. 

ayirl   abkhurah   (pi.  of  jUr  bukhdr). 
Steams,  vapours,  exhalations,  perfumes. 

Jj\  abad,  Eternity  without  end  (eternity 
without  beginning  being  expressed  by 

Jjl  azal).     ^\  Jj\  abbad  aUah   (in 
prayer).  May  God  prolong  (life,  happiness,  etc.) 

jbUl  Jj),  For  ever,  to  all  eternity. 
1jj\  abadan,  To  all  eternity;  never. 


Ji\ 


(3) 


ij\ 


^Si\  ibid,  Beginniiig,  inyention,  inno- 
Tition,  prodoctioii,  areation. 

^Si}  Aid^  Prodacing  something  new, 
mTcBtiiig;  pobliahing,   imaguung,    feigning^ 


Jsi\  fUte  (pi.  of  ^ Jj  hadan),  Bodies. 

i/Jj1  alcA,  Eternal  (withoat  end).    As 

iSiiikieidjeetiTeB  maj  be  used  adTerbiallyi 
it  s^aifia  likewise,  Etenially,  for  ever. 

^: JjI  aiad^gi.  Eternity. 

^'1  t3ra  J<iberating,absolTing,di8charging 
frna  debt,  deliTering  firom  dan^,  restoring 
health.  Quittance,  aeqnittal,  discharge.  To 
free,  icqoit,  discharge,  exonerate. 

,y  oirdr,  Jost,  holy,  pious,  worthy 
(ma).  The  good,  jnst,  Tirtoons ;  the  innocent. 

j/  ihrn,  Prodaction  of  a  proof  or 

wcameot. 

♦|j!  fjfdsi,  s.  Importunity,  urging.    To 

iaportane,  urge. 
ij^  ibrat,  A  needle. 

^ji\  abroih,  A  dapple  g^rey  or  piebald 

l»ne.  Marked  with  white  or  coloured  spota 
cr  points. 

jsjt  tktu,  Leprous. 

j/  Hari,  A  needle-dealer. 

Ji/'  Urik,  An  ewer  for  washing.     A 

^,  Ivigantine,  sloop  of  war. 
.^l  abidr,  (pL  of^-aj  hassar),  Penetra- 

^isgacities.    Eyes,  looks. 
V  «W,  The  armpit. 
'<&*1  thfd,  To  come  late,  to  be  late.    De- 

1*7,  pntnctiiig. 

J'ijt  aUdl  (pL  of  JLj  hatal),  Brave 

^vnon,  heroes.  Jhtal,  Abolishing,  destroy- 
Qii,  Bmihilsting,  mining,  abrogating,  repeal- 
icg,  rmdenng  Toid  or  nseless. 

*«'  ib'^,  BemoTing  to  a  distance. 
^.  ^'^(id,  More  or  most  distant 

*•  <^«d,  Rendering  permanent,  preserv- 
^  CDtire,  reserring. 
J'ijt  0^  Potherbs,  beans. 
j^}  abidr,  Virgins,  maidens. 

(r '  "WtfyA,  Informing,  conveying,  send- 

^iT^^teti,  messengerB,  compliments.  Different 
™  ^iiiifk,  which  means,  Arriying  at  or  ob- 
^^  any  end,  consummating,  arnTing  at 
7  *^  «t  puberty,    approaching.      Being 


4jjt   ahlaghi   More  or  most  effectual. 

More  eloquent 
j;1j1  ahlak.  Piebald,  black   and   white 

white,  party-coloured. 
AA  ablah,  A  fool.     Simple,  ignorant, 

foolish,  bashful,  blundering,  rude,  awkward, 
doting,  presumptuous,  vain,  arrogant. 

^^^^nJjI  tbll9  or  ahlii,  The  devil. 

^j}\  tJn,  A  son.  It  is  written  ^  bin 
when  preceded  by  a  proper  name  and  followed 

by  the  name  of  the  father,  as  ^^;«m>- 
S^^^s^  ^ji,  Hassan  son  of  Muhammad. 
\:j\  ahnd,  Sons.  ^1  ihnat,  A  daughter. 

{jMyj\  ahnHif  Ebony. 

l^\  abnijfahf  Edifices,  buildings. 

^\  ahu,  Father.  This  word  has  often 
the  sense  of  j  J  sti,  having,  endowed 
with,  possessed  of,  etc.,  as  c^l^yt 
abti  thawdrib,  Having  whiskers.  ^A 
(3^\  abu^lfadl.  Endowed  with  excel- 
lence.   ^^^Mu^l^l  abnH  hum,  Possessed 

of  beauty.  ^IkLJl^^  aba* I  yaladn. 
The  father  of  the  watch  (the  cock). 

ifjjt>'^\  aba  ja^,  The  father  of  the 
curled  hair  (the  wolf,  also  the  fox). 
^^yMMi»-^l  aha  hanbat,  The  father  of 

stratagems  (the  fox).     9^^\^\  aba'l 

hayuh.  The  father  of  life  (rain).    ji\ 

\aJ11\  abash  nhafd,  The  father  of  health 

(sugar).  The  proper  names  formed  in  this 
manner  by  the  Arabians  are  yery  numerous. 

]iy\  ahutowat,  Paternity,  fathership. 
4^L}1  abwdb  (pi.  of  c^b  bdb).  Doors, 

chapters.      L^\^'i\L^\j  (the  port  of 

ports),  the  fortress  of  Derbend  on  the  Caspian 
sea. 

^t^l  abwdk  (pi.  of  j^  bak).  Crooked 
trumpets,  clarions,  French  horns. 

(JL)\ii\  abhdt  (pi.  of  lJ\  ah),  Fathers, 
ancestors.  [fulness. 

^\^\  ibhdj,  Causing  gladness,  joy,  cheer- 

^\^\  ibhdm,  Enunciating  obscurely  and 
so  as  to  create  doubt. 


ij\ 


(4) 


IT 


Uj 


^^\  abha'  (comp.  of    -^  hahf),  More 

"  or  most  beautifiil.  **       [cencci  pomp. 

^\   ahhat,    Grandeur,   glory,   magnifi- 

^^\  abawi,  Paternal. 

c;,^Lj1  abydt  (pi.  of  d-^  hut),  Verses, 
difltichB. 

^ja^\  ahyai,  White.  wLj  xtS  ashad 
hayadan  (comp.),  Whiter. 

^^\  ahyan.  More,  mos^  or  very  <^lear, 
explicit,  manifest,  eyident. 

uJoIjI  atahah,  The  lord  father  (tiUe 

ipven  by  historians  to  kings  or  prime  min- 
isters). Tutor  of  the  monarch  or  regent  in 
some  of  the  old  Mussulman  dynasties). 

(Jlj\i\  atdt,  Household  furniture. 
^\j\  ai&n,  A  ^e-ass. 

^Lj\  atha^  (pi.  of  ^l;  tdhi^),  Fol- 

lowers,  dependents,  clients,  serrants,  subjects. 
Jtbat,  Following  or  causing  "to  follow,  joining 
one  thing  to  another. 

j\s^\  ittihdd,  To  be  united.  Union, 
concord,  intimate  friendship. 

i^W^I  ithdf,  Presenting,  ^ving  as  a 
present,  endowing. 

j\s^\  ittiihdz,  A  receipt,  acceptation, 
taking  to  one's  self,  ajBsumption,  choosing, 
election.  [targets. 

(jm\P^  atrda  (pi.  of  (jmJj  tura),  Shields, 

CS\p\  atr&h  (pi.  of  \lSjj  turh\  Turks. 

cUjI  %ttu&^^  To  become  large  and 
eitennTe.    Aiinplitude,  extension. 

i^jLsJt  ittisaf,  Being  endowed  with  or 
possessed  of  anything. 

JLdJl  iUisdl,  Being  joined,  conjunc- 
tion, adhesion,  union,  attachment,  neighbour- 
hood, contiguity,  being  leyel. 

cLaj^  ittidd^y   To  profess  humility,  to 

be  humble,  to  make  one's  self  humble.  Hu- 
miliation, abasement,  meanness,  abjectness. 

c^Ujfl  it^hf  Causing  fatigue,  lassitude. 

jUjI  ittifdkj  To  come  to  an  arrange- 
ment together.  Union,  concord,  harmony, 
concurrence,  agreement,  consent,  convention, 
confederacy,  compact,  alliance,  league,  con- 
spiracy. Chanoe,  fortune,  accident,  lot,  suc- 
cess, to  come  to  an  agreement. 

C1.>UU7\  ittifdkdt,  Accidents.  Successes. 

UU-fl  i'Uifdkan,  Unanimously,  in  con- 
cert, with  one  accord.    By  chance,  perhaps. 
iMsessftilly. 


cV< 


vJUjI  iiti/dti,  Casuali  fortuitous,  acci- 
dental.   By  chanoe.  [and  solidly. 

^\aj\  Ukdn,  Doing  anything  properly 

LiJf  atkiyd  (pi.  of  ,Jj  takl),  Beligious 
men,  dcTOtees. 

^Jjit  atka\  More  pious;  more  religious. 

\^\  ittikd,.  Leaning  against,  reclining 
upon. 

JUIjI  ittikdl,  Gonfidenee,  trusting  one's 

affaira  to  another;  to  rely  on;  to  place  one's 
confidence  in  God. 

uJ^f  ttl&f,  To  cause  or  causing  con- 
sumption, ruin,  destruction,  loss,  waste. 

jj\  atom,  Mone  or  most  complete. 

aUjI  itmdm,  Perfection,  accomplish- 
ment, termination,  conclusion,  end,  completion. 
To  conclude  any  business.  [passions. 

^%\y\  atwdk  (pi.  of  J  J  iawk),  Desires, 

^y1  atun,  An  oven,  furnace,  the  fire 
burning  in  the  furnace. 

ithdm,  Suspicion,  false  accusation  ; 
to  suspect,  to  impute,  to  accuse. 

(J  1  a^t,  Coming,  arrival,  bringing,leading, 
'  .coming  unawares.   Att,  Future,  coming,  sub* 

sequent.  vJ^ t^Jiii  Af«j JJu  ^^JL^jf^  <0J 

«^  Jj:J\  L:La  gnUfl?  uU  ^z^^,  Divinely 

is  he  inspired  who  acouainteth  me  with  their 
approach,  for  he  hata  brought  information 
most  delightful  to  be  hefud.  If  he  would  be 
satisfied  with  that  which  is  cast  off,  I  would 
give  him  a  heart  rent  in  pieces  at  the  hour  of 
valediction. 

^lyl  iiydn,  Arrival,  accession,  meeting, 

coition ;  to  come. 

d^l^l  Md%y  Household  furniture. 

jbl  d%dr  (pi.  of  yt  aihr\  Signs,  marks, 

traces,  scars,  vestiges,  ruins,  monuments.  His- 
tories, traditions,  relations,  news,*  memorable 
events,  miracles,  prodigies,  chronicles,  annals. 
Good  works,  illustrious  actions.    Footsteps. 

tf^J^.  ^^  J^  CT^I  4^J^  ^  ^^^^^ 
their  footsteps,  and  melt  with  desire,  and  pour 
forth  my  tears  upon  the  places  they  navo 
trodden,  begging  of  Him  who  hath  afflicted 
me  by  their  separation,  that  He  will  bless  me 
some  day  by  a  re-union. 


cP^ 


(«) 


\ 


sjj\  uir$f    Baidns     (the    dust);   ex- 

dtiag[oftroable). 

CJbl  udeih,  NobOlty  of  extr»2tioii. 
aU  diam  (pL  of  ^N  isni).  Crimes,  sins. 
oIjI  tttol,  Confinnaiion,   affirmaiioii, 

Ttting  away  Bome  part^  and  leavii^  or  adding 
othot ;  ailteratloiL  (in  building  or  in  writing). 

j\  MOT,  A  mark,  si^n,  cbaracter,  im- 
rranon,  tr&ee,  remain,  Testige,  or  min.  A 
Wory,  eommemoTafion,  memorial,  relation, 
tndiUoii,  fable,  romattce;  collection  of  tra- 
filioiit  TctallTe  to  tiie  actiona  and  sayings  of 

Utthomet*     yi\  jXs-  ^mtd  other,  The 

kfiowledi^  of  tzucing  footsteps  in  the  desert 
The  Bedomns  bare  the  greatest  sagacity 
in  tndng  of  footstepa,  a  talent  which  they 
seem  to  poaseas  in  common  with  the  free 
Indians  of  America,  with  this^  difference,  that 
in  the  American  woods  the  impression  is  made 
apon  grass,  in  the  Syro-Arahian  desert  upon 
sand.  The  Arab  who  has  applied  himself  oili- 
jreatly  to  this  stnd]r  (for  it  is  only  to  be  ac- 
onired  by  lon^  practice)  can  g^etterally  ascertain 
mfn.  inspectmg  the  impression — 1.  Whether 
the  footatepa  Moog  to  his  own  or  to  some 
fidigbboiirxng  tnbe,  and  oonseonently  whether 
friend  or  foe  has  passed.  2.  He  knows  from 
Ibe  aligbtaeas  of  depth  of  tixe  impression 
wheOus  tbe  man  who  made  it  carried  a  load 
or  not.  8.  From  the  strength  or  faintness  of 
&e  tnee  whether  he  paased  on  the  same  day, 
or  one  or  two  days  bobre.  And  4.  From  a 
certaia  regularity  of  intervals  between  the 
steps  a  Bedomn  jndM  whether  the  man-  is 
&feig«ed  or  not,  ana  hence  he  can  calculate 
tise  eiwDoe  of  OTeitaking  him.  This  faculty  of 
distinginshing  footsteps  on  the  ground  extends 
to  bcMlB  (honea  and  camels)  as  well  as  men, 
and  in  the  exercise  of  it  tne  same  obserra- 
tiona  win  lead  to  tbe  same  results.      See 

JUS^  Miidl  (pi.  of  Jij  sikl),  Burdens, 
loads,  incumbranoes,  impediments,  baggage, 

eqnipBge,  train,  snite.     {joJiS  ^\Sj\f 
Tbe  tzeasorea  of  the  etttb.    Weights. 

^y  ism,  A  sin,  crime,  offence,  anything 


jL%j\  09mar  (pL  af^  Mmdr),  Pmits. 

^LmI  mtmdn  (pi.  of  ^^  $aman  and 
jsBsw},  FkioeB.    Ei^ith  parts* 

^^^^  OMMff  (eomp.  of  ^^^^  $amin),  More 
or  Boat  dear.    Taluable. 

\j^  aand.  The  middle,  interval,  interstice. 
Plata,  Jbldiagi.    Whitot,  during,  ia  the  mean 


^LJ\  undn,  Two.  ^^JLucLJ^  Twelve. 

L^\  oirtiyaf  (pi.  of  U!  sand),  Praises, 
encomiums,  felicitations,  congratulations. 

L^\y\  aswdh  (pi.  of  Lmfyi  smob),  Robes, 

vestments,  garmenta,  habiliments,  cloths, 
baggage. 

j\^\  astffdr  (pi.  otjyi  sawr),  Bulls. 

^^yi\  assftn,  A  furnace. 

^\  asir,  The  sky,  aether. 

A^l  asJm,  A  sinner,  criminal,liar.  Wicked, 
rascally,  heaping  crime  upon  crime. 

c^lf»-1  tjdh,  Answering.     Consenting. 

^lf>-!  ijdhat,  Listening  to,  acceptation, 

ratification,  agreement,  consent.  Answering, 
corresponding,  consenting,  admitting,  comply- 
ing with,  humouring,  listening  to. 

J^l  djdr,  Rent.    See  jla^i. 
ifj\>-\  tfdra,  Rent;  ground-rent  paid  for 


land,  etc.,  in  mortmain. 


,U^ 


ijara  mu^ajila.  The  sum  or  fine  paid  on  first 

acquiring  possession,     ^^y^  ^j^^ 

ijara  muajila,  The  monthly  or  yearly  quit- 
rent  paid  ever  afterward. 

Sjls^t  ijdiat.  Leave,  permission,  dismis- 
sion, dispensation. 

^1^1  tyds,  A  species  of  plum,  a  prune. 

JWT  djdl  (pi.  of  J^\  <^al),  The  fates; 
the  appointed  time  of  death.    Causes. 

L^U-\  ajdwib  (pi.  of  ^^f^\  ajnahl), 
Foreigners,  strangers.  "  [tains. 

JLsj-\  qfhdl  (pi.  of  ijfsf- jabd),  Moun- 

U:l>-1  ^'tihd,  Choice,  election,  selection ; 
to  select,  to  elect. 

\j:s^\  ijtird,  Boldness,  intrepidity,    an 
enterprise,  endeavour,  attempt. 

jUsjf-l  ijtimd^,  To  be  collected,  united ; 

an  assembly,  concourse,  congregation,  meeting, 
convention,  congress ;  an  accumulation,  heap. 

\jzaA  ijtind,  Gathering,  collecting,  pluck- 
ing, puUing'  (fruit,  etc.). 

c^l:j^\  fftindh,  Shunning,  abandoning, 

declinkig,  flying,  abstaMng  from,  retiring,  re- 
moviag^,  going  to  a  distance. 

j\^:i^\  iftUhdd,  Cafe,  solicitude,  labour, 

diligence,  effort,  study,  endeavour;  to  exert 
one's  self.  [forefathers. 

jIjc^I  ajddd  (pi.  of  iX>-j4d)f  Ancestors^ 


J-r^ 


(6) 


\ 


►1  qfr,  A  reward,  preminm,  recom- 
pense, compenfiation,  hire. 

\jS^\  ijrdf  Making  anything  to  flow,  run, 

Sroceed.    Brining  forward,  beginning,  pro- 
acing,    satisfVing,    paying ;    acoomplifihing, 
executing,  performiDg. 

U**^Pr^  q;ra»(pl.  of  (jyi#^y(flprfl*),*Bellg. 

i*Lff^\  (^'rdm  (pi.  of  Ajs^  jinn),  Bodies. 

UMJl>»\y>*1y  The  heavenly  bodies. 

ij^\  ujrat,  Eeward,  recompense,  ex- 
change, hire,  rent,  wages. 

J^\  ajrad,  Bald,  bare  ;  a  bald  person. 

\js^\  aj'zd,  Parts,  parcels.  Ingredients, 
materials.    Minerals,  drugs. 

jLuf»^1  aJ8dd  (pi.  of  Sm/^  Jasad),  Bodies. 

i%LMf»-t  afsam  (pi.  of  M*up^jism),  Solid 
bodies. 

J^\  qffdn  (pi.  of  ^^  jefn),  Eye- 
lashes, eyebrows.  ^cJuc  ci^giG  jSij 
j^  w«  jJI  ^Lil  \j^3  L;-1..4Jj  ^Xr^ 

4j^  ^^  bigi  ^  jj>:  s^i^i 

^Ir^l^  ^^  ^^  JCJ  ,  Long  have  I 

wept  on  account  of  onf  disunion, — the  tears 
overflowing  from  my  eyelids;  and  I  vowed 
that  if  Providence  should  bring  us  together, 
I  would  never  again  mention  a  new  separation. 
Joy  hath  overcome  me  to  such  a  degree  that 
by*  its  excess  it  has  made  me  weep.  0  eye, 
thou  hast  become  so  accustomed  to  tears,  that 
thou  weepest  froA  happiness  as  from  grief. 

See  ^^^fj>'. 

J>-1  ajal,  Death,  the  hour  of  death;  fate, 
destiny.     A  term,  appointed  time 

J^l  a/7,  Cause,  occasion,  reason.  ^ 

LLi3i  Js^-lForthatreason.  (Jil>-1^ 
On  your  account. 

^^\  ajall,  Greater,  more  or  most  worthy, 
excellent,  glorious. 

^/Jip^\  tjlds,  Causing  or  ordering  one  to 
sit  or  recline.  Being  seated;  being  seated 
on  a  throne. 

J)L^1  ijldl,  Magnificence,  majesty,  gran- 
deur, gloiy,  dignity,  honour,  exaltation,  lofti- 
Ajlal,  Housings,  or  any  kind  of  horse- 
•ng. 


1i>-\  ifl&hnt  Out  of  respect. 

Ij^ltj  cuJk;  t«,  I  wished  for  my  be- 
loved; but  when  I  beheld  him  I  was  con- 
founded, and  possessed  neitlier  tongue  nor  eye. 
I  hung  down  my  head  in  honour  and  reve- 
rence, and  would  have  hidden  wliat  I  felt; 
but  it  would  not  be  concealed.  I  had  prepared 
a  volume  of  expostulation ;  but  when  we  met 
I  remembered  (uttered)  not  a  word ! 

iX>'^  ofla\  More  splendid,  bright,  re- 
splendent. 

cU^-l  ijmd^,  An  assembly,  collection, 

consenting,  agreeing.  Collecting;  unanimity 
of  opinion  or  decision  ^of  the  Fathers  of  the 
Church  on  points  of  faith  or  discipline,  this 
bein^  one  of  the  fundamental  sources  of  autho- 
rity in  Mohammedan  canon  law,  in  matters  .< 
.  where  an  explicit  Divine  command  or  apostolic  ' 
word  or  deed  cannot  be  cited ;  it  is  called  also 

iyl\  ^U^t  ijfnd^  al  imnuU,  The 
unanimous  voice  of  the  nation). 

JU^I  ^mdl,  Making  an  abridgment,  -  i 
compendium,      summary,      synopsis.    < 

)IUj>*\  t;Vnd/an,Briefly,compendiou8ly,    ^ 
summarily,  by  way  of  abridgment.  '•.  , 

^j^jL4^  \  ajma^n,  All,univer8al,the  whole  "< 

ijA>>'  \  qfmal  (comp.of  J^M4>-y0mtf),]lkIore  ^  i 
or  most  beautifuL  >, 

^:^:^\  ajnad  (pi.  of  Jejuni),  Soldiers.^  -! 

troops,  armies.  .  ^^ 

-Ls^-l  qfndh  (pi.  of  ,fj>' jmh),  Wings.  0, 

(ji**lij^l  qfnds  (pi.  of  \j»*:^j%n9\  KindsV  ^f.^ 
sorts,  species,  goods,  things.     Wares  >  ^^ 

household   goods.     ij^zJs^  ^^Lsj-V ., 
Various  sorts,  different  kinds.  '        .^ 

j-M^l  qfnahl,  A  foreigner,  stranger.   "^  ^ 

<Ur»- 1  ajnat,  ujnat,  ijAat,  The  cheek,  pai  T^ 
ticularly  the  upper  and  more  prozninei  '^  ^ 
part.     il^\  qfinnat,  Embryos.  ^ 

^Lfia>-1  ajnthat,  Wings,  hands,  fins,  pinnr  '"^ 
cles,  projections  of  any  kind.  See  ^£»'  W 

il^flf-l  qfwdr,  Neighbours.  See  lU^.      ^^i5r«ri 

^^\  qfmhah  (pi.  of  <--?l^  jawdl^^^ 

Answers,  replies.  i  ^. 


.\ 


(7) 


j^t 


ui^l  ajw§f,  Concaye,  hollow.  A  dasB 
of  inbie  Terbt  esUed  ocmeare. 

^^1  ^W,  Squint  or  goggle-eyed.  Eyes 


tiot  cannot  bear  the  fflare  of  the  fan.    Beaati- 
to  a  squint. 


H  vitii  ft  li^ht  amd  delicate  cast  of  the  eye. 


^^\  Qjhd  (comp.  of  JaU-/»W),  More 

or  noit  ignorant.    (jMiUt  J^l,  The 
saaipocaat  of  mankind. 

«>^  ^,  A  mercenary,  hired  labourer, 
n%Knant. 

^^Lt  ^Jl,  Enigmas. 

j!>Iaidi(pL),  Ones:  as  jl^!tl  J^^l, 

ia  iaannpanble  man  ;  the  one  of  ones; 
1  ptenix.    A  solitary  poor  man.     (PL  of 

JLxt  ttUoi),  Sunday. 

^,jl9-l  «Ad^l#  (pi.  of  d^ Ju^  haii$9\ 

S«Ti.  things  which  have  recently  happened. 
^rrofn  or  traditions  cooceming  Mahomet, 
sadnl  down  by  the  MussnlmanaoctorB  to  the 

smberof  5266.  ij|/!lcUijU-l,  The 

*^&ii  of  the  Alkoran.  Erents  happening; 
^ii5!ioiia  of  the  sayings  or  doings  of  Mu- 
•SBsd  (these,  as  a  collection,  hold  a 
sk  laMog  HoaBnlman  diTines  oorrespond- 
?  to  that  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles  and 
*•£  Apostolic  Epistles  with  as;  they  are 
*ysSie&r  valid  and  binding  source  of  antho- 
rv  is  toe  determination  of  canonical  qnes- 

-3C9},  called  generally  ijyj  ci^  jU-t 
mmSaweym^  The  Apostolic  Acts. 

tkdt^.    Surrounding,    compre- 
^_,  containing,  inclnding,  holding,  in< 
'Ss^    besieging.    Inclosnre.    Conceiving, 
r:L^^  nndCTStanding. 

»^' iidlm.  Giving  in  charge,  committing 
it  care,  referring ;  transferring. 

^'  sMahh  (comp.  of  c^-^j^fw  hdbth\ 

^  or  moat  lovely ;  amiable.  L»^l 

•-•♦a  'pi.  of  !>,,  '^'^\  aAa&^),Priends,re- 

r.-s^  the  most  intimate.  See  i— ^.^^^^ . 

.  ••• 

-^-  mkhab  (pL   of  y^y:^  hdbih), 
-»  i^ter  (pi.  of  j0^  habr),  Hebrew 


•xf^ 


•^-^'  M^kiibas,  Betaining,  containing, 
J  "=%£.  xnelndui^,  imprisonine,  arresting, 
V  ^ar.  Restraining  one*8  selL  Being  shut 
\  '^•ccd,   inprisoned,  included,  contained. 

*    iht^ah.    Seclusion,     retreat, 


I  ^l^\».l  ihtijaj,  Bringing  proofs,  plead- 
j      ing  a  cause,  litigating. 

jt«jbi»-f  ihtit&rt  Avoiding,  shunning,  fly- 
ing fixnn,  taking  care,  being  cautions. 

j|^i>-f  tA^trdx  (almost  the  same),  Ab- 
staining from. 

(jM«|y;».t  ihtirdi,  Preserving,  guarding. 
Bdng  preserved,  guarded. 

^^j^>^^  thtirdk^  Conflagration,  burning. 
Ardour,  strong  desire. 

>*|^^t  ihttrdm,  Yeneration,  honour, 
reTerence,  respect. 

u,;lin"..'w!  Misdh,  Esteeming,  reckoning, 
estimating,  enumerating,  counting. 

i*Lwui»-1  Miihdm,  Being  ashamed,  mo- 
desty, [against. 

10U:;l».1  ihtifdt,   Taking  care,  guarding 

j\ii».|  Mifdr,  Digging,  excavation. 

jlsi»-l  ihtikdr,  Contempt  (in  the  passive 
tense),  being  despised. 

f^Ui»-\  ihtikdn,  Taking  or  giving  an 
injection  or  clyster. 

jUci^-l  ihtihdr.  Accumulating,  reaping, 
hoarding  grain,  laying  up  in  a  granary. 

J\4>r.'w<  ihtmdl,  Bearing  patiently,  pa- 
tience. Supporting,  being  supportable.  Possi- 
bility, probability. 

\f.»^\  ihtiwd,  Comprehending,  containing. 

<p.\c,>'\  ifUiydj,  Indigence,  want,  ne- 
cessity. 

LLs^!  ihtiydt,  Care,  caution,  circum- 
spection, foresight,  scrupulousness. 

UoLiA-ttA^dton,  Cautiously,  carefully. 

JL:;»i.\  ihtiydl,  Eraud,  art,  stratagem, 
machination,  deceit 

j\^\  dhjdr  (pi.  of ^  hajt^\  Stones. 
\  ahad,  One.      J^IJ^  Every  one, 
all.    «  lI^ J  Jx  ijji  ^  j^l  ^U 

^««.ji>  u--^  i?  A£  4^9  No  one,  of  those 
who  can  afford  it,  is  without  a  choice  collec- 
tion of  precious  books.  1  Jk>.\  lzjJoj  Jjb 
M^  hal  tuMorta  ahhadan  minhm,  Have 
you  seen  any  one  of  them  ?  (J^~  ^ 
Mf>^  Ji»-\  md  jdnl  ahhadtm  tninhum, 
No  one  of  them  came  to  me.    uu^l^ 


I 


(8) 


^ 


\ 


\^y>\^  \6^^  S^^usi^  rtLO/yiul  ^dkir 
toahidan  fawahidan,  I  saw  the  soldiers  one  by 

one.  J^lj  Jj^  tX^\  i  Id  ahhad  min- 
kum  yakulj  Let  no  one  of  you  eat. 
^\ljdSLi  L^  Ss>A  )  Id  ahhad  minnd 
yakdir  yakul,  No  one  of  us  can  eat. 

^^  lJ^  Li^J  \jS»^\  ahhadnd  tahah 
Ua  beitihi  One  of  us  is  gone  to  his  house. 
i^Ut  Jk».l  iJL^Joj  nazartuahhadulndt, 
I  saw  a  man,  I  saw  one  of  mankind. 
1,  Eleven. 

\  ahadd,  More  or  most  acute,  sharp, 
vehement  or  fierce  (in  anger  or  war). 

S^i\  A^  yatpm  el-ahhadf  Sunday,  Sab- 
bath day.  [duction  or  erection. 
Vil.9^Jk>-l  ihdds,  An  invention,  new  pro- 

j^Jk>-\  ahdak  (pi.  of  <^[J^>-  hadlkat), 
The  pupils  of  the  eyes. 

\  ahdab,  Hump-backed. 

\  aharr,  More  or  most  hot. 

j]j>^\  ahrdr  (pi.  of^^  Aur),  The  free, 
free-bom,  noble,  free  men. 

^1^1  ihrdhj  Burning,  setting  on  fire. 

Aj^^  ahrdm  (pi.  of  j^j^^haram),  Sacred 

places,  sanctuaries,  asylums.  Ihram,  Excom- 
munication, an  anatnema,  interdiction.  Il- 
legal, making  unlawful. 

i^j^\  aArtt/(pl.  of  4.J^  harf),  Letters, 
particles,  types. 

i^j»-\  ahra\  Better,  best. 

i^\j^\dh»dh  (pi.  of  c^  KM),  Troops, 
bands,  cohorts. 

^jy^\  ahzdn  (pi.  of  ^^^^  Ausn),  Care, 
grief.    Melancholies;  afflictions. 

^L*»-f  ihids,  Perception,  sight,  feel- 
ing, finding,  perceiving.    Sense. 

^Lm».1  ihsdn,  A  benefit,  favour,  gift, 
present,  courtesy,  serrice,  goodness,  beneficence. 

c.'^^f»"l  ahsab,  More  or  most  esteemed, 
honoured. 

^^«M».f  ahsan,  More  or  most  beautiful. 
Ahtana  (in  prayer),  May  it  be  good,  beautiful. 

j\,a^\  ihddr,  Prodacing,  presenting, 
making  appear,  summoning,  citing,  calling 
before.  [parts,  tracts. 

^lid>>l  ahddn  (pi.  of  ^j^d^  hidn).  Sides, 


Ms^\ahfdd(^\.  of  Jua:*-  ha/id),  Friends, 
grandchildren,  sons-in-law,  relations. 

^\s^\ahfdn,  Kandfulls,  small  quantities. 

^J^\  ahakk,  More  or  most  worthy. 

j\A:»^\aJJ^d  (pi.  of  JJi>.  hakad),  Hatreds, 
rancours,  animosities. 

J\a^\  ahkdl  (pi.  of  Jis^  hakl),  Arable 
lands,  sown  fields. 

Ji*-1  ahkar  (comp.  of^^-A^  hakir),  Viler, 

vilest,  meanest,  lowest,  most  contemptible. 
Poorest,   humblest.      (Used   for    I    or   me) 

jUxIf^^A^l,  The  humblest  of  servants. 

j^\^\  akkdm  (pi.  of  m^  hukm)^  Orders, 

decrees,  mandates,  ordinances,  precepts  of  the 
law,  judgments,  decrees,  sentences,  diplomas, 
letters  patent.  Secrets,  mysteries.  Presages, 
prodigies,  portents,  prognostics. 

^^;i^l£)\  ^S^^\  ahkam  u*l  hdkimin,  The 
judge  of  judges,  the  lord  chief  justice.    God. 

^♦U»-t  ahldm  (pi.  of  A^  hulm)^  Breams. 

I^^S^  Jb».  a\j^  J^l  ^  mandkal  tea 

nam  halima  alahlam.  He  who  eats  and  ^oes 
directly  to  bed  sees  dreams  (Arabic  proTcrb). 

^1l»-1  aMa*  (comp.  of  jl^  A7fi),  More 
*  or  most  sweet.  [loads. 

JIt^I  ahmdl{pL  of  J^  Aim/),  Burdens, 

Jk^l  ahmad,  More  or  most  laudable. 

^\  ahmar  (fem.  \j^  hamrd),  Red. 

\  ahmak,  Foolish,  stupid,  dull,  igno- 
rant, awkward,  a  fool. 

J\^i  ahwdl  (pi.  of  Jl».  hdl),  States, 

conditions,  situations,  afi'airs,  things,  accidents, 
occurrences,  circumstances,  accounts,  relations, 
events  (either  past  or  present). 

J^l  ahwaly  Squint-eyed.   See  ^^m^U 

L»-l  ahyd^  The  living.  Ihyd^  Recover- 
ing, reviving,  refreshing,  recalling  to  life.  To 
ammate,  ^ve  life  to ;  to  reanimate,  restore  to 
life ;  to  give  new  vigour  to,  enforce  anew ;  to 
make  populous;  to  restore  from  neglect  or 
ruin,  renovate ;  to  bring  into  cultivation,  re- 
claim (wastelands) ;  to  pass  (the  night)  watch > 
ing  or  in  activity.  [agee. 

^L>.1  ahydn  (pi.  of  ^^^^  h\n\  Times, 

UL».l  dkydnan^  Sometimes,  from  time 

to  time,  now  and  then.     IjJb  kjljJ^ 

itj^  \j'\p^\  J^i  fuuartu  hazd  arrajui 
ahpanan  huimh^  I  saw  this  man  many  times. 


(9) 


I 


iMrrH  iM  akyamm  jf«htu^  Sometimes  (he) 
gves  DOT,   imd  lometimee    (he)   goes   &r. 

UL^tj  \j\^\f  So  many  times,  times 
and  times. 

^^  fltt,  A  brother.  ,^^  akhl,  My  bro- 
ther. (Kp.f  aihuk,  Tby  brother. 
Jp-I  oiiAtfAtf,  His  brother.  U^^\ 
o^iAd,  Her  brother.  \jy^\  akhund. 
Oar  brother.    ^m^\  aihukum,  Your 

brother.   *>^\  oi^AuAiMiy  Their  bro- 
ther.        '  "^ 

^U>t  i2Aa/i,  Frightening. 

;UI  oil^dr  (pL  of  ^^  khahar).  His- 

torus,  tales,  annals,  gazettes,  news,  relations^ 
adrices,  chronicles,  traditions. 

;-^l  «Wdr,  To  inform. 

^r^l  A^A^M  (comp.  of  C^y^  kha- 

iiti),  More  or  most  sly.    The  most  nllanons, 
the  most  depraved,  the  most  infamoys. 

c^l  ukhi,  A  sister,  female  friend,  com- 
psnioiL  Similar,  eqoal,  alike,  congenial. 
Cm  if..^]  ^j^  j^  kam  min  ukhtin  lakj 

How  many  sisters  have  you?  ^li^^J 
Itktt  ukktan.  He  hsB  two  sisters. 

,^»«=^i  ikktiidnt  To  be  circumcised. 

Ac;id.1  ikhtttdm,  End,  completion,  con- 
dsson. 

^J^^  tkhtira^f  Inventing,  fancying, 
iffisgining.     Invention,  contrivance,  artifice. 

kJt^iUt  ^/:>^\  ^j^  man  akhtara^  al 

UUp'df,  Who  ioTented  the  telegraph  ? 

u^\  ^^1  jjiut  ^j^\  ^^jji 

\*^ie.  «/jsl  akhtara^  al  matdhie,  akh- 

tft^f  iklUira^-aH  \*aman.  He  who  iDTsntod 
tbe  pKM  aiade  s  grett  inTentioii. 

':^\  HAtUU.  To  fear.    uJyiSb^t; 

Than  isst  exhort  men  to  virtne,  and  yet  vio- 
late her  sanctoary ;  thou  dost  prohibit  iniquity. 


iJL/u 


»d  yet  abstain  not  therefrom ;  thoa  dost  de- 
sooaee  qpprcsnon,  and  then  commit  it ;  thou 
feanst  the  world,  though  God  claims  all  thy 
fearl 


jl.^is>-1  ikhiisdr,  Abridging,  abbreviat- 
ing, contraction,  abridgment.  ^^  Jj^ 
c^li^l  1  JJhjl^i£v.1  ^^^L^\  hal  mtn  al 

tnumkin  ikhtuar  haza  al  kilab.  Is  it  possible 
to  abridge  (to  make  the  abridgment  of)  this 
book? 

^Idifwl  ikhtudSf  Being  peculiar,  par- 
ticular, proper,  special,  belonging  to  one  in 
sole  property. 

aLt.^wI  ikhtudtn,  Enmity,  altercation, 
disputing,  debate,  litigation,  litigiousness, 
wrangling,  squabbling,  quarrelling. 

L^U3i£>-l  ikhtitdf,  Seizing,  carrying  off 
by  force. 

\s&£>^\  ikhti/d,  Withdrawing,  concealing 
one's  self. 

^^bLr>-t  ikhtilds,  Seizing,  snatching,  lay- 
ing violent  hands  upon,  dragging  away,  carry- 

ing  off.  L»)Li£wt  ikhtildsan,  Hastily, 
violently,  forcibly. 

k)l:xr>-\  ikhtildt,  Being  mixed  together, 
mixture.  Intercourse,  commerce,  association, 
friendship. 

i  iM".>^\  ikhtildf,  Discord,  difference,  di- 
versity, discrepancy,  opposition,  dissen- 
sion, contrast,  falsehood.  Contradiction. 

Jai^\  uJl:^^  ikhtildf  u^l  manzar, 
Difference  of  place  of  observation,  parallax. 

JlbL>-1  ikhtildlf  Confusion,  disturbance, 
interruption,  trouble,  alteration.  Disorder, 
tumult. 

jLxswt  ikhtiydr,  An  election,  choice, 
liberty,  option,  will,  power.    To  choose,  to  be 

willing,  to  cause  to  elect.  |^U::;^\ 
ikhHynran^  Voluntarily,  spontaneously. 

cjtfv.^  akhda^  More  or  most  fallacious, 
crafty,  sly,  cunning. 

's:iA  akh&t  Eeceiving,  taking,  seizing. 
To  receive,  to  take,  seize. 

».  t  dkhar,  Another,  a  second.  ^^^^ 
j^\  t^\s£  a^mi  kitdh  dkhar,  Give  me 
another  book.    ^^J^^^  ^jj^^  ^'^  *^ 

4C^1I\  khaz  Junth  al  waraka  wa  a^inl 

cU  akharah,  Take  this  paper  and  give  me  the 
other. 

M  dkMr,  Last,  posterior,  ultimate, 
final.  The  end,  extremity,  latter  part.  Finally, 

at  last,  afterwards.  ^UjJ\^ T  dkht- 
rmMomdn,  The  end  of  time,   ^^uij^  |^ 


J:S.\ 


(10) 


L^j\ 


dkhimafas,  The  last  brenth.  j^^^J)^ 
awwal  wa  dkhir,  Pint  and  last,  y/*)!^  i 
dkhiruJamr,  At  length,  finally.  ^^1 
ukhar.  Others. 

^1^1  ikrdj,  Prodacing,  drawing  forth, 

bringing  forward,  expelling.  Rusbing  or  sally- 
ing ont. 

L/^j^^  akhrm,  Dumb. 

i^j^\  (fern.),  Another. 

^^1    dkhrln,    The  last,    the    latest 
comen,  posterity.  [noble. 

^^M^\  akhass,  More  or  most  vile,  ig- 

^^^M«£w.t  akhshan.  More  roagh. 

u*£wt  akhsha*,  More  or  most  timid. 

%.\akhass,  More  or  most  proper,  pecu- 
liar, particular. 

i:>.\  akhdar,  Green.  j.a:S^i\  .^^,  The 
g^reen  or  Persian  Gulf.  ^ 

jlkf^^  ikhtdr,  Bemembering,  recording, 
recollecting.    Akhtar,  Dangers,  risks. 

UflL\  ikhfd,  Concealment,  hiding,  snp- 


pressmg.     cuv  )j  lIXj/  ^  ^J^i^3 

CSLl^  ^  iJU.  ^Va^Jj,  And  thou 

Beekest  to  ^cape  the  detection  of  tby  neigb- 
bour,  wbilo  tbou  art  under  the  notice  of  thy 
Great  Obsenrer?  and  practise  concealment 
from  thy  slaye,  though  tbou  canst  not  bide 
one  secret  from  tby  Master  ? 

h>^\  akMdh,  The  claws  of  wild  beasts. 

^L^f  ikhlds,  Candour,  sincerity,  piety, 

probity,  trutb,  purity,  purification,  correction, 
true  love,  friendsbip,  affection.    Emendation. 

}oi£>-.\  akhldtt  Mixtures,  miscellanies. 
Humours  of  the  body,  like  tbe  blood,  bile, 
pblegm,  and  black  bile. 

j)Ls^1  akMdk,  Qualities,  natures,  tem- 

Eeraments,   dispositions,    talents,   properties, 
abits,  manners  (good  or  bad).    Akh&M  is  a 
general  name  for  books  of  morality,  as 

C^^\  ^^\,  The  manners  of  kings. 
JLsJ]   |Jx    ^tlmil   akhldh,    Ethics, 
moral  science,  metaphysics. 
^^^dL^l  akhloi,  More  or  most  pure,  sin- 
cere.  jljJt  (^,;^\f  The  most  faithful 

of  servants.  j\^\  ^^fA:^\  Sincere  of 
heart.    Genuine,  delicious. 


(jMUfl^t  aJJ^mdi  (pL  of  ^^.^^^1^  khums), 
Fifth  parts. 

^\yS^\akhiodl  (pi.  of  JU.  khdl),  Uncles 
by  the  motber's  side. 

iy>>^\  ukhwat  (pi.  of  ^\  akk),  Brothers. 

^1^1  akhwdn  (pi.  of  ^\  akh),  Brothers, 
companions. 

j^\  dkhUr,  A  stable,  stall.   jy>^\j^ 
Mtrakhor,  Master  of  the  bone. 

uJ«>.f  aJshtoaff  More  or  most  timid. 

lly>\  akhwilat,  Uncles  by  the  mother's 
side. 

j\i^\  akhydr,  Gt>od,  the  best,  the  choicest, 
most  excellent 

^L^t  akhjfdsh  (pi.  of  Ji^),  Linen, 
clotbs  of  a  coarse  and  flimsy  texture. 

a\^\  akhydm,  Tents,  pavilions,  tem- 
porary movable  habitations.  See  ^U;*£^. 
j^\  akhyar,  Better,  best.    Akhlr,  Pos- 

terior,  last,  yj^^  akh%ran,At  length, 
in  fine. 

\i}\  addf  Paying,  fulfilling ;  n\^nner,  tone. 

c^^ljl    dddh,  Civilities,  good  manners, 
politeness,  learning,   sciences,   laws,  duties. 

Seec^jt. 

CL^f  j1  addt,  An  instrument,  tool,  utensil, 
apparatus. 

j\j\  addr,  March. 

5j\j\  iddrat,  Turning  round,  revolving. 

Administration.  Causing  to  turn  round,  re- 
ToWe,  ^  or  circulate.  Conduct  of  business, 
supervision,  superintendence.  Economy,saTing. 

a1  j1  addtna  (in  prayer).  May  God  prolong. 

d^l^ljl    addwdt,    Instruments,    tools, 
utensils,  apparatus,  particles. 

L^Ct\  adab,  Civility,  humanity,  courtesy. 


politeness,  respect,  reyerence,  yeneration,  ur- 
banity, elegance  of  manners,  soundness  of 
doctrme  or  principles,  morality,  science, 
learning,   pbilology.    Modesty,    basbfalness. 

L^J\    To  correct,  chastise,  civilize. 

jb  j\  idhdr.  Going  backwards  or  down- 
wards (in  tbe  world).    Adyersity. 

^Ifikrjf  adab'khdnah,     A  water-closet, 
necessary. 

dp^Ljj)  adabaydt  (fem.  pi.),   Eelating 

to  humanity.  Politeness,  learning,  aooompUsh« 
ments. 


^J<i\ 


(11) 


vlilil 


JU»  j1  Hkkdl,  Introdacing,  entering. 

J:^j\  adkhinat,  Smoke,  the  fames  of 

tobaooo.     See  f^^*^^ 

lJ\jJ\  idrdk,   Comprehension,  under- 
itandisg,  obaenratton,  perception,  intelligence, 

intellect,  capacity,  genius.  (J>'J\  \^ 

idrdky  This  man  has  no  perception,  no 

comprehension,  dJ  Cj\jS\i  ^y^\ 
An  aimnal  has  no  intellect. 

^jji  Airtmah,  Adrianople. 
^^j|  Idris,  The  Arabian  name  for 
^y=>^  Enoch  the  prophet 

WjI  iddi^a,    Pretension,   presumption, 

arrogance,  asiuming,  riorying,  or  boasting. 
InTitiDg,  calling  to,  oraering  to  be  brought. 

i^\  adJyat,  Salutations,  felicitations, 

eopgratnlations,  compliments,  wishes,  sup- 
pjicitionfi,  prajeTB.     Invitations.     Blessings. 

See  Uj. 

^ Jl  adHlat,  Arguments,  reasons,  proofs, 

eridences.     ^^s!^\^lij\  Clear  proofs. 

^jlilj\,  Legal  judicial  proofs; 
eridences  before  a  court  of  justice. 
See  JJj. 

*^\  ddamy  Adam  and  his  posterity. 
aOT^  hanl  adam,  The  sons  of  Adam, 
i-t^  mankind. 

<jS^  odna  (or  (jjl).  More  or  most  vile, 
ic&mooB,  the  last,  least,  lowest,  basest,  meanest. 

^y:^  adwdr  (pi.  of j^  J  dawr),  Orbs,orbits, 
reTolntions,  circles.    Periods. 

^••>1  odwiyai  or  adwiyah.  Medicines. 
olj^l  h%S\j  A  treatise  on  medi- 
cines.   See  1^  J. 

J^  adahdn^  Oils,  ointments,  unguents. 

/*5*  aikur,  Times,  ages,  eternities.    See 

^  Mam,  (A  horse)  of  a  black  colour, 
^B^iimng  to  a  dusky  green. 

C^jJ\  adyak  (pi.  of  tlXj  J  iik),  Cocks. 
JjjI  adydn  (pi.  of  ^^ J  din),  Beligious 


rites  or  ceremonies;  religions.  uJlsr^j 

Jj&\  i^  ^  ;lfl  ^^T^yXI  iUj, 

And  dishes  of  varied  dainties  are  more  agreeable 
to  thee  than  religious  books,  and  sport  with 
comrades  is  more  delightful,  to  thee  than  read- 
ing the  Kuran ! 

c^J^  adlhf  Courteous,  polite,  well-bred, 
learned.     See  4.^jl. 

t it's.  When  (both  in  pret.  and  int.  tense). 

i\  izin  (Juv^.'v.  or  d/^  Jiil),  Then,  at 

that  time.  ^^y„9  On  that  day.    juiOJ, 

On  that  night.    U  j1.  When,  if  at  any 

time.     J\  «,  If.     C^i^j^V\  Jii\ 

iz  kdn  alamr  kazalik,  (If  such  be  the  case), 
such  being  the  case. 

1  iif  tsa,  When  (in  the  future  tense).    If. 

Jk^\  \pAi^\  i&djaa  dhadun,  If  any  one 

comes.  l^J^\^^L^^\pAi\%%djaawdkt 
ul  hhalwah.  When  the  time  of  retire- 

ment  comes.    Ci3  J  Cil^  d^lj  \cM 

(jflUiuill  fd%%&  raat  minka  zalikalanki- 
bad,  And  when  she  perceives  from  you 
those  frowns.  vJjju\j  ^J  a.IS  <Jij'«^^ 

AjM^fdiid  raanl  k&ma  It  wa  ak^adani 

makanahUf  And  as  soon  as  he  sees  me  he  will 
stand  before  me,  and  will  cause  me  to  sit  in  his 

seat.  LLjC^^ji6J^\CS\j\l.\3\ 
\y**^  c?y Uy.5  ^^  v/y  U^,  When 

fortune  bringeth  thee  affliction  (console  thy- 
self by  remembering  that)  one  day  thou  must 
see  prosperity,   and  another   day  difficulty. 

Ji\ti\  izd  lam,  Unless. 
j^^iT  dzdn,  Ears,  lobes  or  tips  of  the  ears. 

jo'i'  «««»»  The  signal  for  summoning  to 
prayers  by  the  mullah  or  priest,  from  the 
minarets  or  towers  of  the  mosques. 

cj jl  atru^  (pi.  of  ^jJ  %ird^).  Arms. 

Cubits.     Ells.     Tbe  fore-legs  of  animals. 
-Ic  j\  i%^aj\  Tearing,  worrying,  urging, 

disturbing. 
JLcj\    tz^an.    Obedience,   submission. 

InteUigence,  capacity,  inteUect,  judgment. 
^3\  wshaVf   More  or  most  acute,  in- 
"  geniouB,  quick.    See  ^/ J- 


1 


(12) 


t> 


\ 


L^j!  atkiyd  (pL  of  ^J  lajtl),  Acute,  in- 
geniow.    Whtj. 

Jj!  aM»^  (pi.  of  JJ  J  tdtiT),  Abject,  vile, 
iiieaii,oontemptible^laTiBh,WTetched,muenble. 

^j1  tiBfi,  An  ear,  tip  of  the  ear.  A  handle. 
Im,  pennimoDf  leare,  liomoe,  duminion,ooiig6. 

c^U  jt  astnah  (pL  of  i^  J  fnitod).  Tails, 
romps,  pocterion. 

j^Uj^  os^n  (pi.  of  ^  J  uhn\  Oemnses, 
memoriei,  intellects,  capacities. 

J  b  j1  mufdl  (pi.  of  Jj  J  MtT).  Skirta,  tails, 
borders  of  a  garment.    Appendices. 

4j  jl  azlyat,  Oppression,  injury,  damage, 
bait,  wroDg,  loss. 

jiPr^j^  orajlZf  Poems  consisting  of  verses 

called  ^^>-^,  where  the'  cesnra  is  six 
times  repeated. 

f^Mp^\j\  araji/(jl.  ofi3^j\).  Scandal, 
£idse  ramoar. 

io^U  arakhinat  (pl.of  ^^^^jt).  Princes, 
•     archons,  chiefs. 

iCt\j\  irddat,  Desire,  intention,  purpose, 

design,  will,  affection,  inclination. 
Jj\j\  aratil  (pi.  of  J J,^  anw/).  Low, 

mean,  rode  people.    The  vilest  men. 
^^j\  aradl  (pL  of  ^j\  ard),  Lands. 

^}^ttrd^,Shedding,pouringout,  spilling. 
J^l^l  ardmil  (pi.  of  J^j\  armal,  fem. 

4X«;t),  Widowed  in  a  single  state. 
\^  \j\  ardmb  (pLof  c-^^'  ariki*),Hares. 
S^Vj.'  or^^^t  Possessors,  masters,  lords. 

This  word  (which  is  the  plural  of  ^j 

rabbf  lord,  master)  added  to  any  word  signifi- 
cant of  science,  art,  office*  profession,  or  quali- 
fication, denotes  the  endowment  or  possession 

of  it,  as  c^^Jju  L^\)J\,  Superiors, 
conquerors.  [parts. 

^j\  arhd^  (pi.  of  jjj  rubQ,  Fourth 

ifUjS  arha^,  Four. 

j£ac  iMj\  arha^t  ^ashara,  Fourteen. 

\tuj\  arha^,  Thursday. 

f^^j\  arha^Un  (and  ^;-jwj1).  Forty. 

J)j)  Arhdl,  The  ancient  city  of  Arbela 
'*!  Mesopotamia. 


I 


kLj^t  iriibdt^  A  ligament,  oonnezioQ, 
chain.    Friendship. 

JlaT^t  irtijdlf  Speaking  extempore,  off- 
hand.    (J  \_-'-^  cr^-  <J^  ^  "y>»M.3 


iWaf^  JLllLl  fJL>j^  dLr*  When 

I  heard  him  say,  as  he  oonrscd  onward  in  his 
career,  and  gare  rent  to  accents  of  unpre- 
meditated speech.  ^^^^  iriijdlan^ 
tJnthinkingly,  inconsiderately,  etc. 

Jla^t  irtihdl,  To  emigrate,  etc.    Emi- 
gration, departore.    Death. 

i}\jjj\  trtiddd,  Apostacy,  apostatizing, 
becoming  a  renegado. 

/^>mJj\  irtiMidm,  Being  marked  or  re- 
markable. 

\Z*jj\  irtiihd,  Corruption,  subornation, 
bribery ;  receiving  a  bribe. 

LiJjt  trtidd,  Acquiescing,  approving. 
im^\juj\  irticdh,  Being  firightened.  Alarm . 

j\mjJ\  irti^dd.  Trembling,  shaking,  being 
frightened,  disturbed. 

t^\Mj^  irtt^dsh,  Trembling,  trepidation, 
c  \ijj^  ir^f/<Z^,£levation,a8eent,exaltation . 

\ajj\  irtikd,  Going  upwards,  rising.    Ad- 

rancing  in  rank.  Addition,  accession,  increase, 
augmentation,  adrancement,  promotion,  as- 
cending, exaltation. 

i^\i^J\  irtikdb,  To  commit,  etc.     Com- 
nussioa  or  perpetration  (of  a  crime). 

u^Lj^I  artiydhf  To  doubt,  etc.     Doubt, 
uncertainty.  [right. 

i^Ljj\  tr*.  Inheritance,  heritage,hereditary 
^^^  arfawdny  Purple. 
\j^^>'j\  arfawdnl,  Very  red,  deep  red. 
S;«s>>^f  aiyu%at,  A  poem  in  the  measure 

called  >-•  raf%,  where  there  are  six 
pauses  or  cesvras  in  the  line. 

(^\^j\  arhdm  (pi.  of  ^o^  rahm),  Wombs, 

matrices.    See  (t^j- 
Jt»^j\  orAam  (comp.  of  f^^j  rahlm),  More 

or  most  merciful,  ^j^^^^^^-^)^  f'^^ '  ^^® 
most  merciful  of  the  merciftil,  an  attribute 
of  God. 

\^j\  irkhd,  Giving  the  reins,  relaxing. 


^J 


D.t 


(13) 


3J 


\ 


^^j^  orUilJiy  A  prince,  chief,  archon, 

hifrh-print,  patriarch,  abbot,  or  any  chief  of 
Rugion  among  the  eastern  Christians. 

J^'J^i  ArdahU,  A  city  in  Azarbijan 
(Media). 

J  Jul  tarzal  (comp.  of  Jj  J;  razll),  More 
or  mott  mean,  base,  ignoble,  rile. 

jj\  on  (jj  rua),  Eice. 

j^jj\  snak  (pi.  of  ^jj  m^),Biches,  pos- 
sesions, goods,  commoditieB,  effects,  apparel, 
moTables,  prorisions. 

ilfl  anatf  Cedar,    (^^tj^  Anlt'hndn, 

The  cedars  of  Mount  Lebanon.  These  trees, 
vhieh  are  of  so  many  generations,  are  few, 
Qot  more  than  seyen  or  eight;  but  these 
patriarchs  of  the  T^etable  world  are  distin- 
guished by  baring  ronr  or  five  trunks,  each 
equal  to  a  large  tree,  spreadinjg;  from  one  base, 
snd  growing  up  together  to  the  height  of  ten 
or  tvelre  f^  They  are  about  thirty  feet  in 
circmnferenoe.  Besides  theie,  there  are  about 
forty  or  fifty  good-sized  iine-looking  trees, 
s&d  a  great  number  of  smaller  ones,  with 
some  small  pines  amongst  them.  Eyerything 
m  their  actual  appearance  is  calculated  to  6ul^ 
Etantiate  the  truth,  aptness,  and  precision  of 
the  prophecies  concerning  them. 

^j'  ind,  Finn,  immovable.  Fixing,  ren- 
dering firm.  Besolying  firmly  on  anything. 
Landing  at  a  port.  [spatching. 

JL:j\  inaJ,  Expedition,   sending,   de- 
^wtl  ar^&n  (pi.  of  ^^  rasian).  Halters, 
bridles.     See  ^j-*;- 

^\lj\  irsJtdd,  Directing,  showing  the 
rig^bt  way,  conyerting.    Ordering,  guiding. 

^j\  arihad.  Most  npright,  most  tena- 
ci&as  of  the  right  way. 

jmS^a^j]  Arashmidaa,  Archimedes. 
«>«^it  aridd.  Observations  of  the  stars, 

or  of  roads. 
^j\  ord,  The  earth,  ground,  soil,  country, 

region.  Iw  ls.^«>/^  ^J\  l^ji  (^JLJo^ 
u'^,  Flee  with  thy  life  if  tbonmeetest 

vitii  onpreasion,  and  leaye  the  house  to  deplore 
iti  boiUer's  faJbe,  Thou  wilt  find  for  the  land 
that  Ihou  quittest,  another ;  but  no  soul  wilt 
thoa  find  to  replace  thine  own. 

^j^  irdd,  Satisfying,  gratifying,  con- 


j^j\  ardi,  Terrestrial,  earthly,  earthy. 

Jll?^l  aridl  (pi.  of  Jloj  rati).  Pounds  of 

twelve  ounces.    Weights  of  800  drachms  or 
dirhems.    It  yaries  in  different  places. 

(^■^rjl  arghab,  More  or  most  desirous, 
coyetous.  [pleasant,  affluent. 

S£j\  arffhadf  More  or  most  commodious, 
^^\  arffhun,  A  musical  organ. 

^jUj^  ar/(!^,*  Companies,  societies,  com- 
mittees, assemblies.     See  (J^j> 

^j\  arfa^,  More  or  most  high,  sublime, 
exalted.     See 


/^\jj\  arkdm  (pi.  of  jjsj  rakam),  Arith- 
metical figures ;  written  characters.  Diplomas, 
commands. 

j^l^jl  irkdn,  To  have  confidence,  to  rely 
upon,  to  trust.      ^^  CXi  L^  vi  ^ 

_A^^  idli  uli  Cic.^^,  There  is  none 

in  thy  time  whose  friendship  thou  shouldst 
coyet ;  nor  any  intimate  who,  when  fortune  is 
treacherous,  will  be  faithful.  Liye  then  apart, 
and  rely  upon  no  man ;  I  haye  giyen  thee,  in 
these  words,  good  advice,  and  sufficient. 

^J^j^  ark&n]  Columns,  pillars,  supports, 
props,  posts.     See  ^^j  ruhn.     ^^j\ 

(•.ri;s}\  arkdn  al  karh,  The  staff  of  an 

army. 
f^^j\  arkun,   Chiefs,  princes,  heads  of 

religious  bodies.  [javelins,  lances. 

-U;^  armah  (pi.  of  f^j  rumh),  Spears, 

f^\*^j\  arfngaharif  A  present,  gift,  dona- 
tion, offering.  [celibacy. 
^j\  amud,  Widowed,   in  a  state  of 

^c^^  Armani^  An  Armenian.  The 
Armenians  living  in  the  Ottoman  Empire  are 
all  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Patriarch  of 
Constantinople,  while  those  who  are  estab- 
lished in  Russia,  Persia,  and  the  other  parts 
of  Asia,  acknowledge  the  supremacy  of  the 
Patriarch  of  Etchmiadzin,  situated  in  Western 
Armenia,  near  Mount  Ararat. 

<JU-^  1^  ArmanlyaK  Armenia. 

i^^j\  amah,  A  hare.  [minds. 

A^\  anvah   (pi-  of  ^^  roh).  Spirits, 


u 


(14) 


\ 


A\tu\  ArtDdm,  Greeks. 

,^^\  arwa\  Aasnagiog  thirst. 

-b^l  arycth  (pi.  of  ^j  rU),  Winds. 

^\ij\  aryaf  (pi.  of  <*-Wj  rl/),  Well 

cultiyated,  planted,  improTed  (groandfl) ;  plen- 
tiful (countries). 

j\j\  izar^  A  veil  of  fine  linen  or  muslin, 

which,  in  the  East,  flows  from  tl^e  ladies'  heads 
to  below  the  middle  of  the  le^. 

fX>'i^j\  izdahdm,   A  concourse,   crowd, 
press,  throng,  mob,  multitude. 

IjJjl  izdird,   Scorn,  contempt,  disdain, 
indignation,  contumely. 

j\jj\  awdr,  Buttons,  buckles. 
^jj\  azrak  (fern.  \jjj  zarkd),  Blue. 

i3j\  caikkatf   Streets,   places,  squares, 
courts,  lanes,  alleys. 

Lfjl  aatkiffd  (pi.  of  ^j  %akl),  Good,  just, 

virtuous,  ingenuous  (men). 
Jjt  a%al,  Eternity  (having  no  beginning, 

JjI  implying  eternity,  without  end). 

^lj\  azalif  God.  Eternity,  eternal,  eter- 
"  nally.    Name  of  an  author. 

i^j\  azaltyat,  Life  everlasting,  eternal 
existence. 

Ji:^j\   uzminat    (pi.   of   f^^^J    saman), 
Times,  ages. 

^\^j\  azwaj  (pi.  of  -rjy  zauf),  Spouses, 
consorts,  pairs,  couples. 

J^j^  afMr  (pi.  of  ^^  skiAr),  Flowers. 

ij^  j\ibj\  \:J\:^  ^j  />   hu8tcL  nind 
azhar  katirah.  There  are  many  flowers  in  our 

garden.     j\jbji\  c-^^a^  ^yli)l  bjJb 

hatih  al  khatun  tahib  alazhar.  This  lady  is 
fond  of  flowers. 

jJbj\  azhar,  Bright,  brilliant,  splendid, 
shining,  clear,  evident. 

jjwT  d8,  The  myrtle. 

^^\  uss,  A  foundation,  basis. 

S'LiI  asd-at  and  isd-at,  An  offence. 

wjL}1    asdbU    (pi.    of    ^^fwf   asbu^, 
Weeks. 

w^Li!  asdjl^  Khymes,  cadences. 

4^^L»1  Mdra*  (pi.  of^^l  <iMlr),  Captives, 
slaves,  prisoners. 


[mancea. 


(jmL)\  OBdB,  A  foundation,  basis.    ^jj^\ 

JLjImJI  (Foundation  of  rule),  a  book 

on  political  government. 
Fundamental. 

^^L)l    asdtlrt    Fabulous  histories,   ro< 

JiLsf  MdJUf  The  inferiors,  the  lower 
class,  the  most  infamous ;  mean,  stupid  (people). 

^La^  asdkifa  (pi.  of  t^jiiLsl),  Bishops. 
c-.^L«!  aedlih,  Modes,  manners,  ways. 
w«L>t  asdmt^,  Ears,  hearing. 
^^L)l  asdmi  (pi.  of  AM)^  im),  ITames. 

Ju;L}\  asdnldf  Allegations  on  the  autho- 
rity of  another.    Imputations,  attributes. 

j^\J[  asdwir,  Bracelets. 

c^LmjI  ashdh  (pi.  of  {^  ^»»»^  iahah\ 
Causes,  motives,  arguments,  reasons,  incen- 
tives, stimulatives.  Modes,  ways,  manners. 
Instruments,    utensils,    apparatus. 


means. 


Clothes,    apparel,    effects,  movables,   foods, 
furniture.  [Israel. 

S^Lmi!  ashdt  (pi.  of  k^a  8tbt),  Tribes  of 
9y^^  ashu^f  A  week.    ^^^^\  ashu^, 

weekly.      ^^\  JU^  jumdl  as- 

bu^f  A  weekly  newspaper. 

u^^^l  ist,  The  buttocks,  hips,  backside, 
anus,  fundament. 

j\i^l  tutdd,  A  master,  teacher,  tutor. 
An  artificer,  manufacturer,  an  artisan.  Inge- 
nious, excellent,  celebrated,  famed  for  any  art 
or  work  of  ingenuity. 

^L::mmo1  tstihdhatf  Permitting  one  to  pur- 
sue his  own  inclinations.         [pendent  power. 

jIju:^.^}!  istibddd,   Absolute  and  inde- 

JLVi'ImiI  utibddl,  Changing,  exchang- 
ing, desuring  to  change.   To  change,  exchange. 

^LumS^I  utihshdr,   Eejoicing  at  or  an- 
nouncing good  news. 

j\^^\  utibsdr,  Considering  with  atten- 
tion, looking,- seeing,  examining. 

IL^r^^    istihtd,     Delaying,     expecting. 

Waiting  with  impatience.    Deeminf  any  oAe 
to  be  late,  to  be  slow.    Being  slow,  dull,  lazy. 

Jl,fi*riyirf^  istiskdl,  Deeming  any  one  a 
bore,  and  showing  it. 

Ui:Ld\  istimd,  Exception,  distinction. 

^l=sXi«}f  fstifdhat,  Hearing,  receiving  a 

petition.    Giving  an  answer.    Accepting,  oon« 
senting. 


,\ 


(15) 


\ 


ij\sxJ  iUfSr^kf  Hiring,  renting.    Im- 
plorin^  protectiQii,  asking  asdstanoe. 

j;l^Ll  ktijasak.  Asking  leave,  solicil- 

ljIsLI  Mfldh,  Attraction.    Carrying 
coBck  aad  other  cattle. 

^L^mI  iitikidn.  Approving,  prauing, 
tolkiaf,  or  oaoB^rnng  aa  a  &Toor. 

JL^t  iitihsdl,  Aoqoiiing,  collecting, 


jIsaJ  idAddr,  Calling,  citing  to  ap- 

pcv,  wmnnoning  before. 

^tU^cut  istiJUcarf    Despising,  vilifying, 
ieonoD^,  tretting  with  contempt. 

J^isLi\ulMdkf  Merit,  capacity,  worth, 
ikill,  ability,  genina. 

•iAJtitihkdmy  Strength, defence,  cor- 
'  nbortiioii,  ccmfirmation,  fortifying,  adTancing, 
prooiotiBg,  leaixing,  strengthening. 

i^lscut  iitihld/.    Adjuring,   swearing 
Kdemnlj,  causing  another  to  swear. 

Jl^Lil  isiihldl.  Considering  or  making 
Infal,  vishiog  a  tiling  lawfhL 

IL^I  utthmdl^  Toleration.    Desiring 


to  ben,  carry,  or  take  upon  one's  self;  desiring 
tBotba  to  do  anything.  Patience,  resignation. 

/t^iaO^rfl  ittkhddm.  Employing,  making 
ae  of  the  labour  of  another. 

^jsLt\  iitikhrajt  Extracting,  drawing 

cfat,  eansing  to  oome  forth,  coming  finm  a 
j^iceorcoantary. 

,/lkul  UtikkldMf  Setting  at  liberty, 
^aam^  to  liberate,  procuring  liberty. 

^j^c^\  uiidrdk.  Comprehending,  con- 

coring,  andentanding,  reaching,  eaaalling, 
oTcrtakiiig,  arriving,  obtaining,  wisnine  to 
CQBpr^end,  obtain,  etc.   JEtestoiing,  menung. 

'^<Xi^\  itiid^d.  Petitioning,  requesting 
nbauMTely,  entreating. 

^ix^\  iitidldl,  A  demonstration,  ar- 
ZODcat,  proof.  Perceiring,  collecting  or 
oawiag  arguments  from.  Asung  the  reason. 

^^^\  itiirdhat,  Quiet,  rept,  repose, 
slwp,  peace,  tranqmUity.  Pausing. 

^/md]  ittHjd,  Petitioning,  begging,  sup- 
plaiting,  asking,  reqnestiDg,  desiring. 

^•>^\  tiiirfd^.  Asking  or  taking  back 
the  whole  or  part  of  anything  once  given. 

^J^\  iiiirddd.  Demanding  restitution 

^  tajtbam^,  whether  giTen,  deposited  in  trust, 
« taktt  without  consent. 


b  J^^  Uiiridiydf  An  oyster. 
U^l  utir^t  To  commit  some  one  to 
the  care  of  another,  u^  jJl  ^y;L«>f  ^ 

aJJ?  Jkii  *jJL!f ,  He  who  commits  the 

sheep  to  the  care  of  the  wolf  does  wrong 
(commits  an  act  of  injustice).  [slayery. 

^j^Ji  utirldk,  Captivity,  reducing  to 

U,M,.a>#)^  utUkd,  The  dropsy. 

ij\JiA2^\  istishdrat,  Consulting,  asking 
advice,  deliberating  with  another,  standing  in 
need  of  advice. 

clLlzUrff  utishfit^f  Asking,  imploring, 
begging,  intercession. 

i»\4iur>*«i^  utithmdn,  A  small  percep- 
tion ;  perceiving  in  a  slight  degree. 

j\^<Mr«iirfl  Utuhhddy  Taking  evidence, 
summoning  witnesses,  bringing  testimony  or 
proof.    Fuling  a  martyr  for  religion. 

(^V5^^^^\  %$t%B'hdh,  Associating  with, 
becoming  sociable  or  fiimiliar,  wishing  for  the 
company  of  any  person. 

jljLidCUrfl  iitisghdr.  Despising,  holding  in 
small  estimation,  considering  with  contempt. 

i^\y»a^  utiswdb,  Approving,  thinking 
well  of,  esteeming  right.    To  approve. 

^Iki^^  isiiidhat,  Approbation,  relishing, 
liking,  taking  well,  finding  agreeable. 

^LfUaiUjI  utitd'^t,  Power,  possibility, 
capability,  capacity. 

k:\JbBi^\  istitrdd,  A  digression. 
JUsiLdt  istiddlf  Sitting  in  the  shade. 
^\^lr;...il  iathhdrf  Seeking  for  protection. 

SjIjcLmi^  isti^%atf  Asking  protection, 
calling  for  help. 

ij\fc^\  isti^dt,  Borrowing.  Using  a 
word  metaphorically.    A  metaphor. 

JgU:.^!  unknot.  Asking  assistance,  im- 
ploring help.  [subjecting. 

jLjii>*i\  uti^hddf  Beducing  to  slavery, 

j\m^  isttc-hdr,   Taking  an   example, 

and  being  edified  by  it.  [der,  surprise. 

c^Ls-*^l  uti^'db,  Astonishment,  won- 

Jljs*-^!  uti^'dl,  Hastening,  accelerat- 

iuj^,  ordering  one  to  make  hasta,  impelling, 
stimulating,  despatching  any  business  soon, 
dressing  meat  qmckly ;  wishing  to  make  haste. 

jIjjCi^    itti^dddf     Skill,    knowledge, 


\ 


(16) 


\ 


geniw,  aptitude,  capacity,  difpostion^  merit, 
worth.  A  state  of  preparatioiL  An  indina- 
tion,  tendencj,  preoupodtioiL  Katonl  dis- 
position. 

uJUajCM*^  uti^f,  Conciliating  the  &- 

▼our  of  any  one,  obtaining  their  good  gnees. 
Insinnating  one's  self  into  the  good  opinion  of 
another. 

^Hajc*.^^    itti^wdm,     Becoming    prond, 

ConceiTinsr  highly  of,  esteeming  greatly,  ad- 
miring.   KespecL 

\ijCm^\  istiffd.  Asking  pardon  or  abaola- 

tion.  A  request  to  be  sanerseded  in  olBoe,  a 
resignation;  to  beg  to  oe  allowed  to  qnit 
office.  [adriee,  or  news. 

i%]Lc^^  uii^m,    Asking   information, 

JUjcuiI  isU^m&l,  Use,  usage,  custom. 

^Us;m>^  uti^hdtah,  Imploring  succour, 
begging  aadstance. 

(^\Jc^\  Utighr&h,   Great  admiration, 

amazement,  wonder.  Being  struck  with 
surprise. 

\iJG^\  utighfir,  Bepentance,  depreca- 
tion, asking  forgireness,  desiring  that  anything 

may  be  pardoned.  dlHj  a  r;.,i^.  May 
God   pardon,  heayen    avert,  God  preserre. 

fci>UlLiJ\  lii-  ^\  i:Li\j^\,  And 

we  ask  thy  forgiveness  should  our  frailty  be- 
tray us  into  ambiguities,  as  we  ask  thy  for- 
giveness should  our  steps  advance  to  the  verge 
of  improprieties. 

\JcmJ,  utighna,  Being  contented,  in  want 
of  nothing,  wealthy,  independent.  Not  being 
in  want.  Accounting  one's  self  firee  from  wan^ 
and  therefore  contemning  things. 

ifj\ii«d\  utifddat,  Profit,  advantage, 
emolument,  gain.  Gaining,  reaping  the  frnits. 
Utility.  [learned  man). 

\\i\»A  uti/td,  Consulting  (a  lawyer  or 

c|^,i2«A\  iitifrdghf  Yomiting,  eracuating, 
rejecting. 

Jku*hm^  iitifidr^  Asking  an  explanation, 
informing  one's  self,  inquiring. 

^IfKLrft  istifhdm,  An  interrogation.  De- 
siring to  know  or  to  be  taught,  informing  one's 
self  by  asking  questions. 

L9\xi^\  utikdmatj  Rectitude,  sincerityi 
integrity,  fidelity,  truth,  purity  of  intention, 
religion.  Standing  erect,  remaining,  rising  up, 
aetug  uprighUy.    Fortitude,  resolution. 


-.Lii^l  w^tittdA,  Detesting,  hating.  Dis- 
approving, abhorring.  , 

^Lii^f  itiMdl,  Encountering,  going 
against,  turning  upon.    Going  to  meet. 

■)  jCL^sf  uttirdr.  Confirmation,  ratifica- 


tion, establishment,  stoppbg,  staying,  resting, 
dwelling,  seftUng,  fixing  a  residence,      [lend. 

^\Jbm»\  istikrdd^  Borrowing,  asking  to 
JiaSc^  Mikidr,  Distilling,  dropping. 

JlSi^i^t    utiUdJ,    Sovereign  authority, 

absolute  dominion,    plenipotentiary   powers, 
unlimited  commission,  independence. 

j\Jc^\  iitHbdr,  To  choose  the  largest. 
To  be  proud. 

jllC-L,»1  Mihar,  Conceiving  that  there 
is  a  great  deal,  using  a  Isige  quantity. 

9\Jismi\  iitihrdh,  Abhorrence,  abominat- 
ing, disdaining,  despising,  contemning,  doing 
a  £ing  reluctantiy.    Hating. 

uJluJc^t  utMidf,  An  effort  or  ques- 
tion made  to  elucidate  a  matter. 

JUicLrfl  istikmdl,  Completion,  bringing 

to  perfection,  wishing  anything  finished,  per- 
fected, completed. 

j\  jJa^\  uiihdz.  Considering  as  delicate, 

elegant,  agreeable.    Being  delighted,  pleased. 
Tasting,  relishing,  admiring. 

cUo^l  iittmd^,  Listening,  hearing. 

iDU^Mit  utimdlat.  Conciliating,  encou- 
raging, gaining  the  favour  of  any  one. 

ftlr>^^»l  utimtd^,  Enjoying. 

jIj^'Uj^  utimddd,  Asking  supplies,  sub- 
sidies, aid,  assistance. 

j\j^^s^\  ittimrdr,  Perseverance,  continua* 
tion,  persisting,  constancy.    Proceeding,  goings 

on.    Prolongation.     ^Ix  -4SwmJ  ^"i^^ 

(^^3  <-^^  L5^J^  ^J^^^^^  ^^^^ 

How  long^wilt  thou  persevere  in  dilution,  and. 
reUsh  the  pasture  of  oppression  ?  How  lon^ 
wilt  thou  be  extreme  in  thy  contumacy  aao, 
persist  unceasingly  in  thy  profligacy  P 

Jlf^c^^  istimhdl,  Asking  a  delay,  wish*- 
ing  for  a  term  or  respite. 

jl:c«jf  tsttndd,  Leaning  against j  support- 
ing one's  self,  or  depending  upon  anything. 

tlwCLMdl  utinbdt,  Deducing,  inferring. 


k.t 


(17) 


JJ 


jl^UL^l  Mtjdi,  Asking  assiBtance  or 

pioteetkik 
JziiJ  idmtdj.  Drawing  a  condoflion. 

Ait^  iiimidkk,  Taking   a  oopj  in 

vxitiog  (of  t  book).  [an  enemj. 

)\4::Ld^  itimdr,  Soliciting  aid  against 

jlo::^!  iOnUdi,  Interrogating,  inter- 
rogstorj.  [disdaining. 

ljIC;:;^]  ittifddf,  Befhsing,  rejecting, 

^!firfl  Mnhdd,  Exciting,  ronsing,  or- 
iam^  one  to  rise  op  (to  do  anjrthing). 

1^1  istwd,  The  being  eqoal,  parallel. 

EqoaHtj,  parallelity.    \fJi\  li^,  The 
equator.  [joke,  jest 

^jfJi  uUhd,  Dwisian,  laughing  at,  a 
JlfLil  idOdOlf  Appearing  (as  the  new 

bood). 
jla^l  iftydr.  Hiring,  renting. 

li 


gi^i^^l  if  Aid/,    Destroying,    erasing, 

nmh^,  oidicating,  polling  np  by  the  roots, 
aifinaisiting,  extirpating. 

e\lij  iifikaz,  Watching,  awakening. 

^^ittUd,  Victory,   superiority,  con- 
qoot,  dtnimioii,  power,  authority. 

^ys^]  ujd^,  Bhymesy  cadences. 
^jS-"  saUo',  More,  most  liberaL 
l^c^l  oiiAyd,  Liberal  (men.)  See 
•^1  atai,  A  lion.     The  sign  Leo. 
IsJ  uiUfat,  Warps. 
J*'  a»,  Taking  prisoner,  binding.     Uir, 

Ciptinty. 

J  fuard,  GaptiTes.     See  j^^^J . 
J  J  urdr  (pL  of  j^  iirr),  Secrets, 

Bpteries. 

't    1    - 

^^t  t«rd/.  Prodigality,  dissipation, 
»i«se  of  wealth. 

^  aara^,  More  or  most  swift.     See 


to-- 


sJ  ittahl,  A  stable  for  horses. 
/=-'  aiiiir,  Lines,  strings,  rows.     See 

7=-.  JaJ^  ixij\  i^^f\^  /^^\,  I  have 

*^^  four  lines  to-day. 
V*j4-1  tuUtrldh,  An  astrolabe. 
^  fj  Uit^wanah,  A  portico  supported 


by  pillars.  du^jaJi\  J>t,  Followers 
of  the  Stoics.  [blessing,  &Toiiring. 

c\jua\  ii^dd,  Making  happy  or  prosperous, 

j\jua\  M^r,  Prices.    See^^jiMi. 

Sx>^\  as^,  If  ore  or  most  happy.  c!/Aa,,il 

^f ,  May  Qod  make  you  happy ! 

4.jLit  asaf,  Anger,  veiation,  anguish, 
chagrin. 

j\iu>\  Mfdr  (pi.   ^i  y^  i*/r\  Books, 
Tolnmes.    Jonmeyi,  trarels. 

Ji«dl  aa/al,  Inferior,  the  lowest.  iju\ 
ttifalanj  Below,  under. 

.4fJi<^\  ufunj,  A  sponge.  Tripoli  supplies 

the  best  quality  of  sponge  in  Syria. 

^^l^Lisf  lifahdf^  Ispahan,  the  capital  of 
Persian  Irak  (the  ancient  Parthia). 

-^IjuLjt  isfidajt  CernsOi  a  paint  used 
by  women. 

)o\slJ\  iskdt,  Causing  one  to  falL  Mis- 
carrying. To  make  a  subtraction  in  arith- 
metic ;  to  make  a  discount  in  commerce. 

u,fl5..t\  uskuf  (pi.  4iiL)l),  A  bishop. 

^^j^\  uk&ryiin,  Germander  (plant). 

uJlCal  ukdft  A  shoemaker. 

^Idl  iskdn,  Causing  one  to  stay,  re- 
main, continue  to  dwelL 

^jtX:Sm^\  IsiandarUn,  Alezandretta,  near 

Aleppo,  in  Syria  (Scanderoon).  The  ancient 
Alexandria  aa  Issus,  the  last  town  of  Cilicia. 
It  is  the  natural  port  of  Aleppo.  From  the 
beginning  of  May  to  the  end  of  September 
the  heat  is  oppressiTC,  but  sojourning  here  in 
the  winter  is  very  agreeable.  The  marshes 
of  Alexandretta  are  of  recent  formation,  and 
are  generally  attributed  to  two  small  springs 
which  issue  from  under  some  rocks  about  a 
mile  from  the  town  to  the  south,  and  not 
finding  a  passage  through  the  channels  oriein- 
aUy  cut  to  carry  off  their  superabunaant 
waters  to  the  sea,  have  gradually  spread  oyer 
the  low  ground,  and  formed  a  pestiferous 
swamp.  It  is  evident  to  eyery  one  who  sees 
the  place,  that  a  judicious  system  of  drainage 
is  all  that  is  required  to  render  it  what  it 
formerly  was — a  comparatiyely  healthy  spot. 
The  bay  of  Alexandretta  is  the  safest  anchor- 
a^  on  the  whole  coast  of  Syria,  and  it  can 
giye  good  shelter  to  the  greatest  nayy  in  the 
world.  [Bgypt. 

jjjtxJLwA  likandarlyahy   Alexandria,  in 

(i^l^^  addff  Ancestors,  remote  or  ancient 
kindred.  One*s  nearest  relations  or  allies. 
The  husbands  of  a  man's  wife's  sisters.  Itlof^ 
Paying  before  due,  or  in  adyanoe. 

2 


^\ 


(18) 


s^\ 


a)LI  Mdtn,  The  true  or  orthodox  faith 

among  the  Mahometans.  Obedience  to  the 
will  or  God,  Bubmisrion,  humbling  one's  self. 
The  Mnhammadan  religion,  islamism ;  the 
Muhammadan  church  or  oommunity. 

aUII  Jj^f  ahl  d  iildmy  thfi  members  of 

the  Mnhammadan  religion,   a  Mnssulman. 

/XJi\j^iJ^  iheykh-tU-uUim,  The  elder 

of  the  Muhammadan  church,  the  chief  legist 

aadjnristof  theTurkishempire.  ^^^^SLit 
M^m7,0f  or  pertaining  to  the  Mussulman  fidth. 

Sisr^\  asUhat,  Military  arms.   See  JLa* 

4»j'jL»l  Uilnhy  Order,  way,  mode,  means, 

measure,  manner,  method,  form.  \f^\ 
utluban^  Methodically. 

m1  iitn,  A  name,  noun.  ij\JL'i\  j^\  umul 
iiAdraA,Ademon8traliTe  pronoun.  f^\ 
Jbclill  iwnidfd^Uy  The  pa^ciple  active. 
J^aL«11  AMil  wmul  tnaf^l,  The  parti- 
ciple passive.  J  JuaJI  AMit  iitnul  nuudar, 
The  infinitiye  or  noun  of  action. 

Uwl  Mtnd  (pi.  of  j^\  Mm),  ITames,  at- 
tributes of  God.       ^ 

^^1  otmaTf  Brown,  tawny,  dusky. 

^^\  astnan,   More  or  most  fisit,  jolly, 

plump,  gross,  lusty.  .See  ^;:^(w• 

oLm»1  un&df  Imputing,  attributing, 
charging,  accusing,  arraigning,  impeaching. 

^Ixyal  OMdn  (pl.>  of  ^^  iinn),  Teeth. 
Spears,  jarelins,  the  points  of  speaxs. 

i:»^\  atinnat,  Points  of  spears,  halberds, 
lances,  jayelins,  or  arrows. 

^yujf  atna*,  More  or  most  high,  sublime. 

j\^\  uiwdr  (pi.   of  jj-i  «flr),  Walls. 
Itwar,  A  bracelet. 

]0\yJi  oiwdt,  Scourges,  whips* 
j\y^\  Mwdk  (pi.  of  jya  tHk),  Strscts, 
marketplaces,  squares.  ,«M*ijci  vj:^^ 


(JULc,  And  I  said  within  myself,  I 

will  arise,  and  go  through  some  of  the  market 
streets,  and  see  the  state  (of  the  trade) ;  so  I 
took  some  stuff,  and  made  some  of  my  serrants 
carry  it. 


JjMil  (uwadp  Bkck,  blacker,  blackest. 

ifjyJS  OBtotrat,  Bracelets. 

c^jl^l  is-hdb,  Talkativeness,  garrolit}^. 

Jlfyjl  U-hdl,  Loosening,  opening,  pnrg* 
ing,  lubricating,  facilitating.  [darts. 

i*lfi«jl  oi'hdm  (pi.  of  m^  $ahm),  Arrows, 
JfNdl  as'hal,  More  or  most  easy.   J^M^aiT 

\j^  ,j/^\  *ih  tSt  It  is  much  easier 

to  procure  books  in  Europe  than  it  is  in  the 
East. 

j^\  Mfr,  A  captive,  prisoner,  slave. 

(J^l  asil  (or  ^lLi.>Oi  A  flux  of  water. 

^1  ash  (or  (jmjO,  How  ?  what  ?  what 
thing  ?  in  what  manner  P  for  what  P  is  it  not  P 

Cj3U.  ^\,  How  do  you  do?  what 
is  your  situation  P  (N.B. — ^This  is  a  contraction 

from  L<&4^^  Off  ihff,  What  thing,  as  in 
the  following  sentence :   c^Ji  ^  ^Jji 

C^UjI.  And  the  heart  of  the  old  woman 

was  moTed  with  compassion  for  him,  and  his 
weeping  and  lamenting  grieyed  her.  She  said 
then  unto  him :  O  my  son,  and  whst  is  in  this 
paper,  that  it  has  maae  thee  weep  ?) 

CjfjLll  iihdrdt  (pi.).  Signs,  etc. 

ij\j^\  ishdrat  (or  lfj\j^\),  A  sign,  token p 
mark,   signal,    nod,  w«Te   with  the   hand. 

j^\  To  point  outy  show,  to  make  a 
signal,  hint,  intimate. 

l£\j^\  uhd^ah,  Publication,  divulging-, 
difftiaing,  spreading  about  or  abroad. 

•.LmiI  ashhdh  (pi.  of  ,^Cit  ihdbh),  Bodies. 
jL^f  athhdr  (pi.  of^^).  Palms,  spans. 
&IJ«1  ishbd^f  Satiating,  satisfying. 

JLmiI  ashbdl,  The  whelps  of  a  lion  or 
other  wild  beast. 

\l^\fsJ^\  uhtihdk,  Confusion,  mixture. 

i\^sJ^  \  uhtihdh,  Doubt,  ambiguity.   Com  - 
parison,  similitude,  resemblance. 

j\jcJ«l  Mtiddd,  Fortifying,  confirming*, 
strengthening.     Firmness,  vehemence^  forc^^ 

violence.  ULiSl  ^ly\^(^ 


J  vtr^l  jlLJ?  Jri^jl j1  ^^^1 

Ittxrl,  I  hsre  picked  op  from  the 

Mftflf  Aelemed  and  H^es,  and  deriTed 
TO  tk  pnoepte  of  the  wue,  that  it  is  the 
^iTthe  prademt  asd  iBteUigeat  gtnmgery 
i^ohe  CDtcn  aaj  new  town,  to  ffain  the 
iMkSf  of  ill  jooga*  and  eeoore  hia  good- 
vO;  thai  he  BMj  fiMrtiiy  himeelf  in  caae  of 
litifatuo,  tad  he  taib  in  a  foreign  land  from 
tk  i^oMiet  of  its  ndoa  and  offioen. 

C^l  itktirtUt,  Company,  partDerghipi, 
pptiri|iifioa,iociety,anteringintopagtnefihip. 

Jlc^l  Mftj^d/,  Bamisg,  inflaming, 
eaflagntioB,  hf^iting  a  fire  or  candle. 

J^«^(  fiA^ih^Ad/,  Ooenpation. 

J^l  M^ildi,  Deriyation  of  one  name 
fam  tnoflier.  [raooming,  reproach. 

^^MOd,  Lunentatioii,  complaint, 

^^4^1  MsHtf^  (Sompi^eBnon,  eon- 
tabuBg,  embracing.     Bee  Jlcumi^. 

If-'  itkHhd,   Appetite,   demre,   wish. 


19) 


;lf-l  uhtihdr,  Eame,  renown,  celebrity, 
'"Nation.    Pnblieatiim,  diTol^ng.     To  be- 

ttoc  celebrated.     1 1'  ir^  i  f  .^^  l^J 

C/^tyL  J^^<  U/i  jLJI  J  ^Li^ 

^^  her  beauty  1>ecame  celebrated,  and  her 
^  ^iread  throughont  the  sorroanding  coan- 
^  all  Ae  king!  aent  to  her  father  to  reqaeet 
^of  him  in  marriage,  and  he  consulted  her, 
*«  bad  a  eooTenation  with  her  about  the 
jBfTia^  bot  she  disUked  it,  and  said  to  her 
«*e,  0  fitther,  I  hare  no  wish  at  all  to  marry. 

J^l  Miydk,  Viflh,  longing  desire  to 

*e  any  abeent  person  or  thing.  jtJ*!, 
He  vi^  lie  doiied,  he  longed  fbr.  Todesire. 
;<l«Vfir,  Trees.  ^^IJ^-^LW^^*' 
J;^  ^  ^dr  dihhai  /I  an  tawarrik, 
"<  tnei  ire  beginning  to  be  ootered  with 


\ 


f  I  M^Vf^ol  (pi.).  Intrepid,  strong. 

^Ji\i^\  athkhdi,  Persons,  bodies,  indi- 

▼idiuds,  shapes,  figures.     See  ^/oas^, 

Jl&i  Mhadd,  More  or  most  vehement, 
strong,  bold,  serere. 

\jj^\   oihiddd    (pi.).   Strong,  intrepid, 
brarei  gallant,  bdd,  Tehement,  riolent,  aerere, 

rigotoQB.    See  Ju  Jl««. 

jl  Jj^l  oihddk,  The  corners  of  the  mouth, 
those  parts  of  the  oheeka  which  are  nearest  to 

the  mouth.    See  JJ^. 
t»\  Oiharr,  Worse,  worst    See^^. 


j\jJ^\  athrdr  (pi.),  Wicked,  wretched, 
criminal,    rinfol,   seditious,  rebellions.     See 

u^l^tdiAra/,  Nobles,  grandees.  i-,,^ja3 

uJ|/Jt  tioMuP  athrdf,  The  chief  of 

tiie  nobles.  Title  of  an  oflker  of  high  rank, 
who  is  ohai]^  at  Constantinople  with  a 
certain  jurisdiction  in  matteiv  relating  to  the 
pedigree  and  pririleges  of  the  descendants  of 
Muhammad. 

j\jj^\  Mtdk,  Bisiag  (of  the  sun),  shin- 
ing, flashing,  dassUng,  being  brilliant. 

\li)^\  Mrdh,  Giying  companions  to 
God.  [ngoB,  symps. 

^j^\  a^hnbatf  Drinks,  potions,   beve- 

i^jJL\  aihraff  More  or  most  noble.    ^ 

c1ni^v-J^1  Ail  aahraf  minnak,  Ee*is 

nobler  than  you.  't_q^  A  cjL^t  Jh 
hu  athraf  §harlf,  He  is  the  most  noble  among 

nobles.   sS^^  cr^lfyh^  man  hu  al 

athrafbginakum.  Who  ii  lihe  most  noble  among 

you  ?     ^  a\j\^  if^^^  ^^<  cuJUi 

^y^)  ^jj^  ^A^3  ^v^j^^3  f  ^^d 

she  addressed  the  judge  in  these  terms :  May 
God  protect  the  judge !  May  he  nerer  cease 
to  be  the  reconcuiator  of  disputants !  I  am, 
my  lord,  of  the  noblest  origin,  and  of  the 
purest  descent;  my  matemu  and  paternal 
uncles  are  the  most  distinguished  of  tne  land. 

jU^l  ash^r,  Poesy,  poems,  verses. 

fJ\xJ^\  iah^l,  Setting  on  fire,  kindlin^ 
inflaming. 


\ 


(20) 


k^l 


ti\  ashlar,  Hairy.      More  intelligent, 
more  happily  poetical. 
lxJ^\  ashi^^h,  Eays^  sunbeams.  Lights, 

brilliances,  splendours.    See  9^^< 

JU^l  aahffhdlf  Affairs,  ocoupatioDS,  busi- 
nesses, cares,  employments. 

j\aJL\  ashfar,  Edges  of  the  eyelids. 

^iLlt  ishfdk,  Compassionating,  pitying, 

condoline,  commiserating.    Aahfak,  Compas- 
sions.   Crepuscoles,  twilights. 

^J-ll  a8hfa\   More  or  most  powerful, 

'efficacious,  medicinal,  or  salutary.   See 

^\  ashkoTf  Of  a  fine  bright  red.    Fair. 
LLII  ashkiyd    (pi.).    Poor,   miserable, 
wretched.     See  i^A-i». 

\LL\  ishkd,  Complaining,  mourning,  la- 
menting. 

JlLl\  ashkal,  Forms,  figures,  shapes. 
See  jLl. 

(Z^UJ^t  ishmat,  Bejoicing  (at  the  mis- 
fortune of  another).    See  L::.*w«tji. 

^}aJ^\  ashmal,  More  or  most  complete, 
nniyersal,    surpassing,    transcendent.       See 

^U^i  tishndn,  The  herb  alkali,  and  the 
ashes  which  are  made  from  it^  with  which  they 
wash  clothes. 

xi»\  ashna^,  Deformed,  ugly,  hideous. 

More  or  most  vile,  shocking,  etc.    See 


^l^t  ashwdk,  Desires,  affections,  pas- 
sions, propensities.    See  |J^« 

^^\  ashwas,.  Squint-eyed.     One  who 

contracts  his  eyes  and  knits  his  hrows,  in  order 
-     to  look  more  steadily. 

ti\^\  ash'hdd,  Witnesses,  such  as  have 

been  present,  eyewitnesses.     lahhad,  Taking 
to  witness,  attesting,  bringing  prooL     See 

j^\  aah'har,  More  or  most  celebrated, 

known.     See^;^  andji^fl.^. 
^^flf  ash-ha^  More  or  most  desirous. 

u^l  a«Ay£(,ThingB,clothes,  effects.  See^^^ 


^[»a\  isdhat,  Eeotitude,  justness.  Speak- 
ing properly,  conceiTin^  well,  hitting  the 
mark.    Overtaking,  reachmg,  arriving  at.  To 

be  afflicted  with.     \^j\  UU  ^1  ^ 
jSU^  ij/Ls,  \^  ^jj  ^Wfj  '^^^ 

,::^\  VI  ^1^  j.^.^  C^^\ 

^y^,  Her  father  then  conveyed  her 

into  an  apartment,  and  there  confined  her,  ap- 
pointing ten  old  women  as  watch  women  to 
guard  ner,  and  forbidding  her  to  enter  the 
seven  palaces ;  and  he  made  it  appear  that  he 
was  incensed  against  her,  and  sent  letters  to 
all  the  kings,  mforming  them  that  she  was 

afflicted  with  insanity.    See  S-''!^* 

v^jL^I  asdht^  or  ^:»^l^^  asdhi^  (pi.  of 

^^),  Fingers. 

wr^lyl  asdlat,  Nobility  of  extraction. 
The  quality  of  bein^  the  real  officer,  and  not 
the  temporary  substitute. 

4^Ue^\  a$-hdh,  Lords,  possessors,  mas- 
ters.    Friends,  companions,  intimates.     See 

j\j^\  isddr,  A  production.    Producing, 

arising,  appearing,  making  appear.  Publish- 
ing, procbuming,  issuing. 

i\*^\  Mddgh,  The  temples,  that  part 

of  the  face  from  the  eyes  to  the  ears ;  the 
hair  that  flows  around   the  temples.      See 

i^ljutfl,  asddf,  Shells,  shell-fish. 

j;jLtff ,  atdaky  More  or  most  true.  ^ Ju0^ 
^jJuliJt,  The  truest  of  speakers  (an 
epithet  of  God).     See  J  jl^* 

U  j^t  asdikd,  True  Mends.   See  (Ji*y^- 

j\jj\  urdTf  Being  pertinacious,  per- 
sisting, [have  patience. 

j\AlA  tsttbdr,  Patience,  toleration.    To 

JJxidl  tstahil,  A  stable,  stall. 

(^S^Lutfl  istarldht  An  astrolabe. 
(N.B.— These  two  words  being  from  the  Greek, 

are  sometimes  written  with  ^  and 
sometimes  with  ^). 
Ji^\   utildh,    A   technical    term,     a 


.1 


C21) 


k^\ 


tedmieal  expranon.  An  idiom,  phraie, 
lam ;  t  eorred  el^ant  way  of  speaking  or 
into?;  «wrtM-,  jiataia.;    correcting, 

i^Ulk^l  ittHdhdtf  Idioms,  modes  of 

cpeikio^  (pL  of  the  aboTe).  - 

^^  ti'jib,  Kore  or  most  difficult. 
iik^'^\i  more  difficult  than  that. 


cr^tfimyftbiii/itewAr/tM^  This  matter 
is  cb£  most  di&ult  of  omr  time. 

'««^t  u^Ad,  Hearing,  listening,  lending 
near. 

JJ^  a^ioTf  Last,  least,  smallest.  The 
Bmor  tem  in  a  logical  proposition  or  syllo- 
gism. i,lSj\suuJ  ^^  JU01  4jl:uuJ  bui- 
thiaaffkar  mim  bmtattakj  liy  garden  is  smaller 

than  yours.    See^^^Ai^. 

1^1  Amf,  Aaaph  (reputed  in  the  East 
to  lure  been  Solomon's  yizier).  The  Grand 
Vizier.  A  pisha  haTing  the  rank  of  Grand 
Taier. 

^^\  isfar,  TeUov,  pale,  livid* 

fiA  iifirdrj  Yellowness. 

^\nfydf  Pore,  just,  upright,  holy, 
^^^^  good  (men). 

J«1 «/  (or  oiU),  A  cause.    9r^^  J^^i 

^  trs  /crt.,  Canse  and  effect  Boot,  ori- 
Kia,  principle,  foundation,  element,  source. 
I'iBeaj^  race,  Ime,  birth,  family,  nobility, 
boBoor.  A  ca|nU],  principal  sum,  stock  in 
trade.  An  original,  arcnet3qpe,  prototype, 
,  exemplar, 

^^  askn,  Not  at  all,  by  no  means, 
Mver.    ULi^  Lot,  In  no  shape  what- 

erer.     jUt  Ijuu^  ^t«  md  laho  num- 
A^  a«2ni,  He  is  absolutely  useless. 

It  bai  DO  taste  at  all. 

^Li  u/dA,  Correction,  emendation,  re- 
pvitioo,  restoratioii,  Rectitude,  probity, 
^'^■^noation,  amelioration,  rectification. 

^  viaky  Better,  best,  more  or  most 

cttellcxit,  correct,  fine.  ^dJl  J-*\,  May 

G^aoMad. 

t^l  01^,  Bald  (man). 

^^  <•&,  Badical,  original,  essential, 

Faciple. 


t 


uJl^Mtf^  OMt^/*,  Forms,  kinds.  Yarious, 
different.  J-iV^  i-Jl:^^  Various 
tribes.  Juixsr^  (^Uitf^  Different  sorts, 
varieties.   ^\  u-ili-^i^  t?^^  s^*^^ 

a2a^t  /t(;/a^  min  aththamy  I  have  all  the  ar- 
tides  which  are  imported  from  Damascus. 

See  u-OIm^. 

i^U^Vamdm,  Idols,  statues.     See  Jti^. 

(jL:\ye\  aswdt,  Yoices,  sounds,  clamours, 

See  (JL^ya, 

i^\yfi\  aswdf,  Fleeces,  wools.  See  t^j^. 

Syria  and  Mesopotamia  supply  an  immense 
quantity  of  wool,  which  is  sent  to  Liverpool 
and  Marseilles. 

J^t  u8Hl,  Causes,  roots,  origins.  A 
mode,  manner,  method,  rule.  J^Df 
iujifl,  The  four  roots,  viz.,  master- 
wort,  parsley,  capers,  and  fennel.  H-^yS* 
J^H^,  A  syrup  of  roots,     fjj/^^ Jy^) 

Usui  tDafuru^t  Causes  and  effects. 

j\i»a\  oi'hdr,  Brothers-in-law,  sons-in- 
law.     See^fitf. 

J^^  Mi/,  Hooted,  radical.  Noble.  J^t 
iJ\J\,  Sound  in  judgment. 

i»\^\idd/at,  Addition,  junction,  adjunct 
Attribute.    Epithet. 

<iUl  addfl,  Additional. 

^\^\  adaU^  Bibs,  sides,  parts.  See  ^Jlp. 

iS^sf^\  udhakat,  A  ridiculous  thing,  a 
jest,  a  joke. 

j\j^\  adddd,  Contraries,  opposites,  op- 
ponents, antagonists.     See  iXi. 

j\^\  adrdr  (pi.)  Hurts,  harms,  injuries, 

damages.     See^^. 

Aj^\  idrdm,  Inflaming,  burning.  Being 
kindled,  set  on  fire.    To  light  (the  fire). 

(^\J^]  ittirdb  (from  C;-y^)»  Agitation, 
perturbation,  confusion,  commotion,  palpita- 
tion, fluctuation,,  wayering,  vexation,  trouble, 
torment,  pain,  chagrin,  anguish,  grief,  violent 
emotion,  sorrow,  simering,  anxiety,  distraction, 

perplexity.  [N.B. — ^When  the  letter  j^ 

is  followed  by  the  letter  1?,  it  has  the 
pronunciation  of  <,  and  not  of  d.^ 


ILI 


(28) 


>^ 


^Ja^\  Mirdr,  Yiolitiioe,  oonstndnt,  ne- 

ceasity,  oompolrion,  foro^  Exlz^me  muerr, 
despair.     Compelling.     Being  foroea. 

l^yaJl   ittuHran,    From    neoessity, 
l»7  force. 

\^\mJ]  ad^f  (pi.),  Double  as  m«ch 

more,  doable  the  qoantity.  li/f^pf^  Doabling, 
adding  a  doaUeqoantitjr,  t>r  increaaing  from 
one  to  three.    Weakening,  rendering  infirm. 

ita.AA.ila^^a^,  More  or  moat  weak.  U.M10I 

i^ljksfly  The  moat  weak  or  humUe  of 

servanta.    See  s^susui^ 
^\   adatt,    Misleading,    leading  into 

error.    Most  erroneous.    See  JU. 
^\aild^eLnd^\adlu^,  Bibs.  Sides 

(of  anything).     See  ^Iup.  [exvor. 

Jli^l  iHdl,  To  induce.     Seduction  into 

J^^\  ukndr,  Goncecding  in  one's  mind 
or  heart  [ing,  being  carried  off. 

JIje^^^I  idmihlal,  Vanishing,  disappear- 

j\^a^\  iiith&d,  Oppressing,  treating  with 
injnstiee  and  cruelty. 

cJIm^!  adydff  and  1^^  ^^y^ft  (s^uests, 
strangers,  foreignera*  .  See  u- 0^*0. 

^^\itd^f  Obedience,  submission,  sub- 
jection,  resignation.       ^.^..^sf-ljlt  ^ 

\Lflyi£.^\  CAn\  r.  mm  al  wdjih  ^mla- 

yik  ittatat  mawlak.  It  is  your  duty  to  be 
obedient  to  year  lord. 

Xiltl  4Msai,  Being  able,  powerftil. 

i\^\  itdlatf  Prolonging,  extending,  ex- 
tension. f!i^\  2yie\  j^sa  ^udam 
italat  tdkaldm,  Precision  in  speaking. 

Think  not  that  I  hare  forgotten  yonr  sacred 
engagements  towaidi  me,  notwithstanding  the 
leiu^  of  your  alienation!  0  my  Lord,  beaind 
and  propitioas  towards  me !  Perhaps,  and 
may  I  kiss  yov  beaatiAil  and  charmiag  month 
and  cheeks.  I  take  God  to  witness,  that  I 
will  nerer  relinquish  yoo,  though  you  ihoiild 
transgress  the  boondi  of  lore. 


\J^\  MiMd,  Physicians.   JLL^^^Mjj^ 

U  jJj  ha%d  mnhar  al  aUMdfi  haladnd. 
This  is  the  moat  derer  physician  in  oar  town. 

cWaM^,  Natures,  qualities.  See^J^. 

jLL^  aibdi.  Plates,  dishes,  disks,  orbs. 
Yaalts,  ooncarities. 

j\jiffUtrdd,  Ejecting,  banishing.  Beject- 
ing.    litirad,  Regularity.    Subjection  to  rule. 

i^\Jb\  aird/,  Sides,  diBtricta,tracta,coa8t8, 

shores,  envirpns.     See  cJ;!^- 
^j^^  ^i^fwA,  Beafl 

AlaLt  it^dm,  Feeding,  giving  Tictnals  or 
refreshment 

^Ujio]  at^mah,  Meat,  yictuals,  viands. 

ZmJu  L^\  at^imah  nafUah,  Exquisite 
meats. 

\iic\  itffhd,  Seducing,  leading  into  error. 

ULI  it/d,  Extinguishing,  putting  out  a 
fire,  smothering. 

JUI0I  atfdl,  Infrmts,  children,  boys. 

it!  ttld,  Anointing,  stainiqg,  bedaub- 
ing (the  body  with  oil). 

olWl   itld^   Infonnation,  intelligence. 
^ioUttUd^,  Ascending,riaing  (theaun). 

j^^\  itldl,  Setting  at  liberty,  releasing, 
dismissing,  sending  away.    LoMing,  relaxing. 

u^^' ^  v/^  cr*  J^  W/l^M!;^ 

Xamar  ei-Zaman  had  become  Sultan  oyer 
them,  he  abaUsbed  the  oustom-taxes,  set  at 
libeity  those  who- were  in  prison,  and  con- 
daoted  himself  in  a   praiseworthy  manner 

towards  the    people.     ,Ji^^^  l^* 
^ala  littak^  Absolutely,  properly,  aniTerrally. 
^jj^\  atla$,  Satin. 

cULI  itmd^f  Exciting  to  cupidity,  caus- 
ing to  long  for  possession. 

^L^iLt  iimlndn.  Best,  tranquility,  re- 
pose, content,  quiet,  security,  peace. 

^le^  ^Ix^alg^  Peace  of  mind* 

c^LLlii^fid^,  Sublimity  of  style.  Speak- 
ing with  sublimity,  loftily,  haughtily. 

j^j^\  atwdr.  Actions,  motions. 
ijjb\  atwal,  Longeri  longest.  See  J^jW. 


,\ 


(23) 


\ 


\^\  ai'Ur  (pL}y  Clear,  pure,  ohasie, 
nnsollied,  clean.    See  ^U? . 
(^Ltl  4^,  Odonn,  nngnenta,  aro- 

matie  oiotmentB.      See  C'%*Vi. 

•  •• 

u^l«%d^,  Better,  best,  more  or  most 
and,  fiign&t»  ddkaie,  pleennt^  deUghtfoL 

^UeJI,  The  tvo  dellgbts,  Ceres  and 
TeDs.    ^tU,  How  deligbtfal ! 

^Ibl  Ad/)r,  Naila»  cUws,  hoofs. 

uip\  an/,  More  or  most  elegant, 
boatifiil,  dean,  neat.    See  (^jfe. 

;U?I  «/!ir,  Nails,  daws,  hoofs. 

Jff^ft^fsi,  More  or  most  nnjost.  See  JU?. 

j\^\  hkar,  Demonstration,  proof,  testi- 
w»f,cndeiie^  Berealing.diKOTeriiiff.  Pra- 
tedm^,  fein^ng,  making  an  ontwara  show, 
awdition,  ^MHamnlatiim. 

^\  sdar.  Mora  or  most  clear,  bright, 
erident     ^^m4ii1J\  ^^jio\f  Brighter 


•>U1  a^jim.  Barbarians  (t.  #.  those 
'  vbo  eanofOt  apeak  Arabic,  or  speak  inoorrectly ; 

^  none  partienlarlj  applied  to  the  Penians). 

Sta^cn^  fivrngnen. 

<-r^\s\  a^jfh,  Mirades,  prodigies, 
porteotBt  wondeta,  atrange  things. 

'•>lc1  »^<SM,  Betnming.     Bepetition, 

I'KiMMn,  nying  or  doing  anything  otbt 
sgain-    Berinngy  renewing,  reafing  again. 

j-^lfi)  tf^aift,  Enemies,  foes. 
J^UI  sUstm  (pL),  Gbeat,  ohie(  prinoi- 
paL    SeeJ^. 

JU  a^dft  (pL),  Most  high,  exalted, 

^Ift^  t^iliua  (or  h\s\  i^naf),  Assist- 
aaoe,  halp,  aid,  favour,  snocoor.  Aj\c] 
^1  s^djM^  o&A,  May  God  assist, 

^«r  or  proiper  liini. 
oksl  a^  (pi.  of   a^    ^aidbah), 

Tbttholds.     ^^UjJl  jU-jJ  lj\  Uj 
^ttm,  m  ill  kiadBM%  has  fsToond  me,  and 


conducted  me  to  the  threehold  of  my  beloTcd, 
1  beheld  Bodoor  in  the  bed  by  mr  side ;  and 
by  her  tiin  the  moon  of  my  &rtnne  vaa 
brightened. 

jtLcl  i^k,  Setting  at  liberty,  bestow- 
ing freedom,  giving  leaye. 

j\^\  i^tbdr.  Esteem,  honour,  reverence, 
Teneration,  respect    To  take  in  consideration, 

to  hold  in  estimation.  i\jAiii\  u^Ub 

^jicJo  ^J  ^1  ^^^  j^j,  0  thou 

who  lookeSb  upon  poverty  as  it  were  a  disgrace, 
wilt  thon  not  oe  admonished?  The  di^raoe 
of  wealth  is  greater.  If  thou  takest  it  into 
consideration,  thon  wilt  perceiTe  that  poverty 
haa  an  immense  advantage  and  superiority 
over  wealth — as  thou  disooeyest  God  to  be- 
come rich,  whilst  thou  dost  never  disobey  Ood 

(sin   against  Ood)  to  become  poor! 
iLiXc!l1  <.*aJ(j,  With  eyes  of  esteem, 


respectfully.  ^j*c  ^  kA^i  fJ^^J^  ^ »XJ^ 

j\iSxi\f  hand  arraffd  aakat  m*n  ^ayitnU 
ifjiiar,  This  manhas  lost  the  public  eatimation. 

Jljc^^  i^iiddl,  Equity,  justice,  recti- 
tude. Moderation,  temperature,  equality,  equi- 
librium, mediocrity.     JLaa^JIooaSI 

2rJu^«4».  ali^iddl  mankabah  hamldah, 
Moderation  is  an  ezoellent  quality. 

JJJljjLfJ\  fj\jss],  (Equality  of 
day  and  night),  the  equinox.    - 

^Ijcxl  i^isdr,  An  excuse,  apology. 

fjo\j:^\  i^tirddf  Opposition,  obstacle, 
resistance.    To  oppose,  traverse,  prevent,  to 

object.  clOj^b  ^  JjJ  H,  la  kubaJa 

.  n  a  ifjiradikat  I  cannot  admit  your  objection 
or  your  opposition.  [objections. 

(Cj\0^\j:x\  i^irdudt  (pL),  Oppositions. 

uJ\ji^\  i^iirdf,  Confession,  acknow- 
ledgment.   To  confess.  [to  retire. 

Jfjifl  i^tkdl,  Abdication.    To  abdicate, 

uJUfxf  i^tudf,  Oppression,  tyranny.  To 
oppress,  to  tyrannise. 

jl&xl  i^^lcdd.  Faith,  confidence,  belief. 

JU:xf\  t^ikdl,  Seizing,  binding,  im- 
prisoning.   Being  bound. 


J^ 


\ 


(24) 


> 


\ 


j)lifil  i^tldl,  Being  weak,  sick.  Seek- 
ing for  a  pretext. 

oUifl  i^imdd,  Faith,  confidence.  Being 

baptized.  To  place  confidence.  IjUjj'.I, 

Cpnfidently.  [attention. 

li::xt  i^ind,  Taking  pains,  paying  great 

Juvft  i^iydd,  Being  accustomed  to 
anything.    Returning.    Bepetition. 

c-^Ls^\  i^dh,  Wondering.  Causing 
surprise,  filling  with  admiration.     Pleasing, 

giving  pleasure.     <Uui3  l^^^I,  He 
pleased  himself,  or  was  pleased  with  himself. 

ij\ji  *-ib^lU,  How  high  he  is  in  his 
own  opinion ! 

J  1^1  i^dlf  Hastening,  stimulating, 
impelling,  urging,  instigating.  Accelerating, 
bringing  to  maturity,  ripening. 

^^.fis^l  u^Hlahf  A  miracle,  prodigy, 
wonderful  thing. 

\tXc\  a^dd,  Enemies.     See  j Ac. 
Olj^l    a^ddd,   Numbers.      I^d,    To 
prepare.    CXL^-  ^joxj    J  Jl  J  \3\ 

jAcHj  uiojj  JL^h  j^\  If  I  fail 

to  render  thee  due  thanks,  tell  me  for  whom  I 
have  prepared  my  verse  and  prose  P  Thou  hast 
OTerloaded  me  with  unsolicited  favours,  be- 
stowed without  excuse  or  delay  on  thy  part. 

See  JJl£. 

A\se'\  t^tn,  Annihilating,  ruining,  de- 
stroying, impoverishing. 

JjLfil  a^dal,  More  or  most  just.  J^VdI 
c-jIs-*S1,  The  most  just  of  the  com- 
panions.    See  JjU. 

o  J^l  a^\  Most  dangerous^  inimical. 

j\jk£\  a^zdr,  Excuses.     I^r,  Making 
apologies. 

t^^j£\  A^rdh,  "Wild  wandering  Arabs 
(the  more  civilized  Arabians  who  live  in  cities 

beingcalled^^).  The  simplicity  and 

poverty  of  the  lower  class  of  the  Bedouins 
IS  proportionate  to  that  of  their  chiefs.  All 
the  wealth  of  a  family  consists  of  movables, 
of  which  the  following  is  a  pretty  exact  inven- 
tory. A  few  male  and  female  camels,  some 
goats  and  poultry ;  a  mare,  and  her  bridle  and 


saddle ;   a  tent,  a  lance  sixteen  feet  long,  a 
crooked  sabre,  a  rusty  musket,  with  a  flint  or 
matchlock  ;  a  pipe,  a  portable  mill,  a  pot  for 
cooking,  a  leathern  bucket,  a  small  coffee- 
roaster,  a  mat,  some  clothes,  a  mantle  of  black 
wool,  and  a  few  glass  or  silver  rings  which 
the  women  wear  upon  their  legs  and  arms.    If 
none  of  these  are  wanting,  their  furniture  is 
complete.    But   what  the   poor  man  stands 
most  in  need  of  is  his  mare ;  for  this  animal 
is  his  principal  support.    With  her  he  makes 
his  excursions,  or  seeks  plunder.    The  mare  is 
preferred  to  the  horse  as  she  does  not  neigh, 
and  yields  milk,  which  satisfies  the  thirst  and 
hunger  of  her  master.    The  Arabs  have  as 
little  industry  as  their  wants  are  few;  all 
their  arts  consLst  in  weaving  their  tents  and 
in   making   mats  and  butter.     Their  com- 
merce extends  to  exchanging  camels,  kids, 
stallions,  and   milk   for    arms,  clothing,   a 
little  rice  or  com,  and  mone^r,  which  they 
bury.    All  their  literature  consists  in  reciting 
tales  and  histories,  in  the  manner  of  the 
Arabian  Nights.   They  have  a  peculiar  passion 
for  such  stories.    In  the  evening  they  seat 
themselves  on  the  ground,  ranged  in  a  circle 
round  a  little  fire  of  dung,  their  pipes  in  their 
mouths,  and  their  legs  crossed.  They  sit  awhile 
in  silent  meditation,  till,  on  a  sudden,  one  of 
them  breaks  forth  with,  Onee  upon  a  timet  or 
There  was  in  olden  time,  ....  and  continues 
to  recite  a  long  tale.    The  Arabs  have  often 
been  reproach^  with  the  spirit  of  rapine,  but 
we  must  take  into  consideration  that  it  only 
takes  place  towards  enemies.      They    from 
policy  preserve  the  appearance  of  Mahomet- 
anism;   but   so  relaxea  is  their  observance 
that  they  are  generally  considered  as  infidels. 
They  make  no  difficulty  in  saying  that  the 
M.R.  was  not  made  for  them.     With  small 
presents  the  Arabs  will  be  the  best  friends  of 
the  Syro-Mesopotamian  railway,  which  they 
will  consider  as  the  work  of  God,  and  not  that 
of  men. 

c^Lef   I^dh,    Explanation,    Marking 

(Arabic)  with  vowel  points.  Analysis  in  gram- 
mar. 

^]j^\  a^dsh,  Thrones.     See  ij»j^- 

u^lr^^  tf^rSi,  Honours,  reputations. 
I\rad,  Aversion,  detestation.  Turning  away 
the  face,  declining,  shunning,  avoiding,  flying 

from,  opposing.    i<^  rC  ^j^  An  acci- 
dental disease.  [from the  birth, 
^yct  tf^ro;.  Lame  by  nature,   cripple 

Jfil  tf^M,  More  or  most  powerful.  Glo- 
rious, excellent.  Dear,  esteemed.  \c\ 
aUI,  May  God  glorify.    iLj^  ^\ 


Zc\ 


(25) 


L5^ 


\ 


m 


>t, 


kd^  u«%i 


^li^Jsi,  Favour  me  with  some  words 

of  your  kind  conTersation,  that  you  may  show 
me  pity,  so  that  my  heart  may  he  at  rest ; 
from  the  excess  of  my  love  for  yon,  and  my 
tzaiuport,  I  make  light  of  that  which  makes 
ae  unhappy.  May  God  protect  a  people 
whose  abooe  was  distant  from  me,  and  whose 
secret  I  kept  in  the  best  place  (of  my  heart] ! 

I^^l  tfcm  (pl.)>  Excellent^  rare,  incom- 
parable, glorious,  powerful,  magnificent,  dear, 
precious,  venerable,  revered,  holy.  See 

^Ir'  a^zd^y  A  bachelor,  maid,  unmar- 
ried person.     See  <--^l> 

fy^  t^tdz,  Hagnificence,  honour,  respect, 
reTerencc,  veneration,  ^^zds  (pi.  of 
J^js),  Glorious,  powerful. 

oLlcl  i^hab^  Producing  green  herbage, 
grassy,  luxuriant.     See  l-..JLc. 

jLltl  a^Kdr^  Tenth  parts.    See^^. 

^llf^  a^ihash,  Nests  of  birds  that  build 
in  treee.     See  ^Ju^. 

L^y,a£\  atidhf  Nerves,  tendons,  sinews. 
See  ^,^^r..  [See -^c. 

jU2z]  a^dr.  Ages,  times.     Forenoons. 

"^s^i  a^dd  (pi.  oi  yas-  ^adoo),  Members 
(of  the  body,  or  of  a  council  or  assembly). 

♦ail  i^td,  Giving,  offering,  bestowing, 
presenting.     Jj^^  ^^^  ^^^^Li 

jlfj^^^  ^\  j^j  j5^'/i  Therefore 

he  eommanded  and  forhadc,  and  inrested  and 
<^>oaed,  and  gave  and  denied,  till  the  end  of 
thedsy. 

uilSacl  a^df,  Favours,  afiections,  at- 
Oebmeati,  benefits,  bounties. 

»^  a^zdm,  Greater,  greatest,  superior, 
supreme.  JuJmIK^)!  ^•kflyb^lt  ^  jj^ 

^  oSinr  Aim  af^xam  ul  umur  al^azifnah. 
This  oiiject  is  the  greatest  among  the  great 
(^hjecCs. 

^l^\a^h^  Offspring,  children,  grand- 

c^ildicii,  posterity,  ancestors.  Heels.  The 
^  days  of  a  month.  Marks,  traces,  footsteps, 
w  say  vestiges  left  behind.  IiJeah^  Leanng 
<Apang  b^ind. 


j\sLc\  i^dr,  Possessing  many  fields  or 
estates. 

Jii:^  a<.kal,  More  or  most  wise  or  pru- 
dent. ^JJ  \  ^  JJic  \  (J.^  \  ihnak  a^kal 
min  ibnJJ  Thy  son  is  wiser  than  mine. 

Is]  0^/d,  Higher,  most  high,  sublime, 
excellent,  superior,  supreme. 

^%c\  a^m,  Flags,  standards,  ensigns. 

I^lant,  Information,  signification,  adrice,  an- 
nouncing, indicating,  teaching,  certifying, 
giving  notice, 

JuU  /Jie\  i^dm  ndtnah,  A  proclamation. 

jjlcU'^^n,  Publishing,  divulging,  mak- 
ing manifest.    A  manifesto,  an  advertisement 

given  to  the  public,     ^i  {J^^  VJ:.^^^uff^ 

CL^DU^^  wadaU  i^ldn  fx  aljumdldt, 
I  inserted  an  advertisement  in  the  newspapers. 

Jlc!  adanij  More  or  most  learned.  Wise, 

learned.     JlcI  ^LJJt,  God  knows  best, 

God  is  all-knowing. 

jAct  aM,  Superior,  supreme,  more  or 
**  most  high. 

m£.\  a^mm,  Most  common,  universal, 
concerning  all.  Li;  ^  j^\  ^J^\  ^  JJ^ 

LjaHl,  hazdah  shy  a^^am  min  hdkiya  tul- 
ashya.  This  thing  is  the  most  common  among 
the  other  things. 

j^\  a^mdr^  Lives,  life-times.     I^mdr, 
Cultivating,  rendering  habitable. 

Jl^\  0^md/,  Works,  actions.     See  J.^. 
fX^\  a^dm.  Paternal  uncles.     See  ^. 

ij^\  a^idat,  Pillars,  pilasters,  columns, 
props,  supports,  tent-poles. 

^\  a^a*,  Blind. 

jlifi\  acnd^.  Necks.     See  JmC. 

^licl  a^na».  Bridles.  I^n,  Bridling, 
checking  with  the  reins. 

^yU^tfdm,  Teara.    See  ^U. 

^t^l  a^dn.  Aids,  assistances.  As- 
sistants, [hooked,  curved. 

—^1  a^af  (fem.  \>'^  i^wjo)t  Crooked, 

jfccl  acfrar  (fem.  ^j^).  One-eyed. 

jLcl  a^ddf  Solemnities,  festivals.   See 


i\ 


(26) 


c\ 


i^uxi  a^&n,  Great  men,  grandees. 
f»^-AJt^Lcl  The  senators,  the  chiefs 
or  elders  of  the  people.    CJl^l  -^ 

C/.^l  JU.  ai:Ul  ^\  Jo:  ^UJ];^ 

The  king,  therefore,  rejoiced  "at  this  exceed- 
ingly :  he  summoned  the  jadges  and  witneeses, 
and  the  chief  officers  of  the  empire,  and  the 
grandees,  and  wrote  Eamar-ez-Zaman's  con- 
tract of  marriage  to  his  daughter,  the  Queen 
Hayat-en-Nuius. 

^^1  a^yun,  Eyes.    See  ^^. 

Ul  dffhd,  A  great  lord,  nohleman,  head, 

chief  master,  commander;  a  country  gentleman, 
master  (of  servants) ;  a  superior  senrant,  officer 
of  a  household ;  the  title  of  military  or  naval 
officers,  from  the  birur-bashi  (major  or  ehef^dt^ 
bataillon)  downwards  ;  the  title  of  rarious 
chief  officers  in  the  dvU  serrice. 

<uUf  igh&8at,  SaoGoor,  relief. 
^U^Ul  ighdskatf  Enraging,  raising  indig- 
nation.    (^LOlc  ^...wiiLJ  C/bt  )QJui 

la  iuahJg  abaka  fa^aghdab  ^ala^ka,  Bo  not 
offend  thy  father,  lest  he  be  enraged  against 
thee. 

ij^c]    aghdni,    Songs,     musical    odes. 

"  Aghant  is  the  title  of  seyeral  Eastern  airs,  par- 
ticularly of  a  very  large  collection  of  Arabian 
songs  called  KeUnr  ul  Aghaniy  compiled  in 
the  tenth  century  by  Abulfaraj  Aly,  of  Ispa- 
han. He  presented  it  to  Seifuddowla,  Sultan 
of  Syria,  who  ordered  him  in  retum  1000 
dinars  (nearly  £600) ;  but  the  minister  of  this 
prince,  Ebn  Ebad,  considering  the  recompense 
as  too  inadequate  for  the  labour  of  fifty  years, 
which  Abulfaraj  had  employed  in  the  work, 
gave  him  1000  more.  This  ririer  carried  it 
with  him  in  all  his  expeditions;  and  it  was 
much  in  request  among  the  great  men  of  the 
East,  copies  of  it  being  generally  sold  at 
Bagdad  for  4000  drachms  of  silrer. 

j\jfs\  ighbirar,  Becoming  dusty, 

(^\z£]  iffhtlrdb,  Becoming  foreign,  tra- 

Telling  into  foreign  parts.  ^UJt_jU 

CJjJli  ijx^  <^o\  ^3j  L-^  ^jJ 

^\^  ^^p\,  The  wise  and  learned 


do  not  obtain  honour  and  glory  by  staying  at 
home ;  leave,  therefore,  thy  native  country  and 
go  abroad. 

f\j:J\  ighiir&r,  Ambition.     Being  de- 
ceiyed.     Being  foolish,  circumspect. 


*  gj^]  cu-osr  ^cJua^j  gjA*^  ^\,  And 

my  father  was  ^eceiTod)  imposed^upon  by 
his  plansible  pretences,  and  married  me  to 
him,  without  ascertaining  his  condition ;  and 
when  (my  husband)  had  remoTod  me  from  the 
cover  which  formed  my  shelter  at  home,  and 
had  carried  me  -away  to  a  distance  from  my 
people,  and  transferred  me  to  his  abode,  and 
brought  me  under   his  rule,  made  me  his 

slave.     aLjULj  *^^  *-  ^  c:  .^^  v-<.4*fw  \ 

jd^l  LDSar  JUH  yu>,  Thou  hadat 

a  good  opinion  of  the  days  when  they  were 
favourable  to  thee,  and  hadst  no  fear  concern- 
ing the  evil  that  destiny  was  preparing.  Thy 
nights  were  peaceful,  and  thou  wast  deceived 
by  them ;  when  nights  are  the  most  bright  it 
is  then  that  there  cometh  gloom. 

JLuiil  ightU&l,  Ablution,  washing  of 
the  body. 

^.^l.dai!  i^Mudh,  Seizing  violently. 
aIcxI  i^A^tm^m,  Being  sad,  mehmeboly. 

i^Uxcl  iifhtin&m,  Getting  spoil  or  plunder. 

To  avail  one's  self  of  the  opportunity  of  doing 
something. 

l^LsLcl  iff7Ulyd%f  To  be  enraged,  to  be 
offended.  l^l^J  ifX^J]  ^\  ^  lsJIS  J 


c^l^t  uX3  ^^^j^f  She  then  said  to 

him,  The  Lady  Bunia,  when  she  read  thy 
letter,  was  enraged;  but  I  coaxed  her  and 
jested  with  her  until  I  made  her  laugh,  and 
she  was  moved  with  pity  for  thee,  and  re- 
turned thee  an  answer. 

J  1^1    ightiydl,    Assaulting,    rushing 
upon  or  attacking  violently. 

^dil  aghdiyatf  Heats,  victuals. 

\jL\  aghirrd,  Such  as  are  deceived  with 
nun  hopes.    Ighra,  Impulse,  instigation. 

(jwlycl  offhrdi  {pi,  of(jMjC  ghurs\  Toung 

shoots  that  are  transplanted.  Proeelytes  (as 
being  newly  planted  in  the  churoh). 

^jo\ji\  aghrdd  (pi.  of  ^ji  gharai),  De- 
signs, intentions,  ends,  vieira,  msinhinationi. 


\i\ 


(27) 


i\ 


j\js\  ighrik,  BrowniBgi  plnogbg, 
tnapag,  ftroving^  into  (wster). 

^W\  t^itoM,  BmicheB.    See  ^;*a^. 
\miz\  ifhid,  GoDtzaetiiig  or  knittixig  the 

L^\^\ifUslj  MoTUdg  to  anger,  anger- 

^1  t^ia^  (pL  of  Us^  phatd),  CoTer- 
iigi^  fdk.  [to  forget  or  be  negligent. 

JUil  ^kfiU,  IS^^lectLog.    CSauaiiig  oue 

/el  ^1/tr,  Mort  foxgiviiig. 

1:1  ^iUa,  Being  dear,  of  great  price. 
Bifl^  ta  false.  Boffiog  (as  a  pot).  Beeon- 
Pfvnaldi^dear. 

jlct  €fUak^  Jjocka,  ban,  bolta*  chains, 

er  sa J  teenmgs  for  a  door,  ^hlak.  Shutting, 
loekiB^  or  iwaipg  •  door. 

Jlil  ^Ual,  Cliaiaa. 

i.^\  ^Mh,  Saperior,  rapremCj 
^raigv,  itraigert.     Move  or  most  Tiolent. 

wJ^I  ^i2i|f,  Uncueamoifled.  tugs. 

^i«^ibiil,Painti]ig.  Paintinga,  swoon- 

•>U£t  afhmdd   (pL   of    Jbiii    ghamd), 

fiieatiis.    8eeJL4^. 

o^Ui^  ft^Aaidi;  Shutting  the  eyes  (to 
Ui  or  iaqwnpar  eondnet). 

li^l  yiad,  lEnTJching.  [flocka. 

1*1^1  Of ^adsi  (pL  of  Mii  ffhanam).  Sheep, 

M  e^Aa^tf  (pL  of  ^  yAfl«f),  The 

rieh.  \jui\y  L:x]t,  The  rich  and  poor. 

Sf  '  ^M|Nrfy  ICnsic,  melod  J,  modola- 
twa,  a  ecrtna  noncal  mode.    A  long, 

f^  jghtif  Sednation,  temptation,  se- 
te^,  Icadii^  9ttnf^  deluding,  deaairing, 
^v^praig,  inspiring  or  aaggesting  eriL 

d[^\  •gJimM  (pL  of  Ut),  Lords, 
c^  eommaadazB. 

U«jlxa^t  4i§JiM9t^,  Thenumthof Angnat. 
w*w*t  ifiu^  IGsfortnne^  calamities,  losses, 

^^i  ifiJmt^  Biflbring  odour. 

^W  (fisUdm  (pL),  The  greatest  (in 
nak,  priet,  «te.). 

^^  ifii  or  9CM\  ifaiak,  GiTing  or 
*Q^*ag  pratftt  eoiolaBeiit,  or  adrantage, 
*[|»ak&  isfiw,  benefiting,  doing  good, 
'^wiag.    Teadyag,  iafbnnmg,  iurtnicting. 

«-^l  To  teaeh  and  demonatrate. 


if  jUI  i^ils^.  Profit,  adyantage. 

(J.0UI  a/ilit7.  Learned,  yirtnona,  excel- 
lent (men),  pbiloeopberB,  doetors. 

^Ijl  afd^^  Serpents,  yipen. 

jlil  o/^diE;,  Horizons,   quarters  of  the 
beaTens,  of  the  world,  or  nnireiae. 

iulUf  ifOJuA^  GonTalesoence. 

(JUl  afaki^  Horizontal,  unirersaL     A 
'^horiiontal  watch  or  timepiece. 

Ij^  af§i^  A  calamity. 

liil  {^d,  Besolving  a  question  of  law, 
or  a  caee  of  oonBcience. 

Jcs^  iJHtdhj  A  heginning,  oommenoe- 
ment,  opening,  aperture.  Conqneit,  reduction. 

^Isciil  ifiihdif  Disquisition,  investiga- 
tion, examination,  inquiry,  information. 

jUcu\  ^ikhSr^   Olorj,  honour,  graoe. 
js^\  To  gloiy  in  anything,  to  hoast 

of:    fj^^^3  J^U)^ jla^t.  The  most 

gorioui  of  ^e  most  honoured  and  moet  noble 
mode  of  addram  in  writing  to  great  men). 

\^\  iftird,  Calumny,  &]sehood,  imposi- 
tion, unjuat  imputation. 

j\jX3\  iftirdk,  Separation.  j]/jll\  il  W;, 
In  a  atate  of  eeparation. 

j\isj\    ifiikdr,     Poverty,    heing    poor. 

tone,  thou  pitiest  me  not,  nor  oomfortest  me ! 
Behold,  mj  heart  ia  between  aflUotiou  and 
peril !  Will  not  you  have  oompaarion  on  the 
mighty  whom  lore  has  abased,  and  the  wealthy 
who  is  reduced  to  poverty  P 

JUdcil  ifUidl,  Disjunction,  separation, 
dissection,  cutting  ofi^  transplanting. 

J^t  afkidf  The  males  of  aoimabi  stal- 

lions.     See  f^^f 

j^i^\  a/khrnn,  Greater,  greatest    Most 
*  glorious,  most  magnificent.  [captive. 

\tXi\  ifdd,  Exacting  a  ransom  from  a 
<^\ji\  ajr&hf  Delights,  pleasures,  jojrs. 

Bee  r^. 
Aj\  afrdkh,  Toung  birds.    See  ^. 

J\ji\  afrdd,  Individuals,  singular  num- 
bers, single  ones.    See  Jy. 


Jit 


(28) 


\ 


j\j3\  ifrdt,   Separating,    disfinguisliiiig, 
withdrawing,  sequestering. 

(jm\j3\  afrds,  Horses,  mares.    See  j^/j/. 
\s\j3\  tfrdt,  Excess,  superfluity, 
^j3\ifrdffh,  Casting  in  a  mould.  Putting 
into  order,  shape,  or  form. 

i^y\  Afranf,  The  Franks,  French ;  the 

Cnunders  of  all  nations;   the  Christians  in 
Palestine,  and  other  places  in  the  East ;  and 

in  general  all  Europeans.   JL i^lv^ 

ffy^^^   sdru  Ha  hildd  alifranj\  They 
went  to  Europe  (lit.  the  country  of  the  Franks). 

,^^1  Afrikif  An  African*      <^y^ 
"AfrtkJpah,  Africa. 

c\j3\  ijkd^,  Frightening,  terrifying,  con- 
founding, distracting,  striking  with  fear. 

jluJl  tfsdd,  Corrupting,  vitiating,    de*- 
stroying,  adulterating. 

^Jdj^\  afsak,   More  or  most  wretched, 

wicked,  rascally,  villanous .   See  ^J-sli . 

^^^«i:yu*it  afsantln.  Wormwood. 

\jjjj\  ifihd,  Divulging,  revealing,  puhlish- 
ing,  disclosing. 

j\jjxi\  afohdr,  Speaking  idly  or  ohscenely. 

U-L^l  ifsdhan,  Clearly,  distinctly. 

^\   afsah  (or  j%Sli31^!),  More  or 
most  eloquent. 

J^oil  afdaly   More  or  most   excellent, 
virtuous,  distinguished,  eminent,  learned,  nohle. 

^jJ!ai\  aftoB,  Flat^nosed. 

^jt3\  if^i  A  large  venomous  serpent, 
^a  viper. 

fjj\  ufk  or  ufukj  The  horizon. 

kL^\  ifkf  A  lie,  a  falsehood. 

pS\  ifkdr,  Making  poor,  impoverishing. 

^\  afkar,  Poorer,  the  poorest. 

j\ij\afkdr,  Thoughts,  opinions,  counsels, 
advices.  Concerns,  cares.  Doubts,  perplexities. 

ci^liltyte^.  Escaping,  flyingaway.  Setting 
at  liberty,  aiding  one  to  make  his  escape. 

j^lil  ifldSj  Bankruptcy,  being  bankrupt. 

j;l»1  afldhf  The  fissures  or  interstices 
between  folding  doors.    Iflak,  Walakia. 

clAil  afldh  (pi.  of  viXli  fdak),  The 
heavens,  heavraly  bodies. 


Ul  ifnd,  Annihilating,  destroying. 

^^jcil  afandi  (Greek),  A  gentleman  of 

*  education,  a  man  of  polished  manners,  a  master 

of  servants ;  a  patron,  protector,  benefactor ;  a 

prince  of  the  blood.  i%tX:il  a/anduniy 
my  master,  sir    (Turkish   used  in  Arabic). 

1:jjcJ\  afandind,  our  master,  our 
sovereign.  The  Viceroy  of  Egypt  with  the 
Egyptians.     When  the  Arabs  speak  of  the 

Sultan,  they  say  ^jUaLuH  US^  tnaw- 

land  est-Sultan,  Our  gracious  sovereign  the 
Sultan. 

— \y\  afwdj  (pi.  of  —y  fafrfjf  Crowds, 

troops,  herds,  flocks.    In  crowds. 

2f!yl  afwdh,  Mouths.     See  ^. 

a\^\  afhdmy  Intellects,  understandings. 

Ifhdniy  Teaching. 
JLil  afydly  Elephants.    See  J^. 
^yJ^  afynn,  Opium,  poppy  juice. 

(^j^\  akdrih  (pi.  of  c-y  kartb),  The 
nearest  kindred,  kinsmen,  relations.  Affinities. 

JLM  akdllm  (pi.  of  j^l  akhm),  Cli- 
mates,   countries,   regions,   kingdoms.      Sec 

Lt^\  ikdmatf  Stopping,  resting,  staying, 
standing  still.    Jjlj  r)/^^  (*^^  ^^  f^ 

jx  JLU\  jjJi  ^j  ^ui\  ^m 

^^jll  -«i,  Se  celebrated  festivities, 

gave  sumptuous  banquets,  conferred  rich  robes 
of  honour  upon  all  the  princes  and  the  generals 
of  the  army,  bestowed  alms  upon  the  poor  and 
needy,  ana  set  at  liberty  all  the  prisoners  ; 
and  the  people  rejoiced  at  the  accession  of  the 
King  Kamar-ez-Zf 


iaman. 


^\i\  ahdnJm  (pi.  of  Ay3\  aknum),  Per- 
sons, individuals,  espedailly  of  the  Trinity. 

J^^Ul  akdwil,  Sayings,  speeches,  words, 
opinions.    Agreements,  compacts,  bargains. 

J  Lit  ikbdl,   Qood  fortune,   prosperity 
felicity.  To  approach,  to  arrive,  to  be  favour* 

able.  JUilUjjJl  (^^y*^,  ^  ^f^^H  'jj^U 

J)b^)l\^  jjUaJI^i   And  they   begai 


z^\ 


(29) 


u^ 


3\ 


praying  to  heaTen  for  the  continuance  of  his 
glorj  and  prosperityi  and  felicity  and  honour. 


^1  jlil;  ^iPUU.  Uft^  vlfl  J,  Then 

the  E6«et  flew  away  immediately,  and  Mey- 
moooeh  flew  with  him  to  guard  him,  and 
after  they  had  heen  absent  an  hour  they  re- 
tained oonveying  the  young  lady.    \ 0\ 

^^  ^Jbl  jl ,  When  fortune  is  liberal 

to  tfaee,*be  thou  liberal  to  all  others,  before 
she  escape  from  thee ;  for  liberality  will  not 
uiiihilate  thy  wodth  when  she  is  favourable, 
nor  aTarice  preserve  it  when  she  deserteth  thee. 

«1J1  Mdlan,  Prosperously. 
^^  akhah  (comp.  of  .^^  habih),  Mo|:e 
Of  most  base,  mean,  infamous. 

^J^\  Mibds,  Borrowing  (fire  from 
aaothcr).  Deriring,  acquiring,  procuring,  gain- 
ing. Asking,  begging.  Acquiring  knowledge. 

j»UjI  ikiiham.  To  braye.     ^^  l5^^ 

^JjUll  J>^\  AiU,  iU/  i^U 

The  activity  of  youth,  and  the  desire  of 
making  money,  led  me  on  so  £ar,  that  I  was 
koQgfat  between  Ferghana  and  Ghana.  I 
vas  plunging  in  every  abyss  and  hardship  to 

SthfcT  the&iits  (of  my  efforts),  and  I  was 
iiTing  every  danger  and  risk  in  order  to  ac* 
eompljsh  my  aims. 

tjcil  iJdida,  Imitation.     To  imitate. 
}xi\  iktidar,  Power,  force,  authority. 
^<A-;^^.>>^1^^   A  powerful,  capable, 

able  man.' 

J^^\  ikiirdn^  Association,  union.  Gopu- 

laiua.    Conjonction  (of  the  planets). 
f^>^\  iktUdm^  A  diyision,   partition. 

IHyiding.  ^Lj\jfj^\  (%Uci^,  The  divi- 
m  of  the  inheritance. 

;l^\  iktUdry  Abbreyiation,  abridgment, 
To  abridge. 


\,asj\  iktiddf  The  exigency  of  the  thing, 
time,  or  place. 

Ljf^£j\%kUtaf,  Pulling,  plucking,  gather- 
ing, cropping  (fruit,  flowers,  etc.).  [steps. 

U:i5l  iktifay  Following,  walking  in  the 

1^^  iktina,  Acquiring,  possessing,  gain- 
ing, receiving. 

^U:J\  tktinds,  Hunting,  chasing. 

-.IjjI  akddh  (pi.  of  -Jj  kadah),  Gups, 

goblets. 
aIjJI  akddm  (pi.  of  ^ji  kadam),  Peet. 

Steps,  paces.  Ikdam,  Care,  solicitude,  atten- 
tion, endeavour,  diligence,  application,  study, 
effort. 

1^  jil  akdas,  Pure,  most  pure  ;  holy. 

AkXJil  akdam  (comp.  of  wJi  kadtm), 
Former,  first,  more  ancient.  [rated. 

^\j3\  ikrdh,  Ulcerating,  becoming  ulce- 

j\3\  t'krdr,  Affirmation,  confirmation, 
assurance,  promise,  aneement,  establishment, 
attestation.  Confession,  acknowledgment  of 
faults,  telling  the  truth.  [commodating. 

fjo\y\  ikrddf  Lending,  giving  credit,  ac- 

^\^\  akrdn  (pi.  of  ^y  karin),  Peers, 

pairs,  (equals  of  the  same  age), 
t-yl  akrab,  Nearer,  nearest      ^^^ 

Ji«ll   akrah   lil^kl,  More  probably. 

ddrakf  My  house  is  nearer  than  yours. 
^^  S-y  ^  lS*H  y^^^  akrah  lafumml, 

My  hand  is  the  nearest  to  my  mouth  (Arabic 
proverb). 

\)^\  akrahd  (pi.  of  l^^  karlb),  Kin- 
dred, relations,  friends,  allies. 
cy\  akra^  Bald  (from  disease).     J-^ 

cylll  jahaM  akra^,  The  bald  moun- 
tain. Mount  Cassias,  which  rises  above  An- 
tioch  to  the  height  of  about  six  thousand  feet, 
and  terminates  in  a  sharp  peak.  Its  lower 
part  is  cultivated,  but  towards  the  top  it  is 
grey,  and  bare  of  trees ;  from  whence  it  de- 
rives its  name  akra^,  bald. 

aLJ\  aksam,  Portions,  parts,  diyisions, 
'   classes.     Oaths. 

^^\  aha%  Far  off,  more  or  most  re- 
mote.   Longest.    CubUll  ^^j-^flSl,   The 

extremes,  terms,  boundaries ;  the  accomplish- 
ment, completion,  perfection,  end. 


i\ 


(80) 


*-^ 


^^ai\  ahda\  Hore  ormo8tJQdici(niB,acate, 

penetarating.  i\»aS\^^^\a]MVhid&ty 

The  moft  intelligent,  penetrating  judge. 

^moS)  akdiyat,  Judgments,  deoreeB,  pre- 
destinations, fates,  chances,  accidents. 

JiAi\  aktar  (pi.  of^iai  katr),  Tracks  (of 
the  heayens).    Districts  (of  country).    Sides. 

cUait  atkd^,  Sections,  divisions.    Herds 

(of  oxen),  flocks  (of  sheep),  as  heing  distinct 
and  separate  bodies. 

cUait  iktd^,  Catting,  lopping.  Assign- 
ing lands  on  feudal  or  copyhold  tenure  (as  a 
pnnce  to  a  subject). 

^Uail  akian,  Cottons,     ^y^  ^UdSl  Ji^ 

J^^^aJ  ^)  J«^  hd  aktdn  Hiria  tursiU 

Ua  Liverpool^  All  the  cotton  of  Syria  is  sent  to 
Li?eix>ool. 

Oail  akta^f  Mote  or  most  aonte. 
o\mj\  ik^,  Causing  to  sit,  placing  oA 
a  seat.  Cl^^«ii.J»iu»  ^  jL^  Ji^l^ 

L:j/i\j\  ^yJ  •  ^^l^^  J  uJ  Jjl 

«  j^jSj  (jL..w«Jbf  j\  Ujjiaj^  *  dUi,  She 

hath  hips,  connected  with  a  slender  waist, 
which  oppresses  both  me  and  her :  they  make 
me  stand  up  when  I  think  upon  them,  and 
weigh  her  down  when  she  would  rise. 

Jjij\  ikfar  (pi.  of  ^  kafr),  The  heing 
ruined,  desolate,  desert  (house  or  country). 

^USl  akfUs  (pi.  of  ^^^  kafat),  Cages, 
gratings. 

JU5!  ikfdl,  Locks. 

Jjf  akaU,   Less,  least.      (KSUJ^JSl 

akaUtifV  mamalik.  The  least  of  the  kingdoms, 
or  pronnoes. 

cStif  ikld^,  Eradicating,  extirpating,  poll- 
ing up  by  the  roots.    Akla^  Castles ;  forts. 

^iSt  akidm  (pi.  of  Ji  kalam),  Pens. 

l»Jjt  iktlm,  A  district,  clime,  region. 

j\aj\  ahmdr  (pi.  of  ^^  kamar),  Moons 
(from  the  third  day  to  the  twenty-sixth  ;  the 
two  first  and  two  last  days  being  called 

cUil  ikmd^,  Subduing,  or  commanding 
one's  self. 

ijLAj\  ahmUhat  (pi.  of  /ilUi),  Eobes, 
cloths,  or  fttuffs  of  silks. 


l,d2Ai\  akmiiat  (pi.  of  ^^^du^i).  Shirts. 
^irviA^  Tr^J  4'^  L/^  W^J 

She  was  clad  in  a  shirt  of  rery  fine  and  delicate 
Venetian  stuff,  with  two  borders  of  gold  em- 
broidered in  the  most  admirable  manner,  bear- 
ing the  following  rerses  worked  upon  the  ex- 
tremity of  each  sleeve. 

^lJ\  Iknd^,  Satisfying,  rendering  eon- 
tent,  to  persuade.     ^^jCAjt  CSj^^s^ 

jauSbMa  pakna^J,  Your  answer  does  not 
persuade  me. 

A^it  akn&m,  A  substance  or  jHduioiple,  a 
person  of  the  Holy  Trinity. 

(JL)\^\  ahwat  (pL  of  cjy  kat),  Yictuals, 

aliments. 

(jm\^\  ahwdt  (pi.  of  ^^y  iawt),  Bows 

for  shooting  arrows:  also  bows  for  separating 
cotton.    Arches.    Gnbiis. 

J\ji\  akuM  (pi.  of  Jyi  kmd).  Words, 
sayings,  sentences,  opinions. 

i^ty  t  aihwdm  (pi.  of  mj^  hmm)^  Peoples, 
nations. 

/•^l  ahwamt  More  or  most  right. 

^y  1  ahwa\  More  or  most  strong,  potent, 
powerful,  firm,  robust,  valiant*  u:p-Jt 

ant  kawl  wa  tma  akwa  minka  wa  akht  huwa 
aiaktom  mtnno.  Ton  are  strong,  I  am  stronger 
than  you,  and  my  brother  is  the  strongest  of  ua. 

Uy  1  akmyd  (pl.),Poweiful,  firm.  Strong, 
potent^  robust. 

jLjI  akffddy  Fetters,  chains,  straps,  belts, 

or  ligaments  of  any  thing.  Rules,  regula- 
tions, compacts,  bargains,  articles  of  agreement. 

j\^\  akdhar,  The  rich,  powerful,  gran- 
dees, nobles. 

Aj\^\  ak&rim    (pL),   The  most  noble, 
grandees. 

ifjJ^\  ak&Hrahf  The  Cosroes,  kings  of 

Persia,  a  family  surname  or  titte,  like  the 
Cffisars,  the  Ptolemies,  the  Pharaohs,  etc. 

J^\  akdm,  Hills,  heights,  rising  grounds, 
heaps  of  stones  or  earth. 

j\J\  ahbad  (pi.  of  Ju^),  Livers,  hearts. 
jS\  akbdr,  Greater,  greatest,  most  powers 


^ 


(31) 


J^ 


M.    Sopreme.   jS\  ddl\,  Gh)d  ia  most 
powerfsL 

(Jls^  aiM/(pl.  of  uJ::;^),  Shoulders. 

JlflCbt  iktikdlf  Anointiog  or  mbbing  the 
fijM  vidi  ft  eollyrinm  or  eye-«alTe. 

v^L:;^  HUiidby  Gain,  acquisition.   Uii 

uicf  t^  J  And  when  he  had  thus  made 

aM  fomt  tiie  taste  of  rest,  and  had  left  mj 
kooKcteaner  tiianthepalm  of  my  hand  (empty). 
I  Bud  to  him :  Eeserre  most  be  put  aside 
vfaen  dittren  is  come,  as  perfnmes  are  laid 
inde  when  the  rejoidngs  of  a  marriam  are 
ended;  lo  bestir  thyself  to  make  gain  by  thy 
vt,  and  try  to  gather  the  fmit  of  uy  skill. 

'i:^  OtiflL^  Being  sufficient,  enough; 

conftntment. 

ic^  iktinAky  Striving  to  understand  a 
thiB^  thoroughly. 

ji^$kury  Moreormofltnumerous,  copious, 

pUBtifaL  More,  many,  frequent,  the  most  or 
greatest  part.  For  the  most  part,  in  geheral. 
Some,  many,  certain  (men). 

4j^t  ahariyaif  Por  the  most  part,  most 
gOMfally.    Plurality,  generality. 

^.^^1  Mar  (pi.  oij^  kadar),  Troubles, 

difficolties. 

^^d^  ilsdft.  Detecting  a  lie,  compelling 
one  to  he,  proTing  one  to  be  a  liar. 

^^  drtf ,  Hiring,  letting. 

^^^  ikrdh,  Afflicting,  troubling,  vex- 
iaf f  distresnng. 

^'/^  thud,  The  Curds,  a  people  inhabit- 

iar  part  of  Chaldaea,  Assyria,  Mesopotamia, 
MO  the  Xorth  of  Syria.  They  are  the  same 
Cvdi  vho  are  mentioned  by  Xenophon  under 
As  deoKMiunation  of  Card-nchi,  and  who 
mmd  the  retreat  of  the  Ten  Thousand. 
^  the  camel-driTen  are  Cnrds.  Their  bnsi- 
■(■  is  to  transport  goods  from  Aleppo  to 
Akxndretta,  and  vie$  versa.  They  hare  their 
«vn  bagiufe,  which  ia  dirided  into  three 
™eti.  Tney  will  be  Tery  useful  to  the 
^Tt^licwpotuttian  Railway. 

l*/>  Ante,  Honour,  respect,  veneration, 
nrovDMy  obaerration,  civility.  vJ/j 
^^^  mmf  fa  akr  mak,  Visit  me, 


that  I  may  receive  thee  with  civility. 
\^\^\  thrdman,  For  the  love,  for  the 

sake.    (^^^  \y\ji\  HI  im^jJMi  J  lam 

yathrdb  illu  ikraman  likkatirlj  He  did  not 
drink,  but  to  please  me,  for  my  sake,  for  my  love. 

i^\^\  ihrdmnfeh,  A  present  in  cash 
given  to  one  of  the  Gtoyemmenf  s  serrants. 

if\^\  ikrdh,  Aversion,  horror,  abomina- 
tion,   disgust,   abhorrence.      Hatred. 

^i\jS\  ^Ji-fi  ^'  ikrdhm,  With  aver- 
sion, unwillingly.    With  constraint. 

A^\  akram,  More  noble,  great,  or  be- 
nign ;  greatest,  supreme. 

iUj^l  ukrHmaff  Honour,  glory,  nobility, 

nundeur,  generosity,  liberality,  benignity, 
beneficence,  clemency,  grace,  goodness. 

jLm^I  ikidd,  BeingduU,  languid  (market). 

^\  akiah,   Weak,  powerless    in   the 

iiands  and  feet,  lame,  unable  to  moTe  fh>m  a 
place.  [stone.    Essence. 

^;MM^1  iktWy  Au  clizir,  the  philosopher's 

J$\  akU,  Eating,  devouring,  corroding, 

consuming,    (^jj^jji\.     Eating  and 

drinking.   ^JUm»  ^i^j0^\  ^^  \a^j\^^ 

They  grew  up  to  the  age  of  seventeen  years, 
alwajrs  in  each  other's  company;  eating  and 
drinking  together,  and  never  separated  one 
fh)m  another. 

JJ^\  iklil,  A  crown,  diadem,  chaplet, 

wreath,  garland.  CS^j^\^\  ihHt^V 
mmlikf  The  royal  crown. 

JU^l  tkmdl,  Perfection,  completion,  per- 
formance, fulfilling,  accomplishing. 

aU^I  akmdm,  The  cups,  follicles,  or  out- 
ward leaves  of  young  unblown  flowers.  Sleeves. 

Ju^l  akamat,  A  hill,  a  heap  of  stones, 
rising  ground. 

J^\  akmal,  More  or  most  complete. 

v^L^t  akndf,  Parts,  sides,  environs, 
quarters,  tracks.    Shares. 

J/f  akwdkh  (pi.  of  ^/  kukh).  Cot- 
tages (those  especially  which  are  made  of  reeds, 
imd  hwro  no  windows). 


n 


(32  J 


^\ 


\\^\  akwdz  (pL  of  Jj^  kilz)y  Gups,  gob- 
letB,  tankards. 

J^l  a*a/  (or  J  1^1  aifeitdJ),  Gluttonous. 
Toraciotts,  deyoariDg,  consuming,  corroding. 

^jJ^^  dkyaa  (pi.  of  ^/m^  ^im),  Purses. 

JL^l  okyQl  (pi.  of  Jm^  Atf^/))  Measures 
(of  grain,  etc). 

Ju^l  akid,  Certain,  positive,  true.  \sib 
1 J^  Ju^K^f  ha%&  al  khahar  aJAdjid- 
dan,  This  news  is  positive,  quite  true. 

Jm^I  akilf  An  eater.    One  who  has  a 

great  natural  appetite,  and  who  deyours  every 
thing. 

Jl  al,  The  Arabio  article  answering  to 
the.  When  this  article  is  preceded  by  the  pre- 
position J  (/•',  for,  to,  etc.),  the  letter 
Alef  IB  suppressed,  and  the  two  letters 

J  are  joined,  as,  v.^jl:d!  HI  tddih, 

For  punishment;  and  the  word  ^\ 

AUah,  Grod,  in  that  case  becomes  ^ 
K  Hah,  For  Ood,  for  God's  sake,  or  to  God. 

J I  dl,  Of&pring,  posterity,  progeny, 
descendants,    family,    house,    race,   dynasty. 

^Ulfiji,  The  posterity   of    Osman, 

the  first  king  of  the  Turks,  the  royal  family  of 
Constantinople. 

V\  illd,  Unless,  except,  besides,  otherwise, 
unless  that    HL  wa  Hid,  Tet,  never- 

theless,  otherwise,  if  not.  \^^^(ji^\ 
WLtf  hcXuiS  JuUl  4^1,  Mh  ihafah  Id 

yakun  ilia  ft  astaf^at  assSbi^at  wbahan^  It  is 
not  twilight  until  seven  o'clock  in  the  morning. 


The  judge  turned  then  towards  him,  and  said 
unto  him :  I  haye  paid  attention  to  thy  wife's 
statement,  now,  therefore,  produce  a  plea  in 
thy  own  defence,  for  otherwise  I  shall  expose 
thy  duplicity,  and  order  thy  imprisonment. 

I^il  dldt.  Instruments,  utensils,  appa- 
ratus, tools,  arms,  harness.   ^Uu^Jl  1^^ 


iM 


LLkl\^  ^^Jt)  jjl  J\j|^ 


gj^j^  _)1  iJL:^  JisjJ  I  He  filled  the 

seven  palaces  with  every  kind  of  magnificent 
furniture  of  silk,  and  vessels  of  gold  and 
silver,  and  utensils  of  every  kind  and  variety 
that  kings  could  require,  and  commanded  his 
daughter  to  reside  in  each  palace  for  a  certain 
space  of  time  in  the  year,  and  then  to  remove 
to  another  of  them. 

uJiT  d^/(pl.  of  uJl\  alf).  Thousands. 

aII    dldm.   Griefs,   pains,    misfortunes. 
Sicknesses.    Passion  of  Christ. 

^tfJl  aldmdn,    Grace,  favour,   mercy, 
quarter.  [now-a-days. 

^t  aldn,  Now,  presently,  at  this  time, 
^  I  ildh,  A  god,  a  Pagan  deity ;  (Omni- 
potence being  expressed  by  ^\  ailahu, 

contracted  from  ^f  J1,  the  radical  \ 
coalescing  with  the  article,  except  when  you 

say  (^UUl  ilaM  nas,  The  God  of 
men). 

i^\  ilahat,  A  goddess. 

^\    ilahl,    Divine.      i^\   dahiyyat, 
"  Divineness,  divinity,  Godhead. 

^ji\  aldy,  s.t.  used  in  Arabic,  A  regiment 
"of  regular  troops. 

c^U\  Mdh  (pi.  of  ^  M),  The  under- 
standing, judgment,  genius. 

^t  albattah,  Certainly,  necessarily,  in 
every  manner,  altogether,  upon  the  whole. 

^LumJI  alhuat  (pi.  of  (jmU),  Cloths,  vest- 
ments, garments.  ^^U^y^Jt,  Rich 
dresses. 

<U|  dht.  An  instrument,  utensil,  tool, 

apparatus,  harness.  JujIisIIiD^  alat^ 
il'tandsul.  The  organ  of  generation. 


^\  \^^\  JX^  ^jSl\  ^^ 


And  as  to  the  couch  upon  which  was  tho 
damsel,  it  had  steps,  and  upon  the  steps  ^verc 
two  slaves,  one  of  them  white  and  the  other 
black,  and  in  the  hand  of  one  of  them  was  a 
weapon  of  steel,  and  in  the  hand  of  the  other 
a  jewelled  sword,  that  blinded  the  eyes. 


(jmUJI  iltibds,  Being  obscure,  intricate, 

I      t      */\   \\      \\      1      *(        \(  doubtful.  Confusion,  intricacy,  doubt.  AVear- 

^]/^^^  C5y*4Jl  ^1  —  \ia^w«  4^3  ^^  I      ing  an  appearance  calculated  to  create  doabt. 


iZ^\ 


(33) 


dii\ 


i*b!l  iUuam,  A  kiss.    Eissing. 

l&ll  Utifd,  Flyiog  for  refage  (to  a  man 
or  pboe].    Seeking  an  asylum.         [a  beard. 

\^\  iUAd,  Beooming  bearded,  getting 

jUut  Uiihdi,  Being  joined,  adhering. 
JoiDiog  one's  self,  or  becoming  joined  to.  Ad- 
haum. 

l*Uut  UUhdm  (a  wonnd),  Being  filled 
Bp  with  fkah^  doains  np,  bealing.  (A  baUle), 
gnwinghot,  fierce,  desperate,  bloody. 

J^JcJIiT^Mds,  Tasting,  savooring,  relish- 

ing. 

I*bl(  HiigdMf  Taking  npon  one's  self, 

thMTpng  one's  self  with.     Hire,  rent.    Lease. 
Takmg  the  public  rerennes  on  farm. 

oU:JI  tUifii,  Turning  one's  face  to- 
vink  Ti^ng  notice  of  persons  or  things. 
Showing  attention  to  persons.  Resnect,  esteem, 
courtesy,  rererenoe,  Teneration,  honour,  be- 
aetolenee,  ^  reeeiTing    politely,     cherishing. 

^  IjU:;!)  11  Jb  J  lam  yahm  tUa  ilti- 

fotanll^  He  did  not  rise  but  out  of  respect 
forme. 

^\  iUikd,  An  interview,  meeting,  con- 
Tenation,  audience,  encounter,  mingling  to- 
gether, jii  JLLs  j>--uJ\  cr*j^  ^ 

«^1  ^j^  fc^l^Li  1 J^'  d-XlJl  \j\ 

^  f,^\  CLylC  \o\jy^\  t^li 
j^\  ^^  UJJl  ^^>J1  ^1  ^^^ 

We  vere  jeolooa  eren  of  the  sephyr  which 
psamd  over  yon ;  hut  when  the  dime  decree 
u  uttered,  the  eye  becomes  blind !  What  re- 
amree  has  the  archer,  when,  in  meeting  the 
cfienj,  he  desireth  to  discharge  the  arrow,  but 
fiidedt  his  bow-string  broken  P  and  when  ad- 
veraties  are  multipU«i  upon  man,  where  shall 
be  find  icAige  from  fate  and  from  destiny  ? 

^^\  mik&t,  Collecting  or  gathering. 

l^^\  iUimds,  Praying,   supplicating, 
pe&tioaiBg. 

y;1  Qtiwd,  Complication,  involution. 

V^«fl\  iUihdh,  Inflammation,  burning. 

A  fire  boniing  fiercely. 
^^  tUatl   (relat.  fem.  pron.),  Who, 

▼Uch,  that.  \fjjxJit\  ^\  JccUl  a$8' 
^  tlUR  msk  imytuha,  "&»  watch  which  I 


madtnat  alkUt  takin  ana  ftha,  The  town  in 
which  I  am  living.  d^^J  lc^' j'**'' 

IfJI  addar  allatl  tahdbtu  ihyhd,  The 
house  to  which  I  went  .  ^\  ij^\ 
\fjkij  alamlrfU  allatl  rmar  tuh&,  The 
princess  whom  I  saw.  l<^^ jy^^ 
^\^\  tjjb  If^  «j:.^/l11,  The  old 

woman  from  whom  I  bought  this  book. 
f\s\  ilfdm,  Bridling. 

JUcsIl  aljimat  (pi.  of  /»VJ),  Bridles,  reins. 

j^\  djahr.  Algebra.   j»ji\  s^^Aju  Jjb 

hal  talplam  ta  aijabr,  Have  you  learnt 
Algebra  P 

^^^1  ilehl,  An  ambassador,  plenipoten- 
tiary, euToy.    Legate.  [urgency. 
Aa^\  ilhdhf   Importunity,   solicitation, 

j\^\tlhdd,  Impiety,  irreligion,  infidelity, 
heresy.  [to  sum  up  slL 

J^tfl^t  ilhdatl,  Upon  the  whole,  in  fine, 

jl«)*»  Hhdk,  Addition,  joining,  coupling. 

JlJl  alhdl,  Now,  at  present.     ii\J\ 

Jfijb,  Now,  this  being  the  case;  things, 
being  thus  situated.  [gether. 

a\jJ\  Uhdm,  Consolidating,  joining  to- 

^\a^\  alhdn  (pi.  of  ^^),  Notes  in  music, 
sounds,  modulations,  notes. 

^lai\  alhakhf  In  reality,  truly,  certainly, 
surely,  the  truth  is,  in  fact. 

»xl\  ahn,  Sweeter,  more  delightful. 

i^iX!!  alatl  (the  relative  maso.  pronoun). 

Who,  which,  that.  V  ^ii^  jJ^^  a/- 
toalad  dla%l  jaa^  The  boy  who  came. 

ijjoj^d^,  Whom  I  saw.     See  ^1. 
^UJl  iltdhy  Joining,  cementing,  gluing. 

a|jJ\  Utdm^  Necessitating,  compelling. 

A^\  o/sam,  More  or  most  necessary. 

^j*j1\  ahun  (or  ^LuJl),  Tongues.  Lan- 
guages, dialects,  idioms. 

/•luJ\^«A'<^m,  Syria,  Damascus.  Aram, 
the  son  of  Shem,  having  possessed  himself  of 
Syria,  gave  it  the  name  of  Aram.  The  appel- 
lation of  £s-Sham,  which  is  giyen  to  both  the 
country  and  its  capital  by  the  natives,  is  sup- 
posed oy  them  to  oe  derived  from 'the  name  of 
the  son  of  Noah.    The  Hebrew  name  of  the 

3 


ujt 


(34) 


J»» 


c%  wai  Damasck,  or  Demesk,  by  which  it  if 
itiU  known,  and  from  which  ii  fonned  Damu- 
cus.  It  originally  had  its  own  kings.  Being 
taken  by  Datid,  and  subsequently  by  Jeroboam, 
King  or  Israel,  it  afterwards  became  subject  to 
the  Assyrians,  Babylonians,  Persians,  Cfreeks, 
and  Romans.  It  is  now  the  capital  of  tiiat 
part  of  Syria  called  the  Pashalic  of  Damascus. 

See  Jmuu^J.  (*^|/  hareihihdm,  Syria, 

or  the  country  of  Shem.    Syria  is  an  abridg- 
ment of  Assyria.     This  country  has  under- 
gone many  revolutions :  within  two  thousand 
nre  hundred  yean,  we  may  reckon  ten  inva- 
sions.   First,  the  Assyrians  of  liineyeh,  who, 
passing  the  Euphrates,  about  the  year  760 
B.C.,  within  sixty  yean  obtained  possession  of 
almost  the  whole  country  lying  to  the  north 
of  JudsBa.    Next,  the  Chalamuis  of  Babylon, 
who,  haying  destroyed  the  power  on  which 
they  were  dependent,  succeeded,  as  by  heredi- 
tary right,  to  its  possession,  and  completed  the 
conquest  of  Syna,  except  only  the  Ide  of 
Tyre.    The  Chaldnans  were  fouowed  by  the 
Persians  under  Cyrus,  and  the  Persians,  by 
the  Macedonians  under  Alexander.     It  then 
seemed  as  if  Syria  was  about  to  cease  beiuf  a 
vassal  to  foreign  powen,  and  to  obtain  a  ms- 
tinct  and  independent  Government;  but  the 
people  who   found   in   Uie  SeleucidsB  only 
cruel  despots,  preferred  the  yoke  of  Pompey, 
and  Syria  became  a  province  of  the  Roman 
Empire.     Five  centunes  after  it  was  annexed 
to  toe  Empire  of  Constantinople.    In  622  the 
Arabs  seized  it.    Since  that  period,  torn  to 
pieces  by  the  civil  wan  of  the  Fatimites  and 
the  Ommiades,  invaded  by  the  Crusaden,  re- 
taken by  the  Mamlouks  of  Egypt,  and  ravaged 
by   Tamerlane,  it  has  been  taken  by   the 
Ottomans.    In  the  year  1832  it  was  occupied 
by  the  army  of  Ibrahim  Pasha  of  Egypt,  but 
Great  Britain  restored  it   to   the   Ottoman 
Empire  in  the  year  1840.    This  country  will 
be  regenerated  as  soon  as  the  Syro-Mesopo- 
tamian  Railway  connects  it  with  India  and 
Europe. 

uJlDl  altdf,  Benefits,  favours. 

Ult  ilghd,  Abolishing!  annulling. 

jUll  alghdz,  Enigmas,  riddles,  mysteries, 
unintelligible  discounes. 

SmJi\  alf,  A  thousand,     xji  uJit  i^*^"^^ 
^ndl  alf  lira,  I  have  £1000.    U^CuJ 

And  Taj-el-Muluk  thanked  her,  and  ordered 
his  slave  to  give  her  a  thousand  pieces  of  gold, 
read  the  letter,  and  wept  violently. 

S^Ull  alfaty  Words,  vocables,  terms. 

ls^\  ulfat,   Friendship,  attachment,  fa- 
miliarity,   companionship,    intimacy. 


fji^\  IfJaJ ,  We  lived  upon  the  earth 

a  happy  Ufe,  united  in  fellowship,  and  in  abode 
and  home;  but  fortune,  with  its  changea, 
parted  us  from  each  other,  and  annulled  our 
friendship,  and  now  the  grave-clothes  have 
united  us! 

g\yi\  JSlfarOh,  The  river  Euphrates.  The 

Government  of  His  Imperial  Majesty  the 
Sultan  ore  not  only  very  willing  to  see  the 
projected  railway  from  Constantinople  to  the 
Persian  Gulf  become  a  reality,  but  aie  dao 
making  roads  from  Alexandretta  to  Aleppo, 
and  from  Aleppo  to  Berejik  on  the  Eu- 
phrates, which  roads,  during  my  stay  at 
Aleppo,  last  year,  were  proffressing  moot 
favourably.  Besides  this,  the  Turkish  autho- 
rities were  tryine  to  colonize  the  banks  of 
the  Euphrates.  To  this  effect,  they  had  built 
barracks  in  many  places,  and  especially 
at  Meskene,  which  is  the  natural  port  of 
Aleppo  for  the  navigation  of  the  Euphrates. 
'  Many  steamboats,  during  my  stay  at  Aleppo, 
came  from  Bagdad  to  Meskene,  and  brought 
cargoes  of  Tombak,  dates,  and  other  goods ; 
but  the  navigation  was  temporarily  stopped  in 
the  summer  on  account  of  the  shaUownesa  of 
the  river  in  some  places.  The  steamen  go 
from  Aleppo  to  Bagdad  in  six  days,  and  from 
Bagdad  to  Aleppo  in  about  ten  dajs.  The 
distance  frx>m  Aleppo  to  Beles  on  the  Euphrates 
is  about  fifty-two  miles. 

li)\  ilkd,  Throwing,  casting  out  of  the 

hand  before  one ;  merely  dropping  a  thiog, 
without  projecting  it  to  a  distance. 

i^\£l\  alkdbf  Titles  of  honour,  appella- 
tions, epithets,  additions,  surnames. 

f^]/^\  AlkHrdn,  Koran,   or,   with  the 
article  Alcoran.   Cj3l«  ^\  Cj\^  i^\ 

•■^-^  J^  r^^  /^  <J  cy.*.^^u^\j 

(Jt«j  Jjbl ,  I  am  a  king,  and  the  son  of 

a  king.  I  read  the  Kuran  according  to  the 
seven  traditions,  and  perused  various  works 
under  the  tuition  and  auspices  of  different 
learned  professors  of  their  suuject.  I  stu^ie^l 
astrology,  and  the  compositions  of  the  poets,  and 
made  myself  so  proficient  in  all  the  sciences 
that  I  surpassed  all  my  contemporaries  I 


^\ 


(35) 


^' 


1^1  Alhrak,  The  Gharaz  Omano- 

Tom  of  Ftinjr. 

<111  AM,  God :  The  God,  by  way  of 
eminaiee  (bemg  oompoimded  of  the  article 

Jl  the,  apd  ^\,  a  God).     lOJl  w 
o^^!l,  In  the  name  of  Gh>d  the 

Stenttl,  the  Ererlastiiig  throughout  all  Ages. 
In  the  luuDe  of  God  who  begetteth  not,  and 
vhovat  not  batten,  and  nnto  whom  there  is 
wot  like.  In  the  name  of  God,  the  Mighty 
ttd  PowezfoL    In  the  name  of  the  iJTing 

God  who  dieth  not.    CXJI  lU Jj  jJ, 

I  bsve  eondneted  him  to  thee,  and  brought 
him  to  thy  presence,  that  thou  mayest  test  the 

na,  and  decide  between 


*'  ^2m,  Chief,  troable,  affliction,  an- 
^oi^  misery,  distress,  anxiety,  care,  solicitude, 
sad&ea,  Tsxation,  agony,  pain,  disquietode. 

OnUII  tf/ndt,  A  diamond. 

^^1  ilmd^.  Shining,  making  a  brilliant 
m^etnnce. 

^i\  aUpdh,    Planks,    boards,    tables. 

Sorfeoes.    See  -jl. 

j^»  alwdn.  Colours,   of  varioas  sorts 


..v« 


iuii!*!^  L^jJb,  There 


^  Bw  1  great  haU,  and  four  large,  wide,  and 
^  ehamben,  each  fronting  one  another^ 
*««**ted  with  gold  and   silver,    and  with 

▼arioas  colours.     See  ^^. 

^y^  W*/,   Thousands.     Alikf,   Very 

^"^itisr. 

S*>1  ^Hia^Qi,    The  deity.   Godhead. 
T^  qnslity  of  being  God,  divinity. 

^^  ^  A  god,  God.    ^^USWI,  The 
G«l  of  worlds.    ^lUui^^JlAin 


<  Uj  uioUJu  fc^y^  Uj  tlijLl 


(J/jL^,  There  is  no  deity  but  Thou! 

How  great  is  thy  dignity !  And  how  mighty 
is  thy  dominion !  SjA  how  excellent  is  thy 
goTemmentS  Thou  hast  bestowed  favours 
i^n  him  whom  Thou  chosest  among  tiiy 
servants. 


l^t  Hh&hy  Inflaming,  kindling. 
^l^\  tMdf»,   Inspiration,    divine   reve- 

latioQ.     ^^\  ^l|Jt  and  ^U^  A^^t 
The  inspiratfon  of  God. 
l^\  alihat,  The  gods.  Haihat,  A  goddess. 
A  &lse  God,  an  idol.    i^\y^\  i^\  The . 

God  of  wine,  Bacchus.  ^^^m^IX^\  The 
goddess  of  beauty,  Venus.  ' 

^\  tlahl,  Divine.     My  God !  O  God ! 

M 

^t  tlhiyat,  The  divinity,  deity. 
^\  %la\  To,  until,  even  to>  as  far  as. 
j^Upl^l  ^\,  Until  the  end  of  time. 

j^l^Jl,  Till  now,  till  this  time,  until 
this  hour.    ^^1  ^Jl,  Until  that.     ^\ 

Iju^li^^,  Until  this  day.  ^^^^\, 
how  much  longer?  until.  iil\  L^U  ^\ 
ih  md  shd  aUahy  To  or  until  (the  time) 
which  God  wills,  ad  infinitum.  ^\ 
ijs>\  ila  aikhirihiy  To  the  end,  and 
so  forth,  etc.    Jjl'  ^\  ila  Idhd,  To  all 

eternity.     IfJI  ^Ja^  Ax^  '^^/  ^^ 

When  she  drew  near  to  him  he  rose  to  her, 
standing  upon  his  feet,  and  seated  her  by  his 
side ;  and  she  took  forth  the  paper  and  handed 
it  to  him,  saying,  Read  its  contents^ 

^ji*J\  alaysa.  Is  it  not?      i^\j*^^ 

iX^-lj  ^y£  i^y^  dlayaa  tna^  »iwa* 
ghurahun  Aoahidy  Have  I  not  but  one  piastre 

only?  ^Uijji  <Gl  ^^^iUJt  ^^  j^l, 
Might  he  not  have  deceived  himself  P 

L»fiJl  aUf,  A  companion,  comrade,  inti- 
mate  friend,    favourite,    familiar,    domestic 


(36) 


U\ 


^  ^*  ^* 

U-Li.  I4)  ^^y  ^^\  aUUU«,  0  lion, 

who  hast  decayed  thyself  by  thy  pride,  thou 
hast  perished,  and  hast  roused  up  my  grief 
for  my  beloved!  Thou  hast  rendered  me 
solitary,  I  who  was  her  eompanion,  and  made 
the  bowels  of  the  earth  to  be  her  graye, 
where  she  is  pledged !  I  say  to  Time,  that  has 
afllicted  Ae  with  her  separation,  God  forbid 
that  thouBhouldst  show  me  a  friend  in  her 
■tead  (her  successor) ! 

fji\  allm,  Grieving,  painful. 

j^jJI  afyanm,  To-day.  Jyd^  \j\  j,^\ 
afyaum  ana  nuuh^huly  I  am  busy  to-day. 

A  am,  Whether?  ot?  jj^  J  aIS  jjj\ 
Azeidkatn  a^  ^amrt  Bid  Zeid  stand  up  or 

J^|^JL4JtJ\viCj,OtoxDbI  Otomb! 

haye  his  charms  perished,  and  has  that  brilliant 
face  changed  P  0  tomb !  thou  art  neither  a 
garden  nor  a  firmament:  how  then  can  the  ftdl 
moon  and  the  sun  be  united  in  thee  P 

m\  umm,  A  mother.  \^i^Cji^\  um 
mak  ghaniyahJidd<M^  Thy  mother  is  Tery  ridh. 

Ul  oma,  le  it  not?  c- jls^tliiJxci  Ul 
Uma  a^ytuka  Utib,  Have  I  not  given  yon  a 

book  ?      *  J^    ^    J»AJ1   Jyg^JJJ 

jJUJI  >,jJ  j^jJl,  The  blear-eyed 
escapes  a  pit  into  which  the  dear-sighted  falls ; 
and  the  ignorant  is  sayed  by  an  exprenion 
which  causes  the  ruin  of  the  shrewd  sage. 
The  ^ood  faithfdl  finds  difficulty  in  gaining 
his  daily  bread,  while  the  unbelieyer  and  the 
impious  haye  plenty.  What  art  or  act  can  a 
mortal  contriye  P  Is  such  a  atate  of  things 
not  the  effect  of  the  decrees  of  tiie  Almighty  P 

j^^f\  umm^mir,  The  nickname  of  the 


err?  *>rV*^'  J^  cr*  ^j*^^^) 
•^Ix  (•!;-!-?•  i/J^  Ui,  We  did 

good  to  them,  and  they  corresponded  with  the 
reyerse ;  and  such,  by  my  life,  is  the  conduct 
of  the  wicked.  Thus  he  who  acts  kindly  to 
those  who  do  not  deserye  it,  is  rewarded  in  the 
same  manner  as  the  aider  of  Umm  Amir  (the 
hysDna). 

tfl  ammd,  Bat,  however,  notwithstand- 
ing,  neyertheless.  Immia,  But  if,  unless.  ZmSj 
Female  slayes,  maid-seryants. 

iZj\^\  ummat,  Mothers,  roots  (pi.  of  ^1 

umm),  ' 

f^\^\  amdsH,  Eqnak,  peers,  nobles, 
grandees,  free  men,  eminent,  conspicuous,  dis- 
tinguished men.  [Ulustrious. 

«X5>-U«1  amajidf  More  or  most  glorious, 

^Ul  amdrat,  A  sign,  mark,  signaL 
Imiarat,  A  goyernment,  a  district  under  the 
authority  01  a  gpyemor.  Dominion,  power, 
authority,  soyereignty. 

^U!  am&Inn  (pi.  of  ^IC«  makdn). 
Places,  mansions,  habitations. 

JUi  Gmdl,  Desires,  hopes.  Signs, 
signak.       JU)1  i...^).    (God)     the 


granter  of  desires.    Jhsl\  J^j       -r 

j^lji^Jl  Juu  ^,  Probably  Fortune 

will  turn  her  rein,  and  bring  happiness  and 
prosperity ;  for  Fortune  is  naturally  change- 
able :  my  desires  may  be  crowned  with  success, 
and  my  wants  satisfied,  and  the  most  happy 
eyents  may  follow  and  replace  adyersity. 

^tfl  imdlah,  A  causing  to  incline. 

aUi^  amdm,  Before  (in  point  of  time  and 
place).    Imam,  A  head,  chief,  leader. 

^Ul  im&mat,  The  ofiice  of  Imam. 

^Ul   am&nj    Security,   safety,    peace, 

tranquility,  protection.    ^USI,  Quar- 
ter I  mercy! 

ij\^\  amdnat,  A  deposit,  trust.  Security, 
safety.  Faith.  Belief.  ^^^^(J^^OJhb 

*^Ls)1,  0  thou,  heardest  thoa   not 


.! 


Vi^]^,  Where  are  the  kings  and  the 

bdldatf  tovns  in  the  flvthP    They  haTe 

quttsd  tbt  which  tiiej  hare  Imilt  and  peopled, 

od  ii  fte  gnve  tiiej  are  pled^  for  tlieir 

fHtaCJoH ;  there,  after deetmcbon,  they  have 

nesflMictrid  bones!    Where  are  the  troopi P 

Tbeji^ikd  not,  nor  profited!    And  where 

iitbitwyeh^eoUeetod  and  hoarded  P  The 

ton  of  the  Lord  of  HeaTen  soiprifled  them — 

BotfacrneliaBorrefiBge  saTed  ih«tt  from  death ! 

iy\  amt&k  (pL  of  U  m&),  Waters. 

j^\  wm9r  (pL  of  y^  tfwr),  Things, 
ifiin^  actions.  Acts,  deeds,  businesses, 
iLft^-j^l  (hod,   beautifnl,   elegant 

tldogs.    j^yui\jy9^,  PaUic,  or  state 


(89) 


\i\ 


o'^t  wmwuieU  (pL  of  a\),  Hothen. 


Btt  I  ma  not  aarare  when  there  alifhted 
noif  «  the  temunator  of  delighti  ana  the 
Mpa»bor  of  eompaniona,  the  deaolator  of 
ibodtt,aad  the  laniger  of  inhabited  manaiona, 
^  deitrojer  of  the  xretA  and  the  amall,  and 
and  tiie  dildzen,  and  the  mothera. 


J'ftl  mkHy  Prolonging,  giving  a  delay, 
ddnia^,  granting  longer  time.    Expecting, 

pQCQgHfflg. 

j^l  Kmnf,  KatemaL     Ummi,  one  who 
'cm  adthcr  read  nor  write. 

JU1  amjfal  (pi.  of  J^  mil).  Miles. 

;rtl  saifr,  Prince,  chief,  leader,  noble- 
ua,  lord,  a  governor,  commander,  or  penwn 

whomles  over  a  number  of  people.^;^^ 

l/i1^  The  anilr  ul  umra,  prince  of 
fo»tu,  a  Tioeroy  or  goremor  of  a  great  pro- 
vince.   ^j^\j^\,  The  general  of 

i&  tmj,   ^j^yi\;t^^9  The  com- 

muder  of  the  fidthfdl.       ^^r^^\ 

^  Fnfcct,  or  diief  of  the  pilgrima,  one  of 
the  BQrt  honoQiable  employments  in  the 
WiitwBt  of  the  SaltMH. 


.^  dmlM,  So  let  it  be !  amen  I 

^-^1  amln,  Secure,  safe.  A  man  who 
may  be  truuBted ;  honest,  upright.  A  high  ciril 
fonctianaxy  baring  eharge  of  goremment  pro- 
perty, a  superintendent.  ^/W'^;;*-*' 
mm-^'Olaff  (from  the  Turkish  ^^!t1 
^j^  aiay  amtfif ),  A  military  ofloer 

of  the  newnffolar  artoy,  ranking  next  to  the 
lientenant-colonel,  who  had  charge  of  the 
atorea  and  accoonta  of  the  regiment ;  the  title 

andrank  is  now  abolished.  ^Lo^l^j-*^' 

amin-a-ttradna^  The  (forma)  anperintendent 
of  the  Imperial  dockyard  at  Constantiaople. 

Jf  &n.  Time.  Ji\  aldn,  Now,  at  this 
time.  Ji^^y  «»»«  oldn,  From  this 
time,  henceforth.  Ji\\jJt^\  Ua' h<ad' 
Vtm,  To  thia  moment,  until  thia  hour,  hitherto. 

jb\a^\  jj0jB^  y  And  he  has  been  with 

me  two  yeara  separated  from  hia  country ;  it 
ia  my  desire,  therafore,  that  we  should  prepare 
for  him  merchandise,  that  he  may  depart  with 
satia&ctiou  in  hia  hourt ! 

Ji  an,  That.     t-^\  J\  JJj^  wrUf  an 

asM-ab,  I  wish  to  drink  (Ut.  I  wish  that  I 
shoulddrink).  ^\^U'/a'fl»,  Until  that. 
^\  in,  If  (at  any  time),  if  so  be.     As 


dlJ\U^^  If  God  pleases. 


K^^\,  in  iaktub  aktub,  If  thou  wilt 

write,  I  will  write.    \i!^  J^^  ^J^^', 
If  true  and  if  false,  whether  true  or  £idse. 

J^\  in  Um,  If  not,  unless,  except. 
^  anna  and  ^\  annahu,  Since,  because, 
but  that,  that.  Ka  ^  CSJ^'i  Id  fhdkha 
anna,  There  is  no  doubt  but  that.  ^Jx 
^  ^W  anna,  So  that.  J^  U  anna  or 
ijl  li annaha,  Since,  because  that.  ^^ L« 

ma  anna,  As  for  as,  whilst,  until,  so  long  as. 

j^U^lJj;;^^  JmJtf,  I  wiU  not 

do  that  so  long  as  the  stars  are  in  heaven. 
\j\  and,  1  (the  personal  pronoun).    Ind, 

A  Tase,  um.     \j\  innd.  Indeed  we, 
truly  we. .  [and  men. 

)\j\ind9.  Women.  j/*3^  CL^U^jWomen 


A 


(40) 


2-jl 


Js«»-lit  tmSjil  (pL  of  ^}f;sf^),  Goepds. 
tUi  <M4ra,  May  God  Olnnunate,   en- 
lighten, make  dear.   ^\  s^-jo^j  ^1j 

*j^\^  ^juj^\  L^jlil  ^f»j*L?^cr* 

J^^  ttT^X^  ^^  4Ki-±^J,  And 
if  thoQ  agatn  nuke  lue  of  inch  worda,  thoa 
riuilt  be  punished  on  my  part  with  the  ntmost 
■ereritr.  Br  him  who  created  manlrind  of 
eongeaied  blood,  and  gaTe  light  to  the  ami 
and  the  moon !  if  then  repeat  the  popoeal 
thoa  hast  made,  I  will  aamredly  (cnuaiy} 
hang  thee  on  the  trunk  of  a  tree ! 

^^\j\  AncLtuU^  Anatolia,  Aria  MiDor. 

il\i\  indlatt  Giving,  bestowing.  Causing 
one  to  follow,  to  attain.     ^^^  '^^-^W 


jIjU^  ^jiJ\ 


S^^'j 


I 

u'^^^  1)^5  J»>  *ji  U^JJij^k 

♦;!«;.  Jl*  Ijjfc  4  dJiU-fljU  •  Lilt, 

0  pretender  to  lore  and  affliction,  and  sleep- 
lessness,  and  feelings  of  raptarons  passion,  and 
anxiety!  Dost  thoa  seek  for  a  meeting,  0 
deceiyed,  from  a  moon?  Does  any  mortal 
attain  his  wish  from  the  moon?  I  adTise 
thee  to  abstain  from  thy  desire :  forbear  then, 
and  beware,  for  thoa  art  exposed  to  peril ! 

/^\j\  andm,  Ken,  mankind. 

J^Ut    andmil,    FingerSi   tips    of    the 
fingezB. 

^U1  andniyat,  Egotism. 

LJi  mbdf  Commanicating  intelligence. 

!pLmJ\  imhisat,   Oladness,  cheerfulness, 
joy,  exaltation,  recreation,  jubilee,  delight, 

mirth.    ^^lijJl  ^yLtUi.  ^^J^\^ 

^- 

^^,ji'  ^'^f^9  I  passed  by  a  tailor, 
sitting  in  his  shop.    I  saluted  him,  and  he 


letoned  my  aalntatiaii,  and  wdoomed  me, 
and  rejoieed  with  me,  asking  me  the  reason  of 
my  having  left  my  own  country. 

CtUjit  imh^di^  PiooeediDg,  issoingfortli. 

Sending,  miasioD. 

LjI  amh^d  (pi.  of  ^  nabl),  Piopbets. 

f^^\  mU,  Thou,     c-^  Jsrj  i*i-^ '» 
Mte  n^  teyyift,  Thou  art  a  good  man. 

^\:j\  mtdj,  Prodacing  as  a  oonseqaance. 

j*o  infer,  to  draw  an  inference. 
gLsj]  Mibdh,  Yigilance,  circomspection, 

oonsidexation;  being  upon  one's  guard. 

JUj  JUj5  JU  cL^spry  ^^ 

I  then  returned  to  my  reason,  and  reooTered 
from  my  heedUssness,  and  found  that  my 
wealth  nad  passed  away,  and  fny  condition 
had  changed,  and  all  that  I  had  possessed  had 
gone. 

c^lacOl  iniiihdh,   Election,    selection, 
choice,  to  elect,  to  select.    ^  t^y^^ 

^_^U"^>/s  jyiU  y  J  diye  in  the  ocean  of 

eloquence,  where  I  select  the  best  pearls,  mnd 
from  the  tree  of  speech  I  cull  the  ripe  and 
beautifdl  fruit,  while  others  gather  the  dry 
wood. 

clirJl  in/«d^.  Plucking  out  or  off. 

c-^LyCjf  intiidhy  Eolation,  reference,  al- 
Uanoe,  connexion,  belonging,  having  regard 
or  respect  to. 

^lujJl  intiihdr,  Publishing,  divulging. 

•UkJl  tfUizdr,  Expectation,  an  anxious 

wish  to  see  any  person  or  thing.  jl^)l^ 

jU!\^^  Jl21»\,  Mntttar  ashaddumin  an» 
nor.  Expectation  is  wone  than  fire  (Arabic 

proverb).    |^Ua:j1  intindran,  In  expec- 
tation, [larity.    Arrangement. 

i*U£j\  intisdmy  Order,  disposition,  rega- 
^\msj\  inii^sh,  To  be  revived.     tXiJ^ 

v/-'j  J^^  ^J^3  LT^  *^^y^ 


r 


-I 


(41) 


^jmi 


A 


UttBitTneimyfoiil  had  xetorned  to  me,  and 
my  power  of  motion  was  renewed ;  and  I 
b^gan  to  BedHate  and  to  walk  along  the 
shore  of  tlie  kland. 

^Ibjl  Mfikky  Swellingy  becoming  in- 
Hated,  bbvB  19.    Being  infUmed. 

(Ifij^  tt^^,  Being  benefited,  deriving 

a  profit  «  advanta^.  Uaeftibieai,  utiHtj, 
pnn^  idfa&tige,  gam. 

JtfJl  mtikal.  Changing  one's  place  of 

nsdeaee.  Ttaoaporting,  carrying,  tnmsferring, 
eawita^f  tnTellin^  from  one  place  to 
nottier.   Dying,  paasmg  to  the  other  world. 

ittiiJl  nUik&my    Berenge^    vengeance, 


«i)1  adum,  Yon  (maac.   pinr.)     Ui3l 

'  inteia,  Ton  two  (dnal). 

tcit  mima.  Being  connected  or  having 
a  idadoe  with.    Growing  out  of. 

IfJl  Mka,  The  end,  extremity,  termi- 
itttioii.'  Being  finished,   terminated. 

V-^  cr*5  J=^  ur*  J^^  ^jLa^iii 

♦^jLa^^l^    i:;W^'^>    They    acquired 

v€^  both  lawftd  and  forbidden;  but  it 
r^eOed  not  &te  when  the  appointed  time  of 
deiih  expired.  They  led  troope  in  mnltitndee, 
adetdleetedrichea;  and  they  left  their  wealth 

ad  bmldinga  and  departed.  ^=^t  J1 
^Upl,  Until  the  end  of  time. 

V'f'l  ifdihAhf   Bapine,   depredation, 

!p<nl,  booty. 

j^l  wUhat,  Searching,  inqairing, 
vat^iog  fior,  finding  an  opportonity,  selling 
Hie  oppurtuity. 

1^1  tMM*,  A  woman,  female. 

m 

^<s^iV^,  Helping,  defending,  assbting. 

j*^  Mfds,  The  fulfilment  (of  a  pro- 
B«).   To  perform. 

^laci  m/is«,  Impurities  of  all  kinds. 

V**3aH  mjiuib.  Inclination,  attraction, 

•tttOK&tt  allnremient  Being  drawn  or  at- 
fiidei 

%^«riZii,  To  be  obliterated.    ^  i^lSlj 


Jj 


'^y 


brW 


And  he 


liTcd  with  hia  two  wires  in  enjoyment  and 
happineaa,  and  prosperi^,  and  cheerfUnees; 
thus  he  remained  for  a  long  period  of  time ; 
his  anxieties  and  sorrows  were  obliterated. 

jUflcrl  injtmdd,  Congelation,  curdling. 

J-^1  tnfil,  The  gospel.  ^J^  inj^Hf 
Erangelical,  erangelist 

jj^  inhiddr,  To  descend  a  river,  or  a 
mountain,  to  go  down.  (JiJ^fS**^^ 

JUj  AA  ij^,  So  I  rode  on  the 

railway,  and  descended  to  the  city  of  Elbasrah 
with  a  party  of  merchants,  and  we  traTeraed 
the  sea  for  many  days  and  nights. 

i^\jasr\  inhtrdff  Declination  (in  astro- 
nomy). Deflexion,  inrersion,  change.  A  dis* 
ease,  distemper,  defect. 

fjissr]    inhHal,  *  Solution,    unbinding. 

Being  loose,  untied. 

j\i>as^    inhrndTf     Being    surrounded, 

bounded,  restricted  (in  action,  number,  etc.), 
monopoly. 

IffUoflirt  inhitdif  Descending  fronM>n  high 

LaH  inhind,  Inflexion,  inclination, 
bowing.  [in  the  joints. 

^lUrl  inkhild^f  A  looseness  or  relaxation 

^^\jjj\  indirds,  Obliteration,  erasing, 
being  defaced. 

^IjJjl  tndi/d^,  Repulsion,  removal. 
Being  repelled,  carried  off. 

j\jj\  intdr,  Exhortation,  advice  mixed 
with  threatenings,  deterring,  putting  in  fear. 

^U^t  inni^dj,  Agitation,  emotion,  con- 
cussion.     To  be  agitated,  to  be  troubled. 

^\y}  ij\Srj  4\jj3j  -dy  L^\,j\,Whm 

the  king  heard  these  words  his  heart  was 
trouble^  and  he  feared  for  his  kin^om,  and 
called  out  to  the  lords  of  his  empire  and  his 
ministers,  chamberlains,  and  lieutenants. 

\»jj\  fMUffi,  Going  into  retirement.  Be- 
tirement. 

^^\  iMf  Mankind.     JLJ\^  Sjii\  *X&\^ 


it 


(42) 


t/* 


•A 


jjj/L  Ll«Jl  ts-flsr  ^ja^jltj,  He 

made  ready  his  accoutrements  and  weapons, 
and  mounted,  with  his  forces  of  the  Jinn  and 
of  mankind,  upon  the  carnet,  with  the  birds 
flying  oyer  his  head,  and  the  wild  beasts 


beneath  the  carpet  marching,  is^ 

Jr^^J^  ^ILJ\ J>J  ^  c^y \  J. 

j«jy  {j*»j\  ^A*^  **^vL«i  He  therefore 

deposited  his  burden  with  the  dooivkeeper, 
in  the  entrance-passage,  and,  entering  the 
house  with  the  page,  he  found  it  to  be  a 
handsome  mansion,  presenting  an  appearance 
of  joy  and  majesty. 

^«»UJl   ans&b,    Oenerationsy    families, 

lines,  successors,  progenies,  parentages.  Gene- 
alogies. 

^jLj\  imdn,  Man.     ^j-jJ'^^LjI,   The 
pupil  of  the  eye.  ic^\ib^jJu  HI  J«j  J 

iLuJ\,  There  remaineth  not  but  a 


^- 


flitting  breath,  and  an  eye  whose  pupil  is  in- 
animate. ^  There  remaineth  not  a  joint  of 
any  of  his  limbs,  but  in  it  is  a  constant 
disease.  And  his  tears  are  flowing,  and  his 
bowels  burning;  and  yet  he  is  silent  His 
enemies  weep  for  him  out  of  compassion. 
Alas  for  him  whom  the  exalting  foe  pitietii ! 

(JLwt   insdnl,   Hnman.      XjLjI   in- 

am  — 

taniyatf  Human  nature,  humanity.  Courtesy, 
civility,  urbanity,  politeness. 

c-^mmJ1  ansctb,  More  or  moat  convenient, 
'agreeable,  conformable.  [locked. 

jI^XmJI    nmdddf   Being    shuti    cloeed, 
^jg»*^\  nUf,  A  human  being.    1^  u^JlU 

Li  Uujf  ^  <JL^\*\^  JLi.1, 1  answered 

her,  I  am  a  man.  And  who,  she  asked,  has 
brought  thee  to  this  place  in  which  I  haye 
lived  five-and-twenty  years  without  ever  seeing 
a  human  being  P 

\JLi\   tnfhdf   Beginning,   creating,  pro- 
ducing.   Oomposihg  or  reciting  (verse).   Ele- 


gance of  style.    Form,  style,  oompo- 

sition.     ^\mj  <dl\  UjI  inshd  alliihu 

taf^ala%  Ejaculations,  implying,  if  it  pleases 
Ood,  Qod  willing,  by  the  blessing  of  God,  etc. 

jluJ  \  imhdd,  To  recite,  recitation. 


^^J^   jIuJI    9^^\9   hj^^f   '^^   ^® 

heard  in  that  place  the  melodious  sounds  of 
stringed  instruments,  with  the  lute  among 
them,  and  mirth-exciting  voices,  and  varieties 
of  distinct  recitations. 

-.\^\  ifuhirdh,  Joy,  gladness,  expan- 
sion of  the  bosom  with  joy.     (Jju^U 

lliC^  l^bU  vl^Jutf    -^uIjUj  (J>Jj1\ 

Lfi   Af»i^U,  0  my  mistress,    thou 

hast  no  need  of  these  servants  at  the  present 
time,  nor  will  thy  heart  be  elated  as  long  as 
they  are  with  us ;  so  dismiss  them  from  us. 

jIL£J1  ituhtkdk,  Being  divided,  aplit, 
deft,  splitting. 

j\^\  am&r  (pi.  of  j0c\j  ndasurjf  Assist- 
ants, defenders,  auxiliaries,  companions,  con- 
federates, warriors,  protectors  (applied  par- 
ticularly to  the  citizens  of  Medina  who 
assisted  Mahomet  when  obliged  to  fly  from 
Mecca). 

djj\^\   Amdriahf    A   numerouB    and 

powerM  people,  occupying  a  large  territory 
in  Caramania  and  Syria.  They  are  divided 
into  sevoral  tribes  or  sects,  all  worshipping 
the  Kalif  All  as  Ood*s  incarnation.  To  nave 
an  idea  of  the  religion  of  the  Ansariah,  which 
is  a  mixture  of  BudoiBme^  Braminism,  Juda- 
ism, Christianism,  and  Mahometanism,  see 
Journal  A§itUique  tU  Paria,  1648.  Ijetters 
addressed  to  Mohl  by  the  Author. 

uJluo;!  iiMdff  Equity,  justice.  cl^(3  i^mj 

cli3  bLaJ\  fa^^  Mi/t^  insdfan  lika, 
He  has  done  this  to  do  you  justice  (as  an  act 

of  justice  in  your  behalf,     u^^fy^  yi^ 

And  he  loves  justice  and  canity,  and  hatea 
tyranny  and  oppression,  and  nis  son  is  in  thi 
city.  He  is  toe  vital  spirit  of  his  heart,  and 
the  fruit  and  delight  of  nis  liver. 

L^\^\  imibdb,  Being  poured  out* 
lJ\j^\   tmirdf,   Betiring,    returning 


j\ 


(48) 


(^ 


'A 


md  tin  jfoHat^  wmdk  tamarif  hahauL 
mrl^f  Ton  ought  not  to  liaye  retired  so  soon. 


Xliai,  biTiDg  bidden  Iiiin  farewell,  and  Boothed 
Ui  Bdad,  ihe  departed,  and  proceeded  without 
stcvpng  to  the  Lady  Dunya :  and  she  had 
luadeB  the  paper  in  her  hair. 

/•Ldil  inimdm,  Addition,  conjanction, 
eoUeetion.  (^mtraetion,  conatitdning,  coercingi 
bindiiig  together.    Adjunction. 

^/livl  eiUdkl,  Belonging  to,  or  a  native 

of  Aotioeh,  in  Syria.  ^Uai^  Antdkla, 
Antioch.  Antakia  was  c^ed  Biblath,  but 
being  chosen  by  Seleucua  Kicator,  to  be  the 
Stat  of  hia  future  goyemment  it  received  the 
nime  of  Antioch  nrorn  respect  to  his  fether 
Antiochu.  For  seTeral  centuries  it  was  the 
nnieaot  of  ihe  Sjro-Maoedonian  kings,  and 
afterwards  of  the  Boman  goTemors  of  this 
pronnce.  The  **defenoed  city/'  she  that 
naked  third  amidst  idl  the  proTinces  of 
fiome,  now  lies  stretched  "  silent  and  in  dark- 
iieiS'*  lifeless,  yet  beautifU  in  death.  The 
Euphrates  Valley  Railway  will  giTe  life  and 
nsaxrection  to  all  Syria  and  Mesopotamia. 

See  Jj  Jls)\  ^Jb  iarlhul  haHd. 
^\  tnitfd,  Being  eztingoished,  being 

pat  or  going  out. 
jUait  irUildk,  Departure,  going  away. 
To  go  on.    ^\j^\j^  .J  Uiliij^  jij 

^1  {jo\ij,  We  continned  our  voyage 

OBtil  we  arrived  at  an  island  like  one  of  the 
gtrdeosof  Paradise. 

f^\  Msdffi,  Putting  in  order.  Com- 
posing vems. 

J\ai\  m^dZ,  Shoeing  (a  horse). 

/•U)\  an^im.  Camels,  cattle,  animals. 
In^dm^  A  present,  gift,  benefaction, 
doQitive,  benefit,  largess.  B«ward. 
^\mj\  m^dM,  Granting  a  favour.     U 

^1  C\mj\  i\  i^  C^3  J^  mdkdn 

t»lik  mmh  iOa  Mi^amtffi  il^TJ,  That  was  done 
by  him,  merdy  as  a  favour  in  my  behalf. 

oUasjf  in^itdf,  Being  inverted,  turned, 
UHbeiit. 


jUftjl  in^kdd,  Becoming  tied  or  bound 
(a  knot,  a  oontraot). 

(jM\iju\  ini,ikds,  Eeflection,  repercus- 
sion, reverberation,  recoiling.    ^yi\ 

J^  ^,  The  rainbow  is  produced  by 
the  reflexion  of  the  sun's  rays  on  the  rain. 

\^Jj\  anff  A  nose.  J^t  <^ff  The 
nose  of  a  mountain,  t.^.  a  promontory. 

j\aj\  anfdr^  Soldiers,  persons.     Indivi- 
duals. 

^jM\Ai\anf&B  (pi.  oi^jiM  nafcu).  Breath- 
ings, breath.  [profitable. 

cUjI   tnfd^f  Profiting,   gaining,  being 

j\jju\  injk-dd,  Singularity.   jl^Jl  ^le- 

(or  U|^1  %nfirddan\  Singularly,  one 
by  one. 

jUajI  infirdkf  Being  separated. 

^^^\   anfoi,  More  or   most  precious. 

Anfus,  Souls.     {J^\  {jJu\,  anjui  al 
nunota'.    The  souls  of  the  dead. 
JLdijl    tnfisdl,     Separation,    division. 

^\jSi  t3jj,\  ,jjh  j^  ^\  UWi  ju, 
juiiji  juf,\  ju-iii  ju^  ifrS-d, 

And  he  said  to  her,  0  my  mother,  this  paper 
must  be  followed  by  complete  union,  or  com- 
plete separation.  [two. 

fXaij\  tnfisdm,  Being  cut  or  broken  in 

^\  anfd^  (pi.  of  ^U  n^Ji^,  More  or 

most  useful.    Convenient. 
JUaj\  infill,  Afiiction,  grief. 

j\Ai\  inkd%,  Setting  at  liberty,  dividing 
or  separating  ofie  thing  from  another.  To  save. 

uJjoIk^I  Jl*  ij-^ji'  ^  ^"  among 

the  number  of  those  who  remained  behind 
upon  the  island,  so  I  sank  in  the  sea ;  but 
Grad,  whose  name  be  exalted!  delivered  me 
and  saved  me  from  drowning,  and  supplied  me 


^\ 


(44) 


i\ 


yriih  a  lam  wooden  bowl,  and  I  laid  bold 
upon  it  and  got  into  it,  induced  bjr  tbe  sweet- 
neag  of  life,  and  beat  l^e  water  witb  my  feet 
as  with  oan. 

^\aj\  inhd^,  Macerating  or  dissolving 
(a  medicine  in  water),  and  applying  it 

^LajI  inhibdd,  Detention,  retentioUi 
impediment.    Contraction  (of  tbe  brow). 

^1^1  inkir&d,  Consummation,  end, 
accomplishment,    extinction.      *^^-^ 

^LJ  ^^J'^  JT  fjo\jJ^\,  ha^dinkirdd 
al  ma^fi  libnan^  After  tbe  extinction  of  tbe 
princely  family  of  Ma^n  in  Mount  Libanon. 

i^Luiil  inkUdm,  Dividing,  separating  it- 
self.   To  be  divided,  separated. 

\*aA>\  mkidd,  Tbe  expiration  of  any 
term.  Tbe  being  finisbed,  accompUsbed,  com- 
pleted, fulfilled,  terminated,  ended,  determined. 

Termination.    S^^J^Ji^M^  ls^^j^^^ 

Jjj-Jl  yj^\  UI  j^U  i^^s^J  J,  And 

consider  a  people  wbo  omameDted  and  deco- 
rated tbeir  palaces,  and  in  tbe  dust  bave  be- 
come pledged  for  tbeir  actions.  Tbey  built, 
but  tbeir  Duildings  avail  not;  and  accumu- 
lated treasures,  but  tbeir  wealtb  did  not  save 
them  when  the  term  bad  expired. 

ellaA}!  inkitd^,  Catting  off,  rupture,  se- 
paration, disjunction,  cessation,  detachment. 


cUis»*1,  I   write  to  thee  with   my 

tears  flowing,  and  tbe  drops  from  my  eyes 
running  incessantly ;  but  I  am  not  despainng 
of  the  ravour  of  my  lord :  perhaps  some  day 
our  union  may  take  place. 

c^^l  inkildh,  Bevolution,  vicissitude, 
change,  alteration. 

Lii  \  ankiyd  (pi.  of  ^^  ndkl),  Clean,  pure. 

jLaJ!  inhiyddf    Submission,  obedience, 
subjection.  ,♦^-11^ U  Ijl  Ci^'i  GU;1 

inkiyadan  liamrak  ana  luajlr  aiyanom^  In 
obedience  to  your  order,  I  will  set  off  to-day. 

j\ij\  inkdr.  Denial,  disavowing,  disap- 
probation, reiectine,  reprobating,  abandoning, 
detesting.    Befiisu. 


j\sij\  Inkitdr  or  Angitdr.  This  is  the 
name  which  the  Arabian  historians  of  the 
Crusades  have  given  to  Richard  CcBur  de  Lion, 
Kin^  of  England,  &mouB  among  them  for  his 
heroic  achievements,  but  particularly  on  ac- 
count of  the  truce  for  which  the  Great  Saladin 
was  obliged  to  sue.  One  of  the  articles  of 
tlus  treaty  was  a  marriage  between  Maleku'l 
'Adil,  brother  to  Saladin,  and  the  Queen  of 
Sicily,  siiter  to  Eichard,  which,  however,  did 
not  take  place,  the  bishops  of  England  insist- 
ing that  the  Saracen  prince  should  become  a 
Cmistian,  which  could  not  be  complied  with. 

i^\uSj\  tnJtisdff  An  eclipse.  The 
being  eclipsed. 

j\*^\  dnkisdr,  Fracture,  rupture,  rout, 

defeat  Being  broken,  smashed  to  pieces. 
Being  put  out  of  temper.  To  fail,  to  be  in 
state  of  bankruptcy. 

uJluJol  inkishdf,  Detection,  revelation. 
To  be  discovered.    ^^^  ^^  f^J^^  ^-^ 

I  know  not  from^wbat  country  this  man  has 
come.  No  one  but  he  could  ever  usesuch  boldness 
towards  me.  I  fear  that  whidi  has  happened 
to  me  may  be  discovered,  and  especially  since 
it  oonoerns  a  man  wbo  is  neither  of  my  family 
nor  of  my  equals. 

\aj\  inmd,  Increasing,  causing  to  grow, 

l^jl  tntMmd,  Because,  since.  Only, 
Then,  therefore.  Surely,  certainly.  More- 
over,  surely  not;   as,  ^Lm^XI  Ujf 

aU:]^]!)  innimalXhidn  Ula  hUtamdm, 

Purely  (it  is)  not  a  favour,  unless  (it  is)  com- 
plete. 

j\y\  anwdr   (pi.  of*jy   nCr),   Lights. 

^ILSl  ^jit^\  ^^  Jul^Ut,  And  she 

replied,  0  mv  son,  by  heaven,  I  desire  for 
thee  nothing  out  good  success,  and  I  wish  sho 
may  be  with  thee ;  far  thou  art  the  shininj^ 
moon,  and  she  is  the  rising  sun.  (Moon  is 
masc.,  sun  is  fem.). — Anwar  is  tbe  title  of 
many  books,  as  Anwaru'V  bahiaht  The  abimn^ 
lights;  Anwanf  iafjidat,  The  lights  of 
falicity;  Atncaru*  V^kul,  The  lights  of  tho 
nndentanding. 


ti\ 


(45) 


-y 


ct^t  ampd^  (pL  of  e  y  natffc),  Sorts, 
kinds,  TBiieties,  direnities.    Biren,  yariotu, 

serenJ.  Species,  ways,  means.  (J J  aJ 

ydl^l,  Then  he  drew  near  to  the 

dome-crowded  chamber,  and  lo,  it  had  eight 
doon  of  landal-wood,  with  nails  of  gold, 
onitmeoted  with  atara  of  Bilker,  let  with 
nrioQfl  jewels. 

J\y\  Mwdl  (pL  of  Jy  fuiir/),  Weaving- 

iooos. 

jy\  mwoTf  Ifore  or  most  bright,  lami- 

oovi,  re^lendent      Flourishing,  beautifiil, 

degut 

ujyl  aiiJ2/(pl.  of  i^Jj\  anf).  Noses. 

*j\  nnahUf  Because,  that  By  chance, 
perluuM.  Since.  How  I  /mimAm,  Certainly, 
ffideeo,  sorely,  yes. 

If!  inid,  Announcing,  signifying,  ad- 
vMog,  adTertising,  giving  to  understand,  cer- 

ti^.    To  forbid.     IjJl  Lfl  JUi 
And   he   said    to  her,   she 


threateneth  me  with  slanghter  and  forbiddeth 
mj  vriting  to  her,  bat  if  I  write  not  to  her, 
Bf  deatii  will  be  preferable  to  my  life. 

;Ui ^  ankdr  (pi.   of  j^   nahr),  Kivers. 

>  i\j,}j.  j\^  iv^  j^^\  \;ij 

fLi\   ^»|jLfi    j^    ^LJLc,    And   they 

^^u^  the  garden  abounding  wiih  trees,  and 
vith  many  riTnlets,  and  saw  the  superinten- 
dent sitting  at  the  g^ate,  and  they  saluted  him, 
od  he  retained  their  salutation. 

u0>f  ^  Mddy  £zciting,  rousing,  calling 
out  ^jjCb  ^l|3l  4j jLft  (Jl JUbl  ahddnl 

^*diy«A  li  inAad  himmatl^  To  encourage  me, 
(or  to  rouse  my  goodwill)  he  made  me  a  pre- 

tetrt. 

(•'•^^  mkiddm,  Destruction,  perdition, 
nia,  Ofotbrow,  falL    Dispernon. 

;|je^  inkndm,  Bebg  routed.    A  defeat, 
isit,  diteomfitore,  overthrow. 


same 


ij\i\i 


I 


vl/U^t  inhmdi,  Diligence.  Applying 
to  anything  with  attention ;  setting  heart  and 

soul  about  a  thing.   vJi3  J.^\  c:.^!^ 

j^\  i^  ^\  di3i  u.^Ci3A\ 

ZjjLj:  ^^   Kj^^    <U,   Now  the 

daughter  of  "that  king  used  to  Ioto  that  idol ; 
she  adored  it  frequently,  and  was  assiduous  in 
her  worship  of  it. 

JU^l  inhimdl,  Delaying,  taking  time. 
To  be  neglected.  Eaining  gently  but  inces- 
santly. 

\j»t^\  anU,  A  companion,  friend,  com- 
rade,   fiimiliar   acquaintance,    of    the 
temper,  disposition,  or  genius. 

jl  aw,  Whether,  or,  till.     ^\C 

^;.;.\it7.  Id  ufdrikak  aw  tu^\nl,  I  will 
not  leare  thee  till  thou  shouldst  give  me  .  •  . 

lU  jJ! ,  And  if  he  find  him  in  safety, 

it  is  what  he  desires,  and  thou  wilt  be  thanked 
and  praised ;  but  if  he  be  not  found  in  thy 
country,  or  if  any  evil  have  befallen  him, 
receive  tidings  of  destruction  and  of  tiie  ruin 
of  thy  territories. 

j^^^  awdkhtr,  Extremes,  ends.  The  ten 

last  days  of  the  month.  Modems.   See 

JSV  and  k-lj\,>Vl^j  JiV<  -H?' 

The  phoenix  of  the  ancients  and  modems. 

Lki^jI    awdsit,    The    middles,    centres. 

Halves,  mediums.  The  ten  middle  days  of  the 
month. 

j^^j\  awdmir  (pi.  of  *^1  amr\  Precepts, 

mandates,  commands,  orders,  inhibitiona,  pro- 
hibitions. 

^^  awdn.  Time.    ^1^1^  ^\^\  l^js^\ 

alkharif  awan  ul  fawakih.  Autumn  is  the 
season  for  fruits. 

vjttt  awdnl^  Yessels,  yases. 

JSl^l  awdyil,   (pi.   of  J^l),  The  first 

(men),  principals,  chiefs.  The  ancientB.  The 
first  ten  days  of  eiery  month. 

^bjl  awhdsh,  A  mixed  crowd  of  all 

nations  and  all  sorts  of  people,  but  especially 
of  the  meanest ;  the  mob,  toe  canaille. 

jl7«\  awtdd  (pi.  of  JJj  watad),  Stakes, 
poles,  pegs,  pins,  props. 


ji 


\ 


(46) 


ty 


jbjl  motdr  (pi.  of  Jj  ipatar\  Nerves, 

ligaments,  cords,  bow-strings. 
^ISjl  atCBiln  (pi.  of  ^j  troMan),  Idols. 

^j1  ai^',  The  top,  summit,  vertex,  exal- 
tation, height.  The  altitude  or  ascendant  of 
a  planet 

jW-j1   Hijdki  s.t.  (ased  in  Arabic),  A 

fireplace,  hearth;  a  chimney.    The  corps  of 
Janissaries. 

^\fl»-^1  auja^  (pi.  of  ^^y  waja^t  Infir- 
mities, afflictions,  griefs,  ^erances,  diseases, 
distempers,  maladies.    Pains. 

J\sj-jl  awj&l  (pi.  of  jj5>^j),  Fears,  tender 
feelings.  ^  aUU  ijs\  j^\  uiJUi 


And  the  old  woman  exclaimed,  I  seek  refhge 
with  God  from  Satan  the  stoned  I  Thon 
hast  no  desire  for  men,  and  how,  then,  have 
tender  feelings  affected  thee  in  consequence  of 
loyeP 

c-^«5»*j1  awjahf  More  or  most  necessary. 

Jl3.^^flwAfi/(pl.  of  J^^  tcahT)^  Bofb  clays. 

J^l  awhad,   Singular,   only,    unique, 

^U|J1  ^1  (X^jlyb,  He  is  an  incom- 
parable man,  the  phoenix  of  his  age.  Atohitdaad 
awhad  *ud  din  haye  been  adopted  as  surnames 
bj  many  princes,  peers,  and  otner  distinguished 
men. 

hjii^  awdiyat  (pi.  of  ij^\^  toddi),  Valleys. 

jljjl  awrdk  (pi.  of  Sjj^  warakal),  Leaves 
(of  a  tree  or  of  a  book).    Papers. 

j\u\  aw%dr,  Heavy  burden,  crimes,  sins, 
i^'i^^'ij * (^Ia^Ij  !«:>«  iM>i  jj»l 

*j\4S  JaSV  ^  J^  As  it  is 


avpointed  Ihat.my  death  should  soon  take 
place,  I  could  not  prevent  it  by  my  contri- 
yances.  My  troops  that  I  had  collected,  were 
of  no  ayail,  and  none  of  my  friends  aided  me 
nor  my  neighbour.  Throughout  my  whole 
life  was  I  wearied  in  my  ioumey  to  the  ^ye, 
now  in  ease,  and  now  in  aifficulty.  It  wUI  aU 
pass  before  the  morning  to  anotner,  and  tb(By 
will  haye  brought  thee  a  porter  (to  carry  tfaee 
to  the  graye)  and  a  graye-digger.  Aod  on 
the  day  of  thy  judgment,  alone  shalt  thon  meet 
God,  iaden  with  sin  and  crimes  and  heayy 
burdens.  Then  let  not  the  world  deceiye  thee 
with  its  charms,  but  take  into  consideration 
what  it  has  done  to  thy  family  and  neighbour. 

^j^  atndn  (pi.  of  &  U  WMtutt),  Weights, 
measures.  [defilements. 

A^^\  awi&kh  (pi.  of  k^  foauakh).  Filths, 

LLi^l  awidt  (pi.  of  Ismi^  wasiot),  The 
middle  parts,  centres.  [profession. 

oIim)j1  Usidd,  A  master  in  any  art  or 

Lirfjl  awiat,  The  middle,  medium,  in- 
teiral,  interstice.     Mediocrity,   moderatiofn. 

\^^x^^\  jyti\  j^,  Virtue  consists  in 
moderation.  [largest. 

w«jj\  awM^  More  or  most  ample,  larger, 

i»jL)jl  au^«d/ (pi.  of^LJLe^  ^Mf),  Quali- 
ties, endowments.  Specifications,  descriptions, 
tities,  epithets.  Praises,  encomiums.    Famous 


actions. 


>U0 


K   Excellent 


y, 


qualities.    l-jIa!1j  uJU^I,  Titles  and 
epithets. 

cli^\  au>dd^  (s.  pi.  of  ^i^  wad^f  Pes* 
tures,  gestures.    Actions,  conduct,  behayiour. 

^J^^awtdn  (pi.  oi^^watan\  Countries^ 
mother  countries.    iLubt  15-^  {J^ 

^IW  p\^  ^}iti\y   Be  ready  thon  for 

departure,  and  make  proyision  in  this  worlds 
for  thou  wilt  quit  it  soon.    Where  is  Adam, 
the  father  of  mankind?    Where   are  NoaK 
and  his  offspring  P    Where  are  the  soyereign. 
Kaisars  ana  CsesarB  P    Where  are  the  kings  of 
India  and  £l-£rak  P    Where  are  the  kings  of 
the  regions  of  the  earth  P    The  mansions  ai^ 
yoid  of  their  presence,  and  they  haye  quitted 
their  families  and  homes. 


Jj« 


(47) 


j-\ 


it^t  wk,  8.i  (used  in  Arabic),  A  roonii 
offitt)  VuRO,  eovtttiiig-hoQse. 

ji^\  §wfdj  More  or  most  conrenient, 

conftmUe,  proper  fiir  the  purpote. 
oli^l  iMto  (pL  of  uuJj  wM),  Times, 


Jljjl  «fc/(pl.  of  u-fl5^  •i7flil/),-Lega- 

Qo,  ^■a^  ptoQs  Ibimdations.    Properties 


fjy «%<;,  An  ounce;  or  ^^\  okka^ 

B*  t.  (written  generally  ^j),  An  oke 
(file  Tvtiih  lb.  bdng  eqiial  to  about  2]  lbs. 


A)^  wUi,  More  or  most  positiye. 

Jjl  «nM/,  First    The  beginning,  prin- 

qal,  eoomencement.  Fiistlj,  before,  at  first, 
ai  soon  81,  the  fiist  moment,  long  ago,  formerly. 

'>'  J'  J^'  uT^  J  g[rr^  ^>^^ 

^•^1,  And  I  acquainted  him  with 

vbathadbefidkn  me  from  first  to  last,  and  be 
w  cnered  for  me,  and  said,  0  yoimg  man, 
rrraliiotthj  case,  for  I  fear  what  the  king  of 
ttii  dty  mij^  do  against  thee. 

^  awalm,  In  the  first  place,  first  of 

4  before  tU  things. 

A'  mlad,  Sons,    children,   of&pring, 
posterity, descendants.  J^U^^  ^.^f-^^ 

««in  diis  money,  and  to  bny  for  ns  some- 
ui^  to  est,  for  we  axe  strangers,  and  I  hare 
vnhoe  these  children  whom  I  wish  to  diyert 

^y  fiteyOa,  Those. 

•»•■  «v2im,  Is  it  not  ?  Ul^\  awlammd, 
iiitaotyet? 

M  -I        T 

)•)  «*i  Ixwds,  masters,  possessors;  (also 
*>"?•),  A  Uttd,  master;  possessed  o^  having. 
;Uiyy,  Havbg  eyes,  ».*.  prudent, 
■?>rioa8,  penetrating.  ^J'^^',  Em- 
I*wiB,  generals,  commanders-in-chief. 

&.A^^)\  Priors,  abbots,    or   other 
*>*<*«eKgionsorfera. 


^^1  air20S  Better,  best,  more  or  most 
"  excellent,  worthy,  fit,  sufficient,  proper. 

^jl  nla'  (fem.  from  J^l),   First;   as 
^jlli>-;  J,  The  first  step. 

^y\  nil  (^^\  and  y^l).  Possessed  of, 

endowed  with;  as  yjfi\^^\,  Endowed 
with  wisdom,  prudent 

UjUw^a  (pi.  of   Jj),  Friends  (of  God), 
saints.    Prophets. 

^t^\  awwahn  (oblique  pi.  from  J^^), 

The  first  ^^/^'i\^  ^^jSl,  Ancients 
and  modems. 

aUjI  at^Adm  (pi.  of  ^j  toaham).  Opinions, 

conjectures,  suppositions,  imaginations,  doubts, 
suspicions. 

M  dA,  Ah !  aks !     A  sigh. 

l\jb\  mhdhai,  To  fear.    cLO^V^  ^t  A^\ 

u^^y^*j]/ LrJ^J*J^  tlXUij-J! 

j^Uucj  j^^-:r  k^ft-Ltf  ^^  ♦  j#^^ 

the  fiftther  of  this  youug  lady  is  a  powerful 
king,  an  impetuous  horseman,  who  traTerses 
the  seas  of  tne  surrounding  regions  by  night 
and  day,  dreading  not  death,  nor  fearing  its 
terrors,  for  he  is  a  despotic  tyrant,  and  an 
oppressiye  conc^ueror ;  he  is  lord  of  numerous 


armies  and  regions  and  islands  and  cities  and 
habitations. 

^U\  ahdll,  Inhabitants,  citizens,  com- 
mons. Possessors.  Consorts,  spouses.  Do- 
mestics, servants,  people  in  a  family.  Worthy, 

skilful.  d$l«J1^U1,  The  inhabitants 
of  the  kingdom.     ^ 

4jljb\  ihanat,  Disdain,  contempt,  to  insult. 

^\  uhbat,  (warlike)  apparatus. 

j^jjjbl  iMitaSf  Becoming  tumultuous, 
moTod,  agitated.  Exulting,  rejoicing.  Exciting. 

/^tcJbt  ihtimdm,  Diligence,  care,  solici- 
tude, anxiety,  effort,  endeayour,  study. 

\jJb\  ihdd,  Giyiug,  presenting,  sending, 
offering.  Conducting  in  the  right  road ;  bring- 
ing into  the  fold  of  the  true  church. 

lybl  ahrdy  Bams,  granaries,  magazines. 
jl^l  ihrdk,  Pouring  out. 


J>^ 


(48) 


l\ 


M\yb\  ahrdm  (pi.),  Old,  decrepid,  en- 
feebled by  age.     A\jSbi\  aldhram,  The 

pyramids  of  Egypt,  on  account  of  their  great 
antiquity. 

(Jj^f  aUf  People  (belonging  to  any  par- 
ticular person,  place,  order,  or  profession). 

\yuc>>'\  ^,yil1  J^^  M  (^  har-yah 
ijtuma^  The  people  of  the  Tillage  assembled. 

^\  ^  ^j  jM  ci«^^»  And  once 

in  eyery  ten  days  he  comes  to  roe,  and  spends 
a  night  here  and  then  he  goes  away,  for  he 
took  me  without  the  consent  of  his  ^latives. 

ILlbl  oMany  Welcome. 

^Jub!  ahUf/ah,  8.  The  quality  of  being  a 

fit,  proper,   and    competent    person. 

H4i;Vir.  ikAjb]  2f  JC£  ^tndoh  ahliyah  ^mI- 
mmA,  He  possesses  great  ability. 

Cj\li\%hldk,  To  ruin,  to  cause  to  perish, 
to  destruct,  destruction,  perdition. 

J^\  ihhlaj,  The  Myrabolan  tree. 

Mib\  ahmmy  Most  important.  jy^\  ^1> 
*  The  most  important  things.  ' 

JlJ^\  ihm&l^  To  neglect.    Negligence, 
carelessness,    indifference,    indolence. 

.^^^!j  (j^yi.  And  she  said  to  him, 

Make  haste  and  go  and  hrfng  him  to  me 
without  any  delay  or  negligence.  And  he 
replied  to  her,  On  the  head  and  the  eye. 

\yb\  ahiodf  Loves,  desires,  affections. 

JWjbl  ahtodlf  Terrors,  dangers,  frightful 
things,  if  jUJl  ifdJb    ]\  ls^^LojU  J\i 

ili^j  JjJul  L^^  J^4u  i\  ,JSX\  \jJb^ 

ij^  Jfy^^j  KA^r ,  For  I  attained 

not  this  |)co8perity  and  this  place  save  after 
severe  fatigue  and  great  trouble  and  many 
terroxa. 

Jybf    ahwdl^   More  or  most  terrible, 
dreadful,  horrible. 

^yb\  ahwan,  More  or  most  easy. 
fjybi  ahwiyat,  Airs,  atmospheres. 


i^\  I,  Yes,  ay,  indeed,  certainly.    Ay, 

That  is  to  wit,  yia.  Afft  or  Jii^u^  Whoerer, 
whosoeyer,  whatsoeyer,  any  one,  such  as  it  ia. 

Who?  which?  what?    J^j  4/I  «»yw 

rafuU,  Which  man  ?  Jut  aiyukumy  A.ny 

of  you ;  or,  which  of  you  ?    ^j*^  f^\ 
'  mya  %tHif  In  whatever  time;   or,  in  what 

time?      ^.>->M.i«gll    liatyi  sahabu   On 

whatever  account;  or,  on  what  aocoant  ? 

jtjJt(jAf^l  aiyuhumfi  $  dart,  Who  is 
of  them  in  the  house  P — When  the  same  noun 
that  is  governed  by  ^j\  also  precedes, 
it  implies  something  indefinite;     as 

waivu  rqfulif  I  passed  a  man;  but  what  man 
(I  do  not  know)  ;  or,  by  way  of  admiration ; 

as  'lb  v^lj  'lb  «Jj  fffaka^  halda  waiyu 
balai,  He  fell  into  trouble,  but  such  trouble  1 

\j\  Aiyd  is  also  a  pleonastic  particle  pre> 
fixed  to  personal  pronouns;  as  «^\j»^ 
a%ydya\  I,  however,  or  indeed  I.  ViLTIj  \ 
aiydka.  Thou,  etc.  i\j\  atydhu,  Se, 
etc.  U^M  aiydkumd,  You  two,  etc. 
Ujbbf  aiydhUmd,  They  two,  etc.   \JV>\ 

aiydnd,  We,  etc.  A^b^  aiydkum,  T'ou, 
etc.  AJbbl  aiydhum,  They,  etc.,  and 
are  governed  by  the  verb,  as  vl/^  V>\ 
Ju«3  aiydka  na^idu,  We  adore  thee. 

b\  aiydf  Whomsoever,  c^-y^l  c-^^«<djV£\ 
Whomsoeyer  thou  shalt  beat,  I  will  beat. 

t-^b\  iydh,  Eetuming.     v-jUj  <-->\j8o 

tihab  traiad,  Qoing  forth  and  returning,  coining 
and  going. 

C^bT  dydi  (pi.  of  !j\  ayat),  Si^qb, 
miracles,  yerses  of  the  Alcoran.    OradoB. 

v^jbl  aydil  (pi.  of  Jj  yai),  Hands. 

Jo\  Ayydr,  A  Syro-Macedonian  montli 
answering  to  May. 

{jJo\  tyds,  Despair,  despairing. 

i}\A  aydlat,  Dominion,  a  principality 
goyemment,  province.  JyiUat,  Ctoyeminc^ 
goyemment. 

Ab\  aiydm  (pi.  of  ^^  yawm\  Days. 


Jj\ 


(49) 


i>\ 


iM 


jr^UI  Jj\  aiifdmul  hdhnr^  The  dog- 
JU^  I»1j^  And  there  were  in  the 

ifland  froitB  in  abondanoe,  and  springs  of 
Bveet  vater;  I  therefore  ate  of  those  nuits. 
And  I  coQtiniied  in  this  state  for  many  days 
sfitfnighti. 

liU  a^dnd,  Us.     ^\A  aiyahUf  He,  him. 

UU,  She,  her.     Ij^M,    They    two. 

i»^l|l  and  ^U^  They,  them.     ^/U, 

I,  me.    See  Ut  ahoye. 

<^l  ayat,  A  sign,  miracle.  A  verse  of 
the  Aleoran,  a  passage  in  Seriptore. 

^1  a^iyat  (or  Ucj\   with  the  pleonastic 

U),  The  feminine  of  i^l  at^,  ahove. 
Whosocrer,  whatsoerer.    Who  P  which  P 

mzA  ayidm  (pi.  of  a-cj  yatim),  Orphans. 

jtj]  Utdr,  Giving,  hestowing. 

u>'o|H  ijdh,  To  do  something  in  con- 
formity with.  To  answer  affirmatively. 
C^^SGlarl  CJij  viJjis,  I  did  it  to 
show  obedience  to  your  order.  ^  ij-*;' 

V^F^l^  ^l^^y  He  has  sent  to  me  an 
iffimiAtiTe  answer. 

^\s^  Ijdd,  Invention,  discovery,  hecom- 
in^  BO  anthor,  publisher ;  causing  one  to  find. 

j^  Ijdr,  Giving  for  hire,  hiring.     To 

hire. 

J"^'  y^*t  To  make  an   abbreviation, 
^  ooDpoidinm,  abridgment.    Shortening. 

y^}    f/dian,    In    order     to    make 

>i^  Ijlart,   TMhaiiu  naha  ^hr 

^^^y  i^«w»  litakrtrakf  I  have  cancelled 
^^t  ten   sentences  to   make  your  report 

shorter,   j^  JG  bikul  ljd%,  Com- 
peodiooaly. 

^Sij  idd^,  Depositing  in  trnst. 

^'^^  ayift    (pL   of  Jj   yad),   Hands. 


^y,j^^  ^^^9   And  after  an  honr  he 

returned,  bringing  with  him  a  roasted  lamb, 
and  bread  as  white  as  cotton,  which  he  placed 
before  them,  and  they  ate  and  drank. 

»\j\  Irds,  Making  one  an  heir.     In- 
heriting.   Succeeding.    Producing,  causing. 

jSjA  Irdd,  Producing,  exhibiting,  hring- 

ing  proof,  alleging. 
cLjI  Ud^,  Enlarging,  extending. 

j^\  aysar,  Left,  the  left  hand,  sinister. 
More  or  most  fortunate.    Easier. 

15-^ s/'    dyyu   ihayiny    What?    what 

thing  ?  how  ?  in  what  manner  ?  why  ? 

wherefore  ?  t<&c^^  liayshay.  For  what 
reason  P  "       " 

jLajf  tssdl,  Causing  to  reach,  join,  arrive. 

^^^^j^^  W^j  ^^-^  tr^^ 

IfJl,  Be  happy  and  cheerful;   for  I 

will  not  cease  my  endeaTours  until  I  procure 
thee  an  interview  with  her,  and  obtain  for 
thee  access  to  her ! 

Li)\  aydan,  As  above,  as  before,  in  the 
same  manner.  Ditto.  Again,  anew,  afresh. 
Hitherto.    Also,  likewise. 

•.Lijl   iddh,   Explanation,   elucidation, 

declaration,  manifesting,  making  evident,  ren- 
dering clear.  Coming  in  view,  appearing 
plain.    Eyidenoe. 

^U-^    l^Udj\  cuUt/a  hazih  al^drah 

Idahan  litharheh,  He  added  this  sentence  in 
order  to  make  his  explanation  more  and  more 

evident  (clearer).    ^^Li»U  btlddhin, 

Clearly,    evidently,     ^y^    c^^-c^l 

^LdAjij,  ftktuh    fndtawakka^     htkul 

Iddhf  Write  dearly  what  has  happened, 

or  i^JLi\  ^jbi  hiawdah  usslub,  Most 
clearly,  or  in  the  most  clear  fashion. 

\sj\  ifd,  Performing  a  promise,  Mfilling 

an  engagement,  keeping  faith.  Paying,  satis- 
fying. 

j\h\  iJtddf  Lightning,kindling,  inflaming. 

mi  1  ^i 

)jlp^  J^J\  IfeU  ^^\  k-^  ^ 

4 


(Ji^ 


(50) 


^\j 


jUl  Lf-U  (W-jjjl  Uli  ^UjJl  (^> 

iz^j:^  ^^£CuJb  l::^^m«>-1  ,  For  this 

island,  npon  which  yon  are,  is  not  really  an 
island,  bat  it  is  a  great  fish  that  has  become 
stationary  in  the  midst  of  the  sea,  and  the 
sand  has  accumulated  npon  it,  so  that  it  has 
become  like  an  island,  and  trees  hare  grown 
upon  it  for  a  very  long  time ;  and  when  you 
lit  the  fire  on  it,  the  fish  felt  the  heat,  and  put 
itself  in  motion. 

)o\JiL>\  lM%,  Awaking,   raifiiDg,  Btining 
up,  exciting,  inducing.     1  JJb  Jjuj  J 

iKS'U^li^J  1\  J«a!1,  lam  yaf^l  haza 
aljlfj  ilia  tkasan  Uka,  He  did  not  pNonorm  such 
an  act,  but  to  stir  you  up  (to  awake  you). 

^^\  aifkUnat,  An  image,  a  picture. 

SA  ayukum,  Which  of  you  ? 

JjI  iyjfal,  A  deer. 

^lA  lldj,  Introducing,  inserting,  putting 
one  thing  into  another. 

^.sndl  ihhi,  An  ambassador,  envoy. 

Jyji  ayliU,  September. 

\aj\  imdf  A  nod,  sign,  signal.  Intima- 
tion, hint. 

\aj\  aiyumd  (fern.  \asj\  aiffaiumd),  Who- 
ever, whatever.  Who  ?  what  ?  (as 
4^\  atf/u). 

^Uj!  imdn,  Faith,  belief,  religion. 
Jtb^^UjI,  Superstition. 

jjiff\j^\  Impardtnr,  An  emperor. 

iA!\  aymmaty  Prelates,  imams,  priests. 

^\  ayna^  Where  ?  C^y^^},  Where  is 
your  residence?    ^\  ^  min  ayna, 

Whence,  wherefrom.  ^l^^t^V.  <«^^  (^ 
^\5I  uUUi  ^\  iJj^\  \L  J\  ^ 

ii\i\f  Then  she  said,  0  my  nurse, 

whence  comes  this  handsome  youth  P  And  she 
(the  old  woman)  said,  I  know  him  not,  but  I 
imagine  that  he  is  the  son  of  a  ereat  king, 
for  he  is  of  the  utmost  beauty  and  loTelinees. 

\a:^  aynamOf   Wherever,  everywhere. 


^^mI^-I  (jmIa^  Ujjf  aynamd  tqflk  qflis, 
In  whatever  place  thou  shalt  sit,  I  will  sit 
Uydlt^l  iwd  al  ghwdbd^  Hospitality. 

i^^  aytodn  and  fu^on,  A  hall,  court, 

portieo,  an  open  gallenr  or  balcony  on  the  top 
of  the  house,  for  the  benefit  of  the  prospect 

and  fresh  air.    c;Ul^\  aywdndtf  The 
plural  of  ^\^\  aywdn. 


JBd  or  £i^  The  second  letter  of  the 
Arabic  alphabet.  It  expresses  iu>o  in  arith- 
metic, Monday  as  the  second  day  of  the  week, 
and  the  constellation  Gemini.  By  way  of  ab- 
breviation  it  is  put  likewise  for  the  month 
Rajab  (the  seventh  month  of  the  lunar  year), 
especially  in  the  dates  of  letters ;  as 

AT  4U^  <^  U  jj  ^jt^  tdhriran  fl 

khamtata  f^ashara  rqfab  sanah  salatu  9amanJnf 
Written  (or  given)  on  the  Idth  of  the  month 
Safab,  in  the  year  83  (contracted  for  the  year 
1083). 

hi  (the  inseparable  Arabic  preposi- 
^  tion),  With,  in,  because,  for,  on  account  of, 
by,  etc 

(^b  bdbf  A  gate,  door,  the  chapter  of  a 

book.  An  affair,  business,  point,  matter, 
reason,^  manner,  mode^  kind,  species,  method, 

sort.    \jbj>ai  i^z^^  \j\&mJ  l^  ^\  A^\ 

jiJ\  t^\)  ^  ij^j^f  Know  then^ 

that  she  has  a  garden  adjacent  to  her  palace 
for  her  diversion,  and  she  goes  out  into  it  onee 
in  every  month  from  the  private  door. 

LJf\^i\^^\j  hdhu'V  abwdh,  The  gate  of 

gates,  called  by  the  Persians  Barband,  or  Tbe 
carrier,  is  a  strong  fortress  on  the  Caspian 
Sea,  and  the  boundary  of  the  Persian  and 
Turkish  empires  on  that  quarter. 

jUfJlc-;b  hdhi'  z*%ukdk,  The  street  door. 

f^jj\A^\i^\i  JBdhuTjndndab,  The  gate 

of  tears,  the  straits  or  passage  into  the  Red 
Sea,  vulgarly  called  Babelmandel, 

JjU  hdbil,  Babylon.  JjU  jh  hilddhdbtl. 

Babylonia.  Babylonia  has  an  alluvial  soil, 
and  occupies  about  ninety  miles.  ^  Ancient 
Babylonia  is  one  of  the  finest  countries  in  the 
world ;  at  one  point  there  is  a  range  of  hills 
coming  from  Palmyra,  and  crossing  the  £u- 
phiates  at  about  Zenobia. 


(51) 


LT^ 


JUtc^li  BaM^U,  The  chief  office  of 

'the  Ottoman goTemment  (the  so-called  P&rte 
or  SMimFB^rte^  a  perrcrted  French  tnuulation 
of  the  oiiirinal,  which  merely  means  ''the 
ffigfa  floQse,"  as  we  say  the  High  Court  of 
Cbanecrj). 


t^  /•  • 


hahantQ^ 


J^^  h^,  Tiibate,  castom,  daty,  impost, 

t0l],tBX. 

jy>\i  Mur,  The  heat  of  the  dog^ys. 
j^UI  |»U  a^dmul-hdhiir,  The  dog- 

^laTjb  ktdinfdn,  Thefimit  mala-insana 

or  lore-apple,  the  tolanwm  pomi/erum  of  the 
Bomsoai 

kjJu  bdiif   One   who  hegins,    hrings 
about,  or  canses  anytMng.    A  cause. 

^jb  iddiyah,  A  desert.    The  deserts  of 
iiabia,  inhabited  by  the  Bedouins. 

j^,  hdr,  Beneficent,  pious.     Abstaining 
from  anything  raijnst  or  lawful.  [night. 

'^j\j  harihai,   is^yU]  alharihat.  Last 

^  ^j\j  hOrkhdnah,  Saggage,  particularly 

Rich  as  kings  and  great  men  trayel  with. 
Merehandize  transported  from  one  place  to 
fflo^er.  [by  nature. 

JjV  ^rid,  Cold,  fngid.  J\}4^\jjl,  Cold 
y  b  hdri^f  Excelling  in  virtue  or  science. 

't^'yo^  lazmahft  nazmul  ash^Tf  He  haa  the 
^tatot  talent  in  composing  verses.  (He  excels 

m  . .  .).     ^Jj  is  for  ^\j)> 
Jy'V  ^rti,  Shining,  flashing.    A  bright 

;fj\i  hdrftr,  A  bearer  of  loads,  a  bag- 

fage-bone,  a  beMt  of  burthen. 
^X}\i  hdriU^  Gunpowder. 
J;W  hdr%  God,  the  divine  creator. 


;w  Mi,  a  falcon,  hawk- 

!.1 


jjj  haUr,  A  market,  forum,  emporium, 

Baiket-placc.    A  bafgain. 
yj^jjO  hd%argdn,  A  merchant,  a  trader. 

yT'^  ten.  Adversity,  misfortune,  ca- 

!*oitT»  pain,  affliction.     Virtue,    fortitude, 
"«f«l»*ty,holdne«,  power,  strength,  ability. 

U«ul>^t  is  not  bad,  there  is  no  evil 


g 


^\  (jJii'i^  lLCjI  L^^  C^j^  ^j^ 

c-rl^l  ^  fc/*iH»  The  old  woman 
then  came  near  to  her,  and  said :  No  one  can 
utter  a  word  on  this  subject,  for  fear  of  thy 
power  and  the  £gnity  of  thy  father ;  there 
will  be  no  harm  in  thy  returning  him  an 
answer. 

9jJo  biasrahi,  Et  cetera,  and  so  forth, 
and  thus  with  regard  to  the  rest.  aJ^V 
(or  lay-sb),  All,  tjie  whole,  every  one. 

i^Ul^*  ^j^  lPW^  ^^^  ^.=-^^ 

I  found  him  to  be  a  sitter-at-home  and  a 
loiterer,  and  discoTered  him  to  be  Inzy  and 
addicted  to  sleep.  Now,  then,  I  had  brought 
him  rich  apparel  and  household  e£fects, — aye, 
and  supernuities  with  me;  but  he  continued 
selling  them  away  at  a  losing  rate,  and  con- 
suming their  price  in  gorgine  and  gorman- 
dizing, till  he  had  totally  dissipated  whatever 
was  mine;  and  he  spent  the  whole  of  my 
fortune  on  his  own  wants  and  necessities. 

jJ-j1j  hdsil,  A  strong  intrepid  man,  a  hero. 

^J^\j  hdsilik,  The  basilik,  or  great 
artery  in  the  arm. 

jyjj  hdaUr,  The  emrods,  piles.  An 
hemorrhage  or  flux  of  blood  at  the  nose  i^nd 
other  ports  of  the  body. 

wy  hdshd,  A  basha,  governor  of  a  pro- 
vince, counsellor  of  state,  great  lord ;    also 

sometimes  the  grand  vizier.  \J^\j  hdshd 

(from  the  Turkish  LlU  pdshd,  used  in 

Arabic),  The  highest  title  in  the  civil  or  mili- 
tery  hierarchy  m  Turkey.  There  are  now 
many  grades  of  pashas.  Ist.  The  grand  vizier, 
and  those  who  rank  with  him.  2nd.  Those 
who  have  filled  that  office.  3rd.  Those  con- 
nected by  marriage  with  the  Imperial  family. 
4th.  The  general  class  of  ministers,  or  secre- 
taries of  state,  and  those  to  whom  the  rank  is 
given.  6th.  Simple  mushirs,  not  ministers  of 
state;  these  are  governors-general  of  large 
provinces,  or  generals  commanding  corps 
d'arme'ey  etc.  6th.  Viziers,  also  governors- 
general.  7th.  Feriks,  or  lieutenants-general. 
8th.  ^  Miri-miran,  or  governors  of  smaller 
provinces.  9th.  Miri-liwa,  or  generals  of 
brigade.  10th.  Miru'l-umera,  or  governors 
of  small  provinces  only. 


Jl^ 


(52) 


l«r 


Jh^U  htUhik,  A  sparrow-hawk,  a  merlin. 

jtc\j  hdnr,  Seeing,  one  who  sees.  ^j*a\j 
hatiriyah.  The  sight,  the  fiiciilty  of  seeing. 

JI9U  h&til,  Ealse.  YaiD,  foolish,  trifling, 
ahflord,  ineffectual,  fhTolons,  futile.  Abolished, 

out  of  date,  antiquated,  useless.    )ILb  * 
batihn,  Vainly,  foolishly,  falsely. 

^\i  hdtin,  Interior,  internal.  The  in- 
ward part.  ^Vl;^^»  The  exterior 
and  interior. 

^Uil^b  Bdtmiah,  The  Batanians,  Is- 
maelians,  or  Assassins,  of  whom  mention  is  so 
often  made  in  the  history  of  the  Crusades. 

^l>  hd^,  A  fathom,  the  length  to  which 
the  two  aims  can  stretch.  [subject. 

lL>sc\j  hs^,  An  author,  cause,  occasiou, 
^ge\i  hdghi,  A  rebel,  sinner. 

^b  hakat,  A  bundle  of  odoriferous  herbs. 
A  nosegay  of  flowers. 

ijj\j  h&kal,  K'ame  of  a  stupid  ignorant 
man,  who,  having  bought  a  doe  for  eleven 
pieces  of  money,  and  not  beine  able  to  tell 
what  he  had  given  in  words,  held  up  his  ten 


fciU  hdki,  Permanent,  durable,  fixed, 
firm,  immortal,  everlasting,  eternal.  The 
remainder,  rest.    Remaining,  left. 

CjLiU  h&kiyat  (pi.  fem.  of  tho  above), 
The  remainders,  permanent  things.       [tears. 

^\}  haki  (ij^C),  "Creeping,  shedding 

ar^lj  hdkirah,  A  virgin. 

Jb  hdl,  The  heart,  mind.  AsJJ  (.ii^^.x^ 

\^\  ^^  (•SIS  ci^iJj  ^Ublb 

JU  v,i^.»fv. ,  I  amassed  three  thousand 
pieces  of  silver,  and  it  occurred  to  my  mind  to 


travel  to  the  countries  of  other  people ;  and  I 
remembered  tiie  words  of  one  of  the  poets,  who 
said  .... 

^\sui\j  ht*l  ittifdk,  With  one  consent. 
By  chance,  accidently.    By  combination. 

^Jb  ht'l  dkhir,  At  length,  finally. 

j\J^'i\jhi'l  ittirdr,  By  force,  unwillingly. 

L^b  hCl  iktiddy  From  necessity. 

^IjJb  h%'l  haddhakf   Suddenly,  unex- 
pectedly. 
JUb9>^Slj  JjMoftuJb  Wt  tafiiU  well  tjmdl, 


Prolixly  and  compendiously,  di£E^vely  and 
succinctly. 

^UcJb  hi't  tamdmf  Totally,  entirely. 

aLU^b  Iff  I  jumlat,  Totally,  generally, 
universally.  [taiuly,  justly,  deservedly. 

j;^b  hfl  hakk,  In  truth.    Truly,  cer- 

JLs?b  hri  haldl  LawfuUy. 

CjfjJb  hf%  zdt,  In  person,  essentially, 
by  himself. 

c-^\^b  hfs  sawdh,  Justly,  properly. 

ifj^j,ai\j  hfd  darUrahf  From  necessity, 
by  constraint,  by  force. 

uO^^^  J^b  hiU  tuU  woTl  ^rd,  At 

fuU  extent,  in  length  and  breadth. 

^b  hdligh,  Arrived,  reached,  happened, 

come  to  pass.   One  who  has  attained  the  age  of 
puberty. 

J*«!b  hflji^l,  In  fact,  actually,  really, 
effectually.  [Wllftilly. 

Juafilb  hi*l  kasdf  On  purpose,  by  design. 

JLK!b   bfl  hdliyat,  Totally,  entirely, 
wholly,  universally,  all  together.   Not  at  all. 

JU^b  hflkamdl,  Perfectly,  completely. 

M  hhlah,  By  God !     fjasi\  ailb,    By 
the  Great  God !    Form  of  swearing,     [perly. 

K,.^^^\^\)  hi* I  wdjib,  Necessarily 9  pro- 

^^b  hdlUcah,  A-  hole  or  sink  in   the 

middle  of  houses  in  the  East,  into  which  they 
sweep  all  the  filth. 

^Jb  bdU,  Old,  worn  (garment). 

^\mj  <dl|^b  hi  amriUahi  ta^ala\  By 
"  the  command  or  permission  of  God. 

(Jb  bdnl,  A  builder. 

i\)  hdhf  Sexual  intercourse. 

* 

Jbb  hdhir,  Superior,   conquering,   over- 
coming, greater,  more  excellent.  Open,  public, 

manifest,  evident. 

l^b  hdhiran,  Excellently,  publicly. 

JU-  i^b  hi  aiyi  hdl,  In  whatever  con- 
dition. 

w;b  hdyi^,  A  seller. 

^b  hdylHf  Distinct.     Manifest,    clear, 

evident,  notorious.  [Virgin  Marr. 

Jjij  hatm,    A  virgin.       Jji-J^,     The 

illasT  hajdldt,  s.  a..  Beauty  and  portli- 
ness comhined. 


(53) 


fj  On  all  sides,  with  alL 
lac;  MU^  FroDoonciiig  hoarsely. 
;\a^  ySkir,  Seas. 
C^  laky  GantroTersy,  debate,  dis*> 

pnte,  eantest,    ai^ament,    question. 

li^  To  debate,  dispute,  contend,  to 

^Wr,  The  sea.  Metre,  yerse.  ^^ 
k**'!,  The  Sea  of  China.  ^^Jl^ 
(and  J^l^a::),  The  Indus.  The 
Gnen  Sea,  or  the  Indian  Ocean. 
tP^UI^  The  Persian  Sea.  ^^\jsr 
oTyto^Jl^,  The  Bed   Sea.     ja^^ 

^f^>)  ^Jl,  The  White  and 
Bhcl  Sea  (t.^,  the  Egean  with  the 
Meditemmean,  and  the  Euxine). 
jM^I^,    The    Mediterranean    Sea. 

^ypl/K  or  t/-Jaij^^flK7,  The  Caspian 
«  Sea  of  Pontus.  Ji^j^.t  The  sea 
B>^  land.  sr-riiAy  y^  -n-ii-tifh-  Ui^  J  t>.'n** 

'^^  b^Uj  G^,  i:U  J  ^^^jr^\^ 

j^i  U5* y**^^  >  ^  resolved,  and  arose, 

ud  boagfat  for  mynlf  goods  and  oommodities 
ttd  Berduuidtte,  with  sach  other  things  as 
vov  XMiDnd  for  tnrel ;  for  my  mind  had 
^'^sa^A  to   my  paforming  a  sea-voyage. 

^'  is-i^  ^J,  I  took  pleasure  in  sea- 

^^^T*!^  My  town  was  on  the  shore  of  an 
QttBBTe  tea,  iatenperaed  with  a  great  number 
*  Isi^  and  extenaiTe  islands. 

J  jar  lak^an^  The  crisis  of  a  disease. 
4f^>  ^A^v  Marine,  maritime. 

:  Mroyw  (dual),  The  two  seas, 

^Wldte  aadthe  Black,  the  Mediterranean 
«dtks£iaioe. 

r*«^  JaAm^,  According  to,  in  the 

acmcr  oL  ^Jii\  c,^,,..:^,  According 


JUjjdH 


ti 


to  the  laws,  ^lyi  l^^mi^^^.  Prom 
outward  appearance.  [swearing). 

la  hakk,   By,  by  the  truth   (in 

ka^  ha   KamdiUdhi    ta^la*, 
God  be  praised,  by  the  grace  of  God. 

j^a^  hahUr,  Seas,     ij^^a^,  buhayrat,  A 
lake,   a    small  sea.      ^lk}\   i,*s^, 

buhayrat  Antakia,  The  lake  of  Antiocb.  This 
lake  abonnds  particularly  with  eels  and  a  sort 
of  red  fish  of  a  very  good  quality. 

^j^lb   ir;^,  huhayrat  tabarta,    The 

lake  of  Tabaria  is  still  richer  ;  crabs, 

especially,  are  very  numerous,    i^^^ 

tjl  huhayat  lut,  The  Dead  Sea,  or  Lake 
Asphaltites,  alone,  contains  neither  animal  nor 

yegetable  life.     ^,j^^  jW^^^  uXi-Jj 

V         ••        .0/^    •  ^»  C^      •  '  Try  • 
^^^)lf  4^]Ls>-U ,  And  those  four  streams 

meet  together'  in  a  great  tank,  lined  with 
marble  of  yarious  colours. 

.la:;  hukhdrf    A    vapour,    exhalation. 
Steam    evaporation.      (J>^aC   ^r^^ 

jlioJli^l,  aUahi^  yahsal  aldn  hil 
bukhar.  Printing  is  now  done  by  steam. 

^£.><s^haMt,  Fortune,  prosperity,  felicity, 
happiness.   Luck  (good  or  bad).  A  horoscope, 

nativity,  planet,  constellation.  v::..^.l\ 

uLJ\^iJ\jJ  d  lakht  la  yatl  ma^ al 

hikmahf  Fortune  does  not  come  with  wisdom. 

^JLJ^fkr  haihshUhfA.  pre8ont,anhonorary 

or  pecuniary  gratuity,  drink-money.     It  is 

sometimes  written  with  i,  as  in  the 
following  sentence.  ^jm^UJI  <^^yj 

jj\Si\  j---*^  '^^--v^^  jir*^  c^ 

^\Mjji\^,  And  she  distributed  the  usual 
presents  and  sugar,  and  incense  was  burnt,  and 
scented  cosmetics  were  profusely  made  use  of, 
and  it  was  a  day  of  great  public  rejoicing ;  and 
all  the  lords  of  the  empire,  and  the  generals  of 
^e  army,  and  the  soldiers  thems^ves,  were 
delighted.  [ness,  sparingnesa. 

J^  bukhul,  Avarice,  parsimony,  stingi- 

jja^  lukkUr,   Perfume,  odour  or  any 

thing  whicb  diffuses  fragrance,  as  aloes,  musk, 
thyme,  storaz,  frankincense,  etc. 


i.)«V 


(64) 


V 


hakhllj    Avaricions,    oovetoas. 

Jjyl  \y\jbj  ♦  ^jJ^a^  ^ J^  J^  Mn 

*  Jjjb  ci^Uijb,  If  I  be  possessed 

of  wealth,  and  be  not  liberal,  may  my  band 
noTer  be  extended,  nor  my  foot  raised !  Sbow 
me  the  ayaricioua  who  hath  attained  glory  by 
aVarice,  and  the  munificent  who  has  died 
through  generosity. 

Jjl  Id  hudd.  There  is  now  no  flight,  no 
retreat ;  it  becomes  necessary. 

4Jb1jj  haddhat,  A  sudden  appearance  or 

effusion^     dibljJlj  hil  baddhati,  Bud- 

denly,  unexpectedly,  unpreparedly,  extempora- 
rily. 

iAs)haddf/at,Begjaimiig,  Commencement. 
jA)  hadr,  The  full  moon. 
ijdJ  hadratf  A  weight  of  10,000  dirhems, 
equal  to  6666f  Attic  drachmas.  J<^\^ 

ijiX^  U^La  ijO  ^}]  ijJ  fieu  U!\L, 

Allenng  that  he  had  made  a  coTenant  with 
Ood  oy  oath,  that  he  would  take  as  his  son-in- 
law  none  but  an  artificer.  Fate  doomed,  to 
my  calamitr  and  disaster,  that  this  g^eat 
deceiver  and  cheat  came  to  my  father's  house, 
and  swore  among  his  people  that  he^  fiilfllled 
this  condition,  pretending  that  his  business  was 
the  stringing  of  pearls,  and  selling  them  for 
a  large  sam  of  money.   (For  the  above  sum). 

cjj  had^,  Novelty,  innoyatioB,  inven- 
tion, a  recent  prodvotion.  Bida^  New,  sur- 
prising, [heresy. 

^jj  hid^t,  liTovelty,  a  bad  innovation, 

Jjj  hadal,  A  succedaneum,  substitute, 
equivalent,  change,  exchaoge,  altering   one 

letter  for  another,  ^jj  To  make  an 
exchange,  give  an  equivalent.    ^^^ 

^j^  Jjj,  An  eye  for  an  eye.     In 

place  of  that, 

^Jj  badan  (pi,  ^\*Xj1),  The  body. 


•Jj  hadu,  Beginning,  commencement. 

*  I 

-.jJj    badnh,    Mystical    word   usually 

written  under  the  address  of  letters,  and 
flometimes  represented  by  the  numerical  equiva- 
lents of  its  component  letters,  thus  8942,  as 
an  invocation  for  its  safe  arrivaL 

i^jj  hadau^,  Eural,  a  rustic  man  of 

the  desert.  Inhabiting  or  growiuf  in  the 
desext.  This  word  is  the  origmal  of  the 
Vreadk  word  bedouin,  adopted  in  Engliah 
also.  It  must  be  owned,  that  there  are  few 
polished  nations  whose  morality  is,  in  general, 
so  much  to  be  esteemed  as  that  of  the  Sedouin 
Arabs ;  and  it  is  worthy  of  remark  that  the 
same  virtues  are  equally  to  be  found  in  the 
Turkmen  hordes  and  the  Curds. 

^Jj  baii^9  Wonderful,  surprising,  mar- 
vdlous,  astonishing,  strange,  rare. 
JUcs^f  M'V'  ^  astonishing  beauty. 

iUj  Jj  hadi^  (fern,  of  the  above),  A 
wonderM  rare  thing  (frequently  used  in  the 
neuter  sense,  like  other  feminines  of  Arabic 
adjectives).  [tated. 

_^jj  hadlhl,   Extempore,  unpremedi- 
Jjj  hcttol,  Bestowing  profusely. 
j)  harr,   The  continent,   earth,    globe, 
terra  firma.     jijj^.f   The  sea   cmd 

laad.      \ji^  1^,  By  sea  and   land. 
Bar,  A  desert,  a  large  uncultivated  barren 


plain.     Ia}^  *^ 

^   ^jLaJV>   ^®    ^^    passed    by 

island  after  island,  and  from  sea  to  sea,  and 
from  land  to  land ;  and  at  every  nlace  which 
we  passed  we  sold  and  bought  and  exchanged 
merchandise. 

1^  hard,  Creating.     \j{  ^  min  harrd, 
Outward,  foreign,  extrinsic. 

LU]ji  iardt,  A  letter,  episUe.     A  roya! 
diploma,  brevet,  oomminion,  or  privilege. 

i^j\j)   hardfi,    (pi.   of  i»j)^  barriyat) 
Deserts,  wilderness,   l^  \2^^^  v::^^^^ 

^Jj^l  l^j^j;»-,And  she  mounted 

and  thev  journeyed  with  her,  crossing  the  dc 
serts  ana  wastes,  and  the  plains  and  the  rogge 
tracts,  until  they  arrived  at  Palmyra. 


^Ji 


(55) 


^ 


JJ^Iy  hraHl,  Presents,  bribes  to   a 
judge. 

ifb  hffd^,  Elegance,  perfection   of 
beauty.  SkiU.  vKJj  ^\  ^.-iJ\  j*  Jiii 

cAj^  iticLc^^  ^>*^  l^acui  Jlull, 

"Die  ^kh  therefore  advanoed  to  thorn  locks, 
and  he  opened  tiiem  by  hb  knowledge,  and 
coonge,  a&d  great  skill. 

j\ji  kffrdk,    Flashing,    sbining,    re- 
fpkode&t,  brilliant,  bright  as  lightning. 

^^]j{,  Brahmans.  i^^t^  JUU^  H^^^ 

c^'^j  J^-^^  J^^*^^>  -A.nd  among 
tbeia  is  a  clss  called  the  Brahmans,  a  people 
who  nerer  drink  wine ;  bat  they  are  a  people 
of  pleasure  and  joy  and  sport  and  memment, 
a&d  posKsaed  of  camels  and  horses  and  cattle. 

^^  hardhfn,  Argaments,  demonstra- 
tions, eTident  proofis. 

\.^ji  hardy  a,  Creatures.      ^U*J^  <jl^ 
ihe  Creator  of  men. 

<^|j  haraat,  Freedom.    !3eing  free  from 
my  defect  or  blemish. 

^^jij)  Barhari^ahf  Barbary  in  Africa. 
t/.  ^t  A  castle,  tower,  fortress,  ram- 
part, bulwark.     Bastion.    iulaS\  -.^j, 

The  tower  or  bastion  of  a  castle.  Bury,  A 
Ktar,  eoBsteUation,  the  honse  or  station  of  the 
moon  or  any  other  planet,  a  sign  of  the  zodiac. 

J^\  ^j)  hurfal  hamal,  The  sign 
Aries.  j^\  ^y  Hrjas  Mwr^  Tauras. 
tj^l  ^j3  huTJ  ajjatad,  Gemini,     ^ji 

J^jj!\  hwfj  assartdn^  Cancer,  ^ji 
•xJi]  hurfal  a»df  Leo.  ^LiyuJf  ^ji 
hwjal  9umhalah,  Yirgo.  ^^^J-i^  'T'j^ 
Utfjal  ml%dn,  Libra.  ^jh^\  ^j)  bur- 
fil  ^akrabf  Scorpio.  ^^1  ^ji  hurfal 
Wf,  Sagitarius.  4/«^f  '^ji  hurfal 
fiii,  Capricorn,    j)  Jt!^  -^.^  hurfuddalu, 

Aqurios.      LZJys^\  ^j)   hurfal  hut, 

I'^aaak  The  abore  are  nseS  either  simply,  or 
conpoimded  with  burf;  as  we  say  Aries,  or  the 
•eaateDaEluNi  Ari«. 


i}ji  hard,  Cold,  frigid. 

fj\*^ji  harddn,  Cold,  patient  of  cold. 

ie^Jj  harda^at,    A  cloth  stuffed  with 

wool,  laid  under  the  saddle,  a  pannel,  pack- 
saddle,  dorser. 

^jji  harzahh,  An  unfathomable  gulf;  the 

great  gulf  between  this  world  and  heayen,  or 
between  this  world  and  the  eternal  future. 

jjU»y  hwrihdn,  Wafers. 

^j  haras,  Leprosy. 

\^ji  harsd,  Leprous  (women), 

JJ?^  hartllf  A  bribe  to  a  judge, 

J^ji  harghash,  A  kind  of  gnat, 

J*i^  hurghid.  Wheat,  barley,  com  (es- 
pecially bruised) ;  also  a  dish  made  of  grain. 
-J^  hirflr,  Purple,  the  purple  shell-fish. 

jy  hark,  Lightning,  flashing  clouds,  a 

thunderbolt.     Flame,    l^  (J^  Uii 

\^\,  And  when  he  had  rubbed  the 

hand  of  the  horseman,  it  turned  like  the  blind- 
ing lightning,  and  faced  a  different  direction 
from  that  in  which  they  were ;  the  party  there- 
fore turned  thither. 

^j}    hurka^,   A  lady's   veil,   through 

which  only  the  eyes  are  seen.  A  curtain . 

\:b\j  ^  J^,  And  the  party  entered 

a  passage  payed  with  marble,  upon  the  sides  of 
which  were  curtains,  whereon  were  fieured 
▼arious  wild  beasts,  and  birds  of  gold  and 
sUyer,  and  their  eyes  were  of  pearls  and 
jacinths;  whoaoeyer  beheld  them  was  perplexed. 

2j\^j  harakdt,  Blessings,  benedictions. 

6^ji  harakat.  Abundance,  increase,  fer- 
tility.   A  blessing,  recompense,  prosperity. 

i^j  hurkah,  The  basin  of  a  fountain,  a 
pond,  reservoir  of  water,  a  lake.  S^j 
i^^\hwrket-eil'hooUh,  The  lake  Hooleh, 


^Ji 


(56)  Uj 


or  aqnsB  merom.  Bice  is  cultiyated  with  sac- 
cess  on  the  borders  of  the  marshy  country  of 
the  lake  Hooleh. 

CX«;J  JBarmak,  The  name  of  a  noble 

family,  orig:inally  from  Balkh  in  Khorassan, 
and  highly  celeorated  all  over  the  East  for 
their  generosity,  magnificencCi  and  distin- 
guished patronage  of  men  of  genius.  One  of 
the  most  illustrious  was  goyemor  to  the  ^at 
khalif  H&run  ArrashTd,  and  his  son  Giaffar 
was  afterwards  first  minister  to  that  prince. 

Ji;*^  harmll,  A  tun,  butt,  hogshead. 

(jfffj{  htruiyuk,  B.t.  (u8ed  in  Arabic), 
Gauze,  crape. 

{j^ji  humw,  A  kind  of  high-crowned 

cap,  worn  formerly  in  Barbery,  Spain,  and 
other  places.   (The  Spaniards  call  it  albomaz), 

^j)  bamiyat,  A  veseel  of  earth,  a  jar. 

J J^  hamli,  A  hippopotamus,  a  river- 
horse. 

TT^/    ^unfl;,    Fortifications,     ramparts. 
Celestial  signs.    Bastions,  towers. 

ij»j  humdat,  Coldness. 

Jjij  hurUz,  Evidence.     Being  evident, 
manifest,  clear,  palpable. 

^Ijb^  hurhdn,  Demonstration,  proof.  An 

indisputable  argument, 
^lib^    harhdnl,   Demonstrative.     JJj 

d\^.f  Convincing  proof. 
ijbjj  iurhat,  A  space  of  time. 

fj^ji  Brahman,  A  Brahman.    The  Brah- 

mans  form  the  first  tribe  or  caste  amongst  the 
Oentoos  or  aboriginal  natiyes  of  Hindostan. 

(jf^  hari,  Clear,  free,  exempted  fromi 

innocent,  guiltless.  SarrJ,  Sylyan,  rustic 
External. 

<L  J  hariyat,  A  desert,  wilderness,  i^^lii 

And  I  said:  By  God!  I  know  nothing  but 
what  I  told  thee.  Gird  thyself,  then,  said  he, 
and  take  an  axe  and  a  rop,  and  cut  firewood 
in  the  desert,  and  so  obtAin  thy  subsistence. 

Jj^  hairld,  A  measure  of  four  parasangs, 

or  sixteen  English  miles.  A  berid,  yeredus, 
courier,  messenger,  running  footman. 

^ji  harrayn  (dual  firom^),  The  pro- 


^J^^jji  hisr'el'kettdn^ 


yinoes  adjacent  to  the  White  and  Black  Seaa 
(the  MediteiTanean  and  Euxine). 

jUj  husidk,  Spittle,  saliva  when  spit  out 

(whilst  in  the  mouth  it  is  called  ^Jj^ 
rlk). 

jfj)  hwr,  Seed. 

linseed.  [stars. 

i^  hoLitgh,  Rising  of  sun,  moon,  or 

I^ImJ  hitdt,  Carpet. 

J  Usahah,  For  that  reason,  therefore. 

^\ii\  VdJb  i^.^m}J^\,  Then  the 

king  was  perplexed  at  his  situation,  and  in 
great  fear,  on  discoyering  that  the  coming  of 
the  army  was  on  account  of  this  young  man. 

^\imj  ho8idn,  A  garden  for  flowers  or 
herbs.  js^\  w—-^  J^^lj  J.i^  c/*r^ 

uXJUm«  ijUj\  *{aU»j  ^^j^^  5«Xli:L« 

^IimJI  ^\  \^fp^y^t  So  each  of  them 

dressed  himself  in  the  richest  of  his  apparel, 
and  they  went  forth,  followed  by  four  slaves, 
and  repaired  to  the  garden. 

v^IimJ  hottdnit  A  gardener.    Belonging 
to  a  garden,  gardening.  vJ^^^^^  idi^^U 

^j^  ^J>  J  Aju:^i\  LAm  ,  So  the 

^[ardener  charged  him  to  use  the  utmost  caution 
in  concealiDg  himself  and  he  left  him  and 
departed. 

IxguJ  hast,  Expansion,  extension,  stretch* 

ine  out,  spreading  abroad,  diffusing,  enlarging, 
widening. 

^jtMtj  hiimi  (for  ^ff^^,)»  In  the  name  of. 
aU^  M*t^,  In  the  name  of  God.    t,*^^  a 


And  between  the  two  slayes  was  a  tablet  of 
gold,  whereon  was  an  inscription,  which  was 
this :  In  the  name  of  God,  the  Compassionate, 
the  Merdful. 

la««yj   hasH,   Simple   (in  opposition    to 
compound).    Single. 

ij\Mj  heshdrai,  The  announcement  of  a 
happy  eyent;  joyfiil  news;  a  present  given  for 

good  news.  vlJo^t  Jjj\  t^jJjlt  vj:JUj 


Ui 


(57) 


it' 


Ui;^UJ\ 


i^  uXJl^  ijuJij  ^^ji)f  And 


ihe  «id :  Obt  wd,  I  derare  of  thee  fhe  preaent 
ofthegBodfidiiigs.  My  aonl,  when  I  heard 
tbflK  vonii,  retvned  tQ  m  j  hody,  and  I  re- 
plied: Tbn  ebalt  reoeive  firom  me  eTerything 


^,  Joviality,  cheerfolness, 
opemwBflf  Muntenance,  langhing,  smiling. 

^Liktkayr,  Messengers  of  joyful  news. 

^  ktkar,  6i?ing  joy,  diffasing  glad- 

BM)  Rjoidog  at  good  newa.    Relating  news 

in  gooal,  gw)d  or  had. 

/1j  haakar,  Man,  mankind ;  mortals,  the 
biiBtt  nee.  [malignantly. 

j^,  Wtfm,  Halicionsly  malevolently, 

j/j  huksri,  Hnman.    Mortal,    ^ij^ 
kikgriftl,  Humanity,  human  nature. 

jSjLi  h§ikfir,  A  towel. 

JLi  MUr,  A  messenger  of  good  news. 

jj'<^  hudfr  (pi.  of  ij:^)f  Attention, 

ndj,  TigQanee. 

jsi  kur,  Seeing,  diaceming.  The  sight, 

^i>«L  The  eje.  Understanding,  mind, 
c^Kitj.    Knowledge,  science. 

/u  hoard,  Intelligent  (men). 

'/^  or  i^\  Bas$orahj  The  well-known 
towioTBaiBorah. 

l)^  toM^  The  onion.      The  bulbous 
toot  of  t^  lily,  toHp,  onion,  garlic,  etc 

**»  km,  An  interval ;  distance  between 
tb  extremitiei  of  the  ring  and  the  little  fingers 

\u  ^^^^oC^.  ^atab  is  the  space  between 
tite  middle  and  ring-fingers ;  ^^j 
fM  between  the  middle  and  fore ;  zi 

^l)etween  the  index  and  thumb:  -^Ja 
lit^froa  ^e  thumb  to  the  little  finger;  and 

^ffmei  the  interval  between  any 

two), 

j^.^r,  Seeing,  perceiving,  discem- 
H>  paetndng.    Intelligent. 

'jr^.  hOrti,  Sight,  foresight,  prudence, 

i*^|Mt»  attention^  watchMness,  penetration, 
(xaoB,  areamspection,  earefnlness. 

4iU  Ua^  (pL  jJLflj),  Goods,  mei- 


«^«afiie.  iiiA..,li 


\^ 


y 


And  I  informed  the  king  that  this  ship  was 
the  one  in  which  I  had  been  a  passenger ;  and 
I  told  him  also  that  my  goods  had,  arrived 
all  entire. 

k^  hoi,  A  duck. 

Jliaj  hatial,  Idle,  vain,  lazy.  Fruitless, 
empty. 

JLilk)  hatdlaL  Idleness,  leisure. 

iLjUaj  hiianat,  The  lining  of  a  garment. 

ZjUsj  hiMyat,  Slowness,  heaviness,  slug- 
gishness. Stupidity  of  intellect.  Tiresome- 
ness, wearisomeness  of  manner. 

^^j^i  BatrUn,  The  ancient  Bostrys,  on 

the  Mediterranean. 
iSiJa)  hatrikiyiUf  The  patriarchate. 

(jmIs^  haUhy  Seizing,  carrying  away  by 

force,  roshing  upon  with  violence.  Power, 
authority,  command,  vigour,  strength,  stern- 
ness, severity. 

Jla^  hiUal,  A  brave  man,  a  champion. 

^jUlaj  hUldn,  Being  unfounded,  futile, 

vain.    Absuxdity,  futility. 

siaj   hdum,    The    turpentine-tree     and 

firuit ;  also  a  kind  of  greenish  grain,  of  a 
turpentine  quality. 

j^  a<i^».  The  belly.  C^j^d^J^ 

Doth  aught  remain  in  thy  vessel  ?  And  he 
said :  Yes ;  I  have  some  goods  in  the  hold  of 
the  ship,  but  their  owner  waa  drowned  in  the 
sea. 

jiaj  hut'A,  Slowness,  heaviness, 
^^oj  hUdn,  Bellies,  interior  parts. 

^aj  huti,  Slowness,  laziness,  dullness, 
JBatl,  Slow,  ^j^^  ^^J2)f  Lazy  by 
nature.     XJ^-sf  1  l5^'  Slow  in  motion. 

,^vla^  hatlkh  (and  i^ssrilaj),  A  melon. 

^J^  batln.  Large,  prominent,  gore- 
bellied.    The  nickname  of  Aly. 

ifuju  ha^a^at,  Precipitancy  of  speech. 
Flight  from  battle  or  from  an  enemy. 

^  ha^J,  Cutting  open  the  belly  with  a 

knife. 


J« 


(68) 


Jju  ha^,  After,  afterwards,  hitherto. 

JkffiUl,  But  then,  how,  however  (a 
transition  from  one  part  of  the  sabject  to 

another,    very    common   in    letters). 

Ujju,  After  that.  ^JjIjju  UJ^lUi, 
la  asaluhujiyima  baf^  abdan^  I  ahoU  not  ask 

him  any  more.  JLJI  VdJb  ^^^  l::^.^  J^ 
\^  cuJ>-^j  i^^  J^  JoU,  Thus 

I  continued  for  the  space  of  a  year,  after  which 
I  came  one  day  into  the  desert,  according  to 
my  custom,  and  I  wandered  abont 

Juu  hu^.  Distance.     aSib  ^Jl&  Jj!  *Jj 

cT*  ^^  lt"  C^  !H>^'  ^^v/ 

Juu ,  Thus  I  remained,  until  I  walked 
one  day  upon  the  shore  of  the  island,  when 
there  appeared  unto  me  an  indistinct  object  in 
the  distance. 

l1^  JJuo  ha^dEoltk,  Afterwards. 

iJM  ba^hu,  After,  afterwards,   then, 
howeyer,  after  which  or  that. 

ju  ha^,  The  globular  dung  of  animals. 

Zijju  baMkatf  Scattering,  dispersing. 

Mtb^L^ju   hi  ^oidkirihim,   With    their 
troops. 

^^MJ   ha^d,  Some,  certain ;  sundry ;  a 
little.    _iLJJl  I  ,aju .  On  a  certain 

night. 

jfajib  an  nuaaiid  ba^na  ba^dan^  We  ought 

to  assist  each  other.    J-4^  u:..^li 

*^  L5-b  v^ 

d^^oMJ  uu%^^^  ^^"Sjuj,  And  I  hrought 

back  a  load  upon  my  head,  and  sold  it  for  half 
a  piece  of  gold,  part  of  which  I  expended  in 
food,  laying  by  tne  remainder. 

Jju  ba^l,  A  husband.      A  wife,  who  is 
called  also  <Oju.     The  idol  Baal. 

CXJjo    JBauMah,    Balbek   in    Syria. 

These  beautiful  structures,  though  replete  with 
interest  and  delifht,  carry  with  them  a 
mingled  feeling  of  humiliation  and  re^et: 
hunuliation  at  the  reflection  of  the  transitory 
greatness  of  all  human  conceptions ;  and  regret 
that  such  proud  relics  of  man's  genius  should 


\tM)  Um^IU  J^ImJ  ^\ 


-    »  y 


be  held  by  a  people  incapable  of  appreeiating 
their  merits,  anii  consequently  needless  of 
their  further  and  complete  destniction. 

^Uj  4^)1  ij\^  bi^ndffatillahi  ta^ala\ 
"  By  the  assistance  of  the  great  God. 

fjoyu  ba^d  (or4i^),  A  gnat. 

Juju  ba^d,  Distant,  absent.     Bemote« 

(in  point  of  relationship).  ^  Juiu 
L^\yA\,  Far  from  right,  unreasonable. 

Jju  ,.rC,  From  aflEir.     Ju5U  ,^,  Not 

feur  off,  near  at  hand.    J^^J?  ^^t^ls 


lo !  it  was  the  right  way :  they  took  that  route, 
and  continued  their  course  the  same  day  and 
the  next  night,  until  they  had  trarersed  a  wide 
tract  of  country. 


^tJUAJ  bi^nihf,  He,  himself,  itself. 

iflL  buffhat.  Freraricators,  tnuugnsson, 
oppresson,  tyrants,  ruffians,  rebek. 

JUj  b^hdl  (pi.  of  Jij),  Moles. 

iAkj  bagh&yat^  Extremely,  exceedingly, 

Tery  much,  immoderately,  vehemently,   dili- 
gently. 

iSM  boffhtatan,  Suddenly,  unexpectedly • 


CJ\fJ^  ^^,  Has  the  archer  shot  me, 

or  have  thine  eyes  P  Thou  bast  destroyed  the 
heart  of  the  enamoured  on  his  looking  at  thee  ! 
Has  the  notched  arrow  been  suddenly  launched 
at  me  from  the  midst  of  an  army,  or  from  thy 
window  P 

j\jju  bagdddf  Bagdad.     This  town  has 

from  70,000  to  80,000  inhabitants.  It 
suppUes  Kosoul,  Kermanshah,  Hamadan,  and 
its  goods  reach  even  as  far  as  Ispahan. 

^jM  buffhd,  Hatred.  ^Ji£>^  u^9  ^^' 
cealed  hatred.  ^^^dxi  baghd^  Zm), 
baghdat,  Hatred,  hating,     t^**^*  o  >  U  ; 


LakJi]  ls-Jlaj\j  l|i,  And  she 


Jfc 


(69) 


J^ 


koked  tofteoglit  and  left,  uid  then  ahut  the 
vindov,  and  dnppesred.  Fixe  had  been  shot 
into  Bj  hoBty  ma  my  mind  was  abaorbed  by 
her;  mj  blind  of  women  was  timed  into 
loTe. 

J«  k§Jdfj^  JUj  and  JU^l)i  A  mule. 

^  kgh,  Injastioey  tyratiny,  oppres- 

"oon,  ivlaea.  Befeetion,  revolt,  rebeUion. 
TnapoBBg  the  bounds  of  propriety,  ezorbi- 
Unif  iBBodaite,  insolent,  oppresaiTe. 

jM  Ughmfw,  pr.   Without.     J>>-« 
H-§ktfn-Ukkm^  W^i&ont  right  or  justice, 

u;L>.^Jb  'luJ  ^j^,  And  he  raised 

kk  efn  to  hearen,  and  said :  Praise  be  to 
1W,0Lord,  0  Oieator,  0  Giver  of  all  Goods! 
Thoa  dort  rapply  whom  thon  wilt  without 
nckoai]^! 

,  jUjj^l^Ui  aLoAJ  hfadlihi  subhdnahu 

r«  tM^\  By  the  grace  of  God,  by  divine 

hvcor. 

Jikikmlh  hakkat,  A  bog. 

'«.*  kfcd,  Pennaneney,  perpetuity,  dura- 
tisD,  eontimiation,  perseverance,  steadineM. 

;'i.*kUdr,  A  dealer  in  cattle,  a  driver, 
fif  Kid^,  Places,    parts,    conntries, 
tnctB,  districts,  regions.    clO  J  Jcjii 

^llaL  j1  (.Ij^.^^-^"? ,  So  upon  this  the 

pnter  was  ccafounded,  and  he  said  within 
"inidr:  By  God!  this  phwe  is  one  of  the 
^aiot  «f  Paradise ;  or  is  it  the  palace  of  a 
bagoTBQltanF 

J'i^  lakkal^  An  oil  merchant,  a  grocer, 
>  Todor  of  oils,  pickles.  [Balances. 

ji;  Mbdyd,  The  remains,   fragments. 

jiAi  hkaiar.  According  to,  with  regard 
^  ai  to,  in  consideration  of.  jJm 
^U».11,  According  to  the  exigency. 

jifWsr,  Oxen. 

*/f  Uaro/,  A  cow,  an  ox. 

cr^  kii.  The  box-tree. 

^j^  MUfvd,  8.  t.    (used  in  Arabic), 

A  &h  of  flaky  pastry,  sweetened  with  syrup 
^  wttty,  and  cot  i^  in  rhomboidil  pieces. 


^  ioi^,  A  broad  bean,  a  horse  bean. 
Jb  hakam,  Brazil  wood.     Log  wood. 
J^  Mtal,  Herbs,  pot-herbs.    U.'«  ji,>f 

»U  Ju^  iji}^\  f  And  whilst  we  were 

npon  that  island,  eating  of  its  fruits  and  its 
herbs,  and  drinldng  of  the  rivers  that  were 
there,  lo !  there  appeared  to  us  an  inhabited 
house  in  the  midst  of  that  island,  and  we  went 
towards  it. 

Lib  hakiyai,  The  remainder,  rest,  re- 
mains, what  is  preserved  or  reserved. 

tlio  hegh,  A  bey,  prince,  lord,  squire. 

The  son  of  a  Pasha  or  high  frmctionary.  The 
style  of  colonels,  lieutenant-colonels,  post- 
captains,  and  commandjeiB,  etc. 

Mf   Jfild,  Weeping,  crying.      A  com- 
plaint, lamentation,  exclamation.  ^^5^^ 

Clii^LjJl  ifijb,  And  he  wept  violently, 
pouring  forth  tears,  and  recited  the  following 

verses.     ^JlJliUl  ^t^jj  ^  csJUi 
JUi^mJ^  ICJ\  \dJb  c,  %»■■>,  And  his  wife 


said  to  him,  Why  dost  thou  weep,  0  my  lord, 
who  made  thee  cry,  and  what  made  thee  cry, 
and  what  is  the  cause  of  this  violent  weeping  P 

ijMj  hai&rat,  Virginity. 

i)  bikr;  A  maid,  a  virgin,  a  girl.  A 
woman  delivered  of  her  first  child.  The 
eldest,  first-bom. 


(JL^\/j  hakar&t  (pi.  of  ^),  Pnllies. 

iSj  hukrat,  The  morning,  the  dawn, 
the  aurora.  ^^^l>-.  He  came  in 
the  morning.      ^\  i/j  ^\^\s^f 

Thej  came  all  together.    They  left  nobody 
belund. 

i^jij  hikri,  Virgin,  belonging  to  a  virgin, 
ij^  hakuriyat,  Primogeniture. 
Jj  Jo/,  Bat,  yet,  however,  jjlkcl  laii  jj**J 
^.^^  ^  ^1  Jj  Jtfwlj  <-J>li^  ly»  fakat 

a^omi  kitah  wdhidj  M  arhai  Jnitby  He  not 
only  gave  me  one  book,  but  four  books. 


jL 


(60) 


^ 


h  hala^  A  misfortune,  trouble,  t^  Jij  Ji 

LHj  Udl  J^  ^  ^.r^J.  B^t  they 

could  not  do  so.  They  resigned  themselyes 
to  fate  and  destiny,  and  I  submitted  to  God 
with  patient  endurance  of  fate,  affliction,  and 
misfortune. 

h  Ida,  Without,  beyond.  Jl^^l  L, 
WiUiout  delay.  Jlf^l  3b,  Without 
neglect.  j^\jh^  Immediately,  with- 
out delay.  ^^  Hj,  Without  recom- 
pense.   i-^.--jLLliCas^ljUJ,/fmd«X 


tadhak  bila  iabab.  Why  do  you  laugh  without 
cause? 

Si)    hildd,    Cities,    countries,    regions. 


Jj^U; 


And  I  blamed  myself  for  having  undertaken 
this  Toyage,  after  I  had  been  reposing  at 
ease  in  my  abode  and  my  country,  in  ample 
happiness,  and  enjoying  good  food  and  good 

drink  and  good  apparel.   (iI/Uj^  L/^J 

Jl^\JL>  ^  \jbj^  ^  U^,  There  is 

not  a  country  there  better  than  our  country : 
every  thing  that  is  in  it  is  better  than  what 
is  in  any  other  of  all  the  countries. 

if  Jib  haladat,  Stupidity,  folly. 

)oh  halat.  Level  ground,  a  smooth  pave- 
ment of  stones.    A  palace.  [words. 
<ti3b    haldghat,   Eloquence,   fluency    of 
dJ^lb  hakthat,  Extreme  stupidity. 
\A>  haktyd  (pi.  of  lb).  Evils,  misfortunes. 

JUj    hMal,  Anxiety,  anguish,  grief, 
vexation. 

JJb  lulhuly  The  bulbul,  a  bird  with  a 

melodious  voice,  a  great  favourite  with  the 
Eastern  poets ;  the  European  bird  which  most 
nearly  resembles  it  is  the  nightingale. 

Jj  halah,  Dates. 

M  halad,  A  city,  town,  district,  pro- 
vince, country. 


JiA)  hiUdn  (pL  of  jJb),  Cities.    ^\ 

^U<o5b^]^l^U>;^J 

I  was  enjoyinff  a  most  comfortable  life  "and 
the  most  pure  nappiness,  until  it  occurred  tti 
my  mind  to  travel  again  to  the  lands  of  other 
people,  and  I  felt  a  longing  for  commercial 
transactions,  and  the  pleasure  of  seeing  the 
countries  and  islands,  and  gaining  my  subcds- 
tence. 

^Uj  halasdn,  The  balsam  tree.  Balsam. 
Balm  of  Gilead. 

^L  hal^,  Swallowing,  devouring.  Ab- 
sorbing.    ^JjL^,  The  twenty-third 

mansion  of  the  moon  fdiBtinguished  by  two 
s^rs,  the  one  bright,  tne  other  fjeiint,  as  if 
devoured  by  the  other). 

fjij  hdghamf  Phlegm,  ^^j^^  halghaml^ 
Phlegmatic. 

^^^fl^/flr,Crystal.  ij^\^\  \^\  ^ 
l^  \y^  J\j>.  i^\^  ^^  ^\J\ 
^Uy\  LZjfu  ifjU^  ljb^i\9-y  JlJU. 


J-iJt  4ZjLIS[,   ^^^)\,    And   they 

went  thence  to  Uie  fourth  chamber,  where 
they  found  closets,  one  of  which  they  opened, 
and  they  found  it  iiill  of  utensils  for  food  and 
^nk,  consisting  of  various  vessels  of  gold  and 
silver,  and  saucers  of  crystal  and  cups  set  with 
brilliant  pearls  and  cups  of  cameUan. 

t^  haUut^  An  acorn.     An  oak.      «Ll 

i^^,  (The  royal  oak),  a  chestnut- tree. 

i^J^  )s^'{^hQ  ground  oak),  the  herb 
germander,  chamiedrys. 

^^  haUu^,  A  hole  in  the  middle  of 

a  house  or  cotirt,  into  which  all  kinds  of  filth 
are  thrown ;  the  mouth  of  a  drain  or  oommon 
sewer. 

iyb  hdAghf  Arriving  at  any  place,  ob- 
taining an  object.  ^^J-i^,  halagJuml^ 
It  reached  to  me  (the  news),  I  have  been  told, 
I  have  heard.    JU^^  ^^^  UL  I.4JL 


Uj 


(61) 


-^ 


I^UI,  Aod  when  they  had  attained 

to  Bankood,  ind  vere  both  endowed  with 
erery  tnfwripltfhmcpt,  their  fiither,  when- 
ent  he  ude  a  ymnuj,  leated  them  by  tome 
ia  die  yi  of  iqdgment,  and  each  of  them 
jodged  tbe  peo|M£  for  one  day  at  a  time. 

4i^  Uufkiffai,  Paberty,  the  age  of 
nasoo.  AttuamenL 

L^^  hkk,  8.t  (nsed  in  Arabic),  A 

fnooB,  nbdiTiaon ;  a  oompany  of  in&ntry, 
•  iqaadnmofbone. 

jyj  kh^f  An  experiment,  proof,  trial, 
taxfUM&mf  affliction,  dietma,  aorrow. 

jJj  hM,  A  fftupid,  simpleton,  idiot. 

w  httyh,  Eloquenty  numerous,  copious. 

EfTeetoal,  ejficacioaa.  wJj  ^J^,  A 
p^  tSifitf  Tiat  labour. 

ili  htUff^,  Harm,  evO,  mishap. 

^  JU  imazd,  With  what  ?  with  what 

iastniment?    c^^Ul  f  «3JMju-^  UUj 

•    .  • 

imkafaUtktM  kasal  iai,  f^th  what  pnatra- 
BCBt)  UTe  yon  opened  thia  door  ? 

^j^'  himuj^radf  Merely,  solely,  only. 

CC4£j  j^  il&Ju^lS  Id  iuaddukak 
^m^amd  sa^mika^  I  cannot  beUeve  yon  on 
pnr  nece  aaKrtion. 

^  ^,  An  edifice,  structure,  building. 
Construction.    ^jLscUl  ^-^^^^  /i-^ 

\»^  \jjs  l^lyj  jj^  Jt^^  He  then 

o^Q«cted  ^  eaipentera,  baild^  and  architecta, 
udieat  them  to  that  mountain,  and  they  built 

^  her  an  impregnable  palace.     1:j 

kndf  An  architect,  builder.  jUa^^Uj 
Aicbiteet  and  builder. 

^*'*^  hMat,  Daughters.     ^JJci]  d^^liJ, 

^  eomtdlation  of  the  bear  (as  having  the 
itn  leaitend,  in  oppoeition  to  the  Pleiades, 

vbere  they  cluster  together).  LZj\iJ 
j^\  Daughters  of  the  sea,  syrens, 
aolphina.  l^U.  ^  ^h  Uiji\  Ul, 


^.jUli 


=^jJ^Jjy^V  c; 


^UiHl ,  As  for  the  world,  fall  not  into 

its  snares,  nor  cling  to  its  sldrts ;  for  I  possess 
four  thousand  bay  horaes  in  a  stable ;  and  I 
married  a  thousana  princesses,  of  the  daughters 
of  kings,  high-bosomed  nrgins,  like  moons. 

^uLc'ljj,  Therefore,  wherefore,   accord- 
ingly. 

ij:^  hint,  A  daughter,  a  girl,     lii^w 

hint  and  the  (pi.)  c:jI:j  handt,  are 
frequently  used  with  much   elegance  in  a 

variety  of  compound  epithets;  as,  cs  •*'»} 

j^\  hint'dl-hahr,  The  daughter  of  the 

sea  (a  sjrren,  mermaid,  or  dolphin). 

J^l  cr^  hint  qifahal,  The  daughter 

of  the  mountain  (echo).  JJLS^\  \jl^ 
bint   asAthifahf    The   daughter   of  the  lip 

(speech).  ^Ji\  jjl^  hint  al-Jikhr, 
The  daughter  of  reflection  (prudence). 
A,jQ\  \jL^  hint  al-karm,  The  daughter 

of  the  vine  (wine).  xj^J^^  ^^^f 
handt  al-ardj  The  daughters  of  the  earth 

(rivulets).  ^j^\  LD\iJ,  handt  ul-^ffn, 
The  daughters  of  the  eyes  (tears). 
^\cl^\:j,  ^tfna^a/'bAtf,  The  daughters 
of  pastime  (strings  of  a  musical  instru- 
ment). JJJf  lzj\:j  handt  dt-lU, 
The  daughters  of  the  night  (dreams). 
'US\  diUj  handt  ul-md,  The  daughters 

of  the  deep  water  (fish),  j  Judl^  c:.^Uj 

hanat  atsdir,  The   daughters  of  the  breast 

(cares). 

.  

^  hanj,  Henbane,  a  soporific  herb. 

j*i^  handar,  A  city,   an  emporium;  a 

port,  harbour ;  a  trading  town,  to  which  num- 
bers of  foreign  merchants  resort. 

j^AiJ  handak  (pL  J^.^^)i  Bastard. 

j^aij  hinsir  (pL^W),  The  ring-finger. 

-tf****^  hanafsajf  A  violet. 

<Uaa:j  hinafiihi,  In  person,  himself.     In 
essence. 


^iicj  hank  (pi.  di^).  The  bank. 

yj  hanU,  Sons,  posterity.     Descendants. 

i^yj  hanawayy.  Filial. 


'^ 


(62) 


_u  banl,  Sons.     »J\  ^yj,  The  sons  of 


Adam,  men,  mortals.    ^^ 


^J. 


(^Is^ ,  And  he  had  two  huge  wings, 

and  fonr  (hands)  amu ;  two  of  them  like  those  of 
the  sons  of  Adam,  and  two  like  the  four  legs  of 

fierce  beasts,  with  daws.     See^^, 
hanikat,  The  gore  of  a  woman's 


shift.    The  npper  orifice  of  a  shirt,  or  opening 
at  the  hreast 

^Ljj    hantdSf    Paneas,    the    Gaasarea 
Philippi  of  the  andents. 

^^L;j  hunffdn,  A  wall,  rampart,  fEibric, 
building,  edifice,  inclosure.  ub  ci^j^i 

if  jJl^  l^  ^  C^ J^y  J^J]  if  ju^ 

^uLj,  I  saw  a  door,  and  I  entered  it, 

and  beheld  a  palace,  strongly  and  beantifiilly 
constructed,  where  I  found  a  lady,  like  a  pearl 
of  great  price,  whose  aspect  banished  from  the 
heart  all  anxiety  and  gnef  and  afflictions. 

JL:j  hunyatf  A  structure.  The  constitu- 
tion or  construction  of  the  human  body. 

^^|y  hauwdb,  A  porter.  ^\j)  hawwdhah, 
A  female  porter.  i)\^  hawwdhai,  A 
gate.  tl^J^^jy^lj^LjJlciJf^ 

^jJl  C^Ul  ^^U  ^.^la.  di:^ 

c-^1y  ^  t/^i  ^^^  the  soldiers  and 

troops  were  unaUe  to  do  so,  and  they  said, 
How  shall  we  contend  against  him  from  whom 
nothing  is  secluded,  the  Lord  of  the  door  that 
hath  no  door-keeper  F 

j\y^  lawdr,  Euin,  destruction,  perdition. 

liaJ\y    hiwdsitat,    By  the   means    of, 

through*     ^AkM*!!  9y**i  ^(3um>  ^u\f 

UuKuitat  Myyidnia  ffaauf^  al  moitlh^  Through 
our  Lord  Jesus  Chnst.  [piles. 

j^^y^    hawdilr.    Hemorrhoids,   emrods, 

^Jff\y  hawdtin  (pi.  and  fern.).  Interior 
parts  (of  the  belly,  etc.). 


\y  hofod^,  Causes,  motives,  reasons. 

yj)  huhhu,  The  pupil  of  the  eye. 

jy)  bawr,  Uncultivated  (ground).     2fjj^ 

jy  ^joJi\  hasiih  aldrd  hur,  This  land  is 
barren. 

^y  h^rak,  Borax. 

{j**y  hd»,  and  lL»y ,  A  kiss,  kissing. 

jfy  hukf  A  trumpet,  clarion,  hunting 
horn. 

J  \jy  haidlf  A  tankaid  without  a  handle. 
^y^y  hnkalamUn,  A  camelion. 
fjy  hmcl,  Urine. 
/tji   MUn  (or  4^jj    lumat).  An  owl. 

i*^1  d^^  fjty  ^^c^^  m«M4  1^1 ,  And 

I  saw  a  fish  two  hundred  cubits  long,  whose 
face  was  like  that  of  the  owl. 

Ifj  hahd,  Beauty,  elegance,     l|i^  ^^/Mk^-, 
Beauty  and  elegance. 

\^  hthd,  In  (with,  by),  her  (or  it), 
jl^  hahdr,  Pimento. 
jtA^  hahdjfm,  Beasts,  brutes,  wild  beasts. 

^Is^  huhtdn,  A  calumny,  lie,  slander, 

false  accusation,  malignant  imputation,  malevo- 
lent suspicion. 

A«r  bolg'at,  Gladness,  joy,  cheerftiliiess, 
alacrity.    ,»U^!lt  _j  Jj^\  \f^  ^\^ 

JU(,  Ifu,  \fji  i^A)  l|i--»*J  c,,^^ 

l^jjl,  Her  name  was  The  Bose    in 

the  Calyces  (or  the  Unblown  Rose),  and  the 
reason  of  her  being  so  named  was  her  exces- 
sivedelioaoy  of  beauty  and  her  perfect  elegaace, 
and  the  king  was  fond  of  carousing  witn  her, 
on  account  of  her  accomplished  manners. 

^<^  bahl,  Beautiful,  elegant,  graceful. 

«. 

<U^  hahipat  (fem.),  Beautiful  (woman). 

4«4m^  hahlmat,  A  quadruped,  an  animal » 

wild  or  tame.   X^j^Jl  Ul  Ji^^l^LJi^ 

Is  altrudn  lahu  ^kl  ammd  MahimoA 
faXoy  Man  has  reason,  a  brute  none. 

^Li  ftaydJ,'Whiteness.  t— ftL)..»4J  ^^sa\a 


cJrJf-  ^^J^\^  *  ^)j^'^  v/i 


(68) 


t?rf 


^;LJl,  J^^\  iiiii  Jlc  ^,  Bo 

theatdmoniihed  by  those  who  before  thee  haye 
been  oofTend  with  dust,  and  hasten  to  enter 
die  mj  of  thj  destination.  Dost  thon  not 
ne  that  fliT  hoarinen  is  calling  tliee  to  the 


hoarin< 

tomb,  and  tke  whitenees  of  thy  hair  is  invitin, 
tbee  to  deplore  tliy  fate  ?    Bisware  then  an 
fKftn  thjidf  for  departure  and  for  giving 
acooinit 


^Lj  Vyyd^,  A  seller. 


Irene. 


ilA'O,  And  the  city  became  re- 

pe<^Ied,  and  the  shop-keepers  and  sellers  re- 
earned  their  business  of  selling  and  buying, 
and  every  one  returned  to  his  oocnpation,  and 
the  iiUiidB  became  as  they  were  at  the  fint. 

^b  hoyan,  An  explanation,  declaration, 

opodtioD,  eridenoe,  proo(  iUnstration.  Bela- 
tia.   Eloqueoee. 

hayi,  A  hoose,  edifice.    A  distich, 
A  closet.    A  family. 

f'j^\  <d]t  vju^  heytuUdMl-hardm,  (The 
kolj  hooK  of  God)  the  Temple  of  Mecca. 

JU11  i^^  heyUd-m&lj  (The  honse  of 

the  treasure)  the  public  treasury,  ls^^^j 

^Ul)  heytul-mdljlf  An  officer  who 

takes  eogniaaiiee  of  the  estates  of  deceased 
penoDs,  or  of  spoils  of  war,  and  asseases  them 

for  suocession  dues.  Uil  yjz*"^  JBeit  el 
no.  The  GroTe  of  Dapbne.  Daphne  was  the 
ttme  with  respect  to  Antioch,  as  Baise  was  to 
Itome,  and  Canopus  to  Alexandria — a  place  of 
nrart  for  amnaement  and  pleasure.  The  senses 
were  gratified  with  harmonious  sounds  and 
^i^naatic  odours ;  beautiftal  were  the  walks,  and 
liiadea,  and  grottds ;  beautiful  the  Syrian 
*VBes  who  jesorted  or  dwelt  there.  At  last, 
ill  vho  had  any  fortitude  or  virtue  ayoided  the 
?!•«.  The  eokuer  and  the  philosopher  ahunned 
m  tmpcatioos.  NeTertheless,  the  groTes  of 
D^kaa  eontinned  for  many  ages  to  attract  the 
TQcmbn  and  to  be  the  resort  of  natiyes  and 
■^n&gen:  the  pririlegea  of  the  aacred  ground 
vers  oilax^  by  the  munificence  of  aucceeding 
cvpcron,  and  CTeiy  eeneration  added  new 
f>^>SM!Bta  to  the  splendour  of  the  temple.  At 
wtdbs  Chiistians  of  Antioch  built  a  magni- 
Mt  efaureh  here,  to  Babylas,  bishop  of  that 
ctj,  vho  died  in  the  penecution  of  Decius ; 
t^  Tiles  thenoefortii  began  to  be  neglected, 
*B^.Uieniest  of  Apollo  to  forsake  the  place. 
ima,  the  Apostate  endeaTOurod  to  renye 


the  loye  of  paganism  amidst  the  groyes  of 
Daphne.  He  yisited  the  neglected  altars,  and 
resumed  the  sacrifices,  and  saw  with  morti- 
fication and  anguish  that  their  reign  was 
oyer,  their  sun  going  down,  and  that  mys- 
terious yoice  had  gone  forth  in  Daphne,  as  in 
the  temples  of  Greece—"  Let  us  go  hence." 
One  nignt  the  temple  waa  disooverS  to  be  in 
flames ;  the  statue  of  Apollo  was  consumed  to 
ashes,  as  also  were  the  altara.  Julian  said  that 
the  maUoe  of  the  Christians  had  caused  the 
conflagration,  the  Christians  said  it  was  the 

vengeance  of  God.    See  ^  J. 
^f^^  heytntat,  Passing  the  night  in  any 

abode.   *  IfLicl  ^J  t^^^^jliuH  cJ 

4t  Jl>.  y  Let  destiny  mn  with  slack- 
ened reins,  and  pass  not  the  night  but  with 
careless  mind ;  for  between  the  closing  of  an 
eye  and  its  opening,  God  changes  one  state  of 
tomgs  into  another ! 

jJuJ  Mdar,  A  bam  in  which  they  thrash 

or  tread  out  com.  A  quanity  of  grain  piled 
up  in  a  bam. 

j^  hlr  (pi.  of  jbl),  A  well,  a  pit. 

^^^  hayrak,  A  standard,  colours,  ensign, 
flag,  banner. 

Lxij  haydd  (fern,  of  ^ja^\  ahyad),  White. 
jjjlSl^  'UuJ\  JuiiJ|^  c^jJl  ^ 

So  they  entered  the  first  chamber,  and  they 
found  it  filled  with  gold  and  white  siWer,  and 
pearls  and  jewels,  and  jacinths  and  precious 
minerals. 

^Li«j  hiddn,  White  men  (in  opposition 
to  ^^  J^  sUddn,  Negroes). 

i^  haydah  (pi.  c:^l>4?j  hayddt,  coll. 

^jo^^  hayd),  An  egg.      ^jo^^  ^jJ^'i 

Id  tosh  tori  hoydf  Don'tbuy  eggs.  ^^/^^ 

d^Lij  ^j\%uMirl  arha^  hayddt,  Buy 
four  eggs. 

^Ik^j  laytdr,  A  horse-doctor,  a  farrier. 

w^  hay^,  Selling ;  a  sale.    ^i^\  JuaJ^ 

mufiidalhay^,  Eedhibitory.  <Ufi^^AMi^ 

wJ\,  mafiukhiyat  id  hay^,  Eedhibi- 
tion. 


Jii 


(64) 


o-l; 


ifui  hay^at,  Inanguration.  £i^t,  A 
temple,  a  ChriBtian  church. 

«ILj  hlkdr,  Compass. 

^^t^  Beyldfif  The  ancient  Amana,  a 

large  Tillage  situated  on  a  deep,  narrow,  and 
elevated  valley  of  the  range  of  Mount  Amanns, 
at  the  distance  of  three  hours'  riding  from 
Alexandretta,  and  commanding  a  fine  view  of 
the  Mediterranean  and  intervening  country. 
The  pass  of  fieylim,  in  the  mountain,  called  by 
the  ancients  PylsB  Syriss.  is  celebrated  in  his- 
tory as  being  the  one  through  which  Darius 
marched  his  mighty  army  from  the  plains  of 
Assyria  to  the  coast  of  Cilicia,  a  few  days 
before  the  battle  of  Issus.  Upon  its  posses- 
sion still  depends  all  communication  between 
Syria  and  Anatolia. 

^  hayn,  Between,  among.  ^]^S1  ^, 
Between  equals.  ^^jLJ\  ^j^,  Be- 
tween the  two  prayers.  (jwUl  ^, 
Among  men,  among  the  people.  ^^^ 
^  Jj ,  Between  his  hands,  ^l^  J^^  t3*^ 

^LImJj  il^'**}  ay  ittifak  kan  heinak  tea 
beinuhj  What  agreement  had  you  with  him  ? 

iXasT  ]a»ay\  OjJJ^  M^^  (»^ij  i:J*'*^^ 

UmIoc  \»^ji  cl^JJ,  And  Hassan  stood 

among  them  with  girded  waist,  waiting  upon 
them,  while  they  sported  and  amused  tiiem- 
selves,  rejoicing  exceedingly. 

c:^l:.L  hayyindtf  Evident  demonstrations. 

^^o  bayytnat,  An  evident  demonstration, 
positive  proof. 

UjmJ  haynamd,  In  the  mean  time,  whilst. 

J-^r^^  cT*  (^V^  t?j'  LT^  ^'^^ 

I^Jlc  L^yii^ ,  And  as  they  were  going 

about  through  the  different  apartments  of  the 
palace,  and  viewing  attentively  its  attractions 
and  places  of  diversion,  they  came  to  a  table 
upon  four  legs  of  alabaster,  whereon  was  in- 
scribed 


... 


CJ|^  huyHt  (pi.  of  vju^),  Houses. 

^^ jjj^  huyUnd^,  s.  t.  (used  in  Arahic), 
A  governor's  written  order. 


LZJ  ta,  The  third  letter  of  the  alphabet, 
expressing  400  in  arithmetic. 

^\j  tdhi^,  A  subject,  dependent,  fol- 
lower. 

^y^^  tdhi^H,  Followers. 

cijylj  tdhut,  A  coffin,  a  bier. 

j\j\j  tdt&r,  A  Tartar,  a  Scythian. 

y 'I?  taasiur,  Following,  tracing,  imitating,   ' 
following  close.  Being  affected,  grieved,  vexed.    | 

J)*\j  taoAr,   Penetration.     Making  an 

impression,  leaving  a  mark,  passing  through.   I 
Affecting,  producing  an  effect ;  an  affect 

CjLJ'Ij   taoArdt,   Impressions.      The  ' 
penetrating  influences  of  the  stars. 

^Iji  tdj,  A  crown,  a  diamond. 
^Ij  %ir,  A  merchant.   <^b  iX^j^ 

Jjcjc^  \yb,  And  he  passed  hy  the 

door  of  a  merchant,  the  ground  before  which 
was  swept  and  sprinkle^  and  there  ^e  air 
was  temperate. 

^'\j  taakh'khur,  Delay.  Being  re- 
tarded, postponed,  following,  or  being  followed, 
cominglate. 

>.*lj  taakhkhi,   Being  hrotherly,  be- 
having like  brothers. 

^*\j  taakhlr,  Delay,  procrastination, 

postponing,  impediment,  hindrance.  2b 

^^-£^.•17,  Without  delay. 

Ci^J'ljf  taaddub,  Instruction.    Being  in- 
structed (in  literature,  politeneaSy  etc.). 

j\j  ^J  u^^  ^^  cr*^^  *^*^^  V 

Were  it  not  for  his  accomplishments  and  admix 
able  faithfulness,  he  had  not  been  invested  irit] 
authority  in  the  abode  of  kings.  What  a 
excellent  ^uard  for  the  hareem  is  he !  On  ac 
count  of  his  beauty  the  angels  of  hearen  wa 
upon  him ! 

i.^J*lj  iaadlhf  Erudition,  inatmotioi 

•  •• 

Correction)  chastisement,  amendment. 

^  J'l7  taadiyat,  Causing  to  arriye,  senc 

ing,  despatching,  leading,  carrying.  Perforr 
ing  a  promise,  paying  a  debt. 


J-b 


(06) 


^ 


j]j  Air,  BetiEi&n  (lUb  for  fife). 

i^b  tint,  A  time,  a  ti»ii.    Onoe,  (me 

time.  SoBMtmieB.  i^lj  jm  ij\j,  Time 
afttttae^oABtiiiiei^freqpieiidy.  » 
vl/fl?  <ifi^  Leenng,  deeerting. 

^yU  tiritk,  A  bistorjy  ohronicle ;  a 

eiloifar,  8%  epoch,  the  date  of  a  letter  or 
0ve8l   To  ncoid  ia  history.     iJJtj 

^  OJL^;  («^l  u^f  By  the 
J^ulity !  0  TooO.  I  wQl  4e  t]Me  aa  ei^  oC 
■WW  for  which  I  ahall  be  remembered,  and 
*  tKnm  whkh  hirtoriaiw  ahafl  record  mm!  keep 
tothecadoftuML  Then  he  fat  and  eoATencd 
»itkiam.  [^ew. 

^;b  Muly  Freeh,  tender,  young,  green, 
t-t  <ai^,  The  ninUu    ^^^  j^Ult  jejj 

;|^,  The  ninth  day  of  the  month. 

LrQ  taoMMif,  Sighing,  grieving,  la- 


■odip^,   benoeniagy  gromixig,  regrettiiig, 
ina^  or  broodii^  orer  affliction.    A  agh. 


^  vhoi  her  eiitera  heard  her  wordf,  they- 
*9|  bj  reeeoD  of  the  lioleoce  of  their  lorrow 
far  him,  tad  ieid  to  her,  Yerily,  he  if  exciiaable. 


jJb 


sH*^^ 


:!  alj,«i*^1..  Then 


'J' 


|ieiiteed  a  bud  cry,  end  said:  Oh  myregret! 
^BjdiamQiittmeiit!  He  waa  Tcry  afflicted, 
wftraek  hand  upon  hand,  and  laid:  Oh  my 
tntf!   What  iat&a  affair? 

^'b  UuuU,   Poondation,   etahOily, 


^'^  tMitd,  Constitution.    Being  oon- 

Snud,  rtRDgthened.    Gonflrmation. 
'^'''J<«a%;  Union,  society,  friendship, 

^eqMtance.    Bmg  united,  avociated,  oon- 
»«H  joined,  fiunilurized. 

f^'^J  imkm,  Gfirf,  pain,  torment. 
J^  (dA,  Coneeqoent,  following. 
^  tf  ioe^  A  composition,  publioa- 


i%l7  <dflMi,  Bntire,  complete,  peifeot. 
fjA^\j  iaamfdf  Contemplation,  reflection, 

meditation*  Lac;  Ut^  \fj\s^  J^tj  J 

•^  v/?i -^  V^^  Li^  ^*^  ^ 
4iAAi  ciuaiiV.  A^  1JJJL&,  And  then 


he  examined  with  his  e^ea  the  wiitinff,  and  he 
fonnd  It  to  be  that  of  hie  daughter;  wnereiqpon 
he  went  to  her-  mofter,  weeping  Tielently,  to 
that  his  beard  was  watted. 

^'U  taamln,  Giving  a  feeling  of  con- 
fidence and  secority;  to  impart  Ml  confidence. 

ij*\3  taatmi,  D^j,  hesitation.     Slow- 

"nees.     Patience.     To  delay,  protract,  defer, 

hecitsta.    To  eo  ahmly,  deliberately,  or  ^ 

tiently  to  work.     To  condact  bnsineas  with 

care,  skill,  and  industry. 

mJ*\7  ta09^,  The  feminine  gender, 
iJ'l;  ^eonltf.  ICaking  ^miliar,  tame, 

domesticated.  Taking  a  human  body. 
Jj^Hj  taawil,  Explanation,  interpreta- 
tion. Putting  a  peculiar  meaning  or  construo- 
tion  on  wovds,  explaining  differently. 

u^^lj  iaahhitb,  Being  prepared,  ar- 
ranged. 

jX'l;  taahkuJ,  Taking  a  wife;  to  become 

a  married  man,  to  marry. 

c^l?  tOyh,  Being  penitent,  repenting. 

J^^l?  iaayidf  Corroboration,  confirma* 

tion,  increising  in  strength.    Assisting. 
C^l^'l;  taajfldat,  Assistances,  dime 

&TOUrB. 

J<^LJ  tabddul.  Changing,  transposing, 
transition,  conyersion,  alteration,  permutation. 

,---iUj  iahdshlr,  H^ppy  tidings,  agree- 
able intelligence,  gooid  news.  Chalk,  day, 
plaster,  mortar. 

S&ifj  iabd^ud,  Distance,  separation,  ab- 
sence, mutual  retiring  or  receding. 

jjjLJ  tahai/un,  Being  separate,  distinct 
from  one  another. 

J-^    iahfil,    Extolling,    magnifying. 

rendering  illustrious  or  noble,  honouring; 
treating  with  great  respect  [ments. 

'^^^j^yV  t<'J>jll^t^  Ceremonies,  compli- 

jk^  tabahhur,  Being  profoundly  learned. 

^\  ^  j^\j  ^j^\  ^^ 


,iSi\ 


i^JLU\ 


(66) 


Study  ii  my  oocupatioii,  and  to  leam  and  to 
initiato  myself  in  soienoei  if  my  exertion  and 
my  loTed  pnnmit.  All  my  itore  ooniiats  only 
in  words,  whose  mafic  power  I  wield  in  prose 
or  Terse,  to  frame  whatever  my  lipa  rehearse. 

js^  tabakhkhur,  PerAuning  one's  self. 
^>^j  W^ T*"^  ^^^— ^J  ^^^^  (^ 

}j»a^^  H-^^^U  S^o  then  arose, 

and  attired  herself  in  the  most  magnificent  of 
her  apparel,  and  havine  perfiimed  herself,  and 
dung  on  my  own  sword,  opened  the  doors  of 
the  palace,  and  went  ont.  [anything. 

tahkhir,  Diffusing  odour,  perfuming 

JJuj»  tabaddud,  Dispersion,  dispersed. 

J  Ju7  tahaddulf  A  change  of  any  kind. 

iZJij^J  tahadduldt,  Changes,  alterations. 

Jj  JuJ  tabdld,  Dispersion,  scattering. 

^Ju7  tahdl^,  Calling  one  ^Jcu^,  an 
innoYator  or  propagator  of  new  opinioni. 

JjiXJ    iahdll,     Change,     substitution, 

alteration,  transposition.  [ete.). 

LzJil^Xfj  .tabdlldt.  Changes  (in  ministry, 

jjuji  taHlr,  Dissipating,  spending  pro- 
digally, lafishing  away. 

j0j  tihr,  Oold  or  silver  just  from  the 
mine,  before  it  has  felt  the  fire  or  the  hammer. 
Fragments  or  particles  of  gold  or  glass;  shining 
substances  found  amongst  brass,  orichalc,  or 

other  minerals.   j0sl\Jij,  The  country 

of  gold  or  gold  dust,  that  part  of  Africa  called 
the  Gold  Coast. 

jjj  tabarrur.  Being  just,  pious,  worthy. 

^^^c^Jj  taharUtanf  A  province  of  Persia, 
the  ancient  Hyrcania. 

c  j^  tahwrru^f  An  act  of  donation,  or  of 

attaching  something  to  any  property  ' 
main,  without  an  intention  of  claindnj 
for  it. 

«J^  taharkuc,  Hiding  the  face  with  a 
veil  or  other  covering. 

cJ^  tabarruk,  Benediction,  congratula- 
tion, felicitation,  the  blessing  of  God.  Blessing, 
praising. 

jj^  iabridf  Cooling,  refreshing,  per- 
mitting to  grow  cold.  [innocent. 

jjjj  tubrir,   Justifying,  declaring   one 


in  mort- 
g  payment 


A    rr 


jj0j   iabrVtf   Congratulating.     Con- 
gratulation, flotation.  [exempt. 

^jfj  tabriyah^  Freeing,  making  free  or 
M.M^mJ    tttbauum,  A  smile,   a  simper. 

y^\  i^Xai  ^^j  L<^   J-^  i^\^n%\ 

•  s^Ut  ^Jlc  fj:^\^t  And  the  master  of 

the  house  smiled  and  said :  Enow  that  thy 
name  is  like  mine ;  but  1  desire  that  thou  lettest 
me  hear  the  yerses  that  thou  wast  reciting 
when  thou  wast  at  the  door. 

tahshlr,  Communicating  good  news. 

tabatbut,    Adulation,    flattery, 
blandiihment,  caressing,  cajoling. 

tdbauur,  Considering  with  atten- 
tion, contemplating,  understanding,  peroeiyiiig. 

yoOjJ  To  give  attention,  i^'^y^,  cuJl&i 

And  she  said :  O,  my  lord,  there  is  no  profit  in 
weeding.  The  right  opinion  is  tikis :  that  ire 
consider  (endeavour  attontiyely)  to  oootriTe  a 
plan  by  which  to  protect  thy  honour. 

JJa^  tabtll,  Abolishing,  annihilatiDg. 

^ji^iaJ  tabtin,  To  line  (a  coat). 

^J  iaha^,  Following,  attendance.  Being 

followed,  attended.   1 1  %  ir  ^  7 ^ 


JujJmiJI,  I  got  up  immediately,   and 

followed  her  until  she  had  left  the  palace,  and 
passed  through  the  streets  of  the  city,  and 
arrived  at  the  city  gates. 

^/aSuj  taba^^,  To  be  cut  in  pieces, 

divided  into  parts.  [obedience. 

i^juj    iab^f^at,    Following,    imitation, 

OuiwJ  tab^idf  To  remove,  to  cause  one 
to  go  farther  off.  [portiona. 

l/a^j^   tab-^d,   To  part,  divide   intc 
tabghld,  Bendering  odioos. 


u^ 


i£«-%»LJ  tabklty  Terrifying,  reproachiii^ 
rebuking,  repelling,  rejecting.     ^^V^^ 


r^ 


(67) 


Wr 


CfL*j  f^^  uJlc.  j,^^  |»|iC,  Now 

wheoera  great  penona^  of  eminence  and 
men  of  foitime  lued  to  many  me,  my  father 
w  woDt  to  iQenoe  and  repel  them,  and  to 
dedbie  their  adTuoea  and  their  presents. 

jS^  tdbtir,  Making  haste.  Doing  any- 
tUng  bdbre  the  ocdinfiry  time.  Setting  ont 
befen  (ky-tneak. 

^Jj  (M^f  Canaing  to  swalloWi  ponr- 

ing  down  the  throat. 

^Sj  Mlgk,  Sending  (letters,  compli- 
oati,  etc).    Causing  to  reach.     Informing. 

l>U\jiiL.J]  vl^  M\j\  U,,  For 

he  will  came  thy  oonntry  to  become  a  desert 
m  wfaieli  the  nrea  shall  croak.  Thus  I  hare 
delmfed  to  thee  the  message.    Peace  be  with 

thee!  jKjLI  ifj-».jj^»  <d  c-JUi 
^\,  ^yji  JJU^  >U.<  J,\jj'i 

Jbd  the  old  woman  said  nnto  him :  By  thy 
jooth,  I  most  risk  my  Ufe  for  thee,  and  enable 
thee  to  attain  thy  desire,  and  accomplish  for 
thee  that  which  is  in  thioe  heart 

JJLJ  tdbhly  Bathing,  making  very  wet. 
^  tihn,  Btraw. 

J^  taiimnlf  Adopting  or  calling  one 
'  itm. 

J^  iabuipfd.  The  act  of  easing  nature 
by  psKiDg  oiine,  to  make  water. 

<wv^  iabwlkf  Arranging  by  chapters, 

to  irrao^  in  chapters. 

^Lj  tahydn,  A  declaration.  Appearing 
<]istiii£t,  making  clear. 

ijo^  Uibyld,  Making  white.     ^j^\^ 

\J^\f  And  ordered  them  to  white- 

^k  that  palace,  and  to  decorate  it  with  various 
kindi  of  paintings. 

jw  tchyiln^  Declaration,   explanation, 
i^lfiitration.    Separation,  distinction. 

^w  totalm^  Continuation.   Being  un- 
jnterrvpted.  [Completion,  ending. 

immatf  An  appendix,  supplement. 
^  .       MwlM,  Completing,  satisfying^ 


ending.     i^^aj^\  (JJcls^^*'^  masht' 

hatak  atan  tammatf  Tonr  business  is  now 
completed. 

^yJ  tatttlj,  Crowning,  coronation. 

c:>ijJJ   ttuhit,  Eendering  firm,  fixed, 
stable. 

JifftAij  tofkll,   Overloading,   oppressing. 

CXJlc^^Ui^]!  Id  yasak  kiluna  ^ylaka, 
They  shall  not  molest  you  (oppress  yon). 

ci-^ji^  ^/i#,  Doing  anything  in  threes, 

tripling,    diyiding    into   three    eoual   parts, 
avowafof  belief  in  the  Trinity.    Tne  Tnnity. 

^jjff^iiJ  tatmin,  An  octagon.    Eight-fold. 
An  estimation  of  the  price. 

^U^  toiniyat,  The  dual  number.  Putting 
in  the  dual  number.    Making  two,  doubling. 

Marking  the  final  letter  b  with  two 

points,  if,  and  giving  it  the  sound  of  t 
instead  of  h.    Imputing,  ascribing.    Praising. 

c-^jlar  tajdzub,  Contending  together, 
pulling  one  another  about 

j\atr  tujfdr,  Merchants.     cUis»-l  (J^=^ 

jlsaJ\    mahal  ijtimd    ^ttujfdr,    The 
rendezvous  of  the  merchants,  the  exchange. 

.  Vflf^  S""^"/*  wflr^i  tujfdr,  A  commer- 
cial ship,    jl^l  ^^  khdn  uttujjdr^ 

A  commercial  building.    jl^tS^  j^ 
tuk  utttyjatj  The  bazaar  of  the  merchants. 

jlacT  ^UiM^  jam^yat  tujfdr,  A  meet- 
ing of  merchants  to  consider  or  discuss  any 

commercial    a£fair.      j^^^^    W^^^ 
majlU  uttiyjar.  The  court  of  commerce. 

(^j\af^  tajdfib,  Experiments,  proofs. 
iij\ssr  tijdrat,  Merchandise,  traffic,  trade, 

commerce. 
i^^laT  tujdrrl    (fem.  ^^las^  tufdrtat). 
Belonging  to  merchants  or  to  the  trade. 
Sj\s^\  (^/wls^  mqflis  attffdrah,  The 
court  of  commerce,    sjj  Usr  ejt  \j  ^y  U 

kaifun  namah  tt^riyaht  The  code  of  commerce. 

ir^l^lJl  [jtXss^  jio\j  ndzir  majlia  ulti- 
jarahj  The  president  of  the  court  of  commerce. 

^larc^«:;C«  maktuh  tujdrl,  A  com- 
mercial letter. 

j>^\ser  tajdiUTf  Boldness^  firmness. 


J«?  (68) 

^ ,  I  am  perplexed  respeotiDg 


his  case :  for  if  I  giye  orders  to  kill  bim,  it 
will  not  be  ri^ht ;  and  if  I  leate  him,  he  will 
increase  in  his  boldness.  Write  to  him  a 
letter,  rejoined  the  old  woman,  and  perhaps  he 
will  be  restrained. 

tii\efrtqfdhid,  Fighting  or  fenoisg,  strik- 
ing one  another  upon  the  shield. 

J^Wr  tafawuiLf  ExtravagaDoOi  insolenoe. 

An  offensive  and  defensive  treaty. 
^}jb\sfrU^ahult  Pretended  ignorance.   To 
feign  ignorance,  to  play  the  simpleton. 

l|li  UJj  Iflc  JtoWa  J^t  ^^ 

\Li^\  ^U  ^  yJoi^\>  The  old 

woman  began  to  affect  ignorance  to  her,  and 
proceeded  to  divert  her  with  talk  until  they 
both  approached  the  place  where  Taj  el  Malnk 
was  ooneealed. 


jfoer  iafahhur,  Pride,  hanghtineBs. 
JtXfisr  tafaddud,  Innovation,  noTeltj. 
JjiXaT  tqfild,  Benewing,  renewal. 
jl^asT  tqfdlr,   Being   attacked   by  the 


small-pox. 

Jl*Xssr  iajdif,  Being  nngratefhl  for  the 

blessings  of  God;  blaspheming  whilst  enjoying 
them.  [ment,  a  prooL 


^jOfT  tqfrthai,  Experience,  an  expezi- 

m 

Jjjsc^  tajridf  Separation.  Drawing,  un- 
sheathing (a  swoid).  Lopping  the  smaller 
branches  (leaving  the  trunk  naked). 

m 

^^JB^  iajtim^  Condemning  in  a  fine. 

a^  tafointd,  Incarnation,  incarnate* 

tafatnu,    Searching    carefully, 
examining,  exploring,  playing  the  spy. 

m        m 

JMsT  tajfa^-atd,  Being  curled  (locks  or 
beard).  [stem. 

tilexr  tqfalludf  Being  stubborn,  obstinate, 

j;Iar  tq/alluk,  Opening  the  mouth  wide 
(when  laughing). 

^'Sf*  tafalli,  An  apparition  with  splen- 


domTy  transfiguration,  lustre,  brishtnoso,  bril* 
Uam^.  Poliuiing,  making  sploimd,  adoning. 

Bendeiing  eyidenty    clear,    manifest 


^  L5- V  o' 


V 


v:i^j-i1y  And  warning  by  public  ex- 
amples has  been  dear  and  evident  for  thee, 
but  thou  wast  blind  to  it;  and  truth  demon* 
strated  to  thee,  but  thou  hast  controverted  it; 
and  death  suggested  to  thee,  but  thou  soughtest 
to  forget  it:  tnongh  it  was  in  thy  power  to  do 
good,  thou  hast  not  done  it. 

iqfM,  The  binding  up  of  a  book. 


tqfammu^,  Being  collected  care- 
fully.   Being  assembled  from  all  quarters. 

ijiisfr  tqfummul,  To  adorn  one's  self,  to 
make  one's  self  beautiful.    cL^^-^iA^els 


jjJL^\a^i^ 


U^JU  .Xii\ 


when  I  grew  up,  I  put  my  hand  upon  the 
whole  (of  the  property^ ;  ate  well  ana  drank 
well,  assooiatea  with  the  young,  made  myself 
beautiiul  by  wearing  handsome  apparel,  and 
walked  with  my  friends  and  companions. 

CijLisf::*  tafammuktt,  MoTables,  house- 
hold Aimiture.  A  collection  of  whatever  tends 
to  comfort^  convenience,  or  luxury, 

m 

tafmldf  Congealing. 

tqfml^,  Ooileoting,  assembling. 

tqfmll,  Adorning,  embellishing, 
beautifying,  executing  properly. 

L-  '^v^  tafanntih,  Betiring,  declining, 
being  absent. 

,^^:^%(9nnf.  Accusing  falsely.  Seeking 
**  a  pretext  to  injure  another.  [Mer. 

tqfnU,  Laying^  a  corpse  upon  a 

tqfnU,  Equivocation.     Besem- 
blance. 

clasT   tajamou^.    Starving  one's    self, 

bearing  hunger  voluntarily,  abstaining  pur* 
posely  from  rood. 

jl^  tafwU,  Permission.    Approbation. 

'  ta^l^  Starving  one  to  death. 


(69) 


ubyir*   fgftafi    Hollowiiig»    making 

PODCftTB. 

J<ff*  UjtS^  Amngiog,  adorning.  To 
tuaetnanny.    ^^  AjJjJ  «_>\jj1^\j 

Aad  he  odered  his  miniflten  of  state  to  pre- 
ptn  (kemielTeB  for  tiie  jomney,  and  to  ^t 
mdf  hit  luggage,  ana  ererything  which 
in^ht  be  nqpired  in  such  a  drcomstanoe;  and 
MBoidiBi^y  thej  oommenoed  tike  prepantionB. 

\j^  tt^if^yuah,  Being  collected,  em- 
bodied (an  anay).  Being  greatly  agitated  (in 
aifld). 

OjIs^  Uthddus,  Gonversingy  telling 
stories,  relating.  ^Is.  WL^  \j\j  Lei* 

And  vhen  fliey  aaw  Saleh  in  this  state,  they 
Hid  to  faim.  What  is  the  nem  ?  He  therefore 
told  them  his  story.  And  it  was  his  mother 
vho  had  sent  them  to  his  assistance. 

V^U^  tahdimhy  Fighting  together. 

XilaT  ta^dtudf  Snrying  one  another. 

^^  tahdthl,  Witbdrawingi  abstain- 
'ing  from;  to  keep  one's  self  dear  o^  to  ayoid. 

|i^W?  Ukdkum,    Going  together  to  a 
JQ^ge.    Power,  dominion. 

w^lo^  tahdUtff    Conspiring   together, 
eoteringioto  an  alliance,  forming  a  confederacy. 

jj^  tahdumr^  Carrying  on  a  dialogue. 
ih-u1fl^  UkUyfy  Barities,  elegant  presents. 

\jr^  tahahhu.  Imprisoning,  confining, 

Mtrttmng.^  Being  imprisoned,  confined,  re- 
one's  self. 


taU,  Under,  below.  4Ji]i!!c:. 

Bekw  the  caaOe.      i\  ijibyr  i-::^J^ 

^^•Jo\o\jjJ\  ij\i  J3]ji  jjj  CJ1^\ 

f^^\  JJ^j  jtb^  OyJi\    f\jui\  VJU^ 

l»L.:jIf  ^Jus ,  And  Joharah  looked  at 

^  bng,  ad  saw  ham  to  he  Uke  the  ftill  moon 
^te  it  makes  its  appearance  from  behmd  the 
bis^  donds^  of  elegant  staiore,  comely  in  his 

■^  ^y  u/ tr*  «-*^^  *jJ  ^'j 


l^  hsjiS  J(«&|i  U«U  dU^Jj  f![J^\  Ui 


i^\ 


!  were  it 


yj  \,ii^.<^    ^,  By  Gk)d 

not  tiiat  I  fear  on  acconnt  of  my  father  heing 
a  captive  with  his  uncle,  I  had  slain  him. 
May  God  recompense  him  ill ;  for  how  nn- 
fortnnate  was  his  coming  nnto  ns,  all  this 
difltorhance  haying  been  effected  on  his  account. 

(Jl:;^^  tahtdnl^  The  inferior,  the  lower 
**part. 

jsr^  tahajjUTt  Petrifying,  becoming  hard 
as  stone.  Being  heaty,  severe.  Being  straight, 
dose.    Bdng  strong. 

(J'i^sr^  tahjtl,  Having  the  feet  white  (a 
horse)  ;  also  making  them  white  by  art 

Jjj^a^  UMtld,  Describing  or  prescribing 
limitB.    Defining  logically. 

jiiat^  toMr,  Threatening,  patting  in 
fear.    Admonishing,  cautioning,  prohibiting. 

(jMjs^taharrut,  Taking  care  of  one's  self. 

i^Jjo^  taharruf,  Being  changed,  inverted. 
Declining,  taming  from. 

taharruk,  Being  burnt.    Being  in- 
flamed with  rage.  <»^lJ  ,J^p^  Jj 

•  ilii^^Uc  J^lli*^i lit  Jjlj 


^LSijl:.^* 


•r        * 


J-Jl  ^y^^\  . 


*  c|yA4J '  k^^»JL4\  J<m  ♦  Uj  ,  Fortune 

has  compassionated' my  case,  and  felt  for  the 
length  or  my  torment  and  bundng,  and  granted 
me  what  I  desired,  and  remoyed  that  which  I 
dreaded.  I  will  therefore  forgire  her  the 
offences  she  has  committed  in  former  times, 
eyen  the  injtBtice  she  has  shown  in  turning 
my  hair  grey. 


taharruk,  Moving  (xntrans.). 

y^^arto^r.  Writing  accurately.  Manu- 
mission.   Letter* 

\jija^  tahriran,  Written,  dated,  given. 

^joljss^  tahrtd,    Instigating,    exciting, 

proyoking.  [latiyea. 

c:j\^ja^  tahf^ddt,  Provocations,  stimu- 

iahrif,    Changing,    inverting, 

transposing  (letters).  Changing  the  sense  of 
any  writing  by  slight  literal  or  yerbal  altera- 
tions ;  tampering  with  writings.  An  anagram. 

ll^\aj^  tahrifdty  Changes.  Anagrams. 

CJ^jO^  tahirlkf  Causing  to  move.     A 
oommotion,  moTemenU 


(70) 


r^ 


•i/^  loiriMy  Piolnbitiiigy  interdictiiig. 
Rendering  TeneraUe  or  acred. 

mi         m 

t   t'^^r^  idkaonib*  Beuut  anembled  tn- 
anltnoiiily. 

^JaT  iaAsiM)  Making  aontywfbL 

to^MMr,  Condolence^  r^rettingy 
Lamenting  niih  deqiur. 

^otoii.  Approbation,  applaoae. 


C,':: 


(oAtAiyoi^  Trimnung  the  edge  of 
a  garment  with  fringei,  iMe,  etc  Making 
marginal  notes  to  a  book.  Making  a  border 
or  margin. 

tuhmumn^  Betiring  to  a  fortress. 


Defending  one's  aelf.  ^bt^jAcf  J^U 

jjju  ,Jlc  i»lb]l,  If  I  employ  not  some 

stratagem  with  him,  whereby  to  defend  myself 
ftt>m  him,  he  will  gain  poeseoion  of  me,  and 
attain  his  desire ;  ror  he  is  in  lore ;  and  tiie 
lover,  whateTer  he  does,  is  not  to  be  blamed 
for  it.  -   {tion. 


takal^  Collection,  gain,  acquisi- 

tahsin,    Fortifying,  defending, 

sorronnding  with  a  wall. 

j^has^  tahattum,  Being  broken. 
uJfi^  tuhaf,  Presents,  yalnable  gifts. 

••  sv 

^Jta^   tuhfat,   A  present.      Excellent, 
rare  thing,  worthy  of  being  presented. 

]aia^  iahaffia,  Being  vigilant,  cautions, 
guaiding. 

fjAs^  tahakkukj    To  know  positively, 
witiiont  any  doabt,  to  be  sore  of,  to  be  assured 

that  .  .  .      4^;-f^JL*J  u^l  L^  I^UJ 

sl<\i\  Ua-^r*  ^yu^  U JCj:  u-^Jf:^ 
jf)^  ^JL^j^ ,  And  then  they  said  to 


her :  Thou  knowest  the  hieh  place  which  thou 
hast  in  our  estimation,  anoart  acquainted  with 
our  affection  for  thee,  and  thou  art  assured 
that  thou  art  the  dearest  of  all  persons  to  us, 
and  art  certain  that  we  desire  for  thee  comfort 
without  trouble  or  toil. 

UMUr,  Treating  with  contempt 
and  insult.    To  contemn  and  insult. 


If^toT  tokMnmj  Contemptaonsly. 

fjJ^  iM^  Tmth,  certainty.     Pro- 

ftssion,  acknowledgment.   Makxngright,  inst 
tma;  inyestigating  the  tntlu     To  connrm 

attest,  profess.      ^^nJi  ^\  CJi  (Jas>^\ 

Jc2d^j^\  \^  ^,  akMik  lakannoh 

UUfi  ktaS  *l-^nmr  kkatar,  I  assure  yoa  there 

is  no  danger  in  this  matter.  JJbp^  ^ 

Verily,  indifference  to  the  world  is  the  most 
appn^priate  and  the  most  sure  course. 

Ujjgr*  idkklhmf  Certainly,  verily. 
fJlJfKkJLs^  takkUOLt,  Tmths,  certainties. 
A^ocT  tdhakkum^  An  excessive  or  anwar- 
rantable  assumption  of  authority.  )t^ 


u 


Z^\j\^\ 


]3J 


•  1 


^^•i/t,  I  will  endure  with  patience, 

(J  my  lord,  what  thou  hast  ovdered :  I  will  be 
patient,  if  bv  doing  so  I  may  obtain  thy  bless- 
ing. They  haTe  tyranniied  over  us,  and  op- 
pressed us,  and  acted  unjustly  towards  ub: 
mayest  thou,  in  thy  loring-kindness,  foigive 
our  past  transgressions. 

aUhT  UihaUum,    Being   pati^it,    mild, 
*  gentle.    Becoming  fht  andompulent  (a  child). 

i^^ssT  fahaUl,  Adorning  with  bracelets 


and  other  female  ornaments. 


ii^  ^ 


i.SAst^  kMif,  Exacting  an  oath. 


..WS«  ^.4jLU,  i^L^\j\^\^  ii^^\ 


xOjo,  Then  the  king  summoned  the 
wezeer,  and  the  princes,  and  the  lords  of  the 
empire,  and  the  great  men  of  the  kingdom, 
and  made  them  swear  by  a  binding  oath  that 
tbey  would  make  his  son  king  oTer  them  after 
him. 

JJior  tahM,  Making  lawftil.  Marrying 

a  thrioe-dirorced  woman  (beyond  that  it  is 
unlawful). 

^jAa:^tdhammulf  Patience,  long-sufferii^g. 

iSi^^ecr  tahmll,  A  load.      Imposing    a 
burthen. 


Ur 


(71) 


^jo^  Ukmmoij  Affeetioo,  love,  pity. 

)^^»ar  UkM,  Burying  (dead)  vith 
odomt. 

J^  idkMDwid^  BeiDg  changed^  oon- 

nrtad.   MoTing  from  pUoe. 

L^  Uhoit^  Sanounding  with  a  fence. 
GoiBf  noad.    ReTolnng. 

Jj^  taAwi/,  Change,  renovation,  re- 

tsm,  the  chinge  of  the  moon.    To  change, 
tan,  Rtani,  reToWe. 

cJlifCtahwildi,  BoTolutions,  etc. 

oCar  UJaydt^  Salntations,  etc.  (pi.  of 
^^ac*  tah\yat\  A  salutation,  compli- 
ment, congratulation,  prayer,  henedic- 
don.     i,t^\  jju,  After  compliments. 

ijy  «^\J  ^\jil\  MyU,  vV^^«^W 
JU^t  ^y^  UuS  L=JU  JL.pi 
jbL^j  ^LCJl  ^^^  a^l^b  IfjW 

/*1LJI^  czjLfdJf,  0  my  nurse,  what 

is  the  remedy  for  derire  ?  lU  remedy,  an- 
svered  the,  u  an  interriew.  An4  how  can 
tbtt  he  ohiained  ?  asked  she.  And  the  other 
replied.  By  correspondence,  and  ffentle  words, 
■sal  by  many  compliments  aoa  salutations. 


«U«^  ^^,  And  when  she  came  into 

bis  pnsenoef  she  kissed  his  hands,  oompU- 
mettted  him  with  the  most  conrteons  words, 
>ad  gaTe  him  the  pAper,  and  he  read  it  and 

oadoitood  its  meaning. 

■    ■ 

«x*<aA«jfyiir,  Astonishment,  amazement. 
To  sstoaish,  to  snrprise,  to  confound  the  mind. 

^jk^^J^9  How  often  have  I  en- 

dored  &tigne  and  toil  in  my  early  years !  I 
bsve  pemmed  aeren  Toyages,  and  eaoh  Toyi^ 
bsi  a  wooderfhl  tale  that  would  confound  the 
na^  and  aU  that  (happened)  by  fate  and 
May,  and  from  that  which  is  written  there 
is  BO  escape  nor  flight 

c^^  takhdMt  DeoeiTi]^  each  other. 


fC>\a^takh&iu^  Mutual  deception. 

A«tflar^  iakhdium,  Altercating,  being  at 

Tariance. 
i^\ti^takhdluf,  Opposing,  beingopposed. 

^UaC^  takhdnah,  Thickness,  coarseness. 

m 

takhblr,  Giving  information,  ad- 
vising, imparting,  communicating,  certifying. 

TeUing.    ^^  IXp-  ^J^  iju^iy  UU 

is\Ji\  ndJb  _3  vlC«i^i^,  And  when 

I  had  finished  my  tale,  I  said :  I  entreat  thee 
by  God,  0  my  master,  that  thou  be  not  dis- 
pleased with  me :  I  have  acquainted  thee  with 
the  truth  of  my  case,  and  of  what  has  hap- 
pened to  me,  and  I  desire  of  thee  that  thou 
inform  me  who  thou  art,  and  what  is  the 
cause  of  thy  staying  in  this  chamber. 

z^'^aer  takht,  A  royal  throne,  a  chair  of 

state,  a  seat,  a  sofa,  a  bed,  or  an3r  piece  raised 
aboTC  the  ground  for  sleeping,  sitting,  or  re- 
clining.    The  capital,  the  royal  residence. 

^]^  vji^^a^,  A  travelling-bed,  a  litter. 

m 

takhtlm,  Sealing  welL 

takhjil,  Causing  to  blush.     ^ 

cT*  J^  (^5^J  V^!^  l/**^^  ^J^ 

When  she  looketh  aside,  she  putteth  to  shame 
the  wild  cows  and  the  gazelles ;  and  when  she 
walketh  with  a  yacillating  gait,  the  willow- 
branch  is  enyious;  and  when  she  displayeth 
her  countenance,  she  confoundeth  the  sun  and 
the  moon,  and  captiTateth  eyery  beholder: 
she  is  sweet-lipped,  and  tender  in  disposition. 

^^J^flkr  iakhdlthj  Grating,  scratching, 
excoriating.  To  grate,  graze,  scratch,  excoriate. 

Jj«X5^  takkal,  Despising.     Bendering 

despicable,  disgracing. 
jJaT  takharrukf   Being  torn,   pierced 

full  of  holes.    luTentiog  a  lie. 
o3^  iakhrib,  Devastation,destruotion. 

takhry\  Instructing  in  learning 
'and  politeness. 


J*? 


(72) 


A.  •, 


tMuihkkiuhf  Soimdingy  nut- 
ling  (as  armi,  papers,  silks,  dij  laayes,  -eto.), 

^/uatT  iakhoihihu^,    Hnmbliog    jMne's 
sel(  beoomiDg  or  being  humble. 

^jMijss^^takhashshun,  Becoming  rough  (in 
habit,  fiuse,  ooayenation,  or  mode  of  life). 

^^jiAdir^AfAfii,  Exasperating.  Making 
itnigh  or  thick. 

fjo^toar  ial^U,  Appropriating,  retain- 
ing, reserving  ibr  one's  self.    Determining. 

«^«aair^A4K2f^^,Beinghambled,hamble, 
sabdned.  [rerdant 


iaihdlrf  Tiffalring  green.     Being 
taihatiuf,  Seizing,  oaxrying  off. 

^Ja^  taihaUl,  Tranagreasing,   having 

gone  beyond  bonnds.  Erring,  blnndering, 
offending  slightly.  Inmnting  a  fianlt  to 
another,  and  reproaching  him  for  it. 

)aJba^takhtlif  Writing,  painting.  Order- 
ing one  to  write,  or  to  draw  straight  lines. 
Wearing  or  marking  elotii  with  stripes.  Draw- 
ing linea.  ♦^^Jui  kW;.  [^  y<i^  lJ^ 

*  ^r^'  i:)^^  ^^9  utr^^  r^*-» 

Inanire  of  my  letter  what  my  pen  has  written, 
ana  the  chaiactefs  will  acquaint  thee  with  my 
transport,  and  angoish,  and  sufferings.  My 
hand -is  tracing  the  letters  while  my  tears  axe 
flowing,  and  my  longing  complaineth  of  my 
Bofferings  to  the  paper:  my  tesn  cease  not 
pouring  u^n  the  paper ;  should  thcT  stop  out 
of  exhaustion,  tears  of  blood  will  replace  them. 


takhfiff  ICaking  Ugbty  raising, 
lifting  up. 


takhaOu^,  Being  disjointed^  Bepa- 
rated,  scattered,  dispersed,  dissoWed. 

v^iLacr  talehalhif,  Bemainiag  bdii&di  re- 
tiring. 

^JloT  iaiUlh,   Setiring,   abandoning, 

**  leaving  empty  or  alone. 

JLlor  iaJMiyait  Yacating,  leaving  empty. 
To  let.  u^t  ^^J^fito^Avil  oi^ 
Let  me  write,   jaii  UU..  thaUmA 


nmrnmr,  Let  oa  aee.    CS^\  Jar  J ' 

|J^t J^b,  ta  UMM  «fMi  ytktm  mi  \ 
AmImn,  Don't  let  your  son  take  the  pen. 

JulfiSr  ^ffiWIJ,Uakingperpetaal,  etemal, 

immortal.  i 

^^foAa^iaiUiiB,  Making,  or  being  made, 

free  and  exempt  from  any  impurity,  in,  or 
defeet    To  sare. 

^Aa^McUitf  Mixing,  eonfbanding,  dia-  ' 
tnrbing,  peiplexing  any  business. 

iaJMUf  B^mo^ring,  drawing  from. 

iakhltf,  Appointing  a  aabatitate. 
Learing  behind. 

iaiUiffah,  An  emptying,  evacoa- 
tion.    To  empty,  to  eracuate. 

iukhnuA,  Cormption  of  meat  in  the 
stomach.    Indigestioii. 

iakkuimiUr,    YeOing   one's   self. 

Wearing  a  Tcil. 

UMnOtf  Oanaing  wine,  etc,  to 

ferment    Fermenting  of  the  materials  for 
^ugh  or  other  compounds. 

takhmUf    Dividing    into    five 

Making  a  pentagon,  or  anything  of 
▼e  angles. 

takkmln,  Conjectore,  opinion. 
Kstimating,  judging,  valuing. 

\'nf4^ssr  iaihmfmtn,   By  oonjectnre   or 
guess,  nearly,  about,  more  or  less. 

Js^  *M^  Strangling. 

/^ykr  tukkom^  Limita,  bonndariea. 

*  ^  taih^f.  Terrifying,  threatening. 


Jj^or  ialdMil,  Giving  poaaeeriony  grant- 
ing a  request,  giring  one  a  preference  to  cithers. 

^ySsT  takht^n,  A<»nBing  6i  treachery. 
JmaT  iMayyulf   Imagination^   Ibacy. 

Supposing,  judginff  (with  doubt).    Thinking 
taimy  of  one's  sell    To  imagine,  to  suppoae. 

\3^f  jrfj  J*Br)  Vr*  ****  ^^ 

^  ^j ,  Know,  0  illiutrionB  prince 


tjj 


(73) 


?  .  •• 


that  tidf  dinsel  is  a  body  tkniiilly  embalmed, 
ind  her  ejei  have  been  taken  out  after 
teh,  and  qmdoaver  has  been  pat  beneath 
thflo,  after  whieh  they  hare  been  restored  to 
their  pbees;  so  flie}r  gleam;  and  whenever 
Ac  ijr  potteth  them  in  motion,  the  beholder 
irnipd  that  she  twinkles  her  eyes,  though 
ihevdeid. 

^"Ca^  fa£UgryM^  Imaginations. 
^r'^i^  tdkfihf  Depriving  (of  hope). 
Di«9)pointmg.   d^ljj  J\  di  JUi 


^Jurli*  ^UjU  CXJiii  ^1,  And  he 

■id  to  hiffl :  Verily  I  have  come  to  diee  as  a 
■^niige  suitor,  desiring  the  nniqne  pearl  and 
ue  Rest  queen,  the  jewel  of  the  age,  the 
uogater  of  oor  most  graoefnl  lord  and  master 
ftt  kiair  of  the  age,  and  the  sultan  of  the 
hiM!  Dissppoittt  not,  0  great  king,  him  who 
'Fpiuth  to  diee.     May  God  irrant  thee 


the 


*^0^Bphahnient  of  all  thy  wishes  and  deeireB ! 
i^ti^r^  Choice,  election. 

^^^iM^l^  Fancying,  imagining  (yet 

viiliMit  doubt).    Fonnixig  a  jud^ent  from 
phTsognomy.  Suspicion.  Threatening  thunder 

or  run  (clouds). 

j»-?^  <a%fM,  Pitching  a  tent  and 
rug  into  il  Covering  with  anything  (for 
•We).  ^  ^    [aSviier. 

fi\^  taddlar  (pi.  of^  JJ),  Begnlations, 

Ja.U  Mdikul,  Penetrating  or  heing 
'  rec^roeally.    Occurring  gradually. 


^W  Uddrtikt  Preparation,  provision, 
pxBentiott.    Comprehending. 

o)«^}  taddfu^^  Thrusting  one  another 

^^^  Bepelling,  repulsing,  resistaace. 

^>xli  ^jL%>^    mumkin  al  tadafu^ 

^<«stibl6.     ^Ijoll  Lj\L.\  imUni' 

Ht  Ml  tidafiii,  BeeiatibtUty,  [nately. 

JjidJ  Uddwid,  Doing  anything  alter- 

^jW  Msipi,  The  treatment  of  disease 

vitbmedidne.   J^l  ^  U--. ^\  ^ej 


^UjJ^  ^>LLm«i  Avicenna  has  pre- 
tended that  the  lover's  remedy  consists  in 
melodious  sounds,  and  the  company  of  one 
like  his  beloved,  and  the  pleasure  of  a  dessert 
and  wine  and  a  garden;  but  I  have  taken 
another  in  thy  stoMl  to  cure  myself^  and  fate 
and  contingency  aided  me.  Tet  I  found  that 
love  was  a  mortal  disease,  for  whioh  Avioenna*s 
medicine  was  pure  nonsense. 

jjS)    tadabhir,  Meditation,   eonjeoture. 

deliberating.  [lime. 

j;JjJ  iadabhuk,  Being  taken  with  bird- 

jfjS)  tadhir,  Eegulation.    Deliberation, 
counsel,  advice,  opinion,  foresight,  intention, 

design.  iLwL«A^\  cJ«d3  ^  JcJI,  attad- 
btr  nitfid  ma^thdh^  Good  management  is  the 

half  of  a  Hvelihood.  <dl\  ^  i^Ui 
40;!!,  lis  ^^X^  ^  ^  Jljl^  ^^\ 

JJj  ij\  ail^^  iioJ^\  JJU:J\  *JJh  ^ 

j0jds!i\^  f^AsiS,   And  she  said  :  May 

Ood  cut  off  my  father,  and  deprive  him  of  his 
kingdom,  and  not  comfort  his  heart,  nor  re- 
store him  from  estangement,  if  he  desire  a 
person  more  comely  than  thou,  and  aught  more 
comely  than  these  charming  endowments!  On 
my  word,  he  is  of  little  sense  and  judgment. 

i2j\  ^  JJ  tadHrdt,  Begalations.  Opinions 

j;«ijj  tadblk,  Kubhing  with  bird-lime 
and  catching  a  bird.  [revolved. 

rrj^*^  tadahruf\  The  being  turned  or 

^^  Jj  tadaikkhun,  Being  troubled  with 

smoke. 

•.JjJ   taddarruff  Being  promoted,  ad- 

*  vanced,  ascending  step  by  step.    Proceeding, 
advancing. 

k^j jj  tadrih,  Exercising,  habituating. 

Patience  in  war.    Firmness  in  retreat. 
^jjJ  tadrij.  Advancing  by  degrees. 

^{efTjSi  tadrljan,  By  degrees,  slowly, 

softly,  step  by  step.  [educated. 

^^  •  jj  UidrUf  Giving  lectures.     Being 

^Jj  tadft^   Thrusting^  driving,  re- 


1 


(74) 


JoJ 


pelling.  Benderingpoor,  contemptible.  De- 
eerving  to  be  ipumea  Bepalnng,  expeUing, 
robduing. 

JUi  JJ  iad/ik,  Pouring  ont  properly. 

(Ji^Si    iadMht   Making   thin,   Blender, 

fine.  Birainiflbing.  Coneidering  minntelj, 
■crntinizing ;  minntenen,  rabtiltj. 

ij]jj  tadallul,  Toying,  fondling,  caress- 

in^.  Blandiflbing.  Pretending  anger  or  die- 
darn  (like  loTers).    Cajoling. 

JJSttadlll,  Wheedling,  toying  as  lovers. 

j^Si  tadmlr,  Bnining,  destroying,  de- 
struction. 

*^JJ  Tadmur,  Palmyra.  Palm3rra,  situ- 
ated three  dayi*  jonmey  from  the  Eupbraten, 
waa  indebted  for  its  wealth  and  splendour  to 
the  advantage  of  its  position  on  one  of  the 
neat  roads,  oy  which  the  Taluable  commerce 
Siat  has  at  all  times  snheisted  between  India 
and  Europe,  was  then  carried  on.  Palmyra 
was  at  all  times  a  natural  emporium  for  the 
merchandize  coming  from  India  oy  the  Ferrian 
Gulf,  which,  frt>m  thence  by  way  of  the 
Euphrates  or  the  Desert,  was  conyeyed  into 
FhoBnicia  and  Asia  Minor,  to  diffuse  its  rarious 
luxuries  among  the  nations  with  whom  they 
were  always  in  great  request.  Such  commerce 
must  necessarily,  in  the  most  early  ages,  haye 
caused  this  spot  to  be  inhabited,  and  rendered 
it  a  place  of  importance.  Prior  to  the  days 
of  Moses,  the  journeys  of  Abraham  and  Jacob, 
from  Mesopotamia  into  Syria,  sufficiently  proye 
a  frequent  communication  between  these 
countries,  which  must  soon  haye  made  Palmyra 
flourish.  The  cinnamon  and  pearls  mentioned 
in  the  time  of  Moses,  demonstrate  a  trade 
with  India  and  the  Persian  Oulf,  which  was 
carried  on  by  the  Euphrates  and  Palmyra. 
This  commerce  extended  itself  to  India,  and 
the  Persian  Gulf  was  the  principal  point  of 
union.  Odenatus  and  Zenobia  carried  the 
prosperity  of  Palmyra  to  its  greatest  height ; 
out  oy  attempting  to  exceed  its  natural  limits, 
they  at  once  destroyed  the  equilibrium,  and 
Palmyra,  stripped  by  Anrelian  of  the  power 
she  had  acquired  in  Syria,  was  besieged,  taken, 
and  rayaged  by  that  Emperor,  and  lost  her 
liberty  and  security,  which  were  the  principal 
sources  of  her  grandeur.  Though  Palmyra 
is  situated  at  a  great  distance  from  the 
Euphrates,  if  the  Syro-Mesopotamian  Bailway 
become  a  reality,  in  a  few  years  she  will  be, 
as  she  formerly  was,  the  Queen  of  the  Desert, 
and  in  a  short  time  will  be  connected,  by  a 
branch,  to  the  main  railway.  The  entire  yiew 
of  the  ruins  of  Palmyra,  when  seen  at  a 
distance,  is  infinitely  more  striking  than  those 
of  Balbec;  but  there  is  not  any  one  spot  so 
imposing  as  the  interior  yiew  of  the  Temple  of 
Balbec.  The  Temple  of  the  Sun  at  Tadmur 
is  u^n  a  grander  scale  than  that  of  Balbec,  . 
but  it  is  choked  with  Arab  houses,  which  admit 
only  a  new  of  the  buildings  in  detail.    The 


architecture  of  Balbeo  is  richer  than  that  of 
Tadmur.  i 

^Jj  tadml^  Weeping,  lamenting. 

^^Sitadanmu,  Becoming  contaminated, , 
dirtied.  [faning. 

^^M^jJ  tadnU,  Staining,  defiling,  pro* 

^^Jj  iadwlr,  Snrronnding,  canring  to 
turn  in  a  circle.    Making  round.    BeTolTing. 

^j  jj  iadwlnf  Collecting  into  a  volame. 
fj^*^  tadhlnf  Anointing,  besmearing. 

^jJ  ladayyun,  Borrowing,  getting  into 
debt    Being  tenacious  of  one's  religion. 

^IjJ  tmdkur,  Mntnal  remembrance. 
Being  remembered. 

c^jj  jJ  teoistt^.  Palpitation,  agitation. 
Uncertainty,  doubt^  suspension  of  judgmeni. 

^l^ jj  toMkdr,  Eecalling  to  memory  by 
name.    Commemoration. 

i  JJ  tatakkurf  Bemembrance,  commemo- 
ration. To  reflect,  to  remember.  ^) 

^U-  ^^^,   And  he  bad  a  hundred 

concubines;  but  he  had  not  been  blest, 
during  his  whole  life,  with  a  male  or  female 
child  by  any  of  them,  and  he  reflected 
upon  this  and  began  to  lament  his  own  state. 


JU\  C^6  4j^\  ^  eu^  3  jJ 


I  then  arose,  and  found  not  a  human  being  it 
the  place  nor  a  Sinnee,  the  yessel  had  eoo 
with  the  passengers,  and  not  one  of  tnei 
remembered  me,  neither  any  of  the  merchant 
nor  any  of  the  sailors ;  ao  they  left  me  in  tb 
inland. 

i^jj  toMkaratf  A  memoir.      A  billel 
schedule,  obligation.    Handwriting. 

j^ij  toMklr,  Commemoration,  reducin 
to  memory.    To  put  in  the  masooline  gends 

jSjJ    Imtattul,    Submission,    hnmilit] 
tameness.  Becoming  a  supplicant.  Abasemes 

abjection.     S^j  Ji  s^y-r^  iJ*-^  «^ 


^)fS 


Juu 


V^ 


^oVjj* 


t<*^^ 


V- 


(75) 


r^y 


•iM 


ilM 


^^ 


7I 


J!3c!1  Ji^ ,  My  patience  has  fiBdled, 

ind  07  diiqmetnde  iff  excesaiTe,  immeiue  ia 
mj  mbtt  mice  roar  abflenoe,  and  I  became 
mm  aad  iiiTalid !  I  take  God  to  witneaa, 
tbt  joor  separation  made  me  lose  mj  patience  I 
And  bow  eoold  I  hare  patience  to  endure  the 
lov  of  the  object  of  my  hope !  After  the  loea 
of  mj  beloTeo,  bow  conld  1  delight  in  aleep  P 
And  vho  ii  be  that  oan  find  plearare  and 
deligbt  in  a  life  of  abaaement  P 

JJjj  toMj  Abaflementy  depreeaion. 

c^^  JJ  tatwih.  Melting,  dissolying. 

jj^Ju  tm»ir  {fatji^f  which  is  correct), 
Fnod,  deceit;  adulteration. 

w^  jj  toMb,  Gilding ;  to  gild. 
J^oJ  ^yi/,  Adding  a  supplement  or 

tppeodix. 
Vy  imrdh,  Earth,  dust      S-^J/^'i 
Name  of  the   KhaUf  AU.      ^\p 
LXlLfll,  Arsenic.  ^]Ji!^  ^*'-°^'-  ■ 
^Li  i^sJLii  ^.^.JLiS^  Jilt  J  ^\i\^ 

And  I  cleared  away  the  earth  from  it,  and 
foond  tbat  it  waa  affixed  to  a  trap-door  of 
«ood,wbicb  I  remoTed.  Beneath  it  appeared 
1  stiireaie,  which  I  deaoended. 

jj'y  Uralu,  Earthly,  earthen,  earthy. 

j^\j  iardkhl^  Proceeding  slowly,  be- 
ttooDg  remiaBf  negligent,  indolent. 

J-»y  ^ordMi/,  Sending  reciprocal  advice. 

^y  iorddl,  Mntoal  satisfaction,  ac- 

'<ini«wnce. 

^y  tardfit^  Beferring  anything  to  a 

JQdg«  by  motaal  agreement 
Jjy  tardfuk.  Travelling  in  company. 

c^y  Unrdiudf  Bnnning  together,  to- 

f*y  tardhm^   Being   compact,    com* 

P««ed,  heaped  together.  A  crowd,  throng, 
I**  [tiona. 

V^y  (flrdJH^,  Compounds,  composi- 
^y  tflrdsii,  Darting,  throwing  at  one 


another.  Throwing  one'a  aelf  down,  raahing 
forward. 

f^^JS  tardwih^  s.  pi.  (sing,  not  used), 

The  long  prayers  or  litaniea  peculiar  to  the 
Nights  of  Kamadan.  The  literal  meaning  is 
Bmeations. 

L^Jj  turab  (pL  of  ^JS),  Bnrying-plaoes, 
cemeteries,  grayes*    t<  Juu  *Jb|y  ^y 

\^JJ  ^ji\  C^U\  JU.  |/-i  \y^ 

1^1^^  i&j^  ijo^^^iLuuJ  f^^l>.j.  Here 

was  a  people  whom,  after  their  doings,  thon 
sbalt    see   wept   oyer  their   lost  dominion. 


And  in  this  palace  is  the  last  information 
respecting  noblemen  collected  in  the  burying- 
places.    !)<""" 


>eatb  baa  destroyed  them  and  sepa- 
rated them,  and  in  the  burying-place  they  bare 
lost  what  they  amassed.  As  though  they  had 
only  put  down  their  loads  to  repose  awhile, 
quickly  have  they  departed. 

hj)  turhat,  A  burying-ground,  cemetery. 

aLjII  I)  J  Utrhattil  asldm,  The  cemetery 

of  the  Musulmen.  ^^^li^l  ^jt^  ^^' 
barat  anhatara^   The  Christian's   cemetery. 

^^\^  kJI  \^^  fatdhu  hdbron  JU 

turbah^  They  opened  a  grare  (a  tomb,  a  sepul- 
chre) in  the  cemetery.  In  Constantinople  it 
means  also  a  mansolenm,  or  chapel  built  oyer 
a  tomb. 

Ljji    tarhiyaty  Education,   instruction, 
correction.   ^j;i«AlljH  ^Jlc  u.^..^^j1^  ^ 

^  jUjf  LjJ  minal  wdjtb  ^alal  todltdina 
iarhiyat  awladahumj  It  is  the  duty  of  the 
parents  to  bring  up  their  children. 

LjJ  ^^jm/^  ahsan  tarUyah^  The  best 

education.  Xj^\  p J^  ^admat  tar- 
hiyahf  One  who  has  not  a  good  education. 

JU1\  IjJ  ^\L^\  J^  c-.^  yajib 
^ahl  hukkdm  iarbiyattul'ahaltf  It  is  the  duty 

of  the  rulers  to  correct  the  people.  4jy 
jy^\  iarbiyai  aUiyoor,  To  bring  up, 
to  rear  birds.  jij3^\jjjLjjj,iarhiyat 
dudal  harlr^  To  rear  silkworms.  LjJ! 


mm 


(76) 


zy 


jU^S^  tarhiyat  utdthAr^  To  rear  flowerB. 
cyjt  Ljy  Urhiifat  uUl$bd^  To  tome 

wild  beasts.  ^W*'!  Ljji  iarliyiU 
m/  nu^'dninf  To  attend  on  madmen ;  to  imtrnet, 

oonect,aadtrytoctmthem.  il^M^^^ 
ClX-tj   u:,^  y;,  y    <^    ^^, 

And  were  it  not  for  the  faot  of  thy  haymg 
brought  me  iq>  (reared  me),  I  wooM  lay 
Tiolent  hands  npon  thee  tUt  moment  1  God 
haa  afflicted  me  07  this  merchant,  and  all  that 
I  haTO  ezperienoed  from  him  was  done  on  thy 
iioooimt  and  hy  thy  infftntmentality  I 

w^^  Uitlii^  DiTiding  into  four,  making 
a  qnadrangolar  or  square  figure.    Quadrating. 

^«j^  c)^»  -^  qnadnuigiilar  fignreb 
^^*[P  tarilh,   Order,  dispoaition,  ar- 
rangement  42^1^1  Jjj  d^Lj^  tartl' 
hdi  wa  (add  rutdt^  Preparativea.   Sjj^ 

c^^l    c,..^   ^,  And  in  it 

were  also  instruments  of  munc  and  mirth* 
and  yarieties  of  heautiftd  slaye^girlsy  ranffed 
erery  one  acoording  to  his  rank  in  good  oroer. 

JbJy  tartU,  Singing  in  ohnroh. 

^jj  tarqjifuhf  FreTailing  07er,  excelling. 

Movine  haokwaxds  and  forwards,  as  a  swing, 
or  anymmg  suspended  in  the  air. 

Js^  tarqiful,  Walking  on  foot;  placing 

under  the  feet  To  alight  ih>m  a  hone. 

^  \y^jJ^  i^txJI  J^JJ^  J.A^\ 

^^  ^^jj  f^^  S^j/r^  r^^ 

(.IjDlJ^  ,  So  when  they  heard  hia  wordsi 
they  knew  that  the  king  was  hasty  of  temper 
ana  yery  yiolent,  and  they  alighted  from  their 
horses  and  drew  tiieir  swords,  and  went  in  to 
the  king. 

^Usfy  tof^^Mntf f»i  Aninterpretar.  i/Jcx 

mfUofyim,  I  haye  an  interpreter  and  a  trans- 
lator. 


^as^  UnyamtAf  Tnteipretalian,  trans- 
lation, t  J^  JLm»-  X^arrjsSt  irOUb  hauh 
aUarjtmah  hatanahjiideu^  This  translation  u 

very  good.  X^is^iL^js^S  usithaaik 

aHmymmh  U  tikkm  IsAa,  Tlus  is  •  mistrau- 
Utlon. 

^f^/i  UnrjlK  Preponderating,  outweigh- 
ing, considering  as  more  yaluable  or  important 
To  j^er.  [trayelling. 

Ji>y  tarahhul^  Departing,  emigrating, 
A^^foraMuMfPityyOompaasion.  m^Jt^ 

^lJl^  ^;M-a<3  ^^  faUtrakamma  ldk& 
fMto   hujMtna    ^alaffihf    He   had    pity  00 

him,  and  gave  him  alms.     (i^jSJ  ^ 

ba^d  foafatHU,  After  his  death,  who  will  pray 
God  to  have  mercy  onhim,  saying,  Ia^j 
4UI  rahamahu  aOah,  May  God  hare 
mercy  on  him  ?  ^^t  ^y  l5^1/^  f^^^ 
*r^^  ^^1  ^^iifi^  f^jiJ^^fJ^^ 

^^  jjhU^  «  ^"..(^  2-^*>Sf  )^  (»^^ 

♦^^\  Jlejl  Ij^U  IIb^  JiJ  •  jij-;^  t  jJb 

You  make  me  loye-lom,  and  you  remain  in- 
diffsRnt  to  me;  you  make  my  wounded  eyelid 
sleepless,  and  you  slera  at  ease.  Tour  abode  ii 
hetween  my  heart  and  my  eyes ;  therefore  my 
heart  will  'not  fbiget  nor  relinquish  yov,  noi 
my  tears  conceal  (my  sorrow).    Ton  gare  m< 

Sour  word  on  oath  that  you  would  remaii 
fcilhftil  and  answer  to  my  loye ;  but  when  yoi 
had  got  ponession  of  my  heart,  you  yiolatec 
your  coyenant.  When  you  xnapired  me  yntl 
loye,  I  was  so  young  that  I  did  not  know  irha 
loye  was;  now  that  I  feel  it,  do  not  alloi 
me  to  become  the  yietim  of  it.  I  entree 
you  by  the  Almighty,  if  I  die,  that  yoa  writ 
upon  my  tomhstone,  This  was  a  slaye  of  loyi 
that  perchance,*  some  mourner  who  haa  fel 
the  same  flame,  may  pass  by  the  loyer^a  gray) 
and  pity  her  by  saying,  May  God  haTo  nken 
on  her  soul ! 


jy 


(77) 


^y  UrM,  Wdooming  a  gaest  by 

aaying  L>/«i  Yon  are  welcome. 

\jCi>-J)  (arihUi,  Oranting  permission, 
to  nthorin^  to  giw  aathoritj  to  do  someihiag. 

dJp  UrMii^  IrreeolatioD,  hesitation, 

vsTttiiig,  flnetiuttioii  of  opinion,  siupenmoii  of 
jndgDNBt  fieliiMlf  i^eeting,  renstuig,  oppo- 

ntion.    iWy^  ttf*  v^  -?^  ^^^^ 

hmmrngkaffhr  taraddmd^niQ  tiuwered  me 
without  aaj  lieiit«tion. 

LJUi^  tatilff  Following,   sobjoining. 

So^in;  aaj  one  as  oompenion  to  another,  or 
maeaeoil 

J^J^  ianSll,  IXespising,  reprobating. 

\j»*y  Um,  A  shield,  target,  buckler. 

IjLtJi  iaridna  (Italian  <£0rM»a,  An  inner 
Mrar),  Dockyard. 

^P  iarathhuh,   Sweating,  eznding. 
Toeatdicold. 

•3uy  tarauudf  Observing  steadily  with 
atkntiTe  eyes.    Expecting,  waiting,  hoping. 

\jci^^  UimUt  Firmly  joining  or  clamp- 
ing together. 

j^y  UriH^   Adorning  with  jewels, 

P>U,etiL 

^J  Uriiyat^  Satisfying,   contenting. 
Ucji\  kSU^  (J^l^  UlA«Ldf ,  Oiia^maind 

Immil  watdyit  uttardiyak^  We  have  employed 
iQ  menu  to  bring  about  a  reconciliatioD. 

^r^Ji  tarM,  Moistening,  macerating, 
cooling.     tjXiM«i>*  *^r^ji  1^"^^  ^^ 

<ilX^ Jj  hatd  iMawd  yarattib  jismak 

iM  daumtJt,  This  medicine  will  cool  and  re- 
fresh your  body  and  your  blood. 

Ley  tar^fp  fileeding  at  the  noae. 

sj)  Unrghlh,  Exciting  desire. 

^Jf  Urfl^  EleTating,  raising  on  high. 

<*»/  imrphf   Procuring   (for  another) 
CM  ■ad  prosperity.  [ing. 

a 

w^-^<afaU«^,  Contemplating.  Expect- 

^^  tarakkut.   Being  moved  np  and 

down,  dancing.    Uaiy  \joij^  \j:^^jLi 

u^y  ^  ^\  fathara^at  iatarahloi 

^•ftihmm  ya  laku  mm  iorakkm,  In  dancing 
^  begaa  to  execute  motions  of  the  body — 
bot  vut  motions ! 


?  - 


^Ji  tarail^f  Increase,  angmentation  (of 

salary).  Promotion,  preferment,  advancement. 
Making  a  progress  (in  learning),  excelling. 

wJy  tarkl^,  Mending  a  garment  by  in- 
serting a  patch. 

(j^JS  (arklkt  Softening,  thinning. 

mJiJj  tarhmf  Writing,  pointing  ortho- 
graphically,  placing  the  yowel  points. 

CJjj  tark,  Abandoning,  forsaking,  leav- 
ing.   To  abandon,  desert,  lesTe^  quit,  fonake, 

throw  off.  t^Jk>^j,-i5^^ij:>-JbjUUl 

limSza  tahabta  w«  ta  raktmi  wahdi.  Why  did 
you  go  away  and  leare  me  by  myself  (or 

alone)  ?  <Uu«^  u^'j  ^jy^  */^  ^'^ 


j^J^^  Jl   jJJL;  jjL-fiJl  yJL^j^i 
T^1>J'^  r^^  ^  L^Ji  m]/-.  And 


I  abhor  his  face,  and  detest  my  being  in  his 
oompany.  If  I  did  not  fear  to  displease  theei 
I  would,  before  the  rising  of  the  sun,  reduce 
his  city  to  ruins,  so  that  the  owl  and  the  raTOQ 
should ory  in  it! 

d^  Iktrk,  A  Turk,  comprehending  like- 
wise those  numerous  nations  of  Tartars  between 
Khorasm6  and  China,  who  all  claim  descent 
from  Turk,  the  son  of  Japhet 


Sip  taraikuh,  Composing.     Inserting 

one  thing  into  another  (as  setting  a  stone  in  a 
ring,  putting  the  head  upon  a  spear,  etc.). 

i^J  tarJtatj  Inheritances,  legacies.    The 
estate  or  moTable  effects  of  a  deceased  person. 

^J&^J  Ihtrktitdn,  Turkestan,  Turan, 
Turcomania,  or  Transoxania. 

^\^y  Twrkm&ny  A  Turcoman.     The 

Turoomen  are  of  the  number  of  those  Tarter 
hordes,  who,  on  the  neat  revolutions  of  the 
Empire  of  the  Calin,  emigrated  from  the 
eastward  of  th^  Caspian  Sea,  and  spread  them- 
selves over  the  vast  plains  of  Armenia  and 
Asia  Minor.  They  fi^uent  Northern  SyriSy 
and  speak  the  Turkish  language.  They  live 
in  plenty,  without  being  rich.  They  make 
very  nice  carpets. 

t_.  nj^"  tarW>t  Composition,  compoundt 

compost,  mixture. 

^U^  tmrm&nln,  A  village  situated  at 

the  distance  of  about  five  miles  from  Mount 
Saint  Simon  Stvlites  in  Northern  Sjriia.  The 
etymology  of  tois  word  is  of  Latin  extrac- 
tion i  it  oomes  most  likely  from  Terra  magna. 


J> 


(78) 


••? 


i/ 


^j»»^/  turtnuB,  A  bramble.     A  kind  of 
Turkish  lupin,  pnlse,  a  bean  or  bean-shelL 

^J  iarammtil,  Becoming  a  widow. 

ff^^J*  tarmlm,  Eepairing  (a  house). 

^Jj  Utrunf,  The  bitter  or  Seville  orange. 

^^    . 

^cflET^  iurut^X  Orange-coloured. 

ftjj)  tarannum^  Singing,  modulating. 

t^^Ji   tanolj,   Placing  a   value    upon 

(goods,  etc.),  making  them  to  be  sold,  causing 
money  to  be  paid  or  receiyed.  Establishing, 
making  to  pass  or  go  current.    Furtherance. 

fC^y    tartpih,    Performing    anything. 

Pacifying,  contenting.    Ventilating,  fanning. 

(Jijjf  tarwlh,  Straining  off,  making  clear. 

UD\jbp   turrahdt,   (s.  pi.),    Nonsense, 

Tain  words. 

i^-;"*^  tarahhub,  Devoting  one's  self  to 
religion,  entering  into  a  monastery. 

^>^mihj}  iarhlb,  Frightening,  terrifying ; 
to  terrify,  frighten. 

by  tarayyd,  A  number  of  lamps  made 

up  in  the  form  of  a  crown,  suspended  from 
the  roofs  of  churches  and  other  public  build- 
ings j  (metaphorically)  the  Pleiades. 

^by  tiry&k,  Treacle,  antidotes  of  every 

kind  against  poisons.  A  kind  of  electuary; 
theriaca,  of  yarious  kinds,  one  of  which  is 
eaten  with  opium,  and  hence  opium-eaters  are 

called  jV^y^  tirydklf  or  a  theriaca- 
man.      ^ 

^]p  taxdhum,  A  concourse,  a  crowd. 
dj\jj  tiudyud,  Augmentation,  increase. 
Jjjj  ta%ahhud,  Foaming,  frothing. 
9j^y  toa^stf^,  Commotion,  agitation. 

i^J5    tatkiyat,    Sanctity,    purification. 

Justifying  (by  witnesses).  Purifying  (that 
part  of  a  man's  wealth  which  is  dedicated  to 
pious  uses).    Giving,  and  also  receiying  alms. 

^ji   tMkim,    Being    afflicted  with  a 
rheum. 

JjJpf    tauUnul,    Commotion,    agitation, 
trembling,  trepidation.    An  earthquake. 

fip  tMuUui,  Sliding,  dipping,  fidling. 

j;>^  tosmir.  Psalmody,  singing. 

•pjj!  tauwvn^,  Hanying,  taking  a  irife. 


And  I  haye  left  my  kingdom  on  thy  aooount, 
and  our  meeting  now  is  a  wonderM  coinci- 
denoe.  Arise,  then,  and  descend  to  me,  that 
I  may  go  with  thee  to  the  palace  d  thy 
father,  and  ask  my  uncle  to  make  peace,  to 
release  thy  father,  and  then  to  marry  thee 
lawAilly  (to  take  thee  for  my  wife). 

mm 

JjJJ  tasmpivud,  Providing  necessaries  for 
a  journey. 

ig^y  tawicij,  Joining,  associating,  marry* 
ixig.     cT*  J-^^  J^^  ^^  ^^ 


♦  U,^i,,.^lV>rj^pjyyjiuXj^,  There 


is  not  among  the  Kings  of  the  Sea  any  one 
more  yiolent  or  hasty  than  her  father,  nor  is 
there  any  one  of  grester  power  than  he. 
Therefore  acquaint  not  thy  son  with  the  case 
of  this  queen  until  we  demand  her  in  marriage 
for  him  of  her  father ;  and  if  he  fayour  naby 
assenting  to  our  request,  we  praise  Ood  (whoee 
name  be  exalted !} ;  and  if  he  reject  us,  and 
marry  her  not  to  thy  son,  we  will  remain 
at  ease,  and  demand  in  marriage  another. 

thy  son  is  seyenteen  years,  and  he  ia  not 
married,  and  we  fear  that  something  niav 
happen  to  him,  and  he  may  not  haye  a  son. 
I  toerefore  desire  to  marry  him  to  one  of  the 
Queens  of  the  Sea,  who  snail  be  like  onto  lii»ti 
in  beauty  and  loveliness. 

jiyp  taztolr,  Imposture,  fraud,  deceit.. 


j^\ 


aIU^j 


A^l:^* 


^ 


Jiji- 


\ 


5?^  * 


r 


(79) 


4JM**' 


jfs^j  ^^A^i:^,  If  your  promise  of 

to  aetoil  intemew  be  fiUse,  gnmt  the  lorer  a 
tHe-^-tetty  or  a  riait  in  sleep.  Bat  how,  Uiey 
replied,  can  the  phantom  present  itself  to  the 
ey«  of  a  penon  nom  whom  sleep  is  banished  ? 

«X^  Uaakkud,    Being    abstment    and 
ie'^wt*  [adorned. 

^jlp  iaajfi/m,  Dressing  one's  self.  Being 
^J*JJJ  ta^yiHj  v.  a.  To  adorn  another. 

Thai  Um  king  committed  the  damsel  to  the 
tire-vomea,  saying  to  them :  Amend  the  state 
of  t^  damselt  and  deck  her,  and  famish  for 
ha  a  piiTate  efaamber,  and  take  her  into  it. 

JfuJ  tasdhik,  Banning,  contending  in 
UT  msaaer  for  a  wager. 

^L;  Usdiui,  Falling  or  throwing  one's 
Klf  iato  anything.  [reconciled: 

^UJ  tatdlum.    Making    peace,    being 

^UJ  tatdmuhj  Beciprocal  indolgenoe, 
aatnal  tindness  and  forgiveness. 

^Lj   iMdna,    Contending    for   pre- 

eaiioeoce. 
jXj  taadwl^  Equality. 

t4uhibf  Cansing,  giving  cause. 

^.  .^  toihlh,  A  hymn,  the  praise  of  God. 

OcCLw  tath^dt,  Hymns,  praises  of 


^3^: —  tashi^  Dividing  into  seven  parts. 

ioihik,  Melting  (gold  or  silver). 

tatbil.   Consecrating  (anything) 
to  pioBs  or  charitable  oses. 

jf^  tatoHur,  Covering  or  hiding  one's 
"etf  bdiind  a  TciL 

j^i4Ulr,  Veiling,  covering,  concealing. 

s^^^   t^ll.    Confirming,    ratifying. 

^ttfflg  a  kwsoit  put  down  in  a  jndge's  book. 
^B'CUBi:  anything  judicially  (as  diecreeSf  etc.). 

^ttahhtr.  Rising   or  setting   out 

^^^y-bnak,  and  breakfasting  at   that 
•njhoor.  fiecelTing. 

^Mr,  Enchanting,  £ucinating, 


#    - 


taaakhihurj  Eidiculing.     Making 
obedient  or  tractable.  [liberal. 


tiuakhkhl,  Being  conspicuously 

taskhlrf  Oppressing,   compelling 
to  work  for  nothing. 

^j*i*^  taskhln,  Making  warm. 

^  JumJ  tasdiyah,  Stretching  the  warp  and 
washing  it  with  glue  or  gam-water. 

j^^mJiXuJ  tasdis,  An  hexangular  aspect  of 
the  stars.    Dividing  into  six  parts. 

c^mJ  toiorru^f  Hastening.     Speed. 

i^^^jMj    tasrih,    Sending    in    crowds 
(camels). 

.^dxuyJ  tattlh,  Equalling,  making  level. 

j«LmJ  tastlr,  Writing,  delineating. 
^4aJ  tuu^t  Nine.    Ttuu^,  A  nbth  part 
^^«mJ  tisa^n  (oblique   case  ^^.tLuJ), 
Ninety.     ^^  U^Ij  j^^\  ^  Jj 

^\js^\  ^  ^1\,  And  if  I  fail  to 

bring  yon  together,  life  will  be  of  no  use  to 
me.  I  have  passed  my  life  in  the  practice  of 
artifice,  deceit  and  intrigues,  until  I  have 
attained  the  age  of  ninety  years ;  how,  theo, 
should  I  fail  of  uniting  two  persons  in  sin  P 
(not  lawfully,  against  the  precepts  of  reli- 
gion). 

(JamJ  taaaffid,  Descending.     Being  ig- 
noble, low-bom.  [roofl 


tatakkuf,  Being  covered  with  a 
tcahiyatf  (Hving  to  drink,  watering. 

JLilLIl    ^Ju:   yb^,    And    behold!     a 

window,  opposite  the  place  where  I  sat,  was 
opened,  and  there  looked  out  from  it  a  young 
lady  like  the  fall  moon,  such  as  I  bad  never 
in  my  life  beheld.  She  was  watering  some 
flowers  which  she  had  beneath  the  winoow. 

L,fl.JlMJ  iatklf^  Covering  (a  house)  with 
a  roof. 


I^mJ 


(80) 


Jum7 


mmAmj  iaakUn,  Making  sick.  Being  dck. 
vj.  >.gC>i7  iiuht,  Strikingdumb.  Silencing. 
^JLmJ  ta§hr,  Shutting.  Making  drank. 
^2^JLmJ  (<Mi(ifi»  Pacifying,  quieting.  Ea- 
tabliahing  in  any  place.    Cil)  J  Joju 


I^jumJU  «  ;^li  ZJ  JJ  l|J  u 


Ji!«  ^  V;^  l|J  C 


arose  and  went  forth  from  her,  and  brought  to 
her  a  ramptaons  dreiB,  with  which  she  dad 
her.  She  aim  brought  to  her  some  food  and 
drink,  and  ate  with  her,  and  comforted  her 
heart  and  appeased  her  terror. 

(JmJumj  iMoktd,  Connecting  like  a  chain. 
Flowing  or  waving  (as  water  with  a  ^tle 
breexe).  [manding  despotically. 

LLyj  tMottut,  Abaolute  dominion.  Com* 

^^laLjf  Uutdtuny  To  become  a  sultan. 


Lc^,  My  father  died  since, 

and  I  became  a  Saltan  after  him,  and  I 
manied  the  daughter  of  mj  nnde  who  naed 
to  lore  me  ezoessiTely, 

t— aLmj    ioiottuf.   Borrowing,    receiving 

money  per  adyance  for  goods  to  be  afterwards 
deliTerecL    Antidpating. 

JLmJ  taiaUmn^  Occupying.     Beceiving. 

^JLj  toidUit   Consolation,  comforting. 

The  bdng  consoled. 
^uLaJ  tatUyat,  Consolation,  relieving  one 

from  anguish  of  mind.  ar^-ftJ?)  m^\  *j 
Uli  J^\  if^S\  (J^J  Jju^  s^j 
ij>^{J  XJju  u^  aUs)^  ^  ^ 

y>^b  Lcaj^  e^»yi  ^ 


CL>y\Ji\^,  They  proceeded  to  address 

him  with  soft  words,  and  to  console  him,  and 
after  that  they  conducted  him  into  the  bath ; 
and  when  he  came  forth  from  the  bath,  he 
put  on  a  magnificent  suit  woyen  of  gold, 
adorned  with  jewels  and  jacinths.  [mug. 

^LmJ  tashkh,  Maying,  stripping  skin- 


^vLyJ  tadlhf  Causing  one  to  arm. 

kJyukJ  Uuhi^  Giving  absolute  dominion 
Bdng  inTested  with  power. 

i^BjlMiy    tasltf,     Anticipation.      jjJI 
{JuJt  \0Jb  ^<iLJ  iakdir^tutMi/k 

hatal  moMagh,  cin  you  adyance  me  this  sum 

^jJLmj  iasllht  To  leap  on  a  wall,  lik* 
thieves  do.     w^jJJ  c,,J<eJl  JLL 

^Lu^  i\  aUJ,  And  the  fox  said  t 

the  wolf,  Enter  the  yineyaid;  for  thou  ai 
spared  the  trouble  of  aaoenoing  to  and  descend 
ing  from  the  waU  of  the  garoen,  or  breakinj 
it  down,  and  it  bdonga  to  God  to  complel 
the  be&efltl  [ing,  putting  in  orda 

CLO^T  ia$tlk  Beelimg  yam.    Arvang 

aJuJ  ioitlm,  Saluting,  pronounokig  i 
benedietiQa  on  any  penon  decased,  by  sayioj 

JlJla  iJLJ!,  Peace  with  him.  «X^^l 
^\  ^  jJ-*Jj  Jlf  ^\  C^Lsi  ^ 

Now  I  denre  of  thy  goodness  that  thou  com 
and  salute  my  fiomly  and  see  them,  ^m1  Hit 
ther  may  see  thee,  and  that  pleasure  an 
mutual  mendship  may  ensue  between  both  < 
YOU. — Deliyering  (to  any  penon).  Sid>mittiD 
to,  and  acquiescing  in,  the  lud^ent  of  anothe 
BeHTery,  oonrignment.    ResigniBg,  redgni 

tion.  J^U^  aLi^I  2d  tuMim  him 
iaJMf  I  do  not  admit  of  what  you  sa] 
<U1  U-i  J  J>ycJi  wJUj  wi^^ 

l^l^  [fjtLa^  Ifif,  And  she  said  wit 

a  rery  loud  yoice :   Do  not  oppose  what 
am  doing,  for  if  thou  oppose  and  make  ti 
slightest  objection,  I  will  kill  myself.    And 
abstained  from  upbraiding  her,  and  left  h 


free  to  herself.  ]L»j  C\i  ^ 


^,  He  then  bought  for  me  an  u 

and  a  rope,  and  deliyered  me  to  some  woo 
cutters,  and  recommended  me  to  them  ;  thei 
fore.  I  went  forth  with  them,  and  cut  wo 
dniing  the  whole  day. 


<^ 


(81) 


jMJ 


taumwm^,  Listeniiig,    hearing. 
J(^U  ^^^  w4>mJ   ^j^,    He    who 

listens  heara  what  displeaaes  him.  ^l^^ 

U^»i»^  wiumIj  jl^  |JU,   And  the 

kisff  was  redtmiig ;  and  wlien  he  heard  hia 
fflou£r  aod  his  uncle  mentioning  him,  and 
■peaking  reqwedng  him,  he  pretended  that  he 
wai  asl^  and  limned  to  their  conversation. 

i^MJ^aMiiya^yNominationy  appellation. 
GiTQig  a  lumeL 

iawHd^  Propping  (a  wall). 

Tamfm,  Name  of  a  fountain  in 

'  Pira<Jise.    Nectar. 

jy^  toMwwuk^  Trading,  hnying  and 
»1%.  [copy  of  a  letter. 

*^:  w  iatwldy  Making  black.     A  foul 
&:)*w  tatteli,  TiftfthiTig  with  a  scourge. 

^^    iatwiyahf     Arrangijig,     setting 

(tnight,  putting  to  rights  Smoothing,  ren- 
ewing eren  ana  regolar. 

I 

Jfw  tasahhul,  Becoming  easy,  making 
smooth.  ^^  ^^U-!«  ^  j^^^  \j^ 

V A^l  jy^i\  iJ^amJ  ,  For  this  mode 

of  DToeeeding  bringeth  lorers  together,  and  by 
it  Uungs  that  are  difficult  axe  renderad  eaay 
;they  become  easy). 

J^  Uu'hll,  Bendering  easy.    iil\  ^\ 


Verih,  God  has  smoothed  for  thee  all  the 
l^un  withont  fiitigne.     This  has  happened 


^^ii^^  thy  good  fortone.  Mayest  thou  en- 
r'7«  tbenfore,  that  to  which  God  has  granted 
^^  Mces^  in  smoothing  thy  way  to  that  im- 


OKoie  plunder,  and  great  felicity  and  happiness ! 
fw  iatydr^  Sending,  forwarding,  de- 

tatfihf  GKving,  allowing  to  go 
(oiyi;,   Fencing   (a  wall)   with 

[ing  a  great  way  off. 
^  Utfflr^  Sending,  driving,  banish- 


CSj\tj  iashdhuk,  Being  perplexed,  in- 
tricate, [opposition. 

^UJ  tashdjur,  Contending,  reciprocal 

aj\ZJ    tashdruk,    Society,    company. 
Being  partners.  [other. 

^luJ    tashdiA,   Complaining   of   each 

ji^luJ    tashdwur,    Conspiring  together. 
Consulting  one  another.    Asking  advice  and 

permission.     ^^\  ^\  cuo«^j  ^^l>9 

*  \jj\  U^jl:.!  i^  \^\  ^frj^  ^ '  That 

when  I  return  to  my  mother,  and  consult  her 
on  this  subject,  she  will  not  allow  me  to  do  it ; 
therefore  1  will  not  return  to  her,  nor  ever 
consult  her. 

^luJ  toihdyu^,  Associating  together. 

C^^ttJ  toihabluM,  Setting  about,  taking 
in  hand,  to  apply  one's  self  to,  to  set  about. 

'*^*'^  taskabhtk,  Being  mixed  one  with 
another. 

fjL^j;-"    tashhlkp    Twisting,    plaiting, 
clasping  the  fingers,  making  lattice  or  network. 

<u.>uJ    tashblh,   Comparison,   a    simile, 
allegory.    Likeness. 

c:j1^j.i>  mi  .7  toihblhdt,  Comparisons,  similes. 

(j:>.%.Ay  tathattut,  Being  dispersed,  scat- 
tered, separated. 

^js^    toihajfu^,  Boasting  of,   or  dis- 
playing strength  or  courage. 

^jjg«^u.7  toihji^,  Making  or  calling  bold. 

^JAJ^A*J  UuhkhUs,  To  distinguish,  make 
out,  recognise. 

J«\mJ  ^M^oifiMi,  Becoming  strong,  robust. 
Corroborated :  seizing  and  holding  firmly. 

^JuuJ  tashadduk,  Twisting  the  comers 
of  the  mouth  whilst  speaking. 

Jj  JluJ  tashdld,  Corroborating,  confirming, 

consolidating.  Putting  the  orthographical 
mark  tathdid  (*)  over  letters,  which  denotes 
that  they  shoula  be  doubled ;  also  the  name  of 
the  character  itself. 

i-^j^  tatharrub,  Imbibing,  drinking. 

(mJfjMJ  toiharruf,  Being  honoured,  re- 
nowned, rendered  glorious,  adorned,  decorated. 

6 


A  ? 


(82) 


A  r 


iJijUc^l^  cKUU,  And  if  the  caae 

be  ao,  we  wOl  eovip  thee,  aad  will  jonmej 
with  thee  to  thy  nome  end  thj  frienoiy  tiut 
we  ma  j  hsTe  the  honour  to  be  with  thy  rd*- 
tivet  and  compoioM. 


CSJ^    ioihamikf    Partidpatiiig    with 
another. 

u^ytJ  toikrlh,  GiTisg  to  drink. 

f^j^   iMhr^   Diaaecting    (a   body). 
Cattiiig  (meat).    Anatomy. 

jjySJ  t4uhrid,  Patting  to  flight,  dis- 
pening.    Spreading  a  bad  report^  defimnng. 

imJojJ^  Uukri/,  Hanooxing,  ennobling^ 
dignifying^  investing  with  a  splendid  robe. 


*  T 


oity  in  all  that  I  had  nid  became  manifest  to 
him,  and  he  loTed  me  greatly  and  treated  me 
with  exoeedin^  oonaideiation,  and  he  did  me 
the  honour  of  nuunying  his  daughter  to  me. 

^ji^l  \j  \^  JUi  ^^  ti>Ujj  Jjilj 

cl^bji  Iv^y  And  ahe  said  to  him : 

0  mYbrother,how  art  thou  P  how  is  my  mother, 
and  now  are  the  daughters  of  my  uncle  ?  And 
he  said  to  her :  0,  my  sister,  they  are  well,  in 
prosperity,  and  great  happiness,  and  nothing 
IS  wanting  to  them  but  the  sight  of  thy  beau- 
ttftil  iaoe ;  do  us  then  the  honour  of  paying  us 
aTisit 

iZj\jUjmj  tashrif&i,  Honoura,  dignitiea. 

^jsr\ijjJ^   Uuhrifdiji,   (uaed  in  Ar.) 

**  The  Master  of  Ceremonies  of  the  Ottoman 
Court. 

CSjjJIj  t(uhHky  Making  one  a  partner. 

Jy'cM/^  ^Vin  al-awwal,  October. 

ci^f  UJL/^  toihrht  a98anl,'NoYemher. 

JiZJ  tMha^^,  Being  inflamed.  Bom- 
ing.  [branches. 

iaah^lh,    Being  divided   into 

iashghlbf  Baiaing   a  tumult, 
excitiog  anything  ruinous  to  another. 

ia«Aa^^yInteroedingy  deprecating. 


*  ? 


A  * 


Uthfijftdj  Coring,  reatoringhealtl 

lotl/k^  Admitting  the  interod 
sion  of  one  penon  for  another. 

{JAmJ  iatkmltMrt  Being  aplit,  divided. 

jSl^  faikakhir,  Betuming  thanka  ft 

fitvonra.    Praiaing.    ULib^l  Jli^ 


iKJ 


UJ^ti 


.\ 


^ 


A  - 


said :  O  ^ng  of  the  Fkesent  A^  thou  ba4 
a  prior  elaim  upon  us,  and  it  is  our  duty  i 
render  thanks  to  thee,  lor  thou  hast  treat! 
us  with  the  utmost  kindnees ;  and  we  ba^ 
entered  thy  abode,  and  eaten  of  thy  bread  si 
salt 

JuuuJ  iathaUA^  Lamenting. 

cI.<rX«»7  ioihkikt  Creating  donbt 

JigCiMi  toAJH/,  Forming,  framing,  figa 
ing. 

JmiLmj  ioMUMf  Comingdrop  bydro] 

jaAu  ioikammmr,  Lifting  up  the  lapp 

of  agarment. 
ftA,u»j  Uuhammumf  Perfriming  alightl 
DieooTering  the  cause  of  a  smell.    SmeDisi 

iathmlr,  Tucking  up  the  garmei 
Baring  the  l^s,  arms,  or  anypari  of  the  hoc 


■fr- 


♦  t  ~ 


the  Lady  Dunya  made  bare  her  two  arms 
the  elbows,  and  began  to  search  into  the  * 
woman's  hair,  whereupon  the  paper  fell  fr 
her  head. 


A  r? 


tathmli,  Ei^oaing  to  the  aui 

iathmi^  Covering  with  wax. 

tashnl^f  Beproaching,  blamii 
defiuning,  slandering,  disparaging,  disgraci 

i^yu    t4uhatounuh,   Disquietude,    d 

traction.   Being  diaturbed,  diaeorda 

IjMj    ^yuSuj  Idk^   ^^  J[^ 

was  restless  on  account  of  her  abeence  ;  s! 


IdJ 


(88) 


eonld  Bofc  ofcnoos  my  Mttiely;  my  eyes, 
howeTer,  were  eloced,  bat  my  spirit  was  awake. 

jyLJ  Uihawwui,  Being  anzioas,  wish- 
ing, doirqg.  [thorns. 

CfjLj  kihawwui,  Being  beset   with 

^|uJ  UakwtsK,  Confusion.    Bistrac- 

tion.  Indkpontiony  malady.     ^lUI^ 

^jJbcAr^-  ^  ^UJ  aj,  By 

liftTai,  0  BT  loid,  wer»  it  not  for  my  mother,  I 
Mold  not  eaonn  senaratioik  from  thee ;  but  I  en- 


^yn,  0  BT  loid,  wero  it  not  for  my  mother,  I 
Mold  not  eaann  teporatioik  from  thee ;  but  I  en- 
|Ral  tbee,  0  my  lord,  not  to  cease  aoquaint- 


ing  m  with  thy  good  news,  for  the  sake  of 
Old  (najHe  be  exalted!),  that  my  mind  be 
sot  in  dtsqmetnde. 

jj  Jj  toihwikf  Inflaming  with  desire. 
<^*ti   toikwik,   Keroing,    prickings 

feag  thorny  (as  a  tree).  [eagerly. 

^jr*J   toihahkl,      Wishing,     desiring 

j^  tsihhir,  Uaking  publicly  known, 

%»sBg  (a  false  witness,  etc)  to  public  igno- 
miny by  pandxng  him  through  the  streets. 

a-lj^  t<uhayyui,  Being  burnt,  scorched. 

j^  taskaytun^  Deporting  one's  self 
Hb  the  stobborn,  pnmd,  headstrong  devlL 

t^ij  iaa^fffu^  Professing  to  be  of  the 
^^metan  sect  of  Ali,  called 


tr^  t^shfi^.  Accompanying  a  person 
i  Hiott  diitanoe  on  his  road  when  he  sets  out. 


rA|fi^,G^finning,  corroborating,. 

■^tibltthing. 

w«j^  tatdiuf,  Meeting,  encountering. 
Afulcntal  or  undesigned  meeting.  Chance. 
f <*  niiet  icddentally.    To  happen,  to  chance. 

J* -aJ  ^MdiicfcyOultiyatingBincere  firiend- 

''a^j,  acting  with  fidelity  and  affection  towards 
«*^^  other. 
,1   , 
4-^  U9ddum,  Dashing  one    against 

■a'<h£r.    The  shock  of  two  bodies  against 

^oLcJ\  ..^  \ms^\3.  After  a 


while,  tbe  dut  elearad  a  little,  and  we  di*- 
ooTered  in  the  midst  of  it  fifty  horsemen,  like 
fieroe  lions,  covered  with  iron,  whom  we  per- 
ceived to  be  Arab  highwaymen,  intending  to 
dash  aeainst  us ;  we,  however,  avoided  coming 
into  c^Usion  with  tiiem. 

(^L^  totdrtf,  Bevolutions,  changes. 
Conversions. 

^loj  tae&Juh,  Shaking  hands;  taking 

one  aaother  by  the  hand,  ^jij  J  ^\j 

zj  If;^ ,  But  if  this 


\  ifX^ 


be  not  the  Queen  Joharah,  this  is  more  beau- 
tiful than  she  I  And  she  drew  near,  and  shook 
hands  with  me. 

^l^  t(udftf  Acting  sincerely  to  each 
other. 

^Ljj  ioidluh,  Being  reconciled  together. 

ujLJI^  tasdtitf,  Compositions,  works, 
books.  [pictures. 

ji^^  tM&wlr^  Images,  effigies,  figures, 
^Lcjf  toBd^ith,  Calling  to  one  another. 

tasahhtr,  Being  patient,  or  pretend- 
ing to  be  so. 

.^vIm^    tatbih,    Saluting  the   morning, 

coming  in  the  morning. 

*f^^    tM'hlhy  Amending,  correcting. 

^Verifying,    illustrating.      Putting  in  order, 
arranging,  reducing  to  a  better  form. 

\^sus£^  tM-hlff  Making  an  error  in 
reading  or  writing.    Altering,  correcting. 

jJudJ  tModdur,  Taking  precedence. 
^Juaji  tasadduk,  Alms,  giving  alms.    To 
confer  favours.  ^]JL^^  ^^^  ^jL^^dij  Ji 


^hflv)   Ix^U  fjs^^  \:JVb^\j  ^J^l^ 

4.1xL<«4X£w  ^£,  Thou  hast  conferred 

favours  upon  us,  and  we  desire  of  thy  goodness 
that  thou  wouldst  grant  us  a  boon,  and  give 
us  permission  to  depart ;  for  we  have  become 
anxious  to  see  asaiu  our  country,  and  near 
relatives,  and  our  nomas.  We  will  not,  how- 
ever, relinquish  thy  service. 

i^Ju^'  tasaddtj  Presuming,  attempting, 
daring.  Undertaking,  preparing  for.  Oppos- 
ing, turning  away  the  fiioe. 


♦     •• 


(84) 


yOi 


ji*i^  ^i^ir,  Yielding  preeedenoe,  giving 
the  highest  place,  or  chief  seat  at  table. 
Beginiiue  a  letter  with  a  proasmium  or  exor- 
dium. Sweatiiig.  Going,  or  taking  prece- 
dence, with  a  stretched-ont  breast,  and  a 
haughty  air.    Causing  to  emanate. 

^  Ju^  tatdi^,  The  head-ache.  Trouble. 
To  gire  the  head-ache.    To  plagne,  annoy, 

importune.  vJ«^^  CjCjl  r.  u:  >t.4y>*J^j 


U^U^  «jJu^y  I  conjure  thee,  0 

my  mistress,  that  thou  come  with  me  and  be- 


hold her  beauty  and  lordiness,  and  the  justness 

hape,  and  proportion ;  ana 
me  for  the  trouble. 


of  her  form,  shape,  and  proportion;  and  excuse 


fJjXoj  tasdik,  Yerifying,  attesting,  ac- 
knowledging as  true,  confirming,  ratifying, 
api)roYing.  To  confirm,  corroborate.  To 
ratify  a  treaty. 

i^jtoj  taaarruf,  Possession^  use.  Dex- 
terity, industry.     i-J^,  To  possess, 

enjoy,  seixe,  usurp,  to  hare  in  one's  power. 
To  use. 

Cl^li,^  toiorru/dt,  Possessions,  usages. 


^j*^  toirlh,  Evidence.    Manifestation. 

ujbj^  tasrlf,  Changing,  toming,  con- 

yerting.  Inflecting,  conjugating,  decUnine 
(in  a  granimatical  sense).  Chan(||ing  (money) 
from  species  to  species.  Appointing  a  man  to 
manage  affairs,  with  fuU  powers.  An  inflec- 
tion, declension,  conjugation.     A  sale. 

JUi]ll  i^^j^oj  tasri/ul  qf^dl,  The  con- 
jugation of  verbs.  J\^\i^j^  toi- 
riful  mdl,  The  sale  of  goods.  f^M^jnaS 
M^\  tatrt/ul  ism,  The  declension  of 
the  noun,     ij^j^  ^^-^/^  *^-^  J^ 

i^^j^\  \jjb  f^Joj^  hal  laka  tatrif 
aharQ  hitatrlf  hanal  markab,  Hare  you  legal 
authorization  to  sell  this  ship  ? 

Xjuoj  tas^d,  Eaising  up,  ascending  a 
mountain,  going  on  a  declivity. 

vlN>y.<i7  tasa^uk,  Poverty.     Becoming 
indigent.  [noun. 

^JLaj>  tasghlrj  Diminution.  A  diminutive 

^^^  tagaffuhf  Examining  minutely,  com- 
paring, rerising,  considering  accurately. 

m 

^usuxj     tasfiyatf    Purifying,    rendering 


dear,   bright.     Liquidation.     Li, 

1:JULa»-  tasfiyat  hisdhdtind,  The  liqc 

dation  of  our  accounts,    y^^  ^ 
ioMfiyat  ul  khamTf  The  «lariflcation  of  wine. 

taaflr,  Making  ydlow  or  pale. 

L^LkLoj  tasfift  Arranging,  drawing  \ 
an  army  in  order  of  battle. 

tas/lk,  Striking  with  vehemen 


(so  that  the  sound  is  heard);   flapping  t 
wings  (a  bird). 

u^.'m)^  tashh,  Crucifying.   Making  tl 

sign  of  the  cross ;  painting,  or  £>rming  in  t 
shape  of  a  crucifiiz.    Making  hard. 

<lJ^  taasUffahf  A  benediction  (on  M 

hammed,   by  saying   ^uL^   ^t  ^ 

taOa  ilahu  ^o^^A .'    May  God  be  propitifl 
unto  himl). 

aa4^    tasmim^    Besolution,    fimmei 

Intending,  resolying.    Intention.    To  intei 
to  resolye. 


ttuannu^f  An  ostentation  of  art. 

^gjv*fl7  ta9taf,  Invention,  arrangemei 
composition,  publishing  a  book. 

jj^  tasawwur,  Imagination,  fiemcy,  coi 
ception,  speculation,   supposition,   reflectid 

Idea*  *j}^\  *^-^^J  c>^  ^^\ 
iZJ^\l  C^^3  ^jyoj  Ji^-l  j^  ^ 

♦^jl  Ls.^!,  Thy  shape  is  enticin 

and  thine  eye  like  the  angel's ;  and  thy  fs 
drippeth  with  the  water  of  beauty.  Tb 
appearest  in  my  eye  most  gloriously  pictnn 
Half  of  thee  is  of  ruby,  a  third  is  of  jewels 
fifth  of  musk,  and  a  sixth  of  ambergns :  th 
resemblest  fine  pearl ;  nay,  thou  art  mc 
splendid. 


UMiwwvf,  Contemplation,  m; 

tery.  Speaking  an  obscure  jargon  (as  t 
Eastern  sophs  or  religions  devotees) .  A  i 
eiety  of  men  (particularly  a  religious  orde 

\^yai^\  Jj^t,  An  anchorite  or  sop 
c— fji.tfj\  Jl&  ,  The  mystical  phUosopb 

taw)Xb^  Approving,  praising. 

tawHi^  Besounding,  ezdaimiii 


J-o? 


(85) 


>' 


jlyA>  toiwir,  A  piotore,  imager  effig^. 

To  psillty  I^nKDtb 

jlflj  /iiMjiyd',  Hunting,  fowling,  chas- 
ing, iniuB^  ii^iBg ;  eatching  an  animal  in 

any  way.  /*,  J-^^i  ,•  jl  ^jj^  ^,li 
For  tbe  MB  of  Adam  ia  noaaesaed  of  stratae^ma, 


nd  trti&e^  aod  rmle :  lie  captoreth  the  blrda 
ftw  tfe fli^,  and tiie  fiah  lh>m  the  aea;  and 
callell  the  moantaiDa,  and  traaaporteth  them 
from  faejibee  to  another ;  and  all  thia  throngh 
^Km^oni  and  artifiee. 


\  Having  summer  wea- 
^.  living  asywhere  in  the  summer  season. 

C^Uj  kidhui.    Laughing    at    one 

n^her. 

y;Uj  Msm^,  Being  in  eommotion, 
&nctad  aBMHig  themaelTea,  fighting,  sqnab- 

i%  together.     l^jUi:^  t  Id  tatadd- 
»^  Do  not  fight  together. 

*^-^UJ  Uda^^  Doohling,  increasing, 
Rovifig.  [place). 

JjUJ  Uiapd^  Being  narrow  (mind  or 
j^  tid^jur,  Agitation,  pertorhation, 

CXr^  UdakJmi,  Laughing,  mocldng. 

slxA^  jU\  tali  ^Jl^  IJLit^  l{  v^ 
;^^  d^  Ijia*^  JJ^^  w-Jil\  ^j  ^ 

jJii\  |»lLfl\,  Then  the  wolf  gave  the 

^  fach  a  blow,  thai  he  fell  down  senseless ; 
&d  vben  he  recoTered,  he  laaghed  in  the 
T^fi  {Me,  spok»giaang  for  his  shamefol  words. 

V^  t«2%a^.  Proceeding  slowl J.  Sac- 
^^  t  diesp  (when  the  day  is  tax  adranced). 

\jsj  Mmtk^,  Submifldon,  sSpplication. 

^i^  iada^f.  Doubling,  increasing, 
■Haying.    Making  weak. 

W/«r,  Twiating  (hair).    J\jSi\i 

^/^/i\  Id  aUirdn  adfur  sha^,  I 
«nutt«istmyhair. 

UHi^  Catting  in  dices. 


.jHoj  iadammum,  Comprehending,  con- 


taining, including.  Undertaking  for,  hecoming 
aecwity  (for  the  performance  of  anything). 

^^yKJj  tadmln,  Bepairing  damage,  mak- 
ing Batisfiu$tion  for  an  injury.  Becoming 
aecurity.    Lending  upon  intereet^ 

iiyoj  iadwiffot,  Making  bright,  pellucid, 
ahining. 

/jljMdJf  tadayyvJt,  Being  ledaoed  to  straita. 

v-n'  tadjfl^  Loamg,  oonsoming,  de- 

ftoing.    *  ^IimII  u-.^.»".0  jiCll^^ 

*  Jl^l ,  In  proportion  to  one's  care 

and  soficitude,  eminences  are  gained ;  and  he 
who  seeketh  eminence  must  pass  numberless 
deepless  nights.  He  dlTes  into  the  sea  who 
seeketh  for  pearls,  and  obtaineth  majesty  and 
perfect  success.  Wkoso  seeketh  eminence 
without  makinfi^  the  greatest  efforts  to  obtain 
it,  loseahis  life  m  seaming  for  an  impossibility. 

L,Qjj«n7  iadylf,  Beceiving  and  entertain- 
ing hospitably.    Causing  to  incline  or  decline, 
jf  j^  ^^  tadylk,  Bestraining,  compressing, 

r^ncing  to  straits.  Hemming  in  (an  enemy). 
Arguing  closely,  putting  an  anta^nist  to  a 
nonplus.  [witb  another. 

JpjUoJ  tatdhuh,  According,  agreeing  one 
^jUaj  tatdnuh,  Feigning  deafiiess. 

JjUa?  Utdundy  Usurpation,  tyranny,  con- 
quest, extension  of  dominion.  Treachery. 
Kudeness,  insolence. 

jUaj  iatdyur,  Flying  or  fluttering  here 
and  there.  [Art 

J  tatabhub,  Pirofessing  the  medical 


I  » 


^Ji^  taibik,  Comparing,  confronting. 

The  applying  (one  thing  to  another)  so  as  to 
tonch  and  fit,  or  to  see  whether  it  accords, 
either  physically  or  morally.  To  apply,  to 
compare. 

\,SjjVi7  taibikmy  In  conformitj. 

j^  tatarruky  Opposition^  crossing,  di- 
Tision,  distraction.    Opposition  of  synonyms. 

Jj^  tairidt  Driving  away,  repulsing, 
holding  out  or  brandishing  a  scourge.  J^rsuing. 


J^ioj  iabrf%,  EmbroideEnqgp 

tile  edge  of  a  gnmeat. 
A^iaJ  Uft^Mf  Gnrinc  to 


(86) 


itng 


ebrandi  of  cue  tiee  vpon 
flaTonr  to  iti  IniH. 


Engnftnig 
togivea 


<0(^y«<y  Eztmgiiuiliin^. 
.^fiiv  fo(/U,  KOing  tin  it  orerflowB. 

u,>^lVrT  taidUuhf  JmjmnDg,  intenpgatmg, 
teurehingy  icqnestiiig  agam  and  again. 

^Jisj  iath^,  lifting  up,  cansbig  to 
ascend.    To  take  oak,  to  bring  fivth. 


:ij]Ut  i^ii:  c^  «.^,  And  fhe 


lajlon  brovglit  out  ererything  thai  was  in 
that  TesMl  to  the  diore.  Tbey  were  slow  in 
taking  out  the  ffoods,  wbile  I  stood  writing  the 
nnmber  of  the  rales, 

^^JLLj  Mlik,  Dismiadng,  lepfodiating  a 
wife,  loosening,  liberating. 

^jAn*   UfMl^y   Ezdting    avarice   by 
throwing   out  temptations.      J^fi 

tatmi^tm  It,  He  did  not  act  so,  but  to  ezette 
my  eoTetovsnesi — to  tempt  me. 

uJJLj  tatawwuf,  tSoing  itmnd  (in  pro* 
oemon).    Berolying. 

jljLu  tuiawuml,  Adorning  with  a  cbain, 

ooUar,  or  necklace ;  wearing  it  ronnd  the  neok. 

^^  taUoi^,  Bendering  tractable,  ob- 

ieqnions,  obedient. 

Jj»^  Uiufll,   Extending,   prolonging, 
•fetching    out,    lengthening;      Phnogning, 

giving  a  delay.  JU?UjJb,jU  JjJ  Jj 

IfJf  (j:.^1.  And  thus  she  oontinned 

to  act  in  this  way  nntil  the  expiration  of  the 
second  year,  while  I  patiently  snfFered  her, 
and  did  not  attach  any  rahie  to  what  die  wss 
doing. 

L^  taUallan^  Prolixly. 

j^   tatahhwr,    Purification,  cleansing, 
sanctifying,  washing  (with  water). 

j*^  tat'hJr,  Parification, 

tatayjfiA,     Being    embalmed. 


aaiHBled,  pcrfvmed  with  aiomatics  or  Bwe 


,[a,j 


C/"^^ 


fJ^: 


•  •• 


iaUffih,  Making  beantifbl,  fri 
gmt,  sweet,  soft,  dfliieata.  IGligating,  soot] 

ing,  cmeifiating,  plearing.     ^jp  ^ 
^ILr^  It^  ^^\  j\j3y  And  she  cea« 

•ot  to  sit  with  her,  and  console  her,  and 
eomfoit  her  heart,  vntil  she  was  content,  u 
her  bosom  became  dilated,  end  she  lau^bc 
and  her  tnmble  and  the  ooatnetion  of  h 
bosom,  on  aooonnt  «f  her  separation  from  h 
fibnily  and  home,  ceased. 

ji^  Urifffr,  Causing  to  fly.  or  moi 
witii  nudity. 

^^^Jsj  Mjftn,  Bedaubing  witii  clay. 

aJ   imdlum.   Injuring  one  anotk 

Acting  Qttjnstly.  Complaining  of  maU 
BBJnries. 

yibUflj  taadhmry  Assisting  and  defendii 

tme  another.  Appearing,  exhibiting  one's  m 

jUoJ    tataUnl,    Being  shaded,    in  t) 

^ade.    LJ»  Ji  ^\  ^^yL  Jfp  f 

11^  \f^  Jil=ci  ^^  J^j^M 

i^ImJ\  y  And  we  continued  to  advanc 

nntil  we  arrived  at  a  garden  in  a  beantil 
island,  wherein  where  camphor-trees,  nn<j 
each  of  which  a  hundred  men  nught  sha 
themselTes. 

Jilaj  too^Tiim,  Aplaintagainstof^ressio 

JJJa?  UbM,  Placing  in  the  shade,  ho] 
ing  an  umbrella  above  any  person. 

\^\xS    ta^tuhf   Expostulating  wit 
recriminating,  aooosing  one  another. 

Ji>U7  ta^dul,  Equality,  parity.  Bei 
equal,  just. 

4^  jUjf  ia^dl,  Carrying  on  mutual  h< 
tilities.    Injury,  oppreasion. 

^joj\mj   ta^drudf  Opposition.      Disot 
dience,  reaistanoe.  [Aoquaintan 

uJ;U7  («^dr«^,  Knowing  one  anoth< 


(87 


ie\ju  Utihf,  Haviiig  a  maiaal  afibo- 


twn. 


^UJ  ta'Mij  GiTiiig  reciprocal  presents. 
'  Qma^  toga&m  to  anjthmg.   SiideAToiuiiig. 

JfflsJ  U'^dam,   Behaving  pompously. 

m  m  ^ 

So  if  Aim  uKnt  to  that  which  I  hare  asked 
oftbfle,  ^oawUt,  O  King  of  the  Age,  hsTe 
nt  tfa£  tihing  in  its  proper  place ;  and  if  thoa 
mm  with  pride  towwrds  na,  thoa  treatest  ns 
Boc  eqnilablj,  nor  puisnest  with  ns  the  right 

c^Uj  U^Mby  Saooeeding  one  another 
(as  daj  and  Bight). 

\j^  U'^hu^  Conversion,  inversion. 

.  ilj  ^dft,   Baising,    exalting   one's 

1^  ippeaiing  conspicaona.  Being  eminent^ 
^jrane;  deration.  The  third  person  pre- 
Ime  te^ok*  IB  often  joined  to  toe  name  of 
Oad,  sad  eiplained  in  an  adjectire  aense,  as 

JUJaUI  The  most  high  God.  ^Ik^f  J 
1^  Jf^t  tjub  ^,  So  he  gave  him 

^  pieoBB  of  gold,  and  aaid  unto  him :  If  it  he 
tbe  win  of  God  (whose  name  he  exalted  1),  we 
viU  pecfonn  in  this  place  a  good  work. 

J^UJ  U^mud^  I>ealing  together.    Act- 
iigt^geftcr.  Ohndnesa. 

^U?  ^dMl,  Being  blind.     Feigning 

JjU?  lA^'mtk^  A  mntoal  embracing. 

J^  U^wtm^  Assisting,  conspiring. 

«^  w  ia^dhuif  Confederating,  conspiring. 

c;^jj^l»  U-^huddi,  Conspiracies,  ma- 
tsal  em^nets,  leagnea,  or  agreementa. 

ji^  U^yur,  Beproaching  each  other. 
w^  ta^  or  ta^ahi,  Lassitade.  Trouble. 


Jj^   u:,^x^    ft^^^^f   How  many 

wretched  persons  do  not  taste  any  rest !  and 
how  many  are  in  luzory,  resting  and  enjoying 
thepEuelves  in  the  shade  I  I  find  myseu 
afflicted  by  great  trouble,  and  strange  is  my 
condition,  and  heayy  is  my  load.  Others  are 
happy,  and  enjoy  prosperity  without  knowing 
what  adrersity  is.  Fortune  has  nerer  for  a 
single  day  loaded  any  one  with  a  load  like 
mine.  Ix>rtune  has  granted  to  others  to  be 
blest  throughout  the  course  of  life  with  happi- 
ness and  honour,  as  well  as  with  meat  and  dnnk. 
AU  men  whom  Ood  hath  created  had  the  same 
origin ;  this  man  is  my  counterpart,  and  I  am  the 
counterpart  of  this  other ;  but  between  us  is  a 
difference  as  great  as  the  difference  which 
exists  between  wine  and  vinegar.  Tes,  in 
saying  this  I  do  not  murmur  against  thee,  0 
my  God,  for  thou  art  wise,  and  with  justice 

thoa  hast  jadged.    A^l  (^X)j  ^^j 


jj\  dJL&  JsJ^\^  jjCy  lLkJ\,  And 


that  dav  was  excessiyely  hot ;  so  he  was  very 
weaziea  b^  the  load,  and  perspired  profusely, 
the  heat  violently  oppressing  hun. 

JuiJ  ta^hudf  Beceiving  as  a  servant. 
The  being  pious,  devout. 

Ju^  ta^ldf  Bedadng  to  slavery,  re- 
ceiving aa  a  servant 

ta^blr,  An  explanation,  interpreta- 

tion,  declaration,  narration.  Naming,  calling. 
Explaining.  A  word,  an  expression.  To  i^- 
ply  (a  name)  to  a  thing.    To  explain  a  dream. 

ta^t,  Knitting  the  brows. 
ta^t,  Making  old.  * 

ta^uh,  Admiration,  wondering. 
Being  struck  with  admiration.    L^Jlj 


«•»  _f 


\^\jJo  ^^  v:uJjy  And  when  he 

heard  her  words,  he  was  astonished  ex- 
tremely at  this  strange  coincidence,  and  said : 
No  doubt  I  have  attuned  my  aim  and  ohject 
by  the  capture  of  her  ihther. 


(88) 


ta^jruf,  Being  tronblesome,  im- 
portunate, haTing  no  sense  of  shame  or  reverence. 

MT^  ta^ojlfulan,  In  haste.    Hastily. 

^^^.s^  ta^^h,  Cansing  anything  to  be 
like,  marrelloas,  strange,  sorpiising. 

Jas^  tacjlM,  To  oppress  to  injure,  to 
harass,  to  render  completely  wretched. 

J-jK*'  ta^'il,  Haste,  making  haste.    To 

hasten,  urge,  press,  accelerate,  to  make  haste. 

H-jc*'   ta^'llan,  Beforehand.    J  «Jj 

ILs*'^  UL.  i^J^  i^\   defu^all  dfa 

lirah  iolafan  wata^jUan^  He  paid  me  a 
thousand  pounds  in  anticipation  and  before- 
hand. 

jIj^  ta^d,  Numbering,  computation. 
JJju  to^i»^tM7,P]uraIity,number,  variety. 

j^»X*7  ta^addl,  Cruelty,  tyranny,  oppres- 
sion,   exorbitancy,    excess,    violence. 

(^tX«J  To  oppress  with  tyranny  and 
injustice.  Tafjxddt^  Passing  from  one  to 
another.  Being  transitive  (a  Terb).  Passing, 
superseding.  Being  infected  with  a  contagion 
and  communicating  it  one  to  another. 

JjJ^  ta^l,  Equation,  rectifying,  ad- 
justing. Changing  slightly,  modifying,  to 
modify. 

aj«W  ta^dim,  Annihilating,  destroying. 

u^i«j  ia^lh,  Punishment,  torment. 

c-^  ta^rub,  Being  Arabic  or  Arabian. 
Becoming  like  an  Arabian. 

ij&j^  to^nrrwi?,  Opposition,  obstacle,  im- 
pediment. Oppression,  iniury,  loss.  Meddling 
without  a  right.    To  meddle  with  wrongfully, 

to  offer  injury.    JjU  CXjI  U>j^\  \j\ 

\fjjj^,  I  know  that  thou  wast  a 
man  of  sense,  and  of  ^[ood  manners ;  and  if 
thou  art  changed,  I  will  acquaint  her  with 
this,  and  inform  her  that  thou  hast  offered  op- 
position to  her  female  slave. 

ta^rib,    Pronouncing    Arabic 


agreeably  to  the  rules.    Conforming  a  foreign 
word  to  the  Arabic  Idiom. 

\Jii^  ta^Uh,  Making  a  vine-arbour; 
propping  a  vine.  [Making  conspicuous. 

lAj^   to^rf<f,  Enlarging,   extending. 


cjbyXj    ta^f,    Affirmation,   assertion. 

Birolanation,   notification.     Explaining,    de- 
scribing, description.   To  describe,  to  explain. 


And  she  wrote  on  the  door  to  acquaint  her  be- 
loved with  the  transport  of  passion  that  she 
experienced,  which  was  such  as  would  make  the 
flesh  to  quake,  and  melt  the  most  hard  rocL 

*  uJj^ycJl  ^1,  Idm  iUa^f,  the  definite 

article  Ji. 

(ji^  ta^hy  Causing  one  to  perspire. 

^JMj  tafAtiyat,  Consolation,  condolence. 

jj^  ta^Eir,  Correction,  reproof.  Teach- 
ing politeness.  Reprimanding,  legal  punish- 
ment. 

jljMj  ta^H,  Benderingpowerful,  glorious, 

victorious,  excellent^  rare,  precious,  magnifi- 
cent. [Perdition  catch  thee ! 

^^iM  ia^i,  Perdition,  ruin,     d^  Uju 

jmm  ta^aasur,  Difficulty,  being  difficult 
^Miw7  ta^oMuff  Iniquity,  oppression. 
j^kM^Mj  ta^ir,  Eendering  difficult. 
cijM»«y  ^^/t  Iniquity,  transgression. 

»^1  J  *  V  ^^ 


B    ^    ^ 


(^.i^AAjcIl ,  Yerily,  the  lord  pardoneth 
and  becometh  propitious  unto  his  servant 
when  he  has  confessed  his  sins ;  and  I  am  a 
weak  slave,  and  have  committed  a.transgrca. 
sion  in  offering  thee  advice. 

(Jj*^*j  ta^ll,  Dressing  victuals,  or 
making  sweetmeats  with  honey.  QoTe. 

/JMuukAj  tacoaJuhuk,  Making,  or  falling  in 

^<A*7     ta^hshl,     Supping.       i^*^ 

^Jmjuj,  To  dine  and  sup. 

j^JHm  ta^hlr^   Decimating.      Dividing 
into  ten.    Collecting  tithes.    To  tithe. 

^''^Mi  ta^asauh,  Partiality.  Being 
*ajktached  to  one's  kindred.  Obstinacy.  Sere- 
rity,  inflexibility,  fiigotry,  fimatidsm,  being 
bigoted,  to  be  a  bigot  [tectef 

I^^Mj   ta^nm,  Being  defended,   pro- 


(89) 


J~- 


U^,  Binding  the  head  with 
afiOet 

yLu  U^stttr^  Making  perfomed,  being 

ibigmt. 

^^Jaiu  U^dbuiht  Feigning  thint. 
kJbtJ  U^gU^,  Conuniserating.    Being 

JbcJ  k^tttd^  Being  idle,  racant. 
j^  U^,  Pezfoming,  diffiudng  odonn. 
(^Tflau  <f^/lff,  Gansing  to  sneeze. 
J^  k^Jl,  Bendering  nseless.  Aban- 


Mb^  negiectiii^.     Causing  (any  ^ing  or 

I  * '  '  Liue  or  nnemploTec' 

ia^  csBsng  to  reinain  idle.     Hotidaj.     To 


Mj^iomiainimeor  nnemploTed.   Bemain- 


^  from  vork,  hinder,  cause  to  remain  in- 

HBfB. 


(•   • 


*iM  tMuum,  Magnificence,  grandeur. 

Pn^  Respecting,  rereiing,  treating  with 
cnaderatioD  ana  honour.  Deeming  and 
^maag  ss  important.  To  honour,  respect, 
Kven,  veaeiate,  or  tnat  with  great  oonsiaera- 
tios,  to  deem  and  treat  as  important,  to  giYe 
Bpartnoeto. 

^«!3aj(a^M,Beverence,  respect,  honour. 

^\Ji]^  ^jlacJb  ^Uji  And  when  the 

gndoer  saw  him,  he  rose  to  him^  standing 
apos  his  feet,  and  receiTed  him  with  rererence 
adhoaoiir. 

UJo*;  te^iOsum,  In  honour  of.      Be- 

y«*fiiDy.  [mpted,  rotten. 

i^  ta^t^fim.  Becoming  putrid,   oor- 

^  U^aikud,  Being,  tied,  bound,  con- 
Bttted,  Jutmed.  [ing,  understanding. 

J^  U^jsJdad,  Eoreeeeing,  comprehend- 

"^  te^i,  Twisting  together,  making 
BtaykaotL 

\i^  U^,  To  cause  to  be  wise,  quiet 

a^  ntioiisL  To  cause  a  madman  to  become 
■K,  tod  to  Rsume  the  use  of  his  intellectual 

^^  i*i«ffa  kUa\kThl  mttjanJn^  It  has  been 
«B«ed  tiiat  I  should  be  the  cnrer  of  the  mad. 

j^  i^^fkbOf  Leaning  upon  a  stick. 

j-«J  i^Tt  Kaking  dirty,  rendering 
vi$«ri,bedanbing,  besmearing,  loiling. 

j^  to^iigy  Leaning  upon  a  stick. 


^^ju  ta^uk,  Parentage,  relationship, 

friendship.  Commerce,  correspondence.  At- 
tachment^ dependence.    Hanging  upon,  being 

suspended  to.  Being  dependent.  l::JUj 

4  \^Jy\  _l>-  l|^U  tij^\  SSJb  ^JU0 
^ImT  c->L^  l^  ^/i  Ujj,  And 

she  said :  It  seems  that  when  I  was  sitting  at 
the  shop  of  the  merchant,  this  paper  caught  to 
me :  giro  it  me,  therefore,  that  I  may  return 
it  to  him ;  perhaps  there  is  some  account  in  it 


which  he  wants.  il^\  .Xc.  ^A^|^ 
eUa>*]ll  c^Lm)^  Joff  iUsr^\,  And  do 

thou  take  care  not  to  quit  the  garden,  for 
probably,  if  she  behold  thy  handsomeness  and 
beauty,  her  heart  will  be  captivated  by  thy 
loTC ;  since  Iotc  is  the  most  powerful  means  of 
effecting  a  union. 

c:jULu  iacoUukdi,  Relations,  etc. 

«i 

JU?  ta^allul,  An  excuse,  pretext.  Be- 
fusal,  aTersion,  repugnance.    Being  cajoled, 

pacified.  JJ^e  Jl^,  A  frivolous  or 
weak  excuse. 

Jju  ta^aUum,  Being  taught.  Jljuj  mAju  , 
Teaching  and  being  taught  To  learn  any- 
thing. jUfiL^I^  *  i*]/\^  \2j^\  ^  Jij 

C^^\  Si^\  iJ\  ^^s^lt ,  And  he  had 

learned  writing  and  reading,  and  history  and 
mmmar  and  philology  and  archery:  and  he 
learned  to  play  with  the  spear,  and  he  also 
learned  horsemanship,  and  all  that  the  sons  of 
the  kings  required. 

_U7  ta^aUlf  Being  high,  ascending  by 
degrees.  [or  hoisting  up. 

L\ju  ta^yat,  Elerating,  raising,  pulling 

(.Jjjuto^/f/;  Feeding  well  (withfodder). 

(jAxj  ta^lik.  Suspension.  Delaying. 
Being  suspended.  The  Persian  mode  of 
writing  the  Arabic  characters. 

j^Aju    ta^tn,    Erudition,    instruction. 
^"Teaching,  instructing,  exerciiing.     Practice, 


iju 


(90) 


•  • 


exercise.  Hnitary  exerciie,  drill.  A  specimen 
copy  of  a  Kholar'i  wiitiiig.  To  teach,  in- 
straci  To  cause  one  to  practise  or  to 
exercise.  [anything. 

(jAiMj  ta^ammuk,  Ooing  deep,  or  flEir  into 

ft^^  ta^mmum,  Patting  on  the  turban 
*   ortiara. 

^UAJu    tamiyat,   BlindnesB.      Darkness, 
obscurity.    Being  enigmaticaL 

ia^ld,  Baptizing. 

ta^ir,  Bepairing,  restoring,  re- 

bnilding.  Making  any  place  habitable,  eoHi- 
Tated,  and  popnlons. 

^J^i^ju  ta^lk,  Deepening.    Penetrating 
deeper,  pushing  further. 

^ig>4.tJ  ta^tnim,  Bendering  uniyersal. 

^Lh^jJ  ta^iyah^  Mystery,  enigma. 

^^ju  ta^fml,  Fatigne.     Affliction. 

tariff  InoonTenience,  reproach. 

ta^nlk,    Grasping  the  neck  of 
another.  [corred. 

mm  

^y^  ta^aanouff  Being  bent,  crooked, 

Oyu   ta^awwttd.  Being  accustomed,  fa- 
miliar, habituated. 

Oyu  ta^awwugy  Flying  (to  God). 
^yu  ia^wtyatf  Barking,  howling. 
ta^ljy  Bending,  perverting, 


jj^  ia^df  Habituating,  training.   To 
cause  one  to  contract  a  habit.    To  accustom. 

y^\  i^jL  Jifi  jJj»  I JJb  Syu  J  la 

ta^Ufwid  haza  til  walad  fjUa  shirb  aikhamr, 
D<Mi't  accustom  this  child  to  drink  wine. 

Jjyu   ta^U,  Haying  recourse  to  the 
Deity  against  evil. 

jiyu  tariff  Depriving  of  an  eye,  ren- 
dering blind.  [ing. 

(^yu  ia^ld,  Becompensing,  reward- 

^yo    ta^telk,    Suspending,    delaying. 
Bindering,  preyenting,  ayerting,  restraining. 

f^^  ta^wlm,  Laying  down  com  (when 

reaping)  by  handAils.  Bearing  fruit  eyery 
second  year  (dates). 

Jkfu  ta^ahhud,  Promise,  agreement.  TTn- 

dertakingtoperform,  rendering  the  performance 
(of  something)  obligatory  on  one's  self.  To 
undertake,  to  make  one's  self  responsible  for 
(the  performance  of  something). 


ta^ayyM,  Beproachingi  aocnsing^ 
rendering  infiunous.  i 

ta^ayyun,  Becoming  conspicuous, 

remarkable.  [disgnuang«' 

ta^ylbf  Beproaching,  reviling^ 

U^^pld,  Celebrating  a  festival. 

ta^lfir,  Putting  to  the  blush.     Be- 
proaching, abusing,  reyiUng,  disgracing. 

ta^ylih,  Supporting,  maintaining. 
ta^yft,  Crying  out 

ta^tf^n,  Assigning,  deputing,  or- 
dering, appointing,  estabUshing,  prescribing, 
speci^ring,  pointing  out,  naming,  fixing,  allot- 
tug,  allowing  a  ration.  To  pomt  on^  desig- 
nato,  name,  appoint,  fix,  aUow,  allot. 

JiU?  tagh&fid,  Negligence,  inadvertency, 
carelessness.  Dinimulation,  fiction.  Feigning 


oe. 


v.,^liu  tagh&lubf  Overcoming  one  another. 

y\Mj  taghdfMOy  Winking  to  each  other. 

taghbUr^  Baising  (or  soiling  with) 
dust 

^^Juu  taghaddlt  Dining. 

£»  Jju  taghdiyatf  Causing  to  dine. 

4^«)ju  taghataHf  Being  nourished,  fed. 
(mgjju  ta^hamth,  Travelling  to  foreign 
parts.  GK)ing  towards  the  west  ^^SJiSlJ 

cr*  tj*  ^^^  <^'  i/^  ^y^^^ 

jiX«!lj^^!  ^^  J-«^»  Baw  amber 

is  rubbish  in  its  natiye  country,  but  by  going 
abroad  it  becomes  the  ornament  of  the  necks 
of  the  fiur.  likeirise  the  collyrium,  in  its 
own  country,  is  nothing  but  a  stone,  which  is 
cast  aside  and  thrown  at  random  on  the  hif  h 
road ;  but  when  transported  abroad,  it  is  held 
in  great  yeneration,  and  is  eyen  carried  be> 
tween  the  eyelid  and  the  pupil  of  the  eye. 

l)jii\  ij  Lj:i\  *  Jui\i,  And  he  Bsid : 


>- 


(91) 


\iS 


If  fcrtmie  dotbe  Uiee  in  the  garb  of  destita- 
tioa,  pat  oi  the  gumenU  of  deptrtoie,  and 
tamthnuL  And  I  replied  onto  him :  By 
Beire&I  I  ctsnot  endure  traTelling  and  going 
afaraad.  Boides,  the  proTerb  says  :  The 
hai}i^-pbM  ii  preferable  to  eitrangement. 

Ciju  iagkimd,  The  singing  of  birds. 

jiju  (afitrfhrnr,  Gmglingin  the  throat 
nuneAaatian  of  words  in  the  throat. 

m 

iiju  UfirijMty  Anointing.     Giuiiig. 

^^  UghnUf  Fhinting  a  tree. 

J>yt7  Ughr^   Immersing,   plnngingy 
(hekiD;,  drowning,  sinking.    . 

|iJ|yu  kfkfwt,  CompeUing  oae  to  pay 

(eneoaD J  what  ke  does  not  owe).    Fuiing, 

Boletii^. 

jJu  Ughoinil,    Washing    the   body. 

u^l  J^  ♦  ^Uy  ^  ^  j^J  ^  1^  ji^ 

«£jtji  ;^iifi  J  « ty^it  ^j^  ^Uj, 

And  when  H  was  moniingy  the  king  and  his 
■ode  entered  the  bath,  and  washed  them- 
i^res:  then  they  came  forth,  and  drank  some 
viae,  and  the  Attendants  placed  before  them 
M,  and  the  kmg  and  bis  nnele  ate  nntQ 
tiHj  ware  satisfted,  and  washed  tiieir  hands. 

taghhiffoh,    GoToring,    yeillng, 

[anger. 

UifhMUtih,   Being  proTofced  to 
\fi^iaghaffid,  Being  oarole88>  being  neg- 

%ait  jy^\  ^\j  ^  ^)J^\  J^ 

^Un  \^,  The  fear  of  Ood  is  the 

Fiaepb  of  every  importaait  thing;  it  is  the 
^Mfath,  and  a  firm  pillar.  Death  is  an  in- 
2^tnfaUe  trath,  ana  a  promiae  which  nerer 
"^  Be  not  tkflo,  Oman,  be  careless  1 

*-r^  %WW,    Power,    superiority^ 

^^^OBioance;  tymmy,  oppreoaioa.  Snbieet- 
lag,  nbjngtting,  taking  possession  (of  a  aty). 

'^  iaghht,  Cansing  to  err.    Accusing 

^  a  tmr,  i^refaendzng,  schooling. 
y*  %Wi,  Exaggerating,  aggravat- 

Ht  *|grandizing,  thickening.  To  speak 
™Wy.  ♦  Jury U  Jiu\  *  -UU  (JlJUi 


•  !• 


So  his  mother  said  to  him :  Do  as  thou  wilt, 
bat  beware  of  speaking  mdely  to  him  when 
thon  addrmseet  kim,  for  thon  knowest  the  vio- 
lence  of  his  temjier  and  bis  power ;  and  I  fear 
lest  he  make  a  yiotent  attack  apon  thee,  since 
he  knows  not  the  dignity  of  any  one. 

JjJju  UglMty  Shutting  the  door. 

jJU^  Ugkammtd^  (God)  covering  (sins) 
with  mercy  (saying  a  sinner). 

taghmld^  Half  shutting  the  eyes. 


,Jju  taghanm^9  Using  all  the  endearing 

words  and  attitudes  of  loTors.  [h^- 

^Iju  tughanni,  Singing,  chanting,  warb- 

ijyu  taghwijfah,  Seducing,  deceiving. 
Eluding. 

MP 

jJu  taghofffUTf  Change,  alteration. 
Changing  one's  self,  l^^  o  o.iM^rf  Uii 
JUi  *  y  Ip-^j  ♦  l^fTj^U  ♦  Ifi/i 

CJ!c!l»- ,  And  when  she  heard  the  de- 
scription of  her,  she  knew  her,  and  her  coun- 
tenance became  sallow,  and  her  state  became 
cluuiffed.  So  he  said  to  her:  0  my  sister, 
why  has  thy  oountenanee  beoome  sallow,  and 
why  has  thy  state  changed  P 

C^l^  taghayywr&U  Changes,  etc. 

(^;...«;«Jv^Ayfi,  Causing  to  absent.  Con- 
cealing. 
j^    taghfir.    Alteration,    making   a 

change.    _!1  iZ  ?i>  f  r.  U^  S^y^\  \yCfj 

jJc^^  (J^  sj^f  Eestore  my  heart  to 
my  breast  as  it  was,  and  let  my  eyes  sleep 
again,  and  then  forsake  me.  Do  you  think  that 
the  nights  haye  changed  the  yow  of  loyeP 
May  he  cease  to  Uye  who  ehangeth  I 

^IaJ  tmjS^  coU.  Apple.  <U»-U7  htjpl- 
hiffahf  Apple  saooe.  [aelyes. 

l\Ju  tafdkhur,  Boasting  among  them- 

^UJ  ta/Mr^  Commentaries,  para- 
phrasee.    Explanations. 


(92) 


J--tfU5  tafSLAl  (or  JujUj),  Divifliona into 

Bectioiu.    Distinct  diaoonnes. 
J-^U;  ta/ddul,  A  superiority  (in  number 

or  quantity)  oyer  another.     A  remainder,  a 
difference. 


CLJ^UJ  tafSuna,  Difference,  distinction, 
separation,  disparity,  discrepancy,  contradiction. 
^^U;  tafcLwud,  Consulting  together. 
ViS-ci;  ta/attui,  Being  broken  to  pieces. 

-^w  tafaUuh,  Being  open,  unbarred,  un- 
locked. 

Jii?  tafattuk,  Being  split,  broken,  cleft. 
(JsAj  Ai/a«w/,  Being  twisted  (rope). 
*^  '^.?-''^  ^y^^^,  Breaking,  crumbling. 
0^Ai  tafilh,  Opening,  unbarring. 

tA?^  t(rfeUhy  Inquiry,  examination.  To 
search.    ^\^\  j_«^  J|  J^^ljj^ 

uV  t^!^  *  ^3  H/*^»  ^d  he 
has  sent  in  every  direction  to  search  for  tiiy 
son  and  the  Queen  Marah,  and  we  hope  to 
get  tidings  of  them  in  the  nearest  time  and  the 
shortest  while. 

ijfsu  tafifk,  SpUtting,  breaking,  burst- 
ing (anything  sewed). 

i^c^  taftU,  Goat^s  hair  resembling 

silk,  and  often  more  yalmble. 
J-iij  tafiU,  Twisting  (a  rope). 

ijAsT^  tafahhug,  Investigation,  disquisi- 
tion, inquiry,  demanding  information. 

tafakhkhur  (oTji^),  Being  proud, 

wasting,  thinking  yainly  of  one's  self.  Being 
exalted,  honoured. 

tafkhtr,  Excelling  another  in  glory. 
ForeteUing  glory  and  happiness* 

f^i^  tafkhlm,  Magnifying,  honouring. 

^^  W^if^,  Eecreation,  relaxation  of 
mimi,  walking,  riewing,  contemplating,  he- 
holding.  To  recreate  the  mind,  to  amuse 
one's    self,    to  seek  for  amusement. 


desired,  for  my  amusement,  to  Tisit  the  islands, 
and  therefore  emharked  with  a  fleet  of  ten 
ships,  and  took  with  me  provisions  sufficient 
for  a  whole  month.  I  proi^eded  twenty  days 
on  my  sea-Toyage. 

OjsJ  tafmrud,  Being  singular,  incom- 
parable. Singukrity,  separation  (from  the 
rest  of  the  world). 

(jMjij  (afarua,  Judging  sagaciously  from 
physiognomy  or  appearance. 

)ffjSo  tafarrut,  Preceding,  excdling  others. 

^Jaj  tafarru^,  Being  propagated,  mul- 
tiplied (branches). 

^jkj  tafarruffh,  Being  racant,  at  leisure. 

jyiJ  ^0/0rn«^,Discrimin8tion,8eparation. 
ijjiJ  tafrika,  Separation,  dispersion. 

^j^  tafrij,  B«laxing  the  mind.     Ban- 
ishing grief  or  anger. 
f^jAj  tafrlh,  Exhilarating,  rejoicing. 

^^"  to>f^^  Hatching  (birds).  Shoot- 
ing forth  branches. 

^yu  tafrit,  Acting  carelessly,  deficient 

in  the  performance  of  any  duty,  forgetting,  re- 
linquisning,  losing  an  opportunity.  Exaggera- 
tion   and   shortcoming.     Doing  mora  tha*^ 

necessary,  and  doing  less.   Sacrificing. 

<lL4^1,  Then  she  turned  her  face 

towards  her  &ther,  and  said :  Hast  thou  teen 
any  one  who  could  sacrifice  such  a  handsome 
bemgP 

^^  ^a/H^,  Producing  branches.  Being 
produced,  generated.  [veeseL 

^yj  tafrtffh,  Evacuating,  emptying  a 

^jij  ta/rlk,  Separation,  division^  dia- 

.  tinction. 

Uj^  tafinkan,  Separately. 
lL^jSij  tafrik,  Rubbing  with  the  hands. 
fj[ Ji;  tajtic.  Striking  with  terror. 


m    1- 


^^  tafasmh,  Being  ample,  capadous 
(place).  tdwtroyed. 

j^***'  tafas9ukh,  Being  dissolved,  broken. 


0^ 


(93) 


U; 


tafni.  Destroying,  overthrowing. 
CorroptiDg,  nuning. 

j^mij  tafiir,  Explanation,  commentary, 
ptnphnae.    An  interpretatioiu 

£^  tafuiuhf  Displaying  eloquence. 

J^dAj  tafAl,  Distinction,  division  (into 
dupteis),  dissection.    Prolixifcy  in  diacoune. 

Laft7  Ufnlan,  (or  J^«idis]l  ^^J^),  Dis- 

HaeHjf  at  foil  length,  clearly  explained. 

J^  i^addul.  Excelling,  being  eminent. 
To  oblige,  to  show  favour  to  any  one. 

i^\  hjy^\  as^^  ^1  jU^  *  _U  ^yaiu 

4l  li^iA^y  I  am  (ashamed)  abashed  at 

thj  Iffother ;  for  he  has  shown  fnYonr  nnto  me, 
sid  presented  me  with  this  magnificent  present, 
vUcQ  the  people  of  the  eartk  would  fail  to 
procQie;  and  Terily  I  am  very  mnch  obliged 

to  him.   *  L^\  IjM.  ,  J^  C^\j\^ 


,jU  JtocJ^  ^^^MAsT,  And  I  see  that 

t£at  thon  loTest  me  with  the  utmost  love,  and 
thoa  hast  shown  me  every  kindness,  and  pre- 
ferred me  above  all  whom  thou  lovest  and 
desrest  How  then  could  my  heart  be  happy 
vere  I  to  quit  thee,  and  to  depart  from  thee  P 
and  how  oonld  that  be,  when  thou  bestowest 
benefits  and  fiivonn  upon  me. 

\jf^t^  ta/dld,  Covering  or  omament- 
i^  Vy  inlaying  with  silver. 

Jf^  tafiil,  Preferring,  exalting.  Pre- 
ference, pre-eminence.  J^moaiJI  j^\, 
A  eomparative  or  superlative  noun. 

ijw  iafaiiun.  Understanding,  prescience. 
t^kJaAi  taftU,  Snffooating,  suffocation. 

^j^  iaftin^  Ifaking  one  to  understand, 

to  look  at,  or  to  conaider  anything.    Making 
o>s  to  remember. 

^  Ufakhid^  Searching  for,  inquiring 
^il%cnUy.    To  inquire  after  the  health. 


isij  tafakkuh,  Studying  divine  subjects. 
jti^ij  tafkir,  Bendering  poor. 
^j0*Mj    tafJils,     To    hatch,    hatching. 

jlj^  «^  J  {j^fj^  to/kis  dad  el  harir, 

The  hatching  of  silkworms,  which  in  Syria 
takes  place  in  April  and  May,  and  they  begin 
to  spin  in  July. 

<LiiJ  tafltih,  Teaching  the  law. 

ili?  tafakkur,  Thinking,  reflecting. 

CCCflJ  tafakkuk,  Being  disjoined,  dis* 
solved,  separated,  broke  open. 

^,L^n^°"  tafMk,  Difijoining,  separating. 

JJu  tufl,  Spittle,  saliva. 

Jju  tqfl,  To  spit.     ^\  <ti^^  ir^^  f^ 

jl^Jall,  Then  Joharah  pressed  him  to 

her  bosom,  and  uttered  some  words  not  to  be 
understood ;  aiter  which,  she  spat  in  his  face, 
and  said  to  him :  Be  changed  from  this  human 
form  into  the  form  of  a  bird,  the  most  beautl- 
Ail  of  birds. 

^mmIaJ  tafiii^  Being  indigent,  unable  to 

pay  debts.  Declaring  one  a  bankrupt.  Name 
of  a  city. 

i^S^  tufang^  A  musket,  an  iron  rocket 
used  in  war. 

r^yij  tafawwakf  Superiority  over  another. 

J^  tafawwul,  Presaging  happily,  taking 
a  g^ood  omen  from  a  name,  etc.    Foretelling. 

ifyu  tafawwuh,  Speaking,   pronouncing, 
being  talkative,  delivering  (a  speech). 

jyu  tajwir,  Causing  to  boil  or  ferment. 

^^  aaJ  tafwtd,  Committing,  resigning, 
confiding,  referring  to  another.    Authorizing. 

1^  tafahhum,  Understanding,  perceiving. 

jf^^  tafhlm,  Teaching,  instructing. 

^  tik,  Take  care  !  dread !  avoid  ! 

(JjUji    takdhtd,   Encountering,  standing 
face  to  face,  looking  at  one  another. 

JjUj    takdtul,    Contending,    fighting, 
slaying. 

jj  jUj  takddlr,  The  fates,  divine  decrees. 


ji; 


(94) 


>" 


^^Ia7  tal&rubf  Approaclimgoneanother. 
Being  near. 

^ jUj  takHru^  Casting  lots. 

^U?  iaidnmf  Awwdating.  Fdlowing. 
Being  allied.  [anofher. 

wis?   taldium.    Dividing   among   one 

i^\Sj  Uilsdi,  A  mntnal  exercise  of  the 

law  of  repriBal  {lex  ialumi§) ;  a  mntnal  ex- 
change of  employment^  or  the  like. 

I^UJ  (for  ^^UJ)  takAddj  Donning,  im- 
portuning, woiTjing  for  anything  dne. 
JbMj  takatuTf  Distilling  drop  by  drop. 

^UJ  takdtu^y  Intersection. 

Ae\Sj  iakd^ud,  The  state  of  an  old  ser- 
Tant  pensioned  off. 

c^Uj  tukdhh,  Changes,  revolutions. 
The  licuatadee  of  fortnne. 

J^U?  takduml,  Conversing  together. 

ajUj     taidumm,    Bising    one    against 
another,  getting  np  to  fight. 

aJ^U?  taidtatm,  Calendars,  ephemeras, 
Places  of  planets. 

,^<u5j>  iakhih,  Looking  upon  and  stigma- 

tiiing  aa  bad  and  improper.  To  stigmatize 
as  hM.  and  improper. 

i^i-Ju  takblly.'Khaxkg.    A  kiss.    LiJi 
j^^  *  *^^  iij^,  U^J^  lM  J^^ 

^/yLsr',  And   when  he  entered,   he 

kissed  the  eroond  before  him  and  saluted  with 
the  best  scuutation.  And  when  the  king  saw 
him,  he  rose  to  him,  treated  him  with  the 
greatest  honour,  and  ordered  him  to  sit,  and 
he  sat. 

(J^P>Sj  taktll,  Slaughter,  killing  numbers.* 

mS^  takahhum,  Bushing  violently.    Be- 

haring  aniiously  or  importunately  in  any 
matter. 

a-aat^  tak'hlm,  Precipitating,  thrusting 
*  one  thing  suddenly  into  another. 

jJiAJf  taJcadduTy  Being  pre-ordained,  de- 
creed, predestined.  Being  measured,  propor- 
tioned. Possessing  intrinsically  the  power  or 
force  of  another  giren  .object;  being  equal 
'— '^  thing  to  another). 


^/00^  tabutius,  Being  pure,  holy.  Being 

pmified.    Making  one*a  self  dean,  pmiiying. 
Saaetifyiag. 

aSaJ  iakaiiwm.  Precedence,  pre-ezoel- 
hmee,  prafeience.    Toadvance.    ^^\ 

^k  }^  \S^  (^^»  al^i.  tdkadiam 

hmUm  iia  Tafa^  The  eoemy  has  adraaoed  as 
fiu- as  Jaffa. 

cz^'UJa;   idkaddmULt,    The   pluial  of 

a«xa7.    Pieoedences. 

i^jiJ  ialdimaty   The  proposition  of  a 

syllogism.    Bacrifioe  to  God. 
JjjiJ   tnkdid,    Drying  in  the  air  or 

smoking  (flesh  cut  into  oblong  pieces  for 
future  use). 

jiJMj  iaUlr,  Predestination,  the  inevit* 

aUe  decree,  fixed  fiito. 

Cl^l^ji;  iakdhrdi,  Plural  9i  jiSij^  as 

^\  ci^L| J^,  The  divine  decrees. 

^^jiJ  takdiSy  Sanctity,  purity;  sancti- 
fying, magnifying. 

aJ[«XaJ  tdkdim^  (Hving  precedence,  de- 
siring to  go  before,  or  take  the  chief  j^laoe,  pre- 
fening,  promoting.  Proposing,  offenng,  hold- 

ing  out.  ij^  \J\Ss\  \ySi  kaddamu 
a^MmraHf  kattrah^  They  made  much  apology. 

JUj«  j^^  Jc^\  ^  J^lj  ^^ 

JU-  J^  i^  ^  JuJl,  And  he  put 

before  him  some  of  the  various  excellent, 
delicious,  and  exquisite  viands.  So  the  porter 
advanced,  and,  naving  said,  In  the  name  of 
God,  the  Compassionate,  the  HerciAil,  ate 
until  he  was  satisfied  and  satiated ;  then  he 
said,  Praise  be  to  God  in  every  case ! 

imSjOj  takarruh,  Access,  approximation, 

union.    To  approach. 
-JaJ  takarruh,   Sappurating  (a   sore). 

Being  corroded  with  ulcers. 

jjSii  takarrur,  Being  fixed,  established. 

Being  firm,  settled,  confirmed.  Belatlon,  repe- 
titioD,  account. 

i^m^Jo  takrlh,  Approaching,  proximity, 

neighbourhood.  Appearance,  probability.  Pre- 
tence, motiye.  An  offering,  a  sacrifice.  To 
give  access,  to  cause  to  approach.    To  offer  a 


JJC 


(95) 


5" 


Tictim  (to  Ood).     l^j^-o-L^  2l1  ^^iU 

*?  ^r^jL)  ^^.  **^'ji  ^^»  -^nd 
die  Bate  of  the  home  gaye  bim  pennusioii 
to  m  kaal^  and  he  eat.  And  the  matter 
eaand  kill  to  drsw  near  onto  him,  andbeg^ 
to  e^yBwith  oanTenatum  and  to  welcome 
Ida. 

\iji  /oiriidM,  ISf ear  to,  about. 

jljj  tskir,  Strengthening,  confirmation. 

i  unstne.  idation,  redtal,  aecoant,  detail. 
A  oqbMod,  extorting  tiie  truth  bj  torture. 

^^/j  Ubrid,  A  peouliar  kind  of  ap- 

pnbito^  eritidna  of  any  book  by  a  perK>n 
"TpoNQ  to  be  an  excellent  jndge  of  the  sub- 
M  viueh  is  always  prefixed  to  &e  work  to 
vUcbitrdatei. 

fji/j  tAUf  Anociatuig,  aooompanying, 

j«iUB;toge&er. 

o^  kbutut,  Distribating  equally. 

f^  tdauimj    Dividing,   separating. 

Beng  difidfid.  Mattered,  dianpated. 
t^  UhUM,  Division,  in  arithmetic. 

/jj  kkad^itr,  Being  peeled,  skinned, 

mliazked. 
*2iJ  taktkir,  Peeling,  excoriating. 

j-^  <«ter,    A   defect,   error,   faulty 

Wto.   Abbieriation.    To  be  in  fault 
^ii-fiiJ  tftfctfrd^.  Errors,  defects,  etc. 

Jaij  UkaUwr,  Dropping,  being  ready  to 

dropor&tiL 

5^  iffibM^,  Catting  into  many  parts. 

^^■K^^.     Dividing  the  diffeient  depart- 
Bsii  of  any  bnaineaa  among  one  another. 

^  ioiflr,  Distilling. 

t*^  ^^^Ij  The  cesnrsy  or  pause  in 


^^  Uitlf,  Gathering  grapes. 

^-iUS  t4iajkuf.  Trembling  (especially 
'^wM),  chattoing  (Ae  teeth). 

^  Wya ,  Locking  doors. 

S*^  i^Ukih,  A  revolution,  change. 
^^UiJl  l|l  ^yuiiJ  Ja  yanbaghl 
gj**"*"***  *a*a«5,'8he  should  not  be  so 

^iSfaWWd^,  Bevolutions,  changes. 


kUfiJ   iaiaUud,    Giving  an  investiture. 

Putting  a  Bword-belt  round  the  neck  or  oyer 
the  shoulder. 

jifij  takalluf^,  Being  removed,  torn  up, 

^^^  takhh,  Eevolving,  inverting,  con- 
verting, turning  upside  down,  rerolting.  Boil- 
ing, tumbling,  throwing  off. 

.^a7  taihh.  Waxing  strong  (a  pknt). 

jJIj  iakhd,  Imitation,  representation, 

oounterfeiting.   Placing  round  one's  own  neck 
a  necklace,  or  over  one  ahoulder  as  a  baldric 
Becoming  obedient  to,  following,  imitating] 

mimicking.  v,  i,  Jl  jJiJ  taklidul 
self.  The  investiture  with  ti^e  sword  (the 
parallel  ceremony  to  crowning  tiie  Sultan). 

\^lM^  ♦  iZ^\jiU\  ^^\  t^dJjLy^ 

j^i  ^^^o  •  ^5u  WJi  ^ujn 

*  ijL;LiLJl ,  And  I  ordeied  them  to 
clothe  themselves  with  the  long  coats  of  mail 
and  to  hang  on  the  keen  swords,  and  to  place 
in  rest  the  terrible  lances,  and  mount  the  fcirh. 
blooded  horsea.  ^ 

j-^  takn^,  Bemoving,  splitting,  tear^ 
ingup. 

JJij  taiia,  Diminishing,  causing  to  look 
less.      ^^UU    \uij^^   LUi   kaUalnd 

masrufana  lUffhaj^^  We  have  much  reduced 
our  expenditure. 

j-4i;  takmlr,  Toasting  bread. 

\^  tahwa  (for  ^^^\  Kety.  The  fear 
of  God. 

CLyj  takawuna,  Being  nourished,  sup- 
ported.    Qia.  Ju^l  ^^  >  ^  -.  W-  1 

^^  ^^  TiJi  J  J'  ^  ^>5i; 

^^  CiLiij  ^^-  J^,  And  cut 
fire-wood  in  the  desert,  with  the  price  of 
which  thou  mayest  nourish  thyself  (thou  mayest 
fupport  thyself),  untU  God  dispel  thy  dis- 
tress; but  acquaint  no  one  with  thy  history, 
else  they  willldU  thee.  ^* 

^jwJaj  takauncus,  Being  crooked,  curved. 
Arming  with  a  bow. 

^yj  takawwum,  Becoming  constituted, 
confirmed. 

4^^  taktoif,  The  fear  of  God,  piety. 


IC 


(96) 


j^- 


gloiiou  qualities  are  in  thte  united,  ponBcrocd 
of  them  may  thon  continue  to  be  of  fortnne 
the  faTonrite :  Faith,  piety,  glory,  mnnifioence, 
flnency,  eloqaenoe,  pre-eminence,  and  yictory. 

\^^  takawvfi^  Becoming  powerfal, 
strong,  oonrageous. 

4j^  tdhuoiyatf  Corroboration,  confirm- 
ing, fortifying,  restoring,  comforting,  promot- 
ing, prop4:ating. 

yttJ^  takwU,  Bending  the  bow  of 
lore.    Becoming  crooked,  decrepid  (old  men). 

^^yij  takicid,  Substituting  one  thing 
for  another. 

mI^  iakwlmf  An  ephemerisi  calendar, 

almanac.  Adjusting,  fixinff  a  price.  Making 
straight  or  upright.  Setting  in  order.  To 
make  straight  or  upright  To  set  in  order, 
arrange  properly,  to  rectify. 

j^sj  takahkur,  Betiring  back. 
_aJ  taia,  Pious,  fearing  Ood. 

,^3j     takayifuh,    Becoming    purulent 

(wound). 

■I 

JuiJ  takayyud,  Attention,  diligence,  ap- 

plication.     Jui^i  To  give  attention, 

to  dedicate  one's  endeaTOurs  to  gain  any  point. 
To  take  great  care  and  pains. 

0^^^  toityfA,Making  purulent  (a  wound). 

J 10  toMbur^  Playing  the  great  man 
upon  one  another,  bebaying  superciliously. 

ii'lO  takd-at,  A  prop,  a  support,  a 
walking-stick,  a  cushion,  a  pillow. 

c^lO  takatuh,  Writing  to  one  another. 
wlC  takdtum,  Dissembling  mutually. 

^ICl  takdmr,  A  multitude,  abundance. 

Multiplying.  Increasing  in  number,  becom- 
ing numerous.  [other. 

L^j\ij  takdtuh,  Lying,  deceiving  each 

AjlC  iakdrum,  Being  honourable.  Dis- 
daining anything  mean.  [Becoming  idle. 

fJ^Mj  iakdndf  Negligence,    indolence. 

ujLm»IC  iakdshuf,  Disclosing  (their  mu* 
tual  vices)  to  each  other. 

JIC  takdlum,  Bevisiting,  conversing. 


i^^lC    takdhf,    Impositions,     pnblic 

burthens,  taxes,  tributes,  exactions,  oppres- 
sions, contributions. 

JjlC  takdyud,  I)eceiving  one  another. 
lAij  tdkk&yahy  A  pillow. 

jSj  talabhur,  Arrogance,  haughtiness, 

Sride,  loftiness,  presumption,  ambition,  gran- 
eur.     Being  proud,  haughty,  and  insolent. 


^llH  J^  /^^'^i  0  most  ignorant 

of  the  beasts  of  prey,  and  most  stupid  of  the 
wild  beasts,  hast  thou  forgotten  thj  haughti- 
ness,  insolence,  and  pride,  and  thy  disreganling 
the  rights  of  companionship,  and  thj  Astain- 
ing  from  being  adyised  by  the  saying  of  the 
poetP 

ji^  takbir,  Aggrandizing.  Magnifying 
Qod  by  saying^l  ^1,  GK)d  is  greatest. 

c,  ^j'v.Cj  takiib,  Assembling  or  drawing 

up  an  army  in  divisions.  Writing,  teaching, 
or  causing  to  write.  [iog* 

^jr.(.7  iaktlm,  Concealing,  covering.  Hid- 

1^  takauwr,  Being  multiplied.     Being 
enriched.  [multiplying. 

j^^   takHr,   Augmenting,    increasing, 
J^r^  takahhid,  Tinging  the  eyes. 

jjSj  takaddur,  Being  turbid,  impure, 

dark  (colour;  liquor,  etc.).  Being  disturbed, 
afflicted,  unfortunate. 

jj  J^  takdlr,  Bendering  turbid.  Offend- 
ing, distressing.    ^ls)l^J^,  Pertar- 

bation  of  mind.     |i£«^  ^^  v_-^i>f  ^ 

v^yLlsr  lam  ymhah  iUd  takdiran  U- 
khatirly  He  did  not  go  but  to  yex  me  (to  tease 

me).    •c:XjCiUj^lU<l^ 

(l<iU  * iKjLLj  \'.ii,,r:  tsLijoi  JA» 


il/JL  JIjiKj^Ij  J\  «uJfc^1,  And 

they  said  to  him :  What  is  the  newt,  and  what 
males  thee  weep  P  Thou  hast  troubled  (worn 
out)  our  life  by  thy  weeping.  It  seoneth  that 
thou  conceivest  a  longmg  to  see  thy  mother 
and  thy  country. 

Jd^  tak%lb,  Accusing  of  £Bdsehood, 


^jSj 


(97) 


JO 


UsjH  2n  ish-ah  tdlik  tUd  tahlhan 
lisa^miki  I  Si  mat  explain  tfaisi  bat  to  giye 


thslktBlHi 

j\^  tdrir,  Sepetitian,  doing  repeat- 
edly, ow  asie,  ngaisL  [preaaed. 

^JjtaMn,  Being  contracted,  com- 
jjj  Idmv,  Bepeating,  reiterating. 

Ifjjj  tdmfiu,  Being  contracted,  com- 

prased 

fjj  idmrtun,  Being  honomed,  magni- 

ki  i^oified,  omobled,  liberal,  disdaining 
•WTtiuir  bttft.  Hommr,  glory,  nobility, 
4gBtj,  Uienlitf .    To  beitow  great  fEiToan 

iipoo  my  (me.    Jjb  ^  |^ju.«>\j  Lii^Ui 

^tf  She  aaidy    O    my  lord    and 

Bate,  is  the  recompeinie  of  beneficence  angbt 

IttbeDelbeiiee?    Aon  hast  treated  me  with 

^^i&«aB6,  and  bestowed  upon  me  great 
nnui. 

1/^'  ^dlfffnil,  Loathing,  detesting. 
i/j  <tfirir,  Bepetition,  reply,  revisal, 
'enewiL  To  repeat,  repeating.  *^^jj^ 

^  ljb*3j1  ^L^  *)<*^1  JjI,  She 

med  at  him  again  and  again,  and  was  not 
Jjwd  with  contemplating  his  face ;  nay,  her 
Mn  |»r  him  inenased  ezceedingly. 

tri/j  tabu,  Ikying  the  foundation  of 
a  boose.    c^Lj  il;  takrUdt,  Dedioa- 

^/j  MriM,  Honoar^  respect,   rever- 
<*^    To  treat  with  honour  and  reyerence. 

*iUj^b  ^\;^j\^f,  But 

N»beto  Godfor  thy  ««ety!  Then  he 
^'^^^ae  vith  beneficence  and  honour,  caused 
•*todmr  utn  io  him,  and  began  to  cheer 
*  *Bh  eottTersatioa  and  courteiy. 

^"^.p  UArimdi,  Beverences,  salnta- 

"r  [gai.. 

V^  <«bMM&,  Gaifiing,  studying  to 


ZSj  takasmr,  Being  brokenj  spent,  de- 
biUtated. 

j^mSj  taksir,  Breaking  in  pieces. 

(^.^LmSj  takslf,  Eclipsing,  darkening  (the 
sun).  [etc. 

A^m^Cl  taktiyah,  Investing  with  a  robe, 

L^mCj  takshiff  Beyealing,  disclosing. 

fJKj  tdkaffidy  Becoming  security,  giving 
caution  fbr  another. 

j^  iakfar,  (Greek  rov  Kuptov\  The 
Greek  Em^ror  of  old. 

jJSj  Ukfir^  Covering.  Expiating  a 
orime  (doing  penaaoe  or  paying  a  mnlet  as 
atonement).  [dead. 

^jfi^  idkfiMf   Shroudings  burying   the 

L^oE^.7  UkaSlMfy  Inconvenience,  trouble. 

Ceremony,  dissimulation.  Expensiye  and 
ceremonious  obflerrances,  preparations. 

c:.9Uliuf    taiaUufat,    Troubles,    incon- 
yeniences.    Ceremonies,  compliments. 

JK7  takaUul,  Being  crowned,  putting 
on  a  crown. 

JSj  tdkaUumy  Conversation,  eloquence. 
*  Talking.    To  conyerse,  to  speak,  to  relate,  to 

tell.  i5^^V  jJ^  d^  hal  tatakal- 
lam  hil^rahlf  Do  you  speak  Arabic  ? 

Li  ..^Jj^SIIj  ^\  \j\  ana  atakaUam 
hilinglhi  kaltlan,  I  speak  a  little  English. 

Uu^  Jio  takallam  sart^n,  Speak 
quickly,    i^j^y^^  J^  tl^USl  ^1  J 

blla.^-  l^  w4uwuj   Jj,  Then  the  king 

aidLod  the  female  slaves  whether  she  had 
spoken,  and  they  said  to  him :  From  the  time 
of  her  arriyal  to  the  present  moment  she  has 
not  spoken  one  word,  and  we  have  not  heard 
her  talk. 

^M,J(7  taklliy  Calcining.      Plastering. 

i^iJiHl  takhfy  Ceremony.     An  offering. 

The  imposition  of  a  burthen.  Making  a  pro- 
posal, proposing,  a  proposal.  The  casting  any 
charge  or  duty  (upon  one).     A  tax,  a  due,  an 

impost  Ceremony.    \^^  (^^'^  ^Ij 

lfb.>j  31 ,  But  if  I  be  unable  to  per- 

7 


L" 


(98) 


uilJ 


fonn  thy  want;  Qod  impoBefl  not  upon  a 
person  aught  saye  what  he  is  ahle  to  accomplish. 

J«Kj  taklil,  Crowning. 

JJ!sCj  takammtd,  Being  entirei  perfect, 
ahsolute.  [betraying. 

^j^    takammuHf    Lying   in    ambash, 

i^^i^ij  takmll,  Perfecting,  finisbing,  com- 
pleting, satisfying,  performing. 

_IC  takannl,  Being  described  by  a  word 

"which  has  properly  another  meaning.     See 
the  next. 

LjJoT   tdkniyat,  Making    nse     of   the 

rhetorical  fignre,  metonymy  (by  which  the 
matter  is  pat  for  the  matenate,  as  *  He  died 
by  steel,' ».«.,  by  a  sword). 

MiSjtakwlm,  Accomulatingy  heaping  np. 

^Jl^  tahuBUn,  Creating,  producing,  giv- 
ing a  being  or  b^^inning  to,  causing  to  exist. 

i^  tahiyah,  A  place  of  repose,  anything 
"npon  which  one  leans.  A  conrent  of  derwishes, 
Aji  asylnm. 

Jj  tally  A  little  hill,  a  heap  of  sand. 

la>-lLji    tal&hui^    Looking   back  at  one 
another. 

(j>-^  taldhukf  Following  successiTely. 
^J^^  taldshij  Dispersion,  annihilation. 
i^jitlLi  tal&tuf,  Benevolent,  favourable. 
Jfflj  taldtum,  Fighting,  buffeting.    Jisij 
-^I^S),  The  dashing  of  the  waves. 

uJ)/5IJ  Telegraph. 

S^  taldJclf  A  meeting,  re-union. 

J]LJ  til&lt  Hills,  hillocks.  [dents. 

2fiX^)L7  taldmitah,  Scholars,  pupils,  stu- 

«X^)lj    taULmiZf   Disciples   (of  Christ). 

^yj  *  JSlli  l^M  cia  J  J^  ciX^  ^ 

^JU?  dU  \y$  ^J^^l^Jl jJ^\  j^l  i^hj 

iX»jc^tj  jiM^\ ,    And  after   this  he 

remained  a  few  days,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
mercy  of  God,  whose  name  be  exalted !  And 
they  mourned  over  him  and  were  afflicted 
tn  the  utmost  affliction.    Then  came  the 


wit 


disciples,  and  commenced  the  decorous  reading 
aloud  of  the  holy  text,  and  offered  to  Goc^ 
(may  He  be  exalted !)  thanksgiyings,  andiang 
praises  in  his  glorification. 


ijij  taldwat,  Beading.      The  decorous 
reading  aloud  or  intoning  of  a  holy  book. 

^jij  taldwumf  Mutual  accusation. 
(-^.Jj  talbf  Loss,  damage,  destruction. 

^Mj*\7  taJhUf  Dressing,  clothing,  putting 

on  garments.  Concealing  ^the  truth,  the 
faults  of  goods  on  sale,  etc.),  cheating,  de- 
ceiTing.    Failing  in  proring  one's  all^ations. 


faults  of  goods  on  sale,  etc.),  cheating,  de- 
Failing  in  prorinff  < 
Fraud,  fallacy.  A  knaye.    Mixture,  confusion. 


J\3  taloisum,  Kissing.  Yeiliog  the  mouth. 

fi^f^  tayim,  Bridling. 

(^MT^  talahhuf,  Covering  with  a  sheet,  etc. 

^;«^  ialhin,  Speaking  badly,  pro- 
nouncing the  vowels  with  impropriety.  Speak- 
ing melodiously,  reading  witn  a  sweet  tone  of 
YOice.  [tion 

fjc^^s^  tdlkhli,  An  explanation,  declara- 

tion,  a  report  or  abstract  of  State  affairs  pre- 
sented to  the  king  by  the  referendaries. 

J  jjj  UdoMuUf  Pleasure,  taking  pleasare. 

u.flla)ij  talaituf,  Blandishing,  favouring, 
showing  kindness.    iJ  Ulalj  Cj3  J  Jjii 

f^  galika  talattufan  bih,  He  did  so  to  show 
him  his  kindness  (out  of  kindness  to  him). 

CL^UDj  ialatiufdt,  Caresses,  favours. 

c  Qm]n\j  taltlf,  Caressing,  comforting.   (A 

superior)  making  (some  one)  feel  that  he  is  an 
object  of  favour.  Treating  with  marked  kind- 
ness  and  condescension. 

^■ViA !?  tahMMl,  Burning,  flaming.     ^^ 

*  Jjjm4uJ1  lt^.  Who  will  save  m< 

from  the  love  of  a  charming  gazelle,  with  i 
face  like  the  sun;  nay,  more  lovehrP  M; 
heart  was  at  ease,  free  fr^m  love  of  her,  bu 
now  bumeth  with  passion  for  the  daaghier  o 
Essemendel. 

L,i.^til7  tala^(^,  Playing,  trifling,  toying 

u.a)J  talaf,  Huin,  destruction,  killing 
Profusion,  expense,  prodigality,  consnmptioi 

Losing.    ♦  u^j^  3*  (^i^Jj}}^^  ^ 
_5  *  ij:.^iljJi  \u*^  i\^ 


>- 


(99) 


U 


*^li  j»^t  (^ JJ^ ,  Distant  is  the 

^{JitA)uAmj  patieooe  has  fidled; 
bow  eaa  I  winaot  to  them  (to  m  j  beloTed) 
oTCr^ab^oftiwaeaP  Or  how  can  I  be 
paticBt^aiij  rkals  are  ooosomfid  by  lore 
of  her,  od  I  kre  exdhanged  ileep  for  wake- 
ftilaai? 

^^^  ^^  Bending,  taming  away 
(tbe  6»)l  Qnnderiiig  eyery  eireomstaiiee. 

•  a       ** 

^parted 


cdl kgu  to  walk  along  the  yalleyy  looking 
(i^i piaee in  wkidi  I  might  paas  the  night 

^tdgfia,  Firtmnnciationy  expression, 
iitaoiatioo,  ipealdng. 

"^  ^f^/f  Wrapping  one's  self  ap. 
Ba>|  iiTdfed,  enyeloped,  wrapped  up. 

M^'  i^fh,  Phmnndation. 

tdfif,  InyolTing,  covering  up. 
'^j'  Wa,  Sewing  together. 


ioikvh,  Assnming  a  surname 

(«tiUe). 

ifukUid,   Collecting  eveiywhere, 
pi^aia^  v^  (what  haa  &]len  on  the  ground). 

r^  <sfif>,  Qmng  a  surname   (or 

ait).  "^ 

^  iMk,  Liocukting  or  vaccinating. 

j?«J  ^oSfji,  Lutructingy  informing.  An 
"^sj^cting  or  prompting  Wra  voce  (eapecially 
fi  done  to  the  dead,  when  first  buried,  by  an 
^aa,  on  ftc  nbjeeta  of  their  creed).  To 
■tte  repeti,  to  make  aay  after  one's  aeit 

^tiika{(enL  ofCi3i),  That(woman). 

i  J'j  *V*11  iKb^  Ui  falammd 

J*»^A  rob/  mitmA  iala  laKoy  And  when 
»  aw  that  woman,  he  aaid  to  her 

^i  I  m«ittd  at  my  arriTalat  that  town,  being 

e*p  J^  my  walkin|f,  anxious,  sad,  and 
^  My  eonditioa  being  thus  chaneed,  I 
»>9twliither  to  direct  mysell 

^  WkiA,  Indicatiog.  showing. 

'^  Wiali  (or  JuJj),  A  scholar,  stu- 
i^t  Adiiciple,pipiL 

^r  Wiiwwtt,  Pollution,  conlanuna- 
^a.  BoBgiittBed. 


J" 


^JLj  ialawwtm,  Being  coloured.     Bemg 

adorned.  Changing  colour.  Capridouaneas 
or  inconstancy  of  dispoaition,.  TersatOity  of 
character.  [tudea. 

(Zj\jyj    talawwundt,   Changes,  vicissi- 

ci-^jb  talwU,  Soiling,  polluting.  To 
soil,  pollute.  [Twisting  one's  self. 

i^yJ   talawwi,   Being   bent,    distorted. 

dji^  taknyahf  Twisting,  bending,  shak- 
ing the  head,  turning  it  away. 

^^  talwin,  Colouring,  adorning,  dis- 
tinguiahing. 

u^^fli  talahhub,  Burning,  flaming. 

imJtfJ  ialahhuf,  Lamenting,  regretting 
(anything  neglected).    Crying  Ah !  alas ! 

talhl,     Playing,     sporting,     un- 
bending. 

i».  1  j^lj  talhlh,  Burning,  inflaming. 

4^fJ  ttdhtyahf  Loving,  delighting  in, 
unbending  the  mind,  taking  amusement  (in 
order  to  forget  gridf).  Dismissing,  letting 
alone. 

^flj^lj  talhif,  Crying  out  in  anguish.  Ah ! 

^Jjj  talayyun,  Being  softened,  smoothed. 

Being  caressed,  cajoled.    Being  gentle,  placid, 
benign. 

^jAj  talayyun,  Softening,  smoothing. 
Cajoling,  flattering. 

^  tammay  It  is  finished.   This  word  (or 

L^\s^\  jw,   The  book  is  finished)  is 

generally  written  at  the  end  of  a  book,  similar 
to  our  Finis  or  l%e  End. 

JmjUJ  tamdsll,  Pictures,  images. 

J^Uj  tamdfud,  Contending  for  glory. 

i^jUJ  tamddi,  Perseverance. 

{jioj\aj  tamdrudf  Peigning  a  disease. 

^jUJ  tamd%uh,  Jesting  together. 

(jmUj  tamd99,  Mutual  contact,  to  touch 
each  other. 

LlUJ  tamdshd,  Sight-seeing,  surveying, 
▼iewing  (any  spectacle)  on  a  promenade. 

a\aj  tamdm.  Entire,  perfect,  complete, 
safe,  untouched.  All,  whole.*  Finished,  ac- 
complished, performed.  Conclusion,  end,  ter- 
mination. ^Uj  jUc,  Pull  weight. 
/bLCj^ ,  Pull  moon.  ^J  fjjjJ    -£L1  b 


(100) 


tjAJ 


Ll^lby  0  my  brother,  I  have  no 
Airther  waat  of  the  ahop,  for  I  have  aooom- 
plUhed  the  purpose  for  which  I  took  it,  and  I 
giTe  it  to  thee,  with  all  that  it  oontaina, 
lolely  on  acooont  of  thy  haying  oome  ahroad 
with  me,  and  thy  abeenting  thyself  from  thy 
ooontry.  [tally,  completely. 

UUJ  iamAmanf  Wholly,  entirely.    To- 

LL^j\aj  tamdfffut,  Feigning  to  be  dead. 
Killing  one's  self. 

iJjUj  iamdiful,  Inclining,  leaning  to  a 
side,  stooping.  To  incline  the  body  from  side 
to  side  as  women  do  in  the  East  when  walking. 

And  she  clad  him  in  women's  apparel,  and 
said  to  him,  Walk  behind  me,  and  incline 
thy  body  from  side  to  side  as  thon  steppest, 
axM  proceed  not  with  a  hasty  pace,  nor  tsikd 
notice  of  any  one  who  may  speak  to  thee. 

ajUJ  tamdffim,  Amulets,  charms. 

^»AJ  tamattu^  Oaining,  nsing,  ei^  ey- 
ing.   The  income  tax. 

Jll^  i%m9ial^  A  figure,  a  drawing  or 
statue.    ♦j,^^\^^^yj^1^* 

^  JU^,  Then  the  Wezeer  came  forth 

fmrn  the  hareem  and  seated  himself  upon  his 
coach,  and  lo  ]  that  seryant  repaired  to  him 
with  the  ring  and  statue  in  his  nand,  and  said 
to  him. 

(J;m#«j   tamM^  Comparison, 'similitude, 

resemblance.  An  allegory,  parable,  fable, 
apologue.  [etc. 

^  tamOldi,  Examples,  allegories, 

tafnajjud^  Being  Verified. 

tamjidt  The  glorification  of  Ood. 

tamhiyakf  Erasing,  defacing. 

^<X4j  tamadduh,  Commending  one's  self^ 
fishing  for  applause. 

JJuj  tamaddud,  Being  extended. 

l^«x«j  tamaddun,  Settling  in  a  town. 
Ciyilization. 


i^y^  tamdihf  Praising  greatly. 
JptVtJ  Uundld,  Extending,  prolanging. 
jAj  tamr,  A  ripe  date ;  a  dry  or  pre- 
served date.     i^XJbj^ ,  A  tamarind. 

Sj^  tamarah,  A  knot  upon  a  whip. 
Tamratf  One  date. 

«^^  tamamtdp  Being  refractory,  stab- 
bom,  obstinate,  disobedient,  insolent. 

4j^  tamarrugh,  Tumbling,  rolling  (a 

horse  upon  the  ground). 
jjAJ  tamanuk,  Being  torn   (doth  or 

garment). 
(Jij^  tamsslk,  Tearing,  lacerating.    ^V 

If  thou  do  not  what  I  haye  commanded  thee 
forthwith,  I  will  bum  thee  with  my  fire,  snd 
dart  at  thee  my  destractiye  sparks,  and  scatter 
thee,  tom  in  pieces,  oyer  the  deserts,  makisf 
thee  an  example  to  the  stationary  and  to  the 
passer-by. 

•.Uuy«J  iimid'hf  A  crocodile* 

vl^^yiA)  iamassuk,  An  obligation,  bond, 
writing,  instrument  Keeping  ftst  hold,no( 
quitting  one's  grasp. 

lz^MJLaj  tamassukdt  (pL),  Obligations. 
tanuhiffoif  Causing  to  walk,  tc 


^Ar' 


A  ." 


moye  on,  giTine  motion.    To  cause  to  mab 
progress,  to  push  forward. 

Ma 

Ji2^  tatnattur,  Eaining.  Exposing  one'i 
self  to  the  rain. 

\maj  damghdy  s.  t.  used  in  Arabic,  i 
stamp.    A  mark  made  by  a  stamp. 

^^LeJ  tamakkun^  Inhabiting,  taking  u] 
an  abode,  making  a  settlement  Powei 
dignity,  authority.    Haying  in  one*a  power. 

^jS^  tamJAn^  Making  fixed  or  resident 
Being  dignified  in  rank  or  demeanour. 

j;L«j  iamaUukf  Blandishment,  flatteiy 
adulation,  endearment.    Cajoling. 

C^aI  tamdUuh,  Beducing  by  force 
conquering,    taking  possession.      B«comiii 

master,  mastering.  _^\  di^  (Jl  a 


(101) 


^\^  jLi\  yi\  ^^  i^ 

Tha  I  ^^m  to  weep  and  wail  for  myselt 
mtil  TentKHi  orexpowered  me,  and  I  blamed 
sniffer tliat wfaieb  I  lad  doiw,  and  far  ny 
UTngodBtaken  tibia  Toyage  and  fatigue. 

U4J  Umht,  Filling  full.  TamHyat,  En- 
'ypftaf,  panmg.    Pennitting  to  enjoy  long. 

j^/JLiJ  tmili,  Smoothing,  softening. 
ianm^  oat  from  any  difficult  bnameas. 

lXLJ  Umlik,  A  poaoooDJon,  hereditary 
popotj.  ^T^  pooBeariony  making  another 
maiter  of  asjthing. 

^  immmtu.  Being  hindered,  pro- 
UiiiBd,eiiJadedL  • 

^  Ummml,  A  prayer,  request  Sup* 
^iestioBu  ^<««J,  To  Bapplieate,  im- 
plore, to  wish,  to  desire.    Xi^\  JlSj 

^^l^^b^^  J^«d>j,  And  he  said: 
P^tiie  be  to  God,  who  haa  faToured  me  with 
ftithmgEtliatl  deaired:-^flie  tnt,  the  end 
of  die  wtf ;  and  tilie  aeoond,  the  oondaaion  of 
peace,  nd  tiie  preTsling  of  rest  and  peaoe- 

v«uj  Umm^f  Hindering,  driving  away. 

«|4J  kamwwuff  The  agitation  of  the 
nvei.   Uodnlation,  flnetuation. 

j^jf^   Tmur  £hdn,    Son   of  the 

P^naa  Uetarian  Miikhond,  whose  worVi  be 
abridged.  [(July). 

}j^  tess,  Name  of  a  Syrian  month 
I- 
w^^flwiwiW3«ngrich,beoomingrich. 

^  fmamwumj  Bestowing  much  on 

•H^  famaAkitd,  Hiaving,  or  acquiring 
P«v«  or  abvndanoe.  Gain,  the  being  gained. 
B<ai|  idle,  bating  nofliing  to  do. 

;W  imMur,  Being  penetrating,  in- 


IJ 


Ji4^<aMUtJ,?roceeding  slowly,  being 
^'dioM  m  hmiiiieM,  asking  a  delay. 

^  UmM,  IHsposition,  arrangement. 


Ia^^  iamlmat,  An  amulet  or  oharm 
againit  ftmination  or  enchantment. 

Ui^   Umj/ttf  Judgment,   diBcemment, 

knowledge,  prudence,  discretion. 
^^>-liJ   tandji,  Communicating  secrets 

to  one  another,  speaking  privately  together. 

^  jLJ  tanddum,  Conversing  familiarly. 
i^jl:J  iandilf  Calling  to  one  another. 


V 


Ij 


,  Disputing,  litigating. 


Jjl:J  iandtudf  To  descend  gradually,  to 
condescend  to  humble  one's  self.  «Xiu^ 

U^J^I^l^SS?  Jj^l/^LS?  J>"^*» 

JU  »-iJ^^^\Ci^JLfiL>.^,And  after 

that,  it  descended  with  me  gradmdly,  imtii  it 
alighted  with  me  upon  the  earth,  and  rested 


upon  a  lofty  spot.  c:JJ^\  J^  ^  ^Jjii 
ty  ^  \^^j  \5U.1  \iU\  JjU^ 

bJl  c!iJJ^,  So  they  said  to  him: 

Thon  hast  greatly  hnmbled  thyself  to  ns,  O  our 
brother,  and  we  wonder  at  the  excess  of  thy 
affection  for  ns. 


j^yj—yjim,  Being  separated.    Being 
^^>>E«dMl    Being  discerned. 


iUJ  tandsub^  Bring  in  mutual  pro- 
portion.   Graoeftifaiesi  of  proportion. 

^\ij   tan&iukhf  The  Meten^psychosifly 

or  Pythagorean  system  of  the  transmigration 

of  souls.       Lir^UsSl,   The  sect   of 
Pythagoras. 

f^\uj  tandtul,  Begetting,  generation. 

^^\^  tandH,  Pretending  to  be  for- 
gotten. 

jJ»UJ  tandahudf  Bepeating  verses  to- 
eether.  Satirizing  one  another.  Asking  or 
being  asked  to  recite  verses. 

^^cJ  iandauh,  Admonishing  mutually. 

j>a\i3  fandiUTf  Assisting  one  another. 
Conqnering.  [in  a  panic. 

JliJ  tandjur,  Hying  from  one  another 

^^l:J  tandfus,  Wishing  for,  aspiring  or 
panting  after,  graq;>ing  at,  seizing. 

^^U  tanahud,  Mutually  contradicting 
and  destroying  the  yalidity  of  each  other. 

^\ij  tandhwr.  Pretending  ignoranoe, 
denying  the  knowledge  of.   Hostility,  discord. 

i^j^  ianatpuh,  Doing  things  by  tarns, 

alternating. 


(102) 


JjUj  Taking,  partaking,  eating,  receiv- 
ing the  Holy  Commwiioii. 

AjUj  tandyfum,  Feigning  to  be  asleep. 

CXmJ  timbakf  Persian  tobacco,  used  for 
smoking  through  water. 

J.*;J  tamhalf  Lazy,  Blnggish.  Unem- 
ployed.   A  poltroon. 

tanabhuh,     Admonition,     advice. 
Being  put  in  mind,  advertiBed,  roused,  awaked. 

tambtyat,  Prophesying.  Announcing. 

tamhlh,     Admonition,    chiding, 

rousing,  awaking  one  firom  sleep,  putting  in 
mind.    Threatening.  [bitions. 

>l^jyVj>  tambthdt,  Admonitions,  prohi- 

tantifj  Palling  off  much  hair. 

±:J  tanassur,  Being  dispersed,  scattered. 

ajscG  tanqjlfum,  Observing  and  contem- 
'  'plating  the  stars. 

<-4£cO  ianfih,  Prospering,  promoting. 

JuscvJ    tanfld,   Ornamenting   a   house 

with  tapestry  or  painted  cloths. 

.  ■>  • 

^^tk^kS^j  tanjUf  Polluting,  defiling,  {juaf* 
fUfifaSf  To  pollute,  contaminate.    To  pro&ne. 

^^■kflcj  tanfim.  Prognosticating  or  ealcu-^ 
lating  any  eyent  by  the  aspect  of  the  stars. 

aJcJ  tanaddum,  Being  penitent,  repent- 
ing. *  oLtf  c:.^Jo  UIJL«  JJ  jij 
*  ^x^\  JJ  ^jJl^\  c:.^^  i^*^^f^ 

uu:.  uji"^  ^  ^"  c^  ^^ 

Ajii^iU  J^l  u:.Jii,  Had  I  wept 

before  she  did,  in  my  passion  for  Saada,  I  had 
healed  my  soul  before  repentance  came ;  but 
she  wept  oefore  I  did :  her  tears  drew  mine ; 
and  I  said:  The  merit  belongs  ta  the  pre- 
cedent. 

4j  JcJ  tandif/at,  Making  wet,  moistening, 
soaking. 

JjjJ  tanamd,  Descending  slowly. 
Humility.    Condescending,  deigning. 

jrjjj  tanoMzuh,  To  divert,  to  recreate 
one's  sell  Being  pure,  free  from  yice  or  stain. 
Being  modest,  chastc^^j^jcll  ^^  4r^l 

Immutability.     ILs^l  ^  *j^\  In- 

faUibiUty.  ^yi.lj  JU.  Ijb  J  JUi 


j^UjiJjj  f^^j^  |;^^ » -Ajid  then  he 
said :  Arise  with  us,  0  my  uncle,  and  go  forth 
with  us  to  the  garden.  So  they  went  to  ^e 
garden,  and  proceeded  to  diyert  and  recreate 
uiemselyes. 

L-fijUJ  ianasHf,  Emitting  blood. 
JjJjJ  tamll,  Bevelation  from  heaven. 

The  Alcoran.  Causing  (a  trayeller)  to  alight, 
or  come  into  your  house ;  lodging  and  treadog 
him  hospitably.  [ship. 

tanastuh,  Pretending  to  relatioo- 


c— i>u'J  tanaauf,  Throwing  dovni  (wrest- 
ling). 


tanasiuk,  Being  devout,  pious. 

j^M^   tatuumm,   Breathing,     Exhaling 
'  odour.     Smellii^  anything  fragrant.    Per- 
ceiying,  gaining  an  easy  ifnowledge  of  any- 
thing. ^pproYing. 

i,„.g.M<v7  tanslh,  Deeming  fit  and  proper, 

(J^^iAjsJ  ianHk,  Arranging,  disposing  in 
'  order  (a  speech),  stringing  pearls,  etc. 

LiL:J    ianashihfd,  Being  brisk,  lively, 
actiye,  alert    Cheerfiilly  doing  any^ng. 

t-iji?«^J  ^aii0«A«A«/',  Imbibing,  sucking  up. 

IsamjJ  tanshit,  Making  cheerful,  lively, 
brisk. 

(— Q^^rJ  tanshlf,  Imbibing  (water,  as 
idoth,  the  earth,  etc.).  [nostrils. 

(JJ^  tanshlk,  Pouring   oil   into  the 

j»aij    tanasiur,  Becoming  a   ClmstiaiL 
Endeayouring  or  attempting  to  aaaist  another. 
*  Aiding. 

t— iL:J  tanatsuf,  Dividing  in  half. 

^^..djJ  tanHTf  Converting  one  to  Chris- 
tianity. 

^.ByA'J  tanslf,  Dividing  in  ^be  middle 
or  into  two  equal  parts. 

Ja:J  iancaasur^  Expecting,    expectation, 
patience.    Seeing,  contemplating. 

Mi 

calarJ  tanasauf,  Cleaning,  purifying 
one's  self;  being  or  pretending  to  be  neat, 
nice,  clean. 

UaiJ  tantaaum.  Being  arranged,  strong 
'  (as  pearls).    Being  set  in  order,  regulated. 

<^flJa;7  tanzlf,  Purifying,  making  dean. 

A>h.;j  ^onsim.  Putting  in  order,  arrang- 
ing.   ComposiDg  verses. 

ma  _ 

i^fcJ  iana^^umf  BCappinesB^  enjoyment. 
'  Being  happy. 


(103) 


\J 


J^  irn^U,  Shoeing  a  hone. 

JuD  tm/h,  Causing  (any  thing)  to 
penetnte  (into  another).  GiTing  effect  to 
OHBniBdi,  camng  them  to  hare  weight  and 

NRipKtcd. 

jSuj  tatfuTf  krermaa,  avoiding. 

j^  imifir,  Gaming  of  ftight  or  dialike, 

md  to  ddrn^  away. 

^/•iJ  im^iUf  Breathing,  respiration, 
B^faiag  ieeliDgly.  ^jttl^\  ij\i^\ 
MSmjfot  k/  ta  naffui,  Bespirafaility. 
y^tjsj  iatiafiuf,  Beapiratory. 

m 

iJi:j  im^Btakj  A  carpet 

(/bi:J  imfid.  Shaking  (trees).    Beat- 

jaJ  tmfik.  Selling  £i8t  (goods). 

Jlj  Unakhd^  Travellingy  heing  trans- 
poted  from  place  to  place. 

J^  toaUkklf  Being  chosen,  selected. 

^  tanhk,  Extracting  marrow.   Lop- 

m  a  bnndi.  Clesntiiji;,  cattiiiff  off  aapier- 
mn,  polishing.  Bannng  ana  trimming 
V^liteiarj  eompoaitiona.  EemoTing  any 
omaioai  finnia  or  exprearioos. 

trt^  UmiUhy  Fainting  in  colours; 
^▼m^  miooloored  figures.  Engranng, 
enring,  emboaing. 

joJ^j  tmhs,  Loss,  detriment 

^3«&:J  tankt.  Harking  with  points; 
F^ig  the  Towel  point  oyer  eonaonaata. 
^^otong-  [lo  place. 

J?^  Mtilf  Transporting  from  place 
^  Umhyakj  Cleaning,  cleansing. 
^'  ^oaoi,  Tin  plates. 

^  Umkkui,  Oriering,  heing  afflicted. 

/^  tantikur,   Disguising    one's    self. 

j*>-£i  And  he  concealed  his  case,  and 

diinised  Inmaelf ;  and  he  went  forth  in  the 
■M^of  the  night,  wandering  at  random,  and 
■otkaoviag  whither  to  go. 

4^  iMkd,  Distressing,  troubling. 
j^  toaiir,  Altering,  transforming,  dis- 

^  Ma,  Panishing,  chastising. 


ianm%h,  Writing  down,  inditing. 

tatun^ahf  Causing  to  grow,  to 
flonriah. 

jyj  tanUr,  A  portable  iron  furnace,  a 
aabtemneooa  atoTc.    An  oven. 

^yJ  tanatffwu^  Being  divided  into  dis- 
tinct parte. 

jlyj  tanifflr,  Illumination.  Making 
bright,  Inminona,  light    To  light  np. 

^yJ  tanwi^f  Distinguishing,  making 
different  kinda. 

^^  tofitriii,  Nunnation,  or  marking 
the  final  letten  of  nonna  with  t  #  ^»  which 
gifea  them  the  aoond  of  on,  in,  im. 

l|:J  tanhd,  Alone,  solitary,  singular, 
nniqne.  OiHj,  solely,  singly.  Prirate,  secret, 
separate,  apart    PATately,  etc. 

JUfJ  tanhiffoi,  Prohibiting,  forbidding. 

^^^  tantOn,  A  large  serpent,  a  dragon. 

^;ys^\  L^O,  The  dragon's  tail,  a  star. 

^\y  tanwdh,  Being  penitent,  repenting. 

^iy  tawdU^  Pollowers,  dependents, 
.partisans.    Dependencies. 

Ji\y  tawdtur,  Continuation,  succession. 
Public  ramonr.  [tanoe. 

f^j\y  iawdrui,  Possessing  by  inheri- 

jj^y  tawdrud,  Joining,  arriving  at. 

tffl^y  tawdrikh,  Histories,  chronicles, 
annals.    Epochs,  dates. 

i^J^y  iawdti,  Parallel  (lines). 

i^,^\y  tawdiuf,  Mutually  praising, 
describing,  recounting. 

JiMtfly  tawdsul,  Conjunction,  enjoyment. 


Joining,  collecting.  (IX^jIc^  l£.Jlji1 


^^^Is^  ^ ,  I  have  sent  back  thy  ring 

which  I  took  in  exchange  when  we  were  to- 
gether ;  then  send  me  mine.  [ings. 

LzJLaSyt  iawdiuldt,  Conjunctions,  join- 
^\y  tMdiu^,  HumUity. 

jLcly  tawd^f  Promising  to  one  another. 

Appointing  a  time  and  place  for  anything. 
Agreeing.  •  [Abounding. 

Ji\tji  UMdfwTy  Abundance,  a  multitude. 

{jjf^y    tawdfahy    Concord,    agreement, 
good  understanding. 


zr 


(104) 


^ly  iawdhn^    Taxnbling    orer    one 
anothar. 

^\tp  tawdli,  Continuation,  snooession. 
ij}y  tuwdnl,  Delay,  slowness,  languor, 

lassitude.  «^|^)b  h%ld  tawdnJ,  Without 

delay. 

/^\y  tawan,  A  twin. 
i^yi  tawhy  Piece  of  mannfaoture. 
4jy    iatehat,    Bepentanoe,    conyeraion, 
vowing  to  sin  no  more.  iyJl  tj' J'^V 

\jj  klXJI,  Hasten  to  sincere  repent- 
ance with  earnest  oompnnction,  for  Death,  be 
inrei  will  never  offer  ner  hand  to  aasiat  thee. 

^v^y  iawblkhf  A  reproach,  to  rebuke. 
^Ucuy  tawhlkhan,Ia  reproaeh,  reproach- 

c:jy    tut,   A  mulberry.      The  white 

mulberry-tree  constitntes  the  wealth  of  the 
whole  oonntry  of  the  Dnuet  and  Maronitea, 
and  that  of  Antioch,  by  tba  beantifol  si^ 
which  are  produced  on  it. 

\jy  tuty&f  A  fabulouB  mineral.    Zinc, 
zinc  ore. 

^^y  iawasiuk,  Being  confirmed.   Being 
constant,  firm,  steady  in  busineas. 

^J^y  tawiik,  Establishing,  strengthen- 
ing, desiring  one  to  rest  satisfied. 

^^y  tawujfu^,  Being  pained.  Grieving 
(for  one). 

A>*y  taujajjuh,  Turning  the  face  toward. 

Oonyenion,  praying  (to  Ood).  Tnming  to 
go  anywhere,  jffoceeding  towards.    Begard, 

favour,  friendship.  Ui^lj  ^\  .  ^^j\ 

^IrjyuJl ,  Ck>,  then,  to  thy  house,  but 

be  not  long  absent  from  me.  And  the  old 
woman  went  forth  from  her,  and  repaired  to 
Taj-el- Mnlttk,  and  said  to  bun :  Make  ready, 
and  clothe  thyself  in  the  richest  of  thine 
appaxel,  and  betake  thyself  to  the  garden. 

^^y    tawfthf    Turning    (any    thing, 
towards  (any  object).     Pointing,  directing. 


UjS. 


Conferring    any   office.        d^l^^y 

tmBJihat^  New  appointments  to  office  or  dignity 
by  the  sovereign,  mentioned  in  the  gazette. 

^ogrfcji  imifjlhf  Bendering  necessary. 

S>-y  iawahhudf  Being  single,  unparal- 
leled.   Bemaining  separate.  [loathing. 

^Ju-^y    tawdfJimhy    Aversion,    horror, 

Ju>^y  tawhld,  Unity.       Ju:»-y]l  The 

nnity  (of  God).    Declaration  of  belief  in  the 
uni^  of  God. 

^f^y  UMhlmf  Giving  a  pregnant  woman 
what  she  wishes  to  eat. 

M^y  tawakhkhum,  Being  unhealthy,  un- 
wholesome (as  a  coimtry,  meat,  etc.). 

^y  tawaddu^  Bidding  &rewell,  taking 
^eare,  dismissing. 

^JjJ  tof^A^,  Bidding  adieu,  dismisaiDg, 
taking  leave.    .^uJ^  J^  \y>^  \j\  U! 

♦  ji  ^^  4/^v  <^^^  ^^  *  (•♦-^ 

fjLuU  J^t ,  When  they  made  their 

white  camels  kneel  down,  near  daybreak,  they 
mounted,  and  the  camel  departed  with  my 
belored.  My  eye,  through  the  interstice  o( 
the  prison,  beheld  tiiem;  and  I  said,  in  my 
anguish,  with  tears  oTerflowine :  Gamel-driTer, 
turn,  that  I  may  bid  her  mrewell;  for  in 

Sartine,  and  in  bidding  her  Carewell,  I  shall 
Le.    I  am  faithful  to  the  tow  of  lore,  aii<^ 
haye  not  broken  it ;  would  that  I  knew  how 

she  has  acted  with  regard  to  it ! 

When  shall  the  m«  now  kindled  br  separactioi 
be  Quenched  by  your  approach,  ana  my  wish  b 
ftilnlled  by  your  presence  P  and  when  shall  w 
remain  as  once  we  were  P  The  day  of  partin 
has  filled  me  with  terror,  and  has  afflicted  mc 
and  the  act  of  bidding  thee  farewell,  O  m 
lord,  has  increased  my  infirmity  I 

i\jy  tawrdif  The  Mosaic  law,  the  Pei] 
tatenoh,  the  BiUa. 


o«y 


(106) 


ty 


^Jjy    TSrdtt,    Tareomania,     Porthia, 

aCJVaSt. 

i\lj\jyi  l^rdnMh,  The  king  of  Turan. 
Tbe  prepor  Btme  of  many  diBtingnished  men. 

)sj^  imum^f  Falliiig  into  miafortime. 
cjjj  tmmru^,  Abatainxng  from,  being 


(•i^y  tmpriif  Caasing  to  inherit. 
Ivji^  tmprit,  Precipitating  to  destruo- 

»jj^  Uvrtm,  Swelling.    iJ^  jJu  Jij 

4i*Mill^y  And  his    complexion    had 

Hwyd,  Us  &oe  had  beeome  sallow,  and  hia 
fett  nroOea  by  nalking  and  toil. 

mJ  teftnr,  Being  chosen  to,  or  ezer- 
Gaa;  tbe  ofBoe  of  vizier  or  misiiter. 

m 

^^ittwaau^  Diyiding  among  them- 

«ir«s. 

wj^  tawa^  Diyiaion,  diBtribution. 

jry  UuMuuih,  Dirtying  (cloths). 

a^  tawMitti,  Mediafion«     Becoming 
iBfldiaior,  intezeeding  for. 

^y  tawauu^f  Sitting  with  ease,  not 
oovM,   Bflating,  liii^Izfymg. 

J-y  tomumdy  Placing  confidence  in, 
IttTiog  reeouae  to,  reiigning  one's  self  to  God. 

^y  tmmeikky  Dirtying  (cloths). 

o^  UttmH,  Placing  ia  the  middle. 
Dindiag  m  the  middle.    Acting  as  mediator. 

l^  tawa^  Extending,  enlaxging. 

(^y  iawoiktkuht  Patting  on  the  sash  or 

nrocd-belt,  called -l2i^.  Girding  with 
imrri   PnttiBg  on  a  Test 

^yi  .iimiM,   Ornamenting  with  a 
Had  of  any  kind,  at  irith  lines  of  writing. 

if^ji  tmoind,  Being  joined.     Porming 

s  QQMdon  by  marriage,  ete.  Arriring. 
Ittcifing  kindly,  being  affably  easy  of  aocess. 
AStauiBg. 


If  Beoonnnending  to  charge, 
Bating  a  testament.     L^yh,  With- 


But  I  charge  thee,  0  my  brother,  to  conceal 
the  secret  from  my  sistera ;  therefore,  rereal 
not  thy  state  to  any  one  of  them,  lest  my  life 
and  thue  be  lost 

taw9if,  Description,  commenda- 


tion. 

J«^y  <tfi£^<i/.  Joining,  connecting  closely. 
Caasing   (one  thing)  to  reach  or  join  (to 

another.     ^J^^j  ^^^^^  iM\^^  lzJ'j\^^ 

i\jb\  ^1  ^yijy  And  his  goods  are  in 

our  charge,  so  we  desire  to  sell  them,  and  to 
take  a  certificate  of  their  price,  in  order  to 
convey  it  to  his  family. 

^y  tawadduh,  Being  manifest.     Ex- 
hibiting, showing.  [before  prayer, 
^y  tawaddHf  Performing  Hie  ablations 

^^y  tawiih,  Publishing,  illustrating. 

C^Wuy  tawMat,  Explanations,  de- 
clarations, illustrations.  fj*u^^\  ^  /% jJ 

'mZj\:^ji\  haddam  Jlah»an  altawdlhdtf 
He  gave  me  the  best  explanations. 
\j^  ^j^  ^l^U^y ,  Your  declara- 

tions  are  very  satisfactory,   j^  tjJb 

k^i^^   L5*f^>  ^^B  ^^  requires 

explication,    bciiyf  ^jLff!\  2r JJb  kj^^iJl 

\lijl^ ,  I  added  this  sentence  to  make 
yonr  statement  clearer. 

^y  tawai^n^  Pixing  residence  any- 
where.    Fwb  ^^y 

jJoy  tawM^  Joining  firmly  together. 
Making  solid. 

jjy  tawd^^ad,  Terrifying.  Threaten- 
ing. Jy^)\  ^  aS  J^^  2f  jl|i  ^j^J\^ 
Jj^yl  JUL  lI^Lju  CJ^  J^jJLl 

uXJt^,  And  he  sent  to  threaten 

him,  sayhig  to  him  by  the  messenmr:  Thy 
mind  has  soggested  to  thee  Assises.  Dostthoa 
threaten  me  with  violent  words  ?  Either  come 
thou  to  me,  or  I  will  go  to  thee. 


jy 


(106) 


V 


Jfy    tawaghghulf    Basying  one's    self 

seriously,  as  in  study  or  occupation. 

Jy  tawaffur,  Abounding^  being  copions ; 
being  numerous  or  in  large  quantity. 

j;iy  taufak,  Anything  proper,  conve- 
nient, adyantageous. 

^y  tawqffuk,  Being  happy,  prosperous. 

ciy  tawafft,  Paying  or  receiving  the 

whole  of  what  is  due.    ReceiTin^  to  himself 
(as  God  the  souls  of  the  just).    Giying  up  the 

ghost  ^^grjitrf  ^j^^  ^'•^l^  ciy  tawaffl 

walidahu  wa  ^umrahu  aanatlnf  When  his 
father  died  he  was  two  years  old. 

jt^y  taufir,  Multiplying,  increasing. 

JmJjJ  tauflk,  The  guidance,  grace,  or 
&Tour  of  God.  Making  accord.  Grood  success. 

jy  tatokf  Desire,  passion,  concupiscence. 

^^\j  J  tawkdn,  Desire,  inordinate  passion. 

Jjy  tawakkud,  Ardour,  alacrity.   Burn- 
ing.   Kindling  a  flame. 

Hi 

j9y  tawakkur,  Being  respected,  honoured. 
Being  modest,  mild,  gentle. 

^y  tawakku^  Begging,  praying.    Ex- 
pecting anything  to  be  done.  [ness. 

i^Jaytawakkuff  Delay,hesitation,tedious- 

Sy    tawakkl,    Being   timid,    cautious. 

^^j^  l/ju^  Ju!1  j^  JJ  d5j 


ZcyC^  vlA^j  LllA*  <UlA:j  ^l^  ^u]l£. 

And  the  proTerh  saith :  Wboso  seeth  a  hole 
in  the  ground,  and  doth  not  shun  it,  and 
be  cautious  of  adTancing  to  it  boldly,  exposeth 
himself  to  danger  and  Mtmction. 

Ju3jj>  tawkld,  Setting  on  fire,  burning. 

Jiy  tawkir,  Honouring,  revering,  re- 
specting.   Making  graye,  modest,  respectable. 

f^jx^\j  j^y   Jij    hxkd  tawkir  w^ 

ihtiram,  With  all  respect  and  yeneration. 

^Jy  tawkl^f  The  royal  signet  put  to 
diplomas,  letters  patent,  etc. 

cfljy    tawlaf,    Retaining,    detaining, 

preyenting,  prohibiting,  restraini^,  causing 
one  to  remain  in  a  place.    Delaying. 

^yaj  ^J^  i^^ji\f^S0jJ .  Jl^  Yon- 


boffhl  tawkif  adda^ah  lahin  WMuloh,  This 
trial  must  be  postponed  until  his  arriyal. 

^y  tawakkud,  Being  confirmed;  being 
closely  connected,  or  drawn  together. 

J^y  tawakktd,  Eesignation  or  confidence 
in  God.  jy*  !l\^  i^\  Jx  J^yl\  atta 

wakkul  lalul  lah  khayir  ul  wlnur,  Bengnation 
in  God  is  the  best  thing. 

tX^y  tawkld,  Confirming,  strengthen- 
ing, connecting  strongly. 

(Jf^y  tawMl,  Appointing  a  lieutenant, 
deputy,  substitute,  factor,  or  agent. 

jjj  tawaUud,  Being  generated,  bom. 

July  tawliyat.  The  prefecture  or  super- 

intendency  of  the  affairs  of  mosques,  churches, 
or  other  religious  foundations. 

JU1\  ^y  tawUju'l  mdl,  A  father  as- 

signinghis  estate  to  his  son  during  his  own 
lire,  that  people  may  no  longer  importune  him 
for  legacies. 

jjy  tawJud,  Generation,  birth.  Pro- 
creating, bringing  forth.  Playing  the  mid- 
wife, assisting  at  a  birth.  Producing  anything. 

iftby  tawahhum,  Suspicion,  imagination^ 
doubt ;     suspecting,    imagining,     doubting, 

^jjjjj^».l,  They  then  passed  on,  and 

found  a  saloon  constructed  of  polished  marble, 
adorned  with  iewels.  The  bciiolder  ima^nec 
that  upon  its  floor  was  running  water,  and  ii 
any  one  walked  upon  it  he  would  slip. 

M^y  tawhlm,  Oaasing  to  err,  making 

bdieye. 

_5^l|J  tahdjl,  Satirizing  one  another. 

^^l^  tahdrush,  Growling  and  fighting, 

(Jiff  taMni,  Congratulations. 

^jlff  takdwun,  Negligence,  sloth,  tardi< 
ness,  delay,  neglect.  ^\  JjJuJ\  4^^V 
<|J]1^JJ  Ji  ^\  m^\  ^j0iy»\j  Zr^J 

And  the  right  opinion  is,  that  I  should  return 
and  goyem  the  empire  until  God  shall  arrange 
and  settle  for  us  the  affair  of  my  son ;  do  tio 
then  forget  him,  nor  n«gleot  hia  caae. 


J«J 


(107) 


J^^l^  UMwil,  FeazVy  teiron,  appre- 

hanom.  Fkinted  lobet.  Bimoeleti,  jewels, 
BccUaeei,  etc  («  strildoe  with  forpnn,  or 
danlia^  tlie  ejn  of  behoUun). 

^^  tMij,  Being  troubled   with   a 

CS^  Wii,  Tearing  a  Tell  or  curtain, 
■0  as  to  ofm  ^boat  who  an  ooyered  by  it. 

Uf  tai^f  Satirizing,  lampooning. 

js^  tdk^  Bepeating  the  letters  of 
-dtfiJ^i&alKi    Spelling  m  flylUble. 

^UkaiM,  Terrifying,  threatening. 
^  UhMtm,  Being  pulled  down,  de- 

M^  tMii,  Terrifying.    Threatening. 
Uf  Ji^  ^Jly► ,  An  answer  mixed  with 

nenaces.    ^jjjs^  ^^^^[a^Jjbhal 

UkOfwdM  Ukiidij  Are  yoa  frightened  at  my 
tbnteaiii^  F  [vQg* 

«:1J^  ^<^  Palling  (houses).  Destroy- 

wwji^  MiU,    Purifying,    adjusting, 

a^onuQg.  JLo^l  «^^j^,  Elegance, 
or  parity  of  mansen. 

^ju  Uhrih,  Putting  to  flight. 
'fVoMisi,  BelnHtating.   Breaking, 


h 


^  tMshm^  Contempt,  scorn,  mockery, 
■BpDg  to  one  by  way  of  ridicule. 

^  UU^m^  Singing  to  one  in  derision. 
^  <siUMU,BaiQ,perdition. 

,'*/!',  Goretousness  does  not  induce  me 

^  tbnv  B^sdf  into  deetrodaon.  He  then 
■ffnacbed  it,  and,  goxnf  roimd  abont  it,  ez- 
Jjjojd  it  vanly;  and  lo,  there  waa  a  deep 
F»  ilneh  tbe  owner  of  the  Tineyard  had  dng 
^  e>^  the  wild  beaaU  that  despoUed  the 

^  ^MU,  Being  cheerful,  exulting, 
^'"fiittaiiig  up.    CXJuJ\  j^  Uii 

Z^^  '"^  cT*  ^^H)  V'W » -^d  when 


the  king  heard  what  she  said,  his  face  brij^hi- 
ened  ap  with  joy  and  happiness,  and  he  kissed 
her  head  and  ner  hand  by  reason  of  the  excess 
of  his  joy. 

Alp  tahhl,  Praising  Gk>d.     The  utter- 
ance  of  the  formula  ^U\  ^l\ild'ilaha' 

iUa  Hah,  There  is  no  god  bnt  God. 

i^f)  tt^mai,  Suspicion.  A  crime,  fault, 

Tice.  Accusing  one  of  a  crime.  To  sospect. 
To  charge  with  a  crime. 

/^Xi^   tahandumf    Adapting    properly, 
dressing  well. 


idhnl'Otf   Congratulation.     a£«Xa7 

JLifJl  iJ:j\sA^  taidlm  tpAjlbdt  uttdh- 

niyaKt  To  present  the  compliments  of  oon- 
gratnlstion. 

j^  tahawwur,  Plunging  inconsiderately 

into  any  bnsinesa.    Impetaosity,  inconsiderate 
Tiolence. 

jl^  tuhtclr,  Throwing  down.    Tossing 

one  thing  upon  another. 

Jj  Aff  tahwil,  Terrifying.    Terror. 

^^^  tahwlny  Making  easy.     Jl^  ^^^5 

^i\  hawtcan  ^iya  dl  amr.  He  repre- 
sented the  affair  to  me  as  easy. 

ci^L^;  iihfjfdt,  Preparations. 

^U^  tahiyat,  Preparation,  provision,  ar- 
rangement, disposiog  in  order.  Frepazing, 
maung  ready.  To  prepare,  dispose,  make  ready. 

.^V|7  tahayyuf,  Being  raised  (as  dust  or 

anger).     Being  agitated,  moved,  proToked, 
Btimnlated. 

tahayyuf f  Being  hlown  upon  hy 
the  hot  drying  wind. 

iahayyum,  Being  astonished,  stupe- 
fied, taming  pale  (with  lore,  etc.).  Thirsting, 
being  thirs^. 

^>w>g|J  tahyib,  Bendering  formidahle, 
awftal,  terrible,  dreadful,  Tenerable. 

takylj\  Causing  (dust)  to  get  in 

"motion  and  blow  about    Exciting,  enconrag- 

ing.  Baising  a  commotion.  (.Ij3  J  Jxi 

(jmUU    U^L«f^  fai^  s^/ti^  tahyijan 
linnatj  He  did  this  to  excite  the  people. 

^y,J  taybUf  Drying,  placing  to  dry. 
,jC^  tayiim,  Making  orphans. 

^\Uj    tHah    (Persian  word  used   in 
Arabic),  Aqnafortis. 


J« 


(jw-j*  toffSf  A  he-goat. 
jiu^  tay^lTy  Facilily,  rendering  easy. 
jU-j  tlgh&r,  A  water-pot. 
^oLj  tayakha,  Lucubration,  vigilance. 

^JAJ  tayakkun^  Knowing  for  certain, 
imdentanding  well,  exploring. 

^^  tayammum.  Purifying  or  rubbing 
the  hands,  face,  and  other  parts  of  the  body 
with  sand  or  dust  (agreeably  to  the  Mussnl- 
man  law),  where  water  cannot  be  got,  before 
performing  religions  duties. 

^j^  tayammun,  Being  the  receptacle  of 
good  fortune  and  happiness. 

cL^  jy^,  Tlmur  hmg,  Timur  the 
lame,  tiie  famous  Tamerlane. 

^JfJ  tin,  Pigs,  h^  Unat,  One  fig.  a-J 
iayh  (or  j^lfJ),  Wandering  about, 
fist,  The  desert  of  the  Israelites. 


«^,  The  fourth  letter  of  the  Arabic 
alphabet.  It  is  properly  of  the  sharp  Talue  of 
the  English  th  in  thin,  but  is  generally  pro- 
nouncedasa  i.  In  arithmetic  it  expresses  500. 

L2^\5  9aUt,  Finn,  fixed,  constant,  im- 
morable,  invariable.  FroTed,  demonstrated, 
incontroyertible.  [gtar. 

<^15  Bdhitah,  Pern,  of  (jl-oU.     A  fixed 

Jo  sar,  Taking  revenge,  retaliating, 
lolling  one  for  the  murder  of  another.  Retalia- 
tion,  blood  for  blood.    Beb'ghting  in  reyenge. 

aibadawt  akhaza  tSarahuba^  arhitna  taftah. 
The  Bedouin  took  rerenge  after  forty  years, 
(an  Arabic  proverb  expressing  that  it  u  never 

too  late  to  take  revenge).  W  \jJ\  ^J 


^^  J^'j  ciJl^U  ljj>yU^,  Por  he  is 

&e  greatest  of  th^  fiither's  enemies,  and  has  a 
debt  of  blood  agamst  him.  He  then  brought 
me  some  food  and  drink,  and  I  ate,  and  he  ate 
with  me. 

v.^lj  Bdlib,  Sublime,  high.     Shining 

bright.  Penetrating.  v-^W1  ililb, 
Of  penetrating  judgment. 

JiU  idkil,  Weighty,  heavy.     Trouble- 


(108)  JJ 

some,  importunate.  Oppresni^  the  stomadu 
Bright,  dear. 

CJU  Jd/w,  The  third  place.    Third. 

IsJU  9dl%g&,  In  the  third  place. 

j^^sdmir,  Loaded  with  ripe  firuit  (a  tree), 

^U  sdmin,  The  eighth.    L«lj  Mamwd^ 

In  the  eighth  phioe.    Eighthly. 
J15  Bdnh  The  second.     ^  JJJ\  jU 

He  joamered  on  during  the  wh(^  of  the  re^ 
mainder  of  that  night,  and  the  next  day,  unti] 
the  heat  of  the  sun  became  fierce,  and  th< 
mountains  were  of  a  burning  heat ;  and  thirsj 
oppressed  him  most  violently. 

Lj\j  sdniyan.  Secondly,  in  the  second 
place. 

tJL^\^   edbdf,    Permanency,   durability, 

firmness,  perseverance,  stability,  oonstaney. 
d.^^  iubui,  Pirmness,  constancy. 
^JiJkr  uMin,  Thick. 
fc^ Jj  Mift,  The  breast  in  man  and  woman 

bt>j   sadyd,   Having  large   breasts    (i 
woman). 

^ Jj  9udayytU,  A  little  breast. 

\J)  sard,  Opulent,  rich,  wealthy.       Th^ 

earth.  \j^\ij:^^,  taUt^itard,  TTndei 
the  earth. 

lJ\jJ  iardh,  A  day-pit. 

fc^l^  iordy,  The  seventh  earth. 

\jji  Borwd,  "Wealthy,  extremely  rich. 

i^ji  sarwat,  Opulence.    Number,  miilti 
tude.    Abundance. 

i^J  sari,  Eich.  Much  (wealth).  Moisi 

Sara  or  taran,  Moisture.  Dust,  earth.  , 
tomb. 

iJy    surayyd    (dimin.    of    IjJ),     Th 
Pleiades. 

i.--i*S  sa^,  A  fox.    ^jcM)  ^j)j^\  oJ 


3ui3j 


il^\  _i.  And  it  is  well  known  th^ 
some  men  make  a  figure  of  a  fbx  in  the  Tin 


J5J 


(109) 


J*" 


pzd,  and  eren  pot  before  it  grapes  in  plates, 
a  order  that  a  ibx  may  see  i^  aiid  advance  to 
ity  and  fill  into  deslnetion. 

L^U}  M^d/iJ  (pL  of  k.^Jju),  Foxes. 

^Lxj  w^%,  'A  basiliBk. 

^  iv^M  or  Mf^a&o^,  A  yenomous 

lizud  vi&  a  green  head.    A  mousey  a  dor- 


iJju  ss^ZsMy  A  female  fox. 

J^  mfir,  The  fore  teeth.     The  monih. 

.  A  Ing«  opening,  fiasore  or  gap  in  a  mountain ; 

t  namw  psis  between  hills,  bordering  on  a 

hostile  country.    Jj^^j^I  ^  J^^^  Sj 

♦  J*4P-  ^jij  ♦  J-flsT^-iiKLj ,  And  there 

existech  not  in  the  sea  nor  on  the  land  any 
0D£  more  gracefnl  or  more  sweet  in  natural 
ndowneDts  than  she.  For  she  has  beantj 
lad  loTetinesBy  and  handsome  stature  and  just 
forai,  apd  red  cheeks  and  bright  forehead,  and 
teeth  like  jewels,  and  large  black  eyes,  and 
hcaTy  hips  and  a  slender  waist,  and  a  lovely 
coonteiumoe. 

jfi  iughur,  Passes,  straits,  firontiers. 

Jj  tik  (Imper.  of  jij),  Trust  thou. 

oU5  tikdi  (pi.  of  aSS),  (not  used), 
Tbt  fiithfol  friends  and  companions  of  tbe 
proph^  (Muhammed). 

<-A  tak&lat,  Gravity.  Ponderousness. 
DoUnefis.    Moroeeneas.  [to  bore. 

S^  9M,  A  hole.     To  make  a  hole, 

'^niai  (pi.  kZj\M),  Confidence.  A 
^"*J  friend.  [load,  weight. 

<^AU|GiaTity,  heaviness.  A  burthen, 

fj^  SdtalayHf    (dual  ohUque  ease). 

Iks  two  material  worlds,  or  the  two  grosser 
oca  ^  ioteltigent  and  re^nsible  creatures, 
oakind  and  genii,  to  both  of  whom  Muham- 
CHdt  BUBBum  was  addressed,  and  from  whence 

be  is  styled  ^^j-lisJ^  J^j  rauulu'si  sa 
^*^*9S  The  apostle  of  the   two  gross   or 


ii^  i«tti/,  Heaviness,  gravity.  SiOat, 
^snsty,  trouble,  oppiesaiott,  urgency,  impor- 
tunity. Molestation,  difficulty.  Jy^y 

4la!i  •  ....       r    \ 


kum  f^adam  id  muwakkatah  mm  hazih  ateak' 
lah,  We  beg  of  you  to  excuse  the  trouble. 

fj^  eaklly  Heavy,  grave.  Morose, 
severe,  sour,  phlegmatic.    Lasy,  dull,  slow, 

inactive.     ^JJu  ^1   U».  hahkan  an- 

nahu  aakJl,  He  is  truly  very  oppressive.    Yery 
coarse. 

U&i  'edaea,  The  Third  day,  Tuesday. 

*J1U  edaeah,  Three,  a!  Ji^  ^Ij  ^l^ 
Ailj  4^y^9  There  was  a  merchant,  aad 
he  had  three  sons.    ^^,  Ifj^^i^t  \j\ 

tlXJl  ^j^  idJb  ^j  ^Uj J  tJJl\  iU 

jI:jJ  uJDl  ij*^f  I  bought  her  for 

two  thousand  pieces  [of  fold.  I  have  been  for 
three  years  travelling  with  her,  and  it  has  cost 
me,  until  my  arrival  at  this  place,  three  thou- 
sand pieces  of  fold :  and  I  make  a  present  of 
her  to  thee.  Upon  this  the  king  conferred 
upon  him  a  msgnificent  robe  of  honour,  and 
gave  orders  to  present  him  with  ten  thousand 

pieces  of  gold,  ajj  «  h\j  ^^j^  it^ 

Jiill  ^ ,  Three  things  are  better  than 

three  others :  the  day  of  death  is  better  than 
the  day  of  birth,  a  uving  dog  is  better  than 
a  dead  lion,  and  the  grave  is  better  than 
poverty. 

^yij  aaldsun  (j^JU),  Thirty. 

_X  saldA  and  suldA,  Triangular.  A 
three-letter  Arabic  root.    Belative  to  three. 

^h  saUdj,  A  seller  of  mow  or  ice. 

u^^  aalh,  Eeproaching.  Injury.  Be* 
pulsing. 

dJj  »ulu8,  The  third  part. 

^  Salf,  Snow.    -.^  suluj,  Snows. 

aj  aumma,  And,  then,  after,  since.  CL^\s^ 

UyjJl  Ij  J^^^^f  ^0  ^^^  came,  then 

the  women.  [Eighty. 

^UjMmdn^oA, Eight.  ^j^\AJMmanln, 


iJJb  ^^  ^ika^t^l  i»<lfi  tknjih    jAJiamar, 'Fruit    iysj  Mffira^,  One  fruit. 


' 


r^ 


(110) 


J' 


One  fruit-tree.  Profit,  advantage.  \s3b 


mutwak  yahsal  minnahu  tamarah  fjudmahf 
This  purchase  will  yield  a  great  profit. 

^jAJ  saman,  Price,  yalue.     JJi  ^^,  A 

small  price.     Sumn,  The  eigb^  part. 

^^y^\  ^U  ^MH  ouanMH,  Dear,  high- 

priced.    ^jAti\  ^^a^j  rakhsul  toman, 

Cheap.  ^j^\  fP*^  ^adim  teaman, 
Pricelees. 

Jyu  Samud,  The  old  Arahians,  to  whom 
they  say  the  prophet  Salih  was  sent. 

^j^  tatnln,  Yalnable.     c^l^^  c^*^^^ 

\i^  M^!^  t*^  ^^^  MirtiA  yiildaii, 
I  have  a  Tery  Talnable  book. 

U   Mnd,   Praise,   praising;    to  praise, 
speak  well  of.    A  salutation,  congratulation. 

wishing  joy,  returning  thanks.    ^j\ 

wqfibattul  hamd  icauona,  1  beg  of  you  to 
accept  my  thanks. 

i^yj   tanatoi,   Possessive,    from  ^\ij\, 
Two;  and ^f Lit.  Twelve.    ij:^kL) 

^^  yLc  UjU^v*  ^^  U  ^\  J^jJV 

I  arrived  here  twelve  months  ago. 

w|y  sawdh,  A  premium,  recompense. 

Meriti  lirtae.  Any  good  work  (as  worthy  of 
reward).     Having  merit  before  God.' 

M^iac  ^-'ty  lI^I,  laka  sawdh  ^asfm. 

Tour  merit  will  be  rewarded. 

<Oiy  iuwdhat^  A  flying  star,  a  planet. 

Lii^fy  sawdhat,  Fixed  stars. 

im^^y  satvdktb,  Bright  glittering  stars, 
c^y  tatph,  A  robe,  vest,  garment.   \^\ 

0  reckless  in  revelry,  spreading  wide  the  robe 
of  arrogance  ;  headstrong  in  follies,  and  prone 
to  vain  imaginings ! 

•J  »awr,  A  bull.     Taurus,  the  zodiacal 
sign. 

^\j^  sawardn.  Springing  up,  assaulting. 
Exciting  (a  tumult),  raising  (dust).  Appearing. 

Ay  iUm,  Garlic. 


ij^. 


jLj  sHfdh,  Garments. 

\^yj^  Cl)Ls  ^J^\  <^^!^  <^W^^ 

bjjj^  (^U^Sll^,  And  lo,  she  cut 

off  her  hair,  and  put  on  the  appaiel  of  moam** 
ing,  and  said  to  me :  0  m v  husband,  do  nol 
oppose  what  I  am  doing ;  tor  I  have  received 
news  that  my  mother  is  no  more,  that  my 
father  has  lost  his  life  in  a  holy  war,  that  one 
of  my  hrothers  has  died  of  a  poisonoiu  ating, 
and  the  other  by  the  foil  of  a  house ! 


^ 


^  Jim,  The  fifth  letter  of  the  Arabic 
alphabet,  and  the  character  for  three  in  arith- 
metic.    -. ,  in  the  dates  of  letters,  is 

the  sign  of  the  month.  ji>^^  i^jL*,^ 

Jimaiiyyyil  akhir.     U^  jd,  In  dates  of 

letters  this  is  an  abbreviation  of  the  name  of 

the  month.    J^lf  u^jU^  Jerndtiy^/ul 
awwal, 

fJiaJ\  iAp^  jddbatu*Vha^,  The  abdomen. 

j\>'jdhir,  One  who  is  powerful,  mighty, 
proud,  cruel,  or  tyrannical.  A  setter  of  bix>ken 
bones,  a  repairer  of  anything  brokeiL.  A 
proper  name. 

^ji\s^  jdhl,  A  collector  of  reyenue. 

JujI>-  jdiiyat,  Kneeling.  Name  of  a 
chapter  in  the  Alcoran. 

}iCi\^jdda,  A  highway,  public  road. 

^^  jl>-  jdzih,  An  allurer,  what  attracts. 

^^C^p^jd%ihiyah,  Attracting  power,  'what 
attracts.  Attraction,  charm,  grace,  beaaty, 
allurement,  loveliness. 

jls^  jdr,  Neighbouring.    A  neighbour. 

u^  sib^  crHj  ^r-H;  uP^  (^ . 

Good  sense  and  prudence  are  my  diBtinctioi& 
and  my  habit  is  to  use  forbearance  towards  mi 
husband,  contenting  myself  with  what  he  cax 


afford;  and  the  graces  of  a  good  helpmeet  an 
my  nature ;  and  great  is  the  difference  bet^reei 
me  and  my  neighbours. 

'j\p^  jdrihatf  A  rapaoioos  animal. 


,..l*r 


(111) 


fjj\^jSri,  "Bxnadng,  flowing,  proceed* 

log,  paaoDg.  ijF;^  w^Lua^  hiadb 
jarlf  Aceoimt  emrent.  [female  slaye. 

ijjo^  jdriyahf  A  girl,    a   servant,    a 
jU-  jaif  Copperas,  vitriol, 
/•jlsv-jditii,  Resolver,  concluder. 
^^l^;'^**^  (pL  ^j^y>-),  A  spy,  an 
mteUigencer.    aaI-"^  i^^%j  ^\  w 

(rtLr^'  *fr  J'  LT-i^  Wb  Jy^^ 

lJ^S)  LJLii] ,  Then  he  sent  his  guards 
lad  spies  after  him,  throagh  the  sea  and  in 
other  diiectionay  but  they  met  with  no  tidings 
of  him;  wherefore  they  returned,  and  in- 
formed the  king  thereof.  [Doer. 

Jsls^  jdt^il,  A  maker,  framer,   fixer. 

ijils^jdf,  Dry,  withered.    "Wandering. 

jl>  jd/i.  Cruel,  savage,  unfeeling. 
Hoogh,  mde,  stupid.     Unquiet. 

s^ls^  jdlib,  A  merchant  who  travels 
from  coontry  to  country  with  alayefl,  cattle, 
cloths,  or  other  merchandize.  An  author,  mover, 
exciter,  causer.       Attracter,   drawer. 

f^^\  L^ls^ ,  Attracter  or  ravisher 
ofhevti. 

'JU^/aKStyoA,  That  power  which  at- 

tnctB  tad  rsTishes  the  heart,  inspiring  it  with 
love  and  sympathy.  The  import  of  an  article 
in  oommeree ;  by  contrast,  to  export. 

^U-yd/tf,  Sitting,  sedentary.  A  sitter. 

l^MyJ\s^  JatinUSf  Galen  the  physician. 

'^^s^jdmidf  Concrete,  congealed.  Con- 
Gitesi    Rigid,  stiff.    An  inanimate  thing. 

^  x«U-  jdmddna.  Spot  lappets. 

wtU-  jdmi^,    A   collector,   what   as- 

wmbles.  »-^Vsj-  *\is***^  masjidjami^ 
A  great  mosque,  temple,  or  cathedral,  where 

^  prayer  called  iJa^  is  repeated  on 

Fridaji. 

sj^yt^jdmOM  (pi.  ^^^^»**.^^ftS7-),  A  buffalo. 
^j^-jdim,  A  demon,  the  devil.  Jxs^  Jij 

^i  Jlc  jb  jjj  U/t^  ijb  JEUl^  L^ 


^ls)t  ^  i^,  And  he  has  assigned  to 

his  children,  the  damsels  whom  thou  sawest,  a 
tract  of  a  whole  year's  journey  in  length  and 
breadth,  and  that  tract  is  encompassed  by  a 
great  river,  so  that  no  one  can  gain  access  to 
that  place,  neither  any  of  mankind  nor  any 
of  the  Jann. 

.^l^  jUntb,  A  part,  a  side.  ^J^^ 
k^  dUaJy:  ^Uk^a^  C^LJI   i^^LapT 


iLk^\  ilOj  ^  ^^l^  JUJl 

\^\  J^^  ^ji*m2  ,  And  by  the  side 

of  the  door  was  a  wide  mastabah.  The  porter 
therefore  put  down  his  burden  upon  that  mas- 
tabah, to  rest  himself  and  to  scent  the  air. 

^{^[p^  jdn  hdi,  A  horse-jockey,  a  dealer 

in  horses. 

^^j^\>'jdnibayn,  Both  parts,  every  side. 

iflsj-  jdh,  Dignity,  grandeur,  magnifi- 
cence. Place,  rank,  office.  Honour,  reputa- 
tion.   Fortune,  prosperity. 

iib\p^  jdhatf  Dignity,  respectability. 

Jjbl>-  jdhU,  An  idiotf  ignorant  man. 

LSjb\p^  jdhiUf/at,  The  state  of  ignorance. 
The  pre-Muhammedan  state  of  Arabia. 

jA^jdffir,  Unjust,  cruel,  tyrannical. 

Jj  Isj-  jdffiZf  Passing.  "What  passes.  Law- 
ful, legal,  permitted. 

^{p^jdyi^  Starving,  hungry.  uu^i^UI^ 


\. 


iJiJi^\i^\>- 


^a*aa3  Li^-^^bj^^,  1  was  hungry ;  so  I 

ate  until  I  was  satisfied  and  contented,  and  my 
soul  became  at  ease. 

l.^  jubh,  A  well  (especially  without 
parapet  or  cover).  ^\^j.a^\  m^  {jlAH 

^  Jjtii  (j^  ))^  9  So  I  said :  Bring  to  me 

the  wealth  (and  it  was  contained  in  a  thousand 

Sits,  in  each  of  which  were  a  thousand  hun- 
redweights  of  red  gold,  and  in  them  were 
yaricties  of  pearls  and  jewels ;  and  there  was 
the  like  quantity  of  white  sUyer,  with  trea- 


(112) 


mres  snch  as  the  kings  of  the  earth  were 
unable  to  procure),  and  thej  did  ao. 

Ls>*  jaha^  a.  t.  (lued  in  Aiabio),  GratiB, 
iji  Ls^jahdUrat,  Tyrants,  powerfbl^prond 

men,  oppreaaora,  gianta. 

•lis*-  jabhdr,  Great,  omnipotent.    A  con- 
queror, an  abaolute  aoTereign,  a  tyrant,  an 

oppressor,  a  giant    t^*^j^  ^  v:;JU^ 

jj jj*  Jiff!)  JtA^j^f^  (j^^  ^}^^\4^\ 
l^l£ifi>.  ^Jlc  isi^\j  J;*fl^  if^kJf,  And 

she  said  to  him :  0  my  aon,  thou  hast  com- 


mitted a  ereat  error  in  mentioning  the  Queen 

D^ore  thy 
knowest  that  the  Aing  Essemendel  is  yery 


Joharah  before  thy  sister's  son ;    for  thou 


irritable  and  conceited,  OTerbearing,  of  Uttle 
sense,  of  great  yiolence,  and  niggaidly  of  his 
daughter  towards  those  who  ask  her  .  in 
marriage. 

JUs>-yt^d(  Ifonntaina* 

^L>-ya5dii,  PasillanimooB,  trembling, 

abject.  4^V^  jahhdn,  A  seller  of 
cheese.  [rage. 

ij\^jahdfMt,  Cowardice,  want  of  cou- 

^Ls»-  jah&yat^  The  office  and  functions 
of  collector  of  rents  of  property  in  mortmain. 

4u>-  jabhat,  A  waistcoat  with  cotton 
quilted  between  the  outside  and  lining  (without 

the  cotton  it  is  called  ieSjSj,     The 

hollow  part  of  the  head  of  a  spear,  into  which 
they  fix  the  staff. 

ij\i^\p^  jahakhdndhf  A  powder  magazine. 
Gunpowder  in  store. 

jf^-  jahr,  Power,  force,  yiolence.     The 
'  reduction  of  fractions  to  integers  in  arithmetic ; 

hence^^^l  alja^,  Algebra,  jt^-y  To 
force,  compel,  use  yiolenee. 

\j0^jahran,  By  force. 

i^^j^  Jahrdyil,  The  archangel  Oabriel. 

(JL>^j0^  jahrUt,   Omnipotence,  power, 
dominion.    The  kingdom  of  heayen. 

J>f^jahal,  A  mountain.  ^Uaj  ^Sl  UL^L 

(J^\  ^}\  khaUind  aldn  natla^  ila^  ah 

jahal,  Let  us  now  ascend  the  mountain. 

jjM  J^ ,  Gibraltar,  '^j^  J-^ , 

Mount  BinaL     J^^\  i^t^J^^  **^ 


•haifih^  The  Anti-Libaaus,  which  was  called 
by  the  Hebrews  Hermon,  by  the  Sidonian^ 

Sirion,  and  by  the  Amcnites  Shenir^ 
j^\  (J^  jabal  ei'tur,  Mount  Tabor. 
J»«i3t  (Jfpr  f  ^ount  ParmeL 

JEL^  jibtHai,  Form,  creation,  natare^ 

essence,  quality,  disposition,  temperament^ 
constitution. 

A  Ji)u0^  jahaUahUm,  An  amethyst. 

1^^  jibiiii,  Natural,  original,  innate, 

essential.  ^^:4r^  u^]/*^'  Diseases 
inherent  in  the  constitution. 

^^f^  Jubun,  Cheese. 

i^fD^jabah^  A  coat  of  mail,  a  ouirasa,  any 

kind  of  iron  armour. 

J^^^  jabhat,  The  forehead,  front. 

f^jfp^jabhnl,  The  largest  village  between 

Aleppo  and  the  Euphrates,  situated  on  a  salt! 
lake  which  produces  a  great  quantity  of  salt. 

Jtbel,  The  ancient  Byblua. 
j'ahln,  The  forehead. 
^\ls^ju$dm,  The  nightmare. 

Ssj-  jusMt  (pi.  e!-^),  The  figure  of 
the  human  body  (standing,  sitting,  or  reclin- 
ing).   A  dead  carcase.  [dziyer. 

<jlLc?'  jihdih,  Asses.     JahAath,   Ass- 
Ssr^jahd^  Denying,  disowning,  r^iosing. 
js^  j'uhr,  The  den  or  hole  of  an  animal. 
{Jjj-s^  j'ahshf  An  ass.   See^U>>. 
j^^^s^  jahlm,  KelL    See^»:>^>-. 

Jo^jtddy  A  grandfather,  ancestori  fore- 
falher,  father. 

]J^jiddan,  Plainly,  clearly.  In  no! 
shape.  In  earnest,  seriously,  attontiTely, 
eagerly,  exceedingly,  strongly,  very. 

Ifiy  L::^iajw1j,  Then  she  repaired  to 
a  yery  lofty  tree,  and  concealed  herself  la  it, 

j\tXs^*  jiddr,  A  wall.    See  kjl>- 
J\j^jaddl or jiddl,  A  warm  altercation. 
/^\j^jaddm,  The  elephantiasis. 


ijc^jiddat,  A  grandmother.  vju««^w  Lsli 


}j\j  Ijjjl:^ 


s"^  * 


I 


(118) 


rv^ 


And  ▼hen  tiie  grandinoiiher  of  the  kin^  heard 
the  words  of  her  son  Saleh,  she  was  yiolently 
incensed  agsinst  Mm,  and  was  agitated  and 
giiered. 

ijj^s^  jaiaraif  A  scar,  a  cicatrice.     An 
annabinl  excreaoenoe  on  the  body. 

^j^jtAisaiy  The  small-poz. 
J^jL>-/tt&w/,  A  river,  a  rivulet.     The 

smaller  Teiia.  A  line,  role,  form.  An  astro- 
nomicai  table^  an   ephemeris   or   almanac. 

J}-^  I^lac:  '^^  »j^  ^^J^ 
^^j  '>j^  C^  J-.M  ^y:f,  'U. 

And  he  beheld  a  tree^  and  found  by  its  side  a 
stream  of  vster;  so  he  went  to  that  tree,  and 
Beated  himself  in  its  shade,  on  the  bank  of  that 

5treaoL 

i^jdak^  The  sea-port  of  Jadda. 

^J^  jotxi,  New.    iiJ  Jj  J5^  JJk! ,  To 
ererj  one  novelty  is  pleasing.  «Xa!  jJjl^ 

CSz^  Li  ^Jl£  jJJ  ,  God  has  decreed  a 

&rv  life  for  thee ;  for  no  one  erer  arriyed  at 
this  plice  before  thee  aod  escaped  from  it :  but 
pnise  be  to  God  for  tiiy  safety ! 

i^jailr.  Proper,  fit 

A  A>.  panmy  The  leprosy.        ' 

^A>-ya2i,  Allurement,  attraction.  To 

<hiv,  attract. 

^'^,^jmhdtj  Attractions,  allurements. 
;^  /or,  A  root.   An  arithmetical  root, 

iBSBiber. 

^«v>ytw^,  The  trunk  of  a  palm  or  other 

^  A  yoang  man.  The  yonng  of  cattle  (as 
a  bBDock,  three  years  old ;  a  horsCi  two ;  a 
««d,  fiTc ;  a  sheep,  two,  etc). 

'^^jmmd  (pi.  ,^-^J^),  Having  the 


^  «t  off  (a  woman).    Amputated  hand, 
l^pnw  (woman). 

^*^  jmly  Attracting,  alluring. 

n^  ju&r,  Roots,  origins. 

j^J^r,  Drawing,  dragging,  hurrying 
J^^jafling  about.  The  towel  iwsra  C)  »* 
^«B  of  words. 

*  ^i^'i'v-s^tBoldnesB,  audacity,  courage. 
V|;>  /arfift,  A  sodc,  stocking. 


^jp^jarrdh  (pi.  ^y^|/r),  A  surgeon. 
l^\j>-  jardhat,  The  art  of  surgery. 
,^>-\f^  jarrdhl,  Surgical. 

jUs>-  Jardd,   Locusts.      Syria,   Egypt, 

Persia,  and  almost  all  the  south  of  Asia,  are 
subject  to  the  dreadful  calamity  of  those 
clouds  of  locusts,  so  often  mentioned  by 
trayellers  and  correspondents  of  newspapers. 

See  •'^v^kM). 

j\jS^jarrar,  Drawing  anything  to,  with, 
or  after  one.    Numerous  (an  army).    A  seller 

of  water-pots  or  huckets.  jV^5j- JLwwuc, 
A  numerous  and  warlike  army. 

tlX»ly5j-  tiT*   *"*'*  jarraffk,    On    your 
account,  for  your  sake. 

JAjP^jardyim  (pi.  of  j^/sr),  Crimes. 

^j^-  j(iraht  The  scab,  the  mange. 

\}j>-jarhd,  Heaven.     Scabby.     (Fem.) 
Barren  (ground). 

ifUj^-  jarbaza,  Ready  with  and  facility 
of  argument,  the  **  gift  of  the  gab." 

jdrjlff  Rocket  (a  herb), 

JirjU,  George,  particularly  St. 

Oeorge  of  England,  whom  the  Mahomedans 
rank  among  the  prophets,  and  confound  with 
the  prophet  Elias,  as  the  name  Khidir  Elia 
implies,  by  which  they  also  distinguish  him. 

jarh,  Wounding.    Jurh,  A  wound. 

VWlj  JUb  M>'  ^  c^J^l, 

\:^\jt^  S^\  ^\f  They  slew  certain 

of  our  people,  and  the  rest  fled.  I  also  ran 
away,  after  I  bad  received  a  severe  wound. 
The  Arabs -busied  themselves,  without  further 
regard  to  us,  in  examining  the  goods  and  pre- 
sents which  they  took  from  us. 

^^t}jS^  jirdaum,  A  rat,  field-mouse. 

jj^  jart,  Gutting  off,  amputating,  lop- 
ping, pruning. 

ijj>-jur2atf  A  bundle  of  hay,  grass,  etc. 

^j^-  jaroi,  A  bell,   either   large  or 
small. 

m\»,»j>- jtr$dm,  The  pleurisy. 
A^  furm,  A  crime,  a  fieiult. 


8 


C^' 


s 


(114) 


Faultless,  unsuspected.  Jirm^  A  body. 

j^\  (•/Ti  The  body  of  the  moon. 

f^jP^  jirm,  A  sort  of  boat  in  Egypt 
'  which  carriei  an  extremely  Lirge  Uteen  nil, 
rtriped  with  blue  and  browo-like  ticking. 

•jp^jarWf  The  whelp  of  a  lion,  dog. 

T)^  /wrflA  (pL  of  r/r)»  Wonnds. 

i^  jarrdh^  A  jar,  an  earthen  water- 
Teasel,  an  ewer. 

^j^j<'^t  Bold,  braye,  leading  the  yan 

in  battle.  {^}^^i^^f  Magnanimons, 
intrepid  of  Bonl. 

J^^frJ^^^f  Flowing,  running,  pro- 
ceeding,  iBsoing  from,  arising,  springing. 

Sj^-fur-at,  Boldness,  courage. 
^^jarrih  (fern,  Jb<^),  Wounded* 
jj^s*-  jarid,  A  lanoe,  spear. 

jjjP^j'trld,  This  word,  which  properly 

means  a  reed,  is  generally  nsed  to  signify  any 
staff  thrown  hj  the  hand,  after  the  manner  of 
the  Roman  pilnm.  In  Egypt  the  Mamlaks 
nsed  to  make  these  staffs  from  the  hranches 
of  the  palm-tree,  fresh  stripped.  These 
hranches,  which  hare  the  form  of  a  stalk  of 
an  artichoke,  are  four  feet  long,  and  weigh 
fiye  or  six  pounds.  In  Syria  they  are  made 
out  of  the  branches  of  the  oak-tree,  and  hare 
the  same  length  and  weight.  Armed  with 
these,  the  horsemen  enter  the  lists,  and,  riding 
at  full  speed,  throw  them  at  each  other  fiY>m  a 
considerahle  distance.  The  assailant,  as  soon 
as  he  has  thrown,  turns  his  horse,  and  his 
antagonist  pursues,  and  throws  his  in  his  turn. 
The  Dorses,  accustomed  to  this  exercise,  second 
their  masters  so  well,  that  they  seem  also  to 
share  in  the  pleasure.  But  tnis  pleasure  is 
attended  with  dang^ ;  for  some  can  dart  the 
weapon  with  so  much  force  as  frequently  to 
wound,  and  sometimes  mortally. 

2^jj^  jaridah,  A  book,  a  yolume,  a 
register,  an  account  book.  A  branch  of  a 
ptum-tree  stripped  of  the  leayes.  A  number 
of  horsemen  or  norses  (part  of  a  larger  body). 

iUj^  jarifMA,  A  crime,  a  fault.  A 
fine,  a  mulct,  a  pecuniary  punishment. 

*^  jm,  A  part,  portion,  particle.  A 
quire  of  paper.  A  section  of  a  book  (the 
Alcoran,    for    example,    being   diyided  into 

thirty   >-,  each  consisting  of  about 

fifteen  folios  or  leayes.  A  juz  in  other  books 
is  generally  five  leayes,  making  one  sheet  and 
a  quarter  in  quarto^  or  two  and  a  half  in 

folio),  i^j^^  ^9  I^  whole  and 
part,  totally,  entirely^'  in  eyery  part. 


\j>'jatd,  Compensation,  reward,  recoin 
penae.    Merited  punishment 

j\^jaMgdr,  A  butcher,  a  out-throat. 

Jn>- /sidytr.  Islands.   jAJj^S,  Algien 

^f  J^  fiaddnf  s.  p.  used  in  Arabic, 


portfolio.  A  pocket-book.  A  kind  of  hoc 
or  thin  eushion  held  in  the  hand  under  a  she* 
of  paper  when  writing,  so  as  to  keep  it  fli 
and  unbending. 

jj^  jmr.  The  decrease,  or  reflux  (< 
rain,  the  sea,  riyer,  etc.).    Gutting,  killing 

a\^\j  Jji1«L«^Js^,   The    flax   an 

reflux  of  resolyes,  i.«.,  izresolutioa.     Tisear, 
carrot. 

jiua^,   Lamentation,    complain 

sorrow,  impatience.  9j^^j  &J^^  *^ 
After-lamentations  and  groans. 

mJ>-  jmun,  Cutting,  amputation.      £n< 

ing,  concluding.  The  orthoffraphioal  charad 
Jaama  {*')  which  is  placed  oyer  a  letter 
pointed  books  to  show  that  it  has  no  yow( 
Marking  with  Jtuma  or  jwsm.     Bquality 
the  chuncters  in  writing. 

{^Js^  jatman,  Besolutely. 
ji^  jusuo,  A  part,  a  little,  a  few. 
<Jj^/''*^»  A  particle,  a  part,  a  little, 

few.      ijjp^j^^,  In  whole  and 

part,  entirely,  wholly. 
tZ^[JijS^jusJffat,  Trifles. 

ijj9^   jivyat,    Tribute,    capitation-ta 
contribution. 

iji^  jaglrat  or  jmlrah,  An  island, 
peninsula.     j\^  hij^*  jwlrat  rtoi 

The  Isle  of  Aradus.  ^jiy?  ^  aljazln 
Mesopotamia,  being  situated  between  the  t 

riyers  Tigris  and  Euphrates,     i^j 

^yi^9    The    peninsula    of    Arab 

cr^\  j!U!ly  ]j5>-,  The  fortunate  ialan 
the  first  meridian  of  the  Arabs. 

(Jj  >»  yoslZ,  Many,  numerous,  copioi 
great,much.  Jjjs^^^l,  Agreatrewa 

muwaddah/aellahf  He  shows  great  afiTectios 
the  people.      /*5/^|^  uJ^^  <-^dJ-^ 

tmaztl  uahsharaftoalikram^  The  Bight  Hon< 
able,  The  Most  Honourable. 


\!o^ 


(115) 


jJl9» 


Ij^ms^  jMrai,  Boldness,  presnmption. 

L%\m>- jat&matf  Being  corpulent,  large- 

bodiei   Importance  (of  affairs)  in  respect  of 
the  TMtBM  of  the  inteorasts  they  affect. 

\»*^jmi  (pi.  of  oLa>-1),  The  body, 

^jXti>- juail,  Corporeal. 

/^^jitr  Ifi.jyMSP'),  A  bridge. 

i»<*»p- jiuNR,  Abody.  A  mathematical  solid. 

jLiii*;>-/MidfiI,  Corporeal. 

.^M>  ju9^,  Bridges.    JatUr,  Magnani- 
moia   Bold. 


i/>f!^L5**^ 


c  •»>>  )i(tfl^,  Tenacions,  aTaricioos. 
f^^^jnlm,  Great,  gross,  corpident. 
S-^U^/o^-^di,  A  qniver-makM.  Ji^h 
(pL  of  4jtt»-),  A  quiver. 


:•! 


^^  ji^i^p  A   good  and  laudable 

actioiL 

^^^j»lhaty  A  quiver. 

•^  ja^<^,  A  curly  lock  of  hair,  a 
rjt^Iet    HaTing  curly  hair. 

4.'J*>  pt'Mhat  (or  <U*k«j*),  A  bubble 
of  water.    A  spider's  web. 

i^ja^daif  A  curly  lock.  ifjuu»-y^, 
^The  &ther  of  the  curly  hair),  the  wolf. 

^  To  braid,  curl,  plait. 

j^  ja-^far,  A  little  stream,  (i  contra), 
A  lai^  riTcr.    Ja^/arf  A  proper  iiame. 

ij*^jad,  Creating,  producing,  making, 
p'<sem^,  labstitatiDg,  appointing,  nominating, 
uustitutbg,  holdmg.     Beginning  to  do. 


^  J  they  began  to  take  what  suited  them  of 
<^*^  tLings,  and  each  of  the  soldiers  carried 
'-'f  whit  he  could. 

■  '\  . 

"^f^  i^^Jhf^f  Geography. 
'^  pfd,  Trouble,  molestation,  injury, 
3ppreflBiaa,  injustice,  Tiolence.'  fA^ 

*^  *^ *-•  L5*^*^^  (j^ I  ^o^  lo^g  ^hall 

*-^ tYecsion  and  harshness  continue?    Suffi- 
'vnt  tre  the  tears  which  my  passion  made 

naihed.   iz\^  i^J^U^Cs^  ^\ 


C5Ls*l  f^sJ  |%1>5H ,  Wilt  thou  oppress 


thee,  and  nvo  him  up,  after  desiring  him  P 

rfeit  the  satisfaction  ^of  my  Ood) 

if  in   love  I  hare  deceived   tnee,  and  be 


a  friend  who  has  neTcr  been  unmindful  of 
thee,  and  f 
May  I  for! 
if  m    love 

punished  by  abandonment  if  I  have  not  been 
sincere  to  thee.  I  have  been  guilty  of  no 
fault  to  deserye  severe  and  harsh  conduct.  If 
I  have  offended  I  regret  it  and  come  repentant. 
Thine  abandonment  of  me  is  a  wonderful  mis- 
fortune; but  fortune  is  always  catising  some 
new  and  unexpected  wonders. 

iji^Jo^  juft,  A  pair,     c:.^  '*^)j^,f  ^ 
double-barrelled  gun. 

^^^^jofn,  The  eye-lid,  the  eye-lash. 

(J>-jalla,  He  shone  in  majesty  or  glory, 
an  epithet  frequently  aUaded  to  in  the  name 

of  God,  as  ^Ic^  J>-  ii\,  The  glorious 

and  the  most  high  Ood ;  synonymous  to  which 

are  ^L>-  Js>^  and  <OLi  J5>-  jLl). 

L»-  jtld,    Polishing,    burnishing.      To 
polish,  burnish. 

Mr 

4i^)L>-  j'alldh,  A  factor  "who  imports 
cattle  or  slaves  from  distant  places. 

(J^^i>- jtddjil,  Anything  sounding  clear. 

Bells;  small  globular  bells  hune  about  the 
heads  and  necks  of  cattle,  or  round  the  rims  of 
Arabian  drums  or  cymbals. 

Jip^  jallddf  An  executioner. 
iSip^  jtlddat,  Strength,  agility. 

Jji^jaldl,  Majesty,  glory, magnificence, 

dignity,  grandeur,  sublimity,  eminence,  great- 
ness, power. 

iSip^  jaldlat,  Human  greatness. 

^*Jl>-  jalh,  Acquiring,  gaining,  capti- 
vating, conciliating,  attracting.  Exciting, 
raising  a  clamour,  making  a  noise. 

L^\Aff^  j'tdbdhf  A  pavilion  or  awning  of 
net-work  for  keeping  off  flies.  A  long  veil 
worn  by  the  Eastern  ladies.  A  shift.  A 
wreath  or  fillet  for  the  head.  A  decrepid  man. 

^\Ap^julbdn,  A  kind  of  pea. 

J^  jald,  Striking,  lashing,  whipping. 


(11«) 


^ 


JaUid,  StrengUu  HaidnetB.  Hard  lerel 
ground.  The  firmament,  the  expanse  of 
heayen.    Jild,  A  skin,  a  hide,  leather. 

\^Ap^jida»&  (pi,  oiytiAD^\  GompanionB. 
4mJl^  jakatf   Sitting,  one  interval  of 

sitting.  [briar. 

^^mJl^-  ytf/ntiirf fi,  Bosa  canina,  sweet- 

i^^  jUwat  or  jtlwahf  Splendoar.  The 
nnptial-bed,  also  the  place  where  the  bride 
sits  adorned  and  nnyeiled. 

t^Xp^juludj  SkinB,  hides.  ,^t^j^julildi, 
A  tanner,  a  onrrier,  or  dealer  in  skins. 

^^l^  jului,  Sitting,  Bitting  down  to 

table,  etc.  The  beginniog  of  a  reign,  the 
acoession  to  the  throne,  the  coronation.        • 

jalif    Clear,    manifest,    evident. 
Bright,  shining,  resplendent.  [sale. 

i_  -j^'^  jallh,  A  slave  cairied  about  for 

tyXp^jatldf  Hard.  Frost,  hoar-frost,  ice. 

^juA^-jalU,  A  companion,  comrade. 

fjAp^  j'alil,  Great,  glorious,  illustrious. 

jjill  J^J>'  (^UJl  J-b^  and  J-Lp- 

^|yjJl),Highin  dignity.  jUi:)ll  JIpt, 

In  high  estimation.  j\jsSi\  (J:J^> 
Host  powerful. 

Is^-  jamm,  A  multitude,  concourse. 

as^U^  yamqftm.  Skulls. 

Jy^  jU^  jamd%  ul  awwal,  The  fifth 

month  of  the  Arabian  year.     jUif»- 

yi^Hl,  The  sixth  month. 
cUc>-/»md^,  Concubitus,  coitus. 

^\A^jamd^tf  A  crowd,  a  troop,  a  body. 

A  meeting,  assembly,  senate,  society,  congre- 
gation. 

J  Us*-  jamdly  Elegance,  beauty,  decorum. 

c_jIuJ^  ^»^  (iri^  ^^r^  vJ^^«^\i  ^^  fi 

iW\  JU^^  ^^  k^^'  Then  she 
said :  Whence  is  this  handsome  youth  P  And 
she  (the  old  woman)  said :  I  know  him  not, 
hut  1  imagine  that  he  is  the  son  of  a  great 
kin^r.  for  he  is  of  the  utmost  beauty  and 
loveliness. 

jatndhlrt  Bepublics. 
>- jamd,  Congelation^  concretion. 


iyis^  jamrat,  A  live  ooal.    An  eruption 

on  the  body.  A  sacred  solemnity  or  peregrina- 
tion performed  in  the  Talley  of  liuna,  nev 
Mecca,  in  which  they  defy  ana  throw  stones  at  a 
figure  representing  nie  deril.  An  astronomical 
or  meteorolq^cal  term  used  to  signiff  the 
infusion  of  ntal  heat  into  the  elements  in 
spring,  or  rather  at  the  end  of  winter.  Accord- 
ing  to  this  theonr  there  are  three  jamrah ; — one, 
the  inAision  of  heat  into  the  air,  occurs  thirty 
days  before  the  Temal  equinox;  the  second, 
affecting  the  waters,  seven  dap  later ;  and  the 
third,  Tirifying  the  earth,  sixteen  days  before 
the  equinox. 

w«^  jam^,  A  collection,  accumulation, 
assembly,  congregation,  the  total.  A  multitadc, 
a  troop,  body.     The  plural  number. 

f  A  great  multitude. 


4jiA>>'Juin^aty  Friday,  the  principal  day  of 
religious  worship  among  the  Mahometans,  when 
they  assemble  in  the  great  mosque.     A  week 

djjMifl**  jamrat,  An  assembly,  concourse. 
Society,  audience.  [Addition. 

i^AP^  jamais  A  camel.    J^'^l  c-i.'Lm^  i 

Zj^  jumlat,  The  sum,  the  whole,  total, 

aggregate.     iSL^^rU  or    2^4^,  Uni 
Tersally,  upon  the  whole. 

Jy^jumUd,  Congealing,  concretion. 
^y^jumu^,  Troops,  crowds. 

i^f4i>-  jumhUr^  A  republic.  All,  uni 
venal.     The  greater  or  principal  part 

jy^AJB^jy\y  Public  affairs,    f^^f^^ 

jumhUrtyah,  Bepublicanism.    c.f;  «f^ 
Jumhurlj  A  republican. 


jami^  All,  whole,  universal. 
jaml^an,  In  whole,  altogethei 


U^^ 


iliH^l  (JJ  jS^uJui ,  And  now  it  wi 

descend  with  you  into  the  sea,  and  you  will  i 
be  drowned ;  then  seek  for  jourseiT^ 


Lves  csea 


and  salvation  before  destruction. 
^^A^  Jamil  (fem.  i3u.4iSf-),  Beantift 
elegant,  good,  fair,  handsome,  jy 
iL^«^  (or  simply  ^3u4^ ,  pL  v.,*:.  *^4j>" 

Gracious  actions,  good  things,  good   wor! 
benefits,     ^^t^^^  ^Uo^K  Qood  qua 

ties,  excellent  talents. 


••    % 


(117) 


did  good  to  them,  snd  they  retomed  w  the 
revene;  md  sDch,  br  my  life,  is  the  oon- 
doetof  ^  vieked.  Taiu  be  who  acted  kindly 
to  tite  radaerfing  is  recompensed  in  the 
as  the  aidef  of  Umm^amir. 


*lf;j,  Sow  good,  even  on   an  un- 

voitbj  nil;  for  good  will  not  be  firnitlees 
wbercTCT  it  is  sown.  Verily,  good,  though 
It  naata  long  buried,  none  will  reap  bat  him 
who  sowed  it 

j>ynM,  The  genii,  a  race  of  material 
iatdligait  beiagSy  whose  bodies  are  similar  to 

the  eoenoe  of  fire  ar  smoke.    l<^ 

jmif  One  of  the  genii.  ^^\  isj^io 
t^fiu  tljim.  The  race  of  genii. 

^^jmah,  MajeBty,  highness,  excel- 
laieT.  Power,  dignity,  donnnion,  soTereignty. 

^^j&n&Uiiy  Foliation,  remaining  in  a 
■tite  of  BQ  or  poUntion. 

^^^jaxmdi  (pL  oi  ^^)t  HeaTena. 
^'•^^/mdi^Thewingsofabird.  Uc^ 

r^J  <>jl'  ^  ^^^^  ^j^  ^j  *^j 

^,  And  while  I  was  in  this  state, 

lo,  ftat  bird  alighted  jspaa  ^be  dome^  and 
!>rooded  orer  it  niHk  its  wings,  stretching  out 
i>  lefi  bdusd  i^on  the  gronnd ;  and  it  riept 


writ. 


J. 


A. 


md 


>- jindMok,  The  funeral  solemnity 

[words. 


^^jwdjfoif  (pi.  ijLi\)\:^),  A  crime, 
iaiqmty.    CjUl:^\  J^yi*^>  Criminal 


triboasL    CL^ILJ]  ^yU,  Criminal 

eods.  cybUJ^  «^l^^U  To  commit, 
mo  a  crime. 

>m),  a  side*    A  honndarj.     A 


part,  a  tract  of  oonntry,  a  coast.  CL^\3 
i^^'.^\  zatu-l-jmb,  The  pleurisy. 
ii^jannat  and  ^;U^»  Paradise,  hearen* 

^UaU^l  vlA^^  ^/i  iUiy,So,upon 

tbis  the  porter  was  oonfoimded,  and  he  said 
within  himself:  By  God !  this  place  is  one  of 
the  plains  of  Paraaise ;  or  it  is  the  palace  of  a 
king  or  Saltan  I 


^  Jlc  ic^  jannat  ^adan,  The  garden  of 

Eden.  The  Mahometans  assign  three  places 
for  this  terrestrial  paradise:  the  first,  near 
Damascos  in  Syria ;  the  second,  towards  Obol- 
lah  in  the  Arabian  Irac  or  Ghaldsa ;  and  the 
third,  on  a  spot  bordering  upon  the  desert  of 
Konbendijan  in  Persia,  called  Sheb  Bonran, 
watered  by  the  NiUb ;  whilst  others  fix  it  at 
Samarcund.      The  more  ancient   traditions. 


Ceylon,  where  they  say  Adam  was  interred ; 
agreeably  to  which  opinion  the  Portngnese 
hare  named  the  mountain,  where  they  pretend 
to  point  out  the  grotto  and  sepolchre  of  the 
&ther  of  mankind,  Pico  d'Adam. 

9^l5^  junha,  An  offence,  crime. 

i5j-  jund,  An  army,  a  body  of  troops. 

:^  jtrndl,  One  soldier. 

U9^  /MM,  A  genus,  species,  kind,  sort, 
mode.     A  generation,  fomily,  of  the  same 

stodc-     (ji*^\  M^^ ,  A  generic  or  in- 

determinednonn.  ^^j^ui^jtnil,  Generic. 

^j.nnn'-'^  jtfMiyut, '  Tho  correspondence  of 
a  kind,  species,  or  genus.  Nationality. 

^^  i!\  JLy»*ijsJ^,  The  French  nation- 
ality. £jU^\  JUma^U  The  German 

nationality. 
\j\A2i;>- jtmtiydndi  The  herb  gentian. 

CS^  jiMQi  War,  battle,  a  combat,  en- 
gagement, fight,  skirmish,  rencounter. 

•/finals,  The  famous  Mogul  con- 
queror, Gengiz  Khan.  The  khans  of  the  Tartars 
of  Preeop  claim  descent  from  this  monarch. 

^y^januh,  The  south,  the  south  wind. 
Junubf  Sides,  parts^  tracts. 

_)y»>^  janQhi,  Sonthem. 
**  . 

0^u»-  jtm^,  Troops,   Boldien,  foroes. 


(118) 


yb  ^^t^  2rjc^  \jbj^  ^^  ^  l^U; 

,^^  ^  l3^  (Ji^^  ^UU  ^^^, 

She  therefore  said  to  Imn,  0  thou  endowed 
with  comely  qualities,  I  am  the  Qaeen 
Jofaarah,  and  I  hare  fled  because  Salehand 
his  troops  have  fought  with  my  father  and 
slain  his  troops,  and  made  him  a  captive, 
together  with  some  of  his  troops,  se  I  fled  in 
fear  for  mysell 

\j*iy^  juniUj  Elinds,  sorts. 

^y^  junun,  Insanity,  fury,  phxensy. 
Darkness.  c-^LmJI  ^y^«  The  mad- 
ness of  youth,    ^j^  ^  \jL^V'^\j\i 

J^pjJ^^.They  said,  Thou 

ravest  upon  him  whom  thou  loyest.  I  re- 
plied, The  sweets  of  life  are  only  enjoyed  by 
the  mad :  well,  I  am  mad,  then  bring  me  him 
upon  whom  I  raye,  and  if  he  cure  n^  madness, 
do  not  blame  me. 

Jjy^  JanawH,  A  Genoese. 

jannJ,  One  demon,  genie,  or  spirit. 

janln,  An  embryo. 

jaWf  The  air,  the  sky,  the  atmo- 
sphere, the  space  between  heaven  and  earth. 

i^]^jatvdh,  An  answer,  repily.  <^^^ 
^aLj  ,  A  categorical  answer,    i^.^  j\ 

arJuurf  ^\  l^  ^y^  aDLa^f  J^li,  Ee- 

pair  wim  this  my  note  to  your  master,  and 
Drin^  me  an  answer  to  it.  And  he  took  the 
missiTe,  and  went  with  it  to  his  master. 

o\^  jawdd,  Liberal,  beneficent.  Bun- 
ning  swiftly  (a  horse}. 

L^j\^  jawdzib,  Attractive  qualities. 

j\^jttDdr,  Neighbourhood,  propinquity. 
Yicinity. 

—jl^  jawdrih  (pi.  of  ^L>-^  W  jariha). 

Those  members  of  the  body  with  which  neces- 
sities are  supplied.  [girls. 

^J^^  yau'drf,  Female  slaves,  servant 

j\f>'  jawdtf  Permission  given,  to  give 


permission,  to  allow.  Being  allowed,  permitted, 
tawAU.  Going  away.  Passing  by  or  through. 


Jl^/tft^d/,  A  sack,  a  bag. 
\^^\j>' jawanib,  Parts,  sides. 

jib\^  jawdhiTy  Jewels,  gems.  Jaj  Leli 

jJl^  J  jU;^\^1  2f  jjb  ^^  ^  whea 

tne  king  looked  at  those  jewels  uid  jacinth^ 
his  reason  was  confoundea,  and  his  mind  wai 
bewildered,  and  he  said :  Yerily,  one  of  theaj 
jeweh  is  worth  my  kingdom !  j 

jaJchy  Cloth  for  gentlemen's  coats. 


dy^  jud,  Liberality,     ^..c.ii.n  cl/jJi^ 

*  ifjJayj  Lfijy^\  ^J^J^  (JU^ji  ^  «^^aKC 

J^^  lioMCfc-j  uJ)  C^^*  ^7  shape 

resembles  a  fresh,  slender  branch,  which,  if 
required,  giTes  in  to  everything  liberally.  Thou 
Burpassest  the  horsemen  of  the  world  in  ma- 
jesty, and  in  imparting  delight,  beanty,  and 
Deneficenoe  with  prodi^lity.  Cgo<^ 

Sj^  jawdat,  Benignity.    Judat,  Heing 

jj^'jfHcr,  Injustice,  violence,  iniquity, 
oppression,  tyranny.  J  JjJI  c^,.%n6^  ^^ 

^Jly  ifjAJ^  ^LJuJ  4^Lbu»-yb^  cLSJc^. 

And  he  Iotcs  justice  and  equity,  and  hat€$ 
tyranny  and  oppression.  And  his  son  is  in  tby 
city ;  he  is  the  vital  spirit  of  his  heart,  and  the 
fruit  and  ddjght  of  his  liver. 

u>-  Jam,  A  nut.  c^^gV»Hj^»",  IN'ut- 
meg.     ^^XJbj^,  The  betel  nut. 

\j^  jaumd,  A  star,  the  sign  GteminL 
Ij^l,  The  star  Orion. 

^Uj>-  jaw^n,  A  hungry  starved  man 

ic^  jaw^,  Hunger.      Being    onc< 

hungry. 
uJy>-  jawf,  The  belly.     The  interioi 

cavity  (of  anythine).  Juf,  HoUow.  JatcaJ 
Gavi^.    AmplitucKp  capaciousness. 

[i^jawfd  (fem.)i  Hollow.    Extenaive 

j^  jawk,  A  troop  or  body  of  men. 

i3^  jawkaty  A  crowd,  a  multitude. 


(119) 


^if^  jawaldn,    Wandering,    walking 
round.    Hotzon,  agitation. 

Jj^f^junard,  Liberal,  beneficent. 
^i|^y««,  A  bay,  a  gul£    t^^jy^^^'u^ 

JMi-u  kaniaruHf  The  bay  or  gulf  of  Alez- 
andxetU,  vbich  ntnfl  inland  for  about  forty- 
fire  mDes,  and  ia  abont  twenty  miles  wide. 
It  is  Tery  well  sheltered,  and  it  can  contain 
the  gmtoft  UTy  in  the  world. 

^f^jmhsfy  A  gem,  a  jewel.     Matter, 

BobBtance,  essence.  \Jj^^y  jtMhari, 
Substantial,  enential,  natural. 

^^f:  i^olairjl^  A  dealer  in  precious 

'itooei,  a  jeweller. 

olp-yOdj,  The  faces,  the  surfaces. 

jtp*  jxhidiy  An  endeavour,  effort.      A 
gallant  exploit    War,  battle,  combat  (eepe- 

ciallj    against    infidels).       t^^^^i 

/t%a<^,Belongingto  religious  war.  ^/w^j 

fjjlfs'l  JU-^',  ra^isiulrydJat  jihA-^ 
itah.  The  major-general  of  the  Egyptian  army. 

^jy^jihdran,  Publicly. 

jif>  jakiU,  Paraphernalia,  or  portion 
given  with  a  daughter,  effects  in  the  disposal 
of  a  wife,  whatever  a  bride  brings  to  her 
biisbaad*8  house. 

Jlfv)iKAAa/  (pi.).  Ignorant  (men). 
^W/dAdla^,  Being  ignorant,  ignorance. 

0  reckless  in  reVeliT,  spreading  wide  the  robe 
of  arrogance :  heamtrong  in  follies,  and  prone 
to  Tain  imaginings ! 

^jihai,  The  side,  face,  surface,  form, 
h^koLf  manner,  mode,  reason,  regard,  respect. 

•Xp-  jM,  An  endeaTour,  effort,  attmpt. 
Care,  bboor,  study,,  diligence.  Fatigve, 
iffictioa.    Power,  strength,  rigour. 

jPrj^i  Public,  evident,  manifest.  Be- 

v^afing,  declaring,  publishing.  Beholding,  i>er- 
c«i^,  seeing  clear  through  every  perplexity. 

l;fr /■*"»*>  Publicly,  evidently,  with 
a  dear  voioe.  \  4^^  \j^,  Privately 
ud pnbKdy.  iAs^C^\iJ ,JLlc1  J  ^Ui 


should  I  abstain  from  praising  thee  as  thou 
deserrest,  and  lauding  thee  both  privately  and 
publicly  P  Truly,  I  will  thank  thee  for  thy 
beneflts  conferred  upon  me ;  they  will  relieve 
my  sorrow,  though  tney  are  heavy  to  my  back. 

ij^jahratj  Open,  conspicuous.  Jahratant 

PubUcly. 

ij^  juhrahf  Yellow  berries. 

(^^p^jahl,  Ignorance. 
H^  juhald  (pi.).  Ignorant. 
11^  jahalat,  Ignorant.     Many  fools. 
jS^jahanrum,  Hell,  the  infernal  fire. 
S^  Jjbl,  The  inhabitants  of  hell, 

the  damned. 
^4^^  jahannamJ,  Infernal. 

'''i^\  iU  layhituTjuhnl,  The  twenty- 
thi^  night  of  the  month,  Samadan^  esteemed 
fortunate  for  those  who  pray. 

J^^jahiU,  Extremely  ignorant. 
cljr»- y^yya^.  Hungry,  s.  p.  of  ^J^yr- 

j^ytflsj-  jthnnf  The  river  Jihon  or 
Bactrus. 

Ju5»-  jayytd,  Anything  elegant  or  ex- 
cellent. Fair,  good,  t/ ji\  J^^  ^ 
JJl^  Jrjj  ^  uXL.^  d]j^\ 

j^  J^  ^jir*  ^-^^  y^^ »  T^®  ™*" 

who  purchased  me  u  a  great  kin^,  and  a  man  of 
great  wisdom,  generous,  and  of  the  utmost  libe- 
rality. He  has  treated  me  with  great  honour, 
and  ne  is  distinguished  and  animated  by  the 
most  noble  feelings,  and  of  great  wealth. 

^jtPr  j^^^^f  Neighbours. 

JJJU-5J-  jaysh,  An  army,  soldiery.    ^\  ^ 

aIj&\  \dJb  i^^-wAj ,  Then  the  king  was 


perplexed  at  his  situation,  and  in  ^eat  fear  on 
discovering  that  the  coming  of  this  army  was 
on  account  of  this  young  man. 


jayfat,  A  carcase,  a  corpse. 
jnyHkb  (pi.  of  t-^--^)>  Pockets. 
^^y^ jwyiUh,  Armies,  forces,  troops. 
^j*s)\^l,  The  general  of  the  army. 


JU> 


(120) 


.  hd  or  hs,  The  idzth  letter  of  the 
Arabic  alphabet,  and  the  character  for  ei^ht 
in  arithmetic.  This  letter  has  the  yalue  or  an 
aspirated  h  in  English,  with  the  difference 
that  it  is  always  aspirated,  in  whatever  posi- 
tion it  may  occupy,  whether  at  the  beginning, 
in  the  miodle,  or  at  the  end  of  words.  Com- 
pared with  g,  which  is  also  an  h,  it  is 

a  hard  consonant,  and  is  consequently  asso- 
ciated with  hard  yowels. 

Mj\s>^  hdfim,  A  judge;  rendering  neces- 
sary.   A  liberal  num.    A  proper  name. 

-^U-  hdj,  A  pilgrim  to  Mecca. 

dJU-l^  hdj&t,  Necessaries,  wants. 

c.j^^U-  hdjih,  A  porter,  a  groom,  or 
door-keeper  of  the  king's  bed-chamber.  An 
eye-brow.     A  chamberlain.    1^9  JLas 

aU^I  ^\ ,  Bat  the  chamberlain  met 

her,  and  said  to  her,  Whither  art  thou  going  P 
and  she  answered.  To  the  bath. 

to"U-  hdj'at,  Necessity,  want,  poverty. 
Any  unayoidable  business  (going  to  the  neces- 
sary).    Hope,  wish.     ^  ^J^l  UU 

I  am  most  fit  to  conceal  thy  secret,  and  to 
accomplish  thy  business,  and  bear  thy  letters. 

^\^  hdjfat,  A  female  pDgrim  to  Mecca. 
J^U-  hdjh,  Hindering,  jMreyenting. 
jU.  had  (fem.   i^jU-    hddah),   Sharp, 

acute,     jf  jl».  ^^^jt  An  acute  angle. 

Ij|^jJI  jU-  CJlI^,  An  acute-angled 

triangle.    ^ jU-  hdddijfah,  Sharpness, 
acutenesB.       **  [Casual. 

d^jW   hddis,  New,    just  appearing. 

iJ  jU-  hddiiat  (pi.  CjU jU. ),  A  novelty, 
on  eyent,  an  accident.    A  nusfortune. 

^^  jI».  hddi,  A  conductor,  director,  leader 

of  camels.   Wary.  One.    JU^^jU., 
Eleyen.  "^ 

JjU*  hdzik,  Ingenious,  skilful,  intelli- 
gent,  penetrating,   excelling.      Tart,   sour, 

sharp,  acute,    lo^  Jjl»-  <_  -n nW  \JJb 

hata  tablb  hazik  jiddan^  This  is  a  yery  deyer 
doctor. 


^jI»>  hdMyahy  Ingeniousness,  skil 
fulness,  intelligence,  penetration,  sharpoea 
Bcuteneas. 

jU-  h&Ty  Warm,  hot,  sultry. 

j;W.  hdrat^  A  district.     A  quarter  in  i 

town.  *^^^  ij^'  hdrat  el-yahud 
The  quarter  of  the  Jews. 

(jMj\>-  hdriiy  A  governor,  oommandei 
protector,  defender.    A  sentineL 

^^l^-  hdrik,  Burning,  ardent.     ^J^ 

hArikiyahf  The  burning  power  of  the  fixe,  ( 
the  sun. 

UV^  Aariin,  A  restive  horse. 

Aj\^hd»im,  Besolute.  ^U^U-  hdtmiyd 
fiesolyedness. 

J^l>-  hdnd,  Envious.     ^xAa^  hdsidi 
^_  *• 

yaA,   The  facility  or  fiiculty  of  conceivinj 

envy  against  another.  ^.X^Vf  f  «j|^ 
tarliul  haaidiyah^  One  who  is  yery  prone  am 

quick    in    conceiving    envy.         _I 

^Ju.)W1  huUl  al  hdsidtyah,  One  wh 
is  envious  against  every  one.     ^Jy 

^JudWl  ^fidlm  al-hdiidiyiih,  Onewhi 
naturally  does  not  feel  envy.      d'j.^ 

lanalhatidiyah  toiU  maktudiyah^  One  who  i 
naturally  fiiee  and  exempt  from  oonceim 
enyy,  and  from  being  subject  to  being  enriet 
One  who  cannot  envy  nor  be  enyied  (God). 

^U^l>-    hdsiifah,     Sensibility.         a^Ju 

^UmjLs^I  ^dlmtd  hdnyahy  Senseless 
^LwU-  Jij  hlcfd  hdnydhy  Sensitivel} 
^UmjWI  aJlb  ^adamul  hdstyah.  Sense 

lessness.  «^ju)liv.^gx  ^^  mm  gha^ 
katiyah.  Senseless. 

UU-  hdahd,  God  forbid !  let  it  not  be 

in  no  shape !     Heayen  forbid  that 

Saying  or  excepting  your  reyerence,  with  snl 

mission  to  you.    \^  JlSj  \^\  j^saj  m 

*^,  Then  he  drew  near  to  her  an 

said:  May  heayen  ayert  and  angels  preeen 
thy  &ther  from  beiug  afflicted  with  eyil  o 
thy  account 

JyS»l^  hdshid,  Beady,  prepared. 
£jil^  hdihiyah,  A  margin,  brink,  edg< 


ju. 


A  border.  The  Kem  of  a  garment.  A  mar- 
giul  Dote.    Men  of  inferior  rank. 

jLfU.  Msid,  A  reaper,  a  mower. 

^U-  hdiir,  Blocking  up.    A  restrainer, 
an  astringent    A  calculator,  a  numberer. 

Jitfla^  hdtH,  Produce,  whatever  is  ga- 
thoed  (ai  eom,  fruits,  etc.).  Profit,  advan- 
tage, atUily,  conyeniency.  Kemainder,  residue. 
Toe  film,  eod,  conclusion. 

^lLU^  kSsUiyahf  The  result,  what  is 
prodneed  from  another  thing. 

jtf  U-  idm,  A  chaste  woman. 
jJU  hddir,   Present,   ready,  prompt, 
comiDg  or  standing  before,  jmm^^  ,  To 

appear  before,  to  be  present.  Jl^lJ^U* , 
freaent  and  seeing,  one  of  the  attributes  of  God. 
•^U  hdfid,  A  grandson. 

yl>*  hdfir,  A  nail,  a  daw. 

a3\>-  hdfa,  A  guardian,  a  commander, 
goTeraor,  conservator,  keeper,  observer.     A 

^l>>  hdjkai,  A  female  guardian. 

^l>>  hdfiii^ah,  The  retentive  power, 
the  memorjr,  the  facility  of  learning  by  heart. 
jiv»-  Ad/l,  Barefoot, 

^JWteibn,  HJaving  a  retention  of  urine. 

«^U^  hdkim,  One  of  the  attributes  of 
God.  A  sovereign,  a  prince,  a  lord,  a  judge,  a 
governor,  a  commander,  a  president,  an  arbi- 
txitor,  administrator,  any  person  invested  with 

power,  a  magistrate.      ^|;^V  f^^^ 

^ikim  bwmr  tUah^  or  the  Commander  by 
the  order  of  God.  This  was  the  third  Fatimito 
Caliph  in  Ecypt,  who  declared  himself  an  in- 
^^nate  Go^  and  set  fire  to  Cairo  for  his 
sanaement  He  ia  the  god  of  the  Druzes, 
▼hovonhip  him  under  the  name  of  T?^  Com- 
"w«^  hff  hit  cum  ord&r,  instead  of  that  of 
Ooeamr  6f  the  ortUr  of  CM. 

^'^S\j>'  hdkinuti,  A  lady,  a  princess. 

J^)l  Jj  {/i*U\  ^  J^\  ^KUj  l%^\s>^^ 

^  Sa^  I9-J ,  I  have  no  wish  at  all 

v^aany;  for  I  am  a  princess,  a  sovereign, 
*>d  i  ^neen,  ruling  over  the  people,  and  I 
we  Boc  a  man  to  role  over  me. 

Jv»^  Adi,  State,  situation,  condition, 
Dodc^  mamier.      The  present  moment,  the 

pvcK&i  tense  (in  grammar).     Jls)tj 


(  121  )  vKSl^ 

walhdlf  Whereas,  whereas  at  the  same  time, 
and  all  the  while.  JlJl  ^  In  the 
same  instant.  Instantly,  immediately. 
JU.  J$  ^X&,  In  any  case,  however 
things  may  t>e,  without  fail,  at  all  events. 

JlJl  ^U  (The  tongue  of  one's  state). 

The  language  that  may  be  supposed  to  be  ad- 
dressed to  one*s  mind  by  the  circumstances  or 
condition  of  any  other  person  or  thing. 

lllfi>-  hdlan,  Now,  at  present.  c:.^u^kiJ 

LjS^\  (-^b  ^\  tji.*if3J\,  I  got  up 

immediately,  and  followed  her  until  she  had 
left  the  palace,  and  passed  through  the  streets 
of  the  city,  and  arrived  at  the  city  gates. 

CUSU*-  hdldif  States,  conditions. 

4^U-  hdlih,  A  milker.     A  vein  in  the 

thigh. 
ilU.  hdlat,   State,   quality,   condition. 

Action,  motion.    CJij  ^\  ciJJuxclj 

^UjJ\  ^  Sj^  iiiuJ^  And  I  felt 

confident  that  this  state  of  things  would  con- 
tinue and  profit  me,  and  I  ceased  not  to  live 
in  this  manner  for  a  length  of  time. 

jJU-  halik,  Shaving,  one  who  shaves. 

^♦U.  5am,  The  son  of  Noah,  from  whom 
they  say  the  Indians,  Ethiopians,  etc.,  are 
descended. 

Jl^U.  hdmid,  A  praiser  (of  God). 
J^U-  hdtnil,  Carrying.  A  porter,  carrier. 
c-J^i^l  J^U- ,  The  bearer  of  a  letter. 
J^U-  hdmil,  Pregnant. 
i^l».  hami,  A  protector,  defender. 

^^L>.  hdwi,  Collecting,  containing,  com- 
prehending.   A  collector. 
Jjl^»  hdyd,  Declining,  turning  from. 

yl».  Myr,  Astonished,  stupefied. 

JU-  Adyts,  Possessing.     One  who  pos- 
sesses, who  has  acquired. 
^^^l>-  hayd,  Menstrua  patiens  (mulier). 

LjI>-  hdjff,  A  wall,  inclosure. 

uli^U.  hatfi,  A  weaver. 


(122) 


JjI>-  Aay»7,  Anything  wliicb  interceptsi 
obfltructs,  or  binders  flight  or  oommimicBtioii 
between  two  objects  or  persons. 

v_-.f^  hahhf  A  grain,  a  pill.  jUSl  l,."^**-, 
Laurel  berries.    Sihh,  Love,  affection. 

^j)l  t^^t^ ,  Amor  patrisB ;  patriotism. 

^/JIj  I  Thou  makest  prevail  the  love 

of  raiment  that  thou  coretest,  oyer  desire  of 
recompense  that  thou  mightest  earn. 

C^L>-  hahhdtf  ComSi  grains,  pulse. 

JLfr-  hibdl,  Bopes.  Mahhal,  A  rope- 
maker. 

^L».  haball,  Pregnant  (women). 

JjL»-  hah&yilf  Nets,  snares,  gins. 

<^»-  Aai^a^,  One  berry,  one  grain,  one 
seed.  [charming ! 

1ju».  hdbhaid,  0  excellent!  brave!  how 
hahr,  A  learned  teacher,  a  doctor. 

A  Jewish  scribe.  JafHt^^^l  dlhahrul 
a^m,  n  sommo  Pontefice,  The  Holj  Father, 
The  Pope,   j^  h$br,  Ink. 

hobs,  Eetention,  detention.     Im- 
prisonment   A  prison.    To  put  in  prison. 

haboih,  Ethiopians,  Abyssinians. 

,  An  Ethiopian,  Ethiopic.   JL 

^/yy»^t  JBUdd  ul  hdbiuh,  Abyssinia. 

habak,  Pulegium,  or  pennyroyal. 
This  word  enters  into   the   composition  of 

many  plants,  as^^l  J^'  Camomile. 

J.«».   hahl,   A  rope,  a  cord.     Mahal, 

Conceiving,  being  pregnant  Conception, 
pregnancy. 

,^^L».  hubla%  Pregnant  (woman,  also  all 
"  animals  that  have  claws). 

<.,i^.i>f»>  hubiib,  Grains,  berries.  All  kinds 
of  com,  pot-herbs,  or  other  provisions. 
hubur.  Cheerfulness,  joy. 

habhah,  A  grain,  berry. 

^M5,  A  fkiend,  favourite.  JjJil 


Jlioll  (^^ti^  L^H^i  ^7  patience  has 


fidled,  and  my  diiqnietnde  is  ezcessiTe ;  im- 
mense is  mj  wailing  since  your  abeenoe,  I 
am  become  mfirm  and  inyalid !  I  take  God  to 
witness,  that  your  separation  made  me  lose 
my  patience !  And  how  could  I  hare  patience 
to  endure  the  loss  of  the  object  of  my  hope! 
After  the  loss  of  my  beloTed,  how  oonla  I 
delight  in  sleep?  And  who  is  he  that  can 
find  pleasure  and  delight  in  a  life  of  abasement  ? 

aU>-  hattdmOf  How  long  ? 

^-isfw  hatf,  Death.     iiu\  t^J:^  ci^U, 
He  died  a  natural  death. 

hatm,  Bendering  necessary.    Juris- 
diction.   A  decree. 

hatia%  Until,  90  that,  in  such  a 

manner,  and  thus.  As  fiur  as,  as  long  as.  So 
much  so  that ;  to  such  a  deme  that ;  and  in 
proof  of  it   I  may  as  well  mention,  that. 


z^\^. 


UtXic  ij\jj ,  And  she  used  to  love  me 

so  tenderly,  that  when  I  absented  myself  from 
her,  she  would  neither  eat  nor  drink  till  ahe 
saw  me  again  in  her  company. 


hatta\  Eyen. 

\^\j9  I  have  eaten  the  fish,  eyen  its 

head.  [lating. 

hau,  Instigating,  exciting,  stimu- 

^  hq(f,  A  pilgrimage  to  Mecca.      The 
carayan  of  Mecca  bears  exdusiyely  the  name 

of  ^  haft  which  signifies  pilgrima^  ; 

the  others  are  simply  called  JiS   Jkafi 

^^\j^\  The  chief  or  commander   o 

iEe  pilffrims  (an  office  of  great  dignity  dmini 
the  splendour  of  the  khuifat,  and  generalV 
filled  by  the  son  or  declared  successor  of  th 
reigning  sorereign). 

UfA^  hifdhf  Modesty,  blushing,  shame 
A  veil.     cJiSl  c^lf ,  The  veil  c 

the  heart,  the  diaphragm. 

fmfj[^huffdhf  Porters,  janitors,  bhaml>e] 
lains  of  the  king's  apartments  (haTia^    tl 

charge  of  the  door-ways),   jjy  m^j^ 


J? 


(123) 


*  W^  cT*  J^j!^  >  ^  ^^^  whose  heart 
is  in  lore  vith  our  beaatj,  haTe  patience  in 
tibf  kit,  and  perht^  thon  wilt  obtain  ns. 
VbeB  vekMw  thai  tJiy  affection  was  sinoere, 
aadthK  Acjpanon  that  had  prerailed  in  onr 
heart  hidaflbeted  thine,  we  wonld  hare  granted 
thee  a  dnUe^  interne w ;  but  the  interview 
mpnated  I7  onr  chaaaberlaina. 

ij^^lufdid,  k  depntyship. 
r'f  ^V&»  Filgzims  to  Mecca. 

;lf  ijrar,  Stones.  j\^  hujjar^  A  lapidary. 

jlf  lijag,  Mecca,  and  the  adjacent  ooon- 
^t  inin  Petnaa.  One  of  the  principal 
^raa  or  nodes  in  the  Perraan  mnaic,  of  which 

ti«e  sfe  thrse,  viz. :  ^^l^U  J^^, 

U^  l^maif  Applying  the  capping 
^aan,  b]ee£ng,  mrifying.    Shaving. 

c^  i^iiM,  Janitors,  porters,   cham- 


^^^1  Apflgximage  to  Mecca  (hence 
t  iisna  of  swearing  ii\  L^,  By  the 

Bcred  Bolemnities  of  God).   4s:^  \j3 , 

The  lait  month  of  the  Arabian  year  rbecanae 
apoa  Ae  teathday  a  solemn  feast  is  cdebrated 
^itlUeea). 

■ 

^^*gi^t  A  decree,  a  dedsioo,  the  sen- 
^a»  of  a  jndge.  An  aignment,  a  proo^  a 
^fttm.  Pketoiee,  ezcnae.  A  document,  a 
^iMeed.  [daoses. 

^Hv'f  ^toob,  demonstrations,  claims, 

^•^i^flr,  A  stone.     ^^^Jt^,  The  hlack 

•*ooe  at  Mecca.      v^^|/?>   JjAyia 

iuiJl  I* j1|^.  Bloodstone.  4>j|J\^, 

l^Jvdiica. 

^1;^  %r^  Cells,  closets. 

[^  %rsi,  A  chamber,  closet,  cell.  A 
*«n.jirf,  a  halL 

j?  ^  Prohibiting,  preventing.  In- 
*»i7^  intoposn^,  interceding. 

Jf  ^H  A  partridge  with  red  feet  and 


:^  i^Uiiil  ^fliai^^  .Ulx  Uli  Jf  ^ 
jJifi>.\j  */^  J^*^^  J**^'»  I  entered 

a  vineyard  one  day  to  eat  of  its  grapes,  and 
while  I  was  there,  I  beheld  a  felcon  ponnoe 
npon  a  partrid^;  bat  when  he  had  captured 
him,  the  partridge  escaped  from  him,  and  en- 
tered his  nest,  aiul  concealed  himself  in  it. 

11^  hajaUt,  A  female  partridge. 

«X>-  hadd^  A  boundary,  limit.  A  defi- 
nition, distinction.  The  edge  (of  wit,  steel,  etc.}* 

Ij\s^  haddtsatf  Youth,  youthful. 
&>1«X»-  hid&d,  Mourning,  mourning  habits. 
j\j^  hadddd,  A  blacksmith. 
jIj^  hiddk,  Pupils  of  the  eyes. 

iJ\tX^  haddkai,  Eminence,  excellence, 
skiU.  [ments. 

^d>^  kad&yidy  Weapons,  iron,  instru- 
f^S^  had&yik,  Gardens,  orchards. 
U«X»-  hadh&f  Hump-backed  (woman). 
^A>-  hadahat,  Gfibbosity  (of  the  back). 

if«x»^  hiddat,  Impetuosity,  yiolence. 
Shazpness  of  temper. 

C;jtf*^  hada9  or  huds,  A  norelty,  a 
recent  accident,  contingency,  event,  emergency. 

^j»H>^  hadt,  Thinking,  ccmjecturing. 
Opinion,  a  doubtful  opinion,  a  fsLBe  opinion. 
An  intention,  a  purpose,  design. 

IJtXfri.  hadaiat,  The  pupil  of  the  eye. 

CLi^A>-  hudus,  Noyelty,  invention. 
Discovery.  Appearing,  re-appearing,  emerging. 

J^  jk>- Attiik?  (or  ^jJl!i\  J^Sa^\),  Bound- 

aries,  confines.  Penal  laws.  J«X>-, 
To  fix  limits,  to  describe  the  boundaries. 

jjiX».  hadur,  A  decliyity,  a  descent. 
ffudur,  Descending,  felling  down. 

lL^iX^     hatUiy    New,    newly  made. 

^^^  kl^^J^j   Of   a  youthful  age. 

An  eTent,  an  accident,  a  novelty,  a  history, 
tradition  (particularly  with  r^^ard  to  the 
sayin^jfs  and  actions  of  Mahomet,  which 
are  divided  into  two  classes;  the  first  called 

1^^^  ui^A>-,  The  sayings  of  the 

prophet;   the  other  ^^ynJiSf  Li^tX»-, 

The  holy  sayings  (which  they  believe  the 
angel  Gabriel  brought  from  heayen. 


(124) 


r^*i^^- 


»jp  •  o^-jJ^  ^^y  ^ms^i  There- 
upon he  looked  down  like  a  serpent,  coUecttng 
his  long  sleeyes,  and  preparing  himself  for  a 
sharp  conflict,  and  said :  Please  to  lend  ear  to 
my  narration,  for  it  is  truly  strange ;  it  will, 
at  the  same  time,  proToke  smiles  and  move  to 
tears! 

»>Jl»-  hadid,  Iron.     «XjJu^1  y  U  a  »il 
••  ^  ••    .       k»        •• 

OjJlstI  V\f  Iron  is  only  out  by  iron. 

iXJtX>-  ^Ja^,  An  iron  mine,  iron  ore. 

Iron  is  the  only  mineral  which  ahounds  in 
Syria :    the  mountains  of  the   Druses  and 

Maronites  are  full  of  it.  Jj  J^\  (jij^ 

tank  ul  hadld,  A  railway.  The  realiza- 
tion of  the  immense  project  of  making  a 
railway  from  Euro^  to  India  through  the 
Euphiates  Valley,  will  he  most  fayourable  to 
the  Ottoman  empire.  It  will  be  a  source 
of  immense  income  to  the  Treasory  of  His 
Imperial  Majesty  the  Sultan:  it  will  make 
the  Ottoman  empire  stronger  and  stronger  by 
giving  him  (instead  of  an  immense  wilderness, 
always  inyaded,  rayaged,  and  deyastated  by 
rapacious  tribes  of  wandering  barbarians,  who 
cannot  be  subdued,  nor  in  anj  way  ruled), 
one  of  the  most  flourishing  empires,  inhabiteid 
by  a  trading,  industrious,  and  agricultural 
population.  To  obtain  sach  happy  results,  it 
is  the  interest  of  the  Ottoman  GoTemment  to 
grant  the  greatest  facilities,  advantages,  and 
privileges  to  the  company  in  favour  of  the 
settlers,  and  not  to  shrmk  before  any  oonces* 
sion  whatever  it  may  be.  The  immense  ad- 
yantaff es  of  the  climate  of  the  country,  and 
its  a£nirable  position  between  the  heat  of 
India  and  the  cold  of  England,  the  fertility 
of  its  soil,  the  cheapness  of  its  productions, 
and  its  immense  trade,  will  increase  infinitely 
the  number  of  the  settlers,  who  will  hasten  to 
establish  themselves  under  the  happy  skies  of 
Syria  and  Mesopotamia,  and  cultivate  all  those 
arts  and  sciences  which  tend  to  promote  the 
peace,  the  happiness,  and  the  prosperity  of 
mankind.  The  more  I  think  of  this  great 
project,  the  more  I  am  astonished  at  the 
immense  results  which  it  will  produce.  Not 
only  will  it  reduce  to  a  few  days  the  journey 
between  England  and  India,  but  also  answer 
all  the  aspirations  of  our  time.  It  will 
protect  the  integrity  of  the  Ottoman  empire; 
effect  the  greatest  political  and  religious  revo- 
lution in  Asia ;  civilize  the  wandering  tribes 
of  the  Arabs  of  the  Desert,  oaosing  tnem  to 
settle  and  to  pass  from  the  condition  of  bar- 
barians to  that  high  situation  of  a  civilized 
society ;  open  new  markets  to  England  and 
all  Europe,  fricilitate  emigration,  and  relieve 
Europe  of  a  portion  of  its  population,  which 
is  increasing  too  much.  In  one  word,  it  will 
bring  Asia  to  Europe  and  Europe  to  Asia,  and 
so  crown  not  only  the  aspirations  of  Great 
Britain,    India,   ue   Ottoman   empiiei  and 


Penia;  but  alfo  all  the  aspirations  of  the 
world  by  giving  happiness  and  prosperity  to 
all  the  nations  of  the  globe. — ^Extract  from 
an  unpublished  work  by  the  Author,  entitled 
The  Syro-Mesopotamian  Bailway. 

ih^X^  hadlkat,  A  garden  inclosed  with 
a  wall.    A  palm  plantation. 

1  Jk>*  hka,  Opposite,  over  against,  &cing. 
A  shoe,  a  slipper.  The  hoof  or  sole  of  a  h<pe's 
or  camel's  foot. 

ZJtiX>-   hasdkai,    Aenteneas,   ennning, 

shrewdness,  ingenuity.  i 

jj^>.  hoEor,  Gaation,  pmdence.  To  be 
cautious,  to  be  aware,  ij^j^^^  ^^^  I 

J  Ji  Ul  yanfa^  hatar  mm  ladar,  (Jantion 
is  vain  against  the  decree  of  God.  I 

cJ  J^>-  hmf,  Taking  away  (part  of  any- 
thing, as  the  hair  of  the  head,  or  tail  of  an  ' 
anii^).    Bejecting,  cutting  off  (a  syllable  of 
a  word,  by  apocope).    Blotang  out.  j 

dLibii>.    haiOJtat,  .  Quickness    of    under- 
standing. 

har,  Heat,  warmth,  feryoor,  ardour. 

^  L/Jus^  J^  ^5?^uP-^^^/^^  The 
heat  of  the  sun  makes  us  sit  down  in  a  bad  place. 

Burr,  Free  (not  a  slave),  liberal,  true, 
(not  spurious),  genteelly  bom.    j^r^^ 

j^AS  JJmy  ^\  ^,  al-hurra  hurrun  wa  en 

matmhu  addunru^  The  freeman  is  tmd  though 
misfortune  assail  him. 

\j^-  hirdb,  Short  spears. 

\j^   harrdt,    A    fEomer.       J3Mrrd$, 

Farmers.      ij\j^   Mrdtsai,    Tillage, 
agriculture.  [feryour. 

ij\j^  har&ratf  TVarmth,  heat,   ardour 
l^\j^  MrdMt,  Custody,  guardianaihip, 

tuition, 
jly^  harrdk,  An  incendiary. 

ij\j>-  hur&kat,  Fuel  for  fire,  ^arrdlai 

A  fire-ship,  loaded  with  missile  brands. 
/^J^  Juirdm,  Unlawful,  forbidden,  pro 

hibited.  Holy,  venerable,  saored.  a^ 

To  make  unlawfrd,  to  interdict;  to  prohib 

or  prevent  from  sleeping.  i*Ls^\«Xfs'^ 
The  temple  of  Mecca.  * 

^l^^  hirmdn,  Disappointment,  depi 

vation.    J^jsi\  JjIS  ^jOjsi\,  Arari 
is  the  leader  of  depriyatioa. 


i!/. 


(125) 


^1^  kwdmif  A  robber,  a  thief. 

^j>  karipr,  l^oble  ladiee. 

o^  kiri,  War,  battle.     i^jJ\j\o, 

HoftOe  ooontnea*  JlJ^  l^i^^,  Battle 

lodiingliter. 

\i^  hkU  [fem.  ifb^^),  A  camelion. 

\ij>^  Mm,  Forcibly,  with  an  armed 

fixtt. 

ij»-  kBrhai  (pL  d^U^),  A  hunting 
ipor,  8  jiTdiB,  A  qK>ntooiiy  a  halb«rd,  a  dart, 


j^  iarH,  Warlike,  hostile.      Kear 

t»  cr  bonsded  hj  an  enemy'B  country, 
.y^  itfrro/.  Pree-bom,  noble  (woman). 

i^  iJJ,  The  night  when  a  bride  pre- 
»Tes  her  lirpnaltf  (the  night  <m  which  f he 

loses  it  being  called  LjiJUJ). 

0.»^  JUrt,  GoltiTating,  sowing. 

J^j>-  hnrjmB&nj  A  species  of  locnst 
«i&  vingg.  [male  Lybian  lizard. 

^jy-  Asnutt,  The  land  crocodile,  the 

j;>  hrij  An  amulet  or  charm  against 
boiotioa  or  enchantment. 

js^^  lartUt  An  eager  desire,  avarice, 


TW  cxtts  of  thy  coTetousneBS  and  eager  desire 
^sn  eotnpped  thee  into  destruction,  since 
tbfQ  hast  Mien  into  a  pit  from  which  thou 
viU  iKTer  be  laTed. 

vJ^  jbf/,  A  letter  of  the  alphabet,  a 

<|ttiactcr.  A  particle  (as  an  adrerb,  prepo- 
BtuB,  coBJonetion,  or  interjection).    Chang- 


,  An  inter- 
,  Letter 


ing,  mxerting.  ^jJI 

jeetionof  calling.  uJ 
J7  litter.  fitenOly. 

o^  Ar/5rf,   A  trade,  business,  pro- 
^■v-   A  oorpotaiion,  a  body  of  artificers. 

^^  Ji^t,  An  artisan,  a  tradesman. 
^  Aari,  Burning. 

^>  hrhA^  Flame,  fire.    Ardour. 

^^  kroibi^   (pL   c:^!^),   Action, 
eondiet,  proeednn.      Agitation   of 


mind  or  body.  Disturbance,  commotion.  A 
Towel.    JJ  \^^  ''^J*^3  W^  <»l-^y«^3 

I  drew  near  to  it,  and  walked  round  it,  but 
found  no  door  to  it,  and  I  found  that  I  had  no 
strength  nor  activity  to  climb  it,  on  account 
of  its  exceeding  smoothness. 

i%^    hurmf    An    anathema.      JJamm, 

Sacred,  interdicted  from  promiscuous  use.  The 
women's  apartments  in  a  house.  The  female 
part  of  a  family.    A  wife  or  concubine. 

^t«^  hirmdny  Disappointment  of  one's 

hopes,  utter  disappointment. 
l^j^   hurmat,   Eeyerence,    veneration, 

dignity.    Honour. 
^^^    JETaramayn,    The    two    sacred 

cities,  Mecca  and  Medina. 

f^j/>-  huriib,  Battles.    Wars,    ^^j 
L-ju^^,  Encounters  and  battles.  ^\  ^ 

L^^jOff],  He  then  looked  at  her,  and 

said  to  her.  Descend,  0  my  mistress ;  for  I  am 
a  victim  of  thy  love,  and  thine  eyes  have 
captivated  me.  And  it  is  on  account  of  me 
and  thee  that  this  disturbance  and  these  con- 
flicts have  taken  place. 

ij.-^  harUriyat,  Freedom. 

u-iji^  huriift  Letters.  Characters,  par- 
ticles. *U^\  ^if^f  The  letters  of 
the  alphabet*  [restive  horse. 

jji^^  harUn,  Eefiractory,  restive.      A 
i/\^  hurrtifat,  Freedom.     \^^ji  *^ 

England  is  the  land  of  freedom,  and  every 
man  is  allowed  to  worship  his  Maker  according 
to  the  dictates  of  his  own  conscience. 

jlj^  harlr,  Silk.  [and  flour. 

ijij^  harlrai,  A  kind  of  pap  of  milk 
^^j>-  hairUy  Greedy,  covetous.  |Jp-j  ySb 

^UU  LjAi^^  hua  rqjul  harU  hi 
ghlayahj  He  is  a  very  careful  man. 


iiir" 


(126) 


harif,  A  tiyblL    One  with  whom 
yon  do  bmiiieis,  a  partner,  associate.    . 

(jij^  harik,  Fire,  oonflagratioiL    lail^- 

Jij^\  ^yjlj  Ji^xJl  ^,  Adhere  to 
your  friend  though  he  be  in  the  flames. 

han,  Catting,  making  an  incision, 
notching. 

a\^  hiidm,  A  belt,  girth,  surcingle. 
The  swathes  or  swaddling  bands  of  infuita. 

f'])^-  hatdm,  Packer. 

c-^^  hMj  A  body,  troop,  associates. 
An  army,  company.    A  leagne,  confederation. 

jj»-  hiir,  A  guess,  a  conjecture.  ^\  ^\^ 

i^jsr^l  jTjJb  jy  cL.J:;L£^tj,By  heayen, 

if  my  imagination  tell  me  tmih  (U  I  gnea 
right),  this  must  be  Joharah,  and  I  suppose 
that  when  she  heard  of  the  conflict  happening 
between  the  two  parties,  she  fled,  and  came 
to  this  island,  and  hid  herself  in  this  tree. 

a|>-  haxm,  Binding,  fastening  (a  load). 
Occupying,  taking  firm  hold.  Being  provi- 
dent, vi^^nt,  attentive,  steady,  firm  in  mind ; 
considenng,  resolving.    Vigilance,  industry. 

Being  abstinent,  continent.    (^j^\  J^f 

ijpyL«!t,  The  beginning  of  determina- 
tion is  deUberation. 
i-^J>-  hwunat,  A  handle  (of  wood,  com, 
etc),  as  mneh  as  can  be  held  in  the  anna. 

^^  hum,  Grief.    iljjJI  i-j\ij\  ^^\  *j 


^  ^>JU  ^\Ji  J^jl\ 

i\  ^.i  ^^)J\  ^j  CijJ\j  d^l 

cyUU  il^ii^  »_8U  ^,  t-CiU-j, 


Then  the  lords  of  the  empire  and  the  grandees 
went  in  to  the  kin^,  and  said  unto  him,  0 
King  of  the  Time,  tnere  is  no  harm  in  mourn- 
ing for  the  king  thy  father;  but  mourning 
becomes  not  any  save  women,  therefore  trouble 
not  thy  heart  and  ours  by  mouning  for  thy  | 


fiithei;  lor  he  has  died  and  left  thee,  and  ke 
who  has  left  such  as  thou  art  has  not  died. 

^|jj»-  haMirdHy  The  month  of  June. 
^J»-  AosiA,  Sad,  afflicted,*  melanidholj. 
^jt0^  hati,   Sense,   sentimenty  fiMling, 
Imagination.     ^Ua!1  ^/Mbflr\,  External  I 

sense.      CS^:J^\   ^jm^\,     Common  , 

sense.  To  perceive,  to  comprehend,  to  dii- 
cover,  to  understand,  to  receive  certain  intelli- 
gence. To  comb  the  dust  (from  a  horae,  etc.). 
to  curry  and  dress  cattle. 

c-^Lm^  hiidh,  Computation,  calculation, 
number,  proportion,      c^Um^^  Ac, 

Arithmetic.     ta-^LM^^  ^  ^^wuu^f  J 

lam  ahMub  lahu  hiaabf  I  did  not  take  any  notice 
of  him  (or  it),  I  did  not  make  any  aooount  of 

it  rf^  imj\*u^  hiidb  majtuhf  Bun* 
ning  acoount.  <-.^*Um^1  l5^'  ^^  ^' 
^Um^  f^SAj,  To  gire  an 

c-?L*^  ^^JA?,  To  call  to 
^^Llhs)lJ  Juill,  To  cany  to 
u^L^l  ^AJi ,  To  settle  an 

Short  accounts  make  long  frienda*  _!x 
dt^lbLill  c^liM^ ,  On  joint  acoount. 
^Ji^\^  c-^Um>- , , My  own  account. 

JcL^U^  c^Lu>- ,  Your  own  account 

^mmr^  hath,  Computing,  reflecting  upon, 
concidering.      Calculating,    counting. 

i^^Ai^rc^,  According  to. 

In  respect,  on  acoount  of. 
According  to  which.     f^JiSl 
To  the  best  of  my  abilities. 
^If**!! ,  According  to  license. 

a\^\.  Agreeable  tomy  desires. 

J  W1,  According  to  exigency,  finom  the 

state  (of  aflfairs,  etc.).    ^Ll!t1  »^     

In  conformity  to  the  signal,  or  lunt 
\jBji\  Smm  -^o*!^ ,  As  occasion  may  re 

quire.  J^-»/^  ^-bj  ^\  j^\  ^  nur* 
As  God  commands  and  the  prophet  explainj 


count 

account 

aooount 

account 
account 


(127) 


Ss\  L^smr*^ ,  According  to  the  order: 
aptientf  or  order  under  the  eeal  of  the  yasir. 
4«u>>-  kubai,   A  reward.      Goodness. 

d!l  Lm3.,  For  the  love  of  God. 
Jun^  huadf  Envy.     To  enyy.     43uMjr1 

\jJi  \df  Envy  is  a  disease  that  can 

neTcr  be  cored. 

Lmy^  hasrd,  Grief,  regret.   j*ms^,  To 
sgh  after,  to  regret  (the  absence  of  any  one), 

to  wish  anzioosly  to  see  a  person.    (XfiS^ 

^1,  \^j  \'A>-  •  ocr\  ^  <_»ir;i 


«^i* 


:^l 


2fjj« 


*^"  H^  C?^>J^  S5;*^^=l  ^^^^«r/ 


^^jLtiaji  UJly  My  tears  flowed,  on 

the  day  of  separation,  like  pearls,  and  I  made 
of  them,  as  it  were,  a  necklace.  The  camel- 
dmer  urged  on  the  beasts  with  singing,  and 
I  found  not  strength  nor  patience,  nor  was  my 
heart  within  me.  I  bade  them  farewell ;  then 
retired  in  grief^  and  quitted  the  society  of  the 
pUces  I  frequented.  I  returned  without 
bowing  my  own  way,  and  my  soul  was  not 
eomfortra,  aare  by  hoping  to  return  and  see 
thc«  again.  0  my  friend,  listen  to  the  words 
of  lore !  God  forbid  that  I  should  speak  and 
^j  heart  should  not  remember !  0  my  soul, 
<ufie  thou  partest  with  them,  part  also  with 
the  delight  of  life  and  wish  not  to  lire  any 
nsTO  I  (any  longer !) 


hasMf  Beantifol.    Elegant,  good. 
Sum,  Beauty,  goodness,  elegance.    ^| 

i^^^Jf^>J\,  Yerily  beauty  is  a  miseiy. 
li  ^\j  1  j^  U  JliJ  \^  ^\j,  If 

h«ta^  came  to  be  compared  with  him,  it 
vcw  haag  down  ita  head  in  ahame :  or  if  it 


were  said,  0  beaubr*  hast  thou  seen  the  Uke  P 
it  would  answer,  Tue  equal  of  this  I  hare  not ! 


hasandt,  Public  foundations. 

kannat,  A  good  work,  a  benefit. 

hutna\  Most  beautiful,  most  ex- 
^cellent.    Fairest,  best. 
JjAM»-  hoiUdf  Envious.    See  Ju;9l>.. 

_AM>-  AaMf,  Sensual.   Sensible,  helong- 

ing  to  sense. 

(jmjIuL>^  hoihdyiihf  Grass,  herbs. 

hmhrt  A  meeting,  congregation, 

concourse.  Besurrection.  JL^\  a^. 
The  day  of  resurrection. 

li^LbuL^-  Tuuhardtf  Creeping  things,  ani- 
malcules, little  beasts. 

HbL>-   hasham  (no  sing.),   Attendants, 
retinue,  suite.  ^L^  ^^'^,^  c:J|^Uli 

And  when  I  grew  up,  and  had  attained  to 
manhood,  my  father  was  admitted  to  the 
mercy  of  Ooq,  leaving  me  wealth  and  senranta 
and  other  dependents. 


hishmat,  Eeverence,  respect. 

hoihuf,  Stuffing. 

^JLJij^^^  hashish,  Dry  herbage,  hay,  grass. 

Hj^Mr^  hashuhat,  One  herb. 

Li»-  hasd,  Little  stones,  gravel. 

jL3>-  hasQd,  Heaping.     The  harvest. 

HasBddy  A  reaper,     jl^s:)!  <^^j»  In 
time  of  harvest. 

iLd^-  his&ry  A  siege. 

iLild^-  husdlat,  Chaff,  refuse,  sweepings. 

^L3>-  hisdn,  A  beautiful  strong  horse. 

ijlia>^  hasdnat,  Being  strong  and  im- 
pregnable.   The  chastity  or  virtue  of  women. 

Ju\»n  "w  hasdyd,  Harvests.      Jul  ,n  *>. 
i:,.Jl!i\ ,  Sayings  for  which  the  tongue 

is  cut  out.  ij\ii\  ^ix  &1&  Hb  U  JuMjj 

JLmJ)I1   JoLa^,    And   enable   us   by 
ihy  divine  help  to  express  them  with  clear- 


nem  and  precision,  and  mard  ns  from  error  in 
narration,  and  keep  na  from  extraragancy  eren 
in  pleasantry;  so  that  we  may  be  safe  and 
secore  firom  the  sarcastic  ton^e  of  the  critic. 

hashd,  Gravel,  pebbles. 

hashat,  The  ineaBlee. 

hiisah,  A  lot,  portion,  part.  ■ 

hasad,  Gut  down,  harvest. 

Amt,  Confining,  limiting,  shutting 
in.    To  confine,  limit,  bonnd,  shut  up  or  in. 

hitrim,  Sour  grapes. 
AwoM  (pi.  of  JUa^  ht8ah),  Lots. 
Aim,  A  castle,  fortification.  ^j>a^ 

-,  An  impregnaUefortieas.  JGTtfffi, 
Chastity,  modesty. 

ijy^>-  huiuly  Acquisition.     Collection, 
g&in*     (*1/^^  ^j^^^^t  Obtaining  one's 


huiHn,  Portifications,  castles. 
AmoA  (pi.  Jao^  AtMM),  A  share. 
hatitr  (pL^^a^),  A  mat 

Aotifi,  A  fortified  place. 

haddnai,  Fondling  in  the  bosom, 
embracing,  careasing. 

hadar,  A  state  of  peace  and  repose 

(opposed  to^  w/ar,  a  state  of  travel- 
ling or  campaigning). 

ij^hadrtU  (pL  CL^V,-.m-),  Presence. 

Dignity,  majesty.    Highness,  lordship. 
^yi»-  hidn.  The  breasty  the  hody  from 
the  arm-pits  to  the  short  ribs.    lj\  Ji 

fli  JU\  l^y^^  L^^  |,^  ^\j\j[ 

^^  jy  J^  ^.  <^J^j,  He  then 
daned  to  am  and  go  with  her,  and  show 
liff  liie  plaee,  hot  he  vas  nnable  to  walk, 
wfaenfore  she  carried  him  in  her  bosom,  and 
opened  to  him  the  door  of  the  staircaae,  and 
eonveyed  him  to  the  top  of  tiie  p^if^r 

jl^i^s^  An^icr,  Presence,  appearance.  Be- 
ing present,  to  come,  jj  eH^lf  '*^^ 

U*4»-  l;»>t«iU  And  whttt  tk 


(  198  )  Up- 

that  thev  hate  come,  conceal  thjielf,  and 
beware  or  appearing ;  for  the  lives  of  all  of 
ns  would  be  lost 

r^-^'^  hadld,  The  lower  extremity  of 
anything.  {gs^mi 

haU,  Casting  down,  throwing  on  the 

(.^Ua^  haUdhf  A  seller  of  wood. 
i^lLfk-  hutam,  Anything  dry,  brittle,  and 

easily  broken ;  also  small,  minute,  a  u3> 
IJjJI,  Avarice. 

haiab,  Firewood. 

hattat,  Letting  down,  Ming,  d^ 
Boending. 

hanh,  Woody  (place). 
AoffM,  What  is  abated  in  a  price. 

k^  Aon,  Good  fortone,  happinesB.  En- 
joying prosperity. 

i^o^  haswat,  Happiness.    Dignity. 

Aa^,  a  sheep-fikld  or  staUe. 

hafr,  Digging,  hollowing  out    To 
dig  a  pit  in  anothei'B  way  to  iiijwe  Ida. 

iji^kufrai,  Aditch,  agrave.  J^c."^ 

l^  ^^  9jJi  iji^f  fie  who  ^  a 
pit  for  another  fidls  into  it  himwif 
lato-  hifa,  Memory,  retentioii.  CostDdy, 
guardianship.  ks».|  Topiuu  re,gQsii 
defend.  To  learn  by  heart.  g;^''«i^i> 
^Q\  i^»^\f  Onarding bim  ftom  Tbe 
hands  of  men. 

hajn.  Taking  up  wiih  both  haads. 

k^nsi  (pL  iZ^lk 
sore  of  both  hnds.     A 
handfhL 

JuA»- Ai^W,  AgrsndsoB. 

la^Ad- Atf/ts,  A  guardian,  etc   Sce^*^* 

J^  hoik,  Just,  rig^t,  trwL  Tra& 
reason,  justice.  •'•^Jf^  ,Tr«AishittB. 

Ud-  AoAAd,  Beally,  traly.    TccOr. 

5j\as>^  halarU,  TBcbbsb,  basoKi^  heuf 
despicable*     *&>*#  ^  dafSH^  aftoct 


cill^  AaAAaiO,  Trat^  pH«» 


\i^ 


j;Us)t  |*j^  ctdumulhaiayli,  Theology. 

L^.^&v  htMt  Progeny,  posterity. 
ji^Ailufi  Hatred,  malevolence,  ranconr. 

U3l 


JU?  <dll .  Ifi  y  j>-l  ,.jl^,  Thou  wast 


vcmt  to  manifest  an  affection  for  me,  and  to 
d&iie  mj  friendship,  and  fear  the  g^reatnees  of 
my  power.  Be  not»  then,  ranoorouB  toward 
me  for  that  which  I  hare  done  nnto  thee ;  for 
he  vho  has  the  ^wer  (to  punish)  and  yet 
forgireth  will  reoeire  a  recompense  from  God, 
msj  his  name  be  praised !  [Field. 

i>>  Aol/,  Land  without  houses  or  trees. 
.^^  hkn.  Giving  an  injection. 

hbuU,  A  clyster-pipe,  an  injection. 

Ju^tiid,  Malevolent,  malignant. 

huknk,  Laws,  rights,  duties. 

hiir,  Base,  mean,  contemptible. 
JjL£jl^^*i>. ,  Of  base  qualities.  juA^- 
;'jiJI,  Of  little  value. 

•^f^  hahiat,  Truth,  sincerity,  reality. 
A  thing  notorions. 
^i^  luiJaiatan,  Truly,  certainly. 

haiikt.  True,  unfeigned.     Eeal. 


jj 


hakh,  A  graving,  engraving.     To 
Kratch.  IfJjL^  Av  r  (>::..^j>-  Uli 

A^wks't  w::Jl=>- jL«  ,  And  when  she  sat 

^^'^  with  her  mistress,  she  scratched  her 
hod,  and  said,  0  my  mistress,  wilt  thon  search 
uit>  mj  hair  ?  for  it  is  a  long  time  since  I 
ti«n  entered  the  bath. 

*S\^^  kaikdkj  A  cutter  and  polisher  of 
P^Wfitt  stones. 

•»i^  kukkdm.   Princes,  lords,  nobles, 
fOTQiMi,  judges,  magistrates. 

t'*^  HkdffiU,  History,  heroic  romance, 
table,  tradition,  a  relation,  narrative. 


(129)  ^/>- 

^ill  ^^\,J^\  W^j  ol^  i/^ 

son,  tell  me  what  haa  happened  to  thee.  So 
I  related  to  her  my  story,  and  she  said,  0 
my  son,  this  is  the  daughter  of  the  Judge  of 
Bagdad,  and  she  is  kept  m  close  confinement : 
the  place  where  thon  sawest  her  is  her  apart- 
ment 

il,^  hikkat,  Itching,  rubbing. 

jj^^-  huhn,  Command,  absolute  power, 
'  dominion.    An  order,  judgment,  sentence,  de- 
cree.   To  judge,  decide,  sentence,  decree,  de- 
termine, order,  command,  rule  over,  regulate. 

aU  Jl5:)l,OodiBthejudge,  heaven  must 
determine.  j^4Csc^ (j  \^  1131nj|^  \j ^^is^ 
Jj  |J  ^\  ^\^  J-lS  ^i,  They 

made  use  of  their  power  and  used  it  tyranni- 
cally ;  and  it  soon  became  as  though  it  had 
never  existed. 

UX^  hukamd,  Wise  men,  philosophers, 
doctors,  physiciand.  uiLsl  ^jMJ  ^U 
U  ^  ^  ^Ua7  ^\  CL:J;\  \j\  JU 

For  one  of  the  wise  men  has  said.  If  thou 
wish  that  thy  request  should  be  complied  with, 
ask  that  which  is  possible.  Now  as  to  the 
thing  that  I  have  come  to  implore  from  the 
lung  (may  God  preserre  him !),  he  is  able  to 
grant  it. 

Jujl^-  hikmat,  "Wisdom,  knowledge.  Art, 

^\  ^Jlx,  Philosophy, 

physic,  medicine.  <ij<Ui>W  <UiX>-  hik- 
mat tahi^yat^  Natural  philosophy,  a  natural 

JL^l  Ia^^^  hikmat  ilahiyat^ 
A  cause  arising  out  of  God*8 


science. 


cause. 

Metaphysics. 

will  ana  determination. 


d^yL^  hukumat,  Dominion,  despotism, 

jurisdiction,  authority,  sovereignty.  A  princi- 
pality. The  exercise  of  rulership,  the  office  of 
sovereign,  ruler,  or  judge.    The  sphere  of  a 

jurisdiction.   A  state.    i^^s^\j^j^, 

markaz  al  hukumat^  The  seat  of  jurisdiction, 
seat  of  government. 

fH^si^  hakim  (pi.  \aL>-  hukama\  A  sage, 
a  philosopher,  a  doctor  of  medicine, 
jjia^  f>^^»^  hakim  mutlak,  God,  the 

absolutely  wise.    ij\J^\  <UaO  |>-^^  , 

9 


JU 


(130) 


To  the  wise  a  hint  is  enough.  J^^f 
^^y]t^  W^i  Send  a  wise  messengeri 
and  give  him  no  instniotion.    fi^\ 

(^UClb  ^j»Jci\  ^Mf  The  wise  man 

contents  hinuelf  with  the  slightest  sufficiency. 

J!^  hall,  Solution,  loosing.     To  tdax., 
to  solye,  resoWe,  dissolye,  disciUB,  dilate. 

^1>-  hattdj\  A  dresser  of  cotton. 
haUajai,  The  art  of  dressiiig  cotton. 

jis^  Mlak  (pL  ^lo^),  A  barber. 


iSi>^  huldkat,  Bhaving. 

J2Il>-  hai&l,  Being  legal,  legitimate.    A 

lawful  thing.  Mallal,  A  looser,  solyer,  dissolyer. 

i^t^^  halawatf  Sweetness. 

c^l>-  halah,  Aleppo  in  Syria.    Aleppo 

rose  to  immense  importance  on  the  deetmction 
of  Palmyra,  to  which  it  succeeded,  beoause,  like 
its  riral  and  predecessor,  it  was  admirably 
situated  for  the  purposes  of  trade,  as  long  as 
the  communication  with  the  East  by  the 
Desert  was  the  only  one  known.  The  pro- 
ductions of  Persia  and  India  were  brought 
hither  by  caravans  from  Bagdad  and  Bassora, 
to  be  m>m  hence  sent  to  all  parts  of  Europe. 
Owing  to  these  commercial  aavantagee,  which 
it  enjoyed  uninterruptedly  for  many  centuries, 
Aleppo  gradually  became  one  or  the  most 
important  cities  of  the  Ottoman  Empire.  It 
claimed  to  be  considered  the  metropolis  of 
Syria,  and  was  only  inferior  to  Constantinople 
in  ma^itude,  population,  and  opulence.  £ut 
the  discovery  of  a  maritime  passage  to  the 
sources  of  its  wealth  was  the  nrst  blow  to  its 
prosperity,  which  has  been  gradually  declining. 
Aleppo  liad  been  slightly  improving  for  a  few 
years,  when  the  opening  of  tbe  Suez  Canal  came 
to  paralyze  its  progress.  Aleppo  will  resume  its 
importance  as  soon  as  the  construction  of  the 
Euphrates  Valley  Bailway   is  inaugiuated. 

See  Jj «xs)l  cHJ^' 

H>^  haHat,  Cauldron  of  a  steamer. 

halj.  Carding  wool  or  cotton. 

hahznn,  A  snail.   A  horn-beetle. 


t_ 


UX 


half,  An  oath,  swearing. 

fjL>^  halky  Shaving,  scraping.  The  wind- 
pipe, the  throat. 

aLil^-  halkat  or  halkah,  A  ring,  a  circle, 
a  bracelet ;  the  ring  or  luiocker  of  a  door ;  the 
link  of  a  coat  of  mail.  A  link,  hoop.  An 
assembly,  a  circle  of  friends. 

A^£l.>-  htdknm,  The  throat.   The  feinces. 
Ji>-   hulal,   Arabian  garments.  '  The 


habits  of  paradise.   ^  ^}JJJ  ^  JioA 

soaring  with  me  ihroogh  the  air,  alighted  ii 
this  place,  in  which  he  placed  all  things  nece* 
sary  for  me,  anoh  as  garments,  omamentt 
linen,  furniture,  food,  dnnk,  and  every  othe 
thing.  [demencj 

Jl^-  hulm,  A  dream.    JTiTm,  Mildness 

^L>>  halto,  Sweet    Cl^b^L^  halwiydi 

Sweetmeats.    \i^\i  i»UU\  |^  ajJ  m 

\p3j  \j^  jSJIj  i^\yi\  fi  \J^ 

Then  he  placed  before  them  the  food;  an 
when  they  had  eaten  to  satisfaction,  tbe 
brought  them  the  sweetmeats,  and  the 
sweetened  their  mouths;  then  the  desser 
consisting  of  fresh  and  dried  fruits ;  and  the 
enjoyed  both  of  them. 

^1^)l>-  kulwdn,  A  gift,  a  present. 

J^l^  hulnl,  Descending,  remaining,  resi 
ing  in  any  place. 

(A>-  hali,  Jewels,  female  ornament 

Dressing  herself  with  jewels  and  other  onu 
ments. 


haltb,  Milk.    v,,,.Jj>-  &Li  ha^ 
ya^halibf  A  milkman. 

XJkfw  hifyat,  An  ornament  (of  a  swon 
especially  on  the  hilt  and  sheath). 

^l>-  hallj,  Carded  or  dressed  cotton. 

uJJl^  halt/,  A  confederate,  a  partnc 
a  conspirator. 

(Ji^  htllk,  Shaved  hair  (or  beard). 

^dJL>"  halllah,  A  legitimate  consort,  wii 
or  concubine.  [mane,  tmctab 

j^As^  hahm,  Mild,  gentle,  affable,  h 

Ufw  hamah.  The  ancient  Epiphsme 
This  town  is  pleasantly  situated  in  a  nnrr 
valley  opening  east  and  west,  through  wh 
flows  the  Orontes,  and  is  built  partly  on  i 
declivity  and  partly  on  the  plain.  1 
gardens  of  Hamah  are  beautiful  and 
vegetation  is  very  rich.  There  are  f 
bridges  over  the  Orontes,  which  here  is  a  t 
pretty  stream,  though  not  navigable^  *] 
oazaars  of  Hamah  are  frequented  by 
Bedouins.  The  chief  trade  of  this  town 
with  the  Desert 


(131) 


iU>  iamaif  A  xnother-in-lAW. 


A  vild  an.    EammlSr^  An  awndziTer* 
iljU>-  ^'ndm^  A  she-aas. 

v/jU>.  imdr^  AjBuiine. 

4dU>  loiidM^,  Beingr  steadgr  (ia  reHr 

gio&),  bold  ^  battle).  Modern  poetry  (after 
fte  Aidwois  bee«De>  mixed  ivitQ  strangers). 
Hcnoc  poetry. 

^^o*  ^mind/  (fern.  ^lUi>-  hammdhty, 
k  ports',  a  earner  of  burdens. 

/•U>  joflidm,  Boves,  turtles ;  any  bird 

vitli  a  vaSL    Ju[^\  i*U»-  hamam  id 

kndj  Thepigeon-post,  or  the  letter-canying 
pigeons.  Krerybody  knows  how  lately  during 
tbe  liege  of  Paris  letters  were  sent  by  pigeons. 
Th«  pnetioe  was.  in  use  in.  Syria  a  long  time 
ip.  The  pigeons  of  Aleppo  used  to  serve  as 
fwmas  fit)m  Alexandretta  and  Bagdad.  The 
oaoner  oi  tending  advices  by  them  was.  this : 
^  took  pairs  wiiich  had  young  ones,  and 
tamed  them  on  hofsebadL  to  the  place  from 
vfaeaee  they  wished  them  to  leturiK  taking 
care  to  let  them  hare  a  full  view.  When  the 
Xfwi  iniTed,  the  oorrespondent  tied  a  billet 
to  &e  pigeon's  foot,  and  let  her  loose.  The 
1^  impstient  toi  see  its  young,  flew  off  like 
lishtniag,  and  arrived  at  Aleppo  in  five  hours 
mm  Atexandretta»  and  in  two  days  from 
fiifdad.  It  was  not  diffiicult  for  them  to  find 
their  vay  baek,  sinoe  Aleppo  may  be  dis- 
covered at  an  immense  distance. 

I*'**.^  ^iiima»,  A  bath.   ^J  c: 

vT*  l*^  J  ^J^  ,jir-  u^ 

(.UJl  ^>  ^^^^\j  ^hj\  ^,  And 

»he  remaiaed  in  my  company  fi  ve  years,  until  it 
uppened  that  one  day  she  went  to  the  bath. 

•^•o-  hamdmat,  One  dove. 


^ —  hamrndmi,  A  bagnio-keeper. 

^^iiWBfl*,  A  fever.     i^\t^ 

^^i^mmlataky  A  tertian  ague,  ^^^^i^-^ 

ijj^  hamnu^  muhrika,  A  malignant 
^  ^^c.  [guardianship. 

H"^^   Um&yat^    Protection,    defence^ 

w^-*»-  Aflwd/iJ,  The  oord  or  belt  by 
'^^^  th«  sword  is  slung  over  the  shoulder. 

'^^^^  ^«»<f,  Praiae,  praifldng.    ^S^  V 
^^^^^'i*  f iBaH  PniM  be  to  God ! 


i!xk>-  hamieUeh,  Pronouncing  the  for- 
mula 4^3  Sjk^\  el  hamd  dlah, 
t^.f^  Aamra  (fern.  of^^4i»-),  Bed. 

ijA,>^  htunrat,  Bednesa.     Colouring  up 
fcom  shame  or  modesty.         [lence  of  temper. 

humk,  Stupidity.    Hastineas,  vio- 


JBonu,  The  ancient  Exnesa,  a  very 
considerable  walled 'town,  situated  half  way 
between  Damascus  and  Aleppo,  and  watered 
by  a  small  rivulet  brought  vom  the  Orontes.' 
It  is  encompassed  by  a  fosse  twenty  feet  deep^ 
and  one  hundred  broad,  over  wMcb  is  a  bridge. 
The  top  of  the  hill  may  be  half  a  mile  iu 
circumference.  Home  was  celebrated  for  its 
magnificent  temple,  dedicated  to  the  sun, 
«oaer  the  title  of  Allah-el-Qebal,  the  name 
latterly  assumed  by  the  Emperor  Heliogabalus, 
who  was  a  native  of  this  place. 

JkA»»  hami,  A  burthen,  a  load.  JXtmal, 
A  ram.    A  large  lamb.    Aries,  the  first  sign 

of  the  zodiacv  J^^^t  ^.luJ,  Sheep's 
tongue.    The  plaintain-tree. 

Ha^^-  hamlat  or  hamlah,  An  attack,  an 
asaault.  A  burden.  J  l^  U;^  )L>y  ^l^ 

ilLjJ  lU^.  ^\il\  er*  |»ji  ^5i  cU*-, 

He  was  a  man  in  poor  circumstances,  who  bore 
burdens  for  hire  upon  his  head.  And  it  hap- 
pened to  him  that  hebore  one  day  a  heavy  burden. 

.ft. 

d^y4>>^  hunkHdat,  Soumeesy  bitterness, 
acidity. 

L4k>-  hama^ffdf  Whatever  one  must  de- 
fend (as  a  wife,  standard,  etc.). 

hamti/at,  Zeal^  ardour,  impetuosity. 
A  nice  sense  of  honour.    Modesty,  gravity. 

hamid,  Praised..  Laudable,  glo- 
rious. ^ JuA>-  uJ^L^t ,  Laudable  quali- 
fications. 

hamlr  (pi.  of^U»-),  Asses. 
u>-  Mnnd,  The  herb  henna. 
^L^  handjir,  The  wind-pipe,  the  throat. 
^L^-  kindiai,  The  art  of  embalming. 

^l:.^  handn.  Pitying.  Parental  or  filial 
love.  Sannan  (fem.  haanamU),  Most  oom- 
passionate  or  afiectionate  (one  of  the  epithets 
of  God). 

Mm,  The  violation  of  an  oath. 

i\  ahu  himhaa,  (Father  of  strata- 
gems) the  fox. 


\ 


(132) 


v^ 


\ 


hantuh,  A  Berpent,  a  snake. 
Wheat. 

(fern.), 


hafMfl,  Oiihodoz. 
The  sect  of  Hanifa. 

'S:^£*-  hanak,  The  palate,  and  the  under 

part  of  the  month  opposite  to  it.    The  back. 
Deep  black.    The  jaw,  the  cheek. 

Lx>-  Ednlfah  (or  liu:>^^\),  One  of 
the  four  chiefr  of  the  great  Mahometan  sects. 

^;*^i.>>  hanin.  Parental  or  filial  a£fection. 
The  affectionate  cry  of  a  camel  to  her  oolt. 

Mawicd,  Eve,  the  mother  of  man- 


kind.   *\d^\ 


J^* 


\ 


\  LJh^jU\ 


u 


W^J*S^^' 


-J  - 


f^ 


*^--flj  tl^^^  ^^;a-»*p-  ^j^c ,  Eve  has  not 

borne  any  one  like  thee,  nor  in  the  gardens  of 
immortality  is  another  like  thee;  then  if  thou 
wish  my  torment,  it  will  proceed  from  love's 
laws ;  and  if  thou  wilt  panion  me,  thon  hast 
the  choice  to  do  so.  Ornament  of  the  world, 
and  utmost  object  of  desire,  who  can  keep  from 
enjoying  the  beauty  of  thy  face  f 

jl^^u^diM,  News,  accident8,events. 

••11 

lA^l   Jj   c^l^l,   How  many  tribes 

have  alighted  in  these  tabernacles  since  times 
of  uld,  and  departed!  Consider  thou  then 
what  the  yiclssitudes  of  fortune  hare  done 
with  others  when  they  have  befallen  them. 
They  have  shared  togetner  what  they  collected, 
mid  they  have  left  the  pleasure  tnereof  and 
depnrtcQ.  How  many  enjoyments  had  they  P 
How  much  food  did  they  eatP  But  what 
after  all  that  P  They  are  themselves  in  the 
dust  eaten ! 

4^1  c>-  hawdrl  (pi.  ^yij\^hawSriyiln), 

An  apostle,  or  a  companion  of  a  prophet,  espe- 
cially those  of  the  Lord  Jesus. 

^  ^f»-  hawd8,  Senses.     ^LjUt  (jybV 


i^bUali  hmoduul  im&n  atidhirah,  The 
five  senses.  ^j»t>Ai  lamt  or  ^Um^cSI  Idmi- 
iiffoh,  The  sense  of  feeling.  j»^  ha$ar 
or  ^ y^V  ^^^myah,  The  sense  of  see- 
ing. w4m>  «ama^  or  ^Lii/*Li  sdrnt^fyoA, 
The  sense  of  hearing.   j^J  tawk.  The 

sense  of  tasting.  J^  shamm.  The  sense 
of  smelling.  ' 

^J^\^haiffd8hi,  Kai^nSyborderB^hems, 

marginal  notes  or  obsenrations.  Followers 
attendants,  domestics. 

^1^  hawdfir,  J^ails,  claws,  feet. 

li\^  hawdlat,  A  commissaiy.  Aamigna- 
tion.    A  bill  of  exchange. 

fj\y>'  hawdh  (or  ^\f^j  *^\^^)f  En- 
virons. Parts  adjacent.  [aaries. 
r\^»^  hawdyj^  Things,  alFairSy  neoes- 

h^t,  A  whale.   A  laige  fish.    The 

sign  Pisces.    ^/^J^  |J  iJ-M^)^  *^^-^^ 
lliU  J  J,  <i\l\  ^-1^  U^ji  U",  ->-\ 

Uft^-^J^,  No  union   can  be  eflTected 


between  generosity  and  stinginess ;  so  that  the 
one  maybe  accounted  a  lixiurd,  and  the  other 
a  whale. 

hawr,  The  (white)  poplar  (tree), 
i^^jj^t  The  black  popLar. 

^j^  hawrdn,  The  southern  reg;ioxi  o: 
Damascus. 

ij^  hauntat,  A  tract,  side,  part ;    thi 
middle  of  a  kingdom.  [an  animaJ 

a!u0^  hawMlah,  The  crop  or  stomach,  o 

fjcy^-  hawd,  A  pond,  a  large  reservoi 
of  water.    The  basin  of  a  fountain. 

J^  hawl,  Changing.     Passing  by  c 
over.  Beturning.  Power,  i^^^ij^^^ 

^b  ]ll.  There  is  no  power  nor  virto 
but  in  God. 

^^  hawmat,  The  greatest  quantity  < 
power  of  anything. 

^  hayy,  AHve.     C^j^J  ^ ,  Eve 

living,  eternal.  ^^^^,  Idvii 
and  immortal  (epithets  of  the  Supreme  Heine 
Jlfi  ^^^ ,  House*leek  (a  herb). 


Ji>- 


(133) 


L^  h^y  Shame,  bkahing,  bashfhlness. 

^UjII  ^Lsfl,  Modesty  k  a  part  of 
rdigini. 

iL>>  hoffdt,  Life.    Lifetime. 

uiW  haifdk,  WeaTing.     vl/Us 
yoi,  A  weaTer. 

C.'s^  k^  (or  Ui-5i-),  Where. 

Vi^jI  l^  jJ  hayiumd  taahah  athab, 

WkmoeTer  (to  whatever  place)  yoago,  I  will 
foQov. 


Atfy- 


hnfiHyai,  Ezaminatioiiy  contem- 
platbD.    Statoi,  station,  dignity,  considera- 

tioQ.    </>jjfjl  ijjb    Jx  uj ,  In  conse- 


<iaei>ee  of  this  considention,  on  account  of  thifl 
cffiuidefatun. 


^^ar(i^-^  hlrest  or  ^t^^^ibyardii), 
^CB^   aBtoniflhed,     eonfoanded,    disturbed. 

'ij^  hayra^f    Stupor,    perturbation, 

Bnuuemeni   \ssb  If^^  Uyl  w4^  Uli 


^;^l  15*  j'^j  \f-*A3  JiSJ ,  So  when 

her  &ther  heard  these  words  from  her,  the 
I%ht  became  darknees  before  his  face,  and  his 
beait  vaa  tortured  excessiTely  on  her  account 
for  he  feared  that  she  would  kill  herself  and 
Ite  vaa  perplexed  xespectiBg  her. 

Jj^  kayrdnf  Astonished,  eonfoanded, 
eooioaed,  disturbed,  amazed.  [circuit. 

j?^  ^Ifh  A  containing  fold,  court,  or 

^d,  Menstrual  discharge. 

Aoy/,  Injustice,  Tiolence,  oppres- 
ses, laiquity,  injury,  cruelty,  tyranny.    Ah ! 

J!;>  iayl,  Yirtae,  power.    Acli  iJUytj 
uiU.  jbli  ^^  J!  IflUj,  And  her 

^tther  oecopiea  a  large  saloon  below,  leaving 
Mr  aJone;  and  often  do  I  visit  them.  Thou 
aiM  obuk  an  intarriew  with  her  only  through 
•*;  nam  thyself  with  courage. 

J*^  ^»ya^  Prauds,  snares,  deception. 

<i*-^  lUo^,  Kachination,  fraud,  treachery, 
^^'^^HOB,  finease,   knatery,    trick,    deceit. 


^  <lL>.  *jjb  J^-as*^  <j:Jl3^  W--^^ 


axj ,  And  Lady  Dunya  opened 

it  and  read  it,  and  understood  its  contents,  and 
said  to  the  old  woman :  This  is  one  of  your 
tricks. 

..r-^^  ^I»}  Time.      A  small  indefinite 


space  of  time,  a  momeot.  When.    jJ^ 


And  she  was  frightened  and  alarmed  at  him, 
and  the  paper  feu  from  her  as  she  went  forth 
fitna  the  door  in  her  alarm. 

Ju:u»»,  Then,  at  that  time. 
\^y^  hayw&n,  An  animal,  a  brute. 

CjUl^A^  hoffwdndt,    Animals,   cattle, 

brutes. 
(JLft»-  haywdnt,  Brutal,  sensual. 

^JIv^  htywdniyah,  Brutism,  brutish- 

ness.    iJi\y^  J^  hihd  hQywdn%ya\ 
Brutishly. 
i^^^  hayai,  Life  (j  in  this  word,  in 

i^J  zakat,  and  similar  words,  is  never 
pronounced). 

hayyah  (pL  C19l^  hayydt)^  A  ser- 
p«it,  snake.  ^  ^^^  ci^CJl  d^^ 

l^ik:^  t:>l/^'j  t)\r^*  Those  ser- 
pents go  out  in  the  night,  and  hide  themselTes 
in  the  day,  fearing  lest  the  *  ^  ^^  ' 
tore  should  carry  them  off. 


^  khdy  The  serenth  letter  of  the  Arabie 

alphabet,  expressing  in  arithmetic  600.  Its 
power  Ib  generated  oy  a  gentle  vibration  in  the 
throat.  The  sound  is  not  familiar  to  the  Eng- 
lish, iMit  is  used  by  the  Welsh  and  some  of  the 
northern  nations.  It  is  pronounced  like  the 
Spanish^.  In  this  edition  it  is  represented  by 
khy  not  that  it  partakes  of  either  of  those 
letters,  but  because  it  has  been  usual  so  to 
note  it,  for  want  of  a  simple  character. 

aLjlfi>.  hh&hiyati  Jar  (for  wine,  etc.). 


.u 


(184) 


.U. 


JjfUv.  khdM,  Deceiving,  ciroomTeiitiDg. 
A  deceiyer,  a  cheat. 

^If^.  kh&tamy  A  riog.     A  setl-ring. 
SdJb  ^Jsi  4sxSJi  ^^\^'\jli^  JUJl  ^^\  fi 

uL^Al  ll^Uj    JU;,  And  ^en  the 

uncle  saw  bis  siftePs  son  in  thia  condition, 
and  knew  that  lie  did  not  like  to  retnm  to 
hie  mother,  bat  would  go  with  him«  he  took 
from  bis  finger  a  aeal-ring,  on  which  were -en- 
nraTed  some  of  the  names  of  God  (whose  name 
be  praised !),  and  handed  it  to  the  king. 

JuJlf^-  khdHmat,  A  'conchisioiu  An  i^- 

logue.    End. 

^yU^  khdtUn,  A  lady,  a  matron. 

c  jUl  IAM^  DeceiTing.    A  deceiver. 

^j\a^khd(kmi  A  domoBtio^servant  (male), 
^jls^  kh&rij\  Szternid.     ^^Icj^^, 

From  without,  on  theoutside.  f^j^^  (i 
v-iUl  pt^xS  U^jj  If^^  ^,  She 

then  orderad  Ihera  to<dnig  her,  and  to  thiow 
her  outside  the  door;  and  they  dragged  her 
along  npoB  her  ftoe,  and  threw  ^er  down 
before  the  door. 

^-5j-^U-  thdtyX  A  heretio. 

.  u^^k^ jlsL  ih&rekln^,  A  hard  evbetaaiee, 

'  of  which  tfieduneie  mahe  mimfs ;  alaoheads 
to  arrows,  eto. 

^Ifi^  khdrik,  Tearing,  splitting.   ^^ 

2rjUIl  MdrilM  ^dah,  Extraordinary, 
strange.  [A  treasorer. 

^U.  khdam  (or  jt  JjjU^  IMtnaddr), 
^^j\s>^ihd9ak,  A  stake  for  impaling  men. 

^l^;-  Jchdtir^  Snfferkig,  loes.    A  loser. 

One  who  is  oonq)Ietely  disappointed,  and  has 
lost  all  hope  of  saccess  in  his  nndertakkg. 

«^U^  khdihUf  iEmnble,  modesty  peace- 
able. 

^U.  khaOl,  Timid,  fearfoL 


^\t>^Jch&Ut  ]?iire,  unmixed,  ^e,  ezcel- 

kut.    PaitioDlar,  priTttew    A  royal  fryourite, 
whatever  the  king  enjoys,  ai  his  own  domestio 


or  private  property.  Alc^^^U.,15"oble 
andplebeiaiL  All,  everybody.  PnTateaadpnblk. 

^U-  khduat  (fem.  of  ^J^^)f  Fiopntyi 
peculiarity. 

ii^\:>^  Ihdssaian,  Bspeoially.  Bat,  yet, 
stilL  Only,  at  least.  Entirely,  qnite,  bov- 
ever.    Troly,  certainly. 

Xtfle^  JAdsahy  Pine  cotton  cloth  of  a 
dose  texture,  oommonly«alled  cossaes. 

iLc\c>^  ihinnyffat,  A  natritive  or  sanative 
*^TirtQe.    Wholesomeness.    Propensity. 

v^Ul  Jth&di^,  Humble,  submissive. 

J^\:>^ihdtir,  The  heart,  mind,  soul,  affec- 
tion, propensity,  inclination,  memory,  remem- 
brance. The  fiftcnlty  of  being  Texed  or  pleased. 

^UlfiL  khdtt,  €ommitting  a  dime,  offend- 
ing.   A  sinner. 
J^U.  ihafik,  Trembling,  {mlpitatiog. 

The  horizon.    ^;^U.  ^UjU.  ,  The 
two  herisons,  the  east  and  week 
^ISU^  ihdkdn^  A  king,  an  emperor. 

^^IjUl  lAdkdnl,  Imfperial  sovereign.  Per- 
taining to  the  kkSkan  who  is  the  Snltan. 

JU^  XAa/,  A  mole  on  the  £EU)e.  An  uncle 
(on  the  mother's  side). 

JDle^  ihdkif  A  maternal  aunt 

JU^  khdlH  EverlastiAg,  perpetual. 

^U-  kMlk,  Pure,   unsullied,  unooi- 
rapted,  entirei     The  best  part  of  anything. 

^Ujs)l^lfi^,Sincereof heart    UU- 

ihdliion,  Purely,  sincerely,     ^^l:>- 

t^i\  kh&UsMdifrah,  Prepaid. 

^U.  MaUfai  (the  eame  as  «^U^), 

A  refractory  man  or  woman. 
^}]\^ihaUkf'TheCrea,toT.    ^j^^L^^ 

(jmUIj,  TheGreatorof  demonsandmen 
WLilleL  ihdlikiifdhf  The  creative  power 

khaWctymh  km  taArMi  atmakhOiJnfah^  Withou 
a  creatiTe  power,  no  creation  oonld  be. 

^let  hhAllf  Free,  vacant,  empty,  void 

^J^  To  evacuate,  to  abandon,  to  dc 

sert,  to  reject  to  throw  away. 

I%lfi>^  hkam^  Baw,  undressed.     Unrip 
'  immature.    A  horse  that  has  beea  long  in  tl 
stable.    Long  doth,  stoat 


(135) 


Ji^U  Udmid,  Bead,  resting,  qniet. 
^/^U.  kkamiB,  The  fifth. 

'L/tlrL  hhanwrn,  In  the  fifth  place, 

fifthlj. 

J^U^  iteflifZ,  Mean,  eontemptible. 

Jo^  hhsn,  The  Sultan.     A  lord  (in 

Fou).  A  prinoe»  a  nobkniaii,  a  lord,  the 
Uiia  of  the  Tartan.  A  caraTansera,  an  inn, 
*07  place  of  public  neeptioji  for  trayellen. 
Tben  are  aereral  lu^  khans  or  okallaa  in 
erfiT  dtj  in  tiiQ  East,  m  which  the  merchanls, 
pvticalarij  fordgnen,  naoally  reside.  In 
potnl  they  are  Tery  handsome  bnildings, 
beiDf  boiltof  hewn  atones  with  a  double  row 
of  anaika  opening  into  an  interior  court,  the 
vpper  ones  aerring  ibr  counting-houses,  the 
lover  onei  for  stores  for  merchandise.  A  large 
foDstiin  in  the  centre  supplies  water  to  the 
beets  of  bviden  which  are  loaded  and  un- 
loaded in  the  open  space. 

(Jjli-  U&mi^  Strangling.     A  narrow 
pasithroagb  moontaiss.    A  narrow  atreet,  a 

laoe.  ^t  jjU.,  A  species  of  night- 

lUiU.  ttdnakakf  A  monastery,  or  rdi* 

ptm  ctrnetore,  built  for  the  Eastern  sophs  or 
<Mm.   a  eouTent,  chapel ;  baiting-pkoe. 

yj^^  UdnH,  The  city  of  Canton. 
^'^  Ikdnm  (T.  naed  in  Ar.),  A  lady. 

w>«U.  /UdicFi,    Without    inhabitants, 

fBiotti,  &lle&  down  (a  house). 
^U»  khdjfhf  Eiuned,  impoverished,  dis- 

tppointed.  [through  water. 

^A>^  ikd-yid,  Entering  into  or  passing 

iwU.  Udyt,  A  tailor. 

'•^J^  iAfiy/,  Timid,  pnmllanimons. 

i*,^^  Ud-bi,  A  deceirery  a  traitor.     A 
P«*^»as,  tieacheroQs  fbUow. 

'^'^k  yA  khabdi,  0  in&moas  I 

'^^  iMomU,   Wickedness,  in£uny, 
^•"M",  depciTitj,  impurity. 

j«r^UaWdi,Ahaker.    ^^jl^  iAwJosi, 

Mallowi.  ^' 

K^  UflJdya,  Secrets,  concealed  things, 
-^V^  ihabajfg,    Imparities,   wicked 

*•«•  CRe  Mother  of  flie  Vices),  Wine. 


^Mi,  Valignity,  malice,  bru- 
**%f  P>ftdj,  aMlsfolflDoe^  impurity. 


hhabar,   ISTews,    advices,    repcurt, 

rumour,  story.  Information  poaaessed  or  im- 
parted, intelligence,  historical  information,  the 
attribute  or  predicate  in  grammar  or  logic 

y^.  To  announce,  to  signify,  to  in- 
form, to  relate,  to  giTO  intelligenoe,  to  assure, 

to  caution,  j^:^  c!/A*«.r.  Jib  koi  ^aniak 
khaiar  ?    Do  you  know  P    Are  you  aware  P 

j0:^  i^s:^  U  md  ^anil  khabar,  I  do 
not  know,  I  am  not  aware,  I  have  no  informa- 
tion of  the  subject,  j^j  Js-  ^(kn-u- 

khaboTf  Information  and  intelligence.  An 
invoice  sent  with  goods,  or  a  letter  of  advice 
that  Uie  duty  has  been  paid  on  the  same  goods. 

ijf^  'khibrat,  A  proof,  an  experiment,  a 
trial,  experience.    Experimental  or  practical 

knowledge,     gjf^  Jj^\,  ahU  khihrah, 

Feraons  well  and  practically  acquainted  with 
any  subject  to  whom  disputes  aie  referred. 

khui%,  Bread. 

khahu  (fem.  it^.*^).  Impure, 

wicked,  base,  malignant.  <U>;>^  rW^' 
The  infernal  apirits. 

khahlr,    Knowing,    learned,  ac- 
quainted with,  informed. 

2rLM^  khablzak,  Harsh-mallows. 
aIi::^  khitdm,  The  end  of  a  thing. 

fj^s^  l^itdn,  Circumcision.  ^Isi^l  <Umi, 
The  custom  of  circumcision  feasts. 

^^cj^  khitdnah,  Gircumciaion. 

ijs^  hhatdlf  Deceiving,  circumventing. 
Seizing  by  atrataffsm  (aa  a  fox  his  prey).  The  * 
form  or  lurking-plaoe  of  a  hare. 

a:;i£k  khaUih  The  seal,  end,  conclusion. 
^fij>^,  To  seal.  To  conclude.  To 
finish  reading  the  Alcoran.     ^1  ^i£>- 

j^\}  iJi\^i  Hay  God  e&d  his  days 
in  happineas !  [Modesty. 

il\k:    khffdM,     Shame,     bashfulness. 

J^   kka^'dl,    Being    modest,    bashful, 

ashamed,  confounded.  [Jews. 

I%lsr^  khakhdtn,  A  high  priest  of  the 
;-  kkadd,  A  oheek.   ifdJbjjf^i]  iJ]J^ 


(136) 


\jbjftj^,  When  the  prince  heheld  this 

damsel,  be  wondered  extremely  &t  her  loreli- 
ness,  and  was  oonfounded  by  ber  beantr  and 
tbe  redness  of  ber  cbeeks,  and  tbeblacimeaa 
of  her  bair. 

^ Jc^  khidd^,  Stratagem,  artifioe,  guile. 
J  fX^\  ^  Jli,  jLJLJI  C/jJj  Jij\i 

m 

And  it  happened  tbat  tbe  fox  oonnselled  tbe 
wolf  to  aasmne  benignity,  and  to  abandon 
wickedness,  saying  to  bim  :  If  tbon  perse- 
Tere  in  tbine  arrogance,  probably  God  will 

fiYe  power  over  tbee  to  a  son  of  Adam ;  for 
e  is  clever  in  stratagems,  artifice,  and  guile. 

^]jS-f  Fraads,  deceits. 
jiXsi^  khadr,  Sitting  behind  the  veil  or 


cnrtain  (women  in  the  East  concealed  from 
tbe  yiew  of  men).  A  Teil,  a  cnrtain.  Tbe 
women's  apartments. 

c  J^  khada^  Deceiying,  circamventing, 
leading  astray,  being  insidious.    Frand. 

i^d^  khud^t,  Fallacy,  fraud,  decep- 
tion, imposture.     i^JS^  uJj^\,  War 

is  ftraud,  ue.^  stratagem  is  necessary  in  war. 
Khad^tj  An  impostore,  a  cheat. 


AtXs^  khadam,  Serrants,  domestics, 
xetinne. 

ci^U  JcL  khadamdt,  Serrioes,  etc.  (pi.  of 
^^JkfL  khidmai,  Servioe,  employment, 
office,  ministry).  .Jl^^  ^y  ^  /%l3 

He  rose  from  his  sleep,  and  baring  performed 
tbe  morning  prayers,  mounted  ana  repaired 
to  attend  npon  the  Sultan,  and  be  passed  on 
bis  way  by  the  door  of  the  palace. 

JjJ^  khudad,  Cheeks.  ^jJi\  ^U 

♦  1^1  Ji  J^l  u^  Juuljflculi,  And 

the  grare  eloauently  answered  tiie  inquirer  for 
them :  As  to  tneir  cneeks,  the  rose  is  gone  from 
them.  Long  time  the^r  ate  and  drank ;  but 
now,  after  pleasant  eating,  they  bare  Uiem- 
selrea  become  the  prey  of  the  worms. 


j^«A5>^  khudiLr,  Curtains. 

£u^X£^  khadi^t,  Fraud,  deceiving. 

i^  khuz  (imperat.  of  J^l),  Take  tboo. 

JtXfi^  khasd  (and  ^Jt^),  Weakness, 
Being  destitute,  disappointed,  abandoned. 

c^f,fi>^  kkardh,  Buin,  desolation.    De* 
stroyed,  deserted,  depopulated. 

oLUc^i.  khardh&tf  Deyastations,  ruins. 
-p.|^  khardj,  Tribute,  tax,  revenue. 

jj^  kharrdr,  Murmuring  (as  water,  etc.]< 

^^\^\js^  ir%tird«dii,An  extensive  country, 

the  ancient  Bactriana,  lying  to  tbe  north  oi 
the  riyer  Oxus  or  Gihon.  Khurasan,  th« 
Damascus  sword-blades.  The  manufacture  oi 
sword-blades,  for  which  Damascus  was  sq 
long  and  so  justly  celebrated,  was  removed  to 
Khurasan  after  the  inyasion  of  Tamerlane. 
The  sword-blades  in  question  appear  to  hxsi 
been  made  of  thin  lamina  of  steel  and  iron, 
welded  together  so  as  to  unite  great  flexibiiit) 
with  a  keen  ed^.  Those  that  are  made  noi 
are  of  an  inferior  quality. 

klJfiL  kharrdt,  A  turner.    Xi?!^,  The 
art  of  tuning.  [The  nose 

A-J?!^  The  proboscis  of  an  elephanti 

ii\j:L  khurd/at,  A  fable,  an  entertainiD| 
tale.    Malice,  detraction,  fifdsebood. 

kharah,  Buining. 
kharf,  GK>ing  out.    Outgo,  charge 

Expense,  cost,  ^^j^^  ^^  ^  steward 

a  maitre  d'hotel.  'rj^*  ^^  expend 
To  go  or  rush  out.         ^ 

khwfjf  A  double  caipet!-bag,  pn 

in  pairs  upon  pack-horses,  hanging  from  bot 
sides  beneath  the  rider  when  trayelling.  . 
large  saddle-bag,  put  in  pairs  upon  paok-horse 

Jj^  khurdal,  Mustard,  mustard*8ee< 
j^  kharat,  Small  pearls,  glass  beadi 

coq  de  perle,  or  things  similar. 

j^y  The  joints  in  the  back-bone. 
^/t^/^  kharas,  Being  dumb,  dumbness. 
L^  kharsd,  Dumb  (woman). 

^La^  kkundn,  Dumb  (men). 

]ffj^  khart,  TJnbarking.  SmootKiii 
especially  in  a  turner's  lathe.  Stripping 
branch  of  its  leaves,  or  a  duster  of  tbe  grap* 
by  drawing  the  hand  fiom  one  end  to  the  ot& 


\ 


•   • 


(187) 


«rA   -• 


A^yflL  IhariitM,  The  proboscis  of  an 
dcphint.    The  how  of  a  fin  engine. 

^li^  Uirfan  (pL  of  i^jijU-),  Lambs. 

J3y>.  ikarfiln,  An  old  man  who  has 
beeone  childish  by  his  age. 

j;d^  iWi,  Bending,  tearing,  to  rend, 

to  tear.    ^^js>^   khirk,   A  fissaroi   a 
nrandhole  in  a  torn  gannent. 

4J^  kkirkat,   A    garment    made    of 

fhndi  and  patches.   A  remnant,  a  patch,  a  rag. 

1*^  Uarm,  Piercing  pearlsor  glass  beads. 

ly^  J^annd,  Having  the  tip  of  the 

11066  cot  off,  the  briidge  broken,  lip  chapped, 
V  ear  pierced. 

SV^  hharrikb,   or  ^Jy/^  hhamnh, 

Bon-pods,  earobs.    The  bread  of  St  John, 
or  of  the  prodigal  son. 

pj^  khmriij,  Going,  rushing,  sallying 
^Qrth  in  a  hostile  manner.      Going    forth, 

iaraing.     A  rebellion,      ^^^-.^yci- 

^ILUt  ihurilf  ^akusultdn,  Eebellion 
igaiiut  tike  soTereign. 

ujj^  JtharHf,  A  lamb. 

J«/^  ikttr(Lk,  Fissures,  cracks. 

jij^  iharir,  The  murmuring  of  running 
witcr. 

^/v  ikartf^  The  autumn,  the  harvest, 
Aonnnnal  rain,  the  fall  of  the  leaves. 

^^/>^  ikarifi.  The  autumnal  harvest. 

^'/^  ikndmaij  A  ring  made  of  hair, 

P^  throogh  a  earners  nose,  to  which  the 
"idle  is  bstened.  Khmamat^  A  wild  herb 
of  a  flagrant  smell,  with  a  long  stalk,  small 
lc»«i,  sad  a  red  flower. 

^^j^-  ihiMdnah,  or  Lij:^  khaasHna,  A 
^^^tnrjf  treaaore,  a  repository.    The  pnblic 

nraxuB.  i^U  ^1^,  The  Imperial 
troworj.     Jt^\  !j\j^f  An  armoury. 

^t]^  jXJ\j  i^  ^\j\i  ^  i  Vjfli 


^Ufll^  «-yJ\  OifT  lJU-^1  ,  And  they 

went  thence  to  the  second  chamber  and  opened 
a  closet  in  it,  and  lo,  it  was  filled  with  arms, 
and  weapons  of  war,  consisting  of  gilded 
helmets,  Davidean  coats  of  majl,  Indian 
swords,  lances  of  Khatt  Hejer,  maces  of 
Khnwazeim,  and  other  instruments  of  war  and 
battle. 

^t^  ihtndffin,  Treasuries,  treasures. 

^<Ji^  L<^^  jU  Joe ,  Peace  and  saluta- 
tions from  the  treasuries  of  the  grace  of  my 
Lord  be  on  her  who  possesses  my  soul  and  my 
heart. 

^Js^  khagJfMt  or  khax^lfMh,  A  treasury. 

jl  J^  >>-  khatnaddr,  A  treasurer. 

j\m*^  khasdr,  ifjUuf^  khasrdut,  Doing 

damage,  injury,  a  loss.  ^jluAf^b 
ydk?tasdratahu,  What  a  pity  for  him ! 

<uLuJl  X^\  U:l.i  w«  ^j\mS^,  And 

I  heard  the  maid  at  my  head  say  to  the  one  who 
was  at  my  feet :  Poor  master  I  What  a  pity 
it  is  that  he  should  be  the  husband  of  our 
deprayed  and  wicked  mistress ! 

^LjIams^  khaadsatf  Being  avaricious,  mean, 
ignoble,  low-bom,  covetous.    Meanness. 

<U>*rw  khatiat,  Yileness.    Avarice,  ava- 
rioiousness. 

jMi^khuir  {oT  ^js,^^  MiMrdn),  Damage. 
^ufiTering  a  loss,  losing.       ^j^^  *j^ 
^^M^Jj  ^ji,  The  fruit  of  timidity  is 
neither  gain  nor  loss. 

u, f^**fw  khmnf,  Being  sunk  (or  lying 

concealed)  under  ground.  An  eclipse  of  the 
sun  or  moon. 

khtuHSf  Avaricious,  sordid. 

1^  khoAsat  (fem.  of^jyy>Mi.^  khasla), 
A  miser,  a  sordid,  parsimonious  woman. 

^^lilfw  khasluhdh,  A  seller  of  wood. 

khaskab,  Wood,  timber,      [seed. 

^^*ac — **  kha»hkhdah,  Poppy,   poppy- 

jMms^  khushkdr,  Bread  of  coarse  un- 
sifted flour,  full  of  bran. 


A  J 


(188) 


A  -• 


^1^^  tkoihn,  Bough.    L^Lrt  ^ 
(A  man)  of  roogfa,  mpdUfhed  maniien. 

cyu£^  ihuihu^p  Hnmility,  BubmisBion, 

respect,  fear,  modesty. 

djy^tS-^   khmhunaty  Asperity,  seYerityi 
rigidneeSy  fieroenesB. 

<iju»f*.  khoikyiU,  Fear,  tenor,  dread* 

Uttw  khisdy  Castration. 

^LosL  ihoidt  (or  ^.tflidf^),  Poyerty. 

JUifi>-  ^Md{,  Gk>od  manners,  properties, 
or  qualitieB. 

i^LasL  khudm,  Litigating. 
^^JLafl^i^^dy«,  Qualities,  yirtaes.  ^c^\ 

•-r^  i*^  i^^J  *r-**»  ^l*""  *«> 

listen  to  my  narration,  which  is  Terr  strange, 
and  which  movea  to  tears  and  proTokes  smSes 
at  the  flame  time.  I  am  a  man  whose  yirtues 
are  exempt  from  any  defect,  and  about  whose 
glory  and  immense  merits  there  is  no  donbt 

Jjld£>>.  khasa^l  (pi.  of  ^.M^gv ),  Tempers. 
Points  of  eharacter,  moral  qualities. 

SLas^  ihatlat,  A  quality,  property,  mode, 

talent,  virtue.  Temper,  hmnonr,  disposition, 
nature. 

A«flgv.  thoitn,  An  enemy,  antagonist,  ad- 
*  yersary  at  law,  game. 

>-  khwHi,  A  thing,  business,  affiiir. 


partienlar.     Any  particular  sobjeot,  matter, 
affair,  speciality.    I)eTotedne88. 

\^ya:L  JthfuHMnf  Particularly,'  eepe- 
cially,  ohiefly. 

Ayrf>^>gtfl  khuaiUifftU,  Particularity,  singu- 
larity. Attachment,  intimate  friendship.   The 
2nality  of  being  special,  the  qnality  of  being 
eyoted.    Deroteaness,  love,  frienduip, 

d^yae^  khuHLmf  Enemies,  rivals. 
^Zj\^yas>^  khusUmdt,  Law-suits. 

i^yo^  hhutHnuUi  Litigation,  a  law-suit. 

Bnmity.  [animal. 

^^«a^  hhoAy  A  eunuch.    A  castrated 

^\<k»a£^  Vnuiydnt  Eunuchs. 

^j'.j^rttf^   klmyatayn  (dual  of  iJj.arC), 
The  two  testicles.  [prodnoe, 

>>.  hhuibf  Fruitful,  abounding  in 


VhaiUmy  Litigating,  opposing. 

Khidr,  The  prophet  Elias,  and  St. 
Geoigeof  England,  whomtheycall  Khidr  Biai. 

\jA^  hkadra  (fern.),  Green,  fresh. 
ijo:^  kkninUy  A  green  pot-herb. 
\Zj\^j»n<  khadrdfvdt,  Greens,  herbs. 

c  ^.ofiL  khadu^f  Humble.    Kkud^^  Sub- 
mission, humility,  respect,  yeneration,  bowing 


the  heed  in  reverence.  ^\  c 


How  art  thou  reduced  to  humility  and  sub- 
mission, abjection  and  obsequiousness,  after 
thy  disdain  and  pride,  thy  tyranny  and  hanghti- 


khadid,  The  foot  of  a  mountain, 
and  in  general  the  lowent  part  of  anything. 

kfiL  JthoHf  A  line,  a  stripe,  a  character, 
a  letter,  epistie,  handwriting ;  a  figure  dra^ 
on  the  sand  by  conjurors  ilheD.  making  tiieir 

incantations,     v— ■'or*^  lofw  \jjb  hoMd 

•    • 

kJuU  va^Jii,  Thia  is  admirable  haodwritiiig. 

My  handwriting  surpassed  in  beauty  that  of 
the  best  scribes,  my  fame  spread  in  all  countries, 
and  I  had  great  reputation  among  all  kiaga. 

L^jii  lafL,  Boyal  letters,  diplomas, 
or  mandates,  signed  or  supeneribed  by  the 

king's  own  hand.  ai«a:um^  Lc>-,  A  ri^fat 
line.  ^^Vfl^Lfi^,  A  curved  line.  lu>- 
1^1^ ,  A  parallel  line.  jyafi!ae>^,A 
perpendicular  line.  ^jJOm*^  Ls^,  A 
circular  line.  tjSMilL^,  The  diameter. 

jlyjJIla^,  A  meridianal  line. 

UafiL  ihatdf  A  sin,  a  &ult,  a  crime,  an 
error,  inadrertenoy,  blunder,  mistake. 

ujU(3£>.   khitdl,   Conversation,   speech. 
Correspondence  by  letter.    Addressi. 

itfUsf^  kkattdt,  An  elegant  writer,  cali- 
grapher.     A  proftssed  writer  of  ealigraphy. 

jlUl  l^UaflL ,  A  geographer. 


jU. 


(139) 


U. 


iJlLi-  UaUdf,  A  nTisher.  JSMttdf 
(pL  tJirUid^),  A  BwaUow. 

%a  mmikh,  Deadly  sins.      UlLe;^ 

i^^  iJntd^d  ^Mdijfah,  Yenial  siiiB. 

4«1^  'd^\   alUuaiyiU  tuUuIijfah, 

Tbe  or^pbal  am. 

'd^  IkMmkkstk^  An  m&on  did- 
Tinni  imj  FridsT,  after  tiie  forenoon  ter- 
^  n  ike  pnndpal  MalioiiMtBn  mosqneB  (in 
viddk  thcT  pnjie  God,  bleiB  Mahomet  and  his 
teadatBt  ind  pray  for  tho  king).  Thii 
w gaenllTnrononneed  in  former  timeB  by 
^njpmig  KhaHf,  or  tkM  heir  apparent 

'^yMah,  Bedntkiag,  to  demand  in 
Misge.  C<Ut  aU^  ^^  ^U  JlSi 

c^Uje^CdAU^Ij  ^\  C^  ^\ 

iJjLd  fcjyu  vr^f^,  Therenpom  Saleh 

■id:  Haj  Godamend  the  state  of  the  king!  I 
doDotdcoaad  her  in  marriage  for  myself;  yet 
if  I  demand  her  for  myself,  I  am  her  eqinl, 
ndoare;  forthosknowesttkatmyfintherwas 
ne  of  tile  Sings  of  the  Sea,  thongh  tbon  art 
tern  our  king.  Bnt  I  demanded  her  not  in 
^mfc,  BBTB  for  the  king,  the  son  of  my 
SBtff,  iho  is  the  King  of  Persia,  whose  fother 
saitke  Xii^  ftHihffftnuni,  aad  tbos  knoirast 
Kipowr. 

joi^Uetar  (pL^lLs;-!),  Banger,  risk. 

i^-fio^  Mm/,  Seizing,  carrying  off. 

<j^  ihtUwai  (pL  (jL>\^2:i^),  A  step,  a 
*P*^    Ihe  ipaoe  between  the  feet. 

'>^  c^r'^ftc^  y^UU  U^b  ^j^\ 

Ajl^ ,  And  I  made  a  mark  at  the  place 

^  1  rtood,  tad  went  rovnd  the  dome,  mea- 
■nigiti  suwuufemico;  and  lo,  it  was  fifty 
f^tfMllength. 

Jf^  UMi9r,  Coming  into  the  mindt 
'^yo^UulU,  Lineey  writingB^    Iv^Lsw 

¥^t  Badul  lincf,  rays  of  the  son. 


r  T 


idttk.  hhiidhf  A  district,  r^on,  tract, 

country. 
L^-^"^  ihailh,  A  preacher. 

^>^  jUa^^,  A  sin.     See  bUafl^^. 

Jt2:>-  JtJktlr,  Oreat,  honourable,  digni- 
fied (man).  .gVirw^t,  An  important, 
douhtftd,  or  dangerons  affair. 

Ua;.  khafi,  A  secrety  a  concealment. 
Ooeolt,  hidden. 

^\ls^  khuffash,  The  bai 

uJ\I:>-  thapif^  A  shoemaker  or  seller. 

LUsL  hhafiyay  Secrets,  mysteries. 

itAt^k^,  Levity  in  behaviour.  Light* 

^  St   ^ 

ness  of  weight.  Qoing  fast.  i^sS-^ 
ihifatmh  Lightly,  saperficially. 

^a:>.  khafi,  Depression.  Putting  the 
Towel  luura  (^)  under  the  last  letter  of  the 

oblique  case  (called  likewise  j-^)* 
^j  ^U  Sa&^  ^yo  ^j^i:i^  KlSLJiM 

aJ^^  _)jJ^  ,  And  the  king,  speaking 

in  a  low  Toioe,  and  adapting  his  tongae  to  the 
vronnnciation  of  the  blacks,  e|acalatea :  There 
IS  no  strength  nor  power  but  in  God,  the  most 
High  and  the  most  Great  I 

Ihafk  (or  J^  IhafaUn),  Palpi- 

tating,  trembling  of  the  heart 

hhaflf  Clandestine,  concealed* 

ihmfyatt  Concealment,  hiding. 
Khafyatan^  Privately,  secretly.  Khafiyat,  A 
leeiot 

khaflff  A  protector,  guardian,  tutor. 
Toll  paid  for  protection  of  the  roads. 

uJ:^  iU#/t/,  Light  (of  weight).  Un- 
dignified, immoraL    A  speoies  of  verse. 

J^  khali  Yinegar. 

j£^  ttO,  A  friend,  particularly  a  sincere 

and  intimate  one.  KhuUf  Intimate  friendship. 

\m^\jmj ,  Tou  rave  about  the  full  moon 

in  the  vault  of  heaven ;  leave  off  thy  delusions, 
for  she  is  my  beloved,  not  that  moon:  her 
eharms  outvie  the  revival  of  the  dawn. 

lek  khM,  Being  vacant,  deserted,  at 


jl^ 


(140) 


iM 


leisnie,  free,  ^le^  orlLi^t*,  Besides, 

beyond.  ^1  IrL,  Saving  thatyUnless  that. 

^^h>^  khalds,  Liberation,  redemption. 

JaU. ,  To  set  at  liberty.  t-^LfiJUilj 

^^\  i\  idll )  jL^l  Jtij, And  instantly 

the  joath  shook,  and  stood  upon  his  feet,  re- 
joicmg  in  his  liberatioii,  and  exclaimed :  I 
testify  that  there  is  no  deity  bat  God ! 

^pi^  khuldsat,   The  purest  and  best 

part  or  substance  of  anything.  Purified  or 
clarified  butter.    The  essence  of  a  thing. 

c&sL  khula^  The  palsy,  the  epilepsy. 
ufH'<.  khilaf,  Contradiction,  opposition. 

jliA^^It  uJlL^,  Contrary  to  ordinary 
practice. 

ijifL  khUdfat,  The  Khalifat,  yioegerency, 
lieutenancy.  Imperial  dienity,  monarchy. 
Succession,  snpplymg  the  ^ace.  Hierarchy, 
Ticarage. 

jSU.  khalldk,  The  Creator,  ^l^^.^ 
ji^l  or  jL^  Ik^  Mhan  UMMdl, 

I  sing  the  praises  of  the  Creator,  or  Praise 
be  to  the  Creator!  an  expression  of  admiration 
when  giring  the  description  of  a  young  lady 
of  great  beauty.  [dour,  sincerity. 

iSL^  khaldlat,  Sincere  friendship.   Can- 

fjis^  khtldl,  A  toothpick,  an  earpick.  A 
grammatical  conjugation  or  paradigma  of 
aeriyation. 


^•«£^  IkuUdn,  Intimate  Mends.    ij\  aJ 

^Ml  v^uJLiljj  mLb-JI  ci^U 


Then  I  enjoyed  the  society  of  my  companions 
and  friendb,  exceeding  my  former  habits. 


:L  khakiyf  (pL  of  liAtS^),  Kings, 
Ticegerents.  [creatures. 

jJ)LsL  kkaldyhy  Men,  people,  nations, 

^vsr^  hhdkfjdny  Motion,  agitation,  com- 
motion, paljntation,  perturbation,  trepidation, 
anxiety,  curiosity.    Khulfin^  Sea  canals. 

Jli^^  khalkhdl,  The  ring  of  gold  or 
sHrer  worn  by  Arabian  ladiesround  their  ankles. 

ti\x>^  ihuld,  Eternity,  perpetuity.  jleL 
khaUad  (in  prayer),  May  it  endure  for  ever ! 

:^,  May  his  empire  remain ! 


laL^  hhaltf  Confusion,  mixture.  LU^, 
To  mix,  blend,  confound.  Any  one  of  the 
four  elementary  humours  of  an  animal  hody. 

wIlsL   khal^    Drawing    out    (slowly). 

Pulling  off  (clothes,  etc.).  Deposing,  remoring 
from  office.  Bepudiation  of  a  wife,  whe& 
desired  by  herseu  from  an  ayersion  to  her 
husband  (on  which  account  she  resigns  sll 
settlements,  and  the  presents  made  to  her  at 
marriage,  which,  had  the  divorce  taken  place 
at  his  motion,  must  have  been  kept  by  or 
deliTered  to  her).  Disinheriting  a  son  asd 
turning  him  out  of  doors.  luTcsting  with  a 
robe  of  honour.  JBJ^ilaf^j  Bobes  of  honour 
with  which  princes,  etc,  invest  those  whom 
they  mean  to  distinguish. 

SA^  ihal^i,  A  robe  of  honour. 

u»gljw  khalf,  Coming  after  or  behind, 
Bttooeeding  (as  day  to  day,  people  to  people, 

etc.).  The  latter  part.  aJL  (^--^zj 
C-^U1  mMj\^  JUSSf  uuiaS  LmCJ  <U^U 

yi^jJ  ^j  l|iU.  \j\j  <^s-^>=^j,  And 

then  she  pronounced  some  words  that  I  under^ 
stood  not.  Whereupon  the  locks  fell  off,  and 
the  gates  opened,  and  she  went  out,  I  still 
following  her,  wi^out  being  perceived  by  her. 

t— flL'w  khalaf,  A  successor.  Posterity, 
descendants. 

U]l£>-  Jehulafd,  Ehalifb,  emperors,  kings, 
princes,  lieutenants,  vicars,  substitutes. 

^^jJbiyi  UliJl,     The    four    lawful 

khalifr,  t.0.,  Abubekre,  Omar,  Othman,  and 
Ali,  the  immediate  successors  of  Mahomet 
(The  Persians  do  not  ackowledge  the  three, 

first,  being  of  the  sect  of  AH.)   ""UL;. 

^JL^Jju,  Sucoessiyely,  uninterropt- 
edly.  [your  place. 

JUlflL  kfudfatf  Substituting  another  in 
^^  khalaft,  Successiye. 

j;!^^  ihalkf  Creation,  production. 
People,  a  nation,  the  populace.  Khulk  or 
khulak^  Nature,  quality,  property,  custom, 
manner  (generally  in  a  good  sense).  Diapom- 
tion,  temper. 

ilftL^  khUkat,  Creation*  Natural  disposi- 
tion.   ^\j  CL)lL^  fc^jljJl  Lli3j  J^^ 

isjisji  J^  UW  ^\fiU.|  All  that 

valley  was  likewise  occiq»ied  by  serpenta  and 
venomous  snakes,  every  one  of  them  like  a 
palm-tree ;  and  by  zeaaon  of  its  enozmoua  aize^ 


^ 


(141) 


if  an  depbint  came  to  one  of  ihem,  it  would 
iwiUowH. 

Jlrw  ihM,  Disturbance,  disorder,  con- 
Mm,  rupkirei  breach,  defect,  damage,  in- 
co&Toiienoe,  prcnudice,  injury,  ruin,  destruc- 
tioD,  oaraption  (of  anything  by  negligence}. 

i^  ihdwai,    Eetirement,    Bolitnde. 

£m]iti(Da&   A  doset,  a  priyate  apartment. 
Secret  ooooeil  or  debate ;  privacy. 

0^  Ikd^,  Eternity.  Perennial.  A 
fiesh  and  yigorona  old  age.  ^^j^^\) 


*u^,  0  thou  best  of  all  men  to 

vhom  Sre  has  giyen  birth !  but  for  thee,  the 
worid  were  not  heantifnl  nor  pleasant.  The 
man  to  whom  God  sheweth  thy  face  has  ob- 
tained immortality,  and  he  yrili  grow  neither 
decrepit  nor  hoary. 

^yS^lkdiU,  Parity,  sincerity,  candour, 
istcfiity.    Friendship,  affection. 

<^jU.   IhviiUiyatj    Purity,    candour. 


<^ibAa^',  Acanal.  ^U'.jWdaM.aH  ^i^ 
hMj^  hutaniini^ahf  The  canal  of  Constan- 
tinople, the  BoBphorus.  ^j*ijyj\^\s>^ 
ihalij  omo,  The  Snez  Canal. 

'    JsMit,  Mixed.     Any  mixture. 
khah^  (in  j\iji\  ^^   kkall^ 

«/  \iaar\  Bare&ced,  shaibeless. 

i^^  IkahftU  or  hhahfah,  An  emperor, 

king,  prince,  soyereign,  monarch :  a  lieutenant, 
deputy ;  a  soceesaor.  This  was  the  title  giyen 
to  the  Mahometan  soyereigns  or  successors 
of  the  prophet ;  to  which  was  annexed,  the 
Bfigt  tbsoliite  aathority  both  in  religious  and 
qtH  goyemment  It  was  first  adopted  by 
ilmhekre  (Mahomet's  immediate  successor) 
v^  would  accept  of  no  other  title   than 

^1  J^  ^Jjv,  (the  vicegerent  of 
^  ^K)6tle  of  God)  which,  together 

^th  ^j^y!l\j^\  (commander  of  the 

^HtliAilT,  assumed  by  the  succeeding  Khalif 
Our,  became  the  principal  titles  of  all  the 
Wkwing  princes  during  a  period  of  636  years, 
^  from  622,  the  commencement  of  the  tiejra, 
tiU  tbe  taking  of  Bagdad,  and  the  final  period 

of  tbor  empire  in  the  year  1258.    ^IS' 


JUk^i  jbj^K  There  was  in  the 

time  of  the  Khaleefeh,  the  Prince  of  the 
Faithful,  Haroon  Enrashid,  in  the  city  of 
Bagdad,  a  man  called  Esaindibad  the  Porter. 

J^Jifiw  hhaMf  "Worthy,  fit,  proper. 

dJLJg^  hhalikai,  Nature,  disposition.     A 

creature.  [friend. 

JJtfs.  hhalil^  A  sincere  and  intimate 

j\as>.  khimdr,  A  woman's  veil  or  head- 
dress.   Khamfiwry  A  wine-merchant. 

jUf^  khumdr,  The  headache,  or  nervous 
feeling  caused  by  a  debauch. 

^-oUs^  khumdsi,  A  word  of  five  letters, 

a  thing  of  fiye  spans,  anything  belonging  to, 
or  consiBting  of  fiye. 

khamr,  and  J -4^  khamrat,  Wine. 


^j**Aj>^   khavM  (fem.).  Five.     KhumB^ 
The  fifth  part. 

«L*Agw  khatMot  (masc).  Five. 
^ymAs^  khamsUn  (^j.^.*w.4>-.^),   Fifty. 


^j^  Ja«^  iJaS  ^yuA^^,  I  pos- 
sessed fifty  trading  yessels  on  the  sea,  and  fifty 
other  ships  for  pleasure  excursions,  and 
one  hundred  and  nfty  pieces  ready  for  war. 

^^^**u^l»x^,  Pentecost.       ^j-^^^-^^j 

hKamBin^  The  fifty  days  nrecedin^  the  jemal 
equinox ;  (in  Egypt)  a  sultry  noxious  wind. 

^^yAs^  kkumud,  Abating,  going  out  (the 

fiame  or  fire).  Being  assuaged,  abated  (the 
heat  of  a  feyer,  etc.)*  [low  estate. 

J^.4^  khumul,  Obscurity,  neglectedness, 

khamlr  (or  J,--4r>-),  Leaven,  or 

anything  put  into  a  mass  or  paste  to  ferment  it. 
Dough.  Any  ^astic  material  (of  which  any 
ware  is  made). 

f*i^4J^  khamU,  A  fifth.  ^ig»»y^l  z^^. 
The  fifth  day,  Thursday. 

khunsa\  An  hermaphrodite. 


^l:^  khundsa*.  Hermaphrodites. 
J  jl:^  khanddtk,  Ditches  round  forts,  etc. 
(jMilI^  khannds,  The  devil,  a  demon. 
^^UfS^  khandJU,  Beetles,  May-bugs. 


(142)  L^ 


jILl  ihunndkf  That  place  of  the  throat 
where  the^  iiraidlY  ■trasgle.  The  qviiuej,  or 
inflammation  of  the  throat 

^l:i£L  khundkijftU,  A  disease  affecting 
the  throats  of  birds  and  horses. 

:L  khanjar,  A  dagger,  poniard. 

cS^  khandak,  A  ditoh  round  fortified 
towns,  gardens,  fields,  etc. 

jjj^  hhtmlr,  A  boar,  a  hog.     m^:^ 

ji:^,  Hog's  lard,   j^^^.  Hoggish. 

khutuur.  The  little  (or  middle) 
finger.  [beetle. 

^^M£>-  khunfiu  {^mMS^  or  L>.fl;S> ),  A 
^JH>^  khank,  Strangling,  soffoeation. 

^L:^  khunna$,  A  sound  through  the  nose. 
Speaking  throngh  the  nose. 

j;g.;fC  khanik,  Strangled. 

_;^^  khaw&hlf  Jars  (for  wine,  etc.). 

a7\^  khaufdtm  (pi.  of  |Jls^),  Seal- 
rings,  rings. 

^tjsL  kh'ajah,  A  man  of  distinction, 
a  rich  merchant,  a  doctor,  a  lord  or  master. 

0pj^f>-  khaw&rij^  Heretics,  schismatics. 
Strangers.    Bebels. 

Ajil^     KhMdraam    or     KK&ratmj 

Siorasmia,  the  ancient  Chorasmn,  lying  along 
the  banks  of  the  great  riTcr  Oxns  or  Gihon, 
and  eztendinr  to  the  Oaspian  Sea ;  part  of  it 
belonging  to  Iran  (Persia),  and  part  to  Tvan 
.  (Parlhia). 

^1^  khawdsi,  Properties,  qualities, 
Tirtaes.    Grandees,  ministers  of  state,  royal 

favourites  or  domestics,  (^fy  U^^y^f 
Noble  and  ignoble,  the  whole  people. 

^1^  khawdiir  (pi.  of  ^U-  khaiir), 
Hearts,  minds,  etc. 

(ji^y^  khawdjik^  The  four  cardinal 
points  of  the  winds,  north,  east,  south,  and  west. 

iS^y>-  khawdji,  Secrets,  hidden  things. 
^j^\^  khatodkin,  Emperors,  kings. 

^^y>-  khawwdn^  A  deceiver,  a  traitor. 

Jjl^  khawdnik  (pi.  of  jllri^).  The 
qninsey,  or  inflammation  of  the  throat. 

iy>^  khuwat  or  khuweh  (brotherhood). 

This  is  the  name  of  the  tribate  claimed  from 
time  immemorial  by  the  Bedouins,  in  return 
for  their  protection,  or  rather  forbearance,  in 


not  ioiidiinff  the  harrest,  or  driving  off  flu 
cattle.  Each  Tillage  used  to  pay  khmotkUi 
one  Sheikh  in  every  tribe,  who  tlienusedto 
acknowledge  it  as  his  iiArAl,  or  ''sister,''  sad 
was  bouna  to  protect  the  inhabitants  agaimt 
all  the  memben  of  hia  own  tribe;  but  now, 
in  those  tracts  of  covntrf  which  axe  in  the 
reach  of  the  Ottoman  troops^  na  tribute  ii  psid. 

^ys^  khanjokhf  Oreengages* 

h>^^  khawkhat,  A  windoiF,  a  skylight, 

a  little  window  or  wicket  in  a  great  gate,  is 
open  space  between  two  hoosea. 

J^  khudp  A  helmet.  [paiiih. 

i^jf>'  kh^ri,  A  parson^  a  rector  of  a 
4jj^  khawnakatf  Impaling  a  man. 

khawd,  Entering  or  passing  a  river. 
khawff  Fear,  dread,  tenor.    II 

(I/U  J\  ^jsll  ^  «^U.f  mndaiJidf 
min  aWmajjoh  Ua  AiPiai,  I  am  afraid  to  go 

there.   ^U  \yUrX  JlS  ^  i^iUrlT 

Verily  we  fear  him.  Fear  ye  not,  said  he; 
for  he  is  withheld  from  injuring  yo«  and  othof 
by  the  state  in  which  he  is. 

ll^  khaufimf  Fearing,   il^  l:uo  j3j 

^^  ij-»-  ^  v^f  I  passed  the 

night  sleepless,  fearing  that,  if  I  alept,  the  Mxi 
would  fly  away  with  me  when  I  waa  not  awixc. 

i^y>-  hhdy  (s.  Persian,  used  in  Arabic), 

Manner,  custom,  mode,  humour,  habit,  dispo- 
sition, temper. 

jUfl>-  khiydr,  Cucumbers. 

ifj\^  khiydrm^  A  cucumber.  j^zJUj^ 
khif/ar  ahambar^  Cassia. 

WCii.  kh»yyai  (j^L^),  A  tailor. 
JLl^LfiL  khtydtai,  Sewing. 

JLi>«  khaifdl,  A  phantom,  ghost,  spectre, 
vision,  delusion.    Imagination,  fancy. 

jLlj  JU»^ ,  A  foolish  imagination* 
Jus>«  hhtt^dl,  A  horseman. 

c::j)Lfi;.  khaydldt  and  kkiydldt.  Phan- 
toms, or  imaginations 

ill^  khiydlat,  Cavalry.    ^JuJ\  il\^ 

\jyAJ^\  khiydlat  dl  ^adu  tktahamUnd, 
The  enemy's  caTalry  atta^ed  ui. 


Jji. 


(143) 


•tj 


^Lri.  libydA,  Imaginaij,  fimtasticaL 
aLsL  JU«^dm,  TenfBy  pavilions.    ^^^;j 

\fL  U.  ^^  Lei  ^>ip^j  **s^ .  And 


thcT  pitched  iihe  tents  upon  the  shore,  and  hmlt 
for  Mr  a  great  Teasel,  in  which  they  embarked 
her  aadhff  hooaehold. 

ijL^  ikiydnat.  Perfidy,  treason,  dis- 
1071%.  [neai. 

Cm>.  UofhU,  Disappointment,  hopeless- 

j^  £byr,  Good.     A  good  work,  j^ 

Ifkrf^tj^l,  In  ilie  mediam  is  yirtue. 

j^J^i^^  jLfii)H  dl  iktUadfi 

Mihykheir,  Moderation  in  everything  ia  beat. 

<diJ  Sj^  fij^t  The  best  among 

yoQ  is  he  who  is  best  to  his  family. 

jJ\i  v^  c>  ^,  U-^^ji^'  The 

bat  of  men  ia  he  who  rejoioea  in  the  good  of 
others.  ji^\  f-s^a^  UJ^^i,  Good  is 
in  that  which  God  does,  j^  fJsL\ 
JJU,  Truth  is  the  best  that  can  ever 

be  said.  j>^m4^  iif^jn^  f^^  i^^j 
aUI,  The  counsel  of  an  old  man  is 
better  tiian  the  presence  of  a  yonng  one. 

^ji=>-  khayrdt.   Good  things,  sacred 

intitotioni,  eharitable  fbnndationa.  Good 
vorki,  chanties. 

Sj^  l^jfrai,  A  good  thing,  anything 

«zqniate  of  whateyer  spedea.  The  best  of 
men.  Whaterer  pleaaea  a  woman.  The  fayour 

or  blessing  of  God.  iSi\  i^  ^lc, 
Vith  the  bleaaing  of  God.  - 

Jjj*^  Ikayzurdn,  Indian  cane. 


And  after  bsTing  navigated  for  the  ipaoe  of  a 
whole  month,  we  came  to^  land,  and  we  dis- 
embarked eome  horses  which  we  had  with  as 
in  the  ships. 


*    • 


Ikayth,  Coarse  linen  doth  of  an 
^Jpen  teitnre. 

^  Ihmft,  A  thread. 
Jxu^  iku&n,  pL  of  La^. 
J^  Uay/,   Imagination,  fancy,  idea, 
w^idon,  horses.   ^  l3 -jt«  Juu  ^^j^ 


^  hhaymat,  A  tent,  tabernacle,  pa- 
vilion. The  tent  the  Bedonin  calls  his  house 
{he%().  The  ooverine  {tahr-d'h^it)  conasts  of 
pieces  of  stniT  made  of  black  goats*  hair, 
stitched  together  acoordinff  to  the  depth  of 
the  tent.  Some  tents  are  of  eoats'  hair  staff, 
white  and  black.  It  effeotaailv  keeps  off  the 
heaviest  rain.  It  is  sapportea  by  nine  poles 
or  posts  {amoud  or  colamn);  uiree  in  the 
midole,  and  an  equal  nambor  on  each  side : 
these  several  poles  have  distinct  names.  The 
middle  ones  are  seven  feet  high ;  the  side  ones 
only  five,  which  obliges  the  person  who  enters 
to  stoop  a  little.  The  tent  is  open  before,  and 
closed  on  the  sides  and  back  part,  to  keep  out 
the  wind.  It  is  divided  into  two  parts — ^the 
men's  apartment  (makad  rabiaa),  and  the 
women's  {muharern)^  separated  by  a  white 
woollen  carpet,  drawn  across  the  tent,  and 
fastened  to  the  three  middle  posts.  In  the 
men's  apartment  a  carpet  is  sometimes  laid  on 
the  ground.  They  recline  upon  the  camel 
peck-saddles,  the  wheat  sacks  and  camel  bags 
oeing  piled  up  round  the  middle  post.  The 
women  B  apartment  is  the  reoeptacle  for  the 
cooking  utensils,  the  batter  ana  water  skins, 
the  provisions,  and  all  the  lumber  of  the  tent. 

f^y^  khuynl,  Horses.     In  riding,  the 

Bedouin  has  not  the  graceftil  seat  of  the 
townspeople,  but  it  is  more  secure.  They  are, 
indeed,  perfect  Centaors.  Their  horses  are 
mostly  small,  seldom  exceeding  fourteen  hands. 
They  generally  ride  their  mares,  as  they 
possess  advantages  over  the  horse  in  speed 
and  good  temper.  The  latter  they  sell  to  the 
townspeople,  or  to  the  feUahs,  They  object 
to  them  because  thej  neigh,  which  in  an 
expedition  by  night  might  betray  them.  They 
are  first  mounted  after  the  second  year,  from 
which  time  the  saddle  is  seldom  taken  off  their 
backs.  They  are  kept  in  the  open  air  daring 
the  whole  year,  never  entering  the  tent,  not  even 
in  the  rainy  season.  In  summer  they  stand 
exposed  to  the  mid-day  sun :  in  winter  a  sack- 
cloth or  felt  is  thrown  over  the  saddle.  Like 
her  master,  with  very  little  attention  to  her 
health,  the  mare  is  seldom  ill.  Burning  is  the 
general  remedy;  and  as  this  is  done  with  a 
hot  iron,  it  has  given  rise  to  the  erroneous 
notion  that  the  Arabs  mark  their  horses. 


J  ddl,  The  eighth  letter  of  the  Arabic 
alphabet,  denoting  four  in  arithmetic,  and  the 
fourth  day  in  the  week,  or  Wednesday ;  also 
the  planet  Mercury  in  the  Ephemerides,  and 
the  sign  Leo  in  the  Zodiac. 

*\j  dot,  A  disease,  infirmity.    J^t  'Ijr 


.b 


(144) 


rb 


The  elephant's  disease,  t.  e.  the  leprosy. 

t_lf^H  Mj,   The  fox's  disease,  t.^. 
the  scald,  loss  of  hair. 

*1  J  daah,  Cnstom,  manner,  mode,  in- 
stitation.  Condition,  state,  situation.  Thrust- 
ing violently  forward,  v J3  c-i^^J, 
Ancient  custom. 

Z\j  ddbhat,  Beasts,  animals,  reptiles. 

^joJi\  i)\j  daUat^-Uard  (The  beast 

of  the  earth),  thebeast  of  the  Apocalypse,  which 
is  to  appear  in  power  in  the  latter  days. 

,^b  dajl  (or  ijP-b),  Dark  (night). 
**  An  obscure,  humble  life. 
Jf^-l  J  dakhUi  Entering,  penetrating,  ar- 
riving.   (Part.)    One  who  enters.    The  in- 

teriorpart.  i^UJl  J^b  ^  cu^l  J 

\^-]  iJ^>  Then  I  looked  within  the 
cave,  and  beheld  a  huge  serpent  at  the  upper 
end  of  it  sleeping  over  its  ^gs.  J^lj 
^mJI,  In  the  secret,  a  confidant. 
l£^b<^£M(fem.aJ^b<^di^t7iVy(iA), 
Belating  to  the  interior.  dJi^Lb j^^t, 
Domestic  affairs,  home  affidrs.      J^U 

^l1£>«1  jJ^ ,  A  home  minister.  Secretary 
for  the  Home  Department 

j\j  dar,  A  house,  dwelliog,  mansion, 
habitation.  cl^LJl^b,  The  royal  re- 
sidence.    ^«^^^jb.  The  dwelling  of 

perdition  (likewise  hell),     ^oj^^jb, 
The  yalley  of  tears,  or  the  house  of  sorrow. 

UJl jb.  Life  eternal;  synonymous  to 

which  aroj^t^b.  The  permanent 

house.  C;J^\^\ J,  Anenemy'scountry. 

iiiuidlljb,    The    banqueting-house. 

liiJ^  jb.  An  hospital,  infirmary,  ^b 

LiiSly  The  judgment-seat,  the  tribunal 

of  justice.      JuLLUfjb  (^Ls^ljb), 
The  royal  residence,  the  metropolis. 

liuJjcl:.!^  2rJ^^  ^  c-jU  \jb\j  Uli 
^^'    ^^  t>-jf^  ^12*^1  j^jUl,  And 


when  he  saw  her  he  became  nnoonsdous  of 
his  eiistenoe,  and  the  fire  was  kindled  in  hu 
vitals,  and  he  returned  to  his  house. 

tj\  J  dard,  A  proper  name.    Darius ;  the 
Darii,  kings  of  Penia.  [life. 

^  .b  ddraynj  The  present  and  fatnre 

-cb  rfa^i.  One  who  invites  or  stimu- 
lates others  to  anything.    An  author,  a  cause. 

JLcb  da^iyat.  Necessity,  fsitality,  cause. 
Puipose,  resolution. 

^b  ddgh,  A  mark.     A  scar,  spot. 

^b  ddfi^{j^2iTi.  fem.  ^b),  Bepulsing, 
driving  back,  averting,  prohibiting,  removing. 

dftj\j  fy ,  The  repelling  power. 

^Lxib  dafi^iyahy  The  repulsing  power, 
the  repelling  power. 

^1 J  ddliyat,  A  vine.    A  thing  made  of 

palm-leaves  tied  on  the  tops  of  tbe  palm- 
oranches. 

Lib  ddliyah,  Guidance.  JLlbclClir  J 

A4>Mr  li  ^aktyha  ddliya  ^osf moA,  I 
haye  the  right  to  be  guided  by  you. 

a!  J  ddma  (in  prayer).  May  it  endure  for 
CTer.     iLai  ^b,  May  his  rirtues  be 

perpetuaL    sje-  ^b.  May  his  glory  be 

eternal  (and  in  the  feminine).  v:u>w«b 
^U^,  May  his  excellency  live  for  ever, 
^b  ddma,  The  game  of  draughts. 

JL^b  ddmiyat,  A  contusion  or  wound  on 

the  head  which  does  not  bleed. 

JUb  Ddnydl,  DanieL 

J^b  Ddtoud,  David. 

(jlJ^b  ddhish,  Astonishing. 

Jbb  ddhl,  Ingenious,  penetrating.  Sly, 
cunning,  shrewd.  [A  calamity. 

<UJ^b  ddhiyai,  An  accident,  misfortune. 
1^1  J  die,  Malady.    <-jk*^^  vi->«iP'\  )lj» 

ll^Jb  JJU-,    Vi-ll*f.   dXj^JCJi^ 

f^^\tXe\j^\  _^,  Shouldest  thou  not 

have  proceeded  in  the  path  of  virtue  and  ac- 
celerated the  cure  of  thy  malady,  and  blunted 
the  edge  of  thy  iniquity,  and  restrained  thi* 
propensity  of  thy  soul,  which  is  thy  worst 
enemy  P 


U.J 


J^d  iSjfr,  Beyol^g,   tanung  round, 

fonning  a  obtle.  Gircamlereiioe,  periphery, 
oompafli^  circuit,  orbit    Bound. 

jbU  yi  J  id*iran'md'ddr,  ad.  All  round, 
iH  the  parti  lorTDiiodiiig. 

J^  J  idfrat  or  idynA,  A  drde,  oireum- 
feiwn,  ORdt,  igtbiL     A  fttel  period,  bad 

VljJI  iy^f  And  ^  did  not  stop  until 

laniTodttit;  and  lo,  it  was  a  large  white 
toe,  of  great  height,  and  large  drcumferenee. 

«? J  idpi,  Permanent,  perpetual,  eter- 
oal,  perennial.  Alwaysi  continual.  Jtj 
l*t^ll,  Peipetnal,  always.    USlj,  Con- 

tfflDafly,  eternally,  for  erer. 
AjJ J  idjfokf  A  nurse,  a  midwife. 

V*-^  iflM,  Creeping,  crawling  (as  a  scr- 
peol],  adTBodng,  stealing  npon.  i>y^3,  a  bear. 

TheooDstellation  of  thebear.  j^i\  Oj, 

The  greater  bear.     JutH]  cliO,  The 

lesser  bear.  cL^J  J\  clJti  ^,  From 
Tooth  to  old  age.         * 

tr^lj  J  dubhdhU  (pL  of  dabhus),  Pins. 

jjj  ioidr.  Destruction. 
•  I* 
^o  dakhdgkf  A  tanner,  a  currier. 

^V^rfOd^Atfl,  The  art  of  tanning.  DaJ- 
^  *VA«,  A  tannery,  tan-yard. 

ItM  dthdaka.  The  noise  of  a  drum ; 

*^  of  a  horse's  shoes  npon  stones. 
J^'  A*',  The  backside. 

J/^dahardn  (or  ^^)/3>J^  ad  daharan), 

^^nnoik  of  the  moon^  •'.#.  The  hyades,  or 
^  «sn  in  Tavrns,  particolarly  the  brightest, 
^«nnlj  odled  Aldebann,  or  the  fiaU^s  Eye. 

t?J  ^K  Tanning  (a  hide).     Dibgh, 

%^  with  whieh  hides  axe  tanned. 
J^ J  Mi,  Viscous  fruit     BirdUme. 

^  J  iMd,  A  calamity,  adversity.    An 

iapvthvae. 

U**^,^  UHt,  A  club  or  mace  with  an 

»» J»a,  airf  by  caTahy.    A  pin. 
*U- JiJj^y,  Fowls,  bens.  Dafdjat,  Ahen. 


(145)  ^d 

^«5>>l>-i3  Jyil  Mtffoitf  (%'4;%  Extremely 

black,  pitchy,  dark. 
Jl^J  dajlfdl,  Antichrist. 
aJL£»-«>  <^7aA,  The  river  Tigris.    JliJ 

^j^  Jixi  ilicL:,,  Vilt  thou,  said 

the  Khaleefeh,  return  with  ns  to  the  riTer,  and 
station  thyself  on  the  bank  of  the  Tigris,  and 
cast  thy  net  for  my  Inck  P 

^J>'^^  dufn,  Darkness. 

d^up^J  dijnat,  Darkness.    A  black  cloud 

overspreading  the  heayens  and  pregnant  with 
rain.  (A  day  or  night)  obscured  by  clouds. 
Jhifnaij  (Camels,  etc.)  of  an  ugly  black  colour. 

.\^Jdukhdn,  Smoke,  Tobacco,   lai^-li 


ji:Jjii*^[^\^^\j*^^ 


LlJJ\Ii^J^J\JKL^\sS^^\,^^a^^J 


Attend  then  to  my  charge,  and  eschew  dis- 
obedience to  me;  adopt  my  example,  and 
ponder  well  my  prorerbs ;  for  if  thou  take  my 
counsel  as  thy  counsellor,  and  the  light  that  I 
give  thee  as  the  morning  light,  thy  storehouse 
will  be  full  and  thy  hospitable  smoke  will  arise. 

Jf^  J  dakhl,  Intervention,  meddling,  in- 
fluence, interposition.  [lytes. 

)U^  J  dukhaki,  Intimate  friends.    Prose- 
^«p- J  dalhn,  The  grain  millet. 

J^J  dukhul,  Entering,  commencing. 

The  consummation  of  marriage,  the  positive 
act  of  sexual  intercourse.    Entrance,  access. 

^  jUJ\^  Jl^Sl  C^  ^  JUJ\  He 

thereupon  gave  orders  for  the  entry  of  the 
troops,  who  accordingly  entered;  and  they 
loaded  the  camels  with  part  of  those  riches  and 

minerals.  I^Llj^I:c^jl«^\  J^j^^^ 

<uIc^aLLs  JU)\,  Whoso  arriveth  to 

our  city,  and  entereth  it  (God  facilitating  his 
entrance  into  it),  let  him  take  as  much  of  the 
wealth  as  he  can. 

J«£».  J  dakhll,  A  proselyte. 

10 


TV' 


(146) 


*;•» 


J  J  durr,  A  pearL    Pearls.     See  jlj). 

e^J^b^  (^ara^oifiiii,  A  fence,  a  parapet 
of  paling  or  lattice  work. 

^\jJ  durrd^,  An  upper  garment  for 

men  or  women,  of  cotton  or  other  rtoif.    A 
8oldier*B  cloak,  a  cniraas,  a  corslet. 

^;Sl^J  dardktn,  A  peach. 

^tj  J  dir&him,  Dirhems,  ooinB,  money. 

dj}jj  dw&yat^  Intelligence,  tact,  judg- 
ment,   ^jt^^  Ja^,  Judgment  and  tact. 
^jJ  darl,  Way.  Jj J^l  i-^J  darh-al- 


hadtd,  A  railway.  At  the  first  landing  of  the 
representatiTes  of  the  company  at  Alexandretta, 
workmen  will  flock  and  rush  from  e^ery  part 
of  the  world,  to  come  and  ask  employment  in 
Darh-el-Hind — ^the  road  of  India.  The  people 
of  the  East  are  in  eeneral  good,  soher,  actiTO, 
hardworking,  and  do  not  drink  spirits ;  they 
are  affectionate  and  submissiye.  With  the  aid 
of  such  men,  directed  by  EngUsh  masters  and 
engineers,  the  Synf-Mesopotamian  Bulway  in 
a  few  years  will  become  a  reality.  The  marshes 
which  affect  the  air  of  Alexandretta  will  be 
easily  removed  and  conyerted  into  magnificent 
docks,  like  those  of  liyerpool,  and  Alexandretta 
will  become  an  immense  town,  and  its  beauti- 
ful bay  will  be  surrounded  by  rich  yillages, 
splendid  palaces,  and  it  will  haye  the  ap- 
pearance of  the  nayal  and  military  seaport 
of  Ferrol  in  Spain,  to  which  it  bears  so  much 
resemblance.  The  immense  ranges  of  the 
Amanus  mountains,  which  the  spectator  can 
see  from  Aleppo  at  the  distance  of  four  days' 
riding,  the  b^utifiil  plains  of  Antioch  and 
Dana,  Jabal  Samaan,  or  Mount  Saint  Simon, 
the  whole  of  that  countnr,  which  is  so  fertile 
and  well  watered,  will  be  like  an  immense 
garden  coyered  with  trees  and  beautiful  towns, 
surpassing  in  magnificence  the  most  picturesque 
and  the  richest  countries  in  the  world.  The 
immense  plains  which  extend  from  Aleppo  to 
Bagdad,  intersected  by  the  Euphrates  and  the 
Tigris,  will  become  an  uninterrupted  continua- 
tion of  magnificent  fields,  ricn  farms  and 
sumptuous  palaces,  and  become,  as  it  was  for- 
merly, an  earthly  paradise.  The  Euphrates 
and  the  Tigris  will  become  like  the  Toames, 
coyered  with  hundreds  of  small  steamboats, 
plying  from  one  locality  to  the  other.  If  the 
ancient  inhabitants  of  Nineyeh,  Babylon, 
Palmyra,  and  Antioch,  who  had  not  the  im- 
mense means  afforded  by  the  power  of  Steam, 
conyerted  Syria  and  Mesopotamia  into  such  a 
flourishing  empire,  what  could  not  a  great 
colonizing  public  company  do,  supported  by 
Great  Britain  and  the  Goyemment  of  His 
Imperial  Majesty  the  Sultan, — a  company 
composed  of  all  the  nations  of  the  globe, 
haying  at  their  disposal  the  neoesniry  funds 
and  tiie  power  of  Steam-^that  great  inyention, 


which  doei  honour  to  mankind  in  general, 
and  to  our  time  in  particular? — Extract  froa 
*'  The  Syro-Mesopotamian  Railway." 

Jcjjj  darhandf  A  narrow  and  difilcult 

pass  through  mountaini.  A  dangerous  road 
on  account  of  bandittL 

ijj  durrat,  A  large  pearl.      -.\sl\  i,t«), 
The  largest  pearl  in  a  royal  erown.^ 

^j  J  darf,  Placing  anything  in  a  casket 

Introducing  any  word  or  phrase  in  a  written 
paper,  inserting. 

iJL>\>'ji}  darajdt,  Steps,  ladders,  staiiB. 

^jJ  darafah,  A  step  of  a  staircase  or 

ladder.  A  degree.  A  degree  in  rank.  An 
astronomical  or  geographical  degree. 

tijJ  dard,  Grief,  afiiiction,  torment 
jjj  durar  (pl.of^Je^tirr),  Predoos  pearls. 
fjsJj  \^\yc  cu^  ^\  ^)\  4^U 


thou  not  obserye,  that  when  the  wind  blovi 
with  great  yiolenoe,  it  breaketh  but  the  greatest 
trees  r  and  dost  thou  not  notice  that  oorpMf 
float  upon  the  sea,  while  the  precioiia  pearli 
remain  in  its  farthest  depths  ? 

jji}  darz,  The  sewing,  hem,  or  selvage  (of 
a  garment). 

v^j  J  durzl,  Druze. 

^^t^  dors,  Beading,  a  lecture,  a  lesson. 
Instruction.  [leather,  or  mail 

6jJ  ddr^,   Annonr,  whether   of  iron, 

ci^l^J  darak&tf   Steps  for  descending. 
The  lowest  degrees.    The  deepest  pita  of  hell. 

i^jti  darakatf  A  descending  step.    The 
lowest  degree. 

J^^  J  diurHin,  The  Dmzes,  a  powerfiil  and 

intelligent  people,  who  inhabit  the  aonthen 
part  of  Mount  Lebanon,  and  the  Haonian,  a 


country  lyinff  to  the  south-east  of  Di 
The  Druses  bear  a  striking  reaembbuioe  to  the 
Maronites  in  their  mode  of  life,  form  of  goyem- 
ment, language,  and  customs ;  religion  consti- 
tutes the  principal  difference  between  then. 
See  Sil.  de  Sacy,  **  £xpoe6  de  la  Reli^on  des 
Brazes."  See  also  ''Journal  AsiaUqne  di 
Paris,"  yol.  zx..  General  Alphabetical  Index 
of  the  Writers,  under  the  paragraph  Catafingo. 

^^jj  J  darufiBh^  Poor,  indigent.   A  der- 
yise,  a  religious,  a  monk. 

A^j  J  darham,  A  silver  coin.    A  drachm, 
'   or  drachma,  of  which  400  make  one  okka,  anii 
about  140  a  pound  ayoirdupoia. 


(147) 


OJJ 


Jjjd  imydk  (Greek),  Treacle. 

ijjjd  itoM  (Italian),  A  dozen. 

jf^  dtutOr,  Leave,  permiedon,  licence, 
difmudon,  oonff6.  Tha  prime  minister,  a  yizir, 
scnitor,  ooimsdlor  of  ptete.  A  model,  an  ez- 
emplir,  a  nile,  bins,  foundation,  a  canon,  the 
ori^al  of  a  book,  a  record,  a  formula,  or  any 
vniiog  ofandunity  to  wfaich  people  have  re- 
com.  Gtttom,  mode,  manner.  Conititation, 
pririlege.  A  ewtonurj  fee,  tax,  or  percentage. 

/•J^jjfmtJ,  An  illnBtrious  counsellor. 

J^\jf^,  A  model,  rule,  regpilation. 
^•4^4>^Mi^flMfi,  An  enem7,foe,adver8ar7. 
^J<^^  (imp.),  Let.   i^^j\^^Jdu^l 

o^f  Let  me  go.    ^^^^  ^  \j  ^  JUi 

Liih  IfJuu^  uliU^  J\  ifry  ^^ 

ijif^  JSUl  4IX)  9  He  therefore  said 

to  him:  0  king,  let  ns  retom  to  thj  mother, 
and  aeqaaint  her  with  the  case,  and  I  will  ask 
ba  to  permit  me  to  take  thee  with  me,  and  de« 
iDud  the  Qneen  Joharah  in  marriage  for  thee. 

U  J  iu^.  An  invocation,  prayer,  saluta- 
tioQ,  oongratolation.  Inritation,  convocation, 
ordenagoneto  come  or  bring.  An  imprecation. 

^Uj  dHdmai,  A  pillar,  a  column,  a 
pn^p.  Toe  {Hilar  (•*.«.  the  prince  or  minister] 
of  a  nation,  the  support  or  chief  of  a  family. 
Tke  two  dieck-pisoes  of  a  pulley  which  snp- 
IMrt  the  axle. 

viilfJ  <£i^clvf ,  Claims,  causes,  lawsuits. 

^^Ujklt^U  nazirul  da^wl,  The  min- 
uter of  jnsiioe. 
^J  da-^if  Trampling  under  foot. 

w\2ji2a^ib,  Bubbing,  smoothing  (cloth). 

if^  d^^wat,  (pi.  Cj\yiJ),  A  prayer, 

^aedietion.  An  invocation,  convocation.  An 
3**«nMy,  a  convivial  meeting. 

^4f"i  ia-ABl  and  1^  J  da^d,  A  lawsuit. 
^^^itamoik,  ambition.    Claim,  demand. 

oArj  iagkdaffhat,  Titillation,  causing 
oet  to  kngh  by  tickling. 

^0  iagUy  Vice,  depraWty,  corruption. 
A  ffifcrt,  a  fliicket,  a  wood,  a  grove.  Luxu- 
ru&t  eotaagkd  herbage. 

«*->»3  ^/,  A  single  drum,  a  cymbal,  a 
tMjW  de  baique.  It  is  of  Arabian  origin, 
and  utn>diieed  by  the  Saracens  into  Spain. 

^J  <isf  (pL  fc-JyJ),  A  drum. 


*li  J  dafaa.  Wanning,  cherishing,  putting 
on  a  warm  garment. 

J}\iJ  dafdtir,  Books,  registers. 
uJb J  daffttf,  Drummers,  players  on  the 

mm 

drum  called  i^^J. 

JlJ  J  daffat,  Either  side  of  anything,    lii  J 

c.-?\::j31.  The  two  boards  of  a  book,  or 
anything  similar,  between  which  a  volume  is 
oontainra ;  the  two  skins  of  a  drum ;  the  two 
sides  or  flaps  of  a  saddle. 

^  J  dafiar  (pl.^U  J),  A  book,  a  register, 

journal,  roll,  list,  catalogue,  inventory,  account- 
Dook,  an  index. 

•^J^J  daftarddr,  The  high  treasurer, 
the  intendant  of  the  finances. 

^fc>   daf^    Bepulsion,   driving  away, 

putting  at  a  distance,  to  give,  to  pay. 

djjff    dJiJ    J*D-  ^   ^    V--.-*^J    (Jj 

••  m  «»  M 

jjj\f  <iui  \j\  U«/>ri  ^  At  jLul 

And  arise,  and  procure  for  me  a  rope,  and  tie 
one  end  of  it  to  a  tree,  and  let  down  to  me  its 
other  end,  that  I  may  lay  hold  of  it ;  perhaps 
I  may  so  escape  from  my  present  state :  and  I 
will  give  thee  all  the  treasure  that  I  possess. 

ho  J  daf^  (pi.  (Ji;Ui  J),  One  time,  once 

a  moment,  an  instant,  i^^^  ItiiJ, 
All  at  once,  at  one  stroke ;  for  this  time. 

j;i J  dafk,  Flowing,  pouring  out  water. 

^J3J  dafn,  Interring,  burying. 

Axi  J  dafnah,  A  laurel  tree.  The  nymph 
Daphne,  who  was  turned  into  the  laurus  or 
bay-tree.  The  Grove  of  Daphne  was  planted 
by  Seleucus,  the  Syrian  monarch,  for  the  em- 
bellishment of  his  capital,  but  subsequently 
it  proved  fatal  to  the  JEU>man  veterans.    See 


^LxJ  J  dqflne,  Buried  treasure. 

jj  dakk,   Beating,  bruising,    braying, 

grinding,  diminishing.  c-^Ul  JJ,  To 
knock  at  the  gate. 

J;jU J  ddkayiky  Subtilties,  small  things. 
Miuutes,  moments. 

<LiJ  dikkat,  Diligence,  punctuality,  ac- 
curacy, care.    A  subtile  or  minute  thing. 

^  Jj  J  dakdakah,  Sound  of  horses'  feet. 


J- 


(148) 


i^jUiJ  DakydniUf  Decios,  a  proper 
name.  [Anything  small.    Fk>nr. 

^jJjtMslk  (fern.  IjuS*^),  SubtilOi  minute. 

Cj^  dakh,  Loading  a  gnn. 

^Jid  dukdn  (pi.  ^j;-^*3)i  A  shop,  a 

work-abop. 
^^ec^l^  J  dukdnft,  k  shop-keeper,  a  trader. 

JH  J  daldl,  TendemefiSy  great  care,  mag- 
nificence. JUjJIjjJl  ^  Uy  Uf)t  J 

JUJ^j  ^i;****^^  h^3 9  ^®y  ^6^®  6^^*" 
cated  witii  great  care,  ma^pfioence,  and  ten- 
derness, and  instructed  in  polite  arts  and 
accomplishments.  They  learned  caligraphy 
and  general  science,  and  the  art  of  adminis- 
tration, and  horsemanship,  until  Hiej  attained 
the  utmost  perfection,  and  becamedistinguished 
by  consummate  beauty  and  loTeliness. 

JUj  dalldl,  A  public  crier,  a  herald.  An 
auctioneer,  a  broker,  a  seller  of  horses,  mules. 


J.^1,  And  the  broker  uncovered  her 

fkce,  wheretq>on  the  place  was  illuminated  by 
her  beauty ;  and  there  hune  down  seTen  locu 
of  hair,  reaching  to  her  anklets,  like  the  tails 
of  horses. 

iSii^  daldlatf  A  direction,  guide,  sign, 
mark,  indication,  signification,  demonstration, 
argument.  Dilalat,  Brokerage,  the  auctioneer's 

allowance.  ^1  J,  A  female  guide,  abawd. 

JIjUj  daldyl,  Arguments,  demonstrations. 

ij^  JjSj  i^jj  f/nrid  dalall  kawiyah^ 
He  uses  yery  strong  arguments. 

c^  J  duUh^  A  plane-tree. 

^^  J  dalfln,  The  dolphin. 

jS  J  dalwy  dalaw,  A  bucket,  an  urn.  The 
sign  Aquarius. 

JJj  daklj  A  guide,  a  director.  An 
argument,  proof,  demonstration,  a  syllogism. 

Direction,  indication.   ^Jlc  JJjJt  Jjb 

4^yi  hal  addahl  ^ahih  iawi.  Is  the 
'proof  of  it  strong? 


A  J  damm  (pi.  U  J  dtmd),  Blood. 

^U J  dmaff  Perdition,  deetmctioD. 

6  Uj  dimdffhf  The  brain.  The  upp« 
jaw,  the  soft  part  between  the  jawa. 

jHbL«  J  JDnnmkky  Damascus.  This  citi 
was  the  general  resideBoe  of  the  khalifii  c 
the  boose  of  Ommiah.  The  §[reat  moaqu 
was  magmficent  beyond  desoriptuni,  the  wall 
being  of  the  finest  marble,  tne  roof  of  tii 
and  the  uudde  profusely  decorated  with  gold 
dWer,  and  gems.  Jjurinf  the  conyukioi] 
which  in  the  end  ruined  uie  empire  of  tii 
khaUfs,  it  had  many  changes  of  masters,  ani 
was  at  lastdeatroyedby  TamerUne,  ad.  140( 
The  gardens,  or  rather  the  inclosed  plants 
tions,  which  encompass  the  town  on  eyery  sidi 
and  extend  for  seyeral  miles  into  the  plaii 
form  a  rich  lone  of  yc^ure  not  to  be  seen  i 
any  otiier  part  of  the  world.  In  the  bloesomiiij 
season  they  are  yery  attraetiya,  this  eoantr 
being  justly  celebrated  for  the  yariety,  abond 
anoe,  and  ezodlenoe  of  its  fruits. 

wf  J  and  ij(^ J  daim^at  (pi.  9y*^^t  ^ 
tear.    Damt'^a^,  Prone  to  we^  (a  woman). 

4^  J  dunUuff  A  bracelet  worn  aboTe  th* 

elbow;  a  shackle;  also  an  amulet  fiutene 
round  that  part  as  a  charm  against  fincinatioi 

c  yt  J  <foma^,Tear8.  ^li^yul  ^^U1 1^^  \ 
Ujjl  J>:*'^»  Weep,  0  men,  for  i 

you  do  not  weep,  you  will  yie  with  each  oth< 
in  weeping ;  for  those  in  hell  weep  in  the  fire,  t 
that  tiieir  tears  fall  like  grain  on  their  ch^ek 
till  the  tears  stop  and  blood  pours  iTiateftd. 

i^y*i  datnafffl,  Of  a  sanguine  tempers 
ment. 

tL« J  Dimydt,  Damiata  in  Egypt. 

if'Uj^na0^,Ba8enBSs,worthle88ne8s.  B* 
ing  bad,  mean,  base,  abject,  careless  of  censui 

UjJ  dandsat,  Filth.    Impurity.      LeJ 

soeyer  thou  doest  I  will  requite  thee  for  it,  a 
thou  wilt  be  rewarded  for  it;  for  thoa  i 
experienced  in  the  management  of  affairs,  a 
yery  deyer  in  intrigue,  and  eyerything  that 
cult  becometh  easy  to  thee. 

3  J  dandh  (pi.  mU  j1),  a  taU. 


ly 


(  14&  )  Jj  J 


^0  damif  Dirty.    Impure. 

^J  daitaif  Impurity. 

yJ  (ItfitA,  Approaching,  ac66ding.    Fro- 
puKjnitj.    The  lowest  d^ree  of  basenett. 

^Jioi^,  A  worthless  scoundrel.  Yicious, 

coatemptiUe,  illiberal,  abject,  weak,  wretched, 
dnboiot,  caieles  of  repatatioiL  Plebeiaii|  of 
ameunsL 

LJ  J  itB^d,  The  world,     ul^li^  ss^ 

•^^  'jr«*  L^*  Jy^j  W  '^^^^  ^:r^» 

Sudi  m  the  charaeterutioB  of  the  world: 
confide  not,  tboefore,  in  it,  nor  incline  to  it ; 
for  it  will  betray  bim  who  dependeth  upon  it| 
tsd  who,  in  hiB  affairs,  relieth  upon  it. 

^^j  dwtyawi,  Worldly,  pertaining  to 
thif  worldi  temponL 

\j  isvd,  A  medicine,  a  remedy.    T^jJl 

Tj  ^yo  Le  \j^,  addawd  katiran  md 
yMn  da.    Very  frequently  medicine  is  sick- 

0698  itself.     i*le^\  \jJ  dawd  al  ham 

MOM,  lit  The  medicine  of  the  bath,  a  kind 
of  pMts  eompoeed  of  aiaeiiic  and  qi^-lime 
for  taking  off  hairs. 

vV  ^^^*^h  Cattle,  heaets.    vr-*\  vVr  i 
j^\  s^t^  yj^  ^\j  ^\j\  \J^^^  ^\ 

JQiA\  M^ae.  (jM^^y  I  imagined  that 

it  was  a  wild  beast,  or  one  of  the  beasts  of  the 
Ka;  and  I  walked  towards  it,  ceasing  not  to 
pit  at  it ;  and  lo,  it  was  a  nare  of  saperb 
>ppesnnee. 

V^^  danffdh^  Name  of  a  province  in 

Hodostaa,  from  its  sitoation  between  two 
riTen,  the  Omi^a  and  the  Tamyina  (the  Ganges 
tad  Juina).  [Inkstand. 

Tyi  dawdi  (pi.  d^UI^ J),  An  ink-holder. 

j'O  dlswvdr.  That  which  turns  round, 

i^Q^etes,  rcTolfss  eontinaaUy. 
"  I* 
^/j^  dmcwdrai.  Anything  round  and 

nuaonble.  A  eirenlar  tumnltu  of  sand.  A 
ax^  [versatile.    Variable. 

«J;V  'i^'vwdrf.    Periodical,    circular. 

^^y  fapdAl  (pL  of  f^b).  Calamities. 

V^  ♦  ^j\^  ^^-f-.  ^y  U-Jj 


^n^^^]^^^Jt^^^   U   W;5ll 


We  have  become  distracted  in  mind,  perplexed, 
seeking  to  draw  near,  without  means  of  doing 
so.  liie  calamities  of  lore  increase  upon  os, 
and  the  lightest  endurance  of  love  is  very 
heavy  tons. 

u^^jJ  dawdKb  (pi.  of  <-^X^J),  Wheels. 

f\^J  dawdm,  Perpetuity,  duration,  per- 
severing. (•1^'ji^  iJ^>  Continually, 
aasiduously.  ^ 

£«ljj  duiodmai,  A  hoy's  top. 
C^blj  J  dawdydt  (pi.  of  i^^  J)>  Inkstands. 
^|^JiJafi^dyr(pl.of2ylJ<toyiraA),  Circles. 

^^j  J  dawhat,  A  garden. 

ifj^J  Jo^^  (pi.  JjJ  i^tti),   A  worm. 

jj^\jyd  dadid  harir,  The  silkworm. 

jj  J  ({<9frr,  A  circle,  circuit,  an  orb,  an 

orbit,   jj J  dmor,  Turn,    i^^j J  i«fwl, 

My  turn,  j^ jJ\  ^H  c^\  ^^^  Jj^\  b^ 

^^JfJ J  ofid  Kfii  an  al^ab  Uan  addawr 

dawrlf  I  am  willing  to  play,  because  it  is  my 
turn. 

^tji^  J  dawardn,  A  reyolution,  period,  a 

circle,  cycle.  Time,  an  age.  Fortune,  vids- 
sitnde. 

iS^O  dawhat^  A  brawl,  a  quarrel,  a  moh. 

u^^j  J  ddldhf  A  wheel.     A  machine  in 

the  walls  of  monasteries,  hospitals,  lazarettos, 
etc.,  into  which  people  on  the  outside  put 
victuals  and  other  necessaries,  and  then,  turn- 
ing it  upon  its  axis,  leave  them  to  be  carried 
off  by  tnose  within. 

^^  J  dawlatf  Fortune,  prosperity,  happi- 
ness, felicity,  wealth.      Empire,  monarchy, 

dominion,  power,  y^^j  CJ^\  ^f  *) 

'\j^'i\J\^  ll^J^\  mVjIj  ^  (.ji  siU  4 

m 

And  <m  the  following  day  the  king  mounted, 
together  with  the  loras  ii  the  empire  and  all 
the  princes  \  and  all  the  soldiers  walked  with 
him  through  the  city  a&d  returned. 

iLj\A^\  XJjil\  £]^J  dawM  id^Uyah  al- 

tumdniyah,  The  Ottoman  Government,  the 
Government  of  his  Imperial  Majesty  the  Sul- 
tan. It  is  generally  thought  that  had  Sultan 
Mahmud  concluded  an  arrangement  with  Great 
Britain  for  the  organiaation  of  a  public  navi- 

gition    company    on    the   Euphrates   when 
enenl  Chemcy— that  distinguishedofficer  snd 


Uo 


(150) 


enterprising  trayeller — was  engi^;ed  in  the 
Enpbrates  expedition,  Ibrahim  Pasha  would 
not  have  darea  to  occnpy  all  Syria  and  a  great 
part  of  Asia  Minor,  and  defy  and  defeat  the 
Bultan's  armies  during  ten  years,  np  to  the 
proclamation  of  Snltan  Abanlmejid.  It  is 
true  that  at  that  time  there  ezistea  difficulties 
of  no  common  kind,  but  tiiey  were  rather  of  a 
moral  than  a  physicAl  nature,  and  arose  prin- 
cipally from  a  systematic  opposition  to  all 
attempts  at  improvement  on  ue  part  of  the 
barbarous  hordes  that  enoompassea  tiie  theatre 
of  the  investigations  of  the  EngliA  enedition ; 
and  therefore  it  was  then  suspected  that  Uttie 
more  would  be  derived  from  General  Chesney's 
arduous  undertaking  than  the  resolving  oi  a 
few  geographical  and  astronomical  desiderata, 
notwithstanding  his  superior  intelligence,  in- 
defatigable perseverance,  and  undaunted  cou- 
rage. If,  however,  Sultan  Mahmud  had 
understood  the  immense  results  and  the  great 
advantages  of  such  an  arrangement  for  tiie 
Ottoman  Empire,  he  would  have  done  every- 
thing in  his  power  to  overcome  those  local  and 
moru  difficulties,  as  he  had  overcome  otiber 
difficulties  which  were  far  more  serious.  If 
Sultan  Abdulmejid,  immediately  after  the 
evacuation  of  Syria  by  the  Egyptian  army, 
had  concluded  a  convention  with  Great  Britain 
for  the  organization  of  a  public  railway  com- 
pany to  India,  through  the  Euphrates  valley, 
many  disagreeable  events  which  took  place 
under  his  reign  would  not  have  taken  place  at 
all.  Now  let  the  ministers  of  His  mperial 
Majesty  the  Sultan  avail  themselves  of  tiie 
lesson  of  the  past  for  the  fiiture,  and  hasten 
the  realization  ef  this  immense  project,  which 
is  of  the  greatest  importance  for  the  Ottoman 
Empire.  As  the  Ottoman  Empire  has  under- 
gone a  truly  happy  revolution  under  tiie 
auspices  of  His  Imperial  Majesty  the  reigning 
Sultan  Abdulaziz,  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  this 
project  will  be  inaugurated  and  achieved  under 
the  same  glorious  rei^  otherwise  a  great  part 
of  Sjria  will  be  rumed  on  account  of  the 
opening  of  the  Suez  Canal,  whidi  is  so  fiital 
to  that  part  of  the  Ottoman  Empire. — ^Extract 
from  ^  The  Syro-Mesopotamian  Railway.*' 

JoljJ  dawlatln,  Fortunate,  happy,  pro- 
sperous, powerful,  rich.  A  prince,  a  lord,  a 
gentieman.    Most  illustrious  or  excellent. 

^^J  dan,  Base,  mean,  inferior^  ignoble, 
j^  J  ^  min  dun,  Without.     ^^  J  ^^ 

i^j^\  min  dUn  amrl,  Without  my  order. 

C^j\>^\  ^^J  ^  min  dan  qfdtatak, 

Without  your  permission.     ^jO^j^ 

l^\  SjjM^mindUnma^rifatahlh,  With- 
out the  knowledge  of  his  father.  • 

jJUj  daKatin  (pi.  of  jJjbJ),  Passages, 
vestibules. 

^U  J  dahhan,  One  who  anoints  with  oil. 


jibt}dahr,  Time,  a  year,  an  age,  a  thousand 
years,  eternity.  Fortune,  &te.  Adverse  fortune. 

danger.  j}j*^\  ^J^'H  ^'ij*^j^'^^ 

j^sf^\  u:-^,  The  world  like  a  wheel 

rolls  roundfWherein  pleasure  with  pain  revohefi 
Now  the  youth  soars  above  the  aeavens,  sd<! 
now  behold  him  low  under  the  stones. 

\jibJ  dahran,  Perpetually. 

4,^  J  dahri,  Secular,  temporal,  worldly 
DuhrJf  Aged,  very  old. 

^JuJbJ  dahash,  Striking  with  astoniflh* 
ment  or  consternation. 

^JjJbJ  dashatf  dishat,  Amazement,  wonder 
Fear,  apprehension.  Being  abashed,  disconi 
certed,  oonfosed. 

jJj^J  dahllz,  A  yestibule,  a  passage 
place  between  two  gates,  or  between  the  oote 

gate  and  the  house.  ^J^  IPir!  (^ 

i^\jj  *\j^i\,  And  they  ceased  not  t 

proceed  until  they  arrived  at  the  vestibule  c 
the  palace;  and  he  was  riding.  Then  fa 
alighted  fit)m  his  horse,  and  hisuther  and  tfa 
prinees  carried  him  on  their  bosoms  and  amu 
and  seated  him  upon  the  throne  of  the  kio| 
d6m,  while  his  father  and  the  princes  aii 
stood  before  him. 

^J  dahn,  Anointing.  Duhn,  Oil 
Ointment,  fat. 

iiJbi}  duhne,  Grease,  fat 

^ybJ  duhUr  (pi.  ofybJ),  Ages,  times. 

di^b  J  dlyHt,  Fines,  mulcts. 

jbj  diffdr,  A  country,  a  district;   i 

Jjj\lJ.  The  town  of  Diarbekr,  i 
Mesopotamia. 

^\J J  dayydn,  A,  weigher  of  good  ai 

evil;  hence  an  epithet  of  God.  Compatin 
settling  accounts  with  another.    A  judge. 

£lJj  dayydnatf  Obserration  of  religio: 

v^^  J  dlh  for  L.^  J  %lh.  A  wolf. 

— .L)t>  Hh&j,    A  brooade  vith  a  ri< 


edging. 


boil 


ur» 


W 


^Af^  Wj  •-r*"*'^  ur*  **^^  kJ 


crf^ 


(151) 


1j 


yJ\  Cf^jl]   ^,    In  it    was    a 

pirflioii  of  brooade,  ziued  upon  eolumiif  of 
gold,  lad  within  thia  wen  tarda,  the  feet  of 
vlodi  were  of  emenUds. 

A>Ij  J  iihdjat,  The  pra&oe,  exordium, 
ff  pifaaUe  to  a  book  (m  being  generally 
¥ntteaia  an  oniamented  atyle,  and  adornea 
▼ith  2;i]ding  and  other  decorations). 

^J^^  i^\f  And  I  was  seeking, 

fas  jny  cvliaat  ontflowinga  till  my  latest 
Mem^  m  erery  direction  for  a  ^netona 
na,  to  whom  I  might,  by  a  weU-inrented 
pn&caar  exodimn,  expose  my  great  want 

^O  Hfstj  The  law  of  retaliation,  an 
eipatny  mulct  !br  murder.  In  the  time  of 
iMilmaflab  (prince  or  chief  of  the  Eoreiah 
tribe,  nd  gnndfather  to  Mahomet)  the  mnlct 
^  «  the  price  of  a  man's  blood  was  ten 
^aelf;  which  being  paid  to  the  hein  or 
ifsotielitioos  of  the  deceased,  the  mnrderer 
vnproteeted  from  all  farther  pttniahment  or 
conre.  In  the  Smmah,  howerer,  the  fine 
mndied  to  100  camela. 


j^«^«)^«X;f&r,  Darkness,  obscurity.  Very 

iuk  night 

^uiJjJi^dfi,  A  watch,  a  guard,  spy, 

a  o]Mr?er,  die  fangnaxd. 
j^*>  imfTf  A  monastery.    A  oouTent. 
w^*5  ^  (pi.  cLi^  J),  A  cock. 
^^J  daymnmai,  Continued  duration, 


^jfji  %»,  Debt,  loan.  ^ J  ^Jl£  ^olayAi 

^  He  is  a  debtor  to  him.    ^  J  d^ 

Us  %»,  He  is  his  creditor.     c\j 

^«>llf  k^a  hidayn^  He  sold  it  qpon 
CKBdit,  or  he  gare  a  delay  for  payment. 

^i  ^  Paith,    religion,     worship. 

|»U cifi iVmet^  ^Jiftft  Muhammad 

t«^A  sMc/Sm,  The  religion  of  Mohammad, 

^  pesos  be  with  him!    «^<uuJl  ^J 

*»«^ii«fA,Theidigionof  Christ  ^J 
*>}(J^  fosZyoAilJ,  The  Jewish  religion. 
^/4it  ^j1\  ^/«i|^.  Knowledge  is  tiie 

^«f  rdigioii. 

M'i^mr,  A  dinar,  a  ducat.    A  gold 


l^iile  ^^fcfA^j  ^^J^3  \^S\  ^  Jlij 

the  nurdener  took  the  pieces  of  gold  and  said 
to  ttiem,  Kiter,  and  aivert  YOurselTea;  for 
the  whole  is  yonr  property,  ana  sit  down  until 
I  bring  yon  something  to  eat. 

ij^  J  dlniinat^  The  last  judgment. 
_:jJ  iinl  (fem.  ^^J)i  Beligious. 

^^^«3  iiwdn,  A  royal  court.   A  tribunal 

of  justice,  reyenne,  etc.  A  council  of  state,  a 
senate,  or  diyan.    The  Khalifs  of  the  house  of 

Abbas  constituted  a  divan  (called  ^^^^ 
JUx«!1,  the  court  of  oppression),  which 

took  cognizance  of  all  the  acts  of  i^nnyof 
the  great  men  throughout  the  empire.  The 
EhaSbb  themaeWes  for  some  time  presided  in 
it ;  but  in  the  reign  of  Moetader  (about  the 
beginning  of  the  tenth  century)  a  woman,  ac- 
cording to  some  historians,  discharged  the 

office  of  president.  ^|^3J1  (^^,  The 
president  of  the  council,  the  high  chancellor. 

^^l^  ^\^  J,  The  august  or  imperial 
court 
^yj^  dlwdn,  A  complete  series  of  odes 

or  other  poems  by  one  author,  runnin?  through 
the  whole  alphabet:  the  rhymes  of  the  first 

dass  terminating  in  1,  the  second  iu 
c->,  the  third  in  C^.     ^j^}/^  tj^yi^ 

^jli5\,  diic&n  omar  ebn  elfarda,  The 

Section  of  the  poems  of  Omar-ebn-el-Fardi 
(of  the  amorous  Kind).  Also  the  collection  of 
the  works  of  one  author  in  prose,  as  well  as 
yerse,  especially  after  he  is  dead.  Ltuidn  sig- 
nifies dso  a  recueil,  or  miscellaneous  collection 
from  d^erent  authors. 

c^«£  J  dayyiUy  A  contented  cuckold,  tin 

infamous  pimp  to  his  own  wife. 
^^ J  <%flft  (pi.  of  ^ji J),  Debts,  etc. 


J  sdl,  The  ninth  letter  of  the  Arabic 
alphabet,  denotinff  in  arithmetic  700.  In  the 
almanacs  it  is  used  as  a  contraction  for  the  last 

month  of  the  Arabian  year  ijs^\^0\ 

as  \  J  is  the  character  for  Sj^^jP, 
The  penult  month. 

1 J  sd  (in  composition,  ace.  of  ^  J  %u)t 
Possessing,  lord  or  owner  of,  endowed  with. 


1 


U.J 


(152) 


}^ 


^Ij  saiiXy   A  saorificer,   a  cutter,  a 

batcher.  ^^  jJl  Juui,  Two  bright  stars 
in  the  left  horn  of  Oapricom. 
c:^U  %ai  (fern,  of  j J),  Possessed  of,  or 
endowed  with,      c,  ■^;.<r  ^  cl^f  J,  The 

pleurisy.  0^i;jL)f  J,  An  inflammation 
in  the  lungs. 

d^l  J  sd^,  A  person's  own  self,  a  person 
or  personage  of  distinction,  the  essence  or 

identity  of  any  matter.  G\  J  ^jt»ij  ^, 


Ofhisownaooord.  4:L>^jil  wt,  Anoun 

sabstantire.  ^ 

c:j1  jJb  hmSLty  ad.  In  person,  personally. 

Uu  sd^,  Inreality,  essentially,  really. 

JU  sd/f,  (fem.  ^t  J  sd^oA),  Pertain- 
ing to  a  person,  or  essence  of  anything.  Per- 
sonal, essential,  substantial,  natural. 

l1/^  J  %AU,  He,  that      Ji\  ulilj  (or 

ui^jll  \1S\S),  Then,  at  that  time. 

J^i^  zdkir,   Bemembering,   grateful,   a 
praiser  of  Ood.    Thankful. 

^j^^  J  %&Jciriyahf  Beminiscence,  remem- 
brance, the  faculty  of  remembering.  Memory, 
retention,  mental  remembrance. 

u^i  J  sdAf3,  Gk>ing  away. 
Jjb^  J  sdAf7,  Careless,  forgetful. 
wo^  J  sdyi.  Liquid,  melting. 
JjIj  wayh  (fem.  iA}\j),  Tasting. 

^b  J  wuh&bat,  One  fly.     The  remainder 

of  anyfhinr,  the  balance  of  a  debt  Zitbhabat^ 
A  withered  hanging  lip. 

f^J  Mobh,  A  saerifloe,  slaughter,  catting, 
.   splitting,  cleaning.    Cuttbg  the  throat 

JjJ  ulU,  Languishing,  withering,  be^- 
coming  attenuated  or  weak. 

Hjj  9ablat,  One  globule  of  dung. 
^Ift  J  %akh&yr  (pi.  of  Sj^j),  Treasure, 

stores,  proTision.  Ul^l  l3^1  jJL.^ 

^\  ^yaJ\  L^\ji\  LiUi,  ♦  \jj\ijj 

b^r^jl  U^  l3^  U  l:^y^.  So  there- 
upon we  put  out  our  riches  and  our  treasures, 
locked  the  gates  of  the  fbrtreases  in  our  city, 


and  submitted  ourselTes  to  the  decree  of  ov 
Lord,  committing  our  case  to  our  Master;  sad 
thus  we  all  died,  as  thou  beholdast,  and  Isft 
what  we  had  built  and  what  we  had  tressnnd* 

4^1^*3  sordrl,  (pL  of  i^J),  Progeny,  etc 
^j3  sird^,  The  arm.    A  yard,  a  cubit 

The  fore-leg  of  a  horse.    ^Ijjj!  J^, 

A  Tetn  or  nenre  extending  through  the  arm  to 
the  hand.    A  mark  impzessed  on  the  1^  of  a 

cameL    6\^jJ\  (and  *xJi\  ^jJ),  Two 

bright  stars  in  the  head  of  Gemiai,  dsnotiDg 
the  se?enth  mansion  of  the  moon. 


XjO  uirat,  A  speoies  of  millet,     ijti,  \ 
zarrat,  An  atom,  a  particle,  i^^js^  ^*i\j  \ 

And  if  thou  haye  to  choose  between  a  mite 
ready  to  hand,  and  the  finest  pearl  that  is  only 
promised  to  thee,  choose  that  which  is  ready  to 
liand,  and  prefer  the  present  to  the  futirs; 
for  delays  often  occasion  disappointments,  and 
determinations  are  always  liable  to.TadUations, 
and  too  often  promises  are  followed  by  pro- 
crastinations, and  obstacleB  interrene  beiween 
them  and  their  fhlfilment 

c  J  J  tar^  Measuring  with  a  yard  or  cubit. 

i^jj  wirwat,  The  summit,  pinnacle. 

^J  nurrtyatf  Progeny,  o&pxing,  de- 
soendanta,  reeei  stock. 

^O  sorbin,  The  chin,  the  beard« 

\^ J  takd,  Yiyacityi  aeuteness  of  genius, 
penetration.  • 

Sjl^J  nakdwat,  Brightness  of  geniuB. 

j^J  sofar.  Hale,   masculine.      Zakar, 
Membrum  ririle ;  Teretrum  animalium. 

^J  niir,  Bemenibrance,  commemoration, 
memory,  retention.   Uention.    JlS  J 

^yr  ZiUt  C^J^  ^  vlC^l^  lit 

^  JUi  l|iU^  HU/Oj,  Then  he  said 

to  him.  Didst  thou  hear,  0  my  son,  what  I 
and  thy  mother  said  respecting  the  Queen 
Joharah,  and  our  mention  of  her  qualities? 
And  he  said,  Yes. 


^4) 


(153) 


4A^ 


^J  tSr,  Mental  lemembranoe. 

ijd  tHrai,  BecoUeetiQn,  memory.    An 
Khnonitimi  (when  lemembered). 

jpmier  (pi.  of^ii),  Males.  9J^^\^^ 


4IU.   If,  And  heliad  a  hundred  con- 

eiHaaa ;  bnl  be  bad  not  been  blest,  during  hu 
vhole  lire,  iri^  a  male  or  female  cbild  by  any 
of  th«&,  tnd  be  reflected  iq>on  this  and  began 
to  lai&ait  bis  own  state. 

j^i)  takur,  One  who  has  a  good  memory. 
\ifi  ^Jj  bj  j^  c:^  j^l,  If  thou  art 

a  tiir,  be  of  good  memory. 
i;/j  wjhtf0^,  The  male  sex. 

^Juk  (fern.  ^J)^  Acute,  ingenious, 
'mfidlig«nt.  [Being  abjed,  obeeqnioos. 

^Juldkt,  Abjeotneasy  obsequiousness. 

iJljsaft2a»  This,  that.    CJ^^  kitsalik, 
ai  likewise,  in  like  manner,  also,  Airtber- 

SMre.il^j^jLS  \ij  Unaan  ^M  uaUk, 

li  For  tbis  reason,  based  upon  this  considera- 

tian.  J\^  IfcSj^  ^^\  ^\jjl^ 

Tajd  Mnlok  beheld  her,  and  nzed  at  her 
Moty  and  loTeliness,  while  she  Knew  it  not. 

J««)  tatil,   Abjecty  submissivey  mean, 


contemptible,  wretched,  base. 

1  proceeded  withoni  knowing  whither  to  direct 
nj  oonxse,  rednced  firom  a  mighty  to  an  abject 
lUtc,  Bud  walked  till  I  aniToi  at  the  summit 
of  a  oMumtain. 

jO  uRm,  Blame,  disapprobation,  repre- 
I^sBM,  reproach,  aocosation,  detraction. 

jUj  snpidr,    Guardianship,    dientage, 

j*U J  umdMf  Ph>tection.    Eight,  justice, 
^ii doe.  Zmnmim,  An  soeuser,  alanderer, 


',  Conseienoe ;  the  debtor  side 
of  OBs*!  teeooBt,  financial  or  moral ;  any  moral 


orMdalduty.    jr^i  ^  c: 


\  J 


-  ~«~  «iwy.   *^  *J  w^^,-«>.i  ^y 


And  if  I  take  to  him  any  other  person,  he  will 
become  a  weight  npon  my  consacnoe.  I  know 
not  what  to  &, 

^J  simmf,  A  client,  a  tributary,  a  sub- 
ject.   A  Ohristian,  a  Jew.  [depraved. 
j^^J  zamlm,  Blamed,  blamable.     Bad, 

Uj\jJ  tindh    (pi.    L-^l3i)i"  A  place 

throngh  which  water  flows  between  two  bibber 
grounds.    The  tail,  the  extremity  of  anything. 

L\j6  %fnahat  or  Lj6,  A.  tail.    The  end 

of  time  or  of  an  a^e.  The  lower  part  of  a 
yalley  through  whioi  water  runs. 

L^J  takb,  A  crime,  sin,  fault.  Zanab, 

a  tail.      ^J^\  c-^i,  The  exterior 

angle  of  the  eye. 
LjJ  nanabai  (fern,  of  ««^i),  A  tail. 
4^y  J  tunuh,  Crimes,  sins,  offences. 
^J  sa  (fem.  C^I^J),  Haying,  possessed 

of,  endowed  with;  as  JljsfjJ,  Ma- 
jestic, possessed  of  dignity,  glorious. 

jUilU  J,  The  name  of  the  famous  two- 
edged  sword  of  Ali,  which  Mahomet  reported 
he  had  from  the  angel  Gabriel,  j  jiS|^  J, 
Powerful.  j^yJ^^«i»  Alexander  the 
Great.   J^^  J-^o^  jO  ^J\  ^\  J<^ 

ij^^,  For  the  son  of  Adam  is  pos- 
sessed of  stratagems,  artifice,  and  guile.  He 
captures  the  birds  fh>m  the  sky,  and  the  fish 
from  the  sea,  and  outteth  the  mountains  and 
transporteth  them  firom  one  place  to  another; 
and  all  this  through  his  stratagems  and  artifice. 

(^\jJ  nawat,  PL  of  (^1  J. 

jlji  tawwdk^  A  taster,  one  who  likes 

to  taste  eyerything. 

imJijJ  zawh,  Becoming  liquid,  melting. 

j^J  tawh,  Taste,  the  faculty  of  taste. 

f^jj  %awi  (oblique  pi.  of  j J),  Lords, 
masters,  possessors,  j!  Jsji\  LS3t^^^;^'i^f 
Powerful  princes.    tJyjt^  clCl  rj 


(IM) 


cl- 


*k«aJb  J  Jul!  t^j^LJb  ^j^\ 

lauMjf  J^  l^VfifchJ,  And  practise  the 

enduring  Bpirit  of  the  resolute,  and  the  for- 
bearance of  the  discreet  and  proTident,  and 
BYoid  the  weakness  of  hasty  hnpatienoe,  and 
let  an  easr  temper  be  thy  habit  of  mind ; 
retain  thy  oirhems  with  pmdent  frugality,  and 
season  liberality  with  parsimony,  neither 
fastening  thy  hand  tightly  to  thy  nec^  nor  yet 
opening  it  out  to  its  widest  extent. 

»J  zth  (fern,  of  \«i),  ThiB. 

U  J  %ihdh,  Going,  walking,  passingby. 

C^X^r  jo^^ ,  I  will  go  to  my  honsei 
and  dress  myself,  and  return  to  thee. 

liahab,  Gold.  UU  Juai  kftUt  j^L 


When  I  take  words  that  seem  mere  silyer,  I 
fashion  them  into  shape,  and  then  they  become 
as  gold.  Kow  formerly  I  used  to  deriye  wealth 
from  my  acquired  learning,  and  drew  milk 
from  it 

,Jft  J  %ahl,  Foigetting,  leaving  carelessly, 

abandoning.  That  part  of  the  night  when 
people  are  already  refreshed  with  sleep. 

^J    wihn,    Understanding,    memory, 
genius,  ^!lai£>^^  CJi  ^y\  (^«>!1  c^^li 


and  they  shall  not  see  thee. 
Jyb  J  zuhnl,  l^^lect,  oblivion. 

4/ J  %i  (fern,  of  \  J),  This.    (The  oblique 

case  of  jj.)  Endowed,  possessed  of. 

Jul  ^^^},  Endowed  with  magnifi- 
cence (one  of  the  epithets  of  God). 

<Lr^  J,  The  last  month  of  the  Maho- 
metanyear.  ai Juu! J,  Thepenoltmonth. 


v-^J  sti^i  A  wolf. 


iii\ 


UxS  4Xc  1  He  who  fears  the  wolf  pro< 
'^•^  a  dog. 


Jj  J  say/.  The  lower  margin  of  a  book 
where  the  notes  are  usually  put    An  qipendii, 

postscript.  Skirt.  ^Uaj  dbj  JLj  ^, 
He  who  wears  a  long  skirt  treads  upon  it 


J 


ra,  The  tenth  letter  of  the  Arabic 

alphabet  In  arithmetic  it  expresses  200 ;  in 
almanacs  it  is  the  astronomical  character  for 
the  moon ;  and,  in  dates,  it  denotes  the  month 

11 


rabl^al  akhir, 

\j  rd,  Name  of  the  letter  j.    In  dates 
of  letters  it  stands,  by  abbreyiation,  for  tbe 

month  of  J^t  ^iij  i^^^^  awtoal, 

^\j  rMh  (fern.  icsr\j  ),Gainf ul,  osurioas. 
Anything  of  which  profit  is  made. 

^\j  rdhita  (pi.  lajV^^  rawdhii),  A  bond 
of  union.    System,  regularity. 

^\j  rdhi^,  The  fourth.    w\j  rdU^, 
-EowrMy.  ^^  f,\i\  S^  fu)  ^  fjAs: 

L^\  JJli  ^^\  ^  Jl;  JJI,  For  thre 

days  he  remained  in  his  house,  and  on  th 
fourth  day  the  Khaleefeh  sent  to  summon  bin 
and  when  he  had  presented  himself  before  bin 
said  to  him.  Where  is  the  murderer  of  xJt 
damsel  P 

iZ}\^\^\jAjPr,  The  Maldive  Island 

lying  to  the  westward  of  Cape  Comorin.  Th< 
are  almost  innumerable.  The  principal 
called  Ambuna,  where  the  supreme  power 
Tested  in  the  ¥rife  of  the  prinoe ;  the  woin< 
having  there  an  authority  so  absolute  ib 
the  men  are  not  permitted  to  disobey  tbei 
howerer  unreasonable  their  commands.  T 
cocoa-nut  grows  there  in  great  abondanc 
but  their  principal  trade  is  in  a  litUe  -wh: 
porcelain  sheU  (commonly  called  a  oowr; 
which  in  some  parts  of  India  svppliea  t 
place  of  small  copper  currency. 

L^\j  rdtih,  Firm,  constant 

,^w  tj  rdtinf,  The  resin  of  the  pine-trc 

/^b  ^'^»  Exeelling,  preponderatiii| 

^fr\j  ^^J*t'  ^^<^™^gi  retrogade.  Loc 
ing  toward,  relatire,  belonging  to. 

^\j  rdjif,  A  trembling  fever, 
agoe.  CiilaS  J\,  U  Jt  ffrj^}  k 


U^yj 


M 


(155) 


i}j 


iLsT^  \A>'\jf  Bepart,  and  return  not 

hither,  or  I  will  kill  thee,  and  she  cried  out  in 
hi  fact.  So  he  departed  from  her  presence, 
tranbling,  shaking,  and  qniTering. 

J>\;  f ^  One  on  foot    In  Egypt  pro- 
uMmced  nghelf  means  Tulg.  a  man,  a  fellow. 

f>-\j  rijimf  Stoning. 

^Iffyl,  Hoping,  asking,  interceding. 

^jruk^Wme.  Alacrity.  tjJb  c^Jdrli 


L:JjS>  f^z^^  ^j  ^J^*^  ^ 


I  therefore  took  this  maxim  for  the  guidance 
of  mj  eondiict,  and  made  it  the  leadmg*rope 
of  all  my  conoems  and  interests ;  so  that  I 
nerer  entered  a  dty,  nor  did  I  yentore  to  in- 
troduce mrself  into  a  den,  without  mixing 
DTsdf  with  its  mler  Qike  the  mixing  of  water 
v^  wine),  and  making  myself  strong  nnder 
his  good  anspioeB,  in  the  same  way  as  bodies 
recare  tiidr  strength  and  force  from  souls. 

ia^J  rdhai.  The   palm  of  the  hand. 
Qniet,  repose,  eaae^  txanquillity,  quietness,  etc. 


*  ib^yiy  Beware  of  indolence,  for  it  is 

^  key  of  indigence,  the  origin  of  distress, 
the  dunc^eristic  of  weakness  and  folly,  and 
thehahitoal  temper  of  the  sexrile  and  de^nd- 
cBt ;  and  none  gaUier  honey  who  choose  mdo- 
Icaoe,  nor  wiU  any  fill  hit  lund  who  luxuriates 
ia  repose. 

\^\j  rakUf  A  trayeller. 
^\j  fdAtZai  OT  rdhilahf  A  caravan. 
^]j  rSJdm,  Pitying,  pardoning. 
Jo^lj  Earn,  The  wife  of  Jacob. 

•Jj^j  rMf  (fern,  ii J^^),  (part.)    Suc- 

caefiitt,  coming  after.    The  sound  of  the 
^fffwimap  at  the  resurrection. 

^^\J  rStik,  Bestowing  the  necessaries  of 
li&(t&  epithet  of  Ood). 

\j^']j  rw,  The  head.     JUll  ^^'j;,  A 


capital,  a  principal  sum,  a  fund. 
J-Jl,  The  top  of  a  mountain.  yjji*\j 

jtj^\   BasBul  Khanzir,    The  Cape 

Khanxir  or  Khossus,  between  Alexandretta 
and  Souedia,  or  Seleucia. 

^\j  rdsAh,  Firm,  solid,  durable,  con- 
stant, rooted. 

Li.%i*^\jrd«Mtt^,  Antimony,  from  a  mix- 
ture of  which,  with  galls,  a  kind  of  oil  is 
expressed  by  a  hot  iron,  with  which,  the  ladies 
anoint  the  hair  of  their  eyeUds  and  brows, 
not  only  to  give  them  a  beautiful  black,  but 
to  smooth  away  excrescences. 

^Jij  rdsim  (part.).  Sealing,   marking, 

delineating,  writing. 
^^\j  rdsl  (fem.  ^]j)f  Firm,  immovable. 

lii\j  rdihid,  Faithful,  pious,  orthodox, 

following  the  right  path. 
Jh^I;  rdihikj  An  archer,  a  thrower  of 

the  j  avelin.    Penetrating  (aspect] . 
^J^^j  rdshl,  One  who  gives  a  bribe  to  a 
**  OoYemment  officer. 
d^\j  rdsid,  An  observer  (of  the  stars, 

roads).    One  who  lies  in  wait  (an  assassin, 
robber,  informer,  etc.).  [sucks,  etc. 

^\jrdd%^  Sucking,  milking.  One  who 

^\j rddl,  Content,  satisfied;  agreeable. 

\^J\,  To  be  content,  to   consent,  to 
acquiesce,  to  permit,  to  condescend,  to  approve. 

im^^j  rdttb,  Humid. 

Se\j  rd^  (and  iS£\j),  Thundering. 

^\j  rd^if  A  shepherd,  pastor,  guardian, 
olwerver,  conservator,  protector. 
z\jrdgh%h,  Willing,  wishing,  desirous, 

curious.  M\^*ii\^ji^{^Sjjii^<^^^^]y 
*i^y  J Jutf  ^  ^li *i3lJill  J  CSJoj 

♦  jyU  Jj^\  ^  liilS ,  And  sharpen 

thy  perception  to  notice  every  omen,  and  train 
thy  discernment  to  correctness  of  inference ; 
for  he  whose  conjectures  are  right  haa  his  joy 
prolonged;  but  he  whose  notions  are  erroneous 
nas  his  success  deferred.    Do  not  burden  th^- 


s 


(156) 


»J 


lelf^  my  aon,  with  » laive  household.  Eschew 
fiutidioiisnesfly  abstain  from  frequent  impoitu- 
nity,  and  be  content  with  a  small  gift,  if  a 
grait  one  be  withheld. 

ii*\j  raafatf  Commiseration,  pity,  com- 
passion, clemency,  grace,  fayour. 

ji\j  rAjk,  A  pulse,  an  artery. 

^\j  rdfid,  Eefusing,  abdioating.    One 
who  refoses,  etc. 

Aaail;  r&fida  (pi.  ^\yj  ratodfii),  The 

aeotaries  of  Ali.  ^<-ailj  Sofiil,  One 
belonging  to  the  Baflda  sect 

t*b  ^^J^V  ^^^  Elevating,  exalting. 
One  who  elevates,  etc 

c^lj  r/lkth,  An  obaerrer.    A  rival. 

{/Bi\j  rdMi,  A  dancer. 

^\j  rdkim,  A  writer.     «-Jj>yJt  (i\j, 

The  writer  of  the  letters,  t.«.  of  these  pre- 
sents, of  this  letter. 

d\j  rdh  (fern.  iJtj),  An  enchanter. 

c-^lj  rdUb,  Who  rides,  a  rider. 

(jcS\j  rdkid,  Galloping  (horse). 

^j  rdib'^,  Who  bows  the  head. 

^\j  rdmiky  One  who  is  armed  or  pierces 
with  a  spear.  ^9'^^^  ^ 
large  star  between  the  legs  of  Bootee       [at 

fj^\j  rdmA,  Who  looks  slightly,  glances 

^\j  rdml,  An  archer,  a  thrower. 

J>jj\j  rdwand,  Bhnbarb. 

(/jlj  rdf^  An  historian,  one  who  nar- 

[priest 
\j  rdhii,   A   monk,    a  Christian 

uV^b  ^^^^9  AmUe-paced  (hack  for 

traTeUing). 

i^\j  ratty.  Opinion,  thought,  oonnsel. 
c-^U  ,^\j,  Pkndent  connseL  i^\j 
Jl-U,  Bid  advice.    Ija^lKj^^U 

^Jl,  9td  rdydk  ft  kad  Intmr,  What 
it  your  adrioe  in  this  affiurf 
iJL^XAj  rdydt,  Standards. 

iAj  rdyatj  A  standard,  ensign,  banner, 
flag,  pennant,  oolonrs. 

^\j  rdyf\  Usage,  custom  current  among 
the  pnbUc 

"-•*«<,  Odour,  fragrance. 


j5tj  rdytk,  BeautiAil,  lovely. 
jtj  rahh,  God.  A  lord,  a  master,  a 
possessor,  maintainor,  supporter,  iljj 
^2;s^UII,  Lord  of  the  TTniverse.  ljj 
c-;Uj3H,  The  lord  of  Lords,  iltj 
4>LftIl,  God,  the  protector  of  his  ser- 
vants. ^j^\X4L'*j»aS\  \jjb  ^\:^  jjj 

^^jfi^\  Jhsl,  We  had  resided  in  this 

palace  in  security  until  the  event  decreed  by 
the  Lord  of  all  creatures,  the  Loid  of  the 
heavens,  and  the  Lord  of  tiie  earth,  befell  us, 
and  the  eiy  of  the  manifest  truth  assailed  us. 


^j  ruhhap  Perhaps  now  and  then,  c^i 
dJia&  ^^  u:>i^  L^j^  ruiba  karhn 

•hubM  min  hjkatin,   War  is   often 
kindled  by  a  single  word.      JuK  cl^i 

^Aju  uu^Jurf,  A  single  word  sometimes 
destroys  ikvour. 

^j  ruhh,   Decoction  of  the  juice   of 

citrons  and  other  fruits,  for  seasoning  victuals. 
Inspissated  juice. 

\)j  rihd,  Usury.    Interest  on  money. 

uAij  rahdh  (rubub),  A  kind  of  Inte, 
rebeek,  or  guitar. 

^\ij  ribdhat,  A  quiver,  in  which  are 

contained  the  anows  used  in  drawing  lots; 
a  heap  or  handful  of  these  arrows ;  dso  the 
string  which  binds  them. 

^bj  rdbdhy  Gain,  profit  in  business. 

l^b^  ribdif  A  firm  structure,  a  public 

edifice  for  lo^(ging  tvaveUers,  a  oaravanaera,  an 
*~~     A  station  upon  an  enemy's  frontier.    A 


um. 


bond.  ij:^jJ  J»J\  J\  wuIp,  Uli 


'J 

,  So  when 

I  reached  the  eartii,  I  hastily  untied  the  bond 
from  its  foot,  fearing  it,  though  it  knew  not  of 
me  nor  was  seusible  of  me. 

^bj  rabd^,  An  animal  that  has  shed 

his  tooth  called  ^Vj>  **•'*  ^^  which 
IS  between  the  two  fore-teeth  and  the  canine 
(which  happens  to  aheap,  goat^  ate.,  wh^i 


(157) 


four  yean;  to  hones  and  black  eattle  at  Ato  ; 
and  to  eimda  at  seren).  JSm^^F,  A  four- 
letter  word.  A  Tiene  of  four  hemiaticha,  a 
qnaSnin. 

Jbj  r0ihdnl^  DiTine,  godly. 

t^j  rikh,  Profit  in  tnde,  interest,  nsnry. 

hi  J  nht,  Binding.     ]ajj,    To   bind, 
Btraogtlioi,  fitateiL. 

^j  m^,  A  fourth,     ijl^^^  ^jf  An 
aitroiwBueal  quadrant.  [Spnng  nana. 

f^J  ^l}*  VemaL  Bom  in  the  spring. 
\jj  rMma,  0  onr  Lord! 

jij  rubw,  Being  increased,   multiplied. 
Growiag,  liang,  making  inquiry. 

^fj  ntki^at,    Dominion,   supreme 
power.   A  deity,  diyinity. 

ijij  raiwat,  Ten  thousand  drachms. 

kjj  rtihU  (fern,  l^j),  Bound,  fixed. 

^jfo^^,  The  spring;  also  two  months, 

called  JJli  ^j.  The  first  rabl^,  i.e. 
fte  third  montli  of  the  Mahometan  year,  and 

j^i\  ^jf  The  last  rabt^^  i.e.  the 
instil  month.    MoBl^  Verdmre,  Bpring^grase. 

JJ^j  >J^  t;^\  l^  J^  i^--«^iLj^\ 
U^LLI  ^^«^^  UjV^  u:.^Jj^,  And 

I  took  sEelter  in  a  caTem  until  the  next  morn- 
ing. I  then  resamed  my  walking,  till  I  airiTed 
at  a  flooruhing  and  well-fortified  city.  The 
viater,  vi^  its  eold,  had  paased  away,  and  the 
ipisg  bad  come  with  its  flowers ;  the  riyers 
fcnaed  the  most  eaehanting  cascades,  and  the 
■ogiog  of  the  biida  was  troly  delightfdl. 

Vj  nr^/,  Dignity,  grandeur,  office.  A 

^Ǥree,  the  step  of  a  ladder,  stair,  etc. 

*-!^ij;,  The  highest  dignity.  \^\  J 

y>3  U'L  JyJ  J-J  J  j3  ^j,  How 

Qft«  Aey  hoped  for  what  was  not  decreed 
f^!  fiot  they  went  to  the  grares,  and  hope 
<fidBot  profit  them ;  and  from  their  high  and 
S^'XMQi  state  they  were  remored  to  the  nar- 
^''^^m  of  the  aevnlchre,  which  u  the  worst 
rfiiedm! 


Jjj  rati,  A  discourse  pronounced  with 

a  clear,  melodions  voice.  Smooth,  dean,  r^n- 
lar,  white  (teeth).    Conspicnons,  distinct 

^U^j  railma,  A  piece  of  thread  wound 

on  the  finger  as  a  reminder,  like  our  knotting 
a  handkerchief 

LSj)j\jjrisdi&t{^l.of2jrassai).  Basdsdt, 

Wearing,  tearing  (a  robe,  habit,  etc.).  Dirty, 
squalid,  unsightly,  ragged,  going  to  pieces. 
Baggedness,  deformity. 

CL'bU^  risdy&t,  Hired  female  mourners. 

^j  rosy,  Weeping,  mourning,  praising 
(the  deceased)  in  a  funeral  sermon ;  crying  oyer 

him.   ^^pjl  C^UUis- ^^  (j:.-o-U 

fc.,.^!  \^\^\,  The  wild  doves  la- 
mented for  me,  and  expressed  their  pit^;  had 
they  deplored  me,  it  would  haye  surpnsed  no 
one.  While  they  were  lamenting  me  from 
among  the  leayee,  their  harmonious  measures 
and  warblings  caused  the  branches  of  the  trees 
to  tremble  out  of  pity  for  me ! 

^j  rajjj  Moving,  trembling,  agitating, 

causing  trouble. 
U-^  raja,  Hope.     Prayer,  supplication, 

intercession.  \^)^^j^  ^y^j  ^^  jJ^ 

ci^Ull  yjjfe  Jbi;\j  cjI^U  And  so 

he  knew  that  thej  had  embarked  on  the  sea 
and  pursued  their  course  oyer  it;  in  conse- 
quence of  which,  bis  hope  of  discoyering 
(reaching  to)  them  was  then  cut  off,  and  he 
poured  forth  tears  and  recited  these  yerses. 


>-j  rajjaf,  The  day  of  judgment. 
The  sea.    An  airy  manner  in  walking. 
^}\>'J  rijdl,  Men.     People  on  foot. 

v_^i^«  rajah,  The  seventh  month  of  the 
Mahometan  year.    Rtytib,  a  proper  name. 

^j  rajah.  Preponderating.  Excelling, 
overcoming.    B^uh,  Large-hipped  (women). 

f^^^^j  rojahdn,   Superiority,   prepon- 
derance. 
i^Xs^Tj  mjhaniyyat,  Preferableness. 

^  j>-j  rajraj.  Movable,  trembling,  tot- 
tering, shaking  from  corpulency.  (A  multi- 
tude) agitated  to  and  flro,  yet  making  no  pro- 
gressiye  meCioD,  qd  aooonnt  of  their  crowding. 


(158) 


r-j 


^j  raf0iLf  A  species  of  yene.  Rij^^  Ln- 

Duril^,  ■nrlwmiif,     Fnnd,  deeat.     .S^as 
Hakui^  or  repeatiiig  the  Tenes  adled  nyin. 

fiffiiify  Thundering  loudly.    Bm^ 


and  r(fc,  UndeammL    Tonnent,  wmiahmcnt. 
An  iniaiDOQt  aetion  deMniniF  of  cnantinfment. 


>-j  rqf^f  Eetorning,  repeating,   re- 
dadngy  rertoring. 

^J  ^V't^f  ^  retom.     The  apparent 
letrognide  motion  of  a  planet  [moTed. 

fm^i^j  rqfa/f  Tiemor,  emotion;   being 
^Us>*^  rafafdn,  Trembling  dreadfdlly. 

iip^j  rqifat.  Agitation.  An  earthquake. 

J>-j  rqful,  A  man.    Itijl  (pi.  J^rjl), 
Foot,  feet 

ms^j  rajm.  Stoning  to  death.     Strewing 
a  graye  with  stones.    fj^J^^  ks^  f^3 

JjlaJI  ^  Jb  Uy»  j^Jar  ^y  How 


many  green  and  dry  (trees)  are  on  the  earth ; 
but  none  is  lapidated  and  stoned,  save  that 
which  beareth  fhdt !  Thon  thonghtest  Tery 
highly  of  the  days  when  they  seconded  ((a- 
Yonzed)  thy  wish,  and  fearedeirt  not  the  evil 
that  fate  and  destiny  was  imparting. 


>•  I  n^mat,  A  tamnlas  of  stones  oyer 
a  graye.    A  monument,  a  sign,  a  mark. 

f9^j  ^^t>  ^^^™f  reyersion,  repe- 
tition,  resuming  any  operation.  ^\ 
^T?  lS"^  ^  *^^  ^*^  hatta'  narfa^, 
Bemain  here  until  we  return,  ^^y  ^ 
l::.^jJ1  ^\  Id  tarja^  ilal  heit,  Do  not 
retom  to  the  house. 

immiy^j  rujU/f  Tremor,  great  emotion. 

^frj  rujuliyah,  Virility,  i^f^}^  ^ 
sin  arrujuliyah^  The  age  of  yirility. 

^ndal  hajati  rt^uUyah,  Sabmission  to  neces- 
sity is  heroism. 

ujLp-j  rajlff  Emotion,  trembling. 

^ii>'j  rqjlm,  Oyerwhelmed  with  stones, 

execrable  (an  epithet  of  the  deyil).    One  to  be 
pelted  witn  stones,  especially  the  devil,  whom, 


I 


in  the  eeramoniei  of  the  Hn,  Hnaulmea  np^ 
poM  themsdyes  to  he  pelting,  when  they 
throw  stones  on  Monnt  Arafat,  intending  hj 
that  aetion  to  express  their  ntter  detestation 
for  him,  and  to  deyote  him  to  infamy  and  de- 
itniction ;  ttonlng  being  regarded  by  Orientali 

as  the  moat  infiunons  of  deaths.  usJUi 


cJ[d-  cJ-ii  JU-Jl  ^^ Jiy  i  wi-jl, 
Jls>j Jl  dArnr^  ^  CJj .  And  the  old 


woman  exclaimed,  I  seek  refofo  with  God 
from  Satan  the  stoned.  Thon  hast  no  desire 
for  men,  and  how,  then,  has  loye  affected  thee 
and  made  thee  its  yictim  P 

^j\^j  rukdkf  Pure  excellent  wine. 

Jl^^  rahhai  (fem.  ii\^j),  TrayeUin^ 
backwards  and  forwards. 


^  rahdyh.  Large  possessions  (in 
land),  wide  fields.    Confines,  boondaries. 

y^^^'^j  rM  (fem.  ^U>-^},  Large,  conve- 
nient, spadoiis  (pUuse). 

Jp-j  rM,  Saddling  or  loading  (a  camel), 

mounting  a  camel,  departing,  trayelling.  A 
mansion,  a  resting-place.  A  small  camel's 
saddle,  a  saddle-cloth,  etc.  Hoosehold  fnrni- 
tore,  especially  what  is  carried  on  a  journey. 

i\^j  roMat,  One  journey,  u^  Li  ^^^ 

*  ih-*  iiiji^  ♦  i^  i^l ,  And  when 

one  country  fails  to  yield  thee  supplies,  or  dis- 
tress has  oyertaken  thee  therein,  cut  off  thj 
hopes  firom  it,  and  speed  thy  camel  away ;  for 
the  best  of  countries  is  that  which  maintainf 
thee ;  nor  deem  remoyal  a  hardship,  nor  dis- 
like change  of  place;  for  the  moet  distin- 
guished or  our  sect  and  chiefs  of  our  tribei 
are  agreed  in  the  opinion  that  moyement  is 
bliss,  and  yisiting  of  fresh  places  a  sure  ^aifi, 
while  they  express  contempt  for  the  opuioo 
of  one  who  thinks  that  trayelling  is  misery, 
or  change  of  place  a  signal  torture. 

M»^j  rahm,  The  womb,  matrix,  uterus. 
Compassion,  mercy,  pity.  Uyl  l^  JUi 


V 


( 159 )  t/oj 


^^^**Vi  Lrs**y'  i^^'  -^^ 


dll 


her  fiither  nid :  0  my  daughter,  hare  mercy 
on  me:  may  God  liA?e  meroy  on  thee ! 

J^j  (or  ^^j),  Bdhman^  God,  the 
Hodfol,  die  Compafldonate. 

4rj  Toimt^,  Pity,  compaasion.     God's 
meicy  m  a  future  state.  [God  of  mercy. 

cyj  fojbfi^,  The  quality  of  being  the 
^j  rM,  A  mill-stone,  a  mill. 

Ji>j  nkkj  The  best  wine. 

J^j  rtkl,  A  journey. 

(^j  raMm,  Otod,  the  Merciful. 

^j  BM,  The  name  of  a  monstrous  bird, 

vfaieh  is  aid  to  hare  powers  Bofficient  to  carry 
of  a  Jire  rhinocerofl.    The  castle  or  rook  at 

JU  Jb  sSi^\  jji  ^J\  ^  JlL,  There 

B,  in  eertaia  of  the  ialands,  a  bird  of  enormous 
fize  called  the  rukh^  that  feedeth  its  yoong 
OSes  with  elephants. — El  Kazwini  writes  in 
lui  '*  Book  of  Wonders  " :  A  man  of  Ispahan 
i^slated  to  me,  that  burdened  with  debts,  he 
qotted  Ispahan  and  went  to  sea  with  some 
nerehanta.    We  came,  said  he,  to  the  well- 
bown  whirlpool  of  the  sea  of  Persia ;  where- 
upon the  master  declared  that  no  ship  could 
escape  from  this  whirlpool,  hut  that  if  one  of 
OS  woold  give  himself  for  his  companions,  he 
woalddo  his  best  Wearied  by  misery,  I  wished 
for  death,  and  offered  myself,  on  conmtion  that 
the  mochants  would  discharge  my  debts  and  act 
kindly  to  my  children.  This  being  accepted  on 
octta,  the  master  put  me  on  shore,  gaye  me  pro- 
Tisknu  foraome  days  and  a  drum  to  beat ;  while 
I  vu  beating  the  drum,  I  beheld  the  water 
more;  then  therbore  theshipalong,and  I  looked 
It  her  until  sne  was  out  of  my  sight  and  in 
tt^.  Left  on  the  island,  I  was  mraitatingon 
BJ  case,  which  was  like  a  dream,  when  at  the 
ci«t  of  the  day  an  immense  bird,  like  a  doud, 
csme  and  ahf  hted  upon  the  top  of  an  immense 
tree.    I  hid  mysefr,  fearinff  lest  it  should 
nuke  me  ita  prey.  WTien  the  light  of  morning 
W^ndMd,  It  shook  its  wings  and  flew  away. 
}at  neat  night  when  it  came  I  approached 
^  Wt  it  showed  no  hostility  to  me.    The 
^ti  night  I  lat  by  it  without  consternation : 
I  bid  hold  upon  its  legs,  and  in  the  morning 
^fler  awsT  with  me  at  a  most  rapid  flight. 
^^  I  looked  towards  tiie  earth  and  saw  not 
*9|^t  Kve  an  abyss  of  water,  I  was  about  to 
^"^inyh&ld  of  its  1^ ;  but  life  is  sweet,  and 
^jwrained  mYself  to  hare  patience,   and 
*^><>kBigsgainat  Uie  earth  I  beheld  the  Tillages 
*pd  tte  towns,  and  the  people  looking  at  the 
wl  Then  it  approached  the  earth,  set  me 
^^  Vfoa  a  heap  of  straw,  and  soared  into 
^*kj.   You  may  imagine  the  astonishment 


J^J^ 


of  the  people,  who  took  me  to  their  chief.  I 
related  to  them  my  whole  story  by  an  inter- 
preter, and  they  wondered  at  me  more  and 
more.  They  treated  me  kindly,  and  I  remained 
with  them  some  days.  I  was  walking  on  the 
sea-shore,  and  lo,  I  met  the  ship  of  my  com- 
panions ;  and  when  I  related  to  them  my  story, 
they  were  greatly  astonished,  and  we  tnanked 
God  who  deliyered  me  in  such  a  wonderful 
way :  may  His  name  be  exalted ! — Se  non  d 
Tero,  d  ammirabilmente  ben  inyentato. 

Ifi^  rakhd  (iy>-j  and  i^^j),  Being 

loose,  soft,  flabby,  relaxed.  Affluence,  the 
pleasures  of  life.    Rukha,  A  gentle  wind. 

f^s>^j  rukhdm,  Marble,  alabaster.  *^1  J 

,  They  then  passed  on,  and  found 

a  saloon  constructed  of  polished  marble, 
adorned  with  jewels.  The  beholder  imagined 
that  upon  its  floor  was  running  water,  and  if 
any  one  walked  upon  it  he  woud  slip. 

if^^j   rukhdmif    Anything   made  of 

marble. 

ifjlfv.^  rakhdioat,  Eelaxation,  snpineness. 

uu^jv.j  rakhi,  A  bridle  of  gold  or  silver. 

ija:>-j  rakhsy  Soft,  tender,  delicately 
brought  up.    Lowness  of  price. 

Juof^-j  ruk?uat,  Indulgence,  unbounded 

licence,  remissness,  connivance.  Leaye,  licence, 
permission,  dismission,  discharge. 

y>,j  rakhaw,  Soft,  loosed,  relaxed.  JRakh- 

wat,  Laxity. 

JLH     '>j  rakhlyu'l  hdl,  Liberal-minded. 

^jAtS-j  rakhU,  Cheap,  low-priced. 

J;  rod,  Eepulsion,  resistance,  refutation. 

Restitution.  To  cancel,  erase,  return,  repulse. 
A  refutation,  a  reply. 

\jj  ridd,  A  cloak  or  mantle  (worn  by 

deryises).  An  upper  garment  of  fine  lineh, 
unsewed  (or  sewea,  if  made  of  other  cloth), 
reaching  to  the  middle  of  the  leg ;  any  kind  of 
cloak  put  on  when  going  out. 

^Jj  rad^f  Prohibition,  repulsion.  Ting- 
ing, staining.  Subigens  (fopminam).  Striking 
a  spear  upon  the  ground,  in  order  to  fix  the 
head  firmer.  A  spot,  a  stain  on  the  clothes. 
The  marks  of  blood,  of  saffron,  or  of  ointment 
upon  the  body. 

fc^J;  radl  (fern.  AiJ;)i  Wicked,  corrupted. 


ry 


(160) 


fmMtij  radl/f  Troopi,  militia.  A  veteran 

who  has  serred  fire  jwn  in  the  amiT  or  nary 
and  is  fdaeed  in  the  merre,  but  liable  to  be 


called  oat  again  in  case  of  neoesnty. 

ii\jj    rtmdJat^    Ignonuny,    shame;    a 
shamefiil  act  [ahamefiiL 

JjJ;  rmml^  BiBhonoiired,  diahononrable. 

^  J;  rtaHatf  A  mean,  worthleea  thing. 

Yice. 

j^\jj  raudk,  An  attribute  of  God,  as 
the  proridsr  of  the  necenaries  of  life. 

Sj\jj  nmdmd,   Sedateness,   graTily  of 
reflection. 

\j\jj  rmdjfd,  AfflictionBy  misfortones. 

ijj  raasaf,  An  iron  eye  to  a  door  for 
reeeiTing  a  bolt  or  lock. 

^Jj  ritkf  Bestowing  what  is  neoessary 

for  the  support  of  lift.    Rixk^  Biches,  ^ood 
fortune,    acquired  wealth,  whateTer   brings 

•    gain.     CS^  4Ut  jj^,  The  goodness 
of  God,  not  yonr  labour.  [of  dothes. 

L9JJ  rmmai  (pL  ajj  ratam),  A  bundle 

^jj  nun,  Balancing  anything  in  the 
hand  to  try  ite  weight. 

Xjj  riuah,  A  ring  or  staple  for  the  bolt 
of  a  door,  or  to  which  a  padlock  is  fastened. 

^^jj  ra»l»,  Grare.    Weighty.    Heavy, 
ponderoQS.    Finn,  strong. 

ZJLi^  riaalatf  A  letter,  the  mandate  of  a 

jndj^  a  summons  in  writing,  or  anything  lent 
A  kttle  tract,  a  small  wor£  [fonction. 

ilLaj  ratdlai,  The  prophetio  office  and 

aLs^  raadmf  A  draughtsman. 

fJSLaj  roidyl  (pL  of  iJLy),   Writing, 
etc.    Despatches.    The  Epistles. 

^^c^j  ruatdk  (pL  4^^;)9  A  village,  a 

market  town,  an  encampment  of  tente  or  hnts. 
The  chief  of  any  order.    A  tithing-man. 

i^j  ratlf   Sending.     JRuttd,  Prophets 
(pi.  of  J^^,  The  ApoeUes). 

^  rium,  A  law,  precept,  canon,  rule, 

r^;iilation.  A  model,  design,  drawings  deicrip- 
tioD,  writing.    The  trace  or  restige  of  a  hooae. 

^<w;rMmi, Usual, customary.  Officially. 

^j  rasan,  A  halter.  Patting  on  a  halter. 

y^j  roiw,  Being  firm,  immovable.     The 
remaining  at  anchor  (a  ship). 


^y^j  ruiUih,  Being  firm,  solid,  constant 
Finnncas,  etc 

J^  raM,  An  apoetl^  prophet,  mes- 
senger. •  ^  J  J^^  ^^'^^  J-y^j 

iL^\j^\  ^\  Utj,  And  he  sent  to 


threaten  him,  eaying  to  him,  by  the  memeneer, 
Thy  mind  has  soggoted  to  thee  desires.  Doet 
thon  threaten  me  with  liolent  words  ?  Either 
come  thon  to  me,  or  I  will  go  to  thee. 

/^y^j  rutUniy  Inscriptians,  written  laws, 
caaoas^  eastoBa.    Does,  taxes,  usages,  fees, 

^«i^  f^y^jf  Customs  or  tribute  exacted 

by  the  lord  of  any  district 

^^j  foif.  Constant,  xmmorable  (either 
in  good  or  erfl).    The  middle  pole  of  a  tent 

(Jami^  ratal  (pL  t^j)f  One  who  sends  or 
issent  to  another ;  aLn  the  person  to  whom  aent. 

^j  roihihf  Sprinkling  with  water. 

jLIj  rathdd.  Garden  cresses.    The  right 
way,  the  road  to  aahratiott. 

ij\j^jraBhdtaf,  Being  of  an  elegant  shape. 

^j  rashh^  Sweating,  flowing,  distilling, 
trickling,  dropping. 

Jlmi^  ruihd,  Bectitude,  the  right  way. 

b^  thee  freely  to  grant  ns  pro]ntiona  aaaistaDOc 
to  lead  ns  into  the  right  direction,  and  a  heart 
taming  in  onieon  with  tmth,  and  an  expiessfe 
lan^Wge  adorned  with  ingeniousneas  and  eim- 
pliaty,  and  ityle  sapported  by  oonchisiTenees. 

e  1  jju.1  iju^  aaLj  e  ilSttin}  ^Jlj 

his  son  relied  to  him :  0  my  lather,  be  th; 
Beat  in  Ufa  never  brought  low,  nor  thy  biei 
lifted  up.  Thon  hast  indeed  spoken  wiih  true 
aim  to  the  paipose^  and  thon  hast  taught  m« 
the  path  that  is  trnly  ri^t,  and  shown  me  hon 
to  attain  to  real  distanotion,  and  giTcn  me  what 
a  fiiihflr  ae^er  yet  gave  to  a  eon  I 


And 


u 


(161) 


^^ 


JJiij  rMi,  Making  an  arrow  fly  rapidly. 

y^j  rathe,  Corrupting  with  presents  (a 
judge  or  goremor)  to  gain  a  cauee,  etc. 

i^j  roBhwat,  A  gift  for  cormpting  a 
jodge,  etc,  Ivibery,  simony.    A  bribe. 

^j  rtukidj  One  of  the  attributes  of 
God;  adinctori  conductor,  guide;  sagacious, 

intdligent  tXJ^J\  ^^ijib  JSariin  Arra- 

t^  The  fi/Ui  kbalif  of  the  house  of  Alabbas, 
eontemponry  with  Charlemagne. 

^j  rtttkUl,  The  town  of  Bosetta,  in 

£gn>^  The  woods  of  palm-trees,  the  orchards 
vBtoed  by  the  streams  of  the  Kile,  the  lemon, 
tbe  oiugv,  the  banana,  the  peach,  and  other 
tms,  br  theirperpetoal  yerdure,  render  Bosetta 
astoais&ingly  dehghtfiil. 

roihik    (fern.    ^aJ^j),   Of    an 

degut  sUtore.  Qnick,  swift.  A  rapid  bow- 
shot [toll.    An  astronomer. 

*i^jraudd,  A  patrol.     A  collector  of 
gcUi  fofdf,  Lead. 

<jUt  rasdnat,  A  fortification.  Firm- 
oea.   Solidity.  [of  roads. 

<^j  ruttd,  Observations  of  the  stars  or 
^j  fw^,  Braising  between  two  stones. 

«Vjf«iii,Watchingy  observing.  Balance 

of  maeooont 

^^^J  roAn,  Firm,  solid,  fixed,  fortified. 

J^?^  erf;  U^'  ^^  edifice  sup- 
ported by  pillars. 

^j  raid,  Striking,  beating,  braising, 
bnsking  (in  large  pieces). 

*^j  r^,  Consent,    agreement,   acqui- 

^ficeooe,  permission,  connivance.     ^ 

3  l»f  CSAss^^jC.  Uj  yJL^j  hdradlt 

U  ^adt  ^aieik  am  /a.  Do  yon  accede 
to  vhat  I  hare  proposed  to  yon  or  notP 

4  Jti^  ^j  Ji  ^  J^li  J^ji  jJ^ 

l^or  iH  ^  ^ings  of  the  g^a  haye  demanded 
»v  <^  hitt,  tnd  he  refused,  and  approved  not 
««  of  them,  hot  rejected  them  all,  and  said 
**  thiBi,  You  are  not  equal  to  her  in  beauty, 

iiw ia  lorelineas !    f\}\  iJL&  Ji"  ^^ 


And  once  in  every  ten  days  he  oomee  to  me,  and 
spends  a  night  here,  and  then  he  goes  away,  for 
he  took  me  without  the  consent  of  his  relatives. 

cUj  rida^  Sucking  the  mother. 

icLp^  radd^t,  Sucking.  ifiUjll  ^^  ^^ 

A  foster-brother. 
^j  rad^,  Sucking  (the  mother). 

f^^y^j  ridtodn,   Complacency,   content- 
ment, satisfaction.    A  blessing,  benediction. 

^^j^ju^\  ^^f^s>  dS\\  ^ycj.  May  the 

blessing  of  God  be  upon  them  all.  Sidwan  is 
the  name  of  the  Guardian  of  Paradise,  of  which 
he  keeps  the  key. 

radtc  (fem.  Aw^)i  Sucking.   An 


infant,  a  foster-brother,    ^^j  J^t,  A 
sucking  (or  weaned)  child. 

c-?U^  G  yd  rat&h,  0  flabby !  (a  taunt  to 

a  woman). 

c-^  •  rath,  Fresh,  tender,  moist.   Butb 

and  rutub,  Green  herbage  or  trees.    Much 
grass,  many  trees.    Bipe  dates. 

Jti  rati,  A  pound  of  twelve  ounces. 

h^9j    rutuhat,     Humidity,     moisture. 

Freshness,  greenness,  juiciness. 
cU  I  racd^.  Pusillanimous  young  men. 

The  worst  of  subjects. 
uJlc;  ru^df,  A  hemorrhage. 

bUi   ra^yd.   Subjects,    peasants,   the 

poor  or  lower  order  of  people  of  all  kinds. 

iU.    ri^yat,     Observation,    respect, 

honour.    Receiving  affably  or  kindly,  giving 
presents  to  inferiors. 

t^^^j  ra^.  Fearing.    Terrifying,  trem- 
bling. LsLj,  Fear,  dread,  terror,  fright. 
Ju^  ra^.  Thunder. 
(jIlCj  ra^h.  Trembling.     Tremor. 
v_Qg.  rflc/,  A  hemorrhage  or  bloody  flux. 

Lc; ra^.  Silly,  foolish.  Idle,  indolent, 

languid,  relaxed  (woman).    Beautiful,  fair  to 
look  upon. 

^j  ra^y,  Pasturing,  feeding  (as  cattle). 

v...^^  ra^h,  Fearing,  terrified. 

Z^j  raayat,  A  subject,  peasant,  plebeian. 

Pasture.    ^  J^\  ^SLiJ  ^U  CiJl^ 

11 


u 


*xSj  C>H!5j  ti-JaXitj  *i-^^\  ^j;^ 

lA--Cj  jji/-*  ^5i  h^  ^^j  ^-^-^ 

Ju^l^  Sr[^^>r ^  (JuJbx^  *  Juij ,  I  pos- 
sessed what  none  of  the  kings  possessed,  and 
ruled  with  justice,  and  acted  with  equity  and 
impartiality  towards  my  subjects.  I  gaye  and 
miide  presents,  and  I  liyed  a  long  time  in  the 
enjoyment  of  happiness  and  an  easy  lifsy  and 
emancipated  male  and  female  slayes. 

Ls:j  raghhai  (pi.  CL'Lc;),  Want,  wish, 

desire.  Strong  desire,  avidity.  Wish,  ctiri- 
osity.   Esteem,  estimation,  preference,  fttrour. 

iXfi; raghad and raghd.  Affluence.  Being 
affluent.  ^  \J^^^^  ^j^  \^^^  ^-^ 

j^^l  l^ilaj  jJ,  We  lived  upon  the 

earth  a  happy  life,  united  in  fellowship,  and  in 
abode,and  home;bnt  Fortune,  with  her  changes, 
parted  us  from  each  other,  and  now  the  grave- 
clothea  have  united  us ! 

tf£j  raghm,  Yiolence,  force,  constraint. 

Ui;,  Out  of  spite,  per  f(»ve. 
i^j  mghwatf  raghoaty  The  froth  of  milk. 
Ju^  raghid,  Leading  a  free,  easy  life. 

le\3j  rafd^at,  Fineness,  slyness.  Gh^at 
tact  in  behayiour.  [oompaiiioii. 

Ij\3j  rafdkat,  Companionship,  being  a 

»\ij  rafdh,  ^li;  rafdhat,  and  i^\sj  ra- 

fahiyat,  Bepose,  quiet,  tranquillity,  affluence, 
enjoyment  of  life. 

^Uj  rt/ddf  <U«ail^  rdjidiah,  and  ^/o^S^j 

rawS/id,  The  Bafidis  are  the  Muhammadim 
sect  of  the  Shi^ah  or  Shi^i,  the  followers  of 

Ali.  Like  the  Mutualis,  they  are  regarded  by 
the  Sunnis  as  heretics.  The  principal  point 
wherein  they  differ  from  the  Sunnis  is  their 

.  denying  the  right  of  the  first  three  khalifs, 
Abu  Bekr,  Omar,  and  Othman,  asserting  the 
only  lentimate  successors  of  the  Prophet  to  be 
Ali  ana  his  descendants,  oaUed  by  tnem  their 
Imams,  the  twelfth  and  last  of  whom  (£1 
Hahdi^  they  belieye  to  be  still  liying,  though 

■  inyisible.  The  Shiyai  fldth  became  the  na- 
tional religion  of  Persia  about  the  commence- 
ment of  the  sixteenth  century  of  our  era,  under 
the  Shah  Ismail,  the  founder  of  the  Safl 
dynasty;  and  since  that  period  the  adjacent 
territories  of  Sunni  princes  and  goyemors 
haye  always  been  coyeted/  and  often  inyaded, 


( 162 )  Jj 

by  the  Bafidis.  The  Ismailiyah,  who  m\tk 
the  mountains  of  Latakia,  and  especially  fl 

Elace  called  Eadmus,  belong  to  the  Bafioisc 
hiis :  they  are  diyided  into  two  sects,  ti 
recognizingseyen  Imams,  and  the  other  twel^ 
The  first  war  between  the  OsmalU  Suss 
under  the  Sultan  Selim,  and  the  Ferdi 
Shia'is,  under  the  Shah  aboye  mentioned,  occi 
sioned  the  conouest  of  Syria  and  £mt  by  4 
former  monarcn ;  for  though  the  inhabitau 
of  these  countries  were  Sunnis,  they  were  i 
alliance  with  the  Shah  Ismail.  Ooucena 
the  religion  of  the  Ismailiyah,  see  **  Jotmi, 
Asiatioue  de  Paris,'*  yol.  xx..  General  Ind< 
of  the  Writers,  under  the  name  of  Catafago. 

luJj  ruffat,  Kicking,  kick. 

^^j  rafd,  Leaving,  abandoning,  abd 

eating. 

^j  raf^  Elevation,  promotion. 

ht^j  rif^ty  Highness,  nobility,  emineno 
magnificence,  sublimity.    Altitude. 

(J^j  ^C'fa^i  Benignity,  benevolence,  com 
tesy,  favonr,  blandishment.  sl^At 

LlX^  ^\  <UU,  Betake  thjsel 

therefore,  to  the  practice  of  oompastion  n 
equity,  and  relinquish  eyil  and  oppresiioii,  t 
it  wiU  be  more  pleasant  to  thy  life. 

\a3j  rafkd  (pi.  of  (j^j)t  Companions. 

Smj  ru/kat,  A  company,  a  society. 

^j  raft^,  High,  sublime,  noble,  em 
nent,  exalted,  grand. 

(Jt^j  ^frf^K  ^  friend,  companion,  co 
league,  accomplice,  associate,  assistant,  partDi 

aUy.*iL;;;bj^\^a*;^lj!l 

*  <ii>!^  Jf5  •  ,^)\,  And  th 


^. 


say  that  this  notion  is  cherished  as  a  stii 
consolation  by  those  who  are  content  witl 
sorry  maintenaaee,  and  repine  not  at  had  f( 
or  scanty  measure.  But  if  thou  dc.tcrmine 
trayelling  abroad,  and  preparest  thy  staff  i 
wallet  for  the  journey,  choose  first  a  re 
panion  who  will  bo  a  real  assistance  to  tb< 
for  as  a  neighbourhood  must  be  known  bcf 
the  house,  a  ^od  companion  must  be  p 
yided  before  a  journey  is  undertaken. 


^, 


(163) 


4J1  rtf/iA,  Easj*  or  oomfortable  in  cir- 

cuinstuiefli. 

J;  rdkf  ^urcbment.     Sikk,  Semtude. 

s^j  riksh  (pi.  of  Jjjj  rakahah),  Backs 

of  neeks,  where  the  yoke  bean  in  oxen^  em- 
blemttie  of  iabnxiaaion  and  obedience,  or  Bub- 
jtction. 

AiJj  nidkt,  Riyalrj,  oompetitioa. 
Ji;  nUd,  Sleep,  sleeping. 
^^^j  raiidi,  A  dancer,  a  jumper; 
jJij  rokdy},  Sabtilties. 

V;  nhhai,  The  neck.  [Modesty. 

iijnUB/,  Pity,  condolence,  benevolence. 
iJ^j  rakdat,  One  deep  or  slumber. 
^j  nit^  A  dance,  a  ball.    Dancing, 

leaping, 

^;  nk.f  FktchiBg  «  garment  (mendings 
by  lewiiig  being  called  \ij),     Bepair- 

iag  a  well. 

m 

•Ui  t  ntk^ai,  A  letter  written  to  a  king 

tjr  m  one  not  a  riar.    A  piece  of  cloth. 
•ij  nbn,  Writing  a  character,  a  cypher. 

Arithmetie.     Harking   with  or^ographiaal 
poiati.    A  fignie. 

-y;  ntkudf  Beclining,  sleeping. 
*^j  rukum,  CharactenB,  inscriptions. 
>SJ  '^»  Enchanting,  fascinating. 
w^^  raiibf  A  riraly  competitor.    A 
jnardian ,  preserver,  keeper.   \__-;Xm\ ^ , 


^^  v^pnsenrer,  the  obeenrei). 

^;  nkyat,  Enchantment,  fascination, 
<cs^c  A  talisnanic  amulet,  or  written  charm 
'cvxnx  Bcoroery.     Superstition. 

Jy^.  rata,  Za^j  rai^kat,  A  female 
iliTc  Teader,  delicate.  Snbtile,  minute. 
bcugB*  compassionate,     ^jjj  ^IkL* 

V^^  >  ^  prince  of  a  compassionate 

^^•'^  [cavaleade,  saite. 

^^»i;  ncd^,   A   stirmp.      Procession, 

ii  0^  TMlubd,  Weakness  of  intellect  or 
■'TUffiett,  want  of  firmneas^  shakinees  of  hand- 

S^v'  roW,  Moonting,  sitting,  riding. 
^j  rihhti,  A  particular  mode  of  riding, 
^^^in^^  i2a^  The  laiee,  the  elbow. 


ijSj  ruh^t  (pi.  C^U^),  A  sacred  in- 

dinatioa  of  the  head,  also  a  genuflexion  (in 
prayer).     Ruk^^  Low,  hollow  ground. 

^j  rukn,  A  pillar,  prop,  etc.,  especially 

that  side  on  which  anything  is  supported.  Aid, 
support,  guard,  protection. '  Establishment  A 
momentous  affur.    A  grandee. 

^^j  raknh,  Mounting,  sitting,  riding 
(a  horse,  chariot,  etc).  Km^j\j*yi\  ^^ 

!» yb  L#|^  and  akdir  arkah^  wa  mmm&  Aft 
/«/S,  I  can  ride,  but  he  oannot. 

'j  rdkn^  Bowing  the  head  in  humility 
and  rcTerence. 

^^j  ru^Hn,  A  leaning,  inclination. 


tA 


o «S«  rukunatf  Being  firm,  constant. 

CSSj  rakik,  Thin,  slender.      Subtilei 
fine.    Weak,  silly,  rile. 

^jjj  rals^f  Firm,  solid,  strong. 

^Lj  rmak,  Spears.     ^U,  rammeh.  A 

maker  of  spears.    A  thrower  or  juster  with 

spears.  CLAijLi]  (Jl:\uA\  ^^faus.  si^ 
L^\  ^j\aj  l^^  £3T  f^  ^*M.J^  Uj^y9»- 

Kmy  of  damsels,  who  smite  with  swords  and 
thrust  with  spears,  five  and  twentjr  thousand 
in  number,  every  one  of  whom,  when  she 
mounteth  her  oourser  and  equtppeth  herself 
with  her  implements  of  war,  will  withstand  a 
thousand  brave  horsemen. 

jt«^  rom^if,  Ashes,  ♦yj^^  u:^y>*»l*j>  ^j^^ 

iS\  ^b  ♦(^XJ  C^^j^  ui3j5l  jubjj 
u^jU  CLJ^^  *^^3\  jJUb^  e:^^^ 

But  if  liiou  forget  my  lesson,  and  reject  my 
admonition,  then  the  ashes  of  thy  hearth  will 
be  scanty,  and  thy  family  and  thy  people  will 
slight  thee.  My  son,  I  have  haid  experience 
of  the  realities  of  things,  and  made  trial  of  all 
the  ricissitudes  of  fortune,  and  have  seen  that 
riches  are  more  respected  than  rank,  and  that  a 
man's  property,  not  pedigree,  is  inquired  about. 

JUj  rimdl  (pi.  of  J^),  Sands. 


ch; 


(164) 


'3J 


yj^j  rummdnf  The  pomegranate,  ^l^^, 
One  pomegranate.      d>^j  rummanl, 

Besembling  a  pomegranate.     ^w«j 

rummOntyatf  A  diah  dressed  with  the.  seeds 
,  and  juice  of  pomegranates. 

fA^j  ramdyim,  Eotten,  corrupted  bonea. 
^j  rumh,  A  spear,  a  lance. 

•X^j  ranu^d,  Ophthalmia. 

jfj  r^ms,  A  nod/  wipk,  sign,  signal,  m- 

timation,  hint.  An  enijnnatical  discourse  or 
writing,  a  cypher.  Asnbtue  distinction  or  mark. 
A  secret.    Abbreyiation  of  words  by  cyphers. 

^/M^j  rams,  Covering  with  earth,  bury- 
ing. A  sepulchre,  a  grave.  Equalling.  Hiding. 
Darting,  ahooting  (ah  arrow). 

^^Ld^  ramaddn,  The  ninth  month  of  the 

Mahometan  year,  during  which  the  prophet 
has  enjoined  a  fast  of  the  most  rigorous  land, 
all  go(^  Moslems  being  interdicted  from  eating, 
drinking,  and  conjugal  duty,  from  the  rising  of 
the  sun  till  the  appearance  of  the  «tan ;  the 
sick,  the  traTeller,  the  soldier  in  the  field,  and 
others  whose  situation  will  not  permit  so  strict 
an  obseryance  of  it,  being  obliged  to  fast  a 
complete  month  when  their  health  and  circum- 
stances will  allow.  The  ramadan  is  greatly 
reyered  on  many  accounts,  but  particularly  from 
the  belief  that  it  was  on  the  27th  of  this  month, 
called  ^  the  night  of  power,"  that  the  Alcoran 
began  to  descend  from  heayen ;  on  the  anni- 
Tersary  of  which  all  orthodox  Mahometans  con- 
tinue most  fenrently  in  prayer,  imagining  that 
eyery  petition  then  put  up  to  the  Onmijpotent 
willbefayourably  receired.  [mg  At. 

Jk«j  ramk  (or^^lLtj),  Looking  or  glanc- 

J^j  ramly  Sand,  especidly  a  particalar 
kind  of  it  used  in  Geomancy,  called  by  the 

Arabians  ^J^  ^  Ji£,  The  science  of  sand. 

Upon  this  sand  (for  which  paper  is,  howeyer, 
sometimes  substituted)  they  draw  many  unequal 
lines,  upon  which  are  disposed  a  certain  num- 
ber of  points,  from  the  combinations  of  which 
they  pretend  to  foretell  friture  eyents.  8ome 
Orientals  attribute  this  inyention  to  the  ante- 
diluyian  patriarch  Enoch;  some  to  the  pro- 
phet Daniel ;  some  to  Cham,  the  son  of  Noah; 
and  others  to  the  Egyptian  Hermes,  or  Tris- 
megistus.  It  is  in  ^eat  yo^e  in  t)ie  East, 
many  elaborate  treatises  haying  been  written 
on  the  subject. 

^1  J^j  ramlalhahr,  Sand  of  the  sea. 


J-^ 


jUl  LfJx  i^Ji^  Uii  ^UjJ^  v< 

k::^j^  Ju^flcUlj  (jUwuM^I,  For  tl 

island,  upon  which  yon  are,  is  not  really 
island,  but  it  is  a  great  fish  that  has  becoi 
stationary  in  the  midst  of  the  sea,  and  t 
sand  has  accumulated  upon  it,  so  that  it  \ 
become  like  an  island,  4Uid  tnees  hare  gro^ 
up  upon  it  for  a  yeij  long  time,  and  wb 
you  hghted  a  fire  on  it,  the  fish  feh  the  h< 
and  put  itself  in  motion. 

A^j  ramtah,  Ratna  in  Palestine. 
^yj  rumiih,  A  kicking  horse,  etc. 
jyj  rumUZf  Signs,  nods,  enigmas. 

i^^yj  rumiUy  Grayes,  sepulchres. 

^^j  ramy,  Throwing  from  Uie  ban 

darting «  jayelin,  diooting  an  arrow,  hitti 
the  mark. 

M^j  rrnnlm,  Ptttrid,  earioos,  ooimpte 
worn.    jJi  c/'jJIb  ^j^^  C/yLA^\  ^^ 

*fj2^.4X  l«j  IfJ  1^  U  \^jVi  ji  *\^j4 

Where  are  the  kings  and  the  builders  of  toi 
in  the  earth  P  They  haye  quitted  that  whi 
they  haye  built  and  peopled ;  and  in  the  en 
they  are  pledged  for  their  past  actions ;  the 
after  destntction,  they  haye  beootne  put 
bones.  Where  are  the  troops  P  they  repel] 
not,  nor  profited.  And  where  is  that  whj 
they  collected  and  hoarded  P  The  deove 
the  Lord  of  heayen  surprised  them :  neitl 
riches  nor  refbge  sayed  them  from  it. 

i^j  rannat,  Sound  of  metals,  glass. 

mJj  ranam,  Sounding,  singing,  moduli 
ing.    Cooing  (as  a  doye). 

^j  ranin,  Twanging  (as  a  bow-strio{ 

Groaning.    Vociferating,  eiring  out,  maki 
any  sound  with  the  yoice.    Listening  to. 
afixicted  woman,  groaning  and  Uuneating. 

d^ljM  rutcdt,  Historians,  nairators. 
0^\jj  rawdj,  Being  yendible,  in  gn 

demand,  or  selling  well  (goods) ;  the  cunri 
of  money  or  other  commodity ;  disbursing 
receiying   money;   buying  or   selling  m 


I 


V 


(165) 


Z^J 


facility    {jLmS    implpng     difficulty 

of  lale).     ^\tj  c:^^,  The  time   of 
sale,  1  good  market. 

ia  te^W  tarih  iltf  hunaky  6o*not  there  again. 
ijM  -  (1^  i^£i\  Jl*  )  ^  hodd  annak 
iuruh  M^t,  Tou  must  go  with  me. 

rJi/  d^  ^^^  narnh  ffhadd.  We 

shall  go  to-morrow.  ^•jj\:j^khallind 

futrik,  Let  nsgo.  '^i)\  ^^  ujU*\  Ul 

lI/I^  ^1  Aid  AfcAd/  9itn  arrawah  Ha* 

Awfdi;,  I  am  afraid  to  go  there.    J  ^ 

ki^ •.  «yl  J  \^<^\P  '^  ^^"*  turdfiknl 
^  tfriU  imA(^.  Except  yea  accompany  me,  I 

^  not  go  by  myself.     (J^>^^^  f^^ 
<«i  M  tariiAv,    Now   yon    may  all    go. 

yancA  min  hund,  Tell  Mm  to  go  away. 

itj  Rudd,  Formerly  a  powerful  city  and 

republic,  known  by  the  name  of  Aradua.  Not 
I  angle  vail  ii  now  remaining  of  all  that  mnlti- 
t«ie  of  bonieB,  which,  aoooidmg  to*  Strabo,  were 
bailt  with  more  storiee  than  eren  those  of 
Hdme.  The  libettr  enjoyed  by  its  inhabi- 
tant hid  rendered  t&e  town  yery  popolons ;  it 
ra'!»flCed  by  naval  commerce,  manufactures, 
^  aita.  At  present  the  island  is  inhabited 
^7  f^  Arabian  lamilieB;  nor  has  tradition 
eren  retained  tiie  memory  of  a  spring  of  fresh 
v&tar  in  its  enTirona,  which  the  people  of 
Aiados  discoTered  at  the  bottom  of  the  sea, 
>tti  frvm  which  ihsf  drew  water,  in  time  of 
nr«  by  meaofl  of  a  leaden  bell  and  a  leathern 
ppe  fitted  to  its  bottom.  Opposite  the  Island 
01  Andas  ia  the  ancient  seaport  of  Mount 
I^inas,  the  celebrated  Tortoea,  from  which 
^woodof  Lebanon  was  conveyed  to  Phoenicia, 
tad  which  the  tranalators  of  the  Bible  take  for 
the  town  of  Tarsus.  So  instead  of  '*the 
Plaited)  yeawls  of  Tarsna  are  in  thy  pay," 
^e^it  oQgiht  to  be,  ''the  yessela  of  Tortosa 
«» itt  thy  pay,"  etc.     See  Tortosa. 

^  jf;  rmewdi,  One  who  dresses  and  sells 

*«^  of  cattle. 
i^'^jj  rawdfid,  The  followers  of  the 

BMtsf  AH,etUed^A«i^. 
j^jfif^  A.  gallery,  a  portico;  an 

Apstoait  epenbelbre,  either  at  the  top  of  the 


house  or  projecting  before  it,  in  the  manner  of 
a  balcony,  for  the  adrantage  of  air  or  prospect 

lA^j  riwdi^at,  A  history,  narrative,  re- 
iation,  tale,  tradition,  report,  fiction.    Story. 

Conversation,  j^/^  <^jj -r^  Td*^^ 

L5^  ^'j^  sft/J'  ^^  *^  affable  man 

whose  a^ct  might  inspire  me  with  confidence, 
or  whose  conyersation  might  relieye  or  quench 
my  thirst. 

f^\jj  rawdyih  (pi.  of  Aac^ij),   Odours. 

And  I  became  immersed  in  sleep,  enjoying  that 
sweet  zephyr  and  the  fragrant  odours. 

ijjj  rUpah,  A  rupee. 

-^  J  rah,  The  soul,  the  incorporeal  spirit, 

the  breath  of  God,  prophecy,  faith.  Jesus 
Christ.    The  angel  Grabriel  (whom  the  Maho- 

metans  eall  likewise  fj^\  rV^^^  -^^^ 
faithful  spirit,  and  (jy>#JJiS^  ^jJJ^»  ^^® 
holy  spirit,  tl^^-^^  r3j^»  '^^®  ^t^^^^ 
spirit.  ^jU-Jl-jj,  Mineral  spirit 
^\  -.^j,  The  divine  spirit.    dM\  -^^ 

The  spirit  of  God,  the  Holy  Ghost  (but  with 
the  Mahometans,  as  aboye,  Jesus  Christ,  and 

the  angel  Ghthriel).  c.^^^  ^4^  Uli 
jJix:  Jlij  ll JlI  \ia^  Wlii\  ^Lp  (•Xi 

2^  juM>-  f  And  when  the  king  heard  the 

words  of  Saleh,  he  was  yiolentl^  enraged ;  his 
reason  almost  departed,  and  Ms  soul  almost 

qtntted  his  body.    *j^s^\  ^^  ^dac^ 

♦  ^^j!^\  r  Express  a  high  value  even 

for  one  which  is  of  little  worth,  and  return 
thanks  even  for  the  minutest  present,,  and'  be 
not  desperate  at  meeting  with  refusal;  nor 
think  it  impossible  that  a  hard  rock  should 
yield  water ;  nor  despair  of  God's  spirit  and 
nelp;  for  that  is  the  part  of  an  infidel. 

iS^pj  rUhdni,    Spiritual,   holy,  con- 


U^J 


templatiTe.        d^x^^j      ruhdnlyat, 
Sanctity,  spiritaality. 

^Ojjfj  rdzndtnah,  A  book  of  the  day. 
A  calendar,  an  almanac. 

L/'^J  (P^*  ®^  U**]/)*  Heada,  chiefs.   ^j**^j 

JL^l ,  The  tops  of  monntains.    Uli 


( 166 )  ^^ 

M  m 

ifjAs:^\  ZaSi]  jjll,  For  if  Aey  woui 


c/^jy  ^^^  (^^  ^  J^^  ^y  ^ 

C-.9KII  'ijjb,  And  when  he  beheld  them, 

with  the  drawn  sworda  in  their  hands,  he 
called  out  to  hia  people,  saying :  Oh !  woe  to 
you !    Take  ye  the  heads  of  these  dogs ! 

Ljj  rUwoisa  (pi.  of  j^/y-J;,  f^Bi),  Ohiefs, 
chief  people. 

^jij  rawdat,  A  flower-garden,  a  meadow, 

a  pleasant  pkce,  a  paradise.  Pleasare.  Water 
jitft  coTermg  the  •bottom  <of  a  lake  or  cistern. 
This  name  is  giv«n  to  a  part  of  the  southern 
portico  of  the  great  mosque  of  £1-Medineh, 
because  the  prophet  said.  Between  my  tomb 
and  my  pulpit  is  a  garden  of  the  gardens  of 
PAradise.    See  BuicUiardt's  Arabia,  p.  337. 

uJj'j  ra-nf,    An    attribute    of   God, 
merciful,  propitious,  benign,  benevolent. 


Ai^    Mum,    Oreek.       *jjjl  js^^,    The 

Mediterranean  Sea.  Ji^J\  SL,  Greece. 

^jj  Butnl,  Roman,  Greek,     ^j^ 
The  city  of  Borne. 

^jj  raumak,  Beauty,  elegance,  loTeli- 
ness,  grace,  splendour,  ornament 

uJjfj  ra-*/.  Compassionate  (God). 
[ijj  fHifdy  A  dream,  a  yision.    j-t^ 

Uji^l,  Tke  interpretation  of  a  dream. 
<i jj  rU'ttifat,  Sight,  vision.    Considera- 

tion.  ^ji^^^Jb,Iuconaiderately,  Uj^js*^ 


ij^Ldl,  The  king,  therefore,  won- 
dered at  her  eighty  and  aft  her  beaatr  and  Ioto- 
liness,  and  the  shape  and  justness  01  her  form ; 
and  he  said  to  the  meroLaot,  How  much  is 
this  slave  P 

\jbjl\  MTuha,  Edessa. 

^^Lib;  ruhbdn^  Monks,  Christian  priests. 

..4b J  rahin,  A  hostagei  a  pledge,  a  pawn. 


I* 

\ 


pawn  me,  and  my  knowledge  with  me,  and  ( 
my  books  and  inK-«ase  too,  for  «iie  day's  fo< 
the  pledee  would  be  declined  ;  and  this  wou 
give  birm  to  the  most  contemptible  aecoui 

against  my  credit  and  deconim.  Jaj 
^Lj  Ui  \y>j  *  \^JkB.  Uj  \jJbj  fjjl 

US  ^U  i^^cu  (J*lj;:^il,  J^, 

J.>-  It  ^^Jij\^  And  consider  a  peop 

who  ornamented  and  decorated  their  palaa 
and  in  the  dust  have  become  pledged  ror  thi 
action.  They  built;  but  their  buildin 
availed  not :  and  accumulated  treasures ;  b 
their  wealth  did  not  save  tiiem  when  the  ta 
had  expired. 

^^^j  rahln,  Fledged,  pawned,  giren  as 

boetage.  ii-Jb,  (pi.  ^^U;),  a. pledge, 
hostage.  [simulatic 

\j  «  rif/d,  Hypocrisy.     Acting  with  di 
cijIjj  riffdtf  The  lungs. 
^Ij^riydA,  Winds.  Odours,  ezhalatioi] 
(jt^^  1  raydkin,  Odoriferous  herbs. 

^M^bj  ri-dtat,  Goyemment,  dominio 

command,  superiority.  Presidenoyorpresida 
ship. 

ijo\ij  fiydd  (pi.  of  i>i^j\  Gardens. 

^bj  riyddat^  Abstinence,  mortifyii 

the  flesh,  austerity. 
^\lj  riyddl  {Lj\iJ\^^\),  Math 

matics,  the  abstract  sciences. 

^\lj  riydlah^  a.  t.,  used  in  Arabic, 
rear-admiral,  formerly  a  bey,  now  a  pasha. 

u*^;  rayh^  Doubt,  suspicion.  Incertitud 
^iHA,  Wind.  ,  ^  aI^  ^.,  The  sou 

wind.  ^  ♦  U jw  ^\  1^^  \^\  f 


I* 


■  ■^^t^h 


JiIh-» 


<jJ 


^'    .     --  ,         . 

^^^^A^JxLil  *X«le  i^^»  n.y^l  ^j^  CS 

bringestme  a  gentle  gale  from  the  place 
whicn  my  beloved  is  dwelling !    0  wind,  th 
bearest  a  token  of  my  bebved!     Knoir< 
thou,  when  he  will  amve  ? 


^J 


(167) 


^ 


\s^ .  B&a,  The  uidaat  Jerkdio,  ritoated 

u  kagiiBi  to  the  aoiih-Mit  of  Jeraralem,  in 

&  plsin  ox  or  aefn  laagnei  long,  by  three 

wide,  ooand  which  nre  a  nomber  of  barren 

BKnatsos,  that  render  it  extremely  hott  Here 

foraalT  w«  ealtiTatad  tho  balm  of  Meocai 

From  iat  denription  of  tiie  Hajjia,  thtt  is  a 

dinh|  anflar  to  the  pomagranate-trea,  with 

lesTEs  Hb  Ihote  of  me.      It  bears  a  pplpT 

sat,  in  v^  is  eontmnfid  a  kernel  that  yieldi 

the  nuoBi  jmoe  called  balm  or  balaam  of 

QUaimii^f  eifteemad  in  the  East  in  the 

praat  47.    This  ebmb  haa  disappeared 

from  &  ml;  and  the  trareUer  who  should 

isqon  ifter  it,  and  the  flower  called  the  rose 

•f  Jtridio,  vboM  precise  nature  has  pnzzled 

10  Biaj  able  commentators,  would,  in  both 

aw.  aeet  with  disrapointment;  for  they  are 

equDr  unknown  to  the  inhabitants  of  the  plaee. 

Jc^,j  rtian,  Swaet-basiL  Sihdn  also 
ineoaBOB  proper  name  of  men,  now  com- 
ixaif  giTca  ts  ikTeB;  and  the  name  of  sweet- 
aejUo;  pbats  in  general,  and  espedaUy 
ajfTtk  It  also  ngniAes  any  &Tonr  of  Uod,  the 
fifties  aeoeaazy  for  snbnstence,  a  son,  etc 

\j^jnp,  A  head,  chief,  principal  presi- 
^  coammder,  iha  captain  of  a  ship,  a  pilot. 

iJ^ifUil or  rUAtf^,  A  feather,   ^^^toli 

"fU^  i^jJlyb  ^U  Sj^  Umi  J^U)^ 

*^  Jt,  And  when  ihey  take  off 

^  ilmsuv  Mst  thine  e^e  npon  the  dress  of 
Men  beloneiag  to  the  chief  dignsel,  who  is 
tfeoljeetof  thydsiiTe,  and  take  it ;  but  take 
^  nght  bcnde  it;  far  it  is  the  thing  that 
o&njcdi  ha  to  her  ooontry. 

Jij  rtk.  Spittle,  water  ranning  from 
^  Qoqth  in  themofning;  whenoe  ^Jlc 
Jijl  With  a  morning  stomaoh,  •'.#., 

•ij  ri-my  A  milk>white  doe  or  deer. 
f,j  fla,  A  white  deer. 
c^iy*   See  v/^j* 


j  mhe  eleventh  letter  of  the  Arabic 
jwbct,  denoting  seven  in  arithmetic  Satnr- 
^athe  almanacf,  and  the  sign  Scorpion  in 


\ 


-  j  •ft  (or^-i^.^  -\j),  Copperaa,  vitrioL 
I  Mineral  of  Titriol. 


jfAj  %djir,  Prohibitive,  who  hinders. 
i,^J>Aj  ndhif,  Dragging  the  legs,  fatigued. 
J^ljsdM,  Who  retires,  remains  behind. 
jsi^\j  talMr,  FuU.     Swelling  (sea). 
o\j  s4i,  TraveUing,  provisions,  yictuals, 
▼ivres.    JsLJj  IL>.y\j  j\jl\  ^Jb  ^ 

^b  \jt^\^  J^\^i^\^.  Then 

he  prepared  the  provisions  for  the  Journey, 
and  the  escort  to  ^  with  her,  and  going  in  to 
his  daughter  at  mght,  commanded  her  to  set 
forth  on  the  journey. 

so\j  nadah  (Persian  used  in  Arabic), 

Bom.     A  son.     ifti\j  if\J^,  A  king*8 

son,  a  prince.  9j\j  f^\,  Nobly  bom. 
(Persian). 

cj\j  %dri^  A  sower.     <U>AJ  cj\j  l^j 

i\ya  Ju0l>-,  One  often  sows  for  one's 
self  while  another  reapa. 
i\j  %dgh,  A  crow,  a  raven,  a  rook. 

^\j  tdkl  (fem.  i^\j,  pL  CuU^Jj),  Pure, 

holy,  pious. 
^\j  tdUh  (part.),  Slipping. 

j^\j  Mdmir  (fem.  i/«|j)f  A  singer,  a  per- 
former on  musical  instruments. 

ij\j  %anl,  An  adulterer,  a  whoremonger. 

ifjUzdnnfat^  An  adultress,  a  whore. 

LM  zdwiyat,  A  retired  comer,  a  cell, 
monastery,  convent,  cloister,  hermitage.    An 

angle.  A^aSli  ij^\j  it&wijfat  iaimah,  A 
right  angle.  »^l»-  ^i^^j  %&wiyai^  had- 
dahf  An  acute  angle,  ^ji^  h^) 
idwiyat  munfarifah,  An  obtuse  angle. 
JUyyu^LjU  zdunt/at  mujoBsamah,  A 
solid  angle.  ^^)jJ^  (S^  kaimtU  zdwi' 
yaA,  Bight-angled.  Ji^\ji\^jix^mun' 
fanful  idweyahf  Obtuse-angled.  jU- 
blijJ\  haddul  aawdyd,  Acute*angled. 

Jjb\j  %sMd,  Eeligious,  devout,  abstinent, 

content    An  ascetic. 
jib\j  zdhir,  Shining,  florid,  vivid.   Lucid, 

plain,  clear,  ardent. 
Jj\j  sd-ii,  Bedundant,  superfluous,  ad- 
I      Bcititious,  additional,  acoeeaory. 


■J 


(168) 


IJ) 


^\  ad-fr  (fem.  sd-f  ra^),  Yisiting,  a  visitor. 

J7j  %&•%  Defective,  deficient,  failing, 
perishing,  Tanishing,  transitory,  fleeting,  firail. 


Know  that  thy  soul  is  aboat  to  ^oit  the  world, 
and  to  perish  and  depart  from  it :  then  wilt 
thoa  be  reduced  to  destruction ;  and  it  is  the 
worst  abode  to  which  thou  art  going. 

jLj  zubddf  Civet. 

Jbjssa33<3/,  One  who  draws  dung,  ^bj, 
zftbalat,  Filth. 

(Jljjj  Zibddni,  Zibdanl  is  a  consider- 
able Tillage,  lying  about  half  way  between 
Balbec  and  Damascus,  from  each  of  which 
places  it  is  distant  about  eight  hours.  It  is 
likewise  a  great  thorouglifare  from  the  latter 
place  into  the  mountain  (the  Anti-Libanus) 
and  vice  versA.  From  the  great  concourse  of 
strangers,  it  has  an  air  of  bustle  and  life,  not 
usually  seen  in  these  parts.  The  inhabitants, 
three-fourths  of  whom  are  Musselmen,  the 
remainder  Christians,  breed  cattle  and  the 
silkworm :  they  have  also  some  dyeing  houses. 
The  town  is  partly  built  on  the  nigh  ground, 
and  partly  on  the  low,  with  large  gardens 
attached  to  each  house,  which  are  plentifully 
supplied  with  water  from  the  mountain. 
Ziod&nl  is  one  of  the  most  delightful  places 
in  Syria,  on  account  of  its  rich  yegetation  and 
abundance  of  water.  The  great  quantities  of 
^pes  produced  far  exceed  the  wants  of  the 
inhabitfuits ;  and  they  are  conyerted  mto  a  juicy 
saccharine  substance,  called  dibs,  and  used  as 
a  substitute  for  sugar. 

if  Jj  J  whdat,  The  cream  of  milk,  the  best 

of  anything.    Aji\  si^  i^j.  The  most 
excellent  and  first  of  men. 

*^jij  Mhixrfadf  A  kind  of  emerald,  a 

chrysolite,  topaz,  beryl,  jasper.    ZabarjadJ^  Of 
the  colour  of  a  chrysolite. 

JjJ  %%hdl  or  xtM,  Dung,  rubbish. 

j^j  sMbUr,  The  Psalms  of  David. 

V— ^*t  I  nabib.  Raisins. 

A.M^ :  uablbat,  One  raisin. 

^U-J  syay.  Glass.  ^If  J  «ii;'4;;  A  glass- 

merchant,   l^  U-j ,  A  bit  of  glass.  A 

cup,  a  glass,    lc^t  1>J ,  Made  of  glass. 

A  glass-maker.   ^^U-jy-tfi,  A  build- 
ing or  framework  of  glan. 


%ajr^  An  impediment,  opposition 

Force,  yiolence.  Conjecture,  diyination,  augury, 
obserying  the  flight  of  birds. 

J  talMfy  Creeping, 

i*l»j  stAdm,  Pressing  (as  people  in  i 

crowd).     A  crowd.      A\>^^\j^y  A 
great  crowd. 

u.i>J  (anduJ^J),  Proceeding,  making 

progress.    Creeping  forward  (as  a  boy  on  th 
ground).    Bragging  the  Umbs  fix>m  £atigae. 

J»J  %uhal,  The  planet  Saturn. 
f^^j  %ahm  (or  ^J),  A  crowd,  a  inmull 
^111  a\,  Mecca  (on  account  of  th* 

crowds  of  pilgrims). 

i^jtahmat,  Affliction,  grief,  dlsqaietude 

indisposition  of  body  or  mind.    Diaease,  dii 
order. 

jj  str,  A  coat-button. 

jj  wur  (imp.  of  To  visit).  Visit.      V^j 

U^  J\jp ,  Visit  seldom,  jou  will  in 
crease  loye. 

^ijj  tird^at,  Agriculture,  cultivation  c 
the  ground.  (jauU^I  ^1  u:. 


y 


mij^^  IfJ  iZJJ^jiJi,  Now  I   ha^ 

heard  that  the  methods  of  subsistenoe  ai 
these :  Administration,  commerce,  husbandry 
and  handicraft.  So  I  engaged  suooessiyely  i 
each  of  these  four,  to  see  which  was  txto 
proper  and  adyantageous  for  me ;  bat  I  foux 
none  of  them  such  as  to  merit  my  approlx 
tion,  or  such  that  I  might  deriye  a  me  * 
comfort  therefrom. 

m 

ii\jj  zurdfat,  A  giraflfe. 

Jjj  ward,  A  coat  of  mail ;   linViTig    ^ 

^ther  the  iron  rings  of  which  the  ooat  of 
IS  formed. 


)ijj  Zardaaht  or  Ztrduikt,  Zoroaate: 

the  Z^usht  of  the  Persians,  the  founder  . 
reformer  of  the  Magian  religion.  The  mo 
opposite  opinions  luiye  been  held  both  1 
ancient  and  modem  writers  respecting  ^ 
time  in  which  he  liyed. 

sJjj  zardah,  Eice  dressed  with  honej*. 

jjljjj  sarsAr,  A  starling. 

&jj  zar^,  Sowing,  scattering  seed. 


li; 


(169) 


:>) 


Xlll  Xa>^  ^^J^  fyjf  B!e  who 
sows  beoerolence  reaps  thanks.     ^ 

LJjyulUjLC  Xa9^  i^^yui^\  ft;J,  He 
vbfO  Mvs  beoerdenoe  reaps  ingratitude. 

U  y  lork  (fern.),  Blue. 

^; ;  nmliU,  Orpiment. 

4«Uj  s^dMf^  A  seigniory  or  fief  be- 

etovedftr  nflitary  lerrioes. 
jUiJ  Mc/ardff,  Saffron. 

J2j  iMi  Galling  out,  terrifying. 

*£j  tftfli,  Thinking,    imagining,   pre- 
iBB^,  ipeikiiig  from  belief     An  opinion. 

80  mibaiided  idea.     (Ji3  j^  ^\  *cj 

:<^<B«M<iii  iasa/i3t,  He  aoaerted  that  it  ib  so. 

CiUlJ  *  Jic  (i<U  il<i^  cu^J  ^j,li 
♦iiUj  Jal  jli  JL)U  *  Cj^,  If  thou 

nert  ^  thoa  art  a  great  king,  the  kine 
viio  it  my  aster^s  son  is  a  sweater  king ;  ana 
if  tiun  botsteet  that  thy  £uighter  is  lorely, 
BT  (Uogbter'B  son  is  more  loTely  than  she, 
B^  aore  beaatiliil  in  form  and  more  excel- 
|e3t  in  nnk  sad  deM»nt,  as  he  has  sorpessed 
ia  good  and  euellent  qualities  all  the  great 
BSkofhiitiaie. 

«^j  »^Mid  (pi.  of  M^j  sa^fm),  Pos- 

Kwnofmsjor  fie&. 

«^j  u^ffli,  A  boaster,  pretending  to  what 

kebasDorigfat  Aiponsor,  asorety.  A  prince, 
i<«iBr,  iiBiiibl  due^  militsoy  tenant. 

^j  i^,  Pitch,  resin. 

}]  ^f^t  Anything  fat,  from  which  they 

ibiim  in  rigid  &sts. 
jjjnidl,  A  street,  market-place,  lane, 

*^S^  U-'^  ^3  ^  '-^  v/^  ^J 

^^1^  life  Jk«*ii^f  And  when  the 

1^^^^  had  gone  forth  with  Jaa£ur  and 
Mtmv,  tnd  th^  had  passed  through  seyeral 
"  "«  Hikel-atieetB,  they  proceeded  along  a 


lane,  and  saw  there  an  old  man  with  a  net  and 
basket  upon  his  head,  and  a  staff  in  his  hand, 
walking  at  his  leisure,  and  reciting  these  verses : 

S^j  wk&kif  Belonging  to  a  street,  mar- 
ket, etc.  Vulgar.  The  Yulgar  dialect  (as 
spoken  in  markets). 

f^jtdkkilmy  An  infernal  tree  (mentioned 

in  the  Alcoran),  the  fruit  of  which  is  supposed 
to  be  the  heads  of  devils.  A  thorny  tree,  from 
the  fruit  of  which  they  make  oil.  Infernal  food. 

jjyj  sAibhin,  A  plant  which  grows  at 

Jericho,  and  which  produces  a  sweet  oil  cele- 
brated for  healing  wounds.  This  plant  re- 
sembles a  plum-tree ;  it  has  thorns  four  inches 
long,  with  leaves  like  those  of  the  olive-tree, 
but  narrower  and  greener,  and  prickly  at  the 
end.  Its  fruit  is  a  kind  of  acorn,  without  a 
csdiz,  under  the  bark  of  which  is  a  pulp,  and 
then  a  nut,  the  kernel  of  which  gives  an  oil 
that  the  Arabs  sell  very  dear.  This  is  the 
sole  commerce  of  the  ancient  Jericho,  which 
is  at  present  no  more  than  a  miserable  village. 

iflSj  takdt  and  5/j  (pL  ^^j),  Alms. 

Alms-giving.  An  alms  is  required  bv  law  to 
be  given  annually  to  the  poor,  of  camels,  oxen, 
sheep,  goats,  horses,  mules,  asses,  gold,  and 
silver,  provided  the  propert^r  be  of  a  certain 
amount,  as  five  cameU,  thirty  oxen,  forty 
sheep,  five  horses,  two  hundred  dirhems,  or 
twenty  dinars.  The  proportion  is  ^nerally 
one-fortieth,  which, is  to  be  paid  in  kme,  or  in 
money,  or  other  equivalent 

M^j  tukdm,  Deflation,  rheum. 

i^\^j  zakdwat,  Purity,  probity,  innocence. 

^j  taklf  Pure,  virtuous,  just,  pious. 

Jj  so/,  and  JJ)  zakU,  To  commit  a  mis- 
take, to  be  deceived,  to  be  iu  error.  ^ 
J :  duLu  ^jJc^\,  man  astaghna  ht^il' 

mihiBoOa,  He  who  contents  himself  with  hia 
own  knowledge  is  mistaken  (is  in  error). 

LSij  tdl&hiyati  A  thin  pancake. 

tZJij  waUaty  Mistakes,  errors.     CL^lj 

blLfiLj,  Faults  and  sins. 
Jjij  fuUdnil,  Earthquakes. 
djiij  zuldkat,  A  slippery  place. 
JSj  tuldl,  Pore,  limpid,  wholesome  water. 

Mi 

iij  tallat,  An  error,  a  blunder. 

J\jlj  %ahdl  or  st7sd/,  Tremor. 

iJfJj  zdlzalat  (pi.  of  Jj5j  «ate«»7).  An 
earthquake.    Earthquakes  are  felt  at  intervals 


9  • 


(170)  jj; 


in  Syria.  Tbe  cout  in  general  is  subject  to 
them,  and  biatoij  giTes  na  many  instances  of 
earthquakes,  which  have  changed  the  face  of 
Antioch,  Laodicea,  Tripoli,  Beirut,  Tyre, 
Sidon,  etc.  In  the  year  1759  there  happened 
one  which  caused  great  raTae^es.  It  de- 
stroyed, in  the  YaUey  of  Baibeo,  upwards 
of  twenty  thousand  persons,  a  loss  which  has 
never  been  repaired.  For  three  months  the 
shocks  of  it  terrified  the  inhabitants  of  Lebanon 
so  much  as  to  make  them  abandon  their  houses 
and  dwell  under  tents.  It  is  rraiarked  in  Syria, 
that  earthquakes  seldom  happen  but  in  winter, 
after  the  autumnal  rains ;  and  this  observation 
seems  to  prove  that  the  action  of  water  on 
the  dried  earth  has  some  share  in  these  con- 
vulsive motions.  It  may  not  be  improper  to 
remark,  that  the  whole  of  Asia  Minor  is  sub- 
ject to  them  in  like  manner.  When  writing 
this  article  we  read  the  following  specitd 
telegram,  which  appeared  in  the  Times: 
*'  Alexandretta,  Apnl  6.  Half  the  town  of 
Antioch  was  destroyed  by  an  earthquake  on 
the  3rd  of  April ;  1600  persons  were  killed. 
Great  distress  prevails  in  consequence."  It 
is  with  reeret  that  it  must  be  observed  that 
this  ancient  city  has  been  peculiarly  subject  to 
the  destructive  visitation  of  earthquakes.  It 
was  almost  demolished  in  the  years  a.d.  340, 
394,  396,  466,  626,  628,  and  668,  etc.  By 
the  last  date  (668),  above  60,000  persons  had 
perished.  To  put  an  end  to  this  inconven- 
ience, the  best  means  would  be,  never  to  build 
houses  with  stones,  but  with  wood,  which  is 
so  abundant  in  that  country. 

ZiJj  talkahf  A  slippery  place.     A  fall. 

Ik^j  ZiMha,   The  wife  of  Potiphar, 

whose  passion  for  Joseph  is  much  celebrated 
in  the  East,  particularly  in  two  elegant  Per- 
sian poems  by  Nazarni  and  JamJ, 

jXtj  nrndnif  A  rein,  a  bridle. . 

^U;  zamdn,  Time,  an  age. 

j^j  namff  A  flute,  or  otlier  inBtroment. 

ij^j  tumrat  or  sumraA,  A  multitude,  a 
troop. 

Oj^j  zunntrrud,  An  emerald,  ^jo^  ^\  J 


^UUI,  He  then  arose  and  took  with 
him  two  leathern  bags  full  of  jewels  and  ja- 
cinths, and  oblong  emeralds,  and  gold  and 
silver,  and  all  kinds  of  precious  stones ;  and  he 
made  his  servants  carry  them. 

i^j  famsam,  A  famous  well  at  Mecca, 

called  likewise  Hagar's  Well.  The  water  of 
the  well  of  Zamzam,  in  the  temple  of  Mekkeh, 
Is  beUered  to  possess  miraoulous  virtue,  andii 


therefore  brought  away  in  bottles  or  flaaka  Ij 
.  many  of  the  ]^ilgrims,  to  be  used  when  ooct- 
sion  may  require  as  medicine,  or  to  be  'sprinkled 
on  gravC'linen.  A  bottle  of  it  is  a  oommoiQ 
and  acceptable  present  from  a  pilgrim  ;  and 
a  euest  is  sometimes  treated  with  a  sip  of  this 
holy  water. 

^j^j  itamzamah,  Soft  murmur  of  voices. 
^j  %amn,  Time.    ^i,gJjff\  l^^laJ  Leli 


the  Khaleefeh  beheld  this,  teats  ran  down  his 
cheeks,  and,  looking  towards  Jaa&r,  he  ex- 
claimed, 0  dog  of  wezeers,  shall  people  be 
murdered  in  my  time,  and  be  thrown  into  the 
river,  and  become  bunlens  upon  my  conscience 
and  responsibility  ? 

^J^j  *am<mi,  Temporary,  worldly*  frail. 

jiji^J  M^^^f>  Intense  oold,  shiTeiing, 

the  beginning  of  a  rigid  vrinter.  The  forty 
days  following  the  winter  solstice. 

\ij  zind,  Adulteryi  fornication.     ^j*^j, 

A  bastard. 

Jlj jUj  nanddikai  aitfd  (JiC^Jj  (pi.  of 
j;j«Jjj),  An  atheist. 

j\ij  tunndr  (or  ij\jj),  A  belt. 

jUj  iundk  or  zandk,  Anything  put  round 

the  nose  of  a  horse  to  hold  him  steady.  Zmai^ 
A  necklace,  any  ornament  for  the  neck. 

jJ\jj  zananir  (pi.  ofjUj),  Belts. 

(JL^J  smberek,  A  watch-spring. 

JmJJ  zamhak,  The  white  lily.-  Jaamine. 
j^j  zamhur  (pl.^l3j),  A  waap. 

J^J  zamhJl,  A  basket 
^J   zinj   or   ^yj,    The    Ethiopians. 
;  zinjX  One  Ethiopian. 
fj  zaf^'ahll,  Ginger. 

if/efTJ  zanjifrah  (or  jiseTj),  Cinnabar, 
vermUion. 

fiosrj  zinjlr,  A  chain. 

Jjj  Zand,  The  elbow,  the  smaller  aa<i 
interior  bone  of  which  is  called  Jj*;^\ 
^i\  and  the  other  Ji-9S\  jjjl\^ 


yj 


(171) 


JV 


*CCjuj  «  CSt^jt  And  he  replied. 


eV 


Vt  908,  rofiBg  utile  entrance  to  thu  method ; 
lilatBess  ill  garb,  adboitness  its  lamp,  andadty 
ill  trooor  and  ve^ons ;  be  swifter  than  a 
loott,  more  prowHng  than  a  jackal,  nimbler 
dm  a  vOd  gaselle,  and  bolder  than  a  tiger- 
*?If ;  itrib  fire  from  the  flint  of  fortone  by 
isdiBtiT,  and  knock  at  the  door  of  maintenance 

^Sij  miakti^  Impietj,  heresy. 


J^Xj  tmak^  Im^ooB.   An  atheUt.   A 

'wsWpper  of  ftra. 

^yj  ZmUna^  Qoeen  of  Palm jm.  After 

^  diath  of  her  hnshand,  Odenathns,  abont 

^-  3M,  Zenobia  aaramed  the  imperial  dia- 

^  nd  porple  «  regent  for  her  tons,  and  not 

Oily  iwiirtained  the  pomp,  bnt  discharged  all 

&•  ictiTe  dstiea  of  a  sorereign.   She  appeared 

is  oartial  attire  at  the  he£d  of  her  troops, 

ud  iUred  their  toUs  both  on  honehack  and 

en  foot  She  mm  at  onoe  liberarand  pradent 

is  the  adamustration  of  the  rerennes,  striet  in 

^ipcDsiBg  jnrtioey  and  merdlhl  in  theexeveise 

^  porer.  But  not  content  with  enjoying  the 

^^uSediadependeiiee  grateftilly  oonoeded  by 

Galbanii,  and   tolerated   by  Claudins,  she 

npi^  to  iadode  all  Syria,  Asia,  and  Egypt 

vhbis  the  limits  of  her  sway,  and  to  make 

food  the  title  whioh  she  olaimeil  of  Qneen  of 

tbefiait  By  this  nsh  ambition  she  lost  both 

bcr  kiagdom  and  her  liber^.    Loaded  with 

Ncdf  jewels,  fettered  hsna  and  foot  with 

^Kxlee  of  gold,  she  was  led  by  a  golden 

e^  befiiie  Sm  chariot  of  AnreHan  along  the 

Saoed  Way,  while  all  Home  gaxed  with  ea|^r 

cviwtf  on  the  Arabian  princees.    Profltinff 

W  tie  dcneney  of  her  eom^tteror,  she  passed 

toe  icoaiBder  of  her  life  with  her  sons,  after 

theosaaer  of  a  Roman  matron,  in  the  vicinity 

cITuoh,  aigh  to  &e  goigeovs  tiIIb  of  Hadrian, 

« IS  eitite  whioh  ttill  bore  her  name  when 

^«ffi»  viete  her  hietory.    One  black  stain  is 

"*»hwi  to  tte  memorr  of  Zenebia.    It  is  re- 

*"MAal,  stimnlated  by  the  jealousy  of  a 

I^Bfltftfr,  ihe  consented  to  the  death  of  her 

jwadbeesase  he  seemed  to  prefer  Herodes, 

™  *n  by  a  fermer  wife,  to  Herennianns  and 

TtarisM^hisehildre&byherBell  Thischaree, 

^a;rrtiahle  in  itseu  when  we  recollect  the 

|2^(tnt  psssboa  which  so  often  rage  in  the 

"^  *!*  cipeeialW  in  an  Bastem  despot,  ia 

^'oMmA.  by  Gibbon  aa  a  very  oajnst  sus- 


picion ;  but  he  forgets  that  it  rests  npon  the  same 
authority  as  that  of  nearly  all  the  particulars 
which  he  has  admitted  without  hesitation  in 
regard  to  her  career, — ^namely,  the  rumours 
ooUected  by  the  Augustan  historian. 

^^•j  Mu^dyi  ICarriage,  matrimony.  cs^|^ 

'c^5yb^£lL<^\u^3usHVJ^- 
e,^  ^y  ^  ur- W»  •VS  c:^^^  ^V 

jj^\^  Then  knoweet,  0  king,  that  the 

Queen  Joharah,  the  daughter  of  our  lord  the 
king,  must  be  married;  for  the  sage  saith,  The 
incTitable  lot  of  the  damsel  is  either  marriage 
or  the  graTC^ 

j^A^j    wmodjifj   Prohibition,   forbidden 

tfcdngs. 
if  J^J^  Mtfft^d^ia^,  Provisions  for  travelUng. 

jC^j  fuuowdr  (pL  ofy\j),  Pilgrims. 

Jf^j   nawdly   Declining.     The  instant 

after  the  sun  hss  attained  the  meridian  and 
begins  to  decline.  Declining  from  any  high 
position.  To  appear,  to  cease,  to  be  di^wi 


yUl  ^^•^  ^3  Eecite  to  me  some 


▼ersas:  perhaps  my  chest  may  thereby  be 
dilated,  and  these  sad  thoughts  may  be  dis- 
pelled, and  the  flame  that  is  in  my  heart  be 
quenched. 

Jbl^ ;  Mwdhir,  Flowers,  ornaments. 

\)\^j  futwdyd,  Comers,  angles. 

jj^jlj  %awdffd,  Snperfluitiesi  redundancies. 

4M^j  zuba^h,  The  whirlwind  that  raises 

the  sand  or  dust  in  the  form  of  a  pillar  of 
prodigious  height,  often  seen  sweeping  across 
the  deserts  ana  fldds. 

^^j  Mwj,  Equal,   alike.      A  pair,   a 

couple.  Joined,  attached,  next  to.  A  spouse, 
a  husband,  a  wife. 

tlJU-^J  zawfdty  Sponses,  wives,    iijjii 

ijij^  ^.^y.  ^^^v  ^  ^'^  ^' 

{jijn^^  crfv^'  «-^ '  ^^^  ^^*  whose 
name  be  exalted !  blessed  him  with  two  male 
children  by  his  two  wires.  They  were  like 
two  shining  moons. 

J. J  %nr,  A  lie,  a  falsehood,  adulteration, 
jjj)  zUr,  Violence,  a  strong  effort.  By  forp^ 


J^J 


(172) 


j^J 


\iy,  zufd  (or  JjJ),  HyBBop. 

jl^  zuhhddf  Eeligious  abstinent  men, 
monks. 

JJbj  zuhd  (or  it^Uj),  Continence,  devo- 
tion. J^St JUb),  Abstinence  from  food, 
sobriety. 

ybj   sahr  and  j^j,   Flowers.       Syria 

possesses  an  immense  variety  of  flowers.    The 
following  are  the  names  of  a  few  of  them : 

J;j  ward,   Eose.      iUs^]^    tamr  al 

lis.     ^«**4 


lanafiajf  Yiolet. 


L/** 


\ 


08  or 


nartin,  The  myrtle.  ^jJU^  shakik. 
Anemone,  jj^^i^  mantur,  Gilliflower. 
sjM^y  naryit,  The  narcissus.  ,ji>^^\> 
yatminf  The  jasmine,  ^jlj^  »Mrffi, 
Eglantine.  ^Ut^  %ahr  el  ndrtng. 
The  Seville  orange-flower.  ^j«^ 
•«<flii,  Lily.  jjlaC^  HAa«,  Sweet- 
basil.  ^Uj  nammdm,  Wild  thyme. 
j\{)  hahdr,  Baphthalmum.  ^j^y^^ 
uk  hawdn,  Chamomile,  j^^  nflqfar, 
Nenuphar.  ^^^^^  hethnln,  Lotus, 
jldf^  julndr,  Pomegranate  flower. 
(jwli^*^  khathkhdih,  Poppy,  ^^-r"*^ 
hitmiyah,  Ketmia.  ^^\^  «i^«rafi, 
Crocus,  or  saffiron.    Juas.  oBfar,  saf- 


flower.      ^Jc^  kittdn,  Plax.       ^lM 

haktllah,  The  blossoms  of  different 
idnds  of  bean,  etc.,  etc. 

\ybj%ahrd  (fem.),  Splendid,  clear,  serene, 

brightysbiningfbeantifiil,  flourishing,  blooming. 

4-2^J;Jbj  tahardt,  Flowers,  etc. 

ijibj  Mhrat(;pl.iZj\jibj),A  flower.  See^. 

ijJbJ  iuhrah  or  zuhrat,  Venus.    A  sketch 

of  the  religion  of  the  Phoenicians. — ^The  bean* 
tiAil  Adonis  forsook  the  conch  of  Yenns  to 
pnrsne  the  pleasures  of  the  chase.  Jealons  of 
nis  rival.  Mars  changed  himself  into  a  wild 
boar,  and  lacerated  the  thigh  of  the  hnnter. 
The  grief  of  Venus  was  exoessiye ;  bnt  her 
sighs  could  not  avert  the  fate  of  her  lover,  and 
she  transformed  him  into  a  white  rose.  As 
the  weeping  goddess  fondly  caressed  the  fin- 


grant  flower,  her  hand  was  wounded  bj  t 
thorn,  and  the  leaves   were  dyed   cnmsoa 
with  her  blood.    All  roses  before  that  time 
had  been  white,  but  the  flower  that  had  re- 
ceived its  hue  from  the  blood  of  Venus  won 
became  the  adoration  of  the  world,  and  the  nd 
rose  was  always  afterwards  esteemed  as  the 
pride  of  the  florist  and  as  the  glory  of  the 
garden.    In  the  mean  time  the  death  of  the 
sylvan  warrior  was  told  by  a  thousand  voices; 
the  air  was  rent  with  the  cries  of  the  nymphs 
of  the  forests,  and  hill  and  valley  rang  with 
their  lamentations,  while  the  echoes  of  Leba- 
non still  repeated  the  name  of  the  loved  and 
lost  Adonis — *'  I  mourn  Adonis !  the  fair  Adonis 
is  dead !  dead  is  the  fair  Adonis,  whom  the 
Loves  lament !"    An  annual  festival  was  es- 
tablished to  commemorate  the  fate   of  the 
hunter  of  Lebanon;  and  the  ceremony  wu 
celebrated  with  all  the  disorder  of  real  affec- 
tion. The  women,  clothed  in  mourning  dresKS, 
uttered  doleful  cries  as  the]|r  passed  along,  beat 
their  breasts,  and  gave  theur  dishevelled  locks 
to  the  wind.    An  image  vras  borne  by  the 
crowd,  and  this  imaffe  represented  a  youth  who 
had  expired  in  the  flower  of  his  age.   FunenI 
hymns  resounded  on  every  side.    The  season 
was  that  at  which  the  sun,  after  the  autumnal 
equinox,  had  descended  to  the  lower  hemi- 
sflhere,  and  when  the  yellow  leaves  had  already 
withered  on  Uie  half-naked  boughs.    The  face 
of  Nature  is  then  overcast  with  gloom ;  each 
day  comes  later,  each  night  comes  sooner,  and 
the  approach  of  winter  is  heralded  by  the 
storms  of  autunm,  that  blight  the  gardens  and 
denude  the  forests.    It  is  then,  too,  that  the 
imagination  of  man  is  almost  always  com* 
pelleid  to  compare  the  march  of  the  year  with 
the  progress  of  life ;  that  youth  itself  oftui 
casts  an  anxious  look  towaros  the  fhtnre ;  and 
that  age  reflects  on  what  has  been,  and  medi- 
tates, or  ought  to  meditate,  en  what  must  be. 
The  anciente,  less  artificial  than  the  modems, 
were  mere  impressed  with  the  appeanmoe  oi 
Nature  than  we  are.    They  mourned  the  ima- 
^joBij  death  of  the  Sun,  the  God  of  Naturt 
in  the  not  less  fictitious  death  of  Adonis.    II 
was  remarked  by  the  Phoenicians  that  thi 
stream,  called  now  Nahr  Ibrahim,  near  whicl 
the  fabled  hunter  of  Lebamon  wis  slain,  be< 
came  annually  of  a  red  colour  at  the  aeasoi 
when  the  festival  was  celebrated  in  his  honour 
and  the  people  were  pleased  with  the  flg:men 
when  the  mytholoj^isis  foiled  that  the  rive 
had  receivea  its  cnmson  tmt,  not  from  the  re 
earth  washed  down  from  the  hilla  by  th 
autumnal  rains,  but  from  the  blood  whicl 
yearly  flowed  frx^m  the  wound  of  the  lamente 
Adonis.    The  season  was  felt  by  the  childre 
of  Nature  to  be  congenial  with  sorrow,  an 
they  were  pleased  with  a  fiction  which  fed  an 
indulged  for  the  moment  the  grief  that  the 
desired  should  be  only  transient    Thoa  th 
Phsenicians,  daring  the  Ivgae  of  many  age 
continued  to  mourUy  at  a  certain  season,  it 
death  of  Adonis :  nor  was  Adonis  any  oth< 
than  a  personification  of  the  Sun,  the  God  < 
Nature. 


^'ij 


(173) 


z: 


JuJbj  ttM,  Abetinent,  temperatei  Few, 

small,  narrow.  J^^JuJbi, Eating  little. 

^jj  ujfji,  A  drees,  habit,  form.    The 


ob j  w/ydtf  An  oil  merchant 
s  j\jj  w/ddat,  Augmentation,  increase, 
snipliu,  addition.    jIj'j  Jkl^l  Jjj  aJ^ 

^tj&ft^  xjjj  ^U^,  The  boy  ceased 

Qot,  vith  increase  0/  age,  to  increase  in  beauty 
and  loTElinee  nnlal  he  became  fifteen  yean  of 
Bge;  and  he  was  incomparable  in  his  perfect 
beauty  and  his  stature,  and  in  his  justness  of 
fom  sad  shape. 

i/ij  n^aratf   A    visit,   a  pilgrimage. 

hkji}  ^  ^y  J  u^>  c;^>  We 

tre  fomg  to  return  his  Tisit. 
J-J  j  libak,  Qaicksilyer. 

^J  taift  (pL  CJjij),  OU. 

jCjj  sayiitn,  Olives.     Zayt^natf  An 

otive-tree,  ind  olire.  The  oliye-tree  crows  at 
Aauoch,  Idlih,  Bdrut,  Ramla,  and  in  all 
S]fiia,  to  the  height  of  the  beech. 

^j  siy,  An  astronomical  table,  or  a 
book  containing  aatronomieal  tables. 

ijj  wfi^  Being  augmented.  Increasing, 

addioff.  Augmentation.  A  fictitious  name 
(as  Job  Nokes  or  Thomas  Stiles,  etc.). 

«^j  11^0,  It  isincreased ;  andimperatively. 

jjjjjjj.  Hay  his  fortune  or  rank  be 

adTueed  (applied  to  a  man  in.  an  inferior 
oSee  or  s^le  of  life) ;  to  those  of  a  superior 

station  they  use  aSs^Siy  May  his 

f^  xnereate;  to  a  cadi  or  judge  they  say 

^^^^j^  May  his  learning  or  ezcel- 
1*9  he  exalted ;  and  to  those  in  a  religious 

line  i\^  jj  j ,  May  his  pietybe  promoted. 
>j9JL)  ^"i^f^n^  The  barren  jujube-tree. 
di)  MfJi,  Adorning.      An   ornament. 

^  ms  fudm  the  son  is  always  handsome. 

^j  tino/.   An  ornament,    decoration, 

tatt.    ijjJ^  >»jj,  A  rejoicing  or  gala 


day,  a  festival.    ijjJ|^  ^^  V\  l^lSli 

h'^^JIV^^  ^^  L5^  H^.^  (^^^  ^^^  ^*^^* 

They  continued  the  rejoicings  and  the  public 
festivities,  the  illuminations  and  the  decora- 
tions, for  a  period  of  seven  days,  in  the  utmost 
happiness. 

^t^ ;  Elwdn,  A  kind  of  tare  or  darnel 

growing  amongst  wheat,  having  a  black  grain 
which  causes  inebriety  and  madnc 


less. 


(ja 


fjM  tun.  The  twelfth  letter  of  the  Arabic 

alphabet.  In  arithmetic  it  denotes  60,  and  in 
almanacs  is  the  character  for  the  sun,  in  hia 
sixth  aspect. 

^L»  sdUhj  Swimming.     A  swimmer. 
«^Ld  B&hi^  (mase.),  The  seventh. 

UjL>  »&bi^nt  In  the  seventh  place. 
^L»«a^»^A,Complete,ample,full,profuse« 

fjA^  s&hik  (fem.  ^L)),  part.,   Past, 

preceding,  going  or  gone  before.  Before  in 
point  of  time.  A  prSeoessor.  A  conqueros, 
one  who  surpasses  or  excels.  Before-men- 
tioned, above-named.  J^LJ^  e^^j* 
Time  past.  U;Li,  Before  this,  in 
past  times,  formerly,  anciently.    liuLi 

\3^i^  adbtkan  wa  Idhikan,  Before  and 
after. 

^L>  adbtkat,  The  past,  ancient  right  or 
custom.  A  former  act  of  crime,  former  con- 
viction.   Antecedent. 

^^L»  sdbiJI^n  (pi.  obi.),  Predecessors. 
JL  idtiff  part..  Covering,  hiding. 
-.L»  idjf  Ebony.  The  sabine-tree.  Indian 
plantain.     ^^^'  ^^^^  ^yj^  \^iLs 


,\SJL^ 


And  when  they  deter- 


(174) 


(^' 


mined  to  go  ont,  they  saw  there  a  door  of  saj 
(or  Indian  saka),  inlaid  with  iror^  and  ebonj, 
and  adorned  with  plates  of  hrilliant  gold,  in 
the  midst  of  that  palace.  Orer  it  was  hnng  a 
cnrtain  of  silk  worked  with  Tarioos  kinds  of 
embroidery,  and  upon  it  were  locks  of  silver 
to  be  opened  by  artifice,  without  a  key. 

^-Ls  idjid,  Prostrate  in  adoration.  One 
who  prostrates. 

»-L»  fahat  or  9€Lhah  (pi.  c:.^l>-L>),  A 

oonrt,  a  onadrangle,  a  piazza,  the  inner  part 
of  a  builaing. 

Li  9dhir  (fem.   S^La  »&hirat\  An 

enchanter,  a  msgicktt^  a  necromancer,  a  &»- 
cinator,  a  sorcerer.  [bmiser. 

Li  sahik.  One  who  brays  or  beats,  a 
J»>L)  mhil^  The  shore   or  sea-coast. 

j^\i  I  wish  to  live  in  a  town  situated 
on  the  sea^coast.    (JL^a  ^J  \j^ 

A 


-/- 


'^^ 


11 


Bolyed  that  affair,  and  having  taken  f6rth 
from  my  money  a  large  sum,  I  purchased  with 
it  eoods  and  merchandise  suitable  for  traTel, 
and  packed  them  up.  Then  I  went  to  the  coast. 


^^Lj  Bakhin  (fem.  i^L»),  Warm. 
CL^IjL)   saddty    Lords    (especially  the 
descendants  of  Mahomet).  C^l  jLJI  1^1 


A/^\  aiyyuhu  asidddt  al-kardm,  Most 


noble  lords  and  gentlemen.     1^-aJ— rl 

Know,  noble  gentlemen,  that  my  fii&er  was  one 
of  the  chief  merchants  of  Bagoad ;  and  God, 
whose  name  be  ezalted,  blessed  him  with  no 
son  but  myself. 

j^jL  Bddis  (fem.  LjjL),  The  sixth. 

LiJLi  tddiMn,  In  the  sixth  place. 

IT jLt  sadah,  Pure,  unmixed, simple.  Plain. 

jL)   8drr,   Bendering  cheerful.     jL^i 

gji^  Happy  tidings. 

-jL»  sdrih  (fem.  A>.jL),  part.  (Cattle) 
pasturing  freely. 


jjL  BdrA  (fem.  ^U),  A  thief. 

^^jL  idrt^h  (pi.  i^j^^  sawdrikhX  A 
rocket    A  sky-rocket. 

(j^Ls  sdri.  Passing,  penetrating,  per- 
vading, flowing.    Infecting,  contagious. 

^LiLi    Sd$dn,      Sasan   is   frequentlj 

alluded  to  in  the  Makamat,  called  the  Sasa- 
nite,  as  the  prince  of  heggazs.  He  was  the 
eldest  son  of  the  king  of  a  district  of  TTestem 
Persia,  who  was  disinherited  by  his  father  in 
faTour  of  a  daughter  and  her  posterity ;  and 
being  exceedin^Y  disgusted  thereby.  Joined 
the  Kurdish  shepherds  and  lired  the  life  of  a 


beggar.  Hence  he  was  called  the  prince  of 
mendicants,  and  of  all  those  who  pretend 
blindness,  lameness,'  deafness,  ete.,  a&d  lead  or 


are  led  by  dogs  and  monkeys^     k^\ 


thou,  by  Grod*s  grace,  art  my  hei^  apparent, 
and  my  successor  aa  chief  of  the  tribe  of 
Sasan.  Now  one  like  thee  should  nerer  beinj 
imbecility,  nor  re<{nire  counsel  from  tilie  arte 
of  divination ;  but  is  sailed  by  his  station  to 
give  advice  to  others,  and  destined  to  polish 
uie  minds  of  his  countrymen.  I  will  there- 
fore bestow  on  thee  such  partinf  eounsel  as: 
Seth  gave  not  to  the  Anbath,  nor  Jacob  to  the 

tribes.    *  f*^^j  ^^yF  ^Hj^^j^^^ 


ur* 


U  ^Uft  ^^ 


♦^UL 


*  ^LmII  iL^  ^^,  Then  Abou-Zaid 

roused  himself,  and  said  with  a  smile,  Who^ 
ever  is  like  his  father  is  not  an  unreasonabU 
imitator.  Hareth  ibn  Hammam  said :  I  am 
told  that  when  the  tribe  of  Sasan  heard  thi^ 
excellent  charge,  they  regarded  it  as  superior 
to  those  of  Lokman,  ana  learnt  it  by  he&ri 
like  the  first  chapter  of  tha  Koran  $  md  U 


d/L 


(173) 


this  dij  eoQiider  it  the  hesi  lesson  for  their 
cbfldren,  aod  more  yaluable  to  them  than  a 
gift  of  pare  gold. 

i^L  Mtih,  part  Expanding,  he  who 

expudi  (the  euth),  God. 
%ioL  tati^,  part.  Exalted,  raised,    Dif- 

foaed,  eprad.  Shining,  blight,  dear,  evident. 

jy!\  vtLy  Laminous,  resplendent. 

jJtL  idt^Tf  A  large  batcher's  knife. 

isL  id^at  (pi.  of  CL^ULs),  An  hour, 
a  watoh,  a  clock.  AcUJl,  The  hoar 
of  leBiirrectioa.  ieX^,  In  a  little 
time.    is\^  jju  ffrp  \jj^  j*^  cP^ 

kti  Ukdir  an  tarja^  ha^  ta^h^  Can  you 

return  after  an  hoar?  ^JicLo  sA^^jlar.! 
JULl!  a%tayt  ad^o^l  Us»&^dt%i  I  gave 
my  watch  to  the  watchmaker.  ^LJ! 
oUL  «j>j1  vr-*'^  (usd^h  dahkat 
^hi,  td^dt,  The  clock  has  struck  fbur. 
C!W1  i£\J\  ^  \>' jd-a  fl  as8d^t 

«fidAiwA,Hecameatthreeo'clock,   cLj 

oUL  hayydc,  uLcdt,  One  who  sells 
watAo. 

*x^Li  td^idf  The  arm  from  the  wrist  to 
tbedbow. 

^L  icT^l,  part  Endeavouring,  labotti^ 

'iag,  stodioQfl,  indigent      Diligent,  laborious. 
A  meaienger,  a  courier.        A   calumniator. 

J-fciJU  ,<*Li,  A  labourer  in  iniquity, 

»  malignant  deiamer. 

,^w  idJU,   The  inferior  part.     Mean. 
Low,  rile. 

J'-  9dk,  The  leg.    The  trunk  of  a  tree, 
tb  ftilk  of  a  herb.  [ing  sickness. 

i«'^idiiV,FaUing.  LJL,^,  The  fall- 
o«4  idlfl',  A  water-carrier,  a  cup-bearer. 
<yLi  tdUfgi^  A  rirer,  a  canal,  a  trench. 
V^*^   idkib,    part.    Flowing '  (blood, 

^■^-^  fdHt,  Silent,  quiet. 

^jv  w  t&km,  One  who  dwells,  lives,  in- 
"•4Bl^dweffing,liri.ng,inhabiting.  Quiet,peace* 

able, ledate, firm, fixed.  i/yUJl^l 


^L 


*  JaO  uJ^ j^fc)  ^l-»  Jili ,  Consider 

what  thou  beholdest,  0  man,  and  be  on  thy 
guard  before  thou  departest;  and  prepare 
prorisionB  from  thy  good  actions  that  thou 
mayest  enjoy  them ;  for  every  dweller  in  a 
house  should  leave  it  and  depart. 

u^L)  idlih,  part.    Seizing,  ravishing, 
carrying  off  by  violence,  plundering. 

(^Li  sdlif(fem.  lULi),  A  predecessor. 
^  jtll  h^Ls,  Above-mentioned. 

Ci3Li  sdlik,   One  who  treads  a  path, 
follows  a  road  or  example. 

«d/im,   Safe,  free,  entire,  perfect. 

■a 

ijL^^jjLA\   JU^   4.^^    f~J  ^^J^J 

USL)  vlJUl  ^^1,  And  but  a. short 

time  had  elapsed  when  the  sea  was  agitated 
and  disturbed,  and  the  uncle  of  the  little  one 
came  forth  from  it,  having  with  him  the  king's 
Bon  safe. 

f\mi  Sdm,  The  son  of  Noah.   Poisonous ; 
the  poisonous  wind  of  the  desert. 

^L>  8dmih,  Liberal,  affable,  gentle. 

j^^Ls  idmir,  part.  One  who  converses  at 

night,  especially  by  moonlight ;  the  place  where 
such  conversations  are  held;  also  the  people 
assembled. 

iF^Li  Sdmra,  Samaria.    lSj^^  Sdmri, 

Samaritan.  Nablous,  or  Neapolis  (new  town), 
the  Shechem  of  the  Old  Testament,  and  the 
Sjchar  of  the  New,  one  of  the  oldest  cities  of 
Palestine,  and  once  the  capital  of  Samarin,  has 
still  a  few  Samaritans  who  worship  God  upon 
this  mountain  and  retain  the  £uth  of  their 
fathers.  They  are  strict  in  their  attention  to 
such  parts  of  the  Law  as  they  acknowledge, 
and  expect  a  Messiah.  They  suppose  that 
there  are  many  Samaritans  in  England  and 
other  parts  of  Europe.  The  ancient  Samaria, 
the  imperial  city  of  the  ten  tribes,  stands  on 
the  eastern  slope  of  a  fine  large  insulated  hill, 
and  in  the  centre  of  a  highly-cultivated  valle;^. 
The  present  village,  prunounoed  Sabouste,  is 
small,  and  its  inhabitants  poor. 

«^L}  8dmi^  (fem.  ^U^L)),  part.  Hear- 
ing.   An  auditor.    A  hearer. 

4Ux^L)  sdmi^iyah,  The  hearing  faculty, 
the  hearing  power,  hearing.  [alted. 

^^L)  9dml  (fem.  ^Us),  Sublime,  ex- 


(176) 


^L  sdhir  (fern.  ^L>),  Vigilant 
_JfcLa  sdhi,  Negligent,  careless. 

4jLi  9&'%bat,  Set  at  liberty,  as  a  slave  ; 
or  as  a  she-camel  in  obedience  to  a  tow,  or  in 
consequence  of  having  been  delivered  of  ten 
female  colts,  when  she  immediately  receives  a 
dispensation  from  all  further  labour. 

JU  sdyVf  The  whole.  Walking,  going, 
travelling,  wandering.  yidJSf  ^f.j^  ^^ 

* ji^  i^j^  ^  c£^\  js>rj:  ^J^\ 


^Ijj    ^LJiUSl    ^^Liar,   And   when 

they  drew  near  to  the  royal  palace,  the  kipe 
dismounted  to  wait  upon  nis  son ;  and  he  and 
all  the  princes  and  the  lords  of  the  empire 
were  his  cresset-bearers  (bearing  on  their 
shoulders,  each  in  his  tnni,  an  embroidered 
saddle-cover  called  gashiyah). 

^^L)  tdis,  A  master  of  horse,  an  eqnerry, 
a  groom. 

^\S»dyk,  part.  Stimulating,  instigating, 
impelling,  driving,  forcing,  compelling. 

JjL)  sdd,  part.  Asking,  interrogating. 
A  beggar.    Flowing,  fluid.    ^\  JjLa 

c-wiT*)!  He  who  asks  of  God  will  not 

•  ••    " 

be  disappointed. 
4IJL.I  9ubdi,  Sleep,  lethargy. 

-.lLi  sabhdh,  (pi.  tuhhdh),  A  swimmer. 

^Lmi  sabdhat,  Swimming,  natation. 

LLmi  mbdi,  A  Syro-Macedonian  month 
(February). 

c[^  aibd^,  Wild  beasts,  beasts  of  prey. 

IjLmi  $abdf/d,  Captives,  slaves. 

CXLm)  Bohdyih^  Ingots  (of  gold  and 

silver). 

k,,  >i<i..i  sabah^  Cause,  reason,  motive,  ar- 
gument, mean,  medium,  instrument. 

\:^lfi  \j:j\  ^  u^^-wJl  «^=^,  As  I 

should  be  the  cause  of  your  separation,  like  as 
I  was  the  cause  of  your  separation  from  us. 

u:,-w»rf  »ahtf  The  Sabbath.     Saturday. 
,^  9ahh,  Swimming. 

^l^UiMi^Adn,  Praising, glorifying  (God). 


4^\  ^l^U}  subhdnaUa,  May   God  be 

praised!     ^\ju^  Sj\:^\»^ ^J^V  al  hak 

aubhanahu  wa  ia^ala\  God  the  Very  Truth, 
to  whom  be  praise,  and  whose  name  be  ex* 

alted !  ijyA\  xdJb  jJU-  (J^^  J^ 

^  jj  ^^ ,  And  then  he  said,  Praised 

be  the  Creator  of  this  gurprisinff  form  !  He  is 
the  Creator  of  everything,  and  neis  almighty. 

c:^tjiLiMi  suhtawdt  (s. p.  used  in  Arabic), 
Any  green  vegetable  for  the  table. 

]a0^  8tbt,  A  tribe  (of  Israelites). 
wmi  sah^  (fem.).  Seven.     Sub^,  The 
seventh  part.  ^^  iob^,  A  lion.  Uj^J 

J^l  ^-'W'^'  -^^  while  he  wa< 
journeying  on  through  tbe  deserts  and  wastes 
there  came  forth  upon  him  a  lion,  whose  nee) 
was  closely  covered  with  hair ;  and  his  heac 
was  as  large  as  a  cupola,  and  his  mouth  widei 
than  a  door,  and  his  teeth  were  like  the  tosh 
of  the  elephant. 

Am^  ioh^i  (masc.).  Seven. 

Z>Ut  ■■■■■»  tah^mdffot,  Seven  hundred. 

^y^  iub^nna    (obi.   ^^t^   MohcJn)^ 
Seventy. 

iobk,   Preceding,    excelling,   out 
stripping,   surpassing,    overcoming.      Goin| 

before.    ^}f^\^,  The  above-mentioned 
LC«rf  sahk,  Melting,  casting,  pouring 


jj^  ^..A^  aabk  wa  rabt,  The  orde 

and  construction  of  phrases. 

^jX".Cmt  Sahuktagln,  The  name   of  ] 

brave  general  (and  the  father  of  Sultan  Mah 
mud,  rounder  of  the  dynasty  of  the  Gamer idj 
who  flourished  in  the  beginning  of  the  elerent] 
century). 

jj^  iulndf  Ways.     Institutions. 

_«M)  %aby  or  9aha\  Making  a   slave 
''taking  prisoner. 

Kji...i  iahikat,  A  mass,  ingot,   bar,    ol 
lamina  of  gold  or  silver. 


J^ 


(177) 


J;^  M^(  A  waj,  road,  paih.  A  mode, 
a  mmner.    A  Imildiiig  where  caps  of  water 

are  kept  readyfor  thirsty  passera-by.  IjI 
J^mJI  ib  naissabll,  Trarellers,  passers- 
by.  J1IJ--W  J,  Inthewayof  Gk)d. 
1^1  J_J1  ^  Ji^  ^^\j  ^^^ 

SoQ  ii  mj  (home)  natiye  coimtry ;  but  how 
cm  I  resort  Uuther,  seeing  that  the  enemy  have 
Ktded  in  it,  tad  oommittod  rarages  upon  it. 


n^  (or  6:^\  Six.     2r  JL& 
Sixteen.  ^ 

jLi  M^f  (An  attribate  of  God),  cover- 
ug;  as  cj|^f  jlLi,    Hiding  sins 

(«*»{?  i  Tefl  of  mercy  OTer  them). 
4-irf  Jitttf^,  Six.  ^^M^  is*j,  Sixteen. 

j^  Miff  Coyering,  veiling,  suppressing. 

ij^  iuirai,  Anything  which  covers  or 
^  defeadi,  u  a  reil,  a  shield,  a  wall,  etc. 

•^U^  HHamdyat,  Six  hundred,    ^y^ 
wtttbw  (obL  ^^;-s^),  Sixty. 

^  JtVft,  My  lady !  madam !    A  lady, 

'anutttm. 

^"^^  tf^'adahf  A  carpet  or  mat  on  which 

the  Habometsiis  prostrate  themselyes  when  at 
pnyer. 

\j^  Mffdji,  The  keeper  of  a  prison. 

^^  $»idat  or  safdah  (pi.  t:j\jLc-»), 

An  Kt  of  adoration,  an  inclination  or  prostra- 
uoo,  with  ibt  forehead  touching  the  ground. 

r"  ^  (pi.  jUr»*.  for  js:^  ihqfar),  A 

^'  Trees  in  general,  and  pine-trees  espe- 
cuUjf  hsTe  a  beneficial  effect  on  the  air  and 
bimase  of  a  oountiT.  £xi>erience  has  always 
shown  that  nunj  places  which  were  unhealthy 
^Md  to  be  so  as  soon  as  fir-trees  were 
^^^  The  inhabitants  of  Mount  Lebanon, 
^  n«  not  systematical  philosophers,  have 
B^  the  inne  obeerration  respectmg  seyeral 
warwtB  tnd  localities :  they  nave  even  ob- 
"^  that  lince  the  heights  have  been  covered 
J^pines,  tile  waters  of  several  springs  have 
^*>oaK  more  abundant  and  more  nlubrious. 


*^«ff«,  Being  corrapted,  changed, 
^«W  (water).    A  crowd,  tumult,  mob. 

t^  ^\f  Rhyming  of  the  ends  of 
■"■^  of  a  proee  phrase. 

J^  *9^f  A  register,  the  record  of  a 
oovt  of  in£cstare,  the  decree  of  a  judge,  the 


minute  or  attestation  of  a  notary.    Tables  of 
laws,  public  acts. 


sajn,  Imprisoning.     A  prison. 
Jj^  si^'ud,  Adoration.    To  adore,  to 
prostrate.    (JDSsr*  Lf^t  CLjJaj  UJi 

juJ\jy;«Ji  ^^ifei'^jji  y  i^  uJ 

^Jk5j-  a\  ,c***3l ,  At  the  sight  of  her  I 


prostrated  myself  in  adoration  of  her  Creator 
for  the  fairness  and  beauty  which  He  had  dis- 
played in  her  person,  and  she,  looking  towards 
me,  said,  Who  art  thou  P  a  man  or  a  Jennee  P 

^^jsr*  iujun,  Prisons,  dungeons. 

^Ljsr*  it^'iyai,  Disposition,  temper,  nature, 
habit,  manner,  constitution. 

c-jW-»  iahdh,  A  cloud.     c-jUt'I^II 

c^Klt  -.LJ  ,  The  harking  of  dogs  does 
not  injure  the  clouds. 

jlsr>  sahhdr,  An  enchanter,  a  magician, 

a  necromancer,  a  fascinator.  ij\^ 
sahharat,  A  female  enchanter,  a  witch. 

c--^ls»^  sah&yh  (pL  of  Llar^),  Clouds. 
sahar,  The  crepusde,  twilight,  dawn. 

JuJ\  ^  v-f  JJ'  J^'  J^  u%,  The 

M 

king  then  arose  from  bed  at  the  first  dawn  of 
day,  took  off  his  clothes,  unsheathed  his  sword, 
and  went  to  the  place  where  the  negro  was  lying. 

sihr  or  sahr,  Magic,  enchantment, 
fascination,  witchcraft,  sorcery,  necromancy. 

\t^\:^\ ,  In  his  look  was  such  a  fascina- 
tion that  had  Harut  seen  hb  performance,  he 
might  have  looked  upon  him  as  the  master  of 


fascination.    * , .  iLJJ  \ 


t^ 


I 


g.gT'^^M  J-J  ''  ^y^  t  And  persuade 


by  the  glozing  of  the  tongue,  and  deceive  by  the 
magic  of  eloquence ;  examine  the  state  of  a 
market  before  taking  thy  wares  to  it,  and  coax 

12 


1 


1ju> 


(178) 


\ 


a  ibe-oamel'i  teat  before  attempting  to  milk 
it;  inquire  about  a  meadow  before  seeking 
pasture  in  it,  and  smooth  a  place  for  thy  side 
before  lying  down. 

aaharai,  MagioianB.  <Uji«flH  2rjJb  ^\ 

IjI^j  5^j  iJU-^  Cj\  Uj;\  dXL* 
IJ^jLj  I^Ul^  ^\yc\^  L\jbj\^,  ThiB 

damsel  is  the  daughter  of  one  of  the  great 
kings,  and  her  father  possesses  men,  Jan,  en- 
chanters, diviners,  tribes,  guards,  regions,  and 
cities. 

Mhk,  Breaking,  tearing,  rubbing, 


bruising,  pulverizing.  To  pound,  bruise,  grind, 
triturate. 


eahanat,  External  form. 

j^sr^  MhUr,  The  meal  or  flour  of  which 

the  Mahometans  eat  a  littie  before  dawn  during 
the  month  of  JRamadan^  to  enable  them  to  ftst 
till  night. 

Ur^  9dkhd  (and  ij^Js^),  Being  liberal, 
munificent.    libendity,  generosity. 

JLilsr*  iokhdfatt  Softness,  weakness. 
i^Jsr^  Bahhawatf  Liberality. 
^Ls-sr*  iakhtiydn,  Morocco  leather. 

ijsr'mkhrat  or  iukhrah,  Any  ship,  cattle, 

etc.,  pressed  into  the  king's  service  without 
freight  or  hire.  Whatever  is  done  gratis, 
either  from  courtesy  or  compulsion. 

)2kr'  sakhat,  Indignation,  disdain.  The 
wrath  of  Ood. 

V— fl.^  »akh/,  .Being  weak  in  intellect. 
Being  soft.  Imbecility  of  intellect,  deficiency 
of  judgment. 

^^^i^  iukhn,  Warm. 

ijysr^  iakhUfu^y  Being  warm.  Being  hot 

or  infiamed  with  fever. 

aakhff,  Liberal,  generous. 

sakhlf,  Weak  in  understanding. 
.    A  foolish  man.    Thin,  of  a  thin  texture. 

Jui  tadd,  Ad  obstruction,  anything  block- 
ing up,  barring,  or  preventing  a  passaee,  as  a 
mountain,  barrier,  rortiflcation,  mouna,  bank, 
wall,  rampart,  ditch,  impediment.  To  stop  up 
(a  hole),  to  block  up  (the  way),  to  shut  (a  gatej, 
to  arrest,  impede,  obstruct,  etc.  To  shut,  lock, 
or  bolt  a  door.    Sudd,  A  mountain,  a  bar,  etc. 

^i^t  Jui  9addh,  The  herb  rue. 
i\j^  ioddi  (or  \xa),  The  woof. 


J^  Jb«»  $addd,  Eectitude,  the  way  of  tnitk 
or  salvation.  Prosperity,  happiness.  FirmneA 

if  Ju*  9uddat,  A  court,  a  yestibule,  a  gate, 
a  threshold. 

t}Xa    tadad,    Well-directed    (action  <■ 

(speech),  accomplishing  any  object  hspptlfJ 
A  good,  successfiil,  or  well-direoted  plan. 

jj^  iidr  (or  ijJ^,  pL  iZj\jX^),  A  bts- 

tree,     t^f^^  ^;«^i  A  tree  ia  Pan* 

dise.     The  heavenly  mansion  of  the  sogd 
GabrieL 

(jmJu«i  iwh,  The  sixth  part. 

A^Jus  Sadarn,  Sodom. 

(^Jurf  sada\  The  woof  of  cloth. 

Jj  Jui  iadidf  Bight,  well-directed,  sala- 

tary. 
^  ttVr,  A  secret,  a  mystery,  a  sacrament 

^^1^  L^U\j  iLs^U^  u:^U  jli  A 


No  one  keeps  a  secret  but  a  faithful  person 
with  the  bttt  of  mankind  it  remaineth  con^ 
oealed.  A  secret  is  with  me  as  a  boose  wit) 
a  lock  whose  key  is  lost,  and  whose  door  i 
sealed. 

1^  itrran,  Secretly,  mysteriously,  dan 

destinely.  ijlc^L^j  (or  ]j^}\;^] 
Privately  and  pubUcIy. 

u^Lmi  Btrdh  or  tardh,  A  vapour  resen 

blin^  the  sea  at  a  distance,  formed  by  the  n 
flection  of  the  sun*s  meridian  rays  upon  ti 
sorfiBUM  of  sandy  plains.  The  mirage  is  tl 
well-known  illusion  in  the  Arabian  desei 
arising  from  unequal  rarefiiction  and  refracti( 
of  air,  which  produces  in  the  open  count 
before  and  behmd  the  traveller  the  appearan 
of  a  lake  of  water,  when  there  is  really  nothii 
there  but  dry  and  hot  soil.     This  word 

evidentiy  the  same  as  the  Hebrew  1* 
which  occurs  twice  in  the  prophecy  of  Isaii 

cL^UJl,  As  though  it  (the  worl 

were  the  mirage  of  the  plain,  which  the  thii 
imagine  to  be  water :  the  Devil  adometli 
for  man  until  death. 

^\^  tardj,  A  lamp,  lantfaom,  lamina: 
candle.    ^1^  sarrdj)  A  saddler. 


(179) 


JLr* 


;^t^  MTdltary  A  master  of  the  hone, 

cqoaij,  giooBy  hooe-bieaker. 
Jjt^  Mrd<A%,  The  cartain  before  the 

^  of  a  house  or  teat  Dust  whirled  np  into 
^  Br,  and  enrelopiiig  anything. 

i^j\j^nrdri,  Concahiaw.  CCli^lJI^^ 

uAjJI  ,  Bat  had  not  thy  heart  loved 

me,  ud  hadat  tiiou  not  preferred  me  ahoye  all 
tbr  eoseabinea,  I  ahonfd  not  hare  remained 
vuh  tfaae  one  honr,  for  I  ahonld  hare  cast 
mvieif  into  the  aea  from  thia  window  ! 

jt^  mrdJty  Thieves.    Sarrak,  Thief. 

w^*xJ1^  Sarffndih,   Ceylon.       Ifaroo 

Polo  obserrea  that  the  island  of  Ceylon  pro- 
dnees  more  beantifiil  and  ralnable  mbiea  than 
an  fcnmd  in  any  other  part  of  the  world ;  and 
hiewises^hirea,  topaxea,  amethyata,  gameta, 
^  many  other  predoua  and  coatly  atonea. 
fiis  kamed  trandator,  Mr.  Marsden,  adds : 
**  Hr.  Cordiner  ennmeratea,  aa  the  production 
of  CerloD,  the  ruby,  emerald,  topaz,  amethyat, 
Bpptare^  eat* a-eye  or  opal,  cinnamon-atone  or 
g>niet,  agate,  aardonyx,  and  some  othera." 
Ancient  anthora  alao  give  aimilar  accounta  of 
the  natoral  riches  of  this  island,  called  by 
tlttin"Taprobane." 

^SJ^  9ardy^  A  palace,   grand  edifice, 
^  king's  eonrt,  aeraglio.  [commnnication. 

^Ir*  *^^y^t  Contagion,  a  contagions 

jU  Mrdyr,  Secrets. 

^-i-^y-i  iorhiui,  Free,  at  liberty. 

^r*  *^  (pL  -rX/^  ««'^')»  ^  saddle. 

^/-  tark.  Allowing  to  roam,  setting  free. 

i^\j^  tirddh,  A  grotto,  a  passage  nnder- 
gnwnd.  ^j^^jS^^\  ^i^ ^^\Ai 
<^  C^  ^  fj^\  JU,  ^xj 

^  vhcB  ha  hcaid  my  words,  he  laid  hold  of 
Bj  httd,  and  aaad.  Come  with  me.  I  went 
*ttk  bnn,  and  he  deacended  with  me  into  a 
SnttabeneaOi  the  earth. 

J  ^j^  ividr,  A  general,  field-marshal, 

■  <«ttr  of  rmk,  a  loBg'B  lieoleiuuit,  chief  in 

•ay  dcpartaiail, 

^'^j-  iintar.  The  keeper  of  a  secret. 


^Usyij  sartdn,  A  crab.     The  zodiacal 

sijgn  Cancer.  A  aore,  a  cancer  or  canker.  A 
dueaae  incident  to  the  feet  of  cattle. 

^j^  9ur^t,  Haste,  expedition,  fe^ 
bitur^in,  Quickly. 

sar^kar,  A  general,  commander. 

ioraf,  Exceeding  bounds,  being 
prodigal. 

,J^  sarak,  To  steal.     dJj^,  Stealing, 

theft.     <iLJ^,  By  stealth. 
j^-Jl^  sirkdtahl,  A  secretary. 

A^j^  9urm,  The  intestine  which  commu- 
nioatea  with  the  anus. 

Jy^j»a  Bormad,  Eternal,  perpetual,  ever- 
lasting. \x^j^  iormadan,  Eternally, 
for  ever.     ^^S^9^  sarmadi,  Eternal. 

^Jt!^J^  Sdrmln,  Aconsiderable  village,  tea 

houra  and  a  half  from  Aleppo,  on  the  road  to 
Hamah  and  Damascus. 

5^j^  aarwat,  The  cypress-tree. 
^^^  auruj  (pi.  of  '^j^),  Saddles. 

^j^ywA  SerUj,  A  town  in  Mesopotamia, 

which  was  much  exposed  to  the  ravages  of  the 
Greeks,  who  bein^  at  that  time  masters  of 
Conatantinople,  ana  in  posaeasion  of  Asia  Minor, 
used  to  make  incursions  upon  the  Moalemin. 

jjj^  ntrUr,  Joy,  cheerfulness,  delight, 

3  Ju^, 


pleasure,  contentment. 


I  haye  repented  on  account  of  our  disunion 
with  a  repentance  that  has  made  tears  to 
flow  from  my  eyee ;  and  I  tow  that  if  for- 
tune should  reunite  us,  I  wiU  neyer  again 
mention  a  new  separation.  And  I  would  say 
to  the  enyiers,  Die  ye  with  regret :  by  heaven, 
I  hare  now  attained  the  object  of  my  desire 
and  wish !  Joy  has  oyerwhelmed  me  to  such 
a  degree  that  oy  its  exoeaa  it  baa  made  me 


•A** 


(180) 


yu- 


weep.  0  eye,  how  has  weeping  become  thj 
habit?  Thoa  weepest  in  joy  as  well  aa  in 
Borrow! 

i^j^  sirrl,  SaorecL   Mysterioas,  kept  in 
secret.  [or  Syriae. 

^Ij^  Surydn,  Syrians.   ij\ij>^ »  Syrian 
hj^  surriyat,  A  concubine.  u.XUf  ^^^  fi 


i5U. 


Ijltj  jW  ^U 


\ 


^JUj  Jl^  <LjUi^  <U^  ^t«^  ^li<^l>4i>< 

Aitf^^j  <djJ^l^l  ^  yb,   Then  the 

king  brought  ont  a  hundred  conisers,  and  a 
hundred  dromedaries,  and  a  hundred  mamluks, 
and  a  hundred  concubine  slaTcs,  and  a  hundred 
male  black  slayes,  and  a  hundred  female  slayes, 
and  he  caused  them  to  ^o  before  him  as  a 
present ;  and  he  rode  with  the  lords  of  his 
empire  and  his  ojficen. 

J^  tarir,  A  throne,  an  ornamental  80& 
or  couch.     Cm^\  a!A  j-ij»a  ^  /*li  aJ 


liu^  <^^^^  ij^  aCmAjI,    Come   up 

quickly  into  the  ship,  hasten  to  embark,  and 
leave  your  effects,  and  flee  with  your  livesy  and 
save  yourselves  from  destruction  quickly. 


Wi\  ^j^\j  'UJl  J^,  Then  he 

rose  from  the  throne  of  the  kingdom,  and  went 
in  to  his  mother,  having  upon  his  head  the 
crown,  and  resembling  the  moon ;  and  when  his 
mother  saw  him,  she  rose  to  meet  him  and  kissed 
him,  and  con^tulated  him  oi^  his  elevation 
to  the  high  dignity  of  sultan ;  and  she  offered 
up  a  prayer  in  favour  of  him  and  his  father 
for  the  prolonging  of  their  lives,  and  for  victory 
over  their  enemies. 

iflj^  9arirat,    A   secret,    a  mystery. 


iJSjjlj^a,   And  thou  challengest  by 

tiiy  rebellion  Him  who  grasps  thy  forelock ; 
and  thou  offendest  by  thy  vicious  conduct  Him 
who  knows  thy  most  secret  thought 

ju^  tari^,  Quick,  nimble,  ready,  swift, 
making  haste.  ^[^,  Swiftly,  with 
the  greatest  expedition.   L«l^tj  t y^f 


^^^  sath,  A  flat  rool^  a  platform.     A 

surfEue,  superficies,   i^f^^*^  ^^  m^ 

miMtoc^Z,  A  plane  surface.  jJJcju*^^^ 
$ath  muMitdir^  A  globular  surface. 

Ja^  iatr,  A  line  of  writing,  a  line  drawn 
on  which  to  write  straight. 

L^ijau^  nUitrldb,  An  astrolabe  (Greek). 

Jla^a  sail,  A  brass  kettle.  A  Teasel  with 

one  handle,  used  in  baths,  to  pour  water  on  the 
bathers.    A  large  bucket. 

^Ismi  9aiw,  Making  an  attack,  assaulting, 

overpowering,  ijb^,  Dominion,  ma- 
jesty,   power,    authority,   awfiilness. 

^^tu^  ^f  Thou  knowest  that  my 

fiEither  is  a  great  kinff ,  and  that  all  the  kin^ 
of  the  Jan  are  terxiled  at  him  and  feel  hu 
awAil  power! 

jjb^  iutur,  Lines.     Beeja^, 

ij\ju»  ia^dat,  Felicity,  happiness,  beati- 
tude, good  fortune,  prosperity.  A^«>U^ 

ta^idatkumy  Tour  Excellency. 
£)1jua  st^ffat,  Calumny,  accusatioa. 
Sjui  it^,  Amplitude,  capacity. 

dj^  sa^,  Felicity,  happiness,  prosperity, 

A  fortunate  awpect  of  the  stars,  espedaUy  tei 
stars,  of  which  rour  make  the  twelfth,  thirteenth 
fourteenth,  and  fifteenth  mansions  of  the  moon 

U-^j^^  ^U;  ^^^Ul  ^3li  U^U 

we  set  sail  by  the  permission  of  Qod,  who» 
name  be  exalted!  Fortune  served  na,  Bik.\ 
destiny  aided  us,  and  we  ceased  not  to  ptoae 
cute  our  voyage  until  we  arrived  in  aafety. 

jtui  ti^r,  A  price,  rate,  course.      Th 
current  price  of  any  commodity  in  the  markei 

ZJjcm*  M^aliU,  A  oongh. 

J^juj  su^nd,    FeHcity,    good    fortune 
Happy,  &Toiirable^  propitioiu. 


(181) 


JjLi 


]efa  W^i^  Smiif. 

^  m-^fff  An  endesTonTy  purpose,  in- 

ta&m,  mkgpmf  dengn,  effozl    IHUgenoe, 

ate,  UxNir. 

Okju  M^ii,  Fortanate,  happy.     JuJuJl 

ijJti\i£^^,  He  18  happy  who  is 
to^  bjAe  example  of  aaothsr.  |ldoL 

j^  M^ir,  A  flaming  fire.    An  Arabian 

Jl*  i^k,  A  shedder  of  blood,  a  tyrant. 

Ok  fk«  vocdB  are  poirerfiiL   The  anrnaaie 
of  tkeilnt  khalif  of  tiie  home  of  Abbaa. 

ij*A^  v^aret^  An   embassy,   legation, 
BHBoa.  AmbaBadonbip. 

lAL  m^  Bloodthirsty,  sangninary. 

1  ikddcr  of  Uood.  [dition. 

4JlLt  t^Mf  Lowness  of  rank  and  eon- 
^Urf«/&ils^,  Stupidity,  folly,  insolence. 

laapidify.    Za12«i,  Foolishly,  sancily, 

petBlsBtlj. 
j^UrfM^y»(pL  of4  VjBmi),  Ships, boats. 

^  M^sA,  A  bill  or  letter  of  ex- 

ciange,  bai^s  note. 

^  w^  The  foot  of  a  mountain. 

/^  w/or,  A  journey,  voyagei  travelling, 
s^tbg  out  on  a  warlike  expedition. 

V>^1^f  Travel;    then  wilt  find  a 

^oaA.  in  flie  plaoe  of  him  thoa  leaTeat :  and 
^^ tiiyidi;  for hj labour  are  the  sweeta 
of  Bfe  obtained.  fTo  a  man  of  intelligence 
aid  edaatini)  there  is  no  glory  in  a  constant 
''■^att;  therefore  qnh  thy  natiye  place  and 

/*  ^ht  A  written  book,  a  Tolnme. 

>- J0r  (pL  of  iju^),  Tables. 

/^  <>/ara  (pL  of  ^^^),  Ambassadon. 

l*^*^^  A  table  (especially  a  eircalar 
"^  tf  IcaUier,  whidi  trarellen  ipread  npon 
^Snaad;  when  on  the  road,  it  ia  contracted 
^ttM roimd  the  edgea  into  the  form  of  a 
*iu^£v  eurying  proTinona,  etc.)-  A  table, 
^M,  a  towd.  Anything  on  or  in  which 
^1^4  tte  placed.  ^a/r0A,AToyage,jonniey. 

^  ^  ^r^  U-Xii  1^  jj  uii 


Ji-»  ^  ii^\j  Uj,  And  when  they 

came  to  ns,  tiiey  aaloted  me,  andconaratulated 
me  on  my  ufety,  and  took  me  with  them ;  and 
I  acquainted  them  with  my  story,  and  what  I 
had  Boffered  on  the  voyage. 

XIp-Jmi  sa/arfalatf  A  quince. 

AVi.>>g..i  MfiaUU,  Anything  bad,  or  trifling. 
An  argument  (especially  sophistical]. 

ijJiLi  iafk.  Effusion,  as  ^cli\  CjU^,  The 
effusion  of  blood. 

^Xi^  iufll,  Mean,  inferior,  low. 

J^  tufun  (pi.  of  iiJu)f  Ships. 

tafanfatf  A  sponge. 

iufyf,  (A  medicine)  taken  simply 

(not  mixed),  or  dry  (in  opposition  to  an  elec- 
tuary).   Powder,  aost. 

^^  safahf  Folly,  stupidity,  imprudencei 
rashness,  caprice,  inconstancy.  ^  JUi 

IsuJ^^^  i^Si\  Xii ,  And  he  said :  I 

entreat  tiiee  br  God  that  then  be  not  sn^jry 
with  me ;  for  ntififae  and  trouble,  and  paucity 
of  what  the  hand  possesses,  teach  a  man  ill 
manners  and  impertinence. 

\^L»  sufahd  (pL  of  ^UA^)»  Impertinent 

MafiTf  An  ambassador,  internuncio, 
mediator,  arbiter. 

iofinat,  A  ship,  vessel,  bark,  boat 
I,  The  ark  of  Noah. 


iUAnj  iofih  (fem.  I^Jl^,  pl-  ^^W***)* 
Imprudent.  Impertinent,  impudent,  insolent, 
petulant,  saucy,  licentious,  extrayagant. 

ILi  sakkd,  A  carrier  or  yendor  of  water. 
A  cup-bearer. 

LIL»  ioikdt,  The  bolt  or  bar  of  a  door. 

a\L^  iokdmf  (or  ^\aJ),  Sickness,  in« 
'  firmity. 

jLa  iaJkar,  Hell,    j^j^t  HeU-fire. 

$akif  Abortive.   Sakat,  Anything  of 
a  base  or  useless  nature ;  merchandise  of  a 

C'  hable  ouality,  either  spoilt  or  spoiling, 
e,  mutilated. 


Mif  (pl.  i^yL»)f  A  roof. 

i\AjLi  Saklahdhf  The  Sdavonians,  sup- 
posed by  the  Arabians  to  be  descended  from 
Beclab,  a  son  of  Japhet.  Under  this  name, 
howcTer,  the  Mahometans  often  comprehend 


*L, 


(182) 


flie  Seniaoa,  Bokarimfl,  Moenaaa,  Thzuiaai, 
AnMuuans,  M  aeeaonumi,  and  the  inhabitaiitB 
of  the  norUiem  p«rti  of  Gneoe. 

JLi  mkum.  Sickness,  infimiity.   c,.^c^ 

J^  ^j^^^J^y  The  lover,  when  his 

belored  M^epumted  fivm  him,  is  absorbed  in 
lonrow  and  afflictioii :  withn  and  wiAoiit  him 
a  diaeaae  is  bimiiif :  his  beciimiiig  is  reraem- 
branoe,  and  his  end  is  fhon^itfma  reflection. 

jf^feAni  9akangh(tr  (t.  t.  nsed  in  Azabio), 
A  square  or  half  square  piece  of  moslin,  used 
as  an  enrelope  for  letters  md  offidal  papen. 
Square  mnahn. 

i^^  9ukia^  A  &11,  a  slip,  a  tamhle. 
^Jl^  taJlam,  Sick,  infirm. 
^^ULs  takdkin  (pi.  of  ^^^S^),  Knives. 
^\L^  8uHdn,  Ix^bitants.    ^L>  yb  ^ 

CS\:Jb  tnan  ha  «dibn  hun&k.  Who  lives 
IhmP 

^S^  $akb^  Fonring  out  (water),  flowing. 

Jjj^t  ILa  iiiktU  al  ^UuM,  A  railway. 

Syria  and  Mesopotamia,  which,  ivitii  tiie  ex- 
ception of  Alexandretta  in  the  sommer,  have 
the  purest  air  in  the  world,  are  happily  sitn- 
ated,  between  two  extremities — the  cold  of 
England  and  the  heat  of  India ;  and  possess  all 
the  eomforts,  all  the  attraotions,  and  all  the 
enjoyments  of  a  happy  and  hi^dy  ciTilized 
life.  The  settlers,  with  the  meat,  game,  and 
the  ^lendid  findts  of  Aleppo  and  Snedia,  will 
drink  the  eomanderia  wine  of  Cypms,  and  the 
yino  d'oro  of  Monnt  Lebanon;  with  the 
beantiM  fish  of  Alexandretta,  they  will  enjoy 
those  of  the  Euphrates  and  of  tne  Orontos. 
With  the  tobacco  of  Jibail  and  Latakia,  they 
will  smoke  the  splendid  tombac  of  Shiiaz  in 
Persia.  With  the  magnifioeat  orangiBS,  peaohea, 
apricots,  and  bananas  of  Jaffa,  Tripoli,  and 
Ba^da,  they  will  enjoy  the  grapes  and  other 
frnite  of  Snedia,  which  are  proTcroial  for  thdr 
smell,  taste,  and  beanty.  When  the  railway 
is  completed,  game  will  be  eonyeyed  from  one 
extremity  of  the  world  to  the  other.  Bendes,  the 
settlers  will  enjoy  themineralwater8,theseaand 
Turkish  bathing,  hunting,  shootine,  fowling, 
angling,  driving,  riding  on  horseback,  racing  by 
land  and  water,  and  excursions  and  pic«nics  in 
every  direction  on  the  banks  of  the  Onmtes,  the 
Eupfirates,  Aleppo,  Alexandretta,  Beylan, 
Antiocb,  Suedia,  Arsus,  the  Grove  of  Daphne, 
and  BO  many  other  places  which  are  too  nume* 
rous  to  be  mentioned  here;  but  so  beantiftd 
as  to  charm  and  delight  the  visitor,  and  make 
him  wish  to  be  the  inhabitant  of  either  of 
them.— Extract  from  *'The  Syro-Hesopo- 
tamian  Bailway." 


S^  Mtat,  A  die  for  coins.    See  itHt. 

J^  iakoTf  Shutting  (the  •eyes,  a  door, 
etc).  Danuning  up  (a  river,  etc.).  Sukr, 
Being  intoxieatad.  SiJbr  or  wAr,  Dmken- 
ness.    Stiff  A  mound  or  dyke  for  confining 

water.    /-,«««..  Sugar.  ^^L.. 

Sugar-candy. 

iZj\J^  iolardt,  Agony,  fainting.  lZj\^ 

(^y^\f  The  agony  of  death. 
i^yLd  iottdn  (pi.  v/jlCi),  Dmnk. 

^L:iL>  sakinai,  A  habitation.  Quiet,  con- 
ttancy,  finnness. 

ul^jL^  tuJtai,  Being  quiet,  tadtam. 
Stihkt.  Siloioe.  Ijlyr  ci;/Jf  ^\^  \^j 

rtMtma  kan  a$iukiUJawabim,  Silence  is  often 
an  answer. 

^^^  iukan,  Tnmqnillity,  rest,  quiet 

Firmness,  constancy.  The  quiescent  state  <^  a 
consonant,  or  the  not  beug  Ibllowied  by  a 
vowel  in  the  same  syllable. 

ijt/Lti  iuJkCnat,  Tranquillity  of  deport- 
ment, freedom  from  hurry  or  disturbance. 

^^  nkiah,  A  die  for  coining ;  the  inK 
presBion  on  noiiey. 

^2^JL}  tikln,  A  knife.  <cJL»  iahne.  The 
glory  of  God  in  the  Atk  of  tiie  Oovenani. 

^  iMy  Drawing  (a  sword)  ftoxa  its 

scabbard,  io  JiS  \^f^^  dJjwi  <Jaa»  ^^, 
He  who  draws  the  sword  of  injofttioe  shall  be 
killed  by  it  Jui^'j*J-fS;cl\|3jb\^l(^ 

And  those  who  practise  it  are  the  atxonfeflr 

of   tbcij 


tribe,  and  they  are  the  happiest 
sneration:  thiis  touch  of  onpressic 
lem  not,  and  the  drawing  of  the  sword  doe 


Sneration:  this  touch  of  oppression  affecta 
em  not,  and  the  drawing  of  the  sword  doe 
not  disquiet  them ;  they  tear  not  the  sting  o 
the  most  envenomed  foe ;  they  own  submiasioi 
to  none,  far  or  near ;  they  are  not  afrmid  o 
thunder  and  lightning ;  nor  care  for  the  wrat] 
of  those  who  nse  up  and  sit  down  (».«.  tho^ 
who  are  restless  with  anger). 

^  iitt,  The  disease  of  consumptioii. 
>-lrf  taUffikah,  The  Seljukian  dynasty 


(188) 


jLd 


.Li  iUdkf  Amu,  armour.     The  annB 

'of  tiie  Bedotdiii  are :  Lanoes  {ramah),  twdre 
feekki^t  and  made  ofa  ion  of  bamboo,  with 
n  ini  or  iled  poiiited  head,  and  at  the 
oAs  cad  in  iron  ipike  to  stick  it  into  the 
fcomid;  nor  the  top  ia  a  soft  tail  of  black 
osfcoeb  fcadios,  an  emUem  of  death.  The 
ebR  (»i^  ina  eoane  leather  scabbard;  these 
thcf  vnr  on  aU  occasions.  In  their  girdles 
I  wm  a  eorred  knife  {tikkm). 


m 

A^mSsik,  A  skinner. 

LL  mlittt,  Facility  of  diction.    An 
Off,  flowing  naiuier  of  speech. 

JJL  tddnl  (pL  of  ZJuJui),  Chains. 
^J^Lasilaaa,  KingSy  princes,  sovereigxiB. 

JL  uUal,  A  wicker-basket  maker. 

ill  Mkt  or  4S]Li  iddlah.  Children, 

iWwfairti,  posteritj,  descending  race  or  stock. 
Wliite?Br  is  extriu^ed  from  anything. 

JLeMiiSiiyAsalatation.  Peace,  safety,  fi 

^^^^\jL»^  ^\Lt  ^^  ^M  ij\ 

tiicB  rose  from  his  place,  and  went  to  them, 
lad  Minted  them  with  the  best  salutation ;  and 
ticy  hastened  to  rise  to  him :  they  met  him  in 
the  most  polite  manner,  with  all  honour  and 
le^eeti 

i^Xi  mldmaif   Salration,  tranquillity, 
arfBty,  peace.    SrL  ^^  x^^  ^\  b 

J^r'  iJ^  i<^  W^l^  JU^>-1I\  »JJ^ 

tfUt,  0  my  brother  and  friend,  re- 

eeire  thsM  loads,  and  accept  them  as  a  present 
fnm  at,  and  as  a  token  of  my  lore  for  thee, 
tad  repair  to  thy  conntry  with  peace  and 

lispfRnesk 

ViJb.*  ssM  or  mZ&,  Bapine,  plunder. 
^fiSSaf,  seizing  by  force.    Bejection,  denial. 

ioegi:tiTeargamentinlog:ic  M^(^j 
^  \i  --J-ff ,  A  single  word  sometimes 
btioys  &Tour.  aKI\  t  JJb  ^^  Uli 

Wjf^.e,^  jW  f!^  W  *r*^t  And 

sa  Wing  these  her  words,  his  reason  i^as 
iffimsd  by  ha  passion  for  her  j  hi^  Idve 


for  her  increased,  and  he  oonld  not  withhold 
himaelf  from  her  I 

jy^  SaffHk,  The  founder  of  the  8el- 
^tikian  dynasty  in  Persia,  etc. 

li^  suhhfSL,  A  tortoise.  El-Ka«wini 
relates  that  in  the  Sea  of  China  are  tortoises 
each  twenty  cubits  in  circumference,  and  that 
each  of  them  lays  a  thousand  eggs. 

J-*  taikh,  Skinning  (an  animal),  peeling 
(bark).    The  end  of  a  month.  / 

JUmL*  tdUalf  A  chain.  Pore  limpid 
water  waging  like  a  chain. 

J-^mJuj  ioUaiil,  Pure  water.  Name  of 
afonntain in  Paradiae. 

iUu-  9Mlat,  A  chain,  a  series,  suite, 
concatenation,  succession,  line,  descent,  in- 
heritance, genealogy,  family,  progeny.  light- 
ning, when  darting  along  like  a  chain.  Bands 
blown  into  the  form  of  a  chain. 

^\LL»  «tttta«,  The  Sultan.    A  monarch, 

king,  sorereign,  prince.  Absolute  jwwer, 
despotic    authority,    soTcreignty,    dominion. 

4iLLJu«»,  Boyal,  imperial,  princely. 

Ji^\  J^^  fc..iir|J|^,0  my  nurse, 

replied  the  Lady  Dunya,  this  is  a  deril !  How 
has  he  dared  to  use  these  words  and  feared  not 
the  power  of  the  Sultan  P 

iLLi  itdtanat,  Power,  authority,  mag- 
nificence, majesty.  An  empire,  kingdom,  prin- 
cipality, temtoxy. 

v_o\ ..  Mlaf,  A  predecessor.  Advance. 
Money  paid  down,  or  before  it  is  due,  for 

goods  to  be  afterwards  delivered.  UL? 
atUafanf  Beforehand. 

isLi  silfat,  The  affinity  of  two  women 

married  to  two  brothers ;  a  brother's  or  a  hus- 
band's brother's  wife.  [The  herb  beet. 

jL  salk,  Boiling  eggs  or  potherbs.  8tU, 

fjSL»  aalh,  Inserting,  threading.  Silk, 
A  thread.    A  series,  order,  train. 

JL«  taUam,  To  surrender. 

^^JLj  Salnu^  or  Minuf,  The  proper 
^name  of  a  woman.    8uUm^,  The  proper  name 

of  a  man. 
CJ^  stdilky  Proceeding.  An  institution, 

mode,  manner,  rule,  conduct. 
U  Ju-i  jS/flifeia,  The  ancient  Seleucia.  The 
"KUcodonian  king,    Seleudus   Nicator,   '^^'^ 


> 


(184) 


^ 


founded  Antiochi  built  alio,  at  the  month  of 
the  Orontes,  on  the  northern  bank,  a  large 
and  well-fortified  dij,  which  bore  his  name, 
bat  of  which  not  a  tingle  habitation  remains. 
Some  years  ago  nothing  was  to  be  seen  but 
heaps  of  rubbish,  and  works  m  the  adjacent 
rocks,  which  prove  that  this  was  onoe  a 
place  of  Terj  considerable  importance.  In  the 
sea  also  may  be  perceived  tne  traces  of  two 
piers,  which  are  indications  of  an  ancient  port 
now  choked  up.  The  inhabitants  of  the 
country  now  calfthe  ancient  Selencia,  Sonaidia; 
and  the  present  Sonaidia,  situated  in  a  plain 
five  hours  and  a  half  south-west  of  Antioch, 
and  one  from  the  sea,  is  remarkable  for  its 
natural  fertility — ^its  fruits  are  of  a  singular 
beauty.  It  possesses  all  ihe  fruits  which  grow 
in  Earope.  There  is  a  yineyard  containing  at 
least  eighty  different  species  of  vines,  the  most 
esteemed  in  Europe,  imported  by  the  late  Mr. 
Barker,  formerly  British  Consul  at  Aleppo. 
If  Syria  had  a  tew  settlers  like  Mr.  Barker, 
the  race  of  the  country  would  assume  a  very 
different  aspect  from  that  which  it  now  presents. 
There  is  another  Seleucia  on  the  Tigna,  which 
is  337  miles  distant  from  Palmyra. 

^^^  M^o*,  The  quails  sent  to  feed  the 
Israelites  in  the  desert. 

^^ggvLi  toMhahy  The  cassia  of  Arabia, 
which  gives  a  clearness  to  the  voice. 

aJu9  SaUm^  A  man's  name.     Entire, 

free  from  flaw  or  stain,  perfect,  healthy,  whole- 
some.   Sincere,  mild,  or  gentle-hearted. 

^^UJlii  Sulaymdn  or  SullnULn^  Solomon 

the  son  of  David.  ^  And  King  Solomon  made 
a  navy  of  ships  in  Ezion-jeber,  which  is  beside 
Eloth  on  the  shore  of  the  Bed  Sea,  in  the  land 
of  Edom." — 1  Kings  ix.  26.  Here  there  is  a 
mistake  of  construction  in  the  translation, 
which  has  given  place  to  a  great  error  during 
many  centvies.  Up  to  the  present  time  au 
the  learned  world  has  looked  in  vain  for  this 
Ezion-ieber  on  the  shore  of  the  Bed  SeA,  but 
never  found  any  trace  of  it ;  and  yet  it  was 
the  harbour  of  the  fleet  of  King  Solomon. 
They  could  not  find  the  slightest  trace  of  it 
because  it  did  not  exist  on  the  shore  of  the 
Bed  Sea,  but  on  the  banks  of  the  Euphrates. 
Its  vast  ruins  are  still  in  existence  under  the 

Arabic  nameof^^-  ^;m3»-  Hun  Jdhery 
or  the  Castle  of  Jaber ;  called  also  sometimes 

jAp^  iuii  JS'al^tJdh&r,  Castle  of  Jaber, 

or  the  Jaber  Castie,  of  which  the  enormous 
mound  with  its  minaret  can  be  seen  from  an 
immense  distance,  and  which  is  situated  not 
far  from  the  ruins  of  the  ancient  Boman  town 
of  Beles.  This  fact  proves  that  Solomon  and 
the  Tyrians  ^is  aUies)  gave  the  preference 
to  the  navigation  of  the  Siphrates  and  of  the 
Persian  Gulf  by  Ezion-jaber,  or  the  Jaber 
Castie,  from  which  they  used  to  communicate 
with  the  Persian  Gulf,  even  with  Ceylon  and 
India;  and  by  caravans  with  Phoomda  and 


Palestine  through  Palmyra;  this  was  tiie 
shortest  and  consequently  the  most  nAtoral, 
route.  Thereibre  the  text  of  1  Kings  ix.  26 
ought  to  be  translated  and  constructed  thus : 
'*  And  King  Solomon  made  a  navy  of  abips  in 
Ezion-jeber,  besides  that  of  Eloth,  which 
is  on  the  shore  of  the  Bed  Sea,  in  the  land 
of  Edom."  Here  one  can  object,  Why  did  not 
the  above  text  say  '*in  Ezion-jeber  on  the 
Euphrates"  P  This  explanation  was  not  neoes* 
sary,  as  Btion-Jeber  was  probably  known  at 
that  time,  since  it  was  from  the  remotest 
period  the  centre  of  the  trade  which  has  at  all 
times  existed  between  the  East  and  the  ^West. 
Besides,  the  immense  mound  of  Hcan-jaber, 
which  deserves  to  be  visited  and  explored 
more  than  any  other  antiquity,  \b  there  stand- 
ing and  existing,  and  speaks  for  itaelf  so 
eloquentiy  as  to  be  understood  verr  easily. 
Having  discovered  the  true  site  or  Szion- 
jaber,  the  Jaber  CasUe,  it  remains  for  us  to 
discover  who  was  this  Jeber,  or  Jaber,  aa  it  ii 
pronounced  in  Arabic.  Greber,  «'.  e.  manly, 
strong,  was  the  name  of  King  Solomon's  prin- 
cipal officers  oyer  laraeL   See^  U^  4jOJ  . 

(JUJu  iolaym&nlf  A  kind  of  precious 
tgate. 


Bulaymdniyah  or  ^taJuJI 

Mtuiafmaniyah,  The  Solomonite,  or  the  town 
of  Solomon.  1^  is  the  modem  name  'which 
the  Arab- Bedouins  give  the  town  of  Tadmor, 
or  Palmyra  in  the  desert,  as  Solomon  took 
this  town  under  his  protection,  and  built  there 
some  fortifications  for  its  defence,  and  honoured 
it  with  a  garrison  of  his  troops.  This  is  all 
that  the  Arabs  of  the  desert  know  by  tradi> 
tion  concerning  Palmyra.  As  to  its  origin  little 
certain  is  known.  l!he  first  mention  of  it  in 
Boman  history  is  under  Mark  Antony  (see 
Appian,  De  Bello  Civil,  lib.  5),  at  which  time 
the  inhabitants  were  noted  for  their  riches  and 
their  commerce  with  the  nations  of  the  Bast. 
The  description  which  Pliny  gives  of  its 
situation  (he  omits  to  speak  of  its  public  monu- 
ments), as  compared  with  its  present  appear- 
ance, issinflrularly  correct  He  says:  **Piaa&yra 
is  remarkable  on  account  of  its  situation,  the 
richness  of  its  soil,  and  its  agreeable  streama. 
It  is  encompassed  on  every  si£  by  a  vast  deaert 
of  sand,  which  completel^r  separates  it  froni 
the  rest  of  the  world)  and  it  his  always  main* 
tatned  its  independence  between  the  two  great 
empires  of  Bome  and  Parthia,  whose  constant 
endeavour  it  is,  during  their  wars,  to  hrin^  it 
ov^r  to  their  respective  interests.  It  is  distant 
337  miles  from  Seleucia  on  the  Tigris,  203 
from  the  nearest  part  of  the  coast,  and  1 76 
from  Damascus."  Its  situation  at  the  eastern 
foot  of  a  chain  of  low  hills  looking  towanla 
the  desert,  the  fertility  of  the  surrounding 
country,  and  the  purity  of  its  water,  are  facta 
acknowledged  by  all  who  have  visited  it« 
Wood,  who  accompanied  Dawkins  to  Palmyra 
in  1767,  visited  it  from  Hassiah.  His  work 
is  a  large  folio,  and  is  to  be  found  in  all  tl&e 


(185) 


gnd  ISbaam  of  Xmope.    The  war  whieh 

ennd  tht  dakwt&on  of  Palmyn  ii  thw 

reeoidKL     AorditB  next  tarned  his  anna 

agiioit  the  £u--&ined   Zenobia,    Qaeen  of 

Ptiayn,  tke  widow  of  Odenathna,  who  had 

been  pcraitlBd  bj  Gallienw  to  partidiDate  in 

the  tttk  of  lognstoa,  and  had  extended  hia 

s^y  orer  t  hif^  portion  of  Asia  Minor, 

Synt,  tad  Erfpt     The  Bomana  on  their 

mueb  na^ioLed  Tanooa  harbarooa  tribea  on 

tfa«  Tkttaa  bolder,  who  oppoaed  their  pro- 

groL    hang  orer   the  ^osphoma,  ther 

contiiaed  tbdr  trhunphant  eonrM  throngn 

Sittna,  vbidk  yielded  without  reriatance  ; 

ftajud  l^saa,  wbi^  had  cloaed  ita  gatea  at 

tbtsrimndi;  mdat  length  eneoontoed  the 

focm  0f  Zeaobia  on  the  banks  of  the  Orontea, 

UK  &r  frNB  iatioch.     The  PalmyTeniana, 

^>oBf  dnTcn  from  their  position,  retreated  to 

£■£■«  vhere  ther  were  a  leoond  time  orer- 

potosd  is  a  bboffy  battle,  and  forced  to  retire 

Bp<B  tbor  opitaL     Aorelian  pnraied  them 

*^  tbe  daeit,  which  he  paaed  in  aafetj, 

t^iheo^  hantBti  bj  the  oonatant  attacka  of 

t^  BedocBi,  aad  prooeeded  at  onoe  to  inreat 

^"s^ajn,  wbidi  nrrendered  after  a  long  and 

^^^tfinte  defease;  tibe  Qneen  heraelf  having 

^  pmiooalr  captared  in  an  attempt  to 

(feet  bcr  enpe  to  Persia.    A  profonna  aen- 

i>&v  vsproJpeed  by  theae  events,  and  em- 

^^saeipeand  in  from  all  the  most  powerAil 

siiiw  bejoad  the  Euphrates,  beannf  gifka 

^  vebag  friendship.    The  affiuia  of  Aeae 

r^Aai  bsTiog  been  Ailly  arranged,  the  £m- 

g*  yt  oat  on  his  retom  to  Ital^.    At 

ijaatium  be  waa  OTertaken  by  &e  intelli- 

?^  that  the  inhaHtants  of  Pahima  had 

n^oitcd,  mordered  the  goremor  and  Roman 

ruraon,  and  proclaimed  a  relation  of  Zenobia 

Aa^vte.     He   immediately   tnmed  back, 

^*{b£d  dixaet  to  Palmm,  which  he  entered 

^W^  mamacred  tae  whole  population, 

"U  niid  tbe  city  to  the  ground,"  .leaying 

f^  bowerer,  to  restore  the  Temple  of  the 

^  ^u^  bad  been  pillaged  by  the  soldiers. 

^^  Tct  in  Meeopotamia,  it  became  known 

^^n^  had  riaen  in  rebellion,  and  had 

™^Wged  a  eertain  Firmua  as  their  prince. 

Ai^ina  ioataatly  hurried  to  Alexandria,  put 

Vi  4tttb  ^  BBurper,  and  then  retumedT  to 

^^^   Sadi  was  the  end  of  tiiis  rich  and 

P^  %,  of  which  ita  noble  remains  attest 

^  ^  ?«  gFttdeor  snd  power. 

^'>m,  The  orifice  of  the  ear.  Theeye 

•  kittdk    Smmny  Poison,  Tenom. 

-^  MBd,  Heavea^  the  sky, 

^^  9mU,  A  mark  made  on  anything 
(•dkiiiQaktt    A  characteristic. 

'^'^MadAa^,  Beneficence,  liberality. 
^*^a»d(,  Atable  covered  with  yictoala. 
L     «M^y  Hearing,  listening.    Jar 


^lAiim  haaSi  hhabarfmrru  kSnUtHf  On  hearing 
this  news  they  ran  away. 

(J/U^  iimdk,  Name  of  two  stars. 

^Um)  tammdnf  A  seller  of  butter. 

^UbMi  summdnat  (pi.  c:i^l3ta«i),  A  qnail. 
di^ljUb^j  $amdwdt.  The  heavens. 

i^\Ami  8emdw$t  or  ^^UmJI  as-iemdwah,  or 

at'tanUtwatf  la  a  small  town,  or  rather  a  Til- 
lage, situated  on  the  Euphrates.  From  this 
TiUage  of  Samawat  the  course  of  the  Eu- 
phrates is  accompanied  with  a  double  bank, 
which  descends  as  fru:  as  its  jtmction  with  tha 
Tigris,  and  from  thence  to  the  aea,  being  a 
length  of  about  a  hundred  leaguea,  French 
meaaura.  The  height  of  theae  artificial  banks 
ia  not  uniform,  but  increaaea  as  you  adrance 
from  the  sea;  it  may  be  eatimated  at  from 
twelve  to  fifteen  feet.  But  for  them,  the  in- 
undation of  the  river  would  bury  the  country 
around,  which  ia  flat*  to  an  extent  of  twenty 
or  twenty-five  leagues;  and  even  notwith- 
atanding  these  banka,  then  has  been  in  modem 
times  an  overflow  which  haa  covered  the  whole 
triangle  formed  by  Hhe  junction  of  this  river 
to  the  Tigris,  being  a  space  fit  country  of  one 
hundred  and  thirty  square  leagues.  By  the 
stagnation  of  these  waters  an  epidemical  dis- 
ease of  the  most  fatal  nature  waa  occasioned. 
It  follows  from  hence,  first,  that  all  the  flat 
country  bordering  upon  these  rivers  waa  origin- 
ally a  marsh ;  secondly,  that  this  nuush  could 
not  have  been  inhabited  previously  to  the  con- 
struction of  the  banks  in  question;  thirdly. 
That  these  banka  could  only  have  been  the  work 
of  a  population  prior  aa  to  date.  The  de- 
vation  of  Babylon,  therofore,  must  have  been 
posterior  to  thiat  of  Nineveh. 

^^UMa«fm^f9i,  Heavenly  •  Sky-coloured, 
cerulean,  azure.  • 

JuLi  s&mmat,  A  quarter,  tract,  country. 

^  iamah  (fern,  l^^.  Being  benefi- 
cent, liberal.    Being  merciful,  humane. 

MMor,  Evening  conversations  (such 
aa  the  Arabians  hold  sitting  round  their  tents). 

\j4m»  $amrd.  Of  a  taWny  colour.     A 
tawny,  brown  colour. 

JcJ^  Samarkand,  A  province  of  Persia. 

A  celebrated  dty  and  kingdom  in  higher  Asia. 
Samarkandtf  An  inhabitont  o^  or  anything 
belonging  to,  Samarcand. 

samarmar,  A  black  bird,  which 

greatly  resembles  the  woodpecker,  and  which 
&II0WB  the  locusts  in  numerous  flocks,  like  star- 
lings, and  they  not  only  greedily  devour  them, 
but  kill  aa  many  aa  they  can ;  accordingly  they 
aro  respected  by  the  peasants,  and  nobody  is 

ever  allowed  to  shoot  them.  SeejV 


j«.  (186) 


^uma^  tamtdr,  A  broker. 

j^M^summmf  Sesame.  All  Syria  abounds 
in  sesamim^  finrai  wbkh  excellent  oU  if  pitHnired. 

^4w  tama^,  A  hearing.      £c\^  U^, 
vHUing,  obeying  a  word  or  lign,  ihawiBg  that 

one  is  ready.    ULI^  U^w,  It  is  beard, 

but  let  it  not  be  oonfinned  (a  mode  of  ezpns- 
■ion  when  any  disagreeable  news  ia  xeported). 

^  ^eJ^f  Listen  then  to  me.    Fame, 
a  good  reputation.    _5  Im^  c^J 

(jMuSly  His  &me  was  diffused  amtftig 
the  people.    t2?*"'j  l5^' u' J*  c?^ 

Therefore  it  ia  natoral  that  I  ahonld  weep  and 
moon.    On  hearing  tiioM  words,  I  abstained 


from  rebdkinff  her,  and  said  to  her,  Do  what 
aeems  fit  and  proper  to  thee,  for  I  will  not 
oppose  tiiee. 

^U^i  «Mn^d»9  Simeon.     ^U^^jU^J, 

The  CouTent  of  Saint  Simon  Stylites. 

^IjMMt  i^f^f    Mount    Saint   Simon 

Btylites.  Aboot  six  honrs  north-west  of 
Aleppo,  and  to  the  north  of  the  road,  is  the 
inined  conrent  of  Saint  Simon  Stjlites,  which, 
in  the  sixth  and  serenth  centuries,  was  cele- 
brated for  the  derotion  paid  to  tiiis  saint,  and 
for  the  BpocionsnesB  and  maenificenee  of  its 
bnildincB.  Some  remains  of  the  fiEunons  pillar 
npon  which  St.  Simon  lired  for  so  many  years 
are  still  shown  to  pious  dcTotees.  A  great 
number  of  mined  TiUa^  lie  in  this  direction. 
Mount  Saint  Simon  is  now  called  hj  the 

natires  Ui^l^  u^  J^  jahal  Bhtikk 

iaraiatf  orthemountaiaof  theblessedholy  man. 

CilX^«  samak  or  JSl^,  A  fish.  <tCLJ\, 
The  sign  Pisces.  JQ-Kscwini  and  Ibn-el- 
Wardi  relate  that  in  the  Sea  of  £1-Kalznm 
(the  Red  Sea)  there  is  a  fish  in  the  form  of  a  cow, 
which  brings  forth  its  young  and  suckles  them 
like  a  cow.  The  same  authors  say  that  in  the 
same  sea  is  a  fish  twenty  cubits  lone,  the  back 
of  which  is  like  tortoise-shell,  ana  it  brings 
fortii  young  and  suckles  them  Ukehuman  beings. 

^^  tamn,  Butter.  Simn,  Fatness, 
plumpness.  [nence. 

y^  nimU,  Elevation,  exaltedness,  emi- 

CL^I^  iomawdt  for  cuf^l^v,  Tbeheavens. 

^^MMifiA,  Beneficent,  affable.  A»^^» 
liberality,  clemency,  beneficence. 

j^  munttTp  Of  a  tawny  brown,  weasel 


colour.    jy>^  nimmnr,  The  Sc] 

weaad  or  marten,  tiie  sable ;  also  the  fine  i 
or  for  of  that  anxmaL 

M^  MMflm,  A  sultry    wind,  wl 
destmys  traYeUers. 

Mfftir,    Evening    entertainoK 

nocturnal  oonTersations ;  the  places, 
among  the  Arabian  tents*  where  these  eoai 
sations  are  held;  also  tiie subject.  8mm 
One  who  is  fond  of  sodi  entertatnmenftB.    ' 

Miiii^,  A  hearer. 
^^-.,..  wamln,  Fat,  fuU,  plump. 

^  tinny  A  tooth.     Age.     The  nib 
a  pen.      (li^^v..!  ^9  What   is  p 


age 


ma  hu  tkUir  min  fjukr  ttMm,  Her  1 
is  not  move  than  ten  years. 

Umi  sandy  Shining.  Light,  splendoi 
bi%htneas,  fiashing  (lightning).  Elerstii 
altitude,  eminence. 

JjIa^  sandhil.  Prickles. 

i^^CeLi.1  ttmdmMy  The  senna  of  Meco 

^^Li.9  tifidii,  The  point  or  head  of  a  lant 

{jJaer  ^^  ijftj\3  Ific  UU  IfJl  \jjc 

j\rt  \Mj^  u^-^  *-*0  ^b  s 
^^J^  CUc  uJ^Jj  IfCUU  L( 

And  they  looked  at  it,  and  lo,  upon  it  ^ 
horseman  of  brass,  on  tiie  top  of  whose  s 
was  a  wide  and  glittering  nead  that  aii 
deprived  the  beholder  of  iight,  and  on  it 
inscribed:  0  thou  who  comest  unto  m 
thou  know  not  tiie  way  that  leadeth  to 
dtj  of  Braas,  rub  the  hand  of  the  horsei 
ana  he  will  turn,  and  then  will  stop ;  ax 
whatBOver  direction  he  stoppeth,  thither 
oeed  without  fear  and  without  heaitatior 
it  will  lead  thee  to  tiie  City  of  Braaa. 

Ji^Xirf  iumM,   The  hyacinth.        ^ 

^^tXiib,  The  spikenard.  ^jiLks;.  Jl 
AingeUca. 

^  Mnai,  A  year.    The  Sunnah 

the  traditions  of  Hshomet. 


(187) 


jyA 


^J\if^  m/njdh^    Ennine,    the    pontic 
awe,  thegiwy  aquiiTeL  SMijSfti,  Grey,Ta«et. 

|l^  S^Mf'dfy  A  city  of  Eardifltan,  to 

th«  west  of  the  Hgris,  not  &r  from  Moeol, 
>nd  OB  ^  toid  from  Damaaciu  to  Bagdad, 
Vy  "wiy  of  Akppo  and  Mosul. 

^^  KMaJ,  A  piop,  any  thiog  apon  which 

UMtber  km  or  by  which  it  ia  sapported. 
A  doGoaat  (ai  besng  a  thing  on  wnioh  one 
cui  km  iriU  eonfidenoe). 

^^  8miy  Sinde^  an  eztenftive  country  of 

W.  ladii,  betwaan  Hindoatan  and  Beloo- 
clnrtm,  flonprioDg  the  lower  conne  and  delta 
of  theladai,  eitcndiag  between  lat.  2r  and 
2f  >%  aid  k»g.  6<r  and  72^  £. ;  having 
N.  the  Pnq'tb  imd  Bahawvlpoor  territories, 
£.  E^pootana,  8.  Ab  Rnnn  of  Catch  and  the 
Indian  Ooesn,  and  W.  Beloochistan  and  Cntch* 
GtmdsTs.  The  Tariona  products  of  Sinde 
(ii^er  little  from  tiioae  of  the  rest  of  India. 
Hiee,  iadi^  tobaoco,  and  sogar-cane  are  amonf 
tike  principal ;  Tines,  fin,  pomegranates,  and 
(Ten sDpks,  an  fiMGesaftilly  raised  at  Tatta; 
ud  viieat,  barley,  and  the  oommon  Indian 
gnins  are  grown  to  great  perfection  in  Lower 
^aide.  Then  are  Tast  herds  of  homed  catde 
isd  sheep,  which  are  generally  larger  than 
thoK  of  Hindustan.  Camels  and  onffaloes 
m  iizsena  \  game  ia  very  plentiftal,  though 
wood  is  aearoe;  salt  and  saltpetre  effloresce 
Almost  everywhere  on  the  aou.  The  main 
iipmu  aze  salt,  rice,  ehee,  hides,  saltpetre, 
o(>tton,  oil,  ahatts'  fins,  bark  for  tanning,  with 
MttAB^da,  and  other  anmis ;  Kashmere  shawls, 
^afitm,  hoTHs,  learner,  musk,  alum;  and 
wioas  drugs  and  gums  firom  the  countries  on 
tbe  Qortik  sad  west  The  principal  imports 
^n«i  India  are  metals,  ivory,  tea,  tntenague, 
ud  other  China  wares ;  chintzes,  broad  cloths, 
^'u,  tod  other  Imfian  and  Buropean  mann^ 
^"^<ans;  hut  particularly  opinm,  in  transit 
frm  Mahrah  to  Bombay.  From  Persia  and 
Arabia  the  Sindians  aJso  obtain  silks,  swords, 
(37p€ii,  dates,  rose-water,  and  coffee.  Nearly 
iH  tbe  trade  centres  in  Kurachee,  on  the  Beloo- 
cbisEtaa  border ;  tiiere  is  little  commerce  any- 
v^  dsiL  eren  on  the  Indus.  The  chief 
tcwQs  an  Tatta,  Hyderabad,  Kurachee,  Kyr- 
P«^,  Sbikarpocr,  and  Larkham. 

\j^*j^^  nmUtr^i  The  gum  of  the  red 
V^^,  Baadataeha,  ted  arsenic. 

Ji'^  tindi^dn,  A  kind  of  oak. 
v^'>^  nmmwdi  (pi.  of  JL«),  Yean* 
^9^  wMUy  Beooming  nanifesti  ap- 


^t  A  nouy  oat  oatohca  no  mice. 
f^  imfiao,  The  domestio  swallow. 


i^y»^  Mnawi,  AnnuaL  ^y»Mj\j\f  Monu- 
ments, chronicles,  annals. 

AXyd  sanahf  A  yean 

^j^  »ant  (fern.  i*:>S)f  High,  exalted, 
sublime,  precious,  grand. 

^^Ji^  sanln  (pi.  of  ^),  Yean* 

*y^  taw,  An  evil,  a  calamity.       Being 
▼idous,  corrupt,  malignant,  deprayed. 

^jAyasawdbikjVaAteyeniM*  Antecedents. 

(J».1^  sawdhUf  Shores,  coasts.   Banks, 
borders. 

j1^  aawdd.  Blackness. 

j\^  suwdr  (pi.  ijy^^)f  A  bracelet. 

Sx\^  iuwd^f  Arms.    ^  ^Ij^  JJ^ 

jIJlC*  JJ^^y  jt«X>.  (-J;^^  "^bjl^'  ^ 
had  an  army  comprising  a  thousand  thousand 
bridles,  composed  of  hardy  men,  with  spears, 
coats  of  mau,  sharp  swords,  and  strong  arms. 

_5t^  sawdkl,  Bivers,  streams. 
^1^  sawdkiHf  Inhabitants* 
Jt*^  9udl,  A  question,  petition,  inter- 
rogation, demand,  request,  begging.  ^\^ 

(JL^y^  t/^!^  V^^  Jy*<^  Jjc«rfli  l^ 

bU^ ,  But  if  thou  refuse,  I  will  bring 

against  thee  forces  with  which  thou  hast  not 
power  to  contend  against ;  therefore  prepare 
an  answer  to  the  question,  and  put  on  the 
garment  of  death. 

SmmS^yia  sawdlif,  Fast  events,      ujilt^ 

i%ljll\.  Fast  times. 

\jy^  sawdd  (fern.).  Black.   Black  bile 

Cbl  supposititious  humour  of  the  body).  Any 
fixed  laea,  wish  or  monomania.    Melancholy. 

^f  J^  tUddn,  Negroes,  Ethiopians. 
4^^^  J^  sawddwi,  Melancholy,  dejecta. 

^h^Jt  v/^f  iJ^f,  Of  amelancholy  temper- 
aments 
j^  s^r,  A  wall,  a  rampart. 

ij^  iowrai,  A  chapter  of  the  Kur'an. 

A  sign,  a  trace,  a  vestige. 

^jf^  Swriah^  Syrian     iijy^  Syria  and 


jr* 


(188) 


4/^ 


^^^JLJli^  Palestine,  j1  or  JbJ^t  Judea, 
two  of  the  most  oelelnrated  t^odb  of  the 

£J^\  iji\  i^^Aoj  eastern  hemisphere: 
the  former  inclades  the  ^^jAa!!  <uLjJ 

M  wm        m 

ancient  Phoenicia,  and  the  latter  is  sometimet 

called  the  JLijJU]^  lA^^^  Holy  Land, 
iiom  iti  being  the  theatre  of  most  of  the  great 

events  recorded  in  XMiiXLill  ^j\j:i\ 
sacred  history.  These  famoosconntrieshaTe, for 

if  Jj«9lc  i^hJ  many  centuries,  ceased  to 
be  independent,  and  have  for  a  lengthened 

period  formed  a  s^  portion  of  (iSji 
Lm)!  Asiatic  Turkey.  They  extend 
principally  ^^)b!|^  Ju  jlsf  1  i>-ji^\  ^^ 

^hitj  ixAJi\  ^jjJIj  between  31'' 

and  37''  1\jJ^  "CcjS,  ISi.  lat.,  and  34o  and 

41^  E.  long.,^^lj  J  ^y  XUl  UfcL^ 
^Ju^j^^  lunring  N.  the  Pashalics  of 
Diarbekr  and  Marash.  ^J^\  ^  ^ 

in  Asia  Minor;  Ij^^  \3j**^.  DUJ^j 
{ZS\^\  ^.E.  and  E.  the  Euphrates; 
C-;  jJ\  h  J  iT^^,  JjAj  ir«:j>-.;  S.E. 

and  S.  the  Arabian  Desert  ;^^i^t  bjij 

ViMiy.^H ;  and  W.  the  Mediterranean. 

(Let  the  stadent  find  the  Arabic  of  what  fol- 
lows.) Previously  to  the  subjugation  of  the 
ooun^  by  Mehemet  Ali,  it  was  divided  into 
the  four  pashalics  of  Aleppo,  Tripoli,  Acre, 
and  Damascus.  Palestine,  or  the  Holy  Land, 
comprised  in  the  two  latter  pashalics,  forms 
the  S.  portion  of  the  reg^ion,  bein^  about  200 
miles  m  length,  by  eighty  in  its  extreme 
breadth.  The  entire  length  of  Syria  and 
*  Palestine  may  be  about  460  miles  N.  and  8., 
its  breadUi  varying  from  100  to  280  miles. 
Its  area  has  been  estimated  at  48,000  square 
mUes,  and  its  population  at  from  one  and  a 
quarter  to  two,  and  even  three  millions,  but 
probably  1,600,000  may  not  be  far  from  the 
mark.  The  W.  or  coast  portion  of  Syria  is 
mountainous,  while  the  more  inland  portion, 
or  that  to  the  E.  of  the  Orontes  and  Damascus, 
is  mostly  flat.  The  mountains  run  mostly  N. 
and  S. ,  parallel  to  the  Mediterranean.  The  prin- 
cipal cnain,  in  different  jparts  of  its  course,  is 
termed  Alma-Dagh  (anciently  Mens  Amanus), 
Jabal-al-Ansariyah,  and  Lebanon:  it  runs'  at 
an  average  distance  of  about  twenty-four  miles 


from  the  sea,  from  the  ran^  of  Taurus,  in  ^ 
Minor,  as  fieur  S.  as  the  viciniW  of  Tyre,  r' 
it  terminates.  The  principal  rivers  of 
are  the  Euphrates,  Jordan,  and  Orontes. 
coast  line  is  watered  by  numerous  small  r^ 
fiiUing  into  the  Mediterranean,  which 
bnte  greatly  to  fertilize  the  land,  but  of  1^ 
none  are  navigable.  (SeeJVaAr.)  Withi^l 
immense  advantages  of  its  climate  and  mb 
is  not  astonishing  that  Syria  should  alwj 
have  been  esteemed  a  most  delicious  oorati 
and  that  the  Greeks  and  Romans  ranked 
among  the  most  beautifril  of  tiieir  proriiM 
and  even  thought  it  not  inferior  to  Sn 
In  more  modem  times,  also,  a  Pasha,  J 
was  perfectly  acquainted  witii  both  of  tU 
provinces,  being  asked  to  which  he  gave 
preference,  repaed,  "  Egypt,  without  doubt 
a  moit  beautiful  farm  ;  bit  Syria  i$aekm 
ing  wmttry  houu.** 

^^ya  saw*,  Moths,  weevils,  ticks.  ^^ 

The  moth,  the  weevil,  the  tick  (or  oi 
similar  worms).    Liquorice. 

^^  iiUan,  The  lily. 

\fy^  9awt,  Flogging,  lashing.  A  BOonr| 
a  bull's  pizzle,  a  cat-o'-nine-tails. 

j^  tawk,  Driving.  8^,  A  market 
public  square  or  forum. 

/^ya  Bowm,  Estimating,  fixing  a  price 

i^y^  tiwa\  Besides,  except. 

^^    sawlyatf    Equality,    nniformi 

rectitade.      ^y^\  iX^  or  ^y^ 
Equally,  uniformly. 

Ijj^  suwayddf  A  small  Uack  spot,  1 
speck  of  original  sin. 

t  Jj^  Swatdd,  Now  a  rained  place,  i 

formerly  one  of  the  lai^est  towns  is 
Hawran.  The  circuit  of  its  ruins  is  at  I 
four  miles.  Amongst  them  is  a  street  runs 
in  a  straight  line  for  nearly  a  quarter  < 
mile,  in  which  the  houses  on  both  sides 
still  standing^  the  intervening  space  is  ^ 
narrow,  allowing  only  one  person  or  beas 
pass  at  a  time;  on  both  sides  is  a  nai 
pavement.  In  several  places  are  arched  c 
rooms,  supposed  to  have  been  shops.  ' 
street  commences  at  the  uppjer  end  of  the  U 
at  a  large  arched  gate  built  across  it 
scending,  you  come  to  an  elegant  buil< 
opposite  a  fountain,  in  the  shape  of  a  avec 
the  whole  front  of  which  forms  a  kin 
niche,  within  which  are  three  smaller  nic 
Bound  the  flat  roof  is  a  Oreek  inscript 
Not  far  troja  this  is  an  ancient  edifice, 
hundred  and  fifty  feet  by  forty  within, 
three  transverse  rows  of  ardhes,  resting  t 
irregular  columns.  It  is  now  a  mosque, 
the.  end  of  the  long  street,  oatnde  the  U 
is  a  tower  eighty  foot  high,  and  twenty 
square  at  the  mm,  with  windows  at  the 


sft-* 


(189)  Jf- 


tvo  mkt  of  wkidi  Iuktc  fkUen  down,  no  donbt 

from  tbe  effect  of  an  earfthquake.  There  i%  at 

dtf  top  of  the  hi]],  a  lai^  temple,  of  wluch 

eigiit  WotifTil  Connthiaa  oolnmna  are  stand- 

ut^   The  eatiAlatoe  and  cell  also  remain 

enOR.  Ob  measuring  the  dimennom  of  the 

latter  vilh  a  fine,  it  was  found  to  be  irregnlar, 

witiboDl  tajtiuB^  in  the  gnnmd  npon  which 

it  staidi  to  jvtiiT  predaion.    Turning  firom 

&ebtfiiiBiii^of  ne  itraet  to  the  souui  is  a 

Isigc  WDiig  in  raina,  called  hj  the  natirea 

B  Kimmk  (The  Chnreh).    It  la  adjoined  to 

Biofiier  bBflfliag,  and  has  the  appearance  of 

hsm^  wee  bera  a  monastery.    The  chnreh 

if  gee  kondred  aad  thirty  feet  long  by  eighty- 

OK  broii    The  grand  entrance,  with  two 

arckd  QfCBogB  on  each  aide,  fiusee  the  west 

On  die  aoitii  tide,  in  Ihe  npper  story,  are 

Bnawiadows;  at  the  eastern  end  is  a  laiger 

laM  tbiitf -one  feet  acroae,  with  two  smafier 

CM  OB  eieh  side.     Apparently  there  were 

kna\j  eohmuis,  adorned  with  tracings  of 

tl»  m  k&4  fbnning  a  gallery  all  around. 

It  a  B0V  without  a  roof.    Around  the  side 

doon  ate  nme  beautiful  friezes ;  the  crosses 

over  then  ire  dfaoed,  probably  when  the 

t6£a  beeime  a  mosqiie.      On   a   hiU  to 

^  Borth-weflt^  on  the    other  side   of  the 

vificT,  fitaads  a  ndned  square  stone  building, 

vm  the  BstiTes  call  IhuheU.    It  is  thirty 

feel  oeh  viy,  with  six  hidf  columns  on  eacn 

ade,  temanated  by  a  frieze,  cornice,  etc.    The 

ectsBDi  ire  three  feet  and  a  half  apart,  giying 

tdimeterof  two  &et  six  inches;  the  height 

B  tvcBtr-sx  feeL    It  is  solid  within,  and  the 

t90  ippon  to  have  tenninated  in  a  pyramidi- 

al  mi,  where,  no  donbt,  was  the  place  of 

Kpliare:    The  four  oomere,  not  the  sides, 

pt^  oit,  west,  north,  and  south.    On  the 

ade  to  the  north-east^  near  the  comer,  is  a 

Ciwk  iucripcion,  in   handsome  characters. 

Tbife  ii  likewise  a  Helirew  inscription. 

\jrijd  /SfiOi  The  well-known  town  of 

£«,  taoetttiy  Beremoe,  situated  at  the  N.  end 
if  AeW.gidf  of  the  Bed  Sea,  called  the  Gulf 
tf  Saez.  with  a  harbour.  This  gulf  was 
■pBited  fron  the  Meditemnean  by  the  irth- 
■■flf  the  Bsme  name,  120  miles  m  length, 
yfeh  ued  to  join  Asia  to  Africa ;  but  lately 
BTOf  heeo  cut  under  the  direction  of  M . 
J*  I'sepi,  tnd  oonTerted  into  a  good  canal, 
wMedtferraaean  and  the  Bed  Sea  are  united, 
nd  MTigition  haa  found  an  easy  and  short 
l^^ge  gom  Eoiope  to  India;  so  the  trade 
">twwi  Europe  and  India,  which  was  carried 
«a  llrDQ|h  Aleppo,  Bagdad,  and  Banorah, 
■itdu&iuither  eoune,  to  the  detriment  of 
ueOttoasa  Empire,  which  has  lost  animmense 
''^■tiS^  This  oconTenienee  can  be  remedied 
yjMiwfately  eonstraeting  a  railway  from 
^f^tiao^  or  from  Alexandretta,  to 
^PiAaid  Baaaorah,  to  secore  the  position  of 
^J^taan  Empire  as  the  keeper  of  the  key 
wwIafiairEnropean  trade.  If  the  ministers 
^«^erial  Majest]^  the  Sultan  neelect 
7*»ywttoi  naasnre,  in  a  few  years  all  the 
»«« if  X«^  Syrin  will  undergo  the  &te 


« 


of  Sidon,  Tyre,  Tortosa,  and  others  of  which 
nothing  remains  but  a  name  in  history,  and  an 
old  reputation  which  is  no  more. — Bztract 
from  "The  Syro-Mesopotamian  Railway." 

f\^  tthdm.  Lots.  Arrows,  either  for 
shooting  or  drawing  lota. 

j^  Mhar,  Sleeplessness. 
^1^  iuhrdn^  Watching,  sleepless. 
Jfy«  aahl,  A  plain  level  ooantr7,  soft  soil. 

JL^UaJl  JfMi  »ahl  antdkia,  The  Plain  of 

Antioch.  The  soil  of  this  plain  is  excellent, 
and  ia  very  suitable  for  tne  plantation  of 
mulberry  trees.  The  hills  on  the  side  of 
the  Orontes,  particularly  opposite  Serkin, 
abound  in  plantotions  of  ngs  and  oli?es,  yines, 
and  mulberry  trees,  which,  a  thing  uncommon 
in  Turkey,  are  planted  in  quineunx,  and  ex- 
hibit a  landscape  worthy  of  the  finest  country. 
This  mode  of  planting  in  quineunx^  ia  likewise 
in  use  amooff  the  Dmzes,  the  Itfaronites,  and 
the  Ansariyui. 

cliJl  (Jf.1  sM  ul  hekd^,  The  plain  situ- 
ated between  Lebanon  and  Anti-Lebanon, 
called  by  the  ancients  Ccele  Syria,  or  hollow 
Syria.  Thia  yalley,  by  collecting  the  water 
of  the  mountains,  has  been  rendered  continually 

ne  of  the  most  fertile  districts  of  all  Syria ; 

lut  the  mountains  concentrating  the  rays  of 
the  sun,  produce  likewise  a  heat  in  summer 
not  inferior  to  that  of  Egypt  The  air,  neyer- 
theless,  is  not  unhealthy,  no  doubt  because 
perpetually  renewed  by  the  north  wind,  and 
oecause  the  water  neyer  stajgnates.  The  in- 
habitants sleep  without  injury  upon  their 
terraces  in  the  open  air. 

f-^^  J^  saM  ul  kthlr  or  jJal  t  J^s^  JfM» 

tahl  jabal  uttur.  The  Great  Plain  or  tiie 
Plain  of  Mount  Tabor,  commonly  called 
the  Plain  of  Jesreel,  or  of  Esdraeion  (the 
Armagedon  of  the  Apocalypse),  was  the  most 
fertile  part  of  the  land  of  Canaan,  and  in  the 
distribution  made  by  Joshua,  fell  to  the  lot  of 
the  tribe  of  Isaacluir,  who  here  rejoiced  in 
their  tents  (Deut.  xxxiii.  18).  In  yarious 
parte  of  its  extended  surface,  some  of  the  more 
peacefully-inclined  Bedouin  tribes  are  to  this 
day^  seen  lining  under  tents  surrounded  by 
their  flocks.  Thus  did  the  patriarchs  of  old 
wander  with  their  cattle  amongst  the  towns 
and  yUlages  of  Canaan,  and  fed  them,  eyen  in 
the  most  populous  districts,  without  molesta- 
tion. In  the  first  ages  of  Jewish  history, 
as  weU  as  during  the  Boman  empire  and 
the  Crusades,  it  was  the  scene  of  many  a 
memorable  contest ;  and  perhaps  no  soil  nas 
eyer  been  so  saturated  with  human  ffore  as 
that  of  this  plain,  situated  at  the  foot  of  Mount 
Tabor.  Here  Barak  discomfited  Siaera  and 
his  chariots,  eyen  nine  hundred  chariots  of 
iron.  It  was  here  also  that  Josiah  fought 
against  Neco,  King  of  Egypt,  and  fell  by  the 
arrows  of  hds  antagonist.     Joeephus  often 


tr** 


(190) 


mentloiis  this  yery  remarkable  part  of  the 
Holy  Land,  and  always  under  the  appellation 
of  tlie  **  Great  Plain,"  and  under  tne  same 
name  it  is  also  mentioned  by  Eosebin^  and  by 
Jerome.  It  has  been  a  chosen  place  for  en- 
campment in  every  contest  catfried  on  in  this 
country,  from  the  dajn  of  Nebuchadonosor, 
King  of  the  Assyrians,  in  the  history  of  whose 
war  with  Arphazad  it  is  mentioned  as  the 
Great  Plain  of  Esdraelon,  until  the  march  of 
the  First  Napoleon  from  Egypt  into  Syria. 
Jews,  Gentiles,  Saracens,  Crosaders,  French, 
Egyptians,,  Persians,  Dnues,  Tork^  Arabs, 
and  warriors  out  of  every  nation  which  is 
under  heaven,  have  pitched  their  tents  in  the 
Plun  of  Esdraelon,  and  have  beheld  the 
various  banners  of  their  nations  wet  with  the 
dews  of  Tabor  and  Hermon. 

Jf.)  9uhel  (fern.  iL^),  'Easy. 

^  aahm  (pi.  j*lf-»),  An  arrow  for  shoot- 
ing or  for  drawing  lots. 

jf-»  sahu,   An    error,    fault,    mistake, 
blunder,  inadvertency.    Omission, 
t^  9akwan,  Xnadvertently. 

m^  iuhulatf  Facility,  ease,  gentleness. 
CL>^  gayy&t  (pi.  of  LS),  Sins, 
^L-»  Btydjy  A  thorn-hedge,  a  fence. 

^Urf  9ayyaky  A  traveller,  a  pilgrim. 
*^L-»,  Travelling,  a  journey,  a  voyage, 
a  pilgrimage.  SAe^\  ijp  ^J  ^-=-^1;^ 
.LJ1  Jubl  iAe,  dLftl^t  c: 


Lill  ijj  alj.  When  I  beheld  in  the 

midst  of  the  throng,  a  person  of  emaciated 
frame,  in  the  garb  of  a  traveller,  and  with  a 
•     plaintive  voice. 

if  jLm>  siyddat,  Lordship. 

^Um»  aayyar  (fem.   i;L-»),  Wandering, 
walking  much.    A  planet  or  planets. 

d^\^  saydeat,  Administration  of  justice. 

LLy*  tiydi,  A  scourge. 

jllrf  8iydk,  What  follows  in  a  sentence. 

The  grammatical  or  logical  construction  of  a 
phrase.    A  mode,  manner,  way. 

dJlI^  alydkat,  The  peculiar  handwriting 
used  in  the  finance  department. 

JII-.   sayydl   (fem.   iJL-),    Current, 

rapid,  flowing  like  a  torrent. 
^;U^,  The  river  Cydnus. 
^^j^Ui,  The  river  Jaxartes- 


Myyid,  A  lord«     The  titiies  of  t| 

chiefr  of  the  &mily  of  Kahomet,  deEcend 
from  All  and  his  daughter  Fatima, 


y^  X^  seyyid-sharff,  Are  titles  tak^ 

by  the  so-called  descendants  of  the  Prophi 
however  low  their  station.  Men  and  worn 
of  this  caste  often  contract  mairiages  wi 
persons  who  are  not  members  of  the  ud 
apd  as  the  titie  of  sheiif  is  inherited  fit 
either  the  father  or  the  mother,  the  nomi 
of  persons  who  enjoy  this  distinction  baa  ]\ 
come  very  consideraSle.  The  men  are  pri^ 
leged  to  wear  the  green  turban,  but  not  all 
them  do  so.  Many  of  the  women  wear  a  gra 
faoe-veiL 

**Xj.j  sayyidat,  A  lady,  a  jraicess,  0 
pecially  the  wife  or  daughter  of  a  Sayjid  1 

descendant  of  Ali.  JBJ\  y  ^Ul^.  l^ 

U  yUUi  Uj  ifjuJI  l^-V,  l^V,  J 

^jy^  ^  JJ^,  And  when  the  paper 


from  her  head.  Lady  Dunya  saw  iL  and  ui 
What  is  this  paper  f  ' 


i^jl^  ioyyidl,  My  lord.  X-JI  j^jJJ 

^  ci^^l  i;^  ajl  (^  jjli  ^ 


Then  approaching  the  man,  he  said  to  biz^ 


0  sheykn,  what  is  thy  occupation  P  0  d 
master,  answered  the  old  man,  I  am  a  fish^ 
man,  and  have  a  family  to  maintain;  aad| 
went  forth  from  my  house  at  noon,  and  baj 
remained  until  now,  but  God  hath  allotted  11 
nothing  wherewith  to  obtain  food  for  ^ 
household ;  therefore  I  have  hated  myself,  ti 
wished  for  death.  , 

ji^  sayr^  Motion,  change  of  place,  wa^ 
dering.  Jjji  ^j  IjL^li  ^  UJai  li 

IfJ^lil,  When  they  plunged  into  t^ 

sea,  they  ceased  not  in  their  oouiae  until  th| 
arrived  at  the  palace  of  Saleh,  where  thi 
entered;  and  hia  ^grandmother,  the  moth^j 
his  mother,  saw  him  as  she  sat,  snnoonded  1 
her  nearest  relatives. 

^^\;i^  tayardn,  Promenading,  walkiij 
about  for  pleasure. 


JS!*. 


(391) 


U 


c^- 


Ij^  ihrgt,  Dispoddon,  temperament, 
mon]i,  (^Qilitiefl.  Thye  general  tenor  of  a 
penoii'i  hfe  and  deedi. 

uLii  M)/,  A  sword,  scimitar,  sabre. 

«^1  iJUj  Jh^II  ^l7  J ,  Do  not 

think  ][OQintafe  from  a  fool  while  he  has  a 
swoidialiiiband. 

i^jif^  iiewta  (Italian),  Insurance. 
J--»  uyl,  Flowing.  A  torrent,  cmrrent, 
flni,  flood.  [The  idand  of  Oeylon. 

-  union,  Flowing  rapidly.     Stldn, 
Vj^  Snutrid  (Turkish  Distra),  A 

fortified  dty  of  Enropean  Turkey,  province  of 

fiol^;  capital— Sanjak,  on  the  Danube; 

int7-thr«mile»K.N.E.  of  Ruatchuk;  popu- 

UtioB  estimated  at  20,000.    The  town  is  ill 

lad  oat,  and  many  of  the  houses  are  in  ruins. 

Tbe  Qtidel,  sereral  moaqnea  and  public  baths, 

and  a  large  bonding  warehouse  and  custom- 

k£Q3e,a«tliechief  buildings.  The  inhabitants 

exchange  timber  and  catUe  with  the  Walla- 

chiau  kr  salt  and  hemp ;  but  their  trade  is 

net  of  DQch  consequence.    Near  the  city  are 

the  remains  of  some  fortifications  thrown  up 

dsiia;  the  Bynntine  Empire. 

r*r»^«yd,  Enchantment,  fascination, 

catoil  magic,  necromancy. 

'^;^  Tor  5!»a,  Mount  Sinai.  L^^ 

ItfrStnoj  The  Desert  of  Sina,  calledother- 
J«  the  Deort  of  Tib,  is  that  into  which 
Moaes  oondaeted  the  IsraeUtea,  and  kept  them 
f«  a  whole  generation,  to  initiate  them  in  the 
irt  of  var,  and  transform  a  multitude  of  ahep- 
tS  ^^  *  nation  of  oonquerors.  The  name 
jjf  B-Tih  aeema  to  hare  reference  to  their 
pt«y,  as  it  signifies  the  Country  of  Wander- 
^.  It  is  from  reading  Hebrew  books  and 
the  Sor'an  that  the  name  of  El-Tih  has  been 
prok  to  this  tract  by  the  Arabs.  They  also 
cmI  it  Beir-tur-Sina,  which  siimifiea  Gountnr 
of  Mofont  SinsL 

V^t-*  ^nub,  Sinope,  a  town  of  Asia 

^liwr;  population  10,600;  situated  on  a  low 
"fflrow  isthmus,  oonneeting  the  rocky  promon- 
Jory  tenaiBating  in  Cape  Ada  with  the  main- 
Isai  fieiitf  about  half-way  between  Constant 
toffle  and  Trebiiond,  and  occupying  an 
vvsiiced  position  on  the  southern  shore  of  the 
wxiae,  Sinope  is,  from  a  military  and  nayal 
P^t  of  riew,  of  great  importance.  Its  trade 
a  acoaadcnbk.  The  principal  exports  are 
™ff,  aalt,  cordage,  fish,  oil,  and  leeches. 

•-*;-•  ny*/, Swords.  *3UL-jJx-U J 
yiiytfll  c-^Uj  C;U,  Then  he  caUed 


out  to  his  young  men,  and  said :  0  young  men , 
take  the  head  of  this  young  wretch.  So  they 
took  their  swords,  ana  drew  them,  and  sought 
to  slay  him,  but  he  turned  his  back  in  fliSit, 
seeking  the  gate  of  the  palace ! 

J^«^  suifUl,  Toxrent^  inundations. 


U^  iAln,  The  thirteenth  letter  of  the 

Arabic  a^habet.    It  denotes  300  in  arith- 
metic,  and  is  the  abbremture  for  the  month 

^^L*A  sha^han,  and  the  word  JUj« 
thimal.  The  north. 

U  shd  or  *\J^  tha'a,  (Qod)  wills  (in  the 

adverbial  locution  dJJl  'Ll  ^1  in  shd 

Alia,  If  God  wills,  God  willing ;  used  instead 
of  the  English  terms — I  hope,  Xet  us  hope). 

c-jLi»  shah,  A  young  man.    c-^LfiJI  JUi 

^,^  C^l.  ^js:\  ^UjJl  cl<U  Ij 

Cxujia^,  And  the  young  man  said : 

0  Ein»of  the  Age,  dost  thou  know  the  dis- 
tance that  is  between  thee  and  thy  city  ? 

j^U»  ShdpUr,  King  of  Persia,  called  by 

the  Romans  Sapores,     This  prince  defeated 
and  took  prisoner  the  Emperor  Valerian. 

i\j^  shdi,  A  sheep. 

^IjijjUi  thddrawdn,  An  artificial  foun- 
tain, ajet  d'eau.  A  Persian  word,  generally 
anplied  to  a  fountain  or  jet  d'eau  with  pieces 
of  glass,  or  ^lass  bells,  which,  being  put  in 
motion  by  the  water,  produce  a  constant 
tinkling. 

fmjJj\J^  shdrib,  A  drinker. 
rj\^  shdrih,  A  commentator. 

J,Li    shdrid  (fem.   shdridat),   Flying, 

fugitive.  [A  beginner.   Making  laws. 

^ll  9hdr%^,  A  highway,  a  straight  road. 

jjUi  ihdrtk,  The  sun  rising, 
^M>Ll  $hds*^,  Distant^  separate. 
^Lmi  shdiA,  Tangibs. 

Jb\J^  thdtl,  The  bank  of  a  river. 

j^\j^  sha^r,  A  poet.   ^\  uJU*l  JUJ 


Xjl 


(192) 


^l& 


^^^c^^*  And  he  said:  I  fear  that 

he  may  be  awake ;  and  the  poet  has  said,  I 
loTed  her  when  her  qnalities  were  described, 
for  sometimes  tiie  ear  loTeth  before  the  eye. 

J^L2»  $hd^,  One  kindling  a  firc^ 

^\Ji»  9hdfi^,  An  adYOcate. 

_jt3L2»  8haf^,  One  of  the  chie&  of  the 
*  four  principal  sects  of  the  Mahometan  religion. 

^U»  shdfi  (fern.  ^l2i)i  Healing,  aalu- 
tary.     ^^Ll  i^\<fr  j^^^^  *^A  ^ 


categorical  answer. 

Jll  Bhdhk  (fern,  ol&),  Difficult, 
troublesome,  disgiisting,  perplexing. 

J\JL9h&hit  (part.).  Celebrating,  praising, 
thanking.    GratefuL 

^Lmi  ah&hif  A  lamenter,  complainer. 

JL2«  9hdlf  A  shawl,  merino.  Cashmere 
shawL 

f\li  shSm,  Damascus,  Syria.  The  history 
of  past  times  strongly  presented  itself  to  my 
thoughts.  I  called  to  mind  those  distant  ages 
when  twenty  celebrated  nations  inhabited 
Sjria — ^that  great  nursery  and  cradle  of  man- 
kind. I  pictured  to  myself  the  Assyrian  on 
the  banks  of  the  Tieris,  the  Chaldfloan  on  those 
of  the  Euphrates,  the  Persian  whose  power  ex- 
tended from  the  Indus  to  the  Mediterranean. 
I  enumerated  the  kingdoms  of  Damascus  and 
Idumea,  of  Jerusalem  and  Samaria,  and  the 
warlike  states  of  the  Philistines,  and  the  com- 
mercial republics  of  Phoenicia.  This  Syria, 
said  I  to  myself,  now  almost  depopulated,  then 
contained  a  hundred  flourishmg  cities,  and 
abounded  with  towns.  Tillages,  and  hamlets 
(According  to  Joeephus  and  otrabo,  there  were 
in  Syria  twelve  milium*  of  touls,  and  the  traces 
that  remain  of  culture  and  habitation  confirm 
the  calculation.)  Everywhere  one  might  haTC 
seen  cultiratea  fields,  frequented  roads,  and 
crowded  habitations.  Ah!  what  has  become 
of  those  ages  of  abundance  and  of  life  P  What 
has  become  of  so  many  productions  of  the 
hand  of  man  P  Where  are  those  ramparts  of 
Nineveh,  those  walls  of  Babylon,  those  palaces 
of  Persepolis,  those  temples  of  Balbec  and  of 
Jerusalem  P  Where  are  those  fleets  of  Tyre, 
those  dockyards  of  Arad  and  Or&osia,  which 
is  now  mistaken  for  Tarsis  P  Where  are  those 
workshops  of  Sidon,  and  that  multitude  of 
mariners,  pilots,  merchants,  and  soldiers  P 
Where  are  those  husbandmen,  those  harvests, 
that  picture  of  animated  nature  of  which  the 
earth  seemed  proud  P  Alas !  I  have  traversed 
this  desolate  country ;  I  have  visited  the  places 
that  were  the  theatre  of  so  much  rolendour, 
and  I^  have  beheld  nothing  but  sohtnde  and 
desertion !  I  looked  for  these  ancient  people 
and  their  work,  and  all  I  ooold  find  waa  a 


faint  trace,  like  that  which  the  foot  of  a 
senger  leaves  on  the  sand  I    The  temples 
thrown  down,  the  palaces  demoUshed,  the  p 
filled  up,  the  towns  destroyed,  and  the 
strippea  of  its  inhabitants : — ^it  seems  a  i 
burymg-place  1  Great  Gk)d!  from  whence 
ceea  such  melandioly  revolutions  P    For 
cause  is  the  fortune  of  these  oonntries 
strikingly  chanj^edP    Whv  are  so  many 
destroycMl  P    Why  is  not  tnat  ancient  po; 
tion  reproduced  and  perpetiiated  P 

Lt\J^  thdnuUf  A  black  mole. 

(j:..^\jL  ihdmit,  Bejoicing  at  ano 

^ll  thdmikh  (fem.  Xsr^l^),  SubU 

high,  exalted, lofty, proud.  ^\J^ 
A  high  mountain. 

J.^Ly»  shdmil,  Comprehending,  con 
ing,  surrounding,  universal. 

^Ll  Shdmij  A  Syrian,   a  citizen 

Damascus.  The  appellation  of  Esh-ehii 
which  is  riven  to  both  the  country  of  Sjrii  si 
its  capitu  Damascus,  hj  the  natives,  is  sQ 
posed  by  them  to  be  derived  frt>m  the  naowj 
Shem,  the  son  of  Noah ;  others  think  ti) 
Bar-el-«ham  means  the  country  of  the  lo 

from  its  contrast  with  that  of  the  ^ 

Taman  (Arabia  Felix),  or  the  country  of  i' 
right  (hand). 

^U»  sh&n,  A  thing,  an  affair,  bosinea 

Nature,  constitution,  habit,  desire,  diapositiG 
State,   condition,   dignity,   equality,  degn 

L«^  lIXjLSa  Utj  clCaMil  ts  ^^^a.sf^\  \^ 

ijy>ai\,  0  thou  person,  what  is  t] 

name,  and  what  is  thjr  nature,  and  what  I 
placed  thee  here  in  this  manner  P 

2fl2i  shdih,  A  king,  a  sorereign,  an  ei 
peror,  a  monarch,  a  prince  (of  Persia). 

jXUb\J^  shah  bandar,  The  shabender,  t 

receiver-general  of  duties,  tributes.  A  Pm 
consul. 

JUblja  thdhid,  A  witness,  an  eje-witne 

Xcjc^  JJhLl  (or  J jU  JJbUi),  A  w 
ness  of  veracity. 

j;jbU»  9hdhtk,'Slgh  (moontain).  A^^ 

ijjj  tX>.3  L/^J  'j^  ^  cT*  '^^  s 

^\  JyLA\  iJ^>  And  by  its  side 

^reat  mountain,  very  high ;  no^one  ooold 
its  summit  by  reason  of  its  excessive  hetj 
and  no  one  had  the  power  to  ascend  it. 


tr 


(193) 


cjU  lb  tkdh  mat,  Checkmate  at  chess. 
r,l:j^l^  ihdkinthdh,  The  king  of  kings, 

lord  of  lords.      ^luLUbll    Bojal, 
pnnedy,  Booardiical. 
jJ^ll  Mbtf  A  royal  white  Moon. 

i^ll  t%a,  Onj-haixed. 

c?^  doffikt,  A  semblance,  small  tino- 

taR,kKtcppeaniioe. 
^ll  i%ib,  Dimlgedy  published,  pro- 

^  iW,  Alam.  - 

v'^iWdi,  Tooth.    c-jLiHJ^, 

r^  Mat,  A  Syro-Macedonian  month 
(oBBpoiidia^  to  FebniATy). 

vJ"^  liUidl  (pi.  of  iC^),  Nets, 

Jli^  liMiii  (pi.  cLCjLI  t;b3<iaa), 

^^^V^-^j*^  *=^^  ''^V  *-l  tV' 

•^  she  took  aa  apple,  and  threw  it  apon  him ; 
tt  lie  rated  hia  hod,  and  beheld  the  daughter 
<^  the  vezeer  at  the  window.       [young  men. 

/r^  tkiUa»  (pL  of  S-?l^),  Youth, 

^  Mak,  An  object  indistinctly  seen  at 

adistance.  A  phantom.  ^Lllll<Ui.4>iJ\ 
'ikUmtattlmkiaJk,  The  FiTe  Fhaatoma  of  the 

RligioiioftheAnsaiiah,  andnotXuuMtbS^l 

^'^H  al  Uamatul  athydkh,  The  Fire 
£^  aa  IB  ToL  L  of  <' Alif  Laila,"  Calcntto 

c;- i^U  J|i  JUyt  u^  ^^1 


Phantoma  delirer  me,  and  to  her  who  haa 
afflicted  me  with  Ioto  tranafer  mj  angniah! 
For  then  ksoweat  that  I  am  aoffenng  a  burn- 
ing flame,  and  my  beloyed  haa  oppreaaed  me, 
and  will  not  haye  compaaaion  on  me !  How 
long  ahall  I  feel  tenderly  to  her  io  mj  afflic- 
tion, and  how  long  ahall  ahe  tyrannize  oyer 
my  weakneaa!  I  wander  in  agoniea  never 
ending,  and  find  not  a  peraon,  0  my  lord,  to 
aaaiat  me !  Often  I  wish  I  conld  be  patient  in 
loying  her ;  but  how  could  I  be  patient  whilst 
loye  has  conaumed  my  patience  P  0  thou  who 
doat  decline  to  grant  to  my  loye  the  pleasure 
of  an  interriew,  feareat  thou  not  the  adyersi- 
tiea  and  ealamitiee  of  time  and  fortune  P  Art 
thou  not  enjoying  the  happiest  life,  whilst  I, 
for  thy  loye,  am  Buffering  m  a  foreign  country 
idl  kinds  of  priyationa,  far,  far  away  firom  my 
home,  frienda,  and  reUtiona  P 

Bhabr^  Measuring  with  the  span, 
Shihr^  A  span,  a  palm.  jM\jm>ai. 
Of  a  compact  body.  l1^L«  b  ^  i^iuJU  ^i 


then  aaid  to  him :  0  Ein^  of  the  Age,  blame 
not  my  father  for  that  which  he  haa  done.  If 
the  meaaure  of  thy  loye  for  me  be  a  apan,  that 
of  my  loye  for  thee  ia  a  cubit. 

ipmI  thal^,  Satiety.     tLa>-li  j^l  ij\  m) 
Afterwards  he  gave  them 

ordera  to  bring  tables  of  the  richest  yiands,  com- 
prising dishes  of  eyery  kind;  and  the  king 
ate,  and  put  moraela  into  her  mouth  until  ahe 
waa  aatisned. 

^U^  Bhah^an,  Full,  satisfied.  Satiated. 
\1  ^-  "•  tihabk.  Net- working. 
SLJ^  shahalsat  or  shahaiah,  A  fishing-net, 
anet-work.    ^j^  j^\  ^\  ^fTji 


ij\  J  CLJJ^\ 


W- 


Ji^3 


^jji\  J-i5  J^ift^  J^*3JMtf ,  So  he  went 

again  to  the  riyer  and  cast  in  his  net,  and, 
haying  waited  till  it  sank,  drew  the  cords,  and 
dragged  back  the  net,  and  there  came  up  in  it 
a  cheat,  locked  and  heayy. 

13 


u^ 


(194) 


J^  MM,  The  wbelp  of  a  lion  or  other 
beast  of  prey.    J  *  i^j  dL^I  \aJ^ 

^,^«^j^-^  Ifia:*'  •JjpljjjljMll 

Then  follow  my  gnidaneo,  and  h«ed  m j  beliert, 
aod  welcome  mj  coumel  Id  proTitrba  oipreat ; 
nnce  none  can  inherit  a  ricW  beqneal,  than 
ths  maiimi  lad  mle*  that  thf  sire  hu  pro- 
fcst;  the  Iceioni  that  iriadom'i  infallible  teat 
haTS  proTcd  to  he  poreat,  and  brighteat,  and 
best  Se  wiie  like  thy  father,  tlut  all  may 
attest  and  protest  thee  the  lion  of  Uonlika 

offspring  ponaat.  [AlOTD. 

Aw  thibh.  Like,  reeembling.     Bhabht, 

A|^  »hihkat  (pi.  uljU^),  Doubt,  am- 

bigoity,  auipicion.  An  ohacnra,  donbtAil  point. 

jkt^l  i.::-^^!  if^l, 'Doubt  la  sister  of 

the  unlawful.  X4ilclt  Jjl«f«iJ1,  Doubt 


^'ffit  thahirtat,  The  godmother. 

4;uM  *hah^h,  Alike,  resembling. 

u^  »hiis,  "Winter. 

aCm  ihattAm,  A.  supercilious  man. 

t*fW  ^J^  ihatlUna  iagitahuma,  There 
ia  a  great  difference  between  then. 

^i^  thaim.  Contumely,  contempt,  out- 

'   rago,  Teproacb,  Tillany. 

i^f-it  thatvil,  Winterly, 

4jji^  iltatatetya.  The  seed-time  of  the 
winter  crop,  which  takes  place  throughoat 
Byria  only  at  the  time  of  the  autumnal  rains, 
or  toward  the  end  of  October.  The  time  of 
>   the 


the  HoDian,  thoy  reap  their  wheat  and  barley 
from  the  raid  of  April  throoKh  the  whole 
ince  toward 
IB,  the  har- 
roly. 
e,  Tariotts. 


reproach, 
bravery, 


he  wai  incompamble  amonr  the  people  of  hi 
time  in  glory,  Minragc,  and  in  jutue  to  di 
people. 
iyc-'  thajarat,  One  tree,     ^j  Mj  Ul 
^Ic  ijwji  UL-oy  5;j«^l  yxT  t^ 

Jji\  [fi^  Ui^  \^^\  Ja:j  »y>r  ep 

Aj^\  1<J^  And  when  he  had  laid  him 
•elf  down,  he  tnmed  up  hia  eve*  towatdi  tt 
tree,  and  hia  eye  met  that  of  Johanh  ;  ao  t 
looked  at  her  and  aaw  her  to  be  like  (he  moo 
when  it  ihineth. 

^jlur'  ih^^an,  A  brave  or  athleti 
nun-    A  hero. 

^JJK^  sAHrOit  (pL  of  ^J^  not  uaed' 
Different  way  of  aolntion,  relation,  or  ezplai 
ation;  in  ^^^jiJ  %i-»htjiti,  Diffe 
ently  explained  by  different  people  (a  traditios 

^jec^ihtjl  (fern,  i^^),  Anxioos,  vexec 


bs->  tkajl^  firare,  intrepid,  bold. 
f^  »hih,   j\s^  thahah,  and  i>-U- 


[talloi 

*£^  ihahm,  Tallow.     Zt^,  A  bit  • 
i^jsr'  ihahn.  Filling  a  veBBel,Ioading  a  shi } 

ij.xf'  ihahnah,  A  viceroy,  a  vio^eren 

a  repreaentatiTe,  an  ambaimdar. 
ftyaA  {pi.  of -K^),  Tallows. 
^^xt"    thahlh,    Covetous.       A    mise 

Greedy  aad  &*aricioni. 
j^^,  thakhr,  Breylng,  snivelling,  gmn 

iog,  makJng  *  noiie  thiongh  the  noae  or  throi 
^Jex^  »h(diht,  A  person,  body,   indii 

dual,  any  figure  appearing  black  at  a  diatan 

*1*j1  A\  ^J,\  jJ  ^li.  And  u  tb 
were  proceeding  one  day,  they  came  to  a  pil 
of  black  atone,  wherein  waa  ■  peraon  *unk 

^-i-"  thalchlr,  Snivelling,  braying,  snorii 

>xl  f^mM,  Binding,  itrengtheDing,  est) 

lisbing,  confirming,  corroborating,  u; 


'4^1 


-S^^'- 


(my 


®^eii 


<j* 


•      4 


'Pou  J 


it 


y^^  ongbt  to  abstain  fiomoommifctii 

^'  <^j  .JLo;  Jl^  ^L  ^ 


^di 


^^ 


to 


ilk 


ooe 


^d 


^eisit," 


otfiwt 


es 


<iJl 


a^ 


®iice 


JA4 


**«rj?rC*  i. 


^y**A 


^j 


:^^'^'  5ir\^'^»i;; 


5-1., 


•^o^e^-' 


'^i. 


^*o|, 


^«<i8t 

/orce, 
action; 

And 

for 


Ui 


c?.   /      f^I^^^A  *^«'K^re»  to  the  practice  of  coi 
*  '      Zn  ^'^^.f^"?^'  reIiiMini«h  eWl  and  op 
I   ^*^°'^0'itwilIbepleainttothyU&. 

-^  *^»rc?.  Baying,  purchase.  e^Jjei 

A^,  If  thou  wilt  do  80,  I  will  ] 

drS?®  9^^  ^®®  whatever  oometh  up  for  a  \ 
'^^a  pieces  of  gold. 

•  j^  sharab.  Wine  or  any  beren 
<J><»^lc-->]^,  Syrup  of  rooU.  cJL^^Ij 
""^rahat.  Syrups.     JM^  «Aard^ 

^"fiakerofsjrrups.  \3L«j^  lljb  l-j 

J^*i«k  the    wine,  and  enjoy  healtk; 
wiM  oererag^  is  a  remeay  for  diseai 

'^drat  Cl>l.^\^),A8parkof 


'J]A 


'  the*- 

*OlTo 


M^, 


S*** 


Of 


of  the 


ve- 


forthwith  T^^'^-iT^^*^*  ^  have  commande< 
*»^  at  thL  JT^—.  l>i»^m  thee  with  my  fin 
*^«.  tom^^f^^*^"*ctive  sparks,  and  8 
^^^  an  exSn^i  ^^'  «> ver  the  deserts,  ni 
Pa«ser-by.^^*^®    *^^     *la.e  stationary  and 


ITBS 


UI 


'^'V. 


f  of  «  bo^r  or 
muohielk. 


■greementa, 


^"ktd- 


A^oJV 


of  a  ship, 
io^  instrument. 

rship. 
ny. 

itions,    eom] 
»-     Laws. 

,),  The 

imbibing-  < 

CO.  ljy,y. 


<196) 


the  kjjuid  are  foud,  onoag  ▼arioas  frmts, 
what  I  mij^t  hare  caioi,  mai  I  ndghi  have 
dmnk  4»f  lia  riven;  b«l  in  this  plaee  an 
neither  trees  nor  fruki  nor  riren ! 

^^  shmrhaif  Sherbet,  syiup  ;  a  berer- 

age,  a  drangfat,  a  dose,  a  medicine ;  one  drink 
or  ap.    A  csthartif,  or  pnrgatiTe  mf^tiwiM, 

4jjJL  thmrhat,  A  draught  of  water. 

^.j^  9har^,  A  tzee,  from  which  flows 

liquid  pitch;  the  larch«  vhenoe  eomes  the 
agarie;  also  aaothar  thomj  tree;  beriMris; 
the  diteh  bur. 

^JL  »kmrh^  Explanation^  interpretation, 
oommentnj,  paraphrase.    ~ 


\ 


\ 


on. 


^.l^ 


cr*  Lr?^  MjjL^y  i.jo^  ^ 

1  Jllal,  I  saw  daring  that  voysge 


I 


I 


I 


I 


man  J  wonderfiil  and  strapee  things,  such  that, 
if  I  related  them  to  jon,  £e  description  would 
be  too  long. 

A^jJti  iharhah,  A  slice  of  meat. 

l^JjJ^  ihenUms,  A  body  of  people,  troop. 

^/t*j^  shari,  Hard,  rong^  Sharta,  Of  a 
bad  disposition. 

jffjJ^  short,  A  condition,  agreement,  com- 
|WGt,  conyention,  paction,  relation,  stipola- 
•  tion,  limitation,  clanse,  restnction. 

tJojJL  shortly  ConditionaL 

cj«  shor^  Law,  justice,  equity.  Making 

or  prescribing  laws.  9j^^  ^\  ^ 
jndge,  an   asBSssor  to   a  jadge,  a   lawyer. 

U^,  Judicially,  lawfully,  legally. 

^jJ^  shar^.  Legal,  just. 

4kJ^  shoraf.  Nobility^  dignity,  honour, 

glory,  grandeur,  excellency.    An  eminence. 
li-i  shurafd   (pL   of  c-i^    »^rf/), 

Prinoes,noblelord8,deBoendedfrom  Mohammed. 
lijJ^  shurfah,  The  gallery  of  a  minaret. 
J^  ihork,  Bising  (as  the  sun).     The 

east.  Sr^'j  J/^^>  The  east  and  west. 

^jJ^  A  short  surrey  of  the  map  of 

the  East.    That  narrow  coast  that  yon  behold 

in  the  map,  bordered  by  the  sea  on  one  side, 

^'^  by  a  ridffe  of  monntaintf  on  the  other, 

^  abode  of  the  PhcBaidan  nations. 


There  stood  ti&e  powerihl  dtijesof  Tyre,  Sidoi 
Ascalf,  Gaia,  and  Berytns.  This  stream  ( 
water,  which  does  not  seem  to  discbtfg 
itsdf  into  any  sea,  Is  the  Jordan ;  and  Hbt 
banen  rocks  were  formerly  the  scene  of  ti 
most  memorable  erents.  nene  yon  fiod  U 
desert  of  Horeb  and  the  Hill  •f  Siiuii,  whe 
the  Great  LcigisLator  gaye  birth  to  institotioi 
whidi  have  exerdsed  so  mooh  infloence  fipc 
the  histonr  of  mankind.  Upon  the  barn 
strip  of  land  which  borders  this  desert  t( 
see  no  loi^ger  any  trace  of  splendour;  si 
yet  hcare  was  formerly  the  magasine  of  tl 
world.  Heoe  was  the  jport  «f  Eloth,  on  ti 
shore  of  the  Bed  Sea,  m  the  land  of  £dofl 
and  on  the  banks  of  the  EnjphratcB  the 
exist  1^  to  the  present  time  the  remsinc 
the  fbfrtified  town  and  Castle  of  Hesion-jatK 
or  HQsn|aber,  as  it  is  pronounced  in  Aiabi 
and  which  means  the  Castle  of  Jabt 
from  wheoce  the  fleets  of  the  Phcenicia: 
and  the  Jews,  without  coasting  the  peni: 
«Dla  of  Arabia,  pnrsned  their  Yoya^ 
the  Persian  Gulf^  and  imported  from  then 
the  pearls  of  HsTila  and  the  gold  of  Sal 
nnd  Ophir.  It  was  here,  on  the  side  of  Omi 
and  Bahrain,  that  existed  the  site  of  that  ma| 
nifioent  and  Inxnnons  commerce,  which,  a 
was  transplanted  from  conntry  to  connfi 
decided  the  fote  of  ancient  nations,  fiith 
were  brought  the  v^etable  aromstks,  a 
the  precions  stones  of  Ceylon,  the  shxn 
of  Cashmere,  the  diamonds  of  Golcoada,  tl 
amher  of  the  Maldives,  the  mask  of  Thib* 
the  aloes  of  Cochin,  the  apes  and  the  pea£oc 
of  the  continent  of  India,  the  incense  of  Ha 
ramnt,  the  myrrh,  the  ^ver,  the  gold  du 
and  the  ivory  of  Africa.  From  hence  «< 
exported,  sometimes  br  the  Black  Sea,  in  shj 
of  E^Tpt  and  Syria,  uose  conunodities,  wm 
constituted  the  opulence  of  Thebes,  Siik 
Memphis,  and  Jerusalem;  sometimes  ascendi 
the  coarse  of  the  Tigris  and  the  Euphiaii 
they  awakened  the  activiu  and  the  ari^ 
of  the  Assyrians,  the  Medea,  the  Chaldeti 
and  the  Persians ;  and  aooording  as  ther  ^1 
used  or  abased,  cherished  or  oTertomea  th 
wealth  and  prosperity.  Hence  gjew  op  1 
magnifioenoe  of  reisepolis,  of  which  yon  a 
obwrre  the  mouldering  columns  of  Ecbatai 
whose  serenfold  walls  are  leTelled  with  I 
earthy  of  Babylon,  the  ndns  of  which  I 
trodden  under  the  feet  of  men;  of  Xinevi 
whose  name  seems  to  be  threatened  with  ^ 
same  oblirion  that  hasoTeotaken  its  gteatne 
of  Thapsacus,  of  Anatho,  of  Gezra,  and 
the  melancholy  and  memorable  Palmyra. 

_i^    shorii   (fern.   ^j^)f    Orient 

Eastern.    Sunny,  exposed  to  the  sun. 
C^jJ^  ^orokf  A  snare.    _5  kz.^j  *> 


i\  If^  cXwr.  ^  Uj  4/ jc^  Lz:j 


d, 


(197) 


s/Sr* 


o> 


^Xa  If  ill««y  I  hare  Mien  into 

ti»  oare  of  tfar  Io?8^  and  become  of  tiie  num- 
ber of  thf  fielma.  The  lore  tlut  thoa  hadit 
is  Umferred  to  me,  and  lliere  remaine  not 
ngfai  of  it  w^  thee,  uTe  ae  much  as  th« 
teidiipBtcif  whttlhaTel 

^J*  ikkif  Hie  sin  of  professing  that 
GodiBiiioiebBthasavodatea.  Poljtheiam. 

l^-S,  dmkd  (pL  ci  u^J^),  Asso- 

(pL   iZjl^jJL   iharakat)r 
Sodetf,  eonpiay,  partDenhip,  communication, 

putiqpitioD.  X^\  «W«X>^  cAj^  ^/^ 

VU! I  L.yui\ ,  ihiriai  tank  haHdul 

^tilmumifah  aifttruti^ah.  The  ^neral 

etnanj  of  the  Indian  Bailway  through  the 

f^ltrtta  YaQej.     If  the*  capitalistB  who 

ve  to  beooBe  ihaiefaolden  hare  a  British 

pnotoe,  imsienie  fonds  can  be  got  not  only 

ia£8mpe,bBt  inthe  £ast  also.    And  if  the 

«3^sttj  ndertake  to  colonize  the  country, 

sad  the  Ottoman  Goveniment  grant  certain 

«iTia^gei  tad  oriTilegea  to  the  com^y  in 

^To«  ad  OB  benalf  of  the  settlers,  an  infinite 

Ksaber  of  rich  European,  Indian,  Turkish, 

fai  BjriaB  fiunilieB  will  hasten  to  come  and 

^^tfaemielTw  under  the  beautiM  skies  of 

Siiis  nd  Mewpotemia,  and  there  will  ther 

^^^Rue  tiieir  good  influence.    Not  only  wiU 

tie  t«o  odes  ^  the  main  railway  be  coTcred 

^  lev  towns,  bat  also  thoae  towns  which 

St  now  dead,  like  Antab,  Antioch,  Idlib, 

Litabi,  Txxpoli,  Suedia,  Horns,  Hama,  Sur, 

ad  Styda,  will  reoeiTe  new  life,  and  will 

^^  MBone  eooneeted  with  the  main  rail- 

nj.    Ib  this  way,  when  the  line  between 

^mdietta  and  the  Persian  Gulf  is  opened 

*4  tnffic,  other  lines  will  be  added,  that 'from 

^  Pcnaa  Gulf  to  India,  as  well  as  thai 

^  ilexaadietta  to    Constantinople   and 

nenoa.   5ot  only  all  Syria,  but  ako  a  great 

?^tioa  of  Alia  aad  Afiiea,  especially  Egypt, 

^W eofered  wiUi  new  lines  connected  with 

tK  uiii  nmte,  lo  as  to  form  but  one  network  of 

^>^!i,  like  those  in  Europe.  All  the  nations 

^tiKenthwiU  be  then  fike  one  familr,  its 

sxabos  being  tied  to  eadi  other  wilih  the 

^  <if  kyre  and  fraternity.    And  thos  will  be 

^^Hie  holy  teit  which  says:  '< In  that 

^«Mlftere  be  a  highway  out  of  Egypt  to 

^^V^  aad  the  Assyrian  shall  eome  into 

£f7K  sad  the  %yptaan  into  Aaiyria,  and  the 

^^??^  ihaU  serre  with  the  Aasyrians.    In 

^^  dun  Israel  be  the  Oiird  with  £g^ 

^  vim  Amyxia,  even  a  blessing  in  the  nudst 

^  had:  whom  the  Lord  of  Hosto  shaU 

^  HTOg,  BleaKd  be  Effypt  my  people, 

^  ^fTiia  die  work  of  my  nands,  ana  Israel 

^  iakritiaoe."   (Uah  xiz.  23,  24,  25). 

^I^ztnct  from  ^'Tbe  Syro-Mesopotamian 


^jL  iharm,  Splitting,  cleaviDg,  cutting 

slightly.    Fiwnres  in  the  noae. 
iMjJ^ihumuiat  (pLc^Uj^and  j;j  \jJ^  ), 

The  cone  or  clue  of  a  silkworm.   A  cocoon. 
JljjJ*  «^anrd/,  Prawers,  trousers. 

^^j^  iharltb,  Water  neither  salt  nor 
sweet    Drinkable. 

-j^  shuruh  {pi.  of  ^^),  Explana- 
tions, commentaries ;  rudiments,  dements. 

Jjj^  iharod,  Flying,  being  terrified. 

j^jJ^  ihurnr  (pi. J--),  Iniquities,  evils. 

ki^  «Atirii^,  Conditions.  Seel?^.  S^j^^ 

}^\dy^^,  The  aitides  and  oonditions 

of  peace. 
9^j^  shuru^f  A  beginning,  commence- 
ment, onset,  attack ;  entering.    To  commence, 

to  undertake.    ^  ^j  J  ^^j^  /^ 

And  he  ordered  his  ministers  ef  state  to  pre- 
pare themselves  for  the  journey,  and  to  get 
ready  his  lu^|[age,  and  everything  that  might 
be  required  in  such  a  circumstance,  and  ao- 
eoidingly  they  commenced  the  preparations. 

\^  ^  c^^-^  ^^  "^-^  "^  T* 


\ 


cr*  - 


^c: 


^■. 


jlsIjuU 


\^Jl»A\  ,  Then  I  began  to  weep 

and  wail  for  myself  until  vexation  overpowered 
me ;  and  I  blamed  mvself  for  that  which  I 
had  done,  and  for  my  having  undertaken  the 
voyage  and  fatigue. 

jjl^  *Aiir«it,  Bising  (the  sun). 

ZjL  thari^,  Desire,  aridity,  gluttony. 

t^^j^  shirpdn,  A  tree  of  which  bows 
are  made.    An  artery. 

f^j^  9harth  or  <&a^2/^9  An  oblong  slice 
^of  meat.  [Wicked- 

j  J«   thirrir,   A  worthless    scoundreL 

iLxj^  fhari^tf  Law,  justice.    ^^mJ^ 

Athshart^ah,  The  Arabs  call  the  river  Jordan 
hy  tiiis  name ;  they  do  not  make  use  of  the 
name  Urdun,  or  Nahr-el-urdun,  which  is  used 
in  the  Bible  and  in  other  books.  The  breadth 
of  Ihe  Jordan  between  the  two  principal  lakes 
is  between  sixty  and  eighty  feet;  butitsdept^ 


I 


(198) 


18  ahont  ten  or  twehe.  In  winter  it  OTerflowB 
its  narrow  channel,  and,  swelled  by  the  rauu, 
forms  a  sheet  of  water  sometimes  a  quarter  of 
a  leagne  broad.  The  time  of  its  OTerflowing 
IB  generally  in  March,  when  the  snows  melt 
on  the  mountains  of  the  Anti-Lebanon,  at 
which  time  its  waters  are  troubled,  and  of  a 
yellow  hue,  and  its  course  is  impetuous.  .  Its 
banks  are  covered  with  a  thiok  forest  of  reeds, 
willows,  and  Tarious  shrubs,  which  serve  as  an 
asylum  for  wild  beasts  and  different  kinds  of 
birds* 

v^^  %haifif^  Noble,   eminent,   holy. 

A  nobleman,  a  gentleman  (especially  the  de- 
scendants of  Manomet) ;  the  prince  or  sheriff 
of  Mecca. 

^^Sjjli  sharll,  A  partner  in  trade,  a 
companion,  an  associate,  an  accomplice. 

kl«Aa^,  The  bank  of  a  river.  i^yi\\iJi> 

shatui  larab,  That  part  of  the  Eupluates  and 
Tigris  united  and  running  together  nrom  Koma 
down  to  the  Persian  Ou&. 

^Lk^  shatdrai,  Alacrity,  ability.    f^\^ 

Verily  I  re^^ard  this  breach  as  a  snare ;  and  the 
vroverb  saith  on  this  subject :  Caution  is  the 
half  of  cleverness.  Caution,  therefore,  reouires 
me  to  examine  this  breach,  and  to  see  if  I  can 
find  there  any  snare  that  may  lead  to  perdition 
and  destruction. 

JaJi»  thatr,  The  half  or  part  of  a  thing. 
The  two  fore  or  the  two  hinder  teats  of  a 
camel    One  side  or  pari 

^JoJi»  shairanj,  Chess. 

]nViti  shatat,  Injostice,  oppression,  excess. 
Falsehood,  a  lie. 

j\mJ^  M^dr,  A  distinctive  mark  or  sign. 

^\^  sha^dc.  Light,  splendoiir,  lastre, 

array.  yj,^^i^\  clbl,  The  rays  of  the 

sun.    ^U^,EadiaL   Lc\*Jii  ^jbS^, 

Badial  lines,  radii. 

^^U-1  shu^dyir^  Signs,  symhols.  The 
public  service,  or  a  panegyric  on  God  and  the 
prophet  performed  at  Mecca ;  a  symbol  of  obe- 
dience to  God.  Any  animal  sacrificed  or 
offered  in  a  gift. 

k^  x*  Ml  ^ha^h  (pi.  Cjj^),  People,  a 
nation.  A  laige  and  noble  tribe,  distinguished 
by  the  fame  of  their  founder ;  also  abranch 
m>m  sueh  a  tribe. 


^wMM   sha^dn,    The  eighth  Anbiaa 
month.    A  man's  name. 


ihm^at,   The  hranoh  of  a  tree. 

Ramification.  Derivation.  A  part  sepantied 
from  the  whole;  distance  between  brancho, 
horns.  The  projecting  members  of «  hone  (ai 
the  head,  bseost). 

^  sha^r,  Hair.  L^\^i  iJ^JJ  iZJi/J 
_:J^li  *  ^-^^  \a^\ja3  l=Ju^^3 

forth  three  locks  of  her  hair  one  night,  aod 
then  made  them  together  fonr  nights;  asd 
she  turned  up  her  mce  towards  the  moon  of 
heawn,  and  (by  so  doing)  she  showed  me  tro 
moons  in  the  same  instant.  (It  means  tkit 
her  bur  was  black  like  the  night,  and  her 
lace  as  bright  as  the  moon.) 

jKii  ihi^f  Poesy,  verse,  metre.  4J  Uli 

idJiX^  iXe  <".jiup  iSj^*s^^^9  And  afUr 

having  recited  his  verses,  he  wept  so  rnacb 
that  he  fell  down  in  a  fit,  and  he  remained 
in  it  a  long  time. 

shu^d,  (pi.  o{jS.\j^)f  Poets.   J,^ 

j/\  cJi^j  c^  ^\  ii^ 

W^>j  v-=^'  ^Vj  «^^!v  tr* 

vjUj  Jjb\  kj:,m  l^=^^,  I  am  a  king, 

and  the  son  of  a  king.     I  read  the  Kmr-aa 

according  to  the  seven  traditions,  and  perasiC 

various  works  under  the  tuition  ana  guid- 

of   different    learned    professors.      I 


\ 


^ 


ance 


studied  astroloey,  and  the  eompoaitio&a  of  tht 
poets,  and  msde  myself  so  proficient  in  tlw 
sciences  that  I  surpassed  all  my  contempo- 
raries. 

ij,\jfLii  sha^dhl,  Very  hairy. 

ijxJ^   sha^at,   One  hair.      Hoariness 
SM^ratf  Pubes  et  pecten  (pec  mnliebris). 

^yii^  th^hrtyfffih,  YermiceliL 

JilLmJ^  Mha^tha^t,  Splendour,  light,  re 

flection. 

11kJ1»  ihu^lai,  Light,  splendour,  lustn 

shining,  flashing,  coruscation.   Fire,  flame, 
mixture  of  white  on  the  tail. 

SJy-:.  shu^al  (pi.  of  u-^ot^),  Nations 


Ui 


(199) 


U^ 


j^  iiu^i^r,  Intelligence,  intellect,  on- 

derrtanding. 
LxJii  Sha^d,  The  prophet  Isaiah. 

jjtJii  thaOr,  Barley. 

ij^  dia^rat,  One  grain  of  barley. 

^^JLl  dioffhh,  A  tumult,  noise,  disturb- 
ance, oomfTELon,  crie^  Uunentatioii,  shrieking. 
AerasatioiL    Saucdnesa.    Shaghibf  A  fomeator 

^.JmJL  tkaghff  Violent  love,  passion. 
Jii  dmghl  (pL  JU^l  luhghdV),  Occu- 
patlon,  employment,  business.     ^«^jj 

t-i-aJl^  ^/-U\  Jlfcil  ^<-a5^  i^jij^ 


1^    - 


And  he  pat  tiie  royal  crown  upon  his  head, 
«ated  upon  the  tlirone  of  his  Kingdom,  and 
perfonned  the  affairs  of  the  people,  deciding 
i^nitablj  between  the  strong  and  the  weak; 
ud  ezactiiig  for  the  poor  man  his  dae  from 
liie  emeer :  wherefore  the  people  loyed  him 
exceedingly. 

Im  tihafd^  Cure,  recovery  of  health. 
To  be  cured;  to  cure.  UiJ|^1j,  An 
hospitaL  *h\^  <^::-^  UlC^  Jr^  J^ 

» l»Av  •;1\  JJ  ^jtixUS  L::.w>i^  ^^^^*^ 
UlC  O  ^  ^  ^  u^.^  ^j 

^j^AiUilJ  J^^  c:Jl9,  Had  I  wept 

before  ihe  did,  in  my  passion  for  Saada,  I  had 
beakd  mT  loal  before  repentance  came ;  but 
«he  wept  Wore  I  did :  her  tears  drew  mine ; 
afid  I  nid,  The  merit  belongs  to  the  precedent. 

m 

ijy^  1 »  They  said :  Thou  ray  est  upon 
him  whom  thon  loTest.    And  I  replied:  The 


a^/d&a^,  Deprecation,  iotercession, 
rccnmBiendation.    iytuS  4JLMM..3  JuJ^ 


j^U^  ^La^  USj  CDUlifiJl ,   And 

he  invested  me  with  a  handsome  and  costly 
dress,  and  I  became  a  person  high  in  credit 
with  him  in  intercessions,  and  in  acoomplishing 
the  affairs  of  Uie  people. 

uJlJLl  %h%ffsf^  Transparent. 
i\sJi^  ahtfdh  (pi.  of  ^),  Lips. 
JbU-l    shufdht,    Having    large    lips. 
"  Labial,  yerbal. 
gJdL  shafarahy  The  edge  of  a  sword. 

ft^  ahafa^,  Deprecating,  interceding. 
Wishing  to  add  a  neighbouring  state  to  one's 
possessions. 

Ui^  (pi.  of  <,»flA),  Advocates. 

IjuJ^  shuf^at,  Redemption.  Any  pos- 
session coveted. 

JaJL  shafak.  The  crepuscle,  twilight,  or 
ruddiness  in  the  sky,  from  sunset  till  total 
darkness. 

iAAJ^  shafkaty  Compassion,  pity,  mercy, 
clemency,  indulgence.    jJ-c  ^^f^^  ^ 

^-Cj  A^um:*-  J^'j  ^J^JiJ\^  «U-U^ 

v^*Xs)U  <iJi,  Then  they  (fem.  pi.) 

went  in  to  their  brother,  and  saluted  him; 
and  they  saw  that  his  charms  hod  become 
altered,  and  his  complexion  had  become  sallow, 
and  his  body  had  become  lean ;  wherefore  they 
wept  in  pity  for  him ;  and  they  sat  with  him, 
ana  cheered  him,  and  comforted  his  heart  by 
conversation. 

^f^  shafmoly  Labial  (letters). 

m_,^'<i^  »hafl^,  An  advocate,  a  patron. 

^zJd^  shafik,  Merciful,  compassionate, 

condoling. 

fjj^  shak,  A  fissure,  a  ci'ack,  a  crevice. 

To  tear,  split,  divide.  Shtkk,  The  half;  as 
much  as  a  horse,  etc.,  carries  upon  one  side; 
also  the  space  between  the  two  loads.  A  bro- 
ther. The  roost  prominent  part  of  a  mountain. 
Trouble,  difficulty. 

U--»  ahakdy  Misery,  disgrace,  adversity. 

jU-i  sh^k,  Discord,  opposition,  hos- 
tility, rebellioYi,  felony.  Shukak^  Fissures  in 
the  hands  or  feet.  A  disease  in  the  feet  of 
horses. 


ILi 


(200) 


U& 


S^Um)  ahakdwat,  Misery,  di8grace,poYerty. 
(Ji^AJ^  shakdjfii,  Sisters,  fissures,  eto. 

(JUju  (Jii^  $hal^k  na^m&nl,  or  ^\aJL 

^UjcJI,  Tlie  anemone.  ^^UjcJI  ^IL^ 
ihakaik  anno^man,   The  anemone  and  the 

^^^  j1  adharywrn,  which  is  said  to  be 

a  variety  of  anemone,  and  the  myrtle,  called 
M  and  rihan^  are  held  in  ^reat  yeneration  by 
the  Ansariah,  who  inhabit  the  mountaina  of 
Latakia.  They  consider  these  flowers  as  the 
incarnation  of  the  Deity.  This  has  connexion 
with  the  worship  of  Aaonis,  who  was  changed 
by  Venns,  at  his  death,  into  an  anemone,  and 
whom  the  Phoenicians  nsed  to  adore  as  the 
personification  of  the  sun.  There  is  no  donbt 
that  the  same  worship  now  exists  among  the 
Ansariah,  who  are,  after  all,  the  descendants 
and  representatiyes  of  the  Phoenicians.  They 
also  hold  in  great  yeneration  the  bay-tree,  the 
So^n}  of  the  Greeks,  called  in  Arabic  and  in 

Turkish  A;i  J  dafrU;  and  this,  of  course, 
in  commemoration  of  the  goddess  Daphn^ 
who,  when  flying  from  the  enamoured  pursuit 
of  Apollo,  was  converted  into  the  laurel-tree. 
All  these  peculiarities,  which  seem  now  so 
strange  to  tne  unlearned,  have  connexion  with 
the  worshijps  of  ancient  times,  of  which  they 
are  the  disngured  remains,  as  some  ruins  are 
the  remains  of  old  cities. 

AsU^  ahikkat,  The  half,  especially  of  any- 
thing split  the  long  way.  [plexion. 

\jSJii  shakrd,  A  woman  of  a  rosy  com- 
ijSJ^  ahukrai,  A  clear  shining  red  colour. 
c*AA^  ihakf,  An  earthem  pot,  a  potsherd. 
fjSJ^  ahikak  or  shukak(j^].  of  <U^),  Pieces. 
j^Ll  ahukiik  (pi.  of  Jm&),  Fissures. 
^U^  shakah,  A  fissure,  a  notch.   A  letter. 

^JLl  ahaki,  Poor,  miserable,  wretched. 
Wicked,  yillanous.    Petulant,  insolent 

^Ojfl.^    ahalaf,    Split  or  divided  into 

halves.  One  half.  A  brother  uterine.  A 
strong  call 

<iA>Lij  ahaktkat,  A  fissure,  a  crack,  a 
crevice,  a  notch.  One  side  (of  the  head).  A 
I>ass  or  space  between  two  mountains.  A 
sister  german. 

(JSJ^  ahak,  Doubt,  ambiguity,  suspicion. 

J  Id  ahikdl,  A  horse-tether  of  goat's- 

hair.    A  surcingle.  [tion. 

tJL^\^\LLahakdwat  (pi.  of  i^),  Accusa* 

Juld  ahikdyat,  A  lamentation,  a  com- 
plaint, an  aocuaation. 


Jj^  ahukr  or  ahukur.  Praise  (of  God), 
gratitude,   returning   thanks.    j^% 

^U£  i3x^^ ,  And  he  ordered  the  wezeer 

to  nve  out  to  the  poor  and  the  needy,  and  the 
widows  and  others,  a  hundred  thousand  piecei 
of  gold  as  a  thank-offering  to  God  (whoM 
name  be  exalted !),  and  as  an  alms  on  his  put 

^^l^d  ahukrdn^  Gratitude,  acknowledg- 
ment; assent,  complacency. 

JiLl  ahaklf  Pigure,  form,  shape,  manner, 

mien,  face,  appearance,  effigy,  semblance,  mode, 
spedes. 

tfj^  ahakw,  Complaining,  relating  a  state 
of  one's  maladies.   \^J^,  A  complaint, 
i^J^  ahakwaty  Complaint.     Aocusatioiu 
j^  ahakar.  Grateful.      Thankful. 
C^^  ahuknk  (pi.  of  dC^),  DoubU. 
v^yLl  ahakwa*  (see  \y^)t  Accusation. 
ji^]j<  ahaiwdr,  Loose  and  long  trousers 
A^  ahamm,  Smelling,  the  smell. 

tJL'^AJtt  ahamat,  Eejoicing  at  the  distress 
of  another. 

^UJ«  ahamdtah,  Clamour,  noise,  tumuli 

^^UJi  ahimda,  A  horse  of  a  bad  dispa 
sition,  enduring  no  rider,  or  throwing  him 

(jmULmi  ahammda,  A  deacon. 

^\aJL  ahammd^,  A  maker  of  wax  candles 

JU^  ahimdl,  The  north.  The  left  hand 
Shimdl  or  ahumdl  (pi.  JjUm^),  Dispo 
sition,innatequality.  ^U^,  Northern 

Do  just  as  thou  wilt,  and  say  what  thou  pleaaeti 
Ana  lighten  to  the  right,  and  thunder  to  the  Icf 

(JjUJ»  ahamdyil,  Yirtues,  talents ;  abili 
ties  of  mind  and  body.  If^jl  jj  ^r-)l? 

^^\  JJU^Jl  ^\  U^\  \m6  ^\  L 

jLmjJS  ^^ ,  And  she  said  to  her  nurse 

What  is  the  name  of  this  young  man  of  cornel 
qualities  who  is  among  tlie  solmers  ? 


J^ 


(201) 


JLJi  ihamafin^  Odours,  perfames. 

u!d  ikmimelf  One  odour,  sniff,      [dates. 
J^  %kmrdih^  A  branch  or  cluster  of 
y^l  thitmrai,  The  herb  fennel. 
^/UM  likms  (fern.),  The  sun. 
^j^  ikmtlj  Solar.    <L 4.A  aham^ai, 

An  umbrella.  <Uu*4>.il  ^l/^*  Auru/ 
iUm^  Hie  solar  letters.  'Diose  letters 
viueh,  Yfaea  in  Arabic  phrases  tbej  commence 
I  ions  or  ^ectiTe  hanng  the  dennite  article 

J  <  df  The,  before  them,  require  that, 

in  pnmimciation,  the  sound  of  the  J 
tfaoaU  be  omitted,  and  their  own  sound  redu- 
plicated, as  in  the  case  of  the  word 

(^M«JI  6th-ihefM,  The  sun.  Those 
lettetsareo-,  i*j,  J,  J,  j,J,  ^, 
wT'  u*»  u^>  ^t  ^t  and  jj;   the 

others  being  styled  ^^ '— !2;^»  Aitrtl/ 
^mmifeh,  Lunar  letters. 

j«w^  Shanukln,  Shamskin  is  one  of 

t^  principal  Tillages  of  the  Hauran.  It  is 
iiniated  on  the  Haj  road,  on  some  elevated 
round,  by  the  side  of  which  flows  the  Wadi 

Hereir. 

^  <Aw»^,  Wax,  wax  candles. 
^  .Xa^C  tkama^n,  A  candlestick. 
**^iA«i^a  (pi.  ^y^)9  A  wax  candle. 

Ui  irj^y  ^u^  iiJjl  y^aj  Uli 

"^"^  W**dtt^  jl^JoJ^  l^«J>j^,When 
^  Ealeefeh  saw  it,  he  felt  its  weight,  and 
•orad  it  to  be  heavy.  And  he  gave  a  hun- 
^  pieces  of  gold  to  the  fisherman,  who  went 
^*&7:  ThUe  Meiroor,  assisted  by  Jaafor,  took 
^  ^e  chest,  and  conveyed  it,  in  company 
^  the  Shaleefeh,  to  the  palace,  where  they 
J^^  the  candles,  and  placed  the  chest  be- 
fc^-  the  Khaleefeh. 

c')*^  SAwi^ilii,  Simon  Peter. 
<^*^  «*«i^I,  Waxen,  of  a  candle. 

4-^^  «*««/,  Comprehending,  containing, 
SnmwB&j  on  all  sides.   Union.    The  union 

^^  iorefi,  the  contrast  of  separation. 


*  Uyuih>-^  S^y»  Would  that  the  day 

of  separation  had  never  been !  No  sleep  re- 
mains in  my  eyes.  The  union  of  us  and  thee 
is  broken,  and  our  strength  and  our  body  have 
perished! 

^Uyl  shammahj  A  single  whiff  or  sniff  of 
odour,  a  slight  tinge. 

M^j^  ahamlm,  Odour,  perfume,  fragrance. 

iz[:J^  ahand^i,  Baseness,  a  horrid  crime. 
Turpitude,  brutality. 

^1:^0  ihandyt^  (pi.  ofAjuiJii),  Shameful 
actions,  vices,  crimes,  villanies. 

cJ^  ahank,  Hanging  on  a  gibbet.  JUi 

iLUJ\  feliili  l^-U  ^>1  ^^  ^\ 
l^jL^^t^  syoi  L^\j  Js.  ^.A:JLJ^\^ 

-•^i::j  -^ jisrvli ,  And  Jaafar  said :  0 

Prince  of  the  Faithful,  am  I  the  watch-guard 
of  the  murdered  that  I  should  discover  her 
murderer  P  Thereupon  the  Khaleefeh  was 
enraged,  and  ordered  him  to  be  hanged  at  the 
gate  of  his  palace,  and  that  a  public  crier 
should  proclaim  in  the  streets  of  Bagdad, 
saying :  Whosoever  wishes  to  witness  the 
action  of  hanging  Jaafar  Alharmakite,  the 
wezeer  of  the  Khaleefeh,  let  him  come  forth 
to  witness  it ! 


ahan^,  Baseness,  deformity. 

ahani^,  Base,  shameful,  odious, 
hateful,  deformed,  abominable,  hideous,  detest* 

able,  shocking.      Anj^^  ^V^^'  ^^^' 
agreeable  news.    JtJ  c^\J  ^^jJb  \j\j 

\j^S^  L^"^'  Thereupon  she 


r    * 


said,  Sleep  on  thy  night,  and  mayest  thou 
never  wake  again !  I  abhor  thee  and  detest  thy 
ugly  £Eice.  My  soul  is  weary  of  thv  company : 
I  do  not  know  when  he  will  tase  thy  soul 
away,  so  that  I  may  get  rid  of  thee ! 


(202) 


j^ 


\^  ihaunvd,  A  roaster  of  meat. 

^\^  shawdjir,  Thiogs  ayertiDg  or  pre- 
Tenting.    Acddents  of  forttme. 

r^j^^  shaw&rib,  The  whiskers. 

Jf^  shauwdl,  The  tenth  Mahometan 

month,  in  the  beeinninf  of  which  they  cele- 
brate their  festival  callea  Beiram. 

^1^  shawdmikh,  High  mountains. 

JJb|^  shatffdhid  (pi.  of  JJbUi ),  l^itnesses. 

^j^\yit  shawdhln,  Falcons,  hawks. 

t„^\^  shawdyh  (pL  of  ^Ll),  Imper- 
fectioDs.  [mnnicipal  court. 

\ji^  or  i^jy^  shawrd,  A  council,  the 

b^^  shurhd,  Broth,  sonp,  gruel. 

b^  ahawt,  A  course  or  round  (in  running, 
especially  in  the  ceremonies  of  nmning  per- 
formed by  the  pilgrims  to  Mecca). 

^^  ahawk,  Love,  desire,  affection,  incli- 
nation.  Alacrity,  gaiety,  cheerfulness. 

sleep  who  has  lost  somnolency,  and  is  wakeful 
at  night  whilst  otiiers  repose  P  She  possessed 
riches,  family,  and  glory;  bnthas  become  a 
stranger  and  solitary.  :^ire  and  groaning  are 
in  her  bosom,  and  violent  longing  that  cannot 
be  exceeded.  Passion  has  gained  dominion 
over  her.  She  moaneth  for  her  sufferings; 
but  is  firm.  Her  state,  under  the  influence  • 
of  love,  showeth  that  she  is  mourning  and 
afflicted,  and  her  tears  are  witnesses. 

_3^  ihawki,  Loving,  cheerful. 

CSyJ^  shawk,  Thorns.  ^  ^J^'i  CXil 

L,-^;.nH  CJy^\  innaka  Id  tajnl  min  ash 
shawki  al^nab.  Thou  canst  not  gather  grapes 
from  thorns. 

SSyL  shawkai,  One  thorn.  Majesty, 
power,  grandeur,  magnificence,  dignity,  pomp. 


ij^  ihawnat,  A  granary. 

c-.)\f^  tMhdh,  Bright  stars;  the  noe- 
tunial  fires,  commonly  called  fidling  stsn.  The 
name  of  the  late  princely  fiuniliea  in  Hoist 
Lebanon. 

ifjlfSi  shahddat,  A  testimony,  attesta- 
tion, witnessing.    Evidences,  eye-witneneB. 

JulfMi  thahdmaif  Gfenerosity,  noblene» 
of  mind.    Bravery. 

^^>.|i<i  shahdb,  The  colour  of  aahes.  A 
mixed  colour  where  white  predominates. 

Lf^  shuldfdf  Ash-coloured  (she-sss  (x 
damel)  verging  to  white.     The  Boinsme  of 
,  Aleppo.    Aleppo  stands  in  an  open  plain,  ei- 
compassed  at  the  distance  of  a  few  miles  by 
low  nills,  and  comprises,  including  Us  exten- 
sive suburbs  and  the  intermediate  valleyi,  i 
circuit  of  seven  miles.    But  the  city  itself  is 
not  above  three  miles  and  a  half  in  drcoD- 
ference.    The  walls  are  of  hewn  stone,  abcsl 
thirty  feet  high,  and  twenty  broad.    They 
bear  nowhere  marks  of  high  antiquity;  Vat 
are  supposed,  from  the  massive  s^le  of  tfee 
architecture,  to  be  of  Saracen  eonstmetioiL 
There  was  originally  a  broad  dee^  fosse,  bat 
it  is  at  present  filiea  up  with  rubbish,  c^  coo- 
verted  into  garden  grounds.    The  appesxasee 
of  the  city  from  without  is  much  disfigured  Vj 
this  accumulation  of  filth.    There  are  nvx 
gates — two  to  the  south,  two  to  the  east,  two  to 
the  north,  and  three  to  the  west.    The  citr  is 
supplied  with  good  water  from  twospriogs 
which   are   near  Hevlan,  a   village  abuot 
eight  miles  to  the  nortnward.    This  aqueduct 
is  supposed  to  have  been  coeval  with  the  dty ; 
but  IS  said  to  have  been  repaired  by  the  mother 
of  Constantine,  and  subsequently  by  Melek  ^ 
Daher,  the  son  of  Saladin.      The  town  a 
divided  into  districts,  each  of  them  inhabited 
by  a  distinct  population.    The  principal  ci 
called  the  City,  is  where  the  Boropeans  i 
the  chief  TurVs  reside.    £1-Diedaide  is  is 
habited  by  the  Christians  of  all  sects. 
Jews  are  restricted  to  a  quarter  called  Bahsitaj 
The  Turkmen,  Curds,  and  Arabs,  live  in  th^ 
faubourgs  to  the  east  of  the  dty.    The  popi^ 
lation  is  now  from  100,000  to  120,000. 

Lfl  Shohbdf  Shohba,  which  is  now  tb^ 
seat  of  the  principal  Druse  Sheikhs  of  Hauiaq 
was  formerly  one  of  the  chief  dtiea  of  iiu| 
country,  as  is  attested  bv  the  remaining  tow^ 
walls,  and  the  ma^puncent  public  edified 
which  once  adorned  it  The  walls,  which  u| 
of  the  usual  height,  may  be  traced  all  roopj 
the  city,  perfect  in  many  places,  and  nearj 
four  mues  m  circumference.  There  ia  now  ti 
ditch.  This  ma^ficent  old  town  posBeej 
numerous  interesting  ruins. 

kXf^  ahahd,  Honey-comb. 
\j^  shuhadd  (pi.  of  >.V{A)>  Martyii 
l*>fil\  ^^IJyThehiBtoiyof  themartyn 


^ 


(203) 


jf-»  iWr,  A  month.  ^^\  C-^LJ\  ^^^  J 

\  jj  xl  'IG  dJlc ,  Then  the  damsels 

reauinnl  with  him  daring  the  Bptoe  of  a  whole 
moith,  ebeering  him  bj  their  eoeiety  and 
earesBog  him ;  hut  eTery  daj  be  Mcame 
voiK,  iod  whenerer  thej  beheld  him  in  this 
state,  they  wept  for  him  yiolently. 

ij^  Mrak,  Benown,  fame,  reputa- 
tion, dimlging,  celebrating,  rendering  illus- 
trioiB.   Bumour,  report.  [(Persian). 

i-y^jtii  thokuidt^  A  king's  son,  a  prince. 

V^  MM,  Grey  eye. 

•f-  ddm  (pi.  /♦Ifl),  Nimble,  active, 

s^ft  Bold,  aodacioiis.  Ptndent,  ingenious. 
Of  gieat  authority  (a  chief).  [(Perrian). 

J'^  sMimhdh,  The  king  of  kings. 

^'*tt  ikahw&t  (pi.  of  iy^),  Desires. 
Cirnal  appetites,  sensuality. 

J  ;fl  ihahwdni  (fem.  ^\^  shahwdni' 

if^),  Pertainiog  to  the  appetites  and  passions. 
^^^!^  [lasciYiousness. 

iti^  ihahwat,  Desire,  appetite,  sensuality, 

'ijili  tkuhiid,  Being  present  or  an  eye- 
vi!D£is.  WitnesseSieTidenceSjpresentatthefact. 
■•it  lAitAfir,  Months. 

jf*'  ^^f  Lasdyioos.  Desirable.  ZijSbS 

m 

*rfi»i  Exquisite  viands. 

^  lAa^ii,  A  martyr.      The  Mahom- 

Maa  law  distin^niaheB  seTeral  different  kinds 
»  martjra.  This  honourable  title  is  giren 
Vj  ths  Kddier  who  diea  in  fighting  for  the 
-Mth,  or  on  his  way  to  do  so,  or  who  dies 
'^°'&<diatdy  after  baring  been  wounded  when 
*)  SBgifed ;  to  a  person  who  innocently 
ae(te  hu  death  from  the  hands  of  another ; 
^  i  Tietim  of  the  plague,  who  does  not  flee 
™  the  disease,  or  of  dysenterr ;  to  a  person 
^9  is  drowned;  and  to  one  who  is  killed  by 
tae  hSang  of  a  wall  or  boilding.  It  is  said 
J'>«ttlje  lonia  of  martyrs,  after  quitting  their 
r«j*»»  nnde,  until  the  day  of  resurrection, 
*n  ^^  wrpses  of  green  birds,  which  eat  of  the 
^'^  ttd  drink  of  the  waters,  of  Paradise. 

^''*^;^1)  <^\  ,\  J  I  A  ihahldfd  Mh  tool 

jy**  The  martyr  of  lore  and  affection,    El- 

Mi^nad  fdates  that,  accompanied  by  a  party 

i^^^  be  riated  the  Conyent  of  Heraclius, 

»M«  aadiuQ  were  uider  treatment.    We 


saw,  saiih  he,  in  a  privste  chamber,  a  youtb  of 
surprising  b^uty  sitting  upon  a  skin,  with  his 
heaid  unooTered,  and  his  eves  fixed  upwards  to- 
wards the  walL  We  salutea  him,  and  he  returned 
our  salutation  without  looking  at  us.  One  of 
the  party  said  to  me,  Recite  to  him  some 
poet^,  for  then  he  will  speak ;  and  I  recited 
these  two  verses :  ^*  0  thou  best  of  all  men  to 
whom  Eve  has  given  birth,  but  for  thee  the 
world  were  neither  beautiful  nor  pleasant !  The 
man  to  whom  God  showeth  thy  countenance 
has  obtained  immortality,  and  will  grow 
neither  decrepit  nor  hoary  ! "  Thereupon, 
turning  towards,  us,  he  recited  the  follow- 
ing verses :  '*  God  knows  that  I  am  in  afflic- 
tion. I  cannot  express  the  pain  I  feel.  Two 
souls  have  I ;  one  place  contains  one  soul, 
and  another  place  the  other.  I  imagine  that 
my  absent  soul  is  like  my  present,  and  that  she 
experiences  what  I  do!"  Then  he  asked, 
Have  I  said  well  or  ill  ?  Thou  hast  said  ad- 
mirably well,  answered  we.  Then  he  stretched 
forth  lus  hand  to  a  stone  that  was  by  him,  and 
took  it.  We  imagined  that  he  would  smite  us 
with  it,  and  we  fled  from  him ;  but  he  be^n 
to  beat  violently  his  own  breast  with  it,  sayug 
to  us.  Fear  not :  approach  and  hear !  We  ap- 
proached him,  and  he  recited  these  verses: 
"  When  they  made  their  white  camels  kneel 
down,  near  daybreak,  they  mounted,  and  the 
camels  departed  with  my  beloved!  My  eye, 
through  tne  interstice  of  the  prison,  beheld 
them ;  and  I  said  in  my  anguish,  with  tears 
overflowing,  0  camel-dnver,  turn,  that  I  may 
bid  her  farewell ;  for  in  parting,  and  in  bidding 
her  £ur6well,  I  shall  die !  I  am  faithful  to  the 
vow  of  love,  and  have  not  broken  it.  Would 
that  I  knew  how  she  has  acted  with  reeard  to 
it ! "  Then  looking  towards  me,  he  saio.  Hast 
thou  any  knowledge  concerning^  her,  and  how 
she  acted  P  She  is  no  more,  said  I ;  may  God 
have  mercy  on  her !  Upon  this  his  counten- 
ance became  pale,  and  he  sprang  upon  his  feet, 
and  said,  Man,  speak !  how  knowest  thou  that 
she  is  no  more  ?  Had  she  been  alive,  answered 
I,  she  had  not  left  thee  in  this  state.  It  is 
true,  replied  he ;  but  I  also  love  not  life  after 
the  loss  of  her.  Then  his  muscles  quivered, 
and  he  fell  upon  his  face.  We  hastened  to  his 
assistance;  we  moved  him;  but  he  was  no 
more! 

j^  ahahir,  Celebrated,  famous. 

(J^^  ihahlk,  Making  a  murmuring 
noise  in  the  throat,  as  an  ass  before  braying. 
Sighing,  sobbing,  groaning,  drawing  the  last 
breath. 

A:»f&  shahtm,  Prudent,  ingenious. 
t  shay,  A  thing,  anything,  something, 
somewhat.  _^lt.  Nothing.  ^^^^;:i:Jli 

L:.g,Lfl  fjai  ^JQ  *  ^Uio  iizJJo  Uf«^ 


(204) 


And  they  all  turned  their  faces  towards  him, 
and  said  to  him,  We  are  all  at  your  disposal, 
and  whatsoeTer  thon  demandest,  we  will  do  it. 
But  tell  us  thy  tale,  and  conceal  not  from  us 
aught  of  thy  affairs. 

nhaydtln  (pi.  of  ^^Ik^),  Devils. 

ihayh^  Growing  grey  (the  head), 
becoming  old ;  white  hairs,  hoariness. 

\*J^  shdyhd,  Grej-hidred  (woman).  ^lLJ 

The  last  night  of  the  month. 

ihaylaty  Hoariness.    See  l-^^-mI. 

,^J^  shl\  The  wormwood  of  Pontns, 

which  destroys  worms.  [Growing  old. 

^^^  shaykh  and  h>-^sxl»  (pi.  ^^li^Ll), 

;^Ji»  shaykhf  A  venerable  old  man,  a 

man  of  authority,  a  chief,  a  prelate,  prior, 
abbot,  a  superior  of  the  dervises  or  Mahometan 
monks ;  a  doctor  learned  in  religion  and  law, 
a  great  preacher. 

XA\  :,fJL  BhayUu-'UisUimy  The  chief 


doctor-of-law  in  Turkey  (this  office  bein?  at 
once  equal  to  those  of  the  Lord  Chancellor 
and  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  in  England. 

I«^f  ;^  ShayhhU'l'Earm,  The 
Prince  or  Goyemor  of  Medina. 

j]j^  8hlrd%,  A  celebrated  city  in  Persia, 

the  birth-place  of  Shaykh  Sadl,  the  author  of 
the  Gulisten,  Bostan,  etc.,  whence  he  is  like- 
wise called  Shir&zi.  Shiraz,  the  second  city 
of  Persia,  province  of  Persia  Proper,  was 
formerlv  the  capital  of  the  empire,  and  is 
situatea  in  a  yalley  115  miles  N.E.  from 
Bushire.  It  has  always  been  celebrated  for  the 
beauty  and  fertility  of  its  neighbourhood,  which 
has  been  warmly  eulonzed  by  the  poet  Hafiz, 
a  native  of  the  city,  it  is  surrounoed  by  high 
walls,  flanked  with  round  bastions,  and  has 
six  gates,  each  with  two  towers.  Shiraz  is 
celebrated  for  its  wine.  The  jnincipal  vine- 
yards are  situated  at  the  foot  of  the  mountains 
to  the  N.W.  of  the  town,  where  the  soil  is 
rocky,  and  the  txpog^  extremely  &vourable. 
From  Bushire  the  chief  imports  are  spices, 
Chinese  and  Indian  goods  of  all  kinds,  iron, 
lead,  quicksilver,  glass  wares,  woollen  cloths, 
muslins,  linens,  arms,  ammunition,  cutlery, 
and  other  European  manufactures.  These 
goods,  with  salt  from  the  neighbouring  lakes, 
are  sent  to  Ispahan,  Teheran,  and  lazd,  in 
exchange  for  the  manufactures  of  those'  cities, 
and  other  products.  The  exports  to  Bushire 
consist  prmcipally  of  wine,  rose-water,  and 
otto-  of  roses,  assafoetida,  dried  fruits,  silk, 
goats'  hair,  Caramanian  wool,  saffron,  drugs, 
horses,  orpiment,  madder,  and  tobacco. 

iA^Jti  thlthah,  A  bottle,   flask,   phial, 
cup,  carafe. 


jU 


u^  thayt,  Being  bomt  up. 
^Ik^Mi    shaytan,   Satan,   the   deril,  a 

,  demon.  ^J  ^j<  J  ^^^^\  The 
devil  does  not  destroy  his  own  vineyard. 

^k*^  shaytanaif  Devilry,  impisbnes, 
malice,  mischief. 

SjuJ^  »hl^at  (pi.  ^J^  »^iya^),  A  multi- 
tude following  one  another  in  pursuit  of  tiie 
same  object.     ^iu.AJ1^  The  sect  of  All. 

A^  shtyam  (pi.  of  A^^Ja  ihinuU),  Quali- 
ties of  the  heart,  points  of  natural  (mt  moral 
character. 


^  ahlmat,  Habit,  nature,  an  excel- 
lent disposition.    (^^^^  ^  "  -""^  ^^^ 

^^jM  \i^\  <Ug.A,  Hear  my  story, 


understand  my  words,  and  my  Teradtr  ^31 
become  evident  to  thee;  for  fiilsehooa  is  t 
characteristic  of  the  hypoeiite. 

^^  iMyakh  (pi.  of  ^),  Old  men. 

senators,  doctors,  prelates,  religious  men,  sa^- 
L;-^^  shaykhakhaf,  Old  age. 

^  shiyH^  Being  romoared  abroad. 


^  idd,  The  fourteenth  letter  of  th< 
alphabet.    In  arithmetic  it  expresses  90.  aa^ 

is  the  abbreviature  for^L?,  the  second 
Mahometan  month. 

j\c  sdbir,  Patient 

^y,\^  idhUn,  Soap.     kS^^9   A  soap 
maker. 

-P.L0  sdjf  A  round  oonTex  plate  of  iroij 

on  which  the  Arabs  of  the  desert  bake  breaj 
in  round  cakes,  over  the  emben. 

i^^nXfi  9dhih,  A  Mend.      A  title  < 

courtesy  equivalent  to  Master.  v,,^"wl 

jLifif,  Esteemed,  enjoying  reputation 

.Ijcil  i^^rtXa,  Potent,  possessed  d 
power. 

_»-li0  8dhl,  Eecovering  one's  senses  < 
health  after  intoxication.    A  serene  sky. 

^ jU  tdUr,  Flowing,  originating,  emeij 


(205) 


m^,  tpnapag  up  or  oat.     Ariimz,  goinZt 
rtonmif  .     HnrtiBg  tbe  breast,    nodnoed, 

IJL0  «Alt,  Trae,  just,  nncere,  in- 

gan«i,gtwL 

1  -  -=-'^^  One  who  cails.     JLJ  J 


<w 


4U^^^  f  j^^«  ^  '^  question  ono 
vbovati^p,  bit  look  to  hit  eonditbn. 
Mj^Orm,  A  Aarp  sword*     Aa  in- 


trepidksdy 

i^'iiff  ia^t2»<y  lightning,  a  thunder- 

b(^l0«inl%tluiiider. 
1 
^  mW**  4d^hati,  Borax. 

i-J*'  M/  Fore,  dear,  anoere,  candid, 

;^  «  j^  uJU*U  ^^,  I  also 

i3Bd(d  1^  tile  iilaiid  with  the  rert,  and  lat 
-7 1  qnnug  of  pore  water  among  the  treet. 

^*.^  10^,  A  Mower  on  the  Ante  or 

F?e,akiMr,awhiiUer. 

mm* 

.J<^  ta/i  {teuL  ^w),   Pore,  clear, 
'^  ^ri^ty  innHifll,  limpid,  miww'ga<i^  nn- 

(CR,  >M>4ld. 

ij<j  tdkHf  A  polisher,  etc. 

(^  id/a  (ieaL  Zj^U),  Good,  apt,  fit, 
P"^  jvt    A  man  of  probity  and  honosr. 
c-v«'w»  fdrnU  (pL  ^jj^U),  Silent 
t^'".*  Jd«^,  (God)  the  Creator.     An 

KtSeer. 

V^i^,  Bi^t,  straight,  hitting  the 
c'vt    ^Jclt  (^..JLtf  Advising  right 

jj'-  idyi^i  (pL  ^L^),  A  'goldsmith. 

f^  idjfm,  One  who  fi»t8. 

V  mI^,  Effosion.   US1  l^...^^,  Pouring 

*?*  *«i^  or  jtfid.  The  zephyr,  a  gentle 
I**  •  t  nfrcdiiag  wind  (generallj  blowing 
***e  eart  at  the  eqpinox).   Yoi&i,youth- 

'r*"KBinng(astar).  Coming  forth 
(*too^Ma,ete.)-  Watching  the  motionfl  of 
*',?'*"J«pon(aa  enemy).  Chanffing  one*i 
'^l^^i-'-  apoatatifing  from  Kahometini, 
ttd  beeoaiag  a  Sabean.    This  ia  one  of  the 


mort  ancient  religion*  we  haTC  any  traces  of, 
bein^  sapposed  to  be  that  which  preTailed  in 
Pema  proTions  to  the  reign  of  Kiihtasp 
(Darins  Hystaspes) ;  when  it  gave  way  to  that 
of  the  Magi,  toen  introdnoed  by  Zerdnst  or 
Zoroaster.  They  beliered  in  one  God,  and  in 
the  minirtry  of  angels,  or  inferior  deities,  as 
represented  by  the  stan,  which  became  in  con* 
seqnenee  high  objects  of  their  adoration.  They 
held  many  tenets  in  common  with  the  Ma- 
hometan, the  Ma^pan,  the  Jewith,  and  even 
the  Christian  rriigion,  being  by  trarelieri 
called  Chiistians  of  St  John,  beeanse  they 
adopted  a  species  of  baptism.  Their  chief 
pilgrimages  were  to  Hann  in  Mesopotamia, 
to  Mecca,  and  to  the  pyramidsjof  ^fj^U  which 
they  sapposed  to  be  the  tombs  of  Seth,  and 
his  sons  Enoch  and  Sabi,  whom  they  considered 

This 


the  fbnnders  of  their  £uth.  Thii  was  the 
principal  reli^on  of  the  Arabians  before  Mos- 
leausm,  and  is  one  of  those  tolerated  by  the 
Alcoran  on  paying  a  certain  tribute  to  the 
Prophet  and  nis  snccessoia. 

l)\^  sabdhatf    Lore,   desire.      ^**»^ 

JuLidlK  The  ardonr  of  love. 
^L^  sabdh.  The  morning,  the  dawn, 

aurora,    j^^  r\^f  Good  morning; 

to  which  they  answer,  j^^  rWk» 

0 !  good  day  (to  yon  also).    JJJ^  \^\ 

jX^\  9y>'^\  \^j^  J^  Ju,0  night, 

if  then  most  fly  away,  fly  not  with  wings !  for 
there  is  no  satisfaction  to  my  eye  in  the  morn- 
ing !  How  can  I  bnt  hate  the  morning,  since 
it  IS  therein  that  the  beantiful  of  &oe  is  to  be 
remoTcd  away  from  me  P 

^Lm0  uh&hatj  Beauty,  comeliness. 

iLi0  idbdgh^  Colour,  tincture.   411^  «a^- 
6a^A,  A  dyer,  tinger,  painter. 

ijLi0  idbdwat^  Childhood,  minority  of  age. 
LLm0  iobdjfd,  (Hrls,  damsels. 
,^tubh,  The  morning,  the  dawn,  aurora. 
iahr,  Patience,  toleration.     Being 

patient.  jS^\  ^\sJbtjf^\  Patience  is 
the  key  of  glory  (a  proverb).  ^jCj^^, 

The  small  Arabian  aloe.  (JUcu^^*^ , 
The  worst  species  of  aloe.    ^»C^- 1  Jl|J 


Uf^ 


(206) 


♦  ^j  ^LS  U  ^,  Thus  has  God 

decreed  upon  my  forehead  with  respect  to  my 
estrangement  and  my  disjunction  from  my 
connt^  and  my  family  and  my  sisters ;  there- 
fore I  must  endure  with  heooming  patience 
what  my  Lord  has  decreed. 

Mbghj  Dyeing  (cloth).    Baptudng. 

iibghat,  Any  particular  distinctive 
religious  rite,  as  baptism  or  circumcision.  A 
religious  dispensation. 

tabur,  Most  patient,  gentle,  mild. 


TA.  boy,  a  youth. 

JUm^  sablf^at,  A  girl,  damsel,  child.  ]o\sx\m 

\»Pr  ^  JUJ  \1)Jl:>  Uiue  tJlA\ 

^jj  cj.^\  jii  f,\A  i^  ^\ 

tj,as^\  d\  ^5^  i^--a!^  «JJb  JlJ  ^ 

IslA^,  And  the  Ehaleefeh  was  ez- 

cessiyelv  enraged.  Grant  me,  said  Jaafar,  a 
delay  or  three  days.  I  grant  thee  the  delay, 
rephed  the  Khaleefeh.  Jaafar  then  went  forth 
from  his  presence,  and  took  his  route  through 
the  city,  sorrowful,  and  saying  within  himself 
How  shall  I  discoyer  him  who  lulled  this 
damsel,  that  I  may  take  him  h^ore  the 
Khaleefeh  P 

tahih,  Beautiful.     A  lovely  face. 

ioblhat,  The  morning,  the  dawn. 
aahlr,  Patient,  mild,  long-suffering. 

nthhayyir,  Cactus.  The  cactus  grows 
in  Palestine  to  an  immense  size,  and  forms 
most  of  the  hedges  of  the  gardens.  If  the 
cochineal  insect,  which  feeds  on  the  cactus, 
were  introduced  into  Palestine,  it  would  have 
the  greatest  success. 

v^  sah,  A  special  kind  of  official  signa- 
ture (equivalent  to  the  English  initialing) ;  it 
also  represents  the  Latin  F.S.  or potUteriptum, 

h\sr^  iah&hatt  Society,  companions. 

^Is^  sahdbah  (pi.  of  ^.'^fvLtf  sah%b  not 
used  in  this  sense).  The  companions  or  personal 
disciples  of  Muhammed. 

\j\a^  or  ^j\^^  Sahara'  (pi.  of  \jSf^ 
takra),  Deserts,  wilds,  wildernesses. 

uJl^  sahhdf,  A  vendor  of  hooks,  es- 
pecially of  Eur*ans.  [leaves,  books. 

sahdyf  (pi.  of  Ai«-*),  Pages, 


\ 


nMat,  Society,  friendship,  com 
panionship.    In  oompany. 

m  

tahhat,  Truth,  perfection,  rectitude 

integrity.  Health.  Anything  sound,  entin 
complete. 

sahrd,  A  desert,  a  plain. 

suhuf  (pi.   of  isusr^),   Boob 
leaves,  pages,  folios.  [plattti 

^JLsf^  aah/ai,  A  plate,  a  large  dish  o 

$akn,  A  hollow  dish  or  platter.    1 
small  dish  or  plate.  [of  tii] 

MAtr,Becoveryfromehriety.  Serenit 
.^Vfi^  tahlhf  Complete,  perfect,  entin 

itight,  just,  true,  certain,  authentac.  Fre 
from  blemish,  unbroken.    Accurate,  oorrtcl 

Authentic  news.     „^^sf 
b)I,  An  accurate  historian.     *  -  ^ 

wvs^  ^\  Jjb,  And  when  she  had  hear 

his  words,  she  screamed  with  joy,  and  fei 
down  in  a  fwoon,  and  when  she  recovered,  sh 
exclaimed :  0,  my  lord,  can  it  be  possible  r  i 
it  true  P  [a  pa^< 

^ii^^sf^  aahlfat  or  sahlfah,  A  hook,  a  leai 

ijsf^  Mkhrat,  A  rock,  a  huge  hewn  stone 

\Xa  saddf  A  sound,  a  tone,  a  reverbe 
rating  noise,  an  echo.  Bust,  a  maty  swon 
Contracting  rust 

Si  Ju^  9tiddtt  Of  a  rusty  colour. 

ij\j^  auddrai  (or  ^^^^l^  ij^s^)^  Th 

office  of  a  grand  vizir  or  prime  minister. 

jljutf  aaddk,  A  marriage  settlement, 
portion  which  the  husband  engages  to  give  I 
nis  future  wife. 

^lju0  gadakaty  True  friendship,  six 
cerity,  candour,  loyalty,  fidelity. 

JJ^  aadad,  Purpose,  design,  point  (c 

on  the  point  of  retiring). 

J  Ju^  Bodr^  The  breast, the  thorax,  ij:^^.!.,^ ,! 

>j\ibj\) ,  And  she  sent  to  her,  and  mac 
peace  vith  her,  and  toothed  her  mincl,  ai 


\ 


(207) 


nid  to  ber,  I  desre  to  go  ont  into  the  gtxden, 
to  mmmfsdtinA  the  nght  of  its  trees  and 
fruhi,  ud  that  my  heizt  (breast)  may  be 
dilated  by  ill  flowed. 

jXe  mdr,  The  beginnings  tiie  first  part 
^  (of  a  day).    The  fizrt  seat  of  pieoedency. 

Aed  kc  oadaeted  me  into  a  large  sabterranean 
daab8;nd,  hanog  seated  me  at  the  upper 
adtftlit<^smber,  brought  me  some  fooi( 

lJju0  «^,  A  shell,  a  shell-fish,  a  pearl, 
flutbsofpeaiL    An  oyster.     ^^f.W 

d^fr),  Miaf  atjawdnl.     The  purple 

M^  (mmrtxj,  which  was  found  on  tiie 
1^  BHr  Tjre,  snd  wi^  wfaich  tiie  ancient 
PIsDdiai  nade  liie  eelebrated  Tyrian  dye. 
Tbe  Bomerm  which  this  beantifnl  purple  was 
&3<dBeoTered  is  thus  related  by  uie  mytho- 
{%&tE:— As  the  nymph  Tyros,  who  was 
^^sni  Vy  HercoleB,  was  walking  on  the 
tbere,  her  dog  broke  a  small  shell  with  his 
fectii,  nd  hk  mouth  immediately  became  dyed 
vi^  n  brflliaDt  a  colour,  that  the  nymph 
^«^  to  her  lofer  that  unless  he  could 
pnesn  fiir  ber  a  robe  of  the  same  tint,  she 
voeld  ne  htm  mi  more.  Hercules  aooord- 
32iT  gathered  a  number  of  shells,  and  haTing 
^«  a  evment  in  the  blood  of  the  murtx^ 
F<EM&«i  it  to  his  mistress,  who  was  first 
akoid  lith  that  splendid  purple,  which  was 
^^ffwarda  imerred  for  the  use  of  princes  and 

JAtf  M,  Troth,  Tonicity,  sinoerity. 
Ij^  Vifll^jfi  JJuJl,  Truth  is 

Uoor,  aad  faliehood  vileness. 
^-U  iad!a^,  Alms ;  that  part  of  an  es- 
tite  dediested  to  pious  uses*   ^ju^\ji 

<^^ijJ1  ni^,   Jewelled  gifts  are 

^*v  to  thy  heut  than  the  times  of  prayer, 
>ad  Itvidi  opense  in  dowers  prefersed  by  thee 

*^  M^  Beating,  hmising.     i^Xc 

"^  (pi.  c^U  Ju»),  A  hlow,  contact, 
'"'^^^  idrenity,  a  blow  of  fortune. 
;i^  ndir,  Breasts.    Vizirs,  ministers. 


^m 


JiXc  «4(  /fem,  J^jui),  A  sincere 

fraad.  '  "      ' 

^J^  «f*/aA,  The  scrofula  or  evil. 
'^Ir*  *»ito,  Explicitness  of  declara- 


tion.    '  A»-U.tf  MrdAa&m,  ad.  *Ezpli« 

citly,  in  the  most  explicii  manner. 

\j^  tardkh,  Crying,  to  cry.  is^y.^  tarkhdt, 

A  cry,  an  exchtmatiou.     (jl^ma^  Uii 

-*tjVi^  is^-^  ^Jlc  ,  And  when  I  heard 

his  words,  I  looked  at  him  with  a  scrutinizing 
eye,  and  recognized  him ;  and  I  cried  out  at 
him  with  a  great  cry. 

tL^  iirdt,  A  way,  a  direct  road. 

uJC^  Morrdf,    A  hanker,    a  money* 

changer. 

5j^  iurraty  A  group,  a  bundle  of  clothes. 
j^j^  tarior  (pl.y^\;^)>  A  cricket. 
^U^  Mr^a,  The  epilepsy. 

$arf,  Turning  (anything)  out  of 

^e  direction  it  was  taking.  The  grammar, 
accidenoes,  or  etymology  of  a  language.   Sheer, 

mere,     a^^  uJ^  tarfwa  nahn  (£ty- 

mologj  and  syntax),  grammar  in  generaL  Sx- 
pense,  disbursement.  Yicissitude  of  fortune. 
Sir/f    Pure,  unmixed  (wine). 

^JJ^  9arflf  Grammatical 

uJ^^  wrUf,  Changes,  vicissitudes.  ^jJI 

Time  consists  of  two  days ; — this  happy,  and 
that  oppressive :  and  life  of  two  parts ; — ^this 
pleasure,  and  that  trouble.  Say  to  him  who 
nas  taunted  us  on  account  of  the  vicissitudes 
of  the  time.  Does  fortune  persecute  any  but 
ti^e  eminent  P 

tja  surrah,  A  money  bag,  purse,  or 
group.  The  treasure  sent  to  Mekka  and 
Medina  each  year  by  His  Imperial  Majesty 
the  Sultan,  and  yarious  functionaries,  fur  tjie 
support  of  yarioos  officers  or  pensioners  at- 
tached to  the  sacred  places. 

f^f^  sarih,  Clear,  evident.  Pure,  un- 
mixed. fC/^  Jp^  f  The  undisguised 
truth. 

u-,i*rr  ia^hf  Hard,  difficult,  arduous, 
rough,  troublesome,  disagreeable. 

j:j^  sartor,  Origan.  [ing. 

\*)ji^  iu^ada'f  Deep,  long-fetched  breath- 
\jjt0a  $a^dp  Saada.     A  large  town  i^ 


(208) 


Temeti,  nitjpanuMigtflHiiu  Sanaa.  Shaiiitu 
Bajri  that  it  vas  eelebriited  for  the  preparadoo 
of  fine  leather,  and  also  tm  the  brautj  of  iti 

v' V'  -  lajJui,  Foor,  indigent. 

!jyt^  lu^ahat,  Difflcoltf ,  trouble,  afflio- 

lifJt^  w^lli,  Awent,  to  ascend,  ^j\  mJ 
Jaj\  i^j^j  i^'*  ^j^  iX^  OJJuw 

JUy>i>rj^Ujlj  j'^\j  *Uj,  Then 
1  climbed  up  a  loltf  tree,  and  began  to  look 
from  it  to  the  right  and  left,  bat  aav  noDght 
■ave  ■kf  and  water,  and  treea  and  birdi,  and 
ialanda  and  sanda, 

>l»jt^  ta^d.  Earth,  dust  on  the  suiface 
of  the  earth.  j.a-*  iX^ibe,  Higher  Egypt. 

j\jw  tighAr  (pi.  otjJLs),  Small.  XS 
JJl^j,  The  great  and  the  smalL    ijl 

tktJI  t.,;,^^ ,  I  have  seen  her  many 
times,  and  ahe  waa  my  eompaiuoD  when  we 

wereL""'-  -■^^■^    -     >-■ • 

quaint 

jjUtf  laghaj/r,  Bmall  or  venial  eins. 
^jL«  lighr,  Smallnesa,  lightnesB.  ^J^, 

Tender  age. 
i^J^  tughra'.  The  minor   term  of  a 

ijlloginn.    The  noaUeit. 
jJt^  laghlr  (fern,  ij^).  Small. 
i—A-e  taf,  A  seriea,  order,  rank,  rov,  file 

(of  toldien). 
Utf  lafA,  FlesBUre,  joy,  feativity,  delight, 

J  J^Ul.  'liasj  ^;m>£ 

he  oeaeed  not  to 
a  jojM  hMrt,  and  a 


'.    (Utf),    QnalitieB. 

H  nbHiiyah,  The 
attribute*  of  Ood,  aa 
ring,  knowing,  etc. 
M%aA,  The  nega- 


tive attaibntca,  aa  fellowleaneM,  il^ititii 
in  time  or  qnce,  etc. 
^U^  taf&r,  Falenesa. 

i^lL)  *ag&rat,  A  hollow  tnbe,  wilh  wWc 
theT  make  a  tonnd  which  deco|i  pigtoiUi  u 
calu  aaaea  to  water, 

<_JlL0  (t/d/,  Qoing  into  the  order 
battle.    A  battle,  flg-ht,  action. 

^IftljLa  Iifalan,  The  metropolis  of  Gel- 
or  Peraian  Irak  (the  ancient  Parthii).  It 
raid  to  have  been  founded  above  800  ja 
before  the  Chriatian  era,  and  denTat  iti  nui 
aa  (uppoeed,  from  iipahan  or  tepalwi  [oTaln 
that  being  the  principal  atatioii  for  Ike  Pena 
armies,  which,  in  all  timea,  hafa  connir^ 
cbiefij  of  horae.  It  waa  before  the  mft 
CjTua  the  capital  of  the  Persian  empire ;  b 
Persepolia,  Susa,  Hadain  (Ctcaiphoa),  u 
other    cities,   haiing   afterwaidi   allenW 


6a  the  fall  of  that  family",  howerer,  tl 
djnaaty  of  the  Uozafferiana  (concucmn)  i 
tached  IhemaelTea  to  Shirai,  wbick  coDDnii 
to  be  the  Beat  of  goremment  till  Ike  eleniu 
of  the  Sed  famif]r  in  the  sixteenth  ceator 

a  whom,  but  particularly  by  Shah  AbW  tl 
eat  (or  the  Cmel),  lapahan  wai  renJm 
the  moat  eitenaiTe  aiid  moat  nwgnillGeat  <ss 

SjLe  tifiU,  Qoalily,  attrihnte,  propert; 
farm,  apedea,  mode,  mwner,  deaaiptiu 
Epithet.     An  adjcotiTe,  noon. 

^^  la/k,  Fardoning.    Clemency.   J 

•  t/'"'  ^  Jlil)  •  ^^'  ^  ^'^ 

*  JL*»-1 1-1^/^  ^  ^J  I  Fortmie  h 

.%i 

for  the  wolf  from  utter  dcatroction ;  and  i 
Tineyard  ia  for  ms  alone ;  I  hare  no  itaj 
and  liolent  partner. 

i«**  lofhai  or  ia/iah  (pi.  ti-'U**), 
face.    A  aide,  a  page,  an  etpanae,  a  turtani 

JlA^  Safad.  Seren  leagues  to  the  not 
of  Tabaiia,  on  the  brow  of  a  hill,  standi 
town  or  Tillage  of  Safad.  Under  the  ^t> 
ment  of  Dahcf  el  Omar,  an  Arabian  ou^' 


\Ju 


(809) 


ilooriifaedihefe,  in  which  the  Motnalifl  (docton) 
isstnicted  yoath  in  the  science  of  grammar, 
ind  th^  tllegorical  interpetation  of  the  Koran. 
The  Imemes,  who  hehere  the  M  eesiali  will 
otabliih  the  seat  of  hie  Empire  at  Sa&d, 
hare  in  affection  for  thii  place,  to  which  they 
nnrt  from  every  part  of  (he  globe. 

^jc  Sarfand,  The  old  Sarepta,  cele- 

hrated  ii  the  residence  of  the  prophet  Elijah. 
Here  he  dwelt  with  the  widow  woman,  blesa- 
iagherhoRlof  meal  that  it  did  not  waste, 
tnd  h«r  enne  of  oil  that  it  did  not  fail,  nntil 
the  Lord  nstored  plenty  to  the  Imid. 

jL  »fr,  ffiaing,  whistling. 

/^  «/«*,  The  second   month  of  the 

MihoDdaQ  year.    5i/r,  A  cypher. 

\i^  tcfri  (fem.),  Yellow,  pale,  livid. 
The  bile.  [an  egg. 

Sjiff  nfnU,  Yellowness.     The  yolk  of 
JjjLs  ufirawi,  Bilious,  choleric. 
^"^^  tifiaf,  A  willow,  an  osier. 

Jirf  tafkf  Flapping  (as  a  bird  its  wiogs). 
CUppiog  the  hands,  applauding. 

kU  mfWf  Brightness,  the  purest  part. 
i^  wfioat,  The  best  or  purest  part. 

v-^1  l^  iofwat  al  lalb,  Purity  of 
^•Mrt,  peace  of  mind. 

•yrf  itf/i^  Liberal ;  forgiving. 
^^  »ufuf{^\.  of  cJ-tf),  ranks. 


'^*ufeh,  This  term  is  generally  applied 
^  E?ypt  to  a  shelf  of  marble,  or  of  common 
''ocf,  iboQt  four  feet  high,  suOTorted  by  two 
•r  more  arches,  or  by  a  single  arch,  under 

*  jf*'  "*  placed  utensils  in  ordinary  use, 
^  u  perfoming-TeflBeU,  and  the  basm  and 
*»ir  which  arc  used  for  washing  before  and 

*  -ff  meals,  and  for  the  ablution  preparatory 
■V  prayer.  Water-bottles,  coffee-cups,  etc., 
«'-  J|la«d  upon  the  snffch.  This  term  is  also 
*??|tai  to  a  bench,  or  sofa,  and  to  a  porch,  or 
^M  fertibnle,  or  the  like. 

j^«A  {fevLLLfi),  Pure,  clear,  bright, 
"-^t^  upright, 

^^  Mfihat,  The  surface,  the  exterior. 

I'^lnaJest  side  of  anything.    A  thin  plate. 
-*-ff  «/ir,   Sound,   clangour,   hissing, 

'^■;»^.   Singing  (as  a  bird).    A  sapphire. 

\^^  ufih^  (A  garment)  of  a  coarse 
il'^  lid/,  Polishing.     Polish,  lustre. 

*  "^  F««  or  calendar  for  smoothing  or 
f;«a^  dothea.      SMkJtal,   A   polisher,  an 


JuSU^tf  saJtdlibat,  The  northern  nations, 
the  Sclavonians,  the  Scythians. 

jLa  sakr,  Any  bird  of  prey.    jSLp ^-iJ 

BinT  takr,  The  descendants  of  Sakr.  A 
powerftil  tribe  of  Bedouins,  who  live  br  the 
Dreeding  of  camels  for  the  use  of  the  pil^m 
caravan,  of  which  they  have  a  very  consider- 
able number.  Though  smaller  than  the 
Anatolian,  Turkman,  or  Kurd  camels,  they 
are  better  able  to  bear  heat  and  thirst  than 
the  latter. 

fjLa  aakl,  Polishing,  famishing. 

vi^-^  iakak  (pi.  of  uXtf  sakk).  Legal 
documents  issued  for  a  court  of  justice. 

^  sail,  A  basilisk,  a  serpent  proof 
against  incantation  (an  imaginary  monster 
with  a  round  face,  the  distant  sight  or  sound 
of  which  makes  every  creature  to  fly,  the  neur 
approach  of  which  is  instant  death). 

iiLfi  saldhat,  Hardness,  severity,  rigour, 
firmness. 

SLa  Boldt,  A  prayer,  benediction.  iflZJt 
ijb^l.  The  Lord's  Prayer. 

^IL^  ioldta  (Italian  word  used  in  Arabic), 
A  salad. 

JLc  saldh,  Bectitude,  probity,  virtue, 
integrity,  honour,  honesty,  devotion. 

dU»-)L)  Boldhiyyat^  Fitness,  right,  validity, 
authority  (to  act). 

<Ua>>iiirfi    Saldhiah,    or    Salahii,   Is   the 

name  of  a  beautiful  suburb  of  Damascus, 
lying  at  the  foot  of  the  western  mountain, 
about  a  mile  from  the  limits  of  the  city,  but 
connected  with  it  by  gardens,  orchards,  and 
the  villas  of  the  rich.  This  name  is  derived 
from  Salaheddin,  the  weU-known  Saladin, 
King  of  Syria. 

ijy*^  saldmora  (Italian  used  in  Arabic), 
Brine,  pickle. 

i^^\  ^  salb,  Crucifixion.    To  crucify. 

^^  U^l  Jjji  ^Ul,  ^LLL  ^^1 

And  she  smiled,  and  said  to  him,  Did  I  not 
tell  thee  that  he  was  the  son  of  a  Sultan  ?  By 
God !  I  will  make  him  crucify  thee  u^on  a 
piece  of  wood  worth  a  couple  of  pieces  of  silver ! 

u^pJu^  stdh,  The  lion,  the  flank. 
^^.jLitf  salhl,  Proceeding  from  the  loins. 

{jL^Lc  Salt,  The  town  of  Salt  is  situated 
on  the  declinty  of  a  hill,  or  tongue  of  land, 

14 


(210) 


L.^ 


miming  into  a  nild  and  romantic  yallej,  and 
surrounded  on  all  sides  by  steep  mountains. 
It  is  almost  the  only  inhabited  place  in  the  pro- 
Tince  of  Belka.  The  people  cultoyate  the  ground 
round  their  habitations,  and  live  a  g^ood  part 
of  the  year  under  tents,  to  watch  the  harrest 
and  to  pasture  their  cattle.  Nevertheless 
they  have  some  dealings  with  the  Bedouins. 
Their  houses  are  small  and  flat-roofed,  with  a 
door,  but  rarely  a  window,  the  ceiling  resting 
on  an  arch.  They  rise  in  terraces,  one  above 
another,  on  the  hill,  the  crest  of  which  is 
occupied  by  a  castle,  with  square  flanking  pro- 
jections. The  walls  are  thirty  feet  high,  with 
abutments  of  support  in  the  ditch,  and  an 
extensive  l^e  of  defence,  finishing  with  a 
high  terrace  round  a  court  In  the  hands  of 
natives  against  natives,  it  is  almost  impregnable. 

£^  ndh,  Peace,  concord,  reconciliation^ 
pacification.  [men. 

\J^  iulaU  (pi.  of  ^U  aaUh),  VirtuouB 

jJu0  Bold^  Hard,  solid,  strong.     Smooth 

hard  stones. 
JLaLtf  saUal,  Clay  mixed  with  sand. 

wiLtf  scd^am,  An  abbreviation  in  writing 
(added  often  to  the  name  of  Mahomet)  formed 

from  the  following  words,  ^lJlc  ^\  ^X^ 

JL»^,  The  blessing  and  peace  of  God 

be  with  him  1 
sLa   siUty   A  meeting,  junction.    The 
*  antecedent  of  a  relative  pronoun. 
uzj\^  salawat  (pi.  of  SjL?  and  ifL^), 

Prayers. 
ifJu0  aalutf  Prayer. 

8aUa\  May  God  look  with  favour 
(upon  Muhammed),  in  the  ejaculation 

t_--t^  »alibj  A  cross,  a  crucifix. 
•  •• 

U^  iammd  (pi.  f^  8umm),  Deaf,  dumb, 

one  that  can  neither  hear  nor  be  heard. 
aUm0  $amdtn,  Misfortune,  deafness. 

l::,.v»^  sami,    Silence;    being     silent. 

L.sf^\  Aib\  k^^mi>  l::-^^.J1,  Silence 
procures  love  for  those  who  keep  it. 


^ 


\j\j^,  Taciturnity  is  an  ornament,  aa 

in  silence  is  security;  therefore,  when  the 
speakest,  be  not  loquacious  *.  for  iif  tiiou  reps 
once  of  thy  silence,  thou  wilt  assuredly  repd 
many  times  of  thy  speech. 

Ls,A>0a  sumtai,  Silence,  taciturnity. 

S4^  samad,  Perpetual,  eternal,  peimi 
nent.  ["f^J 

jXoa^  iomidm  or  X^Lo^^m^,  A  shal 

samaghf  Gum,  the  tears  of  a  plai^ 

>,GumAnbi 


an  aromatic.  \^,j^  \ 

samghat,  One  lump  of  gum. 
samut,  Silent. 

>  «mmf  ^,Silent,tacitnm,Batamin 
samim,  Pure,  unmixed,  sincet 
The  best  part  (of  anything).  ^^ 
K^S&W  f^A^i  Prom  the  bottom  of  tl 
heart,  cordially,  affectionately.   L^ 

So  when  the  Idng  heard  these  words  from  b 
he  rejoiced,  and  his  heart  became  tranquilliz^ 
and  he  thanked  her  for  tiiem :  his  love  for  \ 
increased,  and  penetrated  to  his  heart's  cor 

^^4>^^A^  aamimi,  Cordial,  sincere. 

jj  jU^  sanddid,  Kings,  princes,  cbie 
generals.    Troops,  battalions. 

^Litf  sind^f  Art,  industry.     A  p 
fession,    trade.       i^^t    Artificii 

in  the  hand  is  safety  from  poverty. 
«JLi0  9andif%^  and  lZj\&\:^  iona^ 

Arts.    *  cjUL-JI  ^Ji 


(211) 


ind  IS  for  tiie  arts  of  those  who  practise 
hudiciift,  their  panait  furnishes  nothing 
beyond  bate  maintenanoe ;  and,  besides  that, 
mef  are  oot  grailable  at  all  times,  for  the 
oerose  of  them  is  chiefty  confined  to  the 
Tigoar  of  life.  Kor  hare  I,  on  experience,  dis- 
coTered  n  single  method  of  subsistence  that 
offen  piizes  both  precious  and  easy  to  win, 
tbit  is  tnilj  agreeable,  that  yields  abundant 
gsinsy  or  IB  t  source  of  clear  profit,  except 
tiut  whereof  Saam  laid  the  foundation  while 
be  OTKtised  it  in  a^  its  Tarious  branches,  and 
iBUt  iti  splendour  to  shine  in  e^ery  direction, 
ud  displayed  it  as  a  lantern  to  g;nide  the  sons 
of  dost  [wood. 

Jx^sMiaij  The  sandal,  an  odoriferous 


j^Jb»0  undak  (or  ^^ JkX.^),  A  cheBt,  a 
casket,  eo&r,  box>  trunk.  ji^jM^jjkxs? 

h/\  Ijllli  tLj  Jjy  A«J1  ^  \i]ji 
U,  •i>-jj\ji\  \yJii  Uli  \j\j\  '\jAsry 

*^;i ,  Jufar  and  Hesroor  then  broke  it 

open,  and  they  found  in  it  a  basket  of  palm- 
J«Te>,  sewn  up  with  red  worsted.  And  they 
mt  the  threads,  and  saw  within  it  a  piece  of 
cvpet,  and  lifting  up  this  they  found  oeneath 
:t  n  izar  (a  Teil),  and  when  they  had  taken 
op  the  ml  they  disoovered  under  it  a  damsel 
^le  a  bar  of  molten  silver,  killed,  and  cut  in 
pitoes. 

^:<^^  nnM^  Violent  (wind  or  heat). 

^  tim^  or  wn^t  Creation,  action,  pre« 
pwjtioa,  work. 

«^  Sanul,  A  pleasant  city  in  Arabia. 

Tl?  ancient  eapital  of  Yemen,  or  Arabia  Felix, 
>ftl  the  seat  of  the  Arab  soyereigns,  who  were 
t-Jlfid  Tohaa,  iuat  aa  the  kings  of  Egypt  were 
'^ed  Phanon,  those  of  Abyssinia  Negashi, 
tl'^  of  Persia  Kesra,  those  of  Tartary  Kha- 
Ua  or  Khan,  those  of  the  Ottoman  empire 
^Bltass,  etc  Their  xeaidence  was  in  its  citadel, 
'>ilisd  Gamdan,  where  there  was  also  a  temple 
^^t  in  ii?alry  to  that  of  Mecca  (the  Eaaba) 
ifl  coei  of  hrathenism.  The  Muasulmen  say 
that  the  eitv  and  citadel  were  founded  by  Shem, 
tu  sQfa  of  Noah,  who,  after  his  father  s  death, 
'[^•^"ii^ south warda  with  his  posterity,  found 
u^"*  thf  W  site  in  the  world,  and  dug  the 
▼'-"  there  nd  founded  the  temple,  and  that 
^  VM  andeDtly  called  Azal.  The  city  of 
^*^3x  la  a  lam  mercantile  town,  situated  in 
a  vell-itatered  diatricty  about  100  miles  from 
.^dtn. 

M»^<^  A  profeasion,  art,  trade. 


M*fi 


\9un^^,  InduBtriousy  clever-handed. 
S%in\ty  Artificial. 

u,iv*n  Binf,  Article.     A  part,  portion, 
kind,  species,  genus,  form. 

i^0^  »anamy  An  idol,    y^  sanik,  Akin. 


*  l-jU.  c-jU  ^^j  *^*w^5r*:>- ,  But 

always  advance  boldly,  even  to  meet  a  lion, 
for  tne  boldness  of  the  heart  ffiyea  speech  to 
the  tongue,  and  releases  from  tne  restraints  of 
false  reserve,  and  thereby  rank  may  be  gained 
and  wealth  secured ;  wbHsreas  timidity  is  akin 
to  sloth,  and  a  cause  of  inefficiency,  and  occa- 
sions delay  in  action  and  the  failure  of  hopes ; 
and  to  this  effect  are  the  words  of  the  proverb : 
The  bold  will  prosper,  but  the  timid  faiL 

fj^^A:^  or    ^^g^eJ^*^!!   Assadamein    (the 

two  idols).  A  very  considerable  town  on  the 
Hajji  route,  with  several  ancaent  buildings  and 
towers,  but  very  thinly  inhabited.  In  one 
hoar  from  Sanamein,  there  is  the  village  of 
Biay,  and  in  one  hour  more  Ghabarib,  where 
there  is  a  ruined  castle,  and  on  the  side  of 
the  road  a  stone  reservoir,  with  a  copious 
spring.  Similar  cisterns  are  met  at  everj^ 
station  on  the  Hajji  route  as  far  as  Mekka. 

J  ftiMtf  «afM»u^5ar,Pine-nut,pine-tree.  j^Mi^ 

CJU^  \i*j>^  sanatffbar  harsh  heirUt, 

The  wood  of  the   fir  or  .  the  pine-trees  of 
Beyrut;    or   the    grove    of    stone-pines    of 
Beyrut    planted   by  the    Emir  Fakhreddin 
Maan.      In  summer   it  is   inoonvenient  to 
reside  at  Beyrut  on  account  of  the  heat  and 
the  warmth  of  the  water.     The  town,  how- 
ever, is  not  unhealthy,  though  it  was  formerly, 
and  it  has  ceased  to  be  unhealthy  since  the 
Emir  Fakhereddin  planted  the  beautiful  grove 
in  question.  The  trees  are  now  of  an  immense 
size  and  occupy  an  eminence  which  commands 
a  view  of  the  sea,  the  promontory  and  town 
of  Beyrut.      Their  wide-spreadine  summits 
form    an  impenetrable  shade,  ana  the  soft 
breezes  from  the  sea  as  they  murmur  through 
the  boughs  seem  to  invite  the  weary  traveller 
to  repose.     It  ia  a  favourite  retreat  of  the 
inhabitants  of    Beyrut  in  summer  and  fine 
weather. 

smaf,  Different  sorts. 


i^j*^  Uj^j^\ 


^ 


(212) 


Jf^ 


And  afterwards  she  enchanted  the  city  and  all 
in  it.  The  inhabitants  of  our  city  were  of  four 
classes, — Moslims  and  Chriatians,  and  Jews 
and  Magians. 

MMl^,  Any  work  of  art,  an  opera- 

tion,  creation,  performance.  ^U^c^ 
tanl^atf  An  art,  an  action^  a  benefit,  or  the 
person  apon  whom  it  is  confeired. 

8ann\n,   Tbe  highest  range    of 

Mount  Lebanon.  The  Arabian  poets  say 
that  ''the  Sannin  bears  winter  on  nisheao, 
spring  upon  his  shoulders,  and  autumn  in  his 
bosom,  while  summer  lies  Blee]}ingat  his  feet*' 
That  is  to  say,  that  if  in  Beirut  you  are  in- 
commoded bT  the  heats  of  JuIt,  in  six  hours 
you  are  in  the  mountains  in  the  temperature 
of  February  and  March. — Dfcription  of  th$ 
Mountawii  of  Syria:  Between  Alexandretta 
and  the  Orontes  the  firs,  larches,  oaks,  box- 
trees,  laurels,  yews,  and  myrtles,  with  which 
these  mountains  abound,  gtye  them  an  air  of 
liveliness  which  delights  the  trayeller.  On 
some  declivities  he  meets  with  cottages  en- 
▼ironed  with  fig-trees  and  rineyards,  and  the 
sight  of  these  repays  the  fatigue  he  has  en- 
dured on  a  road  which,  by  rugged  paths,  leads 
him  from  the  bottoms  of  yallevs  to  the  tops  of 
hills,  and  from  the  tops  of  bins  to  the  bottoms 
of  valleys.  The  inferior  chain  of  mountains 
which  extends  to  the  northward  of  Aleppo  nre- 
eents  notibing  but  bare  rocks,  without  verdure 
or  earth.  To  the  south  of  Antioch,  and  on  the 
sea-coast,  the  hill-sides  are  well  suited  for  the 
enltivation  of  tobacco,  olives,  and  vines ;  but 
on  the  side  of  the  desert  the  summits  and  de- 
clivities of  this  chain  are  almost  one  continued 
series  of  white  rocks.  The  mountains  of 
Alexandretta  are  lofty,  but  are  covered  in 
many  places  with  as  much  earth  as  fits  them 
for  cultivation  by  industry  and  labour.  The 
greatest  part  of  these  mountains  is  watered, 
at  d  the  water  is  very  good.  At  every  step  the 
spectator  meets  witn  scenes  in  which  nature 
displays  either  beauty  or  grandeur,  sometimes 
singularity,  but  always  variety.  When  we 
land  on  the  coast,  tlie  loftiness  and  steep 
ascent  of  this  mountainous  ridge,  which  seems 
to  inclose  the  country, — those  gigantic  masses 
which  shoot  into  the  clouds, — ins])ire  astonish- 
ment and  respect.  Should  the  curious  traveller 
then  climb  th6  summits  which  bounded  his 
view,  the  immensity  of  s^ace  which  he  dis- 
covers becomes  a  fresh  subject  of  admiration. 
But  completely  to  enjoy  this  majestic  scene, 
he  must  ascend  the  highest  elevation.  There, 
on  every  side,  he  will  view  an  horizon  with- 
out bounds ;  while  in  clear  weather  the  sight 
is  lost  over  the  desert  which  extends  to  the 
I'ersian  Gulf,  and  over  the  sea  which  bathes 
the  coast  of  Europe.  He  seems  to  command 
the  whole  worid:  while  the  wandering  eye, 
now  surveying  the  successive  chains  of  moun- 
taiuK,  transports  the  imagination  in  an  instant 
from  Antiooh  to  Aleppo,  and  from  Aleppo  to 


the  plains'  of  Hums,  Hama,  and  Dimaso 
and  now,  approaching  tbe  smroundinf  obj& 
observes  the  distant  profundity  of  me  coi 
till  the  attention,  at  length  attracted  by  do 
objects,  is  more  minutely  drawn  to  the  roc 
woods,  torrents,  hill-sidn,  villages,  and  ton 
and  the  mind  secretly  exults  at  the  diminut 
of  things  which  before  appeared  so  greaL  1 
spectator  contemplates  the  valley  obscured 
stormy  clouds  with  a  novel  delignt,  and  smi 
at  hearing  the  thunder,  which  had  so  often  bv 
over  his  head,  growling  under  his  feet ;  vl 
the  threatening  summits  of  the  mountains 
diminished  till  they  appear  only  like  the  f 
rows  of  a  ploughed  neld,  or  tne  steps  of 
amphitheatre;  and  the  mind  is  flattered  bj 
elevation  above  so  many  great  ohjects, 
which  pride  msJces  it  look  down  with  a  sec 
satisfaction.  When  the  traveller  visits  the 
terior  of  these  mountains,  the  luggedness 
the  roads,  the  steepness  of  the  descents,  i 
the  height  of  the  precipices  strike  him  at  fi 
with  terror,  but  the  sagacity  of  his  mule  sc 
relieves  hixn,  and  he  examines  at  his  ease  tfa< 
picturesque  scenes  which  succeed  each  other 
entertain  him.  There  he  travels  whole  6i 
to  reach  a  place  which  is  in  sight  at  his  dejt 
ture ;  he  winds,  he  deace&di^  he  skirts  i 
hills,  he  dimbe ;  and  in  this  perpetual  duu 
of  position  it  seems  as  if  some  magic  pof 
vaned  for  him  at  every  step  the  decoFStit 
of  the  scenery. 

mj\y0   satodh,    Eectitnde,  jnstness 
acting  or  thinking,  reason,  the  right  w^ 

L^\^\)f  Jastly,  properly. 

<.J;t^  Mwdrif,  The  vidssitades  of  f< 
tone,  accidents,  events,  revolutions. 

(V^^  «ati7arfffi,  Sharp  swonls.  [bol 
fj£^^  Bowd^h  (pi.  of  ^L^),  Thand< 
i\yc  Bowwdgh  and  ^W|  Groldsmiths. 
i^\ye  9awu)dfj  A  woollen-draper. 

%^^^  MWdmi^  (pi.  of  ijL>%yc\  Hcnn 

ages.  [hard  stooe,  a  rd 

ij\ya  MWdnat  (pi.  f^^y^),  A  species 

ij^ya  sawdni,  China,  porcelain. 

i^^  sawhf  A  part,  a  side. 

iZJya  iawt  (pi.  Llj\^\)t  A  voice. 

jy^  siir,  A  trumpet. 

jy^  Sur,  The  ancient  Tyre,  the  nJ 
celebrated  of  the  cities  of  Fhcenicia,  and  ( 
the  emporium  of  the  world,  was  founUfd  \ 
colony  of  Sidonians.  Various  arc  the  opini 
concerning  the  origin  of  Tyre,  and  the  ( 
when  it  was  founded.  Herodotus  (lib.  2,  Ci 
says,  that  he  was  told  by  the  priests  of  T] 
that  the  Temple  of  Hercules  was  as  one 
as  the  city,  which  had  bean  already  built  I 


o^ 


(213) 


U 


rtm.  Aeeorfior  to  Udf  •eeovnt,  Tyre  was 
fooodfld  about  the  ynr  2760  before  the 
Cbndan  at;  469  yem  eflnr  the  Deluge, 
•noring  to  the  dnonology  of  the  Lu. 
1/  m  rajere  aome  of  the  sncient  mTtholo- 
p^  7jn  «H  fmuidfid  b j  Agenor,  the  eon 
ol  Kcpime  and  Libya,  and  the  &ther  of 
CidBH,  Sjrrai,  Cflix,  Phcenix,  and  Eoropa. 
Itmoamed  in  the  district  allotted  to  the 
tiibeof  Aiher,  thooj^  nerer  completely  aab- 
{"jhy  ibe  Itraelitet.  It  was  early  eele- 
"^■tBd  ftt  ik  pre-endnenoe  in  the  arts  and 
lataM,  in  mnmeroe  and  nayigation.  The 
^powv  of  die  Tyzians  upon  tbe  Mediter- 
p— Seaaad  erernqmi  tae  ocean  is  #eU 
npffB.  Anoagat  the  nnmerow  colonies 
wiiymeot  oDt  to  distant  regions,  thus 
cBodii^thebeneilte  of  dnlixatioa  to  ooon- 
toi  vhn  woe  then  considered  as  the  most 


>of  Oe  habitable  globe,  Carthage  and 
^  ted  foremost  in  historical  interest 
iK^mar  waa  the  enemy  and  rifal  of  Rome. 
|nadie  Istter  an  expedition  went  out  and 
unmad  a  aev  wortd.  Many  important 
■^tt^oBata  OB  the  coast  of  Arabia,  and  even 
oatk  Ubb  Oeeaa,  bnTe  a  similar  origin. 
^  Mil  deatmetioB  was  effected  by  the 
Aa^riiBi  vder  Nebodiadnezzar  (573  B.a), 
'rarthiitaeD  years'  siege,  one  of  the  longest 
r^rdad  ia  hiatory.  The  fhll  of  Insular 
Iptkibeaa  so  leas  remarkable.  Aleiander 
w  Great  had  already  made  himself  master  of 
«  vh4^  of  Sjnn  gild  pm^  0f  Phoenicia, 

y^Tjre,  file  insular  town,  atill  offered  an 
f*"**  reMtaaoe  to  hia  Tictorions  aims. 
^^°^  Vaereral  nnsacoeesfol  attemnta  to 
IJi™^  bf  tea,  he  eoneeired  the  bold  aesign 
"AuiBgap  the  channel  which  aeparated  it 
E^  the  oootineit.  This  wss  effected  by 
^DAgpOe^iato  the  sea,  and  throwing  into 
feeBJeryMUBg apace  immense  blocks  of  stones^ 
nd  ooferiag  them  with  sand.  On  this  arti- 
™  Bois  he  erected  fais  battering  rams, 
*«^ifter  level  months'  ebae  sieg^  the  in^ 
i^uni^  attacked  Bimnltaneonaly  by  sea 
adbj  ]iad,  sad  the  town  being  aet  on  fire, 
«Kad«ed  to  the  Macedonian  kmg. 

;f  nwor  (pL  of  9jy^),  Images,  etc. 

Kt  *^^t  An  image^  form,  figure,  face, 

'^i  ^^"^  eoontenaBce,  appearance,  re- 

'^^loce,  pietnrs,  portrait.     A  copy,  tran- 

, "%  ifailiact.  [rently,  eztnnsically. 

/;^  *ir«<My  To  appearance,  appa- 

\jf  imefhj  Creating,  fabricating.    Melt- 

^'"P^Si  ezerdaing  the  art  of  a  goldsmith. 

^r^ ««/;  Vod.   iiy^ ,  A  flock,  or  lock 

Sr^<^  1  raligioos  man  of  the  order 

p^M;  heace  the  snmame  of  the  kings  of 


^r  *Ai,  or 


a  cify  of 


Xmopeaa  Turkey,  proT.  Bulgaria,  near  its 
W.  extremity,  in  a  fine  plain  on  the  Bog^ana, 
a  tribntary  of  the  Isker,  93  miles  SSE.  Widin, 
and  166  miles  8W.  Rostehak.  The  popula- 
tion was  estimated  at  48,000  in  1862.  Sophia 
ii  generally  considered  as  the  capital  of 
Bavaria,  and  as  holding  a  high  rank  among 
tiie  cities  of  European  Twkey.  The  sitnatioii, 
however,  is  the  most  onfaTonrable  that  could 
have  beien  chosen  for  a  city:  sunk  in  a 
hollow,  it  is  oonatantly  liable  to  be  immdated; 
and  withont  canals  to  canj  off  the  anper- 
abnndant  watera  of  the  Isker,  the  plain  is 
almost  lost  to  the  labour  of  the  sgriculturist. 
The  ciW  is  the  residence  of  the  GoTemor  of 
Boumeua,  and  of  Greek  and  Boman  Catholie 
archbishops.  It  has  manufactures  of  woollen 
and  ailk  stnfis,  leather,  and  tobaeoo,  and  an 
extenaiTe  general  trade.  There  are  aome 
warm  baths.  Thia  city,  founded  by  Justinian, 
was  built,  it  is  aaid,  on  the  rains  of  the 
ancient  Snrdica.  [asaault 

iiy>c  MwM,  A  determined  attack,  rush, 

^^Lp^  iawlqfdn,  A  kind  of  dab,  hooked 

.    at  the  end,  with  which  horsemen  strike  a 
wooden  ball  in  a  game  peculiar  to  the  East 

/^yc  Mt£wi,  A  fiist,  fasting. 

wv^  $awma^  (or  in^ya),  A  monasterj 

(especially  wi&  towers  and  belfreya^,  a  cloister, 
celt  hermitage.  Suma^hf  A  baiting  phice, 
an  inn,  a  chamber. 

^ya  Mowny  De^Bnce,  etc.    See  ^U^. 

Mhrlj  (pL  ^^Iftf),  A  cistern, 


reeerroir. 


j^  %akr  (pi.  \j^\  Son-in-law. 
y^yt^  SahfUn^  Sion. 

^^^f^  Sahyikn,  A  town  haTing  a  very 

atrong  and  impregnable  fortress,  within  which 
there  is  plenty  m  water  in  ciatema  from  the 
rains.  It  is  situated  on  the  decliyity  of  a  high 
mountain,  and  it  can  be  aeen  from  Latakia. 

jUi0  iayyddy  A  hnnter,  a  fowler.  JUi^ 
uXimDI,  a  fisher.  ^^Ijll^,  A 
falooner.    Jjhl  ^^j^^f^t^ji  jL^lj 

clJj^l.»H,  And  the  fisherman  became 

the  wealthiest  of  the  people  of  his  age.  His 
BOOS  became  princes,  and  ms  dsughters  became 
the  wives  of  kings. 

uJ^Litf  9aydr%f  (pi.  of  uJ\.itf),  Bankers. 
As\^  iijfdghat,  The  art  of  a  goldsmith. 
isL.0  iiif&m,  Fasting. 

ijL^ftydiia^,  Defence.  Ohserration.  To 


(214) 


U 


guard.  ^jAJ  «Ujy  ^j  CSs^jui\  ^j^ 

idLyaiSj  j^J]  ^J^jty  Guard  tby  secret 

from  another:  entnut  it  not;   for  he  who 
entnuteth  a  secret  has  lost  it. 

..^%M0  sayh,  Being  well  directed  (arrow), 
hitting  the  mark.  ^U^  »%'ibSn,  Nits. 
9it,  Fame,  good  reputation. 

Myh  (Jk^^c),  Exclaiming.    An  ex- 
clamation, damonr.    The  crowing  of  a  cock. 
^sofhatt  Anexclamation,  cry,  shrink. 


4Xm0  iaffd,  The  chase,  hunting..  Prey, 
game.    (^^ai-ftJIj  Ju^l  ^\  ^^ jS? 


VilCSj,  They  went  hunting  and  chas- 
ing, and  they  hunted  gazelles,  wild  oxen,  hares, 
lions,  hyenas,  and  other  beasts  in  abundance. 

ijcM0  Sayda,  Sidon  in  Phoenicia.  The 
modem  town  of  Sidon,  the  representatiTe  of 
the  ancient  capital  of  Phoenicia,  an^  one  of 
the  most  flourishing  and  illustrious  of  the 
Phcenidan  towns,  is  situated  on  a  rising 
ground  orerhanging  the  sea.  The  old  city 
extended  further  to  ue  eastward  of  the  present 
and  alon|f  the  coast  It  is  supposed  by  some  to 
hare  denyed  its  name  from  the  eldestof  the  sons 
of  Canaan,  its  reputed  founder.  Others  deduce 
it  from  the  Syriac  word  8aMa^  which  signifies 
*'  piscatio.' '  If  the  orisiinal  inhabitants  gained 
their  liTelihood  by  fishing,  the  two  accounts 
mav  be  easily  reconciled.  In  the  diTision  of 
Palatine,  it  was  allotted  to  the  tribe  of  Asher ; 
but  this  tribe  could  nerer  get  possession  of  it 
Its  inhabitants  assisted  &lomon  in  his  pre- 
parations for  the  building  of  the  Temple. 
(*«  The  men  of  Sidon,  being  great  shipwrignts, 
were  particularly  eminent  aboye  SXL  other 
nations  for  hewing  and  polishing  timber: 
there  being  none  who  were  skill^  how  to 
hewtimberliketheSidonians."  1  KingaT.  6.) 
They  were  also  the  inyentors  of  crptal 
glass.  Though  the  mother-dty  of  Tyre,  Sidon 
was  speedily  eclipsed  by  her  in  fame,  riches, 
and  importance.  Ailer  sharing  in  her 
fortunes  for  many  centuries,  Sidon  nas  finally 
•urriTed  her  riyal,  and  is  aj^ain  a  place  of  con- 
siderable trade.  The  situation  is  good,  and  the 
air  salubrious.  The  fertility  of  uie  surround- 
ing country  is  particularly  fayourable  to  the 
growth  of  the  wnite  mulberry-tree,  which  has, 
peihaps,  contributed  mainly  to  its  riches.  The 
streets  in  the  upper  town,  which  stands  upon 
an  acelirity,  are  narrow  and  somlrae,  bemg 
arched  over  in  many  places,  like  tiiose  in 
Jerusalem.  The  lower  part  of  the  town  is 
more  cheerfuL  The  pirdena  of  Saida,  or 
rather  inclosed  plantatioin  of  fruit-tseeiy  ex- 


tend for  a  mile  round  the  town,  and  an 
separated  from  each  other  br  low  stone  ▼tlU 
and  form  a  rich  aone  of  reraure,  which  in  tbi 
flowering  season  is  one  of  the  most  beautify 
sights  in  the  world. 

Lj«ju«0  ^  Jl«  Mt>iinat  Sldanlid,  MediiU 

—    J        mm  t^ 

Sidonia,  a  town  of  Andalusia,  in  Spain,  an  o\< 
colony  of  the  Phoenicians,  who  gave  it  tb 
name  of  their  old  mother-country — Sidon 
Population  9708  in  1867.  It  is  an  old  walle< 
town,  beantiMly  situated  on  the  brow  of  i 
rocky  eminence,  looking  eastwards  orer  a  fin 
champagne  country.  A  castle,  two  pari^l 
l^urcnes,  six  monasteries,  and  two  hocpitali 
are  the  only  public  buildings.  The  chief  em 
ployment  of  the  inhabitants  is  the  manufactui 
of  earthenware,  which  is  conducted  on  a  lar^ 
scale,  furnishing  the  principal  supply  for  Cadu 
SevUle,  and  the  whole  of  Annahuria.  Th 
neighbourhood  is  celebrated  for  its  fine  ^ 
tures,  and  the  rearing  of  cattle  forma  the  mi 
occupation  of  the  rural  population. 

sayr  (or  ij^^a^).  Being,  becoming 
_4^>-  4l^l«'«dytr  laku  Aiimmtf',  H 
has  the  fever.,  ,^_5-*>-  ^  jt*  *dr  kk 
humma*,  He  had  the  fever. 


>" 


CL>Lj]|^  cKSJ  JUjsli.Benotasheme^ 
for  thou  hast  become  my  brother  :  recite  tb< 
the  Terses,  since  they  pleased  me  -when  I  heai 
them  from  thee  as  thou  recited  them  at  tl 
door.  So  upon  this  the  porter  recited  to  hi 
^ose  Terses. 


tUghat^  The  peculiar  termination* 
a  word  in  a  grammatical  view ;  its  form  as  r 
dicatire  of  case,  mood,  tense,  etc.        [bank< 

««yra/ or  ^j^  (pi.  «-i;W)» 

foj^f,  Summer.  <UBytf  Mtfiah,  Tl 
seed-time  of  the  summer  crop,  which  becias 
Syria  with  the  spring  rains,  that  is,  in  mar 
and  April ;  and  their  harrest  is  in  tlie  mont 
of  September  and  October. 

Jw  toyibi/,  A  forbishing  instrument 


^  ddd,  The  fifteenth  letter  of  the  Aral 
alphabet    In  arithmetic  it  expreaes  800. 

kLS  ddM  (fern.  Hojli),  Holding  fin 
prorident.   A  goTernor,  commander,  superi 

chief,  lord,  master,  poaseasor.     Li 
Jil\,  Omnipotent  (Qod). 


Im 


(216) 


U 


^\^idji^,  One  who  redineth  much, 

hmoL  Iidoleol^  bUj,  ibolith.    Aitarwi- 

tiogio^vHt 

L>>U  ikkii,  One  who  is  laughing. 
Aii&iila;  wiggish.  A  niirift,  mocker,  de- 
rider.  Hashing  (doads).  4^1^, 
TW  fai»4Kth  (as  bong  eonspiciioiis  when 

ie  iifT,  Kozions,  detrimentaL 

LjjU  knhy  part  pres.  Beating,  hrois- 
iag,  t^aag,  lUmpmg,  ooxniag.    A  striker, 

better.    J^l^jHf  c^U,  A  eoiner  of 

J;U  iM,  Tnooed  to  busting  (a  d<^). 

Hp  ^fnjwilylnjaryidamagey  detriment 

iJiU  U^i^a  (in  prayer),  May  it  in- 

owe;  as  Mj\ds3\  dSi\  u^U,  May 
W  iaowe  His  power. 

j^  tt(  Straying.     A  preraiicator. 

c  J  iiflf^y  Wandering,  lost  (animal). 

^^^  iimm,  A  sosety,  sponsori  secu- 

itfr,  boniBBsiL 

7^  same  of  fhe  well-known  Daher  who 
m  GofOBor  of  Acre,  and  who,  abont  the 
jv ITf^iolicited  firom  the  Porte  a  perma^ 
Hit  iaiaiUUire  of  flie  goTecnment  of  Puestine 
ar  hiBRlf  and  bis  sacoeasor,  and  demanded  to 
brp«elaiBMd  Shaik  of  Acre,  Prince  of  Princes, 
G*7«nor  of  Kaaaieth,  Tabaria,  and  Safid, 
c^  Sbail  of  all  Galflee. 

^1^  i^l,  Wandering,  lost 

^r^  ioMai  (pL  t-^W),  A  cloud. 

^  Ui,  OoTemment,  direction,  ad- 
■iTi'yUtioa,  disdpliiie,  x^g:nlation,  check, 
tottnA,  kecfnug  in  anbjection  or  obedience. 

^^At»&m,  leqneatration.  k^,  To 
^y—wn,  to  rale  over,  to  watch,  gnard, 
P^*"^  nodeimte,  keep  in  the  line  of  dntj, 
^  To  Kite,  leatadn,  ae(ineBtnte.    To  con- 

fa«tearforfcit  ^,1^^  dCU, 
*M' J^^Lm^Jj,  And  practiae  the 


endnring  spirit  of  the  resolnte,  and  the  for* 
bearance  of  the  discreet  and  prorident,  and 
avoid  the  weakness  of  hasty  impatience,  and 
let  an  easy  temper  be  thy  habit  of  mind ;  re- 
tain thy  dirhems  with  prudent  frugality,  and 
season  liberality  with  parsimony,  neither 
fiMtftning[  thy  hand  tightfj  to  thy  neck,  nor 
yet  openmg  it  ont  to  its  widest  extent 

^<M0  ddb^  (fern.  pi.  ^>^  i¥h^  or  Mm^ 

and  ^Ui)f  A  hyaena,     hu^  daba^i. 

The  female  hTama.  Lebanon,  the  country  of 
the  Druses :  Mablus,  Mount  Carmel,  and  the 
enrirona  of  Alexandretta,  are  their  principal 
haants. 

^  dqff  and  '^if^  dajlj.  Crying  oat. 
The  noise  of  a  tumult 


dajmr^  Being  oppressed  in  mind. 

it^^f  Beclining,  especially  on  the 
aide  (on  a  bed,  the  ground,  etc). 

\s!^  dahd,  Basking  in  the  son.     The 
meridian. 

'  dihi,  Laughing,  grinning.  Jft  J 


*C^U^j^j\^*ti^,  Then,  shak- 

ing  his  head  and  uttering  a  loud  laufh,  he 
merrily  sang  these  Terses: — ^Wonld  tnat  I 
beheld  at  the  preaent  moment  in  this  weU  a 
wolf,  who  has  long  afflicted  my  heart  and 
made  me  drink  bitterness  by  force !  Would 
that  my  lift  may  be  spared,  and  that  the  wolf 
may  meet  his  death  I  Then  the  yineyard  will 
be  free  from  his  presence,  and  I  shaU  fiod  in 
it  my  spoiL  [is  high  up. 

iysf^  dahwat,  The  morning  when  the  sun 
4i.c:^  daldyat,  A  sacrifice. 
j:r^  *.««,  Thick,  large,  corpnlent 
ddkhlm^  Large,  tall,  corpulent. 


Jii  didd,  Contrary,  opposite  (as  virtue 
to  vice). 

j»i  d(9r,  Hurtbg,  injuring.     j\j\  Uj  . 

C^^  CSni't  jKt^l  t  It  happens  very 

frequently  that  the  fool  who  wishes  to  serre 
you  often  injures  you. 

ijij^  dardrat,  Blindness. 


jr* 


(216) 


t^ 


t|^  durdt,  Breaking  wind  load. 
iz\j^  dir&^f  Humbling  one's  eelfi  sab- 


muBion. 


^\j»o  darSyir  (pL  of  5^),  Two  women 
haying  a  lnuband  in  oommon. 

9  darhf  Striking,  beating.    A  blow, 

a  stroke.  Multiplication  in  arithmetic.  Beat- 
ing (witii  a  itick,  etc).  Striking,  touching, 
ifaking  any  saying  proTerbial.    Striking  or 

coining  money.  l^jJ^^^  ^|^  ^^l^ 
lL^Q'^  uX3UJ,  Beware  that  thy  tongue 
does  not  cut  thy  neck.  JlmJI^UjJ 

^1;  v.flr^  ^*^  4  S^*^^  u,Qj.Jb,  Then 

he  drew  near  to  the  steps,  and  ascended  them 
until  he  reached  the  spot  between  the  two 
persons^  when  lo !  one  or  these  two  smote  him 
npon  his  back,  and  the  other  smote-  him  with 
the  sword  that  was  in  his  hand,  and  struck  off 
his  head. 

\iji  darhan,  By  force,  yiolently. 

CJly?  darahat  (pi.  of  ^^),  Blows. 

^\ij^  darabdn,  The  pulse,  tbe  beating 
pain  of  a  woond. 

hjj  darhai,  One  blow. 

ijJ  durrat,  One  woman  having  a  hus- 
band in  oommon  with  another, 

jj>a  darar,  Injury,  damage,  detriment, 
loss,  ruin.  Ls.-«^3jb  t^  ^  Jua»-  ^f  ^U 

«  jcl^  tj  A,  is  LiJil  ^j\  i  4^X  aj W^J 
*3»-s^,  For  if  «ai8ohief  be&U  him,  I 

pensh  ineTitabW;  since  I  do  not  enjoy  the 
sight  of  the  world  but  by  his  sight,  nor  do  I 
doight  sate  in  his  Ufe ! 

^j*^  din  (pi.  ^1^1  and  ^/«2/^)i  A 

tooth,  a  grinder. 

)ffj^   dart,   Breaking  wind,  making  a 

similar  noise  with  the  mouth  in  contempt. 
Jhritf  One  who  hnaka  wiod. 

idy?  darta  (pi.  cr^U?^),  A  fart. 

Ji^jJ  darmat,  A  fire*brand. 

Lt^ji^  dumh,  Hodes,  forms  of  speech, 
{liiQiQs,  phraser. 


ij^j^   dar^irat  (pL   iZj\j^j^\  'Sam 
Tiolenoe,  compulsion,  oonstraint.    Wast,  hi 

digence,  necessity.  ^JXx^^^\p^S 

kihd  0Uiyaj   wa    darw^ah^    Neoessitoialj 

JlJl  ij^ji  durHrtU  iulhdl,  Necesd 
tode,  poTcrty. 
t^^^yAirurf,  Necessary,  iij^j^  ^f 

hawaij darurtf/ahf'NeceBsanes,  c^J^ 

^jt^j^\^j^\  nuahdbhd  jabr  waddi 

ruriyahy  The  system  of  the  Necessarian  Fhili 
sophen. 

darlhf  A  sepulchre,  a  tomb, 
grave  dug  in  the  middle  of  a  burying-jdaoe  | 

dug  in  the  side  it  is  called  Jl^). 
jlj3  darir  (fern,  i^j^).  Blind. 
LjUi  du^,  Infirmity,  weakness,    c^ 

ifjuMif ,  A  weakness  in  the  stomacL 

U«J  du^a/d  (pi.  of  cJ^  da^f),  T| 
weak,  the  infirm,  the  poor.  | 

L^f^J»  da^f  (fern,  ii^^).  Weak,  H 

firm,  impotent,  extenuated,  emaciated,  e 
feebled,  powerless,  frail. 

e  jUj  dafcLdi^,  Frogs.     ^^^  r^^^ 

Boasted  frogs. 

^jJL^  dafda^  (pi.  cjU^),  A  frog. 

jLi  dafr.  Plaiting  (the  hair  of  the  heaij 
Twisting  (a  rope).  [lock  of  hd 

ijLi  da/rat,  Anything  twisted,  a  braidj 

ijJiia   daflrat,   A  braided  look;    h^ 

twisted  or  plaited.  j 

J-^  dan,  To  deviate,  to  err.    c^y^^  J 

1^  ij\j}f  He  who  admires  his  o^ 
eouncillors. 

J)U  dalal  (and  iSLa),  An  error,  \H 
fault.     Huin,  perdition.     Deriating,  lorn 

^jos:^  Jlt^,  Mere  heresy.    Aa  er^ 

in  faith. 

«Jui  dala^  (pi.  cjLi  dvi^Qt  A  6i< 

part  lp3*^  L/«U^  jI/J'  fl'  ^5^ 

sons  before  me  have  bemoaned  the  jprnxi 
sroaration,  and  Uying  and  dead  have  been  i 
rifled  by  ettrangemea^;  but  aa  inataacti 


(217) 


:\b 


ftdiagi  fike  <]mw  in  my  boiom  I  have  nerer 
btoid  of  nor  behdd ! 

JJli  ^i2&2,  ErriAg  greatly  (a  man). 

*i  ibniy  Contraction,  conjunction,  in- 

corpantSoB.     To  emCnefc,  join,  add,  ineorpo- 
ntefiuat.    To  mark  a  eonaoaaat  with  the 

l»Ui  imim.  That  into  which  anything 
is  MQeeted  or  contracted.  [teeship. 

^Lw  inwa,  Soretyship,  bail,  goaran- 

yUi  dWn^V  (pi.   of  j-^),    Mind, 
bort,  eoBM&e&ce,  etc. 

JU^^Mdyam  (pL  of  ^4.^),  Additions. 

^»4i  iMMy  Answering  or  being  sniety 

fiv  aether.  Redeeming^,  ransoming^.  Be- 
es?^ &e  aie  of  anything  for  a  oertun  time. 
TKiw,  The  middle  or  interior  part  of  any- 
ftiag.  Ooalenti.  Anything  eomprehended, 
or* 


\iU,  \j\i^/il*J  ^-^jjtS^.  ^)^V 


And  he  poflfieflsed  abundant  wealth  and  ample 
fortune,  and  died  when  I  wee  a  yoong  child, 
leaving  to  me  wealth  and  buildings  and  TiUagee, 


',  The  mind,  heart,  thought, 

leue,  eonacience,  conception,  com- 
jea.  The  affixed  personialpronouil. 

inamai,  An  addition,  angmenta- 
lim,  iaaemDi.    Ineorporaiing. 
.j^  ioBOm,  A  Bponaor,  surety. 
^to*»,Tocling.    ^^^b  JUlWi 

i!r*^V  {j^*  ^  ™7  ^^  hand,  assist 
■y  right  hand;  or,  if  you  diahke  my  society,  , 
^ ne!  for  we  ahoold  ding  only  to  what  la  ^ 
wariheGogiBg  to* 

Vy  impc^  (pL  of  la^U  and  IIijU). 
Li  ^tf,  Light,  splendour,  brilliancy. 
&l«0  ^^(pl.of  ^[iu«0  dayifU),  YiUages. 

♦  J\f  -jy  Jjjtj'f  -^^  "  *^'  fanning 

iiQm,  aad  the  vndeitaking  of  sowing  and 
lisa^  it  k  degrading  to  &ne  and  reputa- 
iMBi aida  dbedL  to  proereaa,  and  rarely  does 
msofafed  in  it  fail  faToe  deroised,  nor  does 
li«|py  the  hlesmng  of  mental  tranqoiUity. 

iJLi  HffdfU,  A  fiaast,  banquet,  con- 
mdatatebunest.  Hc^taHty,  hospitable. 

oUaii.^'^  JU.  ,^  JU  iFJox 


Lm^  (^  (pi.  uJ^  and  fern.  Aa^), 
A  stianger,  a  foreigner,  a  guest. 
^  (ftifc,  Anguish,  vexation,  grief,  sad- 
ness, melancholy,  affliction,  anxiety,^  doubt, 
oppression  of  spirits,  or  anything  which  tor- 
tures the  mind.  \/iJ^\^jir^f  The 
asthma. 

fli  daifyik  (fern.  IS^),  Narrow. 


tracted  unto  us  by  the  reason  of  the  distress 
occasioned  by  thy  separation,  and  we  had  no 
delight  in  food  nor  in  drink  a  single  day ! 

AA«i  daym,  Injustice,  oppression. 


\f  t&,  The  sixteenth  letter  of  the  Arabic 

alphabet,  expressing  9  in  arithmetic,  Capricorn 
in  the  Zodiac,  and  the  moon's  descendant. 

(^It  tab,  Sweet,  agreeable,  good,  law- 
ful.    An  excellent    flavour.     (In  prayer) 

2Nmi  v^lt ,  ICay  he  rest  in  peace ! 

«jlt  tdhi^  Any  instrument  by  which 

an  impression  is  made.  [dation, 

j;j\t  tdbik,  A  commercial  house  in  liqui- 

^ajIL  tdhun,  A  pit,  or  other  place  where 

they  kindle  and  cover  up  fire. 
^^It  tdjin,  A  frying-pan. 
J9-U;  tdhtl,  Turbid. 

-It  tdhiut  An  ox  placed  in  the  middle 
of  a  bam,  round  which  the  other  oxen  move 
wlum  treading  out  the  grain. 

^L^IL  tahnat,  A  back  tooth,  or  grinder; 

£^IL  tahanat  (or  ^^U?),  A  water- 
mill.  *  [traveller. 

j;\L  i&rik  (fern.  iij^)t  A  nocturr^' 


;^ 


(218) 


U 


ci^LpIL  idMdt,  A  cnp,  gobleti  basin. 

ic\k  ta^at  (pi.  ci^'UU?),  Obedience,  ob- 
leqnioiunen. 

^^U?  ^^aii,  A  plagae,  pestilence. 

tjL^^]]ff  tdgMtf  and  with  the  article 

sttaghut.  Is  a  name  nretL  to  the  DotiI,  to  anj 
eedncer,  and  to  any  moL 

^clt  ^yAl,  A  rebel,  a  leader  of  faction 

or  insorrection.  A  refractory,  diiobedienty 
insolent  man. 

w'lt  tdfih,  Overflowing. 

jU?  tdk  (or  CL^liU^),  Unique,  singular. 
One  part  or  fold  of  anything  doubled.  A  fold, 
^  a  ply. 

dJlL  idkat,  Power,  force.    Patience. 

ilJU^  tdkiyat,  A  fillet,   especiaUj  one 
worn  nndi^  the  head-drees. 

JU^  tdla  (in  prayer),  May  it  be  long! 

a^Uj  Jli^,  May  his  life  be  prolonged ! 

^.i^U?  idlib,  Asking,  inquiring,  demand- 
ing,    intezrogating,     requesting,     begging. 

^It  iflflcUl^  ^^U  l^j  J*xi^l, 

But  there  had  not  elapsed  more  than  a  little 
while  before  the  party  of  the  King  Essemendd 
were  routed,  and  betook  themselTes  to  flight, 
seeking  their  own  safety. 

^  mh.  Wicked,  Tillanons. 

^IL  tali^  Fortune  (good  or  bad),  fate, 
destiny,  ehanoe,  horoscope  or  predominant  star 

at  a  person's  nativity.    J^jum^  ^Ib 

^lk«!1,  A  constellation  of  a  happy 
ascendant 

^IW  t&lik,  Divorced,repudiated  (woman). 

Pasturing  at  liberty,  without  being  milked 
(sheep,  camels,  etc.). 

tjIU?  Taint,  King  Saul. 
(jMi^^U?  tdvfiu,  A  peacock. 
Jb^  tahir,  Clear,  pure,  unsullied,  chaste, 
clean,  holy.     c^LS!  Jblt  and    Jblt 

Jj jJt,  Immaculate,  of  unsullied  life. 

4^lyi  ^U  Eatim  MUfi,  Eatim  of  the 

tribe  of  TeiyL  He  was  highly  celebrated  for 
his  generoiitT,  and  lired  in  the  Time  of  Igno- 
rance, riz.  hefore  Mohammad;  but  his  son 
AdI  became  a  Muslim,  and  is  numbered  among 
the  CompaaioDi  of  the  Prophet.  Hatim's  most 


dmous  act  of  liberality  was  that  which  I 
showed  to  an  ambassador  of  the  Greek  Empd 
sent  to  demand  of  him  as  a  present  for  j 
master  a  horse  of  yery  great  price.  T^ 
generous  Arab,  before  he  Imew  the  object  I 
thii  person's  mission,  slaughtered  his  hone  I 
regale  him,  having  nothing  at  tiie  time  in  ll 
house  to  serve  in  its  stead.  It  ii  also  ssid  th 
he  often  caused  as  many  as  forty  cameli  to  1 
slaughtered  for  the  entertainment  of  I 
neignbours  and  the  poor  Arabs  of  the  deMrt 


^.Jfiff  id'ib,  Good,  pleasant,  lawful 
^IL  id'ir,   A  bird.      Flying,   runnli 
rapidly.    (.^.J-rJ!  l^:^^^  l|-^X^  a71 

jybyj-  ^\^^la:j^.L>j,  Before  her  won 

were  ended,  Kins  Bedr  became  tiansfonn 
into  the  shape  of  a  bird,  tilie  most  beantif 
that  could  be ;  and  he  shook  his  wingt,  ai 
stood  upon  his  feet  looking  at  Jofaarah. 

^^IL  td'M,  Inconstant,  volatile,  ligli 

^IL  idffi^,  Obedient,  submissiYe. 

b^Jjlt  tdffif,  Surrounding,  going  rcmsd 

iii^  tdyifat,  A.  nation,  people,  irih 
family.    Equipage. 

JiU?  tajftl  (and  JLUIL),  Power,  pleasui 

the  comforts  of  life.  Jj\]^  I  Id  iay\ 
Without  any  beneficial  result 

4JLJ9  ttbh,  Medicine  for  body  and  xnioi 

ii\Jff  tihdhai,  The  practice  of  medicin 

the  medical  p|x>fession. 
^UL  tabbdkh,  A  cook.    ^U?,  The  a 

of  cookery.     9j***i  ^)^  r\^^  ^^j^ 

fj:^^j  ya&\    ^\  «j:Jji-J,  'And 

commanded  the  cook  to  make  haste  and  go  a 
buy  something,  and  to  get  it  ready  and  cook 
for  the  supper :  then  I  entered  the  palace  a 
slept 

^Lt  tabdiMr,  A  substance  of  a  sil 

ceous  nature  produced  in  the  bamboo,  used 
medicine ;  also  the  ashes  of  tiie  roots  and  join 

tL^V^U9,Chalk,  white  lime,pla6ti 

elJp  tibd^f  Nature,  temperament,  coc 

plenon,  dinosition;  undentanding,  genii 
intellect,  juogment 

JCb  tahhdl,  A  drummer.    ZJLk,  T1 
art  of  dmm*beating. 


tJ' 


(219) 


^U  iaidp^  (pL  of  ^JUi^)f  Natures, 
dispontiong,  tempers,  etc. 

^  iaU^  Codidng,  oookery% 

J^j^  Ttkiitan,  The  ancient  Hyrcania. 

^  ioi^  (pi.  ^Ltt),  Nature,  genius, 

ijj^h  TAarij/ahf  Tiberias. 

complaioQ,  tempenment,  quality,  intellect, 

jod^mest 

^  ^^«,  He  printed.   ^W)  ya^^a^M, 

He  piiots.  bLW  tah^n,  Printing. 
^  tfl&^a^,  Printing,  an  edition. 
JJtixJall  (Otab^atal  wuU,  TEe  first 
edition.   cQ?  io^^d^  and  ^U?  tdli^ 

(pi.  ^^Us  <a5&d^fin,  pi.  obi.  ^j^^U? 
Uthhd^;  and  for  the  second  ^^U^ 

<dit^*»,    pi.    obi.     ^j;-«jU?     ^W^l»l), 

Printer,    printers.      ^f^    matha^ 

Anj  printing    instrument.       ^uJx« 
<v^4^«A,  A  pren,  a  printing  machine,  a 
pnntrng  office.     There  is  talk  amongst  the 
inb  printexB  of  booln  and  newspapers  to  in- 
fndoee  a  great  reform  in  the  art  of  printing 
in  Anbic    This  reform  consists  in  emplo^iing 
udj  Tmeomiected  types.     For  the  first  time 
ur  book  or  newspaper  printed  in  this  way 
*ul  look  strange,  and  eomparatiyely  it  will 
take  more  ipeoe.      The  first  inconvenience 
k^reTcr  will  disappear  in  a  few  days,  and  the 
Kecnd  can  be  averted  by  making  the  nncon- 
B*(ted  trpes  of  a  very  amall  size ;  whilst  the 
a-irntiges  of  sach  a  system  will  be  very 
rouble  for  the  printen,  compositors,  and 
laners  of  Uie  Anmc  laDgaa^.    This  reform 
^  be  effected  at  onoe  if  those  who  have  in 
Umst  hands  the  Arabic  jpress  in  the  East  un- 
^flrteke  to  introdnoe  it  first  in  the  Arabic 
A*^^ipaperB  by  degrees,  to  accnstom  the  reader 
^  it.    As  for  the  handwriting,  it  will  remain 
M  it  is  sow.    The  following  illnstration  will 
f^  the  difierenee  between  the  two  aystemB. 


j\ 


that  liM  be&IIen  tbem,  and  !»  reirtwined. 
Extolled  be  the  perfection  of  Him  who  ha» 
thus  ordained  the  history  of  former  eenewtiOM 
to  be  8  lesson  to  taose  •which  follow. 

r^  J  J  J  h'-r'i,  u^^Jj^^  ^'^''f 

^.  Jll .    Use  does  everything,  so  if 
erer'  thU  .yrtem  be  «ied  it  will  look  natural 
and  Ter7  good. 
jJie  tabagh.  Tobacco;   whence   comes 

^  word  tobacco.  Thiaword  ««»»2d'S*S; 
stood  at  Aleppo  i'l^««>  tjbaceo  is  c^«d  <«««S 

other  parts  of  Syria,  ^°*" 'l  •    ,.^  smoke. 

ally  JSHthkh^n.  ^J^^^'p:^  pf  Syria. 
Tobaooo  grows  in  almost  eTCTT  p»        ^^„ 

ito  oonsuiption  being  «"7"«f  >*e  fotricto 

and  femali.  The  best  is  foonf  »  ^|   Monnt 

of  Aleppo,    Latokia,  J"^iig^te^from 

Lebanon,  Urge.  ^P^'^S-^TSd  elsewhere. 

Latakia  and  TnpoU  to  EgyP»  ""      ^^^ 

^  tabaky  A  dish,  a  plate-     ^ 

'■'^  ,        .VsAa^    A-  degree, 

*Ll,   tabakat   (pi.  f^.Uetot*'*- 

stage,  story,  floor.    ■*■  "^^^^^t^e. 
Ji  ^Si.  A  drum,  s  tamboun 

^_,^  ««*IJ,  A  physxcian,  ^^^^jjessed. 
;^^  iahikh.  Cooked.  -^^^      ^4eco66o»» 

«peciaUy  toasted  or  p*'^^     "\^\  si\<5u^3 

anapozem.  AJw*;-*' 

^bich  were  iimy  Ij^J^f ^^^^^'V«"^^'' 
end  was  a  ^^  f'^.f^  eooto^K^  ^ 
al«>  in  it  utensila  «>^  *^ 


tuA  »\^^  »I^ete 


•were 
the  fire. 


^^  rf  fofmer  generations  are  a  leaaon   to 
P«*»ity,  that  a  i»!«»  may  review  the  remar it- 
able  ercsti  which  have  happened  to  othcra, 
ttdbeidiniished;    and  max  eonaider  the 
*«toyrfp«pkofpr««iingagc»»«n^  ^  •^ 


„       tahl^at  (pl- 

;ience,qnaUty,pto]g^;^ 
temperament,  constitntio^. 
Temper,  disposiUon. 

tahl^,  Natural. 


c^^t^ 


"^IWiS/^Adis^-eiatho^l 


a^^ 


1> 

^Isr  ti^han,  A  miHer,  a  grinder. 


(220) 


k> 


tahmat,  Impulse.     Attack  of  a 
crowd. 

^jsr  Mif,Tarning  or  grindmg(a8amil]). 

^j-^  iahln,  Hour. 

<.-y!l  ^j»Xi\Jo  tardbluB  al  §harb,  The 

Wertem  Tripoli,  TripoU  in  Barbary,  as  it  is 
called,  to  distii^fQiah  it  from  Tripoli  in  Syria. 
Tripoli  might  be  taken  ai  a  model  by  some 
European  towna  in  the  Mediterranean  for 
deanlinen.  The  harbour,  though  not  very 
spaciouBy  is  safe,  and  capable  of  aocommodating 
a  large  fleet  of  merchant  ships.  Hie  shipping, 
in  1664,  comprised  234  Tessels,  of  20,739  tons, 
which  entered  the  port.  Of  these,  37  vessels 
of  a  total  of  6047  tons,  with  caigoes  of 
£28,200  in  yalue,  sailed  under  the  Brituh  flag. 

|*lwtJt(jM^y9,  tardUHa  esh  ih&m,  Tri- 
poli in  Syria.  The  word  Tripoli  rthree  cities} 
IS  supposed  to  be  derived  from  three  seyeral 
colomes  from  Tyre,  Sidon,  and  Aradus,  wluch 
established  themselves  in  three  adjacent  places, 
and  subsequently  joined  one  another.  Tripoli 
of  Syria  is  a  town  and  seaport  on  the  Mediter- 
ranean. The  population  is  estimated  at 
15,000.  The  town  stands  at  the  foot  of  a 
branch  of  Mount  Lebanon,  on  a  small  trian- 
gular plain,  at  some  little  distance  from  the 
sea :  the  Marina,  S.W.  from  the  city,  on  a 
projecting  ]>oint  of  land,  is  the  place  where 
merchant  ships  usually  load  and  unload  their 
cargoes.  Tnpoli  is  one  of  the  neatest  towns 
in  S^rria,  and  is  surrounded  by  fine  gardens ; 
but  its  neighbourhood  being  manhy,  its 
climate  is  frequently  unhealthy.  It  is  traversed 
by  the  small  river  Kadisha,  which,  however, 
lA  too  shallow  to  be  navigable  even  for  boats. 
The  houses  are  built  principidly  of  stone,  and 
many  parts-  of  the  city  Mar  traces  of  the 
architecture  of  the  Crusaders,  particularly 
some  high  Gothic  arcades  over  certain  streets ; 
but  there  are  no  public  buildings  i^orth  notice. 
Tripoli  is  commanded  by  an  old  castle  on  the 
heights  behind,  built  during  the  Omsades  by 
the  Count  of  Toulouse.  Kumerous  granite 
columns  and  other  ruins  may  still  he  seen 
along  the  shore.  The  port  of  Tripoli,  to  the 
K.  of  the  Marina,  and  opposite  the  town,  is 
merely  a  roadstead,  shelt^ped  on  the  W.  by 
some  rocky  islets,  and  is  safe  only  m  flue 
weather.  It  is  dangerous  in  winter,  and  par- 
ticularly at  the  equinox,  from  the  foulness  of 
the  bottom  and  the  prevalence  of  strong  gales. 
It  has,  however,  some  trade,  exporting  silk, 
wool,  cotton,  and  tobacco,  with  small  quanti- 
ties of  oil,  wax,  coebineal,  galls,  and  soaps, 
manufactured  in  the  town.  There  are  nume- 
rous Greeks  among  the  inhabitants,  and  a  larve 
share  of  the  trade  is  in  their  hands.  It  is 
also  the  see  of  a  Greek  bishop,  and  the 
residence  of  several  European  consuls.  Tripoli 
was  taken  by  the  Omsaders  in  1108.  It  had 
previously  been  one  of  the  most  flouridnng 


seats  of  Oriental  literature,  and  possemd 
very  large  collection  of  Persian  and  Anb 
works.    The  inhabitants  of  Tripoli  \tj  tlu 
good  qualities  have  gained  the  repaktion 
being  very  polite  and  instructed. 

^j!]J^  2brSbkitn,  Trebizond. 

UMi\^  « ijj  ijjii\,  And  wb 


one  country  fails  to  yield  thee  siqvplies,  or  i 
tress  has  overtaken  thee  therein,  cut  off  I 
hopes  from  it,  and  speed  thy  camel  aws? ; 
the  best  of  countries  is  that  which  nuunta 
thee.    Nor  deem  removal  a  hardship,  nor  i 
like  change  of  place,  for  tiie  most  distingiui! 
of  our  sects  and  the  chiefs  of  our  tribes 
a^reedin  the  opinion  that  movement  is  bli«s.i 
visiting  of  fresh  places  a  suro  gain,  like  a 
of  exchange ;  while  they  express  contempt 
the  opinion  of  those  who  thmkthnt  trarell 
is  misery,  or  change  of  place  a  signal  torn! 

(jl]j9  tardyti,  Waysy  tracts. 

<^Jo  Urihf  Oheerfolness,  mirth,  gli 
ness,  rejoicing;  jubilee;  skipping  ordtoe 

for  joy.  ULL^I  Uy^l  irtil  (--^ 
cijIoXIi    Whereupon    the    fox   ^ 

greatly  and  violentiy  excited  with  happii 
and  joy ;  his  anxiety  and  grief  ceased,  azK 
merry  tones  he  sang  these  verses. 

[^^,Jo  tarhush,  The  red  cap  worn 
over  Turkey. 

^Jb  tarhy  Injection^  ejection,  throwi 

ajo  tard,  Banishment,  persecution, 
pulsion.    To  banish,  eject 

jjb  tar%f  Form,  manner,  habit.  Faahi 
^Jitjo  taraah,  Dea&ees. 
jjbjf  Tartnt  (called  also  \j*i^Jaj\),  \ 

andent  town  of  Ortiiosiay  dtnated  on  tiie 
shore  (oppodte  the  island  of  Euad|  tbe  As\ 


y* 


(221) 


«/> 


of  tb  Sa^toe*  and  fte  AndoB  of  the  Greeki 
and  Romass),  and  lumng  a  spadoiis  plain  ex- 
VBoHag  ramd  aboot  it  on  iti  other  udea.    It 
V2I  foniierlj  a  place  of  ^leat  atrength  and 
bsportaaee,  and  tooe  are  stiU  aome  interesting 
rauias.  It  was  from  thia  place  that  thewooa 
of  Mooni  libg&QB  vaa  conTeyed  in  floats  to 
Phosida,  and  not  from  Tarana,  which  ia 
Giutidmtlie  interior  of  Cilicia,  at  the  dia- 
toixctf  Bxboim'  riding  from  Meraina,  which 
iiitsKa-port    Those  Teaeela  then  were  not 
alkd  Aipi  of  Taranay  bat  ahips  of  Tartna-  or 
TortoMi^ieh  ia  the  aea-port  for  that  wood. 
PnsB  oB£  nditake  another  waa  inferred,  Tia. 
^  tbflid  Tcaaela  (of  Tortosain  Bjna)  went 
nasd ^imontory  of  Africa  aa  ur  as  Tor- 
twis  Spina.  This  miatake  itaelf  prores  that 
the  fbee  ia  gneation  most  be  Tortosa,  not 
Ttt^  md  Tortosa  in  Syria,  not  that  of 
^tia,  liodb  took   its  name  from  that  of 
nsEUOL  From  FhcBnicia  the  wood  in  quea- 
tuB  ni  teaa^oited  on  the  hacka  of  camels  to 
the  Bed  Sea,  which  practice  still  continnea, 
b«use  tlie  akorea  of  this  sea  are  abeolntely 
upranded  with  wood,  eren  for  frieL    Theee 
reaek  i^  a  complete  year  in  their  Toyage, 
^  ii,  anled  one  year,  aojoamed  another, 
ssd  did  Dstretani  till  the  third.  Thiatedions- 
Gffivasovingy^fitst,  to  their  cruising  from 
part  topoit,  aa  tfiej  do  at  preaent ;  eeoondly, 
A  tbcir  bone  detaued  by  the  Monsoon  cur- 
?aii;  md  ttirdly,  beeanse,  aecording  to  the 
obiitions  of  PUny  and  Strabo,  it  was  the 
^^^^^8417  practice  smong  the  ancienta  to  apend 
dim  fwi  in  a  Toyage  of  twelve  hundred 
^^^^Qo.   Sach  a  commerce  moat  hare  been 
^frj  expeagre,  partieolarly  aa  they  were  ob- 
^  to  cany  wnh  them  their  proTisiona,  and 
t^a.  frdh  water.    For  thia  reason  Solomon 
Mde  himself  master  of  Palmyra,  which  was 
a:  that  time  inhabited,  and  was  already  the 
i^agaziae  and  high  road  of  merchants  by  the 
▼IT  of  the  Eophratea.   This  conquest  bronght 
^MawQ  mach  nearer  to  the  oonntry  of  gold 
cd  peark  Thia  alteniatiTe  of  a  route,  either 
^  the  Red  Sea  or  by  the  Rirer  Euphrates, 
vu  t»  the  ancienta  what  in  later  times  has 
^  the  altematiTe  in  a  Toyage  to  India, 
^her  by  oosaing  the  lathmua  of  Suez  or 
c.^}biiBg'the  Ca^  of  Good  Hope,  and  what  ia 
r?v  the  aliernattTe  of  crossing  the  Suez  Canal 
^  a  steamer  or  crossing  Syria  and  Meaopo- 
t.^  \jj  railway    throngn    the  Euphrates 
T^%.  It  appears  that,  till  the  time  of  Moaes, 
tiii  Hide  was  carried  on  across  the  Desert  of 
Sjiia;  that  afterwaids  it  fell  into  the  hands  of 
lat  IVmicians,  who  fixed  ita  site  upon  the 
t^pbuec;  and  that  it  was  mutual  jealousy 
^  huhioed  the  Kings  of  Nineveh  and  Baby- 
Hte mdectake  the  destruction  of  Tyre  and 

^jff  ^'rioia  (ane.  Berdosft),  ealled  also 

^jj'f^  town  of  Spain,  in  Catalonia, 

^>  <W  5.  hank  of  the  Ebro,  about  twenty- 
^^*  aihi  from  ita  mouth.  Tortosa  waa  a 
J'^  of  the  Phcenieian  inhabitanta  of  old 
^^n^  eppoBte  to  the  laUad  of  Aiadus, 


^J^ 


who  gave  the  name  of  their  own  conntry  to 
this  town«  The  population  was  estimateil  at 
16,830  in  1857.  Tortosa  is  defended  by 
sereral  outworks,  and  is  dirided  into  the  old 
and  new  towns,  both  of  which  are  walled. 
This  town  had  the  priyileges  of  a  Roman 
mimit^ium  conferrea  on  it  by  Scipio.  On 
one  occasion,  during  the  wara  between  the 
Spaniarda  and  the  Moora,  the  women  of  Tortosa 
diatinguished  themaelves  ao  much,  that  in 
1170  the  military  Order  of  La  Hacha,  or  the 
'*  Flambeau,"  waa  instituted  for  them.  Thev 
also  enjoyed  aeTeral  priTileges,  most  of  whicn 
are  now  lost ;  but  it  is  aaid  that  in  all  matri- 
monial ceremoniea,  they  still  maintain  the 
right  of  precedence. 

^)o  taraff  A  border  or  tract  of  oonntry, 

a  margin,  brink,  part^  corner.    Side,  way, 
manner.     An  extremity,  point,   end. 

^Jf^Jl^\  ^^^y  Ifoble  by   father  and 
mother. 

6^^  tar/at,  Winking,  shatting  the  eyes. 
^^\  iijo  ^,  In  the  twinkling  of 

an  eye.      ^U  ^^  ^\  ijjb  l^j, 

A  glance  of  the  eye  aometimea  aays  more  than 
the  tongue. 

tarafayn,  Both  ndes. 

^Ja  tark,  Beating  with  a  rod  (cotton) 
in  order  to  aeparate  and  rarefy  it. 

jjff  turh  (pi.  of  4^Jb   tarik)f  Beads, 
paths,  waya.  [or  twice. 

ii^  tarhatf  Once;  ^jf^Jo^  ^J^t Once 

jijJb  tarUsh,  or  ^m^]   J-*5f-  j'ahal 

mtturtuh.  The  Mount  Nebo  of  Scripture, 
one  of  the  range  of  Abarim,  from  the  summit 
of  which  the  great  leader  and  legislator  of 
the  Hebrewa,  uter  forty  years'  wandering  in 
the  Desert,  first  aurrejirea  the  Promieed  Land ; 
and  being  favoured  with  a  view  of  the  region 
he  was  not  permitted  to  enter,  surrenderea  hia 
apirit  to  his  Maker.  No  mortal  eye  witnessed 
his  death,  no  human  being  knew  the  spot 
where  the  venerable  prophet  was  laid. 

^5^  tarlf  Presh,  green,  moist,  hnmid, 
new,  recent. 

/^Ldl  f^Jo  tarihid  firdsh,  A  sick  bed. 

jj^  tarid,  An  expelled  or  banished  man. 

L^,  Jtf  ^ori/iNew,  fresh,  newly-acquired. 

^jljO  tarlk,  A  way,  a  road,  a  path.     A 
manner,  mode,  institution,  profession,  order, 

custom,  fashion.     >%lc  ^Jijo,  A  public 
road.    «X[iXfi)l  Jnj^,  iarlk  al  hadid, 


cA 


(222) 


IjJio 


a  railway.  Every  one  knows  that  a  railway 
from  Alexandretta  or  from  GonBtantinople  to 
India  through  the  Enphrates  Valley,  as  pro- 
posed and  adYocated  by  many  great  men, 
oesides  the  immense  results  wnicn  it  would 
produce  commercially,  politically,  and  strate^- 
cally  for  the  Government  of  His  Imperial 
Majesty  the  Sultan,  as  well  as  for  Great 
Britain,  would  also  give  life  and  resurrection  to 
those  dead  countries  which  formerly  consti- 
tuted the  powerful  Empires  of  Babylon  and 
Nineyeh,  and  were  the  cradle  and  nursery  of 
the  arts  and  sciences,  as  well  as  of  those  insti- 
tutions of  which  all  civilized  nations  are  now 
enjoying  the  fruits  in  common. 

^Jff  tartkat,  A  hierarchy,  an  order  (of 
deryishes). 

ls.*^mJp  tasht,  A  large  hasin,  ewer,  or  cap. 
i^Ut  ta^m,  Meat,  viands,  victuals,  re- 
freshment, food.  ^jAjs^\  ^1  \^jsj\  J 

Aj^lJi\  cJi\)  ijU^  bb^J^y  Ij\j:L 

LLki\^  u^jJi  lJL-*!  ^  m|/J1^ 

Jjji\    C^LKj    ^^)\,  And  they 

went  thence  to  the  fourth  chamber,  where 
they  found  closets,  one  of  which  they  opened, 
and  they  found  it  fnll  of  utensils  for  food  and 
drink,  consistiug  of  various  Tessels  of  gold 
and  silver,  and  saucers  of  crystal  and  cups  set 
with  brilliant  pearls  and  cups  of  carneUan. 

iAJ^  ta^mat  or  ^^  Taste,  savour.    Uli 

vJL^r.rl^ ,  And  he  had  thus  made  me 

forget  the  taste  of  rest,  and  had  left  my  house 
cleaner  than  the  palm  of  my  hand  (empty). 
I  said  to  him,  Reserve  must  be  put  aside  when 
distress  is  come,  as  perfumes  are  laid  aside 
when  the  rejoicings  of  a  marriage  are  ended ; 
so  bestir  thyself  to  make  gain  by  thy  art,  and 
try  to  gather  the  fruit  of  thy  skill.   • 

^lit  ta^^&n,  Striking  or  piercing  with 
spears  in  battle. 

^^^  ta^y  Blame,  disapprohation,  accu- 
sation, chiding,  reviling,  reproaching,  cursing. 
Piercing  with  a  spear.  [tongue). 

^ut  ta^tf  One  blow  (with  spear  or 


ifUL  tughat,  Rebels,  insurgents. 

\jii0  ioghrdy  The  imperial  signature ;  si 
order.  The  roval  titles  prefixed  to  lettal 
diplomas,  or  other  public  deeds,  which  u 
generally  written  in  a  fine  ornamental  had 
The  great  men  of  the  East  have  long  b« 
great  admirers  of  caligraphy  or  ele^t  writiil 
some  of  the  most  distinguished  vuden  haTini 
valued  themselves  on  bemg  the  finest  pezuD« 
of  the  age;  amongst  the  moat  remarbbt 
of  whom  was  the  celebrated  Hosain  or  Al 
Ismael  (vizier  to  the  Seljukian  Saltan  Muod 
sumamed  Tograi,  on  account  of  his  eicelN 
in  this  species  of  writing ;  but  better  kno^ 
in  Europe  by  his  admired  Arabic  poem,  entiti< 
Carmen  Tograi.  £eing  taken  prisoner  in 
battle  wherein  his  sovereign  was  defeated  \ 
his  brother  Mahmud,  he  was  put  to  dea| 
(A.D.  1120)  by  that  prince's  viaer,  who  hat^ 
him  for  his  jgreat  abilities,  but  particular]  j, 
is  said,  for  his  uncommon  superiority  in  writii 
the  Togra  character.  [insoleiu 

i^y^  taghwa\  Eebellion,  disobediend 

^^^i  Being  rebellious,  insolent,  impioi 
**  unjust,  exceeding  bounds  in  wickedness 

^LkL  tughy&%  Eebellion,  seditioo,  dii 
obedience,  perverseness,  insolence,  ji 
^^Lit,  The  rebel. 

^UL  tif&h,  Plenitude^  fullness.  Whi 
runs  over  a  boiling  pot,  the  froth  or  scum. 

lj\s^  ivfafoity  The  surplus  of  anythin 
sold  by  measure. 

^jUl^  tu/dwat,  A  halo  round  the  snn 
moon.    The  overflowings  of  a  boiling  pot 

^  ta/h,  Being  full,  running  over  j 
vessel).    Filling  anything  till  it  overflows. 

JjsA  tafhan  (fem.  Us«^),  OverflowiDj 

fjsio  tafak,  Being  fixed  to,  or  busy  in 

place.    Setting  about  anything  one  "means  I 

finish.   Ji^  \f  ti^  <^yr^  '^■^ 

In  such  a  state  I  began  to  walk  in  its  strM 
like  one  distracted,  and  roaming  about 
quarters  as  a  bird  soars  orer  water. 

JiL  tifi  (fem.  ilit,  pi.  jut),  Youn| 
tender  (boy  or  girl).    A  baby. 

yt  tufu'U,  Being  extinguished  (fire). 

il^  tufakU  (or  Uyio),  Infency,  chili 
hood. 

^/iJiff  taks,  Order,  ceremony,  constituti^ 
(especially  ecclesiastical). 


UJ» 


(223) 


kL 


oL  bOa  (pL  of  b^Vt),  Stadents, 

corvni  iB^[iiiRn. 
Jit 


(pL  of  ^»mAL),  Is  a  term 

to  mjiticBl  eharacten,  and  also  to 
sab,  bn^v,  etc^  apoa  which  luchchanusten 
BR  agimi  or  inscribed.  These  eharacten 
tre  ttttol^ed,  or  of  some  other  magical 
kiai  Tte  parpoce  for  which  talsanu  are 
oaQtmed  m  tuioos  :  One  has  the  property 
of  pRraog  from  enchantment,  or  firom  a 
pv&abr  accident,  or  a  rariety  of  erils; 
>aoti»  BotedB  a  treaanre  with  which  it  is 
d^MBtea;  atibiid,  by  beinj^  nbbed,  procures 
tbepRnoE  and  aerfioes  of  a  jinnee. 

cL  ^(,  CoDflideriiigy  being  attentiTe 

tn,  leofciB^ai,  reading,  proposing, 
JHe  tdiJtf  A    diyorce,    repadiation. 

jlSl  V*t=^,  A  libel  or  formula. 
iJlr  kldȤi,  Beaatj,  grace,  loyelineBs, 


^h  Uky$^  (pL    of    ^buU?    ia^^a), 
Senli,  the  fixit  indication  of  an  approaching 

^a&di  A  petition,  request;  demand. 


w 


Soaaoiia,  calL  To  aak,  petition,  recjaest, 
<ieaiBd,  eiact,  solicit,  pnisae  with  ambition. 

To  Mil.  ^U^  c^  ^j^\  ^yu 

^  ^  JJ1    ^Ji,   ^„  He 

p^p  into  the  sea  who  seeks  for  pearls ;  and 
it  Tbo  dobes  greatneaa  must  hare  watchful 

nights.  *^J^u^j^^J^^r^^ 

1/*;:^'  4/5(i)  U^^^ » ^^^  traverse  every 
^^  sad  phmge  into  erery  flood,  and  seek 
2|pl«iBare  in  erery  well-watered  meadow, 
^«  down  thy  bucket  into  CTcry  springing 
**.  ttd  aerer  be  reluctant  to  sohcit  bounty, 
^Bib  thjwlf  to  be  disgusted  by  fatigue ; 
fj  ws  written  on  the  staff  of  our  chief 
^*^  "Ee  gains  who  begs,  and  he  who 
!^  Mitels."  But  beware  of  indolence,  for 
^a^ijubol  of  misfortune  and  the  garb  of 

^  ^  tnd  Ut /tf/iJaA  (pi.  of  (^IL 

^^  l)«isnders,  asken  for,  requtrenL  stu- 
<^«dkat  after  leaimng. 


ild^  tdlhllfotf  A  sbeet  of  paper. 

^nAU  ttlsim,  A   talisman,    or  magical 

^  image,  upon  which,  under  a  certain  horoscope, 
are  engraTed  mystical  characters,  as  charms 
against  enchantment,  or  fascination.  They 
use  talismans  as  preserratives  in  rarioua  ways, 
particularly  in  burying  them  with  treasure,  to 
prerent  it  from  bemg  diacoTered. 

l^  tal^,  Aspect,  face,  countenance, 
appearance. 

J^  idUk,  Being  repudiated,   divorced 

(woman).    Being  set  at  liberty.    The  pains  of 
childbirth. 

c^  tulu^,  The  rising  (of  the  sun,  or  of 
a  star).    To  rise  (as  the  sun),  to  ascend.    To 

appear,  to  grow  (teeth).    ^J  c*^<il  hi 


Ai\ji\  tJA  ,Jlb  <U/«  ^}JJ  Jj  A\jy  <uLj 

jt^\    J*    J    J<     ^)i    J^    yj>    J^^ 

his  sister  came  up  to  him  with  some  food  and 
drink,  and  changed  bfs  clothes,  and  he  slept. 
She  continued  to  do  thus  witii  him  erery  oaj 
until  the  next  month  commenced. 

^At  iali,  Anointing,  besmearing. 

Jnit  talik,  Set  at  liberty  (a  captive). 

^buit  tall^a,  A  scout  of  an  army.     The 

most  adranced  patrols  which  are  first  seen  by 
the  enemy. 

cUl^  tommd^,  Wishful,  covetous,  greedy. 
W4.L  tama^,  Avidity,  covetousness.  De- 
sire, concupiscence.    wiL  \j\  Jux^^\ 

^3  \j\j>-  Juffllj,  The  freeman  when 
desirous  of  anything  is  a  slaye,  and  the  slaye 
when  contented  is  free.      w«L  c-jtj 

wi^  ^\  v^J^y  Avarice  sometimes 
leads  to  disgrace.  vljU^l  <J  (.iCii^  J^ 


JLyJ  l^-X^  Cl^  iji^^  ^  f^^]aL» 


The  excess  of  thy  coVetousness  and  eager 
desire  have  entrapped  thee  into  destruction, 
since  thou  hast  fallen  into  a  pit  from  which 
thou  wilt  never  be  saved. 

j^^  tumhUr,  A  kind  of  lute  or  guitar, 
with  a  long  neck,  and  six  brass  strings.  A  drum. 

^;b  tantanat,  Sound,  resounding,  re- 
echoing of  musical  instruments.  The  mur- 
muring of  water. 


y^ 


(224) 


L> 


jj^  UmtUff  The  bonnet  worn  by  Drase 

ladies,  which  is  a  conical  tube,  about  eiehteen 
inches  long,  of  aQrer,  or  copper  surered 
tlightly  oyer,  according  to  the  wealth  of  the 
wearer,  and  omamentod  with  a  yariety  of 
patterns.  It  ia  fixed  upon  a  cushion  fastened 
to  the  top  of  the  forehead,  and  iaclines  slightly 
forward  like  the  horn  of  the  fabled  tmicom. 
Over  this  a  piece  of  white  mnslin  is  thrown, 
which  falls  down  to  the  hips,  and  serves  to 
envelope  their  faces  at  pleasure  when  they  go 
abroad. 

LJc^  tunfiuat,  A  carpet. 

^^j^  tanln,  Noise,  sound,  reverberation, 
*   echo,  rumour,  fame.  [pot. 

fj>^\j^  tau?djin{^l.  of  ^^It),  Porridge- 

imJj^j^  taiffdrif  (pi.  of  ^It),  Ejes. 
Such  wild  beasts  as  are  hunted. 

^jj^J^  tofodrik,  Nocturnal  trayellers. 
AuguiB,  diviners,  soothsayers,  prophets,  necro- 
mancers. Misfortunes,  calamities.   \^\ 

Wir^^  ^J3j^3*  ^  ^^^^  ^^^  arriyest 
at  this  place,  be  admonished  hy  the  vicissitudes 
of  the  time,  and  hy  the  misfortunes  that  thou 
beholdest ;  and  be  not  deceived  hv  the  world 
and  its  charms,  falsity,  calumny,  fallacy,  and 
finery. 

uJtJ^  taunodff  Turning,  surrounding, 
making  a  procession.   <ull  (^^^  uJljl^ 

i»Lsrt,  The  procession  round  tbe  Ka^ 

bah  or  temple  of  Mecca,  which  the  pil^;rims 
are  enjoinea  hy  the  Alcoran  to  do  seven  times, 
the  first  three  in  a  quick,  the  last  four  in  a 
grave  ordinary  pace ;  it  heing  also  necessary, 
every  time  they  pass  the  black  stone  (which 
is  set  in  nlver  at  the  south-east  comer,  about 
seven  spans  above  the  ground^,  either  to  kiss  it 
or  toucQ  it  with  the  hand,  which  they  imme- 
diately apply  to  their  lips.  It  is  supposed  by 
the  Mahometans  to  have  been  one  of  the  stones 
of  Paradise,  and  that  it  fell  to  the  earth  with 
Adorn;  but  bein?  again  taken  up  at  the 
Deluge,  it  remainea  there  till  the  angel  Gabriel 
brought  it  to  Abraham  when  he  was  building 
the  Kabbah.  It  is  said  to  have  the  property 
of  swimming  in  water,  and  that  it  was  origin- 
ally as  white  as  snow;  though  it  has  long 
since  become  superficially  black,  either  in  con- 
sequence of  the  touch  or  a  monstrous  woman, 
according  to  some  doctors,  or,  as  others  imagine, 
by  the  kisses  of  the  numberless  pilgrims  that 
have  in  all  times  flocked  to  Mecca, 


«J\jt  iawdli^  (pi.  and  fern,  of  ^U?), 
Dawns.    Horoscopes,  &tes,  fortunes,  ete. 


L/-i^^^ 


tr^> 


tuwdiffU,  Peacocks, 
totrdiA,  Vicissitudes.  ^,^^s,^^^ 

^jA^\  \jL^  ^\  J^jl\  ^^^,  The 

vicissitades  of  the  times  drove  me  to  Saou  in 
Yemen. 

Si\j^  tawdf/if  (pi.  of  ^U?),  Peoples, 
nations.  w.j31^j^\  ^J  ^\  uiA  Jfi^^ 

jJ^\  ^J  ^\ ,  Know  also  that  in  the 

sea  are  many  peoples,  and  various  forms  of  all 
kinds  that  are  on  the  land. 

_j^  tnha',  Good,  excellent,  agreeable, 

"sweet';  better,  best,  sweetest 

L^jb  idpf  A.  cannon,  piece  of  ordnanoe, 

_ac^jt,  A  cannonier.     ^la:;^,  An 

axsenal,  the  artillery. 

jjb  tatPTf  A  mode,  manner,  condition, 
state,  action.     TuTj  A  mountain,  especiiUy 

Mount  Sinai,  jj^^  (Jf^  Jahal  Uttifft 

Mount  Tabor.  This  mountain,  from  whicbj 
one  can  have  one  of  the  finest  views  in  Snii 
is  of  the  figure  of  a  broken  cone,  eight  hoirared 
or  a  thousand  yards  in  height.  The  sommit 
is  two-thirds  of  a  league  in  ciicumfcrenoe. 
Formerly  it  had  a  citMel,  of  which  nothing 
remains.  From  hence  are  to  be  seen,  to  tbe 
south,  a  series  of  valleys  and  mountains,  whicb 
extend  as  far  as  Jerusalem ;  while  to  tiie  ejet 
the  Valley  of  Jordan  and  Lake  Tabaria  (tbe 
latter  of  which  seems  as  if  inclosed  in  tb« 
crater  of  a  volcano)  appear  as  if  onder  one's 
feet.  Beyond  this  the  eye  loses  itself  towanii! 
the  plains  of  the  Hauran,  and  then,  tomiss 
to  the  north,  returns  by  the  mountains  <>: 
Hasbeyya  and  Easmia  to  re^se  on  the  fcrtilt 
plains  of  Galilee,  without  being  able  to  md 
the  sea. 

{^io^  Tetudn,  Tetuan,  a  seaport  towi 

of  Africa,  Morocco,  in  the  province  of  £ 
Garb,  on  the  Meiditerranean,  immediakl; 
witbin  the  Straits  of  Gibraltar,  twenty>tT' 
miles  from  Ceuta.  The  environs  are  caiWoli 
planted  with  vineyards  and  gardens :  the  grape 
are  exquisite,  and  the  oron^  are  reekoni^  i< 
some  to  be  superior  to  any  m  the  world.  Tb 
inhabitants  consist  of  Moors  and  Jews.  Tb 
English  fieets  entering  the  Mediterranri 
often  water  and  victual  m  the  Bay  of  Tetoai 
The  population  is  16,000.  In  1S61  tl 
Spanish  Government,  having  determined  1 
abandon  its  claims  against  Morooeo,  deelan 
Tetuan  to  be  the  property  of  Spain,  readen 
it  impregnable,  and  ooloBiied  ite  ienitory. 


U  (225) 

s  jt  (fw^  Obedienoe,  Tolnntaiy  submis- 


t^ 


SOI. 


688. 


U^  te^ony  WithBabnusdre  willingni 
iJ^  U»f,  A  cizcniiuunlmlatioiL 
Jiis  M/&»,  The  nnirenal  delage. 
jjb  M  (pL  of  jt^f  )i  A  neddaoe,  a 

Jjl?  MnHd,  Being  long,  tall,  ezten- 

w.  UAt  long,  of  A  long  dontioii.    Tid, 
Loo;.  Ingn,  eqwdall j  of  life.  Prolonging. 

u4r'  JA  -^  ^<^  **"**•  ^^'^^  J^» 

AtDo  tine,  nerer,   j^oL  ^UJI  J^ 

j>lt,  The  length   of  the    tongue 
^i^ortBBfifc.  png  to  the  length. 

if  t^  In  length,  at  length,  accord- 

u)t  te,  To  fold. 

^  *^  tariyi^,  Opinion,  pnrpofle,intention. 
J-: iL  top!/  (leni.  XL jb),  Long,  tall.    A 

kiadflflongTeno.    Jd^  iiJ^J  ^  J^ 
cr^l  ^  idr  Uikd  lamdn  tawUfidilk, 
Sk  ba  bea  long  in  adTeniiy. 
'^f^  ^mt,  Pority,  neatness,  cleanness, 

;<«  Mr,  Cleanliness,  parity'. 

j*^Uk9r,  That  by  which  anything  is 
F>nfiid  or  denied. 
j^  ^,  To  contract,  to  roll  or  fold  np, 

to  sbddge,  to  make  a  oompendimn.    To  fur- 
'^d.  To  eoTcr  or  fiU  vp. 

y^  <syydr.  That  which  flies  abont 
;'*'^fU-%ydr,  Flying  rhenmatic 

^ol^UJI  ^^b  l^fJil,  As  for  the 

^^^j*watt  aibvded  by  the  eierdae  of  pnblio 
T?*'»ttd  die  adTantages  derimble  fimn 
Hyf^whre  power,  they  prove  falladonB  as 
^^*hwd  Ta^triet  or  a  dream,  or  like 
""Tyflttt  Tanifh  in  the  darfcnfim,  nor  can 
^^^^^*%  be  better  than  degradation.  And 
**  **  ^iii^  ita  itoiei  are  eqraaed  to  frequent 


risk,  and  often  become  a  praj  to  the  depreda- 

'  their  disapp 
rapid  aa  the  flight  of  the  most  swift  birds. 


tions  of  maranders,  and  their  disappearance  in 


XmJU?  taifdliiat  (pi.  of  ^jUJuL),  A  part 
of  the  tnrban  sash. 

j^lJJ^  tayydn,  One  who  prepares  plaster, 
mortar,  or  clay. 

tai^ib  (fern.  ^^L),  Good,  sweet. 


agreeable,  delicate.   Legal.    Xj'^  i  Uli 

And  when  his  grandmother  saw  him,  she  rose 
to  him  and  embraced  him^  kissed  him  between 


J 


the  eyes,  and  said  to  him :  May  thy  arrival  be 
blessed,  0  my  child !  How  didst  thou  leave 
thy  mother P  He  answered  her:  Well;  in 
perfiBCt  prosperity  and  in  good  health ;  and  she 

salutes  thee.    ^  L«^  ^  aJj  Ait  Jj 

And  he  put  before  him  some  of  the  yarious 
excellent,  delicions,  and  exquisite  viands.  So 
the  porter  advanced,  and,  having  said,  In  the 
name  (of  Ood,  the  Compassionate,  the  Merci- 
fbl),  ate  nntil  he  was  satisfied  and  satiated ; 
then  he  said,  Praise  be  to  God  in  every  case. 


tlb,  Perfume,  aromatiG  unguents. 

ii2o  tlyatf  Folding  or  wrapping  up  (of 
anything).  ^ 

Jo  %r,  Abird.  ^\j  vr^j  1^:-^^ 


So  I  wondered ;  and  I  raised  my  head,  and, 
contemplating  that  object  attentively,  I  saw 
that  it  was  a  bird  of  enormous  size,  bnlky 
body,  and  wide  wings,  flying  in  the  air ;  and 
this  it  was  that  oonSsaled  the  eye  of  the  sun, 
and  veiled  it. 

^j^o  taifor&n,  Flying,  flight,  to  fly. 

^jmJ?  toffth,  Levity,  inconstancy,  folly. 
Irresolution. 

wl?  tayy^,  Obsequious.  Willing.  U^, 
Willingly,  voluntarily,  of  his  own  accord. 

15 


(226) 


JUS 


taijif,  A  phantom,  a  spectre,    a 
vision  (in  a  dream).    |JJ  i—sJ?  y^j^ 


1^.  • 


Leyla's  phantom  came  by  night,  when  drowai- 
ness  had  overcome  me,  towaitls  morning,  while 
my  companions  were  aleefting  in  the  desert ; 
but  when  we  awoke  to  oehold  the  phantom 
that  had  passed,  I  saw  the  honse  deserted,  and 
the  place  of  yisitation  was  distant.  (Arabic 
prorerb,  meaning  that  what  is  done  cannot  be 
undone.) 

cJJ^  tayfoT  ^^\  ^mJt^\  aitayfdlkhafif 

The  mysterious  or  inTisible  spirit ;  the  ether ; 
a  phantom,  a  ghost.  In  the  system  of  the 
first  spiritoalists,  the  sool  was  not  created  with 
or  at  the  same  time  as  the  body,  in  order  to  be 
inserted  in  it :  its  existence  was  supposed  to  be 
anterior  and  from  all  eternity.  The  following, 
in  a  few  words,  is  the  doctnne  of  Macrobius 
on  this  head :  "  There  exists  a  luminous, 
igneous,  subUe  fluid,  which,  under  the  name 
of  ether  and  spiritos,  fills  the  universe.  It  is 
the  essential  principle  and  agent  of  motion  and 
life ;  it  is  the  Deity.  When  an  earthly  body 
is  to  be  animated,  a  small  round  particle  of 
this  fluid  gravitates  through  the  Milky  Waj 
towards  the  lunar  sphere,  where,  when  it 
arrives,  it  unites  with  a  ^;roaser  air,  and  be- 
comes fit  to  associate  with  matter;  it  then 
enters  and  entirely  fills  the  bod^,  animates  it, 
suffers,  grows,  increases,  and  diminishes  with 
it ;  lastly,  when  the  body  dies,  and  its  gross 
dements  dissolve,  this  incorruptible  particle 
takes  its  leave  of  it,  and  returns  to  the  grand 
ocean  of  ether,  if  not  retained  by  its  union 
with  the  lunar  air.  It  is  this  air  or  gas  which, 
retaining  the  shape  of  the  body,  becomes  the 
phantom  or  ghost,  the  perfect  representation 
of  the  deceased."  The  Greeks  called  this 
phantom  the  idol  or  image  of  the  soul ;  the 
Pythagoreans  its  chariot,  its  frame;  and  the 
Babbinical  school  its  vessel,  or  boat.  When 
a  man  had  conducted  himself  well  in  this 
world,  his  whole  soul — ^that  is,  its  chariot  &nd 
ether— ascended  to  the  moon,  where  a  separa- 
tion took  place ;  the  chariot  lived  in  the  lunar 
elysium,  and  the  e&er  returned  to  the  fixed 
sphere,  that  is,  to  Ood — ^for  the  fixed  heaven, 
says  Macrobius,  was  by  many  called  by  the 
name  of  God.  If  a  man  haa  not  Uvea  vir- 
tuously, the  soul  remained  on  earth  to  undergo 
purification,  and  was  to  wander  to  and  fro, 
like  the  ghosts  of  Homer,  to  whom  this  doc- 
trine miut  have  been  known,  since  he  wrote 
after  the  time  of  Pherecydes  and  Pythagoras, 
who  were  its  promulgators  in  Greece.  Hero- 
dotus, upon  this  occasion,  says  that  the  whole 
romance  of  the  soul  and  its  transmigrations 
was  invented  by  the  Eg^tians,  and  propa- 
gated in  Greece.    Solomon  treats  this  system 


as  a  fable :  Who  knoweth,  aajs  he,  the  spui 
of  a  man  that  goeth  upwards  r  I  said  in  rm 
heart  concerning  the  estate  of  the  sons  of  mn 
^t  God  mif  ht  manifest  them,  and  that  the] 
might  see  that  they  themselves  are  beasti 
For  that  which  beralleth  the  sons  of  mei 
befiiUeth  beasts ;  even  one  thing  befidld 
them :  as  the  one  dieth,  so  dieth  the  other 
yea,  they  have  all  one  breath ;  so  that  a  m& 
has  no  pre-eminence  above  a  beast:  for  a] 
is  vanity. — ^Eccles.  iU.  18, 19. 

ji^aJ?  tayfikr^  Kame  of  a  little  bird. 

^^JuL  tayloB  and  ^UJiJ?  taykuanf  \ 

part  of  the  torban,  sash,  or  anything  simil« 
nan^ff  from  the  head  over  the  shonlder^ 
particniarly  that  worn  by  the  noblemen  { 
Arabia,  etc,  of  the  family  of  Mahomet ;  ali 
a  kind  of  head-dress  or  mantle  worn  by  tk 
Sophs  or  Dervises  in  Persia. 

^j^  tfn,  Earth,  clay,  mud,  loam. 

^jJb  tlnat,  Nature,  complexion,  temperi 

ment,  disposition,  genius.  Earth,  plsstfl 
mortar. 

jj^  tuyHr  (pi.  of  JL),  Birds.    It 

commonly  believed  by  the  Muaehnen,  leam 
and  unlearned,  that  all  kinds  of  birds,  a] 
many,  if  not  all  beasts,  have  a  language  | 
which  they  communicate  their  thoughts  to  eaj 
other ;  and  it  is  said  in  the  Eur'an  iSaX  Soloiq 

was  taught  thelanguage  of  birds.  c^j\j 


^l.^^^\ 


L,^  LiJb  J. 


Like  birds,  they  fl^  away  in  the  evening 
departed.    Ana  he  who  dieth  of  love  is 
guilty.    I  will  keep  my  love  secret  while  i 
possible  to  do  so,  but  if  violent  longing  a 
come  me  then  I  will  make  it  known, 
phantom  of  her  whose  face  is  like  the  m< 
ing  came  at  night,  and  the  night  of  my  dej 
has  no  morning ! 


i» 


)o  sd,  The  seventeenth  letter  of  the  Ara 
alphabet,  denoting  900  in  arithmetic. 

^U?  tdfir  (part.)i  Orercommg,  conqii 
ing.    A  conqueror. 

Jli?  tdlm^  A  tyrant,  unjust,  iniquity 
barbarous,  cruel,  oppressive.     ^ 


f^ 


(227) 


J* 


j^\  ^i.  Then  the  king  judged 

ibe  people;  dimlaeed  the  tynniiicaU  and  in- 
ntttd  die  good  and  jort ;  and  oonHimiid  to 
gne  jtdgMot  Qttlil  near  midday, 

ji^  iM  (fiem.  ^Ife),  Thinty. 

/)o  idUr  (fem.  (^U?),  The  snrfiBoe, 

s^sfido^  otenial  part»  exterior.   Apparent, 
cien;  wtub^  efident,  certain. 

^  »ly,  A  wfld  back,  a  cheTiel^  a 
'  zdi,  a  |a^  a  roe,  m  doe. 

^>  ^M   (pi.  ^!>),    Beauty, 

«^e;iitt,giaeefQlneH. 

•^j?  i»/(pL  i-Jj|^)f  A  yessel,  a  vase, 
I  jii,  a  bottle;  a  pniie.    (GnmmaticaUj), 

An  adTeib  (of  time  and  place).  <— ^ 
*^)J^)t  The  oontaining  and  con- 
tfioaL  ^ICeSl  uJ;!^,  An  adverb  of 
place.  ^Uptt,J^,  An  adverb  of  time. 

Ji  9nfi  (pi.  of  ujbjii  «»t/),  Those 
«b  esaUiie  deganoe,  wit,  and  tact. 

^}  mr^f  (pL  of  i^)b  %arf).  En- 
^tiajKieoolaiBmg  receptacles.  (Srcamstanoes. 

^jc  tarif  (fem.  ^Jo),   Ingenions, 

^fce,  nbtOe,  indnatrioiia,  dexterous.  Bean- 
^H  gneefal,  polite,  gallant  Speaking 
'^^tlT.  [claws. 

fe  uf§r,  Victary,  triumph*     Nails  or 

m 

y^  iSl,  k  shadow.     A  cooling  shade. 

^^^nata  of  the  night.    IVotection,  goard. 
J^  vUl,  A  dond,  or  anything  similar 

*^  iflbrds  a  shade. 

^  tt^,  Obscurity,  darkness.    LJLi 

^:  v/  ^*^'  f^J^  Wri  sg/sr^ 

I*!'* 

•«««,  And  when  I  heard  her  words 

^1^  Voids,  and  witnesMd  what  passed  be- 
"^  ^  the  world  became  darkness  before 

*^*tett<,  Injustice,  oppression. 

r^*^  Becoming  dark,  obscure.   Jiet 

"^  Tpoay,  <^ipressioD,  injnstice,  injury, 
f*fT.«iftife,feroisity,barbaiity.  Tooppress. 


u;:^ 


Oppressively,    tyran- 


nically, barbarously.  uX»at2  ^\  Spj 
JJ^  <)^jt;  Cl^oli*^  C^l?-)  <j^j^U 

ulijJI,  ^  Ob  11  Ci3  J  U,  tli'\y^  J, 

Were  it  not  that  he  loTeth  thee,  he  had  not 
ikllea  sick  on  thy  aeeoimt,  and  his  sool  had 
not  almost  departed  by  reason  of  his  love  of 
Ihee  I  And  all  this  is  the  effect  of  the  oppres- 
srre  injostice  of  thy  father.  [(mght). 

UUff  %almd  (pi.  nulm),  Obscurity.   Dark 

Liiio  lalamat,  Oppressors,  tyrants.  ^uU^, 
admat,  Darkneas,  obscority. 

i*^  %alnm,  aU?  and  aJA?,  Most  cruel, 

unjust,  tjrrannical.  ijL-^\^  \  jl  ^j^JJajl 

yiJi*  V=^  C^LlaJlj  vlx-i-is  ^LJ 

*j^  ^  ^\  ^^^  uXU,  Tyrannize 

not,  if  thou  hast  the  power  to  do  so ;  for  the 
tyrannical  is  in  danger  of  rcTenee.  Thy  eye 
will  sleep  while  the  oppressed  and  wakefdl  will 
call  down  cuxses  on  thee;  but  God's  eye 
deepeth  not. 

JJJj  soft;,  Shady  (place). 

j,J]ff  %aiim,  A£Pected  by  injustice ;  milk 
*  not  onite  tamed;  earth  thrown  oat  of  a  well; 
a  idaie  ostrich. 

'UJ^  and   i\^,  Having  an  excessive 
thirst    Bnming  with  desire. 

J^  %tmn  (pi.  ^Jyiia  stmfln),  Opinion, 
thought,   imagination,    sospicion,    jealoosy. 

^Jiii\^,  A  bad  thought,  a  rash  judg- 
ment.   \3\  cl^l>-  v^tg;%.rt  f^\  ^JiaJ^ 

4il$3Uxt   CJJq^j  Dost  thou   think 

that  thy  state  will  profit  thee  when  the  time 
of  thy  departore  shall  yisit  theeP  or  that  thy 
riches  will  saTO  thee  when  thy  deeds  wiU 

damn  thee?  L:^%M0jt  Ji_:iib  4l  JU /J 


Then  he  said  to  him :  0  my  son,  I  hare  now 
given  thee  my  charge,  and  finished  it ;  and  if 
thou  obey  its  guidance,  a  blessing  will  be  with 
thee;  but  if  thou  transgress  against  it  woe  be 
unto  thee :  and  may  God  watch  otct  tiiee  for 
me  when  I  am  no  more ;  and  I  trust  thon  wUt 
not  falsify  my  hope  concerning  thee. 


jU 


(228) 


^Vc 


y^^  sunfin,  Thinking,  supposing,  ^onftn, 

A  BuspidouB  man. 
j^  %ahr  (pi.  j^  and^t),  The  back. 

uJ^I^,  The  back  of  the  hand. 

jy^  tahikr^  Appearing,  arising.     Beign, 
dominion,  fiime.  [protects. 

j^  %ahir,  One  who  backs,  aids,  assists,  or 


c  ^oyn,  The  eighteenth  letter  of  the 

Arabic  dphabet,  expreaaine  70  in  arith- 
metic.    Tne  power  of  thia  letter  ia  that  of 

\  ff  Ji/pronoaneed  with  greater  exertion 
of  the  throat,  not  eaay  to  be  explained.  Aa 
the  Roman  alphabet  doea  not  famish  any 
character  of  aimilar  power,  we  have  in  thia 
work  used  the  original  letter  itaelf  in  apeUing 
the  worda  with  the  European  alphabet. 

jjU  ^dhidf  An  adorer,  or  servant  of  God« 
jU  ^lir  (fern.  iji}^)t  Passing.     jU 

Ji;*^!,  A  passenger,  a  trayeller,  a 
atranger. 

^jtJ<s.  ^ah%%,  Austere,  stem,  sour. 
jU  ^5ft,  Proud,  violent. 

^U  ^<S;,  Ivory.     Elephants'  teeth. 

c^-^^-U  (>,,.^fg^   ^c^ulmn  ^jih,  Admir- 
able, a  wonder  of  wondera. 

J>-l£  ^dji%t  Weak,  impotent,  exhausted, 
defective,  hopeleaa,  powerleaa,  dejected. 

^|s>-le  ^ajil,  Hastening,  transitory,  frail, 
fiiding^  fleeting. 

lU^U  ^ajilan,  In  haste,  hastily, 
^^flj-lc  ^djl  (Made)  of  ivory. 

oU^  JytJ  ThamUd  wa  ^d,  Thamud  and 

Ad  were  two  tribea  of  ancient  Araba,  aaid  to 
hare  been  of  enormooa  atature,  who,  with  few 
exceptioiia,  were  deatroyed  for  their  obetinate 
idolatry.  The  tribe  of  Ad  waa  the  more  ancient, 
but  both  lived  before  tiie  time  of  Abraham. 

ii^le  ^ddat  (pi.  CL^ljU),  Custom,  mode, 
manner,    habit,    uaage,    rite,    obaervation. 

khamisahy  Cuatom  is  a  fifth  nature. 

JjU  ^dJi7,  JuBt,equitable.^^Cubiji]f  J^^ 

i^Ub  sj^j  ^•ij  ^^^^  ^J\  \^j 


^y^jiAc  ^\^   AJJ,    The  tiw 


thereupon  approached  him,  kiaaed  the  |ro« 
beibre  nim,  and  oongratulated  him  on  bu  i 
return ;  becauae  he  waa  juat  and  beloTci 

4^jU  ^di  (fem.  ^jU  ^ddiyah),  Coi 
mon,  of  every-day  oocurrenoe. 

jU  ^r,  Beproach,  scorn,  disgrace,  ; 
nominy,  dishonour,  shame.  j\ji\  i^j^ 

fire  thim  diahonour :  be  maater  of  thyieUi 
fiy  from  disgrace  and  diahonour,  thoi^h  it 
to  the  fire. 

^jU  ^dnd  (fem.  4i^le  ^ridat)^  i 

accident,  an  event  Oontingenee.  A  misi 
tune,  evil,  diaeaae. 

L^U  ^ridan,  Aoeidentally. 

i^j[s.  ^ruliU,  A  transverse  or  horizon 

piece  of  wood  over  a  door-way,  or  on  a  roo 

i^j^  ^dridlit  Aooidental,  unfortona 

lU^jle  4i^,  An  accidental  quality. 

uJ^U  ^riff  Part.  Knowing,  peroeirii 

adentifio,  wiae,  akilful,  capable.  A  penetrati 
intelligent,  ingenioua  man. 

v^^U  ^rl  (fem.  ij^U  ^riifai)^  Naki 
deatitute. 

b^le  ^drayydf  Arayya  is  the  ascii 

Aroer,  the  ruina  of  which  atand  on  the  edg^ 
a  precipice,  overlooking  the  WsdX  Mojeb, 
Arnon  of  the  Scriptnrea.  Amon  ia  one  si 
day'a  journey  to  the  aouth  of  Om-el-B^ 
and  diridea  tne  prorince  of  Belka  from  t 
of  Karak,  aa  it  formerly  divided  the  n 
kingdoma  of  the  Moabitea  and  the  Amorit^ 

jj\s>  cdsar,  Lazarus. 
^ :  U  ^d%%m,  Applying  the  mind  to.  Und 
taking  (a  journey).     Inviting,    sj^ 

\atiman  ^M  watt  an  Id  ukaUumKu  kat^ 
in  the  firm  reaolntion  never  to  ipeak  with  \ 

^U  ^Mr,  The  tenth. 

Jh2»^  idthik  (fem.  ^L&U),  A  lovefi 
inamorato;  a  aweetheart ;  a miatreaa.  Adu^ 

jytija.**^  Jh^U,  Alover  and  hisbelol 
^\yA\  ^  i^i^,  And  he  J 


(SS9) 


J^ 


Toflj  I  an  ■  hmffng  lofw,  irhom  purion 
and  wftntkm  have  oanmned ;  and  when  I 
beoae  mmnA  fSrom  mj  beloYed,  I  lost  my 
RMoo,  nd  WW  aneooaeioiu  of  my  ezistenoe. 

UJsA  ^dduMyak,  Ifataral  sympathj, 

|;^W  ^diiiiil,  The  tenth  day  of  the 

fint  nfloth,  called  /^^c^- 

Li^l£^/(aDd  Xai^U),  Strong,  violent 
(«i>4.  Bteay,  blowing  (day). 

•^^^  f^  Stb,  protected.    Chaste. 

^^  (di^   Disobedient,    rebellioQB, 
'M^ii$a^  nhaietorff  rtobbom.    A  sinner,  a 

rU  ^Utaj^dji,  The  riverOrontea, 

tfafixwoftbeandenta.    The  following  is  a 

<Ioa^  of  the  banks   of  the    Orontes, 

^(tnm  Aitiodi  and  Selcneia: — In  one  hoar 

vcnehtd  the  banks  of  the  Orontes,  hear  the 

pJKe  vlicn,  unnng  from  the  mountains,  it 

0:01 1^  pbiB,  prerioos  to  emptying  itsdf 

ialo  ikt  M,  two  ndleB  from  henoe.    At  this 

^  K^  of  iti  eonzie,  though  not  Tery  wide, 

rt  B  •  OM^  deep^  and  steady  flowing  iiTer,  and 

Boigi^  6r  Tsosds  of  about  one  bandied 

^  Mbo.    There  being  no  bridse,  we 

cmd  it  in  a  flerry-boai,  tiie  head  of  which 

^  ooBucted  by  an  iron  ring  to  a  rope 

^iarttosither  bank,  we  hadnothing  to 

fetoteihde  ooaolTes  alonff  it,  without  the 

aaaaBe  of  a  boatman.     On  reaching  the 

JMtc  dum,  we  oommenoed  ascending  the 

»  hak  of  the  stiwm,  and,  in  a  quarter  of 

ttboar,  eatflred  a  mountain  pass  of  surpassing 

■">^«     For  more  than  two  horns   from 

ws  ^  Orootes  is  seen  flowing  between  a 

wfeljae  of  high  hills,  winding  and  taming 

^^Mtiy,  ss  the  ground  over  iniich  it  pasMS 

pvnto  obrtades  to  its  free  coune,  though 

«^  it  thsteby  to  distribute  altematdy 

to  Qtbcr  ads  the  fertilizing  powers  of  its 

*^n.   In  this  interral  the  road  is  natually 

*^to  tiM  e^rieea  of  the  rirer.    At  times 

It  oa  akn;  tti  banks,  and  is  then  over  a 

■d  tf  a  daik  red  eolour,  oontrssting  pleas- 

^j  vith  die   surrounding  Terdure.      At 

T"'»^'^Mre  the  paange  is  straightened  by 

^*mr  ^proaok  of  the  stream,  it  is  a 

^^  feotpiSh,  leading  the  traTeUer  oTer 

>n  aad  nned  rocks,  with  frightful  abysses 

j?^  at  his  feet.    OccarioniQly  the  riyer 

^m  BMitiesIly  along  tlie  base  of  a  perpen- 

^'^oHunnl  hundred  feet  high,  having 

^^|ass  in  its  sides,  that  add  a  singidar 

^1^  ^  the  scene.    In  these  parts,  the 

^^■gmeally  wider  than  in  others,  and 

.^^  ■■*  eonsecpently,  some   small  green 

^itiK  cultiTation.    These  are  punted 

T^  ^Shtnj  trees  and  Tines,  and  here  and 

^***Wtsge  is  seen  peeping  from  amongst 

''^    Btt  aatara  is  more  apparant  tl^ 

^"  4a  picturesque  Tslley,  and  nowhere, 

a<K^  ii  Bj  loog  eouxse  m  travel,  haTe  I 


seen  her  beauties  laTiihed  with  so  bountiM 
a  hand.  It  is  hardly  within  the  reach  of 
language  to  oouTcy  an  adequate  idea  of  the 
luxuriant  variety  of  foliage  which  presents 
itself  on  CTcry  side.  >  Besides  tiie  rich  green 
myrtle  and  laurel,  mixed  up  with  the  wild  Tine, 
the  bay-tree,  arbutus,  plane-tree,  and  sycamore 
are  scattered  about  in  all  directions.'  But  it 
was  not  the  eye  alone  that  was  charmed.  The 
fruit-trees,  which  are  here  Tery  abundant,  were 
now  in  Ml  bloswm,  and  sent  forth  an  agree- 
able fragranes  as  we  pnsied  along;  ana,  to 
complete  the  ^ratification  of  the  senses,  the 
occasional  shaBows  of  the  riTcr  kept  up  a 
perpetual  murmur,  which  soothed  the  ear,  and 
more  thyan  once  inrited  us  to  repose.  One 
single  regret  mingled  itself  with  our  plea^ 
sure,  Tix.  that,  owing  to  its  distance  from 
our  homes,  we  could  not  hope  to  make  it  the 
object  of  frequent  pilgrimage. 

Je\e.  ^atir,  Odoriferous. 

^/JeXp  ^tis,  Sneezing. 

(.jkU  ^iif,  Benevolent,  gracious. 

^U  ^diifai,  Affection,  benevolence. 
Grace,  lirour.  [useless. 

JtU  ^dtil,  Idle,  vacant,  wanting.  Vain, 

i^jLlc  ^m,  Anything  exciting,  sneez- 
ing. 

Ls\a    ^fiyat.    Health.       h^\  ^\m 

^lalt^  Inghdyat  ui  tihha  wdl^&fiyah^ 
In  perfect  good  health.  [comes  Isst. 

i..^U   ^dhh^  A   successor,  one  who 

iJi\e.  ^dkibat,  The  end,  conclusion,  suc- 
cess, accomplishment  Issae.  Following, 
succeeding.  A  son,  o£bpring.  ^Jlsjkr 

Jlcp\  IjJb  iLiU  ^  yitkhtMha*  min 
lakibat  hazSl  hal^  The  consequence  of  this 

state  of  things  is  to  be  feared.  ^U  4! 

^U  ^  l^  b  laAu  ^kibai  yd  Jahd 
min  ^akibahf  fle  will  haTC  an  end,  but  such  a 

dreadful  end.  4j  J^  d^lc  ^alrw  kkal^ 
la/a  ^akibahradiyahf  He  has  left  children,  who 
are  of  the  worst  quality. 

Jjlc  ^kid,  Part.  Binding,  fastening, 
tying  in  a  knot 

^\s.  ^hr^  A  barren  woman. 
^U  ^dkUf  Prudent,  judicious,  intelli- 
gent, sensible,  wise,  sagacious,  c^.'^odr 

The  wrath  of  the  fool  in  words,  and  the  anger 
of  the  wise  in  deeds. 


(230) 


JU  ^lam,  The  world,  the  universe. 

JU  ^lim,  Learned. 

I^U  ^dlami,  Worldljy  mundane,  exiai- 
ing  in  the  world. 

^Lft  ^ait  (fern.  *-lU),  The  upper  part 

AboYe.    High,  iablime,  eminent^  excellent, 
grand.  [before. 

I»lc  ^(2i»,  A  year.     J^Jl  ^^U,  The  year 

4^lc  ^dmnuU,  The  vulgar,  the  eommons, 
plebeians.    A  commonity,  society,  all,  every- 

hody.  ^1  oLf  JUU,  All  the  servanta 

of  God,    all    the    aubjeots.        ^U 

^l^  ^dmmatan  k&ffaUm,  Generally, 
nniTersally,  commonly. 

iX«lc,  Who  proposes  or  designs. 

^U  ^dmtr,  Cultiyated,  inhabited.  Bich, 
abundant. 

J^le  ^dmt7  (fern.  ^lL«U),  Making,  per- 
forming. An  operator,ezecutor.  iJ^^J^^ 

^Us^  ^  15^^  ^Fjcx,  And  he  made 

me  his  flaperintendent  of  the  sea-port,  and 
regirtrar  of  every  Tessel  that  came  to  the  coast 
I  stood  in  his  presence  to  transact  his  afhiis. 

jJU  ^nid,  Obstinate,  wilful,  peryerse. 

^Ic  ^dnaA,  Aanah,  an  Arab  town  on 

the  Enphrates,  fiEimons  for  its  asses,  which  lies 
in  the  route  from  Damascus  to  Bagdad,  oyer 
the  desert.  When  the  carayan  amyes  there, 
it  has  already  left  the  desert,  and  is  no  longer 
in  danger  from  the  Bedouins. 

ifjJb\e.   ^hira,   A  whore,    a    worthless 
woman,  a  female  thief. 

JjIc   ^dyid,    Betuming,    referring   to, 

turning  towards,  appertaining  to,  belonging, 
being  related,  connected. 

^jyyjU  ^dyish,  Living  comfortably. 

^U  ^yuhah.  The  daughter  of  Abu- 
bekre,  and  the  fayourite  wife  of  Mahomet 

j;iU  ^dytii^, Part.  Preventing, hindering,, 
diverting,  frustrating,  detaining.  Anaooident 

^Ic  ^(Zytn,  Looking  with  a  fixed  and 
malignant  eye. 

Lc  ^ahd  and  iLx  ^hdi  (pL  ^^  ^^)t 


A  sortout  coat  nade  of  a  ooazae  stuff  of  gott 
hair,  stripedblaok  and  white,andwithoatfieiiD 

jLc  ^ihddf  Servants,  woishippen  of  Goc 

if  jLc  ^ddat,  Divine  worship,  adozatioi 

ij\^    ^ihdrat  (pi.  iZj\j\^)y  A  tit^ 
figure.    Sense,  meaning,  intent,  phraie. 

fij\^  i^dharlm  (Gr.  Afiaplfi),  Moia 

tains  to  the  east  of  the  Biver  Jordan,  nuinii 
into  the  tribe  of  Reuben,  and  land  of  t] 
Moabites,  on  both  sides  of  the  Biver  Ano 
The  mountains  Nebo,  Pisgah,  and  Peor,  we 
parts  of  the  Abarim.  Here  was  the  forty-fir 
encampment  of  the  Israelites  in  the  wilderoa 
and  here  Moses  died. 

if[j^{jJLc,  Abas  (Schah),  great-gran^ 

son  of  Abas  (Schah)  the  Great,  began  to  nii 
in  1642.  He  was  a  tolerant  prince,  who  m 
to  say,  *<that  God  alone  was  lord  of  men's  coi 
sciences" ;  and  that  ^  it  was  his  duty  to  vau 
oyer  the  goyemment  of  his  country,  and  to  a 
minister  justice  with  impartiality  to  sU  hia  sol 
jects  of  eyery  persuasion."  Died  1666,  aged  3 

AmaLc,  Abasa,  an  island  in  tiie  B( 

Sea,  near  Ethiopia*     JL.iLc,  Abas 

A  small  town  of  Boumania,  twelye  miles  fro 
Adrianople.  Here  is  an  elegant  mos^oe,  ai 
a  spacious  kane,  or  inn,  ooyered  with  lea 

^^^^Lff!\  Ul^l,  Abasidesy  the  name  | 

a  fEunily  of  soyereiffns,  deriyed  from  Abli 
ben  Abd-al-Motalleb,  paternal  unde  of  tl 

Arabian  prophet  HahomeL     (jiX 

ig^yi^^f  Abbas  Halli,  or  Magus, 

of  the  Magi,  and  a  physical  author,  vl 
flourished  in  the  lOth  century.  A  treatise 
his,  entitled   ''The  Boyal  Work,"   is  st 

extant.  i^JVi^Hjufr^l  ^^Le,  Abbe 

son  of  Abdalmothleb,  uncle  of  Mahomet,  f 
at  first  an  enemy  to  Mahomet,  but  bei 
taken  prisoner  by  him,  he  changed  his  sen 
ments,  and  be(»me  a  aealous  Mnssnlmi 
Died  658.  A  century  after  his  death,  ! 
grandson  Abulabbas,  sumamed  Saffsh,  « 
chosen  caliph,  in  whom  hmn  the  dynaotv 
the  Abandes,  who  enjoyed  thai  dignity  £ 

years.     sJ^J]  ^mJ^  ^^jLc,  Abbast 

sister  of  the  caliph  Haroun-al-Basehid. 
whom  she  was  married  to  Gia£ur,  his  vizi 
on  a  singular  condition  of  wedlock,  wh; 
fiuled  to  be  ftilfilled.  There  are  extant  so 
Arabic  yerses  by  her,  on  the  subject  of  1 
loye  for  Gia&r.    Liyed  in  the  8th  century. 

C^yT.  ^aboi,  Being  vain,  idle;  trifiii 
playing.    Vanity,  absurdity,  folly,  a  trifle. 

Ju£  ^oM,  A  servant,  a  slave.    ^\s 
^JLL^  Jj^\  jJ|^  Abdalla,  faU 


01 


Jy£ 


(231) 


of  Xihomet  He  ma  oiilj  a  eamel-driTer ; 
tei  th«  Mossalmaiia,  batinff  nothing  better  to 
bout  of  onoenuBg  him,  cleclare  tnat  he  was 
offend  tb  fineet  women  of  his  tribe  when  he 
V3I  feoneon  jetn  old,  and  that  on  hii  wed- 
ding Qtfiii  a  bondred  girls  ^ed  of  ^ef,  for 
bTiBg  kit  tlie  honoor  of  being  his  bride. 

J^  ^  ^tjuc,   Abdallah-ebD-ali, 

udtflf  tk  jSnt  two  ealiphs  of  the  Abasidea, 
QBda  ikm  he  serred  la  a  general  asainst 
tltt  a^  Xenren,  whom  he  ranqnished,  and 
pTKiiiaedldi  nephew  in  his  stead.  He  was 
piihT  cf  hoirible  eroelties  on  the  family  of 
tbOaaiidei,the  name  of  the  rival  family 
of  QkHpk  When  his  eldest  nrohew  died, 
k»  )ivther  Almansor  assumed  the  goTem- 
tt&tftieh  ao  displeased  Abdallah,  that  he 
naed  a  armj  against  him,  but  waa  defeated. 

Pat  to  death,  754.   j^j  ^^  dill  Juc, 

iUaOik-ebn-sobeir,  an  Arabian  chiefs  who 
f^  dte  edmhate  in  680,  notwithstanding 
^dam  of  lend,  and  enjoyed  the  digni^ 
B»  J9a.  Feu  fighting  m  the  defence  of 

Heeca,  in  his  72nd  year.    ujLSaUtjuf, 

Abdallitif,  a  distingnished  Arabio  writer,  who 
Nued  an  adsnrable  histoij  of  Ejgypt 
Born  io  Bagdad,  U61 ;  died,  1231. 

^Ulijuc,  Abdalmalek,  fifth  caliph 

^  t^  nee  of  the  Ommiadea.  His  reign  was 
^■eeeaifid;  and  on  aooonnt  of  his  great 
tvnitt,  he  was  named  tiie/PA;^^stofi«.  The 
^nr  Mjing  of  tkiimm^  m  jHnt  \e  supposed 
to  be  dmTed  from  this  drcumstance.  He 
^igBfld  tweaty-ooe  yean,  at  the  dose  of 
t»  7th  md  beginniDg  of  the  8th  oenturiea. 

^^  eft^tjuAy  Abdalrahmaiij  a 
^Ma  gneral,  and  GoTemor  of  Spain,  who, 
laer  nra^ing  Franee  witb  fire  aiid  sword, 
*»  naqnahed  at  Tooia  by  Charles  Martel. 

^  at  TooiB,    782.      ^jj^J\s^ 

C^^\  Abdalrahmaziy  Buniamed  the 

H  «e  of  the  fiunily  of  the  Ommiadea, 
'»J|W  to  Spain  in  766,  where  he  com- 
^jvd  the  Sarseens  against  their  kkg  Joseph, 
^^^^ahman  slew  that  prince,  and  was  then 
*™«ledgedeafiph.  He  also  assumed  the  title 

^^EagofCordoTa.  Died  790.  <jk«^Juc, 

^  ft  Penrian  Hahop  in  the  time  of  the 
jJl^f^J^eodosius,  wno  brought  upon  the 
^T'ttBi  a  violent  peiseeution,  and  was  the 
°J|^&n  ia  it  The  elergy  called  in 
■""•■■^  by  whom  the  Persians  were 
^'^^i;  hat fte  persecution  lasted  forty  years. 

'  «^  ^oMtt/  shamif  or  ^^^«m«JmI1  j|^  J 


•It 


cianB  and  Egyptians  used  to  paint  the  sun  as  a 
man  sitting  upon  the  lotus  or  nenuphar,  so 
representinf  the  moving  spirit  of  tbe  sun, 
whidi  in&e  manner  aa  that  plant  Uvea  in 
the  water  without  any  communication  with 
clay,  eziatB  equally  distmct  from  matter,  swim- 
ming in  empty  sjMce,  resting  on  itself:  it  is 
round  also  in  all  its  parts,  like  the  leaves,  the 
flowers,  and  the  fruit  of  the  lotos.  (Brahma 
has  the  eyes  of  the  lotus,  says  Chaster 
Neadirsen,  to  denote  his  intelligence ;  hia  eyes 
swim  orer  cTerything,  like  the  flower  of  the 
lotus  on  the  waters.)  A  man  at  the  helm  of 
a  ship  is  descriptive  of  the  sun,  which  goTems 
all.  And  Forphrry  tells  us  that  the  sun  is 
also  represented  by  a  man  in  a  ship  resting 
upon  an  amphibious  crocodile  (emblem  of  a£r 
and  water).  At  Slaphantine  the^  worshipped 
tiie  flgure  of  a  man  in  a  sittmg  posturcL 
painted  blue,  having  the  head  of  a  ram,  and 
the  horns  of  a  goat,  which  encompassed  a 
disk ;  931  which  represented  the  sun  and  moon's 
conjunction  at  the  sign  of  the  Ram — ^the  blue 
colour  denoting  the  power  of  the  moon,  at 
the  period  of  junction,  to  raise  water  into 
clouoB.  The  hawk  vrith  the  Phoenicians  was  an 
emblem  of  the  sun  and  of  light,  on  account  of 
its  rapid  flight,  and  its  soaring  into  the  highest 
regions  of  the  air  where  iieht  abounds.  There 
is  no  doubt  that  the  hol£n^  of  the  tumsol 
in  Teneration,  and  the  worshipping  it  by  the 
Ans«riah,  aa  the  personification  or  emblem  of 
the  sun,  comes  from  the  ancient  Phoenicians. 

5jufi  ^aMat  (pi.  of  Jjlc  ^aJti),  Wor- 
shippers, [retiring. 

j^  ^abr,  Passing  (a  river).   Going  away, 
(j:j\r^^  cobrat,  Tears.    il^\  ^ 

tl^  ^\  j^j,  ^fp  ^Ir^'j 


^.  iA«fw,  The  flower  tumsol,  which 
^T**  ^  greatest  Teneration  by  the 
^^■i  who  look  upon  it  as  the  emblem  of 
7  %f  the  senrant  of  the  Sun  {abdml 
;|!^*ho  is  called  Hah  nl  alihah,  the  God 
^IBda  We  know  that  the  ancient  Phceni- 


thee  with  my  tears  flowing,  and  the  drops 
from  my  eyes  running  incessantly ;  but  I  am 
not  despairing  of  the  faronr  of  my  lord. 
Perhaps  some  day  our  union  may  take  place. 

ijf^^  ^thrdnl,  Hebrew. 
ij^  ^abrat,  A  tear  jast  starting,    ^hratf 
An  exemplary  panishment,  a  lesson. 

^\  ^j^  ij^  cuoU3 , 0  my  mistress. 


I  was  not  bom  with  only  one  eye ;  I  have  a  yery 
wonderful  stonr,  which,  if  written,  would  serve 
as  a  lesson  to  nun  who  would  be  admonished. 

i^jA^  ^kari,  Perfect  in  every  respect, 
excelled  by  none.  A  lord,  a  chief,  a  com- 
mander. 


"":_     _r"  ^ 


»^. 


(^ 


(SS3) 


1^ 


^e  9.  by  Ae  loailMni  limiti  of  tilie  Bqmuh 

d  Aattiin  doninioiu,  £.  bj  the  Black  Sea 

'A  tbtBo^horns,  S.  br  Greece  and  the  Sea 

fXtmonkUidW.  by  the  Adriatic.  FnUtieal 

mmm.  Thoe  are,  by  the  Turks,  divided 

^  tkirtj-ax  gorenunenta,  called  Byalete, 

4dMB  flf  which  are  in  Europe,  eighteen  in 

^kkwa  ftne  in  Africa.    More  oomprehen- 

O^terertr,  theae  may  be.reoos[ni2ed  as 

jm  ffimm;  named  Bomnelia,  TheHaly, 

11— ,lfiii  III  |(ivina,and  Montenegro,  Bocoia, 

iAintfTvkish  Croatia,  Bolgaria,  Serria, 

VldlidUi,ad  MoldaTia.    The  Uat  three  are 

olhiAiBBiibiaaprincipalitiea,  with  lion- 

tttpJWi  aiora  raan  nominally  belonging 

toMir.   &w.  The  Black,  the  Sea  of 

^        the  idiiatic,  and  the  Ionian.   The 

01  fbw  of  Caanmdray  Salonica,  Monte 

mi  ConteaBa;  the  Straits  thoie  of 

and  the  Baidanellea ;  and  the 

Otnato  connects  the  Ionian  and 

«L   I$lattd$.  Candia,  Imbro,  Stali- 

andThaao.  u^m,  300,000 

W9wBtL   Jk$9.  Monntainons  in  generaL 

iUiftinBBdfroin  east  to  west  by  the  Balkan 

ji^fti  Man  half  of  which  is  the  ancient 

great  range  is  connected  with 

by  a  chain  which,  running 

aapantea  Soma  from  Bulgaria. 

aide  it  sends  out  two  secondary 

ef  which  travenes  Albania,  while 

kager  in  its  oonrse,  extends  even 

Qiaeee,  and  terminates  in  the  ex- 

if  the  M ores.    The  principal  moun- 

nadei  the  Balkan,  are  the  Despoto 

vBhodope,  in  the  8.,  Pindus  in  the 

fts  Binaiie  Alps  in  the  W.,  and  the 

in  the  N.    Whateyer  may  be  the 

if  the  mountains  of  Turkey,  howcTer, 

to  have  reached  the  limit 

Rwert,  The  Danube  with 

the  Dim,  the  Pruth,  the  Sereth, 

.  the  MoraTa,  and  the  SaTC.    These 

ivK.,  with  some  other  smaller  stresms. 

ilWtb  side  of  the  CUemus  ran^  the 

lltte  Arohipelago,  and  the  ^rmcipal 

te  flow  into  it  are  the  Maritsa  and 

;  the  Hebms  and  the  Azius  of  the 

Of  the  riven  in  the  west,  the  prin- 

fte  Drxn,  the  Narenta,  the  Vardari ; 

the  largest  is  the  Aohelous.  Lakn, 

cow,  and  the  largest  are  thoae  of 

isd  Scutari  in  the  W.     CUmaU, 

and  not  Ter^  warm  when  latitude 

into  considermtion.    Forut».  Bzten- 

*t  the  Boontaina.     SMogy,  The  wolf, 

W^ ihsiackal,  the  wild  boar,  and  the 

iVv.  The  products  of  the  maritime  dia- 

tf  Tstker  in  Europe  are  sufficiently 

"  tat  «•  Jiare  no  minute  acquaintance 

Wlaay  of  the  interior.    In  regard  to 

fctwti^  apples,  and  pears,  are  found 

AiMraieni  prorinces.    The  southern 

cmges,    raisins,   oUtcs,  figs,   and 

lie  grape  succeeds  in  aJmost  erery 

!  ywftuBpire;  the  pomegranate  and  the 

SpNMl  w£f  \sL  its  aouthem  and  warmest 

2>^  Vhesi^maiae^  rice,  cotton,  silk,  and 

Mn^  M  aQ  indigcDoas  to  the  country. 


Cattle  and  horses  are  reared  in  almost  erery 
part  of  the  empire.  The  goat  is  useful  in  the 
mountains;  the  ass  and  mule  are  as  those  of 
Italy.  Jfmtrals.  Unimportant,  except  iron: 
it  bias  mines  of  salt,  lead,  and  marble,  how- 
erer.  Man/.  Almost  entirely  domestic,  com- 
prising fire-arms,  woollen  and  cotton  stufis, 
shawls^  leather,  with  dyeing  and  printing 
works.  Brandy-distilling  ii  also  common 
throughout  the  country.  Mel,  Mahomedaniam, 
of  the  sect  of  Omar.  The  rule  of  faith  ia  the 
.  Koran.  Fasts  are  frequent  and  rigorous ; 
the  injunctions  in  the  principal  one  (the 
Kamanan)  being  to  taste  neither  food  nor 
drink  while  the  sun  remaina  aboTO  the  horison. 
The  great  mMority,  however,  are  followers 
of  the  Ghreek  Ohurch.  HdticatioH.  Deficient 
The  lower  ranks  are  almost  deroid  of  educa- 
tion :  learning  ia  confined  to  law  and  theology, 
which  haTC  nere  a  close  connexion ;  for  the 
lawjer  must  be  skilled  in  the  Koran,  and  tiie 
dinne  learned  in  the  law.  In  philosophy 
and  literature  their  hare  made  little  progress ; 
and  in  the  arts,  whether  useful  or  ornamental, 
they  are  equally  backward.  Army.  Upwards 
of  850,000.  This  estimate  is  giyen  for  the 
whole  of  the  Ottoman  empire.  Jfavy.  Con- 
siderable,  but  not  well-manned.  Prerious  to 
the  Bussisn  war  of  1864,  it  comprised  6  ships 
of  the  line,  10  fHgates,  6  correttes,  14  brigs, 
6  steam-frigates,  16  cutters  and  achooners,  and 
12  amaller  Tesaels,  manned  by  85,000  seamen, 
and  4,000  marines.  Many  of  these,  howeyer, 
foundered  in  the  Black  Sea,  and  others  were 
sunk  at  Sinope.  Miv,  The  puUic  revtoue  of 
Turkey  is  denyed  partly  from  a  capitation  tax 
on  Christians  and  Jews,  ptf^  nom  duties 
on  tobacco  and  other  articles  of  consumption. 
The  amount  of  the  whole  ii  about  £7,000,000 
sterling,  and  the  objecta  to  which  it  ia  applied 
are  the  army,  the  nayy,  the  fortifications,  and 
a  part  of  the  household  of  the  Sultan.  (7ov. 
Despotic,  the  power  of  the  Sultan  being  only 
yirtnally  restrained  by  the  ordinances  of  the 
Koran,  and  the  decisiotts  of  the  ulema  and 
the  mufti,  and  also  by  certain  usages.  But 
neither  these  ordinances  nor  usages  protect  the 
property  of  indiyiduals  in  the  seryioe  of  the 
state.  To  this  the  Sultan  ia  heir  in  the  eyeof  &e 
law,  and  maj  exercise  hia  power  oyer  their  liyes 
and  properties  without  anj  dread  of  general  dis- 
content. The  grand  yiner,  or  prime  minister, 
is,  by  his  office,  commander  of  the  forces.  The 
diyan,  or  cabinet  council,  waa  formerly  com- 
posed of  six  pachas,  of  the  first  character  for 
experience;  but  Setim  III.  changed  its  con- 
stitution, and  it  is  now  limited.  Another 
minister  is  the  reia  effendi,  whoee  office  cor- 
reaponda  in  part  to  that  of  the  chancdlor, 
in  part  to  that  of  the  secretary  for  foreign 
affairs  in  Britain.  The  pachas,  or  goyemors 
of  prorinces,  are  charged  not  only  with  the 
dm  and  miUtary,  but,  by  a  strange  mixture 
of  powers,  act  as  fiirmers-general  of  the 
reyenme  for  their  respectiye  proyinces.  A 
waywode  ia  merely  the  goyemor  of  a  pro- 
yindal  town,  or  of  one  of  the  diatricts  wnich 
do  not  belong  to  any  pachalio;  and  aanjak 
beys  are  the  goyemors  of  diitrioti  under  t^ 


(234) 


pacluu,  and  inretted,  like  them,  witli  both 
ciTil  and  military  functions.  There  is,  in 
Tnrkej,  hardly  any  hereditary  nobility,  and 
Tery  little  distinction  of  rank,  bnt  what  arises 
from  holding  a  public  office.  Tet  the  emira 
and  scheriffs  who  can  trace  their  genealogy  to 
Mahomet,  like  the  descendants  of  the  cele- 
brated yiziers,  Ibrahim  Khan  Oglon  and 
Ackmet  Kiuprili,  enjoy  certain  priyilera. 
The  nlemas  are  a  nnmerons  and  respectable 
body,  whose  functions  consist  in  expounding 
the  Koran,  and  in  applying  its  injunctions  lie 
the  circumstances  of  the  times.  They  thus 
combine  the  character  of  clergy  and  fatwrers, 
haying  at  their  head  the  grand  mufti,  wnose 
decrees  are  considered  by  the  public  as  the 
Toice  of  inspiration,  though  necessarily  accom- 
modated to  the  will  of  the  court.  The  imams 
or  priests  are  a  body  altogether  inferior  to, 
ana  distinct  from,  the  ulemas,  their  duty 
being  merely  to  perform  public  worship  in  the 
mosques ;  but  every  law  promulgated  by  the 
Sultan  must  be  sanctioned  by  an  act  of 
approbation  from  the  mufti.  Flop,  35,400,000. 
This  embraces  the  whole  inhabitants  of  the 
Ottoman  empire.  Lat.  between  39^  and  48° 
20'  N.    Zofi.  between  16*"  40^  and  29°  SO'  £. 

M  ^  ^\^\  c^uj^  -/  - 

malik  ui  tjthmaniyah  ft  lum^   Turkey   in 

Asia,  is  bounded  on  the  R  by  Persia,  on  the 
W.  by  the  Mediterranean,  on  the  N.  by  the 
Black  Sea  and  the  Sea  of  Marmora,  and  on  the 
S.  by  the  Pendan  Gulf  and  Arabia.  Fbliiieal 
dhitumt.  Then  oonsiit  of  Anatolia,  or  Asia 
Minor,  Armenia,  Kurdistaii,  HasopGtemiiL  or 
Al  Gezireh,  Irak  Arabi,  with  Syria,  ioehia^g 
Palestine.  I»lamU,  These,  in  the  Archipe- 
lago, comprise  Mitylene,  Nicaria,  Sdo,  Samos, 
Patmoe,  Khodes,  and  Scarpanto,  with  Cyprus 
in  the  Mediterranean.  Arta.  Estimated  at 
about  660,000  square  miles.  Deae,  Bifer- 
aified  with  a  soil  and  climate  presenting  many 
yarieties.  The  summits  of  Taurus  are  co?ered 
with  snow,  whilst  their  sides  are  clad  with 
the  yegetation  of  temperate  regions,  and  their 
yalleys  below  producing  the  fniits  of  tropical 
oountries.  In  the  south  are  arid  plains  of 
yast  extent ;  but  on  the  banks  of  tne  riyers 
fertility  abounds.  JZnvri.  The  Euphrates, 
the  Tigris,  and  their  affluents,  which  rail  into 
the  Persian  Gulf;  the  Teshil-Irmak  and 
Kizil-Irmak,  which  flowN.  to  the  Black  Sea; 
the  Mendereh  and  the  Ghiediz  to  the  Archi- 
pelago; the  Jordan  to  the  Dead  Sea;  and 
the  Jihoon,  Sihun,  and  the  Asy  to  the  Medi- 
terranean. Ztkst,  The  principal  are  Van 
and  the  Dead  Sea.  iVo.  Silk,  which  is 
extensiyely  cultivated,  oil,  medicinal  plants, 
gums,  wax,  dried  fruits,  gall-nuts,  cotton, 
wool,  goats'  hair,  leeches,  and  sponges.  The 
soil  is  capable  of  producing  all  kmds  of  grain, 
butagpcultureisinawretobedstate.  MineraU. 
All  kinds  are  to  be  found  in  the  mountains. 
Man/.  Increasing;  silk,  fine  cotton,  swoid- 
blades,  fire-arms,  Turkey  leather,  and  dyeinff 
are  followed.  JBxp.  Silk,  fruits,  drugs,  ana 
Turkey  leather.     Imp,  Coffee  nom  Arabia, 


and  manufutured  goods  from  Eorope; 
internal  communication  is  defectire,  t 
being  few  roads  and  canals.  The  cual 
the  great  means  of  transport.  Lai.  betvc 
39°  and  48^  20*  N.  i;<M.  between  16"  4(r 
29*  30'  £.  The  earliest  notice  of  the 
or  Turkmans,  in  history,  is  about  the  ;< 
800,  when,  issuing  from  an  obscnre 
they  obtained  possession  of  a  part  of 
called  from  them  Turoomania.  They  a 
extended  their  conquests  over  the  adjacent  [ 
of  Asia,  Africa,  and  Europe,  occupying  S^ 
Egypt,  and  eyentually  the  territory  that 
mamed  to  the  Greek  emperors.  In  1^ 
Constantinople  was  taken  by  Mahomet  11 
The  Morea  and  the  islands  were  aftervuil 
oyemm,  with  parts  of  Hungary,  the  Cnme^ 
and  the  shores  of  the  Black  Sea.  They  M 
took  the  whole  of  the  countries  now  formiog 
Turkey  in  Asia,  the  Hez|a  in  Egypt,  and  the 
regencies  of  Tripoli,  Tunis,  and  Algiers.  Ib 
the  17th  century  their  power  declined.  Tie 
Austrians  expelled  them  from  Hnngarj,  a&i 
Russia  stripped  them  of  much  of  Iheir  terri- 
tory. The  Greeks  formed  an  independeiit 
state;  and  the  French  haye  taken  Algien; 
the  Danubian  principalities  are  under  tbei 
influence  of  Bussia,  and  many  of  the  pro- 
yinces  of  Asia  Minor,  Arabia,  and  Eg^ 
haye  been  wrested  from  them.  In  IS]^ 
Moldavia  and  Wallachia  were  invaded  bj  tbt: 
Russians,  when  the  Porte  declared  war  agaio^ 
the  Ciar.  In  this  struggle  the  Saltan  wu 
assisted  by  the  British,  French,  and  Sardimios. 
and  the  result  was  the  final  defeat  of  the 
Russians. 

^^Icf^d^'d/y  Blowing  hard.  Uannnriog* 
(as  flowingirater).  ^J  L^  U  ^j£  ^' 

^\a^\jj^\  ^Jb\J^ ,  And  he  prooeedec 

along  the  track  for  days  and  nights,  nntil  h 
approached  a  roaring  sea,  agitatd  with  waTe$ 
and  the  footmarks  reached  to  the  shore  of  tb 
aea,  and  there  ended. 

Jb»*l^  ^'dfai,  Some  dust  or  smoke. 

jJb3\\  uJfj^  ^qfartfu^tTdahr,  The  acci 

dents  of  fortune. 
i^U*  ^qfdyib  (pi.  of  i-JK^),  Miraclci 

prodigies,  portents,  things  wonderful  and  iti 

pendens,  i^l^j  c^lsf ,  Admirabi 

and  strange. 

jlfBf^  ^dyh  (pi.  of  J^),  Old  womo 
y^^  ^aht  Wonderful !  A  marvelloi 

thing.  Admiration.    i,,^.JLs:^t  u^-^ 

A  wonder  of  wonders,  strange  portents^  moi 
strons  appearaaoes* 


(^ 


(23S) 


(^ 


Lb^  ^pjai^  Afltoniabmg !   strange  I 
Ii  h  ponble!     Wonderfolly,    itnngely. 

l|»tJb^LB^  ^t^dban  ydfn  am  Idj  1 

vooder  wlietlLer  he  will  come  or  not. 

cJUll  c^i  (;4J,  The  fruit  of  self- 

^  ^ijd,  An  egg,  fritter,  or  omelet. 
i3j£r  ^jfanfai,  Celerity,  precipitation, 

^  ^90,  WsiknesBy  infirmity,  dehility. 
Jr  t9^}  Haste,  v^pedition*    ^,  A 

cmradt 


^^i)^  Haste,  velocity,  expedition, 

pnopitBtioD.     As^\^le>j  In  haste, 
»%,  opeditioailj.    ^v'Ail,  A  oow-eal(  a 


if^m,  Pernans.      fjs?^\  tSL  bildd 

Fenia.    A  eoontry  of  Alia,  ▼hich 

mfoatJUj  be  eonaidered  as  the  meet  opulent 

ns  powoiiil  of  any  to  the  west  of  India. 

Tbf  Rgkm  whidi  ■ociaa  to  be  most  proparW 

Kaadend  as  Penia  is  bounded  on  tbe  W, 

hj  isatit  Tarkey,  N.  hr  Traoseaiiaasia  and  the 

Ca^  Sea,  K  by  A^>iftiii«tftn  and  Beloo- 

(Wtt,  and  8.  1^^   tiia  Persian  Golf  and 

Aabba  Sea.    /HMnms.  These  are  twelre, 

adaR  named  Aaerbijan,  Irak  Ajemi,  Lnristan, 

^UiteByFarsy  Laristan,  Kermao,  Ghilan, 

Mttsdoaa,  Aatrabad,  Kmdiatan,  and  Khor- 

isa.    Area,  600,000  square  miles.    Due. 

KgotttBODs,  being  intenected  by  the  immense 

c^  of  Csacasos,  which  fills  the  mterral 

^ra  the  Black  Sea   and   the  Caspian. 

SwAwarig  tie  the  numntains  of  Armenia 

«£d  Enrdkaaa,  whidi  connect  themseWes  with 

Uotat  Tmras.    These  are  Tery  lofty,  and 

in  the  fromier  and  dehatable  ground  between 

t^Penaan  and  TarkSdi  empires.   The  interior 

Rssito  of  an  immenae  my  salt  plain,  tra- 

^Bsd,  bovercr,  bj    many  mountains   and 

f'tSBa,  vw^  lost  in  the  sands,  or  formed 

asobka.    Tnese,  bowvrer,  are  the  means  of 

P^^acig  sU  the  fertility  which  the  empire 

«Bi  koHt;  tad,  when  they  are  abundant, 

^^^  fee  ^aina  throogh  which  they  flow 

ontifiil  aaa  luxoriaat  in  an  extraordinary 

^f^    That  «f   Shxrax  ia  eonaidered  the 

Bttaf  Ptenia,aadahDostof  tiiefiast.    The 

P^  >f  Iipahaa  ia  oidj  second  to  it.    The 

P^^'^veei  on  tha  Caaptan,  watered  from  the 

gR(t  ^OM  of    Caucasus  and  Blbura,  are 

^  niy  itoaikaMfi  ftrtility.     JRivert.  These 

^>^<aEBB8tly  to  the  frontier.  The  Euphrates 

"^  n|m  axe  entirely  included  within  the 

N^af  Bagdad,  whilst  theKur  andArazes 

*'^  ^nheaded  witiiin  the  Bussian  frontier. 

The  Oni  heloBga  properly  to  Tartary,  and 

ks  fidnod  to  CabuL    iookgy.  There  axe 


few  animals  peculiar  to  the  country.  The 
domesticated  mclude  most  of  those  common 
to  Burope,  with  an  excellent  breed  of  mules, 
the  camd,  the  ass,  and  the  goat,  from  which  a 
▼aluabie  wool,  similar  to  that  of  Tibet,  is 
obtained.  Its  wild  animals  are  lions,  bears, 
tigers,  wild  boars,  jackals,  wolres,  and  hyamas. 
iVv.  The  centre  and  south  of  Persia  being 
almost  entirely  destitute  of  trees,  yet  abounoa 
in  fruita;  and  the  Tine  flouriahea  in  aereral 
proTinoea.  The  mulberry  in  the  northern 
proTinces  Is  so  extremely  abundant,  as^  to 
render  silk  the  staple  proauoe  of  the  empire. 
The  rich  and  welUwatered  plains  of  Ghilan 
and  Mazanderan  yield  the  au^-caue  in  con- 
aiderable  plenty;  but  a  defidency  of  water 
ia,  in  general,  the  great  want  of  tne  country. 
A  yaat  extent  of  it  is  left  in  pasture,  and 
tenanted  by  wandering  shepherds,  like  those  of 
Tartary  and  Arabia,  who  frequently  resort  to 
robbery  for  a  subsistence,  rendering  both  life 
and  propertT  insecure.  Poppies  are  largely 
ffown  for  ine  sake  of  opiuin,  and  roses  for 
m  h^hly-Tslued  extract  which  they  produce. 
A  thhd  of  the  country,  howsTer,  is  nothing 
more  than  a  desert  Minerak,  None  worked 
of  importance,  except  salt,  which  is  abundant, 
the  ground  being  ererywhera  more  or  less  im- 
pregnated with  it;  also  all  the  lakes.  Kaphtha, 
or  bitumen,  is  found  in  pits  three  net  aa 
diameter,  and  ten  or  twelve  deep,  which  fill  of 
themselres  after  a  certain  ]»eriod.  The  moun- 
tains also  produce  turquoises  and  other  pre- 
cious stones.  Manf.  Importent ;  the  luxury 
and  splendour  of  the  great  affording  an  exten- 
siye  demand  for  the  mier  fabrics,  and  for  works 
of  ornament.  In  producing  dyes,  the  Persians 
excel ;  and  tbe  wool  of  their  flocks  ii  manu- 
&etui«d  into  beautiful  carpeto  and  shawls. 
Silk  is  also  a  great  ataple,  either  by  itaelf,  or 
mixed  with  cotton  ana  wool;  and  the]r par- 
ticularly excel  in  brocade  and  embroidery. 
Arms  are  extenslTely  fabricated;  and  larj^ 
quantities  of  leather,  paper,  and  porcelain, 
nearly  equal  to  that  of  China.  •InkabitemU 
The  Persians  are  gay,  liyely,  and  active; 
ostentetious  and  profiise  in  their  drees,  laviah- 
ing  upon  their  persons  jewels  and  gold  oma- 
menti  of  all  descriptions.  There  is  no  country 
where  the  beard  is  regarded  with  such  venera- 
tion, it  being  repeatedly,  during  the  day, 
washed,  combed,  and  adjusted.  Ihey  are  the 
most  learned  people  of  the  East ;  poetry  and 
the  sciences  may  even  be  considered  as  their 
ruling  passion.  In  the  former,  their  fame  is 
deddedly  superior  to  that  of  any  other  Oriental 
nation;  the  names  of  Hafls,  Ferdusi,  and 
Sadi  are  classic  even  in  Europe ;  their  effu- 
sions, howerer,  are  chiefly  confined  to  love- 
songs,  and  are  too  sensual  and  hyperboliod 
for  Europeans.  Morality  is  much  studied  in 
Persia,  (bough  Uttie  practised.  Rdigion. 
Mahometan,  of  the  sect  of  Sunnites,  or  of 
the  followers  of  Ali.  Chv*  Despotic,  under  a 
shah,  whose  subjects  are  considered  as  his 
slares.  Army,  100^00,  mostiy  composed  of 
irregular  cavalry.  But  the  detenoe  of  Persia 
rests  mainly  upon  the  wandering  tribes,  which, 
by  a  great  eff<H  may  be  raised  to  160,000  or 


^ 


(236) 


200,000  men :  fhey  reo«iT8  no  regilar  pay. 
JPop,  YaiioiulT  estimated;  perhaps  about 
10,000,000.  tat.  between  26^  and  40''  N. 
Zon,  between  44**  and  or  E.  The  Fenians, 
as  a  nation,  first  rose  into  notice  on  the  mins 
of  the  great  empires  founded  on  the  Euphrates. 
Babylon  was  taken  by  Cyrus,  and  his  empire 
extended  wider  than  any  before  estabUshea  in 
the  world.  It  compriMd,  on  one  side,  the 
west  of  India;  on  the  other,  Asia  Ifinor, 
Syria,  and  Egypt ;  an^  was  only  bounded  by 
the  prodigies  or  yalour  with  whioh  the  Qreeu 
defended  their  small  tenitory.  After  a  feeble 
struggle,  it  suocnmbed  to  the  braye  and  disci- 
plinea  armies  of  Alexander.  It  was  then  split 
mto  fragments  by  the  decease  of  its  founder ; 
but  Oreeks  and  week  soyereig[ns  continued, 
during  seyeral  centuries,  to  reign  oyer  Asia. 
About  two  centuries  before  Clms^  Arsaoes 
founded  the  monarchy  of  the  Parthians ;  and 
in  the  third  century  arose  the  dynasty  of  tiie 
SassanidiB,  who  restored  the  name,  witii  the 
religion  and  laws,  of  andent  Persia.  They 
were  oyerthiown  bjr  the  Midiometan  inyaders, 
who  soffered  in  their  turn  from  the  euccessiye 
inyasions  by  the  descendants  of  GengUs, 
Timur,  andbytho^^^  who  entirely  changed 
the  aspect  of  western  Alia.  Atlength,inl601, 
a  natiye  dynasty  again  arose,  under  Ismail, 
who  placed  himself  on  the  throne.  Hisposte- 
rity  haying  sunk  into  yolnptuousness,  Persia, 
in  the  begmning  of  the  last  century,  was  oyer- 
mn  by  the  Afghans,  who  carried  fire  and  sword 
through  its  remotest  extremitiea,  and  reduced 
its  proudest  capitals  to  ashes.  The  atrocities 
of  the  Afjphans  were  ayenged,  and  the  inde- 
pendence of  Persia  yindicated,  hj  Nadir  Shah  ; 
out  though  the  yictories  of  this  daring  chief 
threw  a  lustre  on  hii  country,  after  his  death, 
it  was  almost  torn  to  pieces  b^  ciyil  war,  till 
the  fortune  of  arms  gaye  a  decided  superiority 
to  Kerim,  or  Kurreem  Khan«  His  death  gaye 
rise  to  another  disputed  succession,  with  ciyil 
wan  as  ftirious  as  before.  At  length,  Aga 
Hahommed,  a  eunuch,  raised  )iimself,  by  crimes 
and  daring,  to  the  soyerdgnty,  and  not  only 
swayed  it  during  his  lifotime,  i>ut  transmitted 
it  to  his  nephew,  who  aasomed  the  title  of 
Futteh  AH  Shah. 


^uma^ub-  ^'amui^n,  Persia. 

\<^^  l^<»^h  ^  Persian. 

i^  ^ajwatf  A  fine  Medina  date. 

^(yitiif  An  old  woman.  vjuJlil  Uli 
^  ^^  »jlp' J>f^\d  ^Ij  \4  ^^ 

v^"l">5l  JU;  ^^  And  when  she  xe- 

ooyered,  she  said  to  her :  0  wieked  old  woman, 
were  it  not  for  my  foar  of  Qod  (whose  name 
be  exalted !},  I  had  killed  thee. 

j-%j^  ^jlh  (fern.  i»*j?*),  Vonderful, 

admirable,  strange,  u,..%>5P^^y£K  1 JJ^ 
h«aa  khabar  ^({fib.  This  ii  wonderfuL 


J^ 


^tn,  Floor  and  water,  paste. 

jLfi  ^add,  Numeration,  number.  To  nnm 
her,  compute,  reckon,  estimate. 

1«X£  ^add,  Besides,  exoepL 

jt*Xc  ^iddd,  Number,  enumeration. 

JlIIj^  ^addlatf  Justice,  equity,  law.  J 
court  of  justice. 

^t  Jtf  ^tMUdn,  The  time  in  which  an] 

thing  is  done;  as^lJ^^jLCUi^O^l! 
That  was  in  his  time.         ^ 

cL9\^1j^  (pi.  of  ijlj^  ^addwai),  Enmit] 

hatred,  animosity,  rancour,  hostilit] 

^isi\i£^^CLJjij^^\,  Speak  not  wit 

the  tongue  of  enmity,  nor  look  with  iti  e% 
but  folm  the  coyenant  of  feUowship  before  u 
time  for  discoyering  a  remedy  shall  naye  psae 

i3^  ^iddai,  Number,  a  multitude,  man; 

JOfi  ^adad  (pi.  J^«Xfi1),  Number. 

4«iac  ^adoiot  One  lentiL  ^/i*«Xe,  lentil 

^  ji*>Af.  ^adaAjfot,  Dish  of  leatila. 

JkXfi  '^tuM,  Equity,  justice,  rectitod 
probity.     Being  just,  equitable.     Bighteoi 

ness.  i^t\  ij\:ji\  Jac  ^adhd  ^tndyi 

n/  iia  hiyatf  The  jurtioe  of  Dirine  ProrideiK 
It  is  related  that  a  certain  holy  man  emploT 
himself  in  deyotion  upon  a  lofty  mountti 
beneath  which  ran  a  spring  of  water;  ti 
during  the  day  he  used  to  sit  upon  the  sums 
of  the  mountain,  so  that  he  ooold  tee  i 
people,  but  no  one  could  see  him.  As  he  n 
one  day  repeating  the  praises  of  God,  a 
looking  towards  the  spring,  he  beheld  a  hon 
man  approach,  who  alighted  from  his  hor 
and,  putting  down  a  iMthem  belt  which 
was  wearing,  drank  of  the  water  and  rested 
little,  after  which  he  departed,  forgetting  t 
leathern  belt,  which  contained  a  great  quant 
of  pieces  of  ||old.  A  fow  minntes  after  a  n 
came  to  dnnk  of  the  water,  and  aeeinff  \ 
belt  he  took  it,  drank  of  the  water,  ana  < 
parted.  Then  there  came  after  him  a  n 
who  was  a  wood-cutter,  beazinff  a  heavy  bun 
of  firewood  upon  his  back,  ana  he  seated  hi 
self  by  the  spring  to  drink  of  the  water.  1 
lo,  the  horseman  who  had  left  his  belt  ca 
back  in  the  utmost  distreas,  looked  for 
belt^  and  not  finding  it^  he  said  to  the  wo< 
cutter.  Where  ii  the  belt  that  waa  here  P 
know  nothing  of  it,  answered  the  wood-cuti 
Thereupon  the  horseman  drew  his  cword  i 
dew  him;  and  leamhlng  in  hia  dothei  i 


u 


«u 


(  237 )  i^A* 


fti&iffBothnig,  he  kfttiie  plaee  tiid  went  his 
vay.  xhe  boh  man,  who  dia  not.epeak  for  fear 
Ittt  be  ahonld  nade^  the  fiite'of  the  wood- 
cBtter,  aid  witiiiii  hiimelf  after  the  departure 
of  tbehonemas :  0  Lord,  one  penon  took  the 
BflKj-belt,  aad  another  who  u  innocent  has 
beea  dain  nnrast^!  But  God  said  to  him  by 
RTdstkn :  Gooa  man,  occupy  thraelf  witn 
%  devotioo,  for  the  goreniment  or  the  kinff- 
doa  tt  Bot  thine  aiair!  The  &ther  of  the 
boDnsD  had  taken  br  force  those  jneoes  of 
pm  tiie  proper^  of  toe  fiither  of  this  man, 
■>  I  bsre  pot  me  son  in  possession  of  his 
fafto^i  propertj;  and  the  wood-cntter  had 
b  the  ikther  of  this  horseman,  wherefore  I 
kie  enabled  the  son  to  take  retaliation. 
TbacspoB  the  holr  man,  glad  and  joyful  in 
fte  Lod,  exelaimea :  Jost  art  thon,  0  Lord, 
iBd%  redgmeBts  are  right  and  eonitable ! — 
Fran  <*  Tbs  Wonden  of  the  Creation." 

^^  ^aSU/ak^   Anerten  of  Jastioe, 

litsal^  Jastidariea ;  the  sect  or  class  of 
'■uea  pUlospphers  who  assert  that  Qod 
a^flslj  on  principles  of  justice,  conformable 
to  haaaa  resson.  God  cannot,  say  they,  com- 
and  SB  imprscticable  wonhip,  nor  ordain 
iBpoBBUe  sctiom^  nor  enjoin  men  to  perform 
TO  ii  beyond  flieir  ability ;  but  whererer  he 
nqiiza  obedience,  lie  will  oestow  the  power  to 
»jej.  He  remores  the  cause  of  eril ;  he  allows 
vtoRSMm;  sad  impoaes  only  what  is  easy, 
iQtvbttii  diiBcult.  He  makes  no  man  re- 
^MwUe  fat  the  actions  of  another,  nor 
MBkbei  bia  far  that  in  which  he  has  no  part. 
He  i^ntei  not  as  a  crime  what  he  himself 
Ui  eiested  in  inao,  nor  does  he  nouire  him  to 
tfdd  wbst  destiny  has  decreed.  This  would 
k  iratiee  and  tyranny  of  which  God  is  in- 
apuk  ftom  the  perfection  of  hii  being,  etc 

1^  ffUd  (pL  of  Jj  J^),  Pain,  equals. 

f^  ^4dlM,  Want>  privatioii,  defbct,  in- 

cnMoMe,  noting.  Annihilation.  To  anni- 
\Mt,  to  xedace  to  want,  to  make  defectire. 

v^yUj^  ^^damul  wafd^  Ingratitade. 
CjLjII  AtXc  ^adamid  tnidrntfah,  In- 
bomity.  lA^j^\/bJ^^ad4Mnulmar'' 
^^tk,  Ifercilessiiees.  ^UUf  aJ^ 
¥fj^\  Ifiam  imidn  oHawdih,  Not  to 
^  lUe  to  erplain.     Jms  JL.\  f,S^ 

j^\  ^tdam  imhdnfi^  hhayir,  Not 
^WtUeto  do  good  (to  any  one). 

(^•^  ^tiamU,  Pri^atiTe,  depriving, 
cr^  ^,  The  Garden  of  Eden.    That 


in  which  alone  they  behold  the  face 
*  M  MitHj  a  Hebrew  word  signifying 
TMsm"  or  •'delight,"  was  made  the  name 
"jev^oil  pbcea  whicn  weie  either  remarkably 
frtttfal  in  their  soi],  or  pleasant  in  their  sitoap 


tion.  1.  Damascus,  the  Plain  of  Aven,  and 
the  House  of  Eden,  called  CoBlo-Syria.  2.  Ar- 
menia, between  the  sources  of  the  Tigris,  the 
Euphrates,  the  Araxes,  and  the  Phasis. 
3.  Chaldea,  not  far  from  the  banks  of  the 
Euphrates,  a  country  remarkable  for  its  ex* 
treme  fertility. 

^  Ji£  Aden,  a  Beaport,  the  capital  of  the 
ftate  of  Aden,  situate  on  a  rocky  peninsula  in 
the  south-west  extremity  of  Araoia,  projecting 
into  the  sea.  It  was  formerly  strongly  fortified, 
and  the  most  opulent  city  or  Arabia ;  but  had 
altogether  declined,  when  it  was,  in  1840, 
taken  poesession  of  b}r  the  British,  who  haye 
conyertod  it  from  ruin  and  misery  into  a 
flourishing  place  of  trade,  encompassed  by 
fruitful  orchards  and  blooming  garoens.  Its 
harbours  are  the  best  on  the  Arabian  coast. 
Betveen  the  mountain-masses  which  command 
their  entrance,  there  is  a  space  of  4  miles,  and 
yessels  may  take  up  any  position  in  a  depth 
of  water  of  from  6  to  10  fathoms.  On  account 
of  this,  Aden  has  become  one  of  the  principal 
coaling  stations  of  the  Aoglo-Indian  mail 
steamers,  and  eyery  year  it  is  becoming  a  place 
of  greater  importance.  Fop.  24,000.  Lat, 
\r  46'  N.    Un.  46°  10'  £. 

jjLfi  ^adHWf  An  enemy,   j^  JiUjj^ 

Jjblsf>  (ji'^^^yt  Better  a  pradent 
enemy  than  a  foolish  friend. 

^f^J^  ^adiiwdnf  Transgreasing,  heing 
iniquitous,  unjust.     Hating.     Hostility,  in- 

jastioeiOppieBsion.  w^  fcl^*;*^  li^ JiS 


^  IascH^  d^  LS^Jj>->  t  I  kept  company 


with'  thee  through  fisar  of  thy  qppression,  and 
.  flattered  thee  without  a  hope  of  conciliating 
thy  kindness ;  but  now  terror  has  descended 
on  thee  and  affected  thee,  and  punishment 
hath  oyertaken  thee. 

ifjjLc  ^awat  (fem.  of  jtXc),  A  female 
enemy. 

^^«X£  ^adwa^t  Contagion. 

Jj J^  ^adld  (or  » JjtXc),  Nameroas. 

^ i^c  ^adllf  In  quantity  or  weight  equal 
to  another  load.    Alike,  just. 

AJ^tXfi  ^ailmj  Destitute,  deprived.  ^J^f 
Jli^il,  Incomparable,  a  nonpareil. 
Ujll  V  J^>  Faithless,  an  infidel.    Un- 

gratefuL  ^^Aa.4]t  ajAc  ^adlmvUma^ 
kuU^ahy  Destitttte  of  intellectual  &culties, 
mad,  stupid,  foolish.  An  idiot.    ^ J^ 


^Jwc 


(838) 


ajLj^l  ^adlmul  inadntyah,  Inhaman. 

dL^iiWl  aJ  J^  ^adlmvl  hdaaiffah,  One 
who   has   no   hnman   feelings.      Senseleas. 

Jjkffll  ViXfi  ^dfmuil  ^adl,  TJnjast. 
iMujW  ^«Xc  ^adlmwh  thafaka,  Merci- 
less.    iJjMi\  AJ[«Xfi  ^adlmul  ma^/ah, 

Uninstnicted.  ^UoUt  ^(X£  ^atHmul 
iatafah.  Impolite,  coane. 

L^]^^  ^Mdb,  Pain,  punishment,  torment, 
torture.  ^\^i^  ^*^^J  i}ij^  *^}^^  y^3 

i4ii\  ^ji  J\  f^1\  cj'J-JV  He  "was 

black  and  tall,  and  he  was  crying  ont :  Let  mj 
Lord  be  praised,  who  hm  appointed  me  this 
severe  affliction  and  painfhl  tortore  nntil  the 
day  of  resurrection. 

if  iXe  ^t2dr.  The  face,  cheek,  jaw,  temple. 

The  side  of  the  beard,  part  of  the  down 
stretching  along  the  cheeks.  That  part  of  the 
bridle  wmch  presses  upon  the  jaws. 

L^ikt,  ^as3.  Sweet  water.  ^UJI  c^iXf 

lasbui'bayan.  Sweet  and  smooth  in  utterance, 
as  the  flowing  of  a  stream  of  water. 

J  j^  ^iMT,  An  excuse,  pretext.   Jl^b^j^ 
^ffir  hdtily  A  subterfdg^.  Vi^ JJt  J^^ 

CS^jl  )t«  ^amZ  dCjiiull  UJ,  So 

the  wolf  accepted  his  apology,  and  ceased  from 
Ultreating  him,  but  said  to  him:  Speak  not 
of  that  which  concemeth  thee  not,  lest  thou 
hear  that  which  will  not  please  thee. 

\jSb.  ^atrd  (pi.  fc/jf  J^),  A  virgin. 

J«3^  ^as/,  Chiding,  to  chide.     ^  ^^ 

yj^i^  S-^'»  ^y  wearied  camel 

Scans  aiid  grunts  from  fati^e,  when  I  apply 
e  spurs ;  and  those  who  nde  with  me  vehe- 
atly  chide  me. 


mem 


Ju^tXx  ^ftuhat,  Sweetness. 

^jU^  LT?  si'  si*^^«  Wl  ^=-^ 

Li^J  lS^  «^Ui3J,  Her  words  sounded 

sweetly  to  me,  and  they  were  agreeable  to 
me  to  the  very  bottom  of  my  heart,  and  I 
answered  her:  0  my  mistress,  my  fate  brought 
me  to  put  an  end  to  my  grief  and  affliction. 


uJ\^  ^arrdf,  An  augur. 
o!/^  ^tirdit>  Babylonia,  Chaldea. 
U^lr^  ^flrflyM  (pi.  of  ^/*^j^)t  Brides. 
il^jS.  ^dffik  (pL  of  ^j^),  Battles* 
^r^  ^tih,  Arabia.    An  Arabian  (ap* 

plied  to  those  who  inhabit  cities.  L^^y^\  I 

denoting  the  wandering  Arabs).  The  Bedooi! 
mode  of  life  mayhaTe  some  charms,  eren  for! 
eiyilized  men.  The  frankness  and  uncomijpttd 
manners  of  the  Bedouins  most  powernOy 
attract  erery  stranger,  and  their  society  ii 
traTellin^  is  always  pleasant ;  but  after  a  fcv 
dbays'  residence  in  their  tents,  the  noreltj  ev^ 
sides,  and  the  total  want  of  occupation  aift 
the  monotony  of  scenery  efface  all  the  fint 
impressions,  and  render  ue  life  of  a  Bedouin 
unsupportable  to  any  person  of  an  adiTe  dih 
position. 

^IimJ^  ^arahutdn,  Arabia.     JSttan  n 

a  Persian  word,  signifying  country,  and  U 
used  as  a  termination  to  proper  names— at  ii 
Frank-estan,  Kourd-estan,  Indo-stan,  Turk- 
estan, etc. 

^^jC.  ^urhiLn,  Earnest. 

ijjC  ^arhahy  A  wheeled  carriage,  chariot, 
coach,  curricle,  chaise,  waggon,  cart 

lS^'J^  ^oraJl  (fem.  ^,j^\  A  civilized 
"Arabian.  The  Arabic  language.  TheAnbic 
of  Syria  is  much  harsher  than  that  of  £^(- 
The  pronunciation  of  the  professors  of  tor 
law  at  Cairo  is  esteemed  a  model  of  frdlhr 
and  elegance ;  but  that  of  the  inhabitants  of 
Yemen  is  infinitely  softer,  and  gires  gnrit 
fluency  to  the  Arabic 

Xj^  or  X^  f«I1  j\^\  Arabia,  an  ez- 

tensiye  countey  of  Asia,  the  general  outlise  of 
which  forms  an  irregular  quirarangle,  boonded 
8.  by  the  Indian  Ocean  and  the  Gulf  of  Omaiu 
W.  by  the  Red  Sea,  E.  by  the  Gulf  of  Petm. 
and  N.  by  Turkey  in  Asia.  Ext-  1,500  milti 
long,  with  an  ayera^  breadth  of  800.  Aru, 
1,200,000  sauare  miles.  Ihvinons,  Arabia  ii 
commonly  oiyided  into  three  parts.  Archit 
Felix^  or  Happy  Arabia,  bordering  on  the 
Persian  Gulf,  the  Indian  Ocean,  and  the 
southern  part  of  the  Red  Sea ;  Arabia  Pttra*^ 
or  Stony  Arabia,  lying  on  the  Red  Sea  north 
of  Aral)ia  Felix ;  una  Arabia  DMorta,  or  the 
Desert,  including  all  the  interior  and  northen 
parts  of  the  country.  Among  the  Arabsau 
these  names  are  not  Imown.  The  diyisioo 
which  we  call  Arabia  Deserta,  they  call  Nedi* 
jed ;  Arabia  Petrssa  is  denominated  Hedjai 
and  Arabia  Felix  is  divided  into  the  kiug(U»m 
of  Yemen,  Hadramaut,  Ommon,  and  Lacha& 
Deic,  The  general  aspect  of  Arabia  is  a  tk) 
and  arid  desert,  interMcted  about  *the  oentn 
by  a  range  of  mountains,  supposed  to  strrtcl 
fifom  the  shores  of  the  Red  Sea  by  Mecca,  ti 


^/^ 


(239) 


thoN  of  the  Persian  Oolf  at  tlie  Bahrein 

Uuub,  with,  here  and  there,  some  spots  of 

fertile  groimd.    The  edges  of  the  ooimtry  on 

the  Nt-eoast  oootain  some  floorishing  pro- 

TiBoa  aod  settlementB;  bat  in  all  parts  they 

safer  for  want  of  water.    Jfotm^aMM.  These 

extend  alon;  the  W.  coast  from  the  Straits  of 

fiaW-maodeb  to  &e  6nlf  of  Akaba,  rising 

in  peaked  tops  in  some  parts  from  5,000  to 

8,000  feet     Their  length  is  about  1,000 

oHo,  nd  their  distance  from  the  coast  from 

twdTetoiixtj.    The  Mount  Sinai  group  lies 

betweea  die  Gnlf  of  Akaba  on  the  east,  and 

that  of  8iK2  on  the  vest,  and  nearly  fills  the 

^Qiaala,  whieh  there  projects  into  the  Red 

Sea.  Amti.  None  navigable.    There  are  a 

frwitic3i&i,bQt  they  are  mostly  dry  in  the 

hot  KttOD,  and  in  some  parts  no  rain  frdls 

niBedmei  for  a  year  toeether.    Lakw,  Pro- 

perij  ipeakioff,  none.    ForeBtt.  None  worth 

oacuBg.  Zoolofff,  The  panther,  jackal,  wolf, 

lod  li^ciia  roam  the  deserts,  and  follow  the 

Bedmas,  or  track  the  path  of  the  carayans. 

imoogit  the  mountains,  the  rock-goat,  the 

fox,  lad  the  mnsk-deer  are  found,  whilst  in 

thd  man  fertile  parts  the  antelope  and  the 

gudle  nuY  be  witnessed  browsm^  in  the 

qaiet  toKtnaes  lar  away  frt>m  the  haunts  of 

1001'  The  hilly  regions  are  inhabited  by  a 

Tild  ais;  monkeys  are  plentiful  in  the  woods 

<tf  Aden  and  Yemen ;  and  the  Arabian  cows 

2&d  oien  hare  a  hnncli  over  their  shoulders. 

The  most  Talnable  animals  of  the  country, 

hii^Ter,  are  the  camel  and  the  horse.    The 

hones  hare  been  celebrated  in  all  ages,  and 

tbe  pirity  of  their  breed  is  preserved  with 

the  greatest  care.    The  chief  dependence  of 

the  iiabians,  however,  is  on  the  camel,  an 

iiumal  pecoliariy  adapted  for  the  inhabitants 

^  i  nady  oonntry,being  capable  of  undergoing 

^t  hugoe,  and  supporting  itself  without 

viter,  or  even  food,  for  severiu  days  together. 

Of  birds,  the  eagle,  tiie  vulture,  and  several 

f^'tt  of  hawk  are  common.    The  ostrich 

Qhabita  the  desert,  and  the  pelican  the  coast 

'if  the  Red  Sea.    Pheasanta  and  game,  fowls, 

^  wious  kinds  of  pigeons,  are  conunon  in 

^men.    Loeosts  abound  in  Arabia,  and  are 

•tten  hf  the  inhabitants.    Fish  is  plentiful 

■oar  the  »)a8ts«  especially  the  east,  where  not 

^T  is  the  soil  manured  by  them,  but  domestic 

^auls  are  fed  upon  them.     ClimaU.  The 

^'ot  in  the  world.      In  the  mountainous 

^B  it  is  temperate,  but  in  unsheltered 

^Qstions  intolerable  heat  prevails,  aggravated 

"7  ^  pesHferous  wind  c^ed  the  smioom  or 

**03d,  whieh  frequently  surprises  the  traveller 

^^  desert,  and  almost  suffocates  him,  while 

*^tt  cv«nrhehned  by  moving  clouds  of  sand. 

^>  Dates  and  dourra,  a  kind  of  millet, 

^^  bailey,  tobacco,  indigo,  the  finest  of 

^^  ngtr,  tanmrinds,  spices,  acacia,  balm, 

^^  .E^BBS  raisins,  dru^  and  fruits.    In 

y  yiqdtBral  arts  the  inhabitanta  areex- 

™ay  backward.    Minerals.    Silver,  iron, 

^yt.  ^  alabaster,  emerald,  and  the  onyx. 

The  eoBatry,  however,  has  not  been  suffi- 

cutttiv  (mnined  to  justify  a  decided  opinion 

^  to  ite  poverty  or  wealth  in  miaerol  re- 


sources.   Inhabitaiub. — MImnen  and  ChU" 
towii.  The  natives  are  a  Circassian  race,  of 
middle  stature,  thin,  with  slender  extremities, 
black  eyes,  hair,  and  beard,  and  of  swarUiy 
complexion.     The  women  are   fairer,  ana, 
when  young,  many  of  them  may  be  considered 
handsome ;  but  when  old,  their  features  assume 
quite  a  d^erent  character,  and  are  rather 
repulsive  than  otherwise.     They  all  lead  a 
frugal  and  abstemious  life:    many   d^end 
for  subsistence  entirely  on  their  flocks.    The 
flesh  of  the  camel  is  sometimes,  but  rarely, 
eaten,  except  as  a  delicacy  on  great  occasions. 
Porcupines,  weasels,  rats,  lizaras,  and  locusts 
form  a  portion  of  the  food  of  the  Arabians. 
Their  common  diet  is  not  bread  properly  so 
called,  but  soft  thin  cakea  half  baked,  and 
prepared  of  a  species  of  millet.    Wine  is 
probibited  by  the  law  of  Mahomet,  but  dif- 
ferent kinds  of  spirituous  liquors  are.  made 
from  honey,  sugar,  or  raisins,  and  other  fhuts. 
The  dress  of  the  Arabs  varies.    The  men  in 
general  wear  vnde  drawers  and  a  shirt ;  they 
have  a  cape  or  handkerchief  tied  round  their 
heads,  and  in  the  hottest  parts  go  almost 
naked.    The  dress  of  the  women  consists  of  a 
cloak,  a  very  wide  shift,  and  pantaloons  in 
proportion.    They  are  frequently  veiled.    The 
majority  of  the  people  dwell  in  tents  made  of 
camel's  hair,    wandering  about   with    their 
whole  property  from  place  to  place ;  and  many 
inhabit   villages,  tovms,  and  cities.      Oov» 
Patriarchal ;  the  chief  power  being  vested  in 
a  shaikh,  that  is,  an  old  man  or  elder,  whose 
authority  is  like  that  of  the  head  of  a  family, 
being,  in  general,  regulated  more  by  the  sen- 
timents and  habits  of  the  community  than 
by  an  organized  system  of  policy.     Toum^. 
Mecca,  Medina,  Aden,  Sana,  and  Daraieh. 
Mecca  is   celebrated    as   the  birthplace    of 
Mahomet,  and  Medina  for  his  tomb.    Aden 
belongs  to  the  British,  and  Sana  is  the  capital 
of  Yemen.    Daraieh  was  once  the  capital  of 
the  Wahabees,  but  in  1819  it  was  destroyed 
by  Ibrahim  Pacha.      Man/,    On  the  west 
coast,  coarse  woollens  and  linen  fabrics  are 
wove;    matchlocks,   lance-heads,  and   other 
arms,  with  tin  and  copper  vessels,  are  madr . 
Silk  and  cotton  turbans,  with  silks,  canvas, 
earthen  jars,  arms,  and  gunpowder,  are  made 
in  Oman;  but  most  of  the  better  kinds  of 
manufactured  goods  are  procured  from  other 
countries  in  exchange  for  Arabian  produce. 
'  CoHMEBCB.    Considerable — Arabia  being  well 
situated  for  carrying  on  a  general  intercourse 
with  nations.     The  communication  of  the 
interior  is  mostly  conducted  by  means  of  the 
camel,  which   transports  across  the  deserts 
immense  quantities  of  merchandise,  by  the 
robbery  of  which  many  of  the  Bedouins  sup-* 
port  themselves.    £xp.  Coffee,  gums,  drugs, 
and  pearls.    Mocha  and  Loheia  are  the  centres 
of  the  coffee  trade,  and  Muscat  has  recently 
become  the  entrep6t  for  the  trade  with  India 
and  the  Persian  Gulf.    J^l.  Mahometanism, 
which  originated  in  Arabia.    Fop.  variously 
estimated  from  8,000,000  to  12,000,000.  LaL 
between  12°  and  34**  N.    Lon.  between  32" 
30^  and  60**  £.— Until  the  time  of  Mahomet, 


t^ 


(240) 


Jt* 


our  knowledge  of  the  interior  of  ArabU  is 
Tery  imperfe^ ;  before  his  time,  however,  the 
Arabs,  like  those  of  the  present  day,  partly 
dwelt  in  cities,  and  partly  wandered  over  the 
desert,  pitching  their  tents  where  either  incli- 
nation induced,  or  neoessitT  compelled  them. 
In  the  begioning  of  the  7tn  oentory  Mahomet 
united  them,  and,  under  the  influence  of  the 
fidth  of  I^am,  inspired  them  with  such 
courage  and  fenrour,  that  within  a  century, 
their  dominion,  language,  and  faith  extended 
from  the  Indus  to  uie  Atlantic,  skirtinc^  the 
deserts  of  Africa,  penetrating  Spain  and  the 
south  of  France,  embracing  the  whole  of  Asia 
Hinor,  and  the  countries  surrounding  the 
Oaspian  Sea.  Mahomet  died  at  Medina,  in 
632,  in  the  63rd  year  of  his  age ;  and  for  a 
century  afterwards,  during  the  reign  of  his 
successors,  we  read  of  nothing  in  connexion 
with  the  Arabs  but  a  series  of  conquests.  In 
749  the  family  of  Abbas  ascended  the  throne 
of  the  caUphs,  and  held  it,  although  with 
gradually  aiminishing  influence,,  until  the 
taking  of  Bagdad  in  1268,  by  Hulaku,  when 
the  dominion  of  the  Abbassides  ended.  From 
that  time,  with  the  exception  of  the  wars  of 
petty  chiefs,  struggling  to  maintain  their 
authority,  or  to  deprive  others  of  thein,  and 
the  annual  pilgrimages  to  Mecca,  there  is 
nothing  of  general  interest  to.record.  In  891 
the  sect  of  Karmatians  arose,  and  obtained 
pocBession  of  Arabia;  but  about  990  their 
power  fell. 

^^l>-^  ^qfdn,  LamenesB. 

^^^  ^rs  or  ^uru9,  Matrimonyi  nuptials, 
a  marriage  feast 

L/t/^  ^ar<A,  A  thronoy  a  chair  of  state. 
The  ninth  or  empyrean  heaven,  as  being  sup- 
posed the  throne  of  God. 

iUfjC^  ^rasah,  A  conrt,  sqaare,  quad- 
rangle, area.    A  plain,  a  fleld  of  battle. 

^jo^  ^d,  An  exposition,  propositioD, 
explanation,  manifestation.  Breadth,  ampli- 
tude, width.      Jl>.   {j^j^  .(or  only 

ijOj£)f  An  explanation  of  the  state 
of  anything,    a   memotial,    petition, 
l^  ^dan,  In  breadth. 

^jC-  ^trd,  Eeputation,  honour,  fame, 
estimation. 

^jOj&  ^rd,  The  side  (of  anything). 

i^jC>  ^ardat  or  ^dah,  An  offering, 
exposition,  exhibition,  oblation. 

^^j^  ^adl^  Accidental. 

j\jjjc  ^ar^dr,  A  boy's  game,     ^^dr, 
The  jumper. 


^urf,  The  temporal  administratj 
of  the  affairs  of  a  nation  (in  oontradiBtinctioii 

c^  ghar^  The  ecclesiastical  or  csii(\ 

ical  administration);  equity  (as  opposed 
law) ;  yiolence,  injustice,  oppression  (bed 
of  the   abuses   suffered   under  the   nsq 

\i^  ^urfan,  ad.  By  the  temporal  h^ 
willofthesoYereign  or  Mb  delegates.  Yioleni 

unjustly,  oppressively.  <— ^  J 
ehli  fjarff  An  exerciser  of  temporal  law.   | 

unjast  oppressor.     ^Jj^  ^fi  (^*4 

AjJx    ^rfiyah),    Pertaining   to  \ 

temporal  mocte  of  admimstratioa.  Tiol^ 
oppressiTe,  unjust. 

C^U^  ^rafdt  (or  iij^),  A  moant^ 

near  Mecca,  from  which,  among  other  o^ 
monies,  the  pilgrims  make  a  procession  to  \ 
Holy  Monument  situated  on  another  momd 
at  a  littie  distance.  It  was  on  Mount  An 
where  the  Mahometans  imagine  Adam,  a 
ducted  by  the  angel  Gabriel  met  Ere  u 
a  separation  of  200  years,  in  conseqnej 
of  their  disobedience  and  banishment  ft 
Paradise,  whence  he  canied  her  afterwiids 
Ceylon. 

^li^  ^arfdn,  Knowing,  being,  inte^ 

gent,  discerning,  recollecting,  ^rfan^  ISM 
bdge,  learning,  science. 

yjj^   \urfii    Accumulated,    acoesso 

aggravated.  Notorious,  public.  i»iJ 

4<i^,  Public  burthens,  extraordim 
taxes  or  oppressions. 

Xj&   ^arak,   Sweat.     Juice,   spiritoc 

li<|uor.  fjrkf  A  Tdn,  an  artery.  The  n 
ongin,  stock,  a  kind,  species.  Why  one  swi 
more  at  Jaffa,  on  the  oorden  of  the  sea,  t: 
at  Bamla,  which  is  three  leagues  distant 
the  country,  is  because  the  air  of  Jaffii ' 
saturated  with  humid  particles,  excites 
ration  slowly ;  while  at  Ramla,  the  air 
more  dry,  causes  it  quicker.  For  this 
also,  the  breath  is  yisible  in  winter,  and  n 
summer. 

Xj^  ^kah,  Formerly  a  yery  oonsidj 

able  town  on  the  Mediterranean,  12  d 
from   Tripoli  of  Syria,  of  which    not^ 
remains  but  the  beautiM  ruins,  which  u 
its  ancient  splendour  and  importance, 
was  one  of  the  Phoenician  towna. 

Cfjy]^  ^knh,  A  narrow  pass  ove^ 
mountain. 

fij^j^  ^amaram,  A  numerous  army! 

i^jC-  ^urwat,  The  handle  of  a  jug 
flagoD.    A  loop  or  hole  for  a  baiton. 


d? 


(241) 


^^f  ^ir%',  An  aaoenty  to  ascend,  go 

^  (odIj  in  saend  stjle). 
jM^  ^trU,  A  faride.     ^j^9  NaptialB, 


ji%f  ^rUj   Poetry,     poesy,     Terse, 
iBeisDe,p«odj.    ^untd^  A  contiiigency,  an 


a 


Clf  iF^  Veins;    yessels.     Boots, 
oigiBi.  ^|j  Ji^,    The  poise, 

^/  ^«3r«^,  Nakedness.  ^^^>  Naked, 

itzippaL 
^^.f  ^«ri^  A  brid^;room,  a  sponse. 

u^/tflHi(fem.  l^jc)^  Broad,  large. 

Vsk,apaaded. 

^y  ^<rUa<y  Nature,  disposition. 

j=  ^01,  Being  rare,  excellent,  predons, 

^^'''Bipsnbk,  honomable,  glorious,  powerfdl, 
?nit  fid]i£  Tehementy  heaTj,  bard,  adrerse. 
A|RciBg  vi^  suiting.  Glorj,  dignity,  gran- 
isr*  D^mfieenee,  honour. 

j^rSs,Condolenoe,lanienting,monming. 

(^^t  I  jll^  _3 ,  Then  they  continued 

^Mraaonieg  of  momning  for  kim  a  whole 
E  j«tb ;  and  the  uncle  of  the  king,  with  his 
&otber,  sad  tiie  danghten  of  hia  uncle  came 
^  eoBfoiEd  them  for  the  loaa  of  the  king  hia 

'  '  r. 


V. 


>Ul>iJ1 


i'/'  UBdj/im,  Incantations. 

*r'f-  ^ase6,  A  bachelor.     A  distinct 
^  of  troopi  under  the  old  system. 
^j£  MoM,  An  nnmarried  life,  single 


)/  i^tuUy  Grandenr,  magnificence,  glory, 

^'^  bcBoor,  efteem,  respect,  rererence. 

*i  

^'fr  ^^-^f  The  angel  of  death. 

Jr  \al,  Bemoval  from  office.      To 

'^^  frna  office,  to  dispose,  to  resign,  to 
*^jLai^  to  dischaige,  to  displace,  to  dismiss ; 

totaraont    Jju  ^\li\  ^^  ILlJ 


JwjZUH  MJJb  iCj JlJ^  Jji\  4;;^^^ 


cr*  cKj  u^jr^^  (^^^  J^>=^^  ttT^ 


arlJ|£  JU^  lyL2i ,  One  night,  after  the 

adventure  abore  described,  the  Khaleefeh 
Horoon  Errasheed  said  to  Jaafiu,  his  weieer. 
We  will  go  down  to-night  into  the  city,  and 
inquire  respecting  the  afTairs  of  those  who 
are  at  present  in  authority,  and  him  against 
whom  any  one  shall  complain  we  will  displace. 

iljA  ^miat,  Betirement  from  office,  re- 
signing an  employment 

aJp  ^fom  (and  ^U^),  An  undertaking, 

anything  necessary  to  be  done,  a  design,  pur- 
pose, resolution.    To  undertake,  to  apply  to 


anything.  To  adjure.  _U(jUv«^Jj^ 

haye  resolved  to  take  jewels,  consisting  of 
jacinths  and  others,  and  convey  a  present  be- 
fitting him,  and  demand  of  him  in  marriage. 

at 

^jljc  ^Uhaif  A  single  life.  Sweetness. 

jjC  ^Buyr^  Esdras. 

JJJc  ^osfs.  Excellent,  precious,  magnifi- 
cent, incomparable,  glorious,  powerful,  pre- 
cious, rare.    Venerable,  pious,  holy.  Valuable, 


dear. 


The 


servant  of  the  Host  Glorious  (God).  Name 
of  the  present  Sultan.  Hay  His  Imperial 
Majesty  succeed  in  his  great  and  noble  project 
of  regenerating  the  Ottoman  Empire! 

<UJjfi  ^aximaiy  An  incantation,    spell, 

amulet  (against  iascination,  serpents,  disease, 
or  any  other  evil).    Invitation. 

J\tM£-  ^dkir,  Armies.     Soldiers.    Uii 

^\y^\j j^Jbi\j  j^^jllj.  And  when 

he  heard  that,  he  was  violently  agitated,  and 
his  resolution  was  roused;  and  he  prepared 
his  forces,  consisting  of  Jinn  and  men,  wild 
beasts,  birds,  and  reptiles. 


^'ad,  Gold  (not  used). 

^ar,  Being  difficult,  oppressive, 

severe,  heavy,    fjur,  Oppressing  a  debtor. 
^Msr,  Difficulty. 

^u$rat,  Difficulty,  being  difficult. 


^^^pammx  ^anu,  The  patrol,  the  nightly 
watch. 

^tu^r,  ^kaldn,  Ascalon  in  Palest?" 

16 


(243) 


\ 


14  miles  from  Gaza.  £at.  31°  35'  N.  Zon, 
34°  47'  E.  In  1099  a  great  Tictory  was  won 
here  by  the  CroBaders. 

jiLM£'  ^kar,  An  army.    _3  ^ 

c^^JlxJl  ^\^  cUI  Jj^i  And  while 

they  were  enffaapd  in  the  game,  she  oast  a 
glance,  and  beneld  among  the  soldiers  a  yonng 
man,  than  whom  there  was  none  more  handsome 
in  aspect,  or  more  beantifnl  in  appearance. 
He  was  bright  in  countenance,  with  laughing 
teeth,  tall,  and  wide-shouldered. 

J*ux:  ^al^  Honey.    Ajli  J-wJ31j  ^^^} 

♦  ij>AJ\  %fJi  ^  *  i:>'\J\  LtXj,  Be- 
ware of  indolence ;  for  it  is  the  key  of  indi- 
gence, the  origin  of  distress,  the  characteristic 
of  weakness  and  foUy,  and  the  habitual  temper 
of  the  servile  and  dependent ;  no  one  gathers 
honey  who  chooses  indolence,  nor  will  any  one 
fill  his  hand  who  luxuriates  in  repose. 


iUJ^  *  Ljc^\  ^LaJ^  *  ^.J^^ 


iZ  ^asUff  Violent,  cruel,  unjast.  A 
tyrant,  an  oppressor,  an  extortioner. 

-mmx  ^fr,  Difficult. 

(jmj:  ^h,  The  nest  of  a  bird  building 
on  trees  (those  who  nestle  on  rocks  or  in 

houses  being  called  i^). 
\jL&  ^hd,  A  supper.    ^J  \JLjt]\  i^j\j 

^^'  cr*  c>/i  ^^'  c^U  Supper 

produces  most  of  the  dimness  observable  in 
the  eye. 

^LLc  ^shihdr,  A  collector  of  tithes. 

^j\jM^  ^hdri,  The  riding  camel,  which 
can  perform  a  journey  of  ten  days  in  one. 

See^l^. 

jliuc  ^hhdk,  Lovers.   jlujJl  ^^'^»dr 

^^J\JiaA^,  The  anger  of  lovers  is 

like  a  spring  rain. 

yllf  ^hayer  (pL  of  SjJ^  ^hlrat)^ 
Tribes,  clans,  septs. 

^hh,  Green  grass  (when  dry  it 


).  *ltU\  j>  ^  Jji  ^ 

J>ii  (J  c;?^  t^  M*  i^y  V  ^ 


U  u-wJilj  'UJl  ..^  'U  U 


cr* 


31 


tl 


t^j*y  t^j  ,_s^>  ^<iB  ^  ^'^  until 

summoner  of  death  came  to  my  abode,  a| 
disasters  occurred  before  me.  The  case  iri 
this :  Seven  years  in  succession  came  upon  i\ 
during  which  no  water  descended  on  us  fro 
heaven,  nor  did  any  grass  grow  for  ns  on  tl 
fiaoe  of  the  earth. 

jJm£.  ^ashara  and  ijLr^y  Ten.  ^hr,  Beq 

mating,  receiving  (as  taxes  from  the  ^€opl< 
The  tenth  part.  [familiarit 

ijLs.    ^hrat,   Gonversation,    agreealx 

^j^^     ^hrHna     (oblique     [jij^\ 

Twenty,  the  twentieth,  irjj;^  \^jj  I 

Then  they  left  herVith  him  in  theinlace,  u 
mounted,  takin?  with  them  provisions  i 
twenty  diays,  and  went  to  hunt  and  chase. 

JmwLc  ^hkf  Love.     _^1  fj^!^i  Di^ 

love.  ^^  Ifjl  ^  \i^  J^^}  Jl 

^  ^1  ^1  ^j^  ^  5^H^  Jj 

he  said,  We  must  demand  her  in  marria^ 
her  father,  thou£:h  I  should  give  away  all  i 
kingdom.  He  has  asserted,  that  if  he  mai 
her  not  he  will  die  of  love  and  paasion  for  h 

uu.}\^  \jO^,j\^,  Love,  at  its  commenc 

ment,  is  like  running  saliva ;  bat  when  it  1 
gained  ascendancy,  it  is  like  a  wide  sea. 

jA^  ^ham,  Concupisoence,BtrongdesiJ 

j^Luc  cushur,  Decimation.     The  till 
or  legal  tenths. 

^ashlyat,  The  evening.    \j\  U:j 

I 

Jlc  A^  tl^li  JuJl  JU  juz:^\  J 

L-^^a^  i\j^\  iSsju,  While  I  was  <| 
night  during  the  winter  paying  my  resp^ 


IL: 


(243) 


J^ 


to  &e  Gorenior  «f  Aleiandria,  when  b«  had 
broo^t  die  alms-moiiey  to  be  distributed  to 
the  Qidffieot,  ]o!  there  entered  an  ill-oondi- 
tkoed  oU  nan,  whDin  a  woman,  who  had  a 
maacoliiie  appeannce,  was  hanling  along. 

y^  ^fikir,  A  friend,  a  companioiL 


ijJLs,  ^adSrai,  A  famOy,  tribe,  bouse. 

J«l£  Miiky  Desperately  in  love. 
v^  (Mi,  A  stick,  staff,  baton. 

^  nc;  jiaaki^  A  bandage  (for  a  wotmd). 

A  SlrU  wrath,  a  tiaia,  a  turban,  or  anything 
viidi  Aef  bmd  nnnd  or  wear  npon  the  head. 

iU  ,$m  (pL    of    ^^U),    Bebels, 

uis&Bite  daaoi. 

^^^  ^mnd,  Pressed  jaioe;  also  tbe 

<^  1^  Utf  jnioe  is  ezpreswd. 
jj.^  ^fir  (pL  cffj^Lae.),  Sparrows. 

^r*^  ^;0M&,  A  tendoSf  a  nerve. 

V^  iftaitt  (ff  rf.„d^.  Nerves,  tendons, 
Hgaaeatief  tbe  joints. 

y*^  ^^  I^me,  an  age.  ^mt.  Afternoon. 
/-s£ ;«!/«-,  Saffron  in  the  flower. 
^-jic;  '^uftur  (fern,  gjyua^),  A  sparrow. 

* 

^A^  &M]M^,  Defence,  protection.   Ck>n- 

tiaatt,  cfaaititj. 

(;;r^  ^unjfSH,  Bebellion,  revolt. 

i.^^  csiidM  (pi.  JuUf ),  Brotb,  so 
^k  thai  it  cannot  be  stirred  with  a  ladle. 
e^  uuar,  /nice  pressed  from  grapes. 

^^  ^iiada^  The  alhidade  or  movable 
pc.  of  a  ({iisdrant,  a  sextant. 

*^  l^iind.  The  upper  arm  from  the 

fi«Wff  to  Ae  elbow. 
j^  iM{feaL  <f\.gir),  Mn8calar(antt). 

^"^fi^  ^sdUls^y  A  leg.  A  muscle,  ^adlat, 

^*^  -iAr,  A  member,  a  joint. 

>^^  ^iNffiil  (see  ^\^)f  A  biting 


',  Biting. 

^  c^f  A  present,  a  g^  a  donation, 
*  ^^«.     ^«tta,  OtTiDg  presents,  liberal, 


42  ^4^^,  A.  dealer  in  perfiimes  or 

^^7  t  pofiiBer,  a  eombination  in  a  small 
v«T  uf  dzqg^ak,  gioeer,  stationer,  and  toyman. 


if^lkc.  The  profession  of  a  perfumer  or 
drog^t.  [Spices. 

Cjt^lk^  ^ULrdt  (pi.  of  Jr^lke  ^t^draA), 

JjVbiC    ^utdrid.    The    planet  Mercury. 

QaicksilTer,  mercury.  [Thirsty. 

^ILa  ^t^Aand^^lks  (pl.of  ^Uiaf), 

^Ikfi  ^tdlai,  Inertia,  idleness,  supine- 
nesB.  [presents. 

bike     ^tdyd,    (pi.    of    ^Jaf),    Gifts, 

V— Jir.  ^atahf  Destruction,     i^^nr.  i^j 

t^^Jit  tj:^'v^,  There  is  sometimes  ruin 
nnder  what  we  seek. 

ixe  ^tf^  (fem.  ij^,  Odour,  perfume, 
fragranoe.    Otto  (of  roses),  essence. 

^jt^as.  ^aU,  Sneezing. 

^^i^iaf  ^atath,  Thirst.  \*iVir  ^atathan,  By 

thirst,  ^f  aJJtj  L|Mig}  ^  csJli  J 
fj^i*iJi  Jtusrlj  i:;'*^^  ^*^  t^^^'^Ug 

Ibukc  ^^y4J  ^^\ ,  Then  she  said  within 

herself,  By  Allah,  the  person  endowed  with 
this  beauty  and  loreUness,  deserreth  not  to 
die  of  thirst. 

^tttJaf  ^Uhdn,  Thirsty. 

k^Jiac  ^aif.  Favour,  affection,  inclina- 
tion.   A  oopnlative  conjunction.     Turning, 

conversion.  A  present,  bounty,  t— gVi& 
i^j^M*»j  or  ^jM^irJ^  ^flVir,  An  ezplica- 


tive  conjunction  (connecting  seTeral  synony- 
mous or  explanatory  words,     ujsk^ 

^LJI,  A  copulative  conjunction. 

<— .t^Vif.  ^taff  Favourable,  well  affected. 

^jke    ^tafat,    Affection,    inclination, 
&Tour. 

iukfi  ^tjfot,  A  present,  a  gift. 
I^Uac  ^M0i»  (pi.  of  Jaf  ^aem),  Bones. 
<U:^  /♦liaiJ,  Dry,  carious  bones.    (PI. 

of  j^),  Great. 

il^  cfsff^.  Admonition,  exhortation, 
preaching. 

Jaz  ^mm,  A  bone,  ^xm,  Magnitude, 
magnificence.  The  principal  part  of 
anything.  XaVit  ^tautmdf  The  grandees. 

^ulafi   ^%amat,   Magnitude.      Magni^- 


(S44) 


cence,  pride,  pomp.    Grandeur.    The  largest 
elbow  bone. 

The 


(i^\l 


LZJJJ^ 


_.«iftc    ^tisma'    (fern,   of 
"greatest,  the  most  supreme. 
A«i^  ^osfm,  Great,  large.    Grand,  mag- 
nificent.   High  in  qnalitj  or  dignity,  much 

esteemed.    /^  TJ'^  ^"^^  cz-^yji 

^jl^y  I   approached  her;   but    he 

cried  out  against  me  with  a  great  cry,  and  I 
was  frightened  of  him,  and  was  about  to  return, 
when  behold,  a  man  came  fortii  from  beneath 
the  eartii. 

ijUf  ^fdyfy  Chaste  matrons. 

^  l^Jf^^t  Chastity,  continence,  absti- 
nence, modesty. 

u>>£^^  ^frlt,  A  giant,  a  demon,  any 
fancied  spectre  of  a  horrible  appearance. 

^jcks.  ^afs,  Galls,     ^jciic.  lJL»^  c:>^Lj;1 

J^^^  ^J\  anaU  waslcat^afsila'  Lwer- 
poolf  1  have  sent  a  cargo  of  galls  to  Liverpool. 

^j^if  ^fik,  Going  at  discretion,  at  full 

liberty.  Coming,  going,  or  repeating  any- 
thing often.  Visiting  frequently.  Whipping 
severely. 

^^^  ^qfin,  Cormpting,  rotting. 

^&c  ^afa,  Pardon,  absolution.  ^^^^ 
v^Ju^  dl^fu  yd  tayyadi,  I  beg  your 
pardon,  sir.  *(--jy  jJ  \  ^  Luj  4J  j^ly i 


I^JoiU  (j:^t 


c::  ^-;-^U 


J^,  Be  not  angry 


with  me  for  my  former  offences,  for  forgive- 
ness is  required  of  the  generous,  and  Kind 
actions  are  amon^  the  best  treasures  with 
which  one  can  ennch  oneself;  and  how  beau- 
tiful is  tbe  saying  of  the  poet :  Haste  to  do 
good  when  thou  art  able,  for  at  every  time  and 
occasion  thou  hast  not  the  power  to  do  so. 

i'tJis,  ^fanatf  Corruption,  infection. 

^M  laftf,  Abstaining  (from  anything 

forbidden),  isuic  A  chaste,  modest 
woman. 


l&c  ^kdhf  Punishment,  chastisemen 

torment,    ^ukab,  An  eagle  (espedaUy  blad 

j\ac  ^ahdr  (pL  iJL)\j\a£),  An  immovai 

estate  in  land,  houses,  palm-trees,  househ^ 

furniture.  ^j^Ul^l^j^v^^^:-^^^'* 

Jyi\  ^J^J^\  l;^j,  And  I  purchas 
houses  and  other  immovable  possessioDS,  m< 
than  I  had  at  first. 

I 

ij\A£  ^atdrtU,  Any  single  piece  of  n 

property.    Sterility,  barrenness  (of  a&inud&l 
c-^^Uc  ^akdrib  (pi.  of  c-^^^Ac),  Scorpio! 

Jlic  ^akdl,  A  rope  of  camel's  hair  wi 
which  the  Bedouins  fasten  the  kafyyek 

their  head.     See  CjS. 

jjliLc  ^kayid  (pi.  of  IsJls.),  Confc 

tions  of  sugar.    Fundamental  articles  of  m 

u^  ^hh  The  heel,     ^ikb,  Oflfepril 

children,  grandchildren,  successors,  posH 
The  end  of  a  month.  ^«*4,  The  end  or  i 
cess  of  anything. 

^Uc  ^dn  (pi.  of  lJ^  ^ukdh),  Eagl 

i^c  c^akabat,  A  nenre,  a  tendon  (pJ 

ticularly  the  nerve  of  a  camel's  neck  q 
when  macerated  to  bind  the  heads  of  arml 
etc.).  The  summit  of  a  mountain,  a  si\ 
declirity.  Successors,  posterity.  The  fj 
or  veetige  (of  anything),  fjtkbai,  Poster 
A  time,  a  turn,  a  penod.  The  tumio? 
sweep  of  a  bird  from  the  beginning  to  the  < 
of  his  flight.  Any  duty,  etc.,  done  alternaU 
Day  and  Light.  Anythine  received  for  sDOt] 
commodity,  hire  (especially  part  of  th*  bij 
made  in  a  pot  given  to  the  owner  for  tbe  l\ 

of  it).  *  iJ^  SjO  ^  iZ^jiP^  'J 

♦  CLjUj:  J£siJ\  ^j  If^j,  And 

thou  have  to  choose  between  a  mite  re^d^^ 
hand  and  the  finest  pearl  that  is  only  promj 
to  thee,  choose  that  which  is  ready  to  U 
and  prefer  the  present  to  the  future ;  for  dtj 
often  occasion  disappointments,  and  detd 
nations  are  always  uable  to  vacillatioot,  I 
too  oflen  promises  are  followed  by  pnx'rt 
nations,  and  obstacles  intervene  between  xl 
and  their  fulfilment. 

<UAf  ^akahah  (Gulf  and  Castle  of),  1 

Gulf  of  Akabah  is  a   deep   narrow  ii 
uniting  with  the  N.E.  extremity  of  the 
Sea.    The  Castle  of  Akaba,  from  which 


Jac 


(245) 


y»Sx> 


Golf  takei  iti  modem  name,  is  not  a  place  of 
uy  strengtL  Akaboh  baa  been  aiipposed  to 
ooeopy  the  dte  of  Elan  or  Elatb,  from  wbicb 
an  exteDUTe  intereonzBe  was  carried  on  in  tbe 
^riiett  sges  with  Bhinocolura,  now  El-Arisb, 
oa  the  Meditenanean,  only  116  miles  distant. 
There  are,  howe?er,  no  rains  of  any  kind  at 
Akibah,  and  no  port.  It  WQuld,  therefore, 
Kun  more  probaUe  that  the  situation  of 
EUth  is  identical  with  that  of  Jezirat  Faroun, 
on  the  ^.  Bide  of  the  Galf,  and  about  6 
mila  from  its  extremity,  where  there  are 
Tezy  extCDsiTe  ruins,  and  a  natural  harbour. 
B.  Sfaiv  sapposea  that  Minat-al-dahabiTah, 
u.  the  Golden  Port,  on  the  W.  coast  of  the 
Gnli)  isd  nearly  opposite  to  Mount  Sinai, 
wxB^  the  ate  of  £zion-jeber,  whence  the 
^P>  of  Solomon  sailed  to  fetch  gold  from 
Opiur.  It  is  Bud  bj  lientenant  Wellsted  to 
fcetheoolj  "well-sheltered"  harbour  in  the 
GtilL  Eson-jeber  is  on  the  Euphrates,  called 
ia  Aiihic  Hisn-jaber  *•  the  Castle  of  Jaber." 

See  jI>  ZkU  or  -*«>-  iJi. 
^rM  ^Ma\  The  end,  aocomplisbment, 


secern.   A  return,  rewazd,  or  punishment; 
h«oce,  the  life  to  come. 

•^  ^aUd,  Pearls  strung  together.     A 

^ot,  compact,  league,  confederacy,  alliance ; 
1  chain,  connexion.  To  bind,  fasten,  to  con- 
^  an  agreement,  to  marry,  to  enter  into 
partBershipy  or  form  any  commercial  contract, 
fo  estabhtti  a  confederacy,  to  conclude  an 
aliiaace,  to  tie  a  knot,  to  betroth,  to  engage 
%  many.  ^Uai^  A  ooUar,  a  necklace,  also  the 
i&relg  or  heads  of  which  it  is  composed. 

'<^  ^uidatf  An  excrescence  (especially 

^t  the  joint,  or  where  bones  have  been  broken). 

An  impediment  in  speech.  An  estate,  a  manor, 

I  nlia.  A  prefecture,  ^vemment,  presidency, 

enomattL  A  nlaoe  thickly  planted  with  trees ; 

tSonadine  witn  pasture  or  provision  for  men. 

Perpleied  affairs,  entangled  things,  confused 
worai. 

/^  ^akr,  Wounding,  hurting,  cutting, 

i'^l'WSt  destroying.    Detaining  long,  keeping 
^^^    («Ar,  Barrenness.    A  woman's  mar- 

nag«poitiott. 

w^  ffbrah^  A  scorpion.   The  celestial 
sen  SoQipio.    The  pin  of  a  dial,  the  hand  of 

^^  ^,  Intelleet,  knowledge,  reason, 
jv-^gBent,  sense,    mind,   memory,  prudence, 

viidom,  understanding,  genius.    L^J 

^^  ^\  CAcj,  Cilib  c^U\  ^i^\ 
^W;Ue  ji^  ♦  UJi^\j\^i\  What 


then  has  happened  to  thy  reason  (and  what 
has  afflicted  it),  and  urged  thee  to  this  mon- 
strous project  and  great  peril,  that  thou  de- 
mandest  in  marriage  the  daughters  of  kings, 
(and  those  kings)  who  possess  extensiye  pro- 
vinces and  immense  countries  ? 

lUc  ^ukald  (pi.  of  Jilc),  Prudent,  wise. 

^Jlac  ^kh  (fern.  <ul.Af),   Intellectual, 
**  belonging  to  the  intellect,  to  the  understanding. 

<U^Ac    ^ti^ti^a^,    Punishment,    chastise- 
ment, torment,  torture.  [Agreements. 

J^Ac  ^ukud  (pi.  of  tXic  ^kd),  Necklaces. 

JyLc  ^akul,  Wise,  sagacious.     An  as- 
tringent medicine. 

J^Ac  ^kal  (pi.  of  Jif  ^kl),  Judgments, 

intellects,  intelligences,  reasons.   i^jJ 

J^Affll,  fMwi'l'^kul,  Being  endowed 
with  reason. 

c,>*j;5r  ^lah,  A  follower.    The  posterior 

or  after  part.  The  time  or  space  immediately 
following  anytlung.  [Confederated. 

OuAc  ^akld.  Thick,  concreted,  coagulated. 

jjuAc  ^kldat  or  ^kldah,  Faith,  helief, 

a  fundamental  article  of  religion.  Confec- 
tions, conserve  of  roses,  dry  sweetmeats. 

jJls.  ^klr,  Cut,  wounded.     Barren. 
j;Jl£  ^aklkf  A  camelian;   a  red  gem 
(sometimes  a  ruhy).    '1^"  •- ;  v<^^j 

LfLU  <lO*j  lilU  ilJ3  Ji,  Marry 

to  me  thy  dausfhter,  and  break  the  camelian 
idol.  If  thou  do  so,  thy  due  shall  be  the  same 
as  our  due,  and  thy  debt  as  our  debt. 

A*A£  ^ukim^  Barren,  past  child-bearing 
(a  woman). 

jlUx  ^kfi%,  A  staff  with  an  iron  fer- 
rule. Sjl^  A  walking  staff,  a  shep- 
herd's crook,  a  bishop's  crosier. 

I^llc  ^kkdm,  A  tent  pitcher  and  palan- 
quin attendant. 

S^^kar,  Being  turbid,  muddy,  feculent. 

The  dre^  or  sediment,  the  mother  of  oil,  the 
leeaof  wine. 

^^JL&  ^ka,  Beflexion,  inversion,  rever- 
beration, recoiling,  repercussion,   refraction. 

The  contrary,  oppodte.    jj^\^jtSs., 

The  reflexion  of  light.  To  represent  by 
reflexioo. 


ie 


(S46) 


r^ 


iS^,  or  \i^,  Acca,  Ptolemaifi,  or  St.  Jean 
d'Acre.    A  town  of  Syria  and  capital  of  the 
Pashalic  of  the  same  name,  on  tne  ooast  of 
the  Mediterranean.    It  is  situated  on  a  pro- 
montory, fonninff  the  N£.  limit  of  a  fine 
semicircular  bay  (the  Bay  of  Acre)  opening  to 
the  N.,  bounded  NW.  by  Cape  Carmel,  at  the 
extremity  of  the  mountain  of  that   name. 
The  harbour  of  Acre,  on  the  S.  side  of  the 
town,  within  the  bay,  is  shallow,  and  acces- 
sible only  to  Tessels  drawing  little  water ;  but 
oppodte  to  Caiphs,  a  small  town  at  the  foot 
of  Mount  Carmel,  on  the  W.  side  of  the  bay, 
there  is  good  anchorage  ground  in  deep  water. 
Few  towns  are  more  adyantageously  situated 
as  a  centre  of  commerce  or  seat  of  politiad 
power ;  but  these  advantages,  by  making  its 
possession  of  importance,  have  served  to  expose 
it  oTer  and  over  again  to  hostile  attatcks. 
Previously' to  1832,  the  population  of  Acre 
was   loosely   estimated  at  from  15,000   to 
20,000 ;    but  the  siege  of  that  year  having  ' 
ended  in  its  almost  total  destruction,  it  is 
impossible  to  state  exactly  the  number  of  its 
present  inhabitants,  though  9,000  is  probably 
about  the  mark.    The  same  cause  operates  to 
make  an  account  of  the  place  historiMl,  rather 
than  descriptive  of  its  existing  state.    Here 
stood  a  Hebrew,  or  perhaps  a  Phoenician  city, 
called  Accho.    Beinj^  improved  and  enlarged 
by  the  Greek  sovereigns  of  Ilgypt,  they  gave 
it  the  name  of  Ptolemais,  and  it  was  justly 
regarded  by  them  and  their  Roman  successors 
as  a  port  of  great  importance.    Syria  was  one 
of  the  first  conouestB  of  the  Mahommedans 
into  whose  hanas  Ptolemais  fell  (636).    In 
1 104  it  was  captured  by  the  first  Cnuaders,  and 
formed  for  eighty  years  part  of  the  kingdom 
of  Jerusalem,  when  it  was  taken  by  Saladin. 
About  four  years  afterwards,  Bichard  Cceur  de 
Lion,  after  a  siege  of  22  months,  took  it  in 
1191.    In  1291  the  Christians  lost  it    From 
1291  till  1616,  it  formed  part  of  the  Caliphate, 
when  it  passed  to  the  Ottoman  Empire.     In 
1749  Daher  expelled  the  Turkish  Aga  and 
made  Acre  his  capital.    The  Turks  recovered 
it  in  1776.    In  1882  Ibrahim  Pasha  took  it 
after  a  siege  of  6  months  and  21  days.    Its 

Srivate  and  public  buildings'  were  mostly 
estroved.  In  1840  Great  Britain  restored 
it  to  tne  Ottoman  Empire,  but  up  to  the  pre- 
sent it  has  not  recovered  its  former  prosperity. 

Jx  ^Ua,  Pwhaps.  ^jle.  ^allanl,  Per- 
haps I  (may  come),  vjilc  ^aHaka, 
Peradventure  you  (may  see  him). 

]Lc  ^Id,  Glory,  sablimity,  exaltation, 
eminence,  dignity.  Being  superior,  aboye,  on 
the  upper  part.    Ic  ^,  From  above. 

5Lc^  J^  C?^»   ^^'  ^®  glorious  and 

most  high.  ^jfji\*l&,^ald''ud'dln,  (The 
glory  of  religion  (a  proper  name). 

^)Le  ^dj,  A  medicinei  a  remedy. 


uJle  ^aUdff  A  vcDdor  of  forage  or  fodde 

dJts.  ^dkat  or  ^Ic,  Eelation,  parea 

age,  connexion,  attachment,  interest  h 
tension,  right,  justice,  necessity.  Commen 
oommuoication,  correspondence. 

iiix.  ^iddlat,  Whatever  diverts  one  frol 
any  pursuit 

jjia   ^aUdm,    Omniscienoe.      God  (j 

knowingeverything).  CC^l  aUI  ,ua 

«■ 

^lji\,  With  pndae  to  God,  the  Six 
of  Elnowledge,  or  the  Ommadent. 

^)U  ^akLmat,  A  sign,  signal,  marie;  u 

distinguishing  characteristic  or  impre«ioD. 
Btandiurd,  bamier,  ensign. 

LjIc,  ^aidntyiUf  Publication,  divulgatioi 
notoriety.  £jlc^atenfyatoM,Publicli 
^le^  L«a ,  Publicly  and  privately. 

ijie.  ^ildwat  (pi.  v/^)»  The  upper  par 

anything  placed  above  another ;  the  bead  ( 
above  the  neck),  a  small  package  laid  od  tl 
top  of  a  horse  or  camel  load. 

fJSLc  ^aldifek  (pL  of  ^le  ^aldka)^  Goi 
nexions,  things  connected,  business  relation& 

jtiix.  ^aldymn  (pi.  of  X^lc  ^alamt 
Signs,  signals,  symptoms,  wonders,  phenomeQ 

^lLc  ^ulbat,  A  case,  a  coffer,  a  box. 

^Ulc  ^tUat,  An  accident,  misfortune,  casi 
alty,  calamity,  disease,  suffering.    A  pretenc 

cause.     ,<f<^^  JfA£  ^j^^  ^^.  ^' 

laiui  murabiyah  yukaSalu  assaiJ,  The  cbi 
is  kissed  for  the  sake  (on  account)  of  its  nan 

t— flLr  ^laf,  Grass,  forage,  hay,  stm 

lal/y  Feeding  cattle. 
j;lc  ^aMf  Love,  affection,  attachmeo 

(PI.  of  iUix),  Leeches,  blood-sucken 

ilftle  ^alakatf  A  horse-leech. 

A^Lc  ^alkamf  The  coloquintida,  or  wi 
gourd.    Anything  bitter,  most  bitter  waUt. 

Ll}lc  loii,  Chewing.  ^Ok,  The  gu 
of  pine  or  juniper,  which  may  be  chewed. 

Jlc  ^ilal  (pi.  of  ^Dx),  Infirmities,  pr 
tences. 

Ac  ^alam,  A  standard,  ensign,  coloui 
^  flag,  banner,  comet,  guidon. 

Ac  ^Im,  Knowledge,  science,  doctrio 


> 


(247) 


^ 


art,  profession.  Jlc  c^lL,  Stadioas, 
seaicbiogforkiiowledge.  A  student.  J^ 
l,\»l^  The  knowledge  of  the  names,  i.e, 
of  the  attribntes  of  God.  ^^jJi2\Se^, 
Certain  knowledge,  demonstration.  Jlc 
^U\  or  AQ\  Jx,  or  iili^  Jlc,  or 
JWIJie,  The  explanatory  science, 
i'#.  rhetoric,  oratory,  eloqaence.     Jx 

uJ*.^!^,  The  mystic  or  contemplatiTC 
<   >L..^\  Jlc,   Arithmetic. 


l!l  JL:,  Poetry.  aBI  Joc  JuJl,  The 
bunrledge  is  with  God,  God  knows. 
cJUyidiJI  Jlc  or  uJ^\  Jx,  Grammar. 

^.«iJ1  JLc,  Tme  knowledge,  a  religious 

life,  ^.tyjt  Jlc,  Chronology,  history. 

C^ljLJf  Jlc  , 'Botany.      j^ys{]\  A^^ 

Astrooomy.     jj)I^  ^Jx     ^iTmfJ    a^Ar, 

Tb«  knowledge  of  traciiig  footsteps  in  the 
doert^  The  ngscity  of  ihe  Bedouins  in  this 
reelect  is  qiiite  wonderfbl,  and  is  particularly 
o^ol  in  the  ponait  of  lugitiTes,  or  in  search- 
iag  after  eatt^  M»Jkj  secret  transactions  are 
bran^  to  tight  hr  this  knowledge,  and  the 
''deader  can  seazeeiy  hope  to  escape  detection 
ia  any  clandestine  proceeding,  as  his  passage 
is  recorded  vnon  the  road  in  characters  that 
erery  one  of  nia  Anbian  neighbours  can  read. 

Seey\  Athr. 

»Lc  ^tilamd  (pi.  of  Jlc),  Doctors,  theo- 
hpsau,  codesiaatics.    The  learned. 

^Jlc  ^sbtS,  Scientific,  theoretic. 


^^'Many  Becomingpublished,  divnlged. 

— i  ui&uBt,  Pablicly,  openly,  avowedly. 

ZjIc  ^aldniyat^  The  quality  of  being 
dja«  in  pohlie ;  openly  and  avowedly. 

y^  iyiUo,  An  eminence,  height.     Snb- 
ba^.    The  upper  part.    Altitude. 

^t^ic  '^ylvSn^  The  title  or  preface  of  a 
book.  [soldier's  pay  or  subsistence. 

^i^  ^^fai,  A  stipend,  salary,  pension, 
j»Lc  ^Mk^  An  embryo,  a  conception. 
« J^  ^nZftMy  Knowledge^  science. 


^cJlc  c%ltoa\   An  enemy.      Excessive. 
^wlf  AboTe,  high,  sublime. 

^L  ^ala\  Above,  upon.    According  to. 
^Against,  opposite.    In,  from  (as  will  appear 

from  the  following  combinations):  ^ix 
^J^,  (It  happened)  in  his  time.    ,<Lc 
J\  Instantly.    JLaJJl  ^,  Continu- 
ally,    without     interruption.       ,J-c 
j\^^\,  GontinuaUy.      jSiSl  Jx, 
Absolutely.     j\jiu'i\^,  Separately. 
JUS^I^,   Certainly,    surely,   in 
truth.  jJs*^!  ^,  Hastily.  ^)^ 
Jy^3\,  Prolixly,  diffusedly.     ^<lc 
Jl^\,  Successively,     ^joyos^^  ^Jx,, 
Especially, particularly, precisely,  ^ix 
/^^J\\,  Continually,  perpetually,  al- 
ways-   cr^*^!^  t/"!?'  vJ^'  ^^^^  ^®**^ 
and  eyes,  i.e.  willingly,  cheerfully.  ^^Jx 

ilyJ\,  Equally,  in  a  parallel  or  similar 
manner.  L^jJ^  ,^^,  Blindly,  like  a 
blind  man.  dAiJl  ^,  Kashly,  im- 
prudently, inconsiderately.  ,^\  ^Jx 
JU- ,  In  every  manner,  however  it 
may  be.     <dl\^->b^^,  Carelessly, 

slightiy.  L^J^  j^!/i  i-..«*r^  ^ 
^^rfl--f.  According  to  their  rank  and 
dignity.  L^\  j^-Xc  j;j^  ^,  On  ' 
the  contrary.  iSUal^jJJ  ^Jx,  Accord- 
ing to  his  strength  or  powers.  ^^^ 
J  jj  ^-^  J^,  Omnipotent.  ^jkiU,^^ 
4-jllaL**Jl  <— ^liJlll  lO,  As  the  sacred 
book  taught  him.  j^i^^J^j^  ^J^ 
aIacJU,  In  the  course  of  months  and 
years.  ^^Qll*  ,^,  Before  the  world, 
publicly.     f^y^\  ^j  ^J^i  All,  uni- 


J- 


(S48) 


J- 


versally.  j|^t^j\le,  At  pleasure, 

ad  libitum,  ji*^^  ^  AA  ^J^i  In  this 
case. 

_L:  ^li,  The  proper  name  of  a  man. 

c-Jlt  ^\  ^  jJLc,  The  son-in-law  and 

fourth  Khalif  or  suoceflsor  to  Mahomet,  whom 
he  was  to  have  succeeded ;  but  heing  success- 
fully opposed  hj  Omar  and  Othman,  he  raised 
a  sect  01  his  own,  and  gained  many  followers. 
On  the  death  of  Othman  he  was  declared 
Khalif  in  665,  hut  was  assassinated  in  a 
mosque,  a.d.  669. — He  had  nine  wires,  by 
whom  he  had  fourteen  sons  and  eighteen 
daughters. 

j\i\^^J^,  Ali-Abad,  a  town  of  Persia, 

85  miles  from  Kushan.  It  contains  500  houses. 
There  is  a  residence  huilt  by  Shah-Abbas  in 
the  neighbourhood. — There  are  several  other 
towns  and  Tillages  in  Asia  of  this  name. 

^^U>3^1  ^  ^J)^ ,  Ali  Beg,  a  Pole, 

who  became  first  dragoman  or  interpreter  to 
the  grand  seisTiior  of  Turkey.  He  was  taken 
prisoner  by  the  Tartars  when  a  child,  and  sold 
to  the  Turks,  and  was  brought  up  in  the 
Mahometan  faith,  d.  1675. — He  understood 
English,  and  translated  the  catechism  of  the 
Ghureh  of  England,  and  all  the  Bible,  into  the 
Turkish  language.  His  greatest  work  is  a 
book  on  the  liturgy  of  the  Turks,  their  pil- 
grimages to  Mecca,  etc.,  translated  into  Latin 
by  Dr.  Smith. 

lI^^U^I  CX;  ^^ ,  Ali  Bey,  a  Greek  ad- 

venturer,  who  when  young  was  taken  by 
robbers  and  conveyed  to  Cairo,  where  he  was 
bought  by  Ibrahim,  a  lieutenant  of  the  jani- 
saries,  who  entered  him  among  the  Mamelukes. 
For  his  gallanfry  against  the  Arabs  he  was 
created  a  bey.  In  1758  his  patron  was  mur- 
dered by  a  party  headed  by  a  person  also  called 
Ibrahim,  a  Circassian.  In  1763  he  attained 
the  dignity  of  sheikeobalad,  which  was  the 
first  in  the  republic,  and  soon  after  slew  Ibra- 
him, to  revenge  the  murder  of  his  patron. 
This  raised  against  him  numerous  enemies, 
who  obliged  him  to  fiy  to  Acre,  where  he  was 
protected  by  the  sheik  Daher.  In  1766  he 
was  recalled  by  the  people,  and,  after  revenging 
himself  upon  his  enemies,  he  declared  war 
against  the  Arabs,  and  by  the  success  of  his 
achievements  encircled  his  name  with  renown. 
Having  now  risen  to  be  the  head  of  the 
government  Egypt  under  his  rule  began  to 
revive ;  agriculture  flourished,  and  the  country 
seemed  to  bid  fair  to  recover  its  former  splen- 
dour. In  1 768  war  broke  out  between  Russia  and 
Turkey,  and  Ali  sent  12,000  men  to  serve  in 
the  Ottoman  army.  His  enemies  reported  at 
Constantinople  that  these  troops  were  designed 
to  assist  the  Russians ;  in  consequence  of  which 
a  capigi,  and  four  attendants,  were  sent  to  take 
off  bis  head.     AU  being  mformed  of  this, 


seised  these  measengen  of  death  and  hind 
them  over  to  the  fate  they  desired  for  fail 
self.  He  then  declared  war  n^ainst  tiie  Pd 
and  for  a  time  preserved  his  independeu 
and  obtained  several  advantages.  At  Uft  i 
principal  commanders  revotted  with  th( 
troops,  and  in  a  battle  which  took  plie«  U 
tween  Ali  and  the  forces  of  one  of  nis  ehi 
Mamelukes,  he  was  taken  prisoner,  and  di 
of  his  wounds  in  1773.  b.  in  Anatolia,  17S 
— The  object  of  Ali  was  to  endeavour  to  i 
establish  the  independence  of  £^t ;  to  r 
suscitate  some  of  the  ereatness  of  iti  lonf-eot 
grandeur;  and  had  ne  been  suppoited  by 
similar  q>irit  of  energy  in  his  people,  £gt 
might  once  again  have  taken  a  promise 
place  amongst  the  nations  of  the  modti 
world. 


^le. ,  Ali  Kasjid,  a  fort  two  mill 

from  the  eastern  entrance  of  the  oelebrat 
Khyber  pass,  which  during  the  Afghan  i1 
frequently  changed  hands. 

J^Jtl  LlU  ^,  Ali  Pacha,  an  Albania 

chief,  who  in  his  fourteenth  year  was  secoi^ 
in  the  inheritance  of  his  father's  estates  by  tl 
cruelty  of  his  mother,  from  whom  he  aeems  i 
have  mherited  the  ferocity  by  which  he  ^ 
actuated  in  many  of  his  deeds  in  winning  Ij 
way  to  wealth  and  power.  Bom  amongst 
community  of  robbers,  his  earlv  life  wu  ^isM 
amid  scenes  of  continual  vicusitude  and  t) 
most  daring  and  dangerous  adventure;  bl 
whilst  he  was  distingmshing  himself  bj  b 
bravery,  he  was,  at  ue  same  time,  acconi 
lating  riches  and  ^thering  power.  At  length  1 
was  enabled,  by  intriguing  at  ConstantinopI 
to  obtain  the  secret  commission  which  ensbli 
him  to  execute  the  finnan  of  death  sgaio 
Selim,  pasha  of  Delvino.  He  was  then  i] 
pointed  lieutenant  to  the  new  Derweod  pasl 
of  Roumili,  in  which  his  conduct  was  muii 
by  great  rapacity,  even  among  the  Eleptii,  < 
robbers,  with  wnom  he  was  leagued  m  ^ 
liating  aU  that  came  within  his  reach.  Tl 
country  now  swarmed  with  marauden.  B 
power  grew  with  his  increasing  riches;  b 
the  Porte  was  diBsatisfied,  and  the  Derwei 
pasha  was  recalled  and  decapitated.  X 
although  summoned  to  the  capitiu,  was  toovs 
to  be  caught.  He  bribed  the  divan,  remaim 
where  he  was,  and  avoided  the  loss  of  I 
head.  Ali  soon  afterwards  managed  to  msl 
his  peace  with  the  Porte,  and  sucoessivelT  b 
came  pasha  of  Tricali,  in  Thessaly,  then  ik 
wend  pasha  of  Roumili,  when  he,  from  beii 
a  robber  himself,  raised  a  body  of  4,000  Alb 
nians,  and  gained  additional  fiivour  with  t 
Porte  by  clearing  the  country  of 'the  depred 
tors  by  which  it  waa  infestea-  He  next  t» 
Jannina,  the  capital  of  southern  Albania, 
Epirus,  usurped  its  pashalic,  got  himself  co 
firmed  in  it,  and  b^an  vigorously  to  exte: 
his  territories.  These  finally  embraced  i 
Epirus,  and  extended  into  Acahiania  a 
JBtolia,  or  Western  Greece.  He  attack 
and  defeated  the  Suliotesy  and  exercised  up 


^ 


(249) 


Ue 


iheiB  the  moit  dreadfol  Tengeuiee  for  the 
hmaj  with  which  they  had  resisted  his 
eiortB  to  oonqner  tiiem.    He  redaoed  many  of 
th«  (owm  OD  the  Gulf  of  Arta  and  the  coast 
of  the  Adxiatie;  penetrated,  on  the  north,  Al- 
bania proper;  intrigned  for  and  ohtained  the 
puhahe  of  Berat ;  seized  the  govemment  of 
Othridi,  in  Uoper  AlhanU ;  attacked,  by  order 
of  the  Porte,  die  pasha  of  Scutari,  or  Skodra ; 
dffated  and  then  appropriated  his  territories. 
At  all  fteie  daring  acts  the  Porte  was  com- 
pelled to  oonaiTe,  and  AJi  was  even  appointed 
nupectcT  of  the  principal  division  of  the  em- 
pire, witii  i  residence  at  Monaster,  and  an 
anoT  of  24,000  men.    He  subsequently  be- 
eamp  t  vizier,  or  pasha  with  three  tails,  but  by 
his  intrigainz  and  treacherous  disposition  he 
fioallT  rossed  the  ire  of  the  sultan,  who  had 
him  ezconunnnicated,  and  commanded  all  the 
p«hai  of  European  Turkey  to  march  against 
hisL  All  was  compelled  to  abandon  his  strong- 
hoM  in  Janmna,  and  on  a  promise  of  pardon  sur- 
reedered  himself  to  the  rorte.    The  treachery 
hy  vhich  so  many  deeds  of  his  own  life  had 
^  diitingaished  now   fell   upon   himself. 
He  wti  betrayed  and  murdered.    His  head 
Tu  tramperted   to    Constantinople,   where, 
8poa  the  giate  of  the  seraglio,  it  was  stuck  and 
ohihited  to  the  gaze  of  the  populace,    b.  at 
T^-ptlen,  1750 ;  d.  1822.— All  had  three  sons, 
vbo  shared  his  fate ;    and  whatever  regret 
^t  be  felt  for  them,  there  was  none  on  his 
It-Lslf.  Lord  Byron  visited  him  in  his  fortress 
4-  Ttiielen,  and  thus  sings  of  him  in  his  second 
canto  of  «  Childe  Harold  "  :— 

He  pM'd  bleak  Pindos,  Acheruxia'*  lake, 

Aiid  left  the  printal  city  of  the  land, 

Aod  oQwarda  did  hi*  ^rther  journey  take, 

1o  tntet  Altania'a  ehief,  whose  dread  command 

l^Uvkttlaw. 

The  Imeaments  of  AU,  however,  did  not,  in 
^  noble  poet's  opinion,  indicate  the  ensan- 
rained  ferocity  which  characterized  his  dispo- 
^^^  Xotwithstanding  that  he  was  a  man 
<f  "war  and  woes.*'  and  that  crimes  had 
''Etirked  him  with  a  tiger's  tooth,"— 

^ia  bit  Uq^aments  ye  cannot  trace,—- 
^^  pcntleDeM  her  mildpr  radiance  throws 
\.«f  ihat  ac«d.  venerable  face, — 
T^  deed!  that  lurk  beneath,  and  stain  him  with  dis- 
<riee! 

j^  t«ft,  Bl^,  the  higher  part.     ^Jic 

m  m 

jXc\  ^J^^j^&\,  Eminent  in  dignity 

"t^oalied  in  glory, 
v^^  t!^a*,  Nobility.    Highness. 

•^  t*^^  ffeni.  of  ^Xc\)9  More  or  most 

^  onineot    A  high  place.  [subUme. 

^  i^h^iteuL  o{^)y  High,  exalted, 


l^if/«tt  (pL  of  iJlc)i  An  upper 

rooQ  bsriiiv  windows  on  the  three  sides,  and 
*»^  gaa%  as  a  bedroom. 

t^/i  Pastured,  fed. 


clCl  ff  ^ciayJca,  Above,  on,  or  to  thee.. 
jLir  ^alaykum,  Above  you. 

JJlc  ^ahl,  Infirm,  invalid ;  suffering 
under  some  bodily  infirmity  or  defect. 

*Jl£  ^o/im.  One  who  knows  everything. 

ddll  ^»J^|^  toal^lim  Allah,  And  the 
one  who  knows  everything  is  God. 
^uLc  ^layhi.  Upon,  against,  with  him 
or  it.    f!i21\  iUix,  Peace  be  with  him, 

which  is  often  abbreviated  thus — *£, 

when  following  the  name  of  any  prophet ; 
after  that  of  Mahomet  they  frequently  add 

Mi 

JL^f  J^lj  i^\  J^^  <Ux,  On 
whom  be  the  highest  blessing  and  the  most 

perfect  health  ;  or  <uLc  dJJl  d^t^L^ 
<uLrf^,  With  whom  be  the  blessing 
and  peace  of  God;  or  ^J^  ^^  t^ 

Jui^  iULe,  May  heaven  bless  him  and 

place  him  in  safety ;  and  others  similar.  After 
the  names  of  Ali,  and  others  famed  for  sanctity, 

they  write  <lJlc  rflU  ^yojy  May  the 
blessing  ofGod  be  upon  him;  i^JIl  ^uLc, 

or  <uLc  dlil  ^^Tjy  On  whom  be  the 
peace  of  God. 

tfS.  ^mm  (pi.  AfS  and  A/t^)»  An  uncle, 
a  father's  brother.  J^l  ^1  Jj)  <lU1^ 
JUj  idiSlj  l^  ^^^  ^tr^^  ^^  (J^ 

Bj  God !  I  must  retaliate  for  this  damsel  upon 
him  who  killed  her,  and  put  him  to  death. 
Then  said  he  to  Jaafar,  By  the  truth  of  my 
descent  from  the  Khaleefens,  of  the  sons  of 
£1- Abbas,  if  thou  do  not  bring  to  me  the  man 
who  killed  this  woman,  that  I  may  ayenge 
her  upon  him,  I  will  bane  thee  at  the  gate  of 
my  palace,  together  with  rorty  of  thy  kinsmen. 

\i  ^am&.  Blindness,  cecity.     ^^^  ^^ 

Lm!1  Cio^,  Yerily  love  is  the  com- 
panion of  bUndnesB.  [tent-pole. 

jl;  ^mad^  A  column,  pillar,  pilaster,  a 


Uc 


(260) 


i^  ^imdratf  An  edifice,  a  pious  foon- 

'dation,  a  sacred  fabric,  a  temple,  church, 
mosque,  Beminary,  college,  academy.  A  forti- 
ficahoiu  Any  inhabited  place,  a  habitation. 
Lon^vity.  Coltore,  cnltiTation,  education. 
A  tnbe,  a  society,  a  maltitnde.  The  fourth 
degree  of  consanguinity.  [^^^7* 

iLil^  ^amdkai,  Depth,  deepness,  profun- 

JU^  ^ummdl,  Artificers,  tax-gatherers, 
officers.  [kites. 

^\f  ^amdlik  and  LlWf,  The  Amale- 

^ux  ^mmdfnat,  A  turban,  particularly 
that  worn  by  judges  and  doctors.  libOuu  ^ 


VU 


'A\j\ 


'3> 


And  after  I  loosened  my  turban  from  it,  and 
disengaged  it  from  its  foot,  shaldng  as  I  did 
so,  I  walked  away. 

^UbC  ^mmdn,  The  high  sea,  the  ocean. 
A  river  of  Persia. 

^Ux  ^mtndn,  The  ancient  Amn)^,  the 

canitil  of  the  AtninimifaM  Jt  was  likewise 
called  Rabath  and  Osterath,  md  subsequently 
Philadelphia,  having  been  rebuilt  by  Ptolemy 
Philadelphus.  The  principal  ruins  lie  along 
the  hauls  of  a  small  river,  called  Mayat 
Amman  (the  water  of  Amman),  running 
through  a  ralley  bordered  on  both  sides  by 
barren  hills  of  flint.  This  stream,  which  has 
its  source  in  a  pond,  a  few  hundred  paces  from 
the  south-west  end  of  the  town,  after  passing 
under  groimd  seyeral  times,  empties  itself  into 
the  river  Zerka.  Among  the  ruins  are — 1.  A 
theatre,  excavated  in  the  side  of  the  eastern 
hill,  the  diameter  of  which  is  128  feet,  exclusive 
of  the  depth  of  the  theatre  itself  (88  feet 
each  way).  There  are  42  rows  of  seats  of 
stone,  14  inches  high,  and  20  broad,  divided 
into  3  portions  by '2  open  galleries.  The 
first  division,  nearest  the  stage,  has  12  steps 
with  6  cunei,  the  second  15  steps  with  5. 
2.  Before  the  theatre,  and  between  it  and  the 
stream,  are  the  remains  of  a  beautiful  colon- 
nade: 8  columns,  16  feet  high,  are  standing 
with  Corinthian  capitals,  and  entablature 
entire.  There  are  the  shafts  of  8  other 
columns:  there  might  have  been  60  altogether 
when  entire.  3.  Selow  the  great  theatre  is 
another  smaller  one.  4.  A  detached  building ; 
it  has  a  beautiful  arch  in  the  centre,  finished 
'*en  niche'*  at  the  top,  and  seems  to  have 
had  wings.  6.  A  row  of  columns.  6.  The 
remains  of  a  large  temple,  and  near  it  a  pool 
of  water,  a  circumstance  which  greatly  en- 
hances the  importance  of  the  situation  of 
Amman.  7.  A  large  church  converted  into  a 
Mosoue.  On  the  top  of  a  hill  to  the  west, 
EtanoiB  the  Castle  of  Amman.  The  space 
intervening  between  the  river  and  the  western 


hill  is  entirely  covered  with  the  lemib 
private  buildings,  now  used  for  shelter! 
camels  and  sheep.     There  is  not  a  af^ 
inhabitant  remaining,  thus  realizing  the 
phecy  of  i^ekiel  concerning  this  city. 

yl^  ^amdyir  (pi.  of  ij\i)t  Fleets. 

jSlf  ^amayik  (pi.  of  J**  or  isui\ 

^\i  ^amdym,  Torbans. 

Ias-  ^amnuU  or  JJkz  ^mmah,  An  ai 
a  brother's  sister. 

iXi  ^amdf  A  leaolatioD,  purpose, 

intention.     Setting  seriously  about  an 

\*Xi'  ^mdan,  Deliberatelj,  firmly,  i 
^jj-^^Lc,  Diligently,  attentively} 
fact   ^li  \l4£  lUxu:  ^\ii  ^  ' 


1 


Thus  I  was  Uke  one  who  has  put  out  hU  t 
on  purpose,  so  that  when  he  rises  in  the  dm 
ing  the  day  shines  for  him  no  more ;  whci 
if  I  had  retained  mastery  of  my  haod  ) 
temper,  the  disposal  of  my  &te  would  ( 
have  heen  al  my  dMioe. 

ij^  ^mdai,  A  support,   pillar,  pr 
Whatever  we  trust  to  or  confide  in.    Gn 

rich,  consequential.     (^\^^  |/*^^  ^ 

lumdat  vl  itmara  «/  kiram,  The  grex 
among  the  most  illustrious  princes. 

^^umr(pl.jU^),Life,age.  vKJLJ^ 


^j\  U  ^  Li^lj 


U     A. 


cT*  1^ 


'^  °  ^ 


J  U  J.JjJ  l:: 


jLi  V^  u:.^J--r1,  Thy  nights  j 

on  at  a  rapid  pace,  but  thou,  as  I  see,  art  < 
sisting  in  thy  course;  whereas  if  thou  b 
been  wise  in  the  time  of  thy  life  that  is  \ 
thou  wouldst  have  exchanged  vice  for  virt 

ji  ^mar,  Proper  name,  Omar  Amni 

^\jf   ^mardn,  The   two   Omars, 
Abubekre  and  Omar,  the  first  two  Khali^ 

S  /Xti\f  Thelmam  Omar,8ecand  Cal 

of  the  Mussulmans  after  Mohammad, 
made  himself  master  of  Syria,  and  in 
besieged  and  took  Jerusalem,  after  a  dd 
of  several  months.  In  the  following  yej 
invaded  Persia,  and  led  a  powerful  army 
Egypt,  the  conqaest  of  which  country 
completed  by  the  taking  of  AlexandVi 
640.  He  instituted  the  Era  of  the  lU 
or  Flight  of  Mohammad,  from  which 
Mussulmans  compute  their  years.    It 


J^^ 


(251) 


^ 


meoeed  with  the  16fth  July,  622  ▲.d.  His 
matupj  is  held  in  the  highest  ▼enention  by 
titf  Ssniteii,  or  orthodox  Mahometuis;  but 
tk  ShiitM,  or  psrtiMiiB  of  Al  j,  regard  him 
as  %  wuper.  Offlsr  was  wmii urinated  by  a 
Pmbso  ilire  644. 

Jlill/,  Omar  II.,  the  eighth  Caliph  of 

the  Oomidi:  he  wis  great  mndson  of  the 
pnodnff  cafiph,  and  aBeeeeafld  Soliman  in 
717.  Se  kid  li^  to  ConstBDtinople,  bnt 
wuibmd  to  HIM  it,  on  aoeoont  of  a  nolent 
BSon,  vUeh  destroyed  a  great  part  of  his 
fleet  hiKMd720. 

ir^fjijff  Omar  Ben  Alaftaah,  Maho- 

Dedn  ooBttdi  of  Eetremadnra  and  Portugal, 

naodtd  hit  brother  in  1082.    He  assisted 

tb!  Knnfaostt    king   of    Toledo    against 

A^than  VI.,  hot  was  defeated  by  the  latter. 

h  less  he,  with  other  Moorish  monarchs, 

»^  (^  aid  of  the  Snltan  of  Morocco, 

«fe  JMid  hii  tetMps  with  th^  Mahomedans, 

anJ&aghtiM^iiiimy  battle  with  Alphonso 

B^ar  M^     Tin   *^'«*~  aofasequently 

toned agaont  Omar,  who  w»  MSHsoMladbj 

tin  ia  1090. 

/  Omar,  a  odebcated  Moorish  pirate, 
^  ia  the  9th  eentory  committed  great 
nnjes  ia  the  Mediterranean,  took  the  iuand 
'f  Crete,  and  there  erected  a  fort  called  El- 
K^isdak,  from  which  Candia,  the  modem 
aa»of  ^  island,  has  been  derived. 

/  '^t  ColtiTatiBg,  building,  making 

I  oDa&tiT  habitable. 
'/  ^wuni,  The  sacred  Tiaitation   or 

^^nnage  to  Mecca. 
]j{  ^mr^^  Amra  (proper  name  much 

<^  in  kw  books,  with  Jjj  najfd,  as 
vt  do  the  lettefs  A  and  B). 

^    d^^^A'  -^ou*a*ebn-al-a8,  a  famous 


gcoeraL  at  first  a  great  enemy  of 
||i^nBet,  bat  afterwards  his  sealons  disciple. 
fl<  coDqnered  Syria  and  Egypt,  whence  he 
ei^ssdd  his  netoriims  arms  to  Africa.  He 
<^  jponmor  of  EoTpt,  which  flonrished 
^J  oader  his  admuustrationy  a-d.  663. 

r^  \^mikj  Weakness  of  sight  and  a 
>^0Q  in  the  eyes.  [a  gnlH 

>r  ctBii,  Depth,  profundity.  An  abyss, 

ji  :au/,  An  action,  operation,  work, 
^t  ptactaoe.  To  do,  make,  act,  effectuate, 
'>nte,  aecote,  labour,  put  in  practice. 

^  i'^dai  or  4l^  cMnalaK  Laboorers, 

S^  6«isfi,  Practical  (in  opposition  to 
tl'omical],  laboured,  artificial. 
ri  (MM^jfoA  (pi.  LZ^LU  ^nMliy&t), 
of  doing,  conduct,  prooeas. 


^jA£>  ^amman  (for  ^^^^\  From  that 
which.  [Palestine. 

{jm\^   ^amwds,   Emmaos,   a  town  in 
J^  ^amad,  A  column,  a  pillar,  a  prop. 

\jyf  ^amiUUM,  Perpendicularly. 

gj^  Gomorrah  (city  in  Palestine). 

Myi  ^Mtfiilm,  Being  common.  Commu- 
nity, uniTersality.  ^yf»  Commonly, 
nniTeraaUy,  nxlgariy.  [nndsa. 

<U^  ^miLmat   (pi.  of   ^),    Paternal 
i^^  ^ttfiiiUnl,  Common,  general,  uni- 

"TersaL 

^U«^  ^mumiffat,  The  quality  of  being 
general,  universal,  and  public. 

^^•x  Amman  or  i^j:m4^\  al  muiUari, 

Jupiter,  the  Ammon  of  the  Africans,  the  Belus 
of  Babylon,  the  Osiris  of  the  ancient  Egyp- 

iiana,  called  alao  ^j£j  or  Dioi  (hence 

L/'^J  ^  J^  madinat  «iMi&,  JMospolis^ 
Thebes).  Ammon  was  worshipped  in  Libia. 
He  appeared  in  the  form  of  a  ram  to  Hercules 
-~or,  according  to  others,  to  Bacchus — ^who, 
with  his  army,  was  suffering  the  greatest  ex- 
tremities for  want  of  water  in  the  desert  of 
Africa,  and  showed  him  a  fountain.  Upon  this 
Bacchus  erected  a  temple  to  his  lather,  under 
the  name  of  Jupiter  Ammon,  which  had  a 
famous  oracle  established  about  eighteen  cen- 
turies before  the  time  of  Augustus ;  but  when  it 
pronounced  Alexander  to  be  the  son  of  Jupiter, 
such  fiattery  destroyed  its  reputation,  and  in 
the  a^  of  Plutarch  it  was  scarcely  known. 
The  situation  of  the  temple  was  pleasant,  and, 
according  to  Herodotus,  there  was  near  it  a 
fountain,  whose  water  was  tepid  in  the  mom- 
inp^,  cool  in  the  forenoon,  extremely  cold  at 
mid«day,  diminishing  in  coldness  as  the  day 
declined,  warm  at  sunset,  and  boiling  hot  at 
midnight.  In  1792  the  site  of  the  Temple  'of 
Ammon  was  discovered  in  a  fertile  spot  called 
the  Oasis  of  Siwah,  situated  in  the  midst  of 
deserts,  five  d^rees  from  Cairo.  In  1798 
Homeman  discovered  the  fountain.  In  1816 
Belxoni  visited  the  spot,  and  found  the  foun- 
tain in  the  middle  ofa  beautiful  wood  of  palm- 
trees.  He  visited  it  at  noon,  evening,  midnight, 
and  morning.  He  had  no  thermometer  with 
him,  but,  judging  from  his  feelings  at  these 
different  periods,  it  might  be  40°  at  noon,  60** 
in  the  evening,  100"*  at  midnight,  and  80"  in 
the  morning. 

^  ^ami,  Being  blind,  dark,  obscure 
"(business). 

^  ^ml  and  ^L^  ^mydn  (pi.  of  ^\ 
a^mtf'), Blinds.  ♦ULa^\f«l\i,  '•  •^-*  - 


[^ 


(262) 


r^O  «  CLy^  ^lfi>  U^  <^4r^l9 


*j^\j  j^^i  iU  ^^^^^j,  So  I  en- 
gaged in  enconoten  of  that  sort  of  warfiire, 
while  I  inyested  myself  with  its  distinctiTe 
badges,  and  adopted  its  symbols  as  my  decora- 
tions ;  perceiring  it  to  be  a  merchandize  that 
ne^er  fails  and  a  fountain  that  is  never  dried 
npt  and  a  lamp  to  which  all  mankind  might 
resort,  and  whereby  the  blind  of  every  sort 
might  be  enlightened. 

Uf  ctmmiya,  Blindness,  want  of  mental 

vision ;  in  L^f  ^Xe>  ^alal^m  miyd, 

Blindly,  without  undentanding  or  thinking  of 
the  consequences,  ignorantly. 


^tnlk,  Deep,  profound.     ij,\  Ji 
\j,  Then  I  walked  about  that 


t-' 


place,  and  found  myself  upon  an  eminence,  be- 
neath which  was  a  large,  wide,  deep  valley. 

Juf  ^amll,  (In  commerce)  agent,  cor- 
respondent, commissioner.  One  who  buys  and 
sells  goods  on  account  of  a  merchant,  charging 
commission  or  percentage  on  the  same. 

^M^  ^amlm,  Full,  complete,  perfect  The 
superior  rank,  the  better  sort  of  men.  Common 

toall,ortomany, universal,  general.  ^^ 

^Uu»-)tf,  Benevolent  or  beneficent  to 
aU.    ^u\p^\  f^,  Enriching  univer- 

sally.  waJI  j^^,  Advantageous  to  all. 
^  ^n,  Of,  from,  with,  after,  on,  con- 
cerning, above,  before.  (*t^^^  {^ 
CyJftil,  From  the  bottom  of  the  heart. 
1^.^^  1^1  In  a  little  time,  soon,  im- 
mediately. JuiS  ^^,  With  design,  in- 
tentionally.    ^^^  ^,  In  vain. 

UwC  ^and,  Affliction,  labour,  lassitude, 
adversity,  distress. 

<^ll«  ^mnah,  The  jujabe  tree  and  fruit 
_jllc  ^tmn^^f,  Of  a  carnation  colour. 

jUf  ^nddf  Obstinacy,  stubbornness, 
perversenesB,  resistance,  repogoanoe. 


J  jlisC  ^anddil  (pL  of  t_  -i  JJx  ^andaM 
Nightingales.  [elemen 

^Lfi  ^andsir  (pi.  ofytoxc  ^mnsw),  T{ 
JujLc  (pi.  of  OyL^),  A  bunch. 

^Lc  ^ndn,  The  reins,  a  bridle,    ^l 

UoJ^,  ^ndn  astamd,  The  highestivgi 

of  the  sky.  ^\^\  ^\i^jS^\^\A 

^  ^U,  A:^  ^  ^J^^  I 
M^^  y^^  ^5^'  ^5^  t^'j  H 

'UwuJl ,  And  when  the  dawn  came,  & 
mom  appeared,  the  bird  rose  from  its  ej 
and  utterad  a  great  cry,  and  drew  me  up  i 
the  sky.  It  ascended  and  soared  up  bo  hi] 
that  1  imagined  it  had  reached  the  higlj 
region  of  the  sky. 

^Lfi  ^tndyo^.  Assistance,  aid,  favoi 

Solicitude,  anxiety.  ^i\  L\:ji\  d 
nnyat  ul  Ua  hwyah^  The  Divine  Provideooei 

c,v*r  ^nahf  The  grape,  grapes,     c^ 

c^Jjdll,  Foxes'  grapes,  nightshsl 

In  Syria  the  vine,  supported  on  pi^es,  or  wii 
ing  round  the  oaks,  suppUea  gn^^  ^b 
afford  red  and  white  wines  that  mi^ht  n 
those'of  Bordeaux,  [and  cord 


^tnhar,  Ambergris,  a  rich  perfo 

Jllc  ^nda  (An  adverb  of  time  and  plac 
near,  nigh,  with,  before,  about,  in,  accord 

to,  etc.     ^\  Jco:,  With  or  before  G« 

^^^^«J1 4XXC,  According  to  some.     J 

^JJL^I,  In  truth,  certainly.  ^Ultj^ 

At  length,  finally.  J^j!\  jl1£,  Onj 
arrival,  when  it  happens,  in  such  an  eT^ 

^«Xxe,  With  him,  in  his  possessil 

^\^j  (J/jcj:,  Take  thou  (this)  Zaj 

il3J>;r  ^^,  On  your  part.    LvJoc, 

the  mean  time.  4/JCi£^2;^»Bymyo| 

authority.  ui3jJcx,  Then,  at  i 
same  time. 

u^JfcXxe  ^mdd^lh^  A  nightingale. 

ij^  ^atuueh,  The  Bedouins  of  the  t^ 

of  Anaze.  The  Anase  are  the  meet  powc^ 
Arab  nation  in  the  desert  of  Svxia,  and  if 
add  to  them  their  brethren  in  Najd,  thev  t 
be  reckoned  one  of  the  most  Doniiamble  boj 


4^ 


(253) 


cf  Bedonhu  in  the  inJiiin  dacrto.  Thejare 
Qooida  in  th«  rtrietest  aoeeptation  oi  the 
void,  bt  thej  eantiBiM  dmiiig  the  whole  year 

^nMttT  (pl.yi0l:x)|  An  element. 

1  feondatioiL    Temperament,   constitatioii, 

tm^aaoa.    The  ^Tptiane  repreeent  the 

mm  \j  the  number  ^«,  heing  that  of  the 

doKBts,  vhieh,  saji  Diodonu,  are  earth, 

nts,  or,  lire,  and  ether,  or  epiritOB.    The 

ladiiiB  Iktre  the  nme  number  of  element!, 

and,  aooordiof  to  Hacrobioi'    "Myetice," 

they  Be  the  n^zeme  God,  orprimum  mobile, 

the  iitelligeooe,  or  mem  bom  of  him,  the 

rati  of  the  world  which  proceeds  firom  him, 

tbiedfidals^emandaU  things  terrestrial. 

HoR,  adds  mtarch,  the  analogy  between 

tlu  Gnek  pmU,  fixe,  and  pan,  all.     The 

Aaanlk,  beodes  Uieir  Trinity  called  Maana, 

loi,  Bib^pirit,  Name,  and  Door — ^hare  also 

I  m&f  exidly  answering  to  the  above, 

Bni^raeated  oymany  Imams,  in  several 

tonsaad  rerolationB  ca!iledj\^c\jj\if\ 

iifom  wuidwar.    As  for  their  qointities. 


Kt  iiothiak,  The  five  phantoms  or  fire  ghosts, 
or  die  fiTe  dements  which  are  the  primum 
■•^  the  intelligenoe,  or  maw,  which  consti- 

tote  the  soul  of  Uie  world.  See 


•^  fMif,  Inoonveniency.     Severity, 
^^,  violenee,  fiiry,  force,  oppression. 

^ji^  ^fitwai  and  ^^\^«x,  Vigour. 

TbefiDwerofyoath. 

i/^  ^tn/t,  Bigorons,  seyere,  forioasy 
'vioicBt,  imperious,  tyrannicaL 

J^i^tt^  The  neck.  v^/^^^Wjvj^ 

^  oo  her  head  was  a  crown  of  gold,  with  a 
•:uet  of  jeireis :  on  her  neck  was  a  necklace  of 
)^^«^  in  the  middle  of  which  were  refulgent 

*^  \mJa  (fern,  of  (j:^),  Long-necked ; 

^^vkite  streaks  on  the  neck,  especially 
^t  ^inl  form  (a  dog,  a  species  of  greyhonnd) . 
tAii  A  ftbnlons  bird  which  makes  a  dis- 
^^pshed  figure  in  Eastern  romance.  It 
^^I'^^i'adt  in  some  respects  with  the  idea  of 
^^  hoeaii — one  only  of  the  species  being 
y^  to  exist— and  with  the  griffin  in 
'^pe  sod  moostorons  mze.  It  is  &ncied  to  be 
^^^  tod  to  have  the  gift  of  speech,  and  to 
fiiTe  t&^stA  MM  oneen  on  the  fabolons  monn- 
^  of  Kaf.  El-Eaxwim  states  that  the 
^^  »  te  greatest  of  biids  j  that  it  carries 


off  the  elephant  as  the  kite  carries  off  the 
monse.  In  consequence  of  its  carrying  off 
a  bride,  Gfod,  at  the  prayer  of  a  prophet, 
banished  it  to  an  island  in  the  Circnmamoieiit 
Ocean,  unrisited  by  men,  under  the  equinoctial 
Hue.  It  Utcs  one  thousand  scTon  hundred 
years.  When  the  young  Anka  has  ^wn  up, 
if  it  be  a  female,  the  old  female  bird  bums 
herself,  and  if  a  male,  the  old  male  bird  does 
the  same.  [presently. 

^^.^  ;    ft  ^larih,  Soon,  near  to,  about, 
JjLa  ^anHdf  A  bunch.     Uy^vr  J^£i£ 

^nkad  ^nahf  A  bonch  of  grapes. 
CL^yS^x  ^nkabnty  A  spider. 
Jlkc  ^nkum,  From  you.   ^fs,  ^nhum, 

From  them.    ^\^  ^^-i^^  ^^  ^U 

•  \y\J\^  jSi\  L-^  Juu,  And  the 

grsTo  eloquently  answered  the  inquirer  for 
uem.  As  to  the  cheeks,  the  rose  is.  gone  from 
them.  Long  time  they  ate  and  drank,  but 
now,  after  pleasant  eating,  they  themselTes 
have  become  the  prey  of  the  worms. 

Mis.  ^nam,  A  species  of  Arabian  tree, 

bearing  red  fruit  and  soft  branches  ;  also  the 
extremities  of  the  Syrian  willow.  The  ten- 
drUs  of  a  Tine  twining  round  an  arbour. 
^namatf  a  single  tree  or  tendriL  A  fissure 
on  the  human  lip. 

^\y^  ^wan  or  (^'^  ^wdn,  The 
title  or  inscr^tion  of  a  book. 

iy^  ^nwat,  Force,  compulsion,  oppres- 
sion. (Oontril),  Loto,  affection,  f^antoatan, 
By  force. 

^Lxc  oanhu,  From  him  or  it.  l^  ^nhd, 
From  her.   ^Js^\j  ^\  Ji  ^  J^ 

Therefore  it  is  natural  that  I  should  weep  and 
moom.  On  hearing  these  words,  I  abstained 
from  rebuking  her,  and  said  to  her,  Do  what 
seems  fit  and  proper  to  thee,  for  I  will  not 

oppose  thee.  fJ^^J\ij\i^  ^\  ^-^^^^ 

^^^-"^^3  ^^jy.  t^^'  ^  iP!^  *^^ 
^^j^^  ^J^\  vj:..-L3Juf^  U;Uj^ 


I 


(254) 


j^ 


ljb;LL\,   And  I   took  shelter    in    a 

caTern  until  the  next  morning.  I  then  re- 
samed  my  walking  till  I  arriyra  at  a  flonrish- 
ing  and  well-fortiled  city.  The  winter  with 
its  cold  had  passed  away,  and  the  spring  had 
come  with  its  flowers.  The  riyers  form^  the 
most  enchanting  cascades,  and  the  singing  of 
the  birds  was  truly  delightful. 

Ju:v£  ^anld,  Obstinate,  stubbonii  contu- 
macious, refractory. 

ii— Bj.'.f.    ^anlf,    Imperious,    tyrannical, 

rigorous,  cruel,  severe  in  reproach.  Trouble- 
some, inconyeoient.    Riding  with  pain. 

1a£  ^uw&,  Barking,  howling,  the  thir- 
teenth mansion  of  the  moon,  or  four  or  fiye 
stars  in  Virgo. 

Jjl^  ^awdzil  (pi.  of  J^«Xc  ^azfl/), 
Censurers.  *^^Ais)\  ^It  ^  ^^^ 

4 -Ul  ^^  •  ^^  ^1 4  ^£;r  ^ 

♦  ^y^\  u--ij  ^  \^\  ^\^i  Thine 

image  is  within  my  eyelids,  and  I  think  of 
thee  when  my  heart  is  throbbing  and  when  it 
is  quiet.  Thy  love  has  penetrated  into  my 
bones,  and  there  it  circulates  as  does  the  juice 
in  the  fruits  upon  the  branches.  And  when  1 
see  thee  not,  my  bosom  is  contracted,  and  the 
censurers  excuse  me  for  my  sorrows.  0  thou 
whose  love  has  got  possession  of  me,  and  for 
whom  my  distraction  exceedeth  my  affection, 
fear  the  compMsionate,  with  respect  to  me, 
and  be  merciful.  Thy  love  has  made  me  to 
taste  of  death. 

u^^>^  ^atrartii.   Accidents,    incidental 


distempers.  ^Umm>-  yjoij^^,  Bodily 
infirmities.  [etc. 

uJjl^  ^warif  (pi.  of  uJ;U),  Sciences, 

j^^ys,  ^aw&shir,  Camels  accustomed  to 

drink  once  only  in  ten  days.  In  southern 
latitudes  common  camels  on  a  journey  must 
be  watered  every  fourth  day,  a  longer  exposure 
to  thirst  would  probably  be  fiital  to  them.  The 
camel  trained  for  riding,  which  we  call  a 

dromedary,  is  termed  in  £gypt  ^;:^c^ 

hejtn,  and  in  the  desert  of  Syria  JJlj 
dalul,  or  The  Pilot  (of  the  desert).    It  is  of 


the  same  race  as  the  heayy-carrying  beast,  dif< 
tinguishable  from  the  latter  only  as  a  huntet 
is  nrom  a  coach-horse.  To  the  uninitisred 
eye  the  difference  is  scarcely  apparent,  eicppi 
that  the  riding  camel  is  more  sleek,  beinj^ 
shorn  closely  lixe  a  sheep ;  but  tiiere  is  a  noUti 
expression  in  the  eyes  of  the  latter,  and  some< 
thing  in  its  whole  deportment,  by  Yhich  tb( 
generous  may  be  distingoished  from  the  ecro< 
mon  breed.  In  Nubia  and  north-eastoi 
Africa  also  the  hefim  are  much  esteemed  foi 
riding,  on  account  of  their  docility,  tbei] 
swiftness,  and  pleasant  amble.  The  tiedouiiu 
assert  that  the  boast  of  a  h^n  being  able  u 

Sexform  a  journey  of  ten  days  in  one  withooi 
rinking,  and  on  this  account  called  ^te^ir 

is  a  fact  which  cannot  admit  of  doubt. 

■ 

j*c>\^  ^wdHf,  Three  stones  with  vhid 
they  press  grapes. 

,  v.^tj£  (pl.  of  i^Jkplc  or  isuAc),  Wvai 

very  violent,  a  gale.     See  k^^, 

^Ji0\ye,^watif{'pl,  of  dible),  AlFecticmf 

L--^^^  ^awdkih  (pl.  of  ^Ic  ^kilnU]\ 
Latter  ends,  conclusions,  consequences 

him  who  thinketh  not  of  results  and  conse 
quences,  fortune  is  never  favourable,  and  b< 
will  not  be  secure  from  perils. 

/^\ye,  ^wdm  (pl.  of  ^U),  The  oommot 
people,  the  public,  the  yalgar.     a*«. 

^awicam^  A  swimmer. 
J^\^  ^awdmil  (pl.  of  ^le).  Agents. 

^\^  ^awdn,  An  assistant.   A  detective 

JjI^  ^wdid  (pl.  of  if  Jolf  ^dydat),  Tea 
dues,  pickings.    Habits,  customs, 

^^^  ^awdik  (pl.  of  ^U   ^dik),  Ob 

stacles,  impediments.  [Curvaton 

^^   ^wqf,   Being  crooked,   distorted 
J^    ^awd,  Betuming.     J^   ciUf  (p' 

Ci\^\  and  (j'jun).  Wood,  timber,  th 
wood  or  branch  of  a  tree,  a  staff*,  a  stick.  Tl 

wood  of  aloes.  Aluteorharp.  i^  j^«-y 
Aspeciesof  aloes  wood.  U£..«r»-|^\  l^^  ^ 


o 


,y,  \: 


••  * 


cyyu-j  If-j  ^\  tliU j  cs-^^^^.U 
<*.)ar.  ijL«,  Thenahe  took  forth  tm 


t^e 


(255) 


her  shonlden  two  pieeei  of  KmiaJT  aloes- 
Tood,  aad  took  i  bit  of  them,  and,  having 
iigfated  a  fire  in  t  perAimuiF  tcsmI,  threw  into 
h  thit  Mt,  and  she  made  a  load  whistle. 

ij^  ^tfmM,  A  return,  coming  back. 
*Jc  itML  A  hooked  instrament  with 

vhiich  tliej  poll  bneketi,  etc,  ont  of  wella. 

Jc  '^MMs,  Befuge,  an  asylum.    ^  b 3ye. 

CS^j  ^mam  htUM  minJta,  Qod  de- 

fesdisefrwthee. 

c  ^vr,  Being  blind  of  an  eye. 

\if  i«ra  (fem.  of  ji^^)>    One-eyed 

l'^  'MTttj  Any  part  of  the  body  or 

(^ifimer,  or  aaj  part  of  a  man's  fanuly, 
vlikii  nmnia  projection  from  exposure  or 

^iasilL 


^f'M^oii^^y  Akindofbranible. 

^f  Jwed  or  uucad,  A  reward,  a  re- 

eDfflpense,oompen8ation.  ^ycor  \^y& 

<^  Id  his  room,  inatead  of  it. 

if  [Sel^  Delay,  procrastination.    Hin- 
fc^,  detainisg,  prerenting. 

\,f ;«/,  Bemting,  straying.   Leaning 

to  oa<  side,  partial  (judge).  Exceeding 
Ma^  exorbitant,  exacting  more  than  what 
•^  Tntbleaome,  Texations  (affair).  Over- 
?*2Bf,  excelling.  Supporting  (a  family); 
KndoctBg  aoTthing  (amonff  a  family  or 
«aeitia);  haling  a  large  family  to  main- 
tea.  lingiiBg  or  twanging  (aa  a  Mw-string). 

ff  (flvw,   Swimming   (as    a   man). 
^tJDg,  Bailing  (as  a  ship).  (^Ju-j  b 

"tlttitCT,  know  that  I  am  a  stranger,  "and 
^aa  sbip,  and  was  submerged  in  the  sea 
^(Btab  otiiers  of  tiie  passengers;  but 
j|*^.Kipplied  me  with  a  wooden  tub,  and  I 
J*^rt,  sad  it  bore  me  along  until  the 
'**** «»  upon  thia  island. 

i:;;^^,iid,  assistanoe.    Snoconr.  A 

**■*».  prtnm. 

iJif  ^«vtf,  A  groan,  lamentation. 

•*F  ^,  A  promise,  agreement,  com- 

^  ewrtiaet,  obligation,  treaty.  An  oath,  a 
'w.    A  BuidatA.  preeept,  oomnusdon,  or 


patent,  for  any  office  or  dignity.    A  testament 
or  last  will. 

if  J^  ^hdat  or  d  J^  ^uhdah.  An  obliga- 
tion, a  debt ;  oblising  oneself  to  pay,  becoming 
security  for  another ;  any  land  ot  agreement 
or  bargain.  Betuminggooda  (when  diamaged). 

4>A|£  ^uhiLd  (pi.  of  J^)y  Conditions, 
capitulations,  promises,  agreements. 

L^  ^ay<3,  Difficult,  incurable  (disease). 

c-i»U£  ^yydhy  Slanderous,  loquacious. 

jLc  ^ydtj  Flying  from  eril  to  God. 
Taking  refuge.    Refuge,  an  asylum. 

jLx  ^tydr,  A  mark,  a  proof.  A  standard 

of  weight,  measure.    A  touchstone.    A  fUll 
measure,  a  legal  marked  weight. 

JLf  ^yal,  Family,  children,  household. 

^Lc    ^dn^    Clear,    manifest,    public, 

conspicuous,  certain.    Evidence,  appearance, 
perspicuity.  Observing,  contemplating. 

ULc  ^dnan.  Publicly,  visibly.  ^Uc 
ttttf^on,  Fatigued.  [actions. 

£Lc  ^ydnat,  Being  a  spy  upon  another's 

i^^^f'  ^yh,  Yice,  fault,  defect,  stain, 
disgrace,  affront,  crime,  infamy,  dishonour. 

pay  attention  to  my  narration,  which  is  very 
strange,  and  which  will  at  the  same  time  pro- 
yoke  smiles  and  more  to  tears.  I  am  a  man 
whose  yirtues  are  exempt  from  any  defect,  and 
about  whose  glory  and  merit  there  is  no  doubt. 

Ju£  cJdy  A  religious  festival,  of  which 
the   Mussulmans   haye   but   two,   viz.    the 

^1  Ju£  ^MpTy  The  Festival  of  the 
Breaking  of  Fasts,  and  ,^j«^\  Juc  f^di- 

adha  or  ^JoJi^S^  ^idul  kurbdn,  The 
Festiyal  of  Sacrifices,  on  the  10th  of  Zilhijje. 

vl^L/«Ju£   ^Id  mubdrakf  May  your 

sacred  festival  be  happy!  (equiyalent  to  A 
merry  Christmas !)  [trees. 

^\ju£  ^ayddn  or  ij\j^,  Tall  palm- 

i^jufi  ci(ft.  Belonging  to  any  solemn 

feast.  ^*y^t  A  present  made  at  that 
time. 

.^  ^satci,  Of  the  religion  of  Jesus, 


(266> 


J?* 


-  .* 


a  Christian.    JUiiu  >.irH  ILJl,  The 

GhriBtian  people. 

^^mmx  ^fM',  The  Lord  Jesus. 

^/M^  ^ay«A,  Life.  Living.  L£;f«0  (JS  ^ 

JJ«xJl  cA:^  15^  >  ^7  patience  has 

failed,  and  my  diJMjiiietade  is  exoeasiTe ;  immense 
has  been  my  waihng  since  yonr  absence^  and  I 
have  become  infirm  and  invalid !  I  take  God  to 
witness  that  your  separation  has  made  me  lose 
my  patience !  And  how  conld  I  have  patience 
to  endure  the  loss  of  the  object  of  my  hope  P 
After  the  loss  of  my  belove^  how  conld  I  de-  * 
light  in  sleep  ?  And  who  is  he  that  can  find 
pleasure  and  delight  in  a  life  of  abasement  P 

JuaxII^  \^j^^\  vji^-vfiiftj,  I  possessed 

what  none  of  the  kings  possessed,  and  ruled 
with  justice,  and  acted  with  equity  and  impar- 
tiality towards  mj  subjects.  1  gave  and  made 
presents,  and  I  lived  a  long  time  in  the  enjoy- 
ment of  happiness  and  an  easy  life,  and  emanci* 

pated  female  and  male  slaves.  J^  \  ^k^., 
llahatui-bar,  The  tent  life.    Throughout  the 

day  a  deathlike  silence  prevails  in  an  Arab 
encampment ;  but  at  sunset,  all  is  life  again. 
At  this  hour  the  fires  are  lighted  for  cooking, 
and  from  above  every  tent  a  thin  column  of 
smoke  is  seen  issuing  as  from  a  cottage 
chimney.  On  every  side  the  shrill  voices  of 
the  women  are  heara,  either  ^ving  directions 
relating  to  the  meal  which  is  about  to  com- 
mence, or  singing  to  quiet  their  babes ;  whilst 
the  watch-dog  passes  to  the  rear  of  his  tent, 
and,  as  if  conscious  of  the  charge  entrusted 
to  him,  keeps  up  an  incessant  barking. 

aHua  ^yldtn,  A  male  hyaena. 

^^  ^ayn,  The  eye,  sight,  aspect.      A 

fountain,  spring,  source.  Anything  like  another, 
second  s«lf.  Kind  (as  opposed  to  money  or 
equivalent).  The  letter  ^.  The  second  radical 

letter  of  any  Arabic  word.  A  similar  number 
or  quantity.    ^^JLJ^  ^^  ^ynulyahn, 

ad.,  As  of  positive  knowledge,     ^j^ 


i\^\f  The  fountain  of  life  or  immot- 

tality.     ^ji*j^\  ^^,  The  ran'seye 

(a  flower).     The  opaL     J\aS^\  ^. 

The  height  of   perfection.     J^^l 

^^^y.  The  image  or  pupil  of  the  eje. 

LmX  ^aynan,  Exactly,  jostly,  clearly, 
truly,    effectually,   precisely,    to  the  ptafit 

^c^  j^W»  Certainly,  attentivelT, 
uninterruptedly. 

(^\i:^  Atn-tah,  a  large  town  in  ^ 

north  of  Syria,  on  the  S.  slope  of  the  Taomj 
Pop.  has  been  estimated  at  20,000,  vbicb,u 
the  town  be  two-thirds  the  size  of  Aleppo,  ed 
scarcely  be  considered  as  exaggerated.  Tm 
inhabitants  consist  of  nearly  eqmd  nnmbmoi 
Armenians,  Greeks,  Curds,  and  Mohammedu>j 
They  use  the  Turkish  lan^age.  Water  atea] 
dant.  Manufactures  of  goatskin,  le&tlflj 
.  cotton,  and  woollen  clolhs  are  carried  00  tj 
some  extent ;  and  there  is  some  trade  in  ni 
and  tanned  hides,  cloth,  honey,  and  tobaeq 
Ain-tab  may  be  regarded  as  Uie  capital  oi\ 
limited  but  very  fine  country,  consistiEg-j 
small  hills  and  valleys  among  the  roots  of  tls 
Taurus.  The  towns  and  ▼iUsges  in  this  litti 
district  are  very  numerous.  The  air  is  goc 
and  the  soil  fertile. 

^Us^l  cT!*^  tf^  ^^  A^yy^^i  The  Serpa 
Fountain.  A  fountain  situated  at  the  distao 
of  an  hour  from  the  ruins  of  the  old  seapo 
of  Tortosa,  around  which  fountain  are 
siderable  traces  of  foundations  and  rains,  vii 
sepulchres,  denoting  some  ancient  site,  poa 
the  Ihiydra  of  Strabo.    From  Apyul-ba; 
to  Latakia,  there  is  16  hours  of  riding  oq 
shore  of  the  sea,  and  the  whole  tract  isco 
with  the  ruins  of  castles  and  ancient 
which  are  met  with  particularly  in  the  intiri 
between    Tortosa   and    Jabl^    which 
formerly  thickly  inhabited;    but  now  it 
nearly  deserted,  and  only  partially  culdrat 
the  cultivators  being  chiefly  the  An^sritJ 
who  inhabit  the  mountains.     The  provi^ 
called  Cadmus  is  in  that  direction. 

ij^  ^ayn!,  Genuine,  original,  eesent^ 
real,  natural,  effective. 

^uynh    (pi.    of  U-^-i),    ^<1 

-Jl  !is^\Jl\  i^J!tA\  ^y..^ 

^uyubutsh  thari^  ffuh  al  fankktit    ui  b«\ 
The  redhibitory  vices  or  defects. 

^^    cttyun    (pi.    ^^    ^ayn),     Ei 
fountains.  j^\    Jj*^^  l^^  ^^--1 


3i^ 


(257) 


iU 


(j3  j  \jjA-i}  yOjJl  <sf-^  ^le ,  And  she 

said^  We  vilk  in  the  sea  with  our  eyes  open, 
aad  we  fee  what  i>  in  it ;  we  also  eee  the 
sm.  noon,  stars,  and  the  sky  as  on  the  fiice 
q(  tb  evth,  and  this  hnrteih  OS  not. 

jUL^^  ^tyfin  iolayMdn  or  {jtAj 

^1  rud^fyn,  Solomon's  CistemB, 

V  tbe  Head  of  the  Fountain,  dtoated  near 

Tjtt  Iher  ^niiift  of  three  reaenroirs  of  rude 

imaj,  nstfld  with  etrong  cement  within, 

oddrated  fifteen  or  twenty  feet  aboTe  the 

^of  tberanounding  oonntry,  which  is  a 

piam  Ihe'or  ax  miles  in  circamference.    The 

^er  bano,  distant  about  the  eighth  of  a 

Buefhn  tbe  sea,  is  of  an  octangmar  shape, 

tvc3tT-two  janb  in  diameter.     Upon   the 

Vjk  of  it  iB  a  walk  eight  feet  wide,  below 

viiid  tiwre  is  another  walk  twenty  feet  broad. 

^  nter,  instead  of  being  on  a  lerel  with 

tb  nrroondmff  coontry,  rises  up  to  the  brink 

*itb  force,  bobbliog  aa  it  would  do  under  the 

^^  of  fire;  and  such  iB  the   abundant 

^J^,  that  aftier  issning  from  an  outlet  which 

M^eis  broken  on  tilie  western  side,  it  forms 

infiilet,.tiiniine  three  or  four  mills  in  its 

P*ng€ towardstiie  sea.    The  ancient  outlet, 

'»*H<^iped  vf,  was  on  the  east  side,  oyer  an 

^$3edaetwhich  eommnnicated with  two  smaller 

csteros,  dktant  from  the  larger  one  a  hundred 

^  twcBiy  paces.   One  of  these  is  twelTe,  the 

^  twenty  yards  square.    After  supplying 

te  itBtrroiia,  the  lAter  was  oonreyed  by  an 

•qwdaet  to  the  dty  of  Tyie,  whidi  stiU  is 

^i^ahlt  in  its  whole  extent.    Crossing  the 

pkin  is  aa  obBque  direction,  it  runs  north- 

*Bdi  for  about  three  milea,  till  it  reaches 

t  foall  enuBenoe,  on  which  is  the  tomb  of 

»  Azib  Btntdn;  here  it  turns  westward, 

^  preeseds  over  the  isthmus  into  tiie  city. 

Iimal  places  rugged  heaps  of  matter,  re- 

^^bliQg  rocks,  appear  on  its  sides  aad  under 

%stha;  these  are  produced  by  the  leakage 

^^  wata,  which  petrifies  aa  it  distils  from 

*yt>  As  a  work  of  this  magnitude  denotes 

*^  ittte  of  prosperity,  we  may  conclude, 

^the  known  history  of  Tyre,  that  it  was 

•Bdertakeo  at  a  Tery  remote  period.    The  cir- 

^^^taa»  of  Ae  waters  riaing  aboye  the  leyel 

^  tb  phuB  makea  it  presumable  that  they 

^oor  source  in  the  mountains,  situated 

^  » league  on  the  eastward.     It  is  re- 

**^  that  at  the  commencement  of  the 

*>t(r  «{imox  they  become  turbid,  and  assume 

^itdfiik  colour,  but  after  a  few  days  they  re- 

*^  iheir  nsoal  clearness.    The  same  phe- 

^^*^  is  obseryable  with  respect  to  some 

^nthe  continental  side  of  the  isthmus, 

!J*_^  ate  of  the  ancient  city  called  Palte 

vitt,  or  Old  Tyre,  to  disdn^sh  it  from  tbe 

i!!.*^  itooa  on  the  aci^aeent  island,  al- 

ttwQgh  ia  reahty  the  latter  was  the  most 

«»atofthatwi>. 


c  ghayn,  The  nineteenth  of  the  Arabic 

Alphabet,  baring  radically  the  sound  of  ff 
hard,  or  gh,  or  ^m,  in  English.  In  arithmetic 
it  expresses  1000,  and  denotes  quadrature  in 
the  aspects  of  the  stars. 

i^li  ffhah,  A  forest,  a  wood,  a  thicket, 
a  groye,  the  haunt  or  den  of  a  wild  beast 

4jU  ffhdhat,  A  forest. 

^Ic  gh&hiny  An  impostor,  a  deceiTer. 

•U  ghSLfj  A  cavern,  the  den  of  a  wild 
beast.    The  laurel. 

iiU  gh&rat,  Rapine,  plunder,  booty; 
'^a  hostile  incursion  into  an  enemy's  country  to 
carty  off  spoil  or  captiyes. 

\jm\i'  ghdru,  A  planter. 

,cjU  gh(l%l,  A  conqueror,   a  hero,  a 

"gallant  soldier  (especially  combating  infidels) ; 
a  general,  or  leader  of  an  expedition. 

j;^U  ghdsik,  That  part  of  the  night 
immediately  succeeding  the  erepuscle. 

jiU  gh&ih,  A  dissembler,  a  hypocrite. 

LjL\i  ghdshigeh,  An  embroidered  saddle- 

"coyer.    This  was  usually  borne  before  a  king, 

and  a  less  costly  kind  is  now  often  seen  on  tbe 

shoulder  of  a  groom  preceding  a  horseman  of 

the  higher  or  middle  rank  in  Egypt. 

JiU  gh&JU,  Imprudent,  inconsiderate, 
incautious,  negligent,  indolent,  inattentiye. 
Careless. 

i^liyAa^i^,  A  conqueror.  Overcoming, 
exoellhig,  victorious.    Triumphant. 

'UU  ghaliban.  Chiefly,  principally. 
Apparently,  probably. 

z  ghdh,  Dear,  precious,  valuable. 
ajU  ghdntm,  Laden  with  spoil* 

^U  GhdtMh,  The  city  of  Ohanah.  With 
respect  to  this  city,  we  find  sufilcient  informa- 
tion in  the  celebrated  Abulfeda's  Geography. 
He  says  that  it  is  in  the  twenty-ninth  degree  of 
longitude,  and  the  tenth  of  north  latitude,  in 
the  country  of  Sudan  or  Kegritia,  and  the 
residence  of  the  king  of  the  country ;  that  the 
Moorish  merchants  come  there  from  the  west 
oyer  the  Saharah,  some  fifty  dajrs*  journey, 
and  obtain  eold-dust  there ;  that  it  is  situate 
on  a  branch  of  the  Nile,  and  contains  half 
Moslemin  and  half  heathens. 

^^U  ghdwi,  A  deceiver,  seducer. 

^U  ghdgh,  Absent,  latent,  concealed, 

17 


J^ 


(258) 


\ 


y 


inYisible.     ^M  ijM*£>  wU  cu^  hunt 

gha^ihan  fjuharai  ayfomt  I  haTe  been  absent 
ten  days. 

iAa  gh&yiUy  The  end,  extremity,  tei- 
mination.   ^U«JJ  ^<l£  CmIj  cy^^njU 

^JLilS,\  1 JA  jJ^  tl^  J^  y^j,  So  he 

stood  erect  npon  his  two  feet,  and  said  to 
Joharah,  0  utmost  object  of  desire,  who  art 
thon,  and  who  brought  thee  unto  this  place  P 

jAe.  ghdyr^  Jealous.     See  jyx., 

aUU  phdjfila,  Any  cause  of  anxiety  or 
painful  solicitnde. 

ghibha,   After.      U  u.^,   After 

which.  |*)LJ1  («-^i  After  salutations* 


^.>- 


U£  ghibhan,  Seldom,  rarely. 
j\^ghubdr,  Dust.   JUs^  ijJLe.  l^J^j 

UaSUl  jLrf  .  A^.  Then  we  loaded  ten 


oamelB  with  presents  and  marched  forward; 
but  soon  there  appeared  a  doud  of  dust,  whidi 
aroce  and  spread  until  it  fiUed  the  air  before  us. 

fjLc  ghahdwaif  Inadvertency,  stupidity. 
ij^  ghabrat,  Small  dust,  fine  powder. 

^jf£>  ghahan.  Being  weak  in  mind,  liable 

to  decq>tion.  Fraud,  cheating.  Being  negli- 
gent, forgetful.  Mistaking,  erring.  Doub- 
linff  up  and  sewing  part  of  a  garment  to  make 
it  snorter.    To  deceiTe. 

^^^  ghahi.  Weak  in  intellect,  stupid. 

^j^  ghabht,  A  gull,  dupe. 

CL^  ghati,  Plunging  into  water  head 
fbremoet    Being  afflicted,  Taxing. 

Jls  ghad,  The  day  after.      1«Xc  ghadan, 

To-morrow.  ^tXi  Jju,  ha^da  ghadin, 
The  day  after  to-morrow. 

tjLfi  ghidd,  Meaty  yictuals,  proTisions; 
anything  eaten  at  an  early  dinner. 

,1«Xc  ghiddar,  Fraudulent,  perfidious* 
A  traitor,  a  cheat 

3j\*Xc>  ghadddrah,  A  two-edged  sword. 

^j^gkadr.  Perfidy,  firaud,  treachery,  de- 
ceit, maleTolenco,  malignity,  hostility,  injury. 
To  act  perfidiously,  to  hreaka  treaty  or  agree- 
ment ;  to  persecute.  ^  c^^^l  JlaJ 


hast  prolonged  a  oonTersation  that  will  oi 
procure  thy  liberation.  Hope  not,  therefc^ 
for  thine  escape  through  my  means;  bi 
(remember)  reflect  upon  thy  former  wickl 
conduct,  and  the  pemdj  and  artifice  whu 
thou  thought  to  employ  against  me. 

^Sc  ghadUw  (and  !j«Xc),  The  mominj 

coming  in  the  morning.  JU!l|^jJ«!'| 
Morning  and  evening.  [dio« 

j^iXi  ghadur,  Fraudulent,  most  perj 

jltkt  ghadir,A.diU!ih,  pool,stagnant  watel 

t«Xc  ghiud,  Food,  aliment. 

gharr,    Deceiving,   flattering  m\ 
yain  hopes,  cajoling,  coaxing. 

\jA  ghird,  Glue,  isinglass. 

\j£'  gharrd,  Bright,  shining,  splendid. 

c^jLi  ghirdi,  A  crow,  raven,-  rook. 

^1^   ghardhaij    Strangeness,   oddne^ 
marrellousnesB. 

j\jS.  ghardr^  A  sack  of  hair-doth. 

^^Lfi  ghirdi,   The  season  proper  f{ 
planting.    The  shoot  of  a  palm-tree. 

a\j£,  ghardtn,  Desire,  cupidity.    Lo 


as»I^  /»^K  I  soothe  my  heart  in  n 

passion,  and  conceal  it,  but  mystate  shov< 
and  inteipreteth  my  love,  when  my  U^ 
flow,  I  say,  My  eye  is  sore,  lest  the  ceci^ 
should  see  and  understand  my  condition, 
was  free  from  care,  and  knew  not  wh.it  M 
lore ;  hut  have  become  eaamourcHi.  and  wj 
enslaTed  heart,  I  submit  my.  case  to  y^ 


t-'y 


(259) 


^ 


eomphining  ot  my  panion  and  my  ecstasy, 
that  yoQ  may  pity  ms  and  show  mercy.  I  hare 
written  it  with  the  tears  of  my  eye,  that  per- 
duoee  it  may  erolain  to  yoa  the  lore  with 
which  jou  have  anected  me. 

<u1^  ^ktHHwud,  A  fine,  a  mulct  for 

bloodshed. 

c^^  gktrdjfib  (pL  of  ^j^),  Strange 
thi^  narrdlouB  tilings. 

S^  sMf  The  setting  of  the  ran ; 

the  wot  Africa. 

1j/  ^«4d  (pi.  of  ^'^ij^y,  Strangere. 

j\ijZ  ghkldlf  A  large  sieve. 

Jl/  Syrian  (pi.  of  i^]ji),  Crows. 

f/  Skffiat,  Travelling.      Being  far 

<iistBat  from  eonn^  and  Mends.  Aeojonming 
IW2T  from  home  in  ^  strange  place,  estrange- 
ment. ul^i«^Ij  tt  9^^^A^^  <j:^w}  JJ 


^Is*^  «iii^,  And  I  had  forgot  aU  that 

I  bad  lufleied  from  fiitigne,  and  ahsenoe  from 
nj  oatiTe  comitry,  and  difficulty,  and  the 
^«7on  of  travel.  I  occupied  myself  with 
diii^hii  and  pleasnrea,  deucioos  meats  and 
eiqnuite  drinks,  and  continued  in  this  state. 

<J/  /W^,  West,  western,  westerly. 

^^vrrai,  The  most  excellent  of  any- 
tUav.  The  heginning  of  the  month.  A 
^iire  white  spot  on  a  horse's  forehead,  es- 
Wmed  an  ornament. 

r  jhoroTt  AnjtlHBg  snbject  to  the 
^«  of  fortune,  or  of  uncertain  ewent. 
^I^nzin^  for  what  is  not  in  our  power,  as 
tJ-^g  a  bird  in  the  air.      Ohurar  (pi.  of 

'/  9^^^a),  The  choice,  select  ones 

'<  ny  kind  of  tilings.  White  marks  on  the 
•'f'tfeid.   Ornaments,  etc 

r  ?^  Fiercing  (with  a  sword, 
'^^t:.  or  sting).  Fixing^  a  stake  in  the 
^^  Thrusting  the  tad  into  the  earth 
'  ■  4  -MSBt  irhen  laying  eggs). 

rr  9^»h  Planting  (trees).     Ghars 

!'♦    (j-^ji),    A    plant.      Ohirt,    A 

v'.'J2jr  plated  shoot    A  proselyte. 

Y  $hmi  (pi.  of  u^5/^),  A  design, 

'  ••  "^t  :Rt?ctian,  end,  machination.  A  butt  or 
Lark  tor  archers.  *AjIQ  £z^\  ^^Ci 


♦  UaC^j  ♦  LaD  U--^  ^<s>-1  \l  yJL^Xi 

v/^  ♦  ^^j^^  ^r^^  ^^*^  ^ 

*  CS^jS,  ^^ai\ ,  And  his  sister  wept 

at  his  weeping  v  she  was  moved  with  compas- 
sion for  his  case,  and  pitied  him  for  being  a 
stranger  in  a  foreign  country ;  and  she  said  to 
him,  0  my  brother,  be  of  good  heart  and 
cheerful  eye ;  for  I  will  expose  myself  to  peril 
with  thee,  and  gire  my  life  to  content  tiiee, 
and  contriTe  for  thee  a  strata^em^  even  if  it 
occasion  the  loss  of  my  precious  things  and 
my  Bovd,  that  I  may  accomplish  thy  desire. 


^  u^j  UL^imaIj  UIjil^  <LrLj.;  ^ 

j^\  ^  juA\)y  Then  I  resolved,  and 

arose,  and  bought  for  myself  goods  and  com- 
modities and  merchanmze,  with  such  other 
things  as  are  required  for  travel,  for  my  mind 
had  consented  to  my  performing  a  sea-voyage. 

^j^j^  ghargharat,  The  sound  of  boiling 

water.  A  ffarwism.  A  gurgling  sound  in 
the  throat,  the  death-rattie,  a  gargle. 

^jjC  ghturfatf  One  draught.     Ghurfat,  A 
parlQur,  hall,  or  other  apartment  for  supping. 

^j^  gharh,  A  shipwreck,  drowning.    To 


^. 


^/••v  • 


be  drowned. 

i^jaj  jUs^I  Jl^  fJ^ji  y  I  was  among 

the  number  of  those  who  remained  behind 
upon  the  island,  so  I  sank  into  the  sea ;  but  God 
(whose  name  be  exalted!)  delivered  me,  and 
saved  me  from  drowning,  and  supplied  me 
with  a  great  wooden  tub,  and  I  laid  hold 
upon  it,  and  got  into  it,  induced  hy  the  sweet- 
ness of  life,  and  beat  the  water  with  my  tVet 

as  with  oars.   ^  i^-jLs?'  l*Xto  (J-^t^i 


*    *  ^ 


A.M0 


\ 


cT*^  ^Ji^  CT^J  oj^ '  cT*  c^^  ^ 
d^\:i^^yj^\  i^\^JJ^i  Put  this  seul- 


!;* 


(260) 


[mi 


ring  upon  thy  finger,  and  thou  wilt  be  tecnre 
from  Owning  and  other  accidents,  and  from 
the  mischief  and  noxiouroeaa  of  the  beaata  of 
the  sea  and  ita  whales. 

j^j£.  gharm,  A  mulct. 

VtjS.  (pi.  of  *£yi)»  Creditors.    The  aggre- 
gate body  of  a  bankrupt's  creditors. 

^^y•Ji  ghurmUl,  Penis  crassior,  non  eir- 

enmoisoB.    Veretrmn  eqninam. 
^jji  ghurnh,  The  west.     Setting  (as 

ihe  sun).    <?\  jJl  ^i  \jjui^  ^^/^ 

^j0*aJ^\  l^^j£.^j\^]  f  And  I  meditated 

upon  some  means  of  gaining  an  entrance  into 
it.  The  close  of  the  day  and  the  setting  of 
the  sun  had  now  drawn  near. 

jjj£.  ffhurUr,   Pride,  haughtiness,  pre- 
sumption, yain-glory,  ranity.  Fallacy,  deceit. 

ibon  deceivest  him  whom  thon  seest,  he  whom 
thou  dost  not  see  will  deceire  thee. 

^^ji-  ghurHih  (pi.  of  ^Ji^  ghursh), 
Piastres  (valne  about  fid.).  [moon. 

XjC  ffhurrah,  The  first  day  of  the  new 

u^.j-^  gharib  (fern.  ^j-^)>  A  foreigner, 
a  stranger.    Exotic,  uncommon,  wonderful, 

admirable,  extraordinary.  k^^^\ 
^^^s^il^  (prorerb),  A  stranger  is  like 

a  blind  man.  ^^r^^j^  ^^  lJj^  ^^' 
har  It  amnoh  fharli.  It  appears  to  me  that  he 


is  a  foreigner. 


[•j^ 


^UU  L^^jiT^j  yd  lako  min  amrin  gha- 
rib wa  ^ajlh  Ul  ghayahf  Oh !  what  a  strange, 
and,  at  tiie  same  time,  wonderful  thing ! 

jlje>  gharlr,  Simple,  deceived,  inexpe- 
rienced.   A  raw  youth,  easily  imposed  upon. 

i^JjC^  gharliat,  Nature;  anything  agree- 
able to  nature. 

k^jij^  ghan%l,  Innate,  natural. 
^j^gharikj  Immersed,  drowned.  Sunk. 
MijC  gharim  (pi.  U^),  An  adversary. 

\^  gha%a  (or  ii\ji),  War,  battle,  an  ex- 
pedition against  infidels.    Victory,  any  heroic 

achievement.     i\jh  ghu%dt,  Warriors, 
''ers,  heroes,  champions. 


J> 


JUe  ghawSl,  A  young  deer  just  able  to 

walk.  A  fiiwn.  Ohtttud,  A  Tender  of  oottoo 
thread. 

ii\^  ghmdlat.  The  sun,  light,  rays;  es- 
pecially the  sun's  meridian  lustre. 

lf\jc  ghuMdf  Soldiers. 

ifjc  Ohamahy  Gaza,  in  Palestine,  fill} 
miles  from  JerusaleuL  It  was  an  entre^  f  h 
the  caravans  passing  betweon  Syria  and  Egrpi 
Man/,  soap.  Bitp,  16,000.  This  plsce  is  evi; 
mentioned  in  Scripture,  and  was  one  of  tit 
chief  cities  of  the  Philistines.  Gaza  prodiice 
dates  like  Mecca,  and  pomegranates  like  Algia> 

fj£  ghnar,  Being  plentiful,  aboasdio| 
(cattle  in  milk). 

jc.  ghoul.  An  ode,  an  epigram.  Fro 

perly  a  poem  on  the  subjects  of  love  andwint 
intennnied  with  moranty  and  satire,  ne^e 
exoeedinff  eighteen  distiehs,  nor  leu  than  tit*' 
the  last  une  of  each  couplet  ending  vith  6 
same  letter  in  which  the  fint  disticb  riip&a 
Qhazl,  Thread,  twist 

^je,  ghtaldn  (pi.  of  Jlji),  Gazelles.  Oi 

the  eastern  frontiers  of  Syria  are  seTenlplsn 
allotted  for  the  hunting  of  guellcs.  i^ 
places  are  called  moMyadeh.  They  oooEist  «| 
an  open  space  in  the  plain,  about  one  mile  tsi 
a  half  square,  inclosed  on  three  sides  by  a  ^i 
of  loose  stones,  too  high  for  the  gazelles  i 
leap  o?er.  In  different  parti  of  this  wail  ^p 
are  purposely  left,  and  near  eachgap  a  (U| 
diten  is  made,  on  the  outside.  Tne  'm\o^^ 
space  is  situated  near  some  riTulet  or  spnrj 
to  wfakh,  in  summer,  the  gaadles  nant 
When  the  hunting  is  to  bes^  many  pcaaul 
assemble,  and  watch  till  Suj  see  a  beni  j 
gazelles  advancing  from  a  mstance  toTar' 
the  indosure,  into  which  they  drive  th€B 
The  gazelles,  frightened  by  the  shoutiof  tbfl 
people,  and  the  discharge  of  firearms,  en^^^ 
vour  to  le^i  oyer  the  wall,  but  can  only  eiftj 
this  at  the  raw,  whore  they  fall  into  the  diu' 
outside,  and  are  easily  taken,  sometimtf  I 
hundreds.  The  chief  of  the  herd  alwayi  lea 
first,  the  others  follow  him  one  by  one.  T 
gazelles  thus  taken  are  immediatelr  killti 
and  their  flesh  is  sold  to  tiie  Arabs  and  towv 
people. 


^Jc  ghoMw,  Making  war,  fighting. 

c^ljji  ghiautwdtt  Holy  wars. 

^^Ji  ghaaawl,  Warlike,  heroic,  militir 

jj£  ghmlr  (fem.  ^Ji),  Copious,  pk 
"tifuL 

jUi  ghawdk,  The  horrible  sweat « 
putrefaction  which  is  to  exude  in  hell  fin 
the  bodies  of  the  damned. 

Jll^  ghati&l,  One  whose  houness  it 
to  wash  the  bodies  of  the  dead. 


(261) 


)U 


AJLi  gauciaht  A  washing  woman. 

ZiLi  ghmdkt,  Dirty  water  with  which 

anjthin^  has  been  washed. 

J^gha^md  ^j\L^,  Bark  (night). 


Gmi,  Tlie  darkoeas,  eapecially  at  the  begin- 
ning of  the  flight  just  alter  twilight. 

^^glmlf  Washing,  performing  ahla- 
tifrns.    To  wash  a  dead  body  canonically. 

Then  he  washed  hia  hands  and  thanked  them 
fof  tha;  and  the  master  of  the  house  then 
^d,  Thou  art  welcome,  and  thy  day  is  blessed ; 
▼hat  is  thy  name,  and  what  is  thy  profession  P 

^ms.  ghtuul.  Anything  naed  in  wash- 
is^  the  hands  (as  water,  soap,  eCo.). 
s}'^  gJuuHl  (fern.    ^LL^^f),  Washed, 

ashing. 

\J^  ghiih^  Deceiving,  dissembling,  using 

^  ^retenc».  Adulterating,  covering  oyer, 
(^konng.  Ohithy  Fraud,  vice,  treachery,  dis- 
amolatioa,  hatred. 

l^  gUiiha,  The  membrane  of  the  brain, 

^^  peiiGardinm.  The  coyering  of  a  sword, 
saddle,  etc.  [aight,  pnrblindness. 

h>Li  gkishdwai,  A  dimness  in  the  eye- 

»'^'^  ghoihanuham,  Intrepid,  steady, 
^ittTering,  constant,  obstinate,  stubborn, 
ii-li  ghathwat,  A  veil,  a  covering. 
^s^  glmhaydn,  A  fainting  fit. 
"r^  ghuh/fU,  Fainting,  swooning.  Ji 


ijW^ 


w*^^^'  \j^f  Then  he  recovered  his 
^ttitUid  he  looked  to  the  right  and  left; 
^  iiv  no  one  in  the  desert,  and  he  feared 
"T  hoaelf  on  account  of  the  wild  beasts. 

»-r-«  g^l,  Seizing  violently,  ravish- 
^-  lacting,  plundering ;  compelling  one  to 


^ghun,  A  branch,  of  a  tree. 

m 

sj^  i^addy  Casting  down  (the  eyes), 
fe/yi!ij»  (jjjg  yoice).    Checking,  prohibitaon : 

^  jAdoi,  Bage,  anger. 


oneself,   enduring  anything  dis- 


ghaddbuUah,  The  wrath  of  God* 

bigfkadabin,  In  a  rage.     jUuxil  l^ 
^J\Ja4^f   The  anger  of  lovers  is 
like  a  spring  rain.  \j\  ^^j^^  ^^y  ^ 

l^jct  J^\9   Then  we  will  bid   her 

farewell,  and  I  will  return  with  thee ;  for  I 
fear  that,  if  I  took  thee  and  went  without 
her  permission,  she  would  be  incensed  against 
me  ;  and  she  would  be  right. 

^Loi  ghadban  (fem.  ajL«di),  Enraged. 

^j^  gha^f  Detaining,  retaining,  keep- 
ing back  ( a  man) .  Qhadan  (pi.  }^y^  \ 
A  wrinkle,  a  plait,  a  fold.  \^y^  ^ 
Lli3ii,  In  the  mean  time,  then. 

jii^.  ghadanfar,  A  lion.     An  intrepid, 
strong  man ;  a  hero,  a  champion. 

L^y^  ghaduh,  Enraged,  choleric. 

Ike  ghitd  (pi.  ijlail),  A  covering,  a  veil. 

^jjwJai  ghats,  Plunging  or  throwing  (into 
water),  immersing  oneself.. 

j\as.  ghqffar,  One  who  pardons. 

^^jAS'  ghufran,  Pardon,  remission.    A-lc 

ii>!^!^  u;lr^^^  ^J^*  -^^y  ^^  ^^®®® 

and  pardon  all  his  sins. 

Jifi  ghafaly  Carlessness,  want  of  care  and 
circumspection,  want  of  yigilance,  negligence. 

iSsLs.  ghqflat  or  ghqflah,  Imprudence,  care- 
lessness, negligence,  indolence,  forgetfulness, 

inadvertence,  ilsic.  ghq/latan,  Impru- 
dently, incon8iderately,unexpectedly,  unawares, 
etc. 

j^  ghafur,  One  who  forgives,  Clement. 

i^AxS\  u-01,  The  most  merciful  God. 
J^  ghufal,  Neglecting,  neglect. 
J^i  ghafal,  Negligent,  careless. 
jJlz  ghafir,  Numerous,  many. 

jji  ghilh  Hatred,  malice,  envy,  malevo- 
lence, perfidy,  fraud,  treachery.  OhuUy  Ex- 
treme tbirst.  A  yoke  (for  oxen) ;  the  pillory 
(for  men) ;  a  collar  or  anything  put  round  the 
neck,  of  iron,  wood,  or  leather.  A  fetter,  a 
chain.  [want,  dearth. 

ic  ghddi  Being  dear,  precious.  Scarcity, 


r^ 


(ses) 


u« 


'SU  ffhaHdh,  Gonquering  often. 

CL^li  ffhaHat,  Com,  grain  in  general, 
all  sorts  of  grain. 

uJlc  ghUdf,  The  sheath  of  a  aword  or 
knife.    The  prepuee.    Cone,  corer,  lid. 

^J^lc  ghildzat,  Coarsenesa,  rudeness, 
clumsiness. 

/Xe>  ghiddm,  A  boy,  a  servant,  a  slave. 

u-^Jx  ghaih  or  ghalab,  Conqaering,  ex- 
celling.   Victory,  dominion. 

*J^  ghdldbat  or  <uLc  ghalahah,  Victory, 
conquest,  superiority,  power,  dominion.  Pre- 
ponaeraoce.  [harvest,  produce. 

^S^ghaUat  orghaJlah,  Com,  grain,  fruits, 
ili  ghiUat,  Thirst  very  strong.     Lj  j|^l 

v/^  ^i'^.'  ^jj^  j^  ^.v  c:>'> 

Or  an  affable  roan  whose  aspect  might  inspire 
me  with  confidence,  and  fmose  couTersation 
might  relieve  or  quench  my  thirst. 

iaii  ghalat,  An  error,  blunder,  solecism, 
barbarisuL  laUlb  3ti^Ada^,  By  mistake. 

Pardon  ^y  brother  if  he  is  quite  wrong  even 
in  insulting  thee,  (as  it  may  be  that)  he  hits 
thee  by  mistake. 

^dii ,  Galata,  a  suburb  of  Constantinople, 
on  the  N.  side  of  the  Golden  Horn.  It  is  in- 
closed by  walls,  which  have  numerous  gateways, 
shut  at  sunset  It  is  the  principal  seat  of  we 
foreini  trade  of  the  Turkish  capital,  and  is 
inhabited  mostly  by  European  Christians.  In 
it  is  the  custom-house  for  the  port  of  Con- 
stantinople. 

aIxIlc  ghalghalah,  A  noise  of  many  voices 
or  sounds  mixed. 

b.jui^^a&i/)Theprepuoe;  uncircumcised. 

^JLi  ghuifai,  The  prepuce. 

J^  ghalk,  Shutting  (a  door).  A  bolt, 
bar,  lock,  chain,  or  any  £utening  of  a  door. 


(^jr^f  ^0  one  keepeth  a  secret  but  a 

faithful  person :  with  the  best  of  mankind  it 
remainetb  concealed.  A  secret  is  with  me  aa 
in  a  house  with  a  lock,  the  key  of  which  is  lost 
and  th^  door  sealed. 

^Uii  ghUmdn  (pL  of  aIU),  Boys. 


^Jojy  UJ5tf  liU«j  e:^\  J>lj 

L^j  Uyuu^^  ClJkcS^j  IXgiiiCj  IjUIi 


he  found  within  the  house  a  grnt  giiden 
wherein  he  beheld  pages,  slaves,  sentsti, 
and  other  dependents,  and  such  things  as  did 
not  exist  elsewhere,  save  in  the  abodes  of  kings 
and  sultans.         ' 

^  ghaUahf  The  fruits  or  produce  of  agri- 
culture, com;  the  income  arising  from  ut 
property  in  mortmain  or  in  tail. 

^Jlc  ghah  (or  jjUii),  Boiling,  i-li 
ghalyatf  One  boiling  or  ebullition. 

h  j..l»j^    ghah»,    Grross,   rude,  rogg^. 


rough,  rustic,    ijjs^  J-^^  ^^^f 
S-^]^l  ^j\^  \J^  C^^  i^ 

And  I  found  the  root  of  a  large  tree,  sroimd 
which  I  dug,  and  as  I  was  rei      '      ' 
from  it  (the  root),  the  axe 


ring  of 


JJ^  ghahl,  Thirsty,  one  who  has  the 
greatest  thirst.    J--.^  <— ^/^  \j^ 

m  I 

J-U!i;^U,^^  JJjJl,  Shehadeyes 

as  though  they  were  bordered  witii  coUp^^ 
heavy  hips,  and  slender  waist.  She  was  sucb 
as  would  cure  the  malady  of  the  sick,  and  ex- 
tinguish the  fire  of  the  thirsty. 

I»x  gham,  Grief,  affliction,  anxiety,  dis- 
tress, care,  solicitude,  sorrow,  sadness,  tngaislii 

melancholy,  e^/j  ^y  ^jJ  ^. 
<uLj\  ^  iS^^  LJ  iFjju  ^^  CAJ' 


JjJu£Jl^tj  ^\y  Ji\,  And  he  had 

not  been  blessed  with  a  male  ohiM  to  inherit 
the  kingdom  after  him,  as  he  had  inherited  it 
fix>m  hiB  fathers  and  foreiathen ;  so  this  suu 
of  things  caused  him  the  utmost  grief,  the 
greatest  anxiety,  and  the  most  violent  vexaUun. 

jU^  ghammd%,  An  informer,  accuser,  de- 
tractor, sycophant,  tale-bearer. 

^\i  ghimdmat,  Clouds  over^reading  the 
sky.   Jijjstj  {^>*Jl£>^  (^/M^b  V;V 

Afld 


JuUc  ^jM^Jii]  ^^^  'U-  ^j 


Jf- 


(263) 


I  fon  wu  hidden,  and  the  sky  became 
dtrk,  and  the  ran  wu  TeQed  from  me ;  I 
therefeie  imignud  that  a  doiid  had  come  oyer 

the  SDL 

•x^^iARi,  Sheathing  (a  sword).  w«jsr]t 
^  \}  u^  ^  yajma^  tayfdni  ft 

m 

;kadu,Two  Bwoida  cannot  be  in  one  sheath. 
^.^jW,  (Water)  corering,  oyerflowing. 

ijtfhmni,  A  great  body  of  water ;  a 
^ioripooL  Advenity,  misfortane. 

^i^/Aan^Makiog  a  sign  (with  the  eye). 

i/Shmut,  A  wink  or  signal  with  the 
^;  ID  tnorooi  gianee. 
j^lhmir  (pL  of^),  Whirlpools. 
*^ShmiM  (pL  of  4x),' Cares. 
^fh^y  Fainting,  swooning. 

m 

•^jkindf  A  song. 

^^  Slmapm  (pL  of  ^U^if),   Spoils, 

^y^'(or-p.Li),Theamoroas  glance, 

?nafiil  vilkfOr  alluring  air  of  a  lorely  woman. 
ti^Skmumy  Sheep,  cattle,  a  flock. 

j^^AMa*,  Sufficiency,  comfortable  cir- 
'aungtsnoes,  riches,  richness,  wealth. 

^/^t   0  then  who  lookest  upon 

y^^  H  if  it  were  a  di^raoe,  wilt  thon  not 
^  idnomdifld  ?  The  dia^paoe  of  wealth  ii 
|^^*^f  if  thon  takeat  it  into  consideration. 
TsoQ  vilt  peraeiTe  ^nat  poverty  has  an  im- 
aa«  adfmtage  and  superiority  over  wealth, 
^l^diiDbejest  God  to  become  rich,  whilst 
^  ^  aerer  £aobey  God  to  become  poor. 

^  ^Aoa,  Rich,  copious,  abundant. 

^^fhrnamai.  Plunder,  booty,  spoil, 
^.  Alnndanoe,  wealti^  plenty,  afflaenoe 


^y^^modnl  (pi.  of  ZjU),  Singers. 

i/VlWdyf7(pl.  of  i!jli),Mi8fortunes. 
^  antes  of  anxiety  or  pre-ooenpation. 

,:«^fWf,I)epth,profundity,low  ground. 
^  pbia,  a  ▼•]]«« ;  whenoe  Phcenicia  and  a 

P^'^'^iiMe  ia  Anna. 


^^yi.  ghawi^  Diving,   plunging  under 

water  to  brin?  anything  np.  Stadying  any 
snlijeGt  to  the  bottom. 

iiffys,  ghatat,  Soft  ground,  planted,  and 
well  watered.    The  country  round  Damascus. 

li^  ghawffhd,  A  noise,  cry,  tumult,  cla- 
mour, contest,  squabble,  quarrel,  debate. 

J^  gh€Ll,  An  imaginary  sylvan  demon, 

A  gorilla. 
f^^  ffhawa*,  Seducing,  deceiving. 

^ghaify  Erring,  straying,  beiogdeceived. 
(.^Li^^ydi,  Absenoe.  L.j^-^f^  ^  IfJ  Ui 

UL^  ^\  f\A\  h^  J^  }i\:J^s^y\ 

(•U  ^\  ^  J>1  sAz  c:^lf ,  They 

(fem.  pi.)  therefore  asked  her  respecting  the 
cause  of  nis  sickness ;  and  she  answered  them, 
Its  cause  was  our  absence  from  him,  and  our 
learing  him  desolate ;  for  these  days,  daring 
which  we  were  absent  from  him,  were  to  him 
longer  than  a  thousand  yean. 

i.l;Li  ghiffds,  Assbtance,  succours.  Sup- 
port, prop. 

i__-  ^-  ^-  ghayh^  Absence,  invisibility, 
mystery,  anything  in  the  womb  of  futurity. 
Being  absent,  etc. 

^^  ghaylat,  Absence.    d>^.A^«M7  Jtij 

JjUs^  «<m*a3^  hoAJL^t  I  was  restless 

on  account  of  her  absence;  sleep  could  not 
oTeroome  my  anxiety ;  my  eyes,  however,  were 
closed,  but  my  spirit  was  awake. 

Ju  j^  ghayhubtU,  Absence. 

^^^ghayhly  Concealed,  invisible,  f ature, 
fittal,  heaTenly,  divine. 

cl*^  ghayif  Bain. 

ghayr.  No,  not;    except.    Beside. 

Another,  diiferent  ThU  word  before  any 
at^'eetive  hat  the  eame  primatwe  effect  at  the 

fgllahles  un,  m,  dis,  etc.  ^Is^^^, 
Insincere,  impure,  ^^jt^p  Besides 
that  Although,  notwithstanding,  j^ 
jSU>,  IllegaL  c^U^  J^,  An  un- 
worthy action.  J.^1^^,  Imperfect. 
L^^::^*^, Unexpected.  i^jUcl/^^, 
Unequal.    yC^^j^,  Unfhiitful.     .  ' 


(264) 


C 


u 


Jjfc^,  TTnuBualy  eztraordinaiy. 
(^^M,  TJnconqnered.  *xJutj^,  Use- 
less.    Juiu^,  Not  far  distant. 

f^]j^  ghayrdn,  Jealous  of  honour,  mag- 
nanimous,  zealoiu ;  tobejealous,  to  be  zealous. 

ij^i^  ghyratf  Jealousy,  envy;  a  nice 

sense  of  honour,  magnanimity,  courage,  gene- 
rosity of  mind ;  emuEition,  seal.  To  be  jetuous. 

\j\  ^\)\  il^  U  yflJ\  ^^  Li5l\ 
^laA^li  AfJ)  ^ji  j\^li  \,xJ^  (juskJI 

J  Jill  j^j  Lad!  ^^^1,    We    were 

jealous  even  of  the  zephyrs  which  passed  orer 
you ;  but  when  the  divine  decree  is  uttered  the 
eye  becomes  blind!  What  resource  has  the 
archer  when,  in  meeting  the  enemy,  he  de- 
sireth  to  discharge  the  arrow,  but  findeth  his 
bow-string  broken?  And  when  adTernties 
are  multiplied  upon  man,  where  shall  he  find 
refuge  from  fate  and  firom  destiny  ? 

U^  ghayruhdf  ft^ji^t  ^r*^  (comp.  of 
j^  and  the  affixed  pronouns,  and  some- 
times preceded  hy  j,  as  Xjbj^^y  etc.). 
And  the  others,  the  rest,  the  abore-mentioned. 

^  J^^  JbjJb  i}-^*>^\^  ^ji^^  c:^Jil^ 
^L:^  l^Jarwlj,  I  have  resolved  to  take 

jewels,  consisting  of  jacinths  and  other  pre- 
cious stones,  and  convey  a  present  befitting 
him,  and  demand  her  of  him  in  marriage. 

5^-^^iLaill^  L^ill  J  Vv.^' cT- 

He  filled  the  seven  palaces  with  every  kind  of 
magnificent  fumitiu'e  of  silk,  and  vessels  of 
gold  and  silver,  and  utensils  of  every  kind 
and  variety  that  kings  could  reouire,  and 
commanded  his  daughter  to  reside  in  each 
palace  for  a  certain  space  of  time  in  the 
year,  and  then  to  remove  to  another  of  them, 

^j  .  cy>;.^Uir  ^  ^)\  JUj 

*  ^   '  ts  LS  «^ti>y  ^ ,  I  ask  the  wind 


respecting  you,  whenever  it  bloweth,  asd  ii<n 
but  you  ever  oocurreth  to  my  nund. 

ghaytf  Anger,  wrath.    iMt^J^ll 

kasi  mtfl-ifhayZf  One  who  subdues  his  nflsj 

anger.    JU^  ^iS  CSSaA  ^^  UJ 
ij  ^^  ^dic  Jl^j  \  Ju  J^  lljui  tbi 


And  when  the  king  heard  the  words  of  Salel 
he  was  violentiy  enraged;  his  reaaon  almoj 
departed,  and  his  soul  almost  quitted  his  bod) 

jf^ghaym  (col,  oiij^  ghaymat),  Cloudj 

i^y^ghuyuh  (pi.  of  (.-.^)»  Innaibl^ 

ji^ac  ghayyUr,  Jealous  in  point  of  lot 
or  honour,  high-minded.    Zealous. 


4^  /a.   The  twentieth  letter  of  t^ 

Arabic  alphabet,  expressing  80  in  arithmet 
and,  in  almanacs,  the  moon  in  her  altitude. 

^\3  fatih,  A  conqueror.       ila^li  {\ 

^f  J),The  beginning,  exordium,  coii 

*  mencement.    Opening.   Introduction,  prem 

dfi^U  fdtihah,  The  opening  diapter 
the  Eur*  an,  generally  used  as  the  condadii 
prayer  at  devotions,  and  repeated  over  peopI< 
graves.  It  is  with  Mussulmans  like  the  /#• 
Ifoster  vrith  Christiana. 

J\3fdtir,  Weak,  languid,  remiss.  Tepi 
lukewarm  water. 

(JioU  fdtik,  Intrepid,  strong.  A  robbi! 

^U/a^tn,  A  tempter,  aprover,aseduc 
from  rectitude. 

I 

j>-\ifdjtr  (fem.  ij>-\i),  Insolent,    i 
adulterer,  a  fornicator. 

(jAk^-li  fdhM,  Shameful,  base,  meg 
diahonest,  wicked,  obeoene,  impudent ;  eol 
XDous,  exceeding  bounds  (in  anything  ba^ 
ugly,  defonned.  [nable  cnl 

iiM^\i  fdhishaif  A  whore.  An  aboii 
^^^^a>-\i  fdhis,  An  examiner.      ^^ 

L^^\,  (God)  the  searcher  of  heaii 
^c^li/aMtr,  Precious,  valuable,  excelle 

honourable,diatingui8hed.  iy^\i  ial^ 


A  rich  dress  presented  by  Eastern  ptinoM 
those  whom  tney  mean  to  honour. 


.u 


(265) 


W 


li 


;liy^,  ICse.  jU/bt,  PogitiTe.     Sj\i 
/«<  A  fanile  moaae. 

{jiijifirii,  Eoneman,  a  caraliar.  i<-^^t 
Feniu,  Penie.  t^\j    J\  J^^  UJj 

vfaa  beairifedst  the  gate  of  the  palace,he  saw 
tiie  nn  of  hk  oncie,  hu  relations  and  tribe,  and 
T.^  neo,  who  were  more  than  a  thouBand 
iaoMa,  eoYcred  with  iron,  and  with  coati 
•A  Ettil  pat  one  orer  another,  and  having  in 
*Jdr  liadi  spcBB  and  bright  swords. 

irj^/^,  hakrjarit,  or  ^^jsi\^^^  hahr- 

t^'fm,  Hie  Peisian  Gnlf.  The  Persian  Gulf 
vas  tiie  CQitTB  of  the  most  extensive  com- 
ceite  of  ^  sndent  Eastern  world*  This 
c^Asote  extaided  itself  from  India  to  Enrope 
t^jtk£Dphiatesand  Palmyra,  and  the  Per- 
B&  Golf  vss  tile  principal  point  of  onion. 
It  was  ia  this  Golf  that  the  Tynans  carried  on 
I  f^aiduag  trade  from  the  most  remote  ages, 
i£J  tt  ules  of  Tttos  and  Arados  are  suffi- 
cdt  proofr  of  tne  settlements  they  made 
^  Solomon  sought  the  alliance  of  the 
Tfraia:  be  itood  in  need  of  their  pilots  to 
rile  hii  venek  to  those  places  which  they 
^^j  frequented,  and  to  which  they  re- 
pBred  from  their  port  of  Phcenicnm  Oppidnm 
'« tlie  Bed  Sea.  It  was  with  a  view  of  com- 
nsiaibg  witii  the  Persian  Gulf  by  a 
^imer  or  more  secore  route  that  Solomon — 
t^gnstyWiie,  and  commercial  prince — ^turned 
l^itteotioo  towards  the  Euphrates  (on  which 
*  fitoated  HosD-jaber,  or  the  Ezion-jeber  of 
U  Bible,  which  was  beliered  to  be  a  sea-port  of 
'-^  Bed  Sea,  bat  which  the  author  disooTered 
i^beioitead  a  port  for  the  Euphrates'  navi- 
P^  to  the  Persian  Gulf),  and  carried  his 
csi  to  Palmyra,  which  is  so  remote  from  the 
^'^^suy  Units  of  Judea.  He  built  strong 
'3^  there  to  leeoie  himself  in  the  possession 
A  Tadao,  which  signifies  the  Place  of  Palm- 
^  Pilnma  must,  from  that  period,  have 
^^^^maiderable  city.  If  after  the  reign  of 
^^fttoQ  Ae  Assyrians  of  Nineveh  turned 
ttsriabitioaB  views  towards  Chaldea  and 
«>*^  part  of  the  Euphrates,  it  was  with 
ttauatioa  to  approach  that  great  source  of 
2«««-the  Persian  Gulf.  If  Babylon, 
■^bdigthe  vassal  of  Kiseveh,  in  a  short 
OattKoae  her  rival,  and  the  seat  of  a  new 
^ijn,  it  vai  because  her  situation  rendered 
^  ^  eoponnm  of  this  lucrative  trade ;  in 
^  if  the  kings  of  Babylon  waged  perpetual 
'«n  vith  Jensalem  and  Tyre,  their  object 
ttfooi  only  to  deq;K>il  those  cities  of  their 
ncaes,  hot  to  prevent  them  Invading  their 
^"SBcnehjtfaewayoftheBed  Sea.    Here 


let  the  ministers  of  Hia  lomerial  Mijesty  the 
Sultan  open  their  eyes ;  for  if  they  do  not 
secure  the  natural  course  of  the  commerce  of 
Europe  with  India  by  a  railway  through  the 
Euphrates  Valley,  now  that  the  Suez  Canal  is 
open,  in  a  few  years  all  the  towns  of  North 
Syria  will  be  deserted  and  ruined,  and  travel- 
lers will  then  show  their  sites,  saying.  Here 
existed  Aleppo,  and  here  existed  Uama  and 
Homs ;  as  tney  say  now,  Here  existed  Ghalcis, 
here  existed  Seleucea,  and  here  was  once 
Ceesarea  and  Cana  of  Galilee. — ^Extract  from 
**The  Syro-Mesopotamian  Railway.'* 

l^jM  farigh,  Empty.     ^j\i  1  JJJh  (•1^31 

alkalam  hakasa  farigh^  It  is  idle  (absurd)  to 
speak  thus. 

jjli  fariky  Disoeming,  distinguishiiig, 
deciding.    One  who  discerns,  etc. 

iaJj^U    Faraldlt,   The  Comforter  (the 
Holy  Ghost).  [sort  of  treacle. 

J^j\i/anih  (or  jjjU  J^iy),  The  best 
9j\i  fdrah  (pi.  ^\jii),  A  mouse. 
{jM\ifd8,  A  hatchet,  an  axe. 

^jjj  fu,  Fez,  A  city  of  Morocco,  Africa, 

situate  about  85  miles  to  the  S.  of  the  Mediter- 
ranean. It  was  built  in  793,  by  a  prince  of 
the  name  of  Edris,  and  soon  became  the  chief 
aty  of  all  the  western  Mahometan  states,  dis- 
tinguished both  as  a  school  of  learning  and  as 
a  resort  of  religion.  It  is  situate  in  the  hol- 
low part  of  a  vaUey,  and  the  gardens,  orchards, 
and  orange-groves  seen  around  it,  form  a  most 
delightfiu  amphitheatre.  On  a  height  above 
the  rest  of  the  city  stands  New  Fez,  founded 
in  the  13th  century,  and  forming  a  well-built 
town,  surrounded  by  beautiful  gardens,  and, 
by  its  situation,  commanding  the  old.  It  is 
cniefly  inhabited  by  Jews.  The  finest  edifice 
is  the  mosque  El  Caroubin,  built  during  the 
most  flourishing  period  of  Fez,  with  300  pil- 
lars, and  numerous  fountains.  It  has  alio  a 
tower  containing  globes  and  astronomical  in- 
struments. The  city  contains  many  caravan- 
saries, or  inns,  called  fondaques,  which  are 
tolerably  convenient.  They  are  two  or  three 
stories  high,  with  galleries  towards  the  court, 
which  is  always  in  the  centre,  and  by  which 
Ught  is  admitted  into  the  apartments.  The 
principal  houses  have  cisterns  under  them; 
They  nave  also  flat  and  terraced  roofi^  ele- 
ganUy  constructed,  on  which  carpets  are  spread 
for  their  inhabitants  to  enjoy  the  coolness  of 
evening.  All  the  magnificence  is  in  the  in- 
terior. The  hospitals,  once  numerous,  have 
now  in  a  neat  measure  fallen  to  decay.  The 
shops  make  no  handsome  appearance,  and 
should  rather  be  called  stalls;  there  being 
just  room  for  a  sedentarv  Moor,  who  never 
stirs,  but  has  his  baskets  neaped  around  him. 
The  markets  are  much  crowded,  being  the  re- 
sort of  all  the  wandering  Arabs,  who  here 
pnrchue   their   foreign   and    manufactured 


.\i 


(266) 


C/\i 


articles.  Man/,  Morocco  leather,  carpetB, 
silks,  woollens,  jewelry,  earthenware,  and 
saddlerj.  I^.  estimated  at  80,000,  bat  is  not 
now  supposed  to  contain  more  than  40,000. 

Xfl*.  84*  6' r  N.  zon.  6"  rirw. 

^li  fdtikhf  part.  Diflsolving,  breakiDg, 
Dnrsting,  cormpting.    A  yiolator. 

i^nsAj  f&sikhiyat,  Bissolvableness. 

(Xrfli  fdM,  Yicious,  corrapted,  perverse. 

^^*^\a  foMiyai,  Comiptness. 

fjJ<i  fOiikf  A  scoundrel,  a  prevaricator. 

^^\if(5i8h,  Manifest,  clear,  public.  That 
which  has  transpired,  oozed  out,  got  wind. 

^li  faahl,  Divulged,  diffused,  made 
**  known,  propagated,  multiplied, 

J-tfli  /fiM7,  Separating,  distinguishing, 
discerning  the  difference,  deciding.  A  separa^ 
tor.  Any  thine  separating  one  from  another, 
distinguishing  between  the  true  and  false  re- 
ligion. The  end  of  a  verse  or  period  in  the 
Aloonm ;  ako  the  find  of  a  poetic  distich. 

J^li    fadU  (fern.   JlLpU),   1^r«olL».t 


And  when  the  kine  heard  his  words,  he  laughed 
so  in  derision  of  Mm  that  he  fell  backwards, 
and  said  to  him :  0  my  grie^  0*  my  affliction, 
0  Saleh,  I  used  to  think  thee  a  man  of  good 
sense,  and  an  excellent  youtii,  who  attempted 
not  aught  but  what  was  rights  and  utterednot 
aught  out  what  was  just. 

^li  falir,  The  Creator,  Maker,  God. 

^Jo\ifat%n,  Intelligent,  penetrating. 

Jis^U  fd^,  part.  Making.  An  agent. 
Maker,  doer.  The  participle  active. 
j\s^^  Jfili^Afij,  Divine  predestina- 
tion. ^\i,  Effective,  efficient,  ile, 
a-lcli.  An  efficient  cause.   JiiUll^l, 

In  grammar,  noun  denoting  the  agent. 

i^AsSifd^iyahf  Efficacy,  efficaciousness, 

efficiency.     ^U^kc  ^JlcU  4l  \mSi\  1  jjh 
hazaddatca   ioAu  fa^iyah    \azlmah^    This 

medicine  has  great  efficacy.    ^}^a^ 


kalamikafaiiliyah  ^MimaA,  Your  word*  hj 
produced  the  best  impression. 

iiU/aAa^,  Poverty,  necessity.  j-^l| 

<^li^  XjAij  ^lp^\  ^,  TheKlj 

leefeh,  when  he  heard  his  redtation,  said 
Jaafar,  Obsenre  this  poor  man,  and  coBaj 
these  verses;  for  they  indicate  hisneoes^ 
want,  and  indigence. 

^^J\3fdkiriyah,  The  faculty  of  thinkij 

Pre-occupation  of  the  mind,    ^t  ^ 

^^UIl  ij\k)  \jj^  hanLdl  khdbar  Mj 

rana  higKayai  ulfakiriyah^  This  neirs  cxi 
us  a  great  pre-occupation  of  mind. 

i^\3  fdkihat  (pi.  6^\^\  Emit.    Sy 
produces  every  kind  of  fruit,  especislly 

following :  ^j»*^^  jahas,  or  >Lj  & 
iikh.  Water-melon.  jLc\  :^  ha^ 
oifa/r,  The  yellow  melon.  J^  J 
Banana.  ^J^j  rwnmdn^  Pomegrana 
-II;  tuffdh^  Apple.  4^/u^  hmd 
or  ^j^s^  ii/^d%y  Pear,  i^/^  w/ 
jai,y  Quince.  \JujJL^  mtwAmtMA,  A 

cot.    ^^5^0  d%rrdkin^  Peach  ( 
in  Egypt  ^^  khokh),     ^  tin,  F 

JifA>>- jummeyz,  Sycamore-fig. 
^onab,  grape.  ^\^\  lydt,  Plu 
t->ux  ^nndh,  Jujube.  J^/»i  ^ 
nut.  jji  losLf  Almond,  jxj  htmd\ 
Hazel-nut     Ji^  fwiuk,  Pistach 

nut.  ^^ji  hurtakdn,  Orange.  ^ 
ndrinff,  Seville-orange.  ^  ^y 
hmun  halu,  Sweet-Lemon.  ^^ 
^^U-  ftmfin  hdmid,  lime. 
kahbdd,  Citron.     iZJy  ini,  Mnlber 

UJriJ  *^^^^9  Olive.  ^^  4,,,^.ni  hi 

sukkar,  Sugar-cane,  etc.,  etc.     Tn]i 

Saida,  and  Jaffa  produce  the  bestoranges  in  I 
world;  Beirut,  figs  Hke  those  of  Maneiil 
Saida,  bananas  not  inferior  to  those  of 
Domingo;  Aleppo  enjoys  the exdusiTeadn 


u^ 


•u 


(267) 


t^ 


tage  of  prodiMtBg  putaehios,  and  Danuttciu 
n»j  boHts  of  poMsmig  all  the  fruits  known. 
iToif  sorti  of  apiiootB  are  reckoned  there, 
tbe  itoBe  of  one  of  which  oontaini  a  kernel 
bigUj  nined  tbroqgh  all  Turkey. 

^uU)l  i4\ifikihat «/  iAti20/cl,  The  fruit 

of  tlteKbalik  This  is  the  title  of  an  excel- 
kat  mnl  wwk  written  hy  the  oelehrated  Ihn 
Anbibh.  Hub  woriL  is  much  esteemed  hy 
tbelonii  vorid  in  general,  and  hy  the  AraM 
a  pattolir,  ai  it  is  free  and  exempted  from 
Ibi  fsal  mnriamnation  of  works  of  amuse- 
□£at  01  Mmt  of  the  moral  lessons  which 

j'i/s(in  omen,  an  n^giny,  presage. 

EBdactmeat,  necromancy.  Anytiitaig  taken 
MSB ooea,  psrticQlarly  in  the  nature  of  liie 

Soitsi  Virgilians.      JU!\  J^  faOmd 

f^hmntaj  one  of  certain  books,  and 
t«^  &  int  won!  of  tiie  page  as  an  augury ; 
vto  ae  iBj  other  kind  of  augury. 

f^Mif  The  palsy,  paralysia. 
]}lfiiik,  SpUtting.     Creating. 


*<j/MMid,  Bat  as  for.   ^^yx^lu^JJ[ 

^j  Ji^^jit  J  U\  UU IL;  4! ,  Joseph 
Nfafor  hiaiadf  a  house ;  as  for  me,  I  cannot 


^^/oaiis,  The  ancient  Apamea.  This 
f-ttt  fif  fonnsrir  one  of  the  most  celebrated 
"Bittof  Sjrit.  It  was  there  that  the  Seleu- 
V  bid  established  the  school  and  nursery  of 
uO'aTilij.  The  soil  of  the  neighbourhood, 
^^*^ag  in  pasturage,  fed  no  less  than  thirty 
r^^^  °>>n>i  three  thoneand  stallions,  and 
fct^NBsad  eknhants ;  but  now  the  manhes 
«  rtnia  teaieefy  affoid  sufficient  pasturage 
b  I  fev  bofUoes  and  ^eep.  [thorn. 

rf'^finui,  A  pharoB,  lightbonae,  lan- 
f^^si,  Pndl,  transitory,  inconstant 
f''  fiyik  (fern.  IsrM),  Biffoaing 
^.  (PL  ^y),  Fragrance,  perfume. 
^^  f^jfidat,  or  faytdah,  Profit,  gain, 
«%,  adFsntage.    ^^^^i*iS6^\ 

^  <r*  ^fi'*dah  yakun  ti  mm  haad, 
j^«^  adTaotBge  will  that  be  to  me  P 

'^  A'v,  Overtaking,  obtaining  with 

**"*•  OTercoming.  j^\ij\3fdta 
He  obtained  the  Tiotory  with  great 


^^fiffid,  Aboadant,  overflowing, 
>fti€nt,  ezobeiant,  exoeUent.  ^\i 
)y'\  Lamixioas. 


^U  fSiifik,  Saperior,  super-excellent 
^juAi\^^\ifSLffikultabl^ah,  Sapematu- 

ral.  Ss\  ^\i  fayik  mI  had,  Immense. 
4jjU  fdyikiyah,  Saper-excellenoy. 
^U^f.  Ziiili  ^  r^\  ^«3Jb  Aoxd/  amr 
lahufdykiyah  ^folmaht  This  thing  has 
a  great  saperiority.     ^  ^UiSt  l«3Jb 

moMh  lahufayikiffot  lazimah  fjUa*  kumathak. 
This  stuff  or  doth  has  a  great  superiority  oyer 

your  cloth.  ^  ^^  ^^  ^  c:^l^^ 
♦  ^li  c-^j|^  ♦/\^  jSft  CL>U  *  JUfll^, 

And  he  had  a  daughter  of  sniprising  beaoly 
and  loTeliness,  surpassine  in  elegance  and  in 
CTery  grace,  endowed  with  abundant  sense  and 
eminent  polite  accomplishments. 

JjU  fHyilf  Two  veins  in  the  thighs. 
The  flesh  of  the  side,  or  hollow  part  of  the  hip. 

(JL^  faU,  Breaking,  crumbling. 

iZj\sj  Jutdt,  A  crumb,  a  fragment 

^^faitdh,  A  conqueror,  a  judge.  God 
the  opener  of  the  means  of  welfiffe. 

^\ii  fattdsh,  An  exact  inquirer. 

^Ii5  fattdihy  JLfflii  fattdihat,  A  rocket. 
A  sky-rocket 

Cfci  fidtdh  (pi.  of  Cl<;li),  Those  who 

murder  by  surprise;  those  who  attack  un- 
awares, and  treacherously  destroy  another. 

^ycAfattdly  A  rope-maker. 

^Jc3  /0^^ii,Maliciou8,Tillanous,  &ctious, 
seditious.  [matches. 

J!\i3  fiOdyU    (pi.  of  ZLii),    Wicks, 
AJvi  futiat,  Anything  crumbled. 

^  fath,  An  opening,  aperture.  Victory, 
conquest,  the  taking  of  a  city  (or 
^[flsai),  The  Arabian  vowel  Eat-ha  {^). 

To  open  a  door.  4^1^  \^\j  J-J  A}f  J 
U\  Jii  u^w«j   is^\,  Then  he 


kissed  her  head,  and  lus  heart  was  comforted, 
and  his  bosom  became  dilatsd,  as  he  had  been  in 
fear  of  his  sister  on  account  of  his  baring 
opened  the  door. 


\J 


(268) 


l^ 


jii  JUr,    The    distance    between    the 
stretched-ont  tips  of  the  thumb  and  fisger. 

5/i  JUrat  (pi.  vl^'l/i),  Languor,  de- 
bility, relaxation,  remiflsion,  intermission.  An 
interregnnm,  an  interval  of  time  between  two 
apostles  or  prophets. 

Jh^   fatak,   Being   plentiful  (season). 

Aurora,  the  dawn.  Being  open,  large,  patent. 
Fatk^  Opening,  loosing;  breaking,  sputting, 
bursting  (as  sewing). 

u.xJ  fatk,  Attacking  unawares,  and 
treacherously  destroying  another. 

J:^  fatl,  Spinning,  twisting  a  rope. 

fj^  fain,  Tempting,  throwing  tempta- 
tions in  the  way.  Exciting  sedition.  Seducing. 
Making  mad  (as  a  woman  her  loTer). 

i^JUnat  (pi.  ^J^)i  Sedition,  insurrec- 
tion, tumult,  mutiny,  discord,  disturbance,  re- 
bellion. Treachery,  fraud,  perfidy,  viUany, 
knavery.  A  crime,  wickedness.  Temptation, 
seduction,  anything  diverting  a  man  from  his 

duty.   Joc^aJI  uiUl  ^\  ^^  Uii 

\j\  1\  WjlUll  U,    l».l,  And  when 

he  heard  that  the  Idnff  Essemendel  had  been 
seized,  he  turned  his  back  in  flight,  fearing 
for  himself,  and  said  in  his  heart,  Verily  this 
disturbance  originated  on  my  account,  and 
none  is  the  object  of  search  but  myself. 

\tpj  for  (jTjli /a^tra',  A  judicial  or  reli- 
gious decree  (pronounced  by  a  Mufti).  A 
legal  opinion  delivered  by  tne  proper  legal 
functionary  (the  Mufti)  upon  any  supposed 
case  submittea  to  him. 

^fj    fatah,    Having    open    eyelids. 

Fuiuh  (or  c:^l».jii),  Yictories,  con- 
quests, taking  of  towns. 

jf3  fiitur,  Weakness^  languor,  debility* 
j^  faU^,  A  youth,  a  boy. 
A:uii  fatita,  A  dish  of  the  desert,  consist- 


ing of  an  unleavened  paste  of  flour  and  water, 
and  mixed  up  with  a  little  butter. 

iJ^  faiil,  A  match  for  a  cannon  or 
lamp,  a  linstock,  a  candle-wick.    A  tent  for 

wounds.    iJuii  (pi.  Ji^)^  A  match. 

f  fyV>  Unripe  fruit. 

\sf  fafd  and  if'ls^.  Happening  unex- 
pectedly; rushing  upon  and  destroying  un- 


^(fuU,   An   unforeseen  icdds 
Suddenly,  unexpectedly. 

^  W  jy'aj,  Open  and  easy  (a  way  1 
tween  mountains). 

i>-\jsf  fiifdjat,  Crudity,  rawness. 

t  I 

^^^<s?  fuj&yi,  Unforeseen,  oasaaL 

jS^  fajW^    The  crepuade,   the  da^ 

jsr\  (w^jy  Early  in  the  mornil 

jsr!  v.^j^>  The  morning  star,  j 

c^ol^>^-ikdsa,  The  fidse  daybre 
after  which  darkness  is  said  to  fall  i^ 

J  jUj^  fijr-sadih.  The  true  da^ 
the  break  of  day.    ^\ju  -dJ\  liy 

We  prayed  to  Ood  and  entreated  him, 
the  wind  did  not  cease  blowing  with 
greatest  violence,  and  the  waves  agiti 
till  day-break ;  then  the  wind  ceased,  t)M 
became  calm,  and  afterwards  the  son  aros 

JjB?  Jujl  (or  ^lLc*),  a  radish. 

jygf  fajnr,   Very  wicked,    adulterj 

Fi0ur,  Deviation,  wickedness,  adultery, 
luxury,    lying,  viUaDy,    impiety,    dcpn* 
corruption.  [course  or  ad 

fahsh,  Obscenity,  shameful 

fahs,  Examination,  inFestigat 
inquiry. 
(JLi\Jl^  fahshi^&t,  Obscenities. 

J^  fM,  Any  male  animal  (a  stalli 
A  man  distinguiihed  for  learning. 

j^  fahtn,  Charcoal,     f^j^  ^  J 
hqfartf  Coal. 

\^  and   J^  fahwc^f   Signified 
sense,  meaning,  argument,  seope. 

fj^fuhiil  (pi.  of  J^),  Males,  stall 

'J  fdkhf  A,  gin,  noose,  square. 

.li^  fakhdr,    Glory.     ^l«?  fakhl 
Potter's  clay,  earthenware.  [ 

i^jUr  fakhkhdrif  A  Tender  of  eart 

Ai^  fikham  (pi.  of  A^  /Mam). 
very  high  in  rank  and  station* 


y 


(269) 


!/ 


liJ^  faihamai,    Exalted    rank    and 

station.  ^:^[sf  fakhdmaUn  {Arabo- 

Turkish  used  in  irabicV  The  exalted  in  rank 
and  station  (Beoond  title  of  the  Orand  Vizir, 
to  whom  Europe  accords  the  princely  title  of 


^  ftkkd,  The  thigh. 

jsf  f^^  Glory,  ornament,  grace,  no- 

bflity.  4aX*^iajl>|^1^,The 
omaine&tof  the  Christian  princes.  jS? 

^iLdlljj^UlIK  The  most  illnstrioas 

asogst  the  nobles. 

^fs!  fiUkiff  Yery  vain,  proud,  vain- 

giffiNB. 

»^fiiiMm,  Great.     Yery  high  in  rank 

'  scd  station.    (The  feminine  ia  the  title  given 

U)  all  Esropean   States   in   distinction   to 

UiMiyi,  The  very  exalted,  assumed 

for  Turkej  alone. 

^Mfoi&y  A  saerifice,  consecration,   de- 

Totiiig  one  for  another,  redemption,  ransom. 

'■aiil^t  ^^Si\  oUc  ^y^\  cKUll 

''O-^-.^ltf  at  malih  al  mvofffad 

mUediin  AMfida  aoMb  Soma,  Abolfeda, 
Pnaceof  Hama,  in  Syria,  bom  in  672  (No- 
^ber,  1278),  and  died  in  732  (October  26, 
1231).  This  prince  wrote  both  poetry  and 
^w.  His  works  are  very  nnmeroos.  The 
nlloying  are  some  of  his  compositions : — Com- 
{ffodiim  of  UoirerBal  History,  entitled  M- 
•^KUiwft  Tarlkh  Albashar;  Treatise  of 
^Bn^ndenoe^  ia  fcno,  entitled  Alhawi ; 
Tr«aase  of  Medicine,  a  work  of  seTend 
^'^ym ;  Treate  of  Geography,  entitled  Ttik- 
^"•ttilian;  uid  many  other  works.  He 
*ai  a  foy  leazned  prinee,  just,  generous,  easy 
■"f  leceaa,  beloTed  by  his  people,  of  great  in- 
tclli|aioe,  Tery  piona,  Und,  and  pmdent.  His 
aiipistration  was  wise,  and  held  by  the  pnb- 
•^  ia  the  greatest  estimation.  He  was  Prodi- 
s' of  erery  act  of  kindness,  and  bestowed 
lies  in  ahimdanoe.  He  was  rery  fond  of  the 
f -aetj  of  the  learned  and  the  truly  good  and 
^vaffu^  whom  he  used  to  treat  m  the  most 
^f^ianuhed  manner.  He  rewarded  with 
|i^  ubecility  all  those  who  excelled  in  the 
^  md  adencea. 

;-^/ftUd»,Ayokeof  oxen,  A  plough. 

i-^f^f  A  ranaom,  sacrifice. 

» 

J  /srrd,  A  Tendor  of  furs. 

-y/«t  or  cylyl\  Elfar&t,  The 

£Q]diia(efl,  more  conrect  than  i\^\ 

£ff»U,  as  in  p.  34,  which  see.     The  £u- 
P^^fxes  M  one  of  the  most  considerable  riyexi 


of  Asia,  rising  in  the  mountains  of  Armenia 
from  two  principal  sources.  At  Korna,  about 
130  miles  from  its  mouth,  it  is  joined  by  the 
Tigris ;  and  these  united  streams  form  one  of 
the  noblest  rivers  in  the  East,  falling  into  the 
Persian  Gulf  about  60  miles  from  Bassorah. 
Length,  about  1,800  miles,  the  Tigris  included. 
The  inrasion  or  the  building  of  Palmyra  by 
Solomon,  and  the  construction  of  a  fleet  in 

jM^  ^jx^^^i  prove  that  the  Euphrates 

was  the  frequented  way  and  the  centre  of  com- 
merce between  the  Phoenicians  and  the  in- 
habitants of  the  most  remote  countries  of  Asia, 
not  only  to  Ophir  (which  is  a  mountain  situated 
in  the  Malay  peninsula,  where  a  great  deal  of 
gold  is  founa),  but  fdso  to  Borneo  (called 
Jazirat  al  Mihraj\  and  Sarirah  or  Sarirat), 
and  the  immense  number  of  islands  situated  in 
the  Herkand  Sea,  which  is  the  name  giyen 
both  to  the  Sea  of  China  and  to  a  part  of  that 
of  India.    The  following  is  the  itinerary  of 
the  Phoenicians  from  Tyre  to  Ophir  and  Bor- 
neo:— ^An  immense  carayan,  composed  of  carts, 
to  which  strong  horses  similar  to  those  used 
in  England  were  attached,  started  from  Tyre, 
proceeded  through  the  ralley  of  Bekaa  to 
Badbec,  from  Balbec  to  Palmyra,  from  Palmyra 
to  Hisn  Jaber ;  trayelling  by  day  and  night,  and 
by  changing  horses,  they  managed  to  perform 
this  journey  in  a  few  days.    From  Hisn  Jaber 
the  carts  returned  to  Tyre  loaded  with  c^oods. 
From    Hisn    Jaber   y easels    nayijgated    the 
Euphrates  to  Bassorah,  and  coasting  Arabia 
to  BahaJrein  and  Cape  Mussendom,  passed  to 
the  opposite  side  of  Asia,  following  the  coast 
to  the  mouth  of  the  Indus,  thenoe  to  Bombay, 
Goa,  Calicut,  Cape   Comorio,   Ceylon,   and 
Madras,  and,  coasting  the  Bay  of  Bengal,  to 
Rangoon,    the    Malay   Peninsula,    Sumatra, 
Borneo,  etc 

1^  j\J  farddts  (pi.  of  ^^  J^  ),  Paradises. 

Paradise,  according  to  the  Oriental  meaning  of 
the  word,  signifies  "  an  orchard,"  or  "  planta- 
tion of  fruit-trees."  There  is  hardly  any  part 
o€  the  world  in  which  it  has  not  been  sought 
for : — In  Asia,  in  Africa,  in  Europe,  in  Amenca, 
in  Tartary,  upon  the  banks  of  the  Ganges,  in 
the  Indies,  in  China,  in  the  ishind  of  Ceylon, 
in  Armenia,  under  the  Equator,  in  Mesopo- 
tamia, in  Syria,  in  Perma,  in  Babylon,  in 
Arabia,  in  Palestine,  in  Ethiopia,  where  the 
Mountains  of  the  Moon  are,  near  the  Moun- 
tains of  the  Libanus,  Anti-Iibanus,  and 
Damascus. 

Jji  firdfj  Flight,  running  away. 
t^J^/  foratlj  (pi.  of  ^^ji),  Chicken. 

U\Ji  Jirdsat,  Physiognomy,  judging  of 

£e  mind  of  another  from  external  appearances ; 
sagacity,  penetration,  judgment,  undentanding, 

ingenuity,  addressi  dexterity.  m 
L»\ji\\,  The  science  of  physiognomy. 


V 


(270) 


XLJ* 


*  jUb^  And  sharpen  thy  perception 

to  notice  eyery  omen,  and  train  thy  discern- 
ment to  correctnees  of  inference ;  for  he  whose 
conjectures  are  rig;ht  has  his  joy  prolonged, 
but  he  whose  notions  are  erroneous  has  his 
success  deferred.  Do  not  burden  thyself,  my 
son,  with  a  large  household.  Eschew  fastidi- 
ousness, abstain  from  freauent  importunity, 
and  be  content  with  a  smalt  gift  if  a  great  one 
be  withheld. 

iii\^  far&ihf  A  hatterfly  or  moth  flying 

round  a  lighted  candle.  ^^SJ\  ^|/> 
The  thin  scaly  bones  of  the  jikull  reaching  to 

the  neck.  Firdih  (pi.  |^y)i  A  bed. 
iJ^JiS  (^)o  tarihuljirdth,  A  sick-bed. 

ij^\ji  fardihat,  One  butterfly.  The  office 
of  carpet-spreader  (at  the  Temple  of  Mecca). 

i  \j3  fa/rdghy  Cessation  from  labour.  Uli 


^jmj  Jl  l|iy ,  And  when  they  had  ended, 

they  came  forth,  and  each  of  them  put  on  her 
dress  of  feathers. 

jfy^Ait,  Departure.  Separation.  «xJt1j 

i_  t.^1  ^^  The  lion,  if  he  left  not 

his  den,  would  neyer  catch  any  prey.  The 
arrow,  if  it  left  not  the  bow,  would  never  hit 
the  mark.  Gold  dust  in  its  nati?e  country  is 
as  mere  eartii,  and  aloes  in  its  own  land  it 
is  nothing  but   a  kind  of  common  wood. 

^  AfcJ  iLl  *  Jliol  i^jUj  jI^I  a^ 

J)j^  jili  *  Jj^  ^  (JLI  J^  j)^l 

*  vj^j  ^fi  \^^  ^  J*l^  *  ^^l  Orf 
the  day  of  reparation  your  removal  made  me  | 


weep,  lamenting  on  account  of  your  ibm 
from  home  !  1  cried  out,  from  the  pain 
parting,  in  anguish,  and  tears  had  made  n 
eyelids  sore.  This  is  separation  *  Shall  i 
enjoy  your  return  P  for  your  departure  bs  d 
pnved  me  of  the  power  of  oonceidment.  Woo 
they  had  returned,  uid  obsenred  good  bit] 
If  tney  do  so,  perhaps  my  former  times  m 
return! 

JuJ|^  J^dfMoA,  Fnmce. 

Jj^  fa/riiid  (pi.  of  if  Jj^  /wi<fo),  Sep 

rate,  single,  unique  things,  single  pearli 
precious  stones. 

\jo^^  fardyidf   The  divine  precepl 

statutes,  laws.  The  knowledge  of  diridi 
inheritances  according  to  law. 

i-.y  forest  Being  satiated  and  aatiafic 
Joy,  comfort,  pleasure.    Af^,  Pudeadi  t^ 

maris  lumfoeminsa.  ^yi\  ^}ck^jM 
auabr  muflah  tilftartQ^  Patience  is  the  key 

relief.    *  ^iV  <^-^  ^^^-J  t^  ^ 

Cy'^j^  ujy ,  Consider  the  doings 

thy  Lord,  how  tiie  wishes  of  thy  heart  col 
from  him  with  speedy  relief!  And  de^ 
not  when  thou  sufferest  affliction,  for  bi 
many  wondrous  mercies  attend  afiliction. 

^y  fitrjtidf  Dispelling  grief.  Firji 
A  rent  (in  a  garment).   ^^  'W*^ 

Ifi jLdJ^ ,  The  time  of  her  going  foi 

to  divert  herself  has  now  arrived ;  and  wl 
she  is  about  to  do  so,  I  will  come  to  thee  x 
inform  thee,  that  thou  mayest  go  thither  % 
meet  her. 

^jifaraht  Gladness,  cheerfulness,  brif 
ness,  wantonness,  ^^y^  hi/arak 
Gladly,  cheerfully.    iij\  UL.'dtA^  L 

U^l  iiU  J^  jit^  ^iii\  ^,  A 

m  ' 

when  the  daughter  of  the  king  heard  lb 
words  from  the  old  woman,  her  reason 
through  joy;  but  she  withheld  herself  fi 
speaking,  that  she  might  see  the  result  of 
aifair. 


\jrf 


(27i) 


^^f§rkSn^  Glad,  joyful,  delighted. 

i^  fmif  Uneqoal,  simple,   singalar; 
tiie  an^iils  number.    Sole,  only,  nmque. 
u\ii^  faridnljfat,  Unity,  ungolarity. 

\jiiy)j  frimpt,  A  paradise.     Name  of 
aeTctalddightful  places.  See^^MJjIy. 

^^^j  jmiia,  Ferdoosi,  or  Ferdosi,  a 

cdetntedhnin  poet,  wfaom  Mahmond  com- 

BiwMd  to  write  the  **  Ghih  Nameh/'  or 

Sitey  of  dtoPOBtn  Kings.    Thebaidwu 

a^kjtA  ^Bxtj  jeaa  in  executing  this  im- 

uem  voik,  vfaidi  contains  no  leiB  than 

120,(100  TOM;  tnd  he  ins  to  reoeife  a 

Hamui  pieen  of  mid  for  erery  thousand 

oajdetL    Wlulst,  howeTcr,  he  was  A^Tin^ 

UKlf  ip  to  tiie  exeeation  of  his  task,  his 

(usaiteoait  mani^^  to  damage  him  in 

tbeoBnitifn  of  the  king,  and  forced  him,  hy 

dteir  oIiiimHi,  to  fly  the  kingdom.    He  re- 

tirad  to  Bigdsd,  where  his  great  rejnitation, 

v^  kid  preceded  him  there,  ohtiuned  for 

^Aevoteetion  of  the  caliph.  After  scTeral 

icsi'oue,  FerdiynR  was  readied  to  his  conn* 

try,  lid  pvnd  there  the  remainder  of  his 

dm.  T1tt«<ChlhNameh"  was  published  in 

bidflB,  in  Ptesan,  in  1829,  ana  was  after- 

vndi  tmnlsted  into  EIu^id^  in  1881.    It 

hai  ibo  been  translated  into  French,    b.  at 

Kinu,  sear  Thons,  about  940 ;  d.  about  1 020. 

;//<n,  S^aratiiig,  distingaishing  one 

tliisg  from  another.     Ji/^^  alfunai, 

AwsUt  s  Tery  oonsiderBble  town,  and  now 
iiilhgeisGaele-SyTia,  h^  an  hour  from  which 
»  tbe  imtd  temple  Hi  Hennes.  Not  far 
&«B  Oit  plsee  is  the  Temple  of  Enoch, 
aOai  Kobbct  Adris,  and  the  Tomb  of  Noah, 
«kdKibrNnh. 

^*y  ftrat,  L  horse  or  mare.     There 

Ktthiee  breedi  of  hones  in  Syria — ^the  true 

^  ^Rcd,  the  Turkman,  and  the  Knrdy, 

v^ist  nixtiire  of  the  two  former.    The 

w^iBs  eouit  Ato  noble  breeds  of  horses, 

^"■*aded,  tt  &fly  ny,  from  the  five  favourite 

c«B  of  their  prophet — ToMtfM,  Manekeve, 

<*4(a.  %/«rt,  md  Jnljle,    These  five  ]^- 

^ncei  diver^  into  ancient  ramifications. 

y  Bare  paitKolarly  swift  and  handsome, 

vngtt^  to  soy  one  of  \he  chief  races,  may 

P^«i^  to  a  new  breed,  the  descendutts  of 

*afh  m  eaUed  after  her ;  so  that  the  names 

^^9«t  Anb  breeds  are  innumerable. — The 

''^  tt  dicas.    JWrr,  Fenna ;  the  Persians. 

j^^  Ijwy  faroiul  hahr,  The  water- 

ti^  "^  £1-Kazwinl,  in  his  account  of 

^^  rf  the  water,  is  like  the  land-hoTse, 

tbt  he  is  larger  in  the  mane  and  tail, 

^  handsome  in  colour :   his  hoof  is 

like  the  hoof  of  the  wild  ox,  and  bis 

!« imiUer  than  that  of  the  land-boree, 

Uttis  lsq;tr  than  that  of  the  ass. 


1/ 

Sometimes  a  foal  is  produced  haTing  a  water* 
horse  for  his  sire,  and  a  land-mare  for  its 
dam,  and  is  of  extreme  excellence  and 
beauty ;  and  he  mentions  an  instance  (similar  to 
that  which  is  related  in  the  Arabian  Nights) : 
the  water-horse  in  this  esse  was  black,  with 
white  spots  like  pieces  of  silTer.  He  also 
states  that  it  is  found  in  the  Nile,  and  it  is 
erident  from  this  that  the  well-known  hippo- 
potamos  is  the  animal  thus  incorrectly  de- 
scribed, and  which  has  suggested  the  fr£le  of 
the  Arabian  Nights. 

f^\^ji  fitrtdn,  Horsemen,  cavalry.  Name 
of  an  animal  of  whose  skin  they  make  leather. 

'^ji  fariokh,  A  parasang,  a  league  about 
18,000  feet  in  length. 

<mJ  fanh,  A  bed,  conch,  cushion,  a 

mat,  carpet,  bed-cbthes,  or  any  similar  house- 
hold furniture.  Far$h,  Spreading  a  carpet  or 
theUke. 

L^  /urtaif  Occasion,  opportdnity,  con- 
venienoy,  coincidence.  ImJLc  ^**ffZ 
l^j&\  irjjb  ^Uff&Mil,  We  must  avail 
onnelTes  of  this  opportunity. 

^ji  ford  (pi.  fjAj\j3),  A  duty,  a  divine 

command ;  a  necessary  obserration  of  certain 
precepts  of  the  Mahometan  religion. 

JL^  faradah  (pi.  ijOji),  A  seaport. 
^JJL^J  ^ji  iJL^^j^,  Beyrut  is  the  sea- 
port of  Damascus.     ij\j  lib  ^J^ 

A  .MM 

(•UJU  ij^\  J>jii\  ^^,  The  town 

of  Jaffa  Is  one  of  the  most  frequented  and 
well-known  seaports  in  Syria. 

^^ji  fardi,  An  indispensable  precept. 

Obligatory. 
)0ji  farat,  Greatness,  plenty,  superfluity. 
Cji  faira^  Being  produced,  descended, 

deriyed,  sprung  from.  Produce.  Being  at 
the  summit ;  excelling  others  (in  birth,  beauty, 
etc.).  The  ton,  the  head,  the  chief  of  a 
people  or  famuy.     The  branch  of  a  tree 

(especially  the  top).  ?^l  ^^ ,^y«s^jl 

J^^ilyb  t«j,  Thou  hast  relieved  me 

from  the  branch,  but  hast  not  relieyed  me 
from  the  root !  0  my  beloyed,  she  said,  and 
what  is  the  root  F  [mountain. 

£eJ  far^atf  The  top  or  declivity  of  a 

^ijcJ  far^nat,  Craftiness,  sagaciousness. 
^yji  Jir^tcn,  Pharaoh;  and  in  general 


6/ 


(272) 


any  cruel  tyrant.  Pharaoh,  the  name  borne 
in  the  Bible  by  ten  kinfs  of  Egypt;  the  best 
known  of  which  aie,  uie  monarch  to  whom 
Joseph  explained  his  dream,  and  who  loaded 
him  with  honoars ;  he  who  commenced  the 
persecution  of  the  Hebrews,  and  who  pnt  to 
death  all  the  male  children ;  and  he  who  was 
aammoned  by  Moses  to  permit  of  the  departure 
of  the  Hebrew  people,  and  who  was  afterwards 
drowned,  with  all  his  host,  in  the  waters  of 
the  Bed  Sea. 

^-c^/ar^f,  Derivative,  productive. 

^Uy  ferghdnah^  Fergana  is  a  district 

of  Transoziana,  or  Turkestan,  of  which  Ibn 
Haukal  says  that  its  extreme  eastern  border, 
which  waa  also  the  eastern  boundary  of  Islam, 
was  distant  about  twenty  days'  journey  or 
stages  from  the  river  Oxus,  or  Gihon.  It 
was  an  ample  and  fertile  proTince,  with  manj 
towns  and  villages,  and  a  capital  called  Akhsi- 
kit.  The  latter  had  a  castle  and  extensive 
suburbs,  is  situated  on  the  river  Khagi,  and 
with  its  suburbs  is  nearly  four  leagues  in 
diameter.  In  this  territory  there  are  mines 
of  gold  and  silver,  and  the  turauoise  stone,  as 
well  as  iron,  bitumen,  etc.  Snarishi,  in  his 
Commentary,  says,  that  the  chief  city  of  the 
district  of  Fergnana  was  called  by  the  same 
name.  It  was  five  days'  journey,  or  five  long 
stages  eastward  from  Samareand,  and  under 
the  same  government  as  that  city.  It  was  a 
magnificent  place,  and  built  by  Kesra  Noushir- 
wan,  Kin^  of  Persia,  who  sent  a  certain 
number  ot  settlers  thither  out  of  every  city 
in  his  dominions.  It  was  the  birth-place  of 
Ibn  Kethir,  called  Al-Ferghani  (^e  author  of 
the  *'  Treatise  on  Plane  Astronomy,"  edited, 
with  notes  and  translation,  by  GoUus),  and 
also  of  m&ny  other  eminent  literary  men. 

jy/<ir^,  Separation,  distinction^  divi- 
sion, difference,  discrimination.  ^y^,9 

Indiscriminately,  without  distinction,  indif- 
ferently. 

^iJy  furk&f^  The  Ear'^n  in  its  quality 

of  distin^ishing  between  good  and  evil.  The 
Furhm  is  an  appellation  of  the  Eur'&n,  and 
sometimefl  appliea  to  other  books  of  Scripture, 
from  the  vero/araJbi,  to  divide  or  distinguish ; 
not,  as  the  Mohammadan  doctors  say,  because 
those  books  are  divided  into  chapters  or  sec- 
tions, or  to  distinguish  between  good  and 
evil,  but  in  the  same  sense  that  the  Jews  use 
the  word  perek  or  pirka^  firom  the  same  root, 
to  denote  a  section  or  portion  of  Scripture. 
The  Muslims  believe  that  the  copies  of  the 
Pentateuch,  Psalms,  and  Gospels  now  exiating 
have  been  corrupted,  and  tnat  the  passages 
in  them  wherein  Mohammad  is  foretdd  have 
been  altered  or  expung^;  yet  lliey  pretend 
to  trace  a  prophecy  of  him  in  the  modem 
copies  of  the  Gospel  of  St.  John,  reading,  in- 
stead of  "  Paraclete,"  «  Perielyte,"  which  is 
similar  in  signification  to  Mohammad  and 
Ahmad,  both  of  which  are  names  of  the 


Arabian  prophet ;  the  former  of  these 
names  signifying  "  greatly  praised,"  the  li 
<«  more  or  most  lauoable." 

i3j3  firkat  or  firkahj   A  body,  a  s^ 
a  troop,  a  band.    Fiirhmt,  Separation. 

Jj^  farhad,  A  bright  star. 

^fjj^  fariad&n,  Two  stars  near 
pole,  the  g^reater  and  lesser  bears. 

{^/j3  fork,  Babbing  with  the  handle 
between  the  fingers. 

^L§j3  farmdnf  A  mandate,   comma 

order.    ^llJU  ^Uy,  The  exal 

or  imperial  mandate.    T^  is  synonjnui 
expressed    in    a    variety    of    wajs ; 

Ordinal 


necessary  to  be  obeyed. 

ijUjil,  Orders  proper  to  be  pro 

gated,    jjill  jAs^  u^/»  ^^ 

of  high  authority.  ^^^^^^J^  JJ^  ^'^ 

Diplomas  witii  the  illustrious  imperial  fij 
ture. 

^^ji  /urun,  An  oven. 

C^ji  Drank,  A  franc,  French  moi 
worth  about  tenpence. 

^^\sMSjj3jiranffhistdn  (from  the  Persi 

Europe,  or  the  whole  country  inhabits 
-Turkish  Europeans. 


non 


i^j3  faruxU,  A  furred  ooat ;  a  for. 
rA/*  Z*'^^  (P^'  ff-.;!/)'  -^  chicken 
X^^J/«ril«{ya<,Theart  of  horseman: 

Jjj\^  ilicj ,  Then  she  offered  him  i 

food,  and  he  ate;  and  conversation  eie 
between  them,  they  mentioned  King  1 
and  his  beauty  and  loveliness,  and  his  st 
and  justness  of  form,  and  his  horsemanshij 
intelligence  and  polite  aooompUshments. 

)o^j3furHi,  Preceding,  outstripping. 
9jj^furtL^,  (pL  of  p^),Effisota.Bran^ 

dOji  far^d  (pi.  of  j5J^),  A  precious  i 

a  pearl,  especially  one  of  a  lar^ger  aie  i 
others.  One,  unique,  incomparable.  Sins 

only.  JbJ)i\  jj^,The  phosniz  of hia 
^^  Jj^  FaridUn,  The  name  of  an  anj 


^^ 


(278) 


(JH»**i 


md  edelmted  king  of  Penia,  the  oommenoe- 
mot  of  wlkose  rago  is  plsoed  about  760  yean 
bdbre  Uie  Cluistian  era. 

LjjifirUai  (pi.  j^|/),  A  lion's  prey. 
^^/«i#f,  A  Pharisee. 

m 

m 

Lai^fariddt,  An  ordinance  of  God,  an 
us^spoaUe  religiom  or  legal  duty. 

Ji^-Mt  ^  troop,  squadron,  eorps. 

dlj*  /*"*S  Fezaan,  a  kingdom  of  North 

Afria,  atoate  to  the  south  of  Barbary,  and 

b«»iadon  the  N.  by  Tripoli,  and  on  aU  ite 

^  Bda  by  the  Sahara,  or  Great  Desert 

^'  Feoan  oonsists  of  an  extensiTe  Talley, 

waded  by  an  irregalar  circuit  of  monntains 

QO  tO  fida  except  the  west,  where  it  opena 

^^  the  desert.    One  of  the  ranges  of  these 

fB^^rataiBf  ii  called  ^e  Black  Hountaina,  and 

B  wmpoaed  of  basalt,  nearly  black,  and  of  a 

"initt  or  pohahed  appearance.  Mivert.  None, 

properly  n  called ;  water,  howerer,  is  plenti- 

mjbnd  at  a  d^th  of  fiom  ten  to  twelre 

Het  There  are  a  tew  small  lakes,  which  are 

Mmetimes  eoTered  with  a  thin  crnat  of  car- 

^^  of  loda.    Zooioff^,  The  most  eommon 

viiduimalB are  the  ostrich,  the  antelope,  and 

» bentifol  fpeciea  of  deer,  of  a  white  colour, 

■Jeiked  with  different  hues  of  brownish  red. 

Ue  domestie  animals  are  goata,  homed  cattle, 

&«»,  and  camels.      Olimaie,  The  heat  of 

■'■■•f  M  wry  great,  and  the  south  wind,  in- 

'^"•eiy  dry  and  impregnated  with  fiery  par- 

»«T  ii  Boarcelj'  supportable,  even  by  the 

«»▼»    The  wmter,  on  the  other  hand,  is 

coid;  which  is  painiiillT  felt,  eren  by  the 

f>ti^  of  a  northern  climate.    Pro.  Wheat 

■  ni«d ;  but  maize  and  barley  are  the  grain 

ci  vMch  the  country  chiefly  depends  for  sub- 

^^^    Dates  are  abundantly  produced,  and 

»ra  t  large  portion  of  the  food  of  the  in- 

^^^i  ^  pomegranates,  and  legumes 

»t  alM  abmidant.    Manf,  None,  and  shoe- 

^ot  and  smiths  are   the    only  artisans. 

f  tnan  deriTes  its  chief  importance  from  that 

parable  situation  which  renders  it  a  grand 

*^  for  the   immense  interior   commerce 

•*A  is  carried  on  between  Northern  and 

'^^  Africa.  The  communication  of  Egypt 

«ad  ofBarbary  with  the  vast  countries  situate 

to  the  east  and  south  of  the  Niger,  centres 

*^  entirely  in  Mourzook.  Of  the  cararans 

^aefORitb,  the  principal  is  tiiat  to  Bomou, 

»tth  whidi  Fezzan  maintains  a  regular  and 

*^*we  eommunication.     A  great  part  of 

^Ofifaii  trade,  howerer,  has  been  lost; 

**»  *  consequence,  the  country  has  grown 

pv^,  cod  the  inhabitants  but  few  in  number. 

^^  jwi  sent  thence  southward  consist  of 

^^^  fioopean  articles,  fire-arms,  powder. 

It"*'™**  glaK,  paper,  beads,  imitations 

«  ciffi^  ari  toys  of  a  great  variety  of  kinds ; 

Tt""**©  and  snnfiT.    Gov.  The  sovereign 

f«an  was  formerly  independent,  merely 

tvP^  a  BomxBal  tribute  to  the  Bey  of  Tri- 

J*flJ  i«t  in  1842  the  Sultan   of  Turkey 


asserted  his  supremacy  over  the  country,  and 
the  government  is  now  administered  by  a 
pasha  residing  at  Mourzook.  Fcp,  according 
the  latest  returns,  about  26,000.  Zat.  between 
23°  80'  and  SO'*  60'  N.  Lon.  between  12^ 
and  19"  E. 

^  fim^,  Fear,  flying  in  terror.    Jii 
111  IfJ  jLaC  |Jj  l^j  ij-cu  JJI,  He 

spoke  to  me  not,  for  he  was  frightened  at  me 
and  terrified ;  but  he  came  to  the  slaughtered 
beast,  and  turned  it  over,  and  found  nothing 
in  it. 

Juyj  fasdd,  Gormption,  deprayity,  ma- 
lignity, perverseness,  iniquity,  villany. 

cfi4\  ^\p\j  l^^t  u-^  ^^ 


And  follow  not  a  course  of  evil,  for  the  sages 
have  prohibited  it;  and  there  is  no  evil  more 
manliest  than  my  being  in  th^  pit,  drinking 
the  sufibcatiujg  pains  of  death,  and  looking 
upon  destruction  when  thou  art  able  to  deliver 
me  from  misery. 

]o\LjJus8dt,  tli«yj  and  IrlLuJ,  A  tent, 

a  tabernacle  of  goat's  hair.  The  metropolis, 
of  Egypt,  Cairo. 

jLyib  ya  fBUdk,  0,  wioked  ! 

j^IimJ  Jistdn,  A  loose  gown,  a  petticoat. 

j:x**J  Jutuk,  Pistachio.     The  JUtid,  or 

pistachio  of  Aleppo,  delights  in  a  drv  soil. 
Formerly  the  country  of  Aleppo  was  famous 
for  the  erowth  of  this  tree,  but  it  has  greatly 
decUned  of  late  years. 

^^B^tM-^Ofa  pistachio  or  sea-green  colonr. 
J* 

<$^^"**/iM-^^,Largeness,amplitude,8pace. 

Spaciousness,  vastness,  roominess. 

■ 

i^faskh,  Fracture,  violation,  dissolving 
(marriage),  breaking  (an  agreement). 

jM**i  JUk,  Iniquity,  villany,  impiety, 
prevarication,  impudence^  obscenity,  adultery. 

LLJ  (pi.  of  JmU),  The  wicked;  the 
adulterous. 

f«L*J  fahiyeh,  A  jet  d'eau,  a  foun- 
tain which  throws  its  water  up  in  a  jet. 

K^lt^j^yiS  ,j^  ij^  IJm  \^j  ^j 

IS 


J-ai 


(274) 


j^^«J 


jLuJ 


S^>¥^J  V*j  ^^^  c;^f^^  ^»* 

(jyJlsf^t  u.Aj>  ui^^asT^,  And  in  the 

midst  (of  the  hall)  waa  a  great  foimtain  of 
alabaster,  oyer  which  was  a  tent  of  brocade. 
And  in  thoee  chambers  were  different  places, 
and  in  each  of  those  places  fountains  and  tanks, 
decorated  and  lined  with  marble ;  andchanneU 
of  water  flowed  along  the  floors  of  those 
chambers. 

.^^vmJ  faAh,   Ample,   large,   capacious. 

Spacious,  vast,  roomy. 
i^\0a3  fasdhat,  Eloquence. 

^^^Mjjjiahkl,  The  dung  of  animals,  stable 
"manore. 

(^  fiss,  The  bezel  of  a  finger  ring,  in 
which  the  stone  is  fixed. 

JU2i  fastdd,  A  bleeder. 

juoi  fiud,  Bleeding,  opening  a  vein. 

J«di  fail  (pi.  J^^),  Flowingness  and 

clearness  of  discourse.  A  section,  article, 
chapter,  or  other  diyision  of  a  book.  A  dif- 
ference, distinction  (between  right  and  wrong). 
The  dedsion  of  a  cause.  Time,  season,  juncture. 

^^  fu9iU  (pi.  of  ^^  /*M«),  The 
bezel  of  a  ring. 

^wii  faslh  (pi..  Ui^),  Eloquent. 

J^ai  foHl,  A  child  or  youug  camel 
weaned  from  the  mother. 

<U.jM^  fasilat,  A  small  tribe,  a  familj ; 

kindred.  ^<!L»aiA^\s^,  They  came 
all  together.   ' 

L^  /add,  A  plain,  field,  open  place ; 
a  court,  an  area. 

i^\^faddhat,  Yillany,  villanousness. 

il\^fuddlat,  A  remainder,  redundancy, 

exuberance.  The  remains  of  an  entertain- 
ment, the  scraps  after  a  meaL 

JULai  faddyU  (pi.  <LL«^),  Virtues. 
Eminent  qualities. 

^£25  fiddat,  Silver.      a\  dUoi  Jj y   Jjb 

u^^J^  J  h(d  tarid  fiddah  am  %ahab,  Do 
you  wish  to  hare  silver  or  gold  F 

^^  fadih,  Detecting  villanies  and  ex- 
posing them  to  infamy. 

J«ai  fadl,  Excellence,  virtue.  Increase, 
augmentation,  gain,  adyantage,  redundancy, 
''^cesB.     Favour,  goodness,  kindness. 


lak  kalam^  Have  the  goodness  to  give  me  a  pel 
^iLai/^j  CS^\  c/*>i  cM^  l^J^l 

i^j»a)\^  A3Lyw>-f^,  So  he  took  it  an 

kissed  the  hands  of  the  king,  thanking  hii 
for  his  bounty  and  beneficence,  and  deputed 

ILii  fadian,  The  more.    ^^  ^  ^ 

Not  but,  that.  Lai  (pi.  of  Jjli 
Learned  men,  doctors. 

dil\  J^,  FadlaUah,  or  Chodsa  Bascbj 

Addin  FadlaUah,  a  Persian  historian.  I 
was  vizier  to  the  sultan  Cazan,  who  reignl 
at  Taurus,  and  at  whose  command  he  co^ 


0 


first  part  was  translated  into  French  by  1 
Croix.    lived  in  the  13th  century. 

ILai  fadlat,  A  remainder,  abandano 
redundancy. 

ya3  fitduw,  Being  ample,  spacious  (plsc^ 

J^  Judal,  Exuberant,  excessive,  q 
proportioned. 

^yaifudnli,  Proud,haughty,  presuH 

"  One  busying  himself  in  things  not  bebngil 
to  him. 

^ya3  fudaliyahf   Indiscretion.      l1 

quality  of  one  who  makes  himself  Tery  bj 
and  ofiicious  in  things  not  belonsing  to  hi 
and  without  being  requested  to  do  lo. 
cioQsness. 

.^Lfoi  faiiky  Ignominious. 

ii^KfO^  fadihat,  A  viUanous   act,  bf 

infamous  action. 

A.\»»ah  fadikU,    Excellence,    emineo* 

▼irtue,  perfection,  greatness,  superior  exQ 
lence,  any  qualification  which  one  hss  t^ 
higher  degree  than  others. 

^ILi  fatdtuU,   Animadverting,   und| 
standing,  perceiTing. 

^/a^,  Creating,  producing,  doings 
thing  immaturely  or  preposteronsly.    Brei 

fasting.     ^^LiSljuc,   The  festival 

breaking  the  fast,  which  immediately  foU^ 
the  Mahometan  Lent 

^Jai/^o^,  Nature,  creation,  fonn. 

^jjai  fatas,   Being  flat-nosed.     <uj 
fatoMot,  Flatness  of  nose. 

Jai  fatm,  Weaning. 

^Jai  /uiHf  Animadverting,  peroeinj 


i>i 


(275) 


JaAj 


conpnhaMibi^.     iteM,  Wiae»   intelligeni^ 

eagaaon. 

A:l2ij£M,Vndentanding,  intelligence, 

pradeoM.  ZJaill  A4J«Xc  ^Jb  Ma  ^ail- 
mtt  tijUmtty  She  18  impnident. 

,^/ai«r,BKakfast  With  the  Bedouins, 

die  modD  hour  of  breakfiwt  is  about  ten 
0  etack,  ;hit  of  npper  or  dinner  at  ranaet. 
Tbac  is  a  great  ttmeneea  in  their  disheSf 
boif  (M^  eompoeitiona  of  fionr  and  batter 
[iBttitM).  If  an  Arab  haa  anfflcient  food, 
W  oi»  bat  little  about  ita  ooslitr,  beinff  a 
Kna^  to  the  pleararee  of  tne  taole.  The 
vwa  at  what  11  left  of  the  men*8  dinners.  In 
thfistomliof  tiierepaat,  the  men  do  nothing 
bet  owke  their  pipea,  exchange  a  few  worda 
viik  one  notfaer,  deep,  yawn,  and  sleep  again. 

J^f^t  An  nnleftTened  masB  of  paste. 

•jai/tffiii,  Weaned. 


InteDigent. 


"•.'I.. 


^'^  fndui,  Inhamaxiity,  TiUainons- 
>«■    Couwaesi,  groameM  of  speech  and 


(r^/oi^,  Base,  shamefol  (affair),    b 


0  thoa  who  seekest  to  begofle,  thon  hast 
^ta  in  th  J  haae  intention.  Taste,  then, 
<^  ptnn  of  ihamefal  calamitj,  and  be  with 
'^  voires  cot  off. 

w^/«^cd/,  Effectual,  operating.    God 

^eotttut  actor. 

J^  f^^  Acting.  Doing,  making, 
?"**oug.  Fi^y  An  action,  work,  operation. 
l^nrK  To  perform  an  action,  to  labour. 
^^  WBd  which  is  naedaa  the  paraidigm  of  tri- 

^i^  roots  of  Arahio  words.      J«J 

« 

o<kc^  fi^  wmia^addl,  A  yerh  tran- 
^^  (•jl  J*i  >S^/  ld%mn,  A  Tcrh 
ifitnaritire.  ^^U^  J*5  ^^/  ma Jflm, 
Aiwtiaclire  or  neuter,  of  which  the  aetor  is 
^  bown  by  the  yerb  itself.     J« 

^^  J^l  mujkul,  A  rerh  passiye, 
*^  >te  of  which  is  left  unknown  by  the 

,  ^*^»   ^U  |J*i  Ji^  mdt^,  A  yerh  in 

P»V  tense.       fj^  J^  /t^ 
»'£n&,  A  vert)  in  tike  aorist,  hating  either 


a  present  or  fatnre  sense.    J>«aSIj9  In 
fbct,  actually.     Jje^  Jy ,  Words  and 

actions,      ly^  Lei,  In  word  and  deed. 
lljfi  fa^alat,  A  work,  an  action. 
Ims  Ji^,  Actual,  effectual,  operating, 

jyJ6  fa§hfar  (pL  !yUi),  The  general 
name  of  tiie  kinga  of  China.    The  poroelain 

of  China.      l<-^  jf^*  ^  emperor 

of  China.  A  porcelain  yesseL  i^jy^» 

Royal,  belonging  to  the  emperors  of  China. 
China  ware. 

^Uj  fakdr  and  ^Ui,  The  yertehras  or 

jointsof  the  back.  jUi!|^J,  Mahomet* s 
sword. 

Zi^Ui  fakAhatj  Being  learned  in  the  laws. 

^^fikdan^k  state  of  desertion,  aban- 
donment by  frienda,  separation  from  friendi. 

^  ^ilr,  Poverty.    v.^ij  ,-iJLl^^^JJ 

♦  1.^/ 11  ^piilV  ^  1  jl ,  Poverty 

causes  the  lustre  of  a  man  who  was  rich  to 
grow  dim,  like  the  brightneas  of  the  setting 
sun,  which  becomes  ydlowless.  If  absent, 
his  name  is  not  mentioned  among  mankind ; 
and  if  present,  he  has  no  share  in  the  enioy- 
menti  of  society.  He  walks  in  the  market- 
streeta,  aToiding  to  be  noticed,  and  in  solitary 
places  he  poureth  forth  tears  in  abundance. 
nj  the  Au^ighty!  a  man  who  haa  had  the 
mufortune  to  become  poor  ia  nothing  among 
his  own  relations  but  a  stranger. 

\j&i  fakard  (pi.  of  ^^),  The  poor,  the 
common  people. 

XjA3  Jlkra,   An   anecdote,   a  tale.     A 
paragraph,  an  article. 


laAi  fakatt  Only,  solely,  no  more.  ^cAet 

J^)  ^  J-^'j  CT**^'  V/^^  i.ii^  L.i\ 

J  al  HI  */^yr  t^^  ^^9  Know  thou 


that  the  son  of  my  sister  is  more  beautiful 


li 


(276) 


and  loTely  than  she,  and  that  his  fiither  was 
king  of  all  the  Pernans.  He  is  now  their 
king,  and  Joharah  is  not  suitable  to  any  bat 
him  only. 

iAiJikh,  Soiowledgeof  religion  and  law. 

l^  fukahd,  Bocton  of  law  and  diTinity 

AfAsfakid,  BestitatB,  deprived. 

fakir,  A  poor  man.    A  religious 
order  of  mendicants  thnanamedby  theArabians. 

ir^^  ^  ur^-M  ^j^^  ^  fo' 

the  poor,  the  eondkion  of  the  poor,  and 
the  whole  life  of  the  poor,  is  nothing  but 
agony;  in  the  summer  he  fails  to  earn  his 
food,  and  in  winter  he  warms  himself  OTer 

the  fire-pot.  jJUi\  ij^^^-  \3Jb  J^  \S\ 

bj^\  ^J^\^  ^U,  Such,  then, 

bcii^  the  poor  man's  life,  hii  fittest  place  is  in 
the  Durial-groond. 

IM  faldh,   A  Mahometan   lawyer  or 
theologian  (in  Spanish, with  the  article  alfaqui), 

I  said  nnto  him,  I  am  a  lawyer,  a  learned 
man,  a  writer,  an  arithmetician,  and  a  great 
aaligraphist.  Thy  profession,  he  said,  is  pro- 
fitless in  our  country. 

ujO  fakk,  Unloosing,  nnravelling,  un- 

bnttoning,  breaking  open  a  seal.  Liberating, 
manumitting  (a  servant).  Releasing  a  pawn 
or  pledge.    To  redeem  a  pledge. 

^l^  fakdhat,  Being  cheerM,  joyoue, 
jocose,  festiye,  sociable. 

Sj  fikr,  Thought,  reflection,  oonsidera- 
tion,  opinion,  deliberation,  counsel,  adrice. 

jSj  fahSLr  and  jr^^  Befleoting  maoh, 
considering  attentiyely,  thoughtfuL 

s^JlS^  fakm^f,  How  then  ?  ^j-wy^asT  J  ^ 

if  jJi  ..f*uesr  u,tt^.Ci  ^UuiJ,  He  did  not 

act  well  to  himself,  how  then  will  he  act  well 
to  another? 

Jj,  A  speciefl  of  water-lily. 

j^jp^li  faldf'aram,  And  consequently,  so 
'   that,  whence,  and  altogether. 

A'$  faldhf  Prosperity,  happiness,  safety, 

Uager,  a  peasant. 


>i 


ti/aidhat,  Agriculture. 

iiJii  fd&iifaij  Philosophen. 

i^  faldkat,  Adversity,  misfortune,  fl 
effect  of  the  adyerse  inflnenoe  of  the  spbtf^ 

^li  filds^  The  name  of  any  unknot 
or  undefined  person,  he,  that  man.  Sucli  aai 

^  f^j$  Tears,  water  flowing  from  tl 

eyes.  Taij\  Diridin^  into  two  parts,  sepan 
ing,  making  a  partitun.    The  palsy. 

J^fidah,  To  be  in  state  of  prosperi^ 
safety. 

^ju^  falha$,  Greedy,  avaricions. 

dl^iJi  fdlmudih,  For  this  reason,  thei 

fore.      hb\p^  ^JLj  (J^  jJi  {jttj^  | 

Ton  did  not  study,  for  tlus  reason  (or  titei 
fora)  you  will  remain  ignonnt. 

^jj^  JiU,  A  small  coin,  an  obdus, 

anytiiing  of  similar  shape;  as  tiia  scale  o| 
fish,  the  boss  on  a  bridle  or  book. 

^^U  «iii>  i  FUiiiln^  Palestine.     /WmA, 
Philistine  belonging  to  Palestuia. 

iLJjfihafat,  Philosophy. 

«jLi  /tftoc.  Cutting,  splitting,  cnu^ 

Jils  fidfid,  Pepper,  long  pepper.    I 

KazwinT  says  of  the  pepper-yine,  that  w^ 
the  sun  becomes  hot  upon  the  boncheii 
pepper,  leaves  fold  o?er  each  bunch,  tw 
may  not  be  burned  by  the  sun ;  and  when 
sun  is  withdrawn  from  it,  the  leaves  are  ai 
that  it  may  reeeive  the  sephyr. 

jji  falak,  A  fissure,  a  creTice.    Fal 

Splitting.  Breaking  (as  the  dawn).  ^ 
A  branch  split  into  two  parte,  of  whidi  \ 
they  make  one  bow ;  also  the  bow  so  n^ 
A  misfortune. 

l1^  falakf  Heaven,  the  nnivene,  i 

world.    The  sky,  the  firmament    A  spM 
of  which  there  are  nine,  according  to 
Ptolemaic  system  of  astronomy.    Fortanej 
the  inflnenoe  of  the  spheres.    The  orbkj 

motion  of  the  heavenly  bodies.  J4 
y^iSt ,  The  sphere  or  orbit  of  the  qm 

CAi!l1(Ji3i,  The  primam  moli 
empyrean  heaTen. 

C^lifuik,  A  ship,  boat,  oraft. 

^^iwJi  falamnmg,  A  Fleming,  a  Bol 
man,  the  Dutch  nation.  [weaii 

jli  faliUa,  A  horse  colt  (e^eoially  yr\ 


\jn^fdu  (pL  of  ^/JLi)*  Small  ooinsy 

^^fidvk,  Fiflnxres,  cradu. 
^iAj/iUflidy  And  becaufle,  therefore. 
#9  M  The  montlL      M^tuiS  mi,  The 

oafin  of  the  stomach.   <---;/^^l<^|^|^ 

UJ  ^^  Lib 'Uil  J^  JL5 ,  And  he  de- 

eztd  to  driik,  but  be  found  that  the  water 
U  MtHli  in  liif  mouth. 

jAiybai,  Ond,  belongiBg  to  the  moiilh« 

Jfm  (pL  ^^  and  ^J:J\  pi.  of  pi. 

^ti*),  Sdenoe,  learning,  knowledge, 
sgHtj.    OoDiimg,   etntagem,    art,  fraud. 

^  -      -      ■  that 


Wil«;)iMB,  I  an  not  aeqnaintod 

J/Mdy  ICortality,  fhulty,  comiptbn. 

I^ntnction,  annihilation,  death.    j\j 

a!  iandfirndf  The  world  of  change 
V  dofavlioii,   tlda  traaatory  woiM,   this 

penababla  world.    ^^  CJ^lJt  ,^^S1p- 


**U1  j^^    Jl^l^  ♦ 'UiH,  Hareth 

I^HaaMB  hat  related,  aaying :  I  am  told 
i^vba  Ab»-Zaid  waa  approaching  the  end 
^Jik,  and  the  ehain  of  old  age  had  depriyed 
^  of  all  the  power  of  riling  vp  to  perform 
^  Ma  oi  man,  he  wnt  for  nil  son,  and 


ifterooOeitmghiathoi]gfat8,Baidtohim:  Mj 
^  tin  tnae  it  at  hand  that  I  should  de- 
fBt  fron  out  of  the  eenrt  of  Kfe,  and  haTe  my 
tja  ooiited  with  tiie  kohel  of  death. 

^"^Juifdm,  A  poroelain  cap. 

J^/iMdai,  An  inn,  a  house  for  mar- 
t^pupla. 

jfi  fw9M  (pi.  of  ^),  Soienoes. 

FmShakf    Phosnicia,  of  which 


vtstheeapitaL  The  eoontry  known  to 
u<  Cfceb  br  the  name  of  Fhoenioe  was 
«*idcd  on  the  west  by  the  Mediterranean 
«i,  lad  on  the  east  hjr  the  monntains  of 
*^  Sid  Syria.  Iti  northern  frontier,  ao- 
^"/^  to  Ptolemy,  was  limited  by  the  ooozse 
«f  tkcEla^m,  now  called  Nahr^-kelMr, 


(277)  ^ 

the  Great  BiTer,  whilst  to  the  sonfli  it  ex- 
tended to  Aoeho,  or  rather  to  the  BiTor  Kishon, 
which  lies  to  the  sooth  of  it  The  distance 
fivm  Aocho  to  the  Isle  of  And,  near  the  month 
of  the  Blentheros,  from  north  to  sonth,  may 
be  reckoned,  without  indadinr  the  sinnoaities 
of  the  coast,  at  aboot  160  So^h  miles.  The 
mean  breadth  of  the  Phcenician  territory  can 
hardly  be  estimated  at  more  than  thirty  of 
these  miles.  Herodotus  says  that  tiie  Phosni- 
cians  were  descended  from  the  Bdomites,  who 
were  the  first  who  attempted  to  pass  the  sea 
in  ships.  Thns  when  the  Erythrmans,  Edom- 
ites,  or  Phcenicians—for  all  tiiree  names  sig- 
nUy  the  same  thing — took  possession  of  Sidon 
ana  Trre,  tiief  became  immediately  distin- 
roishea  l^  their  skill  in  narigation,  and  by 
their  success  in  commerce.  While  their 
neighbonrs  were  engaged  in  hostility,  the 
Phoenicians  coltiTatea  the  arts  in  tranquillity ; 
and  &e  palm,  the  signal  of  Tictory  among 
other  nations,  appeared  painted  on  their  ships 
and  represented  on  their  coins  as  the  image  of 
plenty,  and  as  the  emblem  of  peace. 

^^j„5j;t   FmlkiyHn^    The    PhcBnicians. 

The  FhcBnicians,  as'  erery  one  knows,  were 
celebrated  for  their  wealth,  and  the  extent  of 
their  commerce  and  naTigation.  Their  fame, 
and  their  right  to  be  wused  amonnt  those 
who  haTC  conferred  the  greatest  benents  upon 
mnnlrifulj  rcst  ott  a  stiU  morc  unassailable 
foundation.  Antiquity  is  unanimous  in  as- 
cribing to  them  the  inyention  and  practice  of 
all  those  arts,  sciences,  and  oontriTances  that 
faciktate  the  prosecution  of  commercial  under- 
takings. Thej  are  held  to  be  the  inventon  of 
arithmetic,  weights  and  measnres,  money,  the 
art  of  keeping  accounts,  and,  in  short,  of 
ererything  thai  belongs  to  the  business  of  a 
counting-house.  They  were  also  fiimoas  for 
^e  invention  of  shijp-building  and  navigation, 
for  the  discovery  oi  glass,  for  their  manufac- 
tures of  fine  linien  mSSl  tapestry,  for  their  skill 
in  architecture,  and  in  the  sit  of  working 
metals  and  ivory,  and  still  more  for  the  in- 
oemparable  splendour  and  beavty  of  their 
purple  dye.  But  the  invention  and  dissemina- 
tion of  these  highly  useful  arts  form  but  a 
part  of  what  the  people  of  Europe  owe  to  the 
rhoniicians.  It  is  not  possible  to  say  in  what 
degree  the  rdigion  of  the  Greeks  was  bor- 
rowed frvm  them,  but  that  it  was  to  a  pretty 
large  extent  seems  abundantly  certain.  Her- 
cukes,  undcn:  the  name  of  Melcarthus,  was  the 
tutelar  deity  of  Tyre;  and  bis  expeditions 
along  the  sm>res  of  the  Mediterranean,  and  to 
the  straits  connecting  it  with  the  ocean,  seem 
lo  be  merely  a  poetu»l  representation  «f  the 
progress  of  the  rhoBnician  navigators,  who  in- 
troouced  arts  and  civilization,  and  established 
the  worship  of  Hercules,  wherever  ther  went. 
The  tempts  erected  in  honour  of  toe  god 
at  Gades  was  bug  regarded  with  peculiar 
Teaeralion.  The  Phomiciaas  founded  many 
colonies  in  Spain  and  in  the  IndiA  and 
Chinese  Seas.  Palmyra  and  Balbec  are  their 
works;  biit4n  Syria  the  Mahometans,  as  w**' 


Z3* 


(278) 


jy 


as  theJewB  and  ChristiaiiB,  attribute  eyery 
great  work  to  Solomon :  not  that  the  memory 
of  him  still  remains  b^  tradition  in  those 
countries,  but  from  certain  passages  in  the  Old 
Testament,  which,  with  tne  Gospel,  is  the 
source  of  almost  all  their  tradition,  as  these 
are  the  onl^  historical  books  read  or  known ; 
b«t  as  their  expounders  are  yery  ignorant, 
their  anplications  of  what  they  are  told  are 
generaUy  reiy  remote  from  the  truth.  By  an 
error  of  the  kind  they  pretend  that  Balbec  t«  the 
koute  ofthsforeH  %f  Lebanon^  built  by  Solo- 
inon ;  nor  do  they  approach  nearer  to  nroDability 
when  thev  attribute  to  that  kinf  we  well  of 
Tyre  ana  the  buildings  of  Piuroyra.  The 
PbcBnicians  founded  many  towns  in  Spain,  like 
Malaga,  Cartagena,  Tortoea,  and  Cordoym, 
which  haye  their  significations  in  the  Phoe- 
nician language.  The  name  of  Malacca,  of  the 
Malay  peninsula  (where  Mount  Ophir  of  the 
Bible  is  situated),  is  also  of  Phoenician  extrac- 
tion, and  it  means  a  town  situated  on  a  hUl  or 
mountain. 

fr\^/awdtih  (pl.of  <(arU),  Beginnings. 
Openings,  prefaces. 

UM>-ty  fawdhiihf  Shameful  things* 

j!ji  fudd  (pi.  ifjuil),  The  heart,  tlie 
Uyer,  the  lungs,  the  bowels.    The  mind,  the 

Boul.  c:: ^^h  \j\ fc/Jly  V^^ L5f:ff^^ 


0  my  beloyed,  and  the  object  of  the  tender 
feelinff  of  my  heart,  if  thou  be  angry  against 
me,  wno  would  keep  me  P  and  if  thou  cast  me 
off  (alas  for  me !),  who  would  sh^ter  me  P  0 
my  beloyed,  and  tiie  light  of  my  eyes,  comfort 
me! 

h^^ji  fawdra^  A  jet  d'eau,  a  fountain 
which  throws  its  water  up  in  a  jet 

Jjfy/aii?dy<^(pl.  of  »Jjli),  Gains,  profits, 

advantages.   ^  ^j**^  ^  ^^  vj^^iljJ 

irjjLs  ^jM  )aki\^  2rjj\y,  Thereupon 

1  pressed  gradually  to  him,  to  profit  from  his 
precious  words,  and  to  pick  up  some  of  his  in- 
comparable sentences  and  phrases. 

^ZJt^fawtf  Death.  Passing  away,  elaps- 
ing, omitting,  neglecting,  slipping.  ^ 
I^mSij  ^j\  ij\j  Lf  ^Jlc^ji^Ij  J,  He  who 

IS  not  affiicted  by  what  he  loses  keeps  his  mind 
tranquil. 

iy  fawatt  Madder,  a  red  dye. 

^y  fawjj  A  hody  of  men,  a  troop,  a 
squadron.  [Diff^ising  (odour). 

-.|i  fawh,  Fragrance,  odour,  perfume. 


^^  fohf  Fo,  or  Foe,  the  founder  of  a 

religious  sect,  which,  in  the  empire  of  China, 
reckons  a  great  number  of  followera,  whoK 
tenets  appear  to  be  much  the  same  as  those  of 
Buddha.  He  reformed  the  religion  of  tk« 
Brahmins,  denied  the  distinction  of  castei, 
and  the  superiority  of  any  one  dass  of  men, 
and  taught  a  doctrine,  of  which  ^e  funda- 
mental precepts  are,  not  to  lie,  to  do  to  othen 
as  we  would  be  done  by,  to  kill  no  lino^ 
creature,  to  abstain  from  wine,  to  avoid  all 
impuritjr,  and  to  belieye  in  future  rewards 
and  puniishmentB.  His  doctrines  only  bectn 
to  be  prevalent  in  China  200  years  b.c  Hi« 
priests  are  called  Bonaes,  and  live  in  mon»- 
teries,  travelling  also  considerably  about  the 
«mpire,  and  liym^,  for  the  most  part,  on  alms. 
B.  at  Benares,  or  m  Cashmere,  about  1027  b.c. 

^y   Nodhy  .y  Fotf  ^^SJ   Beddcm, 


c  y^j  Joihuoy  and  c  y«j  Jmm^  accord- 
ing to  the  religion  of  the  Ansariah,  ere  tkt 
same  and  identical  person,  who  made  his  mam- 
fiBstation  as  the  incarnation  of  the  Deity  in 
different  ages,  and  in  different  worlds,  under 
different  names.    The  Mussulmen  thCTDselTcs 
pay  the  ^atest  veneration  to  theae  five  name&, 
and  wnte  the  name  of  Beddoa   nnder  tbt 
address  of  eyery  letter;  and  if  thej  do  not 
write  this  mystical  and  occult  name  in  alpha- 
betical letters,  they  represent  it  by  the  numbs- 
of  8642,  which  is  the  equivalent  of  its  com- 
ponent letters.  The  Mussulmen  qonlify  Beddou 
as  a  great  angel,  who  takes  care   of  the  safie 
arrive  of  the  letters.    They  do   not   know 
that  the  term  of  Beddou  is  a  general  term  ks 
diyinity,  and  not  the  name  of  any  MrticQlar 
angel ;  nor  do  they  know  that  the  ^oodhisti 
count  no  less  than  400,000,000  aonla.     The 
habit    of  writing  the  name  of    this    Deity 
under  the  address  of  their  letters  was   con- 
tracted by  the  Arabs  from  an  inunemiMial 
time,   as    they  adopted   the   Indian  Jifurm 
{rakam  al  kindi\  which  they  transferred  to 
Europe  under  tne  name  of  Arabic  figmes. 
The  Ansariah  add  that  the  mystical  and  occult 
letters  like  A.  L.  M.  placed  before  some  chap- 
ters of  the  Curaan,  like  B.  D.  U.  H.  are  the 
representative    of  the  Deity  worshipped   in 
olden  times  under  that  name  in  different  coun- 
tries. They  profess  that  not  only  in  oar  world, 
but  also  in  the  other  worlds,  which  number 
millions,  the  Supreme  Being,  though  be  ap- 
peared at  different  times  under  different  names, 
IS  always  the  same,  and  that,  thereloTe,  all 
the  nations  of  the  different  worlds  adore  th^ 
same  Deity  under  different  names.     The  same 
Ansariah  conclude  that  Osiris,  Jupiter,  Giore^ 
Tabu,  Jehovah,  Bduh,  Oaoduna,  etc,  ax«  no 
other  than  Allah  himself,  and  that  however 
different  may  be  the  form  of  the  worahip,  the 
object  of  it  IS  the  same. 

-.  Jy  fawdd^jf  The  camel  litter  in  ^which 

Arabian  ladies  travel,  a  vehicle  in  ^wbich  a 
bride  is  carried.    Inguina  camelgi. 


^ 


(279) 


Jj^fHMrdMt  Ezoeasve  heat.   Boiling 

[«  a  pot).     SlMddiiig,   itrMiiiiiig  (blood). 
Bntiiig  (as  ^  polM).    Diffnnng  (odour). 

j«5/«%  SaooesB  in  an  ondertaking. 

vnorj,  npcfiontjr. 

ieffikk,  A  doUi  which   they  wrap 

nod  (he  middle  when  eoing  to  bathe.    A 
UBdoriiBpedIiiduui€lo&.  A  kind  of  iqpton. 

jy^  Saperiority,  exceUenoe,  alti- 
tak  Avfay  Abore,  more  than.    Bendee, 

*^  jy  J'*  Tpwarda.    J^^^> 

I^ofinmds.     ^J*^  O^'  Ahove  the 

groond.     ^\^y,   Above  measare, 

exeeanrelj.   xjUl)  j^,  Unosaal,  oat 

of  tiie  eommon  role.     J^u!t  ^^y 
Bernd  expectation. 

o^J/ividi^,  Superior,  supreme. 

JyMBeana. 

; J  y^  l|i4y  And  he  had  hair  upon 

^head like  the  taile  of  horaes,  and  two  eyea 
Hke  two  boning  ooala ;  and  he  had  a  third 
T'^  io  his  forehoid,  tike  the  eye  of  the  lynx, 
Boa  vbich  there  appeared  aparka  of  fire. 

^"j^/Mt  (or  iU;f3)i  An  index,  siini- 

niiT,  cjihhaa,  table  of  eontenta,  catalogue, 
QTOloiy,  iiat  A  canon,  role.  The  pre&oe 
orbegiamigofabook. 

^f^  Understanding,  intellect. 

y^fi^  Learned,  intelligent. 

J  fillet  into,  among;  above;  of,  to, 
*^  far,  by,  eoneeming,  notwithstanding. 

^^^,  Wholly,  totally,  entirely, 
^B*<BDa&j,  in  an  things,  npon  the  whole,  to 
Ba  up  all.  Jl^^^ ,  Immediately, 
"d^j,  instantly.  IjLa^\  _i, 
^J,  truly,  in  effect,  in  fact.  ^ 
»jyi,Beally,  effectively.  Jr^b  J, 
Vithia.  Cflj  ^ydi  ^,  In  the 
nesn  time,  alter  which,  then.  J$  ^ 
sj'^t  Efeiywhere.    ^jJl  J^l  ^, 


Long   ago.    j^^\  j^«ij  ^v»   ^^  ^® 

hottom  of  the  affair.     J-11M3^^ 

jlfil  uJ|^tj,  By  night  and  by  day. 

j^^^H  ^,  Yesterday,  ^\ii^^^  j*^  ^, 

One  day.  jyi\  ^,  Immediately,  in- 
atantly.  ^ 

fjo^faifydd,  Copious, plentiful.  Liberal, 

generooa,  profoae,  bonntifhl.  An  oTerflowing 
river.  [nnoultlTated  districta. 

^Lifajfdft  (pi.,  sing,  not  used),  Deserts, 
j^j^/lriU  ('Jj>^)»  A  turquoise  stone. 

f^'^  faifMalf  A  decision,  decree,  deter- 
mination of  a  lawvnit,  a  definitiTe  sentence  from 
which  there  liea  no  appeal. 

^jo^  fayi^  Plenty,  abundance.    Grace, 

IkToar.  Bounty.  Flentifnl,  redundant,  OTer- 
flowing, many,  numeroua.  Publxahing,  divulg- 
ing, rcTealing,  communicating. 

^UiJ/<iya(2afi,Bedundancy,  superfluity. 
4^^/^/,  An  elephant  The  bishop  in  chess. 
^jLj  filaddfia,  Phikdelphia.    The 

capital  dty  of  the  Ammonitea ;  the  aame  with 
Babbath. 

i_*p  -^j*  foyl(t9^ft  A  philosopher. 
^yJui  fayldkan^  The  plant  papyrus. 

UbJ  /tmA,  In  that  which,  from  that 
which,  ao  that,  on  which,  whence,  why,  whilst, 

in  the  mean  time,  according  to.  JuuUmJ, 
After  this,  henceforward. 

(Jl^UjiJ  fuyikd&if  Inundations,  over- 
flowing. Peooliar  and  abundant  gifia  of 
Provi<Mnce. 

iji  fjfah^  A  troop  of  men. 

My^  FayyUm,  Name  of  a  province  and 

a  city  in  Egypt,  m^  fayy^^t  a  pro- 
vince of  Egypt,  atretching  out  into  the  desert, 
by  which  it  ia  almoat  entirely  aurrounded. 
It  oonsistB  of  a  valley,  nearly  environed  by 
a  circuit  of  hills,  40  miles  from  Cairo.  Ext, 
40  milea  long,  by  80  broad.  Ihte.  Fertile, 
and  in  thia  reapect  equal  to  other  parts  of 
Egvpt.  Pro.  Duna,  rye,  barley,  flax,  cotton, 
and  anfar;  roaea  are  also  cultivated  in  oon- 
desirable  quantitiea,  to  aupply  the  manufac- 
toriea  of  roae-water  carriea  on  in  Fayoum, 
the  capitaL  Manf.  Woollen,  linen,  and  cotton 
fiibrica.  The  communication  with  Cairo  ia 
carried  on  by  caravans,  which  set  out  weekly 
from  the  village  of  Tamieh.  These  are  loaded 
with  ahawls,  aackoloth,  mate,  roae-water,  9^ 


oli 


(280) 


.IS 


oliTei,  datei,  etc.;  and  raw  oottoo,  eofee, 
Boap,  clotba,  and  several  other  Enropean 
oommoditieB  are  brought  back.    Bgp.  ifntm- 

certained^  bnt  oonsiderabk.  iij*x^ 
l*^l  madinai  al  fayyam,  The  capital 

of  the  above  province,  though  mvch  dedined 
from  ito  ancient  wealth,  ia  about  a  mile  and 
a  half  in  circumference ;  and  the  houses,  con- 
sisting merely  of  bricks  dried  in  the  sun,  com- 
pose an  assemblage  of  gloomy  huts,  ibound 
it  are  scattered  numerous  remains  of  antiquity. 
Lot.  29'  27'  N.    Lon.  80"  39*  E. 


J  Eaf,  The  twenty-first  letter  of  the 
Arabic  alphabet,  expressing  100  in  arithmetic. 

\j^^  kdhid,  Taker,  seizer.  An  astrin- 
gent, constipator.  •-^jj^JV^^lS,  The 
seizer  of  souls. 

JjlS  kaM,  The  future.  That  which  is 
next  or  approaches,  the  following  (year). 
Possible,  capable,  skiUnl,  sufficient.     Able. 

^UU:;^.)^  J^lii  MM  td  thtimdUyah, 

Probable.  <UUi>.Xl  JjU -ji,  Im- 
probable. "  '    '^ 

ibis  kdhilat,  The  next  night.      iLU 

(pi.  Jjly),  A  midwife. 
ilLlS  haUhyai,  Capacity,  skill,  aptitude, 

oonveniency,  appetite,     al      -A\  t  jjb 

l^^  iLLU  ImOi  gahl  lahu  h&Uhyat 
^«s7m«A,  This  boy  has  a  very  good  appetite. 
He  eats  very  heartily. 

J-jU  E&hil,  Cain* 
Jjlj  k&tU,  Killer,  murderer. 
jJIS  ladir.  Potent,  powerful,  capable, 
skilful.  Able.  J  li^-j  jJbl  l.,.^  Ji 


^  JS  ijJLfll  iSA 


If  LaS  ^  \jcM  cJc^  ^li  Cicu>-  \fl< 


For  what  reason  hast  thou 
presented  to  me  this  present  P  Tell  me  thine 
affair,  and  acquaint  me  with  thy  want ;  and  if 
I  be  able  to  perform  it,  I  will  perform  it  for 
thee  this  moment,  without  plaang  thee  under 
the  necessity  to  weary  thyself. 

I  iiM  jU  Kddiif  Cadis,  a  piovinoe  of  Spain, 


a  A Bdaluaia,  bounded  N.  bythe  provuca 
Seville  and  Huelva,  8.  and  w.  by  the  Stnj 
of  Gibraltar  and  the  Athmtic,  and  E.  1 
Malaga.  Arm,  8906  square  miles.  IM 
Traversed  by  the  Bond  mountains  in  the  £ 
but  fertile  in  general,  and  yielding  the  wi 
cereals,  with  fruits  of  almost  every  kiii 
Miven.  The  Guadiaro  and  the  Gnadald 
with  their  tributaries.  Fop,  about  360,0<j 
This  province  is  one  of  the  three  into  whu 
the  ancient  kingdom  of  Seville  has  hd 

divided.     ^jU  ^^^  maiinalthd\ 

Cadis,  andently   Gades,  a  fortified  dtj 
Spain,  in  Andalnsia,  the  principal  traoii 
P|ort  in  the  south  of  that  country.     It 
situate  at  the  extremity  of  a  long  tongw 
land  projecting  from  me  island  of  Leon,  (| 
isthmus  of  which  forms  a  vast  bay,  one  of  t] 
finest  in  the  world,  and  affordine  exoell^j 
anchorage  for  shipping.     Its  li«ithoiise  I 
St  Sebastian  lb  172  feet  high.    The  tows 
surrounded  by  the  sea  on  the  north-east  ai 
west,  and  its  form  is  nearly  a  square  of  I 
English  mile.  The  houses  are  hif  h,  the 
in  some  parts  narrow,  which,  vnth  the 
neas  of  the  windows,  gives  them  a  glooi 
appearance.      The  chief  buildiugB  are  t 
hospital,  custom-house,  the  churches,  ooATeo 
and  a  bull-ring.    The  private  houses  are, 
general,  white-washed,  and  painted  y^o 
The  trade  of  Cadiz  has  fluctuated  greativ,  U 
there  are  fow  laree  seaports  in  Europe  thi 
are  not  occasionalTy  connected  with  it    1 
the  adjoining  country,  linen  is  manu&ctun 
in  considerable  quantities,  and  there  are   ^ 
dnctive  salt-pits;  whilst  its  dependenejr, 
Mary,  is  the  centre  of  the  trade  in 
wine.    Fop.  about  60,000  or  70,000. 

se'*  ar  41"  n.  Xof».  r  ir  ir  w.- 

city  was  taken  and  pillaged  in  1696  by 
EngliA.  In  1626,  an  unsnooesaftil  tH^ 
was  made  on  it  by  Lord  Wimbledon ;  and 
1702  by  the  Duke  of  Ormond  and  Sir  Ge 
Rooke.  In  1800  it  was  bombarded  bv  ^ 
British,  and  in  1808  the  French  fleet  off  tadl 
surrendered  to  the  Spaniards.  It  was  mi 
wards  blockaded  by  tne  Frendi,  who  did  d^ 
leave  it  till  after  the  battle  of  Salsmssd 
in  1812.  In  1820  it  was  made  a  free  poi 
but  it  did  not  enjoy  this  advantage  till  ISS 
— Cadis  IB  very  ancient,  having  been  founded  I 
the  Phosnicians.  Cadii  means  in  the  Fhopo 
cian  language  the  Holy,  and  it  was  fouod^ 


by  some  of  &e  merchants  of  I^p<di  in  Svni 
who  gave  it  the  name  of  the  river  whitj 
traverses  their  town,  called  Gadisfaa  or  tij 
Holy  Biver.  I 

i*jlj  kddim,  Coming,  arriying. 
j\a  tdr,  Pitch.  jshij 

c^li  kdr^,  A  boat  belonging  to  a  lai]^ 
cj\j   kdri^,   Gainer  at   drawing  loti 

iej\j,  Adversity,  evil.  ic^lSH,  Th 
day  of  judgment. 


(281) 


<^i; 


WB6II 

DuDttcos  tai  Horns,  finely  situated  on  the 
brow  of  a  lull    only   tliree    hours   from 

dCj  the  ADcient  J^aptha.  Between 
theae  two  places  the  cold  is  so  intense  that 
muj  ^enoos  bare  lest  their  livee  through  it 
Tbe  Tietims  commence  to  langh,  and  they 
contiiMK  to  do  80  till  Ibey  die.  The  only 
renedj,  wben  Ae  symptoms  of  langfaing  eom- 
neao,  ii  to  nu^e  ibiB  patient  walk,  and  to 
beat  him,  M  as  not  to  let  the  dreulation  of 
the  bbod  be  stopped.  Many  persons  ha^e 
Ittt  tiuirjioaBi  in  consequence  of  the  oold — 

beooe  eomce  the  Arabic  saying :    ^^ 

fietvee&Ianh  and  Nwtha  the  daoghters  of 
tbe  bags  weep  and  cry  (oat  of  the  cold). 

l»jj  k^rat,  A  flask.     An  alabaster 

vitt  (for  oinmient}. 

.jtji  Sarin,  Supposed  to  be  the  same 

pawn  called  Korah  (Numbers  chap.  xtI.^, 
▼hoffl  the  Mahometans  describe  as  the  cousin 
rf  Mofei  He  is  frequently  alluded  to  by  the 
vofti  lad  moralists,  not  only  as  extremely 
baodwrne,  but  as  possessed  of  immense  wealth, 
■foiled  by  his  skill  in  ehemistry,  and  ^e 
^Ms>raj  of  the  philosopher's  stone ;  whilst 
^  mriee  is  represented  as  so  remarkable, 
tto  liis  same  is  proTerbially  applied  to  all 
BJwn.  They  add,  it  was  on  account  of  his 
'^^  to  pay  Hoses  a  tythe  of  his  possessions 
f'T  the  poblic  use,  that  the  earth  opened  and 
twillowed  him  np. 

;>•  kdri,  A  reader. 

-^  iditm,  part  Dividing,  distributing ; 

<trtnTwtife. 

^^  iasi  (fern.  ij-»l5),  Hard,  cmel. 

^^^  Ja>-  jitial  idtiyiln,  A  monntain 
'« the  north  of  Damascus,  where  Oriental  tra* 
^OfQiaertsthat  Cain  killed  his  brother  Abel. 

-*-•  idiWr  (fern.  J;--»U),  part.  Excori- 
•ai?theikin(aMow). 

"* ^  iotid  (fem.  ifju^U),  A  messenger, 
^  eoorier.  One  who  definitiTely  intends  to 
*^'  f9BK«iimg  or  to  go  somewhere,  and  is 
^'^i  or   preparing    to   act    accordingly. 

Juil\  xM),  The  delegate  of  the 

|Vj&  Byna,  who  has  his  residence  in  Mount 

^^  idrir,  Befecdve,  insufficient,  un- 

q«l  impotent  [driving. 

-^^  iiUif,  part  Breaking,  shaking, 
f^  Idii  {UsBL  iLAi),  Bemote,  &r 

fiataat. 


^U   kadi,  A  «adi,    a   judge,   eivil, 
criminal,  and  eocle8iastic.^^xAMa31  ^^^» 

An  army  judge.     c:->U-W\  ^^> 
(God)  thejudgeof  the  neoesiitiee  (of  mankind). 


J^J,  Jj^  ^^  *^J33  **^  ^^^J 

\jbyi\  a3\,  I.  continued  sitting  in  the 

same  place  until  sunset,  in  a  state  of  distrac- 
tion from  the  violence  of  my  passion,  when 
lo,  the  judge  of  the  city  came  riding  along, 
with  slaves  before  him  and  servants  behind 
him,  and  alighted,  and  entered  t^e  house  from 
which  the  young  lady  had  looked  out ;  so  1 
kmew  that  he  must  be  her  father. 

iA>\j  kdiibat,  All  (mankind),  every  one. 

Jo\j  kattTf  part.  Distilling  gum  (a  tree, 
especially  that  called  dragon's  blood),  drop- 
ping urine. 

«Jbli  kdti^,  part  Gutting,  rescinding, 
dividing,  separating.    Decidve,  peremptory, 

categorical.      i}ij^^  ^^t   A   cut- 
purse,  a  highwayman,  an  assassin, 
d^lj  kdti^if^h,  Consumption  (in  trade). 

tmf  ^aiayih  kati^yah  ^Jmahj  This  article 
has  a  great  consumption. 

^U  kdtm  (pi.  ^Uai),  An  inhabitant 

AftlS  id^^,  A  saloon,  drawbg-room,  a 

hall,  the  parlour;  the  best  and  largest  apart- 
ment in  the  houae. 

iXxU  Id^id,  Sitting,  sedentary.'  IaJJ^ 

And  when  the  sun  rose,  he  arose  and  opened 
the  door  and  ascended  to  the  top.  He  sat 
there,  and  ceased  not  to  mt  until  nightfalL 

ise^j  ha^idaty  The  base,  basis,  founda* 

tion,  ground- work.  The  metropolis,  capital. 
A  xiile,  custom,  institution,  mode,  manner, 
style,  regulation. 

uJli  Kdf,  A  £Ed)ulous  mountain,  an- 
cieniiy  imagined  by  the  Asiatics  to  surround 
the  world,  and  to  bind  the  horizon  on  all  sides. 

JLlilS  h&JOat  or  haJUah  (pi.  of  Ji^ ),  A 
earevsn,  a  body  of  trwellers. 


$\j 


(282) 


U 


iLilS  l&fiyatuT  kdfiyah^  A  poem,  rhyme, 

cadence,  metre ;  the  last  conioiiant  in  a  rene, 
to  which  all  the  other  diatichs  rhyme. 

^IS  kdhdahf  Cardamoms;  t^  medicine. 

fi\j  Jtdkum,  The  ennine. 

JlS  itd/ (To  Bay).    He  said.     Jli^JJ 

ktUu-kalf  People's  remarks,  talk,  whisperings, 
grnmhlings  (These  two  words  are  yerhs,  8rd 

pen.  eing.  pret.     JlS,  is  actiye,  he 

said.     (Ja3  is  passive,  it  was  said). 

Va^U  kdltb,  A  form,  model,  mould, 
anythingin  which  or  from  which  another  is 
made.    The  hody,  a  bust,  shape,  figure,  body. 

^li  kdlt^  Who  polls  up  or  out,  ex- 
tirpates. 

i^\i  kdnuU,  The  stature,  shape,  form, 
figure.     X«U!1  J>£^  tawll  ai  kdmah, 

A  tall  man.     i^\si\    f^^ai  kasHr  al 

kdmahf  A  short  man,  of  a  short  statute. 
Shape,  form,  and  frame,  are  expressed  by 

«33  kad. 

^Ij  kdmi^  part.  Subduing.  A  con- 
queror. 

^/*0y^\j  idmns,  The  ocean,  the  middle  of 

1^  sea.    The  name  of  an  Arabic  lezioao, 

compiled  by  Firosbadl,  who  liyed  in  the  I4th 
century,  contemporary  with  Tamerlane ;  who 
made  him  a  present  of  6,000  ducats  as  a 
reward  for  his  industry  and  learning.  This 
dictionaiT  was  translated  into  Latin  by  Gig- 
geus,  ana  publiehed  at  Milan,  a.d.  1632. 

ulS  kdni^,  Contented,  satisfied. 

(JJurl  \j\i,  Cana  of  Galilee,  a  small  town 

of  Galilee  in  Palestine,  in  the  tribe  of  Zebulun, 
where  Christ  performed  his  first  miracle.  It 
is  so  called  to  distinguish  it  from  Cana  in  the 
tribe  of  Asher. 

^y  \j  idnUn,  A  species  of  dulcimer,  harp, 

orsackbut;  the  strings  of  which,  from  fifty 
to  sixty  in  number,  rest  upon  two  bridges,  and 
are  touched  by  both  hands,  without  making 
use  of  any  kina  of  plectrum  or  bow.  Its  name 
is  from  we  Greek  jcay^r,  or  frxim  the  same 
origin,  and  has  the  same  sisnification,  that  is, 
ruUt  ^^t  cuttom.  It  is  laid  upon  the  knees 
of  the  performer,  and  played  wiUi  two  plectra 
attachra  to  the  fore-fingers,  each  plectrum 
beine  placed  between  the  finger  and  a  ring  or 
thimDie.  There  are  three  chords  (of  lamb's 
gut)  to  each  note,  and  generally  twenty-four 
treble  chords  altogether.  A  canon,  rule,  regu- 
lation, form,  mo£,  manner,  law,  usage,  cus- 
tom, constitution,  statute,  ordinance. 

JblS  kdhtr  (partOi  Subduing;  triumphing. 


A  conqueror.  i^jS^  Ui  ^13  l^ 


when  the  event  appointed  by  the  Lord  o 
creatures,  the  Lord  of  the  earth  aad 
heavens,  befell  us,  I  said,  0  oompanioi 
arms  and  soldiers,  can  ye  prevent  tnat  n 
hath  befellen  me  from  the  Mighty  Kingf 

ijib\3  k&hirat  or  kdhirah^  A  conquer 

yictriz,  Augusta,   9jib\&\   Alk&kk 

2 "he  victorious)  Al  Cairo,  or  Grand  0 
e  metropolis  of  i^ypt  It  was  so  b« 
by  Giauher,  general  to  the  first  FaUi 
IQialif  of  Egypt,  who  ordered  the  foundd 
to  be  laid  ^.d.  968)  when  the  planet  1 
was  in  the  ascendant  (to  which  the  An 
astronomers  give  the  epithet  of  kabir,  oi 
conqueror).  It  was  completed  in  firejl 
and  was  considerably  enlarged  by  soccee 
princes,  particularly  by  Saladin,  who  intl 
the  new  and  the  old  town,  called  Mn 
Foethath,  with  a  wall  26,000  cubitiinciro 
ference. 

Jjli  hdydf  A  governor,  president 

^JL^\,  The  general  of  an  army. 

u^lS  kdffff  A  phjdognomist)  a  m 
mancei^  a  fintone-telkc,  aldlkd  in  sagos. 

JjIj  kUffl  (or  IjIj  kdiflan),  Saying. 

JSUllJj  ItUah*  durrul  Mya,  This  i 

phrase  used  to  express  admiration  of  the 
ness  to  the  subject  of  the  words  or  versa  o 
author  quoted.  It  may  be  translated,  ' 
God  be  ascribed  the  ezoellenoe  of  the  v 
of  him  who  said,'*  etc. ;  or,  *'  God  be  pn 
for  the  aptness  of  his  words  who  said,"  etc. 
perhaps,  <*  Divinely  did  he  speak  whoesid," 

Jli  kdym  (fem.  ^Ij),  Standing,  er 
firm,  fixed,  durable,  constant.     YigiUot, 

tentive,  assiduous,  perseTering. 
i*lL«  haym  mtJtdm,  A  lieutenant,  a  v 
gerent,  the  Kaimacan.  UjU  cs. 


Jju^  iji^\  ijJ\j  J-Jj  l^S3  ^ 

*^!^y^r^^  jy  j^  JjJ  dJ 
He  then  arose  erect  upon  lus  feet,  and  k 
the  head  of  his  sister,  aiter  which  hie  desce 
from  the  top  of  the  palace,  he  and  his  sist 

c»;Li  hhdhf  Vaults,  cupolas. 

^Li  hahdhatf  Deformity,  villany,  b 
ness,  dishonesty,  a  crime,  a  fenlt,  a  rat 
action.    Base,  shamefuL 


^ 


(283) 


JLJ  hldbi  or  kabdM,  Any  coniraot, 
specuUy  of  bixgim  and  sale^iigned  by  a  judge. 

;U5  JMdn,  A  gpeat  pair  of  scales. 
f'lj  labdyih  (pi.  ofi^Ji),  Crimes,  etc. 


jSli  kbd^a  (pL  of  ILi),   Tribes, 

faunilia,ete. 

•^  hM  (pL  of  £ij  £u3iaA),  Domes, 
cupolas,  doDied  edifices.   ^1  vj:..%ftA^ 

^^  ;:r**^  ^U}\  Vib  v/^  ^^ 


conyinced,   therefore, 


tbit  the  dome  which  I  had  seen  waa  one  of 
tit  tggs  of  the  nikh ;  and  I  wondered  at  the 
vorki  of  the  Creator,  whose  name  be  exalted ! 

*j  knUai,  A  cupola,  vault.     ^\  ^ 

^l^^-^^j\  A  mo6(rae  with  a  kioek,  near 
^^™cM,  where  the  Pasha  who  conducts  the 
Haj  pases  tilt  inftn^siit  of  his  journey. 

sl\uhihaiul  lUMT,  Th« Anh  of  Yio- 

^.  Hint  {u  from  where  the  Barada,  or 
KiTer  of  Damascus  (the  Ghrysorrhoea,  or 
^^^  Stream)  breaks  out  from  the  moun- 
^  00  the  crest  of  a  hill  oTerhanging  the 
plus,  itaodft  a  Mah  or  sepulchre  of  some  re- 
Tikd  Miusnfaiiin  saint.  This  place  is  called 
&9^Atd  Xasr,  sod  is  much  resorted  to  on  ac- 
l^'tBt  of  iti  unctity,  tiie  Parity  of  its  air,  and 
^<a  TOgoificeot  Tiew  it  affords.  Here  the  Tast 
p^  of  Damascus,  with  the  city  in  the  fore- 
rnasd,  and  the  suburb  of  Ssuahiah  at  his 
;^  can  be  sdmixed  by  the  trareller,  and  de- 
'f^tlus  pleased  fiincy.  Strictly  speaking, 
^'  plain  is  bounded  by  a  ridse  of  low  hills, 
''^  bgwerer.  in  the  neat  ouUine ;  but,  to  a 
\^fy>a  vmng  from  the  mountains,  it  appears 
'^'^  i  sea  of  land — the  commencement  of  a 
'^  world.  The  city  itself  stands  about  two 
^a  to  the  east  of  the  mountains,  em- 
y^v^  amidst  gardens,  and  encompassed  by 
^  ame  to  a  great  extent  all  around.  From 
^Zic^  tha  dense  mass  of  Terdure,  varying  in 
^  ^la  from  the  effects  of  a  beautiful  sun, 
^>ii^  and  minarets  without  number  raise 
'^Jftateljheads  hifh  up  into  the  air,  and 
!'«£  «nh  the  works  of  nature  in  gracefulness, 
'  <^  aad  »7mmetry.  The  River  Barada,  as 
'"131  it  issues  from  the  cleft  in  the  moun- 
^*^  ia  imiunfiately  divided  into  three  smaller 
f^  Thebugttt,  which  is  the  middle  one. 
"i-  iffftlj  to  the  city,  and  is  there  distributed 
''  t^e  different  pubhc  fbontains,  baths,  and 
--t^ns;  whilst  the  other  two,  branching  off 
^  Ad  left,  contribute  mainly  to  the  luxu- 
^^  T^^eutioa  which  adorns  the  environs, 
"•th-eart  of  the  dty  their  scattered  waters 
^^  sgatn  into  one  channel,  and  after  flowing 
'*vds  the  eastern  hills  for  two  or  three 


hours,  are  finally  lost  in  a  marsh,  which  from 
hence  appears  like  a  small  lake.  Well  may 
it  be  called  BiK^ham-uth-aharif,  *<  noble  and 
beautiful  Damascus " ;  and  well  may  the  en- 
thusiastic Arab  be  excused  when  he  applies  to 
it  the  more  exaggerated  epithet  of  jannah^  or 
<<  terrestrial  Paradise."     It  is  indeed  a  rare 

and  lovely  sight,     ^/^j*^^  ^  kubhat 

tidrls.  The  Arch  of  Enoch,  or  the  Dome  of 
Enoch.  This  is  the  name  which  the  inhabitants 
of  Balbec  give  to  a  small  octagonal  building 
like  a  temple,  surrounded  by  eight  beautifiu 
granite  columns,  which  are  nearly  all  standing, 
tiiough  the  roof  has  fallen  in.  Ijiis  is  situated 
in  the  plain  towards  the  Bekaa,  about  half  an 
hour's  walk  from  the  town  or  ruins  of  Balbec. 
The  Bible  tells  us  that  Cain  built  a  city  and 
called  it  after  the  name  of  his  son  Enoch  (Oen. 
iv.  17).  How  could  he  build  a  city  when  he 
had  no  people  to  make  dwell  in  it  P  Probably 
he  built  some  habitations  in  this  place,  and 
called  it  the  building  of  Enoch.  The  plain  of 
Bekaa,  or  Coele-Syna,  must  be  the  cradle  of 
the  ancient  patriarchs,  since  in  the  same  plain, 
and  half  an  hour  from  Zahle,  on  the  south 
side  of  the  village  of  Eerak,  the  inhabitants 
show  what  they  suppose  to  be  the  tomb  of 
Noah,  and  this  consists  of  a  tombstone  about 
ten  feet  long,  three  broad,  and  two  high, 
plastered  all  over.  Over  this  is  a  long  struc- 
ture, "'f '"g  nearly  sixty  feet,  the  height 

of  Noah  aooording  to  ne  local  Oriental  tradi- 
tion. The  Turks  visit  the  grave,  aad  aaart 
that  Noah  is  really  buried  there.  An  hour 
and  a  half  from  the  tomb  of  Noah,  two  hours 
frt>m  Zahle,  and  half  an  hour  from  the  village 
of  Fursul,  is  the  ruined  temple  called  Hermes 
Nieha,  the  celebrated  god  of  antiquity  under 
the  name  of  Mercury,  the  messenger,  inter- 
preter, and  cup-bearer  of  Jupiter. 

^  iabhy  Reprobatioii,  detestation,  hase- 

ness,  villany,  meanness,  deformity.  Kabikf 
Bad,  useless. 

j^  kabr,  A  sepulchre,  tomb,  monument. 
-  y  jj  kabr  Noah,  The  tomb  of  Noah. 

(See  (^jfc>^   ^    kubhat  idrii,    the 
Temple,  Dome,  or  Arch  of  Enoch). 
{j^Ji  KubroB,  The  island  of  Cyprus. 

^j^y  A  Cypriot.  ^j^  ^Vj,  The 
vitriol  of  Cyprus;  copperas. 


kahd,  Taking,  seizing,  capture, 
sequestration.  Griping.  Constipation.  Con- 
traction.  JlSj  JUJ\  JJ  ^J-c  c/a-ii 

j6Ai  Ji,  And  he  laid  hold  upon  the 


Jf* 


(284) 


^ 


jMtrtoi^f  hand,  Htying  to  him.  Enter,  and  speak 
with  my  master ;  for  he  caUs  for  thee.  And 
the  porter  wonld  have  reftised  to  enter  with 
the  page ;  bnt  he  conld  not 


kabdat  or  kabdah,  Power,  the  gripe 
of  a  sword;  a  handle.  LfJLJ  «X>*f  jli 

d^l^,  And  when  ihou  sbalt  have 

digged  her  to  thee,  thon  wilt  have  obtained 
her,  and  she  wiU  he  in  thy  possession ;  then 
take  care  of  the  dress  of  feathers,  for  as  long 
as  it  remaineth  with  thee,  she  is  in  thy  power, 
and  in  captivity  to  thee. 

kubdat,  A  handftil. 

kJ  kibt  (or  iJaJ),  Copts.      This  word 

is  the  abhremtion  of  the  Greek  word  At- 
,  ^ouptiotf  an  Egyptian ;  for  the  y  was  pro- 
nonneed  ou,  among  the  ancient  Greeks ;  and 
the  Arabs,  having  neither  p  nor  g  before  a,  o, 
«,  always  substitute  for  those  letters  k  and  b. 
The  Copts  then  are  properly  the  remains  of 
the  ancient  Egyptians.  They  are  ▼er?  honest, 
Tery  polite,  and  Terr  learned  at  ihe  same 
time.  By  these  qnalificationa  they  became 
the  only  depositanes  of  the  registers  of  ^e 
lands  and  tribes.  Under  the  name  of  writers, 
or  secretaries,  they  are  in  all  Egypt  the  inten- 
dants,  secretaries,  and  collectors  of  goTem- 
ment,  and  exercise  the  greatest  influence  in 
I^t. 

<mmj\k3  kabkdh,  A  wooden  shoe  or  sandal. 

JJ  JMl,  The  anterior  part,  the  front. 

Before.  Jj£L  jjt  J^,  Before  entering 
or  arriying. 

aJlj  kiblai  or  ikihlah,  Anything  opposite ; 

that  part  to  which  people  direct  their  face  in 
prayer  (especially  Mecca ;  towards  tiie  Caaba, 
or  temple,  of  which  ci^  the  Mahometans, 
in  whaicTer  quarter  of  the  world  they  are,  torn 

themselyes  when  going  to  pray.    Uii 

cy^b  ^  Ju-Jl  life  uXUlt  J\j 

CLfylil  J>tr>Mi1j  iX^mJ^  ^Lj&\  fJmSSmi^j, 

And  when  the  king  saw  this  lion,  he  made 
sure  of  destmction,  and  turning  his  &ce 
towards  the  south,  he  pronounced  the  two 
professions  of  the  faith,  and  prepared  for  death. 

£JuS  htMit  or  kublahf  A  kiss. 

ialnry  Tombs.    ^  JJb  ^Jlx  J^Ijj 


jl^l^  ^jmLtJi],  ITpon  this  table  ha 

eaten  a  thousand  oao-eyed  kinn«  and  a  tiw 
sand  kings  eaoh  soundin  botn  eyes.  AH 
them  haTe  quitted  the  world,  and  taken  | 
their  abode  in  the  sepulchres  and  the  grsTe^ 

fjyfj  iabul,  Beoeiving&Yoorably,  takij 
well,  consenting,  granting.  ApprobatioB,  oi 

cession.  J^^^  4ji/»  Acoeptab 
agvseable.  [taa] 

ijj  kubhah,  A  Tanlty  an  arch,  a  capola 
kabih  (fern.  X<i.«i),    Deforms 


ngly,  shameful,  base,    iai^l  T^> 
a  hideous  appearance.  ^ 

xJ^mJ  kahllaif  A  tribe,  a  fsmily,  ahoui 

kindred,  parentage,  race,  line,  stock,  gen^ 
tion,  progeny. 

Jl!a  kUdl,  A  battie,  eonilict»  oomb 
engagement,  daughter,  carnage,  destnurti 

opposing,  fighting.  ilJij\  AkL  U!  ^ 

^^  ti^j  COJl  J^    ViJjl 

^J^J  t)^  J^!^  ^i/*''*  So  wl 
he  was  told  that  thou  hadst  fourht  with 
kinff,  and  tiiat  conflicts  and  slan^ter  had 
sued  between  you,  he  was  terrified,  and  fla 

J^  kattdl,  Deadly.      J\^  \y^  id 
katidl,  A  deadly  medicine.    ^  U3  c  j 

jQ^kaUdl,  A  starving  anger.  Jcji 
hard  ktUtal,  A  deadly  odd. 

Jsj  kail,  Slaughter,  murder,  death. 
kill,  murder,  daughter. 

J^  koM  (fem.  iLL^S),  Killed,  m 
dered.    Js^  rJ^^J  ir^^  **^  ^ 

he  came  to  the  tree,  and  threw  himaelf  d 
like  one  slain,  desiring  to  take  rest  by  bis; 
trate  condition,  and  not  knowing  uiat  e 
one  who  is  an  object  of  search  resteth  i 
and  none  knoweth  what  is  hidden  from 
in  the  secrets  of  destiny.  [•] 

Jcj  hUaU  (pL  of  J^  imUl),  ' 


kakbak,  A  whore. 

k^  koM,  Soardty,  barrenneBs,  steril 
deamess,  penury,  hugeiv  vaAt»  fi^Twitt^ 


IjJ 


(285) 


jj 


J^  FMhtan,  The  name  of  a  man 

oUed  the  ftdw  «r  Anbia  Faliz. 

« 

j1^,  The  flcnrer  called  duysaii- 


sf  ii^(Apar&fepzeoediiigTei:!»,  rig- 

nAiig  in  tiie  preterite),  eertunlT,  already, 
Boe  time  niee,  long  ago,  formeny  (he  did 
K^:  (k&n  fcrbf  in  liie  praMst  or  Intare) 
icKtiBB^  nov  and  thea  (he  wili  come) ;  in 

viudiBenie  JiS  ia  alao  need;  though 
^H  vdl  as  maaj other  paxtLdea,  are  often 
■m  aplcdTo,  which  gire  a  nerroQineM  or 
^esaee  t»  the  ftyle,  whilat  the  sense  wonld  be 

I.  jiib^jStataie, 


ibipe^fiime.  Jilt  JijoiMMuliad,Tall, 

^s^itaUstatare,  tit&\j^^  huHrtU 
Uj  8faoit,  haying  a  ahort  atature. 

^\  Jj&ft«  fm^UMhd  had.  Having  a 
■iddlingttatore  (it  la  better  toaay  Jj  jt 
4«UliBdifUlt^^).  SjumJ)  Uw 


<i  A:^t^  »«xi^  4JU9-  cultbji   And 

^  dte  ladj  Dnnja  itood  there,  ^e  looked 
*^^9m  him,  nd  ohserred  the  hean^ 
«f  ha  £ms,  nd  his  elegant  ton. 

^^  htak,  A  fiie-ateeU  a  tinder-boz, 
or  oyfhiiig  similar.  ^3ihaiddl^K 
^  Apotter,  a  maker  of  glass  wave. 

L^^Ji  iaiiili,  The  maaa. 

^'•vj  hddAm^  Ancieat,  anterior,  prior. 
Tile  front,  the  projecting  part  ^t  oi 
ij^;  Befiire  aome.  blC«tjj,  In 
T^preflence.  ulXetjJ^,  From 
rw  pmeDoe.  ^t ji  yjjUlt  ^jt , 
ht  the  table  before  me.  ^JLaj  ) 
^lif ,  Bo  not  walk  before  me  (in  my 

''^hb  cvxj  the  pUte  (which  is)  before  me. 
y/^so^y^^f  Take  away  thia 

fi^myrigjit.  S^j\fSsiJ^\^X 
^  1^  pat  the  sogar   before   the   child. 

^y^  f^*^  ^/^\  J^f  Take  away 
^  «8virikieb  ia  befere  tha  ehiU. 


^Jki  haddh^  A  eap,  a  glaaa,  a  bowl,  any 

drinkiiig  reasel,  espedBlly  of  the  larger  aiie 
(soffleittt  for  two  m«a). 

j^  kadar,  Fate,   deatiny,  divine  pie- 
deatination,    providence.     Ij  ^jl£ Jiu 


■l^vjflJScA' 


u^l 


^  jj^ ,  I  am  grieved,  0  my  mother,  for 

that  which  haa  happened  to  thee ;  but  erery- 
Aing  is  in  aocordimce  with  fote  and  destiny. 

jjj  ladTf  Worth,  value,  dignity,  office. 

Power,  ability.      i jilt  J^ ,  Of  ex- 
alted rank.  ^' 

jSi  kadar,  Qoantity,  aa  much  aa.    «X>> 

Jjjj  ttf^Jj  ihoB  kadarmd  iuridf  Take 
as  mnch  as  yon  please. 

{•Jj  hudratf  Power,  potency,  vigour, 

force,  prowess,  anthority,  Tirtne.    One  of  the 
attribatea  of  God,  oaiiiipoteBoe,  providence. 

'  0  God,  I  implore  thy  forgiTenesa  c^  all 
offences,  and  torn  to  uiee  repenting  of  all 
fcnlts.  0  Lord,  there  is  no  animadrerting 
upon  Thee  with  respect  to  Thy  judgment  and 
Tny  power! 

^ji  hadriyah,  Those  who  believe  in 

fataliam,    feitalists.      h  %d>si\  c.^<Jb<x« 
mtzAob  al  kadriyakf  Fataliam. 

^^Jj  JTuds,  Jerusalem. 

A  jJ  iadam,  A  fbot,  the  sole  of  the  foot, 
the  fore  foot,   a  footstep.     A  step,  pace. 


,  Or  that  thy  repentance  will 

avail  thee  when  thy  feet  will  fail  thee  ?  Or 
that  thy  companiona  will  concern  themselTes 
for  thee  in  the  day  when  thy  doom  will  sum- 
mon thee  P 

U  j3  kudamd  (pL  of  ^  Ji)i  The  ancients. 

^y^Si  EadmUt,  An  important  district, 

situated  between  Tripoli  and  Latakia.  There  is 
no  doubt  that  this  district  received  its  name  from 
Cadmus,  the  son  of  Agenor  and  the  brother  of 
Syrna,  Giliz,  Phoenix,  and  Europe,  who  ^ve 
their  names  respectively  to  Syria,  Cilida, 
PhcBuicia,  and  Europe. 


^? 


(286) 


!/ 


i^jj  kidwat,  An  examplci  model,  any 
person  or  tiung  imitated ;  a  man  of  renown. 

j\jli\  ij^yif  An  example  of  justice,  a 

model  of  equity.  (^^J'^^  ^j^^*  ^ 
hononr  or  pattern  to  his  nation. 

;jM^jJ  kuddus,  Holy,  blessed ;    hence 
one  of  the  names  of  God. 

i*^  Jj  kudum,  The  approach  or  arrival  of 

a  person  near  to  us.  A^^J^d^^ic^MsJjb 
hal  »ami^  bikudumuh,  Haye  yon  heard  of  his 

arrival?    ^^Jlaj  w«^  ^  J^J^^ 

jr^^hiai  oiJ\f  Every  one  who  heard  of 

his  arrival,  came  to  him,  and  inquired  the 
state  of  his  voyage,  and  the  state  of  the 
different  countries,  and  he  informed  them. 

AjjJ  kaddum,  A  hatchet,  an  axe. 

jj  jj  Jtaild,  Dried,  shrunk.  Flesh  smoked 

M 

or  dried  hy  the  wind, 
jjj  kadir^  Powerful.      An  epithet  of 

God.  Jlc  u:^^^  Jju;  I*  JIJSI  uiili 

'luJ,  For  Thou  art  not  to  be  ques- 
tioned regarding  that  which  Thou  dost,  and 
Thou  art  able  to  do  whatsoever  Thou  wilt 
Extolled  be  Thy  perfection !  Thou  enrichest 
whom  Thou  wilt,  and  whom  Thou  wilt  Thou 
impoverishest.  Thou  magnifiest  whom  Thou 
wilt,  and  whom  Thou  wilt  Thou  abasest. 

A^Ji  kadim  (pi.   Ujj),   Ancienti  old. 
Former,      j^^  ^   min  kadim,  Ab  ' 

antique,  time  out  of  mind.  Uj  Jj  kadi' 

man,  Of  old.  ^^  JJ  Pertaining  to  the 
olden  time. 

i_Jf  jj  katzdf,  A  balista,  a  catapulta,  a 

cross-bow,  or  any  engine  for  throwing  stones 
or  darts.  JTwzco/,  Battlements,  pranacles, 
turrets.  Kizaf,  The  velocity  of  a  galloping 
horse. 


.     •     M 


koMff  Accusation,  crimination,  im- 
peachment, reproach,  censure. 

i*\3  kirdat,  Beading. 

c^Uj  kirdb,  A  sword  sheath,  also  a  case 
in  which  it  is  laid  up  with  all  its  appurtenances. 

ij\j3  kardhat  (or  ^UmmJ  ^|^),  Propin- 


quity, affinity,  relationship,  kindred, 
guinity,  parentage,  alliance.    \^j\ 

l\/^\Jj^\^i^ijy^\i,  Be 
dred  by  love,  and  put  no  trust  in  kia. 

^1^  karrdhah,  A  large  flagon  or 

with  two  handles  and  a  spout  (espediDji 
of  glass],  in  which  they  allow  wine  to 
foi^  days  in  order  to  refine. 

^\J  kardhln  (pL  of  J}J  hwM 
Sacrifices.    Beasts  sacrificed  or  for  sacrifiee. 

j\Ji  kardr,  Constancy,  firmness,  stabili^ 

A  safe,  undisturbed  habitation,  rest,  pe«M 
quietness,  repose.    Conclnsion,  determiiutior 

j^\j^^  kardr  al  hahr,  The  bottom  o 
the  sea.    ij^^j^\  dXlJ  ^/^^ 


Jl/ 


^\yti\j,  This  island  had  moved,  a 

descended  to  the  bottom  of  the  sea  with  i 
that  were  upon  it;  and  the  roaring  * 
agitated  with  waves,  closed  over  it. 

krdl  or  kirdl  (firom  the  Sdavonu 
A  king,  chief,  prince.  | 

^^U|^  JTardmdn^  Garamania.    A  toi 

in  Asiatic  Turkev,  in  Caramania.  Pop.  liM 
The  town  stanos  at  the  8.  extremitj  ci 
large  plain,  and  at  the  foot  of  the  loftV  m 
of  Bealerin-da^h,  a  branch  of  Mount  taan 
It  covers  with  its  squares  and  gardens  a  la 
area:  the  houses  are  of  mud  and  son-^ 
bricks.  The  climate  is  salubrioui.  Wa 
abundant  Four  mosques,  with  the  nisi 
others:  numerous  Uums  and  baths.  Oai 
on  a  height,  now  decaying.  Trade  w 
Eaisariah,  Smyrna,  Aleppo,  Tanus,  in  oot 
fabrics,  hides,  and  nut-galls.  It  has  a  pn 
exteosive  manu^Miture  of  blue  cotton  ck 
worn  by  the  lower  classes.  Kmii^inaii^  wk 
occupies  the  site  of  the  anci^it  LarajMiA 
said  to  have  been  founded  by  Karamaa  0^ 
a  powerful  prince,  living  in  the  1 4th  cent 
It  was  the  capital  of  a  Turkish  kin^ 
which  lasted  from  the  time  of  the  partr 
of  the  Seljuldan  dominions  of  Iconium 
1486,  when  Xaramania  was  subjected  by 
Ottoman  emperor  Bayazet  II.  Koniehl 
became  the  seat  of  the  Pashalic,  and  I 
that  period  Karaman  has  been  grsMluallj 
ing  into  decay. 

j^l^  kirdn,  Approach,  junction,  conji 
tion  of  planets. 

^^\j3  kurdn,  Beading.     The  Alcoran 
^j|^  kirayai  or  ktra^-ai,  Beading  al 


(287) 


-V» 


J  i  km^m  (pL  of  Lj^  iarfnai),  Indi- 

aom  from  whowe  iaftmieei  an  drtwn. 
iBfisaeeL  [proach* 

w;i  ii0^,  ITeiglkboiirhood,  Ticinitj,  ap- 
Jd^  Md;^  A  riding  whip. 

J^J  hmkn,  A  saorifice,  yictim,  obla* 
tioB.  TWwmiminn, 

iij  tifkt,  A  large  leather  water  bag. 

ArHKiiM,Tidiiitj,  intiiiiacj.  AiBnitj, 

pmiai^,  fnnliaritj. 

^i«y/  itfito,  The  bow  of  a  saddle. 

••• 

iJ  and,  Tbe  pupil  of  the  eye. 

^yjlr«(,  Being  nloerooa.  iQirA,woand- 
ing,  gkntbig.   (PI.  ^ j^y ),  A  wound, 

i>j  bri^,  One  wonnd  with  a  aword. 

Om  ileer,  piomle,  pnrtnle.  XurKatj  A  small 
teas  tbe  fivdiead  of  a  hone ;  ako  a  speck 
•  dkeefe.  [marmoset 

•y  M,  A  male  ape,  monkey,  baboon, 
ui  IMi^,  (pL  j^Ji  UrHd)f  A  she  ape. 
^/  iw,  A  roimd  ball  of  paste  or 


cr, 


4^/M,  Debt,  loan. 

V*!y  CWi^Mwia^,  Carthage,  a  cele- 

^d^  of  Africa,  the  riiral  of  Borne.  The 
tins  of  its  foundation  is  nnknoim. 
TriteiB  saj  that  it  was  first  built  by 
tbovl  869  years  before  the  Ohristian 
a;  othen,  serenty-two  or  mnetj-three  years 
Ur  the  (JMradBtion  of  Borne.  Carthage  and 
ikRjablieiooriihedfbr  737  years;  and  the 
^diita  greatest  glory  was  under  Hannibal 
•1  Haadkv.  It  maintained  three  fiunons 
*to  ifiiast  Borne,  called  the  Panic  Wan, 
>d  Tit  at  last  totally  destrojed  by  Bdpio, 
2f*KQQd  Africanns,  B.a  147.  In  eircnm- 
^Meitwas  twenty*thTee  miles;  and  when 
M  ea  tie  by  the  Somans,  it  burned  inces- 
■iydaraig  serenteen  days.  Csesar  planted 
>Mi&  eoloBy  on  its  rains,  mid  Adrian  reboilt 
Jiat  <f  it,  which  he  designated  Adrianopolis. 


lit  Africa,  falling  into  the  hands  of  the 
^is  the  seventh  centory.  The  Oartha- 
P>Miire  goTemed  as  a  republic,  and  had 
"^fanss  yearly  chosen  among  tiiem  with 
>^«Kbonty.    They  bore  the  diaraeter  of  a 


***■■■  sad  treacherous  people  amongst  the 
w^  and  the  prorerb  hmiea  JUet  is  wdl 
*3^  bat  it  does  not  prore  that  they  were 
|a  lo  1W9,  ocaETations  were  carried  on  by 
^  Eag^  end  French  archsBologists  on  the 
■tc  of  ttoB  nsiMt  city,  and  ssTeral  discoreries, 


ftirther  rerealiiu^  the  social  and  moral  oha* 
racter  of  ita  £rmer  inhabitants,  was  the 
result. 

^ILyi  tartdi,  Paper. 

Liff^  JSurtubahf  Cordova  in  Spain.  Also 

an  ancient  town  in  Phoenicia,  near  Beirut,  in 
Honnt  Lebanon.  The  Phoenicians  of  Kartaba 
fbunded  as  their  colony  the  celebrated  town  of 
CordoTa,  the  capital  of  the  ^roTinoe  of  the 
same  name,  in  wtuch  there  existed  a  magnifi- 
cent temple  dedicated  to  Venus  by  the  same 
PhoBuieians,  near  which  Alnaser  built  the  town 
of  Zuhra  to  the  west  of  the  same  province. 

^y  A«^  Bastard  saffiron. 

ft  yi  iar^,  Knocking  (at  a  gate),  beating, 
striking  (with  a  stick,  etc.,  on  the  head). 

^^j  iU^  d^LJ  ^J  ^y^  ^U 

^J\  imj\i  ^^li  CL'JJ^,  I  have  no 

resource  except  to  knock  at  thy  door ;  and  if 
I  am  rejected,  at  whose  door  sliall  I  knock  P 

Ly  kara^f  Baldneaa.    JTtir^a^,  A  lot. 
JLi^  hirfahy  Cinnamon.      The  bark  of 


an  aromatic  tree,  resembling  the  camnhire,  or 
olire-tree,  and  growing  in  the  island  of  Cerlon. 
Cinnamon-water  is  mMe  by  distillinf^  the  Dark, 


first  infused  in  barley-water,  in  spint  of  wine, 
or  white  wine. 

jf^  htrhOTy  A  large  ship. 

LuubJ^  Eerkeiia,  A  tpwn  on  tiie  En* 
phrates,  near  the  KhabQr. 

j^Ji  Xirm,  The  Crimea.   The  Tanrio  or 

Cimmerian  Chersonese.   f^J&\jas^,  The 
Enxine  Sea. 

^U^  Karamdn,  Caramania  (Cilioia). 

j^3  kirmig,  Cochineal,     i^j^  ibrmni!, 

Scarlet 
ju^  hirmldy  Tiles. 

^^  lam  (pi.  (i;j[/)i  A  horn.  An  age. 
Kam,  The  top  of  a  mountain ;  also  a  century. 

U^  hurand  (pi.  of  ^y  iflrfn),  Asso- 
ciates, companions.  The  personal  suite  of  the 
sovereign. 

XiJ  kumat,  A  comer. 

Ji3i  karanJU,  The  dove  jillyflower. 

-jjp  kurnh  (pi.  of  -y  karh),  Ulcers, 

sores. 
Jjj^  kurikd  (pi.  of  J^),  Apes.  Jj^l  U  W 


{J^ 


(288) 


^'  L5**J  S*^/^'»  -^"^  *^®  ^ps"  came 

to  TUB  and  snrroimded  the  Teasel  on  every  side, 
Bnmerons  as  loeustB,  and  dispersed  themselves 
about  the  vessel  and  on  the  snore. 

^^J  hurun  (pL  of  ^  lam),  Ages, 
spaces  of  time. 

i^y  kura*  (pi.  of  i^  *any<f),  VUlagos. 

c-^y  karlh,  'Near,  in  point  of  time, 

plaoe,  or  connexion.  Keighbonring  (place), 
near  (the  time);  connected  (by  relationship). 
Nearly,  hard  by,  with,  in  his  possession. 
About. 

iy  iirifat  (pi.  XAj),  A  Tillage. 

^^  karth,  Ulcerated. 

iisrj  karlhat  or  iarihah,  Natnre,  genius, 
anything  to  which  the  mind  has  a  peculiar 


(jjjy  RurayBh,  A  noble  tribe  in  Arabia, 

of  which  Mahomet* 8  grandlather,  AbduTmo. 
tallub,  was  prince. 

jl^  karfr,  Cool,  free  fjpom  redness  and 

'  signs   of  grief  (the  eye).    ^^ja^Sji/ 

kartrta  j^offn  (Whose  eyes  are  free  from  "all 
redness  of  grier),  Happy. 

(^y  JTtrfm,  Crim  Tartary.     See  ^^, 

^^  iarin,  Connected,  joined,  next,  con- 
tignoos,  adjoining^  related,  allied,  adhering, 
tied  with  the  same  rope.  A  friend,  companion, 
eontemporary.    doend,  of  the  same  age.    A 

conspirator,  assodato.      J^jill  ^  J, 

Acceptable,  agreeable.  •  * 

Lj^  karinat,  A  wife. 
Jj  iocs,  Baw  silk. 

^jS  hwuih,  in  ^J5  ^jyy,^  hawB-kmah  (The 

bow  of  hmah)^  The  rainbow. 
^^  ktmdn,  A  cauldron. 
jlCt^  kaxdlr,  Tin,  pewter. 
j^UfS  The  Persian  sect  of  Ali. 
fjji  koi,  A  priest.     It  is  the  abbrevia- 

tion  of  ^/«-*J  katiU,   and  it  is  put 
before  the  proper  name  of  the  priest,  like  the 

Fra  in  Italian.  L>.  ^ ,  Priest  John, 

or  Brother  John.    fj^Jij  ^,  Priest 

Peter,  or  Brother  Peter.    ^J^j^j 

\si>,  wa  kts  ^M  head,  And  so  with 
x^^gud  to  the  rest;  et  esstera. 


l*Ui  kauam,  A  distributor,  a  giyer. 
jf^Lj  kasdwat,  Cruelty. 

la-^J  kitt.  Justice,  equity.  JTm/,  Ao 
stalment,  a  dividend. 

UmUomJ  hutoB,  A  balance,  a  pai^ 
•Bales.    Justice,  equity.  [^ 

LUxmJ  kuttdt,  A  curtain  befiue  a  d^ 

<Sj;  jVtvVi  kMSEu9ia9i^iniyah,Coasttai^\ 
called  also  Islambol,  or  Btambnl.  In  oil 
correspondence  the  Ottomans  call 

<uU!t  Sj\iJi\  al  istdnat  ul  ^alii/ak\ 

the  High,  the  Sublime  Thiwhold,  ths  i^ 
Court  or  Hall,  the  Capital  (jmt  exceUff^ 
Constantinople. 

^^mn\]ruiJ  EMimHn,  Gonstantine. 

|M«J  kasam,  An  oath,  dllb  ^mmJ,  To  ^ 
Qod  to  witness.     Eamn  or  kitm^  Diri^ 

|M*i,  To  diyide,  to  make  a  partij 
amongst  others.    To  make  a  measure  ig 


able  to  its  just  standard.    To  expeodf  to 

pose  of.    Jtum,  A       

lind,  sort,  species. 


of.    Aufn,  A  part,  portion,  diviacn- 


<U«J  kttmat,  A  dirision,  distributi 

portion,  lot,  share.    Fate,  fortune,  the  de 
of  God.    Destiny. 

{j»*i**tA  katiU,  A  priest,  a  monk. 
\JuJ  kaahsh,  Holm,  straw,  stubble. 
jmJ  kUhr,  Bark,  skin,  crust,  husk,  sh 
A-4:-J|^-SJ,  An  egg-sheU. 

»jJm3  kishrat,  Any  ooTering^  natural 
accidental.  A  shell,  pod,  husk,  scale,  i 
bark,  cuticle,  cmst 

iijij*^  kuha^rai.  Horror,  making 
hair  stand  erect    The  trembling  of  a  frvc 

wUu  koBBdh,  A  butcher.  [on  ^\ 

<U^l^  koisdhiyai,  A  certam  duty  pajf 

jLai  AoMfir,  A  fuller,  a  bleacher,    i , 
kismrat.  The  fiiller's  or  hleiusher's  art.  ^ 

jjfiUaS  ^d«,  The  law  of  x^taliatj 
Bevenge,  retribution. 

«>jLxj  kasdyid,  Poems,  elegies. 
<U^ ^o^  A  reed,  a  cane.    Thewi 

pipe. 

"  koBobai,  A  town,  a  large  rillag 
ktBMoi,  A  history,  tale.  Cable,  i 
logue.    ^y£  X^j  JuJoA  £ilC»- 


r*- 


^ 


(289) 


yM 


^^1  And  my  story  iaextraordinaiy, 

ad  mj  tile  ii  prodiponii  and  tlie  canae  of 
mT  ffm%  to  tuB  momitain  ia  wondrooa  to 

nble! 

Xfli  U;  Intention,  dcngn,  refolution, 
toudka,  Kope,  Tiew,  maehhiation,  fvo- 
j«ct,d£batioii,  attempt,  endeaTOor,  denre, 
li^iiL  To  intend,  propoae  to  one'i  self. 

^^pnieeeM  to  aeditate  imon  her  caae, 
fldnivitliaihmiBelf:  I  will  liae  and  la j 
atifpoa  hff,  tad  aik  her  rapeeting  her  state, 
odif tkji be ihe,  I  will  <i*wi^M<  her  in  mar- 
^apofkottlf;  and  tUa  ia  the  thing  I  aeek. 

^  him  and  Jl^  ^  ^an  JbM^n, 

^ai  Dvgntdlj,  with' malice  prepenaeu 

p  i«Mr,  To  diminiflh,   abbremte, 

^^  esntnet    To  draw  baek  the  hand, 
^^vithdaw  from  anj  honness. 

j^kift  k  ptlaoe,  an  elegant  Tilla. 

Ji^f^  iairwhdilta,  Arojal  palace. 

\j^  Hmt,  Hiatories,  sarrationsy  fables. 

^*^  ^^  A  dish,  a  plate,  a  saucer ; 

^  bHOB  or  teale  of  a  haJanocL 

,«^  faiiir,  A  defect,  defenlt,  decrease, 

^^  vat,  defideacj,  remainder;   error, 
si,teli 

ff^buir(jL  cfj^  bur),  Falaoes, 
'■Dm,  CMtka.    «juk  AujI  4.,,^  ^l(y 


c-'^'i^  i:r*  t^y^  ,^5=^^  *^^'  cT* 

V^\  ^  j-iUI,  xiiJ^  ^^,  He 

^^itiiijonng 
<Wbedi] 

^  *»  ho  tronb—  — —  — 

*^  tiap,  tDi  «Mi  thenTbailt  aeren  palaeos 


HUttToav  lady  his  daughter,  whom  I 
Eto  tiiee.  with  eioeedinff  love. 
Kongitt 


each  of  a  parliettlar  Uad;  the  firrt  was  of 
cryatal,  the  aecond  of  marble,  the  third  of  the 
ixoaof  Chma,  the  foorth  of  metali  and  pre|doaB 
stoaea,  the  flfUi  of  onjz,  the  sixth  of  aiWer, 


and  the  eerenth  of  gold.  jya&\  al 
bMTp  The  palaces,  or  jyaA\  ^ J^ 

nmdSiuU  0I  ihtfiir.  The  town  of  palaees,  now 
oalled  Ijmor^  is  the  represcntatiTe  of  the 
ancient  Tnebea,  rednoed  to  the  condition  of  a 
miserable  TiUage ;  it  baa  left  astonishing  monu- 
ments of  its  magnificence.  These  monnments 
give  credilnlitj  to  all  that  Homer  has  ralaled 
of  its  nlendonr,  and  lead  as  to  infer  of  its 
political  power  and  extenial  oommeree.  Its 
geoeraphical  position  waa  fitTOorable  to  this 
tworola  object  For,  on  one  side,  the  Talley 
of  the  Kile,  aingnlarly  fertile,  mnst  have  eaily 
occaaioned  a  nnmerona  popnlation;  and,  on 
the  other,  the  Bed  Sea»  giTUf  communication 
with  Arabia  and  India,  and  the  Nile  with 
Abyssinia  and  the  Mediterranean.  Thebea 
was  thns  naturally  allied  to  the  richeat  conn- 
tries  on  the  globe ;  an  alliance  that  procured 
it  an  aetiTi^  so  much  the  greater,  as  Lower 
Sgypt,  at  first  a  swamp,  was  nearly,  if  not 
totally,  uninhabited.  But  when  at  length 
this  eoantry  had  been  drained  by  the  canala 
and  dykea  which  Sesostris  oonstrncted,  popu- 
lation waa  introduced  there,  and  wars  arose 
which  proved  fatal  to  the  power  of  Thebea. 
Gommeree  then  took  another  route,  and  de- 
aoended  to  the  point  of  the  Red  Sea,  to  the 
canala  of  the  Sesostris,  and  wealth  and  aetivity 
were  transferred  to  Memphis  Thus  Thebes 
eootinaed  to  decline,  and  Memphis  to  flourish, 
till  the  time  of  Alexander,  who,  building 
Alexandria  on  the  border  of  the  sea,  caused 
Memphis  to  &U  in  its  turn ;  so  that  prosperity 
and  power  seem  to  have  descended  historically 
step^by  step  idong  the  Nile.  The  Thebana 
considered  tnemseWes  Uie  most  ancient  people 
of  the  earth,  and  asserted  that  with  them 
originated  philosophy  and  the  science  of  the 
stars.  They  supposed  themselTes  also  to  be 
the  inventors  of  divine  worship,  of  festivala, 
of  solemn  assemblies^  of  sacrifices,  and  every 
other  religions  praetice;  that  the  Egyptians 
were  one  of  their  colonies ;  and  that  the  Delta, 
which  waa  formerly  sea,  became  land  by  the 
conglomeration  of  the  earth  of  the  higher 
eountiT  which  waa  washed  down  by  the  Nile. 
They  nad,  like  the  Egyptians,  two  speoies  of 
lettOT — ^hier^lypbics  iad  the  alphalodt ;  but 
among  the  j^gjptians  the  first  was  known 
only  to  the  priests,  and  by  them  transmitted 
from  &ther  to  son :  whereas  both  species  were 
common  among  the  Ethiopiana.  The  ruins 
of  Thebes,  that  ancient  and  celebrated  town, 
deaerve  to  be  visited,  as  just  these  heaps  of 
ruins  laved  by  the  Nile  are  all  that  remain  of 
the  opulent  citiee  that  gave  lustre  to  the 
ancient  Idngdom  of  Ethiopia.  Here  is  the 
monument  of  its  ^lendid  metropolis,  Thebes 
with  its  hundred  palaces,  the  progenitor  of 
cities,  the  memento  of  human  frailty.  It 
was  there  that  a  people,  since  forgotten,  dis- 
covered the  elementa  of  science  and  art,  at  a 

19 


l^ 


(290) 


\^p 


time  wben  all  other  men  were  barbennii,  ad 
when  a  race,  now  regarded  at  the  refine  of 
■ocietj,  explored,  amonff  the  phenomena  of 
nature,  tnose  cifil  and  reugiona  ajBtema  which 
hare  since  held  mankind  in  awe. 

i^y^    huwtff    Far    distant,    remote 
(country,  etc.).    The  extremity. 

^U^  hUioh^  A  hiBtoryi  tale,  romance, 
fiEible, apologue,  ^^t^^  ^^^\ 

if  jt  n  III  \\  SJJb  _Lfi  Jiifi^l  ^\  J^ 

Know  that  my  atorj  is  wonderful.  And  I  will 
inform  thee  or  all  that  happened  to  me  hefbre  I 
attained  thii  prosperity  and  tat  in  this  place 
wherein  thou  seest  me. 

Lioi  kasyd,  An  extremity. 

ktuHdat  or  huHddh  (pi.  JjLoi  and 

zAiX^),  A  poem. 

ha^r  (fem.  ij^^),  Defectiye,  un- 
equal, short 

Lii  kadd,  The  office  or  sentence  of  a 

^'udj^,  a  decree,  mandate,  judgment,  order, 

jurisdiction.     Fate,  destiny,   predestination, 

fatality,  death.    An  accident,  chance. 

J5*  ^  j  J^j  *  s^r-V  !^'  2»  j\j\  \j\ 

\o\  ^p^  «jbiSl  j^if  ^dic  ^Ui^  J.^ 

jCi  *  ^p-  U^  ^p-  Ui  JJJ  Ij 


*jji^  «LiAi  ^j^.  When  Godwilleth 

an  eyent  to  befall  a  man  who  is  endowed  with 
reason,  and  hearing  and  sight,  He  deafeneth 
his  ears,  and  hlindeth  his  heart,  and  draweth 
hu  reason  from  him  as  a  hair,  till,  haying  ful- 
filled His  purpose  against  him,  He  restoreth 
him  his  reason  that  he  may  he  admonished. 
Then  say  not  of  an  eyent.  How  did  it  happen  P 
for  ererything  happeneth  by  &te  and  destiny. 

jj^l^  Idill  al  Jcadd  wdl  kadar,  Fate 

and  destiny.  The  belief  in  fate  and  destiny 
exercises  a  most  powerfid  influence  upon  the 
actions  and  character  of  the  people  of  the 
East,  hoth  Muslims  and  Christians.  Many 
MnsUms  hold  that  fate  is,  in  some  respects, 
aheolute  and  unchangeable ;  in  others,  admit- 
ting of  alteration;  and  dmost  all  of  them 
act,  in  many  of  the  affairs  of  life,  as  if  this 
were  their  belief.     In  the  former  case  it  is 

called  Jl^t  LdiSl  al  kadd  al  muhkam, 


The  absolute  and  unchangeable  fite,  sod 
the  latter  f^j^\  Li^l  al  kada  . 

mubramf  The  changeable  fiite.  Hence  tl 
Prophet,  it  is  said,  prayed  to  he  preserred  fro 
the  latter,  knowing  that  it  might  he  sveiU 
whilst  the  muAkam  could  not  be  ehan^  Tl 
doctrine  of  the  Kui^fcn  and  the  TrsditioDi  t 
speeting  the  decrees  of  God,  or  ftte  i] 
destiny,  i^pear  to  be  that  they  are  aUomth 
aheolute  iad  unchangeahle,  written  in  tae  b 
einningof  the  creation  on  the  Picscryod  Tahl 
{aiUnouA  al  mahfut)  in  heayen ;  but  still 
must  he  held  that  He  has  not  predestined  t 
will,  though  He  sometimes  incunes  it  to  goc 
and  the  Seyil  sometimes  inclines  it  to  «t 
It  is  asked,  then.  If  we  haye  the  power  to  vi 
but  not  tiie  power  to  perform  otherwise  tb; 
God  has  predetermined^  how  can  we  be  r 
guded  as  responsible  beings  P  The  answer 
Uiis  is,  that  our  actions  are  judged  good 
eyil  according  to  our  intentions,  if  we  ha 
faith:  good  actions  or  intentions,  it  ibos 
be  addeid,  only  increase,  and  do  not  caoie,  a 
hafrpiness,  if  we  are  belieyen ;  and  eyil  uAo^ 
or  intentions  only  increase  our  miseiT  if  ] 
are  unbelieyers  or  irreligious :  for  the  Mmli 
holds  that  he  is  to  be  admitted  into  hesrt 
only  by  the  mercy  of  God  on  account  of  li 
futn,  and  is  to  be  rewarded  in  proportion  to  fa 
good  works,  ete.  On  this  subject  a  pliilos 
pher  makes  the  following  obeeryations:  " 
IS  in  yain  that  man  attributes  his  misfortaq 
to  obscure  and  imaginary  agents,  and  lee 
out  remote  and  mysterious  causes  from  whii 
to  deduce  his  eyils.  In  the  general  order 
the  uniyerse  his  condition  is  doubtless  sabjecv 
to  inconyeniences,  and  his  existence  OTer-mll 
by  superior  powers;  but  these  powen  j 
neither  the  decrees  of  a  blind  destiny  nor  tl 
caprices  of  a  fantastic  being.  ManisgoTeiu 
like  the  world  of  which  he  forms  a  ptrt,  | 
natural  laws,  regular  in  their  operation,  coos 
quent  in  their  effects,  immuteble  in  tb 
essence ;  and  these  laws,  the  common  soar 
of  good  and  eyil,  are  neither  written  in  ti 
distent  stars,  nor  concealed  in  mrsteriti 
codes : — ^inherent  in  the  nature  of  sU  terr< 
trial  beings,  identified  with  their  eiiiteB< 
they  are  at  all  times,  and  in  all  places,  preM 
to  the  human  mind ;  they  act  upon  the  km 
inform  the  intellect,  and  annex  to  ereiy  ten 
its  punishment  and  ite  reward.  L^t  ni 
study  these  .laws ;  let  him  understend  his  w 
nature,  and  the  nature  of  the  beings  that  si 
round  him,  and  he  wUl  know  the  sprisp 
his  destiny,  the  canses  of  his  erils,  and  j 
remedies  to  be  applied.  When  the  sed 
power  which  animates  the  uniyerse  formed  4 
globe  of  the  earth,  He  stamped  on  the  bdl 
which  compose  its  essential  properties  tl 
which  beciune  the  rule  of  their  indiria 
action,  the  tie  of  their  reciprocal  oonneii 
and  the  cause  of  the  harmony  of  the 
He  hereby  estehlished  a  regular  order  of 
and  effects,  of  principles  and  consequ* 
which,  under  an  appearance  of  chance,  goi 
the  uniyerse,  and  maintoined  the  eqmli 


UJ 


(891) 


of  the  worE  Tba«  He  gaTe  to  fire  motion 
and  aetirity,  to  air  eUstieity,  to  matter  weight 
ind  deimtf;  He  made  air  ^ghter  than  water, 
metak  hcaiier  than  earth,  wood  leas  ooheaiTe 
than  steel;  He  ordered  the  flame  to  aacend, 
the  itoDe  to  faO,  the  plant  to  Tegetate ;  to 
naiif  vbom  He  decreed  to  expose  to  the  en- 
ceonta  of  ae  nany  subataneea,  and  yet  wished 
to  praerre  hia  frail  exiatence,  He  gave  the 
&altj  of  ]»eneptioii.  By  thia  facnUy  eyery 
letba  mjoiioiia  to  hia  life  nrea  him  a  aenaa- 
tkn  of  pain  and  evil,  ana'  eyery  fayonrable 
sctioft  a  aeoaation  of  pleaanre  and  good. 
XatBR^  in  forming  man,  haa  aeemingly  aaid 
tohna,  'Feeble  work  of  my  handa,  I  owe  you 
Bothiny,  I  giTc  you  life.  The- world  in  wmch 
I  pliee  Toa  waa  not  made  on  your  account, 
BUTetlgiantyon  the  uae  of  it  Ton  will 
ii&da  it  a  mixture  of  good  and  eyil :  it  ia  for 
m  to  distingaiBh  them ;  you  muat  direct  your 
0^  stepa  in  the  paiha  of  flowera  ana  of 
tfafiiBs.  Be  the  arbitrator  of  your  lot ;  I  place 
TDor  deitiny  ia  your  handa.* ' 

^^  hddt  (pL  of  ^U),  Judges. 

<r^  ladih,  A  long  slender  branch  or 

JfA.  A  bow  of  the  branch  of  a  tree. 

h^  U^yat  or  Jiadiyah  (pi.  UUS),  A 

^.  EQbstance,  action,  fact.    A  declaration, 
pTo^poolion,  dedaion,  determination. 

^iai,  Never.     Lj^U  JUb  j-^1  J,  I 

ficTer  heard  this  news  before.,  njaj  \  H 
a-'i  I  will  never  see  him.  u^^  jl  i 
^^1,  I  will  never  go  to  him.  J 
fii  il\  u.^ jt.  I  never  went  to  him. 
^^  aJ  cj^  lU  haUd/akiariifihi  hat, 
Kd  you  never  think  of  it  before?  <::^\ 
^*  Oj  J  Jai;  J  anta  lam  taf^al  talik 

H  You  never  did  so  before.  J^ssT  A 

^  sS^.  ^  yakhtwr  htbdh  hat,  It  has 
2i>tt  oMoned  to  my  mind. 
^  ^,  Cutting  a  thing  transversely ; 
fitting  or  making  a  pen.    Li  hiU  (pL 

^^i^'iai),  Ahe-cat 

^*  ted,  A  bird  of  the  shape  of  a  pigeon, 
^^  in  large  flocha,  and  knowing  where 
^ito  ia  to  be  found  at  a  great  dirtance. 

{^^  h,Ua^  and  jJEai   (pi.  of  ^U), 

^^bm,  assassins.     JiJEJl  ^,  In- 
fwun  of  rotda,  highwaymen. 
■J^  iiYd/,  The  vintage.    The  time  of 
^Ullage  in  the  moustaina  ^  Syria  ia  about  the 


ilLS  hattaf,  A 


end  of  September, 
vintager. 

(^Uai  ib^yi/(pl.  of  iiAai),  A  Persian 
oaka  of  fine  flour,  haney  and  aeaam6  oil. 

\_-^»  hM,  The  polar  star,  the  north 
pole.    A  prince,  lord,  chief.    The  iron  axle 

round  which  a  wheel  turns. 


^UyuJ^,  The  arctic,  or  north  pole. 
^yj^\  L^^ViS  The  antarctic  pole. 

Ja5  hvtfi  Dropping,  (as  water).  Kutr, 
The  aide  of  the  body.  A  tract  or  quarter  of 
the  hcavena   or   earth.     A   diameter   line. 

\fX\A^.,   And  he  has  set  over  this 

tract,  of  which  I  have  informed  thee,  hia 
eldest  daughter,  the  chief  of  her  sisters ;  and 
ahe  ia  distm^ahed  by^  bravery  and  horseman- 
ahip,  and  guile  and  artifice  and  enchantment, 
by  which  she  can  overcome  all  the  people  of 
her  dominiona. 


{JL^\Jb3  hUrat  (pi.  of  i^)y  Drops. 
^Jai  katardn,  Liquid  pitch,  tar. 

ijai  hatrat  or  katrah,  One  drop. 

^Jai  kata^,  Cutting  off,  amputating.   To 

cut  off,  amputate,  break  off,  retire,  withdraw 
from.  To  terminate,  conclude,  finish,  stop 
abort.  To  fix  the  price  of  a  ransom.  To  pass 
(a  river  or  bridge).  [by  no  means. 

ULi  kahan,  In  no  shape)  not  at  all,  never, 

ijdaS  kit^tf  A  segment,  section,  portion, 
part,  division,  piece,  cut,  morsel. 

uJibi  kataff  Gathering  in  the  vintage. 
^JiaS  kutn,  Cotton.  ^^,  Made  of  cotton. 

^Jai  kall^  A  flock  (of  sheep). 

^JtAoj  katUat,  A  portion  of  land  (espe- 
cially in  feudal  tenure).   Tribute,  toll,  impost. 

^iJai  kailfah,  Velvet,  satin  (not  used). 
Juu  ka^,  He  sat  down.    To  set  down. 


h 


(292) 


J^ 


Kow  if  thou  desire  to  posBess  this  damsel,  and 
to  marry  her,  sit  here  and  wait  for  her,  for 
they  come  on  the  first  day  of  erery  montii  to 
this  place. 

ijjfj  ka^dat,  One  siiting,  seBsiony  or  the 
space  which  one  person  ooenpies  when  sitting. 

j6  ka^r,  An  abyn ;  a  gulf;  the  bottom 
or  depth  of  a  weU. 

Oye  ku^ndy  Bitting.   JjJLuMt  \j\  ^J^^ 

^\    ,j5^0-J^     JJ^U    L,;^^,      i^l 

troubled  in  heart  on  aoeonnt  of  your  abeence 
from  me,  and  my  sadness  for  your  loss,  and  my 
staying  in  the  palace  by  mysdf. 

Juxd  ka^d,  He  who  sits  with  another, 
»>.,  a  colleague,  a  confederate. 

Ui  ki/d  (pi.  Lij\),  The  back  part  of 

anything. 
J  Hi  kafftl,  A.  locksmith. 

iJj  kuffaty  A  basket  (especially  of  palm 
leares,  in  which  women  keep  their  cotton 
when  sewing,  etc.). 

^liii  kaftan,  A  robe  of  honour  which 
Eastern  princes  present  to  ambassadors,  etc 

jU  kafr,A  desert  without  herbage.  (^  ms\j 

iiT*  cT^'  ^J^  ^J*^  yj  <^:-i^ 

jSi^^  ^ICJl  IjJb,  I  therefore  blamed 

mvself  for  that  which  I  had  done,  and  said, 
T^onld  that  I  had  remained  in  the  island,  smce 
it  is  better  than  this  desert  place. 

^^^asj  kafoB  (pi.  ^USf),  A  bird's  cage. 

JiJi  kufl,  A  lock^  a  bolt,  a  bar. 

Jij  kafl,  II  caravan.  The  smallest 
caraTan  between  Aleppo  and  Damascus  used 
to  be  of  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  persons, 
mounted  on  horses  or  mules,  with  thirty  or 
forty  camels  laden  with  merchandize.  The 
female  portion  are  carried  in  litters,  and 
takbturwan,  placed  on  the  backs  of  camds, 
aiiu  screened  Joy  curtains  from  the  gaze  of  the 
multitude.  The  men  are  mounted  on  horses 
richly  caprisoned,  and  followed  by  attendants 
on  foot  ready  to  administer  to  their  wants. 

itSii  h'lddat,  A  collar,  necklace,  chain, 
or  any  ornament  for  the  neck. 

cis  kild^  (pi.  of  ^kIJ  kal^),  Forts, 
castles,  fortresses,  fortified  places.    Sails  of  a 


(*^  \J/^  (£r^  ^'^^■^■I>  ^^0  master  q 

the  ressel  had  caused  her  sails  to  be  spreaj 
and  pursued  his  yoyace  with  those  who  Im 
embarked,  not  regarmng  such  as  had  bed 
submeiged. 

fjj  (pi.  of  ^  ialam),  Fens, 
io/}.  The  heart.    4^1 


uu 


^^^ 


ij\^ 


.A] 


hearts  turn  towards  it,  as  though  it  ▼« 
formed  out   of   an   aasembUige   of  them 

he  said,  Yes,  0  my  uncle ;  and  I  became  e^ 
amoured  of  her  from  hearsay,  when  I  hea^ 
what  you  said.  My  heart  is  captiyated  as 
deyoted  to  her,  and  I  haye  not  force  nj 

patience  to  be  far  from  her.  ^S^^-^ 

kali  hawruHj  The  heart  of  Hawrau.  Tl 
name  is  applied  to  the  highest  summit  of  t 
mountain  of  Hawian,  bearing  S£.  from  Soa( 
To  the  north,  and  close  to  ^ueda,  descends 
deep  stream  Essoueda,  coming  from  the  moi 
tains,  where  seyeral  other  ste^ams  unite  m 
it.  It  is  from  the  numerous  streams  irhi< 
xise  in  Jabal  Hawran  (springs  being  scaice 
the  plain),  that  the  population  of  the  Ha^ 
deriyes  ite  means  of  existence,  and  the  racee 
of  its  a^culture.  It  is  eroded  by  a  Btroc 
well-built  bridge,  and  it  tuma  fiye  or  six  mi 
near  the  yillage  of  Soueda. 

Ui  kalban,  Cordially,  heartily. 
_Ji  kalii,  adj.  Cordial,  hearty. 

iSj  kUltdf  Penury,  scarcity,  indigeod 
poyerty. 

j^^  JSMkum,  Clysma,  a  town  in  £gy;i 
near  Mount  Sinai,  whence  ^^isILai 

The  B^  Sea.  The  Bed  9ea  is  fint  meatioiJ 
in  sacred  history  in  connexion  with  the  mil 
culous  passage  of  the  IsraeUtes  across  i 
Gulf  of  Suez.  In  the  time  of  Solomon  i 
port  of  Elath  was  established  on  Uie  GoL' 
Akaba,  and  for  many  centuries  it  yras  beU^ 
that  Ezion-jeberalso  was  on  the  Bed  Sea,  whj 
this  last  has  been  proyed  to  be  situated  oo  i 
banks  of  the  Euphrates,  under  the  nsmel 
Hisn-jaber,  or  the  Castle  of  Jaber,  of  wb| 
the  ruins  deserye  to  be  yisited  and  explorj 
Since  Solomon  established  Elath  on  tfie  9 
Sea,  what  necessity  had  he  to  establish  anot^ 
seaport  with  anomer  nayy  on  the  same  t^ 
The  error  proceeds  from  a  bad  oonstiuctioo 
the  translation  of  1  Kings  ix.  26  (See  Snioti 
and  KeUlaUjaber).  The  Phoenicians  seen 
have  earned  on  a  urge  trade  on  tiiis  sea,Uioi^ 


t^ 


(898) 


2^ 


proUilf  Aey  had  no  direet  eommmiioalioa 

vitk  India.   Hie  eazlj  Greek  writers,  indad- 

inf  flendota^  wem  to  hare  had  Terr  vig^ 

Mlum  mpeediig  tiie  Bed   Sea;  fer  the 

tp(|^  O^^wMmsenlljeonipriaea,  inllieir 

etfaittioB,  the  vliole  extent  of  opaat  from  the 

ladoi  to  the  eoait  of  Africa.    During  the 

iflBJAnif  period  of  the  Penian  empire,  the 

Tnitt  Gilf  was  the  medinm  throagli  which 

SMaDdVestflnAflA  reeeiTed  the  wealth 

6f  Qc  Est;  hat  mider  the  raooemon  of 

Akoifa,  eipeeiatty    the   Ptolemies,    who 

oottd  teuelTee  to  promote  the  trade  of 

^  Mfit  became  an  important  diannel  of 

lunHEM  betwMn  Bnrope  and  India  and 

t^&iit  This  interoonrae  continued,  with 

fit^  JBtenmnon,  though  not  to  tiie  same 

°M  H  til  times,  tiU  the  diaooTcry  of  the 

PMge  rand  the  Cam  of  Good  Hope,  by 

v^cDBBnee  was  diTerted  into  a  wholly 

iftnat  chimd.     By  the  opening  of  the 

ha  GuHd,  the  Bed  Sea  has  recoyered  a 

ptioatif  not  the  whole,  of  its  ancient  im- 

pvtaue  m  a  great  commercial  highway;  but 

tbe  tot  aad  ihorteet  passage  bc^een  India 

Qd  fimpe  ia,  without  donht,  hy  a  rail- 

^^^ttragh  Uie  Euphrates  Valley,  which  will 

nooethisjoiiniey  to  a  yery  few  days. 

^  y^t  Extraction,  pulling  np,  tearing 

«!.extirpsting.  To  draw  ont,  tear  off,  ex- 
fiipiti,  eradicate,  eztnct,  pull  down,  sab- 
^  oTcrtmny  min.    Ktla^^  Castles  (pL  of 

^*}-  ^tO^  The  sail  of  a  ship. 

^  U^  (pi.  jjj  kOa^),  A  castle,  a 
^  (e^edally  an  the  top  of  a  mountain). 

^^Ipl  i^  itO^ai  eaerkd,  One  of  the 

^oBt  of  the  Syrian  Hadj  (the  sixth  from 
^^BttKu),  occapyinf  a  commanding  situa- 
H  not  ur  from  the  Jabbock  of  the  Scnptures. 


ga\^|^  d^  Eal^  Mrulaffhrad,BeL- 

Ne,  a  tovn  and  fc^rtreas  of  Serna,  near  the 
ffi^Q  of  the  Saye  and  Danube,  44  nulee 
«m  Pttenvaidin.  It  consists  of  four  parts. 
1.  Ilie  Ibitreai,  standing  on  a  steep  eminence 
» the  Goitie  of  the  whole/inclosea  with  high 
^^  lad  commanding  the  Danube.  2.  ^e 
^-nlediyision.  3.  The  Bascian  town,  in 
«  feetioB  of  the  Saye.  4.  The  Palania, 
vadi  oaides  the  fortress  on  the  south  and 
^  The  number  of  mosques  in  the  town  is 
'^'B^'nUe.  Man/.  Arms,  cutlery,  saddlery, 
^  and  silk  goods.  Jbp.  30,000.  Lot. 
ytf'g?"  5.  Xon.  20'  2^  14"  E-— This 
9^  fortress  was  taken  by  Solyman,  the 
gy  EnipCTor,  in  1522;  retaken  b]r  the 
{9*w%  under  the  Hector  of  Bayaria,  in 


|Kb  tbe ycsr  1789,  but  were  forced  to  restore 
««thepeieeof  1791.  In  the  year  1806  it 
l^wvbytiie  Serrian  inKngmts;  and  in 
«U  VIS  gittflj  injured  by  the  Seryian  in- 
''^"'ebaiu    fiiM  &at  penod  the  town  has 


been  oonaidenUy  improred.  ^U^  ifi^ 
kdl^jdb0r,  and  more  oommonly  ^alS 


,  _     or 


h^m-^eher,  The 

Jeber  Caade,  sttnated  near  to  the  Biyer  Ei»- 
phrates.  About  two  miles  fix>m  the  Biyer 
Buphxtitesi  snd  a  hundred  fSMt  aboye  it,  are 
the  ruins  of  the  ancient  Boman  town  of  Beles. 
With  the  exception  of  the  ruins,  the  only 
buildings  an  the  Turkish  banracka,  a  sheikh  s 
tomb,  tmd  a  ruined  minaret.  From  this  ]^laoe 
the  <4ien  yalley  can  be  seen  for  twenty  nules ; 
and  the  mound  of  Jeber  Castle,  with  its 
minaret,  is  cfearlj  seen.  The  yalley  here  is 
about  fiye  miles  m  width.  The  hills  on  the 
Mesopotsmia  side  do  not  present  the  cliff-like 
appearance  of  thoee  on  the  Aleppo  side.  There 
are  no  treea  to  be  seen,  merely  patches  of  scrub- 
wood.  There  is  no  doubt  that  this  Hesn-ieber 
is  the  Szion-ieber  of  the  Bible.  *<  And  King 
Solomon  made  a  nayy  of  ships  in  Ezion-jeber, 
which  is  beside  Eloth,  on  the  shore  of  the  Bed 
Sea,  in  the  land  of  Bdom,"  (I  Kings  ix.  26), 
ought  to  be,  **  And  King  Solomon  made  a  nayy 
of  ships  in  Esion-jeber,  besides  that  of  Eloth, 
which  is  on  the  shore  of  the  Bed  Sea,  in  the 
land  of  Edom.  27.  And  Hiram  sent  in  the 
nayy  his  senrants,  shipmen  that  had  knowledge 
of  the  sea,  with  the  seryants  of  Solomon. 
28.  And  they  came  to  Ophir,  and  fetched  from 
thence  gold,  four  hundred  and  twenty  talents, 
and  brought  it  to  King  Solomon."  The  fact 
roeaks  for  itself.  Since  there  was  a  nayy  on 
tne  Bed  Sea,  and  a  seaport  called  Eloth,  what 
necessity  was  there  to  build  another  nayy  in 
a  near  seaport  situated  on  the  same  sea  ?  Of 
course,  this  nayy  was  made  on  the  Euphrates, 
at  the  port  and  town  of  Hean-jeber,  belonging 
to  Solomon,  to  shorten  the  passage  to  the  Per- 
sian Gulf,  which  was  the  great  centre  of  the 
trade  between  the  Eastern  and  Western  world. 
The  carayans  used  to  ply  between  Palestine, 
Phoenicia,  Palmyra,  and  EziouHueber,  and  the 
nayy  between  Ezion-jeber,  the  Euphrates,  and 
the  Persian  Oulf  ^without  coasting  all  the 
peninsula  of  Arabia),  to  Import  from  thence 
the  pearls  of  Hayila,  the  |old  of  Saba  and 
O^hir,  and  the  other  goods  of  India.  It  is  sur- 
pnsing  that  no  one  li^  hitherto  made  the  dis- 
coyery  that  Eaion-jeber  is  on  the  Euphrates, 
and  not  on  the  coast  of  the  Bed  Sea,  as  it  is 
misrepresented  by  the  translators  of  the  Bible ; 
but  I  must  also  state  that  few  trayellers  haye 
been  on  the  Euphrates,  and  perhaps  none  of 
^em  haye  studied  the   lomites   carefully. 

i**^\  Xili  kal^  arrUmf  or  the  Castle 

of  the  Oreeks,  is  situated  on  the  Euphrates  to 
the  SW.f  at  the  distance  of  one  d^'s  ride 
from  Albirah  to  the  W.,  to  the  £.  of  Samisat, 
and  to  the  S.  of  Edessa.  This  fortided  place 
has  many  beautiful  ffaidenik  and  its  riyer  is 
called  Imuzaban,  ana  empties  itself  into  the 
Euphrates.  It  was  the  Sultan  Malek-al-ashraf^ 
the  son  of  the  Sultan  Malek-al-mansur  Kala- 
wiuii  who  took  this  place  from  the  Armenians- 


f^ 


(SM) 


f^ 


^^^iHl  (but  for  Arman  the  Arab  writers 

understand  the  Ghneks.  Abolfeda,  in  hifl 
Book  of  TakwTm-nl-bildany  p.  234,  Paris  ed., 

^2^^1  jh  ffJbSLi,  And  tke  Armenians 

are  of  the  Greek  nation,  and  their  oonntry  is 
called  the  coantry  of  the  ArmenianB). 

J^na^\  ^    kal^at  W  miMt,    The 

Castle  of  Mndlk,  which  occimies  the  site  of 
Apameia.  The  jouxney  "from  mis  last  place  to 
Jisml  Thoghr,  in  the  &edtiq)i  of  Antioch,  is 
about  ten  hours'  ride.  [Unquiet 

^^  i&att,Di8quietnde,«commotion.  Kalik, 
JUli  kalkdl,  Violent  motion  or  agitation. 

^i^^:r'd^^ i>!l^  jIt^J  ^:^h 


Jul!  ^,   Depart  6om  a  land  in 

which  thou  art  oppressed,  and  do  not  feel 
miserable  on  account  of  thy  separation  finom 
thy  kindred.  WhoeTer  is  held  in  small  esti- 
mation in  the  eyes  of  his  fiunily  and  jraople, 
for  him  peregrination  isbetterthui  to  remain  in 
degradation. 

Jli  kalam,  A  pen.    A  mode  of  writing. 
An  engraying  tooL     ^^;  Ji*  A 

penoiL    ^«VASf  {:^j^^  f^  ialam  al 

murijfm  al  kadm^  Hieroglyphics.  From  the 
earliest  times  these  mTstmous  symbols  hare 
excited  an  interest  folly  equal  to  their  value 
as  historic  records.  The  Greeks  and  JLomanSi 
partiy  fipom  national  pride,  but  still  more, 
perhaps,  irom  a  want  of  that  philological 
talent  peculiar  to  modem  times,  i^pear  to 
have  paid  littie  attention  to  the  Umgaages  of 
the  bariarioHi  with  whom  they  were  broa^t 
into  contact  The  interpretation  of  tiie  hiero- 
glyphics formed  one  of  the  most  sacred  mys- 
teries of  the  priesthood,  which  was  eitiier 
puiposely  concealed,  or  had  already  been  lost, 
when  the  Bomans  established  themselTes  in 
Egypt  Since  then  nothing  was  roJly  known 
of  hieroglyphic  writing  till  the  ittvasioa  of 
Egypt  by  Napoleon  I.  In  digging  the  founda- 
tions ef  Fort  St  JoUaa,  near  Itosetta,  4he 
French  discoTered  an  inscribed  block  of  black 
basalt  which,  along  with  the  other  antiquities 
secured  by  the  ranch  army,  was  brought 
home  to  England,  and  is  now  in  the  ftituh 
Museum,  known  as  the  Beeetta  Stone.  It 
contains  an  inseription  in  Ifcree  distinct  dia- 
neters :  the  Hieroglyphies,  or  wered ;  tiie 
Enchorial,  or  eonunon  Sg^tian;  and  the 
Greek.  Should  the  Egrptian  hieroglyphics 
--'ighly  masteved,  the  amount  of  know- 


ledge derived  from  the  inscr^tioos  on  A 
temples  and  tombs  will  foil  for  short  of  vki 
the  patient  sagacity  of  modem  archiBologiil 
has  already  dMUoed  from  the  paintingi  u 
soulptuMS,  and  from  the  actual  relia  ds 
oerered  in  the  catacombs.  Bymeaniofti 
sepulchral  rites  of  the  people,  a  doe  nu 
fiiequentiybe  obtained  of  the  nature  of  the 
rdigious  belief;  and  this  is  pecolisrlj  ti 
case  with  the  Egyptians.  The  hnmsn  w 
was  regarded  by  the  ancient  Egyptisu  as 
direct  emanation  from  the  Deity,  who  hisw 
animated  all  nature,  as  thesoul  of  the  umTen 
and  their  dead,  therefore,  inrariably  here  00a 
of  ihe  emblems,  and  were  bound  op  m  ai  1 
resemble  the  form  of  Osiris,  the  jud^  of  ti 
dead,  and  the  ruler  OTer  the  world  of  tpirit 
2t  was  only  those  who,  by  a  TitiuoQi  U 
were  fitted  for  the  ehan^  that  were  immi 
diatelf  after  death  re-umted  to  their  dira 
sonree.  One  of  4he  most  frequent  solnects  1 
Egyptian  painting  represents  the  fiaal  jndi 
ment  of  the  soul  in  the  presence  of  Osin 
The  actions  of  the  deceased  are  weighed  i 
the  scales  of  troth.  The  god  Thoth  stsads  1 
the  seooiding  angel  noting  the  result;  sad 
it  pTOTCs  imperfwt,  the  soul  is  ooodeouied  I 
return  to  earth,  in  the  form  of  some  voda 
animal,  and  must  endure  a  purgatorial  pena» 
ere  it  can  return  to>the  human  form,  sndagi 
appear  before  the  tribunal  of  Oriris.  il 
Ansariah  haTo  the  same  doctrine,  but  iosta 
of  vOsiris,  Ali  is  the  judee,  and  AU  is  no  otk 
than  a  personiflcation  of  the  Sun.  The  follow 
ing  is  a  short  rocabulaij  of  some  of  tl 
hieroglTphics :  1 .  The  Sun  is  ropiescflted  ond^ 
the  emblem  of  a  kawk^  because  this  bird  iM 
to  the  highest  regions  of  air  when  ligl 
•bconds.  2.  Biermtw  is  preaenlcd  by  tl 
figures  of  the  Sun  and  Jfoon.  S.  The  «wi 
by  a  blue  mjmti^  with  ytilow  scales.  4.  It 
f0ar  by  a  palm-trm.  6.  The  montX  by  01 
of  the  brameAe9  of  the  palm^trm^  as  it  is  ti 
nature  of  this  tree  to  produce  a  newbnuidicTei 
month.  6.  A  pnphet  by  the  image  of  s  ^ 
because  the  jio^-ftar  [AnoiAia)  tfj  its  risi 

S>es  notice  of  inundation.  Koubi  in  H( 
■ew,  and  Nabi  in  Arabic,  signifir  frvfh 
7.  Inundation  is  represented  by  a  /Mfi,bec9a 
it  takes  place  under  that  sign.  S.  The  id* 
of  0od  and  deUmy  by  a  ttar;  God  is  also  repr 
seated  by  a  hUek  stone,  as  his  nature  is  m 
and  obscure.  9.  XU  white  tkin^t  expres  ti 
atUttiai  and  luminout  ffod$,  10.  XO  eirmly 
tJkinfi^  the  world,  the  Maim,  tha  Sun,  tht  d 
ttiniei,  11.  XB  aemi'drelUar  onn^  at  h* 
and  erssMutt,  are  also  deseriptiTe  of  the  Ma 
12.  Fire  and  the  Oodt  of  Olymprn  are  rror 
seated  by  by  ^ynuNulf  and  oMtsftf.  IS.  T 
earth  by  a  finder  whidi  reTolTes.  14.  T^ 
gemermtwe  power  ^  the  air  hj  the  jMi* 
16.  Hie  ^emeratiae  power  of  the  earth  h\ 
triemfle^  16.  A  hmm  eittwg  mpon  the  Lot 
or  Nenuphmrj  represents  the  mooing  epirit 
the  Stm^  etc,  etc 

^t^iuii  kikmUrd^  A  pen-knife. 


44J 


(295) 


Li 


jXlj  hJaUr,  A  kind  of  wandering 
Mtbondia  monk,  wxtk  ifaaTeii  kead  and 
beud ;  who  ibtadona  ererythiog,  wife,  friendi, 
poflBOBOBi,  nd  retirei  from  the  worid ;  alio 
the  um  of  the  foander  of  thia  reli^oni 
otder.  [or  tianu 

j^klMiMM/,  A  mitre,  high  cap, 
o^  ivlal  (pL  of  1^  hM),  Hearts. 

Ji  U,  Cooking  in  a  frying-pan.  JT^, 


^U>iil^  A  kind  of  pipe  for  smoking 

^  mHiaj  The  ancient  CiUcia,  now 
i  pmiMe  of  the  Ottoman  Bm^ira.  (The 
libter  e  B  alwaja  ehaaged  mto  Arahio 

•'tlibPatriciiis^yla^,  Manioe  Jlijlj^, 
^Mm  ^IJ^.)     It  aeema  that  the 

«tmi  (^fida  ii  derired  from  CQiz,  the  aon  of 
^Ofx,  nd  brodier  of  Chdmna,  8  jrnu,  Phoe- 
nx.  nd  Ecnipa,  who  gave  reapeetiTely  their 
Boa,  leeordiitf  to  some  mythologista,  to  the 
pvTiaoeof  CeAnHin  8]rria,  to  STria  itMli^ 
toPbaaida,  and  the  continent  of  £arope. 

^  is%a/,  Anything  fried. 

0^  UU,  little,  small,  moderate.  ^ 

Jri)  A  unall  thing,  a  trifle,  a  baga- 

teik  j4i^  JJi,  Small  and  great 

jldll  J«lS,    Of   small    estimation. 

1-15  U5,  By  d^rees,  sparingly,  by 

HulesodHtile.  ^j^jf^SC^JSM 

^  Aeeapon  he  aroao^  and  walked  forward 
'J^  nd  little,  still  concealing  himself;  and 
^▼ohd lam :  so  he  took  the  dress,  and  not 
^of  tbem  nw  him,  for  they  were  playing 
^1^^  nd  langhittg. 

jAjamdr,  ]>iee,  or  any  game  of  hazard, 

J^A  hmdth.  Silk  doth,  fine  linen, 
^  moebandise.   ^\^uJijJM 

^J'\^\js^\  ^^  J^  UU,  So 

^pK|iand  for  him  a  hundred  loads  of  the 

Qofteoittyitefls. 

t  •  *         ' 

^Himdi,  A  swaddling  or  cradle  band. 
^  Unasf,  The  top  of  anything. 


>*  JbjfiA,  Wheat 

ji  kammr  (pL  jU'),  The  moon. 

L4  kamtf  Swaddling  an  infant 

jlj^  kamiar^r,  A  calamitous  day. 

w}  hm^f  Destruction,  subjection,  throw- 
ing down,  striking  on  the  head,  hnmbling, 
rendering  contemptible.  To  qaell  sedition,  to 
qniet  the  pnblic  discontent  ITmmK  A  pimple 
on  the  edge  of  the  lip.    Kumuf^,  A  fhnnel. 

^  kwMm,  A  decanter,  a  vessel  shaped 
*  like  a  cncnmber,  nsed  for  warming  water. 

J4  ibm/(pl.  ofU^hmkU,  A  louse),Lice. 
^jo^  hamU  (pi.  y^\^)f  A  shirt 
^^«4  htmln,  A  chimney. 


iUi  imd^  (pLl:J),A  subterranean  canal. 

A  channel,  an  aqueduct;  hence  vjj^^ 

hmAwatl^  The  waterman,  the  man  who  has 
care  of  the  aqnedncta,  and  who,  by  disposing  of 
the  Cerent  openings  of  their  Pipes,  conreys 
water  to  houses,  fonntains,  pnblie  baths,  etc 
^  the  East,  iSX  those  conntries  which  once 
were  flourishing  kingdoms  and  empires,  and 
which  now  are  called  the  desert,  abound  with 
mined  snbtenranean  canals,  by  means  of  which 
the  ancient  inhabitants  conTcyed  water  to 
their  parched  soil  in  order  to  fertilise  it  It 
was  regarded  as  a  meritorious  act,  and  a  reli- 
gions dnty  prescribed  by  Zoroaster,  who,  in- 
stead of  preaching  oelibaiBy,  mortifications,  and 
other  pretended  Tirtnes  of  the  monkish  sort, 
repeats  continnally,  in  the  passages  that  are 
mresenred  respecting  him  in  the  Sadder  and 
ZendaTesta,  *'That  the  action  most  pleasing 
to  Gk>d  is  to  plough  and  cultivate  the  earth,  to 
water  it  with  mnning  streams,  to  multiply 
T^etation  and  liring  beiogs,  to  hare  numer- 
ous flocks,  young  ana  fruitml  Tirgins,  a  multi- 
tude of  children,'*  etc  If  that  great  and 
truly  good  legislator  wen  liTinjgin  our  present 
time,  would  he  not  r^eat  continually,  *'  Make 
railways,  make  railways;  unite  the  east  to  the 
west,  and  the  north  to  the  south;  let  the 
whole  world  form  one  network  of  railways ; 
facilitate  and  increase  the  means  of  commerce, 
which  is  the  true  source  and  resource  of  the 
happiness  and  prosperity  of  all  mankind  "  P 

Jj jlj  lan&ai  (pL  of  JjJCJ  kandlV), 

Lampa. 
Jb\ui  hmdUr  (pi.   of  ir^   kantara), 

Arches,  bridges,  Tiaducts,  aqueducts. 

^Lj  hin&flr  (pL  of  jlki),  A  quintal. 

icSii   kand^at,    Content;    tranquility; 

abstinence:  continence.  ^1:nsS\  CSi^ 


^' 


,UJ1 .  J^  -ui  ^Isflfcl,  U* 


A      •, 


•J 


t. 


(296) 


Jy 


,  He  whose 


kingdom  \b  that  of  moderation  has  nothing  to 
fetTi  andhns  no  need  of  champions  orattendants; 
hat  how  dost  then  hope  for  perpetoity  in  a 
dwelling  which  does  not  last ;  didst  then  erer 
hear  of  a  shadow  that  remained  nnmoTed  f 

u^Ii  kinnib,  Hemp. 
ijfii  Jcumhuray  A  lark. 

land,  Sugar,  Bagar-cand7. 


jljbjcj  Kandahaft  A  kingdom  and  city 
hordering  npon  Persia,  India,  Balk,  and 
Khorassan. 

JjJOJ  kaiMlf  A  lamp,  lanthom,  chan- 
delier, branched  candlestick. 

j^Uaii  htniar,  or  vnlg.ibfi^r,  Aqaintal. 

ijaui  iantara,  An  arch,  a  bridge;  a 
▼iadnct  or  aqnednct. 

y^^*wji  Kinni9rin,  The  ancient  Chalcis. 

It  was  formerly  the  capital  of  all  North  Syna, 
and  one  of  tne  greatest  towns  in  tiie  £a8t 
when  Aleppo  was  a  small  place.  The  traffic 
having  since  taken  the  direction  of  Aleppo, 
Chalcis  has  become  an  insignificant  place,  and 
now  it  is  a  miserable  Tillage,  situated  on  the 
PiTer  Chains,  about  twelye  honn*  riding  to 
the  south  of  Aleppo. 

^J  kana^,  Being  contented. 

jiJ  kunfuz  (fern.  ifjiiS  pi.  JiLS),  A 
hedge-hog,  an  urchin. 

d^tyi  (pi.  of  ili),  Snbtenanean  canals. 

iy3  hmwat  (or  JuJ),  Acquisition. 

l^yS  hinut.  Despairing.     Despair. 

^y3  kann^,  Contented. 

j^Lii   kuny&n,    Acquired    wealth    (in 
flocks,  etc.). 

iJii  kantnah  (pi.  jUS),  A  phial,  a 
glass  bottle. 

Jj\^  iaw&hxl  (pi,  of  ibU),  Midwiyes. 

^j\i^  kawart^  (pi.  of  Ac;l3),  A  verse  of 

the  Alcoran,  which  the  Mahometans  repeat 
incessantly  when  in  apprehension  of  danger 
either  from  men  or  animals. 

^Iji  iawwdi,  A  bow-maker. 

wl^ly  iawdti^,  Birds  of  passage. 

jbfily  kawa^id  (pi.   of  ifj^li),  Bases, 

(bundations,  pillars,  props.    Bules,  canons. 
Ji1|i  hawaJU  (pi.  of  ^U),  Carayansj 


Jt^  kmowM^  A  very  talkative  person 

^\^  tawdnit  (pi.  of  A^^lS),  The  ch 
of  abiid. 

^;-3'y  kawdtOn  (pi.  of  j^^li),  Canoij 
regulations,  statutes.    Haxpe. 

JSly  Sayings,  words. 
Jl^  hawdym  (pi.  of  ^U),  Lists. 
iJL^f^  liLtj  Nourishment,  aliment,  fo(^ 
victuals.  *jLi^2lt  ^  \j,au%  \^jii  \ 

L^\  J>  ^,  JUJlj  U\  \^\a  ^ 

And  they  did  not  leave  unvisited  a  single  lai 
city  to  seek  for  food,  but   they   found 
not ;  and  they  returned  to  us  with  the  weal 
after  a  long  aosenoe. 

5ji  hawat,  Power,  force,  vigour,  strengt 
firmne6s;virtue,authority.  Faculty.  I 
ij^\^\  The  visible  fisunilties,  ngl 
^iA^LmJI  i^f  Hearing.  aJj^U  J^ 
Tasting.    Ju^Uf  i"^,  Touching,    i 

ijLs)l,  The  power  of  attraction;  8 

lurement.    This  word,  in  the  same  manm 
precedes  the  following  and  many  others; 

*p4w«,  Distributive  (power);  iol 

Expulsive,  repelling ;  i^jjs:^,  Movinj 

aLiU,Betentive;  ^J^,  InteUeetna 

^-^moc.  Irascible  (also  rage,  anger] 

^l^fl.  Concupiscent. 

ijMt^  kawi,  A  bow  for  shooting  or  f 
separating  cotton.  Sagittarius  the  sodiac 
sign.    ^ ji  fj^j^  .The  rainbow. 

J^  kaul,  A  word,  a  saying.    An  agre 

ment,  compact,  consent,  aoquieKence,   ra 
tract,  bai^gain.  Speaking,  pronouncing,  giyii 

an  opinion  upon  anything.  CXfii^i 
J^U  ^  uwdfikak  ^'  md  tak^ 
I  agree  to  what  you  say.  ^^f^  ^ 
\iJb  kul  lok  yajl  hund,  Tell  him 
come  here.  uJ3  ^r  I J  U  iX»^S  ^jj 

(^^\  Id  takal  Kahhad  ma  bUtok  U 
alyawm,  Do  not  tell  any  one  what  I  said 
you  to-day.   JUj  U  ^  U  ^^^^  ^^ 


u 


(297) 


0^ 


ham  ctiMy  aw  fiki  ma  f^tkSlj  There  is 
sothio^to  be  Baid  on  thia  8iib||ect. 

Ji^  Hkeif,  The  oolic      A   diseaae 

anflmtiB^  from  oold  eeiziiig  the  shoulden 
ndbiekar  thenedt    Having  a  oolic. 

Jf  ifwft,  YerbaL 

Ay  km,  People,  a  oation,  tribe,  fiimily. 

^j*^f  hmtoloi  (Italiaa),  A  consul. 

i^ckmUffotf  Consulate,  the  con- 
sols nadaee  or  office. 

Vy  KBOMkf   The    ancient    Iconinm 

(liW].  ike  ODttal  of  Lycaonia  in  Aeia 
ICiff,  ^ffc  8t  Pknl  preeehed. 

jy  ^  (fom.  ^^)y  Bobust,    Ann, 
^,  loiid,  powerfol,  vigoroiu. 

{}if  ^mt,  The  rirer  Koeik,  the  Chains 

of  t^  uoeak.  This  rirer,  which  trayeraes 
^^  IB  Uw  nnuner  months  is  a  slender 
^^ jlidiBf  with  a  slow  and  silent  cnrrent 
^^m  of  the  citr  of  Aleppo ;  bat  in  the 
viatir  tenon  it  swells  to  a  formidable  riYer. 
h  laes  o€8r  jlntah,  at  the  foot  of  Monnt 
^eni»  to  the  north.  Within  a  quarter  of  a 
■3e  df  me  of  the  western  gates,  it  takes  a 
■^  tsn  to  tiie  eastwara,  and  passing 
ofei  bridge  near  that  gate,  after  a  oonrae 
tf  s  third  of  a  mile,  cams  off  towards  the 
B^  lod  nms  south  through  a  cultiTated 
^.  till  it  fiaally  loses  itsdf  in  a  morass, 
idrjB  91  leigaes  below  Aleppo. 

fj  WiiN,  l^ht,  Straight 

i^akhdr,  Powerful,  conqueror,  sub- 
^,  imperioosy   arenger.      An   oppressive 

^t.  J^\,  The  omnipotent  or 
tnagiagGod. 

#^,  Foroe,  violence,  power,  oppres- 
*^  olijcdioD,  Tengeonoe,  sererity,  torment, 
^^^^QK&t,  chastisement ;  rage,  indignation. 

^^j?  i^mdn,  A  celebrated  fabulous 

^cf  Peats. 

^/^  ittUaro*,  Betreating.     Moving 

^  ■ebtti,  walking  backwards. 

^^?^4Wa<,  Laughing  loudly  or  in- 

'#i*w*,  Coffee,  ^j  *^,  Of  a 
.Heicady  colour.        ^ 

J^Yomiting,  to  vomit 
^^  ^,  BeiDs,  a  bridle,  halter. 
^^  tHf&dat,  leading,  conduct 
l^***  Hffdt,  Measure.       Comparison, 
^'^'^t  higie;  a  sjUogism.    An  opinion. 


argoment  Thought,  design,  oonjeotaie,iniagi- 
nation,  supposition,  guess. 

^^LS  kiydA  (fem.  iL^Li),  Analogical, 
regular.    Imaginary. 

ij^\3  hay&tarat  (pi.  ofjAs),  CfBsars, 
emperors,  monarchs. 

JlsIJ  hiydfait  Appearance,  semblaDce, 

Hkeness,  resemblance,  imitation,  representa- 
tion, port|  air,  manner,  mode,  habit. 

aUS  kiy&m^  Standing  erecti  rising  up, 
resurrection,  insurrection,  kl^  J  Juuj 

«x»-1^  Jl^^    J,  After  that  I  arose  and 

stood  up,  and  walked  about  the  island  to  the 
right  and  left,  unable  to  sit  in  one  place. 

X/oLi   kiydmat,   The  resurrection,   the 
last  day. 

j\:lJ  kltdr,  A  guitar,  harp,  lyre. 
kayh,  Matter,  pus. 


^  kayd,  A  chain,  fetter,  knot,  ligament 
A  paction,  compact,  treaty,  bargain,  rule, 
regnlaition,  article  of  agreement,  obligation, 
restriction,  modification;  enrolling  anything 
in  a  public  register. 

klr,  A  kind  of  pitch  or  bitumen 

flowing  from  some  mountains,  which  they  use 
in  shipbuilding. 

]ff]jj  klrdt,  A  kurat  aO^Ij  l^  Jli  ^1  ^ 

ILt^  cM/^j  ^^^  cr^>  ^^^  ^^^  ^® 

said  to  her,  0  queen,  on  my  word  my  uncle 
did  not  describe  to  me  the  quarter  of  the  tenth 
part  of  thy  loyeliness,  nor  the  quarter  of  a 
kirat  of  four-and-twenty  kirats. 

^Ijl^  Kayrawdn,  Cyrene  in  Africa. 

j>,a^  kay$ar,  Csasar,  an  emperor,  ^j^a^t 
The  Imperial  dignity,  empire, 

^j**^  or  ^yi^  Kauariyah,  Csdsarea 

in  Palestine,  which  was  at  one  time  the  metro- 
polis of  Palestine,  and  the  residence  of  a 
Koman  Proconsul.  It  was  built  by  Herod 
the  Great,  twenty-two  years  b.c.,  and  was 
called  Csesarea  in  compliment  to  the  reigning 
emperor  Augustus,  wno  was  Herod's  patron. 
It  was  calld  CsBsarea  of  Palestine,  to  dis- 
tin^:nish  it  from  CcBsarea  of  Philippi,  more 
anciently  called  Paneas.  It  wt)s  afterwards 
called  Colonia-flaria,  in  oonsequenoe  of  privi- 


.\^ 


(298) 


i1^ 


leges  granted  to  it  by  Vespaman,  wbo  made  it 
a  Roman  colony.  FreTions  to  its  foundation 
by  Herod,  tbere  was  an  obscure  fortress  here, 
called  the  "Tower  of  Straton,"  after  the 
Greeks,  who  built  it  Between  three  or  four 
miles  to  the  northward  of  Cesarea  is  the 
river  Zerka,  the  Jkmm  erocodHon  of  Pliny, 
which,  according  to  some  travellers,  contains 
small  crocodiles,  the  descendants  of  those 
brought  oyer  from  Egypt  as  deities. 

^ya^  iaifsUm,  Southernwood  (a  plant). 

<U*i  klfnat  (pi.  aJ  Jtiyam),  Price,  value, 
estimation.    Measure,  stature, 

«A^  iltnah,  Hashed  meat. 

J^  huyad  (pL  of  Juj),  Chains;  obliga- 
tions,- laws.  ^^1  j^j  tj^,  The 
articles  and  conditions  of  peace. 

(^^  ^<^vm,  Permanent,  firm.  Stable, 
durable,  fixed,  steady.    (God.) 


CJiaf,  The  twenty-second  letter  of  the 
Arabic  alphabet  In  arithmetic  it  expresses  20. 

CS  ta,  Is  an  inseparable  adverb  of  simi- 
litude prefixed  to  Arabic  nouns  or  particles 
(never  to  pronouns)  signifying  as,  like,  so,  etc. 

J^K,  Like  the  first,  as  before.    ,^1^, 

As  if.  tjk^,*  So,  thus:  and  others, 
which  will  be  found  in  their   alphabetical 

places.  CSka  (masc.),  CSki  (fem.), 
is  the  affixed  pronoun  of  the  second  person, 
having,  with  verbs  or  prepositions,  a  relative 
or  personal  signification,  and  a  possessive  or 

relative  with  nouns ;  as  CS>iyo  data- 

haka,  He  beat  you.  Ciols^  kiidhuka, 
Tour  book. 

ijo  kaabat,  Melancholy.  Being  dis- 
consolate. 

^jM^\Skdhils,  The  incubus  or  nightmare. 

^^  hatib  (pi.  ^^  and  Ic^),  A 

notary,  a  scribe.    A  writer.     \^^^ 

jJiSf  A  secretary. 

MS^hdiim,  part.  Concealing,  absconding. 
S^jli  kdtib  (fem.  i jl^),  A  liar.  False. 

^->J^i  {j*\^f  A  fiilse  syllogism. 

yS  Jar,  Business,  occupation,  labour, 
art,  profession,  trade,  commerce. 


izJ\j^  kdrdiiah,  Planks  and  other  i 
terials  for  house-building. 

^U^^l^  kdrihdnah,  A  fabric. 

Jj\^  kdrin,  A  preacher. 

^^^j^  karwdHf  A  caravan,  a  large  IJ 
of  traveUers. 

L^J^  k&rtb,  Abhorring,  detesting, 
abhorrer,  abhorrent 

(jm\^  kds  (pi.  {jM^^\  A  cup,  a  got 
a  bowl  (especially  when  filled  with  wine). 

Uy-^M-'o  h&siby  A  gainer,  an  acquirer. 

Jurfl^  MM  (fem.  if Ju^l^),  Worthless, 
ficient  in  quantity  or  quality,notsellijigorj| 
ing  current,  despicable,  in  no  esteem.  Desti 

in  debt.  Juil^  j^,  A  dull  marl 
where  nothing  is  bought  or  sold. 

^l^  kAsir,  A  breaker,  victorious.    ^ 

l^l^ljurft.  There  was,  in  olden  ti 

and  in  ancient  a^  and  period,  in  the  Ian 
the  Persians,  a  ung  oUied  Suleyman,  ani 
was  a  victorious  lion  (a  hero). 

«Cdl^  kd9ahf  A  cup,  a  goblet. 

k.^1^  kdshif,  A  detector,  disooverei 

^y^  uJl^  haf-u-nUn,  The  mysteii 

letters  CJ  and  ^  of  the  imperai 

^^  hun  (Be  thou,  exist  thou),  M 
all  that  God  had  to  pronounce  in  ordu 

create.    CS^  uJl^  htfu  lawUk,  \ 

CJ  (thee)   of  the  expression  lU 

lawlak  (were  it  not  for  thee),  mentioncc 
the  Kuz^an,  and  indicating  Mohammed. 

J^l^  kdzm,  One  who  restrains  his  8n{ 

liJ^t  ^ji^\S  kdziminvl  ghayt,  Tl 
who  restrain  their  anger. 

ijl^  ka/at,  All,  universal.    The  wbd 

ji\^  kdfir,  An  infidel,  an  impious  wrel 

l4jd\ji\^,   TJngratefuL     Unthani 

for  benefits.   ^^Jj  ^  ^^y^^j*^ 

*^,jl5ll  ifjSi  1  jJb  4^jJl  »>  id*i ,  The 

and  fiiithM  finds  difficulty  in  gaining  bis 
bread,  while  the  unbeUerer  and  the  im 


u; 


vi 


(299) 


Ju^ 


biTeplntjr.   What  art  or  act  ean  a  mortal 

coQtnTe?   Such  n  the  dfod  of  the  decreet  of 

the  Alui^tf  I     I  ma  neditathig  on  tlua 

text,  ud  m  mj  meditation  I  nid  to  myaelf : 

Ta!  thiiii  Bot  oalTapplieaUe  to  indiridnala, 

bnttokiagdonif  anaempirMalao!    And,  ab- 

•odndn  cMtemi^atioB  on  the  mnoertaintf  of 

ftBvvld,  the  hirtoTT  of  Syria  presented 

itttlf  tB  Bf  oisd.    when  ibeae  eonntriea. 

Bid  It  ncyad  what  eonstitntea  the  glory  and 

fcBotr  «f  nakind,  they  were  iidiuited  by 

aa  obcEeriag  people.     It  waa  the  PhoB- 

mon.  mhimiing  Moloch  aa  the  penonifi- 

atioD  of  iheoDB,  who  brought  into  PhoBnieia 

tbendsafcmyelimate;  it  waa  the  Chal- 

te,  ntntiBg  himaelf  bdbre  a  Serpent, 

vfton^igilid  opolent  citieay  and  laid  waste 

1^  pdan  of  tings  and  the  temples  of  the 

e:  it  m  the  Persian,  the  worshipper  of 
HoeoOseCadthe  tribates  of  a  hondred 
>te;  tlMy  wen  tbe  inhabitaata  of  Pal- 
■TB,  ^  idoren  of  the  Son  and  Stars,  who 
Mftd »  Bsay  Bomnnents  of  aiBnenee  and 
^197-  Xsacnas  fiocka,  fertile  Mda,  «ban- 
^  unati^— evei^rthiiig  that  shoold  haTe 
■atke reward  of  inety,  was  in  tiie  hands  of 
^Bl>tei»  the  nabfluerers,  and  tiie  impioos ; 
■iiew^abdiering  and  bolj  people  oc- 
^tbeasaieeomitriesi  nothing  la  to  be  seen 
mitStadt  sod  steriliinr.    The  earth,  nnder 
jhivUeand haads^  proaooea  only  briers  and 
^WvQod.   Han  sows  in  angmaiL  and  reape 
intioB  lad  eaies;  war.  fiuS^and  pesO- 
tta  annU  him  in  turn.    Tet  are  not  these 
ftt  eUdrea  of  the  prophets  P— this  Chxistian, 
&i  Konilinsn,  tfaia  Jew,  are  th^  not  the 
^  of  hesTea,  loaded  with  gifla  and  miraclesP 
«^  tbm  k  this  race,  belored  of  the  DiTini^, 
jywtdof  the  &Toan  whieh  were  formerly 
■*«cnd  down  npon  Ihe  heathen  f    Why  do 
■ae  In^  eonsecrated  bj  the  blood  of  the 
Kvtrn,  BO  longer  boaat  llieir  former  tempera* 
^tadfatifityP    Why  hare  thoae  &Tonza 
m  baaidied,  aa  it  were  in  a  dream,  and 
^"fened  for  so  many  agea  to  other  nations  of 
wB«t  dimssP     Imhappy  man!  said  I  in 
fnoiif  t  Uind  fatnUty  piaya  with  thy  dee- 
V-  A  fatal  neeeaaity  nilea  by  ehanoe  the 
j"^fMs]i!    Bnt  no,  added  I,  they  are  the 
«CM  «f  edcstial  jnatiee  that  are  accomplish- 
*¥•  Aajsteriotts  God  exercises  his  incom- 
^kaaUe  jodgments  !     He  has  donbtleas 
P*"»ced  a  seeret  malediction  aninst  the 
^;  He  has  stniek  with  a  cnrse  the  present 
nre  ^  Bien  in  rerenge  of  past  generations, 
vi:  v^iball  dare  to  fiifthom  the  deptha  of 
■e^DifiaityP    Ajod  I  remained  immorable, 
l^^ia  prolbuid  melancholy  I 

J^  ^fif  A  sponsor,  a  surety. 

•1/ , 

f^  ^r,  Flowers  of  the  palm-tree, 

f  ^;  also  their  envelope.    Camphire.    A 
■QSaaiapgnaise. 

}^^f^t  Sofficienty  enough,  efficaoionB, 
««»pttfeeL 

'd'idbicws^  Asbefbre,  like  the  flnt. 


Sf« 


Jl^  k&Uh^  Hideous.    Advene  (fortune). 
J^l^  h&mU,  Perfect,  oomplete,  full,  en- 
tire (or  ^;jj)^J^^^)»  Of  just  weight. 

jLall  J^l^  l&mihd  ^ar,  Of  the  beat 

and  oomplete  standard  (speaking  of  precious 
metals,  or  of  time  and  timepieces}. 

^l^  itositii,    One  who  is  concealed, 
hidden* 

^\^  kdna,  It  was,  existed,  happened* 

J^l^  bumna.  But  if,  as  if,  Hke.    fi  ^l^ 

^^  iaanna  lam  ffokon,  As  though  it 
exist  not,  (to  regard)  aa  mom  ovmu, 

^yl^  idiiaii,  A  fire-grate,  chafing-dish, 
or  any  place  for  holding  fire,     ^y^ 

J^Jf,    December,    and  j^^^^^y^t 
Jannaiy. 

A3 1^  IsaoHnahu,  As  if  he  (or  it),  as  if 
indeed.  ^  J  J^\^^\ljJb^^UhJ, 

db^aa  na^Mir  Kami  mnr   kaaimaku   lam 

foitm,  Let  ns  look  npon  this  matter  as  aoii 
oMffn.  [flrom  its  attracting  straws). 

\}jtb^  idhmbd,  Yellow  amber  (so  called 

iJjhl^  idhilf  Slow,  tardy,  languid ;  idle, 
lasy,  negligent. 

^l^  iaMn  (pi.  ii^),  Priest. 

^\^  kaapt  and  Jujl^,  Bdng,  existing. 
A  creature.   ^\^  ^  ^l^.  Be  he  who 

he  may,  whoerer  it  was.     i2j\iJ^, 
Beings,  creatures,  the  nniTerse. 

iabh,    luTerting,    overthrowing. 


tumbling  on  the  ground,  throwing  one  upon 
his  face. 

(.^L^  kahdb,  Boasted  meat. 

l)\^  kabdlatj  Cubeb^,  an  aromatic. 

JLS  isibdr  (pi.  otj*^),  Ghrandees,  nobles, 
men  distinguished  for  wealth  and  knowledge. 

jw  hdbldr  (pi.  jLi  ),  Gapers. 
^\Ji  Inhash  (pL  of  {J>J),  Rams. 

J\J  kahdfir  (pi.  of  ij^),  Great,  large, 
enormous  things.    Mortal  sins. 

Ju^  hM  (pi.  S<S\),  The  heart,  the  liver. 
jliU  ^  ^  ^J^'^J^y  The  flame 


\si 


(800) 


\si 


of  loTe  for  tboM  (ladies)  oontmuet  erer  burn- 
ing in^the  hearts,  just  as  the  fire  of  hospitidity 
continues  to  be  Idndled  by  these  (men)  on  the 
heights. 


J 


j^ 


kibr  or  kubr,  Nobility,   eminence, 

inagnitude,  magnificenoe;  pomp,  pride,  haugh- 
tiness, [grandees. 

\j^  kubard  (pi.  ot  jJi)^  Great  men, 

i^jS  kubra*  (fem.  of  j^\),  Oreater,  etc. 

\lj^  kahriydf  Orandenr,  magnificence, 
.    power,  excellence;  pride,  haughtiness. 

us-^i^  kibrM,  Sulphur.  jr\  «-i^, 

The  philosopher's  stone. 
^JuJ^  kabshf  A  ram. 

iablr  (fem.  ij^  kahirat),  Laige  in 

body,  great  in  power  and  wealth.  Great, 
grand.  [^^P  your. 

<Ugy^  kahUah,  Intercalary,  embolismal. 

(^\s^  kitdh  (pi.  i-^)y  A  book,  volume ; 
writing ;  a  letter,  a  missiye,  despatches. 

(jM  Ji^t  c^l:;^  kiidh  ul  mukaddas,  The 

Holy  Scriptures.  To  understand  the  meaning 
'  of  many  passages  in  the  sacred  records,  to  dis- 
-cem  the  force  and  beauty  of  the  langnia^  in 
which  they  are  clothed,  and  the  sSmirable 
propriety  and  significance  of  their  allusions — 
in  one  word,  to  deriye  idl  the  adrantage  from 
the  sacred  Tolume  which  it  is  calculated  and 
intended  to  bestow — we  must  render  ourselves 
familiar  with  the  physical  and  moral  condition 
of  the  countries  where  it  was  written;  we 
must  examine  the  geographical  situation  of 
Canaan  and  the  surrounding  states,  ascertain 
the  sites  of  their  principal  towns  and  cities, 
and  acquire  some  knowledg^e  of  their  history ; 
to  this  must  be  added  a  smtable  acquaintance 
with  the  natural  history  of  the  East,  and  with 
the  manners  and  customs  of  its  inhabitants. 

^l^  kuttub  (pi.  of  k-^l^),  Writers, 
secretaries,    ^.v  Bj^rtill  u^l^  ^^  t«j 

s\j),  There  is  no  writer  that  shall  not 

perish ;  but  what  hii  hand  has  written  shall 
endure.  Write,  therefore,  nothing  but  what 
will  please  thee  when  thou  shalt  see  it  on  the 
day  of  resurrection. 

ii\s^  kitdbai,  Writing,  descrihing,  in- 
scribing. An  inscription,  the  title  of  a  book, 
a  picture  or  painting  (on  the  walls  of  houses^. 
The  following  is  ue  inscription  written  m 
▼erse  upon  the  tablet  of  the  tomb  of  £osh,ihe 

son  of  Sheddad,  the  son  of  Ad:   ^\ 


^lijcsrf^.  Should  they  remember 

(or  should  you  mention  my  name)  ifia 
length  of  my  age,  and  the  ndssitudet  o^ ' 

andmronmstanoes.  4^«>!I«>1jc1^ 

I  am  the  son  of  Sheddad,  who  held 
over  mankind,  and  over  the  whole  esitk, 

oyer  each  tract  of  it.   j^jl\  ^ 


J 


cT*  C^^J 


\jbjjj  UJ\ 


^Ua£,  All  the  stubborn  armies 
mitted  themselYes  to  me,  and  Syria 

Egypt  onto  Adnan.  Jj'j^j 

hk  glory  I  reigned,  abaaine  their  kingi 
the  people  of  the  earth  usea  to  tremble 

my  majesty !     Ji  Ls?^  \^  JiV*'' 

JU*rir  \^\^  SU\  ^j\^  ^jJj  4 

I  beheld  the  tribes  and  armies  in  my  powe, 
saw  the  countries  and  their  inhabi^nti 


me! 


djLC 


^b 


j^liis  uJH  fc-ill  Jtb\^\  jy , 
mounted,  I  beheld  my  army,  compria 
million  bridles  upon  neighing 

^UjJI  v-^^.  And  I 

wealth  that  oould  not  be  calculated,  i 
treasured  up  as  a  precaution  against  e 


misfortones. 


uW^^'cT*  er^  L^' LT^Ji;  ^' 


termined  to  derote  the  whole  of  my  propetr 
the  purpose  of  extending  the  term  of  my  lait  ■ 

a  short  time,  d  j|^  jUJ  4^^  ^1  ^ 

declined  all,  saye  the  execution  of  His  porpB 
and  thus  am  I  now  by  myself^  separstcd  b 

my  Mends,  i^^  ij/^^  czJ^j^^  J  < 

^1^\  j^ji  U  ^^  culftJ,  Death, 

separator  of  mankind,  eame  to  me,  ind  I 
removed  from  grandeur  and  magnificeto 

the  honse  of  abjection,     k::.*^] « 
(JLslly  And  I  found  (the  reward)  of 


■/ 


(301) 


}irtMtuiBi,ftrv)udiItmp]«dged;  but  the 
Suit  was  mine.  ^^^u^tCiLiiJ  UjU 

Ha  iii«  tiiTBeI(  lert  thon  be  apon  a  brink ; 
ndbmreofeilaiiiitiei!  M  Ajert  then  be  led 

Bgbt! 

j^o  b^  Lmen.    Flax. 

^  yi,  Writing,  dfiflcribing.   A^tii 

ffhtiBoob. 

ir^iriitoarWdflA  (pL  of  ^\^\ 

Wtitn  It^,  DeRrmttoiL  isfcriptum ; 

tkiiajflfabook. 

\^mMid,  A  loM  Henteoant,  vicar, 

uH(pI.  Jt^l),  The  shoolden,  shoul- 
dff  Ibda ;  biotd  ihovldered.  Qond. 

M  iiteB^  Acting  wrong.    Laughing 

4isk  (aod  ^Ic^),  Hiding,  Inridng, 
*«•%:  eofvmg,  TeOmg,  eonoeeling.  To 
■9  *  Mcni    Coneealiag   hie   thoughts. 

t^>lj  Job  Ij  jJ^JI  tr-f^i^  i> 

TStt^eoBcal  seerete,  O  my  good  nuneP 
iKsbezcplied,  How  ihoold  I  not  keep  and 
{■fisl  noeti,  vhen  I  am  of  the  choieeet  and 
M  of  the  &«eboni  tnd  the  Boet  chaite  ladieg  r 

f^4i<««,Cloie,  secret. 

B»  ^i*,  A  troop  or  body  of  soldiers. 

^ittirak,  Chun  tnigacanth. 

ll^M^*  Density,  thickness.  Hard- 

B^,  Abondance,  riches. 

f  ^Mrv^Kultitade,  plenty,  abondance, 
■perfaity,  the  best  or  greatest  part. 

J^l  cJii,  We  feared  that  if  we 

1™*  «e  of  them,  or  etrackbim,  or  droTO  him 
|»?.ft£Twoiildkillm,  on  acoonnt  of  their 
™i^**BBiiiber;  for  immbcn  prerail  againet 

^^  '^A  ^=^^  ^Ij  ^Ur,  And 

?*J* H aWe  to  orerail  against  him,  on  ac- 
^<^^  thoidaaee  of  his  troops,  and  the 
^^^Hiudoaiiiic^  and  the  greatness  of 

?^  W  (fem.  i^),  Many,  much, 


oopioQB,  abundant,  plentiflil,  nnmeions.  Snper- 
floity,  redundance.      JJiS^^^J^j^^l 

^a).  Superfluity  hurts,  a  litUe  does 
good.  ^^  ^^Uj,  A  long  time.  ^^ 
^^Lm^JI,  Liberal,  Idnd.  ^jt^^jt^f 
Many  coloured.  j^\j^  Most  noxious 
or  hurtful,  j^^  Ji^*  I'ittle  and 
much.  \j^  ia^ran  {ij^iZj\Aij 
and  ij^iJL^\j^)f  Often,  frequently. 

jr^  }^  Wj  *^^  ^*^  *-r^  ^*^'^ 

a  Tesael  approached,  wherein  were  many  mer- 
chants, ana  when  she  arrived  at  the  harbour 
of  the  eity  the  captain  Airled  the  sails,  and 
brought  her  to  an  anchor  by  the  shore. 

\j^  JuUlrdj  Gum  tragaoanth. 

cJ^  iaslf,  Thick,  dense;  many,  much. 

Jlsr  kahdl,  A  species  of  antimony.  A 
collyrinm.  Small  beads,  or  anything  similar, 
used  as  amulets  acainst  the  fascination  of 
malignant  eyes.    Eahhal,  An  oculist. 

J^r  hiM,  A  collyrium,  or  antimony  re- 
duced to  a  fine  powder,  used  for  the  eyes. 

^\j^t  J^,  A  tree  bearing  black 
berries,   which   are  excellent  for  the  eyss. 

^^lU  Jisr ,  Sarcocolla,  a  Persian  gum 
or  balsam,  used  in  dressing  wounds. 

t^  iahld,  Having  naturally  black  eyes, 
eye-brows,  and  eye-lashes,  without  the  assist- 
ance of  art. 

\s^  Kakhtdy  An  impregnable  fortress, 
baring  splendid  gardens  and  a  rirer.  It  is 
one  of  the  beet  fortified  bulwarks  of  the 
Mahomedan  countries.  It  is  situated  in 
North  Syria,  at  the  distance  of  one  day's  ride 
from  Hesn  MansQr,  to  the  NW.  of  it,  and 
two  days'  distance  to  the  east  of  Malatia. 

^  Jcadd,  Trouble,  labour,  fatigue,  dili- 
gence, endeaTour. 

jiii  kadar,  Trouble,  affliction,  agitation, 
Texation,  sorrow,  sadness,  grief,  anguish,  soli- 
citude, anxiety,  perturbation,  melancholy. 
Darkness,  dimness,  impurity  (of  colour,  of 
the  ere,  of  water,  etc.).  Being  turbid,  dirty, 
mudoy  (water).  Kadir,  Distracted,  perplexed 
with  misfortunes.     Poured  out  (as  water). 


cy^oOj*  ^>U  ^^  iju^  Uilt  jU 


V 


(302) 


i; 


SI 


^fA^Jj  jiH  *  »AiiM  i^jS^ 


J Jyy^  UUA  t^af:  Jyu  ^Uj»  c^-l 
i^^Ly^^  Afi  L<^1|  The  whole  plain 

haa  become  contracted  in  my  eye,  and  my 
heart  altogether  is  troubled  by  the  view  and 
sight  of  it.  Since  the  objects  of  my  love  de- 
parted, my  joy  has  been  dbtnrbed,  and  the 
tears  have  overflowed  from  my  eyes,  and  sleep 
has  left  my  eyes  on  account  or  their  separation, 
and  my  whole  mind  has  been  perturbed.  Will 
(fortune)  time  unite  us,  and  shall  I  again  enjoy 
intimacy  with  them  and  night  conversation  f 

Ij^d^ladarat  (pi.  of  cl;1jj  J^),  AfiictioD, 

anguish,  perturbation,  oppression  of  spirits. 
M^  haUL  (oomp.  of  kU  and  t  J),  Like 
this,  that.  \^  ^J,  This  or  that  night. 

IjJJb^  Thus.  1j^j\«3^,  So  and  so, 
consequently,  consecutively,  et  cetera. 

Adi  hnM&h  (pi.  ij^ilf),  A  Mar, 

»J^  hnhf  Lyii^y  a  lie. 
{1^'^  kawiik,   So,   thus,  in  the  like 
manner  (compounded  of  ulX  like,  and 
vli3j,that).  ^^»^Uj»«li3j^U\, 

ana  hus^ik  wrld  an  akhrqf,  I  also  wish  to  go 

oat.     ^4m.J  ui3  J^  Jio?  U^,  kamd 

tatakaUam  kaealik  taama^  Such  as  you  speak, 
80  will  you  hear.   <.1J3  Jk^  Jjt^\^  U^ 

JjCL««Jl  (ji^y    kamd  ha  al  mu^aUim 

kauUik  yakun  al  muta^aUitn^  As  the  master, 
so  will  be  the  scholar. 

J^  harr,  Bepeating,  reiterating;  return- 
ing, bringing  back.  [or  take  upon  hire. 

\f  kird,  Hire,  rent.  To  farm,  rent,  give, 
^^y^  hurras,  A  leek. 

^->-l^  Kardchee  or  Kurdehee,  The  prin- 
cipal sea-port  of  Sinde,  NW.  Hindostan,  on 
the  E.  side  of  an  inlet  of  the  Indian  Ocean, 
eighty  miles  SW.  of  Hyderabad,  and  about 
eighteen  miles  from  the  W.  arm  of  the  Indus^ 
i^.  22,237  in  1861.  Kurachee  is  built  on  a 
low,  barren,  sandy  shore,  and  is  walled.  This 
town  is  irregolarly  laid  out,  and  Uie  streets  are 
so  narrow  wat  two  people  can  scarcely  walk 
abreast.    The  houses  are  chiefly  of  mud  and 


sandstone,  obtained  in  great  abundmoe 
the  coast.    Euradiee  hai  a  oonsidenble 
with  Eutoh,  Bombay,  and  tiie  prindftl 
on  the  Malabar  coast    Its  harbour  ti  ( 
dious,  perfectly  safe  in  all  winds,  and, 
not  deep,  is  capable  of  aheltering  ve 
200  or  300  tons ;  so  that  it  is  of  greatEr 
meroial  importance  than  any  of  tbe  por 
the  Indus,  which  can  only  be  reached 
the  sea  in  flat-bottomed  boats.    Nearij 
Malwa  opium  exported  seaward  is  -^^-^ 
Kurachee.    Most  of  the  men  eng 
fisheries  of  Sinde  are  from  Kuraci 
superior  in  intelligenoe  and  appearance 
other  inhabitants  of  the  coast    Korscfae 
bombarded  and  taken  in  a  few  boon 
small  British  force,  on  the  2nd  of  Fel 
1889.     The  distance  from  the  head 
Persian  Gulf  to  Kurachee   is    1190 
From   London   to   Kurachee    viA  Bi 
Aleppo,  and  Bassorah,  is  4444  milM, 
from  London  to  Kurachee  vid  Brindio, 
and  Aden,  is  6247  miles ;  so  the  diffen 
fiivour  of  tiie  Euphrates  line  is  803 
The  distance  from  London  to  Bombay, 
Euphrates  Valley,  is  4944  miles,  wh 
Sues  and  Aden  it  is  6472  miles ;  so  the  ^ 
ence  in  &vour  of  the  Euphrates  line  isf 
miles. 

j\^  kardr,  Impetnons  in  aasault,  be 

and  constant  in  attack. 
yi»ij\f  kardf%8  (pi.  of  L>\/)f  VolunM 

sections,   chapters,    papers,  writiiij 

J  JUS^  Jur^^  A*«-^  4  j:>-^\  Ajj 

^LmJjK^,  majdvi  tdjirfl  kUeh,  v  «•• 

tM  ^alim  ft  kararlsehf  The  glory  of  a  nx 
chant  is  in  his  purse ;  the  glory  of  a  Ictfo 
man  in  his  writmgs.  [o^ 

{jM^S  HatrdSf  The  Alooran,  or  a  secti 
^1^  kardsi  (pi.  of  ^^\  Chain. 
^\f  kardkl  (pL  ot^J),  Cranes. 

m\^  hardm  (pL  of  aJ^),  Noble.   ^S 

•licJH^  f^^JJi\j>^\  ^,  Know,  0  lai 

and  gentlemen,  that  I  had  a  iisther  s  o 
chant  who  was  one  of  the  first  in  rank  anh 
the  most  respectable  people  and  merchants, 

iL9\^  kardmat,  Generodty,  mnnificeD 

dignitv,  excellence,  reverence.  Yenera 
liberal,  beneficent,  precious,  valuable,  won 
dignified. 

^^\^  kardwiya,  Carraway-seeds. 

iib\^  kardhat,  s^  and  S^]/,  Aversi 

horror,  loathing,  detestation.  ^ 
karakaUm^  Unwillingly,  leluetaatly. 


^/ 


(804) 


^s; 


fonnd  that  its  owner  had  died,  and  that  a  wolf 
had  devoured  him  ;  and  I  entered  the  garden, 
and  beheld  the  frnits  shining  upon  the  trees. 

U^  kuramd  (pi.  of  (ij)>  The  noble, 

generous  (men). 
i^ji  karmat,  One  vine. 

fJ^jS  karmel,  or  J-^^^l  J-sf-  jahalulkar' 

melf  Mount  Carmel.  Mount  Carmel  is  a  termina- 
tion of  the  chain  of  hills  commencing  at  the 
Plaiif  of  Esdraelon  to  the  south-^ast,  the  extent 
of  which  is  about  ei^ht  miles.  The  highest 
summit,  which  rises  immediately  behina  the 
monastery,  measures,  according  to  some  tra- 
Tellers,  eighteen  hundred  feet  abore  the  sea. 

(.^^  karanbf  Cabbage,  cauliflower  (or 

JLj^),  a  dish  made  of,  or  peat 
dressed  with  it. 

^\^^  karawdn  (fern.  ^^^^),  The  name 
of  a  bird,  a  bustard,  a  crane,  etc. 

f^^^^  karwdn,  A  caraTan.     ijf\t^^x^ 

karwantaraiff  A  carayansera,  or  public  build- 
ing[  for  caraTans.  The  following  is  the  de- 
scription of  tiie  encampment  of  a  carayan  in 
a  caravansera.  Here  you  see  a  parfr  of 
merchants,  surrounded  by  bales  of  mercnan- 
dize,  en^ged  in  earnest  conyersation  con- 
nected  with  their  commercial  pursuits;  tiiey 
seem  to  pay  no  attention  to  what  is  going 
on  elsewnere.  Not  fax  from  tiiese  you  see 
the  camel-driyers,  reposing  themseWes  after  the 
fatigues  of  the  momme,  and  speculating  upon 
the  chances  and  accidents  of  the  morrow. 
Before  them  you  obserye  the  camels  them- 
selyes,  chewing,  with  ridiculous  solemnity,  the 
food  that  is  hid  before  them.  At  no  great 
distance  you  notice  a  group  of  SheikoA  or 
Elders  listening  to  an  Arab  story-teller,  but 
taking  no  part  in  it  themselyes,  ezcq)t  by  an 
occasional  interruption,  ezpressiye  of  wonder 
and  astonishment.  In  another  part  of  the 
court  you  see  some  youths,  sinking  in  chorus 
round  a  blazing  faggot  fire,  and  beating  time 
witii  their  hands  and  feet 

^,j^  karnhln,  The  cherubim.  K^iU 
fjtJjj^\f  The  cherub  angels. 

ijj^  kurUr  (pi.  of  J^  karr),  Betuming, 
recurring. 

Aj^  kurUm  (pi.  of  /^^  karm),  Vineyards. 

s^  karh,  Aversion,  abomination,  detes- 
tation, abhorrence.  Trouble,  molestation, 
difficulty,  whatever  one  is  compelled  to  do 

reluctantly.    Ifc^  ka/rhan  (or  i^  lJ^)> 
With  difficulty,  inconyeniently. 

jj^  kairi\  Sad,  mournful. 


Jj^  Candia,  or  Crete,  an  island  belong- 
ing to  Turkey,  in  the  Mediternnetn,  stoi^e 
to  the  south  of  the  Qrecian  archipeltgo.  hi- 
160  miles  lone,  with  a  breadth  nsgiiigfnB  6 
to  3^.  Leu.  Mountainous,  bong  trsTenedHi 
high  range  throughout  itsentire  length,  iisoi 
Ida,  renowned  in  classic  story,  nso,  neir  iti 
centi^  to  a  height  of  7674  feet    Upoo  h 
Jupiter  is  said  to  hare  been  edncated  br  tk 
Corybantes.    The  coasts  are  indented  rA 
cayems,  and  the  soil  of  the  yslleyi  is  fertile 
and  productiye.     Climate,  Genial  and  heal^J* 
Fro,  Oil,  oranges,  lemons,  silk,  wine,  nisis, 
carobs,   honey,   cotton,  and   corn.    U^! 
Leather,  soap,  spirits,    sacking,  and  couk 
cloths.    Btp,  estimated  at  160,000,  of  vbos 
60,000  are  Turks,  the  rest  Greeks.    U 
between  34' 66' and  36' 48' N.    Xoitbetwee 
23°  30'  and  26'  20'  E.— This  island  bis  bee, 
at  different  times,  ruled  by  different  povas. 
After  a  war  of  twenty  years,  it  was  i^) 
taken  by  the  Turks  from  uie  Venetians  io  166i 
Candia,  the  capital  of  the  aboye  islsod. » 
situated  in  an  eleyated  plain  on  the  N.  »0^ 
and  is  strongly  fortified.    The  houses  are  ao* 
and  ill-built.    The  harbour,  once  capsM 
is  now  ayailable  only  for  yesseli  <n  ^ 
draught.    The  soap-w(n-ks  here  are  the  Ui;^ 
in  the  island.    Fop,  12,000.    Lai.  3^'  \^  ^' 
Lon,  26°  4'  E.— This  town  fell  before^ 
arms  of  the  Turks  in  1669.    It  was  bes^ 
for  three  years,  during  which  29,000  Chi^ 
and  70,000  Turks  were  slain.    The  To" 
made  69  assaults,  and  the  Venetians  80  softia 
and  1364  mines  were  exploded  on  bothada 

aJ^  karlm  (pi.  Af)y  Generous,  wxsA 

cent,  liberal,  magnificent,  sploidid,  p^ 
benign,  beneyolen^  beneficent,  couiteoimgi* 
cious,  merdiul,  yenerable,  reyerend,  nsf*^ 
able.    Kind.    One  of  the  attributei  oi  ^ 

(j*Jil\  aJ^,  Of  a  noble,  benefice 
disposition.  ^luJl  ^S  or  ^jl^*'  pI/ 
Most  noble,  generous,  ^i^  i^\^ 
is  great,  merciful.    cU'w^  vj:^  ^ 


ifl^  iarihiU,  Misfortune,  calamity. 


if  thou  design  to  marry  her,  the  boo  of  t 
sister  is  more  worthy  of  her  than  ail  the  n 
of  men,  as  he  possesses  all  the  high  quab^ 
tions. 

^AJ^  karimat  (fem.  of  fi^),  KoU 

generous.  A  princess,  a  lady.  ^\^j> 
The  two  eyes  (as  the  noblest  parts  of  the  W 

ij^  karih,  Detestable,  abominable. 

^^IflxJl,  Deformed  in  countenance. 
i^J  karlkat  (fem.  of  ^  ioHA),  W 


^ 


(305) 


*MkS 


ud  tke  cdfoiioai  diauDflMioei  attaadiiig 
ii   Dncreeftble,  rfrt—hiTJo,  ■hnmiiiabhe,  dis- 

n»bab      ■ 


J  iirf,  A  gannent 

^^  Jaosi,  Gainuig  ouidh  (a  raao). 

A>li  inlAif,  ImpalMicy  in  hands  or 


to. 


j^  iatf,  DiiBcnU^r  in  deqiatchuig 
«f  orA^j,  badnoi  of  markeli^  decline  of 
tade.  flemMH^  dagulum  of  oommeroe. 


tjUH/L- 


t-tf  ii>' 


u.  jL  U  UU*^  ^  Zlls;*  ^l^  iLlLi 


♦  UO  jj^t  ^^  <ll5^  Jj  ♦  ^UcjJi,  But 

^  peloiU  (MMrted.)  tibai  hit.  act  had  loof 

kn  pififlM  frna  the  poreHrr  that  had 

naaOaesoatiy.    I  hara  bj  him  a  child, 

•ftebleMtkth,a]id  neither  of  aican  find 

gli>  artmnoe  with  him ;  hoi  from  the 

p^  ftH  we  eodore,  onr  teaia  oeaee  not  to 
■I. 

^fcasr,  Chipa^   fin^gmentt.    ^C^ 
^■ir^Akewarol  mid* 

Pwind/i^,  An  ecSpae,  obscantion. 
^^  kfdJlfl,   lEBBfiHegBy    akywnefls. 


~  My  GtiB^aeqpiBiliaii  (byUmir), 

V^l^  ij\s^l^  VlL,  Thare  is  no 

*^  n  oar  dtj  aconainted  with  iwiaaaa  or 
*^  bvtoBlj  wi^  getting  money. 

^  ItOma,  A  colL     Chesnut. 

*^  ^f  A  luptorey  breach,  ront,  pnt- 

^<»4^t  The ToweL point i«v or ihMra 
u.ir  Asrt  t.  To  break,  to  destroy,  to  ront, 
•?«to%ht,to  break  the edgei    Tomark 

^  the  pomt  iMra.  ,j*iJ]^,  To 
^  ^  fledL     To  bmnble  one's  self. 

4)^fS  hur  o^a^rfy  A  decimal 

^  ^  fS  hur),  Yolgar  &actionfl. 
/^  (m  sattmelie). 

r^  ^trai  or  burah.  The  vowel  t . 

^  frtttore,  rvf/ban,  bveadu  JR»rat,  A 


XMHtfy  from  the  Persian  (Chasroes,  Gyms) 
X  Khnsrow/'  which  signifies  <*a  ^reat  king/' 
and  which  the  Roaiana  coaTartsd  into  **  Ooa- 

almost 


loea"  (a  sarnama  that  they  nre  to 
erery  kng  ef  the  Wssanisa  <&Bastf), 
appellation  applied  by  the  Anoa  (ue 
among  the  Bomans}  to  many  ancient  kings  of 
Penia.  Aoooiding  to  the  rersian  and  Arab 
historians,  Hie  ki^  of  Plersia  prior  to  Si- 
Island  eoBpcsed  fonr  dynasties,  namel]r--the 
Peshdadians,  die  chronology  of  which  is  vn- 
known ;  the  Kamiaai,  innch  ended  in  the 
year  881  a.a,  wnen  Persia  wss  eonqnered  br 
Alennder  the  Great ;  tiie  Ashkaaians,  whkn 
tenunalsd  a.D.  202;  and  the  Saaanians,  the 
last  of  whom  waa  orenxmie  by  the  Arabs 
▲JK  686. 

JrfM^  ioai^  Lazneas,  alowneaB,  oo  wardloe. 

^JLJ  huktn,  Slothftal,  slnggish,  neg- 
leatfU,  aqgiifsal. 

L:j\y^  kiiwdi  (pi.  of  iy^)9  Clothes. 
iytS  kimmt^  A  robe,  a  habit,  a  mode  of 


lm^*t»Cj  {J»^^  \^  JJLcI  MffT  UmJI  ^Ji 

j^\^  ^j,,^\  i\ ,  When  tiie  hands  of 

time  play  with  na,  misfiDrtnae  is  imparted  to 
us  by  its  protracted  kiss.  In  the  sky  are  stus 
that  cannot  be  counted,  but  none  are  eclipsed 
save  the  snn  and  the  moon. 

J^M*^  ioiiU,  Slow,  dull,  lazy. 

,^4i^  luMhy  Infirm  in  hands  or  feet ; 

lame,  nnable  to  moTe  from  place  to  place, 
impotent. 

Ju4M^  koAi,  A  dnll  market.     See  AJi. 

. jjihS  Juuifff  Broken,  torn  off. 

^i»Mi^  hM/f  Thick,,  gross,  impure,  bad, 
unpleasant. 

i^\£i  haahtlhdff  A  detector,  discoTerer. 
An  officer  whose  bosinasa  iila  Uk  examine  and 
report  upon  something,  as  a  raluer  or  a 
coroner. 


ha$hft  The  nnoorering  anyifaing 
corered.  Discorering  anything  ezirting  but 
unknown.  "RTAmining  aoii  Taiiiiiig  any  pro- 
perty. Maldng  an  estimate,  the  estimate  it- 
self. Kiamining  into  the  condition  and  cir- 
cumstances of  any  thing  or  act.  To  uncover ; 
to  discover.  To  examine,  surrey,  radne, 
estimate.  To  examine  into  the  ciacumstaases 
of  a  thing  or  &cl 

^JtAJ^  kitkmmh,  Driedgn^aa,  oorinAs, 

or  currants,  a  species  of  small  grape  without 


20 


(306) 


jtAJui  Eiuhmlr,   or  ji<*^  Jl& 


Kathmtr,  The  tiasiifiB  of  OuHimire.  The 
ehawls  whieh  Ezekiel  seeniB  to  h«Te  deioribed 
under  the  appellatioii  of  chondchoiid. 


Ka9hm\r,  Cashmere,  a  province 

of  Northern  India,  now  united  to  the  do- 
minions of  the  Ponjab.  Sxi,  about  80  miles 
long,  by  about  40  broad.  Area  estimated  at 
4600  square  miles.  In  1686  this  oountrr 
was  taken  by  the  Emperor  Akbar,  and  added 
to  his  empire.  In  1762  it  was  conquered  bj 
the  Afghans,  who  kept  it  till  1819,  when  it 
was  wrested  from  them  by  the  Sikhs,  under 
whose  dominion  it  remained,  in  conneiion 
with  the  Punjab,  till  1846^  when  a  dispute 
with  tbe  British  resulted  in  its  cession  to 
them,  upon  condition  of  mutual  assistaiioe 
being  rendered  in  case  of  war. 


KMhrnlfi  Cashmere,  called  also 

Serinaghmr,  the  cental  of  the  abora  proTinoe, 
extends  three  miles  on  each  side  of  the  rirer 
Jhelum,  oyer  which  there  are  several  wooden 
bridges.  Many  of  the  houses  are  three  stories 
high,  and  are  principally  built  of  wood,  with 
partition-walls  of  mriok  and  mortar.  The 
residence  of  the  Goremor  is  on  the  right 
bank  of  the  river.  The  streets  are  narrow, 
and  choked  with  the  filth  of  the  inhabitants, 
who  are  proverbially  a  dirhr  people.  In  the 
environs,  on  the  banks  of  a  lake,  are  the 
remains  of  several  handsome  palaces,  built  by 
the  emperors  of  Hindostan.  Its  optdence  has 
greatly  decayed.  Bop,  Unoertain.  At  the 
commencement  of  the  present  century  it  was 
estimated  at  160,000 ;  out  pestilence  and  mis- 
rule have  immensely  reduced  it  Lot,  84*  6' 
N.    Xo».  74^67' E. 

^  kaxm,  Plrohibition,  restraint*    To  re- 
^  strain  (anger). 

w^t!?  Ita^f  The  heel,  the  protuberant 

joint-bone  of  the  foot  and  leg;    any  joint 

'  resembling  it ;    the  top  of  the  foot.     Dice, 

tables,  or  the  bones  with  which  they  play  at 

those  or  similar  games.    A  geometrical  cube. 

J^l  <*-r^>  ^  ^^  ^^  sweetmeat. 

4yi^  ka^at,  The  square  temple  at  Mecca. 

^«^;;:u«^  (dual),  The  two  temples,  If  eoca 
and  Jerusalem. 

vl^  ka^k,  Cake. 

(^  iaf,  The  palm  of  the  hand.     Jx 

uJ^l,  Chiromancy,  fortune-telling  by 
the  lines  on  the  palm. 

fmJ^  kaf,  Prohibition,  restraint,  impedi- 
ment. Abstinenoe;  continence.  Hemming  a 
garment. 

imJ^  kuff{imp.),  Abstain,  cease,  drop  it, 
leave  off.  rf  -.  hr  Ij  c^bJDl  tj:^jb  jj 


J^ 


She  then  folded  the  letter,  and  gatv  it  to  thj 
old  woman,  saving  to  her,  Ddiftr  tt  to  hki 
and  say  unto  him,  Abstain  from  these  word:] 
And  she  replied,  I  hear  and  obey. 

U^  ib/d.  Bong  equal,  aHke,  reeemblis^ 
corresponding*  Oppoaing  equal  to  equai! 
comparing,  fiewaiding,  reoompensiiig.  J 
kind  ofttirt  ihstened  to  tiie  lower  psrt  of  I 

,  taut  (Or  i*U^),  The  produce  a 
camels  for  one  year,  viz.  ooltB,  milk,  and  hiu 

-U^  hifah^  Discovering,  revealiBg 
Fighting,hoetility.  ^^^j-i^l^  ^Z^ 

l\i^  ^\ ,  I  bemoan  her  while  thr 

sleep  who  are  free  from  love ;  and  the  wia^ 
of  desire  have  made  sport  with  me!  I  m^ 
sacrificed  with  liberality  my  tean,  sad  c 
wealtii,  and  my  heart,  and  my  reason,  sod  o 
soul ;  and  yet  liberality  is  the  gain  itself!  Tb 
worst  of  all  kinds  of  evil  and  vezalion  is  hd 
tUity  experienced  from  the  beantifid ! 

jSj^  hujjfdr  (pi.  of  yl^),  Infidds,  m| 
beUevers,  pagaos,  worshippen  of  idoU. 

ij^  haf&rat  or  ij\^,  Penitence,  a^ 
atonement  for  sin,  a  penitential  ezpiatioii. 

uJU^  laf&ff  Sufficiency,  oompeteoe^ 
enough. 

il\s^  ka/dlat,  Security,  caution,  gtiarai) 

teeship,  bailship.  ^jM Ij  ilUf ,  Pe« 
sonal  security. 

iAiS  kifdyatf  Sufficiency,  enough.  Bein| 
enough,  ample,  sufficient.  Being  any  ooe 
equal  in  position. 

S^  kaffat,  The  bason  or  scale  of  a  baland 

^^  kafatm  (dual  of  li^  kaffat),  Tb 
two  basons  of  a  balance. 

^ib/tt,Bevealing,  discovering.   Lw^ 

ing  or  speaking  with  an  averted  eovntaotiKi 
Kissing  with  naked  Ups.  Fighting  in  an  opt 
field  hand  to  hand. 

i^  ^a>-,  A  village.  Expiating  (any  w 
by  almsgiving).  Kufr,  Blaaphemy,  incf** 
li^Tf  impioty.  To  say  anything  smsckiflg  < 
misbelief.    To  cuise  and  swear. 


ii 


(807) 


c-J^ 


'uM:l\Jji  htfrUnd  m^nai,  Ingrati- 
tade,  denial  of  boefiti  ^  word  or  deed). 

iA  i^/M  (or  iafrtik),  Infidela,  pagane. 

w;ilx  Erfartdbf  A  small  town,   or 

nthff  ft  TiDa^  wliere  water  is  scaroe.  It  is 
stBitid  bilf  WBj  between  Maurah  and  Shiiar, 
mSotft  Syiii,  between  Hamah  and  Aleppo. 
Iti  iw^^bitiiiti  ire  Tamanitee. 

Af-li/  C^wmaiim,  A  plaoe  of  Palea- 

tise, «  ^  bnden  of  Zebolnn  and  NaplitalL 
gepJK There  Chikt  nanally  resided  during 

Hjnasitiy. 

0^  i^  The  orapper  (of  a  hone). 
A^  BoBg  leeority  for  another. 

5^'  iifWi  (pL  of  J-i^),  Securities, 
1^^  [sheet. 

J^  Va»  Bead  clothes,  a  winding- 
^«a  igf^  Being  security  (for  another). 
'^^^f  (pL  ^),  A  suffidenoy. 

J^  iaf^  A  security,   surety,   cau- 

^'  A  pencil  who  is  hail,  guarantee,  or 

•WBiHe. 

^  ^^|Mi,  A  square  kerchief  of  cotton 
ad  dk  mixed,  generally  yellow  and  green, 
«|n  m  the  Bast  hr  the  Bedonins  and  the 
vj^dsMB.  It  is  raided  so  that  one  comer 
^  bftchmd,  and  two  other  comerB  hang 
^"^^fonpart  of  the  shoulders;  with  the 
^  ^  eoter  their  fiaoes  to  protect  them 
^  the MiB'inm  hot  wind,  or  rain;  it  also 
«va  to  eoQoeal  die  fieatona  of  those  who 
vnhtoheimkaown. 

^  W,  All,  muTersal.     The  whole. 

iTha  ward  aerer  tskes  the  srticle.  and  is  oon- 
^^  with  Tcrbs  or  sqhetantiTes  in  ti^e  mas- 

oJiiBeorfemine,  singular  or  ploraL)  J^ 

4/>t,  Every  man.     i\j^\  J^,  Every 

^onaa.     yM\  J$,  All  men.     Ji 

^^',  The  whole  cup.  When  pre- 
^  W  verbs  or  snhstantiTes,  it  has  some- 
3aes  the  affixed  pronoun  annexed ;  as 

•w  Oft^  Jii^  He  put  every  enemy  to 
tbtfwoid.  l^*JuJ,Vith  his  whole 
^  J^^  J^,  Every  one.  UK,  As 
J«tt.  s-^Uj^^^,  Prom  every 

«£,  fatt  lU  quarters. 

*^^,  Forage,  fodder,  herbage,  grass, 
**^^^ingwith  green  herbage  ( ground). 

ii'  tea,  Both,    i^  talla,  Not  at  all, 

'•-1  a  the  kait. 


mJii  kaldl,  A  delirium,  insanity. 

^11^  kOdh  (pL  of  L^),  Bogs. 

c^)l^  ihiAlS,  A  pot-hook;  also  a  hook 
for  drawing  bread  from  OTens. 

Sjii  Mdbat,  Eorceps,  pincers. 

Jl^  ibb/.  Weakness,  languor,  fatigue, 
Isssitode,  impotencj. 

laiii  laldlat,  Being  fhtigued. 
aH  kaldm,  A  speech,  an  oration,  ha- 
rangue,discourse.  |*)L^1.^v<^,Eloquent. 

AQ\»ij,  To  refute,  contradict,  oppose. 
fAii\  Joj,  Slow  of  speech,  ^f  ^J^, 
Hie  word  of  GM.     f!iil\  fU,  Meta* 

physios,  rhetorio.   isj>^\  fH^  ^^4>^  Uli 

ttf«  ^^  J])}  ^3J  {J^3  ^  Lj^^ 

JJt,  So  when  he  heaid  the  words  of 

his  sisters,  his  heart  was  tranqnillized,  and  his 
terror  was  qmeted,  and  the  pain  that  he  suf- 
fered ceasea. 

4/^  ialdu^  (pi.  of  JLK),  Sidneys. 

»K  hddh,  A  cap,  a  cowl,  a  nightcap, 

especially  one  worn  by  the  Mahometan  moahs 
or  derrises ;  also  in  general  any  similar  head- 
dress ;  a  mitre,  Uara,  tnrban,  a  Tartar  cap^  a 
fillet  or  wreath. 

u^  kalb  (pi.  cJlf ),  A  dog.     ^^ 
jlJ\,  The  dog^tar.   ^^\j  id  JUi 


to  him,  0  dog  of  men !  doth  such  an  one  as 
thyself  address  me  with  these  words  P  and  dost 
tbon  mention  my  daag:hter  in  the  assemblies, 
and  say  that  the  son  of  thy  sister  is  her  equal  ? 
Who  then  art  thon,  and  who  is  thy  sister,  and 
who  is  her  son,  and  who  was  his  father,  that 
thon  sayest  to  me  these  words,  and  addressest 
me  with  this  discourse  P 

iKiWJa^,  A  bitch.    ^U^LjuJ^J^, 
Every  dog  barks  at  his  own  door,  j^a^ 


lJIS 


(808) 


OK 


LJi^\  ^L)  c-»W^l,  The  terkiog  of 

dogs  does  not  injnn  the  doads. 

^IsJ^  kalhatdfif  A  blacksmith's  or  far- 
rier's forceps,  with  which  they  take  hold  of 
hot  iron  or  pnll  oat  noils. 

^LmI^  JcMiyahf  A  sect  of  Ansariah  who 

pay  adoration  to  the  dog ;  they  inhabit  the 

mountains  of  T^tal^ift. 

4mK  halhiyah^  Cynici,  Cynics,  a  sect  of 

philosophers,  founded  by  Antisthenes  the 
Athenian.  They  'were  famous  for  their  con- 
tempt of  riches,  for  negligence  in  their  dress, 
•nd  the  length  of  their  bttuoda.  Diogenes  was 
one  of  their  sect. 

^jM  kikr  Quiok-Hme. 

&K  kul/at,  Trouble,  Texation,  distieie. 

iS^  Kaleutta,  Calontta,  a  city  of  Ben- 
gal, and  the  capital  of  British  India,  standing 
on  the  £.  bank  of  the  Hooehly  river,  at  the 
distance  of  100  miles  from  the  Bay  of  Bencral. 
In  the  year  1690  the  English  founded  a  Su>- 
toiy,  and  in  the  year  1696,  in  consequeuce  of 
a  rebellion  in  bengaii,  t^  fortified  it    This 

.  ihctory  was  named  Fort  William,  and  it  is  the 
laigest  fortress  in  India.     Opposite  the  ^rt 

•  stands  the  Government  House  or  palace,  in  a 
line  with  which  nvi^  a  row  of  superb  bouses. 
At  right  angles  &om  this,  and  eastward  of  th^ 
OoTernment  House,  there  have  been  erected  a 

'  number  of  handsome  houses,  with  colonnaded 
fronts  and  flat  roofr,  each  house  being  sur- 
rounded by  a  garden  or  grass-plot,  ana  com- 
manding a  Tiew  of  the  fort,  esplanade^  and 
race-grounds.     On  the  right   baud  of  the 

-  goTemment  hquse  are  the  treasury  and  court 
of  justice.  The  town,  which  comprises  two 
sections,  a  natiye  and  a  European,  is  inhabited 
by  merchants  of  all  the  countries  of  the  world. 
It  has  an  extensirQ  squajre,  with  a  large  tank 
or  pond  of  fresh  wato*,  called  the  Lall  Biggy, 
and  sixty  feet  deep.  One  side  of  this  square 
'  is  occupied  by  the  writers'  builduigs,  where  all 
the  junior  ciril  serrants  of  the  company  hare 
apartments,  whilst  on  the  other  side  stands  the 
college.  On  the  third  side  of  the  square  there 
are  some  handsome  shops  and  houses,  occupied 
by  merchants  and  others  engaged  in  business. 
At  the  N.W.  comer  of  the  square  ii  t)ie  obe- 
lisk, which  commemorates  the  capture  of  the 
fort ;  and  the  apartment  known  as  the  "Black 
Hole  of  Calcutta  **  is  now  used  as  a  store-room. 
The  principal  public  buildings,  besides  Ibose 
mentioned,  are  the  town-hul,  the  mint,  a 
cathedral,  numerous  Protestant  churches,  Ro- 
man Catholic  chapels,  an  Arminian  church,  a 
Mahometan  college,  seTeral  mosques,  and  a 
number  of  Hindoo  temples.  Opposite  to  the 
town  the  Hooghhr  is  a  mile  wide,  and  there  is 
eood  anchorage  for  ships  of  500  tons  buiden, 
But  the  larger  Tcssels  are  obliged  to  stop  at 
Diamond  Harbour,  about  fifty  miles  doim  the 
riTcr.    There  are  several  ship^building  docks, 


and  its  trade  is  yerr  extensive,  as  it  moso] 

lizes  nearly  the  wnole  of  the  intenor  cu 

merce  of  Itengal.    It  b  tiie  seat  of  the  net 

poUtan,  who  ^  the  title  ol  Bishop  of  Cslcai 

with  a  salary  fixed  by  Act  of  Parliamest 

£/^P00per  annum.    Btp.  700,000.    Xst 

7ort  Wiam,  2T  8^  N.    Xom.  88"  3<r  E 

Tbe  mutiny  of  the  Sepoys,  which  broke  oat 

1857,  and  was  filially  suppressed  in  1859,  i 

parted  to  Calcuttia,  as  the  capital  of  the  lod 

empire,  an  interest  much  greater  than  it  1 

ever  before  obtained  in  tiie  eyes  of  the  ciriU 

worl4   The  consequence  of  this  was  innun 

able  descriptiona  of  it  from  writea  of  er 

variety ;  and  among  these,  one  from  the  ipe 

correspondent  of  the  TimtM  newspaper. 

one  of  the  letters  of  thia  authority  we  fini 

stated,  that  **  you  mast  go  to  the  top  of 

Auchterlony  monument  to  have  any  notioo 

the  size  of  this  city.     It  is  quite  fire  m 

long,  and  in  some  parts  tiiree miles brosd; 

can  the  po^ulatioa — I  speak  after  tsUuDg 

matter  over  with  those  best  able  to  fbni 

judgment— be  lesa  than  700,000  souls.  Tl 

IS  Fort  William,  to  be  sure ;  but  ia  all  ot 

it  ia  the  most  dofenoeleiB  city  in 

world."    The  following,  firom  the  same  whi 

will  show  the  nature  of  tiie  attention  whkh 

Englishman  must  be  pxenared  ta  reorin 

moment  he  sets  foot  in  the  capital  of  s  k 

where  his  oountryipen  have  carried  all  bd 

them  by  their  oouiage  and  their  geaiwi 

''When  you  land  at  Calcutta,  you  an 

another  world.    You  may  faney  yonneU 

vou  please,  a  grand  seigneur,  teigmng  in 

hearta  of  a  devoted  people,  whoae  affetti 

you  have  seeued  by  a  ufiBtime  of  benefit! 

acts.    Ton  are  scarcely  housed  befon  ^ 

waited  i^n  by  a  deputation  of  your  subjs 

with  their  handa  upon  their  lus  and  4 

bodies  bent  in  lowly  obeiaanoe.  Their  hid 

aspiration  is  to  have  tilie  honouc  of  becon 

your  highness*B  domestic  slaves.    That  B 

doo,  whose  lar^  deep  eves  are  cast  rarthms 

and  who,  in  his  dress  or  irreproachable  w^ 

ness,  js  waiting  patiently  till  your  notice  il 

warm  him  into  life,  desires  only  to  be  1 

bearer,  the  keeper  of  your  wardrobe,  andj 

tireman.  The  rather  taller  Mussulman,  ii 

salaam  is  a  little  lesa  lowly,  has  placed  sD 

hopes  upon  becoming  your  kiteutgar,- 

wait  upon  you  at  table,  to  bring  you  « 

flesh,  aye,  and  even  swine*s  flesh,  if 

srace  snould  delight  in  such  undf 

The  three  more  loosely*clad  lords  of 

who  are  adoring  you,  hesitate  to  promise 

selves  the  hapumess  of  swinging  pur  pi 

Believing  each  other  every  four  houn, 

will  employ  all  their  eneigies  day  and 

while  you  sleep  and  while  you  wake,  in 

2  cool  air  over  your  heated  brow, 
er  men,  whose  costume  is  sdll  more 
express  their  devotion  bjr  the  humility  of 
prostrations.  Their  ambition  ia  to  cany 
your  honoured  corporation ;  sav  you  arc 
stone  weight,  still  they  wiU  bear  you 
under  the  not  sun  at  a  smart  trot,  your ' 
reclining  all  the  while  in  a  huge  box, 


J^ 


(800) 


f^ 


ffiidibipiiMn'B  ehefety  vith  tKding  panels  to  it, 
reading,  imokmg,  or  ftleepioig,  as  yoa  list  :->- 

n  Mt  fi  dovz  de  Adre  M  Imireax, 

sfld  joQ  maj  gniaif  the  wbole  of  these  ezpeet- 
ants  iH  the  expenie  of  something  less  than  J52 
per  week." 

Ui  bdhmi,  Whatever.  As  often  as, 
every  time.    (Or  ^^j^),  Whoever 

oU^  in/Mid^  (pi.  of  l^),  Words, 
^oaiki,  diseotMiBe.  iJL^UiS^yLjilt, 
Thedeealogiie.  aHl  iL«K^  The  word 
of  God.    liKii^,  Word  for  word. 

l^lj^,  The  king  t^ked  to  her,  end 

inquirBd  of  her  her  naitaie ;  hut  she  was  sSent, 
not  uttering  a  single  word,  nor  xetuming  him 

snuKver. 

i)S  hdiDdt^  A  UdKiey. 

j^  hih  (fern.  L^),  (G*Dund)  (Severed 
*  with  ploity  of  herbage,  gre^  or  dry. 

J^  h^  (fern.  Ui  ]Miyat)y  Universal, 
'toiaj,  important.     Pertaining  to  all,  to  the 

▼hole,    JKH  aliuUi,  The  very,  the 

^^  the  most^  added  to  the  substantives, 
pf  ea  them  the  highest  decree  of  superlatiyity, 

as  l^/^-  i\j  ^yiA\  J[fl\  alkuin  ash- 
«Wif  mrfi'jkriii,    The"  right   hononrable. 

^P^  J^t  MtMl  attlkM,  The  most 
blessed.  '  ijj^\  J331  oZiMA  flJifci. 
toaA,Thevety  holy,  the  most  holy.  \fj\ 
L\^\  Ui\\  Jl\  0  moet  holy  mother ! 
l*2^\  lil\  aOMUi  (uhshakdwat,  The 
noitiinhappy.  iJS  V'^j  ^J^J^^  '*^ 

*^  Adid  opinin  jb«^  tDa^awdkihhu  hul- 

^  M^  This  IB  an  important  matter, 
^  iti  eQuequenoes  are  wery  important 

'^\»  Mhtaifah,  Not  at  all,  by  no 
^\i,  I  am  not  at  all  acqoainted  with 


this 


^^  Utiiif&if  The  whole  works  of  an 
aotbor,  as,  ^l^  oLK,  The  works 

cf>*aziakL 


^Uw«J^  ^(^U^  ll^hla  wa  dawfna,  A  mond 

work,  which  existed  from  remote  times  nndet 
the  ti^le  of  ^itupadaaa  (exhibitioa  of  right 
doctrine)  in  the  Banskrit,  and  hating  been 
brought  from  In^  to  the  court  of  Eesra 
-KoQinirwan,  Einff  o)f  Persia  (in  the  41st  ]Mr 
of  whose  reign  Mohammad  was  bom),  and 
translatod  ibto  Palwi  by  Biizoweieh  the  phy- 
^idan,  was  again  translated  into  Arabic  nnoer 
the  khaliMie  of  Al-Mattiun,  and  afterwaMis 
into  modem  Persian  by  Abou'l  Maali,  with 
th(B  title  Anwari  Soheili,  and  revised  by  Hassan 
Kashefi*  the  -author  of  the  Persian  Commen- 
tary on  the  £ur'an.  The  Arabic  versfon, 
which  is  yenr  elegant,  was  printed  at  Bulac  in 
the  time  of  Mohammad  Aau  Pasha,  the  Vice- 
ioj  of  Ejgypt. 

j^  hUlm^  One  who  speaks  to  another. 

dfit  aJ^,  One  who  speaks  to  God,  i.e, 
Moees. 
M$  km  (comp.  contrac.  of  u/  and  a), 
How  much?     Many,  much.     A  multitude. 

ij^  iS,  How  often  ?  fS^  ci^j  Ji  Jli 


* ci:UJ\  ^l^  CC^^  JJ»^\ 


^  ij:*^!  i»^  «x& ,  How  often  have  I  stood 

fighting ;  and  how  often  have  I  slain ;  tod  to 
how  many  things  have  I  been  a  witness! 
And  how  often  have  I  eaten,  drunk,  and  heard 
•  the  songs  of  singing  ladies!  How  often 
have  I  ordered  and  forbidden!  How  many 
strone  fortresses  and  towns  have  I  not  b^ 
sieged  and  conquered  (opened),  and  from  which 
I  have  taken  the  lovely  females'  ornaments ! 
But  in  my  ignorance  I  committed  a  great  mis- 
take, by  obtaining,  as  a  security,  thin^  wished 
for,  but  whieh  proved  at  last  to  be  frail.  Con- 
sider then  attaitively  thy  ease,  0  man,  before 
thou  shalt  drink  the  cup  of  death !  For  yet  a 
little  while,  and  the  dost  shall  be  poured  upon 
thee,  when  lifeless  thou  shalt  be ! 

1^  kumm  (pi.  /*U^1),  A  sleeve. 


u 


(310) 


t^ 


U^  kamd,  A  mnBbroom. 

U^  kamd  (comp.  of  CS  and  U),  Like ; 
as^  J  U^,  As  it  is  asserted,  as  above 
related.      J^Hl  _i  U^,    As    before. 

iJ^iXs^t  ^  J;j  U^,  As  it  is  related 

in  the  sayings  (of  Mahomet).  U^ 
^tl^-jJb,  As  it  ought;  agreeable  to 
justice.   |J^  J^  ^f  As  God  spake. 

^l^  \^,  As  it  was,  in  the  same  manner 
and  situation,  equally,  alike.  U^ 
v_  -'^^y  \^,  As  it  may  suit  or  be  agree- 
able. aLmoaT^  U^,  As  befare  fully 
enlarged  upon.     ^  U^,  As  things 

M 

are,  as  the  affair  stands.     JJi  \a^,  As 

it  is  said.  ^t«X7^jjU^,  As  you 
judge  you  will  be  judged ;  such  as  you  measure 

will  be  measured  to  you.  ^yvV.  ^> 
As  it  suits.      Ji7  <Ji3j^  Amu  U^ 

kama  tafyil  kazaUk  tolakt,  Such  as  you  do,  so 
will  you  find.  ^\  \.fuuuiJ  _3  LlJUj 

ij  -^!  h  ^j^  J^\  ijjC  Uy^S\  1  jjb 

And  she  said  within  herself,  Verily  this  thing 
no  one  has  kno¥m  from  me,  and  I  will  not 
reyeal  it  to  this  old  woman  until  I  shall  hare 
tested  and  tried  her,  as  it  must  be. 

djU^  kamayah,  A  mushroom,  a  fungus. 

JU^  kamdl  (pi.  CL>llU^),  Perfection, 
excellence,  integrity ;  completion,  accomplish- 
ment, conclusion;  punctuality.  JliJ 


J  JU;  dd]  JUfll  ^^^,  So  the 

king  said  within  himself,  May  God  be  praised, 
the  Creator  of  this  damsel!  How  elegant  she 
is,  saving  that  she  does  not  speak.  Sut  per- 
fection l^longeth  only  unto  Chod,  whose  name 
beeialted! 

JuIU^  kamdtlyat.  Perfection.   See  JU^. 

aU^  kimdm  (pi.  of  fS  kmm),  Bose-buds, 
*  etc.  ' 

^U^  kamdn,  Again,  still  (vulgar). 


^^U^  ktmdnfah,  A  violin. 
^^^2^  iumaira\  A  pear ;  pears. 
Ji^  hamuliy  Uke,  as,  aocording  to. 
\s^  kamkhd,  A  kind  of  Oriental  brocai 
jA^  kamar,  A  girdle,  zone,  belt 

CJy£  ffumruk    (Oreek  "Kofi^pia)^ 
custom-house.     An  export  or  import  di 

J\  \l^y^  ywnruk'd-har^  A  land  ci 

tom-house.     j^^  Cjty^  gumrvk^ 

hahr,  The  sea-port  custom-hoose.  i 

Vil^^^l  rasmul  pumrul,  An  exji 
or  import  custom-duty.      ^  vjj 

C//im\  mitahMim  min  al  gumruk^ 

smuggle,  ij^y^  Emoih^  Chemo 
An  idol  of  the  Moabites,  supposed  to  be  the  < 

fjyi^  kammUn,    Cummin  seed,    ^^i 
^1»>,  Aniseed.  ^^^j\  ^y^f  Oarrawa 
^uaS  kammlyaif  Quantity. 

^j^  kamln,  An  ambush,  a  larking  pis 

where  any  one  makes  ohsemtion  witt 
being  seen. 

^J  kun,  Let  it  be;  as  ^^  ^,  (( 

said)  let  it  be,  and  it  was. 

jU^  kandr,  A  side,  brink,  coast,  sho 
extremity,  limit,  boundary,  edge ;  the  hem 
a  garment) ;  the  maigin  (of  a  book). 

(jmII^T  kanndi,  A  sweeper. 

Uc,^  kundsat,  Sweepings,  rabblsh,  di 

iA:^  kindjfot  or  ^U^y  An  allnsion,  mc 

phor,  metonymy,  rhetorical  figure.  Girinj 
understand  one  s  meaning  by  parallel,  and 
direct,  explanation. 

^^\:Skattdyi8  (pi.  of  ^m*^),  Chart}] 

^l:.^  kandiftn  (pi.  of  ^},  Baughtc 
in-law. 

^lIj^  kannat,  The  wife  of  a  son. 

Ji^^kanz,  Treasuring.    JSTohm  (pL  jy 
Treasure  (especially  buried  gold  or  silver). 
(jmIi^  kansy  Sweeping. 

^U«^  JETan^nf  Canaan.     The  son 

Ham,  Noah's  son.  Also  a  oountiy  ca 
Palestine,  bounded  east  by  the  river  Jon 
west  by  the  Mediterranean  Sea,  south 
the  deserts  of  Arabia,  and  north  by  M-^ 
Libanus,  about  180  mUes  in  length,  and  ah 
130  miles  in  breadth. 


V 


(311) 


> 


uciimffA  ode,  edge,  maigin,  ooast, 

dure. 

\yS  bmii  (fi  oi^),  Treasares. 

^  bpfttot  l^f  A  metaphor.    A  snr- 

me  en^med  bjedli^  m  one  thefttiier  or 
wikr,  ff  the  MO  or  ungtiter,  of  aome  one 
ik,  tfaai  »^  AiiUr  o/ZUt;*  <*  I!W  «om 
•f  JfiM,"  ire  of  tiiii  ela«y  as  alio,  and  more 

M^oM  (pL  yJSci),  A  ehnroh. 
ci^litf/  A  public  neoessarj. 

i}^  hmsonkj  A  hive  or  any  place  in 

*^  bes  Bake  honer.  Bewrroin  in  which 
tb  BsdoaiM  keq^  fhe  yearly  proTiiionf  of 
^  ad  faariej.  It  ii  fire  feet  high,  and 
tffoindiaietery  fonned  of  day  and  cat  itnw, 
Mud  IB  the  nn. 

J/ib.4ir  (pL  of  i^\i,  fiBm.  of^l^), 
^nt^  Tietorion. 

V^l/  i«^^i»  (pL   of  i^l^).  (A 
gDT:  haviiig  mlliiig  breasta.  [etaxi. 

^r^^lmakih  (pi.  of  u^/  iai9ibi&), 

Jf  WW,  Nectar;  a  sweet  boTerage ; 
^  ttdv-flowii^  rirer  in  Pazadiee. 

^;^^  A  imall  hat  or  hoaae  or  leede. 
Kf  ^^  A  dty,  or  town.     A  tract  of 

if  ^wi,  A  Cord.     ^J&^^j^,  Earii' 

^  The  eountrj  of  Cords. 
';/^wiA,  A  large  Tillage  or  market 

i^n.  A  number  of  oontignooi  villagee. 

IpElK^ra,  Under  this  appeUation, 

*^  ii  often  i^lied  in  Syria  to  plains,  is 
"■'Praedallthe  covntrr  to  the  southward  of 
^  J^ale,  as  ^  as  the  Wadi  Mqjeb.  This 
u-Km  ii  the  Plain  of  Moab.  The  soil  ia 
^«!  Mdy  and  not  rery  fertile. 

;y  ^  A  jog,  a  decanter ;  an  earthen 
iflttfe,»pjgiet;  a  flagon,  jng,  enp. 

^/  f *M  The  dty  of  Cufa.    A  town 

«  d^eit  bank  of  the  Enphratea,  about 
^  ds^  march  from  Bagdad,  which  haa 
^^*^^y  diaappeared.     It  was  founded 


2^  njal  town,  Madain,  on  the  opposite 
■7  ■  the  mer  to  be  inoommodioua  or  in- 


.  TheilifltAbaaaideKhaleei;Sa&b, 
^  Ii  for  aone  time  the  capital  of  his 
^^  ttd  it  was  then  a  flourufaing  town ; 
^ilMAllfaimirbailt  Bagdad,  he  trans- 
P"«d  lUftcr  a  considerable  partof  its  popu- 
'^^'A  i  tnd  frnn  that  period  tt  gradually  fell 


into  deeay .  It  was  much  filmed  for  its  literary 
men,  to  whom  allusion  is  made  in  every  Arabic 
work,  especially  for  iti  grammarians  and  legal 
doctors.  The  two  sects  of  Arab  erammarians, 
whose  rival  opinions  are  quotea  continually, 
were  named  renpeotiTely  from  Eufith  and 
Basrah,  the  Kuflyan  and  Basriysn.  The 
more  ancient  charaeten  of  tiie  Arabs  are 
called,  from  the  name  of  this  town,  Kufic. 
The^  ara  more  suited  for  inscriptions  than  for 
writing,  being  sqnan  and  heayy,  and  a  good 
deal  resembling  the  Syriac :  the  most  ancient 
copies  of  the  Sur'an  are  written  in  them. 

s>^f  hmhahy  A  star ;  a  constellation. 
The  white  of  the  eye. 

^^  kalanf  or  JMunf,  The  cholic;  a 
pain  in  the  back  and  loins  from  cold. 

L*^  kHma^  A  heap  of  earth. 

^jf  kawHf  Being,  becoming,  happening. 
Eaaenoe,  existence.    The  unirerae,  tiie  world, 

every  created  being.  Aj^  likawnihi, 
Becauae  it  might  be. 

^JiJ^  iawnoffn  (dual  of  ^jf)f    Both 

worida ;  both  kinda  of  beings,  corporeal  and 
apiritnal,  men  and  angela. 

^5J^  huwaifjf,  Name  of  a  star. 

ij\^  tahdnat,  Taming  prophet,  priest, 

or  aoothaayer.  KihStuU,  Predicting.  The 
prieathood.    DiTination,  aoothsaying,  augury. 


And  he  has,  of  enchanters,  sages,  diriilis, 
derils,  and  giants,  those  against  whom  none 
can  prevail,  and  under  nis  authority  are 
people  whose  number  none  knoweth  but  God. 

\)j^  kahrubd,    for   bj  i^,   Attracting 

straws;    %.$,,   Amber,     ^b^  kahr 

ianiyahf  Electoieaty,  or  the  power  of  attrac- 
tion, the  electric  fluid.  The  more  one  con- 
siders what  the  ancients  understood  by  aher 
and  tpirit,  and  what  the  Indians  call  al  kaehe, 
the  stronger  does  one  find  the  analogy  between 
it  and  tiie  electric  fluid.  Aluminous  fluid,  prin- 
ciple of  warmth  and  motion,  pervading  the 
universe,  forming  the  matter  of  the  stars, 
having  small  rouud  particles,  which  insinuate 
themselves  into  bodies,  and  fill  them  by  dilat- 
ing itself;  be  their  extent  what  it  will,  what 
can  mora  strongly  resemble  electricity  P  The 
ether  which  is  derived  from  the  Arabic  word 

j^\  iUhir,  called  also  ^UiiJ  ^^j  rawh 

lokman.  The  spirit  of  Lokman,  according  to 
the  aneients,  is  one  of  the  five  elements  of 
the  universe,  which  are:  Ear^h,  water,  ais, 
fire,  tad  ether  or  spiritos. 


(318) 


imJ^  lahf,  A  care.  A  large  cavem, 
a  grotto.  An  aiyliiiii«  MpeouUy  «  cave  dog 
by  men,  or  Ibnned  by  nature,  in  a  moontain. 

fji^^J\  ^"J^y  The  asylum  of  sappli- 

cants.     L.tt|CH  c-^Las^t,  Th«  oom- 

panions  of  the  cave,  i.«.,  The  aeren  atoepers. 
This  is  ftnmded  on  a  legend  of  seven  young 
Ohristians  of  Ephesos,  who  fled,  fher  say, 
from  the  peraeeution  of  the  Emperor  Decins, 
and  slept  in  a  eare,  aoeompanied  by  their 
doj^  for  809  years.  Mahomet  has  adopted 
this  story  in  tae  18ih  chi^ter  of  the  Alcoran. 

Jl^  haldf  Of  fiill  age,  i.9.  from  about 
thirty  to  fifty.  A  man  beginning  to  groirgrey. 

h4  kahanat  (pi.  of  ^^^)f  Priests. 
uJ^  huhitf^  OaTems^  grottosi    Caves. 
^  kay  (a&d  ^},  That*  in  older  to. 

iJjS  hiydMotf  Ingenuity,  quickness  of 
parts,  TiTadty.    Gnnmng. 

Ju^  kofydl,  A  measurer  of  grain. 

Ju^  iayd,  Deceit,  fraud,  stratagem,  lay- 
ing snares,  entrapping. 

^ji*^  jAa  (pi.  (^L^l),  A  sack,  bag,  parse. 

^jt^  hayyit  (fem.  Xmm^),  Ingenious, 

sagacious,  prndeni.  Cunning,  shrewd,  sly, 
crafty. 

SmJi^  iajffa,  The  quomodo  of  any  thing, 
the  how,  in  what  way,  what  sort  or  kind. 

The  state  of  one's  health.  How  ?  w-figili. 
How  then ! 

immi^  Kayf^  Hilarity,  good  humour,  a 
little   eleyated  by    drinking.      Amuaement, 

pleasure,     r^j**^  \  ^i^j  ^— ^  kioSlf  wa 

haz  wa  ituhirah,  Amosements,  enjoyments, 
comforts  and  attractions,  everything  which 
makes  people  happy.  [manner. 

Ui«^  iayfitmd,   Anyhowt    •  In    what 

tatatoajjah  ttuadif  khayran.  Whithersoever 

thon  shalt  go,  thon  wilt  get  good. 
*****  ^  « ■.    ^ 

^L^  kay/lytUy  Quality,  mode.     ^JlS 

^^\j,  A  fixed  permanent  quality. 

^.^U  aJa^,  a  movable  or  acci- 
dental  quality.      In   oonunon  conTersation 

^Jl^  kayfiat  means  Hilarity,  pleasure, 


amusement.  t^aJJl 


.oLJjnJJb 


<UiJ31j,  This  man  likes  pleasure  and 
*  public  amusements,     jys^  \^\  w«j 


W  v.;..«a:is,  Though  dbe  be  oU 

nevertiieless  she  is  fond  of  amosemeati  m 
pleasnre.  She  l&es  to  ba  of  good  hnmssz,  t 
drink  a  little. 

J^  kayl,  ICeasurmg  (grain).  On 
patfaig  or  mesMring  (one  thing  bj  anolbir^ 
A  aeasore  of  grain,  also  of  ounr  dry  goal 
and  liquids. 

L^  kayl&f  Lest,  that  not. 

ii^iby^(pL  U^L^),  Meawueb  dimei 

sion.  JTiZo/,  Anything  measoied;  the  mckj 
of  meaaaring. 

AS  fSiUh,  A  measure  of  com. 
U^  kaymd,  In  order  to. 
y^^  HhLi  (Greek),  The  chyle. 
(jMy4>J  kimUs  (Greek),  The  chyle. 

C^  ktmtyA,  Chemistry,  alchemy;  th 
philosopher's  stone.  This  wotd  is  stqipne 
to  be  aeriyed  from  the  Greek  Mio«,  whid 
signifies  juice,  humour,  etc,  ana  therefon  { 
is  confined  properly  to  the  ezliactioii  cf  ti^ 
esBBnoei  of  pknts.  It  is,  bowvvsr,  extauk^ 
also  to  prepustions  from  minerals,  m0tali,et< 

tj^  kayniinaif  Being,  existing,  h^ 
pening. 

^I^j^trdn  or  ibyiirdii,The  planet  Satnrtj 


J  Mm,  The  twenty-third  letter  of  tii( 
Arable  alphabet  In  arithmetic  it  dsDotc 
30 ;  and  in  the  ophemerideB  it  eiyossog  nigbi 
the  planet  Saturn,  and  the  opiMsite  sspeet  i 
astrology,  and  in  the  date  of  lett«a,  stao: 

for  the  month  of  Jf^  thawdh 

J  la  (an  inseparable  particle  prefixed  t 
yerba,  and  generally  used  in  the  middle  of 
aentanoe^.  That,  to,  ibr,  by,  becatMise,  o&  » 
oount  of,  therefore,  in  order  to.  (It  also  mtn 
the  dative  when  followed  by  the  affixed  pn 

nouns;  as)  ui3.  To  thee;  i,  T 
him,  etc  JU  prefixed  to  nouna  denots  tl 
genitive  aa  well  as  the  datiye;  £ 

(J!^  lirtMi,  Of  or  to  the  Lord ;  as 

also  because  of  the  Lord«  i.^^J^ 
li  f  taadibf  For  instruction  or   eiucatici 

JI  KOahi,  Bj  God;  for  God.     i 

4!^  J^,  For  the  love  of  God  and  hi 

prophet  (This  particle  is  often  prefixed  liki 
wise  by  way  of  pleonasm  or  expletife,  wiii 
out  hafittg  any  precise  meaning). 


UJ 


(818) 


^ 


) 


I  ii,  5«,  not,  not  «t  all  (or  1^),  It  ia 
not  iDl  )l  idIX  There  is  no  Gfod  bat 
Goi    ^),  Nothiag.    S,   Neithw, 

L.FiOoot 
Jvil )  II  Ml,  I  do  not  MM,  I  fern  not 

L-«  ^1,  The  ymanX  ef  men  is  lie 
vkoiHHiktd  men  atei^g  hii  wiekadneta. 

t-'lli^kii^  It  18  not  tad;  tiiet«  is 

^>Ml^Neoe«flril7,  in&lliblj,  en- 
ti«l7.  Most  IfcJt  j^^^  J  j^l  ^^ 

j^T^  c^l  l*bt ,  Bat  I  most  go  with- 

«f  M  to  k«  t  noond  time.  On  hearing 
H^Kfdbnderiacreaaed,  and  I  became  ttoro 
iMiimilL  AAar  aoDM  dajv,  hmreveri  the 
wvsBaitusei^aitt. 

LT^^^i  CloChed,  who  pats  on  clothes. 
^}ld^  Who  aboonds  in,  or  drinks 

cJ  ^,  or  CL^Ut  oOU,  Nams  of  an 

m  vonbipped  by  the  p«gan  Arabiana,  as 
ae  eidirt  angfator  of  Ommpotenee.  Tiiei^ 
2*  iikevfae  an  idol  called  £at,  wonhipped  at 
ncttj^  IB  ID&;  it  was  one  large  stone, 
ttj&dMDsia  height,  placed  in  the  midit  of 
*  tapb,  nd  n^portea  bj  fiflf-aix  oolnmns 
■ttBTegold. 

^>lte/ara«,  TTndoabtedly,  necessarily. 

/^1^*9»,  Because.  4U>j  ^JU  J:>-J 

i>\^t  CdSj,  On  acooont  of  his  wealth 

^  betaty,  or  learning  and  perfection. 

j^lf  On  my  aoooant    (Jjij  J^S, 

Ifr^  ^^mrd.  Lapis  lazoli.    A  blae 

*^*   ^"^jfir^f  A2are,  certdean. 
^J  feiO,  Teaching,  adhered,   con- 

^^^wiag.  [properly. 

f-^  teUi,  Pconoonoing  yowels  im- 
:>J  toWsrd/,  Eent-free.     Lands  let 

r'^l  ,^  ^^^J,  It  never  en- 


tered  into  tbe  heart  of  aum,  it  ia  ineoapre- 
henaible. 

aJl£  4^^ jS  At  4(0^91  ^fhfih,  A  release 

or  ao^^tiaaoe  in  law. 

«I  SlMkijftdi,  Latakiay  or  Latakiehi  a 

aeaport  of  Syria,  in  the  paahaKe  of  Tripoli, 
aerenty  miles  from  Tripoli.  It  oonsisiB  of  an 
old  and  new  town,  bnt  has  greatly  fkllen  into 
decay.  In  1828  an  eaiihqaake  rednoed  a 
great  part  of  the  new  town  to  mine.  It  has 
a  traoe  in  tobaooo,  for  which  it  ia  £uaons; 
cotton,  wax,  sponge,  and  scammony.  Jh>p, 
7000.    ItiatheaaoeatLaodlbea. 

^Ji  ktrayb,  There  is  no  donbti  nn- 

qneationably)  infidlTbly,  certainly. 

Jljl  Id  %ala,  May  it  never  ikil;  may  it 

i«t  for  ever. 

L^ji  Idub,  Firm,  solid,    hj^  l^^^J^ 

<^j*i,  The  thing  was  done  neces« 
sarily.  [hesiTC. 

^ji  Idtik,  Adhering,  coalescing.  Ad«- 
Aji  Idnim  (fern.  l^Ji),  Keoessary,  argent, 
proper,  suitable^  important.  \Jt\  /^Ji, 
Keoetaary  to  be  done.  \ij|\  Aji,  Neoes- 
aary  to  b^  (teaerredi  oaieftilly  to  be  watohed 
or  kept.  fi*^\  fjif  P^per  to  be 
prefixed  or  placed  OTor.  (^1^^^  fj^ 
or  ii\£-)\  fiji,  Honourable.    Worthy 

of  reverenoe.  jLaiJt  ^S,  Neoessary 
to  be  obeyed*  In  common  eoaY^Mtition. 
dkji  Idum  represents  the  English '  mast.' 

M^]  i^^^\  Aji,  I  most  write  t6*day. 
r3J^  (0^  U^^'  ^  ought  not  to  ^. 
d^  c5^^  (^j^9  ^  ^^  relate  to  yoa. 
*mgjj^\  |*jS  U,  I  most  not  drink.    ^Ji 

^j»^  VdJb  j^l;,  Ton  mast  take  this 
from  me. 

i^ji  IdMimat  or  A^Ji  Uhitmah,  Kecessity, 

exigence,  obligation,  debt  • 

^  4*^)  Id  shablh  lahu,  Incomparable. 
uJj^'i  Id  ihak,  Undoabtedly. 
iJ^'i  tdihiih^A  carcase,  a  dead  body. 
^i  Idshojf,  Nothing,  a  trifle. 


^' 


n 


(814) 


c?J 


fjJi  Idtik,  Adhering,  joined. 

jiffi  laHm,  Striking,  boxing. 

i^^ri  Id^,  A  player,  a  gamester. 

aJ  ^K)  Idkaldm  fihi,  Let  it  pass,  I 

agree,  there  is  no  more  to  be  laidL  Without 
a  word;  indisputably. 

a  Id  Idy  No,  no,  not  at  all. 

^i  loan  (pi.  of  j!jl),  Pearls. 

uJll  fH   ULm  dliff    This    compounded 

character  S  l&  some  Arabian  gram- 
marians consider  as  the  29th  letter  of  the 
alphabet;  and  support  it  by  sajfing  that 
Mahomet  denounced  eternal  damnation  to  all 
who  refused  to  adopt  it  as  such. 

^)  Idmihf  Looking  slyly,  bat  atten- 
tiTely.    Shining,  glancing. 

^Isr^i  l&mah&lah.  Inevitably.  Abso- 
lutely, without  fail. 

^1  Lamakh,  The  father  of  Noah. 

^jts^  ldm%8,   Tonohing,  feeling.     i^\ 

^Mh^UI  al  kuwat  W  Idmuah,  or  JU^^J 
limitiyahj  The  ftculty  of  touch,  tact 

^)  Idmi^  (fem.  ^Ut^S),  Splendid,  shin- 
ing, bright,  flashing.  ^Uc/tSI  l&mi^ahy 
Splendour,  brightness. 

^  ^Ji^'i  Idtnakdna  lahu,  Inexistenty 
haying  no  abode. 

^i  Idmi,  Belonging  to  the  letter  J. 

^i  lumna,  Because,  since,  in  order  to. 

al^^JduH  IdnoMira  lahu,  Incomparable,  nn- 
equalled. 

^\  ^JU»-^\  S  Id  awhoiha  dUah,  Gk>d  for- 
bid. MayOod  remoye  all  K>rrow  from  him. 
Braro!    Well  done! 

c/^St  ZflttTf,  A  Levite ;  Levitical. 

i^^i  Idhif,  Injured,  afflicted,  sad,  sigh- 
ing.   A  tidl,  handsome,  oorpulent,  great  man. 

^■y^lSlI  uJjb),  A  heart  torn  with  grief. 

cijyb)  ULhut,  Dirinity.     Jybl,  Divine. 

^  ^i,  Why  ?  wherefore  ? 

JjusiS   Id  ytUabadddi,   Incommutable, 

unchangeable.  jufcSi  Id  ytUaghayyar, 
Unalterable.  [tolerable. 

0^^ae\ii  Id  yutahammdlf  and  jUa^Sy  In- 
jjsfj^  Id  %ajiig,  Brohibited,  illicit 


^S  Idyth  (fiem.  ia^'i).  Evident,  dear, 

appearing.   Bright,  splendid. 

ia^i  la^iha,  A  written  project,  report, 
scheme.    Prospectus. 

^^^as^Ji  Id  yukia\  Innumerable. 
ul^Jji  Id  ffudrik,  Incomprehensible. 
Jari  Id  fuhM,  Illegitimate. 
^Vsii  Idym&hf  Indissoluble. 
J  b)  Idyastdl,  Eternal,  durable,  perennial. 
jjoi  Zfi  ffu^($d,  Innumerable. 

(JmI  Id  ya^ilf  A  man  who  cannot 

make  use  of  Us  intellectual  fiusulties,  like  an 
insane,  mad,  or  drunken  man,  etc.       [quered. 

v,y^iffj!l  Id  yugUab,  Invincible,  unoon- 
Jtftji  Id  ffufham,  Unintelligible. 

Jji  Idyik  or  layk  (fem.  ^S),  Worthy, 

proper,  adapted,  couTenient,  suitable,  due,  fit 
for,  aUe,  qualified. 

dJ^^H  Id  yumut,  Immortal. 

^Jff^  ^  yanbaghlf  It  is  not  proper.  It 
is  not  convenient,  it  is  liot  suitable. 

yanbaghi  Idka  an  tatdkallam,  It  was  not  fit 
for  you  to  speak,  you  ought  not  to  speak. 

C^skJi  Id  ytmfah,  Indivisible. 

j^Siji  Id  yunkisoTf  Infrangible. 

\„Juaj!i  Id  yaiwwfj  Unspeakable,  inex- 
pressible in  words. 

\ZJ^  hbb,  The  heart,  the  soul.    Marrow, 
a  kernel;  the  pith  of  a  tree.   The  best  part  of 

anything.  jyjK\  Ji^,  The  kernel  of  a 

nut     Zubh  (pi.  c^Ut),  The  under- 
standing, genius,  judgment. 

A^U  lahdhatf  Intelligence,  ingeniousness. 

jU  kthhdd,  Felt  dotb.      jU   lahbdd, 

Felter.     sjU   luhhddah,   A  wrapper 
made  of  fiBlt,  and  worn  in  the  time  of  ndn. 

^^U  Ubds,  A  garment,  vest,  robe. 

^ac^  labkhat,  A  cataplasm. 

^^mJ  Idbi,  Putting  on  a  garment. 

LJ  labat,  Striking  the  ground  with  the 
ibre-foet. 

j;J{0^y  A  garment  (fitting  well),  sja 


Ul 


(315) 


^ 


kk  Ida,   THoi  wititooet   fits    ytm   wdl. 

d3  jJb  1  trX;^^  ^^  ^^^  tarlush 

fijfdki^  Tlof  (nd)  cap  does  not  fit  yon. 

jJ  labm,  Qrigmally  meant  milk,  bat 
Km  it  BMBt  tikit  kind  of  milk  which  IS  four- 
ik-.ffidii]id  wfaej ;  the ficih iniOk  11  oOled 


jU  Zvindfl,  Maant  LibaniiSy  called 

fnntknilkj  whitenoB  of  hs  perpetoal  snow 
'the  i&  moQstein,'  a  monntam-ohain  of 
8viia,atflBdfflg  from  the  Ticinitj  of  Antioch 
8.  to  Mr  SidoiL  Its  fnlimTM^tiT^g  peak  is 
JeU-XikkiM],  12,000  feet  abo^e&e  leyel  of 
^  M.  Here  dwdl  the  Bnases,  the  most 
nojirtadiuutedseetarians  in  Asia.  They 
«n?7  &e  irltotft  of  the  sonthem  range  of 
tb  Leittog  chiia,  the  irastern  sbpe  of  Anti- 
^^tm  and  Jebel-es-SheiUi,  where  they  hold 
gg^Te  pwwrinn  of  npwaards  of  forty  towns 
^  TiOa^  md,  with  the  Maronites,  share 
SMoflR.  Eighty  TiUaffea  in  otherparts  of 
^BaoB  ire  also  peoplea  hy  them.  They  owe 
^  onp  to  a  Pefiian,  Mohammed  Ben- 
lBiO-€d.Denzy,  who  settled  in  ^gjft  in 
If^Utbotwho,  on  aeooont  of  his  ftnattcism, 
vii  drifn  from  the  ooontry,  and  forced  to 
^  Rfttge  in  the  Talley  of  Wady-el-Teim. 
y  he  jropagstad  his  doffmas,  which  were 
TOsids  modified  hy  Hamza,  whom  the 
JwTenente  as  their  real  fonnder. 

i^UmU  (pL  CL^UJ),  A  briok. 
0  (^  oy ),  A  lioneas. 

yJ  WfJ,  Pradent,  intelligent^  wiae, 
^oim,  weak;  indostrioas,  attentiTe,  as- 
^^'"^  [commands. 

^  Mtffl^  Here  I  am:  I  wait  your 

^2eM,XIpto  the  present  this  word 

^^Ivayi  been  translated  by  '*Here  I  am, 
Wtstthj  eommands,"  bnt  originally  it  was 
votte  of  aDeity,and  the  Dei^  worshipped 
«  Bagl-lebbek  (Balbek).  In  Arabic,  when 
■T  oae  19  edlsd,  he  answers  Lebbek  I  or 
^!  vbieh  aoswers  to  the  English  Sir. 
Mtknimo  donbt  that  IMek  is  the  Toca- 
^of God,  and  that  God  whom  the  PhcBni- 
^idoredinthe  Great  Temple  of  Balbek. 
ut  foOoving  sentence,  attnbnted  to  the 
^™  AH  Ibn  Aba  Taleb,  proves  that 
^  **i  and  is  infoked  vider  this  name : 

li  a^  ^£^\  cLd  «iXJ 


'^<vXl\,  0 Lebbek!  0  Lebbek! 

Raiting  Lnd;  be  merdfh],  therefore, nnto 
3  M  hmhle  aenrant^  whose  refuge  thou 
"•  [strike. 

K  Striking,  beating;  to  beat»  to 


art 


J*' 


aI!  lasm,  Kissing.    Veiling  the  &ce. 

Is)  lafa,  A  district  of  the  province  of 
*  Damascus,  inhabited  by  several  tribes  of  Arabs. 

<U»*U9  hjdjakf  Urging  with  perristenoe ; 

xmportnmty,  contention,  impatience.     Stab* 
bomneas,  repngnance,  ndnctance. 

aLs)  Ufdmy  A  bridle,  reins. 

£s^  h^'aty  The  great  deep,  the  middle  of 
the  sea,  an  abyaa. 

^^  lafnj  (fem.  i^y^),  One  who  urges 

with  importunity  and  persistence. 
^^   htfitj,    To   enter,   to   penetrate. 

ij)i\,  I  will  not  do  this  till  a  oamel 
goea  through  the  eye  of  a  needle. 

]ff\J  lahd%.  The  exterior  angle  of  the 

2e.     Xt'Ads,  Obsenring  attentirely,  looking 
rough  half-shnt  eyes. 

uJ\J  IMfy  A  blanket,  a  ooverlet,  a 


f^  ton,  A  TeQ,  or  any  fillet  bound 
^the  mouth  to  disgmae  the  £EU)e,  or  keep 


counterpane.    JJJ^  S  A«^  cs^jW'j 

lJUSj  JAjS  ^  dJl ^laa^^U,  And 

I  converaed  with  him  till  bedtime,  when  he 
prepared  for  me  a  place  in  this  shop,  and 
brought  me  a  bed  and  coyerlet. 

JJi  lahh&m,  A  butcher,  a  seller  of  meat. 

^lieJ  lahhdn  (fem.  ij\^)t  One  who  pro- 
nounces with  great  impropriety. 

tXs  lahaif  A  place  dug  in  the  side  of  a 
sepulchre ;  a  niche,  a  catacomb. 

^jmA  laht  (or  ims^),  Licking. 

]ciJ   lahs,   Looking   through  half-shut 

eyes,  iia^  lahutt  or  lahsuth.  One 
look,  a  glance.    In  the  twinkling  of  an  eye. 

iia^^^ ,  But  for  a  moment. 

(.Js)  lahff  Govering  with  any  doak  or 
coverlet. 

^J^  hhakf  Anything  following  and  join- 
ing another.    Zahkf  Joining,  adhering. 

j^  lahrn^  Flesh,  meat. 

JUsj  lakmat  (pL  f^^),  A  piece  of  meat 

Zuhmat,  The  woof  of  a  web.  Lahmat,  The 
fleshy  skin  of  the  head.  XtfAma^,  Propinquity, 
relationship. 

^jA  lahan.  Deviating,  pronouncing  erro- 
neously.   Saying  anytliing  to  one  which  he 


J^ 


(816) 


f" 


nndentandi,  but  is  miinteHigiUe  to  ewej 

other  peraon,     (PI.  ^^  and  j^UJ), 

A  sound,  a  tone.  Melody,  modulation.  An 
error  in  pronouncing  Uie  vowels.  A  caco- 
phony, monotony,  a  faaibarisiii  <ft  Apeeoli  or 

accent.  Thesigtiifioatioziof  awotd.  k^, 
One  sound,  one  barbaxisiii. 

J^  luhnk,  FollbWittg,  rtAching,  aiti- 
TaL    Conjunction,  touchy  adbalbn. 

^^  luhiim  (pi.  of  ^  abd  It^),  tteat. 
kjy^  lahatoi,  Belonging  to  the  beard, 
^L^  kki/ami,  fiaring  A  large  or  lon^ 

beard. 

La^  Jihyat  (pi.  ^^),  A  beard. 

«>1  hid,  The  ancient  Lydda,  in  the  Plain 
of  Bamla,  in  Palestine.  This  dty,  after  its 
destiiiction  in  the  beginning  of  the  Jewisfa 
War,  on  being  nbailt,  aisamed  the  name  of 
Diospolis,  and  became  a  placa  of  some  im- 
portance. It  is  now  a  heap  of  ruins ;  the 
most  remarkabto  of  Which  ate  the  temai^iLs  of 
a  vety  handsome  ohtreh,  built  by  Bichaid 
Coeur  de  Lion,  hi  honoilr  of  Saint  G«orge, 
patron  of  Engiand,  whose  birthplace  it  was, 
and  who  is  repotted  to  h&ye  suffered  mart^- 
dom  here.  Se  is  held  in  great  feneration 
throughout  the  East.  In  eyeij  ditirch  one 
can  notice  a  picture  repk<6sentin|j^  the  aehieVe- 
ment  of  this  saint  with  the  dn^fon,  with  the 
inscription  of  Mar  jimyid$  in  Arabic^  or  of 
A710S  Ttwpyios  in  Greek. 

ioJ   lad^h,   Stinging  (as  a  Bcorpion), 

biting  (as  a  serpent}.    A  Cutting  expresnon. 
^jJ  bdun,  The  presence  (of  Ood). 
4^jJ  lada\  To,  with,  nigh,  Aear^  after, 

at  (before  the  definite  article  Jf). 
Immediately  near  to  (ia  space),  immediately 

after  (in  time).      Jl^f  i^jJ  lada*i 
8u*aly  On  the  question  beibg  put,  when  asked. 

c:i>l  jj  lauat  (pi.  of  ijJ),  Pleasures,  de- 

cs^tjj,   Pleasures   of 


lights. 

the  senses.     Cd1«3JJI  i^jU  hadHnt^'l- 
loExat,  Death,  the  destroyer  of  all  pleaeniei. 
«3j1jJ  hudiftz  (pi.  of  ijjii),  Pleasures. 

^Umms^  Jjtjj     kuUiffut   jiimAniyak, 
Creatore-eomfortik 

f  jj  lauat,  Pleasure,   delight,  content, 
sweetness ;  taste,  flaTour,  sayonr. 

cl^«jJ  kaalika,  Because,  on  account  of. 


Jj  ji!  IomU,  Sweet,  full  of  juice,  delightful. 

Jij]  hnUlk,  Glue.     i^jJl  jV^,  the 
^ue  of  gold,  t .«.  boraxb    Gum  ammoiiac. 

A>jjl  ImniH,  Necessity,  compukion^  oh* 
ligation.     Necessarily  foUb^ing,   bdroVing. 

hikttua  IthSKm^  We  have  #>  &eed  ot  this 
■errant 

(jiji  laaXkf  An  inse];)arat)le  companion. 
^U  lisdn,  The  t6Ag^e.  Language,  cBa- 

lect,  idiom,  diction,  speech,  jargon.   Hie  style 

of  a  book.  jjSl  ^U,  Btlglos,  borage. 

J^\  ^U,  Plantane,    jxA\  ^U, 

A  high  etoomitun.  j^ii^]  ^^U,  The 

seed  of  the  a8h-trei».     m^^!Q\  ^U, 

The  kerb  dog^s-tottgne.    jQf  ^U, 
The  tongue  of  fire,  •.«.  flame  without  smo^e. 

JU)\^U   l^mU  hdi,   The  mute 

language  of  oihsumstances.  ^^UjJ, 

Two-totigned>  i.(f*  deceitfiil.       UU 
luanan^  Verbally.  [prOaShing. 

^*J  Uu^  Stinging  as  a  scorpion.     Be- 
^^mJ  latan,  Eloquence.  Zasin,  Eloquent. 

JiaS  Iftit  (pi.  ^yA)t  A  robber. 

Z^  Kssat  (lem.  of  ^),  A  female  robber. 
jj«J  kuuk.  Conjunction,  adhesion, 
j;^  kMt,  o#  AijKil,  Neighbouring. 

Aiiy  laidfai^  Grace,  elegance,  beauty. 

Being  small,  slender,  yet  handsome. 

(bJjlU  latayif{jpL  of  iLlJi),  Agreeable 
ti^iugb;  agreeable,  t^easiAg  sayings. 

ujy  hUf,  Gentleness,  liumanitj^  gra- 
dousnesB,  loreliness,  goodnesS)  fitTour,  courtesy, 
blandishment,  kindneu,  benignity,  bounty, 
generesity,  pleasure,  beBeroleace,  elegaaee. 

JaS  la^,  Striking  with  a  palm  twig ; 
cutting  the  cheeks  with  blows. 

^Uy  hiftuU,  A  blow,  a  bos.  c:..%slxj)^ 
J^3^^J}j^^  U^  ^.  s^  v)-»^  ^ 


u 


(317) 


U 


'a  U*  '•1  ^^       "-^  i»^»  II  4V5  t «»  ^iiC 

M^lfJloy  Hid  I  foraknowH  the 

pain  that  I  hATO  nffcnd  fron  tliy  blow,  I  had 
kfiowB  that  tbe  elc^^uiit  0(yiil4  «Pt  wiUvtad 
tor  adore  it;  baft  I  wiU  not  oompUin  of  tha 
■a  of  that  blov,  «ii  a^oan^t  df  ^6?  hi^^meas 
titts  bi  Rsohed  onto  me  from  it;  for  if  it 
bdi Kfcre cffeet  19011  im,  itoiiMpilt  wm  the 
ttMtaktvj. 

wIj:!  2ifi/(fem.  ii^).  Elegant,  graoe- 

hilleu^  agreeable,  lovely,  genteel,  gal- 
kt,  iJonai  aoft^  ge^tley  benign*  bonerol(^t» 
BW;  tUa,  deader  wiUi  elegance. 

uU  Ai^d^,  A  jelly ;  juice  and  sugar 
ndvMd  to  a  j^y .     Skvev.     <^US 

1^^  fa^d)iii«A-«i0aM  (San's.dLavar), 
Rbe  «M»  floating  ia  (he  ak. 
^^1*  H^oM,  A  fbrmal    bea^ng  witness 


9p^  in  CUM  of  adultery,  coimled  with 
v-oeeatmi  if  tbe  teetiiiiony  be  fSuae. 


!  b^i,  Day,  game.    CXJi^^Uii 
^;a!,Aadon(meof  tho^d^ys  wh^ 

keDOwkedaepeon^to  play  with  the  ball, 
^iiofhter  ofthe  w^eer  eat  at  tiie  lattiee- 
vadbT  to  amaaa  heiaelf  by  looking  at  thm. 


^  \H  Ooa  game.     A  pnppet* 
^  ^^  Lodicroiu^  h^ong^ig^to  play. 
^^  /t^i#srd[«iX4  On  aixsptmt  of  his 

fittbcdwoce,  ain,  or  rebellion. 
J^  ^dla,  Perhaps*  ^Jxl  b^o^  and 
^  b^sfl^i,  f  efhaps  I,  iljXal 
M^'  Perhaps  yon.  c^y\  Jji! 
^jj^y^f  Perhaps  I  shall  repent, 
^  isj  Lord  may  forgive  me.    JV&i 

^  ^i-Jj  !>*^  u;^  «-i-«C^j  *^  tt)^^ 

'.-^  J^  jJL;  uiliJi  5^<  ^,  And 

^■Bid,  Dnrw  n^ir  to  hiu),  an^.  inyeetigate 
r^'  po'W*  he  irin  diaoo^er  it,  and  per- 
/|^  tkcQ  wilt  team  his  hiftory. 

lA  hi,  The  garnet  (a  stone).  Carmine 
'colour).  i^\i^  Jnt  laJ  mmdh 
lfci^g«et),Wu». 

L^  '^t^t*  P«Bl)ammoaSy  timid. 


^jsi  la^n,  Gardng.     To  cnrse.     Driving 
away  (from  aaylUng  good). 

i:ji  la^mU  or  ^luii^  An  imprecation, 
eune,  anaftbeipa.   i^  allt  hui  la^nat- 

irfM  iflh^hh  <tt  iji^\  flpt  Hay  the 

oiwaa  of  God  be  uma  him  (an  imprecation 
generally  a4de4  to  tne  djOTil,  or  any  worthleaa 
man).    Zu^nat,  Execrable. 

^j^  la^n.  Detested,  ezeorabls^  abomin- 

ajble^  anathevntMpe^  eanommimmM. 

^^\  Satan. 

CI9U)  Iw^hdt  (pi.  of  U),  Languages, 
idicws. 

akI  20^^^  (pi.  C^US),  The  tongue,  idiom, 

speech,  language,  dialect  A  dictionary,,  lexi- 
con, Tooahulaiy.    ii^\  Jla,   Lexico- 

laphy.  \yU  fc^jjt  <^>J1  (Jl^  UU' 
i^Ja^\  uJJl;^  jU^S\   ^^,    The 

knowledges  on  which  the  Arabians  naed  to 
pride  themselves,  aie  the  plulolo^  <^  their 
own  lang[Qage  and  the  inTestigAtion  of  the 
laws  of  its  oonstniotion.  togetner  witib  ^e 
composition  of  poetry  and  of  orations. 

Jal  lugha%f  laghag,  htgkt^  Au  enigma; 
anyt^g  occnlt,  ambignons,  or  mysterions, 
dimcolt  to  be  nndentood;  any  speech  liable 
to  nusi]it<Hrpiietatioii»  or  to  give  offenoSk 

Ji  loffhm,  A  military  mine. 

yi  ta^h/Wt   An    i|ipaneiderate>  speech ; 

speakine  thonghtlesaly  and  improperly,  talk- 
ing triflingly.  Abolishing,  su^presaing.  To 
abolish,  sopprsas. 

i^fi  htghmoih  SekmgiBg  1p  language. 

Literal,  etymological  (sense  of  a  word), 

•jd\i^  laghwiyat,  Inconsideitate  words, 
rash,  tricing,  without  fomdation. 

«liJ  laff,  Involvings  twisting)  folding, 
complicating,  joining. 

kzM  kfdi  (pL  of  isi)^  Turbans. 

J^^li!  liftfat  or  <GUi  Ufa/ah  (pi.  uJ^Ul), 

Any  kind  of  bandages  wrapt  round  the"  feet. 
A  wrapper,  an  outpde  cover  of  a  letter. 

(^UI  lafaffif(;pL  of  AiUI),  Any  wrapper. 

i£r^  Uft,  Tnmip. 

^sJi  Ufiiifatf  A  dish  of  turnips  and  meat. 

loil  U^,  (or  Xlafil),  Pronunciation.     A 
word,  a  vocable,    l^jeeting,  throwing  oi|^  (of 


CJi 


(818) 


U 


the  montii).  Pronovneing,  artumlating.  Wotds. 
^jL^^a&,  The  pronunciation  and  sig- 

nifloation.  Uail  lafian,  Verbally.  Ver- 
batim.    ^daiL  iiaii,  ITord  by  word. 

liaH  ii\^\  id&fat  lafUyeh,  A  verbal 
relation  or  ooiutnietioii  of  noun  with  nonn  in 

a  sentence,     i^''^}  ^  ^^^»  A  word 

reiembling  another  in  sonnd    and    sense. 

J^aJ,  EnnnciatiYe,  pronounced.    ^^ 

^lacj^^l^jj.  Who  was  dosing  ca- 
dences with  gorgeous  phrases,  and  strikinff  all 
ears  with  the  wamings  and  rebnkings  of  his 
sermon. 

^Jil  hfkf  Sewing  two  things  together. 

ikjlJi  laflfi  A  crowd,  a  mixed  mnltitode 
or  cong|Tegation.  Mixed  grain.  A  friend,  a 
oompamon.      The  donble  imperfect  Arabic 

verb.  \aJ^  laftfanf  Assembled  from 
ererj  trihe. 

\SS  laidf  Meeting,  being  opposite,  occur- 

ring,  opposing,  enoonntering  (in  battle) ;  idl- 
ing or  hitting  npon.    Seeing. 

LU]  lakdi.  Stalks  of  com  left  uncut  by 
the  reapen. 

i^  lakab  (pi.  lJ^\),  a  title  of 
honovr,  a  somame,  an  addition ;  a  nickname. 

Jjil  laiadm  Already. 

Li!  laU,  Gathering  anything  firom  the 
gronnd.  [ground. 

^LLil  Idkaiat,  One  thing  picked  from  the 

mA  lakam,  Quickly  eating  or  swallowing 

(anything).  i^H  (pi:  Ji),  A  mouth- 
fii],amoneL 

^Ufll  Luhndn,  The  name  of  a  famous 

fidwdist  (supposed  by  some  to  be  JEsop).  The 
country  and  a^  of  tiiis  fiunons  person  are  un- 
known. He  18  generally  descrioed  as  an  Ujg:ly 
black  daTe,  andis  said  to  bare  liyedin  the  time 
of  David ;  though  some  assert  that  he  was  the 
son  of  a  sister,  or  of  a  maternal  aunt,  of  Job. 
The  wisdom  of  Lukman  is  proTerbial  among 
the  Arabs,  as  well  as  Jooeph's  beautr,  Dand*s 
sweet  Toioe,  and  JaooVs  grief  for  tne  loss  of 
Joseph,  etc 

kjS  lakit.  Collected,  assembled  (pi.  Ua^), 
A  foundling  boy. 

hky  To  thee,    vl^  Jli  ^^  mtm 
ist  UK  Who  told  tiiee  P 


J3  lahm,  To  you.     t  jJh  J3  J^^ 

Who  sent  this  book  to  youP 

^  lakm,  But,  nevertheless,  still.  ^ 

Jijj\  ^JQ  J[2^  ^indi  warai  laUn  asri 

I  have  paper,  but  it  is  blue.     k^L^ 

I  wrote  a  letter.  But  I  hsTc  no  gum  lac  thai 
may  seal  it.  Jil  l^\  \j  <jUj1  ^  Jl 


♦  ^r.fll  J^y  ^^\  ^^j,  And  his  « 

replied,  0  my  &ther,  thou  art  certainly  ri^ 
in  what  thou  hast  said;  but  thou  hast  lei 
up  instead  of  unrayelling  the  matter :  expli 
then  whereby  I  may  gB£ber  a  vintage  | 
gain},  and  whence  the  raired  supply  may  , 
obtained. 

ii^  hbktif  Impediment.  ^LmU^  i^ 
Inkna-tul-iiuSmf  Impediment  of  speech. 

^  la^an^  Az^y  basin  or  Tessel  in  wbu 
the  hands,  feet,  or  body  are  washed. 

^  lOay  (or  J  ^),  That,  so  that, 

order  to.     z\ji\  ^  Cls^  ^^^J^\ 
bought  a  book  in  order  to  read  it. 
UJ3  laiaymd,  See  ^Sl  Jakay. 

J)  UZ«*^  For  Ood.  jj»ll  iO),  Fort] 
great,  for  the  loye  of  God.  Juks)^  i 
^^fj.  To  Ood  be  praise  and  glory. 

ij:^^  UlwM,  Suddenly,  extempore. 

J  lam^   Not.     When  prefixed  to  t 
'  future,  it  gives  it  the  preterite  aigmfioation,  u 

Bometimee  the  present ;  a8^^.a:j  J^  1 
did  not assbt  j1J\  .^X^jlsT 

n 

There  is  not  a  created  thing  resembling  it 
eartii. 

J  faffim,  Assembling,  collecting  wl 
'  had  been  dispersed. 

U)  lima,  Why  ?  For  that  which  (con 
of  U  and  J).  Ul  lammd,  After  tb 
when.    i^Jj  ^j^  JUl  'jy-aa-^  '^ 


(^J  ^X^^xf^  (^  ^^^^\  And  when 

thef  had  l>ioiight  the  wealth  before  me,  I  said 
to  tiieni,  Om  ye  deUyer  me  by  means  of  all 
these  riches,  and  purchase  for  me  therewith 

hid 


one  day  daring  which  I  may  remain  aliVe  F 
Bat  they  oonld  not  do  so  I 

oUl  lammdt  (pL  of  il«!),  Cblleotions. 

t  JUI  lamdMd  (comp.  of  J,  U,  and  1  J), 

For   what   reason?     why?       IjU! 

^jf^\  1  JJb  {jl^aQ  lamdnd  lakamt  luad 

m 

MM&i,  Why  did  yoa  giye  a  box  (strike)  to 
this  boy. 

^US  lammd^t   A  desert  where  the 


( 319 )  J^ 

A  Mremmeat  (of  a  small  district^  town  or 
casfle). 

J\^\  aUawati  (pi.  of  j:\\),  Who. 

J>*\j)  law^hik  (pi.  of  ^^1  or  fern. 

J^A^-)),  Dependencies,  appartenances, 
relatiTes ;  followers,  clients,  domestics. 

Aj\^  law&%im,  CL>U;fj)  (pi.  of  /^Jl  or 


▼apoor  c^]^  glitters.     The  shining 
of  the  skin. 


4«l  kmat  (pi.  CL^U!),  A  body  of  men 
from  three  to  ten.    Collections. 

4^  lamdk  and  ^l^y  Looking  at  alyly, 
griaacing  the  eye  at  any  object 

Is^  lamhat  (pi.  c:.>W^),  A  glanoe  with 

the  eye,  a  wink.  A  glance ;  a  twinkling  of 
the  eye,  an  instant. 

\j»t^  kmtf  The  toaoh,  handling,  feeling. 

^  km^  and  ^I^mJ,  Shining,  glitter- 
ing, twinkling,  flashing,  glaring.  Splendonr, 
hnmancy. 

^  laman  (comp.  J  and  ^),  To  him 

or  them  who.  To  whom,  whose.    ^^^ 

vuLiJt  \jJb  laman  lumdl  set/.  To  whom 
belongs  tfaia  sword  P    Whose  sword  is  this  P 

^yii  cL-^gj  hayt  UmuaUifihi,  A  verse  of 

the  author  (t.^.,  such  as  the  reader  can  perceive 
ii  not  borrowed,  but  the  composition  of  the 
aatfaor). 

^  ^  ( A  partide  preceding  the  fhtore), 

no,  never,  not  at  all.  ^r^  ^  ^'^ 
y«ln^  He  will  not  strike. 

j)  law.  If,  but  if.  jl^  Although,  not- 
withstanding. Sjl,  Did  (I)  not.  H^, 
Unless.  yJ^^f  Although  he  surren- 
dered or  submitted. 

\^  lawd,  The  twisting  or  coiling  of  a 
seiDent.  The  winding  (of  a  river,  etc.)f  a 
▼alley,  a  channeL  A  tnust,  a  district  Xit^a, 
Twisting,  bending,  coiling,  winding. 

9  iMOiodf  Name  of  a  bird. 
y  Uwd,  A  standard,  flag,  banner,  colours. 


fem.  ^Ji),  Necessary  things,  requi- 
sites, pertinents. 

tijl  launcdtf  Frspostene  veneri  addiotus. 

^U  liwdtat,  PrsBpostene  veneris  usus. 

-^y  lawd^j  (pi.  of  ^J  or  is^l).  The 
aidonrs  (of  lovers). 

u.^1jl  lawdUb  (pi.  of  u^^y  A  screw). 
m\^  launodm  (fem.   ^\^  law  w&  mah), 

Heproachingp  upbraiding.    ^\jS  ^jtJo 

naft  latptpSmah,  The  flesh,  the  carnal  spirit  in 
the  middle  stage  between  ntter  rebeUion  and 
complete  subjection,  when  it  is  forced  to  sub- 
mit to  the  will,  but  not  without  an  effort  to 
domineer. 

w«1j)  lawdmt^  (pi.  of  Sju^i  and  ^^), 
lights,  rays. 

^fj!  lawdyxh  (pi  .^a^S),  Manifest  things. 
Written  reports,  projects, 

Jtjl  lawdyimj  Slanders,  accusations,  re- 
proaches; fhults. 

^^  luhiydf  French  bean. 

i^^  lawa$,  Dirt,  filth,  contamination, 
defilement,  impurity. 

.jS  lawh  (pi.  ^^^)f  A  table,  plank,  or 

any  thing  flat,  of  wood,  bone,  etc.,  espe- 
cially  on   which   any    thing   is   inscribed. 

)ffyi^\  ^^\  aOawhul  mahfUa  (The 

Ereserred  tablet),  The  tablet  on  which  God 
as  inscribed  the  decrees  of  His  proridence, 
the  tablet  of  God*s  omniscience  and  prescience. 

iL>.jS  lawhat,  One  table. 

^jy  law%^f  Eloquent,  ingenious. 

jjS  btrs.  The  almond,  ij^.  One  almond. 

*  lJ^^  ^^^'  -^^^  people  of  Lot ;  the  people 
'  of  Sodom,  pxttpostersB  veneri  addictus. 

iaji    law^t,    Inflaming    (with    love). 

Afflicting.  Being  indisposed  either  from  dinase 
(Mr  fear.    Kack  round  the  nipples. 

i^  lawld,  Unless.     See  j!  law, 

Vi^^jl   lawiaby  A  screw,  a  vice.     The 


ci 


(830) 


^ 


spout  of  an  alanine.  Any  tnbe  or  caaal 
through  ^hich  water  flows.  iftJJy 
BeloBging  to  or  zesemblins;  a  aoraw  ov  yumi^ 

jl^  ja/«  (noiiii  ot  iwtj  if^j)),  A  pearl. 
TUe  g;reaAwt  pearl  fiahery  in  ibA  wotld  is  in 

BahajreizL    ^jijsas^t  07   Aval  lalaiids, 

which  oonsiat  of  a  eroup  of  one  lai^ge  and 
BejenX  smaller  iBhmds,  in  the  Persian  Oulf, 
snl!)«ct  to  the  Imsm  of  M  nacat»  in  a  b^j  niiar 
the  Arabian  shore.  Bahrein,  the  largest  island, 
is  abont  twenty-flve  miles  in  length,  N.  to  S., 
by  six  or  seven  vide^  and  eigoty  or  ninety 
in  circnit.  The  population  of.  the  whole  gronp 
IS  abont  60,000.  The  pearl  flihery  eeiplors, 
diring  the  season,  80,000  mfm,,  and  yields 
pearls  of  thevalne  of  from  £300,000  to  £360,000 
yearly.  Most  of  the  fishery  boats  belong  to  ner- 
ehanta  possessing  considerable  capital,  bat  the 
largest  proprietor  in  them  is  the  Sheikh  himself, 
wlw  has  upwards  of  2,000  boats,,  each  aiann^ 
during  the  season,  with  eight  or  ten  men ;  he 
imposes  also  a  small  tax  on  wmj  other  boat. 
The  fishing  season  is  from  the  beginning  of 
June  till  October.  The  diving  is  conducted 
.  pcettY  much  in  the  same  mimner  as  in  Ceylon ; 
W  tne  divecs  attach  their  oyster-neta  to  their 
waists,  and  are  in  the  habit  of  stuffing,  thjsir 
ears  and  nose- with  bora  or  other  substances : 
they  can  remain  undec  water  nearly  two 
minutes  at  a  time.  They  are.  often  m  l^e 
most  abject  circumstances,  and  generally  in 
debt  to  the  merchants^  who  obtain  the  pearls 
at  their  own  price^  Bahrein  has  a  oonsider- 
able  traffic,  and  might  be  made  tha  centre  of 
aU  the  commerce  on  tiiis  part  of  the  Arabian 
coast  The  principal  ezporta  are  pearls  to 
India,  Persia,  Arabia,  Bapsorah»  and  Syria; 
dry  dates,  tortoise-shell,  canyas,  and  sharks' 
fins  to  India;  and  4ate8,  oaavas^  mats*  and 
coloured  cloths  to  the  oUier  countries.  The 
chief  imports  are  rice  from  Bengal  and  Bansa- 
lore ;  su^».  popper»  blue  ancf  while  dofts^ 
planks,  iron  ana  othei:  metals,  cinnamon, 
camphor,  drugs,  and  indigo  from  India; 
coffee,  dried  miits,  and  grain  from  Bassorah, 
Persia,  and  Muscat  It  was,  the  trade  of  this 
eountiT,  and  the  gold  of  Ophit  (which  cannot 
be  far  from  here),  which  induced  Solomon  and 
tiie  PhceniciaBs  to  take  Palmm,  to  fortify  it, 
and  to  establish  a  fleet  on  toe  banks  of  the 
Euphrates,  just  where  are  ipw  the  immense 

mins  of  the  Jaber  Castle,  jly*^^  lJ^3 


\^^^J\,  And  on  the  couob  there  was 

a  young  lady  resembling  the  shining  son. 
Eyes  had  not  beheld  one  more  beautiftil. 
Upon  her  was  a  garment  of  brilliant  pearls. 

v^j)y,  Belonging  to  pearlfl* 

djy   lu'tm^   Being  ignoble*  inglonoos^ 


mean,  sordid,  anuiciDus.  CoTetausness,  vil- 
lany,  rice.  Zawm,  Blame,  r^rehenaiDg, 
accusing. 

^jl  lawn.  The  eolonr,  or  external  form. 

A  speoiesy  a  genua.  ^j^^js^»  Many 
coloured,  variegated;  deeply  tinged. 

^yit  J^i  Btseolonred,  of  a  bad  or 

ir^oJjI  Zdndrai^  London. 

^  ZaK  Poland. 

4!  lahu  (fern.  l^)»  Hi%  to  (pxm,  or  of) 

him. 

aI^  hASm,  A  nnmenros  anny  (aademoux- 

ing  or  destroying  all  opposition), 
c^  lahh,  Burning  with  thiiiat  or  with 
fills.    Flane  (especially  without  smoke). 

£sr  kify'at,Tb%  toBgne.  A  langnage^diom. 

The  Uma,  ooontenaaoe^  vkagow    ^^uJ 

As^l,  Eloquent. 

J^  b^ti,  Oppressing,  OTorloeding,  afflict- 
ing; wearing  out  cattle  by  over- working ; 
beating,  thnutiog,  pushing ;  striking  on  the 
backer  bReaat  in oonbem^  Eatings  ISckang, 
with  the  tongue.  Any  kmd  of  fissure  iathe 
fbet,  etc«,  off  men  or  animals.  A  tumour 
under  the  shouldec-blades  oi  beasts  of  burden. 
A  graye,  also  an  indolent,  or  sedentary  num. 

\^  litham^  Because  of,  therefore.  On 
this  aiQooant,  for  this  reason.    y<^^ 

^j^  ^r^  v/tSl  Jj'^.  ^^  <  V.  He 

is  rery  rich,  and  on  this  account  he  can  build 
many  houses. 

»\sJi^  [l  yd  hhfatak,  Alas!  I  do  wish! 

^Jlc  _a^  \j  yd  lahafl  ^alay$if  Alas ! 
Hbw  I  do  sigh  after  him ;  I  do  long  to  see 
him,!    i\LS  b  yd  auafah,  Alaa !  I  do 

regret !  ^ulx  ^Jt^\  b  yd  auafl  colayiht 

Alas !  I  do  regret  and  deplore  him !  (he  who 
ia  no  more). 

^  hMff,  Flaying,  amusing  one's  self, 

passing  the  time  a^eably,  unbending  the 
mind.  Play,  anythmg  ludicrous  or  jocular ; 
whatever  diverte  the  uioughts  from  anything- 
serious    (e^>ecially   women,    children^  etc)* 

W^j  J^l  ^  ^\^J\  «.-«^<  oJ^ 


y*r 


(821) 


^V^tif  And  tbepaawDgen  were 

B^semldfld  to  eat  and  drinks  and  play  and 
mx\  but  vliflc  we  were  thu  engaged,  lol 
a«  Bate  of  tke  fhip  caDad  oat  nTSia  knideat 


TOIiX. 


f  ^i,  Ardoar,  inflaminatioii,  heat, 
tbe  pMBiog  of  love.    Bonung,  flaming  (firo). 

Bame  without  smoke,  j  Jj  «^,«i«.}  Uli 

>'u--^  l^i  ^^,  Now  whenBedr 

^flar  vocdi,  and  imdentood  what  they 
wfrHB  fint  to  kMk,  and  the  deacriptioa  of 
f  7^  ^  mentioned  by  his  nnde,  he 
f^BBt  tBimoiired  of  her  by  tbe  ear;  but 
J'^aded  to  them  that  he  was  asleep.  A 
"Sac  of  fire  was  kindled  in  his  heart  on  her 

KEMBt 

Ife  not  send  anything  to  me.  A  i 
^wv1«,  I  hare  a  brother  and  two 
■*«.  lot-Jj  vi^  Ci2,  Thou  hast 

1  M<K  md  garden. 

^J  %4H  Dignity,  decorum,  worth, 

*it,  431,  exoellenee.    Propriety,  fitness. 

fiihim  (pL  of  ^),  Mean,  sordid, 
t"^  ^a»>  S<rftDea,  gentlaneBs,  lenity, 

u'^''"'  oooTenienoe,  ease,  oonfort. 
se.jriii^pbeidly,eompassionately,  humanely. 

^  ^(^  (ot  c:-JU  ),  Would  to  God ! 
Iwiih.  ^^,  Would  to  heaven  that  I. 
•^^i  I  wish  that  you-   ^J  ^JS--;-! 

J^'U  lU,  O  that  I  had  wealth,  that 

^Q?tob«owitinalni«, 

^  ^1,  A  lion.    A  lioness.    9Ai 

Lif.^  to  say  to  him,  0  Hon  of  the 
?*•  0  Uon  of  the  plain!  O  bold  lion! 
JJJJwof  the  children!    O  saltan  of  the 

l^^»i,]Srot;  is  not.  jO\  ^  ^ 
">^»  There  is  nobody  at  home  but 
85-  Jj\^\J  ^^  It  is  not  as  I  wish. 


ft/  and  ikJ,  Fibres,  filaments, 
especially  of  pain-trees. 

Jul  Jayl  or  iU  (pi.  of  ^U  laydll), 

Night.    jlfJl^  JJjl,  Night  and  day. 

iCl  laylan.  In  the  night  time.    ^JJ 

jOiit,  The  night  of  power.  4J  Ja£  ^^ 

J-U' J^*^  J  J^  APry^f  He  .could 

not  rest  nor  be  patient,  aad  he  oeosed  not  to 
suffer  agitation  of  mind  and  transport,  until 
tbe  night  eame! 

^JJ  Zaifla*,  Name  of  A  lady  frequently 
aUuded  to  in  the  East 

^y^  /imfl»,  A  lemon,  a  citron. 

^J^  lofn  (fem.  JuJ),  Soft,  gentle,  mild ; 
placid,  smooth,  hnmane. 

j^y  ftifJn  (see  ^^j^)^  A  royal  tent. 

CjjJ  IwfiU  (pi.  of  (J^  /ay«),  Lionesses. 

A^,  Tile,  abject,  mean,  base,  worthless, 
in^orions,  ignoble,  sordid,  aTaricions,  cowardly. 


I*  mfm,  The  twenty-fourth  letter  of  the 
Arabic  alphabet  In  arithmetic  it  denotes  40 ; 
in  almanacs  it  is  the  character  for  Sunday ; 
and  in  the  dates  of  letters  it  stands  for  the 

month  &j^^  Muharrem. 

U  m&y  Which,  what,  that  which,  what- 

soever,  t-^'  ^r^  ^»  Whatever 
thou  lidest,  I  will  ride,    Why,  whecefore. 

No,  not  How !  U  i^\j  ^^,  Let 
there  be  soma  (or  a  given)    circle. 

t-^ckr  ^  U^  ^jk^j  ^\,  Indeed  Zeid 
is  an  excellent  writer.  \ji  ^j*m^\  U, 
How  excellent  is  Omar.    ^jVn  r*^  U, 

As  far  as  I  can.       L»>  c:..v«jU,  As 

long  as  I  Uyo.  This  particle  is  frequently 
added  to  others,  without  making  any  sensible 

difference  of  sense  \,  as  Ul,  If,  but  if. 

21 


vij'U 


(822) 


jU 


\aj\  (for  f^\),  Becaase,  oertainly ;  al- 
though.  Ul lil  (for  \o\),  When.    U^, 

As,  as  if,  like,  according  to.  \aJQ, 
In  order  to.  Um^,  That,  in  order  to. 
Ui^,  How?  U^,  As  often  as. 
Wherefore.  UK,  As  often  as.  What- 
soever, ^^\^  yX^9  According  as  it 
was.  (J^j^  U,  What  rapidity !  U 
i\jbj\,  How  glorious ! 
U  md,  Water,  joice,  sap,  hamonr,  liqaor, 

ifLs^VU,  The  water  of  life  or  immor- 
tality.  JyMjill'U,  Water  and  honey, 
metheglin.  i^j^'^p  Flowing  or 
running  water.  tV«l>-'U,  Stagnant 
waters.  ^U'U,  Pdre  water.  JL«*U, 

Bain  water.  j!aL«*t«,  Distilled  water. 
^J'U ,  A  fountain,  a  spring.  *{;^^ 
or  JjjIVU,  Bose  water.  ^jjiduJVU, 
Barley  water.  l«  ^^jj^,  An  aqueduct. 

(JLU  md  bdJtl,  The  remainder,  the  rest ; 
that  which  lenudna. 

^l^i!  ^U,  That  in  which  there  is  joy; 
gladnen,  rcgoioing. 

i«j  U  maabl  (fern.  ^I^)*  Abominable, 

detestable,  loathed.  Pestiferous.  (j^L«t 

^  U,  Pestilential  disorders. 

^^U  mdhayn,  An  interyal,  interstice, 
space  between  two  bodies,  both  sides.  Be- 
tween, among.  ^^\AJb  ^\^  mdheyni- 

huma^unf  The  Sultan's  oxdinary  reception- 
rooms  or  palace. 

^tXAjU  md  tahaddam^  The  past,  anti- 
quity.   The  words  or  time  preceding. 

w  U  madtam,  A  misfortune,  an  assembly 

'  of  female  mourners,  beating  their  breasts, 
tearing  their  hair,  face,  or  garments,  and 
making  a  melancholy  noise,  on  account  of  any 
misfortune,  as  the  death  of  a  friend.  It  also, 
sometimes,  implies  a  promiscuous  meetinr  of 
men  or  women  on  any  festiye  occasion.  Con- 
dolence, consolation. 

aJU  mdtam,  Mourning. 

j'Lt  maasar.  Signs,  memorials,  illns- 
trious  actions.    Histories,  traditions. 


^te  madsamf  Sinning.    Iniquity. 

jy'U  maoHLr,  A  history,  saying,  tradi- 
tion.   Traditionally  related  or  spoken  of. 

iX>-U  mdjtdf  (A  man)  conspicuous  for 

honour,  nobility,  or  glory,     (--fijy^ 

«x>-L«,  Most  glorious,  honoured,  noble. 

I^tt  mdjard  or  g^U  mdjara\  An 
accident,  erent,  any  tldng  past    That  which 

happened.  ^Ji,^\^  l^  ^.s-?^j 


^j:u^,  And  I  related  to  her  my  story 

firom  beginning  to  end.  She  was  griered  at 
my  case,  and  wept,  and  said,  I  also  will  ac- 
quaint tiliee  with  my  story. 

-p.^U  Mdjajf  Magng,  the  son  of  Ja* 
-phet.  That  part  of  Eastern  Tartary  bordering 

on  China.     See<.«>-b. 


•  •• 


jf^'U  ma^jUr,  Bewarded,  recompensed; 
ha?ing  a  recompense  attached  to  it. 

^j^U  mdehfn,  Some  indefinite  part  of 

China.   ..f*>^t«9  (.•*»>  ehin-thmdchln, 
China  in  general.  [place. 

Jmoo^U  md'hassal.   That  which   took 

U  mdhadar,  Whaterer  is  ready  or 
prepared  in  haste  (as  Tictoals,  etc). 

U  mdhi,  Obliterating,  defacing.  One 
^who  erases  or  defaces. 

mm 

^l  jU^U  md  ihalaV  aOah,  That  which 

Ood  has  created,  t.«.  all  the  world,  all  sorts  of 
men  or  animals. 


J^'U  ma'ihM  (pL  J^  U  ma'akhit),  A 

place  fh)m  which  anything  is  taken  or  de- 
rived.   A  source^  derivation,  origin. 

Ji^'U  maakhUBf  Beceived,  taken,  oc- 
cupied, held  (as  an  opinion). 

LS^U  mdkhClld,  Melancholy. 

i%!  jU»  mdddm,  During,  whilst,  so  long 
as,  until  that     Shirting. 

if  jL«  mdddat,  An  article,  point,  subject, 
matter,  argument.  [miast. 

-.jUi  mddih,  part.  Pnosiug;   an  enco- 

^^jU  mdddf.  Material.     ^•3U  Ha,  A 
material  cause. 


(328) 


^U 


^  JU  mayrit^  A  Pttriaa  herb 

^  or  m  ftet  ]ii^h,  bening  sraen  beniet  like 
oEpeiy  iriuefa,  bang  picwitod  in  Tinegar,  are 
OttOnt  fcr  the  dropay. 

L  J'U  MMHM^,  A  tower  bdongiiig  to 
inoBqiiffiPDa  nub  the  crier  prodnnui  the 


j^A%  maSm,   Jjosnaed,  pennitted, 

ilb«d  HniBg  leave,  httfing  permiinoD. 
;U  adr,  i  nmt.     L»-j£  jte  mdf  yft- 

SiiBlGeoi^siidtheDrwoii.  It  is  the  name 
<^ti»pltceivbere  Samt  (Mfge  destrored  tite 
pofi^  TUi  plaee  is  ntuted  abont  an 
wi  lide  fron  Beinit  to  flie  east,  before 
■B^B^tt  the  bridge  of  the  lirer  of  Beirut. 
iaaUcbipd,  eonunemontiTe  of  tiie  erent, 
tH  ontid,  nd  oriffinallj  dedieated  to  the 
CIniia  hero,  bat  itliaa  amce  been  eooTerted 
Bt»aooiqBe.   (SeeXiidL) 

h«  aer,  part.  Paanng.   WaUdng.   Any 

^  me  peiBQiL  ^W^^^y  '^^ 
^noitioBed,  the  ahore  ezplaiiied. 

U;U  Mfldrit,  The  time  en  place  for 

■7  mmaj  banaeaB.  A  amaU  place  be- 
gBBSaaa  end  Hadramnt  in  Arabia  Felix, 
nanforitonlt 

^j^  MirM,  Any  thing  neoessaiy  to 
^im.  Neeenitjy  indigenee;  (whence  the 

fRTFffb)  i^\ip^ilfy\^,  Necessity  is 
MQportaixtjr,  Ls.  VtemAj  has  no  Inw. 

H;^  idf^  The  Syro-Boman  month  of 

™^  [rode,  insolent,  prond. 

*^fH  CoDtnmacioaSy   stubborn, 
^U  Man^  (aoc.  Marde),  A  city  of 

^  Tnivy,  at  the  N.  W.  extremity  of  the 
r^of  Bigdad,  fiftj  miles  SJB.  of  Diar- 
*^  Popolation  estimnted  at  11,000,  of 
«k>BlJMinAniieiiiani»and200Jew8.  It 
>iSGiicdoothea]^of  the  Kazajadagh,  or 
■*«  Xcnat  Matins,  and  overlooks  a  very 
^'^ss^  sad  fertile  tract  of  oomitry.    It  is 


^ 


^^^«(d  br  a  eastl^  erowoxng  the  summit 
^^*if,  lad  is  very  difBcnlt  of  aeoeas,  the 


,  -7   ^^     »      -«J      «MUM/1U»     W4      »WV<«»,      WAV 

•^nsd  to  it  leading  np  a  eteep  about  one 
IJ^  8  half  in  length.  The  houses  are 
^««  of  bewQ  stone,  and  appear  to  be  Tcry 
^;  t&e  viadows  are  small,  grated  with  iron ; 
**«»Mrn)w;  and  the  buildings,  being 
?  •^'jj,  leem  to  rise  one  on  tiie  top  of 
S«?*  ^ '^l^  ■"  kept  in  fateable  re- 
^'^lUiw  old  pieces  of  cannon  are  mounted 
2  ^  toven  of  the  castle.  Mardin  is  the 
^^  town  of  the  peshaUe  towards  Constan- 
,-^\  Md  the  lendence  of  a  goTemor  ap- 
^"^  by  tile  FmIui.    The  industry  of  the 


inhabitants  is  confined  to  the  mannfiictnre  of 
cotton  Mrics  and  Turkey  leather ;  but  it  haa 
little  external  trade,  in  consequence  of  not 
being  on  any  of  the  great  carayan  roitea. 
The  neighbourhood  nroduoes  an  abundance  of 
cotton,  grain,  and  frnits,  which  find  a  ready 
sale  in  &e  market  of  Mardin. 

^\s^jL$  mOritidny  An  hospital  or  in- 
finnaiy,  a  madhooae. 

ifj\^  mdrrah  (for  ijite  fern,  of  jte).  Pas- 
senger; thing  pasring  away. 

^^L«  md$  ioT  (^LiJl^  A  diamond. 
^j\  C^Jy  ^^\^\  il^O  ^  c^--^^ 

ji^\  )j,  And  I  walked  in  that  valley; 

and  I  beheld  its  ^und  to  be  composed  of 
diamonds,  with  which  ther  perforate  minerals 
mid  jewels,  and  with  whien  alio  they  perforate 
porcelaui  and  the  onyx;  and  it  is  a  stone  so 
nard  that  neither  iron  nor  rook  have  any  effect 
upoA  it. 

(^te  Mdi  (fern.  LaUs),  Tonching,  con- 
tiguous. 

j;«Mite  mdtabakf  That  which  precedes; 
anything  past,  aaid,  or  done. 

uX<»t«  mdtik,  part,  fielding,  retentire. 

^uCdte  rndtUsfohf  Betentiveness,  reten- 
tion, [mentioned  or  performed 

(.jLfU  m&uUaf,  The  past,  the  before- 

j^'U  ina^tUr,  Captiye,  taken  captive. 

^U  mdsh,  Pease,  pnlse. 

k^t«  mdthit  and  aJx&U,  A  tire- woman, 
comber  or  dresser  (of  a  bride,  etc.). 

^^U  m&shl.  Going,  walking,  travelling. 

JLlts    mdihiifa^,    Qoadrapeds,    sheep, 
oxeo,  camels,  etc. 

^iWU  mdiodaky  That  which  is  true, 
anything  demonstrated  or  verified. 

<Ujt«  mddiffhatf   The  jaw,   that    part 
whence  the  teeth  grow.  Two  yeins  in  the  jaw. 

^^t«  mddi,  part.  Passing  away,  past. 
_«^Ully  The  past,  time  past.    ic-^Ult 

^jjU,  Of  the  past  nothing  is  men- 
tioned.    JuIUl  jUSf^  JLjUI  ^i\, 

The  ancients,  the  people  of  former  timet. 


viru 


(324) 


JU 


^^itfUll  JjuSli    The   preterite  tense. 


Jjj* 


••   •  I  * 


ij>  W-*!^  cji 


J^lj  ^^^USl  y  Child  of  Adam,  let  not 

hope  make  a  dupe  of  tbee :  from  all  that  thr 
bands  hare  treasured,  thou  shalt  be  remoTed. 
I  aee  thee  desiroiis  of  the  world  and  its  em- 
beUishmentfl;  and  the  past  genetationa  hare 
(in  Taiu)  pursued  the  same  course. 

jLl*  matir,  part.  Baining. 

Md  ^addy.  Except  myself.  U\tXc  U 
fud  ^a^toftd,  Besides  ourselves.  \:dMiS^ 

L^i^yl  Ij,^  L«  \xm:^f  jaml^nd  katabnd 

tfia  f^ada  yusuf^  The  whole  of  us  hare  written 
except  Joseph.  [hogany. 

^^U  mdghikn  (used  in  Arabic),  Ma- 
vJLtIj  U  ma  fati  That  T(  hich  is  past. 
^yL«  md/uk,  Beyond,  above;  that  which 

is  above,  vjj JJ  J^^  J**'  Vi>b*^^  f^» 
Can  I  do  what  is  beyond  my  power  ? 

JUl  ^  U  mdfVlhdl  (^»^1  ^  ^  or 

S\^\  ^yU),  That  which  is  in  the 
mind,  intention,  thought,  design,  reflection. 

j^ll  (juMbiJ  ^  L«,  That  which  is  in  the 

thing  itself,  i,e,  the  essence,  substance,  founda- 
tion, principle. 

iJ^  U  md  kihal,  That  which  precedes, 
the  antecedent,  the  former  part. 

^l^  U  md  kdn.  That  which  is,  was,  or 
has  been. 

^t«  mdkir,  A  deceiver,  a  cheat.   \^\  U 

C^Ux  \jj^  ^Laij,  0  ignorant,  de- 
ceitful, artAil,  guileful,  and  treacherous,  hope 
not  for  deliverance ;  for  this  is  the  recompense 
of  thy  base  conduct,  and  a  punishment  for  thy 
abominable  actions  and  doings. 

J^U  madkal,  Victuals,  viands.    J^Ull 
L^j\JLAi\%,  Meat  and  drink. 

<L!j^U  madkaht,  Aliment,  food,  any  kind 
<^  nourishment. 


vj 


J/'U  maakal  (pL  C^J/*U),  Eatej 
deyoored.   Food,  vidnala,  Tiands. 

lU^'U  maakal^foh,  The  general  co^ 
snmptionof  anyeatablearticle.  Uf\ 

sumption  of  bread  is  greater  than  tlut 

cheese.  ^^\^\iJ^'\^^\ 

cJ^t,  The  g^ieral  eonsnmptioD 
meat  in  winter  is  greater  than  in  tmm 
People  eat  less  meat  in  the  summer  tban 
the  winter  time. 

JU  modi.  The  substance  or  tendenj 

of  the  words.    ^  U  U^«  JS^  \^ 

uJjall^,  We  have  received  your  letie 
and  have  taken  note  of  its  land  oonteati. 
JU  mdl  (pi.  J\^l),  Riches,  moue 
wealth,   poflseoions,   goods,    effects,  tstsi 
Ls-^U  JU^  jtU  JU,  Goods  moj 

able  and  immovable ;  also  an  estate  ssm 
or  inanimate  (as  slavea,  flocks,  berd»«  v 

money,  landsi  or  houses),  i^jt^^  J^ 
The  royal  revenue  or  domains.  ^^^ 
JUII,  A  treasury.  <^^«)  J^»  T«: 
poral  goods.     J.^1j  lP^  ^  ^ 


my  wealth  faileih,  no  friend  assisteth  at-  \ 
wnen  it  aboundeth,  all  men  are  my  frio 
How  many  enemies  for  the  sake  of  wea 
have  consorted  with  me !  And  my  coopsci' 
in  the  time  of  want,  hath  abandoned  me ! 

duLe^KSUmdfoibtem  ^0/4^1%,  Az: 

thing  against  which  there  is  no^?  to 
said ;  against  which  tiiere  is  no  objectioo. 

^  iA^ ))  U  md  ^  mhdyat  lahu,  Infici 

^V^l'^  fndldff^l,  That  which  d^ 

not  concern  a  person.    U^  Ji^;  ^ 

^M^j  i  U  «..<«mJ  4iJju  1,  He  V 

Speaks  about  what  does  not  ooncem  hio*  ^1 
hear  what  does  not  please  him. 

JU  mdlih,  Salsuginous  (plant).    ^| 
(water).    Salted  (fish,  etc.). 

U^U  mdliehdlifd,  Melancholy. 
I»p  U  md  tatWy  That  whiohisneoessa 


JU 


(325) 


i.)U 


ly  U  MaUdn     Malta  is  an  iala&d  of  the 

Meditemoean,  nearW  op^oiite  to  the  S.  angle 
of  Sicily,  from  whicn  it  u  distant  about  sixty 
milefl.  ixt.  Seventeen  mil.es  long,  irith  a 
breadth  of  eight  at  its  widest  part.  Ar«a, 
ninetj-eight  square  miles.  Ikte,  Its  coast 
is  in  general  steep  and  ragged,  and  well  forti- 
fied tnrongbout.  The  two  small  ialands  of 
GoBO  and  Comino  are  sepanted  from  it  only 
b^  a  naiTow  channel.  Erery  spot  is  ddtiTated 
with  the  greatest  care,  and  the  soil,  when 
defieient,  is  supplied  in  diip-loadafrom  Sicily ; 
hence,  it  may  be  considered  as  wholly  artificiaL 
CUmaU,  Healthy,  and  resembling  Anrica  rather 
than  liiffope.  rxoti  and  snow  are  unknown, 
and  ice  is  largely  im^rted  from  Sicily.  iVo. 
Moat  of  the  productions,  both  of  Europe  and 
the  tropical  climates,  which  have  been  tried 
here,  have  succeeded.  Indigo  and  saffiron  are 
cultiTated,  and  also  cotton,  which  has  been 
exported  to  a  ^peat  extent  The  honey  of 
Malta  is  in  high  repute.  Manf,  Goaree 
cottons,  jewelry,  and  cabinet-work.  Tlop, 
including  Gozo  and  Comino,  about  1 30,000. 
Zai.  of  Cape  Taletta,  on  the  N.  side,  Z&*  63' 
8*  K.  Lon.  le  31'  2"  E.— Malta  was  pos- 
sessed by  the  Carthaginians,  Bomans,  and 
afterwaros  by  the  Saracens,  who  were  driyen 
from  it  by  the  Normans.  They  retained  it 
till  its  occupation  in  the  16th  century,  by  the 
knights  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem,  who  forti- 
fied it,  and  participated  in  all  the  attacks  made 
upon  the  Turks  by  the  Christian  powers,  both 
by  aea  and  on  the  coast  of  Africa.  In  1665 
it  was  besieged  by  the  Turks:  after  losing 
four  months  in  reiterated  attacks,  and  sacri- 
ficing a  great  part  of  their  army,  they  were 
obli^d  to  re-embark,  and,  from  that  time, 
they  forebore  from  all  further  attempts  on  the 
island.  In  1798  it  surrendered  to  Bonaparte, 
and  receiyed  a  French  gurison.  Being  after- 
wards blockaded  by  a  Britiah  squadron,  it  was 
forced  to  surrender,  through  famine,  in  1800  ; 
and  by  the  Treaty  of  ^ois,  in  1814,  was 
confirmed  to  Britain.  In  no  fortress  in  Europe 
are  the  defences  more  imposing.  Its  sdmin- 
tstrstion  oonsLsts  of  a  goyemor  and  a  council 
of  six  persons,  appoints  by  the  British  crown. 

uil*t«  madlif,  A  place  vhioh  one  fre- 
quents. 

jSU  mShk,  A  flatterer. 

ij^\^  Mdldka,  or  ISLt^  ma^alaka,  An 

ancient  town  in  PhoBnida,  near  Beirut,  in 
Mount  Lebanon.  The  FhoBnicians  of  Malaka 
founded  as  their  colony  the  town  of  Malaga, 
of  Spain,  the  capital  of  the  proyince  of  the 
same  name.  The  meaning  of  Malaka,  in  the 
FhcBuidan  language,  is  a  town  built  on  the 
decliyity  of  a  mountain  gradually  descending 
towards  the  plain  or  the  sea,  as  is  the  case 
with  this  town.  [proprietor. 

ulj3t«  mdlik,  A  poBseasor,  lord,  master, 

^lC]t«  mdlikdnah,  Possessing,  in  sole 
property,  with  despotic  power.    Pertaining  to 


a  possessor ;  pertaining  to  a  king.  A  manor, 
of  which  the  tithes  are  j^aid  to  the  lord,  but 
of  which  the  arable  land  is  owned  by  separate 
proprieton. 

^l^tt  uJj»aj,  Complete  possession,  ab- 
solute dominion.  [Patronage. 

^uCt*  tndliklyai,  Possession,  property. 

uJ^'U  maalilf,  Familiar,  accustomed  to 
liye  in  friendship  with,  ordinary,  customary. 

AjI'U  mao/flm.  Sad,  moumfol,  afflicted. 

^U  fndll  (fem.  ^U),  Belonging  to 
riches,  wealthy. 

JLIte  tnHliyai,  The  finances,  the  treasury. 

the  exoheqaer.  <UU!1  ^^,  The 
secretary  or  comptroller  of  the  treasury. 

i^-^  t«  md  mada\  That  which  is  past, 
"  ^^^d/%  U  ^e^i  That  which  is  past  is 

past ;  let  us  not  think  or  speak  of  the  past. 
CS^\^fn&fiialakf  All  that  one  possesses, 
^'ts  maaman,  A  place  of  security. 

ji^*U  maamur^  Ordered,  commanded. 
Any  one  to  whom  authority  or  orders  are 
delegated ;  a  commissary,  a  plenipotentiary. 

ijjy^\^  maamULrlyaty  Any  employ,  office, 
or  commission  under  Goyemment. 

J^-*L«  maamul,  Hoped   for,  what  is 

expected.  <L)y«*t«  ma-muliydh.  Ex- 
pectation, hope. 

y^y'^  moamtlfi.  Rendered  secure,  pre* 

seryed;  freed  from,  exempted.  Firm,  con- 
stant A  person  in  whom  confidence  is  placed, 

to  whom  one  trusts,      ^y*^^   ^ 

maamun,  The  great  Almamon,  son  of  Haron 
Arrashid,  and  the  fourth  Ehalif  of  the  bouse 
of  Abbas.  He  reigned  from  a.d.  813  to  883. 
He  was  a  great  encourager  of  learned  men, 
founded  an  academy  at  £igdad,  calculated  a 
•et  of  astronomical  tables,  and  caused  the 
works  of  the  most  celebrated  ancient  authors 
to  be  translated  into  Arabic. 

^y%\^  mdmUniff'ah,  A  sweetmeat  which 

has  the  appearance  of  the  English  apple- 
sauce ;  it  is  composed  of  sugar,  the  best  flour, 
and  butter. 

li^b^vU  mdmltd,  The  herb  me. 

^'U  nuumat,  The  lower  belly,  the 
abdomen;  hypochondria;  the  nayel  or  that 
part  of  the  Milly  surrounding  it.  Fat  adher« 
ug  to  the  interior  part  of  the  leg. 

^U  mdna^  (pL  ^\y),  An  impedi- 
ment, obstacle,  opposition,  hindrance.    Belhs- 


(826) 


iuft  denying,  prohibiting.  Ifowi^,  A  pro- 
hibitory eto.  Difficult  of  acceos,  reserred  (man). 

i^y«*U  tnaaniU,  A  companion,  associatey 
ftiend,  domeetic    Familiar,  intimate. 

tj*U  maatod  (i/^*^)9  A  mansiony  dwell- 
ing, habitation. 

tjfjU  mdward,  That  which  is  behind  or 

after.  j^\  f^^U  Ifdwaran'n'nahr,  That 

whieh  ia  bejond  the  rirer  (Oxos),  t.#.,  Trana- 
oxiana,  Khoraasan.  [pened. 

^^U  mdwaka^j  That  which  has  hap- 

v^j'U  maawa\  A  mansion. 

i^^U  mdwl  (fem.  ^^U)i  Any  copy  of 
yerses,  of  whichevery  distich  ends  intt. 

yb\^  mdhir,  Acate,  ingenioas,  sagacious. 

conning.  Well  vened  in  any  scienoe.  A  master 
of  any  art.  [which  is. 

ybl^  md  huwa,  What  is  that?     That 

^Uf  mdhiyat,  Quality,  essence,  value. 

4^U  mdy,  Watery,  aquatic 

uujU  mdyt,  Dying,  dead. 

<0'U  miaift,  A  hundred  (see  ^}.    JU5 

And  he  said  to  her,  I  know  not  ene  more  of 
the  daogbtera  of  the  Kings  of  the  Sea;  I 
haye  enumerated  to  thee  more  than  a  hondred 
damsels,  and  yet  not  one  of  them  pleases  thee. 

^2j«2jU  mfyatln  (dual  of  djt«  mia),  Two 
hundred. 

4JI2CU  U  md  fotakaUalf  Whatever  is 
dianWable  by  liqnefiietion  or  concoction. 

^U  mdyihf  One  who  goes  down  into  a 
well  in  search  of  water. 

S  Jjte  mdyidat  or  mdydaky  A  table,  espe- 
cially covered  with  victuals.  \^\ 
if  jjU!\  ^Jlc  aighadd  ^aU  al  md'tdah^ 
The  dinner  is  on  the  table.  [of  Hay. 

^^tt  mdyii,  The  Syro-Boman  month 

^t«mayt^,  Melted,  fluid.  Liquor.  ijul« 
Jf afflict.  Oil  of  cinnamon  or  mynh. 

Jj'te  Mdtl,  Inclined,  bent,  curved. 
Taking  delight  in,  affectionate. 


dJjU  mdHat,  (A  woman)  waving  gm 

ftdly  ivhen  walking. 
^^'U  tnaofSLi,  Desperate,  hopelesi 

Ju^  muhdh  (pi.  c:^\>-L«),  Any  ia 

ferent  action,  whatever  a  penoa  may  do  « 
alone;  being  attended  neither  with pni»( 
hhime.    Lawful  pleaanre,  festinty.  ' 

Li>cwU^  mubdMi,  A  disputant,  disp^ 

ing.  it^\^  mubdhoioi  or  mahdhMi 
A  dispute,  contest,  wager. 

i\t}\^muhdddt^  Manifesting,  displayii 
(enmity)  towards  any  penon. 

^jL^  mubddir,Who  makes  haste.  S;jl 

Haste,  expedition.  Making  haste.  Sett 
about  (any  work),  beginning. 

Jl]jL«  mubddakU,  Exchange,  barter. 
4^  jL^  mahdii,  B^nnings,  origins. 

JjL«  mabdri*  (pL  of  j^  or  of  Jj^L 

Batties;  fields  of  bafttie.  JfiiiSric  A  nnii 
a  combatant,  a  braTc  soldier,  a  hero.  Ft 

pared  for  war.  ijj^  mubdnoMi,  ^i 
battie,  combat 

vl^L*  m^ihdrak,  Happy,  fortunal 
august;  blessed,  sacred.  iLij\ 
LZ  'X^t'i  t«  muhdrak  md  fo^aUj  I  wi 
you  joy!    (jm^Jl^I  O^aj— j\  LaJ 


JU-  \1J\  l|j^£),  And  after  he  h 

been  seated  a  while,  the  King  said  to  bi 
Blessed  be  thy  arrival !  Thou  hast  made 
desolate  by  thy  absence,  O  beloved  of  ) 
heart:  what  is  thy  bunneai.  that  we  may  p 
form  it  for  thee  immediately  P 

i.  ;L«  nmbdwratf  War,  battle. 

jJ^  L«  mmbdMr,  A  superintendent,  sup 

▼iaor,  inq^tor,  commiwary,  prooarator,fkp( 
fiustor,  agent,  plenipotentiaiy. 

ij^\^  mubdtharat,  A  beginning.  Sup 

intendency,  prefecture,  agency,  investitore  v 
fnllpowen. 

ZyuWL^  muhdiathai,  Seising   by  for 
Fighting  in  close  combat. 

SacL^  mubdcodai,  3eparation,  distan 
removal,  departing  one  from  another. 

iflLt  nmbdldtf  Consideration,  attend* 
HLjiW  i\jf  Inattention,  oarelessm 


(327) 


^1^^,  Pear  not  nor  griere 

k  ftj  mi;  for  I  loTe  my  child  more  thin 
1ho«,8od  mj  child  k  with  mj  hroiher ;  there- 
in on  sot  for  the  lefty  nor  fear  hii  hemg 

^'^  §Migh  (pL  of  ^L««}f  Sums  of 

^u«  wddkgkgiy  Exaggeration,  hyper- 

hile.  Aaphieitioii,  eieeai,  ffaperftbaiiduioe. 
SqperidTe.   EndeaTour,  diUgenee. 

^rL«M^I>£difioeBy&bric8,Btractarefl. 


:k\ 


i^i^  miAdhdi,  YaingloTjy  pride,  arro- 

fUR.  Oi^otin^  for  superiority  in  beanty 
e  Bj  ober  qaahfication. 

^jLt  muhdharid,  Boasting,  glorying. 
<^U  mMhdhalaiy  Execration. 

JtLi  mibdhi,  Glorious,  exalted.    Pre- 

""■iag,  anoganf,  proud. 

<«U  mubdjfa^t,   Commerce^    traffic, 

bide.  Xakii^  a  contract  of  purchase  or  sale. 
^^i^b&ig  ha£f  prominng  obedience. 

(^i*«m(idyffi,  Separate,  distinct,  un- 

Sb,diffierait. 

^.U  mt^yanai.  Separation,  becoming 

^^  Kpnated  in  distance,  qnality,  or  affec- 

tan. 

^  mibtaid,  A  thing  begun.  The 
^niiig,  prineiple,  or  subject  of  a  propod- 
tk)Q.   A  substantive  noun.    Ijcu^f 

/^^,  The  subject  and  predicate,  or 
'^niin  lod  a^eedTe  (in  Syntax). 

j^  miAUdir,  part.  Bushing  to  seize 
^T^;  flying  to  anna.    OTcrwhelming. 

l^mnitadi^  An  inventor,  innovator, 
*^'  MuUadaf^^  A  new  invention. 

S^mMs^,  Beginner;  a  novice. 

J^  mhtma,  Little  esteemed. 
r^wiWsiAtr,  A  receiver  of  good  news. 
^  ««&%Ad,  Desired ;  the  thing  de- 

Jr*  ^Ota,  Moist,  watered. 

•r*  «*«a.  Afflicted,  nnifortunate,  tried 


or  innred  to  Stress.    Demanding  on  oatb  or 
eonfession. 


mubiali^  A  glutton,  a  devouter. 
'MubtMhi^  Absorbed,  swallowed  np. 

^vr^^  mtihtaia.  Founded,  erected,  built. 
jFr^  mubiahij,  Who  exults,  rejoices. 


Usharah  wyaraUmt  fmibiahiian^  These  tidings 
made  me  jojfiil. 

Jfu^  mtthtahil,  Who  supplicates.  Who 
groans  (in  prayer). 

Ji^  muhi^'alt  Much  esteemed,  vener- 
able.   Mubt^Uy  Who  roTeres,  honours. 
ci^<U  mdbhas,  A  matter  of  discussion, 
a  section  of  any  treatise,  a  paragraph,  article. 
muhakhkhar,  Perfumed,  vaporous. 
mahkharat,  A  censer  for  burning 

incense  in.   l^is^^  u:.-c^^t  l|it  J 

iaJSu.  c:^>  CL^>^  W 
Then  she  took  forth  from  her  shoulders  two 
pieces  of  kamari  (aloes- wood),  and  took  a  bit 
of  tiiem,  and,  haymg  lighted  a  fire  in  a  per- 
fuming Tessel,  threw  into  it  that  bit;  and  she 
made  a  loud  whistle. 

(JLJyss:^  mabkhntf  Fortunate,  happy. 

^Ju^  mahdd  (pi.  i/i^V^  mabddl),  The 

beginning,  original,  origin,  principle,  head  of 
anythbg,  the  first  rules  or  principles  of  arts 

and  sciences.    c^^Uu^^  aJ.x  (^jL^.^ 

mabadt  ^Im  ulhUab,  The  first  rules,  the 
elementary  rules  of  arithmetic 

ft  Ju^  mubdi^fA  creator,  author,  inventor, 
founder.   A  heretic,  a  leader  of  a  new  religion. 

c  Ju^  mahda^f  An  invention,  discovery, 

first  production,  fiction.  c:.^Uju/t  (pi.), 
InnoTations(iD  a  bad  sense),reyolutions,here8ies. 

Jju^  muhadddl,  Changed,  altered,  ex- 
changed, converted,  turned  into. 

4^Ju/s  tmibdl,  Who  begins,  does  any 
thing  first  An  inventor.  Who  makes  manifest. 

jjbM«  mubauirf  Prodigal,  expensive. 

J^  j^  wuAval,  Expended,  bestowed.   A 
magnificent  present. 

\j^  mi^d,  A  penknife. 


(328) 


O,^  mahrad,  A  file,  a  polisher. 
mubarrid,  Befreshing,  cooli 


barrad,  Cold,  afflicted  with  cold. 

jj'!^  mnbarrir,  What  jostifiea.     Ifu- 
htarrarf  Justified.  [theatre. 

jj*^  fnahnatf  A  field  of  hattle,  an  amphi- 

^j^  mubrem,  Vrgenty  which  will  not  he 
put  off. 

jjji^  mabritr,  Pioos,  religious.  cl^U  Jc^ 

^j^jT^  ihadam&t  mabrarah,  Good  and 
faithful  Berrioes. 

j^ji^  mabrUM,  Produced,  pablished. 

^jf^  mubarhin,  Demonstrative,  authen- 
tic 

i^jf^  mabri.  Cut,  chipped,  hewn, 

A^M»ikm^f9  mtbadm^  Who  smiles  much, 

Bimpera. 

kuL^  mubasiit,  One  who  spreads.    Mu- 
bastat,  Expanded. 

f^***-^  mabsim,  The  mouth  when  smiling ; 
the  fore  teeth  which  tHea  appear* 

t^AM^  mabsiU,  Spread,  extended,  ex- 
panded, dilated,  stretched  out 

mubihar,  Bejoioed  with  good  news. 

tnuba»hshir,  A  bearer  of  good  news ; 
an  eyangelist. 

^^Lb^  mabik&ik,Who  has  an  agreeable, 
affable,  eheerfiil  ooantenanoe. 

mubsir,  part.  Seeing.     Who  sees. 
Clear,  manifest.   f*^tf^  mubasnr,  Provi- 


dent, penetniting.     Jfn^osMr,   Clear,  per- 
spicuous, made  manifest. 


2y£w«  tnub8ar(U,An  evident  or  convincing 
proof;  an  undoubted  fact. 

Jt^.;*.'^  mubtalf  Abolished,  annihilated. 
Mubtil,  Frustrating,  defacing,  destroying. 

^^;a*^  mubattan,  (A  garment)  adorned 
witii  an  elegant  lining. 

^J^a^  mubtin,  Having  a  large  belly. 

^ya^  mabtUsh,  Seized  by  force. 

^p3.f^  mabiun,   A  distended   belly; 
having  the  cholie. 

j^^Li^  mubtl,  Lazy,  slow.    Late. 

muba^^adf  Bemote,  distant. 

mab^Us,  Sent  Baising  (from  the 
dead),  awakened,  arouaed. 


^yu^  mab^j\  Burst  in  the  bellj. 
mdbgh&d.  Detested,  odiooa. 
mahghn,  Desired,  wished  for,  soagU 


"after. 

mubhf  or  mubJa,  Preserved,  i^ 

served,  remaining  (pL).    uzsVju^ 

HoFMs  continuing  to  run  after  othen  stottj 
with  them  have  stopped. 

jX^  mubiMir^  Doing  anything  earlj  l 

the  morning.     Who  does  anything  early  i 
themooii]^. 

^Xf^  mvbakkl.  One  who  cries  or  mak^ 
cry;  causing  to  mourn.  dJif^xJ 
mubka^  iplayth.  Bewailed,  monnic<| 


Tragi'oomical. 

^L^  miMa^  The  isthmus  of  the  jaws 
the  opening  into  the  throat    Jf»^^,  A  g^Ql 

ton.  MMi\^^  part  Caoaiiig  or  allowing  of 
to  swallow  anything. 

^Ju^  mMagh,  A  sum,  ready  monci 

f^/i^  ^1^^  The  above-mentions 

siun.  Quantity,  price,  produoe;  the  prodQi 
or  quotient  in  arithmetic.  Mubiigk,  Csoas 
or  enabling  one  to  attain  any  object. 

JL^  mubaUil,  part.  Moistening  well 

JjL^  mablud^  Stupid,  ignorant. 

^Ju«  mablu^  Swallowed  up. 

jy^  mablul,  Moistened,  watered.   U 

jy^  Jjf^l  hoMd  al  warai  mablil,  Thi 
paper  is  mcist 

^J^  mubU,  part  Wearing,  tearing,  coo 
suming.    Trying  an  experiment;  tempting. 

^^^^  mabni,  Built,  constraeted.    A| 

edifice,  a  fabric,  a  foundation,    i*^ 

j**Si\j,  (A  word)  ending  in  koira  or 
short  (^).    Mudkf^  One  who  orders  to  bail 

^^^^^^  mUbanfiH,  part  Building, 

ing  (with  expedition  and  well).    A  builder 

J^^   mibwal   (or   Xl^^),    A  uriaa 
Mubicil^What  causes  one  to  make  water. 

^^t^  mubhif,  part.  Exhilarating,  rcjoic 
ing,  recreating.    Luxniiaot  in  herbage,  tc 

dant.    ^Ar^j^  (j^  ^  ^  yd  faA»  »\ 


u 


(329) 


\s^ 


f\  Oh !  vfaat  jojM  news  ! 
J^  rnubMy,  Beaatifying. 

,1^  mMmi,  part  Shotting  (a  door). 

'  JMIm,  Skit  (door).     Ooenlt,   unknown, 
donbtfiL  Anjthuig  proliibited  (as  marriage 

lietYeen  brother  and   sister).      ftJi\ 
^\  The  relatiTe  pronoun. 
c:^wMil,  Stopefied,  astonished, 

S&id  W  with  aatomahment 
aittir,  Fatigued,  breathless. 

,  Passing  the  night,  doing 

lEjtbiv  m  the  mght-tinie    A  bed-chamber, 

viajdnping-plaoe. 

M^  part  Disclosing  (a  secret), 


»- 


^TfBi^  (the  mind).  Allowing  erenr  one  to 
f'^gm  thor  indiaalioB.    Doing  anything  by 

<^  9M,  pert  Destioying,  mining. 

g£^  m^fytfd',  A  Mr  copier. 

^  M^^,  part  Sold  or  bought,  Teoal. 
^f^Xf  put  E^Mong  to  sale,  aelli&g. 

^  aa^  Clear,  manifest    Dedara- 

|aT,e^iiiiatoiy.    Erident,  distinct 

^miofflfiH,  part.  One  who  causes 

^  to  be  diitingimhed  from  error.  •Dinding, 
^t^ting,  dirtangoishing,  explaining. 

cr^l  ^Si\  addinul  mubln.  The  tme 
^  fj*i^j^\  amrun  mui^yin,  An 
endat  thing,    ^^im**  mn^ayyafi,  De- 


<^explaDed,i]lxi8tnted.  Separsted,  dis- 
mboiedudcr  heads.  [imitator. 

^'^  MKd^i^,  part.  A  follower,  an 

^<^  m^d&i^,  Obseqoionsness^  fol- 

'^^.  vaderstanding,  or  imitatmg  one 
*^^;  eoniibrouBg  cmaKlf  to,  saboitting, 
^^*yiBf .  Doing  anything  soUdly^  and  oer- 
^'t  dang  in  the  same  manner  one  thing 


•J^  mnUattl,  -part  Beadj  disposed, 

^^^  £asy.  expeditioos  (bnsineas).  Ar- 
H^  It,  Bce&ig  Dy  chance,  coming  npon 
"nody,  nrprising.  Happeaiiig  BouiTing 
*^i  kindly,  hmaanely;  c<mforming  to 
■way. 

y  >^aieaaMir,  part.  Afflicted,  distarbed. 

*/r'^  mfOdjarahy  To  trade,  to  deal  in 

'^"^■•ee;  to  ^eedato  m  one  or  many 
jntkt.  [one. 

^'^sMtosUtf,  part.  United;  made 


L'ls^  MnAMiUMr,  part.  Delayed,  re- 
tazdiog,  leoediBg,  lagging  behind.    The  last. 

^^•laJ\  ^UjThe  language  of  the 
modems. 

^  Le  mutadkhi^  part  Being  brothers 

or  friends;  acting  or  receiying  as  a  brother. 
Studying  attentirely,  taking  care  of. 

L^j'\s^  wmUuMa,  part  WeU-bred, 
leaned.  [lished. 

^jJ*^  imUaamin,  part.  Signified,  pub- 
icj*\s^  mutaaaa,  part.  Injured,  vexed, 

mm 

offended.  [of  hostilities,  armistice. 

iij&^  mutdrikah^  A  truce,  suspension 

i^jLj\i^  mutaatsif,  part  Afflictedi  groan- 
ing.    Anzions.  * 

^Is^  matd^,  Merchandize,  goods.  Fur- 
niture, clothes,  effects,  utensils.    L«t 

clXJ^.fi,  As  to  thy  saying  that  thou 

art  poor,  there  is  no  occasion  for  such  an  as- 
sertum;  for  all  my  kingdom  and  my  goods 
and  possessions  are  thine! 

%^^\s^  maUL^,  Difficulties,  yezations, 
afflictions,  erils,  misfbrtones. 

j^'l:^  mutaakkidt  part.  Confirming, 
strengthening.  Mutaakkad^  Oorroborated,  re* 
peatM. 

il'ls^  m%KtaaXlif,  part.  CnltiTating  an 

acqnsintanoe.  MutadUaf,  Anociated,  con- 
jomed,  fipBuiar. 

^'l&^  nmtaaUam,  part  Afflicted,  pained, 

sad,  inconsolable,  dueontented,  Griered, 
tronUed. 

*\s^  tmOaak,  part.  (pi.  i^U\s^), 

GonsecntiTe,  following  (especially  one  who 
accompanies  another  in  song  in  a  lower  Toice). 

J^*\s^  mfUaammil,  part.  Contemplaiiye, 
considering,  examining  earefolly.  Considerato. 

^'b^  mtUaammm,  part  Confiding  in, 
secure. 

ij\s^  mat&mU,.  Being  firm,  solid,  fixed, 

constant.  Firmness,  solidity.  A  fortification, 
a  castle.  Obstmacy.  A  pUce  where  figs  grow. 

l1J'\s^  mtUiummMf  part  Of  the  ibmi- 
nxoe  gender.  [miliariaad.    Dooiestic. 

^^*ls#e  muiamnatf  part.  Tamed,  ia 


J: 


(330) 


|J^l&^  mtUaannt,  part.  Behaving  with 

address  and  attention  in  any  affair;  patient 
and  cool  in  transacting  bosindss. 

^j\s^  MatdW'lahj  The  ICataw-lah,  as 

the^r  are  vulgarly  called,  are  supposed  to  be 
ancient  Syrians,  although,  as  a  distinct  sect, 
their  name  does  not  occur  before  the  eLrhteenth 
century.  They  are  distin^piished  nom  the 
other  Mahommedans  of  Syna  as  being  of  the 
Bhi-ito  sect,  t^e  dominant  one  in  Persia. 
Their  principal  possessions  are  in  the  Anti- 
libanus,  and  in  Bilad  Bishara  in  Palestine, 
Balbec  being  their  chief  station. 

L^}*^  mutaawwl,  part  Amemhkd*  Be- 
maining  at  hoiraa.  [pared. 

k-^Jb'UL^  mwiaahhib,  part.  Beady,  pre- 

^)ibAs^  mutaahhilf  part.  Marrying  a  wife. 
Worthy,  proper,  adapted,  suited. 

djAs^  mutaayyad,  3trex^gthened,  estab- 
lished. 

jJLl«  mutahddir,  part.  Making  haste, 

endeaYourinj^  to  get  the  start  of  another. 
Rising,  origmating,  emerging. 

JjLn^  mutabddtl  (fern.  ^i}\^  mtda- 

badila),  Interchangeable,  interchanged.  Alter- 
nate (angles  in  geometry). 

JjL:l/«  mutahdrw,  part.  Striving,  qaar- 
relling.    A  striver,  quarreller. 

CJj\iS^  mutabdrit,  part.  Blessed  (God), 

Tenerable.  Who  liyes  happily  and  comfort- 
ably.   Holy.    Illustrious. 

4^Lx«  mutabdri,  part.  Absolving  one 
another,  dissolving  a  partnership. 

^Ls^  mutabdtl,  part.  Delaying.  Lying 
on  the  side.  [distant 

JtcU".^  mutahd'^id,  One  who  is  absent, 

l^^Lo^   fMUahdghidt    part    Matnally 

persecuting. 

^Ls^  tnuiabdffhi,  part.  Desired,  wished 
for.    Proper,  suitable. 

(JLx^  mutabdl^,  The  residue,  remainder. 

^\^  muiahdhl,  part.  Boasting,  glory- 
ing, [rate,  distant 

^L:v«  muiahdyin,  part.  Distinct,  sepa- 

jO^^i^  mutabahir,  part.  Very  learned. 

matabahkhhir,   part.    Perfuming 
oneself.  [sipated. 

J Jus:^  mutabhaddadf  part.  Dispersed,  dis- 
mutabaddi^f  part  An  innovator, 


inventor,  author*  A  leader  of  a  sect  of  hereticB. 


J  Jus^  mutabaddtl,  part  Chimging,  rali 
stituting. 

j^^*^  muUibauir,  part  ContempUtuii 
attentively;  considering,  prudent, judidooL 

^JLii^  mufdbattl,  part.  Delaying,  lid 
gering. 

^iua.x  mutdba^cod,  part.  Divided. 

jLi/«  muiabattal,  Moistened,  wet 
fjfS^  ma&fi^  pert  pass.  A  lord,  chiel 

loader. 
^1:;;:l««  tnutaUtbi^j    part.   Consecutivi 

successive,  coming  one  after  another. 

^l::::^  muiatdli,  part.  Conseqaeni  Oi^ 
"  foUoving  another  in  regular  sucoesdon. 

_![xL«  muiataliif  part.  Pollowing  on 
"another. 

Jilii^  ffmia9dkil,  part.  Heavy,  slo^ 
Grudj;ing  to  do  any  thing,  and  deeistic; 
Oravitatmg  towards  uie  eartL 

^Il:i/«  tnutoiannl,  part.  Folded,  doubled 
inflected,  complicated. 

yMilsCU  mutajdsirt  part.  Bold,  audacioir 
rash,  courageous,  presumptuous. 

j^l^i«  miUajdwi%f  part  TransgresuDi 
exceeding,  passing  by. 

^£CU  mtUfar,  Commerce. 

i^jS^  ma^'ari,  Commercial,  beloiigin| 
to  commerce.  [pa^ 

mutafoMf  part.   Divided  in' 

mutqfasiid,  part  Incarnate,  en 

bodied ;  corpulent.     Jbwy^^^,  Ii 
corporeal. 

AM*sCL«  muiajaisim,  part.  Corporeal,  ii 

camate,  incorporate.    Having  a  large  h<^\ 
corpulent 

jl^x^  mutajallal,  part.  Covered,  dotbe^ 
Magnified.  ifH^patf*/,pve^ooming,eIcdlioJ 
rising  superior  (in  dignity). 

,JLs^  mutqfaltl,  Illuminated,  enligb 

-  "  [coDcnrt 

mutajammad,  part   Congealed 
mMtakdbf  part.  Mutually  loviDi 

iXil^ull  J^Jk!\  adduwaitdwwtakihhi 
The  Allied  Powen. 

e^l^U  mutahdihl.  Avoiding,  abstaii 
ing  from,  keeping  dear  of. 


ened. 


J 


tr 


(331) 


wmiaJMm,  Indispensable,  abso- 


Jl^  muttMd,  part.    United,    made 

ooe.    JTjLtfu!!  J^jJt  adduwal  id  mut- 
UiM,  The  TTnited  States. 
vlT^   flwiaAaml,    part.    Moved ; 

aoriog    oneself ;      movable.      j«^ 

C/]su,  Immovable,   j^^^^ull  ,^^1, 


^•0^  MttsAoMfii,  part  Hatirnig  to 

pom,  foMfvag  anmsHt    Taking  reftige. 

wi5i«  wMif,  part.  (Hving  a  present, 
mtafmnSmng,  eopsecnitiwg,  deduatiiig. 

m 

J^  iHrfailW,  part.  Certain,  tme. 

jisii  MMUtkattl,  part.  Adorning.   ^«- 

^!al«&',  Adorned  (eBpeeially  with  bracelets  or 
oAff  feoMte  oraamenti). 

Ja^smMmimi?,  part  Bearing,  snp- 
patiog,  nffanag  patiently. 

j^  mukkayjfir,  part.  Astonisbed,  stn- 


p&d,w<nideiing.  \j^\jisd^^^sr^\, 

tiU  mKUka^yirmfiddm,  He  was  stupefied ; 
be  beesoks  Tery  astonished. 


muMojfyhf  CSollected,  compre- 
baded,  iodnded;  poaseasing,  oontaining. 

#^'ccu  mutaik&ilmf  part.    Dispnttng; 

boUisf  aa  sUanation,  litigating.    An  adTer- 
■BT,  u  opposite  party  in  a  lawsuit. 

^'vsa«  mutMdltf,   part    Opposing, 
<)ppQBte.   Adverse. 

^^^  muUMiis,  part.    Taking,  reoeiv- 

a^  i^ectiBg^  ehoosingy  assuming,  associating. 
iTattftUsi,  pint  pass.    Taken. 

^^^  wmUMashiki^f  Endowed  witb 
^smJatj  tad  eompimetion.  [ated. 

u^*c^U  wmtakhauii,  part   Appropri- 

(A^^  sHrfflMfl<g|fJiiJ,  part.  Moved, 

awfflg. 

<^>aa4  awfoJUtfttz,  Passing,  overstep- 

piif  (bounds),  Teataring  (too  far). 

J<^  sta^attaOio/,  part.  Disjointed. 

^^^^mutMtiUi/,  part  Bemainingor 

leftbebiad. 

r.- 

^"^  iNiMua2&,part.  Free,disengaged. 

*    * 

f^  mutkkim,  part  Having  an  indi- 
goiioa.  Osariag  indigestiwL 


mattAoiiMi^,   (Meat)  oormptihg' 

in  the  stomach. 

Jli^  mutakhayyUf  part.  Imagining, 
sQspecting,  fiamoying  (good  or  eril).  JTm^a- 
hhayyai^  part  pass.  Anything  similar  to  an 
idea  oonoeiTed  of  it.  A  cloady  sky.  Think- 
ing hiffhly,  but  fedsely  of  oneself.  Oroand 
ooTerea  with  luznriaat  herbage.  Fantastic, 
imaginary. 

^\jcL^  mutadd^,  part.  Disputing, 
contending,  proToking  one  another. 

J^l  Jc^  muiadawtl,  Passing  current  from 
hand  to  hand  (money,  book^  etc.). 

Jjcj«  muUukMirf  Conndering  with  tt« 
'  tention.    Mutadabbar,  part.  pass.  Regulated, 
disposed  in  order. 

cjXJX^  muiadarra^,  part  Armed  witb 

a  coat  of  mail,  or  qnilted  cotton  rest. 

j;]  jc^  muiadafflk,  part  Spreading  wide, 

orerflowing  (water). 

^  Jc^  mtUadaUitf  part.  Concealed.  Eat- 
ing a  little.  Licking  anything  in  play  (cattle). 

L^iXi^  mutadalUff  part  Approaching, 

see  (^JJ.  [oneself. 

^JA^   mutadahhinf    part.    Anointing 

v^jL*  muUadl,  part.  Receiving  money, 
as  the  expiation  of  homi^de. 

^JCL^  tmUadayt/in,  part  A  debtor. 

cSoSs^  muiaMaM^  part.  Dispersed, 
dissipated  (wealth). 

SSs^^  muiMakkar,  part.  Eemembered, 
recorded,  recollecting,  recalling  to  mind. 

jSs^  muUnakkir,  Calling  to  mind,  re- 
membering, [abasing  himself. 

JJjCL^   muUzatttl,  Humbling  himself, 

uJlyU  tnutara'atf,  part.  Compassion- 
ate ;  mercifhl,  pions. 

ol^  mutarddd,  part  Contending,  driv- 
ing, pushing,  repelling  one  another.  Dissolv- 
ing, any  contract  by  mntoal  agreement 

i^j\jX^  part  of  i^j\jj,  Successive. 

A^t^  mutardkam,  part    Accumulated, 

heaped  up,  condensed.  [wrestling. 

9j]j^  muiardwiffhf   part.   Struggling, 

^1^  muiardhtn,  part.  Depositing 
mutual  pledges  or  wagets. 

^  A/«  matrabahf  Depressing  want     US 


(332) 


■•- 


^jX\^\j\j 


AAi'i\L^j\iiZ^M:j\ 


rLiJl  ^,  When  I  was  journey- 

i  log  on  a  camel's  hump  in  foreign  lands,  de- 
pressing want  having  exiled  me  ftom  my 
country. 

^.j^  mtUarahhi,  Educated,  inBtniotedy 
"  trained,  accustomed. 

im^j:^mutarrattab,  part.  Firm,  settled; 

ordered,  established.    Running  in,  upon,  or 
against ;  springing,  rising.  Sufoing,  lufected. 

^J^  mutarajfih,  part  of  ^y  •  ^r®" 

Tailing,  conquering. 
^jP^jx^   fMUarqfnff    part.    Agitated, 

trembling,   tottering,   moving   to   and  fro. 
Fatigued. 

^ji^  mutarjlfam,  part,  pass*  Inter- 
preted, translated. 

muiarajfl,  part.  Hoping. 

»-^  mtUarahih,  One  who  welcomes 
another,  and  receives  htm  vrith  great  politeness. 

^J^-^  mutarahhm,  part.  Compassionate, 
merdful,  tender,  affectionate.    Pitying. 

JOjL^  mtUaraddad,  part.  Eepnlsed,  re- 
jected, refused.  Mutaraddid^  Opposing,  re- 
sisting, adverse.  Coming  and  gomg,  wander- 
ing, sauntering.  Irresolute,  leoeding,  am- 
biguous, perplexed,  hesitating. 

(jM^  matariSf  Trenches  round  a  camp 
or  castle ;  a  parapet  of  wood,  earth,  etc. 

f^j^  tnutaraahikih.  One  who  has 
caught  cold ;  transuding,  exuding. 

tX^jL^  muiarassid,  part.  Watching,  ex- 
pecting, exploring.    Vigilant,  hoping. 

^jLoj^j%  muiarraddidf  part.  Broken. 

y^jf>^  fniUarraddl,  part.    Contenting, 
"  satisfying ;  begging  anything  to  be  acceptable. 

\^,^ji^  mittaraghghA,  part.  Desiring, 
expecting. 

c^yi^  mutarakkib,  part.  Contemplat- 
ing, observing.  Expecting,  desiring,  vrishing. 
Guarding. 

J>^  muiarakklf  Increasing,  rising,  aug- 
menting by  degnses  (in  quantity  or  in  rank) ; 
reaching,  attaining. 

i^^ji^  mutarakktbf  Composed,  consist- 
ing (of  several  things). 

CJjj^  smUmk  (pi.  fem.  c^l^^^). 
Abandoned,  left,   ol^j/^  matrnkdi, 


(i 


Movables,  anything  left  behind  one  (( 
when  leaving  a  place  or  dying) ;  nam^ 
baggage. 

^,^jL>%  nmiarahM,  Dedicating 

self  to  the  service  of  Ood;  leadings 
life.  [crowding,  ft 

M^lx^  mukudhm,  Collected  in  crov 
jjUiL«  muUudyadf  Incsreased,  mnltip 

Jj|jjj«  fMUaadyil,  Transitory. 

^jp^jZ^  mutmuthMih^  part  Eetirisg 
tant,  absent.  [to^ 

^,Ji»^\z^  miUaMif,  part  Ad 

jjfjjL^  muiaaOyidt  part.  Increasing 

price  of  provisions).    Affixing,  adding  s 
mentary  or  supplement 

^ JjL^  mtf taa^on,  Dresaed,  adornei 

Jj  U&^  mmioBd'tlf  part*  Asking  m 
another.  [gc^ 

cj\mA^  mutasdri^,  part  Hairtening  ti^ 

LSLjl^  miitoAJbY,  part.  Falling  or  tbrov 
ing  oneself  (into  any  place). 

^^L•x«  muiasai^,  part  Equal,  paralU 

^5^M&«  muiiUiarrf,  Haying  a  slsTe  m 
cubine. 

laL*r>^  muta%idU%t,  Arrogating  to  him 
self  the  exerdse  of  power  (over  any  pei«»  < 
thhig). 

ffitt^tocfc,  part  Large,  hroad. 
mti^atti,  part  Imbued,  \sl 


bibing. 

i^\^  mtf tooStfft,  part  A  vicar,  a  locai 

*  tenens,  a  lieutenant  to  the  governor  of  a  pr 

vinoe,  sent  before  to  take  poosessioo  fcr  b 

superior,  and  manage  affura  till  his  sntial 

^L:l^  mtf^oMSl,  part.  ConaoledySatisfiet 

(.i^lliL*  fMOoAaUk,  Perplexed,  inti 
cate. 

iAJ^^z^  wiOtuihdhtk^  part  like,  ran 

bling,  conformable. 

j£\J!uZj9  mutoikd^y  A  peracn  who  pi 

tends  to  be  a  poet,  a  vmter  of  doggitl 
\\Ls^  mukuhdmm^  part  SmeUing,  sno 


fMUaihMUt   pcurt    Graspi 
strongly,  fixing  the  nails  or  cUtws  in  anythij 

jJLi^   mutoiharrad,   part    Disperw 

put  to  flight  P& 

elli^  muiasharri^  part  Skilled  int 


!a&^ 


(333) 


^■^».V.^  muioika^ika^,  Befalgent. 
^jUi^  mutoikaUl^  part.  Complaimng, 

*knct^;  liflietod,  pamed,  diMMed. 

J*.!*»:.<  mtttoikaUhUf    part.    Making 
Titer,  dropping.  tmnally. 

J^^i.&«mi^Md^t(ii^  part.  Ascending  oon- 

j^^^»«  mnUauddif  pari.  Taming  away 
t^«  &tt,  opposbig,  objeedng.  Attemptiog, 
pVBiB^,  oringi  intent  npcn.  Any  inferior 
«ittt«f  gorenment,  deik,  aeoonptant,  etc. 

ui^  iw^Mifrify  P^>rt-  PoeBessingy 

doe^n;,  enjoying.    A  poao— or,  s  nufter. 
^vkm  ii  in  one's  power  or  poeeeerion. 

sJjO^  j^.  What  ia  out  of  ones 

pe«e'  [«  a  lud  in  the  air,  a  fish  in  the  water, 

etc.).     hjA^  i^.     The   thinking 

baHltf. 


*^^^^  mnUatif,  part.    Praiseworthy. 

Qailiikd,eiidiiedwith.  Dewaribed,  describing. 

u'i^  mMuH,  part.  Contiguous,  ad- 

j(9&mg,  adhering.     )LdL«  muiUuiUan, 

Ciesisiially.    Gontignonaly. 

;^iNrfM0iMPfr,pait.  Imi^ning,  eon- 
^^nog.  JfooMnMror,  Imagined.  Imaein- 
I^JMMRiile.    Tndimng,  Teiging,   tenoing 


0*i£ 


|/y  One  who  studies, 

?vntt,  or  Isllowi  oat  the  seienoe  of  mystieal 
P^^^^^Mopby  sad  religion. 

wisLc^  mtOadd^f,   Bouhled   or  in- 

Gased  many  fold. 


wfM^'ar,  part  Bistressedi  op* 
F^  inured,  affliefeed. 

^  tn^ttatUh,  j^art.  Hanifiesty  eyident, 

[jnred. 


CAT. 


j/^  tiuUiiarrarf  part.  Dispersed ;  in- 

{j^  mOadarri^  part  Supplicating. 
t^  mOiadi^  Humbled,  lowly,  re- 


Q**^  mutaiamminj  Contained,  in- 
^^H  eoBlainiiig,  iodnding,  comprehending. 

^^  muiadawufl,    part.    Beceiving 

^tt  (vhea  in  a  dark  plaee,  from  a  neigh- 
^*af  fire,  etc). 

0^  mukoMUa,  Protected^  or  takiog. 
^■taetioa  mider  the  shade. 

^  Mtteslfam,  part  Darkened,  ob- 
•"f*-  Iiqnrsd,  anriered.  Complaining  of 
*^^^*%>»  UppPMiri,  and  demanding  jnstice. 


j\sc^  muia^ahibf  part.   Successive. 

fc3j^j)l  l^Ijcl^,  Coming  suocessiyely. 

JUs^  muta^al,  High,  The  Most  High 

God.    Ifuta^al  (or  ^Ijc^),  Coming, 

approaching.  Asoending'by  degrees ;  appear- 
ing aloft  or  high.    Carrying  oneself  high. 

JJbljCL^  mtUa^hid,  Mutaally  stipulating 
and  coTenanting  with  each  other. 

mtU^,  part.  Fatiguing. 
muta^aibid,  part.  Devout,  religious. 
ixi^  mut^f  Enjoying,  etc.  part.  ^:^. 

Adyantage,  gain,  utility.  Taking  a  wife  on 
the  eonoition  of  dismissing  her  after  a  few 
days'  cohabitation.    Mit^at,  Performing  the 

ceremonies  at  Mecca,  making  the  sacred  visita- 
tion called  ijf. 

^■y^jy*^^   muta^jjA,    part.   Admiring, 
wondering. 

JJmi^  mutacoddid,  part.  Many,  various. 

t^JucL^  muU^addlf  part.  A  transgressor. 

a  wicked  wretch,  a  rillain.  Paanng  by,  or 
from  one  to  another.  Haring  a  contagions 
disorder  (people) ;  dying  one  after  another. 
An  aetiTe,  traasitiTe,  or  caosal  verb. 


J 


muta^anir,  part.  Difficult,  im- 
possible. Stained.  Defiioed.  Making  an 
apology.    Deserring  pardon. 

^/^^  mti^arrii,Meddling,injuriously 
interfering. 

yuK^  m%tta^(U9ir,  part.   Difficult,  im- 
possible, intricate,   hard   to   be   explained. 

^^y»aa^\jlxL^,  Difficult  to  beobtained. 

arduoua.  jy^\  jm*sc^,  Difficult  to 
pass,  hard  to  be  got  orer. 

^^ttLai/e  muta^attuhf  part.  Thirsty,  pre- 
tending thirst  Wishfal,  desirous,  eager, 
curions. 

laaLs  mvtiaM^  part.  Admonished,  re- 
ceiving, and  following  advice. 

^jiiC^  muta^ffin^  Putrid,  stinking. 

j;Lc^  muta^Uih,  part.  Belonging  to, 

depending  niwn,  touching,  concerning.  Sus- 
pended, hanging  to.  Addicted,  dedicated,  at- 
tached. iJL^UUl^  (pi.  fern.).  De- 
pendencies, appurtenances,  circumstances. 

CyJ^aJ;-^  mut^h,  part.  Fatigued,  op- 
pressed; vexed. 

tnuia^ayifinf  nmia^yyan,  part. 


(384) 


!b^ 


Public,  openi  maniftit^  oompioaow*  Gertsiii, 
determined,  constitttted,  appointed,  deputed. 
Following  with  the  eye,  piercing,  influencing, 
or  faadnating  with  malignant  looka.  Pierced 
fill!  of  small  holes  (s  bottie,  bag,  etc). 

_Lic.«  mutoffha^,  part.  Coyered,  hid. 

c,,  Jn  •;  ^  wmta^hdllib,  part  Ealing,  pre- 
dominant,powerfal,8aperior,8eev.;Jjt7. 
mt^a^Aoyyiir,  Altered,  transformed, 
changed.    HataUs.    ^g^  tZJiiAmi 

v/  ^^  Wo  ^--^  «=-«^  ^ 
r««-i-*^J!>J^''  I  took 


my 

parted,  bnt  sne  retuzned  with  her  ooontenance 
changed. 

fJMa^  mutafdni,  part  Destroying  one 
"  another  in  war. 


2Jj\ki^  muiafdwit,  part.  Distinoty  se- 
parate, diitant,  different. 

yjaxr^  mutafahhit,  part.  act.  Inyesti- 
gating,  inquiring,  examining.  An  inquirer, 
an  inquisitor. 

^^^c^  muiafarr^',  part  Contemplating, 
examining,  walking  about,  gazing  around.   A 

spectator.    Jij\j  ^ji^\j^  ^  '^-^  *3Jj 

They  had  prepared  for  themseWes  fire^ts, 
and  they  lighted  the  fires  in  them.  Their 
occupations  were  yarious :  some  cooked,  others 
washed,  and  some  amused  themselyes.  I  was 
among  thoee  who  were  amusing  themselTes. 

t^ijic^  part  SiDgnlar,  incomparable. 

^/MyA:;^^  mutafarris,  part  Judging  finom 
signs  or  appearances,  conjecturing. 

ftyfii^  tnutafarra^,  part.  Produced,  ori- 
ginated, deriyed,  propagated,  effected.  MtUam 
farri^,  part.  Belongmg  to,  depending  upon. 

fjjis^  mutafarrak,  part.  Separate,  dis- 
tinct, different,  divided,  diq;)erBed,  scattered, 
confiised,  dissipated,  ruined. 

Aj^ii^  mutafarrika,  Title  of  a  corps  of 

officers  in  the  olden  time,  who  used  to  be  sent 
6n  missions  by  the  Sultan. 


fj£^  nmttafikt  part  Consenting,  agd 
ing ;  corresponding,  ooncurrinff  (testim(^ 
confederating,  conspiring.  United,  unifll 
Happening.  Nearfy  reiaied  together.  . 
accomplice,  a  conspirator. 

Jja^  matafakkir,  part  Contemplatii 
considering,  tiioughtftO. 

JjlSi/e  mtUakdhHf  part.  Opposite,  md 
ing,  opposing,  or  ftetng  one  another. 

Jb\is^  mutaidtirf^axt.  Dropping,  oonl| 
in  a  train,  one  after  another. 

Af.Ui/s  mutakd^,  part.  Sedentary,  si 

iionary.    Exempted  from  joining  the  amy 
garrison  soldier).    Abttaimng  from. 

aJ&l^  mukLiaidm,  Ancient  anteri^ 
An  andent,  an  ancestor.  A  ohief^  preadei 
principal,  goyemor. 

"(mm^jSz^  mtUakarr^,  part  Approachio 

haying  access  to  a  king,  a  to^  rdatioa 
fiiTounte.    Adjacent^  near,  allied  to. 

*i\3s^  muiaiaUid,  Who  wean  round  tl 
neck ;  who  obeys,  follows. 

^JSs^  muUakinf  Who  knows  for  oertaij 
is  perfectly  oonyinoed. 

^^^a:;^  muHah,  Pious,  deTont,God-fearin 

UILt  muitakdf  A  day-bed,  a  ooucb,  i 
S0&,  a  cushion,  carpet,  or  anything  upon  whii 
people  recline. 

mutakabhir,  part  Proud,  haagbt 
arrogant,  lofty. 

Ji^  muiakajfU,  Who  stands  soret 
becomes  answerable. 

aKx^  miUakdttim,   part.  Speaking; 
speaker,  an  orator,  dedaimar,  adyoeate.   I 
eloquent  orator. 

^J1L«  muttoH,  part.  Supported,  proppe 

leaning,  reclining,  sitting  (especially  upon  t 
heels),  lying  down  to  sleep. 

fj^h>^  mutaldhikf  part  Following 

succession,  in  a  continued  series.      Add*! 
augmented  (one  following  another),     [tiniu 

jjli^  mutaldMik,  part  Contiguous,  001 

^^)L^  mutaldihl,  part  Vanishing,  a: 
**  nihilated ;  yain,  of  no  moment,  worthies. 

fieis,^  mutaldtmf  part  Boziug  one  a 
other,  cuttuigwith  blows.  MutoBUnn,  AgiUI 

asthe waves.  UbtyJI  ^i  ^  ^  (jji» 


(885) 


^ 


^kiit^,  And  ha  proceeded  along  the 

tnek  ibr  dxf§  ad  oigliii,  until  he  appnwcfaed 
I  mniig iei,  agitatad  with  wmtm;  ud  the 
£»tsirks  reached  to  the  ihore  of  theaeoyand 
&eR  ended. 


^fc<aitrfrfdft,part.  Shinizig, 

J^mUaldJ^,  part  Flaying^  amua- 
iasaeaBotka,  foodiiiigaure  or  grief. 

^  mSai,  part  IndigeiioiiSi  natire. 
ilKUiWt  Heredituy  wealth;  alaTea  or 
cattle  tan  in  their  maater'a  honae. 

jii^mdOU  part   CoUeotiiig,   a»- 
ieii%.  iMpingor  wudiiig  off,  preTentiiig. 

«<^  airfihaii,  Enjoying,  delighting 

^ftg  owner  of  thia  piece  ii  in  the  ntmoat 
i&aee,  de|%fating  lumaelf  with  pleeaeat 
•Inn.  ddicioaB  meata,  and  exqmaite  herer- 
i^tf  iIldeMriptione. 

mdUf,  part  Destroying,  mining. 
A  eoQaamer,  aprodigaL 

\J^  mUUamn,    part    ChangeaUe, 
^Ba&,  of  different  edloiin,  Tariona. 
Ji^WjU  maaith\aka,  Insane. 

^i^BK^tnaiypart.  Completing,perfecting. 

V^"^  mitamadif  part.  PereeTering, 
"BiBnaj^  prolonging,  protraeting. 

»^«Ui^  tmUmdwit,  part.  A  hypocrite, 
^opagtobedead. 

;f^  >MMr,  part  Aboonding  in  dates. 

i^  imOutarrid,  part.  Stubborn,  dis- 
«hi£cit,iaBo]ent,ra8li. 

J^  mUamakkm,  part.  Powerfnl, 
^agtreat authority.  Placed,  eatabliahed. 
JmhitBg^  rending.    An  inhabitant. 

f^9Mt4mmm,  part  Completing,  per- 
**|,  A  finisher.  [praying,  eating. 

j^Mrfiiiaimf ,  part  Wishing,  hoping, 

l^^  ^lUawtMPwif, part  Dashing,  foam- 

^mffing,  raging  (aa  the  aea) ;  orerflowing, 
■*apwer.  [ground.    The  text. 

cr*««<«,  A  hard  or  elevated  piece  of 

S;*»»^  muiandisib,  Mntoally  propor- 

P^^iater-proportionate,  weU-proportioned 
^  **P^'  [inoofnaiatent,  ineoograoiu. 

^"^^  wttmt&fif  Hntoally  repnlsiye; 


muiandUd,   Hatoally  contra- 

dictiag;  oontradictory. 

^b^  muUmdhi,  part  Finished,  ter- 
minated, arriyed  at  the  ntmoat  extreme,  gaining 
any  point   Coming,  or  bringxag  intelligenee. 

AjmCL^  mmiatuibhihy  part  Waking  from 
aleep.  Circnmapect,  animadrerting,  taming 
the  attention  towaida,  recollecting,  remember- 
ing, diligent.  fieoelTing  adyioe,  and  profiting 
hyit 

aXa^  mutanaidim,  Bepenting.  LS,^4ii 

^c-Jlu  ^Jlc  C/lfJb  LsAjeP  JJ,  I  re- 
mained in  that  Talley,  repentinr  of  what  I 
had  done,  and  aaid  within  myself,  By  God,  I 
hsTe  hastened  my  own  deatmction. 

^Mis^  muioHa^m,  part.  Ai&nent,  fortu- 
nate, enjoying  the  delights  and  comibrta  of  lift. 

JLs^  muimtaffir,  part  AverBe,  abhorring, 
ahnnning,  flying,  deteating. 

JI:jl«  muianakkalf  Translated,  trans-* 
ported;  copied,  portable. 

^y^^  tmUanawm^  Various,  of  different 

kinds,  aorta,  or  forma.  {Anything)  diTided 
into  (tifferent  parte  or  qnahtiea. 

jj^jf^  muiawdttr,  Suocessiyely,  one  after 

another,  distinctly  (aa  ohronologiea,  qnotationa, 
etc.).  [one  following  another. 

43;tyL«  mmiawdrid,  part  Suocessiyely, 

i^j^f-^  mutowUrf^  part.  Withdrawing, 
lurking,  ahaoonding;  conoeeled,  retired. 

^y^\f^  mutawdMl,  Joined  or  fastened 

together.  Connected  with  one  another.  Jfute- 
umlf  part  act.  Arriying,  proceeding,  coming 
forth. 

9\f^  nuUaw&di^,  part.  Submissiye, 
obedient,  tractable,  humble,  affable. 

\tfL^  mutawdllf  part.  Continued,  suc- 

cesaiTe,  oonaecutiTe,  following  one  after  another. 
A  aect  in  Syria. 

Jl^  muiwdnl^  part,  of  fj\y,  Negligent. 

mtUawwif,  part.  act.  Crowning. 
Matawieqff  part  peas.  Crowned. 

^fj^  mutawe^'thf  Trayelling,  turning, 

or  going  towards.  [atinent,  pious. 

cyjs^  mutawarri^  part.  Continent,  ab- 

^f^  mutawatlin,  Inhabiting,  residing, 
dwelling,  remaining. 


J 


ll« 


(336) 


(^ 


mutawafir^  part.  Many,  numeroiiSy 
plentiful,  copious,  mudi.  [up  tlie  ghost. 

_5^  muiawaffl^  Bead,  defunct,  giving 

^fi-^  mutmowakt  Deured,  wished  for. 

^j^    mutawakka^f   part    pass.    Ex« , 
pected.    Mutatpokkif^,  part  act  Expecting. 

i^JijX^  mutawakkif,  part.  Slow,  tardj, 
delaying,  lingering.  Expecting.  Peneyering. 

jSji^  mutawakktl,  part.  Trusting  in  Ood, 

redning  to  one's  lite ;  placing  confidence  in 
another,  unable  to  manage  one  s  own  affairs. 

tr. 

J^f^  muiawaUadf  Bom,  generated. 


lij^  mutawaUi,  The  superintendent  or 

treasurer  of  a  mosque,  an  administrator,  or 
procurator  of  any  rengious  or  diaritable  fonn- 


lon. 


(^IfL^  muiahalikf  Eunning  headlong 
to  ruin ;  destroying  one  another. 

j^f^  muttaham,  Aoonsed,  arraigned. 

i^fi^  mutahttwunTf  part.  Yiolent,  f onous, 

rash,  inconsiderate.  Rushing  upon,  stumbling, 
ftUing  upon  anything  by  aoodent. 

^^;if>>^   HHdahaifyi,  part.    Eeadj,   pre- 
paring oneself.      CyJ^ar^^yfLxUl^4H 

0hitalik  mtUuhaff^t  UlKarh,  The  king  is  ready 
to  make  war.  [used  interT^tively). 

JL«  mtda\  When,  if  at  any  tune  (nerer 
mX^  nwdayMMrf  Facilitated,  made  easy 


of  aocompUshment,    Beeominff  aocomplished 
without  mffioulty.  [viguant,  attentire. 


I  fnutaydkkUi,  part.  Fradent,caatiou8, 
,^^>-;P^  mutayakkin,  part.  Knowing  for 

oertain.   w  ^**^l  ^\  ^jLp^j^\  aia- 

nitr  muiayakkm  an  asmih  titm,  The  prince 
belieTes  positively  that  peace  has  been  con- 
cluded. 

matin,  Strong  (castle),  firm,  solid. 

k.^jjii\  \ijb  hoMolinarkab  matin, 
This  yessel  is  rery  strong  and  solid. 

c^l^  masdbf  A  place  of  rendezvous 

wfaere  scattered  people  assemble.  A  premium. 
Mwabf  Bewarded. 

^\l^  moB&hat,  A  place  to  which  one  re* 

turns  again  and  again.  An  inn,  a  carayansera. 
Stones  projecting  round  a  well. 

Jll^  misdl,  Similitude.     An  example, 


model.  A  form,  figure,  mode,  manner,  deM 
quantity.    History. 

Jli^  tnoidl^'  (pi.  of  li^).  Ice-cellar 

tj\t^  masdni,  The  first  section  (of  til 

Alcoran).  (JluSt.ThewholeAlcoJ 
The  two  knee  and  hind-leg  joiots  of  cattle. 

jjL-^mt^  mushit,  part,  (or  c:>»^^l^),  Estal 

lishing,  fixing,  confirming,  ratiMng,  girij 
a  sanction  to.      Knowing   witn   certaid 

d^^  musabhatf  part.  pass.  EsU] 

lished,  confirmed,  written.     MutMiu 
act.  Reducing  to  writing.    Fixing,  establ 
ing,  proving,  etc. 

^\3t^miMl,  Adrachmandahalf  weigl) 

^-.^fi^^  matkah,  A  wimble  or  other  boriz 

instrument,  v^y.^flt^  mfuakkib,  par 
Perforatmg  often,  piercing  full  of  holes. 

Ja^  mttikU,  part.  Oppressing,  dittres 
ing,  afflicting  (as  a  heavy  load,  sleep,  dia»j 

guilt,  etc.).  fjh^  mtuakkH,  per 
OTerlooding.     Muaakkaly  part  pss.  (f^ 

iliil/s).  Oppressed,  heavy  laden. 

J2l«  moMi/,  Being  like,  equal,  resen 
bling.  A  fable,  tale,  parable,  apologue,  pr 
verb,  adage,  example,  comparison.    Aiifi 

equal,  resembling,  ^di^  midfu^n  (( 
i^  I  JJb),  This  resembles  it,  it  is  it 
same  with  that,  lli^.  For  exanpli 
JHuil,  Similitude.  Alike,  equal.  J^ 
iil^  J,  Like  to  this,  the  same  with  tha| 
u-iU  J^  iZ^l.  CSleJ<  ^\^  J  V^ 

CuU  tt.  And  they  said.  If  the  Sic 
has  died,  he  has  left  this  ingenious  prinoe,  s^ 
be  who  has  left  such  as  be  is  not  dead. 


miM/w,  part  Amounting  to  thif^ 

mtuMu,  part.  Triaognlal 
triple.  MmalUu,  part.  pass.  Triangular, 
triangle. 

.<^  mudif,  part  Snowy  (day);  sno^^ 
ing ;    doing   anytiiing   in   snowy   weatl^ti 

is!*^.  An  ice  or  snow-oellar. 

ffisMmtir,   part.   (A  tree)   bearizj 
fnit  Opulent,  increasing  in  wealth.  Yvoth 

bearing  plenty  of  fruit  jAt^j^  (fee 
ijAt^j^\  Unfruitful,  boixen,  sterile 


\^ 


(837) 


.yiiLt  m^umm,  part  Conauiing  of  eight. 

^u^  mnmmmn,  part  Ootangniar, 

^it-feU.  Makiiig  IE  tbe  Ibnn  of  an  octagon. 
JfiMwiw,  Eight  timm  doubled. 

j^  MMiHwI  or  flMfiMvf ,  Ehyme, 

poetxyvlien  the  weond  line  of  ererr  diitich 
i^rpa  wftk  the  nme  letter.  A  Dook  of 
aaid  tonne  writttn  in  tkis  speeies  of  metre. 

j^  mm'  (pi.  J^)f  Two  and  two. 

'IW  lodiBg  of  a  river,  ete.  The  leoond 
€bed  earing  of  a  lute.    A  diftich.    Mami, 

MU,  hided.  ^^Il^  muMfHif ,  part. 

lUii^tfA,  donhfiog.  (A  noiin^  of  the  dual 
naiiff.  Mmmmtiy  part.  poe.  Boidiled,  two- 

H  HiiiBg  no  equal,  inoonmarable. 
*J^  ^tyaiarat.    Favour,    kindness, 

Im  %i%««  ul  mtffiimrak.  He  treated  Bie 
vi^tlkegrMtatkiiidiieaB. 

^^H^fiif^SilMiki^,  Contending/fight- 

^  Bg,  pahing.    Beotraining,  pierenting. 
'^f  mufdda^,    WrangHng,    die- 
IjH  nproeehing,  reriliBg. 
UmI  ^jIb*,  The  heavenly  Inminaries. 

Wir«  mt^ddakt,  ControverBy,  oonten- 
.^fiVite.  [another. 

^J'f*    my<irdila<,     Wounding    one 

i^'^f*  M^ri  (pi.  of  ^js^)f  Accidents, 

^y^  occorreneei.  Str^Lms,  cnrrentB.  Run- 
%<  f"ng»  proceeJiug  (along  with  another). 

;<  M^iii,  A  way,  a  paeaage.    ififfiSf , 

^^"utted,  lawMy  eonyenient.     (Or 

'j^)»  A  metaphor,  simile,  allegory. 

J|J**fcl  word  or  action.  Feigned,  politieal, 
*^%f  npofidal,  pro&ne  (oppoeed  to  diyine 

«*«).  IjLr*  mufdsuin,  Metaphorically. 
*?«la«By,  inaneerely. 

J"^  "9<^sd^»  Compensationy  reqnital 
•'MoreviL    To  lewari    ^  JUi 


t  *  l^Jx,  And  the  fox  replied,  I  hear 


and  obey.  I  will  abataitt  from  that. which 
pleaaeth  thee  not ;  for  the  wine  man  has  said, 
CUre  not  information  on  a  sabjeot  reepeoting 
which  thon  art  not  questioned,  and  repW  not 
to  words  when  thon  art  not  requested.  Leaye 
what  cottoemeth  thee  not,  to  pay  attention  to 
that  wldoh  conoemeth  thee;  and  lavish  not 
advice  upon  the  wicked,  for  they  will  reward 
thee  for  it  with  eviL 

i^lfi^  mafdsfyMetaphoric,  hyperbolical, 

not  true,  fiaigiied,  insincere  (love).  PoUtioal ; 
pro&ne;  superficiaL  Jfi^Hs',  part  Becom- 
penaing.  [▼igour,  skill,  force. 

Jlar*  fMQdlt  Power,  strength,  ability, 

^^Isr*  n^&lu  (pi.  of  ^/-JuB^),  Con- 
ferences, assemblies,  convivial  convenations. 
Sessions.     Mv^lu^  part   Sitting  together. 

£JLp^,  An  assembly,  conyersation,  etc. 

w^Lr^  majUmi^  (pi.  of  wt^sr^).  Con- 
gregations, [cubitus,  coitoa. 

Jui/eLsr^  m¥j&ma^  (pi.  c:.^W«Ls^),  Con- 

\i\jB^  mq^dfumt  Gratis,  gratuitously. 

4JLb^  mufdnahat,  Avoiding,  keeping 
away.  [a  speaker,  a  proposer. 

c^^Lsr'  mufdwih,  part.  An  answerer, 

ij^\M!^muidwai^,  Answering  each  other, 
an  altercation.  [near. 

jp^lar^  mufdwtr,  part.  A  neighbour;  living 
JjLsr^  mufdwiz,  part.  Passing,  transgress- 
ing, exceeding  bounds.      J^lj^ltcr*, 
Immoderate,  excessive. 

jULs^  mafdhdt,  Boasting. 

jjbljs^  mufdhid,  part  A  warrior  (espe- 
cially in  defence  of  religion) .  One  who  labours 

or  endeavours.  ^  JJbLcr*,  Fighting  for 
the  faith  against  infidels.  Striving,  labouring. 

iytXjB^  mufdharatf  Conquering,  prevail- 
ing over.  Reproaching,  railing  at.  Readiag, 
speakinff,  calling  with  a  loud  voice.  Carrying 
onopenhostilitiin,  being  an  undisgoised  enemy. 

mufhir,  part.  Forcing  unwillingly. 

mufabhtr,  part.  One  who  sets  bro- 
ken bones. 

mqfhUr,  Constrained,  forced.  Con* 


solidated  (as  a  broken  bone).    Re-established 
after    being    in     distressed    circumstances. 

22 


(338) 


J:\^\j^^jB^,  And  he  has  been  with 

me  two  yean,  Beptnted  from  hif  eoontrj ;  it 
is  mj  daire,  tfamfore,  Huit  we  should  prepare 
for  him  meichandise,  that  he  may  depart  witii 
satisfiu^tioii  in  his  hout. 


ijj^fjs^  majhikriyah,  Gonstrainty  neces- 
sity. The  state  of  one  who  is  eompeQed  to  do 
something,  or  is  nnder  the  neeessity  of  doing 

it.  i^^\£JlacJy3i.jL-LJJ^ 
*0^)  ^\,  I  regret  to  be  nnder  the 

necessity  to  inform  yon  that  .... 
ij^fje^majhul,  Formed  by  nature,  innate. 
mtff'iahl,   part  act.   SeLecting, 


choosing.     CoUectuig.     M^UAa^  part  pass. 
Elected,  chosen. 

mn^tarmy  part  Guilty,  acknow- 

away,    aeiiing. 
[eonrage. 


lodging   a    crime. 
Catting  off. 


Taking 

mujiaH^  part  Bold,  getting  fresh 

mujtiu^  or  ^jttMr.jr^   mi^'taiit, 

Dart  Touching,  handling,  feeUng  (the  poise). 
Inquiring  alter  or  getting  intelligence. 

(-^JbLsr^  muftalib,  part  Carrying  from 

place  to  place  (especially  sUres,  cattle,  etc.), 
for  sale. 

^JcL^  mttfiali,  part   Seeing  a  bride 

adorned  and  nnreiled.  Unrolling  the  torban 
sash. 

w4CLf^    mujiami^    part    Assembling, 

coming  together.  A|preeing  in  the  same 
opinion.  [chning,  shnnning,  flying. 

mujiambj  Abstaining  from,  de> 
mujtatd^  part  Collecting. 

m^tahidf  part  EndeaTonring  to 
oonceiye  or  perform  anything.      *Jb 

tmkid  jiddtn  ft  UktH  «/^«/Sin,  He  is  ezoes- 
sively  applying  himself  to  aoqnire  a  knoided^ 
of  the  saences. 

mmjiy  Glory,  grandeur,  greatness, 
sptendonr.  The  honour  detired  from  ancea- 
tors.     Pndsing  (God).     Excelling  in  glory. 

«Xf^  c»^'^Up,  a  glorions  and  magni- 
ficent lord,    jr Jws-^ Jofj,  Kay  his  glory 

increase. 

mt^'idd,  part  Solicitor,  one  who 


Uhoun  diligently  to   accomplish   anything. 
Doing  one's  endeaTour,  stretdung  erery  nerre. 


y-J^ 


i\: 


%*9   vvwK   l^l^vWv^ 


/tddtn  ft  ioHk  a/  mmr.  He  is  eicwdingljidi 

in  that  business.    l^\  ^\J^\  JU 

ji\^\,  0  king,  said  the  youDg  ma 

if  then  hast  been  aaleep,  awake,  for  there 
hetween  thee  and  thy  city  the  dirtsnoe  (^ 
year's  journey  to  him  who  tn? dleth  with  i 
greatest  diligence. 

J  Jur*  mMJaidid,  part  Benewing,  m&lu 
afresh.    Mt^addady  part  pass.  Beneved, 

paired.  UJusf  mt^'itddadau,  Aga: 
afresh,  newly.  [the  snan-p 

Ml 

uJjur*  mufaddif,  A  blasphemer. 

Jjksr^  wu^dal,  A  troop  or  body  of  m< 
Mffdalf  A  Strang  castle. 

c^  Jusf*  mofduh.  Drawn,  extended, « 
stncted,  attracted. 

i^\ss^  mifidf,  An  oar. 
f^ijsi*  ma/sUb,  Drawn,  attracted. 

BT*  majgAbtyahy    The  quality 

•  J 

being  able  to  be  attracted.  See^-^l 
jaukiyky  The  attracting  power. 

AjJus^  Mo^fiffi,  Having  the  leproey. 

i^ysr*  mwjmrrtb,  part  Trying,  proril 

making  an  experiment  M^fttmb^  £ip 
skillea,  Tersed.    FraTcd,  examined. 

lysr*  wMJmiraiy  The  galaxy  or  milky  «^ 

J^isr*  fM^arridy  part.  pros.  Laying  bf 

stripping  naked.  Mujmrrody  part.  pass.  Sti 
Solitary,  vniqne,  alone,  nnmamed.    0 

solely.  «-J^l  ^^  JjIj^  j^^  I 
j^J  Ij  JlJ^  ^y  ^  ^U  i^j 

c^Kll 'ijtb (^j^ \^'dS^ ,  And  when 

hehdd  them  with  the  drawn  swords  in  t 
hands,  he  called  out  to  his  people,  ssjiofr. 
woe  to  yon!   Take  ye  the  headi  of  these  d 

iij^  m^rafiU,  A  wooden  shorei  v 
which  they  clean  streets.  [nal,  col 

(^yf^  Mtj^TMi,  part  A  nudefactori  cri 
rx;^  tfuyHU,  Wonnded. 

•^•j^  m&jrikdf  Tom  off,  skinned, 

harked,  peeled.  Infested  hy  locusts  (groi 
Having  the  bsUy-adie  from  eating  locut! 


*ri> 


r^ 


(839) 


o%f^  Ri^irf,  part  Causing  to  flow  or 

noL  ii  ezeentar,  one  wlio  cuieB  any  order 

wbeobcjei 

jjSi*  mfTM,  A  channel^  canal,  aque- 
doet    U!l^^^,   A   water-conrBe. 
jd\  jjt;  The  bed  of  a  riyer. 
^/t*  wtpi^,  part  Striking  with  terror. 

jjsf*  mtpH,  part  Liberal,   giving  a 

docatioi.  [marked  withyosma  (^}. 

^x<  fl^^ifli,  Cat,  amputated;  abrupt; 

f^  mfutm,  part.  Inoamate.     Mu- 
pet  pML  Ineorponfted;  ooipaleiit; 


^  wdja^  part  Curling  (hair). 

^  m^^  See  J»-  -^*t^*  pa'^- 
Makmf,  performni|P,  causing,  eonstitating, 
SiiB^tJupriMof  wxrar.  ete. 

Ifs^  tuj^id,  Constituted,  effected. 

^  mif/iZ7,  part  Bavering,  magnifying, 
(asadeiiB;  as  Ohiteioiis  or  estunable. 

^  m^Md,   part    A  book-binder. 

XifoBti  put  pan.  Bound  in  leather  (a 
^).  One  book,  a  bound  Tolnme. 

\A^m(9lii,  An  assembly,  oongrega- 
tisB.  eoBTentioii,  eongren,  ooimdl,  eonsistory, 
avirttl  meeting,  oonTersation.  The  time 
Oil  plfttt  of  asBembling,  etc.    A  jndgment- 

ft*  M;7fiip,  Polished,  splendid.  A 
^  idonied,  vitb  her  &ee  nnreiled. 

j^f*  iM^dffl,  part  Polishing.     Illas- 

tcag,  eipkimng,  dedaring  one's  thoughts. 
J^^i^iDirtpaH.  Ulnstrated,  manifested. 
^E^^^rarb2SDed,made  clear,  dean,  or  bright. 

^  m^iMioi,  part.  pass.  Congealed. 

l^  nijmar  and  ijA^,  A  censer  for 
■ecatt,  a  ^afing-ftih. 

^^  au/iRtf^  and  tiu^i^t  A  place  of 

'"A^.  A  eonooaxse,  crowd,  oonyention, 
''Hngatigo,  meeting.     A  book  of  miscel- 

«itt,  a  magazine,  {•^j^^  f*^» 
^  cotttBoee  of  two  riTers.  Mt^mif^,  part 
^Hecting,  containing,    eto. 


^■^'nuij  part  pass.  Collected.    EesoWed, 

^  ■'^  iBitmkled,  conTened,  contained, 
^r^  iM/ai«ja<  (or  9y«^)>  A  col- 


lection, minellany,  magaiine,  a  compendium, 
etc.  [furious. 

^y'^  mqfnUn,  Foolish,  insane,  mad, 

ij^  mffffil,  part.  Gathering  fruit.  (A 

tree)  having  fruit  ripe  for  pulling.  Bipe 
fruit  Ground  abounding  in  frmti^  corn, 
herbage,  ete.  [grammar). 

jysr^  fnufaunoM,  Permitted,  tolerated  (in 
{jMyB^  mc^iUt  The  Magi  or  adorers  of 

fire.     ^...tyT^,   The  religion  of  the 

Magi  or  priests  of  the  religion  of  the  ancient 
Persians.  This  religion,  which  is  not  yet 
entirely  extirpated,  was  materially  reformed 
and  renoTated  by  the  famous  legislator, 
Zoroaster  or  Zerdnsht  The  life,  and  even 
the  epoch  of  the  birth,  of  this  great  reformer 
are  involved  in  the  utmost  obscurity ;  but  the 
preferable  opinion  seems  to  be  that  he  flour- 
ished about  the  6th  century  B.a  He  incul- 
cated the  doctrine  of  an  eternal,  self-existing. 
Supreme  Being,  frt>m  whom  every^ing  else 
has  its  origin ;  and  from  whom  are  sprung  two 
antagonist  powers — Ormusd,  the  source  of  all 
good,  and  Ahriman,  the  source  of  all  evil ; 
of  which,  however,  the  former,  though  this 
point  be  extremely  obscure,  is  destined,  in  the 
end,  to  obtain  the  ascendancy.  The  doctrines 
of  original  sin,  the  immortality  of  the  soul, 
the  happiness  of  the  ^>ood  and  the  misery  of 
the  bad  in  another  hfe,  are  all  laid  down  by 
Zoroaster.  But  the  distinctive  feature  in  the 
reli^on  of  the  Persian  sage  is  the  extreme  vene- 
ration paid  to  fire,  Uffht,  and  beat,  which  he 
regarded  as  symbolical  of  the  Divinity. 
*'  O'eat  par  lui  que  tout  respire  ;  la  terre  lui 
doit  sa  fecondite;  1' animal,  eon  existence; 
Tarbre,  sa  v6g6tation.  Non  settlement  il 
anime  les  dtres,  il  forme  encore  leuis  rapports, 
et  son  action,  par  consequent,  n'est  pas  moins 
ancienne  que  le  monde.*  (Pastoret,  Zoroaster 
and  Confricius,  p.  30.)  Herodotus  says  tiiat 
the  ancient  Persians  neither  erected  temples 
nor  statues  to  their  gods,  but  sacrificed  to  them 
on  the  tops  of  mountains,  o^  other  high 
places.  (Herod,  lib.  i.  cap.  131.)  They  h^, 
also,  the  singular,  and,  as  it  appears  to  us, 
barbarous  custom  of  ezposinf  tne  bodies  of 
the  dead  to  be  daroured  by  oirds.  (Herod, 
lib.  i.  eap.  140.)  Niebuhr  distinctly  states 
that  this  custom  was  observed  in  his  time  by 
the  Parsees  at  Bombay.  (Voyage  en  Arabic, 
ii.  93.)  The  Magi. had  great  influence.  The 
Zmd  Aveata,  the  most  important  work  on  the 
religion  of  the  Parsees,  was  translated  and 
published  in  three  vols.  4to.  by  Anquetil  du 
Perron  in  1771 ;  but  it  is  believed  by  some  of 
the  ablest  critics,  that  the  most  ancient  portion 
of  this  work  is  long  posterior  to  the  age  of 
Zoroaster. 


majawwaf,  part  pass.  Hollow, 
vaulted,  concave.  [gems. 

mtifawhar,  Adorned  or  set  with 


l^ 


(840) 


U^ 


mujoKKagf  Equipped,  fitted  out; 
rigged  and  armed  (a  ship). 

J^^^  majhiid,  One's  utmoBt  ability. 
JjfB^  mqfhulf  Unknown.    The  passive 


Toice. 


i^cr*  mqfi,    part.    Coming,    atriying. 
Bringing,  adducing.    ArriyaJL 

w^  mufibf  part.  Listening  to,  grant- 


ing, complying  with,  consenting.  An  auditor. 
Oiring  an  anawer. 


Juicr*  tnafld,  Saored.  Glorions,  honour- 
able, noble.  Ouj«^\  ^7^^  The  most 
glorionf  God.  *  [preerion. 

j0js^  mm^ry  part.  Protecting  against  op- 

mnQlg^   part.   Permitting,  giving 

leare,  approring.  Granting  tiberty,  giring 
i^narter.  Learinj^  behind,  reunqnishing.  Cut- 
ting  off.  Allowing  to  eome  and  |[0.  Send- 
ing, tranimitting;  diamiwing ;  giring  way; 
canaing  to  penelnle. 

{Ji^iS^  mujaffifM,fBTt.  Baisinganarmy. 

wsr^  tnafi^,  Milk  and  dates.  Muft^ 
part.  Starring,  clinging  with  hanger. 

imMBT*  fnuflff  port.  Concave,  hollow. 

Penetrating  to  a  cavity  (when  digging,  etc.)* 
Shntting. 

bls:^  muhdhd,  Bespeot,  regard.  Wink- 
ing at,  connirance. 

^liT^  muhdhahat,  Loving,  showing  le- 
'  gard,  cultiTafting  friendah^. 

^_"*^^^  muhdhlh  (pL  of  (mm^^T^  or 
fem.  ^4*^^^),  Lovers,  friends,  mis- 


M     « 


muhdjlfai,  Pleading   a    cause; 
bringing  proofii. 

S^lsr*  muhdjioat,  Prohibiting,  taking 
one  from  another  (to  prevent  fighting). 

ljj\s:f^  muhddatat,  Conversation,  narra- 
tion. 

ifl  jlsr*  muhdidt,  Answering  to;  opposite. 

v^jlf^  mahd%l,  Opposite  objects. 

i^j{sr^  muhdrtb,  part.  A  warrior,  a 

combatant.     ^j\x^  n^uhdrahat,  War, 
battle,  combatb 

JjW*  muhdri%,  part.  A  keeper,  gnardian, 
goTemor. 

^^W«  muhdrim'{^\.  of  JU^^r^),  Things 
unlawful. 


\ss^  muhdiib,  part.  A  keeper  or 
settler  of  accounti ;  calculating,  computing., 

LmAsr^  muhdiohai,  Computation,  calcu- 
lation. 

LAs:^  m%hd$taif  A  cuny-oomb. 

^Ur«  mMLnn  (pi.  of  ^^^**^>-)9  Good 
workSflaudable  actions,  rirtuea,  merits,  benefits. 

^LiJ\,\ >1  Jij\ ^  ^\  j^^  ^j 

JUOtj,  There  was  not  one  of  the 

children  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  city,  men 
and  women,  that  talked  not  of  the  charms  of 
that  boy,  for  he  was  of  surpassing  loTelinesa 
and  perfection. 

jtAsT^  mahdiir,  part.  Surrounding,  be- 
sieging. ijAmi^  muhdiorat,  A  si^ge, 
droumyaUation,  blockade. 

LW*  muhdt,  part.  pass.  Surrounded, 
comprehended. 

laiW*  muhdJU,  part.  A  commander, 
goTcmor,  defender,  guatd,  keeper. 

£laiW*  muAdfauatf  Custody,  preserva- 
tion, guardianship.  J^S  LtJiW  iyii\ 
jLII  a^U^  al  hiuHii  aidtdmah  U  oftZ 

mithdfaMt  al  bilSdf  The  force  necessary  for 
the  defence  of  the  country. 

Jj  lsr«  moAo/ff  (pLof  Jis^ ),  Assemblies. 

jUr^  mahdh,  Total  disappearance  of  the 
moon  at  the  end  of  a  lunation. 

i4^\s^muhdkamaif  Citingbeforeajudge. 
Jlfi^  mahdl  (and  Illd^),  Fraud,  art, 

machination.     ii\sf*i,  Undoubtedly. 

Muhdl,  Impossible,  absurd.    L^  UjJ 


JUr*  IjJjJl  ^,  We  alighted  here, 

then  we  departed :  such  is  the  world  (such  ia 
life) — a  landing  followed  by  departure.  And 
yet  men  think  wat  there  is  permanency  in  the 
world,  whilst  the  permanency  of  men  in  the 
world  is  a  mere  impoMbiUty. 

CLJjIUr*  muhdldt  (pL  fem.  of  JW* 

muhai),  Impossibilities. 

AflllsT*   muhdla/ai.    Entering    into    an 
agreement,  confirming  by  oath. 


(341) 


«uU^  mnkimai,  Ltndftble  actidns,  etc. 
ij^  imAiiMrai,  A  dialogae,  conver- 

mMib,  part  A  loTer,  a  friend. 
jjUI  w^  or  ^jA^\  w^, 

ftiod,  ft  node   <tf  sabMriUng 


tumBir  letten).  * 
pan.|n.Bel0T6d. 

a%  baerolaiod.     JJ  ^1  ^^..^JlcI 

\^.  Ui  jLcui  4^,  0  my 

■Afffbow  tint  I  have  remembered  a  damsel 
0^  Ae danliitf  the  tea,  iiBlaUe  to  thy  ton ; 
te  I  far  to  mealioa  ber,  lert  thj  son  sbould 
h  snke,  nd  his  heart  should  oe  entangled 

by  tow  «f  her. 

)j^mMM$,A  priam,  plaoe  of  can- 


i^  mMH,  part.  Impr^nating. 

H^t^  wtakM,    3eloTedy    amiable, 
tffcimsie,  beantifiiL  A  swectfaesrt,  nustnss, 

Vy  cJL&^  Wr^»  '^^  ^  beloyed 

y  to  pot  on  ber  dress,  and  fonnd  it  not. 
1  baegpoB  ibe  eried  oat,  and  slapped  ber  fsee^ 
/adtoreberdotiue. 

'^.^  mMM^ah,  AmiabiUty.     The 
!■%  of  OM  who  incizes  loTe  in  ererj  one. 

y  "bred,  vbo  is  possessed  of  the  q[nality  of 
*^anf  lore  in  erery  one. 

fk^mMu,  Detained, anreated,  oon- 

^a^riaoDed. 

1^^  mahidj\  part.    Necessitoas,   in 
v«to(  indigent   U-b.^^  uu^  U^ 

j>i>>  ^  ^JL-Jl  c:^^  jJUJI 

v^fiot  in  vsBt  of  snytbing,  either  of  money, 
^9i,  tr  Berabiiidise.  I  repented  of  my 
^*^  gone  forth  firom  my  air,  and  set  ont 
«»'»Jip»wttie8sa. 


muUdi,  part  Borronnded,  be- 
sii^ed. 

Jli^r*  muhtdl,  part.  A  deceiver.     *Jb 

^j)l:[Lsf*  Aiim  iMcMl/aii,  They  are 
▼ery  artfiiL 

^/^^s>^  muktahtif  part  act  Containing, 
imprisoning,  detaining.  MuhtabM,  pazt.  pass. 
Contained,  detained,  imprisoned. 

UyAfCVa^  ifitfA^ad,  part.  Veiled,  retired, 
seqaertered. 

fnuhiadd,  part.  Keen,  Teh^nent, 
fierce  (in  anger  or  in  battle);  precipitate, 
impetoons.  [ing. 

IT,  part.  Shunning,  cantion- 

muhtart%,  part   Safe,  caatiooa, 
earefnl. 

yj^^Js^  mMaroi,  part.  pass.  Guarded, 
preserved.      MuktaH^  part  set  Gnarding 

i^ainat.     \j^  trj^  (^J^  *^* 

r^tf/  muktaritjiddan,  He  is  a  very  careful  man.  . 

y^^^  muhtarii,  part.  Full  of  derire. 

Stndiovs,  stndying  or  endesTonring  to  do. 
J/'J^  rniMaridt,  part.  Sondled,  burnt. 
j^j:,s:^muhiaramf  part»  Honoured,  vener- 

able,  sacred,  reyered.    CJ^JjXa  ^^ 

d^j\je>    J  c,,.^juiH,  And  at  the  upper 

end  of  that  chamber  was  a  great  and  Tcner- 
able  man,  in  the  aides  of  whose  beard  grey 
bain  had  begun  to  appear. 

muhianm,  part  Sorrowful. 

nmhtsM,  part.  The  superin- 
tendent of  provisions,  who  examines  the 
welghtS)  etc.    An  accountant 

wS^s:^  muhtoihm,  part.  Bashful  (from 
respect).  [arms,  embracing. 

muMadinf  part.  Taking  in  the 

muhtaj»,  Fieserving.    Cautioua. 

muMaJU,  part  Assembling,  meet- 
ing together. 

mtihtakir,  part  One  who  despiie% 
Muktakar^  One  who  is  demised. 

J^:.^^  muhiMr,  One  who  keeps  back 

provisions  from  market  in  hopes  of  creating  a 
scarcity,  and  selling  deer. 

J^si^  muhtaUm^  part.  Dreaming. 
J^4Aaf^  m¥iM0malf  part  Suspected,  cob- 


(342) 


jeotnred.    Hoped  for,  probable.    MMamilf 

part.  act.  Sofferizig  patiently.  izJLiS^^ 
muMamilat,  Things  poesible. 

^^^c^*^  muhtami,  One  who  avoids  hurtful 
articles  of  food,  or  diet 

i^jr^  Muhiawif  part.  Collecting,  as- 
sembling, comprehending,  embracing,  ooea* 
Pying. 

-p.Ls^^  mihfdj,  A  quarrelsome  litigious 

man.  An  instniment  for  lerelling  or  smooth- 
ing ground. 

-js^  mahfar^  The  circuit  of  a  town  or 

territory.  The  socket,  enTirons,  or  oomer  of 
the  eye.    Stony,  rocky. 

J.s^^  muhajjali  (A  horse)  having  one 
hind  foot  white  (if  all  the  four  are  white  it  is 

expressed  by  ^,J^  t)-?^*  I^  t^®  *^o 
hind  and  one  fore  llM\  JsF^,  If 

the  hind  right  ^^y^l  J-f^*  ^® 

leftc^r;M*J1  iJi:F^),Muhajlfal,  Shining, 
splendid  (applied  to  the  blest  in  heayen). 

^'ys:^  tnahfuh  (fern.  i>s:*^),  Veiled, 
coyered,  retired. 

Ci^Jcfir*  muhdih,  part.  Giving  a  propen- 
sity or  inclination.  Making  hnmpbaeked; 
raising  the  back:  making  anything  gibbons 

or  convex.  L^*Xsf*  tnuhadtM,  part, 
pass.  Gonrex,  gibbons. 

K^jJkK^  muKdis,  part.  An  inventor,  an 
innoTator,  a  oontroverter. 

CjA<*^  muhaddu,  part  A  narrator,  re- 
later.    An  anthor  who  treats  of  the  acts  and 

words  of  Muhammed.  (^«X^  muhdoi, 
Created,  not  eternal ;  new,  recent  (not  ancient). 

JA&^  muhaddad,  part.  pass.  Limited. 

JJl^  muhaddid,  A  tracer  of  limits  and 
boundaries. 

i^A^  mahdud,  Limited,  bounded;  few 

in  number,  small  in  extent.  ^  J^iX^ 
mahdudiyah,  Determinateness. 

Jk^  mah%Ur,  A  defect  to  he  guarded 
against,  an  objection. 

mahzitriyah,  Caution.     Terror. 

uJjiXc^  mahsmf,  Taken  away,  out  off 

(as  a  syllable  from  a  word,  or  a  foot  from  a 
Terse V  Understood,  not  expressed  (a  word) ; 
elided  (a  letter). 

1.«r^  mthrdh,  The  principal  place  in 


J3 


^.J3 


a  mosque,  where*the  priest  prays  to  the  people 
with  his  fJEU^e  turned  towards  Mecca ;  a  kind 
of  high  altar.  The  chief  seat  at  an  enter- 
tainment, etc    The  royal  closet  or  chamber. 

d^Lsr^  miJirdkf  A  coal-rake  or  malkin 
for  ovens. 

jjS^  fnuharrir,  part.  A  Writer,  account- 
ant. IfMAorrar,  part.  pass.  Written,  inscribed. 

y^jS^  nwhrik,  part.  Incentive,  giving 
warmth,  burning.  Muhrak,  Inflamed,  burn- 
ing. iSjSi^,  A  whole  burnt-offering, 
a  holocaust 

il^^s^  muharrik,  part.  Moving,  putting 

in  commotion.  A  mover,  a  persuader.  An 
inciter.   Marking  (a  consonant)  with  a  yowel. 

i^^Jsi^,  The  movable  power.  \lSjS^ 
^L:ji!l,  An  exciter  of  sedition.  CS^j^ 

jluuill,  The  promoter  of  mischief, 
tumult,  insurrection,  or  war. 

AjSif*  mahram  (pi.  ^}^^\  TJnlawful, 

forbidden.  Any  one  to  whom  the  |*^ 

lutram  or  women's  apartments  are  open  (as  a 

father,  son,  etc.).      (*r^  muharrim^ 

part.  Forbidding,  interdicting.  Mukarram^ 
The  fiist  month  of  the  Muhammadan  year, 
during  which  fighting  is  prohibited. 

%2j\^jSf^  muharramdt  (pi.  fem.  of  ^^s^), 

Things  prohibited.  [kerchief. 

L^^s^  makramat  (pi.  i^l^),  A  hand- 


jjjs^  tnahrUr,  Freed  from  being  a  slave. 
Hot,choleric,ftirious,Libidinous.  jjj^ 
^h^il.  Of  a  warm  complexion. 

{jM^jS!^  mahr^f  Guarded,  preserved. 

i^t^js:^,  A  garrisoned  city,  a  capital, 
tiie  metropolis  of  an  empire. 

lJi^js:^  mahritf,  Inverted,  changed. 

^yj^  mahr^k  (fem.  ijj|^^«4).  Burnt, 
inflamed. 

^^jS^  maht^m^  Prohibited,  forbidden ; 

debarred,  excluded,  frustrated,  disajmointed, 
repulsed ;  depriyed  of  the  support  of  life,  un- 
fortunate, spoiled,  plundered. 

l^^jS^  mdhrikmiifah^  Privation. 

^j^J^maAstln,  Vexed,  afflicted,  grieved, 
^jj^  My^\  l:uJ\  1  jUS  limdaA  ami  al 
yawm  wiohzun^  Why  are  you  yezed  to-day  F 


(843) 


Lj^Js^wttkMnijfakf  A  general  feeling 

of(»>n8terDation.  ^%^  \—  y  •  XJU «3Jb 

^■Bonfil,  Thjf  calamitj  hMcanfeda  poblie 


c^  wAnmi^  Anything  horning  or 
dotnTiBg  (herbage),  Mikaaai  (or 
^;*^,  A  emrj-oomh. 

^.-^  fliAiMiy  part  Doing  well,  bene- 

i^  ^^'^^'^  mwhamn,  part  Acting 
properij.  Approving.  CJ^Lyuucr*  (fern. 
pL),Benitifii]cfaa8teladiea.4lX!Ll\  ^\(^ 

^^-Uliar^^,  And  the  king  was 

^^cu&cot  to  ilie  people,  eonrteoiu  in  ipeech, 
^  Md  nneereiy  good  end  kind,  tajing 
Mtioaf  Vat  what  was  fbr  the  welfare  ana  the 
N«thepeo|^ 

M)«s^  MiAi«^,  Computed,  nnmbered. 
^w*  MflAfe^fyo/,  The  state  of  one 

*t0  eoaadsi  himaelf  as  the  protected  of  a 
pnt  pcnonige.       DeTOtedne«»    derotion. 

of  fit  beiitf  the  moat  deroted  oenrant  of  your 

acdkaqT 

-f-^  mthlkd.    Envied.       ^jJytxsT' 

****Mtfif»i,  A  feeling  of  euTj  against  sao- 
«»aipro^erity. 

wt;-***^    MoAtiUy    Ferceiyed,    felt. 
*ry^  muhtOnj^ahf  Sensibleness. 

j^  MiAaAsr  and  jMOfAtr,  A  place  of 

<"^%;  th«  List  Judgment. 

f^  wtUtMy  port.  Holding  in  xere- 

^^hoaoaring. 

^  mktad,  A  reaping-sickle. 

J<^  mAmiiZ,  part  A  ooUector  of 

^<*ttai  MiAmmI,  part.  pass.  Collected, 
''^^snd,  bnmgfaft  together. 

c"^  MfiMnm,  Ghiarded  round  about, 

'inuw,  dboeet  women. 
*W  «wArt4,  Cut  down.    Harrest 


jya^  mahH^,  Besieged,  snrroanded. 
Detained,  xestrained,  oompremed. 

Jj.a^  mahiQl,  Collected.  The  harvest, 
the  gathering  of  frniti ;  the  prodnce  or  sam 

of  anything.  tzJi^^a^  (pi.  fbm.). 
Com,  fniitk 

^y^s^  mahiitn,  Fortified.  i^yoE^ 
makmnisfah,  iAk}  umI^  ^ali!\  iJJb 

^Itocf^l  htmih  al  hd^t  kdnat  hi* 

^kSfoi  «/  maAMunifoK,  This  fortress  was  in 
the  best  state  of  fortiiloation;  the  same  like 

A\C^m»i\  iAk)  or  ^m,a^\  iAk)  highd' 
put  ml  itiihkam  or  higkayait  ul  tahtm, 

^jASf*  mahdf  Fore,  unmixed.  Only, 
mere,  simple.    Sincere. 

yi^^  mahdar,  (Boyal)  presence,  ap- 
peaiaooe.  A  general  suppUoation  or  petition, 
signed  bv  a  bodj  of  people.  Muhdirf  part. 
A  maee-oearer,  serjeant,  lictor,  or  officer  ap- 
pointed to  cite  before  a  judge. 

kcr^  nuihaUf  The  end  of  a  period  or 
sentenee,  a  fill  point  The  place  where  people 
deposit  their  baggage  when  alighting  oil  a 
jonmey. 

jjjo^  ffuiAsflr,  Forbidden,  unlawful. 
CL:\j^tis.^  (pi.  fern.).  Illicit  things. 

Iff^lisr*  ffitfXsfls,  Olad,  cheerfiil,  contented, 

pleased,  delighted.  )ojaa:^j^i  Dis- 
contented. 

K^^x^  malMxy^a\  Gladness,  cheerful- 
ness. U^J^lil^LulJ^^jJ^nijb 

hata  a/  khabar  kad  M^aramt  bighayat  al 
mahsutiffah^  This  news  has  caused  as  the 
greatest  gladness. 

i)^^  mtifol,  part  Freferring  or  favour- 
ing (one  beyond  others). 

ijLs^  mihaffatf  A  species  of  travelling 
litter  or  conch  for  the  women,  resembling  the 

..Jftii,  but  not  arched. 

iioAsr*  makjma^  A  case  for  protecting 
anything. 

Ji«^  mahfX^  A  place  or  time  of  meet- 
ing, an  assembly,  congregation,  council, 
conrention,    congress,   sode^,    chorus.      A 

pulpit,  a  tribunal.     LiAJl  Jis:^,   A 

court  of  justice,  the  tribunal  of  the  Oadi  or 
judge. 

)o^LS^  maA/tBs,  Guarded,  preserved,  kept 
safe.    Committed  to  memory. 


J*^ 


(344) 


(^ 


*  mahf&f,    Coyered,  enveloped, 
girt,  encompaaaed.        ^ 

muhftf  part.  Barefoot,  unshod. 

z:^  muhkid,  part.  Causing  hatred. 

muhkir,  part.  Despising,  y^^, 

muhakkar,  part  pass.  dispiMd.    Boor,  low, 
humble,  oontemptiDle. 

ijAs:^  mahkarat,  See  ij\j^.  IJLg^ 
muhittkaratf  Deapioable  thinga,  taiflaa. 

fjAs:^  mukakkH,  part.  Yerifyingi  affirm- 
ing, confirming.  An  aaaertor  of  tnith,  a  philo- 
aopber. 

^^^Asr*  mthkan,  A  glyster-hag,  or  the 
pipe.    Muhkifif  pari.  Bestraining  (urine). 


mihkanah,  A  syringe. 

tnahik,  partBrawling,  awraogler. 

mahakkf  A  tonchstone. 

Ss^  muhkim,  part.  Strengthening,  con- 
^firming.      MuMum,   part.    paaa.    Fortified, 
atrengthened,  firm,  robnat. 

JuCc^  fMhhamai,  A  trihnnal,*  a  oonrt  of 
jnatice,  a  town-houae  or  hall. 

CJ^j^  mahkuk,  Erased,  cancelled. 

(^^^s^  mahHm,  Sahjected,  under  com- 
mand. Ordered,  commanded,  ordained. 

iJLz^yLs^,    Jodicially   condemned, 
aentenoed. 
^J^s^  mahJiA,   Belated, ' told,    written. 
dUc  jX^f  That  which  is  told  of  him. 

J.«r*  mahal,  A  place,  post,  situation, 
atation,  district,  quarter.  Time,  opportunity. 
Acconmiodatad,  adapted,  oppratone^  auitable, 

apropos.    ^T  J^^jVi  In  another 
place.    ^T  Jat^  ^^,  From  another 

place.    ^T  J«^  ^\  J^j^f  Sent  to 
another  place. 
-.)Ila£^  miMdj,  An  iron  instrument  with 
which  they  separate  cotton  firom  the  aeeds. 

(^^\s^  mahlab,  A  species  of  grain  re* 
'semblin^  cherry-stones,  growing  in  Aderbijan 
(Armenia). 

lls^  mahaOat  (pi.  CL^lsr^  mahaUdi),  A 
quarter  of  a  city,  a  pariah;  an  inn,  any  en- 
oampment  or  halting-plaoe  for  traToUera. 

mihlii  for  ia^'^^),   A  wooden 


^. 


table  on  which  they  separate  the  cotton  from 
the  aecd. 


mMif,  part  KxaetiTig  an 
binding  one  by  it.  A  doubtful  afiair, 
which  people  swear  ^flexuitly. 

jl«^   nmhattU,    Solving  ; 
rondariag  jnalioe. 

J^Lsr^  maMiU,  Loosed,  absolved. 
aoWed,  untied,  Taoani  (a  plaea«f  «iiploT)k| 

A^  mahaiU  (pL  izJis^  mAdm] 
parish,  a  quarter  or  locality  of  a  town. 

^Xs^  muhaUa\   part.   pass.  PoUj 

adorned,  dressed ;  illuatrioos,  ornamented^ 
jewela,  elegant,  laudable,  agreeable. 

Ju4j;r*  mukmidt  part.  act.  Acting 
ably,  meriting  commendation. 

Ju4«^  Muhammad,  A  proper  name, 

ticularly  that  of  the  great  Arabian 
which,  by  Europeans,  ia  yarionaly  i 
nronounced  aa  Mahommed,  Mahomet, 
Mehmet. 

Ali  Paaha,  YioerOT  of  EgyD^  the  modt 
|[reat  reformer  of  £gypt,  waa  Dom  at  CtT« 
m  BoumeUa,  a  part  of  JBuropean  Turkey.  1 
parenta  were  oi  a  humble  condition  of  li 
He  waa  the  youngeat  of  hia  aixteen  brotl; 
and  siitera.  He  entered  flie  Tockish  ara| 
a  common  aoldier,  and  thia  waa  the  ^heit 
life  in  which  he  waa  ealeulated  to  shine.  1 
high  qualities  aoon  attracted  the  atta&tioa 
hia  auperiora  and  the  Sultan  himidt  i 
haying  attained  a  prominent  position  in 
ware  that  diatraoted  Egypt  ondar  the  Hi 
Inks,  he  rose  to  be  Viceroy  of  £g}}>i  He  i 
establidied  a  regularly-paid,  djiaeqilined  d 
tary  force,  on  the  European  plan,  and  uni 
lated  the  Mamluka  (1811),— that  remnant  b* 
of  tyranta,  which,  aince  the  da^  of  Salii 
had  goTcmed  Egypt  by  OTenwing  the  vi 
regal  authority, — and  thua  he  became  the 
controlled  kra  of  the  land  of  the  Fhanu 
Ptolemiea,  Cnaats,  and  Calipha.  By  the  str 
neas  of  his  goyemment  he  renderea  E^i 
sale  to  trayeUera  aa  any  ordinary  citu 
country.  Agriculture,  commerce,  miani 
turca  all  engaged  bis  attention,  and  he  ] 
digioualy  adyanoed  the  cause  of  ciyiliu} 
and  improyement  in  Egypt,  and  opened 
way  fbr  further  and  more  important  refti 
He  considerably  extended  its  bonndariei,  c 
into  Aaia ;  but  in  1840  waa  dispoaseased  of 
Aaiatic  oonqueata.  The  Treaty  of  Low 
howeyer,  in  1841,  confirmed  the  yioeroytlt 
Egypt  to  him  and  hta  desoendanta.  Sinee 
estaoliahment  of  regular  ateam-packala  in 
Mediterranean  and  the  Indian  Oooan,  and 

gradual  deyelopment  of  ita  railway  sytl 
gypt  haa  become  the  highiray  to  It 
not  only  to  moat  trayeUers,  but  alao  lor 
general  oorrespondenoe  of  Europe. — ^b.  1* 
D.  1849. 

Jj)1  dj^s^  ^^UaU!,  Mahomet  I.,  I 


r* 


(345) 


r* 


ttd  foemdad  lug  brother  Moma  in  1413. 
He  IT  wtiMMifd  the  glory  of  the  Ottoman 
Imptt,  wideh  had  beoi  ntaged  hy  Tamer- 
lae,  ad  bud  the  nal  of  goTemment  at 
MuKfle,  where  he  died,  in  1421«  i^  47. 

Jbll  UsB^  JiLJ\,  Mahomet  n.  mo- 

vM  hif  Ather,  Aaranth  IL,  in  1461.  He 
BideBttTeono«»ti>  and  waa  the  ftnt  irho 
anaed  oe  tide  of  grand  ognior.  After  a 
hof  fadiielodoas  eareec,  he  died  aa  lie  waa 
ibott  t»  IbmI  in  attack  against  the  Knigh«a  of 
8t  JAi,  It  Bhodei.  Mdiomet  it  eaid  to 
^e  bn  a  freethinker,  and  to  haTO  ridi- 
nU  Aim^huol  the  religion  in  which  he  wie 
ivv^o.  His  Ictten,tnuiekted  into  Latin, 
vwifiUahcd  in  IdSO.    n.  1429;  b.  1481. 

t^'^lljLiA-^^iyuJt,  Mahomet  HI. 

ttMUUi  frthor,  Amnnth  III.,  In  li95w 
Hi  fnimnfaecd  hii  reign  by  strangling  nine- 
*9  oHdi  brodieny  and  drowning  ten  of  his 
^a"!  wivei.  He  entered  Hnngary,  took 
'^m  by  ca^tnlation,  and  then  massacred 
1^.  «1m^  nrrison.  The  Archdnke  Maxi- 
■iaa  naidbed  against  him,  and  needy  ob- 
^oai  a  eonmlete  Tictory,  when  Mahometi 
«w  hA  Dsde  a  ftlse  reb^at,  suddflnly  re- 
M  to  the  diatge,  and  routed  the  Im- 
pnfi^  He  waa  allarwaidi  less  snoeessM, 
■^  oUiged  to  sue  for  peace  to  the  Chris- 
te  pnneei  wboee  atatas  he  had  rayaged. 
M803.  ^ 

wyiju^^lUuJl,  MahomotIV.be. 

^a  Enperar  in  1649,  after  the  tragical  death 
^Mer;  Ibrahim  L  The  Turks  were  at 
v  tine  eanged  in  a  war  with  the  Venetians, 
■d  ude  tewelw  marteia  «f  the  Iile  of 
^  in  1669,  after  losing  100,000  men. 
uhoMt  Biardied  in  person  agtinst  Poland, 
■i  hsfisg  taken  sereral  jplaoea,  made  peace 
^  tkst  coontry,  on  conmtion  of  an  annual 
^^  being  pud  to  him.  John  8obieski, 
^ntted  it  dug  treaty,  raised  an  amy,  and 
wjen  Mowing  defeated  the  Turks  near 
^^^tOBL  He  aiio  obtained  a  number  of 
*^>dTiBt«ges  over  them,  and  a  peace  was 
•vended,  bvonraUe  to  Poland,  in  1676.  In 
^  the  Toriu  laid  siege  to  Vienna,  on  which 
wteAiMwhed  to  ita  ralid;  and  routed  the 
""■(Ctn.  The  year  following,  a  league  was 
■MiBtD  against  the  Turks,  between  the 
^eror,  the  King  of  Poland,  and  the  Vene- 
^  ThejaniMaiiea,  attributing  their  mis- 
"tei  t»  the  indolenoe  of  the  Sultan,  de- 
M  \m  in  1687>  and  gaye  the  sceptre 
I^Bhnither  Solyman  III.,  who  sent  him  to 
"f  wae  priaon  wnenoe  he  himself  had  been 
Itahomei  died  there  1691. 


^,Uc«  JMsmmadl,  Muhammadan. 

kUc^  makml,  That  by  whioh  anything 

ii  morted;  thai  which  £utens  the  two  loads 
«  a  csbmL  Mmkmml,  A  Utter  for  traTelting 
a  »  OBid ;  a  eorering  for  the  aaoed  buUding 


at  Meoba.  JiJi^  nmktimmil,  part. 
Bearing;  a  carrier. 

4>^4kC^  Mahmndf  Praised.  Worthy,  hiiid- 
able.  A  proper  name. 

t^yks^  ^UaLJfy  Mahmond,  the  founder 

of  the  Gasneride  dynasty,  obtained  from  Ileh- 
khan  the  empire  of  Khoraasan,  in  997.  He 
extended  his  territories  by  conquest,  and 
formed  a  rest  kingdom,  extending  from  the 
banks  of  the  Oanges  to  the  Caspian  Sea.  He 
held  his  court  at  Balkh  and  Ghisni,  and  waa 
the  6nt  Bastem  potentate  who  took  the  titia 
of  sultan  (emperor)  instead  of  emir  (com- 
manderV  which  had  been  prerioualy  borne  by 
hia  preaeceania.    d.  1030. 

Mahmond  L*  sometimes  called  Mahomet  V., 
Sultan  of  the  Ottoman  Turks,  was  son  of 
Mustapha,  and  ascended  the  throne  at  Con- 
stantinople in  1730.  He,  however,  interfered 
but  little  in  the  goTcntmeiit  of  his  kingdnm, 
choosing  rather  to  Utc  a  life  of  luxury,  while 
the  cares  of  state  darolTcd  vb^vl  his  aanisian. 
B.  1696;  D.  1764. 

JI2JI  i^yAS^  ^UaUl ,    Mahmond  U., 

Sultan  of  Turkey,  was  placed  upon  the  throne 
by  Mustapha  Baihiktar,  chief  of  the  janiasariea, 
in  1808.  Under  his  reign,  despite  his  greatest 
exertions,  the  decadence  of  Turkey  was  greatly 
aooeleiatBd.  In  1812  Besaarabia  wia  oadad 
to  Buasia  by  the  peace  of  Bucharest.  Between 
the  ywrs  01 1812  and  1817,  Serria,  Moldavia, 
and  Wallaehia  were  evacuated,  and  the  Ionian 
Islands  proclaimed  their  independence.  In 
1820  Qftieo^  broke  out  into  insurrection,  and, 
after  a  struggle  of  eight  years,  threw  off  the 
Turldsh  yjMLe.  A  fresh  war  next  broke  out 
between  Turkey  and  Bussia,  and  the  latter 
power  was  only  prevented  from  taking  posses- 
sion of  Constantinople  by  the  intervention  of 
the  Earopean  powers,  which  brought  about 
the  peace  of  Adiianople,  in  1829.  During 
this  time,  Ali,  Pasha  of  Janina,  had  defied  the 
Sultan,  and  Mehemet  Ali,  Pasha  of  Bgypt, 
had  rendered  himself  independent.  The  ex- 
termination of  the  janissaries  in  1826,  and  the 
introductien  of  some  details  of  civilization^ 
weakened  the  Turkish  power,  but  did  not 
benefit  Mahmond.  In  1833  he  was  thrice  de- 
feated bv  the  B^ptians,  and  the  treaty  of 
Unkiar-skdeasi  lut  him  at  the  mercy  of  Bus- 
sia.  Be  was  about  to  ea^sge  in  a  new  war 
with  Mehemet  AU  when  his  death  took  place. 
B.  1785 ;  D.  1889.— He  was  succeeded  by  his 
eldest  son,  Abdul- Mejid. 

lft}yksr^  mahmiLdi,  Scammony. 

J^Asr*  mahmiil,  Loaded,  charged,  car- 
ried.   A  cargo,  burden.    Lading.         [fever. 

A^^iAr*  makmiim,  Fereriah,  haying  the 
^^4kC^  maimt,  Froteoted,  guarded.     A 


It* 


(346) 


protected  citr,  %.$.  a  metropoliB  or  other  dis- 
tiogiiiBhed  plaoe. 

tnuhanna',  Bent,  crooked,  hooked. 
mihnat  (pi.  ^^jsr^  mthan),  Calamity, 


misfortune,  afflictioii,  muery,  evil,  trial,  tempt- 
ation, troable,  perplexity.  Borrow. 

i-Ocs:^  muhnist  part.  Wicked,  perjured. 
An  infamooB  villain,  a  catamite. 

muhannit,  part.  Barying  the  dead 
vitii  odours. 


maAtt',  Erasing,  cancelling,  obliterat- 
ing, defiicing,  annulling,  effacing,  annihilating. 
ijsr^  mahwat,  An  erasure,  defacement 
jysf^  mihwar,  The  axis  (of  a  pulley). 

k^ar^  muhawwiif   One  who  surrounds 

with  a  fence.    MuhawuHUf  Sunonnded  by  a 
walL 

^^s^  mahy,  Erasing. 

Lsr^  mahyd,  and  l<^  fndhya\  The 

face.  J-^t  (^W?  fnahyahm  ajja- 
mi(^  Tour  beautiM  fiioe. 

«Xj«^  mahld^  A  bend  or  curvature. 
Muhyid  or  mtiAn^  part  Arerting. 

jt^sf^  muhayyir,  part.  Astonishing,  amaz- 
ing. 

)a^^  muhltf  part.  Containing,  surround- 
ing, embracing,  la^^]  j^\,  The 
ocean. 

j^^-j«r*  muhyi  and  L^,  part  Eeviv- 

ing,  giving  life,  ij^*^  muhayyi, 
part  Saluting  or  creating  a  king  by  pronounc- 
ing iOJVcJUa.,  May  God  give  you  life! 

^  mukh  (pi.  ^Uf*  mikhakh),  The  brain, 
marrow,  pulp. 

Li^  Mokha,  Kokha,  a  city  of  Yemen, 
in  Arabia,  the  principal  port  on  the  Bed  Sea, 
fifty-five  miles  fiom  the  Strait  of  Babelmandab. 
The  appearanoe  of  the  town  from  ^e  sea  is 
handsome,  haying  all  its  buildings  white- 
washed, and  three  minarots  of  considerable 
height ;  while  the  dead  line  of  the  fiat  roofs 
which  are  employed  in  all  Mahometan  cities 
is  broken  by  serend  elegantly-bnilt  mauso- 
leums. The  interior  is,  however,  filthy,  and 
many  of  the  habitations  are  in  a  decayea  state. 
The  best  houses,  in  general,  are  those  facing 
the  sea.  The  main  and  almost  sole  staple  of 
Mokha  is  coffee,  for  which  this  part  of  Arabia 
is  famed;  also  gum-arabic,  myrrh,  IWmkin- 
oense,  balm  of  Gilead,  senna,  sharks'  fins, 
rhinoceros*  horns  and  hides,  acacia,  and  oivet 


Bfp.  7000.  The  counby  of  Mokha  is  situate 
in  the  S.W.  of  Abyssinia. 

^Isr^  mukhdbarah,  Correspondence  by 
letter  or  message. 

^ictAs^  mukhdda^t,  Deceiving,  circum- 
venting. ^\  c-.-i^l  ^\y  iSi  ^JJj 

^iXsL  iji  ^  Q*Xar\  ^^t  cjU.  ^^ 

^jb«]U  ^cacu^J  s-^'  (•^^V*  Btt^ 

he  had  road  in  books,  that  if  any  one  attempt  to 
beguile  the  lion,  he  may  be  lieguiled  by  him 
with  kind  words,  and  be  rondoed  gentle  by 
praise. 

J^  jlsr*  nuMStU,  Mean  men,  therabble. 
Destitute,  poor,  indigent. 

^  jlir*  makhdrij  (pi.  of  ^^i^  mdkkraf). 

Places  of  issue,  issues,  outlets.  The  different 
parts  of  the  organs  of  speech,  from  whence  the 
sounds  of  the  several  letters,  or  classes  of  letters, 
are  derived. 

^j\^  makhdzin  (pi.  of  ^^jif^),  Store- 
houses.   4^^^  <u*4^  4id^^b!1  \jjb 

hawSttqfir  tahu  kham§ai  makkatin^  This  mer- 
chant has  five  storehouses.  [toitious. 

A^tfUe^  miukh&nmf  part.  Adverse,  con- 

iAi^\ii^m\ikha9amatf  Animosity,  enmity, 

altercation,  competition,  contrast,  oppositioii. 
Contention. 

f^\s^  maihdd,  The  pains  of  birth. 

tlsr^  mukhdt,  The  mucus  of  the  nose. 

^.^.J^lsr^  mukh&ttb,  part.  act.  A  speaker, 
one  who  converses  with  or  addresses  another. 
Mukhatttbf  part  pass.  One  to  whom  another 
speaks.    The  second  person. 

aJffUr^  mukhatabaty  Speaking,  speech, 
discourse,  conversation. 

ije\i:^  mukhdtarat,  Danger,  peril,  risk, 
hasard.    Hazarding  a  battle. 

L3\sf^  makhAfat,  Fear,  terror.      (jm\j 

i^\  XiLc^  X«il^l  rdsul  hihmaii  muk- 

hafat  uUah,  The  b^inning  of  wisdom  is  the 
fear  of  God. 

L^l^  tnahhdiib,  Hooked  talons,  the 
claws  of  rapacious  birds  or  beasts.  Aj  \  j^ 

v/  u^j'i^  *^j  ^  cr*  ^  ^^^ 
ij^^  aJJl  af4,hr  JL*  ^  UU 

^   ••    •  Mm  ^ 


(847) 


y^\  JL>-U1  ^t/  Then  it  took  eome- 

thing  from  the  fanca  of  the  earth  in  its  talons, 
and  ioai«d  to  the  upper  region  of  the  sVr; 
and  I  looked  attentiydy  at  toat  thing,  and  lo, 
it  was  a  serpent  of  enormons  size,  of  great 
body,  which  it  had  taken  and  carried  off  to 
the  dy  towards  the  sea. 

JudSli^  rnvJchdlMot^  Sincerity,  candour, 
nnfeigned  affection ;  acting  candidly. 

JLyisr^  mukhalatat,  ConvenatioD,  com- 
merce, mixtnre.  Conyersing,  mixing  together 
in  society. 

1^1^  mukhdlif,  part.  Contrary,  oppo- 
site, repugnant,  adyene,  dissentient,  con- 
tiadicting. 

XfllUr^  mukh&lifiUy  Eepngnance,  con- 
tradiction, opposition,  contrariety,  transgres- 
sion,  cUsobedience,  oontrayention,  rebellion. 

«3J<J  (J/|yb  (^U^y  Constrain  your 
inclination,  and  you  will  be  conducted  well. 

Jlir*  makUU  (pi.  of  m^  mikhldt), 
Ptoyender  bags  hung  round  a  horse's  mouth. 


iti^lsr^  mukhdwadatf  Entering  or  pass- 
ing through  (water).  Plunging  or  encounter- 
ing (business  or  danger). 

uJjlsr^  makhdmf,  Dangerous  or  dread- 
ful places.  ^uJoc  uJjlsf*  ^  U*al.jw 

khaUasana  tnin  makhawif  {^ocFmaA,  He  sayed 
us  from  dreadful  dangers. 

ijjlsr^  makhdytl,  Marks,  indexes,  ob- 
seryations.    Imaginations.    Signs,  ideas. 

makhhd,  A  place  where  anything 
is  hid  or  laid  up. 

makhbar  and  ij^^t  The  know- 
ledge of  anything  by  evidence  or  declaration. 
A  place  of  trial  or  probation.  Mukhbir^  nart. 
Announcing,  signifying,  certifying,  telling 
news.  [most  excellent. 

mukhtdr,  part.  Chosen,  selected, 

jw»  mehkitar^  Mechitar,  or  Mekhitar, 
the  founder  of  the  order  of  Mechitarists,  and 
reyiyer  of  Armenian  literature.  In  1691  he 
entered  an  Armenian  conyent  at  Sebaste,^  and 
subsequently  became  secretary  to  Archbishop 
MichaeL  Meeting  with  a  work  by  an  Italian 
priest  on  the  reconciliation  of  the  Armenian 
Ghuxxdi  with  that  of  Some,  he  secretly  be- 
came a  proselyte  to  the  latter  church.^  In 
1700  he  sought  to  reconcile  the  two  parties  of 
the  Armenian  priesthood  at  Constantinople; 
but,  meeting  with  little  success,  he  openly 
preached  submission  to  the  Pope.  The  Arme- 
nians were  so  enraged  at  this,  that,  to  saye  his 
life,  Mediitar  was  comnelled  to  fly  from  the 
city.  He  went  first  to  Smyrna,  ana  afterwards 
to  tiie  Morea,  then  under  the  dominion  of 


Venice.  On  the  conquest  of  the  Morea  by  tl(f 
Turks,  he  went  to  Venice,  where  he  was  per- 
mitted to  found  a  conyent,  wherein  he  set  up 
a  printing-press,  which,  in  his  hands  and  iA 
those  of  his  followers,  luis  produced  hundreds 
of  yolumes  in  the  form  of  Armenian  transla- 
tions of  the  best  works  in  European  literature. 
The  Armenian  missionaries  are  an  increasing 
body  at  the  present  day,  and,  in  addition  to 
the  Venetian  establishments,  haye  branches  at 
Paris  and  Constantinople.  Mechitar  published 
an  Armenian  Bible  in  1733,  and  an  Armenian 
Grammar  and  Dictionary,  b.  at  Sebaste, 
Cappadocia,  1676  \  d.  1749. 

Jlii^   mukhtah   part.   Self-important, 

haughty,  yain,  looking  round  in  self -admiration. 

j^s^mukhtahir,  part.  Expert,  intelligent. 

^■cr^  mukhiabl,  part  Hid,  concealed, 
*'  lurking. 

cjcir*  tnukMada^,  Deceived,  circum- 
vented, [author. 
tnukhiari^,  part.  An  inventor,  an 
mukhtaihi^,  Hnmble,  humbled. 

mukhtaSf  Appropriated,  propet, 

Seculiar.    Chosen,  selected,  elected.    Private, 
omestic. 

mukhtoiib,  Fruitful,  plentiful. 

fnukhtMOTy  part.  pass.  Abbre- 
yiated,  abridged,  contracted,  a  compendium, 
an  epitome,  a  digest, 

.tfiiTT*  muihta^f  part.  Castrating  (a 
horse,  etc.).    Castrating  himself. 
■^■„if^  mukhtadi^  Humble,  depressed, 
submissiye.  [carrying  off. 

s.^  mukhiatif,  Snatching,  seizing, 

mukhtafi,    Hid ;     absconding^ 

^lurking. 

Jxir*  mukhtal,  part.  pass.  Emaciated, 
attenuated.  Corrupted;  disturbed,  confused, 
deprayed;  ruined  (as  any  business  by  negli- 
gence, etc). 

yJzJs^  mukhtalis,  part.  Seizing,  snatch- 
ing, drawing  to  oneself,  stealing. 

\Jb^  mukhtalat,  Perplexed,  confoodd 
(business). 

•JcLsr^  mukhtali^,  Eepudiated  (as  a  wife, 
either  with  or  without  her  marriage  settle- 
ments). 

u-fll^Lir^  mulehtalif,  part.  Diverse,  rent, 
discordant,  various.  iSli-^l  c>^^*^ 
JtcUJ^  yat^atan  aan&fan  mukMd^M^ 
They  deal  in  various  articles. 


(348) 


i^J  «^\  ia^\j  <uLe  u:^  lilCS  J. 

L^i  >yUl ,  And  after  that  there  blew 
upon  him  the  odour  of  ddicious,  ozouiiriite 
▼iandfl,  of  all  different  kinds,  aad  of  ddieioiu 
Wie, 

^^^IcLsr^  mukhtah,  part.  Being  alone  (with 
-  another)  in  a  retod  place. 

jAS.^    mtikhtamir,    part    Fermented. 

Feimenting  (wine);  leavening  a  man  of 
paste.    Altered  in  smell  or  flarour. 

JnC^ir^  mtMtanak,  Strangled,  choked. 

(^f^  mahMnmj  Signed,  sealed,  i^^fi,^ 

(^fi^  ^^y  fnaktiib  tawnyah  makh' 
turn,  A  letter  of  introdaetion  sealed. 
tnakhiUHf  CiroamciBed. 

mukhfil,  part.  Making  ashamed. 
Aatonishing,  confoondiBg. 

ijiXs^  mukhaddarat,  A  matron,  a  vir- 
tuous lad^jT  (true  to  the  marriage  bed,  and 
alwBTs  reiled  when  going  abroM) ;  a  young 
girl  Kept  retired,  behind  tne  curtain. 

c  «x^  nuMda^,  A  room,  a  bedroom,  a 

studio,  c  Jkir^  mukhaddi^f  part.  De- 
oeiying  remarkably. 


LJt 


^^jcs-'  mukh^ddm.    Having  many  do- 
mestics or  followers. 


/^^*^^^^"  n^akhdUm,  A  lord,  a  master,  one 
who  is  serred  (either  by  slaves  or  demons). 

J^  Jlst*  makkmlf  Abandoned,  forsaken ; 

disapDointed,  frustrated;  contemptible.  Tile, 
wretcned. 


mukhrib,  part.  Desolating,  laying 

waste ;  a  destroyer,  ^j^  mukharrib, 
part  Destroying  all  around,  fu  and  wide. 

'r:j^  fMhhraj,  An  issue,  outlet.    Any 

part  of  the  organs  of  speech  where  the  sound 
of  a  letter  is  formed ;  one  of  the  decrees  con- 
ferred upon  the  ^ulama  or  doctors  of  Muham- 

medan  law  and  divinity. 
jji^  mMrM,  A  shoemaker's  awl. 

s^^jS^  makhr^b,  Laid  waste,  destroyed, 
plundered. 

^^ji^  makhrUt,  Unbarked,peeled,planed, 
turned  in  a  loom. 

i^js^  makkumy  A  store-hoose,  a  maga- 
zine, a  granaryi  a  cellar,    ^jj^"^!  \  JJb 


1^  kaadJ  makhum  lOHrd^TlaM 
house  to  be  let  i^s^S^jj^tJ)^ 

ft  nudkkmm  mtSk  iatirmhf  Then  ii 

goods  in  my  store-house,  j]/^^^  mji 
A  repository,  or  keeper  of 

halagKant  ^aia^  an  ^indaka  mal  kathmakM 

I  am  told  that  you  have  much  goods  liil 
in  your  store-house. 

^j^  motAsilfi,  Laid  up  in  a  stoi 
house.    Concealed  (secret).  i 

i^Js^   mukhaf    part    Affecting  «i 

shame  or  igiiomiiiQf .    Deqpiring ;  depnd 
afflicting,  ruining. 

)y*t^  mMMTf  Injured,  damaged. 

khauarah  fjtU^  Aaxa/  mal  al  makhsir^  ll 
truly  a  pity  Ibr  these  goods  to  be  damaged. 

^Jit.^^**^^  fnukhashkhuh,  part.  Prodad 
sound  by  tiie  collision  of  htad  bodies. 

^kjJb^  mukhihi^,  part  Humbling,  i 

pressing.  [Ions.    Groiring  i 

mukhtib,  part  Becoming  pot 

makhHLi,  Peculiar,  particol 

I>roper,  belonging  to.    Private,  doaMstief 
timate;  addicted,  dedicated;    peealisrljr 

cribedor  attributed  to. 
niatmj  Specially,  particularly. 

makhsHiiifai,  Property,  pe( 


flfuu 


liarity.     Intimate  Mendship.    \j 

fuuarem  lamakktutioiJ  im  iibudi^tUU»i 
ul^aUpak,  On  account  of  my  being  tb«  p 

?9rty  and  the  devoted  servant  of  the  Sabli 
orte. 

^^^^^  MkziUff,  Cast|«ted. 

m,»n^  «Mfib^ft^,part.HumbIing,abiui] 

making  subminveii 
e^-os:^  makhdU^  Depressed,  humU 

A  subject,  a  vaasaL 

ksr^  makht,  Blowing  the  nose. 

mukhtir.  Bushing   into   dan; 
against  an  adversary ;  going  out  to  fight  I 

c^^L.der*  makhiHh   (fenu   Aj^kir 
Affianced,  betrothed,  promised. 

jjkii^  mMUikr,    Thought^    imagio 
supposed,  concoiTsd. 


>• 


(849) 


Jm  tefcM/t  li/i;  This  flappon- 
tkm  did  Boft  oeeor  to  me.  I  did  sot  eonoeiTe 
wbifkinghi    It  eMu^ed  Bf  atlntion  to 


Jiis^  mMA,  part  Sinning  tibrongh 

'■ktde,  nidioiit  doigD,  bhmdenDg,  douig 
(afdn^  iomroperly.  (contra),  Sinxung  in- 
^ittfl^.    GHMiiig  one  to  itep  or  go. 

^i^iiii;i^^,part.  Allefviating,  ma- 

kzogli^t  Mitigant.  u-tt^ftacUl  ^jL^^ 
">iW  tikkfff,  Mitigal)le.'* 

Jfa^  mtOfltd,  SnbmifldTe. 

J^  MlVb/  AUeriated.     (A  oon- 

nat)  kfiig  e  ehort  fcr  a  long  ToweL 

^^  makHfiJt,  Affected  with  a  palpi- 

tttiatttfackMrt 

^  mdH^  Hid,  eonoealed,  eorered, 

wait,  * 


Jc^mUS,  pait.  DistnrUngy  eoznipt- 

is^  ipofliiv.  Detrimeatel,  injuaou,  hnrtftil, 
tt«  tUdi  damagei,  desfcroja. 

^  mlUd,  A  scythe,  a  sickle. 

^9iUldiy  A  provender  bag  hung 
ind  a  hone*!  mcfoAkf  a  wallet,  a  saddle  bag. 

V>  inUU,  Ana]],adaw,the  hooked 
^^  of  a  lapadooi  bud  or  beast. 

<^  MyUoON^,  Eternal,  durable,  per- 

i^>«^  wmkUUy  part.  Sincere,  oan- 
4  pne,  nal,  lojal,  unfeigned.    A  friend. 

L^e^^  w-^s^t    almuhtb  almuihlii, 

^iMerefrM,loTisg  affectionately.  (This 
■  ttftea  and  in  letters,  and  is  synonjinons 
^i^aottdefotsd,  alEBi^ionate,  hninhle  ser- 

^t;.    ^jjjf  wndhattii,  part  One 

*^ltatei,aaBiionr. 

i^  MuikOa^,  part.  Paralytic. 

^^MUA/;p«rt.  Sobstitating.  Cans- 

Citoneeced  or  follow. 

^'•^  mukhaHaf&ty  Heritage,  sncoee- 

^  «f <eti  bequeathed  or  left. 

'T^  MWai,  IGxed,  confdsed. 


^;^'  mU/a^  Deposed,   dethroned; 

r*aMed. 

J»^sia4«fiifc(fem.  iijU^),  Created, 
'^n^d,  prodneed.    MakJUukat,  A  creature, 

utested  thing.  w.*U^Lsr«,  Creatures. 


tlilUi  ^^y^  t^JJi  CXL^  j^^ 

JJi>,  If  Gk)d  does  not  assist  thee  in 

what  thou  pnrpoaest  to  do,  no  creatore  what* 
erer  can  effect  it ;  and  unless  He  leads  thee  in 
the  right  path,  thou  moat  so  wrong  cTcn  if 
thou  art  guided  by  the  constellation  of  Arcturus. 

si*^^  mykhamhhimf  part.  Speaking 
through  the  nose. 

lA^  muUmMy  part.  Qaenohing  a  fire, 

allaying  the  paroxysm  of  a  fever. 

mukhammirt   part.    Fermenting, 

leaYening.  Mukhaanmair,  part.  pass.  Fer- 
mented, etc 

^j»*j^^  miMammaiy  Pentangular. 

Ji^dBT^  mikhaudj  Satin  or  velTot. 

jy^»s^  mdkhmarf  Drank,  completely  in- 
toxicated, crop-sick. 

y±2.x^  mukhannuy  part.  A  fool,  a  block- 
head, a  knare,  a  ^ood-for-nothine  fellow. 
Pusillanimons,  effeminate,  abject,  inlunoiiB. 

^jlds^  mukhaimktky  part.  Strangling,  Jfo- 
khtmah^  Strangled. 

i^yi^malhikfiiieTOL.  ^^j^),Dangerons, 
formidable,  dreadftil,  horrible,  frightfult  tre- 
mendous.    uJ«^  mukhawwif,  part. 


Terrifying.      Mukhawwaf^  Frightened,  de- 
terred. 


ZJ^^^ss^  fnahhufat,  Dangers,  terrors. 

mukhoffyarf  Left  to  free  choice, 
indifferent ;  Mukkayyir^  Giring  an  option  of 
two  tUngs. 

\  part.  Terrible,formidable. 
mukhayytl,  part.  Imagining,  fancy- 


ing, doubting,  being  deceived,  conieotnring 
from  physiognomy,  conceiring  a  good  omen. 


mukhaiyydlatf  Pancy,  the  powers 

of  imagination. 
^fiS^  fnukhlm^   part.  Pitching  a  tent. 

(t^:^  fMikhayyim^  part  Mukhayyam, 

An  encampment ;  a  camp.    Mahhlm^  Gather- 
ing cut  com. 

maddf  Extension,  production,  length- 

ening.    j>al\  J^jJJ,  As  far  as  the 
eye  can  reach.    Madd^  The  altitude  or  flux 

(of  the  sea).    J/r^<J^  The  flux  and 
reflux  (of  the  sea},*  Um  tides.     Madi,  or 


1 


( 350  ) 


iftX^  maddah,  The  mark  {*^)  placed 

sometimes  over  dlif  T,  which  gives  it 
B  long  broad  sound.     Maddy  A  modus,  a 


measure. 


^i«x«  madddh,  An  encomiast,  a  praiser, 
^one  who  extols  highly. 

Jf^  \  J^  'maddkhil  (pi.  of  J^;^  J^  madkM, 

or  ^If^ljL^)^  Entering  into,  engaging 
or  taking  part  in,  intermeddling.    Muddkhil, 

part.  Undertaking  any  hnsiness.  y^Ji 

You  haye  no  right  to  intermeddle  in  such  a 
question.  jy^tS  ^  ll:>.\j^\  t-.^ 
l|*i«5  J  ^1,  She  is  very  fond  of  inter- 
meddling in  affairs  which  do  not  concern  her. 

jiJt^  maddr,  A  circumference,  a  centre, 

a  place  of  turning  or  returning,  a  boundary  or 
goal. 

i\j\j^  mudardt,  To  act  with.  Affability, 
courtesy,  lenity,  gentleness.  u/^^J'^^j 

It  is  advisable  to  behave  with  dissimulation 
and  consideration  towards  this  tyrant,  and  he 
will  inevitably  be  overthrown. 

^  j1  Jl«  fnaddrij,  Steps,  degrees  of  ascent. 

(jww^lju*  maddrta  (pi.  of  i^jd^),  Col- 
leges, academies,  public  schooK  Mudarit, 
part.  A  doctor,  a  reader,  a  learned  man. 

^j\j^  tnuddrissai,  The  public  teaching 
of  law  and  divinity. 

l^j\tX^mtiddrakat,  Prosecuting  anything 
without  intermission.    - 

^^tX«  tnadds,  A  kind  of  rustic  shoe. 

^1  Jl^  muddjl^,  part  One  who  repels  or 
averts. 

i^\s^  muddfa^ah,  JRepelling.  Striving 

to  repel  (an  assailant).  Self-defence.  To 
repel  or  strive  to  repel. 

<uJitX^  muddkuat,  Deceiving,  circum- 
venting, acting  darkly  or  fraudulently. 

^\j^  muddm,  Wine,    jlc  ^!aJ1  <— ^ 
.    aUHI  .le.,  To  drink  wine  is  the  dis- 
grace  of  mankind. 

w«ij^  maddmi^  The  internal  comers 
or  angles  of  the  eye. 

i\ji\j>^  muddwdt  (or  ^Ijlj^),  Curing  a 


disease,  remedying,  restoring,  bringing  nj 

Ijj^^  ^^{^'^\  He  has  a  very  gonj 

system  to  treat  his  patients,  which  cu«b  thoj 
even  without  any  medicine. 

Ajljk^  muddwim^  part.  Assidaons,  per 

severing.  Assiduously.   iUjt  Jl«  muda 
tpamatf  Assiduity,  continuance,  perpetoitj. 

(^^\  J^  muddwa',  One  to  whom  remedie 

are  applied,  or  assistance  is  brought.    Wlu) 
cure£ 

^tjk^  fnaddhtn,  A  hypocrite,  a  liar. 

^Ub\  J^  muddhanah,  Flattery,  aduktioi 
Giving  unmerited  praise;  or  ^e  withholdia 
merited  reproach.  [comium 

^\j^  maddyihy  Laudable  actions.  £d 

^1x«  maddyinf  Cities. 

j>S^  mudahbir,  part.  Disposing  in  oidei 
governing.    A  governor,  rector,  modeiato^ 

director,  adminbtiator;  a  master,  ^x 

jy^AJp\jy\f  A  minister,  or  director  a 
public  affairs. 

i^<X«  madhugh,  Tanned  (leather). 

id^  maddat,  An  extension  or  productiai 
Muddat,  A  space  of  time.  jAji\  iS^ 
A  Ufetime.  \j\ij  "]/^li»  LSi,  LUJ^ 

i-JjdJ  l^bli  c-JjJl,  A  fox  and 

wolf  inhabited  the  same  den,  resorting  Hatht 
together,  and  thus  they  remained  for  a  certii 
length  of  time  ;  but  the  wolf  opprased  the  Uc 

«.Jl^  madhf  Praise,  eulogium,  enoomiuni 

commendation ;  approbation,  applause,  recos 
mendation. 

<(>-iX«  mudhat,  Praising,  an  encomiui 
(pi.  ^iJ^),  A  laudable  action,  anj 
thing  deserving  commendation. 

^j>-s^  mudoMf,  part  Turning,  n 
volving. 

Ji^  J^  fnadkhal,  Entrance,  acoess.  Mtu 
khil,  part  Introducing,  inserting,  puttinfr  ii 
Mudkhal,  part.  pass.  Introduce^  sent  or  n 
in.  MudakhkhH^  part  Immitting,  cau»j 
to  enter. 

^j^iX^  tnadkhm,  A  place  where  amck 


(351) 


x« 


soa.  JTidk^UAyn,  ptxl  Smoldng,  flunigat- 
iag,  peifiiiBiii;  iriUi  Inininig  odoma. 

;o^Xf  ma&kul,  Enteredi  put  in.     A 

retnm,  gain,  profit  ^yw  j^  m4ȣ^fi- 

lifdf  Income.       ^y^J)    ^^<X« 
OMMMirtyaA,  His  yearly  in- 


^UMJai,  A  Hri8tance,helpyaid,8aoooiir8. 
;Xf  «^,  A  vm-dned,  unbaked  brick. 

;J^lJikt  aUa  madar,   Those  who 

(irfiD  in  a  hoiue  (as  opposed  to  ^t 

jf)>^  Ml  wehm-,  Those  who  dwell  in 

^;JL«i]U  tfy£i4i^  Madrds,  Presidencj 

^  Xadm.  Oae  of  llie  dxrisioiia  of  Biidsh 
b£i, bonded  on  the  N.  by  the  Bombay  pre- 
^^i  the  Berar  and  Niaam  territorieB,  and 
^nderibtea  widun  the  confines  of  Ben- 
pi;  S.  tad  8  JE.  by  the  Bay  of  Bengal;  8. 
h  Ae  ladiaa  Oeean;  and  S.W.  and  W.  by 
v^AnbusSea.  JSrt.  From  Lake  Ghilka  to 
(^  ConoriB,  950  miles  long,  with  a  breadth 
^  To  from  the  city  of  Madras  to  Kondapoor. 
^-/{jm;  1727  miles,  nearly  destitute  of 
^P^  for  ]mk^  ships.  The  districts  under 
&iBiBediate  jnrisdiction  of  the  OoTomor 
odC^Mindl  St  Madraa,  are  N.  and  8.  Aroot, 
^^,  Caosia,  Chin^epat,  including  Madras, 
C^asctoor,  Cndd^sah,  Gnntoor,  mclnding 
^ad^Midma,  indnding  Dindigal,Malabar, 
^mlipstsai,  XeUore,  BajahmoSdry,  Salem, 
^^JK,  ^anerelley,  and  Trichinopoly.  These 
»:  uie  regolation  districti.  The  non-regnla- 
^  dtetneti  are  Ganjam,  Komool,  and 
][|^>^3patuB.  Orer  each  of  these  districts 
an  b  a  Soropean  judge  and  a  collector, 
^  tk-reqniate  estaUishmentB.  There  are, 
Uo,  finr  pfoiirional  courts  of  circuit  and 
H?^  to  which  the  aboire-mentioned  judges 
(ft  Rilxffdiaate ;   and  a   supreme   court  of 

^pttl,  itationarj  at  Madras.     ^J^ 

w*';>^  mn^mUMadrdi,  Madias,  called 

bitbenatiTcs  Chemiapatam,  a  maritime  city 
^  fcrtres  of  Britbh  India,  and  the  capital 
^  ^  ibore  presidency.  It  was  founded  in 
^  ^«  IMO,  on  a  small  territory  fire  miles 
c  iogtb  by  one  in  breadth,  but  which  has 
'^  sa  tnz  of  thirty  square  miles.  No 
^  '^  poction  could  have  been  chosen,  as  it  is 
>3:ee  oo  a  flat  sandy  shore,  where  the  surf 
^  viih  extreme  Tiolence,  and  where  it  is 
'^^•■W  by  salt  water  creeks  or  rirers, 
J^  prevent  the  iatrodoction  of  a  stream  of 
22*««r  hrto  the  town.  The  original 
'*tRH  VM  a  small  square,  which  now  oon- 
^  the  public  offioea.  To  the  8.  of  this 
f^  the  4raxiefa,  near  to  which  is  the  resi- 
^  ^  tbe  gorenor ;  and  to  the  N.  of  the 
oi^  fort  is  the  ochaage.    All  the  offices  of 


gyremment  and  courts  of  justice  are  in  the 
rt,  which  is  called  Fort  St.  Geoi^ ;  but  the 
STcmor,  and  all  the  principal  mhabitants, 
re  houses  at  a  short  distance  in  the  country, 
where  thev  mostly  reside.  The  nabob  of  tiie 
Camatie,  has  also  a  palace  a  short  distance 
from  the  Esplanade,  and  there  is  a  cathedral 
oslled  St.  G«Drge's,  and  a  handsome  mosque. 
The  natiTe,  or  Black  town,  is  nearly  a  mile  to 
the  north  of  the  fort.  It  has  some  good 
streets  and  baiaan ;  but  the  houses  are  Tcry 
irregular.  There  are  also  seyeral  churches 
and  chapels  of  Tarious  religious  denominations, 
and  a  cenotaph  to  the  Marquis  of  Comwallis. 
Madras  is  an  episcopal  see,  and  there  is  also  a 
Boman  Catiiobc  bishop.  It  is  the  seat  of  all 
the  chief  gOTcmment  offices  for  the  presi- 
dency, sna  is  the  principal  commercial  em- 
porium of  the  Coromanad  coast  Its  trade 
IS  considerable  with  Europe,  the  United  States. 
China,  Ceylon,  Pegu,  the  Isle  of  France,  and 
different  parts  of  India;  but,  owing  to  the 
want  of  a  navi^ble  river,  and  the  difficulty 
of  landing  goooB  on  account  of  the  heary 
surf,  it  bbours  under  great  diudTantaffes. 
The  climate  of  Madras  is  Tery  hot.  fbp, 
estimated  at  between  700,000  and  800,000. 
Zat.  ir  4'  1"  N.  Xoff.  80^  U'  E.  The  site 
of  this  city  formed  the  'first  acquisition  of  the 
British  in  India,  who,  in  1639,  obtained  per- 
mission to  erect  a  fort  here.  The  French  took 
possession  of  Madras  in  1744,  and  entirely 
destroyed  the  Black  town  and  erer^  building 
which  stood  within  300  yards  or  the  fort. 
Out  of  the  ruins  they  constructed  an  excellent 
glads.  The  city  was  restored  to  the  British 
at  the  peace  of  Aix-la-ChapeUe,  in  1749| 
since  which  jperiod  it  has  been  graduallT  in- 
creased and  improTcd,  and  is  now  one  oi  the 
strongest  fortresses  in  India. 

JLijX^  madrasat  or  madrasah,  An  univer- 
sity, a  college,  an  academy,  a  public  school. 

{^jj^mudrtk,  part.  (fern.  iJjJk^),  Com- 
prehending; comprehensiTe.  Mudrak,  part, 
pass.  Comprehended. 

iSjtX^  mudrikat  (or  SSjS^i^),  The  un- 
derstanding, the  intellectual  powers ;  memory. 

\l^^jd^  madrHi,  Understood,  compre- 
hended. 

^jjS/t  madruhiyah,  Comprehensibility. 

aJ^(X«  mudarhimf  Moneyed,  rich. 

^j^;J^  madarl  (fem.  hj^x^),  A  citusen, 
(especially  of  Madar  in  Arabia). 

ycS^  mad^,  Invited,  called,  ^^J^, 

Any  person  prayed  for,  or  upon  whom  a  bene- 
diction ii  pronounced. 

_£jL^  mad^l,   Called.      Ifud^,   part. 

Causing  one  to  be  considered  as  a  son,  though 
he  is  not. 

^X«  fnadda^f  An  adversary  in  a  law- 


(352) 


^x. 


nit,  a  proteeDtoTy  ndtor,  rlamut  Pntend- 
ing^  preramiiiff,  aMortiiig,  ThuHftiiig ;  boMt- 
ing  (of  binn,  oourage*  etc).  Wiahiiig 
tmadj.  Ptofeaing,  dedanog.  CaUing, 
to  be  broogEi.    Addog  a  Umiiig. 


Claiming.  aJx  ^  J^y  A  eriminal ; 
a  defendant  in  a  lawanii     .  c£«X«St 

Sr 

lAji\,  The  plaintiff  and  the  defendant 

^pealed  to  ConstantiBople. 

Ji«Ve  mud^kH,   (A    country)   ftill  of 
thick  woode. 

«JiX^  msifa^  Cannon,  artillery,  any- 
tfamg  bj  wbich  an  enemy  is  lepalaed, 

^Jk^  wwdjik,  part  Ponring  out  water. 
^«x«  madfim  and  ^J^,   A  banal- 
place.   Jify^^i^^^^^^ 

Aoooidiiiglj  she  oontiiiiied  mouning,  weeping, 
and  wailing  for  a  whole  jetr,  firom  one  end  to 
the  o&er  end ;  after  which  she  said  to  me,  I 
haye  a  desire  that  then  shonldst  bnild  for  me, 
in  thy  palace,  a  tomb  with  a  dom^  that  I  may 
repair  thither  and  monm  in  retirement  and 
aoutoda,  and  I  will  call  it  the  houe  of  lamen- 
tations.   And  I  replied,  Do! 

9  y«V«,  madfu^  Eepulaed,  driven  o£ 

^yj^ma^J^a^fyaAyBepalBiyeneaB.  The 
action  produced  by  the  repulsing  power. 

^yj^  madfUn,  Buried,  concealed,  hid 
(as  treasure,  etc.,  under  ground). 

yj*iy  midak  or  ^Jw^,  An  instrument 

with  which  anything  is  bruised;  an  instru- 
ment with  whicn  com  is  thrashed ;  the  pestle 
of  a  mortar.  Mudikk,  part.  Broisinff,  beatinff 
small,  tlun,  or  fine.  Receiving  or  tuong  hold 
of  anything  small  or  subtile. 

JjIjl«  madliU,   Demonstration,   proof; 
anything  proyed. 

^^Jt«  tnadluliffahf  Demonstrableness. 
Significance.  [wall 

clA«(X^  midmdk,  A  row  of  stones  ia  a 
^^J^  mudammt^f  part.  See  ^^Jj, 

^r*JL«  mudamU^^  Boand  and  smooth* 


^Jb«  mmdim  (pL  of  JujJ^),  Cities. 

4jjt«  madanl^  A  citizen;  belonging 
Kedina.    Liying  in  a  town  or  towns; 

ized,  not  nomade.    i^*x^ 

CiyiUsed  or  town  hfe,  or  the  abstract 
of  liying  in  towns. 

jf^  J^  mudawwir,  part  Converting, 
ittg.    Mudmwwm'^  Round,  dreolar. 

vuMdshy  Astonished, 


foonded.     <Li>.Aj  ^A^   nMuttiUiliytfi 
Astonishment,  astonishingness. 
^Jy  vkNfy,  Aboandary,term,period,goa 

batt  for  archers.  Aii\  i^J^,  At  a| 
times.  f\y!i\^j^^\  ^X«,  In  allagcj 

fC*^  hmm^A,  Praise. 

jjX«  madid,  Long,  extensive,  tall  i 
stature.    A  kind  of  long  measure  in  yens. 

jl^X^  mudtr,  Turning  roond,  oonrezta| 
surrounding.  One  who  goes  or  driras  naui 
A  goyemor. 

^Ji*iy•  Madyan,  Median,  a  city  in  Anbi 
Petrea. 

■a 

^J^  madinat,  A  city,  espeeially  Mi 

dina  in  Arabia,  where  Mahomet  was  b«if> 
formerly  called  Yatrib.  Medinah,  which 
one  of  we  two  cities  rendered  sacred  by  a  en 
nezion  with  the  founder  of  the  Mahometi 
faith,  is  246  miles  from  Mecca.  It  coosisti  < 
about  fiye  hundred  houses,  most  of  which  si 
yeiy  poorly  built.  The  tomb  of  the  Pr^plM 
is  here,  and  is  placed  between  two  othen,  eec 
taining  the  ashes  of  the  first  Caliphs,  Ak 
Beker  and  Omar.  The  building  which  b 
closes  it  is  hung  with  silk,  which  is  resew 
eyenr  seyen  ^ears.  The  mosque  founded  I 
the  Prophet  is  said  to'  be  yenr  magnifiecn 
being  supported  by  four  hundrea  columns,  hi 
containing  three  hundred  lamps  always  ban 
ing.  Ddp.  8000.  This  was  the  seat  of  li 
Anbian  empire  under  Mohammad,  who  in 
here  in  the  year  632. 

*>\jju  /i!LJ\  ^.«J^»  Bagdad,  a  city 

of  Asiatic  TurW,  the  capital  of  tiie  Turk^ 
proyinoe  of  Bagoad,  intersected  by  ttie  Ti;c 
but  principally  situate  <m  the  east  side  of  t 
riyer,  200  muea  aboye  its  junclkm  with  t 
Euphrates.  The  dty  stands  in  the  midst  of 
forest  of  date-trees;  its  domes  and  minan 
ascending  aboye  them,  and  sufficiently  strib] 
and  picturesque  at  a  distance.  On  a  neai 
approach,  howeyer,  the  meannea  of  the  hooi 
of  which  the  city  is  mostly  composed,  tmi 
detracts  from  any  impression  of  the  bets 
with  which  it  may  haye  affected  tha  trayeCi 
as  they  are  mostly  of  brick,  and  genarallv  o 
story  high.     The  streets  axe  duty  ana  s 


(353) 


!/- 


piTed,  and  to  VBiaw  diai  two  honemen  ean 
miodj  nm  each  oilier  Abrast  The  lioiiMt 
tf  &ena,  however,  ara  handiome,  lui?iog  win- 
\awi  of  YcDetian  ^aee,  omamented  ocuinga, 
lad  a  eov^ari  In  the  frcmty  with  a  snuul 
pUitetiooof  onoge-traeL  There  are  nid  to 
be  ftboot  100  moeqiies  in  the  town.  The 
pmar^i  peliee  is  a  ^aeioas  edifice.  The 
wb  md  eoffee-hooMBp  ihongh  not  kept  in 
good  npir,  are  weQ  fire^nented  |  ana  &e 
ttrkeli  m  well  aoppUed  with  proTuiottB,  and 
ti^  opoK  of  sobentenee  ia  moderate.  The 
Vbbbi  uaart  of  a  magnificent  diaplay  of 
dupi,  ihadn  erery  deacription  of  feastem 
iBeAaSmiuj  \m  fomuL  Man/,  Theprin- 
opu  fltrad  and  veUow  leather,  whieh  ia 
oA  oteaed ;  aiik,  eotfam,  and  woollen 
(>&  hp,  about  60,000,  oonaisting  moatlj 
ef  Iisii  nd  Aiaba.  Lai.  sr  ir  10"  N. 
XA.44'22r45"£.— Bagdad  waa  founded  in 
*<&  h  the  9th  eentorj  the  famona  Haronn- 
i<*Biiehid  raped  here.  In  a  large  borial- 
pnadoatode  of  the  walla  of  the  town  there 
vstnib  ended  to  the  memorr  of  Zobeide, 
tte  «tfe  of  this  Oalq^  and  the  fiunona  lad  J  of 
^"noanad  and  One  Nighta."  Amongst 
<iteloaib9,itiaaaidtha;tthatof  the  Jewuh 
p^  Eie^  ia  here.  Bagdad  has  nnder- 
^  maj  rerolutiona,  and  waa  nearly  de- 
i&^iB  1638  by  Amnrath  17.,  to  whom  it 
■I'sdoel  Sinee  tiien  it  haa  been  anbjeot 
><^  Porte.  [debt 

^^  maiffiUt,  A  debtor,  inTolyed  in 

JS4  9mah,  Melted,  molten. 

^U  aodM  (pL  of  ^J^],  Altars. 

i/X^  mu&rif,  The  interior  angles  of 
*nye. 

1x4  madk,  Tasting,  taste ;  the  palate. 

">U  tm&karatf  Conferring  together, 
(^senontin^  reeoUeeting ;    conyeraation, 

/icf  1 1  j^  Ao/  hasal  heinahan  mtfsd- 

^  W«a/  ibAtttca,  Had  yon  any  oonTeraa- 
"•  together  on  thia  anbjeot  P 

-^^ifiWidW  (pUof  w^J^),  Sect, 
■^KBi  opinion. 

ft 

?^  aittiaA,  An  altar,  or  any  place 
^  0  aainal  is  aacrifieed. 

^M  muaiohub^  A  trifler  who  is  oon- 
"MythtngiBg  hii  &ney. 

t^nnkiiLh^  Slaughtered,  sacrificed. 
[A*  Miler,  Written. 

*•  MStfUir,  part.  BecoUecting ;  ad- 

IJttg,  nentiMDng.   JteiiifcA»r,  part  paaa.  Of 

*enaeriiae^4ar. 


jj^tVe    ffuaiitar,    Bemembered,    before- 
mentioned  ;  aaid,  related,  mentioned. 

JiX^  mtaMf  part  Rendering  vile  or 
abject,  diaoofering  one  to  be  ao. 

il'x^  moMoUaip  Baseness,  contempt. 

JJiVe  nunaUtl,  part.  Vilifying. 

^A^  mwrnnm,  part.  Becoming  contemp- 
tible, despicable,  rile,  mean,  base ;  discoTering 
to  be  base;  dmng  anything  viUanona  or  mean. 

l^J^numammat,  Blame,  scorn,  contempt. 

a^Jl«  mavnUm,  part.  Despised,  con- 
temptible, blameable. 
3  J^miisnt},part.  Acriminal,  a  sinner. 

nunhab,   A  sect,   a  religions 

order.  Ganon  law,  role,  religious  opinion. 
An  institution,  regulation. 

L^«Ve  mmib,  part.  Melting. 
j^  muTf  Bitter.     Myrrh. 
j^  mir'a,  Man  in  general,  expressing  all 

mankind,  with  the  article  l(ke,  ^sj^^ 

^r^Muilt  ^^  ^L^i ,  A  man  in  prosperity 

ia  like  a  tree,  which  people  flock  round  as  long 
as  it  is  loaded  with  fruit ;  but  as  soon  as  it  has 
dropped  the  fruit,  they  retire  from  beneath  it, 
ana  leare  it  to  suiSer  me  heat  and  dust.  Per- 
dition to  all  the  people  of  this  age,  that  out  of 
ten  none  may  remain ! 

i\j^  mtr&t  (pi.  ^}f)y  A  looking-glass, 
speculum,  mirror.  [buaineaa. 

^b^L«  mar&hahah,  Gaining,  profiting  in 

^}y  tnurdbitf  One  who  devotes  himself 

entirely  to  the  aerrioe  of  the  faith,  either  as  a 
warrior  to  guard  the  fh>ntieTa  against  external 
foes,  or  as  a  man  of  oiety  to  ^y  for  the  wel- 
fare of  the  church  ana  combat  internal  enemies. 

tZj\j^  tnarrdt  (pi.  of  ij^),  Times,  tarns. 
^\j^  nunrdtib  (pi.  of  ^UJy«),  Dignities. 
^  0]^  ij:^jf^  ^5-^»'^^  L5^-> 

M  I        -        • 

83 


^ 


t  i^UI  u-jj  uit, 


\ 


It* 


(354) 


\ 


■ole  of  mr  foot,  in  its  dignity,  nied  to  mount 
to  steps  aooTe  which  there  were  none  his/her ; 
and  fall  oft  presents  were  brought  to  mj  abode, 
but  I  did  not  choose  to  ac(£pt  them  from 
erery  one  who  offered  them  to  me. 

^]j^  mar&ii^  (pi.  of  ^j^)f  Meadows. 

>-\j^  murSja^t,  A  reference  to,  refer- 
ring, hanng  recoorse  (to  some  thing  or  person). 

>-L^  murdjamat,  Eighting,  throwing 
stones  at  one  another.  [stations. 

A^l^  mardhim,  Favours. 
J\j^  murdd,  DeBire,  will,  intention,  de- 
sign, inclination,  affection,  wish.     t« 


i^o\j^  j^\  ^\  LLJjtyi  md  kadart  an 

utammim  tnuradt^  I  was  not  able  to  accom- 
plish my  wishes. 

J^\  j\^  ^UaLJf,  Amurath  L,  a  Sultan 

of  the  Turks,  who  succeeded  his  feither  Orohan 
in  1360.  He  completed  the  conquest  of  the 
Greek  Empire.  He  founded  the  corps  of 
Janissaries,  conquered  Phrygia, '  and,  on  the 
plains  of  Cassova,  defaated  we  Christians.  In 
this  battle  he  was  wounded  by  an  Albanian 
soldier,  and  died  the  next  day,  1389. 

Jb!l  J]^  (^UaUt  Amurath  II.  suc- 
ceeded his  father,  Mahomet  I.,  in  1422.  The 
beginning  of  his  reign  was  disturbed  by  pre- 
tenders to  his  throne ;  but,  after  suppressing 
these,  he  abdicated  in  fiirour  of  his  son  Ma- 
homet, and  retired  to  a  society  of  dernshes, 
whence  he  was  soon  recalled  to  engage  against 
the  Hungarians,  who  had  invaded  the  Turkish 
dominions.  He  gained  a  great  victory  over 
the  Christians  at  Varna,  an^  in  1446,  quelled 
a  revolt  of  the  Janissaries,  and  succeeded  in 
resisting  the  famous  Scanderbeg  in  making 
advances  upon  his  territories.  He  then  turned 
his  arms  aeainst  the  Hun^rians  with  his 
wonted  good  fortune.  Finding  his  son  inade- 
quate, to  the  responsibilities  of  an  imperial 
station,  he  sent  him  to  govern  Asia  Minor, 
and  resumed  the  throne,    b.  1390 ;  d.  1461. 

(Jjbl\  j\^  ^UaLJl,  Amurath  HI.  suc- 
ceeded his  father,  Selim  II.,  in  1575.  He 
added  several  of  the  best  provinces  of  Persia  to 
the  Turkish  Empire,    b.  1544 ;  n.  1595. 

^\}\  *>)/•  j^UaLJl,  Amurath  IV.  suc- 
ceeded his  uncle  Mustapha  in  1622.  In  1638 
he  recovered  Bagdad  from  the  Persians,  after 
which  he  put  30,000  of  the  enemy,  who  had 
surrenders  at  discretion,  to  the  sword,  d. 
1640. — The  excessive  cruelty  and  debauchery 
of  this  prince  have  stamped  him  with  the 
character  of  being  one  of  the  worst  sovereigns 
that  ever  reignecTover  the  Ottomans. 


iij\j^mtirddafiU,  Pollowingoneanot^ 

BQCceeding. 
4^fc>|^  marddi,  Voluntary,  spontanea 

j\^  mirdr  (pL  of  5^),  Times. 
ij\j^  mardrat,  Bitterness.   Gall-blad 

**r-^'j  tiS^'j  Ji!\  ^jj^  ^  U\  U  i» 

I  was  therefore  affected  with  violent  vexsi 
not  to  be  exceeded ;  and  my  gall-bladda 
most  burst  by  reason  of  the  severity  o^ 
grief  and  mourning  and  fiitigue. 

lUij^  murdiolatf  Writing  a  letter 
sending  a  messenger  to  another.  CoRcsptoi 

^j^  mardaim,  Laws,  conditions,  ag 

ments,  pactions,  convoitions,  covenants,  i 

S,tions,    observances,    duties,    prescript 
arks,  signs,  customs,  usages. 

^1^(pLof*Ly.),Anchoni.    ^ 

And  at  that  island  the  master  of  tiie 
brought  her  to  anchor  witii  us.    He  casi 
anchor,  and  put  forth  the  laading-plaok, 
all  who  were  in  the  ship  landed  upon 
island.  [e»c 


dJ^\j^  mairdihid  (pL  of  ^^j^),  Goi 

Ju^l^  mardtid  (pi.  of  Juiy«),  Obse: 
tones.  A  place  for  a  look  out;  a  Inrkiog-J 

ij^\j^  murdiadai,  Seizing  an  oppo 
nity  of  invading  or  attacking  (an  eneiiiT). 

SU|^  mt4rdddt,  Endeavouring  to  pic 

iU|^  murd^dtf   Looking   back  u] 

considering,  lefiecting ;  viewing  atteot 
through  half-shut  eyes.  Attending  to,  U 
iog.  Taldng  care  o^  preserving,  gnir 
maintaining. 

^\j^  murfi^f,  part  Observing,  an 
server,  a  guardian,  a  cultivator,  a  suppon 

i\j^  mardffh,  The  rolling  or  wallow 
of  a  horse,  camel,  etc.,  on  the  ground. 

^\^  mardghabat,  Desire,  affection, 
penalty.  [Two  litigants  before  a  j 

^]j^  mardfi^f  High  places.     J^tr 
!m\j^  murdfa^tp  An  aotiooy  a  Isvi 


1 


(35fi) 


\ 


Jif^  wmr&ft,  put  A  ftUow  tnreller. 
^^mr^/Sub^Companyi  society.   ^Ji 

r^;'  1  ^1/  J  M  faM  ^nrys/Sini  la 

«i^  Sxe^  joa  Meompuiy  me,  I  win  not  go. 
j'^  MTdi,  A  wlum,  ftncy.    Gnriosityi 

asBi,  hjpochondruL 

wi^^  mrdit},  part  Lookixig  to,  ob- 
Ki^  [platioa. 

^1;^  MTOibAi^,  Obserrationy  oontem- 

•I 

^^mrSHd,  Sepulchres,  moniimentSi 

1^^^^  a«4it},  Ships,  any  machine  or 
iBoil  by  wiudi  people  «re  traiuported  from 

toplaee.   Vehicles.    ^  wimJ 

j:H!  ^  iLo  y ^  ^^^!^  J-j^j 

^1  (Jl«,  And  the  King  of  India 

M  of  ma,  and  aent  a  meaaage  to  my  lather, 
•'^ae&Df  ]im  to  aend  me  to  him ;  aod  he 
■at  to  my  &ther  Tazioiu  preaenta  and  magni- 
^  Ipfti,  aiieh  88  were  loitable  to  kingpi. 
«f  mr,  thflnfine,  fitted  oat  for  me  aiz 
(a{R,  nd  Mit  me  to  the  King  of  India. 

fS^/9,  or  ^^1^  i^A^,  Morocco,  or 

^^ceo,  t  coratiT  aitaate  at  the  N.W.  ex- 
^fBotj  of  A&iea,  boooded  on  the  N.  bj  the 
Mfioraaeaa,  oo  the  W.  bj  &e  Atlantic, 
^  Algeria  fonna  a  amall  part  of  ita  E. 
fr«&cr,  tod  OB  all  other  aidea  it  ia  lost  in  the 
muse  of  tiie  Sahara,  or  Deaert.  Ar§a, 
^■^uiuted  at  nearly  S00,000  aqnare  milea. 
^'^.  Moootainoiia,  bat  containing  many  fer- 
^  viUcyi.  It  ia  aeparated  into  two  parta  by 
^  peat  ehain  of  the  Atlaa,  which  entirely 
^^nes  it,  fint  from  eaat  to  weat,  and  then 
^s  Borth  to  aoath,  leaWog  between  itaelf 
^t  sea  a  plain  of  from  60  to  100  milea  in 
^^  Thia  plain,  the  length  of  which  may 
^  iQ  obUqoe  line  of  400  or  600  milea, 
^'f"^  all  the  fwtile  and  popoloua  part  of 
l^^^tto  The  other  division  conaiata  of  the 
^"307  hejrond  the  Atlaa,  which,  at  firat 
^*&  la  daties  and  wool,  paaaea  gradoally  into 
^J^^lUn.  River;  The  principal  are  the 
jl^nva, floving  into  the  Mediterranean;  the 
V-r^  Spa,  8^00,  and  Tenaift^  fiOline  into 
c;  iiintic ;  and  the  Draha,  beyond  the 
*^  iK  Wheat,  maiie,  millet,  barley, 
^"^  r^P^  olires,  an^-cane,  tobacco,  and 
^^^B-  Much  more  grain  ia  produced  than  is 
*™at  for  ita  own  consumption.  Wool  is 
^  voy  plentiAi].  Goats  afford  another  Tisry 
*LttbU  ooanedily,  their  skins  supplying 


that  leather  which,  nnder  the  name  of  Morocco, 
IS  so  distinffaished  for  its  softness,  nliancy,  and 
beauty.  Tne  grass  lands  foed  a  fine  race  of 
horaea,  the  exportation  of  which  ia  prohibited; 
and  large  numbera  of  aheep,  oxen,  and  mulea 
are  reared.  Oamels  and  aaaea  are  the  principal 
beasts  of  harden.  Ostriches  are  numerous  on 
the  borders  of  the  southern  deaert,  and  their 
fSMthets  form  aTaluable  article.  Fruits  abound ; 
but  Morocco  is  chiefly  diatinguiahed  for  al- 
monda.  MineraU,  The  Atlaa  moontaina  con- 
tain iron,  tin,  copper,  and  antimony.  Thii  last 
ia  oarefhlly  worked,  being  a  aubetanoe  exten- 
sively used  in  Oriental  ooametioa.  Mineral 
aalt  occurs  throughout  the  empire  in  the 
greatest  abundance;  and,  besides  home  con- 
somntion,  makes  a  copious  article  of  export  to 
Souoan.  InhoHtmtU,  The  basis  of  the  popu- 
lation is  formed  of  what  are  called  Hoora ; 
eonaiating  of  the  original  people,  now  mixed 
and  coalesced  with  their  Arab  conquerora.  and 
with  the  tribea  who  hare,  at  Tarioua  timea, 
poured  in  from  the  African  deserts.  To  these 
are  added  a  considerable  number  of  the  Moors 
who  once  reigned  over  Spain.  The  Jews  are 
Tery  numerous,  particularly  in  the  cities ;  and, 
\n  diot  of  exclusiTe  qualification,  carry  on  all 
the  mercantile  and  money  transactions.  Every 
apeciea  of  oppreaaion  ana  contempt,  howeyer, 
ia  heaped  upon  thia  devoted  race.  They  are 
considered  by  the  Mussulmana  of  Morocco  in 
the  light  of  unclean  aniraala  and  of  enemies  of 
God,  and,  if  they  do  not  exterminato  them,  it 
is  only  because  they  are  useful,  and  because 
true  beUerera  haye  a  right  to  tarn  eyerytbiog 
to  account  Indeed,  were  the  Jewish  popula- 
tion suddenly  remoyed  from  the  countir,  such 
an  eyent  would  be  a  public  calamity  ot  incal« 
culable  magnitude ;  for  it  ia  the  Jew  alone  who 
can  mend  a  lock,  build  a  houae,  make  gold  and 
ailyer  trinketa,  coin  money,  decorate  a  room, 
or  weaye  ailk ;  all  such  handicrafts  being  re- 
g^arded  by  the  Mussulman  with  supreme  con- 
tempt. Eyery  night  the  Jews  are  shut  up  in 
a  particular  quarter,  inclosed  with  a  wall,  and 
it  ia  only  after  sunrise  they  are  allowed  to 
enter  the  Mussulman  town,  where  they  haye 
their  shops.  The  Jewish  quarter  is  called 
'*  Mellah,  which  means  a  place  of  damnation. 
The  Jew  is  obliged  to  wear  black  clothes,  that 
colour  being  the  emblem  of  misfortune  and 
malediction.  When  the  Sultan  paases  through 
a  town,  the  Jews  of  the  place  are  obliged  to 
offer  him  rich  and  magninoent  presents.  Yet, 
with  all  this  burden  of  seryitude  upon  them, 
they  neyer  abjure  their  faith.  This  constency, 
howeyer,  certainly  commendable  in  itself,  is 
coupled  with  the  erossest  ignorance  and  super- 
stition. Monf,  Woollen,  cotton,  and  silk 
fabrics,  carpeta,  red  cans,  leather,  saddlery, 
chip  baskets,  and  eartnenware.  The  tnde 
with  the  Leyant  is  carried  on  by  the  Mecca 
and  other  carayans,  whilst  a  coasting  trade  is 
carried  on  by  feluccas  with  the  Barbary  states. 
Exp,  Hides,  skins,  oliye-oil,  gums,  wax,  wool, 
honey,  dates,  indigo,  shawls,  and  carpets. 
Gov.  The  most  despotic  on  the  &oe  of  the 
earth,  without  either  law  or  religion  to  mod^ 


(356) 


it.  Army.  During  war,  about  100,000,  oon- 
sistiiig  mostly  of  neffroet.  Navp»  Tneigniflcant. 
Pop,  about  9,000,000.  Zai.  between  28"*  and 
36"  N.  Ltm.  between  0°  40'  and  IV  40'  W. 
— ^Tbis  is  the  ancient  Mauritania,  and  waa,  in 
antiquity,  a  country  of  great  importance.  It 
hai  belonged  gaooeniTely  to  the  Bomans, 
Yandalfl,  Greeki,  and  Arabs.  In  the  11th 
oentury  it  fell  under  the  sway  of  the  Fatimite 
Khalin,  who  alao  held  power  over  Algeria, 
Tunis,  and  Tripoli,  and  Dushed  their  Tictorious 
arms  into  Spain.  The  Cherift,  who  pretended 
to  hare  been  the  lineal  descendants  of  Maho- 
met, obtained  power  over  the  country  in  the 
16th  century.  This  last  dynasty  reigns  in 
Morocco  at  the  present  time,  the  soyereiffu 
being  Muley-Abderrahman,  who  ascended  the 
throne  in  1822.  The  sovereign  of  Morocco 
takes  the  title  of  Sultan.  Since  the  conouest 
of  Algeria  by  the  French,  the  Moroccans  naye 
frequently  come  into  collision  with  the  former, 
at  whose  hands  they  suffered  a  seyere  defeat 
at  Isly,  in  1844.  In  1869  war  was  declared 
by  Spain  against  Morocco,  which  the  priests 
desired  to  oonyert  to  the  Catholic  fsith.  The 
sesult  was  unsatisfactory. 

^j^\;^  or  v/^]/«  ^*^9  Horocco,  called 

by  the  natives  Marakasch,  the  capital  of  the 
aooye  Empire,  stands  in  a  fertile  nlain  126 
miles  from  Mogador.  The  circuit  of  its  walls 
still  appears  to  be  calculated  for  at  least 
800,000  inhabitants.  It  is  now  much  depopu- 
lated, and  coyered  with  the  accumulated  nuns 
of  houses  and  gardens ;  it  still  retains  yestiffes, 
boweyer,  of  its  former  grandeur.  The  temples, 
sanctuaries,  and  mosques  are  numerous,  and 
some  of  the  latter  particularly  lofty  and  splen- 
did ;  there  are  also  three  gardens,  with  splendid 
payilions.  The  palace  ii  of  hewn  stone,  orna- 
mented with  marble,  and  with  its  eardens,  in- 
closed-by  walls,  occupies  a  space  of  three  miles 
in  circumference.  The  Kaiueria^  or  depart- 
ment for  trade,  is  an  oblong  buildiiig,  sur- 
rounded with  small  shops,  which  are  filled 
with  every  species  of  valuable  commodity.  The 
inhabitants  are  dirty,  and  the  habitations 
swarm  with  vermin.  Man/,  Leather  and  em- 
broidery. iW  about  80,000.  Lot.  S0°  67' 
N.  Lon.  T  W. — ^This  town  was  founded  in 
1072  A.D. 

m\j/%  mardm,   Desire,  wish,   intention, 


purpose,  design.  *-*J^jj'*3u*jS^,^\^ 
^Jlc  Sm^sfT  U^  vJ^^'^  mardml  alwa- 

hid  an  atiammim  wajibatl  katna  yti^jib  ^a/- 
layya^  My  only  wish  and  design  is  to  perform 
my  duties  as  I  ought  to  do. 

T^J^  iwarafrtA  (pi.  of  ^^^-^j^).  Fans. 

i^^j^  murdwadat,  Endeavouring  to  con- 
.  ciliate. 

JU^K^  mwr&icaghatt  TTsing  art  or  fraud. 
j|w«  miratf  A  mirror. 


fift^]f  fMrdhm  (pL  of  ^Jb^),  Ointments. 

hjb\y  murdhanat,  Contending,  deposit- 
ing the  bets  (especially  at  a  horse-race,  etc.). 
Pledge. 

4^*1^  murdi  (or  iyj|/e),  A  hypocrite. 

i^\^  mmdydif  Acting  hypocritically. 

<Uy^  mwrahhat,  A  preserve,  a  confection. 

laj^  tnarhii  or  marlai,  A  place  where 
cattle,  etc.,  are  tied  up ;  a  stable. 

^,j^  fnarha^,  A  spring  habitation. 

^j^  fnurdbhi^,  murabha^  Square,  quad- 
rangular. An  epigram,  song,  etc.,  of  four 
verses  or  four  lines ;  a  quatrain. 

^^j^  marhtLt,  Bound,  fastened,  con- 
tained, inherent,  depending  upon. 

9y,j^  fnarH^  (fem.  dr^^),  Twisted, 

or  formed  of  four  ropes  or  parts.  Having  a 
quartan  ague.    Of  a  short  statue. 

^j^  fnarli,  Educated,   brought  up. 

•*  Mi 

^gJj^  murabhl^  An  instructor,  tutor, 

curator,  guardian,  corrector.  A  confectioner 
or  preserver  of  fruits.  Murabba^  Educated. 
Preserved  (fruits). 

ij^  tnarrai  or  marrah  (pi.  oL«),  One 
time  or  turn,  once,  ij^  ^  ^,  One 
after  another,  again  and  again,  u;^^ 

j\Aji\  SL,  And  I  said,  Not  every  time 

does  the  jar  escape  unbroken.  This  time,  far, 
far  from  me  is  the  prospect  of  my  finding  him 
who  will  convey  me  to  inhabited  lands. 

i^^^J^  muratiib,  part.  Ordering,  direct- 
ing ;  a  director.  Murattabf  part  pass.  Put 
in  order,  regulated. 

^j^  martahat  or  martdbah,  A  step,  de- 
gree, dignity,  office,  employment,  charge,  rank 
of  honour.  [bling,  raging. 

tnvrtqff,  Moved,  agitating,  trem- 


^^j^  murtajihf  Moved  backwards  and 
forwards,  up  and  down  in  the  swing  or  see-saw. 


*• 


jJ^  murtadd,  An  apostate,  renegade. 

^jJ^  murtadi^  part.  Abstaining,  re- 
straining oneself 


(357) 


v^^J;^   murioihl,   part.  Corrupted  by 
proMnti,  robomed,  bribed. 

t-oT^  murtadi^,  Sacking  (milk);  (a 
she-goat)  snoking  ber  own. 

murtadl,  Content,  satisfied.    \j\ 

Jiddgn,  I  am  very  satisfied  with  you. 

^5-iyt   muriada\    Agreeable,    chosen, 
approyed.  ^^^ 

*W^  murta^fd,  part  Trembling,  dread- 

lA-«^/-*  fnurta^ish,   part.   Trembling, 

^^*«»«^  [sttbUma 

j-ij;^  «tttffa/a^,  Elevated,  exalted,  high, 

S-*^^  murtakib,  part.   Perpetrating, 
oommittiiig  (a  oime). 

^C^ murtakam,  Heaped  up,  augmented, 

and  becoming  condensed  and  compact 
iPj^  muraUti,  part.  A  singer  in  church. 

S-^/Ja^  ^y^  J^'  'i^  hatal  murattH 

•atifftahu  muirib,  This  singer  has  a  very  agree- 
able Toice.  '  ^ 

^^5'«Jr^  murtaml,  Thrown,  cast  forth. 

Lfyj^  murtawl,  part.  Having  the  thirst 
quenched. 

ijiij-^  murtahtn,  part.  Receiving  from 
another  a  pledge  or  security.    Pledged,  being 

a  surety  or  bondsman,     ii^,^,  Anv- 
^  thing  pledged.  -^j->       J 

«u^  marBdt  and  iJ^,  Lamenting  (any 
PersonJ  pronouncing  a  funeral  eulogium.  A 
«nwral  oration,  an  elegy,  a  dirge. 

^r»  »^'  (pl-  -5; j|/^)»  A  field  with  raised 

borders  for  planting  or  sowing.    A  meadow 
partnre. 

trWyt  fnifjOty  A  stene  tied  to  a  rope 
wd  let  down  into  a  well  in  order  to  move  the 
mw,  which  being  carried  off  by  the  flux,  the 
remMntt|j  irater  becomes  pure;  also  a  stone 
jmh  which  they  fathom  the  depth  of  a  well, 
^er  tiieie  is  water  in  it  or  not. 

wVj^  marj&n,   Cora     J^^\  Ijjh 

.;^  Jlfi  JU  hmM  nwrjon  mal  ^dl 
1***^  This  coral  is  of  the  best  quality. 

MMort  excellent,  superior. 


marfu,  part.  Hoped  for,  expected, 
requisite.    J  IjLy  ^!  ^  ^^\ 

Jj  J^*^;*-*  «/ maty'a  mmkum  an  tanaiil 


n  tanduk  «i/,  You  are  requested  to  send  me  a 
box  of  indigo. 

j>y^   fnarfuh,   Preponderating,   pre- 

yaiSng.  becoming  superior,  placing   before, 
prelerring. 

^j^  marfu^  and  S^^j^,  A  return; 

whatereria  returned,  brought  back,  answerod. 
■y^  marhahd,  You  are  welcome,  may 
^  your  arrival  be  happy.     Hail !  welcome  I 
il^j^  marhalai,  A  day's  journey ;  the 

time  or  place  of  traTcUtng;  an  inn  or  any 

halting  place  for  travellers.     ^^Uu^l 

There  are  four  days'  journey  from  Alexandretta 
to  Aleppo. 

*-4*»y.^  marhamat,  Pity,  oompassion, 

mercy,  clemency,  favour.    ^^Ull  t jJb 


^i 


IT" 


i  hazal  kddi   la  marhamat 


hhu,  This  judge  is  merciless.    LiS'U. 

^^jtnr  <U^^  c--i>-U?,  Our  governor 
is  very  merciful. 

^^j^  murhum  (fem.  Lt^^),  Pitied. 
One  who  finds  pity.  One  whom  God  has 
taken  into  his  mercy,  the  defunct  of  happy 

memory,     the     deceased,       (^^j^^ 

ajUU  lilc  ^l^  Ll^lj  al  marhum  wait- 
dakkan  ^liman  Ulghayah,  The  defunct,  yonr 
father,  was  a  very  learned  man. 

U^^j^  fnurakhkhas,  part  pass.  Per- 
mitted, allowed.  A  licensed  person.  Jjb 
\S^  J^\  \^l  ^^  tKil  hal 

annaka  murakhkhoMtn  H-iJra  al^amal  hakaza^ 
Are  you  authorized  to   act   in  this   way? 

^  U^^j^jt^*  ^ot  permitted.  Unlawful. 
<^  maradd,  Eeturning,  answering,  re- 


th'JLr*^"^  and  iw>>^,  A  return, 
•«»e«plaoeof  return,  refuge.  Rspetition. 


one  returns. 

v-Jj^  murdaf,  part.  pass.  Entered,  or 
carried  after  another.  Murdtf,  part.  act. 
Coming  behind,  foUowing;  remaining  or 
riding  behind. 

1^^^  mardgOshf  Maijoram. 


uV^ 


(358) 


J^%>^  mardfui  (fern,  if J^J^),  Betorned, 

reatored,  rejected.  Bepulsed,  grclnded,  re- 
probatedi  confuted. 

5 J^  maradah,  Obetinate  rebelB. 

cjJ^    mardu^,    Infected,     tmctured, 
stained.    Inrertod,  fidlen  back,  relapeed. 

Jj^J^morsu/,  Contemptible,  reprobated. 

^^jj^  Id  ia^awwid  nafiaka  ^Muuhr 

fatadha*  martukm^  Do  not  aocostom  yonrielf 
to  dnmkenneae,  as,  by  so  doing,  yon  Mcome 
contemptible. 

{j^jj^  nmnakln,  A  general  of  the  oon* 

fines,  a  goTcrnor  on  the  borders  of  a  hostile 
country,  a  lord,  marcher,  a  margraTC  or  land- 
grave. 

^^^jj^   fnar%anj6ih   and    ^f^jf% 

Sweet  maijoram ;  a  blue  flowered  intoxicating 
'  herb.  [quired  by  art. 

Jljj^  ffMfsiZJfc,  Happy,  fortunate.     Ac- 

\j*ty  marif  Sticking  (as  a  rope)  between 
the  block  and  the  pnlley. 

ifLy«  mirsdt  (pi.  i^]/^)}  ^^n  anchor. 

JLy«  mirtdl,  Despatched,  sent. 

^Lo^  maroMot  (coll.  (jMy«),  A  rope. 

J«^  mursH,  part.  Sending  an  ambas- 
sador. Murtalf  part.  pass.  Sent  to  others.  An 

ambassador,prophet,apostle.  J.^  ^^, 

The  prophet  sent.  ^^^Ju^^i,  Prophets, 

apostles.  iJ\  i^j^f  The  man  to  whom 
any  person  or  thing  is  sent 

M^j^  tnarMfn  (pi.  ^)/«)»  An  argument; 
sign,  mark. 

(^y^j^  martumy  Signed,  marked,  notified, 
described ;  prescribed,  accustomed.  A  mandate. 

tr^j^  f^'r9sa\  A  harbour,  port,  anchor- 
age ground. 

^j^f  fnarrtn,  A  myrtle  (tree). 
^Uj^./t,  Prayers  for  the  dead. 

iiiij^  marashahaty  An  instrument  with 
which  they  sprinkle  anything. 

jLt^  marthad  (pi.  tXi»\y),  The  right 

way.  A  firm  resolution.  Mwthidy  A  guide 
to  the  right  way,  i.«.  to  salvation. 

«X^^  martad  (pi.  txJ\j^),   A  place  of 
obserration  or  lying  in  wait    Ambush. 


l^^^A^  mmraaat,  CoTered  with  leai 

^f/^  tnuraui^y  part.  One  who  k\ 
with  jewels.     JTMrosMi^,  part  paa.  [fa 

^Uu0^),  Covered  with  gold,  set  vit 
jewels.  <?4jlrir  Lj  LA\  C^  )o^)  J 

*X>^\  IfAfi  j^xSiJ  Jj^ji\  ^Uii;  iu; 
C/^\,  And  in  the  midst  of  th^ 

dome  was  a  great  dome-erowned  stnctsre  i 
alabaster,  around  which  were  lattuse-wiado^ 
decorated,  and  adorned  with  oblong  eoienlii 
such  as  none  of  the  kings  could  procara. 

^yoy  mari^,  Compact,  firm,  iodii 

soluble.    Filled  up,  ftall  (well). 

^j^  marad  (pi.  ijo\j^\),  Disease,  indii 

position,  malady,  distemper.  Jij 
LjUt,  The  fiUling  sickness.  ,Jj> 
^^^lx|   An   accidental   impodtioi 

^JL^  uV^'  ^  disease  from  natun 

Jj:  lJ^\  ^^  J>j^\  iJ  Jbjl  J 

CLiy^\  9  Kow  it  came  to  pass  tfast  tii 

king  fell  sick  one  day,  whereupon  his  be 
throbbed,  and  he  felt  that  he  was  sbovttoi 
removed  to  the  mansion  of  eternity ;  tha  ^ 
malady  inereased,  so  that  he  was  at  the  poi 
of  death. 

i^Oj^  muraddat,  A  hammer  or  mslle< 
anything  used  in  threshing  oom. 

w^  marda^,  A  teat,  a  nipple ;  any  pb 

sucked.  Murdi^  (fem.   ^Lm^)>  P^ 

(A  mother)  having  a  sucking  in&nt  or  youi 
A  nurse. 

^j^  vMMnM  (pi.  of  ^^f  mm\S)y  T 
sick.   ^j^lj^^w^droMwimii 

The  visitation  of  the  sick.  ^^ 
marMdiy  Belonging  to  sicknea.  MoHi 
liJtj^  maradiyaif  Morbidness.    ^ 

murdi  (fem.  ^j^  mtrAyoA),  Agn 

able,  acceptable,  anything  one  takesa  pies^ 
in,  laudable. 

v.^^  muratUbf  Codling,   refreshk 


(359) 


CT, 


This  u  t  oooliog  medicine.      Vi-r^ly* 
MMMil^  (Mad,  nfrwhed. 
^'Jp^  A  glased  TesaeL 

i\ij^  mirM,  Pastare,  a  meadow. 
i^^^^MT^f},  Dreadfoli  terrible,  for- 


^/t  mr^H  part  Thondering. 

t^T^i  ¥insh,  a  paehalio  of  Aeiaiic 

Tisfar,  iodoMd  by  the  pasbalioi  of  SiTas, 
itoa,  iBMMnia,  Aleppo,  ind  Diarbekir. 
Jt  B  knened  by  the  pnneipal  chain  of  the 
Taan  M omtaiiu.  Lmi,  between  88"  3*  and 
V»f^.  Im.  between  36"  and  ST  40*  £. 
TWapisal  ii  of  tiie  aame  name,  and  ttanda 
any  Bifai  from  the  Golf  of  Seaodaroon. 

^fj4  iMr^«i,  Terrified. 

^/t  mar^,  Pasture,  forage.    A  place 

ofpMtm.    Jfor^I  (fern.  XIc^),  A 
AcpWd,  pastor,  one  who  feeds  or  gOTems. 

Goroned,  guarded,  obeenred.     ^t^^ 

*-i^,  Things  worthy  of  attention. 

« 

^/«  MpyA,  Pasturing,  eating  np  the 

vUe  hap  (a  horae) ;  beuw  amongst  herb- 
^L  Aniatiag  all  orer  with  oil  or  angnent. 

^f/*  wmgk%h^   Desirable,   amiable, 
iH7,atimablc^exeenent,beantifiiL  Desired, 

(^/«  mi^ol,  The  elbow ;  a  cabit.  Mar- 

A  A  piaee  vpon  which  a  person  leans  with 

atttbow. 

^ff%  marfkt,  Broken,  brayed,  bruised. 

\fr  «sr/llj_  (fern.  ^^)>  Exalted, 

<^  b^  honoured.  Marked  with  the 
^poiBtf^ii).  (Q«menti)ofgfeatT8lne; 
up,  oa«  laid  o?er  another. 

**/•  wwjtt,  part   (see  Ajy ).    Jfk- 
''M  Qaiet,   tranquil,   contented,  happy, 

iw«penras.  JU\  Aj^  and^UJ\  J^, 
Cootcated  in   mind,   easy  at  heart 


•  Ulk^,  That  their  meetings  are  plea- 
sant, and  their  minds  tranqail,  and  their  fbod 
ia  prorided  ibr  them,  and  their  times  axe  bright 
and  cheerftil ;  that  wheroTer  they  alight  ther 
pick  np,  and  whererer  they  make  an  attack 
they  gather  the  spoil;  while  there  is  no  country 
that  wey  call  tiieir  home,  nor  any  sorereign 
whom  they  fear;  but  they  are  tike  birds,  tiiat 
go  out  in  the  morning  empty,  and  retom  home 
in  the  erening  with  a  ML  Delly. 

Jj^  nuMTok,  Broth. 

^^^y^   marlah  and  ^y^»    A  watch 

tower  or  other  high  place  whence  obserration 
is  made. 

^/*  mardkat^  A  quantity  of  broth. 

jjye  mariadf  A  sepulchre,  a  tomb,  a 

monument  A  bed,  sleeping-place.  Mwrktd, 
put  So^riferons,  conciliating  sleep.  Markad, 
A  medicine  promoting  rest. 

%fj^  murakki^,  part  (see  ^ti^y  )•  -Kt- 

fwUia^ ,  part.  pais.  Patched,  mended ;  ragged, 
dothed  in  raga. 

(^j^j^  fnarkUm,  Written,  described,  in- 

aeribed,  computed.  Aboye-mentioned,  pre- 
dicted. Marked,  especially  with  orthogra- 
phical points.  [magic 

cS/«   moritf,   Fascinated,   defended  by 

Mari$ffydhf  An  ancient  town  in 
Phoenicia,  which  was  situated  between 
^^^Jej\f  Antaradiis  or  Orthosia,  and 

(jmImL,  Balnlas  or  Batanea,  of  which 

the  ruins  can  be  seen  not  hx  from  the  shore 
of  the  sea.  [of  the  nose. 

iji\  \^j^  vmrhayd^l  unfi.  The  two  rides 

^  I  markdbt  A  ship,    ^^j^  murak- 
kaby  part  pass.  Compounded,  composed,  mixed. 

w^^  cJ^Tf  OroBS  ignorance,  ^^^y 

j\j  markah  ndr,  A  steamer.   iZJJo^y 

If-i  iJ^^<^  ^^^j^3*  ^^^  ^  ioxmdi  a 

handsome  new  Teasel,  with  sails  of  comely 
canyaa ;  and  it  had  a  numerous  crew,  and 
was  superfluously  equipped ;  and  I  cansed  my 
bales  to  be  loaded  in  her. 

jiy  marJUm,  A  centre.      d^Qlj!:^, 

The  centre  of  a  circle.  MarkM,  A  place  of 
residence,  a  halting-place,  a  camp. 

^fj^  nutrkah,   (A  carriage,  animal, 
road,  etc.)  by  or  through  which  one  trareUi. 


•/r* 


(860) 


\f/*  marihlf,  Fixed,  fastened. 

<U^  mwrammat^  Beparation,  mendingi 

aooommodating. 

Ju«^  murtnad,  Blear-eyed. 

j.^*^  marmar,  Marble. 

^yf  marmni,  Looking  back.    Con- 
sideriDg  or  glancing  at  slightly. 

i^y^  marmi,   Thrown,  cast  forward. 

\^  Jcs-li,  I  found  ibis  paper  thrown 
down  in  the  house,  and  I  took  it. 

^^j^  mtrtoah,  A  milk  veaael. 


-* 


»9j^   maruatf  Being  bold,  maacoline, 

manly,  yiforous.  Manhood,  virility,  forti- 
tude.      Humanity,    generosity,    politeness. 

\^jj^  l5^  Wi;^  lf«)lL^  ^;*^^^  ^^ 

u^^rijjb  ^  sJmj  UK  l^  ^^ 

^lSx  ^  *«^y  >  -^d  when  they  (fern. 

pi.)  heard  her  words,  they  .thanked  her  for  her 
Kindness,  and  said  to  her.  Whatever  thou  dost 
with  this  stranger,  thou  wilt  be  rewarded  and 
recompensed  for  it.  [meadows. 

^^^    mwrikj   (pL    of   ^^),    Fields, 

0^^j^   murawwif,  One  who   promotes, 

advances,  or  gives  course  or  animation  to  any 
business. 

^^-^y  mtrwahat,  A  fan,  a  ventilator. 

I  ordered  two  maids  to  sit,  one  at  my  head, 
and  the  second  (the  other)  at  my  feet,  and  to 
ha  me. 

J^j^  murnd,  Obstinacy,  rebelliousness. 
j^j^  murnr,  A  passage,  pass,  transition. 

i^^j^   marwl,    Belated,    alleged,    told. 

Placing  confidence  in  the  words  of  another. 
Having  the  thirst  quenched. 

Hj,^  marrah,  Once,  one  time. 

^j/9  marham,  A  plaster,  any  dressing 
for  wounds.    Ointment 

i^^j^  marhuh,  Terrible,  dreadful, 
^yb^  marhun,  Pledged,  pawned. 
t^j^  mari,  The  windpipe. 


C^ 


mwih,    Doubtful,    apooiyph 
suspected.  [planet  Ml 

J^fy  marrlkh  or  fCj^  murriikj  t 

Jjy^  marid^  An  obstinate,  rebeUio 
person. 

^/ojj^  marid  (pi.  ^j-^)»  Sick,  infin 

^^  maryam,  Mary.   Jtf^^rij^^ 
^  AM  «/ft0tti^  The  Blessed  Viigin.  ^ 

m^\j^  miadj,   The   temperament,  ooi 

plexion,  constitution,  habit  of  body.  Amixtil 
anything  mixed.     Whatever  is  mixed  t 

wine.  (^y^Jl  ^1/^^  ^  noble  dis^ 
sition,  an  excellent  constitution.  j\ 
'P']/^\t  Of  a  hot  or  fieiy  complexly 
^UJ\  H^J'  ^^  ^  humid  con8titot2( 
Jj^  nUidh,  Playing,  jesting,  a  jo^ 

C  •    y^^  ^^  ^  *^  •  vl>  J 

kvUi  wakten  ghayr  mubSh  It  is  not  sllow^ 
joke  and  jest  whenever  people  like  to  do  loj 

Ju>-|j^  mmdJumuUf  Hindering,  diftu] 

in^,  pressing  upon,  especially  in  a  cro^ 
Hmderance,  impediment,  ohstrootioD.  Acro^ 
a  mob.    Approaching  to  fifty. 

4>|^   ifunddf.    Auction,  selling   to  I 
highest  bidder.  [a  sepulcfare,  s  toi 

j\j^  nundr,  A  place  of  visitation ;  hex 

u^jU^  Madfih,  The  name  of  the  i 

castle  on  the  Hadj  road  from  DamsscBs; 
was  built  by  the  great  Sultan  Selim. 

^j])^  nuMra^  (pi.  of  i^jy*\  A  field 

^^\j^  matdmlr  (pi.  otJ^y%  nndjyy 
ThePsahns. 

^•\u  mutdtoqfai,  Coupling,  joining 

bi>.  ma«dyd  (pi.  of  ^>i   m^yy^ 
Special  points,  virtues,  advantages. 

if  JjU^  mtadyadah,  Putting  up  ataacti< 
JjU  mtabid,  part.  Foaming  (sea). 

iLL  U  fnathalat,  A  dunghill ;   any  pl^ 

where  they  throw  the  filth  or  sweepiogs  q 
house;  a  necessary.  [aforoti 

J!X/*  ^'^^'^^^f  Written,  above  mentionj 

»j^  nunaat,  One  suck.      Wine  of 
agreeable,  sharp  taste.  [water,  I 

-p.^  nuuf,  Mixing,  tempering  wine  w{ 
^J^  nMsh,  Playing,  jesting. 


r> 


(361) 


iJ»J4  flMoi^,  part.  Bracing  biB  legs 

(» I  fttigwd  hone,  etc.). 
J>j^  ftoib^  BediniDg,  leoeding,  de- 

f>  U  mmkm,  Maeh  pressed  or  preesiog. 
4i>j4,  Perplexity,  diatorbanoey  troable. 
iJ^^MBttblra/^,  Ornamented,  ^^dcui 

TheT  opaed  one  of  tiioM  doiets,  and  found  it 
fifed  fiA  anns,  deeotated  witii  Tarieties  of 
goUadalTerjeweli. 

^J^f  mmi^,  part  Prohibiting.  Ifus- 
i^,pirt.pM8.  Forbidden,  repulsed,  rejected. 

0>^^  MOKUfiWy  A  crowded  place. 

i^jJ^  Mwifrl,  part.  Deepiaing.    Jfta- 
Arv*,  pert.  peei.  Despieed,  eontemptible. 

j:^]^miMf,part.De8pi9ing,Blighting. 
vl?/*  MTdi  (pL  c-^}/*  ffundri^), 

igstter. 

j|jr^  niirfii,  A  jaTelin>  a  demi-lance. 
$  t^mve^or  ^jj^f  ^  ^o^d  sown. 
J^j/t  mmarioihj  Hade  of  gold  wire. 
^j^«j^  flMira^(fem.  *cjjj**),  Sown. 

J/^  flMi^fii,  Terrified. 

<J^  MiaLrf,  The  name  of  a  little  bird. 

J^U  nedfii,  Skinned  from  head  to 

ff/9  madAm,  Having  a  rheum. 

j|^  ttaldi,  A  bolt  or  bar  of  a  door.    (A 
wr)  oAcn  bringing  forth  abortions. 

^/«  tuuUat,  A  slippery  place. 
^/«  Mi/aia^,  A  slippery  place,  lubricity. 
;^J4  mmmdr,  A  Ante;  a  psaltery. 
^J4  mcmt^,  Intending  to  do  some* 

^  in  the  future.  jJlmJ\  ^^j^ 
■iMi^«tM/ar,  Intending  to  nndertake  a 
j«iniey.  u^Xe^Sl  ^^^  muxmi^utto' 
^■^,  InteodiBg  to  beeome  a  kmg.  Intend- 
ing to  reign  in  a  future  time,  ^^j^ 
jldwAflnteoding  tobe  Tiotorious  orin- 
^eoM  to  become  victorious.     ^tV^ 


ir^liult  miomi^fd  muidjarah,  Intend- 
ing to  beoome  a  nodiani  Intending  to  under- 
take commereial  transactions,    ^^j^ 
J  Jl  mtmmi^  uUaraikl,  One  who  is 

intended  to  be  promoted.    ^\  ^j^^ 

mt^dm  ^wtf  The  one  who  ia  to  oome  with 
great  glory. 

^J^  eiKSffim,  part  Lasting  or  continu- 
ing long.   Ohronic,  old,  long-standing. 
jy}^  mamnlLr,  A  psalm,  a  canticle. 
JjJ^  minwaj,   (A  woman)   marrying 
^often.  [associated,  married. 

^Jj^  mmaunoqi,  part.  pass.  Conjoined, 

J,^  mmiaad  (pL  J^Jj^),  A  traveller's 

prorision  bag.  [•  cheat 

^ Jj^  flNOMMMfftir,  part  act  A  liar,  a  knave, 

*^  numh,  Taste,  anything  agreeable  to 
the  palate.  A  whet  before  dinner,  an  appe- 
tiser (conosting  really  of  drj  and  salt  condi- 
ments, or  fruit,  itHkeia  with  raw  spirits). 

i^  nkwiya^.  Excellence.  The  particular 

point,  Yirtae,  or  adyantage  of  a  thing. 
Joy^  nuKLld,  Increase,  augmentation,  ad- 

"▼antage.  [disappear,  to  faniab. 

JiJ^  ifit«l(  Who  or  which  causes  to 
^^J^  mysMyyin,  A  barber.   Muxayyan, 

part.  pass.  Adorned,  dressed,  baring  the  hair 

cnt  or  dressed. 

^jn^  moi,  Handling,  touching. 

Lm«  maid,  The  evening.    ^-i?\*L*^,  A 

good  evening.     U**^  .^y^,  Moimng 
and  eYening. 

iiiL^  imuahakat,  An  arriving  or  hap- 
pening before  something  else;  takhig  the 
preceoence,  racing  with  another. 

J^L»<«  masdjid,  Mosques,  temples. 

-L*^  moBBdh  and  fjoJi\  ^^-*^-  ^  9^' 

metrician,  a  land  measorer. 
JL>.L«^  moidhat,  Measuring  (ground), 

measurement     A.».l*fci.>»ll  m1^,  The 
science  of  measurement,  geometry. 
i:jL*^  musdra^at,  Haste,  celerity,  velo- 

eity.     Being  qniek,  readj,  and  willing;  to 
be  quick  abmit  doing  a  thmg. 


(362) 


>L^  mMatir  (pL  of  *>-^),  Geome- 

trioil  rulei.  [and  aids. 

•XfiliM^  muu&^id,  One  who  aasuts,  helps, 

SjxXm^  mmd^adat,  Vayout,  aasiatance, 
aid.  iL>-l^  'l^  ^J  i<^^  4^^<^  h 
JX  ^^^  ^^jy  J^^  ^^z^\  ^\ 

iS>^j  UIl^l  L^\  9JJb^  ^^^^^  L£^ 

WJ  ^IjJ  v/  ^iJ*-*^  LfA^  jlasC  ^^ 

d^J  ^Jlc  <JjLfi  Umj  ^t^y  I  must  en- 

deaTonr  to  accompliah  tiua  affiur  of  the  ion  of 
my  luter,  though  my  life  be  lost  thereby,  sinoe 
I  was  the  cause  of  this  erent;  and  as  I  cast 
him  into  the  seas  of  her  lore,  I  will  striTe  to 
marry  him  to  her;  and  may  God  aid  and  assist 
to  that  effect. 

^LuM«  matdfJf  Endeayoan,  laboun, 
laodable  studies,  works,  or  attempti.  Exertion. 

iJliM^  nuudfai,  DiBtance,  an  interval, 
part  of  a  road  or  journey.  Space ;  a  journey. 
Matafatf  A  day's  journey,  as  far  as  a  loaded 
camel  can  traTel  with  ease,  i^,  eight  psrasanga. 

^Lm^  mutafir,  part   A  foreigner,   a 
stranger,  a  guest.  A  traveller.  ^\^  fS 

y^j^  cl^ J  ^  ^^LmJI  ^  ham 

lian  min  at  mmafirJn  ft  walih  at  markah^ 
How  many  passengers  were  in  that  vessel  P 

^•JImmJI^  ^LuJt  Jj^K  And  when 

his  wonder  at  the  bird  that  he  saw  in  the 
island  increased,  he  remembered  a  story  which 
trarellers  and  Toyagers  had  told  him  long 
before. 

^^Ums  nkwdib'fr.  Habitations.      ^U*^ 

LoiSl  ^J^^y^  ULilVThe  mansions  of 

the  leaned  and  the  residence  of  men  of 
science,  «.«.  uniTerrities,  colleges,  academies. 
MutakiHy  An  inhabitant 

^jSL^  (pi.  of  ^jJLiU),  The  poor. 

cii3L^  nmaUk  (pi.  of  (KU^),  Ways. 

ij(i\m^  muidlamat,  The  art  of  ooltivating 
peace  or  friendship. 

aLmi^  matdtn  (pi.  oUL*»«),  Fores. 

SLvImm*  mmdfndt,  The  art  of  comparing 
or  disputing  about  nobility;  boasting  OTer 

another.  j\ss^ji\jjfi\  u^J^"  i^LJ^\ 


j\Ssjit\^jkii\  %£jjy  ifUU^fj,  The  « 

of  cultiTatinff  peace  and  frienddup  bri|| 
honour  and  {^ory,  whilst  the  art  of  aiipiti| 
about  one*s  nobiuty  brings  need  and  porol 

^Im^  mutdmih,  part.  Forgiving. 

iyKu*^  muidnuirat,  Conversation  (esp 
dally  in  the  night-time). 

w«Ly^  moidmi^  (pL  of  •«4«ii^),  En 

^Lub^  mMdmlr  (pL  of  jUma/s),  Kail 

spikes. 
jjUb^  moidnid  (pi.  of  JOm*^),  Cushiol 


pillows,  any  thing  or  place  where  one  xcdii 
on  the  elbow. 

^I^Lm^  mmdtpdi,  EqiUttion.  j^  i^;U 

AiJiaSi^  muBdwdt  gha^r  Mtmidicfl 
Intermediate  equation. 

JL«^Lm^  mwdwamatf  Bidding  agains 
raising  the  price  upon  another. 

^^^L*^  mmdwwlf  part  Equal,  pan 
lei,  equivalent.  Neutral,  impartu 
2Uj]jJ1  ^5JLM^  mwduneH  tdtdipijid 

Equiangular.  &1«1\  4/^^*^  wnuiwn 

adlai^  Equilateral.  [aootfaei 

S^Um^  muidharai,   Watching  (wil 

JjbL^  musdhd,  part.  Negligent,  car 
lem,  easy,  indifferent 

yL^  mtMdytr,  One  who  possesMS  tl 
art  of  pleasing.  One  who  is  jeri  polite  a 
exerting  himself  to  captivate  the  hearti  Qf  1 
fellow*creatures,  and  to  eulti?ata  their  fnca 
ship. 

iJL^  muBdiforai,  The  art  of  pleani 

alL  Exertion  of  captiTating.  BehaTugoi 
self  in  society  with  the  most  polite  1 
agreeable  manners.    Using  cTeryone  vitli  t 

greatest  politeness.     Mjj\,m*^\\  ^•A 

^  i,.>.i»-tg  H  ^adim  ul  muidjfarah 

mkib  l#A,  He  who  does  not  possess  the  art 
pleasing  has  not  CTen  one  friend. 

JSL^  nuudd  (pi.  of  aLLmi),  (inestiGi 

^^<*m,m^ mmahhib*  c A.^oH  i— »<, T 

cause  of  causes,  1.0.  Ood.     ^JJ  «>^ 

*i^s^jJ\,  FraiM  be  to  God,  t 
CiMtorofman!  amd  H«  ii  th.  Loid  «f  loi 


(363) 


aadtfaeOnMofcuMf!  In  the  name  of  God, 
the  Erolaiti]!;,  tbe  ftflcnaL 

^%>.*»^  ANttM,  Causing  deep  sleep. 
^u^  iNwiiM,  A  pndser  of  Ood« 

j^^M^wittHtf  FreFented,  anticipated. 

c^^aofi,  A  kind  of  light  half-boot 
ix  iodoor  wctr,  and  orer  which  dippen  or 
HOStR  wwn  obI  of  dooiB. 

vi^£^  muidHf  part.  Desiring  one  to 


jk^wmtdiir,  part  Sole,  eminent,  pre- 
aaStd  in  saytidng.  AHnning  or  daiming 
ti»  cxcinve  urmieity  of  anything.  Electing, 
alietii^  praKRing. 

/rt:;*^  mMitdjir,  part.  A  tenant,  one 

vb  Ima  t  hoQW,  a  lerfantk  etc    A  frimer, 

Rits. 

J>L^  mmtdjQ,  part.  Arriving  at  any 

ton  or  object  wished  for  or  expected,  an  ap- 
pointed tboe.  Flodan^  together  (aa  a  mnlti- 
tidt  of  people).    Begging  time  or  dday. 


mmtiakhir,  part.  Bemaining 
^^sd,  loitering,  retiring,  going  haekward. 

^^Cm^  nmtadib,  part  GnltiTating  the 
Mb  kctne,  itod jing,  heooming  leaned  and 
pB&ti  Yened  in  good  mannen.  [lion. 

^j^o^  wnMwm,  part.  Asking  permis- 
^Lw«  fiaiidMiy  part.  Bold,  fearless, 

QtRpid,  inihing  npon,  attacking  fiercely,  lil^e 


j^^WKuUuirf  part  Binding;  earry- 
i^  V  going  into  eaptlrity ;  nirrendoing  one- 
Kif  iprinaer;  giving  np  or  addicting  one- 
ttlf  iiiolly  (to  anjtmng).  Muatasgr,  part 
pM,  Boand,  a  capttro. 

^\^^m^  wmMMy  part.  Eradicating. 
'«^bm2;  pert  paaa.  Sztiipated,  rained. 

cr«Lib^  wmMmm,   part.  One  nnder 

■fe  eoodaet  or  the  law  of  nationfl,  to  whom 
BBaaaitr  from  hoatiUties  has  been  gianted  at 
Ui  dvft  xcflpeat.  One,  who  being  a  foreigner, 
ttd  Mt  a  |[nhainmedan,  goes  into  a  Mnnam- 
sdn  temtory  or  into  Tnrkey  on  any  peaoe- 
■UeiuBoa;  any  Hnhammedan  going  abroad 
*  ■  J  peeeiable  miarioiif  and  nnder  the  laws 


\j^^im^  wiMMftiMy  part  Aocnstomed, 
^itettcd,  becoming  tame  (ai  a  wild  beaat). 
TbiHar.  [able,  apt,  fit. 

i>L^  mttUUa,  part.  Worthy,  snit- 
mmtdbAn^    Clear, .  manifest, 


tt^T 


^V«i^  muiMi^,  part   Considering 

■P^  M  new  lad  w«ndfliftd« 


]j^^SaM^mutiaMil,  part.  Changing,  wish- 
ing to  exchange;  taking  aa  a  nbatitBte  or 
mocedaneam. 

fjfi^^M^  muiUibrl,  part  Asking  the  db- 
chaige  or  remimion  of  a  debt. 

^"'^  muitabiiTf  part  Considering  at- 
tentiTcly,  searching  into  anything  ooenlt,  acqte, 
penetrating,  circumspect. 

^  j,M,.  ^  muitab^,  part  Thinking  any- 
thing &r  off. 

^La.,m^  muitdbtl,  part.  Beserving,  pre- 

senring  entire,  keeping  alire,  leav&g  a  re- 
mainder. 

muttabhij,  part  Glad,  rejoicing. 
muitoH,  part  Carrying  away 
Gt^tiTa. 

j^"  ■■'  T  mmtablnj  part.  Becoming  eri- 
dent,  knowing  for  certain,  appearing  mauftBt. 
r^r-  "■  -r  muitaibi^p  part.  Followed,  draw- 
ing after ;  one  who  withes  to  be  fbUowed. 

mmiaiiry   part  Hiding  oneself, 
absoonding.    Conoealed.  [pleting. 

^iSsum^  muiiaim,  part  Performing,  com- 

Jgf,r,iM^  nuuiaskU,  part,  oppressed  with 
sleep.  [counted  a  bora. 

J  g.V.  m  ^   mmtoikaly   Treated    as    if 

^Jtz,^^  mmtama*,  part  pass.  Excepted 
fimn  any  common  rule. 

.^IsLmo  flMMte;d&,part.  pass.  Accepted, 
acceptable,  agreeable. 

:dLk«  musiafidf  part.  Benewing,  reno- 

Tating,  considering  as  new.  [off. 

mmiqfir,  part.  Drawing,  carrying 

muitajKbt  part  Attracting, 
causing. 

w4>?giL**i><  muUqfmi^f  Who-  or  which 
contains,  coUectB  within  himselfl 

J|r^--f  muBtqfhd,  part.  Considering  as 
ignorant,  despising. 

j^yXkn*^  mtuiqflrf  part  Imploring  pro- 
tection. The  Arabs  of  the  desert  discriminate 
their  guests  into  ^est  mMttajir,  or  imj^oring 
protection ;  and  mto  ^"uest  mtUnub  (wno  sets 
up  his  tent  in  a  line  witii  theirs) ;  that  is,  who 
becomes  naturalized.  [army. 

mtuiajlsh,  part.  Desiring  an 

mutiahab,  Esteemed  as  lorely, 
or  loring,  or  meritorious. 

mmtahdU,  part  Learning 


(364) 


newi.  DlicoTering  (anything)  new.  Muiiah' 
doM,  part  pass.  A  noTeltyi  an  inrention.  Dis- 
<«>TeKd,  fonnd  ont 

^*Mj<Ly»^  muitahsinf  part.  See^L*dCU9^. 
MuttahMm^  part  pan.  ApproTea^  landable« 

beautiful.  J^  J^l  ^4«4tfW«,  Excel- 
lent demoMtrationB ;  oonvineingly  profed, 
iasily  demonstrate. 

■^<l...M^  mmtdhditi  part  Calling  or  com« 

mending  one  to  appear  before  or  in  preeence, 
desiring  to  come,  wuhin^  to  be  present  Be- 
oaUing  to  mind,  reooUeetug.  [serving. 

fjs^^f  mmiahikf   part  Worthy,  de- 

jL<Ub^  mustahkam,  Firm,  established, 
strong. 

Jj^Mi^mi^Ma/,  part.  EsteemedflawfuL 

.  m 

k^m\  <v  Mi,^  mustaUib,  part.  Milking. 
'MutUthli^,  Milked. 

muitahU,  part.  Impossible. 

muiialMir,  part.  Inteirogating. 
One  who  interrogates.  [pnblie  o£loe. 

l*JkicUM^  mtMtoiAi2«»,  Employed  in  a 
muaiakhrif,  part  Extracting. 


'Exacting.  Muiiakkn^',  part  pass,  drawn  ont^ 
extracted. 


aI  JCLAto^  mtM^ai2elffi,  part  Perpetual,  con- 
tinual, assidaous,  ancient,  immemoriaL 


i^Jcum.**   mtutad^f    Demanded,     re* 

^tl^i^ted.    MustadU,  One  who  demands,  re- 
quests, [circular. 


jliXiM^  mwtadlr,  part.  Bound,  spheric, 

^Jcuu^  muBtadlm,  Perpetual,  constant. 

^JCmm^  mtMfo^n,  part.  Asking  or  re- 
oeiying  money  on  credit 

j^«3cuMb^  muitoEkir,  Recollecting,  record- 
ing.   Galling  to  mind. 

^j:uj*^  mustardh,  A  place  of  rest  or 
quiet    A  necessary.    A  water-closet 

^^jiM^mustarja,  part.  Hoped,  ^rished, 
prayed  for. 

^jb^jL^i^  muitarJshtiy  part.  Estimating, 
or  buying  at  a  low  price. 

^^^yu*^  mtutarkhl,  part  Languid,  re- 
"  laxed,  enerrated,  flabby.    A  laxative. 

fJjjiM^  muitartil,  part.  Considering  or 
finding  (any  person  or  thing  contemptible). 

iJ^jijM^  mustarshl,  part.  Asking  a  pre- 

^sent  (for  an  opinion  to  be  given,  or  a  decree  to 

be  passed).  [suckle  a  child. 

muiiardi^,  Seeking  a  nurse  to 


tXijLM^muitarfid,  part  Aakmg  asm  uttd 

^jXMk«  muttarki^,  part  (A  gamul 
requiring  to  be  mended.  I 

^yUk.^  muiiarhm,  part  Demanding! 
hostage  or  a  pledge,  receiTing  in  pawn. 

,^^^iMMt  mtwforlA,  At  ease,  free  fm 

care  and  trouble.  ^  lz^wiJ*^  x 

Mii^  M^  ijj^  U,  Aiji  Ui  (1^ 

(»f-«j  •*?*-  ff-TJ  ^j=-*^  ^3  Jr* 


JilV 


\l\c 


VJ'^"* 


jjtXuJt,  And  Thou  hast  appoints 
unto  Thy  creatures  what  Thou  wilt,  and  «U 
Thou  hast  predestined  for  thess,  ao  that  smea 
them  one  is  weary,  and  another  is  at  ease ;  oi 
of  them  is  prosperous,  and  another  is  like  n 
in  the  extreme  of  iktigue,  and  the  gretto 
abjection. 

j\  XkM^  mmiaadd.  Increased. 


muaUuihir,   part   Bidieolini 
sooniing,  deriding. 

(^JumImmi  mustasdi,  part  Laying  do^ 
the  warp  in  the  loom. 

Sn,m%aM^  muttoi^,  Bendered  happ] 
blessed,  fkroured,  gratified. 

^JmAm*^  muitoikf,  A  dropsical  persoi 

JmAam^   mustoiU,    part   Fnaheathin^ 
drawing  out 

t^ttVm';«.M^  muitasUf,   part  Deairiag  i 

borrow,  or  to  hsTO  an  advance  on  goods  b^ 
deUrery.  [snpporte 

iX'*^wwCU*«>^  muitamid,  part.  Leaning  oo 

j\im\*m^  muttoikdrf  One  who  ia  oonsultei 

^ama&am.^  muita$hft,  part  Wiahinghealtl 
**  seeking  a  remedy. 

t.j.-vfli"^****^  muttashib,   Taking  in  h 
company.    One  who  takes  another  in  his  oca 
pany.     Muatagh^  Taken    with,    made 
allowed  to  accompany.  [(busiaeii 

L^'^n.na'n  m^  muiioi^,  part.  Dlfilca 

^jLoOMt^  mmtaaft,   part.   See  \L£^ 
^Mu8tarfa\   part   pass.    Purified,    dahfit 
brightened. 

Ur.;lkuu^   muttatdb,    Good,    agreeabl 
elegant    Gracious. 

i^^Tnn,^  muitatibt  Begging  a  prescrii 
tion  or  remedy  (for  grief  or  pain). 

J.li"..!!^  wiusMU,  Long.    Lengthene 
A  parallelogram. 


(365) 


jk^  mmtmO,  {fitting  in  the  shade. 
Wkaecboribdi  praieotiMi  in  tlie  tiUiCi  or 


rader  a#  fMf 


of  aome  gveal  por- 


ilcui^  mnuU^r^  part  paas.  Borrowed. 

^li&y*«  MKi^dw,  part.  pass.  An  aasiat- 
nt,  aodliiiy,  oao  whoM  aid   it  rt>]iatod. 

^Iciiull  dmutU^Sn^  God,  from  whom 
liliaplBre  lid  nd  aabtence. 

^sf^^mmta^g  part  Preaaing,  re- 

({OfdmhiMta. 

Jc«^  Miia^fi^,  part  Able^  capable, 

ift.  i^  proper,  worthT,  amuiffed,  pat  in 
<^.  Bodj.  Prepared,  in  reMoneM,  readj- 
vited,  quck  at  lesniing,  dflver.    IneliMd, 

pndi^KiMd.  ^^-^/^  O^  Ul^r  i^^y 

J'cill  ^Jjcum^,  And  they  saw  him 

K9ZB{  upon  the  tlifone  of  his  kingdom,  heed- 
1m  of  these  people,  and  violently  enraged 
ipDil  8i]^  Tney  anw  Ua  aerranti,  young 
Ba,  and  gmrdi  unprepared  for  fighting. 

muia^^  part  Eebellioas, 


Jac.*^  rnmU^mU^  part.   act.  Using. 

Ihito^M^  pari.  paas.  XJaed,  in  naa.  Which  hai 
^  tted,  Heond'hnnd. 

;;C^  muia^fr,  A  borrower.  LjjJI^U 
^^tj\tc^m^\sbjy\  9j\si.  iji^  iSi^ 

tXaf\  |Jl»j,  For  the  world  ia  a 

^"^^Bv,  t  dieat,  and  a  traitor.  Iti  things 
^  boQowed,  and  it  will  take  the  loan  firom 
wbomver:  itia  like  the  eoninaed  linonft 
c(  the  ile^er,  and  the  dream  of  the  dreamer. 

^fi^^  mmgtaghrdbf  part.  paaa.  Won- 

*■*!»  fcreign,  rare. 

if^<^  B»«i^Araib,part.paaa.  Immersed, 

f^^  drowned.   Musti^hnk^  port  Plong- 
^ttBQging. 

/^•iif%A^,part.Penitent  i£^^\ 


Ulkarebengmlfyaf  a  fimlt  againat  yon, 


and  committed  a  deed  which  gare  yon  offeA, 
I  repent  of  my  crime,  and  yoar  clemency  will 
extend  to  the  gnilty  who  darea  to  implora 
your  foigiTenoM. 

Cyp^Vt-Mix  muiUifiklib,  part.  Freyailing. 

^Iicmm^  mmtaghUkf  part.  Making  a  cloae 

banrain,  aeOing  anything  on  condition  that  it 
ahau  not  be  retained. 

',ir,m^  mutUijihni,  part  Rich,  boasting 

of  wealth,  prond,  lofty,  haogh^,  saperdlioni, 
diadaininff.     Content,  aatiafieo,  acquieacing.* 
Ind^n£nt,  not  in  want,  able  to  do  without 
(eomet^ttg  or  anything). 

'lI  -'Trr-t  muiUiffhU,  A  oomplunant 

jUa^/e  muitafad,  The  meaning  (of  a 
phraae  or  writing).  [men). 

muitaftl,  part.  Consulting  (wi3e 

wnutaflkkir,  part.  Prood,  Tain, 
conceited. 

iji\m^  mmtafrighf  An  emetic. 

tXjAiMi^  mustaftd,  part  Acqoiriog,  gain- 
ing, profiting  (jn  acienoe  and  wealth). 

^aufTnMt^  muita/id,  part  Bivnlged,  dif- 

^}A'i^n^  wmUMUf  part.  Fatnre;   the 

fnturetenseofaTerb.  ^}Ji&M^\  ^t^t, 
Time  fotare.  [dnth . 

muitakUl,   part  Wishing  for 

muiiakirf  Bemaining  firm ;  dwell* 

ine,  haying  a  fixed  reaidence ;  oonatant,  ateady, 
atable ;  conflrminff,  Strengthening.  Muitakar, 
part  paaa.  A  dweuing. 

^.dAiAM^  muitakiif  part.  Carious. 

Jjis^M^  miuiakilf  part  Particular,  abso- 
lute,  independent;    having    plenipotentiary 

powers.  tsTJMM^  musiakilan,  Abso- 
lutely, expreaaly,  specially. 

Ag&Uio^  muatatim,  part.  Eight,  straight, 

faithftil,  true,  loyal,  well  constituted,  haying 
a  good  tendency.    Standing  erect,  rising  up. 

g,»A\m^  kfi^,  A  right  line.     ^j^'.  m  << 

^ISSl,   Of  a  just  proportion,  of  an 

erect  figure. 

jfjjj^y^^  mustakrah,   part.  pass.    Abom- 
inable, disagreeable.    Held  in  disgust 

t^Cs^.^  muatakrl,  part  Hiring,  renting. 
The  tenant  of  a  house. 

_fticu«u«  mustai/i,  part.  Desiring  one  to 
I      do  anything  effeetoally  or  auflicieatly. 


(366) 


^^Zm*^  mwtahwl,  part.  Bequiring  the 
eantery.  [neooawujf. 

ajIclm^  mnutakm^  Which  causes,  makes 

Ju&M^  mtuiamtdf  part.  Asking  assist- 
tnoe  or  aid  agoinft  an  enemy. 

muttamir,  part.  Furm,  constant, 
durable.    Continuing,  penuting,  lasting  long. 

vIXumCUmu^  mustamiikf  part.  Apprehend- 
ing, seizing,  holding  hBt,  containing.  £e- 
stnuning  oneself. 

^4Xm^  mustami^,  part.  Hearing,  listen- 
ing; a  listener;  a  hearer. 

J^icum^  mustatntl,  part.  Loathing,  be- 
eoming  tired,  disgusted. 

^aSm^^  mtutamm,  part.  Asking  a  fiaTonr. 

VimVim^  mustanhit,  part.  Causing  to  flow, 

OTerflowing.  Acquiring  knowledge  in  the  law 
by  ii^nnity  and  stndy.  Appearing  (as  any- 
toing  before  concealed). 

hVr.im^  mustamd,  part.  Leaning  upon  or 

supported  by  anything,  ^dc  S'^r,,^^ 
mmtanttd  ^layihy  A  thing  or  person  leant 
upon  for  sapport. 

Ma:r»AM^  muatansih,  part.  Asking  advice, 

consulting ;  considering  as  a  faithful  monitor. 

^j]r\v\m^  muitanttk,  part.  (Ghxi)  making 
rational,  bestowing  the  gift  of  speech.  In- 
terrogator; one  who  proceeds  to  interrogate 
either  the  plaintiff  or  the  defendant. 

^&r*fcM><  muitanki^  part  Stagnating, 
regorging  (water). 

^^\in*^  mtutanhid,  part.  Bousing,  ex- 
citing.   Ordering  one  to  rise  to  do  anything. 

■ji^Mi^  muatataTf  part.  Shining,  glancing, 
sparkling,  or  deriving  its  light  from  something 
eue.  [steady,  constant. 

^^Mt^  muaiawiikf   part.   Solid,  firm, 
L_  -'*»j"--».^  fmuittuytb,  part.  Meriting, 

proper,  worthy  of.  c-jUaII 

Deserving  a  punishment. 

^jlyJt,  Deserving  a  reward,  merito- 
rious. 

^jU^^yiM»^  fMutatohM,  Afflicted,  mourn- 
ful, sayaee.  One  who  ii  afflicted  and  mourn- 
ful for  the  absence  of  those  whom  he  Iotcs  ; 
he  is  inconsolable,  because  he  nusses  them. 
One  who,  being  always  by  himself,  and  having 
no  intercourse  with  society,  has  become  wild 

and  savage.  ^^-^  ^yJ^^^y.^^^^  ^Jt^ 


j\JU\  hiij\  ^  J^\,  J^  J^  4A^\ 

They  shrni  the  society  of  men,  have  yellow 
eyes  and  black  faces,  sod  are  of  small  sise,  the 
height  of  each  one  of  them  being  four  spaas. 

J^yuM^  muttawhd,  part.  (A  plaee)  Ml 
of  soft  clay  or  mud. 

eJyu«U  mwtawdi^,  part.  Desiring  one 

to  picsene  anything  committed  to  his  can. 
Committing,  recommending.  Mmtawdii^f 
.part.  pass.  A  person  with  whom,  or  a  place 
where,  anything  is  deposited.  The  utenui 
matrix,  or  womo. 

jf>*t^  moitur  (fem.  ijjLm^\  Covered^ 
concealed,  hid,  veiled,     ijf^^  maa- 

inrah,  Aohaste  matron.  CL^Ijiyuu^l^l?, 

The  crown  of  ladies  or  matrons  (a  title  often 
given  to  princesses). 

^fM*^  mtMtocM^ti^,part.  Desiringanother 

to  make  anything  evident.  EndeaYOuring  to 
discover  anything  distinctly,  by  holding  the 
hand  over  the  e^^es  to  keep  off  the  glare  of 
light.    An  explainer,  narrator.  [dear. 

^fMt^   mtutawfl,    Sufficient,   ample, 

^jbfM,*^  mustatptm,  part.  Besiding  in  a 

place  which  one  has  adopted  as  his  own  native 
country.  Fixed,  estabushed  for  good  in  a 
country. 

jjyuM^  mttitawtid,  part.  Kindling  (fire). 

wyuM^  muBtawki^  Expecting,  waiting 
for.    Hoping. 

^Jy>.M*^    muitaiotl,    part.    Overcoming, 
'  subduing,  taking  possession  of,  surmounting. 

c^'*^^y■M<^   mustawhih,  part.  Asking   a 

present. 

4^yLMyb^  mmiiawff  part.  Equal,  straight, 
direct,    i^^s^m*^  J^^  tathi  ifiutfocpl,  A 

plane  supei^cies.  b^a^>^  muttawiyan. 
Equally,  directly. 

i*lfUA^  mu9tah&m,  Astonished,  distracted, 
wandering  or  unsteady  in  mind.    ^;I^ 

l\y  ^\f»m4\\  iX^  X[U^,  They  say  it 
is  forbidden  for  the  beauties  to  show  fiivonr, 


r 


(367) 


nd  thai  At  ikeddiiir  of  tbe  blood  of  loren  U 
kw&l,  and  Aat  the  lore-fiek  can  do  nouglit 
to  aunSet  kit  imd  nd  Ebenlly  forfeii  it  in 
lore,  wliuk  ii  i  gme.  I  cry  out  in  my  long- 
ing lad  trdonr  of  lore  for  ibe  belored ;  and 
the  vtowrt  tffortt  of  the  dittncted  it  to  moan. 

Jxy^  tmtakdny  part  paoB.  Deepiaed, 

tbjfitty  btM. 

jjfiii^  MKi^aibi,  part  Bidicoling;  a 

c»ditr;  ooe  wlio  ii£ciilet  otben.       [moon). 

Jfu^  mutsMUt  Appearing  (the  new 

j"'^'^  miut4^sir,  part.  Easy,  qnick, 
apsUw;  prepared,  well  diipoaed,  aiiaaged. 

'isiy^  muUaykn,     part.    Watching, 
inioiiig,  vigilanty  proiident 

wmUijfkm,  part  Knowing  for 
wtirhiiig  into,  exploring. 

wmitapnmt  part  Proaperoas, 
aetii^  or  htppoung  fortnnatdj.  A^nring, 
dabBg  oretosng  anotiier  to  twear. 

*lf^  tutfid  and  nuujad  (pL  J^L*^), 
A  waiae,  ttnple,    or   place  of  wonhip. 

Jis^l,  The  mosques  of  Mecca  or 

Medina.  «^l^y  The  great  or  general 
aaqoe,  where  prayert  are  taid  erery  Friday. 

;^1  Ss^\  (or  jjj/Jl  J^5***^t), 

The  temple  of  Mecca.   ^^-aiH  Juk-*^\, 

^  trapU  of  Jemfidem,  or  the  Tnrldth 

Basque  there.  c^gjff?^  J^^s^'^,  A 
iim  IB  the  Ttlley  of  Muna,  near  Mecca. 
^^9^  That  part  of  the  forehead  which 
tec^  the  gnHDid  in  the  adoration  called 


mmtyja^,   Bhymed  prose,   bat 

M  BKtrieaL  The  Arabiant  oontider  it  at  a 
^  betttT  m  oratory  to  make  their  periodt 
^^B^in  rnyme  and  cadence. 

jT*  — lyg/,  Proved,  authenticated, 
Qditaledbya  judge.  Intcribed  in  tiie  re- 
r-^cfaeoortofUw.  [God. 

^'^^^  maafnd  leh.  Adored,  adorable. 


moifUnf  Imprisoned. 

{^  MM^  Washing,  wiping,  cleaning. 

j*^Jati»g.  Drawing  the  hand  oyer  the  tnr- 
•^Qoftajr  liquid,  or  over  the  head  in  order 
^|J|ipe  it;  handling,  ttrokaij^,  nibbing. 
^jynag,  ogoling.  The  canonical  mode  of 
^'i^nnogeeitain  parte  of  the  tmallerablntion, 

'^  tmaka  (pL  of  MtAM^),  Anointed 
uti-Adl  (pi.  Ji^\m^)9  The 


thin  cuticle  or  membrane  coTering  the  ontaidt 

of  the  skull.     UJf  J^o-lle,  The 
membraaet  of    hesTen,   i. «.    Thin   clondt. 

M^^^  ^  i}i^^^*^f  ^e  grosser  parts 
of  fat  which  adhere  to  the  inttttinti. 
Is^*^  MM-M,  One  unction. 

^^t  Imf'^   wutihai   W  Mirtfdia'    or 

gj^ri^Vi  Ads*^  moihae  «/  dUlroA,  The 
extreme  nnction. 

fliMnAAor,  part.  pass.  Pasdnated, 
enchanted,  ddnded  by  witchcraft.  Endned 
with  Innga. 

jys*'^  moi'karf  Enchanted,  fsscinated. 

2kLti^  iJj  Jj,  And  the  King  went 

oat,  and  found  the  youn^  man  who  had  been 
enchanted  waiting  ror  him,  and  he  oongratn- 
lated  him  on  hit  tafety,  and  the  young  man 
kitted  hit  hand  and  thanked  him. 

Jyx**^  mot-Aftifc,  Worn,  brayed,  bnused. 

^^^  masih,  Changing,  metamorphosing 

into  a  more  deformed  shape  (etpedally  men 
into  animali). 

muialMhar,  Conquered,  subdued, 
broQght  under  tubjection. 

mai'kharat,    A    buffoon,   fool, 


jetter,  a  droll,  a  wag;  a  faoetiout  man.  A 
man  in  matqnende.  A  pleatantry,  anything 
ridiculont  or  mirthful,  tport  [odiout. 

]ffyai^'^  maakhut,  Hateful,  disagreeable, 

JOuu^  muioddad,  part  pass.  Well  di- 
rected ;  rectified ;  managing  affaire  with  judg- 
ment and  tuceett. 

J^ Jum^  nuudud,  Obstructed,  shut,  closed. 

2y*^  nuuarral.  Cheerfulness,  gladness, 
joy.    Britknett,  liyelinett,  hi^pinett. 

Ij^jiM^  vuurajatf  A  lamp-stand. 

c^^Mb^    mtitrtfr,    part.    Quick,    making 

natte.  Hating  a  qnick-goingbeatt  of  burthen. 
Going  fatt,  or  ordering  to  be  ezpeditiout. 

uJ^AM^  mum/,  Prodigal,  extrayagant. 
>^^f**-^  nuurHljy  Saddled  (horse). 
J3j**^  ffkMfilr,  Olad,  cheerful,  exulting, 
gaj,  happy,  eontent,  joyfiiL    uiJLLi 


(368) 


And  she  said,  0  my  lord,  on  my  head  and  mj 
eye !  in  the  name  of  Ood !  ^whicb  is  eqntralent 
to  saying,  I  will  do  it  with  all  my  heart.) 
And  ihe  sprang  np,  full  of  happiness,  and  rery 
glad  to  do  it. 

iji^j^^**^  nuurUk,  Stolen,  robbed. 

^"--^  mw«^te*,  Made  flat.    iJ'^*^  }ij 
hurrah  mmattahdh^  A  .plani-Bphere. 

mutaUahy  Plano-oonoaTe. 

^om^  miitar  or  i^Vi^^,  A  geometrical 

rale  by  which  right  lines  are  drawn.  Parallel 
threads  strained  on  a  piece  of  pasteboard,  used 
by  those  who  oopy^  mannscnpts  for  nding 
lines.  Mtuatiir,  Writing.  MusaUar^  Written, 
a  wilting. 

jjom^  nuuinr,  Written,  delineated,  de- 
scribed, specified,  expressed. 

j\mm*^  mii^r,  A  poker,  a  piece  of  wood 
with  which  fire  is  stirred.     jUam^ 

<mJj^\f  A  ndeer  of  war,  a  seditious 
man. 

Oyiu^  nuu^ad  (or  Jjut*^),  Happy,  for- 
tonate ;  &Tonrable,  propitious.    \^\jj 

•  j;^^^  JJ,   And  they  say  that 

"this  notion  is  cherished  as  a  slight  consola- 
tion by  those  who  are  content  with  a  sorry 
maintenance,  and  repine  not  at  bad  food  or 
Bcanty  measure."  But  if  thon  determine  on 
traTeUing  abroad,  and  preparest  thy  staff  and 
wallet  for  the  journey,  oaoose  first  a  com- 
panion who  will  be  a  real  assistance  to  thee ; 
for  as  a  neighbourhood  must  be  known  before 
the  house,  a  ^ood  companion  must  be  pro- 
Tided  before  a  journey  ii  undertaken. 

j^iiM^  nuufUr,  Written,  abore  mentioned, 
touched  upon  before. 

C^yuu^  nuufak,  Shed  (blood). 

IoLm^  nuukat,  A  place,  especially  where 

anything  falls.  (j*X)\  laLw.^,  A  native 
country  (where  one  falls  at  birtti). 


\aAM^  Mueat  or  Muteat,  a  large  seaport 
of  Arabia,  standing  on  a  peninsula  in  the 
Arabian  Sea.  It  is  the  capital  of  the  Imanat 
of  Mascat,  and  in  1607  was  taken  by  Albu- 
<^uerque.  For  nearly  160  years  after,  it  con- 
tinued in  possession  of  the  Portuguese.  About 
the  year  1648,  howerer,  it  was  r^aken  by  the 
natiyes,  who  hare  ever  since  retained  it.  It 
trades  with  the  British  settlements  in  India, 
the  Malay  peninsula,  the  Red  Sea,  and  the 
east  coast  of  Africa.  The  goTemment  of  the 
Imaum  is  the  most  drilixed  and  orderly  of 
any  either  in  Persia  or  Arabia.  Accordingly 
Mascat  is  resorted  to  as  a  sort  of  mi^asine  for 
goods  by  vessels  from  erery  port  in  Persia  and 
Arabia.  It  carries  on  a  verr  large  trade,  by 
caravans,  with  the  Arabe  of  tne  interior.  The 
town  is  walled  round  and  strongly  fortified. 
The  harbour  is  defended  by  forts,  and  a  laif^ 
fleet  mar  moor  tiiere  in  sarety.  It  u  the  resi- 
dence of  a  British  consul.  i%»p.  estimated  at 
60,000  or  60,000.  Za/.  23°  38' N.  Xom.  69" 
16'  B. — Mascat,  Imanat  of,  eompriaes  the  E. 
portion  of  the  Arabian  peninsula,  and  is  both 
an  extensive  and  a  powerful  state,  havinj;  an 
army  of  20,000.  llie  Imaum  has  unrestricted 
power,  and  possesses  the  most  effective  naval 
force  of  any  native  prinee  from  the  Gape  of 
Oood  Hope  to  Japan. 

Eoofed,  floored, 

maiku/,  Eoofed. 

^^Lm^  nrnkum^  Infirm. 

nmka\  Watered  (field)  by  art, 


or  by  a  rivulet.    Watered  (a  horse,  a  camel). 
Tempered  (steel  or  iron). 


moBh^  Seising,  holding  fast, 
taining,reBtraining,checking  oneself,refraining. 

C»C»i  <   mUh  or  mu%ky   Mask.    ^^^ 

iilCwy«^,  A  mnsky  soap  ball. 

{jlSm^^  muskit,  part.  Ordering  sUenoe, 
striking  dumb. 

j(m  ^  tnuakir,  part.  Inebriating.     Any 
intoxicating  liquor. 

^^^Cw*^  moikin  (pL  ^Lm^),  A  dwelling. 
A  habitation,  an  abode. 

JuLm.^  nuukanat,  Poverty,  misery.  Hu- 
mility, modesty. 

<i  ;C.«H^  Maskaneh,  The  new  port  of 

Aleppo,  on  the  Euphrates,  for  the  steam-boats 
navigating  between  Aleppo  and  Bagdad. 

i^f^Lm,^  matk^h,  Poured  out  (as  water), 
cast  (as  metals). 

C/yLM^  masknk,  Coined,  etruok. 
^j^Lt^  tnaskun,  Habitable,  inhabited. 
^^(m0.^j^9  TTninhabited. 


(jMk« 


(369) 


J  JL^  wwhunf  Inhabited,  or  possessed 

vith  dnib.  Thtn  is  a  Tery  remarkable 
Mimite  eonveat,  in  Moant  libmon,  six 
boaa'  jaanej  to  the  eist  of  Tripoli,  called 
tb  ooareai  of  Knhaia,  in  which  the  monka 
exoroBe,  ti  in  the  fint  ages  of  the  Church, 
thote  who  art  rappesed  to  be  posseased  with 
devik  Some  jeszs  ago  there  was  a  man  of 
tkk  eife^«7,  who  put  the  patience  and  the 
\atBaf  of  the  monhs  to  tiie  proof.  This 
Boa,  to  ootwaid  appearsnee  healuiy,  was  anb- 
ieettoaddaa  eooTiuiions,  which  threw  him  into 
•  bad  nf  BMdneB,  aometimeo  aullen,  at  othera 
nokst  He  tore,  he  bit,  he  foamed  at  the 
aotii  Hta  osoal  expreasion  was — Theiun 
^•fmether,  let  me  mdon  htr.  The  prieata 
aJBoa  drovned  him  with  ablations,  tormented 
Ibg  vish  hains  and  prayer,  and,  at  length, 
» tikey  reported,  drore  ont  the  deTils ;  but, 
firat  the  aeeount  giTen  by  more  intelligent 
^^BBTOB,  it  ia  infenred  that  those  suppoeed  to 
be  poaKswd  with  dovils  are  no  other  than 
peaoaa  afBicted  with  idiotey,  madnesBi  and 

y^^^  wmd^,  Mosky ;  of  tbe  colour  of 
Bink,  da^    One  who  aella  musk. 

^«?v  ■.•■>■<  atMJ^jt  (fem.  <<  ;.j  (  mi  ^  pi. 

w>;JLmo  and  ^j^Lm^),  A  poor  man, 
>  ^>eggar,  a  miaerable  wretob.    Humble,  aup- 

pliant   ^\^  J^jl\  cL^Jl*  b  ^^\ 

d^S  \}^S  L5^^»  ^^^9  ^  ^^  ®^ 

tsesge,  tad  kaoiv  that  I  am  a  poor  person — a 
'is^,  brokoibearted.  I  haye  become  aepa- 
nted  from  ray  mother,  fiunily,  and  brother. 

^^'Ai*^  masaalai,  A  question,  proposi- 

tiiio'  tf^gtmJ  j'mtcab  JUuih  almasaalahj  Can 
pv  give  me  aa  answer  to  thia  question  P 

moAi/,  A  large  needle  for  sewing 


f^  mmallak,  part  pass.  Armed, 

jf^'  tiatUth,    A  place   wbere    they 
^^to  sad  akin  animals.     A  slaughter- 


wnuahal,  part.   Concatenated* 

™«fflei  Uoked.  sewed,  or  fastened  together, 
^<^  aaeeeasxTe,  eonaecutiTe,    pUwed  in 


9M»allat,  part  A  goTemor,  ruler. 
-^ntogatiBg  dominiaa. 

**■**--*  sMfU^  or  nuulAf  A  way,  path, 
^-act   In  iostitittion. 


Jum^  mttt/tm  (fem.  JuLm^),  A  mussnl- 

man.     Jum^  musallm,  part.  Keeping 

aafe,  preaenrina;  in  liberty,  rescuing.  Saluting, 
pronouncing  a  benediction  or  aatutation.  Bless- 
iDg  the  memory  (of  a  dead  man),  saying 

aILJI  aAc,  Peace  be  with  him. 

muilimln  (pi.  oblique  of  Jum^), 


The  Mahometans. 


(i^^Lm^  nuulnh,  Seized,  snatched  away. 
Spoiled,  stript,  erred,  forgotten. 

^^ui/o  moilukh,  Skinned. 

^^yyu^  mMluk,  Boiled.     ^^"^^^  (JX«^ 

iamak  maalnk,  Boiled  fish.   See  ,J^» 

Fried,  and  vJ>^»  Eoast. 

JjLu^  moBllkl^  Drawn,  led,  brought  out, 
unsheathed.    ConsumptiTe. 

j\ajm^  mitmdrf  A  nail,  pin,  peg,  stake. 

vJ!/UMM/f  mismdk,  A  tent-pole. 

^UyuA^f  4^1  <i^7  masmmatf  Belations, 
firiends,  intimate  companions. 

w<y>u.>o  miima^.  The  ear,  the  organ  of 
hearing. 

^ji^jM^  mu8min  (fem.  <Ua***^  mu9manai), 

Fat.  Naturally  fat.  ^vJL>*.>o  miMammo- 
»a^,  Fat  by  art  or  care.    Fattened. 

cy%M^^  nuMtnu^,  Heard,  audible. 

My^^M^  nuumUm,  Killed  or  injured  by 

poiMo,  infected  (meat),  poisoned  (sword).  (A 
day)  distressingly  sultry  by  the  blowing  of  a 
hot  wind. 

^.4mm^  musammif  part.  act.  One  who 

"  gives  a  name  or  a  title  to  another.  One  who 
nppoints;  an  appointer.  Mi*9amma\  part, 
pass.  Named,  called,  intituled,  denominated, 
uscribed. 

^j***^  munn,  Aged,  old  in  years. 

^^^Mb<«  misan,  A  whet-stone,  anything  on 
which  another  is  sharpened. 


mamadf  A  large  cushion  on  which 
they  recline.    A  prop,  a  support. 

muaannadf  Which  has  been  made 


to  lean  (against  aomething),  leant    Imputed, 
attributed. 

^u^u^  musannam,  In  profile.    *1ma^  j^^^j 

ram  tnutannam,  A  drawing  or  figure  in  profile. 

^^iwyywo    maitiHn,    (Ground).       ^irj^filJ 

^jy^M^,  A  canon  or  rule ;   in  law  p 

24 


(370) 


Uu 


erangelieal  eouncQ.  Founded  on  or  sopported 
by  an  act  or  Baying  of  Mnhammed. 

^jy*^    muiowwadat  (fern,  of  J^m<^), 

Blackened.  A  black  thinr.  A  note  or  memo- 
random  book,  the  firrt  Ketch,  ooneeptioii,  or 
rongh  draft  of  anytiiing,  with  many  olottings 

and  corrections.    2f  JJb  tySu^  tJ^  ,.y 

jrjyM^l  man  yakdir  yaibayyid  hasih  al 

muMtPtpadah,  Who  can  make  a  dean  copy  of 
this  dranght  P 

(jy*^  mtuulf  Asked,  demanded,  inter- 
rogated, requested.      A  petition;  anything 

sned  for.  i:!:^^^^^  (pi.  fern.),  Petitions, 

prayers,  questions. 

^<^{*H  ^  mas'hib,   Speaking  mucli,  a 
blabber.  [the  belly. 

(JfiM^  rnui-hH,  part.  Laxatiye,  loose  in 
^Um^  mtuCa,  Evil-doer,  mischievons. 

4\jdj  ^Jam^I  S:>-\y  1^,  And  he  arose 

and  walked  forward  to  the  prince,  and  Idssed 
his  bead,  and  with  weeping  ejes,  said  to  hkn, 
0  my  wm  be  not  angry  with  me;  be  not 
angry  with  the  eyil-doer  for  his  deed. 

i^^m^.^  musayyab,  part.  pass.  Dismissed, 
set  at  liberty.    Tacant.  [thorns. 

masljat,  An  indosore  fenced  by 


.^AM^  mualk,   Anointed.     ,^Um^I,  The 

anointed,  the  Messiah,  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ 
The  MusBulmen  hold  in  ^rcat  Teneration  the 
scene  of  some  of  the  actions  of  Jesua  Christ, 
whom  they  style  Issa  Ihn  Mariam  (Jesus  the 
son  of  Mary),  such  as  Mount  Zion,  Mount 
Oliyet,  Mount  Tabor,  and  the  like,  supposing 
him  to  be  a  prophet ;  but  they  ri<ficu&  eyery 
fact  and  place  connected  with  his  crucifixion 
and  deatn,  alleging  that  the  person  who 
suffered  was  Judtu^  whilst  he  nimself  was 
taken  up  alive  into  heayen .  1 1  is  remarkable^ — 
observe  the  Mussulmen^  that  in  the  early 
Christian  ages,  he  is  represented  as  sitting 
on  a  throne,  and  not  in  tne  revolting  attitude 
of  crucifixion. 

Jl^jJI  .^^.«.^\    al    miAh    Mqffdl, 

The  Antichrist.  According  to  the  Mus- 
lims' traditions,  he  is  to  be  one-eyed,  and 
marked  on  the  forehead  witii  the  letters 
£.  F.  R.  signiiyinff  Kafir,  Infidel  They  say 
that  the  Jews  give  aim  the  name  of  '*  Messian 
Ben  David,"  and  pretend  he  ii  to  oome  in  the 
last  days,  and  to  be  lord  both  of  land  and  sea, 
and  that  he  will  restore  their  kingdom.    He  is 


to  appear  between  El  £nk  and  Syris,  anori 
inff  to  other  traditions,  in  the  prorince  f\ 
Khvasfin.  They  add  that  he  is  to  rid«  on  at 
ass ;  thai  he  will  be  followed  by  70,000  Jc^ 
of  Ispahan,  and  eontinne  on  earth  forty  davi 
of  which  one  will  be  equal  in  length  to  t  yai 
another  to  a  month,  another  to  a  week,  m 
the  rest  will  be  eommon  days ;  that  bs  is  o 
lay  waste  all  places,  but  will  not  enter  Hclbl 
or  Medmah,  wbidi  are  to  be  gnaided  V 
angels ;  and  that  at  length  he  will  be  slain  b 
Jesus,  who  is  to  enoounler  him  at  the  gtte  o 
Lud.  It  is  said  that  Mohammed  foRtoi 
several  Antichrists,  to  the  number  of  abot 
thirty ;  but  one  of  greater  note  then  the  n>\ 

maHhl,  A  Christian. 


ma*lr,  Gk>ing,  walking,  prooeedic| 
on  a  journey,  travelling. 

iJ:*A««.^  matt/,  A  channel ;  aflozorstreai] 

of  water. 

^Lm.^  muihdUh,  part.  Like,  resemblingi 

ci^LfjLyywe   (pL  fern.),    8imilitad£E> 
semblances. 

^Llu«  mmhdlahat,  Similitade,  the  com 
parison  of  things  similar.     i^\JL/tl 
Id  mwhSbahah  heinal  tci 


beinahu,  There  is  no  comparison  between  fivt 
and  him. 

^«jluL«  mushdtamai,  A  reproach.  C&ll 
ing  each  other  names,  mutual  reviling. 

ij>-\AL^maMjarai,  Rewating,  opposing! 
controverting.  Dispnte.  ^^  ^^ 
jt^LuaaII  ij^  Imfm  mm  tab^  « 

muthajarah^  It  is  against  m j  temper  te  nsL 
disputes  with  any  one. 

iLl^  mushdr,  part  pass.  Signified,  in 

dioated.     ^uJljlyL*  mmhdnm  i2syA 

Above  mentioned,  aforesaid,  touched  ii]k> 
before,  related  above. 

c^UL^  mashdrih  (pL  of  ^^^u*^),  Drinks 
things  in  general  which  are  portable. 

iiojXj^  mushdratai,  Acting  or  makin; 
an  agreement  on  certain  conditiooi 

A^tmi  haamb  karmimk  mim  gktiyir^  awiAort 
toA,  Give  me  according  to  your  generoar 
without  making  any  ba^ain. 

uJ;Uiu«   moihdrif   (pi.    of  %^jJL^ 

Eminences.  [jf^^''^ 

J^ll^  maahdrik  (pi.  of  J/^)»  Easten 

\Hj\JL^  muihdrik,  part  A  oompaoict 
associate,  comradBy  partaer. 


\jU 


(371) 


iij\jL€  MttA^falm^  Batermg  into  part* 
nosfaqt.  Coiiimaiiitj,iodet}r,aaoeialion,com- 

mimieatioii^  eorre^ondenoe.    i^j\JL^ 
4^t>»  A  vaitf  of  Mli^on. 

muMi  (pi.  of  kl^).  Combs. 


j?i«ii^ 


O'^  mldia^,  The  ait  of  ooinbing  the 


bir.    MmiSt€tj  The  maaner  of  combine. 

•I  I  * 

<ipU^  mtuMsM,  A  comber^  a  wait- 

i^'wi  I  bride-dreaer,  a  tire-womaii. 

c  wflMdid^^  part.  pass.  Diynlged.  Ifn- 
^Hfriltcd.    Undivided,  undiTiMble  property. 

JfLU  maihd^  (pL  of  JaI^),  Lan- 
tsM^foidM.   Flmei,  lights,  splendoim. 

^\t^mmha^]Mat,  In jimngf^  defaming, 
Hpabbliag,  naaag  tamnlta.  [face. 

*^^  mm^fahat,  ^eakin^  to  one's 
j^l^AoiAfli;  AiBietions,  ineonTenienoes. 

^^  muthdkaif  Whaterer  falls  from 
^t  vool  wbea  combed.  [GnUefiihiess. 

^^•^  MttAdioml,  Showing  gratitade. 

J^vl^  SNuMb?,  part.  Besembliag,  suit- 
^  appoate,  ooiKWiiieitt 

«t^  wmiidipir,  part  A,  counsellor^  sen- 
ator.   j^^l-Mb^,  Coonsellors. 

'^9»1^  mushaw^Hrat,  Counsel,  consulta* 
^  deHbentioiiy  conference,  debatew 

<^ll^  wmikdkui,  part.  Seeing,  eontem- 
pii^.  One  who  lees.  MmMdhad,  Seen, 
•ntniplssed. 

'•^^  sNMAdAoM  or  mushdhadah, 
Sgh.t,  lision,  contemplation,  speculation. 
L^  iZj\sA\j^,  The  oontemplations 
«  Tiaoof  of  fdnire,  absent,  or  inriaible  things, 
iu^ll/*,  A  testimoDj. 

1;^*^  mmhdkarai,  Baigaining  by  the 
■ndi.    HontU  J  wages. 

/^^  (pL  of  j>^fyL«),  Celebrated  men. 

f^  (pL  of  ;^),  The  chiefs  of  the 

^^  sf  fiedoniBS.  The  prinelpal  shaikh  in 
^  tribe  definays  the  cnams  of  all  who 
*^  St  or  leave  ihe  camp.  He  Teoeifes  the 
^  of  the  aUMM,  sad  of  every  person  who 
^^BBas  with  tiiem.  Af^oining  to  his  tent 
>  *  hkfe  paviUkm  for  the  reeeptios  of  all 
J^^en  ttd  pesMOg^.  There  are  held 
^^■^vos  amsmbties  of  the  shaikhs  and  princi- 
N  nea  to  determine  on  encanpnients  and 
'^■rrals,  on  peace  and  war,  on  the  differences 
*tth  Ihe  ^Qagea,  sad  the  litigations  and  qaar- 


lels  of  individuals.  To  this  crowd,  which 
enters  successively,  he  most  give  coffee,  bread 
baked  on  the  ashes,  rice,  and  sometimes  roasted 
kid  or  camel — ^in  a  word,  he  most  keep  open 
table ;  and  it  is  the  BM>re  important  to  him  to 
be  generous,  as  this  generosity  is  closely  oon- 
Be<Sed  with  matters  of  the  greatest  conse* 
quence.  On  the  exercise  of  this  depends  hia 
credit  and  hii  power.  The  fiamished  Arab 
nmka  the  Uberalit]^  which  feeds  him  before 
every  virtue;  nor  is  this  prejudice  without 
foundation,  for  experience  has  proved  that 
oovetott  chiefs  never  were  men  of  enlarged 
views;  hence  the  proverb,  as  just  as  it  is 
brief,  "  A  close  fist,  a  narrow  heart.'* 


^    tmuhahhak,     part.    Latticed, 
grated,  retifbrm. 

ijJi^  muiMhah,  part.  pass.  Counter- 
feited,   like,  resembling. 

kI^JjJ^  numhb^f  Engaged  (or  rather 

intricately  entangled)  in  a  bad  business,  from 
which  one  would  like  to  extricate  oneself,  bat 
cannot  do  so. 

\sJ^  moihtd,  Winter  quarters. 

J^s,£^  muJUah^  part.  pass.  Fall  of  de- 
sire ;  wishing  to  see  an  absent  friend ;  anxious, 

longing,     f  Jk>-  uXJ\  j^\:kMu«  \j\  and 

muthtak  ila^Tkjiddam,  I  am  very  longing  (de- 
sirous) to  see  you. 

CJjJL^  tnmhiabiki  part.  Mixed,  con- 
fhsed.    Latticed,  grated,  made  like  a  net. 

IfSUi^  tmuhtoMf  part.  Obscnre.     An 
ambiguity. 

t^xJL^  mmhtad,  Increased  in  strength. 
]cjxJL^  muihtarit,  part.Makiug  acondition. 
[^iJm^  ihmhtarak,  Common,  reciprocal. 

d^*:***^!  (jl^f  >  Common  sense,   i^ 

^jxJL^f^  A  word  of  many  significations, 
common  to  many  senses. 

iJJijJL09  aJx  ^yJL%  maksum   ^alayik 
muahUnruh^  Oommon  measure. 

i^J^^J^  wuehtarlf  A  bnyer.     i^yLuUif 

dir  ktd  yawm  yashtartf  The  buyer  can  every 
day  buy.  The  planet  Jupiter.  M%uhiara\ 
Bought. 

JjcA/e  mmfUa^t  Inflamed. 
wimhia^Ml,  Employed. 
mmhia/l,  Eeoovering  health. 

jfSLuL*  mushtak,  part.  pass.  Derived  (aa 
one  name  from  another). 


A^ 


(872) 


^\i3JL^  muehtakU,  part  Doabtful,  diffi- 
cult.   Obscure. 

^JcJjj^  mushtaki,  pait.  act.  Gomplain- 
ingf  lamentmg.  Muahtaka*,  part.  pan.  Any- 
thing oofiDplained  of.    ^JcJL^Jl  ULiJioj 


tuaartul  mmhiakl  wa 
tami^tushakioahf  I  saw  the  plaintiff,  and  heard 
his  complaint. 

^JAsJlu^  mtuhtamil,  part.  Comprehending, 
containing,  surrounding,  embracing. 

mttshiahar,  Famous.    Proclaimed. 


^fi*M^  tnushiahl,  part.  Loyiog,  wishingi 
desiring. 


mashjar  (fern,  ifys^*^)^  A  grove, 

planted  with  trees.  MuMhjir^  part.  (Ground) 
producing  trees.  Abounding  in  trees.  Mu$h- 
qifar,  A  garment  figured  wiu  trees. 

mash'hun,  Filled,  full. 


JJuuA.^  i~^j^-  harf  muihaddad,  A  letter 
marked  with  the  sign  of  di^licatioii  ("),  called 

j^JuuL^  maahdud,  Bound,  fastened. 

l^jJm^  mashrahf  Nature,  temper,  hu- 
mour. LmJjMi*^\  immLk]n\,  Of  an  amiable 
disposition,  aJSable,  good-natured. 

^j^^  nuuhrahf  Anything  which  can 
be  drank — liquor,  water,  etc.   ^jij  J^ 

^x^  j^Ui  ^^  ljji\  ^  ^  ^ 

with  me  aught  of  worldly  goods,  neither  food 
nor  drink,  and  I  had  become  desolate,  weary 
in  my  soul,  and  despairing  of  life. 

i^jJ^  mwhrif,  part.  Imminent,  im- 
pending, near.    An  eminence,  a  high  place. 

i^^l  ijJ^  ^K«  CJ^\  t  So  now  his 

aoul  was  restored  to  him,  after  he  had  bought 
himself  at  the  point  of  destruction  by  reason  of 

the  violence  of  his  fear.  ^J^c  |^^Li  Jj 
Jlc  J^  J*  \yj^\  Js^  J^Ui 

jsx]\  ^Jlc  4-J;*u-*,  They  then  pro- 

cecded  along  the  eeanwast  until  ^ey  came  in 
jigbt  of  a  high  mountain  overlooking  the  sea. 


musharrqf^  part.  pass.  Exalted, 
honoured,  ennobled. 

JjJ^  mashruh  (pL  jjj^)f  The  East. 
^jJj*^  muahrik  (fern.  SijJIu^  mmhrtiat)^ 
Shining,  refulgent.   -p.Iji  \.^^\j  ^J^ 

M 

^jw^ ,  And  on  her  head  was  a  crown 

of  gold,  with  a  fillet  of  jewels ;  on  her  neck 
was  a  necklace  of  jewek,  in  the  middle  of 
which  were  refulgent  gems. 

CJi/^  muihrik  (pi.  ^^jJSj>^)^  part.  In- 
fidel. Any  misbelieyer  who,  denying  verbally 
or  practically  the  unity  of  God,  treats  any- 
thing else  as  a  partner  m  the  Godhead ;  those 
who  oelieYe  in  the  Trinity  of  Grod. 

{^jJm^  mwhrdk,  part.  pass.  A  thing 
common  to  many. 

L^^jL^  mashrub,  Imbibed,  drank,  po- 
table.   CL^\jjijJL^  (pi.  fern.),  Liquors. 


^^j***^  nuuhruh,  Explained,  declared, 
illustrated.    Above-mentioned. 

^yu«^  tnashriit,  Agreed  upon,  stipulated, 
obliged  by  paction.    Prefixed. 

i^^jlL^  maahr&tah,  A  piece  of  property 

in  mortmain,  with  the  condition  that,  before 
being  applied  to  public  purees,  certain  pri- 
vate conditions  ahall  he  earned  out. 

9^y^  fnashru^f  Initiated,  beguu,  com- 
menced.   Legal,  just,  prescribed  by  law. 

IsjuL^  maaht,  Combing.  Musht  (pl.^\^L<«\), 
A  comb. 

jXux^  mishear  (or  /^\j^\jftJ^\),  The 

Kaaba  or  Temple  of  Mecca ;  a  place  dedicated 
to  religious  ceremonies ;  die  rites  of  the  temple 
of  Mecca.  External  sense  (aa  hearing,  seeing, 
etc).  Muthfjr,  part.  Signifying,  indicating, 
making  a  sign,  giving  information.  Hairy, 
«haggy. 

JjLuu^  nuuh^p  A  torch,  a  flambeaUi  a 

lantern,  a  fire-grate,  a  pharos  or  light-house. 
A  staff  with  a  cylindrical  frame,  commonly  of 
iron  at  the  top,  filled  with  fiaminf  wood^  or 
havinff  t^no,  tnree,  four,  or  five  of  these  re- 
ceptacles for  fire.  The  mash*al  with  a  single 
receptacle  for  fira  is  the  most  common,  and 
the  entire  length  is  generally  about  seven  feet. 

<djtMM«  nuuhifhalat,  Business,   employ- 
ment, occupation* 

^)ytJL^  nuMh^hul,  Busied,  wholly  dedi- 


*A«*«^ 


(373) 


JuL^ 


caied  ta  anything,  diligent,  anzions  about 

\oo^  J^ami^  /b^\  lit  and  al  y^wm 
mash^hul  jiddan^  I   am  Tery  busy  to-day. 

^ir^.UfcJl  ^  ^^^  J>^,  With 

yonr  penniaiioo,  I  wotdd  go  to  my  mother ; 
for  I  have  been  with  you  a  period  of  dam 
and  the  hearts  of  my  people  are  troubled 
respecting  me,  and  they  are  ei^iecting  me. 

i>A%%JL^  mMh§h^liyahf  Bosinefls,  ooca- 


pation.    Bdng  busy,  the  state  of  one  who  is 


)iBy." 


-•  * 


mtMA/S£»  part.  Condoling,  pitying, 
compassionate,  merciful,  showing  favour.  Kind. 

fjJ^  mashk,  An  example,  a  copy  to 
write  after ;  an  exerdse. 

&^1^  mnhakkai  (pi.  CI^UA^),  Afflic- 
tion, incouTenience,  adrersity,  pain,  distress, 

nkfortuBe.     ^  ^L«lJt  uXJl^  \j 

CSU\  Ld^l  jj^  V3U  v^\j  cJjf^ 

Ui:  jSJbf^  ^  C^\ ,  0  king 

of  the  age,  yeriW  the  thing  that  I  want  thou 
art  able  to  perform,  and  it  is  in  thy  power, 
and  thou  art  in  possession  of  it.  1  do  not 
impose  upon  the  king  a  difficulty,  nor  am  I 
mad,  that  I  should  ask  of  the  king  a  thing 
that  he  is  unable  to  accomplish. 

tjLl^    tnushiil,     Difficult,    intricate ; 
dottbtflil,  obscure,  ambiguous.     A  difficulty. 

J^\  ^,vx4b><  ^yLrn^  mash'kal  mumta- 


ni^  half  The  Oordian  knot.     J^JL^ 

muihakkal.    Formed,   well-shaped,    assorted, 
beautiful,  handsome.  [plained  of. 

yLuA^  moihku  or  ^^Jj^,  Anything  com- 

j^Lu.^  mashkUrf  Thanked.  Worthy  of 
thanks  or  praise.  Praised,  laudable,  agreeable, 
acceptable,  rewarded,  acknowledged. 

CS^J^  maahknk,  Transfixed  witk  a 
spear. 

J"***^  fiuuhlak,  A  cloak  made  of  a  eoaiBe 
stuff  of  eoat's  hair,  sometimes  white,  some- 
times black,  sometimes  striped  black  and  white. 

^JL4jL^  muth-mtuh,  An  apricot  with  a 
sweet,  abo  with  a  bitter,  kernel.  Large  quan- 


tities of  dried  fruits  are  annually  exported  to 
Constantinople  and  other  parts  of  the  Levuit, 
and  are  a  source  of  great  reyenue  to  the  in- 
habitants, [wax  cloth. 


mushamtna^  part.  pass.  Waxed ; 

J^4wuL«  nuuhmul,  Comprehended,  eon> 
tained,  surrounded. 

AytJM^  tfuuhmum,  Smelt 

ijySji^  tfuuhwarat,  Counsel,  consultation. 

i^yuut  mushatpwash,  Disturbed,  con- 
fused, intricate,  embroiled. 

j^u^  tnttshaunffikf  part.  act.  Kindling, 
inflanung  with  desire. 

KlSyL^  mtuhwik,  part.  Bearing  thorns. 

AAMu*   maahumy  Unfortunate,    unlucky 

(thin?  or  place),  bringing  ill-luck  to  the  owner 
or  holder. 

(^^Lm*  tnashwl,  Roasted.  ^yL^li  ^ 
lahm  hakar  mushwij  Boast  beef.  ^^ 
(^yL<«  ^^  lahmghanam  muihwl,  Boast 
mutton,  i^y^A^  uJj^U^Maril^miwAtrf, 
Boast  lamb.  ijyS^^  i^^j\  amah  mush-^ 
«7l.  Boast  hare.  \^y^  t^JcJb  CS^jidik 
hindt  mmhwl,  Boast  turkey.  ^W~<^ 
^^  dijaj  miMAwf,  Eoast  obicken. 

4^yL«  i^A^  jamal   muBhw^,    Boast 
camd. 

iXfl^  mash'htd,  A  place  of  confession  of 
fbith  or  of  heayenly  Tision. 

J^|A^  nuuh'had,  s.  A  place  where  any 
one  was  killed  for  the  true  religion,  or  where 
he  is  buried.    A  place  of  martyrdom. 

<\fyL«  mushah'hid,  part.  One  who  calls 

for  or  brings  evidence.      ^uLc  JkfuL« 
muahah'had  ^layeh.  One  against  whom  evi- 

dence  is  called.     ^  J|^filu«  mash-hud 
lahu,  One  in  whose  fayour  evidence  has  been 

already  given.     JlIa  ^^^^^  mash-hud 
fjilaifih.  One  against  whom  evidence  has  been 

alreadygiven  in  favour  of  another.  J^fuuu« 

JLkfib  aI  mash'hud  lah  hijfamdl,  One 
whose   beauty  has   become  proverbial,  like 

Joseph.      ^uCsrb  ^  J^fuL^  mash-hud 
lak  bilMkmahf  One  known  by  his  wisdom,  lika 

Solomon.      4>^UaiSlj  ^  43^fwL«  mash- 


^ 


<874) 


\a^ 


kmd  Uk  mjmaaaJkmA^  On*  known  by  bis  elo- 
Uk«Cweio. 


J^MAm^  Meached,  a  city  of  Per- 

mm^  in  the  province  of  Khonasan,  standii^  in 
n  fertile  pbda,  nnd  inclosed  by  strong  walk. 
Fire  of  its  tweWe  qnarters  are  now  in  rains. 
It  is  dtstinginsbed  by  a  Tery  splendid  maqso- 
Isam,  in  wMch  repose  the  asnest^  Imam  fteaa, 
and  of  the  Caliph  Haronn-al-Raschid ;  but  its 
houses  are  meanly  bnilt,  and  mostly  composed 
of  $un- dried  bricks.  Man/,  Velyet  of  the  finest 
quality^  and  ftir  pelisses,  much  esteemed.  Bop, 
60,000.    Z4i/.8r86'N.    Zon.6r^ 

^  J^fSU  MeshhedAU,  Mesched  AU,  a 

town  of  Asiatic  Turkej,  thirty  miles  from  the 
ruins  of  Babylon.  It  is  well  bnilt,  defended  by 
a  f»ood  wall,  deep  ditch,  and  lofty  towers.  The 
wost  conspicuous  obiect  as  tihe  tomb  and 
mosque  of  Ali,  which  draws  numerous  pilgrims 
towards  it  Hip,  Unascertained.— This  place 
WAS  the  capital  of  the  Arab  and  Christian 
dYuasties,  till  taken  by  the  Su-acens  in  the 
7  th  ccntuiy, 

\jiJ^  maih'hftr,  Celebrated,  published, 

di^uljrod,  conspicuous,  illuatrums,  fhmons. 
Pubho,  notorious,  well  known. 

^JLe  moihf/t  Walking,  going.    \^  JliLi 
^M^J^^^  4  uy^  ^^  *^^^ 

m  M 

j^ij\y  And  the  king  eaid  to  her : 

And  how  do  they  walk  in  the  sea  without 
bving  wetted  P  And  she  said:  We  walk  in  the 

Ma  aa  you  walk  upon  the  land.  ^m*<J|^ 

And  the  clad  him  in  women's  apparel,  and 
•(lid  to  him,  Walk  behind  me,  and  incline  thy 
bitdy  from  side  to  side  as  thou  steppest,  and 
|M  uptsed  not  with  a  hasty  pace,  nor  take  notice 
ut  any  one  who  may  speak  to  thee. 

f\it*U^  muht^^,  One  who  discovers  or 

liUU  lUL 
^     ^JL^    mathlb,   Growing  hoary  (the 

((('Mil J  i  bti<!oming  old.    Grey  hair,  hoanness. 

ik  ,,4'f  mu»h\yaif  Will,  pleasure. 

^4^^.«  ma$hydkh^t^  Seniors,  elders,  old 

liH«M,  l^rinri'S,  presidents,  chief  priests,  prelates, 
ll((((i<i«      Uit|mblio.     The  dignity  or  quality 

fad,   Extended  in  length 
3igh,  raisMl  (edifice).    Firm, 


v^V 


-•- 


solid,  strengthened.    \j\j  Ji^^ 

(jM^)^,  And  we  walked  to  it;  a, 

behold  it  was  a  parilion,  with  loftv  pillaif  i 
hi^  walls,  baring  a  gate  with  fokmng  dM 
which  was  open ;  and  the  door  was  of  ebon 

wMuihayyid,  One  who  Inulds,  kj 
or  erects  broadly  or  finnly. 

miMAir,    A   counsellor,   g«nei 

«Qnremor.  A  commander ;  one  who  ooBumao 
directs,  orders.  The  title  of  pashas  of  t 
first  class,  who  are  either  mhusten  of  tti 
goTemors-general  of  prorinoes>  or  fall  genet 
oommandbg  armies. 

IaJL^  mwMmaL  The  membrane  whi 

M  '  I 

enwraps  the  foetus  in  the  womb,  and  cui 
along  with  the  birth. 

A^iuA^  mash'iim,  Ualucky,  that  whi 
brings  bad  luck  to  the  owner  or  hokier. 

Up^Ux^  muidb,  Btrock  (as  aa  arrow  op 
the  mark).    Hit,  wounded. 

^.^^^^La^  mu9dhA  (fern.  dL>>La«),  pai 

A  companion,  a  friend,  the  iavowite  of 
prince.  [iarity,  oonreraation,  60ci« 

mu9ahab€itg    Company,   fam 

La^  nkwa  At/(pl.  of  i^-iflBT**^ ),  Bool 

jj\^a^  matddtr  (pi.  of^  Jb^^),  8oQre( 
Infinitiyes  of  verbs. 

ijjLd^  mnsddarat,  GoncasaKm,  oppn 
sion.    €onfiscatmg  to  the  crown. 

uJjl.£««  muiddif,  part.  Finding,  m» 

utg,  falling  upon.  ^jLa^,  An  c 
counter. 

jjLa^  musddtk,  A  corroborator  or  i 
mitter  of  the  truth  of  what  is  sa 

^jLa^  musSdak,  Conoborated,  cc 
firmed,  admitted. 

iJ^La^  muiddaiat,  Sincere  and  muti 

friendship,  Terad^,  sincerity^.  A  coirobo 
tion  of  the  truth  of  what  is  said. 

i^t^Le^  musddamat,  Collision,  confti 

a  blow,  the  shock  of  combatants,  beating 
another. 

^^Ld/s    mutdrahat.    Doing    anjthi 

openly.  U|y«d^  muiarakan,  Open 
before  another. 

c^lio/*  muidri^  part.  A  wrestler. 


(376) 


4s  ,Lm  mudra^,  Wxefttling,  throwing 


dowiL  [mcrnU. 

.JjLm  wuudrif,  Ej^Dfles,  disburse- 

.J  .*mm  sidjilrfii,  Intestines. 

iJU«  M«d/(pL  of  i.JL4z^),  Fields  of 
Wttlc.    Bi&b.    A  fteld  of  bstde,  an  army 

l^Jt^a^mn&fU,  Contracting  and  culti- 

iMVfiMadilixp  in  ihe  moat  finoere  and  pnre 
meda.  Pore  finandahip;  h*Tmg  a  linoare 
a^dnibmotlier. 

^Am  Mutd/ahat,  Taking  by  the  band, 
jnaof  or  shaking  lunda. 

Jiii^  mud/l,  One  who  contractsfiiend- 
'ijf  m  ike  BMMl  affaetiiniate  manner. 

^'^A^  mutdiahat,  Being  opposite  and 


r^ 


..2^  sMid/,  A  tale,  a  fiction,  a  story. 


^wi*  wmdlik  (pL  <rf  ^IL**-^),  Affidrs, 
cB^ojmc&ts,  ooeapationa. 

•^s'  -04  miidM#^,  EeooncUiaUon,  aooom- 

*'''*^tMip^  padfieation. 

•  ,1 

<«ua«  mutdnM^MJ,  AfGsctation. 

M*^^  mutdJkratj  Affinity,  connexion. 

v^.^^  matdyib  (pi.  of  ^>fl^).    J^ 

^^2if^^,  Bat  say  to  the  rejoicers  in 

cv  &traH,  Wait  jet  a  little ;  before  you  are 
•Biartanci,  and  Tery  great  onea  too. 

<^«a«  matd^idf  Traps,  snares. 

y^o^  suMtft,  part.  Walking  on  a  de- 

eSntr,  banging  downwards,  declining.  The 
smth  or  tke  confinence  of  a  riTer.  Muutb, 
^^nittea  with  lore.  [lamp,  a  torch. 

4 

^^  mitbdh^  A  ligbt,   a  lantern,   a 

^a«  wmha^ha^  A  dye  house,  dye  works. 

^•«3^  ■d«&«^A(fem.<U««d^  nuuhnghat), 

^Hsd,dyed. 
*r^  moihrnuhf  A  soap  manufactory. 

^^  wnudkkikf    part.    ICending,     a 

°Q^.     An  emendator.     Husahhah,  part. 
]■«■  Mended.    Emended. 

M«^  SHW.^/,  A  book.     c-i«f^S 
714  Akoran.  [dated. 

V*'^  wuu^Hhf  Accompanied,  asso- 
j^^^  mstdar,  An  origin,  source,  spring. 


J3 


theme ;  the  iaflnifciTe  or  noon  of  action  of  the 

Arabic  verb.  A  place.  jJuo/o  muiad- 
dor,  Strong  in  the  hreaat 

jl.d>e  mmaiHh  (fern.  £jJua<«),  part. 

Verifying.  A  yerifyer,  affirmer ;  also  one  who 
beUeYea  another.  One  who  receiyes  or  collects 
alms,  or  whatever  is  due  to  God;  one  who 
bestows,  and  also  one  who  asks  them. 

jjud^   mmaddik,   GprroboratiTe ;    tbat 

which  admits  and  confirms  the  tmth  of  what 
is  in  question.  [complaint ;  consumptive. 

nuudur,  Afflicted  witb  a  cbest 
ma»du^  Having  the  beadacbe. 
MUr,  Egypt;  also  its  metropolis 

Cairo,     w^a^  munr,  part.  Ferseyerin^, 

continuing,  insisting  upon  anything.  One 
who  pertinaciously  sticks  to  any  act  or  asser- 
tion; obstinately  persisting. 

f  ^  r-f  miird^,  One  leaf  of  a  folding 

door.    A  hemistich,  one  verse. 
^j*^^  mutarrahf  Expressly  and  clearly 

mentioned. 
i^j^a^  nuura/f  Expense. 

c  ^jio^  nuurU^f   Prostrated,  especially 
fUling  down  in  the  epil^My. 

nuurU/,  Turned,  cbanged.   Ex- 


pended. Spent,  laid  out,  directed  (in  travel- 
Ung) ;  declwable  (in  grammar). 

1^/-^^  MurJ,  An  Egyptian;  (a  native) 
of  Grand  Cairo. 

Ilj0a4i\  iJjjJt  addawlat  ul  muiriyah,  or 

llj0^\j\lSi\    udiiy&r  al  tnturiyah, 

E^rpt,  a  country  of  AMca,  bounded  on  the 
N.  by  the  Mediterranean,  £.  by  the  Red  Sea 
and  the  Isthmus  of  Sues,  S.  by  Nubia,  and  W. 
by  the  deserts  to  the  £.  of  Fezsan.  £xL  460 
geographioal  milea.  The  greatest  width  of 
the  jOeita,  from  the  Greek  letter  A,  it  beinf  of 
that  form,  is  about  160  miles,  from  Alexandria 
on  the  W.,  to  the  ruins  of  Pelusium  on  the  £. 
The  average  width  of  the  Valley  of  the  Nile  is 
about  eight  miles.  Area,  estimated  at  1 1,000 
milea.  JDivinoni.  It  is  divided  into  the  Said 
or  UpjMr,  the  Voetani  or  Middle,  and  the 
Bahan  or  Lower  E^rpt.  This  last  compre- 
hends the  Delta.  Stie.  Fertile  only  in  the 
Valley  of  the  Nile  and  a  part  of  the  Delta. 
This  valley  ia  indosed  by  two  ranges  of  hills ; 
the  one  on  the  £.  varying  in  height  from  400 
to  SOO  feet»  and  extending  from  Phils,  at  the 
S.  extremii^  of  Sgypt,  nearly  to  Cairo,  where 
they  gradually  b^n  to  sink,  until  finally  lost 
in  the  lathmus  of  Sues.  The  chain  on  the 
W.,  or  Libyan  Chain,  has  a  similar  extent, 
and  divides  the  Nile  from  a  wide  valley,  whichc 
at  some  remote  period,  may  have  received  tf 


(376) 


waters  of  the  Nile,  and  a  portion  of  which  ii 
now  called  '*the  river  without  water."    In 
ancient  times,  so  great  was  the  fertility  of  this 
country,  that  not  a  foot  of  ground  remained 
nncultiyated,  and  there  was  a  large  nnmher  of 
canals  which  are  now  filled  up,  but  the  re- 
mains of  which  may,  in  many  part^  be  dis- 
tinctly traced.    Riven.  The  only  one  is  the 
Nile,  which,  for  the  last  1,600  miles  of  its 
course,  has  no  tributaries.    It  enters  Egypt  at 
PhilsB,  and   its    average  width  througnout 
may  be  estimated  at  half  a  mile.    By  it  a 
number  of  artificial  canals  are  supplied  with 
water  for  the  purpose  of  irrigating  the  country, 
as  rain  rarely,  if  ever,  falls  in  Upper  £^pt. 
Lakes,  The  principal  are  Birket-el-Keroun, 
or  Lake  Moens,  in  Middle  Egypt,  and  Bourlos, 
Hareotis,  and  Menzaleh,  in  Lower  Egypt. 
The  last  can  only  be  considered  as  shallow 
lagoons,  separated  from  the  Mediterranean  Sea 
by  numerous  sandy  peninsulas.    In  the  *<  Yid- 
ley  of  the  Natron  Lakes,"  to  the  N.  of  the 
Libyan  Desert,  are  found  small  pools,  which 
in  winter  give  out  a  liquid  of  a  violet  colour, 
leaving  the  substance  called  **  natron," — a 
mixture  of  sulphate  of  soda  and  marine  salt. 
Climate,  Oenerally  uniform,  and  remarkably 
dry.    When  a  few  drops  of  rain  faU,  they  are 
viewed  by  the  inhabitants  almost  as  a  miracle. 
In  Lower  Egypt,  the  latest  observations  give 
thirteen  days  of  rain  in  a  year.    Thunder  and 
lightning  are  nearly  equally  unfrequent.    The 
prevalent  winds  are  from  tne  north,  and  con- 
tinue from  May  to  September,  and  from  No- 
vember to  February.     At  intervals  during 
the  spring,  for  about  fifty  days,  Egypt  is  liable 
to  the  terrible  wind  of  the  desert,  the  nmoom^ 
which,  from  its   intense  heat  and  dryness, 
threatens,  when  long  continued,  almost  the 
extinction  of  animal  life;  fortunately,  how- 
ever, it  seldom  lasts  above  three  days.    The 
heat  of  the  olimate)  combined  with  the  filthy 
habits  of  the  people,  is  considered  &vourable 
to  the  ravages  of  the  plague,  which  is  supposed 
to  be  indigenous,  whilst  ophthalmia,  another 
severe  disease,  is  also  peculiar  to  Egypt.  2bo- 
hgy.    The  wild  animals  are  tigers,  hyenas, 
wolves,  antelopes,  apes,  black-cattle,  horses, 
large  asses,  crocodiles,  hippopotami,  the  cham- 
eleon, and  a  kind  of  rat,  called  ichneumon. 
The  birds  are  ostriches,  eagles,  hawks,  peli- 
cans, waterfowls  of  all  kinds,  and  the  ibis, 
which  resembles  a  duck,  and  was  deified  by 
the  ancient  Egyptians,  on  account  of  its  de- 
stroying serpents  and  noxious  insects.  Among 
the  reptiles  is  a  serpent  called  the  cerastes,  or 
homed  viper,  whose  bite  is  fatal  to  those  who 
have  not  the  secret  of  guarding  against  it. 
Jhro.  Millet,  maize,  wheat,  rice,  onions,  melons, 
cucumbers,  sugar,  opium,  tobacco,  hemp,  cot- 
ton, lint,  and  indigo.    The  want  of  rain  in 
this  country  beine  supplied  by  the  annual  in- 
undation of  the  Nile,  which  begins  to  rise  in 
June  and  to  subside  in  September,  it  can 
hardly  be  said  to  depend  for  any  of  its  fertility 
upon  the  clouds.    When  the  waters  retire,  all 
the  ground  is  covered  with  mud;  then  the 
com  is  harrowed  into  it,  and,  in  the  following 
March,  there  is  usually  a  plentifol  harvest. 


But  some  lands  are  never  fallow,  and  , 

three  harvests  annually,  particularly  is  Lov^ 

Egypt,  where  sowing  and  reaping  sjx  goifi 

on  incessantly,  wherever  the  water  of  the  m^ 

can  be  obtained.    The  rioe-fields  are  mppli^ 

with  water  from  canals  and  reaerroixs.  Tbd 

is  no  place  in  the  world  better  furnished  wi^ 

com,  fruits,  and  all  sorts  of  garden-stuff;  n^ 

in  Lower  i^ypt,  oranges,  lemons,  figs,  dit^ 

almonds,  cassia,  and  plaintains,  are  produce 

in  great  plenty.   The  plants  peculiar  to  Egri 

comprise  the  papyrus,  from  which  the  iA 

substance  used  in  writing  was  made,  the  loti^ 

the   zeziphus,   and  many  aromatic  ^ecitj 

There  are  no  forests,  and  the  palms  and  sjcj 

mores  are   thinly  scattered.     MineraU.  24 

metals;  but  marble,  salt,  natron,  saitoetri 

and  red  granite,  of  which  the  pyramiiu  ai 

constracted.  Emeralds  are  found  lo  the  mooi 

tains  on  the  shores  of  the  Red  Sea.  Comiiurt\ 

Egypt  carried  on  a  consideFable  trade  in  I 

Inoia  commodities,  till  the  Portuguese  dij 

covered  the  passage  to  that  country  round  ti| 

Cape  of  Oood  Hope.    The  merchants  of  £ 

rope,  however,  visit  the  harbouis  in  the  Med: 

terranean  for  the  purpose  of  trafficking 

various  articles.    The  Ixade  with  the  intei 

of  Africa  is  mostly  conducted  by  meaos 

caravans,  which  bring,  in  exchange  for ' 

ropean  and   Egyptian   products,   elcphiuti 

teeth,  ebony,  gold-dust,  muak,  civet,  ambei 

eris,  ostrich-feathers,  and  coffee.    The  golfl 

dust  is  brought  from  Nenoland  to  Fez  an 

Morocco,  and  thence  to  Cairo,  over  immeu 

deserts.     The  slave-traffic  was  abolished 

Cairo  m  1846.     The  principal  oommoditM 

which  merchants  purchase  are  ooiTee,  kiuu 

cassia,  rhubarb,  sal  ammoniac,  myrrh,  safrd 

saltpetre,  aloes,  opium,  indigo,  sugar,  suda^ 

wood,  dates,  cotton  cloth,  etc.     The  traq 

with  Europe  is  carried  on  through  Alexandri 

Man/,    Inconsiderahle,  and  almost  eatim 

monopolized  by  the  government.     The  pd 

teries  are  extensive,  and  cotton  cloths  sn 

woollens  are  made,  mostly  by  the  natives.  A 

Cairo,  firearms  and   miutaiy  accoatrenea 

are  made ;  at  Benisouef,  carpets ;  and  at  Ft>^ 

lab,  red  caps.    Antiquarian  Remains.  £^j 

is  distinguished  for  her  vast  remains  of  ai 

tiquity,  large  portions  of  wMch  bear  no  man 

of  decay,  and  yet  display,  in  all  their  graadej 

and  entirety,  the  arts  and  the  power  of  tt 

first  generations  of  men.    These  remaiiis  u 

remarkable  for  their  magnitude,  the  aim 

their  contrivers  being  apparently  to  ssttmH 

by  their  immensity.    This  enormoiia  magn 

tude  is  particularly  oonspiouous  in  the  p)r: 

mids.    The  largest  of  these  measures  near 

600  feet  in  perpendicular  height,  and  has 

souare  base  of  700.    The  greater  part  eooas 

or  a  solid  mass  of  masonry,   composed 

**  Syrene    marble,"    or   red   gxvnite. 

temples,  though  they  cannot  rival  the 

pendousness  of  the  pyramids,  jet  appear 

exceed  every  other  work  of  human  art    1 

site  of  Thebes  exhibits  a  space  of  ten  mi 

almost  entirely  covered  with  colossal  ssr 

roins.    Even  tne  statues  with  which  they  aj 

adorned  always  poaseas  gigantie  dimaittion 


(377) 


InMUadt,    Theie  m  eompOMd  of  four 

difen&t  nees;  eonnstiiig  of  Copts,  AnVs, 

Torb,  aid,  tin  1811,  Ifamelaket.  The  Copte 

ire  the  ofigiinl  xace,  and  «ppetr  to  be  the  ae- 

Ktuhiits  of  the  most  anaent  inhabitants  of 

Ezrpt,  mingled  in  some  degree  with  Persiana 

fd  GieeU   The  Aiaba  are  the  deaoendants 

cf  tk  8tnoen  conqueron,  and  are  now  the 

E«t  Bsmoou  inhabitanta  of  Esypt    The 

Torb  bav«  alwap  been  aatabliahea  to  a  oon- 

B^mUe  extent  in  the  great  citiea ;  and  the 

Jm  sie  abo  numerous  in  the  eommerciU 

Btie^  iad  ire  oppraaed  and  persecnted,  though 

lefff  tsnipatedl    The  Mamelukea  oonsistod 

cf  Gesfpn  aod  Cireaanan  alsTee,  who,  under 

th^Faftnite  Klialift,  were  brought  into  the 

noasiT.  od  being  entrusted  with  anna,  roae 

i^BsA  their  ma^era,  whom  they  nuuaHcred 

Gi  e^wQri.  tad  diua  aaramed  the  dominion  of 

Ecrpt,  wluch  tiiej  tnmamitted  to  new  banda 

Wi^jHit  into  the  eountry.    They  were  rather 

tic  piudemi  than  the   rulers   of  Egypt. 

r^ar  ttraigth  being  broken  by  the  defeats 

apcriaeed  daring  the  iuTasion  of  the  French, 

ti{«  Pkihi,  Mdiemet  Ali«  conceiTed  a  plan  for 

tkr  demoetion ;  and  haying  inyited  their 

(^to  a  feast,  treacheroualy  massacred  the 

Mer  Bsrt  of  them,  in  1811.    Those  who 

soped  fled  to  Upoer  Egypt,  and  were  finally 

^TCD  to  establish  themselyes  at  Dongola. 

Tb$  caatpkiian  of  the  EgyptUma  ia  tawny, 

^^^t  proceed  aouthwanl  they  become 

drto.  QBlil  thoae  near  Nnbin  are  afanoat  black« 

^7  .*'*  generally  indolent  and  cowardly. 

Tile  lidier  sort  do  nothine  all  day  but  drink 

»&e,  moke  tobacco,  and  ueep ;  uid  they  are 

pmai,  pnrad,  haughty,  and  ndBculoualy  yain. 

^^.DesMtie  by  an  hereditary  Pasha.  Army. 

^o^nMc-abont  210,000,  including  the 

Kdooic  inenlar  caralry  and  the  nationd 

pvdi.  itL  Mahometan  and  Christian.  Pop, 

1000,000,  eiehaiye  of  the  nomadic  Arabs  in 

^teti.  Xtff.  between  23°  60' and  sr  86' 

5.  bm.  between  25°  and  36''  E.— The  early 

>^  of  Egypt  iainyoWed  in  obscurity.  The 

■^  Idogs  govemed  it,  till  Cambyses  be- 

■^  maiter  of  it,  626  years  b.c.  ;  and  in 

!ier  tisK  all  those  wondmhl  structures  were 

2*i  Old  woiks  perfected,  which  we  cannot 

■^  vithoQt  astonishment    These  are  the 

fiBidi,  the  labyrinth,  the  immense  grottos 

^  ^  Thebais,  tile  obelisks,  temples,  and  pom- 

?«  psboes;  the  lake  Moeris,  and  the  yast 

H*^  vhieh  seryed  both  for  trade  and  to 

mm  the  kod  fridtfiiL     The  country  eon- 

^sndcr  the  Persian  yoke  till  the  time  of 

*™^  the  Great,  who,  haying  conquered 

^^  bmlt  the  city  of  Alexandria.    He  was 

^9^  by  Ptc^emy,  the  son  of  Lagos,  823 

^  B.&   Ten  kings  of  that  name  succeeded 

JJ*«cber,  till  Cleopatra,  the  sister  of  the  last 

ff*y.  ascended  the  throne,  when  Esrpt 

Mtte  s  Boman  proyince,  and  continued  so 

yj^  RigB  of  Omar,  the  second  caliph  of  the 

^'"^Bon  of  Mahomet,  who  droye  out  the 

■"Bans,  after  it  had  been  in  their  hands  700 

jwv  Wha  tiie  power  of  the  caliphs  de- 

'utsd,  asbdia,  fat  1171,  set  up  the  order  of 

tfe  MsinrtnkMi,  who  usurped  the  soyereign 


power  in  1260,  and  extended  their  dominions 
oyer  a  great  part  of  Africa,  Syria,  and  Arabia. 
At  the  commencement  of  the  16th  century, 
Selim,  a  Turkish  emperor,  conauered  it,  and 
for  many  years  it  was  distractea  by  the  ciyil 
wars  between  the  different  contending  beys  by 
which  its  proyinces  were  goyemed.  The 
fiunous  Hassen  Ali,  the  l^kish  admiral, 
gained  seyeral  yictories  oyer  them  in  1786; 
but  though  he  repressed,  he  could  not  totally 
subdue  them.  The  French  inyaded  the  country 
in  1798,  under  General  Bonaparte ;  but  they, 
in  their  turn,  were  driyen  from  it  by  the 
'  British  in  1802.  In  1811,  Mehemet  All  be- 
came master  of  Egypt  by  the  massacre  of  the 
Mamelukea,  and,  under  nis  sway,  it  progressed 
rapidly  in  cirilization.  He  considerably  ex- 
tendea  its  boundaries,  eyen  into  Asia ;  but,  in 
1840,  was  dispossessed  of  his  Asiatic  conquests. 
The  Treaty  of  London,  howeyer,  in  1841, 
confirmed  the  riceroyalty  of  Egypt,  as  a  fief  of 
the  Ottoman  Empire,  to  him  and  his  descend- 
ants. Since  ^e  establishment  of  res^ular 
steam-packeta  in  the  Mediterranean  ana  the 
Indian  Ocean,  and  the  gradual  deyelopment  of 
its  railway  system,  I^ypt  has  become  the 
highway  to  India,  not  only  to  most  trayellers, 
but  for  the  general  correspondence  of  Europe. 

jlkio^  mtstdr  or  mastdr,  Sour  wine. 

dJa^A^  moitabat,  A  bench  built  with 
stoneSy  on  which  people  recline.    ^\^^ 


\^\  JmJ^  t^jx^tAf  And  by  the  side 

of  the  door  was  a  wide  nuutabah.  The  porter 
therefore  put  down  his  burden  upon  that 
moitabah  to  rest  himself,  and  to  scent  the  air. 

0^i^0A^  musiahih,  part.  Taking  a  morn- 
ing draught,  one  who  drinks  at  that  time ;  re- 
maining or  doing  anything  during  the  morning. 

fmJia^a/t  musiaf,  Placed  in  a  row,  ar- 
ranged in  order. 

^^gVi.rr^  mu9iafa\  Chosen,  selected.     A 

man's  name,  particularly  one  of  the  names  of 
Muhammad. 

^.(Vixa^   muitakf,  Onm  mastic,      ^s^ 

_C!La^  ^ak  musiakl,  Brandy  per- 
fumed with  gum  mastic,  like  that  of  Chio.  * 
^r*^^    mwtalih,    Idiomatic,    phraseo- 
logical, metaphoric.  cu?W"'*'^,Meta- 
phorical  speeches,  full  of  phrases  or  idioms. 

Jji-o/e  mas^ad  (pi.  «XfiLd^),  An  ascent, 
a  step,  a  ladder,  a  stair. 

maaaf,  A  field  of  battle. 


(378) 


^^^iio^  miifn^^  and   ri^a^  mis/dh  (pi. 
^La^  nuudfi),  A  strainer. 

musaffa*,  Strained,  purged,  clari- 
fied, pure,  clear. 

Ji'.d^  tniskal,  A  smooth  shell,  or  any- 
thing used  in  polishing. 

f^^La^  muik^f  Polished,  furbished. 

f^^^  rnuslih,  part.  A  corrector,  censor,  . 
rectifier,  restorer,  mediator,  arbiter,  pacifier, 
reconciler. 

^^  muioBah,  Befiormed,  reorganized. 
Corrected,  improved,  rectified. 

^jsr"^^  maslahat,   An  affair,   business, 
employment,  transaction,  occupation. 

immfjiiA'^  maalub,  Crucified.   (See  i^i^ifM*^.) 
iXa^  mtuaHl,  part.  Praying. 

i^UtfL^  miMsalW,  A' place,  in  the  open 

air  devoted  to  public  prayor.  Any  place  of 
prayer. 

M 

<.iri4i.fl^  manniuat,  Sipping,  tasting  with 
the  tip  of  the  tongue. 

I»«4itf3^   tnutammam,    Plxed,    concluded, 

determined.  Besolute,  firm.  Fully  intended, 
designed,  decided  upon. 

^^i^^A^  mmannti^^  Facetious,   artificial. 
Manufactured.    Made  or  prepared  with  art 

f^Jiu^oL^  mmanniff  part.  act.  The  com- 
poser, author  of  a  book.     Mutantiaff  part. 

pass.  (fern.  ^LftL^/t  ),Cofaipoeed.  Written, 
compiled.  [compositions. 

CL?Ui<fl^   muBdnnafatf   Books,    works, 

c^Mid^  matnu^  Made,  formed,  created, 
prepared.    Artificial.  [artificers. 

oUyMd^  mamik^dtf  Things  made  by 

jy*^^  matawwir,  part.  Forming,  figuring. 

A  painter,  sculptor.  Mutawwarf  part.  pass. 
Formed,  painted.  Figured,  drawn,  cut  out 
Ornamented  with  figures  and  designs. 

^^^^^  matunf  Guarded,  kept  safe,  pre- 
served, defended,  laid  up.  Protected,  shielded, 

kept  free.    ^1  ulXU  Jo\  cL^  J  ^j 

And  withal  that  he  is  a  king,  and  the  son  of 
a  king,  and  one  of  the  most  virtuous,  who  are 
exempt  from  all  vices  ? 

4^Lia^  misydf,  (Ground)  haying  great 
plenty  of  summer  rains. 


mtUlh,  part.  (An  arro^^)  hitting 
the  mark.    Goodjor  fortunate  (couuel). 

muiilat,  A  misfortune,  disaster, 
calamity,  affliction,  trouble,  adversity.    Dis- 

grace.    jCi  ^JL^^\  iJoU)  ijs^i. 


'rf  L.fj'  v/  "^r*^ 


u»y 


;S. 


lib  1  Am)    <    ^  f  1 

^jJl!^   Ui  Af«  ^  CS^y^j 

s  ' 

\jb\y^  isf^\j ,  Grieve  not  on  account  of 

the  calamities  of  the  time,  since  every  afflic- 
tion will  have  its  end.  He  whose  aeath  is 
doomed  to  take  place  in  a  certain  land  will 
not  die  in  another  land.  Send  not  thy  mes- 
senger on  any  important  commission,  for  uo 
person  has  a  more  faithful  friend  than  oneself. 

Ju«d^  masffodah  (pi.  JjUk<«),  A  net  or 
any  hunter's  implement    A  trap. 

fmUlr,  Departure.     The  place  of 
destination.    t«J  lI^Iiu^  aUi«:1  t«\ 

Us 


u 


not  death  thv  doom  P  Where  then  is  thy  pre- 
paration P  is  not  thy  hoar  hair  thy  waroine  f 
What  then  is  thy  excuse  P  Is  not  the  grave  thy 
resting-place  P  What  then  wilt  thou  sayP 
And  art  thou  not  going  to  Ood  P  Who  then 
shall  plead  for  thee  P 

\j»a^  miirdn  (pi.  ^ji^^-^a^  fwtfsdrfii). 
The  intestine  which  receives  the  chyle. 

jLma^  moAf,  A  summer-house,  villa, 

country  residence. 

muuaykaif  Burnished,  polished. 

k^Lo^  maddji^  Beds,  sleeping  places. 

Muddji^  part.  (fern.  hip^\*A^),  Bleep- 
ing (with  a  woman).  [sunrise. 

Sl>-L^  muddhdtj  Coming  to  one  after 

if  JjLo^  mudddadat,  Opposition.  Being 
adverse,  repugnant  oontrary. 

i^j\^a^  maddrib  (pi.  of  i^j^a^),    Mu^ 

ddrib  (part,  of  ^^Ux«),  A  battle,  com- 
bat, conflict  Selling  the  goods  of  another 
for  half  the  profit  A  mutual  beating  of  each 
other,  fighting. 

djj\^A/%  IS  J^  ihirkattnuddrahah,  A  sleep- 
ing partnership,  an  association,  a  company  en 
commandite. 


(879) 


ijla^  wmiari^  Ike  gorfat  o{  verbs 

vhidi  hare  eithera  preMnt  or  a  fatore  ngnifi- 

citioB. 

J^U«  mudd^af  (feizi.    LaaLx^), 
JMkd,  iocmaed,  maltipUed.    A  dnpliette. 

J'^mKfa/(pL  fera.  cl^ULm),  An- 
s^  added,  jeUtfld.     A  noun  pUced  is 

K^twm  or  ooDstroction ;   as  ^J  i»li 
^ydiwtfyiiVs  The  body  of  Zeid  {Ai. 


being  called  uJUU  or  ^l^\  The 
gorening  noon;  and  JljJ  styled 
c'l  iJU«11,  The  noon  goTeroed). 

<JU«  ifiMla/,  One  who  is  added  to 

^»!  (oDedaUj  to  Umim  with  whom  he  Mb 
&>  mam  eonoexum). 

c*j'«^  maidfatj    Additions.      Con- 
V^  cr  nbjceted  tenitories. 

^^^tMidmln  (pi.  of  ^y^^ia^)f  The 

tt&teatB.  Thingfeontftined*  Sensefl^  meanings. 

^^'^  mwddkdt,  Besembling  (another). 

1^:*^  mtdSffoUi,  Oppression,  penary, 
*^J,  vanty  neoenitj,  distress,  porerfy. 

^maghfkt  A  lepart,  a  protocol,  « 

^)-^flwAiU,Poeae88ed,  oocapied,  held, 

gyd,  nsnlatod,  checked,  restrained,  tamed, 
witedfCneipiiiMd.  Committed  to  memoiry. 

if**  »i4f«r,  Languid,  vexed  in  mind. 

tf^  ««^,  A  bed,  any  place  of 

^^  [mcny, 

i^^*^  fliiiXdl,  Laughing,  facetions, 

^•^*^««d*tl,  part.  Kidiculous,  droll, 
«ii&?Iaagliter.  MwOkak,  Ridiculed,  derided. 

^^^^J^  wdkOM,  Jests,  jokes,  buf- 
"'*'n^  iDj  ipeeehea  or  actions  which  excite 

W  lix-»  id^\,  And  she  pro- 

"*^  t»  console  him,  and  to  alleriate  his 
*<^.  nd  to  relate  to  him  some  laugh* 
^;  namtioDs  and  tales,  nntil  she  sac- 
1«Ri  ia  mking  him  lang^  in  the  most 
**wot  Kaaoer. 

1^**^  mgdiR,  part.  Being  early  in  the 
^^i^g.  doing  aajthing  at  that  time. 
'^  tatik,  Offensive,  noxious,  hurtful. 


Every  nozioas  animal  may  be  slanghtered. 
(ProT.) 

m^jA^   mtdrdb,  Any  instrument  for 
striking.    A  musical  plectmm  or  bow. 

madrah,  A  sword,  the  edge  of  a 


sword.  A  place  where  anything  is  struck, 
fixed,  or  planted.  A  field  oi  battle.  A  place 
of«noampm«nt  U^* 

ijtid^  madarrat,  Detriment,  damage,  in- 

)0j»d^  mudrit  and  \9j.a^  mudarrtt,  part. 

Caunng  to  make  a  harsh  sound.  Making  a 
noise  with  the  mouth  in  derision.  A  seorner, 
a  mocker. 

L^jjtd^  madrikh^  Struck,  stamped,  ham- 
mered, forged.  Beaten.  Used,  idiomatic, 
pvoYerfaiaL 

j^j^^  nuidr^,  Damaged,  injured.' 

^j-^   mudarlyatf  The    Modarites    or 

Hozarite8,an  Arabian  tribe  (whose  war  ensigns 
were  red,  those  of  Arabia  Felix  being  yellow). 

^  n,u4tafi„  part.  Lying  down. 
-  rechmng  on  the  breast 

JsLa^  mudUMT,  pass.  part.  Beduced  to 

difficulties,  rendered  desperate,  forced  by  neces- 
sity, distrfaued. 

\^Jieua^  mudtarabf^t^t  A^tated,  moved, 

aisturbed,confounded,afflicted,anxious,fluctaat  - 
ing,  staggering,  nodding,  distracted,  tormented, 
chagrii^;  waTering  or  preraricating  (evi- 
dence).        ' 

/^Jsi'^  mudtartm^  part.  Kindling  (fire). 

Jk|ki^  mudtahid,  part.  act.  Subjecting, 

compelling.  A  persecutor,  one  who  persecutes 
anotoer.  Mudtahtul,  part.  pass.  Constrained, 
forced.  Subdued.  One  who  is  persecuted  by 
another. 

\,.JjLd^muda^ff  part.  pass.  Debilitated. 
Doubled,  multiplied. 

mudghat,  A  piece  of  meat  (or  any- 
thing filling  the  mouth).  A  morsd,  a  fragment. 

iui*  ^^^  ^  jcr  U^  &L  ilO^n, 


I  entered  it,  empty  of  wallets,  apparent  et 
poverty  and  destitution,  with  no  means  of 
sustenance  in  my  possession,  and  not  a  mouth- 
ful in  my  scrip. 

Jy.M  mudUy  part,  Causing  or  permitting 
one  to  err,  learing  one  in  error.    A  sedieer. 

«Jy,a^  mudli^,  part.  Heavy,  inclining  to 
one  side  (a  burthen).    Weak  in  the  aides,  un- 


IL. 


(380) 


> 


fit  for  carrying  loads.      ^Ld^  mii- 
dallaf;^,  part.  WoTen  in  the  shape  of  ribs. 
^JLdy*  mudallil,  part.  Insisting  in  an  error. 

Jliimdy  midmdr.  An  open  plain  or  space 
for  horse  exercise,  a  race-course. 

J^*****^  mudmahil,  part.  Disappearing, 
Tanishing ;  cancelled,  de&ced,  carried  off. 

jA»d^  mudmar,  Concealed;  conceiyed(in 
mind). 

f^^*a,^  mudamman,  (A  poem)  compre- 
hending the  verses  of  another  poet;  also,  a 
Terse  or  word  depending  npon  the  following 
word  or  verse  to  be  fally  intelligible. 

Ay^md^  madmUm,  Added,  joined,  accn- 
mulated.  A  letter  marked  with  the  vowel 
point  damfM  (').  LLA^y*.^d^  (pi. 
fern.);  Additions,  accumulations. 

^yA^A^  madmUn,    Sense,    signification, 

contents  (of  a  letter).    The  substance  of  the 
contents  (of  a  letter). 

^^•o-^  mudi,  Shining,  lucid,  illnminating. 

Passing  by.    ,  ^^  U  .  ^a^  mada'  m& 


mada\  (prorerh)  Let  what  is  past  be  past;  let 
us  speak  no  more  of  it. 

mudyi^y  part.  Losing,  dissipating. 

madlk,  A  narrow  place,  a  difficult 
affair,  straits,  perplexity. 

j;j11x«  maiahik,  part.  Conformable,  suit- 
able, equal,  agreeable  to.    Conforming,  etc. 

^^-ft-jUa..^,  Conformity,  proportion, 
equality.  Similarity,  oongruity,  uniformity, 
sameness. 

^jlk«  matarih  (pi.  of  ^^),  Places. 

<l>>jlk«  mut&raha,  Disputing  on  difficult 
questions. 

if  J;lk«  muidradai,  Opposition,  resistance, 
combating,  a  mntual  attack. 

^j^nMtarinat(jp\.o(^\j2^),  Bishops 

Metropolitan.  [Obeyed. 

^Ua^  mutd^  (fem.  LilL«),  part.  pass. 

imJm^  matdf,  A  place  round  which  they 
walk  in  procession  in  religious  ceremonies. 

(^lk«  mat&hh  (pi.  of  c^Jia^),  Ques- 
tions. Demands.  k^lLJl  lL^sTi^j^c^ 

kiiab  bahsul  tnatalib,  "The  Book  of  Ques- 
tions and  Inquiries,"  "An  Arabic  Grammar," 
by  Bishop  Germanos  Farhat,  Maronite  of 
Aleppo. 


JLIlk«  mutdlaM,  Asldng,  requiring. 

^lk«  mutdU^,  A  student,  one  who  { 

read  much.    One  whose  only  application  i 
read  and  to  study. 

^lk«  fnaidli^  (pL  of  ^^),  Pointy 
which  celestial  bodies  rise. 

XxIUa^   mutdla^at,   Consideration,   o 

templation,  reading,  study.    Studying, 
volvmg  in  one's  mind,  carefully  weighing 

examining.    ^^ci3l  ^IL«  mute 
al  kuCbj  The  reading  of  hooka. 

4lfi^lLu«  mutdwa^at,  Consent. 

Ulk/t   tnatdyS   (pL    of   ^uSx«    rn^i) 
Hones. 

^.L«  nuUhakh,  A  kitchen,  any  place 

cooking.    MUhakhy  Any  cooking  instmme 

J^ix^   mutidbakkf  part    pass.  Cook 

Mtatabikhf  part  act.  Cooking.     Takiq 
preparing  anything  for  dressing. 

wL^  nuUba^,  A  place  where  any 
is  imprinted,  or  mark  made. 

JJtJx^  maiba^,  A  printing  madiine. 
printing-office. 

^jl!x«  mtgtahhah,  part.  pass.  Compli< 
multiplied,  double. 

^^Ja^  nuUbukh,  Cooked. 

c^JL«  matbu^,  Printed.     Imprinted 
one*s  nature.   Agreeable  to  any  one's  tistt 

ijy^^^  fnat'halj  Splenetic. 
Ja^  matar  (pL  jUa^l),  Rain,     ij^ 
j^jo^  ^^^|mJ!  \sibfi  mmddtU  h 

iuh'Shahr  waka^  maUr  katir.  During 

month  much  rain  fell.       ,^ -!^ 

Ja^\  ijt$  ^  4^»3J  ^j^  wahm^  am 

mm  ffodi  min  kturat  al  matmr^  The  knife 
from  my  hand  on  account  of  the  great  rail 

^l^la^  Matrdn,  Metropolitan. 

^Jo^  muirtb,   Agreeable,    aooeptal 

delightful;   amusing,  giving  pleasure  to 
senses  (like  music,  singing,  aaneiiig,  etc.). 

^Ja^  fnatrah,  A  place,   station,  p 
situation,  foundation. 

jjo^  mutarrh,  part  act.  A  worker 

lace  or  fringe  for  garments.    Mttiamu,  \ 
pass.  (A  vest)  ornamented  with  such  bordi 

^Jja/s  mitrakat,  A  smith's  hammer 
rod  for  beating  cotton  or  wool* 


JL. 


(381) 


^tja^wutrmiy  Bejected,  dejected,  abject 
Ji  ^  matridf  BaniBhedy  driven  awaj. 

J^jja^  mgbrvf  (fern.  ii^Ja^),  (Eyes) 
Isrt  hf  njthing,  whieh  makes  them  water. 

Zii^  mairufai,  A  woman  who  tania 
bs  «]w  from  her  hnibaBd  (towards  other  men). 

ijs^  9sttra,  S.  T.  used  in  Arabic.  A 
lirre  ^aAa  bottle,  which  traTellen  in  the 
East  IQ  vifh  water  and  hang  behind  them 
wbe&  sdia^  on  honebadc,  to  drink  in  die 
daert.  [woman. 

jija^  mibrlr.  An  impudent,  clamoroos 
o/>M  mdmrtf.  Made  to  look  fresh  and 


Jui^  wnd^im  or  Jila^  iftttto^^un,  part. 

F«e£]i^,  giriBg  to  eat,  one  who  maintains  or 
atottoBi  otben.  Mut^mm^  part  paas.  Fed, 
iqipGited  in  the  neeesariea  of  life. 

M9  jm^tfn  (pL   ^^lk«).   Piercing 
enesdeBwitii  spears.  AiJik^,  Sarcastic. 

^jfa^  mal^Hf   Transfixed.    Infected 

visfe  the  penUcDae. 

gik«  mi(f  f ,  Extinct.     ifif(/S  or  ^<2x« 
«£«/^pKl  Sxtingniahiog.  An  extingnisher. 


la«  m<a2Zs  (for  ^J^),  Gilded,  covered 

JUrt^mitJdif  (A  man)  frequently  divorc- 
er (la  wirea). 


'uz^w^atinh  (pi.  c-JUx<«),  A  qnes- 


lu,  petition,  intention,  proposition,  wish, 
tee.  A  snbiectk  matter.  A  thing  sought 
■r.   Demandy  request. 

jAo^  math^.  Arising,  appearing.    The 

acBg  (of  son,  stars).  jsr\  (Ak«,  The 
ttmg  of  Aurora,  the  dawn.  f-Ux« 
tr*^^  The  rising  of  the  sun;  the 

4^»a«  mutiaif  part.  pass.  Absolute,  uni- 

,  principal,  supreme.    Free,  exempt,  un- 
ned.  A  eoarse  or  raoe-ground  for  horses. 


i^^^j^\.  The  chief  good,  or  sum- 


QiB  hooum.  ^l^^  jJ^>  Free, 
pnog  the  veins,  ^jlk^ jJIj,  Omni- 
foteat  (God),  powerful.  ''Ulk«  (or 
J*il^  tc*-^)»  Absolutely,  properly, 
Biaplj^  quite,  altogether*  uXiL^I. 


laik^,  And  if  they  (fem.  pi.)  ask  thee 
concerning  the  opening  of  the  door,  answer 
them,  I  nerer  opened  it,  never,  absolutely. 

^^Jio^  mailab  (fem.  dbjLk^),  De- 
manded, exacted,  required.    Desideratum,  an 


active  debt,  one  for  which  payment  is  required 
by  the  creditor,  a  demand.  Called.  The  thing 
desired,  wish,  intention. 

*^^^^  tnaimah,  An  object  on  which  the 
eye  is  fixed. 

_lk^  muUlf  Gilded.  L^  Lf^  l^^^y 

.  •  ••  ^         •  M       •  a. 

l^:^  ^^;^u*».1 ,  And  they  found  in  it  a 

great  dome  constructed  of  stones  eilded  with 
red  gold.  ^  The  party  had  not  beneld,  in  dl 
that  they  had  seen,  anything  more  beautiful 
than  it. 

^>»U^  mtUfnain,  Quiet,  secure,  content, 
acquiescing,  safe,  enjoying  repose  and  ease. 

J^la^  matul,  One  who  delays  payment 
of  a  debt,  or  the  performaaoe  of  a  pionuse. 

^^jia^muiawwal,  Extended,  prolonged, 
continued,  tall. 

i^^a^  matwl,  Folded,  complicated. 
^^k^  nuit-har,  A  place  of  purification, 

puigatory.  Ji^  mutahhar,  Purified, 
clean,  pure,  holy. 

i^ijVi^  muiayyahf  Ajiomatic. 
wJo^  mull^  part.  Obedient,  submissive, 
obsequious.  clXLslt  Jli  CXi  J  J^ 

And  thereupon  the  king  said,  0  my  mistress, 
do  what  seemeth  fit  to  thee,  and  what  thou 
wishest;  for  I  will  comply  with  thy  desire, 
in  all  that  thou  wilt  do. 

^ulx^  tnatiyah,  A  horse. 

JUa^  ma%al  (pi.  of  IilL«),  A  tent,  a 
tabernacle,  a  parilion. 

JUa^  masdlm  (pL  of  A^JJa^*),  Oppres- 
sions, tyrannies. 

jyhUi/e  muMdharat,  Protection,  aid. 

uJ^Ja^  moMTltf,  Contained  in  a  cover  or 
envelope. 


(384) 


r 


J 


He  therefore  iammoned  his  son,  and  charged 
him  to  take  care  of  his  subjects,  his  mother, 
the  lords  of  his  empire,  and  aU  the  dependents. 
He  also  made  them  swear,  and  covenanted 
with  them  that  they  would  obey  his  son  a 
second  time :  and  he  confided  in  their  oaths. 

2(JjU^  mu^yadah^   Yisiting  and  eoa- 

sratnlating  on  the  ooeasion  of  a  religbus 
festiyal. 

^Juj\m^  ma^dyi$h,  Yictoals,  vivres,  pro- 
visions.    Necessaries.    Allowance. 

jjl^M^  mu^ayan,  part.  pass.  Seeiii  made 
public.    Clear,  manifest.- 

^..xjrLju^  mu^yanat,  The  sight     In- 
specting,  viewing    formally.      To    inspect. 

^^U  \}^^  ^li^  ^  \/\j\^,  When 

the  party  beheld  him,  their  reason  fled  from 
them,  and  they  were  stupefied  at  the  sight  of 
his  form,  and  retreated  in  flight. 

ma^id,  A  temple,  churob,  chapeli 
or  any  place  dedicated  to   divine  worship. 

juA^  mu^abhad,  part.  pass.  Beaten 
(path).  Subjected,  subdued.  Tame,  submissive. 

mah^r,  A  pass,  a  ferry,  a  ford. 

mu^abhir,  part.  An  interpreter  of 
dreams.    Mu^bboTf  part.  pass.  Interpreted. 

Ja-^uc^  ma^Ud,   Adored,   worshipped, 
served.  A  god,  a  deity,  whatever  is  worshipped. 

j\3ju9  mu^t&d,  Custom,  habit,  use.    Ac- 
customed, wonted. 

tnu^tabir,  part.  act.  Bespectable, 
worthy  of  consideration.  Mu^tabar,  part, 
pass.  Honoured,  esteemed,  revered. 

J  JCA«  mut^tadil,  part.  Moderate.    Tem- 
perate, neither  hot  nor  cold.  Equal,  even,  just. 

^^JCJ(^  muUadl,  part.  Iniquitous.    The 
aggressor. 

mu^cair,  part.  Excusing  oneself. 

mu^iar,  Poor,  indigent;  (a  man) 
not  daring  to  ask  what  he  wants. 

0jji^  mu^tarid,  Opposing,  interposing. 
Transverse.  [admits,  acknowledges. 

mu^rif,  Who  confesses,  owns, 

mu^rif  part.  Surprising,  coming 

suddenly  upon ;  approaching  to  ask  a  favour. 
Seiaed  wi^  ihe  parozyim  of  a  fever. 


^^ui/s  mu^iMtl,  part.  See  J|^:ict. 

^JpjL^  mu^toMolahf  A  sect  of  Mahometan 
schismatics.  [Squeesing  oneself. 

mu^taiift  part.  Pressing  grapes. 

mu^akf  Manumitted,   liberated. 

An  emancipated  slaTe.    ^•sjt^  mu^U 

tak  (fem.  ^ajlh.^).  Old,  ancient,  an- 
tique; made  long  ago,  kept  a  long  while. 

i3zju9  mu^ttakatf   Old  wine.       See 


>V,B..".  w,.^  mu^kid,  part.   A  believer. 

LZ^\jJbjut,  Things  credible,  articles 
of  faith.  [galled  on  the  back. 

Jsjt^  mu^takir,  Hurt,  (a  camel  or  horse) 

^juisjt/*  mu^kii,  part.  Inverse,  prepos- 
terous. 

\^^iicju9  mu^iakif,  part.  One  who  is  con- 

tinually  at  prayer  in  the  temple.    Attentive, 
religious. 

JsjL^  mu^al,  Weak,  sick,  infirm.  A 
word  in  which  any  of  the  letters  ^5 
or  J  (called  debihi  or  weaJi)  make  a  part. 

^^Im^  mu^UdaHf  Divulged,  published. 

jjtpjL^  muctamad  or  aJlc  XCJt«,  One  in 

whom  confidence  is  placed. 
^^^SJL^mu^ni,  part.  Diligent,  attentive. 

»^JL^  ma^uh^  Imbecile,  in  second  in- 
fimcy. 

i^,j^>s^  mu^ib,  part.  Pleasing  or  admir- 
ing oneself.     Mu^'abf  Admired  by  others. 

v.^'osr^  muQ,ajfab,  Admirable,  wonder- 
ful, stupendous.    Astomshing. 

ijjs^  mucjoMtt  Weakness,  infirmitj, 
impotency,  defect    Muyisat^  A  miracle. 

(Ji:^  mu^jjil,  part.  Hastening,  causing 
to  make  haste.    Mu^jjdl^  Done  in  a  haste. 

^ijB^  mu^'ilan,  In  haste. 

^»iS*^t  cJiitf  iulbu^l  mafjamif  Respect- 
able in  Umself ;  venerable,  grave. 

^•js:*^  mu^am,  Marked  with  diacritical 

points  rto  distioguish  letters  of  the  same  shape, 
whose  oifference  of  sound  proceeds  merely  from 

punctuation) ;  as  J  and  J,  l^  and  iZJ, 
etc.,  J  being  called  <U^^  JiJ  (or 


(385) 


mare  commonly  Ia^^  J\  J  tdli  tnih 

lijjmat,  and  J  being  named   J^J 

4^^;  and  bo  with  regard  to  the 
odMn).  [confection. 

jf^  ma^Hn,  An  electnary,  medicine, 

M«  mn-^  pari  act.  Preparing.     Jfu- 

\^  pst  pam  IhcMired,  diiposed  in  order, 
inapi  Gompnteo. 

ijkM  ai^dif^,   The   stomach.      i^inJ 

i^[  A  weakneea  in  the  stomach. 

yM^  wMiiily  part.  One  who  adjosts. 
JTi^t^Beetiiled,  adjoflted. 

<^iM  m^itdat  (see    J«Xc)>    Jnstice, 
tqitf,  Rctitude.  [Iftting. 

jft>^  M^iin,  part  Depriving,  annihi- 

^^  M^iM  or  mo^dofi,  A  mine,   a 
•tWrj.    The  place  of  anything,  eepeciallj 

Tliere  it  remains  fixed.    J^idi)^  (j^^^^^ 

aL!!.,  The  mine  of  learning  and  elo- 

T^snce  (applied  to  judges  and  priests). 

^^^(^  ^i>M^  ma^danfahm  hafari, 

A  quny  of  coala.  The  Lebanon  contains 
moesK  Buiei  of  coal,  which  were  explored 
*f  f^  Enptian  goTemment  daring  the  occn- 
P*^  ofByxift  bj  the  army  of  Ibrahim  Pasha, 

^M  1840.      JL»«X>-  ^Jui^    tna^dan 

^ii.  An  iion  mine.  Iron  abounds  in  Mount 
^'^Vtta.  Every  sommer  the  inhabitants  used 

to  work  these  mines,  ^oi  ^  Juc^  ma^ 
^  fadiah,  A  silver  mine.     ^;«X«^ 

gc^j,  flM^dlM    roada,    A    mine    of 

jtt^  Some  time  aso  tiie  Dmzes  of  Lebanon 
vi'QOTaed  a  mineral  which  prodnoed  both  lead 
^alTer,  bot  as  soch  a  disooTery  would  have 
^*^  tbe  whole  district  by  attracting  the 
Ijjfr"  of  the  goTemment  of  that  time,  they 
•«  batte  to  destroy  ereir  restige  of  it. 
^•1  ii  SB  immense  mine  or  wealth  and  ex- 
\^l^  ^  the  antiquary  and  naturalist, 
"^  w  gMiogist.  botaniat,  and  capitalist. 

4^aa^l,  Mineral,  metallic.  Metal. 


^^jmioz,  Mineral  juice. 
T**««4^rf«i,  Numbered,  counted,  com- 

f^  ma^i^m.   Wished  for  but  not 
non-existent       mHI  ^^y 
p  ^yXM^^  Known  by  name,  but 


^jkjt^  mu^f  Contagious,  t^*^^  \J^f 
tnarad  mti^,  A  contagious  disease  which  can 
be  communicated. 

L^fSn^  mu^amub,  Tormented,  chastised, 
punished,  afflicted,  vexed. 

jjA^  mu^str,  Making  an  apology,  de- 
serving to  be  excused. 

ij^jf^  ma^Morat,  An  excuse,  an  apology. 

j^juL^    md^sflr.    Excused,     excusable. 

AmJW  V;^  a  Joe  ^/mJj  aj^^^  a\Jo^ 
a^lfL  ^^4^  cr^^j>  -^"^  ^®  ^  ®^~ 

cusable,  seeine  that  he  is  a  stranger  and  alone, 
and  we  left  nim  solitary,  without  any  one  to 
cheer  him  with  society,  or  any  one  to  comfort 
his  heart. 

<^y^  mu^h,  part.  (fem.  ^y<^)y  (A 

horse)  descended  from  a  noble  Arabian  breed, 
without  mixture  of  other  blood :  one  possessed 

of  such  horses.  <-r^/t^  mu^arrab  or 
muf^radf  Made  Arabic  or  Arabian.    (A  word) 

pointed  wiihshortyowels(called  l^]j^\  ) 
in  the  Arabic  manner. 

ijL^\  d  tna^arrah,  There  are  two  Jfa- 
^rrahs  in  north  Syria,  one  called  ij*^ 
fjij**^  Ma^rrat  iVtarf »,  and  the  other 

^UjcJI  ijL^   Jfa^arrat  ul  Na^mdn. 

This  last  is  a  considerable  town,  yery  fertile, 
and  having  plenty  of  gardens  and  fruits.    The 

name  of  origin  of  the  first  is    ^  jl^ 

ma^amatif  A  man  bom  at  Maf^rrat  Nurtn; 
while  the  name  of  origin  of  Maf^arrat  ul  Nd^ 

mdn  is  ^e^y^  ma^amamif  A  native 

of  Maf^rrat  ul  Ifdf;man, 

iju9  Md^rrat,    Marrah,   the  ancient 

Asia,  eight  hours  from  Hamah,  on  the  road 
to  Aleppo,  is  now  a  poor  little  villaffef  but 
prettily  situated  on  the  brow  of  a  hiU  over- 
looking the  plain. 

^^/f^  mi^rdj,  A  ladder,  step,  staircase. 
-.|^*«!1  <LL1  layJahdmi^djy  The  night 

of  ascent  (when  the  Mahometans  suppose  their 
prophet  to  have  ascended  through  the  seven 
stages  of  heaven  into  the  presence  of  God). 

yj^y^  mu^id,  -An  occasion,  a  contin- 
gency, an  occurrence;  a  place  of  meeting. 

iftf^rii,  part.  Averse,  abhorring.  Uji^ 
muf^ruUmf  Promiscuously,  firom  every  quarter. 

26 


(386) 


ma^f,  A.  definite  noon.   Mu^raf 

.and  uJyc^  mucarrafj  The  face.  Mu- 
larraf,  A  place  on  Mount  Arafat  where  they 
perform  certain  religions  ceremonies.  Mu- 
^om/y  part.  act.  Making  known,  disting^h- 
ing,  giving  notice.  Mutttrraf,  part.  pass. 
Made  known,  marked,  notified. 

^J^L^  ma^fat  (pi.  uJ^U^),  Knowledge, 
acquaintance.       Science,    learning,    yirtne. 

di^jMJ  hi  ma^fat.  By  the  instrumen- 
tality, hy  the  means,  by.  ijJL^  ^^^^-t^ 

mkCb  ma^fahf  Expert,  dexterous,  skilful 
person. 

^jif^  mu^arrak,  In  high  perspiration. 
^^^S^\  Jjx^  Having  meagre  jaws. 

C^/L^  mu^ak  and  l^yt^y  A  field  of 

battle,  an  amphitheatre  for  gladiators  or  prize- 
fighters. 

^^jmt  ma^udf  Offered,  presented,  ex- 
posed, related.  An  exposition,  explanation, 
representation,  exhibition.    Petition. 

(_ijiJt^  fM^raff  Known,  celebrated,  fa- 
mous*   uJ«A^  t,,^^-^^  i&hib  ma^rUfy 

A  man  who  appreciates  the  good  done  unto 
him;  a  man  who  is  grateftil  for  the  benefit 
which  he  has  receiyed. 

i^lisxll  yjjf^  fna^ruhiV  ^Mdm,  Lean, 
haying  little  flesh  on  the  bones. 

ilj^yc/t  ma^aJiy  Compressed,  heaped 
together  (water  or  other  things). 

^yt^  ma^ara*  (fem.  i\jjf>^),  Naked, 
stripped.    Depriyed,  exempted. 

jtut  ma^s,  The  goat  species. 
ijMyt    ma^sMh,    Honour,    estimation. 

Therefore,  if  thou  be  not  in  a  state  of  comfort, 
arise,  and  accompany  us  to  our  country  and 
family;  but  if  thou  be  comfortable  here,  in 
honour  and  happiness,  this  is  our  desire  and 
wish. 

jjji^  mu^iouM,  Honoured,  magnified,  re- 

yered,  glorious,  honourable,  yenerable,  magni- 
ficent 

J^J*^  ma^ul,  Displaced,  deposed,  re- 
moyed,  dismissed,  turned  out,  depriyed  of  dig- 
nity, degraded.  ^^«  (-JSU^j  ^-'l£^l 


aukShi  UHUOfif  mtt^vlmj  FimotiomaTJei  wb 
haye  been  deposed  from  their  places. 

^Oc^  mu^amif  A  comforter. 

mtt^«ar,  A  man  in  difficulty,  wfa 
cannot  pay  what  he  owes  to  others. 

IjmJl^  maf.»aratf  Difficulty. 

jLiiM^  mu^askir,  part  Encamping,  e^ 

ertnsing.    An  officer  who  marks  oat  eam| 
A   commander.     JTm^mAot,  part.  pass, 
camp. 

ijdujc^  mu^asiol,  Preserved  with  honej 

jy^x^  fna^r,  Difficult.     A  difficult] 

iZj\jyujL^,   Difficulties,   misfortun^ 

fna^har  (pl.^^U^),  A  oompan 

troop,  society,  body  of  men.  ^\Jiaj\ 

J^^l ,   And  consider  a  people  wl 

ornamented  and  decorated  tib^r  palaces,  s: 
in  the  dust  haye  become  pledg^  for  thi 
actions.  They  built,  but  their  huildiH 
ayailed  not;  and  accumulated  tUMsmii,  b 
their  wealth  did  not  sayB  them  when  the  un 
had  expired. 

mu^hshar,  Decagon. 

jytji^    fna^hnk,    part    paas.    Lore 

XiyLx^,  A  mistress. 

j»axA^\  aJ^  karimu^V  ma^for.  One  vl 
shows  liberality  when  asked. 

j^oiL^  mi^sar,  An  instrument  with  whi 
anything  is  pressed.  [pouring  down  nj 

iJL^\j0asty  mu^r&tf  Clouds  expressed 

ij0aii^  muciorat,   A  press   (tor  win 

oliyes,  etc.).  Mafjarat,  The  place  where  th 
are  pressed.  [(wu 

u,ft»gn^    ma^af  and    isuatu;    Yioki 

M,>a9L^  ma^am,  The  wrist,  the  brace] 
place. 

jy^ax^  ma^tUr,  Pressed  out,  squeezed 
fy^^^^  ma^fAin,   Defoided,   preserre 

innocent.  )c^ji^^ftyaM^vuMQ.vii.\ 
ulffhalaty  Infallible. 

ma^Bt'yat,  Disobedience,  rebellio 


]bm^ 


(887) 


Jji^ 


defeetion.  Sin,  prerarieation.  ]ai>>  \i 


ixU 


iUj* 


J  JiAj^^\L^\  iUtil,  •  ^l^ 


*  L^U^  J,  Attend  then  to  my  durge, 

adaebcv  Aobedicnce  to  me;  adopt  mj 
oapie, ud  ponder  wall  my  prorerbs;  for  if 
t^  tib  m J  eooBsel  as  thy  oomiBellor,  and 
tke  Ii|ht  tet  I  §jtn  tkee  m  thy  monung 
lifio*  & 7  Aflnhotte  wfll  U  fiOL  and  thy  bo»- 


^^  mi^U,  A  bnoelet,  or  any  orna- 
KUfvttttm.    Am  initnuMml  lika  a 


ivord,  used  in  fdling  trees. 

mtdiai  {Jem.  i*yM^\  A  garment 

b^  tile  detTM  onmoMntod  irith  figorea, 
^«f^  etc.  (A  camel)  marked  on  the  fore  leg^. 

gs^  mn^M,  Bity  seized  by  the  teeth. 
V<3M  Mfctoi,  A  dangerona  plaoe ; 

f^  w^aMir,  f etfbmed,  iwenled. 
ir<»4  M^te  and  ma^tt,  The  nose. 

L^3M  sNkatfo/,   Abandoned,  deserted, 

^BB^olM,  Mfie^aenied,  aa^leotod,  fiOlen 
Qto  duQtt,  obsolete,  antiquated  Toided,  anni- 
wd,  aaBnQed,  powedeia,  destitate,  empty, 
faa,idU,ofBoa«»mit. 

^f»^  aM^V»  Tozned,  twisted,  dis- 

*<^eoBTcrted.  Joined,  coi^led.  Tmmed, 
'"'^  (from  or  towarda  any  direction  or 

ijBM«t(^^  Bestowing.  Agiver.  Mu^\ 

^^ipresented.  fJu^  u:^1  Jib  ^ 
^a«ttefwA«i,  Do  yon  giie  thia? 

fSM  iNf'^iMi,  The  greater  part,  or  better 

^^  (of anything).  Jax^  mucmam, 
B<noQRd, great,  napectabk.    IJ^li 

^  c^)^  i^^l     'i ,  We  made 

'^  to  them  with  omr  fingen,  and  said,  We 
1^  BBbaaadon  to  &e  Moet  Honoured  King 
*^  ^^^  Ihwctne  do  ai  no  injioy ;  hut  in 
•»»«  thcT  Mid,  We  are  not  in  hia  territory, 
M  under  fagorermncnt. 


^ulu^  mu^timai,  An  important  event. 

^2^u^  mu^JSn^  Botten,  pntrid. 

^A«^  «kig/ii,  AbsoLved,  pardcMied* 

,yAjL^  mu^aUtad,  part.  pass.  Much  en- 
tangled or  inYohed.  Knotted.  Intricate, 
Imotty.  [aaylum. 

JiiM  m^^sU^   A  plaoe  of  refuge,  an 

i>^Bju9  ma^nd,  Bound,  tied,  Iftstened, 
tied  in  a  knot. 

J^£«^  ma^Hl  (pi*  LUi^Ax^),  Beason- 

aUe,  prohahle,  juat,  pertinent,  to  the  porpoae. 
Formed  in  wiaoom ;  good,  nice,  choice.  Pro- 
habilitiei,  woida   or  thinga   conaiateat  with 

reason.      J^AA««If  J^  Ij^  (^iSl\  al 


kalam  kmhua  didd  al  ma^ul.  It  ia  abaord  to 
apeak  thna. 

AJjJ,*,^  fna^JtUliffah,  Beasonableness, 
rationality,  intelligibility,  compreheoaibility. 

Wi8dom,sagaoity,perBpicaoity.  s^^'>\^ 

^jJ^J-ic^  idhib  ma^JMiyah,  A  man 
who  possesses  all  the  above  qualities. 
iu^AA^Jt  Jt>se.  ^adlm  id  ma^kuUffah, 

One  who  doea  not  reason,  one  who  ia  deatitate 
of  the  ftcalty  of  rationally  diatingoiahing  good 
from  evil.  [poeteroua. 

yjmt^^M^  mu^9.  Inverted,  reversed,  pre- 

i^^jL^  ma^f,  One  who  is  detained  or 
confined. 

^lU/e  mi^ldk,  The  lever. 

<— iU.^  maJaf  (pi.  u^U^),  A  stable, 

or  any  plaoe  where  food  ia  given  to  cattle. 
Mi^laft  A  aack  with  provender  hung  round 

the  neck  of  a  horse,   etc.      cjilx^ 

mu^allaf(fem,^Jiju9)y  Fatted,  crammed. 

^JXM0^  mu^-aHal,  Suspended,  hung  up, 
penduloua,  hanging,  dangling. 

CjUlft^  mu^allakdt  (pi.  of  jdx^),  and 

particularly  applied  to  denote  the  celebrated 
Arabio  poema  nungup  in  the  temple  of  Mecca. 

<»jLaw  mu^aUiMf  A  schoolmaster,  pre- 
ceptor, professor.   Ajca\\^  J^^  The 

teacher  and  the  acholar.     Muf^^m,  part 

paas.  Taught,  inatructed,  trained,  diacipUned 
(aa  a  man,  horw,  dog,  hawk,  etc.). 

<t.j  m^n^    nm^Uimiyat,     Masterliness, 

mastership.  <U^»Ll^  c-^.^^-Lp  $ah%b 
mu^Mmiffahj  One  who>  though  deficient  in 


t:;*^ 


(888) 


knowledge,  affects  to  show  that  he  himself  is 
a  masterpiece.  [publisher. 

f^pL^  mu^lmf  part.  A  revealer,  dlTulger^ 

uJ^U^  ma^lnf  (fern.  ij^Lt^),  Fed  or 
fattened  with  fodder. 

JjLc^  ma^lul,  Appeased,  soothed.  Dis- 
tempered, indisposed,  infirm.  Caused,  prodnced. 

^jLi^  tnaJ^Hm,  Known,  distinguished, 

celebrated,  famous,  remarkable,  notorious,  sig- 
nalized, clear,  eyident,  certain,  obyious,  ap- 
parent. 

^U^^Lt^  ma^Umiyah,  General  notions, 
generalknowledge.  Theoretical  notions. 

mu\QllxfM   \indaho  fiM\JlA/miyah  min  ghayr 

tamaliyak,  My  teacher  possesses  some  general 
and  theoretical  notions ;  out  he  does  not  possess 
the  art  of  putting  them  into  practice. 

Ci^UtjlA^  ma^Hmat  (pi.  fern,  of  ^^Jt^), 

Things  known,8ciences.  C^L«jLiXf  /%l|)tl 

The  ten  known  days,  ».«.  Ten  days  in  the 
last  month  of  the  Mahometan  year,  called 

^Ls^i  •J,  when  the  pilgrims  visit 
Mecca. 

^^Jj^  mu^aUif  part.  Elevating,  exalting. 

Mu^alla\  part.  pass,  (in  regimine  )U^), 
Elevated,  exalted,  sublime,  eminent. 

Juxy  mi^dr,  An  architect,  an  overseer 
of  buildings.    A  master-builder. 

J^AJL^  mu^mmid,  part.  act.  Baptizing; 
a  baptizer.    Muj^mmadf  part.  pass.  Baptized. 

J./IA/*  mactnaly  Manufactory. 

f»A,x^  fnu^ammam,A,domed  with  a  diadem, 

tiara,  or  turban. 
^.^y^jut  tna^udiat,  Baptism. 

jy^^^  fna^mr,   Cultivated,   inhabited, 

peopled,  jy*^^^  j*^*  Uninhabitable, 
desert. 

i^yAx^ma^mul,  Made,  prepared;  dressed. 

^.  ^y^*^  ma^mnl'bihf  Upon  or  accord- 
inff  to  which  neopleact.  In  force,  obsenred, 
taken  as  a  guioance  to  act  accordingly. 

^^j^^*^  (and  in  regimine  Ua^  ma^tnd), 

"An  enigma,  an  oracle,  a  verse  or  saying  of  an 
occult  mysterious  meaning. 

^J*yt   tna^n,   The  name  of  the  family 

whose  princes  ruled  over  Mount  Lebanon  be- 
fore those  of  Shahab.— See  Journal  Atiatigm 


^ 


de  Pttrii,  Tol  iii.,  1864,  page  266:  "Cm 
pendium  of  the  history  of  the  EmeeiB  ICss 
who  ruled  over  Mount  Lebanon  1119  to  161 
▲.D."    By.  J.  Catafago. 

mu^ambar,  Perfumed  with  ambe 

1^^"*^  fna^nmol  (fern.  Ii^jl^),  Signii 
cant  Spiritual,  virtual,  impUed.  Logical  Tn 

real,   intrinsic,   eesentiaL      c^Iju 

£ljiJL^\,    The    speculative    science 

i^^jL^\  JliilV  al^diam  ail  ma^u 

The  world  of  vinons.    A  dream. 

iV^b«  ma^fui',   Sense,  meaning,  sign 

"fication,  reality.     The  literal   sense,  mes 
ing    (of    a   woid   or  phrase),    import 
virtual  sense,  an  implied  sense,  a  real  sen; 

A  state  of  things.  m«  ma^MAM,  ftd 

In  reality,  yirtoally.      In  sense,  logicail 

(jytl  ^J-J^t  A  literal  meaning.   ^ 

^l^\,  A  techniod  meaning.  % 

_:j(^j  lafian  wa  ma^\  In  word  an 
meaning. 

ma^namyaif  Spirituality. 

mM^fM|f,  Curved,  crooked,  ben 

hooked,  distorted. 

J^^  ma^ly  Castrated.    Overcome,  e^ 

hausted  (patience).    Mi^wolt  A  pointed  ii 
stniment    with    which    they    split  stosi 

dJic  J^«^,  One  whom  you  lament 

iJL^  ma^ahu,  With  him,  together  witi^ 

kX^ft^  ma^had,  A  place  which  one  & 
quents,  in  which  he  does  anything  often. 

JjfL^ma^AiU?,  Agreed,  established,  fixe 

promised,   determined,   appointed*    resolW 
Known,certain,distingnishea,  oonfirined,boai 

J^fc«  1^,  A  known  or  undoubti 

thing.     ^ 

^yu^  ma^  (pi.  U^1)|  An  intestine. 

iLjc^  mi^dr,  The  mark  or  standard 
money,  weight,  or  measure.    A  toiiebstoiie.j 

j^^ijM^  ma^  and  w^gn^,  Vicious,  f 

proached  with  Tioe,  the  place  where  any  i 
IS  oonunitted. 

tna^i/at,  Conjunction,  society; 

existence;  faTOur,  affection,  partiality, 
official  suite  of  a  Amctionaiy. 

mu^d,   One  who   repeats, 
makes  return.    «X.«jusJ1  i^A«4i!V 


lu 


(389) 


mMial  tm^  God,  who  ereatet,  and  who 

Btakatodie. 

iLju9  ma^Ukat,  living,  leading  a  life. 
Mazu  of  firing,  an  allowsnoe,  pennon. 

J^  mocllf  Wanting,  being  indigent, 

^^ju  mu^,  part  An  aaaiBtant.  ^2;:*^^ 
tins^iii,  God  die  defender. 

j-M  M^i^aii  (fern,  iu«^).  Fixed, 

il^taaaed,  apedfied,  destined,  aasigned,  de- 
dffHi,cxprMed,eeftified.  Settled,  appointed, 

stationed.    ..•««^  ^,  Undetermined, 


fli0^ytf3,   Yicious,    defective. 
^«^.  Opprobrions,  diahononred,  stigma- 

^^  na^yfin,  Touched  or  Btmok  on 
li^eje.  Fsidnated. 
jA4  M^yi,  Belonging  to  the  intestines. 

M;Im  nu^hdrib  (pL  of  C;-;/(^),  Wests. 

^A«  myAdra^,  A  den,  cavern,  grotto, 

a  ditch  or  trench.   ^^JLwulJI  |^K  UJli 

mV'  i^  (^*^A  j^jl-**j^  cljUUJI 

o^jliuSI,  And  when  they  saw  the 

tRopa,  thejr  were  frightened,  and  they  ran 
i*iT  from  them,  and  &d  to  those  caTes;  while 
taar  women  and  their  children  stood  at  the 
^Btnuei  of  the  cares. 

>  j  A«  wighSMidt,  Contending,  disputing. 

•1 1, 

^}*^  mu^kduilai,  Soothing,  flattering 

ilidfffed  objeet,  especially  by  amorous  yerses 
«'^)ccdieL  [Camps,  battles. 

Jjlii  maghaa  (pL  of  t^jl^),  Wars. 

ii^^  mghata  (pL  of  JmjU),  The 
Ne  or  Tcfliel  where  Hassnhnan  bodies  are 
'"Wliefare  being  buried. 

J*^  WMghUy  The  cholic. 

S^«^  9^MMat,   Contending  with 
^  octiia  for  Tietory  or  superiority. 

^««  mughdlaiat,  Leading  into  error. 

J***  mnghdmr^  A  warrior,  one  who 
^^  naay  excoxsions  to  lay  waste  and 
^lader  a&  enemy's  country. 

J,'*^  m^KHpr^  part.  Contrary,  repug- 
»Mit,  adverse.     }^\  ylU,  Contrary 

toihepesee.  ^       ^" 


muffhbir,  part.  A  raiser  of  dust. 

t^JU  fnaghhat,  Happy,  prosperous,  for- 
tunate^ emulated,  envied  or  imitated  by  others. 

^j^^JU  magMun,  Deceived,  cheated. 

]o\sjf^  mughtdz.  Inflamed  with  rage. 

i^isM  tnuffhtasHf  Nourished. 

Jjik^  mughtmU,  part.  Spinning  (cotton, 

etc.). 

fiiSJL^  mugManim,  part.  Enriched,  en- 
*  dowed  with  abundance ;  possessing,  enjoying- 

One  who  seizes  or  has  seized ;  one  who  takes 

(an  opportunity). 

c->^  maghrdby   vulg.   maghrib,   The 

west,  either  of  the  heavens  or  of  the  earth. 
The  western  countries ;  Hesperia,  Africa,  Mau- 
ritania, Barbary.     ^-^;^  mugharrah 

(fern.  ^ji^)y  Far  distant.   Mugharib, 
One  who  goes  towards  the  west 
^,J^  fnaghrabl,  Western.    Afirican. 

if^  fnaghrat,  Bed  clay  or  earth. 


iijk^  mighrafaty  A  pump,  or  any  in- 
strument worked  by  the  hand  for  drawing 
water.    A  saucer.    A  ladle. 

^yU  maghramj  See  L*\jS,.     Mughram, 

Desirous,  wishful,  giyen  up  to  Iotc.  Drowned 
in  debt 

^  aJt^  maghrur,  Deceived.  Proud,  arro- 
gant, presumptuous,  haughty.  Over-confident, 
trusting  too  much,  vain,  proud. 

^  ijijL*  tnaghrurigat,  Pride,   over-con- 
fidence, vanity,  self-esteem. 
\j*i^Ji^  maghriU  (fem.  i^^y^),  Ranted. 

^Jl^  mighudy  A  spinning  spindle. 

^y^  maghsu^y  A  field  of  battle,  war, 
an  expedition,  especially  against  infidels. 

JmJL^  fnaghsaly  A  bathing-place  or  vessel, 
especially  for  dead  bodies. 

J^mji^  maghiOly  Washed,  cleaned. 

^yLk^maghshiUhy  Adulterated,alloyed, 
false.    Deceitful. 

mughsM  (fem.  <UmJL«),  Covered, 


disguised.      ^Ae.  JJIm  maghshlgun 


^dlaghy  Fainting.  AjIjj  ^y^j  \y  *^  fi 


r" 


(390) 


U« 


f^jif  They  then  drew  near  to  him, 

unbound  him,  and  kissed  his  hands  and  bia 
feet,  whereupon  he  opened  bis  eyea,  and,  re- 
cognizing the  Weseer  of  hia  fiUher,  fi^  down 
in  a  swoon  through  the  excess  of  his  joy. 

K^>^k^  maghddb^  Being  inflamed,  en- 
raged, angry.  Mughdiby  part  act.  ProToking 
to  anger,  imtating. 

imfjyoM  fnughd^f  Irritated.     ^-^  *jirT^-f 

^Jlc,  Odious.  One  witii  whom  yon  are 
anpry.  One  against  whom  anger  is  felt ;  the 
object  of  ai^ffer.  One  who  is  in  a  state  of  dis- 
grace with  God; 

ijiJui  moffhfirat,  Pardoning,  nemitting  of 

sins,  giying  absolution.  God's  pardon  of  aina 
and  admittance  to  a  taste  of  the  joys  of 
Paradise. 

fjiiut  mughaffal,  Destitute  of  genius,  at- 
tention, or  presence  of  mind.  Negligent, 
careless. 

j^^  fnaghfBTy  Pardoned,  (or  Aj^m^)y 
One  whose  sina  are  forgiyen,  the  pious  dafanct. 

JjU  MughaloT  MoffM,  The  Oreat  If ogul, 

Emperor  of  Hindostan.'  The  Moguls,  the 
Tartars,  the  natiTes  of  Turan,  Scythia,  or 
Transoxania ;  also  the  Georgian  Chnstians. 

j1LL«  mighUihy  JL  look,  bar,  bolt,  or  any 
instrument  for  shutting  a  door. 

u^JjL*  nmffhidM,  part.  act.  Often  con- 
quered or  defeated.  Mttghallib^  part.  pass. 
(A  poet)  the  oonoueror  of  his  contempoiaiies, 
and  acknowledgea  by  them  as  scqi^erio]:. 

^daLLf  magldatiiy  An  biror,  oon^isioB  of 
ideas. 

j;]jL«  mughlak,  Shut  (door).     Abetmae, 

abstract,  obscure,  difficult  Obscurely  ex- 
pressed, not  clear. 

im^JLk^  ma^M^i,  Oonquered,  overcome, 
subjected.     c^^aLc^^,  Uneonquered, 

invincible,  j^i^j  WjU^,  Overcome, 

and  subjected.      Lj^ju*  tnsghlAHffat, 

Subjugation,  being  conquered.  The  state  or 
quality  of  one  yanquished. 

JjIjU  magU^k,  Shut,  barred. 

J^Im  moffhlillf  part  pass.  Having  the 
hand  tied  to  the  neck.    Oppressed  with  thirsi 

j^^jf^  mughamtnar^  Inexperienced. 
jy^»^  maghmUr,  Obscure,  mean,  abject. 
MyAM^   maghmUm^   Afflicted. 
f^y^t  A  sorrowful  heart 


^jsJig\iJu9  m%ghn&tU,   The  magnet  or 

loadstone.  [a  mnsiciaii. 

^^jJf^  mughannl  (fern.  ^(:»^A^)y  A'singer. 

imm^^  maghlb^  Absenoe.    The  settiu^ 

(of  the  sun).  [aii 

fM^hU,  part  Auxiliary,  gi\iDg 
mughayyar.  Changed,  altered. 
iijJL*  mt^§hy^m^  Cloudy.     /M:H^  f^^ 

Sj^JoaS  \^\  J^aasV  alf0wm  magi 


yum  fa  yahUtmU  atmahS  tamtup  imtran^  Ii 
IS  very  cloudy,  perhaps  it  will  rain  much. 

^U^  nwfiLM  (pL  of  ^l:^)f  Keys. 

ie^iLt  mmfliokH,  Beginning  (anything 
with  another). 

Il>-lL«  mufsfat,  Falling  upon  anythiiu 
unexpectedly,  rushing  upon   unawares,  id 

snatching,    fjp-lil^  f?^*^'  v^;'  ^\ 

^  L^lfi  *^y^  (^h  I  ahonld  haT< 

preferred  to  haye  taken  him  by  surprise,  an 
spoken  privately  with  him,  in  ovder  to  test  Un 
solidity  of  my  conjeolure  respecting  him. 

lM^  »ki/«M«r  (pi.  of  ij^),  Oraa 

ments;  glories;  illusions  actiona.  Qoali 
ties  or  acts  wluch  entitle  one  to  be  proiKl 

^^\;ii\^  Syi\  >-U^  TlM  «nineii 

amongst  their  peen. 
j^U^  mufsikarat,  Oiiaritfmg,  boasting 

J^li^  mafdr^  (pi.  of  jyu^  mt^r^] 
Crowns  of  the  head,  oats  in  a  street  A  plac 
where  a  voadseparatesinto  many.  iLuJ 

^li«  M$ab^  mmfirikf   The  seve 

outs.  Mufarik,  part  Separated  from  as 
place  or  person. 

iJj\iu*  mu/dratat.  Separation,  alienatiox 
{^^\  ^  f>d^\%  AfJt ,  And  as  to  lb 


saying,  I  haye  become  separated  from  n 
mother,  and  my  family,  and  my  hrotber — i 
form  me  in  what  place  they  are,  and  I  w 
send  to  them  and  bring  them  to  thae. 

Ju>U^  mafdM  (pL  of  iXiJu*),  Evils. 
J^Ak^  mafdM  (pi.  of  J«aL«),  Joint 

etc.     ^^\iA^\  ^^3*  ^  P*^  ui  tl 

joints. 


(391) 


y^ 


'I: 


Ji\L*  mJU,  Ponnd  oat  abmidantlj. 

ia\U  mufibM,  Piapating  aboat  or 
fecBSBg  a  foinif  m  leligiofn,  Uw,  or  idence. 

^li«ff)^ibiA«^  Jesting  (with  another), 
bong  Doxj,  festiTe,  joyous. 

i^Ji«iN/afr0d!0^  Company,  companion- 

^  SeliilmtioiL    To  liaye  bnsmess  with 
ttetefto  MDsnlt  or  explBin  aaything  with 

lum.  Li^\L9  mufdwadatan,  Becipro- 
aUj^ilteiutely. 

^^  mfiak,  A  key.     ^UL«  ls\:^\ 

^y I  ti  Imd^  mifidh  arrdhah,  Con- 
^tstBol  u  the  kej  of  repote. 

^^  muftaMydhf  A  present  whicli  a 

^Qdkfd  radTes  from  his  tenant  when  he 
^ba  die  key  of  the  place  let  unto  hua. 

^  m^Mh,  part.   A  conqueror/  a 

^oftoffBi. 

fii^  «w>tiUir,  part.  Boasting. 

J^  mfitM^  Bedeemed.  Muftadl, 
^owBiBj  oneself.  [(pr^j)- 

i/«/i^  mfkrii,  part  (A  lion)  tearing 
j/if  jw^M,  A  slanderer. 

\^  tmfgUith,  part.  An  inquisitor, 
*  ttCBanj,  examiiMr,  saperinteodent,  cea- 
nr,  sjodky  Tintor. 

(^  m00M,  Bj^oaed  to  infiuny. 
^  iNS/Zolaf ,  Bednced  to  poverty. 

i^  fwfMl,  Twisted.     JsJut  muftal, 

imthnad.    A  twisted  gitdle  or  garland 

wlaweii 

■    « 

*-^  M/{a20^,  An  orbicular  piece  of 
*^  pat  wpon  a  qnndle,  to  giTe  it  a  steady 
^Btioi  viien  ginning. 

er^  m(/SSMi,  Tencipted,  seduced  to  evil, 
^  into  ndition.    Charmed,  bewitched. 

*^f^  mufiutf  Broken,  crumbled. 

If^^tftih,  Open,  occupied,  taken  (as 

>^J.   Opened;  defeated,  conquered.    (A 
®««fflt)  marked  with  the  lOwel/aUih  (^a). 

^^3j^^  ^  ^  U3^  u:JUJ 

^j  v>  \i3U  UJtj  ^^^^^^^ 

^*>  W^  L>J*'»  ^*^  "^  Mid, 
wewalkinthe  lea  with  pur  eyes  open,  and 


we  see  what  is  in  it;  and  we  see  the  sun,  and 
the  moon,  and  the  stars,  and  the  sky*  as  on 
the  £Eice  of  the  earth ;  and  this  horteth  ns  not. 

Jyu^  m^tiU^  Twisted. 

^f^   mafiiin,    Fascinated,    charmed, 
mad  with  loye. 

^Asut  muftlj  Wise.   One  whose  word  or 
^sentence  has  the  authority  of  law.    The  Mofti 
or  head  law  officer  among  the  Turks. 

^Jj^s^  mufhish,  Obscene,  or  shameful 
in  speech.  [exalted. 


tnufakhkhar,    Olorified,    glorious, 

ijS^  mafkharat.  Anything  in  which  a 

man  glories,  or  which  giTSs  hin^  a  pre-eminence 
oyer  others.  [glorious,  illustrious. 

A^r^  mufakhkham^    Magnified,    great, 

X«  mafaTt  An  asylum  wherever  one  flies 
for  refuge.  [deft,  split,  dirided. 

rrj^  ^^f^f/f^^t  Large,  wide,  opened, 
-.^^  mufrik^  Exhilarating,  making  joy- 
ful,     r/^  mufarrihf  Exhilarating. 
l^^Jla!)  ^jSL^y  Bejoicing  the  heart. 

J^  mufirid^  part.  act.  mufrad^  part, 
pass,  jugular,  alone,  solitary,  unique.  Single. 

if J^  mufradai,  Simple.     The  minor 

term  in  logic.     The  singular  number. 

Cyi-^yt  C^\ J^,  Simples  in  medicine. 


Thou  art  without  an  equal  among  numkind, 
the  soTcreiffu  of  beauty,  and  I  have  witnesses 
(to  prove  iQ.  Thine  eyebrow  is  like  a  well- 
written  Noon,  and  thine  eye  like  (the  letter) 
Sad,  the  work  of  the  God ! 

l?^  mufratf  Immense,  excessive. 

^/^   mafrik  or  mafrah  (pi.   Jjli^), 

Combing  or  separating  the  hair.  The  crown 
of  the  head.  A  place  where  a  road  separates 
into  many. 

jj|yi«  mafirHtf  Dispersed,  separated. 

[^^/^    mafiiUh,    Expanded,    spread. 
Furnished. 

\^%J^  mafrUd,   Necessary  to  be   ob« 
serred,  by  diyine  precept,  ordained  by  God. 

C^Ujj^^l,  The  commands  of  God. 


(392) 


\L, 


Mq/rudj  Supposed,  pootiTely  sapposed,  pat  as 
a  supposition ;  essential  and  indispensable, 
obligatory.  [doned,  deserted,  rejected. 

^^  fjA^  mo/Hl^Atfn  ^onAti,  Left,  aban- 
jjiji^  mafrak,  Separated,  diyided. 

C/^jL9  ma/ruk,  Scratched  with  the 
fingers. 

eji^  fnafa%sM^,  Frightened,  timorous. 

<U^  tnafia^at.  Anything  that  causes 
terror.    TerrMed. 

JutXs  mufsidf  part.  Corrupting,  destroj- 
ing,  pemicions.  A  corrupter,  destroyer,  an 
author  of  evil,  a  malefiActor,  a  seditious  man. 

if  Jua^  mafsadai,  An  evil,  anything  per- 
nicious, tending  to  disturb  or  oorropt. 

^j**Ji^  mufasnr,  part.  Explaining,  com- 

mentingupon.  Acommentator.  fjlj***i^, 

Commentators.     Mufauar^  part.  pass.  Ex- 
plained, etc. 

^y*Jut  mafsukh,  Broken,  dissolved. 

^^yJu*  fnafiukhlyat,  A  rupture.  Nul- 
"lity. 

^■^^^  mufiihf  Clear,  manifest. 

Juoi^  mi/sad,  A  lancet,  a  scalpel. 

fj^aii^   mafiH,  A  joint,  juncture,  the 

space  between  the  joints.     Juai.^  mu- 

faualf  Distinct.  Divided,  particularized,  sepa- 
rated ;  separate,  distinct,  clear.  Mufanil, 
Enlarging  upon,  amplifying. 


tnufaddad  (fem.  ^^.aL*),  Plated 
with  silver. 

(J«^iLt  mufaddal,  Ezjcelling  greatly,  emi- 
nent in  virtue  and  beneficence. 

jjlai^  maflUr,  Created;  innate. 

M^  muf^m,  Full,  replete,  redundant. 

J^xi^  ma/^u/,  Made.  Done.  The  pas- 
sive voice;  (or  J^xiJl  *-ji).  The  pas- 
sive participle  (always  to  be  distinsuished  in 
idea  from  the  past  participle),  of  which  there 

are  various  kinds,  ij  J^«i^  fnaf^lUun 

bih^  The  accusative  or  direct  object  of  an 
action;  aUo,  The  instrument  or  object  with 

which  an  act  is  effected.  ^  Jy^ 
maf^ulun-lehf  The  object  for  or  on  account  of 

which  an  act  occurs.  A:x  J>^  ^fM/' 
{^  ulwi'^anh^  The  object  from  or  through  which 
an  act  occurs. 


^Jyu^    tnaf^^ah,    Effect,    efficacjl 

impression,  sensation.     ^  H^/^^  ^^ 

iJtJas.  ^yuu*  hatd  el  mmrham  lek 
mqf^iymh  ^mah.    This    ointment  p<M 

sesses  the  greatest  efficacy.     fj-a>-  i 

j^i\  \jjb  ^^  lyy  l^yiSL^  lad  kaual 
maj^uliyak  katdyah  min  haea  alSmr,  Ik 
order  has  produced  a  powerfdl  effect. 

J^^  mafkud,   Unfortunate,   deprive^ 

frustrated.  Carried  off  or  taken  from  ti 
middle.    Destitute ;  disgraced,  depraved. 

^^&Lt  fnafkus,  Broken  (egg). 
^^xi^  mufakkir,  part.  act.  One  who  thiol 

or  deliberates ;  (or  ^  Xb-«)»  The  thinl 
ing  faculties.  [purdoned,  untH^ 

il^Ci^  mufltak,  Liberated,  mannmittec 

J"^^  mujlih,  Prosperousi  happy. 
^J^>XL^  mufiii,  part.  A  bankrupt     Pool 
-.^lii^  mqfiHj,  Paralytic. 

{^yi^   mufaunvad,    Committed   to  th 
care  of,  recommended,  submitted  for  opinioa. 

I^^fi^  mafhum,  Understood,  oonceivet] 
The  contents,  tenor,  or  sense  of  a  letter. 

^L^^fL«  mafhUmtjfah,   The    ficiilty   < 

understanding.  InteUigibihty,  intdligibleot^i 

miyah  j^atimah^  A  man  who  poswiw  x\ 


greatest  faculty  of  understanding,  ^j^ 

<U^^|L»H  codim  id  fnafkSLmUfdk,  On 

who  is  destitute  of  the  fteulty  of  uiderstan<' 
ing ;  one  who  does  not  understand  aaytkidr. 

mufld^   part.  Useful,   profitable 

salutary. 

^j^^SL^  tnufidf  A  giver.  CL^l^l 
Anythingf  producing  afiluenee. 

j)\a^  nu^bir,  Sepulchres  (pi.  of  i 

JjIL«   mukdhU,    part.    Opposite, 

against,  looking  towards,  meeting,  coafrun 
ing,  controlling,  ooUatinff,  or  oompazing  (oi 
copy  of  a  book,  etc,  with  ano^er). 

ZLU^  mukdhaiat  or  mukdhalah,  Oppos 

tion,  the  opposite  quarter,  comparison,  oontav. 
collation,  rencounter,  exchange,  redprocmti  x 
equality,  retrospection.  Facing  any  one,  mr>.* 
ing  or  opposing;  returning  act  for  ftct^  5 
word  for  word ;  answering  word  for  wot  i 

comparing,  collating.     J^JiiV  ^^ 


ovi 


li« 


(393) 


UU 


c; 


0' 


mnJOekk  m  mislj  Befaming  Hke  for  like, 

tit  lor  tat ;  nong  lepriaalB.    j't^ 

i!Jlt^j^rihwuidbalah,  Algebra  as  a 
esee  wfaidi  vniftei  septnte  qnaatities,  and 

cpposes  them  to  each  other.  aU  ^\  ^ 

aWjj£  J^  ^U.^»  He  then  rose 

frr;a)up!iee  lod  went  to  them,  and  nlated 
t^tiA  the  best  Mlutation.  Theyluutened 
ii  neto  him,  and  met  him  in  the  most  polite 
BiffliKr,  Ttth  all  honoitr  and  respect 

4.1«Mid3U(pL  ofi^jJ^),  Grimes, 

^waimaaoiaj  infunoos  actions. 

^- if  wd&tUf  part  A  soldier,  a  com* 
iatistwhokiQs. 
'd^  midtaiaty    A  battle,  conflict, 

iko^ter.  ltJei&i\j\3^,  A  great  and 
Uocdjhittle.     "  [Qoantities. 

iSi$  mA&ikr  (pi.  of  j1aL«  mikddr), 
/Jd^  tuiddir,  Fates,  destinies.     J|^ 

^  ve  eonthraed  to  do  nntil  destiny  cofi- 
t«nd  M  to  a  beantifhl  idand,  aboondin^  with 
ttcs  beariag  ripe  fruits,  where  flowers  diffused 
^>r  fragraaee,  with  bhds  warbling,  and  pure 
'"B^ ;  hot  there  was  not  in  it  an  inhabitant, 
xv&bbwer of  afire. 

V;l^  midrtl  and  mukdrab,   Near, 

te^iibouiiig.  [prooching,  proximity. 

^J^  mMidraiat,  Drawing  near,  ap- 

^j«^  muidradai,  Lending  at  interest 

?  am;  (eapedall J  to  receiTe  a  certain  pre- 
■aa  on  the  sale  of  merchandize). 

^J^  mkdra^,  Fighting,  battle. 

^u  muidrgn,  Associated,  connected, 
aia^&miliar,  intimate,dome8ticated.  Allied, 

^j^  midfoMtfi,  Conjnnctiop,  connex- 
^  fioupiflioiiahip,  ^miliarity.    Proximity. 

'^^  nuidiOif   Tolerating,    bearing 

»iJb  patience.    *UJLt  *J  ^-flar;^ 


X^UIj  <jV<)^  arUljU,  And  he  related 

to  him  what  he  had  experienced,  and  the  other 
wondered  at  the  seTeri^  of  his  sufferings,  and 
congratulated  him  on  his  safety.  [other. 

£«MiU^  nuttkdtamai,  Diyiding  with  an- 

JuplLe  makdsid  (pL  of  JuaS^,  J^,  and 

jyoA^),  Designs,  enterprises,  machi- 
nations, great  attempts  or  undertakings. 
Thoughts,  desures,  wishes,  wants,  inclinations. 

^lL«  makdit^(ji.  of  ^^aL*),  Sections. 

Fords,  passes,  or  passages  of  rivers. 
ij^\l^   mdkdta^.    Any  place  where 

public  taxes  are  reoeived.  District.  Mvka- 
te^ff^,  Being  disjoined.    Gutting.   Contending 

with  another  whose  sword  is  sharpest. 
J^li*  maka^  (pL  of  Juu^),  Places  in 
the  market  where  people  sit.    Benches,  seats. 

JU^  maJM  and  iJli*,  A  word,  dis- 
course, speech,  saying,  opinion,  sentence,  adage, 

prbyerb.  ji^\i  ^U^  JuJ\  ^^  Ui 
sJ\j  jJ;j  iUi  J  ^  Wis  eP^j  *^ 

wben  the  lion  heard  what  he  said,  he  drew 
back  from  him  and  sat  upon  his  tail,  and 
raised  lus  head  towards  him,  and  began  to 
make  playful  motions  to  him  with  his  tail  and 
fore  paws. 

aIL«  makamy  Station,  place.  A  place 
of  residence,  a  dwelling,  mansion.  State, 
dignity,  condition.  A  musical  tone.  Re- 
siding anywhere.     A  place,  post,  or  office. 

aU^  c^-^fvU,  Baised  to  honour,  dig- 
nified. Skilled  in  musical  sounds.  aIL« 
aU««j,  From  tone  to  tone,  through 
every  mode.  From  place  to  place.  ^\i 
^\L«  k&im  makdm,  Locum  tenens. 
The  vicegerent. 

1^\a^  makamat  (pi.  «J:^L«lL«),  A  meet- 
ing, an  assembly,  a  session.  Malmmat^  Sit- 
tings, conyersations  held  at  those  assemblies. 
Musical  modes,  of  which  there  are  twelve. 

^jiy^^  w'UU^  makdmdt  d  hartrt, 
The  Sessions,  or  Pleasant  Stories  of  Hariri. 

Jl1jIL«  mukdwdlat,  An  agreement,  com- 
pact   Gonyersing,  conferring. 

^jlL«  mukdmm,  part.  An  adyersary, 
One  who  rises  up  against  another. 


(394) 


t^^Ju%  mtiitffmima/^OppooitioniresiBtaiice. 

Xm^U^  muidf/OBatf  Comparing  mentallj 
one  thing  with  another. 

Aidj  lL«  muidffodaif  Proponngtoexcbange. 

That  kind  of  trade  called  barter,  which  oon- 
aiffai  of  exchanging  gooda. 

Km^'mJi^  mukabhah,  Yaiilted»  arched. 

ij^^  nuMariU,   A  sepulchre,   tomb, 
monnment,  a  churchyard,  a  burying-ground. 

iJ;X«  mukbU,  part.  Pioiperoiu,  fortu- 
nate, fiiTouring.     Approaching,  being  near, 

arriying.     (J^a^  tnukahhal,  A  person 
or  place  Idaied. 

^^JUmathud,  Taken,  seized,  oconpied, 

poeaeeaed,  held,  reoeiyed,  preaerred,  restricted, 
contracted,  bound  (in  the  oelly).    A  styptic. 

J^«L«  makhnl,   Agreeable,   acceptable, 

pleasing,  taken  in  good  part    Admitted,  ap- 
proved, aocepted, 

4J^*L«  makbiilfyahf  Agreeableness. 
fnakif  Hatred,  enmity. 
muktdUa,  part*  Beceiving,  ac- 


quiring, boiTOwing  from  another  (light,  fire, 
loienee,  etc.).  [(into  any  bosiness). 

A^U^  mukiahim,  part.  Plunging  rashly 

1jcx«  muktadd  for  ^^Jci^  mukkM, 
Followed,  imitated ;  imitable. 

^«A."  fl^^  mutiadih,  part  Strilung  fire 
from  a  flint,  etc. 


juuji^  muktadir,  part.  Powerful,  potent, 
strong,   *  c^yjJl  (j^\***{  (^Ous&^fyS 


J^  ^^^^\  U^^l^jJI  ^j^\  ^ 


^JS  ^5  v.  I     .;    I  Se  not 


angry  with  me  for  my  former  offences ;  for 
forgiTeness  is  required  of  M  generous,  and 
kind  actions  are  among  the  Best  treasures 
with  which  one  can  enrich  oneself.  How 
beautiful  is  the  saving  of  the  poet:  Haste 
to  do  good  when  thou  art  able ;  for  at  every 
time  and  occasion  thou  hast  not  the  power  to 
do  so! 

^^  jaL«  nuMaii,  An  imitator,  a  follower. 

i^jiJL^  tnuktarih,   part.  Approaching; 

brought  near  (in  order  to  perform  a  promise, 
etc.). 


muktarih,  part  Asking,  soliciting 

with  importonity,  im^operly,  and  unneces- 
sarily. Speaking  or  repeating  verses  extem- 
pNDre.  Dome  anything  never  done  before; 
riding  unbroKe  camels,  etc  [debt. 

i^/JU  muUarid,  Borxowing,  getting  in 

f^lpA^  maktarin^  Associated,  joined.  Fol- 
lowing immediately. 

mMasar,  part  pass.  A  compen- 
dium; a  summary;  abbreviated,  abridged. 
Muktatirt  part  act.  AddSeting  oneself  (to 
anything),  content  with  that  alone,  and  not 
exceeding  or  leaving  it 

Lfl".J,^  muktadd  (in  oonstmetion  for 
^^-a'.S^),  Exacted,  required.  Exigency, 
neoesBity. 

^..fiT.fl^  mukMl  (pi.  CjL^a::^*),  part. 
Exacting,   requiring.      ^Jr^i^  ^^Jlz 

aL*!),  At  pleasure,  at  oiie!s  wish. 

culj.rfca^,  ExigeneieSf  events,  eon- 
junetores,  necessary  consequenoes^ 

^^JaJLt  mukUflt  part  One  who  follows 

"  another* 
JsXii  maktal  (pi,  JjlL«)i  A  place  of 

sUuffhter.  The  place  of  death,  t.#.  Any  part 
of  tne  body,  which,  being  wounded,  causes 
death. 

OoLs  myktali^f  part  Bemoving  from  a 

place,  extracting,  pulling  out  Tom  up, 
drawn  out 

^jci:0A^  mukian%9,  part  Hunting,  Muk- 
tatuu^  Hunted. 

_:ci^  maktanf,  part.  Acquiring,  possess- 
ing. Muktana*  (in  r^imine  U^i^), 
Possessed,  etc. 

JfA^  malmh  Killed,  slain,  slaughtered. 

j\j>L9  miiddr.  Quantity,  space,  number, 
measure. 

(^\«xL«  mukddf{pL  uJjjU^)i  An  oar. 

^jX«  mikdah  {^*xi^  or  ^«vL«),  A 

steel,  flint,  tinder-box. 

jiXLt  mukaddir,  part.  act.  (God)  the  pre- 
destinator.  An  appraiser,  one  who  fixes  a 
price.  Ifukaddar,  part.  pass.  Predestined, 
predetermined,  domed  by  God,  prescribed. 


fatal.  Fate,  destiny.    Ui  iz^jj  JJt* 


JA« 


(393) 


•■ 

^ 


*  s^y » ^^**  I  ^*^^  ^^^  ^  ^^^  "^^^ 
out  of  generosity,  bat  through  the  decree  of 
God  and  his  judgment  on  mankind,  which 
must  be  fulfilled.  I  was  di^ring  a  Ions  time 
iull  of  joy  and  happiness,  and  I  UBod  to  defend 
mjr  asylum  like  a  fierce  lion.  I  was  never 
quiet,  nor  would  I  bestow  a  mastard«8eed,  out 
of  ayarice,  even  were  I  cast  into  the  fire. 
Such  was  my  state  up  to  the  moment  when  I 
was  smitten  by  the  decree  of  the  great  God, 
the  Creator,  the  Maker. 

^  jX«  makdarat,  Power,  ability,  fortune. 
ijj^jj,  Endowed  with  power.   C^ 

\jjb  J«i  ^Iz  SjtiJLt  Idk  makdarah  ^M 
fi\l  httidf  Are  you  able  to  do  this? 

^^^-^  ^j^^  err?  ^'  ^  cjM 

M 

J3\y1  ^  Jy:  J  cu^Ai  ^^aJUII  ^LUl^ 

gjtXiAi\  ^i\  Ae-  Hi,  They  say  to  me, 

Thou  shinest  among  mankind,  bjr  thy  know- 
ledge, like  the  moonlight.  Abstain  from  thus 
adSessing  me,  answered  I,  since  there  is  no 
knowledge  without />r<iifM. 

(j0iJA^  nutkdis,  A  holy  place.    ^/m«xL« 
mt4kaddis,  part.  One  who  sanctifies  or  conse- 

cratea.  Mukaddaa  (fem.  au>AL<), 
Sanctified,  holy,  consecrated,  w::^ 
(jM^LfSI,  Jerosalemp 

JA^  makdasl  or  _«AALt  mukcMui, 
Belonging  to  Jerusalem.  Pilgrim.  The  pilgrim 
of  Mecca  is  called  ^^^  Hajji.      In 

this  way  we  call  a  Christian  ^^J^a^ 

^U^Jy^,  The  pilgrim  Abdalla,  which 

means  Mister  Abdalla,  and  a  Mussulman 
Haiji  Abdalla,  tiie  pilgrim  Abdalla  or  Mister 
Abdalla.  Hajji  and  mukdatl  (pron.  vul.  Muksi) 
being  the  distinction  between  Mussulmen  ana 
Christiana.  In  higher  classes  Mussulmen, 
Jews,  and  Christians  have  the  title  of  Effendy. 

^^X^\  ^Jiaua^  Mustafi^  Effendy    (a 

Mas.).  v^J^l  ^>(  Tiii^nnd  Effmiyf 

JohnEffendy(aChristian).  i^^\  \jjC, 
£gra  Effendy  (an  Israelite}.    It  is  only  lately 


that  the  government  of  H.I.M.  the  Sultan, 
has  granted  the  title  of  Effendy  to  Jews  and 
Christians. 

A(J^  mukaddim,  part.  Placing  before, 

giving  the  preference.  Mukoddanif  part.  pass. 
Antecedent,  prior,  preceding.  The  major  pro- 
position of  a  sylloglism.  lJUI^  A^i^l, 

The  antecedent  and  the  consequent,  the  subject 
and  the  predicate. 

UtXL«  mukaddaman,  Firstly.  Anciently, 
long  before  this. 

C^t«JkL«  mukaddamdt,   The  premises, 
requisites,  preparations,  arrangement 

^^ju9  CL^U  ji^  mtAaddamdtima^ama, 

Data. 


•*    «> 


<UJkL«  mukaddamat,  The  preamhle  (to  a 
speeeh) ;  the  preface  (to  a  book) ;  the  premises 
(in  an  argument] ;  the  major  proposition  of  a 

syUogism.  (j^^f  l^^xLt,  The  ad- 
vanced guard  of  an  army,  also  its  commander. 

ij aL«  makdur,  Fate  ;  fatal,  predestined. 

U'L  j^  j-J  JiS  jH^-^  ^^W 

\jijj ,  How  often  they  hoped  for  what 

was  not  decreed  them ;  but  the^  went  to  the 
craves,  and  hope  did  not  profit  them,  and 
nrom  Iheir  hi^h  and  glorious  state  they  were 
removed  to  tne  narrowness  of  the  sepulchre, 
which  is  the  worst  of  abodes. 

^jJJL«  Makduniyah,  Macedonia. 

uJli^  miki&f  (pi.  uJ^jU^),  An  oar. 

Jut   tnakar,   A  residence,   a  dwelling, 
mansion,  habitation,  station,  seat,  place  of  rest 

or  quiet.    Sjj\Jj  ^jA^  u?^  *Xflsr^L> 

^/^^J  U^J^^    t!^*   Trayel;    thou 

wilt  find  a  friend  in  the  place  of  him  thou 
leavest.  Fatigue  thvself;  for  by  labour  are 
the  sweets  of  Hfe  ootained.  (To  a  man  of 
intelligence  and  education)  there  is  no  glory 
in  a  constant  residence;  therefore  quit  thy 
native  place  and  go  abroad. 

X«  mukirrf  part.  Establishing,  confirm- 
ing, settling  (affairs).    Confessing,  professing. 

ijo\jA^  tnikrdd,  Shears,  scissors;  snufiers. 
rl^   mukarrabf   Approximated,    ad- 


laM 


(896) 


JiU 


mitted,  allowed  to  approach.  Mukarrib,  part, 
act  Offering,  Bacrifidng.    A  cherubim. 

jyL«  muhirrar,  EstabliBhed,  confirmed, 
ratified,  fixed,  ascertained,  undoubted,  certain, 
infallible,  unquestionable.    Mukarrir,  j^ait.  A 

relator,  narrator.      i>^^*^^jy^9   An 
advocate,  oounseller,  batrister,  pleader. 

ijOjA^  fnukrid,  Lending.     A  osurer. 

<U;iU  mihra^t,  A  whip,  a  scourge. 

*^^;A^   makramah,  pron.  tnahramah,  A 
pocket-handkerchief. 

^^jA^  makrnh,  Ulcerated,  wounded. 

u^jj^  fnakmd,  Cut.     Lent 

ijil;^  makrUn,  Conjoined,  festened,  ad- 
hering, bound  together;  connected,  related. 
Near,  neighbouring.  Haying  close  eyebrows. 
(In  Tene)  when  three  consecutiye  consonants 
are  moTable  or  haye  vowels,  and  the  fourth 
^is  quiescent  or  gezmated.  [imity. 

^jjS^  makmnlffot,  Conjunction,  prox- 

ixwui^  muisit,  Just,  equitable,  distribut- 
ing justice. 

jM»*A^  maham,  A  part,  a  portion.  Maluim, 
A  place  of  partition.     Muktim,  part.  act. 

Swearing  (by  Gbd).    JLl^  mukaasm, 

part.  act.  Dividing,  distributing;  dispersing. 
Mukataam,  part.  pass.  Divided. 


j»j  amJ,^  makaUm,  Distributed,  divided. 

fJx  ^yJL§  makaUm  ^alayih,  The  divi- 
sor, divider. 

jM*A^  mtfmA«Aar,Barked,6kinned,peeled. 

jX^J^  mukash^r,  part.  Trembling  with 
horror. 

^jcA^  mikoif  Shears,  scissors. 

iX^aL*  makBod  (pi.  Ju)lL«),  Intent,  end, 

desire,  vrill.    An  intention,  design,  enterprise. 
Any  place  of  destination,  whither  one  tends. 

i^^^oA^tnahud,  What  is  intended,  desired, 
wished  for ;  design.    Proposed,  wished,  etc. 

jy^S^  makaur,  Deficient,  defective,  un- 
equal to,  impotent.  Insufficient.  Abridged, 
diminished,  restricted. 

^yaLt  maksUa,  Cut  with  scissors. 
JaL9  mukaUir,  part.  Distilling.      Drop- 
ping,  trickling.     ^^LLv'U,  Distilled 
water. 

jJa5^  makta^  (pL  ^U^),  A  out,  the 
phice  of  separation.    The  pass  of  a  river.    A 


pause  in  the  Alcoran.  A  eemra  or  paw 
reading  verse. 

^^laL*  maktiJL^   Cut,  amputated,  dj 

sected,  mutilated.  Separated,  intemptei  i 
tercepted.  Abrupt,  definite.  Agreed  ape 
adjusted,  concluded,  arranged.  DdSdeatfC 
ried  off,  removed.  A  bargun,  a  priee  i^ 
upon. 

«XxA^  mak^.  Sitting  down,  resting, 
seat,  chair,  cupet,  cushion.  A  place  of  n 
dence,  a  mansion.  The  hips.  The  name  pA 
nMj  ^ven  to  a  chamber  m  which  male  n^ 
or  visitoTB  are  received,  havine  an  open  m 
with  two  or  more  arches,  andlookiiig  into 
court  or  garden  of  the  house.  Its  floor  i^  e 
vated  about  ten  or  more  feet  above  th«  grou 
and  the  front  is  usually  towards  tiie  north, 

nearly  so.  ^y^\  W\j\  ^y  \^j^  ^ 

'U]l  ^jij9  And  when  they  were  op 

it,  he  showed  her  the  nlaoe  in  whidh  k€  4 
seoi  the  damsels,  ana  he  showed  her  ^e 
ting  place  and  the  pool. 

JjiLt  muk^,  A  lame  man,  one  vbo 

obliged  to  sit,  and  cannot  move. 
jxL*  muka^^f  Concave,  hollow,  jti 

Plano-convex. 
J^ii^  makf&lf  Locked  (a  door,  box,  etc 
J^aL«  |J^  JCmp  Jj^  hid  aanduki  makfi 
Is  my  trunk   (coffer,   box,   chest]  locked 

makful,  Is  the  door  of  my  house  lockt 
J^AA^  ^jst\  \sib  htaud  htrj  mdf 

This  saddle-hag  is  looked.    CJJ;*^ 

^Jlc  J^aa.^  Jy^  iondukah  mak^ 

wa  makfiil  f^alayh.  Tour  trunk  is  locked,  i 
put  in  a  place  which  is  iM^ed. 

^^AA^   mukaffa*,   Bhymed  aooordiog 
**  the  rules  of  prosody.  [A  fryisjr-p 

SiJLt  mikldt,  ^^^U/t  mikU  (pL  J^i^ 
^&L«  mikkL^  A  sling  (for  stones). 

k_*JX«  miklah,  A  spade  or  any  sum 
instrument  with  which  ground  is  di 

mukatttb,  A  converter,  turo 
•lSl\  ^Jjyt,   (God)  the  conver 


oir  hearts. 


liU  mukliU  (dual  ^^jsIla^  muihU 
An   eye,   the   two   eyea   (used  in  poet 


j£« 


(397) 


IC, 


Uf\  oJ  uU.  cuc^^  ^to^i^  Jji^^ 
^<*l/tl«;  ^^1  ^^  ^\  c:^«ij 

^jk^^*  JLII,  I  soothe  my  heart  in 

■T  parioo,  and  eonoeal  it,  but  my  state 
w*^  and  interpreteUi  m  j  lore.  When  my 
tas  flov,  I  ay,  My  eye  is  lore,  lest  the 
fOBsv  dlioold  see  and  imdentand  my  oondi- 
^  I  WIS  free  from  care,  and  knew  not 
^niloTe;  batbaTe  become  enamoured, 
■d  lith  endsTed  heart  I  Bubmit  my  case 
to  foa,  eooplsismg  of  my  passion  and  my 
ttacT,  tbt  ytra  may  mty  me  and  show  mercy. 
IkTeTiittai  it  witn  the  tears  of  my  eye, 
^  po^soee  it  may  explain  to  yon  the 
lert  Tith  which   yon    hare   affected   me. 

V  1^1  She  captivateih  all  creatores 

*i^^  m  and  it  seemeth  as  thoogh  they 
vteWilsTeB. 

^  miallad,  A  person  imitated  or 
•pwitBi  [with  sails. 

'^  mUk^,  part.  pass.  A  ship  rigged 
^  wHw  (or  ^Jl^),  Fried. 

i^maHU,  Tnmed,  inverted,  con- 
'etei  cjf^lLjl^  fkikndmailuh,  The 

»*  giwa  by  Arab  antiiors  to  the  Hiver 
^-ta  ealled  in  Arabic  ^foM,  vhich  is  the 
"«ttai  of  fvM.  ^;  maklub  means  m- 
*^  «  lurmd  to  tm  oppotiU  eomru  w  dU 
WtAjiaaUasion  to  a  branch  or  a  canal  of 
T^  vhidi  in  olden  times  nnited  it  to 
»tobattt.  The  Teasels  of  the  Phceni- 
^flTAndns and  Tartosa,  or  Orthosia,  used 
l^  iato  the  Orontes  from  ito  mouth  at 
■**»»  foDow  its  course  up  to  the  place 
gJJw-iU-shoghcr,  or  to  the  lake  of  An- 
<^vto  another  place,  fit>m  whence,  by  an 
^^eaasl  like  Uiat  which  existed  between 


dition  asserts  that  other  canals  were  made  by 
the  inhabitants  of  Tyre  between  the  Rirer 
Casmiyah  and  the  Orontes,  and  the  Orontes 
and  tne  Euphrates,  by  which  the  Tyrians 
navigated  inland  fiK>m  Tyre  to  the  Eupnrates 


and  the  Persian  Gulf.    If  the  Casmiyah  and 

iree 
Teasels,  they  were  in  another  condition  in  we 


the  Orontes  are  not  now  nayigable 


iiyan  a 
ror  lai 


^OflB-gebtt 


time  of  the  Phoenicians,  whose  works  are  so 
colossal  and  so  gigantic  that  the  natiyes  of 
Syria  cannot  but  ascribe  them  to  the  jan  of 
Solomon,  not  understanding  how  men  could 
perform  such  works.  According  to  the  same 
local  tradition  these  artificial  canals  can  be 
traced  and  identified  CTen  at  the  present  time. 

&  ^ju%  mMUL^  Eradicated,  torn  up,  re- 
moved from  its  place.  ^;lxi«il\  &  JlL« 
maUu^ul  aanan,  Toothless. 

iJlL«  mukh.  Fried.     ^iL* fjJuf  hayd 

mukh,  Fried  eggs.      ^J^  (^^  l<ihm 

muJdl,   Fried    meat.      ^J^  cLJUmi, 

Fried  fish.     ^lL«  JLl^  Fried  liver. 

^JlL*  ^^-<^,  Fried  chicken. 

iJLj\Jia:^  muiantardt,  Circles  parallel 
with  the  horizon. 

fj^A^  mukannin,  part.  An  institntor. 
^^L*»-]l1j  J*aJ1  c;?^^y  ^j^^f  Author 

of  the  institutions  of  justice  and  clemency. 

J^  miktcad  (pi.  JjU^),  Eeins,  a  bridle, 
halter. 

Jy^  tnakul,  part.  pass.  Said,  above- 
mentioned.  What  is  said.  A  word,  anything 
spoken  before. 

i^^L*  mukawwi,  part.  act.  Corroborating, 

strengtiiening,  fortiijing.  Confirming,  com- 
forting. Whateyer  gives  comfort.  Mukawwa\ 
part.  pass.  Strengthened,  etc. 

jl^^A/t  rndk-hur,  Conquered,  subdued, 
oppressed,  Texed,  distressed. 

(jywLi^  mihyOSy  A  measuring  mstra- 
ment,  the  Nilometer  of  Egypt. 

Jui^  mukayyad,  Bound,  fixed,  attentive, 
solicited,  dedicated  to,  diligent 

A^  muklm,  part.  An  inhabitant.  Dwell- 
ing, resident,  inhabiting.  Fixed,  assiduous, 
constant,  perseTering.  [emetic. 

j^^-i^  mukapi,  Vomitive  (medicine),  an 

i^\L>9  inu^d^oia^,  Becoming  callous  with 

regard  to  any  evil,  and  enduring  it  with  all  its 
inconyemenoes. 


(398) 


/• 


j\C^maiatih  (j^LofLm^^cii^),  Schools. 
Lj\L^mukdtahat,  Correspondingbyletter. 
c^^lC«  mukdHb,  Letten,  writings. 

jlL«  makkdr,  A  cheats  a  knave,  an  im- 
postor, 8  deceiver,  a  worthless  fellow,  a  male- 
factor. 

i«;lC«  makclrimf  Laudable  or  generous 

actions.  Noble,  honourable  men.  Graces, 
favonrs,  benefits. 

i^J^  fnukdrif  A  mule  hirer. 

c».'^<K»ld  mi^sib  (pi.  of  u,^»»(>^),  Gains, 
aoqniations. 

^^IC«  mukdshar<U,  Laughing  or  grin- 
ning (at  one)  with  shut  teeth. 

if\j\C«  mukdfdt,  A  recompense,  retribu- 
tion.   A  compensation. 

uXf^lC^  makdkik  (pL  of  («!jyl^  makkuX), 

^IC«  mukdlamat,  Conversation,  dia- 
logue.   Conference,   Kegociation. 

^IL«  mak&n,  A  place,  station,  dweUing, 

habitation.  ^vLii\\«XJb^lls»  tkc^^ljll 

la  takhos  ahayyan  min  hatai  makat^  Do  not 
take  anything  from  this  place. 

Jold  mukdyid  (pi.  ijuC«  or  «>«^)» 
Frauds,  snares.  ^KlU  *:*  jU.  l^il  ^' 

43jlC«J\  ^^,  Then  she  beguiled  him 

with  words,  and  with  soft  discourse ;  and  he 
knew  not  what  artifices  she  had  devised 
against  him. 

11^  Makkat  or  Makkoh^  A  place  of  great 

concourse ;  the  city  of  Mecca,  in  Arabia,  where 
Muhammad  was  bom. 

L,. 'tSj^  maktab,  A  school,  ^^y  J^ 
A^jJj  ^  (w.^%(><  hH  mawfud  maktah 

ft  baladkumf  Is  there  any  school  in  your 
country? 

^^rujL*  mtiktatam,  Hid,  occult,  dissembled. 

Jb^ciC*    muktahil,    Having   the    eyes 

anointed  or  tinged  with  coUyrium,  to  give 
them  a  lustre. 


muktasih,    part.    Acquiring, 
gaining,  studious,  giving  attention  tOi 

^Jc^  muktafi,  part.  Content,  having 
enough.  [self,  absconding. 

^J*^s^  muktamin,  part.  Concealing  one- 


muiianl,  Snmamed,  called  by 
surname. 
^yL^  maktuh,  Written.     A  letter, 

'writing.      vlS^j^Lt  ui-^^rj;^  Jj5  \ 
khatamt  maitubak^  Have  you  seslsd  yi^ 

letter?     cj^yiU  ^AJ^  C^  J 

d^y  min  fadlak  a^inl  makuh  id 
siyah.  Please  give  me  a  letter  of  introdnm 

J  ^\  Li5l\5  (^ji^^j^^.  iP^ 


it'  happened,  in  aooordaaoe  with  ocmfini 
destiny  and  determined  fate,  Uiat  the  Qu 
was  in  love  with  the  Prince  Alaasad ;  tnd  i 
wrote  him  a  leitor,  endeavouring  to  ooodli 
his  affection. 

/^yiL/t  maktHm,  Hid,  concealed. 
cLX*  make,  Staying,  making  a  sti 

ay&man  hUilak^  Abide  witli  me  a  few  dsti, 

(J^r^   mikhal,    The   instnimeDt  wi 
which  they  i^ply  the  coUyrium  to  the  C| 

JbST^  mukahhH,  Painting  or  anointi 
the  eye,  especially  with  UadL  lead  cs  a  pn] 

ration  of  the  powder  of  tutty.   J^ 

^»^\  An  eye  so  anointed.  Ilc^ 
A  box  in  which  they  keep  this  ooUyrhm- 

jj^  mukaddar,  part.  pass.  Distorbc 
a£9icted,  vexed,  anxious. 

CutjSLe  mukaddardt  (pL  fern.),  D 
turbances,  afflictions,  diatressAil  events. 

i^Si't  tnukanih,  part  Disoovenxig 
falsehood,  accusing  of  lying. 

iU  makr,  Fraud,  treachery,  machinatic 
imposture.    Malice,  malignity,    x 

^  ^  U^  ijj^\  ^  o>i 

_J  tf^.4^  Uj  u-Cl  wi  *^  ^  (^ 

^Li!1^  jji!f  ^,  Thou  hast  proloog 

a  conTersation  that  will  not  procure  thy  lii 
ration.  Hope  not,  therefore,  for  thine  Ws 
through  my  means;  bat  (remember^  ku 
upon  thy  former  wicked  condact,  and  the  ^ 


^jS^ 


(399) 


iix  aid  irtifiM  wkieli  tiMa  thonghtett  to 
empby  igimst  mo.    l^HiS  ^>t»rf  Uli 

J>jll,  And  when  he  heard  hie  words, 

Un^iohiflfkoe;  bat  be  meditated  upon 
c^^iB;8onle  trtifiee  agahist  Mm,  and  said, 
InattDfe  to  effect  the  destnietion  of  this 
■n.  [in  body. 

yj^^  mdardat,  Shrank,  contracted 

j]U  mimrm^  Bepeated.  Bone  re- 
ftitedlf.    Higfalj  rectified,  bigblj  porifled. 

]jj<4  mukarraran,  Eepeatedly. 

^  ndroM,  Honoured.  Treated  with 
^  npet  and  conffidezBtion.  JTviriM, 
&i  eovteovi,  aflable. 

^  mdrtmai  (pL  /%;l^)i  Honour, 

Shfy,  ^igiiljr,  nobnitj,  liberalitj,  ganeroaLtr, 
mocf  ,  gnoe,  goodneaa,  boon^ ;  any  noble 
■  pBaov  act  or  qnality. 

V^  sMlra^,   Sorrowful,   sad,  dia- 

f^  mMI  (fern.  hi^}^\  Hated, 
I  vfipo,  delntable,  abominable,  execrable. 
.  c;U|^  (pL),  Abominations,  shame- 

;  ttiduiii,  dirfy  tfaioga. 

V*^  mba&  and  iLyX«,  Gain. 

j^  muUiior,  Broken.    The  imperfect 

-lUiiAiabie. 

^Miii  and  ^^^X*,  Clothed, 
^'s')^  sMfafii,  Acquired,  gained. 

'^e^  Mter,  Broken,  cut.  A  bone 
.  ftmdYith  little  flesh.   A  consonant  marked 

.  Til,  iiU^^^  \jy  jl^  Ijr*^  ^ 

*l  ' 

rH^t  His  name  was  Timur,  with 

y^gagKagali,  and  two  paints  aboye ;  and 
jf.l—^Pt,  with  two  points  below ;  and  Waw 
nM,  between  Mim  bearing  Dammah,  and 
■*nW«iy  points. 

jT*;^-.*^  maiiHrul  khdtir,  Broken- 


i:S\maj\jj 


^  • 


■ 


And  we  fear 


to  demand  her  in  marriage  of  her  father,  for 
he  would  reject  as  as  he  has  rejected  others ; 
and  we  are  animated  with  feelings  of  honour, 
so  we  should  retam  broken-hearted. 

uJ^ihC^  ffMibAA/,  Detected,  revealed, 
unveiled,  discovered ;  open.  uJ^mX« 
i.^^Jjil1,  Of  an  open  heart,  sincere. 

^ji^i^  mukallaSf  part.  pass.  Calcined; 

ooTered  with  lime.  Ifukallii,  part.  act.  A 
lime  burner,  a  maker  of  mortar. 

^— ftlC^  mukaUaf,  Excellent,  choice,  dis* 
tingiiished,  well-made,  elaborate,  elegant. 

JSS^  mukaUdlj  Crowned. 

jX«    mihmal^    A    consummate    man 

(either  in  excellence  or  villany).  ^^aL^ 

muhamfMi  {fern,  SIaL^),  Perfect,  com- 
plete, most  excellent. 

^y^  majbiftw,  Hid,  concealed. 

yiJS«^    mukatmiaf    One    who   sweeps. 

^yi/>.\C^  miknatai,  A  broom. 

jyX/s  nutknUMf  Hid,  laid  up  in  a  treasury. 

(jM^S^  mtdknUa  (fern.  L»yL^)f  Swept 
(as  a  house). 

^yiLe  tnaknUn,  Hid,  concealed. 

i\^  mthffdtf  A  hot  instrument  with 

which  thejr  cauterise  or  mark  the  skin.  A 
smoothing  iron.  [shuttle. 

clJ^C«  ifuii^£(pl.  uX^lC«),  A  weaver's 
^;Lf  Mahtah,  Mecca.     See  £iL«. 

JLCf  mihjfdl,  A  measuring  instrument 
or  Ycssel,   either  for  dry  goods  or  liquids. 

*j\JiaSi\  m*  A  *>-,  Upon  this,  there- 
fore, I  causea  the  wealth  to  be  brought,  and 
meted  it  with  a  measure,  and  sent  it  by  trusty 
men,  who  went  about  with  it  through  all  the 
dirtricte  (of  the  earth).  [deceit. 

5JuC«  makjfodah,  A  wile,  a  piece    of 

uJ^Cs  mukaffffof,  Endowed  with  quali- 
ties, or  with  a  quality. 

<— flJL^  Mukayjftf,  Intoxicated  (a  little). 

^^^J^^  makln.  Inhabiting,  dwelling. 
Firmly  fixed,  well  estebliahed. 

JjJL«  mdkyiil,  Measured. 

L«  maidf  Pilling.      An  assembly  (of 


u 


(400) 


L. 


people).    A  plenum,  space  filled  or  occupied 

by  matter.  )Uj  )Ll  thald  ita  tnald, 
Yacanni  and  plenum,  Toid  space  and  occupied 

space.     (jmQI  ]U  ^Jlc  ^(M  maid  en- 

not,  Before  the  people,  in  the  sight  of  all. 

lU  mold  (dual  ^j^^).  Time  either  of 
day  or  night 
^)U  nud-dnu  (fern.  &Li  maldnat).  Fall. 

fjjyjSU  mo^a^M  (pi.  of  ^^^pAMiLf ),  GFarments. 

Ja::^.Jj\j\  <^j  *^  ^  ^  Uli 

(^l^Jl^^li  «xs!l  ,^vL*  ^jS^  And 

when  he  had  finished  the  recitation  of  his 
Terses,  he  desired  to  take  up  his  hurden  and 
to  depart;  but  lo,  there  came  forth  to  him, 
from  that  door,  a  young  page,  handsome  in 
countenance,  comely  in  stature,  and  magnifi- 
cent in  apparel. 

-.)L«  maHdhj  A  seaman,  sailor,  mariner^ 
-.)L«  mUdh  (pi.  of  ,^^iL«  malih),  Comely, 
good,  beautiful,  excellent*  l|l  Viiii^JUi 
tsJUi  j^^  ^  ^JU  Jfl\  jxuj\j 


replied,    0   my  daughter,  all  of  them  are 

lely;  who  the 
joined  she,  until  I  point  him  out  to  thee. 


oomdy ;  who  then  among  them  P    Wait,  re- 


ic>>L«  fnaldhat,  Being  good,  agreeable, 
elegant.    Beauty,  elegance,  goodness. 

iftX>-Lt  mtddhadat,  Behaving  hypocriti- 
cally, or  indirectly  (with  any  penon).    Mida- 

hidai{yl.  SoJLt),  Hypocrites,  heretics, 
iniquitous  men. 

XIo^-Lt  muldha%at  or  tnuIdhaMh,  Con- 
templation, speculation,  observation,  considera- 
tion. 

A»-Ls  muldham,  Added,  annexed. 

jLt  maldtf  An  asylum,  refiige,  protec- 
tion.   A  protector. 

Ajh9  muld%m,  part.  Assiduous,  diligent, 

attentiye,  attached  to,  perseyering,  inseparable, 
adhering  firmly.  A  constant  attendant  or 
follower.  A  supernumerary  attached  to  an 
office  without  pay.  A  lieutenant  (in  the  army). 
A  mate  (in  the  navy). 

a^Lt  muldzamatf  Assiduity,  diligence. 


jp^tflU  muldiikl  part.   Contigaous,  ai 
joining,  neighbouring. 

uJi^SU  mtddiif,  part  Courteous,  poHt 
dril,  affable,  humane.     Pleasant,  ftcetioi 

Za^SU  muldtafat,  Courtesy,  politene^ 

graciousness,  fayour,  benignity.  ^. 

i&  1UI|^  (*^^  f  ^^^  praise  be  to  & 

for  thy  safety !  Then  he  treated  me  v: 
beneficence  and  honour,  caused  me  to  dc 
near  to  him,  and  began  to  cheer  me  with  « 

versation  and  courtesy.    ^  JjI  J  t 


And  I  acquainted  them'not  with  my  ca«.  Q 
returned  any  answers  to  their  que»ov;  a 
they  wept  lor  me,  and  were  vay  sorwwfti 
ana  an  old  woman  entered  my  room,  asd 
soon  as  she  saw  me  she  diaooTered  dt  stat 
therefore  she  seated  herself  at  my  faeiid,  i 
addressing  me  in  a  kind  manner,  nid  . .  • 

Zt^ht  mtddtamat,  Boxing  one  anothi 

L^^L*  nuUd^ib  (pi.  of  L^.*^),  ^^ 
pleasantries.  [^ 

^]U  muld^ak,  Playing,  amunog  oo 
^^5U  fnald^ln  (pi.  of  ^^y^Lt),  Cuiw 
fIjL*  muldidt,  A  meeting,  convemtij 

who  met  me  after  his  remoTal  tommt\ 
pleasing  to  me. 

_5)U  muldhl,  Encountering  with,  ja 

**  ing,  meeting,  oonyening  with,  oocorring. 

CJU  maldk,  (pi.  ^U),  An  aiigel. 

J)U  fnaldl  or  ^lU,  Sadness,  grief,  Tts 

tion,  affliction,  anguish,  languor. 
i%lL«   maldmf  Beproach,   reprebensi 

accusation,  disgrace,    ^j^  ^-L' 


^^*r^i/^^^^ 


^  (401) 

♦jJUcXJg  U^  «  ul^,  Art  thoa  of 

t  nsk  to  ittain  to  this  higli  eminenoe,  or 
ndier  htt  thj  reasoa  decreased  to  thia  extreme 
^£^  dist  Uion  eonfrontest  me  with  these 
T«rii?  Art  tfaoa  dreaming  P  and  how  dost 
^  dnuB  mdi  dreams  P  Inform  me  then 
ibt  \m  hippened  to  thee,  and  I  will  not 

^-^m^oflMM^  Handling,  feeling. 
^ai25iP0»M^,  Blaming  one  another. 
c^a«^FnlL 

^  naldki  (pL  of  ^j^  mtdM), 

tmai  iortrBOMnis ;  aoT  kind  of  lodicroas 
V  T3Bt(n  pistunes  prohioited  by  law ;  amiue- 

BaU&rbiddenbj  divine  law.  sji  -a^)  J 
f!^"Jjv:i>^Jji^U^^,  There- 

■  yfee  feiude  dares  and  concabines  played 
.^  mn  \a  with  all  kinds  of  mnsical  instm- 

M,  Qd  tportB,  and   o&er  performanoes. 
\  ^  ^t  BO  that  erenr  one  who  was  present 

■  £  ^^^  *^^  delight,  whilst  the  damsel 
•mhI  It  Uitm  and  was  silent,  neither  lairing 

tfl««<rfayiaiidiaiU  (pi.  of  il/lU), 


aI-A^^   multasim^    Kissing.      Mtdtasamf 


Kissed. 


f^^mddfm,  Mild,  gentle,  affable, 

,Hf,  til&ft.   mkiniaaivA    il/wvila     nlojviil     VtAniflm 


*^--U  malkiisdt  (pi.),  Garments, 

^  I  voM,  and  collected  what  I  had  of 
^^  ttd  apparel,  and  sold  them,  after 
P I  wld  my  real  property  and  all  that  my 

*T^  »»aiki,  Disturbed,  confused,  in- 
^•"•t,  eoibimled. 

r  ««irt  (pi.  JU),  Religion,  faith. 
^'"^pw^.  [(language). 

**«M»t,  Obscure,   ambiguous 


_s:\L«  multqflf   Flying   to  or  taking 
lefoge  with  one.    A  supplicant,  petitioner. 

j^^LUIl  fl^,  The  right  of  asylum 

with  Bedouins.  If  a  stranger,  nay  even  an 
enemj,  touches  the  tent  of  a  fiedouin,  from 
that  instant  his  person  becomes  inTiolable. 


tntdtahif,  part.   Covered    or 
covering  oneself  with  an  upper  garment. 

j;2^lL«  multahik,  part.  Added,  numbered 
amongst.  [(a  youth). 

^£clL«  multahl,  part  Getting  a  beard 

jjjd^  mtdtatdij  part.  Adhering,  ooalesc- 
ing,  joined. 

dtjjL^midtatm,  Constrained,  compelled; 

convicted ;  conjunct,  necessarily  following,  at- 
tached to.  A  tenant,  a  hirer,  a  farmer;  a 
toll-gatherer. 

fj0acL9  mtUtasit,  Conjoined,  adhering. 

JarJue  mtdtatim,  part.  Waves  dashing 
against  one  another.  [in  his  garments. 

u,CiL<  multiff,  part.  Wrapping  himself 

(j:,JcL9  muUaJUf  One  who  turns  his 
face  or  attention  towards  an  object. 

^^^\  \SsL^  muUakd  annahrayln,  The 
confluence  of  two  rivers.  [mouthful. 

JtLt   maltakim,   part.    Swallowing    a 

^^MAsLt  mulUwiis,  part.  Begging,  pray« 

ine,  supplicating.  Multamas,  part  pass. 
Asked,  importuned.  [glancing,  brilliant. 

w«aLemt</^amt^,part.  Splendid,  shining, 

^jiL«  multawam,  Blamed,  reprehended. 

i^yJ^  multawl  (fem.  ^yd^).  Crooked, 
oblique,  distorted,  squinting,  perverse. 

i^^f\>^  mtdtahah,   Inflamed,  burning, 

ardent. 

'Lkt*  malfa'a,  An  asylnm,a  place  of  refuge, 
a  retreat.    A  security,  support.    Jlt^ 

*  u-Cl-f.  Sas^\  ^  ^^^>  ^ay  God 

prolong  thy  life,  and  grant  thee  eternal  per- 
manence ;  and  mayest  thou  not  ceuse  to  sub- 
due those  who  oppose  thee,  and  to  be  thf 

26 


i.JL« 


(402) 


Cil« 


refbge  of  those  who  hate  recourse  to  thee,  and 
the  advocate  of  those  who  put  their  confidence 
in  thee. 

^  milh,  Salt.  ^^JfsS^  ^ub%  wa  milh, 


Bread  and  salt  Has  the  Bedouin  consented 
to  eat  bread  and  salt  with  his  gaest,  nothing 
in  the  world  can  induce  him  to  be^ay  him. 
The  power  of  the  Sultan  himself  would  not 
be  able  to  force  a  refugee  from  the  protection 
of  a  tribe,  but  by  its  total  extermination. 
The  Bedouin,  so  rapacious  without  his  camp, 
has  no  sooner  set  his  foot  within  it,  than  he 
becomes  liberal  and  generous.  What  little  he 
possesses  he  is  erer  ready  to  diride.  He  has 
even  the  delicacy  not  to  wait  till  it  is  asked. 
When  he  takes  nis  repast  he  affects  to  seat 
himself  at  the  door  of  his  tent,  in  order  to 
invite  the  passengers.  His  fl;enerosity  is  so 
sincere  that  he  does  not  look  upon  it  as  a 
merit,  but  merely  ss  a  duty,  and  be  therefore 
readily  takes  the  same  liberty  with  others. 

*Xsr^  mMid,  part.  A  heretic,  pagan, 

unbeliever  one  especially  who  denies  the 
resurrection  of  the  dead,   impious,  iniquitous. 

^jJ^  mulhaf  and  ikJ^  (pi.  f^iD-lU), 
The  outward  covering  of  the  body. 

(J^^  mtdhak,  Added,  joined,  annexed. 
attributed,  coherent,  adhering,  touching,  be- 
longing to.    Adopted. 

^1.^^  mtdahham,  Fleshy,  corpulent. 

^Usr^  malhamat,  A  bloody  battle. 

]ffjJ^  mulhiln  (pi.  fern.  Cjlb^J-*), 
Looked  at  kindly,  observed  with  love,  regard, 

or  respect.  (JLj\]ffy.sr^  mdlhiitdt, 
Thoughts,  meditations,  agitations  of  mind. 

^jAsr^  mtdakhkhoi,  Succinctly  related, 
extracted,  abridged. 

^%\]^mahuk,  Clammy,  sticky,  cohesive. 

i^alLt  mahutn,  Inseparable,  necessarily 
connected,  affixed,  belonging  to. 

^«fl\^  muUak  (or  ^jy^^  fem.  ^LLdL«), 

Conjoined,  heaped  together,  united,  confede- 
rated, glued,  fastened,  fixed. 

e^-^oiLf  fiud^ahf  A  play,  pastime,  show ; 

a  theatre  or  place  where  any  similar  exhibi- 
tion is  performed.  [quality. 

4juiL«  mal^afMt,  Any  damnable  act  or 

^JycLt  mal^ilh  (pi.  L,.>.i;r)l,^  nuUd^ib), 
A  stratagem,  trick. 

U^ffLt  ma/^un.  Cursed,  execrated,  detest- 
able, excommunicated.  [tioned. 

!i?jiLt   tnalfOM,  Uttered,  spoken,   men- 


t»fjflU  malfyf,  Wrapt  up,  involved. 
Folded  up.  jjJ\  A^  ^-^j  ^|;  ^ 

Cy-^^jJb  (J**^j  '^  9  And  when  he  saw 

her,  he  found  her  to  resemble  the  full  moon. 
She  was  wrapped  in  a  veil  of  silk,  embroidered 
witiigold. 

LUL*  mUkdt;  Tweezers. 

u,-^fil^  mulakkab,  Sumamed.    Entitled. 

]ff^sL%  malktit,  Collected.     A  foundling. 

(1^  malak  (for  C/'L.,  pi.  uiolU  and 
^1L«),  An  angel. 

Cl^ma/a(pl.Ci^),Aking,  l1<U]\ 
^Xl  almalika'l  a^\  ^^^\  C£^\ 
dmalihCl  kudiU,  and  (^XSU  CXJL« 

dCl   .4  \\   malik  mdlikul  mtdkf  Qod 

Almiffhty,  the  most  high  and  mighty  King, 
the  glorious  King,  the  benevolent  Sovereign, 
the  sacred  Lord,  the  King  of  the  kings  of 
kingdoms,  or  the  Lord  of  lords. 

jitJi\  c1j3l«  mdUhd  oifar,  The  yellow 
kinr.  According  to  Mussulmen  traditions  this 
is  the  name  of  a  great  kinf  who  will  appear 
at  the  end  of  the  world  and  establish  an  im- 
mense new  empire.     ^L^  ^\^  til53uJf 

^LuM>-  (jmIj  ahnalik  kdn  ^M  r&ijeuhohy 
The  king  was  at  the  head  of  his  army. 

ilS^  milk  (or  ^CLwu«),  A  kingdom, 
dominion,  possession.   <1:i.jA4.!\  ^^^^ 

iiL^\j»%\  (J-Clc  JuMbLi  f^\j^  1;^^ 
(JLijj  ^  «.1<U11  ^>r*C^>  And  the 

city,  too,  would  be  without  a  king,  its  people 
•having  no  one  to  govern  tbem,  and  to  see  to 
their  cases ;  so  the  state  of  the  empire  would 
become  adverse  unto  thee,  and  the  kingdoni 
would  depart  from  thy  hand. 

lIA.^  tnulkf  Possession  in  lands,  patri- 
mony, heritage,  property,  power.  A  country. 
Dominion. 

iiL^  malihat  or  mdikah,  A  queen.  JUi 


he  said,  On  my  word,  0  my  sister,  none  is 


\S^ 


(403) 


U« 


EoitaUe  to  ffay  kmi  ezoeptbig  the  Qneen 
Jobmh,  tbe  dnighter  of  tbe  King  So-and-so ; 
aad  ibe  ii  like  him  m  beauty,  loTelinesB, 
el^saee,  and  pexfectioii. 

Zi^  mdkvLt,  The  heavenly  court,  the 
bll  0f  isgeliy  the  kingdom  of  beaten. 

j)^M«2ti2  (fem.  X»CL«),  Boyal ;  ortho- 
'  icL  One  who  ibUowB  the  religion  of  the  king. 

^  wiOdti^  Melkitesy  or  Boyalists. 

^^1  f^j\  ii^  idf(fiU  arrHm-el'mil' 
HneQreeki^MelkiteB. 
jU  nZs/  (pL  of  IL*),  Beligions* 

i^*^  wlmlmnf  Collected  into  one. 

toll  MJbiiM  (fem.  i^y^),  Collected 

Tf^^  ttaUnikuRyd,  Melancholy. 
>i^M/irdii,  doalof  ILe  maid.  Malatodn, 

liaj  and  night. 

ll^8w/tti(pL  of  uil«  malik),  Sings. 

^  Jo^l  L^l  ^li  ai:jl  JU3C, 

^if  he  tllege  at  a  pretext  to  ne  that  be  is 
^<%,  we  are  aleo  Kings,  and  the  sons  of 
a?'-  If  he  allege  aa  a  pretext  to  ns  the 
f^*%iiacaof  his  daughter,  the  son  of  our  sister 
i  ooR  lorelj  than  she. 

f»  Rtf/v/,  Patignedy  tired,  languid  ; 
■"^aeboly,  rexed. 

*^9iikwwat^,  Coloured,  diBtinguished 

^'ancttscolonn. 

2^  nifZffviAi'y  Distorted,  crooked. 

U  RttKiiR,  part.  act.  InBpiring.  Mtd- 
^*  part  pagg.  Inspired. 

^  mlhal,  Kindled,  inflamed. 

H  ^^t  Any  instrument  used  in 

F?  '^r  bj  wiy  of  recreation ;  also  a  mnsioal 
*"*«!  or  the  art  of  performing. 

H  w^A  (pi.  ^lU),  Beautiful,  agree- 
*«j8»eet,cbanning;good.  Ji^^JjLfi 
^  ^ni^  ib&wi  makh,  I  have  a  good 
F^  ^  1%  jU.  ^Oii;  Jj^  hal  ^nda- 
*•  iia^t«  flMnft,  Hawe  you  a  good  senrant  P 
T^  Mf^Sfm,  part.  act.  Softening, 
»»llient  A  lenitive,  laxative.   JjjI 


^J2^  IjJ  (^jJ^\   yr%d  ashrah   dawd 

mtda^ymy  I  wish  tatake  a  softening  medicine. 
Mulayyan^  mxi,  pass.  Softened,  soothed,  paci- 
fied^ pleased.  ^  [that  wnich. 

Ub«  mimmd  (for  U  ^  mm  md).  From 

di^U.^  mamdt,  Death;  the  state  of  death. 

c:.^i>,4.^  mumlt,  Deadly. 

JjUw«  mwndatl,  part.  Alike,  resembling, 

equal,  comparable.  ^Ub«  mumdsalat, 
Beaemblanoe,  similitude,  allusion.. 

^^U^  mumdrts,  Dedicated  or  addicted 
to  anything ;  studious,  caltirating. 

iu;l4^  mumdriuai,  Managing  (affairs), 

apylying  with  great  attention.  d^j\^^^ 

{jMj*i^\  mumdrasat  addarSf  To  apply 
oneself  with  great  attention  to  study. 

^etlayna  an  numaria  al  fadayll^  We  must 
practise  virtuous  actions. 

yUb/«  mvtmdtahaiy  Playing>  sporting, 
jesting    (with    another).      \^*k  r*^\  J 


\ 


;U^f  Id  iihaV  al  mumd' 


saha  ma^  ahhad,  I  do  not  like  jesting  vith 
any  one. 

(jmL«w«  mumds,  part.  Touching,  con- 
tiguous, a  tangent. 

Jla!U^  mumdlahatf  Flattering.  _x&L^i 

AA!Ui«ii\   9^\  {Ji  Id  tunuUikni  liannl 

akrah  al  mumalakahy  Do  not  flatter  me,  because 
I  detest  flattering  and  being  flattered. 

(J^U^  man^dlik  (pi.  of  ^SX^^),  King- 
doms, proyinces,  dominions,  states,  regions, 
estates,  possessions,  crown  lands. 

CilXJUbi^  mamdhk  (pi.  of  KLi^Jk/%  mam- 

luk)f  Servants,  slaves.  The  Mamluk  or 
Mamaltka  were  a  dynasty  of  Egyptian  sultans, 
sprung  from  Circassian  and  Tartar  slaves,  who 
usttiped  the  throne  a.d.  1249,  and  possessed 
ittill  1616,  when  they  were  subdued  by  SeUm  I., 

Emperor  of  the  Turks.  ^^  t^  yh  U^x««J 

l^  ^JJM^^Jl  J,  Now  while  he  was 

sitting  in  hie  chamber,  one  of  his  sliaves  came 
in  to  him,  and  said  to  him  that  there  was  at 
the  door 'a  slave-girl  with  a  broker:  none 
more  beautiful  than  she  had  been  seen. 


>- 


(404) 


mumdni^,  part.  Hindering^  op- 

poBing,  forbidding,  impeding.  iju\A^ 
mmmanaititf    Prohibition,  obstacle,   repulse. 

cif (i  ^  ^UuUJJ  Ji^Cm*,^  \j\  and  mui- 

tatid  HI  mumanij^ah  fjm  so/i,  I  am  ready  to 
repulse  any  attack  directed  against  me.  To 
protect  myself  defenslTely. 

j^jk^   mumtdty   Chosen,   distingaiBhed, 

eminent,  excellent,  illustrious.  Select.  Sepa- 
vate,  distmct.  [quioos. 

Jlu^  mumtoiil^  part.  Obedient,  obee- 

^j.^Um«  mumtahin^  part.  Trying,  prov- 
ing, examining,  weighine  (words).  (God) 
opening  and  ouiiplaTinff  ^e  heart  of  man). 
Ajl  experienced  or  skilnil  man. 

iXzuk^  mumtad,  part.  Extended,  pro* 
longed,  protracted. 

^Jjj4m«    tnumtaiijy  part.    Accustomed, 

used  to,  agreeing  with  one's  constitution. 
^Lu^  mumtali,  Filled,replete,heaped  ap. 

w%r>,<b>«  mumtani^f  Prohibited;   impos- 

■ible.  Refusing  access  to  another.  Rejecting, 
abstainittg  from.  [glorious. 

mumaffad,  part.  pass.  Glorified, 

mamha,  and  ^^^^^,  Obliterated, 
defaced. 

JXw«  mumaddad,  Laying  oneself  down, 
on  the  ground,  on  a  carpet,  or  on  a  bed. 

J^  Jl4^  fnamdad,  Extended,  protracted ; 
stretched. 


-.j«jw»^  mamdnh,  Praised,  celebrated, 
fiimous,  laudable,  commendable. 

^jOjA^  mumrid,  Morbid,  morbific. 

^  Ub<«  mumazEak,  Lacerated. 

^•jwi^.^  mamzuj,  Tempered,  mixed. 
-^^J.4^  S-^]/^>  Wine  diluted  with 
water,     jr^?^^  MamLiij  is  the  name 

giTen  to  any  composition  intermixed  with  a 
translation  into  another  language,  as  in  the 
following  instance,  to  facilitate  the  study  of 
both  languages.  The  few  descriptions,  narra- 
tions, and  other  sketches  which  are  inserted 
throughout  this  work,  will  be  of  great  ad- 
Tantage  to  the  student  if  he  take  csre  to 
intermix    them,    in   the    following   system. 

LfLj  <L^  Jbj\\  cJUfU  \3\,  When 
fortune  afiicteth  thee  with  a  calamity, 

\jtX^  \^  t^.^^^  1^  ^  L5^  prepare 


patience  to  endure  it»  and  expand  &y  boM 
jfjyasT  ^^Ull  <d1  ^U  for  the  Lord 
all  creatures,  in  his  bounty,  i>m^ 

\jM*i  fLai  ^  jmji\  Jju  will  kiiu 
cause  easy  drcumstanoes  to  follow  diffir 

jjUr  ^^^-iC«i\  4/;0^  jU  \j\  Wi 
mj  bosom  is  contracted,  I  will  beg  aid  of 

is  able  to  make  easy  eTerythuig  that  ia  difia 

before  the  eye  can  dose,  by  the  grace  of 
Lord  j^  jLef^^  j^\   CS\ii 

captiTC  is  liberated,  and  the  broken  heart  ci 

forted.     \euA^  jy^l]  ^^\  J\  ^ 

Commit  then  to  God'  all  thine  afa 
j^  lK^  *Jj*^  iJLoili  for  en 
discerning  person  knoweth  his  beaefieel 

Thou  art  the  cause  of  men's  fidling  I 

faouble,  4f>llJl  mWI^  (V^^  g 
and  thou  remotest  anxieties,  and  the  cauM 
misfortunes.     ls.^*m.J  ^^5^   15^ 

^Ji  Cause  me  not  to  ooTet  wbai 


cannot  attain.   J--«r  c:jli  j^'J. 

{:i:^i^jl^  How  many  who  have  core 
have  failed  to  gain  their  wishes !  i 

JuuJ  UmJI  f^j  ^1  \ZJjy^  Com' 
thine  affairs  to  the  Lord  of  Hearen,  and  t 
wilt  be  safe,  CJj^a  J^lai  ^k?-"**^  J* 
i*OJj  ij  and  act  kindly  throughout 

life,  and  thou  wilt  not  repent 
f^  f^\  i^\i^  jL\ju  Associate 
with  the  suspected,  for  thou  wooldst  be 

pected,  a:juJ  ij  ^J^ji^  vlCU  ^ 

and  keep  thy  tongue  from  reriling,  for  I 
wouldst  DC  reriled. 

4lSui4>^  mumaiidky  (A  garment)  | 
fumed  with  musk. 

^yitA^  mofiMtiAy  Cleaned,  wipedfpolid 


(405) 


fvMied.  inomled.    HaiiBg  a  plain  face 

oralerelfoperfieieg. 

^ktmA^  m§miM,  Changed    or  meta- 

BorphoKd  into  s  more  defonned  shapa  (e^- 
qiUt  men  into  animaLi]. 

\j^y'^  sMMuiU,  Touched. 

sLm  mmuuJMat,  Combed. 

j^  mmM,  A  place  for  walking. 

^  mmdi  or  wnmda*,  SuLecribed, 
*  mthentieated.  An  anthentic  writing. 
Jf*j v/^^f  Signed  and  aealed. 

^/f^mamghiU,  One  who  baa  the  oolic. 

^^  mmkiU,  Hated. 

^lUiawtti,  Possible.  i-AjAadt  ji.A^ 
■«i»  W  tMftf,  Mitigable.  jCa^ 
j^\mmimultaiiU,  Which  can  be 
wiuoed  to  a  smaller  number.    ^jCa^ 

>^tit  maalia  ml  t&'Jtkfr,  Which  can 

^pot^xmed.    Jj JucH ^^^Li^ jmrmibn 

ble.    ,A^\  ^^jC^Mt 

Beformable.  ^jLi^ 
w^ J)  MHalf II  tJ  f fi^ttof ,  Which  can 
k  oade  rsflexible.      ^fs^\  ^J.a^ 

"^^ittelvms  Which  ean  be  madaitnighi 
f/:i1^^«M0iim«^to«ArlA,Which 

«n  be  diaweled  (in  anatomy).    ^J,j^ 

jr^\  mmmkm  ul  tahlr.  Which  can 

fefihortened.  J^ ^1  ^^/^  Which 
«i  ^  Bade  kngcr,  which  cen  be  lengthened. 

Ci|r '  cr^^>  Which  can  be  made  clear 
^  pure  (water).  ^^^\  ^^^I-*^ 
^i  irf  teiiffii.  Which  can  be  dirided. 
Jfi^\  J^k^  mumkin  vt  taiilr,  Which 

<«tbedistilkd.  jJisll  jL^^  mmnkin  id 
I  be  imitated.  ^jL^^ 
tahir,  Which  can  be 

*»«««ed.    .^ilsH  ^J^^  mumkm  ut 

^'^  Whii^eu  be  inoenlated  or  Taednated. 
J?-^'  ^jCi^  mumkin  ut  totwli,  Which 

egnlar  order.   ^^^L^^ 

»iiiii^aM«f/;Whichcanbe 


!l 


divided  into  two  equal  portions.  ^«i^ 
l^jjlivrJ^  mtimMi  tU  tonsfm,  Which  can 
be  pnt  in  order ;  which  can  be  reformed  and 

modified.     Jtgi;sH  ^JLi^  mtmkin  ut 

tanftzj  Which  can  be  caused  to  penetrate  into 
anothw.    (An  order)  which  can  be  caoMd  to 

be  re^tected  and  executed.      ^jL^-^ 

^^uZiSl  mumkin  ui  tantih,  (A  literaiy 

oomporition)  from  which  any  obnoxioas  forma 
or  ezpreidoDS  can  be  remoyed,  and  dnlj  cor- 
rected. Jjal\  ^jL^^  mumkin  ul  ^aU, 
BemoTable. 

ISXa^  numlakat,  An  empire,  kingdom, 
tealmy  dominion,  conatry,  proTinoe,  diftrict, 
powearion.    Power,  grandeur,  magnificence. 

1:j  JjI  ^j/t,  And  she  said,  0  my  mother, 

Terily  I  fear  for  onr  kingdom ;  for  I  came  to 
yon,  and  acquainted  not  any  ene  of  the  people 
of  the  empire,  and  I  dread,  if  I  remain  long 
away  from  them,  that  the  hinadom  will  be 
alienated  from  us,  aad  that  the  dominion  will 
depart  from  our  handi. 

^La/«  mamlu,  FuU,  filled,  replete.  In- 
disposed with  repletion,   l^-;^^)^  *^Ji3 

^^AjXt^ ,  They  found  in  it  also  chests 
full  of  red  and  yellow  and  white  brocades. 

-.^L4i^  mamlnh,  Salted.  CL^l>-^L«^  (pL 
fern.).  Salted  toeat,  pioklei . 

C^V>»^  mamluk,  Possessed,  in    one's 

power.  A  purchased  slave  or  a  cup^je.  The 
name  of  the  Mamluks^  who  goremed  Egypt  for 
a  long  time,  is  the  participle  paasiTc  of  mataka, 
to  possess,  which  signifies  one  possessed  by, 
or  the  property  of  another ;  whidt  gi?es  the 
sense  of  slaye. 

^j^k^  miman  (contracted  from  the  prep. 

^  min,  and  the  pron.  ^  man),  Than 
him  who. 

e^X4^  tnomnik^f  Prohibited.  Forbidden, 

restrained.  IcyiA^  (ph  ci.?lc^x«^), 
Forbidden  things. 

^y^^i^  mamnitn,  Obliged,  one  who  has  re- 


[•y* 


(406) 


U 


oeiTed  a  fa?our.  Pleased,  rejoiced,  glad. 
^yMi^mamnfintya^,  Obligation.  Plea- 

Bore,  gladness,  satisfaction.     v<^jir^ 

K^^^Ajj^  lj}jQ   tayartanl  highdyat  id 

mamnuni^ah.  You  made  meexcessiTely  obliged 
to  you,  or  you  gare  me  tbe  greatest  pleasure, 
you  made  me  exceedingly  gU9. 

jijf«^  mamhar,  Signed,  sealed. 

cji^^^  mumlt  (or  <tu^^),  Mortal,  fatal, 
deadly. 

^  man  (pron.  of  com.  gender,  singular 
and  plural).  He  who,  she  who,  diey  Who. 
Whosoever,  whatsoever,  every  one  (eitner  in- 
terrogatively or  not).    Some  one,  any  one,  a 

certain  person,  l^  S  r.  l-^JlL  ^^,  He 
who  asks  receives ;  he  who  searches  finds  (a 

proverb).  L^\Ai\  slJ\j  y^  ^^^nanhil 
xak   oihshabj   Who    is   that   young   man? 

1  ijb  jj^  ^J^^a^-  hudn  man  ha%d,  Whose 


horse  is  that  ?  kjl^\  ^  man  ant.  Who 
are  you  ?  yb  ^  man  Ail,  Who  is  he  ? 

lam  ^uhsin  linafnhi  lam  yuhtin  laghayrihi. 
He  who  does  not  act  well  to  himself  does  not 
act  well  to  another. 

^  mm  (prep.),  From,  of,  for,  on,  than, 
by.   ^}pA  ^i  For  which  reason.   ^ 

ilS^S,  On  your  acconnt.    js>\  ^, 

BeHnd,  at  the  back.  ^\  ^,  Hence- 
forth,   after  this,  from  this  time  forward. 

Ui^  cT*  (^  <-^-^?^  cr*)'  ^^^ence. 
Juu  ^,  After,  hereafter ;  presently ; 
never,  in  no  shape.  U  Jju  ^,  After 
that.  \£^^  ^,  From  below.  ^ 
^^J,  Besides,  except.  0^^\  ^^, 
Since  morning.  uJ^  ^,  Apart. 
^\r^^  ^,  Notwithstanding,  although, 
nevertheless,  jy^i  From  above, 
JJ  ^j-i,  Formerly.  ^^IJJ^,  Here- 
tofore, fj^^  ^^  From  elsewhere. 
Ujb  ^j^  or  cJl:Jb  ^,  Hence. '  lub  ^ 
cJLjb^,  On  every  side,  iu^t  ^, 
Daring  a  whole  year,     mji  J^l  ^, 


From  the  first  day.    ^j  ^^,  By  my 

M 

Qod.  ^;|Ji  ^,  For  a  whole  month. 
^Xfiil  ^j^.  From  the  cradle,  ^jt  ^ 
2f^T  ^1,  From  the  first  of  it  to  the 

last.  j^Xfi  ^j  err^  <-r-^  ^J  cr*» 

In  one  respect  a  friend,  in  another  an  enemy. 
Cii3jj>-1^^,  On  that  account    ^j^ 

^3  lK  (or  te-jl\  J^  ^)t  In  every 

manner,  in  aU  respects.      .^S^f  ^ 

.Ijlt  ^t,  From  the  morning  tiU  the 

evening.  \J^  i^y  i/^  ^$  In  what- 
ever   manner,    in    every    shape,    however. 

S9^\  ^  (J'l>- 1«,  There  did  not  come 

to  me  one  of  them,  jlj^-  ,j^  S-^y 
A  garment  of  silk.     ^^  \^^\  m^ 

^^afo  ^^oju  kulluhwn  iffhtaau  min  ha^i 
hwm  ^^  They  are  all  offended  with  one 
another.  ^  mtn,  Than.  w«4>j«a11 
^yi\  ^jsx>^  CJ>yUl  al  ku^  ma^ 

asiukut  khayJr  min  anmisBa^^  To  sit  still 
(without  speaking}  is  better  than  quairelling. 

fmi\  ^j^j^  cUaJI  MBamd^  Jthaylr 
min  al  kalam.  Hearing  is  better  than  speaking. 

^j/f  man,  Manna,  a  species  of  honey  dew 
gathered  from  phmts. 

c^^L^  mandhp  Supplying  the  place  (of 

another),  doing  anything  for  him;  acting  as  a 
looBBtenens.    Lieutenancy,  vicegerency. 

jL/«  mandhar  (pi.   of  ««x^   mimbar). 
Pulpits,  rostrums,  etc. 

ifU-L^  mundjdtf  Prayers,  recommenda- 
tions. Actingorspeakingprivatelywitkanotber. 

^1:^^  mandkhf  Climate.  While  Beaumur's 

thermometer  stands  in  Syria  at  twenty-five 
and  twenty-six  degrees  upon  the  coast,  it 
hardly  rises  to  twenty  or  twentv-one  among 
the  mountains.  In  winter,  toerefore,  the 
whole  chain  of  mountains  is  covered  with 
snow,  while  the  lower  country  is  always  fr«e 
from  it,  or  at  least  it  lies  only  for  aa  in- 
stant. Syria  and  Mesopotamia  unite  different 
climates  under  the  same  sky,  and  collect, 
within  a  natrow  compass,  pleasures  and  pro- 
ductions which  nature  has  elsewhere  dispersed 
at  great  distances  of  time  and  place.  If  in 
Alexandretta  we  are  incommoded  by  the  heats 
of  July,  in  three  hours  we  are  in  the  neigh- 
bouring mountains,   in  the  temperature  of 


L. 


(407) 


L. 


ICirdi ;  or.  on  the  other  band,  if  chilled  by 
the  frortB  of  December  tt  Beylan,  a  two  boun' 
joonwf  biiiia  n  buck  to  the  oout,  amid  the 
doTOB  of  Maj.  The  Arabian  poeta  bare 
thetelbire  and,  that  the  monntaaxiB  of  STria 
bar  winter  oo  their  head,  aprinr  upon  their 
dkoskkn^  aad  autumn  in  their  boaom,  while 
KBtmer  lies  iLeeping  at  their  feet.  The  cli- 
Bateof  Sjxia  ii  one  of  the  finest  in  the  world. 


JcJI  LL^  vi,.^  Jlc^  Climatology. 

^l^  nmndk^,  ClimataL 

i^S^  mmidiai.  Calling  to  one,  con- 

Toidng,  proclaiming.     dlOj   *^^^^ 

JjA)  t/»-^'j  •^j-^  ^/J^ 

L^t  JjuJ,  And afterwaids housed 

to  lide  to  the  chase  and  banting,  and  to  go 
ibnt  thnmgb  the  citiea  and  provinoea  that 
ver«  Qoder  ms  role,  making  proclamation  of 
Bfctj  lod  Kciiritj,  and  doing  at  do  the  kings. 

f^^  mmiddmj  part.  A  companion,  an 

EOBtte  frieoii. 

^^  mtmdiamaij  Caronsing.    LfJl  )\ 

♦;'-iJl^tyj  •^IclJl  jjlij^,  But 

^  ^fcd  euonsing  and  wine,  and  oomelj 
^  aad  pretty  Terses,  and  strange  histories. 

J-«^  mtmddif  part.  A  crier,  a  herald, 

iproehimer. 

Ji-^U  sund^/  (pL  of  Ji  J^),  A  towel. 

;'^  Rfsdr  (pL  yl:^),  A  candlestick, 

a£p,  lanfliom,  pharos.  A  march-stone  or 
AHMJtry.gigf ^  a  way-stone  or  direction-post. 

I     M    *        f 

;vu.y  SM ;  flMmdr,  The  surname  of 

ibnb,  King  of  Anbia  Felix,  who  is  said  to 
^^«  ^erected  such  posts  when  going  to 
]^t  m  directions  for  nis  return  through 
«^  md  nninhnbited  districts.  Manar^ 
^'><,  or  manaruhy  A  lofty  torret  on  the 
"^^''iVDedaB  mosques,  from  which  the  crier 
^  tbe  people  io  prayers  (as  they  use  no 


And  as  for  the  arts  of  those  who  practise  handi- 
craft, their  pursuit  furnishes  nothing  beyond 
bare  maintenance ;  and,  besides  that,  the^  are 
not  aTaikble  at  all  times,  for  the  exercise  of 
them  is  chiefly  confined  to  the  Tigour  of  life. 
Nor  haTe  I,  on  experience,  discoyered  a  single 
method  of  subsistence  that  offers  prizes  both 
precious  and  easy  to  win,  that  is  truly  agree- 
able, that  yields  abundant  gains,  or  is  a 
source  of  clear  profit,  except  that  whereof 
Sasan  laid  the  foundation,  wnile  he  practised 
it  in  all  its  yarious  branches,  and  made  its 
splendour  to  shine  in  eyery  direction,  and  dis- 
played it  as  a  lantern  to  guide  the  sons  of  dust 

cjl:^  jfiifffdst^,  part.  Contending,  liti- 
gating, opposing ;  refractory. 

iRj\i^  mundta^.  Contest,  litigation, 
eontroyersy,  altercation. 

JjL^  fnandml  (pi.  of  Jj-^^),  Mansions, 
stages,  halting-places,  inns,  carayanseras. 

c,^.rfl:M#  mundM,  part.  Corresponding 
or  adapting  to,  conformable,  proportioned, 
agreeing  with,  quadrating,  congruous,  just, 
apt,  fit,  proper,  suitable,  pertinent,  accommo* 
dated,  equal,  conyenient 

4«M>L^  mundsahat,  Proportion,  connexion, 
relation,  suitableness,  oonyenience,  comparison. 

ilX^\:^  mandiik,  The  ceremonies  and 
sacrifices  prescribed  in  the  pilgrimage  to 
Mecca. 

^L^  mandiim  (pi.  of  m***:^),  Vivifying. 

« Ju&L.  mofUUhadat.  Fraying,  conjuring, 
adjuring,  taking  God  to  witness. 

^^L«  mandshlr  (pi.  of  jj«»v^),  Eoyal 
mandates,  patents,  or  diplomas. 

^\:^  mands,  A  place  of  refage,  an 
asylum,  a  retreat.  Retiring,  declining,  flying 
from,  taking  refuge  with. 

^Mtfl:^  mundsahat,  Conspiring  against, 
laying  snares  for. 

ij^\i>^  mundiorat,  Assisting  one  another. 

^lL^I^ms  mundiofat,  Dividing  into  two 
equal  parts.  [tant  as  the  Pleiades. 

t u^  mandt,  Distance,    b^l  l^li^,  Dis- 

Ja^j^  mandtir  (pi.  ofja:^),  Spectacles, 

public  or  theatrical  exhibitions,  aspects,  ap- 
pearances. 

^L^  mundzir,  Inspector,  superintendent. 


u 


(408) 


!^U^  fmrndfutrai,  Disputation,  contrast. 
Inspection  •  2r^U^  \  Jie  ^m  \d  man&- 
mrahf  The  knowledge  of  disciu»ion,  or  the 

art  of  disputation.      ijic>\:^  ui^-^ar, 

taht  tnanazarat,  Under  the  care,  the  inflpection, 
or  the  snperintendency  of. 

^UJL/t  mundfuatf  Entering  into  com- 
petition with.  [adrantages. 

^L<«  manafi^  (pi.  of  Xfti:^),  Oains, 

J^il:^*  munafihj  A  hypocrite,  an  atheist. 
A  diaaemhler. 

^L^  mundfly  part.  Dispelling,  repel- 
ling, repugnant,  contrarj,  endeayouring  to 
ruin.  5j|^l^l:Mt,  Eepngnant  to 
politeness  or  humanity.  [ahilities. 

c^^L^  mundkib  (pi.  oiiJL^\  Yirtaes, 

iji\:^  mundkarat,  DispatiDg,  ezposta- 
lating. 

^LuJL^  mun&hashat.  Contention,  contrast, 

dispute.     Entering  minutely  into  calculation 
with  another. 

(j^li/f  mundkid,  part.  Contradictory, 
contrarj,  repugnant,  opposite. 

^^L/t  munaib^^,  Mutaal  contradiction. 

Opposition.  [Shoulders. 

v-^Umv  mandkih  (pi.  of  i^^i^^  tnankih), 

S  J^L^  mundkadatf  Behaving  harshly  (to 
another) ;  giving  pain,  perplexing. 

I%L«  man&m  (pi.  cL^UL^),  A  dream. 
^  ^\j  J^b  J^l  l^  ^\Jis 

v/-»j^  c^V^^^  tliU'  ^^1^  C^"  jLMrf 
Ufsr^^  ^1^  L4I5L;  ^^Ij  1^1 

^«£^ ,  Then  the  old  woman  said  to 


I 


her,  0  my  mistress,  I  saw  (a  dream)  in  m 


sleep  as  tnough  a  man  came  to  me  and  sail 
Thy  mistress  and  the  son  of  the  king  love 
each  other;  therefore  manage  their  affair, 
carry  their  letters,  accomplish  their  wants, 
conceal  their  case,  and  keep  their  secrets ;  so 
wilt  thou  experience  an  immense  good  fortune. 

^ILt  marman,  Beneficent,  benign,  pro- 
pitious (applied  especially  to  Omnipotence). 

4j^L^  fnundwahat,  An  alternate  succes- 
sion. 


ZJjU^    mundtcalat,    Giving,    offering. 
^;m«XA4J1  c>k/^^  ^^^  *nundwalat  ul 

kurban  al  muJiMuUat,    Beceiying  the   Holy 
Communion.  [Boads. 

^U^  mandhij  (pi.  of  ,^(^  manhiif), 

_ibl:M«  mandhl  (pi.  of  ^<f>^  or  ^^^f^^^^)* 

Prohihited  things ;  sins,  crimes. 
IjL^  man&yd  (pi.  of  iL:^),  Deaths.  ^Lai 

\uijs\  \i}^\  And  two  of  us  died  every 

day,  till  a  great  multitude  of  us  had  perished ; 
so  then  I  saw  that  destruction  had  entered 
our  dwelliuffs,  and  had  alighted  among  us, 
.  and  drowned  us  in  the  sea  of  death. 

yjL^^fX^  mumbitf  part.  Sprouting,  growing, 

yegetating,  fertile,  producing  plants,  fruits, 
etc.    Mamhat,  A  plape  where  plants  grow. 

Manhij  (from  ^L:^^  manbah^  which 


means  a  temple  for  the  adoration  of  fire).  The 
name  of  the  ancient  and  celebrated  town  of 
Hierapolis,  which  was  also  called  Bambyce, 
situated  two  days'  journey  to  the  K.E.  of 
Aleppo.  No  traces  remain  of  the  temple  of 
that  great  goddess  with  whose  worship  Lucian 
has  made  us  acquainted.  The  only  remarkable 
monument  is  a  subterranean  canal,  which 
conducts  the  water  from  the  mountains  of  the 
north  for  the  distance  of  four  leagues.  All 
this  country  was  formerly  Ml  of  such  aque- 
ducts. The  Assyrians,  Medes,  and  Persiana, 
esteemed  it  a  religious  duty  to  oonyey 
water  to  the  desert,  in  order  to  multiply,  ac- 
cording to  the  precepts  of  Zoroaster,  the  prin- 
ciples of  life  and  abundance.  At  eyery  step, 
therefore,  the  trayeller  meets  with  astounding 
prooft  of  ancient  population.  Alone  the  whole 
road  from  Aleppo  to  Hamah  you  ducover  the 
ruins  of  ancient  yillages,  cisterns  &Uen  in, 
and  the  remains  of  fortresses, — nay,  eyen  of 
temples.  I  particularly  remarked  a  quantity 
of  oyal  and  round  hillocks,  which,  from  the 
nature  of  the  earth,  and  their  steep  ascent  on 
this  eyen  plain,  eyidently  appear  to  haye  been 
the  work  of  man.  That  of  Khan  Shaikhun  is 
seyen  hundred  and  twenty  ^ces,  or  fourteen 
hundred  French  feet,  in  circumference,  and 
near  a  hundred  feet  high.  These  hillocksy 
scattered  at  regular  interyals  of  nearly  a  league 
frx>m  each  other,  are  coyered  with  the  ruins  of 
citadels ;  and  they  were  also  places  sacred  to 
the  adoration  of  the  Sun,  according  to  the 
well-known  nractice  of  the  ancients  of  wor- 
shipping on  nigh  places.  The  traditions  of 
the  natiyes  atmbute  all  these  works  to  the 
infidels. 


(409) 


XT 


^  wmh&r,  A  pnlpit,  a  high  chairi  a 

1.  ■:  tiiifiifciitV,  part  Dilated,  extendad. 

HiTo^  tn  open  or  cheerM  ooantenance. 
SqdoD^,  ealtiag.  [orig;m. 

u^  MMJi^,  Afountaiii,  spring,  aouice, 

dxj^  mumia^f  Sent. 

J^  mMmhofkJ,   Desired,    required, 


tmiHih,  Dog  up  by  the  root. 


y  ^^ 


^  KoMik,    An    admonisher,    an 
mkaer.   An  aknn-bell  or  dock. 

«^  mut,  An  obligation,  favour,  coor- 
^.  gnce.  MmuuU,  Streogth,  power. 

^  wmtii,  Prodocing,  resulting  in. 

tmiuir,  Scattering,  dispersed. 
mmUaM,   Weeping  bitterly, 

<^^sCi^  tmntaihH,  part.  act.  Selecting, 
<^«ng  the  best.  Mtmiakhab,  Choeen,  se- 
■^QhI;  asdecdon. 

S*"'"-<  MMa^Mod,  part.  Named,  denom- 
Bi^  BcMnbUnff  (niiotlier)mBpeciM.  Koble. 

jj'i^  munUiH,  Arranged,  disposed  in 
^;  adhering  in  n  regoLir  series  or  row. 

r^  mmUik^,  part.  Explained,  pub- 

^  Effused,  dispened. 
V<<^^  ntm^oM^,  part.  Standing  erect. 

1^  viUi  die  Towel  /o^iU  f «).  Bained 
w).  Having  erect  horns. 

^  mmUmh^  part  Listening  to  advice, 

-di-proTingnponU. 

/^asstftn-,  part.  Conquering,  be- 
■■Qf  nperior  to  an  enemf  . 

^^^^mmUn/^  part.  Mid-day.  Eeep- 
^•Stfceauddle.  [(for). 

f^nwioMir,  In  expectation,  looking 

F^  «w<«wr,  Expected,  looked  (for). 

f^maUaum^  part  Ordered,  arranged, 

P^  in  rows^oined  together,  threaded  (as 
l*B»B^).  Mimtazim^  fiegnlating,  placiiig 
**«r,  transfiiing,  piercing. 

t*^  mim^^^,  part  XTsing,  enjoying, 
^^  the  sdrsntagOy  profit  or  use  of  any- 


f^mimUfi{rem.  fjij^),  Bepulsed, 

ff.«iei  remofcd,  diiripated,  destroyed.    Re- 
—  teiade. 


tmrntMl,    Being    transported, 
carried,  emigrating,  passing  (to  another). 

»grj»^  sMfirfaifcm,  past.  The  punisher,  the 
*  arenger. 

_a:u^  muntoil,  part.  Selecting. 

^^dJlii^   nmnialuu^  Inverted,    crooked, 
haring  the  head  hanging  downward. 

muntaml,  Belated,  connected. 

muntin,  Putrid,  stinking. 

mimiahi^  part.  Seizing  an  oppor- 
tnnity.  [np. 

muntahid,  part.  Excited.  Bising 

mimtaha%  part.  pass.  Finished, 

terminated,  ending.  Muntaht,  part.  act. 
Brinnng  to  a  conclusion.  MimUha\  The 
concnuion,      term,      hoondary,      extremity. 

^  ^j^  ^  v^^c;*  ^^  **'  (^ 

Tl&en  he  asked  me  respecting  my  case,  and 
what  had  happened  to  me.  Wherefore  I  ac- 
qnainted Jiim  with  my  whole  affair  from  hegin- 
ning  to  end ;  and  he  was  astonished  at  my  story. 

\^f>^^  mtm^oirl,  Directed  towaida  any- 
thing. 

\^Ji\\^  mutuakah,  Perforated,  pierced. 
j^j^  manmr,  The  winter  gillyflower. 
j^^^  (^^^^^f  Terse  and  prose. 

mwMJjiij  A  maker  of  cushions 


andheds. 


fnw^auh^  part.  Going  quick. 
Mu^azab,  Drawn,  dragged,  seized,  snatched. 


munjitf    part.   Performing   (pro- 
i).  [(business) . 

i^Jj^Umtffi;Vnuim,Cut,amputated.  Abrupt 

J^^t«  munfal,  A  reaping-hook,  a  scythe. 

j^sx^munojlftm,  part,  act  An  astronomer, 
'   an  astrologer,  an  almanack-maker. 

munjamad,  Congealed,  concreted. 

manjanlk,  A  warlike  engine,  a 

catapnlta,  a  balista,  a  battering  ram.      A 
pulley,  a  machine  for  raising  great  weights. 

.^w«  manh,  Giring,  pr^enting. 

munhadab,  Prominent  (back). 


'••      • 


jS^L^   munhadir,   part.   Descending  a 
dedirity. 


(410) 


immkofafj  Changed,  inTerted. 
Mmiharift  Dedining  or  tninmg  firom. 

munhatar.  Surrounded,  besieged, 

blockaded,  pressed,  enrironed,  confined   to, 
reBtricted,  contained,  comprehended. 

L^U  munhit,  part.  FoUing,  let  down, 
deMending. 

Ji^L*  munhal,  Dissolyed. 

^J^^^  munhairii  or  mimAoiui',  Flexible, 
crooked,  bent. 

(jwj^t*  manhiUi  Unfortunate,  unhappy. 
eA2CU  mmkhadi^  Deceived. 

/^^  maiiiUar.(pl.^^L^},  The  noetrilB, 
thenoee. 

^^l^sru  mutMartk,  Tom,  lacerated. 

cj2CV«  munkhazi^,  part.  (A  rope)  cut 
or  broken  through  the  middle  (not  at  the  ends). 

munkhMtf,  Eclipsed  (moon). 

s^  munkhashi^y  Humbled. 

munkhafid,  part.  Depressed,  sub- 
jected. 

^t£^^  mufMaft,  part.  Hid,  absconding. 
s^L^  mrnMul  or  munkhal,  A  sieve,  a 


••  • 


munkhaU^,  part.  (A  bone)  dis- 
located by  any  accident.  Extracted:  eradi- 
cated, [oneself. 

"•  -^  ^  munkhanik,  part  Strangled  by 


^j«X:^  mundarij,  part.  Comprehended, 

contained,  collected,  registered.  Comprehend- 
ing, etc.  InTolved  within  itself,  coiled  or 
roHed  up.  [Cancelled. 

^ji^:^  mundaris,    part.    Obliterated. 

t-fAV^  mundaf  ajxd  JljOj^^  mundafai,  A 

laive  bow  bent,  the  string  of  which  they  beat 
wiw  a  kind  of  mallet  in  separating  or  teazing 
cotton ;  also  the  mallei 

^JCb^  mundafi^,  part.  Beat,  trampled 

npon,  repulsed,  removed,  taken  away.  Given, 
deUTerea,  surrendered.  [diffused  (water). 

j;ijj»/t  mundafik,  part.  Spreading  wide, 

^Jlx^  mundalik,  part.  Preceding,  out- 
stripping in  going,  running,  etc.  Going  out, 
removing  from  one*s  plaM.  Bursting  from 
the  belly  (the  intestines).   -  [pents  of. 

<1<A:>.^  mandamat,  That  which  one  re- 

4.^^00^  mandnb.  Lamented,  celebrated 
in  a  funeral  oration. 


uJ^tXi^  ffiaiiifi/,Carded  or  teazed(cotton). 


^jc^  mundahin,  part  Anointing  one- 
self: 


'd\  ^^  «3a^.   From 


(Jj  jc^  mandfl,  A  table-table.  MniiU 
A  towel  or  table-doth  fringed.  A  wreath, 
sash,  turban-cloth,  or  anythme  rolled  round 
the  head  of  man  or  woman.  A  handkerchief^ 
whether  thrown  round  the  neck  or  worn  stock 
in  tiie  girdle. 

JO/f  munMU  or  minwu  (contra  from  ^ 
and  1  J),  From,  since.    cImL  ^  jo^ 

j^f  IJjb  mtffisti  ham  halaghak  hiatal 
khaboTf  How  long  is  it  since  you  received  this 

news? 
Thursday. 

jX^  mutmirf  An  admonisher,  adviser. 

jX^\  al  mun»ir,  The  name  of  a  prince 
of  the  Arabians ;  also  of  his  tribe. 

jf^  (Xx^  maiwfir.  Promised,  vowed,  offered 
up,  dedicated,  consecrated. 

munmasa^f  Fulled  up  (herbage). 
munaaf,  Bleeding. 
J^Jm«  mamal,  See  J^*     Jfa$uitl  (pi. 

JjI:m«),  a  caravansera,  inn,  or  any 

place  for  the  accommodation  of  travellers,  a 
house,  hotel,  lodging,  mansion,  habitation, 
dwelling.  A  mansion  of  the  moon.  A  post- 
office,  a  stage  where  post-horses  are  fbmished. 

UJi\  d^  lyb^,  Then  they  went 

forth  from  him,  and  returned  to  their  abode, 
and  passed  the  next  night. 

ilyu^  mafMtlat,  A  post  of  honour,  dig- 
nity, station,  condition.   ^  XJjj^  ^9, 

In  the  capacity  of  a  brother,  like  aWo^er, 
brotherly. 

(J^J-i^  mufuuiUk,  part.  Slipping,  sliding. 
Slippery.    Liable  to  slide  or  fall. 

cjiL:^  ffuifisil^,  Tom  up,  eradicated, 
swept  away,  carried  off, 

^•li/«  muwtawlf  A  hermit,  r&luse. 

njj^  munaaahf  Exempted  from,  fr-ee. 
Fure,  blameless,  holy.    IsUlt  ^  2f^j^ 

muruuah  ^<m  ul  ffhalat,  InfriUible. 

mamaj,  The  instrument  by  which 
the  web  is  stretched  when  working. 

mi«iMaAti&,part.  Worn  by  friction ; 
reduced  to  powder,  crumbled  to  dust. 


*. 


(411) 


k^ 


Juj^  muntaij  pari  Cloeed,  obstructed, 
ihot  njL   Cloong  i^  (holefl). 

m^  mmuanhy  pari  Flowing,  gliding, 
erapiBg.   M onng  to  and  fro. 

f"^  mtmtaiihf  pari  Expanding  one- 
$4  Ijifig  M  the  btek  witiumfc  motion. 

Jim^  nintaf,  A  &n,  a  Yentilator  for 

^^^  muuik  (pi.  uiwl:^*),  A  place 

dm&ttf  cfpedallj  in  the  Talley  Monna, 
oiarMeea;  also  Uie  rites  and  ceremonies 
aita&f  those  Mcrifioes.  A  freqaented  place. 
Marnkf  Being  de? oted  to  religious  ceremonies. 

cA.-:^  mmuakib,  part  Flowing,  fluid 

(Hvtter);  ihed. 

jm^  moiia/.  Drawn  from  its  Boabbard. 


wttttuaUbf    Taken    as  spoil; 

,«^my.  [eldn). 

p^WBiM^  pari  Drawn  off  (as  a 

^iiL;^  mnualii^  part.  Joined,  con- 
ittled,  earolkd  amongst,  added. 

* 

wnwiWit,  Enlirening,  yivifying, 


y^  sMMfi^^  Belative,  related,  be- 
^io^,  iddieted  to,  depending  npon.    Con- 

m 

'^.y^  »Ma«A%0^y  Belationship,  oon- 
Boioii,  quality  of  pertaining.      Jt>^\ 

'*r>y»^  inMnmunb,    An    adjectiye 

^^  relation,  connexion,  or  qnalily  of  per- 
viiagtoiomething. 

If^  nuMuaJ,   Woven,    (a  garment) 

»Wnght  with  gold.       4i)U-yyyJ»^  (pi. 

fan.)»  Things  woven ;  gold- wrought 

(*^  mamukh  (fern.  i:>^ym^),  Can- 
«>H  oUiteiated,  abolished,  broken. 

"AMitib,  Banged,  placed  in  order. 

Msil,  Forgotten,  buried  in  ob- 
.  *j«,  Mglectsd,  omitted. 

*^  MaaiM,  The  principal,  beginning, 
•*•?■»  loaree,  spring,  motire ;  the  exordium 
«  «pimait  of  any  composition. 

)^  minthdr,  A  hand-saw. 

'***^  miuA*i,  part.  Making  a  sign, 
pointiitt  to,  or  informing  (where  anything  is 
»«).  Bedtiag  (Tfltses).    Satirizing. 


•■  A 


m  m 


mwuharthf  part.  Cheerful,  re- 
joicing. 

&/»*^^  mumharimf  Split,  slightly  cut. 

mamhak,  The  nose  or  nostrils. 

munshak,  Splii 

j^tu^  maiMAar,  Diffused,  spread  abroad, 
diTulged,  published  (as  a  book).  A  ror^ 
man&te,  diploma,  patent,  or  pnyilege.  IM- 
Tided,  cut  with  a  saw. 

4^jAiV^  fmtnahaioi,  Boasted. 

^^^AuJ^  mumhl,  A  writer,  the  author  of 
a  book,  a  secretary. 

c,,i.fl;^  matutA  (pi.  ^^^L«),  Dignity, 
office,  ministry,  magistracy.  A  high  place; 
a  place  where  anything  is  erected.  Mtmsab, 
part.  Poured  out^  diffusing  itself;  smitten  with 
toTe. 

nmnsabiffh,  Dyed.     Baptizing. 

munsarif,  part.  Converted,  turn- 
ing back,  receding,  departing,  relating  to. 

-ft.a.;./<  mama/,  The  middle  or  half  of 
the  way.    Munaif,  Discreet,  just. 

^ya:^  fnantah.  Erected,  constituted. 
Marked   with  the   vowel-point  fatha  ("a). 

Pitched.  ^JU  JL(i\  1  jjb  ^  ^  ^1 

Liya:^  CiUl^  uirA^  ^^  ^^1/ 

^^^\  lJ*^  ls'^'  Verily  I  have  been 

in  this  place  twenty  years  without  seeing  in 
it  any  one,  until  yesterday,  when  I  heard  weep- 
ing, and  I  looked  in  the  direction  of  the 
sound,  and  saw  many  people,  and  tents  pitched 
on  the  shore  of  the  sea. 

fnarMTf   Aided,   defended,  pro- 
tected (by  God].    Victorious,  conquering. 

ijyou^  maniUrai,  Name  of  several  towns. 

maiuUs,  Manifested,  declared. 

mnndaji^  part.  Beclining  on  a 

bed  or  on  the  ground  (especially  on  the  side). 

mundafir,  part.  Two  (ropes)  twisted 
together. 

M^\^  mundam,  pari  Contracted,  heaped 
'  together,  joined,  added,  inserted. 

.^^kii^  muntahikhf  part.  Cooked,  boiled, 
^dressed.  [obedient^ 

muntabi^  pari  Tame,  trained. 


(412) 


^Jec^  muniarid,  part.  Priven  away. 
^^aIix^  muntafl,  part  Extinct. 

^jia:*^  mantihj  An  oration,  eloquence; 
(or  ^V»;4iH  Jlc),    Logic,    reasoning. 

Mmtak  (and  JIaL:^},  A  girdle,  zone, 

belt      'T^j^^  ^[aL:^,    The   celestial 

girdle,   t^e  zodiac.      iCtJJi\  J^aL:^!, 

The  frigid  zone.  Sj\A\  J^fik^t,  The 
torrid  xone. 

^<gVr:,.^  mantaJ^,  Logical,  dialectic. 

^jUai/t  muntaiik,  part.  Dismissed,  set  at 
liberty,  departing ;  loosened,  relaxed. 

Jf^laiw*  mantnk,  Said,  spoken,  articulated 

distinctly,  related,  told.  An  expression.  The 
spirit  and  disposition  of  any  document. 

4^^kL«  tnuntatpif  Folded,  involyed,  wrapt. 
Inclosed. 

^^]aL«  matuar,  The  countenance,  f&ce,  as- 
pect, visage,  looks.  A  spectacle,  stsge  play, 
theatre,  scene;  anything  looked  at,  agreeable 

or  disagreeable.  Object  of  sight,  l^^ 
Ja:4^iDefonned  in  countenanoe.CJ^Lsi 

v^  br^^  ^  ^^  ^^  ^>j 

f^Uj  ^j^^\  Ait^^^l,  And  she 

proceeded  to  bum  perfume,  and  to  invite  and 
oonjure,  and  repeated  spells  until  tiie  sea 
foamed  and  was  agitated,  and  there  came  forth 
from  it  a  young  man  of  comely  form  and 
beautiful  countenance,  like  the  moon  at  the  fhU. 


munauaf,    Cleaned,    purified, 
purged.  [Suffering  injustice. 

Jia:^.munsuilim,  part.  Bearing  injuries. 

aVi'*^  fhutunzam,  Arranged,  in  excellent 
*  order,  placed  in  a  row.  [visible. 


jya^^  tnannur,  Seen,  looked  at,  admired, 

/•^lai^  mantUm  (fern.  Ju^la:^),  Joined, 
threaded,  arranged  in  order.  Metrical,  versi- 
fied,   poetic.      Lt^au^,   A   piece   of 

poetry.     A  system,  series,  hierarchy.    Any- 
thing placed  in  a  series,  line,  or  order. 

man^,  A  prohibition,  hindrance, 
'obstacle,  preventative,  ref\isal,  opposition.  To 
forbid,  repulse,  inhibit,  reject,  negative,  deny, 

dissuade.     L&^\  ojjj  ^xJ\  ^^  mm 


J 
r 


al  fmm^  tasftf  arrmgkb^  From  fnhih 
desire  increases.  [the  light 


mun^H,  part.  Donating 

mun^mt  part.  Extinct,  Ic 
mined,  destroyed,  annihilated,  ananllsd, 


molished. 


pnm^adl,  Anyone  who  has 

"tracted  a  contagious  disease,  ai     ^ 
having  received  a  contagious  dises 

J^ic^  miffi^osiZ,  part.  Deprived  of  < 
removed  from  ministry  or  from  a  goi 

mtm^Mir,  Pressed  (grapes). 


M^n\^  ffitm^ottm,  part.  Freserred, 
*  fended. 

L-oV>irv^  mun^atif,  part.  Bent, 

inflected.   Turned  on  one  side,  turned  from  ^ 
towaitis. 

tXJbc^  muncahd,  Agreed  upon,  conehdd 

(peace,  marriage,  bargain).  Tied,  boiod,  co^ 
tracted.    Congsaled,  dotted,  formed. 

mun^akiTy  part  Wounded  ia  tbi 

feet  (as  a  camel  or  hone). 
^^/Sjc^  mun^Jtii,  part.  Inverted,  plaoei 

topsy-turvy,  reversed  (as  a  figure  in  a  mmr] 
i^JJjCf  mun^akiff  One  who  pays  atteo 

tion.     Jj«S\  ^J^iiifC^  ^  Mamm 

^ifah  iMl  "tUm,  She  pays  attenluw  t 
learning. 

MiC^  mun^m,  part.  A  benefactor.  Beo£ 
ficent,  liberal,  gracious.    Generous. 

fJ^Jci^  munghadlf  Washed. 

(^jc^  *  munghalihf  part.  Shut  np  c 
against;  dose. 

j^^ic^  munghamiry  part.  Sunk,  plon^ 

i^yc^  munghawiy  part.  Seduced,  d* 
ceived. 

ujii^  Manfy  Memphis  in  Egypt,  on  t) 
canal  of  Menouf,  which  connects  the  Dismct 
and  Roeetta  branches  of  the  Nile,  thirtf  wl 
from  Cairo.  Manf,  Mats,  and  then  sre  i 
digo  works.  Pop.  Unascertained.  Abslfe 
speaks  of  thin  place  in  the  following  terms ; 
Hanf  is  the  andent  capital  of  Egypt.  It 
situated  to  the  West  of  the  Kile.  ^ 
Amru-ben-Al^as!  made  the  conquest  of  iu 
destroyed  it,  and  built  Aliustat  on  the  oil 
side  or  the  Nile,  to  the  west,  by  the  order  ■ 
instructions  of  Omar-ben-Alkhattab.  Meiu 
possesses  many  intereeting  antiquities  s 
ruins,  which  were  worked  in  the  rock,  i 
which  have  been  hewn  and  converted  ii 
different  figures.  They  are  painted  in  gn 
and  other  colours,  which  have  oonMrvsd  ik 


(418) 


biHiiocy  19  to  the  present  time,  and  haTe  not 
been  affected  by  toe  ion  dozing  bo  many 


Ofltenea. 


iL^  minfiikj  A  pair  of  bellows. 
tnafatih,  part.  Open  (door). 


^ nfatH,  part.  Split,  broken,  cleft. 

jiiu  mmfidU,  Twisted  (rope). 
j^  M^akk,  A  pair  of  bellows. 
JAL9  mtnfadi,  part.  Bedeemed. 

iLf  tmfa,  A  place  through  which 
Bf^  pasBes  or  penetretee ;  a  hole.     A 

^Jjt  mmfarij,  part.   Tranqnil,  con- 
Wed,  bppj,  free  from  grief  or  caie. 
>.y^  mn/tfiil,  part.  See  JyCS,  Simple, 

alai^6o]itBi7,singalar,iiniqne.  \t}jAi>^ 
Sepntely,  mlely.    Smgly.  [dispeceed. 

J/^mn/drt^  part.  Distinct,  separate, 
^/^x^  manfas,  A  vent,  a  breathing  hole. 

^^mmfuikh,  part.Dis8olYed,  broken. 

^^  mtnfygid,  part.  Cormpted. 

u^  imtii/aM?,  part.  Separated,  dis- 
mt^  digoined,  distinct. 

*bLi  mmfiumy  part  Broken,  with  a 
■Efttatkn  of  parti,  dashed  to  pieces. 

r^  mmfadih,  part.  Detected  in  vil- 

'^ttd  ej^oeed  to  reproach,  rendered  igno- 
sawia  [does  good. 


mrn^,  Usefoli  anything  which 

* 

<«i^  sum/S^o^,  Use,    utility,  interest, 
f^  gain,  adrantBgo. 

Jtt^  mmfi^H,  part.  Disturbed,  afflicted, 
*^icrd.   Made,  performed,  done. 

« 

0^  mmfik,  part.  Expending  money 
(^  ny  peiBOii  or  thing). 

^^^  munfai^  Dislocated,  remoyed 
fattaplaoe;  separate,  distmet;  alienated. 

if^manf&Jsh,  Inflated,  tumid,  swelled 

»*el»ay.  [horred. 

J^nanfir,  Held  in  detestation,  ab- 
manfiuhf   Separated,   carded 


•    * 

s/f^  numfud.  Shaken ;  concusised. 

■ 

f^  "mh/Umr,  part.  Conceived,  under- 
Aood. 


^Jc^  manfl   (fern.   f<i:^)»  Negadve. 
Bepolsed,  rejected,  thrown  aside ;  banished. 

J\m^  mtmk&d,  part  Obedient^submissiye. 
j\k^  minkdr,  The  beak  of  a  bird. 
^U;^  tninkdsh,  Pincers,  tweezers. 

LS:^  mankahat  (pi.  l^L«  mandh%b\ 
Any  praiseworthy  trait  of  character.     An 

anecdote,     ii^y^jts^  iJ^:>^j^\  OMobr 

titankabah  mMMmwUhj  Patience  is  an  excellent 
quality. 

^^d*A:i.^mttnitaM7,Eetracted.  Contracted 

within  itself.    Constipated.    Bestrained,  con- 
strained, bound. 

Jc^Ai^  munkaiil,  part.  Slain,  killed. 

^^^  munakkah,  Eeyised,  purged  of  de- 
fects (a  writing).    .  [deemer. 

JM^  munkn,  part.  Liberating.     A  re- 

ijOjii^  munkarid^  Extinct  (a  lineage, 

dynasty).  [parts. 

ff*JL^  munhoiimj    part.  Divided  into 

^/uJu^  munakkMhy  Painted,  embroidered. 

jiih>^  munkathir,  part.  Peeled,  skinned, 
barked. 

^,Q.flfl>,>#  munkatif,  part  Broken. 

^■S'>  ^  munkiuim,  part  Broken  to  pieces, 
separated.  [pleted. 

^nnh^  munkadl,  part  Finished,  oom- 

hh^  munakkat,   Marked   with  points. 
Spotted,  dotted. 

^Vi«v^  munkaU^,  part.  Broken  (rope). 
Jilx^  munkaJU,  part  (A  gate)  locked. 

j\j  Ji:^  manghal  ndr  (Turkish  used 

in  Arabic),  A  chafing-diBh  for  warming  apart- 
ments with  charcoal. 


b^f  munkalib,  part.  Turned,  changed, 
converted,  perverted,  inverted,  averted. 

jlfti-*  munkali^  part  Tom  out  or  up, 
removed  from  its  place,  extracted. 

<di:^  minkaia,  A  sector  (mathematical 
instrument). 

^^M^  munkami^  part.  Subdued,  tamed, 
subjected. 


mank^hy  Bored,  hollowed,  dug. 
^f:^  mankush  (fern,  iijiu^),  Carved, 
painted,  embroidered.    ^\  \^ssj\  jj 


(414) 


^•V^  iuJ\^  j^y  ciJLsJl  j^Jls^I 

J^sll  fV^'  -^^  ^^^^  passed  thence 

to  the  third  chamber,  in  which  they  found 
dosets  having  upon  their  doors  closed  locks, 
and  oyer  them  were  cnrtains  worked  with 
▼arions  kinds  of  embroidery. 

tjAi^  mankat,  Spotted,  dotted. 

c^a:^  manj^u^y  Soaked,  steeped  in  water. 

J^Ai^  mankiil,  Said,  narrated,  recoanted. 

Copied.  Carried ;  or  that  which  can  be  carried 
from  one  place  to  another. 

fJ:^  matiakl^,  part.  act.  One  who  cleans 
"com.    Munakka\  Cleaned,  purged,  purified. 

mankib,  The  shoulder,  also  that 


part  of  the  arm  next  to  it.    jjb  U*  tiJ 

K^SuAi\  ^\^  ^Ul  Jijh  ^jMi\,  And 

while  they  were  engaged  in  the  game,  she 
cast  a  glance,  and  beheld  among  the  soldiers 
a  young  man,  than  whom  there  was  none  more 
handsome  in  aspect,  nor  any  more  beautifol 
in  appearance,  bright  in  countenance,  with 
laugmng  teeth,  tall,  and  wide-shoiUdo^ 

jL^  munkir,  part.  act.  Denying,  reject- 
ing, disapproying,  repudiating,  takii^  ill,  being 
disobliged,  having  no  conndenoe  in  another, 
not  belieying  what  he  professes.  Munkar, 
part.  pass.  Denied,  not  acknowledged,  dis- 
owned, unknown.     Ungrateful,  wicked,  in- 

iqoitous.  Iniquity.  jSj^^^^  Munkir 

wa  NahiVf  The  respective  names  of  the  two 
questioning  angels  who  visit  the  dead. 

C^l^Kj^^   munkaraif  Bad,  reprovable, 
wicked  actions. 

^jS:^  munakkaSf  part.  pass.  Inverse, 
having  the  head  inverted,  c^jtji  lOV  J 

Then  putting  himself  in  a  respectful  posture, 
he  saluted  the  assembly,  prayed  for  them,  and 
kissed  the  ground  before  them  |  after  which  he 
stood,  hanging  down  his  head  m  humility. 


munkastr,  part.  Broken,  fragile ; 
fnul.    Put  to  flight  (as  an  enemy).  I 


jxA\  iL^,  She  then  said^  I  went 

yesterday  to  the  young  lady,  and  when  she 
beheld  me,  with  broken  heart  and  weeping 
eye,  she  said  to  me,  0  my  aunt,  wherefore  do 
I  see  thee  with  oontractea  heart  P 

jL^  munka8if,  part.  Eclipsed  or  ob- 


i  Mkh  •  I 


Bcured  by  clouds  (as  the  sun  or  moon). 

^mJiuS:^  munkashif,  part.  Discovered, 
uncovered,  revealed,  detected,  published,  dis- 
played. [A  press. 

^Ux:m«  mangh&ne,  A  blacksmith's  vice. 

^yL^  tnanknh,  part.  Afflicted,mi8erable. 

j^Jn^  tnankur,  Denied. 

{ju^^x^  mankm  (fem.i^^^ii^),  Inverted, 
perverted,  preposlferous. 

menu,  Menu,  a  Hindoo  legislator, 

and  the  supposed  author  of  a  code  of  laws  and 
morality.  This  vast  work,  which  is  still  ex- 
tant, is  written  in  verse  and  in  the  Sanskrit 
language.  Sir  William  Jones  translated  it 
into  English,  in  1796.  The  Hindoos  consider 
Menu  as  the  son  of  Brahma,  and  the  first 
created  man.  There  is  no  authentic  date  to 
be  assigned  for  his  birth ;  but  the  code  which 
is  attributed  to  him  is  considered  to  be  older 
than  the  Yedas,  which  latter  were  composed 
about  the  11th  or  12th  century  b.c. 

Jt^w^  mantodl,  A  mode,  manner,  rule, 
form,  constitution,  disposition,  frame,  texture. 
Jl^:i.«!1  \  jjb  ^^^,  In  this  manner,  ac- 
cording to  the  rule. 

iy^^  manwat,  Desire ;  a  wished  for  object. 

jy^  munnawir,  part.  act.  One  who  illus- 
trates ;  that  which  illuminates.  Munatowar, 
part.  pass.  Illustrated,  illuminated,  dear, 
splendid,  bright    Elucidated. 

]ff^  manutf  Dependent,  &stened,  bound, 
belonging  to,  attached,  tied. 

ic»^  mink,  From  him,  from  it.  Ifi^ 
mt'fiAa,  Fom  her,  from  it 

-ppl^:^^  mtnhqff  A  patent  road,  or  wide 
^street ;  a  highway. 

]fluf»*«  munhahit,  part.  Depressed,  de- 
scending, falling.  [virgin. 

tl^'*|;^  munhatiky  part.  Tom;  vitiated 
-^#*^  manhajf  Way,  manner. 
J  j^^  munhadir,  part.  Baining  heavily. 


d^ 


(415) 


sumjIa^,  part.  Demoliahedy  de- 

tizvred. 

hf^  m«ibN0i,  Pot  to  flight,  nmniiig 
anj,  dinomilted  in  battle. 

MfxIwAfflt,  part.  Broken. 
vmka/^y  part  Well-digested. 

I 

^f«euii^,  A  foantain,  a  spring,  a 

jPfBd  ia  the  acoimten  of  that  sort  of  war- 
^  vbik  I  ioTwted  m  jMlf  with  its  distinc- 
Itre  kige^  tsd  adopted  its  symbol  as  my 
^0o«atioDs;  peroeiTing  it  to  be  a  merchaa- 
ie  thit  nerer  £ula,  a  fountain  that  is  nerer 
^  !{>,  ud  a  hunp  to  wbicli  all  mankind 
a^t  raort,  and  whereby  the  blind  of  every 
MR  aigbt  be  enlightened. 

|iH  mntoitt,  Marked  with  lamM  ('). 
^)H"Mil«i,  Taken  asplonder,  plan- 


U«f«  fkw^mxk  (fern.  iL^^  mtf»- 
'MtioA],  Aflsidnons,  addicted.  (j^3\^* 


jl 


5^  the  dani^hter  of  that  king  lored  that 
1^  She  frequently  adored  it,  and  was  as- 
■Bow  in  \a  wonhip  of  it. 

^f^  MnAf,  Forbidden,  prohibited. 
^>^  MMAiya^  (pi.  fern.),  XJnlaw- 
^togs.      j^  mmhl^  One  who 

yr«»«l  (pL  ^j^  mtrnt),  Spermageni- 

h'   '  •  • 

"'■.^mtmnlieris}. 
V^flfliya^,  Sperma  genitale.    Mimyai 

•^  ^)»  ^  ^i»h,  desire. 

^  "**y<<  (pL  ^lv«  fMM&yi),  Death. 

S-«  JCi « ^^Ul^  XioU)  ^J, 


"  ^  ^ 

*  U1^,  Grieve  not  on  account  of  noc- 
turnal calamities,  since  eyery  affliction  will 
haye  its  final  end.  And  he  whose  death  ia 
decreed  to  take  place  in  one  land,  will  not  die 
in  any  but  that  land.  Send  not  thy  messenger 
on  a  commission  of  great  importance ;  for  the 
sonl  has  no  faithfiil  minister  save  itself. 

munlr  (fern.  lj^\  Shining,  splen- 
did, illuminating,  illustriona. 

man\^  Inaccessible,  impenetrable, 
impreg^ble.  [incomparable,  noble. 

munlfy  Eminent,  exalted,  sublime, 

\y  Jfadh  {Mcodfi  in  Greek),  of  the 
Father.      The  son   of  Lot   by  his   eldest 

daughter :  the  father  of  the  Koabites. 

i^yj^^y  tnuw&hiifUn,  obi.  ^^^tii^y  mw- 

wiblymj  The  posterity  of  Moab,  who  dwelt  to 
the  east  of  the  Dead  Sea,  on  the  river  Amon. 

i\j\^   mudidt,    Consenting,    agreeing, 
stipulating. 

(ji\y  muwdsik,  Confederated. 

(J^^y  mawdslk  (pi.  of  ^^^*^),  Agree- 
ments, confederacies,  pactions,  compacts. 

\y^^  maietvdj,  Stormy,  tempestuous. 
Wayes. 

„^^\y9  mawdjib  (pi.  of  l^^^c^j^  mmO" 
Jab) J  Causes,  objects,  necessities. 

\y  muwdjahat,  Presence,  appearance, 

meeting  face  to  face,  coming  before  (another) ; 
beholding,  confronting;    conferring;  laying. 

i^\y   muwdjahatan  or  i^^\yii\) 
ba*l  muwqfahah.  Before,  in  presence  of. 

Slfi^f^  mudkhdt,  Fraternity,  brotherly 
loye. 

ij^\y^  mudkha»at,  Blaming,  reproach- 
ing. J^  J^^V  ^^^  ^^  ^  J^ 

<UJ1,  c-^jSI  Uj  J^1\,   And  he 


^ 


said,  I  entreat  thee  hj  God  that  .thou  be  not 
angry  with  me ;  for  nitigae  and  trouble,  and 
paucity  of  what  the  hand  possesses,  teach 

a  man  ill  manners  and  impertinence. 


2fJali,., 


*^- 


jf  \jii 


X 


Be  kind  enough  as  to  excuse  me ;  I  haye  wearied 
thee  to  no  purpose. 


I 


(416) 


\, 


jr^  ij^  mualharai,  Postponing!  delaying. 
j\yi  mawdd  (pi.  of  ij\^),  liatten,  ar- 

gaments,  points,  articles.   ^^\  i^\y, 
Articles  of  peace. 

t^j^y^  mawdrid  (pL  of  *^jy)t  Passes, 

entrances*     J^Ijl^j  ^J^y^  TaaaagGs, 
entnnoes  and  exits,  ingress  and  egresi. 

^j\y    fMwdmeh,    or    more    properly 

^j^UIl  ^Uall  tUtdyfiU  alm&romijfah, 

The  Maronites,  or  the  nation  of  the  Maronites. 
This  powerful  nation,  inhabiting  a  ^reat  part 
of  Monnt  Lebanon,  may  be  oonsiderea  as 
diTided  into  two  classes— the  people  and  the 
shaikhs,  bj  which  must  be  nnderstood  the  most 
eminent  of  the  inhabitants,  who,  from  tiie 
antiquity  of  their  families,  and  the  opulence  of 
their  fortunes,  are  superior  to  the  common 
daas.  They  all  li?e  mspersed  in  the  moun- 
tains in  Tillages,  hamlets,  and  CTen  detached 
houses,  which  is  never  the  case  in  the  plains. 
The  whole  nation  oonsists  of  cultivators. 
Every  man  improyes  the  littie  domain  he 
possesses,  or  farms  with  his  own  huids.  They 
all  live  finely,  without  many  enjoyments, 
but  also  with  few  wants.  Property  is  as 
sacred  among  them  as  in  Europe ;  nor  do  we 
see  there  those  robberies  and  extortions  so 
frequent  in  the  plains.  The  Maronites  are 
dependent  on  Borne.  Though  they  acknow- 
ledge the  supremacy  of  the  Pope,  their  clergy 
continue  to  elect  a  head  wita  the  tide  of 
Batrak  or  Patriarch  of  Antioch.  Their  priests 
marry,  as  in  the  first  ages  of  the  Church ;  but 
their  wives  must  be  maidens,  and  not  widows, 
nor  can  they  marry  a  second  time.  They 
celebrate  mass  in  Syriac.  The  Gospel  alone 
is  read  aloud  in  Arabic  They  are  governed 
by  a  Kaimmakam  of  their  own  nation,  who 
depends  on  the  Pasha  of  Beirut. 

Sljl^'  mudsdt,  Being  parallel,  opposite 
to,  equidistant  firom ;  proportioned,  equal  to. 

^J^y  muwdtanat.  An  equilibrium.  Com- 
paring (two  things),  making  equal;  being 
equivalent  or  opposite  to,  corresponding  with. 

k^j^y   tnudzi,   Parallel,   being  exactly 

opposite  to,   and  resembling   one   another. 
Equal,  nearly,  about 

^jl^  tnawdzJn  (pL  of  ^]j-^),  Balances, 
measures,  weights. 

i\^\y  muwdssdt,  Kindness. 

^^^y  fnawdshl  (pi.  of  JL&U),  Quad- 
"rapeds,  especially  camels,  sheep,  cows,  calves, 

and  other  similar  cattle.    ^;\^U  Ui^li 


we  ate  what  food  we  had  in  our  dveUiafi 
and  after  that  we  fell  upon  the  beasts  lai  &| 
^  them,  and  there  remained  nothing. 

iSMfi\y  muwdtalat,  Conjunction,  adb^ 

sion,  copulation,  enjoyment.  Being  eonstia*J 
with  another;  enjoying  a  beloved  object  A 
tainment 

^^^y  mawddi^  (pi.  of  ^^y\  Plsci 

^J^^y  mawdtin  (pi.  ot^Jiffy)^  Conntrii 
native  dwellings,  habitations. 

i^^\y    muwdtih,    Assiduous,    pen 

Tering.      ^^y   mwcdwiham,  Asadi 

onsly,  continuaUy.  l^\ynmcdMh^ 
To  attend  with  great  perseverance  and  at»^ 

nity.     \impji    Ji^  y^^Wy  UaJ  du^i 

nuwdab  ^Mla*  fanUmOj  Let  us  sttead  to  ui 
duties  with  perseverance  and  asaduity. 

iOkC^y  muwd^adat,  Promising,  plightit 
faith,  appointing  time  and  place. 

]ae\y  mawd^  (pi.  of  lia^y),  Advice 
exhortations,     sermons.        jj  la^^ 

t,.^»j>H  nunod^ttffim  esauUM,  Sermoi 
of  St.  John  Chiysostom.  ^\i  i^j^ 

ija*i*^  ^LJl\}  \f^^j^  «xi^  d^UL^I^ 

jyJiS^  ^^i\^  i^\y1\  2fiA  ^^  I  sua 

moned  a  writer,  and  ordered  him  to  write  tbr 
verses  and  admonitions  and  lessons,  and  eiii» 
them  to  be  engraved  upon  these  doon  u 
tables  and  tombs. 

JucL^  mawd^d^  Promises. 

^^y  muwdfih,  part.  Consentiog,  agre 

ing,  approving,  conformable,  eonsonmot,  ro 
gruous,  apt,  expedient.     Prosperous,  fsTo-j 

able,  propitious.      lAi\y  mUwd/aka 

analogy.    J^  U    Jx  CiUiU  uvaj 

Conformity,  agreement,  concordance,  con 
spondence,  consent,  sympathy,  unaaimii 
kak  ^M  ma  takuly  I  agree  to  what  you  sa 

^^y  tnawdki^  (pi.  of  ^y)t  Occu 
rences,  contingencies,  accidents. 

c^f^     mawdkib,     Troops,     soldier 
legions,  armies.  [t:^ 

ii\y  muwdldt,  Priendship,  lore,  affr 


oy 


(417) 


cr* 


(J!^  M<2iM^  Bflbg  pofidiona,  nn- 

u.y  mi^/Sii;  Being  aoeuatoiiied,  etc. 
jU«««ft,(pL  of   J^),  Lorda, 

jy  MtfdA,  Those  tribes  of  Bedouins 

*vfco  eocainp  in  the  plains  sitiuted  between 
%ood  BunaKiuL  Tlra  MawftK  an  the 
■OB  poverM  and  the  richest  among  the 
^  « tbej  pay  lome  attention  to  ligricnl- 
tare,  iid  pariike  in  the  trade  of  the  oaraTans 
Tb(i|o  from  Aiq»po  to  the  other  parts  of 

•^>«  MwdUd  (pi.  of  J^^  mawM^, 

%ioou;  in  jjl^  2]bS1  atUhdUtihal 

^M,  The  tfaiee  kingdoms  of  nature, — 
KKal»  legetable,  and  animaL 

y  M  wiamarsi^  Gonsiiltiiig,  adTising. 
Lr*  V«  widiMi,  Familiar.     See  ^^--j  U 

^>iMaiufg#,  Costom,  ^milisritj, 

iBieto,  iitjiaaej,  eompaaionship. 

t^^Mvas^,  Impediments,  obstacles. 
^' v»  MvdAt»,  Gifts.    Ditches. 
»?H  flMfijni  (pi.  5 j5U),  Tables,  espe- 

^7  eofered  with  meats. 

»fr  ••■**W,  Eternal,  perpetual. 

^r  ««^i  Death;  to  die.     ^  ^^\ 

0^'  uT*  V^  ^  ^''*'*  ihiZ/f<At»iri  md- 
<•«>  <i(r»t,  All  the  people  hare  died  with 

^"^'''^i,  To  be  ignorant  is  death  to  the 

J|«tt of  AdtB,  how  carelen  art  thon  of  the 
^wtieh  »  before  thee  (which  thon  mnst 
^J^-  Thy  jMTi  and  age  hsTe  diTerted 
■««  Hob  pajng  to  this  important  aflair  an  J 


•'  U**^  i.i^  Vi 


attention.  Knowett  thon  not  that  the  cup  of 
death  will  be  filled  for  thee,  and  that  m  a 
short  time  thon  wilt  drink  it  P  Look,  then, 
to  thyself  befine  entering  thy  gra^e.  Where 
are  uose  who  posMMea  the  oonntriea,  and 
abased  the  peoples  of  the  earth,  and  led 
armies  P  (I  take  Ood  to  witneis)  that  the 
terminator  of  delights,  the  separator  of  eom- 
')ns,  and   the  devastator  of  flourishing 


wellings,  has  alighted  against  them,  and  has 
transported  them  m>m  the  amplitude  of  palaces 
to  the  straitness  of  the  grave. 

mu-utajiTf  part.  Mercenarj,  hired. 

^j^y  mu'Utamin,  part  act  Trusting  to, 

confiding  in,  detolring  one's  affairs  to  the 
management  of  another.  Mu-utaman^  part 
pass.  A  cnrator,  any  penon  trusted,  in  wnom 
one  is  safe  and  secure. 

(J^  mawta\  Deceased,  the  dead. 

j)y  mu-asir,  part.  Preferring,  choosing. 

jy^  mawiHk,  Belied  upon. 

mawf,  A  wave,  surge,  billow. 

>-y0  m€Ljib,  part.  Motiye.  Causing, 
requiring.  A  cause,  c^^^^^^^f^  J^«^ 
L^\ipi\,  A  good  action,  worthy  of  a 
reward.    ii^Uj)!  f^.^^^^.  Causing  a 

diabetes.  l.;..a9»»-^  lb,  Without  a  cause. 

jLs»-^  mujibdt  (pi.  fern,  of  w^j^)> 
Causes. 


mUjid,  An  inyentor. 

tnnjir,  Hiring,   lettbg  to  farm, 
renting. 

mflfos,  A  compendium,  epitome. 

i^y  mnajfal,  Postponed,  deferred  to  a 
certain  time. 

^^y  wil/i^,  Painful  (blow,  etc.). 

*^^y  fnawfud  (pi.  cutjy^^).  Pound. 
Present,    existing,    standing    before. 

LZj\t}^y9  mawfuddt,  Creatures,  ex- 
istences, beings.    Things  present. 

mutcahhid,  part  Professing  that 


there  is  one  (God).    A  unitarian,  a  Muham- 
medan. 

^Jiu>-y  muhish,   Dismal,  causing  sad- 
ness, afflicting.  Ui  Jjj  ^^^i>-yblt  Ji 

27 


jy 


(418) 


u^y* 


But  I  was  not  aware  when  there  alighted 
among  lu  the  terminator  of  delights,  the 
separator  of  companions,  the  desolator  of 
alM)de8,  the  ravager  of  inhabited  mansions, 
and  the  destroyer  of  the  great  and  the  small, 
and  the  infants,  children,  and  mothers. 

J^^  mawhil,  Thin  clay;  or  a  place 
full  of  it.  [seized. 

J^^    mu-akhkhasLf    Taken,    snatched, 

js>-y*  mu-akhkhar  (fern,  ir^j^),  Poste- 
rior, conseqaent. 

c^  Jj/t  mu-addib,  part.  Chastising,  chid- 
ing. Teaching  the  belles  lettres,  educating 
well.    An  instructor,  teacher,  preceptor.    In- 

yiting  to  an  entertainment.  JU  >xi^ 
JjJu2i  L-  iw.^  si^  <— >Jv»H  CJ,J  ^^Sj^\ 


the  wise  man  hath  said.  The  beating  inflicted 
by  the  preceptor  is  at  first  eitremely  grierous : 
bnt  in  the  end  it  is  sweeter  than  clarifiea 
honey. 

c^j^  mU'Oddahf  part.  pass.  Well-bred, 
le^umed,  polite,  ciril,  modest,  courteous. 

»Jy  niawadiat,  Eriendship,  love,  be- 
nevolence. A  friendly  and  affectionate  at- 
tachment. 

c^Jy«  matodu^,  Leftin  charge,  entrusted. 

k^^y  mutpoddl,  That  which  causes, 
brings  about. 

^Jj^  mu-auin,  part.  The  public  crier, 

who  assembles  the  people  to  prayers  by  pro- 
clamation from  a  minaret  or  tower  of  a  mosque. 

i^*^y  tnutl,  Noxious,  troublesome,  im- 
portunate, vexatious,  hurtful,  pernicious. 

C^^  miiris,  part.  Making  a  person  an 
heir.    A  cause. 

fJ^  mu-omM,  An  historian,  a  chrono- 
logist,  chronicler.  Mu-arrakh,  Dated,  bearing 

the  date.  \^jy  mu'-arrakhan,  ad. 
Bearing  the  date. 

tHjy  nuHvrid,  A  place  whence  one  comes, 

or  through  which  he  passes.  Access,  entrance, 
passage,  approach.  A  station,  quarters.  A 
road  to  water. 

f^jy  muwarramf  Swollen. 

ktJ^jy  matcrui,  Hereditary,  possessed 

by  paternal  succession,  i^jjy^  J^y 
Hereditary  wealth,  patrimony. 


t^jjy   mawrai,    Belated,    recited,  re- 
counted, [fruit. 

jy  mmo%j  mug,  The  banana  or  plantain 

fjy  tnuwaxU^  part.  act.  A  divider, 
distributor.    Muwaua^f  part  pass.  Dirided. 
UX)y*  f'^^'^^^^f  Weighed. 
ir*y  fnHif  A  razor. 
^y  muaikh,  part.  Soiling,     'f^y  m^* 

woitakh^  Dirtied. 
^^»t^y  mu-asM,  A  founder. 

^jM^y  mthoasat,  Founded. 

dt^y  mawsim,  Time,  season.     Mutim, 
An  Arabian  fair  or  market  [dous. 

{jMyy  muwaawaSf  Mfstrustful,  suspi- 

(^yy  mawium^   Harked,   signed,  im- 
pressed. 

ijyy  i^fi<at(7f.  Mosaic,  belonging  to 
Moses,    j^  ^\  y^yt  Musa,  Ibn- 


NoBseyr,  a  famous  Arab  conqueror,  who,  in 
707,  was  nominated  eovemor  of  Mauritania, 
and  who  quickly  reauced  the  whole  of  the 
tribes  inhaoiting  the  northern  shores  of  Africa. 
In  710  he  landed  in  Spain  with  a  small  army, 
and,  after  some  successes,  returned  to  Africa 
laden  with  spoil.    In  the  following  year  he 
despatched  his  subordinate,  Tarik,  into  Spain. 
The  latter  defeated  and  killed  Roderick,  the 
Grothic  king,  and  pushed  his  victorious  arms 
as  far  as  the  rich  city 'of  Toledo,  which  he 
plundered.    Musa,  unwilling  to  allow  so  much 
glory  and  wealth  to  fall  to  the  share  of  his 
lieutenant,  put  himself  at  the  head  of  18,000 
men,  with  whom  he  landed  at  Algesiras,  in 
712.  He  rapidly  reduced  Seville,  Beja,  Merida, 
and  marched  upon  Toledo,  where  he  met  Tarik, 
whom  he  caused  to  be  beaten  and  thrown  into 
prison.      Tarik  was,  however,  subsequently 
restored  to  his  command  by  the  Caliph  Al- 
Walid;  whereupon  he  overran  Spain  in  an 
easterly  direction.    Musa,  on  the  other  hand, 
pursued  a  northerly  course,  and  took  Salamanca 
and  other  considerable  cities.    The  two  Arab 
generals  quickly  reduced  the  whole  of  Spain, 
and  were  summoned  to  Syria  by  the  Caliph 
Al-Walid.    Tarik  obeyed  instantly;    but    it 
was  not  until  a  second  messenger  had  been 
despatched  to  Musa  that  he  turned  eastward. 
He  arrived  in  Syria  at  the  beginning  of  7 Id, 
accompanied  by  thousands  of  captives,  among 
whom  were  four   hundred   of   the  Spanish 
nobility,  and  with  a  long  train  of  camels  laden 
with  spoiL    The  Caliph  received  him  coldly  ; 
and  upon  his  death  shortly  afterwards,  Suley- 
man,  his  successor,  cast  Musa  i&to  prison,  and 
fined  him  200,000  pieces  of  pold.    One  of  his 
sons  was  also  put  to  deato,  and  his   head 
brought  to  Musa  by  Suleyman  himself,  who 


i>»r« 


(419) 


isked  iiim  if  he  knew  it  Upon  which  the 
aflieted  jHrent  replied,  *^Cmod  he  he  who 
htt  iluo  a  better  man  thin  himeelt"  Kosa 
diediDpofertf,  717;  b.  640. 


j'i^y  mMidr,  A  kind  of  musical  in- 

ABBol^  t  Pudean  pipe ;  a  fahnloae  rfmfii^l 

bird;  Buse;  e  mnsieun. 

^.iM  mWioA,  Mosic  as  a  science. 

(^^  wmathihah  (fcm.  isAy^),  part, 

Wsro^  anjthiBg,  e^eciaUy  ohUqnely,  as  a 
xaf  ra  the  shoolder  to  the  opposite  side. 

JrfM  K&nl,  A  carrier,  bearer.    CL^^ 

iid  I  meditated  i^n  some  means  of  eaining 
flitnsee  ioto  it  The  dose  of  the  day  rad 
t^  NttiBj  of  the  sun  had  now  drawn  near. 

i^M  JfiiM/,  Hie  name  of  a  city  of 

isiadcTorkey,  paahalic  of  Bagdad,  situated 
atbe W.  bsnk  of  the  Tigris,  opposite  to  the 
^  vboe  Xinereh,  the  capital  of  the  first 
^^jna  empire,  was  si^iposed  to  have  stood. 
hf.  estimated  at  35»000,  of  whom  about  9000 
m  nuisdaoi,  1500  Jews,  and  the  rest  Arabs, 
^b,  and  Kurds.  The  city  is  so  near  the 
^  of  the  riTer,  that  its  streets  are  often 
uoddd;  aid,  like  almost  erery  other  town  in 
Tsrkej  aad  Penia^  it  is  in  a  declining  state, 
ttvalla  beini^  broken  down,  and  its  best 
oimap  cnunbling  into  ruins.  It  has  seven 
P^\  >nd  the  castle,  now  in  ruins,  occupies 
tSBiQ  aitifietal  island  in  the  Tigris.  Mosul 
s  ada  the  separate  jurisdiction  of  a  pasha. 
It&nneri^  had  a  large  caroyan  trade  with  all 
^  of  Asia,  but  has  lost  much  of  its  com- 
setial  importance ;  it  still,  howerer,  carries 
«  1  tnfliB|  trade  with  Bagdad  and  Asia 
*^,  to  the  former  of  which  it  sends,  on 
p^  down  the  Tigris,  gall-nnts  and  copper 
^  KiBdistan  and  Annenia,  receiring  in 
''^  Indiao  Gommoditiee,  afterwards  for- 
»«M  to  Diafbekir,  Orfa,  Tokat  and  Aleppo. 
Iti  oaly  Bsnnfactnre  is  that  of  coarse  blue 
w^  ctethi,  used  by  the  lower  orders  of  the 
J^<^>tioQ.  The  climate  is  proTerbiallyh^thy, 
|w^&Ter^  temperature  of  summer  not  ex- 
*Jag  6<r  Pahr. ;  but  in  spring,  during  the 
•Bodi  of  the  Tigris,  epidemics  are  common, 
^h  not  often  fatal.  Sereral  sulphur 
^^  tre  found  within  a  short  distance  of 
Be  tows,  tad  are  mnoh  resorted  to  for  the 
^cff  cotaaeoas  diseases.  The  geological 
*^jon  of  its  immediate  ricinity  consists, 
'*(^n%  to  Ainsworth,  of  solid  beds  of  mas- 
**t  compact  and  granular  calcareous  gypsum, 
■^  ia  hcmzontal  strata,  not  foasOiferous, 
»*  buush-white  colour,  and  eztensiyely  qnar- 
ned  as  marble.  Superimposed  on  the  gypsum 
"  »  Uiitt  formation  of  a  friable  limestone, 
[^(uog  ifl  ahells,  and  forming  the  common 
Jading  itoDs  of  Mosnl,  as  it  probably  also 
'f'^*^  that  of  the  ancient  Kinefeh. 


cr' 


mawiUff  Praised,    celebrated, 

commendable,  laudable,  endowed,  qualified, 
described.  [Attained,  collected. 

J^yt  mawsUl,  Joined,  coupled,  arrived. 
^j^y  muwasal,  part.  Making  a  testa- 

ment,  bequeathing.  A  testator.  ^<^^ 
muwaua\  Commanded  by  last  will.      ^ 

-f^y  mUdih,  part.  Explaining,  mani- 
festing. 

^yt  mutMddah,  Clear,  evident,  explicit, 
^li^  fliaur<20^,  A  place,  position.  ^^ 

Uff  jU  ^^Jx-  Ujj  Uf^,  The  King  then 

went  forth  to  chase  and  hunt;  and  ordered 
his  two  sons  to  sit  in  his  place  to  administer 
justice,  each  of  them  for  one  day  at  a  time, 
according  to  their  custom. 

^j^y  mawdii^  (fern,  loyay),  Placed, 
situated,  deposited.  The  subject  (of  a  speech), 

an  object.  Aji\  f  ^^,  The  object 
of  science.         *         ^ 

U?^  mawtd  and  ^Joy*,  A  footstep,  the 
print  of  a  foot    A  footstool. 

^y  fnawtin,  A  habitation,  mansion, 
place  of  residence,  house. 

f,mJ^y  muwaua/f  Salaried,  paid,  pen- 
sioned, [place  of  a  promise. 
S£y^  tnaw^,  A  promise ;  the  time  or 
^U&e^  maw^izai,  An  advice,  admonition. 

Jyt^    maw^,    Premised,    predicted, 
predestined. 

jiy    tmmaffar,    Luxuriant,    plentiful, 

redundant,  impossible  to  be  collected.  Abun- 
dant, copious.  [ing,  seconding. 

(J^y  muwaffik,  part.  Directing,  prosper- 

j^^  maw/Ur,  Complete,  perfect,  entire, 

Inzuriant  copious,  full,  numerous,  many, 
abundant,  plentiful. 

Liy  mawfiyat,  The  city  of  Medina. 

^^z^y  muwakkat,  Fixed  or  restricted  to 

a  oertain  definite  time.  Muwakkit,  A  person 
in  the  Muhammadan  mosques,  who  obserres 
the  exact  hour  when  the  people  are  to  be 
assembled  to  prayers,  and  gires  notioe  accord- 
^  ingly  to  the  crier.  L™"Jyf  prorisional. 

Ii5^  muwakhatanf  Ad  interim,  tem'^ 


J>^ 


(420) 


ur* 


diy  maufkad,  A  fire  hearth,  a  grate. 

yy  muwakkaTf  Honoured,  held  in  honour. 
Stately,  grave. 

^y«  tnawka^f  An  accident,  contingency, 
oocuTFenoe.    A  place  where  anything  falls. 

Jyy«  mawkud,  Lighted,  set  fire  to, 
burning. 

cJyi^  tnawknf,  Left  or  bequeathed  for 

pious  HBee,  conflecrated  to  God.  A  legncy,  a 
beqaest  EttaUiBhed,  determined,  fixod,  sup- 
ported. BeloDflinff  or  restricted  to,  dependent 
npoH.    Belayed,  cfoferred,  pat  off,  suspended. 

**^y  HMwhdb  (pi.  L^\y\  An  army, 

forces,  a  large  detachment,  either  of  horse  or 
foot ;  life-guai^ ;  a  large  oayalcade,  riding 
especially  on  camels. 

S^y  mu^kkid,  part.Gonfirming,  strength- 
ening, binding  close,  connecting.  Redoubling, 
reiterating.  Mu-akkad,  Confirmed,  corrobo- 
hited ;  recUmbled ;  efficacious,  ponrerftd,  strong. 

^^y  mwcdkkU,  part.  One  who  appoints 

a  gnardian.  One  wbo  gites  commission  to 
anotber  to  represent  bim,  to  act  as  bis  attorney 
publicly  and  phTately.  Mmwakkal,  A  giiar- 
dian,  a  oonumssary,  a  superintendent,  a  vice- 
gerent, a  sabstitate.    A  deputy. 

iy  mawid,  for  ijy,  A  judge,  the 
magistrate  of  a  large  city.  A  lord ;  and  some- 
times Omnipotence.  ^ILLJ^  \jiy 
nunolana  m  Sultan,  Oar  Lord  the  Sultan. 


\jl 


htaaraU   mmoldnd,    His 


Holiness  our  Lord.   ^^^) '  ui *^^  J^ 

j'elal  eddm  errumt,  The  founder  of  the  order 
of  Mawlawi  dervisbes. 

*Jy  MoUJth  or  yl^^y  Mohh^  A  god  of 

tbe  Ammonites  and  Pbcenicians.    Some  sup- 
pose him  to  be  Saturn,  or  the  Sun. 

d^y  mawltdf  Nativity.  A  native  country. 

^^yi\  jJ^l  al  rnawUd  unnabawl,  The 

birthday  of  the  prophet  Muhammed  with  Mus- 
sulman. 

ciy  muwaUid,  A  generator.  UStjJ^ 
tnuwallidul-md,  Hydrogen.  o^y 
^yj^\  fnuwaUidul-hum^dah,  Oxygen. 

^y  mUla^f  Wishful,  desirous,  fond  of, 
dedicated  or  addicted  to,  greedy.    Ui 


jlai  l|^  ^y  ^\  J-*  IfCOJ  Jyj 

when  the  Kinff  heard  the  words  of  her  brother 
his  reason  flea  in  consequence  of  his  fear  ]» 
the  damsel  should  accept  the  prononl  of  b€ 
brother,  and  he  could  not  preyent  beri  tlwogi 
he  was  inflamed  with  lore  of  her ;  whenfi 
he  became  perplexed,  in  violent  fesr  of 
separation. 

K^y  mikUfj  Bendering  &miliar,  accni 

toming,    using,    associating.      Funiliarii«j 

(^jJ^  mu-4dUf,  part.  Making  the  nd 

ber  of  1000,  having  completed  ^hat  nnmb^ 

g  two  thin^  together. 

.    Oomposing 
editor. 


Joining  two  thin^  together, 
gether.    Oomposing  a  oook* 


CoUectiiur  t^ 
An  antboir,  \ 

w 


z:M^y  mU'oUafoLt,  GompositiooB,  wrij 

jiy  mu-^ulm,  Melanoholyy  makiog  saJ 
Mmiitm  or  mm-uhmy  Afflieted,  distressed. 

*^jiy  nuuolud,  Bom,  generated,  gir^ 
birth  to.     A  kingdom  in  nature,— miiKr^ 

vegetahle,  or  animal,     id  J|^^  "^ 

ludon~kh.  To  whom  a  child  is  bom;  %im 

s 

\^  i^yy  matDlddan  lehd^  A  mother. 

L^iy  mawiawl,  Judicial,  belonging  < 
a  judge  or  magistrate.  Divine,  religious,  ^ 
longing  to  Gt^  A  dervise,  a  Mnhamsu^ 
monk.  Pertaining  to  the  religions  or^ 
founded  by  Molla  Jelaluddin  ErrumL 

^y  mawU^f  God.      A  king,  prm«j 

sovereign,  lord,  master,  judge,  niagisw*^ 
one  who  liberates. 

J^y  mu-rnnmU,  Hoping,  giving  bopej 
^^y  mH-min,  part.  Believing,  £uthfij 

^^^^^yi\j^\,  The  Commander  of  tl 
FaithfhL  [Above  me&do« 


Sj\ 


i/rr 


mUma*  ilayeh,  Assented  t 


\yy  mUmiyaf  A  mummy. 

djy  mU'tuit,  Provisions.  ^^^jj\  J**' 

UU  \i^y  UjCiA  ^^^  ^  ^tM 

l^Jdcr;^,  So  the  Weezer  agreed  wj 

his  wife  that  he  should  build  there  an  i 
pregnable  palace,  and  place  her  in  it,  afid  | 
with  her  the  provisions  necessary  for  hw  tI 
after  year,  and  place  with  her  aoeh  attends 
as  should  cheer  and  serve  her. 


(421) 


it 


\y%  mr-ONMi^Femiiime  (in  grammar). 

^y%  mtHmna$,  Feminine,  effeminate. 

^^  MiiJNf,  A  oompanioD,  an  intimate 

fnad. 

CJ^  Mumiigif  A  city  in  If  eoopotamia. 
^^1,  Name  of  one  near  Thebes  in 

J«l«  iNi-a/^    J^>^    flNM-MMTtZ,   part. 

Binpag  btek,  de^rLig  to  retam  (to  a  former 
satiGi).  Bfffaring  to  first  principles.  Ex- 
Pfcaip;,  inteipwtingy  dedaoniig.   Institiiting, 

^y  aiiU(|  A  giver,  one  who  makes 
^mvikihy  The  giver  of  every  gift  (God). 

Sy  iMwilaM(pL  i^^.J^1ye)j  A  present. 
M^^  sMNrAa^y  GKven,  j^esented. 
1*^;^    miAk&m,     Imaginedi     fanded, 


^  niHiyii,  part.    CSonfirming,    in- 
ffMBbig  in  itrength,  oorroborathig. 

If  ■*!«,  Wild  cows.   Jj«!*^cu.cu5l<  J 

u-aAJI  J^  ui^l  \i\^  •  ^U^ 

U^Ul  JLl  *  ULU\j^\,  When  she 

Inbdi  apdt,  iha  pntteth  to  shnme  the  wild 
ton  ted  the  gtse^ee ;  and  when  she  walketh 
^  a  TariHuSng  eaity  tiie  willow  branch  is 
^tnm.  When  rae  dispUyeth  her  ooimt»- 
>u«e,  ihe  oonfouiidetii  ^e  sun  and  the  moon, 
iBd  e^TateHi  erery  beholder.  She  is  sweeft- 
iifpsd,  ttd  tender  in  disposition. 

M<f«  *Mto^  Awfnl,  roYered  (man). 

^V*  maksitft^  BeTerenoe,.  fear,  dread. 

JW  «uS>\,  li^l,  liU  Cl<le\  (Ji 


?in 


,^^c; 


» 


L.|1     Ul-Jj     l^    ^Vt^     ^ 


jnriuAfor  my  beloTed;  bni  when  I  beheld 
ouB  I  WIS  eonfonnded,  and  possessed  neither 
I^Bfoeiior  eye.  I  hnng  down  my  head  in 
vntm  sad  RTsreooe,  a^  wonld  have  hidden 
v^Ittt;  hat  it  imSA  oot  be  oono^ed. 


I  had  prepared  a  Tolnme  of  expostnlatioD ; 
but  when  we  met  I  remembered  not  a  word. 

^If^   fmihdjir,   A  fngitiTe,  one  who 
abandons  lus  ooimtry,  especially  on  account  of 


public  calamity  or  persecntion.  ^ 

mmXe^araij  Desertion,  flighty  fljing  from 
oonntry  to  eonntry. 

5\j\^  muhdddt,  Regaling  one  another, 
giving  mutual  presents.     Jj>«fl7  mj 

^J-*^  trf-^  ^^^^  gc^'j  ^-^j^ 

*Lil5  ...l^  U  T^-Mi^,  Then  he  be- 

stowed  alms  and  nfts,  and  made  presents  to 
all  his  fiunilT  and  friends.  He  began  to  eat 
and  drii^  well,  and  wear  handsome  apiMurel, 
and  associated  with  friendi  and  companions, 
and  forgot  all  that  he  bad  enffered. 

ij  jlf«  fnuh&datHii,  A  truce,  peace.  Makiog 
a  peace  or  a  cessation  of  arms. 

jlf«  mihdr  (and  ij^),  Horse  colts. 

ij\^  muhdrat,  Subtlety,  acuteness,  ge« 
nins,  excellence. 

ui3lf«  mahdlik  (pL  of  i^Cif«),  Banger- 

ons  places,  perils,  precipices,  deserts. 
i*tf«  mah&m  (pi.  of  44f«),  Serious  affauns. 

K.4jM'<T^^  (^W^l^i  ^^®  ^^9  however, 

receired  not  his  adrioe,  and  he  retomed  him 
a  ro^gh  answer,  saying  to  him,  Thon  hsst  no 
right  to  speak  on  mattersof  soeh  great  magni- 
tiSie,  and  aflEairs  of  fucfa  immense  importance. 

v_-.|-f  mahab,  A  breathing  hole,  a  vent. 
A  place  whence  or  whither  the  wind  blow^. 

_ss\f«  muMqfl,  part  Reproaching,  rail- 
"  ing  at,  or  satirising  one  another. 

v^JOf^  muhtaH,  Directed,  conducted, 
led  (into  the  way  of  salvation).  One  who  is 
gilided  on  the  road. 

Aif«  muMm,  Solicitous,  anxious,  being 
*  concerned  (for  another).  BoTolying  (anything 
great)  in  the  mind. 

iLfif*  mtshfiUf  life,  soul,  spirit.  Blood, 
especially  from  the  heart 

jysX^  wahfikry  Separated,  cut  off,  left, 
$^bandoned,rejected9  repudiated.  ^^J^ 


Jir* 


(422) 


r^ 


]^\j  ^J\\  ^  •y.,j;  J^jSlj  ^^j 

JI^J  ly-^*^  ^^  *sr*  ur**^' 

If  your  promise  of  mi  actoal  interriew  be 
fiilse,  grant  the  loTer  a  Tint  in  ileep.  Bnt 
how,  they  replied,  can  the  phantom  present  it- 
self to  the  eye  of  a  person  from  whom  sleep 
is  banished  ? 

«Xf«  mahd  (pi.  t}^),  A  cradle,  a  couch 

*\f^\  ^,  From  the  cradle.  _am^  Jf« 

mahd  ^sa*,  The  Cradle  of  Jesus.  Orien- 
tal tradition  tells  us  that  the  Cradle  of  Jesus 

is  kept  in  a  place  called  iyij^  arrah- 

wah,  on  the  decliyity  of  the  mountain  situated 
on  the  entrance  of  the  western  plain  of 
Damascus,  where  the  waters  are  dirided  into 
many  streams. 

«3hp«  fnuhadda,MAyijo6,  amend  (in  prayer). 

/•jO^  mahdum,  Destroyed,  levelled  with 

the  ground,  i^Ull  (V*^  Totally 
ruined.  {cated. 

4^jf«  muhda\  Offered,  presented,  dedi- 

^  tnahrf  A  marriage  portion.  A  dower 

given  by  the  husband  to  his  wife  on  tiieir 
betrothal.    It  is  of  two  kinds :  one  paid  down, 

and  called  Jjc**^^  muhr  mu^qjljal; 
the  other,  deferred  till  their  separation  by  his 

death  or  by  divorce,  is  called  J^^^;f« 

muhr  muajjal, 

j^  mccAr,  A  horse  colt 
^j^  or  J^J^\  ijij>-jaArat  td  mihr&j, 

thesameas^  «M« 5j>-JMlratiarirahf 

Supposed  to  be  the  Island  of  Borneo,  which 
was  discoTered  by  the  Portuguese  in  1621, 
and  which  is  divided  into  several  districts, 
governed  by  independent  sovereigns,  who  fre- 
quently wage  war  with  each  other. 

^l>-^   mihrijdn   or   mahrqfdn,    The 

autumnal  equinox,  the  autumn.  The  An- 
sariah  cdewate  with  the  greatest  solemnity 
the  two  Festivals  of  the  Vernal  and  Autumnal 
Equinox,  which  they  assert  were  celebrated 
from  time  immemorial,  not  only  by  the 
ancient  Persians,  bnt  alM>  by  almost  all  the 
ancient  nations  of  the  earth  who  worshipped 
and  worship  the  Sun  up  to  the  present  time 
under  different  emblems.  The  festival  of  the 
Mihrjan  or  Autumnal  Equinox  with  the  an- 
cient Persians  began  on  the  16th  of  Mihr, 
the  seventh  month,  and  lasted  for  six  days. 
AH  who  could  afford  the  purchase  anointed 
themselves  then  with  the  oil  of  ban,  sprink- 
led themselves  with  rose-water,  and  eat  of 


various  fruits,  from  an  idea  that  such  obser- 
vances would  defend  them  from  a  number  of 
evils  which  might  otherwise  distress  them  in 
the  oourse  of  the  year.  The  king,  on  the 
first  day  of  this  festival,  after  anointing  him- 
self with  the  oil  of  bui,  dressed  in  a  superb 
robe  of  manj  colours,  his  head  adorned  with 
the  loyal  ^adem,  on  whioh  was  a  splendid 
figure  of  the  Sun,  seated  himself  on  his  throne. 
'&en  the  high  priest,  entering  alone,  with  a 
large  silver  disD,  filled  with  sugar,  peaches, 
(quinces,  apples,  citrons,  pomegranates,  ihe 
jujube,  the  lote, «  bunch  of  white  grapes,  and 
seven  myrtle-berries,  muttered  over  them  a 
prayer,  and  presented  them  to  the  king,  who 
ate  of  them  all ;  after  which,  the  nobiU^  and 
others,  approaching  according  to  their  rank, 
followed  their  sovereign's  example,  when  a 
variety  of  robes  and  other  rich  furniture,  from 
the  royal  wardrobes,  were  distributed  amongst 
them  in  proportion  to  their  degree.  On  wis 
day  it  was  esteemed  fortunate  to  wean  or  name 
children ;  and  if  a  son  was  then  bom  to  the 
lung,  he  was  immediately,wi1^  S*^^  solemnity, 
consecrated  high  priest  of  the  Bun. 

^f«3^  muhr  ddr,  The  keeper  of  the  seals. 

(jr^  muhii,  Botten. 

J^Jf«  makiHl  (fem.  ^jjf«)>  Emaciated 
(especially  with  age). 

>*ijf«  makiUm,  Boated,  put  to  flight. 

(ho^  miuhaddm^  Digestiug.  Medicine 
or  anything  similar  promoting  digestion. 

Jif^  fnahal,  Qnieti  leisore,  dday,  calm 
procedure,  slow  movement.  A^  _Lc 
^ala*  mahalihi,  Leisurely,  by  degrees. 

)lf<«  maMoHj  Fair  and  softly. 

JLif^  muMat,  Delay,  putting  off,  defer- 
ring, retarding,  disappointing  expectation. 

^^(-^  muhlak,  A  place  of  murder  or 

slaughter.  Muhlik^  part.  Destroying,  killing, 
leading  to  destruction.  Fatal,  dei^y,  per- 
nicious.     ^Sl^  maMakat,    maMiiat, 

mahlukat  (pi.  (J^lf^),  A  dangerous 
place,  a  desert  (as  (^0|^  nuMai). 
^  muAuit  (fem.  ^Uf«),  Great,  import- 
ant, necessary,  urgent,  emous.  4^«X^£ 
ijUU  M^  j0^  ^tiult  khahar  muhum 
iilffhayahf  I  .have  very  important  news. 
M^  j^  ^Li   f»y^\  al  yawm  mafl 

khahar  muhum.  There  is  not  any  important 
news  to-day. 

Uf^  mahmd,  As  often  as,  so  many  times 
as.    Wherefore,  how.    After  whioh  manner. 


J** 


(423) 


^J^\  Ubf«,  In  whatever  it  may  be 
possible,  whenever  it  can,  as  often  as  possible. 

JajI  Jju7  U^  mahmd  ta^al  a/^al, 
Whatever  thon  wilt  do,  I  will  do. 

(JL^U^  muhimmdi  (pi.  fern,  of  j^^), 

Necessary  things,  matters  of  iipportance,  pro- 
yisions,  necessaries  for  a  journey,  etc. 

<Ubf«  muhimmat,   An  important  affaiTi 
abont  which  one  grows  anxious. 

jLkf^  mihmdz  (pi. J-^l|^),  A  spur. 

(Jai^^  muhmilf  part.  ^Negligent,  careless, 
indolent,  slothfnl.  A  letter  without  a  diacritical 

point;  as  J  or  J  with  respect  to  J  or 

J,  the  first  being  called  ^Li^  J^J, 

the  other  d-uK*^  Jlj.  *\ijjy^  iu^\ 

dJuif^,  His  name  was  Timur,  with 

Ta  haviDg  Easrah,  and  two  points  above,  and 
Ya  quiescent,  with  two  points  below,  and  Waw 
gniescent,  between  Mim  bearing  Dammab,  and 
Ka  without  any  points. 

W^'i  ^  fnahmUZf  Alif  \  Kamiated,  i.e. 
marked  with  Kamza  (*),  which,  in  printed 

books,  shows  \  to  be  radical,  jiot  servile. 

f^yA^mahmitm^  FoUof  anxious  thoughts. 
Sad,    sorrowful,    vexed,   anxious,   disturbed. 

returned  to  my  house,  sorrowful,  and  I  fell 
upon  my  bed,  full  of  anxious  thoughts.  My 
female  slaves  came  in  to  me,  and  seated  them- 
selves around  me,  not  knowing  what  was  the 
matter  with  me. 

<Uf<«  mahanatf  Skilfulness  in  doing  any- 
thing (especially  adroitne&  as  a  servant). 
Mahnity  Serving.    Service. 

^^MfJkitf^  muhandis,  A  geometrician,  a 
miner,  a  maker  of  subterranean  aqueducts. 

^^^  tnuhannl,  One  who  congratulates 
others. 

J^f^  muhatowU,  Terrific,  horrible. 

4^^  tnahwa*,  A  space  between  two 
mountains,  or  anything  similar. 


U^  muhayydj  Disposed  in  order,  pre- 
pared, arranged,  ready.  [grave,  revered. 

muhlh,  Formidable,  awful,  severe. 


^j.4;^  muhaymin,  (Ood)  protecting,  de* 
fending.      An  evidence.     Muhayman^  Safe, 

secure,  protected.   ^Jx  1\  ^^A^^t  The 

Most  High  God,  Omnipotence. 
^j^i^  muAln,  A  despiser,  contemner, 
^^^  muhayyi.  One  who   arranges  or 

prepares.     See  L^,  Arranged. 
^jL«  fnayddin  (pi.  of  ^j^ J^)»  Fields, 

plains.  L^jj^ofii]  i^  **^j  c;^W^ 

AsSjJ  L^\)j\^,  And  when  the  time  of 

afternoon  prayers  arrived,  he  rode  with  the 
princes  before  him,  until  he  came  to  the  horse- 
course,  where  he  played  with  arms  till  the 
time  of  night-falL,  together  with  his  father 
and  the  lords  of  his  empire. 

2fL^  miydh  (pi.  of  l^).  Waters. 

ifj^>*^  mlhara,  A  needle -case. 

L:;.'wt  may ^, Dead.  A  dead  body.  ^kj:^\j^ 

CSLdj^  *^  CSJloj  ^jS^  ^^1 

And  she  said,  By  means  of  my  enchantment, 
be  thou  converted  half  into  stone,  and  half 
into  the  substance  of  man.  Whereupon  I  be- 
came, as  thou  seest,  unable  to  move,  neither 

dead  nor  alive.     ^ji^^^H  ,sssr  hahr  al 


mayyitf  Dead  Sea,  or  Lake  Asnhaltites,  that  is, 
the  *<  Lake  of  Bitumen,*'  a  laxe  of  Palestine, 
about  20  miles  from  Jerusalem  at  its  N.  point 
Exi,  About  36  miles  long,  with  an  average 
breadth  of  from  10  to  12.  Five  cities,  in- 
cluding Sodom  and  Oomorrah,  situate  on  this 
spot,  were,  according  to  Scripture,  all  swal- 
lowed up,  to  satisfy  £vine  vengeance  for  their 
iniqui^.  The  neighbourhocM  of  the  lake 
abounos  with  volcanic  products.  It  receives 
the  river  Jordan  on  its  M.  side,  and  it  has 
been  affirmed  that  no  animal  has  been  found 
in  it  The  Atelepiat  gigantea  (the  apple  of 
Sodom)  grows  on  its  W.  coast;  and,  though 
inviting  to  the  eye,  the  fruit  crumbles  into 
dust  in  the  hand.  The  depth  of  the  lake  is 
about  220  fathoms,  and  its  surface  is  upwards 
of  1300  feet  below  that  of  the  Mediterranean 
Sea.  Its  centre  is  in  laU  ZV  30'  N. ;  Urn.  35^ 
BO'S. 


(424) 


1L« 


maiftat,  Gairion.     Haytatf  Bead 

rwoman).  MtUU^  Death;  the  maBBer  of 
aying. 

^l2L^   m\M&h^  A  promiBe^   agreement, 
bargain,  oompaot,  confederacy,  alliance,  leagne. 

A  testament.  Jf  ^V^J  '^  Agreements, 
articlee  and  conditions  (of  peace). 

^1ju.«  may  dan  (pi.  ijn^jL^),  An  open 
field,  an  extensive  plain.  ^\  ^rj  (^ 

jJUi\^j^i\f  After  which  he  returned 

to  the  palace,  with  all  the  people  before  him. 
And  every  day  he  used  to  liae  to  the  horse- 
oourM ;  and  when  he  retomed,  he  aat  to  judge 
the  people,  and  administered  jnitice  between 
the  prince  and  the  poor  man. 

^«3u^  maytanat  and  ^jtt,  See  ^U^ 

and  hu%yOf  A  turret;  a  high  place,  a* 

minaretor  toweron  theMohammadan  moeqaes, 
whence  the  crier  sommons  the  people  to  prayer. 

C^t^^  tnlrdt,  Heritage,  snccession,  pa- 
trimony. 

i^Jja^  ntlfi,  Belonging  to  a  prince.   The 

royal  treasury.  iJ/s^^  J^i  ^^®  royal 
rcTenoe.  [drain. 

c^U«^  muab,  A  canal,  aqueduct,  spout, 

^U«^  mlzdn  (pi.  ^^j^}^)f  A  balance. 

A  pair  of  aoalee.  The  odettial  sign  libra. 
Mearare,    metre,    rhyme,    totm,    pneody. 

U^js^^  ^U,    The    tongue    of   the 

balance.     ^^ji^\  ^j^^t  The   eye   of 

the  balance ;  *'.#.  The.penendioolar  ban  be- 
tween which  the  tongne  nbratet. 

jij^  mfsar,  A  girdle,  an  apron. 

j^M^  muyauir,  part.  act.  One  who  renders 

eyery thing  easy.  (God. )  See  ji»^* 
Muyauar,  part.  paas.  Facilitated,  rendered 

easy,  favourable,  happy.     lJ^  ^^ 

j**^\  It  is  Qod  that  enables  us  to  do 

everything  with  fuality  $  may  God  render  it 
easy!  » 

J,««Mb«  maifiorai,  Opulence,  prosperity, 
u^,  To  the  right  and  left. 


jy"^  n^i^r,  Facilitated,  made  easj 
proaperooi,  going  on  moeeaAdly. 

A^MA^  «MiytAam,  Unfortunate,  perren 

disagreeable,  execrable. 
jIju^  Ml^dJ,  The  place  or  time  of 

promise,      jliu^elt  ajj,   The  day 
promise.    The  resurrection.    f^,y^ 


^j'^.j 


•  -• 


1 


is  the  senrant  who  is  mindfol  of  his  sin,  W 
fean  his  lord,  who  acts  rightly  and  does  gw 
and  who  prepazee  his  provisioa  for  the  (^ 
of  judgment 

may^,  Storax,  staete. 

u«  wOh&tf  A  stated  time;  a  pU 
appointed  for  a   certain   tine    or    actk 

^iJl  CL^U^,  The  place  where  ti 

pilgrims  assemble,  and  from  which  tiiey  pr 
eera  to  perform  the  solemnitieB  at  the  tesp 
of  Mecca. 

^^^L^  mayhm  (fern.  <faig><)»  One  wl 
belienes  ereiything  he  hears. 

)o^u>^  mayhOM^  Wakened,  roused. 
J^  mayl,  Inclination,  affection,  Iot 

benevolence,  a^  J^l^  i^1\  ^ 

*-^=--^j  r^'-^  ^^^^  ^  ^ 

M\aJd\  ^;«M>-  ^^i/t ,  I  have  relinquish^ 

mistresses  and  wine,  and  turned  away  fn 
proflijncy  and  infatuation,  and  oonmitted 
my  affairs  to  my  Qod.  I  have  bidden  a  fit 
fiuewell  to  my  errors,  and  dsToted  myself 
gain  reward  firom  my  Lord,  reqoflrting  him 
grant  me  a  good  eaiL 

J^  mil  (pi.  J  V*l  amyd/),  A  mile  (uai 

generally  fbr   an  English   or  Italian  mi 
inovgh  often  for  a  German  ndle  or  Yrti 
leagne).    A  milestone  or  diractioB«poet. 
surra's  probe  or  tent.    An  inatniinent 
anomting  the  eye  with  coUyriom. 

SL^  mlldd,  Nativity,  birth,  f^  «>1 
,^Um.«JI   mlldd  yoiH^  al  maslk,   T 

Nativity,  the  birth  of  Jesus  Chri 

^SL^  mllddiyahf  The  year  reckon 
from  the  Nativity. 


>li 


(435) 


jU 


riiMOflii,  fficBOD,  regnd,  nfpect* 
<u«<«  wiywia^y  The  right  aide  or  hand, 

^9  iM^wfiiiy  Portanate,  l^appji  pro- 

ipcnw,  aonvt,  aanidoiM.  A  baboon,  ape, 
makej,  Ibi-El- Wanti  girea  the  following 
mnst  of  the  laland  of  Apes : — ^Among  the 
aiadsof  tile  Sea  of  China  ia  the  Island  of 
Apo.  hii  large;  and  in  it  are  manhjforesta, 
ad  BOMroiu  umbl  And  theee  apes  have  a 
^  tkst,  to  wDom  thcj  aabmit  taemselTes : 
ti^anjhim  npon  thev  shonlden  and  their 
»!  an  he  go%enieth  the  ialand  ao  that 
»  m  oppnsMih  anoi^.  Thoae,  howerer, 
rtdone  to  them  in  diipa,  ^tuj  torture  with 
lad  lecatehin^  and  atoning;  bat  the 
flf  the  two  islandi  of  Shartan  and 
enploj  stratagems  against  them,  and 
let  then,  sad  sell  uem  for  a  high  price. 
^  peopie  of  £1-Temen  desire  them  mnch, 
■i^t  tei  as  goarda  for  their  shops,  like 
fl^:  and  tfaej  an  endowed  with  extreme 


*?•  «*•*  (pL  ^;^)y  A  port,  haven, 

kbnr,  IB  ladionng  ground  for  shipa.  Mina 
■  fte  aoe  as  marina^  which  the  Franka  of 
wEntgiTein  gsBoal  to  anchoring  grounds 

MM  M)r-fi#y  Besperate.     Anything 
■^lindoC   A  desperate  nan* 

i^  My«)rlM  (dimixu  of  ^^y),  Al- 
'  BMeotna  of  anything.  [hnndied. 

Send'tfi,  A  hnndred.     ^js^SU,  Two 


t 


%J 


^  The  twenty-fifth  letter  of  the 

JB^  alphabet    In  arithmetic  it  expresses 
ft;  nd  m  ahnaaafcs  it  denotes  the  oonjnnet 

i^ofthestsxsL 
.  'ii  (vhea  aiBzed  to  nomu  is  the  pos- 
I  ^nt  proaoan),  Onr,  oars;  (when  annexed 
'^  w^Rbi  it  is  the  penmial  pronoon),  as,  to  as. 

%/i  «di,  A  canine  tooth,  a  tnek. 

W'  «dW  (fern.  ijU),  Growing,  ger- 

Wk  fldMlyii^  Fecondity,  fertility  of 

'  Mi;  the  fiwolty  of  prodneiag  frait*  corn, 
j^  T»  the  adfantages  of  its  climate^  which 
lymw  e^ojmenta  by  their  soeceasion, 
Ala  adds  another, — that  of  multiplying  them 
*!f  the  variety  of  its  prodnctions.  Were 
jj^WttMtsd  b^  art,  those  of  the  most  dis- 
■tteoDtriei  mwkt  be  prodneed  within  the 
^ttc  of  a  few  nibs.  Bran  at  present  we  are 
*>(«uM  St  the  Taiiet7  thia  caaatry  jsObrds. 


^j^\j 


Besides  wheati  rre,  beans,  and  the  cotton- 
plant,  which  is  eiutiTated  cTerywhere,  we  find 
a  mnltitode  of  osefol  and  agreeable  produc- 
tions appropriated  to  diiferent  situations. 
Syria  abounos  \p.  sesamum  and  dura  as  good 
as  that  of  Egypt ;  maize  thriyes  in  the  fight 
soil  of  the  plain  of  Antioeh,  and  even  rice  was 
cultirated  with  success  on  the  borders  of  the 
marshy  country  of  the  Hula ;  sugar-canes  can 
be  planted  eyerywhere;  indigo  will  grow  on 
tiie  banks  of  the  Orontes ;  the  hill-sides  of  the 
mountains  produee  tobacco  of  the  best  quality; 
oliTO-trees  grow  ererywhere,  to  the  height  of 
the  beech ;  the  wlute  mulberry-tree  constitutes 
the  wealth  of  the  countries  of  the  Dmzes, 
Maronites,  Mutwalis,  Ansaris,  etc.,  bj  the 
beautifnl  silk  produced  on  it.  As  for  nruitB, 
Syria  produces  all  kinds,  of  the  best  quality. 

0^\j  ndbih,  A  barker. 

^\j  ndhi^,  Bunting  oat,  overflowing 
(as  a  well  or  a  riTulet). 

ik>\j  n&highaif  A  man  of  magnificence  or 
of  high  rank.    Name  of  a  poet. 

jU  N&hhu  (a  oormption  of  Neapolia 
or  new  town),  The  Shechem  of  the  Old  Testa- 
ment, and  the  Sychar  of  the  New,  one  of  tiie 
oldest  cities  of  Palestine,  and  once  the  capital 
of  Samaria.  It  is  beautifully  situated  in  a 
narrow  yalley,  between  Mount  Ebal  and 
Mount  Gerizim,  having  the  former  on  the 
north  and  tiie  latter  on  &e  south.  These  hills 
are  of  equal  height,  about  six  hnndred  feet, 
and  neither  of  them  cultirated ;  but  Oeririm 
has  the  most  pleasing  appearance. 

(^jLU  NdhlUi,  The  ancient  Keapolis. 

(j*i^\j  SL  JBldd  Jfrahlm,  The  oonnlay 
of  N&blOs.    The  aneient  kingdom  of  Samaria. 

rl)  ndjihf  ProBperona,  Buooeeafolf 
^^s^U  ndjl  (fern.  ^^U),  Escaping, 

^5;^Q1  anndhirdn  and  ^iTp-Qt,  Two 

nerrea  or  yeina  in  the  throat  or  jawi.  Two  of 
the  short  riba. 

^^>-l3  ndhi,  Inclining,  tending  towards. 

!L^\i  ndhiyat,  A  ooontrj,  territory,  dis- 
"trict ;  a  tract,  coast,  shore.  [&ithfiiL 

joJ^\  J^U  ndihM  iMdar^  Sincere, 
^jU  nlMr^  Singular,  rare,  nncommon, 
excellent,  predooa.     ^^m^^^jU,  Of 
uncommon  beauty.    fy^^^<i>U,  Hap- 
pening rarely.    irL&jJu,  Nadir-Shah, 

called  also  Tamasp  Kouli  Ipiaa.  King  of 
Persia,  and  a  fiunous  conqueror.  He  was  son 
of  a  maker  of  sheepskin  ooate,  who  belong 
to  the  tribe  of  Afishar,  a  Turkish  tribe,  which 
had  attached  itself  to  the  King  of  Pew 


tf' 


oU 


(426) 


•U 


Nadir,  after  be  liad  become  great,  waa  fond  of 
alluding  to  bia  mean  origin ;  and  wben  one  of 
bis  loni,  wbo  was  about  to  marry  a  princess 
of  tbe  royal  family  of  Delbi,  waa  requested 
to  name  bis  ancestors  for  seven  generations, 
Nadir  replied,  **  Tell  tbem  tbai  be  is  the  son 
of  Nadir  Sbab,  tbe  son  of  tbe  sword,  tbe 
erandson  of  tbe  sword,  and  so  on,  till  tbej 
naTe  a  descent  of  seyentj  instead  of  seren 
generations."  From  bis  earliest  youtb  be 
displaced  ereat  courage  and  boldness.  At  tbe 
age  or  1 7  be  was  taken  prisoner  by  tbe  Usbegs 
in  one  of  tbeir  annual  incursions  into  Eboras- 
san.  After  a  captinty  of  four  years  be  effected 
bis  escape,  returned  to  bis  natire  country,  and 
subsequently  entered  tbe  serrice  of  tbe  goTemor 
of  Eborassan,  wbo  appointed  bim  to  command 
an  army  sent  against  tbe  Tartars.  Nadir 
ffained  a  complete  yictory  witb  an  inferior 
force,  and  took  tbe  Tartar  general  prisoner. 
Tbe  goTemor  at  first  treated  bim  with  great 
distinction ;  but  becoming  jealous  of  bis  as- 
piring spirit,  be  refused  him  a  grade  in  the 
army  he  bad  promised  bim,  and  wben  Nadir 
complained  of  this  breach  of  faith,  be  caused 
bim  to  be  bastinadoed.  Exasperated  at  this 
dishonourable  treatment,  be  became  the  leader 
of  a  band  of  robbers.  Witb  this  troop  be 
rose  to  great  power.  In  1727  be  joined 
Tamasp,  son  of  the  monarch  of  Persia,  wbo 
bad  been  pushed  from  tbe  throne  by  tbe 
Affghan  conquerors  of  Persia.  His  first  act 
wm  to  kill  Futteb  Ali,  tbe  commander  of  tbe 
Penian  fonea;  after  which  he  took  the 
supreme  command.  In  the  same  year  be 
drove  tbe  Affghans  out  of  lffi»hed.  After 
aeyeral  great  yictories  he  took  IsnUiao,  and 
put  to  death  Ashraff,  the  Affghan  icing.  He 
next  took  the  name  of  Tamasp  Kouli,  or  *'  the 
slaTC  of  Tamasp,"  and  was  also  ennobled  with 
the  title  of  Khan.  He  was  likewise  granted 
tbe  four  finest  provinces  of  tbe  kingdom.  But 
this  did  not  satisfy  his  ambitious  nature,  and 
upon  the  first  opportunity^  be  deposed  Tamasp, 
wnose  son,  an  infant  eight  months  old,  he 
proclaimed  king,  at  tbe  same  time  constituting 
tumself  regent.  In  1736  he  gained  tbe  battle 
of  £ri?an,  in  which  tbe  Turks  lost  60,000 
men.  Tbe  infant  monarch  died  in  tbe  same 
year ;  upon  which  Nadir  called  a  great  council 
of  tbe  kingdom,  at  which  more,  than  a  hun- 
dred thousand  persons  are  said  to  bare  attended, 
1^  whom  he  was  acknowledged  king.  Witb 
the  yiew  of  destroying  tbe  Affghans  as  an  in- 
dependent power,  be  inyaded  tbe  province  of 
Candabar,  and  in  1738  tbe  city  of  that  name 
fell  into  his  power.  In  the  following  year  he 
marched  into  Hindostan,  and  after  defeating 
tbe  Mogul  troops,  entered  Delhi,  where  he 
acquired  immense  riches.  After  his  return  to 
Persia,  he  turned  bis  arms  against  tbe  King  of 
Bokhara,  wbo  was  compelled  to  submit.  Nadir 
next  marched  along  both  banks  of  the  Oxus, 
as  far  as  the  Caspian,  which  territory  be  oon- 

2uered,  and  put  its  monarch  to  deatii  in  1740. 
le  bad  thus  secured  peace  for  Persia,  whose 
dominions  were  extended  in  eyery  direction. 
But  his  last  years  were  characterized  by  cruel 
tyranny,  which  excited  uniyeisal  hatred  against 


bim,  and  at  length  a  oon^iracy  of  some  of  the 
highest  officers  of  his  court  was  formed,  and 
be  was  asBsssinated  in  1747.  b.  at  tbe  yillage 
of  Abuyer,  Kborassan,  1688. 

ijC\j  nddirat  or  nddirah.  An  imcommon 

thing,  a  rarity,  a  curiosity.  An  incomparable 
man,  tbe  phoBuix  of  the  age,  rara  aris.  Strange, 
uncommon,  obsolete  (speech).  An  unexpected 
accident,  anything  that  surprises. 

f^C^J  nddim,  A' penitent;  repenting. 
4^j\j  nail,  A  place  where  one  is. 


j\j  ndr.  Fire.     j\j  v^^j^  fnarhab  ndr, 

A  steam-boal — ^Tbe  ancient  Chaldeans  paid 
diyine  adoration  to  fire,  as  did  also  the  Per- 
sians and  some  other  Oriental  nations.    God 
bath  often  appeared  in  fire  and  encompassed 
with  this  element,  as  wben  He  showed  Him- 
self in  the  burning  bush,  and  descended  on 
Mount  Sinai  in  the  midst  of  fiames,  thunder, 
and  lightning  (Exod.  iii  2 ;  xix.  18).   Fire  is 
also  a  symbol  of  tbe  Deity  (Deui  iy.  24).  In 
this  awful  manner  He  showed  Himsdf  to 
Isaiah  (Is.  yi.  4),  and  to  Ezekiel  (Esek.  i.  4). 
Tbe  Pralmist  describes  tbe  chariot  of  God  as 
composed  of  flames  (Ps.  xyiii.  12 — 14).   And 
the  second  coming  of  Christ  is  represented  as 
in  tbe  midst  of  consuming  fire  (2  Thess.  i.  8 ; 
see  also  Dan.  yii.  10).    The  wrath  of  God  is 
compared  to  fire  (Ps.  xyiii.  8) ;  and  so  are 
those  effecte  of  His  displeasure— famine,  war, 
and  pestilence  fPs.  Ixyi.  12 ;  Jer.  xlyiii).    To 
this  element  Christ  is  compared  (Msl.  iii  2), 
referring  to  His  jud^ent  upon  the  wicked, 
wbo  are  eonanmed  like  the  dross  of  metals ; 
and  the  effects  of  His  gfaoe  refiniqg  the  right- 
eous like  pure  gold.     Tbe  infiuenoea  of  tiia 
Holy  Ghost  are  also  compared  to  fire  (Mai. 
iii.  II),  in  reference  to  tbe  tongues  or  flamea 
of  fire  that  rested  on  the  beads  of  the  Apostlea 
(Acts  ii.  3),  and  to  the  work  of  regeneratioii 
on  tbe  human  soul — ^illuminating,  quickening, 
purifying,  and  inflaming  witb  gratitude,  loye, 
and  zeal.    Tbe  angels  of  God  are  represented 
under  the  emblem  of  fire  (Ps.  dr.  4) ;  and  a 
column  of  flame  directed  the  marches  of  the 
Israelitisb  camp  during  tbe  night  seasons  in 
the  wilderness  (Kxod.  xiii.  21).  Fire  andently 
fell  from  beayen  to  consume  tbe  yictims  sacnT- 
ficed  to  the  Lord,  and  this  was  an  indication 
of  His  regard  and  approbation :  and  this  ia 
thought  to  be  tbe  manner  in  which  JeboTali 
si^med  bis  acceptance  of  Abel's  sacrifice. 
Fire  also  fell  upon  tbe  offerings  made   by 
Moses   (Ley.  ix.  24],  on  those  of  Maaoah 
(Judges  xiii.  19,  20),  on  Solomon's  (2  Chron. 
.    yii.  1),  and  on  Elijah's  (I  Kings  xyiii.  38). 
The. fire  which  descendea  from  beayen,  first 
upon  the  altar  constructed  by  Moses  in  the 
tabernacle,  and  again  on  that  erected  by  Solo- 
mon at  its  consecration,  was  constantly  fed  and 
presenred  by  tbe  priests,  and  of  course  it  was 
regarded  as  celestial  or  hallowed  fire,   fiitst 
kindled  by  tbe  Lord  himself,  to  instruct  man- 
kind that  the  origin  of  all  spiritual  good  is 
firom  aboye,  and  that  men  are  not  to  warm 


^^\i 


(427) 


]i\i 


thenuelTes  with  the  tpoilu  of  their  own  kiii- 
dling.     ♦SSs^^Ul\c^^J^5J  JJj! 

*  j*>-i;  *\j!is^i\^  c^JlaJ^  ^  jUlj 

fk  (jiJi  *US1  J}|  ^J^ ,  Were  it  said 

to  me,  while  the  flame  is  burning  within  me, 
and  the  fire  blazing  in  my  heart  and  boweU, 
wonldit  thon  rather  that  then  shouldst  be- 
hold them,  or  a  draught  of  pure  water  P  I 
would  answer,  Them ! 

^J^li  ncirdin.  Spikenard. 

aL^jU  ndtyWiA  (S.  T.  used  in  Ar.),  An 

instmment  for  smoking  Persian  tobacco,  in 
which  the  smoke  is  drawn  thraiigh  water,  and 
so  purified  before  it  reaches  the  moatlL 

^sfrj\j  ndrinfi,  Of  an  orange  colour. 

f^j\j  ndri,  Fiery,  full  of  fire. 

Lij\j  ndriyat,  The  state,  nature,  or  force 
of  fire.  [a  chapter  in  the  Alcoran. 

Oi^\x|U  nHu^t,  Stars.  Bows.   Name  of 
JjU  ndwUf  part.  DescendiDg.  Dismount- 


ing,alighting.  ^^J  Ujli  tlJA^^l  U^ 

JiP  ^P^  v/  ^  ^h  lS;^'  ^°d 

onr  fire  is  nerer  extingmshed  from  the  way- 
farer by  night ;  nor  do  any  of  the  guests  who 
oome  to  us  find  fiiult  with  us. 

{jjo    nds,   Mankind.      ^U^  c::-^|^ 

(jywUil  ^  A4i^ar  rdyitjamd^h  ^oA- 

mmh  min  annas,  I  saw  a  great  assembly  of 
people. 

iJciS  JEnndioi,  Mecca. 

^\j  ndsijf  part.  A  composer.  Making 
an  oration.    A  wearer. 

v^U  nd»ikh,  part.  Abolishing,  obliterat- 
ing, erasing,  cancelling.  A  copier  of  a  book. 
A  transformer. 

<^CiU  ndiikf  DoToted  to  God  or  virtue. 
LZfyJj  ndiutf  Human  nature,  humanity. 

j^U  ndiHr,  A  disease  in  the  comer  of 

the  eye ;  also  one  in  the  gums,  and  another 
in  the  podez,  attended  by  a  constant  defluzion. 

t\j  fUM,  Forgetting,  forgetful. 

^0  ndshtd,  A  story-teller  who,  to  ob- 
tain a  few  paras,  relates  a  tale,  or  recites  yerses 
from  some  ancient  poet. 


jj^\j  ndsMtf  part.  Dispersing,  scattering, 
diffusing,  diyulging.    Beyiying. 

^U  ndshl,  part.  (fem.  ^«^l3),  Grow- 
ing, increasing,  STowing  up  (bb  a  boy).  Arising, 
appearing,  proimced,  brougnt  to  light. 

\j  ndsih,  part.  Erecting,  setting  up, 
fixing,  planting,  constituting. 

^U  nd$ih,  part.  A  monitor,  counsellor, 

a  sincere  friend. 
j0fi\j   ndfir,    A  defender,  an  assistant. 

(God)  the  giyer  of  victory.  <0^U11 
u^MMOftrtyaAyTheHoly  Virgin.  The Nasarene. 

i^j^\j  ndifi,  A  Nazarene.  4^/^^^  tX^ 
jfOMik^  anfuUrif  Jesus  of   Nazareth. 

if^UI  Anndsrah,  A  village  of  Pales- 
tine, fifty  miles  from  Jerusalem.  It  stands 
in  a  valley  of  the  same  name,  celebrated  as 
the  residenee  of  our  Sayionr  and  his  fiunily 
durinff  the  fint  thirty  jears  of  his  life.  It 
occupies  part  of  a  decfiyi^,  and  has  a  Latin 
oonyent,  witii  a  church  said  to  be  bmlt  on  the 
site  where  took  place  the  annunciation  of  the 
adyent  of  Christ.  i\^.  8000,  of  whom  a 
sixth  are  Turks. 

^\j  nddij)  Eipe  firuit. 

J^\j  ndtihf  part.  Butting  with  the  horns 
(as  a  ram). 

jjb\j  ndtur  (pL^^'y ),  The  keeper  of  a 

yineyard  or  palm  garden.  The  senrant  at  a 
bath. 

Ljlb\j  ndttf,  A  kind  of  treacle. 

^;Ll}  ndtikf  part.  Speaking.  Perspicuous. 
Bational  (animal).    (jWU^^,  Dumb, 

irrational.  fj!b\j  ^1^«^,  A  rational 
animal  (man).  ^\jj^  u^^i^ '  ^ 
irrational  man,  a  beast.    ^UaI^U,  The 

faculty  of  speech.  ^UitU  L.^^.«>-t0  J>>'j 
rqful  tahA  natiktjfoh,  A  man  who  speaks  with 

great  fluency,  with  eloquence.      \jJb 

This  secretary  is  a  good  writer,  but  he  has  not 
the  gift  of  eloquence. 

Jo\j  n&tir,  A  spectator,  looker-on;  an 
obeeryer,    director ;     a    minister    of    state. 

lU^j  \^\Jio\j  na»irta  khdfytyah,  The 

minister  for  foreign  affairs.  <u!U!1^U 
fiostrW  maliyah^  The  minister  of  finance. 


,li 


(428) 


u 


fie\j  ndiim,  A  oomposer,  arranger,  ad- 

'  jnster.  A  gOTemor,  adniinistrator.  A  com- 
poser of  reneBj  a  poet. 

^j*^\j  nd^is,  Sleepy,  drowsy,  lethargic. 

^UuujI  annd^kdn,  Two  stars  in  Orion. 

mz\j  n&^im,  Soft,  easy,  convenient,  gentle, 
tender,  delicate. 

jy£\j  nd^ur,  A  vein  sparting  oat  blood, 

not  to  be  stopped,     f;^^  nd^ura,  A 

mill,  especially  that  which  is  turned  by  weight 
of  water,  for  raiang  water  from  a  liyer.    The 

Seatest  naf^ura  which  exist  are  those  of 
ama,  the  ancient  Epiphaneia.  They  are 
immense  wheels  carrymg  water  from  the 
Orontes,  turning  en  and  emptring  themselyes 
into  stone  canals,  snpportea  oy  lofty  arches, 
on  a  lerel  with  the  upper  parts  of  the  town. 
They  measure  seventy  teet  m  diameter. 

_£U  nd^,  The  messenger  of  death. 

^u  ndjlkhf  part.  Blowing,  inflating. 

Si\j  ndfii,  part.  Penetrating,  passing, 
getting  through  or  executing  (business),  haying 
effect,  receiyed  or  obeyed  eyerywhere  (as  a 

royal  edict).  j^i\  ii\jj^\,  A  prinoe 
whose  commands  all  obey. 

4£jjl3  ndjisiyah,  Penetration,  influence, 

preponderance. 

wib  ndfi^,  Salutary,  wholesome,  useful, 
profitable,  adyantageoos,  awisting, 

jJiilj  ndJUah,  Supererogatory  prayers  be- 
yond the  canonical  fiy^.  [Kogatiye. 

(J;U  nd/i,  BepelUugi  rejecting,  repulsing. 
44U  ndk(U,  A  she-camel.  JLjQ^,  Certain 

stars  in  the  fonn  of  a  cameL 

^/ai\}  ndkis  (fern.  JuoiU),  Deficient, 
imperfect,    mutilatad.       Defeotiye     (verb). 

JiffSt  ^^\j,  Defective  in  judgment, 

silly,  stupid. 

Jjl3  ndkH,  part.  Transporting  firom  place 
to  place.  A  porter,  a  carrier.  A  reporter,  a 
relator.    A  copier. 

^yU  ndkus  (pi.  {j*ti^^y)f  A  bell. 

ii\j  ndkah  (pi.  d^Ul)  ndkdt),  A  she- 
cameL  [hanging  the  head. 

^^U  ndkit,  Mean,  humbled,  depressed, 

^/*ty\j  ndtnUB  (pl.^^MM^Iy ),  Beputation, 
fiune,   renown,    esteem.       Dignity.      Law. 

^^j%j>UH  ^/MysU  ndmuiul  Ml^ah^  The 
natural  law. 


SLiyJ\j  ndmUiot,  Moschetto,  mosquito. 
^Umi^U  ndmiUfffi^,  Bed  curtains,   ^^iiil 

wtjbd  annamtuityah  tawib  hatta*  la  fubka* 
flha  namua,  Sha^e  the  bed  curtains  well,  so 
that  no  mosquito  may  remain. 

^\j  ndml,  Growing,  increasing ;  what- 
-  eyer  grows. 

i^^fivU  ndhib^  part.  A  plunderer. 

j;jbl3  ndhikf  part.  Braying  (as  an  ass), 

neighing  (as  a  horse).  The  place  in  the 
throat  which  produces  those  sounds. 

_JbU  ndhlt  part.  Prohibiting,  forbidding. 

ijbU  ndhiyai,  An  interdict,  prohibition, 
anything  forbidden. 

i^\j  ndy,  A  reed,  a  pipe>   a  flute,  a 

flageolet,  a  fife,  militazy  instrument  of  music ; 
a  reed  played  upon  by  the  deryises. 

k«^U   nd-ih  (pi.   <^\y   natpwdh),  A 


deputy.     A  Ueutenant,  yiceroy,  yioegereni, 
suhstitnte ;  the  deputy  of  a  judge. 

Lj\j  ndribat  (pi.  i^^ly).  An  accident, 
misfortune,    r^  ^/^^^^  ^U^l  ^J^^ 

(^Juj   Ijlt^T  ti^^i  O  thou  whose 


fEtyours  to  me  have  been  many,  and  whose 
gifts  haye  been  more  than  can  be  numbered ! 
no  misf<Mrtuue  luui  eyer  yet  befallen  me  but  I 
haye  found  titiee  ready  to  aid  nw  in  it 

Ibs^\j  ndyhatj  Weeping,  lamentii^.     A 
hired  mourner.  [acquiring. 

JjU  ndyU^  part.  Arriving  at,  obtaining, 
JU  ndym  (fem.  ^U),  part.  Sleeping, 

slumbering.  J^  j^\  V  WlLi^^  uA 
C^  Ui  (JU  *i\  u:JUi  •  ^^\j\i\ 

l^^  dxai  Uj  ci^oJl  ^j^.  Bat 


see,  0  my  sister,  whether  thy  son  he  asleep  or 
not.  Shie  therefore  felt  him,  apd  she  found 
that  he  bore  the  appearance  of  sleep,  bo  she 
.  said  to  me,  He  ii  asleep;  what,  then,  hast 
thou  to  9ay,  and  what  i|  tby  dwirf  ooncenung 
hia  sleeping  P 

C^L)  ndbdtf  A  herb,  a  yegetaUe,  grass. 
cl^IjIJ    (pL),  Herbs,  simples.     S^ 


U; 


(4S9) 


sjuLj  sukkar  ndbat^  Sagar-eaody.  Jx 
cs-^lJlJf  ^hnil  nabdtdt,  Botanj. 
-.11}  nabhdhy  A  barker. 

JUJ  ntbdl  (pi.  of  Jfi^),  Arrows.  Jw 
nabbai,  One  who  haa  or  makes  arrowa. 

dU^Ui  nahdhatf  Being  noble,  renowned 
(nobilitj). 

^:u^  fki^^,  Growing,  germinating,8prout- 
ing  (aa  herbage) ;  Tegetatixigy  bringing  forth. 

^  nahh,  Barking.    To  bark.      [mkUng. 

« jyj  nahaah,  A  small  portion,  a  taste,  an 

^^mJ  naiih,  Discovering  or  digging  np 
what  haa  been  buried  (aa  treaanre,  a  dead  body, 
etc.).  [artery,  the  pulse. 

nahd,  Motion,  the  beating  of  an 

iJ  nabdat,  One  pulsation. 

J  nah^,  A  fountain,  a  spring  of  water. 

J  nabffh,  Appearing,  becoming  mani- 

fert,  difnlging ;  Bprinring  up,  bursting  forth ; 

S»ing  out  against.    Secoming  a  go^  poet, 
ough  not  naturally  so. 

fjj  ndbaky  The  lot  tree. 

SjJ  nahuwat,  Prophecy.  The  quality 
of  being  a  prophet  or  Ood's  messenger. 

^j^  ndbmol  (fern,  ijy^  nabawiffoh), 
Pertaining  to  a  prophet.    Prophetic. 

^  fM^l  (fem.  ijJ,  pi.  LJ^),  A  prophet. 
dJJl  ^b,  0  prophet  of  God. 

kkabit  nabU,  Wicked. 
nahid.  Wine,      ij^f  JuJ  nahJd 
ohyadt  The  white  wine,    y^^ 

noM  ahmoTf  The  red  wine.  JL0I 

nabfd  a»far^  The  yellow  wine.  This  last 
quality  is  called  Qaldm  Wine,  The  best 
quality  of  the  wine  of  Mount  Lebanon  is  that 
produced  from  the  hillsides  of  the  Zuk  or 
Tillage  of  Masbeh  near  Antura. 

iJ^  noMl,  Excellent.  Ingenious,  skil- 
fuL    Generous.     Great. 

uJlsJ  nattafy  One  who  pulls  out  (hairs). 

^\ii  nat&fat.  What  fSalls  when  pulling 
out  anything. 

^l:j  naldnat,  Smelling  badly,  stinking. 

^\sj  fuUdi/tj{pl,  of  d2CUJ),  Conclusions, 

syllo^sms,  consequences,  substances,  results, 
effects. 


^  na&,  Drawing  with  vigour  (a  bow). 
Snatching,  carrying  off.  [pincers. 

^Jusj  naUh,  Pulling  off  (a  thorn)  with 

i^^isj  naif,  Pullbg  out  (hairs,  feathers). 

A  flg\%..'>  natljatf  The  eoDclusion  (of  a 
syllogism) ;    the    sum,     substance,     result. 

<CiMtt»»  ^^^V^  tuUy'at  hatanah,  A  good 

effect.      dj(}j  A:^^  ludljat  radiydh, 

A  bad  effect,  i^^^zj  j^  ^  min  ghayir 
naiijah^  Without  any  result. 

J^  noir,  A  prose  composition.  Scattering. 

\atr  nafd,  Escaping,  being  liberated,  set 
free,  or  emancipated.  To  find  a  means  of 
escape,   to  escape,  saTc   oneself,  be   saved. 

^Jji\  JJ  ^  \jys^  najawnd  min  y ad  al 
fjtdUf  We  hare  escaped  from  the  hands  of  the 

enemy.  JjJ^j,^^  Ci3  v.^-^  J^  <0J|^ 
iKLi  JU\  \jJfc  J\  J^j  J^^  Ui 

God  has  decreed  a  new  life  for  thee ;  for  no 
one  ever  arrired  at  this  place  before  thee  and 
escaped  from  it.  Praise  be  to  Gh>d  for  thy 
safety! 

^Ixa^  najdbat,  Generosity,  nobleness. 
Being  generous,  liberal,  high-minded. 

ifW^  nof-at,  Liberation,  freedom,  salva- 
tion. *  Deliverance.  [Good  success. 

.Ixa^   fuijdhf    Happening    fortunately. 

t}\s^  fMjIfdd,  A  maker  of  cushions  and 
beds. 

j\af^  najjdr,  A  carpenter* 

ij\sf  nijdratf  The  carpenter's  ait. 

JLlaT  najdaat,  Being  dirty.     Nastiness. 

^IflsT  nijd$hat,  Being  quick,  expedi- 
tious.    ^Iscvlt,  The  king  of  the 

Ethiopians." 
elasT  ^Is^  f^'S^fi^'iSfr,  Bold,  strenuous. 

^W*  fioj/am,  Ana8tronomer,an  astrologer. 

sT  najd^  High  ground ;  an  open,  patent. 


or  high  road,  especially  to  higher  ground ;  the 
higher  part  of  Arabia  towaras  Babylon  (the 

lower  being  ^l^). 

M  * 

»J^  najdatf  Fortitude,   magnanimity, 
boldness.    A  battle. 


J^ 


(430) 


U 


naja%,    Performing     (a    promise). 

Finishing  (business,  an  oration] ;  being  at  the 
end  of  a  journey. 

^jt^^sf^  najiB  (fem.  l^^af),  Dirty,  filthy, 
nasty.    Najat^  Dirtiness,  filth,  dung. 

J^  nqjlj  A  son ;  the  young  of  an  animal. 
dy^^najmat,  Mssrnajm(;pL  /^^sfTnujam), 

A  star.  i^^J^  annqfum,  The  Pleiades, 
also  the  Polar  star.  [tronomy. 

j^jsfT  nufUm,  Stars.     (^^^-^^  A^  -^s- 
nujuml,  Belonging  to  the  stars. 

najlh,  (Generous,  excellent,  noble, 
praiseworthy,  honourable.    A  hero. 

'  nqfid,  Bold,  brave,  strong.  Ju^Jf , 
The  lion, 
^^la^  nahds,   Brass,    copper.      ^^^^^ 

{jm\s^  ma^dan  fMhds,  A  copper-mine. 

There  existed  formerly  in  the  neighbourhood 
of  Aleppo  a  copper  mine,  from  which  not  long 
aeo  they  used  to  extract  copper;  but  it  was 
g^ven  up  as  the  quantity  of  copper  extracted 
was  not  sufficient  to  pay  the  work. 

^.«»la^  nahdtlf  Brazen,  copper. 

ailar  ntihd/at,  Being  emaciated.    Lean- 
ness, [ing  aloud,  howling. 

v_  -'^^  •^^^  Crying  excessively,  weep- 

yjL^artMht,  Smoothing,  planing,  scrap- 
ing anything  to  make  it  fit. 

jljs^  nthrir,  Industrious,    intelligent, 
skilful,  knowing,  expert,  experienced. 

^^fMO^  nahs,   A  sinister  aspect  of  the 
stars,  a  bad  omen,  misfortune.    Unlucky  star. 

J^Dl  ^jMb^f  annahs  ul  akhar,  Saturn. 
jkJi\  ^jt*^\  annahs  td  aa^har,  Mars. 

^^j^umj  U  ul^  ^Jiju  ) ,  Andshe  said, 

0  my  son,  ask  not  what  she  did  when  I  told 
her  the  case,  for  she  said.  If  thou  hcdd  not 
thy  tongue,  0  ill-omened  old  woman,  I  will 
treat  thee  as  thou  deserrest. 


Uac^  nuha/d  (pi.  of 
^Ja^  nahl,  Bees. 
ala^  nahlat,  One  bee. 


),  Delicate. 


*  *        *         • 

^jo^rnahnu,  "We.  ^^a^^jfl^vju-j)  j^Saj 

takaddam  anta  nahnu  najJ,  You  go  on,  wc 

are  coming.  LamAj  ^jo^nahnuna/iund, 

We,  ourseUes. 

.     * 

l^^stT  nahnahat,  Making  a  noise  in  the 
throat  by  coughing. 

y.ar  nahw,  Towards.     As,  like,  about, 

near.       ^-^^V     Ghrammar,    syntax, 

etymology,    infiection,    declension.       Literal 
speech,  according  to  the  rules  of  grammar. 

^^  kanahwa,AccoTdmgor  agreeable  to. 

{ja^s^  nahiU^  Bad,  ill,  unfortunate. 

^yeaer  nuhHsatf  A  bad  presage,  an  on- 
happy  accident,  misfortune.  Unfortunate.  The 
quality  of  possessing  a  malign  influence, 
malignity. 

J^aT  nuhiHf  Being  emaciated,  lean. 
nahwi,  Grammatical. 
nahlh,  Weeping  excessively,  cry- 
ing aloud,  howling,  shrieking.  ^^r.->- 

c^'^gng^^  A>^j  f  ^be  end  of  my  walk- 
ing and  the  commencement  of  my  good  fortune 
conducted  and  introduced  m^  to  a  wide  space 
where  there  was  a  concourse  of  wailing  people. 

hajar  nahlt,  Hewn  stone. 

nahif,    Lean,    meagre,     weak, 
slender.    Weakly  in  constitution,  feeble. 

claT  nakhd^,  The  spinal  marrow. 

iLIlar  nukhdlat,  Grain  or  anything  sifted ; 
also  what  remains  in  the  sieve ;  bran. 

mm  m 

nukhbat,  Chosen,  selected,  better. 

nakhr,  To  be  worn,  rubbed ;  pierced 
(as  a  carious  bone). 

(JasT  nakM,  Sifting.     The  palm-tree. 
ilas^  nakhlat,  One  palm-tree. 
if^ar  ndkhwat,  Pride,  haughtiness. 


Jj  nad,  A  perfume,  composed  of  musk, 

ambergris,  and  the  wood  of  aloes ;  or  simply 
of  ambergris. 

Ijj  nidd,  Calling  to  one,  convoking, 
proclaiming.  A  proclamation,  a  clamour. 
To   proclaim,    announce,   divulge,    publish. 

1  jJl  (-J^»  The  interjection  of  calling, 
the  vocative. 


^> 


(431) 


UaJ 


^1  Jj  fMdSmai,  Eepentance,  contrition, 
penitence.     LJ\xi\jjfl\  ijAJ9amarat 

attahawur  annrndamah^  The  firuit  of  rashness 
is  repentance. 

Sjf  Jj  naddwai,  Moisture  (of  ground). 

(^  jj  nadb,  Lamenting  or  mourning  the 
dead ;  making  a  funeral  oration  or  enoomium. 

ijjj  nudhat,  A  plaint,  lamentation;  a 
funeral  oration.  Weeping  and  lamenting  over 
the  dead. 

(^jJ  nadf,  Beating  or  separating  (cotton) 
with  a  large  how,  which  they  heat  with  a  kind 
of  hammer. 

^  jJ«uMl0m,EepQnting.  Penitence,  iju^  JJ 

I  repented   as 

Gos^aijah  repented  in  the  morning,  when  I 

found  that  Nawara  was  finally  divorced  from 
me.  She  was  once  my  paradise ;  but  I  bad 
exduded  myself  therefrom,  as  Adam  was  ex- 
cluded when  the  Eril  One  drove  him  out. 

t«jj  nudamd  (pi.  of  ^  jJ  nadim),  Com- 
panions, associates,  intimate  friends  who  eat 
and  drink  together. 

4^jJ  nada\  Being  moist,  humid,  wet. 
"  Moisture,  rain,  wetness. 

A^JJ  nadim f  A  pot  companion,  an  inti- 
mate friend,  a  privy  councillor,  a  confident. 
A  king's  fool,  jester,  or  buffoon. 

jjj  fumr,  A  vow,  a  promise  made  to 
6od;  a  gift,  anything  offered  or  dedicated. 
To  TOW,  to  devote,  to  present,  to  dedicate  to 
God. 

jl'dj  fumlr,  A  messenger  of  bad  news,   A 

prophet  a  preacher  (sent  to  terrify  the  wicked), 
an  apostle,  a  legate. 

{jt'^Ji  narjU,  The  narcissus. 
cU)  nizd^,  A  dispute,  contention,  con- 
troversy,  litig&tion,  lawsuit.      UW. 

c|^\  hdlat  un  nastd^  The  agony  of 

death,  the  point  of  death. 

iS\y  HMdkat,  Elegance,  politeness. 

^\jj  nizdl,  righting,  battle,  combat. 

c  JJ  iMMUf^,  To  remove,  to  carry  off,  to 
pull  up,  to  tear  out. 

ijj  not/,  Flowing  fast  (as  blood  or 
tears),  being  exhausted  of  blood. 


Jjj  nM,  A  cold  in  the  head. 

JUp  funlat,  One  descent.     Nudat,   A 
descent  or  defluxion  of  humours,  a  catarrh. 

J^  lUMtl/,  A  descent,  alighting.   \^\  J» 

•ft 

<d^  iSJj\^y  Then  she  descended  from 

the  tree,  and  drew  near  to  him,  and  came  to 
him  and  embraced  him,  pressing  him  to  her 
bosom,  and  began  to  kiss  aim. 

llbjj  nathat,  Delightful  (country).  Nmhat, 
Pleasure,  delight,  joy,  cheerfulness.   An  oma- 

jmJL  J^  ci^AmJI^,  One  day  I  entered 

her  apartment  unawares,  and  found  her  weep- 
infir,  and  heard  her  saying,  What  makes  thee 
hiae  thy  face  from  my  eyes  ?  0  thou  who  art 
the  deUght  of  mj  heart,  speak  to  me,  0  my 
soul ;  converse  with  me,  0  my  beloved !  She 
then  began  to  recite  the  following  verses.  .  .  • 


by  funif,  Debilitated  by  loss  of  blood. 

One  who  has  a  bloody  flux.    The  bloody  flux 
itself. 

LuJ  nisd,  Women,  the  female  sex ;  ladies. 

j^j  U^  jj;ft  j,^  jiySj 'LJi  ^^  W 


1^  •( 


^^jiX>- jja>-!^^^-Sfili  c-Am)^,  Never 

trust  in  women;  nor  rely  upon  their  vows; 


for  their  pleasure  and  displeasure  depend  upon 

ckets.    Thev 
for  perfidy  lurks  within  their  dresses.    By  the 


their  pockets.    They  offer  a  false  affection; 


tale  of  Joseph,  be  admonished,    and  guard 
against  their  strategems. 

-.LJ  nassdj,  A  weaver. 

ip^\*Mj  nmdjat,  The  weaving  art.. 

XydLuiJt  En  nasdsat,  Mecca. 

^lyJ  fkudtirat,  I^estorians. 

^LJ  nusdfatf  Chaff  which  flies  off  when 
winnowing. 

jLJ  nwa^,  a  series,  arrangement,  order. 


•amJ 


(432) 


mctLuJ  fuusdyijf  Textile  fiBkbricSi  woven 

ariiclefl.  [breezes. 

AiUui  noBdyim  (pi.  of  a;*amj  no^im),  Airs, 

u^  ^m»  nofiid,   Genealogy.    Extraction, 

birth,  parentage,     c:^^;.^  |^1  t  JUb  {j 


j^j-*wJj  j^yi-jVJ  u->J;fii  uo  ,V^ 

jLIt  ^  t^jj:,  0  thou,  if  then  know 

me  not,  I  will  aoquaint  thee  with  my  name 
and  descent.  I  am  the  son  of  the  dianghter 
of  the  King  of  the  Amalekites,  of  those  who 
ruled  the  coontries  with  equity. 

fMsahat,  I^portion.     NUhat^  Eo- 
lation, respecting,  regarding,   attribute,  re- 

ference.  AfSnity,  connexion.  <UuJ 
nuhatan^  Belatively,  in  respect  of,  in  regard  to. 

^.^uaJ  nashiy  Belated  to,  of  the  blood. 

Pertaining  to  extraction  or  parentage. 

»  

^  nasf,  "Weaving  (doth).     TwistiDg 
(anything). 

u'^  fkuhhf  Transcribing  a  book,  copying. 

obliterating,  defacing,  abrogating  (a  law), 
repealing  (one  by  another),  annnllmg,  reject- 
ing, breaking,  confuting.     Nmakh    (pL  of 

^^s***'),  Examples. 

^Cs^  nuskhat  or  nuakhah,  An  exemplar, 

prototype,  arcbetype,  a  copy  or  model  whence 
anything  is  taken. 

ijSi^  A  mode  of  writing.  The  peculiar 

handwriting  used  in  copying  the  Kur'an,  and 
most  prose  books,  in  Turkey,  Syria,  and  Arabia. 

jmj  noir,  An  eagle,  a  vultare.  jm^\ 
^1^1,  The  falling  vulture,  i.e.  The 
lyre  (another  constellation).  ^^amJI  an 
fuuir,  An  Arabian  idol.    yiyi^Mull 

amuur  id  tayir.  The  soaring  eagle.  A 
mystical  word  of  the  religion  of  the  Ansariah, 
signifying  mystically  the  Sun,  as  the  eagle  is 
an  emblem  of  the  sun  and  of  light,  on 
account  of  its  rapid  flight  and  its  soaring 
into  the  hifi;hest  regions  of  the  air,  where 
lufht  abound.  The  principal  remaining  part 
of  the  Temple  of  the  Sun  at  Balbec  contains 
tablets  in  the  form  of  lozenges,  on  which  is 
represented  Jupiter  sitting  on  his  eagle.  There 
is  also  the  figure  of  a  soaring  bird  sculptured 
on  both  the  gates  of  the  Temple  of  the  Sun  at 
Balbec  and  Palmyra,  of  which  the  crooked 
beak,  large  claws,  and  the  caduceus  he  bears, 
nye  him  the  appearance  of  an  eagle.  And 
this  eagle  is  the  soaring  eagle  consecrated  to 


use   u 


the  Sun,  to  which  allusion  is  here  made  under 
the  appellation  of  the  Soaring  Eagle. 

i^f»»i  iMMTf,  Aquiline. 

^^^  fuwrin.  The  narcissus. 

i^^^LmJ  noiiurlf  I^estorian. 

<— JmJ  fuuft  Winnowing  (com). 

fjMU  fuuak,  Order,  series,  arrangement, 
connexion ;  style,  manner  of  writing. 

jMui3l   an  nasak,    The   constellation 

Orion.  ^U^Jt  an  noiakdnip  Two 
stars  in  the  scales  of  Libra. 

*,*  ^"'»  naskf  Being  religious,  devout; 
▼irtuous ;  dedicating  or  sacrificing  to  Qod. 

Jyywj  nasi,  Offspring,  progeny,  lineage, 
descendants,  relationship,  stock,  race. 

mmJ  ncuantf  (Wind)  blowing  gently; 
'   breathing.  [breath. 

A4aaJ  naaamat,  The  soul,  spirit,  the 
(jmLmJ  nisndt,  A  kind  of  ape,  a  marmoset. 
^^^mJ  niswdny  Women,  ladies. 

iyMj  nanoatf  Neglecting  or  abandoning. 
Ifutwat,  Women   (the   singular   in 

ifl^l,  Awoman).  J^ljl^s^^j-Jl  ^ 

<>i>l'  L5*  \J  ^j^  ^r^'  *^^ 

^ukid^  ^Jlc  ar^t  _i.  Whereupon,  I 

began  to  attire  myself  in  clothes  of  the  hand- 
somest description,  and  to  feed  upon  the  most 
delicious  meats.  Kow  Grod  made  me  to  be  a 
hater  of  women.  One  day  I  was  walking 
through  the  streets  of  Bagdad,  when  a  party 
of  them  stopped  my  way.  I  therefore  fled 
from  them,  and  entering  a  by-street,  which 
was  not  a  thoroughfare,  I  reclined  upon  a 
ma§tabah,  at  its  further  extremity. 

j^mJ  nusikr  (pi.  of^uJ  nasr).  Eagles. 

(jwi  niswly  Womanly,  feminine. 

_mJ  nwft  Forgetting,  neglecting,  omit- 
ting. A  thing  forgotten  or  unworthy  to  be 
remembered. 

^LuJ  nasydn^  Forgetful.  Nuydn, 
Oblivion.  Eorgetfulness,  neglect,    ji^ 


liJ 


(433) 


e 


%JL^\jCJ^\^jkJi\  Jfybtj  <?.flu.4.1^j  ^^!^ 

XiU^I,  And  I  forgot  aU  that  I  bad 

suffered  from  fatigue,  and  absence  from  my 
natiTe  country,  and  difficulty,  and  the  terrors 
of  trsTel.  I  occupied  myseLf  with  delights, 
and  pleasures,  delicious  meats,  and  exquisite 
drinks,  and  continued  in  this  state. 

\^ >  noilb.  Belated  to  another. 

^ffCUot  natHjat,  A.  web,  anything  woven. 
**mJ  fuuim,  A  gentle  gale,  the  zephyr, 

fragrant  air.    uXS  J  ^^  ^  jlr  ^^jS^ 

uL^Jj  JU^K  And  there  came  forth 

upon  him  from  the  door  a  pleasant  eentle 
gale  and  an  exquisite  odour,  wherewith  the 

porter  was  delighted.  ^  c^*U9  Jj^ 
^^^'  J  ^J  J^^  ^-^  r*^' 


^lC«!f  (J^Ji  The  zephyr  was  sweet 

to  me  in  that  place,  and  pleasant  was  the  time ; 
so  slumber  overcame  me,  and  I  reposed  there. 

LmJ  nauhd,  Starch. 

c-^l£j  nashshdb,  Arrows.  JViathshdh,  An 
aiTOw  maker. 

jajLuJ  N%9hahur,  One  of  the  capitals  of 

Khorassan.    The  word  is  said  to  imply  the 
dty  of  Shapur. 

jC\ZtJ  nothddir,  Sal  ammoniac. 

i^l£J  nuthdrat,  What  is  taken  off  a  piece 
of  wood  with  a  saw. 

j^luJ    nashdtf    Cheerfulness,    gladness, 
joy,  exultation,  triumph,  pleasure,  activity. 


\,\£Jy  Lie.  ^^1  ^jBjO^j  •  »A«9-  ^^* 

•cA^l/  ^^  c;pj.  Then  saUy  forth, 

my  son,  as  early  as   the  raven,  with  the 
courage  of  a  lion,  the   perseverance   of  a 


chameleon,  the  cunning  of  a  wolf,  the  rapacity 
of  a  boar,  the  activity  of  a  falcon,  the  crafti- 
ness of  a  fox,  the  patience  of  a  camel,  and 
the  fawning  of  a  cat,  and  assume  the  double 
colours  of  the  father  of  the  colours. 

(^luJ  natkdfy  Dryness  in  the  mouth 
from  eitreme  hunger. 

^UJ  nuikdn^  A  sign,  signal,  mark,  cha- 
racter, seal,  index,  annotation.  Ensign,  flag, 
banner.  A  butt  (for  archers,  etc.).  Family 
arms,  armorial  bearings. 

jJltj  na$htar,  A  lancet. 

juutJ  nashd,  Asking,  inquiring,  heseech- 
ing  for  6od*s  sake;  saying  (to  any  one),  I 
conjure  joji  by  God ! 

jU4j  noihar,  Spreading  (a  table,  carpets, 
etc.) ;  expanding,  extending,  diffusing ;  pub- 
lishing (news) ;  dispersing,  scattering,  strew- 
ing.   Gutting  with  a  saw.     JU^^Jm^^ 

hashr  %pa  naihr,  The  resurrection  and  gather- 
ing of  the  dead  to  judgment 

ujl^  nashaf,  Ground  imbibing  water, 
or  the  water  so  sucked  up.  Black,  burnt- 
looking  pumice-stones. 

JhuJ  nashak,  Odour,  perfame.  Smelling 
anything  fragrant,  snuffing  up  perfume. 

yU  ntuhu,  Increasing,  rising,  growing 

up  (as  a  boy,  etc.);  springing  or  sprouting, 
being  produced.    A  vegetive,  vegetable. 

JumJ  naahld,  Yerses  which  people  recite, 
especially  alternately.      jLujSl  «X^i 

tuuhJd  ul  anshady  Solomon's  Songs. 

la,JuJ  fuuhU,  Brisk,  cheerful. 

^joj  naif  The  style  or  text  of  a  book. 

c^UiJ  nUdb,  The  hilt  (of  a  sword),  or 
the  handle  (of  a  knife). 

(m^U3J  nasidh,  Chivalier  tPindtutrie,    A 

swindler,  a  sharper;  one  who  sinks  people's 
money  or  goods. 

ijTjLai  fkudra*  (pi.  of  vJU^jJ),  Christians. 

t^\^  wudyih  (pi.  of  iiL^UiJ ),  Counsels, 
advices,  admonitions. 

u,,  ^.r'>  nMahy  Pixing,  planting,  erecting. 

To  erect,  establish ;  to  declare,  appoint,  con- 
stitute, ittstal ;  to  fix,  plant ;  to  elevate,  exalt, 
rear. 

L»  *.fn')^  J  Ic  ^iH-u-noihy  Appointment  to 

public  posts  of  dignity  held  under  government, 
and  dismissal  from  the  same. 

^"^  na»hy  Advising,  giving  counsel. 

\s^  ntuahd  (pi.  of  ,^«^ ),  Sincere  friends. 

28 


*/-" 


(434) 


Nuihtu  mmar,   Kebncbad- 

fj}j^  fuuranl  (fern.  ^\jaj  natranJfoi),  | 

JLj\j^\,  The  ChriBtian  xeUgion,  Chris- 
tuontjr. 

ij^  nusrat,  Aawstance,  defence.  Yictorj. 

^^^  MMrf,  Triumphal,  victorious. 

i^i^'f  niif  (pL  i^U}f),  The  half,  the 
middle  part.  j\^\  cjL^  _9,  In  the 
middle  of  the  daj ;  noon.     ^^Jloj  ^ 

iJjJt,   In  the  middle  of  the  night 
JJJ\  i^Q^'r,  Midnight 
^yfju-Oia)  nUfdmfiraf  A  semicircle. 

JUiKdj  -ntufah^  Justice,  eqnitj,  conacien- 
tionmev.  [initmineiit. 

ZJLoJ  fuu/o^,  The  blade  of  any  catting 

^y^  noiiih,  True,  constant,  sincere. 

c.  >^j,n)  fi<wi5,  A  part,  portion,  chance, 
lot ;  good  fortune ;  frte,  desdny. 

^M«d}  iViwI^I,  Nisibis  in  Mesopotamia, 

or  ,,f^**^j  NaHhln,  A  town  sitnated 
near  the  mountain  of  Ararat^  called 

4^jysr\  iJr^  ^^^  tjjyj'^'^  iJf^y  which 
is  held  in  great  Teneration,  from  a  belief  that 
Noah*f  ark  rested  on  it  This  town  is  near 
Sinjar.     Its  riTer,  which  comes  down  from 

Ararat,    is   called    ^/^U^^^,   the 

Biver  of  Hermes,  and  is  diyided  into  two 
branches,  one  of  which  is  tributary  to  the  En- 
phrates,  and  the  other  to  the  Tigris.  Nisibis 
u  celebrated  for  its  white  roses,  bat  there  is 
not  one  red  rose.  The  white  rose  of  Nisibis 
is  mentioned  in  the  Arabian  Nights,  in  the' 
Tale  of  Uns-^-wnjood  (Calcutta  ed.,  toL  ii., 

p.  357),  in  the  following  yerses :  ^^l^ 

y/h^j  si^j  V  ^"^^  r^^'  ^5^^ 


\ 


ysJj  ij^  Jj^\  ,^^  ^\  ♦  u,^j^a\ 


_3  •    "  • 


^  ^^^i«ft ,  O,  to  whom  shall  I  complain 

of  tiie  desbne  that  I  suffer,  and  mj  griet  and 
mj  diqnnetion  from  mj  bdoved,  and  the  flame 
tiiat  rageth  within  mj  bosom,  hot  which  I 
show  not,  in  my  fear  of  the  watcho*  P  I  haTe 
become  atftennated,  like  mito  a  toothpi^  by 
estrangement  and  ardour  and  lamentation  ! 
Where  is  the  eye  of  my  belored,  to  see  how 
my  state  has  become  like  that  of  the  distracted  ? 
They  tyrannised  over  me  when  they  confined 
me  m  a  place  to  which  my^  belored  can  nefer 
come.  I  beg  the  son  to  gire  a  thoosand  salu- 
tations at  the  time  of  its  rising,  and  again  at 
its  setting,  to  my  lored  one,  who  shameth  the 
full  moon  in  beauty,  and  surpasseth  in  figure 
the  slender  hrench !  If  the  rose  be  compared 
to  lus  cheek,  I  say  of  it.  Thou  resemblest  it 
not  if  thou  be  not  the  NitibUe  Horn,  The 
moisture  of  his  mouth  is  like  pleasant  wine, 
that  would  cool  me  when  a  fire  flameth  within 
me.  How  can  I  gixe  him  up  who  is  my  heart, 
my  soul,  my  torment,  the  cause  of  my  distress, 
my  beloTe^  and  my  true  physidan? — ^The 
town  of  Nisibis  is  now  called  Nuib. 

.g^  tuulh  (pi.  Ur^),  Faithful.  A 
iponitor. 

Afcydi  nasihaf,  Counsel,  advice,  exhor- 
tation, admonition;  an  adTcrtisement,  pre- 
caution.      ,  ^S.<V>rr)  c,>%i^**nJ  Ja   hal 


Uutatwib  muiihatJf  Do  you  approre  of  my 
advice  P 

r^t^oj  mufr.  An  assistant,  a  defender. 

-.IL}  nattdh,  Butting  or  striking  with 
the  horns  (as  a  xam). 

^r^  fkUh,  Butting  with  the  horns. 

^ji^  nitrUn,  "Nitre,     Natron. 

iiiaj  nut/at,  Sperma  hominis.    ^^\r.flla3\, 

The  two  seas,  as  the  Eastern  and  the  Western, 
the  Mediterranean  and  the  Red  Sea,  the 
Persian  Gulf  and  the  Sea  of  China. 


liu 


(435) 


fj!bj  natik.  Speaking  well,  eloquent. 
NtUkf  A  word,  articalatioii,  speech,  pronim- 

CIEtioiL 

jUai  nuKxdrf  Spectators,    gjiaj  fuuMdrah, 

A  telescope.  <JL^\j\iaj  naudrGt,  A 
pair  of  spectacles. 

ijUaJ    HMdrat,   A   vieW|    a   spectacle. 

Direction,  saperririoii.  A  ministiy,  depart- 
ment of  state.    Ministerial  office. 

ZiUaJ  natdfai.  Being  clean,  deaimess. 
Neatness,  pnritj. 

jt^ioj  fiMdjfi,  Order,  disposition,  arrange- 
ment. Composition  of  rerses.  A  custom, 
habit,  mode,  way  of  life,  institution.  The 
right  way,  a  right  line.    A  foundation,  basis, 

oonstitation.  JJ  A>-  i^UaJ  nindmi-jadid, 

(New  system),  Name  given  to  the  general 
system  of  ^oyemment  introduced  into  Turkey 
by  Sultan  Mahmnd  II.  in  1826,  upon  the  sup- 
pression of  the  Janissaries,  particularly  the 
employment  of  regularly  disciplined  troops. 

^UaJ  naaa'ir  (pi.  of  Sj^  natlrah),  Similar 

things,  parallel  things.  Parodies,  imitations, 
riTaf  pieces  of  composition. 

Jaj  HOzoTf  The  sight,  vision,  look.  To 
look  at,  behold,  see,  gase  upon ;  to  turn  the 
eyes  or  the  mind  towards  (any  object],  to  at- 
tend  to;     to  consider,  weigh,  rate,  yalne. 

Joj  L,i'^>"lig  tdhib  naxar,  One  who  has 
tact,  who  is  very  considerate. 

ijlaj  murai,  One  look.  l^\^t  ^t  Jjjl 


wish  to  obtain  one  glance  at  her,"  though  my 
death  be  the  consequence.  Contrive,  therefore, 
some  stratagem  for  me,  that  I  may  see  her. 

^^Joj  natarf,  Contemplatiye. 

Joj  fuuMf  See  ^Ua3.     Order,  arrange- 
ment.   A  string  of  pearls.    Poetry,  verM. 
jJoj  HMlr,  Alike,  resembling,  equal  to 

(another).      ^^^\^^Jt2j,  Looking  to- 
wards or  opposite*to  a  thing. 
^  gjVi  >  tunlf,  Pare,  clean. 

^jm\mj  nu^,  Having  a  propensity  to 
deep,  somnolent,  lethargic. 

jt\ju  na^tn  and  i^\su,  The  ostrich. 

wUHl  a'nna^yimf  The  twentieth  man- 
sion of  the  moon,  being  eight  stars  in  a  cir- 
cular  position,    of   wmeh   four   are   called 

Mjj\^\ ;  the  other  four  it}j\^\. 


}  na^.  An  epithet,  a  description. 

An  adjective  noun.  Pnuse,  an  exilogium,  en- 
comium. NafJu^mtabT,  The  praise  of  the 
Prophet  (which,  after  the  praises  of  God,  is 
inscribed  at  the  beginning  of  many  books ;  a 
species  of  invocation). 

^j^  na^9,  Sleeping,  slambering,  som- 
nolency, drowsiness. 

^LuaJ  na^dn,  Sleepy. 

4uuju  na^i,  One  sleep  or  slumber. 
^Juju  na^h,  A  bier,  a  coffin  with  a  dead 
body,    ^jl  ^^^\  \j  ^UjI  Jil  JUi 


And  his  son  replied  to  him,  0  my  fiither,  be 
thy  seat  in  liro  never  brought  low,  lior  thy 
bier  lifted  up !  Thou  hast  indeed  spoken  with 
true  aim  to  the  purpose,  and  thou  hast  taught 
me  the  path  that  is  truly  right,  and  shown  me 
how  to  attain  to  real  distinction,  and  given  me 
what  a  father  never  yet  gave  to  a  son ! 

Jju  na^l  (pi.  Jlju),  A  horse-shoe;  a 

shoe,  a  slipper,  or  anything  which  defends  the 
feet  of  man  or  beast,  a   woman's  buskin. 

UM  ^5^  j^  J^^  ^j^  kMf 


And  she  fell  into  a  violent  rage,  and  called  out 
to  the  female  slaves  and  eunuchs,  and  said. 
Seize  this  artful  old  woman,  and  beat  her  with 
your  slippers.  8o  they  fell  to  beating  her 
with  their  slippers  until  she  fiunted. 

jtMj    na^am,   Tes,    very   well,   indeed. 

U^l  J  *  *:ij\j  ^^JJf  ^^\J\  aju  (JiJUi 


l^yu  ULi,  And  she  said,  Excellent 

n  the  opinion  that  thou  hast  formed.  Then 
they  were  silent ;  and  they  passed  that  night. 
In  the  heart  of  the  King  £edr  was  a  flame  of 
fire,  kindled  by  his  love  and  passion  for  the 
Queen  Joharah,  before  even  making  her  ao- 
quaintance. 

(pi.  of  ^AM  n^wkU),  Com- 


*)u  m^am  ^pi.  or  ^^am  ni^mai), 

forts,  blessings,    benefits.      ajcII  ^  Ji^ 
waliyu*  n'tit^am,  A  bene&otor.      ' 


^ 


(436) 


^^ 


Uju  iM^i»aaBd,^^4«J(tlieBamea8Ju»,  j  ^  iwyAw,  (Reading  or  siDging)  in  a  low 
or  t^e  pL),  Benefits.    ^Ji^  aU  J^l 


ZtUju,    Praise   be   to   God  for 
benefiti! 
Uju  iM^f mmdy  Hail !  O  excellent! 

iZj\jM  ni^amdt  (pL  of  Iaju  ni^mat)^ 
Benefiti,  graoet. 

^L4«3  nu^mdnj  ITame  of  the  kings  of 
Byim    in   ArsbU,    cipecudly   of  the   lait 

^UjcJI  ijd^f  ^®  anemone. 

444U   lui^mo/,  Convenience,  ease,  affla- 

enee,  wealth.  Ni^mat,  GnMnoameaB,  benefi- 
cence.   A  benefit,  gnee. 

cUaJ  na^^  Minty  spear- minL 

«^:jyu  nu^t,  Encominms,  praises. 

iiibjmMJ   na^liau  hittah^  Let  us   fly  to 

Ood  (from  anything  wicked)!    Jyu 

ilS\j^^\j  na^suhiUM  minzalika, 

God  preserve  ns  from  that!   ^b  Jyu 

MjprJ^  ^UsmaLII  ^  na^uL  hiUahi  min 

a*ih  shaytonCr  rajlm,  God  defend  us  from 
Satan  the  accnned!  (Which  is  often  made  to 

rhyme  with  (»«>^^  ij^^-^^J^  ^^  &**^ 
hitmUlahCr  rahnumt'r  rahm.  In  the  name  of 
God  the  giacioas,  the  merciful !)  J^ 

min  shururi  anfusitta,  Hay  God  protect  ns 
•gainst  the  wickednees  of  our  own  desires ! 

mm    na^m.  Ease,  quiet,  tranquillity, 

pleasure,  afSnence,  anythiDg  j^ood  which  we 
enjoy.    The  state  of  being  in  possession  of 

every  blessing,     d^t'^^  ^^  jannat  ui 

ne^m^  Name  of  one  of  the  subdivisions  of 
Paradise,  or  one  of  the  names  of  Paradise. 


Jljjjb  J  ^^^i  j^^U  And  I  was 

blessed  with  a  thousand  children,  like  stem 
lions ;  and  I  lived  a  thousand  years,  happy  in 
mind  and  heart  And  I  amassed  riches  such 
as  the  kings  of  the  regions  of  the  earth*  were 
unable  to  procure,  and  ima^ned  that  my  en- 
-^menUi  wonld  continue  without  fiulure. 


Toice.  ^UMj  naghmat  (pi.  d^tUi 
nmgkmat),  A  soft  sweet  roioe.  A  musical  sound 
or  tone.  Mdody,  s«Bg,  modnlation ;  a  trill  or 

shake.  ^J^  jy^  iZj\ya\  Lab'  ^^^J 

^^j^^  ^i-^U^  JJj^f  He  heard  also 
the  Toiees  of  birds,  warbling  and  praising 
God  (whoae  name  be  exalted!),  with  divene 
tones,  and  with  idl  the  ain  and  modulations, 
consisting  of  turtle-doves,  heuza,  blackbirds, 
nightingales,  lingnioTes,  and  kierawans. 

^Jj  ii«/a«.  The  condition  of  a  woman 
for  forty  days  after  childbiz^h,  or  rather  during 
all  ^e  time  that  she  is  confined  to  her  bed* 

L>U>  naf&sat,  Being  precious,  exquisite. 
Goodness,  excellence,  superiority  (of  quality), 
delicacy,  richness. 

cIa3  fM^^,  Useful,  one  who  does  good. 

jU3  na/dk.  Being  saleable  (goods). 
Being  brisk  (market).  Nifak,  Hypocrisy, 
fallacy,  falsity. 

^^Uj  nafSyis,  F^redous  things.  Things 
excellent  and  esteemed,  valuables,  delicacies. 

J^  nafh,  Breathing  or  difFusing  odour. 
To  scatter  perfume,  to  smell  delightfolly.  To 
blow  (as  the  wind). 

<U^  nafhat.  One  blast  or  breath  of  wind ;  a 
fragrant  gale,  periume.  Beputation,  good  fame. 

J^  nafakh,  Blowing  (with  the  mouth) ; 
^sounding  (a  horn).    Im^iring,  breathing  into. 
Swelling. 

ji3  nafa%,  Penetrating,  pervading,  pierc- 
ing quite  through.    The  penetrating  power. 

jij  nafar,  One  person,  especially  of  the 
common  people,  a  common  soldier. 

iJu nafratf  Flight,  terror.  Abomination, 
aversion.    Bepulsion. 

fjju  nafas  (pi.  ^/*.U3^),  The  breath,  re- 
spiration.    ^jiJ^\  (Ji^,  The  asthma, 

a  difficulty  of  respiration.     ^^;-«iJ^^ 
The  hist  breath. 

^^yJu  nafi  (pi.  (^^),  The  soul,  the 

spirit,  self;   the  body,  blood,  flesh;   a  per- 
son, an  individual,  a  substance,  an  essence. 

j^\  u^  nafa  ul  amr,  The  reality  of 
any  matter,     -^S\  ^JJu  ^  fi  nafi  td 

M 

amr,  adv.  In  reality.  jj-JJU  hitmafi. 


( 437  )  ^ 


adv.   Penonally.      ^Juc  l1C«««>  4}^ 

^\iil\  ^wwid  nafsai  ^ala'l  kitdbah, 
Accustom  yourself  to  write. 

VmJ3  nafsdf  A  woman  confined  to  her 
bed  after  childbirth. 

«JLui3  nafsdnlf  Luxurious,  carnal. 

^Lua3    nafidniyat,   Spite,   a    grudge, 
enmity,  ill-will. 

ijaij  nmfadj  Shaking  (atree  oragannent). 
laij  ii0/l^,Naphtha,hitumen,liquidnaphtha . 
su  naf^  Gain,  profit,  adrantage,  utility. 


^Aso  nafakai,  The  necessary  expenses  for 

liTing.  Stipend,  salary.  The  allowance  due 
to  a  wife  and  children  from  the  husband  and 
father  for  maintenance. 

J^  nafda^  Penetrating,  piercing  through. 

Moral  influence.     Jja)  v_  -"^^y*  $dh%b 

nufuBj  A  person  of  influence,  of  great  supre- 
macy. 

j^  nafi^f  Ahhorring,  nauseating,  averse. 
(jM^  nufm  (pi.  oi^juiu  nafs),  Souls.  ^\ 

*  Jks^^  ^^ jJl  Jksr  l^\^ ,  God  knows 

that  I  am  in  affliction.  I  cannot  make  mani- 
fest the  pain  that  I  feeL  I  have  two  souls ; 
one  place  contains  one  soid,  and  the  other 
place  the  other.  I  imagine  that  my  absent 
soul  is  like  my  present,  and  that  she  expe- 
riences what  I  experience. 

^Ju  nafi,  Prohihition,  proscription.    To 

"prohibit,  interdict,  proscribe.    To  reject,  to 
refuse,  to  repulse. 

jJu  na/lr,  A  body  of  men,  especially 

from  three  to  ten.  a\^jJu,'A  general 

rising  or  expedition;  the  publishing  of  the 
arrim  ban,  a  general  smnmons  of  the  nobility 
to  appear  in  arms  with  their  troops. 

jju  nafir,  A  kind  of  musical  instrument, 

a  brazen  trumpet.  jJuj  J^,  Drums 
and  trumpets. 

^^/mmaJ  nafis  (fem.  LmJu  ),  A  precious  or 

wished-for  object,  what  one  leoeiTes  with  a 
short-breatiiing  eagerness.  Great  riches.  Pre- 
cious, delicate,  exquisite.    _S\  j^j 


J^\  l\y\  ^^  ^y^\  f^^\3j^)\ 

Ai|^\ ,  And  he  looked  towards  a  grand 

chamber,  in  which  he  beheld  noblemen  and 
great  lords ;  and  in  it  were  all  kinds  of  flowers, 
and  aU  kinds  of  sweet  scents,  and  yarieties  of 
dried  and  fresh  fruits,  together  with  abundance 
of  yarious  kinds  of  exquisite  Tiands,  and 
beyerage  prepared  from  the  fruit  of  the 
choicest  grape-yines. 

C^U}  nikdhf  A  veil. 

ii\3j  nahdbatj  Being  a  chief,  magistrate, 
or  leader  of  the  people.  The  tribunitial  or 
magisterial  dignity. 

sj^  nakdrah,  A  kettle-drum. 
fjiUj  nakidsh,  A  painter,  sculptor,  em* 
broiderer,  gilder  of  books,  jj^  \  j,a9-'\s 

iJi\  jj^Uflc;U,    And   the  Wezeer 

caused  a  whitewasher  to  be  brought,  and  a 
painter,  and  an  excellent  goldsmith,  and  pro- 
yided  them  with  all  that  they  required. 

X^U)  niHdshat,  The  art  of  painting. 

i^\su  nakdwat,  Purity. 

s^^a'j  nakb,  Digging  through  a  wall 

li;   nukabd   (pi.    of    i,^^),   Chiefs, 

leaders.  Special  magistrates  oyer  a  class  of 
people. 

j£j  nahdt  Beady  money,  prompt  payment. 

i^j^  naiUt,  Beady  (money),  belonging 
to  ready  money. 

iJSij  nahrai,  One  smack  with  the  fingers. 

^j^  nakru,  The  gout. 

^JaSj  naksh.  Painting,  embroidery,  a 
picture,  drawing.  To  paint,  to  embroider, 
either  plain  or  in  colours.    Nakth,  Carying, 

engraving.  ^\JLjii\  ^Jitli  naksh  ul 
minkath,  Taille-douce. 

^joMj  naki,  Defect,  deficiency,  diminu- 
tion, detriment,  injury.  Loss.  J^ J 
s\a£.  _i  fjoAj  ^uLe,  There  is  a  defect 

in  his  understanding.   ^UoSi  nohdn^ 

Loss.  Diminution,  deficiency,  a  defect,  fault, 
imperfection. 


(438) 


v^ 


^joaj  nakd,  Dissolation,  Tiolatioiiyroptare. 

To  demoluh,  diasolTe,  undo,  untwut.  De- 
stroying, demolishing,  polling  down,  polling 
topieoee. 

Li}  nakt,  Marking  with  points.     Ubij 

nuktaU  A  point,  a  spot,  a  stain.  A  dot,  a 
diacritical  point  of  a  letter ;  a  point  (in  mathe- 
matics). aIsaij  aLaJ,  From  point  to 
point,  ponetoally. 

wft3  nak^  Steeping  in  water.  Haoe- 
zating,  soaking.   , 

uJa)  nakfy  Striking  violently. 

4^1}  naJd,  History,  narrative,  reUtion, 
report,  aoooont,  tale,  story.  A  copy.  Com- 
piling narratires.  Transportation,  transplant- 
ing; translation  (from  one  langoage  to 
another).  To  carry  from  one  place  to  another ; 
to  tranuate,  to  relate,  to  mend,  etc.  Nukl^ 
Anything  giyen  at  entertainments  along  with 

wine,  as  fruits,  sweetmeats,  ^j^ 
JiJ\  J^y^\  ^  ^\^  JuH,  Travel- 

ling  more  widely  than  a  proTerb,.and  swifter 
than  the  moon  in  changing. 

<Ui3  ntkmat  or  nakmat,  Punishment,  re- 
Tenge.  MaleTolence,hatred.  A  distemper.  Vehe- 
mence; hardne88,Beverity.vl^:;^l^tXA] 

^ImW  clio  vjuij>-^*^^\,  Ikept 

comptany  with  thee  throogh  fear  of  thy  op- 
pression, and  flattered  thee  withont  a  hope  of 
conciliating  thv  kindness ;  hot  now,  terror  has 
descended  on  thee  and  affected  thee,  and  pon- 
ishment  hath  oyertaken  thee.  [money. 

J^  nuk^d  (pL  of  J^),  Sums  of  ready 

L^^  nukush  (pi.  of  ^Jiij)9  Pictures. 

Paintings.   j^Aii]  CXlj  (j:.J^J  jj 

i^ls^l^  jImJI^,    Then  she   entered 

that  palacCt  and  took  a  new  of  its  paintinn, 
and  saw  the  birds  and  the  fowler  and  ue 
pigeons. 

c  ySu  ittfitfl^,  Anything  dissolvedin  water, 
to  make  medicines,  drink,  etc 

^Jij  nalA,  Clean,  pure,  excellent,  ex- 
qoisite,  ehaste. 

uy*g&>  ftak^h  (pi.  La}),  a  chief,  a  leader. 
A  special  magistrate  oyer  a  class  of  people. 

M  ^Sl  ^^  nakih  id.  oihrd/,  The 


chief  or  soperintendent  oyer  the  registered 
descendants  of  the  Prophet 

^uj  nakffot,  A  word.  ^LmSj  ndlnyat  (fern, 
of  ^£3  nakl)j  Pure,  clean,  etc. 

<?.rjfl,i  naklidh,  A  defect,  imperfection, 
a  fftolt    A  yioe. 

^^o^  noMdf  Destroying  a  work,  de- 
moUshing  a  boilding.  Contrary,  adyerse, 
inimi<»l.    An  enemy. 

LnJij  naixdai,  A  competition  between 

two  poets,  when  one  repeats  a  line  or  lines,  to 
whicn  the  other  makes  an  extemporary  reply. 
A  contradiction,  conizadictory  &ct  or  assertion. 

^IC  nikdh,  Matrimony,  marriage.  Gon- 
giessos  yenereos.  The  dower  agreed  opon  as 
payable  by  the  hosband  to  a  wife. 

JlCi  nakdl,  An  exemplary  punishment, 
a  chastisement;  a  preyentiye,  restraint 
Troobles,  distrenes. 

i^X]  nakahfBeiug  afflicted,  unfortunate. 
Haying  a  pain  in  the  shoolders.  limping, 
hidting.  Miakb^  Tnyerting.  Throwing  aown 
or  away,  breaking.  Horang  the  foot,  haying 
a  stone  sticking  in  the  hoof,  and  limping. 

iSj  nakbat  (pi.  tZj\Jj),  Advenity, 
calamity,  misfortone,  affliction.  Ignominy, 
contempt 

iiij  nuktat,  A  subtile  or  quaint  conceit, 
a  nice  or  metaphysical  distinction,  a  mystics! 
si^ification.  A  point  An  impression  made 
with  the  tip  of  the  finger,  or  with  a  stick  on 
tiiegronnd. 

lLSj  naks,  Breaking^ an  agreement. 
jjl}   nakid,    Miserable,    wretched,   nn- 

happy(life).\j^  iL^^^LuJo  ya^UAan 

^mth  nakidan.  They  lead  an  onhappy  life ;  they 
are  leading  a  wretched,  miserable  iife. 

i^]J^  ntlrdn.  Not  knowing  or  acknow- 

led^ng  (another),  denying,  reprobating,  re- 
jectmg,  ropodiating. 

ijfj  nakirai,  Undetermined,  unrestricted 
indefinite  (noon). 

J^  nakg,  Driving  away,  beating  back, 
ropolsing,  trampling  opon.  Stinging  with  the 
nose  (a  serpent  which  has  apparently  no 
month).  Fixing  the  shaip  point  of  anything 
in  the  groond. 

(jyju  naki,  Inclining  downward,  invert- 
ing, placing  topsy-tnnj.  Beading  backward 
(especially  a  chapter  or  the  Alcoran). 

jCj    naklr,    Bepudiating,   reprobating. 

"HatefU,  detestable,  odioos,  disagreeable. 
Changed  for  worse.  Anything  spoilt,  fallen 
to  decay.  One  of  two  angels  supposed  by  th» 
Mahometans  to  try  the  departed  m  the  tomb. 


V 


(4S9) 


^y 


^X'f  cdI  J  Zdti  naklff  Name  of  a  place 

in  Arabia. 

mj  nammt  CalamniatiDg,  pablishing  (the 
■iyings  or  aotiona  of  othen)  in  order  to  propa- 

Sate  animorities;  to  tell  or  propagate  fake- 
oods.    Diffusing  odours,  smdling  of  musk. 

Uj  namd,  Growing,  increasing. 

aUj  nammjfm,  A  calamniator^  an  ac- 
cuser, a  whisperer. 

^  mmr  (pL  *jy*^)$  A  tiger. 

^jj^  ydmrHd,  Nimrod,  the  sixth  son 

of  Cub,  and  the  founder  of  Babylon  and 
Nineveh. 

^j0i^  nam»,  The  ichneamon  or  Egyptian 
mouse,  which  kills  the  crocodile  by  jumping 
down  his  throat 

ij^  fumathf  Being  marked  with  points 
of  different  coloun.  A  skin  becoming  so 
marked  (with  the  leprosy,  morphew,  freckles, 
etc.).    The  lines  in  paintings,  engravings,  etc. 

leMJ  namat,  A  mode,  a  maimer. 

iji^j  nand  (pi.  of  Haj  namlat).  Ants. 

ytj  narnH,  Growing,  increasing.  Be- 
coming Aill  or  deep  coloured  (especially  black 
or  red).  [modsL 

^Jj4J  numiiMef,  A  sample;  an  exemplar, 
tuuHlmatf    Detraction,   slander ; 


whisperiu]^  in  the  ear.    The  sound  of  a  pen 
when  writmg. 

mJ>\y   nuuncdh  (pi.   of  Ci-«^l^)f  Yice- 


^erents,  lieutenants,  governors ;  substitntes  for 
judgss  (the  original  of  the  word  naM)» 

^^y  nawdhi^f  Places  of  the  body  whence 
penpiration  flows  (especially  of  cameb). 

i\y  nawdt,  One  date  stone. 
^y  natptvahf  A  monmer. 

i>^y  nawwdhai,  Ahiredfemale  mourner. 

^^\y  nawdhl  (pi.  of  ^U>>l3)|  Teni- 
^tories. 

jO\y  nawddir  (pi.  of  iji^\i)t  Bare  things. 

Jjty  nawdzU  (pi.  of  ^jU),  Hisfortones. 

^\y  nawdthir  (pi.  of  ijJ^\j)f  Veins. 

MB^y    nancdshiffhf    Channels    throngh 
which  streams  run  down  to  a  ralley. 

\y  nuwdaib,   The  enemies  of  the 
Khalif  Ali,  son  of  Abu  TaHb. 

Jity  nawdjU  (pL  of  liiU),    Sponta- 
neous acts  <^  devotbn  not  prescribed  by  law. 
..  Snpeien^gatory  prayers. 


Ji^y  nawdkil  (pi.  ^U),  The  Ticissi- 

tndes  of  fortune.  Ooin^  from  country  to 
country.  Tribute  which  is  carried  from  city 
todty. 

(^M«3ly  nawdkli  (pi.  of  (j^^U),  Bells. 

fj\y  nawdl,  To  obtain;   to  receive  a 

grace,  a  blessing,  a  privilege,  a  gift,  a  fiivour. 
A  present,  gift,  benefit.  Fortune,  lot,  portion. 
A  mode,  dimension,  measure ;  any  given  weight; 
what  is  proper  or  convenient.  An  office, 
duty,  anything  that  ought  to  be  performed. 

\«^  Jjujf  ^\  C^\yf  It  is  your  duty ; 

you  ought  to  do  that.  J)y3lj  1  JJb  ^/uJ, 
That  is  not  right  or  true. 

4^1y  nawdhH  (pi.  of  J>l3),  (Camels) 
satisfying  their  thirst  at  one  drinking. 

_Jb^y  nawdhl,  Prohibitions,  things  for- 
bidden by  law. 

w.^1y  nawdytb  (pi.  of  ^uSU),  Accidents, 
revolutions  of  fortune,  adversities. 

i^\y  nawdyih  (pi.  of  JLarU  nay'hat). 
Female  mourners. 

hy  NhJmU,  or  liyi\  al  Ifahai,  Nubia,  a 

country  of  E.  Africa,  inclosed  between  Bgypt, 
the  Nile,  Abyssinia,  and  the  Bed  Sea.  Area^ 
with  Kordoum,  estimated  at  300,000  square 
miles.  Dete.  With  the  exception  of  the  im- 
mediate banks  of  the  Nile,  which  are  rendered 
fertile  by  laborious  irrigation.  Nubia  consists 
almost  entirely  of  sandy  and  rocky  deserts. 
As  the  Nile  here  seldom  or  ever  overflows  iti 
banks,  the  land  is  irrigated  exclusively  by 
wheels,  which  raise  the  waters  of  the  adjacent 
grouncb.  JCivert.  The  Nile  is  the  principal. 
JYo,  Chiefly  the  grain  called  dkourah;  also 
barley,  French  beius,  lentils  sometimes  water- 
melons, tobacco,  indigo,  dates,  senna,  and 
coflee.  No  fruit-trees  are  cultivated  except 
palms,  though  the  climate  seems  very  well 
adapted  to  tnem.  Cattle,  sheep,  and  Roau 
are  reared  by  the  Arabs  in  the  deserts ;  wAllst 
the  giraiSe  and  autelope  are  amon^  its  wild 
animals.  ClitnaU.  Intensely  hot  m  summer, 
yet  remarkably  healthy  in  consequence,  pro- 
Dably  owing  to  the  extreme  dryness  of  the 
atmosphere.  Inhabitants.  The  Nubians  are 
in  eeneral  well  made,  strong,  and  muscular, 
witn  fine  features.  Pop.  400,000.  Lat.  be- 
tween 11*  and  24**  N.  Ion.  between  28"*  and 
29°  E.  One  of  the  most  remarkable  features 
of  this  region  consists  in  the  magnificent 
remains  of  sntiquity  with  which  it  is  covered. 
Before  its  conquest  in  1821,  by  Ibrahim 
.  Pasha,  it  was  governed  by  a  neat  number  of 
independent  cniefr;  since  that  time  it  has 
been  under  the  sway  of  Egypt. 

i:y  nutat,  A  period,  a  time,  turn ;  rero* 

lution ;  anything  done  periodically ;  a  guard 
whichiareli0ved;Keepingwatch,rBlieving  guard. 


jy 


(440) 


J^ 


A  sentinel,  a  watchman.  A  crowd  of  people.  A 
circuit.  An  occasion,  an  opportunity.  An  acci- 
dent. *  Each  one  of  five  times  a  day,  corre- 
sponding more  or  less  with  the  hours  of  prayer, 
when  formerly  bands  of  Eastern  mdsic  used 
to  be  played  in  the  court-yards  of  goyemors ; 

hence  a  handy  musie.      ^y  nuhataHf 

Alternately,  successirely. 

^  y  Nuhl,  One  native  of  Nubia. 

vjy  nawtl  (pi.  (J>\y ),  A.  seaman. 

^y  nawh,  Lamenting,  complaining, 
moaning.    A  plaint,  a  moan. 

-.y  iVfi^y  Noah,     ^y  u^^  tawafan- 

nuh.  The  Flood  of  Noah.  Concerning  the 
Flood  of  Noah,  the  Ansariah  assert  that  in 
olden  time  the  Mediterranean  Sea,  the  Black 
Sea,  the  Caspian  Sea,  and  other  lakes,  did  not 
exist ;  that  their  beds  were  flat  coantries, 
thickly  inhabited ;  that  before  the  Flood,  an 
earthquake  having  broken  the  mountains 
which  constituted  that  part  of  the  continent 
between  Africa  and  Europe,  and  made  an 
opening  in  the  place  now  called  the  Straits  of 
Gibraltar,  the  waters  of  the  ocean  were  let 
loose,  and  penetrated  and  began  to  cover  every 
day  more  and  more  the  immense  countries 
which  now  form  the  bed  of  the  Mediterranean 
Sea  and  the  other  seas  and  lakes ;  that  Noah, 
who  was  a  man  of  great  foresight,  fearing  that 
the  whole  face  of  the  earth  would  be  covered 
with  the  water  of  the  ocean,  hastened  to  take 
refuge  in  Asia  Minor,  near  Mount  Ararat, 
where  he  built  his  Ark,  which  he  never  used, 
since  the  water  of  the  ocean,  after  having 
formed  the  Mediterranean,  the  Black  Sea,  etc., 
having  arrived  at  the  same  level  with  those 
seas,  stopped  in  the  same  limits  as  they  are 
now,  or  a  little  more  or  less,  according  to  the 
respective  places;  that  all  the  people  of 
the  other  countries  of  the  earth  did  not  suffer 
the  slightest  harm  from  this  partial  flood; 
that  even  the  majority  of  the  mhabitants  of 
the  flooded  plains  were  saved,  as  the  waters  of 
the  ocean  did  not  rush  all  over  at  once,  but 
took  a  long  time  to  cover  those  immense 
plains.  The  same  Ansariah  add  that  the 
whole  narrative  concerning  Mount  Ararat,  the 
animals  sheltered  and  saved  in  the  Ark,  the 
raining  for  forty  days,  the  episode  of  the 
raven  and  the  dove,  etc.,  are  nothing  but 
mere  romance.  The  same  Ansariah  assert 
also  that  the  destruction  of  what  is  called  the 
Ave  cities  took  place  in  consequence  of  the 
eruption  of  a  volcano  then  burning  in  that 
country,  which  swallowed  not  only  five  cities, 
but  a  great  number  of  flourishing  towns. 
Such  are  the  assertions  of  the  Ansariah,  which 
are  quoted  here  as  the  most  strange  of  their 
oral  or  written  traditions. 

<l>-y  nawhat  (pi.  (JLj\»^y  nawhdt).  La- 
mentation, crying  over  the  dead  (as  female 
mourners). 

jy  nUr,  Light,  the  raya  of  light,  splen- 


door.  ^tijl^jiy>  Light  of  the  faith. 
jAji\jy  nUr  ul  ^akl,  The  light  of  the 
mind.  It^jy  J^j^yr  Wt  ^^ 


SUw^  L»4J  /^^viJ,  And  upon  her 

forehead  were  two  jewels,  the  light  of  which 
was  like  that  of  the  sun ;  and  she  seemed  as 
though  she  were  looking  at  the  people,  and 
obsenring  them  to  the  right  and  left. 

0fitrar-aitRttramyaA,  The  Book  of  the  I^ht 
of  the  Brilliant  and  Luminous  Lights.  Tnis 
is  the  title  of  a  religious  Arabic  book  of  the 
Shamsiyah,  or  Worsnippers  of  the  Sun,  treat- 
ing of  the  worship  of  tne  Sun.  The  author 
nndortakes  to  prore  that  the  Sun  is  (rod  Him- 
self; that  the  Sun  was  from  all  eternity,  and 
wUl  endure  and  remain  for  ever  and  ever; 
that  the  ancient  nations  of  the  Earth  wor- 
shipped the  Sun  because  they  weU  knew 
that  he  is  the  true  Ood  ;  that  the  Sun  is  not 
only  self-existing  and  uncreated,  but  be  is 
also  the  creator  himself,  and  he  has  created 
and  creates  every  Aaj  new  worlds ;  that  he 
maintains,  keeps,  guides,  and  rules  the  mil- 
lions of  millions  of  existing  worlds,  which  he  at- 
tracts and  draws  towards  himself,  and  to  which 
he  gives  life  by  his  infinite  power  and  wiadom* 
The  author  treats  as  puerile  tales  and  ridicu- 
lous &bles  what  was  written  of  the  letter  mnit, 
which,  though  but  one  letter,  yet  is  composed 
of  three  letters — m.  t.  m.  He  proves  that 
when  the  worship  of  the  Sun  was  the  only 
eulU  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  Earth,  the 
world  was  flourishing,  and  that  at  the  appear- 
ance on  the  Earth  of  the  m.  ».  m.  the  happmeas 
and  prosperity  of  mankind  vanished ;  that  all 
those  legislators  and  prophets  calling  them- 
selvea  the  Sent,  the  A^MMtles  of  (Md,  the 
Saviours  of  Mankind,  are  nothinjj^  but  miser- 
able worms,  who  will  die,  and  with  them  will 
die  their  work,  whilst  God,  who  inhabits  the 
Sun,  will  renuiin  for  ever  and  ever ;  that  all 
men  ought  to  return  to  worship  the  Sun,  the 
true  Gk>a  of  Nature,  and  rebuild  his  temples 
and  the  ancient  towns,  not  that  he  wants 
temples  or  worshippers  whilst  millions  of  mil- 
lions of  worlds  are  adoring  him  every  minute, 
but  to  put  an  end  to  the  evil  and  mischief 
created  ov  the  different  and  contradictory  re- 
Hgions  which  are  the  work  of  man,  and  in- 
spire the  greatest  hatred  against  one  another, 
and  which  have  caused  the  shedding  of  blood 
of  so  many  millions  of  human  beings  for  mere 
nonsense.  If  all  men,  says  tite  author,  return 
to  the  worship  of  the  true  God,  who  is  the 
Sun,  they  will  live  as  brothers,  and  be  happy 
and  nrosperous ;  and  this  happy  change  can 
be  enected  without  the  slightest  collision  with 
the  existbg  state  of  thinn.  Do  not  the  Jews, 
the  Christians,  and  the  Mussulmen  believe  in 
God  P    Yes.    Is  not  the  Sun  the  throne  of 


*   • 


(441) 


V 


6odF  Tea.  Then  let  tliem  abjure  all  the 
paerile  tales  and  ridicnloiu  fables  which  are 
contained  in  their  books,  and  adopt  and  make 
the  following  profession  of  faith  three  times 
every  daj,  kneeling  before  the  SnUf  and  saying 

three  timea-^i^!^  yttAJ*^^^  ^\1\  iiS^ 
^jM^JJ  ^/-^^  {jM^Si  i^\  There  %$  no 

god  but  Oodf  and  the  Sun  it  the  throne  of 
Ood.  Holy!  Holffl  Holy!  Let  them,  be- 
sides, do  good,  plant  gardens,  bnild  towns, 
give  themselyes  to  trade,  and  do  whatever 
tends  to  promote  and  increase  the  happiness  of 
man.  Such  are  the  precepts  of  the  nligion  of 
the  Worshippers  of  the  Sun,  the  true  God. — 
**This  Work  is  Terr  well  written,  and  contains 
at  the  end  many  hymns  composed  in  honour 
of  the  Sun,  and  inspirine  the  fear  of  Grod ; 
tbey  are  so  perfect  and  so  beautiihl,  that  th^ 
fill  the  heart  and  the  mind  of  the  reader  witn 
loTe  and  Teneration  for  the  Snn«" 

kJ^j^  nUranlf  Serene,  light,  clear. 

Xjt^y  nUr&niyat^  The  light  of  tlie  in- 
tellect 

j%j9^  miir-rita.  The  day  of  the  Temal 

equinox,  generally  called  (JUaLi Ji^y 
Mow-ritf  euUani,  The  royal  new  (year's)  day. 

^^J)J  nUrayn  (dual  oblique  of  jy),  Both 
the  lights,  i.e.  sun  and  moon ;  also  the  eyes. 

jO\j^y»  ndshddirf  Sal  ammoniac  (lued  in 
tinning  reasels  and  soldering). 

cy  naw^  (pi.  ^y^)i  A  species,  kind, 
sort.  ^/*fc^^  ^y.  Species  and  genus. 
U>-  cy,  A  kind  of  vexation,  any- 
thing perplexing.  \jJb  cy  ^\  ^ 
^y^\  fnin  an  naw^  haxal  jUkh,  Of 
what  kind  is  this  cloth  ?  f  ^  i^^ 
1«3Jb  yb  ^^^^s>-  0y  naw^kaifwdn  ku  hatd, 

What  sort  of  animal  is  this  i  \cy 
nawan^  Somewhat,  in  some  manner. 

t^y   naw^,    Constituting    a   species, 
"spedfle. 

i^y  nauf,  Hanging  oyer,  appearing 
abore,  eminent. 

jiy  nu/ar  or  naufar,  The  water-lily, 
nenuphar. 

^y   nawfalf   A  munificent  man.     A 

present,  a  handsome  youth.  The  name  of  a 
man.  [worn  by  Arabian  women. 

4u1jj3  nawfabyai^  A  kind  of  woollen  veil 


Jy  nam.  Weaving  loom. 

ily  nawlat,  One  largesse  or  gift.  Any- 
thing, somewhat.  ^y3^  The  area  of 
the  temple  of  Mecca;  that  which  surrounds 

A^l,   or  the  sacred  indosnre,  see 

^Jj«     Nillat,  Anything  obtained. 
f^iy  nau^/On,  Freight, 
^y  naum,  Sleep,  slumber,  'li^  cuv^^ 

^^L^  LlUwil^l  i^  •  ^^/i  C-i-^  ^^1 

uuJLiyi^U\^yJ\^JJ^ 
^yi\  ^yt^l  J\j  ♦  ^^  ^bJ\  f.l^\ 

^U!  ^  ^UJ  JJ  •  1^1:-^  ^ 

*  U^^ '  ^^y  ^  ^  disappointed  in  the 
accomplishment  of  my  vow,  if  after  your  ab- 
sence 1  know  pleasant  sleep !  My  eyes  could 
not  be  doeed  after  your  separation,  nor  did 
rest  delight  me  after  tout  departure !  It 
would  seem  to  me  as  tbough  x  saw  you  in 
sleep ;  and  would  that  the  yisions  or  sleep 
mignt  bo  real !  I  lore  sleep  without  requiring 
it,  for  perhaps  a  sight  of  you  might  be  granted 
inadieam! 

^y  nUmat,  Careless,  sleeping  away  an 
opportunity.    Nuwamat,  Somnolent,  sleepy. 

c-^li|}  nahhdb,  A  plunderer. 

j\^  nah&r^  The  day.  The  diffusion  of 
light,  making  things  visible,  wsl  tl^ 
j^y^%  A  day  shining  with  light,  a 

bright  or  serene  day.  1;  V^  ^i  ^7 
night  and  day.    V^Sb  ^Jlc  \juSsj  U^ 

jlfJ\  J^  hinnSL  nufaitish  cala*  hastd 
tul  rnma^Vf  We  were  seeking  for  this  all  day. 

ij^  i\j^\  ^j  i^\^  Aib\Jd3  U)jj 
^\J,\^  Ji»  -131  ^J^\^\J^ 

j^\  And  probably  he  remembered 

his  family  and  his  mother,  who  is  an  old 
woman,  and  he  imagined  that  she  was  weeping 
for  him  during  the  hours  of  the  night  and  the 
periods  of  the  day  (during  day  and  night 
without  interruption). 

^l^  nihayaif  The  end,  extremity,  term, 
goal,  boundary,  butt    Excess.     ^ 


(443) 


J*3 


^sj\^f  He  hit  the  mark,  he  gained  his 

end.  j^'i\  Sj\^,  The  end  of  the  matter, 
finally,  upon  the  whole,  to  conclude. 

}  nahhf  Bapiiie,  plander,  epoil.    To 
plunder  and  carry  off.    ^^Ju\t>-  U«aJj 

tiyiai\  JuU*  (Ji^  jftftMi  AfJx^  L^i^^J 

l^K  ^  :^\  ^}^  ^  j^.|y,A2id 

we  feared  them,  lest  they  shonldplnnder  our 
goodi  and  our  commoaitaes.  Tney  are  the 
moat  hideous  of  beasts,  and  covered  with  hair 
like  black  felt,  their  aspect  striking  terror; 
and  no  one  undentands  tneir  language. 

j^  nahr  (pl«^f  and  jl^f),  A  river,  a 
stream.  a)LJ\^,  The  river  Tigris. 
M^\j\j^  Nahr  Ihrdhim,  The  river 
Adonis.  jiJ^\je  Nahr  el  ITehlr,  The 
river  Elentheroa.  jy^'^^ji^  iVa^  el 
JDdmflryTheriverTamjras.  k^^(1\j^ 
Nahr  el  Kalb,  The  river  Lycus.  j^ 
CD\j}i\  Nahr  el  FarAt,  The  river  Eu- 
phrates. ^\si\j^  Nahr  el  ^H;  The 
river  Orontes.    (ji^ji^  Nahr  Ebwek, 

The  river  Challifl.  ^jj^ji^  I^<ihr 
uzerkOf  The  rirer  Jabboo  of  the  Scriptures. 

^J^jJl  j^  Nahr  addqfla,  The  river 

Tigris.     f^*^ji^j^  Nahr  el  ordan,  The 

river  Jordan.     \jy^sr^/^  Nahr  AhUn^ 

The  river  Arazes,  or  Jazartes.     j^ 

^^sa»-  Nahrjlh^fif  The  river  Phasis, 

or  Bactrus.     ^^^^^^  iVtfAr.flAdn, 

The  river  Cydnus.   ^^jt^^  ^^^^  ^  ff»A 

hain  el  nahratn  (literatim,  what  is  between 
the  two  rivers,  Tigrit  and  Euphratea),  Meso- 
jiotamia.  Although  rivers  are  nrequently  men- 


tan,  wbicn  is  sometimes  designated 
"  the  river,"  without  any  addition,  as  is  also 
the  Nile,  and  occasionallv  the  Euphrates.  In 
these  cases  the  tenor  of  the  discourse  must 
determine  which  is  the  river  actually  intended 
by  the  sacred  writers. 

1^^  nahri,  Elaviatic,  belonging  toa  river. 
ij^  nahaatp  An  ocoasion.     See  Lpji. 


J^  nahuww,  Prohibiting,  forbidding. 

jj^J  nuhud,  The  breasts  of  a  girl. 

ijoj^  nuhud,  To  get  up,  to  rise. 

^^  nahjf,  Prohibition,  an  interdict  To 
"  prohibit,  forbid. 

L^^m{t  nahlh  and  l^^,  Plundering,  espe- 
cially infidels.    Any  kind  of  spoil. 

JL|}  nuhffatf  An  interdict,  a  prohibition. 

Anything  forbidden. 

fj^  nahlk,  The  braying  of  an  ass. 
^  nojfff,  Meat  (raw). 

vJ  nl,  Me.     y<^  ^0  lo^^  ^^' 

i)[J  niydhat,  A  turn,  period,  etc*  A 
vicegeroncy,  lieutenancy.    Depntyship. 

Jl^IJ  niydhaty  Weeping,  lamenting. 
Lamentation,  a  complaint,  a  moan. 

aLj  ntydm  (pi.  of  JO),  Sleeping. 

^  niyat,  Intention,  purpose,  design, 
resolution,  will ;  the  object  or  end  of  delibera- 
tion. l.j^\  JI/UJ  J  vl^^  Ja 

hal  ft  niyatak  an  iutajlr  Ua*  ouropOf  Do  you 
intend  going  to  Europe  P 

jj  nlr,  A  yoke  for  coupling  oxen. 

^\^  ri^rdn,  Fires,  flames. 

^^^t  annlrein  (dual  oblique  of  ^), 

or  ^jy^^  annlrein,  ^j\*j^^  ann^dn. 
The  two  lights,  both  luminaries,  the  sun  and 

the  moon.    ^^j^\j^  MrunnlrMii,  The 

mystery  of  the  two  lights,  the  great  secret  and 
mystery  of  the  religion  of  the  Ansariah,  which 
is  communicated  to  the  candidate  after  a  great 
many  ceremonies,  engagements,  and  oaths, 
that  he  will  never  divulge  it  to  any  one.  A 
secret  which  would  cost  the  life  of  him  who 
should  be  so  guilty  as  to  re  real  it. 

^Lamj  nledn,  A  Syrian  month  corre- 
sponding to  April.      ^UuJ  iZj\Jiai, 

Drops  of  spring  rain,  which  aro  believed  to 
proauce  pearls  if  they  fall  into  sheila,  and 
venom  if  they  drop  upon  serpents. 

L,SJ  nay/,  Excess,  surplus,  redundancy. 
Some  (from  three  to  ten).  Excellence,  good- 
ness, beneficence. 

JJ  nayl,  Obtaining,  acquiring.  What- 
ever one  acquires.    To  obtain,  to  arrive  at. 

4JJ  Nilf  A  town  situated  on  the  Eu- 
phrates,  between    Bagdad  .and  al  Eufah^ 

JJiW/,TheriverNile.  J-i  or  J-Jt^, 


tOi* 


(448) 


A  eelebrated  riyer  of  Eutem  Africay  which 
trmTenes  E^jpt  through  its  whole  extent, 
ud.  by  iti  mondatioii,  produces  all  the  fer- 
tili^  for  which  that  country  is  distinffuished. 
It  18  formed  by  the  union  of  the  Sahr-el- 
Abifld,  or  White  River,  and  the  Bahr-el- 
Aarek,  or  Blue  River.  Its  source  is  beUeved 
to  be  near  the  equator,  to  within  4"  of  whidi 
it  was  traced  by  M.  Bruoe-RoUet  in  1864. 
In  Sennaar  it  is  joined  by  the  Bahr-el-Azrek, 
according  to  Bruce  a  much  smaller  river  than 
the  Bahr-el-Abiad,  which  rolls  three  times  the 
quantity  of  water  as  its  rival,  and  has  its 
epaBnel  always  fhll;  while  the  Abyssinian 
river  is  great  only  after  the  rains,  and  could 
not  of  itMlf  force  its  way  across  the  Nubian 
desert.  Havingjpunuedits  way  a  considerable 
apace  fiurther,  it  receives  the  Tacazze,  after 
which,  for  a  ooune  of  about  a  thousand  miles, 
it  ii  not  fed  by  any  river,  scarcely  even  by  the 
amallest  rivulet,  but  rolls  its  stream  over  an 
immeasurable  expanse  of  sandy  desert  Before 
reaching  JE^^pt^  it  forms  two  .celebrated 
cataracts.  In  passing  through  Up^r  Egypt, 
it  is  confined  between  two  mountain  rau^, 
which  leave  only  a  nairow  strip  on  each  side. 
Near  Cairo  the  valley  widens,  and  the  river 
then  spreads  itMlf  over  a  wide  and  level  plain 
of  the  Delta.  It  separates  into  branches,  of 
which  there  are  now  only  two  of  any  import- 
ance,— the  Rosetta  and  the  Damietta  branch. 
The  ancients,  however,  numbered  seven  mouths 
br  which  this  great  river  entered  the  sea. 
The  inundation  of  the  Nile,  caused  by  the 
tropical  rains,  begins  to  be  felt  about  the  17th 
of  June,  and  continnee  till  August,  when  the 
river  ii  at  its  height,  and  all  the  level  parts 
of  the  country  are  overflowed.  From  its 
■apposed  source,  including  its  windings,  it 
has  a  length  of  about  8000  miles,  and  is 
the  only  Urge  trc^ical  river  which,  by  its 
periodical  ioundations,  fertilises  a  country  en- 
compassed in  a  great  part  of  its  course  by 
sandy  deserts.  These  inundations  have  been 
made  the  means  of  feeding  canals  constructed 
by  the  Egyptians  to  distribute  the  water  as 
widely  as  possible  over  the  country. 

(JJ  nl/,  Indigo.    Indigo  grows  without 

cultivation  on  the  banks  of  the  Jordan,  in 
the  country  of  Bisan,  and  only  requires  care 
to  make  it  of  an  excellent  quality. 

(^^mj  NlMwahf  Nineveh.    A  great  and 

&mous  city  of  the  ancient  world,  the  capital 
of  the  Assyrian  empire,  is  supposed  to  have 
stood  on  tne  E.  bank  of  the  Tigris,  opposite 
to  the  modem  dty  of  Mosul.  It  was,  till 
lately,  supposed  that  its  site  was  identical 
with  that  of  the  village  of  Nunia,  or  Nebi 
Tunes,  containing  the  tomb  of  Jonah,  about 
three  miles  from  the  river,  upon  and  sur- 
rounded by  vast  heaps  of  ruins.  LaU  86° 
20'  17"  N.  Lon,  43°  10'  17"  E.  Other  vast 
mounds  of  ruins  exist  at  Khorsabad,  about 
ten  miles  NN.E.  from  Nunia,  and  at  Nimrad, 
abont  eighteen  miles  S.,  in  the  anrie  formed 
bv  the  junction  of  the  greater  Zab  with  the 
llgris.     It  ii  not  possible  to.  say  which  of 


these  mounds  may  really  represent  the  site  of 
the  city.  They  appear  to  consist  of  the  ruins 
of  palaces,  or  other  great  public  buildings; 
and  may  either  have  been  within  or  beyond 
the  city  walls,  or  may  have  been  in  different, 
though  contiguous,  cities.  It  seems  against  all 
probabiUty  to  suppose  that  Nimrud  and 
iLhorsabad  were  included  in  the  same  city. 
Nineveh  was  the  residence  of  the  Anyrian 
kings,  and  a  city  of  such  commercial  import- 
ance, that  Nahum  thus  apostrophiies  her: 
^  Thou  hast  multiplied  thy  merchants  above 
the  stars  of  heaven."  ^iii  16.)  She  was  be- 
sieged and  taken  by  Arbaces  the  Hede,  in  the 
eighth  century  b.o.  ;  but  it  appears  to  have 
bMu  regarded  as  the  capital  of  the  Assyrian 
empire  aown  to  612  b.o.  nearly  three  centuries 
after  Jonah's  prophecy  of  her  destructioD» 
when  she  fell«  after  a  protracted  si^e,  into 
the  hands  of  Ahasnerus,  or  Cyaxares,  Sing  of 
Media,  who  took  ^  spoil  of  silver  and  gold, 
and  no  end  of  store  and  glory  out  of  all  the 
pleasant  furniture,"  making  her  **  empty, 
void,  and  waste."  (Nahum  li.  9,  10.)  The 
spoil  was  taken  to  Ecbatana,  the  citizens  were 
oispersed  in  villages,  and  the  Assyrian  empire, 
which  had  for  centuries  been  the  glory  of  the 
Eastern  world,  gave  way  to  that  of  the  Medes 
and  Persiaiis.  It  seems  certain,  howeveri 
either  that  the  city  had  not  been  wholly  de- 
stroyed,, or,  which  \b  most  probable,  that  a 
new  ai^d  inferior  city  had,  at  a  subsequent 
period,  grown  out  of  the  ruins  of  the  more 
ancient  city.  The  supposed  ruins,  or  mounds 
opposite  to  Mosul,  have  the  appearance  of  low, 
abrupt  hills,  and  have  been  long  known  to 
contain  bricks,  entire  as  well  as  in  fragments, 
and  pieces  of  gypsum,  with  inscriptions  in  the 
wedge-formed  character,  closely  resembling 
those  of  Babylod.    Within  the  last  twenty 

5 ears  they  have  been  partially  explored  by 
^  Ir.  Botta,  and  by  Mr.  Layard ;  and  their 
investigations,  especially  those  of  Mr.  Layard 
at  Nimrud,  have  been  in  the  highest  degree 
interesting.  What  was  supposed  to  be  a 
shapeless  mass  of  earth  and  rubbiah  has  been 
found  to  include  the  ruins  of  a  royal  palace 
in  nearly  as  good  preservation  as  the  remains 
of  Pompeii.  It  appears  to  have  been  of  a 
gigantic  size,  and  nad  been  enriched  with  a 
vast  variety  of  sculptures,  including  winged 
human-headed  lions  and  bulls;  statues  of 
monarchs,  generals,  and  priests,  and  other 
pieces  in  basto  rdmot  some  representing  war- 
like achievements,  and  othras,  scenes  of  peace- 
ful life,  executed  with  infinite  spirit  and^  on  a 
grand  scale.  This  extraordinary  diBinterment 
of  a  royal  residence,  buried  2600  years  ago, 
while  it  illustrates  some  of  the  most  import- 
ant portions  of  sacred  and  profame  history, 
shows  that  the  reports  that  have  come  down 
to  us  of  the  wealth,  greatness,  and  magnifi- 
cence of  the  Assyrian  monarchs,  have  not  been 
in  any  d^iree  exaggerated.  The  walls  and 
portions  01  the  statues  are  covered  with  cunei« 
form  inscriptions,  and  should  means  be  found 
of  interpreting  them,  they  will  duclose  a  part 
at  least  of  the  true  history  of  the  empire.  The 
palace  of  Nimrud  appears  to  have  been  de- 


z^^ 


(444) 


ol 


•trojed  hj  ib«,  and  the  nmaiiis  Ibmid  m  it 
hare  obnooflj  beloni^ed  to  diffnrcBt  epoehM, 
the  most  remote  extewliDg  It  fiv  back,  perbmp 
M  the  14th  or  I5th  eentnry  B.&  Some  of  the 
moet  interestiii^  of  the  Ninerdi  loilptBRB 
are  now  lodged  m  the  *"  "' 


^  fpowy  The  twenty-nxth  letter  of  the 
Anbie  alphabet  In  arithmetic  it  denotes  6, 
and  in  the  Ephemerides  it  is  tihe  chaiaeter  for 
Friday,  and  tne  sign  libim. 

^  tffa.  In  ooDstnictioii,  has  general]  j  the 
power  of— And,  too,  also;  with,  hy. 

jttZi\j  and  IfJkSt^,  And  may  there  he 
health,  then  fuewell  (a  formula  of  salutation 
pat  sometimea  at  the  end  of  letters.  i\^. 
Bat,  besides,  etc.  See  )1.  ^tj.  By 
God.  ^Jaj&\  ^\^,  By  the  great  Ood. 
iJ^Wta,  Upon  the  whole.  See  J^^W. 
^^,  Bat.     See  ^.     K.B.  In  most 

instances  J,  as  a  conjunction,  may  be 
constnxed  hj  and. 

^\^  wdsik,  Confiding,  secure,  depending 
upon.    Fimu  solid. 

i.;..^!^  vajib  (pi.  fern.  UuL^-l^),  Neces- 
sary, expedient,  proper,  wortiiy,  conrenient 

Fit,  right, due.  6 IjI^v,^-^!., Worthy 

to  be  obeyed.  J\l2>^'i\  c^^^t^  l^eces- 

sary  to  be  performed.  ^^J\  ^^^^^j, 
Deserring    to    be    honoured    or    obeyed. 

Ja:i\  «.-^c>-!j,  Eespectable,  worthy  of 

regard.  JjLiSI  V^|^>  Deserving 
death.  c^^^IjIIj  Necessarily,  de- 
servedly. lzjL^S^,  Necessary  things, 
whateyer  is  proper,  expedient,  or  reqnisite  to 
he  done.    ^Uj  jj\  iZjL>-\^\  ^\,  The 

most  necessary  or  important  points  relative  to 
religion. 

>^\^  wdjid,  An  inventor,  one  who  finds. 
1^  wdhid  (fern,  iji^lj),  One,  sole. 


^j;-jy  J^\^,  One  or  two.  j-p^  ^ 
Jk>-1^,  In  one  and  the  same  place,  in 
one  place.     s^\j  juu  J^f^,  One  after 


another.  «x»^1a  ^J^,  Eveij  one.   \jk»^1^. 


f.x».1y,0nehyone,  separately,  singlj. 

CS^\^  iv^'j  ^^h  di^S  J^!^ 


1^  w»,>.«..'y'lj.    And  his  sister 

said  to  him.  Mention  tiiem  to  me,  for  I  know 
them.  He  proceeded  therefore  to  enumerate 
them  to  her,  one  after  anottier,  and  she  said, 
I  approve  not  of  this  for  my  son ;  nor  will  I 
marry  him,  sare  to  her  who  is  like  him  in 
beauty,  loveiimea,  intelligenoe,  religion,  polite 
aooomplishmenti,  kindness  of  nature,  dominion, 
rank,  and  descent. 

Q  J^^  wadi^  Leaving,  letting  alone, 
i^jlj  wd<f!,  A  valley,  any  low-lying 

ground.      v<^y  ^'^^  tcddi  IfiUa\ 

Hit  the  Taller  of  Moses),  is  the  site  of  Petra, 
the  £dom  of  the  prophecies.  When  the  exigen- 
cies of  commeroe  required  a  situation  better 
suited  than  Karak  for  the  collected  population 
and  increased  opulence  of  the  Naoatei,  the 
appellaaon  Petra  was  transferred  to  the  Wadi 
Musa,  which  place  had  before  been  known  to 
the  Greeks  bj  the  name  Aroe  (Am).  When 
the  stream  of  commerce,  which  had  enriched 
the  Nabataei,  had  partly  reverted  to  its  old 
Egyptian  channel,  and  nad  partly  taken  the 
new  course,  which  maiie  a  Palm^  in  the 
midst  of  a  country  still  more  destitute  of  the 
eommonest  eilts  of  nature,  Wadi  Musa  be- 
came gradually  depopulated,  and  ito  inhabi- 
tants returned  to  their  natural  state  of  divided 
wanderers  or  small  agricultural  oommunitieB. 
Its  river,  howeyer,  and  the  intricate  reoesses 
of  its  rocky  yalleys,  still  attract  and  give 
security  to  a  tribe  of  Arabs,  who,  nererue- 
lesB,  as  if  influenced  by  the  prejudices  of  their 
forefathers,  interdict  all  approach  to  the 
stranger.  Indeed,  until  recently,  the  prohibi- 
tion announced  by  Edom  to  Israel,  **Thou 
shalt  not  go  through,"  seemed  destiued  never 

to  be  removed.    jy&\  v/O^j  JFddl  al 

Ohor,  The  Valley  of  Ohor.  This  valley  is 
continued  to  the  south  of  the  Dead  bea. 
About  sixteen 'hours'  distance  from  the  ex- 
tremity of  the  Bead  Sea,  its  name  is  changed 
into  that  of  Araba,  and  it  runs  in  almoet  a 
straight  line,  declining  somewhat  to  the  west, 
as  far  as  Akaba,  at  the  extremity  of  the 
eastern  branch  of  the  fied  Sea.  The  exiitence 
of  this  valley  appean  to  have  been  unknown 
to  ancient  as  weU  as  to  modem  geographers, 
although  it  is  a  very  remarkable  feature  in 
the  geography  of  Syria,  and  Arabia  Petnui 


jV 


(445) 


(>S 


and  18  still  more  interesting  for  its  produc- 
tions.  In  this  valley  manna  is  still  foond; 
it  drops  from  the  sprigs  of  several  trees,  but 
principally  from  the  Gharrub.  It  is  collected 
oy  the  ArabSf  who  make  cakes  of  it,  and  who 
eat  it  with  butter :  they  call  it  Assal  Beyrok, 
or  the  honey  of  Beyruk.  Indigo,  gum-arabic, 
and.the  silk-tree — called  Asheyr,  whose  fruit 
incloees  a  white  silky  substance,  frt>m  which  the 
Arabs  twist  their  matches — grow  in  this  valley. 
It  is  inhabited  near  the  D^  Sea  in  summer 
time  by  a  few  Bedouin  peasants ;  but  during 
the  winter  months  it  becomes  the  meeting- 
place  of  upwards  of  a  dozen  powerful  Arab 
tribes.  It  is  probable  that  the  trade  between 
Jerusalem  and  the  Bed  Sea  was  carried  on 
through  this  valley.  The  caravan,  loaded  at 
Esion-Geber  with  the  treasures  of  Ophir, 
mighty  after  a  march  of  six  or  seven  days, 
deposit  its  load  in  the  warehouses  of  Solomon. 
TMs  valley  deserves  to  be  thoroughly  known ; 
its  examination  will  lead  to  many  interesting 
discoveries,  and  would  be  one  of  the  most 
important   objects  of  a  Palestine  explorer. 

^\  ^J\j    JFddl  al  MM,    "  The 

Valley  of  Salt."  About  eighteen  miles  to  the 
south-east  of  Aleppo  is  the  Valley  of  Salt,  or 
the  Salt  Lake,  from  whence  all  K'orth  Syria 
is  supplied  with  salt^  The  valley,  which  is 
about  five  miles  long,  and  between  two  and 
three  miles  broad,  is  partly  skirted  by  a  chain 
of  low  rocky  hills,  bnt  stretches  out  on  the 
other  sides  towards  the  Desert  as  far  as 
the  eye  can  reach.  The  rains  which  fall 
during  the  winter  months,  and  the  river  Dahab 
(or  the  Golden  River),  together  with  the  little 
temporary  torrents  which  descend  from  the 
bordering  hills,  join  with  the  springs  rising 
in  the  valley  itself,  and  form  a  shallow  but 
very  extensive  lake,  the  water  of  which  being 
exhaled  by  slow  evaporation  in  summer,  the 
salt  separated  from  the  soil  beneath  is  left 
crystalUzed  on  the  surface,  forming  a  crust  on 
the  valley,  varying  in  thickness  from  one  to 
two  inches.  In  the  month  of  August  it  is 
collected,  and  put  into  sacks,  and  conveyed  to 
the  village  of  j  abbul,  to  be  kept  in  magazines 
till  the  period  of  sale.  This  Valley  of  Salt 
is  mentioned  in  the  Bible :  *'  And  David  gat 
him  a  name  when  he  returned  from  smiting  of 
the  Syrians,  in  the  Valley  of  Salt,  being 
whteen  thousand  men."  f2  Samuel  viii.  13.) 
There  is  another  Valley  of  Salt,  near  Palmyra, 
which  is  supposed  to  m  the  one  mentioned  in 

Samael.  Uu  jlS  4^jtj  W&dl  Kadisha, 
The  Valley  of  the  river  Kaifisha,  which  river 

is  called  now  ^Ia  ^^ji^  f^hr  aha  ^l, 

which  divides  Tripoli  into  two  parts.  This 
valley  is  deep,  very  luxuriant  in  vegetation, 
and  rich  in  scenery  of  the  most  picturesque 
description.  It  is  altogether  one  of  the  most 
agreeable  panoramic  views  in  Syria,  as  it  is  also 
one  of  the  most  favourite  places  of  resort  with 
the  inhabitants  of  Tripoli,  on  their  respectiTe 


Sabbaths  and  feast-days.   Jy[  J^  v/^l? 

JFadt  Kandll  (lit.  the  Valley  of  the  Lamp| 
is  between  Antioch  and  Latakia,  a  delightful 
and  charming  valley;  its  sides  are  clothed 
with  forest-trees  of  every  kind. 

)j\^  wdris  (pi.  ijjij),  An  heir,  c:  ^ ,« y^ 
j^s^  ^l^U  ijj\^  xJju  Uilkr^^ 

wonder  at  the  fool  who  leaves  behind  him  to 
his  heirs  whatever  gains  he  has  accumulated. 
They  gather  Us  goods  together,  and  then  shed 
at  his  tomb  apparent  tears,  behind  which  lurks 
the  joy  of  the  heart 

i}j\^  wdrid,  part.  Coming,  arriving, 
approaching,  joining. 

^\\^  tpdzin,  (Money)  of  just  weight. 
Weighty,  ponderous,  weighing  justly. 

i!^\^  wantahf  Instrumentality.  A  me- 
dium, a  means.    Intervention,  mediation. 

«^lj  tDdsi^  Ample,  large,  capacious, 
spacious.  ^)«ai!t  ^^^^t  Of  enlarged 
beneficence.  j^\  cl^ J  c->U  IJ^Jj 

•^1   2-^^^f>   And   we   entered  his 

avilion,  and  found  in  it  a  wide,  open  space, 
ike  a  wide,  large  court. 

^^^^  wdshi  (fern.  i^J^^^),  A  whisperer, 
"  slanderer,  an  informer. 

i^^Aa\^  icdatf,  A  praiser,  a  describer. 

^^^   tadsil,    part.   Joined,    connected, 

coupled.  Arrived,  met.  One  who  joins,  meets, 
arrives. 

^•tftj  todsi  (fem.  <U<0|^)>  A  testator. 
^\^  wddih  (fem.  pi.  iljU-^l^),  Evi- 

dent,  manifest,  clear,  undoubted.  ^ 
isf^\^f  An  evident  proof,  an  undeni- 
able argument.  c:.^lsr^|^.  Evidences, 
things  incontrovertible,   j^^-^  ^^  ^\^ 

d^lJ  wddih  mifh  ^yin  ndteh,  Self- 
evident,  c:.^  (iXj^Ll^JdU  l::^^!  ^^ 

*  JLJUI  Jiobb  ^jIJ  Xi  *C/jJii 
JUi  j^  *  l^\^\  cir^Ub  ^^joiJ^ 


-/"' 


J^J 


(446) 


"ii 


«*    «• 


•  issr\J\j  I  And  Bhonld  my  life  be  pro- 
longed after  tboa  art  no  more  (bat  may  it 
neTer  be  mine  to  taste  thy  leas),  I  will 
practise  the  good  maxims  wnicb  tbon  hast 
taught  me,  and  follow  the  example  of  thy 
distmguisbed  excellence ;  so  that  mexr  may 
say,  **  How  is  this  night  like  yesterday's,  and 
how  the  morning  cloud  resembles  the  clond  of 
the  eyening ! " 

c\^  wddi^,  part.  Placing,  establishing. 
One  who  establishes.  ^yUSf  t^l^ 
(or  (jM^QI  t^l?)'  -^  legislator. 

tXclj  wd^id  (fern,  ij^^j),  Promising. 

loe ^j  iod^iZf  A  preacher,  a  monitor. 

i^\^  wd^tyat,  (A  woman)  retaining 
anything  by  memory.    Attentiye. 

Jjlj  todjld,  Arriving. 
ji\j  todfir,  Abundant,  plentiful,  copions ; 
much,  many;    rich,  opulent      \js\^ 

wdjiran,  Sufficiently,  enough.  ^^jS^ 
a  species  of  verse.  <Uu  Jj  ^\  ^  uuJl^ 

i^l  ^  iiJU  •  JuJ\j  ^\  ^ 

And  he  had  a  daughter  of  surprising  beauty 
and  loyeliness,  surpassing  in  elegance  and  in 
eyery  grace,  endowed  with  abundant  sense, 
and  eminent  polite  accomplishments. 

ci^^  wdfl  (fem.  iffs\^),  Sincere,  honour- 
able, faithfdl  to  promises  or  engagements. 
Complete,  perfect,  entire,  full  (weight).  Plen- 
tiful, copious,  numerous,  many.  Ui!^ 
wajiyan.  Fully,  completely. 

^\^  iodki^j  Falliug ;  befalling,  hap- 
pening,    arriring,     occurring,    interyening. 

JWl  ^t^.  The  state  of  the  case,  the 

thing  as  it  happened.     \mj\^,  In  fact, 

really,  happening  thus.  ^\^\j^\, 
The  falling  yulture,  i.e.  The  constellation  of 

the  Lyre.     ^^^^  A  transitive  verb 

in  the  Kufio  dialect.  (iCll^^Jx^Jl. 
wakif^  ^alayih  eth  thakf  Suspected,  suspicious. 

£et^  wdki^at,  An  accident,  a  misfortune. 
A  battle,  encounter,  conflict 

culiulj  tpdki^t,  Accidents,  events. 

ut^  wdkif,  Standing,  stopping,  re- 
maining, staying.  Eipert,  skilful,  learned, 
intelligent,  yers^  in,  experienced.  A  testator, 
one  who  leayes  anything  by  last  will. 


*i\^  wa  iUd,  But,  yet,  still,  however, 

neyertheless,  notwithstanding;  unlets.  If  not, 
otherwise. 

J^Wl^  to'Mdnl,  Upon  the  whole. 

jJl^  iodlid,  A  father.  ^^oJlj  and  ^;£  jJ|;» 
Parents.  [The  queen  mother. 

i^\^  wdlidai,  A  mother.    ^UaLJ^  i*^^^, 
iSi\j  w'allahh  By  God.     Ji^l  s5i\^ 

fjiJ^\  By  the  favour  and  assistance 

of  God  (placed  after  the  exordium  or  preface 
of  a  book;  ss  praying  for  Diyine  aid  in 
fimshing  the  work).  [proyinoe. 

^1^  wdh,  A  prince,  a  governor  of  a 

i^^\^  wdwl,  A  kind  of  fox,  which  is  so 

called  in  Syria  in  imitation  of  its  howl ;  and 
in  Egypt  called  dib,  or  ufolf.  The  wftwfs  go 
in  drofes,  and  freouent  the  enyirons  of  we 
towns,  where  they  reed  on  what  carrion  they 
can  find.  They  neyer  attack  anybody,  but 
are  always  ready  to  save  themseWes  by  flight. 
£yery  evening  they  seem  to  giye  each  oUier 
the  watchword  to  berin  howling,  and  their 
cries,  which  are  yery  doleful,  sometimes  last  a 
quarter  of  an  hour. 

i\j  tDdh  or  Ijbtj  (An  interjection  of  ad- 
miration), 0!  wonderful!  excellent!  \^\j 

^Ji^l  L«  ^  tpdhd  lahu  md  atyahahu,  O 
how  excellent  it  is !    (Also  an  inteijection  of 

pain).  Oh !  alas!  ^Uj!^  cJl J  Jl£  \i|^ 

Ah!  how  delightful  was  that  time  and  its 
sweetness !  the  days  when  I  was  at  ease  firom 
all  aniieties ! 

Li^^Jbl^  tpdhih  and  ^Ub^^,  A  giver,  one 
who  bestows.    Liberal,  generous,  monifieent. 

J^jll  i^^St>\^,  The  giver  of  existence ; 

JU2II  ^m^\^9  The  granter  of  desires ; 

and  CL>U-l«ll  c--%a'j,  The,be8tower 
of  necessaries,  t.c.  God. 

Mlb\^  wdhim,  Thinking,  imagining,  being 
of   opinion.     Fearing,    doubting,   (ancying. 

iAJb\ji\  iydl  alkuwat  al  wdhimah,  The 
creatiye  faculty  of  the  imagination. 

J^^^  wdhl  (fem.  ^Ljt\^),  Easily  loosed, 

diaiBolyed,  or  broken. 

bj  wahd^  The  plague,  pestilence,  or  any 
epidemical  disease. 

Jbj  wahdl^  Destruction,  ruin,  perdition. 


UlI 


.    *  i\)^,  No  longer  attempt  to  beguile 

me ;  for  tbou  wilt  not  attain  ihj  object.  What 
thoa  seekest  from  me  is  impoanble ;  thoa  bast 
■ovn ;  and  reap,  then,  Texation,  and  final  de- 
etr  action. 

j^  wahar,  The  hair  or  wool  of  camels, 
goata,  bares,  or  other  animala  of  a  toft  kind. 

yi^\  Jjb\,  The  Komades,  or  wild  Arabs 
(becanae  they  lire  in  tente  of  goats'  hair,  in 

oontradistioction  to  jSa^\  ^\,  The 
Arabians  who  dwell  in  towns). 

jJ^  watad,  A  pile  or  stake  driven  into 

Uie  ffronnd.  A  tent  per.  a  stake.  Name  of 
two  Kinds  of  elements  wnich  eo  to  the  forma- 
tion of  a  foot  in  Arabic  prosody. 

y^  waiar  (pi.  J^^)f  The  string  of  a 

bow  or  harp,  also  a  string  by  which  a  bow  is 
hang  np.  The  diameter  of  a  rectangular 
fi^^ore,  the  hypothennse  of  a  riffht-angled 
triangle,  the  side  of  a  triangle  which  sabtendi 
an  angle. 

p^  toiir,  A  special  volantary  prayer  per- 
formed in  addition  to  the  fire  canonical. 

9jmj^  watire,  A  road,  pathway ;  a  mode, 
manner. 

^b^  ufUah,  A  rope  for  tying  animals.  A 

ligature,  chain,  rope,  or  any  fastening.  A  pact, 
compact 

J;jU^  wasdyik   fpl.   of  ^J^^   wasliah), 

Tmstworthy  things.  Assurances,  securities; 
letters,  documents. 

CL>IJ^  tCMobdt,  Assaults,  irruptions. 
^^  woBoka,  He  confided  in.    To  con- 
fide, to  have  confidence.  uL^\  (^tjUli 


(447) 

U 


n 


l|Lij^  V^^y  ^  when  the  king  saw 

what  she  did  to  him,  his  love  for  ber  increased, 
and  his  desire  for  ber  became  violent  He 
imagined  that  she  was  enamoured  of  him,  and 
he  confided  in  her,  and  proceeded  to  embrace 
her  and  to  kin  her. 

^Jj^  WMon,  An  idol,   ^^j ,  An  idolater, 
a  pagan.  [upon. 

j(y^    woM&k,    Confidence,    dependence 
^jJ^  waaik,  Pirm,  solid,  constant.     J^fc 

(J^^t  A  firm  confederacy,  ^a^^  ^, 
The  decree  of  a  jndge. 


Ja^^  taoMat,  Confidence,  faith.  A  con- 
federacy, compact,  treaty,  promise,  engage- 
ment   A  letter,  writing,  obligation. 

Jcf-^  wufd  or  wafd,  Discovering,  pro- 

curiiu^,  finding,  reoorering  (anything  lost  or 
searched  for) .  Being  transported,  in  an  ecstaoy 

of  love.  Ecstacy,  excessive  loye.  \y\j\ 
j\JaJi\jc^    ij^U^  ly  b,  They  excited 

loTC  in  my  heart,  and  departed;  and  tar 
distant  hath  their  abode  become.  Reason 
foFMok  me  when  they  withdrew,  and  sleep 
and  patience  abandoned  me. 

^^j  waja^,  Disease,  pain,  affliction. 
Complaint,  mourning.  ^3*^UJ\  t-^J» 
The  rheumatism.     ^/^Ui  7-^)  ^^'^^ 

errdif  Theheadache.  (jmjA\  %^^  sx^ 
fjndoh  wafaf^  addtrsy  He  has  a  toothache. 

JuCS\  ^9-j  ^  l/^^  yoihiaH  min 

fcty'af^  al  kibd.  He  has  a  liver  complaint 
Js*-^  toafl,  Fear,  terror,  apprehension. 

i^^  wafnat  (pi.  d^lisj-^),  A  cheek. 
im^^^umjub,  Necessity,  obligation,duty. 
J^^  wufud,  Invention.  Existence,  sub- 
stance, essence.    cJUmi  ^  c^l^L« 

♦  J^yi  mS.^  U^''  ^®  ^^  missed 


not  who  gave  thee  the  name  of  Delieht  of  the 
World.  0  thon  who  art  possessea  of  both 
delight  and  liberality !  0  thon  whose  counte- 
nance surpasses  in  beauty  the  full  moon,  and 
whose fiicediffuseslightoTer  all  existing  beings. 

j-j  wc^h  (pi.  9j>'^),  The  face,  visage, 

aspect,  countenance.  Effigies,  presence,  ap- 
pearance, shape,  semblance,  surface.  The  front 
or  anterior  part  of  anything.  A  mode,  manner, 

reason,    ratio,   method.      ^i\  ^Xs- 

ji^S^\,  According  to  the  mode.     \^^ 

'yr^^  cT*'  ^^  ^^  shape,  if^^t  The 
chiefs  (of  a  country,  city,  society.)  ^ 
*^^'  J^»  ^^  o^cry  shape,  entirely, 
every  way.    Jlaj  ^  ^jLp  ^Jb  'Ur* 


(448) 


\J. 


Jt^\^JsJi\  L^Jj^  VjO,  Then  there 

came  to  them  a  crier,  after  they  were  buried, 
saying :  Where  are  the  thrones,  crowns,  and 
apparel  P  Where  are  the  faces  which  were 
veiled  and  curtained,  and  on  which,  for  their 
beauty,  proverbs  were  composed  f 

tpajli,  Epitomized.    J::^^  /«^y  A 

short  nervous  discourse.  [patient. 

«^^j    wajl^f    Pained,    bearing    pain, 

^U>>^  icaflh,  Of  a  noble  presence;  re- 
spectable, 4igiufied  (man). 

^U-j  ioah&m,  The  longing  of  a  pregnant 
woman  for  any  particular  food. 


-  •  wahad  or  wahid^  Sole,  alone,  sepa- 
rated, unique,  incomparable.  vj:^\ 
vl/jk^-^  anta  tpahduka,  Thou  alone. 
SS^^  yb  htL  tpahduhu,  He  only.  ^ 
ifS»^^  lahu  tcahduhu,  To  him  singlj. 
^tX>-j  j^  lahum  wahduhum.  To  them 

only.  L::..^^ir  ij:^^!  Ul  ijt^fT  c^'  (^ 

JUjl  L/^»  "^^^^  Joharah,  awaking 
from  sleep,  was  informed  that  her  father  was 
taken  a  captive,  and  that  his  guards  had  been 
slain.  So  she  went  forth  from  the  palace,  and 
fled,  alone  by  herself,  to  one  of  the  islands. 

i^\s^^  wahdani,  Pertaining  to  the  unity 

"of  God. 

Zj\j^^^^  wahdantyat,  Unity,  singularity. 

The  divine  quality  of  being  one  only  Ood. 
is>-y  wahddt,  Being  single,  alone,  or 

solitary.    Unity.    A  solitude. 

^jJuL^-^  waJuh  (pi.  ^^^)>  -A.  wild  beast, 
a  fierce,  untamed  animal. 

iJL>^^    ioaJuhat,    Pear,    dread,    terror, 

horror.    Wildness,  fierceness.    Sadness,  soli- 
tariness.   Desolation  caused  by -the  absence  of 

lo^erswhomwemiss.  c:>.^uevjliL::,J^j 


iJL^P  * 


*  ^OyJU  ^\j\  ^\  il\  ^1  ^,  Thou 

hast  gone,  and  made  the  house  and  those  who 
inhabit  it  desolate.  Thou  hast  rendered  my 
clear  draughts  turbid.  Thou  wast  my  aid  in 
every  adversity,  and  my  honour  and  glory 
among  men,  and  my  great  reliance.  Cancelled 
be  the  day  whereon  thou  wast  taken  from 
my  sight,  until  I  see  thee  return  to  me ! 


^J^*»-^  washl  (fern.  ^LJtv>-^),  Wild  (man 

or  beast).    Fierce,  savage,  rude,  untractable, 
uncivil.    One  wild  beast  or  savage. 

Jl>.j  ioahal,  Black  tough  clay;  a  marsh; 

mad,  mire,    j^  ^}^^j^\  cJ^  ^-Lc 

^la*  tarafannahr  umhl  katTr,  There  is  much 
mud  on  the  river  side. 

iri^^  tpuhuah,  Wild  beasts.     Sav^ages. 

_»^^  wahy,  Eevelation^any  thing  (divine) 
suggested,  inspired,  or  revealed  (by  vision  or 

otherwise).     (JIjj  t^^*  Divine  reve- 
lation. 

Ju».^t(7aAl<2(fem.  iiju»-^).  Alone,  unique. 

Single.    ^jJI  Ju>.^,  The  phosnix  of 
the  age. 

(t^j  wakhlm,  Noxious  and  unhealthy. 
Jj  wid  and  J^J^  waddd,  A  friendly  and 


affectionate  attachment.  j1  Jjl  ^  cli>Lf>-  \^ 
jlarHI  (JL^lUU^j,  The  duties  and 
relations  of  friendship  and  amity.     ^ 


Be  ready  to  return  to  friendship,  and  be  not  so 
obstinate  in  being  so  rancorous.  Enow  that 
he  who  delivereth  a  soul  from  destruction  has 
saved  it  alive,  and  he  who  saveth  a  soul  alive 
is  as  if  he  had  saved  the  lives  of  all  mankind. 

^Ijj   wada^,   Farewell.       ^J^\  5;Uj 

ziyarai  ul  wadaf^  The  visit  of  taking  leave 
before  leaving  the  country.  The  visit  of  wish- 
ing farewell.  *if^^Uljj  Jl^(.lCc^J^ 


11 


*  >^:^1>  Bidding  thee  farewell  is  like 


CJ3 


(449) 


^JJ 


Viddiog  life  ^newell,  and  die  lorn  of  fhee  li 
like  the  loss  of  the  zeph  jr !  Thine  aheenoe  is 
like  a  fire  that  hnmeth  mj  heart,  and  in  thy 
preaenoe  I  enjoy  the  Gaiden  of  Delight ! 

^\j^  wadd^at.  Being  quiet,  mild,  placid. 
HildnesB,  meekneiL 

^  J^  waddyi^  (pL  of  ^«>^),  Deposits. 
TnutB,  things  oomndtted  to  one'i  keeping. 

c  J^  wad^  To  commit  anything  to  the 
keeping  of  another  as  a  depont ;  to  deposit. 

Uj|^  wuda^  (pi.  of  ^4>^)y  Mild,  meek. 

ZcJ«  wad^i  (pi.  cl^Uj^),  a  kind  of 

shell  commonly  called  the  concha  Teneris, 
used  in  smoothing  paper,  cloth,  etc. ;  also  a 
small  white  shell  (nnng  roand  the  necks  of 
children,  cattle,  etc.,  as  a  defence  against 
fascination). 

J« J^  wadud.  Loving,  friendly,  affection- 
ate. JjJjIt  dL^\,  The  affectionate 
king,  •'.«.  God. 

^ J^  icadt^,  Qoiet,  placid,  mOd,  tame ; 
well  broke,  manageable. 

^  J^  wadi^tf  A  deposit,  trnst,  whatever 

is  committed  to  another's  charge.  Subjects 
(as  committed  to  the  charge  of  the  king). 

\j^  uHird^  What  is  behind.      '\j^  ^, 

Behind,  on  the  hinder  part  ji^^*]j}^f 

The  ^  country  beyond  the  river,  ue.  Trans- 
ozania,  Tartary,  or  Toran  beyond  the  Oxus. 

4jt^^  tcirdiah,  The  inheriting,  entering 

into  possession  of  an  inheritance ;  an  inheri- 
tance. 

t^j^  warhj  Transverse,  obliqae. 

U;^  tcarasd  and  Zjj^  waritat  (pi.  of  v^i^ 
tcarii),  Heirs. 

ijjj^  taardat,  One  rose.    J;^  col.  Bose. 

i^J;^  wardl,  Bosj. 

(^j>^  war$,  Saffron ;  also  a  plant  like  the 
sesame,  pecnliar  to  Arabia  Felix.      - 

4i,^  wariat,  A  precipice,  a  labyrinth. 

Any  danger  or  difficulty  in  which  one  is  em- 
barrasseol 

9f^  tparac,  Scmpnlousness,  apprehen- 
sion of  doin^  wrong.  The  fear  of  Ood, 
temperance,  chastity. 

^j^  waral,  A  leaf  of  a  tree  or  of  paper. 
i^^'Ji]  J)  d^ji^  JL«i  sattar  wardkah 
tumma  oktob,  Bule  your  paper,  then  write. 


kJ  (J-A  (J  (j^  cr^j  ^3  izxv  c^ 

Were  I  to  enlain  the  bnmings  I  am  under- 
going, and  the  sickness  and  ecstasy  of  lore, 
and  iwlpitation,  neither  paper  nor  pen  would 
remain  upon  the  earth,  nor  ink,  nor  a  scrap 
upon  which  to  write. 

iJj^  waraiatf  One  lea£  A  letter,  billet, 
schedule,  paper.  [(skin). 

Aji^  waram,  Swelling,  becoming  inflated 

^l«;j  warmdn,  Swollen. 

Jjiji*  wur&dy  Arrival,  coming. 

vjT;^  wara\  Men,  mortals.    ^  ^J^^j^ 

Am«^\  ^  j»»*6^\  ^^f  The  worst  of 

men  is  he  whose  CTcry  to-day  is  worse  than 
his  CTery  yesterday. 

c^*^^  warih,  Anything  preponderating, 

as  the  load  on  one  side  of  a  horse.  A  part 
of  anything,  especiallT  prominent  or  project- 
ing.   Crooked,  cunreo. 

Slj^warid (and  Jj  tjlf  |J;»9^),The jagnlar 

veins  on  each  side  of  the  neck. 
^j^  wari^  Abstinent,  continent. 

»j^  waasa  (col.  j^),  A  goose. 

ij\j^  fohdrat  or  wa%dratf  The  dignity 
of    vizir,    minister,    or    privy     counsellor. 

l/*^^  if^lj^'.  The  office  of  prime 

minister  or  grand  vizir. 

jj^  wi%r,  A  crime,  sin,  fanlt.   A  harden, 
a  load,  anything  heavy  or  oppressive. 

\jj^  unuard{'pl.  of^  U),  Vizirs, jJrivy  conn- 
sellers,  ministers  of  state.    /^^^iJ^jJ^ 

Illustrious  vizirs,  endowed  with  honour,  and 
magnificent  vicegerents  of  exalted  dignity 
(titles  given  to  ministers  of  state). 

^Jj  wasHf  Weight,  measure.    Metre. 

djj^  waxnat  or  icmnah,  A  weight.     A 

talent,  a  shekel.  A  certain  measure,  a  mode 
of  weighing. 

jU  tcazlr  or  vatlr,  A  vizir,  a  counsellor 
of  state,  minister,  a  vicegerent,  or  lieutenant 

of  the  king.  fiaci\jij^\,  The  grand 
vizir,  the  prime  minister.    ^  if 

29 


cr!J 


(450) 


And  he  informed  him  that  he  had  two  daughters 
and  a  Bon.  And  the  King  sent  for  them,  and 
caused  them  to  06me,  and  married  one  of  the 
daughters,  and  the  otiier  hemarried  to  the  vizir. 

IFjLc*  wUdda  (pi.  JjLj^)y   A  cushion, 

pillow,  couch  or  day-hed. 

^Lc^  wasdiai,  Mediation,  intercession. 

Mediocrity  in  point  of  quality. 

^^\^^tpaidwis,  Fears,  alarms,  anxieties. 

Eyil  suggestions,  infernal  whisperings.  The 
temptations  of  the  derfl. 

^L:^  wmayU  (pi.  of  <lL^),  Causes. 

Pretexts,  excuses.  Means,  oocarion  (for  doing 
something).  [Nastiness. 

^j   waaakh,    Being   dirty    (garment). 

la^^  fcasat,   The    middle,    the  centre. 
Centrical.      Anything  of  a  middling   sort 

i2.ij^l^.  In  the  middle.  liLuJlla^^, 

In  the  middle  of  winter.  \aJJ\  )a^^, 
The  ecliptic. 

_k^  unt8ta\  Middle.    Middling. 

^j  wu8^,  Growing  large,  ample,  pa- 
tent, obvious.     Ability,  capacity,  capability. 


\^^^'i\  lliJ  M  Uliii  h,  But  if  I 

be  unable  to  perform  thy  want,  God  imposes 
not  upon  a  pexvon  aught  sare  what  he  ii  able 
to  aocompliBh. 

iju^^  tomcat,  Latitude,  amplitude,  spa- 
doUsness.     Conyenience,   opportunity,  ease. 

iS!Ujk3  HLmW  ^««mJ  UJlc  0^*^-\  ^^^ 

And  if  he  allege  as  a  pretext  to  us  the  extent 
of  his  dominions,  the  kingdom  of  the  son  of 
our  sister  is  more  extensiTe  than  his  kingdom, 
and  has  more  numerous  troops  and  aides-de- 
camps ;  for  his  kingdom  is  greater  than  the 
kingdom  of  her  father. 

Jh^  wask,  To  load  a  ship,  to  charge  a 

Tessel.      iuL)^  icaskat,  Cargo. 

wj  tcoifn,  Marking  with  a  hot  iron  (man 

or  beast). 
i^^  iotsmat,  A  mark  ;  making  a  mark. 

^i^  wattn.  Drowsy,  sleepy.      Wiasan, 
Slumbeiing,beginningto  sleep.  Slumber,  sleep. 


i^Iamm  woiw&s  and  ^y^^,  Temptation 

of  the  deyil,  insanity,  distraction  of  mind, 
melancholy.  Siqierstition.  Saq»iaousnew. 
Mistrust. 

Vij-^  woiit  (pL  Ua^iSj),  A  mediator. 

ilurf^  woiilat  (pi.  JjLij),  Propinquity. 

affinity.  A  cause,  occasion,  conjecture.  ^  A 
means,  a  fiivourable  conjuncture,  oj^rtunity, 
pretext  or  exenae  (for  doing  something). 

j^^i^  wMlm    (fern.  <U«.<»j),   Beautiful, 

handsome,  elegant.  [whisperera. 

iU^  vmhat    (pL   of    ^\^),    Spies, 

Aja^  iciihdhf  A  girdle,  belt,  zone,baldrick. 

iLi^  woihayatf  Playing  the  spy,  whis- 
perer, informer,  accuser. 
fjJU^woihakfi^^  ammoniac.  Assafodtida. 

^^WMhl,  Painting,  embroidering,  dye- 

"ing  (cloth).    Lying,  colouring  a  story  with 
falsehoods. 

i^Wi  wMBdfy  One   who  describes   or 

praiaes. 

J  Lrj  «7«a J,  Meeting,  interview,  tiU-d' 

tiu  with  one's  beloved.  Joining,  conjunetioD, 
enjoyment  of  any  desired  object.  Attainment, 
fruition;  collection.  Uniting  in  friendahip, 
society,  or  coi^ederacy.  Being  annexed,  con- 
nected, adhering.  JU^sJU  l^j  iii\  \cj 


*  *i^  JjJuJ\j  SU-  J-tfj!^  ^,  God 

guard  a  face  that  is  veiled  with  lovelinees. 
The  full  moon  is  its  slave,  and  the  stan  are 
its  servants.  In  beauty,  I  have  never  beheld 
her  equal ;  and  from  her  motions  the  branches 
might  learn  to  wave.  I  beg,  without  imposing 
on  yourself  a  trouble,  that  you  will  pay  us  a 
Tisit,  to  which  we  attach  the  greatest  Talue. 
1  give  you  my  soul,  perhaps  you  will  accept 
it;  for  to  me  union  will  be  Paiadiae,  and 
ayeision  will  be  hell ! 

\j\^j  wiuayd  (pL  of  ^^)9   Precepts, 
commandments.     Testaments.     \j}^} 

^1,  The  commands  of  God.  The 
decalogue. 

lJ^  woiff  Description,  narrative,  ex- 


y^i 


(451) 


J'i 


enoomium.    An 


presBion  of  qualitieB,  pniie,  enoomii 
attribute,  epithet,  quality,  property. 

^^  wasl  (or  iLaj)f  Conjunotion,  attach- 
ment, enjopient  of  the  Moiety  of  friends; 
whateyer  joinB  or  oonplea.  ([Gonjanction. 

^d«0j  tputlah,  A  piece  of  wood ;  a  Beotion. 
^Litfj  watil,  Copalative,  oonjanotive. 

(Jy^^  wiuul,  Arriyal.  ^^jll  i^»^f  On 
his  arriyal,  when  he  arrives.   Jl>-j^  \  J^^ 

l^   ^U^  J^J\  ^JL^^j^^j^ 

f^\i^\,  When  behold,  a  man  came 

forth  from  beneath  the  earth,  and  he  called 
to  me  and  pursued  me,  and  said  to  me,  Who 
art  t^ou,  and  whence  hast  thou  come,  and 
what  is  the  cause  of  thine  arriTal  in  this  place  P 

^^j  wiUi,  An  ezecntor,  a  guardian,  a 
"  tutor  (of  children  or  pupils). 

7^  iOtuHyat  (pi.  l^l^j),  A  precept,  man- 
date, command.  A  last  will  or  testament. 
The  following  are  the  five  commandments  nven 
by  Noor«ed-lkn  to  his  son  Hasan  Bedr-ed-Din : 

JUUI  ^U  ^  ^  JluJ  1  j^I^UjJ 
JJJJ,  LJl  ^^.^  yUrX^  iJjjill  ^ 

^^^,  Be  not  familiar  with  any  one, 

and  thus  thou  wilt  not  be  subject  to  any  one's 
mischief;  for  retirement  is  security.  Do  not 
associate  with  womankind,  and  neyer  trust 


them.  y>^\j^^.X^1  ^^j^i 
iXAf^  cl^  liy  (jd^  U.^1^,Hateno 


maut  and  oppress  none,  lest  fortune  oppress 
thee,  as  in  this  world  fortune  ii  one  day  for 
thee,  and  another  day  against  thee.  Eyeiy- 
thing  on  this  earth  is  debt  and  repayment,  for 

and  against  thee.  Jxl11jl:l^4mJ1  Aji\ 

^  JJ  ^  ^Ul  <^^  ^  C^f^ 

^i^bjUjlarc:«v«MdS\  /^yAoonstom 

thyself  to  taciturnity;  occupy  thyself  with 
thine  own  defects,  that  thou  mayest  avoid 
noticing  those  of  other  people.  It  is  said 
that  security  and  safety  consist  in  taciturnity. 


jaJ^S  c-^^  ^^  jixJ\  j«xJ1,  Beware 

of  drinkin|^  wine,  for  it  is  the  source  of  every 
kind  of  mischief!  Wine  makes  any  one  lose 
Ids  intellectual  faculties.    Beware  I  beware  of 

drinking  wine!    uXlU  ^  ^^JJ^lJ 

JLJ\^,  0  my  son,  have  care  over  thy 
wealth,  and  thy  wealth  will  have  oare  of  thee ; 


ance  of  the  least  of  mankind.  Have  care 
then  of  thy  money,  as  money  is  the  ointment 
which  cures  and  heals  all  diseases  and  in- 
firmities, [friend. 

Jmm0j  fTotf/  (fem.  ^lL^j),  An  intimate 

wJjf9iii^(pl.  ^^j\).  Situation,  posi- 
tion, imposition,  disposition,  condition,  state, 
gesture,  action,  conduct,  mode  of  living  or 
acting,  op6rati9n,  performance,  procedure.  To 
place  or  ky  down  upon ;  to  establish  or  lay  a 
foundation.  To  deposit  anything  with  another 
to  keep. 

^j  toadu,  A  sacred  ablation. 

^yfij  wuduh,  Clearness,  plainness,  hejng 
evident,  manifest  [base,  low. 

^^j  fvadi^t  Ignoble,  plebeian,  mean, 

JjlLj  fraMyiii,Thefoandations  (of  a  house) 

jJ^j  waiad,  Establishing,  confirming, 
joining,  consoydating. 

^Jb^  uHttan  (pL  (^Itj'),  A  country,  a 
dwelling,  residence,  abode,  wherever  one  lives, 

natiira  or  not.    Home.     ^;^^f  ^..^'w 

^^UjJI  ^,  The  love  of  one's  country 

is  an  article  of  religion.     ^U^!  iV^ 

*-^>  cr«  iJ?^  cK  </  ^^'.  The 

wise  and  learned  do  not  obtain  hoUoor  by 
staying  at  home ;  leave,  therefore,  thy  native 
country,  and  go  abroad.  Were  it  not  for  the 
ocoultations  of  the  moon,  the  eye  of  the 
observer  would  never  watch  her  constancy. 

l^fj^  watwdtf  A  bat,  a  rere-mouse. 

^^  (for  't^)  waty,  Treading  under 
foot  Haying  oamal  connexion  with  a  female. 


u. 


(458) 


jJsTj  wattdf  Pirm,  fixed. 

4^l]cp^  wat&yif  (pi.  of  ^^i^j)^  Public 
employments. 

2i^^wa%\faty K^irsixm^  Btipend,  salary, 
soldier's  pay,  an  allowance  of  provisions. 

Uj  iri^d  (pi.  of  ^jf)>   A  Bheathy  re- 
pository, place  where  anytiiing  is  laid  np. 

tXc*  wa^y  Promising,  augiiriDg  or  prog- 
.  A"  ^ 

nosticating^^  if^\  Jic  ^j/*^tir*'^^ 

^  >.  M.I  t^a^tfoft  mtn  ghaylr  wafa  ^add- 

watun  min  ghaylr  tdbab.  To  promise  and  per- 
form not  absolutely  is  to  torn  friends  into 
enemies. 

iss,^  wa^dat,  A  promise,  a  vow.     Any 
determined,  appointed,  or  certain  time  or  term. 

jC^  tpa^ar,  Being  rongh,  difficult  to  as- 
cend (a  mountain  or  other  broken  ground). 
Bocky,  unequal,  uneyen.    Narrow,  confined. 

]azj  wa^,  Advice,  exhortation,  admoni- 
tion, a  sermon,  oration.  To  preach,  to  advise. 

c:..^^.r.  UbJ  kc^l ,  Full  oft  events  have 

rQused  thee,  but  thou  hast  sought  to  slumber. 
Preaching  has  drawn  thee,  but  thou  hast  been 
refractory.  [to  ascend. 

jyz^  um^Ur,  (A  mountain)  being  difficult 

^cj  wa^f/f  Preserving,  collecting,  treasur- 
"  ing,  or  laying  up ;  custody,  preservation. 

1X0^^  ica^id,  Threatening,  predicting  any- 
thLigbad. 

^  Uj  wafd,  Performance  of  a  promise,  an 

observation  of  ^^d  faith,  sincerity.  A  suffi- 
ciency, completing  or  filling  up.  Fidelity  to 
an  engagement,  to  a  requirement,  to  a 
debt     To  act  with  fidelity  and  gratitude. 

J  jcjt4J  '^y^  <J^^>  ^ood  faith  has 

failed,  and  perfidy  become  abundant,  and  wide 
has  become  the  difference  between  promises 
and  ^rformances.  The  falsehood  of  the 
world  is  put  to  shame  by  its  veracity ;  for  how 
shall  the  crooked  be  in  accordance  with  the 
straight  P 

Slij  wa/dt,  Death,  decrease. 

^li^  mfdk,  Consent,  assent,  agreement, 
concord,  harmony,  conformity. 


ij  wafr,  Becoming  full,  complete,  entire, 
numerous,  copious,  abundant.  Filling,  com- 
pleting, making  plentiful.  Plenty,  abundance; 
afliuenoe,  opulence.  Wafir,  Full,  complete,  etc. 

ij3j  toafrat,  Plenty,  abundance. 

^j  wa/lt,  Accordance.  A  kind  of  charm, 

consisting  of  a  prayer  or  similar  formula, 
spoken  or  written,  and  believed  to  have  the 
virtue  of  curing. 

Jyj  tpufud,  Coming,  arrival. 
J  Jj  umfur,  Pull,  complete,  copious.     A 
multitude,   plenty,  abundance,   jy^ 

L/^!il?  l5'*^  Uwu/Hr  hdml  war  a- 

wnatiy  On  account  of  the  excess  of  my  pru- 
dence and  gravity. 

^^  wafX  (fem.  ^j  waf%ydk\  Ample, 
"  sufficient,  abundant. 

(j^^  toafikf  A  companion,  a  Mend. 

ls>^\Sj  wahdhatf  Impudence,  arrogance, 
audacity. 

jljj  wakdr,  Modesty,  mildness.   <^d.«  ybj 

jl»»lj  j£^ ,  And  he  was  of  handsome 

form,  comely  in  countenance,  with  an  aspect 
of  gravity,  aignity,  majesty,  and  stateUness. 

Llij  wihdyat,  Sheltering,  shielding,  pro- 
tecting. Protection.  Custody,  gaardianship. 

vjlij  wakdyi^  (pi.  of  ^^aJj  wakl^ah). 
Events.    Accidents.    Batties. 

3j  wakt,  Time.  ^JiJ^  tpakti,  Tern* 
porary.  l^  ^.oli^ll  v^i^^b  hilwaJUul 
mundsibf  In  proper  time,  /•yil  (^ 
waktunnaunn,  Bed  time,  jj^^  <^ 
wait  tdfutUr,  Breakfast  time. 
\jJi\  ioakt ul yhadd,  Dinnertime,  i^ 

lujJI  waktul  ^ashd,  Supper  time,  c: 
»^JlA\    wakt'US-iolilh,    Prayer     time. 

Ci>l3jltt  ^^^  ha^fdawkdtf  Sometimes. 

\ijb  Ucjj  _i  /f  waktind  hazd,  In  our 


'J 

'J 


present  time.  *x>-1^  t^J  jV  f^  w^m 


tadhid,  At  the  same  time.  <^r^j  iJ 
CL.?Uj)li  ^  /f  icaktin  mm  al  awkdt, 
At  one  time,  (j^j*  l«xCib  ^fl  hakaxd 


yy 


(458) 


^h 


waJU,  At  Buch  a  time.    cuJjll  \jJb  ^J 

fi  hoidl  wakty  At  this  time.     JuJ 
is3^  hahl  waktahu,  Before  one's  time. 


dsj^  Juu  ha^  waktahu,  Behind  one's 
time.  (Ji^\jJi\j^jAJ  himurartd  awkdt, 
By  length  of  time,     l::^^  ^^^^  cT^ 

min  foaktin  la  wakt,  From  one  time  to  another. 

JuiJj  waktaynm,  Immediately,  then. 

^^  iodkah,  Hard  (hoof).  Impudent,  im- 
modest, shameleea. 

jjj  foakd,  Jyj  waMdf  Lighting  (a  fire). 
Pire,  the  heat  of  fire.    Fnel  for  fire. 

^^  toaka^  Falling  into  or  oat  of  a 

place.  Aa^c  CL^byti^  ci  ^^j  waka^na 

ft  Bo^uhat  ^azlmah,  We  hare  fallen  into 
great  difficnltiea. 

mm 

<U3^  waia^at,  One  accident.     A  hattle, 
comhati  engagement.  Contingency,  occurrence. 

wakft  Standing,  stopping,  staying. 


Bemaining  in  the  same  place.  Making  a 
pause  in  reading.  Bequeathing  for  pious  uses 
(as  habitations  for  the  poor,  ana  books  for  the 


use  of  learned  men).  Settling  any  property 
in  mortmain  or  in  tail  with  remainder  m  mort- 
main.    (PL  i^li^l  awkdf),  Any  piece 

of  property  so  settied.  )0^j/Lyj^i^M^ 
walrfghayr  nuuhrut.  Mortmain. 

JUa3j  wakfiyah,  The  deed  of  settiement 
in  mortmain. 

j^^  wakur,  OteLYe,  majestic.  Prndent 
(man) ;  modest,  excellent  (woman). 

^yj  waku^,  Happening,  to  happen,  to 
come  to  pass,  to  fall  down.  An  accident,  con- 
tingency, occurrence,  event.  jOU 
cyj)l,  Happening  seldom.  To  fall  down 

in  walking,  to  fall  in  a  pit.  S  JLLi 
if  0,  answered  he,  by  him  who  cast  thee  into 


this  pit ;  but  I  wept  for  the  length  of  thy 
past  ufe,  and  in  my  regret  at  thy  not  hanng 
mllen  into  this  pit  before  the  present  day. 
Hadst  thou  fallen  into  it  before  I  met  wi& 
thee,  I  had  e3q)erienced  rest  and  ease ;  but 
thou  hast  been  spared  to  the  expiration  of 
thy  decreed  term  imd  fixed  period. 

(^y^  umkaff  Staying,  halting,  pausing, 

standing,  stopping.  Experience,  knowledge, 
information,  practice. 

_ij  icakl,  Taking  care  of,  preserving, 
*  protecting,  keeping  oneself  or  garments  clean. 

Safe  from  injury  or  defilement.  ^l3j 

^\,  May  God  preserre  or  protect  him ! 
^j  wukayat,  An  ounce. 

^jLi^walA^t,  An  accident,  action,  battie, 
combat,  engagement 

JDl^j  wakdlat,  Yicegerency,  being  an 
administrator,sub6titute,agent,plenipotentiary. 

^  iffikr  (pl.^l^^),  A  bird's  nest  on  a  rock. 

ir^  ^  ^ W  >  ^  °^^^  ^^^^  ^^^  attain 

(his  desires)  in  his  own  country ;  just  as  a 
hawk  catches  no  prey  in  its  own  nest. 

^^  wakkalf  Entrusting  one's  affiEors  to 
another. 

1^^  ioukald  (pi.  of  ^M!?),  Lieutenants, 
▼ioQgerenta,  deputies,  ministers,  commissaries, 

delegates.  ^jjij^\i^^,  The  plenipo- 
tentiaries of  both  sides. 

J^  waJtfl,  An  agent,  deputy,  vice- 
gerent, lieutenant,  oommissary,  factor,  adminis- 
trator, representative.  jJJa^  iJi^^t 
A  plenipotentiary,  a  procurator  general,  an 

absolute  vicegerent,  r^j^^  (J^^f  ^^ 
master  of  a  house,  a  host,  a  proTeditor. 
\^ji\  i^jf  An  advocate,  counsellor, 
proctor,  agent,  or  attomey-at-law.  Jjb 

yb  ^  ^L^^  i^jMj  hal  ta^rif  wakllok 
man  hu.  Do  you  know  who  is  his  agent  ? 

Sij  wuldt  (pi.  of  ^^^)»  Oovemors,  presi- 
dents, judges. 

iSi^  icHddai,    Nativity,    a   birth-day; 

cUldbirth,  generation,  procreation ;  begetting 
children. 

i^^  wdldyat  (pi.  Ll.'blfj),  An  inhabited 

country,  dominion^  district.  Jurisdiction, 
goyemment,  dominion. 


Jl 


(454) 


jjj  walad,  A  son,  offipring.  Ji^\,  Sons. 
^lijJj  ^jli,  Such  a  one,  the  son  of 
such  a  one.     ^;«>|^i  A  bastard.     ^^ 

Who  is  that  boy  ?    d^Lfajljlili 

JU  c^oJ^  ^;li  V^  I  And  if  I  see  her 

to  be  Boitable  to  him,  I  will  demand  her  in 
marriage  of  her  father,  though  I  expend  upon 
her  all  that  my  hand  {raeseeses.  Aoaoaint  me, 
therefore,  with  her,  and  fear  not  augnt,  for  my 
•on  IB  asleep. 

^^^  walaa  (and  ^UJ^)i  Perfidy,  fraud. 
^j  wala^  (or  ^^^)>  Desiring  eagerly ; 
dedicated  to,  intent  upon.  (jmUI!  ^^\ 


*^)\  I%Um!1  Jl  t^Uj,   Men  are 

prone  to  extol  the  ancients,  and  to  find  fanlt 
with  the  modem,  without  occasion  of  blame ; 


the  only  reason  for  this  bein^  that  they  enry 
the  lining, 
ing  bones. 


the  lining,  and  indine 


IS  beinf 
topre£ 


ermeremottlder- 


^^j  wa  lakin,  And  but,  nevertheless, 
^j  fffolaw,  At  least ;  and  if,  although, 
^jl^  itndiLj\  Cre^ing  into  a  hole,  flying 

to  a  den.  ^^.^^^^  f^^  ^^  c^^iry 

a  a      ••   i  ~ 

^»^Jji  ^UuE^y'Then  I  penetrated  into 

the  densest  of  the  crowd,  to  know  what  was 
bringing  forth  their  tears. 

6^j  wtdA^,  Desire,  avidity.     See  ^y 

ia^^  icaitealatf  Howling,  lamenting,  cry- 
ing.   A  tomnlt,  noise,  cooftised  nunour. 

^^  wall,  An  intimate  friend,  a  favourite 
of  God,  or  the  king.  A  prince^  lord,  presi- 
dent, governor,  judge.    aa^JI  iJl^i  The 

lord  of  beneficence.    »^^^  ^y  The 

lord  of  liberality,  %.e.  Gh>d.    JkfJl  ^^, 

The  heir  apparent,  the  destined  or  acknow- 
ledged successor. 

^*Jj  watimat^  A  banquet,  a  marriage 
feast 


U^  wahlM.    KijiatiX  <^^,  God,  the 

bestower  of  benefits.  c^UjSI  Ju£ 
ipbd  ul  Wahhah^  The  name  of  the  fovnder  of 

the  religion  of  the  ^U^  orWahhabites. 

This  Shaikh  erected,  in  the  year  1 760,  an  inde- 
pendent state  in  the  Najd,  and  gave  a  reformed 
religion  on  the  principles  that  Gkni  alone  should 
be  iuToked  and  adored ;  that  we  should  make 
no  mention  of  any  prophet  in  praying ;  that 
Hoses,  Jesus  Christ,  Mahomet,  etc.,  were  in 
truth  good  and  mat  men,  but  that  no  book 
was  erer  inspired  by  the  aneel  Gabriel,  or  any 
other  celestial  spirit,  etc.  ui  general,  all  the 
Bedouins  of  the  desert,  though  calling  tbem- 
sehes  Mahometans,  think  in  this  way,  and  care 
▼err-  little  about  either  the  Prophet  or  his 
book.  They  assert  also  that  God  is  the  Sun, 
but  they  keep  this  belief  in  secret. 

aUj  u^ahMm,  Suspicious,  doubtful    One 

who  fancies  all  manner  of  dangers  and  diffi- 
culties, [ing,  presenting. 

fodhah  or  waKb,  Giving,  bestow- 


AJbj  fM»Am,  Fear,  apprehension  of  some- 
thing future.  Suspicion,  doubt,  scruple,  cau- 
tion, fear,  distrust 

y^^^  loahmif  Imaginary,  oonjeotnraL 
Aylb^  wahiLm  (better  %\jbj\  awhdm,  pi.  of 
aJ^),  Opinions,  coi^jectures,  imagina- 
tions, suspicions. 
4^^  way,  0!  strange!  wonderful!     Fy 

upon  (you) !    woe  to  (you) !     ^iX^ 

wa^ka,  O  thou  I 

Jjj  waffly  Woe.  An  affliction,  misfor- 
tune. ^  Jj^t  4l^ajfJahu,  Woe  to  him ! 

-^b  ^^  ty  ^'^l  cr?  U«j5' vi^-V^ 

^Ut,  And  she  kissed  the  ground 
before  him;  thereupon,  the  ucgro  raised  his 
head  toward  her,  and  said.  Woe  to  thee! 
Wherefore  hast  thou  remaloed  away  until  this 
hourP 


g  haoT  hd,  The  twenty-seventh  letter  of 

the  Arabic  alphabet.  It  signifies  five  in 
arithmetic.  In  almanacs  it  denotes  Thursday, 
and  the  sign  Virgo;  also  tiie  planet  Venus, 
and  the  moon  when  bright.  Placed  over 
letters  and  writings,  in  the  middle  of  die  rery 
top  of  the  page,  and  genenUy  io  the  ahape 


.u 


(455) 


^U 


1,  it  Btands  for  the  word  yb  hHj  and 

ngnifies  He,  God,  Jehorah.  At  the  end  of 
compound  temu  it  ii  either  the  penonal  or 
poeseniTe  pronoun  of  the  third  perK>n  tingalar 
nuiealine,  signifying  his,  Aivi*  it,  its,  and 
raijing  in  pronunciation,  either  as  a  final 
aspirate,  or  as  the  syllable  hu  or  Ai,  aoeording 
to  the  roles  of  grammar. 

Vjb  hd  (the  third  person  sing.  fern,  of  the 
affixed  pronoaii)i  Her,  it,  its.  l^ls^ 
kitdbuha,'Eer book.  C^\^d^\\j\ 

ana  mkhaztuha  minka,  I  took  her  (or  it)  from 

thee.     l^Uij  ^  J^t  *-^/^  haJartuP 

madtnata  toa  aMaha,  I  left  &e  town  and  its 
inhabitants. 

\2s\3b  hdhiif  part.  Falling,  deaoending. 

^J^U  JldhH,  Abel,  son  of  Adam. 

cz^U  hdt*  (fern.  JU,  pi.  masc.  |yU), 
GiTe !  grant !  let  it  be  so  I 

ij\jb  hdiif,  part.  Crying,  exclaiming. 

One  who  callB,ayoice  which oallfl.  (.^lib 

\_  -j»^^  h&iifidghayh,  A  voice  from  an 
unseen  caller,  a  voice  from  heaven.  An  no- 
aeen  secret  monitor ;  the  heart ;  or  a  gnardian 
admonishing  spirit  [mind. 

>-U  h&jis,  Conceiying,  recalling  to 

>>lft  h&jli  A  satirical  poet. 

A  jU  hdditn,  Demolishing,  a  destroyer. 

CL^\j^\  ^jU  hddim  uT  laudt,  (The 
demolisher  of  enjoyments),  Death. 

i^j\jb  hddi  (or  j\jb),  A  director,  leader, 
guide.    A^^J  ^Jl£  ^y  LJj^y 

s-Vj  ^yj  ^  ^  C^  jli^j 

2U«XfuJ  ^\j  ^J\  f; J^fJwwJ  ^U  ^  Thou 

preferrest  to  hoard  coin  above  cherishing  pious 
thoughts,  and  thou  choosest  to  rear  a  palace 
rather  than  to  dispense  bounty  ;  and  instead 
of  beinff  earnest  for  a  guide  to  direct  thee 
right,  tbon  seekest  only  to  have  woridly  pro* 
visions  bestowed  upon  thee. 

(^U  hdrib,  part.  Flying.    AjjU  _ly 

^J^fr  W^  v<^^  ^®  tamed  hack  in 

flight,  seeking  safety,  and  knew  not  whither  to 
eo ;  bat  the  destinies,  fixed  from  all  eternity, 
drove  him  to  that  island  upon  which  was 
/ohttah. 


CJ^jjU^  Ci^U  SOf^i  wa  MdrHi,  Hamt 

and  Marut.  These  are,  according  to  Alkar*an, 
two  angels,  who  were  believed  to  practise 
sorcery  at  Babybn.  It  is  recounted  that 
when  the  aneels  in  heaven  expressed  surprise 
at  the  wickedness  of  the  sons  of  Adam  after  the 
prophets  had  been  sent  to  them,  God  let  them 
choose  two  of  themselves  to  be  sent  down  to 
earth.  They  chose  Hamt  and  Marut,  who 
exercised  their  office  with  integrity  until  the 
planet  Joharah  or  Venus  descended  in  the 
shape  of  a  woman,  and  enticed  them  to  love 
her,  so  that  when  she  flew  away  from  them  to 
heaven,  they  pursued  her  there ;  but  Ridwan, 
the  guardian  of  Paradise,  did  not  admit  them. 
On  tne  intercession  of  some  of  the  pious,  they 
were  permitted  to  choose  whether  their  punish- 
ment for  this  misdemeanour  should  b^  in  this 
world  or  the  next.  It  is  said  that  thev  chose 
the  former,  and  are  now  confined  at  Babylon 
till  the  day  of  judgment ;  and  that  if  any  one 
desires  to  acouire  the  art  of  ma^e,  he  may  go 
to  them  and  learn  of  them,  hearing  their  voice, 
but  not  seeing  them. 

jjtjU  HdrUn,  Aaron  (t.^.  a  teacher,  a 

Ull,  a  mountain,  a  ttronff  hill  in  Hebrew), 
The  son  of  Amram  and  Jochebed,  the  elder 
brother  of  Moses,  and  the  brother  of  Miriam. 
He  was  the  first  high  priest  of  the  Jews,  was 
three  years  older  Sian  Moses,  and  was  bom 
1674  years  before  Christ,  and  died  et  128. 

^j^j\ib  BiStrUn,  Ju-1^1  ^^jbs  BiSranAr- 

rashld.  The  fifth  Khalif  of  the  house  of  Abbas, 
and  twenty-sixth  from  Muhammad.  He 
reigned  from  a.d.  786  till  808. 

wU  hddim,  One  who  digests  food,  who 

puta  up  (with  insnlts).  ^U4^U  hddi- 
miyah,  The  dig^estive  power. 

il\lb  hdlat,  A  halo  or  circle  round  the 
moon,   ir^j^^  \ei^\  ij  u:^\»-  ItXi^ 


^U  fi»^\jj^\i  ZJl^l  l^\^,  And 

the  crowdings  of  the  throng  had  gathered 
round  him,  fike  the  halo  about  the  moon,  or 
the  shell  about  the  firuit 

Ci3U  hdlik,   part.  Perishing,    in  the 

state  of  being  destroyed  or  killed.  Destructive, 
put  in  imminent  danger. 

i^\ib  hdtnai,  The  head  of  any  animal; 

the  crown  of  the  head ;  the  forehead.  The 
chief  of  a  people,  £smily,  or  tribe. 

^^^U  hdwn,  A  mortar. 

i^^U   hdiffl,  Fallen  headlong,      Ju^U 

kawiyatf  Hell,  into  which  the  damned  are 
precipitated. 

\:jb\ib  hdhund,  Here. 

^U  hdfif'y  InitamappetensadnuBsarios. 


(456) 


.5^ 


^U  hdffi^  liquid,  melted. 
cJjU  hdtf,  Very  thirsty. 

JjU  Adt7,  Terrible,  horrible.  £ij\jbZiu|^, 
A  dreadful  acddent 

^U  halm,  Astonifihedy  oonftued,  wan- 
dering, straying,  distracted,  farioiu,  from  lore 
or  any  other  cause. 

L>  habd  (or  c^La),  Diut,  especially  the 


finer  particles  which  fly  about,  and  are  only 
conspicuous  in  the  son's  rays. 

i'L^I  alhahaat,  A  part  of  Arabia. 
Ljb  hibai  (pi.  d^L^),  A  gift. 
IxJb  hahi,  Precipitating. 

^JlaJbhabtat,  Level,  low,  aloping(groand). 
hahnb,  (Wind)  blowing  forioasly. 
hahut   (pi.  (JL^\yJb),  Dust;    dost 


mixed  with  ashes ;  a  thick  raponr  like  dust 

\o^  hahut,  A  steep  or  sloping  place. 
Mubui,  Descent,  declivity. 

i^SsJb  hatk.  Tearing  (a  veil  or  curtain) 
so  as  to  discover  those  who  were  concealed. 
Violating,  ravishing  (a  woman).    Dishonour- 

ing,  disgracing,  defaaming.  klSzJb 
^^0^1,  To  defame. 

•U^  haja,  '\jJ\  4-J;>/^,  The  letters  of 
the  alphabet,  or  the  joining  them  into  syllables. 

'\J\  4_i,^  t-^>-  ^,   Alpha- 

betically,  according  to  the  letters  of  the  alpha- 
bet, ba^  Gursmg,  execrating,  satirizmg; 
ridiculing,  railing  at,  laughing  to  scorn. 

j^  hajr,   Separation,   disjunction,  de- 
sertion of  country,   of   friends.      Absence. 

lyio,  (f  thou  who  art  the  object  of  my 

hope,  peiipist  not  in  abandonment  and  cruelty, 
but  visit  a  lover  drowned  in  love !  Think  not 
that  I  can  survive  this  oppression,  for  my  soul 
vnll  leave  me  after  my  separation  from  my 
beloved ! 

jj^  hajar,  To  lea^e,  abandon,   desert 

friends  or  country.  i\jXa\jjs^  hajar 
oidikah.  He  has  abandoned  his  friends. 

^\fjs^  hijrdn,  Separation,  disjunction. 


Learing  one's  country. 

L::^{rL<  juu  ^  '^f^  ^^  cli^  tmJ^ 


*c- 


•  ^ 


0^\  ^jji  f,\Ji\  i^\j  Uj,  wut 

thou  oppress  a  friend  who  has  never  been  un- 
mindful of  thee,  and  give  him  up  after  thy 
desiring  him  ?  May  I  forfeit  the  satisfiiction 
«(of  my  God)  if  in  love  I  have  deceived  thee, 
and  be  punished  by  abandonment  if  I  have 
not  been  sincere  to  thee.  I  have  been  guilty 
of  no  fault  to  deserve  severe  and  haish  con- 
duct ;  or  if  I  have  offended,  I  regret  it,  and 
come  repentant.  Thine  abandonment  of  me 
is  a  wonderful  misfortune;  but  fortune  is 
alwavs  causing  some  new  and  unexpected 
wonders. 

ijS^  hiprah,  Departure  from  one's  country 
and  friends,  separation  of  lovers  or  friends. 

iysrt  the  J7t;raA,or  the  flight  ofMuham- 

mad  from  Mecca  to  Medina,  which,  in  the  reign 
the  KhaUf  Omar,  was  ordered  to  be  con- 
sidered as  the  Muhammadan  era. 

^jttJB^  hqjs,  Whateyer  one  recollects  or 

thinks  of.    Instinct. 

ijus^  haj^t,  A  gentle  sleep,  a  slumber, 
a  manner  of  sleeping. 

ajk^  hqfam,  Attacking  suddenly ;  coming 

unexpectedly.  Entering  imprudently,  without 
leave. 

y^    hqfw,    A    satire,    a    pasquinade. 

iJLj\)y^  hifwiydt,  s.  pi.  Satires,  lam* 
poons,  satirical  pieces  of  poetry. 

cys^  hu/n^  Sleep,  slumber. 
/^ys^  hufUm,  An  assault,  an  attack,  an 
effort;  impetuosity.    ^/^^  ^^b  ^^ 

1:jJj1  ^,  And  when  they  saw  us, 

that  we  were  a  small  company  with  ten  loads 
of  presents  for  the  King  oi  India,  they  rushed 
on  us,  pointing  their  spears  at  us. 

hijln,  An   excellent  white  he- 


^?A* 


(457) 


J;* 


cftinel ;  t  dromedary.  It  is  not  by  their  ex- 
treme oelerity  that  the  hij'itu  are  so  much  dia- 
tingaiahed,  aa  by  the  eaae  with  which  they  carry 
their  rider,  during  an  nnintermpted  jonmey 
of  scTeral  days  and  nighta,  when  they  lure 
allowed  to  persevere  in  their  own  &Tourite 
pace,  which  is  a  kind  of  gentle  and  easy 
amble,  at  the  rate  of  five  miles  and  a  half  an 
honr.  In  Egypt  the  hifins  are  gnided  by  a 
string  attached  to  a  nose  ring.  In  Arabia 
they  are  more  obedient  to  the  short  stick  of 
the  rider  than  to  ths  bridle. 

\j\jjb  hai&ya  (pi.  of  hssb)^  (Hfts,  pre- 
sents. S^ti  MjUb,  Precioos  gifts. 
H^mM  LjJb  ij\jJb\   ahddnl    hadiyah 

"  **  M 

nafltah.  He  gave  me  a  magnificent  present 

iAjJb  hiddyat,  A  guide  or  direction  to 
the  right  way  or  to  the  road  of  salvation. 

c-^jJb  hudh  (pi.  c^t  JJhf),  The  hairs  of 
the  eyebrows  or  lid.  [going  nnrevenged. 

jjjb  hadr.  Blood  shed  with  impunity,  and 

i^,iAhad/,The  mark  or  target  at  which 
aim  is  taken  in  dhooting. 

^JJb  hadm,  Ruin,  destruction.  To  ruin, 
demolish,  level  with  the  ground,  lay  waste. 

^JJb  hudfuit,  Peace,  a  truce. 

^Si^haifm  OT  hadu,  Quiet,  tranquillity. 

jjb  jJb  hudhud,  The  lapwing. 

t^jJb  hMda\   Direction  into  the  right 
"road,  or  into  the  way  of  salvation. 

^  iL^xa.  u:j^y  iiLij  o-Jl  y^J 

^Uj\ylU,   I  have  abandoned  wine 

and  those  who  drink  it,  and  have  become  the 
friend  of  such  as  condemn  it  Wine  leadeth 
astray  from  the  path  of  rectitude,  and  openeth 
the  doors  to  evil. 

hsJb  hadHyat,  A  present,  especially  one 
offered  to  superiors.  ^}j^^  ^  ^\  fi 


^jL^  \4yi^,  Lsi^  f  Then  he  opened  the 

two  leathern  bags,  and  took  forth  from  them 
the  jewels  and  other  things,  and  scattered  them 
before  the  King,  and  said  to  him,  0  King  of 
the  Age,  perhaps  thou  wilt  accept  my  present, 
and  show  favour  to  me  and  oonuort  my  heart 
by  aocepting  it  firom  me. 


\jjb  ha»d  (fern,  ijjb  hMihi),  This  (man, 
woman,  or  thiug).  lijb  ^^  ^^l,  What 
is  that  ?  \iJb  Jl^,  In  this  manner, 
thus,  so.  \s^t  Therefore,  for  that 
reason.     \jJb  J^l,  On  that  account, 

wherefore.      t^^\  \jJb,  To-day,  now, 
at  present,  in  these  times. 
ifjJb  ha%ih,  This,  demons,   pron.   sing. 

ijAl\  SJJb  L<^|^  todfakanl  hazth  al 
mafrahf  He  agreed  with  me  this  time. 

<dJJl  sjJb  ,<«aAi  ^jA  etn  nakdl  hastih 
al  leilahj  Where  shall  we  pass  the  night? 

f^Xa  \^ ^^\LtJ\  IfdJb  hazih  assakdJtlH 
kuUaha  »ada\  All  these  knives  are  rusty. 

\)^j\  ^  iZ:\p^  (ZjU-lJl  dJJb  hazth 

al  hajdt  jaat  min  oroppd^  These  things  are 
come  from  Europe. 

^b  jjb  hazaydn,  Nonsense,  impertinence. 

jib  hirr^  A  he-cat. 

is^\jSb  hardtikat  (pi.  of  (JjLyb),  Heretics. 

4.^^^  harab,  Flying,  running  away,  ab- 
sconding.   Flight.  [To  desert. 

<U -Cm.iiI  \  ^j^  S-^  harah  min  td  ^askariah, 
i>jib  hirrat  or  hirrah,  A  she-cat 

^jib  havj,  Being  copious,  superabound- 

ing  in  anything.  Speaking  a  great  deal  and 
incoherently.  Tumultuous,  seditious,  destroy- 
ing one  another.  Tumult,  sedition,  confusion. 
Slaughter. 

JJyJ^  Sarkal,  Heradius.      ^^m  jl  "ijjb 

JSereulet,  Hercules.  The  God  of  the  Phceni- 
cians,  the  allegory  and  personification  of  the 
Sun.  The  great  number  of  exploits  which 
have  been  attributed  to  Hercules  nave  led  to 
the  belief  that  there  were  many  heroes  of 
that  name.  Yarro  enumerates  so  many  as 
forty-four;  Diodorus  says  there  were  three; 
and  Cicero  counts  six.  The  religion  of  the 
Phoenicians  is  like  that  of  the  Ansariah,  who 
consider  Adam,  David,  Solomon,  Christ,  St 
Peter,  Ali,  Mohammad,  etc.,  as  personifications 
of  the  Sun  and  the  Moon,  and  as  the  incarna- 
tion of  the  Divinity,  in  the  same  manner  as 
the  PhoDuicians  consider  Hercules,  Adorns, 
Molock,  etc.,  as  the  personification  of  the  Sun, 
and  as  the  Egyptians  look  upon  their  great 
deity  Osiris.  The  Ansariah,  like  the  other 
people  of  olden  time,  believe  in  the  trans- 
migration of  souls.  They  think  that  the 
good  after  their  death  are  elevated  to  a  place 


«A» 


(458) 


<J!U 


among  the  oonstellatioiifl ;  and  the  vicked  are 
converted  into  dogs,  cats,  seipents,  scorpions, 
etc.  Nearly  all  the  gods  of  antiqnibr  were 
personifications  of  the  Son,  the  God  of  ^atore. 

AJb harm, A decrepid old  man.  Pyramid 

*  of  Egypt. 

V«^  Surmuz,  The  isle  of  Ormuz  in  the 

Persian  Gnlf.  Name  of  a  king  of  Persia 
vho  reigned  A.D.  272.    The  planet  Jnpiter. 

U^l  Alharmust,  The  great  king  of  Persia. 
^/M^Jb  Mamuu,  Hermes  Trismegistas. 

^j*k^Jb  SertMS,  Mercury,  a  oelebrated 

god  of  antiquity,  whose  worship  was  well 
established  in  Greece,  Egypt,  Syria,  and  Italy. 
Two  hours  from  Zahle,  and  half  an  hour  from 
the  Tillage  of  Fnrsnl  (which  some  suppose  to 
be  a   corruption  of    the   word  fardat,  or 
Paradise,  which  the  ancients  helieyed  to  be 
in  Coele  Syria,  between  the  Libanus  and  Anti- 
libanus),  there  is  the  ruined  temple  of  Hermes. 
These  remains  stand  in  a  wady,  or  yalley  sur- 
rounded by  barren  rocks,  having  a  spring  near 
them  to  the  eastward.    The  temple  fisced  the ' 
west.    A  erand  flight  of  steps,  twelve  paces 
broad,  with  a  column  three  feet  and  a  half  in 
diameter,  at  the  end  of  the  lower  step,  formed 
the  approach  to  a  spacious  pronaot,  in  which 
are  remains  of  columns;   here  a  door,  six 
paces  in  width,  opens  int6  the  eella,  the  fallen 
roof  of  which  now  oorers  the  floor ;  and  the 
side  walls  to  half  their  original  height  only 
remain.    This  chamber  is  thirty-flre  paces  in 
length,  by  fifteen  in  breadth.    On  each  of  the 
side  walls  stood  six  pilasters,  of  a  bad  Ionic 
order.    At  the  extremity  of  the  chamber  are 
steps  leading  to  a  platform,  where  the  statue 
of  the  deity  may  have  stood:  the  whole  space 
is  here  filled  up  widi  firagments  of  columns 
and  walls.     The  square  stones  used  in  the 
construction  of  the  walls  are  in  general  about 
four  or  fire  cubic  feet  each,  but  some  tweWe 
feet  long,  four  feet  high,  and  four  feet  in 
breadth.    On  the  right  side  of  the  entrance- 
door  is  a  staircase  in  the  wall,  leading  to  the 
top  of  the  buildings  and  much  resenu)ling  in 
its  mode  of  construction  the  staircase  in  the 
principal  temple  of  Balbec.    The  remains  of 
the  capitals  of  columns  betray  a  yery  corrupt 
taste,  bein^  badly  sculptured,  and  without  any 
elegance,  either  in  design  or  execution ;  and 
the  temple  seems  to  luiye  been  built  in  the 
latest  times  of  pa^nism,  and  was,  perhaps, 
subsequently  repaired  and  conyertea  into  a 
church.      The    stone   with    which   it  was 
built  is  more  decayed  than  that  in  the  ruins 
at  Balbeo,  beinff  here  more  exposed  to  the 
inclemency  of  we  weather.    No  inscriptions 
are  anywnere   yisible.     Around  the  temple 
are  some  ruius  of  ancient,  and  others  of  more 
modem  habitations. 

^jl^  harwtUat,  Trotting,  going  mode- 
rately,  especially  after  galloping. 

ijjjib  hurayrat^  A  kitten.    \jij^y^  -^^ 


harayrahj  One  of  the  companions  of  Mahomet, 
10  called  from  a  fayourite  wluch  he  had. 

JjJb  haai  (pi.  ci^^Upb),  A  jest,  playful- 
ness.  Jests,  pleasantries,   g,^  i3uj  J 

J;»  cr^  ^  * ,/ J^  er*  i/<  ^^ 

♦  *x>-  ^jti}*   There  never   proceeds 

from  them  any  eyil  expression,  nor  any 
harshness  or  repulsiyeness  of  manner ;  and  I 
never  witness  m  them  anything  but  fidelity 
and  sincerity  of  loye,  exempt  fi^m  euT^  and 
jealousy:  while  one  improriMS  in  admirable 
'  poetry,  with  beauty  of  enunciation,  and  with- 
out any  hesitation,  another  relates  anecdotes 
of  every  sort,  with  a  pleasing  interchange  of 
the  jocose  and  the  serious. 

Spb^  hmhmatt  MioTing,  shaking. 

(Jj  lib  hoAl,  Thi^  and  lean. 

^j^Jb  haaHmat,  Flight,  a  defeati  diqieraion. 

A*Aib  hadm.  Digestion. 

iJLlf\^  hafwat  (pi.  of  if^Aib  haficat), 
Enrors,  frinlts. 

f^mJuAtb  haflf.  The  whistling  of  the  wind. 

\'^ijb  hakoMd,  In  this  manner.     Ji^l 

f  jjjb  Id   tatahtllam  hakasnd,   Do  not 

speak  in  this  manner.    \  ^ijb  ^/aXxc  U 

LmJ'\s^  md  ^ndi  haJuud  kitdh,  I  hare 
not  snoh  a  book. 

Jjb  hdl  (interrogation).  Whether  or  not? 
fl^A^jl^\  \dJb  ^Jib  halft  haaa'l 
ffhadtr  $amaky  In  this  tank  are  there  any  flshf 

HmI  fiola'  haeih  tU  bidS^h  itkat  ft  ul  histSb, 
On  these  goods  is  there  any  discount  P 

cJlU  hdldk,  Perdition,  ruin,  death, 
slaughter.  ji^\  ^^  SuJu  ^  Jli^ 
4  ^\»y,j  c31«U  C-  Ji/l  '\^i\j 


^ 


(459) 


^ 


^. 


\*t^\ ,  And  he  said  within  himself, 
Yerily,  insolence  and  calnmny  occasion  destroc- 
tion,  and  betray  one  into  perplexity ;  for  it  has 
been  laid.  He  who  ia  insfuent  niffereth  injury, 
and  he  who  ii  ignorant  repenteth,  and  he  who 
feareth  is  safe :  moderation  is  one  of  the  qnali- 
tiea  of  the  noble,  and  good  manners  are  the 

noblest  gain.    ^^  Jl^\  ^  J^  Ji^ 

WyASL^  cJ)l|i]j,  And  it  is  said  by  the 

proTerb,  Whoso  aeeth  a  hole  in  the  ground, 
and  doth  not  shun  it,  and  be  cautious  of  ad- 
Tancing  to  it  boldly,  expoaethhiniaelf  to  danger 
and  destruction. 

iJ!Ljb  haldl,   The  new  moon;  also  the 

moon  on  the  wane,  especially  the  first  and 
last  two  or  three  days ;  the  moon  being  called 

the  rest  of  the  month. 

\jb  haldh,  Belonging  to  or  resembling 
the  new  moon. 

htUat,  The  beginning  (of  a  month). 

(JiGlft  halak,  Being  ruined.     Btdk,  De- 
struction, ruin,  perdition;  shipwreck. 

haiummOj  Come  on !  approach !  draw 
near! 

^^JUh  haly^n^  Asparagus. 

Mjbhum  (pi.  of  the  pron.^  and  n).  They, 

their.    j\^  (^^«^  /»^  ^^^  kaudhln 

Uhdr,  They  are  great  liars.     ^^ 

jf^  iitdhuhum  lahir,  Their  book  is 

big.     cJl:J^  f^  4A   hm  hdMum 
kumakf  They  are  all  thore. 
aJb  homy  Chief,  care,  solicitude.    1^1  b 

O  young  man,  thou  hast  increased  my  anxiety, 
alUr  haYing  dispelled  my  grief ;  but  tell  me,  0 
youth,  where  ia  she  F  ana  where  is  the  tomb 

where  the  negro  is  lying  ?    A4Jb  jUj 

And  his  anxiety  and  grief  increased,  and  his 
breeat  beoama  opntracted  on  aoooont  of  the 
BjngBedr. 

^l^  kumdm  (pi.  jX^  htmdm)^  A  great 


?t 


king,  a  hero,  a  magnanimous  prince,  a  liberal, 
magnificent  man.  ^^p^  cl^^  ^  J^^ 

^\us^i\j,  And  he  said,  0  King  of  the 
Age,  my  want  respecteth  God,  and  the  mag- 


aaaimoua  king,  and  the  bold  lion,  the  report 
ood 

*  DUD- 

lished  in  the  provinoea  and  cities,  for  liberality. 


of  whose  good  Qualities  the  carayans  have 
borne  abroad,  ana  whose  fame  has  been  pub- 


beneficence,  pardon,  clemency,  and  granting 
favours. 

f^jlSf  hwnayHfif  Blessed,  sacred,  fortu- 
nate, royal,  imperial.     Auspicious,   august, 

(said  only  of  the  Sultan),   ^^^l?  ias*- 

khatti  humaf^un,  An  edict,  being  a  few  words 
in  the  Sultan's  handwriting,  commanding  it 
to  be  put  in  execution. 

<UJb  himmat,  The  exertion  of  one*s  in- 
fluence, authority,  power,  or  ability.  Inclina- 
tion, desire,  resolution,  intention,  design. 
Mind,  thought,  attention,  care.  Auspices, 
grace,  fatour.  [any  kind  of  heat). 

S^  hamad,  Being  extinguished  (fire,  or 
i>X^  hamdat,  An  apoplexy. 

^^i^  Jlanumdn,   A  city  of  Irac,   in 

Persia,  160  miles  from  Teheran.  It  was 
taken  and  destroyed  by  Timur,  and  is  famed 
for  the  manufacture  of  leather.  JPiop,  estimated 
at  from  30,000  to  40,000.  Lot.  34'  BOT  N. 
XoM.  48^  32'  £.  This  place  is  an  entrepdt  for 
the  commerce  carried  on  between  Bagdad  and 
Teheran.    It  was  formerly  called  Ecbatana. 

»j^  The  character  hanaah^  or  (*) ;  mark- 
ing a  letter  with  hamzah. 

J^  hamal,  Neglecting,  forsaking. 

j^  hanum  (pi.  of  i^),  Exertions  of  one's 
influence,  authority,  power,  or  ability. 

f^yf  Aumfliii(pl.of  ^),  Cares,  afflictions. 
^y^\  ^  \Sijb  ij^\  ^Jli:?U,  TeU 

him  who  is  oppressed  with  anxiety,  that 
anxiety  will  not  last;  as  happiness  passeth 

away,  so  passeth  every  anxiety.     Ji^ 


cr?>  **  ^^tm,  Aad  bot, 

C^-^  ^i-.^,  Thai  I  peaeturtBd  mto 
■'"■flf'*^  wrth  tfc«jr  ittm  —•WW 

t^y  *»^l,  Dmn,  tri^,    gj,     I 
ijy^  »»fe«K  HowKiig,  Imeating,  tn- 

<I««»g»r«nwf,  judge.  ^1^  3^ 

l«rf  of  betttflcenee.    ^^IJ^,  The 
lord  of  lib«»lity,  ,'^.  God.   j^t   J 

)^  wdtlmat,  A  bmiqaa^  a  nuunairo 


kj  «fl*  Woe.     Am 

***»•*  Ji>*  rf  ■■jMb,  Voeto  him! 
*-^  •»-•' ty  ^  J.  ^^  ^^  ^  _ 


—  his 
oe  to  tii€«* 


*  ^  or  ^,  The  twentr-seir-nii.  i  ^ 
the   Arabic   alphabT     if  I^Sj******  «^ 

«nd  the  sign  Tu^^".??^*?*  Thiu»d«T, 
lettera  and  wiitmo.  ;„  •v?^^  ««oed    orer 


.u 


(455) 


*U 


.  n,  it  stands  for  the  word  yb  Aa,  and 

ngnifies  He,  Qod,  Jehoyah.  At  the  end  of 
compound  terms  it  is  either  the  personal  or 
possessiTe  pronoun  of  the  third  person  sing^ar 
masculine,  signifying  Ait,  hvm  tY,  tto,  and 
Taring  in  pronunciation,  either  as  a  final 
aspirate,  or  as  the  syllable  hu  or  Ai,  according 
to  the  roles  of  grammar. 

U  hd  (the  third  person  sing.  fern,  of  the 

affixed  pronoun).  Her,  it,  its.     ^^ 

hYa^n;^,  Her  hook.  (JJc^lffJ^t  Ul 
ana  akhmtiuha  minka^  I  took  her  (or  it)  from 

thee.     ^U|^  ^*xJt  ^^j^  hajartuT 

madtnata  tcu  aAZnAa,  I  left  &e  town  and  its 
inhabitants. 

LjU  hdMf'pait  Falling,  descending. 

J«iU  Mdhll,  Ahel,  son  of  Adam. 

oU  hati  (fern.  JU,  pL  masc.  \^U), 
GiTe !  grant !  let  it  be  so  I 

lJjU  hdiif,  part.  Crying,  exclaiming. 
One  whocalls,ayoioe  which  calls.  u^U 

^^<Jt)\  hdiif  ulffhayh,  A  voice  from  an 

imseen  caller,  a  roice  from  hearen.  An  un- 
seen secret  monitor ;  the  heart ;  or  a  guardian 
admomahing  spirit.  [mind. 

^j»i>'\ib  hdjii,  Conceiying,  recalling  to 

^^U  hdjlf  A  satirical  poet. 

ajU  hddimf  Demolishing,  a  destroyer. 

cjt jJJ\  ^jU  hddim  uT  Jaudt,  (The 
demolisher  of  enjoymenta),  Death. 

4^jU  hddl  (or  Jljb),  A  director,  leader, 
guide.    ^UaJ^J  ^Jl^  ^f  \*Aijjy 

iJS^ ^\j  ^\  ijCkf.ml  ^U  ^,  Then 

prefenest  to  hoard  coin  above  cherishing  pious 
thoQghts,  and  thou  choosest  to  rear  a  palace 
rather  than  to  dispense  bonnty ;  and  instead 
of  being  earnest  for  a  guide  to  direct  thee 
ri^t,  thou  seekest  only  to  hare  worldly  pro- 
▼liions  bestowed  upon  thee. 

0;U  kdrib,  part.  Flying.    Aj^U  ^^ 

^/^^  Ifrji  ^1,  He  tnmed  hack  in 

flight,  seeking  safety,  and  knew  not  whither  to 
CO ;  but  the  destinies,  fixed  from  all  eternity, 
aiove  him  to  that  island  upon  which  was 
Johanh. 


^jjU^  *^X)^  JETdrUt  wa  Mdrat,  Harat 

9JiA  Marut.  These  are,  according  to  Alkur'an, 
two  angela,  who  wero  belierea  to  practise 
sorcery  at  Babylon.  It  is  recounted  that 
when  the  anfi^els  in  hearen  expressed  surprise 
at  the  wickedness  of  the  sons  of  Adam  after  tiie 
prophets  had  been  sent  to  them,  GK>d  let  them 
choose  two  of  themselves  to  be  sent  down  to 
earth.  They  chose  Harut  and  Marut,  who 
exercised  their  office  with  integrity  until  the 
planet  Joharah  or  Venus  descended  in  the 
shape  of  a  woman,  and  enticed  them  to  love 
her,  so  that  when  she  flew  away  from  them  to 
heayen,  they  pursued  her  there ;  but  Ridwan, 
the  guardian  of  Paradise,  did  not  admit  them. 
On  tne  intercession  of  some  of  the  pious,  they 
wero  permitted  to  choose  whether  their  punish- 
ment for  this  misdemeanour  should  be  in  this 
world  or  the  next.  It  is  said  that  they  chose 
the  former,  and  aro  now  confined  at  Babylon 
till  the  day  of  judgment ;  and  that  if  any  one 
desires  to  acouire  the  art  of  ma^c,  he  may  go 
to  them  and  learn  of  them,  heanng  their  voice, 
but  not  seeing  them. 

jjiijU  Hdrikn^  Aaron  {%,$.  a  teacher,  a 

hill,  a  monntain,  a  strong  hill  in  Hebrew), 
The  son  of  Amram  and  Jochebed,  the  eJder 
brother  of  Moses,  and  the  brother  of  Miriam. 
He  was  the  first  hieh  priest  of  the  Jews,  was 
three  years  older  Sian  Moses,  and  was  bom 
1674  years  beforo  Christ,  and  died  sdt.  123. 

^^j\jb  JBdriin,  Ju-lJIl  ^^j\jb  EdrUn  Ar- 

rathld.  The  fifth  Ehalif  of  the  house  of  Abbas, 
and  twenty-sixth  from  Muhammad.  He 
reigned  from  a.d.  786  till  808. 

wU  hddim,  One  who  digests  food,  who 

puts  up  (with  insults).  ^Us^U  hddi- 
mi^ah,  The  digestiye  power. 

i]\lb  hdlat,  A  halo  or  circle  round  the 
moon.   V«JJ^  ]»1U>1  ij  ij:Ji»\^  IjJj 


j^l  f.\4^\jj^\i  li\^\  itU,  And 

the  crowding  of  the  throng  had  gathered 
round  him,  like  the  halo  about  the  moon,  or 
the  shell  about  the  fruit 

v^U  hdlik,   part.  Perishing,    in   the 

state  of  being  destroyed  or  killed.  DestmctiTe, 
put  in  imminent  danger. 

JuU  hdmat,  The  head  of  any  animal ; 
the  crown  of  the  head ;  the  forehead.  The 
ehief  of  a  people,  family,  or  tribe. 

^^j\jb  h&wn,  A  mortar. 

^^U   hdufly  Fallen  headlong.      £)^ljh 

hawiyaiy  Hell,  into  which  the  damned  are 
precipitated. 

LjbU  hdhmdj  Here. 

^U  hAffft  Initumappetensadmissarias. 


•>• 


(462) 


»l> 


Sicily,  the  Diana  of  Crete,  and  the  Bellona  of 
the  ItomanB ;  that  she  appeared  in  the  time  of 
Moses  nnder  the  name  of  Mary,  sister  of  this 
same  Moses ;  that  in  the  Christian  Dome  or 
Temple  she  is  the  same  person,  having  the 
name  of  Mary,  Mother  of  Jesus ;  that  for  this 
reason  the  Al  Kur'an  does  not  make  any  differ- 
ence hetween  Mary  the  nster  of  Moses  and 
Aaron,  and  Mary  the  Mothei  of  Jesns,  wherein 
she  is  called,  "  0  thou  Mother  of  Jesus  and 
vister  of  Aaron  " ;  and  that  in  this  belief  consists 
the  true  religion  of  the  Tawhldf  "  Unity  of 
Gk>d,"  that  is  to  say,  there  is  one  God  only, 
who  appeared  at  different  times  nnder  differ- 
ent names,  and  that  consequently,  and  in  the 
same  manner,  Isis,  Yenns,  Mary  the  sister  of 
Moees,  Mary  the  M6ther  of  Jesus,  and  Fatima 
Azzuhra  the  daughter  of  Muhammad  (their 
goddess),  u  the  same  and  identical  person, 
and  mast  be  loved  and  worshipped  in  the 
same  manner,  and  that  the  lore  and  worship 
paid  to  one  of  those  names  is  equally  and  indis- 
tinctly paid  to  the  others,  which  do  but  con- 
stitute we  same  person,  without  any  difference 
or  distinction  wnateTer.  In  all  probability 
this  doctrine  made  Cleopatra,  the  beaotiM 
Queen  of  Egypt,  to  be  wont  to  dress  herself 
like  the  Goddess  Isis,  and  affect  to  be  considered 
a  second  Isis ;  so  did  Hakim,  the  God  of  the 
Druzes,  who  gave  himself  out  to  be  the  incar- 
nation of  God ;  so  did  the  nun  called  Hendia, 
not  long  ago,  in  Mount  Lebanon,  who  pre- 
tended that  she  was  the  Mother  of  God  come 
to  the  world. 

^1^  Ejeyldn^  Helena,  the  name  of  a 
tovm  formerly,  but  now  a  village,  about  eight 
miles  to  the  northward  of  Aleppo.  This  town 
was  built  by  the  mother  of  the  Emperor  Con-  * 
stantine.  From  Heylan  water  is  conveved  to 
Aleppo  by  an  aqueduct,  partly  on  a  leyel  with 
the  ground,  and  partly  subterranean.  This 
aqueduct  is  supposed  to  have  been  coeyal  with 
the  city,  but  it  was  repaired  by  the  mother  of 
Constantino,  and  subsequently  by  Melek  £d- 
daher,  the  son  of  Saladin. 

^j^  hayn^  Quiet,  easy,  gentle. 

hlnat,  Convenience,  easy,  facility. 
jJitf,  (Go)  at  your  leisure. 

"iyjb  or  ^^  kiyula\  Chaos,  matter,  the 

first  principle  of  everything  material. 
(Jl^  hayUldnl,  Material. 

iJl^lfj^  hayhat.     culfJb  CL^lfJ^y  It  is 
too  late !    It  is  impossible  I 

4XJb  hay-at,  The  form,  figure,  appear- 
ance. The  configuration  of  the  heavenly  bodies. 

fjj  AJi,  'iGcu^  ,\LS\  ijub,  So  her 

heart  felt  the  pangs  of  separation ;  and  when 
she  went  forth  and  saw  the  preparatioii  for 
travel,  she  wept  violently. 


^  The  twenty-eighth  and  last  letter 

of  the  Arabic  alphabet.  In  arithmeCie  H 
expresses  ten;  and  in  almanacs  it  is  the 
character  for  Jupiter,  and  the  si^  Aquarina. 
In  Arabic,  when  annexed  to  a  primitive  noon, 

it  forms  a  derivative;   as  ^LjU  -^ 

man ;  (J^^  Humane.   It  is  also  the 

pronoun  of  the  first  person ;  as  i^\si, 

A  book ;  ^\s^,  My  book.    !pie  letter 

v^  may,  in  our  chazacters,  be  ooiiTe- 

niently  represented  by  y  when  considered  as  a 
consonant,  and  by  i  when  as  a  voweL 

b  yd,  Or.     0 !     ^\  U  yd  attah,  0  (}od ! 

uu^  li  yd  layta^  Would  to  heaven  !    I 

wish  to  God !  yj^  l[  yd  laytanf,  I 
wish  that  I.  ^ 

^^Ij  ydhia,  Dry,  naturally  dry.    ^/m^\j 
•.h^ll.  Of  a  dry  temperament  or  habit. 

ryr^  yo/V,  Gog.    ^fr^^  r>^V' 


Oog  and  Magog.  Apparently  two  Scythian 
tri^  of  great  antiquity,  but  respecting  whom 
numerous  legends  are  current. 

Lrfj\j  yd  rob,  0  Lord !  0  God! 

^^b  yaaa,  Despairing.     Despair,  des- 
peration,   hopelessness,    despondency. 

^U\  ^li  ^IJJ^  Jlj^\  ^^ji\  ^ 

JJj  ^^  ^jJu  ^^\  JjJ  y^.  Be  not 

dismayed,  though  for  a  short  time  thou  be 
poor,  for  in  leneth  of  time  thou  wilt  be 
relieved.  Despair  not,  since  despair  is  in- 
fidelitjT :  it  may  be  that  God  will  soon  make 
thee  rich. 

^^P^^^Jj,  ydtmin,  Jessamine. 

lib    Ydfd,   Ja£fa,   the   ancient    Joppa. 

Here  Noah  built  the  Ark.  In  this  harbonr 
Judas  MaccabfBUs  burnt  the  Syrian  fleet. 
Jaffa  has  not  a  very  considerable  trade,  the 
only  business  of  the  place  being  derived  firom 
the  supplies  necessary  for  pilgrims  going  to 
and  from  Jerusalem,  of  which  it  is  m  port. 
This  town  is  reputed  for  its  gardens  of  onage, 
pomegranate,  and  fi^-trees.  These  gardens 
open  out  into  the  Plain  of  Sharon,  celebrated 
in  Scripture  for  its  fertility,  and  which  stretches 
along  the  coast  from  Gssa  to  Mount  Camel. 


u 


(461) 


^yb  haum  (or  ^yb),  Quiet,  tranqnillity; 
mildneBB,     modesty,    gentlenesB,     tameness. 

ulCyb    Jlc  ^(M  haumika,  (Do  it)  at 

your  conTenieiicj. 

^^  hawa\  Desire,  love,   inolination, 

will,  wish  (good  or  bad),  ^j  uL-yS^ 
f'^*^  ^^  Jy=^  U^  *  i^^3 

«Jla&j,  I  wrote  with  a  heart  devoted 

to  thinking  of  thee,  and  with  a  sore  eyelid, 
shedding  tears  of  hlood,  and  a  -hody  clad  hy 
ardent  longing  and  sorrow  with  the  garment 
of  leanness  and  affliction.  I  complain  to  thee 
of  the  torment  of  my  Iotc,  and  tne  complete 
exhaustion  of  my  patience.  Be  blind,  then, 
and  favourable,  merdfiil  and  indulgent;  for 
my  heart  is  breaking  through  the  violence  of 

my  love  for  thee.   ^  fcl^  vJ^  si^Nr^k 

^lU  fc/^l;  ^^  ^^ ,  0  my  mistress, 

I  am  an  admonisher  unto  thee  and  one  who 
has  great  interest  for  thee.  Enow,  then,  that 
love  is  difficult,  and  the  concealment  of  it 
would  melt  iron,  and  occasion  disease  and  in- 
firmities ;  and  the  person  who  reveals  love  is 
not  obnoxious  to  reproach. 

^Jb  hiya  (fern,  of  yb  huwa)^  She.  . 

Lib  hay&f  Ho !  holla !  hark  ye ! 

jS^Ujb  hayakil  (pi.  of  jCjb),  Temples. 
I^u:ge  colossal  forms,  bodies,  or  phantoms. 

fXfJb  htydm,  Thirst  in  love,  distraction 
with  love,  excessive  love.  l^Ae  v,,  ^>nh 

vlXv^  "iS  c-^ImJI,  And  she  was  en- 
raptured with  him,  and  was  affected  by  violent 
love ;  so  she  said  to  the  old  woman,  I  know 
not  how  to  obtain  an  interview  with  this 
young  man  bat  through  thy  means. 


hofflai,   Fear,   timidity,  a  panic. 

Respect,  reverence,  awfiilnesA,*  gravity,  stern- 
ness, severity,  dignity,  maje^,  grandeur, 
authority. 

l^U  hafufdf  Battle,  comhat,  fight. 

^ffiJb  hayjy  Raising  (dost) ;  provoking  (to 

anger).  Making  an  attack.  A  battle,  a  com- 
bat Perturbation,  fury,  agitation,  intoxication. 

^Wub  hayajan^  Getting   into   motion, 

rising  (dust,  or  bodies  of  men).  To  get  in 
motion,  to  j^et  into  agitation.  Perturmition, 
fury,  agitation. 

i^^^j^f.  Herod,  the  name  of  several 

Jewish  princes. — Herod  the  Great  was  the 
son  of  Ajitipater,  the  Idumean,  who  appointed 
him  Oovemor  of  Galilee.  Antony  appointed 
him  Tetrarch,  and  Augustus  made  hun  King , 
of  the  Jews.  He  governed  with  savage 
cruelty,  and  sacrificed  his  wife  Mariamne,  her 
grandfather  Hyrcanus,  and  brother  Aristobulus. 
At  the  birth  of  our  Sariour  he  caused  all  the 
infants  of  Bethlehem  to  be  massacred,  in  hopes 
that  He  would  fall  among  the  number.  He 
also  put  to  death  his  sons  Alexander  and  Aris- 
tobulus, so  that  Augustus  said,  '*  It  was  better 
to  be  Herod's  hog  wan  his  son."  He  rebuilt 
the  town  of  Jerusalem,  and  in  a  time  of  famine 
sold  his  curiosities  to  relieve  the  sufferers,  b. 
at  Ascalon,  in  Judea,  70  b.c.  ;  p.  at  the  age  of 
70,  in  the  same  year  as  the  birth  of  Jesus 
Christ. — Herod  Antipas,  the  son  of  the  above, 
succeeded  his  father  as  Tetrarch  of  Galilee. 
He  divorced  his  wife,  the  daughter  of  Ar^tas, 
King  of  Arabia,  and  espoused  Herodias,  the 
wife  of  his  brother  Philip,  on  which  Aretas 
declared  war  against  him.  Herod  sacrificed 
John  the  Baptist  to  the  cruelty  of  Herodias, 
and  his  conduct  occasioned  the  Jews  to  revolt. 
Bein^  called  to  'Rome  to  justify  his  conduct, 
he  died  on  the  road.  This  is  the  Herod  to 
whom  our  Saviour  was  sent  by  Pilate. 

JiLjb  haykalf  An  amulet  or  talisman  in- 
scribed with  magic  figures,  hung  round  the 
body,  as  a  defence  agamst  fascination  or  mis- 
fortune.     An   altar.      iJb\]\  Jilj^y 

Haykal  ul  Zohra,  The  Temple  of  Venus.  A 
town  in  North  Spain,  containing  a  large 
temple  dedicated  by  the  old  Phoenicians  to 
Venus,  the  Great  Goddess,  to  which  all  the 
inhabitants  of  Spain  used  to  repair  to  pay 
their  worship  to  this  deity,  and  visit  her 
sanctuary,  as  now  Christians  visit  Jerusalem, 
and  Mussulmen  pay  their  devotion  to  their 
two  sanctuaries  Mecca  and  Medina.  Before 
the  establishment  of  the  Christian  religion  in 
Spain,  and  in  many  other  parts  of  Europe, 
Venus,  the  Goddess  of  the  Phoenicians,  was 
the  great  deit^  of  the  world.  The  Ansariah 
assert  that  this  Znhra  is  the  same  as  the  1  sis 
of  the  Egyptians,  the  Venus  of  Cyprus,  the 
Minerva  of  Athens,  the  Cybele  of  the  Phry- 
gians, the  Ceres  of  Eleusis,  the  I^twerpine  '*' 


(464) 


<«i 


/ 


> 


Jj  yad,  The  hand.   A  handle.    iid^\^  jj 

yad  toakidah,  A  kind  of  monopoly  by  which 
the  govemment  used  to  give  the  ezclusiTe 
right  to  a  single  individoal  to  buy  up  some 
particular  branch  of  the  produce  of  a  whole 
district  or  prorince,  or  even  of  the  empire. 

Hjib^  XjjlS  Jj  yad  kadirak  kdhirah, 
The   hand    of   omnipotence,   or  of  power. 

uJ^^l  Jj  yaddul  tasarruf,  The  hands, 
the  possession. 

(Jl/jj  yadak,  A  led  horse;  the  rope  or 

strap  by  which  he  is  led.  A  tow-rope.  (Turk- 
ish words  used  in  Arabic.)     i<f-  J^ 

yadaheht,  One  who  leads  a  horse  of  state ;  a 
groom. 

jj  yuzkar,  Memorable ;  that  which  can 
be  mentioned;   worthy  of  being  mentioned. 

JjX  Id-yuzkar,  Not  worthy  of  being 

mentioned ;  a  very  litUe  which  does  not  de- 
serye  to  be  mentioned. 

jjjijl^  Yerdholos,  Yerabolosis,  the  name 

of  a  Tillage  situated  on  the  Euphrates,  and  of 
the  town  of  Hierapolis,  called  also  Mambej,  so 
celebrated  in  ancient  times  under  the  name  of 
Bambyce.  No  traces  remain  of  the  temple  of 
that  great  goddess  with  whose  worship  Lucian 
has  made  us  acquainted.  The  only  remarkable 
monument  is  a  subterranean  canal,  which 
conducts  the  water  from  the  mountains  of  the 
north  for  the  distance  of  four  leagues.  All 
this  country  was  formerly  full  of  such  aque- 
ducts. The  Assyrians,  Medes,  and  Persians 
esteemed  it  a  religious  duty  to  convey 
water  to  the  desert,  in  order  to  multiply, 
according  to  the  precepts  of  Zoroaster,  the 
principles  of  life  and  of  abundance.  At  every 
step  in  that  country  you  discover  the  ruins  of 
ancient  villages  and  towns,  cisterns  fallen  in, 
and  the  remains  of  fortresses  and  temples,  etc. 
This  country  deserves  to  be  visited  and  explored 
by  travellers,  which  will  lead  to  important 
discoveries.  Mambej  is  situated  two  days* 
journey  to  the  north-east  of  Aleppo. 

cl^  yard^  A  reed,  of  which  they  make 
pens. 

9jijl  yarha^  The  jerboa. 

im  C^^r^ji  yarhamuk*  allah,  Gfod  have 
mercy  on  you !  [jaundice. 

^^li^^  yarkdn,   Paleness.      The  yellow 
J^jl  ywcsal,  That  which  can  be  sent. 

9 

i^ji  ywma\  That  which  can  be  thrown 
away. 

Jjji  Ta%id,  The  name  of  three  Khalifs 
of  the  house  of  Omeiya.     Name  of  an  arch- 


heretio  among  the  MuhammadanB.    Wicked, 

crael,  cnrsed,  execrable.    u^J^JJf  One 

of  the  sect  of  YazTd.  The  Yazidi  are  those 
Curds  who  worship  the  devil  called  Shaytan  or 
Iblia,  that  is,  the  genius  who  is  the  enemy  of 
God.  This  notion,  especially  prevalent  in  the 
Biarbekir,  and  the  mntiers  of  Persia,  is  a 
relic  of  the  ancient  system  of  the  good  and  tvil 
principles,   ■ 

jLwj  yasdr,  Left,  the  left  side.    Plenty, 

afflaence,  opulence.  |^^  yasdran, 
Towards  the  left,  to  the  left. 

i^Ugj  yasdrat,  Prosperity,  ease,  happi- 
ness ;  affluence,  opulence. 

iiss^  ytufad  leh,  Adorable. 

c  yM*j  yasgU^,  Jesus.    <Ur^J  yassu^yah, 

The  Jesuits.  [By  little,  by  degrees. 

jmmJ  yiulr,  Small,  little.   Easy.     ]ji^f 

jJmJ  yashm,  A  species  of  jasper  or  agate ; 

one  particularly,  which,  according  to  Oast^llns, 
comes  from  China  or  India,  and  has  the  quality 
of  diverting  lightning  from  any  place  where 
it  is  laid,  or  any  person  who  wears  it. 

i^Sxj  yu^di,  Communicable  (disease). 

L^fyj^ni  ya^snh,  The  king  of  the  bees,  a 
prince  or  chief  of  a  nation. 

i^^AM  ya^knb,  Jacob. 

<u!t  Jiju  ya^imuUah,  God  knows. 

^:ju  ya^ni,  That  is  to  say,  viz. 

m 

jAju  yitghfar,  Eemissible. 

God  forgive  me  and  you  (words  pronounced 
in  return  to  a  congratulation  when  sneezing). 

(jmUu  yukds,  Measurable. 

JSM  yuktalt  Which  can  be  killed,  which 

may  be  slaughtered.  Which  deserves  to  be 
put  to  death. 

^^^Jaib  yaktlny  A  gourd,  or  any  similar 
creeping  plant.     <^Vjkfl.^,  One  gourd. 

j^UaAj  yahzdUf  Vigilance,  watchfulness. 

iUoAJ  yakatat,  Waking,  not  being  asleep. 

^j^^  yaktn,  Certainly.  Certain  know- 
ledge, positive  knowledge.  ^j^Li]  Jit 
^ilm  «/  ya^n,  Positive  knowledge. 
cu'LxftAj  yakiniydt,  s.  pi.  Things  podi- 
tively  known,  known  for  certain.  ^ 


(465) 


u-^i 


JaLbJI  ^^jaM  ^j^  JSUII,  The  mere 

supposition  of  a  wise  man  is  infinitely  more 
trnstwortliy  than  the  certainty  (or  the  positiTe 

knowledge)  of  the  foolish.      _le  \j\ 

Ai^  ,,jJL,  I  am  certain  of  it.      (:.«&) 

yaiinan,  Certainly,  troly.  c^l«!*^1  ^^oju 

fji^\,  Some  learned  doctors. 

^^  jfokun,  It  will  be. 

w^L  ffolma^f  Lightning  dazzling  the 
eyes. 

4C«Uj  $famdma  (coll.  pi.  Aaj  yamdm), 

A  turtle  dove,  a  wood  pigeon,  also  a  domestic 
pigeon. 

^^Uj  yamaniifUn,  Natives  of  Yemen 

or  Arabia  Felix.  (JUj  (fem.  ^Uj), 

A   natire,  or   anything   belonging  to   that 
oonntry. 

^^jAj  yaman^   The  right  hand  or  side. 

Taman,  A  country  on  the  rieht  hand.  Arabia 
Felix. 

^U.4J  jfomnat,  Being  at  the  right  side. 
The  right  hand  or  side. 

^^^yamani,  Belonging  to  Arabia  Felix; 

*  a  kind  of  flowered  or  painted  cloth  fabricated  in 
that  oountry,U8ed  as  ooTcrs  for  bedsorfootstools. 

_:msj^  iV^  ^^  ^**  tf^^ff^^^f   Two 


great  factions  into  which  was  divided  the  nobility 
of  Mount  Lebanon*  These  factions  used  to 
distinguish  theroselyes  by  the  colour  of  their 
flags ;  that  of  the  kaitit  was  red,  that  of  the 
yamanU  was  white.  These  two  denomina- 
tions  haye   been  subsequently  replaced   by 

^l^lLkp-^  iS^V  yathdkH  wa  funbldtlf 

from  ytubak  SLndj'amhhU^  the  respective  names 
of  two  leading  fieunilies  in  the  country  of  the 
Druzes. 


^^ji^  yamiftf  An  oath,  ^j^^  i^ixj^f  To 
take  an  oath,  to  swear.     Yamlti,  The  right 

hand,  jide  or  part,   ^^^^^^t  ^1  (^  tnU 

ila'l  famhij  Turn  to  the  right. 

Ix^,  To  the  right  hand,  southward. 

i\^L^j  ^r^  v^-^^^  (dtafata  yaminan 

ioa  shamalany  He  turned  to  the  right  and  to* 
the  left. 

w^Lj  yand^f^(pl.  of  c^^),  Fountains, 
c  ^^  yamhu^y  A  fountain,  a  jet  d'ean* 

i,,,^-^cU£  yantakhab,  He   who    can    be 
elected.    Eligible. 


l^jJSu:j  yaniharib.  Drinkable. 

(Jfi^  yankabilf  Acceptable  (biU  of  ex- 
change). 
(Jycj  yan^tl,  Bemorable. 

L::^U[yatrdJ&!^(pl.ofc:jyb),  Jacinths. 

i^  iiak^  V-rr  ^^  ^jsS^\  jJ 


i*\ju!l  (^^oJ  jdS ,  He  then  took  forth 

firom  his  pocket  a  case,  written  upon  and 
sealed.  He  broke  its  seal  and  scattered  its 
contents,  whereupon  there  fell  from  it  strung 
jewels,  consisting  of  all  kinds  of  jacinths  and 
other  fi;ems,  together  with  three  hundred  oblong 
emeralds,  ana  three  hundred  large  oblong 
jewels,  of  the  size  of  the  eggs  of  the  ostrich. 

Ls^    Yamf,   Joseph,   the    patriarch. 

(Joseph  is  the  Adonis  of  the  East,  a  hand- 
some man  being  often  compared   to  him). 

mv*  arrekk  al  pahudt,  Flavins  Josephus,  a 
Jewish  historian.  He  came  of  distinguished 
ancestors,  and  received  a  liberal  education 
among  the  Pharisees,  after  which  he  went  to 
Eome,  where  he  cultivated  his  talents  to 
great  advantage.  On  returning  to  his  own 
countiT,  he  commanded  the  troops  employed 
to  ddend  Jotapata  against  Vespasian  and 
Titus,  and  maintained  die  place  bravely  daring 
seven  weeks.  Vespasian  took  him  into  his 
fovour,  and  he  was  held  in  great  esteem  by 
Titus,  whom  he  accompanied  to  the  siege  of 
JeruMdem,  at  the  taking  of  which,  Titus 
told  him  to  ask  for  anything  he  wished.  He 
requested  that  the  sacred  books  might  be 
given  to  him,  and  that  the  lives  of  his  brother 
and  fifty  of  his  friends  might  be  spared. 
When  Vespasian  became  emperor,  he  gave 
Josephus  a  palace,  with  a  pension,  the  freedom 
of  the  city,  and  a  grant  of  lands  in  Judesa. 
Titus  added  to  these  favours,  and  Josephus, 
out  of  gratitude,  SMumed  the  name  of  Flavins. 
During  his  residence  at  Rome  he  wrote  his 
"  History  of  the  Wars  of  the  Jews,"  first  in 
Syriac,  and  afterwards  in  Greek.  Its  style 
approaches  nearest  to  that  of  Livy.  He  also 
wrote  the  '*  Antiquities  of  the  Jews,"  in 
which  it  is  supposed  are  some  interpolations 
of  modem  transcribers,  particularljr  with  re- 
gard to  what  is  said  of  our  Saviour.  He 
wrote  likewise  two  books  in  defence  of  the 
Jews  against  Apion,  and  his  own  life.  b.  at 
Jerusalem  a.d.  37.  d.  at  Home  about  the 
year  98. 

30 


r* 


(466) 


^ 


Jiyt  pfU,  That  wliieh  can  be  eaben,  \  J^^  pi  -wa/.Tliat  whidtcm  be  ejected. 

^F«^  /aly.  '  ^  LTiT"  ^■^^'  '^''  "^ 

^^  ,««.  (pL  ^U ),  A  day.  or  twenty-  ;  jl,  '    Jl^,  Then,  on  tbet  day. 
wv  homi ;  (da J  in  eontndittnictiaii  to  mgfat  i    ^, 

^Uji  F«jia»y  Greeee ;  theGreek  natioiiy 


bemg  called  jl|}). 
fint  dajy  Simdaj. 
teeond  daj,  Monday, 
third  day,  Tuesday. 


\£h)\ 


r* 


The 
The 
The 


WjJl  ^ji.  The 


fourth  day,  Wednesday. 


r^-« 


The  fifth  day,  Thnreday.  te«^t  ^jj, 
The  day  of  meeting,  Friday.  ^^^ 
vr-^,»*.H,  The  seventh  day,  Saturday. 
iX^^^,A£iaitiTal-day.  (•W^^^U^, 

One  day  amongst  others.  Lvj^  U^, 
Fnmi  day  to  day,  de  die  in  diem,  without 

intermission,  daily.  My^\,  To-day. 
I*«J  J^t,  The  first  day.      U^,  On  a 

certain  day.  ^jj  J^,  Every  day. 
In  all  the  following  tenns  this  word  signifies 
the  Bay  of  Judgfnent.    ^^  jll  z*^  yawm 

eddin.    lULfllt  ^jj  yoirai «/  kiydmah, 

c-^liM^t  |4j^  yMm  fliT  hiiidh.      Myi 

ytfirm  uf  mUah.     j\J^\  ^^  yoirm  nT 
Jaradr.     JyJl  ajJ  yatrm  nT  tiidh 
UM  ayydman,  For  some  days. 


from  ^1^,  The  son  of  Ji^het     iJ^^t 
OneGfBoan;  anyflung dedL 

ij^^  F«fiy«#,  Jmie. 

Jjfi  IoAmJ,  The  Jews.    «^J^»  A  Jew. 

jf^  J^  FaihiJ  jr^UfWr,  The  Jews 

of  Khaibar.  ^"■•'W*'  is  a  town  of  Azahis, 
in  El-Hgas.  Ibp.  said  to  he  50,000.  It  is 
the  ei^ital  of  and  gives  name  to  an  indepen- 
dent Borereignty  of  Jews,  the  deseendants, 
aoeoiding  to  their  own  ■■crtion,  of  die  Trans- 
Joidanie  tribes,  Renben,  Gad,  and  ManasKh. 
They  hsYO  a  character  for  bravay  and  lean- 
ing ;  hnt  the  tenn  Beni-Khaibar  is  so  odieos 
among  Mahoomedana  that  its  application  is 
regarded  as  a  great  insult  In  manners  and 
qppeannee  th«D  Jews  do  ^t  differ  from  other 
Anbs.  Their  state  has  eiisted  npwards  of 
1200  years ;  and  though  the  town  was  captured 
Mohammad  in  the 


Lohammad  in  the  serenih  year  of  the 

h,  A-D.  628,  it  is  still  said  to  be  floiDzish- 

ingandpowerfoL  It  was  here  that  Mohammad 


receiTed  from  a  Jewess  a  jNoisoned  egg,  pro- 
fessedly to  test  his  prophetic  powers,  wnich 
laid  the  seeds  of  flie  disorder  under  which  he 
finally  sank  ahoal  foir  yean  afterwarda. 

^«3^  lUtkftya^,  Jndea ;  Jadaism. 
kJ*^yti  Tak^t^t  Jndaical.      Jew. 

aQI  u1<>  J«  yak^i^  aUah,  HayGod  direct 

yon !  (said  in  answer  to  one  who  congratolateB 
another  when  sneenng). 


SVD  OF  PABI  I. 


AN 

ETOLISH  ATO  ARABIC  DICTIONARY. 


PART  THE  SECOND. 


6tt0li8j  awir  ^ralrir. 


A5 


ARABIC    DICTIONARY. 


PART  THE  SECOND. 


^ttjjliaj  auir  $,ivilit. 


ABA 

AbandoiB^  r.  C/p  tarai,jS^  hajar.  To 

abandon  oneself,  cJU^t  inhimdk. 
Abandoned  (forsaken),  C^^^  matrUk, 

Abandoning,  or  abandonment,  kl^  farkf 
j^  ^f  uIh?*  A«fr5»»,  ^ir*  fnat- 

Abase,  v.  ^j  waita\  J  J  %M,   To  abase 

oneself,  eUiJ^  t^^uta^.    For  Thou  art 

not  to  be  qneitioned  regarding  that  which 
Thoa  dost;  and  Thou  art  able  to  do  whatso- 
eyer  Thou  wilt  i^tolled  be  Thy  perfection ! 
Thou  enrichest  whom  Thoa  wilt,  and  whom 
Thoa  wilt  Thoa  impoyerisheet.  Thoa  magni- 
fieit  whom  Thoa  wilt,  and  whom  Thoa  wilt 

Thonabasest,  Jju7  Uwc  Jw)  uJoU 


Aba8ed,^^«A>*  Aiij^r,  JJJ  zalll^jJL^^, 

mukkJcar, 
KboaemiBDii  jjia^  tahklr*     Self-abase* 

ment,  ^^^y  tawddu^ 
Abash,  V,  Jf^  hhajjal.  Abashed,  ^Ji^ 

khaflan.     To  be  abashed,  J^  kkqfU. 


ABH 

Abate,  v.  (make  less)  fjofij  nakhui.  (To 
beoome  less),  ^joSj  nukei. 

Abatementr  ^l*^  twMsdn,  (Jij^  iamfl. 
To  make  an  abatement,  ^jASi\  ijJi^ 
mukdsart  Ottoman. 

Abbess,  ».jl*ii\  i»*^  rayMt  addayr. 

Abbey,  s.jiJ  dayr. 

Abbot,  t.  yJ<^J\  {jHj  ^^  orruhban. 

Abbreviate^  v,j*r\f^  \  Mtasar. 

Abbreviation,  jLdCiLfi^l  ikhtisdr.  Abbrevia- 
tions of  words,  c:^|^Ua&>.t  ikktiad/rdt, 

Abbre viator,  yidiirr*  mukhtoiir. 

Abbreviated,  ^^-^^L^  mukhtator. 

Abdicate,  r.  ^(Jj^  tand%al^, 

Abdioation,  J)^^  t^^tsa/,  uj^  tark. 

Abhor,  9.  9\jSsmJ  utikr&h^    Thereapon 

she  said,  Sleep  on  thy  night,  and  mayest  thou 
neyer  wake  again !  1  abhor  thee  and  thy  ag^y 
fiwe.  My  som  is  wefury  of  thy  company.  I  do 
not  know  when  he  will  take  thy  soul  away,  so 

that  I  may  get  rid  of  thee !  ^^Jb  \  jlj 


o" 


ABO 


(470) 


ABB 


Abhorred,  ^^^^  tnakrnh.  [htyah. 

Abhorrence,  »\Jz*A  utikr&h,  ljb\^hird' 
Abide,  v.  ^^jL^  aahana,  CX«  makasa. 
Abiding,  ^iSl  ikdmah.    Abiding-place, 

Abject,^:J>-  haklr. 

Abjection,  lij  %illat,  J  J  Bt7.  Bow  art 
thou  reduced  to  humility  and  submission,  and 
abjection  and  obsequiousness,  after  thy  dis- 
dain and  pride,  and  tyranny  amd  haughtiness, 

Ability  (power),  ijji  htdrai,  j\jcj1 
Middr,  The  beet  of  my  ability,  ^^.Mud- 
4^j\  JCJ  \  hasab  iktiddri.  Ability  (faculty 
of  the  tnind),  ^Jac  ^kl,  SLi\ji  fardsat, 

Ab  initio  (Iiat.)>  aiv.  J^i\^J^  mindldsL 

Ab  intestate  (Lat.)»  ^adv.  Z^jj^  ^^ 
min  ghayr  watiiyaK 

Abjectly,  <n^.  Jjj  hmttm. 

Abjuration,  k)ljJ^I  irtHsJL 

Abjure,  v.  Sjj\  uftai. 

Able,  Jilj  MM,  ^Jli  hsiiir-.  TobeaUd, 

J  jJ  hadisr.  And  when  they  httdl>Mtight 

the  wealth  before  me,  I  said  to  tiiem.  Can  ye 
deliver  me  by  the  means  of  all  these  riches, 
and  pufchMe  for  me  therewith  one  day  dnrin? 
which  I  may  remain  alive  ?    But  they  could 

not  do  so !  tj^J^^jj-J  Jll^  \^ja»A  Uli 


Ablution,  JImJlcI  igUUalf  yi^  wodu. 
Aboard  K^jXi\^  Jtl  marMb.   (They 

went  aboard),  i^^jt^\  ^  1^  nida 
fil  markab. 
Abode,  8.  ^ICi  makdn,  ^^SLu^  maskan, 
Jjv^  mantal,  w:^  5ay^.     Upon  this 


^ble  have  eaten  a  thousand  one-eyed  kings, 
iandA  thousand  kings  each  sound  in  both  eyes. 


All  of  them  have  quitted  the  world,  and  taken 
up  their  abode  in  we  sepulchre  and  the  grave  ! 

tKlt  lJ1\  ifjJUll  ^JJb  ^  J^l jJ 

Abolish,  «.  JILjI  t^<d^  ^/«M. 

Abolished,  ^^.A>»  ina/««M. 

AboHtion,  *.  Jlki\  fJfcH  ^/iwtA. 

Abominable,  ^ji^  fnahrHh. 

Abominate,  v.  2ftyic;M9l  M^tib-dA. 

Abomination,  8.  i^»Ji^  makr^Mah, 
Abominatiims,  ^\:J^  ^handi^^  ^M 
kabd^,  C^Uj^yU  mahruhdt. 

Aboriginal,  ^^Upl  j^^Ji  ^j;^  J^y^ 
mutawaUin  min  hutlm  uxsamdn. 

Abortion,  t.  tU^if  uibd^,  ^^  turh. 

Abortive,  adj.  f^\j  ndku. 

Above  (over),  ^le.  ^\  jy  fauik\ 
(high),  ^U  ^aft.  From  above,  jy  ^j^ 
minfauA.  Abovementioned,  ^\jLwL«!^ 
almmhdr  ikyh,j^j^  \  almaftkUr,  Above 
measure  (•excessive),  «\>-!L  btld  haddy 
lfi)l  jy  fawk  alhadd.      ' 

About  (around),  jS^fidawdr,  J^  JUnr/; 
(near),  c-^^  *«irT3,  %Jy&i  toM&m, 

*xic  ^nda ;  (ooncemnig),  ^^  ^«n,  ^S  /f  • 

Know  that  thy  aoul  is  about  to  quit  the 
world,  and  to  perish  and  depart  from  it ;  then 
wilt  thou  be  ndnced  to  destruction ;  and  it 
is  the  worst  abode  to  which  thou  art  going, 

Lfi^^  ♦  UjXL.  Li jil  (iC-j J  Ji  ^\ 

Abridge,  r.  jL£;£wl  ikhiiidr. 
Abridgment,  8.j\»di£>-\  tkhi$8&r. 
Abreast,  aUI  amdntf  Jj\sU  imiidM. 
Abroad(withoutdoor8),  U^la^.  Mtfrffon, 

^\jib^  ndhiram, 
Abrogation,  JlLit  atalf  ^  mukh. 
Abrogated*  a^\  ^^mi^  maniUkk^ 

fMif8ilkk, 


ABS 


(471) 


AfiU 


Abscen,  *.  t-»-  kabbah. 

Abscond,  v.  \k:J^\  ikhtifii. 

Absence,  4^  gKayhaty  c»>L£  ghmfdh. 

Absent,  l^U  gkdyib. 

Absent,  v.  (^U  ghdh.   To  be  absent  (in 

mind),  jl^^V  \Jj^  ffhartk  h%l  afidr. 

Absent  things,  <-^U^  ghayhdt.  And 
she  used  to  love  me  bo  tenderly,  that  when  I 
absented  mpelf  from  her,  she  would  neither  eat 
nor  drink  till  she  saw  me  again  in  her  company, 


^jLji^  Jil-H  l^  wr^  lil 

Absentee,  «.  i.^lc  ghayib. 
Absolve,  9.  ^  ghafara. 
Absolved,  i^j^^  maghfUrlahiL 
Absolution,  blks^l  iJjL/9  maghfarat  ul 

khatdgd. 
Absolute  (despotic),  j;ik^vtti^ia^,Jii:MM^ 

muatakU;  (complete),  a\j   tdm,  i*UJ 

tamdm,  J^l^  kdmil,   Absolate  power, 

Absdntdy  (despotically),   ]Uima*«  mtMf a- 
ib72ai»,    Ulk^  mutlakan;  (perflectly), 

Absolateness,  ^Laikx^  mutlMyah,  J!Uxm>\ 

Idligah, 
Absorb,  9.  ^Ibj^  ti^Td^.  And  she  looked 

to  the  riffht  and  left,  and  then  shnt  the  win- 
dow, ana  disappeared.  Fire  had  been  shot 
into  my  heart,  and  my  mind  was  absorbed  by 
her.  My  hatred  of  women  was  torned  into  love, 


Absorbable,  pliij]ll^uJjil:al\^^;C».>ii»Mi»i*- 

kinat  tmuhiftpal  MUd^ 
Absorption,  ^cj\  Attld^ 

Abstain,  v.  (to  shun,  avoid)  LmAiA^-] 


ifiindhf  ^jSxs^  HUkdr  mm.    She 

then  folded  the  letter,  and  gave  it  to  the  old 
woman,  saying  to  her.  Deliver  it  to  him,  and 
aay  unto  him,  Abstain  from  theae  words.  And 

she  replied,  I  hear  and  obey,  iJD^  J 

dJbcS  \4  cuju^  j^  aut\^  t^\sii\ 

isJUi  Jl^\  \jA  ^  1^  dl  ^y^  ^ 

Abstemious,  abstinent,  JjS^S  ^^ 
muktaml  ^  vidld^  cyi  kand^ 

Abstinence,    i^\:c>>-\    ifttndby  ^jr^^ 

.  ihtirdt,  ^\:c^\  inUind^ 

Abstract  v.  (take  away),  ^jJcls^-I  tkhta* 
las.  To  make  an  abstract,  j^aaSA  ikh' 
iatar.  Abstract nonn,  ,<2»a^  ff^\  tsm 
macna.*  Abstract  verb,  ^^U  ^^fi^ 
ndkia.  Abstract  number,  i^^/s^  J«Xfi 
^adad  tnt^'arrad.  Abstract  idea,  jy»aj 
J^jK^  tasiHotour  mufturrad.  In  the  ab* 
stract,  aiv.  jlU^Si  ^Jlc  ^oM  iUdk. 

Abstractedness,  ^  mK^. 

Abstraction,  ^^^/^^  ikhrdj\  (jl/2  tajrik, 
fipj  sirkat,  ^^ijSfr  tqfr^d,  *^^j^  ^J^ 
ikyun  mufarrady  4^1  iohH, 

Abstractly,  adv.  1Uimm«  mmatdkUlan. 

Abstnue,  abstract,  ^jU^  nutghlak. 

Absurd,  Jl«r^  muhdl. 

Absurdity,  Ji«i\  Ju^  ^^  shay  dtddal^kl. 

Absurdly,  Jac^^  ^  mm  ^^r  ^a^/. 

Absurdness,  s.^y^junUn,  ^Uqj  hutldn. 

Abundance,  i^  kisrai.  [fiy*^' 

Abundant,  ^^  kaAr,j3\j  wafir,  ^/^ 

Abundantly,  adv,  2r<3lo  hizyddah. 

Abuse  9,  (to  ridicule),^jBr***^  tamaskhar; 
(to  deceive),  (jyu^  ghash;  (to  speak 
obscenely),  ^^^uj>.UJ  tafdhash. 

Abuse  (ill  use),  ib  J^  icKs.  ^dat  radiyat  \ 
(ridicule),  HjS^**^  maskhara. 

Abusive,  ^^\y^\  «Xi  didd  al  katcdnin. 

Abusively,  ^y\jjj0  bighayr  kdnlLn. 


ACC 


(472) 


ACC 


Abatment  (see  Bonndazy,  eto.)>  The 
abutments  of  a  bridge,  lijiX^-  hudiid. 

Abyss,  9.  fji  ^amk^  AM  htjjfat,  jf  ghamr, 
A  bottomless  pit,  (j^j^i  hlr  ^omfifc. 

Academy,  «.  ^yJi\J\,^  ddr  ulfimUn. 

Academic,  «.  ^yilljl  jj  c-jyyji^  tnaniui 

liddr  ulfunun. 
Accede,  t^.  (to  acquiesce  in,  consent  to), 

J^  kahil,  ^j  ridl.    To  accede  to  a 

throne,  ^jtXp^  jaUm. 
Accelerate,  v.  J^:^  i^^' 
Accelerated,  J>i^  mu^ai. 
Acceleration,  ^j^\  itrd^ 
Accent, «.  i^j>'  harahat ;  (to  point  Arabic, 

etc.),  (^j&\  a^ah. 
Accept,  V.  (take)  J^  Mil. 
Acceptance,  J^  hahulf  h\^\  ijdhai. 
Acceptable  (agreeable),  JjfA-«  makhid, 

j^J^  moihknr,  ^j^  mtirdt. 
Acceptably,  J^fAi  HkabiU. 
Accepted  (receiyed),  J^^L*  nuMaJ. 
Acceptation  (received  sense  of  a  word). 

Access  (way,  approach),  J^«3  dukhul, 
^\  L^jij  tdkarrvh'iU,  To  have  ac- 
cess, .  Jue  A^ti  dakhal  ^<Ua\  Access 
(addition),  sj\ij  ziy&dat.  The  access 
or  fit  of  a  fever,  i^^^j^*^  i^dtrr  al 

humma*  Be  happy  and  cheerful,  for  I 
iwill  not  cease  my  endeaToun  until  I  procure 
thee  an  interview  with  her,  and  obtain  for 

thee  access  to  her,  ^^^*^j  ^^^  ^^^ 

Accessory  (additional),  Jotj  %d'ld, 

^radi.     Anything  accessory, 
damlmah. 
Accessible,  Jy^J^I  ^Jji  Idyik  addukhul^ 

J^  JiS\  ^jL^^  mumkin  adduihul. 


Accession  to  a  throne,  ^j^  julUi.    He 

celebrated  festiyitieSigaTesumptttousbanmiets, 
conferred  rich  robes  of  honour  upon  aU  the 
princes  and  generaU  of  the  army,  bestowed  alms 

Tn  the  poor  and  needy,  and  set  at  liberty 
the  pruoners;    and  the  people  rejoiced 
at  the  accession  of  King  Kamar-ei-Zaman , 

Accessory  (assisting  in  a  crime),  f^j 
L^jJI  raflkid  %anb. 

Accident,  $.  Xj jl>-  hddisai,  ^^  ^drid. 
Accidents,  i^c\j>-  hawddit,  u^j^y^ 
^awdridf  f-£^^  wakdl^.  By  aoddent, 
adv.  ^\sui\  i^y)  Uwajhd  iUifdh. 

Accidental,  ^j^  ^adl. 

Accidentally,  \j\iu\  ittifdhan.  Acci- 
dents of  the  body,  A^Ka^mp^  u^l^ 
^lodridjwndniat  Accidents  of  for- 
tune (adversities),  4^^^  ^wdyik. 

Acclaim,  v,n.  \^j\^  s^^^  ndda*  adrikhan. 

Acclamation,  9.  JuL|J  tahhl. 

Acclimate,  acclimatize,  v. a.  \^\  Jla  J^ 
^aiwwad  ^alal  hawd. 

Acclivity  (ascent  of  a  hill),  J^sf*  if  JJ^ 
wahdatjahal. 

Accolade,  9.  ^\x^  mu^nakdh* 

Accommodate,  v.  (to  adapt),  ^\^  wdfak^ 
u-  ^f^  ndsah. 

Accommodated,  (ji^y  muwdfik,  ^jji 
Idyiky  L»  ■.■.>L^  mundaib.  Pray  be 
accommodated,  fCJ^  J^iiAj  ta/addai 
i9tarlh.  C^T/^  murik. 

Accommodating,  part.  (ji\y  muwdJiJi, 

Accommodation  (fitness),  4«*«sL/e  «Mitd- 
9abat,  iA3\y  muwdfaiatf  cMy  iawfik ; 
(reconciliation),  jUJl  Mi/di.  Aooom- 


ACC 


(473) 


AGO 


modation  bill,  a;»»-]Lk.tf^  ^Jjj  polina 

Mildkiyah. 
Accompaniment,  8»  <t4y4«^  damUmahm 
Accompany,  v.  fji\j  rd/ak. 
Accomplice,  8.  u-^  JJl  ^jJj  raflhdwanh. 

Accomplish,  v,  (finiBh),    ^^  iammam, 

O  my  broiher,  I  haye  no  ftirtner  want  of  the 
shop,  for  I  haTo  aocomplished  the  pnimMO 
for  which  I  took  it,  and  I  giye  it  to  thee, 
with  tdl  that  it  contains,  completely  on 
aoconnt  of  thy  haying  come  abroad  with  me, 
and  tiiy  absenting  thyself  from  thy  country, 

Aocomplished  (completed,  perfect),  |*UJ 
iamdm^  J^\^  Jcdmtl.  Accomplished 
(in  mind  or  person),   c->ji  u-^^»-l-^ 

Accomplishment  (completion),  i^tiJi  »^- 
fyidm.  Accomplishment  (of  mind  or 
body),  J-oi  fail,  ij J  sf»a^.  Accom- 
plishments, JjLiifaddifd,  JU^kamdl 

They  were  educated  with  ^^^eat  care,  magni- 
ficence, and  tenderness,  and  instructed  in  polite 
arti  and  accomplishments.  They  learned 
caligraphy,  general  science,  the  art  of  adminis- 
tration, and  horsemanship,  until  they  attained 
the  utmost  perfection,  and  became  distin- 
gniahed  by  consummate  beauty  and  loyeliness, 


Accomptant,  j?<ir^.  L--.^v-»l.«f*  tnuhdM. 
Accord,  or  accordance,  iai'^  muwdfakat, 

With  one  accord,  J^lj  J^V  **  »^^*" 

/djfc  iodhid. 
Accord,  r.  ^j  waffah. 
Accordant,  according,  (ji^y  muwdfit. 
According  as,  according  to,  accordingly, 


koHtb,  Jt^  mul,j^^  hikadar. 
According  to  custom,  (^y^J^  t^mmr^ 
hasab  arruiUm,  According  to  the  sig- 
nal, ij\J^i\  k^^M^  hasab  uPiaharat. 
According  to  the  occasion,  i^'^m'^ 
Liu^f  hamb  utiktida.  According  to 
the  emei^iency,  ^\p^\ji^^  bikadar 
uTihttydj.  According  to  permission, 
^U-Sf  y^^m'^  hoiob  vTjfdsat.  Ac- 
cording to  order,  aC^\  \^^tnr*^  hmah 

vThukm.  Thus  I  continued  for  the  space  of  a 
year,  after  which  I  came  one  day  into  the 
desert,  according  to  my  custom,  and  I  wandered 

about,  Sjl^  JUJ^  \iJb  ^^^  k:uwsJj 


\ 


Accost,  9.  f!L»  iottam,  lS^  karrab. 

Accouchement,  «.  scHj  walddah. 

Accoucheur,  jJ^f  z*:?^  hoMmidtawUd. 

Account,  «.  c-^La>.  hUdb.  To  settle 
accounts,  v_  -^^'^  hdiob.  The  balance 
of  an  account,  c-^Lu^l  ^l^  bdll 
alhUdb.  An  auditor  of  accounts,  ^j^\ 
(^LwoJl  <mln  Misdb.  To  call  any 
one  to  an  account  for  money,  c-^JJ? 
c^Lu^\  talab  alhiidb.    To  rectify  an 

account,  c-^Iau^\  ^^^  iahhah  Mudb. 
An  account  (narrative),  j^  khdbar, 
d^  imah,  lAi^  hikdyat.  To  give 
an  account,  .^s^-  kkdbhar.  Account 
(value),  ^UJ  Jdmatf  j\^  i^ibdr.  To 
make  account  of  (to  esteem),  jfix\ 
i^ttbar.  On  your  account,  cl^^l  ^;-« 
mtft  qfalak.  On  this  account,  J^f  ^^ 
Cj]j  min  ajl  %aUk.    Short  accounts 

make  long  friends,  i^,ss^j^^  c-.>luu»- 

Ai^kUdbun  kasilr  muhabbatun  tawilah. 

But  I  was  troubled  in  heart  on  account  of 
your  absence  from  me,  and  my  sadness  for  yov 
Ion,  and  my  staying  in  the  palace  by  mji' 


ACC 


(474) 


AGO 


tti^U  t-.j«,  uUi!!  jy^  \i\  j]^ 

AfioountaUe,  J^JL^  mot'*;. 
Aooountant, «.  ^.^Lb*  «ti*d*.l. 
Aoconnt-book,  ».^0  da/few. 
Acoounting-hoaBe,  <.  ^_,^^.,  miitai. 

t 

A43oonnt8  (arithmetic),  c-;UJ|  Ac  ^dm 

Acooutremente,  #.  j?/.  i^^Lyx  oL  Jut 

mtdhnsat  ^oBkanyah^    He  made  teady 

the  accoutrements  and  weapons,  and  mounted, 
With  his  forces  of  the  Jinn  and  of  mankind, 
jpon  the  carpet,  with  the  biids  flying  over  his 
head,  and  the  wild  beasts  beneath  ttie  caipet 

marohing,  k^j^  ^Ul^  ifjuJi  :^\^ 

^yiL»  bluuJl  v^or^ 
Accredit,  ».  it.  jjJu>  w<«ii*,  ^  j^^cLcl 

AccrGdited,^^-a«^  mu^iahar,  ^r  -ja-t  mw- 
Aoorae,  ».  (to  arise  as  profit),  CL>jjhj 

Accumulate,  r.  ^4^jama^. 
Accumulated,   ^y^jsr*  tMfmu^y    J\j:^ 


Accumulation,  j-^^/om^,  ^^/JiahoUn. 

Accumulative,  j%j/Jlj  ijljl]  J^lS  JfcfiW 
uniyaddh  wdl  iahwim. 

Accuracy,  iJ*-*"  «flA^i^. 

Accurate,  l^^Ja^  uwaJft^,  -^wb^  wAf^i. 

Accurately,  i^  Jij  WiW  toAAa^. 

Accursed,  ^y^  nnd^n  (pi.  ^^1^ 
fMla^n),  ^^  la^n.  May  he  be  ac- 
cursed, Ux:  aDI  ijJ  la^UdM^dayhi. 

Accusation,  i  l^  Mi%dya^,  l^Lt  AahvA, 
»yJ^  ihakwah. 

Accusative^  a.  ij  Jyuu^  tna/^iOun  hik. 

Accusable,  il^l  (joL^  muiiahik  otA- 
shikdyat. 


Accuse,  r.  lULc  ^Jc-il  wAWitf^M, 
Accused,  <Ux  ^y:X«  mudd^  ^akyih. 
Accuser,  t.  ,^J^  mudda^. 
Accusing,  part.  prei.  ^JcJ^  mushtakl. 
Accustom,  V.  ^  jjc  ^auwad  ^aU. 
Accustomed,    jla«^   mu^idd.      To  be 

accustomed,  to  accustom  oneself,  jLu 

^Jx  ta^awwad  ^ala'. 
Ace,  «.  j^i  tfM.  [%Aayr  rds. 

Acephalous  (without  a  head),  {jm\jjJo 
Acerb,  ^^^l^  hdmid. 
Acerbity  (sourness),  !LiyAs>^  htmUdat. 
Ache,  #.  ^^j  wqfa^.    The  head-ache, 

(^VJS^  j-^j  t^tf;a^  arrd«.    The  belly- 
ache, ^Jia^\  ^rj-j  icaja^albatn.     The 

tooth-ache,  ^LJt  ^^jtr<i;Vr^(w«inoii. 

The  ache,  or  disease  of  the  liver. 

«V^t  fTo/a^  alkibd. 
Ache,  r.  (suffer  pain),  ^^y  tawajja^. 
Achieve,  r.  Jif  kammal,  JiJ  tammam. 
Achievement,  «.  (heroic  action),  JUil 

ir  ju««k»-  of^fi/  hamidah. 
Acid,  (^^i^l>>  hdmid.    To  make  acid, 

acidulate,  (^^a4i>«  hammad. 
Acidity,  acidness,  Layt^  kumiUka. 
Acm^   (of  a   disease),   ^[^a^,   lahrdn, 

(^\jss^\  /•jJ  yawm  oil  haJ^dn. 
Acknowledge,  v,y  karr,  uJ^I  ictaraf. 
Acknowledged,    J^-i*    makbal,  Jl^ 

mukarrart  (^jxjl^,  mu^raf, 
Acknowledgment(confession),^l  if  iirdr; 

(gratitude),  ^\/j:»  ihukrdn;  (oonoes- 

sion),  ^Lm»-^  thsdn. 
Aconite    (wolfsbane),    c^JJl    j;iU- 

khdnik  asalh. 
Acorn,  «.  l?^  haHiU. 

Acoustic,  ^^A^Jt  Jlc  ^ilm  uuama^ 

Acoustics,  <yUiM)  MMVNI^f • 


ACB 


(475) 


Acxr 


Acquaint,  v. 


\  alhhar.     And  she 


wrote  on  the  door  to  aeqaaint  her  beloved  with 
the  tnuuport  of  paanon  that  she  experienced, 
whicSi  was  such  as  would  make  the  fleah  to 


tj 


qoake^  andmelttheharde8trock,Vi..«w^^ 

Acqnaintanoe  (knowledge),  isyut  mo^rt- 
fai,  JLc  ^Im;  (femiliarity),  L^La^ 

musdhahatf  iLmf^  iuhhai.  I  hare  seen 
her  many  times,  and  she  was  my  companion 
when  we  were  little  children;  out  now  we 
have  no  acqnaiataaee  with  each  oihar,  on  ao- 

ooimt  <^  the  distaiioe  between  us,  (jt 

,  s^m/>Xfi  cuJI^«  ifjjj^  \j\^  \uz^\ 

Acgnaintanoe, «.  c^-.'^-Ui^  mM&hih. 

Acquainted  (familiar),  uJJj^  WMXlaf^ 
v^j}L«  md/ti/;  (informed),  ^Usm  mii^ 

fo/t^.  To  be  aoqaaintedi  ^LLt  <rM!«^« 
Acquaintanceship,  <a!(  t^/^Ay  Z*sr^  ami* 

hdbhah, 
Aoquieaoe,  v.  ^j  roily  JJ  kahU, 

Aoquieeoenoe,  J^  Jtab^  U^  ridd* 

Acquirable,  i^yaa^ffuHahofm^. 

Acquire,  f?.  J«^  hatioi. 

Acquired,  J^isr*  futfAoMo/.     To  be  ao- 

quired,  J-dcsr  Ukmol. 
Acquirer,  «.  Jiioc^  mnAMinl. 
Acquisition,  acquirement^  ^i^L«s^t  ikti' 

Acquit,    1^.  (pardon),  Jlc  ghafitr;   (to 
set  free),  ^^^oLa^  khakut;  (to  do  one's 

duty),  Uc  u,^yi  jUj. 

Acquitment,  acquittal,  ^  ^q/b,  ijiiut 
maghfarai.    An  acquittance  (receipt), 

\j\  ibra. 

I*. 
Aore, «.  ^\*xi  fiuUan* 

Acridy  j^  rnurr. 


Acrimonious,  adf\j\^  hdr,  (Jij^  hanlh 
Acrimony,  acritnde,  ij\/9  nuirdrai, 
AaEopolisy  ^^•a>>  Amm,  ^uli  ^^a. 


Acrostic, 9. (.J^  Jjl  ii;:^  *— ^r^  lK  (^^ 

,7*-^  ^-^^  csT** 
Across,  jy^   ^Hr,    Across  a  rirer, 

jfWjf^  ^abar  atmahr. 
Act,  V.  ^^^  sana^  ^^yt>c  ^amaly  ^Jiu 

fa^.    To  act  a  play,  Uy^al  ^^i. 
Acting,|9ar^.j?r«f.4J^U  ^dmi7,  J^li/^^i?. 
Act  ^  Action,  «.  Jjti  ^^/,  J^  ^mo/, 

^1  «mr.    An  action,  lawsuit,  or  cause, 

\ycJ   da^S,    c\jj   nwd^.      Actions, 

JUi^   af^dl,   Jlf^  u^dL     A  good 
action,  JL^  J^^  ^atnal  sdUh,  An  heroic 

action,  Uc  ghcad. 
Active  (industrious),  J^^  C;^.«>-Ltf  fdAti 
Aar«ibi^.  ^^  mmi^    An  active  verb, 

ji^2  muta^addt.  Active  voice,  ajLc^^Uj 
5an«  m0^/fim.  A  participle  active,'  ^\ 

Activity  i>r  Activeness,   klli   imm^^, 

^j^    hardkat,    ^tjii    tkdAm,    Sxj^ 

iSjai\  8i^t  id  haraiah.  [^dmi7. 

Actor,  B.   (agent),   J^li  fi^,   J^lc 

Actual,  ^JyAg>^  AaMf,  (J^  J  sd^f. 

Actuality,  ^^A:«i>>  httkiiat. 

Actually,     J«lb    W^^/,    jJ^jll  ^^ 

Actuate,  v. a,  cJ^  hturrak.    To  be  ac- 

tuatedy  «•  H.  cJl^^  taharrak. 
Acute,   ^li  hdU^ ;   (ingenious),  _^J 

sai^I.  An  acute  angle,  ir  jI^  ^^1j  adtrf- 
yahhdddak*  Aoute-angled,  ^^|p\jl>> 
hddduk&wiyaK  An  acute-angled  tri- 
angle, UI^jJIjU.  cJ^  mmdoi  Add- 
duuModifd, 
Acutely,  adv.  l^\^  A\ji  Mrdyfii  idgibr 


AD£ 


(476) 


ABJ 


Acntenen,  4j. 

Adage,  t.  Ji^  nuual  (pL  Jli^t). 

Adamant,  jly  puldd.     An  imaginary 

metal,  after  the  nature  of  our  word  adnmamty 
the  chancteristic  of  wbich  is  hardneas. 

Adapt,  V,  c,  ^mAj  ndsah. 
Adapted,  u^^^U^  mwUitih. 
Add,  f7.  a.  o\j  zdd,  i^\J\  add/. 
Added,  uJLd^  muddf,  /^y^^^  wutdmum. 

To  be  added,  (^U3t  mis/. 
Adder,  9.^^m\  af^.  Adders,  ^U\  afi^. 

Addict,  V.  _)l£  J^  ta^awwad  ^aJa^* 

Addicted,  adf.  ^J^:^  mti^^aft. 

Addition,  ijbj  jsiyddat,  ^il^f  fi{^/Si#. 
Addition  (in  arithmetic),  ^-^^^  jatn^ 
Additions,  ajUm^  damayim  iJl^Usr^, 
mtdhaldt,  CL>\ilid/t  muddfdt 

Additional,  JjIj  sSt^,  ^Ul  ii2d/f. 

Additive,  ^J^^  wash. 

Address,  v.  (speak  to),  ^^U^.  khdtah, 
^jOjC  ^ad;  (to  write  to,  or  petition), 

f^Vs^j£,  j^dS  iaddam  ^dhdh    So  his 

mother  said  to  him,  Do  as  thoa  wilt,  but 
beware  of  speaking  mdelT  to  him  when 
thoa  addressest  him,  for  won  knowest  his 
Tiolenoe  of  temper  and  his  power,  and  I  fear 
lest  he  make  a  violent  attack  upon  thee, 
since  he  knows  not  the  dignity  of  any  one, 

^IcJMj  *  AJ^U  J«3\  *  A^U  L=JUi 

Address  (salutation),  >»]L>  sdldm;  (speech), 
c^Uar^  khitdh;  (skill),  jL  ^oiU; 
(courtship),  Jus^f  jl^f  fsAar  a/  mo- 
hahhat.   Anaddress (petition),  Jl^*^ 

Addresser,  «.  ^ji»AsL%  muUamis. 
Adduce, f^.a.^^jJbl^l  j\jl\irddulhardkln. 
Adept,  $.jJb\^  mdhir,  J^l^  kdmih 
Adequate,  ^^Uxv  muCdhik,  ^p\y  mu- 


Adequately,  XSLlj  hUaydhOm, 
Adequateness,  «.  ^U  hydkoL 
Adhere,  9.  ^H  Idsak,  J^\   Matdk. 

To  cause  to  adhere,  fj*^  lauak. 
Adherence,  adherenoy,  adhesion,  jla^l 

Adherent^  ^»flrA^  myMatik,  ^/^  vk«k- 

#  VVvVis  ^  fc^w^^W    SW^WVWiW^B'4 

Adherent,  «.  ^J^i;  ri;^iL  [h&k. 

Adhesion,  £<^]U  gw^nawntf,  jl^f  iUi- 
Adhibit,  9.  a.  v*^  j  rattab, 
Adhibition,  c-ow^  loriii. 
Adjacent,  ^^^^>^mMa»il^j^sj^  mn^wir. 
Adjective  Noun,  iL^\  jtJ\  wn  asfi/aif 

vz.^nj  nact,  i»^Afi»  wuf. 
Adjectively,  v:^  na^tofi. 
Adieu,  Z^ImJ)  w^  mo^MffllasM/.     To 

bid  adieu,  i^.  6 Jj  wadda^         Ct^^- 
Ad  infinitum  (Lat),  adv.  allt  l^U  J\ 

Ad  interim  (Lai  ),  adv.  \sjy9  wtuwaikaiaH. 

Adjoin,  V,  fj^^  foasal. 

Adjoining,  adj.  fj^aa^  muttoM. 

Adjourn  9.  (Jf«famAa/.  To  adjouzn  an  as- 
sembly, ijAs^\jS>^\  aJMkmr  almafku. 

Adjourned  (to  such  and  such  time),  J^^-i 
c=^j  Jli  Jl.  \Uimr. 

Adjournment,  <•    JV*t   tmAd/,   .^U 

Adjudge  or  Adjudicate,  v.  Jl>.  Ao^m, 

Adjudication, «.  Jl^  Aiiim. 

Adjunct  or  Adjunction,  t.  ^l^t  tlifi/i^. 
See  Addition,  Junction. 

Adjuration,  «.  amJ  ibuoai.     See  Oath. 

Adjure,  v.  ^hmJ  JbotMm.  (I  adjure  yon) 
by  Gk)d  the  Most  High,  ilS^  r  mJ^ 
^lu  ^  Ij  tfibtm  ^o/oyib  ^r^ZoAt  <«&dZ0'. 

Adjust,  t7.  Ja3  funm. 
Adjusted,  f^o:^  mMoSkm^ 


\raJtUk. 


Aim 


(477) 


ADO 


Adjoatmenty  lUkJt  miiadm,  fioj  nasm, 

i^^J  iartth. 
Adjoater,  «.  J9U  ndstM.  [u^tfi. 

Adjutant,  «.  L^^^jBt  m^h,  U9^*^  MH^d- 

Adminiater  or  Adminiatrate,  r.  (order, 

gOTom),  S^  haiam.    To.  adminiater 

jnatice,  ^J^\  i^j^-^  (^ra*  alhakk,  e^ 
shara^  To  adminiater  phyaiCj^U^d  A;;. 

Adminiatration  (goyemment).  S.^-  hukm, 
Zj\^  tiyiUiU;  (distribution),  ^Jy 
i4HC%l^    Lettera  of  adminiatration,  ^ 

^^^\  huf'ah  roimiyah  tu^l  min  taraf 

id  kulUmah  M  al  waH»       [hukOmah, 

Adminiatratiye,  A^yLs)l  (^/^aC  ffokm  al 

Adminiatrator, «.  (goyemor),  ^^l^  hdhim ; 

(a  guardian),  Isil^  h&Jk\  (an  execu- 

OP 

tor),  ^j  troHy ;  (^a  miniater  of  atate), 

jlj^  waAr,  [muilriyat. 

Adminiatratorahip, «.  iJ^Si  tddrat,  ^^x« 

Administratrix,  ^U^j  trMiyaA. 

Admirable,  jj\j  nddir,  Ias^  tuhfat, 
^r-^  mwyiJ,  L-^.-^^  ^fl;15. 

Admirably,  a^.  ^^  ^;'m*^*  V  ^M^antro;  A. 

Admiral,  4.  J|i:^«f  ammira/, ^^t^*^\ 
tfmir  a/  hahr.  Lord  High  Admiral, 
4U^\  J\^\  if  jU^.  Admiral  of  the 
Fleet,  ij\Aji\  J\^\.  Yice-admiral, 
JI^Hl  4^^U.  Admiralty,  ijiai 
iijj^\.  Court  of  Admiralty,  uiist* 
^j^\.  The  Lords  Commissioners  of 
the  Admiralty,  the  Board  of  Admiralty, 
ilj:^\  ^jJjB^.  The  First  Lord  of  the 
Admiralty,4lK^\^U  tunindbakriffah. 

Admiration,  w.^-^^  ^afb,  c^^^r**^  ta^jjub. 

Admire,  v.  (wonder  at),  c^^^y*^  ta^'ah, 
%^jtJ\  uiayhrah,  j^\  i^tabar;  (to 
loTe),  Jh^  ^mA^J^* 


Admirer,  «•  ^.^ig*^  mut^ib ;  (a 
lover),  Jm*Ic  ^d«Ai2fc,  1^.^^-^  niNAti&i^. 
Beloved,  j^MA/t  ifui^iAiiib(fem.4ijMjb<« 
ma^jAdia^). 

Admiringly,  L,»^.y*^  ba^ab. 

Admiaaible,  J^f  ^Ji)  /<lytifc  alJMul, 
^\>4\  (.^.^t^-t^  tcr^/f}  dlffdbai. 

Admissibility,  4Jj«aJ1  ^^J  t9tf;Ct3  m/ 
makhnlijfah. 

Admission  (entrance),  J^O  dukhul, 
J^J^  madkhal  (pi.  J^l  Jl«  madd- 
khal) ;  (granting),  iU-1  tjabat,  J^ 
ibf^fi/,  L?^  ruts. 

Admit,  V,  (give  entranoe),  ^JiZ. j  dakh- 
khal;  (to  allow),  J^  kMl. 

Admitable,  J^^a^  tnakbul,  l^-^c^I* 
Jy^- jJl  wdjibul  dukhal. 

Admittance,  JU^Jl  idkhal.  No  admit- 
tance, -j4i.M><^ ^UL«!\  t j^  J^ jj\ 

^.  To  gain  admittance,  J^mJu  ,j£^J. 
To  refuse  admittance,  J^jJI  «^. 

To  grant  admittance,  J^jJb  ^jf. 
Admixture,  «.  kJx^  iakhlit,  \As^  khaU, 
^uLJb^  mai&A/a%aA, 

Admonish,  v.  f'^  nasah,  <LJ  na^iaA,  li£^ 

wa^,  0  my  mistress,  I  was  not  born  with 
only  one  eye.  I  hare  a  rery  wonderfiil 
story,  whicli,  if  written,  woald  serve  as  a 
lesson  to  him  who  wonld   be  admonished, 


^\  ^  l^  c^li! 

Admonisher,  «.  ^\}  ndsih, 

Admonishing,admonition,  Jc^Uu  nasthat, 

l^>^  ianblh. 
Ado,  «.  c-^yaJl  iitirdb.    To  make  an 

ado,  ^^Jkl^\  ittarab. 
Adolescence,  L^  mM,  Lj  ^^  ihub€ibiat. 
Adolescent,  adj.  c«>l^  «Ad&. 
Adopt,  V.  yJmB^  iahassan,  j\s^\  tkhtdr. 

To  adopt  a  son,  ^jJj  tabanna\ 


ADV 


(478) 


ADY 


Adoption,  ^^  tahama. 

Adorable,   ^  Ssf^  yusfad  lahu^   Juu 

yu^ad;  (loyelj),  Jh^*^  ffUfjhak. 
Adoration,  ijU  ^tbddat,  0^  sujud. 

A  place  of  adoration,  Jut^  ma^ad. 

At  the  sight  of  W  I  prostrated  wjmi  in 
adoration  of  her  Creator;  for  the  fairness 
and  beauty  which  He  had  displayed  in  her 
person ;  and,  lo<dung  towards  me,  she 
said,  Who  art  thou  t — a  man  or  a  Jenne6  P 

^\  CLjJaJ  JUJ^j  ^j**^\  ^^  Iffi 

Adore,  v.  jjst^  sqfad,  Jw%fi  ^dbd. 
Adorer,  «•  Jv>>L>  adjid,  JoU  ^dhid.    An 
adorer  of  the  sun,  ^j^^tuW  jU^  ^Mdd 
oihshams.  Adorer8offire,^/Mjjr^ifU2fa«« 

mm 

Adorn,  V.  ^J  wyyan. 

Adorned,  ^J^  fnmayyan. 

Adorning,  pari.  pres.  ^  U«  mtaayyin. 

Adornment,  «•  ^Jj  totyln. 

Ad  referendum  (Lat),  adio,  A^U&Jtt  Jj^l 
^t«X«xJllj  /»Vi;7  vi  wti^ldm  wal  iitHdn. 
Adrift,  M^U  ^dym.     See  Floating. 

Adroit,  adf,jJb\^  mdhir. 
Adroitly,  adv,  ALas:^,  hihllah. 
Adroitness,  isj*^  ma^fah,  ^J^^^^*-  hllah, 

AdscititiooB,    o^f*.   ^jfi-   ^aradl,   Jm|j 

Adatiiction,  ^^^dJ  kahd. 

Ad  valorem  (Lat),  luTv.  u^'^r^y  ,^^lc 

ij^l  ^o/a'  mawfib  Maman. 
Advance,  9.  (go  forward)  i^oaj  tdkaddam. 

To  advance  money,  ^1^ J  <^Lt  M1S0/ 

dardhm.    To  advance  in  years,  i^iXAj 

^^li.  The  Sheykh  therefore  advanced 
to  those  looks,  and  he  opened  them  by  his  know- 
ledge and  coorage  andgreat  skill,  ajSgj 


Advance,  advancement,  ^  J^  taiaddumy 
\Sjj\  vrtikdf  ^Ji  taraiki ;  (increase), 

mm 

jrjbj  ziyddah,  «>l;«>;\  ndiydd,  i^^^m 
mdbdb*  [tiddm  M^mr. 

Advanced  in  jeen,j04ji\)  /^JJex^,  mttto 

damatiuljayuh. 
Advantage  (profit),  i^Jkjli  fd/ydai^  ^j 

naf^    hdi^    manfi^    (pi.     ^U^ 
mundfi^ ;  (opportunity),  ^J  Jurtat. 
Advantage,  v,  JUI  (/a<?,  ^a3  nafa^   To 
reap   an    advantage,    wbjl   intafa^^ 
jUimiI  istafdd.      To  have  the  advan- 
tage, k.;J^  ghaUhfJ^  Mfar. 
Advantageous,  JuiU  «ii{/tJ,  ^U  <*4^^- 
Advantageously,  ?JjU  Jij  bikoifdydat, 

ifd:^  Jil>  &t%o^  tnanfa^. 
Advantageonaness,  9.  ijS\ifitydat, 

manfa^. 
Advent,  ^^Uum*!^  l5^  ^"^  ^  "^^"^ 
Adventitious,  luff.  ^UJ)  fl^<»)ftei^l, 

^aradl. 

Adventure,  $.  (accident),  ^jOj\^  ^ridy 

Ja^  khaiar.  [t0$adda\ 

Adventure,   tr.  j^\sfr  iafdiory    ij*^^ 

Adventurer,    $,    s^/H^    mt^'tari;    (a 

merchant),  jP^\j  tdj'ir ;  (a  vagabond), 

^lijl  awhdih;   (a  traveller),  ^L*^ 

Adverb,  «.  uJ^  narf,  i^Jei\  ^  ism 
Adverbial,  adf.  ^jo  ta/rfi. 

Adverbially,  adc.  jV/^'  ^j^V* 
Adversary,  9.  jJlc  ^aiAier  (fem.  fjj^ 
^nwat,  pi.  Ij^t  n^A!  and  ^/oUt 
a^Sift).  A  mortal  adversary,  jJlc 
Ls..vy4>^  ^lu^ft  mumtt.  To  be  an  adver- 
sary, i^<i>^  ^ddi^.  To  cite  adver> 
saiies  before  a  jadge,  Umup)  ,Ji>A 
ahdar  al  kkuaamd. 


ADV 


(479) 


APF 


Adyene,  t^U::^  nnMOltf,  wUe^  imm* 
khdi%m,j)\M  mugh&yir*  Advene  acci- 
dents, u^^y  nawM. 

AdTenely,  adv.  ^U^l^  t/J^U  M 
^akii  wal  mvJthdhfah, 

Advenenees,  iL^  iikat. 

Adversity,  i^\L^  thakdwat,  y*^  naki, 
JLmo^  mufihat,  if  Jlmi  ihiddat. 

Advert,  v.  ^^  ^^J^  athHru  iU  ihyin. 

Advertise,  r.  ^^i  ashhar,jf^  ihdblar, 
JlcI  a^m. 

Advertisement  (notice),  ^^  khabor  (pi. 

Advertiser,  b.  Is^  tnukkkhahhtr,  j^^^ 

Advice  (counsel),  Iaa«^  imiAii^,  4^fj 
r&f,  )ac^  wa^Zy  ^JJ  taMrf  ijyu^ 

mMhwarat.    Good  advice,  u^U  k^\j 

rdy  8dkib.     Bad  advice,    xJj  i^\j 

rdyfdM,  To  give  advice,  ^  nasah. 

To  ask  advice,    ijy^J^   i^AVf  ialah 

moBhwartU.     Good  news,  or  advices, 

^luuj  luhdrat.  To  send  advice,  fj>^j\ 

y^  artal  hhdbar.  [iJ^  ^aiUt. 

Advisable,  J^jI  ^yt^,    i^-'^l^   t^a;t}, 

Advisability,  #.  Zi^miL^  mtmd«a&i>A. 

Advisablenesff,  «.  I^^il:^  muftdM^aA. 

Advise,   v.    ^    nasah,  j^   Jchabhary 

yiJ  dabhar. 

Advise,  v,  n.  j\jj*i^\  istashdr. 
Advised,  j^  ^Uc^  tna^  hhabar.     Ad- 
vised  (prudent),  ^  JJ  c,>^''>"lig  #dAt} 

^oiMr.      Well-advised,    JiU   ^diUZ. 
Ill-advised,  ^JcJf  aJ[4X£  ^adimuttad^ 

lUr*  Be  advised  by  me,  ^^>a3  w4i«iU 
Advisedly,  oip.^^Cbll  Juu  ^a^i^  al  tafak- 

kur,  \juaS  kasdan. 
AdvisednesSy^Jj  foi^fr. 


Adviser,  t.  ^U  ndM, 

Adulation  (flattery),  jJUJ  tamalhik. 

Adulator,  t.  (jLi^  mumaUtk. 

Adulatory,  JhU^  mumdttik. 

Adult,  jJIj  ^<:/i^A. 

Adultness,  ^^  hdughiyat. 

Adulter,  r.  (or  commit  adultery),  ^j 

sono',  ^jMiifoMk. 
Adulterate,  v.  (jl£  ^^A,  Jij  tagJud* 
Adulterated,  ^yi*x^  mag^%hii$ky  j^y% 

muaawar. 
Adulteration,  JLjfa$dd, 
Adulterer,  «.  ijfj  sdnf ,  JUjU  /dftil. 

Adulteress,  i.  ^\j  %dmat 

Adultery,  Uj  wind,  ^J^J  fi$k»  To  com- 
mit adultery,  UjJt  ^AuL  c^ ^Jyl, 
trAitai  AA4i%a/  ossiiid. 

Adumbrate,  #.  (shade),  Jii?  sa2M;  (to 
sketch),  w;  fWMim. 

Advocacy^  «.  (is\kj^  $haf&^. 

Advocate,  «.  J^  wakll,  \^Si\  J«^, 
^Lm«  mubdikir,  ^jL&  lAo/t^.  Judge- 
Advocate  ^duA^  L5*^^  ^^  «l«^ 
tA«^^.  To  advocate,  ^iuJ  Uuhaffa^. 

Advocateship,  ^U^  ihafd^ai. 

Advocating,  i^r^^  -^ir^  l5**^'  <um^ 

bitarruflj  mtuilahah. 
Aerial,  ^y^  hawdl.         [j^ilmalhawd. 
Aerology  (science  of  the  air),  \^\  Ae, 

Aerometry  (measuring  the  air),  (jmIJ 

\^\  kiyiUalhawd. 
JBthiopia,  (jiu^l  SL  baidd  al  haboih. 
Ethiopian,  «.  ^<mm>»  habathl,  ^Jit^f^- 

habaah. 
Afar,  JuiU  Sa^fi. 
AfEability,  affableness,  t^Jls!  ItUf. 
Afhble,  cBjVil  /a^l/. 
Affiibly,  f^oVrlt  3t7tf^/. 
I  Afidfi  «.  ^1   amr,  ig^\^  hdjat,   ^ 


AFF 


(480) 


AFF 


^amal,  J«^  shugU.  Minister,  Secre- 
tary for  Foreign  AfbirSy  jy9i\  )o\j 
iUf»^UiM  nasaral  amOr  id  khdrifiyah. 
AfEecty  V.  to  afliect  disdain  (to  play  the 
coquet  or  pnide)y^^\  ashar ;  (to  move 
tenderly),  i^JLjuI  in^ataf;  (to  imitnte 
unnatorally),  jIj  iaUad.  To  affect 
with  joy,  -.y  farah.     To  produce  an 

effect,  J  f  assar.  The  old  woman  began 

to  affect  ignorance  to  her,  and  proceeded  to 
diTert  her  with  talk,  until  they  both  approached 
the  place  where  Taj  el  Maluk  was  concealed, 

l^  UJj  Ific  Jjb\jsXi  jysf^\  tl^U^ 

Affectation,  affectedneas,  jJlSJ  taklid. 

Affected  (tenderly  moYed),  i^Ja^a^  mut- 
tarih,  (JjJc^  munfa^il,jJiL^  tnukaddar, 
y\s^  mutaasir,  ^^»a>^  mamnUn^ JX/**^ 
ma9riJLry)o^iis^  mahsOM.  Well-affected, 
(jl*i^'  Ill-affected,  ^lfik^^«V£  ^oia 
khdyin. 

Affectedly,  adv,  ^.Vtrf;)  hi  toionnu^ 

Affectedness,  ^^oTf  tasannu^. 

Affecting,  yj^  muamryj^a^  miohir* 

Affectingly,  adv,  ^X^  i^^.  ^  wajkin 
mubakki. 

Affection  (love),  Jhmx  ^hk,  itiy  ma- 
ioaddat,  Z^sr^  mahabhat.  Mutual  affec- 

Affectionate,  J^J^  wadud. 

Affectionately,  il  J^  J^  bicol  muwaddat. 
Affiance,   i,j\i<    khithat;    (confidence), 

jUifl  i^timdd,  JULil  ittihdl 
Affiance,  v.  ^^^Vis^  khatah,     (To  give 

confidence),  sms.\  t^tamad. 
Affidavit,  9.  ^  S-^r^  ^^J  jij^ 

^Ji^^  takrlr  ratml  himawjib  kaatam  wa 

pamln.    To  make  an  affidavit,  ama&j  j^ 
'^*-  karrar  hikaaamn  wa  yamln. 


Affinity,  ii\J  kardhai. 

Affirm,  v.j^  karrar. 

Affirmable,  jUll  ^Jjli* 

Affirmant,  «.  (affinner),  ^^^^  nhikarrir. 

Affirmation,  iJL^lJt  uhdtfj\ji\  ikrdr. 

Affirmative,  i^^^ji^  ikrdri. 

Affirmatively,  j]ji^  b%  ikrdr. 

Affix,  r.  ^j^A  laaak. 

Affiict,  «.  *-e  ffham,  ^oj-^  haaan.   And 

were  it  not  for  the  fitct  of  thy  haying  brooght 
me  up  (reared  me),  I  wonld  lay  yiolent  hands 
upon  tnee  this  moment  God  has  afflicted 
me  hj  this  merchant,  and  all  that  I  hare 
expenenced  from  him  was  done  on  thy  ac- 
count and  by  thy  instrumentality,  )^ 


C^\j  Ci-^  ^  ^  Al^  ^  4,;^  U 

Afflicted,  ^^}^)^^  makxan,  j«aC«  mrnkkad- 

dor.    To  be  afflicted,  ^y>-  hizin.  Then 

he  uttered  a  loud  cry,  and  said,  Oh,  my 
regret!  Oh,  my  disappointment!  He  was 
much  afflicted,  and  struck  his  hands  together, 
and  said,  Oh,  my  grief!    What  is  this  affair  P 


jUUjJb 


sS^^ 


1  *lJ.-^l 


Affliction,  afflictedness,  ^j>^  Atfsn,  ^ 

gham.  I  saw  a  door,  and  I  entered  it,  and 
beheld  a  palace,  stronglv  and  beautifully  con- 
structed, where  I  found  a  lad?,-  like  a  pearl 
of  great  price,  whose  asjiect  banished  from 
the  heart  all  anxiety,  grief,  and  afflictions, 


* .  — 


\   J  Jl^ 


Afflictive,  fo}^^  mtfAstn,  j  jjL«  mukaddir. 
Affluence,  affluency,   affluentnees,  ^^:^ 

ghana\  JU  ma/,  J^^^  amwdl. 
Affluent,  ^J>x^  ghanlf  Ji\%  vodfir^  \j^}^ 

/agid,j^  kasir ;  {lowing),  i^j^^-Jdrt. 
Afford,  r.  i— ^»<  tc^oAai. 


AFT 


(481) 


AGE 


AJfbrdedy  im^^y  mawhuh, 
Afbrder,  v.--^^^  ^o&hib. 
Affirancbiae,  v»  a.  ^Js^  ^iaia^ 
Affranchiaementy  fjs^  ^k, 
Aftnj,  9.  f^ye^  hujUrn, 

Affineighty  v.  a.  i^^^j^  JjV!  Idwalmarldb. 
Affiighty  V.  L^y>^  khaunoafj  s^^wahham. 

Affright,  affirightment,  Jjb  Kawl^  4^^ 

khawf,  Sm^j  Ta^. 
Affrighted,  terrified,  ^^j^  mar^b. 
Affiightfbl,  frightful,  terrible,  i.-^^i^ 

tnur^ib. 
Affiant,  «.  iJsL^  (joii,  nahhoia  Hhdkhihu 
Affiont,  «.  ^JaC^LcAj  nakidn  hahaki, 

\ji3\  iJHrd. 
Affronter,  «.  ^J^  muftarf. 
Ai&onfingly,  \j:i\  Jij  hicol  iftird. 

Affose,  V.  i— ..Cy  »akab. 

■ 

AffbrioD,  «•  K^mnfl  iob,  c-^Li^t  imibdhm 
Afloat,  wU  ^dim* 

Afoot,  ^^U  indfAf. 

Afore,  01^.  UjLi  tdUlan,  12  L>  idlifan, 
t«JkL«  mtfibaJcfoman.  Aforementioned, 
aforenamed,  aforesaid,  i^jJ!  v^Li 
$dliful%ikr,  »jiS  i*J^f  almukaddam 

ukrahu.     As  aforesaid,  ^Ij  ^iXa7  U^ 

ibf»d  tdkaddam  haydndku.  Afore- 
thoaght,  adj.  ,^*^a^  ^madl,  (^Ju^ 
hi$dl.  Aforetime,  adv.  UiLs  sdhikany 
Uj  Jj  kadiman,  {^^^"^^^j^^  (»ilLi  ^ 
/t  «d^/  tJ  ^0»r  todldtodn. 
Afraid,  t^U^  i^%i/.    To  be  afraid, 

Afinesh,  «\|J^  ^  minjadad. 

Afront,  (Jilfi^  mahahd. 

After,  Jju  ia^J.  After  this,  VdJb  St0 
3tf^J  ^tfsd.  After  which,  Uvl.^ 
ghahhmd,  Ujuu  ha^md.  After  to- 
day, |*jjl«iju  ha^lyawm.  After  salu- 


tations, after  compliments,  aUSIjuu. 
After  death,  CJ^^\  Juu  ^a^iio/  moir^. 

After  all,  ^J^  J^  Juu  5a^i^  ib/  %hy. 

Then  he  sent  gaards  and  spies  after  him, 
through  the  sea  and  in  other  directions,  bat 
they  met  with  no  tidings  of  him ;  wherefore 
they  retnmed  and  infonned  the  king  thereof, 

LT^  W!^  u;^*^  ^LiU  ^i^  ^\  ^ 

il^Aj  LL^l  IjjLfi^j  W>/-^ 
After-birth,  <i4jA>.><  mitf Aima^. 
Afternoon,  yjjy  1  Juu . 
After  to-morrow,  J^Juo  ha^daghadin. 
Afterward,  afterwards,  '^^  minha^; 

Juutv^  flmdha^,   LtJuu    ha^md, 

Afterwardsi  he  gave  orders  to  bring  tables 
of  the  richest  Tiands,  comprising  dishes 
of  eTer^r  kind,  and  the  king  ate,  and  pat 
morsels  into  her  month  until  sue  was  satisfied, 

—      .        ^^^   X^*^ 

Again,   LJjI  tfyc^n.     Again  and  again, 

ij^  Juu  ^  marratan  ha^u  marrah* 

She  looked  at  him  again  and  a^in,  and  was 
not  satisfied  with  contemplating  his  face: 
nay,  her  love  for  him 'increased  exceedingly, 

Against,  ^^^  ^ala';  (contrary),  uJlL>- 

m 

MtTcZ^,  Ju0  (^'(7(^.  Against  or  upon 
him,  or  it,  Jule  ^alayhi.  Against  law, 


9j^\  t^Jli^^   Against  treaty,  peace, 
oragreement,  ^*^i  cJlUr^  J*^\j)\x^ 

«\fil^  uJifw.  .  Over  against,  JjU.^ 
mukdhQ* 
Agate,  «.  (JUj  Jh^ai:  ^klk  yamdnl. 

Age,  ^  ^omTy  ^  «fiin.     The  infant 

age,  i^iy^  tufnUyat.    The  stripling 

age,  ^^  hdnghiyat.    The  youthful 

age,  (^^Lwl  %hdbdb.  Old  age,  <;fiw^fi^ 

•  31         ' 


A6I 


(482) 


AGB 


ihayhkahhat,  A  man  a  hundred  yean 
of  age,  h^  XjU  hji  i^j»  Of  the 
same  BgBtji'  t^jifard  ^umr.  An  age, 
^t«|  lamdn,  Ji^  ^aM,Jbti  dahr.  In 
the  age  of  Haron, ^J^  *H^l^  fi^ahd 
JSdrHn.  Through  all  ages  (for  eyer), 
^jljJb  \S^\ybJ  ^\  M  dahr  sddahi^n. 

Thej  grew  up  to  the  age  of  WTenteeii,  always 
in  eaen  others  company,  eating  and  drinking 
together,  and  neTer  sepoiated  one  from  another. 

Aged,  adf,  ^^y*^  musin,  ^U::^!  tkhtiy&r. 
Agency,  ZJl^^  waidlai,  ^lLms^  vaAlat, 

Za^]^  wdsitat,  Z«Jls>.  hhidmat. 
Agent,  «.  J^^  waikUf  Jifili  /<S^t7,  J^L 

Agglomerate,  v,  n.  a^UJ  ^S^ama ;  v.  a. 
Agglomerated,  adf,  9y^>^  rnajmn^. 
Agglomeration,  ^a^  jami^ 

Aggrandize,  ^^  J^  kahhar. 
Aggrandizement,  JUtar-  ^mmat. 
Aggravate,  v.  Jai  sakkaL 
Aggravation,  ^diu  saklat. 
Aggregate,  fy*^  mfl/ma^. 
Aggregate,  v.  ^^aj>- jamai,^ 
Aggregation,  aggregate,  ^lLi^  jutnlat, 

Aggress,  v.  (assault),  |«ix  t^«3uu  ta^addc? 

Aggression,  i^J^  ^a^tM^f. 
Aggressive,  adj.  i^,^mj  ,ta^«ddl. 
Aggressor,  a,  ^Jjcl^  mut^addl. 
Aggrieve,  r.  0.  Ji?  salam. 


Aggrieved,  adj.  /^j^ia^  mad^m. 
Agility,  Isij^  iur^,  ils^  ^aJalaL 
Agile,  Jsj-lfi  i&jU. 
Agitate,  r.  cJ  t^^  harrdk. 


Agitation,  Z.^^iUraibi<;  (perturhation), 
^^|^k.^tM«r£i;  (deliberation),  ijyL^ 

miuhwaraifj^tyj  iaikfir^  ^  fihr^  ij\j 

rayy.    He  oonid  not  rest  nor  he  patient,  and 
he  ceased  not  to  soffer  agitation  of  mind  and 

twiwport,unta  the  night  came,  jS/i  jJ, 

Agitated,    (.;j^kj^    muttarib,    J«i:>.>» 
mtiii/a^f7.     To  be  agitated,  c^-^^L^f 


ittarah.  The  idand  had  moved  and  descended 
to  the  bottom  of  the  sea,  with  aU  that  were 
npon  it,and  the  roaring  sea,agitated  with  waTes, 

dosed  over  it,  ^jij^^  CS^^^z^jS^di^ 


Agitator,  «.  cJ^^s^  wuAorrA. 
Aglet,  f .  (thin  plate),  aCj  ^ofkuhi. 
Agnation  (relationship  by  the  father), 

(^Vi  ^  h\^  kardhat  m$n  aldh. 
Agnus  Castus  (tree),  jV|j\  X^4S  ^6  xu 

khamsat  awrdk. 
Ago  (past),    UjLa  idhikan.     Long  ago, 

JJ  ^  mm  ^^/,  JJ  kabl,  jLS  kahlam. 
Agonist,  agonistes  (prize  fighter),  ^^ 

paMatodn* 
Agonize,  v.  c  jU  ndM^, 
Agony,   cj^l  JU-  ^d/  aiifkisd^.     The 

agony  of  death,  CL;yJ1  c^l^  ^oib^d/ 

al  mawt,  To  be  in  the  agony  of  death, 

•f;l3  ndsta^ 

Agrarian  laws,>t.  pL  ^joar  ^Ji  f-SU^ 
cJLtJI  ^4mJ  SlyLu^  fAordt^  ibKitiiMA 
,takhu9  masdtodt  khumuitvl  amldlL 

Agree,  r.  ^^j  ra<?J,  ^jiJl  ittafak. 

Agreeable,  <^.>^>rfl;^  mii9id«t3,  J^«La«Mib- 
^6^,  ^\y9  muwdjlk.  To  be  agreeable 
(suited  to),  k....^U  fid#ad. 


AIL 


(483) 


ALA 


Agreeableness,  «.  J[iiy  hUa/ah. 
Agreeably,  Jyj  JJj  MM  JMlkl 
Agreed,  J^fft^  ma^Afi^,  C?*  V«  «»««^4M, 
Jljlkn  mtitahik.     Agreed  upon,  jitj 

To  be  agreed,  j\^]ji  hardkirdr.  To 
be  agreed  npon,  ^  ^MuiS  jij  troib^ 
dlittifdh  fala\  Agreed !  Ijo-  u-wL^ 
munOnb  jiddan. 
Agreement,  j\sS\  Mifdi,  jUrl  iWAae?, 
if.AJbU^  mn^hadat,  SiSj\^  muwO/lhU, 
\pjJi>    short ;     (resemblance),     ^  iA^ 

Agricultural,  ddj.  d^M\  ^joaCyalhui  ul 
Agriculture,  le\jj  xard^ai,  i:>-li  faldhat. 
Aground,  {jOji\    Ic  ^ala  lard. 
Ague,  9.  A  tertian  ague,  ^dd^  15^ 
humma*  musaallasah.    A  quartan  ague, 
^^  LS**^  ^i»i«ia'  m«ra^0^aA.   The 
cold  or  trembling  fit  of  an  ague,  ^  jJl 
aihardiif(U, 
Ah !  ill  ah. 

Aid,  JX«  0uii<aJ,  ^JlcLm^  masd^adah. 
^ys-  ^icn,  iUl  f^dna^.  By  the 
divine  aid,  vJU^I^^^b  hit  mwr  ar- 

Aid,  V.  ^Ul  tf^dff,  iXcLi  «d^a^.     And  we 

eet  nil  by  the  permiflsion  of  God,  whoee  name 
be  exalted !  rortane  aerved  lu,  and  destiny 
aided  qb,  and  we  ceased  not  to  proeecute  our 

Toyage  until  we  arrived  in  safety,  l3J  L»^ 

Aider, «.  ^XaLm^  musd^,  u^^  mucdwin. 
Ail,  V,  a.  ^^j  wqija^. 
Ailing,  adj.  9^y  mawfn^ 
Ailing,  i,  ^^3  ^^^^ 
Ailment,  ^^^  wafait  J\  ohm. 


Ailments,  ^^i  amrdd. 

Aim  (design),  Lj  nUU,  Xai  ha^d,  j!^ 
murdd,  ^Je.  ^imwi,  ^jOjA  gharad  JuoL* 
maksad,  J^aL^  maksHd.  To  take  aim, 
^w  «kfiLt  akhaza  nishdn. 

Aim,  f;.  j^  koMod,    Then  he  proceeded 

to  meditate  upon  her  case,  and  said  within 
himself  I  will  rise  and  lay  hold  npon  her, 
and  ask  her  respecting  her  state^  and  if  this 
be  she,  I  will  demand  her  in  marriage  of 
herself.    This  is  the  thing  I  seek,  and  which 

constitutes  my  aim,  \yjc^j\^  ij\  J 
Jli  ^  v^U  Ji  l^U.  ^  \4\jy 

Aimed,  J^«d£^  mahsud. 
Aiming,  ptMri,  a^U  it5«te?. 

Aimless,  o^r'.  ^Ull  ^  ^aUlfddl. 
Air,  lyh  ^au7d.  The  element  of  air, 
W^/*^*^-  An  air  (in  music),  UJu 
naghmat,  ^  lahn.  Airs,  tl^Uu 
naghmdt,  Jlfil  <y^«I.  To  give  one- 
self  airs,  to  put  on  airs,  ^  takabhara. 
In  the  open  air,  UnJI  cu>oc^  tahtui^ 
samd.  A  change  of  air  \y^\j^  taghi- 
i-rtd  hawd.  Poul  air  Jlw  J^mJ^  La 
A«wtf  mafiikd  kattdl  Air  (mien),^,lai^ 
mansor,  ^^  teafah. 

Air,  V.  (to  expose  to  the  air)  ti[ib  haunoa^ ; 
(expose  to  the  sun),  ^^JLi  shammas. 
To  take  the  air,  |^1  jU»  <Aam  «/^M?d, 

Air-hole,  «.  ^^«ii^  manfas. 

Airy,  ^]^^  hawd'i. 

Akin,  «<&•.  c-^y  foH«,  <ul^  «if«^J3tA. 

Alabaster,  ^^1  ^^^^  marmar  ahyad. 
And  in  the  midst  (of  the  hall)  was  a  great 
foimtain  of  alabaster,  oyer  which  was  a  tent 
of  brocade.  In  those  ohamben  were  different 
places,  and  in  each  of  those  places  were  foun- 
tains and  tanks  decorated  and  lined  with  marble, 
and  channels  of  water  flowed  along  the  flooiv 


ALE 


(484) 


ALL 


of  tboee  diambere,  «L>L»Mi  I  f  n»Tj  ^j 

Alacrity,  J^*  *A<Hri,  tluJ  iMwAfi^ 
Alarm  (frigbt,  Burprifle),  uJ^  Woiff/'. 

A  false  alarm,  ^  J-^f )  uJ^  thmfld 

oilalahUm 
Alarmed,  adj.  uJ!l^  hh&ylf. 
Alarming,  adj.  i— a-i^  mM^M/". 
Alarmingly,  adv.  \^r^j^  i^ji  ^fiwajhin 

tnur^h. 
Alarmist,  ia^  jL:SA  j^  uT*  *^^ 


yuihayyi^  akhbdr  tnukhifah. 
Alasl  s\  dh.  \}^faJsat. 

Albeit,  \jJb  ^  ma^  hasM,  ^  lakin, 
Albugo,  $.  (disease  in  the  eye),  ^^^u^  W 

Album,  f.  d£yucr*  m<i;fniZ^0A. 
Alcaid,  ».  (governor),  j5l5H.  [^»ra. 

Alcairo  (capital  of  Egypt),  ifjb\^\  AlU- 
Alchemist,  ».  C«-^  J^fc^  mu^dlm  klmld. 
Alchemy,  ^:y«^^  alkimid. 
Alcohol,  «.  ^j[^  roh 

Alcoholic,  adf\  \^3J  ^^^' 
Alcoholization,  «.  ^j  ^Ju\j»^  tasytr 

ashshy  rohan. 
Alcoholize,  ^^j  dl«>-^  ahdlahu  rohan. 

Alcoholometer,   s.   ^jj^\  U^j^   mlMdn 

uldrwdh. 
Alcoran,  (^J/5^  Alkurdn. 
Alcoye,  «.  ^  kohhe. 
Alembic,  ».  fj^\  anhik. 

Alength,  J^i^V  *»?^*^- 
Aleppo,  v_  ^r-  JETaldb. 
Alert,  la^..;r..^<i^  mustaykh ;  (active,  vigi- 
lant), ^Li  j^Air* 


Alertness,  2f\fij\  ifUtbdh. 
Alexander,  J  J^iCrf^  hkandar.        [daria. 
Alexandria  (in  Egypt),  44^*Xi^\  Idum- 
Alexandretta  (Scanderoon),  ^j^^'*  ^**^ 

Itkandsrun.  [  J  V  ^^• 

Alexipharmic  or  Alexiteric,  «.  (antidote) 
Algebra,  <djUJ\^j-J<  alfabr  wdl  mukd- 

haJah. 
Alias.    See  Otherwise. 
Alien,  «.  l^.^jC'  ghdrih,  • 
Alienate,  v.  (property),  J^  hawwei. 
AUenable,  J^l^liS  ^^^Ujj  Al >=^cAi 

yami^m  toAu^iiiAtf  tra  tamuUukkaku  lagh- 

airahhad. 
Alienation,  S^\^  hmcdlah.      [matih^l 
Alight,  adv.  j^  munaujwar,  J^*^-* 
Alight,  V.  J;3  ««5^.     To  alight  from  a 

horse,  ^;\-aJ\  ^^  J^. 
Alike,  Jl^  mwd,  J^^  mu^dda,  j^ 

naslr,  JSU^  murndsil,  [kai. 

Aliment,  aW?  ta^m,  \^  ghadd,  Cl^y 
Alimentary,  «.£*^-a^  mtdi^.  C^^ 

Alimentation,  «.  ^JJiJ  takdiyah,  lzj^ 
AHmony,  %.  iSij  nafakah.  [hdyin. 

Aliquant,  adf.  ^^V=-^  *^^  ^adad  muta- 
Aliquot,  adj.  Jd^\Si^  J*Xc  ^<wW  muta- 

ddkhil. 
Alive,  ^V-  Ay*,  »^^  muhtahif,  j^y*^ 

ma^rur.     "While  alive,  Uj---J»  ^vS  U. 
Zflmfwfi  kdn    tayyih,    J^*^V   u^  ^ 
lammd  kdn  hi  hayah.    More  dead  thas 
alive,  \z^^^  kdlmayyit. 
Alkali,  ^li-1^  u<A«a». 

All,  J^  koh  t--*Jr  y«»»Jt '  (^^^'y  ^^^^' 
t^\  J^  ib/  flAAoJ.  Before  all  thingB, 
^  J^  JJ  AaW  kol  shy.  Complete 
in  all,  JaL*  mukammal.  All  together, 
^U--4n5»-  jaml^n.  In  all,  among  all 
id^l  J  filjunUah,  ^V  Wfc«tfi«iL 


ALL 


(485) 


AIM 


All  at  once,  is^\^  ^J  daf^tan 
wdhidatan.  All  along,  A^\  ^J^ 
^W  addmo&m.  On  all  sides,  ^ 
u^l>-  J^mtn  Mjdnib. 

Allay,  9.  ^^^  9akkany  t^JJb  hadtU^. 

AJilBgationyjijSj  takrir,  t}\j)\  irdd. 

Allege, «.  t}jj\  awrad, 

Allegeable,  ^J3!^  i.^^^tj  ufdjihattdhf^r^ 

Allegiance,    Z«l£:Uii1    Mik&matf    ^^^jLj 
All^orical,  iAJHz^  mutoMUh^  ^J^^ 

mafd%l,  i^j^j  rmnsf  • 
Allegorically,    Ijl^  ffutfd%an. 
Allegory,  «.  J:^2^  ^ojtmT/,  Jll^  nuudi, 

Allegorize,  «.  J2^  inomo/,  J/^  ranuua. 
Allelnjah,  ^^Uj^  haJMuffoh. 
AJl-embracing,  adf.  j;ik«  W^^  m«Af  ^ 
mtf^JoiS.  [yir  dl  hul. 

All-enligbtening,  adf.  J^l  j^^i^  munay- 

AUeviate,  r.  uJasL  Uaffaf.  \}%yai* 

Alleyiation,  <— flg.ftac^  iakhfiff  XJuuJ  ^m- 
Allfoors-day,  i.  ^l^.^^  J^!  atrtra/nlfdn* 

All-forgiying,  <k{p'.  Llks^\  lK/^^  ^^o/^* 

All-glorioQS,  ^jilx«  JudzT*  I9k2ft[i  mutlak. 
All-gracioQs,  adj.  ^bUUI  ^^^^^  ^omlm 

AU-gniding,  oe^'.  ,^y*^  dJsj/9  murshid 
Alliance  (of  states),  jlij\  tUtfak,  J^e. 

^ahd,   ifjUbU^   mu^dhadat;    (consan- 

goinity),  l}\Ji  kardhai. 

Alligator,  $,  ^ji^\  ^\ma3  tmidh  ameried. 

Allocotion,  c^lLsL  khitdh. 

Allodial,  J&Um^  muttakiU. 

Allot,  V.  ^^^aiasp-hatias,  mm3  kassam.  Then 
:  the  man,  hettiid  to  him,  0  Sheykh, 


wfarnt  is  thine  oocapation  P  0  my  master,  an- 
swered the  old  man,  I  am  afishennan,  and  haye 
a  family  to  maintain ;  and  I  went  forth  from 
my  house  at  noon,  and  hare  remained  until 


now,  bat  God  hatiii  allotted  me  nothiuff  where' 
with  to  obtain  food  for  my  honsehold ;  there- 
fore I  haTO  hated  myself  and  wished  for  death . 

ilfC  s^"^^^  ^7*^  ^^  ^^*\^^^  ^-'^*^ 

Allotment,  A*a»-  Mstai,  ^u^  ki$mat, 

Allow,  r.  (permit),  (^.r^s^  rakkas.     [«i/. 

Allowable,  Z^^Ol  c-«^)^  tr4;«}  orruM- 

Allowance,  La£^j  rukhsat,  ij\a^\  ifd%at; 
(portion),  XidL».  husat,  <Uy>*J  H«ma^; 
(gift),  (jtuJLfiT  doib^AuA;  (diminu- 
tion, abatement),  ^joaj  naki. 

Allowed  (lawful),  JjU^/Sywi, J  Lb4  mufdt, 
^^as>y^  murakhkhas. 

Alloy  (mixture),  kU^  khaU. 

Allude,  9.  ^ii^  kanna\ 

Allore,  «.  ^da^jauhf  \y\  aghwd. 

Allnrement,  alluringness,  ^-'«3^  yos^, 
1^\  ighwd,  L,y^jJ. 

Allorer,  s*  L^jls^/flsii^. 

Alluringly,  ^jU*-  J^  M^/  jdMat. 

Alloaion,    allnsiyeness,    £»L^   kandyat, 

AllosiTely,   lf*f^  toA^f^fi, 
Allavion,  j^\   1x1    ^   ^OjJ^  ^^j\ 


AU-wise,  adj.  ^  Jij  JU  a^Ct^-. 

All-worthy,  a<^'.  jU^JIl  ^  kuUl  al 

utihkdk. 
Ally,  9.  J^^  tTMoZ,  w4^yaintffr. 
Ally,  8.  (jio^  muUafik^  S^y  karib, 

Almagest,  <•  (Arabio)i  _kMus^l  alrna- 


ALE 


(486) 


ALU 


Almanac,  »,  a£^  takwim.     Almanacs, 

Almightiness,  «.  i^\  i^Jj  ktidrat  iXtahi- 

Almigbty,  «.  ^W  ^1  ^SbA  id^la\ 

See  God. 
Almond,  «.  Jj)  ^tc«»     An  almond-tree, 

j^  ijSf^  9hafarat  laum. 
Almond-oil,  8.j^\  ^J  dehn  elkm. 

Almoner,  «.  ^3^,aB^  muiamddii; 
Almonry, «.  cl:\jxA\j\j  ddr  asaadahSLt, 
Almost  (near>  nearly),    L»^  Uir^ihm^ 


Alms,   alms-deed,   £lju0   Mdaia,    i\^J 

mkat.  While  I  was  one  night  daring  the 
winter  paying  my  reepects  to  the  Ooyernor  of 
Alexandria,  when  he  had  hroqght  the  alms- 
money  to  be  distrihnted  to  the  indigent,  Io2 
there  entered  an  ill-eonditioned  old  man,  whom 
a  woman,  who  had  a  maacnline  appearaiKe,  was 

hauling  along,  a^U-  i\x&  \j\  U 


i^k-ft^ 


j|  ci^lSUll  ^^  ^  AJiJ  ci;U juJl 
JL«3^  i\j^\  iLxj  i^jis.  ;^  j£L43 

Alms-honse,  i^lS  JmJI  J^r^  imvAa//  m- 

MM^fi^lf.    See  Almonry. 
Alms-giver,  <•  jj^a:^  mutMoidtk. 
Aloes,  J^  ^Bd,j^  sahr. 
Aloft,  ^U  j^aft,  j-Jj  ra/t^. 

Alone,  J^AX^  mtmfarid,  t}ji:i^  nni$a/ar- 
rid. '  Let  alone  (imperative),  cJ  <fo^. 

Along   (at  fuB  lei^tli),  J^b  ^'/^te?. 

Along  with,  w«  hm^. 
Aloof,jjJitfilr,  J9U  ^^«if^  Ju9U  ia^d. 
Aloud,  ^U  < "  ^^^}  hi8mi;t  ^fiA. 

Alphabet,  U^l  ^jfj^  l^ntfdlhifi. 

Alphabetical,  ^LdPl  ^^^  ^^i^y  L^' 

Already,  jJi  i^.  I  have  Idlen  into  the 
snare  of  thy  love,  and  become  of  the  nnmher 
•of  thy  victims.  The  love  that  Ihon  hadst  is 
transKired  to  me,  and  there  remains  not  aught 
of  it  wilb  tbee,  save  as  much  as  the  tenfli  part 

of  what  I  have !  vli^  _i  ci^joj  jj « 


C/JlJLC  C=^l^  ^\  i^\  WiJjbl 

It  1^:1^  cl/jc^  l5^^^  S^"^  ci^Uj 

Also,   1<Jj1  fiydm^     And  I  saw  a  fish 

two  hnndred  cubits  long,  and  I  saw  also  a 
fish  whose  &ce  was  like  that  of  the  owl. 

^jj  tl^^  ^r^^  W>  ^^  ^l; 

f^yi\  ^j  js^  ^^-^J  ijUm)  uiii 

Altar,  8.    (pkoe   of   sacrifice),   t^s^ 

Alter,  €^.  je^  ghayyory  Jjj  i«i«^  Jj^ 
Alterable,  JjJu::^^  H^^b  ^*^^^^' 

jlib]l  JjlS  kdMM  iaghylr. 
Alterably,  J:»Ou:;!Ij  batabdU. 
Alterant,   altering  (who  alters),  jJt^ 

mughayyir.  {ji^  Ughfir- 

'Alteration,  Jj  JuJ  taibdil^  Zju  taghayyw, 
Altered,  j-Jt^  mughayyart  jJa^  muia- 

ghayyir.  [w^<rf. 

Altercation,  clji  Mosd^,  iji)L^  mund- 
Altera,    alternate,    alternately,  j^jl^ 

^ildmi?r, 
Altemacy,  alteimatien>  altemateness,  ijy 

nawhat,jjt>  dawr. 
Actaltemateiy,9.^jjJb  f^^MnMiUawr. 
Alternative,     alteiaateness,      altemity 

(choice),    <^\ic\3l    mtikhdb,  j^t^^ 

fkhttydr. 
Althea(msffsh  mallows),  ^gi4laf^  kkitmuk 
Although,  ^1  w«j  fM»uf^  «ii. 
Altitude,  ^U^l  ffft/d^.     The  altitude 

of  <3ie  pole,  w^L^H  ^j\.    To  take 

<in  altitude,  cUj^i  ^li  hdt  aUtii/d^. 
Altogether,     lu^uf-  jami^,    iJ^b, 

Alum,  <uJ«  fAaiitf. 
Alumed,  .  JI^  «ib<3l. 


Aluminous,  adf.  ^^JL  <Aaii{. 


AMA 


(487) 


AME 


AlwajSy  UjI  J  dayman^  (*!^*^^  lJ^  t^^' 

A.M.9  Artiam  Ifagister  (ICaster  of  ArtB)^ 
^jLxcSI  ^^\  aU^  >  Anno  Mandi, 

JU!\  ^y^f  ^ ;  Ante  Meridian,  JJi 

Am  (I  am),  yJb\Ji\  and  hoo.     I  am 

(ashamed)  abashed  at  thy  brother,  for  he  has 
shown  fSnToar  onto  me,  and  presented  me  with 
this  magnificent  present,  which  the  people 
ot  the  ewth  wonld  fail  to  procure ;  and  Tenly 

I  am  greatly  obliged  to  him,  \J\  JtSj 

■ft 

j^  _sl1  JLmJI  h^\  iF<Xfj  iibU^ 

Amability,  «.  Lj^^s:^  tnahbilbiifah. 
Amadou  (Fr.),  «.  (j^^  «^n,  ^li  Mw, 
Amalgam,  J^jl\l\xJ^^  ^JJ^\  ^h:S^\ 

Amalgamate,  ^Ijl^II  yi^  kkali  dlmth 
^adm.  \%khidlat. 

Amalgamate,  v.n.  J^\  Uahad,  laiaawl 

Amalgamation,  «.  ^Ib^^l  tkhtSdt,  'r]/^^ 
inUitdj, 

Amandation,  Jl-^j^  «r«d{. 

Amannenris, «.  4.^1^  idiih,  ^\3  MdnM. 

Amaranth,  iUJaS  kadfat. 

Amassment  (aconmulatioD),  X^^. 
Amateur  (Er.),  «.  i^U?  ^dK^,  c^\; 


rdghib,  [^htkiydhn 

Amativenefls,  «.  ^U-  hdVbiyak^  ^^i^U 
Amatory,  a^'.  JmSiU  ^Mh,  iJ^^^  cMAif . 
Amaze,  v.j^^  hayyar, 
Amase,  amazedness,  amazement,  2^:*>- 

klratf  S^^  ^9'<03. 
Amazed,  ^ji>-  hayrdn,  j^s^^  muto" 

hayyWf  l^^^s^^^  muta^e^^  ^ybJy 

madhOih.      To   be  amazed, 
ta^'ab. 


Amazedly,  ij^k^-jL),  [jharih. 

Amazing,   adf.   L^-^sf'   ^aflh,   c--i^ 

Amazingly,  k^^^^^*  hi^'ab. 

Ambassador,  «.  ^rf^l  elehU 

Ambassadorial,  adf.  ij\iuJ\  ^jna^r.  Am- 
bassadorial fiinctionB,j:^AMJl  Xa^^  wa- 
%lfat  U9saflr. 

Amba8sadre88,^^;iiAJ  \  ^%j  tsawfat  unaflr. 

Amber,  b^  harhd. 

Ambergris,^^^  ^anbaTfj^^  ^o&Ir.  Per- 
fumed with  ambeigriB,^^;Jji^  mu^mhar. 

Ambidexter,  ^;£<xJ1^i  sA  alyaddln. 

Ambiguity,  ambiguousness,  ambilogy, 
^]j  rdyhat,  i^J^  ahubhai,  xLsJ^S 
ishiihdh. 

Ambiguous,  ambiloquens,  m^^  mubham. 

Ambiguously,  t^'MJi  (jmLoIU  hiltibda  al 

Ambition,  ambitbusness,  w«k  tama^ 
Ambitious,  ^UL  tammd^ 

Ambitiously,  w!?  Jij  hieol  tama^ 

Amble,  v.  Jjy^  hartpol. 

Amblingly,  ^jj^  bthatwaiaU 

Ambulance,  f.  ^J1i^JJ^^J  l^V^^  ^y^ 
^atat  al  murada  wdl  nu^riihln. 

Ambuscade,  ambush,  ambushment,  ^J;kAli 
kammln* 

Ameliorable^  adf.  £^H,  yaUMoHah. 

Ameliorate,  v.a.  .^OudJ  ia»^h. 

Ameliorate,  t^.n.  ij\i  ,J^  saUahatdtahu, 

Ameliorated,  adj,  £^^  mwallah. 

Ameliorating,  adf.  J^^^  mwaUih. 
Ameliorating,  9.  ^^\  isldh. 
Amelioration,  ^^Loj  tashhm 

Amen,  ^^^^t  dmln. 

Amenability,  «•  l^S^sf^  mahkamyah^ 
i^jjuj  iaha^yahf  ^yUw^  maaiiliya^ 


AMO 


(488) 


AUU 


Amenable^  J^Lmm^  tnatsul. 
AmenableneBB,  <UyLM*/«  tnassiUiyah* 
Amenably,  adv.  ^yUywJJ  ^^  hiwafil 
nuum'Uyah.  [saMtah. 

Amend,  v.  (correct),  J^  taUah,   ,^^ 

Amendable,  -.lUSl  JjIj  kdhU  id  isldh. 
Amendatory,  ^^^OuaJ  tasilhU 

Amendment,  JLA  Mdh,  ,fxsr^  toMh, 

00^^  taslih, 
Amender,  ^**^^  mMsaUih,  ^^ad. 

Amends,  i\i\i^  midsdfdt^\js^  jiwS,  ^^ 
Amenity,  ^y  far  ah. 

Amerce,  9.  a.  aj>-  jarama. 
Amerceable,  f^jofly^am. 
Amercement,  ij^^  jar^mah. 

Amethyst,  »,  j^ylLs^  jabaUakUm, 
Amiable,  c^j«.sr^  muhhnh^  J^f^  tnakbnl, 
Amiableness,  JUcj-yamd^  Jtljy  raumak. 
Amiably,  f^\A,sfr  hijamdl. 

Amicable,  <Use^  limukahlaL 
Amicableness,  ius^  muhahbat. 
Amicably,  ^^r^  Jlj  3iW  muibi^ei^. 
Amid,  amidst,  ^^^  \A^/imd  haifn,  ^j^ 
bajfn,  ^;«jU  mdbayn, 

Amissy  dJ^fiiid,  m^J  namim. 
Amity,  itJy  mHadM. 
Ammoniac  (sal),  ^ jUJ  nuihddir. 
Ammunition,  CjCayi  C^Uf«.    An  am- 
munition waggon,  L^j^\i)j£„ 

Amnesty,  Sijs,^  mutdrtkat,  aU^  ^afn 

cdtn. 
Amnion,  amnios,  $.  Ia^JL^  mmhlmah. 
Amomuin  (a  gum  used  in  embalming), 

UU»-  hamdmd. 
Among,  amongst,  ^;-^>  ^j-jU  wd  fciyii, 

^U  jJ/l  md  hayn.    I  was  among 

the  number  of  thoee  who  remained  behind 

1  the  island,  bo  I  sank  in  the  eea ;  bat 

^ivhoee  name  be  exalted  1)  deli?ered  me, 


and  saTed  me  firom  drowning,  and  sopplied 
me  with  a  great  wooden  tS^  and  I  laid 
hold  npon  it  and  got  into  it,  indneed  by  the 
sweetness  of  life,  and  beat  the  water  with 


my  feet  as  with  oars,  ^  \j\  kz^j 

j^\  ^  ji-o  4^^  J^  ^' 

Amorous,  ^Jh^ile  ^dihik.     Amorous  ges- 
tures, ,^  yhanj\    An  amorous  poem, 

Jjlffhatal. 
Amorously,  (JJmju  hi^uhk. 
Amorousness,  ^jAc  ^hk,  <U«^  muhabbat. 
Amortize,  v.  a,  tX^^  khammada. 
Amount,  iL^  junUat,  d^^Lub^l  f^ 

jam^  al  hudh. 
Amounting,  adf,  ^\j  hdligh. 
Amour,  «.  \j\ %%nd. 

Amphibious,  i^^^^  ^^jS^^hdhrlwaharfl. 
Amphitheatre,  S^jk^  ma^rakat. 
Ample,  ^1^  todii^  .^uJ  fasih,  Jj  >- 

jMlL  And  he  possessed  abundant 
wealth  and  ample  fortune,  and  died  when  I 
was  a  young  child,  leaving  to  me  wealth  and 

buildings  and  villageSi  JU  arjcx  ^^1^ 

Amplcness,  amplitude,  ^^s^fa$hai,  JJl^^ 
was^L  [^b  hdhgha. 

Amplify,  v.  JJS0  tawwalf  Joe.  ^asMom^ 

Amplification,  iJiL^  mubdlayhah. 
Amply,  dUud^  J^  bteol  icas^at* 

Amputate,  v.  tj^i^  ^LS  kata^  ^adwtm. 

Amputation,  ^aS  kat^ 

Amulet,  «.  i^}'^^  hamdyil,jj^.  Aiim. 
AmusC)  V,  (delight),  la»-  han,  ^1^  mUtf, 

c^H  Id^.    To  amuse  oneself  ^J^ 
tMahha\  |<L«J  tataUa*. 


ANC 


(489) 


ANG 


Amnfiementy  lii^  utfii^  ^  lahn,  )a>-  hau. 
Amusing,  amaaiye,  ^J^^^^  mwattif. 

Anachronism,  «.  *ffl}^jL^j^  tasswir  al 

tdrlJsh. 
Anagram,  s.  c^^X^lail  lajk  nuMiih. 

Anagrammatist,  $.  cJ^^s^  muharri/. 

Anagrammatixe,  v.  ^j>-  harraf. 
Analogical^  analogous,    ^U^    UyiUif 

J^\k«   mutdhiif    c^-^lx^    munditb, 

Analogy,  iij\y9  muwdfakat,  ^UmiU^^  m«- 
Analogize,  v.  l^^*  fkusab. 
Analysis,    J;**^  tafill,  ^^/o  Utfrii, 
^jwi;  takslm,  i^)jc\  i^Hh. 

Analyze,  r.  ^^farrak,  J.>-  ^. 
Anarchic,  anarchical,  a^'.  /*lla:Jt  Jjy^ 

Anarchist,  «.  JumA^  mti/M.  [^tZd/. 

Anarchy^  (jij^tJ  ^At^ffA,  Jli^l  AA- 
Anasarca, «.  UmCl^I  ^^0^  cy  naw^  marad 
Utiihd.  \tartibul  ^drah. 

AnastrophCi  9.  ifj^^  ^^.^Ji^jSs.  ^ah 
Anathema,  8.  ^:ji)  la^t,  aj^  harm. 
Anathematize,  v,  aj>-.  haram. 
Anathematized,  (^jj^^  mahrHm. 
Anatomy,  i^l/^  tashrih. 
Anatomioal,  ^js^jJIj  iathrihl. 
Anatomist,  s.  ^r^^  muBharrw. 
Anatomize,  v,  -.^  aharrah. 

Ancestor,    a.   Jtfj-   jadd,    t^JL*  $alaf. 

Ancestors,  Ul  dbd,  i:\j^\qfddd,  uJLi\ 

oildf. 
Ancestry,  J\  &h  J-*^  f^h  t--**^  ^*^'*'*- 
Anchor,  #.  SLo^  i?t«r«d^.    . 
Anchored,  ^^V^  rda,  or  i*-^  iwwrrt . 
Anchorite,  «.  JUb|j  %dhid. 
Ancient,  ^Ji  A^M^tm,  j;^:;^  ^ik;  (old 


man),  J;mJU  ^t^lt  td^tn  hH  iinn.  The 
Ancient  of  Days,  t.  ^j)\  a^cZso/f . 
Ancients,  «.  Jf^j^lf  mldwdyil,  UjiSl  a/ 
iiid^md.  Andents  and  modems,  ^^j|i\ 

Ancient,  «.  (flag  of  a  ship,  etc.)i  ^ji*^. 
Anciently,   U;Li  tdhikan,   Uj  Ji  kadi* 

man,  ^  Ji  1^1^  mm  iUMftm,  lliAo^^Jati. 

Ancientness,     t,    ^^^«^^    (**^    AiMliim 

laaMmdii. 
And,  J.     And  so  forth,  ^U\  ItxObj  tra 

hakoMdalhdkl.  And  my  story  is  eztra- 
ordinarr,  and  mj  tale  is  podigious,  and  the 
canae  01  my  coming  to  this  mountain  is  won- 
drous to  relate !  i^ji^Jic  ^l^^^Jj 

Androgynus,  adj.  <<^^  hhama'. 

Anear,  adv.  <--^^  Aarf ft. 

Anecdotal,  iM^f.  C^LlLs^  <^.»jni;^  mon- 
^aft  M  kikOydt.  [^^  kikdyah. 

Anecdote,  «•  XI23  AM#a^,  ^^a;^  manAoftnA, 

Anew,  «>£«X>-  ^  minjadid. 

Angel,  «.  cJ)U  mai^A.  Angels,  ^U\ 
a/  maldykaL  The  angel  of  death, 
Jj^jje-  ^aard'Hf  j^^j^^  u^^  idft*^  al 

arwdh.  Were  it  not  for  his  accomplish- 
ments and  admirable  faithAilneaB,  he  had  not 
been  invested  with  authority  in  the  abode  of 
kings.  What  an  excellent  guardian  for  the 
hareem  is  he  I    On  account  of  his  beauty  the 

angels  of  heaven  wait  upon  him !  )^ 

UJ\  cJlUl  Jb^j^  ^Umm^  ^ 

Angelic, angelical,  ^Sj^  maldyh. 
AngeHea  (herh),  cJlUt  Xfi^^Jt^  ^Af- 

tfAa^  al  mdldk, 
Angelina  (an  herb),  ^^  anykellna.  * 
Anger,    v,y^fi    ykadab,    )a^    gkayn* 

Prone  to  anger,  c-u^  ykadnib. 


ANl 


(490) 


AKS 


'^^STJf  (jV^  ghadbdn.     To  be  angry, 

k».^«rrir  ghadehm 
Angrily,  ^,  mah  Ughaddb, 
Anger  (provoking  to),  pari,   ^^m^ 

mughdib. 
Anger  (in),  angrily,  Uy-^iitJ  htghadab. 
Angiography,  s.  Ju«Ji  j^jC  tl^iciC/J^ 

^Um  hah  ^urUk  afjasad. 
Angiotomy,  s.  J^fasd. 
Angle,  8,  ^^\j  %dwie,    A  plane  angle, 

4|yuM/t   ^^\j>     A   spherioal  angle, 

^Umubt^.  a  right  angle,  ^«jlS  ^j|j. 
An  acnte  angle,  2rjW  ^j|j*  An 
obtuse  angle,  ^ji^^  ^^])'  Alternate 
angles,  ^^jLi^.^^^^^lj.    A  salient 

re-enteriog  angle,  C^UUL^LJI  ^^|j* 
dlfi^fjJL  Angle  of  inoidence,  h^Sj 
Jj^jSt.  Angle  of  lefleadoQ,  ii^\j 
^1^511.  Eight-angled,  l^\jl\  ^l5. 
Obtuse-angled,  ^j]jJ1  tJ^^^'  Aoute- 
angled,  \i\^^  oU*.  The  angle  of  pro- 
jection, h^  kumat.     The    outward 

angle  of  the  eye,  ^^^li^^j  nanah 
al^in.  *  [iomak. 

•^g^  ^*  (to  fish),  l1^4(..i  Ju.aj  toBoyyad 
Anguish,  t^\JaJ>\  idtir&hf  Jo\j^\  ^Uftit 
•ii^'M<i{  tf/  Vi&Ur^  L^^  iarab,  ^^j^ 
Amui,  *j^  hamm,  [zU  stawdyd. 

Angular,  angulous,  angulated,  ^^jj^^ 

A-nights,   LS  layhm. 

Anility  (old  age  of  women),  *r*    ^  * 

^\ytJi\  shaykhukat  antmswdn. 
Animadversion  (censure),  jijtu  to^tfr, 

i^^jl;  tadih. 

mm 

Animadvert,  p,  ^^  wahliM. 

Animadverter,  ^.jjt^^  mu^anir. 
Animal,  i.  ^y*^  hayw&n.    An  untamed 


animal,  (j£k>-j  wdh»h  (pi.  ^^^)« 
A  rational  animal,  j;!?^  ^y^haywdn 
ndtik.  An  irrational  animal,  yj^y^^- 
^\jj^haywangkayrndt%k.  Animals 
iJ!j\j\y0^  haywdn&t.  Animal  spirits, 
]ff\jSiiJ  tuuhdt. 
Animalism,  «•  lJ\y^  haywdniyaU 
Animalization,    |jU!  cu^J/USl   JlSUI 


Animalize,^^^Aa9\  if  jUStLi^  (^1^)1. 

Animate,  v.  (give  life),  yji^^  akya*  \ 
(to  enooorage),  i^j>'  harrad. 

Animate,  ^^^  hyy, '  tj^y*^  haywdi^. 
Animate  nature,  i^\y^\  iZj\i(^J^\ 
al  makhlnkdt  al  haywdniyah. 

Animated,    adf.  ^^^  hy,  IpUJ  j J  tu 

ntshdt,  ^^\  L^y^  hashush  al  wajh, 

^JDl  iK^^  hdml  attahi^ 
Animation,  ^IjcJI  inti^h. 
Animating,  \^\  %hyd. 
Animator,  ^^e^  muhyy,  ^JIujc^  mun^uh. 
Animosity,  «Xa»-  hakd,  i^W  ^addwat, 

^LuAj  nufidniyahn 
Anise,  herb  or  seeds,  ^y**^\  anUwm. 

Ankle,  V.  i^  ka^h,  J\i^  thaOhdl 

And  the  broker  nncoTered  her  fiioe,  whereupon 
the  place  was  illnminated  by  her  beapty ;  and 
there  hung  down  seven  locks  of  hair  reaching 
to   her   anklet%   Uke  the   tails   of  hoises. 


Annals,  jLtS^\  alMdr,  f^Jiy  iawdflkh. 
Annalist,  i.  t^yj  rStcn,  ^jy- 
Annex,  v,  uJli^  addf,  J^^  womI. 

Annexation,  annexment,  ^Ul  iddfai. 

Annexations,  CL^lil^  mudd/di. 
Annexed,  uJIim  muddf, 
I  AnnihilatOi  v.  JLj  Mial. 


ANO 


(491) 


AST 


AnniMlable,  aif,  ^V^^  ywmkcfy  JjIj 
^js^l  k&hil  ul  MMiAft.  [flnn^ifam. 

Annihilated,    j]a^    nmhUUd^    fT^''^ 
Annihilation,  JJLbJ  MA/,  y^i*. 
Annivenary,  adf.i^ymtMnavi,  t^l^  JOmiI 


AnniveiBary,  «•  ^^y^^Jur.  ^li  miun^* 
Anno  Dominii  4jtsXm.i>»H  ^U^Jt  ^« 

Anno  Hcrjire,  iys^i  ^,  [/J^^* 

Anno  Hondi,  ^^  ^J^  *:--  ^Hi  ^j^ 
Annotate, «.  a. .  ^  iharahotj^  fmunra. 

Annotation,  ^Ij  iny^n,  y^M  ia^Hr, 
^jJL  Aturhfjffiiij  tafi^n  Annotations, 

Annotator,  f .  ^ j^  f^n%,  y^i^  mti- 
Announce,  v.j»^  ]thabhar,jM^  hoihshar. 
Annonncement,  t .  rj^fS^  ^oMMr,  ^^\ 

Announcer,  $.  fJe^  muMo^Mr. 
Annonncing,#.^Ueki.l  Mbdr,jff£krtakhbir. 
Annoji  9.  Ji^  M^^A^y  \^0^nf  ia^^4ik. 
Annoy,  annoyance,  A4#^  noAmaif  l,i^hT 

Annoyer, «.  <i^^tr.>»  mn^^A,  4f^  mut  ^t;. 
Annoyed,  adf,  ^^J  Mf^n» 
Annual,  t^y^  Mnot^i. 
Annually,   ^ly^  iomamfimn 
Annuity,  «.  ^y^  ianauriat. 
Annul,  9.  JL  MM,  ^  iMWoM. 

Annular,  AaIlc)!  jCutu  hUhikU  §i  hakdk. 
Annulet,  $.  (small  ring),  ^^^JL^  wW- 

Annunciation,  #•  i^lwiJt  Ou6  glj  «{ 
Anoint,  «•  .^^^'^  sMwAy  ^;i^<i>  A^km, 

Anointer,  «•  ^U  mdiihm 

Anon^  lll»-  MSm. 

Anonymous,  aJI\  ^JtJt*  mMfVl  i9m*. 


Anonymously,   m^ju9  j^  ^\i  hi  iim 
ghofrma^ikmy  mt^j^^minghayrum. 
Another,  ^^  ghagr^yaA  dikar. 

Answer,  v,  S^j^-  jdwab,  (m^\p^\  ajdb. 
To  answer  for  money,  to  be  surety, 
Ji^.  (To  appear  before  a  judge), 
huder.     The  King  talked  to  her 


and  inquired  of  her  her  name ;  but  she  iras 
•Uoity  not  uttering  a  single  word,  nor  return- 
ing him  an  answer,  liJ-xar  vlJUf  ^Loi 

Answer,  a.  S-'^^  jawdb*  A  true  or 
just  answer,  fmJ\ya  S^l^  /m^di  «a- 
wtf,  A  categorical  or  definitiyeanawer, 
^U  M^^  iwtfi  ail4/t.  Qneation 
and  answer,  ^^^y  J^^ 

Answerable,  S-»\^1  S"^!^  ^4^'^  ^C^'"' 
wdi;  (suitable),  J^Ua««  niM^diA;  (ac- 
countable), ^U  <fdjfitii,  Jui^  i«^7. 

AnsweraUy,  ^l^^  Jjj  MMatofidM&i^. 

Answerer,  «•  c^W*  myfdwib. 

Ant,  «•  ^i4J  iMm^A  (pi.  Jm43  imm/). 

s>         a  M 

Antagoniam,  a.  ^^^^lOcL  thmnnmif  Aj|«xi 

A«U»^<.  [aUadffi). 

Antagonisti   M»a^   kkatm   (pi.  |*lid^l 

Antagonize,  v.n.  im^\e>^  ihdlafa,  ^^\i 

kdwama. 
Antalgic,  adf.  ^r^^  uk/*  mtallMwqfa^ 
Antanaclaais,  a.  .•Ij  ^j^m^^toC  tqfnUJdm. 

Antaphrodisiao,  (u(f»  i^^\  ^U  mdni^  ' 

oih  ihahwai.  [afunnH, 

Antarctic  pole,  t,  ^yjc9l  t^^ii  kuth 

Antecedent,  aO^,  aJ&^.    The  ante* 

cedent,  JJU,  ^J^.     Antecedent 

and  conaequent,  iJ^|^  |»JA4i11  akmh 
kaddam  wattdH. 
Antecedentiy,  \SjL»  idbiian. 


Airr 


(492) 


AFH 


;^L«£ 


AnteceaMir,  #•  u,qL< 

Antediamber,  «.  ij\j}  i^j\  mida  hanrd" 
Antedate,  v.  ^Kj^^  S^  '^'^^  aUdfikh. 
Antedflanan^^Uybll  ^hMaUawafilM. 
Antemeridiaii,  jflall  JJI. 
Antemuiidaiie,  L3 SII JJ  lo^/  oiimM* 
Antepenult,  adj.jSJl\  JJ  io^/  'VMir. 
Anterior,  Mi>iCi^midailuMamtfj)\a9dlnk. 
Anteriority,  #.  JLajL*  idhikiyah. 
Anthem,  «.  ^^  jmuT  tofftiA. 
Anthems,  CL'V^u.imJ  Uuhlh&t. 
Anthology,  #.  d^La^:^  f/*^  mqfmiEL^ 
munUMiohdL  [4:;^^^ 

Anthropography,   #.   ^t«  t^i^air  Jlc 

Anthropological,  a^'.  l.L'^  Jlc  ^/oaC 
Allomorphism,  .^-^^ 

Anthropomorphite,    ^IIm^j    *£^   ^ 

Anthropomorphous,  ^jLu^\  c^/mJ. 
Anthropophagi,  ^j^LjJ^  ^  J^b  ^. 
Anti,  ^^  (Gr.),  ^y^  Jl>ji  «-J^ 
j/i4J\  ^1  Ju5  *U^  iJifll  jyj. 

Antichrist,  Jl^jJt  aldqffdL 
Anticipate,  v,  (^JL>  saHaf,  j;^  $abhak. 
Anticipation,  <^,igL^7  tashf,  (.jLi  mJo^, 

Antic, 
Antic,  «.  i^i 

Antidote,  t.  jU^  ^«rydi^,  aaJIju^. 

Antimony,  c;,.%i-»\JJ\^,  J^  Jh«U. 

Antiochia,  ^lk)f  an^Jbid. 

Antipathy,  «.  ^JiJl  ^|/^1  /»«X£  ^«i{a»i 
fin^MuI;  «;  iab^.  I  have  an  antipathy 
to  this  man,  J^J\  \jJb  ^J^aJ  ^yv^. 


vmdMkj  c^yC  ^harib, 
maskhara. 


Antiphiaas,  «.  ^«ASf  j);4J  ^jJljf^l 
Ant^odes,  «.   ^jA  ^^  JL^  f^\j\ 

Antiqtiacy,  «.  Jui  jjSf  jUSb  JU. 
Antique,  ^«xi  iadtsi, 


Antiquity)  fJU?t  J W^^  ^JV^  «^^^- 

Antistrophe,  jiX^t  ^^^Js^tj^. 
Antitheris,  A^^U<«  M«^drai{s<,  c-ilcLs^f 

OAMfi/,  ^jt*x^\  ii>-^y  iff^' 
Antler,  ••  JSjc  ^^  kam  gkaul. 
Anvil,  t.  ^>y:^  iomddn,  aMm^. 
Anxiety,  anziousness,  ^/uymj  Uukwisky 

lJ\J2^\  idiirdb,Jj. 
Anxious,  c^^^LiM  mudtarib,  jM^^ 
Anxiously,  jJJ^  bUakdHr. 

Anyhody,  M.  jiroii.  d^^  ^^  hdwdkid. 
Anyhow,  ife.  au^jl^  ^;^  *^y'* 
Anyone  Jb».1^  J^  M  todJUd. 
Anywheroi  ^>^  J^  ^  mawia^ 
Aorist,  «.  9;^-a^  mtH^firf  ^. 
Apace,  i&jmi  bitur^,  ^}^js^\}. 
Aparti  C^jij\j  bdnfirdd. 
Apartment,  «.  i^^\  awda. 
Apathy, «.  1(!IUJ\  a«Xc  ^adam  uJ  mubdidk. 

Ape,  <.  f^y^>^  maifmun,  J^  itrJ.    And 

the  apes  came  to  no,  and  surrounded  the  Tessel 
on  ereiT  side,  nomerons  as  locusts,  and  dispersed 
theinselTes  about  tiie  TeeseL  and  on  the  shore, 

Ape,  1;.  jJj  kaUad, 

Aperient,  t.  J>fM^  )^^  <20«rd  muuoKkUi 

Aperture,  ^fcUh,  (^/ma:^  moiifM* 

Apex,  $.  ^f^\  mof. 

Aphorism,  (J^iX>-  hadUf   Jl^  4«J^ 
darbmatai,  A^itXc\j  kd^ukdkuttiyah. 


APP 


(493) 


APP 


Apish,  jJla^  mukaUid. 

Apifllmess,  Juii?  taUld, 

Apooope,  cJiX>-  kuf.       [nuuhkukfih. 

Apocrypbal,  ^^^  murib,  ^  C/ji»\^ 

Apodoaifl,  «•  /jm\  ^^i^jpj  noHjai  id  kaldm, 
Apogeam,  apogeon,   apogee,  UmJI^^^I 
auy  atsamd.  [ndri. 

Apologetics  apologetical,  i^j\isS'\  i^i- 
Apologetically,  ad/o.  j\«3CLcb  hi  i^vOr. 
Apologize^  9.  jljcLft  i^ttm&r. 
Apologizing,  aij.jdsx^  mu^iaur* 
Apolpgizer,  i.jSsjL^  mu^taur. 
Apologue,  t.  Jt^  masal. 
Apology,  jtjCLcl  i^kdr. 
Apology,  •.j\s:^\  i^tMdrfjds.  ^mr. 

Apophthegm,  t^fM.^  Jy  kawl  maihhur. 
Apoplexy,  t.  d^L^  saJUat. 
Apoplectic,  <teiUlj  ,J^2^.  [o^Mn. 

Apostacy,  Jt  Jj;\  iriiddd,  ^^^ jl^  1 1  niter 
Apostate,  t.  JJ^  murtadd,  ^jiSi\jL^ 

munkir  addin. 
Apostatize,  v.  ^JiS^  vl(^  ^aifc  <mMii. 

Aposteme,  «.  ^UUJ  iumia^. 
Apostil,  9.  i^\^  h&Bhiydh. 
Apostle  i,  i^y^j  roiUL 
Apostleship,  il\^j  riadJaL 
Apostolic,  apostolical,  ^)y^j  rasUlU 
ApostolicaUy,  J«^\^  Idmul. 
Apostrophe,    «•     ^U:^    mukhdtahah, 
»l>-l:^  munajahj  ^ajl^j>^  harakat 

Apothecary,  •.  ^^]j^^  ighn&gl. 

Appal,  V.  Jyb  haunffol. 

Appalment,  (Ji^  tahwlL 

Appanage,  »,  ^U3U  mdlkdna. 

Apparatus,  (JL^Jl  al&t,  d^Uf^.  Appa- 
ratus for  a  journey,  ^iJl  CI^IIU  War-* 
like  apparatus,  c^-^t  CL^lti  a^^  alharh. 


Apparel,  ^^  te3«,  c^y  iawh  (pl»  Ci-'fy t 

a#trd3). 
Apparel,  t?.  ^^^  M^m. 
Apparent,^U0  scSAiir,  ^Ij  t9d<^  Li'^' 

More  apparent,^!  a^har.^ 

Apparently,  SyJ^  zdhiran,  OLc. 
Apparition,  t.  5^^  «i2r0^,  JW^  khtydl. 
Apparitor,  %.jas^  muhdir,  ^j^- 
Appeal,  V.  ^]  c/J^  ^\  *|^*>  jJ; , 

cJUjL^I  M^f 'nd/. 
Appeal,  t.  i^J  da^at,  i^\\x\^\, 
Appear,^^  %ahar.     To  cause  or  order 

to  appear,  ^^«di>-1  ahdar.     It  appears 

(it  is  evident),  ^lyi  andhir.  Thus  I 

remained  until  I  walked,  one  day,  upon  the 
shore  of  the  ialand,  and  there  appeared  onto 
me   an   indistinct   object   in   the   distance, 

^,  ^  ^^,  ^  ^h  ijijJl     Thy 

shape  is  enticing,  and  thine  eye  like  the  angel's, 
ana  thy  face  dnpfjeth  with  the  water  of  beanty. 
Thon  appearest  in  my  eye  most  glorionsiy 
pictnred.  Half  of  thee  is  of  ruby,  and  a  third  of 
jewels,  a  fifth  of  musk,  and  a  sixth  of  amber- 
gris.   Thon  reeemblest  fine  pearl ;  nay,  thon 

art  more  splendid,   ^tiJ  C^L«1^ 


».rt  •■■> 


•>J^  «^i  J^J^l   i--i  V^lj 

Appearance,  j^  snAur  ;   (similitude), 

J;«2j«J  to»M{/;  (probability),  JUx^l 

iht%mdl\  (concourse),  fUi^-t  ijtimd^ 

To  appearance,  iJI^J^^  hUhikl. 

Appearer,  f.^U?  tdhir,  [attoikln. 

Appeasable,    adf.   ^^S^\   JjU    idbil 

Appeasableness,  ^jJa^\  iAj\i  kdhiUyat 

tUiaskinm 
Appease.  v»  <cX.i  sakkai. 


APP 


(494) 


APP 


Appeased,  aij.  u: 


mnialiikat. 


Appellant,  t.  ^<^^  mioufocf. 

Appellation,  m^\  ism,  l«^  laiah» 

Appellative,  a,  ^^ywwcsr  i  ^^^i,  aU  wl. 

Append,  t^.  j;!^  ^a2^. 

Appendage,  «.  <Um^  dlamlma^. 

Appendant,  ^j^^  mu^aUak. 

Appendix,  «.  <Um^  damlmat,  Jj  J  say/. 

Appertain,   f?.    l^  ^ur.^l  intcudbf    ^Jjju 

ta^allak,  ^jc:>-  hhas.  [intU&b. 

Appertainment,  appurtenance,  L->Lu:Jt 

Appertinent,    J^i^c^    miU^aUih^   (j^^ 

laMk. 
Appetence,    \fJ^\    tshttha,    \yb   hawa, 

Appetite,  if^fl  shahwat,  ,J^  mayj. 
Applaud,  v.  -.J^  madah,  Sa»^  hamad, 

^jMA-^Usl  utahsan. 
Applause,  t?.  Jc4.>-  hamd,  -Ji^  mevJA. 

Apple,  «.  <&>-Ujf  iufftha, 
Appliable,  applicable,  J^f^  muwafik. 
Appliance,  8,  J^t^Ja?  to^5{j&.      [wasdyiL 
Appliances,  9,  pi.  CulLf^J  taahlldt,  JjL^ 

Applicableness,  applicability,  iUil^  mt<- 

icdfakat 
Applicably,  iA3\^  J^  ^t^/  mutc&faJtat. 
Application  (study),  ti^^jahd,  i^\f>^\ 

ijtihdd;    (petitioning),    J\^   suwdl, 

Apply,    «.    (add),    J-^^;    (to    study), 
tAf:^t  ijtahad  ajC  ^%am,  JjbJ«\  mA- 

taghal;    (to  petition),    c^J^  /^^, 

^^p*^l  iUamaa. 
Appoint,  V.  ^j*c  ^yym.    To  appoint  to 

an  office,   c,  .^naf  nasab;  (to  equip), 

^«a»-  haddar. 
Appointment, «.  (office),  \^^**a:*^fMmab\ 

(stipulation),  !^  fAur^;  (command), 


j/9\  atnr;  (decree),  Jl>-  Awibi;  (assig- 
nation), ^^^i^  ta^yin. 
Apportion,  v,  ijie>a>^  hattoi. 


Apposite,    JjJ   Idyik,    c-^>^|^    ^th. 


Appositely,  ^\^^  Jij  hikol  nrnnoMobat, 
Appositeness,  iJtj\y  muwdfaktd. 
Appraise,.  <^.  iJj  haddar.  [taidir. 

Appraisement,   ^^js^^ser  taXhmVx^  ji'^ 
Appraiser,  <.  c.  ■%««>"*  (c^  miiAtoiS. 
Appreciable,  a^'.  jJ^jaiJI  (2;^^^«^  flitMiibtii 

t^  takdlr. 
Appreciate,  v,  a.jSi  haddar,  ^UjJ  uJ^. 
Appreciated,  ^^Jl  ^  Idka  ik^mat. 
Appreciating,  i.  '^^^^  ii^  mu^fat 

mI  hlmah.  [kimah. 

Appreciation,  ^<«^1  ij^  mu^fat  ul 
Apprehend,  v.  (conceiye),  CJ[^cl\  adrahj 

A|i ;  (to  seize),  ^^a^  hahd, 

Apprehender,    «.   cI^Jl^    mudrih;    (a 

seizor),  (^l3  ^cZ^tc?. 
Apprehensible,  m^\  JjIS  itditZ  o(/2»A«», 

/»j^i^  mafhum. 

Apprehension  (conception),   Ji^  ^ail/, 
M^fdhm\  (terror),  ^^^hawl;  (seizure), 

^jA^ ;  (suspicion),  i^J^  ahubhah,  *A^ 

iDahm,  S^>^  ray5. 
Apprehensive   (fearful),    t^aSlrv.   hkdlf^ 

cl^«X^  mudrih,  »^  fdklm. 
Apprehensively,  uJ^  J^  W>6a/  iUoi^ 

^UJh  Jij  ^tiioZ  hayhaU 
Apprehensiveness,  «.  cJl^  j)\  isj^  tir^i 

id  idrdh,  JlibJlttXe^  air^at ul intikdl. 
Apprentice,  «•  OuJj  tahnU. 
Apprize,  t^.^;-c^  iAa5^0r,^^«fi^l  ahhbar. 
Approach,  J^^j  wwrSid,  i^^  hwrh. 
Approach,  c^.  c^j^  fafro^. 
Approachable,  adj.  i^\  t^jSsj  yiMkarrab 

illayih. 


AAA 


(495) 


ABC 


ApproachablenoBs,  s,  c^jAsS!  ^^^ 
imkdn  mi  iairih, 

Approachment,  s.  i^^^jSj  iakrlb. 

Approbation,  \^j  nd&,  J^  kubiilf 
i^fiac^\  utUwdh. 

Appropriatei  p.  ^_^A.d£w  khamu.  To  ap- 
propriate to  oneself,  ^U-  ^jdo^e^  ^omm 

Appropriate,  ^jfilr*-  itAa#.  [^^f«. 

Appropriation,   S^\:>>>  khdtat,  ^a»»nnr 
Approvable,  UJI\  l-^->-1j  «^4;»ft  arridd, 

^iictrdl  j;^)!  /cSyei^  attahAn, 
Approve,   9.    (^^.^hl^I     tstasteab;    (to 

prore,  show),  ^^^££U«i  tmfaAaM. 
Approximation,  c^^  ibcr3,  i.^^. 
Approximate,  c^y  karih,  U^  toibi- 

Appnlse,  II.  J^jj  tournd,  J^^  triMil/. 
Appurtenance,  CL>Lc^Aa-iH  ^  ^^1  L-iJt 

Apnoot,  «.  ddwL^yui^  miMAmiM^^. 

April,  ^Immj  nl«dfi. 

A  priori,  adv.  (Lat.),  ,^«a:cu<«^  miM/an^'. 

Apron,  j^  mawtr,  *j^  fata. 

Apt,  (Ji^y  muwafik,  L^^^^\i^  mund^ib, 

Aptitude,  aptness,  £U  lay&kat. 
Aptly,  iftjl^  J^  ft«^o/  mtf«7d/ai&a^. 
Aptote,  9,  i^^jj^a:^  j^  s^\  wn  gkayir 
'  mumarif, 

Aquariu8(thecelestial8ign),j)  jJ\  addaloo. 
Aquatic,  aquatile,  aqueous^  ^U  ma*l. 
Aqua-Tit®,  «•  jjC  ^arak. 
Aqueduct,  t.  iJ  ibitd  (pi.  c:.>Ul:i), 
Aquiline,  l^j***J  ntVrf. 
Arabia,;.,.^!  jJb  hilddal^arab,  ^Jcm^jx, 
^Arahiiidn.     Arabia  Felix,  ^^ytJ]  aH- 

yaman.  Arabia  Petrea,  jUHl  dlhiid%. 
The  genuine    Arabians,    'b^  l^jS, 


^ardb^hd.  The  mixed  Arabians 
(commonly  called  Mosarabians),  S-^ 
^  jCLuM^  corab  mtuta^rtbai.  Arabic, 
L5</^  ^oro^l.  The  Arabic  language, 
4^.iyJl  ^^U  ^d»  al^ah.  The  Arabic 
language  written  in  Syriac  characters, 
iJy^^  karthunl.  To  mark  Arabic 
with  Yowel  points,  <--^t  a^db. 
Arable,  9jy»i  yurwan^* 

Arbalist,  8.  ^jf^j,  ^J^f»^X^  manfanik 
Arbiter,  «.  (arbitrator),  1x^.1^  watlt,  a^I». 

hdkim.  The  Soyereign  Arbiter,  t^J^\ 

Arbitrable,  Jls)t  JjU  ^o^'/  o/  hukm. 

Arbitrement,  jL:^1  UcMiydr. 

Arbitrarily,    \j^  kahran.     To  act  arbi- 
trarily, Jiff  %alam,  [kahr. 

Arbitrariness,  Jd?  mdm^  (.jLf  ^nf,j^ 

Arbitrary,  JU9  sdAm,  <i»(SjVr  ^anf/*,  J^lS 

ild^tr,  J^Us^  mutlak. 
Arbitrate,  v.  jjL>-  hakatn. 

Arbitration,  arbitrement,  ^^  hukm, 

Arborary  (belonging  to  trees),   ijj^ 

safari, 
Arborator,  «.  jLk*^  sajjdr. 
Arboriculture,  «.  jLc^Sl  4*j  J  Jlc. 

Arboriform,  ij;^!  jCl  ^Jix:. 

«• 

Arcanum,  «.  (Lat.,  jp/.  Arcana),  j^  sirr 

(pi.  j\^l  Mfdr),  ^l£>»  il^^aA* 
Arc  (s^^ent  of  a  circle),  ^t  jJ\  ^nkS. 
Arch,^^(Gr.),  ^jJijray'ia,  Jax^la^sam. 

Arch,«.2r^)3:iiafi^ara.  A  triumphal  arch, 

yidJ  i^\»  bdb  nasr. 
Archaeology,  «.  i4JJ^\j\ji\  J^  ^«7m  tJ 

Mdr  al  kadlmah.  [laykat. 

Archangel,  «.  ^'lUll  ^^j  niyf  a/  mo- 
Archbishop,^,  ^^a^  mtUrdn,  iiiLi]  ^jj^j 

rayie  oidkifah. 


ABG 


(496) 


ABii 


Aroher,  #.  L5^b  *'^**^* 

Archetypal,  ^X^\  ady. 

Archetype,  «.  J-^^  «/,  j^-y  ra»»i, 
na«ibAa^.  The  archetype,  or  plan  of  a 
building,  LJ^  m^j.  .  The  archetype,  or 
original  of  a  book,  ^Ju^Jl  c-^lsili  a/ 

Architect,  «.  jUjt^  mtf^mdr. 
Architecture,  d^UjJI  Jx  ^iVm  a{  ^ftmdra^. 

Naval  architecture,  ^jSUJl  ijUx.  Jx 

^ikn  ^amdrtU  ustafdy'in. 
Archives,  y\i J  dafatir.     A  repositary 

for  archives,  dj\s>-j:JO  dafiar  hhdna* 
Arctic,  «.  (north  pole),  JUlll  u^ 

Ardent  (hot),  jU-  Aflrr,  ^j^\  affec- 
tionate), <*--'''*-«=^  «ittA*5. 

Ardently,  ij^j^  J^  ^»^^  hardraL 

Ardour  (heat),  J;]^  Aflrdra^;  (zeal, 
fervour),  ij^  gMrat  The  ardour  of 
love,  4jLm0  sabdhat. 

Arduous,^^;MMX  ^<wlr. 

Arduousness,^^^  ^tMr. 

Are, — we  are,  *^  ^j^a^  ♦w^  ^ww. 

Area,  #.  (an  open  place  or  surface), ^\ *^^ 
middn,  ^i^-Ls  sdhat, 

Arefy,  v.a.  ^/**---^  taylns. 

Arena,  ».  j^^Ju^  mlddn,  *^Li  «d^A. 

Areometer,  «.  \^\  ^];-^  mlndnulhawd. 

Arid,  fli^*.  j^U  ydJw. 

Aridity,  «.  ^^  yah^LMi. 

Argil,  ^  «». 

Ax^e,  V.  (jk*#l-5  ^j^  dardb  hiyds. 

Argument  (reason),  \^^  kiyd$, 
hujfat,  JJj  dani  Convincing  argu- 
ments, i^\^  11  j\ ;  (subject),  fjy^-^ 
madman ;  (argumentation),  iljl^. 

Argumental,  argumentative,  ^^  ^' 
ydsi. 


Arguments,  Jj  J  J  daldyil,  ^JiJt^J»  lar&hfn. 

Aries  (the  zodiacal  sign),  Ja^\  j^^ 
hurj  al  hamal. 

Aright,  L^\yA\j  hiUoMdh, 

Arise,  v.  (as  the  sun),  Jy^  Bharat.  To 
arise  (from  a  seat,  etc.,  to  stand  up), 
mM  kdm.     To  arise  (proceed  from), 

iJu^  Mdar,  He  rose  from  his  sleep, 
and,  haying  perfonned  the  morning  prayeis, 
monnted,  ana  repaired  to  attend  upon  the 
Saltan;  and  he  passed  in  his  way  by  the  door 

of  the  palace,  ,^^\  ^^J^^  ^y  ^^  (•'^ 

^\  <-;b  ^  ^>  ^j^ 

Aristocracy,  «.  j^f«^  JamhUr. 

Aristocratical,  i^j%^4>^  jamhurl. 

Arithmetic,  c-^LwJ^  Jx  ^i7m  a/  Aud^. 

Ark  (of  Noah),  «.  ^y  i-i-»  sa/inat  muh. 
An  ark  (chest),  Jj  J^i-^  sanduk.  The 
Ark  of  the  Covenant,  J^^  *-=-^y^  <«^< 

Arm,  *.  J^L»  «a^«?  (pi.  O^cl^  tw^^id), 

cl.J.     The  arm-pit,  ^  ibL 
Arm  (oneself),  r.  ^^  tataUah.    To  arm 

(others),  J^  saUah.  [bahriyah. 

Armada,  «.  (fleet),  i^  JjUx  ^amdrat 
Armament,  «.  ij/»-  CLJ^j-^flsr    %ASsd^ 

Aar^tyaA. 
Armed,  J"***^  musallah.     Armed  with  a 

coat  of  mail,  ^  j  Jcj«  mutadarra^. 
Armillary,  0<^'.  CSJm^  tnuahahhak.     An 

armillary  sphere,    ^^^  8^   hurrah 

mushabhakah. 
Armistice,  l^j^s^  maidrakaL 
Armory,  *.)Lull  ^3j£>-  khamat  atstldh. 
Arms,  •.!»)  «i2dA,  ^LsrV^  a%Uhai. 
Army,  «.^^^Ly^  ^askar,  ^J**^:^  jayih.    A 

victorious  army,  j^na\.^  jC^hc,    ^atkar 

mantilr.     To  encamp  an  army,  ^^ 


ABB 


(497) 


ART 


^CmjJI  ihayyam  al  ^iar.  To  levy  or 
embody  an  axmj,  jLuc  ^^^  jatn^ 
^askar.  The  leader  of  an  army,  JalS 
^^^tk^t  iaid  aljaysh.  The  right  wing, 
^Lii^k^  maymanat.  The  left  wing,  iyi^t^ 
maiyMrat.  A  great  army,  ^j>'J^*us. 
^OBkar  jarr&r. 
Armie8,/L^  ^<Mhir,  ^^t^JnfUsh. 

Aromatic,  aromatical,  Iia^  mu^ttar. 
AromaticB,  a.pl,Ji\Ae.  ^kdJ^r,  d^UJke 

^tiriydt  f^L:\j\ff  bahardt. 
Aromatigation,  s.Jicuu  ta^lr. 

Aromatize,  v.a.Jae.  ^attar. 
Aromatized,  adf,  «^..jVi^  mutaifyab,Jajf^ 

Around,  j|^  J  dawdr,  J^  hawL 
Arrack,  J^c  ^dk. 
Arraignment,  ^IL&  ihikdyat. 
Arrange,  r«  S^  rattab,    Jai  naxam. 

To  be  arranged,  c^y  tarattdb,  ^iacj] 

ifUatam. 
Arrangement,  u^^jTyi  ^^f3. 
Arranger,  f .  Ja:^^  munofstift. 

Array,  i.^  <af,  ^Cu*iJl  t-.^y  ^^f& 
o/^Mibr,  ^juuJ  /*&«.  Military  array, 
i»fjflrf»  «u/il/.  To  array  in  order  of 
battle,  ujLtf  saf. 


Airear,  arrears,  arrearage,   _ib   hdki, 

Arreptitions  (snatched  away),  ujJLm^ 

nuuluhf  L^^f^  tnanhuh. 
Arreat,  s,  ^/mm»>  habi. 
Arrest,  v.  ij»i^»>'  habas.   To  be  arrested, 

^^u^a^f  inhaha3, 
Arrestation,  «.  ^Jlc  ^JaJ  habd  ^ala\ 

Arrival,  J^j  wu8id.  Everyone  who  heard 

of  his  arriyal  came  to  him,  and  inquired  of  him 
respectine  the  state  of  his  Toyage  and  the  state 
of  the  dinerent  countries,  and  he  used  to  inform 

them,  ^iacr;  ^j  j^  ^4^1  ^  \}^j^^ 


Arrive,  v,  Oj  bala^h,  ^J^^j  tooiol,  JJII 

akbal.' 
Arrived,  J^lj  toduil. 
Arrogance,  arrogantne6s,^^Juf  takdbbur, 
Arroganty^^JjL^  mu^^tr,  Jm;^  m«« 

Arrogantly,  b^^-io   bikabriyay  j^Jo  bi- 
Arrogate,  1^.  U Jl  ficfo^d. 

Arrogation,  Ujf  M^^d,  c^^O  du^wa\ 
Arrow,  *f«j  MAm.     The  invisible  arrow 

(death),  l^-^^  m^  9dhm  dl  ghayb. 
Arse,  «X«A^  mak^.     The  rectam,  >^ 

Arsenal,  9.  Aj\aerjb  topkhdna,  -.Ol  ijj:>^ 

khoinat  unldh,  ^[ir'Jj  terskhdna. 
Arsenic,  J^jJ  zamikh. 
Arsenical,  ^J^jj  %amlkhh 

Arson,  \Jiaju  Jj^\  a^  jarm  ul  hark 
ta^mmuddan. 

Art  (skill),  ^  fann  (pi.  ^yi  funiin), 

ijc^  $an^h\  (canning),  aJu»-  hilat. 

The  fine  arts,  lsoJai^  ^^yJ^\  aJfunUn 

atstarlfah,  Theliberalarts,£jjl!t  ^^t 

(U^lum  al  ddabiyah.     The  mechanical 

arts,  ^L^  sandi^.    The  military  art, 

S-*^^  ^  /an  a/  harb.  The  great  art, 

L^  klmiyd,  [a/  ^t^rili. 

Arteriology, «.  j^yJt  vi,^  J^  ^«7m  ^aAa 

Artery,  «.  ^^b^  aharydn^  Jj&  ^irk. 
The  beating  of  the  artery,  the  pnlse, 
^jaJ  nahd.  [muhtdL 

Artful  (skilful),  JL.  makkdr,   Jbjc^ 

Artfully  (skilfully ),^^C«j  bimukr,  JLa^b 

&»'  ihtiydl. 
Artfulness,  jU::^»^t  ihtiydl  S^  mukr. 


82 


AS 


(498) 


A8C 


ArthritiSy  «.  J^^lLtJ!  ^^3  toaja^  ail  ma- 
fiiUf  J^U^I  c-^lfJi  altihah  al  mafdstl. 

Artichoke,  b.J^2a^  ihanhuf, 

Arctic  pole,  «.  ^UiJl  i^<ini  kuth  ath- 
shamdll. 

Article,  8.  J^  fasl,  ]0^  short.  An 
article  of  religion,  ^^\  ^^^  kdnUn 
addln.  An  article  (in  grammar), 
^jSCiW  alma^ri/at»     Articles^  ^jiJ^, 

Article,  r.  )ffJL  sharatf  ^%j^  J^4^  ^mal 

nhurut.  [mafsdh. 

Articular  (belooging  to  joints),  ^X^^Ay* 

ArticQlatcyjl:>^«i^  mumtdz,  amaAI^  mun- 

kasim,  [sharat. 

Articulate,  v,  kftlj  talaffoi,   j^,  \>jL 

Articulately,  if  jUj  if  jtt  mddat  himddat, 
ArticulatenesB  in  speech,  kfti  laf%. 
Articulation,  IoaIJ  talaffu%\   (juncture), 
J^idi.^  mafgdl. 

Artifice,  jJls  ghadr.     And  he  has  set 

oyer  this  tract,  of  whicli  I  haye  informed  thee, 
his  eldest  daughter,  the  chief  of  her  sisters ; 
and  she  is  distinguished  by  brarery  and  horse- 
manship, and  ^:uile  and  artifice,  and  enchant- 
ment, by  which  she  can  overcome  all  the 

people  of  her  dominions,  CS^\  ^^  Ji^ 

Artificer,  «.  ^l^  sdni^. 

Artificial  (in  opposition  to  natural),  ^^^^^^ 

M 

^amali ;  (fictitious), j^U  tnuzawir. 
Artificially,  ijc^  bisan^t,  jt^Jpi  ^' 

tMwir., 
Artificialness,  ijc^  san^at,  ^^  /amt. 
Artillery,  ^j\^  tudh,  ^tju«  maddfi^. 
As  (like),  ClS.     Ab  {or  like)  the  sun, 

\j**^^^   kdshahams.      As   the   bird. 


jJti\^  h&ttayr.  As  before,  J^ll^  hdh 
Idwwal,  As  above  related,  i^jU^  iamd 
%ukir.  As  it  was  (in  like  manner), 
^l^  U^  kamd  kdn.  As  it  is  said^  \aS 
JJ  kumd  hi.  As  if,  ^  o  ka&n.  As 
often  as,  UK  koUumd.  So  as  not,  !L^ 
kild.     As  often  as,  Uf«.     As  mudi 

as,  J  jJb  hi  kadar.  As  I  should  be  the 
caofle  of  yoor  separation,  like  as  I  was  the 
cause  of  her  separation  from  us,  (J) 

U^l^j  \jij\  _5  L^'wJl.     They  made 

Qse  of  their  power,  and  used  it  tyrannicallT ; 
and  soon  it  oecame  as  though  it  neyer  had 

existed,  m  ^Ai'<^  _i  lyUa:;**^!^  Sy^Ls^ 

mistress,  thou  hast  no  need  of  these  aeryants 
at  the  present  time,  nor  will  thy  heart  be 
elated  as  long  as  they  are  with  ns ;  so  dismiss 

them  from  us,  ^Jls1\  ^yb  ^\  (^jL^^db 

9jl\  \djb  ^  f^^  cXJ  Ls^V^i 


Z^ 


»  > 


Ascend,  v,  Jjl^  sa^,  ^JL  tHi^. 
Ascendant,  ^U^  tdli^.     A  constellation 

of  a   happy  ascendant,    ^^yu*^^  ^U? 

^Ux«!\  tdli^  mas^ad  al  matdli^ 
Ascension,  «.  (of  the  Lord  Jesus),  Ju£ 

J^^\  ^id  asaa^d. 
Ascending,  part  ascensive,  «JIL  ^i^. 
Ascent,  Jyu0  sa^iid. 

Ascertain,  v.  ^jAs>^  hakkak. 
Ascertainment,  ^j^SeasT  tahhk. 
Ascertained,  adj\  fjAs^  muhakkak,  z*/*^ 

ma^Hm. 
Ascertaining,  «.  JniLsr  tahkik. 
Ascetic,  8.  *\lb\j  zdhid. 
Asceticism,  8.  LjjJb  jj^;l\  ^\^\  ifrdtat^ 

%ahd  hiddinniyd. 
Ascititious,  Jjjj  tdyid,  »^  ^lawah. 


ASP 


(499) 


ASS 


Ascribe,  «.  <._,~i<J  naui,  ii\i^\  ittUld, 

m 

ijf\»*a*kr  takhtHs. 
Ascription,    ascribing,    t.    jlx^il   itndd. 

Ascription  of  praise,  »f^^**^  ioMk. 
Ashamed,  ^HL^  i&Aa/Tan.  To  be  ashamed, 

^Jj^  hhijd.    Be  not  ashamed,  for  thon 

hast  become  mj  brother :  recite  then  the 
TeneSy  since  they  pleased  me  when  I  heard 
them  from  thee  as  tnon  recitedest  them  at  the 
door.    So  upon  this  the  porter  recited  to  him 

those  verses,  ,tfS>>l  CJ^  *j:.^  U  ^^^*Jj\ 

Ashes,  jt^  ramdd.  Of  the  colour  of 
ashes,  i^*^^j  ramddl,  ^Jjj  s^  Jcdhwa 
ringhl.  Ashes  of  alkali  used  by 
bleachers,  |^1^^  tuhndn. 

Aahore,  J^Lj  «dAt7,  jJiS  ^J  yt  aJhar. 

To  go  ashore,  ^1  ^\  i..^J  tahaba 
M  albar. 
Ashy  (coloured),  _jI^Ui  «m;a5l. 

Aside,  «-i^  ^Jlc  ^o^'  toro/l 

Asinine,  k^j<^^>'  himdrl. 

Ask,  9.  wttu..?!  istafham,  j^JcmA  ittafsar, 

J'L  mW,  k-JJ?  toM. 
Ajsker,  «.  L^lt  ^d/i^. 
Askew  (obliquely),  uJ^  w«  ma^taraf. 
Asleep,  JU  ndym.   To  fall  asleep,  ^^m 

na^isa.    To  be  asleep,  /b\j  noma. 

Aslope,  JjU  tndyl. 

Asp,  «.  (JL^L^l  C^^  malik  al  hayy&U 

Asparagus,  ^y^  hUyoon, 

Aspect,  i^y  tcqjhfja:^  manzar.  Of  a 
bad  aspect, ^lax«l^  Jj^  karlh  al  tnantar. 
The  present  aspect  of  affairs,  ixJt 
i^\J\  Jl^Jl.  The  trine  aspect  (of 
two  planets),  <^i..JdJ  ^ft«.  Thequar- 
tile  aspect,  f^J  tarhlc.  The  sextile 
aspect,  ^^Ju*J  iasdls. 


A8perity,£yu^ilAtMAflna^,  ^"ie^yhildtat 
Asperse,  f^.  (to  sprinkle),  ^j  rash. 
Aspersion,  \j:j\  iftird,  ^JH^J  tarshuh. 
Asphaltite  Lake  (The),  ^jijssr  hahr  lot. 
Aspirant,  s.  c^U?  tdlib,  aJI/s  mukttitn, 

A6pirate,v.  (to  pronounce  with  full  breath), 
^UuAJ  Jio  Iflil  lafaz  htkol  nafatho. 

Aspiration  (an  ardent  wish),  JuoS  hni, 
^jL  gharad. 

Aspire,  v.  c,,Jilg  tcidb.  [/b^flft. 

Aspirer,  <•  iJ^^  yjf^  i*^^   ^\}  ^ 

Asquint,  €^.   J^^  ahoaX  (fem.  S^ 

Ass,  «.  jU^^  AimAr.  A  she-ass,  2rjUk>. 
himdra,  ^\j\.  A  wild  ass  (onager), 
^M*^  jUb»-  hmdr  wahshh 


Assail,  f^.  ^»js:^  hqfam,  L-^«3Juf  ^ibfd. 
Assailable,  ilJlc  /*>?^^  u;^^*^^  mumkm 

Assailant,  assailer,  «.  JjU^  mukdiH, 
Assassin,  «.  JjIj  kdiH,  Jui  hattdl. 
Assassinate,  i^.  J:J  ^a^. 
Assassination,  J:i  i^/. 
Assault,  «.  ^^^  yfirtM^,  i^^^s:^  hujum. 
Assault,  V,  j^  haj'am. 

Assay,  t,  (of  metals),  jLa  ^ydr. 
Assay,  v.j^  ipyyor,  cl^  hak. 
Assay er,  s^j^^^^^  mu^yir. 

Assemblage,  «.  ^^^  jam^  All  hearts 
torn  towards  it,  as  though  it  were  formed  oat 
of  an  assemblage  of  them,  v»,Ji  JJls 

Assemble,  v.  (bring  together), 
yama^.  To  assemble  an  army, 
^^Cm*£  jama^  ^kar. 

Assembled,  9y^^^  majmH^.    And  the 

passengers  were  assembled  to  eat  and  drink, 
and  play  and  sport ;  bnt  while  we  were  thus 
engaged,  lo !  the  master  of  the  ship  called  out 

in  his  loudest  voice,  tjL 


ASS 


(500) 


ASS 


Aesembly,  <.  JlcU^  jamd^atf  ^/Jusr^ 
majlii,  ^iff^A^  jami^.  An  assembly 
of  nobles,  L^t  f:'^'^  mo^ina^  umard. 

Assent,  J^  kabul^  \jj  ridd,  iAi\y$ 
muwdfakat. 

Assent,  v.  ^^  ktbd,  ^jij\  iUafak.    So 

•  if  thou  assent  to  that  which  I  have  asked  of 
thee,  thon  wilt,  0  King  of  the  Age,  hare  pat 
the  thing  in  its  proper  place;  and  if  thou  De- 
have  wiui  pride  towaias  as,  thon  treatest  as 
not  equitably,  nor  punuest  with  us  the  right 

way,  ^^  viXJL  U  ^\  ts^^-^l  J^ 

^/jUj  IxJlx:  cu^U;  J^  il^ 

Assert,  v.  jj^  karrary  ^j  ta^cm. 

Assertion,  affinnation,  \j^  ihrdr,  jj^Ju 
tahrlr,  j^s^J  %a^. 

Assertive,  adf.  vJUj\  tshdti. 

Assertively,  a^.  cIL^LjIj  hitshdt, 

Assertor,  >ctj  %d^m,  Jjli  kdyd. 

Assessment,  ^\js>-  khardj,  ij  >-  jomUU, 

Assessments,  i^^iJlC  takdhf. 

Assessor,    a.    (to    adjudge),    15^^ 

Asseverate,  ^^auAj  ^J  »a^m  bikaiom, 
Asservation,   j^  kasam,  ^^^  yamJn, 

Assidaity,  JjL2i  «Af^^/,  JuiD  tahkyld. 

Assiduousness,      i^^d^     tnuddwamat, 

iJ^\y^  muwdzahat. 
Assiduous,  k^^\y  muwdzibf  ^^\j^.  To 

be  assiduous,  aJ)  lasam,  l.^^^  wdzah. 
Assiduously,  JLfel^  Jij  hikol  muujazibat. 
Assign,  V.  ^j^  i^yyan,  i  ja^ai^  khoMosa. 


Assignable,   ^JiifC^\  ^J^^^^  mumkin  at- 

ta^yln. 
Assignation,  9.  (appointment  to  meet), 

iflSUI  Jx^  mauf^ad  al  nnddkdL 
Assignee,  8,  ,J^  ioa^L 
Assigned,  ^^^^tc^  muta^ayyin. 
Assignor,  «•  ^j^j^  mu^ayyin. 
Assignment,  ^j^^  ta^yin,        [jatMaa. 
Assimilate,  9.  ajLSi  ghdhah,  ^jmJIs^  to- 
Assimilated,     adf,     ^luu/t      mushdhih, 

^^\js^  mufdnis,  [tam^l. 

Assimilable,  ^J«2UAlf  (J^^^^^  mumkm  at- 
Assimilation,  f^^JuJ  ta9hblh,fJ^^i^ianUiL 

Assist,  V.  JxLi  td^ad,  ^lc\  a^dn.    Wben 

the  Khaleefeh  saw  it,  he  felt  its  weight,  and 
found  it  to  be  heayy ;  and  he  gave  a  nimdred 
pieces  of  gold  to  the  fisherman,  who  went 
away ;  whue  Mesroor,  assisted  by  Jaafkr,  took 
up  the  chest,  and  oonyeyed  it,  in  company 
with  the  Khaleefeh,  to  the  palace,  where  they 
lighted  the  candles,  and  placed  the  chest  bdbre 

tbe  Khaleefeh,  ^Uu^  ^a^\  ijoj  Uli 

crH  J^**-^-^'  ^^jy  ^j^\  \jj3^\s 

Assistance,  ^Ul  i^dnat,  JJ^  tnadad,  ^^ 

^awn.     And  when  they  saw  Saleh  in 

this  state,  they  said  to  him.  What  is  the  news? 
He  therefore  told  him  his  story.  And  it  was 
his  mother  who  had  sent  them  to  his  assistaDoe, 

yii  U\J\  v^XL;  Jx  y U  \^]j  Uli 

Assistant,  <.^^U^  mu-JSLwinf  ^jfJt^  mu^n. 

Assistants,  ^^^\  a^wdn. 

Assistant,  assistingipor/.  ^jU^  mtf^dirtu, 

Assisted,  adj,  tXcLu^  muadcod. 
Assize,  (court  of  justice),  iJljJ!  u^iL*^ 
dlwdn  al  ^addlat. 


ASS 


(SOI) 


AST 


Asaizer,  «•  ^ji^^J^^  n&air  al  mUdn. 

Associate,  v.  ^\j  r&fak^  kl/;Ll  ahdrak, 
jJii\e.  ^hara.  I'^^j^  aharlk. 

AHHOoiate»  «.  ^J^j  raflk,  ^^^^^>Xa  s&hib, 
Associate,  associated,  ^j^S^  mukdrin. 
Association,  i^ij  rifhUy  ^Ls^.  tuhbai, 
Assonance,  s,  ^s:^  Mj^^  ^IS  Jcdfiyah, 

Assort,  v,a.  u-^^  toaddaba. 
Assorted,  adj.  i^^^^y  mHwaddah. 
Assorting,  i^^j.^y  tawdlh. 

Assuage,  ir.  ^^^  ioikanf  ^J^  layyany 
f^JJb  hadda\  [.i:fii^  iafyln. 

Assuagement,  ^^^S^  iatbn,  .]U1  iaklh, 
Assnager,  «.  J^^^  muitth, 

AasoasiTe,  ^Jj^^  mulayyin. 

Assume,  v.  dJ>^\  aikhm,  J^a^l  aUakhoBf 

j\::S^\  tktar;    (to  daim),  UjI  ;    (to 

presume),  ^J^  saim. 

Assumer  (arrogant  man),  jj^/^  ma^hrHr, 
JJic^  muiiabhir.  [mutkabhir. 

Assuming,  part.  j^Jf^  magh/iur^  jr"^^^ 

Assumption,  J^l  akhut^  c\atr\  %Uikh&%^ 
jLi^l  ikhtiydrm 

Assumptive,  'aj>^\  \^^^oA^  wdjtb  uPakki, 

Assurance  (certainty),  (j^ao^*  tahklk, 
^^j^  yakin;  (trust),  t2\JK:s\  t^tkdd, 

JKjI   titikdl;    (intr^idity),  i*\jsri 
(testimony),  ijlfl  shahddaii  (promise), 
J^  laa^d'f  (insurance),  ^l«\  amdn. 
Assure,  v.  (promise),  «Xe^  wa^ad^  JfJ 
ta^ahhad;  (to  remore  doubt  or  fear), 

cS\  akkad. 

Assured  (indubitable,  certain),  jJU 
mukarrar,  ^jAs:^  muhakkak,  ^jIul^ 
laa^kLm*  [jTI  haktkat. 

Assuredly,    lss}&^  iohtham,  ijuAA\^ 


Assuredness,  (j^^s^ar  tahklk. 

Assurer,    <•    ^^/!^    mutamminy    Jui^ 

)i\jjyuJi\  kafU  at9ikartdh. 
J^Jisuiing,  adj.  JidL*  mudkhid. 
Assyria,  j.  ^ji^  al^dk.  . 

Ajrteism, «.  A  jJl^l /%iJl  ^L^U;  ^«^l  J^^ 

Asterisk,  f.   ijLlt  ithdrat,  JjJ  A^^ 

Asthma,  ^j^iiJl  j;^  <^ifc  asmafu. 
Asthmatical,  ssthmatic,  ^^m^aJI  ^J^^  day^ 

yek  atmafm. 
Astonish,  v.j^  ha/yyar^  c^^y^  i^ijab. 

Astonished,   ^j^^  hoyrdn, 
fMd^ajjib.     To  be  astQuished, 

tahayyar^  Cy-^y*^  ia^ab.    When  the 

Prince  beheld  this  damsel,  he  wondered  ex- 
tremely at  her  loyelinees,  and  was  astonished 
by  her  beauty,  the  redneas  of  her  cheeks,  and 

the  blackness  of  her  hsaT,j^^\  4^|^U1» 

vy^      '•    •         ••         •    •       •••  • 

\^J^  ijAD^^  lfu*C>-  ^J1^^  l^U>- 

Astonishing,  pirt*j0^  muhayyir. 
Astonishment,  ij^^hayrat,  v.--'^^  ^<;;i^^i 

^^%fi^  ta^vhy  i^\jc^\  iattyhrdh. 
Astral,  y^ff  tkffuml. 
Astray,  JU  (te/.     To  go  astray,  9-y£^ 

As^&MM**!!  cM^^  c;^'    ^0  ^^^  astray, 

JU\  idldl,  jLj\  t/tfd^;. 
Astringency,  astriction,  ^^^  ibii. 
Astringent,  ^IS  ito^u^. 
Astringent,  «.  ^li  kdhid. 
Astrography,  (•^^f  ^^  ftf^y^  anmtfutrtp 

\,^^0^^\  jjyoj  taiwUr  ai  hMdkih. 
Astrolabe,  f^JoJi  oitroldhe.        [/am. 
Astrolatiy,  a,  (^y?^^  ij\^  ^ddat  annu- 


ATO 


(502) 


ATT 


Astrologer,  «.  *jsi«  wnauffiwt. 
Astrological,  ^^najimX,  JjUf^jc^ 

Astrologize,  v.  ^sf*  najjjmm. 
Astrology,  a^^^^  ^fmn  atUt^m. 
Astronomer, «.  (Ii3L9  Ajt^wm^imfaUk, 
Astronomy,  Cflilt  Jie  ^m  dlfaldk. 
Astronomical  table,  «•  Jj«Xs»- /isiiMi^. 
Astute,  Oj.JL.  makk&r,  ^  J^  iksidd^. 

Astutely,  €do,J^  limabr. 
Astuteness,  yL«  mdkr. 
Asunder,  ^]^li  hianjirddm. 
Asylum,  s,  j]U  flui^&t,  Isr*  majfa.     A 
lunatic  asylum,  UuJt^\ J  ddr  athtkifil. 
At,(Lj,^J^^\^^.   AtfiaUlength, 

J:^.dfislt  ^Jlc  ^tfitf*  aitafilL    At  the 

iiYer,^1jLxe.    At  liand,^l^  Adilfr. 

At  no  time,ybJiSt  J^  tal  addahr.  Not 

at  all,  jLt  oft/bfi.     At  present,  ^SU- 

AdiZsfi.     At  first,  %\  awwalmu 
Atabal  (a  kind  of  Arabian  drum  or  tabor), 

JU^t  atbah 
Ate  (preterite  of  eat),  I  ate,  (j:J^» 
Atheism,  jWl  iOidd,  iJ^Jj  wanddkat. 
Atheist,  $,  *Xar^  mulhid,  ^^JJj  lUMdik. 
Atheistic,  atheistical,  o^f.  v^jWI  Mddl, 
Athei^e,  v. a,  aUI  J^^j\ij\  tnkdrtoujnd 

tOah. 
Athirst,  j^luuke  ^atthdny  (JJlc  ghdtlh 
Athlete,  ^^^  pahkuodn,  ^jto^  mu- 

sdri^m 
Atlas  (a  rich  silk),  ^jjitt  o^faa. 
Atmosphere,  lyb  hawd,  \^\  If  hurrat 

alhmod.     See  Air.  [jfatafaua. 

Atom,  «.  Uji  %arra,   Sj^  J^  yts«/a 
Atomism,^^\^  JU!tc;...%^i.^^Jb«X« 

J^l  mos^  ^oribift  al^lam  mm  ajjaio 

hand  mufrad. 


Atone,  9.  i^Jjfad^9yucm^\  idagfar. 
Atonement,  ij\a^  iajarat,  c-;y  Jit  i;U^ 

Atony,  «.  la^^  irtHhd,  i^Jjuo  du^. 
Atrsbilarian, «.  ^  J^  l^>^*wI^  tdkib  iowdd . 
Atrabilarious,  a^'.  ^^t  Ju^  siiBiri. 
Atrabilariousness,  1. 1 J^  uwdd. 
Atrocious, jj^  i^orir,  ^^^Ll  «Aai^,  ^j.v,l 

iAarI^,  j^JkC  ghadddr. 
Atrocity,  JuU^  t^nd^o^. 
Attach,  9.  (join  together),  ^jJi  loiok; 

(arrest),  ^jo^  iahad.     And  thus  she 

ooaftmiied  to  set  in  this  way  imta  the  ez|nn- 
tioii  of  the  leoond  year,  while  I  patie&tlj 
saSeted  her,  and  did  not  attach  any  vaioe  to 

what  she  was  doing,  \jJb  ,Jx  ^Jjp  J« 

Attachment,  ^L^t  tttudi;  (affiectioD), 
Jukr*  mahMat. 

m 

Attack,  «.  A^  %te,  i^UUt  fttOdfli. 
Attack,  9.  AiB^  hajam. 
Attacked,  oijf'.  ^lJl£  (^y^  makfUm  akuki. 
Attacker,  s.  A>*lib  A4^si. 

Attain,  9,  J^^i»-  hatsal,  JU  no/.  Enow 
that  mr  story  ia  wondeifiil :  and  I  will  iafenn 
thee  01  all  that  happened  to  me  before  I  at- 
tained this  prosperity,  and  sat  in  tlus  place 

wherein  thou  seest  me,  Zai  ^  ^\  Jx\ 

Attainable,  (>a^  guUahattal*  * 

Attained,  ^J^Iucu  miUahaital* 
Attaining,  jpar#.  JiU  iii!yt7,   v,y  >^Mir.C>» 

muktasibp  J«acr^  miiAaMtT. 
Attainment,  Jj^rfyiT  ^aA«l/,  c^LmS^I  til- 

titdh,  J^-<3^  AimA/. 
Attempt,  «.  ^^a.ri  «a^f,  J^  jad, 


ATT 


(503) 


AUD 


Attempt,  V.  Jw33  katsad,  Jcf-  jad,  ^yt^ 

AttamptabIe,_«AJ1  c^-^l^  wdjiboiBa^U 

Attend,  v.   (be  present),  yio^^  hadar ; 

(aenre),  fniS^hhadam'^  (listen),  w42^f 

utama^;  (to  be  busied  aboat),  ^}xJlj\ 
imhagKah 
Attendance  (service),  Z^J^  khuhnat ; 
(train,  retinae),  jA>^  hatham. 

Attendant,  attending,  ]dy»^  munUt, 
Attendant,  8.  aJI^  khddim,  ^\j  i&h*^. 
Attendants,  ^\f  tawdht^,  eLjt  athd^, 


hawdthi.  [mdm. 

Attention,  {jJ\ji>-\  tkiirdt,  i*tcJb1  ihti" 

Attentive,  oL^  MK^yoUts,  Oui^  mii- 

kayyad,  \tadk^h. 

Attentively,  Ju£U  httakyld,  JIJjcj  &f- 

Attennate,  v.  j;ij  rahkak,  ^-ihl  /a^^. 
Attenoant,  uJkLt  mulattif.       [horror* 
Attest,  r.  liuwjI  mAo^,  j^  ahehed,  jji 
Attest,    attestation,     SjlfSi    shahddai, 

Attire, «.  ^j  %ayyan,  ^j»k^  ialbu.  She 

then  aroie,  and  attired  henelf  in  tbe  meet 
magnificent  of  her  apparel,  and  having  per- 
Aimed  herself,  and  slung  on  my  own  sword, 
opened  the  doon  of  the  palace,  and  went  ont, 


^jkfj  \i,\Jiji*\  .i^j  c=-^l5  jj 


Attire,  iiJj  %liuU,  fmgj\y^  aswdh* 
Atiirer,  ».  ^J^  tmaayyin. 

Attorney,  ».  (^^  waM.  An  attomey- 
atr\&w,\yc^\  i^^iffoMladda^wd.  To 
act  as  an  attorney,   J^y    tawakkol* 

To  appoint  an  attorney,  Jd^  wakkal. 
Attorneyship,  il^j  iffakdlat. 
Attract,  V.  (draw  to  something), 


joMob  i  (to  allure),  LJf^\  Lm^Ss^jalah 

alkulub. 
Attracting,  attrahent,  (»J jl>- ydsiS. 
Attraction,  im^d^  jaiA,  c^is^l  utij- 

Idh,  (^\ssfr\  inftidh. 
Attractive,  c«> jU^  jdztb,  k^\>'  jdlih ; 

(alluring),    LmJ^\  c^l>-  jdlih   al 

kidub.     An  attractive  quality,  iyi\ 

iJi[jp\  al  kuwftat  aljdlibai. 
Attractively,  (m^\ssfr\j  hiinjisM. 

Attractor,  ».  ^JJ^-y^sf9• 

Attribute,  v,  j^^mj  ntuah,  ^jitl  atlak, 
X»^\  oinad. 

Attribute,  <•  iLa  at/at  (pi.  d^li^  ai/dt), 
uJ«0^  waaf.  The  attributes  of  God, 
^\mj  <(Qt  ijL>\i^  aifdt  aUahta^dla\ 

Attributed,  L^ymi^  manM* 

Attrition,^liMCi«»ibwdr,  l^j\^  majdzdL 

Avail,  id^\i  fdydatf  ^aJ  ^^ 

Avail,  9.  ^a3  na/a^,  jlil  a/dia. . 

Available,  ^ jU  id^Mr,  Jui^  mufld* 

Availably,  ifjali  Jij  hiholfdydat. 

Avant-garde,  iLuJl  iU«XA^  mukkadamat 

al  ^akar» 
Avarice,  avariciousness,  J^  ^tiM/,  w«t 

tama^,  cJUm^I  imadk. 
Avaricious,  J^^aC  hakhil,  ^f^^  ahahlh. 

Auhrwif  jA*^\  aamar  (fern.  U^«i«4  aamrd). 

Auction,  j\y*  nuatdd,  ^^^^  jlj^b  i^jc 
aarrafa  Mnuadd, 

Auctioneer,  a.  J)  J  dalldh 

Audacious,  j^Mp^jaaUr, 

Audaciousness,  audacity,  gj\Mi^jaadrat. 

Audible  (that  can  be  heard),  c^^.***^ 
maamUcm  An  audible  voice,  CL^^ioi 
cjAmu^  ^J{c  hiaawt  ^dli  ffiaamiJL^. 

Audience  (sense  of  hearing),  ^j^^  aama^, 
c\ASmA  iatmd^.  An  audience,  ^/J^sr* 


AVE 


(504) 


Aira 


The  audience  of  an  ambassador,  C^lSLt 
:  mS^  muldkdt  id  ekhi. 
Audit,   8,   (examination   of  accounts), 

CL^bL^l  fjos^  fah$  dhisahdt 
Audit,  V.  u^Um^I  ^jAS?  fahas  alhisdh. 

Audit  office,  ^LmiUbT^I  Jj  kalam  ul  mu- 

Juisahah* 
Audition,  8,  ^Ui^L»  8dmi^iffah, 
Auditive,  adf.  ^Li  8dmi^> 
Auditor,  8.  (hearer),  lu^L  8dmi^,  ^j'i..) 

8aml^,  ^4Sm*^  mmtami^.   An  auditor 

of   accounts,    CjbL^l   ^j*^\   amin 

alh%8dhdL  [e88dmu^. 

Auditory,  «.  ^^Juk^  twylU,  ^^^^Ul 
Avenge,  v,  ^ftul  miakamm 
Avenged,  adj.  A  Jb:^  muntakam  lahu. 

Avengement^  «•  /^SsJ\  intitdm. 
Avenger,   8.    l^\x^  mu^dkib,    ftSs,i^ 

muntakim. 
Avenue,  8.  (of  trees),  j\js^\  ui-^  8af 

affdr,  fjijb  tarlk,  Chy  maurad,  j^^^ 

ma^har. 
Aver,  V,  jji  larrar,  cS\  ahkad. 
Average,  k»j^  wa8att  \eutiij:^  m%Uawa88%t 
Averment,  ».  ^J^ji  hurhdn,  JJj  dalll, 

^jIj  bai/dn.  {_dam  raghbat 

Aversation,  8.  iju  nafrat,  ^j  /♦.Xc  ^a- 
Averse   (abhorring),  jh.s^    mufanaffiff 

^j^  mu^rid,  cJllir^  mukhdltf,  Xa 

didd. 
Averse,  v.  ^jij  nafar  mm. 
Aversely,    *|^V    li-ikrdh,   liJb\J  Jij 

bikol  hardhlaL 
Aversion,  i\^\  ikrdh^  »\^^z^\  Utihrdh. 

To  have  an  aversion,  ii^c^\  istctkrah. 
Avert,  V.  ^J  daf^.    May  God  avert, 

kaddir. 


Auger,  «.  ^^1^  ma8kah. 

Aught,  ^  «Ay.     Doth  aught  remain 

in  thy  f easel  P    And  lie  nid,  Tes;   I  hare 
some  goods  in  the  hold  of  the  ship ;  but  their 

owner  was  drowned  in  the  sea,  ^Jq  (Jjb 

Augment,  augmentation,  i^^j  uijfddat, 

jb J}\  %%diydd. 
Augment,  v.  j|j  sdi,  cJl^\  oi^a/. 
Augur,  augurer,  8.  ^U?  ^d^»^. 
Auguration,  augury,  Jli/a/.        C^aft* 
August,  J-L>-yaW,  ^-^U  «awf,  ^^U 
August  (the  month  of),  4^Td^,  (jmj2^^^. 
Aviary,  i.  ^^/maS  Ao/Sm,  j^JbSl  ^/uii  io/iu 

Avidity,  ^^  tama^  u^-^  Aara«« 
Avocation,    «•    ijjyi^    mam^aiifQht 

i^ydL^  nuuhghuliffah. 
Aunt,  «.  (by  the  fiather's  side),   <Uc 

^amm^.     An  aunt  (by  the  mother's 

side),  ^U.  khdU. 
Avoid,  r.  ^^  ^'^*^  tajannah  min ;  (to 

oppose),  ^jic^  i^arad. 
Avoidable,  c-^Umj-JI  ^^yC^b^,  j^^Xl  J^J 

JSyt^  aliJUirdi. 
Avoidance,  avoiding,  C^Ui^-l,  ^iindh^ 

j|^i^\  ihtirdt,jd^  hoMar, 

Avoided,   qdf.  ^u^   U*'Jr^^  muhUtroM 

» 

mtnh,  ^****^*^  fnunfa8ikh. 
Avoider,  8,  Cy^r.iy^  mufianih. 
Avow,  r.^  itar. 

Avowable,  jI/JI  J^t-^^^i  t-wycJ!  ^1 
Avowal,  j\p\    tirar,    ^mJjjSu    ia^f, 

uJLxet  i^irdf,  ^Jwu  ta8dik. 
Avower,  «.^L«  mtiiiir,  uJpA«  mM^^ar(A 

AxLVora,  jsf  fajr,  ^w  «tfiA. 


ATJT 


(605) 


AWN 


Auspice,  JUyU.  Anspioes  (proteotion), 
4jL«i^-  himdyai^  iiXeXiM^  musd^adaL 

AnspicioaB,  Jua^  mukM,  Juiu»  #a^U, 
fJUy^  maUthni,  ^^^*  [d*n, 

AuBpioioiunesSy  JL^I  Hs^,  ijl  t>  ,.t 

AoBterei  ^jir.  ^anf/,  (jm^Ia  ^AM. 
Aasterenessy  austerity,  ^l^  i  rijfddai, 

^.yg  ^tm/i  4«1^  MrSma^. 
Austerely,  ^|^  JG  3fib/  tardmat. 
Austral,  i^y^jonubi.   See  Southern. 

Authentic,  .^b^s*^  iahlh,  ^1J\  <ull,jiAS!^ 

Authenticity,  <^*to>  halMai,  isf^  »ihai. 
Authentically,    U>>  AaiUan,  <(iX*^  JSj 

Author,  «.  (of  a  hook),  ^;«fl><  »ittaiifi(f, 

i^y  mHallif',  (an  inventor),  d^U 
bd^f  *Xp^y   mBjid,     An  author  of 
evil,  Jutei^  mn/sid.     Of  the  author 
(when  quoting  any  author),  dJiyti. 
Authoritative,  j\*}sj\  ^J    %u    iitiddr, 

Aathoritatively,^lj  ^tamr. 

Authority,  if^JJ  kudrai,  j\jsj\  iMiddrf 
S^  hukmy  ^UtaLrf  suHak  Aheolute 
authority,  ^Ji.^  J)Ui^f ;  (testimony), 

If jlf^j  $hahddat. 
Authorisation, «.  tjo^Ji  tarthU,  La:^j 

rukhBah,J}yefr  Ufwbt,  ^ jl  kn,  yjoiyO 

tafioid. 
Authorize,  v,  (give  power),  ^^fawwad^ 

^jo:^j  rakhkhiu. 
Authorized,   adf.   \jo^y   nniraJIMhas, 

^y^  mufatpwad. 
Autocracy  (independent  power))  uJ^ 

J&Um^  tagurruf  muitakik 
Autocrat,autocrator,A^ylar1j|^y\J&UHb« 


muataiil  ul  amr  wal  htikumah  (l^.^ 

Autocratic,  autocratical,  ^tSsm»\  iitiUdU, 
^Ci\d^^\  utibdddl. 

Autograph  (a  particular  person's  own 
writing),  *^o)a£L  that  yadd.  The  royal 
autograph,  u-flJ^  lasl.  thai  %hm\f. 

Autumn,  uJj[^  khofif. 

Autumnal,  tMy^  kharlfl. 

Auziliar,  ^j^U^  «iii^dflPtff,^l3  itditr. 
Auxiliary,  «.  ^j^m  mtf^ifi,  ^^U/i  m«- 

Auxiliaries,  ^L^l  anudrt  f^^\  u^wdn. 
Await,  p.  AaL">.rfl  M^ofisor. 
Awake,  i^.  <U}  fui^M,  )aSL^  ^kas.     To 
*  awake,  or  be  awaked,  ha.^-.^t  utaiyhtn. 
Awake,  bAj"«.ttfc^  mtuiaytm,  ^\;f^  takrdn. 
Awaken,  v.  a.  l^U^t  f2df. 
Awakened,  at^\  ^Uu^  mtffito5t%. 
Awakening,  t.  ]o\ai\  ikdz,  U>-\  thyd. 
Award,  v,  fjJ^  thara^,  Jl^  hakam. 

Award,  «•  ^^  thari^,  Jl>.  Auim, 
^Is^  Atf^a^,  Ldi  Jbiild.  Awards,  aI^I 

Aware, ybL»  »dhir,  laLA^. 

Away  (absent),  c^.lc  ghdyib.    To  go 

away,  c-^J  so^.     To  be  away, 

L^\e,  ghdh.   To  drive  away,  J^  foroJ. 

To  send  away,  J^l  ar«a^. 
Awe,  ^MJb  hayhat,  uJj<-  khaief,   >J^ 

te^a^,  jLcLcf  i^ihdr. 
Awfiil,  4— f^ff^  jfitfMll/*,  (ip^^^  muhtaram. 
Awfulness,  JLjb  hayhai. 
Awhile,^ Jul  ^  ^A^,    f^,    <Uib. 
Awkward  (foolish),  JjbU^/fiAi?;  (per- 

vetw),  /^y^s^  mayBhnm. 

Awl,  ^•Jj^  ftuMlftlBL 

Awless,  ^>J^^  &iZ5  hayhat. 

Awning,  «.  i^^  khaymat,  sxJ  tenda. 


BAG 


(606) 


BAI 


Awry,  0^f^  mu^tpwaf,  4/jsi^  muliawif 

^^\  a^waj. 
Axe,  8.  i^'U  faoi,  idalb  holtah.    He 

then  bought  for  me  an  axe  and  a  rope,  and 
deliyered  me  to  some  woodcutters,  and  recom- 
mended me  to  them ;  therefore  I  went  forth 
with  them,'  and  cut  wood  during  the  whole  day, 


Axiom,  «.  j^Jiflj  kd^iddhi  (evident  pro- 

podtion),  l^  kadiat. 
Axis,  «.  axle,  axle-treey  j^sf^  mihioar, 

Ay,  1^  na^am. 

Azimuth,  «.  ^UuJl  asiumaL 

Azorei  t^^UiMi  aorndtri,   i^*^jj>'^  %'- 


B. 


Baal  (the  idol),  J»  ia^ 

Babble,  «•  (jli!  ia^A.  ^Mte. 

Babble,  babbling,   f!i^\  ij^  hurat  al 

Babe,  9.  jJj  «;aW,  JaL  ^t)7.  See  In- 
fant, Child. 

Baboon,  9.  ^y^^  maymHn, 

Baby,  9.  (doll),  Lti  lu^t,  f^j  Jj^ 
tifl  radl^. 

Babyhood,  i^y!ia  iufiliyah 

Bahylon  (in  Chaldea),  JjU  BoM,  Baby- 
lon (in  Egypt),  ^^U 

Bacchanalian,  ^S^  9akrdn, 

Bacchus,  (jm^Ij  £dkho9. 

Bachelor,  9.   (unmarried  man),   <--^t 

a^jsah.  Bachelor  of  Arts,  A^l^i  U^^^ 
^jlt.  Bachelor  of  Divinity,  ^^^^ 
dJ^ybSI  Jlc.  Bachelor  of  Laws,  ^^«^^ 
^^j^\  (^}^,'    Bachelor  of  Medicine, 


Uy^hll  aLu^^jU.  Bachelor  of  Music, 

lifljNjj^ll  ijju  ^^«3t«  mdtiln  hi^ilm  al 
miUleah. 
Back,  9.  j^  %ahr.     The  back  of  the 
hand,  cJ^f^^  saAr  al  kaf.  The  ver- 
tebr»  or  joints  of  the  back  bone,  Jj^ 

j^\  khoTM  aaahr. 
Back  (again),  \^\  aydan,  ^U^  kamdn. 


Back,  f?.  (ride  a  horse),  U;-^  riil^. 
Back-bone,  9,  j^\jj>>  kkaran  aaahr, 

MP 

Back  friend,  «•  (enemy),  ^iXe  ^tf<^a. 
Backside,  9,  (anus,  podex),  J^ka^  mak^ad, 

Backsword,  «.  1^*^  9ayf,  [mifi  imw^. 
Backward,  backwards  (behind),  ^J^^J^ 
Backwardness  (arersion),  z\^z^ui%hrdk. 
Bad,^yii  thaiTTlr,  v^Jj  r«ft,  v-i-^-:*- 

}kalh\9\  (sick,  ill),  (^^  morfil. 
Badge,  «.  il^lL  ^aldnuU.  [u*lard. 

Badger,  9.  (animal),  ^joji\  ^\i^  ^dk 
Badly  (wickedly),  1^  9karran. 
Badness,  jUJ  fiuddt  i>-\J  kdbdhaL 
BafBfi,  9.  L,..>^l£fc»  kka^ah. 
Baffled,  a<^'.  i^U.  JfcAdytS. 
Baffling,  adj^  ^^f^  mukhayytb* 
Bag,  t.  ^j^  kl9,  Jl^  <;AiiAA 
Baggago»  t^LJ  iubdb,  i^\y\  atwdh, 

JUjI  iukdl. 
Bagnio,  9.  (hot  bath),  aU>-  Aammdin. 

Bail  (bondsman),  J^  kafll,  ^^^^^  da- 
mln ;  (security),  Jl^c^  muUkafil, 
Bail  for  appearance,  j^*^>-  ^U^  ia/&- 
^  hudikr.  Bail  for  the  debt,  iS^ 
JU  kufdlat  mdh  To  give  or  become 
bail,  Ji^,  JIC  ^aJb/o^.  To  take 
bail,  ^^  dbmtn.  [ib/lM. 

Bailable,    liU^t  <i^^Ht   y^to^a    «/ 
Bailiff,  «.  (officer  employed  to  cite  before 
ajudge)y«Asr^  muhd9r,^j\>-chdwi9h. 


BAL 


(607) 


BAN 


Bait  (meat  or  food),  \se.  ghaddy   m\j^ 

ta^dm,  LUy  kai. 
Baity  V,  (to  ensnare),  f^SP^  jasuib.     To 

1>ait  (at  an  inn),  iVclp  ni^fl' 
Baiting  place  (inn,  stage,  eto.),  Jj^^ 

mataal,  (J^^  tnahaU;   (amphitheatre 

for  baiting  wild  beasts),  ^^  Ju^  tntddn, 

Sij>L^  tna^akat 
Bake,  v.  (bread), J^  hhahat, 

Bakehonse,  «.  ^^fum  (pL  ^J\  afrdn). 
Baker,  t.  jUe;^  iUa^5ds. 
Balance,  «.  (scales),  ^J]ji^  m!sd»,  ^U 
kahhdn.     The  scale  or  bason  of  a 

The  tongue  of  the  balance,  ^U*^^  i^^ 
/m^h  oZ  mfsdn.  The  handle  or  eye  of 
the  balance  in  which  the  tongue  vi- 
brates,  ^^Jj^f  ^jt:^  ^in  al  mltdn; 
(equilibrium),  ^  jU^  mu^ddikU ; 
(comparison),  JUmj  toihblh,  J^^^ 
tamrlL  Balance  of  accounts,  Ju^ 
c^Lu^l  rasidalhisdh 

m 

Balance,  v.  (weigh),  ^j^  waaan. 

Balancer,  «.  ^\j^  waadn,  (JUS  iabhdnl. 

Bald,  ^Ltf\  0«2(i^,  eyf  aib-a^. 

Baldness,  ^L^  sah^. 

Bale,  <dU  hdli,  n^ji  farde,  ^Jj  rifsme. 

Bale,  V,  (bundle  up),  ^;»>  hazam. 

Baleful  (sorrowful),   (^y^^  maghmum^ 

jo^  mudir, 
Balefully,  ^  ^}ij  hikol  gham,  jjoi)  hida- 

rarin,  ^jjx^O  hinahiin, 
Balefulness,  (jyu^a^  nahs,  ijd^  mudarrat. 
Ballista,  s.  j;;U^U  manfanik. 
Balk,  V,  v_— ^  ihagyah*  To  be  balked, 

\_  '-'^^  tdkhayydb. 

Ball,  i.  if  hi/rra.    A  ball  or  bullet  (for 
fire-arms,  cross-bows,  etc.),  ^  ^fe, 


or  idflf-.  The  eye-ball,  £«X^  hadatat, 
^j^\  (^Uujf  tiMdn  o/^in,  yy  ^ii^a. 
Ball,  f.  (ballet,  dance),  ^^^  raks. 
Ballad,  8.  Lc  y^ind.       [r'^^^^  madddh. 
Ballad-maker,  ballad-writer,^^^^  $hd^, 
Ballast,   s.   L^jAi\  ij^   8aburat  ul 

markah 
Balloon,  a.  (large  ball),  ^jSli  hdloon. 
Balm  (balsam),  *mJj  hakam,  ^Uj  ^o- 

todn.  Balm  of  Mecca,  ^^^^  (^^ 
haham  tnakkdwi*  Balm  of  Oilead, 
^Jj\j>^\  M*Jj  balsam  isrdlli.      Balm 

of  Peru,  i^XJb  amL  ftoZ^am  hindl. 
Balm,  9. a.  ^^^  wj  wada^marham, 
Bahny  (soothing),  ^  loffffin;  (odorifer- 
ous), Jbi^  mm^attar. 
Balsam,  m*Jj  halum. 
Balsamic,  i<«mJj  hahami. 

Bamboo,  t,  ^\jj^  khagzardn. 

Ban,  8.  (edict),  Jl>.  hukmj^\  amr;  (a 

curse),  Lji  la^nat. 
Ban,  f?.  ^  ^^ofi. 
Banana,  <•  J^  mafM. 
Band,  s.  (tie),  ^idajjra&^a;  (union),  olasrt 

Utihdd,  jUjI  ittifdk.  Bands  (troops), 

^lyt  a/%rAf.     In  bands,  ^lyi  ^^y1 

o/t^d;  o/bd/.  A  swaddLing-band,  SpUj 
ittvtd^,     A  head-band  or  hair-band. 

Bandage  (for  a  wound),  «.  \9\jj  ribdL 
Banded,  adf.  c^J^U  muiahasuibf  Juua.^U« 

Bandit,  banditto,  (jiJsH^  ^^  ^^*^  ^^ 
tank.     Banditti,  Jj^l  ^  kutid^ 

attarikf  ^y^  hM8. 
Bandrol,  8.  (banneral),  ^ji^  handi&ra. 
Bandy,    8.    ^^}^    sawlqfdnt    ^j% 

ehukdn* 


BAN 


(508) 


BAB 


Bane  (poison),  a««  sam. 
Bane,  v.  (poison),  a<4mi  tammam. 
Baneful  (poisonous),  ama^  munm;  (de- 
structive), il^i^  muKUk. 
Banewort,  ratsbane,  ^US\  ^  9am  alfdr  \ 

(arsenic),  :^j\  tamlkh.     Wol&bane, 

dogsbane,  i-^jJf  J^^  hh&nik  otaAh. 
Bang,  9.  JUy  laimat. 
Bang,  V.  S-^  dSsrad. 

Banish,  v.  iijo  tarad,  ^Jj  nafd\   To  be 

bamsbedj  ^Jo  nuft. 

Banished,  ,Jc^  munfa\ 
Banisher,  «.  ^^^^  mumfl. 
Banishment,  djo  tard,  _i3  nafl. 
Bank,  «.  (of  a  river,  sea,  etc.)  J»-Li 
idhU,   ^l^  ihdtl;   (a  place  where 

m 

money  is  laid  up  to  be  called  for 
occasionally),     uJ)^   ^\?J    dukidn 


iorrdff  dJOJ  5afi^.      Savings'  bank, 
]^f  uXj  3anib  ul  fukara.     Bank- 
note, «.  ^^^^^  ^IS  kdymah  ioklhah. 
Banker,  s,  uJ|^  sarrdf^  ^j^  saydrif. 
Bankrupt,  «.  ^jJla^  muflit^  JT*^  ''^^~ 
«iif .  To  become  bankrupt,  ^/Jil  0/to. 
Bankruptcy,  (jM^il  tj^.  Statute  of  bank- 
ruptcy, ^^^i\  ^^^  (^\  i^fn  rmml 
al  ifldi. 
Banner,  9.  Hji*^  handiera,  ^^^  hayrak. 
Banneret,  «.  jIjjI^  hayrdkddr. 
Banns,  «•  pU  ^yoe^,  Kmj^JW  ^  iL^ 

«S^\  ^^)  tanblk  fU  hmUah  hikh9a9 

aawdj  ahhad. 

Banquet,  9,  ii\^  dtyd/at  A««Ja  fffohmat, 
A  banqueting-honse,  li\^\j\t^  ddru^d 
diydfat.  A  banqqeter  (the  master  of 
a  banquet),  ij\^\  u,'^f»>Ug  9&hih 
addiydfat. 

Banter,  «.  isfljf  tahtljat,  \jf^  %9tilmd. 


Banter,  r.  ^jib  harrqf,  ^y*  nuadh. 

Banterer,  «•  4^'fUM>n  mtM^o^l. 

Baptism,  Ju  JyiiK^  ma^mfliJia^. 

Baptist,  9.  (baptizer),  Xm^  fliUciiifiMtli^ 

Baptize,  9.  ^^^  9abagh,  <X4^  ^mnmad. 

Bar,  #.  (of  a  door),  ^/^bjO  darhd»\  (an 
obstacle),  ^L«  mdni^.  A  gold  or 
silver  bar  or  ingot,  <lC^>  9aMDat. 

Bar,  f7.  (adoor)i  Jii  kafudi  (to  obstruct), 

Barb,  <•  (horse),  15-^y^  ^^*^>^  Ai«d» 

Barbacan,  <•  j%lfJ\  («^^V^1^  S  ^^ 
tdkatfl  al  oMwdr  Jaraml  ul  joAdm. 

Barbarian,  9.  (foreigner),  %m^je>  gharih. 
A  native  of  Barbary,  i^,ji  harhmi, 
JLjLjSI  a£0^  ^adimviuudniydkt  JU? 
sc!/iiii. 

Barbarism,  barbarousness  (in  speech), 
lali  ^^<i/a^ ;  (ignorance),  ^JfSf-  jioiU. 
Gross  barbarism,  ^*^y  i^ipr  J^ 
muraikab,  Notorious  barbarism,  Uli 
^^fuMt  ^Aa&>^  nuuhhur;  (barbarity, 
cruelty),  Jio  mUm. 

Barbarous  (language),  LU^   muyklat; 

(ignorant,  rude),  Jjbl>-  jdM;  (cmel), 

JII9  tdlim;  (foreign),  i^^^jS,  yharih, 

^^am. 
Barbarity,  «•  iA»^jAi\  a  J^  ^iMlam  ulmar- 

hamah,  ^J^\  /»  Jlc  ^adum  uHumuddam. 
Barbary    (in  Africa),  ji]j>^  jatdyer. 

Barbed  (bearded),  ^JiO  ^  lahu  dakn. 
Barber.  ,.ji^A-«ai.J>,««^. 

Barber'sshopit.  ji^  ^^OduUdnkaUdL 
Bard,  9.j^\J^  9kd^.     See  Poet 
Bare  (naked),  ^^t^  ^arydn,  i^j^  idri. 
Bare,  1^.  (strip),  C^je^jairad^  ^jC  ^arra\ 
Bare-bone  (lean),  ^•r^  nahif. 


BAB 


(509) 


BAT 


Bare-fiaced  (impudent),  U>>)b  hUd  hayd, 

BarefacedoeaSi  iJ^M*^  joi&rat. 
Barefoot,   tJ'^'^   muhaffa\   U»-   hafd. 
^Li^  hafydn.  [a/rraoB, 

Bareheaded,    ij*»\J\   <— fj«u(><   fnaJuhiif 
Bargain, «.  (agreement),  Jk^f  ^hd,  jUjf 

Bargain,  v.  j^j\i  ^J^^c  ^amdl  hdM&r. 
Barge,  <.  ^ui^  safinat,  ^Jj^j  tatorak. 
Bargeman,  s,  yj^a^,  hahr%m 
Bark(of  a  tree),jjs^\^;^  htshrtdihqfar. 
Bark,  r.  (peel),  k^  ialakh^jmi  kaahshar ; 

(as  a  dog),  ,^^  ^icwa',  ^3  n^5aA. 

Barked,    bark-bared    (stript),     rj^^***^ 

nuuliLkh. 
Barker   (stripper),    JLj  ^kih;   (as  a 

dog,  etc.),  f^\j  ndhiL 
Barking,  $.  (stripping), jAi  koihr ;  (as  a 
dog),  ^  nA^A,  ^^  ta^iat. 

Barley,  j^JfJ^   sha^r,     A   barley-corn, 
ij^xJ^  aha^rat.     Pearl  barley,  ^*x^ 
jy*^  »ha^  makshUr, 
Bam,  «.  j\fj\  amMr,  (o/^  mai^Aium. 
Barometers, «.  \^\  t^jt^  mU&n  ul  hawd. 

Barometrical,  adf.  \^\  ^U^  ^^^^k^  Ifak- 

hu8  mlzdn  alhawd. 
Barometrically,  a&o,  \^\  ^U^«  llcxJ\^^ 

hi  wdntat  mHdn  alhawd. 
Baron,  a.  ^^j^,  hdron. 
Baroness, a,  ^jj^^  i\y\  amraat  ul hdritn, 
Bairacks,  U^^'iathlat,  Barrack-master, 

a,  iOluajH  ^^)^\  amln  id  kaahla. 
Barrel,  a,  ^^^ji  harmiL     A  barrel  of 

wine,  ^\^  ijs^  jarat  ahardh. 
Barren   (woman),   ^le   ^kirat,  m^ac 

Barrenness,  ^Afi  ^ukr,  ijue.  ^akdrat. 


4 
Barricade,  a.  barricade,  Jud  aadd. 

Barricade,  v.  {j**ij^  iji  ^mal  matdrU. 

Barrier,  «•  J^  aadd,  J^*Xj>-  kudud. 

Barrister,  f.i^^jJl  J^j  ioakUulda^a\ 

Barter,  ^^U^  mu^wadat,  ^  jL^  mubd' 

daiUU,  ij\sf*  tqfdratfj^^  tnatjar. 
Barter,  v.  Jjb  Iddat,^^  tdjar. 
Barterer,  *.   ^^e^U^  mu^tcid,   Jfc)U^ 

nfubdda,  J^j^j^  hdndrkdn. 
Base  (low,  mean),  ^iJ  danly  ^^J  dun, 
jf^  haMr,     Base-bom,  ^;«>Ij  walad 

%ina.     The  base  of  a  column,  id^^ 

i^y4ji\  hd^idal  al^mud,  [^aada. 

Baseless,  adf.  (jmL«\  ^  ^^  mtn  ghaylr 
Baseness^  SjU>-  hakdrat,  ^U  J  dandat, 

^Lck-  khabaaat. 
Basha,  f.  UU  Pd^AS. 
Bashful,    1^^:^^    muhtaahim.      To  be 

bashful,  ^^^srut  iataha\ 
Basnfulness,  L^  Aayd,  J^  khqfal. 
Basil  (sweet  basil),  ^^^fl<;^  rihdn. 
Basilic   (palace),  j»ai    kaar;    (a  large 

temple  or  mosque),  ^^\s^jdm%^  (pi. 

w^^^  yocrdmi^).     The  great  artery 

of  the  arm,  JuL>V  ^^^^' 
Basilisk,  a.  (serpent),  ^^^\  af^\ 

Basis,  (jmL»1  0Md«,  isc\i  (pi.  Jic^y). 
Basket,^.  Jumo  m^ok^,  J^J  son^I/,  ^Uu«»  «<i^. 
Bason,  «.  c:.»%o«Vy  ^ttf A^.    The  bason  of  a 

fountain,  tjo^  hawd,  iSji  harkat  (pi. 

l1^  burak). 
Bastard,  a.  ^j  jJ^  traZoif  smd. 
Bastard  or  bastardize,  9.  jjcj  handak. 
Baste,  r.  (beat),  c«i^  (i<ira^« 
Bastinado,  v.  S-^  (ferai. 
Bastion,  *.  ^y  iwr;'  (pi.  ^^^  Wfi/), 

^^^Lisb  hdation,  ^IL  tdliyah, 
Bastioned,  a<^'.  CL'L*^'  <0  /aAti  tdhiydt 
Bat,  «.  (animal),  l^^jls;^  watwdU 


BAT 


(510) 


B£A 


Batable,  adj.  ^U**  ^  fih  munasa^tkh. 
Bate,  9,  c  j^  niwa^,  ^^U^  mu^radah% 
Bate,  v,a.jKJi\  Jj3  lunsso/  Mm^r. 
Bath,  9.  (hot),   |*U^  Aammdm.     The 

keeper  of  a  hath,  _^l4>.  Kammaml. 

And  when  it  was  morning,  the  King  and  his 
nncle  entered  the  bath,  and  washed  themselree; 
then  they  came  forth,  and  drank  some  wine, 
and  the  attendants  placed  before  them  the 
food,  and  the  King  and  his  nncle  ate  until 
they  were  satisfied,  and  washed  their  haiids, 

cl^l  Jilj*  (•Uyi  j*|ijj\  ^  ^^j5^ 

Bathe,  v.  ^J^  gha9dl. 

Bathing,  J^  ^^7,  JLjlcI  %gMi9dl, 

Bating  (excepting),  ^  ^^ayr,  Ij^U 
md^ada.  [kaiihul  ma'mUritfah. 

Baton,  9.  Lxe   cMd,  Jb  t»^  Ull  c—'^oni 

Battalia,  ^.^^i  uJLa^  ma«d/  al  harh 
To  draw  np  an  army  in  battalia,  s^^La 
u^&.0  ^yua  L^ysrJJMAfiS  9af  al  ^kar 
lU  harh  9ufufan  mfufan. 

Battalion,  «.  C^  hdnik.  The  colonel 
or  commander  of  a  battalion,  \J^j^ 
m\r  aldy. 

Batten,  v.  (make  fat),  ^^^Ama  9amman ;  (to 
become  fat),  ^jAi^  9emen. 

Batter,  v.  (J^^  9ahak,  j  J  dak. 

Battering,  «.  ^jLo^  mtMddamah,  ^Ju^ 
9adtnah,  A  battering- train,  ^itX^ 
j^l^l  madafi^  tU  muhd9arah. 

Battering-ram,  9,  ^^^jXagVs  man/Vmli^. 

Batter  (paste),  ^^;:j«^  ^o/fn. 

Battery,  9,  ^\j^  tnaddfi^,  ^U?  tdbiyah. 

Battle,  «.  L-^  AarJ,  Jlsi  kitdl,  A 
field  of  battle,  ^j^\  ,^1ju^  mli^n 
a/  harh.  Battles,  c^*,^  Atiril5, 
CL^b^Lsr*  muhdrahat.  A  sea  battle, 
rJl  Jl:;i  katal  al  hahr. 


Battle-axe,  9.  yj»}^fst9^  ^dsL  haUaik. 

Battlement,  Jlmoj  faiil.  The  battle- 
ments of  a  castle,  ij^\  ^J^Moi  ySui^  al 
kal^ai* 

Battology,   •.  aLst*^  ^  j^lfll^^ 

foibir  «/  kaldm/t  ghyr  muhallik. 
Bawdy,  adf.  ^^^^A^'\i /ahM,       [_fdhuk. 
Bawdily,   adp.   ^J*^^\i  ^yj    hinaw^ 

Bawdinesa,  «.  ijt»\^  fahd9hat. 
Bawdy-honae,  <•  jj*fc^*l^\  c-^lC^t  J.*^ 

mtf^/  irtikdb  ulfawdhMh. 
Bay,  «.  (of  the  sea),  .^^  Ma^'.     The 

bay-tree  (laurel),  jU  ghdr. 
Bay,  9.  ^  fM^oA. 

Bayonet,  «.  ^  >>-  harhai,  ^J^y^  «u»lf. 

Be,  v.  ^l^  kdn.  Be,  tinp.  ^  hun.  Con- 
sider what  thon  beholdest,  0  man ;  and  be  on 
thy  ^^nard  before  thou  departest ;  and  prepare 
provisions  from  thy  good  actions,  that  thon 
mayest  enjoy  them':  for  eyery  dweller  in  s 

house  shall  leave  it  and  depart,  ^)J^^ 

Beach,  9.  Ji>-L»  9dhU  (pi.  ^J.^^^  mtrd- 

Beacon,  9.  ^Ic  ^aldmat,  ij\:>^  mandraU 
Bead,  «.  ijj^  kkaramt.    A  string  of 

beads  (a  rosary),  ^^^u*^  nuulahai* 
Beak,  «.  (of  a  bird),  ^Ux^  mtn^r. 
Beam  or  ray  of  light,  9,  cU^Ca  9hu^d^. 

Sanbeams,  ^^maJ^\  eUil  «^^4^  mA- 

Beam,  9.  ^^^ti  9ha^ha^, 

Beaming,  beamy,  w«ll  /dm»^,^^i^  mamlr. 

Bean,  9.  d^jl  luhiyah,  J^  /f^/.     Bean- 
pods,  t^yij6^  kharnuh. 
Bear,  t;.  (carry),  J^»b>-  hamal;  (to  saffer), 

faioTi  Ji^ar  tahammal.    To  bear 


BEA 


(611) 


BEG 


loss,  jM*:>^  hhatar.     To  bear  away, 
^  J  dafa^t  To  bear  arms,  Ji^  J^4i>- 

hamdl  iHdh,      To  bear  firuit,  (J<4k>- 
hamaltyilj\  atmar.    To  bear  an  office, 
tafkusab.  To  bear  the  expense, 
iharaf,  LJ^  saraf.    To  bear 
company,  ^\j  rdfai.     To  bear  an 

affection,  c^-^'v-  ^»  (JA^  ^hek,  JU 
md/.   To  bear  up  against,  a>^\j  kdtoam, 

i^U^  hkdlaf.  To  bear  patiently,^^ 
M^or.  To  bear  witness,  «Xfl  ihehed. 
Bear,  «.  ^^J  dub.  A  sbe-bear,  ^ J  c^- 
hah.  The  constellation  of  the  Greater 
Bear,  j^i\i^Ji\al  dub  aldkbar.  The 
Le8serB6ar,ytitfll\  ^.^  jJl  aldub  d&Bghar. 

Beard,  «•  ^U^  lihyat  (pi.  <<^)»  ^;!«^ 
dahan,  [dakn. 

Bearded,  ^us'^J  sfl  Zf%a^,  ^J4!  £0^ 

Beardless,  J^l  amrad. 

Bearer,  «.  (porter),  JU>.  hammdl.  The 
bearer  of  a  letter,  c^yiiLJl  J^U- 
Adm«7  al  maktub. 

Bearing  (situation  of  one  place  in  respect 
to  another),  ^^^  mawda^;  (suffer- 
ing, j^  tabur. 

Beast,  «•  f^^^t^  haywdn  (pi.  iZj\j\^^ 
ha^wdnSt),  <Um|j  bahlmat  (pi.  ^l^ 
bahdltn).  A  wild  beast,  ^^^u^»-j  ira^A 
(pi.  lA^^  wahush).  Beasts,  <^)^fc3 
dawdb.     See  Cattle. 

Beastly,  ^c"^^*^  wahshl,  a**^  3aA{i»;  (las- 
civious),  ^Ji^ysfdlush;  (nasty), 


najis. 
Beat,  V,  (strike),  f^^  darab.  To  be 
beaten,  ^-ya3\  tninrad.  To  beat  (con- 
quer), ^ 'X  r  ghalabtjUo  %afar,j^  kahar. 
See  Vanquish,  Overcome,  Subdue.  To 
beat  back,  ^  J  dafa^.  To  beat  down, 
kharab.  To  beat  up  (attack  sud- 


denly),   fjB^  hajam.     To  beat  (mix 

ingredients),  )c^j^  khaUU. 
Beat,  <•  <0^  lifirr^a^. 
Beaten,  L^^j>d^  madrUb. 
Beater,  s.  f^J^  ddrib. 
Beating,  part.  f-r^j\^  ddreb.      [mat^iid. 
Beatific  (happy),  cl/;U;«  mubdrak,  Oyu^^ 
Beatifically,  if  jliuo  J^  bikol  sa^dat. 
Beatiffcation,  beatitude,  S  jUm»  ta^ddat^ 

j-j^  tuba*. 

Beatify,  v.  a.  LmJ^  tawwaba. 

Beating,  «.  <^-y^  darb,  ^diJ  kaOah.  To 
give  a  beating,  <d:J  ^4^1  at^mahu 
hsUa.  To  have,  to  get,  to  receiye  a 
beating,  i^  J^t  akala  katla. 

Beaver,  «•  Uif  u^Jl^  kalb  al  md. 

Beauteous,  beautiful,  (J<^4^y<0ltf^|  ^^/ma^ 
^a»,  L^jio  sari/,  u,gjVil  /a^ff. 

Beauteously,  beautifully,  J^^*^  J^ 
bikol  jamdl. 

Beautifulness,  beauty,  ^;m*»-  husn,  JU^ 
jamdl.     Incomparable  beauty,  ^jm*^- 

jJa)  ^t«  hu9n  mdlaho  nai&lr.    The  boy 

ceased  not,  with  increase  of  age,  to  increase 
in  beauty  and  loveliness,  until  his  afe  became 
fifteen  yean ;  and  he  was  incomparable  in  his 
perfect  beaaty,  and  his  stature,  and  his  just- 
ness of  form  and  shape,  jJ^l  Jjj  *Jj 

J  J\  "lU^^  \L^  ^\  i^k?.  ^^^Jl 


jJljCxlj  *j5j  AiU^  ^ 


Beauty,  «.  (a  lovely   woman), 

ijyA\fjamilat  assurat,  [Decorate. 
Beautify,  v,  ^j  tayyan.  See  Adorn, 
Beauty-spot,  «.  JUl  khdly  LtU)  »hdmat. 

Becafico,  «.  ^^j^Sj^uas-  ^asfur  attln. 
Becalm,  v.  ^^Xm)  sakkan. 
Becalmed,  adf.  ^La  $dkin,  ^jcXib  hddl. 
Became^  preterite  of  Become.    It  became, 
j\^  edr.    And  the  fisherman  became 


BEE 


(512) 


BEQ 


the  wealthiest  of  the  people  of  his  age.    His 
sons  heoame  princes,  and  nis  daughters  became 

the  wives   of  kings,  jL^oi   jU^\^ 

Becaase,  J^t  Itanna.  Because  of  thati 
or  on  that  account,  C^jJ  Ikalek,  ^^ 
lI^J  J^l  min  qfl  futlek,  C^  jli  /o^- 
suxlek.  Because  of  this,  or  on  this 
account,  \i^  Ithazd.  [itafaka. 

Bechance,   v.  n.  C^A'^-   hadosa,  fjiu\ 
Beck,  <•  beckoning,  iJJL\  ishdrat,  ijAx- 

gham%at. 
Beck,  beckon,  v.  j\Ji»\  a»?*dr,jAx^phamaz. 
Become,  v,  (fit  or  suit),  jJ  /aib,  c^^^l) 
ndtah.  [^S  ^yiit. 

Becoming  (suitable),  l^..^^  m«nAMi(, 
Becomingnes8,^y0sar4/*a^,&\y  latafaU 
Bed,  «.  ^1^  ^d«A  (pi.  ^ji^  fwTBh). 
To  make  a  bed,  ^j5  faratih.     A  bed- 
maker,  i^\j5  farrdsh.  A  manufacturer 

of  beds,  J^A^  fMmajjid, 
Bed-chamber, «.  it>yJl  Lc^  ouiat  annawm. 

Bed-sheet,  wA^^^^<A«/(pl.s*J^  ' 

ehar&thif). 
Bedrid,  ^]/lt  ^^1?  ^{^  afir&9h. 
Bedstead,  «.  cr^o^  toilA^ 
Bed-time,  ^yi\  <uLi  «d^(i^  annawm 

Bedabble,  v.  bedaub,  CJp  fauwM. 
bedaub  with  gold,  ^U?  ^a^'. 

Bedaubed,  i^jt^  tnulawwM. 
Bedlam,  ^Is^^U  m&ristdn, 

Bedrop,  v.  oaj  nakkat 

Be-dwarf,  v,  (make  little),  Jt.^  saghghar. 

Bee,  «.  ^iLa^  fmA/i  (pi.  J^  nahl). 
Beehive,  «.  J^\  ^1^  kawarut  id  naM. 
Beeswax,  ^X**/^  w^Jj  «Aam^  ^a«a/I. 

Beech,  «.  ^^^t  ^jL^j^  thajar  ^%$h 
auww&h,  ^j  sdn. 


To 


Beef,^  *^  20Am  da£ar. 

Beer,  2(jy  ^asa,  i[^  &fra.    Ginger-beer, 

«.  JijAjifi^l  U  moo/  sififi?!/. 
Beet  (root),  #.^jJ^  «AaiMiM2ar. 
Beetle  (insect),  Ja5»-/ii^/,  JL^i.*^  iAtm- 

Beetrave  or  beet-radish.    See  Beetroot. 

Beeves,  15^^^  mawdBhl, 

Befal,  Vn  ^jZ  ^arad,  <^Jk»>  Aadat, 

Befit,  v.^^wU  nasah,  jH  /ait. 

Befitting,  j;j[]l  Idyik,  ^.^^^L^t  mtm^Ui^, 

c,^.>"lj   frq;V^.     I  have  resolved  to 

take  jewels,  consisting  of  jacinths  and  others, 
and  conyey  a  present  ^fitting  him,  and  demand 

her  of  him  in  marriage,  ^U  u^^^  ji^ 

Before,  J  9!  awwal,  i^\  awwalan,  aU^ 
amdm.  Before  this,  \  JJb  J^  i^o^/  A^nd. 
Before  the  time,  ^^p^  J>t^  ^^/ 
muamdn.  Before  dawn,  <^u2!1  iJJi 
kohl  (usuhh.  Before  entering,  ^JJ 
J^Sll.  Before  arrival,  Jj^^^  J-i. 
Before  some  people,  ^^^aMji\  A^ji. 
Before  God,  aUtjcx.  As  before,  d^ 
JJll.  Before-mentioned,  ji^J^  vMstor, 
j^iVf  tnatkilr,  J^^  «dMi^,  dJljlS*^ 
mtuAdr    iUaffih,       Before-hand,     ]L1 

And  when  he  entered,  he  kissed  the  ground 
before  him,  and  saluted  with  the  best  saluta- 
tion. And  when  the  King  saw  him,  he  rose 
to  him,  treated  him  with  we  greatest  honour, 

and  ordered  him  to  sit,  and  he  sat,  Lsii 


Befringe,  v-Jj^  tarraz. 

Beg,  V.  (intreat),  ^^rj^  tarajja\  m»^^^^ 

istarhama,  ^^m^I  tltanuua.    And  we 


BEH 


(513) 


BEL 


WihM  freelfto  gnmt  as  propitious  assistanoe 
to letd  OS  into  fte  ri^tdirectioii,  and  a  heart 
taming  in  unison  with  truth ;  and  an  expres- 
siTO  language,  adorned  with  ingenuoosness  and 
sinpticity,  and  style  supported  hy  oondusiye* 

Beget,  r«  J^li7  IwiOm/,  jJj.  v^/m?;  (to 

B^gar,   9.  j^  fakir.    Beggars,   \j»i 
Beggar,  v.  «x^  aMiad,jMj\^  adrfstat. 
Beggarly,  ^^^1  J^  mi«/  d  fakir. 
Beggary,^  y^r,  ^jwSUl  ^«. 
Begin,  «.  Ijcjt  ti&Mff,^ob  ftdi^d,  e^ 

«Aaf^tf>  iXfiL\  aMoia,  jUl?  ^<^i^.   So 

they  h^an  to  take  what  suited  them  of  those 
things,  and  each  of  the  soldiers  carried  off 

iHiat  lie  could,  ^r^U  jj^i^lj  ^j^ 

Beginner,  #•  l^*^^^  mubtqil. 
Beginning,  #.  !jcj\  thtidd.    Making  a 
b^inning,  part.   ^^Sr^.^  ^  muhtadi. 

In  the  beginning,  J^^^c^*  *  The  be- 
ginning and  the  end,  ^X|^  J^^y  al 
awwal  wdldkhir.  From  beginning  to 
end,  ^^11  ^J1  Jyl  ^^  mw  tff  atcwo/ 
fZd'  alkhir. 

B^^ird,  r.  LU*  Ad^,ytfl>-  ^«ar. 

Beglerbeg,  t.Cio^liLj  heglerbe^. 

Begone,  -.j  ruA. 

Begotten,  J^j^  mmm'M. 

Begrime,  r.  J^  iowwad. 

Beguile,  v.^iXfi  ghadt^r^  t^  khada^. 

B^^ilement,  t.  Af^  kllah,  ^*Xxi»-  khM^. 

Began,  ^JSL^  mubiada*. 

Behalf,^U.  kkdtir,  j9-\  ajl.  On  thy 
behalf,  ilifl'>-1  ^  min  qflak. 

Behave,  «.  (JLiCu  «abi&.  To  behave 
carelessly,  JiUJ  iagh&fal. 


Behaviour;  (^La  ftf/ti£.  Qood  behaviour, 

c^jI  a(2a^,  uJU  /u^/l 
Behead,  v.  2U\j  ^Li  ibto^  rd«aAo. 
Beheld,  ^U^  mu^jfan,  j^a:^^  nutmHr. 
Behemoth,   «•  (hippopotamus  or  river 

hoEse),  j;J^  hamlk,  Ju^  £a^ima^ 
Behest,^!  OMr,  Jl>.  Auihn. 

Behind  tji^  toord,  \jy  ^  min  ward. 
Behind  (remaining),  _jb  hdkl;  (out 
of  sight),  i^U  ghdfih. 

Behold,  1).  JlaJ  naaar.  To  behold  atten- 
tively, ^^Is:]!  ^^f^\  am^  ommiar. 

Behold  I  \«i}U  kSLvmAy  \it^  tMud. 

Beholden  (bound  in  gratitude),  ^y»^«^ 

Beholder,  «.  ^Ijl  ndsiir;  (witness),  JJbL& 
ihdhid;  (spectator),  'pj^  mutafarij. 

Beholding,  part.  JJbluL^  mmhdhid.  Be- 
holding,  obligation,  ^U^  mimfia^. 

Behoof,  id^M  fdyidatf  ^aj  na/"^. 

Behove,  «.  c^-^U  fid«ail,  j]t*/d£.  Il» 
behoves,  i,^,.^l'«.^  munan^.  It  doe^- 
not  behove,  (ji^ji^  ghayr  Idfftk. 

Being  (existence),  *^^j  wufikd,  ^^ 
kaum ;  (oondition),  J  U-  hdl,  ^ll  shdn. 
Beings,  CLy\jy>-y  mawfuddt,  CuUj^ 
kayndt.  Being, par^.  (existing),  J^«^ 
mqwjud,  ^\^  kagin.  The  Supreme 
Being,  sj\s^  J^\  jlkJl  ^^ICH 
^UJ^  alkdgin  ahnutlak  alhak  iubhd- 
nahu  tea  ta^la\ 

Be  it  so,  ^  kon,  ^JLSJ  falgakan. 

Belabor,  v.  L^j-a  darab. 

Belgrade,  j]^  Belgrade  (^l/Sl^). 

Belie,  v.  (counterfeit),  jli  kallad.  c»^«^ 

Belied,  adj,  c^jjU  f/wkauah. 
Belief  (credit  given  to  anything),  jU^ft 
iaimdd,  oUifil   f^^fi^ae;.      Belief  (in 

33 


BEN 


(514) 


BEN 


religious  matters),   ^Iwi^l    tiymdn, 

Believe,  v.  SscA  a^takad,  ^1  aman, 
jJl^  saddak. 

Believer,  t.  (one  who  gives  credit  to), 
Jii«^  mu^kid.  A  believer  (in  re- 
ligious matters),  ^^y  mUmin.  The 
believers,  f^^y,  [ji^y  mikminln. 

Belike,  JjkS  la^aly  iiii  halki. 

Bell,  8.  {jMjP^  jaras,  (j*ty\j  ndkUs  (pi. 
{j»i>;^\y  nutedkU),  [muthdribln, 

Belligefent,  belligerous,  ^^jls^ult  al 

Bellows,  ^^^  man/akh,  Asti^  manfdkh. 

Belly,  ^jloi  hatn.  Loosing  the  belly, 
adf.  (Jfuuu«  mushil.  Big-bellied  (preg- 
nant), J^l>^  hdmil  or  iX»^-  huhla\ 
A  belly-band,  J li;  tunnar. 

Belly-bound,  ^Jix^  munkabid,  ^jo^^a^ 
maklnd. 

Belong,  r.  (^^^of^  ^Am,  (-.AMr*.)!  intasab. 

Belonging,  part.  ^d^CL^  muta^ik. 

Beloved,  i^f^»^^  mahhuhf  ^JjjJ^  ma^- 

«Aui&  (fem.  ^,ys^  tnahbuhat),  iiJUju^ 

ma\9hukat,  0  sephyr,  thou  bringest  me  a 
gentle  gale  from  the  place  in  which  my  be- 
loTed  is  dwelling!  0  wind,  then  bearest  a 
token  of  my  beloved !    Knowest  thon  when  he 

will  arrive?  Uy^j  ^\  i^*^  ^^\  ^j 


m 

Below,  Liu^a^  iahL    Below  the  castle, 
^ftliil  ui^oiT  taht  alkal^aL    Prom  be- 

m 

low,  L2-^a^^  min  taht 
Belt,  «.  ^;^  kamar,  j\jj  %unndr,  isiax^ 

mantakat. 
Bemoan,  uJ^^b  taasBoff yuse^  tahoiBor, 
Bench,  «.  (tribunal),  ^uCsr^  mahkamat. 
Bend,  v.   JU   md/,   (^ke   ^ato/;    (to 
*  subdue),  ^  /dtoA,  c,.Jx  gJuddb. 


Bendable,   ^^^^  Jf^*  r^^  f^f^^^f 

Beneath,  i^^^artaht.  See  Below,  Under. 
Benediction,  9,  S^j  larakat.         [pu&n. 

Benefaction,  $,  h^^  kardmat,  ^Um^-I 

Benefactor,  «•  ^^  karim,  msc^  mun^m, 

^\  ^^.    A  benefactress,  wcJI  iJj, 

if j^^,  Xu  i^  karimat. 

Beneficence,  ^^^  kkayr^  ^Uu»-1  tAtdn. 

So  he  took  it,  and  kissed  the  hands  of  l^e 
King,  thanking  him  for  his  bonnty  and  bene. 

fioenoe,  and  departed,  J^j  U  «XeLLi 

Beneficent,  /»/  ^^^i>Xc  Bdhih  karam. 
j^fC^  mun^m,  ^i^  karim  (pL  f\^ 
kurdm,  t^  kuramd),  ^j»Ji:l\  ^j^  ka- 
rim  ul  nafi.  Most  beneficent,  mj,^ 
^luJl  karimush  8hdn,  ji>-^l  f^  ka* 
rim  aldkhldk,  ^"La^-HI  f^  ^amlm  «/ 

Beneficial,  Jui^  mufid,  OU  n^/?^. 
Beneficially,  wsj  J^  5ii&o/  na/^. 

Benefit,  «.  auuI  tn^am,  ^Um^-I  ih»dn, 

fJu  naf^f  id!i\i  fdyidat. 
Benefit,  v»  (do  good),  ^^^ma^^I  ahiana,  j^ju  \ 

an^ama;  (to  gain  advantage),  ^SGj\ 

intafa^,  jliiuil  utafdda, 
Beneplacito,  ctdv.  (Lat.)  I^jU  uJ*^  katf 

mdy(uhd,^jij\  U  ^^JiSkaifmd  aitqfak^ 
Benevolence,  a^ ibiram,  iUI^ ^r^mo^, 

XaaJ«  ahafakat,  d-Jlal  /tf(/'. 
Benevolent,  uiJD  /a^l/^,  ajc^  mtm^nN. 
Benevolently,  (i.jy  Jij  iiib/  /tt(f. 
Benjamin  or  benzoin  (a  kind  of  gam), 

cIm^  j^dk;  hakhikr  kunnuk* 
Benign,  JP-iA  9haf%k,  ^jiJ^  muihfik. 
Benignity,   &L&  9hafakat,  !j\j  rafai, 

li^jud. 


BES 


(515) 


BES 


Bemgnlj,  cJU  Jij  hltol  hdf,  dA^^j. 

Benison^  #.  (benediction),  i^  harakat. 

Bent,  i^ar/.  of  bend,  JSU  wayt  ,<2*flsi« 
ffitfiiAa»7,  L,oti<:>.>»  mm^tif\  (ad- 
dicted), JhIji:;^  mta^Uik. 

Bequeath,  «•  l^.^  wahah^  u^j  wakaf. 
A  beqnest,  4^^^  wasiyat  (pi.  UU** 
waiaya).     A  bequest  for  pioos  nses, 

Bereave,  v.  aJ^I  a^i^am.   To  bereave  of 

li£9,  J:J  jb^a/.    To  bereave  of  hope, 

«^??f^  hhayyah. 
Bereft,  ^^jS^  mahrUm,  d^sut  mafkiid. 
Berhyme,  r.  Ja3  nmumm 
Berry,  «•  «*--*>-  ^JJ,  ^U».  hMat  (pi. 

<--^^-:>-  ^tt^il^),  cl;L>.  ^335^ 
Berth,  #.  4---^t  ^y LJ1  ^L^  Jjr« 

mf«^/  mtmdm  id  musdfirfil  marJcah. 
Besoreen,  v*  )aAj>.  hafau 

Beseech,  «.  9/^  iadarra^  ^jua:^\  Uta- 

ma»a,  f^^J^  utarhama,  fjfj\  ibta* 
hala. 

Beseeching,  part,  and  adj.  Jfu«  muh- 

tahU^  ^j'oc^  muiadarri^ 
Beseechingly,  adv.  ?/^  hitadarru^ 
Beseem,  v.  ^  ^.oU  ndsah,  (JiU* 
Beset,  f^.  LU-I  ahatfjjsp'  ^ajjaata. 
Beshrew,  v.  ^^  la^. 
Beshrew  me  I  vjj-*  ^<^  to^««*  ^uyflnf . 
Beshronded,  oi^'.  ^^^aCi  mukaffan,  uJ  •iL* 

Beside,  besides  (near),  c--^fS  ibrf5; 
(over  and  above,  excess),  f^^^ 
mtndun,  Ijlc  ^add,  Ij^U  ma^a^s,]U. 
itAtf^s,  UU-  Ad«i^. 

Besiege,  v.^U^  kdsar,  l9l>.l  aAd^. 

Besieger,  #•  -,« Ue^  mti^w*. 


Besieging,  jLa^  hiaOr,  5^1^  mato- 
*tr«^  [Aa<tr. 

Besieged,  jy^s^  mahsUr,  jo^^  Mfni- 

Besmoke,  v*  ^^  J  daWtlum.. 

Besom,  #.  ^LuJJU  mtfibitMA. 

Besom,  v.a.  \j»*:S  iannoia. 

Besot,  V,  ^JuJbJ  daha»hy^^\  atiara. 

Besotted,  adf.  J^J^  sakran,  ^Jo-^ 
mubtali.  [mafiUn. 

Besottedly,  adv.  f^^Juii\  Ji^  misl  ul 

Besottedness,  t.J^  Mr,  ^^bai!  iftUdn, 
^jiSL^  fnafluniyah. 

Bespeak,  v.  (order  anything  beforehand), 

Bespeaker,  #..  ^y  muw09tH^ 

Bespeckle,  v.jAj  fulmmar. 

Bespit,  V.  ^J-^Jji  hoMh  ^<da\ 

Bespatter,  v,  ^JmJ  hasak.. 

Best,  j^\  akhlr,  fjuAS>^\  ahsan,  J^ 
atilahf  C;^^!  at-yah.  The  best  book, 
c^lkuMy«J1  c-^l:;^!  alhtahalmuiiatah. 
To  have  the  best  (to  excel,  overcome), 
L^Jii  yhalah,  Jia  tafar.  To  do  the 
best,  JuiJ  takayyadda. 

Best-beloved,  a<jf'.  J^l  a^as,  ^_ -'^^  a^i. 

Bestial,  ^<-iU^^  ira^Af,  ^LjIH^IiU 
mtt^Adtr  tf/  ifudniyah. 

Bestiality,  $.  d^\y^^^  haywdniyah. 

Bestir,  i^.  (oneself),    isM^  Jjj   3asa/a 

Bestow,  V.  (^-^  traAa3<i,  caotI  athaf; 
(ta  place),  ^^  irodb^.  To  bestow 
attention  or  endeavour,  fcSfsi*'!  Jjj 
i<Mk»/  0/  majhady  ^^  sa^a'.    And  I 

Bee  that  thaa  loveBt  nfe  with  the  vtmoet  lore 
and  thou  hast  shown  me  erery  kindnees,  and 

5 referred  me  ahove  all  whom  thov  loTest  and 
esireet.  How  then  coiUd  my  heart  be  happv 
to  quit  thee,  and  to  depart  from  thee,  and 
how  could  that  be  when  thou  bestowest  beneAte 


and  favours  upon  me ! 


cJM- 


BEY 


(516) 


BID 


♦  J-^  J^L5^  *^:-^J  *  ^^  ^^ 

^  ^^-is  c^  uJJo  ♦  ^y ^ 

Bestowal,  #.  ^;U>"^  »*•«••,  |*U3\  in^. 
Bestowed,  M^^J^  mmmc^Ao}. 
Beetower,  $.  c-H^^^  traAiJ. 
Bestowing,  i.  ^\  i^fd,  ^  manh* 
BestraugH  o^f.  ^^^  majn^. 
Bet,  ty  Aart,  ^^j  ritfm. 

Bet,  r.  ^^\;  r6hm. 

Betake,  v.  a.  and  «.  (Betook,  Betaken). 
To  betake  oneself,  ^y  ^aiMiiraAtf, 

ibtada\ 
Bethink,  v.  ik.  Jaj\  4/takar,  )ao.i  Wm. 
Betide,  v.  J-od-  hawl,  iiJO^  hadM. 
Betimes,  cUi;  ^  ^*  ^oM. 

wm 

Betoken,  v.  j\L\  oihdr. 
Betraj,  «.  jAc  fhadar,  ^Isw  ttd». 
Betrayal,  «.  <GL^  kkdydnak 
Betrayed,  aij.  ^UaC  (J-«^  mutaUm  hi 

Uffdnaiin. 
Betrayer,  «.  j\  Jlc  pAo^lr,  ^^IcS^  JWywi. 
Betroth,  v.  a.  i^Jia^  hhaUab* 
Betrothal,  i-k>.  hutlah.      {makhtnlah. 
Betrothed,  t-^jlai<*«MiiA^«i>fem.ijks:^ 

Better,  J-ii^  «/»«/,  ^1  <iMfr,  ^\ 
««20A,  c-^^  o^-^- 

Bettor,«.^;l-Jy^  mt«*ari^,^^5/*  •»««'•**•*»• 
Between,    betwixt,    ^^    *?«^,   cr^^ 
mfiiintf.  Between  his  hands,  ^,^.  ^. 
Betweenequab,  ^^)/S\^.   To  inter- 
pose between,  k^jy  tawM^at* 
Beverage,  hj^  aharhat,  (m^^jJ^^  mash- 

ruh.  I  will  drink  the  wine,  and  enjoy 
healthy  for  Terily  Hub  be?erage  is  a  remedy 


for  disease,  4\yi\i  \Jc-*3^  ^  ^r^' 
Bevy,  9.  (of  people),  ^f  /«^'- 


.U  ndA. 


1 


Bewailing,  part*  J.-.--^  ««»i. 
Beware,   v.    c^^-ia^^  ytoaoJ, 

Beware,  wMj.  cJM  <iyya*#.  And  when 
thou  seest  that  they'haTe  come,  conoe^  thy- 
ee^  and  beware  of  appeariag;  for  th^  nT«B  of 

all  of  OS  wottld  be  lost,  ^^6^!^  ^^^ 

Bewet,  t?.  c^J^  nMtf. 
Bewilder,  r,  «.  j^  hayyora. 
Bewildered,  aij.ji^  mtdahuyffir.    To 

be  bewildered,  yla^r  tahayyara. 
Bewilderment,  i^^  Mr  ah. 
Bewitch,  v,j^  9akara, 
Bewray,  v.  jSk  ghadara. 
Beyond  (the  further  side),   \j^  ward; 
(remote,  distant,  far,  further),  Xm 
ha^d.      Beyond  measure,    A«5l  jy 
fawh  d  hadd.     Beyond  the  river  (Ihe 
ancient  Transoxania),  j^\  ^j^U  md 
ward  annahr.       Beyond  hope,   jy 
J^'USl  fawk  al  ma^mnh 
Bezel,  s.  (of  a  ring),  ^\^\  {J^J^' 
Bias,  J-^  mayl,  LJ\ja^\  inhirdf. 
Bias,  r.  JU  mdl,  u^oViwl  in^taf. 
Bibber,  t.  i-^J^  <Aflrri*. 
Bible,  «.   ^IaJI  (^^\  al  hUdh  al 
'mtdMddaSy  i\jfi\  aUawrdt.         [itf^«- 
Bicker,  v.  \y^\fu  ta^\  \^j\iJ  tans- 
Bicorae,  bioomous,  i^j^^  ^*^  ■*  ^^' 

nayn. 
Bid,  V,  (order),  j^\  amara.     To  bid  for, 
JLt   aallama.      To  bid  adieu,   ^j 


BIL 


(617) 


BIB 


waida^a*   To  bid  good  day,  ^Jlfi  ^ 

saUama  ^ala\    Then,  haTing  bidden 

him  fiurewril,  nd  aoothed  hif  miBd,  the  de- 
parted, and  proceeded  without  stopping  to 
the  Lady  Dunya.    She  had  hid  tiie  paper  in 

hair,  LS^ki^ij  AJi  ^JU^mt^j  i&^J^  aJ 

Bide,  r.  n.  ui-X*  mdkoia,  ^jL^  aaiaha^ 
Bide,  V4  a.jkuf  isUmara,  J^«^  ^oAcun- 

Biennial,  jj-ii-i  J^  J.tfffl<;^\  amnift 

yahial  hd  ionatin. 
Biennially,  ado.  ^Jfii^  cK  ^  MtnaflM. 
Bier, «.  cZJ^lj  M3ii^,  (jauu  ita^fA. 
Bifarious,  bifold,  t^jA^  mudd^f. 
Big,   jitf**^  y«i»»,   ^  iflJ«r,    j,^ 
^oslm.     Big  with  child,  J^U-  hdmtl. 
Big  with  piide^  ^;f^^  mutakaibir ; 
(Bwolleii),  ^^A^  ti»an/)lU. 
Bigamy,  #.  ^l^b  isgJl  onf  jah  hi 
amrcLaftn.  [bi  amraailn. 

Biga&d8t,#.  ^2Jii»]/•^  t^r^  miiUaMwunj 
Big-beUied,  4>U-  h&ma,  Ju^  hMa\ 
Bigger,  ^ae\  a^um,jS\  Mar. 
Bigneen,  LtLuSP^  jas&maf,  iJL^j  tcoi^ai, 
la^  fiuiKai.  {y^-uLic^  muta^oM. 
Bigot,  i.  bigoted,  ^y^jp^^  wnkmoMwU, 
Bigotry,  ^^y^  u>aB%ods,  Layj^  Wamcasat, 

JL\j  ^lw\  nf^mdn  IdtU. 
Bile,  \jk^  Mofird. 

BUge,  9.  j^.    See  Shipwreck,  Leak. 
Bilious,   t^^J^    tafrfMi^   \J^  Jj^ 

muwaUid  audfrd. 
'  Bilk,  9.  ^Jlix.  ghoih,  e  J^  iUcMfci^a. 
Bin,  ».  (of  a  bird)  jU:^^  miiii^f ;  (an  ac- 
connt),  c»iliM^*-  hUdh ;  (bond),  tl,\ui>»7 ; 
(aaeignment  or  order  fsr  the  payment 
of  money),  A\^  htwdla. 


Bill,  V.  (as  doTes),  ^  nokaru. 

Billet,   «•  &i^  fAotto^  Sij^  totirakah, 

$f^  taakardh. 
Billow,  t.  ^yt  Jwoi^r  (pL  ^^y«^  amwdf). 

The  dashing  of   the  billows,    ^i^ij 

Billow,  9.  ^ jl^J  ianuamattf,  Jb^  iaidiam, 

L^Jb^\  idtarah. 
Billowy,  ip\y  mawtcdj. 
Bimensal,    adj\    ^^Ji^  J$  J,0aa^y\ 

amrun  ffohaal  hd  ihakr^Hm 
Bind,  t,  Lij  rahat,  JJU  ^akui.    To 

bind  a  book,  c^jaUad.    To  Und 

over  (as  sorety),  JK  kaffai. 
Binder,  a.  W\;  rflW^.  A  biAdez  of  books, 

u^«xSje«  mkiaUidhah* 
Binding  (the  act  Of  binding  a  book), 

Binomiali  8.  ^^«3k»-^*>  sflAoiMn. 
Biographer,  «.  i^^l;  rdu%,  JSU  nfiMI, 

Biography,   Jii   ftoA^   Xrl^  rawdpat, 
Biology,  «.  ifj^\  j^j  c->L«it  Jx  ^A» 

Bipartition,  IsiAi^  mandtt^,  i^ttj.ia>7 
Bipartite,  adf.  ^^t^t^  ^J\  ^^  ffubam 

fTa'  hmmlnt  ^^Jt^^  ^j^  ^*-r^/^  **^ 

rdbiM  Min  humlH* 
Biped,  a4f«  ^Lj J  t«  tdMn. 
Bipeonate,  adf.  ^j^\:^^J%iljmdMn. 
Birch  (tree),  t^  baMd, 
Bird,  s.  j)}!b  tdtfir,  j^  tayr  (pL  jj^ 

tayikr).    The  bird  of  night  (the  owl), 

jtyf  hum,  (&m.)  ^ji  diZmoA.  A  dealer 

in  iHids,  i^jys^*  A  bitd's  bill,  jUx^ 
ffifUbOr.  A  birdncage^  ^jJi  iqfbf .  A 
bird-oateher^^l  cf^9ay}fddnU¥ff^r. 
Bixd-lime,  ^0  i7«ftA. 


BLA 


(518) 


BLA 


Birth,  oiy9  mawlad,  iiSij,  jJy,  JL^ 
mil&d.  The  pangs  of  cfaildbirthy^ls4 
makhdd;  (lineage),  J^i  a«/,  JmJ 
tuul,  L,.>Mw}  na«a&,  c/**^  fi^*  ^^ 
mean  birth,  i,,„^M>;H  J^fs^  fnajhul 
antuuai. 

Birth-place,  9.  ^^  u^a^on. 

Biscuit,  «•  I^UauAJ  bohmdL         [«a/<2A. 

Bisect,  V.  a.  JLa^U^  «Jai  kata^h  mund' 

Bisection,  «•  ^Oma,;}  tanslf. 
Bisexual,  a4f'.  ^J>:>^  ihansa\ 

Bishop,  i.  uJamiI  tukuf  (pi.  uJuLal  cMa- 

ib)r,  is3\^\  aaSktfat). 
Bissextile,  «•  ^Um^  kahls<ih. 
Bissextile,  <u{f .  ^luj;^  ^a&t«i. 

Bit,  «.  (small  piece),  ^L«!aS  kit^t.  A 
bit  of  bread,  >sL  ^«i35.  A  bit  of  cloth, 
^«3^,  £^.  Bit  by  bit,  in  bits,  ^uk! 
<uLj  .    A  bit  or  mouthful,  Jui!  lukmat. 

Bitch,  «.  JL)i  ;ta/da^ 

Bite,  i;.  ^^  ^add;  (to  cheat),  jJlc^^- 
dar ;    (reproach),   f^iJL  ahatam,  ^^^ 

ta^.  [jS^^^i^  Mat 

Bite,  biting,  «.  ^Uac  ^adda;  (a  trick). 

Bitter  (in  taste),^  ffi«fr ;  (serere),  JU? 

sa/tim. 
Bitterly,  Xj\jAJ  hmar&rat 
Bitterness  ij\j^  mardrat ;   (reproach), 

j^  shatm;  (oalamity),  i^f^k0a<$fnu9ihaL 
Bitumen,^  J^r,  La)  naft.  The  bitumen 

of  Judsda,  .^t^i.  hummar. 
Bituminous,  f^j^  Airf,  ijaij  naftu 
Black  (in  colour),  jy^l  uswad.    Black 

and  white,  ^^Lj  \^  J^\  aswad  wa  ahyad. 

A  black  mole  on  the  &oe,  ^L2»  ahdme. 

Black  lead  (antimony),  J^  ih<M. 
Black,  9,  j\yM  satffdd.    See  Blackness ; 

(mourning),  jIj^  An^dif. 


Blacken,  v.  Jjm»  ^auwa^;    (to  become 

black),  J^l  iaoad* 
Blacker,  blackest,  Jjm»1  aatpod. 
Blackish,  tiyu^  muiwai* 
Blackness,  jl^  sawdd. 

Blacksmith,  «•  JlJk>-  hadddd. 

Bladder,  «.   <Oll^.     The  gall-bladder, 

;^1^  mardrat. 
Blade,  «.  ^lLa3  na«2aif  (pi.  JL^  nmdl). 
Blade-bone,  t.  cjrXH  ^^  Jatc'A  «/  ifctf(/'. 
Blamable,  (^y*y^  maxmUm,  j»^0  somlm 

(fem.  <U^J  somfma^),  j^^\  l-«^|^ 

Blame  (fault),  j^^aij  tahtr,  Ua^  Ihaid, 

m  * 

AjS^Jaramf  ^jg^,  L^Jtanh;  (coi- 
«xk).  (X,  maiam. 

Blame,  v.  t^j  wahhakh,  aj  /dm,  AO%amm. 

I  therefore  blamed  myself  for  that  which  I 
had  done,  and  eaid.  Would  that  I  had  t«- 
mained  on  the  island,  since  it  is  better  than 

this  desert  place!  ^Jx  ^^uJu  ul^a^J 

BlamefuL    See  Blamable. 
Blameless,  4^  iarf . 

Blamer,  «.  i^UJ  sai?»mdx?). 

Blame-worthy,  ^jJt  f^-^^]^  wdfihauam. 

See  Blamable. 
Blanch,  v.  ^jo^^  hayyad. 
Blanch,  v.  (become  white),  ^ja^\  tbyad, 
Blancher,  «•  \ja^^  mubayyid. 
Blandishment,  (J^^  tamlik. 

Blandish,  i;.  ^jL^  maUak.     See  Caress, 

Cajole,  Coax,  Soothe. 
Blank(white),^^^1  a^yoi?,-  (unwritten), 

^jLi  9ddah\  (vacant),  ^^  khdli. 
Blanket,  s.  t^U?  hhd/. 
Blaspheme,  v.jiS  ka/ar,  Umi^  jadda/m 
Blasphemer,  «.^l^  kdjir. 


BLE 


(619) 


BLO 


Blasphemous,  4^5^  kufrf* 

Blasphemy,^  kufr. 

Blast,   $.  (of  wind),  i^  nafhai  (pi. 

Blaze, «.  (flame),  y^'^  lahih ;  (publica- 
tion), jlfL2»\  UhtihSr.     [^1  ashhar. 

Blaze,  t^.  J«^  f^a^o/;    (to  publish), 

Blazon,  s,  (coat  of  arms),  X^lc  ^atdmat, 
^LuJ  nisAdn;  (celebration),  ^IfL^il  mA- 
tcihdr,  iji^  aJiuhraU 

Blazon,  «.  (to  celebrate),  ^^t  aihhar\ 
(to  embellish),  ^J  nayyan. 

Bleach,  9.  ^^i^  hayyad^ja^  kanara. 

Bleacher,  9.  (^;w«  mubayyid,  JLas 
kassdrm 

Bleaching,  ij\^  kisdrah^ 

Bleak  (cold),  J^b  torti^. 

Bleakness,  J^  ^i.  See  dullness. 
Coldness. 

Blearedness,  S^j  ramad,  ^JS*a^  ^amash. 

Bled,  preterite  of  bleed,  ^yok^  mafsnd. 

Bleed,  9.  (to  open  a  vein),  Xai  fasad; 
(to  lose  blood),  uJp  iMsa/. 

Bleeding  at  the  nose,  i^Mj  re^ef  (vul.). 

Bleeder,  a.  jU&i  faes&d. 

Blemish,   s,    l,,^..s   ^afi,  jyoi   hueUr, 

Blemish,  v.  a,  Uyijr  ^yyab,  ]aL^  iakkata, 

tXuii\  afiada. 
Blemished,  adj.  ^^xs!^  mukhtal,  laL^  sakat 
Blemishless,  at^\  ^  c-'^jr-Jt  Id  t,ayhafih. 
Blend,  r.  LLw  hhdlatf  ^j^  mazaja. 

Bless  (with  happiness),  43Uj  <fo^d  lahu; 

(to  bless  God),  ^1^^  shaiar  aHah. 

And  God  (whoee  name  be  exalted!)  blessed 
him  with  two  male  children  by  his  two  wires : 

they  were  like  two  shining  moons,  ijjji 

cji/*>  ui^y.  ^t^3j  cr^  J^  ^' 

Blessed,  cl/^L«  muhdrtJc^  Ju««}  ea-^d. 


Blessedness,  S  jlui  M^Aiild^,  I^  harahU. 

Eternal  blessedness,   iiOji\  if jUJl ; 

(sanctity),  L»\^  ktddsat. 
Blesser,  i,  CSj^  muhdrik. 
Blessing,  i^J  harakat. 
Blest     See  Blessed. 
Blind,  ^^^\  tf^W  (pi.  ^L^x  ^ttwyaii, 

fem.  \i^  ^amyd). 
Blind,  V.  ,c^  ^ama'.    To  be  or  become 

blind,  ^v^^  %n^ma\ 
Blind,  «.  (for  a  window),  ^ol  J^j  harddye. 
Blindly,  L^Jl  ,Jx  ^o/a*  al^amyd. 
Blindness,   Ux   ^omd.      Purblindness, 

S^Lmx  yhishdwat.  [jsf-  ^jaiu 

Blindside,   «.   (weakness),  uJm  (fu^, 
Blink,  9.  yii  yhatnag,  Ja:i\  Uiil  «>A<2a 

aniMsor. 
Blink,  «.  ilkJ  lahsahyjo)  noMr. 
Blinkard,  9.j^\  ajhar. 
Bliss,  blissfolness,  lc\fL^  sa^dat. 
Blissful,  JjMMt^mas^d, 
Blissfully,  adv.  Iajuj  ^jIua  JG  htkul 

sa^ddah  fvam^mah. 
Blister,  9,  ^U>-  habhi. 
Blitheness,  blithesomeness,  LluJ  fuuhdt, 

-ji  /orflA,  jfj^  «ttrilr. 
Block  up  or  blockade,  v.  X^  8add,j^\^ 

kdssar;  (to  obstruct),  ^i/«  mafitf^. 
Blockade,  i.  ij^\s^  tnuhdaarat,  i!h\^ 

ihdtat. 
Blockhead,  8.  JU^t  ahmak,  Jub  halld. 
Blockishness,  iJL  lalddat. 
Blood,  aJ  <{tfm.     Blood  (murder),  Jri 

ibi/;  (offspring),  JuaJ  ikw/;  (lineage), 
s^^m')  naeab.  Of  noble  blood,  ujb^ 
«^ri/;  (temperament  of  mind),  -^U^ 

'mis4/- 
Bloodshed,  J:J  katl,  ttjJlu.^^  <<i/%  ti/ 
<^tj»d.      Blood-shedder,  UjJI  C^' 


BLO 


( 620 ) 


BOA 


t&JWt  aUimd.  Blood-spHling,  «. 
LvjJl  Mfk  Mddimd. 
Blood-thirsty,  JO?  sd^,  jt 

Blood-sacker,  t.  dj&x>  fMea  (|1.  j;ic 

Bloody,  4^^t>  dammti. 
Bloody-flnXi  i.  Ad^\  Jlfil  Mdl  td  dam. 
Bloom  or  blosscnn,  jibj  %ahr,  tjSbj  tahra 
(pi.  L:j\jbj  whrdt).    The  bloom  of 

youth,  (^Ua:x  ^nfawdn. 
Blooming,  partJbJ^  inuMt* 
Blossom  (flower),  fS  Hm. 

not,  «.  (obliteration),  yOf^  mahSi.. 
Blot,  9.  (obliterate),  _fi^  «hiA#'.     To 

be  blotted,  ^<«^^  %nmaha\ 

Blow,  «.  ^^  (foio^,  iuD  %i/^fi^.  Had 

I  foreknown  the  pain  tiiftt  I  hive  Miffisred 
from  thy  blow,  I  had  known  that  *the  elephant 
eonld  not  withfttAnd  nor  endnre  It ;  but  I  will 
not  oomplain  of  the  pain  of  that  blow,  on 
aoconnt  of  the  happinese  diat  haa  resulted 
unto  me  from  it;  for  if  it  had  a  wrere  effect 
npon  me,  its  resnlt  was  the  most  salutaiy, 


*  •  # 

Blow,  r.  (as  wind),  ^  tu^akh,  c^ 

hi^h.  The  quarter  firom  whioh  the 
wind  blows,  c^-^*  The  quarter  to 
whioli  the  wind  blows,  0^J^\  jV^. 
To  blow  with  the  mouth,  ^;  (to 
breathe),  ^jJcJ  taiMffM.  To  blow  a 
horn,  ^  nafdkh.   To  blow  npon  (treat 

with  contempt),    ^\ib\  ah&n.      Dost 

thou  not  observe  that  when  the  wind  blows 
with  great  yiolenoe  it  does  not  break  but 
the  greatest  trees  P  and  dost  thon  not  notice 
that  corpses  float  upon  the  sea,  while  the 
preoious  pearls  remain  in  its  furthest  depths  P 


Bkwer,  $.  af^  nOfilA.    A  blower  on 

i&e  flute,  Gito.^U  jiSfir. 
Blowing,  part.  ^U  nafiih.    Blowing, 

«.  <^^  hub*^  i»L2j\  Misdm. 
Blue,  Jjj\  «wttfc.    Blue  ^  grey-eyed, 

jjjl  4arak  (fem.  IS^J  wrlfi). 
Blunder,  «.  ^  4dte.  lils  ^Mo^  Uss^ 

i^^,  I!j  stfOn^.    A  common  or  vulgar 

blunder  in  speeofa,  jjfi^  i^U  ^Aa2it 

Blunder,  v.  LU  J^4C  ^ifiyuil  fMat, 

Blunderer, «.  blunderhead,  Jh«^^^  a&Mi£. 

Blunt  (not  sharp),  iX^  ybU  ma  Ao  Aodtf ; 
(dull  of  undlBrstanding),  wJiS\  ^^<sf  ^ 
«^ma'  al  ialh.  Ihald  makdhah, 

Bldiitly,  ^.  fpSL  hold  katm,  iXiXs^h 

Bluntness,  idk)  halddai. 
Blur, «.  i^^.j-r  ^ay^. 

Blush,  «.  11^  ib%2<tf . 

Blush,  f  •  J:^  hhe/el.  To  cause  to  bloah, 

Blushing,  «^'.  Jl^  i^Tfin, 
Blushingly,  J^J^J  liiol  khqfal. 
'Bo«r,jij:>^  iWtfiMilr  (pl.jJ  jUfi>-  jb^oiidsir). 

A  wUd  boar,  ^\^\jij^^ 
Boar-spear^  t.  ^j^-harbah. 
Board,  «.  (plank),  ^jS  ^(ni?^  (pi.  ^^\ 

alwdh\  XjLa  9u/rah. 
Board,  v,  (ceil  or  roof  with   boards), 

uJi^  «<ii^/l     On  board,   ^^^j^^i^ 

ftl  markah. 
Boarisb,  \^jl}^  iAamfrt,  Li\^*«^  ^y- 

t(7eM;  (brutal),  iiiJU\i  h^  shmfaka. 

Boast, «.  j^  tafaihkhur,j\ss^i\  iftikhdr. 


-BOi 


(S31) 


SOK 


Boast,  t^.  ^Jb\J  faHha\  jaexi\  iflahhru, 
^^•asT  tapibhara,  \iMir, 

Boaster,  $.  ^V=^  malhdhl.js^^  fnuf- 

Boasting,  partJeJu%  muftMiit. 

Boa8tingly,^^,jUsi»l^  UiftMHr. 

Boat,  f .  c-*j\5  h&rib,  J^i  kdyik,  i^^ 
JUulOy  J  JJwtf  8anM.  How  xntich  is 
the  fare  of  the  boat?  Mj^  \f  ^ 
ham  hird  Mar%b». 

Boatntan,  $,  i^j^  htmfl* 

Bob,  t.  (a  blow),  i)j^  darbat.        [ifor. 

Bob,  9.  (-ii^  darab;  (to  cheat), jJic  yAa- 

Bode,  «.  JJa7  tafawwal 

Boding,  Bodement,  Jli  fSl. 

Bodiless,  Juic>*]b  htldjatad,  Smj^^j^ 
ghtyr  mutqfasnd* 

Bodkin,  <•  J;^  makhroi. 

Body,  ».  Jyyu5j-  jasad,  ^mD^-  pm  (pi. 
i*luMf»-\  ajsdtn).  The  body  of  the 
Ban,  ^^duuJl  /^/T"*  A  body  corporate, 
ii^.  The  human  body  appearing 
indistinct  and  black  at  a  distance, 
,^ij^  shaiah{j^l.J^\a8hhah).  Natural 

bodies,  ^UuJoSt  aLm^-I  qfsdnk  al  tatH- 
^ai.  A  coUectiTe  body,  ^^^  J^^t: 
A  great  body,  j^  ^^^'  To  assemble 
a  body  of  troops,  jL«c  j^4^  jama^ 
^aJtar.  Eyeryhody,  d^\J^iolahhad. 

Boil,  V.  ^li  ffhalif,  jL*  wfo*.  Boil 
some  eggs,  bat  do  not  let  them  get 
hard,  (^/u-j  iULarX  ^^  fjo^  jL»\ 
mA%  5ayt J  wa  lahin  la  tukhallih  yxhoB. 

Boiled  (cooked),  >^y^  maibilih,  J^Lm^ 
fnaslnh'j  (as  water),  ^JJU  mugUf. 
Does  the  water  b(nl?    JUc  U11  Jjb 

Boisterous,  Jj  JJ»  tAaAi^,  y,jLa\e>  ^dnf. 


Boisteroasly,  ^jJb  M»4r.    To  behave 

boisterously,  ^^  /oter. 
Boisterousness,    ifj^i    ihiddat,    Uy.^r 

ghadabfjilj  sdr. 
Boid,jj*«^yMiir,  gls!-*  «%'a^,  i^;^ 

yorl ;  (impudent),  U»-^  &»2(I  Aoyd. 
Bold-faced,  jf  JmSI  ^A'-^  iMl^  ul  ^war. 

See  Impudent. 
Boldly,  ij\dMaf^  lifasarah. 
Boldness,  i^\j>-jar(hat,l»\s^  ihafd^, 

iJ^Mp^  fndrai. 
Bole,  t.  ^j;-t  ftfi,  J>^  Ufahi.  [duh. 

Bolster,  y.  iXVd>t»%  masnad,  5Sx^  mukkad- 
Bolt,  #.  (of  a  door,  etc.),  yjsi^j^  ^hrhdi, 

j;Le  ghakk  (pL  jlcl  agUdk). 
Bolt,  II.  (a  door),  t^U^ij^^^j^  darbaa 

iUbdh. 
Bolter, «.  JU^  ^iMdl,  Jicu  mflHiUiJ. 
Bolus,  9.  4»-  Ao^io^  ^j(p^  Attn,  Aaa! 

Bomb,  s.  S^^  humbara^ 
Bombardier,  9^  i^jf^  humbatyL 
Bombaidmen^  ».  ixb    Jlc  ^tjuJ\  c,^ 

iXartii/  tmuUifl^^ala  bdad. 
Bon&  fide,   a<fo.   (Lat.)  l^.^  haUum, 

\^<^  idkihdn. 
Bond,  «.  (for  debt,  etc.),  il^^^AJ  tamoi' 

Mci^   (pi.   CulC^LiJ);   (union),  jla^t 

i^^iV^i,  jUj\  iiti/dk. 
Bondage,  Juj  jbyi  (pi.  dyJi  fcuyiii). 
Bondman,  <•  Jus  ^d^  t^ju^^  Juc  ^o^i 

l^ndmud,  bondwoman,  i.  hj^jdriat^ 

^jj\^  jawdri,  8ee  Slave. 
Bondsman,  ^U  iamfii,  J^  ib»A^* 
Bone,  «•  |»kc  ^as8i»  aUac  ^«KdM.    Joint 

bones  (of  the  heel),  l»^  ib^ft;  (of 
the  hands),  ij^  haM  (pL  (jwU^ 

ib^d*);  (rf  the  back),^lj^  **«- 


soo 


(522) 


BOT 


rdsanoAr.  A  carious  bone  ^^^romim 

Boneless,  |»Uafi  ^lU  mdlaho  ^sdm. 

Bone-set,  v.  Miaji\j^  jahbar  al^mm* 

Bone-setter,  i-J^  mufahhtr. 

Bonnet,  s,  i^y,j^  iarhosh, 

Bonn  J,  iSi^^  jamlL 

Booby,  ».  JU^t  ahmak^  jU^  kum&r^ 

^jn^  tajfs,  ^Ju^sPT  jdhih. 
Book,   ^\s^  kit&h    (pi.   c^  hM), 

The  books  of  Moses,  ^^^  c^^.  The 
rabbinical  books  (Old  Testament), 
Lj]jJ\  i^J^l  The  book  of  God, 
Jil  L^\s^  kitdh  dUah,  The  most  ex- 
cellent book,  u^Uaru^t  c^\:j3!.  The 
books  or  psalms  of  David,  jyjJI  asso- 
^r.  An  acconnt-book,  ^  J  daftar. 
My  book,  ^^la^  itii^aJf.  Year  book, 
C^\s^  kitahak.  His  book,  ^li^ 
kitdhahu.  The  original  or  first  copy 
of  a  book,  L^\z^\  J^l  asl  al  Mtah. 

Book-keeper,   9.   c„..„J,y<   mtc^MtS, 
c^Wc!  (JX«>U  matih  alhudh. 

Bookbinder,  jJjsr*.  [^rw. 

Bookish,  jjx  u-JlL  ^a/t^  ^fZw,  (jyo^b 

Bookseller,  #.  ^^  cl^  %ya^  ifew^S. 

Boon,  «.  <oLc  ^ndyah,  Juju  m^maA. 

Boon,  o^'.  «^JJ31  ^^^  ya^«^3  «/  itw/. 

Boon-companion,  wJu  no^^ffi. 

Boor,  «.  ^)U  falldh,  kJii  yAa/fs,  ^Jlc 
<Lj^|  ^adlm  ul  tarliyah. 

Boorish,  Lj  kaba,  Jii  faUdh. 

Boot,  «,  <U^  jmmah,    A  booi^maker, 
uJlLrf  iokkdf. 

Boot  (advantage),  if  Jjli  fdyidai. 

Bootless,  ifjjUL  lOdfdyidat. 


Booty,    «.   4«Mie  yAaiiima^   (pL    a?^ 

yhandffim),  2r^U  yhdrah,  u.y^Li  «a/i&, 
^^(^  \^\  ashjfd  manhahah. 
Borage,  <- jj^JI  ^U  JtiKiii  mmipt. 

Borate^  «.  Jji^l  J^  mtlh  ul  horak* 
Borax,  ^^  ^ai(. 

Border,  «.  jU^  iUndr,  L^U-  hathlal^ 
im^^^i>9^  janh  (pi.  c^jy^:^).  The  border 

of  a  oonntry,  tX>.  hadd  (pL  4>^«x^ 
AifJttfQ.  The  border  of  a  garment  «r 
doth,  JL&U-  ^a«A2a^. 

Border,  v.n.  jj\p^  jdwara,  ^-^lS  iterii&i. 

Borderer,  9,j^\s:^  mujdwir. 

Bordering,  adf.j^Xs^  mujdtoir. 

Bore,  r.0.  t^^,5»  sakab,\s^  ^affiou^  ^JIj 

Bored,  c,.ylx  i9uwJtu3. 

Boreal,  ^U^  ihamdll.    See  Northenu 

Boreas,  ^\aJL  \yb  hawd  shamdh. 

Borer,  s,  i^^t^  muskih.      [wdlad  stud. 

Bom,  *^^y  mawlnd.     Base-bom,  U  ;«>!• 

Borne,  j^art.  of  bear,  Ja^^^  mtitaAAt- 

mal.     IS'ot  to  be  borne,   J-I^^^ -^ 

yAoyr  mutahammal.  [rmd. 

Borrow,  v.j\fO^\  uta^r,  fjOjS2^\  uUk- 

Borrowed,  adj.J^jCM*^  fnu8ta^dr,^jOjSz.m^ 

mustahrad.  [mutUlrid, 

Borrower,  s.jMm^  musta^ir^  ^  0^...^ 

Bosom,  *.  ^j-o^  hidn  (pi.  j^U3^\  ahddn). 

jS^  $adr  (pi.  jjjutf  Mif^ur).     Then  be 

kissed  her  head,  and  his  heart  was  comfortod, 
and  his  boeom  beeame  dilated,  aa  ha  had  been 
in  fear  of  his  siiter  on  account  of  his  having 

opened  the  door.  c-jlk^l^U  J^  ^\  J 

Bobs,  i.^,X^  hadbah,  Ui^  $anmah, 
Botanic,  botanical,  \j\j  nahdti, 

M         * 


BOH 


(523) 


BEA 


BotazuBt,  «.  CL^LJ  Jla^  mu^im  nabdt. 
Botany,  C^IjU!)  Jic  ^tbi  atmabdtdi. 
Botch,  «.  (mark),  i\ J  i2d^A. 

Botohj,  J^«V«  mudahM. 

Both,  H^, '  Jt^  (fern.  ^^\J^),  Uf-iJl. 
Both  worlds,  Mi!^^\  ol  iaumtn.  Both 
the  Beas,  ^^^rcjjl  oJ  ^rfn.  From 
both  sides,  ^^^Ls^l  ^  mm  ajf&nthin. 

Botfle,  9.  ibl JjMi  soddyeh,  ^uaJL  shuhi. 

Bottom,   ^^r.   ^M,  yi  ka^.     The 

bottom  of  hell,  ^.^jli  ha^  jahan- 

nam.  The  bottom  or  keel  of  a  ship, 
^^^j4i\  ^,^r.   ^akb  al  tnarkab ;    (a 

valley),  i^S\^wddl;  (profundity),  ^Jaa 
oumk ;  (limits),  Jksw  hadd.  To  the 
bottom  (completely),  UUj  tamdman. 
At  the  bottom,  ytSi  \  ^  fllka^.    From 

top  to  bottom,  v^^SnH  ^1  ^jmuJI  ^ 
min  arrds  xU^  al^aib* 
Bottomless,  j|^  4]U  mdlaho  htrdr. 

Bough,  8.  ^  far^  (pi.  ^^ji  furu{). 
Bonghtfpart.  o/tobuy,  i^J^^^^  muahtara*. 
BounoOi  «.  (noise),  ^yi  karJsa^h. 
Boonce,   v.   (to  make  a  noise),   ^Ji 
karia^. 

Bouncer,  s.  l^\j^  JtasMdh,  ]o\j^  kharrdi. 
Bound,  bounds,   boundary,    «x»-  hM, 

To  fix  the  boundaries,  JkX>-  haddad. 
Bound,  part  o/bind,  JJi^:^  muhaddad. 
Bound,  (obliged),  ^^iA^  mamnUn, 
Bound,  V.  (limit),  J*x>^  haddad.    To  be 

bounded,  JJ^aEr*  tahaddad^ 

Boundless,  X^l^  ^ttmd^oAo  nahdyat,  adtt 

a>>  mdlaho  hadd.  \karlm. 

Bounteous,  bountiful,  icsr*  »ahhlj  f^^ 

Bountifully,    bounteously,    S^ldH  JiG 


Bounty,  bountifiilness,  a^  laratn,  l^ 

«aUd,  if^l^  takhdtoai. 
Bousy,  v:^y^  «iiib*dii. 
Bow,    s.   (jM^   kawi.     The   rainbow, 

-.J5  ^/M^  ibtr<  ibsaA.     A  saddle-bow, 

^j^^y  karhm  (pi-  jj«*-j|/  kardhU), 
A  bow  for  a  fiddle  or  other  instrument, 
^jy»y .  A  bow  used  in  dressing  cotton, 
t»fj>;^  mandaf.  A  bow-string,^ 
watar. 

Bow,  8.  (reverence),  it^  rai^i;  (salu- 
tation), i*Ld  8aldm, 

Bow,  V.  (bend),  -^.^  ^aj.  To  make  a 
bow  or  reverence,  ^j  raka^  J^ 
8allam ;  (to  sink  under  pressure),  JA? 
iolam. 

Bow-bent  (crooked),  ^y\  a^waj. 

Bowels  (pi.  \x/t\  am^d);  tenderness, 
^aLSi  8hafakat, 

Bowl,    8.    (jmIL    td88,    -.Ji    tflMloA    (pi. 

Box,  «.  J^JCm0  8andnL  Bring  out  these 
things  from  the  box,  5«3jb  ^rj-^^ 
j^Jc^t  ^  u^U»-liB)1  ahhrifhauh  al 
hdjdt  mm  a88andilk,  A  small  box,  ^uLc 
^fdbai.  A  snuff-box,  Li^u^  <uLc  ^u^^ 
tti^il^.  A  box  tree,  ^jtA  hah.  A 
box  or  blow,  X^  latmat,  [rahn. 

Box,  f?.  (fight  with  fists),  \^jLxi  iadd- 
Boxen  (resembling  or  made  of  box-wood), 

Boy,  8.  ^g0^  8dhi,  ^^  fata*,  jJ[^  waiad. 
Boy,  is  it  morning  ^jsr\  ^U?  (Jj^i3J|^li 
yet  tt^oM  hal  Uda^  aifajir  f  A  servant 
boy,    i^jlfi^  Jshadim.     Boys,    ^Im*^ 

Boyishness,  L.^  MidA. 

Brace,  v.  JJu  ^atoc?,  i3J>j  robot. 


BEA 


(534) 


BSE 


Brace  (tie),  isAc  ^ukdai.    A  brace  or 

1^'  '^V  *^' 
Braces  (for  trowsen),  C?1IU>>  hammdUi. 

Bracelet,  9»^y^  iW0dr. 
Brackifih,  JU  «ifi/t^. 

Brag,  V.  JS3  takahlar,  j^\i3  tufdihar, 
jss^\  iftdkkar. 

Brag,  9.  lj^\L9  mufaihrat,J^  UikMwr. 
Bragging,  part.  ^V^  mUaJMt. 

Braid,  v.  (weave  together),  uJ  hf.  To 

bndd  hair,^^  i^or.  [lAUln. 

Braid,  «.  L^^  «A«ri^,  ^y^  khatj,  ^\ko 

Brain,  #.  fU J  ditnAgh,  The  membrane 
of  the  brain,  &t«  jJl  /»!  «mm  al  dirndgh. 
Brain-fever,  ^U  J  ,«<«^  humnu^  du* 
mdghlgah.  Brain-flick,  ^Uia!^  Jru^ 
mn^toZ  addumOgh.  Brain-siciaieefl^ 
^UjJt  JLa\  i^iM  M  dimagh. 

Brainless,  ^U  jib  Ma  dim&gh. 

Brake,  preUriU  ofhreak,jt>t^  iatarc* 

Bran,  il\asr  nukhdlat. 

Branch,  ^^^^  gham  (pL  ^;li^f  aghidn), 

braaohed  candlestiok,  ^^\jnt.»A  sAom- 
^«25ii.  A  branch  of  a  river,  Jj  J^ 
jadwal  (pi.  Jjlj^yM25i&tQ«  A  branch 
of  a  family,  j^^ah)  noMh  (pi.  c^LjI 
amdi). 

Branchy,  adj.  ^L2i!i\jJ^JUMrMlagh9dn. 

Brand,  9.  (mark  made  by  boming),  dl J 
ddgh,     A  fire-brand,  ^/^^  Jamrat. 

Brandy,  t.  i^^^j^^^  ^uhfriiuawl, 

Brangle,t. ^l:^  mundM^ak^  «|^  iMsd^. 

Brasier,   $.  (worker  in  brass),  ^/sM^ 

nMi&9. 
Brass,^^^  yjj>ssr  ndhdi  arf»r. 

Brat,  9.  JiW  i^flfji^^^  foaUd  9agkir. 


Brave,  ^u-j?=^  s%l^,  4,g;«>-/irl;  (mag- 

nifiosnt),  ^mIo^  ^fmUm. 
Bravery,  Zclcf^  sityia^o^;  (magnifioaioe), 

JLr\  iflal. 

Bravo,  I.  (assassin),  UjJ)  cJH-ii  n(^ 
«;  ifaiid,  Jili  l&ta.  Bravo  (weU 
done),  aU\  c3liU  ^4/^i(  oOiA. 

BrawB  (the  arm),  Jl^Li  <a^Mf. 

Brawny,  J^iofi  ^oJtZ. 

Bray,  9.  (braise),  ^js^  9(ikak.  To  biay 
(as  an  ass,  etc.),  fj^  naluik. 

Bray,  9.  (of  an  ass,  etc.),  fj^  naUL 

Brayer,  >.  (potmder),  ^^L*  9dhii;  (as 
an  ass),  j;jbl}  ii/tAft. 

Braaen,  (jmIc^ nahd9,  l<*>W «mAM. 

Breach,  «.  (aperture),  ^\ssj\  i/MdK  A 
breach  of  fiEuth,  tXfJ!  ^  Jk£  ghadr  al^M, 

Bread,  J^  MmSs.     Boy,  bring  bread, 

TJnlJBavenedbraad,^^Jd|j«^  khuhfiOir. 

Leavened    bread,    ^^ojL  i^    ijbat 

kkamlr.  Goat«e  bread,  jlLScL  JOtuA- 
idr.    This  is  very  good  bfead,  \iJb 

<a-y^.  Thisbreadisbad,^^JlUir1 1«3J^ 

r  vw^^iv  WW  ww^n^wi^  y  v^vWv# 

Breadth,  ^jC  ^ard^     Aooardiag  t»  the 

hreadA,   U^  ^«fttNi« 
Break,  f^  y»^  Ammt*      The  break  of 
day,  ,^udlt  HMttftA.    To  break  £uUi, 
Jt^ljjL^  ghadmr  ul^akd^  iXfJl  uiJli 
iMi^«  al^ahd.  To  break  an  agreement, 

Ofull  ^  fnM,  id^Ml.  To  faraak 
in  upon  (assault),  f^  hafmn.  To 
break  (melt  as  frost),  s-^  J  tawwai. 
To  break  oat  (beoome  knoim),  j^\ 
ofuhahar. 


BBB 


(625) 


BBI 


/^aur.    Bring  breakfiwrt»  jijSai  v^-^^f^ 

jihfiaar. 
Break&flty  r.  Ui.JtyM^  buar  iwafrd. 
Breast,  UjXo  %aAr  (pi.  j^Ju^  luJfir).  A 

woman's  bxeasti  gF jJ  Mi£E.  The  breast 

of  a  garment,  \,,^^.^jayh 
Breath,  ^^^ij  nafoi  (pi.  (jmUjI  0n/%I«)> 
(yJLj  tanaffits;  (life),  SL».  ^4^; 

(an  instant  of  time),  Hag}  lahtat, 
SSi^i^  ddklkat.  To  draw  breath,  (^;«J:J 
tamffu.     Bhortnesa  of  breath,  Jm<^ 

^j»ii:i\  dlk  annafoB.    A  breath  of  air, 

••    •* 
aamJ  fuu/lm,  iis^  nufkat. 

Breathe,  v.  {j>mj  tanaffas.     To  breathe 

•  • 

odours,  ^  nafaK 
Breathing,  9.  yMJ  tanaffiu. 
BreathlesSy^^/MiJI  9^'^^  tnaktU^annafai. 
Breeches  (or  trowsers),  ^;jl^  pantahn* 
Breed,  v.  (procreate),   jJj  undid;    (to 

produce),  f^S^  Ishtiidh;  (to  contriTe), 

fj^  (kktara^;  (to  bring  up),  ^j 

rMa\  [jj^\  atl 

Breed,  f.  JmJ  imw/,  ^jM^jins;  (species). 

Breeder,  9.  (prolific  female),  i^\j  wdlidat. 

Breeding    (education),    ^y    tariiyaif 

Breeze,  9,  *^  fUMim,  L^  «aM  or  9ubd, 

Breesy,  j<J['^  ^woy. 

Brethren,  ^^^^  akhwdn, 

Bre^^t,  ^di;Jli  p&tmta.     See  Diploma, 

Letters-patent,       [/•^aJii^  mMda9ar, 
Breviat,    breviature,  jL^id^l   ikhtU&r, 
Brevity,  jUaifv.!  ikhitBdr. 
Brew,  «.  (beer),  ^  Jl^a  ^umal  ^IrraA. 
Brew-house,  9.  ir^\  J^4«/t  ma^maZ  u/ 

Mrah.  [ul  blrah. 

Brewer,  «•  2r^t  Ju/^  ^^a!t  ato  y^^f/ 


Brewery,  t.  jr^l  J^ji^  tna^ul  ilrahm 

Briber  f .  if^^  rtuhwifi,  JJ^  ^or^tf. 

Bribe,  1;.  Jl?^  hartal.  To  take  a  bribe, 
J^jfj  tabartid. 

Briber,  9.  ^J^]j  rd«Al,  (J^jf^  mubariiL 

Bribery,  iy^j  ra9hwat. 

Brick,  9.  (for  building),  J^y  ibtrmfi. 

Bridal,  A|f.  i<<#/^  ^urA. 

Bridal,  <•  ^/m^* 

Bride,  9.  y**fj^  iank9  (pi.  j^J]^  ^ardye9). 
The  bride-chiuaiber,  f^Urt  £^j1  aikiai 
ajlfahpid.  The  bride  s  portion  or  pre- 
sents sent  by  the  brideigroom  to  the 
bride,  jt«W  9addL 

Bridegroom,  9.  ^/^jp-  \a/ri9. 

Bridge,  «.  jH^Df-  jwr.  The  bridge  of  the 
nose,  \^V\  Juoi. 

Bridle,  9.  ^\A  Hjam  (pi.  'UA\  ^\  J^ 

^in&n.      A  bridle  ornamented  with 

gold,  etc.),  tjutfvj  roi^^ 
Bridle,  v,   ^je   lajam.    To  bridle  the 

passions,  )a^  dahat,  Js^  kasum. 

Brief,  j;M^  ia«fr,  j«d&L«  mui^toar. 

Brief,  9»  (writbg),  itrL  khatt;  (epitome), 
jlaH  y'd%. 

Briefly,   \j,aSjL»  mukiasiran. 

Briefness,  jlidi>>-\  ikhti9dr. 

Brig,  brigantine,  (^ji\  (brlk. 

Brigade,  9.  \^  Utod, 

Brigadier,  «.  ^^ji^  mlr  Uwd, 

Brigand,  t<«\^  Aoramf,  JJJyUl  ^^ 

kdti^ul  tarlkf  _aJ»  <^£i. 
Bright,  brilliant,  ^\p^  jcXl^  j*^  munfr. 

Brighten,  r.  (make  bright),  ^^  Zaimna^; 

(to  make  gay),  Wj  &Ma<;  (to  be  «r 
grow  bright),  ^yi  dawa\ 
Brightness,  brilliancy,  I^mp  .diffd. 


BBO 


(626) 


BBO 


Brilliant  diamond,  s.  (jmUII  dlmdi.  Set 
in  brilliants,  y^^  mwraua^  /^y^ 
majawhar. 

Brim,  _ZtJf  ^i  futn  (uJuhy, 

Brimful,  ^J^^^^*^  mumtali,  Ji\  ^\  ^U^ 

mumlu  ilalfum, 
Brimfalness,  h^\  mttld. 
Brimstone,  cuo^  kihrU. 
Brine,  JUU  md  mdlih. 

Bring,  v»  <--^l^  j&h.  To  bring  abont 
(effect,  make,  do),  (J^4X  ^mal.     To 

'  bring  forth  children,  jjj.  To  bring 
proof,  (j:^!  (Ubat.  To  bring  off  (die- 
engage)  ^^/ol^  khallas.  To  bring  off 
(dissuade),  ^  ;  ^  mana^.  To  bring 
over  (persuade),   •    v  i  hana^      To 

bring  to  an  agreement,  ^j  waffak. 

So  the  gardener  took  the  pieces  of  gold,  and 
■aid  to  them,  Enter,  and  divert  youiBelyes ; 
for  the  vhole  of  it  is  your  property,  and  sit 
down  until  I  hring  you  something  to  eat, 

Bring,    imp,  j>A^\   ahdir,   djU   hat, 

Brink,  «.  (.J^  ^ara/.  The  brink  or 
bank    of  a  river,  j^\  im^Jo   tar  of 


Brisk  (quick,  spirited),  kuJ  ittMAtY. 
Briskly,  adv.  WIu«:j  i»  nashdt. 
Bri6kness(gaiety),]9  luJ  nof^o^,  -iji/araA. 
Brittle,  j^XrJ]  JjIS    ^3f7    attahUr^ 

UljU  da^if. 
Brittleness,'  («Ja^  <7tfc/,  c^^Jac  ^a^. 
Broach,  %,  i^  slkh,  j^S  s^y^  i^ 

Akk  mwihvfi  kahir. 
Broach,  v.  (pierce),   u^^  takdb;   (to 

split),  JmS«  <Aa^;  (to  utter  or  publish), 
^^f&l  ashhar,  j^\  asAar. 


Broad,  (^^  ^arid,  ^tj  «^d«t^,  ^mJ 
/mIA.  As  broad  as  long,  ^y^  «m(- 
rabha^.  Broad  and  long,  ijbj  ^j^ 
^dan  ioa  tulan. 

Brocade,  3,  ^Vi^  dlhdj.    In  it  was  a 

parilion  of  hrocade,  raised  upon  oolunms  of 
gold,  and  within  this  were  hirds,  the  feet  of 


which  were  of  emeralds,  *^^».*rfc.  w^-^^j 

Broil, ».  i^yot^  I^uiUnuU  (pi.  c:^L«^.as>- 
Mi««timd^). 

Broil,  V,  (grill),  f^yJL  shawa*. 

Broken,  part,  of  break,  j^mC*  maisuTy 

jMiLv^  munhuir.  Broken-backed, j*ai^ 

fnafkur.  Broken  off  or  asunder,  ^La:^ 

munkati^.     Broken  in  pieces,  d^yi^ 

mafiut. 

Broken  (violated),  ^^aSs>u^  muntahid. 

Broker,  »,  JS  J  daldl,  jlubMi^  samsdr,  A 
broker's  hire,  brokage,  brokerage,  Zllj 

dildlat,  A  female  broker,  Ul  J  daildJat. 
Bronchitis,    t.    ^jiJci\  i^j^s^    tnafdri 
annafat,  ^^lfJll1  ilx.  ^illat  ul  tUthdh, 
Bronze,  \ju\ss^  nahdi. 
Brood,  t,  JmmJ  nasi,  ^^uj^jtns* 
Brook,   8.  jJf^j^  nahr  ■  Baghir,  ^L> 

idkiyah. 
Brook,  v.j0^  aahar,  ^JAatr  tahamwud. 
Broom,  L^iL^  mukunsat.        [mukmiiah. 
Broomstick,  Bi  ^LyuyiUl  v_--  n*  koMtd 
Broth,  \{jy^  ihnrha,  ijj^  maraka. 
Brother,  «.  A  akh  (pi.  ^^^f  akkwdn 
and    iyi^\  ukhwat).      The    father's 
brother,  m&  ^am.   A  mother's  brotlier, 
JU^  khdl.     A  brother  in  Ood,  J  ^ 

^1.     A  brother-in-law  (the  siBter's 
iiusband),  j^  ihar.     How  ia  your 


Birc 


(527) 


BUL 


l>rothei  ?  ul^l  JU  uLS  %/  hdl 

Brotherhood,  ^y>-^  ahhamyai. 
Brotherly  (like  or  as  a  brother),  ^ 
^^^^\  ily^  fi  mataalai  akhl. 

Brow,  «•  (the  eye-brow),  ii^^«>-l»-  hdjib.- 
Brown,  ^«4m}1  asmar;  fern.  \jA^  iamrd. 

Brown  sagBLT,  jA^SJia  iukkar  asmar. 
Brownness,  jU^  aamdr^ 
Browse,  v,  ^j  ra^l. 

Braise,  t.  ^A^  sadmat 

Bruise,  v,  a  Ju^  sadam ;  (beat),  J  J  dak. 

Bruised,  jy  J^  madink,  Jy^^"*^  mathok. 
Brumal,  i^fJ^  ihatawl. 
Brush,  s.  ^\j^ji  far$hdffe» 
Brutal  (belonging  to  the  brute  creation), 
4^1^^^  haywdnl,  a^  lahlm. 

Brutality,  JJ9  s«/«»,  LjLjI  ^dfi  ^adam 

ifucLniyah,  [^codam  insdntyah. 

Brutally,  UU^  tuHman^  LjUmJI  <«Jju  hi^ 

Brute, «.  A4j£.t  ^a^Sma^(pl.  aJ[1^  iff^dyim), 

^y^  haywdn  (pi.  d^Ulj«».  Kaywd- 
ndt).     If  an  has  reason,  a  brate  none, 

iaAo  ^aJd  ammd  albahimat /aid. 
Brutish  (resembling  a  beast),  m^\  Jt^ 

misl  al  haMm. 
Bratishly,  ^U^fJf  Ji/<  mul  al  hahlmat. 

Babble,  «.  (a  fraud),  jiXe  ghadft  ^^ 
mikr.     A  bubble,  babbler  or  cheat. 

Bubble,  r.  (cbeat)i  ^Ji/^  ghtuh.  To 
bubble  (blow  as  water  from  a  foun- 
tain), w;  naha^ 

Bucket,  9,  jl  J  dalu. 

Buckle,  9,  (a  curling  lock  of  hair),  «X«>- 

ja^d.  [ja^. 

Buckle,  V,  (to  curl),  uJlj  soAi/ 


Buckler,  t •  ;jm^  ^urf •  [tmir J. 

Bud,  s,  jj  %ar,    A  rose-bud,  Jj^  %j  tar 

Bud,  V.  jjjj  tamuir. 

Budget,  9.  J^^^  (^jLo^^  Ci\ji\  iari 
\jjs^  layhat  irdd  wa  wuudrif  addmoal 
9anamyan»  [jdmiU, 

Buff  (bofEalo  leather),  \j»»y^  jJ^  jM 

Baffiilo,  9,  (or  buffle),  \j»*y^  jdmU9. 

Buffoon,  9.  Xjif*^  nuukharah. 

Bug,  9.  imimi  fiufuBiUy  yjia^\  fji  hak 

al  hUdn.  [(pL  Jjj V  ^A^t^^O* 

Bugbear,  9.  JL^^  khiydl,  fjjy-^  tahtcll 
^°fi»S7  (^1^  0^  bugs),  ^jMUbiuwi^  mufoMJU. 
Bugle,  9.  {or  bugle-horn),  ^^  ^izifc. 

Bugloss  (herb),  jf^l  ^^U  ^Mon  a««iZr. 

Ml 
Build,  v.  y4^  ^mmar,     jj  hana* ;  (to 

depend  on),  JuclaI  i^tnad,  ^JCl  a^- 
ib/.  He  has  built  a  house  on  the  bank 
of  the  riTer,^1  ^iL  Jx.  c:^  ^ 

bona*  hayt  ^la*  9hdii  annahr. 
Builder,  «.  jUjc^  mu^mdr,  w  iannA. 
Building,  9.  1:j  3inS  (pi.  JuijI  abniyat\ 

^L:j  hunydn.    Public  buildings,  JL:j\ 

^jt^  ahniyat  khayriat. 
Built,  ^<V  mt^^^o'y j^'^'A.^  ma^Hr. 
Bulb,  «.  (or  bulbous  root),  Ji^.^  hcual. 
Bulge,  V.  (to  founder,  as  a  ship),  ^ji, 

ghirik. 
Bulimia,  bulimy,  9,  ^AQi\  c^  ju^  td 

iath,jAJ^\  f^J*^i  ^  hakar. 
Bulk  (magnitude),  ^ul&c  ^tamat^  jjj 
kadr.     The  bulk  or  mould  of  the 
human  body,  Jj  kad,  cr-^w^li  kdmat. 

Bulkiness,  L^L^^jtudmaL         [a^fwH. 

Bulky,  j,^M^ja9lm,  *mms)\  aJo^  ^otlm 

Bull,  9,jy  9awr  (pi.  ^^^^  «Trfin),  j'jS'. 

The  constellation  of  the  Bull,  j^jt  ^y 

hurf  a99awr.    The  star  called  Bull's- 


BUR 


(S28) 


BUS 


eye  or  Aldebaran,  f^\ji*^\  addabardn. 

A  bull's  piszle,  L^  iowt* 
Bullety  8.  La\^j  risdu^ 
BuUock,  <»  (yoang  boll),  J.^  ^T. 

Bnlly,  r.  t)s-y  taufo^^,  JiX|7  tahtuU^d, 
Bnlrashy  «.  ^Uoj  kasahe. 
Bulwark,  «•  ^y  bwy,  ^^  ib/^a^. 

Bamp,  a.  ^  no/'M,  aj^  waratn. 

Bxmoh,  i.  (of  flowers),  Sj\j  ddia.  A 
bunch  of  grapes,  J^Aif  ^on^e?,  XLo^. 

A  bunch  of  dates,  ^j^  ihimrdkh. 

Bunch-backed,  c^J^»-i  ahdt^. 

Bundle,  s.  JLs^  h^'e.  A  bundle  of  wood, 
^j>-  huzmat,  A  bundle  of  grass, 
ijjP^  jursat. 

Bundle^  v,  a^\>^  hoMtn, 

Bung,  9.  (^^ji  ir jIjuj  aidddat  harmll. 

Bung-hole,  a.  ^jj^^  manfaa. 

Bungle,  a.  Ui  ffhalat,  l^  XAaid. 
Bungler,  f .  Jjblsj-  jdML 

Bungliijgly,  J^  Jij  htkoljahL 
Bunter, «.  (a  low,  vulgar  woman),  ^ybU 

Buoy,  V,  ir^JjUwii  «Aamd9kfara. 

Buoy,  V.  (float),  U!l  4^-j  ^le.  Ac  ^m 
^ala*  ivajh  almd. 

Burden,  a,  J.^^^  humh  Of  equal  burden, 
Jj  Jfi  ^0(A;.  a  burden  (tax),  ^]/>- 
khardj.  Free  from  burdens  (untaxed), 
uJU^  mu^df,  A  bearer. of  burdens, 
^y^\>^  hdmil.  A  court  in  caravanseras, 
inns,  etc.,  where  they  load  beasts  of 
burthen,  ^U-  khdn. 

Burden,  v.  fj^>^  hamnud;  (to  oppress), 
JJff  %alam.    To  lay  down  or  unload  a 

fauiden,   fj^\  ^Jj  naaud  al  huml. 

He  was  a  imtn  in  poor  ciroamftaiioaB,  who  bore 
bnrdeiiB  for  hire  upon  his  head ;  and  it  hap- 
pentd  to  him  that  he  bore  one  day  a  heary 


burden,  J-iac  JLJ]^-jJJ%>-j  ^^^ 

Burdensome,  L^r^c^  mui^. 

Burg,  «.  ^Lm^  haaahdh,  ' 

Burgess,  «.  (burgher),  tjJJl  ^t  fi^  o^ 

^0^.  [mamlaiat. 

Burgmote,  a.  KLmII  (jJ^^  vuyKa  «/ 
Burial,  ^J  ({0/9i,  ij^^  jin&zai.     A 

burial-plaoe,  ^^;fA^  makbarah. 

Burlesque,  a.  ijs^**^  maahharat. 

Bum,  1^   j^  Aara^.     To  bum  with 

love,   ^jm1£   ^M^ib.      So  when   her 

futher  heard  them  words  from  her,  the  Ughi 
became  darknoBS  before  his  face,  and  hia  heart 
was  tortured  eioeasiTelT  on  her  account;  lor 
he  feared  thtt  she  would  kill  henelC  and  he 

Uli 


was  perplexed  respecting  her, 

i^^  ^J  LJt  jU  aH^I  \jJb  lfM«  \jby\ 

jI^JI  iU  IfcU  Us  j^\^  aib 

Burner,  a.  ^y^  muirtk. 

Burning,  a^  ji\/>'^  (hrdk. 

Burnish,  «•  JLp  mIoL 

Burnisher,  «.  ^Ul  Jll^  aakkdlaaaildk. 

Burnt,  Jj^^a:^  moAraA,  JytMu«  maah^ 
Bursar,  a,  (treasurer  of  a  college),  j\  Jj^ 

i^jX^\  khoMnaddr  al  madraaat. 
Burse,  a,  j\j\i  hdndr,  j:^  aoi.    See 

Market. 
Bury,  V.  ^J  dofan^  j^  iabara* 
Burying,  a.   ^J  is/n.       A   busying 

ground,  ij^Ajf  makbara. 
Bushel,  a.  JJ  kU,  A^  ka^hh 
Business,   JjLI  ahuffM  (pi.  JU^l  mA- 
^Aa/).      Is  your  business  now  com- 
pleted ?   ^)\  (Jilft^  |J  Jjb   Aoi  <am 

ahughlak  aldnf     He  is  exceedingly 
active  in  that  businesst   1j^  j^  m^ 


BUT 


(589) 


BY 


ashakuffhl.  Important  businesai  Af«/«^ 
amr  muMm.  A  necesBary  buainessi 
i5>-l>.  hdjat  (pL  iff^y^-  hawdfff).  A 
manager  of  businees,  ^J^^  tcakil.  To 
appoint  one  to  do  basineas,  jS^  wakkd, 
Pablic  basiness,  dil^\  JU^l  Mhghdl 
(U  mamldkat. 
Boss,  B.  ^^  hoMBdh.  Tobnsa,  ^b  h&n. 

Bast,  «.  Jli<«j  tmsdh 

BostarcL  «.  4^,^h>-  Aii^rf. 

Bustle,  «.  L^L&  ^ty^^i  ^Ojs^  ^j<i^^ 

Boay  (employed),  J^*-ufc*«  nuuhghal, 
Jjclm(u«  mushtaghU.  To  be  busy 
(employed),  Jm^VM^toy^. 

Bat,  ^  lakm,  ut  ommd ;  (except),  1\ 
%Ud.     There  is  no  doabt  bat  if  .  •  • 


'^\  u!3k<2i)  Id  shakhi  anna.      For  if 

mischief  befal  him,  I  perish  inentablT ;  nnce 
I  do  not  enjoy  the  sisnt  of  the  world  but  by 
his  sight,  nor  do  I  delight  saye  in  his  life, 

IWs^i  cuXJjb  j^  ^  J.a^  ^^\  Aili 

And  bat  a  short  time  had  elapsed  when  the 
sea  was  agitated  and  disturbed ;  and  the  unde 
of  the  little  one  came  forth  from  it,  having 

with  him  the  king's  son  safe,  ^^  Ai 

USLi.  Enow,  noble  gentlemen,  that  my 
father  was  one  of  the  chief  merchants  of  Bag- 
dad; and  God  (whose  name  be  exalted!)  blessed 

him  with  no  son  but  myself,  ij-^iJixl 

Batcher,  «.  «_>LdJ  iauib.     The  trade 
of  a  bntoher,  <^LaSi\j\i  h&r  olhaBB&b, 

A  butcher's  shop,  c-rt^f  (j^^  dukkdn 
d  hoBBdh,  A  butcher's  knife,  j^L 
BdHr. 


Batcher,  p.  ^J  uhah^  \^^m  koBBoh. 
Batchery,  J&S  kail,  U Jil^a^  m/%  dtmd, 
Batt»   «.   (at  which  marksmen  shoot), 

uJ  JJb  hadaf,  ^Uj  nMdn ;  (a  barrel), 

^yi^  harmlL 
Butt,  «.  (with  the  horns),  J^  natah. 

Batter,  ^^^  Bomn,  if^j  *uhdah.  Toast 
some  bread,  and  batter  it,  ijy^jAS 
y  jjj  ^lIx  )a>'^\^kammir  Bhuwayyat 

hhuh%  wa  hU  ^atieh  %yhdah,     A  butter 
or  oil  merchant,  ^^uLs  Mmmdn,  JUj 

Butterfly,  «.  ir^lij  loBhBh&rdh, 

Button,  B.jj  %arr  (pl.j\;j'  aardr). 

Button,  P'jjjj  MTMor.  Button-hole,  b. 
g^j£.  ^rtoah, 

Bottress,  b.  J,>ix  ^mud. 

Buxom  (lively),  ^^;i^'*^  muBhhin. 

Buy,  V.  c//--»1  iBhtara*.  We  will  buy 
some  things,  \J^\  fjosc  t^/^  ^«V 
&tMl»d  noBhtarl  ha^d  OBhyd. 

Bayer,  «.  c^^i^*^  muBhiarl. 

Baying,  «•  ^^^t  tBhtird.  Buying  and 
selling,  \jJ^^  wo  hay^  tea  Bhird.  Buy- 
ing on  condition  of  transferring  to  the 
seller  the  debt  of  a  third  person,  ^J 
ll\sSi\  hay^  al  kafdlat. 

Bazz,  V,  (as  flies,  etc.)»  J^J^  wa%wa%. 

Buzz,  buzzing,  «.  Sj^,  wazwafuii,  A^  J^J 
damdamah,  aULc.  yhalghahh. 

By,  4  A  cr*  ^**'  c;^  t****'  ^^  y^^ 
go  by  land  or  water?    ci^LgwJ  Ja 

^^\  J^l^fJ'  ^'  toBdfirfl  al  harawfl 
al  hahr  f    By  me,  ^^j>^  minnl^  ^^^ 

^annl.  By  thee,  Ciow«  minak,  ^^'^ 
^nndk.  By  him,  her,  or  it,  <1:^  mtno, 
JUe  c0»no  (fern,  l^:^  tninhd,  \^ 
^anhd).  By  us,  IL«  mtnna  ILe  ^annd. 
By  you,  *^li/«  tninkomt  S:>^  ^anham. 


34 


CAB 


(580) 


CAL 


By  (or  near)  the  river,^^^  JJ^f  ^and 
annahr.    By  agreementy  JfUj]IU.    By 

heaven,  ^U,  Jib,  41J).  By  chance, 
^  la^L    By  that  which,  Uj  himd. 

By  force,    \j^  jabran.  By  all  means, 

^\   al  lattahy   iLt^b  ^''/  jumlat, 

Lklli  ^''Z  ib/^a^  When  she  drew 
near  to  him,  he  rose  to  her,  standine  npon  his 
feet,  and  seated  her  by  his  side ;  and  she  took 
forth  the  paper  and  handed  it  to  him,  saying, 

Bead  its  contents,  ^jo^  ^U^  ^^^/  ^^ 


C. 


Cah,  «.  ^y:  ^raha. 

Caba  or  Kaba  (temple  of  Kecca),  ^Ui^l 
dka^a.  [doBUat. 

Cabal,  «.  (private  confederacy),  <Uij.*-J 

Cabalistic  (occult),  j^^&«^  mt«*A/l. 

Caballer, «.  ^^L>J  c^^^^^L^fdAti^i^MdyM. 

Cabbage,  ^^x^r  /aitAana,  uJ^iLt  rMJfaf. 
Bring  some  cabbage,  cauliflowers,  tur- 
nips, carrots,  and  cucumbers,  ^^^^^ 

iL^^  yid  shuwayyat  malfafwa  hamth 
hit  ioa  lift  wajmoT  wa  khiydr^ 

Cabin  (of  a  ship),  ^l^  kaiMta;  (a  cot- 
tage), ^^  kohh. 

Cabinet,  «.  (box,  etc.)>  Jj«>^^  Mmffiit; 
(a  private  apartment),  i^ls^  khalwaL 
A  cabinet  council,  ^l^  c>^^^  iAu'an 
khdi.  The  secrets  of  the  cabinet  or  of 
state,  ^^0.^^  j]^\|  aardr  al  tnamlakaL 

Cabinet-maker,  s.  j\sfr  nt^ar. 

Cable,  9.  <U«^  ghomana. 

Cabman,  «.  y^^,j^  ^arabajl. 

Caboose, «.  L..^*^^\  '^^  t^J^  mawda^ 
nuUhakh  al  markah. 


Cackle,  r.  (as  a  fowl,  etc.)f  jji  harakj 

fjM  naknak. 
Cackle,  9.  ^mmj  naknakah. 

Cacochymy,  «.  l9lL>^SI|^  i%Jk!ljLJ  fudd 

uddam  todldkhldL 
Cacography,  s,  lL«!lli  lalx  ghdat  hUimld. 

Cacophony,  ^^  lahn. 

Cacophonic,  cacophonical,  cacophonous, 

^,^^J^  mmlhm  Uh,  laiisll  dj/  karlh 

id  talaffia. 
Cadaverous,  cu^^^  J^  *ntsl  al  fnayyet. 
Cadence  (of  verses  or  periods),  yj^}^ 

aK!1  mli&n  alkaldm.  [mawxun. 


Cadenced,  adf.  ^si**^'mu8t^a^,  uuj^ 
Cadet  (younger  brother),  ^mJI  ^11. 
Cadi,  8.  (judge),  ^li  kddl.       [kafidn. 
Caftan,  «.  (an  Eastern  garment),  ^^)sii 
Csge,  ».  ^joii  kafaa  (pi.  ja\ii\  akfif). 

Cajole,  V.  jL«  imi^^,  uJWi  /^^/l 
Cajoler,  «.  uJl^JU  mif^^(f,  ^jXc!t^^«2;^ 

ibMlr  aHamhk. 
CaitifP,  *.^^  «AaHr,  ci^j.*f^  khahu. 
Cake,  «.  ^(^^  iU^Vi,  ul^  iba&ib.    Bring 

bread,  sweetmeats,  and  cakes,  ci^*U 

u^^  CjI^jJ^  hdt  khului  wa 


halwiydt  wa  ka^. 

m 

Calamitous,  ^jm^^^  fnanhm. 
Calamity,  <U;»a^  musihat,  lUs^  mtAnii^. 
Calash,  s,  (carried  by  camels,  etc.),  ^^^yb 

hawdaj. 
Calcine,  v.  ^^*SS  kallas. 

Calculate,  v.  {^^m*>^  hanab,  o^  ^add. 
Calculation,  calcule,  <^La»-  hisdh 
Calculated,  ^JyM3^*  mahsub. 

Calculator,  «.  ^.^wsls^  miiAdW^. 
Calculus,  8.  (stone  in  the  bladder),  iy,a>- 
luuwat,  (.^L*>-  hi8db.     Differential 


calculus.  ^JutfUnil  J^  ^Im  ul  tafiditl. 


CAL 


(531) 


CAM 


Integpral  calcoloB,  _^Usll' Jx  ^Om  ul 
tamdml. 
Caldron^  #.  Jk*  Mtf,  ^^|j5  kasOn. 

Calendar,  «•  (almanac),   ^^  tatwlm 
(pL  |WjU7  takdt^m). 

Calender,  fr.  (smooth  cloth,  paper,  etc.), 

Ja^  »abd.  [kdUnder. 

Calender, «.  (Mohammadan  monk)>  j  jjj 

Calenture,  «.  (ferer  peculiar  to  hot  di- 

matesX  i<^^^  hmMnni. 
Calf,  #.  J^  ^ij^7  (fern,  llsf-  ^^,  pi. 

Calibre,  ^Lc  ^dr. 

Calico,  ^U.  khdm.   Printed  caKoo,  |%U. 

frjJa^  khdm  mathn^. 
Calif  or  Khalif,  aLU  Uo^of. 
CalJ&te,  J^JlU.  i^Ao/S/aJ^. 
Caligraphy  (beautiful  writing), 

Caligraphist,  «.  LlLdL  khattdt.  I  said 
unto  him,  I  am  a  lawyer,  a  learned  man,  a 
writer,  an  arithmetician,  and  a  ereat  caii- 
graphist.  Thy  profession,  he  said,  u  profitless 

in  our  country,  JLc  sj^  J,\  ^  wrL.JiJ 

Call,  r.  ^^  MraM ;  (name),  ^^a-* 
aamnu^;  (to  invite),  ^^  ^osffm.  To 
call  before  a  judge,  ^\j  rd/a^,j,ds^\. 
To  call  together  (convoke),  %.^«^ 
jama^.  To  call  (proclaim),  ^^jU  wddb'. 
To  call  (visit),  j\j  %dr.  To  call  back 
to  life,  L»-1  ahi^d.  To  call  in  question 
(to  doubt),  CX^  ihak.  To  call  one 
in  question  (to  interrogate  him),  J'L 
ioal.  To  call  to  account  for  money, 
L^^wU.  hdub.  To  call  for  help, 
^^IxiUijI  Uta^n.     To  call  to  witness. 


Jf&  ihahhad.     Call  the  porters,  2f  J^t 

^^Ikirt  indah  al  hammdhn* 
Call,  i.  ^Jd?  ^0&i&,  \jj  n$dd;  (a  df* 

mand),  <^Jiff  ^^iM,  U-^  ni^;    (an 

order),    Jl*-   AvAm.      Obedient  te  a 

call,  ^^ix^  mti^f  ^. 
Called,  c.j'^lLk^  matiah ;  (named),  ^X***^ 

mumama'  \    (to  be  named),    ,JLj 

^Sanmina'.  [sion),  JLcm^  Mii^a^. 

Calling,  L^'^lt^  fti£i^.    A  calling  (profes- 
Callous  (insensible),  {ji*y**s^j^  ghayr 

mahiits,  yu^^tj  htid  hass. 
Calm  (placid),  u^^U  Adi^,  ^  J^  t£?tMft^  \ 

(not  stormy),  ^<»^l>0  «<sAl. 
Calm  (tranquillity),  *yMb  kadu. 
Calm,  V.  ^^JJb  hadda\  ^JL»  takkan. 
Calmed,  ^L  8dk$n,  ^^jU  hdt^. 
Calmer,  $.  t^J^  muhaddu 
Calmly,  ^^  Jij  hikol  sakun. 
Calmness,  S^\sjb  haddwat.     Calmness  of 

mind,  JUI  f^f  jjb  haddwat  al  hdL 

Caloric, «.  ij\j^\  ijU  mddat  id  hardrah. 
Calumniate,  v.  >f»  taham. 

Calumniator,  8.  ^b  tdhim,  ^Uj  nam- 
mdm,  lJ/^  muftarl. 

Calumny,  calumniation,  Ia^  tuhtnat, 
^li^  duhtdn,  \jii\  iftird. 

Cambric,  «.  i^iJjj^  kamhrlk. 

Camel,  •.  (a  he-camel),  J.^s^- jamal;  (a 
she- camel),  Ii\}  ndhat.  A  camel* 
driver,  JUsj- /amwd/.  Camel's  hair, 
CXjii;  taftlk.  [hukdmiln. 

Camelion^  lT^    WiofeA^f,   ^^^^^ 

Cameleopard,  «•  ^1  ij  zurdfa. 

Camelot,  camlet,  uJ^  ^/,  ^ll  ^Adft^ 

Camp,  #.  i/^^'  <^^»  A  royal  camp, 
j^^«  fc/^j^)  <>»*^  mii/dAi.  To  pitch 
a  camp,    ^»«jL   khayyam.     A  trench 


(532) 


CAS 


vmAn, 


/9  d"*^ 


•€Ar, 


Caspeitnl  lidoDgiag  to  fidds),  «^ 
Csmphor,  jry*<^  htjkr,    A  emphflnled 

go^  k^^^\  fj^j^\  \i\  ma  Mir  m 
mUiah.  Can  lie  ipak?  ^j'^^i^ 
fiSsjialfmUirmiftaMiUmrYaalf 

I  rejpAid  tliii  bvucki  m  a  ibir.  The  uiiwib 
Mith  OB  tidf  ndiieet :  Cairtioii  b  the lulf  of 
d^vernoi ;  c— tiBB»  tbcrefora»  luwinji  ae  to 
cmnne  tint  bRMh,  aad  to  ne  if  I  en  find 
tben  ay  nne  that  BBj  lead  to  perditMB  nd 

destrucCioii,  ijuCoZJljJf  xjJb  ^^t  «J|^ 

^\  i^Jy  iJuJUU  Jl:^  Jc»-1  ^^^ 

CauaOe,  s.  jUjl  tfi^  ^^U^  JiU 

Canal,  '•  J^^  lrttgh6%j  ,^JljL  i^Aol^'. 
Canary-birdy  #.    f^*^  lamdriya. 

m 

Cancel^  «.  15^^  mnih^^  '^  muakh. 

Canceller,  i^j^Lt^^  eansdUer. 
Cancelling,  cancellatian,  ys^  mahu. 

Cancelled,    .^^"^    mumhi,  C^yi...sf* 

tnahkah* 
Cancer,  9.  (disease),  ^IW^i  Mrtdm,  ^\ 

akile;  (a  crab),  ^UmLj  sal^aULn;  (the 
celestial  sign),  ^^%J^  tartan. 
Candid,  ^^\  ah^^ad;  (sincaie),  jjU 

Candidate,  «.  c-JlL  tdhh^ 
Candidly,  jjjlj  &»&m£L 


e^ 


of  n 


A   cmdle 
^.     The  wick 
J-=i  >«  (pL  jyci 


f«^     A 


c^ 


jJ||B  t^fo  CUHBQilBBllCks  COF 


C7=^ 


LS'Sf 


;^1  ttii^lE 


Caad J,  r.  ^^^  Jac  ^imm^ 


To 


(fonn  into 
;  (to  gnnr 


Can^  «.  If^  himhMk.    A  cane  «r  walk- 

ing-ataf^  Lac  ^fsd* 
Cane,  9.  Lai!b  <-r^  dW«3  hil^ssd, 
Canieole,  «•  cJLtJ^  «^/^  ^^'^^  tMg^< 

«A«^o/ fMRdi^jp^Ul  i*lj1  oyydai  ul 

hdkor. 
Canine,  «4^  l^^  hMn,  Canine  honger, 


Canine  madneas^  C;Ji3\  Mo  dM  ioA. 

Canister,  t.  UJ  (licJ  ^  If^  tpo^d  mta 

toiiaib  /tTsid. 
Canker,  t.  ^  oiUM. 
Cannibal,  #.  ^^Ul  ^1^  J^  ^,m«  sum 

ydihf/  2sA«i  ti/  Md«. 
Cannon,  «•  c^jl'  ^y  r:^*^  wtadju^.   A 
cannoneer,  ijsfr^  iobfl. 

Cannot,  amx.  9.  n$^ive  (for  oan  not),  I 

cannot, jjJil  1  la  akdir. 
Canon,    ««    c^y^   lan^n    (pL  ^^y 

iUt0dfifi>),  JjkfiU  h&^dat  (pL  Jhcty 

ibiu^d^uQ,      To  frame  canons,  w^ 

^y  US\  K^odld^  id  JblnAii.     A  book  of 

canons,  ^j^\^\  <^\^kiMalkawanlln. 
Canonical,  (JJlS  idnHai. 


CAP 


(638) 


CAP 


Cant  (barbaroQfl  language),  Ui^  ^htUU; 
(auction),.  j\u  numdd;  (hypocrisy)! 
J^  mahr,  \ij  riyd. 

Canter,  «. j\L^  makkdr,  i^U yhdth* 
Canticle,  «•  (hymn),  ^f^***^  iaMhyjyy% 

nuam^r,  JumJ  nashld.  The  Canticles 
of  Solomon,  jlujSl  JumJ  naahid  ul 
amih&d* 

Canton,  «.  (tribe),  ^,yi  h^llai'^  (a 
parcel  of  land),  ^uLlL«. 

Canton,  «.  ^tJi  k<u84$m, 

Canraa  (doth),  ^jJJus^  jtnfU. 

CanyasB  (inquiry),  ^Ju-^oJu  taftuh;  (soli- 
citation), i^A]c7  taldb,  ^ 

Canvasser,  «.  ^^aiP^  muta/ahhii. 

Cap,  <.  ij^yij^  tarboah,  A  Mo(»rish 
cap,  ^/mJ^  (called  by  the  Spaniards 
Albomoz). 

Capable,  J;Ij  kaM,jJi  hdUr;  (inteUi- 
gent),  (.J;lc  ^dri/»  Capable  of  busi- 
ness, j^JJ  c-.«»^li0  #dAt^  ^dKi^ir.  ^0 
be  capable,  J  Ji  kider. 

Capableness,  capability,  ^li  hdhil%y<U, 
SjiXi  kudratf  jIjucu^I  tiU^dOd, 

Capacious,  '  ^^^^  wdsi^,    *f^   fatHh^ 

Capaciousness,  Xftw»^  was^tf  Im^  fnhaL 

Capacity.  See  Capableness,  Capacious- 
ness. The  intellectual  capacity,  iyi\ 
^jXii\  oH  kuwai  al  mudrikai.  A  good 
capacity,  ^If^  muhdrat;  (state),  ^l>- 
hdlat. 

Caparison,  W£..n£k«  •  rakhi. 

Cape,  «.  (headland),  J»^  \jii\j  rdifoM. 

Caper,  «.  (a  pickle),  jUi  ioiidr.    To 

caper,  hj  naii, 
Capilarity, «.  iLi^U  fUUMfiyah. 
Capital  (chief),  ^Ju^t  Mil;  (criminal), 


Capital,  t.  (chief  city),  A:>LLJlj^J  ddr 
attalUttktt.  A  capital  stock,  JUS\  ^U 
rd«  al  mH.  The  capital  of  a  pillar, 
Jy4ji\  ^\j  rds  al  ^amUd, 
Capitation,  «.  (poll-tax),  h^jtuiyat. 
Capitulate,  v.  (surrender  on  conditions), 
L^^yj  aLi  utUam  hi  ahitriii.     [jthurilL 

Capitulation,  «.  ^j/^u  aJumj  fM^m  ^' 

Capon,  <•  ^^Asr^  *^^*^  ^  mukhah 
Caprice,  cjL^  iojif,  ^^yb  hawa\ 
Capricious,    adf,    ^^Ls.^    mutalawwin, 
L^m[h^  mutakaUib. 

m 

Capriciousness,  $,  ^flaS^  ^^  talauncan 

attabi^f  ^  JaV  iakaUuh. 
Capricorn   (sign  of  the  zodiac),   ^y 

Captain,  «.  ^^Uxi  kapidn,  ^m^jL\  \j^^j 
rayii  al  marhtb,  A  captain-general, 
^  «ifll1,^i.^\  amir  ul  mard. 

Caption,  yjiLi  kdbi. 

Captious,  f^JiJ^  mu^tarid,  iJji\jjS 
katfr  ul  ghdlahah^  &  jU^  kkddi^ 

Captivate,  t.^1  asar,  ^^^  mM,  He  then 

looked  at  her,  and  said  to  her,  Beeoend,  0  my 
mifltrew ;  for  I  am  a  yiottia  of  thy  lore,  and 
thine  eyes  have  captivated  me.  It  is  on  account 
of  me  and  thee  that  this  distwrhanoe  and  these 

oonflicts  took  place,  JUjUJt^  ^\  J 
Captive,  ^«^\  Mfr.     She  therefore  said 


to  him,  0  thou  endowed  with  comely  qoali- 
ties,  I  am  the  Qneen  Joharah,  and  I  nare 
fled  because  Saleh  and  his  troope  hare  fought 
with  my  fiither,  slain  his  troope,  and  made 
him  a  captive,  tooether  with  some  of  hia 
troope;    so   I   flea    in    fear    for    myself. 

jib  9^j^j  iriX:i>-  \^y  ^\  ^  \p\jij 


CAB 


(634) 


CAE 


Capture,  ij^e.  ffh&rat,  J^\  4Mi^   ^ 

faik^j^Js*^  tuskhir. 
Car,  8.  SJjC.  ^aha. 
Carabine,  «.  ^^\Ji  karahlna. 
Caravan,  fj\^j^  k&rawa%  ddi\S  haJQah 

(pi.  Jify ).     The  chief  of  a  caravan, 

Carat,  «.  L1^  h,rd.U 
Caravansera,  «•  ^Uw  i&Aa». 

Caraway,  «.  f[j];^  hirdwiydh. 

Carbon,  «.  j^^t  if  jU  m&dat  tdfahm. 

Carbonaceous,  4idf,    ^4^  fahml, 

Carbuncled  (set  with  carbuncles) 


Carcass,  9.  iLs^ji/at. 
Card,  jij^  fcarak.    A  card  for  cotton, 
etc.,  ^ls^,nuMdj\  [nadaf. 

Card,  V.  (to  card  cotton),  .J^  halty\  uJ  jJ 
Cardamom,  J  1^1  lI-.^  ^3  a/  Ad/. 
Carded,  uJ^ jc^^  mandnf,  ^^^^^  mahluj* 

Carder,  9.  (of  cotton),  ^\^  haHdj, 
Cardinal,  ^1^\  0911,  Jl^J*^  karifn&l. 
Care  (attention),  tX>-jad,  ij^i^  hoHrat; 

(caution),  LL::L».t  ihtiyat,  jd>»^  hasar; 

(anxiety),  (^\Ja^\  itfirah;  (regard), 

J^    mayU,  j\s^\    i^ibdr,    CuUsSl 

tlttfai. 
Care,  9.  or  to  be  carefUl,  f^\  dhtam.    To 

care  for  (regard),^^W'^toiar.  To  have 
a  care  (to  be  cautious),  jja»-t  ihtasutr. 

Careful  (provident),  J^L^  ^kU ; 
(cautious),  <U;:>^  muntah%h\  (full  of 
anxiety),  ^j^lLo^  mudtarih.  He  is 
a  carefhl  man,  (j^^jLa^  (J^>^  or 
ij^i^  ha  rqffd  muhtari9  or  Aarl«. 

Carefully,   U^Us^-l  ihUydian. 


Carefulness,  tU:;.^!  Miydtf  iLcJU 
Careless  (negligent),  Jilc  yhdfii,  ^^ 

9dhl. 
Carelessly,  JUj^l  JG  3tib/  lAmd/. 
Carelessness,  JUj^\f%md/,^Uj^A4/W. 
Careen,  # .  (to  stop  leaks),  laiii  ibi{/Si<. 
Career,  «.  (race-ground),  ^^iX-»^  mtf^ilaii 

(pi.  ^;J43L^  may^n);   (full  speed), 

^/oSj  raid.     To  spur  a  horse  to  full 

career,  ^Li  9dk. 
Caress,  9.  ^j3^   tamdUuk.     Flattering 

caresses,  CLi^UlolL*  mtddtafai. 

Caress, «.  ^j^iU  mallak,  i^Jiei  Idtaf.  Then 

the  damsek  remaiiied  with  him  for  the  mot 
of  a  whole  month,  cheering  him  by  tneir 
*  aocietv,  and  careesing  him,  bat  ereiy  day  he 
became  more  iU{  and  whenever  they  bebeU 
him  in  thiB  state,  they  wept  Tiolently  lor  him, 

J^lf^  ifjb«  ifJCX^^l  4JL?UJ^  ^  J 

C^^  ^^J  ^^^3  ^-^--J^ji  cA 

^Jla  i^\j  U^j  <u^  ^Jx  U^  J\jjt^ 

Cargo,  «.  ^JLij  wa9kat. 

Carman, «.  ^^f  i^^r^\^  9dhih  al^aba. 

Carmine,  _Li!  la^. 

Carnage,  Jsj  £a^. 

Carnal,  (JUwyu^-ytMrndnf ,  <JLma3  iu^^iii. 

Camality,^^Uy  tou'Jlafi,^Mitfr^1  l:j\j^\ 

a9h9hawdt  id  lahmiydh. 
Carnally,  iy^L  J^G  hikol  9hahwai, 
Carnation  (colour),  _^ULc  ^loifid^f ; 

(flower),  (Jijy  kurunftd. 
Camelian,  ^J^^-ifi  ^aiHib. 
Cameous  (fleshy),  Jtsr^  tmdhim. 
Carnival,  9,  ^^  tnarfa^ 

Carnivorous,  ^j^y^^  i^^^^  ahpuhOtk 

qj^'atpdrih,  [^kkamUh. 

Carob,  9,  (plant),c^^  kharnih,L^yj:>^ 

Carousal;   «,   isL^i   diydfai,    Ju£    ^d, 


CAE 


(635) 


CAS 


Carouse,  v.  (drink),  l^jJ^  tharib,  /^c\j 

nadama»  Her  name  was  The  Boee  in  the 
Calyces  {at  The  Unhlown  Boee),  and  the 
reason  of  her  heing  so  named  was  her  excewiye 


deliouy  of  heanty,  and  her  perfect  eleeanoe ; 

onsinff  witQ  her, 
on  acconnt  of  her   accomplished  mannerB, 


and  the  King  was  fond  of  carousing  wiu 


Carpenter,  s-J^  najjj&r.  The  trade  of 
a  carpenter,  ij\aC  nijdrat. 

Carpet,  l^Uuj  hUatf  LmSC^  tunfusat,  A 
carpet  on  which  they  prostrate  them- . 
selves  at  prayer,  xj\is^  aqjifddah*  We 
want  some  small  carpets,  ^MJi}^ 
tfjJt.p  d^ljl^  ^(Systn  aqffddat  sag- 
hlrhah.  [id  atmdr. 

Carpology,  9.  j\4ji\  (J..«fi^  Jx  ^Im  haha 

Carriage  (of  loads),  il^A^  humulai; 
(condoct),  (Jac  ^Mmdl.  A  carriage 
(ooacb,  cart,  etc.),  djjC  ^aba,  %^^y, 
^Ujj^^  harosna.  Get  ready  the  car- 
riage, ^^Ji\ji^  haddir  dl  karoisa, 
A  carriage  in  which  women  travel  on 
camels,  etc.,  ^^y^  hawdtfj. 

Carrier,  «.  jUk>-  hammdh     A  letter- 
carrier,  i^^iLiW  J,^U.  Mmil  ai  mdh- 
ioh,  Js\j  ndkU. 
Carrion,  ^J  ld$hai,  isus^jifat 
Carrot,  jJp^  Jastar,  [hdon  tdjoMr, 

Carroty,  adf,  jj^\  ^^  9jmJ^  tha^aha 
Carry,  v,  J-in>-  hamal ;   (to  transport), 
^JaJ  ndkah     To  carry  or  behave  one- 
self,  J-««lc  ^mal.     To  carry  off  or 
awaj,  ^j  rafa^     To  carry  oneself 
carelessly,  JiU7  iaghdfdl. 
Cart,  $,  ijjS>  ^aha. 
Cartilage,   $.   <— 'j/^  ghadruf.      The 

cartilage  of  the  nose,  i^^^  kasahat. 
Cartilaginous,  iJ^j^  ghadrHfl. 


Cartography,  «.  CjUt^Is^I  a.«ij  ^  fivn 

roitn  id  khdrtdt 
Carve,  v.  (in  stone,  wood,  etc.)*  (j^ 

nakash.  To  carve  (meat),  ^^  tharrah, 

^ai  katta^ 
Carved,  ^^c^  tnankiuh. 
Carver,  «•  ^U3  nakkdBh. 

Cascade,  #.  ^^\^  ^J^  J-p-  ^  k^j^j^ 

nahrjdri  min  jaM  ^M  wddl^  JlLl 
MhdUdl. 
Case,f.  (box),  ^J^JC^^  MmJfiit;  (a  sheath), 
uJlU  ghUdf.  A  needle-case,  i^^^ 
mi^^a^.  A  case  (state  of  any  matter), 
Jl»-  ^/,  j^\  amr.  The  truth  of 
the  case,  JUli  JUg^to-  haklhU  (dhdl. 
Suppose  the  case,  \jji  faradan.  The 
statement  of  a  case  in  writing,  ijya 
Jl^l   iUrat  dl  hdl,    ,«as:^   mahdar. 


And  if  the  case  he  ao,  we  will  eanip  thee,  and 
will  ionmey  with  thee  to  thy  nome  and  thy 
Mends,  that  we  may  have  the  honour  to  be 


with  thy  relatives  and  companions,  ^\i 

Casement,  «.  ^/^  cJu^  shubhdk 
iha^igeh. 

Cash,  i^ij  nakd  (pi.  J^  nuifii). 

Cask,  «.  (barrel),  (J;*^  harmil.  A  cask 
of  wine,  JuJ  ^Is^  khdhiyat  nabld. 

Casket,  «.  ^LLc  ^t^0^,  <U.^  kas^at. 

Cassia,  (lig.),  ^licjLi  sallkhah ;  (fistula), 
jfiJ^jLs-^  khiydr  shanhar. 

Cast,  V.   ^^j  rama\  ^Jo  tarah.     To 

cast  (condemn),  Jle»^  hdkam.    To  cast 

up,  ^.  outfit.  ha9iah\  (to  vomit),  9^/^ 

istafragh.    To  cast  away,  -Jb  tarah; 

(to   be  wrecked),   ^JjC  ghirik.     T" 
cast  the  eyes  towards,  Joj  noM/r. 


CAT 


(536) 


CAV 


cast  (model)i  jya  saunaar*      To  oast 

the  balance^  f^J  rajjdh. 
Cast,  «•  ^j  rami.     A  cast  or  mould, 

Li^li  hdlib.     A  cast-away  (infidel), 

j5^  k&fir,  Jj«X^  makhgnh 
Castigate,   p.   (punisb),  l-^U  ^hah'y 

(to  correct),  c^31  addah, 
Castigation(cha8la8ement),<UyLe  ^huhaty 

c^'Ue  ^ikdh'y  (emendation),-.)L0lM/£A. 
Castle,  9.  ijJj  kal^t.      The  bastion  of 

a  castle,  ^Uclill  ^^  hury  al  kal^t,     A 

strong  or  impregnable  castle,  ^j-a^ 

^^ji^a^  hunm  hMln.    A  moat  round 

a  castle,  o^^  matnu, 
Castor-oil,«.  9jj^^  \j:^jwntullhwrwa^. 
Castrate,  v.  y^a:>'  hhastf. 
Castrated,  ^^^ass^  mukhfU. 

Castration,  l.d£^\  ikhtQ. 

Casual,  JU;t  ittifahl. 

Casually,    \i\ij\  itiifdkan. 

Casualness,  i^fj^  ^^  ^fi^^  ^ridiyat. 

Casualty,  «•  (j\ij\  ititfdk. 

Cat,  f.  ]aj  kitt;  (a  she-cat),  ^  Intta. 
This  cat  has  large  claws,  ^  laiSnijJb 
gj^  j^^\  hamO,  al  hUt  laho  OMdflr 
Idblrdh. 

Catalogue,  f .  i^j^  fahrisaL 

Cataplasm,  s,  JLac^l  labkha, 

Catapulta,  «.  J^j^xs^Ut  man^'anlk. 

Cataract,  «•  J^  m^Z  (pi.  J^«<^  wyilZ), 

Catarrh,  aI^  sujtdm,  Jji  nut/. 
Catastrophe,  «.  lb  hala,  ^Lm^^  iTUMfiaA 

(pi.  L^*JLx«  fnasdffib). 
Catch,  V.  clCii^  ffiM^Jfc.     To  catch  (to 

be  contagious),  (^*Xe  ^ada\ 
Catch,  «.  (seizure), CXma^  ma»k;  (trick), 

^^gJj  taXbUfji^ji  tot^fr;  (contagion), 

b^  tt'oid.  A  catch  (hook),  ^li  kaOdle. 


Catcher,  i,  ^^U  J^iuZ. 

Catechism,  «.  ^^j^U^i!!  |»Jju  ^o^ftm  «/ 

Catechize,  if.  i^ljcSf  J^  ^o/Zmm  atia^lim. 
Categorical,  ^Ll  «Ad/t.     A  categorical 

answer,  ^J^  ^-'^y^  yaird&  lAo/t, 

^Jtfli  i-r'Usf-  jawdh  kdti^. 
Catenarian,  J^mLmCL^  mutoiolsil. 
Catenate,  r.  j}^  jaruutr. 
Catenation,  J^uJuaJ  toioltul,  <^i.Im.\  ..i  mZ- 

«t7a^ ;  (regular  connexion),  ijlc  ^o/a- 

^/,  ^UmsI:^  mundiihat,         [muMhhU. 

Cathartic  (a  cathartic  medicine),  iJfM/* 
Catholic  (universal),   i^y^^  ^umftml. 

A  Boman  Catholic,  ^JJy^  katolikl. 
Catholicon,  «.  (universal  remedy),  ^\& 

mm 

Cattle  (of  the  larger  kind),  {^ys^  A«y* 

wdn  (pi.  (i^Ul^;»»-  haywdndt)f  y<^^y 

mawdihi. 
Cavalcade,  a.  ^m^y  mawkah. 
Cavalier,  «.  (horseman),  JL^  kkayydly 

(jMjU  fdr%9*  [.jT^^^  muiakahbir. 

Cavalier(brave),J^L^mtf^drMf;(haughty), 
Cavalierly,^^!^  JG  hikol  takabhur. 

Cavalry,    J^   khayL      The    enemy's 
cavalry    attacked    us,    jJmII   ^Lc>- 

U^4»acvSt  khiydlat  al^U  %k(aham^nd. 

Cave  (cavern),  ij\JL^  maghdrai.  Then  I 

looked  within  the  care,  and  beheld  a  hiig« 
serpent,  sleeping  at  the  upper  end  of  it  oyer 

its  eggs,  J;UJ1  Jfl^-b  ^  Ci^iJl  jj 

Caviare  (salted  eggs  of  sturgeon  or  other 

fish),  jU^  khuhydr* 
Cavil,  #.  (frivolous  objection),  (jo|/^1 
)b  ^itirddhild  ma^\ 


CATJ 


(637) 


CEL 


il,  f^.   ^^>«^*i  J^jr^^  t^rad  bm 

ight,  part,  of  Catcb,  {I^^ma^  maffuak. 
il,  9.  (small  net),  iJLii  ahabakat. 
iliflower,  s.  )i2^y  kamoMi. 
ilk»  V.  (a  ship),  kilS  ialfat 
Ti3al,  j^^li  y&^i'lf  H-^^*  wtyVJ. 
*U8e, «.  c,  v««i  «a5a(  (pi.  c^U^aI  ash&h), 
vi^^U   &cI^m;    (a    lawsuit),   t^^^ 
(itf^f^a'  or    \^f    iful\j^  murdfa^at. 
The  cause  and  effect,  Cyij  J^^^.    The 
particular  cause,  ^U^  i».'»fi  M^ai 
IM9,  The  legal  cause,  i5'^;--»  c-^^^ 
mii/ii  <^ar^I.       The  evident  cause, 
Jblb  v_  -  -*       The    material    cause, 
^jtt  Ha  ^t72a^  maddiyat     To  carry 
on  a  cause  at  law,  ^\j  rdfa^.  With- 
out cause,  s„,^^^y%i)  htld  mUjib,  Why 
do  you  laugh  without  cause?  IjU! 

c^w  L  ijjisr^  lima%a  tadhak  htld 
•  •      • 

9abdb.     Cause  (pretext),   Ha   ^illat, 
jLu  ta^alM. 
Cause,  9.  ,J.4X  ^ama/,  c.,,>^.»..<  «aMa5.  To 
cause   sorrow,    J1   o/^tim,    ^i  gham, 

^j^\  ahssan.     I  have  caused  this  to 

be  an  admonitioii  from  me  unto  him,  and 
a  (^aige  which  I  give  him  in  eonfidence, 

*  4j  J>1  _:^  4X}U1^ .    For  he  will  cause 

thy  oonntry  to  beicome  a  desert  in  which  the 
raTen  shaU  croak.  Thus  I  have  delivered  to 
thee  the  message ;  and  peace  be  on  thee ! 

fAJ\^  i\LJ\  C^  Jil3\  U^ 

Caused,  J^*fc«  maf^ul.  [mUjib. 


Causeless,  causelessly, 
Causeway,  Jj^  iarik. 
Caustic,  Jjas^  mukrik. 


^r^ 


h  htld 


Causticity,  ^UijU-  hdrkiyaL 
Cauterization,  t.  ^\  ^f  kawi  aOahm. 

Cauterise,  v.  c//  kawa*. 
Cauterized,  c/^^  mukawwa*. 
Cautery,  «.  (or  the  mark  mada  by  it), 
^  kay.      Cauterizing  instruments, 

i\^  mikwdf. 
Caution  (prudence),  WLi>.<  \ht%ydt,j^dj 
tadblr,  jS>^  hasutr ;  (security),  iJU^ 
kafdlai,  JJ^  kafil ;  (warning),  i$^ 
noAhaU 

MM 

Caution,  v.  ,^  nasahfjS^-  hauar. 

Cautioner,  %•  ^j^^  damln. 

Cautious,  Mr"— 1  (^...^^U  idhib  ihiiydt, 

jis^s^   muhtatir,   )aLp^  mutayakkk. 

To  be  cautious,  laLj  tayakkaz,  ^/^;S^f 

ihtaroi. 
Cautiously,  tUa^-l  Jij  *<M  t^^iya^ 
Cease,  v.  (leave  off),  ^^Jl:^  A^oto,  CJjj 

iarak,  ijfwragh.  When  they  plunged 

into  the  sea,  they  ceased  not  in  their  course 
until  they  arriyed  at  the  palace  of  Saleh, 
where  they  entered;  and  his  grandmother, 
the  mother  of  his  mother,  saw  him,  as 
she  sat,  surrounded  by  her  nearest  relatiTes, 

l^jUl  Ujcxj  iJuili  ^j  i^\  f^  ^^ 
Ceaseless  (perpetual),  J\ii  ddyim. 
Ceaselessly,  'adv.    ^UaAJl  ^    ^  min 

ghayr  inkitd^ 
Cecity,  «.  U^  ^amd. 
Cede,  v.a.  JL  saUama,  \lSf  taraka. 
Cedar,  •.  (tree),  Jj^  wrM^a^. 
Ceiling,  t^Ji^  iakf,  ^1^  tou^d». 
Celebrate,  v.  ^J^  moeltfA.     To  celebrate 

a  festival,  Ju&  ^d^yiM^* 
Celebrated, j^fMU  maikhur,  ^^J^^  w'^ 


CEN 


(638) 


CEB 


Celebration  (solemn  performance  or  re- 
membrance), t^j^  Juf  .^{i  «Wi/'; 
(praise),  -.x«  madh,  Jw^^^  hamd;  (ceLe- 
brity),  jlfJil  iehtih&r,  X^kc  ^asMmat 

Celebrity,  «.jlfJal  tsMthdr,  ij^  shihrat 

Celerity,  isj^  sur^t,  Hjb^  ^alaU 

Celery,  a,  {j^^  harafi. 

Celestial,  ^jr^U^^i  Mmdwl,  l5^  fidaM. 
The  celestial  inhabitants,  UyJf  Jjbl 
a^  assamd. 

Celibacy,  ^j|j£  ^nu^tya^. 

Cell,  «•  X[^\j  %amyatf  hc^ya  aauma^t. 

Cement  (glue),  Lc  ffhard ;  (for  building), 
^j^  tin;  (union),  oU^i  Mihad, 

Cement,  v.    (unite),    J^^   u^^m/,    a^ 

Cemetery,  2N;^  ma^ara. 
Cenotaph,  9,M^  ma%dr. 
Cense,  «.  ^rlr^  htardj. 
Censer, «.  (for incense),  iJi\^  mthkharat. 
Censorions.  ^Uj  >»».«4m. ' 
•  Censoriousness,  f^  maldm^ 
Censurable,   *^J  zamlm  (fem.   X^.-*^ 
ttimfma^).  [latffm. 

Censure,  L^^^^t^  ta^ib,  ^^  ta^n,  ^^ 
Censure,  v.  f^^  wahhakh,  /•  J  tamm,  ^^^ 

Censured,  (^y'^^  masmUm, 
Censurer,  9.  ^y  muwahUhh. 
Census,  ij**^\  jIjuw  tacddd  annufua. 
Cent,  XjU  may  at.    Per  cent.  ^Ulb  5t7 

Centipede,  «•  (poisonous  insect),  i!«i^^  fS 

^^jajUjU  «mm  arha^at  wa  arhi^n. 
Centre,  *•  j^j-^  markaZf  L^  woMt,   The 


centre  of  a  circle,  iji\j^\j^j^ 

dlddyrat. 
Central,  centrally,  centric,  )a»aji^  muUi- 

wamtf  i^j^j^  tnarkati. 
Centrality,  ».  ^j^j^  marhuiytd. 
Centralization,  ^^j^f  marikM. 
Centry  or  Sentry,  jiJi\  aighafar. 
Centuple,  uJU-^l  h\^  mdyat  ad^. 
Century,   «•  ^ J  dakry    J-s»-  jd^    ^^ 

ham,  hm^  lA^  mdyat  sanah. 
Cephalic  (curing   a  head-ache),   i^^A^ 

qUjJI  mukatvtoi  al  dirndgh. 


Cere-cloth, 


mushammat 


Ceremony,  fc»0;lC7  taldlf.  B>eligious 
ceremonies,  ^Jm^sS1\  ^/m^  taki  al  kani- 
sat,  <Ly^Cl  \  CX*aL^  mandsik  alhanUai. 

Ceremonial,  ^U:;»-f  ihiifall. 

Ceremonious,    CIjUKj   ^^..-^^-L^    9ak%b 

takattu/dt. 
Ceremoniously,  JU:i»>l  ^J^  hiholihtiJaL 
Certain,  ^Jas^  muhakkak,  (^^^^^  ma^'Stm, 

^  ^Ih. ^\y  fviiih.     A  certain 

person,  ^li  faldn.  Certain  intelli- 
gence, ,^^j^  khahar  sahih.  It  is 
certain  that   •   •   •    .    AiV^^v^  sahth 

tnnahu.  For  certain,  Jm»A£^1  ^J.^  ^ala^ 
aitahlAlif   \LSa^  toM^hm. 
Certainly,   ^^--iJi  ,Jx  ^M  al  yoMn, 

dClS  Idthah,  ^Iap-  hakkan,  lis^j    Jx 
^JjaA^UI  ^a^'  wajh  altahklk. 
Certainty,  ^^m  yaJnn,   Jx   ^%lm,  fj>- 

hak,  &£^  sahhat. 
Certificate,  «.  if jlfSi  shahddat. 
Certify,  r.  «XfM)  ehehsd  (yul.). 

Certified,  j;!^^  muhakkak.    To  be  cer- 
tified, jjAj  takarrar.  [Certainty. 
Certitude,  ^jiA^^  Aa  ^pm  alyaH^n.    See 
Cerulean,  ,^^\a^  ^jj\  axrak  samdwi. 


CHA 


(539) 


CHA 


Cenue,  ^ljuL«l  iifliaj.  {mahiiii. 

CesB  (cessment),  ^\/>-  thardjy  J^.ds4 
Cessation,  <^ju  J  tMffoIckuf,  lif*  mahiai, 


Cession,  aJuJ  toilim,  ^yJ  ^t^J. 
Chafe,   V.    (warm),  ^J  i!0^',   i<*>- 
Chaff,  ^  tiht.  Ihamnu^. 

Chafibr,  v.  j\j\j  J^^c  ^amal  hdtar. 
Chafing  dish,  Jii^  manJM, 
Chagrin,  ^^^  hum,  mc  gham. 

Chagrin,  v.  ^J^  hauan,  ^  ufham* 
Chain,   «.  ^;far^  tanjir,  <U.m>Lj  sthikU 

(pi.  J^'Lj  taldstl). 
Chain,  v.jj.:^janiar,jafrj  tanjar. 
Chained, jfjx^  mujansar.   To  be  chained 

jy^  tajan%ar. 
Chair,  t.  ^j^  ife«r*f .    Bring  a  chair, 

Chairman,  8.  ^^Jus^l  ^^jrayualfnaflU, 
Chaise,  «•  hjS.  ^aha. 
Chalk,  ^^a^Lj  iahdihir,  j\^  hauno&r. 
Chalky,  i^jJ^\^  iabOshliri. 
Challenge,  v.  (to  fight  a  general  battle), 

c^jl^  Mr4i^,jj\i  hdraza.    And  thon 

challengest  by  thy  rebellion  Him  who  grasps 
thy  forelock ;  and  thon  offendest  by  thy  Ticions 
conduct  Him  who  knows   thy  most  secret 

thought,  uX3L«  d^  "*.j-gjt^  JjW'^ 

Challenge,  «•  ijcd  daw^,  i)j\^  ^^ 

hdroMh,  {hdri%. 

Challenger,  «.  ^J^  mtM^^i  jjL^  mif- 

Chamber,  ^^t  atidld.  The  chamber  of 
jostice,  A^ils:^  mahkamaL  The  trea- 
sary  chamber,  Xj^  khatnat.  The 
chamber  of  the  archives,  ^Ul^j 
dafiar  khdne.  [c^Ls^  At^'dd). 

Chamberlain,    «•    k-i-^l^-    M;t3    (pi. 


Chamelion,  «.  fi^^^"  hwrhdyahy  ^^y^^ 

hnkaUnUn, 
Chamomile^  ff^V  ^^^^'« 


Champ,  9.  ^^  ^a(M,  (^l^JLfi  ^a^iE;. 

Champaign   (open  flat  country),   \ 
9ahrd,  An  extensive  champaign,  Jf«) 
^M)1j  tahl  wdai^  [hdri%. 

Champion,  s.  ^Us^  ihufd^  JJ^  ^^ 
Chance  (fortune),  vjuo^  haM,  Cy>.j>rt; 
fUMift ;  (accident),  jUjI  ittifdk,  (jOj\c 
^rid;    (possibility),    ^lC«i    tmi^ii, 
JUi>\  ihtimdl.    By  chance,    UUJl 

Chance,  r.  ^Jj^jttra',  c^rV'v-  A<mIm« 
Chancellor,  $,  j^m^  hansilyer,  v»^l^ 
^^i&.  [LjImIi^  kansldriat 

Chancery,   «.  (chief  court  of  justice), 
Chandelier,  $.  ^f  Jut^  aham^addn. 

Chandler,  s.  cUJ»  ahamtnd^. 

Change,  t,  j^m   taghfir,   JjJ   laiaL 

Change  of  constitution,  ^^y^\  J^bf^-l 

ikhUldl  al  mitdj,  A  change  (succes- 
sion), iji:>^  hhUdfaL 

Change,  p.  JjJ  hadal,  j^  ghayyar\ 
(to  be  changed),  jJu  taghayyar.    To 

JlJ  tdbadddl.  To 
change  appearance,  ^^  *^^ji^  ^ 
ghayyarat  a&ratahu.  To  change  one's 
mind,  ajLij^  ghayyar  fikrahun 

Changeable,  jjMic!  I  JjU  kdhd  attaghylr ; 

(inconstant),  cz^lJ  idU  mdlahu  BobdL 
Changeableness,  d^L^t  /•Jlc  ^a^^om  of- 

Changed,^^;MC^  mutaghayyir. 
Changer,  $,  (of  money),  c^t^  tarrdf. 

Channel, «.  Jlf^^  tarik ;  (of  a  river,  etc.)i 
f^j^  fMJra^  \  (a  frith  or  strait  of  the 
sea),  jU^  to^Ads. 


CHI 


(540) 


GHA 


Chant,  V.    li.  ghama\    See  To  nng. 
ChaoB,  'iyJb  hiyuld. 

Chap,  s.  (fissare),  ^jJL  thakk.  A  chap- 
man (purchaser),  s^^p>***^  musMarl. 

V 

Chap,  V.  (jJ^  shakk. 

ChapB  (flsBures),  j^  shuknk;  Qblwb, 
mouth),  J^  hoik.       [(^H*^  ma^had. 

Chapel, «.  (plaoeof  worBhip),Ljl^^4p0/^, 

Chaplet,  $.  (a  rosary),  4^U^  tMBhaha. 

Chapman,  «.  \^j^^**^  fnwMa/ri. 

Chapt  (chapped),  J^Am^^^  maMeuk^  tjj^ 
maflak. 

Chapter,  «.  u^U  ^^'^  (P^*  S-^'V^  abwdh), 

ChanwJter  (mark),  uJ^  harf,  k^  ^^^, 
ij\j^\  Uhdrai,  iioAj  nuktat ;  (quality), 
u,A#j  t^a«/;  (reputation),  ^^  shuhrai, 
J;ft««^»^j.  A  public  character  or 
office,  ^,^*tf:>^  maruab  (pi.  ^^^.^L^ 
mand«i&). 

Characterize,  i;.  (describe),  ci^^j  trMo/l 

Characteristic,  ,<a«0^  «7<M/t.     Such  are 

the  cbaracterifltics  of  the  world :  confide  not, 
therefore,  in  it,  nor  incUne  to  it ;  for  it  will 
betray  him  who  dependeth  upon  it,  and  who 

in  his  affidrs  relieth  upon  it,  CLp\suai(i^ 

Characteristically,  adv.  ^^Ij  9«:j  itfiaM^tn 

Charcoal,  mS^  /ohm. 

Charge  (custody),  JLlaiUB^  muhdfistat, 
i^\j>'  hirdsat;   (mandate),  j^\  amr 

(pi.  y^\j\  awdmir) ;  (office),  \^^irt*^ 

fnamah;  (agency),  iJl^  tra^/a^;  (ac« 

Cttsation),  ^l^  ihakdyat;  (expense), 

^j^  kharjf  (an  attack),  Ays^hi^'Um. 

Chiffge,  V.  (commission),   J^^  toakkal; 

■9  a  task  or  burden),  fj^ 


/4^  :^^^« 


kammal ;  (to  oommand),  a^  Mtam ; 

(to  attack),  ajs^  hajam. 
Chargeable  (costly),  ^U  ghdU. 
Chariot,  «•  <0^  ^aha^  <LLe^  ^<;^02a^. 
Charity  (tenderness),  Jus;:^  mwAMat; 

(alms),  2ju0  Bodakat, 
Charitable  (liberal  to  the  poor),  4,,-%<^ 

UAi!\  j9»«Aii(  alfakard. 
Charitableness,  £j^  iodakat. 

Charitably,  ils^  J^  ^Oo/  muhtMai, 
Charles's- wain, '  ^Ji*jci\  (^1:j  h^mdt  m- 

Charm,  «.  (amulet),  JjU>.  kamdyil; 
(enchantment),  jsr*  nhr  ;  (allure- 
ment), UgJd^jaah, 

Charm,  t^.  (bewitch),  j^^  Mkar;  (to 
please  highly),  LmJ  hatat,  la»-  Aos. 

Charmed,  J  JiyAM^  masriir. 

Charmer,  <•  (enchanter),  ^^Ls  «dAtr; 
(a  beloved  object),  <>■  >j>ifr^  m«Ate3. 

Charmingly  (delightftdly),  la^-  JL 
-.|^lj  hikol  ham  wd  imhirdh. 

Charnel-house,  y^  kalr. 

Chart,  8.  i^y^  khdrta.    See  Map. 

Charter,  «.  Jo^  tanady  c^^  Isf^  i^Aii^ 

Chartered,  J^U^  mwidu^a/. 

Chase,  «.  (hunting),  Ju«0  Myii^. 

Chase,  v,  ^x^  twayyad. 

Chased  (put  to  flight),  /^jf^^  mtmAastn. 

Chaste,  v— a^  ^^If*    A  chaste  woman, 

Chastely,  Sx,  Ji»  bikol  ^ffiU. 
Chasten  {or  chastize),  v.  l^U  ^Mb. 
Chastity,  chasteness,  4if  ^fitt* 
Chastized,  v.^U»«  mu^kah, 
Chastizementy    c^U^    ^kdh^   c^«^ 

ta^iby  imjt\^  ^cmdh. 
Chat  (or  chit-chat),  JJj  Jli  £d/  tew  ibf/. 


CHE 


(541) 


OHI 


Chattel,  9.  J^  JU  mdi  mankal 
Chatterer,  s.  J^  mwwdl,  (•H^  yi\  aha 
Cheap,  ij^^j  raikU.  [iatom- 

Cheapen,  v.  a,  i%jL»  sdwam^  ij^^j  rMi- 

UoM,  ^\  Jp  noBtal  tubman. 
Cheapen,  r.«.  ^j^^j  rakhiim 
Cheaply,  u^^j  ij^  hitaman  rMu. 
Cheapnees,  ^j^^j  r^Ms* 
Cheat,  s.  (fraud),  iL^  Mlat,  sJ  hxyd. 
A  cheat  or   cheater,  j\j^  ghadddr, 
i^MuS'  ghUhihash. 
Cheat,  V.  a.  jS&  ghadar,  jjix  ghash. 
Cheated,  ^jiyt^U  fnaghthiuh. 
Check,   «.  (repreBB),  la^-p    <Wa<,    ^i/t 

mana^^j  tajar. 
Check,  «.  ^U  mSnt^,  Ju^  m<I. 
Checked  (curbed),  ^y-«^  mamnil^\  (re- 
prehended), v-*^U/t  ww^flteJ. 
Checkmate  (at  chess),  LzS^i^^  shdhmdL 
Cheek,  ».  J^^  khadd.    The  two  cheeks. 

Cheer,  i^.a.  i/Jl  tfwiiw.  And  the  master 
ot  the  houae  gave  bim  penniorion  to  seat  him- 
self, and  he  sat.  And  the  master  caused  him 
to  draw  near  unto  him,  and  now  began  to 
cheer  him  with  conversation  and  to  welcome 

him.  ^\i  J^\  s-^U  ^  u,^^ 
J^M^\y  j\u,y  *  aJ^  <U/  •i^j  * w^ 


Cheer  (gaiety),  5^4u/«  ma9arrat, 
Jcoif,  LaJ  Jcaiflah.  Three  cheers, 
CJ^\  Jit^^i^  ^y^^  X^j^'  To  be 
of  good  cheer,  CliS  c-^lt  ^«  *ff»fln, 
\LcJi  harra  ^ynan. 

Cheerftil,  jji^Au^  fnasmrj  \oy»*i^  mahsHtf 
^\^ji  farhdnf  ^ft^  muhtahij.     Be 

happy  and  cheerful,  for  I  will  not  oeate  my 
endeayours  until  I  procure  thee  an  intenriew 
with  her,  and  obtam  for  thee  acoeas  to  her, 

\^\  cil-y^  W^  *l^ -^V -^ 


Cheerfully,  j^j>a  Ji^  Mol  aurHr. 

Cheerfu!iBeB^jjj^iurikr,)ff\MuJ\  mUi&t, 
-lfj\  ihtihaj,  ^jS  farah,  ^^  i»w- 
frihyjm^  mwir,  ^At^  mubhij. 

Cheese,  ^j^  jubun. 
Cheesemonger,  «•  ^V^  jahhdn. 
Chemistry,  L^-^^  J^  t*^»»  alklmta^  As' 

tarklh  fd  qfatdm,  [^5*rl^r^  ^fi' 
Chemist,  9.  La-?  Jjc*  mu^tm  JOmldy 
Chemical     (belonging     to     chemistry), 

^^L*-?  Jtimlawi,  c/^r^  l^miawl. 
Cheque,    «.    Ji^    tahwil,    ^  ijj 

uJCJ^  toarahat  ^aUi  tmarrdf. 
Cherish,  v.  (protect),  ,^^  *«ma' ;  (to 

caress),  j;L«  maUak. 
Cherishment,  ^U>-  himdyai. 
Cherry,  «•  jj^  ifetfrfli. 
Chersonese,  «.  ffjjpr  j^'irah. 
Cherub,   cherubim,  the  cherub  angels, 

^^J^\  ^lUll  almaldykaialkdrilblm. 

Chess,  ^^>ia-^  »a^«n;'»  -^J^  9hatranf. 

Chest,  «.  J^*Xi-tf  Mfirfil*. 

Chestnut,  t .  <<'.•;  mX  ib«/aiui. 

Chew,  V.  ^^  madagh,  u^U  ^oM. 

Chicane,  chicanery,  <Uu>>  Ai2a^,  aLmJU) 

^Ufi^  9af9atah  9har^yah, 
Chick  Of  Chicken,  t.  ^^^  /tfrril;  (pi. 

Chicory,  9.  \iX>Jb  oy  fww^  AwiitJdA. 
Chide,  V,  (reprove),  ^j  wabbakh,  t-^U 

Chief,  aIl«  m«ibM2(foi»,  ^t  M/f.    The 

chief  part  (of  anything),  J-p1  «/• 
Chiefly,  ^UU  ghalOan,  '"U^-^sr;.  *Aw- 

Child,  ».  jJj  troW  (pi.  Ji^\  awldi).     A 
sucking-child,  ^a^j  (J^  ^ifi  radic. 


CHO 


(542) 


CIH 


Childhood,  i^yib  tufitUffoi,  L^  9aba, 
ChUdkh,  Ji9\j  haul.   Ghildishness,  Jf>. 

jM. 
ChiU,  chilly,  Jjb  hdrid. 
Chill,  chillness,  chilliness,  Xii^j)  hurUdat. 
Chimera,    #.    ^^    wahm,    JtU  JLfli- 

kktydl  hatil. 
Chimerical,  ^^^^  wahmi,  Jtlj  Idtik 
Chimney,  s.  Lsi^j^  madkhanaU 
Chin,  9,  (of  a  man),  ^  j  dakun ;  (of  a 

woman),  ^m^at  ^wi^a^. 
China  (empire),  ^^1 JKU^  mamlakat 

(uAn ;  (porcelain),  ^^^i-^  tf m . 
Chine,  «.^^lj^  ifc^ofios  osso^. 
Chink,  «» j;^  «Ati;&. 
Chintz,  u:..-^  <?A«  (pi.  c^L^!). 
Chip,  t?.  4^j5farttm, 
Chirography,  ILsL  ib^^  yadd. 
Chiromancy  (fortune-telling  by  inspect- 
ing the  hand),  Juil  jJlc  ^(Oyad,  Ac 
u-ftfll  ^ilm  id  kaff.  Ikhudrah. 

Chlorine,   *.    ij^\  jjj^   muwaUid  id 
Choice,  «.  c->LkH  fWfiWfii. 
Choiceness,  i.jy  /«(/;  J^/adl. 
Choke,  r.  (suffocate),  j;x2L  ^^hmj^  ;  (to 
obstruct),  Juj  «ik^.  [ghadab. 

Choler  (bile),  ]^  *«^,-  (anger),  ^_  -rrf 
Cholera  and  cholera  morbufl,^Jl  ly^iLs 

c»727^  A^itc'a  lasfar. 
Choleric  (irascible),  i^yds^  ghadU. 
Choose,  v,j\:^\  ikht&r,  lirl  a^AiifeAw, 

c--^a^l  tntakhab,  ^  nakka\ 
Chooser,  *.  L-...flCU^  muntakhtb. 
Chop,  p.  jja5  ^a^a^;  (to  change),  Jjj 

hadal,  Jjj  ^iM^d^. 
Chopping-knife,  #.  j^L  BdtUr, 
Chorography  (description  of  countries), 
jLII  kiaar  iakhtit  al  hildd. 


Chorus  of  singers^  {j**^j^  chanu. 
Chosen,  v-^.ogu^  muntakkab.  See  Select. 
Chrestomathy,  t.  cz. 
me^  muntakhahdt. 
Chrism,  «.  ^^;:f<«il  u:-^J  teii  ul  nmyriku. 
Chrismal,  adf.  iS^^  mayrHnl.  [rfin. 
Chrismation,  yjyji^\i  ^*^  nuMMmay- 
Christ,  ,^w*!l  o/  fMilh. 

Christen,  v,  tXAx.  ^mrnad.    See  Baptize. 
Christendom,£^.^Uu^lC^UJ1  ahnamd' 

lik  alnuufihiyat.  [natrdia. 

Christian,   ».       .acu*^   mtuUhl^    \S)f^ 
Christianity,   j^ysXyyyJt  ^  Jl   addin   al 

nuulhi. 
Christmas,  fc>)L^I  juc  ^  al  mllad. 

Chronicle,  ^Jo  tdrlkh  (pi.  ^j\y:  ta- 

wdrlkh). 
Chronicler,  *.  ^jy  muwarrikh. 

Chronological  (belonging  to  chronology), 
il;  tdrikhl. 


Chronologically  (in  chronological  order), 

tdrikh  assinln. 
Chronologist,  *.  ^J^  muwarrikh. 
Chronology,  ^1^1  ^  ^aUuioarikk. 
Chrysolite,  *.  J^^J  taharjad. 
Churc*,   *.   iu^   kanUat   (pi,  yj,2^ 

Church-man,  *.  la^l^  wd^iz,  Sr^b  '•«^«*. 
Church-yard,  «.  S^Ji^  makba/raL 
ChurKsh,  ^^:^^  iraA#A,  ^J  tart. 
Chyle,  (jw^  jfcf /«#«. 
Chylification,  *.  iu«tH  ,^  rT|f . 
Chyme,  «.  ^^^  ifcimo*. 
Cicatrice,  cicatrix,  ^b  itey;(.         [y^;|^ 
Cicatrization,  ,.  ^^\  ^  ^^^  ^ 

Cider,  s.  ^Usll'U  rmmttufftih. 
Cimeter,  ,.  ..J^  ,^,  ^^  j^,^^ 


CIE 


(543) 


CIV 


Cinctare  (bblt,  sash,  girdle,  etc.),  iSiai^t 

fnarUakat,  j\jj  %unn&r. 
dnder,  «.  JL§j  ramdd^ 
Cinnabar,  ^y^j  tanjifrah. 
Cinnamon,  4i^  kirfah^  ^j>^^J{\>  ddrtHnl. 
Cipher,  $.  (in  arithmetio),  ^a.^  9ifir\  (an 

oocult  manner  of  writing),  J^  ram% 

Circle,  «.  i^l  J  ddyrai.  Tlie  centre  of  a 
circle,  ^fjJIjJ^  marhan  odddpraL 
A  mathematical  circle,  ^JcUm^  jjLl 
ihail  mtutadlr* 

Circled,  j^Jl«  fnudawwar, 

Circoit,  B.  i^J  ddyrat.  A  drcle  of 
country,  ^J^^  hawdh. 

Ciicalar,j^J^  mudaumxurf ji^Su^t^  mtM- 
tailr.  A  circular  line,  ^^J^  LsL  ^^i^^ 
Mtft^dtfftrar.  [«^i/  dwdri. 

Circularity,  a  circular  form,  lJj]^^^  (J^ 

Circulate,  v,  j^J  daunpor. 

Circulation,  jj J;  (of  the  blood),  ^\lj^ 
ioraydn,  ^j^*^  daicardn.       [dawwar. 

Circumambient,  la*^'^  muhU,  jj J^  fnt- 

Circumciae,  v.  ^j:^  khatan. 
Circumcised,  ^ 


makhiUn,     To  be 
circumcised,  ^J:::^\  ikhtatan. 
Circumcision,  ij\:S^  hhitdnat. 
Circumference,  iyl  J  ddyrat. 
Circumflex, «.  JjJc4b^  iJL^ya  sawt  mamdud. 
Circumfluent,  la-^*^  muhlt. 
Circumfuse,  v,jjSitSJ\  intashar,     [wardn. 
Circumgyration,  cJjt  tawf,  ^j^*i  dch 

Circumjacent,   J-^L*   muttanl,   c-^^ 

kmh,  la*sr*  muhU. 
Circumlocution,  ijLe.  ^rai. 
Circumscribe,  jl>.  haddad.  Itabih. 

Circumspect,^  j^  mudabhir,  La:^  mun- 
Circumspection,  tLip-\   ihtiffdt,    ^Jj 

M6ir,  jLo\  intaah. 


Ciroumspectly,  i\fj\  JL  hikel  intibdh. 

Circumstance,   (LLS    hayflat^   ^^2^^^ 
hakikat\    (something  relative  or  de- 
pendent), fjijc^  muta^allik;  (condi- 
tion), IfyJL  ahartf  ^U^  nuikdm. 

Circumstantial  (accidental),  ^UJl  ittt- 

fdkl,  ^j^  idridi. 
Circumstantially  (exactly),  JSj  J^  bikol 

dikkat;  (accidentaUy),  ^\j^Ju\  ittifdhan ; 

(fully),   jLoft^  mufasidlan. 
Circumvallate,  v*jA>-  hdtar. 
CircumvaUation,  i^Ur^  muhdsaraL 
Circumyention,  jJla   ghadr,   <UjJu£>- 

khadl^aL 
Circumyenter,  «.  Jls^:^  muhtdL 
Circus,   s.   (an  open  area  for  sports), 

^\rXi^  mlddn.  Cff^  Mhrij. 

Cistern,   «.    ^jo^   hawd,  S^j)    hurkaif 
Citadel,  ».  dUi  kal^,  ^^.asp-  huM. 
Citation  (summons),  v_-^V'  takh. 
Cite,  V.  ^^-JflcH   iatahdar,  J  J  wakura. 

Citizen,  jjj  ^t  ibn  halad. 

Citrate,  8.  ^j^^  ^^  mi7A  JoffmUHl. 

Citric    acid,    «.    ci^  ^^^U-   ^mt(^ 

hymUnl, 
City, «.  ij»V«  madlmi  (pi.  ^^iV*  mudun). 
Ciyet,  oU  j  ai^53,  CXm^  misit. 
Civic,  <k^*.  fc^jJu  haladl,  J  Jl^  mudanU 
. Civil,  polite,  civilized,  ^iQ  >  ^_^.^\^ 

«aAti  <ii/fl^,  c^jI  (,,.^^9-U  «dA>3  acib3. 
Civil  0r  political  affidrs,  <LI^jJt  i^l 
umUr  addawlat.  Civil  service,  cuU  J^ 
<uJi!l^  fJUi  JLl^jJt.  .Civil  wars, 
^ulfwljcjr^/^.  AfHl5  ddkhUiyah. 
Civility,  Cl$^  mlikk,  c^jl  oda^,  t^jU 

Civilize,  v.  c-»jI  addab,  ^j  rabba\ 


CLE 


(544) 


CLE 


Civilized,  ^-'Jy*  mmuUahj  ^,j^  mu- 

Civmj,  i^M  Jij  HJM  uaf. 

Claim,  «.  (^^cJ  da^d^  Ujcat  isiid^df 
\^J\  id^a,  J^  hak,  jUssLf  ittikiak. 
Claim,  «.  L.Ji^  idldb. 

m 

Claimable,  c^JlUI  jL[!I  Idytk  aUalah. 
Claimant,  claimer,  «.  ^c^X«  mudda^, 

Clamonr,^  ^U.^  «fyd^  i^^  uyhtd. 
Clamour,  r.  ^U  »dh» 
Clan,  «.  JLJ  ib^fi^  (pi.  JjLj  loidytT). 
Clandestine,  ^v*^  Ithafl,  ^J^^  muih/i^ 

jf,Mt^  fMutur,  ^f^  tnaki^m. 
Clandestinely,  \j^9irran.  Clandestinely 

and  openly,     ^^^  U^   wrran    wa 

^aldnijfatan. 
Clang,  ckngonr  (of  a  trumpet,  etc.), 

ja^  «!/tr,  jj^  tanin. 
Clank  (of  chains,  etc.)>  <?:*U.;W  ^^ono^. 
Clap,  «.  (of  thunder,  etc.),  *>aj  ra^d. 
Clarification,  LLsj  tasfyat. 
Clarified,  adf,  ^J^a^  musafft^. 
Clarify,  V.  ^^  mga\ 
Clarion,  t,  j^  huk. 
Clash,  V.  (dash  against),  |»  jLa7  ^(udi^, 

(^^,0^  ta^rrad,    . 
Clash,  clashing  (dashing),  s.  ^  jLJ  <fl#d- 

<^m;  (opposition),  idlar*  mukhalafat. 
Class,   #.    j»-uJ  ^im,    cy   f«i«^^,   XaJ, 

tabahat.     Class-book,  8.  ^juji^  t-^t:^ 
Wfi3  dan.  [mu^tabar. 

Ckssical  author,  *.^,-aii^  cJ^  muwalU/ 
Clatter,  **5y  karka^. 

Clause,  «.  t^  «^ir<,  jjj  fo»<f,   ^r^Lc 

^fli^imA,  2pjU  maddah,  }i/^fahri$h. 
Claw,  «.  t-;lL^  mukmh. 
Clay,  ^^  «„.  [^  ,^j 

Clean,  cleanly,  y>lt  eaAir,  uiiaj  nasi/, 


Cleanliness^  ^Ua}  nosd/ii^,  i^U;  nald- 
icat,  ij\^  tahdrai. 

Clear  (transparent),  i^LLl  ^kafif; 
(bright,  light,  shining),  j^^  wnaOr, 
^i  JOmi^f  yj^.  A  dear  sky, 
^^^\^\^Jutwd»ahl\  (eyident), ^«^ 
Mn^ffi,  ^)j  fi9dift%.  A  dear  proof, 
i.sf^\^i^  k^'fft  wddikai;  (unmixed), 
2rjLj  tada;  (safe  from  danger),  JL 
*a/wi;(bright),jj|i^  mimimr;  (cTident;, 

Clear,  entirely,  a<{p.  )U^  UUJ  tond- 
ffum  tra  kamdlan. 

Clear,  r.  (absolve),  ^-ic  itrfi^ ;  (to 
justify),^  harrar;  (to  cleanse),  ^-i-^ 
«a^.     To  dear  (gain),  (^^a«?  ibiw^. 

Clearly,   |^\fe  sfiAtWn,  ^>^  «ariA«. 

Clearness,  ^^j  rattmak,  \^  diyd ;  (dis* 

tinctness),  jU:l«1  imtiydz,  {Jatin, 

Clear-sighted,    adf,    ^^  fahim  ^j^ 

Cleavable,    adj.    cJ^   yamkak,    JjU 

jU/tJlt  kdhtl  id  ifuhtkdk. 
Cleaye,  r.  (split),  ^  shak,  Jii  faUk. 
Cleaver,  s.  (chopping-knife),jfjLLs#a^icr. 
Cleft,  Jj]i^  nMflUk,  J^a^£^  maahk^. 
Cleft,  s.  ^  shak,  jli  /«/A. 
Clemency,  ^U^  raAmo/,  ^4^^^  mot- 

Aama^,  ^^iLl  «Aa/b^^,  SLi\j  raafai, 
Clement,  ^»Jl»-  A^r/im,  (J^^  ihaftL 
Gemently,  adv,  |4i£>y«j  himarkamatin, 

^Aiwwj  hiihafakatin,  ^\j)  hiraafaUn^ 
Clergy,  ».  (jwj^-Kl  akllrUi. 
Clergyman, «.  ^\^  AdAtn,  ^^^^..^  AoisU. 
Cleric,  clerical,  adf.  t^j^\  akliri. 
Clerk,  •.  wJl^  Afi^i*,  ^^jU  yds^X 

Clever,  ^U  «Aa<fr,yfcU  mSMr,  JjW 
AdsiX;,  ^j  jM^,  Jjc^  tm^Uim. 


CIO 


(545) 


CLTJ 


Cleyerly,  if^lkSi  J^  Mlol  9hat&rat. 

CleverneBS,  if «Ua^  ihaidrat,  ij\A^  JuayB.- 
kaif  ifjl^J  fUiidwah. 

Client, $. ^(if  i/^"^^  miihml conh.  Client- 
ship,  8,  5t«ls^  muh&mdh, 

CUff,  8.  ijS^  8akhrat  (pi.  j^ir^  8tMilr). 

Cliffy,  adf.  ijji^  8akhrf. 

Climate,  clime,  «.  ^L^  mandJth, 

Climb,  V,  iXJua  8a^ad,    To  climb  a  wall, 

Clinch,  f?.  (thefist),2r  Jj  j;^?  tabdkyaidaho. 

Clinical  (confined  to  bed),  lJUjii\i  ^jo^j^ 

fnarid  hilfarskat. 
Clink,  V.  ^Jio  tan,  ^jlaii^  tantan. 

Clip,  V.  «J33  kata^ 

Cloak,  8.  ^^  nuuhiah,  Le.  ^d. 


8doati. 


Cloak,  V.  ^5^  khafa*,  jl^  8atar» 

Clock,  8.  AfLd  8d^.     An  alarm  clock, 
tnunabhih,  A  clockmaker,  (JULi 

[jsadd. 

Clog,  8,  (obBtraction),  ^^  mdni^,  Jui 
Clog,  V.  fJ>^  manac,  Jus  sadd. 
Clogged,  c  y»A^  mamnU^ 

Cloister,  8.j^J  dair. 
Cloistral,  adf.  ^jl*^  dairi. 
Clonic,  adf.  ,<--»Uj;\  trti^dahh 
Close,  V.  (shut),  J^Li  ghaldky  S^  8add ; 
(to  conclude),  ^■,.4>,J  tammam,   ^irw 

hhatam ;  (to  inclose),^  «tfr.  To  close 
or  unite  fractures,  etc.  Jb^^j  itmo/, 
jf^  jahhar.  To  close  with  (come  to 
an  agreement),  Lyl  8harat. 

Close  (shut),  y^^^  fnagMnk;  (near), 
v.^^  ^ir!&;  (private),  ^lfi>-  khd8; 
(compact),  ^j-«-J:^  ma^fn;  (joined), 
fjy^00y  maw8iil;  (occult),  ^J^^ 
mukhfi;  (sLiteniive),jLsa^  muta/akkir. 

Close,  8.  (pause),   cUaAjl  inkitd^;  (con- 


dusion),   ^UjIcv.  khdUnud.      And  I 

meditated  npon  some  means  of  gaining  an 
entrance  into  it.  The  close  of  the  day  and 
the  setting  of  the  snn  had  now  drawn  near, 

Closed,  J^Jua*^  nuudud,       [  1^  Mrraii. 
Closely  (near),  c^^^  ^ri5 ;  (secretly), 
Closeness  (narrowness),  ik^  dikaL 
Closet,  t.  ifjL>.  khaJwat,        [munfamid. 

Clot,  «X««^  jammad.     Clotted,  Jui^u« 
Cloth,  ^^  Jnkh,   Lr*^9  (*^  il^am. 

fig 

A  saddle-cloth,  ^^£«3^  Wi£0^0^  A 
doth  wrapped  round  the  middle  when 
bathing,  ^\a^^  ^Uy  futat  hamtndm. 

Clothe,  V,  ^^  labha8.  To  dothe  one- 
self, (jmJ^  talahha8. 

Clothes,  ^\y\  a8Wdh,  i::j\^y^,  tnal^ 
hUsdt.  Bed-clothes,  h— o-lU>-  ehardshif. 
Old  clothes.  Left-off  clothes,  ^\:xc 
^ataik.    Wash-clothes,  ^Ji^*^  ghatHl, 

Cloud,  8,  A^  ghaym,  lils*^  8ahdhat  (pi. 

c^l^r*  «aAa5).  A  cloud  of  people, 
-M^  f*^  y^m^  kasir.  See  Multitude, 
Crowd. 

mt  

Cloud,  V.  j^  ghayyam.    See  To  obscure. 

Darken,  grow  dark.  [Obscurity. 

Cloudiness,  Ia^  tulmat.    See  Darkness, 

Cloudy,  s^Jut  mughayyim. 

Clove,  *.  JiJj  kurun/ul, 
Clove-gilliflower,  8.  Ji3^  kurunful. 
Cloven,  jyl^  mashkak,  J^U^  mafluk, 

(JJm^^  tnunshak. 
Clout,  «.  iUi^  ruk^t,  ^^3^  khirkat. 

aw 

Clout,!;,  (mend  with  patches),  ^J^  r^i^^^. 
Clown,  «.  JiifaHdh, 

Cloy,  ^^1  f.  a«A3a^. 
Club,  «.  (stick).  Lie  ^a«d. 

35 


COA 


(546) 


OOG 


Cluck,  V,  (as  a  hen),  vji^Ij  idkat. 
Clumsy,  AiJLr.  ghashim. 

Cluster  of  grapes,  s.  ll»a:^  hhaaJaL  To 
duster  (collect  together),  ^A,p^jama^. 

Clutch,  iUiJ  kahdaty  (-,Ji^  makhlah, 
Jj  kLuJ  tassallut  yad,  uJ^  <LiJ 
huhdat  tasarruf. 

Clutch,  V.  (to  grasp),  ^^oJ  iLi^oJ. 

Clutter,  «•  li^  ghawgMy  il^^  wahcaht, 

Clyster,  ».iiA^  huknat  (;pl.  ^^a^  hukan). 
To  give  a  clyster,  ^^JA»^  hakan.  To 
receive  a  clyster,  ,jA£sr\  inhakan. 

Coach,  8,  ijj£  ^araba.  Coach-huilder, 
#.  ^^^djjZ  ^ahal^'i,  [^idtirdr. 

Coaction,  ij^j^  darilrat,jfP^jabr,j\JaJ\ 
Coadjutant,  ^^U^  mu^awin.     A  coad- 
jutor, fj^j  raflk,  Cjo^jJ^  sharlk  (fern. 
i^jJ^  sharikat,  pi.  l^  ahurakd). 
Coagulability,  s.  jUaT^I  LLli  kdhiliyat 
ul  injimdd.  [^inctkad, 

Coagulable,  a<^'.   jUjuHt  ^JjU  ^&i7  iJ 
Coagulant,  «.  4Xaai^  mun^akid. 
Coagulate,   A^if*-  jumid.       Coagulated, 
tX4^w«  munjamid.  Coagulation,  jIastI 

m 

injimddy  Ju^i^  tajmld. 
Coal,  i^5^  >»^''  /0Af/»  Ao/orf .     Charcoal, 
mS^  fahm.    Pit-coal,  ^^j^  mS?  ^Ji«^ 

mat^dan  fahm  hajarl. 
Coalesce,  «.  ^\i  l&tak. 
Coalescence,    coalition,     jUj't     itiifak, 

]eh^\  tkhtildt,  r:]}^^  imtizdj,  a\a^\ 

indimam. 
Coarse,  Li  kahd,  loAi  ghallz. 
Coarsely,  dJ^^  Jij  hikol  ghdUtiat. 
Coarseness,  ^SU  ghaldzaL 
Coast,  J^La  sdhil  (pi.  Jl>-1jm>  k^^AtT). 
Coat,  *.  J^jya  iHrtou  (Ft.). 
'X,  V.  slAfi  Idtaf,  jLt  mallak. 


Coaxer, «.  ^JpL^b^  mtifna/7tX. 
Cobbler,  «.  (Jbt^  rarmdyd^I. 
Cobweb,  s.  iZJyS:ji\  ^  na^'al^mkahui. 

Cochineal,  J^3  Jbmis,  5 J^  J  dudakm 
Cock,  «.  CioJ  <^ifc  (pi.  (li^J  ^y^). 

Turkey-cook, «.  ^JjJbCX[Ji^A«i^. 

Cock-eyed,  adf.  J^^  oAi^tf/. 

Cocoa  nut,  c/^^^^^J^  y<^<^  Atiu^. 
Cocoons,  li  ibrs,  (Jj]j^  skardnik. 
Cod,  «.  (pod),  L^^j»^  kham^h. 

Code,  «.  «JUmJ1  L^^kitdh  asluhardyi^, 
^Ujyli  i^iiilii  nSmaA.  [jnyak. 

Codicil,  i.  Vf^^  ^Um^Im^  <2dpmlmtf^  W  cr«- 
Codify,  v.a.  ^^lyll  iiaj  naaamalkawdnin, 
Codist,«.^^|^l  M^\^  mutuimulkawdnim. 

Coefficiency,  8.  ^j\x^  mu^watuU. 

Co-equal,  (j;^  mukdrin, 

Coey ely j^i^t^  fard  ^wnr,  aJ^\  \2JpJL^ 

mwihtwrak  al  kidm,  C^«Xs)l  Cj^:Jt*^ 

mtuhtarak  ul  hudil8. 
Co-executor,  8.  ^^^^  (Ji^J  f <!/^^^  •<^<ui* 
Co-exist,    r.  n.   S^% 


alkagnUtuUfl  wakttn  wdkid. 
Co-extend,  v.  n.  jl  Jcl^II  i^Ll^^  mrnhdr- 

kat  ul  imtiddd. 
Coffee,  Sy^  kahwa,  ^  bun. 
Coffee-pot,  if^\  Ui^.^  ^^^  aUsahca. 
Coffer,  8.  l3^J^2m0  8andilk. 

Coffin,  8.  CUyU  ^ftfl^,  J^JCmii?  MiM^oi. 
Cogency,  5^  kuwat,  ij^j^  darHrat, 
Cogent,  ^^y  katoi,  i^jj^^  daruriy  jjml^ 
mukni^f  i^S,u*.^  mtuakkit, 

CogHaHou,  J^jikr,^^ju  tafakkur^  i[ii!\L<« 

mutdla^ah. 
Cogitate,  v.  ^^\  iflakary^Ju  tafaik^a. 

Cognition,   #.    Jla    ^m,  j^    iMor, 


COL 


(647) 


OOL 


Cognoscible,  uJyiiJ  ytm^on/.  [mlrdt. 
Coheir,  $.  (^^j^^  ^j^  *f»^rlk  hi- 
Coherence,  cohesion,  dAoLt  muldsaiai, 

jUl|  Hhak.  l%ik. 

Coherent,  ^}a^  mulhak,  Jj^  mutakL' 
Coherently,  JLwJl  ^  ^'  VittiM. 
Cohort,  «.  ^^fawf,jy}^  idhiir. 
Coin,  iLa  sikkS,   A  die  for  coining,  ijLa 

Mtkki.   The  place  of  coining  (the  mint), 

iS^  iikki. 
Coin,  r.a.  (^X.>  sak,  <.^^  dara^. 
Coined,  {l^jLu*^  maskuk. 
Coiner,  «.  ^uL»  ^^\;^  darrdh  itkk^. 

Coincide,  v.  J^if^  tedfak,  ^J)^  (dhak, 

c^jL^  sddafa. 
Coincidence,  iA3\y  muwdfakat,  c^jLoJ 

toidduf,  J^sfy  tawdfuk,  Zulla^  )»u^d* 

3aJSra^.  And  when  he  heard  her  words,  he  was 
astonished  extremely  at  this  strange  coinci- 
dence, and  said,  No  doubt  I  haTO  attained  my 
aim  and  object  by  the  capture  of  her  father, 

Coincident,  ^^^  muwdjik,  JljUa^  mt^- 

^ad»i^,  (.JjUo::^  mtUasddif, 
Coition,  iu^Lc^  mti/dfraa^a^. 

Cold,  adf.  Jib  3dru^,  ^;1«3^  barddn*  Cold 

in  constitntion,  ^|/*1^  (->;V   ^drii^  a/ 

Cold,  «.  Jj}  lard.  Intense  cold,  jiji^J 
wmnharir.  The  cold  fit  of  an  agae, 
il*iji  hardiyai.  [dam  muhabhah. 

Coldness,  ^<^j>y  hariJidat,  ius^  >»Jl£  ^a- 

Colick,  ».  ^J^\  t^^  t^<i;Vi^  aliatn. 

Collar,  8.  (of  a  garment),  4jb  ydiba,  JJ  j 
siib;  (an  ornament  for  the  neck),  ja£ 
^akdf  J^  tawk  (pi.  Jf^^^t).  A  dog's 
collar,  iJS^  halaka. 


Collate,  r.  J^lS  idioJ^  Ja3  nasama. 
Collator,  «.  Jjli«  miiibd&t?. 
Collation,  JLLU^  mtti^^'^^. 
Collateral,  l^J^J^  mutawda, 
ColkteraUy,Vi«^Uifif;i^.^.^c^iyaf»iin  3iy«n^, 

L^j^j^i>'y!  HiMlfkm  mutawda, 

Colleagae>  «.  tlX[y^  «i&ari^  j;*»;  n^lL 

Collect,  V.  a.  ^^^^^r  Jama^  J  iam.     Te 

collect  wealth  or  proTisions,  Jt«  ^^«^ 

jbma^  mdl.     To  ooUeot  aignments,  or 

draw  conclusions,  Jja«.»t  Utadd, 

Collectanea,  B^p.  (Lat)  ^"^l  .  «;rt  ».  ^ 

Collected,  collectiye,  ^4iJB^  muftami^ 
9y^^  fMJmik^  To  be  collected, 
w4ar\  injama^ 

Collectible,  ^^^  ;^;^^  MHimJbwi  i{^'a»i&. 

Collection,  s,  ^\^%s^\  ^tmd^.  A  col- 
lection or  miscellany,  9y^^  majmn^ 
A  collection  of  things,  ^zAa^j^jb^ 
mqfmH^dt. 

ColleotiTe  noun,  ••  iji^\  ^t  tsm  ulkUrah. 

Collectively,  adv.   \^jiJL^  mushtarakan. 
Collector,  s,  ^^l^  jdmi^     A  collector 

of  revenue,  J^^iijr*  tnuhasstl. 
College,  «•  ^Xt  fnadra$at  (pi.  ^j\*^ 

madAru). 
Collegian,  «.  Jl£  ii^lt  ^^'^  ^tTm. 

Collier,  «.  aJb*1  j^«X«-<  S-"*^  markah 

ma^dan  ulfahm. 
Colliery,  #.  j^s^\  ^^J^**  m<i^<^  ulfahm. 
Colliflower,  *.   (Cauliflower),  ^  -  ;  «  « 

Collimation,  «.  jL^^l  utindd.     Line 

of  oollimation,  jL?^!  Lrs.  i^^^  istirsdd. 

Collision,   ^^jLo/^   mtMd(?tfma^,    ajL^ 

tasddum,  c|^  nt'zd^,  JujU^  mufidsf^a^, 


OOL 


(548) 


COM 


Collocate,  wJ'j  waia^. 

Collocation,  ^^  mH^^y  lM/  ^^''f^' 

Colloquy,  «•  ^j^^^  muhdicarah,  iu!lC« 

Collude,  17.  (oonBpiie  to  defraud  any  one), 
J\::;:>-\  M&hj^\6^  ViAmar. 

Collndon,  iL^  Mlat,  j\i5\  iUifii. 

Collurive,  J  Jlc  ghadddr. 
Collyrium,  $.  (ointment  for  the  eyes,  a 
black  powder  of  antimony,  etc.),  ^J^ 

Colocynth,  #•  Jlaii^-  hamal. 
Colonel,  »,  i^'i\ft^  mlrOl&y. 
Colonnade,  «.  Ju/t^^  ^awamld. 
Colony,  «•  ^U  isSj^  jamd^at  hdjjai, 
Coloquintida,  «.  (bitter  apple,  a  violent 
purgative),  ^Jlai^  hatiMal, 

Colossus,  $,  cu^^A*!!^  f*^^  (^i^  u^a^ 
thakhs  ^tfifm  qjlfinn  kdl^afrit 

Colossean  (giant-like),  ijL^jifi\  Jl^ 
mUl  al^afrit. 

Colour,  ^y  kwn.  A  white  colour,  ^^^fojl 
ahyad,  A  black  colour,  Jy^it  astcad.  A 
red  colour,  ^^•k>-\  oAmor  (fern.  |/««^^ 
Aamrd).  A  yellow  colour,  ^^!  as/or 
(fern.  1^^  «afrd).  A  green  colour, 
^^-^5^1  akhdar,  A  brown  colour,^^^«^t 
a«m^  (fern.  Lim)  Minr^).  Sky-blue 
colour,    (^^Umi   iatndwl,      A   purple 

colour,  vJ\p"j^  arfwdnl.  A  blue  colour, 
^jj\  azrak.     Of  a  changing  colour, 

^j^^^  mutalatpunn.     Water  colours, 

U  i^ljbJ.      Bright  colour,  ^li  ^^. 

Dark  colour,  j;:jl^  ^^,    Light  colour, 

cJ-ll^  (^jl.  Deep  colour,  Jk^Ic  j^^. 
Fast  colour, -^u1  ^^ .  Fading  colour, 
*if^'  U^'  Oaudy,  glaring  colour, 
tJ^  U^'      Primary  colours,   ^^\ 


<Vij>»T.  Compound  odoorByiLd^^y^. 
To  come  off  with  flying  oolonn»  c,-ir 
gJudaba.      To    hoist    one's    colours, 

Colour,  9.  ^^jl  ^Mmmm. 

Coloured,  ^^  fMdawwanj  uJ^  wm<* 

Colourless^   ^jL»i  «di{a;   (tran^aient), 
Colours  (standard),  Jx  ^olsm,  Zj  |^  rdyat^ 

Colt,  '-^/f*  muhr. 

Column,  8.   JjA^c   ^mUd  (pi.  t^^\yC' 

^awdmld).    The  colunm  of  the  state, 

lijji]  ifxix  ^umdat  addawkU.     The 

colunm  of  religion,  ^i^\  tiykC'  ^amud 

eddUn  (these  are  tides  conferred  iqK>n 

great  men  in  the  East). 
Comb,  «.  ku^  miMA^.      A  shepherd's 

comb,  ic^y  ^  k^  ififtfA^  arrd^. 
Comb,  «.  k^  fiu»A-«^a^.     A  comber 

(a  lady's  maid  or  tire-woman),  ^(klU 

mdshta. 
Combat,  «.  ^U^  mu^&rakat. 
Combat,  v.  (fight),  ^-^l>-  Adra&. 
Combatant,  «.  jj^  mubdrin,  l^Jlst^ 

muhdrth,  JjUU  mukdttl. 
Combination,  jUjI  %ftifdk,c\:J^\Madd, 

kAar  to;^^!^.  Ijj  dahbar. 

Combine,  v,  fji^  waffak,  l^j  ratM, 
Combined,  ^jiz^  mutafik. 
Combustible,  ^j\j  ndrf,  ^^j^aTyuhiarik, 

Corobustibleness,  «U]\  /  j^p^l  XJjIj  kdh- 
liyat  ihtirdk  anndr,  ^j^  hdriHyak, 

Come,  V.  jjl  a<to',  U-  jd.  To  come 
into  the  mind,  dJU    Jjk£>-  khatarfl 

laliho.  To  come  in  (enter),  J^J 
dakhal;  (to  comply),  ^^-^  r«<ft.     To 

come  near,  <---V  karrdb*  To  come  off 
(deviate),  J-i  (?a/;  (to  escape), 


COM 


(S49) 


COM 


4t!l»>  UaHai  MUho.  To  come  off  badly, 

^■i.^'wr  idkhayyab.  To  come  on  (to 
roBh  to  the  attack),  *iB^  %i(iffi.     To 

come  over  (pass),  ^  ^a&or.  To  come 
over  from  a  party,  JiXc  ^adal.  To 
come  over  (deceive),  ^J^i  ghadar.  To 
come  oat  (l)ecome  puUic),  .fuJf  tn- 
aihdhar.  To  come  to  (consent,  yield), 
^^j  rail.    To  come  to  (come  up  to, 

or  amount  to),  k\i  haiagh,  J^^c  ^amalf 
^i^jtma^  To  come  up  (grow  out 
of  the  ground),  vji^-^  nahat.  To  come 
upon  (attack),  ^£^  hqfam.    The  time 

to  come,  fJ,JsMi^\  ^^p^  msamdn  at 
mmtakbU.  To  come  or  arrive  (in  speak- 
ing of  a  person  of  consequence),  uJ^ 
%harraf»  [homedld. 

Comedian,  «.  biX«y3t  l^^^iA  b^f^  al 

Comedy,  «.  ^  J^j^  hmeHd. 

Comeliness,  ^^j*/*^^  hum,  JUb>»  jamdl, 
^jjt^  raumak. 

Comely,  Mf>«*^  hassany  (J:f4>-  yomf 7.  But 


ehe  loved  earoining  and  wine,  eomely  fkees, 
and   pretty    Tenes,    and   strange   histories, 

Comer,  «•  cl^  <>A- 

Comet,  s.  i^^Ai  (Lks^  nufmat  hi  fumdb. 

Cometography,«.u^  J  l^^^  (V?i^^  A^ 

^pm  awnHJftm  aUatl  lahd  tandb. 
Comfort  (consolation),  ^Ju«J  toioUl,  XJlmJ 

iadiyaty  djyC  ta^iyat\  (assistance). 

Comfort,  V.  ^JLt  Mlla\    Creatore-com- 
fortSi^UMMfl^  aMihaUighjitrndniydh, 
Comfortable,  comforting,  ^r^  mmrfh. 

Comforted,  ^JumI^  muta$al^.    To  be 
comforted,  ^-  «««»,•. 


Comfortably,  ^^^  J^  ^^^  tasaUl. 
Comforter,  «•  ^JL*^  witMoflt,  («^^^  ^"^^^ 

cOllf. 

Comfortless,  JuLjL  ^'25  ta%liyat. 

Comical  (exciting  mirth),  C^^sr^^  mud^ 
h%k.  Comical,  comic,  Xji'**^  nuLikhara, 

Coming,  «•  cJl  atl,  f^\^\  Ugdn,  J^jy 
umrnd. 

Command,  i.j^\  amr  (pi.  j^'^^  aw&mir). 
By  the  command  of  God,  ^\^  wjI^U 
hi  amr  aHah  ta^la\  The  royal  com- 
mand, ^lyuJf  *C^  huikm  OBStdtdn, 
A  command  under  the  king's  sign 

manual,  i^^J^  ^ac^  hhait  aharif.  To 
obey  commands,  Jt£^\  imtoiol.  Ac- 
cording to  the  king's  commands, 
^ILUl^l  L^^m'^  hoMh  amraandtdn. 
Command  (supreme  authority),  S>^ 
huhn. 
Command,  v.  S^  hakam,j^\  amor. 

Commanded,  j^te  mdmULff  &y*^  ^f^h- 
kum. 

Commander,  9-ji^\  amir,  fS\^-  hdkim. 
The  commander  of  an  army,  j*^\ 
(jM^t  amir  aHjayUh.  The  com- 
mander of  a  garrison,  lailc^  muhdftsL, 
The  commander  of  the  fiGdthful,^^! 
^ji^yi\  amir  al  mHiminln, 

Commandment.  See  Command.  The 
Ten  Commandments,  iSiS  bt^  woidyd 
aUiah. 

Commemorable,^Jj  ymiar* 

Commemorate,  9.^  J  takar,^^  tasaklsar* 

Commemorated,  jj^iX«  moiilar. 

Commemoration,^ J  nukr. 

Commemorative,  k^^^J  ttMidrl* 

Commence,  r.  i^JcjI  abtada*. 

Commencement,  tjcjf  ihtidd.       [wasa/^ 

Commend,  v.  (praise),  ^x«  maiah, 


COM 


Commendabley  ^.^iX^k/*  mamdnhj 
ham^d,  i-J^^  mawaHf.  {hiffah. 

Commendableoess,  «.  ^^^*^a^  mamdu- 

€ommendably,  *U*>-  ^g^  W  naw^ 
hamld, 

OommendatioDy  hMk>-  hamd,  ^X^  madh. 

Commended^  r^"^^"*^  ^MimlA^. 
Commender,9.^jLtmd(?iAy^lx«  madddh. 
Commensal,  «.  j^^Jj  nadim. 
Commensurability,    s.    ^^^^Juc    Jri-ljJ 

tadahul  ^adadin  ^.fc>«3u:  Jj\^  tawdfuk 

^adadliu 
Commensurable,  adf.  ^\ai  yuk&Sj  JjIS 

^Lfiil  Jcdld  lid  klyds. 
Commensurably,  adv,  ^^Ldb  hil  kff^da. 
Commensurate,   adf,  ^JjIjc^   mu^&Hl, 

Commensnrateness,  «.  ^i^^Um^  musdwdlh. 

Comment,  commentafte,  t7.'«.  ^^  sharah. 

Comment,  commentaiy,  s,  j^^mJu  tafHr 
(j^l.j^\ij  iafaslr,  c:j[;t^  tafsirdt), 
^jJi»  shark  (pi.  ^j^--  ^huruh),  Jij'l^ 
tdwtl  (pi.  i^li^\j  tdwlldt). 

Commentator,commenter,«.  ^^^  ahdrih, 
jmJU4  mufamr. 

Commerce  (trade),  ij<sfr  tijdmt ;  (inter- 
course), \:>h^\  ikhtildt,  iUlir»  mu- 
khdlatat,  ^K^liS^  mujdma^atf  lLa\y^ 
mUwdaalaL 

Commercial,  i^^^  tijdri.    A  commer- 

cialman,«.^lj  M/ir,  ^^l^bf  dwr^cln. 
CommeroiaQy,    tiufe^.     ^W*  !%ar«i^, 

^J^^"-^'  er^  V  S-^^  L5^  t«*»'  "^- 
y*^  kawdnln  ul  tafdrah.  {^a^d. 

Commination,  '  «.    JJ  Ji^    idhdld^   Jufij 

Comminatory,  o^'.  i^*^*^  iahdldl^ 

Comminute,  v.  a.  (Jjer'  aahiJca. 

Comminuted,  a^.  iji^^^*^^  mmhilk. 


(550) 


COM 


Commiserate,  <>.  ^i^  ro^wi,  ,A^  (ji- 
ahafah  ^.  {marhamat. 

CommiseFation,  ^aLmi  ahafakai,  iUo^^ 

Commissary,  «.  (delegate),  J-^  iwifct 
^L#  i««ftfi«At!r.  To  appoint  a  com- 
missary, JSi^  wakkal. 

Commissaryship,  «.  ^\^  wakdiat. 

Commission,  ».  (warrant,  patent),  a:^ 
aanadi  (delegation,  f\ill  power),  iilS^ 
wakdlat,^^yutafwid;  (perpetration), 
L^\^j\  irtikdh  The  commission  of 
«  crime,  j^-^LmJI  ^->l^^•^  iriikah  d 
frm^dA.  The  eemmission  of  adultery, 
UjJl  c-5^Uujl  4rtikdh  4su%nd.  Com- 
missioQ  (office),  i_  -^•— ■  motMO^.  Com- 
mission on  goods,  eto.,  ^^^a^  ^«iniUf. 

Commission,  v,a,  ^Juc  ^^-^^  tc^M«a'  ^aU\ 

Commissioner,  «.  ^^^^  amln,  C^y  *'*^ 
wakkal,  (J^^as-  ^mU. 

Commit,  <?.  (to  deposit),  ^^  wada^^ 
^j  wtida^;  (to  do,  perpetrate), 
i^^C7;\  tV^dril«£.  To  commit  to  prison, 
hahaa.    Then  the  King  oom- 


mittediihe  damsel  to  the  tire-woniMit  sayine 
to  them,  Amend  the  state  of  this  damsel,  and 
deck  hec,  and  fhrnish  for  her  a  priTate  oham* 

l>er,  and  take  her  into  it,  uil«I\  ^^\  J 

Commitment  to  prison,  9,  y^^r^'  kmba. 
Committed  to  prison,  yj^y^M^  wuMiUy 

i^y^  maaftLn. 
Commodious  (convenient),  Cp^^U^ 

ndaib,  (j^^yt  muwdJUt;  (useful),  Jui 

muf^dy  ^U  ndfi^ 
Commodiously,  iij\y9  Jij  hikol  mmra. 


COM 


(551) 


COM 


JOtai  ^L«  Ji)  hikol  mundtaiat,  Jij 
ixsc^  hikol  manfa^. 
CommodiooBiiess,  i,  ^  ...iil  \  ^  mun^lsdbaf, 


iSjlyt  muwdfakat,  it^\i  fdyuUU. 
Commodity  (adyantage),  ijSM  fdyidai; 
(conTeiuency)i  ^-■■■■■A  '*  ^  mwUtiobat; 

(goods),  ^L^  hidd^oA.     Then  I  re- 

solyed,  and  aroee,  and  bought  for  mjraelf  goods 
and  commoditiet  aad  merchandiie,  with  such 
other  thinffs  as  were  required  for  trarel ;  and 
had  oonaented  to 


my  performing  a 


my  mind  nad  oonaeni 
8ea*Toyagei  ci 

Commodore,  9,jy^y%^  commodore. 

Common,  >*lc  ^am,  jylfi*^  nkwAAiZr, 
vlJjJL^mwihiarak\  (plenty  ),y5l^«7a/fr, 
j^  laslr  ;  (ignoble),  jiiA>-  halXr. 
Common  sense,  C^jiJLA\  ^/m^\  alha% 
al  muMarak.  A  common,  ^^^^ 
mlddn. 

Commonalty,  common  people,  commons, 
commoners,  >»US1  al^m,   Z^UIl  at 

^miyiUf  iS^j^\  ^^1  ahdh  al  mam* 

lakat,  (jmU\  aS^  ^wdm  annds,  li^J\ 

arra^iyat. 
Commonly  (nniversally),    \^ykc  ^umU- 

man^  (^y^^  ^^  ^^^  fflt^  wafh  aH^ 

mUm ;  (fireqaenUy),  tJL^\iJI\^\  aksar 

al  awidtf  \j^  hoAran, 
Common-weal,  common-wealth,  jf^f*^ 

jawhir  (pl.^^Lik>-  jamdlar). 

Commotion,  41^^  harakai ;  (tamnlt), 
iiSJ  filnat;  (sedition,  perturbation), 
i^\L^\  uUirdh,  UAi  kaliaUU. 

Commnnicate,  v.  (impart,  reveal),  (.j^ 
^arraf;  (to  bestow  a  part),  ^jo^l^ 
ha98a$;  (to  receiye  the  sacrament), 
JjUj  tandwal.     To  communicate  (as 


the  pestilence,  etc.),  ^/Afi  ^ada\    To 
communicate  a  secret,  jjL»  idrar. 
Communication  (revealing),  j\^\  tsAdr, 
cJ^yu  ta^f'f  (participation),  ^j\JL^ 

muahdrakat ;  (conversation),  ^3  W* 
muhdwarat,  ijJL\x^  mu^sharat;  (in- 
let), J^Jk^  madkhal. 

Communion  (intercourse),  L^^i^  iuhhat. 
The  communion  (sacrament),  J^Uj 
^iXLti\  ^^j^\  iandwul  dl  kurbdn  al 
mukaddoi. 

Community,  jy^AP^jamhUr,  [)\Ajra^djfd, 

Commutable,  JjJu:^^  (^;C«w«  mumkin  al 

tabdti.  [^jL/t  mubdddlat 

Commutation,  JjJ  hadal,  J^JcJ  tahdll. 
Commute,  v-  Joj  hadal. 
Compact,  «.  ^jU^t  iitifdk,  JS^  ^kd,  S^ 

^hdf  ]ffjJL  ihart. 
Compact  (solid),  iX^sa^  munjamid.     A 

compact  discourse,  juT»,r^  /^i^  kaldm 

mukktasar. 
Compact,  r.  ^1^  laham,  Sa,p^  jammad, 

Compactedness,  compactness,  jUrsci  in- 

jimdd. 
Companion,  s,  (J^j  raftk,  L^^^r*^^^  adhib, 

^^maJ^  anU.     A  pot-companion,  ^jJ 

nadlm. 
Companionable,  uJj)t«  mdluf* 
Companionship,  iiuj  ru/kaL 

Company  (society),  Aj^s^  tukbat,  ^^^m^ 
jam^at,  A)r\<^  khuUat\  (a  partner- 
ship), ^jJ^  shurkat. 

Comparable,  Jjlib«  mufjddd,  ^jLl^ 
^}^Jijci\mumkinaiiamMf  ^uIj  yuMah. 

Comparably,  Jgi^aii  ^^  ^ix  ^ai^i'  wajh 
aliamHl. 

Comparative,  iDjU.«S1  JjIS  kdM  al  mu- 
kdhalat.     A  comparative  noun,   ^\ 


COH 


(852) 


COH 


#« 


Comparatively,   ^LuJ  niabatan  Lma\]\j. 

Gomparei  v.  ^\j  h&hal,  ^jLi  massai. 
Comparison,  compare,  <Ly^j  tashbih  (pi. 

^o^,  (jM^LS  i&^d«.  Beyond  oompari- 
8on,  aijyqjij  ^7^  ^(mA^zA,  Jg^JcJl  ^li 
/dyi^  attamslL  [wl  ibm. 

Compart,  amJ  iasam.  Compartment, 
Compass,  «•  (oircle),  ^t  J  ddyrat,  2s^j>^ 
halakat;  (spaoe),  j\aL9  tntkddr;  (ex- 
tent), J\js^\  mttddd;  (ability),  iy 
hHwat,  ^uLU  kdhlif/at,  Jac  ^a^/.  A 
pair  of  compasses,  j\Lj  hikdr.  The 
mariner's  compass,  ^U  JLLJ  ib^ia^ 
itd»ki.  To  compass  (encircle),  tW.) 
oAd^;  (to  besiege),  ^U-  hdsar;  (to 
attain),  J«^  has»al,  j^^mS  kaaib,  fTj 
rebeh. 

Compassion,  iAkL  ihafahat,  ijj  rikkat, 
« 
ij^^^yt  marnatnaL    Fortune  has  pitied 

my  state,  and  felt  compaadon  for  the  lena^th  of 
my  burning  tonnenta,  and  granted  me  what  I 
desired,  and  remoyed  that  which  I  dreaded.  I 
will  therefore  forgive  her  the  offences  which  she 
committed  in  former  times.  There  ia  no  escape 
for  the  wolf  from  ntter  destmction ;  the  Tine- 
yard  ia  for  me  alone,  and  I  have  no  stapid 

partner,  JjUl  ^Jj^  •  ^\J  J^ji\  jj 

Compassionate,  (jiJ^  mushfik,  (J^J^ 
thaflk,  k^Jilt  Jjj  rahk  ol  kalb.  The 
most  compassionate  of  the  merciful, 
^Ji^'^^\^\  (t^j^  arham  arrahmin. 

Compassionate,  v.   mot^j   rahamf  ^jiJ^ 

•hafak. 
Compassionately,  iU>^;  Jij  Ukolrahmai. 


Compatible,  ^Jji  l&yik,  c..^!:^  mmULfih. 
Compatibly,  JL^L^^J^  hikolmundiahat. 
Compatriot,  «.  jL  ^1  ihmhalad. 
Compel,  V.  /^ji\  akam,  j^^  jtAar^  m^ 

kaum,  i^^»nc.  gJuudb. 
Compelled,  (^^j^  ma&fiffi,  /*r^  "^ 
toim,  jyi^  mqpfHr.     To  be  com- 
pelled, ApJ\  fUmam.  [mij^. 
Compellation  (nomination),  ^U^ywJ  Ut- 
Compend,  oompendium,  JiaGj\  itiiadr, 
j»aaA^  mukUuar.     To  make  a  oom- 
-pendiumtj^acj]  ikUuar. 
Compendious,  j.aa.ss^  mukhUuar,  Jp^y 
mfi;V».    A  compendious  discouiBe,  jJH 
^y  kaldm  mUja* 
Compendiously,   \j\sfi  ijd%an. 
Compensate,  r.  {jo^  ^awwad,  (j\^  idf^, 
CompensatioUi  ijo^  ^wad,  \^  jitd, 

i\i\L9  mukafat,  i\j\jB^  mujdndL 
Competence    (power,    capacity),    J;jj 

kudrat^  ^^  idhiUifai. 
Competent,    JjU    kdhUf    j;£ll     Idytkj 

c,»^.«ilx^  mund9tb,jj\j  kddir,  \_  -r^]j  • 

^4/*^i  i}!^  niutdhik,  ^\^  kd/J. 
Competently,  &U  Jij  MAo/  UydkaL 
Competition,  eljJ  n<ad^  LrjU^  mtoia- 

sa^a^;  (contest),  ijfX.  gklnU, 
Competitor,  «.  c-^j  roAsS,  f,>^:>^  thitau 
Compilation,  compilement,  («-iJli  M}f» 

^i^jam^    See  Collection. 
Compile,  v.  (from  Tarious  authors), 

jama^.      To  compile  a  book, 

S^ls^  Mmaf  UM.  [JaM. 

Compiler,   #.  c^l:j3t  ^l>-  jdmi^  d 
Complacence,  complaoency,^lfih.L0^  rUd 

khdtir;  (ciyiUty),  ii^  latdfiU. 
Complacent  (a&ble),  l-aJoI  2aA/     See 

CiviL 


COM 


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com; 


Oomplaiiiy  f^«  15^^^  %Maka\  To  com- 
plain of  an  iBJorfTi  ^^  iJ^  Uuhakia^ 
milt.  [shakki. 

Complainer,  s,  ^l^  shdkl,  ^JjSic^  muia- 

Complaint, «.  h\Ll^  Bhakdyat,  \^J^  ihak- 

wa ;  (malady),  {JOJ/^  marad. 
Complaisance,  complaisantnessyciy  luif^ 

Complaisant,  ly^  s^^-^X^  $dktb  marHat, 
Complaisantly,  (^JD  J^G  hikol  lutf,  Jij 

Complement  (fullness,  perfection,  com- 
pletion), i%Uj  iamdm,  /Xki\  timdm, 

^\:s^\  HtMiUim. 

Complete  (without  defect),  J^l^  kdmU; 

(fini8hed)|  i<f^^  muntahl. 
Complete,  v»  maj  tamnutm,  iJa^  hammaif 

i^/Ls^  khaUas. 
Completed,  J^\^  hdmil,  a\aj  tamdm. 

Completely,   UUJ  tamdman. 
Completeness,  oompletement,  completion, 
Ifjt   intihdf    f\xijL\  ilMiUtm,  aUJ 

iamdm,  dXtj\  itmdm. 

Complex,  (Ji^  mutabhai. 
Complexion  (of  the  face),  Xj^  ehahra ; 

(constitation),^!^^  mindjJijuJ^idbi^f 

j^AXA  ^mur.  Of  an  adust  complezidn, 

^tj^l  [jtiJ^l  ff&his  aimkdj.    And  his 

oomplezioii  had  changed,  his  face  had  heoome 
■allow,  and  his  feet  swollen  hy  walking  and 

toil,  ^^S-^y^  *fr^7*-^!^  ^^ji^  ^3 

Compliance,  JjJ  hMlf  jUjt  itU/U, 

lijridd. 
Compliant  (obedient),  ^IL  tdyi^^  ^^^ 

Complicate,  9,  )^j^  Ithaiai,  lai^  ihariai. 


Complicate,  complicated,  ^ji^  muihoT' 
hat.  To  be  complicated,  )aija^tdkhar'' 
hat. 

Complication,  complicateneB8,Ll».  thaU. 

Compliment, «,  \^Sij  UMf^  a1L»  «a^m, 

JhUj.    After  compliments,  ^Uf  Juu 
ha^  oMoldm. 

Compliment,  v.  Jui  saUam,  (Jj^V  i^^^* 


And  when  she  came  into  his  presence,  she 
kiflsed  his  handi,  complimented  nun  with  the 
most  conrteons  words,  and  gaye  him  the  paper, 
and  he  read  it  and  undentood  its  meanmg, 


Complimental,  ^<aJ^  ianitikl. 

Comply,  V.  ^j  radi,  JJ  Idbtl,  ^Jaj] 

ittafak. 
Component,  uJ!^  muwaUif* 

Compose,  v.  (arrange),  c-^  rahkab^  fioj 

fkuum.    To  compose  a  difference,  Jl^ 

<d/(0^     To  compose  a  book,   ujbk^ 
c^\s^  toftfMi/ib'i^dd.  To  composeverses. 

Composed  (arranged),  (»^oi^  manMUm; 
(formed),  ^^.^y  fnuraikah;  (placid, 
calm),  ^Ls  adkin.  {_kitdh. 

Composer,   a.   l^\s^  j^m^^^  mtuannif 

Composition  (formation),  isl^  hhufkat  \ 
(compomidiag,  mixing),  ^^*^Ji  tarMb; 
(onion),  jlarl  Utihdd.  Composition 
(arrangement),  l.^J»  tartlh,  Jiacj] 
intwdm.  Literary  composition,  llil 
tnshd. 

Composure  (of  mind),  Jl^U)!  ^L»^t 

itmlndn  al  ihdtir,  JUI  ^\ij  rafdhi- 
yat  aJhdh  [nuaqf. 

Compound,  v.  (mix),  LL^  thalat,  ^y 


COM 


(554) 


CON 


Componndy  oompoondedy  ^-^^  «m^ 
rakM,  i^jlsr^  nmkhlutf  «^  ji/«^  wuumuj. 

Compoondy  «.  ^'^/[p  tarksh,  A  oom- 
povnd  woid,  l^j^  XJoil  2i;/k0<  mtroit- 

Compoimdabley  l,^^^\  ^;C«^  MMWii^ 

a/  iarkfh,  t^^J^  ^tsraiiah. 
Comprehend,  c.  (eonceiye),  CJ^«3\  a<^aifc» 
jf^i^  toiawwar ;  (to  compriBe),  (J««cJ«1 

Compreliaided^  CSjt^^  mudrak. 
Comprehensible,  /%^fi«  mafkUm,  J^&t^ 

Comprehension  (intellect),  m^  fahm  (pL 
(•^/wAfiw),  Jir  ^tftf  (pL  J^  t****0» 
cJ|^j)  idrak;  (containing),  )ji»-1 
«%^Mrd,  JUlII  wA^tmd/. 

ComprehensiTe  (conceiving),  dl^^  J^  m«- 

iffilr;  (containing),  J.«i«uu«  ifit»tomt2^ 

ijy^sr^  muhtmcl.   The  comprehensiTe 

.    or  intellectnal  power,  iSjS^  iy  ihlira^ 

madrikatfkJ^iA^ii 


ComprehensirenesB,  if^l^J  wahSvmt,  i^ 

i^jiX^  HwtU  madrikat. 
Compress,  v.  yjesLos.  ^^^^a^-  kM$ar, 

Compress  (for  a  woond).    See  Bandage. 
Compressed,  jy^^sf^  fnahtHr. 
Compressible,  jUMOilfJjUiaM 
Compression,  compres8are,^J;%Ma?  ^m^U. 
Comprise,  v.  JasJL\  iMamoL 
Compromise,  «.  I?^   %hart^   «X|£  ^hd, 
iljJbU/9  mu^hadaU    To  compromise. 

Compulsion,  compolsiTeness,  jjj  wawr, 

Compulsive,  compulsatory,  compulsory. 


Compulsively,   \jfS^jabranf  j^  loBtkram, 

[f^  ffhashan. 
Compunction  (contrition),  u^U  Uutnaf, 

S^\sj  naddmai,  hy  tawhai. 
Computation,    ^..»LA>>   hitdh,    im^\s<* 

muhdsabai.  T^^^tu'*^  hauh. 

Compute,  9.  (-.^Lu»- J.4X  ^nud  kudb, 

Concatenate,  9.  jj^  jafoar. 
ConcatenationyjJ;^/sfisfr,^;^£Kr|  mmtfir. 
Concave, '_  *if^ mt^'awwaf,  uJus^^l 9>^- 

To  make  concave,  1^^  jawwaf. 
Concavity,  k^^  jmpf^jo  k^^r. 

Conceal,  v.  ^M-]  Mfd,  ^M-  kksf^, 

,^    khaiU'.     Wflt  thou    oonoesl 

secretB,  0  BT  good  none?  And  she  replied. 
How  should  I  not  keep  and  conceal  secietB, 
irhen  I  am  of  the  choicest  and  best  of  the  free- 
bom  and  the  most  chaste  ladies?  Jjb 

Concealment,  15^^  mMfa^.    The  M 

woman  began  to  affect  ignorance  to  ber,  and 
proceeded  to  diTert  her  with  talk,  until  ther 
both  approaciied  the  place  where  T^-^-Malox 

was  concealed,  Jjblscij  ;ys^\  '"~^^9 

Concealment,  conoealedness,  Ufwl  ikkfa^ 
\scj>.\  ikhttflt. 

Concede,  1?.  »J^\i  Ji^  9aUam  kiUky, 

Conceit  (conception),  i^\jj\  idrdk,^ 

>fcr;    (fency),    JL^  khiydl,    J^ 

Ukhayytd,  jyai  ioHWfwur.  [ham. 

Conceit,  v.  (J^a^  UMkoj^yal,  Jby  6nmA- 

Conceited,  ^j^^x  muiomna^  jJX« 

Conceitedly,  jLc  J^  &i!M  ^mdd. 
Conceitedness,   self-conceit^    » v.aJ   <«< 

MHIfttf^. 


COS 


iS55) 


CON 


- .  « 


iU^^'i 


Conoeive,  v,  (oomprebend),  a^  fitkim. 

To  conoeiTe  reaentment,  i^^^r.* 
Conceivable,  jy^^^^  mnUaiowwar,  *fft^ 

yan/ahem. 
Concentric,  ji[^  O^  ^  hhofard  mariM* 
Conception   (pregnancy),    Ju»-   Ao&i/ ; 

(inteUect),  a^  fahm,  cJ\jJ\  tdrdk. 

Concern,   v.   (bdong  to),   ^^^s^    khas, 

\\  v_.,.u^\  iniisah  ila\     So  tbe  wolf 

accepted  his  apologjjr,  and  ceased  from  ill- 
treatiofi^  Mm,  but  said  to  him.  Speak  not  of 
that  which  concemeth  thee  not,  lest  thoit  hear 

tbat  wbicb  will  not  please  tbee,  (JJii 

■•  ^** 
Concern,  concernment,  ifjt«  mddat^j^] 

amr,  JjLI  skuffU,  1^^°^  moilahat; 
(care),  ^UcJ^t  Mimdm;  (affliction), 
y^J^  Ambu;  (affection),  iUjzr*  muhabbai. 
Of  great  concern,  m^  mukimm.  An 
affair  of  great  concern,  ^U|^4^r^^ 
nuulahat  muMmmtU. 

Concerning,  L^)yH\^  moMul,  ^  ^im, 
^^  tnin,  %^f^,  ^ya:>-  ^^  min  khusili. 

Concert  (compact),  j^Oj  tadblr  jUj>I 
Mifak. 

Concert,  v.  (adjast),  w«  J^^JJ  taddwal 
ma^  Jaj  na%m,j»i}dahhar,  c-^  rattah. 

Concession,  SJaz  ^stiyttt,  ^Um^I  ihsdn. 

Conciliate,  v.  (gain),  J^.^^-  h^ssalt  l,,  ^»hk'\i\ 
iktiuab ;  (to  reconcile),  Jl^  sdhh.  To 

conciliate  affection,  JLcujI  istamdl, 

ConcilialioD,   J^  sulk,  he\^ia^  mtudUh 

hat,  XiLc^l  itUmdlat. 
Conciliator,  s.  jLo^  mtMdM. 

Concise,  roc^sr^  mukhtasar,  ,*ia 
Condselj,  jL^^b  ^*  ikhtudr. 
Conciseness,  jLtf^l  ikhtUdr* 
Conclave  (private  apartment), 


itf«Sr« 


i»Mri;Ua^;  (a  cabinet  eonncil),  ^^ji^ 
^\^  dlwdn  khds. 
Conclude,  v.  (terminate),  ^\  aimam, 
f^i:>^  ihMtam,    To  conclude  an  alliance, 

ifjJhU^  (Ja£  ^offui/  mu^hadaL  To 
reason,  form  an  opinion,  ^1  tmtaj. 
To  conclude,  <ufe.  isci^lj  wdlncUHjaU 
Conclusion  (close,  end),  J^t  akhirat, 
i^\:>^   khdtimat,    j^\is^\    ikUitdm; 

(result),  i:^J  natljat  (pL  ^^ 
natdytf).  A  conclusion  from  tbe  pre- 
mises, JL««xLi!f  ^^^  natJjat  al  mukad- 
damat.  An  evident  conclusion,  ^>:fcj 
iaCj^  fMtlJMi  $arihai.  True  conclu- 
sions, <L5gi».  'ffT^  natdyij  haifMyat ; 
(decision),  ^  hmjjatf  JdaJsu*  numbata. 
Conclusive,  wl^li  kdti^,  ^l&  tAd/i. 

CoDclusivelf,   UI9I3  tdtt^n. 
ConcoctioB,   A«dJh  Aa<lm,  (JJ^^i^  ^«Aft]f. 
Tbe   first  concoction,   J^Ht  a^\  a/ 

Concomitance^  ^[iUl  iddfat,        [panion. 
Concomitant,  «.  JP^^i;  ni|/til^.     See  Com- 
Concomitantlj,    U^  ma^aan. 
Concord,  concordance,  SM\y  muwdfakaif 

j\su\  tUi/dk,  Jla/l  ittihdd,  ifjJbU^ 

mu^hadatf  \^j  ridd,  ^^.     Concord 

in  grammar,  laji  1  rabt. 
Concordant,  MjJLt  mtddt/im,  (ji^y^  mw- 

tpdjlk,  (jhjUx«  fniifdSfX. 
Concourse^  «•  ^4^  m^mii^,  ^««k>-y0m^, 

cUa^-I    ytimd^f    i^^fi^^  jam^yaty 

f^^Ayi  Uadkuim.     A  great  concourse, 

jfj^  ^^  i^t  ^^^''• 
Concrete,  «X^U^  j'dmtd,   J>aj^^  mtm- 

jamid,  ja^sX^  muiafammtd.      i^ikdd. 
Concretion,  jUoeH  in^imdd,  jUaJI 


COK 


(566) 


CON 


Conoubine,  i.  hj^  awrriyat  (pi.  t^^j^ 

Concnpiscenoei  l^^  shahtcat,  (JUuaJ  ^^^b 
hawa*  nafsdnl,  ^j^yt  tawkdn, 

Goncnpisoent,  iJ^^f^  shahwdti,  (J\mJu 
nafsdnt,  ^^^u^  mtuhtihl. 

GononTi  v.  ^Jiu]  Utafak,  J^l  ittahad, 

J^ilj  iodfak. 
Concurrence,  j\i5\  tUifdi,  olari  iUv' 

hdd;  (help),  JJi^  madad;  (consent), 

Concurrent,  (ji^y  muwdjik,  (jis^  mui- 

tajik,  (ji^jA^  mahrUn,  ^^">y^  muftami^, 

Jy.dL«  tnutiastl* 
Cononssion,  £j^^  haratat,  ijs^j  ra^U 

See  Tremor,  Shaking. 
Condemn,  v.  (sentence),  iZJyi\j  S^ 

hakam  hd  maiwt.    To  condemn  to  an 

Ml 

in&mous  punishment,  {j^f^-  jarras} 

(to  blame),  ^  J  som,  aJ  /am* 
Condemnation,  Jl»>  Attibfi,  LdS  ibnta. 
Condensable,  4^Qjifi.CrJ\  ^jL4^  mumkm  al 

iaktitf. 
Condensate,  condense,  v.  uJi^  kasaaf, 

^^^  sakhthan. 
Condensation,  condensify,  condenseness^ 

i^i/Xj  JakHf. 
Condense,  <— i>l^  koAf,  [iand%al. 

Condescend,  v.  ^^y  tawdda^,   (Jj^ 
Condescendence,    condescension,    (Jj^ 

tandsud. 
Condescendingly,  ^}j\^  J^  hikolUmdmU. 
Condign,  u-*«c»-1j  todjiby  ^JjgXu^  mtM- 

^aAat.Condignpunishment,j;i^W«|jfiw 

jisd  mustahak. 
Condition,  «.  (state),  Jl>-  hdl,  JLIU- 

hdlat,   LJl^  kanfiyat)   (rank),   ^Ll 

$hdn,  m\Su9  moitem,  ^LT^  martabat\ 

(stipulatbn),  t^  tW^,   «^  ^ahd\ 


(attribute),  uJ«0j  tm/^,  ^di^  «i^f 
Jubt*  ffuTA^^o^ ;  (temperament),  ^1  Jc^^ 
i^iddly  ^\j^  mudj. 

Condition,  r.   (stipulate),   L^  jAorof, 

^jjJ^  (3^4^  ^amtf/  fAfirfi^. 
Conditional  (on  terms),  iJefjJL  «ibrff; 

(uncertain),^Jii«^  ^ghayrmwhaikMk, 

Conditionally,  conditionary  (on  terms), 

\9%JmJ  hi shurnt 
Conditioned  (endowed  with  qualitiet), 

uJLvjl  v_  nf^^Y"  idhtb  awidf. 
,  Condole,  v,  ^j  roM,  ,Jlc  ^U  ndh  ^M* 
Condolement,  condolence,  \jC  ^obo.     A 

letter  of  condolence,  hyu  i^\:S  Utah 

ta^iyaL  The  days  of  mourning  or 
condolence,  \yi\  f^\A  ayydm  al  ^md. 

Conduce,  9,  jlil  afSLd,  ^u  nife^. 

Conducible,  conducive,  ^j^  wtf^dwM, 
^U  ndfi^  Conducireness,  ^jl«^ 
mu^wanat,  ^i3  naf^. 

Conduct  (guidance),  iAdJb  htddyai ;  (ad- 
ministration), ^JJ  tadbin  A  safe 
conduct,  ^Ul  amdn. 

Conduct,  V.  (lead),  jlS  kdd.  To  ccmdiiet 

an  army,^CMji!\  jIj  id({  dl^aikarm  To 
conduct  business  well,    JLoJt^^^ 

c^.^  ibAi'  dl  nuudlth  tayyth.    And 

he  oondaoted  me  into  a  laige  rabierraiieaB 
chamber,  and,  haTing  seated  me  at  tiie  imer 
end  of  that  chamber,  brought  me  some  niod. 

Conductor,  4^jU  ^A,  «X^^  vmrMhid. 

The  conductor  of  an  army  (a  genenl), 

^^£uje1  JjIS  kdyid  al  ja/ytih,     A  oon- 
ductor  (director),  ^^^y  muraiM. 
Conductress,  «•  lit  J  doMdloL 


CON 


(557) 


coir 


Condnit,  s.  U  ^Jo  tmik  md,  ^^j}^ 
mvur&h  [maikhrli^tdt). 

Cone,  9.  ^jj^  maihnU  (pi.  UL^^^jir* 
Confect,  V.  yJf  J-<*£  ^amal  murMa\ 
Confeoty  oonfectioD,  «•  t^r^  murahh^, 
i^ys^  ma^'Un  (pi.  jj?>"l*^  ma^jin). 

Confectioner,  #.  kS^^'^-  hulwdnlf  t^^f^ 

shakarfi. 
Confederacy,  confederation,  if JJbU^  mtf- 

Mihdd. 
Confederate,  v.  JJb\c  ^had,  j;aJ|  ittafah. 

Confederate,  9.fj^%rafik,  ^jis^  mutafik. 

ttff 

« 

Confederate,confederated,  Jl^u«  muttahid. 

Confer,  9.  (upon  any  stated  subject), 
jy Jj  iaddiffol,  ^\dJ  tm&kar,  ji^luJ 
iaahatcar,  ijt^'s^  ,^aa  ^mal  mazd' 
iarah;   (to  grant),  j^fu\  an^,  ^^)a£ 

^\m\  ^anuU  tn^dm,  ^;m*»-^  ahsan*  To 
confer  an  office,  ^^»n\^  ij^  ^t^^ 
mamah.  [fiuudkaraL 

Conference,  9.  ijyw^  nuuhwarai,  i^\d^ 

Confess,  v.  uJ^I  i^taraf. 

Confessed,  i^jixy^  mu^arif,  jjLt  mu- 
harrir.  [jj)  l&hud. 

Confessedly,  ""ULJ  Ut^an,  CJj^'i  Idahak, 

Confession,  j|^^  i^fir,  uJ|^l  t^trdf, 
yijSj  taknr,  (j^Aa^  tahklk. 

Confessor,  «•  (of  his  own  faults),  i.Jpt^ 
tnu^arif;  (one  who  hears  the  confes- 
sions of  others),  cjl^lt  wCum^  mus- 

tam^  alt^tirdf,  (m^\y:s!i\  Jji^  mu^lim 

al  i^tird/. 
Confest  (open,  known),  (^yJ^^  ma^lum. 
Confide,  v.  ^1£*Xas^\  i^tamad  ^la\jfiA 

i^iahar,  J^y  tawaJ^ud,  JJL&\  i^takad. 
Confidence  (trust),  jIkiaI  i^ikad^  c\asA 

i^imddf  JUu!  iUikdl,  J^y  iawatkuli 


(boldness),  ijL^  jtuarai.     0  thou, 

hefurdest  thou  not  tliat  which  the  damsel  has 
giTen  u  a  charge  in  the  inscription  npon  this 
tobletP  Moreover,  and  especially,  she  has 
given  it  as  a  charge  in  oonfiaence,  and  we  are 

not  of  the  people  of  treachery,  2\  \dJb\i 

Confident  (trusting  to,  assured  beyond 

doubt),  i^jr^  mutavDokhilm 
ConfidenUy  (with  firm  trust),    IjUclaI 

i^timddan;   (without  doubt),  CXSiL 

laOBhak. 
Configuration,  ljy>a  iUrat. 

Confine,  confines,  t\>-  hadd,  J^tX>-  hudud. 
Confine,  r.  (imprison),  (^/Mf>-  habta;  (to 

restrain),y«a3  kauar,  ^J^  dayyah. 
Confined,  \j*»yfS!^  mahhns,  ^^j^yf*^  »w- 

jUn.   To  be  confined,  {j^^^-a^  inhahoi. 
Confinement  (imprisonment),  ^/^^  hdbti 

(restraint),  ^^;M^  takAr.  And  she  said, 

0  my  son,  tell  me  what  has  happened  to  thee  ? 
So  I  related  to  her  mir  story.  And  she  said, 
0  my  son,  this  is  the  daughter  of  the  Judge  of 
Bagaad,  and  she  is  kept  in  close  confinement ; 
the  place  where  thon  sawest  her  is  her  apart- 


ment, \l^j^^  ^  Ji  i^^Jjli  csJl^ 
yf^\  \|j\.r^  jIjju  ^^U  l::^  arjJh 

Confirm,  v,  jji  karrar,  JhA>-   hakkak, 

Confirmable,  lI^LjSI  J^li  kahil  al  Mat. 
Con&Tm&aonf  j\jSc^\  Utikrdr,  j\J\\krar^ 

k:J\J»\   Mat,   ^J^Astr   iahkik,    J^y 

tawkid. 
Confirmatory,  confirmatiye,  i^^^^  mt^ 

kawl,  cSy  mawakkid. 
Confirmed,  ^^yy^  nuubut,  jJl^  imf- 


CON 


(558) 


CON 


horror^  cSy  muwdkkai.  To  be  con- 
firmed, cS\j  taakkad. 

Confiscable^  \^**^'*l  yundabU^ot^  ffudbai. 

Confiscate,  v.  ]a^  dabai. 

Confiscate,  confiscated,  i^j^^  )o^0^au* 
madbut  lilmlri.  [amtcdl  lUtnlri. 

Confiscation,  ijj^^  J  V*^^  ^^  ^^  ^ 

Conflagration, «.  <^  ^»^  lahlh,^j^  harlL 

Conflict,  8.  (battle),  ^j>'  harh;  (a duel), 
Jj^J  duel ;  (violent  collision),  ^JiaJ 
tasadum,  <UJ^  aadmat. 

Confluence,  conflux  (junction  of  two 
streams),  ^^ji^\  f*^  mqfma^  al 
nahfin;  (a  crowd),  v-^i^yam^.  See 
Concourse,  Multitude. 

Conform,  v,  (make  conformable),  ^ji^ 
waffdk ;  (to  comply  with),  ^It  tahak. 

Conform,  conformable,  (j^\^^  mvtwafik^ 
^Ux^  mutdhih,  Jht  muldym;  (ob- 
sequious), ^^Jo^  muil^,  [jkat. 

Conformably,  iaiil^  J^  hikol  muwdfa- 
Conformation  (formation),  i^^jO  tarkih, 

^j^  takwln. 
Conformity,  i^Ai!^   muwdfakat,  J^Ua^ 

mutdbakat,  i^\jL^  mmhdhahat. 
Confound,  t^.  k)  ,£L  kharhat,  ^^  khalat. 
Confounded  (confused),  Jcas^  miMdr^ 

)aijS^  mukharhat ;  (detestable),  ifj^J^ 

tnakruh. 
Confront,  V.  iJ^\  Jjli  kdbal  ashy,  ^\j 

j>^,  lkX>-l  wdjah  ahhadan  hi  akhar* 
Confuse,  v.  y^  khalat,  i^js>-  khata\ 

^jjj  farrak. 
Confused,  ^y^  tntuhawwash,  iaJcLsr^ 

mukhtalit,  j^  hayyar.    Confused  in 

mind,  jj|/-^  hayrdn. 
Confusedly,  |«UaJ^^  ^  min  ghayr  nixdm 

^js>-  tJ^  hikol  kharhata* 
Confusion,  confusedness  (irregular  miz- 


tnre),   JU-  khdld,   ki;^t  itkUUit, 
Jlir^t  imildL 
Confutation,  Z^sSL^  immdkadat,  JUaj^ 
ibtdl,  Ji^bj  rod  al  kaldm. 

Confutable,  j)\  JjU  kahil  arrad,  ^^fj^ 

^^^tfLlt  mumkin  dl  nakd. 
Confute,  «•  ^^^  ndkad,  ^uLc«3^  rod 

^atlhi,  ^j3  ^Jl^Vdhtdl  kawlaho. 

Confuted,^^Ai^  tnankud,  <3^0^  mardud. 
Cong^,  «.  (bow,  salute),  i*^  ioldm.  To 

return  a  cong^  or  salute,  Ju«s  «i/(2asi ; 

(leave),  i^a^-j  rukhsat,  ij^\  ijaiaU 
To  cong^   (take  leave).     To  give  a 

cong6,  c  J^  wadda^ 

Congeal,  v*  a.  J^^^  jammad;  v.  »•  tX4is»- 

jumid.  [tafmid. 

Congealable,  Ju^^jaSI  ^^;C«y«  fnumh'n  al- 

Congealed,  >.\4^cv^  mitnjamid. 
Congealment,  congelation,  Ju^^  U^id. 
Congenial,  congenerous,  ij»*:^  «^  /«rtf 

ywM. 
Conglomerate,  r.  ^^  /arntf^. 
Conglutinate,  r.  a^  A^Aam,  ^sp  hnak. 
Congratulate,    v.   cl/;l-J    &arai. 


hanna\  And  when  they  came  to  ns, 
they  saluted  me  and  congratulated  me  on  my 
safety,  and  took  me  with  them;  and  I  ae- 
quainted  them  with  my  storyi  and  what  I  had 

suffered  on  my  voyage,  \y^  L^Jlj 

Congratulation,  Xj^^  /oAitlaJ  (pi.  ^jUJ 
toAdnl).  Congratulatory  letter,  <■  .y  (^  # 
<U:^  tndktuh  tahnlat* 

Congregate,  v,  ^^^  jama^   [jam^iyat* 

Congregation,  %.  i^\A>- jamd^t,  ^ 

Congress,  «.  ^/Jus^  mafli», 
^Ijj  J  diwdn. 


CON 


(559) 


CON 


Congniencei  eongnnij,  iSj\yt  muwd- 
/altat,  ^j\su\  fttifikf  i3j^ia^  mutdbakat. 

Congruent,  congraonsi  ^H  l&yUi,  (J^^y 
muwafik,  e-^^li^  mundsih. 

Congmonaly,  Z^^^L^  Ji^  hthol  mundsa- 
batf  iA3\y  (JG  hikol  muwdfaiai. 

Conic,  iA'9/^'^  maihrHii, 

Conjecture,  (jmuj  kipdM,  ^^^^  iakhmln. 

And  sfaarpea  thy  perception  to  notice  efcry 
omen,  and  train  thy  diBcemment  to  correctness 
of  inference;  for  he  whose  oonjeetores  are 
light  has  his  joy  prolonged,  hut  he  whose 
notions  are  erroneous  has  his  success  de- 
ferred. Do  not  burden  thyself,  my  son,  with 
a  large  household.  Eschew  fastidiousness, 
abstain  from  frequent  importunity,  and  be 
content  with  a  small  gift  if  a  great  one  b^ 

.^'.  -.-it 


withheld,  *  ZiUL) 

Conjecture,   v.    ^^^^  khamman,    JtJby 

tawahham,  ^  tann. 
Conjecturable,  ^^4>flg;l\  ^^^^j^^   mumhin 

attakhmln,  Ji«)J  <«-^  r^  harlh  lil^akl* 

Conjectural,  15-*^-  [/aradan, 

Conjecturally,   \'m^A,ssr  tdkhmlnan^    U?^ 

Conjecturer,  «.  ^j^^^s^  mukhammin. 
Conjoin,  v.  ^y  hiran,  ^^^  tcasal,  ^^ 

Conjoint,  Jm^^  muttasil,  ^jic^  muttafik, 
CSf'kin^  muahtarik,  w4>:.jyr^  mujtami^y 
f^^jS^  fndkrUn,  \y^  satod. 

Conjointly,    U^  ma^. 

Conjugal,  ,«2fCj?/  ta%wy'i. 

Conjugally,  <^^1  l.^,.^j4J  ha  mujib 
asajat. ' 

Conjugate,  v.  uJ^  sarraf. 

Conjugation  (of  a  verb),  i^Mj>aS  tasrff. 


Conjunction,  j\a^\  tttihdd,  wi^jbm^, 
^U:;^\  ijtimd^   ^Ju^^^  muwdsalat, 

fj^j  wa$l,  J^^  wiadl,     A  conjunc- 
tion (part  of  speech),  i^iVtr  ^atf,    A 

copulative  conjunction,  ^UJl  i^J!Lz 
^atf  aJhaydn.  An  explicative  conjunc- 
tion (connecting  explanatory  or  synony- 
mous words),^<>a<flJl  ^aVir.  ^atf  attaf' 
tHr,  A  conjunction  of  the  planets, 
^j^\  *kitrdn»  The  conjunction  of 
two  beneficent  planets  (as  Jupiter  and 
Venus),  ^^ JjcJI  ^^)/i\  iUirdn  assac 
din.  The  conjunction  of  two  malig- 
nant planets  (as  Mars  and  Saturn), 
^j»M»^\  ^)^f  ikiirdn  al  ndhtHn. 
Corgunctive,  ^X-o^  wash.  Conjunctively, 

conjunctly,    Ijlart  ittihddan,    UUJl 

ittifdhan.  [JLy  fursat. 

Conjuncture  (occasion),    ^UJl   ittifdk, 

Conjuration  (conspiracy),  if  jJbU^  mu^^ 

hadat,  j\aj\  ittifdk;  (enchanting, etc.), 
jsr*   sihr,  <Uj  Ic  ^zitnat  (pi.    ^Alc 
^Mdym), 
Conjure,  v,  (entreat  with  earnestness), 

••  w  ^ 

CynaJ  tadarra^  15-*^  ^fl«kw»a*,  ic^-J 

tarajja' ;  (to  conspire),  jUj\  ittafak. 
Conjure,  v.^  (practice  enchantment),  ^^:^ 

sahar. 
Conjuror,  s.j>X^  »dhir,j\sr^  sahhdr. 
Connatural     (participating     the     same 

nature),  ^U^J?  Jj3  fard  tahl^at. 
Connect,  v.  connex,  ^^  karatif  Jy.tfj  wasal. 
Connected,  fJ*A^  muttasil,  jJucl^  muta" 

^allik,  \^^y^  makrun. 
Connexion,  ^UaJl  ittisdl,  L^mj  nuhat, 

Connivance,^^;-*!  ^^Uil  ighmddalukyn, 
Jjblar  tajdhul,  JiUjf  taghafid. 


CON 


(660) 


CON 


Connive,  v.Ja:!i\  ^joasS  aghtnad  annautr. 
Connoisseur,  ».^U  mdhir,  uJ;lc  caHf. 
Conquer,  v.  ^  fatah,    l^Ic  ghalab, 

C^Saj  tamaUak,  yb  tafar,  laLj  A»- 
salht.  To  conquer  one's  passiops, 
<U«iJ  ci^l^  ]au^  dabat  thahwai  naf- 
ttho.  Aecustomed  to  conquer,  Jia^ 
fnwtfir.  Ihur. 

Conquered,  c-^^i^  mahglnl.j^^  mak- 
Conqueror,  9,  ^JUyAd/t3,yL«i»ui/?r, 

Conquest,  ^faihyj^  %afr,  i^  nasrat. 

Consanguineous,  v-^y  karlh. 
Consanguinity,  July  harahaL 
Conscience,  ^^-^k,^  damlr,  S^i  %mmat. 
Bemorse  of  conscience,    n^Afjl!  -^y 

taufbtkh  addamtr.  And  if  I  take  to  him  any 
other  person,  he  will  hecome  a  weight  upon 
my  conscience.     I  know  not  what  to  do, 

Conscientious  (scrupulous),  i«  j  ^^^\^ 

sdhih  zmmat. 
Conscientiously,  d^^SjL  hikol  zimmat. 
Conscientipusness,  ibj  diyanat,  ^JuA 

imdn, 

Consoionable,  J^U^  tna^Hl 

Conscious,  u-wlj  toaUf,  j^^  khablr, 
J-1L«  muttali^  To  be  conscious, 
j-l£i  attala^.  Conscious  of  a  secret, 
j-I!»  tjri-l J  dakhil  astir. 

Consciousness,  cJLLl  tttila^,  Ac  ^ilm. 

Consecrate,  v.  ^^jj  kuddas,  ^^  karras. 

Consecrate,  consecrated,  (jmIl^  muhad- 

^'  ItakrU. 

Consecration,    ^^-JJij     takdls,   ^^^Jj 
Consecutive  (successive),   Jlyx**  muttcdll, 

yli::^  mutatahi^. 
Consecutively,  JI^IU  hi  iawah. 


Consent,   J^  hMl^  \j>j 

ijdhat,  ^lk«  maidwa^. 
Consent,  v.  jiJi  Utafak,  ^j  radl,  ^\^ 

Consentaneous,  ^^y  mmwdfik,  J«&«^ 
Consequence  (effect  of  a  cause),  i^\zj 
natijat;  (consequences),  ^\sJ  mUapj; 
(tendency),  ^jOji,  gharad,  «3udJ  iati. 
Certain  consequences,  iS^iM^^  0^^ 
natdyij  hakiUyat.  An  affair  of  cob- 
sequence,  ^j^  amr  muhimm.     To 

him  who  thinketh  not  of  resolts  and  eoiw- 
qnences,  fortune  is  never  favonnbley  and  he 

will  not  be  secure  from  perils,  ^J  .j^ 

Consequent,  ^Jba^  mutatalh,  Jb  tah. 
Tbe  antecedent  and  consequent,  ^JMrt!! 
^yij  al  mukaddam  wattdli. 

Consequently,  \i^  lihma,  «Ji3  J  §J^^ 

falaqfl  zalik. 
Conservation,  Isa^  hajk,  ^Is^  mukd- 

fa%atf  ^Ltf  siydnat. 
Conservative,  laiU-  hdjlz,  ^\as^  mukd/i. 
Conservator,  «.  laiU-  hdJlz. 
Conserve,  v.  lito.  ha/a,  ^^U  sdn ;  (fruits, 

etc.),  \jj^  J.*#x  carnal  murahbd. 

Consider,  v.  J^U  taamtnal,JJj  tafakkar. 
And  she  said,  0  my  Lord,  there  is  no  profit  in 
weeping.  The  right  opinion  is  this,  thai  we 
consider  a  plan  by  which  to  protect  thy  honour, 

Uilj  IIJI  ^  ijJUJ  ^X^U  viJUi 

Considerable  (worthy  of  consideration), 
juuil    u^^U    Bdhib   i^ibdr, 
mu^ahar,  ^^  muhimm. 

Considerably,  iolo  hi  %iyddaU 
Considerate   (prudent),   ^Jj 
sdhib  tadbtr,  J5U  ^dW. 


CON 


(661) 


CON 


ConBiderately,  ^Jcj   U  iadblr,  J^l:^ 

bi  taammul* 
ConsiderateneBS,  ij^^  hoArat  Jif  ^Jd. 
Consideration  (matare  tlioaght),^^./Sibr, 

Sisj  iafahkur\  (compenBation)i  i^ys. 
^wad;  (motiye),  ^^m,»n,,i  sabah.  With- 


»  » 


ontooDBideratioDy  <0  jn;Ju  htghayr  ruyat. 

My  veracity  in  all  that  I  had  said  hecame 
nuuiifett  to  him,  and  he  loved  me  ^atly  and 
treated  me  with  exceeding  consideration,  and 
did  me  the  hononr  of  marrying  me  to  his 

daughter,  ^t^^^T  i/  i^**^  ^^J 

Consign,  v.  (give  in  charge),  JLi  sallam. 

Consignation,  consignmeDt,  ^^yuta/tpld, 
M*\ luT  tashm. 

Consist,  9.  (or  be  composed  of),  Ji4&2il 

mm 

Consistence,  consistency  (snitableness), 
4mmiL^  mandsaiat,  iA3\y  muwd/akat 
(existence),  &3^^  umjud. 

Consistent  (not  contradictory,  suitable), 
^^\i^  j^  ghayr  mundkid;  (firm, 
solid,  not  fluid),  «X42£t«  munjamid. 

Consistently,  i^\:^  Jij  hikol  mundsahaL 

Consolable,  ^Jm^\  ^^C«m«  mumkin  atta' 

Consolation,  ,JumJ  toiaUl,  XJuJ  tasliyat, 
Consolatory,  ^5^ffiu^asBl  Xu^  tnusaUl, 

Console,  v.  _L>  «a2^',  ^^^  ^azsa'.  And 

■he  ceased  not  to  sit  with  her  and  console  her 
and  to  comfort  her  heart,  nntil  she  was  con- 
tent; her  bosom  became  dilated,  aod  she 
laughed,  and  her  trouble  and  the  contraction  of 
her  boBom,  on  account  of  her  separation  from 

her  fomily  and  home,  ceased,  JlJ  ^^ 


J!;^ 


Consolidate  v.  (makefirm),  tX4^  jammad. 
i^y  kawwa\ 

Consolidated,  JLff:^  muhakkam^ 

Consolidation,  aiAt  lahm,j^jahr. 

Consonance  (of  sound),  JuJu  naghmat, 
^li  kdfiyat. 

Consonant,  »,  0^^^  ^^  harftahlh. 

Consort,  «.  ^^j  tauij,  ^y^j  raflk. 

Conspicuous,  jSb^  %dhir,  (^^^f^  ma^Hm, 
^i^^Mi^  mashhur,  i^yyu%  ma^rHif,  Con- 
spicuous for  power  and  honour,  Jusr^ 
fMijld,  To  be  or  become  conspicuous, 
^fujl  intihahwr.  \jMihdr. 

Conspicuousness,   conspicuity,    \  ^\  A^ 

Conspiracy,  uJllar  tahdluf,  i»iJb\x^  mu- 

^dhadat. 
Conspirant,  conspiracy,  ^Jsc^  muttafik. 
Conspirator,   conspirer,  %,  (j^j  ^^fiK 

(»jLil^L«  mutakalif. 

Conspire,  v.  \yi\ssr  tahdlafik» 
Constancy,  ^f^^^«a«i1  istimrdr,  CIjlJ  sahdL 
Constant,  u:^Ij  sdhit,  Jsmj^  mtutakar. 
Constantly,  /^^y*^\  ,J^  ^o^'  addawdm, 

Uj^J  ddyman. 
Constellation,  *»  j^jf  ivrj.     The  pre- 
dominant constellation  or  star  at  any 
person's  nativity,  «JIW  i&lU,     Bom 

under  a  happy  constellation  (fortunate), 

'^Ux«ll  JjAau^  ^U?  tdli^moi^ikd  at- 

matdli^ 
Consternation,  ij^^-  hayraU 
Constipated,   tjoyJ^   makbnd.     To   be 

constipated,  ^jomS  inkahad. 
Constipation,  ^LaJI  inkihdd. 
Constituent    (elementary),    ^J,\S    sd^i, 

Constituent,  s,  (person  or  thing  which 
constitutes  somewhat),  ci^^J  »dt,  J^t 

86 


coir 


(562) 


CON 


atl,  ^jSfj  vngnd;  (one  that  dqrates 
another),  ^^y  mmoakhU. 
Constitute,  v,  c,,^^,)  noMh^  ^^  ^oyywit 

Constituted,  i^^yn\^  mamULh  ^j^jc^ 
muta^yinm  One  constituted  or  ap- 
pointed to  an  office,  i^yAX^  man»&h 

Constitution  (establishment),  c^  ^^^r)  tuul, 
^ji^  ta^ffln ;  (kw,  institution), ^y^ 
kdnun,  ^J^  Bhari^  (pi.  ^]/^ 
shardyt^;  (system  of  government), 
jfjjj  tadhir  (pi.  cJ\j^^Si  tadblrat); 
(natural  qualities),  ^fu^  tablet  (pi. 
cl^UmiL  'tablet).  The  constitution 
of  the  body,  ^\yt  tnwdj. 

Constitutional  (inherent  in  constitution), 
(J,]j  %dti,  ^1^\  asli;  (legal),  ify^ 

Constitutive  (essential),  (Jl  J  %dii,  ^X^\ 

asli,  kjj^^  jawhari. 
Constrain,  v,  (to  compel),  j^  jahar, 

Jiff  %dUm,  aJJI  al%am,  L,>^>nf.  ffhasah, 

(to  restrain),  \a^  dabat,  j^^  hasar, 
Constrainable,  ^:^1  (^Z^***^  mumkm  at 

man^,j^afZ  y^jbar. 
Constraint,  jy^s^  majh^,  (V^  ^^ 

toMtm.  To  be  oonstrained,  ajjJI  tltazam. 

Constraint  (compulsion),  L,.-^.rttr  ghaah\ 
(confinement),  (>mm»-  hahi. 

Construct,  i;.  (build),  ^^^«^  ^mmar,  ^jj 
hana^ ;  (to  form,  arrange),  Jqj  ntmam. 

Construction  (building),  j^aju  ta^lr ; 
(arrangement),  ^JJ  ^<K^lr.  Theoon- 
struction  of  one  noun  with  another, 
Sj\^\  iddfat.  Construction  (meaning), 
^:j(^  ma^M?  (pi.  (JU^  ma^dnf), 
^^^•mo^  madman ;  (explanation),  ^^ 

•harh^j^^MJu  tafilr;  (judgment),  4JAC 


Construe,  p*  (to  explain),  ^^  skarak ; 

(to  suppose),  ^y  farad. 
CouBubstantial,  ijuJg  «3^  ,/WtJ  tatl^ai. 
Consul,  9.  (chief  magistrate  of  a  place), 

Consult,  «•  (to  ask  advice),  ^luL2«t\  tiiff- 
«Adr.     To  oonsult  together,  I^^^UJ 

tashdwan*.     When  I  return  to  my 

mother,  and  oonralt  her  on  thii  subjecty  sbe 
will  not  allow  me  to  do  it ;  therefore  I  will 
not  return  to  her,  and  neyer  consolt  her. 

Consult,  consultation,  ij^JSi*^  nuukKo* 
rat ;  (an  assembly  or  council),  (^^j£«3 
dltPdn,  ^/AsT*  majtis.  After  oon- 
sultation,  lf,yu^\  Oju  ^^(?  oj 
warat.    A  person  consulted,  jIIcl 

Consumable,  ^Irj  yujUaf. 
Consume,   «.   (spend,   waste,    desAzoy), 
^j^  kharqf,  uJ^  wr<{f,  cJlj  ^o/id^, 

_i5t  a/na'.  [[jnotrM/. 

Consumed,    fj$^  muttdkal,   s^^ja^ 

Consumer,^.  c-al.r^  mtt^/t/,  uJ^^.^^  mumf. 

Consummate,  v.  ^  tammam.     [IdmQn 

Consummate,   J^X^   mukammalg  ^J^l^ 
Consummation,    a\aj\    t^mdm,    c)e<*^ 

Consumption,  Ci_ilLjfl  tUdf,   \^jc  wrf, 

^\jJ\     iirdf.       The    consumption 

(disease),  J^i  sUL 
Consumptive,  t^Jlrx^  mutlif;  (having  a 

consumption),  J^um^  maslul.  [lamt^ 
Contact,  JLoJt  ittisdl,  ^j»t^  mat,  ^j^ 
Contagion,  h\a\  udbat,  iAj^  Mordyaif 

bj  wabd,  i^^«X£  ^adwU 
Contagiou8|  ,^0j^  mu^dl,  i^L*  «dfL 


CON 


(568) 


CON 


Contain,  • .  ^^\  Mau^,  Jii^\  «A- 
tamai.    To  contain  9r  restrain  oneself. 

Containable,  t^f^  yahUHPi, 
Contained,    Jy%JL^  nmhmal^    ^f"^^ 

Contaminate,  r.  ^^/m^  nqffM* 
Contaminate,  contaminated,  ^/insfT  nafee^ 

k^9i^^  muiauwas.  [Uiiawwa$, 

Contamination,    ZJist:*  najdioi,   (^D^ 

Contemn,  v,Jbsj>A  (htakar,  ^Ut  mh&n* 

Contemned,  ^If^  muhdn,  tJJ  data,  jJi»^ 

Contemner,  «•  ,jf^  muhiin. 

Contemplate,   v,  ^\i  taammaly  JJb\j^ 

Bhdhad,  ^Lt  t&la^     Bo  I  wondered, 

and  I  raised  my  head,  and,  oontemplatuig 
that  object  attentiTely,  I  saw  that  it  was  a 
bird,  of  enormoiu  size,  hnlky  body,  and  wide 
wings,  flying  in  the  air ;  and  this  it  was  that 
oonoealea  the  eyes  from  the  son,  and  reiled  it. 


^  CuJ^Uj  ^\j 


'J3 


W?>  \j^»^\  ^^  ^  S^\  fy 

Ccmtemplation,    Hju^LyL^  mmK&hadat, 

(J^'ij  taammid, 
CentemplatiTe,  J^*\s^  muiaammil,jiis^ 

mmiafakkir.  Contemplatiye  Boienoe,  Jle 

i^yOiiS  ^m  attasawwttf*     The  oon- 

templatire  sciences,  ii^iJuiH]  u^U^l 

al  ma^rtf  al  ma^wiyaL 
Contemporary,  ^U^  mu^nr. 
Contempt  (scorn),  ij\ib\  ihdnai,  j\Ss,^\ 

Mik&r. 
Contemptible,  ^Iki^I  ^J^m^  mnutdhik 

miiktiidrfjJ^>'  hakirtjSs^s:^  muktakar. 
Contemptiblenessy  ij\A>^  hakarat,j\Ss^\ 

Contemptibly,  if^lS>.  JSj  Ithl  haidrat. 


Contanptnoos  (proad),^^Jc;^  mutakMir. 
Contemptnonaly,   ^j^^  ^^   hawafMn 

Contend,  r.  ^^Isi-  ibkUsm,  JjU^/ddM, 
cj\j  nd%a^,  iJ^  $dra^^ 

Content  (satisfaotios),  \^j  ridd,  ^Ijj 
hamd^oL  Contents  (whaterer  is  con- 
tained), ^^4mm  maim^m*  The  o(m- 
tents  of  a  book,  <^l:;j3l  ^y^»^  mad- 
wQ»  al  hiiah,  A  table  of  contents, 
iim^j^fahrasat.  The  substance  of  thd 
contents  of  the  letter,  ^y4*a/i\  iJiS^ 
IhaldBat  al  madmHn, 

Cbntent,  contented,  i^^j  rdil.  To  be 
content,  ^j  rail.    To  content,  ^^j 

Contention  (strife),  A^^^iOsL  khuiUmat, 
icjL^  mandMO^;  (emulation),  ij^ 
gl&rat  or  ghayrai.  [mukkdnm. 

Contentious,    ^J^    ffimtdsi^,    wls^ 

Contentioosly,  icj\i^jL{  htlsol  mand- 
na^at.  C^J^  nd»a^. 

Coniost,s.i^jL^mand»a^ai.  To  contest. 

Contestable,  Jl£jL«  ^  flM  mandm^. 

Context,  ^jS^  matn. 

Contexture,  ^^^^Ji  ta/rW>. 

Contiguity,  contiguonsness,  ^L^IU  maUd" 
aakat,  c-^  kurh,  jLaJl  ittisdl. 

ContiguooB,  Jm^IU  fmddsik,  Ju^  mut* 
tatHy  c^^  karlb. 

Continence,  l^\:c>sA  iftmdh,  Slz  ^jffbt. 

Continent,  Ai^tj  ndhid,  ^^  mutawar^ 

Continently,  fj^  J.^  htkd  wara^. 

Cq^tingence,  contingency,  jUjI  Utt/dk, 
eJ^  loahl^ 

Contingent,  ^^Jo^  Jdrl,  iJ  jU.  hddiiat 

ContingenUy,  ^UUjI  ittifSilm. 


CON 


(664) 


CON 


Continual,  *j[\  J  ddyiM.  [tMQan* 

Gontinaally   UjI  J  ddyman^  JLaL*  miiU' 
Continuance,  continuation,  l^^S^  madd" 
wamatf  /^^yi  dawdm,  ^lyt  muwdMhai, 
Continue,  v.  jas^S  ktimar,  fji  Idtam, 

4.^\j  wd%ab.     They  continued  tiie 

rejoicings  and  public  festiTitieB,  the  iUrnni- 
nations,  and  decorations  of  the  city,  for  a 
period  of  seTon  dayi,  in  the  utmost  happiness 

and  enjoyment,  Li^j!i\^  r!/'^  \^liii 

Continued,  /»jltX^  muddwam.  Con- 
tinuedly  (without  interruption)^  ti 
clkftil  hild  inkiid^,      Ci/J^  tahwwl. 

Contortion,  LocHI  ^r^f^^  in^wdj  al  a^id, 

Contraband,  ^y>A^  mamnU^  See  Pro- 
hibition, Illegal,  Illicit. 

Contract,  v.  (to  draw  togetiier), 

.  jatna^,  ^  damm;  (tobetrotfae), 

Ihatdb.   To  enter  into  a  contract,  4j<4bC 

^•^  ^mid  thur^t.    To  contract  the 

•  Tisage  (frown),  ^^^MMkC^a^iM.  To  contract 


.  acquaintance  or  friendship,  k«.*^»-L0 
9dhab.  To  contract  a  habit,  Jyu 
ta^awtoad.  To  contract  debt,  ^;J«3J 
tadayyan. 

Contract,  »,  (bai^n),  j\j\i  hdadr,  )e>jJ^ 
short  (pi.  ^jj^  thurUt),     A  contract 

of  peace,  J^\  OAc  ^akd  asiuih. 

Con  tractable,  ijMO&Jt  ^jL^^  mumiin  al 
takslr. 

Contraction  (abridging),  tl«flifi>^ViiA^Mar, 
j\»asj\  iktisdr.  Contraction  (of  the  eye- 
brow, etc.),  ^/mmC  ^ahs. 

Contracted  (drawn  together),  Jt^ioi^  mim- 

dam ;  (agreed  upon),  v^m^  mashrikL 

8he  then  said.  I  went  yesterday  to  the  young 
lady,  and, when  Bhe  beheld  me  with  broken 
heart  and  weeping  eye,  she  said  to  me,  0  my 
iinat,  wherefore  £  1  see  thee  with  contracted 


heart?  (j:.^;^  ij^\  ^1^  U  u: 


« JuJ\  iJLJ •    And  his  anxiety  and  grief 
increased,  and  his  breast  became  eontracted, 

on  account  of  the  Song  Bedr,  ^^aJb  J^ 
jiA;  viCUll  j-U  JfjXa  jU  sij  lA^ 

Contractor,  «.  JfOe  muia^MM, 
Contradict,  v,  ^jai\j  ndkad. 
Contradictor,  ^^^l:^  mundkid. 
Contradiction,  ^\ij  iandhmd,  Las^ 

mandkadat. 
Contradictory,  uJ!l^  mukhdltf,  ^il;^ 

mundkid,  ijo^L^  tnankud. 
Contraposition,  iJjU^  mukdhalai. 
Contrariety,  contrariness,  i«!l^  jmc2^- 

lafat,  U!is^\  ikhtHdf,  li  didd. 
Contrarily,  contrariously,   contraziwiae, 

uJl>.  UiOdf,  ^11^  diddan. 

Contrary,  t^jUlsr^  miikhdlif,  t,4*w 
khildf,  ^jas\:^  mundkid,  jAk^  mvyh" 
dyir.  Contrary  to  justice,  ^^t^'v■ 
^j£b\  hhildf  al  hak.  Contrary  to  nature, 
JuuJa!  \  uJL^  khOdf  attablcot.  Con- 
trary to  oustom,  jliii^l  4»il^  JMdf 
al  mu^d. 

Contrary,   «.    Uihs^  khildf,  Ip  didd. 
Contraries  do  not  meet  (a  proverb), 

Contrayene,9.uJlls>-ilAdi0/^  u^j^  ^drw^ 
Contribute,  t^.  (pay  tribute,  etc.),  ^  J 

t^Uclt  da/a^attakdn/. 
Contribution  (tribute),  f^^j  ruiiim.  Ex- 
traordinary contributions,  l^j^  Ay^j 
rmikm  ^fiyat.  [a^m. 

Contributor,  «.  (^y^\  ^^^  ^fit. 
Contrite  (much  worn,  bruised),  jr< 
maahuk ;  (worn  with  sorrow),  b.ii.i'^l:^ 
,muUiai$if. 


CON 


(565) 


COS 


Contrition^  oontriteness,  cX«'U  taatiuf, 
ZJ\jj  nadamai,  j\mSj\  inkiidr. 

Contrivance,  9^j^  tlMwA^  t:f\s^  fjdd, 
ktJ^S£>^  ihddi,  ^JcjI  Miia^,  ^^\ 
ibda^. 

Contrive,  •.  J^yrj  amfai,  ^/^^  Mtart^^, 

^jcjI  ihtada^  i^S^\  ahdaa.   I  wish 

to  obtain  one  glanoe  at  her,  though  my 
death  be  the  ooiueqiienoe ;  oontriye,  tiierefore, 
some  Btratagem  for  me,  that  I  may  see  her, 

Contriver,  t.  ^J^V*  mubtad%^t  lL 

muhdit,  *^y  mUfid. 
Control,  JlLU^  mukdhdat. 
Control,  V.  (accoimts),  Jjli  h&ldl ;  (to 

govern),  S^-  hakam.. 
CoQtrollable,kMaJf  ^jL^^^  mumkm  addabL 
Controller,  «.  (of  acoonnts),  J^Ia^  nm^ 

kdhih     Superintendent^  ^^j^\  amln; 

(a  roler),  fia\j  ndum,  Jij^  nmdabhkf 

^Ij  wdll.  [ai  mukahUat, 

CootroUerBhip,  XLIa^\  y^*^'*^  mamab 
Controversial,  t<^  lahA, 

Controversy,  ZJjlsr*  muf&idlat,  &^L« 

mubdhasat. 
Controvert,  ir.  ci..«>-U  hdhat,  ^^cf^^-jddai. 
Controvertible,  ibb».L«  ^  fthi  nrnbd- 

Contamacioa8^jjU^intf^dmJ,t3u:^^afili?. 

Continnaok>nfll7,if^lid^  JL  Ukol  ^aadwai. 

Contunacionsness,  oontninaoy,  jLe  ^ 
n&d,  Oj4j  tomanid. 

Contamdionsly,  \jf^\i  hi  Uitha,  J^ 
^iX^  Utel  mmammaif  ];«Aae?  iahr 
kiran.  [ikdnat^  \jfJ\  %Hihad. 

Contamelionsnefls,    oontnmely,    4jLjb\ 

ContOMon,  ^^  har$,  ^j  rod,  Jsf^  sahk. 


Convaleeoenoe,   U^   ikqfd,  ^\  *^jJ' 
ia^\  altawqjffuk  M  awMat. 

Convalescent,  yj^j^  y^  ^i^  k&ym  wm 

cimairad. 
Convene,  v.  (bring  together),  ^^jmma^ 
Convenience  (fitness,  propriety),   ^U 

las^dkai,  LJc^mundiobat,  iAi\y  mn- 

wdfakai. 
Convenient,  i-*-Jr^^  «^4;*i  Ji*  %**» 


»L«  mmdM,  (ji^y  muwdjik. 
Conveniently,  iA3\y  J^  hikol  mtMdfih 

kai,  iLrfL^  J^  hikot  mund9ahat. 
Convent,^  J  Aijrr.  See  Abbey,  Monastery. 
Convention,  *.  j^^JuBT*  ««y7iw ;  (contract), 

jUjI  ittifik. 
Conversablej^Ufij  ytda^dihar. 

Conversant,  y^^^  cJJ^j  wdUf  ^fl&', 

Conversation,  XiilC*  mvkalamat,  S^U^ 
mu^dtharatyij^is^fmi^warat  Cheer- 
ful oonversation,  ijlUP  ^hrat,  A 
man  agreeable  in  conversation,  c.  ^>'Up 
ijLs.  sdhib  ^hrat.  After  meat  con- 
versation (Arabian  proverb),  /^UU^  ^^ 
Mi£\  ha^  atta^m  d  kdldm.    Then 


they  ^em.  pL)  went  in  to  their  brother  and 
Balnted  him,  and  they  saw  that  hia  cfaarmB 
had  become  altered,  ais  complexion  sallow. 


ikim^  and  they  saw  that  his  charms 

jome  altered,  ais  complexion  sallow, 

and  his  body  lean ;  wherefore  they  wept  in 
pity  for  him,  and  sat  with  him,  and  cheered 
him,  and  comforted  his  heart  by  conrersation, 

Converse,  «.    Sij    takMam,    i.^.^iX.nr* 

tahadda%y\,.;.'^\^  t(Udhab,J*kA  lakask. 

And  I  conyersed  with  him  till  bedtime,  when 
he  prepared  for  me  a  place  in  this  shop,  and 

bronghtmeahedandooverlet,Vi£^jW^ 


CON 


(666) 


COO 


Conversioii,  c-^JuSj  feifcftj,  l-J^Sj  Aiit- 
«//u5,  c^lftJl  ffi^'M^.  ConTerdon  (in  a 
religiousseiwe),  iy  tawhta^  ^\  ^j>l)^ 

Convert,  v.  (change),  J*xj  &id^^ 
ghayyar ;  (to  appropriate  to  any  use), 
^^^cua^  hhaB9a9  \  (to  be  ohanged),  ^^ 

Convert,  I.  J^^  ibi(Al/.  See  Proselyte. 
Converter,    «.   4...Ji^  mnkaUtb.     The 

converter  of  hearts,  s^^t  k^^ZjL% 

mukallA  W  ladfLh. 
Converted,  4-JlLw^  munkalth,  c-^jlX« 

Convex,  i— .^  mukaUak.  c^^xsr*  mti- 

•  •  • 

Convey,  i^.  JiJ  naib/. 

Conveyance  (carrying),  Jij  nakl\  (pass- 

•^)' J^  ^«*ar;  (assigning),  ^^-Lj 

i^^lm,  ^j--*j  to^yfn. 
Convict  V.  (of  gnilt),  c:-J^  «»*«^'  (to 

confate),  ^K!l  Jfjrad4tl  ialdm,  ^U 

Convict^  oonieioted,  a^Ici^^^iimm^iZ^ 

Conviction,  CL^UI  i«l^d/.  Conviction  of 
gnilt,  Aye\  lzjLj\  isbdt  ajJMrm. 

Convince,  «.  uu^f  •a«ia^,  ^;i  htmti^. 

Convincible,  ^»k>i  yuniani^ 

Convincing,  ^:JU  muknt^,  A  convinc- 
ing proof,  lsf^\j  Ji?"  Atj^^  wddifmt. 

Convinciii^ly,    j^ia^  i:>-y    ^'   tM/^n 

Convivial,  |»jjJ  fMeftm.  Convivial  enter- 
tainment, convivaHty, «,  JliL^  diyOfat. 
A  convivial  companion,  a^  jj  naiim. 


Convocate,  convoke,  v.  Uo  dls^d.     To 
convoke  an  assembly  w  coi 

Convocation,  ^UitA^i  iyc^  du^mdtgjjmh 
^iyat.    A  convocation,  ^^^Jlst^  sM^Tcir, 

Convoy,  «.  (road-^^oide),  Jj)^  J  liate/;  (a 

travelling  guard),  yu  ghafar. 
Convoy,  v.  kil^  A4/2».  To  convoj  by  see, 

jiU  yAd^,  laiU-  ^/»,  ^\j  rafek. 
Convulse,  v.  Ji3  nakal.  The  convnlBiaDs 

of  a  mad  dog  «r  of  a  person  bit,  i^ 

Convulsive,  t^Jt*  mtdnwwl. 
Coo,  V.  (as  a  dove),  u,c»  i&0^. 
Cook,  «.  ^llt  tabdkJL      A  oook-ioom, 


Cook, «.  .^  to^M. 

Cooked,   ^^fk«  maihikkh.      Th^  had 

prepared  for  tbemaelves  fire-pots,  and  tiier 
lit  the  fires  in  them.  Their  oocnpatioiis  vere 
▼arioQi;  aome  cooked,  othera  waabed,  aad 
others  amnaed  themaeWee.  I  waa  among  thoee 

who  were  amusing  themselves, .  jJt 

j\j^\  L^  \j^j\j  ^^1/  ^  1^ 


-^J^  er*  ft^  j^l*-S»^  c; 


^  j^  J^  iir*  (4^jcMi  J^  c) 

Cookery,  ^J^  MM. 

Cool,  «^b  3drti.  Constituttonally  cool, 
^];Jt  i^Jj  hdrid  4a  »tt^'. 

Cool,  «.  0r  make  cool,  J^  hmmd;  (to 
become  cool),  «3^  iMrad.  To  beoome 
cool  or  indifferent  in  anytiiing,  ^ 

Cooled  (grown  cold),  J^U  harid. 
Cooler,  <.  (a  vessel  in  which  anything  is 
cooled),  Oj^  mmiarrid.         [imrlLisi. 
Coolly  (withoQt  heat),   if  J^  JL  Mbl 


coa 


(667) 


COB 


ir 


Coolnessy  ifjj^  hur^ukU. 
Coop,  8.  (for  fowls),  ijoij  htfuj  ^  bm. 
Coop,  V.  (^/oaaIU  ^^  €90^0^  M  kafu. 
Co-operate,  r.^^^jl^Jju^J  \jk>-l*XcL» 

Co-operation,  iscXut^  mus&^adaL 
Co-operative,  Aflyyt^  musd^id, . 
Co-operator,  9.  fj^j  ra/ikf  J-mIU  C^^-i 

sharik  hil^amal. 
Co-ordinate,   iUyt  J^  ford   fMrtdbai, 

Copartner,  >.  clioy^  tAoriit. 
Copartnership,  cJ\jiJL\  UMirdh,  iS\jJU 

ihardkat. 
Copied,  J^a:^  manhaJf  fy*^^  MOHfilU. 
Copier,  copyist,  «.  JiU  itdM, 

Coping  (of  a  wall),  i^le  ^alSwai, 
Copions,  j^  iaar,  fJijs^jaal,  ji\^  fo&fir, 
^\^  wdfl,  jg>-\j  %dlMr,jiJc  ghMr, 

Copiously,    ]j^  koilran,  etc. 
CopioQsness,  ij^  kasrai,  etc. 
Copper,  {jM\strnahd8* 
Copper,  8,  (caldron),  ^|j3  kiMn.  Copper 

mines,  (jwnlar^Jjt/t  nu^^dan  nahdi. 
Coppersmith,  «.  ^/mW*  imM^. 
CoppeiasyyJf;*!  -.V;  %af  aihdar. 
Coppery,  ,^1^^  luiAdH.  [uMudl. 

CJopnlate,  9.  (nmte),  ^qVip  ^tf^»  J«f^ 
C^opolation,  dit^Lsr*  mtf^sM^a^,  ^Jip 

iatmj. 
•   Copuktive,  ,^^^  wcutl.    A  oopolatiTe 

conjunction,  <— alir  uJ^  to/  ^a(f. 

^7>  ••  (not  an  original),  ii^  fmkha^^ 
ijya  iHmUi  (fonl' draft),  iOy**^  mu^ 
9moioadat. 

^Py,  ^.  Ja)  naM. 

Coqoet,  v.j^xJC  taglwndar. 


Coquetry,  ijiyix>  ghandaraU 

Coquette,  «.  jjjJ^  ghandur. 

Coral,  J^j^  ma/KJdm.  A  coral  bead, 
S^Kp^y  marfdnat^ 

Cord,  ».  J*:>-  habl 

Cord-maker,  «.  JV>-  AtfiMZ. 

Cordial  (sincere,  hearty),  ^^  i«^J, 
-.fjMi^MwIml ;  (invigorating,  exhila- 
rating), ^jibm  tnujrihy  ^fc^  mwJA^". 

Cordially   (heartily),   L-JiS^  j^--^-^  ^j;^ 

^a»  samlm  al  kali. 
Cordwain,  Corduban  or  Morocco  leather, 

jjUair*  iokktigdn. 
Coriander,    2fj^   bmbora.      Coriander 

seed,  \jyJ\  L^  kMat  auawdd. 
Cormorant,  «.  (bird),  JjjLA  oifarod* 
Com,  4,,»jgj>>  Atf^a^.    A  single  com  or 
graiui  ^U»>  hdbhat*    A  corn-merchant 
or  chandler,  ^y*^  ^,  hayyd^uhuh 


Cornelian,  «.  /jJt^  &a£f£. 


Corneous  (resembling  hom),  ^^^  Jl^ 

Comer,  «.  aj^\j  tdwiyaU    The  exterior 
comer  of  the  eye,  ^;-J^  l-^  J  «w»ii  a/ 

Comet,  8.  (trompet),  Jfy  Jfl*,^;-i3  no/^r; 
(a8tandard-bettrer)j;b  j\j^bayrakddr. 
Cornice,  8.  ?jifi  ^aldwat  [kamayin. 
Comigerous  (homed),  ^Ji^y^^J^  *^  «' 
Corollary,  8.  ^^^  nadjat,  a\aj\  ttmdfn. 
Coronation,  8.  (ju^jullU,  J-1^  takhl, 

Coronet,  ^\j  tdj. 

Corporal  (relating  to  the  body),  iJ«Xi 

iadani,   t^Xm>-   ja8adl;    (material), 

(jUyuif^  jttmdnU 
C(a^9XLj,^^S**i^^fyjhfnaw^nja8adl. 

Corporate,  amaocu  mv^^'dSMtm. 


COB 


(568) 


008 


Coiporation,  i,ls\A^jamd^,  iij^  ^^\ 

MMrfai. 
Coiporealy  ^iUuM>-ytiMPidni. 
Corpee,  #.  iLprjV^- 
Corpalencey  corpnlencyy  i>JLm>' jatdmai. 
Corpulent^  M^Mts^ja^m* 

Correct,  r.  (pnnish),  i^lc  ^dkab,  ^jfO^Xi 
tdsat ;  (to  amend),  ^  miOdh. 

ioOah,    Jt9^  mmahhah. 

Correotion  (paniBhmeiit),  c^Ue  ^tkdi, 
djjke.  ^ukubat;  (emexDdation), 

Correctly,  i»^  Ji)  hikol  sahhai,  JG 

iJ  J  »»ib;  dOkat. 
Correctnees,  Is^  idhhat,  ZJj  dikkat. 
Coirector,  «.  (poniaher),  v_^fU-t  mucd- 

if3 ;  (an  amender),  ^-^  muulUK 
Correlati7e,^JybJM•  i9UiiMill^,^>-V^  r<l;V^. 

Correlatiyelj,    JLj  fiM^a^ofi. 
Correspond,  v.  (suit),  j^lj  w^a/ajfc,  jjlt 

UiAak.  To  correspond  by  letter,  v_n7\^ 

Corre8pondence(smtablene68),  J^Ail^  mu- 
trd/o^^,  JciblL«  rniOdhakat;  (inter- 
ooorse),  Jlj)U  ^aldkat,  JJ^  taraddud. 
A  literary  correspondence,  LlUU  m«- 

kdtabiU,  iXJj^  murdsalat,     0  my 

none,  and  what  ia  the  remedy  for  desire  ? 
The  remedy,  answered  she,  is  aninteryiew. 
And  how  can  that  be  obtained  P  asked  she. 
And  the  other  replied,  By  correspondence, 
gentle  words,  many  compliments,  and  saluta- 
tions, *^'jJ  c:JU  A\jii\  MjJUj  JjbLj 

^L^\  j\t^\j  ^Ki\  ^^  a-i^b 

Correqpondenti  oorresponsiTe  (suitable), 


muMik 
Carrespondenty  $.  l-^IC«  wtui&Ub. 
Corrigible    (amendable),   ^1^S\  ^;^ 

mmnlm  al  udak ;  (punishable),  k.-'^l^ 

Corroborate, «.  Ju^  9hmfyad,  ^^  hawwi. 

Corroborated,   «/^   fMkaimD^^    OJ^ 

mMoyffad. 
Corroboration,  ^^aJ  idhoiffat,   Ju,y£J 

Corroboratiye,   oorroborant,    v/^^a^  «a- 
Corrode,  9.  J^t  ajb/,  ^^^  Mm. 

Corroded,  J^'lL*  mii^Aub?. 

CorrosiYe,  Jj^l  oibl/. 

Corrupt,   9.  JuMil   d[/k<?.     To  oonupt 

(bribe),  \JUj  roikd,  Jt^  hartal. 
Corrupt,  JudU  /d«ii,  Jy«X«  mafiAd. 
Corrupter,  #.  Juui«  mufaid. 
Corruptible,  jImaII  JjU  idhHalfaidi. 
Corruption,  jLJ  fudd;   (matter  in  a 

sore),  ^   ioyiA;    (bribery),   J-t^ 

hartil,  iyJ^j  rathwai.  (alfatdd. 

Corruptive,  jLi]t  ^\  JjU  mdytJ  libi' 

Corruptly,  jLi  J^  Siib/  /a«dif. 
Corruptness,  jUmaII  ify  jbiuw^  alfatdd. 
Cosmetic,  ^jm*^^  m«Aa«M»,   Ju^  aw- 
na^^m.  [thmyawi. 

Cosmical  (relating  to  the  world),  ^^O 

Cosmographer,  «.  LjjJt  w^  \^j\^^drif 

hi  ra9m  addunyd. 
Cosmographical,  Lj  «x!l  a«^  * ,  *j-'  -t  Mm- 

ffli  2eiraMi  addtaiyd. 

Cosmography,  iJ  jJI  £jb  Ai^o^  addmyd. 
Cost  (charge),  ^j^  iharf;  (prioe),i4-J 

iimai;  (loss),  ^]^  mi«2iimi^. 
Costly,  adf.  ^U  ;Ad^.     So  they  pie- 
pared  for  him  a  hundred  loads  of  the  most 


cov 


(569) 


COU 


costly  Btaft,  £jU  a!  \^  d^  J  Sm 

Cost,  V.  ujl^  ib^Zf^f.     I  boQgbt  ber  for 

two  thonaand  pieces  of  gold,  and  I  hare  been 
trayelling  witn  her  for  three  ^^ears.  It  has 
cost  me  until  my  arriTal  at  this  place  three 
thousand  pieces  of  gold ;  and  she  is  a  present 
from  me  to  tiiee.  Upon  this  the  king  con- 
ferred upon  him  a  magnificent  robe  of  honour, 
and  gave  ordras  to  present  him  wiUi  ten  thon- 
aand pieces  of  gold,  _i)U  \fjjJ^\  \j\ 

GoatiTeness,  ^LS^f  inkibdd. 

Cotemporary,  c:uJ^ J^  ford  uhM, 

Cottage,  9.  cote  or  cot,  ^^f  Hkh. 

Cotton,  ^Jai  loin.  A  cotton  dresser, 
^lU.  hdHdj.  The  art  of  dressing 
cotton,  iL>-i>*  hiUdjat,  Made  of  cotton, 

Conch,  9.  ^]ji  fird9h.    A  travelling 

conchy  ^^j  cu.ck?  takkt  rawdn.    And 

on  the  conch  there  was  a  young  lady  resem- 
bling the  shining  sun.  Eyes  had  not  beheld 
one  more  beantiral.    Upon  her  was  a  garment 

of  brilliant  pearls,  ^J^jlj^^  L<^9 

Covenant,  «.  Jfc  ^ahd^  )efjJs  9hart,  J^ 

itHoL 
Covenant^  v.  IfjJ^  9harat. 
Coyer,  «.  Iki  ^Ao^.    A  coyer  (pretext), 

ji3kf  ^far,  He.  ^tUai;  JJaJ  ta^ul; 

(defence},^)  L^  «f^dna^,X^Uk>-  himdytU. 

Coyer,  ir.  ,JL&  ghoM.     To  coyer  (as  a 


hen  hw*  eggs),   ^^^^^^^  Xodbn.      To 
coyer  (as  ahorse  does  a  mare),  Jio  tdh. 
Coyerlet,  9.  i^U!  lOdf. 


Coyet,  r.  ,  ^fJi»\  uhtaha?.  Then  makest 
Sr 
prcTail  the  lore  of  raiment  that  thou  coretest, 
0T6r  desire  of  recompense  that  thou  mightest 
earn  (ue.  Thou  preferrest  to  get  a  dress  which 
thou  ooretesty  rather  than  to  obtain  the  reward 

for  a  good  action),  c^ji  S"^^  ^*-r^J 

Coyeted,  ^  M**^  matrnf^^fth. 
Coyetoos,  w^lL  tdmi^ , 
Coyetoosly,  wit  J^  bikol  iama^ 

Covetousness,  w^k  tama^* 

Cough,  <l!jwi  9a^at. 

Cough,  «.  Jjim)  m^oJ.  The  noise  made 
when  coughing,  ^C&la^  noAnaAtf^. 

Council,  f.  jjJuB^  ma;7ft,  i!fiUs»- yamd- 
t^^»  uW"^  i^t^dn,  JacT*  mahfai.  A 
general  council,  aU  ^^^v>  dlwdn  ^dm, 
A  priyy  council,  ^Ici*  jj^^*^  <ftfcraii 

Counsel  (advice),  ijy^  mashwarat, 
i^fOj  noMat.  Good  counsel,  4^1^ 
u^SU  ray  <AiM.  Bad  counsel,  4^'lj 
JudU  ray  f(l9id. 

Counsellor  of  state,  9.  jij^  walr  (pL 
\jj^  ioaaard),  jJL^  nnuhlr.  Coun- 
sellors of  state,  ^^j^jJ^  S^Vj^  orftdi 
addlwdn,  [akoMlr. 

Counsellorship,  jlj^^  i^^a\f9   mamab 

Count,  V,  s^^*\^  hd9ab,  J^  ^o^,  c,>iim»» 
Aa«aft.  To  count  (esteem),^^«icW'^^ar. 

Count,  c^Uu^  AMdi. 

Countenance,  Aai^  immsor,  ij^  <ilra^, 
^^  tra;A.  A  beautiM  countenance, 
jM«i>-  ^^  wafh Jamil;  (favour,  pro- 
tection), <^U^  himdyat. 

Countenance,  9.  JkfiLt  «d^ai,  ^^  Admo*. 

Countenancer,f.^^Ur^  muhdml^  iXf.L<M< 

Counteract,  9.  uJlU^  hhdlafy  ^^  ^rad. 
Counterbalance,  9.  iL!  jIil«  mu^dddlat* 


CGU 


(670) 


COU 


Counterbalance^  9.   Jjle  ^dalf    a^U 

kdwam, 
Connferfeit,  i.   (ooimferfeiti  impostor), 

ghadddr*      Connteifeit    (impoBtore), 

Counterfeit,  oonnterfeited,  jjjj^  mmmo^ 
Counterfeit,  r.  jJj  kaUad,j^J  wawwar.  ' 
Cotinterfeitly,     \j^   ^hadram,    ]ji3p 

Coontermand,  9,  L^\i^y^\  amr  makkd' 

Countennand,  9.  ^^^^  naJbu^ 
CoontermaFob,  «.  U  u^JLk^UwJi^^ 

Coontermarcb,  «•  l«  uJIoT^^ImjiSIj^ 
1 4Xfi]U  2r^l  Myyor  <iZ  ^oidkir  hi  IMaf 

Countermark,  «•  iL«lL  «3u0  ^le  ^aldmat 

didd  ^aldmai,  [li^hm. 

Countermine,  8.  Ji  ti^  Ji  lifkm  didd 

Countermine,  v.  Ji  Ji^  Ji  J^^^c  ^amdl 
lighm  didd  lighm.  [didd  harahat. 

Conntermotion,  SSj^  Xi  SS^  karaiat 

Countermure,  «•  (wall  behind  wall),  ivU- 
jr^A^  jLJS  ^Vf^  hayet  mmlmt^  li  imi&d 
ghayroK 

Countematural,  ^jlJ^j^  ghayr  tdbl^. 

Connteipane,  t.  iji\  Jam»  uJU?  ^Ad/ 

fhughud  tbrai. 
Counterplea,  «•  S-^i^  jaw&h. 
Counterplot, «.  uJSlo^^Jlci^W'^aM- 

Ai/  ^o/o'  tdkdhrf. 
Countezpoifie,  b.  ^j<y  muwdaanai. 
ConnterpoiBon,  amJI  Xa  didd  atrnm. 

Counter-security,  a^jiJL^  JLiU^  kafdlat 

muahtaraiat  [o^^dftr. 

Counting-bouse,  «•  ,s^UI  ^«i"«C^  makM 


CounilesSy  <^Lm>>]Ij  hUd  hiM. 

Country,  «.  (region),  jL  &i20i^  (pL  jIj 
MZaiQ;  (native),  ^^9^  waian  ;  (people), 
Jjbl  aA2.  A  native  country,  ^^ 
^cA«A^  waian  haJAkl. 

Country  (mstio),  ^^  harri. 

Countryman,  s.  .li/iSilA. 

Couple,  «.  «p.j|j  sm^'. 

Couple,  9.  (marry),  _jjj  wwwof. 

Coupled,  J^^  mawiiil.     Coupled  in 

matrimony,  ^^y*  munawfixi^. 
Couplet,  u:-^  hayL 

Courage,  JlcLb^  ihafd^ai,  **)jS^  /aratfi. 

We  feared  that,  if  we  kUled  one  of  tbem,  or 
Btnick  him,  or  droye  him  away,  they  would 
kill  US,  on  aoeonat  of  their  exoemve  nam- 
her;    for  numbers  prevail  against  ooniagB, 

Courageous,  ^Is^  iha/d^,  uf^j^"'^* 
Courier,  ^<cL«  'd^l,  Ala^iy  jw»l0. 

Course,  #•  (race),  uJ^  tiharaf;  (laoe- 
ground),  ^^a-^  mli^n;  (way),  ^Jo 

iarik,  ^^^^f^  mihil;  (succession),  His^ 
kkUdfati  (custom),  ijle  ^ddai;  (me- 
tbod),  <^jLtl  a«te5.  A  wster*ooarse, 
'U^^  tarikma. 
Court,  «.  (palace),  j«^  ibwr.  A  court  of 
justice,  X^ilsr^  makkamai,  A  court 
before  a  bouse,  ^^  Li  sdkat,  ^^j^^  saAn. 
A  court  or  quadrangle,  £>-L«  fd^. 
A  court  in  inns  wbere  they  load  cara- 
vans, etc.,  ^\^  kkdn.  Tbe  court  or 
retinue  of  a  prince,  i»«3^  aAijv-  Jbi- 

«Aam  tra  ilAiu20m.  And  we  entered 
this  pavilion,  and  found  in  it  a  wide  open  qpaee, 

like  a  wide  large  court,  wU  D^;.  jj 

j^\  ^Ijll  u^' 


CBA 


(570 


CBE 


Court,  r.  (flatter),  jL«  MoOoi.  Tooonrt 

a  woman,  Jhm«j&  ^oshAf  Zi^\j^\ 
mhar  al  muhabhai.  Tooonrtorsolioit, 
%m;^)ff  tdlabf  ^jitAS^\  iUmHOi* 

Comteoos,  i^jAi  iMf.    See  AfhUe. 

Conrteooflly,  calaJj  Mii^. 

CoorteBan,  courtezan,  t.  IJL^^ pihuhai. 

Coortesy,  conrteonaness,  oonrtliness,  ^1^ 

Mfd/^,  J^iUai  Uiid/at.  But  praise  be 
to  God  for  thy  safety!  Then  lie  treated  me 
villi  benefieraoe  and  honour,  canaed  me  to 
draw  near  to  him,  and  began  to  cheer  me  with 

con7erBationandeonrte8y,^tX4h^t^^ 

Coonn,  s.  (uncle's  son),  a^  ^\  ibn  ^am; 
(annt*s  son),  ^U.  ^1  ibn  ihdU ;  (re- 
lation), u^yi  jMrih, 

Cow,  «.  2r^  ^oibm. 

Coward,  «•  ^J^fS^jabd%  JjJ  fUuK 

Cowardice,  cowardliness,  Z}L>-/fSd9ui/, 

Coxoomb,  «•  (a  vain  boaster),  yji^^ 
midabdhl;  (the  oomb  of  a  cock),  ^l7 
CSjSi\  tdj  adHl. 

Coxcombical,^^  li  f&jir.  {wdkkt^r. 

Coy,  JHc^ss^  mUhUukim.    To  be  coj,J»^ 

Coyness,  L>-  hayd^jKi^  wAar. 

Crab,  ^U?^  mtMm. 

Crack,  «.  (chink),  Jh&  «Ai£  (pL  J^ 
•AtfihlA;).  Cracks  in  mountains,  jfo 
sygh^r ;  (a  flaw,  defect),  ^jtAi  naii. 

Crack,  r.  (split),  ^Jj^  thak,  )ojJ^  iharat. 

Cradle,  tXf«  makd  (pi.  J|^  muhui). 

Crafb,  craftiness  (fraud),  ^^  fytafa*,  ^tJu>. 
kiktf  J4X&  ghadr.    Craft  (trade,  art), 

CrqftUy,  ''ijjj^yA^dr^m.    [^oU.  JU4A'^, 
Crafty,  ^«^:^lU«ia{d^fi^t,^1  Jl£  ghadddr, 


Cram,  v.  ^Ji*^  htuh^,  [muhBhl. 

Crammed,   yJ*Am^  wwhttuiklj   ^J^*-^^ 
Cramp,  JLL^  moihial,  [huMr. 

Cramp,  v.  (confine),  ^J^^  iayyahy  joi 
Crane,  9.  (bird),    J(/  hrhi  (pi.  ^/J/ 

JUrditi);  (a  machine  for  raising  great 
weights),   ^y^fcLt  moii^ii,   Ia«^^ 

Crash,  «.  iUi^  h^ha^tnt. 

Crave,  v.  u-^^Jit  ^oM,  ^^»tAsi\  ittatnoi. 

Craunch,  «•  ^^  karia^f  ^j3j  waihudt. 

Crawl,  r.  ^^fc>  iM,  g^  lor^*,  t— ir^J 

wahaf. 
CraiinflH  (imbecility),  JlAff!\  ZiUr*  taka* 

fat  al  ^akl,  Js^  (^K*;   (o^  mind), 

uJyS^  iharaf. 
Crazy,  ^^Jj^n^^  db^f/,J>>lfi  ^ofts;  (broken 

witted),  t^jS^  munkharif,  ^y»^ 

mafnun,  ^;^/>•  kharfUn^  [iti^^. 

Cream,  Jk^:^  kaymak^  is^J  ksthta,  ijjj 

Crease,   «.   (fold),    4^^^  Mtf^tra'   (pi. 

i^^lk<«  »ui^dirf). 
Crease,  r.  ^^jl?  tawa\ 
Create,  v.  j;L;^  £Aa£fi(,  ^j^  Mna^ ;  (to 

investor  appoint),  ^^4»,^9amma\  \^  ^»nf 

naaah. 
Created,  J^^i^  makUak. 
Creation,  iSi^  khalkat. 
Creative  (having  the  power  of  creation), 

jIU.  khalik,  j]l^  nwktdik. 
Creator,  #.  ^\t>^  khdlik,  fc/Jwt  mubdl. 

The  Creator  of  the  universe,  j)U^ 
CL^bl^t  kkaOdk  d  UyndL  The 
Creat<Mr  of  demons  and  men,  Jj^ 
^^\^^\khdll(lkt^%n¥f(anAi.  The 
Creator  of  the  wonders  of  the  worP 


CBE 


(572) 


CEI 


JUS1  c^U^  jlf^  khaOdk  ^aj&yib 

Creature^   «.  (J^^^  maWnh,  £^L^ 

maJMukat  (pi.  C^U^Uf*  mai^/flJ^O' 
^aJl^;^  Ichal^Jcat  (pi.  JjIU^  iE;Aa/dyi&). 
Creatures  (all  things  which  God  has 
created),  ^OJI  jJ^f^U  mS  Jl^^  dlah. 
A  rational  creature,  j;Ll3  ^y^  hay- 
iffdn  ndttk.    An  irrational  creature, 

^\j  j*c  \^^ys^  hayio&n  ghayr  ndttk. 

She  captiyateth  aH  creatures  with  her  eyes ; 
and  it  seemeth  aa  though  they  were  her  slayes, 

^^Ull  ^^l^*  Ifr^  (j-^Wl  ^^j 

Credence  (belief);  jUs^l  i^ikdd,  oU&el 
i^mdd,  ^UjI  fmdft.  ' 

Credential,  ^^oUicI  i^ttkadi. 

Credibility,  credibleness,  oUs^U'^^mdcif. 

Credible,  j^sj^  fnu^iaiar,  Jy^sjL^  mu^ 
tamadf  jUicSl  c^^^jSm^  mustaiffftb 
al  i^mdd,  [tahkikan. 

Credibly,     IjUclcI    i^m&dan,    UgiaT 

Cifedit  (honour,  reputation),  jLiel  i^ti- 
hdr,  uJ^  iharaf.  Of  no  credit, 
jUifl  \    bUd  i^ibdr ;    (testimony), 

ij\^  thahddat;  (authority),  ^Jj 
kudrat;  (confidence,belief),^Ujhmdfi, 
oU&cl  t^imdd,  jIaix^I  i^ikdd.  To 
sell  upoB  credit,  ^^jdb  ^Ij  jd^  &i7 

<2(i^.  Credit  (promise),  tXfu  ta^hhud. 

Credit,  9.  (beHeve),  Jis^l  i^takad;  (to 
trust,  confide  in),  tX^^c^l  i^tamad;  (to 
give  credit,  or  lend),  ^^  karad;  (to 
give  credit  or  do  honour  to  any  person 
or  thing),^^^1  i^tdbar. 

Creditable,  j^sjl^  tnu^tabar,  Cy%>>|^ 
j\fSx!i\  wdjib  al  i^ibdr. 

Creditableness,  ^Lxfil  i^ibdr. 

Creditably,  ;,Uc\  JC>  bikol  i^Ubdr. 


Creditor,  s,  ^  J^  mudayyin,  ^ijC-  yhoffmj 

^i>S\  L^^0^^\^  idhib  addln. 
Credulity,    credulousness,   jUs^St    Jj^J 

»awd  al  i^iikad. 
Credulous,  jl&xllt  ^^Mrfc  o^  t^ikdd. 

Creed,  a.  (^Ujlt  L^y  ^  i^niin  a/  fividii. 

Creek,  s.  (of  the  sea,  etc.),  ijf^)^  MoJ^'. 

Creep,  r.  uJ>-)  so^. 

Crepuscle,  j;i^  «Aff/U  (pi.  j\!dL\  aahfil. 

Crescent  (new  moon),   JlLb  haldl  (pL 

iLUf  ahUM). 
Crescent,  crescive  (growing),  15^^  n&mlL 

_^U  ndihlf  ks^lj  n4^*^. 
Cress,    cresses    (herb),  c\JLj   roAdd. 

Water-cresses,  i^  karral,  U11  iALj 

raahdd  al  md,  \^\j^jg^  jaryir  al  md. 
Crest,  <•  ij^  kumbarat* 
Crested,  f  ^  ^  ^0^  kumbarai. 
Crevice,  «.  jji  /u/j^,  Jh^  «^^. 
Crew,  «•  JuU>-  jamd^ai.    The  crew  of 

a  ship,  ^yS^V  dlhahriyat.     And  I 
found  a  handsome  new  yeasel,  with  saili  of 


oomely  canyas.    She  had  a  nnmerons  crew, 
and  was  snperfluonsly  equipped,  and  I  cansed 


my  bales  to  be  loaded  in  her,  CL 

Crib,  9.  (oz-stall),  t^Jlx^  ma^laf  (pL 

i^Jl\jL^ma^lif) ;  (acottage),^j^teJU. 

Crib,  «.  (put  in  a  cage),  ^^/MiiSU  w^j 

iffoda^bil  kafu. 
Cricket,  «•  (insect),^«iytf  aarmr. 

Crier,  «.  i^jL^  miffid<ft,  JJj  i2^iZ2^{. 

Clime,  «.  (ijPrJ^rm  (pL  (^]/r  >iirtfyib), 

J\  Mm,  L^  J  safi3  (pi.  (-jy li  amhU). 

To  commit  a  erime,   ^5^  /mn^f 

Jii\  ^mf^j\  irtakab  al  umm 


CBO 


(673) 


CEO 


Criminal,  mjSs:*  WM^rm^  ^  «!»>,  *^*»*i^ 

Criminally,  t^ye^  ^jJ  Iwxipwi^  mufrm. 
Criminalness,  Ua2>>  khatd. 
Crimination,  ^ICSi  shah&yat. 
Crimson,  crimosin,  k^j^y  hirmhl. 
Cripple,  ^je\  a^af  (pi.  ^J^j^  ^vtydn, 

Cripple,  V.  -r^  ^af. 
Crippleness,  — yC  ^arf, 
Criflia  (of  a  distemper),  ^|/<  hikrdn, 

^]j^^  (^^  y««^  <»^  hthrdn. 
Crisp  (ended),  (Ji^aCt  muka^wak;  (£ri- 

able),^;-*JcH  JjlS  itdW  o^^ator. 
Crisp,  V.  CJf^  Ita^ak;  (to  twist),  ^j 

hmram* 
Criterion,  ^ISJ  nukdn^  X^lfi  ^otdmaL 
Critic,  J.  u-^i^H*^  muffitfib. 
Criticism,  ^JX?  te^alr,  u-^^lj    tdM, 

Criticize  (judge  accurately),  Jji  J  dakkak, 
i^^^^^hahat;  (to  correct),  <-^jf  oiJia^; 
(to  comment  npon),  ^^  sharah;  (to 
censure),  ^0  wot,  j» j  tei»,  ^^  wabhakh. 

Croceous,  iJ^J^j  %alfardn. 

Crockery  (earthenware),  jUr^/a^^Afir. 

Crocodile,  8,  ^Lmaj  tm»dh. 

Groisade,  $.  (holy  war),  ol^  jahddf 
ijjtXs^  mujdhadatf  ,^J  ^-^  ^* 

Crook  (shepherd's  staff),   gjC^'  *^ 
Crook,  V.  ,<2»asr\  inhana\  JU  mfit 
Crook-backed,  ^J'J^  munhanl,  c-^J^\ 

Crooked,  ^y^  mu^awwaj,  jV^^  mii»- 

Crookedness,  .^^  ^moj. 

Crop,  I.  (of  com,  etc.),  J^/atlf  Jj 


ffuiAfA/.     The  crop  of  a  bird,  ^Ju^i 
haw$alat» 

Crop,  9.  «Xitf»-  AommL 

Cropped,  cropi;,  Jyaar^  maAtiU^. 

Crore,  a.  (ten  millions),  cil^UjJi/t  if^£ 
^oihrat  mdfyondt. 

Cross,  «.  u,.'>ji«^  foAi*  To  nail  on  a 
cross,  L^^Ju^  mI(I&.  Cross,  «.  (yeza- 
tion),  ^«XM3Jf  foM?!^,  U^^yo/'d. 

Cross  (adverse),  ujaSUr^  mukhdltf;  (per- 
verse), (^yH'^t^  maythUm^  (contradic- 
tory), ^j2\u^  mundkidy  i^ls^  mu' 
Jthdlif. 

Cross,  adv.j^  ^dbr.  And  she  mounted, 

and  tbeyjoonieyed  with  her,  eroflring  the  deserts 
and  wastes,  an4  the  plains  and  the  ragged  tracts, 

until  they  arrived  at  Palmyra,  '^-^jS 


Cross,  V,  (mark  with  a  cross), 
aaUah;  (to  cancel),  ,^«^  maAa';  (to 
pass  over),  j^fi-  ^hoTt  y  mar  \  (to 
counteract),  uJllfi>-  it^^d/,  ^^13  nd- 
kad ;  (to  obstruct),  d^  sad. 

Cross-examine,  v,  ^josffahM^  JjIj  hihci. 

Crossly  (athwart),^;-*  ^«^;  (oppositely), 

^jSjH^^  htl^ah,  \*i^  diddan. 
Crossness  (perverseness),  i^^j  raddwaU 
Cross-way,  »,  (a  place  where  cross-ways 

meet),  J^i^  mafirak,  9;^  ahdrt^. 

Cross  wind,  «.  uilli^  ^j  rih  mukhdltf, 
j^\^  hawd  didd.  [jili  kdk. 

Crow,  #.  (bird),  ^J  tdgh,  <— ^]yi  yAtrfl J, 

Crow,  r.  (as  a  cock),  ^li^  idh. 

Crowd,  «.  ^*«^  jam^  j^  j-^i^  /aw^ 
ibulr,  aI>^«3)^  wlthdm,  iU>J  tahmaL 

Crowd,  V.  >^>-]}7  tad^oifi. 
Crown,  »..r^  %»  Js^^  *^'*    Crowos 
richly  adorned  \fith  jeweb,  ^^j^  ^w 


CBU 


(574) 


cm 


i&j  muroisa^    A  orown  of  gloryi  ^b 

j\s^1\  taj  ul  ifiikhdr.  A  golden 
crown,  L^J^ J  ^\j  i&j  nakah. 

Crown,  V.  (a  king),  — y  iaunpqf,  JJLS 
*a^/ ;  (to  dignify),  j^l  ojfcr^vm ;  (to 
adorn),  ^J  wyyan;  (to  complete), 
A^  tammam ;  (to  reward),  ^t^  Jtfi/a*. 

Crowned,  ^^j:^  mutawwaf,  JlL«  m«- 
^/^/.  To  be  crowned,  ^  jxi  iatawtcaf. 

Crucifix,  s.  v,,,^jlrf»  gallh,  c^^Li^ nuulnh. 

Crucifixion,  k— Ju^  «a^3. 

Crucify,  v.  l^Ju^  «a2a^. 

Crucified,  <^^La^  madnh. 

Crude  (raw),  aIi>.  Mdm* 

Cruel,  JU9  sa/im,  ^5^^  >^^. 

Cruelness,  cruelty,  JJ^  2«^.     0  thou 

who  art  the  object  of  my  hope,  persist  not  in 
abandonment  and  craelty,  bnt  visit  a  lover 
drowned  in  love !  Think  not  that  I  can  sur- 
vive this  oppression ;  for  my  soul  will  leave 
me  after  my  separation  from  my  beloved! 

Cruet,  8.  (forrinegar,  eto.)i  ^J^  shuhah, 
Cruise,  s.  (at  sea),  ^ida!^  holta* 
Cruise,  v.  <ds!^  ^Ja^  ^amal  bolta. 
Crumb,  crumbs  of  bread,    Usrl  lz^\:j 

fitdt  al  kvht. 
Crumble,  v,  (break  into  small  pieces), 

\j:,'^fattat  \  (to  fall  into  small  pieces), 

Lii^CAj  tafattat. 
Crumbled,  iJLJfJi^  maftaL 
Crupper  (of  a  horse),  Jii^  kafah 
Crush,  V.  (bruise,  squeeze),  ^jsr*  sahai, 

^J  dakk,  Ji»-  hal. 
Crushed,  j^flff***^  mashuk. 
Crust,  jJ^  kishr,  ijmi  hUhraU 
Crust,  v.jL^  kashshar. 


Crusted,  j^LS^  makskar. 

Crutch,  9.  Sj^  ^kkdiot. 

Cry,  r.  (aloud),  -U  sah,  -U  ndk,     Jj 

halsi^,  Jj!j  Uhdwal;  (to  weep,  died 
tears),  ^J  damma^;  (to  prodaim), 
i^Jj  ndda\j^\  aahhar.  To  cry  down 
(defame),  ^^l  CJcJb  ^atoifc  al  ^iri; 
(to  prohibit),  ^^  mana^.     To  cry 


up  (applaud),  Jl«».  hamad.  And 
when  I  heard  his  words,  I  looked  at  him 
with  a  scrutinizing  eye,  and  recognized  him ; 
and  I  eried  out  to  hun  with  a  gieat  ory. 


beneath  the  earth. 


J;UX4tJac^ 


Cry,  <.  ^L^  &iyah\  (lamentation),  Uj 
hukSft^^faftwlhi  (weeping),  w^jj 
tadml^;  (a  squall),  Ilj!^  wolrndb^, 
L,^j'v^  naAi^.  The  ciy  of  a  pack  d 
dogs,  ^  iM^A.     I  approached  her; 

but  she  cried  oat  against  me  witb  a  great  ery, 
and  I  was  frighten eid  of  her,  and  was  aboot  to 
return,  when  behold,  a  man  came  forth  frm 

:^ 

^^ 

Crystal,  j^Lj  datlor. 

Crystal,  crystalline,  i^j^  laUoH. 

Cube,  B.  \^^$l^  ha^. 

Cubeb  (drug),  h\2  kubdiat.        [ib^M. 

Cubical,  cubic,  c^^JoU  muka^i^,  ^u£ 

Cubit,  8.  JkfL  «d^u^(pl.  j^l^  sawd^. 

Cuckold,  8.  ijM^J  dayifU8. 

Cucumber,  jL^  khiydr. 

Cue  (hint),  ij\JL\  Uhdra^,  ij\:i  kmdftd, 

(il£\%^ldm.    Cue  (taU),  i^o  Ami}. 
Cuff,  8.  (box),  iM  htmtst ;  (a  deere), 

A^  hmm  (pi.  i^U^i  oJbudm). 
Cuirass,  <.  XrOJ  tarad^at,  ^O  dKr^. 


CUB 


(575) 


CUB 


Cuirassier,  t.  c  tJ^^S  Idtis  dir^, 

CuU,  V.  1.^.^1  imtakhab,  j\s^\  tkhidr. 
Culler,  t.  i,,  ^^'^'.^  MiiiimA*^. 
Cully,  9.  ^^^MLf  yAoiA. 
Culpable^  l^«3^  mtisfid,  /^/sr*  mtyrun. 
GolpablenesB,  oulpabilitj,  Uas^  Uo^. 
Colpablj,  ^1^-^(3  J^  hikolnafMn,  ^^ 

A/si*  hiwafhin  rnufrim* 
CultiYate,  v.  (the  earth),  J^  fahh,  6;J 

%ara^  (^L>j^  haras ;  (to  meliorate  any- 

thing),  J"^  9aUah. 
Goltiyated,  9jjj^  nuurH^f  jy'^'^^  ^"^V 

Cultivation,  cnlture  (of  a  country),  ^jj 
%ird^,  A^li  faiiikatf  j^j^  ta^Vr ; 
(improvement  in  general),  \sjj\  irtikd, 
^y  iarakki,  ^y  tarhiyai. 

Cultivator,  #.  c^^U-  ^nw,  -.li/a/^A. 

Cammin,  ^;;^  iammOii. 

Canning,    crafty,  Xl*.»-  L,^^s>Xa   sdhtb 

hilatf  JS^  makkdr;  (intelligent),  JU 

^Umf  i.»-%iJ  /a5l3. 
Canning,  canningness  (artifice),  <du»» 

Cunningly,  ^lL^  JG  M^o/  Ai/o^,  Jil; 

Cup,  9.  -JJ  ita^M  (pi.  ^1  Jil  dkd&h). 

Cup,  V.  (bleed  with  the  cupping-glasses), 
^hqiam. 

Cup-bearer,  ^Li  bOM. 

m 

Cupola,  $.  <Uj  kubhat,  l3  kubhi. 
Cupper,  •.  (bleeder  by  capping-glasses), 
*8>»l>.  A4;Vffi.     A  cupping-glass,  ^^mI^ 

iULs^l  kd8  al  hajdmat. 


lidl  JjU  ito^7  ofAfib/l. 

CnrablenesB,  ^Ijl«!)  SAiM  habUiyat  ail 
mu^U^f  UuJ)  ^JS^\  mkdn  ashehafa. 

Curate,  # •  v^^  i^AOH. 

Curatcor,  «,  J^j  wakll. 

Curb,  9.  (a  horse),  ^^  Iqfam ;  (to  re- 
strain), Iw  <{06a<.  [«itffi^aii4^. 

Curdy,  curdled,  tX«kact«  munjamid,  «X&ix^ 

Cure,  «.  ,^1U  ^tZd;,  t^J  t^dtpS. 

Core,  1^.  i^^b  (lAtra',  ^U  ^laf.     To 


cure  with  salt,  J^  mailaA, 


*  i« 


Curiosity  (inquisitiveness),  ^josF^  tafah- 
hoB.  A  curiosity,  iks^  iuhfai,  ijO\j 
n&dirat* 

Carious  (inquisitive),  ^jJLsX^  mutafdi' 
its,  ^^»aLx*M,^  mtutaksl;  (elegant), 
i-i-j^  sort/;    (rare),  jjLj   nddir, 

Curl,  9.  if  Jat9*  ja^dat,  H^  halakaU 
Carl,   9.   (the  hair,   etc.)y    .«'*H  jJIU- 

ja^^ad  ashsha^,  il^ytS  ka^wak. 
Carrants    (Corinthian  grapes),  ^^ntm? 

Carrency  (of  money,  etc.),  — Ijj  rm^A;; 

Current,  v^l^r/arf,  ^\^  rdyy.  Cur- 
rent (common),  j|^fuiu«  ma«AAilr,  ^U 
^Sm,  i<«y*^  ^amaml.  To  be  cnirent, 

Current,  #.  (stream),  J^^  sayL 
Currently  (generally),   U^^c  ^mnUman, 
^y^\  ^j  ^Js,  ^M  wqfh  al^umUm, 

ii\^  i«U  ^dmaUan  kd/atan. 
Correntnees  (general   reception),   ^\^j 
rawdj. 

Currier,  <•  (leather  dresser;,  dlJj  ifoi- 

bdgh.    A  currier's  shop,  JlaIJj  ifai. 
bdgbak 


CTIS 


(676) 


CUT 


Carryi  v.  (leather),  ^J  dabagK    To 
oany  a  horse,  ^/m>-  Am,  Jh^  haahBhak. 
CurBe, «.  (maledictioD),  JLJ  la^nai. 
Garse,  v.  ^  20^011;  (to  afflict),  ^  ^Aom. 

Cursed  (detestable),  ^^^  b^in,  ^^«L« 
fna/^fi»(pL  ^^jt^^^U  mald^ln ;  (impions), 

(Jl*^J  wnilkf  tXsr^  imdhid*  May  he 
be  cursed,  may  the  curse  of  Ood  be 
upon  him,  ^uLc  m\  iiji  Ja^nai  dUah 
^Ihi  (speaking  of  the  deyil). 

Cursorily  (hastily),  \iSLj,^  iura^tan,  J^ 
ikC^  hikol  sur^at, 

Cursoriness,  Hsla  ghafiat. 

Cursory,  adj.  (hasty),  Jjb?^^'***^  mwia^; 
(careless),  fJi\ighdJU. 

Curtail,  y^  kaasar, 

Curtailed,^^.i<3:;i^  muktoiar. 

Curtain,  b,  S-^V^  hifdh^  ^*^ji  ^ddyih. 
The  keeper  of  the  curtains  (a  cham- 
berlain), ^^^^l^  h^fih, 

Curvated,  curve,  curred,  |A^t«  mun- 

hanly  Jt^tf  mdyU. 
Curvature,  curve,  J^^  tnayh   .  A  curved 

line,  ^V'f^V^  o»*  hhatt  munhanl. 

Curve,  r.  JU  wo/,  y^j"^-  hana\ 

Curvilinear,  ^xsx^  LaT  hi  hhatt  mun' 
hanl,  or  _xs^l  ks^\  Jlr«  mw/  0/  khatt 
al  munhanl. 

Cushion,  «•  s\m^  moinad  (pi.  JjImu« 
mofSnti^).  A  cushion  on  which  they 
pray,  * jIe*  stjfdde. 

Custody,  care,  Isa^  hif%,  L»\j>'  hirdtat ; 
(confinement),  ^/Mf>-  ^&#. 

Custom,  ^j  roBin  (pi.  ^^^  riMtim), 
ilj^li  kd^idatf  ^y\i  kdnUn,  ifjU 
gfi(^^.  Ancient  custom,  .«J[ji  wi 
roiw  kadim ;  (impost),  -.]^  iWarq;'; 
^j^  y««y«^.   A  custom-house,  di^ 


tumrtik.    As  soon  as  Kamar-ez-Zaman 

had  beooroe  Sultan  otw  them,  he  abolished 
the  CQBtom-taxee,  eet  at  Ubeiij  ti:ioae  who 
were  in  prison,  and  oondocted  hiin«<»lf  ia 
a  praiaeworihy  manner  towaida  the  people, 

i»  Jlm»»-  ij^  AfO  jLs^  •  Thus  I  con- 
tinued for  the  ipaoe  of  a  year,  after  vhidi  I 
came  one  day  in  the  desert,  acoordiiig  to  my 

custom,  and  I  wandered  about,  <j:.^>#Jt 
iLyJl  Juui  Is^  if<x«  JlJl  1 JJ^  ^^ 

Customable,  customary,  customed, 
rasmlf  t^^^t^  ma^hud,  uJjite  mdluf, 

Customably,  customarily,  olix^elt   _lx 

^ala*  al  mM^tdd,  [v:JS^J  uihun, 

Castomer,«.(purchaser),  f^jiJL»9mu9ktarij 
Cut,   p.   ^ki    ibto^;    (to   overpower), 

L,,,Jf  ghaiab.  To  cut  in  pieces, 
vJai  ^Joi  ^loi  ^to^  ib«^^  hita^.  To 

cut  off  (separate),  jy  /orai ;  (kill), 
Jci  katal]  (intercept),  (jij^\  %^ 
kata^  al  tarlk ;  (put  an  end  to),  ma3 

tammam ;  (interrupt  or  silence),  ^Li 
/A^\  kata^  al  kaldm;  (abbreviate), 
yitf^r^t  ikhtasar.  To  cut  out  (shape, 
form),  jyo  Batcwar ;  (contrive),  ^JcjI 
ibtada^,    P./^^    ti^A^o^;    (excel), 

{^^  jli  /di^  ^o/a'.  To  cut  up  (as  a 
••  • 

butcher),  fTJ  zdbah ;  (to  overcome  in 

argument),  ^^Jby  harhan,  Tocutaoroas, 

Lj  katt.    To  cut  (carve  or  engrave), 

^JliMj  fuikoBh;  (circumcise),  ^^:Lav  khaUm, 

And  I  said,  By  God,  I  know  nothing  hot 
what  I  told  thee !  Gird  thyself,  then,  said  he, 
and  take  an  axe  and  a  rope,  and  cut  firewood 
in  the  desert,  and  so  obtain  Uiy  snhsigtenoe. 


DAU 


(577) 


DAB 


Cnt,  past  pari,  ^ax^  munkaii^,  t^^^^ 
maJtiil^;  (wounded,  mangled),  r^/^ 
mqfmh.  [(fashion),  JiL&  ihiH. 

Chit   (piece,  part),   JuLS   hit^aL     Cat 

Catlass,  «.  L,tt.>>j  My/. 


Cutler,  «.  _:i^ULi  M^iHnl.     A  sword- 
cutler,  uJu.«  9ayydf, 
Catter,  «•  ^U  fes^i^. 

Cat-throat,  «.  j;j^l  ^^  l&ti^aUaf^h. 

Cycle,  i.  (periodical  space  of  time),  jj  J 

dawr  (pi*  jI^^I  adwdr).     The  cycle  of 
the  sun,  ^y^^l  |^\;j(i>  dawrdn  ash- 
ahami.    The  cycle  of  the  moon,  ^^j^(> 
^^^t  dtfi^ordn  dl  kamar. 
Cypress  (tree),  ij^  tarwai. 


D. 


Dagger,  «.  ^^isL  ihanjar. 

Daily,    o^^'.   L<«y    ifaumi,   adv.     Uy 

Daintiness  (dislike),  g^  karah.     [nafU. 

Dainty   (delicate),  u.gjVil  /a^,  ^/u^ 

Dainty,  «.  (^U3  nafdyU. 

Dale,  f .  4/^1^  irdit. 

Dalliance,  ^jL^kj;  (procrastination)y^lj 
idkhiff  u-uy  tawakkuf. 

Dally,  V.  (fondle),  ^J-L^  maUdk;  (to 
delay),  j^  ^at^iroit. 

Dam  (mother),  A  umm,  ifjJt^  iffdlidat; 
(a  mole  to  confine  water),  Jui  «a^. 

Dam,  V,  Ju  «(mU. 

Damage  (detriment),  S;La£L  khisdrat, 
jjj  darar,  ij^a^  mudarrat ;  (retribu- 
tion,   fine,    reparation   of   damage), 


iftjUr*  mtj^VZsd^,    ilLiUU   mukdfdt; 

jjJ^  u^y^  ta^uHd  addarar. 
Damage,  v.  jMiS>^  ikauarf  j^  dorr;  (to 

receive  damage),  j«dj\  andar* 
Damageable,*^!  ^jL^^  mumkm  addarar. 

Damascene,  9.  (damson,  damasc  plnm), 

^jo\p^\  qfds  or  (jwl>-1.  [^ahdm. 

Damascus,  ^JJL^J  Damiihk,  iftUJI  a»h' 

Damask  (silk),  l^  kamkhd. 

Dame  (lady),  ^y^  khdiUn,  if Ju^  «ay- 

dat,  (^j)l  ^^,  t«l  jt«  md(2dmd,  ij^ai**^ 

ainJora. 
Damn,  v.  ^jsi  la^n. 
Damnation^  ^:ji!  la^nat. 
Damned,  ^^^  mal^Hn,  ^^^^^^  jahan- 

naml.    The  damned,   ^,^  ijjbl  ahl 

jahannam. 
Damp  (moist),  c^^^  ro^ti^,  ^^|;  rd^ti. 
Damp,  «.   (vapour),  j^a^  hukhdr   (pi. 

Damp,  r.  (moisten),  u.-^  rattah,  JL 
Dampishness,  dampness,  fjljJ  naddwat, 

^ jL^  rutulatm 
Damsel,  u:^  ^»n^  (pi.  c:j\:j  ^and^). 
Dance,  e.  ^joSj  rahs. 
Dance,  9,  ^jo5j  rakas. 

Dancer,  i.  ^j^j  rakkds,  [raks. 

Dancing-master,  a,  ^joij  Jla^  ma^Uam 

Dancing-school,  «•  yj^]^  ^^  ^Jicr^. 

Dandelion  (herb),  ^-'!y«!i  J»>-j. 

Danger,^^lia£wib^^ar,  lJo\s^  mukhdtarat. 

Dangerous,^^kc^  mukhtir,jAi:>^  khaitr. 
A  dangerous  affair,^^kfiL^l  amr  khuter. 

Dangerous  places,  (^lf«  mahdlik. 
Dangerously,  ^^ia^  JG  hikol  khatar. 

Dare,  V.  (hare  courage),  ^laT  tajdsar; 

(to  defy),   ^IjuJJ  ^Jo-l  iitad^a* 


lUmlddn. 


87 


DAT 


(678) 


DAT 


Daring,  dexetnlf  jy**^  jtuur. 

Daringly,  ijL*flj-  Jij  UkoljoiaraU 

Daringne«8,  i^\^jaraat,  isXsf^  Bhaja^at. 

Dark  (not  light),  Jia^  mi«/»m,  j^ife 
talam ;  (not  perepicuouB),  iJiJ^  mush- 
tahah;  (ignorant),  JibU-  jdhtl.  A 
dark  night,  ^^Jla^ilL)  /by&i^  miiss/ma^ 

Dark,  v.  darken  (make  dark),  J^\  nndam^ 

Darkly  (without  light),  <UijiH  ^  ^* 
al^tma  ;    (blindly),  'LmII  ^  ^a' 

Darkness,  ^Ji?  stdmat,  a^  taldm.    And 

when  I  heard  her  words  and  his  words,  and 
witnessed  what  passed  between  them,  the 
world    became    oarkness   before   my   face ! 


c;u^ 


L5«*r> 


Darling,  imJ^fS^  maWtilb,  ^^ylujt^  ma^ 
«^uA;  (fem.  <Vjr^^  mahbuhat,  ^^J^x^ 
ma^shnkat). 

Dart,  «.  ij^  harbatf  (j^jj^  mivasrai. 

Darter,  *.  ^^j  rami,  Ju3  nabhal. 

Dash,  i;.  (together),  a  jl^  tasadam.  To 
dash  (as  the  waves),  >^y^  tamawwqf, 
^))j  taldtam. 

Dash,  tf.  (collision),  ^jLx/*  mtMd(2^ma^; 
(a  line  in  writing),  kf^  ^Aa^^«  A 
straight  dash,  ^^ ^  la^^  ^Aa^^  mtM- 

^ilfm,  LSj^f^  ^^^  ^^^^  mutawdnl. 
A  curved  or  circular  dashf^tXru*^  la£>^ 
hhatt  muatadir,  ^^^-^sx^ !«;-  ^^'^  *»«»- 
^nt.  The  dashing  of  the  waves,  -^^ 
tamawwijj  ^^^^^  (i'^  talatum  almawaj. 
Date  (account  of  time),  ^j\j  tarikh 
(pi.  -pC;^y  toec^flrUA) ;  (duration),  /X3 
kiydm,  aIjJ  dawdm,  JijAS^A  Utimrdr; 


(end),  iJlfi  ^diihat ;  (the  fruit  of  the 

palm  tree),y4J  tamr. 
Date,  V.  fCj^^  t^J  irofo^  o^arfW. 
DeLtedL^^jytmuwarrakh,  \jijsgriakriran. 

Daughter,  9.  l:;^  hint  (pL  CL^Uf  ftonfiO- 
A  daughter-in-law  (son's  wife),  is 
ibftna^.  A  king's  daughter,  kz^ 
{jJLii\  bint  (d  nuUik.  A  marriagcaHe 
daughter,  Sji\)  (j:^  hint  balighai. 

Dawn  (aurora),  ^  /fl/ir,  ^  suhh; 
(the  beginning  of  anything),  ^Ji:^ 
f^<«V?a.  To  rise  or  do  anything  at 
dawn,yL  bakkar. 

Dawn,  Vm  ^'O  sabbah,  ,^^\  ashak. 

Day,  A^  yati7»t  (pi.  f^^A  ayydm),  J^ 
nahdr.  Kight  and  day,  j\^^  JJ  ii/ 
wanhdr.  By  night  and  day,  \j^j  IJ 
ftlan  foankdran.  One  day,  on  a  certain 
day,  aWI  ^;^  ttji  yauman  mm  «/ 
ayydtn,  L«v  yatoman.  A  festival  day, 
43u£  z*^  yaiom  ^f <f.  Sunday,  S^^t\  ^^ 
yawm  al  ahhad.  Monday,  ^^^f^i  /••i 
yavm  al  amln.  Tuesday,  Ul3^  j»^ 
yaci;m  assaldsd.  "Wednesday,  \Mji\  a^ 
yawmalarba^.  Thursday, 
yawm  al  khamU*  Priday, 
yatom  ajjum^a.  Saturday,  \j:.^*^m  a^ 
yawm  assabt.  The  day  of  judgment, 
^LaSI  Ayi  yawm  al  kiydmat.     Good 

day !  (a  salutation),  j;^^  rW  '^^ 
al  khyr;  (answer),  —^\  r-W^  f° 
sabdh  al  khyr.  Every  day,  /^^J^  hi 
yawm.  To-day,  ajJI  aiyawm,  ^yAWxi 
ha%d  al  yawm. 
Day-break,  ,^  subh.  [mat  al  nthk. 

Day  or  morning*  star,  <.  .^o^all 
Day-time,  ^lf3  nahdr* 


mj' 


SEA 


(579) 


DEA 


Dazzle  or  daze,  'o.ja^j^jalMr  tS,  hatar. 

Deacon,  «.  yJXj^  $hammdt. 

Dead  (deprived  of  life),  ^y^  mutawafft, 
(ji-wt  mayyei;  (manimate),  «Vtl>- 
fimidj  ^^mk>'  h  hUd  hm ;  (motioiilefls), 
^j^^  hUd  harakat;  (langaid),  >-U 
^djh ;  (frigid),  ^|^\  Jj\j  haridalmik&j. 

A  dead  market,  jL*^  ktudd.  Pretend- 
ing to  be  dead,  dJ^^Uj  tamdwtU,  J^^^c 
Ls  ^^  4Sl^>  ^amai  hdlaho  mayyei.  The 
dead  (dead  men),  iJL>\y\  amw&t,  cl^^ 
al  mawta\  Dead  or  stagnant  water, 
<X«l>-'L«  fnqf&mid.  In  the  dead  of 
winter,  \s>m>\\ ]a^^ i^fl wuat athshitd. 
In  the  dead  of  night,  JJJt  l^Jai  _j 

ft  natf  al  layl. 
Deadly,  adf.  cL<lf^  mMih,  JjU  i^67, 

c:.^»i>4»^  muml^,  Cilf*  ^  ^yj  ^'  iMU'^tn 

mtMih 
Deadly,  adv*  IjU  kdtdan;  (implacably), 

i^\jA  Jij  hikd  ^adawat. 
DeadnesB    (frigidity),    if  Jj^    hwradat ; 

(want  of  ardour),  ^-.^^a^'  ^Se.  ^adam 

hamiyat ;  (weakness),^^^  ^A/'as*  t^Jjcc 

Deadness  of  trade,  jLm^  ka»dd. 

Deely  ^Je>\  atrash,  j^^\  asamm.    To  be 

or  beoome  deaf,  l/»Jo  taruh*  To  pre- 
tend to  be  deaf,  '^jlk7  iatdrash^  Jm«x 
iji^t  4iJl>.  ^mal  hdlaho  atriMh* 

Deafen,  v.  ^Jo  iarraah. 
Deafish,  l^»Jo\  atrash. 

Deafly,  ^i^J^,  ^*  tarashin. 

Deafness,  t/^J^  tarashp  iJ^Jb  tarshat 
Feigned  deafness,  ^^^Uai^  mutatdrish, 
iiU^  ^^  (J^U  ^dmil  hdlaho  atrash. 

Deal  (fir-tree),  ^y^  tanohar.  Deal 
(quantity),  jJj  kadar^  ^Uo  Aomm^a^. 


A  great  deal,  j^  jSi   kadar  koAr, 
^4>jlar.  LJt^  kammiffot  ^Imat. 

Deal,  V.  (to  distribute),  ^jaa>^  haasaa^ 

*»  -» 

>amJ  hu$am,  ^  J^  tpassxa^;  (to  traffic), 

jj-ljf  ^4/<^r.  To  deal  by  or  with  (to 
treat  well),  cJtS  ta^^/,  (JT;^ J  ^r«', 
Li^b  ^^t^'  ^^  *™®^  ^'^  contend  with, 
AN^lfi^  khdsam.  To  deal  in  (practice 
or  be  engaged  in  anything),  J^^x  ^oma^. 
Dealer,  «.   (trader),  yj^jj^,    hdiargdn, 

^s^ljf  <^'tir  (pi.  j\sf*  tujjdr) ;  (one  that 
has  to  do  with  anything),  ^U  ^mU. 
A  dealer  at  cards,  c,  '^•IH  ^^  ^li 

hdiim  warak  al  li^,  \i/^  mufarrik. 

Dealing  (trade),  ^W*  tijdrat;  (busi- 
ness), J^4x  ^a»ui/.  Plain  dealing, 
^Ijwtf  taddkat.  Doable  dealing,  bj 
r»ya. 

Dear  (precious),.  JJ^  ^as!s,  ^Jli  ^^dft, 

4^«mS  ^ J  stl  i^ma^ ;  (beloved),  (mmfy*ir^ 
mahbab,  J^^jl^  in0^«AiZ^. 
Dearly  (at  a  high  price)^  ^li  ^j^  hi 

soman  ghdh ;  (fondly),,  ^jmwm^  J^  hikol 
^hk, 
Deamess  (fondness),  Jh^  ^hk,  <Usr^ 
muhabhaL  [wat. 

Deamess,  dearth  (scarcity),  i^ix,  ghald- 
Death,  Slij  wafdty  tZJy  matot.  To  be 
worthy  of  death,  JsJi\  i^-^^^\j  icdj'th 
al  katl.  The  place  (or  cause)  of  death, 
(Js^Lt  tnaktal  (pi.  JjIL«  makdtil). 
Predestined  death,  J^^\  J^SI  aldj'al 
al  maw^d.  Inheritance  in  conse- 
quence of  death,  ^Lj.  To  cause  deathf 

J:J  kataL   To  condemn  to  death,  Jl>- 
Ji^b  hakam  h\l  katl.     After  deaths 

ci^^t  i^ju  5a^(^  al  mawL   The  fear  of 

Qod  Ib  the  principle  of  every  important  thing: 
it  la  the  true  path,  and  a  mm  pillar.    Deat^ 


DEB 


(580) 


DEC 


IB  an  incontestable  tmth,  and  a  promiae  which 
never  fails.    Do  not  be  careless  then,  0  man ! 

J^i\  VJ  JiAJHi  ^\  0^;y  IJ--1' 

Griere  not  on  account  of  the  calamities  of  the 
time,  since  every  affliction  will  have  its  end. 
Be  whose  death  is  doomed  to  take  place  in  a 
certain  land  wiU  not  die  in  another.  Send 
not  thy  messenger  on  any  important  oommis* 
sion,  for  no  person  has  a  more  fiuthfiil  friend 

than  himaelf,  ^UJl  ij^VJ  ^Ja^^j 


\lb\ya  2je^\j  ^jtJc^ 

Debar,  v.  mj>-  ho/ram^  Jl^  ioM^  J;  rod. 

Debarred,  4>^«Xu^  maadud,  ^^jS^  ff^h- 
rum^  c  yjk^  mamnU^  *^y^y  fnardud. 

Debase,  v.jA^  hdkar.  Debased,  (*y^ 
mazmUm^^^^  muhaJskar,  JtVs  tntauiL 

Debate,  SArl:^  mundzarat,  it^^\0^  mu- 
hahasatf  ^jl:^  mundza^t,  LL^^bahi, 
ZJjLs^  mtifddalaL 

Debate,  v.  (dispute),  C^^  hahas;  (to  de- 
liberate), ijyJj*^  i^AX.  ^malmashwarat. 

Debauch,  i;.  (corrupt),  JumjI  afsad.  To 
debauch  a  woman,  {jOjf^\  <^v"0>  hatak 
a\urd.  [teat 

Debauch,  «.  cJl^l  inhimdl,  ii^  shah- 

Debauchee,  9,j>-\i  fdjir,  Jn-ali  fdsik, 
^\j  zdnl,  {^JU^  munhamik. 

Debaucher,  J«d^  mudU. 

Debaucbery,  ij^  ihdhwat. 

Debilitate,  v.  <*-i*i  da^^f. 

i)ebilitated,  Uum  da^tf. 

Debility,  \.Jjua  da^f  or  du^. 

Debonair,  v— ijVil  Utlf, 

Debt,  ^J>J  hard,  ^jJ J  dayn  (pi.  ^^jjJ 
^•"•<i7t),     Inyolved  in  debt,    jjj^»X^ 


madywu  fAsrrj  me  to  thy  daoghter,  and 
break  thy  eamehan  idol.  If  thoa  do  so,  thy 
dne  shall  he  the  same  as  our  dae,  and  thy  d^ 


UU  C^  ^^l^  tii3  J  cU*i  ^li  J-SiJl 

Debtor,  #•  ^^»X^  maiy^n  (fem.  £j£Jm 
fnady^fuU), 

Decade,  <.  ijtt^  ^asharai. 

Decalogue,  s.  crjUl^  iju^\  al  ^hrat 
kalimdt,  <dll  bU^  waadjfd  aUak. 

Decamp,  v.  J^j  rahal. 

Decampment,  dJL>-;  rMai* 

Decay,  Jl^J  zawdl;  (fisJl  from  a  pros- 
perous state),  )ff^  9ukaL 

Decay,  v.  iajLt  sakat. 

Deceit,  deceitfulness,   {Jjx.  $hUh^  ^ 

mahTf  jJlc  ffhadr.    And  if  I  £ul  to 


attained  the  age  of  ninety  years.    How,  tiien, 
should  I  fidl  of  uniting  two  peraona  in  sin  f 

Jj^  ^^  ^ju^J  Uiri  5-Mrl  fi  J} 
j^^\  |J  t,£;Ac  ti-jJai  J>iU\j  iojli 

Deceitfal,^\Ai^^^Ad«A,j\L«miiib^r. 
DeceitMly,  jiXAi  ^»  ghadriny  ^Ju».  (J^ 

Deceive,   v,  jds,  ghadar,  (jj*i  ^^A; 

(to  cause  to  err),  ^^^  ghawa\  J*^  ilo/. 

To  deceive  the  eyes  (as  a  juggler,  etc.), 

jsr'  €ahar.  [ikdsh. 

Deceiver,  8,  S^  mdkir,  ^^LLc  gJuuhr 

December,  JJH^  (Jt^  ^  hdnUn  d  twwal. 

Decency,   ^LJ   hydhat^   4^j1  ai^oiv 

Decent,  JjS  %tX,  ^.^  |^  w<If W,  i--.^l:^ 
mundiibf  ^ji\y  miuwdfiJu 


DEC 


(581) 


DEC 


Decently,  c^j\  J^  biM  adab,   L.»L« 

mundnban. 
DeceptibiKty,j  JJiSl  J^\  iml&naighadr. 

Deceptible,  (jaJcj  ywnghMh. 
Deception,  ^^  wahm,  Jl^^  khay&h 
Decide,  v.  Jl>-  hahm.     To  decide  a 
lawBuit,  ifjUlf  ^^29  kafa^  al  madat, 

Decided,    9}^^^  maktu^ 

Decider,  s,  MS\>-'h&]tm,  ^li  tati^. 

Decimal,!^  LuLc^MAdrf,  ^jJSjju  ia^shM. 
Decimate,  r.^i^c  ^hshar. 
Decimation,  ^^aLc  ^ihoTf  jJUju  ta^hJr. 
Decipher,  9.  (explain  cipher8),^;MJ/iM<ir, 

(^iji\  dio  fak  al  arkdm. 
Decision,  $,  J^  foal,  S^  huhn,  l^ 

kaddy  '^i^  huj^at. 
Decisive,  ^li  kdti^,  ^^  ihdfl* 
Decisiyeness,  ^\j  u^^  wasfkdti^ 
Deck  (of  a  sbip),   isuLa  sakifat,  j^ 

K^^yi^  ddhr  al  marhdb. 
Declaim,  r.  t^^iaJb  hataf,  k^^^-  hhatah. 

Declaimer,  ^.dedamator,  ^^^^^U'^-  hhatib. 
Declamation,  a!^\  Jlc  ^ilm  al  kaldm, 

c->U3^i  j^  ^m  al  mm. 

Declaration,  f.jlfL&l  i»htihdr,f^^\  i^n, 

^Ls  hay&ny  ^jJ^  Bharh^j^  ta^ir, 

j^mJj  tafiir.  {horror  > 

Declare,  v.  j^  ashhar;   (affirm),  j^ 

Declension  (of  nouns),  uJ^  toff,  f^^jtoj 
U^fllt  tatrif  ul  utnd» 

Declinable,  i^ju£>^  mutasarrif. 
Declination  (descent),  L^  hubat,  JjJJ 

nmal;  (bending),  ^}^  mayl,  uJ|^flsri 
mkirdf. 
Decline,  v.  (bend  or  lean  downward), 
JU  mdl'f  (to  shun),  CyV>,v>"!  yianab, 


jj:^  ihtaraz.  To  decline  (a  noun), 
t^y^  aarraf;  (to  decay),  Jlj  %&L 

Decline  (diminution),  Jljj  %awdl. 

Dediyity,  a.  ^^0^  hadHr.  A  slippery 
declivity  (down  which  boys  slide), 
JLjjls^j  taUoJud.  [munaah. 

Dedivons  (sloping),  Jj  U  mdyl,  (^'^.nv^ 

Decorate,  r.  ^J  %ayyan. 

Decorated,  ^J^  mmayyon.    There  he 

saw  a  great  hall,  and  four  large  and  lofty 
chambers,  each  one  firontin?  another,  wide, 
decorated  with  gold  and  BilTer,  and  yariouB 

colours,  i^Ur*  ^jlj  i^  i^  4^y 

^yjl  iiki^  laj^\y     They  opened 

one  of  those  doeeto,  and  found  it  filled  with 
arms  decorated  wil^  varieties  of  gold,  silver, 

and  jewels,  Uj  Ss>r^  £]j^  If^  \^j<ui 

Decoration,  deoorement,  ^J  fXfiat 

Decorticate,  r.  (peel),^;ii  haahahar. 
Deoorum,4Mili^mu»d«a&a^,  £L1  laydkat 
Decoy,  «.  L^'d^  janh,  iii^jatbat  (pi. 

Decoy,  v»  i^3>^jasuib.  [Jli  ial^7. 
Decrease,  r.  (make. lees),  ^^^  nakkaa^ 
Decrease,  ^/^J^  tankla.    The  decrease 

of  a  river,  rain,  eto.,j^jasr. 
Decree,  <•  jS-^  hukm  (pi.  >»l^l  aA^m), 

^^  omr  (pi.  j^\j^  atodmir,  LaS  jb<te, 

jfi^^  haim,  <UmJ  hiamatfji^  tdkdHr. 

The  decrees  of  God,  iUl\  LiJ  i^(M^  aJ2aA. 

A  judicial  decree,  c^l  a^  At^^m 

a«A«Aar^. 
Decree,  v.  jL^  hakam* 
Decreed,  jf^U  mdmHrj  j JlL«  mukaddar. 
Decrepit,  c^Qju.^  e^^i/.     A  decrepit  old 


man,  jlo^l  Jb»^  rij/aZ  dkktiyar*    A 
decrepit  old  womani  i[j|yB^  ^o/Asa^. 


DEE 


(582) 


DEF 


Decrepitude,  Jjs*  ^ajaz. 

Decretal,    ^^^'•ss^   hatml.      A  decretal 

(book  of  decreee),  ft\^i\  c-;l:;^  kitdb 

ul  ahkdm. 
Decry,  v.  ^^^  ^V^^f  (^^  zamm* 
Decuple  (tenfold),  uJIm^  ijJls.  ^ha- 

rat  ad^f.  [onhdihi. 

DeGurion,«.  (serjeant  or  corporal),_^lJjl 
Dedicate,  v,  (consecrate),  ^jao^  ihasMs, 

i^ju^  wakaf,  lJ>^\  ahda\    Dedicated, 

^Jkf«   fnuhda\    {jm^^sl^    mukaddas, 

uJy  %^  mawkaf. 
Dedication,  ^^^JkAJi  takdls,  u^j  wakf; 

(of  a  book),  (-jI;^  t  JUbl  ihdd  kitdb. 

Dedications  (of  temples),  iZj\mjJ>j 

takrUQt, 
Deduce,  «•  ,J^a^\  tstaniqf,  ^1  antqf. 

Dedncement,    deduction  (consequence), 
Xssnp  fuUljat,  [kauam. 

Deduct,  V.  ^jb  tarah,  kLal  oikat,  |»«^S- 
Deed,  «•  (action),  J««x  ^ama/,  Jju  yf^j 
(pi.  JUit  o/*^/);  (written  evidence 
of  a  legal  act),  JJ^  satuid,  dl^.!^ 
tamassuk;  (reality),  <££gigfc>  haklkatj 
iJ»x^   ma^na*.      Words  and   deeds, 

Jju^  Jy  ^^^  ^^  ^t^*     Illustrioas 

deeds,  i?Ju«««>-  J^l  o/'^o/  Aamf(fal 
Deem,  v.^^J^t  tftakar,  .J^  zan, 

hoMob, 
^^^P'   (i^*^    ^0mi^;    (gloomy),   a:u^ 

mt^^^m,  fty^Ji^maghm'SLm\  (not  obvious), 

^jo^Ks.  ghdmidf  f^Jf^  muffUak,  J^LuL* 
mushkal,  <UJu^meMA^aA;  (sagacious), 
AmsUj  v_-'^^-^  idktb  fardsat. 
Deep  (the  ocean),  $,  k^sr^f^^  iaAr 

Ml 

Deepen,   v.   J^^x   ^ammak;    (to  make 
gloomy  or  sad),  ^  ^Aam. 


Deeply,     U^^i^fi  ^amtiofi;    (with  great 

study  or  sagacity),  M^Vrr  JUcJ«b  bi 

ithtighdl  ^oslm. 
Deepness,  JUx  ^tmiib.     See  Depth. 
Deer,  Jhi  ghazdl,  j^j  rim. 

Deface,  17.  (spoil)  disfigvure),  ^Tir^  ikarsh, 

cJJ  IMHSa^,  Jiafi  ^O^^  (JmCc  ^4ubM; 

(to  erase),  ic^^r^  wtfAa'. 
Defacement,  ^^^jpT toi&^3« 
Defamation,   \j:j\   iftirdf  f\^\    Mam, 

ii,0SJb  hatikaL 

mm 

Defamatory,  ^^^^  wnufdik. 

DefEuner,  n.  i^J^  muftar^f  ^^/addak. 

Defame,  v.    ^  fadah^   iL^zJb   kakk^ 

i/^  fadddh. 
Default,  Uaski.  khatd^jyai  kutikr,  j^^ 

tahlr,  Vi.^  J  zanb]  (defect),  ^joSij  nak$. 
Defeasance  (annulling),  JUaf  1  ibtdl,^s^ 

moAft. 
Defeasible,  JUajSIt  ^jLk^mumkinaiibidl, 

Defeat,  «•  |*|j^^  inhwdm,  j^J^  katr* 

Defeat,  v.  |*JJb  hataumfjM^  kaumr;  (to 

frustrate),  mj>^  haram,  ^^"v.  khay^ab. 
Defeated,  y*jf^  mtmAastVn,  ^j^J^  «mA- 

zum.    To  be  defeated,  Af^\  fnAasam, 

Defect  (deficiency),  ^joaj  naks,  ^l-^ 
na^dn;  (fault),  u,.^jr.  ^^t3,  Uli 
ghalai,  ^  eako,.      Without  defect, 

Defection  (apostacy),  j\Sij\  irtiddd, 
fj^\j^^  inkdr  dl  lmdn\  (revolt). 

Defective,  4^l3  naM,  S-'^^iH^  ma^ynh. 

Defence   (protection),   f^U^-   Aimdya/, 

X^lSj  wtkdyai,  ^\^  siifdmU;  (apology), 

jjx,  ^mr;  (prohibition),  ^:i^  man^; 


DEF 


(583) 


DEG 


(resistance),  X.^\a^  mu^dradat,  L$j\a^ 
muhdwamat. 
Defend,  v,  ly^  hdma*;  (to  fortify), 

^j'A'~>-  has9an\  (to  prohibit),  ^»^ 
mana^.  To  defend  oneself,  ^JS.  t<«^ 
iU*A3  hdvM^  ^an  nafio.  To  defend  a 
caase  (legally),  Juu^b  ^\j  rdfa^ 
hil  ihari^ai. 
Defendant,  »•  (in  a  lawsnit  or  criminal 
prosecution),   4uLe  ^tf-fiX«  miMa^ 

Defender,  #•  (of  another),  ^^^  Adml, 
loils^  mtiAd/Ss,  Ol  Jl«  muddfi^  J^U^ 
mundjtd.     The  defender  of  the  faith, 

De&nded,  b^ur^  mo^fls,  ^jjS^  moA- 

riU,  i5'«'^^  mtiAmi. 
Defensible,  ^^4kfiCUytfii^int.       [mvAml. 
Defensive   (affording  defence),   ly*"^^ 
Defensire,  «•  iUil Jl^I  Jl^  hdl  ul  mudd- 

Defensively,    £61 J^  muddfa^atan. 

Defer,  r.  ijf^t  0m^. 

Deference  (respect),  jUilaI  %^tibdrtj\p^\ 
%mtiyd%j  4J3>-)L«  muldhamt;  (com- 
plaisance), ^lU  mii^^a^. 

Defiance  (to  fight,  etc.)i  ^j^  u^JJ? 

to2(i3  lilharh. 
Deficiency,  jyai  ku8Hr,  ^Uu}  nukidn. 
Deficient,  ^jai\j  ndki9,j>-[£,  ^a;Vs. 
Defier,  «.  (contemner),  ^;-^  muAln. 
Defile,  9.  (contaminate),  ^^  J  danntu^ 

Defile,  t«  (narrow  passage),  aSjJ  zania, 

Defilement,  iLU  J  dandsai. 

Define,  r.  (circamscribe  or  mark  the 
limits),  Jbj>'  joMam,  J^  fasal,  ^Li 
Aato^.      To   define  and    mark   the 


boundaries,  JA»-  haddad;  (to  explain 

a  thing  by  its  qualities),  u^^  wataf. 

Definable,  (^.iiycSi  ^*/*^^^  mumkin  alUh 

Defined  (limited),  JjiXsf*  mahdud,  c  ybLt 
maktu^;  (explained),  t^yey  maW' 
iUf'f  (appointed),  y^^fj^  mafrnd. 

Definite  (certain),  ^\j  kdti^,  (J^^^ 
muhahkak.  Bestricted  to  a  definite 
time,  \j:^y  mutoakkat, 

Definiteness,  ^^  fft^n,  (j^Aa^  tahklk. 

Definition,  uAipj  wasf,  ^mMyu  ta^f, 
Definitiye,   ^jii   hU^y  ^Ll   9hdfi, 
^IS  kdti^  J^  Jksr*  makdid.    To  give 

adefinitive  answer,  ^^  ^^^T  ^J^ 

a^  jawdh  ihdfl. 
Definitively,   Uki  katum* 
Deflection.     See  Deviation. 
Deflower,  v.  (vulg.  cs-^  ^fatah  hint), 

5j\L^\  Jljt  ioULl  td  hakdrat. 
Defluxion,  J^^  itusfl/,  aI^  %ikdm. 

Deform,  v.  ^JL  ihanna^  ^^Sa  ^ka$. 

Deformed,  ,^ui  kablh,   ^jVA  shanty* 

Deformed  in  countenance,  Ja:^\  ^jS 
karih  fd  man%ar, 
Deformedly,  g,j;.A^cyj  htnaw^shani^ 

Deformedness,    deformityi    ,^vJ    kabh, 

Defraud,  v.  ylux>  ghashf  jdx>  ghadar. 
Defray,  v.  (pay  the  expense),  ^j^^  M^ 

dafa^al khofy,  uJj^^-a^ll  wij  dafa^al 
nuurnf. 
Defunct,  ^^j^  marhULm.  \hiiLm. 

^Defunct  (person  deceased),  (^^y  fnar- 

Defy,  V.  (to  battle),  ^1  JuJJ  c^  talab 
Ul  mlddn;    (to  afiBcont),  aJlc  4^r/:it 

Degenerate,  J^2I\  Jy^i*  maftikd  ul  <uL 


DEL 


(584) 


DEL 


Degpeneratei  v.  i^J^sSA  Mtalaf;  (grow 
wild  as  plants),  (jl^y  tawahhash. 

Degradation,  Jjc  ^as/. 

Degrade,  v.  Jjc  ^azal. 

Degraded,  J^j*^  ma^uL 

Degree  (quality,  rank,  station),  ^jJ 
darqfat,  ^J:^  mantalat,  <U7^  rithaL  A 
liigh  degree  of  dignity,  XJx  Ljj  ndbat 
^Uyat,  Degree  (order  of  lineage), 
c-^mm3  noBoh  (pi.  (^LjI  ansdh).  The 
ascending  and  descending  degrees  of 
kindred,  cj  J  ^  J^^  ^'^^  ^^  /uru^. 
Degree  (proportion),  i^\:^muniUabaU 
An  astronomical  degree,  ^jJ  darafat, 

Deject,  i7.  (make  sad),  ^y>-  Aaaan,  mc. 
Dejected,  (^^^^  maghmam. 
Dejectedly,  ii-c  JSj  hiJcol  gham. 

Dejectedness,  dejection  (lowness  of 
spirits),  \iiya  9awdd,  ax  gham. 

DeigD,  t;.  (condescend),  JjUj  tand%al. 
Deism,  ti— ^ji^?  toat^t^. 

Deist,  i^yoc^  mutasauHpif. 

Deity,  «.  ^Dl  0AM,  ^1  aSaA.     There  is 


iThygoTernment: 
favoiin  upon  him  whom  Thou  hast  chosen 

amoDg  thy  servants,  L«  ur^i  !ll  <)J1 31 


Delay,   LMy   tawakkuf,   tj\y  tawdni, 

-^Ijf  takhlr. 
Delay,  r.  ^^\  akhwr^  Jf^l  ninAa?.     To 

ask  a  delay,  ^Ifn  v^JJ^  ^a/ii3  mahlat^ 

Jf^AMil  utamhal.    And  the  Ehaleefeh 

was  exoesiiyely  enra^.  Giant  me,  said 
Jaafar,  a  delay  of  three  days.  I  erant  thee 
the  delay,  replied  the  Ehaleefeh.   Jaafor  then 


went  fbrth  from  his  presenoey  and  took  his 
ronte  through  the  city,  sorrowliil,  and  ssyiiig 
within  himself^  How  shall  I  diacorer  him  who 
killed  this  danisel,  that  I  may  take  him  before 

the  Khaleefeh?^lk^  l^\J^\  kUit. 

Delegate,  v,  ^J^  f^j\  arsal  watil* 

Delegate,  «.  f^j  wakil  (pi.  lli[^  trdbite). 

Delegation,  XJl^j  traJ^Zo^,  ^Ij  ntyd^t 

Deliberate,  v.  J^^«^  taddwal,^\dj  toMd- 

kar,j/t\y  tawdmar. 
Deliberate  (circumspect),  lgLa».^c>'*r»-L» 

idhih  ihtiydty  dLijl  L.^.^'v-Lg  9dhiib  w- 
ttbdhf  yx^   mudabbir;    (slow),  ^Jai 

i^j^\  hail  al  haraiai. 
Deliberately  (cautiously),  J-^Ij(J^  had 
taammul,   tUi^-l  JCj   hikol  ikiigdt; 

(with  design),    \  Xȣ  ^ajniofi,  ^ Juaj  ^ 
c0n  hudin. 
Deliberation,  ^JJ  tadbir,  J^U  jaasi- 
muZ,   Ju^   ib«(Z;    (caution),   ]pLs.»-t 

Deliberative,  Ljjt^^  tadbiri. 

Delicacy  (in  eating,  etc.),  ^^  J  tawl^  6jl 
la%Mt;  (beauty),  JU^/ama/,  ^j^*«^>- 
husn;  (tenderness,  softness  of  manner), 
^\J0  zardfat,  ujzU  lutf;  (neatness), 
Sj\^  tahdrat. 

Delicacies,  delicates  (exquisite  viands), 
^jmjU3  nafdgis. 

Delicate  (to  the  palate,  etc.),  «3jo]  fazie, 
(^/juu^   na/Ztf;    (soft,   amiable),    axU 

nd^tm.     Of  a  delicate  temper,  aJl»* 
(^^^MbA:Jl  kaHm  annaft. 
DeUoately,  ^ID  J^  M£o/  fa^4/U. 


DEL 


(586) 


DEM 


Delight,  delightfhInesB,  delicioosness,  SiJ 
lizzai.  And  he  ordered  them  to  inform  their 
Kbig  that  hiB  son  was  in  proeperity  and  joy, 
enjoying  a  life  of  the  utmost  delight  with  hia 

beloved,  ^\  M-^-U  \y^  ^\  j^Vb 

Delight,  r.  (give  pleasure),  ^j^  sharahj 

Delighted,  j^/**^  masrHr,    And  there 

came  forth  upon  him  from  the  door  a  pleasant 
genUe  gale,  and  an  exqouite  odonr,  wherewith 

the  porter  was  delighted,  ^lJx  ^j-s^ 

Delightful,  delightsome,jMA/t  muaur,  JJ  jJ 

lasa%f  r/^  mufarrth.  Ah,  how  de- 
lightful was  that  time  and  its  sweetness ! — ^the 
days  when  I  was  at  ^ase  from  all  anxieties  I 


Delightfully,  jjj/**J  J»  turur. 
Delineate,  v.  (design),  m^^j  rasam. 
Delineated,    (^y^j^  marsHm,  j^  Vi  »■  ^ 

Delineation,  a^  nwm,  la^  iS;^^^. 

Delinquency,  ILf^  j^^d,  m^  jmrm. 

Delinquent,  «.  (*/sr*  mufrim,  l^J^ 

muMnib. 
Delirious,  ^y^  nu^Hn,  4^»i^  jUfi 

Delirium,  ^l^  j^  hmydn. 

Deliver,  v.  (give  in  charge),  J^  talJum ; 

(give),  ^J^i  a^^tf' ;  (to  save,  set  at 
liberty),  ^jJj>^  khallaa;  (to  relate), 
hhdbhar.     And  when  they  had 


notdoso !  fc^Jj  ^  JUll  ljj--3^l  U1l5 

Deliverance  (from'  captivity,  etc.),  ifW* 
nqj&t,  (j0^  ^ihaldi,  ^jifarc^';  (utter- 
abce,  speaking),  ^^j^  takrir;  (giving 
or  consigning  to  another),  ^ImJ  to« 

Am;  (surrender),  XfiU^l  Ud^L 
Delivered  (freed),  cl/^Ca.^  ma/la^;  (con- 
signed, given),  JLuw«  musaUam. 

Deliverer,  «•  (rescuer),  ^^/oi-sr^  mukhalis, 
tXAi^  munius ;  (a  relator),  ^JiU  mu- 
harrir. 

Delivery   (surrender),  ^>^j>*J   ^/{m ; 

(childbirth),  iSi^  wilddat.         \j^aU^. 
Delude,  v.  \Ju^  ffhash,  ^Jx  Jl:;^-!  ihtdl 

Deluded,  jjyL«  tnaghrHr. 

Deluder,    9,   ^lu4^  ghoMkdBh.     See 

Deceiver,  Impostor. 
Delve,  r.     See  To  dig. 
Deluge,  8,  \^^  tawafdn. 
Deluge,  V.  uJlt  tdf.'  [ju^  hayd. 

Delusion  (deceit),  JlL>.  hllat,j*ycffhadr, 
Demagogue,  «•  c.,>^ir>ull  ^  ^.<3£^jmJ^. 
Demand,  «.  (claim,  requisition),  L^illff 

ialah,  %^^^  da^a\ 
Demand,  v.  s^A  \y  talab.     Thereupon 


brought  the  wealth  before  me,  I  said  to  them, 
Can  ye  deliTer  me  by  means  of  all  these  riches, 
and  pnrchase  for  me  therewith  one  day  daring 
whion  I  may  remain  alive  P    Bat  they  conld 


Saleh  said.  May  God  amend  the  state  of  the 
King !  I  do  not  demand  her  in  marriage  for 
myself;  yet  if  I  demand  her  in  marriage  for 
myself,  i  am  her  equal,  and  more,  for  thou 
knowest  that  my  &ther  was  one  of  the  Kings 
of  the  Sea,  though  thou  art  now  our  King. 
I  demanded  her  not  in  marriage  sare  for  the 
King,  the  son  of  my  sister,  who  is  the  King 
of  Persia,  whose  &ther  was  the  King 
8hah-Zaman;  and  thou  knowest  his  power! 

Ifiui.^  ^  J^  iL^\  *1J1  ^  ^U  JUi 

\yJLi  i>s^  u"^  \  { "■;  Vtr4.jij  t^j^i 


DEM 


(586) 


D£P 


^•Lw  uJ«KJ>  CUotj 

Demandablei  c-Jiall  ^J^  Idyik  uttdUih. 
Demandant,  demander,   «.  ^^c^t^  <2a^i, 

L^IL  ^/fi(;  (plaintiff),  ^\«X^t7»tMte^f. 

Demanded,  c-;»^.k^  matlnh. 

Dementate,  t?.  ^^jann. 

Demerit,  i^U^  hakdrat,  ild^  masaUat, 

Demerit,  v,  (deserve  blame  or  punish- 
ment), Jjbliwl  utdhal,  fj^^\  utahak, 

Demi,  ^-q^.»  naaf. 

Demise.     See  Decease,  Death. 

Democracy,  s,  j^^a^s^  jamhUr, 

Demolish,  v.  f^y>-  iharab,  ^  JUb  hadam, 
iX>-  hadd,  [mukhrth. 

DemoliBher^  <.  a jU  AdiJtm,   u.9-.^r* 

Demolished,  l^^jS^  makhrHh^  (^3*H^ 
mahdum.  To  be  demolished,  4^,^^! 
tnkharab.  [.(^^*^^  tnhiddm. 

Demolition,  c->t^  khardh,  aJJ^  ^a(^m. 

Demon,  9.  ^Ik^  shaytdn  (pi.  ^^Lj« 

«A<z^d^{n).  A  sylvan  demon,  J^  yAti/. 
Demoniac,  «.  ^yLi*y  nuukun,  {^y^ 

tnqfnUn, 
Demonstrable,  f^\i^\  JjlS  kdhil  al  bur- 

hdn,  J^Jb^ll  ^Mi ggj^h^  muatahsan  al 

madluL 
Demonstrably,   t^U?  sdAtrtfn. 
Demonstrate,  c^.^;^!  azhar,  ^^ji  larhan. 
Demonstrated,  ^j^j^  mubarhan* 
Demonstration,  JJ  J  ddU^  ij^ji  hurhdn 

(Pl-  c;:^^]/  iordAln),  vulJl  Mat. 
An  evident  demonstration,  <^J  ^oy- 
yMio^  (pi.  CL>Lj  hayyindt).  Evident 
demonatrations,^^^!^  ^  £^\j  iJL^lsf^ 
A^Li  hujjdtwddihattoahardhlnidti^t. 


Demonstrative,   demonstratory,  ci^-^ 
5tfrMnf.       A    demonstrative    cause. 

Demonstratively,  iS^ji  ^y.  bi  wafhin 

hurhdnh 
Demonstrator,  «.  ^jibj^  mubarkm. 

Demur,  v,  ^^j\  irtdh,  cjCi^  Mhak. 
Demure,  l^S\  u-'^fwLg  «dA»i  adab, 
Demureness,  jU^  wakdr. 
Den,  «.  (cave  of  a  wild  beast),  ^li^^r; 

(a  valley),  ^^<^|^  i^d(ft;  (a  woody  place), 

^U  yhdbat. 
Deniable,  jl^Sl  ^jL%^  mumkm  al  inkdr. 
Denial,  ^ICtftnJ^r,  ^Ju  nafi,  ^.^pJuimZ^. 

To  give  a  flat  denial  (to  give  the  lie), 

m 

Denied,  j^J^  mankur. 
Denier,  t.Jj^  munkir. 

Denigrate,  v.  4>^  tatmoad. 
Denizen.    See  Citizen. 
Denominate,  v.  ^<^t^  sammt^m 

Denominated,  ^<^«mm^  jntMenntmi'. 

Denomination,  a««1  Mm,  c^^gl  /oiUi. 
Denominator,  a.  ,^y«iM«^  mfwammf. 

Denote,  v.  a.  Jl^  ^lam. 

Denoted,  /^yj^  tnarkum. 

Denounce,  v,j^  khabbaryj^\  aahar. 

Denouncement,  Aa\  t^tem,  jl^\  uikdr. 

Dense,  im^i/S  ktuHf, 
Density,  o\j^sf\  injirndd. 

Deny,  v,^\  ankar,  i^X,t  adah.   There* 

fore  he  commanded  and  forbade,  invested  asd 
deposed,  and  gave  and  denied  till  the  end  of 

the  day,  J^\^  J^j  ^^^  ^5f  J^^ 

Depart,  v.  (go  away),    .1j  rdh^  y\^ 
•dfoTf  J^j  rahal,  ^Jisj]  mtakal, 
hajar  \  (to  apoetati^),  JJ^I  arUd^ 


DEP 


(687) 


DEP 


Department  (office),  4^J^  kkidmaL 

Departure,  J^a^f  irtiMl,  (^Ujst'Adi. 

We  aliehted  here,  then  we  departed ;  such  is 
the  world  (such  is  life)— a  landing  followed  by 
a  departure.  And  yet  men  think  that  there 
is  permanency  in  tne  world,  whilst  the  [>er- 
xnanency  of  men  in  the  world  is  a  mere  im- 

poesibUity,  \j^  ^^J^^Vf^  ^  ^f-' 

Depaaperate,  v.yi  fakkar*  • 

Depend,  9.  (have  a  relation  to),  ^^ju 
ta^aUai ;  (to  be  in  a  state  of  expecta- 
tion), ^kJt  itUoiar.  To  depend  upon 
(trastto),  Sasa\  i^tamad,  ^^hsS  i^takad. 

Dependance,   dependancy,    dependence, 

dependency  (relation  of  one  thing  to 

anotiher),  jLu  ta^aUuk  (pi.  C^IaLu 

ta^aUukdt),  JL«>U^  mundiobiU;  (tmst), 

fc>U::x1  i^ikddf  jUclc!  i^imdd. 

Dependant,  dependent  (relative),  f^JC^ 
tnuia^Miky  c^^«yy^  matMb ;  (subject). 

Dependant,  dependent,  depender, «.  (upon 
another),  ^Ijf  tdli^. 

Deplorable,  ^X^  mubakhl^  (contemp- 
tible), fy^  nuamiJLm. 
Deplorableness,  ,X^  Jl>-M/  mubahkl. 
Deplore,  v,  ^\&  ^.jLi'lj  taassaf  ^M* 

The  wild  doires  lamented  for  me  and  ex- 
pressed their  pity ;  had  they  deplored  me,  it 
would  ha?e  surprised  no  one.  While  tiiey 
were  lamenting  me  from  among  the  leaves, 
their  harmonious  measures  and  warblinn 
caused  the  branches  of  the  trees  to  tremble 

out  of  pity  for  me,c:^V«l^_Jx  cu-«>-l3 

Deplored,  4Jlc  ^X^  muhia*  ^allhu 
Deplnme,  v*  (poll  off  feathers), 
l/*ii\  ntUa/arrUh. 


Deponent,  «.  (witness),  JJhLl  shdkid. 
Depopulated,  c^j^^  makhruh* 
Depopulation,  <--.^|^  khar&h 
Depopulator,  «•  ^jS^  mukharrtb. 
Depose,  9.  (from  a  throne),  2Jls>-  kkah^; 

(from  an  office),  Jijc  ^mal;  (to  give 

testimony),  Jkf^  shehed. 
Deposed,  JjJ«^  ma^iU. 
Depositary,  s.  (person  with  whom  ouy- 

thing  is  lodged),  cJyu**.^  mwtawdi^ 

Deposit,  9,  h\^\  amdnat,  ^(^  wadl^t 
(pL  ^f<^  toaddyi^.  By  way  of  de- 
posit, ij\^\  (ji)oi  hitarfk  tU  am&nat. 

Deposit,  V.  ^J^  wadit^ 

Deposited,  9}^y  mawdu^ 

Deposition  (evidence),  if jlfl  shakddai. 
Depravation,  depravedness,  depravement, 
depravity,  jlmifoidd,  j^Haj]  Msikli. 
Deprave,  v.  Jum5  fasad. 
Depraved,  JsJs^  mukhtal,  Jy^Lt  mafiad. 
Depraver,  «.  JumA^  murfM,  l)^  tnukkil* 
Deprecate,  r.  jiicnj\  istaghfar^  jdJO^\ 

Deprecation  (imploring  forgiveness), 
j\ki&^\  utig^dr,  \ijc^\  uti^d;  (inter- 
cession), JulLl  skafd^at* 

Deprecator,  9.  Jaca^^  mwtagkfir  \  (a 
mediator),  <^jg.A  shafi^ 

Depreciate,  v,  Jj^l  istartal,  Jl^ 
kakar,  ^U\  akdn. 

Depredate,  v,  Sj\i  J^b^  ^amdlgkdra,  Ju 
yagkgkamt  v-^  ndkah. 

Depredation,  Uju  yagkmd,  HjKs.  gkdra. 

Depredator,  f.^jyi  clLS  kattd^attmrlk. 

Depress,  9.  ^^  toatta  ;  (humble),  J  J 

9iaU,jL^  kakar,  ^Ul  akdn. 
Depressed,  ^^:J>-  kaklr,  Jj)j^  mailul, 

jjisr^  makkHr,  l^U^  kkdyib,  ^\^ 

munkdn. 


DEE 


(588) 


DES 


Depression   (abasement),   (S;^^   UkJiI, 

j^iAa^  tahklr,  f;U».  hak&raU 
Depressor,  #.  Jj^  mi»t7» 
Deprivation,  f\sA  i^m. 
Deprive,  v.  ic^  c  JJ  nata^  ^naho,  aiX^ 

^adam,  itj>^  haram.  To  deprive  of  an 

office  or  dignity,  J^  ^oaaL 
Deprived,  ^Jlc  ^adim,  (^^jS^  mahrum. 

To  be  deprived,  ^jS^\  inharam. 
Depth,  Jh«x  ^mk.    In  the  depth  of 

winter,  IimJ\  Lmsj  ^J  fl  foaaat  ashahitd, 

or  liAll  4.^  ^flhalb  ashaMtd. 

Deputation  (vicegerency),  ^l^  wakdlat, 
i)Lj  niffdhaL 

Depute,  V.  f^j\  arsai;  (appoint),  i^^^) 
fMMoh ;  (to  send  a  deputation),  J«^\ 
^^  araal  wukald.  [mwBal. 

Deputed,  «•  ^Ji^c^  mata^f^in,  u^^j^ 
Deputy,  8,  iw-^U  nd'ib,  J^j  wahl  (pi. 

i^^  umkala),  J^yt  muwakkal,  jy^ 
mdm9i.ry  i^^  hawdla,jJi»\^  mt^dshir. 
A  deputy  vested  with  full  powers,  ^}^j 
j;lk«  waltil  mutlah.  The  deputy  of 
a  judge,  ^USt  i.^U  n&'ib  al  Icddl, 

Deracinate,  v.  (tear  up  by  the  roots),  e  J/ 

nata^  ^  hda^  [jS^  hajar. 

Dereliction  (abandoning),   ilfj    tarah, 

Deride,  r.  jS^**^  tamaskAar,  cg^f^» 
4stahia\ 

Derided,  ^Csi*^  madhakaU  To  be  de- 
rided, tijsf**^  j^  %dr  maskhara* 

Derider,   s»    dX^-U    ddhik,  jSt**^"^ 

mtUtatnoikhir,  k^Jf^***^  mtutahzi. 
Derision,  ijS^*^  nuukkarat,  \jfiJ\  tstihMd, 
tamaskhur.  And  when  the  King 


« 


heard  hu  words,  he  laughed  in  derinon  of  him, 
80  that  he  fell  hackwaras,  and  said  to  him,  0 
my  grief !  0  my  affliction !  0  Saleh,  I  OBed 
to  tmnk  thee  a  man  of  good  sense,  and  an  ex- 


cellent youth,  who  attempted  not  aught  but 
what  was  right,  and  uttered  not  anght  but 

what  was  just !  ^1^  CXUll  «..4^  Uli 

M 

Derisive,   derisory,    {jSis^^^  ^^    thf 

mudhik. 
Derivable,  J^^\  JilS  kdhtl  al  huul. 

Derivation,  ?j^f^itJ3*^  ntdUr,  rr^/^^ 
ikkrdj,  j\£::J^\  ishtikdk. 

Derivative,  ^Vv*  fi^t}'  ^  derivative 
noun,  ^JsJm^  j^)  ism  mushtak.  Deri- 
vatives, c:jU^a:l«  mutafarrtt^L  De- 
rivatively,  lA^  f  ^   hinaw^  fi^^i 

Derive,  v.  ^^Ou0  sadar  min^  ^  (J^\ 
ashtsk  min.  To  derive  advantage,  ^^^>^ 
£jjli  KmboI  fdyidat. 

Derived,  jjl^  «<ZJtr,  (^J^  muM^Jt, 
^j^  tnutafarra^.     To  be  derived, 

fjsJl»\  (uhtak. 
Deriver,  $.jXa^  musdir. 
Derogate,  v»  (act  contrary  to  some  former 

law  or  custom),  Jlajl  ahtai,  t^ls^ 

khdlaf,  jAc  ghdyar ;   (to  disparage), 

^^£>*  hakar. 
Derogation  (breaking  or  making  void  a 

law),    JUajf    ihtdl\    (disparaging), 

(^Us:Ll  Utikhfif. 
Derogative,  derogatory,  ^U/«  mv^hayir^ 

uJlUi'^  mukhdlif.  {tffisIL 

Dervis,  «.  (Eastern  monk),  \J^^j*^  dor- 
Descend,  v*  ^^  ntaui.     To  oaoae  to 

descend,  JjJ  nossa/,  ^^jj\  amuUn 
Descendant,  desoendantB, «.  Jw  nasi  (pL 


DES 


(589) 


DES 


JLj\  ansdi)y  i^^  i»«aJ(pl.  L^\mj\ 

afudh). 
Descendant,   descending,    Jj^   ndtU; 

(proceeding  firom),  jOL^  iddir. 
Descendible,  iJ\  JjjJl  ^/^  mumkin 

Descent,  decension,  Jjjp  niail/.  Ascent 
and  descent  of  kindred,  ^jj/^  J^^ 
tMfl/  wafr^^ ;  (lineage),  J^l  m/,  JmJ 
«a«/,  Cy%>M)  natab,  CZ--^^  i»»*-.  The 
steps  of  descent  (in  consangainity), 
JjjjJ!  c^Ip-jJ  darajat  annuzid.  To 
make  a  hostile  descent,  ffjU  J»^i^  ^ama/ 
ghdra. 

Describe,  v,  u^j  tTMo/l 

Described,  \^^y  mawBHf, 

Describer,  s.  f^j  rdsim,  i*-itf|^  todsif. 

Description,  ^Li  haydn,  J--.aij  <a/»l/, 
uJjyw  ta^rif,  uJ-tfj  wa»/l  Descrip- 
tion of  a  country,  SL^\  VijV?^  takhtU 
al  hilad.  \J^  khabhar. 

Descry,  v:  u.Po.(  huhaf;  (to  announce), 

Desert,  ».  i^  harriyatfji  harrtji  hafr. 
The  desert  of  the  children  of  Israel, 
Jj^ -rf^  L5^  ^  ^*  ^^  /«ral/.  The 
wild  beasts  of  the  desert,  ^Jflf  L^i^3 
umkush  id  harriyat. 

Desert  (wild,  solitary),  l^^  khardh, 
JU*  khdh,  jy^jt^j^  ghayr  ma^nr. 

Desert  (merit),  J^  fadl,  jUflcL-j\ 
istihkdk. 

Desert,  r.  (abandon),  y«^  hqfar,  vl^ 
^aib.  To  desert  one's  country, 
biSLil^Ji  tarik  btlddo.  To  desert 
the  world  (retire  to  solitude),  Ij  jJI  CSp 
tarak  addunyd.  To  desert  one  another, 
^j^lff  iahdjarU. 

Deserted,  jys^  mahjUr,  ^if^  matruh 
Deserter,  «•  /«jjf«  ma^am,  <--^U  Adrti^. 


Desertion,  y«^  A^,  ^^^yj:*  Ayrfin,  d^ 

tark* 
Deserve,  v.  (good  or  ill),  fjs^\  istahak, 

^...^jXrfl    Utauojab,  Jjbli^\  istdhal. 

To  deserve  reward,  ^jo^^  S-^^j^^**^ 

mmtaiwjib  dl  ^wad.  To  deserve  honour 

or  respect,  fjWjl^  <*r^!^  ^^'^Z*^  *'^" 
^aya^  Todeservedeath,  JiJJl^^i^ul 

istahak  al  kail. 

Deserved,  Jfjcijo*^  intM^Aa£. 

Deservedly,  j;>.  JXj  bikol  hak. 

Deserrer,  «•  Jjbl:yyuw«  muatdhU. 

Design,  s.  (intention),  JuaS  kasd,  4tJ 
nly tf ^,  ^^  ^of  m,  XaL*  maksad.  With 
design,  JusaII^  btlkasd,  \x^  ta^m' 
mudan»  Without  design,  J^^ai^^^^ 
min  ghayr  maksnd.  According  to  the 
design,  (^\;^\  i^^m'^  Juuab  al  mar  dm. 
A  design  (of  an  artist),  ^j  roam. 

Design,  v.  (purpose),  Xai  kasad;  (to 
plot),  Jli^l  ihtdl;  (to  delineate). 
M^j  rasam.  [kdhil  arrasm. 

Designable,  (^**^ji  yartatim,  m»^\  JjIS 

Designation  (marking  out),  gj\Jti\  ishdrat, 
Jule  ^aldmat,  ^j  rasm* 

Designed  (proposed),  JyaL-9  maksUd; 
(delineated),  ^y^j^  marsHm. 

Designedly,  ^i^oSj  bi  kasdin,  Iju^  kaadan, 
^jLvCb  biikhtiydrin. 

Designer,  9,  ^\j  rdiim;  (a  plotter)  ,^U 
mdkir,JS^  makkdr,  J^ls^  muhtdh 

Designing,  adf.  ^y^^^  muhtdl. 

Desire  (passion,  wish),  Jb\:>^  khdiiff 
^yb  hawaSf  Jf^  shatok,  SLij  rughbat ; 
(request),  c^-JJ?  talab,  J^^  su-dL  A 
humble  desire,  ^V^  tamanni,  9;^ 
tadarru^.  A  longing  desire  to  see  any 
person  or  thing,  jl«:^l  Mtaydk.   To 


DES 


(690) 


DES 


excite  desire,  ^^^j  raghghab^  jj-J* 
shawwak.  To  baye  a  strong  desire, 
jls-l)  Mtak.  Agreeable  to  desire 
(or  wisb),  aSjA^S  y^^^s^  hasab  al 
maram*  According  to  desire  (or  re- 
quest), v_  '^^^  i_-""^  htuab  al  ialab. 

So  when  the  King  saw  what  she  did  to  him, 
his  loTe  for  her  increased,  and  his  desire  for 
her  became  yiolent.  He  imagined  that  she 
was  enamonred  of  him,  and  he  confided  in 
her,  and  proceeded  to  embrace  and  to  kiss  her, 

Desirable,  i^j^y  marghnh. 

Desire  (wish  for),  ^jf^\  uhtaha\  jtJ;.! 
UMak^  v-j^  raghih,  JU  t/ia/;  (to 
request),  v,yJU  UiM,  ^^J^  tammna\ 

c  "jJS  tadarra^*     And  she  replied,  0 

my  son,  by  heayen,  I  desire  for  thee  nothing 
bnt  good  success,  and  I  wish  she  may  be  wim 
thee ;  for  thon  art  the  shining  moon,  and  she 
is  the  rising  snn.    (Moon  is  masc.  sun  is  fem.) 

Desired   (asked  for),  ^^^  maHQb; 

(wished  for),  ^fy^  margkuhy  ^^^f^-* 

muihtahi. 
Desirer,  %,  i^lL  idlib. 
Desirous,  ^^sJL^mwhUik,  K^^h\jragh%b. 

Desirous  of  war,  ^->;^f  c-^)^  rdghih 


al  harh.    Desirous  of  peace, 

^^\  rdghib  asntlh.     To  be  desirous, 

^y^  toihawwakf  fj\:J^\  tshtdk. 
Desist,  C/p  tarak,  ^  ^jIa  ^adda'  ^on, 

Ojifaragh.  [l^^jS^  tnalhrnh. 

Desolate  (laid  waste),  L^)/^^  kkardh, 

iharabff^  ,s>'tharrab. 


To  make  desolate,  (^/uk>>y  awhaak.  And 

when  she  beheld  him,  she  embraoed  him  is 
the  presence  of  her  &ther,  clnng  to  him,  liseed 
him,  and  said  to  him,  Thoa  hast  Budeme 

desolate  by  thine  absence,  ^^j  l^ 


Desolately,    V^r^  l^rdlan. 
Desolater,    «.   c— ?-i:^   mukkryh.    Bat 


I  was  not  aware  when  there  alighted  anoct 
ns  the  terminator  of  delights,  the  separator  of 
companions,  the  desolator  of  abodes,  tb. 
rarager  of  inhabited  mansions,  the  destzvrer 
of  the  great  and  the  small,  the  infuits,  tb« 


children,  and  the  mothers,  ^^^a^i  ^ 
J^j  cjI  jU^  ^Jl»  W  J>i  ^ 

i-*j  jjljJ^  ui^r*5  ^*^'^' 


jUJIj  jl-^t  ,jii*, 


ju«\^u\  ,,j:i 


>v 


Desolation,  S**)/^  Vhardl. 
De8pair,U-^l  ^l3kkat^aTTajd^yjj\ij^. 

Despair,  v.  \-^J^  j-i=^  hata^  arrajd. 
Express  a  hish  valne  even  for  one  wbidi  u 
of  fittle  worth,  and  return  thanks  jeren  for  tbi; 
minutest  present  Be  not  desperate  at  mat- 
ing with  refusal,  nor  think  it  impossible  thit 
a  hard  rock  should  yield  water ;  nor  despair  of 
God's  spirit-help,  for  that  is  the  part  of  m 

infidel,  J^/^\j  ^j^\  e^  j^; 

J\Ji  ^l  *U\  ^jj  ^y^h  *  *^' 

Despairer,  «.  l>Ot  ^li  idto^  orra/d. 

Despairingly,  Wjyt^  cr*  "••*  ^^^  ^* 

De^rate   (hopeless),   {j^y}^  mdyU; 

(irretrievable),   \j*^\  Ai*Xc  ^aiim  ad- 

dated;  (rash), j^fL/t  mn^a^iptriir. 

Desperately  (furiously),  ]j^f^  mulakM- 

mran;  (in  a  great  degree),  ^l«  W 

Desperateness,  j^  iakawumr. 
Desperation.     See  Despair. 


BES 


(591) 


DET 


Despicable,  despisable,  JJj  sahl,  ^Jd 

danif  «aA>-  haklr. 
DespicablenesSy    ij\l^    hakdrat,    i'\jJ 

danaat;  despicably,  S;U»>  JG  bikol 

hakdrat. 
Despise,  v,jJS^-  hakoTfjAr^x^A  istahkar. 

Despised,  j^^^^  mahkur,  j^Ji^-  hakir, 

^l^  muhdn. 
Despiser,  s.yLs^  muhkir,  ^j^^  muhln. 

Despite,  despitefalness  (spite,  malice), 
i^\jx.  ^addwat,  J^a».  hakd,  ^j^m  huffhd. 

Despite,  v.S\>'  jdkar. 

Despiteful,  J^ft>^  hakud, 

Despitefolly,  ^Kj  nakdyai. 

Despoil,  9.  ^A*A  salabf  Uju  J.«ix  ^mdl 

yaghmdj    Juui^   afsad.      Covetoasness 

does  not  induce  me  to  throw  m^rself  into  de- 
struction. He  then  approached  it,  and,  going 
round  about  it,  examined  it  warily;  and  lo, 
tbere  was  a  deep  pit,  which  the  owner  of  the 
▼ineyard  had  dug  to  oateh  the  wild  beasts  that 

despoiled  the  vineyard,  w^LSl  ^<Ju4^)tj 

Despondency,  ^  gham. 

Despot,  s.   (tyrant),   JU?  zdlim,  ji^ 

jdhtr,ji\s>^jdyir. 
Despotic,  JiiUu^  mustaktU,  \^mS^  mu- 

tataUit,     Despotic  power,  despotism, 

yLuJ  tasaUut,  f^i3s^\  UtUddl. 
Dessert,  b.  (last  coarse),  Ja3  nukl. 

Destination  (appointment),    ^    niyat, 
jL^  murddf  JL^  ito<i,  (jCyC  yharad; 

(appointed  place),  ^T/^  mofja^^Jk^ 
maharr. 
Destine,  v.  ^^  t^y^^t  Lya,-^s>-  khauM. 


Destined, j^^  mtikarrar,j  Ji^  mukaddar, 

fjt^f^  mu^yyan,  ^j^jc^  tnuta^yan. 

Destiny,   c,  ■> Mrr>   nasih,    ijL^aer   hakht, 

<UumJ  kigmaL  Thus  we  continued  to 
do  until  destiny  conreyed  us  to  a  beautiful 
island,  abounding  with  trees  bearing  ripe  ihiit, 
where  flowers  diffused  their  firamnoe,  birds 
warbled,  and  pure  riYers  flowed;  but  there 
was  not  an  inhabitant  in  it,  nor  a  blower  of  a 

fire,  Ui5»  ^^  JUUll  JjJb  Jlx.  JjJ  ^^ 
j\^i\  Ij^  h4^  Iji^  ^^Ji^U^l 

Destitute  (in  want  of),  ii^-^ls^  khdyih, 

jM/akid,  0^Ssu9  mafkud;  (abandoned, 

left),  dyjr^  matriLk,  Jj As^  mal^ilh 
Destitute  of  strength,  >-lc  ^djiz. 

Destroy,  v.  ^^  fana\  (^js>^  kharah, 

(.JjJ  tola/;  (to  lay  waste),  <^j^ 
kharrab.     To  destroy  buildings,  i*JUb 

hadam.     To  destroy  (kill),  Jsj  katal. 
Destroyed,  (^^^^^^  ma^Hm,  c^]^  kha- 

rdh,  (^jjSf^  makhrUhf  /«j«^f^  mahdutn. 
Destroyer,  m.l^JjJS^  m«^t3,  a  jU  hddim, 

Juui^  mufsid* 
Destruction,  ^.^,ar  takhrih.     And  if 


he  find  him  in  safety,  it  is  what  he  desires, 
and  thou  wilt  be  thanked  and  praised ;  but  if 
he  be  not  found  in  thy  country,  or  if  any  evil 
have  befallen  him,  receive  tidiness  of  destruc- 
tion,  and  of  the   ruin   of    thy  territories, 


Destructive,  Juwi^  mufsid,  ^a/%  mudirr, 

vli3u^  muhUk, 

Destructively,    Ulf«  tnuhUkan, 

Desultory,  f^y^^ji^  mughdyir  alkd- 

.  ntln,  fjkcUlluJ^  khUdf  dl  kd^idat. 
Detach,  v.  ^^farak» 


DET 


(692) 


DEV 


Detachment,  «.  (a  body  of  troops),  ^^ 

faujy  Ijjijlrkat,  <1^  Muk. 
Detail,  s,  (minute  account),  Jg>flAJ  tafill. 

In  detail,  JyairJl  ^le.  ^M  attafill^ 

\^^  iMfildan.  To  detail,  J-^/eMJo/, 

Detain,  v.  (withhold),  uJS^l  OM^ib/'.   To 


detain  in  custody. 
Detained,  ^jyuyS-sr*  muA^o^M.    Detained 
in  prison,  ^^^^i^r*  mahhiU. 

Detect,  «.  ujLuu^  iashaf,  j^\  (nhar. 

Detected,   i^ylS^  mdkshuff   i^ti\\^ 

munkashif. 
Detector,  s.  L^lUli  kasha/,  LM»\^kd8h%f. 

Detection,  jl^\    i%hdr,    cjLwu^    kaehf, 

(^U^f  inkUhdf. 
Detention,  uJJy  tawln/j^a^^  hoar. 
Deter,  v.  uJjc^  khawwaf,  t—agwj  tc^aiU- 

Determinable,  J.^1  (^;^Ub«  mMinJ&tn  a/ 
/m^,  Jj  j^\  Jjti  jl<s&»7  attahdid. 

Determinate,detennined(limited),Jj4Xs^ 
mahdnd;  (established),  ^^^^Ltmuibrrar, 
(■■?j.a;<  mansuh  ;  (conclusive),  «^U 

Determinately,  f^^  J^  ^t^J  tamlm, 

Determination  (intention),  Ju^  kasd, 
A^jC  ^Mtn,  ij\j\  irddai;  (resolution), 
J)U:;L^t  istikldl;  (decision),  j^Js^jazm, 
Jl^  hukm;  (limitation),  JjJea^to^i^. 

Determine,  v.  (fix  limits),  JJ^^  haddad; 
(to  conclude  finally),  a:^  khatam;  (to 
decide),  Jl».  hakam ;  (to  adjust),  JaJ 
nosam ;  (to  resolve),  /^Jc  ^atam. 

Detest,  17.  fjok)  haghad,  sjc>^\  utakrah. 

Detestable,  a^J^  makruh,  ij^  karth. 

Detestably,  *V^l;  hi  UUkrdh. 


Detestation,  i\J:iJi  uiikrdh,  Ljb\^  ka- 

rdhiyat  iib\^  kardhat. 
Detester,  «•  2f^C".,«*i^  mwtakrih. 
Dethrone,  t^.  J^  ^oto/,  ^^  kkala^. 
Dethroned,  Jjjj*^  tna^nl,  ^j^  Pj^^^ 

CS^\  ^^SnuJsMiL^inkurnalfmdk, 
Detract,  v,  *|J  tahaim. 
Detractor,  «.  ^Ij  ^f?Aii». 
Detraction,  ^ILb  iUff  tuhmat  h&tHai. 
Detriment,  jfy^  darar,  ij\MS>^  khtudrti. 
Detiimental,^«d^  mudirr. 
Devastation,  \^^  ^  takhrih, 
Develope,  v.  u,o^^  kashaf. 

Devest  (divest),  v.  ^^  cAo^ZtiA. 

Deviate,  v,  (stray  from  the  right  road), 
J^  (fa/;  (to  err,  sin),  ^^SiSLs^.^  akhid, 

•To  deviate  from  a  purpose,  ol^  had. 

Deviation,  wandering,  Jli  <2«ia/. 
Device  (contrivance),  ^Jj  tadbJr.     A 

device  (on  a  shield,  etc.)  A^ic  ^oJami^. 
Devil,  ^Ua^  shaytdn  (pi.  ^^^\m  <jb- 

yd^In);    (a  wicked  man  or  woman), 

jljJ^  sharir  (pi.  j  1^1  oihrdr). 
Devilish,  cJUa*^  shaytdnl;   (horrible), 

uJ^"^  mttkhatowif,  i^J^  tnahr&Jk, 
Devilishly,  ^IkJLjl^  kd$hshayi&n. 
Devious,  Jlj  ddh 

Devise,  v,  ^y^\  tkhtara^,  f  "^^  ihtada^. 

Then  she  beguiled  him  with  words,  and  with 
soft  discourse ;  and  he  knew  not  what  artifices 

she  had  devised  against  him,  \^\  ^ 

Devise,  «.  (last  will),  Zm^j  UHUtyai^ 
Devised,  ^JC/t  inti^iu2a^3ar. 
Deviser,  <•  J^^  mtl;u/^  fj^^*^  ii»t«iA- 
tari^.     A.  deviser  by  last  wiU,  15^^ 


DU 


(593) 


DIE 


Devoid,  ^^  ihdU,  ^«X£  ^adlm. 
Devoir.  See  Civility,  Compliment,  Doty. 
Devolve,  v.  ^j  waka^. 
Devote,  v.j^  fumar. 

Mf 

Devoted  (appropriated),  ^^y^jt^mu^yan; 

(addicted),    JjU  mdy%l\    (to  Ood), 

j^su^  manaur;  (affectionate),  ^jAs^ 

mukhtaa,  ^yas^  moi^fi^. 
Devotedly,  ^jol.tfx.^.l  J^  ^iib/  iiA^Ma«, 
Devotee,  «•  (devoat  person),  jJbtj  sd^ii, 

jjU   ^hH ;    (saperstitioiiB   person), 

sdhtb  Imdn  hdiil. 

Devotion  (piety),  il  jLfi  ^hddat;  (submis- 
sive obedience,  attachment),  <U.0^«d>- 
khususiyat,  *i^^\  inkiydd,  ^^^  ^ti- 
hudiyaU 

Devour,  v.  «Jl^  hala^,  t^^  ^tala^, 

Devoored,  ^^lu^  mablii^. 

Devonrer,  <.  Ocu^  mubtali^, 

Devoat,  JJbiJ  stdhid,  ^jf^  mutauforri^. 

Devoutly,  J jLc  J^  3t%0/  ^ddat,  Jij 

(^^  &t^^  takwa\ 
Dew,  v^JJ  noi^'. 
Dew,«.  (moisten  with  dew,  etc.),  v^Jj^U 

Dexter,  ^^j^  ^amln.     See  Eight. 
Dexterity,  ijCi«0  tan^,  ^uLli  k&Miyat. 
Dexterous,  uJ^^  c^-f^  t^  «dAt5  tasarruf. 
Dexterously,  ^Lkx^  ,JG  ^lib/  san^at. 

Diabetes,  ^Ur^\  ij^  Jmirat  al^hakh&kh. 
Diabolical,     See  Devilish. 
Diadem,  ^l?  tdj.     See  Crown. 
Diagonal,  <-->jjlb  hikoarh,  J\  i^\j  ^^ 

^yj  min  tdwyat  M  %&wy<U. 
Diagonally,c-9^^lj3f^ar3.SeeObliquely. 
Dial, «.  i,,yM,^  i^Ls  9&^at  shamtleh.  The 

pin  or  style  of  a  dial,  J[f  Ut  ^j^ 


Dialect,  ^U  ludn. 

Dialectic,   JiViV4»ll  Jc£   ^t'/m  o^  tnaniik. 

See  Logic. 
Dialectical,  ^<aL:>^  man^oii. 

Dialogue,  i^\A^  muxdiarai,  ^IC«  mtf- 

kdlamat,  ij^^^^  muhdwarat.   See  Con- 
versation. 
Diameter,^^  kair.     See  Axis. 

Diamond,  t.  ^^U!l  a/m4«. 

Diaphanous  (transparent),  uJlLl  shaffaf. 

Diaphragm  (midriff),  c-^Jill  (^\^hifdb 

dkalh. 
Diarrhoea,  Jlf^l  uhdl^  Jlfwujl  insihdL 
Diary,  s,  ^^\^j  rosndmah. 
Dice  (game  at),  ^jdjUail  k^^w]  la^h  attdwla. 

Dictate,  v,  (prescribe),  ^»C».  hakam,j^\ 

amar. 
Dictate,  ».  ^Ulc^^  tuu^llhi,y\  amr. 

The  dictates  of  the  heart,  l^>\a\\j^\^\ 
atpdmir  alkalh. 
Diction,  JuK  kalimat  (pi.  CL^UK  ib/t- 

mdtX   ZlaiS   2eiM   (pl-  ^^f  ^fi^)f 

Dictionary,  «.  ^\  l^\s^  kitdh  ullayhat. 
Did,  preL  of  do,  J.4wC  ^ama/. 

Didactic,  Juc«  mu^lim,  *^*^y  muwad- 

dib,  ^^4»Amj  fa^llmh 

— 

Die,  V.  CI^U  md^,  ^y  tawaffa.  To  be 
a  martyr,  Ju^  CL^U  md^  thahld.  To 
die  suddenly,  <dii  _!L£  c^U  mdt  ^la' 
ghaJU\   (to  perish),  Ci3jb  Mti^;   (to 

witheras  a  vegetable),  Jj  J  <?iM.  And 

they  said,  If  the  King  is  dead,  he  has  left  this 
iDgenious  Prince ;  and  he  who  has  left  such 

as  he  is  not  dead,  (JjflU  ^l^  ^  fjllij 

Die,  f .  (tinge),  wm^  sabayh* 

38 


DIP 


(594) 


DIG 


Die,  ^^  hum.    A  die  (cabe)| 
ka^b  (pi.  L^\^  ki^ah). 

Dier,  8,  iy^  iobldgh. 

Diet  (food),  ^^UL  ta^Am,  J^t  M\  (an 

allowance  of  food  by  the  rules  of  medi- 
cine or  moderation),  J^\  J\j&c\ 
imJtJui\^  i^idal  al  aid  wiuhskirh.  A 
diet  or  general  assembly  of  nobles, 
\^\  2^4^  mqfma^  umard. 

Diet,  V.  (to  eat  sparingly,  or  by  rule), 
Hr^!^  J^ib  Jjoftl  i^^oW  ha  aU 
woBhihirh, 

Differ,  v.  (to  be  distinguished  from),  j^j 

fardk)  (to  be  at  Tariance),  L^alcLrwl 
ikhidlaf. 

Difference(distinction),^^/arit,uJli£>^\ 
ikhtildf,  j\f^\  imtijfdi  ;  (variance), 
LJhs^\  ikhtildf,  j\aJ^  ahikdk.  To 
make  a  difference  (distinguish),  ^j3 
farak,  U«  mayyat.  To  cause  a  differ- 
ence (excite  a  quarrel),  ^UmJI  ^^j 
rama^  ashshikdk. 

Different  (distinct),  ^qI^A^  mukhtalif. 
Of  different  qualities,  uJLtf^il  ^qItijt^ 
mukhtalif  alawsdf.  Different  sorts, 
i^Luit  aksdm,  clyl  anwd^.  In  dif- 
ferent manners,  ^jSzJs^  c\^\)  hi  an^ 
icd^in  mukhtalifat.  [khildf  nau>^ 

Differently,    li^  farkan,  c  y  uJ)Lsr'  1% 

Difficult  (not  easy),  i,^^n<i  ta^,  j^MtA 
^<Mfr.  Conditions  difficult  to  be  ob- 
served, ^VcfSI  ^jt***^  ^}j^  shardyet 
^oArat  arri^dyaL  A  difficult  pass 
(through  a  country), j(j^1-m*x  J^:^ 

mahall  ^aUr  al  tnurHr. .  A  distemper 
difficult  to  be  cured,  ^tji\j^u^»*£.  ^y 
murad  ^sir  al  ^Idj.  A  difficult  affair, 
JiJL^j^\  amr  mmhkal.     DifficultieSy 


LZ)i^JL^  muihkildt    A  reqaest  diffl- 
oolt  to  be   obtained,  jSjc^   c3r*^ 
^ya^\ma8u^miUa.^a^^kuM. 
Difficultly,  liyuc  JJIj  hihil  m^^ikat, 

^}JJMAJ  hi  mushkilf    ^^J^  hardkm^ 
zf  ^X^  \f^  karahtn. 
Difficulty,^^dMiX  ^usr,  Jjju  ta^alkti,  hyuo 
tu^Ubat ;  (opposition),  ^\zxA  i^tirdit 

J^aIIst^  mukhdlafat. 
Diffidence,  ^Jby  tawakhum^  ^(f^  shuhkiiy 

i^j/,  hurudat,  j\x:s!i  \  aiXa  ^adam  d 
i^tkddm 
Diffident,  ^JbjS^  tnutawahhim ;    (uncer- 
tain), aAjl^j^  gkayr  ma^um.    To 
be  diffident,  ^iby  iawahham. 

Diffidently,  i[^  J^  htkol  skubkaL 
Diffuse,  9.yuJ  tuuhoTf  ^\JL\  a^kdc.   To 
diffuse  odours,  -.U  fdh,  ^  nafdh.  To 
diffuse  science,   /•^V  ^<^\  adUL^  ^ 

Diffuse,  diffused,  diffusive,  ^j^  fMilr: 

jM*s^^   muntashir,  jym  \m    tMnUkir 

«^L&    shdyt^,    ijo\su9   pmfdd,    ^'j 

fdshi.     To  be  diffused,  JLcj\  inUuiM. 

Diffusedly,  diffusely,  diffusively^  JJL^j 
J>j..aiJ^  ^  jL  hikol  ikarkm 

Diffusedness,  diffusion,  diffusi 
j\JmSj\  intishdr,  ^\J^\  ishd^oL 
fusiveness  of    speech,    Jj^gaJ  ts^ 

Diffusion  of  odours,  ^  na/h. 
Dig,  v.jk^-  hafar. 
Digest,  V.  (in  the  stomach),  M^alb 

(to  reduce  to  order),  Ja3 

Digested  (as  meat,  etc.), 

(^y^i^  muhdikm\  (arranged), 
muraitahf  (^^o:^  fnarasftw. 


DIL 


(595) 


DDf 


Digester,  t .  Jt^a^mtikMm ;  (arranger), 

sia\j  ndzm. 
Digestible,  wigv»  ^anhaiim;  (capable  of 

being  arranged),  a11s:u]I\  Jj\i  idM  al 

Digestion  (of  food),  f^^atb  hadm^  Kedioine, 
or  anything  assisting  digestion,  /X^ 
hadddm. 
Digestive,  the  digestive    power,   iyi] 

iA^\^\  al  Hw(U  d  hdHmid. 
Dight,  «.  ^j  ta^<m.     See  To  Deck, 

Dress,  Adorn. 
Dignified,   cJ^    mmharraf^  <— ^j^ 
Bharif,  jddl  jj  sa  0^  hadr.    To  be 
dignified,  uJ^  tasharraf. 
Dignify,  p.  /b/\  akrtm. 
Dignitary,  t.  £aJ^j  i....%^l^«d^1^t9asl/^a^. 
Dignity,   iJ^   tnartabai,   ^\J^    ihdn, 
•Ji  Itadr,  ijdS  htdrat,  i^^^nm  man- 
:     sabf   imJ^jJa  ^araf,  h%^fj>^  huHmat, 
is^jt^  darqfa^r  Xl^  mofisafa^     The 
.:    royal  dignity,  ^^laLi  «a/i0afMi^*  Sapreme 
^     dignity,    iJiXa  ioddrat.       High  in 

dignity,  j JiS\  J-i^r  jalil  al  ladr. 

.Digress,   v.   ^yj    ^^^^\  ^js,  ^^ 

r .    \^)j^^  kharqf  ^  al  madmHn  hinaw^ 

^ .    ul  i^ir&d.     See  Expiate,   Wander, 

Deviate.  A  digression,  ^jfi\^^  i^ttrdd. 

.  jHke,  jLa  «<M^,  ^^iL«  iukir.     See  Bank, 

.    Monnd,  Ditch. 

'  Dilate,  Jc^f  imtad.   See  Extend,  Spread 

"^  out;   Eelatc  diflFdsely,  Widen,  Grow 

'  *"  Mlatorinees,  vj^y  tuwdni.  [wide. 

dilatory,  ii^^t  ^Lu  hatl  al  harahat. 

Hlemma,  f.  S^«»-  Alrtf^,  <Uj)    law^at, 

^     ^Jd^  rmuhkU.     See  Perplexity. 

Hligenoe,  l^luJ  9mw^^,  AtcJbt  t^^trndm. 


Diligent,   Jua^   mukayyad,    %^^  rv-L^ 

«d^f,  «3uAs^  imito^yM^,  To  be  dili- 
gent, Jua7  takctyyad,  ^Ji  Idtam,  JJ^l>* 
y«Aitf.  DUigently,  J^|x>>jJ^  J^  ^M 
/oi  «J«  jahd.  [  ^^  waddak . 

Dilneidate,  9.  ^  ^ajfyofi,  .^  sharah, 
Dilute,  9.  (^..aAj^  i^Aa/a/.  To  dilate  wine 
with  water,  Uil^  w\yLi\  ^J^  tnoBOf 

acA«Aardft  wdlmd. 
Dilated,  ^^Jt  manwaj.    Dilated  wine, 

Uj  TTJlJ^y^^  ihamr  momsO;  hmd, 
Diluter,  «.  ^^^  mura^l. 
Dilation,  Ji»-  Aa/* 

Dilavian,  (jU^  tawafdn^.  [lim. 

Dim  (obeoore),  ^iM^  mu^im^  Jda^  m«s- 
Dimenaion,  ^1«xL«  mukddfp  ijutj  tMS^i, 

Diminish,  p.  (make  less),  Jli  haUal,jfLa 
sayhyhary  ^joAi  naikas ;  (to  grow  less), 

Jj  half  Jt^y^  sdr  JsahL 
Diminished,  ^/oili   ndkis.     Diminished 

in  price  or  valae,  la^U  munhat. 
Diminution,  ^^^  naks,  ^LaAJ  nuksdn, 

J-Ui-  taklll. 
Diminutive,     Jt«a^   musayhghar,    JLL« 

mukallah      A  diminutive  noun,    ^t 

^#.<.tf;!\  urn  al  taaghir. 
Diminutively,  J^JlaiJU  hiUaJdtl, 
Diminutivene8s,^^Ai^  ntghr. 
Dimness,  Ia^  udmat.  Dimness  of  sight, 

jAi\  XJl^  udnuU  al  hasar. 
Din,  ^UJi  Bhamdta^  ^jl^  wdkoM, 

Dine,  4^<J^  Ughadda\ 
Ding.   See  Dash,  Bluster,  Hufil 
Dining-room,  aUL!  t  J^r^  mahall  atta^dm. 
Dinner,  aUL  ta^dm,  \*xi  ghadd. 
Dinner-time,  \*>ii\  kr.J|^  wM  dlghadd. 


DI3 


(596) 


DIS 


Dint  (impression),  jUl  asdr;  (conta8ion)| 
(jM^  hars ;  (blow),  ifj^a  darhat  \ 
(force,  power),  j^\  %awr,  iji  kuwat. 

Dip,  fj*A2£,  ghattUf  w«0  Mibagh, 

Diploma,  JCi^i  ianad. 

Dire,  4»i^^  mukhaiwmf. 

Direct,  S^^  '^^^  (»j?^"*^*^  mtM^ifelfii; 

(not  ambiguous),  ^tj  wddih. 

Direct,  v.  (instruct),  c^jI  aMab;  (to 
point  out  the  way),  Jj  daU,  ^jjjb 
hada\  Jul^l  arshad ;    (to  prescribe), 

^f  amr,  f^^»-  hakam ;  (to  adjust),  |Ja3 

nasam. 
Directed  (led),  Jjc^^  mundal,  i^*ys>^ 

tnuhtadli  (regulated),  ^-^^  muriUt4^. 
Direction,  j\J^j\  irshdd;  (preoept),  m^j 

raim;  (command),^^!  amr,  jL>^hukm; 

(path),  fjijb  tarlk;  (um),  J^aS  kasd, 

ftjs.  ^osm,  (jo^  gharad.    A  direotion- 

word  under  the  last  line  of  a  page, 
and  repeated  at  the  top  of  the  follow- 
ing page,  catch-word,  )aAj  rdhiU 

Director,  «.  (guide),  J^f«3  dalnl;  (in- 
structor), 6J^y  murshid,jJj^  mushir. 

Directly  (in  a  straight  line),  ^^^Jiam^L^ 
hi  khatt  mustakim;  (immediately),  ^i 
JLsll  /l7  hdl;  (without  ambiguity), 

H^Jii  ^J  ^^  min  dan  shubhaL 

Direful.     See  Dire. 

Direness.     See  Horror. 

Dirk,  8.y^:>-  hhanjar.     See  Dagger. . 

Dirt,  ^j  woiakhf  XJljJ  zubdlaL 

Dirtiness,  ^^  toasakh,  ^[ofT  najdtat. 

Dirty,  ^j  «^fl«M,  {j**sfr  nqfu. 

Dirty,  v.  ^j  tDOSsakh,  ^j*^  najjat. 

Dis,  as  a  privatiTe,  is  expressed  in  com- 
position by^^^  Ughagr,  ^^jj  hidUn, 


i  Id,  \^  md,  ^«Xfi  ^dam,  and  |»jJl£ 
^o^m,  as: — 
Disability,  ij\i^\  aJlc  ^adam  td  hafdy^t. 

Disable,  v.  L,a*.^  dSs^^o/l 

Disabuse,  v.  laUll  ^  ^^5^  foAAo'  mim. 

al  ghakU, 
Disaccustom,  r.  See  Disuse.        [darar. 
Disadyantage,  disadyantageouBneaa,  jjJ 
Disadvantageous,  if jjUII  i*J[<Xc  ^adlm  d 

fdyidatjA^  mudirr.  [imcitrr. 

Disadyantageously,^^.^^^^  hi  wajhn 
Disaffect,  v*  See  Discontent  (to  dislike). 
Disaffected,  J  i  ;,r«i^  mutanaffir,  ^jJu% 

mu^rid*     See  Ayerse,  Diaoontented, 

Disloyal. 
Disaffection,  ijo\je\  t^rd J,  jLJ  tanajfurt 

SLaJu  hughdat.     See  Aversion. 
Disagree,  v.  (to  be  at  variance),  ^^U^ 

\yij\ij  tand%a^U,  l^laT  takhdlafi. 
Disagreeable,  ^^yJu^  j^  ghayr  makbulf 

ifjS^  makriih,  ^yj^  ghagr  muri\\ 

(contrary),  i^tsr^  mukkdlif^  ^^U^ 

mandkid,  y^k^  mughdyir. 
Disagreeableness  (unpleasantness),   m^£, 

J^^l  ^adam  al  kuhal;   (unsuitable- 

ness),  <oUI  ^  Jlc  ^adam  laydkai. 

Disagreement,  ^jifark,  i^h^\  QktQdf^ 

ilfijL^  mandzacat. 
Disallow,  V.  io  nakar,Sj\  ankar,  t^j  rod, 
Disallowable,  il:j  yunkar,Jj\A.j^  ghayr 

jdyiz. 
Disallowance,  jlC;  I  inkdr,  «^  man^ 

Disannul,  v.     See  Annul,  Vacate. 
Disappear,  9.  c-^lc  ghdh,  J.^^!  tiiia- 
Afl/,  Jlj  %dl 

Disappoint,  v,  J  J^  khmud,  c,,.^  iAoy- 

ya^.  And  he  said  to  him,  Verily  I  luiTe  ooin« 
to  thee  as  a  marriage  suitor,  dedrin^  the 
nnique  Pearl,  and  the  great  Qoeen,  the  Jewel 


W8 


(697) 


DIS 


of  the  Age,  the  daughter  of  our  nost  graeiouB 
lord  and  master  the  Kin^  of  the  Age,  and  the 
Snltan  of  the  Time !  Disappoint  not,  0  great 
King,  him  who  applieth  to  thee.  May  God 
grant  thee  the  aocomplishment  of  all  thy  wishes 

and  desiieB !  CJc^\  Ji  ^\  ^  JUi 

U  JUm»j  UHj^  uu^  U^J^  ijIby>'l4Jiafi\ 

Disappointed,    c^U>-   kkdffih,    (^jj^^ 

mahrUm,  J^Jlst^  maJth%ill. 
Disappointed  (to  be),  c^ls^  khdh. 
Disappointment,  <U»jw  khayhat. 
Disapprobation,    J^aa!!  aJlc  ^am  al 

hMl,j\L\  inidr. 
Disapprove,  v.^'A  ankar,  ^J  tam* 

Disarm,  r.  JLJI  J  lam  atsildh. 

Disarray,  r.     See  Disband,  Strip. 
Disaster,  »,Li^^»a^mtUibdt,  iJb\^yddhiyai, 

h  laid. 
Disastrous,  ^y^^  maf^Hs, 
Disastrously,  j^j^a^t^,  hikol  nahsm. 

Disavow,  v.jCj\  ankar, ^  nakar,  Ss^ 

jahad,  \J(fhd,  l,  A»»y  ialb. 

Disavowal,  J^\  inkar,  ^Jo  nafif  tXs^ 

Disband,   9.   ^jJ  farrt^,   jitl   atiak, 
k£^''*J^  sKattaL     To  disband  an  army, 
■.CmuhH  (j:..^-Jj  shattat  al  ^aakar. 
Disbanded,  ^j:,^Jm.^  mushaUai, 
Disbelief,  ^Uj)1  /*«X£  ^adam  al  a^fmdn. 
Disbelieve, «.  ^\  U  md  aman,  OArLct  U 

md  i^takadfji^  Jta/ar,  J^\  ankar. 
Disbeliever,  9.  ^c*^  munkir,  ji\^  k&fir, 

^yjf^  9kayir  mamin, 
Disbnrden,  v.  (ease  of  a  load),  ^.bS^ 
^yA^\  khaffiifai  Kami;  (to  tbrow  off 

a  burden),  y^A^\  Jji  naoMl  al  haml. 
Disburse,  v.^^  hharajf  i^j^  aaraf. 


Disbursement,  ^^  khaiy\  (— ^  ^^f* 

i^^jA^  nuurHif. 
Discern,  v.  (see),^  notary  (to  distin- 

g:uish),  j^  mayyan,  jy\  afrag.  To 
disoem  the  true  from  the  false,  J^ 
Ji^Ul  ^  j;Jl  /orai^  a/  hak  min  al 
hdta. 

Discerned,  ji^ia:!^  man»iir» 

Discemer,  «•  (observer),  jl^U  ndsfir ;  (a 

distinguisher),^^  nrnmoffyisL 

Discernible,  Jiak)  yMmoTy  j^oi^  man^Hr. 
Discemiblene8s,^Ja3  naMr,J^  tamyiz. 

Discemibly,  U^J  Jij  Ukd  tamyiz. 

DiscenuDg,  adj.  Jilc  ^Jdlf  ^.-^.^Lg 

Ji£  idhtb  ^M,  J^  i^^r^\00  sdhib 

tamyit.  \wafard$aU 

Discerningly,  <L4^^  (J£c  |J^  ^ti^^  ^ai(/ 

Discernment,  J^  tamyit,  Jifi  ^a^/, 
^1^  fardsaC. 

Discbaige,  if.  (dismiss,  release),  ^^\ 
aUak\  (to  perform,  execate),  J^f  ^mal, 
J^l  «ib»a/.  To  discharge  {fir  pay)  a 
debt,  y;J[ji^  ^^  wafa*  addayin.  To 
discharge  a  soldier,  ^J"^^  jJJ^^ 
a^^  ai  ^askari.  To  discharge  from 
an  office,  Jjf  ^aso/.    To  discharge  or 

acquit  of  a  crime,  jkc  ghafar.  To 
discharge  fire-arms,  ^^\  atlak.  To 
discharge  one's  duty,  ^^^^^1  ^ 
aJifi  tammam  al  wdjib  ^Ihu 
Discharge,  <.  (dismission),  ^U?^  tV/di^, 
J^  ^ad;  (leave,  license  to  depart), 

i^arkj  rtMuat ;  ij\>'\  ffdiot,  ^  jl  i<i> ; 

(absolution  from  a  crime),  ^\/^  ffhu- 

frdn;  (an  exception  or  privilege),  i\^ 

hardt;    (performance),    ^^ax.   ^amal; 

(ransom),  \jifidd.     The  discharge  of 

a  gun,  iiijj\^\  (j*»^^  kuwda  al  hdrHdai* 


SIS 


(598) 


DIS 


Hediflchargedthe  guiif  if  Jj^Ut  i/*y^ 

hu  kawfOM  al  hdr^Ldak 
DiBcbargedy  ^jieLs:^  mulhalUi,  etc. 
Disciple,  «.  ^t^  «tfii»^  JuJj  talmU, 

A  diflciple  of  Chzisty  AjJj  ^ofaifs  (pi. 

Discipline  (edacatioxi),  <Ljy  ^3f^«^, 
Vi^^jIJ  tdM,  c^j!  iK^f^;  (regula- 
tion), L«J  daM.  ICilitarj  discipline, 
^XmjiSI  Ixm^  <M^  o/  ^Mi»r ;  (mortifica- 
tion),  £»l«\  tmoM. 

Discipline,   v.  (educate),  c^ul  adddb; 

(to  hold  in  sabjection),  ixhJ  d«^. 

To  discipline   an  wnoj,  jLuji\  la^ 

dahat  al  ^Mskar.  \h%U 

Disciplined, ,«{/«  fnHriMa\  )oy0^A^  mad' 

Disclaim,  v.  ^\  anJoar.    See  Disavow, 

Disown,  Benounce. 
Disclose,  V.  cjLl^  huihaf^  j^\  oihar. 

To  disclose  a  ^ecret,^\  u.il^  ka$haf 

al  nrr.  [muhkoBhif. 

Disclosed,  uJyuCi  ma^AiI/!  ^.ttuij^.;^ 

Discloser,  <•  cflAl^  kdshifj  ^J^Jt^  mu^n, 

Disolosare,  j^\  i%hdr.     See  Disooyery. 

Discomfit,  Lm.'^r  ghalab. 

Discomfit,  discomfiture,  f']j^\  inhiwam, 

lAJ\tb  hasHmat, 
Discomfort,  foghorn. 

Discommendable.     See  Blamable. 
Discommendation,   See  Blame,  Censure. 
Discommode,  v.  etc.    See  Incommode. 
Discompose,  v,  (the  mind),^I>-  hayyoTf 

JUI  ^^  ehawuHuh  aJ  hdl;  (io  put 

out  of  order),  laJ^^  hkarhat. 

Discomposed,  JU\  ^yLx^  mutMhaW' 

wish  al  hah  [hdL 

Discomposure,  JLH  JSjJ^  taehwlsh  al 

Disconcert,  v.  (a  design),  ^jjix.  -^Jm, 


«Xc    t,adam  al 


Disconcerted,  JUt 

fouh  al  hdl,  J^si^  maiks^, 
Disconformitj,  i^sjUall   a«Xc   ^ 

nmidhaJsal. 
Disconsolate,  ^X^  )  ^  yuUuaUm 
Disconsolately,  LJuisIl  ^J^ 

wqfhm  ^im  altatliyat. 
Disconsolateness,  ^Juusll  a« 

tasltyai* 
Discontent,  discontented,  Ln 

ffhayir  nmbsut,  ^\jj^  ghofir  roA. 
Discontent,  discontentedness,  L?^^  m^z 

^adam  arridd,  jjj*^\  i»«^  ^adam  at- 

Discontent,  v,  <^^«riM  aghdah* 
Discontinuance,  cJiy  ta^paiimf;    (dis- 

rupture),  JLoaj  t  inJUdl,  c\kft3  ^  mH/^^. 
Discontinue,  i?.  <«^^  tawMMf  4^ 

faragh.  [khdlafoL 

Discord,  uJ)b^f  ti^^Od/,  ^Ur^   mi- 
Discord,  f?«  Jh^t^U  flia  trS/xifc,    4^l»» 

khalaf,  [munamauat^ 

Discordance,  ^fiSlsr^  makhdlafat^  ^:rjU^ 
Discordant,  ^\y^j^  ghayir  mmDofik^ 

\^  Isr^  mukhalif.  Discordant  in  music, 

^UjcJ\  i^tXc  ^oioM  annaghmat. 
Discordantly,  ijBi3\yj^  ^^  min  ^kayir 

muwdfakat,i&[s^J^^  bikolmukhdlafai. 
Discover,  v,  (pablish),^^!  aahar, 

kaihaf. 
Disooyevable,  ^,ftaiC;^  gankM^, 

J^'iS  kdUl  ul  iuhar. 
Discovered  (revealed),  uJyLL* 

ciA^ii^  munkaihif.   I  know  not  from 

what  countiy  this  man  has  come :  no  one  but 
he  could  ever  pse  such  boldness  towmrds  me. 
I  fear  that  whkh  has  happened  to  me  may  he 
discovered,  and  especially  since  it  concerns  & 
man  who  is  neither  of  my  family  nor  of  mj 

equals,  U'U-  ^jji  ^\  ^j^  ^^jj\  U, 


Ji^ 


DIS 


(599) 


DIS 


DiBooTereTy  #•  uJll^  buhhtf. 
Discovery    (revealing),  jLfi^l    tEhdr, 

uJll^l  inki$hdf. 
Discoont  (abatement  in  a  bargain),  ]o\jL»\ 

ishdi,  A^^gw  hhaim\  (sabtraction);  )o\slJ\ 

iskdt. 
Discount,  V.  ^^^.^f^  khasam,  ^ki  laioc. 
Disconntenance,  v,  ^>^  mana^ 
Disconrage,  v,  (deter),  L^y>^  khawwaf* 

Discouraged  (deterred),  cJjicLt  muta- 

khawwif. 
Discourager,  «.  uJjir^  mukhawtoif. 
Discouragement  (impediment),    r    *-  -r 

flkiii^;  (deterring),  (..aj^ssr  ^Aurl/', 
Jj  J^  iahdid. 
Discourse,  (^ILs;^  ihitdh,  L^\Lt  mu- 
kdlamat,  ^^j^^  mwt&karat;  (a  ha- 
rangue), Lia:^  khuthat;  (a  treatise), 
l\L»j  rasdlat,  A  short  nervous  dis- 
course,   Us^j  /»K  ^/dm  f^o/ts.     And 

he  said  to  him,  0  dog  of  men,  doth  such  an 
one  aa  thyself  address  me  with  theae  worda  P 
and  dost  thou  mention  my  daughter  in  the  aa- 
aembliea,  and  nr  that  the  son  of  thy  sister  is 
her  e^ual  f  Who  then  art  thoo,  and  who  is 
thy  sister,  and  who  is  her  son,  and  who  waa 
his  father,  that  thou  sayest  to  me  these 
words,  and  addressest  me  with  this  disoouzae  P 


Discourse,  v.  (converse),  Jilj  takaBon, 


Discourteous,  oj\  )b  UZd  ocB. 
Discredit,  jl^f  /%  J^fi  ^<K2tim  i^ibdr. 

Discredit,  i^.  (not  to  believe),  jJc^  U 
md  ioddak ;  (to  deprive  of  credibility), 
dj^  Cjj  nma^iimaho;  (to  disgrace), 

i^jCjtS  katar  ^daho. 
Discredited,  jLixl  ^  U  md  laho  i^thdr, 
o\ass\  ^uIa  l«  md  ^aM»  i^imdd. 

Discreet  (prudent),  ^JJ  ^.^^iwl^  <dAt9 
i^M^kr;  (modest),  c^ol  ^^««»-U«dAfft 

Discreetly,  ijt:^^  J^  J^  ^^^  t9^  *^ 
Discreetness,  ^^ai^j  ioffm^,  Jac  ^/, 

Discrepance,  uJll&fl^t  HhMdf,  (Jjifark^ 
Discrepant,  ujgllc^  muJJidliffjAk^  mn- 
gh&yir,  ^.oiL^  mtmd^ti?.     [junctive. 
Discrete.   See  Distinct,  Disjointed,  Dis- 
Discretion   (prudence),  jUsl/s^  mtiydn, 
j^   tamyitf   ij^^   hiuirat,   ]ffLp,>'\ 
ihtiydtf  2rLJl  %nt%bdh\  (liberty  of  act- 
ing at  pleasure),  jL:;£>^\  ikhtiydr,  i^\i\ 
tbdhat,  i\^}^  WaddU  [haddad. 

Discretionary,    OSsf*  j^  ghayir  m«- 
Discriminate,  r.  U^  mayyan,  ^farak. 
Discriminated,  ^^/^  mafrUk 
Discrimination,;  Li^l  %mtiyd%f\^  iam- 

Discriminative,  S^farkl.  [iaadkarH, 
Discuss,  9.  \^^\S»  taddwdlilf  ]^/^^ 
Discussed,  ^^^^  mafhUi. 

Discusser,  «•  ^joi^  muta/ahhis,  ^Ju:iA^ 

mufattuh. 
Discussion,  (jJ^ac  tahklk,  {J*iP^  W' 

tUh,  fjiis^  tafahhua,  jo\a^\  ifiihAs, 

i^wj\  Mihdtt  ^l^w\  tm^t%d». 
Disdain,  ij\jb\  ihdnat. 
Disdain,  v.  j&^  hakar,  ^Ul  ahdn. 
Disdained,  ^lf«  muhdn,  Jojs^  muhtakar. 


DIS 


(600) 


DIS 


Disdainfal,  ^^^\m^    musiahkir, 

mutakahhir* 
Pisdainfullyi  jlb>.\  Jij  hikol  ihiikdr. 

See  GontemptaoQBly. 
Disdamfdlneas.     See  Disdain. 
Disease,  {joj^  marad  (pL  {Jb^j^^  amrdd). 

A  disease  inherent  in  the  constitationy 

^Ljf-  ijoj^  murad  jihtttl  (pi.  jj^|/«^ 

JLLs^-  amradjibittiyat),  A  corroding 
disease,  i^\  aJcUaU  An  epidemical 
disease,   (j^U?    td^n.     Pestilential 

diseases,  L'U  ^  \Jb^j^\  amrddwa  haHyat. ' 
Phlegmatic  diseases,  <<j. >♦.■»■),) fjs\;^\ 
amrud  hal  ghatniyat,  Yarions  diseases, 
is^zJs^  i^\j^\  amr&dmukhtdlifat*  The 
crisis  of  a  disease,  ^/^^  ImhirAn.  To 
feign  a  disease,  \joj\a2  tamdrad,  ^^f 
^j^r^  ^^  lomal  hdldho  marld. 

Diseased,  ^/a^  marld. 

Disembark,  v,  (to  come  to  land),  Ji  ^p 
nezel  lU  barr. 

Disembroil,  v.     See  To  disengage. 

Disengage,  t^.  (separate),  ^ji  farak; 
(to  liberate),  ^^/^j^  hhallas;  (to  ex- 
tricate), JiCoA^l  J»-  hal  al  mashkal. 

And  after  I  loosed  my  turban  from  it,  and  dis- 
enga^  it  from  its  foot,  shaking,  as  I  did  so, 

I  walked  away,  ^A^^  ls^-i^j  U  Jaj^ 

Disengaged,  ^Ji^U  muiakhalli,  ij\3 
fdrigh.  [khtliU. 

Disengagedness,  disengagement,  ^^^^ 

Disentangle,  disenthral,  i^.  CSifak,  J.>> 
M. 

Disesteem.     See  Disregard,  Disrespect. 

Disfavour,  v.     See  To  Discountenance. 

Disfigure,  v.  See  To  Deform,  Deface, 
Disguise,  Destroy,  Mangle. 


Disfiguration,  disfigurement.  See  De- 
facement, Deformity. 

Disfranchisement,  J^^^  ^J'*'^  nuJadn 
ha  hukuk.  [Strip. 

Disfumish,  f  •  SeeToTJnfiimish,  Deprive. 

Disgamish,  v.  (strip  of  ornaments),  4t\j 

Diverge,  v.  iJG^\  Utafragh, 

Disgrace  (disgracefulness),  lb  haUd^  <iijir< 

miuahat  iSj  nakhatf  Ljb\j  ddhiyat. 

Disgrace  (removal  from  place  or  £Eivonr), 

Disgrace,  v,  i,,  X)  nakdb^  ^Jlb  i^.  >^^fir 
^Aoiti^  ^a/a',  ^*^  fadahf  ^^  i^aSuJi 
ijoj  Oikataho  min  nofsariho,  KtX  "» 
haiak ;  (to  put  out  of  office  or  favour), 

Disgraced,  L^>^Cv^  mankub,   ^^  LiL 

JaJl  <aifet<  mtn  annanar,  ^^^^^  wnm- 

fadih ;  (turned  out  of  favour  or  office), 

Disgraceful,  i^7^x^  ma^ynh. 
Disguise,  r.  iJ^^  akhfa*. 
Disguise,  ijya  iHrai,  Ufi>-1  tkhfd. 

Disguised,  ^^i*****^^  mtUnuukhir,  Jj^ 
tnuhaddah  [^»\Jc^\  utikrdh. 

Disgust,  i^\/  hardhiyatf    h^    karak, 

Disgust,  V.  ^2yJ'^  naffarmmf  uJJ  karraf. 

Disgusted,  ^U^  karfdn. 

Disgustful,  disgusting,  xJjx*/*^  wtuttak" 
rah,  i%S^  makruh,  6j^  karlh,  i^C« 
mukarrih. 

Dish,  *.  ^JSf^  iahn  (pi.  ^yss^  ntkun). 

And  dishes  of  varied  dainties  are  more  agree- 
able to  thee  than  religions  books ;  and  sport 
with  comrades  is  more  delightful  to  thee  than 

reading  the  Kuran,,^flf  c:;V^^  ^Iss^^ 

J\j^\  5jij  ^  Ci3  fjiJl 


SIS 


(601) 


DIS 


Dishonest  (fraadolent),  i^sslelL«  muld- 

Dishonestly,  ^W^  ii^  ^*^^  ^«^dfui^ 

Dishonesty,  ^\^  ihtydnaif  jL^  mahr. 

Dishonour,  uJ^t  f^tiA^adamtul^hairaf^ 

iw'^jfi  ^h.  Bather  fire  than  dis- 
honour: be  master  of  thyielf,  and  fly  from 
disgraoe  and  diBhononr,  thoogh  it  be  to  tne  fire, 

Dishonour,  9.  (disgrace),  ^  fadah ;  (to 

violate  chastity),  ij^yi\  cl^Ub  hatak 

al^vrd. 
Dishonourable,  c^^^x/*  ma^ffHh* 
Dishonoured,  ^^^^^  mimfadih. 
Disinclination  (want  of  afiection),  aJla 

<Ujs^\  ^adam  al  muhahhat ;  (dislike), 

»)/sJi  Utihr&h.     See  Slight. 
Disinclined  (to  be),  f  •  (to  be  ayerse  to), 

^j^y^  f^far  min,  ifjc>^\  utakrah. 
Disingenuity,    disingenuousness,  aJu.£ 

^jA^1\  ^adam  al  ilMdi,  jIa3  nafdk^ 

Disingenuous,  ^^^pry^  muwqfhan. 
Disingenuously,  ^U;  Jij  hikol  naflik^ 
JlL»-  Jio  hihol  hllaU  \m\r&8. 

Disinherison,  d^t^^l  a\S£\  i^addm  al 

Disinherit,  v.  kL>\j*A^\  ^  (^j^  ahram 
mm  al  mirdt.  [gharad* 

Disinterested,  {^Jf^\  \Jf^^'^  hhdll  al 
Disinterestedness,  ^^^^  khuliU. 
Disjoin,  v.  Jji  farak,  J»a3  fasal. 

Dierjoined  (diqunct),   Jj^^—a^  mafrUk, 

munfastl,    ^ViS;^   mtmkati^, 
mtmfak. 
Disjunction,  j|^Uyi(«rdifc,  c^!bSj\inkiUL^. 

Disjqnctiye,  Jj^  mufarrik. 
DiFJunotively,  (ji/s^\i  hiltafflk. 


Disk  or  disc  (^Euse  of  the  sun,  moon, 
or  other  planet),  AjP^jirm, 

Diskindness.    Bee  Unkindness,  Injury. 
Dislike,  x^  karah,  9\^^  utikrdh. 
Dislike,  v.  gJizmA  utakrah. 
Dislocate,   1^.  C^  fak,   cKO  Mkak, 

^LsK  khala^.  U^f 

Dislocated,  Ci^Ai^  ffiMw/U,  9ji^  makh' 
Dislocation,  cLii]  tnkhild^.         [tarad. 
Dislodge,  v.  (expel),  *r/^^  akhraj,  djo 
Disloyal,  ^le^  khdyin. 
Disloyally,  h\^  Jio  hikol  kMydnai, 
Disloyalty,  ij\^  khiydnat,  j*\£.  ghadr. 
Dismal  (horrible),  uJjs^  mukhawmf, 

J^l^  muhaunoU;  (mournful),  f^y^^ 

maghmilm. 
Dismally  (horribly),  J^f>«^^^  hiwqjHin 

muhikl\  sorrowfully,  a^  J^  hikdgham. 

Dismalness  (horror),  uJ^  kawf\  (sor- 
row), M^  gham* 

Dismantle,  r.  (strip),   i/*^  salakh.     To 

dismantle  a  town  or  castle,  /%  JJb  hadam, 

Dismask,  9.  L^\ki\  ^j  rafa^  al  nikdh. 

Dismay,  v.  L^y>-  khatptoaf,  c^^JiSSf  ^LS 

kata^  al  kaV>. 
Dismay,  Jy^  hawl. 

Dismayed,    L^^y  mar^h.      Be  not 

diimayed  though  for  a  short  time  thou  be 
|>oor,  for  in  length  of  time  thon  wilt  be  re- 
lieve ;  and  despair  not,  since  despair  is  infi- 
delity; it  may  De  that  God  wUl  soon  make 

thee  rich,  C«jJ  cuy^xl  ^1j  ^La^li 

Dismember,  v,  mJ  koBmrn,  J^^^  fastah 

Dismiss,  v.  (gire  liberty  or  leave  of  de- 
parture), jJJ^f  atlak;  (send  away), 
J^J  doihthar.     To  dismiss  from  an 


SIS 


(602) 


DIS 


m 

Dismissed  (deprived)^  J*)*^  ma^uU 
Dismission,  t»a:>'j  ruJUuat,  el J^  wadd^ 
ij\^\  ^'d%at,  ^joL^  Ualdi,  ^jt  tm. 

Dismount,  v,  ^^Jj  naaal;  (to  descend 

from  an  elevation),  Jp  tuusal.     And 

when  they  drew  near  to  the  royal  palace,  the 
King  dismounted  to  wait  upon  his  son,  and 
he  and  all  the  princes  and  lords  of  the  empire 
were  his  cresset-bearers  (i.e,  bearing  on  their 
shoulders,  each  in  his  turn,  an  embroidered 

saddle-oover,  calledffaahiifnh),\yj\j  U)i 

Disobedience,  ^ullall  i%  Jlc  ^adam  al  td^t, 
isiXss^  mukhdlafat,  ^Ltoe  ^tMyan. 

Disobedient^  ^^U  ^dtH,  l^I^  mti- 
khalif.  [^U^U  md  td^. 

Disobey,  v.  l^\^  khdlaf,  SjAj  tamarrad, 

Disoblige,  v,  Jxj  sa^^a/,  ^U  ifhdd  (for 

Disobliged.    See  Disgusted,  Displeased. 
Disorder  (irregolarity),  i*lla:Jl  aJ^  ^adam 

annwdm,  l-^^w^I  ^Ac  ^adam  attartlh, 

*  JU.  ifeAaW,  JlLflLl  ikhtadl;  (tumult), 

^:ci  fitnat\   (perturbation),  c^Usu^t 

idtirdh;  (indisposition),  ^jio^  moriM^. 

Disorder,  r.  (confuse),  Ji^L  J^  ^nud 
khalid,  Sai^  kharhat. 

Disordered,  disorderly,  <«--^w*7^  Sb  ^iZa 
^ni,  ^jS^  mukharhati  (tumultu- 
ous), aU^I^^  i^r  uZ  st'Adm ;  (law- 
less),   ^/Jl  uJ)U.  khUdf  Mhihari; 

(▼idouB,  disordinate),  Cy>^^  ma^ffHh^ 
iXkiU  /d«M^.     Disordered  in  his  senses, 

Disown,  v,jLj\  ankar,  J^  nakar,  JcsfT 
Disowned,  jili^  munkar;  j^J>^  tnankdr* 


«•  • 


Disparage,  9.  /« J  siifiM,  ^^  ia^mh 

*****  *-r4*  t.^y«**         [(•'i  « 
Disparagement,  Z«1L«  nuddmat,  ^^yio  ta^m. 

Disparity,  UlL^\  tkhtOdf,  ^Mi. 

Dispassionate,  ^fUi  ft^  ialim  tttUh^ 
jtA^  hallm. 

Dispatch  or  despatch,  9,  (send),  (J«^^ 
arsal;  (accomplish,  finish),  maJ  tarn-' 
num;  (to  kill),  JiJ  katal.  To  dis- 
patch an  ambassador,  ^cf^^  t^j^  ^^ 

deM.  [  J!^«^  ^^' 

Dispatch,    JL};^    indl  \    (expedition), 
Dispatched  (sent),  J^-j;^  manuli  (ex- 
pedited),  J«js*^  mtcyW;    (finished), 
I«l7  ^dm ;  (killed),  JyX«  mai&m/. 
Dispel,  V.  jjb  tarad,  lt-^cJ*  shattat» 
Dispelled,  ^^^  matr^. 
Dispensary,  «.  <0  If^Us*-^  afadkhdnm^ 
Dispensation  (distribution),  a^mmaJ  <ai- 

**'^'  trJy  ^**^^t'  Jij^  ^^* '  (^' 
emption),  arliU^  mti^d/^A. 

Dispense,  «.  amJ  kassam,  cj^  f^fflEStf^* 

Dispeople,  r.     See  Depopulate. 
Disperse,  r.  cs^^r.^  »hattai,  j^yb  hasuam. 

Dispersed,  tjL^'Xurn^  nrnUuhattU^  JJs^ 

mutafarrad.    To  be  dispersed,  (,s^r.iMy 

taahaftat. 
Dispersedly,  jiz-^^pJltSJ  hitashiUin. 
Dispersion,  dispersedness,  c::,^j:JtJ  task' 

tit,  (J^  tafrik. 
Displace,  9.  (put  out  of  place),  «Ji  iaia^, 

Qjj  nata^;   (to  remoYe  from  office), 

Displant,  v.  (trees,  etc.),  ^Lj  ibii£r^. 
Display,  r.  (spread  wide),  J^  madd,  Lw 

^OM^,  ^^^  /otmA  ;  (to  exhibit),^.^^ 

ashar.  When  she  looketh  aside,  she  pntteih 
to  shame  the  wild  cows  and  the  nzeUes ;  and 
when  she  walketh  with  a  Taoillatuig  gait,  th« 


SIS 


(608) 


DIS 


willow-bniiieli  is  enTioDs ;  and  when  she  dis* 
playeth  her  countenance,  she  confonndeth  the 
nin  and  the  moon,  and  captiTateth  every  he- 
holder:   she  is  sweet-tipped,  and  tender  in 


Display,  f.^l^S^t  iuhdr. 

Displayed,  JjSf  mamdud,  ^^/^  W* 

Displease,  9.  Ivlc^  agha%.  And  I  abhor 
his  £iice,  and  detest  being  in  his  company !  If 
I  did  not  fear  to  displease  thee,  I  woolo,  he- 
fore  the  rising  of  the  snn,  reduce  his  city  to 
ruins,  so  that  the  owl  and  the  raren  should 


cry  in  it !  iuss^  yj^S  ^jy^  i^'  ^!^ 

Displeasing,  adj.  i^J^  mahrAh, 
Displeasure,  i9lf1^.*^Cj  taidlr  alhhdtir. 
Disposal  (arrangement),  s^^J^  tartlh, 
^UkJ^  inU%dm;  (distribution),  ^jy 

iam\,  Jijsu  ta/rik,  J-.^  W'^^l 
(power),  ^Ui2w\  tkhtiydr;  (govern- 
ment), jii*y^  tadhlr,  Uj^  hirdsat, 

JaA>-  hafit.  And  tbey  all  turned  their 
facet  towards  him,  and  said.  We  are  all  at 
your  disposal,  and  whatsoever  thou  demandest 
wewUldoit  But  tell  us  thy  tale,  and  oonceal 

not  from  OS  aught  of  tby  affairs,  ^^lisSli 

•  cL<SU.  j^  lit  l:^  l^iOXj ♦vi^ 

Dispose,  V.  (arrange),  J^  nosam.  To 
dispose  of  (bestow),  ^1  an^m.  To 
dispose  of  by  legacy,  uJJ^  wakaf. 
To  dispose  of  in  the  hands  of  another, 
9  J^  wada^ 


Disposer,  $.  (bestower),  (-^^^  t^^^<^  1 
(a  goveraor,  regulator),  ^l^  hdhitn, 
J«V«  m^MbUrf  laiU?  sdi»^  laiU-  hajk, 

Disposition  (order),  ^UasJl  •n^tsdni,  JaJ 

iMSffi,  L^^w^  ^or^I^  4>1  Jjc^l  iiti^d, 

jfjj3  taihlr,  4-J^  wi/ia/,  J^>^  »wi»- 

wd/;  (temper  of  mind),  — ]^  mtso;, 

Dispossess,  9.  ^  t«  J^^-l  ^  J^i  a^Aos 
mtM  dhhud  md  ^Ao,  IsuJ  i^dia^. 

Dispossessed,  t^^)^^  matr&d. 

Dispraise.     See  Blame,  Censure* 

Disproportioni  Uy  ■^>iA'i»:*ll  /»iX£  ^a^m  o^- 
tandmh.  [attandBuib. 

Disproportion,  v,  l_  h-^'"^^  lP^^  o&^o/ 

Disproportionable,  disproportional,  dis- 
proportionate, v,^  ^..A;%H  ^tXfi  ^aiim 
attanoiub^  i^^UmS^^  yA«^  mw^dwrl. 

Disproportionably,  disproportionally,  dis- 
proportionately, c-.-1-iUi^  j--i  ^ji 
hi  wafhinghofir  muUmatib. 

Disprore,  v.  ^^\j  ndkad,  J^  roi. 

Disputable,  iu^L«  <U5  /iA«  fmmdta^. 

Disputant,  #.  (disputer),  ci^^Le  im«- 

Disputation,  cl.%flg^  50A«,  ^^Ue  mci- 
^dAofti^,  ^]^  ntsd^,  XcjL«  mundfta^, 
uJtis^]  Mtddf,  4]  jUr«  tnujddalat. 

Dispute,  V.  ^}i:i\>'  jddail,  uL^sst:  hahat. 

Dispute,  8.  Ltyo^  khuiamai,  lsj\x^ 
nwndta^at. 

Disqualification,  &U  ^  J^  ^adamhydkat. 

Disquiet,  disquietness,  disquietude,  a«X£ 

JU1  i^\j  ^addm  rdhat  al  Idl.     By 

heayen,  0  my  lord !  were  it  not  for  my  mother, 
I  could  not  endure  thy  separation ;  hut  I  en- 
treat thee,  O  my  lord,  not  to  cease  acquaintinic 
me  with  thy  good  "news,  for  the  sake  of  God 
(may  He  be  exalted  1),  that  my  mind  be  not  in 


BIS 


(604) 


DIS 


disquietude,  UJ  (Jjtl'j  !M  J^^  ill^j 

Jb  JtjyU  *JjJ  JW  ill  C^l  ^ 

Disqniet,   adf.  JUl  ^^/•  ^;;*i  y^yr 

murtdh  ul  hdl.     See  UneaBy,  BestJesB. 

Disquiet,  v.  sJ^\£L  cXc  9adda^khdtirho, 

Disqaisition,   (^m/«1   imtih&ny   ^joi^ 

iafahhua,  (jlb;«iAj  ^/l(f«A. 
Disregard  (neglect),  JUibl  tXmdf. 
Disregard,  v.  JiU}  ta^hafal,  f^AJb\  ahnal, 

^y\^  }fahawan, 
Disregardfol,  J^lf^  mutdh&mil, ys^s^ 

muhtahir.  SeeContemptaouSyl^egligent. 
Disrelish,  if  jJJI  a  Ac  ^adam  al  hmat. 

Disrelish,  v.  ifS::^\  utdkrdk* 

«• 
Disrepute,  ,^^  fadah. 

Disrespect,  |«t^i»-2l\  m,Xs>  ^odamalihiirAm, 

Disrespected,  j  k  ir^  muhdkkar.     See 

Despised. 
Disrespectful,  c^j\  L  Ula  adb,  2r jc^  U 
J^y  nut  ^andaho  tawiir* 

Disrespectfully,  ^^  h  hild  tahrlm. 

Dissatisfaction,  \tij\  mSl.  ^adam  arridd. 

Dissatisfactory,  ^j^j*i.  gha^w  murdl. 

Dissatisfied,  L^]jjt^  ghayir  rddl. 
Dissatisfy,  v,  i^j^  ^  fr^^  arda\ 
Dissect,  V,  (cut  in  pieces),  ^jJ^iharraht 
/^Ij^  l)"^  ^fnal  tathrih ;  (to  examine 

minutely),  ^.jJIjl?  J^  (^/os.^  fahas 
hikol  tadklh. 
Dissected,  ^^oL%  mukatta^ 

Dissection,  ^^C^JILj  tathrih,  ^i^oSj  iaiti^f 

iJ;m^  iafM. 
Disseize,  v.     See  Disposses. 

Dissemble,  v.  »b  Ua^^-  ^  hatam  hhatayah. 


Dissembled,  ^fis^  muktatim. 


Dissembler,!?.  (hypoerite),^L/t  fittmo/CI, 
jMj^  muuiwunr,  ^^y  murd\ 
Disseminate,  v,j^\  athhar. 
Disseminated, ^U?  %dhirf  ^l^  9^y*it 

i^&wL^  nuuhhur. 
Dissemination  (publication),  ^IfJit  M- 
tihdr,  /Xe\  uldrn^ 

Dissension,  i^ya£>^  khuHLnwt,  i,j!is^\ 
ikhtddft  jlL2a  shikdk,  ^jU^  mimd- 
%a^.   To  cause  dissension,  hsJ^]  ^j 

rama^  d  fitnat.  [inkar. 

Dissent,  J^l  /»Ac  ^adamalhihiil,Jij\ 
Dissent,  v.  A>1^w»p1,-<v.  1  ikhUdaf  rayako. 
Dissenter,  «.  v^ls^  mukhdlif. 

Dissertation^  8,  dd»^L«  muhdhata.     See 

Discourse. 
Disserrice.     See  Injury,  Uisehiefl 
Dissever,  9.  See  Break,  Divide,  Separate. 
Dissimilar,  djluL^^^  ghayir  mtuhdhiky 

ji\M   mugh&yir^   ^qI-.,^   mukhtali/. 

See  Unlike. 
Dissimilarity,  dissimilitude,  ^luL^t  j^S£. 

^adam  al  mushahahat. 
Dissimulation,  \jj  riyd,  jUj  nafdk, 

Dissipate,  r.  i.ji!j\  ailaf,  JJu  baddad, 

J^  farrak,  Jjxj  ha^Mok.  To  dissipate 

a  fortune,  ^t«  (_>^  mto/  mdlaho. 

To  dissipate  or  distract  the  attention, 

Ji«!l  (JL^  <^ei^^  al  ^.     I  found 

him  to  be  a  sitter-at-home  and  a  loiterer,  and 
discovered  him  to  be  lazy  and  addicted  to  deep. 
Now,  then,  I  had  brought  him  rich  BpjMrel 
and  honaehold  goods,  aye,  and  supernnities 
with  me ;  bat  he  oontinned  sellinf  them  away 
at  a  losing  rate,  and  consuming  their  price  in 
fforging  and  gormandizing,  till  he  had  totally 
dissipated  whatever  was  mine,  and  spent  the 
whole  of  my  fortune  on  his  own  want  and 

necessity,  ^b^Allj  *  JU2l>-  ijjo  47  j^^ 


DIS 


(605) 


DIS 


Diflsipatioo,  i_J|^\  Mrd/  (Jijij  tajrik, 
^  ,.:.t,'  tMhtlt,  JUll  U!i3\  tOaf  al 

Dissipated  (scattered),  ,^/^  mufarrak, 

Dissolyable,  dissoluble,  J-^  yunhal, 
^jaki\  ^jL^  mumkin  al  nakd,  u^^ 
ffunkad. 

Dissolubility,  ^jasi:i\  ^\i^\imtdnalnaid. 

Dissolve,  v»  ^JlaJ^  abtal,  ^J^-  hal,  ^^oMJ 
nakad,  S^^  J  nawwab.  To  dissolve  a 
marriage,  i^ji\  ^  fiuakh  anljat. 
To  dissolve  ice,  4-^^0  %au>wdb^  To 
dissolve  an  agreement,  J^  I  ^^eSu  nakad 
al  ^hd.   To  dissolve  an  enchantment, 

^jsr^\  ilio  fak  al  sihr.  To  dissolve  or 

separate  two  things,  ^Ji»  ^  ^^  ^jS 

fivrdk  sky  min  thy. 
Dissolved,  J/-^-^^  mutafarrtk,  jA-s^ 

makkU,  ^^««*A/«  tnafinkh,  ^^^aJa^^  mun- 

takid,  i^^\3  ftdyib. 
Dissolvent,   dissolver,   #.    ^li  fdsikh, 

Jl^^  mubtil,  fja3\j  ndkid. 
Dissolvent,  dissolving,  iJl^^  muhaUiU 
Dissolute,  J^  fal&tly  J^^  fi^ik,  Ju^li 

faM,    See  Debauchee. 
Dissolutely,  jLJ  J^  hikolfasad. 
Dissoluteness,  jLi/Md  J,  Uj  stnd,cJU|3l 

inhimlik^  i^^  ahahwat,  fjM*i  JUk. 
Dissolution  (demolition,  breach),  ^joSu 

nakd,  ^  M,  -^  faskh ;  (destruc- 

It 

lion),  c^ysT  takhrlhf  >»JUb  hadm; 
(death),  iZJy  mawt.  The  dissolution 
of  an  assembly,  ^jtXg^\  JJLsrl  MUdl 
al  fMJlii.  A  dissolution  of  marriage, 
isfl\!i\  ^LuaJI  tnJUAkh  anljat. 

Dissonancei  dissonant.   See  Discord,  etc. 


Dissuade,  v.  ^  ^^j  ^W^t  i?^> 
mana^  ^j^^j  rad^. 

Dissuasion,  ^1/  mumdna^t,  ^>^  man^. 
Dissuasive,  adj.  ^^  mdni^. 
Distaff,  «.  (Jj^  mayhsud.    The  spindle 
of  a  distaff,  a^  mahram, 

Distain,  v.     See  Stain,  Blot,  Tinge. 

Distance,  ^L*^  musd/at,  jju  bu^.  The 
distance  between  the  East  and  West, 
^^jJSi^\  Ojubu^d  al  moihrak^n.  Dis- 

tance  (of  time),  ix^  muddat.  Distance 
(respect),  l^j\  adah,  (^]/>^^  thtirdm, 
f^\^\  ikrdm;  (reserve,  caution,  want 

of  affection),  io^j)  hurndat.    And  the 

young  nuui  said,  0  King  of  the  Ago,  doet 
thou  know  the  distance  that  ia  between  thee 

and  thy  city?  uJkI  >h\j  d^UJI  JLLi 

Distance,  v.  (place  at  a  distance),  Smj 
ha^t^i  (to  excel  another),  _U  jli 
fdk  ^M. 

Distant,  Juaj  3a^f(^.     Favour  me  with 

some  words  of  jour  kind  conversation,  that 
you  may  show  me  pity,  so  that  my  heart  may 
De  at  rest.  From  the  excess  of  my  love  for 
yon,  and  my  transport,  I  make  hgnt  of  that 
which  makn  me  unhappy.  May  God  protect 
a  people  whose  abode  became  distant  from  me, 
and  whose  love  I  kept  in  the  best  place  of  my 

heart!  ^^  ^^^^  i^r*  ^^^  J'^ 

am 

(^j\y*  {j^  ^  ^^  *^'  \^j  *  ^  V 

Distaste,  i\J\  ikrdh,  La\J  kardhiyaL 
Dbtaste,  v.  (nauseate),  s^fz^\  Utakrdh. 
Distasteful,  ii%f^  makrHh. 
Distemper,  ^jOj^  marad,  ^^^  wtya^ 
Distemper,  v.     See  Disease,  Disorder, 
Disturb. 


BIS 


(806) 


DIS 


Distemperaie,  Jiiojt^j^ffhayirmii^iaMl, 
DiBtemperatQre,^\j  i)^b  Jt  jcxll  j^Sc 

^adam  al  t^tiddl  HI  bard  wdJhar. 
Difltempered,  ^•4'/*  fnar^dj  JjIm^  ma^nt. 

To  be  distempered,  ^f  mared. 
Distend,   r.   ^J^  fwratk^  LmJ    hxMiy 

^j^  ^arrad. 
Distended,  J^«X4b^  numtdiU^, 
Distendbn,  kuJ  hati,jtj  mukr. 
Distioh,  i.  u:^  hayt  (pL  hjIj]  tikydf). 

Distil,  9.  (drop),  \^  nakJta;  (to  distil 

spirits,  etc.)»y^  hattar.  [Ur. 

Distillation,  JLxJ\  utiktdr,  jAaSj  tak^ 

Distilled,  JiaL*  mukattar.  A  distiller, 
JaLt  mukattir. 

Distinct,  J.flftV<  munfanl,  j\s>f  mumia%, 
^b  bdyin;  (clear),  ^U^sSAtir;  (spe- 
cified, marked  out),  ^J^Jf^  mu^yatik 

Distinction, J  L:l^^  mtiyd%,  JyaA}  tafillf 
^ji  fork.  Without  distinction,  ^ji  h 
htldfark ;  (a  mark  of  distinction),  Julc 
t,aldmat;  (discernment),  Z^l^  ^rdfo^, 
Ji£  caH.  To  make  a  distinction  (give 
the  preference),  ^^J^  fj^  faddal  ^M, 

Distinctive,  J^  mumaifyii^  ^gj.>j,#»,jf 
Distinctly,    laC/^  «tffiAa»,  jIjSl^I  JXj 

Distinctness,  i^^f  imtijfd%,lkfAJ  tamyU, 
Jjifark/    ^ 

Distioguish,  v.J^  mayyan^  J»ai  /ma/, 
j^  farakj  jy  farcm. 

Distinguishable  (capable  of  being  distin- 
guished), Jj^^cl^  mutomayyas;  (worthy 

of  regard),  f^jf^^  **t^!5  ^^^^  ^ 
ihttrdm. 
Distinguished  (eminent),  J  kf  fnumtd%; 
(separated),    ^^/^    majruk,   jy^ 
mdfynur. 


DistbguieheTi  t.j^^A^  mumayyvL 

Distinguishingly,  j\p»^^  bi  iwUiydM. 
Distort,  V.  /^  baram.    To  distort  the 

countenance,  i^jlj  Uiafffw^f. 
Distorted,  i^f^  muUauH, 
Distract,  J^  Jdh(^,  JUl  J^  tkn^M 

al  bdl,  ^^  ahoMwaiKfj^  Aayyar. 

Diatractedy  ^l^  *dhl,  ^t;e>-  hayran^ 

y^scu*  muiahayyir,  i^y*»^  wtnAguv 
iMvA.  One  distracted  with  loTOf  ^^U 
^^^j^xsr*  ^hik  majnikn.     To  be   dis* 

tracted,  lf«9  iohA^  4lU  JamJI  imhmghd 

halaho.  We  have  become  distracted  in  mind, 
perplexed,  seeking  to  draw  near  widiovk  meani 
of  doing  80.  The  calamitieB  of  loTe  increase 
npon  ns,  and  the  lightest  eodaranoe  of  ion  is 

Texy  heavy  to  us,-  ^^  J^J^  \  Vj  a  t ji 

J^  UJlc  c/^^  .     In  such  a  state  I 

beffan  to  walk  in  its  streets  like  one  dlBtracted, 
and  to  roam  abont  its  qnartcrs  as  a  bird 


over  water,  IfTli^ 


Distractedly  (frantically),  ^y*aC 

Distraction,  distractedness,  fjiji\  <Ji?b^ 

ahtUdt  al  ^akl,  jUl^f^  who  al  bdl, 

^^A^yLJ    tashwUh.      Thine  image  is 

within  mine  eyelids,  and  I  think  of  thee  when 
my  heart  is  throbbing  and  when  it  is  qniet ; 
and  thy  love  has  penetrated  into  my  bones, 
and  there  it  circalates  as  does  the  jnice  in  the 
fruits  npon  the  branches.  And  when  I  sea 
thee  not,  my  bosom  is  contracted,  and  the 
censurers  excuse  me  for  my  sorrows.  O  thon 
whose  loye  has  got  possession  of  me,  and  lor 
whom  my  distraction  exceedeth  my  affection, 
fear  the  Compassionate  with  respect  to  me» 
and  be  merciM  I    Thy  love  has  made  me  to 

taste  of  death !  Iaj^  ..^^  uXil^ 


DIS 


(607) 


DIS 


*  ^jjj  4  u^)^  *-^*4^ 

Distrain,  v.    See  Distreas;  also  Seise. 
Distress  (misery),  iA^  Msai,  jr jl&  Mfif- 

in^,  j>a^  hoir,  JiA  fakr.     On  their 


seeing  her,  tiier  knew  her,  and  they  went  in 
to  her  and  embraced  her,  weeping  Tiolently ; 
and  they  said  to  her.  Verily  the  world  was 
eontracted  nnto  ns  by  reason  of  the  distress 
occasioned  bjr  thy  separation,  and  we  had  no 
ddight  in  rood  nor  in  drink  a  single  day! 

U^lcj  U«x:x  \^ii^  ^^j^  UjtjUli 

UlccuJU  ji!  IjSli^  \jj  JJ^  'Uj  I^j^ 

aIj)1  ^  U^  c^t^)^.     And  cat 

firewood  in  the  desert,  with  the  price  of  which 
thon  mayest  nomrish  thyself  until  God  dispel 
thy  distress;   bat  acquaint  no  one  with  thy 

history^  else  they  will  kill  thee,  v— cJat».  \ 

Distress,  v.  ms-  gham,  ^y»-»  ahaan^ji^^ 

Kayyar^jSp'  ^m. 
Distressed,  i^Ja^a^  mudiarth,  ^^j^^ 

mahMQn,  (^y^^  maghmUm. 
Distribute,  v.  aIj  kassam,  j^  farrak, 

Distrihated,  ^^^  mufarrak,  ^Jy  mu- 
waua^.  [iJijij  tafrlk. 

Distribution,  ^Jy  iawzl^,  (^if*^  taksim, 

Distribative,  ^<4mamAj  takslmi.  Dis- 
tribative  justice,  (Jsd\  <UmJ  kismat  dl 
haky  iAJ^\  iS\^\  al  ^adalat  al 
kdiimat. 

Distribatively  (by  distribution),  UjmmA? 
takaimany  ^Jy  tawzl^an. 

Distributor,  «.  f;^  mutron*^,  ^»mSu% 

itutluiMMitit 


District,  $•  LjJb\i0m  nmkdia^,  *Jj1 

ikhm. 
Distrust  (distmstfolness),  4fJi  shubhat, 

Dbtrust,  9.  cij*^^  ^nan  al  ghairflj 
tJCi^A  ikahfly  tiibip  tawakham. 

Distrustfal,  ^'^  khawwdny^jS^  tanndn . 
Distrustfully,  ^t^acLib  3t  Uttkhwdn. 

Disturb,  9^  c^^^l  a^^oS  nrraho,  J^ 

^Jlc  ^lLaJ  ^omo/  Boldat  ^ofo'. 
Disturbance,c^]^W'i^^d5,jL:LiAaM, 

iiSjJUnaty  Haj  takkU.  By  God !  were 
it  not  that  I  fear,  on  account  of  my  father 
being  a  captiTe  with  his  undo,  I  had  slain 
him,  and  may  GKxl  not  recompense  him  well ! 
For  how  unfortunate  was  his  coming  unto  us — 
all  this  disturbance  baring  been  effected  on 

his  account,  ^if  ^j^  uJls^l  Ijl  ^f^ 


Disturbed,  imfjjami^  mudiarib,  joL^  rnu- 
kaddar.  Disturbed  in  the  brain,  ^Jf^  J 
^jC  aUfi  ^Jlc  ddkhdl  ^la*  ^Miho 

^ad.      To  be    disturbed,    ^jr^ki^l 

idtarah,  iA3j  ^  jV^  idr  laho  aaklat. 
Disturber,  «.  ^^xCt  mukaddir. 
Disyalue,  «•     See  TJnderyalue. 
DisTclop,  V,     See  Uncover,  Unyeil. 
Disunion   (separation),   fj\^\   tfiirdk; 

(breach  of  concord),  jUjf  aJlc  ^adam 

itiifdky  ^^hs^  ima&f. 

Disunite,  v.  (separate),  y^/  f<vrak\  (to 
fall  asunder,  become  separate),  y^J^\ 
infarak,  JmoajI  infasal. 

Disunited,  (J^/^  mafrikk.  See  Disjoined. 

Disuse,  «.  J^M&Mil  U  md  uta^mal,  vl^ 

SoUl  iarakal^ddai,iJ^\cJj  tantik 
id  ^dat» 


BIT 


(608) 


DIV 


Bitch,  #•  [j;^  haflnd,  IJl^  hufrai. 

A  ditch  (round  fortificatioiiBy  camps, 

etc.),   JJ^:^   khandak   (pL    Jjl:^ 

ihanddik). 
Ditto,  ^loA  aydan,  ^  J^  laMUb. 
Ditty,  i.  Li  yAiiid.     See  Song. 
Diran,  ^\^<>-    Sm  ComiciL 
Dive,  9.  (yJLi  ghaUu,  ^U  ^^.     A 

place  in  the  sea  where  they  dive  for 

pearls),  ^U^  mugh&i. 
Diver,  <•  ^^iLi  ghattdi.  [Several. 

Divers,   ^jM   ha^,  ^\   dkior.     See 
Diverse,  J^^^:^  fftM^orrtii^. 
Diversely,  ^cJlLfiLb  hi  tkMUdfin, 
Diversification,  Jj^JuJp  tdbiih  ^y^  ^^- 

^'tf  f  y  iiAc^^-  [(»^  kaUam, 

Diversify,  v.^^  ghayyoTt  Jjo  baddal, 
Diversion  (amusement),  ^  lahu,  ^yu 
tafurruf,  Zihp  mathai.  To  take  diver- 
sion, syj  tamuaah.  Diversion  (taming 
anything  from  its  course),  c-il^ac?t 
inhtrdf,  (Jijiu  ta^k.     Diversion  (in 

war),  iLyU*^  mughdlatat.  Aud  as 
they  were  goins  about  through  the  different 
apartments  of  the  palace,  and  yiewin^  atten- 
tively its  attractions  a^id  places  of  diTersion, 
they  came  to  a  table  upon  four  legs  of  alabaster, 


whereon  was  inscribed  .  •  . 

\^^yS^j^J,\  ^  (J\y  J-ijl  JLc 

Diversity,  uJ^bj;-^  ikhtildf,  Jji  fark.  A 
diversity  of  opinions,  (J:j\AJ\  t^h^\ 
ikhtilaf  arrdyat. 

Divert,  v,  (turn  off  from  any  direction), 
J^»-  hawwal,  j\i^  ddr ;  (to  please),  ^ 

sarr,  ^J^  sharah,  ^JbJl  Idha* .  I  pray  thee 

to  receiye  this  monejl  and  to  bay  for  ns  tome- 
ihinff  to  eat ;  for  we  are  straneers.  I  have  with 
me  uese  children,  whom  I  wiui  to  divert  in  this 

garden,  A.LLJ1  ssJb  JS^^j  ^\  ^^fJ^\ 


m 

Diverted  (tamed  away), 

kmf;  (amused),  ^^^y-*Mi 
Diverter,  «•  ^Ji^  muldhl, 
Divertive,  ^^<fL«  MtiAi. 

Divest,  r.  J^ihaUaky  ^  fj5  jmb^&m. 

See  Put  off. 
Divide,  v.  JLi  kauam,  ^^  wmMm^,  ^J 

farak,  J-ai  fual;  (to  part  finom,  ^  be 

divided),  ^yu\  mfarak. 
Divided,  ^y^SL^  mahumy  ^j^/^  msffrui. 

Divided  into  kinds,  ^^'S^  sitctoiaimriV 
Dividend,  $.  Jua>.  hitsat,  u,  ^j.^>  nank 

See  Portion,  Share,  Lot 
Divider,  <.  mU  ibaMim,  f^mL^  wwkMsim, 

cj^  mifirosst^.  [JVi/a/. 

Divination,  u^^g.ffH  J^  ^«7f»  0/  y^^* 
Divine  (partaking  of  the  nature  of  God], 

_^\  Uahh     The  divine  inspiration, 

(J'J^   A^l     Uhdm  rahhdni.       Divine 

(most  excellent),  J^oil  afdal. 
Divine,  *.  (theologian),  vJybJ  J^^  ««- 

Divine,  v.  JU  ^  fotah  fdl,  jJ:>->  keur. 
Divinely,   ^\  ^^    W  ii?a;Am   liWf, 
L^\  ijAJ   bi  kuwat  ilahiyat,  jc^  ^ 
id!l  mm  ^aiuf  allah.     See  Excellently. 
Divineness.    See  Divinity,  Excellence, 

Diviuer,   «.    JlJi;   rammdl.      And   he 

has  enchanters,  sages,  diviners,  devils,  and 
giants,  those  against  whom  none  can  prevail ; 
and  that  under  his  authority  are  people  whow 

number  none  knoweth  but  God,  2r«x:x« 

*  ajx  j^n  &\LS  ^  '«^!^ 
aUi  5i  ^  jjx  (jjui  jU 


«Jl) 


DO 


(609) 


DOE 


Divinity,  Deity,  Godhead,  ^\  ilak; 
(theology),  CJyJf  Jx  ^ilm  id  kthUt ; 

(a  fiilse  Qod),  f,:^  tanam.       [kasstm. 
Dividble,  amaAij  yimkoiim,  m'^^msj  yuta^ 

Divisibility,  dividbleness,  Ajwg'.M  ^UUt 
imk&n  attdhUm, 

Divimon,  amJ  katm^  ^UmJ  hUmatf  Mt*^ 
tahUmy  aLuxSI  ikfM&mf  ^jy  iow%l^ 
Division  in  arithmetiei  m^msCt  tahilm. 
The  division  of  an  inheritance,  aL^I 
K^\j^^\  ikiiidm  dl  mlr&i.  Division 
(disunion),  i^lifi^l  ilA^tZd/,  jUjf  i»«Xc 
^adam  itUJak;    (distinction),  jl^f 

Divorce,  divorcement,  jlLL  iaidhy  J^JIv 
tatUk.  A  divorceat  the  desire  of  the  wife 
(in  consequence  of  which  she  renounces 
her  marriage  settlements,  and  returns 
her  presents),  ^la^  ihai^.        [iallai. 

Divorce,  r.  (a  wife),  Jiic\  aOAk,  JS^ 

Divorced  (a  divorced  woman),  ISmo^ 

mutaUakat. 
Divorcer,  «.  f^^  fnutaUtk, 
Dinmal  (daily),  l<«^  yatffml, 
Diutumity.     See  Duration. 
Divulge,  V.  ^J^\  afM^j^S  athar,  cLll 

aahd^.  One  who  divulges  everything, 
&lJL«  muihyd^ 

Divulged,  ^U?  tahir,  jyi^  nuuhhur, 

Divulger,  s.  ^*m,^  muihayyi^ 
Dizziness,  ^Ic^tjJ  dmodkhdn. 
Dizzy,  ^b  dOfekh.    To  become  dizzy, 
^^  ddkh.      To  make   dizzy,    ^^J 

dawwakh. 

Do,  V.  ^^  iona^f  J^  ^amal,  Jjufa^dl. 

Aiid  ihereapon  the  King  said,  0  my  miBtress, 
do  what  leemeth  fit  to  thee,  and  what  thou 
viahert;  for  I  will  eomply  with  thy  deairs  in 


I 

all  that  thon  wilt  do,  Jli  CJiii  Jom 

Docible,  docile,  ^Ib  ^Ayt^,  aJjcII  JjU 

kahtl  dl  ta^hm.     See  Tractable. 
Docility,  aJjcJ^  ^LLlS  k&hUiyat  dl  ta^m. 

Dock,  B,  (for  shipping),  Iwt  mfnd,  DiL»\ 

Dock,  r.  (to  cut  off  the  tail),  k^  jJl  jJJ 
^tog  a/  danab;  (to  make  anything 
short),  y«a5  koiior. 

Docked  (having  the  tail  docked),  ^^oSu9 

u^jjl  maktn^  addanah,  jjh\  atwaz. 
Docket,  «.  dUj^  fahroioi,  {j*»j^  fdhrU^ 

Doctor,  9.  (learned  man),  JU   ^alim, 

*X»-  hdk^m*     A  doctor  of  physic, 

mS^-  hdkim^  v—>^*>V>  tdblb.     An  aca- 

demical  doctor,  (jmjS^  mudarrit.    A 

very  learned  doctor,  J^&sr^  muhakkik. 
A  doctor  of  laws,  JjJJ  fakih  (pi.  l^ 
fukaha).  The  first  doctor  of  the  Mu- 
hammadan  law,  the  Mufti,   ^^^sJut 

mufti.     Doctors,  Ulx  ^ulama. 
Doctor,   V*   k/^b   ddufd.      See    Cure, 

Physic. 
Doctrinal,  15^  ^tZmi. 
Doctrine,  ttAtu  ta^m,  Jlc  ^i7m,  Lsju^ 

ma^fat  (pi.  t-i;U^   ma^artf),  ^ 

(pL  ^j^yj  >»il»). 
Document,  s.  iZjLj]  ishdt    To  produce 

documents  or  proofs,  ^/iH^^/f^^J^j^  ^^ 

«/  hardkln. 
Dodder  (plant),  ^^<4Mijt  aftlmnn. 
Doer,  «.  JaU  /d^A,  J^U  ^Am»7. 
Does,  2rdper9.  pr$9*  of  do,  J^^  Aft 

89 


DtfL 


(610) 


DON 


Dog,  L^  iM  (pL  (^1^  ialdh).  A 
aea  dog,  Ulf  l^J^  ioA  almd.  The 
greater   Dog-star,   (Sirius),    i^J  t  .ni 

c^Jl^I  o/  100.  The  litUe  Dog-star, 
^^4Jill  i^[/t^  M^a^  alghwmU.  Both 
the  dog- stars,  ^byc^  AAi^roydii*  The 
dog-days,  j^>-Ul  ^M  «yydM  a/3dA«r. 

Dog-cheap,  jL*^  ihudi^.   Three  things 

are  better  tLan  three  others :  the  dxj  of  death 
is  better  than  the  day  of  birth,  a  Utih^  dog  is 
belter  than  a  dead  lion,  and  the  grave  is  better 


than  poverty,  a^  ^  Siij 


^J^'^^^ 


Dogged.      See   Sonr,  Snllen,   Morose, 

Qloomy.  [Mean. 

Doggerel.     See  Burlesque,  Despicable, 

Doggishi  dog-hearted,  ^^^J^  kalhi.     See . 

Brutal,  Cruel. 
Dogma,  «.  j^Axf  to^ftm,  ^yl^  kdnHn. 

Dogmatical  (aathoritative),  *^  i^^f^Lg 

idhibhukm;  (positive),  «X^  ^Id,  Dog- 

maticalness  (magisterialness),  ^yl»- 

hukufnat ;  (obstinacy),  jl:^  ^ndd.  To 
dogmatize  (teach  magisterially),  a^ 

Aaibm;  (to  teach  new  opinions),  ^Jsj\ 
ibtada^. 
Doing  (jTM.  jpar^.  of  do),  Jrli  y&^t7, 

J^U  ^dmt?.    Doing,  doings  (action, 

actions,  feats),   J«i  fi^  (pi.  JUil 

o/^d/).     Saying  and  doing,   ]Luj  1^ 

kawlan  wafi^lan.    It  is  not  my  doing, 
^]juyht«  md  huji^. 

Dole,  f^.     See  Deal,  Distribute. 
Dole.     See  Distribution,  Charity,  Grief, 
'^olesome),   (^y^^  maghmULmf 


^^J<^  makrOh^  ^^^  hatin.  Dole- 
ful weeds,  S\A^  h*ddd» 

Dolefully,  ^^  J^  hikol  ghamimm, 

Dolefnlness,  ^  gham,  Jt  alam. 

Doll,  t.  (girPs  baby),  LA  lu^hat. 

Dolorous,  ^2i^fi^  muhssin.  See  Dolefol, 
PainfuL 

Dolor.     See  Ghie(  Pain,  Lamentation. 

Dolphin,  8.  ^jJi*^  dal/ln,  j^\  «^^ 
hwU  al  hahr.  [Estate. 

Domain,  CjCl^  mW^.    See  Dominion, 

Dome,  4J  ihi&ia^.  See  Cupola,  Build- 
ing, House. 

Domestic  (fiamiliar,  tame,  not  wild), 
^L^  ht^ti,  ciy^  ha^nil,  ^;m3U 
mdfiiU;  (private),  ^U>-  ihds;  (not 
foreign,  intestine),  c5^  juwwi,  A 
domestic  animal,  4/^  c> '.^f^^  Aaywos 
juwiffi,  A  domestic  war,  ^Lsk^^A^  <-^.»> 
^a3  dakhll. 

Domesticate,  9.  uJJ^  te^aAof,  ^^\  amus. 

Dominant  (to  dominate).  See  Predomi- 
nant, etc. 

Domination,  laLuJ  tamiUuU  See  Do- 
minion.  Power,  Tyranny.  [>>^> 

Domineer,  v,  ^J^ jW"  /»»*  t^'»  ^/?^ 

Dominion  (sovereign  authority),  JulaL: 
taUanai,  S^^,^  hukumatt  S^-  hubn, 
Lm^  daht,  if  jLmi  Hyddatfj^  kakr,  i^t*^ 
tffidro/,  ZJM  ay&lat.  Absolute  do- 
minion, J)Ux^l  tstikldlf  UuJ  tataUut 

Donation(donative),  /^\ju  1  m^dm,  Uac  ^^. 

Done,  /lor^.  ^om.  of  do.  ^}y^J^  Mo^mv/* 

mun^mil.     See  Made. 
Donkey,  f.^Uk>-  Atmdr,  ^JL^^Jahah. 
Donor,  #•   ^^Jojl^  mu^tl,  ^t*  MdiitJ^ 


DOT 


(611) 


DOV 


Doom  (judicial  Benteiice),  l^  ladd,  Ss>- 

kikm,  ^j^  S^  hukm  shar^ ;  {end, 

**  "  -I 

state  to  which  one  is  destined),  ^Ic 

^dJtibiU,  ij^  dkhirai,  c,  ^^jj^n)  nMh, 

4«mm3  Himat;  (ruin),  K^hb  haldk. 

Doom,  V.  S^^  haikam. 

Doomsday,  £«lJ]f  ^jj  yawm  al  kiy&mat. 

Door,  8.  uji\i  hdh.  The  half  of  a  fold- 
ing  door,  9}/^^  mi»rd^.      The  ring 

of  a  door,  c^Ul  is\^-  halahat  alhdh. 
Bat  the  soldien  and  troopB  were  unable  to  do 
80;  and  ther  said,  How  shall  we  contend 
against  him  from  whom,  none  hath  secluded — 
the  lord  of  the  door  that  hath  no  door-keeper  P 


,\^ 


19- 

Door-keeper,  a,  ^-'\^  hawwdh.  The 
place  or  office  of  a  docv-keeper,  <u1^ 
liwdbiU. 

Dormant  (sleeping),  JU  nOyim. 

Dormitory,  «.  fi^\  c:,.^gj  ^^  0nikifrfft. 

Dorser,  «.  (pack  saddle),  <i^<^  5ar(2a^a^ 
(pi.  ^d\j3  harddtQ. 

Dose, 8.  (of  medicine,  etc.),  <U^  aharhaU 
Dost  {2ndper8anpre8,  of  do),  JaaJ  taf^, 

Dot,  «.  ZJoa)  ittf^to^,  ksr^  mahatt. 
Dot,  p.  Sal)  nakkat,  LaJI  ia^-  hatalnukat. 
Dotage  (from  age),  uJ^  kharaff  uJl^art 

inkhirdf,  \jahd%l. 

Dotal   (relating  to  a  portion),  v^^>- 
Dotard,  v.  doter,  (j^/>-  kharfdn.     A 

doter  (one  distractedly  in  love),  Jh^U 

^^ijsr*  ^d«^t^  mo^iln. 
Dotation,  jl^  jah&z. 
Dote,  9.  v^^  il^^.     To  dote  npon 

(to  love  with  extreme  fondness),  Jh^ 


Doable   (two-fold),  ^rlj^  mudd^af, 

^J'^  nnt8anfM\ 
Double-dealer,  8.  ^ji^^^  ^*^  >&  wajhln, 

^\x^  mundjik,  jSi^  makkdr.  Double* 

dealing,    lu   riyd,    ii^j^   murdydh. 

Double-tongued,  ^J^\*J  K^^^-^^i^ 8dhth 

lUdnln, 
Double,  V.  u^l<0  dd^irf.    To  double  or 

become  double,  l^Loj  tadd^af. 
Double,   8,  u^lo^  mudd^af,   cJU«0^ 

ad^f.  [c— arlJJ  tadd^af. 

Doubled,  ^<;i/t  mtM^nmi'.  To  be  doubled, 

Doubly,  uJUjU  hi  ad^fin. 

Doubt,  i^8hihhat{^\.^:LS[^8hia>Mt), 
Jjj^  8hak  (pi.  cli^  8hukilk),  l^^ 
niy5,  2rL::jl!  iahiiidh,  j,iyi  tawahhum. 

No  doubt,  i{^  lb  hild  ahuhhat.  To 
remove  a  doubt,  i,^J^\  w»J  ^/^^ 
aahahubhat.  The  solution  of  a  doubt, 
CXuJt  J)jJ  sacra/  <MA«Aaib. 

Doubt,  V.  Jjj^  8hak,  LliX^i  ahakkak, 
^y)  tateahham,  <^\jj^  irtdh. 

Doubted,  ^  {iS^JL^  mashkak  bihi. 

Doubter,  «.  SuxJL^  mu8htdbih. 

Doubtful,  KjXAvk^  mu8htabah,^^4Jby  wahml, 
c^ -^  murib. 

Doubtfully,  doubtingly,  (JX^  4^^  bikol 
8hak,  (^LJ^I  (JG  hikol  irtiydb. 

Doubtfulness.     See  Doubt. 

Doubtless,  i^^  h  bild  8hubhat,  j^  ^^ 

c«i^Ljjt^«^  ^  min  ghayr  irtiydb. 

Dove>  8.  i^\j^>^  hamdmat,  A  turtle- 
dove or  wood-pigeon,  i^Uj  yamdmat 

He  heard  also  the  Toices  of  birds,  warbling, 
and  praising  God  (whose  name  be  exalted!) 
with  diverse  tunes,  and  with  varions  airs  and 
modulations,  consisting  of  turtle-doves,  hezHrs, 
blackbirds,  nightingales,  ring-doves,  and  kiera- 

wans,  ^^\ij  jyJb  (JLJ\^\  ui)l  ^^ 


DOW 


(612) 


DRA 


DoTe-cot,  dore-hottse,  a.  AUk>-  ^j)  Jmrj 
humdm. 

Doughty.  See  Brave,  niustrioufl.  Noble. 
jDouse,  V,  (to  plunge  the  head  into  water). 

Dowager, «.  ^  .i^  H^j\  armakU  sharifiti* 

See  Widow. 
Dower,  dowry,  Ij^J  dotd,  j\fp^  j'ahdn* 

Dowered,  iji^  mujahJuauU. 
Dowerless,  iusr*j^  ghayr  mufahhaaoL 

Down  (soft  feathers  on  the  wings,  etc., 
of  hirds),  a^IJ  ^JSiiJj  rUh  na^.    The 

down  cr  pile  of  velvet,  ^l>«  khdto. 
The  down  upon  the  firuit  and  leaves 
of  trees,^^  wahr, 

Down,  *.  u^t>lj  wddi.  See  Dale,  Valley. 

Down  (downward),  l::.>o^  taht  To 
go  down  (as  the  sun,  etc.),  <-r^ 
ffharab,     Down  to  this  time,  iJJb  ^\ 

Ji\    ila*   haul  aVm,    IjJb  L«jj  ^1 
ila'  yawmind  hazd.    The  going  down 
of  the   sun,   ^^»i.AJu^\  S-^j^   yhuruh 
ashshams.  To  down  with  (knock  down), 
i^j^  darah ;  (to  subdue),  \,.^;,Xs- ghalah. 
Downfal  (ruin),  |»1  J^l  inhxddm^  ^ 
Downfallen,  f^^^^-^  munhadim, 
Down-hill  (declivity),  jjiX^-  hadur. 
Downright  (perpendicularly),  L£»-  Jl^ 
Jyiji\  mislihatt  al  ^amUd;  (in  plain 
terms,  withoutambiguity),  ^iasiiafium; 
(completely),  UUj  tamdman;  (plain, 
op®")>   fv^  «arfA;  (directly  to  the 

point),     u^  "■  .M»  >^    muitamyafif 
M»'i\tM^  hikhatUn  mustaJlAm, 


Downward  (towards  the  centre),  \i^^\   i\ 

mm 

Ua*  ai  toa»mt\  (from  a  higher  to  a 
lower  situation),  ^Jic  ^  mm  ifM, 
jy  ^  mm  fmoh;  (dedivous),  ^JjU 
mdyil,  [koOako  wabr. 

Downy  (covered  with  down),  jS^  ^L^ 

Dozy,  «.     See  Courtesan. 

Doze,9.  (slumber),  ^^kighrfd^  ^j^m  n$^m. 

Dozen,  4.  ^J|^<3  doKana^  jSLeSijS  and 
^har. 

Drab, «,     See  Strumpet. 

Drachm, «.  j^JbjO  darham. 

Draft  (for  money),  ^^  pditut^ 

Drag,  €^.  ^-'*^5^  jauhf  ^  j^rr.     To 

drag  one  another  about,  Cp^jUsT  U- 

jdxdb.     To  drag  (trail  as  a  garment, 

etc.)}  c^^wsr*  sahdb.    To   drag  the 

limbs  firom  fktigue,  l-p-'wJ  sa^<;f.   She 

then  ordered  tbem  to  drag  her  and  to  HbxvK 
her  outside  the  door;  and  they  dragged  her 
alone  upon  her  &oe,  and  threw  her  down 

before  the  door,  ^jjffT^  *^  j^t  «J 

Jx  \i>yr^  ^^U1  ^J^  \S6y.ji. 

Dragged,  c,,?<\jcu<  mtni/asti^. 
Dragoman,  «.  f^^<^^y*  iarjtandnm 
Dragon,  «.  ^^^  tannin.     The  constella- 
tion of  the  dragon,  ^J^\  aUannln. 
The  dragon's  tail,   ^J^^  c^Jsano^ 
attannln.  [atUmfOm. 

Dragonish,  dragon-like,  ^^j^is^^  J^  mu/ 
Dragon's  blood,  ^Im^I  a  J<tomaMv5ydfi. 

Dragoon,  f .  uJ l^  J^i!^  ^4^f^**^  ^oAari 

khaggdl  saggdf. 
Drake,  s,  k)  5«^.     See  Duck. 
Draper,  «•  i^^  ehiJJshajl. 

Draught,  9.  (of  water,  etc.),  h 

hut.  Draught  (sketch),  ir  J^m*^ 

wadatt  Thou  hast  gone  and  made  the 
house  and  those  who  inhabit  it  deioUle.  Thou 


DEE 


(613) 


DBE 


hatt  randored  my  dear  dnngfati  tnrbicL  Thov 
wast  mj  aid  in  etrerj  advenity,  and  my  honour 
and  glory  among  men,  and  my  great  reliance. 
Canoellea  be  the  day  whereon  tixHi  wast  taken 
from  my  eighty  nntil  I  aee  thee  return  to  me  I 


Draw,  9.  (pull  along),  ^^/jfr;  (to  at- 
tract, to  allure),  <^«^>-  jaxab;  (to 
draw,  poll,  or  tear  out),  ^  Ma^; 

(to  draw  or  pump  out  a  aeoiet  or  oon- 
fession),  ^  tarrar.  To  draw  out,  or 
draw  up  in  order  of  battle,  ^CuyjJl  u.i^ 
iofal^Mkar,  To  draw  np  in  writings 
jy]  ^^\  <^-^  ^a/d^  0^«^'  lafawh. 
To  draw  in  or  draw  back  (withdraw 
from,  break  off),  w*^^  ^aniuii.  To 

draw  off  (by  distillation),^^  iaitar; 
(to  carry  off),  ^j  rafa^.     To  draw 

back,  JkcL^  taba^.  To  draw  a 
sword,  k— gj^Jl  iJmj  «a/  awayf. 

Drawing  (delineation),  w^  ronn;  (poll- 
ing)* j=r  i^»rr,  i^:^  jitth. 

Drawn,  ^^J^  mc^HiJb^  Drawn  (ex- 
tracted),  f  ^1^  mMa^ 

Draw-well,  #.^  tor. 

Dray,  «.  ^^  ^ar^.     See  Cart* 

Dread,  uJ^  khawf,  Juj^  hayhaty  i^Cj 

ra^at. 
Dread,  dreaded,  iLjb  Cy^w>-lig  «diW&  ftoy- 

^^,  uJj^r^  miciAa/. 
Dread,  v.  uJU.  khof. 

Dreadfol,  uJ^s^  mtiil^m&f^t^ 
utttilAf/.     Most  dreadfiil,   JybU 
dreadfol  accident,  ^^  Mylat, 


Dreadfiilly,   v,ff  j^^  <^py*^   ^  not^^w 

Dream,  «•  ^U^  immdm  (pi.  ci>t«l:w« 
MOfidjiid^).  Jl^  hdm.   An  idle  fancy, 

JLb  JLfk-  ibMyd/  M67,  ^  wahm. 

Hay  I  be  diMppointed  in  the  accomplishment 
of  my  TOW,  if  after  your  absence  I  know 
pleasant  rieep ;  my  eyes  could  not  be  closed 
after  onr  separation,  nor  did  rest  delight  me 
after  yonr  departure  I  It  woold  seem  to  me 
as  though  I  saw  yon  in  sleep ;  and  woold  that 
the  yisions  of  sleep  might  be  real !  I  love 
sleep,  tiiongh  without  requiring  it ;  for  per- 
hapa  a  fight  of  you  might  be  granted  in  a 

dream,  ^^\S  ^\jLfAJl  'lij  v::^^^ 

Dream,  r.  Jl>-  hdemy  aI:^  uJL&  th&f 
mandm ;  (to  imagine,  think  idly),  ^Jby 
tawahham. 

Dreamer,  ««  JU^  Mlim.   For  the  world 

is  a  flatterer,  a  cheat,  and  a  traitor.  Its 
things  are  borrowed,  and  it  will  take  the  loan 
from  the  borrower.  It  is  like  the  confused 
Tisions  of  tiie  sleeper  and  the  dream  of  the 

dreamer,  ijSsi.  ij^  JLiiL*  IJjII  ^li 

^\A  ^j  ^Ull  ci^u^ir  ^ 

Dreaming,  #.    f!i  „\r>A   Mddm;  parL 

Dreamless,  ^l:^^^  ^^  tninghxyrmanam^ 

Drear,  dreary.     See  Dismal,  Gloomy, 

Homd* 
Dregs,  ».  (leffc  after  grapes  or  anything 

is  pressed),  ^loc  ^&raiyj;M>  ^oAr. 
Drench,  s.  i)jL  tharhaU 
Dress,  ^^U  libdSf  ^jtJi  Ji6$',  (splendid 


DBI 


(614) 


BBO 


dothesy   habit  of    ceremojiy)i   iulsL 

Ihal^  (pi.  jlsi^  khila^).     Then  she 

aroie  and  went  forth  from  her,  and  bron^t  to 
her  a  samptaoos  dress,  with  which  she  dad 
her.  She  also  brought  to  her  some  ibod  and 
drink,  ate  with  her,  comforted  her  heart,  and 

appeased  her  terror,  ^=...^13  i^  J  Jm 

Dress,  v.  (clothe),  L«^  ka»d,  ^^/mJI  albaSf 
lju2  labhoi;  (to  adorn),  ^J  wayyan. 
To  dress  Tictaals,  :^  tabakh.     To 

dress  (adjast,  trim),  Ja3  nasaiii.  I 
will  go  to  my  home  and  dress  myself  and 

return  to  thee,  ^juj  ^\  l-^j^^  \J^*Hj^ 

Bressed,  drest  (adorned),  ^^y*  muiayyanf 

^y^  fnutoiayyan* 
Dresser,  «•  ^/^^l^  tnulabhu, 
Dressiog,  jHir^.  and  adj\  ^^tJ^  mtdhU. 
Drew,  preterite  of  Draw,  L.^^>is:*^yb  Afl 

tahab*   He  drew  them  into  an  ambush 

or  snare,  ^^;:^^^  ^J^  |ȣ^y*^yb  Aft  mAo^ 

Ai<m  ila^  al  kammin. 
Dried,  (j^^b  ydhis.    Flesh  dried  in  tiie 

sun,  Jj  Jj  Aa^f  J. 
Drift  (purpose),  Lj  niyat,  jl^  murdd, 

To  drift  (diive  along),  ^ J  dafa^ 

Drill,  r.  c-^  «aJb^,  \^^*-s^,  lakhash. 

Drill,  «.  Cy^S**^  mashab. 

Drink,  L^J^  thurb,  ^\^  ehardb.  Meat 

and  drink,  k^jJj^\j  Jlii\  al  old  woih- 
ihurb.  Abstiuence  from  meat  and 
drink,  c-j/J^j  J^\  ^  ^Ui^Hl    a/ 

dmtind^  ^n  al  aid  watih^hurh  I  had 
not  with  me  anght  of  worldly  goods,  neither 


ibod  nor  diink;  and  I  had  beeome deaolaie, 
weary    in    my    soul,    despairing   of    life, 

cr*  W^*^^  cr*  ^  ^5»-•  cj^  -Jj 

ai,  ^!L>.j  c=^^^  c-;/4i  ^^J,  jil;i 

Drink,  v.  S-^  «A«r0ft.    To  drink  np  or 
drink  in,  «Jj  haila^     For  he  is  the 


greatest  of  thy  other's  enemies,  aad  has  a 
debt  of  blood  against  him.  He  thea  broogbt 
me  some  food  and  drink,  md  I  ate,  mbA  he  ate 

with  me,  jrjcx  a!^  kL^\  \^  \jS\  lA 


Drinkable, 

yamhar^. 
Drinker,  «•  < 


ffutfAril^, 


■?^^ 


LS*  #Adrti. 


aoM, 


Drinking,  part,  ^-^^l^  nhdrih. 

Drip,  17.  kl;  fudckat. 

DriTe,  v.  (off  or  away),  u,-%^ 
^  J  (2(i/2>^.  To  drive  out  of  doors,  J^ 
torai^.  To  drive  on  (proceed  rapidly), 
c^l  Mm^.     To  drive  or  rush  with 

violence,  ^A^  ^i^  ibAam  ^0^0' . 

DrivenfC-^^s:"**^  nuuhab^  9^*^^  wu^dfu-^ 

Driver,  b,  k^^t^\^  sdhib,  wilj  ^^Af 

DroU,  v-^^  ^l>-  hdlaho  gharib^  ^^^^^^^^ 

muikhin. 
Droll,  «.  (buffoon),  ZjS^*^  tnastkara. 

Droll,  v.jS^*'^  tamaskhar. 
Drollery,  ijS^^^  nuukhara. 
Dromedary,  e.  ^;«^  hqfln. 
Drone,  <•  jy^  dIdS&ftr. 
Dronish,  J^  tambal,  ^^)L*^  kasldn. 

Droop,  V.  COM  <^^(^. 

Drop,  «.  (of  rain,  etc.),  9^^  ib^0,  dlaAJ 

nukta.  I  write  to  thee  with  my  tears  flowing, 
and  the  dioiM  from  my  eyes  ranning  inot?* 
santly :  but  1  am  not  despairing  of  the  fiiToor 
of  my  lord ;  perhaps  some  day  our  union  maj 

take  place!  %Zj\j^\^  CCJt  <>iS  ^■.-  > 


DRO 


(615) 


DTIC 


Drop,  9.  (as  water,  eto.)i  iali  nakkat\ 
(to  fall),  klrf  «tfJba^,  ^j  tt^aia^;  (to 
intermit,  cease),  '^rifwagh^  CSp  tarah. 
To  drop  in  upon  (come  nnezpectedly), 
iju-^  Jcdbaa. 

Dropped,  dropt,  \m^  munakkii. 

Dropsical,  dropsied,  LS^-^o^  w.,.%'>-l^  tdhib 
utisltd,  _AmuCUm^  miutaiki. 

Dropsy,  \.5.w'Urf\  istiahd.  To  have  the 
dropsy,  ^.S^i'Urfl  istaska*,  ILmImJU  ^j 

waka^  hH  istiskd. 
Dross  (of  iron,  etc.),  tiX^  iodd. 
Drossy,  ^^Jud/•  mtwoic^t. 
Drought  (want  of  rain),^^k4!\  mSa  ^a- 

dam  al  matar,  cJImJ  nashdf.      See 

Dryness. 
Drown,  r.  (suffocate  in  water),   j^ 

gharrak ;  (to  immerge),  ^^^Uxe  ghUloM ; 

(to  overflow),  JLi  «<3/;  (to  drown  w 

be   drowned),    ^jji^  gherek.     I   was 

among  the  number  of  thoee  who  remained  be- 
hind apon  the  island,  bo  I  sank  in  the  sea ; 
bnt  6(>d  (whose  name  be  exalted !)  delivered 
me,  and  saved  me  from  drowning,  and  sup- 


life,  ana  Deat  tne  water  witn  my 
feet  as  with  oars,  Hj^  ^  \j\  lz^^ 

^JJ3  J>^'  cr*  4^i  4'^'^  J^ 


Drowsily,  ^ju9u  Jio  Wfo?  na^\  (slug- 
gishly), ^  JUjbU  3t  ikmalin. 
Drowsiness,   ^juxi   na^9\   (indolence), 


Drub,  9.h  j>i  darhat 
Drub,  «.  ^.^  (2ar0&« 
Drudge,  v.  /•J^  khadam,  a\S:>^  J^^x 

^oma^  khaddcLm.  Cr^  t*^' 

Drug,  «.  )^v>  (^u'd  (pi.  I[^j\  adwigat), 
Druggist,  «•  jlke  ^attdr. 
Drum,  «.  JJ?  to(^.  A  kettle-drum,  ij^ 

nakkdra.   To  drum,  beat  a  drum,  j^ 

tabhal,  Jiall  JJ  ioA  a^^/. 
Drum-major,  «.  j^  ^;^^  ^fi Jilr  mq/or. 
Drummer,  <•  Ju?  iabhdh 
Drunk,  drunken,  ^J^/^  sakrdn.   Like  a 

drunken  man,  ^j\jLJ\  Jt^  mtsl  m- 

aakrdn, 
Dmnkard,   ».  \^^  9uhrl.      To  be  a 

habitual    drunkard,  ^^CuJ\  ^Jx  Jju 

ta^aUam  ^M  assukr. 
Drunkenness,^^  aukr.    To  feign  drunk- 
enness, ^J"^  ^^  i^^^  ^mal  hdlaho 

sakrdn. 
Dry  (not  moist),  ^j*^^  ydhia ;  (thirsty), 

^luJa£  ^tihdn.   Dry  in  constitution, 

-.|j^l  ^^l[  gdhia  ai  mizdj. 
Dry,  9.  (free  from  moisture),  ^^m^j  ^a&- 

boi.    To  dry  in  the  sun  (flesh,  etc.)> 

JjJ  kaddad.     To  dry  or  wipe  dry, 

^***^  fiuuah. 

Dryer,  «.  ijm^^  mugahhu* 


Dryly  (without  moisture),  (jmLJ\  ^Jx 
^o/a'  a/  yaidf ;  (frigidly,  without  affec- 
tion or  emotion),  it^jji  J>^  hikol  hi- 
rUdat. 

Dryness,  ^^m^j  yabi,  ^yrl  y(ibu9at\  (want 
of  sensibility,  frigidity),  £jj|^  hurikdaU 

Dual,  ,<:*i^  ifitMonna'.     The  dual  num- 

m 

ber,  ^jftiiiJ  tasniyaU  [Doubtfully. 

Dubious,  dubiously,  etc.    8ee  Doubtful, 
Ducati  8Mj\iJt^  dlndr^jssf^  majar. 


Duir 


(616) 


DUB 


Duck,  r.  UIU  (yM^  tomii«  hilmd.     See 

Dive,  Dowse^  PInnge. 
Duct.  See  Guidance,  Direction,  Passage. 

Ducts   (in  the  bones,   etc.),    Sc\ya 

Ductile,  ^Jex^  mutlc,  M^jci\  JjlS  kdhU 
atta^im^  ^^..^^  munhanl;  (tractable), 

Stsu%  mukt&d.  [<>,,^^r  ghadab. 

Dudgeon,  ^^£CU>-  khanjar;  (indignation). 
Due  (proper),  fjii  kiytk,  l^.wL«  mu- 


ndsih,  L-.^c»-fj  toajih,  Aji  Uttim,  ^^J^ 
mafrdd.  A  debt  due,  lijSI  l-.->^|^  ^^3 
<20y»  t£^4A<^  ^^  toafd,  ^J^Uu^  mtutahik. 
Due,  ».  (right),  ^J^  halt  (pi.  J^a>- 
huknk) ;  (custom, tribttte),.|^  khar&j, 
<0  >-  jatiyaL 

Duel,  «.  J;^J  (^iZt^tf/. 

Dug,  j?flr^.  q/"  dig,  jf^i«r<  mahfar. 

Dug,  «.  i^jj  «<u^. 

Dulcify,  ,<«>*  AaSa'.  [wan\n). 

Dulcimer,  ^yi^  kanun  (pi.  ^j^^^  hi- 

Dull,  dull-brained  (stupid),  Jub  5a/lJ; 

(sad),  (^^^ma^tt^ ;  (drowsy),  ^U3 

na^^»,     A  dull  market,  ^XJ^  j|^ 
tuX;  kaad&n. 
Dull,  V.  (stupefy),  y:*»-  Kayyar, 

Dullness  (stupidity),  d  j]b  halddat,  ij\^ 
ghdbdwat\  (sluggishness),  ^^V  ^^^^ 
fl^vn ;  (sadness),  ^  gham. 

DuUy  (stupidly),  iSii  J^  ^lib^  }a£S(^. 
Dumb  (silent),  Jj\  abkam,  {j*i/>-\  akhras, 

cu^L  sdkit. 
Dumbfound  or  strike   dumb  r.   (with 

astonishment),  c::^  hahat. 
Dumbness  (silence),  ^/M^  kharaa,  lU^ 

sukat,  sjL^^A^  samt. 
Dun  (colour),  ^  ^ji  hum  ^etem. 


y 


Dim,  f .  ^«^  Ua^  ^;£  J  Li;.''«9*l^  fSMS  <20|rPi 

ttuUdlibfi, 
Dun,  9.  ^«33li  L^U?  idlib  btddayn. 

Dunce,  «.  iXJj  hdM, 

Dung,  JjJ  MbL     A  dunghill,   XLy« 

mathidat  (pi.  J^]j^  mosd^ftQ. 
Dungeon,  <•  ^j/^f^^  hobs. 
Dupe,   A^f.  ghathlm,  )^J^  maghrwr. 

Child  of  Adam,  lei  not  hope  make  a  dnpe  of 
thee ;  ficom  all  that  thy  huida  hare  treasmed 
thou  shalt  be  remoTed !  I  see  thee  deairoiis  of 
the  world  and  its  embelliflhments :  and  pest 
generationB  hare  (in  rain}  pniaued  the  same 

course !  ♦  J^Jl  CSi  \y^}  ^C^  ^b 
CJ1;1  *  j5i:J  vii:^^  c:^  j1  U  J^  ^^ 

Dupe,  9.  ^^AkC  ghoBh^jf^  ghadarm 
Dui^oate,   «.    (copy  or   oorrespondiDg 

part),  ^l?  2Fjf^  tilra  ^dntyoA,    Jij 

• 

nai^,  i,s^  nasiha. 
Duplicate,  r.  ^  tantu^. 
Duplication,  ^.g.rL<^l>  tadd^uf. 
Duplicity  (deceit),  bj  riyfl,  ^Ai  gha^, 

JfUj  n<i/2li^.  [dawdm,  CL'IJ  m^^ 

Durability,  durableness,  lu  &aifca,  4^\jj 
Durable,  ^U  idi^,  |»^l3  kdgun,   ^y^ 

kaggiLm,  f^L^^sdhii,j^s^  ^  muatamirr. 
Not  durable,  J,\ifdnt, 
Durably,  /^^^^^  ^^J^  i^  addawdm. 

Durance,  duration,  a^^J  dawdm,  \a}  hakd^ 
j\jAS>^\  istimrdrf  cuU  iobdL  Dura- 
tion of  lrfe,^^^t  J^  tul  al  ^umtr. 

Dura  mater  (membrane  of  the  brain), 
ittjJt  a\  umm  oddimdgK 

During,  a^  jt«  md  ddm,  bjl  omS.  Daring 
the  war,  t-J^l  \:^\^f%  oMd  al  harh. 
During  our  administration,  ^j^j  _5 
\:Jj\j\fl  wman  iddratind.    And  pro* 


DTJT 


(617) 


SAG 


hah\j  lie  remembered  his  tamHj  and  his 
mothef  ,  who  is  an  old  woman,  and  he  imagined 
that  she  was  weeping  for  him  dnring  the 
hoQiB  of  the  night  and  the  periods  of  the  day, 

b^  *V*'  L5*J  ^^y  ^  ]/^  ^J^ 

jlfit.   They  (fern,  pi.)  therefore  asked 

her  respecting  the  cause  of  his  sickness,  and 
she  answered  them,  Its  cause  was  onr  ahsenoe 
from  him,  and  onr  leamg  him  desolate ;  for 
these  da js  daring  which  we  were  absent  from 
him  were  to  him  longer  than  a  thoasand  years, 

duix  LluJl^  lUi:  libL^  ^\  Jj)\  ifJJb 

DusloBh,  doBty,  ^kSJc^e  mu^im. 
Dost,  jLfi  ghubarf   ij^  ghahrai.     To 
raise  dust,  ^  ghabhar.   And  consider 


a  people  who  ornamented  and  decorated  their 
paJacea,  and  in  the  dost  have  become  pledeed 
for  their  actions.  They  built,  but  their  baud- 
ings  availed  not ;  and  accumulated  treasures, 
but  their  wealth  did  not  save  them  when  the 

term  had  expired, ^-Ajl^  ^\  j^\^ 

J:>-«  ^\  US  (^U  j^flCU 

Dust,  9.  (sprinkle  with  ^xisi)jj^ghalharM 

Dusty  (fhll  of  dust,  coyered  with  dost), 

5^  ^  holahu  ghabra.  [munk&d. 

Dntifal,  dnteons,   ^Ja/s  muii^,  j\Jb^ 

Dutifally,  ilfilLr  JO  hlu)!  id^at. 

BatifnlnesB,  Ic^  t&^,  ieXa\  itdcot, 

^aty,  Jp-  ^  (pi.  y}^  hvkah),  ^^ 

r<»0i  (pL   M»^j^  fnurdnm)\   (office), 

i^S£>^  hhidmat*  To  do  one's  duty,  ^ 

xAa  {„,^^^\^\  tammam  al  wdjth  ^aHhi. 

The  duty  of  an  office,  v,,.>.«n;^  mofuah, 
i^S^khidmat,  A  doty  or  toll,  J^«^tfr^ 

mahM,  A  collector  of  dntiesi  J*a^ 
muhauil. 


Dwarf,  <•  d£\j^  huHr  al  lad. 

Dwarfishness,  ^USIyb^  m^hr  al  kdmaL 

Dwell,  9.  ^jC*  Miihin. 

DweUer,  «•   ^f-^  imUawattin,   a«L« 

Dwelling,  «.  cu%^  &fy^,  ^ICe  maidn, 
Dwindle,  «.  (consame  away),  (i.j!j  toiii/'. 
Djring,  «.  d.^^  tikit^;  (tinging),  iLi^ 

Dynasty,  <.   (line  of  princes),   JlLILSI 

au^jUll  attdyfat  dl  mulnkigat. 
Dysentery,  «.  i*jJt  ^}\^\  uMl  addam^ 

^jJI  Ji^  ioyl  addam,  uJj^    nasl^, 

b^luj  J  du&ntmgd. 


E. 


Each,  Jl>-1j  J^  kol  wdhid,    I  have  seen 

her  many  times,  and  she  was  my  companion 
when  we  were  little  children ;  but  now  we 
have  no  acquaintance  with  each  other,  on  ac- 
count of  the  distance  between  us,  ^Ji 

Juulf  1.,^.^^^.    The  King  then  went 

forth  to  the  chase  and  hunt,  and  ordered  his 
two  sons  to  sit  in  his  place  to  administer  jus- 
tice, each  of  them  for  one  day  at  a  time,  ac- 
cording to  their  custom,  CXLill  ^jii 

Uff  jU  _]lc 

Eager  (ardently  wishing),  ^^^cZt^  mmlh 
tdh ;  (vehement,  hot»  choleric),  j\>- 
^IjJl  hdr  ul  miwdj;   (quick,  busy), 

jjy-i  san^;   (sharp,  sour),  ^^U- 

hdmid. 
Eagerly  (ardently),  J^  J^  hiiotshawk; 

(quickly),   liu^  sari^n. 


£AE 


(618) 


XAS 


EagemesB  (ardour),  <U4^>-  hammiyat^ 
iji^  ghayrat\  (yehemenoei  choler), 
^^^mot.  ghadah ;  (impetaoBity)i  ^ys^ 
hufUm, 

Eagle,  #.yuJ  fUMT.  The  constellatioii 
of  the  eagle,  ^\yf^^AMu!i  annaw  attdyir. 
The  Mling  eagle  (a  constellation), 
^\^\jm2W  antuur  al  u?&ki^* 

Ear,  8.  (organ  of  hearing),  ^  j\  usit.  The 
two  ears,  ^\jJ\  atndn.  To  lend  an 
ear,  ^^cu«»\  iitama^.  The  ear  or  handle, 

^j\  ttS». 

Earring,  s.  jJl>-  AaZait. 

Earwig,    *.    ^;1jl!1  ^lil«^   mi<Aibd«A 

adddn;   (a  whisperer),  ^c^l^  f^d^Ai, 

aUJ  fuimmdm. 

EarwitnesSy  «.  ^/vLs  «dmt^. 
Earl,  «.  v:uJ/  eomU  (Fr.). 

Early  (in  the  morning),  \^\)  Idkiran. 
Early  (qaickly)i  Uj  ^  «arf ^afi.  Very 
early,  ^U  ^Ic  ^M  hdJtir.        [kaseh. 

Earn,  v.  ^j  rebeh,  jJo^-  ^«a/,  f^^m^ 

Earnest,  a<{r'.  ^«^^  hijaddin;  (zealous), 
J^  ghayyur. 

Earnest  (handsel),  (^y^  ^ar^fin.  In 
earnest,  ^tXasT  hi  jaddinf  <tLA3>>  AaAii- 
ifca^n,  AaJLj^I    J  /f  a/  hahlhat. 

Earnestly  (with  attention),  Juijf  Jjj 
Stib^  takayyud]  (zealously),  aUcj^I  J^ 
5tlo{  tA^imdm;  (importunately),   (J^ 

Earnestness  (fixed  attention),  J,w.^ 
BhugM,  Jl.jLrJjl  uktigh&l^  J^  jad; 
(zeal),  AUcJbl  ihtimdm,  ij^  ghayrat  \ 

(importunity),   /«^/-^^  «^dm,   ^LcJbl 
tA^tmdfii. 
Earth,  «.  ,^j\  ari  (pi.  ^1^^  flrd(ft); 

(the  element  earth),  ^\ji  turah.   The 


inhabitants  of  the  earth,  ijoji\  ^l^^ 
ahdll  Vard*  The  &oe  of  the  earth, 
^^\  ^j  wt^  Vard,  The  globe  of 
the  earth,  ^J\  i^  kurrat  Ford.  To 
hide  in  the  earth,  (joJi\  ^^  l/^ 
khafa*  fit  Vard.  [majhol  amnMob, 

Earth-bom(meanly  bom),  <,.,>.m.v^^  J^^t^ 

Earthen,  i^\p  turdll. 

Earthiness,  ^-'|/  Uirdh. 

Earthy  (belonging  to  this  world),  t^j^ 
ardi,    ^^^Jlx    ^laml;    (corporeal), 

Earthquake,  v,  lipj  wakiolat  (pL  Jjlj 

Earthy, ^\p turdhl\  (terrestrial), *^j 

ardf. 
Ease  (rest),  i^\jrdhae;  (facility),  iiy^ 

iuhyJat;  (carelessness),  JUjb^  ikmdl; 

(gracefulness,    want    of    constraint). 

Ease,  V,  (give  rest),  f^j  rayyak. 

Easily  (without  difficulty),  iij^  Jij 
hikol  tuhiHat 

Ea8ines8(facility),X]j^n«Ail/0^y«Mjyaiar. 

East,  8.  O/^  nuuhrik.  (pL  ^JJ^^^ 
mathdrtk),  ^\^  shark.  The  east  and 
west,  i^jM^^j  fJjJMA^\  al  nuuhrik  wal 
maghrib  (pi.  c^U^llj  ^ll^t  al  Ma« 

ahdrik  w&l  magh&rib).  Distant  as  the 
east  from  the  west,  ^j^jLa!\  Om  hu^ 
al  maihralAn, 

Easter,  t^^t  Junlf  al  ^d  aduharif^ 

.^\  Jufi  ^d  affath. 

Easterly,  eastern,  ^^j^  Bharld  (fern. 
iLS^  sharkiyat). 

<m 

Easy  (not  difficult),  ^^^^  hayyim,  ,J^ 

sahel;  (contented),  if^]j  rddi.     For 

this  mode  of  prooeeding  bringeth  loTera  to- 
gether, and  by  it  things  that  are  dtfficuU  an 


ECL 


(619) 


EDI 


rendered  ea8y,t->U^ll!  ^^  j-^ap;!  j^ 

Eat,  p.  J$\  akd.    To  eat  and  drink, 

^j^^  cKI  <ikal  wa  %hereb.     So  we 

ate  what  food  we  had  in  our  dwellings,  and 
after  that  we  fell  i^on  the  beasts  and  ate  them, 

and  there  remained  nothing,^\^t«lJ^li 

Eatable,  J/U  mahal,  J^^  yatidial. 

Eaten,  Jj^U  mdikal. 

Eater,   8.   jUl   olkdL     A  maa«eater 

(cannibal),  ^jmUII  Jl^l  akkdl  annds. 
Eating,  part.  pret.  J^l  aakS;  $.  JjS\ 

aid.    Eating  and  drinking,  <-r^^  J^^ 

akl  tea  shitrh, 
Ebb,jjp-y<wr.     The  ebb  and  flow  (of 

the  tide),  tXyjjjs^jaar  toa  mad. 
Ebony,  ^/»^  t  ahn^. 
Ebriety,^^C«  9ukr. 

EbalIition,&fi£i/ai|/aib^,^ULc  ghaiayan. 
Eccentric   (deviating  from  the  centre, 

irregular),    Sjl^USI  uJi»-   IhUaf  al 

kd^idat. 
Ecclesiaatio,  adf.  ^c^^  idndfH. 
Echo,  I JU0  sadd,  ^\j  yaghi. 
Echo,  r.  _il£  ^^aa  ^mal  ydghl. 

Eclat,  (JJ^j  raumak,  [^  diyd. 

Eclipse,  t.  (of  the  sun),  uJLX;\  inH- 
'^/;  (o^  the  moon),  u.i>^*»«<-  Ihmuf. 

Eclipse,  V.  (the  son),  u, tt^  iMa/;  (the 
moon),  t— Qm:v.  khasaf. 

Eclipsed  (as  the  snn),  ^a>i.iCv>«  mtin- 
kasif;  (as  the  moon),  uJ^kio^  mun* 
khoiif.  To  be  eclipsed  (snn),  ujL>(}\ 
inkasaf;    (moon),   co.at'irl    itikhasqf* 


When  the  hands  of  time  play  with  us,  mis* 
fortune  is  imparted  to  us  by  its  protracted  kiss. 
In  the  sky  are  stars  that  cannot  be  counted ; 
but  none  u  eclipsed  sare  the  sun  and  the  moon, 


UUj  b  J^J^S  ^^\  cUu:  J.  Ji 


Ecliptic,  $.  ^jti^A&W  (Jijb  tarik  oBhthamSy 
^  j^l  <iih;  ^  mantakat  al  huruj. 

Econoqiy  (frugality),  JIjcl^I  i^tddl; 
(arrangement),    c,.wy    ^^!3,    Ui^ 

funm,  i^Uasjf  ttUisdm.  [mu^iadil* 

Economic,  economical  (frugal),  Jjcj(/« 
Ecstacy,  ^jfjl^  cJUaaErl  tnkhitdfarrawh. 

I  soothe  my  heart  in  my  passion,  and  conceal 
it ;  but  mv  state  showeui  and  interpreteth  my 
loYa  When  my  tears  flow,  I  say,  My  eye  is 
sore,  lest  the  censurer  should  see  and  under- 
stand my  condition.  I  was  free  from  care, 
and  knew  not  what  love  was ;  but  have  be- 
come enamoured,  and  with  emdayed  heart  I 
submit  my  case  to  you,  complaining  of  my 
passion  and  my  eostaoy,  that  you  may  pity 
and  show  mercy.  I  have  written  it  with  the 
tears  of  mv  eye,4hat  {wrchance  it  may  exnlain 
to  you  the  Iotc  with  which  you  have  affectea  me, 

C^  i^  J»-  ^  *  W^  v/e*  t-"* 

Ecstatic,  JtViwK  nuut&l,  JLft  jw<  madh&l. 

Eddy,  t.  ij4^  ghamrat. 

Edge  (thin  catting  part  of  a  blade),  *x>- 
hadd.  An  edge  (border),  ^li^  kandr^ 
LjtfU^  hdahiyat,  ^Jo  tar  of. 

Edged  ^M  kdti^y  I9-  hadd. 

Edict,  «.  ^1  omr,  S>-  hukm.  The 
royal  signature  on  public  edicts,  frr^y 

EdificatioUy  ^»Jl«j  ta^lim,  Zjy  tarbiyat, 


EFP 


(620) 


EGB 


Edifice,  8.  ^Ux  ^tmdrat,  ^J^^  hmjfdn, 
Edifj,  V.  c-^jf  addabf  Jx  ^aUam. 

Edition  (of  a  book),  hJ^  tab^,  Sjmj 

nashrat. 
Editor,  8.J^\j  ndshir. 
Educate,  v.  _j^  rabl<f.  ^d\  adddb* 

<m  I 

Educated,  ^,y  murabha\    They  were 

educated  with  ^reat  care,  magnificence,  and 
tenderness,  and  instmcted  in  polite  arts  and 
accomplishments.  They  learned  oaligrapfay 
and  genera]  science,  and  the  art  of  amninis* 
tratioirand  horsemanship,  until  they  attained 
the  utmost  perfection,  and  hecame  distin- 
guished hy  oonsummate  beauty  and  loTelineas, 

L-LJl^  jOJlj  kiiJl  UU?j  JUXll^ 

Education,  Xj^  tarHjfa$,  ^JuJ  ta^lim, 

c->j\  addb.  [i/i*:?^'  ankha. 

Eel,  i,  CL^ll^l  tl.\4>..»  samak  al  hayyAt, 

Efbce,  V.  See  Deface,  Erase,  Obliterate. 

Effect  (that  which  is  produced  by  an 

operating  cause),  ^Ij   UMr^  ^^^ 

natljaU     The  cause  and  effect,  J^pSI 

al  usUl  wdlftn^^).  Effect  (purpose), 
^  fi!ya^,  (j^  gharad,  Juoi  A0m(; 
(completion),  (Ja^Jo  ^oibntf. 

Effects,  JU  mdl  (pi.  J|^t  amira/),  jjj 
risifc  (pi.  jljj^  orsdit,  jlic  ^oi^dr). 
Private  effects,  Xi^lsM  J\^lf  (d  am- 
ufdl  al  khdMat.  [^kammal. 

Effect,  V.  (effectuate),  maj  tammam,  Ji^ 

Effected,  aUj  ^iimam.    To  be  effected, 

Effectible,  j^  yatum. 
Effective,  effectual,  efficacious,  efficient, 
J)^  muanir,  ^\^  kdfl,  XJlcU  dd  laho 


EflEectively,  effeetoally,  eficacioiidy,  JO 
iyi  hikol  kUwat,  XixU  J^  Mb/  Jo- 
^iyat;  (completely),  UUj  feww^waa. 

Effeminacy  (female  softness),  ^vjw  jm- 

Effeminate  (soft),   ^U  fiel^fifi;    (lasd- 

vious),  ^}^\i  fiuik,  C^ljfl  c,  .^wL 
sdhib  ihahwdt. 
Effeminate,  v.  (soften),  m  na^jMm. 

Effervesce, «.  ^Jlc  ghM. 
Efferveseence,  ^;ULe  yhdaydn. 
Efficacy,  efficiency,  iA^SAfi^Uiyat.  See 
Effect,  Agency.  [EfEective. 

Efficadous,  efficient,  ^JlaU  fSL^ih.     See 

Effigy,  if^^  ^Aro^,  Jiw  «Aai/. 

Effiuz,  efinzion,  (JXamJI  imifak.  See 
Effusion.  ["^W^^  tSF*^i%di2. 

Effort,  ^A-i  Mt*,  Jcr  y«W,  Jb^s^  >aW, 

Effirontery,  ^ISj  wakShaL  See  Impu- 
dence. 

Effusion,  '*^g  ' 8afk,  \^^^  «ai.  The  effu- 
sion of  blood,  i*«>I\  (I,^fl.rf  8afk  addam. 

Eft.     See  Lizard.  [maudan. 

E.  O.  (exempli  gratia,  for  example),  It^ 

Egg,  «.  Xiaj  haydat    The  eggs  of  fish, 

jL^   Mtfiydr.    An  egg-shell,  jl^ 

XiA«J1  J&MAr  a/  haydai.     I  was  een- 

vinced,  therefore,  that  the  dome  which  I  had 
seen  was  one  of  the  ^gs  of  the  Rukh.  I  won- 
dered at  the  works  of  the  Creator  (whose  name 

be  exalted!)  ^\  La1\  ^  (juJJ^ii 

JU;  ^j\l\  jU  ^  c^^  Jl 

^g?»  ^'    See  Investigate,  Incite. 
Eglantine,  «•  (a  species  of  rose  or  sweet- 
briar),  ^^jmJ^  jtdn%9rin. 

Egotism,  <Lj)^\  Mtdniyatp  LU\ji\  Cy>^«fc- 

htbh  audi. 
Egregious,  fJ^^idmU,  J^^^  nmiamwul. 


XKB 


(621) 


EID 


EgregiooBly  (ezoeecl]iigly)i   i^-^^J^  hi 

EgreM,  egNsnon,  '^Jj^  ihmritf. 

Ejaculstey  v.  JlS  isisy  Ji^  hawiala. 

And  tbe  King,  q>eaki]ig  in  a  low  Toioe,  and 
adapting  kiB  ton^ae  to  the  pronunciatioii  of 
the  Uacki,  ejaciuated.  There  is  no  ttreogth 
nor  power  Imt  in  Gk>d,  the  Meet  High  and  the 


Most  Great!  ^^ 

J\j^  JijjJ]  jLt  jJlC;^  iOLi  ^ 

Ejaculation,  «.  (short  or  sudden  prayer), 
i^J  da^wat;  (throw),  ^j  ramh 

Ejecty  9.  (drive  oat),  ^^;£>^^  Mrqf;  (to 
cast  atray),  ^^  ^«A ;  (to  void  from 
the  month),  9f!^  isiafragh.  To 
eject  from  an  (^ioe,  Jjc  ^<im^. 

Ejectment,  «.  (from  a  possession),  ^|/^^ 
f,^\j^\  ^  ikhrdj  min  al  mirds. 

Ejection,  ^rlr^^  ikkrdj.   See  Expulsion. 

Eigh  or  eh,  mtmj,  i\  ah,  \A. 

Eight,  ^Uj  tamdniyat.  The  eighth, 
^^U  9&m%n,  An  eighth  (part),  ^jAJ 
sumn*  Eighteen,  yM4fiXjUj«amSniy0^ 
^har.  The  eighteenth,  jJLc  ^U 
sdmin  ^ashar  (fern.  ^^«Lcil^b  sdmifMt 

fOsharai).    Eightfold,   i^UjI  ^Uj 

^i     I** 
samdnnfot  ad^df.    Eighthly,   L^u  «d- 

minan.  The  eightieth,  ^;y  Uj  MmdnSM. 

Eight  score,    ^^^  ^L«   mdya^  10a 

8tUtun.  Eighty,^yUj«amd»i2n,^Uj 

samdnin.     Eight  hundred,  ^U^Uj 

«aind»  mdyat.     Eight  thousand,  ^^Uj 

uJJ^  Mmdn  ate/. 

Either,  b  yd,  jt  oi^.  Either  the  one  or 
the  other,^)!  b  d^\^\  \jydai  wdhid 
yd  al  akkar.  Either  of  you,  S  •Xft^l 
ahadhum.  Either  side,  ^;«JU»-ydm'&f ft. 

Eke,  V.  See  Add,  Increase,  Lengthen, 
Supply. 


To  elaborate,  J^  hamnud,    Elabo^ 

rately,  Iul^I  JG  hOool  i^tind,  ilj  Jij 

hikol  dikhai. 
Slanoe,  9.    See  Throw  on^  Dart 
Elapse,  9.  y  mar,  Jtj  %dl,  CL>U  /d^, 
fnad^.      The   time  which  is 


elapsed,  ^\^\  ^*^^J  namdn  al  mddi. 

But  there  had  not  elapsed  more  than  a  little 
while  before  the  party  of  Kinf  EaBemendel 
were  roated,  and  Mtook  thenuebres  to  flight, 

seeking  their  own  safety,^^  ^^  As 

Jf\v.4^1  kl^L^S  i»y  aJ^\  ^j:.^^  l&Li 

^It  iF^cOJj  ^^U  \^^^ 

Elastic  (springy,  springing),  ^l^fJl 
IdBiik. 

Elate,  yJcL^  mutakabhir. 

Elate,  v.jSs^  ^L^x^  ^maldho  mutakahhir 

Elation,>^^Juf  takahhur.  \%ind. 

Elbow,  «.  (j^j^  marfak^  c  ^  hi^  jjj 

Elder  brother,  n^jS^  Jl^  aldkh  alakhar. 

Elder,  s,  (a  man  whose  age  gives  him 
authority),  ^^  ihayk.  Elders,  ^^^J^ 
shaynkhf  fC^iSu^  mashdyekh,  /^yA\  ^Lcl 

a^dn  al  kanom,  [j^mr* 

Elderly,  y4jJb  i^^^x:^  mutakaddim  hil- 

Eldership,  i^^i^  thaykhnkhat ;  (pri- 
mogeniture), ^j^^  hakurtyat. 

Eldest,  Sj  hikr.     And  he  has  set  over 

this  tract,  of  which  I  haye  informed  thee,  his 
eldest  daughter,  the  chief  of  her  sisters ;  and 
she  IB  distinguished  hy  bravery  and  horseman- 
ship, and  guile  and  artifice,  and  enchantment, 
hy  which  she  can  overcome  all  the  people  of 

her  dominions !  ^Is.  cl^Uil  _J^  JJj 
Elder  tree, «.  ^UJ^^iBr*  BOfor  al  balaidn. 


ELE 


(622) 


ELO 


Elecampane  (herb),  ^^\j  rdion^  r^^ 

jandh,  ^<^ti  JiMfifj  tif^tbil  thaml. 

Elect,  V.  L.^JsXi\  Makhab.Jc^S  ilM&r, 
f^  nahka\ 

Elect,  elected,  jlif^  mukhtdr,  i,,>^aCU^ 
muntakhahf  ^Jicua^  muitafi^. 

Election,  c-;lkl3t  inttthdh. 
Elective,  i^.Jc\ij  yuntdkkab. 

Electively,  c^l^Xb  hilMikhah. 
Elector,  s,  i— ^^"CU^  mufUakhib, 

m 

Electro  (amber),  bj^l^  kdhrahd. 
Electrical,  ^j  jl>- /dsift. 
Electricity,  t^Sp^janb,  ^j\s^jdMj/aL 
Electuary,  «•  ^y^  ma^'Hn  (pi.  ^^;:*^^ 

Eleemosynary  (living  npon  alms),  (^Ic 
c:^Ium^\  ^  ^dywA  mm  al  hasandt; 
(giving  in  charity),  JLiu>-  hasanat. 

Elegance,  i3\Ja  wr&fat,  XiUJ   VMfat, 

fkiit.   Elegance  in  speaking  or  writing, 

J[c)b  haldffhat,  ^L^-Loi  fasdhat.     And 

he  had  a  daughter  of  surprising  beauty  and 
loveliness,  surpassinj^  in  elegance  and  in  eyerr 
grace,  endowed   with   ahnndant   sense   and 

eminent  polite  accomplishments,  ui^  l^^ 

m 

Elegant,  t—flJfll  laiif,  <— aj^  *^lf$  {j***>^ 
ham,  <J--4»>-  jamllf  ^-^  hahl.     Most 

elegant,  uJ^l  asra/*,  ^^^M^fiwf  ahsan. 

Elegantly,  ^lla!  J^  ^M  latdfaU 

Elegy,   9.  (poem),   ifju^  huldat  (pi. 

Jjl^^dyu^.  A  mourning  or  funeral 

song,  iJ^  morMya^  (pi.  ^5/*  »w»^^'^)- 

Element,  ^•d:x  ^tfn«fir(pl.^li£  ^diidnr). 

The  four  elements,  ijoJ\j^\:^\  a/- 

^and«tr  dl  arhaffU.    The  four  elemen- 


tary qualities  of  man,  tl^l  ^J^^  ^ 
arha^at  akMdt,  The  elements  or  letters 

of  a  language,  Isrl  (-J;|^  kwitf  al 
hnifd.  The  elementB  or  mdimentB  of 
science,  Jji\  c5fc>U^  nuibddi  id  ipm. 
Elemental,  elementary  (belonging  to  the 
elements),  \^j^^^  ^tciMtfrl;  (unoom- 
pounded),  ^^^j^j^ghiyrmiuraLkak. 

Elephant,  f.  J^^  fll.  An  elephaot 
keeper  JUi  fayydl.  The  elephantiasu 
(disease  of  the  elephant),  iS^^  "^^^ 
daa  alfll.  ^^J  ^^f^ 

Elevate,  v.  ^le,   ^a22a',  v,,.wii   natah, 

Elevate,  elevated,  ^^j^  fnarf&^    JU 

Elevation,  eliJj\  irtifd^     Elevaikm  or 

sublimity  of  style,  c^Utl  Undh. 
Elevator,  «.  ^U  rdfi^ 

Eleven,  jtx.  «x^l  ahhad  ^har*  The 
eleventh,  JLc  4^jl>»  Ad<ft  ^ocAor. 

El^  9.  (a  spirit  supposed  to  be  seen  in 
wild  places),  J^  ghol. 

Elicit,  r.  Uy^c*^  tahab. 

Eligibility,  eligibleness, 

laydkat  al  intikhdh. 
Eligible,   fjJi   Idyik, 

f^\s^V[  4— ,.i>"i:M»><  mtutawiih  4U  m- 

tikhdh. 
Elision  (cutting  off  a  letter  or  syllable, 

etc.),  L^s>^  haxf^ 
Elixir,^^-ywwkS^\  akiir. 
Ell,  %,  clj  J  soro^. 

Elm- tree,  «. jl J;J  darddr,  t^J^  6iUt«d. 
Elocution,  i»^\mai  fasdluU,  ish  haldyhaL 
Elogy,  .Ju^  mo^A.     See  Encomium, 

Praise,  Panegyric. 
Eloigne,  v.  (putat  adistance),  jJL  fta^coi. 
Elongate,  i;.  (lengthen),  Jjib  tot^mi/; 


jwuib. 


ELS 


(623) 


EMA 


(to  go  at  a  distance),  JuaJ  m^J  rdA 

Elongation  (lengthening),  Jj^^  tatu^I; 

(distance),  Jju  hu^d;  (departure),  ^\ji 

firak. 
Elope,  9.  jifarr^  f^^\  inhaaam. 
Elopement,  jlyj^dr,  Aj^^  Mm&m. 

Eloqnence,  i^\^fMdhat,  ^)b  haldghat. 

I  diye  in  the  ocean  of  eloonenoe,  where  I 
select  the  hest  pearls ;  and  n'om  the  tree  of 
speech  I  coll  the  ripe  and  heantifial  fruit,  while 

others  gather  the  dry  wood,  _9  u^^^ 


jyiU .    And  persuade  by  the 

gloziog  of  the  tongne,  and  deceiye  hy  the 
magic  of  eloqnence.  famine  the  state  of  a 
market  hefore  taking  thy  wares  to  it,  and  coax 
a  she-camel*s  teat  before  attempting  to  milk 
it.  Inquire  about  a  meadow  before  seeking 
pasture  m  it,  and  smooth  a  place  for  thy  side  be- 


fore lying  down,  ^LJJ\  9  ^  u^-J^lj 

Eloquent,  .^uai  /mIA,  ^Jj  haligh.  Host 

eloquent,  ,/^\  afiah. 

Eloquently,  ath,  A>-  Lou  hifatd  hatm. 

And  the  graTc  eloquently  answered  the  in- 
quirer for  them :  Aj  to  the  cheeks,  the  rose 
10  gone  from  them.  Long  time  they  ate  and 
drank ;  but  now,  after  pleasant  eating,  they 
thenuelTes  hare  become  tne  prey  of  the  worms, 

U  Jib  JJ  *  Jaii^  Jj^\  Ifju  J^s^\ 

♦l^u  J^\ 

Else  {prw.  other),  jJ>^\  dkhar,  j^ 
ghayr;  {adv.  beside,  except),  \j^\^ 
md  ^add,  Lll>-  hdihd.  Elsewhere, 
*.T  J.«^  ^  fl  mahaU  dkhar. 


Elucidate,  v.  ^^  waddah,  ^  hayyan^ 
~jJ^  iharah,  Cr^  sharks 

Elucidation,  ^^y  tawdlh^  ^Jui  haydh, 

Elude,  V,  Jjl»>  hdwal;  (to  aYoid),^  Jo^l 
thiaMor. 

Eludible,^l«3c;^Sl  ^;^^  fMtmUn  al  ihti- 
%dr,  j\is^\  A^ji  Idtim  al  ihtudr. 

Elusion  (artifice),  ^lL>-  hUat.  See 
Stratagem. 

Elusive,  elusory,  ^ILc  ghathihdsh. 

Elysian,  ,<^^^  fairdM.  See  Delight- 
ful, Delicious. 

Elysium,  (jmjJ^I  al  fa/rdaw%^  ^jjsI 
ajjawnoit. 

Emaciate,  v.  (make  lean),  l-oaJ  <fa^^0/, 
t— aaKT*  naKhaf\  (to  be  lean  ar  become 
lean),  cJ*^  d$^f. 

Emaciated,  c^Oja^  n«Al/,  fc—fljw^  ^^f/** 

When  I  beheld,  in  the  midst  of  the  throng,  a 
person  of  emaciated  appearance,  in  tiie  garb 
of  a  trayeller,  and  with  a  plaintiye  Toice, 

LS-^i^  lli^  isLJl  if^  ^  ^\^ 

Emaciation,  ^\a^nuhdfai. 

Emanation,  j^*^  9udilr. 

Emancipate,  v.  ^^/Jifw  khaUas,  ^Js^\a^iak, 

j;)j0l  atlak.     I  possessed  what  none 

of  the  kings  possessed,  and  ruled  with 
justice,  and  acted  with  equity  and  impar- 
tiaUty  towards  my  subjects.  I  gave  and 
made  presents ;  and  I  uTcd  a  long  time  in 
the  enjoyment  of  happiness  and  an  easy  life ; 
and  I  emancipated  female  and  male  slaret, 

*^!^  ^J^^^  c:-iii:!^ 
Emancipated,  Jh^a^  mu^k.  An  eman- 
cipated slave,  fjjr^^  ma^uk. 


-  ^.^ 


EMB 


(624) 


EMB 


Emancipatioii,  ^\s^\  i^k,  Jlie\  Mdk 
Emaacalate,v.^^>a:>'khMa\  SeeCastrate. 

Emaiu  (a  town  in  Syria),  ^^4x  ^amwdt. 
Embalm,  v.  lal^.  hannai. 
Embalmed,  laxsr*  muhanruU* 
Embarcation  (^ing  on  board  8hip)i  J  aj} 

j^\  ^  nmal  fd  hahir\  (putting  on 

board),  ^j^^  waak. 
Embargo,  «.  j:^\  ^jLJ\  ^^  num^ 

anafair  fH  hahr ;   ^  i^^\yi\  ^^ 

\:^\  ^  'Kij^^  man^'fd  mar&kib  ^on 

id  hhwruj  nUn  al  mind. 
Embark,  v,  (go  on  board),^^£^l  (V  J^ 

neuHfll  hahr;  (to  put  on  board),  ^J^^ 

wuak.  And  so  he  knew  that  ther  had  em- 
barked on  the  sea,  and  punned  tneir  oonrse 
oyer  it;  in  consequence  of  which  his  hope  of 
diBcoyering  them  was  then  cut  off,  and  he 
poured  forth  tears  and  recited  these  Terses, 

j-La}1^  -Ui  \^j\^^y^\  \ySj  ^\  ^ 

Embarra88,t^.^^  Bhaww(uih,j0^hayyar. 
Embarrassed,  t^iyL^  mtuhawwash*    To 

be  embarrassed,  L^Ja^d^  mudtarih. 
Embarrassment,   ij^^   hlrat,   l^\J^\ 

idtir&by  ^JtiJ^^j  taahwlah. 
Embassador,  ambassador,  t^^\  elehi. 
Embassy,  s,  ij\sL^  saf&rat. 

Embattle,  v.  i^jS^^f^Mji\  i^Jua  %af  al 
^kar  m  harh.  See  Array ;  and  under 
Battalia.  [ah&t  hU  khallj. 

Embay,  r.  (inclose  in  a  bay  ),«^vls)b]0l»>-l 

Embellish,  v.  ^j  tayyan. 

Embellished,  ^J^  mtuayyan. 

Embellisbment,  iijj  tlnai. 

Embers  (hot  ashes),  jjJit  tharar. 

Embezzle,  v,  (to  appropriate  by  breach 
of  trust),  ^jJorLf  ikhUloi;  (to  waste 
in  riot,  etc.)>  imJj^\  aaraff  t^Jb  ialaf. 


Embezzlement,  ^UsL 

Emblem,  «.  ij\JL\  uhdrat^  h\:S hmtdyti. 

Emblematical,  emblematic,  lSt^j 

Emblematically,  U^li  hilramx. 

Embolden,  jMt>-  jataar^  ^Ji  4^^  htntwd 

hObdho.  {kdb\mt. 

EmboIiBmal,amboloiiB,(intercalary)4yMM«^ 

Embrace  (fold  in  the  arms),  ^Ic  ^amk. 

To  embrace  one  another,  ^l»  ta^- 

nak;  (to  comprise),  i^asJ^\  Mttamal; 

(to  admit,  receive),  Jkaerf  attakkm. 
And  when  his  grandmother  saw  him,  she  roe 
to  him  and  emoraoed  him,  kissed  him  belwc«:a 
the  eyes,  and  said  to  him,  Maj  thy  arriTsl  be 
hlessed,  0  my  child !  How  didat  tboa  leare 
thy  mother?  He  answered  her.  Well;  ia 
perfect  prosperity  and  good  health ;  and  rite 

salutes  thee, ^1l::.'^U  dj*Xs^  JJ\j  Uli 


vjuJlij  <L>;jr.  ^^t«  (j^Sfjj  ^Ti,v".,r^ 


Embrace,  »,  ZajIa^  mu^nakai,  i}Li»- 
haddtuU,  Conjugal  embraces,  JU« 
trwd/,  oUb^/tmdc. 

Embracer,  «.  J^U/t  mu^dnik. 

Embroider,  v.jjio  tarran.    She  was  dad 

in  a  shirt  of  fine  and  delicate  Venetiaii  stuff, 
with  two  borders  of  gold,  emhroidered  in  the 
most  admirable  manner,  presenting-  the  foUow- 
ing  yerses  worked  upon  the  extremity  of  eadi 

sleeve  .  ,  .  j^j^^  fj^i^\iAs^. 

Embroideiy,  JiJ^  tatrU.     Then  they 

passed  thence  to  the  third  chamber,  in  which 
they  found  closets  havine  upon  their  doors 
closed  locks,  and  over  them  were  cmtains 
worked  with  Tarious  kinds  of  embroidery* 

\,j^y  tiJlsll  ^JAt^\  ^J\  \^\  ^ 
Leiyj  iiLu  JUii  Lfcl*  Jij^  ^ 


EHI 


(625) 


XMf 


Embroili  v,  )aiS->  khalat. 
Embiyoy  #.  ^j^i>P^  janln. 
Emendable,  JLci\,^^>ji^  mumUnaluldh. 

Emendatioii,  ^^\  itldh. 

Emendator,  «.  ^^"^^  nnuaUth. 

Emerald,  9.  Jj^j  vumunrud.  And  in  the 

midst  of  that  dome  was  a  great  dome-crowned 
structure  of  alabaster,  around  which  were 
lattice  windows,  decorated  and  adorned  with 
oblong  emeralds,  each  as  none  of  the  kings 

could  procure,  Li  L^\  cl^  la^^  ^j 

j*xJJi  ^j^\  uW-^  ij^j^  ij^^JL^ 

Emerge,  v,jXa  tsder,  iUX'^  hedes* 
Emergence,   emergency   (sadden    occa- 
sion), L)j\^  h&diiot ;  (the  act  of  rising 
into  view),  jy^  tvhur,  ^  ^  iulu^ 
j^Ju0  sudur. 
Emergent  (sadden),  iAks.  ^Jlc  ^M  gha- 

JUU,   c^*o^  j^  ghayr  mutarakkab  ; 

(rising  into  view),  ^J^\j  ndshl,  jCLa 

adder. 
Emeroids  or  emerods,  8.  jy^,  hdsUr  (pi. 
j^^y  hawdtlr).   An  herb  which  cares 

the  emerods  (verbascam  or  mallein), 

OjJI  ^\o\  asLdn  al  dubh. 

Emetical,  emetic,  ^y^L^  munatiik 
Emetic,  «.  c|^i:u«)^  utifrdgh. 

Emigrate,  v,j\jM\ilJp  iarak  addiydr, 

jS^  hajr.  [uIhF^  hijrdn. 

Emigration,  ^^^  ^y  t(frk  al  watan, 

Eminence,  eminency  (exaltation  in  rank), 

iji^  jaldl,  <Lt\^  kardmatf  ^  ^utp. 

Eminence  (height),  fUjjl  irtifd^.  An 

eminence  (high  groand),  Jj  tal.    In 

proportion  to  one's  care  and  solicitude  emi- 
nences are  gained;  and  he  who  seeketh  emi- 
nence roust  pass  numberless  sleepless  nights. 
He  dives  into  the  sea  who  seeketh  for  pearls, 
and  obtaineth  majesty  and  perfect  success. 
Whoso  seeketh  eminenoe  without  making  the 


greatest  efforts  to  obtain  it,  loses  Bis  life  in 
searching  for  an  impossibility,  jjl!\j  J^ 

jJliJ^  v,,.^Viy  ^y  *  jJU#eJ\  c.  ■>!»«"«>  7 

s-^  u^j  •  J'i^S  *^WV  J^^j 

Eminent  (exalted  in  degree),  ^\c  ^dft, 
i>^jJ^  thartf.  Very  eminent,  c^^^^^U 
^[&  i*lL«  idhib  makdm  ^lU  Emi- 
nent men,  ^^^^  S-'Vj^  arhdh  al 
ma^tl,  \ijJ^  thurafd.  Eminent  (con- 
spicaoos),  i^-f-M*.^  nuuhhilr,  uJj^;^-^ 
ma^rnf. 

Eminently,  ^Ic  ^y  ^*  wajhin  ^dU. 

Emissary,  i.  ^j^tyja^  jdsiLi. 

Emission  (sending  out),  ^\p^^  tkhrdj, 
j\xa\  uddr. 

Emit,  V.  (send  forth),  'T/^^  ahhrc^. 

Emollient,  ^JX^  mulayyin. 

Emolament,  if JjU  fdyidat,  ^a3  im/^, 
ijlU^  ma^h,  [tion. 

Emotion,  ^\Ja^\  idtiruh.     See  Agita- 

Empale,  v,  (a  man),  JJ^  hhawzah 

Emperor,  «.  {or  king),  ^llsL*  8tMdn. 
The  Emperor  of  Bome,  jma3  kaysar. 
The  Emperor  of  China,  j^^  fagh/Hr. 

Emphatic.     See  Forcible,  Energetic. 

Empire  (command),  *^  hukm,j^\  amr ; 

(the  imperial  dignity),  ^laL»  saltanat. 
An  empire  or  kingdom,  ^SIa^  mam- 

ktkat,  hisaLa  saltanat,  iiyj  dawUU.  And 

she  said,  0  my  mother,  verily  I  fear  for  our 
kingdom ;  for  I  came  to  you,  and  acc^uainted 
not  any  one  of  the  people  of  the  empire ;  and 
I  dread,  if  I  remain  long  away  from  them, 
that  the  kingdom  will  be  alienated  from  us, 
and  that  the  dominion  will  depart  from  our 

hands,  ^<Lc  isi^^  s^\  ^\  \j  sji-Jli^ 

'\l.y  Jc^\  Jl U ^f jJl «: ^ 

40 


EICP 


(626) 


EXA 


Uj  Jj!  ^  J[Ou«JU  The  King,  there- 
fore, rejoieed  at  this  exeeedmgiij.  He  fum- 
mooed  the  judges  and  witnesMs,  and  the  chief 
offioen  of  flie  empire,  and  the  grandeea,  and 
wrote  Kamar-cx-Zaman's  contract  of  marriage 
to  hia  daughter,  the  Qneen  Hajat-cn-Naloa. 

Employ,  V.  (keep  another  at  work),  a 

khaddam,  ^fij^  ihaghghdl.  To  employ 
oneself,  JjcJ«\  iMaghdl.  To  employ 
one  another,  \^\Jjjj  ttuhdghakL.  To 
employ  (use  asan  instmment  or  means), 
J^r-.^J  iita^mdl.     To  employ  every 

endeavour,  2a^\  J  jj  hasdl  al  himmat, 
^^iuJt  J  jj  haiud  aua^f  *^^^^^  J«^ 
lawal  al  majMd.  To  employ  (com- 
mission or  entmst),  JS^  wakkal.     If 

I  employ  not  some  stratafem  with  him,  therehy 
to  defend  myiielf  from  him,  he  will  gain  pos- 
Mttion  of  me,  and  attain  his  desire;  for  he 
is  in  lore,  and  the  loTer,  whateyer  he  does,  is 

not  to  be  blamed  for  it,  f^^^  ^J  ^L» 

Employable,  JUjclJII  S"^!^  t&q;»}  al 

uti^mdl,  [tnashghul. 

Employed,  J«LuL<«  mtuhtaffhil,  J^LuL^ 

Employer,  «.  (one  that  uses),  J^ta^^ 

Employment,  employ,  jAia  Bhug}dfj/%\ 
amTf  ^^AA  ^amal;  (office),  a_--/7'— r 
mantab;  (service),  iUJ^  Jchidmat, 

mm 

Empoison,  v,  f^A^  tammam.  See  Poison. 

Emporium,  9,  (mart),  jJcj  bandar,  j\j[) 
hdnar. 


Empower,  r.  ^joyfmffwad. 

Empress, «.  i^  fiNiUb^,  ij  UsLi  MfttdMl 

Emptiness,  ]U^  MaJ^. 

Empty  (void),  JU.  £k?ft,  ^^ViM 

Empty,  V.  ^^jios  fadd^i. 

Empyrean,  t.  (highest  heaven),  ^^ 

^^^.id^t  a/  ih«r«i. 

Emulate,  v.  (endeavour  to  equal  «r  ex- 
cel, without  envy),  ^La  tdbak. 

Emulation,  i^  ghlrat,  Jmu»->  Aoasi. 

Emulously,  S^  J^  hikol  ghJrat, 

Enable,  v.jjjjtaddar,  i^^  kaww^^  And 

the  old  woman  said  nnto  him.  By  thr  ytnd. 
I  mnst  risk  my  life  for  thee,  and  eoaUe  tto 
to  attain  thy  desire,  and  accomplish  for  tbre 

that  which  is  in  thy  heart,  ^  clJliJ 

Enact,  v.j^\  amor,  aC^  haJuan. 
Enamel,  l:^^  mind* 

Enamour,  r.  ^Jm4^  ^m^«£.     Now  wba 

Bedr  heard  their  words,  and  understood  wbit 
they  said,  from  first  to  last,  and  the  dexiip- 
tion  of  the  yoong  lady  mentioned  by  hia  uudt, 
he  became  enamonred  of  her  by  ear ;  bot  b« 
pretended  to  them  that  he  waa  asleep  i 
flame  of  fire  was  kindled  in  his  heart  on  ber 

account,  Lt  ^^  U^IL^  jjj  w^^  U!i 

Enamoured,  ^J^lc  ^d«At%.  To  be  deeply 
enamoured,  \^y^  ^^U  ^d#AA  ma/- 


fiim.  Has  the  archer  shot  me,  or  hsTi 
thine  eyesP  Thou  hast  destroyed  the  heart 
of  the  enamoured  on  his  looking  at  thee! 
Has  the  notched  arrow  been  snddenlj  laaoed 
at  me  from  the  midst  of  an  army,  or  nom  thT 

window  ?  ♦  cJl:ifir-  A  {j^!f^  ^S^} 


ENC 


(627) 


END 


Encamp^  9.  a<»s^  ib&tfj^tfm. 

Encampment,  #.  ^^ji^l  tircft. 
Enchant,  9.  ,«*'  Miibr. 


Enchanted,  jj^^**^  nuuhfkr.    And  the 

Kine  went  out  and  fonnd  the  yomij;  man  who 
had  Deen  enchanted  waiting  for  hm,  and  he 
congratnlated  him  on  hia  safetr;  and  the 
joimg  man  kined  his  hand  and  thanked  him, 

Enchanter,  «.  ^La  idAir,  jlsr*  MAAdr. 

Thia  damiel  ia  the  dat^ghter  of  one  of  the 
great  kings,  and  her  father  possesses  men  and 
Jan,enchuiters,diTineiB,  taibes,  guards,  regions, 

and  oitiee,  clJX«  u:..^  <Ly>aH  iJJb  ^t 

iTyi^'it^^  iiii(,  jyB-^  iJisr^  Ci 

Enchanting^  adf.jS***^  WHisMr, 
Enchantment  (magic  charms),  ^^^*^  sihr. 
Enchantments,  ^Ue  ^tfsdytm. 

Enchantress, «.  (sorceress),  i^  Li  s&hirat. 
Encircle,  v.  tij^  f-Le  ^c^  wada^  ^ihi 

t&ra. 
Enclose,  «.  (sorroond),  )a\^\  ahdt;  (to 

confine),  ^/ub*>>  Ao^. 

Enclosure,  i,  iU^l^*!  ihatai,  jya  tHr, 
Ou«>  foi^.  An  enclosare  of  pales, 
^J^jfj  liara&Bln.  An  endosnre  for 
catUe,^^«la>-  hatMr. 

Encomiast,  ^jl«  mddih,  -.Ij^  madddh. 

Encomium,  -Jw«  modA,  JL4b>>  AtfmJ. 

Encompass,  v.  Ll^  A^^,  jl  J  (^r.    See 

Encircle,  Enclose.  And  he  has  assigned 
to  his  children  (the  damsels  whom  thou 
aawest)  a  tract  of  a  whole  year's  journey  in 


length  andhreadth;  and  that  tract  is  encom- 
passed  by  a  great  riTer,  so  that  no  one  can 
gain  aeoesft  t»  that  place,  neither  any  of  man- 
kind, nor  any  of  the  Jan,  (J-«-^  oJj 

Encore,  ^Ui^  Jamdn^  [^aA  aydan.  See 
Again. 

Encounter  (hattle),  *^•^;>-  Aiir5;  (acci- 
dental meeting),  iflil«  fndldk&t,ijj\0a^ 
mwddafat',    (ci»aal  inddeat),  ijLjy 

Encounter  (oomhat),  ^-i;l^-  hdrab ;  (to 
meet  face  to  face),  uJjl^  9ddaf\  (to 
(^^x)8e),  i^U^  khdlaf,  ij^j\^  ^rad. 

Encourage,  «•  (animate),  jmsp^  jassar, 
i*\j^ i<^^ ''t*** J(»rat  To enco\irage 
an  insurrection,  jLJ!!  cJ^  harrak 
alfiudd,  [^harrak. 

Encouraged   (stimulated),   cJjS^  mu- 

Encouragement,  {jjjja^tahrfkf  ^joijs^ 

tahrid, 
Encourager,  8.  ^j^^  muharrik. 
Encroach,  v.  ,Jlc  ^Jju  ta^adda^  ^la^, 

JjUaJ  tatdwal. 
Encroachment,  J^Usj  tatdwul, 

Encumher,  v,  ^Jji^  htmnud. 
Encumhered,  e  yj^^  momnfl^. 

Encumbrance  (impediment),  ^^  man^, 

(j0;5u  ^^tirmi;  (burden),  4j^4^  huml\ 

(debt),  <jo/  A«rrf,  ^^u>  dayn. 
End  (conclusion),  ^£>^  I  oitA^  (pl.^^^l 

awdJihir);  Sji\c  ^dkthai,  iAL  ghdx^at 
(pi.  CD\Ak  ghaydt)\  (of  a  book), 
i^\:^hhdtmat\  (aim,  intention),  Ju^i 
Ami?,  4>|^  mi«rd<?;  (an  event),  Py 


END 


(628) 


END 


iffuku^;  (death),  J^l  ajal,  UL^y 
mawt;  (abolition),  JUajf  ibtsl.     The 

«nd  of  the  world,  j^t«jJl  (j«5/*^'  •»- 
h'rdd  asaamdn.  To  the  end  of  time, 
^Ulll  ji-T  ^}\  th*  ahkar  asmmdn, 

^UjJt  lfj\  ^\  Ha'  mtihd  mtsMmdn. 

The  end  of  a  eentence  or  period,  L.dr^ 
makatt.  The  end  of  a  verse,  XJlS 
kdfiyaU  The  end  of  a  speech  or  letter, 
a)L^1  (*^^^^  J^Afi^Sm  a/  haldm.  Brought 
to  an  end,  .  ^  j"*;^  muntahl.     In  the 


end,  ^^ \j:>^  1 4ii&A^  a/  amr.    To  no  end 

li?^  hatilan. 
End,  t;.  (bring  to  an  end),  *^  ^amitiam ; 
(come  to  an  end),  ^^^\  tntaha^ ;  (to 

pat  to  death),  J:J  katal.     And  when 

they  had  ended,  they  came  forth,  and  each 
of   them   put    on    her   dress   of  feathers, 

Endamage,  9.  S^'LubS^I  uf^  ^auntt'o^^^ 

"kha^drat. 
Endanger,  i;.  y^)o\^  hkdtar  fl. 

Endear,  t;.  \jS.  ^a«uns. 

Endeavour,  tX^  yaA<?,  J^  jad^  J^^^ 

djtihdd,   ^<«»*}  «a^I,    /♦U^iib^   iJUimdm, 
'  ••  • 

<«fjul\  ikddm,  A  great  endeavour, 
aIJ  ^Uubl  ihtimdm  tdm.  With  every 
endeavour,  ^UiJbl  J^  it^/  ihtimdm, 
(J;^^«^  _juj  J^  hikol  ia^  jamlL 

Endeavour,  v,  tX>-jadd,  ^^Ami  «a^a'.  Now 

it  happened,  in  accordance  with  confirmed 
destiny  and  determined  fate,  that  the  Queen 
was  in  lore  with  the  Prince  Alassad,  and  she 
wrote  him  a  letter,  endeavouring  to  conciliate 

hia  affection,  Lia!^^  aj^\j^\j  J^l) 
u-^  iS  Vi^:-*^^  Jjurfll  <U«^  jjl  fH>s^\ 

Ended,  aUj  ^amam,  ^^es^i^  mutammam, 


muntahl.    The  book  is  ended, 
(finis),  lJ^\  Ji  tamd  iitdh 
Endive,  bjoJb  hindihd. 
Endless    (not   terminated),    ^^^fj^^^i 

ghayrmuntah%  ^\:s^j^  ghvfrw^- 

••  • 

naAf ;  (infinite  in  time),  aj^ J  ^yyoii 

•••    * 
Endlessly,  Ujlj<^y«Mii,  Ab3l^|»jb<2df 

Endlessness,  ^|^  J  dawdm,  j\ja::^\  ui»- 

rdfy  JjI  abd,  £>  Jjf  ahad^ai. 

Endorse,  v.  J(^  ra^om,  <^^^  ^^  ^^ 

*  aharah  ^M  al  pcluoM, 
Endorsement,  %,  ^j  rahamf  —ji^  ihark 

Endow,  V.  (with  a  portion),  j4sj-/iW«, 
v_o*j  wakaf.  Endowment  (portion), 
j^  mahr.  Endowments  (for  pious 
uses),  lJ\3^\  awUf,  ci']^  iV^ 
f^^'-w*-  hammdU  Endowment  (qoal* 
ity),  u^j  vHuf  (pL  h-iL»j^  avia/;i 
Of  fine  endowments,  uJl^l  ^^...9^^*^ 

JlLm*^^-  %d\i3b  ntoadfjamllaL  And  tken 

existeth  not  in  the  sea  nor  on  the  land  anyone 
more  graceful  or  more  sweet  in  natural  endov- 
ments  ihan  she.  For  she  has  beant}r  and  loie- 
liness,  and  handsome  stature  and  just  form, 
and  red  cheeks  and  bright  fDrehead,  and  teedi 
like  jewels,  and  large  black  eyes,  and  bet^T 
hips  and  a  slender  waist,  and  a  loTely  ceunUn- 

anoe,  uiUl^^  ^  hj^^  v/  "^^  ^' 

^^^-.M^s-cjUif  s  iif^  jsui  jj^n^ 

h  *  ^  ^'l^^  *Jf^^ 


* 


*  J--^*^  ^;!^  ^^®°  she  said  within 
herself,  By  Allah !  the  person  endowed  wiA 
this  beauty  and  loveliness  deserreih  not  to  di^ 

of  thirst,  ^1  iM\  lf-*A3  ^  cJU  ^ 

Ilk:  c:;^.  J 


'ENQ 


(62») 


ENG 


Endae,  r.  (witb  mental  excellence),  w-^^j 

Endurance,  \h  lakd,  t\fA2^\  utimrdr 
(snfferance,  patience),  ^^  #«&r,  ^U? 

Endore,  r.  (bear,  suffer),^;^  «a5ar,  Ja£^ 
tahammai;    (to  last,   remain),  j^c>^\ 

ittamar.  I  will  endure  with  patience,  0  my 
lord,  what  thoa  ha^l  ordered.  I  will  be  pa- 
tient, if  by  doing  so  I  may  obtain  thy  blessing! 
They  have  tyrannized  over  ns,  and  oppressed 
Bs,  and  acted  nnjustly  towards  ns.  Mayest 
thon,  in  thy  loying-kindness,  forgive  our  past 

transgressions  !  ^<-fif  ^  ^^^-^^  ^  |^^ 

Snemy,  «.  ^«Xe  ^adaio  (fern.  i^J^  ^«i0- 
tro/,  pL  \ss\  a^dd).  A  pradent  enemy 
is  better  than  a  foolish  friend,  JjUjAa 
JjbUj*  fji^a  ^^ji^^  ^adavf  ^dkil 
akhir  min  iodlkjahH. 

Energetic,  (^y  kawl,  j^^^  shahim. 

Energy,  iji^J  kudrat,  iy  Hwat,  i^\^ 
shahdmat.  [j^tt^f' 

Enervate,  v.  (enerve,  enfeeble),  (^in^ 

Enforce,  v,  j^  jdbar  \  (to  invigorate), 
^t^  hiwwa\ 

Enforcement.     See  Compulsion. 

Enfranchise,  v.  (manumit),  ^^Jiif*-  ihaL" 
ku,  jU^I  atlak.     See  Liberate. 

Enfranchisement,  JlU?^  iildk. 

Engage,  v.  (fight),  i^j\^  hdroB;  (to 
employ  another  in  business),  ^^^  ^oy- 
yan.  To  engage  (contract  to  do  any- 
thing), )ffjJ^  J^4£  ^amal  short  To 
engage  (be  security  for  a  debt),  JiO 
iakaffal;  (impawn,  stake),  ^j  rahan. 

Engagement  (conflict),  f^j»-  harb,  J\:J 
hitdl.  An  engagement  (to  pay  debt), 
ii\i^  ia/dhi*  Engagement  or  contract, 


]bjJL  short,  Afc  ^hd,  JJLe.  ^oM.    En- 

gagementof  theattention,^^\  JUi^t 

ishtighal  aljikr.  Think  not  that  I  hare  for- 
gotten yonr  sacred  engagements  towards  me, 
notwithstanding  the  length  of  your  alienation. 
0  my  lord,  be  kind  and  propitious  towards 
me !  Perhaps  I  may  kiss  yonr  beautiful  and 
charming  mouth  and  cheeks.  I  take  God  to 
witness  that  I  will  never  relinquish  yoo, 
though  you  riiould  transgress  the  ooun^  of 

j\  \ t^i 


love !  *  A,^y^  (j:^ 

Engaged,  JytMu«  mash^huL     See  Em* 

picked. 
Engender,  v.  (beget),  jJ^  wdsd. 
Engine,  s.  (for  raising  water  from  rivers, 
eto.),   c^ll^J  dikidh.     An  engine  for 
throwing  stones,  etc.,  J^jaI^l^  tnan- 

janlk.  Warlike  engines  (in  general), 
L^ja^\  <'^t\  (ddt  al  ha/rh.  An  engine 
(device),  ^  fovm,  ^-^)^•^  daldhy  Ju^ 
koyd\  (an  agent  for  another),  ^J^^ 
fookiL 
Engineer,  ••  (director  of  artillery),  i<=f\j^ 
tul^t,  (^«X^  muhandis;  (a  director 
of  buildings  or  works),  jUa«  mu^dr, 
(juu  Jaf«  muhondis, 

English,  jJJljf  angllt.   An  Englishman, 

^j^\  anglHX.      The  English  Esf^ 

India  Company,  Jc^^l  Lj\^^  kompd- 
niyat  al  hind, 
Englut,  r.  (swallow),  ^\i  hala^. 

Engorge,  v.  ^^\  ibtalo^  See  Swallow^ 

Devour,  Gorge. 
Engrain,  s.  (dye  deep  and  dcurable),  j 

(j^\s,  sahogh  ghdm%k» 
Engrapple,  r  »(engrasp).  See  Grapple,  etc. 
Engrave,  v.  ^JUso  nakash,Ji^  hofar.    I 


ISSJ 


(630) 


ENO 


ffiimmoiied  a  writer,  «id  erdered  him  to  write 
these  venes  and  admomttoiis  and  lessens,  and 
caused  them  to  he  engraved  npon  these  4aor8 

and  tables  aad  tombs,  UJl^  CL?«d»-f 


J*^'^  cl^^'j  ^V*'  *«^  ^ 

EngraYing,  «.  ^JIm  nakih.  [M&l, 

Engross,  v.  (attention),  JUI  Ja^  shaghdl 

Enhance,  r.  (a  price),  ^*y^\  «3|j  %&d  as- 

Baman ;  (to  raise  ki  esteem),  jLclc]!!  jtj 

z^(^  tt^  f^^A^r ;  Jij  9(Mal.     See  also 
Aggrayaite. 
Enhancement  (angmentatioD  of  yalae), 
JuJill  io\ij  niyddat  al  kimat\  (aggra- 

vation),  JUlbj  saUat, 
Enigma,  ^-J^j  ranu,yi  lughst. 
£nigmatioal,j^^  imirmtZs,  i^y*j  mmsl. 

In  an  enigmatical  sense,  enigmatically, 
ytji  hiramtin. 
Enjoin,  v,  y\  Mmar,  *C>-  ^£ai». 

Enjoy,  v^  (lire  in  happiness),  a«:J  fontf^- 

^m.      To  enjoj  the  possession   or 

property  of  anything,  i.J^  tMsarraff 
y-r*^J  iamoHa^  To  eiijoy  the  posses- 
sion oif  wealth,  m^\  ightanam.     To 

enjoy  the  company  of  a  mistress  cr  in- 
timate friend,  ^yLx/%  l)^|^  iodsal  »ni^- 

shukaho,  ^  L5^  -^^  ^'i^**     "^^^  ^ 

blamed  myself  for  having  undertaken  *  this 
Toya?e,  amr  I  had  heen  nposing  at  ease  in 
my  aoode  and  my  country,  in  ample  happiness, 
and  enjoying  good  food  and  good  dnnk  and 

good  apparel,  j^\    As,  ^<MiJ  kz^^ 

^^-    Then  he  placed  before  them 

the  food,  and  when  they  had  eaten  to  satis- 
faction, they  broueht  them  the  sweetmeats, 
'  they  sweetened  their  mouths;  then  the 


deaei^  ooasistuig  of  fresh  md  dried  findti; 
and  they  enjoyed  both  of  them,  a  Ji  w 

Enjoyment,  uJ^  iatarrmf,  m  totf^- 


^um,  ^s<4J  tamattu^. 


Enkindle,  «•   See  Kindle,  Excite,  Boose. 

Enlarge,  v.  wiij^  waua^;   (to  amplify), 
^Kli  ^  ^b   ^a^o^A  ;£/  i»2a».   To 
enlarge  eloquently,  f^i^\  J^  (m«»'. 
of  kaldm.  To  enlarge  or  set  at  libertj, 
^^/L>^  khMu.  [Increased. 

Enlarged.      See  Extended,   Expanded, 

Enlargement,  ^a^^y  taw^^  *^\.*^j^  ^ 
ydd ;  (magnifying  representationl 
XdLe  mubahffhat,  LjyJ  tafiii.  See 
Exaggeration.  (Eelease  from  eonfioe- 
ment),  i\afr  nijdtj  ^h^  hhdSM* 

Enlighten,  «.  jy  nawwar. 

Enlightened,  j^  fftuntfin^ar. 

Enlink,  t^.     See  Chain,  Biad. 

Enliven,  v,  (giv«  life),  ^^a^  ^Ays*. 

Enlist,  r.^  jjb  jIS  Juiyysd  M  daftir. 

Enmity,  if^t  J^  cMddioai,  d^ya£>-  ttw- 
nmt,  li^Ks^  nmkhdla/at  To  sboir 
enmity,  l^yas^\j^\4aharallhu»imti' 

Ennoble,  r.  uJ^  sharrsf. 

Ennobled,  Ci-J^^^^  tnusharraf.  To  be  en- 
ennobled,  uJ^mJ  Uuharrqf. 

Enormity  (depravity),^  Jul  shiddai,i^^ 
AA«Ai^  Ji?^  dt^i^  sanb  ^mslm  ws  uin 
jaslm. 

Enormous,  Jj  J^  ih^dldf  j^jL  «A«rrif ; 
(excessive),  j^  kahir. 

Enormously,  sJJ^^  hi  shidddiin. 

Enough,  adv.  ^j^ij  bos;  9*  ^l^  i&p- 

It  is  enough,  ^U^  ia/dyat. 


ENS 


(631) 


ENT 


Enrage,  v^a.  i^ ^.n'r  giaddab.    To  be 

enraged,  l^liil  ightd%.  And  when  the 
King  heard  the  words  of  Saleh,  he  was  tIo- 
lently  enraged;  his  reason  almost  departed, 
and    his   aonl   almost    quitted    his    body, 

Enraged,  i^iynr  ghaduhf  ijUiac  ghadbdn. 

And  they  law  him  sitting  upon  the  throne  of 
his  kingdom,  heedless  of  these  people,  and 
violently  enraged  against  Saleh ;  and  they  saw 
his  servants  and  his  yoong  men  and  his  guards 

unprepared  for  fighting,  ^JlcuJIsj-  »j  \ji 
jj  Jul  yb^  '3lyb  ^  iiU  ^zHa^  ^J 

^UUj  4U^JcL  \^\j^  ^U  Ji£  la-jj^\ 

Enrich,  V.  ^J>^\  aghna\     For  Thou  art 

not  to  be  questioned  regarding  that  which 
Thou  dost,  and  Thou  art  able  to  do  whatM>- 
ever  Thou  wilt.  Extolled  be  Thy  perfection  I 
Thou  enrichest  whom  Thou  wilt,  and  whom 
Thou  wilt  Thou  imp)Teri8hest  Thou  magni- 
fiest  whom  Thou  wilt,  and  whom  Thou  wilt 

Thou  abasest,  Jaaj  Ufi  jLJi  C^\^ 

Enriched,  ^*^  muffhtanim. 

Enrol,  p.  jSijJl;  Ju5  kayyad  hd  da/tar. 

To  enrol  a  cause  in  a  j  udge's  book,  Jusr* 

tajfal. 
Enrolment,^ J  daftar^  j-jsi^  tatfll. 
Ens,  ^*^  kayin.   See  Being,  Existence. 
Ensign,  s.  Jic  ^alam  (pi.  j*SW  a^ldtn), 

h\j  r&yat  (pi,  iJD\j\j  rdydt),   ^ 

hayrak. 
Enslave,  v.  Juic^^  ista^lad. 
Enslaved,  Jljcum^  mmta^bad» 
Ensue,  v.  wJ  ^o^'^,  (>a>-  Aasala,  ^ 

natqja,  ^U  «dra.  See  Follow,  Succeed. 
JSow  I  d^ire  of  thy  goodness  that  thou  come 


and  salute  my  fiunily,  and  see  them,  that 
they  may  see  thee,  and  that  pleasure  and 
mutual  friendship  may  ensue  between  both  of 


you,  aLJj  vj  U  ^\  CiiLii  ^  •XjjU 

Ensure,  v.  ^Jl^\^  J^  yj^e]  a^  ^ahd 
toa  amdn. 

Entangle, I?.  i^fo/,^t>^*A«retot:  ^^7 

sister,  know  that  I  have  remembered  a  damsel, 
of  the  Damsels  of  the  Sea,  suitable  for  thy  son ; 
but  I  fear  to  mention  her,  lest  thy  son  should 
be  awake,  and  his  heart  should  be  entangled 


^-^1 


ir,  ^i\  ^^^^kUI   . 

^^3  ^^  V^^  J^  ^^^^  ^' 

Entanglement,  icJ^  kharda^t,  iaS^ 
khalt;  (perplexity,  pozzle),  t-^J^l 
idtirdb. 

Enter,  v.  Jsi- J  dakhal.  To  cause  or  force 

to  enter,  ji^  J  dakhkM.  To  enter  by 
force,  ^»jss^  hqfam.  To  enter  into  con- 
ference or  consultation,  IjijUlJ  toAd- 
ward.  To  enter  into  partnershipjl^luJ 
tMhdrakQ,.  To  enter  into  an  agreement, 
\jjJbliu    ta^hadn.     To  enter  into  a 

treaty  of  peace,  ^1  ^  Jifi  ^ladHi  ndh. 

And  he  laid  hold  upon  the  porter's  hand,  say- 
ing to  him,  Enter,  and  speak  with  my  master, 
for  he  caUs  for  thee.  And  the  porter  would 
have  refused  to  enter  with  the  page,  but  he 

could  not,  JUj  JUje)\  JJ  ^  ^jA^ 

fjij  Ji.     He  thereupon  gave  orders 

for  the  entry  of  the  troops,  who  accordingly 
entered ;  ana  they  loaded  the  camels  with  part 

of  those  riches  and  minerals,  j^\  ^^ 


Eirr 


(632) 


ENV 


Entered,  Jf^b  ddkhtl.  Entered  in  a 
book  or  roll,  ^rj*^^^^  mvndarif,  Jua^ 
mukayyad. 

Entertain,  v.  (receiye  hospitably),  u^Lp 
j3\m^\  ddf  al  muidfir ;  (to  talk  with), 

^^  Jjuf  takaUam  tna^. 

Entertainer,  «.  (host),  XiLiiJl  c»'^>"l^ 

«d^i3  aJ  diydfat. 
Entertainment,  <.  ^Uj  diydftU.  A  place 

of  entertainment  (as  an.  inn,  etc.),  j\j 

^L.dJI  ddr  al  diydfat^  clr^  fnamui/. 

Entertainment  (amasement),  ^  lahu, 

ijj  lisMoi,  )a^  ha%. 
Enthusiasm   (inspiration),    a\^\  ffhdm, 

^^^j  wahl ;  (vain  belief  of  divine  in- 
spiration), iJ^j^f^^^,  Jl'V  *^^^^  •t" 
iikdd  hdtil  hU  hdmin  rahhdnl ;  (ecstacy ), 

Enthusiast,  $.  (visionary),  (>^scx^  mti- 
iakhayyil ;  (a  man  of  a  warm  temper). 

Entice,  v,  ij^\  a^hica\ 
Enticement,  \^\  iyhtvd,  L^sp^jazb. 
Enticing,  adf.  l^c\^  jd%%b. 
Enticingly,  XjjI>- Jij   hikol  jd%b%yat, 
\yeS  J^  hxkol  ighwd.  [tdm. 

Entire,  (J.^1^  kdmxl^  /Xaj   tamdm,  a\j 

Entirely,    t«Uj  iamdman,  aU^U  hitta- 

mdm. 
Entireness,  (Ji^^C  takmll. 
Entitle,  1^.  (give  right  or  claim),  Aa£. 

U  jt  Uy^cfc-ltf  ^maiaho  sdhih  id^d. 
Entity,  ^jjI^  kdyin. 
En  toil,  f^.  if  Jlm^U  c^Cm^  tneteh  bUmat- 

yadat.    See  Ensnare,  Entangle. 
Entomb,  v,  (bury),  ^J  da/an. 
Entrails,  ^jl«d^  matdrin.  See  Bowels, 

Intestines. 
Entrance,  J^  «x«  madkM,  J^  J  JttMil/; 


(commenoement),  ^^j^  9lmr^^  \,ysj\ 
ibiidd. 
Entrap,  v.     See  Ensnare,  Involve. 

Entreat,  v.  i^y  Urajjfi^  ^j$»j^  iUamu, 

We pnyedto  Ood,  and  entreated  Him ;  but 
the  wind  did  not  cease  blowing    witli  tlie 

Seatert  Tiolence,  nor  the  waTea  agitating,  till 
ybreak ;  then  the  wind  ceased,  the  sea  be- 
came calm,  and  afterwards  the  ann   aroae, 

^J..^\  i^^ji.\.     And  when  I  had 

finished  my  tale,  I  said,  I  entreat  thee  by  God, 

0  my  master,  that  thou  be  not  displeased  with 
me.  I  haTe  acquainted  thee  with  &e  truth  of 
my  case,  and  of  what  has  happened  to  me,  and 

1  desire  of  thee  that  thon  inform  me  who  thon 
art,  and  what  is  the  cause  of  thy  staying  in 

this  chamber, .  jul^  .«»^  cs^^rJ  Uii 


U 


\ 


Entreaty,  ^.J^  ^0/0^,  l^\  tZ^t/d,  \>'j 
rajd^  ^j^  tadurru^  ^\az1\  Mums, 

Entry,  J^J  iui^Aa/,  J^Ji«  madihal; 

(a  passage  to  a  house),  c-^li  &a6. 
Envelope,  r.  ^J  u^  ^/Z^- 
Envelope  (the  envelope  or  cover  of  a 

letter,  etc.),  uJii  ghUdf, 

m 

Envenom,  v,  (poison),  ma^  tammam* 

Enviable,  jM^s^yuhaad,  lAo.^^^^gg.ii^ 

mtutahik  al  kasad.  [ Ju^l»-  hdnd. 

Envied,  Jmmat*  mahsUd.     An  envier. 


Envious,  J^AM^.  hasiid,  JuiW>  hdsid. 

Enviously,   Jum»-  ^J^  &tib/  hatad.      I 

have  repented  on  account  of  our  disunion  witii 
a  repentance  that  made  the  tears  to^  overflow 
from  my  eyelids ;  and  I  rowed,  that  if  fortune 
should  reunite  us,  I  would  ncTer  again  men- 
tion a  new  separation !  And  I  would  say  to 
the  enviers,  Die  ye  with  rmet !  By  Hearen, 
I  have  now  attamed  the  object  of  my  denx« 
and  wish !    Joy  has  oyerwheimed  me  to  sach 


SPH 


(633) 


EQXr 


a  degree,  that  by  its  excess  it  has  made  me 
weep.  0  eye,  how  has  weeping  become  thy 
habit !  thou  weepest  io  joy  as  well  as  in  sorrow ! 

*^ijM^  ly^  jL*^  J  j3lj  •  JLJlj 

Environ,  r.  \>\^\  ahdt. 
Enyirons,  «.  ^j^ly  nawdhh 

Enamerate,  «.  J^  ^d,  c,.^mi>»  ^omS. 

And  he  said  to  her,  I  know  not  one  more  of 
the  daughters  of  the  Kings  of  the  Sea.  I 
hare  enumerated  to  thee  more  than  a  hundred 
damsels ;  yet  not  one  of  them  pleases  thee, 

^  SJc»^\j  ^jc\  c:^  U  l^  JUJ 

Enameration,  \0a9A  ihsd,  j\jju  ia^ddd, 
(^Lm^  hisah,  Jlc  ^.  [tion. 

EQunoiation.   See  Declaration,  Informa- 
EnunciatiTe,  ^J^fl]  lafzu 

Envoy, «. i^f^^  *^^^^  (J-^j  wa^J. 
Envy,  V,   Jum>-  ^w<i^.     To  envj  one 

another,  IjJujla^  tahdiodu.    Men  are 

prone  to  extol  the  ancients,  and  to  find  fault 
with  the  modems  without  occasion  of  blame ; 
the  only  reason  for  this  being,  that  they  enry 
the  living,  and  incline  to  prefer  mere  moulder- 
ing bones,  *  ^Oi!\  ^IjO^b  ^/mU\  wiy 

Envy,  Juu».  hasad,  ij^  ghlrat. 
Ephemerifl  (jonmal,  almanac),  ^^j^j 
roandma,  w^  tatwlm,  a^^UJ  takdwUm. 


Ephesns  (city),  {jiiy*^\  afiiU* 
Epioedinm  (funeral  oration  or  poem), 

i^j^  mandt  (pi.  ^^f  mardA). 
Epicure,  f.  d>\)^.  haytrdnU        [rioos. 
Epicurean,  (JUai  hatndnl.*   See  Lozu- 
Epicurism.     See  Luxury. 
Epidemical,  epidemic,  i^J<^  <Ar!,  i^*^>^^ 

mu^.   An  epidemical  distemper,  'bj 

waba,  [hoik. 

Epigram,  9.  ^dJ  2[^^yt^  ahi^r  akhiraho 
Epigrammatic,  ,^-*yj  hadhl.  An  epigram* 

matist,  «.!  ji^Ui  »hd^  hadddh. 
Epigraph,  ^lyx  ^ant^an.  See  Inscription. 
Epilepsy,  «.  &  ^^  «fr^. 
Epileptic,  ^^/^^  nuurU^, 
Epilogue,  <.  ^Ul  IhdtimaU 
Epiphany,  «.  (jmUsjiII  Ju£  ^d  al  ghitdi. 
Episcopacy,  iJJlJ^  ukafiyat 
Episcopal,  ,<aL«i\  Mifl, 
Epistle,  i^fS^  tnaktahf  XJLy  risdlat. 
Epistolary,  ,J^^;  rasdyill.    Epistolary 

correspondence,  Lj\i^  tnakdtabat. 
Epitaph,  »,j^  dj\s^  kitdhat  kahr,    [^tri. 
Epithalamium,  <.  ^M^da^S/t  tnadlhat 
Epithet,  ^Juff  aifat,  i^Juc^  teas/ {"ph  t^Lul 

awsdf),  kjL'^fu  na^,  S-^  lakab  (pi. 

Distinguished  by  an 
muttasif. 
mukhiatar,  j\^iac:^\ 
muntahhah. 
\  ikhtasar. 

m 

mukhtiuir,  >-v« 
[tatodrfkh). 
Epoch,  epocha,  ^l?  tdrikh  (pi.  i^j^y 

Equal  (resembling,  capable  of  compari* 
son),  v/^^M/*  muidwl,  c^L«x^  mutsdwi ; 
(uniform),  j;jU3^mtt^&il^;  (impartial), 
{joJi\  ^^   J^Ad/i   a/  gharad ;    (in- 

different  as  to  choice),^;<^s^  mukhayyar. 


U!1  afta3). 

epithet. 
Epitome,  ». 

ikhiisdr, 
Epitomise,  v. 
Epitomiser,  «. 

mHjit. 


EQir 


(634) 


ERA. 


Equal,  t.  (of  flie  same  age,  rank,  etc.), 
^^Jsiarin.  Without  an  equal,  Jll^lb 
hild  tnu&h  Above  tlie  heads  of  his 
equals,  yJ^JlVi ^j^j ^Jx  ^M  rlU  al 
dkrdn. 

Equal,  V.  (make  equal),  ^^  i&wa' ; 
(to  be  0r  become  equal),  t/^^  toidwa*. 
To  equal  or  compensate  fully,   ^l^ 

id/a\  i^j^jd*a\  To  equal,  equ^ize 
(make  equal),  ^J jle  ^ddal. 

Equality,  S^^Lm^  muidwdt,  ^^^J  taiWi' 
yat ;  (of  the  same  dignity,  age,  etc.), 
^A^IL^  mutdhakatf  lsj\yt  mvwdfakat. 

Equally,  \y^\  ,Jl£  ^aU^  anavoiyai^  ^Xc 
\^  ^M  sawd. 

Equanimity,^^  idbr* 

Equation,  S\jL*^mitfdt0tf^.  See  Equality. 

Equator,  §.  \jxJi\  LsL  khaU  al  Utitod. 

Equatorial,  \fmJi\  ]a^\  L^yu*:^  mamiib 
li  ihaU  al  ittiwd. 

Equerry,  ^^^^^1  amir  akhnr. 

Equestrian  (belonging  to  horsemanship), 
^u^;^  hhayydll  \  (mounted  on  horse- 
back), 4--^f^«  rdhib. 

Equilateral,   ^Jfi\  ^f,***^  mwtavol  ail 

adld^,  ^^i\t^^\MiS^mutasdwl  aladld^ 

Equilibrate,  Jj^  ^addal. 

Equilibrium,  equilibration,  Jj  «3du  ta^M, 
JljCi^i  i^ttddl,  ilJ^M^  mu^dalat, 
^j^y  muwdManatm 

Equinoctial  or  equinox,  s,  ^JJJl  Jl  JclcI 
jlfJ\^  i^tiddl  al  III  wal  nahdr*  The 
equinoctial  line,  ilfJij  JJJ\  Jt  jcl£\L£>^ 
hhatt  i^iddl  al  hi  teal  nahdr.  The 
yemal  equinox,  ij^J^  J1jcx)l\  al 
i^iddl  arrahl^l.  The  autumnal  equi- 
nox, ^Joj^\  JljOfiHt  al  i^tiddl  al 
kharlfl. 

Equip,  r.  -S^  haddar,j^  jahha».    To 


equip  or  arm,  J^  ioMak,   To  equip  a 
fleeti  %„^.^j^j^  jahhm  mmrdUh. 
Equipage  (train,  retinue),  ^^j  rikdh^ 
Jm^-  haAam,  ^J  taha^ 

Equipage^  <•  (carnage),  iJjS-  ^mrdha. 
Equipment,  \Hj\Si  taddruk. 
Equipoise,  equiponderanoe,  ZSjUc*  sw- 

^ddalat.    See  Equilibrium. 
Equipollence,  JfjCL^HI  i»y  kawaiali^ 

ddl,  XJjIim1\  ij^  kudratalnm^dislai. 
Equitable,  JjU  ^oM,  ^.^a.;^  ■hmji/. 

Equitably,  ZJIjju  hi  ^addlat,  i^\y^\i 

bU  Mwab.  So  if  thoa  assent  to  that  which  I 
hare  asked  of  thee,  tiion  wilt,  O  King  of  ths 
Age,  hare  pat  the  thing  in  its  proper  place ; 
and  if  then  behare  with  pride  towaras  va,  the* 
treatest  na  not  equitably,  nor  pnnmeai  with  as 

the  right  way,  Lt  ^\  i^^^jy-]  ^^li 


Equity,  ll\jx>  ^addJat,  J  J^  ^atU,  i^La;^ 

insdf. 
Equivalence.     See  Equipollence. 
Equivalent,  J  jW«  mu^dU,  (^^L«^  sw- 

8dwl.     An  equivalent,  ^^  ^awai. 

To  give  an  equivalent,  ^jo^  ^aw»ad. 
Equivocal,  ^^^  muhham,  ^J^m  mugJdak. 
Equivocally,  A^^  jb^^  hiw^hmmubham. 
Equivocation,  equivocalness,  ^L^m  «Ub, 

ii\^zJ^\  uhtihdh. 
Equivocate,  v.  c  J^  Ishada^ 

Era,  ^j\j  tdrlkh.    See  Epoch. 
Eradicate,  v.  ^  kala^f  f^  naata^ 
Eradicated,  e  9^  tnamn^  fj^'^^  fltim- 
iaMa^,J^\s>jM^mu9tdeal,cJLL*maklu^. 

Eradication,  JL^^ImjI  iitUdl, 
'Erase,  v.\jSt*  maha\ 


ESC 


(635) 


ESS 


Ernsei,  ^^  nmnhU 

Eraaementi  ysr*  mahlL.  ^jjj  i  mdird». 

Ere,  JJ  iM.   See  Before,  Sooner.  Ere 

long,  i-^y  ^^  ^tm  kmih. 
Ereeti  v,  c,.^^)  fUMol. 
Erecty   ^U   kdlm,   (^yy.»a,\  ^  msnHth, 

k-'^.rr,;^  mmtUuH.    So  he  stood  erect 

npon  his  two  feet,  and  said  to  Joharak,  0 
utmost  object  of  deare,  who  art  thou,  and  who 

brought  thee  unto  this  place  ?  ^^,'^.rr.^  U 
Llib  ij^ys  Jli^  ^^^«^  15^  ^^ 

Erection,  i,»>.«^)  ntuh,  ^j  r^f^. 

EremeticaL    See  Solitary. 

Eremite,  8.  ^L»  taytA.    See  Hermit. 

Ermine,  «.  (.^IsCUs  Hnjdk, 

Erode,  v.     See  Corrode,  etc. 

Err,  9.  (make  mistakes),  laLs  ghelet,  J)j 

Errant,  erratic,  JU  c^fl^  ^Ij  ddye^ 
Erroneons,  Uii  ghalaU 
Erroneonsly,  ^i^x,ghtdaUny  Sy^Mhwtm. 
Error,  lali  ghaUt,  ^  iokA,  ILfL  J^AnM. 
Erst.  See  Pint,  Once,  Formerly,  Before, 
TilL  [otM. 

Erudition,  Jl^  ^m,  JtAju  to^ftm,  l^J\ 
Eruption    (hostile    excursion},    fr^j^ 

Erysipelas,  yk>-  ham^,  IjA^  hmmraU 

See  St.  Anthony's  fire. 
Escape,  j\^  firtLr,  l\af  m^'ai. 
Escape,  f^.  aj^\  inioMm,  ji  farr.    To 

escape  (or  be  exempted),  ^Jua  Mfem. 

And  now  it  will  descend  with  yon  into  the 
sea,  and  yon  will  all  be  drowned ;  then  seek 
for  yonrselves  escape  and  salvation  before  de- 
struction, Jj  Jj-iiJ  u:^i^\  IjJb  ^^ 

i\^\  \^\i  \L^  uy>=^r^'  J^ 

CJI14\  JJ  Smiii  ^jciJ\j.  Ood  has 


decreed  a  new  life  for  thee,  for  no  one  erer 
arrived  at  this  place  before  thee  and  escaped 
from  it ;  bnt  praise  be  to  God  for  thy  safety ! 


ja,  ^Vj  ^  u^^  ^^  ^^ 

Eschew,  V.     See  Aroid,  Fly,  Shun. 

Escutcheon,  t.Ltip^mldmatf  ^Uj  nish&n. 

Escort,  9.jkA  ghafar.    See  CouToy.    To 

escort,  ]ai\>-  hdfu.  Then  he  prepared 
the  provisions  for  the  jonmey,  and  the  escort 
to  escort  her ;  and  going  in  to  his  daughter  at 
night,  commanded  her  to  set  forth  on  the 

journey, ^^AmJJ  ll»Aji\j  J^jJl  'Ob  ^ 
j^l  U^l^  JJH  ^  ^t  Jx  Jr;. J, 

Escritoire,  s.  iTm^u)  bashUtkhtam 
Especial,  ^yas>^  khuu^l.    See  Princi- 
pal, Chief,  SpeciaL 
Especially,    Lgj  «n  <.   hhrntiUany   ^<-L& 

Espouse,  V.  (wed),  ^•p  tmawwt^* 

Espy,  9.  (see  at  a  distance),  ^^ammoT 

iajassMs.  [mtahan* 

Essay, «.  (to  make  an  experiment),  ^j^^v^  * 

Essay,  «.  J^jad,  6>^  jML,  JuoS  iaidi 

(experiment),  ^^jof  iafrih^tt,  ^Wut 

imtihdn  ;  (of  metals),  jLe  ^fydr  ; 
(treatise),  XJL^  roidlat. 

Essence,  iZj\j  wOt,  J^^  jtwdkar^  ^jju 
nafs ;  (of  a  composition),  ^is^  khu- 
Idmtf  ijjj  wMat.  The  essence  of  any 
business  or  thing,  j^)ll  ^jM  naft  al  amr. 
Essence  (perfume),  Joa  ^tr.  The 
essence  or  attar  of  roses,  Cfj^\JcLS.  ^ter 
alward.  To  essence,  yLc  ^atiar. 

Essential,  ^1j  %dtl,  \^/^j>'  jawharlf 
^XAmsh;  (necessary),  kJj^j^  i^rurf. 

Essentially,  cl^ljJb  IntaAU 

Essoine  or  essoign  (legal  excnse),j1«x;Lcl 
^ji^  i^iwBir  tiar^. 


EST 


(636) 


ETE 


Establish,  r.  (settle  firmlj),  ^^jL<  makkan, 
jji  horror,  c-^wsi  noBohy  ^^  ^yyan. 

To  establish  peace,    /^\  Jlac  ^aikad 

autUh, 
Established,^yL«  fnukarrar,(^ya:>^  man- 

tub,  jJbc^  mun^akid,  Jyju§  tna^kod. 
Establishment,  ^IJ  kiy&m,  luJt  tfM^, 

^^.^J  tartib,  d^lJ  iobat;  (form, 
model),  ^J^\J  h&nun^  ^Jjjb  iarik; 
(foundation),  yu^\j  tdtU. 

Estate  (state,  the  public)  ,ji^f>«^ /dm Afir; 
(condition  of  life),  Jl>-  hdl;  (fortune, 
possession),  JU  mdl  (pi.  ^}\y\  tmi- 
w&T).  A  hereditary  estate,  C^|^:^« 
m\r&9.  A  landed  estate,  jUr  ^har 
(pi.  d^fjUf  ^aHr&t).  Estate  (rank, 
quality),  ^LJ^  martabat,  ^LKi^  m0ii- 
sa/iff^,  4^9*^0  darajat,  <ti^j  u^asf/a^. 

Esteem,  v.  (prize,  rate  h]gh),j£  ^,j\s^\ 

i^tabar,  m^  karram,  fj:*^^^  ihtaram. 
Esteem,  jUi^xl  i^tbdr,   lA&j  ri^yat, 
^1^1  ihtirdm,  f^Sj  takrlm. 

Estimable,  esteemed, Jjjc  casfs,  i^*^.'>"litf 

At3  ^^iTiy^^oA^  mu^tdbar.      [haasab. 

Estimate,  v.  ^»yt^  khamtnan,   \^nm'>- 

Estimate,     estimation     (computation), 

^j^^Aos^iakhmin^^^iM^'  hiadb;  (value), 

^UyJ  klnuU.    Estimation  (opinion),  ^ 

ta^tn;  (regard,  honour),  j\^\  i^tbdr. 

And  they  laid  to  her,  Thou  knowest  the  high 
place  which  thou  hast  in  our  estimation,  and 
art  acquainted  with  our  affection  for  thee, 
and  thou  art  assured  that  thou  art  the  dearest 
of  all  persons  to  us,  and  art  certain  that  we 
desire  for  thee  comfort  without  trouhle  or  toil, 


Estimated,    L^ymss^    mahnLb,    43^«Xc^ 

Estimator,  «.  v_  ntl*^  mvh&tib. 
Estrange,  v.  (keep  at  a  distance),  JLiu 

Estrangement,  hjL  yhurbah.     Thus  has 

God  decreed  upon  my  forehead,  with  respeetto 
my  estrangement  and  my  disjunctioii  from  my 
country  and  my  family  and  my  usten ;  there- 
fore I  must  endure  with  becoming  patience 

what  my  lord  has  decreed,  aJ1»-  MfJ 

♦  ^j  ulioJ  t«  i^*     Persona  before 

me  haTe  bemoaned  the  pain  of  separation;  tix 
living  and  dead  hare  heen  terrified  by  estrange- 
ment; but  an  instance  of  feelings  like  those  in 
my  bosom  I  haTe  never  heard  of  nor  beheld, 

ui^l^Sj  c::^oM«JI  (Jli^^cjLp.    And 

he  said.  If  fortune  clothe  thee*  in  the  garb  of 
destitution,  put  on  the  garments  of  departure 
and  travel  abroad.  And  I  replied  unto  him* 
By  Heaven!  I  cannot  endure  travelling  and 
goin^  abroad ;  besides,  the  proverb  sayv.  Hie 
burying-place  is  preferable  to  estrangement, 

Etc.,  et  cetera,  »j^^  waghayraho  ^^^ 
CS^i  waghayr  suUik,  iJ^^^  wdl  ftdii, 
Jl  abbrer.  of  }ijiiA  Jl  Ua'  akkriki. 

Eternal,  t^^\  abadi,  Jjy  muwabh&d, 
j^\j  ddyim,  ^^  Jl^^  tarmadf  ^U  hdtl, 
mAj  kdym;  (without  beginning),  ^^^. 

Life  eternal,  X)  JjSI  IL^I  al  haydt  al 

abadiyat.  Praise  be  to  God  the  Creator  of 
man.  He  is  the  Lord  of  Lorda^  and  the 
Cause  of  Causes.    In  the  Name  of  God»  the 

E7erlasting,theEtemftl,  jlli>  aU  j^4^1 


EVA 


(637) 


EYE 


Eternallyy  \jj\  abadan,  ^*iji\  Jj\  adtf<^ 
al  abidin,   UjIj  ddyman. 

Eternity,  ^JJ^  ahaiiyat\  (without  begin- 
niog),  ZJjt  €ual*ffat;  (without  end),  sA 
ahd,  liSf\  dbadiyat.  To  all  eternity, 
jSi\  ^\  da*  lahad.     From  all  eternity, . 

^^ji\  ^  min  al  audi.     He  tamed  back 

in  flight,  seeking  safety,  and  knew  not  whither 
to  go.  Bat  the  destinies  fixed  from  all  eternity 
drove  him  to  that  island  upon  which  was 

Joharah,  jU^  Ult  2flsaUj  bjU  _Jy 

Eternize,  v,  or  eterqalize,  JJi  Mad. 
Ether,  \^  hawd,^\  Cjli  fdlak  ulaAr. 
Ethereal,  i^jUm)  samdwl,  i^^^  hawdy. 
Etymology,  X«lj3f  (J.^!  cw^  al  kalimai, 

jU:l11  iihiikdk. 
Etymological,  ^X^^  ash, 

Eyacnate,  v,  iJfarrayh,  Toevacoate 
(by  a  purgative),  ^j^\  ^J^  jAt  tala^ 

M  alkhdrif;  (by  y  omit),  iJc^\i9ta' 
fragh. 
Eyacoation,  ^/^  tafriyh,  ^^>i^  iakhli' 
yat    Eyacoation  (by  yomit),  il^i^Mil 

istifrdgh.  [Deceiye. 

Eyade,  v.      See  Elude,  Escape,  Ayoid, 
Eyangelical,  ^X^sfr]  infill.    An  eyange- 

liftt,  ^Xi^^  infill.  The  Eyangelists 
(gospel),  J^\  lJ^  kitdh  ul  injil. 

Eyangelism  (the  publication  of  the  gos- 
pel), Jt^H^  ij\J^^  hiihdrat  ul  injil. 

Evanescent,  evanid,  vJli/Snl,  J^jj  wd-il. 

Eyanish,  v.  ^^^  ghumlf  (^U  ghdb.  See 
Yanish. 

Evaporate,  v.  Jj^^  iasa^^. 


Evaporation,  jla^  hukhdr,  Xjloj  tas^d. 
Evasion  (excuse),  ^Ijcxl  i^indr;  (arti^ 
fice),  IL^  hllat. 

Eacharist,  «.  (jmJ^I  c'V^^  ^  kurhdn 

al  mukaddas. 
Euclid,    ^^JuJil.   Eaolid's   Elements, 

Eve,  even.     See  Evening. 

Eve  (proper  name),  \j>'  hawwd, 
Even  (level),  ^^^L*!^  muisdwl,  4Jj1m^ 
mwtatoli  (placid,  eventempered),^L» 
sdkin;  (alike),  J  jU^  mu^il^  ^\JL^ 
muihdhih. 
Even,  adv.    Ua^l  aydan,  ^^,^  hatta*. 

Evening,  Imm«  masd,  <LJLc  ^hiyai  (pi, 
cijIJLc  ^hiydt).  In  the  evening, 
eventide,  L*^l  *^^j  <^^^  ^  nuud. 

Evenly  (equally),  JIjcxIj  hi  i^tiddl 
UjIUa.^  mtutawiyan. 

Evenness,  \f^\  istiwd;  (impartiality), 
Juljtf  ^iddlat,  (^Ldjl  tipi«q/*. 

Event,  «.  (incident),  jUjI  •Y^i/'di^  (pi. 

C^UUJI  ittifdkdi),  iMj\^  wdki^ai 
^jI>>  hdditat,  ^j^  ^drid;  (conse- 
quence), ^L  ^kibat^  ^^?^  natljaU 

Eventful,  ^  mtiAtin,  ci-^lSUjlIf  ^^ 
^^jcll  min  al  ittifdkdt  al  gharlbat. 

Eventual,  ci^^  itti/dkl,  ^J^  ^ridl. 

Eyentually,''\jU;^  itti/dkan,  j\ij'i\  ^y^ 
biwqfh  al  ittifdk. 

Ever,  for  ever  (at  all  times),  aUSI  ^1 J 

ddytm  al  ayydm,    Uji  J  ddyman. 
Evergreen,  JU  _>-  Any  ^dlam. 

Everla8ting,4^Jjl  abadl,^]j\  a%ah,  jJIaL 

khdlid,  mAj  ddyim,  ,^jy^  sarmadl. 

Everlastingly,    UjIj  ddyman,  tjjl  oia- 

dan.     See  Eternally, 
Ever-living,  CJ^i  ^^  hay  Id  yamHi. 


EVI 


(638) 


EXJl 


Every,  J^  loL  Every  one,  S»^\^  JS^ 
kol  'tcdhid.  Every  time,  ls^j  J$  kol 
waM.  On  every  part,  in  everj  part, 
v_^l^  ^yLi  hikolj&nxb.  Every  honr, 
is^La  f^Jcol ia^aL  Every  year,  L^  ^J^ 
Itol  sanat.  Every  man,  Jf>-y  J^  kol 
rqfidm  Every  woman,  if |^t  J$  kol  am- 
root.    He  put  eveiy  enemy  to  the 

Bword,  >|I^  \jji\  Jsj  katal  al  ^idd  kol- 

lahum.  And  then  he  said,  Pniaed  be  the 
Creator  of  this  surprising  oonntenanoe.  He  is 
the  Creator  of  eTOiything,  and  He  is  Almighty, 

Evict  (dispossesa  legally),  9  huJ^  '^■^fJ^ 

Evidence  (testimoDy),  ij\^  skakddat; 
(apparency,  manifestation), jl^l  tsAdr, 
^Ij  baydu,  ^Lc  laydn,  ^Lab  1  f idA ; 

(a  witness),  JJ^Ll  shdhid.    To  give 

evidence,  J^  thehed. 
Evidence,  r.  (give  testimony),  j^  she- 

hed;  (%}iow),j^\  asthar. 
Evident,  ^U?  sdAtV,  ^\^  teddih,  ^j^ 

sat^h,  ^jii^  mubayyan,  ^2  IayihfjSb\j 

hdhtr.     An  evident  reason  (proof  or 

demonstration),   ^U»^    hayyinai    (pi. 

CL>UJj  hayyindt).    To  make  evident, 

^^1  asAnr. 
Evidently,  tybll^sdAtran,  U^LijWi^Atfn. 
Evil,  0<^'.  v/J;  roil,  J^li  /cl«ti,  JI9U 

^iU,  \^^  lA^*  ''^^'^  tayyth. 
Evil,  «.^  «Aarr.   An  evil  (misfortune), 
t)  bald,  Ljb\j  ddhiyat,  JLs'^  muhnat ; 
(a  disease),  ^jo^  marad.     The  king's 

evil,   ^^ji  yarakdn,  i^\j»fi  sardjah. 

And  follow  not  a  course  of  etil,  for  the  sages 
have  prohibited  it ;  and  there  is  no  evil  more 
manifest  than  my  being  in  this  pit,  drinking 
the  suffocating  pains  of  death,  and  looking 
upon  destruction,  ^hen  thou  art  able  to  deliver 

me  from  misery,  ^\i  jLiJl  ^  „:,jjj 


d^jJl  fjc^  ^js^  iyL^\  tlOj  ^ 

Evince, «.  l::^!  mM«  See  Prove,  Show. 
Eulogy,   ^J^  nuulh*     See  EncomimD, 

*  Eannch,^^>ag>^lAfl<f(pL^;U»<aj^  ittwfydn), 

Evolve,  V,  CSifah, 

Euphorbiom  (a  gam),  ^^y^^  fwrf§y%A. 

Euphrates,  c:^1/l!  alfordi. 

European,  t<asr^t  ajrtaijl. 

Euxine  (sea),  i}yJ\ja^^  bahr  dl  MwmL 

Ewe,  «.  iL4Jx  yhanamai. 

Ewer,  «.  JJJ^'  iBrlife. 

Exact  (just,  true,  accurate),  ^^a=^  m^A, 

Exact,  9.  c-Ji?  fo/aS,  a^J  hmam.     To 

exact  a  debt,  ^ J  ^JJ?  ^«2(id  <2ayfi. 
Exacted,,<iitfbi^  muktadi,L^^ia^maUMb, 

Exacter,  i.  (^li  ^ittf.  The  ezacter 
of  souls  (the  angel  of  death),  ^^li 
r^^J^^  Ad^tJ  al  arwdh. 

Exaction,  LilL^  mutdlabat,  c^Jit  isUb, 
lJJl^  toilA/  (pi.  cjUlO'  foioil/). 
Extraordinary  or  oppressive  exactions, 
iJcr  (.jlJlO  tdkdtif  ^tmfiyatt  u^lO 
Liy:  (0itdft/  ^fiyat.       \bikd  dikkU. 

Exactly,  ii^  jLt  bikol  mhhai,  iJ^  JG 

Exactness,  <ls*^  iahhai. 

Exaggerate,  v.  Joe  ^oaom,  ^b  idJlsf  A. 

Exaggeration,  ^jij  ta/r^i,  iii\^  Mtf5d* 

Exalt,  r.  Jie  ^mDBOfli,  fi^/akhkkam,  «J^ 
Exalted,  9  ^y«  fnaf:/%Z^,  ^aj^  Mtir^^. 
uJ^^^  muiharraf.    Exalted  in  dig- 
nity, jjill  ^Ic  ^aft  a/  Jbefr,   ^U 


EXO 


(639) 


EXC 


Exaltation,  f^j^  irtifd^  hoj  raf^^ 
EzameOy   examinatioii,  ^Jlt^cJu   taftUht 

yjo^  fahsy    ^ja^\  ifiihaSf  ^J\^^\ 

imtihdnf    C^U^f    Mihds,    jUscLsl 

istikhbdr. 
Examine,  v.  ^^dzs^/ahas,  .^icLiI  Utakkhar* 

To  examine  by  interrogation,  m^sc^\ 

iBtafham. 
Examined,  ^ys^  tnafhus,  ^J*cJl^  mu' 

fatUuhf  fjAs^  muhakkak,  ^j^  wu- 
jarrdb. 
Examiner,  examinator,  «.  (jMiU/t  mufat- 

Example,  «.  Jt^  matal  (pi.  ^dl/tl  amsi' 

lot),  iir^  naskhai  (pi.  ^    nmakh\ 

ij^  sural,  f^\  Oil ;  (applied  to  pun- 
ishment), ij^  ^'hrattan;  (a  person 
proposed  as  a  model),  ijj3  kadwat. 
To  be  punished  as  an  example,  ^^aAaj 

^^UU    iji^  takdsas  ^tbratan  lil  nds. 

For  example,  it^  tmualan.     If  thou 

do  not  what  I  hare  commanded  thee  forthwith, 
I  will  bum  thee  with  my  fire,  and  dart  at  thee 
my  deetntctiTe  sparks,  and  scatter  thee  torn  in 
pieces  over  the  deserts,  makin^^  thee  an  ex- 
ample  to  the  stationary  and  to  the  passer-by, 


^j[^  fclCU  ts-^-v,  t/jb  CJz3^\ 

Exasperate, v.)a\L\  aghdz,  i^^r\  aghdah. 
Exasperation,  ^/^^  tahwUh, 
Excavate,  v.  (to  make  hollow),  uJ^ 

jawwafyji^^  hafar. 
Excavation,  jUi>»\  iUifdr^  1>^  hafar, 

uJiyyr  iaft^f. 
Exceed,  9.  (go  bejond  bounds),  JJ^r 


Exceeding;  jMrt.  )bjL%  mufirit.     An  ex- 

ceeding,  J^l2si«  mutf^&wit. 
Exceeding,  exceedingly,  adv.  \^  iUuf - 

ran,  \*xp^jiddan.  Exceedingly  noxious, 

jjA\^  kofUr  addarar.    I  drew  near 

to  it,  and  walked  ronnd  it,  bat  found  no  door 
to  it ;  and  1  fonnd  that  I  had  no  strength  nor 
actiTity  to  climb  it,  on  aooonnt  of  its  exceeding 


smoothness,  l^^  ^--^J^  W*  C^y  Ji 

Excel,  V.  Sj^  jJlc  jli  fak  ^M  ghaifraho. 

Excellence,  excellency,  ^J^fadl,  ^^-nf 

fadllat   (pi.    JjUi  fadayil),    Ju^ 

kamdl.      His  Excellency  the  Pasha, 

\J^U\  ic\sui  Baudot  d  Pd$ha. 

Excellent,   Jjli  fadil,  uJj^    sharif, 

c^ii.;^  munlf.  And  she  said,  Excel- 
lent is  the  opinion  that  thon  hast  formed. 
Then  they  were  silent ;  and  they  passed  that 
night.  In  the  heart  of  the  King  Sedr  was  a 
flame  of  fire,  kindled  by  his  lore  and  passion 
for  the  Qneen  Joharah,  before  even  making 

her  acquaintance,  f^\J\  mm  l::JLLj 
CS^  \j\jy  \s^  U^t  J  *  Ssj\j  ^^jJI 


,U1 


^J' 


clOJl 


\^yu  ULS  HjJt^y^r  S^\  Jj^  ^ 

ExceUently,  J^  Jii  hikolfadl,  JUG 
<CJ^1  hikamdl  al  martabaL  Words 
excellently  arranged,  /^^ikiji\jb\j  aK 
kaldm  b&hir  ai  irUizdm, 

Except,  V.  ^^^^txa\  utasna\  , 

Except,  excepting,  4^^  9%wa\j^  S^a^fTf 
\  Jlc  ^ada,  1  J^U  ma  ^add,  LlU.  hashd. 

Excepted,  ^W^u^^  muatama*,  t  Jl^U  md 


^add» 

Exception,  \:>ts>^\  tstisnd.  Without  ex- 
ception, Ui:u>l  1)  hUd  istisnd. 

Exceptionable,  Ll;^!!!  jL^  mumkin  al 
Utund. 

Excess  (superfluity),  if  jbj  %iy&datflil\^ 


EXC 


(640) 


EXC 


tnuhdlaghat,  Ly  farat,  LLi^  ifrat,  i^ 
kasrat;  (intemperance),  J\jcx!tl  a<\c 
^adam  alt^ttddl;  (violence  of  passion), 

i^^»nr  ghadah.    They  then  drew  near 

to  him,  unbonnd  him,  and  kissed  his  feet, 
whereupon  he  opened  his  eyes,  and,  recogniz- 
ing the  Wezeer  of  his  father,  fell  down  in  a 

swoon  through  the  excess  of  his  joy,  ^ 

dJL>-^j  <b JJ  ^Afia  ^Uj  l)^^  \yt^ 

^y  if  jJ*  ^  ^ulf 

Excessive,  Jj^^  ^'^f^^^^*  Jksf  J^Lsr* 
mujdwiz  alhaddf\9jLt mufrit.  Excessive 
love,  <Us^1  l^l^l  ifrat  al  tnuhahhat. 

Excessively,  JkjJl  ^Jy/awk  al  hadd,  Jf^ 

if  jUSl  fawh  al  ^ddat     And  that  day 

was  excessiyely  hot ;  so  he  was  very  wearied 
by  the  load,  and  perspired  profusely,  the  heat 

violently  oppressing  him,  CXJi  ^^l^ 

Exchange,  v.Jsj  hadal,  J  Jui«j1  istahdal. 

I  have  sent  back  thy  ring  which  I  took  in  ex- 
change when  we  were  together ;  then  send  me 

mine,  id  Ju::L^t  ^i\\  uX^Jlf^  l:lJL»j\ 

Exchange,  ^jL«  muhddalat,  J  Jj  &<M?aJ, 
Jj  Ju7  iahdllf  ijo^  ^wad.  Exchange 
or  difference  of  money,  jJ  farL  An 
exchange  (where  merchantsmeet),  jUb 
hd%dr»  A  bill  or  letter  of  exchange, 
ilssaLj  safiajat,  U\y^  hawdlatf  ^y 
politxa. 
Exchanged,  Jj«V*  rndbduh 
Exchanger,  8,  (J(i>U^  mtf5aJ»7;  (a  money 
changer),  (-Jl^  wrrfi/.  [malek. 

Exchequer,  *.  u-XUil  ijrL  khasmat  al 
Excise,  *^  rMW,  l,oJ/j  ^aj[;/l/l 
Excite,  r.  ul^  harrak,   ^jb  hayyqf, 


fjo^  harrad.    To  excite  a  tamnlt  or 

disturbance,  iiill  ^j  raau^  alJUnai. 

They  excited  love  in  my  heart,  and  departed ; 
and  far  distant  hath  their  abode  beeome! 
Rrason  forsook  me  when  they  withdrew,  and 

sleep  and  patience  abandoned  me,  \yM\ 


CT*!? 


Jj«  ^«|Im» 


I  am 


\ 


Excitement,    ^jo^js^  tahrid, 

tahrik. 
Exclaim,  r.  ».l^  sdh,  i^JcJb  hataf, 

Exclaimer,  t.  c^'U  hditf,  fj^  odrikk. 
Exclude,  V.  fj^  f>j>^  haram  min,  ^^ 

mana^  djo  tarad. 
Excluded,  (^^jS^  maArilm. 
Exclusion,  ^>^  f»an^.  [««. 

Exclusive,  exclusively,  ^jo^cLSf*  mtciUM^ 
Excommunicate,  i^.  ^j>^  haram. 

Excommunication,    fj-^^  harm.      See 

Anathema. 
Excoriate,  JLj  kashshar. 

Excoriation,  jj^LSj  takshlr,   ^  talkkf 

*f^  Bolakh,  \kaikir. 

Excoriated,  ^  jLu/s  matliikhyjiiJi:^^  «ia»- 

Excrement  (dung),  (juuhsT  naj€i9. 
Excrescence,  «.  f^j^  waram. 

Excruciate,  v»  c^«3^  ^mah. 

Exculpate,  v,  ^  ^Jlc  ^afa'  ^on,  ^Lj 
sdmah. 

Excursion  (for  pleasure),  ^j  J  dawrm.  A 
hostile  excursion,  ^^U  ghdra  (pl« 
iJL^ljU  ghdrdt).  To  make  a  hostile 
excursion,  ^Jx^li  ghdra  ^ala\ 

Excusable,  j^^^^f^  ma^sflr,  iJjJ\  ^     'tS 

ttaujib  al  if^izar.  And  when  her  sisters  hemid 
her  words,  they  wept  by  reason  of  the  yiolenot 
of  their  aorrow  for  him,  and  said  to  her,  Veriiy 


EXE 


(641) 


jncv 


he  IB  excuaable,  LfJ^^l  ^  4»i  UJui 

Ezctue,   8.  j'dJR   fUtr,  jVs:s.\   i^vtdr, 

ijjjL^  tna^iorat.    A  friTolons  or  weak 

excuse,  ^jLj  ta^Uid.     By  way  of  ex- 

cnse,  jLclt  (jl)^,  h%  tarik  al  ta^aUul. 
Worthy  of  excuse,  jtX«^  tnu^r. 

Excuse,  v,  jjx,  ^omt,  ^  ^^  $afah  ^an. 
Be  kind  enongli  to  exciue  me ;  I  have  wearied 

thee  to  no  purposOi  JaJ  ^jju^i^\yi 

Excused,  j^Jut^ffui^sar. 
Excoser,  «.  (maker  of  apologies),  j«3cji^ 
mu^tojur;    (a  pardoner  of  offences), 

^U«  muidmih. 

Execrable,  ifjj^  mahmh,  ^^  ibrf  A. 

Execrate,  v.  ^^  la^an. 

Execration,  j(1^^cu«sl  utikrdh,  Lji  la^nat. 

Execute,  v,  (perform),  maj  tammam.   To 

execute  a  criminal,  JiS  hatdl. 
Execution  (performance),  J^f  ^amo/, 
t^l  t}V(S.   To  put  in  execution,  i^j>'\ 
ajr^.   To  put  the  laws  into  execution, 

^jjp\  ^jpA  ijra  al  hah.  The  execution 
of  a  criminal,  c^  Ju«Jl  Jii  hatl  al 
tnianih. 

Executioner,  s.  Jis^  jaUdd, 

Executive,  ^L^  ^mail.    The  executive 

power,  ^l^L>-11  jii/«  tnan/ad  al  ahkdm. 

Executor,  J^U  ^mil.     The  executor 

of  commands,  i*lC>>il  si:^  munaffid  al 

ahkdm.  The  executor  of  a  last  will, 
^Ltfjlt    Jlc  Ji^^  fvakll  ^ala*  al  wasiyaU 

Exemplar,  $.  J^l  <m/,  i^A^  tMskhat 

Exemplarily,    i^  ^thratan,  j^sju  ^^^ 
H  wafhin  yuctabar. 


Exemplarinesa.     See  Piety,  Probity. 

Exemplary,  5j^^ibratan,ij^\i^,^^^yt 
tnujib  al  ^ibrat.  [Illustration. 

Exemplification.     See  Copy,  Transcript, 

Exemplify,  v.  (illustrate  by  example), 
jL«  moBtal,  Jb^l  ^j^  darab  awudl, 
Jll/«1  Jj^\  awrad  amsdh 

Exempt,  V.  ^Jlc-\  a^a\ 

Exempt,   exempted,  ^j^  uJIa^  mu^f 

fnin,  ^  Sj^  munaxukh  ^an.    To  be 

exempted  from  public  burdens,  uJU.^ 

4JyJ  \  («^  1^1  ^/*  mu-^fmin  attakaltf 
al  ^urjlyat.  And  with  all  that  he  is  a  king, 
and  the  son  of*  a  king,  one  of  the  most  yir- 

tuous,  and  exempt  from  all  vices,  ^^j 

Jj^  J^\  ^  ^LxJl .     Please  to  pay 

attention  to  my  narration,  which  isyerystrani^e, 
and  which  will  at  the  same  time  proToae  smiles, 
and  move  to  tears.  I  am  a  man  whose  yirtnes 
are  exempt  from  any  defect,  and  ahout  whose 


glory  and  merit  there  is  no  doubt, 

S  "     '     - 


\ 


Exemption,  »\i\fu$  mu^d/dt. 

Exequies.    See  Obsequies,  Faneral  rites. 

Exercise,  JL^CL^f  iiti^tndl,  Ja^  shugMf 
Xjb  J  riyddat,  Xi^U^^  mumdrMat,  j^Smj 
ta^hm ;  (work,  labour,  exertion),  ^^as. 
^mal,  ijc^  san^t,  _«mi  ta^l ;  (re- 
creation),  <9^jij  tafarruf.  Literary 
exercise,  mAmj  ia^lim,  {j*»jd  dan,  A 
place  for  gymnastic  exercises,  ^i^^ 
mlddn  (pi.  ^^V*  fMty^dln). 

Exercise,  v.  J«4jCm»I  ista^tnal.  To  exer- 
cise authority,  S^^  hakam,  laLwJ  to- 
saUat.  To  exercise  in  military  art  or 
manoeuvres,  jjiju  Jax>  ^amal  ia^m* 

To  exercise  oneself  in  anything,  ^/m;U 

41 


(642) 


EXO 


wUiroi.  To  exercise  or  take  exercise 
(on  foot),  ^JS^  tamaihth/ef . 

Exert,  V.  (endeavour),  «Xf^|^  *i5j-  jad 
icdjtahad,  ^A*^  M^a'. 

Exertion,  ^x^  M^f,  *X^jahd,  Jo^jaidy 


t}\f^\  ijtihad. 

Exhalation,  exhalement,  j^a^  hakhdr. 
The  exhalation  from  waterbogs,  etc., 
U!  \  j\:kr  hahh&r  al  md.  Ihukhdr. 

Exhale,  v.j\ss:r  ix^  OJ9  tali^  minnaho 

Exhaust,  V,  L^j^  iuraff  jJu\  an/ad. 
Exhausted,  ^l^  khdH;  (poor,  penniless), 
^jAsL^  mu/lii.^  [kaddam. 

Exhibit,  v.j^\  azhar,  ^J^  ^arad^  ^Ji 
Exhibition,  J^\  ts^dr,   ^j^    iakdln^ 

Exhilarate,  9.  ^^^\  ^tahqf,  jmJ\  amarm 
Exhilaration,  ^  jS  farah,  JJsH  hahjat. 

E^ort,  r.  ^  nahhah,  u£j  K^a^as,  ,^*^ 

na$ah,    Tbou  dost  exhort  men  to  virtne,  and 

Set  tbou  dost  violate  her  sanctuary;  ^thou 
ost  prohibit  iniquity,  and  yet  thou '  dost 
abstain  not  therefrom;  thon  dost  denounce 
oppression,  and  then  thou  dost  commit  it; 
tnou  fearest  the  world,  though  God  claims  all 

thy  fear,  i\A^  t'    f '"j  *^-^V  y*^ 

Exhortation,  <L^i^  iUM!^a^,  ^"^  luuh, 

tat  (pi.  Ixcl^  mawd^). 
Exigence,  exigency,  i;j/^  darHrat,  ^  W. 
Aq/d^,  -p.L^;;l^\  ihtiydjf  Jls:)\  LdJiJl 
tiUfid  0/  Ad/7.     The  exigency  of  the 
occasion,  time  and  place,  J^^^l  \^aGi\ 

^t«p\^  Layi^^  iktidd  al  mahall  ical 
furmt  fcazsutmdn.  On  account  of  the 
exigency  of  the  affair,  \,aaji\ 


IaUI^^UHj^^ 


knob  ul  Middf  -.Ic^St^ Jii  hQeMdm-  ul 
Miydj. 
Exile,  _aJ  nafi. 

Exile,  «.  ^<A2^  manfa\ 
Exile,  9.  _AJ  fio/a',  J^  iarad. 
Exiled,  (  ^a:^  nuin/t. 


Existence,  *^^^  wujud.    And  he  said. 

Verily  I  am  a  longing  lorer,  whom  pasBon  and 
separation  have  consumed ;  and  when  I  beeiBc 
severed  from  my  beloved,  I  lost  my  reaaon, 
and   became  unoonidotts   of  my   existeiiee. 


lJ^\  Ui-5;li  ^j^^  j|/J»^  fj^' 

Existent,  existing,  *^^y  mawjud^  ^i 
hay  in.  Not  existing,  i^^yj^  9^V 
mawjad.  Self-existent,  or  necessarily- 
existing  (one  of  the  attributea  of  Omni- 
potence), J^y  ^  (^..^l^  wdjihal  wttfud. 

Exit.     See  Departure,  Eecess. 
Exodus.  ^tijs}\jiL^  8tfr  al  khuriif. 
Exonerate...  J^l  Jji  naualalhml, 

^jjt  <0^  tahriyat  atxummat. 
Exorbitance,    exorbitancy,  ^  ^^js\ 

JlsI  al  Jchuruj  can  al  hadd. 
Exorbitant  (enormous  in  size),  ^  ttJ^ 

Saff\  khdrf  ^  al  hadd. 
Exorbitantly,  Jus)\  cT -rj^^P^  ** 

naw^in  hhdrj  ^a»  al  had. 
Exorcise,  r.  ^Jlc  aIc  ^(sssam  ^ots*. 
Exerciser,  exorcist,  «•  ^iu,b'".ui'<  m«f  ^tfjbim. 
Exorcism,  ^iyu  ia^lm. 

Exordium,  i^-K^j^  dihdjat,  £«ja^  m«- 

A^aiffltoina^.  And  I  was  seeking,  from  toy  earli- 
est outflowings  till  my  latest  retumings,  in 
eveiT  direction  for  a  generous  man,  to  whom  I 
might,  by  a  well-invented  preface  or  ezordiiim, 

expose  my  great  want,  ^j\m^  \^*hj^^ 
^J  si^^JJ  S^W  ^^^  4"^ 


EXP 


(643) 


EXP 


Exotic,  f^jr^^  tf^M,  t-^^  gharih. 
Expand,  v.  (open,  spread),  J^^mad  LmJ 

Expanded,  )oy»t^^  fnabiUf  ^^yu^  ma- 

Expanse,  expansion,  kw  hatt,  jlja»«l 
tnUiddd,  The  eiqyanse  or  space  between 
beayen  and  earth,  ^  jaw. 

Expansibilitj,  IxmJI  ^UL«1  imkan  al  hatt 

Expansible,  LmJ\  ^JL^^  mumkin  al  hati, 

Expaosire,  jcuj  ywmtad. 

Expatiate  .  -^1  J^  iawwal  al  eharh. 

To  expatiate  npon,  J^  foMol, 

Expect,  9.Jaoj\  intatar,  l^-^  tarakkah, 

«jy  tawakka^,  Juy  taroMod.     With 

your  permiflsioii,  I  would  go  to  mj  mother ;  for 
I  ha^e  been  with  voa  a  number  of  days,  and  the 
hearts  of  my  family  are  troubled  respecting  me, 

and  they  are  expecting  me,  UC)  jl  ^ 

Expectant,  expecter,  jVi'W  ^  muntaxir, 

«WJi/«  mutroBiid,  c^^^J^  mutarakhih. 

Expectation,  expectancy,  jUiiil  intitdrf 
XfiJ  tarasiud.     Without  expectation, 

i\^\  cl9*^  ^ti^tin  intvtdr. 
Expected,  iku^'  muntazar. 
Expedience,  expediency,  ^j^^  durHrat, 

Li  L!  layaJcat^  a^\^  lu%um,L^^^  ivujuh, 

L^\:^  mundsahat. 
Expedient,  ^J  layik,  /^Ji  Idtim,  w*f»-1j 

wdjib,  c»  ^>.)li/<  mundstb.  It  is  not  ex* 
pedient,  ^ij^  ghayr  l&yik.  An  ex- 
pedient,^ Jj  tadhlr^  -^ifi  ^ftey,  2[^l^ 

«Adra.  To  be  expedient,  jJ  toil, 
u^^^j  trofV^,  uy^ii^U  nd«ad. 

Expediently,  Uj)2dyi09i,  L5»-fjf^4/^<>^» 


Expedite,  v.  J^  ^^tf^f  f/^^  Mra^; 
(to  despatch),  J««^^  arutl. 

Expedition  (haste),  is.j^  mr^,  oAjsr- 
^^alat,  J^  ta^l,  Jls5^\  uii^'&l; 
(a  joomey),  jiu»  m/ar.  A  warlike  ex- 
pedition, ^i^  9itfar;  (against  infidels), 
j\4>-  Jihad.  A  general  expedition  of 
the  nobles,  /*^;:^i^  na/ir  ^m.  To  go 
on  an  expedition,  ^AaJI  ^Jlc  i^  ^a»am 
^la*  auafar. 

Expeditions  (expedite),  ^^ys^^'^l. 

Expeditiously,  expeditely,  JLs*^\  JG 
hikoli9t%^'dl,ils^\  jJx  ^ai»'  al^ajalat. 

Expel, ».  ^  Jd0/a&,  J;  ra<?,  ^^^  akhrqf. 

Expend,  ir.  ^r^^  kharaj,  i^j^  saraf  J  jj 
5asa/^  fjju\  anfak.  To  expend  to  the 
utmost  of  one's  abilities,  2Ft>^  Jij 
haaal  jahdaho^    To  expend  profusely, 

(.jilj  ^/o/l  ;^^^  MTtf/l     And  if  I  see 

her  to  be  suitable  to  him,  I  will  demand  her  in 
marriage  of  her  father,  though  I  expend  upon 
her  all  that  my  hand  poasesses.  Acquaint  me 
therefore  with  her,  and  fear  not  aught,  for  my 

son  is  asleep,  l£"..U<.  <jJ  J^^  \fj\j  iJli 

Ji\j  Lff^iiy    And  I  brought  back  a  load 

upon  my  head,  and  sold  it  for  half  a  piece  of 
gold,  part  of  which  I  expended  in  food,  laying 

by  the  remainder,    Jlc  J-*^  '^■^^-^^ 

ma 

Expended,  uJ^^y^o^  matr^f. 

Expense,  ^^;fi^  i^ai^'y  ««j»;«0  sarf;  (price), 

Expensive  (extravagant),  i^jt^u^  tnuirif. 
Expensively,  uJiJ  Jiu  ^"iib^  ^a(/*. 
Expensiveness  (costliness),  ^^;>>  £^Af/; 
(extravagance),  uJlj  fo(A 


EXP 


(644) 


EXP 


Experience,  l)jsf^  tajnbatf  ^^l^Uil  imr 
tihdiu  ij^^  ihthrat 

Experience,  p.  a.  ^->/r  jarrab,  ^^y^^\ 

imtahan.  And  were  it  not  for  the  fact  of  thy 
having  brought  me  up  (reared  me),  I  would 
lay  violent  hands  upon  thee  this  moment! 
God  has  afflicted  me  by  this  merchant ;  and 
all  that  I  have  experienced  irom  him  was  done 
on  thy  account,  and  by  thy  instrumentality, 

Ji^^yi  lilJ  ddJ\  Jib  Jij  LI^^l 

Experienced  (skilfal  by  practice),  iJjU 

j^^  khablr. 
Experiment,  «.  joW-«1  mtihdn,   ij^ 

khihrat,  A^jseT  tajribaL     To  make  an 

experiment,  ^j^^^  tmtahan. 
Experimental  (belonging  to  experiment), 

<Jlssx^l  mtihdni. 
Experimentally,  ij^  JL)  hikol  khtbrat, 

^l^L«3ll  i^p^y  hi  wqjh  id  imtih&n. 
Expert,  ^^--^^^ailr,^U  moAtr. 
Expertly,  ij^  Jilj  hikol  khihrat, 
Expertness,   ij\^2JL  ihatdrat,   uJj^>aJ 

tasarruf, 
'Ex^iahle,  jSJu  yuffh/oTf  ^jsijf/ufda\ 
Expiate,  v.jSJc^\  iitaghfar. 

Expiation,  ^ J  dayyat,  ij\ii  hafirat. 
Expiatory,  ^^^lijc^l  istighfarl. 
Expiration  (conclusion   of  any  limited 
time),   StXfijSl  ^\aj  tamam  al  wa^dat. 

Ifi3\  intiha\  (the  last  breath),  (Js^Xl 
aldjl;  (respiration),  ^/Mj  tanaffijut. 
Expire  (breathe  the  last),  ^  jmS^  S-^ 
iallam  arrawh  \  (to  breathe  out),  \j**i:J 
tanaffas;  (to  conclude,  to  be  ended), 
^^a^\  inkada\ 

Explain,   v.  jjj*3  fiusoTf    ^jJ^    aharah. 

And  his  son  replied,  0  my  father,  thou  art 
certainly  right  in  what  thou  hast  said,  but  thou 
hast  sewn  up  instead  of  onxaveUing  the  matter ; 


explain,  then,  by  what  means  I  may  eatiks' 
a  vintage  (of  gain),  and  whence  tbe  aesred 

supply  may  be  obtained,  duji  ^  ^JUJ 

•■  ^   •    • 

Explained,  ^jiy^  nuuhrnh,  yu*SL 

fiu9ar.     In   the   manner    explained, 

^•JUjt  J^>^^  ^^  ffumiodi  al  ««- 

ihruh.       It    cannot    be    explained, 

j^f^\^jLi>^j^  ghayr  mwnkin  alia^r, 

yuizJi  IdyutafMBar,  Clearly  explained, 

Ij.rgT    ta/silan,    Jj^fi3l  ^Xc    ^mia 
oUafAl. 
Explanation,    ^Li  hkydn^    ^jL  skark 

(pi.  ^^jJ^  ahur1th),ji^  Ufoir^j^ 
ta^hir.     Explanation  of  dreams,  ^^ 
\ljj\  ta^r  al  rHyd,  CL^ULJI^ 
tafslr  al  mandmdt.        [15^^^  idtnU. 
Explanatory,  explicative,  g^***Aj  taftiri. 

Expletive,  v,  (superfluous  word),  sAj  ^ 

kalam  ndyid. 
Explicable,   explainable,    .j^mP-.M  ^^^^a^ 

mumkin   atta/ar,    ^j^^  (Jf^    kdbH 

(uhsharh. 
Explication.     See  Explanation. 
Explicit,  y>llfir  %ahir,  ^j^  9aHh,  ^|^ 

wadih. 
Explicitly,  \j>>^%Shiran,  \a^j^  $arfham, 

Ju^'o  ha  tafsll  [karh. 

Exploit,  9,  L^j£e\i  i^a*Ji\  auatwai  hH 
Explore,  r.  ^jttM^sertajanai^ 
Explored.   See  Examined.  [TriaL 

Explorement,  exploration.     See  Seard^ 
Explorer,  explorator.     See  Examiner, 
Explosion,  f .  AjLajf  toi&dum. 

Export,  1;.  Vr^^^  *^V^  J'  J  V  J^ 
nakal  amwdl  ila*  al  hHHd  al  kkurjiyat^ 


(645) 


IBXQ, 


Exportation,  jJLJl  ^1  Jt^Jt  ^jJ^\ 
^Lmi^XI  HhrdJ  (U  amtffdl  Ua'  ai  hilddal 

Expose  (lay  open),  j^\  a%har,   ^js. 

jMrod,    To  expose  to  the  sun,  ^juaJa 
shamnuu.     To  expose  to  danger,  ^ja^ 

Jair  ^twad  lU  hhatar.  To  expose 
oneself  to  danger,  4ing„u^l^  khatar 
hinafiiho.    To  expose  one's  life  in  the 

service  of  Ood,  jdil  (LtSs  ^L>-  /»J^ 

kaddam  haydtdhi  U  khidmat  allah.     To 

expose  to  infamy  (to  revile),  /^fadah* 

iExposed,    fjo^jjf^^   ma^d,   ^^jJL^^ 

nuuihrHh.  Exposed  to  the  son,  ^^^^«JLu«x^ 

mfUMhammM. 
Expontion  (explanation),  ^Ul»-  Midi/at, 

Ju}  haydn,  j^  ta^lr,  ^Li»\  Iddh, 

^jJ^  9harh,  jIjSj  tahrir,  ^joy^  ^ard. 
Expositor, «.  9-j^  ihdrihfjLiu*  mufa»9ir. 

Expostulate,  ^^Jj^  taahakJIui,  ^^^^^ 
iihtaka. 

Expostulation,  \yzJ  da^d,  f^^t^da^a', 
c^jJ  nhd^,  icj\i^  mundni^tr  uJlbe^t 
ikhtildf,  iAiJ^  ikikayatj  lyLl  shakwd, 

^^\s^    ^tdb,  ^U/t  mu^Uhah.      I 

wiBhed  for  1117  beloTed;  bat  when  I  beheld 
him  I  was  confoanded,  and  poasessed  neither 
tongae  nor  eye.  I  hung  down  my  head  in 
honour  and  reverence,  and  would  hare  hidden 
what  I  felt,  but  it  would  not  be  concealed.^  I 
had  prepared  a  volume  of  expostulation, 
but  when*  we  met  I  uttered  not  a  word  I 

Expostulator,  «•  ^S^iJL^  musJUakl,  ^j^ 

mundzi^  [ifshd. 

Exposure  (disblosure),  j\^\  iihdrt  \mJ\ 


Expound,  j*ui  fuMr.      See   Explain^ 

Interpret. 
Express^  v,  (by  language,  etcOi  ^  lafoi, 

^jJ^  ikarah,  ^^  hayyan,  *5j  rakam, 

(^jL^  waiaf\  (to  Bqueeze),yidf  ^atar. 
Express  (dear,  plain),  yhU^  wdhWj  ^^j^^ 

mubayym ;  (for  a  particular  purpose), 

^ah  hikoidin. 
Express,  «.  (messenger),  ^c^Li  *d^. 

Expressed  (pronounced),  l^yL*  nuUfat, 

Expressible  (that  may  be  uttered),.  laiL 

ytdfim;  (that  may  be  squeezed  out). 

Expression  (by  language  etc.),  iaUj  ta- 
laffiM,  lai!  lajk,  XIaa!  lajkat;  (squeezing), 
ji^ofu  ta^r.  The  expression  and  sig- 
nification, iJ^i^^  1^  ^fa wa ma^\ 

Expressive,  ^iiiJ  ^fi'^i  (descriptive). 

Expressively,    Uoil  lafium. 
Expressiveness,  >»KI1  ify  kuwat  al  kaldm, 
ciitfjll  if^  kitwal  alwasf^  uJl*^!  t<t«a/. 
Expressly,    la^^  «aH^n. 
Expulsion,  ^)/>^^  ikhrdj^  jjd  tard,  Jj 

ritdf  ^^^  ^^y* 
Expulsive,  ^f<^  <^/f^.     The  expulsive 
power,  ^jJl  iiy  kuwat  addaf^. 

Expunge,  r.  cl^  hak,  ^^j^  maha'. 

Exquisite,  t— flgU  2ti^{/,^^^iMi3na/1«^  t^<^ 
^0^^.  Of  exquisite  beauty,  %JJJ 
JUbSsI  &<Mft^  qjjamdL  The  most  ex- 
quisite part  of  anything,  Ui^  khuld" 
sai,  il^Uj  nakdtpat.     Exquisite  things, 

^jmj\su  nafdyea.     And  after  that  there 

blew  upon  him  the  odour  of  delicious,  ex- 
quisite- viands,  of  different  kinds,  and  of  de- 
licious winesy  ^lJl^  ^j:^^  Ci3  J  Jjuj 

Jj!i\  ^--^  ^^  LJj  l^\  lsr\j 

y^^\  ^-l^/J\J  is^^\ 


EXT 


(646) 


EXT 


Exquisitely,  ^j>*Jo   q  yj  hmaw^na/U, 

""UU.  Jchdliion. 
ExqaisiteneaSy  kJjo  na/dsat,  £»IU  hMjkt. 
Extant   (remaining,    not    annihilated), 

^\j  hdkl.     Projecting,  JjU  hdriu 

Extempore,  extemporal,  extemporally, 
eztemporaneooB,  extemporary,  j^^«V 
hadihi.  An  extempore  speech,  ^\^^ 
tktirdh. 

Extend,  r.  J^  iawwai,  »x^  ifi«i,  LuJ 
basat.    ToeatendthelimitBor territory, 

Extended,  extensive,  JjJw4^   fmrnd^d. 

Extender,  9.  JjU  madid. 
Extendible,  extensible,  Jcj«j  yumiad. 
Extensibility,  extMmiblenee6;jljc^!l\  ii^ 

kuwat  al  imtiddd* 
Extension,  extensiveness,  extent,   J^ 

HI,  ijua  i^at,  jtjLiL^l  imtiddd.     Ko 

one  Ib  able  to  prerail  i^^nst  him,  on  account 
of  the  abandance  of  his  troops,  the  extent  of 
his  dominions,  and  the  greatness  of  his  wealth, 

3^Lȣ  ij^  ^  4X^1  ^lJx  jJ^^  ti 

Extenuate,  1?.  (attenuate,  make  thin,  lean, 
or  small),  i^iA:^  khaffaf,  d— a^  naMiaf, 
fjij  rakkakf  (to  palliate),  ^yc  ^autr. 

Extenuated^  <— a^oT  nahif,  ciyitJ  i/a^f/l 

Extenuation,  <L3^  rikkat,  i^on^  ^ffi 
(palliation),  j«j^  ^tar,  JUJ  ia^aUtd. 

Exterior, yblb  %dhir,  ^j\^  khdrij.    The 

exterior  part,  i^lkJl  ijyiai\  Msurai 
audhirat. 
Exterminate,   v.  f^\:L^\   utdeal,   «Jai 
kata^f  ^ii  kala^. 

Extermination,  JLx^l  istUdl,  «Ji  kal^. 
Exterminator, «.  J^lxk^^  muttdiU. 


Eztemal,y)ll9  idMr,  ^jU^  i^ldry.  See 

Exterior,  Outward. 
Externally,  ljj|^«ura<«ii,  V^U^adAirwi. 
Extinct,  ftSXt^  iMHi^tfittn,  ^^^^^  m«(/I, 

_«k:^  muntafl^  m\il\^  fmmlati^. 

Extinction,  extinguishment,  UW^  i^. 
Extinguish,  ^  iafa\     To  extinguiah 

(annihilate),  ^c^^  maA^*,  a«X£  ^mdam, 

Eztinguishable,  ^^^la:^ yuntafl. 
Extinguished,  ^^aIs^  mui/%,  ^aVr;,^  «■»- 

Extinguisher,  ^Jio^  muifU 
Extirpate,  r.  ^3  kala^,  ^}^\s^\  d»idaaL 

Extirpated,  J^^buk^  muitdioif  fy^^ 

making. 
Extirpating,  ^U  kdU^, 

Extirpation,  JLxo^f  M^f«d/,  ^Li  U^. 

Extirpator,  f.  ^IS  jfcd/i^. 

Extol,  c.  Xik^-  hamad,  -.  J^  inodM.  To 
extol  immoderately,  ^JcJI  ^  «Jb 
to%A  yt;  moJA.  To  extol  oneeelf, 
^^  J  ^iX«  fnadah  wdtuko.     To  extol  one 


ano^r,  I^jUJ  iamddahn. 
Extolled,  ^^«>««^  mamdnhj 

Buff  i^y^js^  mahmadt  j^LiL^  maM%r» 
Extoller,  $,  -.  JL«  mddih,  .1jl«  maiidk^ 

i^^JiA^  wditf. 
Extort,  r.  ^  stJin.    To  extort  by  torture. 

^j  ranuf  Uhtdl^amdh. 
Extorted,  (^^^  nuaUUm, 
Extortion,  ^  wi/lm.    Oppressive  extor- 
tions, ifMx.  uJJlC  takdllf  ^unfysi. 

Extortioner,  extorter,  «•  JII0  talim,  /•  J^ 
so/ilm,  _ib  id^^hi. 


Ajji\iz 


EXIT 


(647) 


EYE 


Extract,  r.  ^ja^\  uiakhraj;  (select), 

^,^.Js^\  intakhab,  j\s^\  tkktdr. 
Extract,  s.  ^jo^^s^  taUMi^joaJs^  muhk' 

tasar.  [mutalakhkhaa. 

Extracted,  -..  ^aCUu^  muitakhraj,  f^^osr^^ 
Extraotioii  (lineage),  J^^l  aal,  JmmJ  nail, 

w>*«i«*^  na$ab,  ^j**:^  jim. 
Extractor,  «•  ^^^^  mulakhkhis. 
Eztrajadidal,  ^yuJ!  l,  ^j.!y  t^tH'C  JUt- 

^^  for^I^  aahsharl^L 
Extramundane,  l<«J^^  (<«^  <^y  wahmh 
Extraneons,  U;.'^^  ghwrih* 
Extraordinary,    .jU   n£(?iir,  ^  tJ^ 

i^jUII  Jth&rij  ^n  al  ^dai,  j\sju9j^ 

ghayr  mu^idd,  c-.-^  ^^1^,  fc-^^ 
gharib. 
Extraordinarily,    extraordinary,    ^^  ^ 

\^^»^  hinaw^n  ^afih.         [kardmat. 
Extraordinariness,  ijiAj  nddiratf  i^]^ 
Extravagance,   extravagantnesB  (super- 
fluous expense),  uJUmiI  isrdf. 
Extravagant  (in  expense),  j«X^  muh%fr, 

uJ^M^   mttsrif'f    (irregular),    c— f^*-^ 

isA^\  khUdfal  kd^dat. 
Extravagantly  (expensively),  ^.filjjij 

hikol  talaf. 
Extreme  (last),  jsS^J  dkhir,  ^^a3\  ak$a* ; 

(greatest),   Ja^l   a^iiam,  jS\   akbar ; 

(highest),  ^Ixl  a^\  [^hadd. 

Extreme,  extremity,  iAe.  ghdyat,  «x»> 
Extremely,  iAs,  ghdgat,  SAkj  hi  ghdyaU 
Extricate,  i^.  ^jLyu^l  J,».  hal  al  mashkah 
Extrinsic,  (^^U?  zdhirl,  i^j^  ^aradi. 
Extrinsically,  b^^  9;^kratw^,   j^U?  sd- 

hWan. 
Exuherance,  i^  kasraU 
Exuberant   ^v.Cmm^  «»iM^^nl, 

fdyid^jJt^  katlr. 


Exult,  «.  Jl^;  to^^ 

Exultation,  «-.lf^^  ibtxhdj,  Is^  hahjat, 

Jiff  ^^{/.     With  exultation,  J^ 

^Ifjl  5fibo7  (btihdf. 
Exulting,    adf,  j^y*^  mairUr,   ^^ 

muhtahij.  Exulting  foe,  c^^w^L^. 
There  remaineth  not  but  a  flitting  breatii, 
and  an  eye  whose  pupil  it  inanimate.  There 
remaineth  not  a  joint  of  any  of  his  limbs  but 
in  it  is  a  constant  disease.  His  tears  are 
flowing,  and  his  bowels  burning ;  and  yet  he 
is  silent.  His  enemies  weep  for  him  out  of 
compassion.   Alas,  for  him  whom  the  elulting 


JUj 


i(J 


foe  pitieth !  *  L:u*iU  ^j*^ 

f  s  a 

^U^J^L^IS  ^^^jJW  J.«aA^^Lie1 

Exultingly,*^lfj\  Jij  hikol  M%hdj,jL 


J3J^ 


hikol  snriLr, 


Eye,  fjt^  lagn  (pi.  ^^  ^gikn) ;  (or 
sight),y.^  haMT.  A  wink,  glance,  or 
signal  with  the  eye,  lus.  ghamtat. 

In  the  twinkling  of  an  eye,  djja  ^ 
^jiji\  ft  tarfat  al  ^yin.  As  far  as  the 
eye  can  reach,y<dJ\  j^^ji  kadar  mad 
al  haior.  To  look  attentively  or  amor- 
ously through  half-shut  eyes,  ]a^ 
^j*fi\  4— i^  lahaz  hitaraf  al  ^in. 
Squint-eyed,  J^^  ahtpal  (fem.  X^ 
hawld.)  One-eyed,  jy£\  a-^ar  (fern* 
\j^  ^wrd).  An  eye  for  an  eye  (re- 
taliation), ^j^  J  Jj  ^J^  ^yin  hadal 
^in.  The  comer  of  the  eye,  ^J^ 
fj*fi\  tarafal  cayin.    The  star  called 

the  Bull's  Eye  or  Aldabaran,  ^j]ji'^\ 

addabaran.  And  when  he  lay  down,  he 
turned  up  his  eyes  towards  the  tree,  and  they 
met  those  of  Joharah ;  so  he  looked  at  her. 
attd  saw  her  to  be  like  the  moon  wh«n  it 


FAC 


(648) 


FAC 


Bhineth,  iys^\  js^  Xj^  «J;  Ssj  Uli 
y  1^  ijjbyp^  ^^  ^^  Ai-£  cr-^y 

Eye,  9.  ^IL  ^a//a^. 

Eyeball  or  pupil,  i.  ^^^ly^  &ili3il  a/ 

^^1  ^^f  »n«d»  a/  ^aytn. 
Eyebrow,  (.^^^^rU^  hdjib.    The  hair  of 

the  eyebrow,  c-^JJb  Au^. 
Eyeless,  ^^.4x1  a^ma'.     See  Blind. 
Eyelid,  ».  ^J^  jafn  (pi.  ^Usj-^  «t^a»). 
Eyesight,  ^^^  ^^  nosra^  ^aytn. 
Eyewitness,  «•  jJbLl  «^At<^  (pi.  J^ 


F. 


Fable,  «•  <U=3  AwaA,  ^l^  hikdyat,  Ji/t 

ffio^a/.     Fables,  Jl2^\  am#d/. 
Fable,  v.  s:d\jJ^    ij>-  haka*  hakdyat. 
Fabled  (celebrated  in  fable),  ^^  lJ^^^ 
iZi\M^    mMa'   ^annaho    hahayat, 
i^yay  fnawsOf, 
Fabler,  fabulist,  i.  (JS^^  hakdw&th 
Fabricate,  v,  (construct),  y4k£  ^ammar. 
Fabrication  (constructing)  ,^«i<4ffJ  ta^lr, 

Fabric,  8.  l:j  hind,  ^jU^e  ^tmdrat. 
Fabulous,  ^^^^  wahml.  [ya/. 

Fabulously,"  C^UlGelt  Jj^  tnttl  id  hikd- 
Face,  «.  i^^  wajhfjoj  tuuar.   The  face 

of  the  earth,  ijoJi\  ^j  wajh  al  ard. 
To  change  the  face  (change  counten- 
ance), ^^  talatcwan.  To  turn  the 
face,  ^^^^  j^J  ddr  wajhaho.  Having 
the  face  of  an  angel,  cJ)US\  ^^  J^ 
mul  fffofh  al  maldk.     Face   to  face, 


(opposite),  iJjU^  mukdM.    The  &oe 

or  page  of  a  book,  ^Ju^f^  tahlfai.    Eve 

has  not  eeen  any  one  like  thee,  nor  in  the 
Gardens  of  immortalitj  is  another  like  tfaec 
Then  if  thou  wiahest  my  torment,  it  will  proeeed 
from  lore's  laws ;  and  if  thon  wilt  pardon,  thoa 
hast  the  choice  to  do  so.  0,  ornament  of  tbe 
world,  and  utmost  ohiect  of  desire,  who  can 
keep  from  enjoying  ue  heanty  of  thy  £ue^ 


>i, « \j^\  cXi^  V 


^b 


U^3 


AJ\ 


yU, 


4^ 


U^\ 


J  CS^y     Then  there  came  to 


them  a  crier,  after  they  were  buried,  saying. 
Where  are  the  thrones,  the  crowns,  And  the 
apparel  P  Where  are  the  faces  which  were  Tdkd 
and  curtained,  and  on  which,  for  their  hcwtty. 


proverbs  were  composed  ?  ^J^  e*^'^ 

Jull^  jLJl  i^jAi  l^^*3  ^ 
Face,  V,  (meet  face  to  face),  Jjli  kdhal; 
(to  oppose  with  boldness),  ijoj^  ^rad. 
Face-painter,  t,jya^  mtuawwir. 

Facetious,  uJJaS  latlf,  f^jJ^\  'i_^^^ 
latlfal  mashrab,  c^Jl?  sorf/l 

Facetiously,  i^-iJal  ^9f^,  hinauf^  UH/. 

Facetionsness,  ijlU  latdfat. 

Facilitate,  v,  Jfi»  $ahhaL     To  focilitate 

«f  mm 

the  means,  ^^  yatior,  ^^  ^ayyan, 
LjLj^I  ^jAJb  hayyan  al  woidyit. 

m 

Facilitatedy^MM.^  fMtyauar, 

Facility,  JLl^f^Mi^a/a^;  (ductility )^^«mmJ 
tdynr.  Facility  in  disposing  of  mer- 
chandize, ^\^j  rawdj.  With  facility, 
i[J^  ^yL  hikol  iuhnlai. 

Facing,  (JjU^  mukdhl. 

Fact,  ».  (deed),  Jjo^c/,  ^Jax.  ^amal, 

tani^;  (reality),  iiJi^  kaklkmt. 


PAI 


(649) 


FAI 


In &ct,  ^\^\  ^fllwdM^  iAJiJS    J 

fil  haklkat. 
Faction   (oonfederaoy),  jLa^t    ittihdd, 
j[aj\    iUifak^    ifjUbU^    mu^dhadat; 
(machination),  <dUgfc-  hllat,  jL^fudd; 
(tamalt),  hzi  fitnat. 

Factions,  ^Jcj  faUdn. 

Factiottsljy^^dj  limdkrin. 

Factitious,  (^  JuliJ  taiUdl,  ^J^^*^  ^moH, 

Factor  (agent),  J^j  wdlAL 
Factory,  «.  JDl^^  waldlat. 
Factotum,  «•  ;Uf«  mt^mds* 

Facnltj  (ability),  ijSi  kudrat,  j\dsj\  tk- 

tiddr,  iy  kUwat,  JLilL  tdkat;  (powers 

of  the  mind,  capacity),  iy  kUwat^  Ac 

^m,  JJf  ^akl,  cJ\jJ\  idrdhf  l^\y 
fardMt,  j^fahm.    The  visible  fiacolty, 

i^UI  i^  k^wat  al  hdstrat. 
Fade,  v.  (grow  weak),  cmJ  iZ^^i/;  (to 

wither  as  a  vegetable),  Jj  J  deheL 
Faded,  ^Ib  J  c^o^ten,  uJ^  ii<i^2/. 
Fagoty  8.  i^j>-  hmmaL 
Fail,  V,  (become  deficient),  ^/aSj  nekes ; 

(to  become  extinct),  aJajI  in^adam, 

wUa3\  inkata^,  i/^^  intafa\     It  did 

not  £eu1  to  be,  iL^\  t«  md  tfn/ai;. 
Fail,failnre(wantofsacce8s),«.U^\  f^Ss. 

^adamalnajdh;  (deficiency),ji^.d3  ibwur, 

^li^  nttksdn;  (omission),  ^\^  tahd^ 
mid;  (extinction),  ULt  it/d.    Without 

fail,   tyai  j^x.  ^^  tnin  ghayr  huiUr. 

And  I  was  blessed  with  a  thousand  cbildren, 
like  stora  lions;  and  I  lived  a  thousand 
yean,  happy  in  mind  and  heart;  and  I 
amassed  ncbes  snch  as  the  kings  of  the  re- 
gions of  the  earth  were^  anable  to  procnre, 
and  imagined  that  my  enjoyments  would  con- 
tinue without  fidlure,  c^l  vji^j^^ 

^  sJL^Mkrj  ^j0tj\yi\  i^i^M  A^l^  j3j 


Failing,  s.  (imperfection,  deficiency),  ^ 
sahu,  IksL  hhatd,jy^  huur,  ^LsAj 
nuksdn,  c.'^jP  ^offh,  ^joAj  naJUf  j^^oSj 
tahHr. 

Fain  (wishful),  jli«u^  muihtdk,  Uy.»rwLg 
^y^  sdhib  thawk;  (compelled),  jj^^dr* 
mafbur. 

Faint  (feeble),  ^,gjt^>  <^^|/* 

Faint,  v.  (become  feeble),  i^nJt  de^ef; 
(to   swoon),  iJ^  ffheshi.     And  she 

fell  into  a  yiolent'rage,  and  called  out  to  the 
female  slaves  and  eunuchs,  and  said,  Seize  this 
artful  old  wonun,  and  beat  her  with  your  slip- 
pers.   So  they  fell  to  beating  her  with  their 

slippers  until  she  fainted,  ci^LlxIJ 

iJ^  l^  l^jii  j3Lcj  U^^lj  J/UH 

Fainting,  «.  SLjLc  gha$hyat,         [^futUr, 

Faintness,  faintishness,  ysP-  ^aj<a,  jfi 

Faintly,  Ls*  JiS  hikd  ^'m. 

Fair  (handsome),  f^^J^  %arl/,  ^j***^ 
hoM,  i)^4£^  jamtl ;  (clear),  u^JlL^ 
ihaffdf\  (honest,  just),  Jjlc  ^ddU\ 
(nuld,  not  severe),  ^.^^  wadf^,  Ji^ 
muldgim ;  (commodious),  ^.^^L^  mu- 
ndstb,  fj3\ymuwdjik\  (civil),  L»>^fwli^ 
c^jI  9dh%b  adab.  Fair  demeanour, 
<u3Lj\  imdnigai,  <^j\  m^,  >— akl  ^(/l 

Fair,  «.  (stated  meeting  of  buyers  and 
sellers),  f^^y  mawtam,  j^U  hd%dr, 
jl\jj  pandyir. 

Fairly  (beautifully),  J;«»4>>  j^ji  hi  waj* 
htn Jamil;  (commodiously),  'dAi\y$  ^jij 


PAL 


(650) 


FAl 


hikol  mutodfaJBat;  (without  a  blot),  ^ 
i^^-mP.j^  min ghayr  ^h ;  (complete- 
ly), L«Uj  tamdman. 
Fairness,  JLii^  jamdl,  ,j-am»-  hun ; 

(honesty),  Ji^  saldh,  iJ\tX^  saddkat. 
Fairy,  9.  &^:,a^  jinniyat,     A  fairy  sup- 
posed to  cure  diseases  in  the  throat  m\ 
i^yil^-  umm  halkiim. 

Faith  (in  religion),  ^J  din,  ^Uj\  Imam; 

(trust),  jU^l  %^tikdd,j\^\  i^ihdr, 

jUs^\  i^timdd;  (fidelity),  iL^  haki- 

kat,  JLtlJjiL-rfl  istikdmat,  lij  tt'o/d ; 
(promise),  J^^  u?a^. 

Faithful  (orthodox),  ^^y^  mUmin; 
(honest,  true,  loyal),  JfjLo  addik, 
tXASjL^  mu^madf  ^j^\  amln.  The 
faithful  professors  of  the  Muhammadan 
religion,  ^j^^aLmaW  al  mtuUmln* 

Faithfully  (honestly,  truly,  loyally),  JG 
^Ij  J  hikol  dayydfMt,  L*\h>^\  (J^  hikd 
UtikdmaL 

Faithfulness,  JDUf  amdnat. 

Faithless  (unbelieving),  ^0  ^IL*  mdlaho 

dayn,  ^Uj^  h  htld  irndn,  Jl^  i^/fr. 
Faithlessness,  ^UjHI  ASc^^adamalimdn. 

Falchion,  «•  u-s^  foy/.     See  Sword. 
Falcon,  «.j\j  ^as.     A  large  royal  falcon, 
^j^JbLl  «^^Ifi  (pi.  ^^^1^  shawdhln). 

Falconer,  «.  ^^;;J^^^  lt^/^  murabhl  iha- 

tpdhln. 
Fall,  v.  ]aLa  aakat,  «Jj  waka^     To  fall 

away  (grow  lean),  ^.jr.,^  d$^f\  (to 
revolt),  ^<'<A^  ^M^)  (to  apostatize),  SjJ^ 

artad ;  (to  perish),  {1J\a  hdek.  To 
fall  down  (in  adoration),  J^  8ajad\ 
(to  slip  or  tumble  down),  ^J  %alak. 
To  fall  in  (coincide),  ^jSuS  tttafak,  fjs\^ 
wdfak;  (to  comply  with),  ^j  radi» 


To  fall  off  (separate,  be  broken),  ^Lsaj^ 
mkata^.  To  fall  on  (to  begin  eagerly  to 
dottnjihing),\sx)\fbiadd;  (to aaBanlt), 
aje^  hafam;  (to  happen,  befial),j«Xtf 
8adar;  (attempt),  ^^yus  9e^,  JuoS  iM«L 
To  fall  or  drop,  Lai^  M^f ,  ^^  u^db^. 
To  fall  (yean  or  bring  forth  young), 
d^  jJ^  trnddat  To  fall  from  a  high  to 
a  low  station,  Jjiul  in^asuL     To  M 

in  love,  ^}m*£.  ^hek.     To  fall  into  an 

error  (in  writing  or  speaking),  kLc  /A#- 

fo/.    And  when  the  paper  fell  from  her  he^d. 
Lady  Dunya  sawit,  andaaid,  What  is  this  paper  r 

Fall, «.  t^Lrf  sukui;  (ruin),  S-^^/^  ^^' 
rdh,c)ij^  haldk;  (diminution), 
naki ;  (declivity), j^J^  hadur;  (a 
cade),  JlLl  BhaUdl, 

Falling,  part  ^fj  trdK^,  SaSL*  tdliif. 
The  falling  sickness,  laSUI  i^;^^  muKrai 
assdkit. 

Fallacious,  jjjj**  muzawwir. 

Fallaciously,  aJljw  Jilj  ^1^^  M2a<. 

Fallaciousness  (fallacy),  <lL».  A?i!fff. 

Fallibility,  LUl  ^IC«1  trnj^an  ol  yJUZs/. 

Fallible,  Uji\  ^z^  taht  id  ghaUt,  JjU 

yji!^  kdhtl  at  ghalat. 
False  (not  true),  c—^jl^  kd%ib,j^J^  mu- 

zawwar.     False  testimony,  ^jij  f  jl^ 

ihahddat  stir.     A  false  report,   ^J^- 
c^j's^  nai^/  ildsi3.     A  false  reporter, 
S-'^ol^  JiU  ndkU  kd%tb.     A  false  syl- 
logism, (^  J^^  (^^  ^y^'  iast^. 
Falsehood,  falseness,  falsity,  ^A«&^t  ^  j^ 

^dam  al  haklkat,  l^\^  kith,  jimj^ 

iattwir,  jUj  na/dk.     Hear  my  atorr, 

and  understand  my  words,  and  mr  Teracitj  viH 
become  etident  to  thee;  for  nladtoodf  la  « 


FAM 


(651) 


FAN 


characteriotic  of  hypocrites,  ^A-^  ^*>^\ 

Falsely,  jjjjJb  ftilrtr,  ^}>^  j^J  ^^^  mm 

<^a»  Aai.     To  accuse  falaely, jjjJb  ^f^ 
taham  hil%tLr, 
Falsification,  JuU?  tMld,  Jsj  taghal, 

^jl^  ^asiffZr.      See  Counterfeit,  Con- 
futation. 
Falsified,  jj[j^  tnmawwar.  [shayi. 

Falsifier,  ^'j^j^  tntaEowwir,  ic^j  »»■ 
Falsify,  9,  ^^  ghash^j^j  %awwar. 

Falter,  v.     See  Hesitate,  Stammer* 
Fame,    ij^    shuhrat,  j\pJ^\   ishiihdr, 

y>:u^^  tatf  J-j/#c>-^J  zikr Jamil;  (re- 
port), j*:^'  khahar.     My  handwriting 


surpasied  in  beauty  that  of  the  best  scribes ;  my 
fame  spread  in  all  conntrles,  and  I  had  great 

reputation  among  all  kings,  ^J^^  ^jf^^ 

Famed,  ji^f^  nuuhhvLr* 

Familiar  (domestic),  ^lj  haytt,  iSyti 

haytutt ;  (intimate),  <wdJ'l:L^  tnutaalif; 

(affable),  aA>>  hahm;  (accustomed). 

Familiar,  8.  (acquaintance),  c^^^^-li^  id- 
hib.  To  render  familiar,  i,^.^.^*^^\^sdhab. 
To  be  familiar  or  intimate,  i.,^^s^^\^ 
tasdhab. 

Familiarity  (intimacy),  isi\  idfittf  ^jmJ\ 
itu,  <U>-Lx<«  musdhdbatf  <UJl^  muwd- 

fuuat,  ijJiAx^  mu^sharat. 
Familiarize,!?,  (render  easy),  Jy&  ^tcwad. 
Familiarized,  i^^y$  muaUaf. 
Familiarly     (unceremoniously),     /» 

b—flJicil  ^adam  attaklif. 


Family,  t.  (those  who  live  under  the  same 
roof),  L::^.iJl  Jjbl  ahl  Magt,  JLc 
^dl;  (those  who  descend  from  one 
common  ancestor),  fJJ\  ad,  k^^m)  na^ 
Bah,  JimJ  ium/« 

Famine,ixs^  kalU,  c  ^/A^*  Famine  and 
pestilence,  ^^U?^  ^i^  kaht  watd^ikn. 

Famish,  r.  (kill  with  hunger),  f  ^^ 
jawwa^;  (to  die  of  hunger),  ^^  CuL* 

Famishment,  9  ^>^  j^^  «^^£sr  tajwl^. 

Famous,j^fuA^  nuMA-Atcr,  uJ«*a^  ma^rBf* 
Famously,  ji^flk^^c  yj  di  naw^n  mash' 

hur,  ij^  JXj  ^t^0/  shruhat      [wih)» 

**  •  * 

Fan, «. <^^j/^  in«r«?aAa^  (pi.  ^^y«  f^Mra- 

Fan,  9.  dL^j^u  ^^  hatowa*  hU  marwa" 

hat.  And  I  ordered  two  maids  to  sit,  one  at  mj 
head,  the  second  (the  other)  at  my  feet,  to 

fan  me,  ,^J^  ^\  ^j^t^J^  ^j^S 

*^lt^\  J  ^^  c;f-*  **^!^  ^tJ^ 

Fanciful,  (imaginative),  (Jt^sO^   muta- 

hhayyil,  jyaB>.f%    mutasawunr,    ^J^^- 

hhiydh. 
Fancifully,  iJl-^^?y»J  hi  naw^n  khi- 

ydll,  ^^4Jb^  i^^  ^*  wojhin  wahml, 
Fancifuli\ess,^jJ^«*c  ^  ^^j^f^fikr 

wa  rdy  min  ghayr  tadhlr,  JLsL  khaydl. 
Fancy  (imagination),  JLr*-  khaydl,  ^J,^^ 

takhayyul,  ^j  toahm,  ^Jsy  tawahhum, 

jyoj  tasawwur;  (conception,  opinion, 
thought),  JJjikr,  ^  %ann;  (caprice), 

Jff\:>^khdtfr,  Jiic  ^akl;    (inclination, 

liking),  J^  Moyl.  The  power  of  fabcy, 

JLsrl  i^  k&wat  al  khaydl.     Fancies, 

izJLjs^takhayyaldt,  C^*iUr^  khaydldt. 

Fancy,  v,  (imagine),  ^y  tatDahham,  ^ 

9ann,jya)  tasawwar. 


FAB 


(652) 


FAB 


Fane,  «.  Jua^  ma^ad.     See  Temple. 

Fanfaron.     See  Bally. 

Fanfaronade.     See  Blaster. 

Fantasm,  s,  JU^  khayal.  See  Phantom. 

Fantastical,  fmtastic,  ^Jt^i^t*  mutakh' 
khayyil,  [wahml. 

Fantasticalljy    t^^^   ^^.    ^*    wapiin 

Fantasticalness.  See  Caprice,  Fancifal- 
ness. 

Fantasy.     See  Fancy,  Idea,  Imagination. 

"Fax,  JuM  hacid.  To  remove  far  off  Jju 
ha^^.  To  be  far  off,  Juu  ha^ad. 
Not  far  off,  iXMj^ghayr  ha^d.  From 
afar,  Ju«j  ^^  min  laiid.     Far  more, 

Ulc  ghaUban,     And  I  said,  Not  every 

time  does  the  jar  escape  unbroken.  This  time 
far  from  me  is  the  prospect  of  my  finding 
him  who  will  oonTcy  me  to  inhabited  lands, 

Farce,  farcical.     See  Comedy,  Comical. 
Fare,  v.  (feed),  vtL  ta^m. 

Fare  (food),  LZJy  kut,  J$\  akl  Scanty 
fare  (jast  enoagh  to  preserve  life), 
CJyjH  iZJy  hut  Id  ifamat.  A  fare 
(for  crossing  a  river,  etc.),j^-jJl  -.b  hdj 
al  ^ur. 

Farewell,  tJj^U.  Viatrak.     To  bid  fare- 

well,  ^J^  iffodda^f  (leave  to  depart), 

^^4>j  wadd^f  t^.*^y  ^*^^t'     ^^  ^91^ 

flowed,  on  the  day  of  separationi  like  pearls, 
and  I  made  of  them  as  it  were  a  necklace.  The 
Camel-driver  nrged  on  the  beasts  with  singing, 
and  I  found  not  strength  nor  patience,  nor  was 
my  heart  within  me.  I  bade  them  farewell ; 
then  retired  in  grief,  and  quitted  the  society  of 
the  places  I  frequented.  I  returned  yrithout 
knowing  my  own  way ;  and  my  soul  was  not 
comforted,  save  byhopin?  to  return  and  to  see 
thee  again.  0  my  friend,  listen  to  the  words 
of  loTe !  God  forbid  that  I  should  speak,  and 
thy  heart  should  not  remember !  0  my  soul, 
----  thou  partest  with  them,  part  also  with 
>ht  of  life,  and  wish  not  to  live  anymore ! 


i^   9 


Jil« 


>y  •  jjjSljo  AfeU^  (^\  i^J. 
j^^j^SUJ^Jjir^^L^^.  Bidding 


tiiee  fiurewell  is  like  bidding  life  farewdl ;  ai. 
the  loes  of  thee  is  like  the  io8B  of  the  zq}hTT. 
Thine  absence  is  like  a  fire  that  bumeth  et 
heart,  and  in  thy  presence  I  enjoy  the  Gardes 

of  Delight!  *Jj-Jl  ^Jj  J2^  tli^b. 


C/^J 


\   Ji3 


-♦/': 


*  A-ocil.  When  they  made  their  white 

camels  kneel  down,  near  daybreak,  and  tber 
mounted,  and  the  camel  departed  with  my  W> 
loTed.  My  ^e,  through  the  interstioe  of  tb' 
prison,  beheld  them,  and  I  said,  in  my  an|riush. 
with  tears  overfiowing,  Camel-drirer,  tnra^tba: 
I  may  bid  her  farewell^  for  in  parting,  and  ii 
bidding  her  farewell  I  shall  die.  I  am  faitfe- 
fnl  to  the  TOW  of  loye,  and  hare  not  broken  it. 
Would  that  I  knew  how  she  has  acted  wid 

regard  to  it !  .^^t  J^  \yS.\j\  U 

*  jj^^  c/^v  ^J^  SfOj  *  f^*^ 

^^\^\i  *  Jm^  t^*>l'^  ^5^JJ  ^^ 
J  A«(J1  J*  JU  4>r)H  Ifw  jy  ^j 

CJijJ   !,<?/«-&  UuJU  ♦  V*3^  j>iA-*' 

Farm,  «.  ^jj^  wuura^. 

Farm,  «.  (let  a  farm),^<  ijfVir;  (to  take 
or  hire  a  form),  j>-\^  ittdfar;  (to 
cnltivate  the  groand),  ^/ak^  ^ 


PAS 


(653) 


FAT 


Farmer,  «.  (one  who  rents  lands,  etc.), 
yS>-*liM*^  mustafir;  (bosbandman),  Jis 

faUdh.    A  farmer  of  tolls,  etc.,  ^^^ 

nuiltazm, 
Famess,  M  ha^.    See  Distance. 
Farrier,  «.  (a  borse  doctor),  jlk*j  hltdr. 
Farrow,  y^y^  khannUs.     See  Pig. 
Fart,  s.  iiffj^  darta. 
Fart,  r.  l?^  daraL 
Farther,  further,  J^l  ah^. 
Farther,  v.      See  Advance,   Facilitate, 

Promote.  Pmotion. 

Fartherance.    See  Enconragement,  Pro- 
Farthermore,  further,  IjlsU  ma  ^add. 
Farthermost  (most  distant),  dJiA  ah^ad. 
Farthest,  Juul  ah^. 
Fascinate,  r.  jsr*  aahar,  JJjJl  t^J.,.^ 

«£(/a&  a/  ^akl. 

Fascination,  ^^«-»  sihr.    In  his  look  was 

such  a  fascination,  that  had  Harat  seen  his 
performance,  he  might  hare  looked  npon  him 

s 

as  the  master  of  fascination,  ^^r>  ^  Joj 

Fascinated,^^^:***^  fMshUr,  ^fJu%  maftHn. 

Fascinatbg,  adf.  ^^fattdn.  A  fasci- 
nator, ^j^i^  muftin. 

Fashion,  (form),  ^^j  nay,  m^j  rasm; 
(custom),  ij\£.  ^dat  A  fashion  of 
dress,  iy*^  kuswat^  *4m^  koiem,  ^J 
zay ;  (rank),  ifjj^  martabai. 

Fashion,  v,  /^JjJb  handam,  «Jwtf  zana^ 
f^Ax,  ^mal,  ^^j waddah,  Ja3  nazam, 
Jij  Myyan. 

Fashionable  (established  by  mode  or 
custom),  ioj  ^U?  tala^tayyoKo, (JJ^y 
if  jU!^  muwdfik  al  ^ddat.  To  become 
fuhionable,  ^y^j[00  adr  kdnun, 

Fasbionableness,  i»\Jef  tardfat.  See 
Elegance.  [tar\f. 

Fashionably,    *^J&  ^^    H  wafhin 


Fashioned,  ft^,;.^„>t  masnH^,  ^^.^uu^ 

ma^mUl, 
Fast,  t^.  ^Ltf  8dm. 
Fast,  $.  ^ya  Mwm. 

Fast  (firm,  fixed,  immovable),  Ita^mm 
madhat,  ^U  mdism,  vjl^U  idbit; 
(swift,   quick),    jj^  wrf^,   Jy***^ 

miMTfc. 

Fasten  or  make  fast,  v.  ^y  kawwa\ 
^^^  makkan;  (to  cement,  conjoin), 
J^  lasak.  l^ji^  makln. 

Fastened,  4/^  mukawwa*,  ^^U  mdkin, 

Fastidious  (disdainful),  yLscUuM«  mtutah- 
k%r,jSz>^  mutkabhir. 

Fastidiously^  \jf^\i  hi  istikuin,  Sj  U!  J^ 
bikol  ihdnat,  j\assxJj  hi  istihkdr. 

Fasting,  ».  j^yp  iawm»     See  Fast. 

Fastness,  ^1^  kardr,  C1.>Uj  $ahdt;  (secu- 
"^y)»  c^^'  amdn;  (a  strong  place), 
(jyflj*.  J.^^  mahM  haein. 

Fat,  fl«^'.  y;*4--»  «amln;  (greasy,  oily), 
^Ju«  mudhin,  ^;«JbJ  ^t^Ift.  Fat  and 
lean,  gjjb^  <CJh J  (^Afi^  tea  ^^0.  Eat 
meat,  ^LJb  Ju*  ^^^^  ^Am^  mudhind. 

Fat,  v.  ^^^  Mmmon.     See  Fatten. 

Fat,  #.  ^J  duhn.  The  fat  on  broth, 
etc.,  ijj^\  ^jlbj  dahhan  al  marakah. 

Fatal  (deadly),  C^  muhlik,  JtU 
kdiilf  u:u.--«^  mumlt;  (inevitable, 
destined),  i^j^fi^  mahtUm,  j*xL*  mu- 
kaddar.  [takdlr. 

Fatality,    fatalness,    LaS    kadd,     jj£) 

FaUlly  (by  the  decree  of  fate),  y.jijlj 
ii^  takdtr,  jJA^  ^y  hi  tcajhin  mu^ 
kaddar;  (mortally,destructively),''lil^ 
muhlikan,   )LjiU  kdtilan. 

Fate,  Ui  kadd,j^j3j  takdlr  (pl.^jU; 
takddtr),  L^mJ  kuMtat,  vJU?  ^d/A  • 
(death),  ti^^  mau^^.  "We  were  j- 


■**    -. 


y 


*/ 


y 


9  ^        ^  ^ 


f 

r 


/ 

'    t 


y 


/'y. 


/  /"'  -'-' 


•■I 


V* 


/ '/    x'  y 


/  '  ,^ 


}  {i\,,  -•a.  ^    s. 


/ 


I 


^  'rf    ,   t  ^f     ,, 

...il.il,  III  i„i.f     -I     "    '       " 


S? 


FAY 


(6o5) 


PEA 


Satigae,  v.  u>^t7  ia^^,  i^^n^A  iU^. 

.''atigae,  u,.^w7  ^a^a&,  J^  ioJ.     For  I 

attained  not  this  prosperity  and  this  place  save 
after  seyere  fatigue  and  great  tronble  and  many 

terron,  if jUJ\  ^ jjb  ^\  ijiJu^jU  ^Jli 
iiJ^^  JjjJi  S*^  *^  ^^  c;^^  ^«^^ 

j'atigaingy  j^or^.  c^^^jc^  mut^h,  y^^^^^y 
v_  -•"-^^  mO/Vd  attach. 

To  be  fatigued,  U;-^  ^^«&.    A  mind 
fatigaed  and  full  of  cares,  L^yc^^  Jb 
^Kilb  Jy^i^  3d/  mat^h  tea  nuuhghul 
hil  ifhar. 
Fatness,  ^^j^^  iumn. 

Fatted,  ,j^kwM^miMaMmAn,uJjLK^  madnf. 
Fatten,  9.  (make  fat),  ^j^^>^  samman\  to 

be  or  become  fat,  ^^jA^  ietnen. 
Fattened,  ,^^^iwm^  mmamman. 
Fatuous.    See  Foolish,  Stupid,  Impotent. 
Fault,  f.  c,>*jr  ^a^5,  Uarw  khatd,  j^^,aA) 

takslr,  Llx  ghalatfjy>ati  kusur,^^  sahn, 

LLj  m^^  OJ  £a/?a^,  ^Li  kah&hat; 

1^^  J  san3,  S^AJb  hafwat,  ^.\i\  f.  ghdltat\ 

(defect),    (^^fdi&3    na^,   ^l<^  nti^an, 
t_  -j^  ^tfyi.     And  our  fire  is  never 

extinguished  from  the  wayfarer  by  night ;  nor 
do  any  of  the  guests  who  come  to  us  hnd  fault 


with  us,  j;lt  jji^ J  U  jU  cu  jb4c;.\  U^ 

Faultily,  v.^  jk^  ^  c  ^  &t  itatc^^m  mtamih, 

L^MdAJi  iahHran. 
Faultzness,  c^*^  ^a^^i  Ua^  JbAa^d. 
Faultless,   ILrw^^    highayr  khaid,   h 

Faulty,  L^J^  mtanti,  ap^^J  sdmfm. 
Fayour,  t— dUl  /«(/*,  Jul:^  ^tnaya^,  JuJb  Aim- 
ma^;  (benefit),  ^liu\  tit^dmi  ^^L«»-1 

%h»dnf  <Uju  »t^f»a^.   Favours,  d^ULLf 


ialaitu/Eti,  uJlkc\  «^^/,  ujiL|^  ^airA- 
tiff  j^AJb  hamam,  /^j^^  matdrtm;  (vin- 
dication), jix'  ^uxr,  jljcxt  i^uUtf, 
By  favour,  ^l^  hi^ndyat.     By  the 

favour  of  God,  ^J^  s^M  ^  ^^  ^*t** 
ndyatal  ftdrf  ta^la\  To  curry  favour, 

cjilajcutil  iita^f*     She  said,  0  my 

Lord  and  Master,  is  the  recompense  of  benefi- 
cence aught  but  beneficence?  Thou  hast 
treated  me  with  beneficence,  and  bestowed  upon 

me  great  favours !  *  i/«X^^  li^JLaJ 

Favour,  v.  ^UU^dn,  J^LkS^oJ,  ^^^m^^-I 
_)1  aA«aii  1^'. 

Favourable  (kind),  ^*^*^  tayyib.  See 
Slind.  (Propitious),  JyuMu*  m<w^ui^, 
Jjum^  mtM^o^,  (ji^y  muwdjik,  ^j^Jf^ 
mu^n*  A  favourable  wind,  (JJ^y  ^^ 
hawd  muwdjik.  [^Ui^  ihafakat. 

Favourableness,  z*^  karam,  ajlj  rd/a^. 

Favourably,  ^V»l  J-ij  J«^o/  /«(/",  JJj 
iij^Lyu*  hikol  mtudc^adat 

Favoured,  ^y  muwaffak,  JlcLu^  mtMd- 

^.    Ill-favoured,^^lai^l  ^^  ^arlAa/ 

manur.  "Well-favouredly,  J*-*5j-  ^^ 

5i  wajhinjamlL    lU-favouredly,  ^y 

^•il/«  5>  wajhin  makrHh. 
Favourer,  fautor,  «.  tXc\*u^  mu%d^. 
Favourite,  f .  t^^'v-La^  mtwdAf^.  A  royal 

favourite,  <.lj3^1  ajJJ  nadlmulmdUk, 

Fawn,  «.  (young  deer),  Jl^  yhatdl. 
Fawn,  v.  (court  servilely),  ^-L^jJubJ 

Fear,  cJ^  AAtft^  <Ua*£w  khashiyat. 
The  fear  of  God,  i^^  takwc^,  c  j» 
trara^,  41^  <U>lu-v.  khaahtyat  aHah. 


FEA 


(636) 


FEE 


Fear,  «.  uJU>-  }Lhaf\  (to  make  afraid), 

uJ^  "khavDwaf.     Thoa  knowest  that 

m^  father  is  a  great  Kinff,  and  that  all  the 
Kings  of  the  Jan  are  terrified  at  bim,  and  fear 


his  awful  power !  ^  ^j^jju  y^i,,^  i^ 

Those  serpents  go  ont  in  the  nighty  and  hide 
themsehes  in  the  day,  fearing  lest  the  mkh  and 

the  vulture  should  carry  them  off,  ^l^^J^ 

And  those  who  practise  it  are  the  strongest 
tribe :  they  are  the  happiest  of  their  gene- 
ration ;  the  touch  of  oppression  affects  them 
not,  and  the  drawing  of  the  swords  dis- 
qniets  them  not;  they  fear  not  the  sting 
of  the  most  envenomea  foe ;  they  own  sub- 
mission to  none,  afar  off  or  near ;  they  are 
not  afraid  of  thunder  and  lightning,  nor  care 
for  the  wrath  of  those  who  rise  up  and  sit  down, 

Fearful,  i^lfi>-  Tih&y%f\  (awful),  uJ^ier^ 

mvkhawtoif. 
Fearfully  (timorously),  uJ^  JXj  hikol 

khawf;  (awfully),<LM;b  Jjo  hikolhayhat, 
Fearf ulness,  <UJb  hayhat. 
Fearless,  uJUk:!  la  yakhaf.        [khawf. 
Fearlessly,    uJ«£^  j^  ^^   min  ghayr 
Fearlessness,  uJ^I  f^Se.  ^adamal khawf. 

Feasible.     See  Practicable,  Plausible. 

Feast,  t.  (great  entertainment) ,  ii\^  di- 
yd/at;  (holiday),  Juc  ^d.  To  make 
a  feast  (entertain  sumptuously),  J.4X 
^Ui  ^anuU diydfat,  djuJ  ^J^  sawtoa* 
diydfat.  [^ama/  addiyOfaU 

Feaster,  «.  (entertainer),  ^LoaSl  J^U 

Feat,  B,  Jji  ghasid.  See  Action,  Deed, 
T^-ploit,  Trick. 


Feat.     See  Neat,  Nice,  SkilfuL 
Feather,  <.££j  ^  tUhal  (pL  d^llj  j  rUiai 
and  (^j  rUh).     The  long  feathers  in 
the  wing,  ^^^^  \J»ij  rUA  mjjamOk. 
Feathered  (covered  with  feathers),  ^ 

Featly.     See  Neatly. 
Featness.     See  Dexterity. 
Feature,  ^j  wajhjjoi^  manmar. 
February,  l^l^  iuhdL  [cremau 

Feces,  feculence.     See  Dregs,  Lees,  Ex- 
Fecundity.     See  Fruitfulnesa. 
'  Fed,  uJiju%  ma^Hf. 
Federal,  ^J<a2*\  Uiihadi, 
Fee,  *.  (reward),  jjj-^  ajr,  ^-?1y  tawdh. 
The  fee  to  a  judge  for  deciding  a  parti- 
tion of  inheritance,  <i4iMi5l\  ^^j  ratmii 

hiifnaU  A  brokePs  fee,  ISi^  dHalst 
Fee  of  office,  i«^M^  rusnm. 

Feeble,  i— L^iup  da^f/(pl.  \sjt^  ^^i^]' 
^>mJusgr  nahlf.  To  make  feeble,  wJai 
da^^df.  To  be  or  become  feeble,  ^»U 
^Qjii.n  tdr  da^f. 

Feebleness,  Ijsf  ^9<0s,  catur  du^,  aS^ 
i^\  ^am  al  k^wtU. 

Feebly,  lm^  JL  hikd  du^. 

Feed,  r.  (supply  with  food),  Mfio\  at^\ 

(to  take  food),  ^^\  akal;  (to  pasture'. 
^g£^j  ra^a*.    To  feed  cattle  on  hay  0r 

grass,  i^JLc  ^alaf.    There  is  in  certain 

of  the  islands  a  bird  of  enormous  aize  ealltd 
the  rukhf  that  feedeth  its  young  ones  witk 

elephante,  ^  \^  jj\)^\  ^^^  ^ 

Feeder,  ».  (giver  of  food),  ^^xla^  mui^m. 
Feel,  9.  (touch),  ^^«m«]  lanuu,  ^ym»-  ksi. 

To  perceive,  C/^jl  adrak.  To  feel  (to 
have  sensibility,  to  be  gentle,  mere:- 
M),  ^j  raham,  ^^jiJ^  Aa/^  i^U- 


PEL 


(657) 


FEN 


Feel  (feeling,  touch),  ^jujili  lamt.    The 

power  of  feeling,  Xm^UI  iy^\  dl  kn- 
wai  al  Idmisat, 
Peeling  (perception),  cJtjjf  uhrdk,  m^ 
fahm,  (^^^a*»-  has;  (sendbilitj,  tender- 

nees),  ^U>y  rahnuU,  ^mJ^  shafakat 
Feet  (pi.  of  foot),  JSi\  akddm. 

Feign,  v.  (dissemble),  ^l>-  Jas-  ^mal 
hdlahom  To  feign  ignorance,  4!U«  ^J.^^ 
JjhU^  ^anud  hdhho  jdhH;  (make  a 
false  show  of),  j^\  mhar. 

Feigned,  a!1>-  J^lc  ^dmtl  hdlaho.  To 
feign  sickness,  ^j^j^  ^^  J-^^c  ^nuU 
hdldho  marid, 

Feignedly,  U;^  «ilra^. 

Feigner,  «.  jj^y«  mutawmr,  a!1»>  ^U 
^dfnt7  hdldho*  ^hy^  9iirat, 

Feint,  «.  (false  appearance),  XJu>-  Al^s^, 

Felicitate,  r.  cl/ib  3drai&,  .  ^  hanna\ 

Felicitation,    o  fLw«    muhdraiat,   Lsuj 

Felicity,  if  jUms  sa^dat,  Jju«  M^if,  (j:^o^ 
^aM4,  Jlit  i^d/.     Eternal  felicity, 

ib  Jj1I\  ifjUMJt  asM^ddat  al  dbadiyai. 

And  they  began  praying  to  hearen  for  the 
continnance  of  hiB  glory  and  prosperity,  and 

felicity  and  honour,  i^  ij^*H  bj^^ 

Fell  (cruel,  etc.),  ^^  kdsl,  J  1)3  tdlim. 

Pell,  s.  jJl9-  jiTi^.  A  fell-monger,  &Lj 
jJif^  hayyd^jild. 

Fell,  1^.  (cut  down),  ^laS  ibto^.  A 
feller,  ^U  ^d^t^. 

felloe,  «.  (circumference  of  a  wheel), 
(^j^j^l^l J  ddyir  addiUdh, 

r'ellow,  i.  (companion),  (j^jraflh.  N.B. 
Fellow,  in  composition,  is  generally 
expressed  by  jui;  raflk^  as — ^A  fellow 
traveller,  jLJ\  J^  raflk  OHafa/r.    A 


fellow    student,   (jM^jJt  j;^3^   raflk 

addari. 
Fellow,  V,  'T^'^jiJ^  (t^y  toaffakhum  a/xwdj. 
Fellowship    (equality),    if^^L^    mtud- 

wdt\  (companionship),  4^1^  shardkatf 


itti/dk,  imj\y  muwdnasat. 
Felo-de-se,  AmaaJ  JjU  i^M  »q/lia^. 
Felon,  »»  (*r?^  mfffrim. 
Felonious  (wicked,  etc.),^^  tharrir. 
Feloniously,  s^jS^^^  hiwajhin  mujrim. 

Felony,  M^nr  llas^-  khatd  ^Im^jJ^  jLJ 

foidd  kabir. 
Felt  {part  of  feel),  ^j^ymA^  mam9H9, 
Felt  (cloth),  jU  ^idi;  (skin),  jdj>- 

jild;  (perceived),  {j^yMs:^  mah»iU, 
Felucca,  %.  (small  ship),  ^^  felakka. 
Female  (opposed  to  male),  ^^\  ufua\ 

A  female  (of  the    human  species), 

i\yt\  amraat, 
Femme  covert,  t.  ^3/*  ^  mora  mtf- 

tawwajL    A  femme  sole,  X^  l:uoj  hint 

bikr. 
Feminine    (soft,    tender),   ^U   nd^tm. 

Feminine  (in  grammar),  L^y  mu- 

*0iin4W.   The  feminine  gender,  ciwlaH 

attdnU.  [Marsh,  Bog. 

Fen,  a.  l«  <.fl;r>M«.<  tmutanki^  md.     See 

Fence  (guard,  protection),  f^U^^-  himd' 
yat,  &Im0  tiydnai,  laA»>  Ao^.  Defence 
(an  enclosure),  ^U.1  thdtat,  iUailsr^ 
mithd/aMt.  A  fence  or  lattice  work, 
^^J^\jJ  dardHun. 

Fence,  v.  ^JLc  ^l»-  Adma'  ca^'.  See 
Defend.     To  enclose,  ^\s>^\  ahdt. 

Fenced  (defended),  y^js:^  mahrUSf 
i^^A^^  mahfilz ;  (enclosed),  tlsr«  m«* 
hdi,  ^jy4J^  mathmuL 

Fencer,  «.  (swordsman),  <»J  w  M/yydf. 

42 


PER 


(658) 


HD 


Fencible,   ij\^\  ^jL^  mumhtn  aasa- 

ydnatf  ^^'^^^  yunhama\ 

*» 

Eend,  v.   See  Defend,  Keep  &S,  Exolade. 
Fennel,  iytJ^  ahumrat    Hog's  fiBnnel, 

j^lj^jykr  hakhur  fnarlam. 
Feod,  feud,   «.  (land  held  by  military 

tenQre),^ul9lA^mtfJ^^^a,£ui33  hatl^t. 
Feodal  or  feudal  lord,  feodary  or  feoda- 

tory,  «.  ^a^lL«  mvMti^. 

Ferment,  v.  (be  in  agitation),  ^\jb  hdj; 

(as  liquors),   y43^\    ikhtamar;    (to 

leaven),  ^^^c^l  ikhtamar ^  jASjssT  ii:^ 

hhaM&h  yahhtam%r\  (to  be  fermented), 
jAS>^\  ikhtamar. 
Ferment,   ir;:^^£>-    khamlrat;   (intestine 

commotion),  ^lisnjb  hayaj&n. 
Fermentable,  ^-la^  yakhtamir. 
Fermentation  (of  wine,   etc.),  j\a:xs>-\ 

ikhtimdr;  (leavening),  ^^Mt^aT  takhmir. 
Fermentative,  yksr^  mukkammir. 
Ferocious,  ^J^*^^  wahshtf  JU0  %dlim. 
Ferocity,  <Uu*>-j  wahhiyai, 
Ferreous,  ferruginous  (composed  of  iron), 

(^JjJk>^  hadidl.  [out. 

Ferret,  v.    See  Discover,  Drive  or  Hunt 
Ferrule,   «.   (of  a  cane,  sword-sbeatb, 

etc.),  *^^  {j**;^  talhls  hadld. 
Ferry,  v.  (cross  over  a  river,  etc.),  ^iaS 

j^  kata^  nahr. 
Ferry,  s.jfM^  ma^ar  (pl,^lju»  ma^ditr), 

^loiU  makta^  (pi.  ^liU  «iuii^^«^). 

The  fare  for  crossing  a  ferry,  jj^^  ^b 

id;  al  ^Hr. 
Fertile,  c^>.^>dr;^  ^^Mfi,  fjL-^s^x^  munbit. 
Fertilenese,  fertility,  1^  ^>rtS>  i^Aaai. 
Fertilise,  v.  \^^»nr^\  akhsah. 
Fervency, fervour,  if^Uk>-  ham&wat,  ij^j>^ 

hardrat,  [sdhib  yhlrut. 

Fervent,  fervid,  jU.  hdr,  i^  u,.^>>U 


Fervently,  J;!^  J^  MM  hmr&roL 
Festival,  9.  J^  ^  (pi.  ^^L^f  «t9<s<' 

The  festival  of  Easter,^;^)  «^  p^ 

alkahfr.   ,y^\^\  J^  ^idal/mk 

ci  majid^ 
Festival  (peitaini9g  to  feaats),  4/*^ 

^a.       Festival^    festive,     featzvosa^ 

Festivity,  -^  ft^oA^  j^j^  Mmnir,  tllj 
noihdt.  [/>^* 

Fetch,  V.  (go  and  bring),  c-'lsj-  ^J;  ri^ 
Fetch,  «.  JUu:»-  M/a^. 
Fetid,  f^^M,^  muta^affin. 
Fetidness,  ij^  ^fsunat. 
Fetter,  fetters,  «.  «xJ  kayd. 
Fetus.     See  Fcstus. 
Feud,  quarrel,  contention.     See  Feod. 
Feudal,  feduatory.     See  Feodal^  etc. 

Fever,  «.  U>-  hummd  or  ^^'«'>-  humm- 
The  cold  fit  of  a  fever  or  ague,  ^«^' 
o^tfT  ^tf.  A  malignant  fever,  ^<4k> 
^Li^^E^   iliimina'  mn^rda.      To  fefv 

(catch  a  fever),  ,<^lj  ^j  «Mla^  K' 

hiumma  • 
Feverish,  feverous,  |*y«^^^  iwtfibwfijM- 
Few,  JJi  ib/lJ. 
Fewel  or  fuel,  Jy^  t^tuf. 

Fewness,  JLli  M/<i^. 

Fib,  ^y^  larl^ke  (vulg.).     See  lie. 

Falsehood.   To  Fib.    See  Lie. 
Fibre,  b.  ZU  llfat. 

Fickle,  ^^\  L»Ji2^  mutakaUib  tstUk-^ 
Fickleness,  ^^\  l-^Ja?  takaUub  attah-^ 
Fiction,  jUr^  ijdd,  ^J^  ikkiird^. 
Fictitious,  i/»3uiij  tMldit  i^^'^^ ^omI 
Fictitiously,  j£j2J-^  hi  Uunfflrvu 
Fiddle,  «.  (-jlfj  rihdh,  i.sf\j£  i«M4»> 
Fiddle  &ddle,  J^i  ^  shy  id  ymh^ 


FIQ 


(659) 


PIN 


Fidelity,  £t«t  amdnat,  Sj\xc  taddlat, 


Fidaciary,  fiducial,  «X4Sic^  mu^mad. 

Fief,  «•  ^UaS  ib^I^a^. 

Field,  ••  (indefinitely),  ^^«)u^  miAlfi, 
Lai  /add.  A  cnltivated  or  eown  field, 
^jj^  flMsra^a^«  A  barren  field,  i>jp^ 
jurd.  A  pasture  field,  ^^j^  mar^a\ 
To  challenge  to  the  field,  ^\  JuJJ  ^O 
da^  lA  vAdikn* 

Fierce,  ^U?!)!  L/^^  «AarM  dl  atbd^. 

Fiercely,  X«>|^  Jil^  Hhd  thardsat, 

Fieroeness,  eLDl^t^  9hardsaitd(Uhd^. 

Fierinefls,  ij^j^  hardrat. 

Fiery,  i^^U  ndrf. 

FifteeUy^uif  <Ufc.»rC  khamsat  ^ashar. 

Fifteenth,  ^^Ix^yMb^lcL  khdmii  ^har. 

Fifth,  ^^^Mu«lsL  khdm%9. 

Fifthly,  Luw«l>-  iE;AdmMan. 
Fiftieth,  ^^«m^«^  ^Aam«ilfi. 
Fifty,  ^jywfc^i/'w  J^nUin. 

Fig,  «.  iLj  ^fna^  (pL  ^  tin),'  A  fig^ 

tree,  ^^  {/^  9hajarat  tin. 
Fight,  r.  <-J>;U.  Afiro*,  JjU  kdtd. 

Fight, «.  c-^  ^irJj  Jlai  *tW/,  ijU-^ 

Fighter,  8.  jju^  mubdrh^  im^^^s^  «Hf- 
Figment,  «.     See  Fiction,  Invention. 
Figurablcyj  ^oil  \  ^^^^4^  mi«milm  attoiu^r* 
Figuratiye  (not  literal),  u^W*  m^'dtl. 

Figuratiyely,  \)^^  majdtan. 

Figure,  JCji  ihaU,  ijya  aUrat,  jiy^i 
ta9uflr\  (arrangement),  ii-^w^  tartlh, 
aI^I  inthdm;  (distinguiahed  iq^ear- 
ance),  i^Sfhardmat,  Jip^jatdl,  cJ^ 
iharaf.  A  figure  in  arithmetio,  *ij 
ro^m,  OJbC  ^adadfjLa  tijr.  A  geo- 
metrical figure,   JjJ^  jadwal  (pL 


jy  J^  jaildtM'/).    A  rhetorioal  figure, 

Jli^  mMd/,  iAi^  hmd^  (pi.  c;.;bU^ 

ibfidyd^).  A  parallel  figure,  jCl 
i^j^f-^  *^dU  mutawdtU  A  circular 
figure,  jj  J^AM^  JX^  «AaU  miM^lr. 
A  square  figure,  ^/J^  JCi*  «^A/ 
tarM^* 
Figure,  ••  Jil&  J^«^  ^mal  mAoU,  jy^ 

iotffwar.  To  figure  to  oneself,  j^ 
toiowwar.  To  figure  (in  painting,  em- 
broidery, etc.)»  (jSkAJ  naiash. 

Figured,  JLw^  mushakkalf  ^/tM^  imi- 
tiakkoihf  jy^^  mufouwar. 

Filbert,  «•  (nut),  ^JXJ  bunduk. 

Fibh,  V.     See  Pilfer,  Steal.  ' 

File,  8.  (for  polishing),  J^  mahrad*  A 
file  or  catalogue,^  J  daftar. 

File,  1?.  (metals,  etc.),  J^  5arai.  To  file 
papers,  JL0  MJto/. 

Filings,  if  j1^  harddtU, 

Filial,  (^yj  ^Miiri. 

Filiation,  i^  ^niM^a^ 

Fill,  r.  ^Jut  inaJa*,  ^X«  malU. 

Fill,  filling  up  (completing),  )b^!  mtild. 
Filled,  ^^^^  nM8hkan,^,A^  mumlHf 
JcL«M«  mumtali. 

Fillet,  «.  ^lof  ^Mddo^. 

Filly,  «•  /{^  ibfrra.         [jfU^o^  iiuM/iiA. 

Filter,  filtrate,  v.  _a^  «a^'.     A  filter, 

Filth,  filthiness,  LAofT  nafd8at,  ^^  wa- 

8akh, 
Fin,  f.  iJL^yJ\  ^l^fmdh  al  hut. 


Finable  (mulctable),  du.«  i^^  S^^!^ 

^\jC  wdjib  yaUas  minho  ghardma, 
Final,^^^T  d^Afr;  (condusiTe),  ^IS 

Finally,  ''t^.^t  tfi^fron. 
Finance,  iU U]\  0/  mdUffok.    A  financier, 
LlUlt  J^u?^  muha88il  d  mdliyat. 


FIN 


(660) 


FIB 


Find,  V.  ii»-j  wajad;  (to  perceire),  CSjC^ 
adrakfjaj  na%ar ;  (to  acquire),  Ji^i^^- 
hassal.  To  find  a  yerdict,  aCs)1  j  Juel 
asdar  al  hukm.     To  find  out, 


\ 

ahdaSf  (Aarl  ayjad.  To  find  difficulties, 
to  be  averse,  jLu  ta^aUal. 

Pinder,  s.  »X5>-\j  wdjid. 

Fine  (not  coarse),  wJj  fti/^^,  ax13 
na^tm;  (free  from  dregs,  dross,  etc.), 
^U-  khdlis;  (elegant),  ^^J^^  latlf^ 
(Sa^^  jamll;  (thin,  transparent), 
<^ll^  ahaffaf;  (small,  subtile),  fjJj 
dakik,  fj^j  rakiJc\  (soft,  smooth),  J^^l 
asH.  Having  a  fine  edge,  ^>-J^j 
rahif\    (dexterous,   artful),    \^^'J^ 

(.J^*  tahib  tasarruf;    (fraudulent), 

j\tXe.  ffhadddr. 
Fine,  s,  ^UJj^-jarimat,  t^\ji>  gKar&mai, 

In  fine,  \jfp^\  akhlran. 
Fine,  v,  (take  a  fine),  Ajp^jaram, 

Fined,  /•y/s^  majrHm. 

Finely,  beautifully,  lilLI  J^  hikollata" 

Fineness,  ^jtMj>.  hun,  JU^yamS/. 

Finesse,  JLL^  Kilat. 

Finger, «.  ^*^\  (w&a^(pL  ^joLtfl  Md3l^). 
The  ring  finger,  ^.^  ^aiMNr  (pl.^ljj 
handsir).  The  little  finger,  ^>d.Vf;> 
Ihimer,  The  joint  of  a  finger,  etc., 
^..^ai^  mo/Ml/  (pi.  J^tfli^  ma/dsil). 

Finger,  v.  ^^^^  lamas,  iscJ  daghdagh\ 

(to  steal),  ^j^  Barak.  To  finger  a 
musical  instrument^  ^  J  (?a£. 

Finical  (effeminate),  jJcjU  mughandar; 
(nice),  J^Jy^  «iH/. 

Finically,  li^oi  &•  sord/lm. 

FinicalnesB,  AJ\Jio  tardfai. 

Finish,  t;.  ^  tamnum,  jfi>^  khaUm, 


^jo^  khaUas.  To  finifih  a  thing 
properly,  i^^rf2\^j^i\  maj  tammm 

al  amar  kamd  yajah. 
Finished,   ^1^    khdlU,   Aaj  tsmom. 

The  book  is  finished  (finis),  i^^\  f 
tarn  al  kitdh. 
Finisher,  «.  f^^c>^  nmtammim. 

Finite  (limited),  J^Jcsr^  mahdiid,  JAs:^ 

«• 
muhaddad,  JJ^^U  mutahaddad. 

Finiteness,  «\>-  kadd.     See  limitatioiL 

Fir-tree,  s.  jiy^  sanatohar. 

Fire,  j\j  ndr  (pL  ^\jJ  nlrdn).  Hell 
fire,  m:>^j\j  ndrjahannam,  A  spark 
of  fire,  jU  ^  hasiot  ndr.  To  strike 
fire,   il3  -.jJ   l;ai2aA  ndr.      Anything 

used  in  striking  fire  (as  steel,  flint,  etc;, 
^Ijj  kadddhat  A  worshipper  of 
fire,  ^Ull  Juc  ^ahhdd  anndr.  Fire 
(ardour),  ^^  ghirat,  ^j^j^^  hardrsL 
Firearms,  X>  lU  d^:'^!  asUhat  ndriftL 
Fire,  v.  (set  on  fire),  ^j^  harak,  j^' 
jUU  adroit  hU  ndr\  (to  take  fire), 
Jl/'^  ihtarak;  (to  be  fired  or  inflamed 
with  passion),  l.^^w3«IU  Jjcl^I  i$kiMl 
hU  ghadah.  To  fire  cannon,  c-^ 
^1a^   <^araft   maddfi^      To   fire  a 

musket,  2Fj^^b  (jm^  kawwas  hdmii* 

When  shall  the  fire  now  kindled  by  separatioa 
be  Quenched  by  your  approach,  and  my  wi^ 
be  ralfiUed  by  your  presence  P  and  when  duil 
we  remain  as  once  we  were  P  The  daj  of 
parting  has  filled  me  with  terror,  and  his 
afflictra  me;  and  the  act  of  bidding  thee  £uv- 
well,  0  my  lord,  has  increased  my  infirmity ! 

Firm  (fixed),  }fAj  rdsikk,  jSlj  wd»ky 

b^Jlo/*  vMaJbiki,  (jii-oU  9ohU,  ^^^^ 
makln,  ^^^  matin;   (solid)i 


PIS 


(661) 


FLA 


munjatnidf  ^^  kawl.     To  make  firm, 

^jL«  makkan. 
Firmament,  UyJf  anama^  CA»  fddk, 

CSijli\  CJ^jfalai  ul  afldk 
Firmly,  ^jtf^  iJ^  ^t^^  iamkin. 
Firmness,  m\L^^\  utihkdm,  j\2  iar&r, 

$ah&i,  ij\^j  roidnat.     See  Stability, 
Compactness,   Steadiness,  Besolntion, 
Certainty. 
First,  J^l  aiDwal  (fem.  _ijf  pi.  ^^\ 

awwdliin).    First,  firstly,  in  the  first 

place,  Jl^l  awtcal,  l^t  airvai^fi.  From 
first  to  last,^l\  ^\  JjJl  ^^  mm  a/ 

awwal  ila*  al  dkkir.  Making  the  first 
last  (transposing),  v£^>j  |*«^  kaddam 
wa  akhkhar. 

Fiscal.     See  Exchequer,  BeTenne. 

Fish,  «.  iij^^  Mtnakat  (pi.  lL^jiut  «amai&). 
A  laige  fish,  iUy^  hut  The  scale  of 
a  fish,  ^jAi  fU,    A  fish-hook,  ^  jIb 

hdlu^    A  fish-pond,  ^^  Aafr<{,  a^ 

hirhaL 
Fish,  9.  CX^Mi  «3u«dji  tMoyyad  satnak, 
Fisher,  fisherman,  v'^-^■^f  jLi^  Myydd 

samak. 
Fishmonger, «.  dli^ 4.1.1  &Lj  ^ayyA^Mviait. 

Fishy  (haying  the  qualities  of  fish),  ^ 
KLjij^\  ^\2o  laho  tahdyi^  assamak; 
(consisting  of  fish),  ^S-^^*^  BamaM, 

Fissile  (capable  of  being  spilt),  ^;d^ 
^UmJUI  mumkin  all  inshikdk* 

Fissure,  Jh^  »huk.  To  break  into  fis- 
sures, J^  fjsJU  ^VrflT  takutta^  shukak 
shukak. 

Fiat,  9.  jJ\  XjJ  kaldat  al  yadd.  A 
blow  with  the  fist,  ^  ^ibia^.  To 
strike  with  the  fist,  sS^  lakam. 

Fistula,  ji^U  ndiUr. 


Fistula  lachrymaHs,^Lii<«  J  dam^at,  c  ^J 
fjs'^\  dnmi^^  al^m. 

Fit,  «.  (paroxysm  of  a  fever),  U^l  i^J 
dawr  al  hummd;  (a  sudden  start  or 
e£Ebrt),  |*^^  kujum.  A  fednting  fit, 
^Luki  ghuhydn.  A  fit  of  anger, 
ai  yhadabf  Ix^  ghay%.    And  after 


havini^  recited  hiB  yeraes,  he  fell  down  in 
a  fit,  in  whidi  he  remained  for  a  long  time, 

t*>  \^  s^  'j-*^  ttT*  1/  '-♦^ 

Fit  (proper),  ^S  /dy«i,  4J3^%^  mtfirq/ii^, 
>li/t  miiNd«»6  f  (prepared),  ^l^- 


Aa<fir.    I  am  most  fit  to  conceal  thy  secret, 
to  accomplish  thy  bosiness,  and  to  Dear  thy 


letters,  'Ui,  tl^  j^jJLj  ^^  ULi 

Fit,   r.   j;it^   wdjlk;  (to  be  adapted). 

Fitly,    i[Aj\^  JG     3iib^    mtiM^a/ai^a^, 

^^t^b  hiuawdh. 
Fitness,  iSj\y  mutodfdkat,  <L3L!  laydkat, 

JUmiU^  mundsahal. 

«t 

Five,  4ufc4k>-  ^^i9Ma^  The  space  of  five 
years    (a   lustrum),    Cj|^ 
khamsat  sanawdU 

Fix,  f'.  ^jL«  mn^iUii,  ^iii-xfi  sahhat,  ^. 
ikWtf^.     To  fix  the  eyes,  JqA\  ,jft^\ 
am^an  annazar, 

Yixedf^jjJL^  mukarraTf  \j:^^  tdhit.  A 
place  where  anything  is  fixed,  *^j^d^ 
madrab.  A  fixed  habitation,  ^J^ 
makdn.    Fixed  upon,  jl:;^  mukhtdr. 

Fixedness,  fixation,  fixure,  j\^  kardr, 
dM^\^\  istihkdm,  tJLJyj  nthut 

Flabby,  ^^^ji^t^  mtutarkhl.   See  Sofk. 
Flaccid,  Jjtj  %&l%l,  t-gjt.^  da^f. 
Flaccidity,  flabbiness,  U-^f  istirkhd. 
Flag,  r.  (grow  feeble,  fiaecid), 
d0^ef. 


FLA 


(662) 


FIA 


JFlag,  s.  (colours),  ^  ^akm,  ,j^  %- 
rai,  )j)  liwa.    To  hoist  a  flag,  t^^wri 

Flageolet,  t.  (^U  ndy. 

Flagellation,  j\j>'  jM.  [^ki. 

Flagitions,^^  sharf^r,  xJjfiLmd,^^Jii 

Flagitiousness,^  tharr,  i!>-Lj  kabdhmt, 
it^lLl  shakdwiU^  h^*^J  raddwai. 

Flagon,  8,  JtfiAJ  humkum,  ^1:^:3  isofmlnd. 
A  large  flagon,  ^\^  iarrdhi. 

Flagrant  (notorious),^!!?  sdAtir,  uJ^yb« 

Flail,  tf.  Sjj^  darhat. 

Flake,  «.  d^sxi^  Miflhat. 

Flambeau,  $,  Jj(mu«  math^  (pi.  J^aImu^ 

motfto^i/),  ^twA^  muhdh.    See  Torch. 
Flame,  jU  ndr,  c--^  2a^d.    See  Fire, 
Passion,  Ardour,  Love. — Flame  with- 
out smoke,  J2\  ^LJ  Utdn  armdr.  £e- 

cite  to  me  some  venes :  perhaps  my  chest  may 
thereby  be  dilated,  these  sad  thoughts  may  be 
dispelled,  and  the  flame  that  is  in  my  heart  be 

quenched,  ^Jjc)  jIjc&II  ^j^atu  (JjywJl 

j\Ui\  if jjb  ^  Jjjj^  ^j^  fc/;*^ 

Flame,  v,  Jx.Si  tha^dl. 

Flaming,  flamy,  ^^\JL  thd^tly  JjcJL^ 

Flank,  v^^*  jdntb.  The  right  flank, 
^Lw«  maymanat.  The  left  flank, 
^^AM^  tnaysarat.  To  flank,  «r  attack 
tho  flank  of  an  army,  (— ^  iJ^  /^^ 

Flannel,  «.  Lj)Li^/k^l9. 

Flap,  €.  (anything  dangling),  uJ^  ftim/. 
The  flap  or  lappet  of  a  garment,  Jj  J 
dayL  [Show  away. 

Flare,  v.    See  Flash,  Glitter,  Glance, 

Flash,  i,  (of  fire  or  lightning),  ^  hark  i 


J      (a  sudden  impulse),  aIaa    Ac  a^ 
Au/vm  ^ai((f'  ghaflaL 
"^^^^t  9*  s2ji  hamk.    To  flash  (makem 
impetuous  effort)^  £1a£  ^^Js>  a^  Aa/m 

Flashing,  part.  ^S  22mi!^. 

Flashy  (not  solid),  J^h  hdiU,  ^jxsi 

hild  ma^uf, 
Flaak,  t.  iL£i«^  BkluJm,  li^  imaM. 
Flat  (level),  gr^L*::^  mti^cMdi^f,  cff**^ 

(not  elevated),  ^suj^j^  ghayr  wv- 
iafi^ ;  (insipid),  ^  J  M^^.  Tasteks 
(unanimated),  Uj^9  ^U  md/o^  ^m, 
«X«lc>-  jdmid.  The  flat  side  of  say- 
thing  (also  any  thin  lamina,  plate. 

blade),  ^  iofh.     Flat-nosed,  ^^'1 

afias.    A  flat  roo^  J^  ta^ 
Flat,  *.  (even  ground),  ^^*^  mida^ 

^J^  sahl. 
Flatly  (horizontally),  jiW  \*)l^  •»- 

hdtiyan  hld/ak,   l[y:^'»*^  musUmffn^. 
Flatness  (levelness),  Jf-  «€iA/;  (dead- 

ness),  SJii^  5Krik20^. 
Flatten,  c^.  (make  flat),  J^  $ahhd. 

Flatter,  v.  J^  maUak, 

Flatterer,  «•  (jl«^  mumaUiL 

Flattery,  Ji^  tamaGuk. 

« • 

Flatulency,  ^  no/ifeA,  ^j  rf  A. 
Flatulent,  ^Uj    fia^A.      A  flatalent 

tumour,  ^Lsf^  fMfkltai. 
Flavour  (odour),  ia^j  rdyhat;  (agne- 

ableness  of   taste),   ifjJ   haat,  l^ 

masszat,  J^J  %awk. 
Flaw,  i.  (crack),  JJ^  shuk;  (defect;, 

L_  ^j*^  ^ayb ;  (a  blast  of  wind),  is^ 

\yb  najkhat  hawd. 
Flax,  ^\::;^  hiUdn.     See  lint 


FLE 


(663) 


FU 


Flaxen,  «ils^  hittata. 

Flax>8eed,  ^^jjf  i«w  tuUdn. 

Flay,  V.  d^jdady  'J^»aIaihfjJMj  iathar. 

Flea,  «.  f^yji  larghuL 

Fleas,  \::,^\ji  harvigkiU 

Fled  (|Nir^.  o/flee),  Aj^Jf^  nui^ilifi. 

Flee,  r.  (run  B,wBj)yj3farr,  <-r^  AtfmS. 

Any  place  to  which  one  flees,  \jf^ 

mdljd. 
Fleece,  «.  uJ^  ^J>-  youia^  «il/. 
Fleece,  r.  (ahear  sheep),  J>-  /« ;  (to 

atrip,  plunder),  c^^l.o  kiI0}. 
Fleeced  (robbed,  stripped),  c,»jLyb^  ifkM- 

lah    Fleeced  or  fleecy,  i^yo^  fnu* 

sawicif.  L/*^***'^  tamoikhir. 

Fleer,  i?.  (deride),  ^*  |  *;  ..tl  istahia\ 
Fleet, «.  c^L^  S;Ui&  ^amdrat  mardkib, 

UjJ^J  donanmd.     To  fit  out  a  fleet, 

<^-^^^  k.^!^ J|>-  jahhan  mardkib  Id 

harb. 
Fleet.  See  Swift,  Nimble,  Quick,  Speedy. 
Fleet,  9.    See  Yanish,  Disappear,  Flow, 

Skim. 
Fleeting,  adj\  jji^**"^^  mudmahal,  ^JU 

Jl|jJt«irl^assAu;dJ.  See  Momentary. 
Fleetly,  Uj^  tforf^ofi. 
Fleetness,  L^yi.!  sur^aL 
Flesh,  ^  Jn^rn,  i%^  luhilm,jJb  hdbr. 

Flesh  dried  in  the  air,  Jj  ji  ib(Ai.   A 

flesh-hook,  (^K  iboSfi^.  To  get  into 
flesh  (grow  fat),  ^^^^^  semen.  Flesh 
(carnal  desire),  i^  ehahwat.  Fol- 
lowing the  lusts  of  the  flesh,  ^^ 
JLjImaD!  Cli>t^f£j1  tahi^  ashshahwdi  an- 
nufi&niyat.    One  flesh  (as  husband  and 

Flesh,  V.    See  Glut,  Satiate,  Accustom. 


Fleshy,  i^ar^  i^Atiii,  *^  Ml m,  a-mms^ 
/ulm,  j^ar^\j^  kaefr  ai  lahm. 

Flexibility,  flezibleness,  ^yc^\  ^^^ 
mkdn  atta^awumf,  ^yi\iAj\j  kdbtU- 
yat  (d  ^awj.  [ma^inf. 

Flexible,  flexile,  ,«2>^u  munhani,  t^jbx^ 

Flexion,  flexure,  —^  ^wj,  J^  mayL 

Flexuous,  adj.  ^^y^  mu^awwqf. 

Flier,  $•  (^3Jf  ^^^^^-  S^  Fugitire, 
Bnnaway. — (in  the  air),^\L  tdyer. 

Flier,  8,  (of  a  jack  or  other  engine), 
Uj\st^  mu^ddalat,  U\£j  fakkdlai. 

Flight  (from  danger,  etc.),  j\ji  Jirdr, 
f^/b  Aarb ;  (the  general  flight  or  rout 
of  an  army),  ^yb  haamatf  ijJi  kae- 
rat.  To  take  flight,^  far.  To  put 
to  flight  (defeat),  |«JJh  hanam.  To 
feign  a  flight  or  retreat,  j\yi\j^\ 
aahar  cifirdr.    Flight  (flying  through 

the  air),  yj^y^  tayardn.      Then  he 

called  out  to  his  jounsf  men,  and  said,  0  yonng 
men,  take  the  head  of  this  young  wretch.  So 
they  took  their  sworda,  and  drew  them,  and 
sought  to  slay  him ;  hut  he  turned  his  hack 
in  flight,  seeking  the  gate  of  the  palace, 

Flightiness,  (^j^  tawoih. 

^^g^ijf  iJW=^  ^kiydh,  i^^  wahml. 

Flimsy.  SeeFriyolous,  Spiritless,  Trifling. 

Flinch,  V*  JLu  ta^aUal. 

Flincher,  ».  jLc^  muta^aUU. 

Fling,  V.  ^^yi  kawwae.     To  fling  (as  a 

horse),  \j*ij  rafae. 
Flint,  i^y-^  sawtodn.  A  flint  for  a  musket, 

tinder-box,  etc.,  ^UbA>>  ehakmdk. 
Flinty,  (J^>^  eawtodnl.    Flinty  hearted, 

^^t^f  Ji/«  ^uii  kalbuho  mul  auawwdr 


FLO 


(664) 


FLO 


Flirt,  «.  (more  aboat  with  quickness), 
MjZ  tabarram. 

Flit,  V.  (migrate,  remove),  (Jserj\  irtahal. 

See  Hove,  Flatter,  Fly  away. 
Float,  V,  (swim),  ^U  ^d«t;  (to  overflow), 

j^y^  tamawwqj. 

Flock,  «.  wJai  katl^    A  flock  of  sheep, 

aJlc  <  jVi5  ^A^  ghanam*     A  flock  of 

people,  ^U^yamoca^. 
Flock  together,  v.  ^j^jcma^. 

Flood  (delage),  ^;^^  tawafdn.  The 
flood  of  Noah,  -.y  u;^>^  tawafdn  nUh; 
(high  water),  J^  miK^.  The  floqd  and 
ehh  of  the  tide,  jjp-j  Jl^  mad  wajaxr. 

Flood,  r.  i^lL  ^d/.     See  Overflow. 

Floor,  ^jS^  sahn,  i^\^  tdhat,  A  stone, 
hrick,  or  earthen  floor,  ]olh  haldt.  A 
floor  or  story,  ^jj^  tabak,  il^  tabakat 
(pi.  jU?  ^t^dit),  jLLl  a^iaifc,  icU?! 
athakat.  The  upper  and  lower  floors, 
^li^nJIj  iLjUySt  ^LLlalt  attahakut  al . 
fawkdniyat  wal  tahtdniyat. 

Floral,  i^ji^j  Mhri> 

Florid,  yhlj  20 Air. 

Floridness,  floridity,^^  juiAr. 

Florist,  «.  cf;^^  a%harl,  (JIimJ  ^M^an!, 

Flounce,  r.  n.  ^^J^  ghatoB  ;  (plange 
about  in  water),  ^jJioL  ghattat.  A 
flounce  (to  a  garment),  ^JtSj^  kashkash. 

Flour  (meal),  JhJ  J  ^M,  ,j-3r  ^aAJw. 

Flourish,  t^.  (as  a  plant),  ybjl  mdiar.  To 

flourish  in  esteem  (to  be  prosperous), 

j^Sjt^Jia  8dr  mu^ahar.     To  flourish 

in  discourse^  ^Uj  tafd8ah\  (to  boast), 

^^Lj  tabaha' ;  (to  adorn),  ^J  tayyan. 

To  flourish  a  sword,  cjLmJI  ^II  lam- 
ma^asaayf. 


Flout,  p.  See  Gibe,  Mock,  InsulL 
Flow,  V.  (as  water,  etc.),  i^j^- j^- 
To  flow  from  a  source,  jt\^  uder, 
^  naha^.  To  flow  (as  water  from  a 
cistern,  etc.),  ^j  rashah.  To  floi- 
rapidly,  JL>  «d/.    To  flow  as  swot, 

iruM^.  To  ebb  and  flow,  *^^^jj^j^^ 
wa  tnadd.  To  flow  as  the  waves,  ^  o.- 
tamawwaf.  To  flow  or  wave  as  hair, 
uJJj  sa^/.  To  flow  (abound),  J^ 
kaser,  ^U  fdd.  To  flow  round,  i^U' 
ahdt.  To  flow  back  (ebb),^^^ytfKr 
To  cause  to  flow,  ijj>'  jarr^. 

Flow,  »•  (of  tide),  tVt  »t<»^;  (abundance'. 
t|^\  tj^d^,  ijt^  kasaratm 

Flower,  «.  i^bj  tahra  (pL  <^^|^  eo^oi 
The  clove  jilly-flower,  JiJy5  karanfi. 
Saflron  in  flower,  ^Lac  ^/ur.  The 
flower  of  youth,  ^^^^^  ^nfawdn.  A 
cauliflower,  ^*fJi^  kamdblL  The 
flower  or  best  of  anything,  ^<^1  Ix^ 
%uhdat    ashay.      Fleur-de-lisy    ^%^ 

sUsan,  Jhf{j    tayhak.      And    I   took 

shelter  in  a  cftyem  until  the  next  mornhie 
I  then  resamed  my  walking,  till  I  arriTed  a: 
a  flourishing  and  well-fortified  city  Tbf 
winter,  with  its  cold,  had  passed  away,  aci 
the  spring  had  come  with  its  floweTi;  U: 
rivers  formed  the  most  enchanting  cascadts 
and  the  singing  of  the  birds  was  truly  deligkt- 

ful,  jJJr  J^  ^\  tjMu,  ^\  ^J 

Flower,  t'*  r^  snAAor;  (to  adorn  witi 
flowers),^^^  jLl  shakkal  hihakr. 

Flowing,  adj,  ijj^  jdr%.  Flowicf: 
rapidly,  ^JL^  aayaldn.  Flowing  water, 


FLY 


(665) 


FOI 


Elactuate,  v.   (to  be  in  an  uncertain 
state,  irresolute),  -J1  ,^\j  ^  j^Mj 

^\j  iakaUah  mm  rdy  M  rdy^  vL^-* 
shak;  (to  roll  as  the  waves),  ^^^ 
tamatotcqf. 
Plactoating,  flactaant  (uncertain),  a!t« 
lz^Lj  mdlaho  sabdt.      Fluctuation  of 

■ 

the  waves,  ^ry^  tamawwuj\   (uncer- 
tainty), ^^\  Aiis.  ^adam  al  kirdr. 

Fluency  (in  speech  or  writing),  X>-lai 

fasdJuit, 
Fluent,^^^  kaalr,  <^U25  fasih. 

Fluid,   Ju.d  Mtfffdl,  JjL»  9dy$l,  ^U 

mdye^ 
Fluidity,  fluidness,  iA^  mayd^at 
Flurry.  See  Hurry,  Flutter ;  Gust,  Storm. 
Flosh,^^  kaslr.    See  Copious. 
Fluster,  v.   (intoxicate   slightly),  jL^\ 

osHmt, 
Flute,  s.  ij^ij  Jidwtoh,  i^\j  ndy,  j\^'^ 

muasmdr,  ^  w  ihabhdhat. 
Flutter,  V.  (the  wings),  <— i^j  f^'^fr^ft 

<(».  l:^  S-^  dardb  jand  haho  \    (to 

vibrate),  (ji^  khafak,  /%U-  hdm. 
Flutter,    fluttering    (vibration),  l^js^ 

harakat,   \Ji*^j  ra^h,   J|j-||j   talzdl; 

(hurry  of  mind),  (^Kki^!  idtirdh. 
Flux  (flowing),  ^^j^r  Maydn,  JL^ 

sayaldn.    Flux  and  reflux  of  the  tide, 
jJp^^*X^  mad  u>a  jatr ;  (a  dysentery), 

J\f-*1  Uhdh     A  bloody  flax,  ^Ij^sj- 

AJkIt  jaraydn   addam  ;    (confluence), 

fj^yiu^  masyal,  fj^j^^ ic^^  mtdtaka* 

a,Lhrtn.  ' 

Fluxion.     See  Flux,  Flowing. 
Fly,  p.  jlt  tdr.     To  cause  to  fly,  J^ 

tayyoTn    To  fly  at,  4^  hajam.     To 

fly  (to  avoid  punishment),  ^l^  ^^^^^ 
khdUoB  hdhho.     To  fly  off  (revolt, 


desert),  ^^^«a£  ^eH.  To  fly  (abandon), 

•a 

il^  iarak,  yS^  hajar.  To  fly  for 
refuge,  ^<fl^^  iUa/a\    To  fly  to  any 

person  for  refuge,  ^\  ^^^^  iltajW  %la\ 

Then  the  Efreet  flew'away  immediately,  and 
Meymooneh  flew  with  him  to  guard  him ;  and 
after  they  had  been  ahflent  an  hour,  they  re- 
turned, conveying  the  young  lady,  *j 

43JU  ^Uj))1  Lil  fi  ^^j  ^^  \Aj^ 

Fly,  B.  ijlJj  dubhdnat. 

Flyer,  a.  (through  the  air).  Jit  tayyer. 

Flying,  part.  ^U^    tayyer;    (running 

away),  /MJf«  mahzHm. 
Foam,  iy£j  raghwat.     The  foam  of  the 

Bea,^^\  iyij  raghwat  al  hahr. 

Foam,  V.  ^j  ragha\  Jj  ;  tahad.     And 

she  proceeded  to  bum  perfumes,  and  to  invite 
and  conjure,  and  repeat  spells,  until  the  sea 
foamed  and  was  agitated,  and  there  came  forth 
from  it  a  young  man  of  comely  form  and  beau- 
tiful countenance,  like  the  moon  at  the  full, 

Fob,  8.  ^j*i^  kU,  Uj  wa^. 

Fob,  1^.  ^Jik£.  yhash.  See.  Cheat^  Elude, 
Pat  off. 

Fodder  (dry  food  stored  for  cattle),  ujsLe 
^alaf,  ^^luJuiv.  kashuh.  Fed  with 
fodder,  uJjLc^  ma^uf.  To  fodder, 
^Ir  ^alaf.  [See  Exulting. 

Foe,9.j»Xf  ^oiii.  Exulting  foe,  iz^'^\J^. 

Foetus,  8.  ^j^^  janin. 

Fog,  8.  h\^  dabdhat,  ^^  ghaym» 

Fogginess,  A-«i  ghaym. 

Fob,  5!^  t(7dA. 

Foible,  «.  U;.^  ^b,jyai  kuBUr. 


FOL 


(666) 


rou 


Poil,  r.  (frustrate),  c,^rw  khayyab.  Bee 

Defeat,  Disappoint,  Worst,  Bepulse. 
Poll,  9.  (defeat),  iwjib  haiamat,  f\j^\ 

inhit&m ;  (whatever  iUnstrates  or  ren- 
ders another  thing  brighter),  j^  m%- 
nawwir. 

Foist,  V.  (insert  fraudulently),  UlAJ^J^j 
L-fl;.a4]1  ^l  W^j  tawwar  ^tbdrdt  wa 
fuuahahd  M  al  musanmf. 

Fold  (for  sheep),  j^iap^  hmlr.  A  fold 
or  leaf  in  a  book,  i^j^  mattoa*  (pi. 
4^Ux«  maidwl).  Two-fold,  (»^Li^ 
muda^af.  Three-fold,  i^ImI  ^]Ij  m- 
^a^  at^^d/.  Four-fold,  cJImI  ^j\ 
arha^t  ad^f. 

Fold,  f;.   (sheep),    ajJiII  c^J   MmS  aZ 

ghanam.     To  fold  (cloth,  etc.),  ^^^ 

^eiu'a'.  Tofoldupaletter, c,jyJUl\uJJ 

lafaimakiub.  She  then  folded  the  letter,  and 
gaye  it  to  the  old  woman,  saving  to  her,  De- 
liver it  to  him,  and  say  unto  him,  Abstain  from 
these  words.  And  she  replied,  I  hear  and  obey, 

Folded,  i/^la^  mutwi. 

Folding  door,   ^t^cj^^  t^b  h&h  hidar 

fatein.  And  we  walked  to  it ;  and  behold,  it 
was  a  pavilion,  with  lofty  pillars  and  high 
walls,  having  a  gate  with  folding  doors,  which 
was    open ;    and   the   door  was   of   ebony, 

Foliaceous,  ^j^  ^  laho  awrdk. 

Fbliage  (leaves),  ^\j^\  oiordL 

!^olk,  i»y  kaum,  j;i£»-  khalk,  ^IL  tdy- 

fat,  JlLJ  kahlJat. 
Follow,  9.  (go  after),  ^J^  Uhek;   (to 
imitate),  jjj  kallad ;  (to  attend  upon 
as  a  dependent),  |*  Jck  khadam ;    (to 


obey),  cU?  /d^,  J1:l^I  tm^Mo/,  ^;^«^^ 
(If  ^im.  To  follow  (be  busied  about), 
JkJ^\   imhayhal.     To  be  followed, 

Cy^SfA  a^kdh.    And  he  said  to  her,  0 

my  mother,  this  paper  moat  be  IbUowed 
by  complete  union  or  complete  aepiitwi, 

JUuJt  jury  JUuil  JUr  <(..i... 

So  each  of  them  dressed  himself  in  the  richest 
of  his  apparel ;  and  they  went  forth,  IbUowed 
by  four  slaves,  and  repaired  to  the  gardes. 

Follower, «.  ^Ij  tdhi^  s^'^^^^  MMb«^ 
i^^S^ss^  nwhtMJ,  ^^  tmUdhi^ 

Following  (going  after),  ^l:^  mvtdhi^ 
^^sz^  mtUatdhi^.     Following  as  a 

necessary  consequence,  /OJ^  mtdUum. 

And  on  the  following  day  the  King  mounted, 
together  with  the  lords  of  the  empire  and  all 
the  princes ;  and  all  the  soldiers  walked  with 

him  through  the  city,  and  returned,  aJ 
"SoQlJ,!.  i^^jM.  0  nckless  in  nvelij, 

■preading  wide  the  robe  of  airoganoe!  head- 
strong in  foUiea,  and  prone  to  rain  imagia- 

inga!  JjlJt  AjljLt  ^jS^\  Lfj\ 

Foment,   9.  (cherish  with  heat),   J^ 

hahhalf  ^^j^^-  hamma* ;  (to  bathe  with 

'warm  lotions),  ^^s^UjtJ^ix  yhnd 

himd  eukkn;  (to  support,  enooonge, 

excite),  ijOj^  harrad.     To  foment 

disturbance,    iLsj^\  CJf^    harrmk  al 

fitnat,  [  cWf^  '''AM/. 

Fomentation,  Ju^7  takmldf  JU^  Umdd, 


POO 


(667) 


POE 


Fond,  ^\  JjU  mdyil  %la\  fJJi»\£.  ^d- 

Mk,  Pond  of  the  oompany  of  women, 
^\yu:^\  ijj^\st^  L^^ft!^  muhib  mu^- 
aharat  al  niswdn.    Pond  of  himself, 

Fondle,  v.  ^^^^^^  hadan,  ^U  ^dnak. 
See  Caress,  Embrace. 

Fondler,  «.  (jL%>y  mumalUk, 
Fondling,  »,  (person  much  admired  or 
caressed),  i^yjjs^   maA5il5,  fjywju* 

Fondly,  ^»Jh^  hi^hkm. 
Fondness,  Jf^  shawk,  ^Jmis.  ^hk» 

Food,  iZJy  kut,  ^Ut  ia^dm,  \sz^hadd. 

And  his  sister  came  up  to  him  with  some  food 
aad  drink,  and  chained  his  clothes,  and  he 
slept.  She  continued  to  do  thus  with  him 
eTerj  day,  until  the  next  month  commenced, 


Fool,   8.   uy'^  nu^nUn;    (a  jester), 

HjSf**^  moikhara, 
Foolhardine8s,^Jj  ^Ji£  ^adam  tadbir. 
Foolhardy,  j^fL^  mutahawwir. 
Foolish,  ^^"^  majnUn. 
Foolishly,^  JJ^  ^^  mmghayr  tadhir, 

Jif  i%hX)U  hi^adam  ^aU. 

Foolishness,  ^^Lc  gkahdwat. 

Foot,  «.  ^Ji  kadam,  Jj^j  r^7.  The  foot 

of  a  mountain,  ^^^  «a/^.     To  go  on 

foot,  fJ^  meshl.  To  be  on  foot  (in  a 

posture  of  action  ready  for  anything), 
tf    - 
j»aa^  tahaddar.     The  sole  of  the  foot, 

/%jJ  kadam. 
Footboy,  8,  /^Ifi  ghtddm.    See  Footman. 
Footing,  Js>-^  ry7;   (condition),   JU* 

h&l,  JJi,  8hdn. 
Foot-sock,  8.  ^y  or  It^  nuwid. 


Footstep,  «•  i«Ji  kadam^  \J^y^  mawia\ 
Fop, «. ^U-   JjS^Jb^mufiakhirfihdliho. 

Foppery  (vanity,  foppishness),  ^rUL^ 
mtf&dAdA.     See  Polly,  Impertinence. 

Foppish,  Jtb  3d^«2.  See  Foolish,  Tain, 
Ostentations. 

Foppishly,  ^Ltb  hdttlan. 

For  (on  account  of),  jjsj-il  /lii;?.     For 

the  love  of  Gk)d,  for  Ood's  sake,  <dl 

t'Ai^.  For  ever,  for  ever,  and  for  ever, 

Uj!  J  ddyman.     For  the  sake,  Jb\^ 

likhdtir. 

Forage,  (^JL^  ^tf^i  (j^j/Lfw  AmAuA. 

Forbear,  r.  (intermit),  uJiy  tawakkaf; 
(to  abstain),  l,.^!^  tajannab;  (to  be 
patient),^M0  M^^r ;  (to  be  mercifal), 
^le.  ^JaJ^  8hafak  ^M,  *>>  •  raham. 

Forbearance  (abstinence),  ^^l:JL>-t  ^Yt- 
ndh,  j]/^»-^  ihttrdz,  cUi^t  mtind^; 
(intermission),  {^jSy  tawakkuf,  JUibl 
ihmdL  See  Delay. — (patience),  -m^ 
8abr,  fjia^  tahammul ;  (leniency, 
mercy),  <U£»^  morAama^,  ^liu^  «Aa- 
/a^^,  A^^  tarahhum,  <Uv>>j  roAma^. 

Forbid,  v.  ^»^  tnana^. 

Forbidden,  c  y^iw*  mamnH^t^^f^  fnunha\ 

Ther  acquired  wealth,  both  lawfdl  and  for- 
bidaen,  but  it  repelled  not  fate  when  the  ap- 
pointed time  of  death  expired.  They  led 
troops  in  multitudes,  and  collected  riches,  but 
they  left  their  wealth  and  buildings,  and  de- 
parted, ^^  J^  ^  JUH  <jL3:>-ji 

Forbidder,  ^U  mdni^. 
Forbidding   (prohibiting),  pari.    ^^jOi^ 
muharrtm,  w3U  mdni^. 

Force  (strength),  i^  knwat,  ij^  kudrat, 
j\sii\  iktiddr,  iJ^  tdkat-,  (violence). 


FOE 


(668) 


FOE 


Jiff  %tdm,  j0^  jabr ;  (necessity,  des- 

tiiiy),  ^j^j^  darurat,  LaJ  kadd,  ^  JtA^ 
muhaddar,  c  ■^j^n)  noHh;  (an  arma- 
znent),  jX^uu£  ^a<^.     By  force,  l^-^sj- 

jahran,  \j^  kahran.     I  will  come  to 

tbee  with  forces  that  shall  fill  the  racant  re- 
gion, and  leave  thee  like  yesterday  that  has 

passed,  )L«J  ^y^  ^-^^  j^  u,i'^m5 

Force  (to  use),  j^  j'ahar;  (to  impel, 
driye),  wiJ  dafa^;  (to  overpower), 

k^^r.  ghdah ;  (to  storm),  ^Js^  hqfatn. 

Forced  (compelled),j^*«r*  majhur;  (over- 
powered), Cyj^lx^  maghlnh. 

Forcedly,  \j^  jdbran.  See  By  force. 
Compulsively. 

Forceless,  i^\  ^fi^c  ^adim  al  kutvat. 

Forceps,  ^K  kaUdhat,  ^^f^  kdlhatiin. 

Forcible,  forceful  (strong),  ^^^  kawl; 
(violent),  ^f*r.  ^an%f.  See  Impetu- 
ous, Vehement. — (done  by  violence), 
lS,^>>-  jahri. 

Forcibly,  ••jjy  h%l  wawr,  \j^  j'ahran, 

Ui^  raghman,  1^1jcj|^  Sy  kuwattan 
wa  iktiddran. 
Ford,  8.  j^  %^Sl^  makta^  fiahr,  j^9u% 

Ford,  v.j^\  ^aS  kata^  annahr. 
Fordable,  ^Vtflv^  yurikati^ 

Fore,  {JJ  kahl.    See  Former,  Formerly, 

Before.  [nosticate. 

Forebode,  v.  J^  tafawwai.    See  Prog- 

Foreboder,  «.  J^^^  mK^a/a«7tr»7. 
Forecast,  fj^r^   htuHrat     To  forecast, 

^dkibat  alamr.     See  Foresee,  Adjust, 
Contrive. 
Forecastle  (of  a  ship),  L^j^\jiXa  aadr 
almarkah. 


Forecited,  ji^tX^il  al  nuuk^r,  jyi^\  «/ 
mashur,  jjb*uA^\  al  mastur,  ^^^IdbL*!^ 
al  mushdr  ilaghi.  See  Above  men- 
tioned. Aforesaid. 

Foreclose,  f^.  See  Preclude,  'PrevcDt, 
Shut  up.  [nate. 

Foredoom,  v.j^yi  kaddar.    See  Predesti- 

Forefather,  <.4X5^/«W(pl.  jIjcj-^  afddd). 
Forefinger,  8,    See  Finger. 
Forefoot,  8.  >»ji  kadam. 
Forego,  i^.  (quit,  resign),  C/p  tardk. 

Forehead,  «.  ^;:^f>-  jabln,  ^^  jtMat, 
Lines  on  the  forehead,  ^^^^  asrdrm 

Foreign  (of  a  different  country,  not 
domestic),  ^^^  gharib.  Foreign  or 
contrary  to  established  custom,  \  •^'■^ 
£jUI\  khUdfal  ^dat ;  (not  analogous), 
v_  ^«r«^  n^  1^  ^-  ghayr  mijmd8%b. 

Foreigner,  «.  ii^-^j^  gharib  (pL  l^ 
gkurdbd,  ^-^  ^Auri).  To  become  a 
foreigner  (to  travel),^Li  8dfar,  ^.^ 
iagharrah.  To  pretend  to  be  a  foreigner, 
(.^ -c  a!1>>  Ji«4X  ^amalhdlaho  gharih. 
Having  a  foreign  air,  or  behaving  in 
a  foreign  manner,  i^Jc»*M^  mustagkrah. 

Foreignness,  l)j£-  ghurhat;  (without  anal- 
ogy),iA3\y^\  ^<Xc  ^adam  al  muwdfaiei. 

Forejudge,  v.  liL)  a^1>-  hakam  8ala/am. 
See  Prejudice. 

Foreknow,  c^.  ^^J;^^  (j^  8abak  taa^fref. 

Foreland,  «.  ^\j  rd8.  See  Cape,  Head- 
land. 

Foreleg,  8.  l,.>^v«^  mankah,  cV^J  stird^. 

Forelock,  9.  ^m^U   nd8iyat  (pi.  ^<^^y 

nai(7d«f). 
Foreman,  «•  ^juuJj  roy^.  [Jb^. 

Foremast,  <•  ^^^jiiS  l^j^  tori  dlmmr^ 
Fore-mentioned.     See  Foreoited,  Before 

mentioned. 


FOB 


(669) 


FOE 


Foremost,  /%Jjt  akdam,  J^l  awioal.     To 
go  foremost,    /^sij    tdkaddam.     See 

Precede.  [mentioned. 

Fore-named.       See    Forecited,    Above 
Forenoon,^|is]l  J.J  hall  al  suhr. 
Forensic  (belonging  to  courts  of  justice), 

ll\jji\  ^^jJ^  ^\  t-jywJ^  tnamuh  da* 

dlwdn  al  ^addlat,  [tinate. 

Fore-ordainy  v.   See  Pre-ordain,  Predes- 
Forepart,  ^UJlL*  mtikaddamat. 
Foreiecited.       See    Forecited,    Above 

mentioned. 
Foreran,  r.  ^J^  tabak. 
Forerunner,  «.  j;jLa  tdhik.    The  fore- 

Ml 

runner  of  good  news,yMk^  mubaahhir, 
Foresay,  v.    See  Foretel. 
Foresee,  v-J^^  (j^  sabak  wa  ruaar* 
Foreseen,  ULij^lax^  mafaUr  talafan. 
Foreshow,  v.   See  Foretel,  Prognosticate. 
Foresight  (prudence),  ij^i^  hoiirat,  Jlc 
^kl,   j0Li3^1    ihtiy&t\    (prescience), 
Ja«7  ta^kktd. 
Foreskin,  9,  cLlf  ghdlaf. 
Forest,  «.  (^.^^/^  A»>«A,  X^li  gh&bat. 
Forester,  9.  (officer  of  a  forest),  ^J^'^j^ 

i/*j^^  toardiydn  al  hirah. 
Foretel,  v.  ^^fatakfdl. 
Forethought,  ij^^  haairat. 
Foretoken,  v.  ^^^  tanahba\    See  Prog- 
nosticate, Presage. 
Foretooth, «.  ^\jJi\  ^\:^ainan  alkudddm. 

Forewarn,  v.  f^  nasah.   See  Admonish, 

Caution. 
Forfeit,  «.  i«|^  ffhardmat,  i*iy>-  jarl- 

mat.     See  Fine,  Mulct,  Penalty. 
Forfeit,  v.   ,j>-jaram,  k^  dabat.    See 

Confiscate. 
Forfeitable,  L^dtl  cu^  taht  addabt. 
Forfeiture,  i^JjS^  jarlmat   See  Forfeit. 


Forgave  (jMret  o/forgiYe),jis>  gha/ar. 

Forge,  «•  (for  iron  work),  ^^  Mannar, 

jljksr^l  cjW'^^  at^a^  a/  hadddd.     See 
Furnace. 
Forge,  t;.  (with  a  hammer),  ^Li^lsuSb  jj 

d!ai&  ^»7  matraka ;  (to  falsify),  ^jj  mw- 

war ;  (to  make),  f^A^c  ^amal.   To  forge 

a  lie,  ii^  (— ftv«^  sannaf  ktshat.     To 

forge  a  deed,  uXuu^t  jJj  ^o^oii  a/ 

Forgedyj jiU  mtaaunoar.  Anything  forged, 

mm 

Forger,  '•j9/«  muMwioir. 
Forgery  (falsification),  JuIiJ  iaklidfj^j 
zur,jij\J  tasiwir,  [bdUho, 

Forget  I?.  ^j«J  nni,  i\\j  ^j^  ^\j  rdh  min 

Forgetful,  ^^\j  ndsty  ^u««j  naaydn. 
Forgetfulness,  ^UamJ  niaydn. 
Forgetfully,  \^  aahwan,  UyJ  iMwyan. 

Forgive,  v.jis.  ghafar,  ^  aafah.   Thou 

wfu  wont  to  manifest  an  affection  for  me,  and 
to  desire  my  friendship,  and  fear  the  greatness 
of  my  power.  Be  not,  then,  rancoroos  to- 
ward me  for  that  which  I  have  done  onto  thee ; 
for  he  who  has  the  power  (to  pnnish),  and  yet 
forgiyeth,  will  recei?e  a  recompense  nrom  God, 

(may  His  name  be  praised !)  \jl^  UjI 
^  ir^^  J^  Uiij  j^  ^J^  dX*^ 


^[mj  M.     See  Pardon. 
Forgiven,  ^  jy^  mughfur  laho. 
Forgiveness,  S^iM  maghfarat,  yLc  ^/n, 

.U^  aamdh.     And  we  ask  thy  for-* 

fiyeness  should  our  frailty  betray  us  into  am- 
iguities,  as  we  ask  thy  forgiveness  should  our 
steps  advance  to  the  verge  of  improprieties, 

ci^lJU^l  LL^  ^1  cul^i.    Be 


FOB 


(670) 


POB 


not  angry  with  me  for  my  fonncr  offences ;  for 
fbi^Tenesfl  U  required  of  the  generous,  and 
kind  actiouB  are  among  the  best  treasures  with 
which  one  can  enrich  oneself  and  how  beaati- 
ful  is  the  saying  of  the  poet,  Haste  to  do  good 
when  thou  art  able,  for  at  CTcry  time  and 
occasion  thon  hast  not  the  power  to  do  so, 

^  ^^^\  ^^j  *  Mjli*.  ^]/^\ 

Porgiver,  «r  j^  ghafHTyjAs.  ghaffar. 

Forgot,  forgotten,  ^^*»*:^  muma'. 

Fork,  B.  isjjh  forketta,  K^  shatciah. 

Forlorn,  J^*^^  tnakh%ul,  CS*/^  matrak. 

Form  (figure,  shape),  jLl  shakl  (pi. 
^}\L^\  ashk&l),  ijys  iHrat  (pi.  jya 
tuwar),  L^\i  kdlih;  (order,  stated 
method),  ^}\y>^mantodl,  ifiXelS  kd^idat, 
i^^\  uslnh,  uy  U  kdnUn,  aUij  nwdtn, 
/^^iaaj\  tntizam,  c^J  tartfh,     Ez- 

r  ,      / 

terior  form,  fjbll?  ifj^  «flra^  ndkirat* 
The  interior  form,  ^U^  Matin,  ijy>c 
LLU  «ura^  hatinat.  The  exterior  and 
interior  form,^^lj^yJ^lb  %ahir  wa  hdtin. 
The  form  or  essential  modification  of 
man,  ^j^\  ^a^^  aasifat  al  liUhariyat, 
The  form  of  anything  delineated  on 
paper,  etc.,  m^j  rasm.  A  form  (mould). 
L^\ihalih.  Elegant  form,  J^JCLxt^^Jj 

kad  wa  t^tddl.     And  while -the  Lady 

Bnnya  stood  there,  she  looked  aside,  and  saw 
him,  and  obserred  the  beauty  of  his  &ce  and 

his  elegant  form,  l-^^  i«X^\  \.4^'»,«^*i 

Form,  V.  (make),  J-«^  ^mal ;  (shape), 
jpj^  Muwari  (to  arrange),  Jaj  na%am; 
(to  contrive),  ^^;:^^  ithtara^. 

Formal  (precise),  ci^Ul^  l^.^<vU  idhib 


iakaUufai;  (methodical),  ^}^  (J^^y* 
vmwdfk  tffTMm,  jyuoji^  J^^  ■»«^" 
l%k  addustur,  ^f\&\  ji\y^  mmwdfik 
al  kdnHn. 

Formality,  ij-i-y  io\£'  ^dat  rtumufat. 

Formally  (according  to  established  rules), 
^Ka^j  raman,  ^y^^  O^^y^^fijri  *• 
naw^  muwdfk  al  kdnun;  (ce^emon- 
iously),  uJiO  Jij  hOol  taOlf. 

Formation,  ^jj»jO  tahioinj  ^^J  i^rbh, 
is^S^  khalkat     See  Creation. 

Formed,  Jjl^r^WflitWfiit,  ^y*3^«i««t«^, 

j^a^  mutawwar.     A  former,  jy>o^ 
musawwir. 
Former,  fjAa  »dhik,  aSa^  mMiaddm$, 

Former  times,  ^U^  U^J"^^  anaman 

oiBdhik.    Formerly  (in  former  times), 

Uj^  WMkaddaman. 
Formidable,    s.^^^    muhib,     4«i%s^ 

mukhawwif.     See  Terrible,  DreedfiDl, 

Tremendous,  Powerful. 
Formidableness,  L^  hayhait  ^V*  ^"^ 

hdhat,  ijb^  satwatf  ilyo  9awluL 
Formidably,  ^UJ>  J^  hikol  haybat. 
Formless,  ij^ h  hUd  silrai,  jCl^  ^^ 

min  ghayr  skakl. 
Formulary  (book  of  models,  regulntiosis, 

laws,  etc.),  J-wJ^^^  J  doBi^  al  ^tmal 

<uU  ^y^  kdnun  ndma. 
Fornication,  Uj  %%nd.    A  fornicator,  ^^J 

sdnf.    A   fornicatress,  iu3^J   wSniyat^ 

SjL^\i  fdhishat,  ^LjU  fdsikai. 
Forsake,  v.  CS/  turak,jjs^  hffar.      To 

forsake  a  habit,  i?oUI\  J^  tevib  d 

fddat. 
Forswear,  v,  *mJ  kasam,  t— p1/w  ^oia/. 

Fort,  fortress,  «.  ^iJi  ib/^a^,  ^2;<a^  Mm 
(pi.  ^^yo^  AtMfln).    To  retire   to  a 


FOB 


(671) 


FOR 


ib/^«.    The  gate  of  a  fort,  ^bilill  uJo 

Forth  (abroad),  ^^U  khdrij\^\^^%ahi- 

nm.  To  bring  forth  children  0r  joungy 
kZJiii^  wtddat  To  set  forth  (describe), 
j^\  oihar,  i^S>fi^  uHuaf.  To  sally  forth, 
Mjs^hajam.  Forthcoming,^ l>^Ad(^tr. 
To  be  forthcoming,  j^assT  tahaddar. 
From  this  time  forth,  1  J^l^  ^\  ^ 
min  dldfk  waed^tdan,  Jou  t«  ^  fltnd 
ha^d.  And  so  forth,  (VM!^  wMdki. 
Forthright  (in  a  right  line),  Jaaer 
i^ly^  hikhattin  mutawdMH.  Forth- 
with, J  U!l^/lttd/. 

Fortieth,  f^^j^  arhu^n. 
Fortification  (the  science  of  fortifying), 

UAtHn.   A  fortification,  (rampart,  etc.), 
^L:j  httnydn,    A  strong  fortification. 

Fortify,  p.  (make  strong),  4^^  Jtawwa* ; 

(with  ramparts,  etc.),  ^j«a»»  AoMtfn; 

(to  defend,  protect),  ^\^  hdma\ 
Fortified,  ^yos:^  mdhiiin^  t*f^^^  ^*^ 

hoisan,  [ieXs^  tkajd^L 

Fortitude,  ijL*^  jasdrat,  ijLa  aaldhat, 
Fortnight,  «.  ^jMa>p^  Jum^ailn, 
Fortress,  s.     See  Fort,  Fortification. 
Fortnitons,  i<^j^  ^rii,  ^j^  ^adl, 
JU51  itiifaki. 

Fortoitoasly,  liUjf  iitt/dhm. 
Fortunate,  Ju^c.^  sa^d,  i^yt^*^  mat^iid, 

^It  t^.-^ffc-Lg  «aAti  ^/t^,  (Jfi£^  mtfi^- 

M,  C^^icv*  maftilAil^.    The  fortunate 

islands,  fJL^\ji\^\^\jai\  {tjjiM&yer  al 
kmiddt. 
Fortunately,  Ijuujj  Ua»-  Aossan  u^ma^- 


Fortune,   c^^^ki)   iMMli,    tj^^iaT  3ai^, 
^\k   <d/i^.      Good   fortune,    ijliuj 

M^dio^.  Bad  fortune,  L  5<f/^.  A 
man  faYoured  by  fortune,  %1  U?  Ci^^r^Lg 
idMb  idli^  Fortune  (possessions), 
JU  m&l  (pL  iji\y\  amwdl),  ^jjj  rizk 
j^pl*  J^j/  ar%dk).  To  tell  fortunes, 
*ap  najjam.    A  fortune-teller. 


mafm|2;»ffi.  How  many  wretched  persons  do 
not  taste  any  rest !  and  now  many  are  in  Inzmy, 
resting  and  enjoying  themselres  in  the  shade ! 
I  flna  myself  ami^ed  hy  great  trouble,  and 
strange  is  my  condition  and  heavy  is  my  load : 
others  are  happy,  and  enjoy  proeperitY  without 
knowing  what  adyersitv  is.  Fortune  nas  neyer 
for  a  single  day  loaded  any  one  with  a  load 
like  mine :  fortune  has  granted  to  others  to  be 
blest  with  happiness  and  honour  throughout 
the  course  of  life,  as  well  as  with  meat  and 
drink.  All  men  whom  God  hath  created  had 
the  same  origin :  this  man  is  mj  counterpart, 
and  I  am  the  counterpart  of  this  other ;  hut 
between  us  is  a  difference  as  ^reat  as  that 
which  exists  between  wine  and  yine^.  Yes, 
in  saying  this,  I  do  not  murmur  against  Thee, 
0  my  God,  for  Thou  art  wise,  and  with  justice 

Thou  hast  judged,  )b  ^JLJ^  ^  a-O 


JJ. 


JcJl^  lii-jU  ^Is^  ^j  ♦l<^2l^  ^^3 

J/  ■"  ^^ 


*  Jjuu.     Probably  Fortune  will  turn 

her  rein,  and  bring  happiness  and  proaperite ; 
for  Fortune  is  naturally  changeable.  My  ae- 
sires  may  be  crowned  with  success,  ana  my 
wants  satisfied,  and  the  most  happy  eyents 

may  follow  and  replace  adyersity,^^AM£. 


FOXT 


(672) 


FOU 


Forty,  ^jfMj\  arht^ln,  (^^j\  arhi^n. 

Foram,  s.  (public  place),  ^^  J^  middn. 

Forward,  aIjj  kidddm;  |*t«l  amdm; 
(zealous,  warm),  ij^  \__-"-^y»  «£Ai^ 
ghlrat\  (presumptuous),  ji^fL^  muta" 
hawwir;  (impudent),  L>-]b  hUdhayd; 

(premature),  J^^  ^'^h  t)?^  t^^^* 
Forward  fruits,^  hikr^j^  hukur; 
(anterior),  ^iJj  kadim,  aJ^  mukad- 
dam,  J^t  awipal» 
Forward,  i7.  >•  jj  kaddam ;  (despatcli  as 
a  letter),  (^j\  artal;  (to  patronize), 

Forwardly,  Uj^mi  »<irt^an,  «tLs:*\  ^Lc 

Forwardness  (ardour),  ij-^  ghlrat\ 
(quickness),  Izj^  sur^t;  (earliness), 

^J-jKT^  tacfilf  AJuK^  ^jalat. 
Fosse,  «.  (ditch),  JJC^  hhanddk. 
Fossil,  «.  (mineral),  (Jjm^  ma^fianf. 
Foster,  r.  d^lS  huty  ^j  rahhl.     See 

Nurse,    Feed,    Support,    Encourage, 

Educate. 
Fosterer,  ^^^  murahhl. 
Foul  (dirty)  ^/^^  ft^Vs ;  (abominable), 

if 9^  fnakrHhf  ^S  karih;  (wicked), 

xAi  fdsid,  ^JLl  shaki,  ^^^  kdblh, 

*-r^.r*^  »iacy u5 ;  (not  legal),  ^j^jt^- 
ghayr  shar^ ;  (gross,  corrupted),  Juili 
fdiid.  A  foul  action,  ,^l^  J^^x  ^mal 

kahlh.  Foul-faced,  Jii:Ji\  <U^  karlh 
al  manzar.  To  fall  foul  (to  reproach), 
^j   ioahhakh;    (to  come  to  blows), 

lyjLij  taddrabu.  To  run  foul  (to 
dash  together,  as  ships,  etc.),  l^jLoJ 
tasddmu. 

Foul,  V.  jjyk^aT  najJM. 

Fouled,  <^»*2cu«  munajjas. 


Foulness,  i^\a^  najdsat,  ^^  woiokk; 
(villany),  ^Li  kabdhat,  ij\Aj^  akaka- 

wat,  ^lik^  thand^. 
Found  (jMrt.  o^find),  ^^y  mawfud. 
Found  (lay  a  foundation,   etc.),    wJ* 

(jmLiJI   wada^  al  asas,  ^^t^   hmoi; 

(to  build),  ^^  hana\j^9^  ^amtnar; 

(to  establish),  i^^^^n)  nasah. 

Foundation,  «.  ^U:>j  ^nydn,  iJ^cl  ««/, 
(jmLiI  assds.  From  the  foundation, 
(juwLJl^i^  min  al  Oidt,  Making  w 
laying  a  foundation,  (jmLJI  w^j  iMidk« 

a/  asds.  Foundations,  cii^L:L»f  oidsdL 
Charitable  or  eleemosynary  foundations 
(as  colleges,  hospitals,  etc.)^  i-iUJ 
awkdf,  di^UM*^-  hasandL  Fonndatios 
(origin),  J^l  mI,  \Sij\  ibiidd. 

Founded,  jy^J^  ma^Ur,  ^jit^y  mu- 
09908.       Well-founded    (true),     -^^j 

^\Ji\   rdtikh  al  09d8,    ^^Ji^  ^K 

rdsikh  al  arkdn,  ^U^l  ^j;  rdiikh  al 

lunigdn. 
Founder,  s,  (builder),  ciV  ^^**'»  ^Uji^ 

mu^mdr,  u»*^y  muo8su;  (one  from 

whom'   anything  originates),    cJu 

muhdi^. 
Founder,  v.  (sink  as  a  ship),  j 
Foundry,  ».  <^^-— r  nuuhak. 
Foundling,  $.  kJS  ^i^f^ 
Fountain,  *.  ^J^  ^ayn  (pi.  ^^  t^y*"'' 

«^^Jm«  manba^,  &  ^*:j  ya9i&a^(pl.^^l:i^ 

ytfiidMc.);  (a  jet  or  spout  of  water), 
^l^  jLm»  «M(^t9An  ;  (original,  first 
cause),  JmpI  a«/,  Im^x^  monahd,  \j>^ 
tnuhdd.  The  fountain  of  life, 
^L^l  ^oyw  a/  hogdh. 
Four,  £ujl  orha^.    The  spaoe  of  four 

years,  ^^;::>:mi  ijUj\  arbo^t  sinln.     The 


PRA 


(673) 


FEA 


space  of  four  monihB,j^\  Isuj^  arha^at 
ashhur.     The  space  of  four  days,  ^j\ 

^\j\arha^iayffdm,  Eoor-sqaare,  w^ 
murabha^.  A  foor-sqoare  figare;  4^^ 
^^y  thaUtarhl^,  Foor-fold,  i^j\ 
i^\xj\arha^aiad^df.  Thefoorqaarten 
of  the  world,  ij^L^\  c\jj\  isOj\  or- 

ha-M  arhd^  dl  maskUfuiL  Fourscore, 
^j^\aj  samdnin.  Four  hundred,  ^^1 

HA^  arha^  mdyat.  Four  thousand, 
uJ^l  iMj\  arha^ai  aldf» 

Fourteenth, ^^Aif  ^\j  rdhi^  ^har. 

Fourth,  s»  wjU  rdhi^,  omSj  rdht^L     A 

fourth  part,  ^j  rub^ 

Fourthly,  \x)\j  rdhi^an. 

Fowl,  s.jJb  tayr. 

Fowl,  v,jy2a  Ju^  tasayyad  iuyUr, 

Fowler, «.  JIL0  8ayydd,j^Ai\ju^  sayydd 

attwfur.  Then  she  entered  that  palace  and 
took  a  Tiev  of  its  paintings,  and  saw  the  birds, 

the  fowler,  and  the  pigeons,  li^^L^J  ^ 

Fox,  «•  u,.^U)  sa^ldb  (pi.  v.^Uj  9a^d' 
lib).  A  fox-hunter,  L^^Jjdlt  jL^ 
aaydd  asia^lab. 

Fraction,^«u^  koir.  Fractions  of  integral 
numbers,  JJuJ1j|^m^  kiuur  al  ^adad. 

Fracture,  ij^  kawat.  To  set  or  con- 
solidate a  fracture,  y<c^y((»dW. 

Fracture,  v,jt*S  koior. 

Fragile,  jm(\^  munkaifr. 

FragiUty,  dS\jJ  nazdkat,  jlXHl  Uj\j 
kdbHiyat  al  inkiidr.    See  Frailty. 

Fragment,  «.  i^  hawat. 

Fragrance,  l-.^  lib,  ^^fawhf)ae.  ^utr^ 

iJ^  nafhU  (pL  iJL^^  nafhdt).  To 
diffuse  fragrance,  ^   na/ah. 


^V 


''•J^^ 


Fragrant,  JbM^  ma^attar.  And  I  became 
immersed  in  sleep,  enjoying  that  sweet  zephyr 

and  the  fragrant  odours.  c^ycL«j^  jj^ 

Fragrantly,  \a::^3  fdyhan. 

Frail,  <Jli/3»f,  J^jip^  tO**  *^^\  ''^®"'" 
f£7d/,  c,ajtr4>  da^ffj^S^^  muniasir.  A 
frail,  Jt:>^J  suin^!/. 

Frailness  (frailty),  Ui  /anS,  t^cJ  ducf. 
Human  frailty,  I3  JLJt  i/uJti\  cam 
du^  al  tahUat  al  bashariyat. 

Frame,  r.  (make),  J^/*^  ^mal,  ^ji^ 
waffak\  (join,  adapt,  fit),  (J^f*  See 
Make,  Compose,  Form,  Settle,  Contrive, 
Plan,  Fabricate,  Invent. 

Frame,  '-J^^^  barwdz.   Frame  of  mind, 

Jb\^\  JU-  hdl  al  khdtir;  (a  mould), 

^^\jkdUb;  (aborder),£*^U-  AdsAi'ya^. 

Framer,  *.  (JV  bdnl,  J>£\p^  jd^U. 

France,  ^Uj|^  ^/-dn<a. 

Franchise,  »UU^  mu&d/dA.  To  enfran- 
chise, »\iU^  ^L^t«  manaAaAo  mu^d/dA. 

Frangible.     See  Fragile,  Brittle. 

Frank  (liberal),  ^^  karlm,  ,*^  9akhi ; 

(open,  sincere),  ^^^^LsT*  mukhlii, 

Frank  (liberally),  Uj^  kariman,  Jio 
jjlsr*    3iito^    sakbdwai;    (sincerely), 

I^Jlst^  mukhlisany  ^a^^a^  J^   hikol 

hakikat. 
Frankness  (generosity),  M^karam^  i^Kir^ 

sakhdwat;  (sincerity),  ^1>-1  ikhlds. 
Frantic,  m^jm,^  mtuaraam,  ^y^^  ffMJ' 

nun;  (enraged),  L^ydi. ghadub. 
Fraternal,  ^f»^\  akhawi.    Fraternally, 

^\^i\  Jl^  misl  al  akhwdn. 
Fraternity,   iiy>\    akhwiyat,    i\^\yt 

muwdkhdL 
Fratricide,  i\^\  JiM  kdtil  akhdh. 

43 


FBE 


(674) 


PBE 


Fraad  (fraudnlence),  ^  mukr^  itod^ 
ihadi^,  jijj^   tatwHr^  ^Ju>>  hUat^ 

Fraudfuly  fraudolent,  j\L«  mdkk&Tfj^j^. 
Praudukntly,  IL^lj  hH  hllaU 
Fraught  (fall  stored),  ^ysi^  nuuhhUn; 

(laden),  J^**^^  mahmuL  [Fight. 
Fray.  See  Brawl,  Boil,  Battle,  Duel, 
Freak,  freakishness,  JUsL  khiffdl,  ^ 

wahm. 
Freakish,  ^^j^j  wahnil,  l^W^  thiffiJi, 

See  Capricioasziess,  Whimsical. 
Free  (not  a  slaye,  at  liberty),  ^^  hurr, 

j^j»-\  dhrdr  (fern,  ij^  hurrtU) ;  (guilt- 
less),  ijji    hari\   (permitted),    J)U. 

haldlf    \j^s>'j^    murakhkhat;    (open, 
ingenuous),    Jjl^   tddik;    (common, 
public),  /«l£  ^dm,  (^Y^A  ^mikmf  vI^luL* 
mtuhdrah,  {iSj^JL^  mmhtwak. 
Free,  r.  (set  at  liberty),  ^^\  atlak, 

Free -hooter,  «.     See  Bobber,  Plunderer. 
Free-born,  J^Ht^  hurr  al  otL 
Free-cost,  ^js>-^  hild  kharf, 
Freedman,  t.  fjtfi>^  ^atik  (fern.  Ja^^ 

^atlkai). 
Freedom,  hj^^  hurriat,  ^Jsx.  ^atk. 

Freely  (at  liberty),  ijj?-  Ji>  Hkol 
hurriat;  (without  restraint),  ^^l^ 
U^\^  hit  taw^  ul  ridd. 

Freeman,  9.j^  hurr. 

Freeze,  v.  jJi^  jammad\  (to  be  frozen), 
dkAJsf\  injamad. 

Freight,  v,  (load  a  ship),  c--^^  (J^^ 
wasak  fnarkah ;  (to  let  out  a  ship  for 
hire),  ^^^^  Jj^  kdwal  markab. 

Freight  (cargo),  dA^^  woikai ;  (the  price 
paid  for  shipping  goods),  ^jSy  nawlun. 


A  freighted  ship,  J^U^  S-'-'V*  ^"^^^ 
mukdtodt,  [jtdtci. 

French  or  a  Frenchman,  4/^^««*^  ^hm- 

Frenzy,  ^^^  jtmHn,  jX^  Mndai. 
The  frenzy  of  love,  ^JJSitjiS  ^y>>- 
Juniln  al  ^hk.  Frenetic.  See  IVantie. 

Frequency  (often  happening),  ij^kaarai^ 
j\Jj  tihrdr.  Frequency,  freqneuee 
(conoourse),^^^  f*^  Z""*^  IcAr. 

Frequent,  JJ^  mutaraddtd^  t^^^J^ 
koilr  al  wakHL^j^^  mukarrar. 

Frequent,  v.  (visit  often),  jJt»\£.  ^citAcr» 


^Jue  Jft>^  taraddad  ^M.  To  be  fre- 
quent (happen  often),  ijJi^j\y\  ^^^a^- 
hatal  amrdr  koHrat ;  (to  be  namerons), 
ji^  keier.  A  place  which  one  fre- 
quents, ^)Jo^  J^=^  mahaU  mairid. 

Frequenter,  «.  ^A^  J  J^  muimrmdHi 
^ala\ 

Frequently,  {Zj\iyl\j^\  akiar  al  mpkdiy 

ij^  j\j^\  amrdr  koHrai,     l^ow  the 

daughter  of  that  King  lored  that  idol;  ibe 
Died  to  adore  it  rery  frequently,  and  was 

assiduous  in  her  worship  of  it,  vr^^« 

Fresh  (cool),  J«b  3dnJ;  (green,  on- 
faded),    ij\j    tdsa,   ^^Jb  tori,   ^_'^j 

ratih;  (new),  JjJ^jadld;  (vigorous^ 
^^y    kawl ;    (fasting),    ^A^    adyim. 

Fresh  water  (not  salt),  ^i^-t*  md  halu. 
A  fresh  egg,  ij\j  ^Lo*^  hay  da  tdaa. 
Freshen,  v.  (make  fresh),  ajlj  ^J^twc  ^mm/ 

Freshness,  i^]Jo  tardwai;  (coolness),  i^ 

Fret,  9,  (on  the  finger-board  of  a  guitar, 

etc.),  <U*^..^  malnuuat;  (fennentatioA 

of  liquors),^;«Aa^  takhmlr;  (agitation 

of  mind),  i^\Ja^\  idtirdb. 


TBI 


(675) 


FBI 


Fret,  V.  (make  angry),  c^^'^r  ghtddah ; 
(to  be  angrj),  u,.^>fflr.  gh§ithi  (to  be 
worn),  wUaj  toMta^;  (to  eat  airay), 

J^l  Ab/,  fj^  lakoi.    To  fivt  (as 
liqaors),  j^^s^s^A  iihtamar. 
Fretful,  ^yA&  ghadikb,  UyvaiJ!^^ 

FretfoUj,  c^];la^b  It  idtirdh,  ''Lai 
ghadaban,  ^i,,  ^rit>  hi  ghadabin. 

Fretfolness,  i^^..w3£  yAoifoa,  ^^1^1 
idtirdh,  ^  y^wi. 

Friable,  (jlLJb  AmA. 
Friability,  ^LuJb  JIm^«^, 
Friar,  «.  c.^\;  rd^tS. 
Friction,  C<9-  Aaifc,   tULLssT  tahtlk, 
fjljij  tafiik,  s^yu  iamrikh. 

Friday,  ^UmjctI  a^  gawm  qffum^i. 

Fried,  ^Jla^  mukli. 

Friend,  t,  k— >%s-^  mtiAtii,  y-^^'v-  ^13, 
JUij  fw/l*,  Ji Jup  toift^,  J-U.  khahl, 
V— >%>'l^  fdAtJ.  A  sincere  friend, 
j^jL  c,.^^r^  muhib  tddikf  y^-^*^ 
(^;Jl^  mtiM  SHfifcA/M.  An  old  friend, 
^Ji  Sm^^^>-\^  idhih  kadlm,     A  dear 

friend,  'j  \c  ^.^.^-Ug  fdAti  coi^.     A 

fEilse  friend,  c^  jl^  v,..^-«»-L0  fdAt^Jtoi  »5. 

When  my  wealth  iaileth,  no  friend  aasiiteth 
me  ;  but  when  it  aboundeth,  all  men  are  mj 
friends.  How  many  enemies,  for  the  lake  of 
wealth,  have  consorted  with  me !  and  my  com- 
panion, in  the  time  of  want,  hath  abandoned 

■a  •• 

joi  jjx  ^^j^U^  ^^i-^U  JU11  JjJ 

JIU.  JUJl 

Friendless,  -^^^s^^^  muhtdj,  ^jAL*  mufiii. 

SeeDestitate,  Helple88,Poor,'Wretched. 
Friendly,  ^Usr^  Umuhahhaif  ^\j^  jLi 

btiol  tad&kat,  L^^^  Jiu  hikol  stMat. 
Friendsbip,  <Ucr^  muhabbat,  i^y  mu- 


waddaif  !i\xa  »addkai.  Intimate 
friendship,  iii\  td/at,  jlsrt  ittih&d, 
Matual  and  sincere  friendship,  iJ  oLo^ 
mmddakaty  iAKss^  mukhdla$at^  L>sr^ 
i^j^JL^  mnhMat  muthtarakat,  JUUl^ 
muid/at,  dJLA^JjjB^  muhabbat  hakl-- 
bat. 

Frigate,  t.  ij\^ji  fregdta. 

^nghty  J^  hawl^  uJ^  khawf. 

Frighten,  v,  ujj.^  khawwaf^  H-^J 
ra^^.     Bee  Terrify.      Frightened, 

mukhawufaf.      And  she  was 


htened  and  alarmed  at  him,  and  the  paper 
from  her  as  she  went  forth  from  the  door 

in  alarm,  cL>%<uy  ^U^  us>-csfJJl  JJ^ 


u\ 


cT* 


mukhaf.    A  frightful 
'J  uHifh  tnuhul. 

;.  JC  hikol 


Frightful,  «. 

figure,  J^ 
Frightfully,  ^^j\^^ 

khawfin  wa  irti^dsh, 
Frightfolness,  uJ^  khawf. 
Frigid  (without  warmth),   J^b   bdrid; 

(nnaffectionate),  £L^\  m^jx.  ^adlm  ul 

muhahbctt.  Frigid  in  constitution,  J;b 
^1^1  bdrid  at  mitdj. 

Frigidity,  frigidness  (want  of  heat),  i*^jji 
burHdat;  (want  of  affection),  Z^s^  aS& 

^adam  muhabbat ;  (frigidity  of  consti- 
tution), ^^f  i^^ji  burHdat  al  migdj\ 

Frigidly  (coldly),  irj^y  Ji^  hikol  bum- 
dot;  (unaffectionately),  i^^s^j^  ^ 
min  ghagr  muhabbat ;  (impotently), 
ij^j!^  ^  m^  ghagr  kUwat. 

P^ringe,  ^JlLuS  kashkash.  The  fringes 
of  a  head-dress  (also  round  garments), 
CL^lSlsr*  aqfdkdt. 

Fringe,  r.  d^UUr'  J^x  ^amal  $ajdkdt. 

Fringed,  (jJfi*^  mutajfak. 


FRO 


(676) 


FRO 


V  ha- 


Frippery  (old  clothes), 

wdyej  ^tdk. 
Frisk,  r.  la}  nattj  jXi  kama^ 
Friskiness,  i^Lirul  ibtisdtn,  ^^f^\  ibiihdj, 

^jsfarah.     Bee  Chdety,  livelinees. 

Frisky,  ^J<^^  farhan, jfjif***^  matrilr. 
Frith,  8,  (of  the  8ea),jli^  hilghdz.  See 

Straits. 
Fritter,  #.  ^^J^  ijt^  t^fi*^  mukll. 
Fritter,  v.     See  Mince,  Crumble. 
FriyoloQS,  ^JiJL^lj  hda  ma^\    JJ^b 

hdtil. 
Frivolously,  (J^V#^y^  hinaw^n  hdtQ. 
Frivolousness,  ^Ji^^  btUldn, 
Frizzle,  v.^kmJI  ilfyi^  ka^ioak  tuhsha^. 
Frock,  s,  C^\ji/rdk.  [^dafadi^. 

Frock,    s.  ^JJL^    dafda^  (pi.    cjUj 

Frolic,  *.  —  L*  moiA,  -ffT/f*  tahrfj\  (frolic- 
some), ^ytj  ha%hiUh,  yjs^**^  mwkhin, 
r:j^  Muharrij. 

From,  ^  ^OM,  ^  tnin.  From  me, 
jj^ft  caimf,  ^^i^  mmni.     From  thee, 

CC*^  minnak,  (iXve-  cannak.  From 
him,  ^L:w«  mtmi^,  ^^:x  ^annaAo.  From 
her,  l^  tninkd,  l^xc  ^aitAa.   From  us, 

IL«  mmnd,  He  ^nnd.  From  you,  ^^^1:^ 

mm^tfrn,  Jo>£  ^nkum.    From  them, 

^»f^  minhunif   ^»^    ^anAum.     From 

another,  2r^  ^  mm  ghayraho.  From 
fill   antiquity,    a^Jj  jj^    mtn  kadfm. 

From  all  eternity,  Jjl^  ^  tnin  alazal. 
From  the  beginning,  \sxji\  ^^  min  al 
ibtidd.  From  top  to  bottom,  {j^^^\  ^ 
c^^^l  _l\   mt'n  arrd9  %la^  al  ^kh. 

From  infancy,  XJ^aLII  ^j^  mm  attifu' 
liyat.  From  that  time,  CX!  J  ^^ 
^^jj^  mm  sa/t'A  atsMtndn,  From 
wi^ming  till  evening,     Jl  ^'--J'  ^j^ 


LiM^il  mm  auahdh  Ha*  abnaad.  From 
remote  ancestry,  ^J^  ^  M  o&Aaii  cm 

jiddm.  From  day  to  day,  ^\  ^^  ^^ 
^^  mm  yawm  tTo*  yatom.  From  above, 
^  J  ^  mtin  /airA.  From  below,  ^^ 
Viiu^ar  mm  iM,  From  without,  ^w« 
^jli^t  min  alkhdrij.  From  within, 
Jf^-lj  ^^  mm  ddkhU.  Prom  a£ir, 
Jlju  jj.^  mm  3a&fii. 

Front,  V.  (forehead,  q,  v.\  j^;--^  johin, 
^Lf^  jabhat.  The  front  or  fore  part 
(of  anything),  /^\*y3  kuddm.  The  froDt 
of  an  army,  ^^Ai^jpf  X«  J^  miukaida- 
mat  qjjfayih,  ^^ti\  ^\j3  kuddm  al 
^askar.  The  front  of  a  buildiBg, 
^UjiII  i^^  fffofh  al  ^mdrat.  In  the 
front,  (JjVa^  mukdhH,  a\jJ  kuddm.  k 
front  and  rear,  u,ol"w^/»^Ji  ^^  m» 
kuddm  wa  kluUf.  Having  a  bold  front 
(impudent),  J^  tcakih.  Front  to  frtmu 
JjIL«  mukdbil. 

Front,  V,  (confront,  of^pose),  JjU  kdhi. 
To  stand  in  front,  J^liU  Jm  kazoi 
mukdbil. 

Frontier,  «•  .X^  had  (pi.  J^Jo^  hudud^. 
Beyond  the  frontiers,  J^«X^1  U^  inifd 
a/  hudud. 

Frontispiece, s.  c^U^  /«^ oi  kuddm albdh 

^jUjJI  ^b»-^  fro; A  a/  ^mdrat.  The 
frontispiece,  title,  etc.  to  a  book  or  let- 
ter (which  in  the  East  are  in  general 
highly  ornamented),  ^y^  ^nwcii, 
^^LjJ  dlbdjat. 

Frontlet,  9.  ^j^^^  iLoe  ^asbat  aj^'aMM, 
Afront8tall(of  abridle),  jLlU  hdMid. 
See  Headstall. 

Frost,  jJ^  jahd. 

Froth,  i^j  raghwat   The  froth  <^r  acuic 


PRU 


(677) 


FUL 


which  runs  over  a  boiling  pot,  ^lik 

tafdhatf  ijsic  tafinU. 
Froward,  c,,>^f.  i^hadui,  u^Ar;,^  trnd- 

kaUib,  Ju:x  conld,  jJjJL  ihaflr. 
Frowardness,    i^^»ne^    ghadah,    u^^Jlaj 

taiaUub,  ^^!  J^  raddwat,  jlxc  ^ndd. 
Frown.  «•  i  iMi*^  cobaa* 


Frown,  3.  A.,Mir  ^ahsai.  [^oiiU. 

Frowningly,  ait;.  ^/M^fC  /^^  ^*  wqfhin 

Frozen,  iVi^^l^  munjamid. 

FnictiferonB,  fractnonsy  frugiferou8,^.4i/t 
mu8mir,j^\i  sdm(r.  To  fructify,  j^\ 
iumar ;  to  bear  fruity  j\aj\  J^i^  hamal 
asmdr,  [mu^tadih 

Frugal,  J^  JuJb)  %ahld  ul  aU,  J  J&x^ 

Frugally,  t— iu^y  Jij  ]^i^/  ^a^A«^/. 
Frugality,  J^l  if jU^  saAdd^^  iJ  akl. 

Fruit  (product  of  a  tree,  etc.)  j^  8amr, 

5j^  samarat,  i^\3  fdkihat  (pi.  i^\^ 

fawdkt) ;  (advantage),  ^a3  no/'^,  if*x^^ 

fdyidat,  ijd:^   manfa^at  (pL   «JL^ 

TTkind/S^),    ifjU:u^f   Utifddat*     Fruits, 

j\aj\  tumdr.     And  there  were  in  the 

island  frnitB  in  abundance,  and  eprin^  of  fresh 
water.  I  therefore  ate  of  those  fruits ;  and  I 
ceased  not  to  continue  in  this  state  for  many 

days  and  nights,  i^\^  ^jij^^  »V  \J^y 

^JJ^  Jlc  Jjl  ^j  ^^\^\  C^  ^  J^t 

Fruitage  (fruits  of  rarious  kinds),  ^Uj\ 
kryT»^  atmdr  muianatowi^t. 

Fruiterer,  «.  ^ty  cllj  hayyd^fawdJci, 

Fruitful,  y4l«  fmimttir. 

Fruitfully,  ij^ j\Aj\ihi  tumdrin  kaArat. 

Fruitfulness,  ^L^jI  umdr. 
Fruition,  s^jou  tatarrafy  wcJ  tana^i^um, 
tamaitu^  i!La\y  muwdsilat. 


TrmiimBfjAt^j^  ghayr  nmsmir ;  (with- 
out advantage),  JMU^  h  hUd  manfa^tj 
lSi\jii  hild  fdyidat,  Jh\i  hdtil 

Fruitlessly,  itb  hdtUan,  J^\j^  ^^ 
min  ghayr  atmdr,  ijJtJ  ^^^^  m*^  dun 
tamarat.  [tumn. 

Fruit-time,  uJj^^l  alkharif.    See  Au- 

Fruit-tree,  «•  ij^i^L^  iyS^  tajarat  tnus- 

m  A 

mirat  (vulg.  for  ^^j^)* 

Frustrate,  v.  ^j>-  haram,  c,^^  khayyah, 

Jikfi^  kKoMol,   See  Disappoint,  Defeat, 
Baulk.  [makkzuL 

Frustrated,    (*^j^^    mahtHm,    J^j^sr^ 

Fry,  V.  ^^  kola*. 

Frying,  t.  lAsJ  takliyaf,  ,Jj  kail. 

Frying-pan,  ^^i^-U?  tdjin,  f^iS^  mukldye, 

^^A^  mukla\ 
Fuddle,  V.  (make  drunk),  iLil  atkar; 

(to  be  drunk),  ^^^  tek&r* 
Fuddled,  ^]/^  aakrdn.     See  Drunk. 
Fuel  (for  fire),.  4JL>-  hurdkaL 
Fugitive,  ^jC  coridi,  ^::^\jj^  ghayr 

mm 

tdhai.     See  also  Yolatile,  Unsteady, 

Wandering. 
Fugitive,  «.  i/;|/*  firdri.   See  Deserter, 
Fugitiveness,  (J:.^L2J1  mJ^  ^adam  ossahdL 

See  Volatility,  Instability,  Uncertainty. 
Fulfil,  V.  (accomplish),  ^^  tammam ;  (to 

fill  full),  Jis.  ^ahha\ 

Fulfilled  (completed),  ^^as^  mutammam ; 


(fiUed  fuU,   full  fraught), 

mumtali. 

Fulfilling,  jMir^.  ^X^^  mumll,  [dour. 
Fulgency,  fiilg^dity,  fulgour.  See  Splen- 
Fulgent,  fulgid.  See  Shining,  Glittering. 
Full,  ^JLt  maldn,  ^^J::^^^  mumtalU  Full, 

full-fed  (saturated  with  meat  or  drink), 
^U-w2»  $hab^dn.     Full  weight,  J^''^ 


FUM 


(678) 


FUB 


^jjlf  iamil  al  warn.  To  be  too  fall 
and  overflowing,  J^  U/eJL  Full  of 
flesh,  ^^^^^^•'^  samin.  Fall  of  wisdom, 
^uX».  ^Jjm»^  munUah  hikmtft.  Il  heart 
full  of  envy,  f  Jmm>-  ,«Ix4m«  Li-Ji  itf^ 
mumtall  htMtdan.  The  ftill  moon,  j#4i 
i«UJ  ^mor  iamdmf  jS»  hadr.     The 

fiiU  of  the  moon,  j^\  /»UJ  tamdm  al 
kamar.  They  found  in  it  «]m>  chests  fnU  of 
red,  yellow,  and  white  brocadee,  \y*^^^ 

Fuller,  i.J^  kaasdr.    The  filler's  art, 

Sj\0ai  ktf&rat. 
Fully,  JLKIU  M  hMi^^\^\AJ  tam&^ 

man,  ilj^jmiaUm,  ^Uslli  hittamSimj 
^J^^aSjjfX.  ^^  tnin  ghayr  noUdn.  See 
Wholly,  Totally,  Entirely,  Directly, 
Exactly. 
Fulminate,  v.  fjji  iarak. 

FulminatioQ,  JU^\  imhi^L 
Fulminatory,  fulminant,  jy^^  mmbrik. 
Fulness,'  SL/t^  imitld,  -.Ut  tifdh\  (re- 
pletion),   ^JU   ihaba^\    (largeness), 

<U«d  #^a^;  (abundance),  iF^j  wafrai. 
Fulness  of  flesh,  Jl«Ly^ /Mdma^,  ^« 


Fulsome  (nauseous),  ^^r^rs^  ghtkyr 
murdf,  ^^yJUj^  ghayr  makbul,  ^^^^ 
mahirikh\  (obecene),  ^jm^U/sAwA. 

Fulsomeness  (oauseousness),  )^J\  ihrdh ; 
(obscenity),  ^JUs?  fahtih. 

Fumble,  9.  (attempt  wr  manage  awk« 
wardly),  ij^j^^^^\^^  ^«- 

mal  oMhy  tnin  ghayr  ihaidrat. 
Fumbler,  <.  SjlkuJt  ^J^  ^adim  OBhsha- 

idrat,  [tdrat, 

Fumblingly,  S;lk&  ^Jju  hi  ^adam  sha- 


Fame,  ^^Is^  J  dukkikdn*  See  Fmniga* 
tion.  Smoke,  Yapoar;  Bage. 

Fume,  v.  ^^J  daJMshan,  See  Fumi- 
gate, Smoke,  Dry  in  smoke ;  Bage. 

Fnmigate,  v,  ^j£^4>  dMIthan^j^  Mft- 

khar.  [famed. 

Famigated,^fiCt«  mmhakhkkar.    See  Per- 

Fumigation,  j^ss:U  iahthlr.  A  oenser 
for  fumigations,  5jS^  maibhhmvtm 

Fumitory  (herb),  ^jH^  thahgiraf. 

Function  (office),  X^  Jc^  khtdmat,  i,,^r.^ 
HMfiM^;  (performance),  Ja£  ^mnal; 

(power),  iji  i€Ltaai,  i^Ji  kudrat,  ^uLli 
kdhiliy^si.     See  Faculty,  Duty. 
Fund  (stock,  ci^ital),  JUII^/mV^  rdM  al 

Fundament,   ^/J^\  atdi ;     (backside). 

Fundamental,    I0A  oih,  ^L>^  soda. 

Fundamentally,  LL^^  4M/«^aii,  (jmLJ) ^ 
min  alaid%. 

Funeral,  «•  ij^c^  jandMat\  (burial),  ^J 
dafn,  A  funeral  oration,  funeral  dirge, 
^  Jj  nudbaf,  iU^  mandi.  A  female 
mourner  hired  to  sing  or  cry  atfoneralst 

£)li;  raisdyat,  i^y  nawwaha. 
Fungous,  IXaSA  Ji^  wUil  al  kawtdt. 

Fungus,  «.  iU^  ibfftd/.  [a/  JloM. 

Funicular  (like  a  rope),  J^*  J2l«  mid 
Funnel,  «.  w^i  ^m&. 

Fur,  i^ji  farwat.  The  fur  of  the  mar- 
tin, jyi^  tammUr*  The  for  of  the 
ermine,  (-.^Ir^Ui  nnjdh* 

Furbelow,  b.  (J-sr'  sqfai. 

Furbish,  v.  (polish),  Ja^  ««ibrf. 

Furbished,  J^a^o^  maskul,  ^X^^  mufk\ 
Furbiaher,  iX^  mujh. 
Furfuraneous,  jy*J  dd  laho  JhiiAsr.    See 
Branny,  Husky,  Scaly. 


FUE 


(679) 


QkQ 


Forions  (mad),  ^y^  mqfnUn;  (en- 
raged), ^J>^•^  ghadiiib. 

Forionsly,  ^y^  J^  WW  /rmim,  JG 
^■^«nfl  hikol  ghadab. 

Farioamefls  (madness),  ^j^s^  /tfiAM> 
(rage),  c,.-^>flr'  ghadab. 


Furl,  9.  (a  sul),  ^^\  ^  lam  d  hulA^ 
c  ^t  v^^  tawa*  al  hdn^ 

Farlongh,  «.  (leave  of  absence  from  the 
army),  La:>^j  rukhitU,  ij\pr^  iJ&%aL 

Faroace,  t.  ^j^fumy  ^f\  atHn^jyJ  ian^ 
ftfir.  A  baker's  furnace  or  oven,  j^ 
tanm^r,  jU^l  ^i  Jum  d  khabhdt. 

Famish,  v.  (give,  supply,  provide),  aJj 

fjli\  kaddam  atdtim^  U>-  jahhag ;  (as- 

sist),  JlcLi  fd^oJ;  (to  prepare), yi^i»- 

haddar ;  (to  adorn),  ^j  wnyyan. 
Famished  (given,  supplied,  provided), 
Mi^JUt  mukaddam;  (assisted),  jLcliM/f 

muid^ ;  (prepared),y^s^  muhaddar ; 

(adorned),   ^^ij^    muaaygm;    (as   a 

house),  y^^/^  wnfr^aik* 
Fomisher,  «.  i%JkL«  mwJuMim, 
Furniture,  ^y  fartk.     Household  fbr- 

niture,  c:.^^  CjUI  Mdt  Magt     He 

fiUed  the  seren  palicet  with  everv  kind  of 
magnificent  fumitore  of  lilk,  Ye§selt  of  ^Id 
aod  filver,  nteniUs  of  every  kind  and  ranety 
that  kingi  conld  require,  and  commanded  hu 
danjphter  to  reside  in  each  nalaoe  for  a  certain 
period  of  the  year,  and  tnen  to  remoTe  to 

another  of  them,  ^jy^  ^juJi\  L«^ 

J  ii^\  ^  is^  j^  JS  ^J  jLj 

Foirier,  «.  \^f<i^r&. 
Farrow,  «•  kd^  UmXL 


Furrow,  9.  ^^o:^  J^^  lomal  Wi^^U 
Further,  furthermore,  etc,  Juu^  oi^oi. 

See  Farther. 
Furuncle,  iLI>-  Ao^fta^,  iLl/e  J  dumlaL 
Fury  (madness),  jjy»>-  /i«iifl» ;  (rage), 

\__'n''  ghadab. 
Furze,  Jk»-  hadd. 

Fusible,  fusile,  K^Xm\i  yvmakib* 
FusibiHty,  L^\iLj\  tmikdb,  Jo^J  da- 

wabdn,  ^Wu  Mgdhdn. 
Fusion,  \^Xmt  iokbf  c^^JJ  iadwlb. 
Fustian  (bombast).   Ji*-^  ,%ll^  hOdm 

muikhin* 
Futile,  JlL  iii^^/,  ^JJ^h  hOd  ma^. 
Future,  JJkm^  mustaibH.    The  future 

tense  of  a  verb,  JJ-m^H  ^Uj  samiSii 

iammtakbil,^jld4i\almuddri^.  The 

fiitare,  futurity,  jLfti.1^1  utikbdl.   Be- 
.   longing  to  futurity,  ^La:;.^^  utitbdh, 

Fy,  ^\^Mi^1  attaghfir  allak. 


G. 


G,  in  the  English  language,  has  two  sounds; 

those  of  u^and  ^.   The  hard  sound 

it  generallj  retains  before  a,  o,  m;  as  garment, 
govemoTf  aum.  1 1  is  rarel  y  soft ;  as  gaoL  Be- 
fore e  and  t  is  often  soft ;  as  in  ffem,  ging$r ; 
and  often  hard,  as  in  get^  give.  When  com- 
bined with  A,  it  has  sometimes  the  irregnlar 
sound  of  ff;  as  in  rough,  tough,  {ruf,  tuff), 
the  sound  being  at  other  times  entirely  lost ; 
as  in  though,  through  {the^  thro'). 

Ghtbble,  v»j}j^  t^^s  w^** 

(Jabblei  iUjy  *pm  wazat, 

Oabion,  f.  (basket  filled  with  earth), 

i^\y  J^J  s^^I'  turdb. 
Gktbriel,  \}i^jf^  jabrdyil. 
Ghid,  v.j\j  ddr,  lalfim* 

Gag,  r.  Ji\  ^Haa  k»-  hat  ^uklat  fi 

Gage,  9,  ^j  rahn.    See  Pledge,  Pawn. 


GAL 


(680) 


GAP 


Gage,  V.  ^j  rahan. 

Gaiety,  gayness,  ^jifarah^j^j^  surHr. 

Gaily,  -y  J^  hikol  farah. 

Gain,  ^  na/^,  <Ui^  ma»/b^a^  (pi. 
jjliy«  fnanafi^,  cUiJl  inttfd^,  Sjoli 
fayidat,  <-<;  raW,  c^..^aX«  wa^a^, 
c^luuii^f  iktisdh. 

Gain,  i?.  -<^  r^JM,  l,.^mi^  ^0^. 

Gained,  (-jyuC«  maksub. 

Gainer,  s.  ^Jc.1^  muntqfi^,  ^L^kashdn, 

v^^^li  kd9th,  iiJ^'J  rabhdn. 
Gainful,  Jui^  mu/ld,  ^l)  wo/Jc. 
GainlesB,  S«V.UL  htla  fdyidaU 
Gainsay,  r.  uJlU^  khdlaf,  ^^li  »Si^a/if, 

il}  nakar,  i^taer  J.«x  ^awa/  hikhlaf, 

LjOj\£'  cdrad* 
Gainsayer,  s.   See  Adversary,  Opponent 
Gainst,  Ju0  (7n^.     See  Against. 
Gait  (walk,  air  ^n  walking),  ^^^^\  ^y 

naw^  al  mashl,  [kholinjdn, 

Gkilangal  (a  medicinal  root),  j^l^^ 
Galaxy,  ».  (milky  way),  \am1\  ^S  umm 

assamd. 
Galbanum  (gam),  ^J-lj  US  kand  iOMhk, 

Gale,  i,  (of  wind),  lyb  hawd,  m^umj  nasitn. 

Galiot,  8,  (a  kind  of  swift  sailing  ship), 
^•JU  gdliot. 

Gall  (bile),  \jLc  Bafrd,  ij\j^  mardrat. 

Gallant  (gay,  showy,  well  dressed), 
c, gl(^  mukaUaf,  fc— w^  narif;  (mag- 
nificent), <ulac  Vi.^....^*L0  «aAti(  ^osma^; 
(polite),  c^jI  v,,^fwl.g  «<!At^  a(fa3, 
^lI?c-^i>-Ue  «aA«'8  «ara/&^;  (high- 
spirited,  courageous,  generous),  g^*^ 
shufdc,  fjinj  hatah 

Gallant,  s.  (gay,  splendid  man),  ^>~J^J^ 
zarlfy  fjjAs.  ^shik. 

Gallantly  (gaily,  splendidly),  i«*Ui  Jio 


Ukol  shaamat ;  (generously),  ^J  Jij 

5«j^j  karam. 
Gallantry   (splendour    of    appearance;, 

ii\Jff  zardfat,  i£\jj  ncndkat ;  (nobleness 

of  mind),  J^  gkirat\  (debauchery', 

f  A^  shahtvat. 
Galled     (excoriated),    j^**^    ««^iir; 

(vexed),  (^U<-i&  ghadhdn. 
Gallery,  «.   J^jjj  rwa*,  ^^^^^^  a^fufdi^y 

j^^L4^  marMha\  ^^j^  uaiuwdn. 
Gaiimatia,  ,  ^^x^  <idU  /»K  kaldm  moMo 


mactM  • 


Deservinr 


Gallipot,  a.  ij^f  tnartabdn. 

Gallop,  V.  ^j  ramah.  To  gallop  a  horse, 
Anfl^^  JfL:  9dk  al  kisdn. 

Gallop,  s.  i^^!^j  ramha. 

Galloper,  «.  ^|^  rdmih. 

Gallows,  ALAi^  nuuhnaka. 
the  gallows,  AtL^^H  J^ 
a^  maahnaka. 

Gambler.     See  Gamester,  Cheat. 

Gambol,  v.     See  Dance,  Frisk,  Frolic. 

Game  (sport),  ^.-^  lu^;  (animals 
hunted),  Ju«0  sagd.  To  make  game 
of,  4jPjf-»'  utahsM\ 

Game,  v.  jUilb  w»^  ^^«i  M  kitndr. 

Game-cock,  «.  ^..^aUI  vIXj  J  ^i&  aUaz^h. 

Gamekeeper,  «.  «Xm^\  (jr*^  amin  auayd. 

Gamester,  «.  jUi  l-^-«1  ii^l^  itimar. 

Gaming,  «.  lUill  l^^  /^^^  0^  ihindr. 

Gander,  8.^3  j^  teat  suikar. 

Gang,  8.  i^j  zumrat. 

Gangrene,  i^\  dkile. 

Gaol,  8.  {j^^fS^  kdhs,  ^^^sr*  aajn.  Con- 
fined to  a  gaol,  {jM^^^sr^  piahhus. 

Gaoler,  *.  ^^V^^  hahhda^  (^^^  •<S;a«. 

Gap,  8,  ^jJ^  ahak. 

Gape,  r.  (yawn),  c^^l^  ^*dw«i;  (to 
open  in  fissures), -^jLSi  ahak. 


OAR 


(681) 


GAU 


Graper,  «•  (one  who  opens  his  mouth), 


Grarb,  (^U  lihds,  ^U?  tdUm. 
Garbage,  ^j^'^^  ^JSJis  cofthai  masdrfn; 

(offals),  ZJcS  kundsat.    See  Eubbish, 

Eefnse,  Offal. 
Garble,  r.  Jj^^  gharlal. 
Garbler,  «•  JV j^  ghirhdl. 
Garden,  <•  ^l:^  hustdn.     The  Garden 

of  Eden  or  Paradise,  (jmjJ^I  alfar- 

dawi,  A  garden  house  or  villa, 


masyaf.  And  they  beheld  the  garden,  aboand- 
ing  with  trees  and  rivuletg,  and  saw  the 
saperintendent  ritting  at  the  rate ;  and  they 
saluted  him,  and  he  returned  uieir  salutation, 

Gardener,  «.  (JI:lmJ  hustdni, 

Gargarism  or  gargle,  s,  h^j^  ghargharat. 
To  gargarize  or  gargle  (wash  the 
month  with  medicated  liquors),  j^J'^ 
taghar  ghar. 

Garland,  »,  J-Kl  ihill 

Garlic,  /%y  Hm,    A  clove  of  garlic,  ^ 

Ab^  8in  turn,  Ay!  (jMifj  rds  tUm, 

Garment,  i^U  lihdSf  ^jiJi  libs.  An 
old  or  tattered  garment,  j;Sl5x  ^atdgik, 
Mourning  garments,  j\  s>^  hiddd  And 


soaring  with  me  through  the  air,  alighted  in 
this  phce,  in  which  he  placed  all  things  ne- 
cessary for  me,  such  as  garments,  ornaments, 
linen,  furniture,  food,  dnnk,  and  etery  other 

.  thing,  ^LCJl  IjJb  ^  JjJ^  isij^ 

Oamer,  jLjI  anbdr.     See  Oranarj. 
Garnet,  «.  JjJ  la^.     See  Euby. 
Oamish,  r.  Ui3    naitMom^   ^J  %agyan» 

See  Decorate,  Adorn,  Embellish.  Also 


To  fetter.— Oamish,  garniture.  See 
Ornament,  Decoration. 

Garniture.     See  Enmitare. 

Garrison,  s.  (fortification),  ^uli  hd^at, 
^j»a^  hitn.  Garrison  soldiers,  the 
garrison  of  any  fortified  place,  Jjb\ 
^uUSI  dhl  al  ial^.  The  commander 
of  a  garrison,  ialiSl  lajli  ddhit  al  kal^L 

Garrison,  v,  _3^Uufi  <^^j  wada^  ^ota- 
kirfl. 

Grarrulity.     See  Loquacity,  Prate. 

Garrulous.    See  Talkative,  Loquacious. 

Garter,  $.  jUi  l?Vj  ^^^  ansdk.  To 
garter,  <GL»  lojj  rahat  idkaho. 

Gash,  s.     See  Wound,  Scar,  Cicatrice. 

(rash,  r.  ^^  /tfreiA.    See  Wound,  Cut. 

Gbsp,  i.  \j*JcJ  tanaffiu,  ^^^  nafas. 
The  last  gasp,  ^jmJUj^\  dkhar  nqfoi. 

Gate,  «.  c^b  3dd;  (gate,  gateway,  or 
court),  jljJ  1  c^b  &d3  adddr.  The 
gate  of  a  castle  or  town,  <u1la]1  ^^lJ 
hdh  al  kal^L  An  open  gate,  (^b 
-.yLL«  ^d3  maftuh.  The  Caspian  gates, 

<»«VJ\  <^b  ^d3  a/  a5trd5.  The  fold- 
ing-doors  {aUo  side-posts)  of  a  gate, 
^^^\j0A^  misrd^n.  One  half  of  a 
folding-gate,  ^|/^3/«  misrd^.  To  knock 
at  a  gate,  (-^Uf  ^J^^  dak  al  hdh.  To 
shut  a  gate,  c^Ul  J^Ilc  ghalak  al  hdh. 


To  open  agate,  (-^U1  ^fatah  al  hdh. 


Gather,  v.  (accumulate),  ^-'^^  yomevc  ; 
(to  come  together,  to  be  accumulated), 
wiacri  tnjama^.    To  gather  fiowerB, 

^^  >— alaS  kata/zahr. 
Gatherer,  «.  u^Ij  ildft/,  ^^b>-  jdmi^. 

Gaudily,  iS^Jio  Jij  hikol  zardfat. 

Gaudiness,  Zsl^  tardfaty  h^j  zlnat. 

Ghiudy,  ^^J^ijo  %arif. 

Gauge,  V.  (a  barrel,  etc.),  iJ^*^  (jmIS 


6EH 


(682) 


GSS 


Uffo*  dl  itffMi/.  [Leam* 

Gaimt,  (»J^  ib^l^.  SeeThiiiyMeagrey 
Oaimaety  «.  Jj«X9-  i^y^  hufofJudU. 
Guy   (merry),  Lr^M«^   motoU,    ^^ji 

farhdn* 

QnxBt  V.  Jai  naur.  A  gtoB^  ijaj  naarai. 

A  gazer,  Jl^U  ndstr.  Taj  el  Moliik 
bebdd  liflr,  and  gased  at  her  beantj  and  lore* 

linen,  while  she  knew  it  not,  ^\jj\^ 

Oazelle,  t./  Jt^  ghmalf  il\jk  glua&lah. 

Who  wOl  HLTe  me  from  the  lore  of  a  chamdng 
eazelle,  with  a  face  like  the  ran — naj,  more 
fotely  ?  H J  heart  was  at  eaie,  free  from  lore 
of  her;  hat  now  it  hnmeth  with  paanon  for  the 

daughter  of  Eaaemendel,  i^j^j^js^  ^ 
^   •  ^  ^^^       -  •      ^  %y^ 

Gear.     See  Fnmittue,  Harness,  Stuffl 

Geese,  C^^j)  wanatdL 

Geld,  €.  ^<*d£»^  khasa*. 

Gelding,  «.  (J*^*i^  iiduh. 

Gelt,  ^^'s^  imdiAtf,  ^<^3»-  tAort . 

Gem,  ^^  jawharat  (pi.  ^^^  /M^d- 

Aar).     A  polisher  of  gems,  ^^J^fr 

jcMlhcmjl,    Adorned  with  gem8,^^is^ 

vMiQawhaT^  f^  mtcroMa^.     To  gem, 

at  adorn  with  gems,  w*^  roft a^  •    The 

gem  w  hnd  of  a  tree,  ^^^  ^ojfn  (pi. 

^^   ^tt»).      He  then  took  forth 

from  his  pocket  a  cnse,  written  upon  and 
sealed;  and  he  broke  its  seal  and  scattered  its 


long  emeralds  and  three  hundred  oblong  laree 
jewels,  of  the  size  of  the  eggs  of  the  ostrich. 


hmj 


L^ 


•     w     • 


ilJ^  ^^'  (^  I 


Geminate,  9.    See  Bonhle. 

Gemini  (constellation),  ^jy^\ 
Mj^wad,  \jy^\  ajjannd. 

Gemmeons,^^!  Ji««  mid  aljmmhmr. 

Gender,  ^/tt:>>^jVjMy  ^  imnt^,  m^  kum ; 
(in  grammar),  ^/mJcs)1  «{fHM.  Of  the 
masenline  gender,^  j.^  wnttakhtr.  Of 
the  feminine  gender,  cLJ  V«  muamnMt. 

Gender,  «.  See  Engender,  Frodoee, 
Canae. 

Genealogical,  ^<fMJ  na$ahl. 

Gknealoglst,  u^^ImJ  naudh. 
Genealogy,  J^mJ  natl,  i^^}  moBah  (pL 

c^LwjI  amdh),  ^}J\  a$l  (pL  J^^  «w^i  • 
General  (common),  (^y^  ^mmHtm,  aU 

^dm,   ^jjia/e    muOai,   ^«a9^  JMm^^; 

(summary),  J-^^  mujwud. 
General,  «.  J|/^  general^  *^y^^  u»ij 

rags  qffunUd,  {J*^\  Ju^^  idg^d  i|^{sA, 

(jyub^K^I  omfr  ajjaUh. 
Generalship  (office),  J]/^^  ^^^^  ^^^^^ 

/a/  a/  generSl. 
Generalissimo,  i.\j^i\j^\  amUr  id  wmara. 
Cbnerality,  (^y*^  ^urnUrn,  l^y%x.  ^m- 

mitmigat.     The  generality  or  bnlk  of 

the  people,  i»U!1  al^dm,  dUUll  o/^dsi- 

Generally(aniversaUy),  K^yAS'  ^umikmta^ 

ii^  kdfatan,  ^U  ^maiam, 

M  killigai,  !Aaj^\{  h^^umlai, 

jumhOan,  Jiis'iS  ^  ^M  al  itldi, 


GEN 


(683) 


GM 


(^y^\  ^y  Uwqfh  ti  ^mifim;  (£re« 

qaentlj),  i^  iZj\j0^  marrdt  luuflrai; 
(without  exception  or  specification)! 

mm  ghayr  iacf^nm 
Generalship,   ij^  ioirati  (generality), 

Generate,  v.  d^Jtlj  tcnUai.  See  Cause, 
Create,  Propagate. 

Generated,  *^^y  mawl^d,  Jiy  muwalUd, 
^firy  nawfiid.    See  Produced. 

Generation  (begetting),  jJ^  iatoM,  iSi^ 
walddat;  (race),  ^\  ad  (pi.  J^l 
uriil}^  c^'iiMi  fMM^  (pi.  c^ImJI  anidh\ 
dJuJ  ioMM  (pL  JjLS  kabdyH), 
(progeny),  ^JmJ  hmZ  (pL  jLjl  aiMd/), 

f>jj  wurtlat  (pi.  <^l^^j(i  sttrrld^) ;  (an 
age),y«afi  ^«r  (pi.  ^lioe^  a^«dr),^J 
dahr  (pi.  ji^i^  <^4r).    Prom  genera- 

tion  to  generation,  ^a>-  ^  yi  oiitfti 

^an  jiddin. 
Generative,  generant,  jl^  muwaUid. 
Generator,  Si\y  wdlid,  jJ^  muwaUid. 
Generetio,  generioal,  ^  ^^^^  /MMi*     A 


generic  noun  or  name,  ^^uJL^I  wl  im 

aljmg. 
Generically,  Um*:^ /tipMtyfifi. 
Generosity  (generousness),    a^  tartnUf 

i  J^  judat.   No  union  can  be  e£fected 

between  eeneroiity  and  stingineis,  so  tbat  the 
one  may  be  aceoanted  a  lizard  and  the  other  a 

whale,  \as^\  ^^;aAj  jJ  J^oJlj  ^}ye\ 


If  I  be  pofloeflsed  of  wealth  and  be  not  liberal, 
may  my  hand  never  be  extended  nor  my  foot 
raised.     Show  me  the  araricioni  who  hath* 
attained  glory  by  his  ayariee,  and  the  muni- 
ficent who  has  died  throagh  his  generosity, 


Generous  (munificent),  O^^  jawwdd, 
M^  larimf  ^^kr^  takhl,  (^J^^  muia- 
iarrim.  Generous  actions,  a^^  nui' 
Idrivu 

Generously,  J^lsr'4j^  hikol  $akhdwaL 

The  man  who  purchased  me  is  a  great  kine,  and 
a  man  of  great  wisdom,  generons,  and  of  the  ut- 
most liberality.  He  has  treated  me  with  great 
honour;  he  is  distingoished  and  animated  by  the 
most  noble  feelings,  and  is  possessed  of  great 

Genesis,  ^y^*  See  Qeneratiou. — (the 
first  book  of  Moses),  ^/^ll  i^\s^kitdh 
al  tahoHn. 

Genitive  (case,  sign  of),  Ij\jS  idd/ai.  A 
noun  in  the  genitive  case,  ^\  (.^Li« 
muddf  ilayhi,  A  noun  governing  ia 
genitive  case,  uJL^  mitddf. 

Genius,  ij^  fHnU^  -p.U/s  mtMdj^  ^^hi^ 
Ubl^ai;  (mental  fisusulties),  ^jX^  ify 
k&wat  mudrikai,  cJ\ji2\  idrdk,  ^J 
%ihn,  ij^J  nakdivai.  A  genius  (man 
of  superior  abilities),  \S^\jJ\  ^^'^\^ 
idhib  idrdk,  ^J  wJA. 

Genteel,     ^jLU    lattf,    ^Jo    %ari/, 

iLjLljt  idhib  insdnii^at. 

Genteelly,  ^IL!  J^  Mtol  latdfat. 

Genteelness,  ^\jj  nandlat,  iiM  laid/at, 
i3\JiffUirdfiU^LmfC^  adah.  See  Elegance. 
Gentian  (plant),  \j\Jia:^  jmtldnd. 

Gentile  (Pagan),  _^^  iffosani. 

Gentility  (of  birth),  J^l  asl,  uJ^  aharaf. 

Gentie  (soft,  tame,  mild),  aJl.*  iolim 


GEO 


(684) 


OID 


tiOjVrl  latlf,  AjLw  haltm;  well-bom, 
v^j^  sharlf,  ij^\  atilf  i^^my^  nqfih. 

Gentleman,  i.  ^— aj  Ji»  sharif.  Gentle- 
manly, gentlemanlike,  uJj  J^  i^yi  ^^ 
wajhin  shar^f. 

Gentleness  (of  birth).  See  (Gentility. — 
(softness  of  manners),  (^jl  aib. 

Gentlewoman,  <.  ^^^  khatUn, 

Gently  (tenderly,  meekly),  &i^  J^ 
htkol    tha/akat;    (smoothly,    without 

violence),  \sjjjrawaifdan,  t^mahlan, 
4J^     If  ^o/tf'  ma^^f ».  [oihrdf. 

Gentry,    i^l^Hfj  ^LcSf   ah^an  wdl 
Genuflexion,  ^  ^  rt<^^*  See  Kneeling, 

Adoration. 
Genuine,  ^lfi>.  kkdlUt  'f^  laklh.  See 

Pure,  Neat,  True. 
Genuineness,  ^^^  khtdus,  i^  sahhut. 
Genus,  ^/u:»^jifM,  &  y  naw^.  See  Kind. 
Geodsesia     (measuring     surfaces).    Jut 

Geographer,  JU\  tlksL  khaUdt  al  Mad. 
Gfeographical,    jLI\  m^j  (^aa^  yukhui 

ratm  al  hUdd. 
Geography,^^Sl  ^j  rasm  alard,\^\j^jp^ 

geografld, 
Geomancer,  ».  Jt^  rammdl.     See  For- 

tune-teUer. 
Geomancy,  J-^1  Ac  ^tlni  arraml. 
Geometer,  geometrician,  s.  ^^MJOf^  mu- 

handiSf    fjoji\  ^w«    nuusdh  al  ard, 
masadh. 


Geometral,      geometrical,       geometric, 
^^Jjjb  handatH,  <U>rfJ>:.Jb  handastt/at. 

Geometry,  Lj4XJ^  handasat,  i^dj^\  Jx 

^t/m  a/  handasat, 
George,  {j^t^js^-  Georges, 
Georgia  (province),  f^\s>4MS>-j^  KUfjutdn. 
Georgian,  ^j>'j^  Kurjl. 


Germinate,  r.  ^J^  ^oyyan^  u:>w  »aM. 
See  Sprout,  Bud,  Shoot 

Gresticulate,  v.  ^y  wama\  i2J^j>-f^j^ 
^tnal  harakdL  [hartMt). 

Gesture,   ^^    harakat,    (pi.    C^l^y*- 

Get,  9.  (acquire),  f^^a^^  hassal;  (to 
^8®^)»  J>^^  iandsal.  To  get  otci 
(oTercome),  L^^,r  ghdlab.  To  get  (or 
cross)  over,  j*^  ^abar,  j^  mar.     To 

get  up  (from  a  seat),  aU  ham*  To  get 
acquainted,  k^jS,  ^arraf.  To  get  by 
heart,  lai^  Atf/fli,  v-^li  ^j;C  Jju  fa- 
^aUam  ^an  ghdyih. 

(Jetting,  parL  ^^ajs^  muhassil^  See 
Acquisition,  Gain,  Profit* 

Gewgaw,  «.     See  Bubble,  Toy,  Trifle. 

Ghastliness  (paleness),  jU*^  safir. 

Ghastly  (pale),^iid^  mu8far,JLJ\  asfar. 

Ghost,  «.  JUfi^  khagdl  (pi.  v2.?3L£i.  Jby- 
yafe<).   The  Holy  Ghost,  ^^*xd^  -  .^» 

rawh  al  kudos.  To  give  up  the  ghost, 
^jj\  ^  uOlam  arraah. 

Ghostliness,  ^LjU-jj  rohaniyaL 

Ghostly,  (J^jj  rohdnif  ^jUiiJ  fM|/«tfsf. 

Giant,  s,  vj^^aa  ^o^i^  (pi.  c;^  ,U^ 
^o/ar!^). 

Gibberish,  Sali  ghalai.    See  Jargon. 

Gibe,  «.  Ijf^l  istihMdf  \jf>^\  A^  kaidm 
istihzd. 

Gibe,  r.  c/TffUrf^  istahza*. 

Giddily  (carelessly),  JUjbb  ii  Ajm/. 

Giddiness  (vertigo),  ^^^ J  dawhha ;  (in- 
constancy), CjlJ|«Jx  ^a(2am  «i^/; 
(carelessness),  Hag.  ghaflat,  JUJ^' 
tAmdZ.  To  be  seized  with  a  giddiness. 
^b  ddkh. 

Giddy,  giddy-brained,  giddy-beaded. 
^tj  ddyikh;  (inconstant),  ^|^  4!'^ 
ma£iAo  ^rdrf  (careless),  ^Jilc  yAd^SI 


GIB 


(685) 


GIV 


Gift,  8,  ILc  ^at&,  Amj\  tn^m,  ^Uu»-1 
ihadnf  £j  JJb  hidiyat,  i^y/%  mawhabat 
(pi.  L^^\y  mawdhib).  A  magnifi- 
cent present,  <i4j\ir  ^.  J^  hidiyat  ^a- 
simo^.  A  small  gift,  ^^ft>-  ^0^  A«^»- 
yat  ikafifat;  (faculty,  power),  iy 
kUwat,  ij^  hudrat,  j\^\  tktiddr, 
aJjU  IdhUiyat.  [^)^J  dawdnuU. 

Gig,  «.  (thing  whirled  round  in  play). 
Gigantic,  \j:^jiji\  Ji^  ^<«2«  ihy  mUl  dl 

Giggle,  Vn  f^M^J  tabasaam,  u.xs^  dehek. 
Giggler,  8.  dlX^U  ddhik,  j^m^'m^  muta^ 

ba88im. 
Gild,  V.  w.^  jJb  J^  taU  ba  tahdb. 

Gilded,  ,  iiLt  mutll.     And  they  found 

in  it  a  great  dome,  constracted  of  stones,  gilded 
with  tA  gold.  The  party  had  not  beheld,  in 
all  that  £ej  had  seen,  anything  more  beauti- 
ful than  it,  <t,4>jhg  iLi  I  {  j  i  \;^^y 
J  ,4^111  ^^^jJb  iik*  ;.Ur*% Li^ 


I  »,i^i« 


If- 


Gilder,  «.    Jla^  mutalli. 
GUding,  part.  ^J^  idlU 
Gilding,  «.  lb  67a. 
Gillyflower,  «.  Ji3^  kunmfal, 
GKmlet,  «.  ^^Ji\^  nuuikdbm 

Gimp,  «.  i^Us^  ^t^n. 
Gin,  «.  (trap),  Sju.^i/«  masyadat;  (ma- 
chine),  V'y^^  eharkh;  (spirit),   ^j^*^ 

y«»,  J/i  t^rak. 
Ginger,  Jt^^a^  tingxblL 
Gingerly,    ^jm\j:>^^\)   bi  ihtirds.      See 

Cautiously,  Nicely. 
Gingle,  r.  ^Ulb  ,^5^  haka^  bdkafiyat 
GKngle,  <•  ^\a:>b  tantanat,  ^^  tanJn. 
Gipsy,  «.  tby  kurbdtfjy  nawar. 
Giraffe,  ^J^J  Murdfa. 


Gird,  17.  (surround),  l?l>-t  ahdL 

Gird,  «.  X«  jJ\  .Vvjy  /ocffM^A  atMmmat. 

See  Twitch,  Pang. 

Girded,  girt,  ^^aJ^  nuuhmiil,  j»i2^\^ 
munluuir,  bW^  muhdL 

Girdle,  8.  j^i  kamar,  ^\au^  mantakat, 
j^j  tunndr.  The  celestial  girdle  (the 
2odiac),  -.  ^j^\  tJL^\j  isia:^  mantakat 
%dt  al  buriLJ, 

Girl,  8.  i  J  .^ip  8abiyai,  JLj  bikr,  s£^ 
bint,  JjiJ  batnL  See  Yirgin,  Maid, 
Maiden,  Daughter.  A  marriageable 
girl,  i9i\i  CL-^'J  3tn<  bdlighat,  A  slave 
girl,i^U-yanya<  (pi.  j^j'^yawarl). 

Girlish,  cs..^»Jl  (Ji^  mM^  a/  &tit^. 

Girt,  V.     See  Gird,  Encircle. 

Girt.     See  Girded.  [cingle.  Belt. 

Girth,  «.  (girt),  ^y  kuldn.     See  Sur- 

Give,  V.  j^^jkc  ^tf^a*,  ^/J^^  flAeia*,  c--^^ 
wahab,  ^JjJLseT  bakJuJuuh,  To  give  a 
present,  ^Jx  vt3l  an-^am  ^la\  To 
give  advice,  ^^  m8ah.  To  give  up 
(abandon),  CSy  tarak.  To  give  up, 
give  over  (resign,  deliver),  JL>  8allam. 

To  give  up,  think  no  more  of,  wlaj 
^^laJl  lato^  aniMUBar.  To  give  up  a  town 

or  castle,  ij^\  Jui  #a/iam  a^  kal^at. 
To  give  up  the  ghost,  .^^1  JL)  fo/Zam 
iirr0irA.  To  give  possession,  ujX« 
mallak.  To  give  out  (proclaim,  puh- 
lish),^^\  (uhhar*  To  give  out  orders, 
^1  amar.  To  give  out  (pretend), 
jJjtJ  ta^aUal,  To  give  out  (distribute), 
a^mJ  ^Mom.  To  give  an  assault,  s^ 
hajam.  To  give  into  (adopt),  J-fn'^jj 
Uta^mal ;  (to  allow  profit),  ^Ju  nefe^, 
jlit  ofdi.  To  give  an  answer,  ^-^U^l 
ajdb.     To  give  a  denial,  jij\  ankar. 


GLA 


(686) 


OLE 


To  give  credit  (believe),  ,ySBs\  i^taiad; 
(totruBlto),  A4SJi\  i^tmnad;  (to  lend), 
,jo^  tarad.  To  give  a  blow,  c—^ 
darah.  To  give  (or  make)  laws,  ^j 
«j»L^  wada^thardye^  To  give  law 
(commaDd),  S^  haiam.  Togiyeleaye, 
ij\s>^\  JaA  a^  ifoMOt.  To  give 
strength,  ^^Ji  hxwwi.  To  give  judg- 
ment, Jl^  Aaibm.  To  give  to  under- 
stand, f^\  afham^J^  khdbhar.  To 
give  thanks,  JJi»  $hdkar.  To  give  a 
categorical  answer,  j*i^  S-'^^  ^5^ 
a^  jawdh  ihdft, 

Oiren,  ^J^^^  mu^,  ^X^  mtgndafi^. 
Given  as  a  hostage,  ^^^f  nuurhiin. 
To  be  given,  ,Jaftt  «^tt.« 

Giver,  *.  ^A?U  ^a«,  ^Ja*^  mu^% 
L-^lXj  ivahhdh,  c^^^  fTdAiS.     The 

giver  of  existence,  *>j>-^^  **r^'.^  wfiAtJ 
oZ  f(?t^'fi(^.  The  giver  of  necessaries, 
CLj\p^\^\  L^\^  wdhib  al  hdjdt.   The 

giver  of  benefits,  UUmSI  S-'^^  wahhdh 

al  ^atdf/d,  [of  a  bird. 

Gizzard,  #.  XL^  ^^  hawsalat.     See  Crop 

Gkd,  gladsome,  ^^Uyi/tfrA^n,  »yM^ 

mahaUt,  j^  Mt^  murur.    See  Cheerful, 

Exulting,  Contented,  Happy.     To  be 

glad,  -^  f0re1^jAi^\  tmar.  To  glad, 

make  glad,  gladden,  ^j^fa/rraK  ^ 

hMaU 

Gladiator,  «•  uJlL>  sayydf. 

Gladly,  j^j^^  ^3^^^^  J^  ^^^  f^^ 

hin  wa  AasBin  wa  turUr. 
Gladness,  gladsomeness,  ijM^  nuuarrat, 

LL*-J1  whtsat,  ^jsfarah,  Isii  hahjat. 

See  Cheerfulness. 
Glance,  t.  (of  the  eye),^  fkwwr,  i^ 


hoior,  is^  lamkU,  ^^^j  ram  d 
^.     The  first  glance,  ^^jJ^i^' 
minamrat  al  uwU. 
Glance,  v.  (shine),  ^  lama^  To  gltnee 

(with  the  eye),  ^  lanuik,J^jrmd, 
Glancing,  pari.  ^  kimi^    See  ilaih- 

ing,  Glittering. 
Gland,  t.  kjL  hdU^. 
Glandulous,  ^^  hoBM. 
Glans  penis,^ji^  ^^J;  rd$  auakar. 
Glare,  •.  (shine  dazzlingly),  4^^  efew*, 

bj  20ma^.     See  Shine. 
Glare,  L.0  (%d. 
Glaring,  ^1  tewtc,  ^^-a^  wtiift;  (atw- 

cious),    Jib  ifl/un,  j^-lac  ^j^  j»w 

castm.     See  Crime« 
Glass,  j}j5  itutds.     A  glass  maker,  jiji 
lan&%.     A  building  or  framework  d 

glass,  ^vrVj/^  *^"''  ^J^i^'  ^ 
glass  (of  wine,  eto.),  ^]jJ^  ^  ^^ 
ihardh.  [»j^ 

Glass,  made  of  glass,  glassy,  ^V^^; 

Glaze,  V.  (windows,  etc.),  JJJ  h^nO' 
To  glaze  (paper,  doth,  ete.)>  J^ 
«aibZ.  A  shell,  etc.,  used  in  glaaog 
paper,  dlLa^  madudat.  A  glazer  of 
paper,  ^^  JIa.^  iakhdl  warak 

Glazed  (with  glass),  JJA^  mukoMMM]  [ts 
linens,  paper,  etc.),  J^*-*^  moiW. 

Glazier,  «.  ^^  \prj  *V^fi' 

Gleam,  «.  &U^  sha^d^,  Li  <^tyd. 

Gleam,  i?.  ^a\  lama^  ,^y^  dawtf.  See 
Shine. 

Gleamy,  gleaming,  part.  ^J  Idmi^ 

Glean,  v.  (^  ^A. 

Gleaner,  ^liJ  iba^A^tA. 

Gleet, «.  ,^1  u^^/r  y«^tfy«*»  ^  «^^- 

See  Gonorrhoea. 


GLO 


(687) 


GLO 


Glide,  V.  L^j>'J^^*' 
Glimmer,  v.  ^^J  Jama^ 

Glimpsei  «•  (quick  flashing  light),  ^U^ 

lama^n;  (a  traasitory  yiew),  ^  lamh. 

Glister.  See  Clyster.  A  glister  bag  or 
pipe,  ^jSjs^  mahkan. 

Glitter,  glister,  glisten,  «.  w«J  lama^f 
yjj^^  (uhrai,  j^  harah. 

Glitter,  a  glittering,  ^IjmJ  lama^n. 
See  laghti  SplendooTi  Lustre,  Bright- 
ness. 

Glittering,  pari,  and  adf.  w^l  Jdmi^ 
See  Bright,  Shining,  Glancing. 

Glitteringly,  JL^U!  Jij  Ukol  lamd^ffot, 

Globe,  ».  if  kurrat.  The  terrestrial 
globe,  i*»aji\  iyi\  al  kurrat  al  ardiyat. 
The  celestial  globe,  SJIS^  ij^\  al  kur- 
rat al  falakiyatj  UmJI  if  kurrat  m- 
9amd.  The  globe  or  orb  of  the  moon, 
jAS^\  Mjs^  jirm  al  kamar. 

Globular,  globose,  4/^^^  ibrtftrf. 

Globule,  $.  l^  habhe.  \laf. 

Glomerate,  v.  (gather  into  a  ball),  t^J^l 

Gloom,  gloominess,  Ia^  nulmat.  See 
Darkness,  Obscurity. — Gloominess  of 
mind,  j^\  l^^  MultMt  al  ha%ar,  ^ 
gham. 

Gloomily  (obscurely),  j^  jt^  ^  »»w» 
ghayr  nfir ;  (with  a  cloudy  mind  or 
aspect),  ^Jk^  jij  bikol  takdlr. 

Gloomy  (obscure),  JJa^  mta/>m.  Gloomy- 
minded,  ^J^^CL^  mutakaddir* 

Glorification,  JJU^-l  ijldlf  t^uis^  tamjld, 
^.^Mtej  tathlh,  [maffad. 

Glorifled,^^**^  mu/akhkhar,  jJb^  mu- 
Glorify,  v.  Sa^  hamad,   Jjs^  majifad, 
^^Vi^  tabhah. 

Glorious,  JAs^jalU,  JLrl^Jsfl  a/;aM/, 


mu/akUthar,  *jj£  {^mls,  J^U 
maqfad,  «v>^  nuffld,  ^^^  wnufakh- 
hham\  (proud),  Jm^  mutakabbir. 
Most  glorious,  J^f  ^flfj^^  0^^  Jur^l 
amfad  (pi.  J^UI  amdjid).  The  most 
glorious  God,  ^Jxj  |J>-  ^t  attahjoBa 

wa  ^aU.  The  most  glorious  of  the 
most  honoured  and  most  noble  (used 
in    addressing    great    men),  j\s^\ 


i*j\^3i^  J^U^I  iftikhdr  al  amdjid  wal 

akHrm.  To  render  glorious,  J^jaUal. 
Gloriously,  ^JUbrV  '*  ^Tdlin,  ij^J^ 

bikol  ^iuat,j\s^\)  bi  iftikhdr. 
Glory  (praise,  adoration),  iX4k>>  hamd^ 

^.^   ««tt.  ^  m^i   (grandeur, 

honour),  Jl>-  jaldl,  iSi^  jaldlatf 
^  fakhr,  j\i^\  iftikhdr,  ij:^  ^nat. 
False  glory,  J^  takabbur.  The  glory 
of  his  contemporaries,  ^\jii\  jJb^  fakhr 
al  akrdn.  Glory  to  God,  ^  Jl«^1  al 
hamd  illahi.  The  glory  of  religion  (a 
title),  ^JlS^^  JlLr  jdldl  addln.  The 
merchant  (places)  his  glory  in  his 
purse,  the  learned  man  his  glorjT'in 
his  writings  (Arab,  proverb),  ^IsJI 

i^j\f  d  ^Jus^  (^^^3  ^*^  4  ^"^^ 
attdjir  majdahofl  kliiho  wdl^lim  maj- 
daho  f\  kardrliiho.  To  contend  for 
glory,  I^J^UJ  tamdjadu.  Contending 
for  glory,  adf.  and  part.  j:>^\k:^  muta- 
fdkhir.  To  glory  in  (boast  or  be 
proud  of),  jliciil  iftakhdr. 
Gloss,  «•  (commentary),  ji^msu  tafAr, 
^jL  iharh,  Ji^\j  tdtpil,  j^  ta^r, 

^U  bagdn;  (a  specious  interpretation), 
jJb^j^f4iJu  tafiHr  ndhir. 
Gloss,  9.  (comment),  .^  tharah. 
Glossary,  t.  (interpretation  of  words), 

iii  i^\si  kitdb  loghat. 


GLU 


(688) 


60 


GlossineBs,  )L>-  jUdy  i^^  jilwat.  To 
give  a  glossinefls  to  paper,  (Ja^  iokdl. 
To  gi7e  a  glossiness  to  cloth,  Ji^  tdkai, 

Glossographer,  glosser,  glossator,  »»jmJu^ 

mufauir.    A  glosser,  JU^  mkidl. 

Glossy,   ^Xs^  mujli,   Jjfl.a^   ma$kllL 

See  Polished,  Smooth,  Shining. 
Gloat,  V.  (look  snllen),  ^^^-^  ^ahas. 


Glove,  t,  lJ^  kaf  (plur.  uJ^  ib/&/). 
A  falconer's  glove  (on  which  the  hawk 
perches),  o\^\  c^  kaf  anayyad. 

Glover,  «.  cJ^ ^w  hayya^hufitf. 

Glow,  V.  (be  hot),  ^;;«^  wifc^nj  (to  be 
bright),  «-«J  2fima^.  To  glow  with 
anger,  \^'^*nh•  ghedeb.    To  glow  with 

zeal  or  courage,  IjJiSJ^  ij'd^\  akh- 
zataho  ndr  al  ghayrat.     To  glow  with 

natural  heat,  LjuJall  \j\j^^  ^«^sw\ 

akhsataho  al  hararat  al  tabi^yat 

Glow  (shining  heat),  ij]j^-  hararat, 
(vehemence  of  passion),  ^U^^^^  hamiyat, 
L^^p.  ghadah;  (ardour,  zeal),  ij^j^ 
iardrat,  ij^  ghayrat;  (brightness  of 
colour),  ^^\  Li\j^>-  haddkat  al  lawn, 
A  glowing  coal,  iy*»s^  jamrat  (pi. 
ci^\jA>p^  jamrdt).  See  Live  coal 
(under  Coal). 

Glow-worm,  «.  i^^«».L>-  hdbdhib. 

Gloze,  V,    Flatter,  Gloss,  Comment. 

Glue,  \jA  ghard.  See  Isinglass,  Cement, 
Size. 

Glue,  V,  ijr^  gharra\ 

Glued,  i^Jf^  mugharra\  ^y^^  malsHk. 

Gluer,  «.  i^jf^  mugharri. 

Glut,  V.  (saturate,  satiate),  ^^^1  ashba^ ; 

(to  swallow),  ^Sj  hala^i  (to  overstock), 
S\j  %dd. 
Glut,   $.    (redundancy),    Jjbj  %%yddat, 


U^  fay^7  ^J^  fayaddn ;  (8atiety^ 
w«^  9haiba^^  (obstruction),  Jl.9  ioid. 

Glutinous,  gluey,  j;^ J  dibek.     See  Yb- 

cous.  Tenacious. 
Glutinously,  4*JJ^  bidabak. 
Glutinousness,  ^J  ddbak. 

Glutton,  <.  ^y^\  akkdl. 

Gluttonous,^^^  u.'^'^-ltf  idhih  $hardkai. 
Gluttonously,  iib\j^  J^  bikol  thardkai. 
Gluttony,  ^-^  iama^,  ^\jJ^  shardhat. 
Gnash,  v.  (the  teeth),  a3L^\^  iorr  m- 

ndnaho.  {bargkaihat. 

Gnat,  i.  (small  fly),  Xiyu  ba^udat,  ^^  .* 
Gnomon  (hand  or  pin  of  a  watch  or  dial], 

a[cLJI  s^^LS-  ^akrab  assd^ah. 
Go,  V.  J\j  rah,  4..^J^J  suiAa^.     To  go  a 

walking  for  recreation,  j^  J  ddr.  To 
go  on  foot,  (C^t«  ^\j  rdh  mdshl.   To 

go  on  horseback,  c-^]^  ^j  rdh  rdkxi. 
To  go  amblingly,  ^^y^j  rahwan.  To 
go  a  hunting,  *.\j*flli  ..U  rciA  /f7  mjh^ 

To  go  fast,  J3:^^**l  uta^'H.   To  go  one 

after  another,  ^X\  Juo  Jl:»^!j1\  \^\j 
rdhu  al  wdhid  ba^d  al  akhar>      To  go 

to  the  necessary,  ^  j^^  ^'  ^Uff  W#t^ 
t7<i'  a/  khdr%j\  To  go  aside  (deviate 
from  the  right  way),  4^  daU,  To  go 
on  (make  an  attack),  a^  ha/am.    To 

go  out  (upon  an  expedition),  ^J^  |**-^ 
J^t  ^asam  ^oZa'  asaafar.  To  go  oQt 
(to  be  extinguished),  ^J^\  intafa\ 
To  go  through  (to  suffer,   andergo\ 

J^«^ar  tahammal.      The  time  of  her 

going  forth  to  divert  herself  has  now  arrirnl 
and  when  she  is  about  to  do  so  I  will  come  u* 
thee  and  inform  thee,  that  thou  majest  g« 

thither  and  meet  her,  ^^^^  *^ 


GOD 


(689) 


GOD 


I^jLsj^.  And  once  in  eyery  ten  days 
be  comes  to  me,  and  spends  a  night  here,  and 
then  he  goes  away;  ror  he  took  me  without 

the  consent  of  his  relatives,  Ji^  ^Jj 
J  iLLJ  Ljh  Jcj  iy   jjj  b  a\A  ijJm£. 

Goad,  s,  jU^  mihmdz.  To  goad,  jkj 
jUi^b  nagha%  M  mihmdz. 

Goal,  s,  (any  place  of  destination),  ^Jsr^l 
JyoLii  \  al  mahaU  al  maksHd.  The  end 
to  which  a  design  tends,  iiyaLi!i\  ^JOJfi\ 
id  gharad  al  maksud. 

Goat,  «.  (the  goat  species),  U^  ma^s. 
A  he  goat,  ^jmmJ  tayt  (pi.  (jhw^  tuyiU)» 
A  she  goat,  i|«^  mu^U  A  goat- 
herd, J«^!    -cl^  rfi^f  a/  ma^2. 

Gohhet,  goh,  «.  iUi]  lukmat  (pi.  ^ 
lukam),  Jua>-  ^;/ka^  (pL  Cl^l:kA>-  Asi/- 
na^).    To  gohhet,  gohhle,  Ji  lakam. 

Go-hetween,  «.  <D]|j  dalldlat 

Gohlet,  »,  .Jj  JbitiA. 

Gohlin,  «.  JUrv.  khayal,  (^It  ^ayt/, 
j^y.:>-  ytnnS.     See  Demon,  Fairy,  Elf, 

Phantom. 
God,  <d}1  ailah.  The  following  are  among 
his  numeroas  attributes :  ^j^  UI1^J»^ 
rabh  td  ^diamJn,  ^U^-^l  arrahmdn, 
AAdi^t  arrahlm,  <^^jl^  ^^r^l?  f^aAti^ 
«7  umjud,  Jl«]ll  cJbl^  tDdhih  id  amdl, 
God  the  most  high,  most  blessed,  most 
glorions,  etc.,  ^UJ  aUI  allah  ta^la\ 

^UJj  CJ^LJ  ddll  a7/a^  tahdrak  tea 
ta^dla\  jJUjj  iOUu-  J^\  (dhak 
subhanaho  wa  ta^la\  lU^  Js>'  ^J^\ 
aUiak  j(d  wa  ^dd,  ^^ju^^^jJLf  ddlt 
oSaA  takaddas  wa  tacdla*,  J>-  ^f 
4il^  dllahjadajiddlaho,  {^\ij\i^j 


rob  id  arbdb.  God  the  creator,  ^l^t 
al  khdlik,  jU)l  jSU.  ifc^/a  o/it^oZi. 
God  the  .omnipotent,  _^  J^   l^j  jUSl 

al  k&dir  ^M  kol  shy.  The  jast  God, 
JjUl\  al  ^dd,  God  the  supreme 
avenger,  ^^Urulljj  Ic  ^mfs  a/  tWtitdm. 

God  the  most  high  king,  J  \jc^  \  u^O^I  \ 
al  malik  al  mtU^l,  The  God  of  worlds, 
^^^^U!t  tm^j  rabh  td  ^lamin^   etc. 

Blessed  God !  ^t  CSJLj  tahdrak  aUtdi. 
Blessed  be  God !  or  Good  God!  ^U^^ 
<dll  iubh&n  aUah.    0  God !  ^1  f2tiAf, 

ydra^.  0  God !  0  God !  ^f  <d]l  a^^ffA 
a/^A.  May  the  blessing  of  God  be 
upon  them  all,  ^j^xapA  Afix^Ut  ^l^j 

ridwdn  allah  ^allhim  ajma^n.  God 
knows,  dUt  Jju  yu^im  aUah.     There 

is  no  God  but  God,  <dl1  KUll  ^  tOah 
did  aUah.   God  willing,  J\mj  i^\  UjI 

fVMAd  aUah  ia^dla*.  By  God's  grace 
or  assistance,  i^\  <^Uju  hi  ^ndy at  allah. 
Praised  be  God,  thanks  to  God,  X«^t 
aU  o/  hamdu  dlah.  To  swear  by  God, 
d^\j  ^  kasam  hdlah.  By  God !  aUIj 
&i720At.  God  forbid !  l^U-  w  UiU. 
hdshd  9umma  hdshd,  ^b  J^  nu^MU 
hillahi.     Good  God!  (in  admiration), 

hdrak  allah,  <d]l  <OJt  allah  allah.  0 
God !  ^\  b  yd  allah,  ^\  dahl,  s^\ 

allahumma.  For  God'i  sake !  d^\  tUahi. 
dil\  J---.  ^  ft  sahU  aiahi. 

GK)ddess,  «.  ^t  dahat.  [Divinity. 

Godhead,    l^\    ilahiyat.      See   Deity, 

Godlike,  ^1  dahl.    See  Divine. 

Gbdliness,  ,^jaj  takwa^,  \^  takwd.   See 
Piety. 

44 


GOO 


(690) 


000 


GocQy,  ,<aL«   tmittaM.     See  PioaB, 

Piouslj. 
Goer,  i.  ^\j  rSyA.    Comen  aod  goers, 

fhariiin.  [tm  mdfil;. 

Gog  and  Ifagog,  -^^U^  ^yr*£  9^jy 

Goggle,  9.  (look  aaqaint),  ^lU-  J^ 
hawal  Maho.    See  Squint. 

Going,  part.  ^U  m^  c^li  cfiAift. 

Gold,  i^J>»j  8a^«  Poie  gold,  i^.^  J 
^Ui  laAnd  iA^l^if.  Gold  win,  J^J 
^f /.  Made  of  or  covered  with  gold 
wire,  {J^jj^  muMrhatlh.  A  mass, 
bar»  or  ingot  of  gtdd,  <lCy>.i  ialAkat  (pi. 
CXjIw  iohayih).  A  bit  or  particle 
of  gold,  ^i  M^0^.  Gold  and  silver, 
4idij  i^^^Jb  J  faA«^  w<k  faddat.  An 
eetate  in  gold  and  silver,  k::^v«l^  Jt« 
m&l  sdmaL  The  region  of  gold  (the 
gold  coast  in  Africa),  j^\  Jij  hildd 
attibr.  A  throne  of  gold,  l,^4x!1  jJ^ 
wrlr  aaahib.  Anything  embroidered 
or  covered  with  gold,  \J^j}^  muMr- 
hash.  Adorned  with  gold  and  gems, 
^^y  tarsl^  ^f  murassa^. 

Golden,  ^^.,^Jtii^  tntaahhah. 

Goldsmith,  «.  j-jLp  s&yegh.        [8%y&gh, 

Goldsmiths,    4^^   $uwagh    and    ^U-^ 

Golgotha,  U^il^  gholghotd. 

Gomorrah,  Sjy^  ghomorra* 

Gone,  ^U  mddl^  ^L  «di>£.  Gone 
with  "child,  iuUU.  AdMAi^.  See 
Pregnant 

Gonorrhoea,  ^J^'^^JB'rJ^^^^  ^  «^»'> 
<U»fi'ffT  tat^kibah. 

Good,  adj.jf^  khayr^  ^>y**^  *<ww,  <^^ 

ma^lA,  c,,>4^  tayyihf  J\»fi  sdlih.   Good 
morning,  ^^^\  -.1^  aabdh  al  kkayr. 


Good  6vening,j^\  Lm^  mota  ol  i&djfr; 

(to  whidi  thej  answer),  0!  good  wm- 

ing,^l^UU  ydiOahdikr. 

0 !  good  evening,^|*i?\  Ufc^\£  Sf4  «» 

0/  i^r.   With  good  faith,  Jlexl  h 

i^ikddin.     With  good  fortune,  jJ'a' 

Juft^  &«^/f^  M^fi.  With  good  im- 
ners,  Ui^jUdtiubitii.  Goodhnmoond, 

^LiJj^jj^  iiki;"J«r  «/ ifc*a<ir.  Good 
natored,  c-^yuSl  ^gjU  laiiftdnd- 
rub.  A  good  work,^^-^  khayr,  Lm> 
hasanat  Good  works,  tJLj\j^  kh^i- 
Good  qualities,  ^^A;M«.f»*  t^L^j^  «i^^/ 


jamilat.    Good  news, 
f  ^r«^  ^osimo^.  To  do  good,  ^  m^' 
4  aA^dvi.     See  Benefit    We  did 


good  to  tbem,  and  they  corresponded  vitb  tfe 
TeYBne ;  sod  Buch,  by  my  life,  »  the  ooiAf- 
of  the  wicked.  Thus  he  who  sets  kindlj  te 
those  who  do  not  deserre  it,  is  rewardsd  ii  tb 
same  manner  as  the  aider  of  Umm  iw* 

^jAji  ^  JJbj  *  jTJ-flj  l3^l5  'iL^^r  ^ 
♦^U  aI  .     Sow  good,  even  on  « 

unworthy  soil ;  for  good  will  not  be  frmda» 
where?er  it  is  sown.  Verily,  pood,  Ihougk/- 
remain  long  buried,  none  will  lesp  but  bis 


who  sowed  it,  ^  ^jjj  ^U.-^p-  ^;j 

Good,  goodness,  *.  j^  tkayr,  ^^j^ 
khayriat.  The  good  and  the  bsd,^ 
jJ:^\^  al  khayr  wahhar.   The  chief  good 

(summum  bonum),   ^jlJa-J^jji'i  * 

kkayr  ^  muUak. 

Good,  adv.j^  khetyr^ 

Goodness,  s.  |^  karaw^  ^jl*-^'  "^"^ 
Thou  hast  confened  fiivoui  upoa  nit  «^  ** 


GOB 


(691) 


GOV 


denre  of  thy  goodoen  that  ihoowoiddiit  gnmt 
OS  a  boon,  and  give  or  permiMion  to  depart ; 
for  it»  h«ve  bewme  aaiioiis  of  seeiiig  a^ain 
our  rektioiii^  ov  oonntr^,  ow  near  rektiTos, 
and  ow  homes.    W^  wiU  sat,  howeTer»  re- 


linqmsh  the  service  of  thee,  u:;Ji^J  Jj 

Goods,  JU  mdl  (pi.  Jf^^  mmcOl),  ^Ui 

kimdih  (pL  XiLut  oibiw^^),  <J.^L« 

mtf^it  (pL  cJU^  0i9>AlJb).      I  resoWed 

that  affiiir,  and  having  taken  forth  from  mj 
money  a  large  gam,  I  purchased  with  it 
gooda  and  merchanduo  soitable  for  trayel»  and 
packed  them  np.    Then  I  went  to  the  coaat, 

Goose,  9.  ij^  wauat, 
Goosebeny,  «.  ^Jj^jfi  ^fttheri. 
Gorbellied,  a  gorbelly,  i^^  L.^».sfls^  mt^^ 

hainaha*     See  B^y ;  also  Glatton. 
Gk>re,  «.  (of  a  shift  or  other  garment), 

Ia^   hmOkai    (pL    J^I:j    hamayik)', 

(clotted  blood),  ^Sa^  .•J  dam  jam- 

ddn.     See  Blood. 
Gore,  r.  (with  the  horns),  CXii  «^i^ 

^'^  Mo/aA.     See  Fierce,  Stab. 

^rg»f   ci^   ^^-     ^^  Throat.     To 

gorge.     See  Glut 
Gorgeous,  ^Hlf  A;iafi   ^oslm  MA«^d»w 

See  Splendid* 
Gorgeously,  Juloft  JG  Mb^  ctOBfta^. 
Gorgeousness,  Xula^  ^tiMna^.   See  Splen* 

door,  Magnificence. 
Gorget,  «.  JlJ^  Ju  a».  Ike  ^!i(a/d  Aim^ 

M  rakabai. 
Gonnaadize,  v.  AiId  i— ^f>.  Aoi  batnaho. 


See  Glnttoniae.     GormaDdiser,  iJUSai 

ioliidnf.     See  Glutton. 
Gory,  (^^fc>  <2muk^. 
Goaling,  «.  ^;;>>m  ij}  ^oauai  taglSktai* 
Gospel,  #.  J-fljrJ^  fli  ffyV,  J-arSl  wlilf 

UULl  id  injtl,  u^^l  J^m  07  t»;U 

€k>Baamer,  um4i.uJ1  i^\fi  U^dh  aih$ham»^ 
Gossip,  cldi:  ^aUdk.     Ta  gossip,  J^ 

Got,  gotten  ipret.  pan.  of  get), 

muhaasal,  L^fyuA^  maiiH^, 

muktatab,    ^V^^     muUana\       See 

Gtoined ;.  also  Begot. 
QorerUf  v,  ^j^Li  tds,  JL>^  haiam^  Iw 

dahat     See  Beign,  Bnle^  Xegulate, 

Command,  Direct,  Manage,  Eestrain. 

And  the  city  too  would  he  without  a  king,  its 
people  having  none  to  govern  them,  and  to  abe 
to  their  cases ;  so  the  state  of  the  empire  would 
become  adverse  unto  thee,  and  the  kingdom 

would  depart  from  thy  hand,  ^J-^j 


Governable,  %-**k«  fnnUl^  Lu«^)  ^^^^^^ 
mfimib»  aUahU  See  Sabmissive* 
Obedient. 

Governess,  «.  ^U^l>>  A^Kmal 

Govemed,!?^^^^  madhiU^M^^  moMUm. 

Gbvemment,  i^^ij  riy&iatf  ^^^  An* 
kUmai,  Jl»-  AM^m,  JDM  aydlat;  (state), 
dH^^  mamlakat.  See  Etnpire.  Just 
government,  JjU  J^  Anibit  ^ddih 
Tyrannical  government,  JU^  Jl»>  hukm 
nOiink,     EzempWy  justice  necessary 

for  government,  ^b^  ^jf  i»A^\ 
OBiiydt  hhsimat  lH  rtydiot. 
Gbvemor,   «.    ^\^   haktm   (pi.  /#l^ 


GRA 


(692) 


GBA. 


JltiXdw),  ^\^  ioaU,     The  governor  of 

a  castle,  Ij^\  lailsr^  mukafit  iU  hal^. 

The  governor  of  Carmania,  ^J^^  «^  j 

wall  karamdn.  [j^aktln. 

Gourd,  t.  ^J  kar^,  IcJ  kar^at,  ^j-lai 

Gout,    ijJ  Uuaat,  ^^*j!b   ta^at,   fj^^} 

Mwk.    See  Taste. 
Gout,  3.  J-tfU«il  j-sr^  wqfa^  al  mufSLiil, 

Kli^\  '1 J  da  almulnk. 
Gouty,  vl5^\  *b^  hikt  da  almtdok. 
Gown,  f.   (woman's),  ^Ir. «»  ^  ^^fi»; 

(man'8),jLiJ  iwnJaB,  j^li-*i. 
Grace  (favour),  ilxc  ^inayat,  A*«*J  nt^- 

f?w^  fi^^*»^  kimdyat.     See  Assistance, 

Help,   Aid,   Kindness.  — (a  benefit), 

(virtue,  excellence),  iX^fadilatyJLc 
iaiah;  (pardon),^  ^fl/fi,  ijM^mayh- 

/arat,  J^Jx  yhufran;  (beauty,  ele- 
gance), JWj-  jamdl,  !j\Ja  zardfat, 
iiiy  latd/at,  ^^^--o-  Aiwn.  A  grace 
said  at  meals,  Uj  du^d.    To  say  grace, 

^SLl  «Aaifeflr.    The  graee  of  God,  J^^ 

4d!t  iawfikallah,  aU\  L^  nt^ma^  o^/aA. 

By  the  grace  of  God,  J\m  aUI  f^fJ 

hi  iawf%k  aOah  ta^dla\  [wuam. 

Grace,  v.  ^Ji^  hasaan,  ^J  fuiyyan,  jjaj 

Graceful,  i-Jjjfe  mH/,  c-fl-U  /««/.  Jtr*^ 
jamiL     See  Beautiful,  Dignified. 

Gracefully,  v-jU  J^o  JtA^J  Z«//.  To 
walk  gracefully,  ii\Jff  J^  j^^^*^  ««*? 

Gracefulness,  ii\Ja  lardfat,  cJU  ^/, 

JUsj-  jam&lt  y^y**^  h%Am, 
Graceless,  Jy-Si  ikarir,  ,^Jj  radl.     See 

Wicked,  Dissolute. 
Orncious,  i— fljU  ia<l/«  u^lU  muldtify 


katUr  ul  ihsdn,  ^jsJ^  mtuhfik,  ^.^j 
rahlm.     Most  gracious,    j^    dkr^m, 

^dft  a/  himmat, 
Graciou8ly,'^U/  karaman,  UU  Zii(/aii. 
Gracionsness,  (^Jlal  /u^. 
Gradation,  if-j*^  Air^j^tf^,  ^-J'^  ***1^- 
Gradual,  ,^50^^*^^  teirijt- 
Gradually,  -j^jJ^V  W<^«*^'- 
Graff,  «.  gr^  <>r  graff  stock,  jiia*  ^Jj 

Graff,  f .  Ji?  te^^aw.  See  Ingraffl 
Grain  (com),  ili  ^Ao/W,  ^^^-s>-  Atii«J. 
To  sow  grain,  cjj  eota^.  A  grain  of 
barley,  »-*-i  i^>"  Ao^itf^  «Aa^Ir,  A 
grain  (berry,  etc.),  <U>.  hahbat  (pL 
4-j^-j»-  Att^Jtti),  tl^U^  habhai.  A 
grain  or  bead  of  a  coral,  ^j^^ 
habhat  marjdn. 

Grammar,  J^L«5^^  alghrOmdOk, 
»arf,  uJ-Jl  J^  ^»^»  owai/,  ^siH 
annahu.  A  grammar,  cJ^^  jJx  «^t^ 
*  ^^^^  ibt^&  ^Ifn  assarftcid  nak^,  A 
grammarian,  ^siT^ t-J^  J*^  »ti«^«Ci» 
sarfwa  nahn. 

Grammatical,  ,<^  «<»»/^>  ^S°^  nakmd. 

Grammatically,  ^a^\  i^..^^^^  ^^J^  ^M 
mHjib  annahu.  To  inflect,  oonj  agate, 
or  decline  grammatically,  uJ;-*  sarrmf. 

Granary,  #.^Lj'  anhdrt  ^j)^'^  maikun. 

Grand,  jj^  ^\m,jJi  kahlr. 

Grandchild,  «.  JjU.  Ad/W. 

Grandchildren,  jU^^  aA/dJ. 

Granddaughter,  ijiU-  Ad/£ffti<. 

Grandee,  9.  u-flj^  #A«n/,  ix*£  ^umitt. 

Grandees,  iJ^jJI  S-'^j^  ar^d&  addmtUi, 
Jt'-l\.A\  ^\^j\  arkdn  td  talUmaif  ^^^ 
aS^U^dntdmamlakai,  c-it^WArd^ 


OBA 


(693) 


OKA 


Grandenr,    A^hfi   ^Mmat,  JXf^-!   ifldl, 

dawlai  wa  ikbdl,  l^yJL   shawkat,  j^ 
kubr  or  kibr.   Bee  Magnificence,  State, 
Sablimity. 
Grandfather,  grandure,  «.  J^jidd;  (pa- 

temal),  J^/u^;  (maternal),  Jc^/kle^ 
Grandmother,  #.  J[3lj  ndnat: 
Grandson,  «.  Jils>.  A4/M,  ^;j)1  ^;j1  t^ 

al%bn\  (a  daughter's  son),  \j>cJ!\  ^\ 

ihn  al  hinL 
Grange,  «.  ^j/*  matra^.    See  Farm. 
Grant,  r.    (admit),    JJ   ieh$l,  ^->^-^ 

(to  bestow),  ^^Jmmmj\  ancam  ^M ; 
^\  ^^y^M^\  ahion  ih\  Jac^  ^i^y  ^^ 
_lc  an^am  ^ala\  To  grant  permis- 
sion, )tj\pA  tj^  ^t^*  qjdtat,  ^^^^ 

i^a^j  a^  rukh»at.  Fortune  has  com- 
passionated my  case,  and  felt  for  the  length  of 
my  torment  aod  baming-,  and  granted  me  what 
I  desired,  and  removed  that  which  I  dreaded. 
I  will  therefore  forgive  her  the  offences  which 
she  committed  in  former  times,  even  the  injus- 
tioe  she  has  shown  in  taming  my  hair  grey ! 

Grant,  «.  aU}\  in^dm  \  (concession), 
djl>-l  ^dhat,  isj\y  muwd/akai,  i)\^\ 
ijd%at,  J^  kubul,  \jfj  ridd.  See 
Permission. 

Gran  table,  -.y»«i^  mamniih,L\>'i\  v..^^tj 

wajib  id  ijdhat,  \^J\  t^^^^^^j^M^  mu- 
itawfib  al  ridd. 
Granted,   _Jajc^   mu^to' ;    (allowed), 

^ja:>y^  murakhkhas,  J^«a^  makblU, 

Grantee,  9.  aJ\  ^j^^^^s:^  muh$an  Qayhi, 


Granter,  t.  ^^Ly^!M  ^U  mdnihulihiSn, 
,--^  muhiin.    See  Giver, 

Granulary,  granulated,  granulous,  Jl^ 
ij^tA\  L^\  mul  al  habhai  auaghlrai. 
To  granulate  (form  into  the  resem- 
blance of  small  grains),  S^^f^  J*** 
j^jLc  ^amal  hubikh  iaghdr. 

Granule,  #.  L^  habbat. 

Grape,  ».  i^^\r<  ^msb.  Sour  or  unripe 
grapes,  /y^»-  huirum.  Dried  grapes, 
raisins,  or  corinths,  u-"«-Hj  ubib, 
J!i^  kuhmiih.  A  grape-seller,  ^ 
bayyd^  ^eneb.      Fox's  grapes 


JuijJl 


.eneb 


(nightshade), 

asta^lab. 
Grapnel,  «.  (small  anchor),  ijM\jtfj\ 

ankord  ioghiral. 
Grapple,  grapnel,  or  grappling  iron,  #. 

jL>.  changal,  uJlks^  khaitdf  (pL 
t_q,^lU^  khattdtlf).  See  Hook;  oho 
Contest,  Fight,  Conflict. 
Grapple,  v.  (seize),  clXuyu«  meiek;  (to 
seize  with  a  hook),  uJUa^^  (lUKm^m 
mnek  bU  khatULf;  (to  contend),  lysjU} 
tandn^.     To  grapple  a  ship,  j;U 

J.(;^jb  t^T^*^^  t^f^^  ^  fnarkab  bil 
ehanffal. 
Grasshopper,  «.  ifty\jS^  jardda. 

Grasp,  IT.  k^  J^ibi^,  (jAMft^  ^m^A.  See* 
Catch,  Seize;  also  Strive,  Encroach. 

Grasp  (of  the  hand),  LdJ  kabdat;  (pos- 
session, hold),  i^j^  tasarruf. 

Grass  (just   sprouting   above    ground). 

Grate,  «.  (lattice),  <OyuSi  iha^yat.  A 
fire-grate,  ^■>^><  mwabba^,  *^y  mauh- 
kad.     See  Fire. 

Grate,  ».  (rub  or  wear),  uL^^  ^^ ;  (to 


GBA 


(694) 


OSA 


make  a  hanli«oi8e)|  i^p  J^^  ^mmi 
karka^at. 

Grafted  (T«bbe4),  u^/^  mo/Ha;  (lat- 
ticed), iJJ>Zm^  tiuishabhaJL  A  .grated 
windowi  \li\fA  Mhnbhdk. 

Grateful,  ^\  ^\Ji,  iMJUr  id  M^am; 

(agreeable),  4^^j^  marghohy  ^}y^ 

makb^h  [rin  wa  mo^rO/l 

Gratefully,  %.^jl^LL ^J^  likd skuk' 

Gratefulness,  (^^yi^  macro/'.  vSeeGrati- 
tade-^pleasaatnees),  ^^^^^^  jaMh 

Grater,  «.  UmaAhs  mdkikaL 

Gratification,  jj^  iurHr.  See  Delight, 
Pleasnre. — (reward),    a\jO\    in^&m, 

yjo^  ^wad,  Sjp^jitd,  ^Um>-1  iht&n, 

j9^\  4tfr.     'See  Compensation. 
Gratify,  v,  Lmj  hiuatf  ^j^  4harah.   See 

Delight,  Please,  Indulge,  Satisfy. 
Gratis,  \j{s^  vtafdtHm.    To  give  gratis, 

Ls»>  ^Joe\  tf^to'  jdhd,  [Uj  tcafd. 

Gratitude,  ^L^i  ihukr,  i^jit^  ma^Of, 

Gratuitous,  L>-  ^d.  Anything  one  is 
compelled  to  do  gratuitously  (espe- 
cially for  the  king)j  Jfj^  sukhrah. 

Gratuitously  (without  proof),  JJoL 
hOd  dam,  iJLi\^\  li  hild  uhdt. 

Gratuity,  ^\9j\  in^m. 

Grave,  «*^  luibr^  hy  tMrhaty  ijJ^ 
tnahlmrat.  Agrove*digger,^^\jll». 
hafffir  al  hubur.     One  who  digs  np 

graves  to  rob  the  dead,  ^^jtSl\  jV]^ 

sarrak  al  kafan,  0  son  of  Adam,  how  care- 
less art  thou  of  the  case  i^hich  is  before  thee 
(which  thou  miist  undergo)!  Thy  TeazB  and 
age  haTe  diverted  thee  from  paying  any  atten- 
tion to  this  important  affair,  lowest  thou  not 
that  the  cup  of  death  will  he  filled  for  thee,  and  , 
that  in  a  short  time  thou  wiltdidnk  itP  Look, 
then,  to  thTself,  before  entering  thy  grave. 
Where  are  tnow  who  poeseesed  ue  eountries, 
ahased  the  peoples  of  the  earth,  and  led  armies  P 
(I  take  God  to  witness)  that  the  terminator  of 
delights,  the  separator  of  companions,  and  the 
(devastator  of  flouridiing  dwellingB,  has  alighted 


Sgainat  then,  and  has  transported  them  firon 
the  amplitude  of  palaces  to  Ibe  aSnutnen  of 

the  gvave,  ^  (J^Aif)  te  ^\  ^^  b 


1  ^/Ji  fj\  f^Z-'^S  L%S 

Grave,  v.  (engrave),  ^J?  tdba^^  ^/*sj 

nahuh* 
Grave  (solemn),^l3j  c^^s^-L^  Mtib  wakdr. 

Graved,  graven,  ^^c^  matikiuh. 

Gravel,  J^j  rami,  lid>-  hoid^  or  ^c-^^^-- 

The  gravel  or  stone  in  the  bladder. 

lya^  hastcat,  [Aoyitfi. 

Orayely,  j\j^  hi  wakdr,  JLjb  ^jCJ  iM 

Graver,  «.  i^luJ  nakkdsh ;  (an  engrav- 
ing instrument),  Ji  kaiam. 

Graving  (8culpture),^^/i^,^;ib5j  nalik. 

Ghravitation,  ^J^  mail,  <^U^ar^  inft^L 
Gravity   (seriousness,  solemnity),  JLj^ 

?utyhat,j\j^  tv(d:dr ;  (weight),  ^J^  tiki. 

And  he  was  of  handsome  form,  oomelT  in 
countenance,  with  an  aspect  of  gravity,  iii»- 


nity,  majesty,  and«tatelines8,  «^vl«  ^ 


Gravy,  iij^  'maraka. 

Gray  (or  ash  colour),  ^Iscui  sinfdii, 

4^ jU;  ramddl.  Gray-eyed,  ^^J\  ami 
(fern.  \ijj  %arkd).  Growing  gny 
(becoming  old),  c^Ll  s^di.  A 
gray-haired  man,  l^^  <Ady«5.  A 
gray-haiied  woman,  Liiit  skayhaL 
Gray-haired,  c^Ll  ^hdyih.    A  gny- 


ORE 


(f»5) 


GBB 


beard,   ^   ^ajflk.    Set  OM 

And  8t  the  apper  Mid  of  thai  chamber  was 
a  great  and  Tenerable  man,  in  the  rides  of 
whoee  beard  grey  hain  had  began  to  appewe^ 


(•-^  Jrj  tr^'  uL^SjX^  ^^ 


Graze,  «.  (feed  as  cattle  on  graas),    Jtj 

re^  (to  feed  cattle  on  pastare  grounda), 
^j  r^.    Sae  Paatore. 
Grazier,  «.  (feeder  of  cattle),  i^jTCi^\ 

(a  seller  of  cattle),  ^  cLi  layyd^ 
ghanam* 

m 

Grease,  ^J  duhn.  See  Fat,  Tallow. 
Bear's  grease,  ^Jxs)\  ^^  ihahm  dl 
khanxlr. 

Grease,  v.  f^^^s  ^ J  dahhan  hH  thakm. 

Greasy,  ^^X«  mudhtn. 

Great  (illastrious,  di8tmg:niBhed)>  ^tJofr 
^aam,j^  lablr,  JJl>-  >aft/.  See 
Grand,  Noble,  Magnanimous^  Eminent, 
Glorious. — (powerful),  jus^  jahh&r, 
jjlS  kddir.  See  Omnipotent. — (large 
of  size),  ^Ja£,  ^m^jji  kabir,  j^-***:*- 

jMlmm  See  Large,  Big,  Corpulent, 
Immense. — (principal),  J^Ux^  mutlak, 
_Ltf^   M^;    (great   bellied),    £L«l». 

hdmilat]  (vehement,  yiolent),  JoSJU 
shadld.  An  affair  of  great  moment, 
M^  muhim,  ^j^  amr  tnuhim.  Great 
in  number,  J^Jk^  ^adld,  A  great 
misfortune,   ft^^^,   hold  ^nsfm.     To 

become  great,  jJ^  leh&r.  To  make 
great,  J^  kabhar.  To  assume  great 
airs,  jiaju  ia^asszam.  Causing  great 
loss,  tf*itrjji  L.^>Mi^  mtuMib  darar 


.amlm. 


Greater,  greatest,^^)  Mar^  ^as\  a^nam, 
jusr^\  amjad.     The  greatest  admira* 


Greatly  (in  a  great  degree,  extremely), 
lAkf  H  ffMAyaty  ^1  Ji9r  i^UMi ;  (iUtts- 

taOUsly),  j^fMft^^e^  itlMir^MI  0MMA* 

Afir.  See  Nobly,  lEagnaaimously, 
Generoosly.— (bnvely),  iflLsA  jXi 

Greatness  (illustrionsness),  uJ^  «Aarv/^, 
J)U-1  (;%/,  A^  karam ;  (largeness  of 

goantity,  extent,  number^  eta),  i^ 
koirai  i  (dignity),  i(\p^jdh,  ^y  war- 
tahat,  iDjJ  dawUU,  c,,...^^  tnansab; 
(power,  potency),  iy  kuwat,  ijdJ  lu- 
drat;  (swelling  pride,  affected  pomp), 
\lj^  habriyd^JSj.  takahhtr,  j^ji  ghir 
ni.r ;  (familiarity),  Lk>-  Lo^  mwdht^aU 

Greece,  ft^j\  SL  hUdd  arrHm. 

Grecian,  ^^j  rflml,  tjl^^  yfintfnf. 

Greedily  (eagerly),  ^Ji9  J^  hikd  tanuk^. 

Greediness,  ^j>-  harm,  wiL  tama^, 
hb\j^  ihar&hat  See  Yoraciousness, 
Gluttony. 

Greedy,  eUt  tammd^,  Cl^^  tdmio, 
j^^\  jjlfi^ya^dn  aZ  ^ayn.  See  Vo- 
racious, Bapacious,  Bavenous,  Hungry, 
Coyetous. 

Green  (in  oolour),yiA£^\  akhdar ;  (fresh), 
Sj\j  td%a,  A  green  herb,  i^^i^sL  khu- 
drat.  Greens,  green  herbs,  CLA^\j0asL 
khadrd0dt.  A  green  old  age,  jifi>- 
khuld^  To  make  green,  ^^«dbi-  khaddar. 
To  become  green,  j»^^  ikhdar.     A 

green  (grassy  plain),  ^.o^^!  Jf^  «aA/ 
akhdar.  See  Meadow.  A  green  colour, 
j0a^\  ^y  7ai9ft  akhdar.  [khaddr. 

Greenish,  jUiJlJl  JjU  m5ytZ  t7a'  oZ 
Greenly,  jlaaeT  hi  khaddr ;    (freshly), 
ij\j  ^yi  hi  wi^'hin  idm ;  (without  ex- 
perience), hjoerh  hild  tqfribat,       t 


GM 


(696) 


GEI 


Greenness,  ^^.J^L  khudrai  (pl.^^os^  khu- 

dar) ;  (freshness),  i^\Jo  iardwat. 
Greet,  v,  ^le.  JL  iollum  ^ala\  ^Jl  CJ^\j 

hSrak  ila\    See  Salate,  Congratnlate. 
Greeting,  o^L^  muhdrakat,  A  greeting, 

o^L«  mubdrakai,  aIL  «a/dffi«     See 

Salate,  Congratulation. 
Grey.     See  Gray. 

Greyhound,  *.  ^Li  «^^  kalh  tildkh 
Grief,  ^  y^«i,  i^J^'lj  ^fluwmi/,  ^^ 

Ambu,  ^  ham,  ^^^  ^(^a^*    Grief  for 

the  absence  of  any  person,  Im*^  hat- 

ratf  ^js/urkat     To  cause  grief,  ma 

ffham,  0  young  man;  thon  bast  increased  my 
anxiety,  after  haying  dispelled  my  grief.  But 
tell  me,  0  youth,  where  ia  sheP  and  where 
is   (he  tomt)  where   the   negro   is   lying  P 

Grievance,  «.  Ji?  %ulm,j^jawr. 
Grieve,  r.  (vex),   Ji^  zalam,  ^  yA^iw. 

See  Afflict. — (to  mourn),  (^J^\  ahfutn. 

Fear  not  nor  grieye  for  thy  son ;  for  I  love  mv 
child  more  than  thou,  and  my  child  is  with 
my  brother ;  therefore  care  not  for  the  sea,  nor 

fear  his  being  drowned,  ,j)}seri^  uia^J 

Grieved,  A^.4JL^  ma^^mUm.  See  Afflicted. 

I  am  grieved,  0  my  mother,  for  that  which 
has  happened  to  thee ;  bat  eyerything  is  in  ac- 

cordance  with  fate  and  destiny,  JX^Jf^ 
j^j^ .     And  when  the  grandmother  of 

the  King  heard  the  words  of  her  son  Saleh, 
she  was  violently  incensed  against  him,  and 

was  agitated  and  grieved,  c:^.im»<i  Uli 


uuJiliil  ^L  \^\  ^1^  il^\  i> 

Grieving,  fart,  Jt^  mughwn, 

Grievingly,  ^^  Jilj  likd  ghamm. 

Grievous,  Jl^  mughum.     See  Pusfol, 

Oppressive. 
Grievously,  Ji?  (JG  Hkol  ctflm,  *i  Jx; 

&iib/  gham.     See  Painfolly,  Oppref- 

sirely. 
Griffin,  griffon,  «.  U:x  ^ofijte. 
Grim,  ^'^{'^  muhib,  tr^y^  ^ahui^yJc 

^dhis.  A  grim  countenance,  ^;mm«£^  I 

tpt^'h  ^hUs, 
Grimace,  ijJS^  kashrat.  [Cat 

Grimalkin,  ifjysP'  ^Li  katia  ^afuse.  See 

Grime,  v.  ^^  iffossakh.     See  Begrime. 
Grimly,  ^y^  ^^^   hi  wujhin  ^o^i. 
See  Horribly,  Hideously;  also  Grim. 
Grimness,  {j^*^  lobi. 
Grin,  ».  (Jt^  talunk,  j^jSJj  takihir. 
Grin,  r.  JiS  kashBhar. 

Grind,  V,  Jh^***  Mhdk,  ^jo^  iahan;  (to 
pulverize),  ^J^^  sahak ;  (to  sharpen', 
^  tann ;  (to  oppress),  JI?  sai!tim.  To 

grind  or  be  grinding,  ^j^s!^  iahan.  Any 

place  where  they  grind,  ^^i.sr'^  m6i' 

hanat. 
Grinder,  $.  ^J^  tahhdn ;  (a  back  tooth , 

c-^U  ndh,  \jMjo  dirs.     The  grindos, 

(jywji^  dttfUs,  ^jm\j^\  adrdg. 
Grindstone,  «•  (^;m«^  musan. 
Gripe,  v.j^ac  ^Mor.   See  Grasp,  Seise. 
Gripe  (grasp),  (JXm^  mesek.        [Colic. 
Gripes,  ^U^  mughdi.    See  BeUy-acbf, 
Grisly,    J^  ffttiAfl^.      See  Dreadfol, 

Horrible,  Hideous. 
Grist,  jJ  J  dakik,  ^j^acr  ^fi». 
Gristle,  i^mj0a£>  ghadrnf. 


6B0 


(697) 


GEO 


Grit,  J^  rami.     See  Ghravel,  Sand. 
Gritty,  (J^y^  murmul. 
Grizzle,  grizzly.     See  Gray. 
Groan,  v,  -.U  ndh,  ^Jj  haJca\    , 

Groan,  «.  »\  dh,  IG  hukd,  ..y  nawh, 

Jjyi  ^ufil,  ijSj  tafrat  (pi.  ^^^J 
sa/ra^).  [^iamman. 

Grocer,  t.  JlL  3ai^J,  jlLr  ^ttdr,  ^CL» 

Grocery,  d-^]^^  hahdrdt 

Groin,  «•  2F^ls^t  a/  khdiira. 

Groom,  «.  ^^L»  idyea,  »^j^  Mrrdj, 
^^Li  tdyei,  A  groom  of  the  bed- 
chamber, v.....c^l».  hdjxb.  See  Cham- 
berlain. 

Groove,  9.j^  futkir,  sJl»-  hufrat. 

Groove,  v,  iji^  ^J^x  ^amal  hufrat. 

Grope,  r.  ^^JuiJ  dasdas,  ^^m^  Zammaa. 

Groper,  9.  ^jmJujJw*  mudmdis. 

^      \  (thick,  bulky),  M^M^^-jaAm,  *Jac 

^1 ,«.. «/  y««.  ;^  j:;:. 

See  Large,  Corpulent,  Fat. — (coarse), 
Li   kahd,   lil£  ghaJl%.     See   Thick, 

Dense. — (not  pure),  j^oUw^^  ghayr 
IhaBf  ^^jt^  g^yr  sdfi,  j^lflL^ 
yhayr  khdlis;  (indelicate),  ^jAu^-li 
fdhish;  (duU,  stupid),  JuL  balld, 
^J^t^^  ahmak. 
Gross,  9.  (bulk  or  chief  part),  f^**^ 
majmUt,,   sJt^  ha9rat\    (a   coUectiye 

Grossly  (bulkily),  t%\*u^  JJj  htkolja- 
9dmat;  (without  delicacy  or  good 
manners),  ^le  Jili  &i^^  ghdldtat. 

Grossness  (coarseness),  ^Ic  ghaldzat; 
(unwieldy  fatness),  «t«L*>-  ja9dinat, 
^j.4^  Mm»;  (want  of  delicacy),  /•JkC 

Zil^  ^a<^m  %ardfat» 
Grot,  grotto,  «.  i^U/«  mughdrat,  cJ^ 


jMU^l 


£aA/  (pi.  uJ^  ibiAd/).     See  Cave* 

And  when  be  heard  my  words,  he  laid  hold  of 
my  hand,  and  said.  Gome  with  me.  And  I 
went  with  him,  and  he  descended  with  me  into 

a  grotto  beneath  the  earth,  ^^  ULi 

Groye,  9.  c^U  ghdh,  lAi.  ghdhaU 
Grovel,  v.  (creep),  ^ulaJ^Lecgrwj  soAff/ 

Ghround,  ^j\  ard,  Aj  halad,  ^-^]/  trdh. 
See  Earth,  Land,  Country,  Begion, 
Territory.— The  snrfaoe  of  the  ground, 
^  i)\  <l8»»^  i^0f  A  m/  ard.  A  race  ground, 
^l  Ju^  mlddn;  (a  land  estate  or  farm), 

cJlL«i  am/^^.  The. ground  or  foun- 
dation of  anything,  ^jj^  9huril^ 
tjcjl  ibtidd;  (cause),  ci.^b  hd^i9, 
\_  -;  ■  «0^5,  ^Lk»ilj  tod9itat.  See  Brca- 
son.  Motive.— The  ground  or  field  of 
battle,  ^^Ju/t  mlddn.  To  fall  upon 
the  ground,  ^^^^  ,J-c  ^^  wdka^  ^ala* 
ul  ard.  The  ground  plan  of  a  build- 
ing, j^j  ra9m ;  aho  the  vestiges  of  a 
ruined  house  on  the  ground.  Anchor- 
ing ground  for  shipping,  L^  mind. 
To  ground  <Mr  lay  the  foundations  of 
knowledge,  AjiS  ^jtXJ\  ^Jo  tarah  a9d9 
ul  ^«7m. 

Ground  {part,  q/*  grind),  ^y^uyb/s  ma9nUn. 

Ground-plot,  9,  (space  which  a  building 
occupies,  \L^\  ^j  ra9m  al  hind. 

G^unded,  ^ju>^y  mua99a9,  ^Jn^*\3^  mu^ 
toMm,  Well  grounded,  '^\j  Jb^t 
^LiHl  ad  rd9ikh  ul  a9d9,  ^U:^!!  if^^j 
rd9tkh  ul  hunydn,  ^^j^^  ^]j  rdsihh 
ul  arkdn,  [mujih  al  a99d9, 

Groundedly,  ^l-»3l^  ^.^.-cj-^  ^Ic  ^aW 


GBIT 


(698) 


GTTB 


Gtonndless,  i_%M«lb  hUdtahab,  ^,L.^\)h 

hUd  hd^is,  i}^t^h  hUd  doM^  J^llb 

lUd  asL  [sahab, 

GroandlefiSDess,  l,>^.mm11  ^J^  ^adatn  at- 

Groundwork,  if  j^li  kd^idat,  (jjX^  oida, 
J^l  ash 

Group,  «.  ^^^^  mqfma^,  ^^'^  j^^t* 
<uUs^  jamd^aL     To  group,  «-<«a^^ 

Grouped,  ^y^^  mqfmU^, 

Grow,  V.  (vegetate),  ^^4j  nama\ 

ndbat;   (increase),  jljjl  itddd,  ^y 

tarakka\     To  cause  to  grow,   i^uw 

nahbaL  To  grow  in  years,  ^^^b  aJ^ 

takaddam  hU  ^omr,  uu^U  ndhit, 

Qrowmg,  part.  L5^^  i»amS;  (as  a  tooth). 

Growl,  r.  ^aaaj  takamkam.     See  Snarl, 

Grumble.  [tnanhitt 

Grown,    aSk^    muidkaddim^    c:.^j^x 

Growth,  ifjbj  ziyddat^  c\i(^j\  indiydd, 
i^V/  tarakkh  See  Yegetation ;  In- 
crease, Advancement,  Improvement. 

Grub,  V.  ^li  kala^  [diLd), 

Grub,  «.  (worm),  ijjj  dudat  (pi.  (i>«J 
(hudge,!;.  *L«ij  tdkamham,  SeeGrumble, 

Murmur. — (to  be  envious),  SM^^-htuad. 
SeeEnvy — (to  be  reluctant),  JJ  U  ^dnad. 
Grudge,  9,  i^\jx.  ^dddwat,  ^joki  huffhd, 
JuM>.  hasadf  Jx  ^hiU.  See  Rancour, 
Enmity,  Envy,  Malice.  —  (censure), 
i«L«  maldm;  (reluctance),  43«^  tarad- 
dud,  cU:;^*!  m^Vnd^,  jlix  ^t»d<7.    To 

entertain  a  gradge,  !iak^\  laA».  Ao/as 
a/  hughida.  [Jum>-  &iib7  AiMtfJ. 

Grudgingly,  jU^  J^  3f%o/  ^t'ndef,  J^ 

Gruel,  Vj>^  ihorhd. 

Gruff  (grum),  a  .U  «drm.  See  Austere, 
Harsh,  Sour,  Morose. 


Gruffhess,  i^\j^  iardmat.  To  look  with 

gruffiiess,   ^/MA^c^  ^i^.J^    nmar  U 
wajhin  mu^Ms. 
Grumble^  r.  ^^X!  iadammarj  JtAssJ  is- 

Grumbler,  «.y« Ja.«  mic<tfi2(iffiflft«r,  ^^Jr^ 

Grumbling,  «.  ^i^iJ  to^mihcjii. 

Guarantee, «.  J^  ib/f  ^  (pi.  &a^  £«/«tt> 

..t^U  (22mm,  ..i^w«M0  (iflmfii. 
Guaranty,  r.  ^^^4^^  420ffMfi,  Ji^  hffd. 

Guard,  s.  (sentinel,  watch),  Sailsr*  ««- 
hd/n,  laiU.  hdjk,  UV^  ^^^^-  ^ 
advanced  or  picket  guard,  iuuit  taH^at, 

^tXLt    muhaddamat    (pi.    ci^L«JlL« 

mwA^oiUicMnJU).  Now  Joharah,  awaking  fro* 
sleep,  was  informed  that  her  father  was 
taken  captiye,  and  thai  his  guards  h^d  heea 
slain.  So  she  went  forth  from  the  palace,  asd 
fled,  alone  \sj  herself  to  one  of  the  klaz^ 

Guard,  f.  (defend),  |^«4i^^»i«',  la£>- 

Ao/os.     To  guard  against,  ^j^j'^z^ 
ihtaxar  min. 
Guarded,  ir^isr^  mahfUi,  See  Defended. 
— (attended),  L^ysT^^^  mashnh. 

Guardian,  9.  ^jf^\  amin,  laiW  ha/h  (pL 

mahdfit,  i<«l^-  Aomf.    A  guardian  to 
orphans,    i^^    wasU       A   ^ardian 
angel,  ^J<js\  CSiy  maldi  ml  Aorw. 
Guardianship,  guardship,  ^lIajIs^  mtiAd- 

foMot^  La\j>-  hirdtatp  ^U»-  Mmofrnt, 

iAiy  UHikdyaL 
Guarding, /?ar^.  ^l^  Admi,  k»l>-  Ad^ 
Guardless,  ^\^  ^U  «id  2aAo  imiAdjB}. 

See  Defenceless. 
Guess,  (jmUj  Aiyd<,  JL^^  tha^fdl,  ^ 


OUI 


(699) 


oms. 


mm  ^^ 

'L^/Togue«,^W. 
Gaeat,  t.  i-J^^i  (&i5/(pl.  f^y^^  <^a/)» 

Jjj3.     To  receive  or  accommodate  a 

guest,  uJli  daf. 
Guggle,  9.  (as  a  bottle  when  decanting, 

or  water  £rom  a  pipe),  Jili  iatta/, 

Jj^  ghtlghd. 
Guidance,  Lt  Jjb  hiddyat,  SjLS  kiydiat. 

See  Gbvemment,  Direction. 
Guide,  *.  (for  the  road),  (ji)^^  J-Jfc> 

<2aM  attarik^  dJUy*  munkid.    A  guide 

to  the  road  of  salyatioQ,  4^jlib  A^f, 

JJ^^  Adtft  o^^ofij^,  Jl&^  murshid. 
Guide,  V.  t^«Xft  hada\    Jj  <^,   JlI^ 

QuideWsSy  ,^j\jb  ^^  J  ^  mni  dUn  hAil, 

Guided,  i^*3c^  mtfA^f .     If  Gk>d  does 

not  anist  thee  ia  what  itioa  pvpoflett  to  do, 
no  creatore  whateTer  can  effect  it ;  and  unless 
He  leads  thee  in  the  right  patii,  thon  mvt 
go  wrong,  eren  if  thon  art  guided  hy  the  con- 
stellation of  Arcturus,  i^\  ^^^•-•^  J  \j\ 

Guile,  ^lL»-  hflat,jiXi.  ghsdr.   See  Gun* 

ning,  Ftaod,  Treachery.  And  it  happened  that 
the  fox  counselled  the  wolf  to  assame  benig- 
nity, and  to  abandon  wickedness,  saying  to 
him,  If  thou  i>er8eTere  in  thine  arrogance, 
probabW  GK>d  will  giye  power  oTer  thee  to  a 
son  of  Adam ;  for  he  is  deyer  in  stratagems, 

artifioe,  and  guilQ,  L^Jjdl\  ^1  (J^^ 

0Uil\  ^Jy  J3)\i  ll^'jJl  J^J^^ 

J^jO  ij\i  |*j1  j^l  (ICL  411  laLi 

Guileful,  JLt  maikdr,  jl«Xe  yhadddr. 
See  Cunning,  Deceitful. 


Guileless,  jSkj^  ^  min  ghayr  yhadr. 
Guilt,  Ua^  kkata,  mjPT  J^rm^  f^^  ^9 

^U  kahdhai.    See  Guilt. 
Guiltily,  ^IJ  J^  hikol  iahdhat.    Bee 

Criminally. 
Guiltiness,  i>^Lj  hdbdhaU     See  Guilt. 
Guiltless,  i^ji  hatl.     See  Innocent. 
GuilUesslj.    See  Innocently. 
Guiltkasness.     See  Innocence. 

Guilty,  ^/B*  mufrim*    If  I  have  heen 

nilty  of  a  fanlt  agaiast  yon,  and  committed  a 
deed  which  gave  yon  o^nce,  I  repent  of  my 
crime ;  and  yonr  clemency  will  extend  to  the 
guilty  who  aares  to  implore  yonr  forgiyeness, 


Guise,    ijya  tHrat,   J^    ihail,   l>-^ 
wajh,    Jt^j  I  ratm.      See   Appearance, 

Eashion,  Manner,  Mien,  Dress,  Custom. 
Guitar,  •- j^  kltdr.  [hp  lijjat. 

Gulf,  f.  i^^J>-  khalij;  (abyss),  ^Jax.  ^umk, 
Gull,  V.  jA£  gkadtir.     A  gull  (trick), 

<LL»>  hilat^  jS£  ghadr.     See  Fraud. 
Gullet,  f.  (^y^  halkum,  jysii^  hanjur. 

Gulp,  V.  ^  hala^  See  Devour,  Swallow. 

Gulp,  8.  ijjJL'shurhat, 

Gum  (fleshy  covering  of  the  teeth),  ^ 

jjUmJ\  lahm  a$$u$idn. 
Gum  (vegetable  aobstance),  we^^  sumgh. 

Oum  Arabici  ^^  ^^^i^  tumgh  ArabU 

Gum  ammoniac,  ^J^^LS  kand  tMihak. 
A    Persian    gum   used    in    dressing 

wounds,  etc.  (saroocoUa),  (jmjM  ^}^ 
kiM  fdru.  The  gum  or  resin  of  a 
pine  or  junipw  tree,  vlXlfi  ^tlifc.  Gum 
tragaoanth,  Xj^  kadra.  Gum  Sanda- 
raoha,  ^jjiH^  tandarHt.  One  lump 
of  gum,  a  gum-drop»  ^aa^  iamghai. 


(700) 


HAD 


0am,  V.  (close  wr  fasten  with  gam), 

^^^  tummaghf  f^^  wasal,  ^yA  IomJL 
Gammy,  ^4>«.jH  ^Jl^  misl  oisamgh. 
Gon,  «.  (cannon),  Oj^  madfa^  S^j^ 

tawh.     To  fire  a  gan,  ^«v«  S-^ 

darab  madfa^. 
Gonner,  »,  ^vfT^  tawhfi, 
Ganpowder,  CL^^b  harUt,  t}^j\i  hdrad. 
Gan-shot,  t.  ^Ju^  LjJ  darhat  madfa^. 
Guigle,  V.  (as  water  from  a  pipe,  or  a 

bottle  when  decanting),  fjJo  hakbak. 

See  Giggle. 
Gast,  9.  (of  wind),  Jis^  nafkat. 
Gasty  gnsto,   Jf^J  tawh     See  Taste; 

Liking,  Eelish*  [Intestines. 

Gat,  ^Jty  ma^*  (pi.  U^l  am^a).     See 

Gatter,  t.  <-^\;V«  mtsra^. 

Gattle,   gazzle,   v.      See  Gormandize, 

Drink,  Swallow.  [care,  Drankard. 
Gattler,  gozzler,  s.  See  Glatton,  Epi- 
Guttaral  (pronounced  in   the  throat), 

^J^  halki;  (belonging  to  the  throat, 

a  gnttaral  letter),  ^J^  ^J^  ^^^ 
halki. 

Gymnastic  (exercise),  4£;Ld^  mwara^. 
Gymnasiam  (place  for  athletic  exercises), 


U    - 


mlddn. 


Gymnic  (athletic  man),  e  jl<4^  musdri^. 
Gyration  (turning  round),  ^\j^iy  dawardn. 
Gyre,  ij}\j  ddyrat.    See  Circle. 
GjYe8,j^\jj  zandjlr.     See  Potters. 
Gyve,  v.jSfTj  %anjar.     See  Fetter. 


H. 


H  is  expressed  in  Arabic  by  -.  and  a. 

The  English  alphabet  having  no  simple 
character  to  express  the  powers  of  «:., 
^  and  ^ ,  A  is  subjoined  to  others 


to  represent  them ;  as  M  for  ^,  yl fsr 

^,  and  sh  for  i^. 

Ha!  (inteijection  of  snrprise),  iS\  «!1^ 

dHah  aUah. 
Haberdasher,  «•  (vender  of  small  wars), 

if*^jf>-  9yi  hoffifd^  kkarda. 
Habit,  ^olc  ^ddat,  ^AcU  kd^idat ;  (a^ 

parel),  (jmU  /t^d#,  iyi^hitwat.  HaHt 

of  body),  «p.t^  mttdy,  wJ^  ^^,  JbuJp 

Habitable,  ^j^ImJ  yiMibii.  One  of  the 
four  habitable  quarters  of  the  globe, 

Habitation  (dwelling  in  a  place),  hLi 
fiknat,  i^\j\  Hcdmat ;  (aplaoeof  abode  » 
^^>  M.I  ^  nuuianf  m\JL^  makdv^,  ^'^^ 
iTuiiton,  cuwo  day/.  To  fix  a  hatita- 
tion,  ^^y  tawatian.  [sVltydii. 

Habitual,  J4>cu**><  musta^malf  c^^Lif  * 
Habituate  oneself,  v.  ^U-  J^    ^ainrctf 

Habitude.  See  Habit,  Eespect,  ReUtica. 
Hack.  V.  jjj^jij  iafta^  bds. 

kuta^.     See  Chop. 
Hacked,  ^kL«  mukaUa^ 

Hackney, «.  (pacbg  horse),  ^^y^  roAirds. 
Had  {part,  of  have) ;  (also  ihej>rHeriU\ 

I  had  a  book,  c^ls^^^Jcj^  ^\^\  «» 

it^  ^an^ft  JK^o^.  And  he  said.  By  Allab.  0 
my  son,  thon  bast  experienced  an  extraordisiuT 

5 reservation ;  and  had  it  not  been  for  the  pre- 
estined  length  of  thy  Ufc,  then  hadst  not  vi- 

oaped  from  these  adversities,  _J  J!i« 

jj\iXuJf .    But  had  not  thy  heart  loved 

me,  and  hadst  thou  not  preferred  me  above  s- 
thy  concnhines,  I  had  not  remained  with  ^£< 
one  honr,  for  I  should  have  caat  myself  'vzv 

the  sea  from  this  window.diLli , .  ^  !»• 


FAT. 


(701) 


HAU 


cr*^^  v^'  ^/^  ^-^-y^j  ^^^ 

• 

Hag,  ifjKsr^  ^}fi^  ^qfHuiohhdra,  ir^Li 

sdhtra.    See  Witch,  Eaohantress. 
Haggard,  haggish,  ^^Ln^  da^f;  (ugly), 
iahih,  w^  ^MAt^;  (antamed), 
«7aA«Ai.     See  Wild. 
Haggardly  (deformedly),  iAj^  ^jiJ  hikol 

Hail,  hailstone,  Ojf  harad^ 

Hail  (a  term  of  salutation),  aI^j  ioldm. 

Hail,  9.  ^Jlc  JLi  M/^m  ^oZa'. 

Hair,yu2i  «Aa^r.    One  hair,  ^^ami  iha^- 


raU     A  curling  lock  of  hair,  ». 

jajiat.     Hair  of  the  puhes,    J^^tJi 

ski^rat.  So  the  Lady  Danya  made  hsa^  her 
two  arms  to  the  elbows,  and  be^an  to  search 
into  the  old  woman's  head  of  h«ir,  whereupon 

the  paper  fell  from  her  head !  C-^^««AJ 

j^\  Li^  ^  ^>^  J^' 

Hair-brained,  ^Jj)b  ^»7a  tadhir,  j^f^ 

tnutahawunr,  ^J^*^-}  wahshl.  See  WUd, 

Hash. 
Haircloth,  Ji^  cA:^  A;Aay«A  «^&^. 
Hairless,  fc^<^jji/r^  qfrUdi, 
Hairy  (very),  ij,]/^  sha-^dnU 
Halberd,  «.  ^j  rumh,   iij>-  harhai, 

y^jy*  mtwrdk.     See  Battle-axe. 
Halberdier,  t.  J^j  rammdh. 

Halcyon.    See  Placid,  Quiet,  Still. 
Hale.     See  Healthy,  Sound,  Hearty. 

Half,  L^AoJ   na$f  (pi.  uJU3l  am&f). 

The  half  of  anything  split,  Uu^  ihik- 
hat.  Half-moon,  Jib  haldl.  Half- 
way, (jij^^  f^Jioj  naa/attarlk.  Half- 


raw  (ill-dressed  meat),  ij  nayy.  To 
look  through  half-shut  eyes,  ^  ^S 

Ax^  uJjb  taUa^fl  taraf  ^yniho. 
Hall,  t.  ixli  kd^t\  (of  audience),  ^^j^ 

divdn ;    (a  court  of  justice),  l^ilsr^ 

tnahkamat;    (the  principal  room  in  a 

house),  ^U)f  dlkd^at. 
Hallelujah,  <0^)Jjb  haMnydk. 
Halloo,  9.  (to  encourage  hunting  dogs), 

Ju^\  L^^-^^  hawtcMh  laidhanayd. 

Hallow,  V.  ^jutf  JJ  taddas.   See  Consecrate. 

Hallowed,  (jMtXLt  mukaddas. 

Halo,  «.  (circle  round  the  sun  or  moon), 

U\jb  hdlat  (pi.  c:.?)IU  hdUt).  And  the 
crowdings  of  the  throng  had  gathered  ronnd 
him  like  the  halo  about  the  moon,  or  the  shell 

about  fruit,  VL:>-\  Xj  L=^L>^t  jJ^ 

Halt,  f^.  (limp),  ^  jC  ^raj.  To  cause 
to  halt,  ^y£  ^arrt^.  To  halt  (stop), 
1^^^  wakkaf\  (to  hesitate,  to  be  irre- 
solute), JJy  taraddad. 

Halt,  halting,  %.  ^  jS.  ^arj.     The  halt 

of  an  army,  JUU1  i^ma^, ^^CmjJI  Jap 

Halter,  «.  J.^.^-  ^/.     See  Cord,  Hope. 

Halve,  V.  u,a.flvlb  ^mjmJ  ibewMm  it7  luw/l 

Ham,  ^^^  l»qV>«>^  ma^f  arrtkhat^  ^Jgj 
jLJt  3a/it  <M«d^ ;  (the  salted  leg  of  a 

Hame,  b,  (horse  collar),  JiUj  sfudj^. 
Hamlet,  «.  ^J^  mosraui^,  ^j)/<  m^** 

sSr»^. 
Hammer,  «.  '9^^^  chdhaj,     A  smith's 

hammer,  ^Ja^  matrdkat. 
Hammer,  v.  ^jjb  tarak,  Ji  J  iJai,  c-^ 

<^a5.     See  Forge. 
Hamper,  $.  J--^J  wmJiJ  (pi.  J-jUj  «ma- 

il/),  Hi  ibf^.   See  Basket,  Pannier. 


HAJT 


(702) 


Ka 


Hamper,  «.  (to  embaxTav),  il^  f 
iharhak,  js>-  A^yyflr.     See  Perjilez, 
Entangle. — (to  eocludn%jJ:ifi>- /flMar. 

Hand,  <•  jj  yo^  (jkL  «/^Ij1  ajrd^). 
The  right  hand,  ,^5^^  <^^  ^^  ^ 
$anm^.  The  two  hands,  ^1jJ\  «/ 
yaddn,  ^'^^  a/  jtm^  The  pahn  of 
the  hand,  i^J^I  a£bf.  A  tendon  of 
the  handy  ^J^^  i^r^  ^^  oaiard^. 
To  make  a  ngn  widi  the  hand,  J^«^ 
itXmi  XjViA  ^amai  ithdrak  hi  yuddiko. 
To  consign  or  deliver  into  one's  hand, 

''^.<^f^  %«««.  H«|d 
writing,  «X[i3sw  Ihatt  yad.  Hand  in 
hand,  Jui  jj  ^tm^  ^aI.  From  hand 
to  hand,  Jj  ^\  Jj  ^  min  yad  %Ui 

yad»  The  hand  of  a  watch,  clock,  or 
dial,  iL^LJ^  S-{7^  ^hroh  asid^ah. 
Beforehand,  i^\awfoalan.  Ontofhand, 
(presently),  )l»-  ^iStin.  At  hand 
(near)  u.^^  ibri3. 
Hand,  v.  (give  from  hand  to  hand),  ^  JLi 

Jj  ^1  Jj  iaUam  min  yad  ila^  yad,  J^l3 

nawal.  And  when  his  uncle  saw  the  son  of  his 
sister  in  this  condition,  and  knew  that*  he  did 
not  like  to  return  to  his  mother,  bnt  would  go 
with  him,  he  took  from  Ms  finger  a  seal-ring, 
on  which  were  engraved  some  of  the  names  of 
God,  (whose  name  be  praised !)  and  handed  it 

to  the  King,  ^^\  J\j\^  JUJ^  ^^\  ^ 
U;,^!  ij\  fXsf  il\J\  nOJk  Jie  is^\ 


^'  ***  r)J.  ^  ^'^  J'  ^frji  u 


\ 

*U.d1  <LJi-e  \L^Li^  UjU»-  tju^  ^ 

Hand-basket,  «.  Jj  Jrt^J  sa»^{^  y«J. 
Hand-bell,  «.  jJl^  \j**j^  j^'^^^  iayhlr. 

See  Small  bell. 
Hand-breadth,  «.  jJ\  l^\j  rdhat  aiyud. 
Handed  (from  one  to  another),  ^  aLum^ 

Juf  ^\  4^  mtMallam  min  yaddin  ila*  y^d. 


Handfbl,  a.  IJLui  Imuk^i,  laui  hMtt. 

A  handlnl    (small   qnantity),   hJL 

MnutPttyy^tm 
Hand  gon,  «•  ^J^^^J  tervdSf. 

Handicraft,  jJ^  Xk:^  mw^  ^^  ^^ 

kirfmt,  And  as  fiir  ^  arte  of  thoK  vko 
practise  handicraft,  tJieir  pminit  *r^**^** 
nothing  beyond  bare  mainteiuraoe ;  and,  beside 
that,  tMy  aronoi  available  at  all  tbae^  for  ^ 
exercise  of  them  is  chieAj  eonfined  to  ^ 
▼igonr  of  life.  Nor  haye  I,  on  expcncas. 
diseoTcrod  a  iiBgle  method  ci  anbairtenet  fttf 
offera  priiea  brai  preciooa  and  eaaj-  to  vis. 
that  is  truly  agreeable,  that  yidds  abandns 
gains,  or  IB  a  source  of  dear  profit,  exeept  Ai: 
whereof  Sasan  laid  the  foundatioB,  vlifle  k 
practised  it  in  all  its  Tarious  bran^iea.  Bide 
its  splendour  to  shine  in  every  ^lectMn,  wd 
di^layed  it  as  a  lantern  to  goide  the  sons  ef 

dnet,  *  tL^lc  \\.n\\  ^^\  uJ^  U. 

Handily,  ^[aXi^  J^  &f Jb/  «m^0^. 
HandinesB,  ^UCmia  tan^h,  ifilL^  «A4i2arai(. 
Handiwork,   jJ\  ^JkJL  thayhal  d  y§i. 

See  Manafactnre. 
Handkerchief,  «.  ^l«^iB^  maArom^. 
Handle,  i,  JiAJ  kabdat,  c^ldj  nisdk  A 

handle  (caose,  pretence),  v_,  -^a-t  sii- 
/Ki^.    Without  a  handle  (|»et»ice),  L 

L^*.^^  ^t7d  mUjib. 
Handle,  v.  cl^w..^  tneiek^  ^jm^  Ismm. 
Handled,  (jm^mu^  mam^iU, 
Handless,  Jo^  ^^^  mtii  ^hayr  yati 
Handmaid,  «.  ^ul^^s^^  ihaddime^ 
Handmill,  dLj^U^  tdhtLne,  a^bor^  sr 

^Aon^.     The  handle  of  %  handmQl,  x^ 

^^lUI  yad  attahUnp, 


KAS 


(703) 


HiLP 


Handaawy  «.  iX[  jUo^  mumhdr  yad. 

Handsel  (the  first  money  a  seller  veeeiyes 
in  a  morning;  earnest),  ^\::i&i.ii  Utif- 
taK    To  handsel,  ShJi  iitafiah. 

Handsome,  J«.4J»*/fffU  J.  See  BeaatiAil, 
Gracefol,  Elegant. — ^A  handsome  for- 
tune, A-fia£  JU  mdl  ^oAm.  A  hand- 
some or  generous  action,  f^;^^^  (J*^ 
Jt^l  Jamil.  And  wliile  thej  were  engaged  in 
the  game,  she  cast  a  glance,  and  heheld  among 
the  soldiers  a  young  man,  than  whom  there 
was  none  more  handsome  in  aspect,  nor  any 
more  beaatifiil  in  appearance,  hnght  in  coun- 
tenance, with  laughing  teeth,  tall,  and  wide 

shouldered,  s,.^.irl  W  ^  ^  U-'-j  *  t 

Handsomely  (beautifully),  ^^;***^  J^ 
JUis»-^  hikol  huifUn  wa  jam&l,  8ee 
Elegantly,  Gbaoefully.  —  (liberally), 
^ /^  1^^^^  ii^  ^^^  Mikhdwatih  toaka- 
ram.     See  Generously. 

Handsomeness,  JUj>-y(0mdJ,  ^;ma».  A«mi. 
See  Beauty,  Grace. 

Handwriting,  Jj  la^  hhatt  yadd. 

Handy,  ^j^  nint^,  Jb\JU  shdttr.  See 
Dextrous. — (convenient),  ^jA  l&yil, 
v«.-^li*«  mttwflitft;  (at  hand),  ^1^- 
Julb  Aoiiir  lU  yadd,  *^fTy  fnatpfud, 
\_-iy  karlh ;  (performed  by  the  hand). 

Hang,  r.  (up),  jlt  ^fl//fl^;  (to  Ml  by 
suspending  by  the  neck),  ^IiJa  shanak ; 
(to  be  suspended),  j;Lu  ta^aUak;  (to 
be  delayed  or  suspnided,  to  drag  or 
lingw),  jaj\3  iaakhkhar,  li^y  tawak- 

haf.     To  hang  upon  the  neck,  J^^^ 
lonok.    See  Bmbraoe.    ijod  I  ordered  them 


to  clothe  thenselTes  wit^  the  long  coats  of 
mailt  to  hanff  on  the  keen  swords,  to  place  in 
rest  the  temble  lances,  and  mount  the  high- 


blooded  horses,  ^^m-Ju  ^  f^  ^U 

Hanged  (strangled),  (jy^l^  tnashnuk. 

Deserving  to  be  hanged,  k^^^^jpuj*^ 

j;iduJ^  mustawjib  ashshank. 
Hanger,  «.  (one  who  suspends),  j;Sjt/e 

mu^ik.    A  pot-hanger,  (mJi^  kuHdh, 
Hanging  (suspended),  part,   and  adf,, 

f^*y    mu^aUikf     JpXL^    tnut^UiL 

Hanging  up,  «.  fJ^jC  ia^llk.  Hanging 

(strangulation),  Jh^  shank. 
Hanging,  hangings  (tapestry),  CL>W J^ 

harddydt.    See  Curtain.  [tioner. 

Hangman,  «•  Si^jalldd.     See  Execu- 
Hanker,  v.  (have  an  inclination  for), 

^\iJ^\  ishtdkf  JU  md^.     See  Desire. 

A  hankering,  J^  tiiay/,  Lsj  rughhat, 

^yti  shawk. 
Hap,   hap-hazard,  ^j^  ^arid,   j\Ju\ 

itii/dk,  JLjjU-  hddisatf  £4mJ  kwnat. 

See  Chance,  Accident,  I'ortune.    To 

hap,  (>!,?.  \fw  hadas. 
Haply   (by   chance),    UU7\   f7^»/d£im; 

(perhaps),  JjJ  la^Ua, 

Hapless,  ^/m^^L«  tnanhUi,  (jr^^a^  ^Ut 
mdlaho  hakht.  See  Unfortunate,  Un- 
happy. 

Happen,  v.  J-tf>-  hasalf  ^  sdr,  jXa 

$adar,  ^jC-  ^arad,  CJJ^»-  hadas.  The 

age  of  thy  son  is  seventeen  yean,  and  he  is  not 
married.  Fearing  that  something  may  happen 
to  him,  and  he  may  not  have  a  son,  I  there- 
fore desire  that  he  should  marry  one  of  the 
Qjaeens  of  ^e  Sea,  that  shall  be  like  him  in 


beauty  and  loveliness,  u/jJj 

.J 


w 


>^J  z>j^'  ,jj  Uu/rf  ilj^ 


HAE 


(704) 


HAS 


Happily  (fortunately),  if  jUms  J^  ^tib/ 

JLil^  Juu.}  (J^  if^/  sa^in  wa  ikhdl; 
(in  a  state  of  felicity),  JucmJ  htsa^din ; 
(with  address),  S^Ux^  J^  ^»ib/  shatd- 

rat ;    (not  laboured),   (Xfs»-  ^J#'^  ^ 
5ite  jaddin  wold  jahd. 
Happiness,  ifoljua  sa^dat,  JlJl  t^^d/, 

Bee  Felicity,  Prosperity.  Therefore,  if  thou  be 
not  in  a  state  of  comfort,  arise  and  accompany 
ns  to  our  country  and  family ;  but  if  thou  be 
comfortable  here,  in  honour  and  happiness, 

this  is  our  desire  and  wish,  l::^:^  ^\i 

^^i-*!^^  j|^\  yfc  \jk^^j^«^.  Where- 
upon the  foj.  was  greatly  ind  violently  excited 
by  hMppiness  and  joy ;  his  anxiety  and  grief 
ceased,  and  in  merry  tones  he  sang  tnese 

verses  ....  bl^^l  u^^Jjdll  L-^^L^li 

Happy,  Jujuj  sa^Id,  t^yuu^  tnas^ad.  See 
Prosperous.  Happy  tidings,  ^^-ri-^^-ri- 
hhdbar  hhayr.  A  happy  omen,  Jli 
CSj\^  fal  mubdrak.  Having  a  happy 
manner  or  fine  address,  ^1^  (^..-.^^-litf 
idhib  Mrdfat,  «— ij^  8«rf/,  v,,.../wLg 
Xiiy  sdhih  latdfat,  uXD  ia/7/. 

Harangue,  s.  Ai  kaldm^  ^^?lla'^v■  khitdh, 
^m]n<  khuthat  or  hhuthah.  To  harangue, 

Haranguer,  Jii^  mutahallam. 


Harass,  r.  ^y  lauwashj  v,,  <^tr7\  «^ui. 

See  Fatigue,  Yex.  [Foremnner. 

Harbinger,  «.  ij^5/umJ  ^yfAt<rfi«A.  See 

Harbour,  «•  (for  shipping),  L^^  mum; 

(asylum),  \jsr^  malfd.  And  lo,  a  vesid. 

approached,  wherein  were  many  merchiBti; 
and  when  she  arrived  at  the  harbour  of  tk 
city,  the  captain  furled  the  sails,  and  bioofbt 

her  to  an  anchor  by  the  shore,  \S* 
Uii -^  jiUsT  l^^  cuJui^ji  *^-r^^ 


Harbour,  v,  (shelter),  j«;^f  iUof*'. 

mm 

Hard  (firm,  solid),  ,^|i  kawi;  (oppres- 
sive), JJ  Jul.  thadldy  JUd  tdlim ;  (diffi- 
cult), ^MMbC  ^Mir,  L,'t>ff  »a^h.  See 
Arduous.  —  (unfeeling),    i<-»Vi    han. 

See  Insensible — (stingy),  ^J-aT  **" 
hhll.  See  Avaricious. — Hard  condition. 
^IcJt  ij^i*us.  laj|^    ihardyet    ^oArst 

arra^dyat.  Hard  to  be  underbtood, 
JiLuL«  mashkah  Hardbound,  ^Cii'^ 
tnunkahid,   fjo^fS^    fnakbud^      Hard, 

hard  by,  c-^^^  ibrfi,  Xx  ^nd. 

Harden,  i?.  ^  J  kawwa\  To  harden  the 

heart,  u^^Jlftll  _JlS  i^Ma'  a/  hdh. 

Hard-favoured,  ,  h  ;  4>  H  ^^^^^  kartk  ti 

mansuir. 
Hard-hearted,  c,.J.aH  ^\j  insl  alU&, 

d,Ao^j^\  j^Ss.  adlm  almarhamatp  ^J^ 
kdsl.     See  Cruel,  Merciless. 
Hard-hearteduess,    tU^^^I  aJlc    ^fdam 

arrahmat,  ^jLi  hudwat.   See  CroeltT. 

Hardiness,  ^Lu^/Mdra^  See  Bravery, 
Courage. — (vigour),  i^  kuwai;  (ef- 
frontery), L^JLii  kittai  hayd.  See 
Impudence. 

Hardly  (with  eeveriiy),  ^U»  JCj  liU 


HAB 


(705) 


HAS 


Jl  «1  ardnib. 


ior&mai.  See  SQarcd7.-^(with  dU&- 
cnlty),  j^^  JG  hibd  jaid.  See 
Rigofooilj,  Un&TouraUy,  Hanhly. 

ExtdDetBfht^  ioldM;  (rigidnefs),  ifj^ 
MkUa,  i^i:^  ^f,  (diffienlty),  " 

Hardship,  J1I9  wulm,  4^tX«J  tacoddl, 

jawr.  See  Oppression^  Injury. — (diffi- 
culty, inconyenience),  ^jy^^  iu^iihai. 

Hardy  (bold,  braye)ij|^«M>-/(Wilr;  (stont)^ 

Hare,  8»  i-^f  amah, 

Hark,  v.  (hearken),  w*:^^^  M^nma^.  See 
Listen. — Hark !  ^^^^  wna^. 

Harlot,  $.  lj\j  tdniyaiy  SJL^-M  fdhUhat, 
SaJ<5  fOnkat,  LJ  hahbaL  See  Whore. 

Harm,  v.j^  dor,  JA?  M&m, jJ^  ghadr. 
See  Injurei,  Oppress^  Damage. 

Harm,  jj^a  darar,  h3\  iuyat.  See  In- 
jury, Hurt,  Damage. — (oppression), 
j^  jawr,  ^^«^  ta^addl,  J]ff  udm  \ 

(fianlt,  crime),  ^*.dAji^«falr.  See  Grime, 

WiekednMi.  Tbe  old  woman  then  came  near 
to  her,  and  said,  No  one  can  ntter  a  word  on 
this  BnVjeet  ont  of  fear  of  thj  power  and  the 
dignity  of  thy  father,  and  there  will  he  no 
httrm    in    thy   retnming    him    an   answer, 

^  JutiH  v::JU^  l^.lr  j^\  w^U 


^^  AS^\  \j 


^r^.^ 


\^\ 


Harmful,  yo^  mudir.      See  Hurtful, 

lojurioufl. 
Harmfully,  ^  ,J^  itife/  darar. 

Harmless,  jo^jti.  ghayr  mudirr* 

Harmoniouii,  harmonical,  harmonic  (con- 
cordant), L%S6  \_-if^^-r  idhib naghmat ; 

(sweet    sounding),    ii^^   mukLgim ; 

(well  adapted),  (ji^y  muwOfik. 


HarmonioDsly  (musieally),  LJv  jXj  iHol 

fmghmat, 
HarmoniousnesSjhannony,  IaJC  naghmat. 
Harmony  (proportion),  iM^y  mutedfakat, 
sj^JL^  mundtaiat;  (concord  of  senti- 
ment), j\sO\  Mi/ak. 
Harness  (for  horses,  etc.),  eu^g^  rakht 
Harp,  I.  CXl>-  jankf  JyP  ^nd. 

Harpoon,  «.  wJlIu'^  hhgiUif. 

Harpoo9i  f.  <»J\]Mrb  dUiswx  mwik  hi 
khatidf, 

Harquebuss,  $.  ^^^j^li  hdrilde.    See  Gun. 

Hftrrow,  «.  4aLm^  nuulafat, 

Harrow,  9.  4.j3Li'««2(i/.  To  harrow  up 
the  soul  (disturb  the  mind),  lij^ 
JUl  Bkawtoath  albdl. 

Harsh  (to  the  taste),  ^  mmr,  0^  hadd. 
See  Sour,  Sharp,  Acrid,  Pungent,  Salt, 
Bitter.'— (in  disposition),  Jj  jJ«  thadld, 
^yus,  ^unfl ;    (violent),  ^^j^  jabri, 

i^j^  kahri.    See  Rigorous,  Seyere. 
Harshness    (of  taste),    ij\^   mardrat. 
See  Bitterness,  Sourness. — (violence), 

L-fl'*f.  ^nf,jfp^  jakr.   "TBLoi^  long  shall 

this  aTorsion  and  harshness  continue  ?    Are 
not  the  tears  which  my  eyes  hare  shed  up  to 

the  present  sufficient?  V^^ ^^^   z^ 

Hart,  «•  Jj^  aya/,  Jj^^  ar^o/.  See  Buck, 
Deer. 

Harvest,  ^yAS^  mahs^l,  j\ma»-  hisdd. 
In  harvest  (or  reaping  time),  c:-^^^ 
jliAc)^  /I  icakt  al  hisdd.  A  harvest 
(opportunity  or  season  of  gain),  u:^^ 
ifjjUlf  t^oj^^  alfdyidat.  A  most  plen- 
tiful harvest,    w^l^l  m,^j^  J^^iS^ 

moA^/  ^0m2in  a/  barakdt. 

Hash,  V.  wLi  ia^/a^.     To  hash  meat, 

46 


HAS 


(706) 


HAV 


A4mS  0^  faram  l^ma,  A  bash,  ^U«3 
Mma»  [rah. 

HaMOck,  t.  * jlfi'  tajjdis,  9j:»a^  ibci- 
Hastc,    ILsP-    ^afalat,    jls^    ta^% 
J^«-»^   fBtufdl,  icj^  9¥r^.     See 
Htiny,   Speed,    QaicknesB,    Celerity, 
Nimbleness,     Frecipitatioii. — ^Making 

haste,  J^E^^^^t  iitatjal.    And  ahe  aaid 

to  him,  Make  haste  and  go  and  bring  him  to 
me  without  any  ddaj  or  any  neeligence; 
and  he  replied  to  her.  On  tiie  headend  eye, 

Haste,  hasten,  make  haste,  r.  ^  ^1  Mrac, 
Jjc^^^^Uj^eyo/.  To  haste,  baateDyCanse 
to  make  haste,  (J^  iW^-  ^  hastener, 
mustuzjtl.    Come  np  quickly 


.    ! 


^^\  aibMM«tt0l^;(iwb,pRcipitat^ 


wmMawwir.      So    vIwb  they 


heaid  hia  wocdi  they 

Sof  temper  and  very 
ted  from  tfaeff 


and  went  in  to  the  king,  V 


into  the  ship,  hasten  to  emhark,  leave  your 
effects,  and  flee  with  yonr  lives  and  saye  yoor- 

selres  from  destruction  quickly,  ^jCj^\ 

Hastily  (in  a  hurry),  XLs^l  ^Jl&  ^ala* 
al  ^ajalat,  Ikj^  sarJ^an;  (with  ye- 
hemence  or  passion),  iJj^^  itX^  jXj 

bikol  hidatin  wa  Mhiddat,  So  when  I  reached 
the  earth,  I  hastily  untied  the  hond  from  its 
foot,  fearing  it,  though  it  knew  not  me  nor 

was  sensible  of  me,  ^\  iwJu^^  LsJj 


Hastiness    (passion,   Tehemence),    irj^l 

Mddat,  iS^  hiddat.   See  Haste,  Pre- 
cipitation. 
Hasty,  J^  ^ajul,  J-^  ^a^\l,  jj^ 
Mirf^;  (yebement,  passionate),  Jj«3J« 


Hat,  f .  ^i^ek^ji  ftomifo. 

Hatch,  r.  (eggs),  sji^^^ji  /mmBgi, 
yjo^  \^  *\^as^  hadanat  &fly^i  (to  ooc- 
triye),  9/^^  Misra^,  ?^^  Mads^, 

Hatch,  t.  (brood   of  chickens),  f^J^ 

iafrlkh.  [^/U  al  iutt^ 

Hatchel,  v.   (beat  flax),   ^^\  ^^ 
Hatchet,  «.  (or  axe),  (jmU  Jat^ 
Hate,  9.  (^^d«J  haghai.     See  Abhor,  la- 
test.— To  hate  one  another,   ^^ioiL.' 

Hate,  hatred,  ^f/  karakiyai,  s\^' 


hakd  (pi.  jUd.1   oAteJ, 
Aiiihl(?,  JjU£>-  hakdyeS).    See  Hatred. 
Malignity,  Detestation,  Enmity. 

Hateful,  ^^S^  makrUK^  i^^yakf  ma§kr 
duly  y^fu^  mabffhud,  J|^*Le^^  S^^^ 
makbuL    See  Malignant,  MaleTolent 

Hatefully,  Z.^  JXj  &i'i&o/  hughdmt. 

Hater,  «.  ^jok^  muhghid. 

Have,  9.  (possess),  2^X£  ctimibAo.  See 
Hold,  Possess,  Enjoy,  Obtain,  ReceiT^, 
Contain. — To  hare  confidence,  j^^l 
i^takad.  To  haye  doubts,  C^  *UL 
To  have  malice,  Jum»-  hamid.    To  ban 

possession,  uJj^  iaiarrrf,  I  hatv. 
J  ft.  Thou  hast,  C<1  £»l  (fern.  ^uJJ 
/ifib*).  He  has,  ds)  Uho  (fem.  l^  /£U\ 
We  hare,  U  /iitd.  Ye  have,  mQ 


HAW 


(707) 


HEi. 


Thej  have,   ^   likum.    Know  then 

that  she  has  a  garden,  adjaoent  to  her  palace, 
for  her  diTersion,  and  she  goes  ont  into  it  once 

a  month,  from  the  private  door,  ^\  Jlfl 

jJiS  i^\»  •     And  he  had  a  hundred 

oononbinee,  hnt  he  had  not  heen  hlest,  dnring 
his  whole  Ufe,  with  a  male  or  female  child  by 
any  of  them,  and  he  reflected  npon  this  and 

hegaa  to  lament  his  own  state,  ^>l^j 


4lU  JjiujL-L 

Haughtily,  aLk7  ^^  htkol  ta^auum, 
L%iac  Jjj  hikol  ^nmat.  To  hehave 
haughtily,  (^-  ta^a^m,JSj  takahhar. 

Hanghtine88,^^I0  takabhur,  \jj^  kibriyd, 

J^  ta^atxum.    See  Arrogance,  PHde. 

How  art  thou  reduced  to  humility  and  sub- 
mission, and  abjection  and  obsequiousness, 
after  thy  disdain  and  pride,  thy  tpanny  and 

haughtiness,  Cy.ajJ1  ^\  CLJj^  \^Jl^ 

Haoghty,^^;!^^^  mutahahhir.   See  Proud, 

Contemptuous. 
Having,  part,  ^Jcx  ^indaho,^        [Draw. 
HanU  V.  u-^,^^  sahah.    See  Pull,  Drag, 
Haunch,  ».  Cjijy  wirk. 
Haunt,  V.  (frequent),  ^  ^  lafd  ^ala\ 

Hayoc,  c^^aT  iakhrih,  \aJu  yaghmd. 
See  Waste,  Devastation. — To  make 
havoc,  S-y^  hharab.  See  Waste, 
Spoil,  Destroy,  Injure. 

Haw,  #.  (web  or  cataract  in  the  eye). 

Hawk,  8.j\i  hdz,  jLa  sakr,     A  sparrow 

hawk,  J^Ij  hdshtk.  A  man  does  not 
attain  (his  desires)  in  his  own  country,  just  as 


a  hawk  catches  no   prey  in  its  own  nesi,, 
^yL^]^  Uj\  ^  jJLj  ^  ^j^\^ 

Hawk  or  hunt  with  hawks,  r.  jy^  S^ 
Jh^UI  ^  taoayyad  tuyikrftl  hdshik* 

Hay,   (jM;JU:>^   hoiMih    (pi.    (jmjII^- 

hashdyuh),  t^lg  ^alaf. 
Hazard  (accident),  cl^jU-  hddi$,  iix^ 

audfat ;  (danger),  jLfi-  Jthaiar. 
Hazard,  v.  ^Jo\:>-  khdtar/i.   See  Bisk* 


Hazardous,  t— fj^c^  mukhnf. 
He,  yh  Aa. 

Head,  «•  (jm|^  rd#.  The  head  or  chief 
part  of  anything,  ^j^j  raye%.  The 
crown  of  the  head,  (jm^^  /^^  tunm 
orrSi.  A  head  9r  head  man,  {j*»\j  rat. 
Headmen  (grandees),  ^^LcT  a^ydn, 
uJU^f  oihrdf,  2f^^  iffujuh.  Head 
(intellect),  Jin  ^o^,  M^fahm,  ijJ\jJ\ 
idrdk,  «^  ^<i3^,  X^l^ybraM^     See 

Understanding. — (source),  J-^^l  m^ 
lli/«  mafMAd,  \ju/*  mabdd.  See 
Spring. — To  make  head  against,  >«>^Ia 

kdwam.  To  be  head  and  ears  in  love, 
(JJ^  ^hek.  Head  and  shoulders, 
\j^  kahran.  See  Force. — From  head 
to.foot,  ^ Jkdl  ^1  u^y^  fj^  ****»  tfira* 
ila*  al  kadam.  The  heads  of  a  dis- 
course^  (^Uof  1  J^^  fiuHl  al  khitdK, 
To  he  at  the  head,  to  take  the  head  of 
a  table  or  other  place  of  honour,  JoJ 
jtxJi\}  ka^ad  M  tadr.  It  came  into 
hiahead,  ^b    J^^ksL  khatir  fi  IdliHa. 

Headache,  «.  ^jt^J^  ^Tj  tcro;^  orrdf. 
Headed  (having  a  head),  {^\j  <d  laho  rdi^ 

Bare-headed,  \jJJ\  u- f^M..C>»  makahnf 

arrdi.  [Stuhhomnese. 

Headine88>  ij\Mi>'jaiarat.  SeeEashnesa^ 


asA 


(708) 


HEA 


Headland,  «.  J^\  {jti\j  ra9  affabal, 
J^\  k^\  «»/ aifabal.     See  Cape. 

HeacBesB,  ^j  ^U  mdlako  r&»\  (ineon- 
8iderate),^Jj  h  htU  UMHr. 

Headlong  (head  foiemoat),  jjf-^  muU- 
hmowir.    See  Baski  Thoughtiese. 

Head-qoarten  (of  an  anny,  «te.),  Jl^ 

Headahip,  Lb\)j  riifoHU.    See  Djgmty, 

Authority. 
Headsman,  i^ls^jttUdd.  See  Executioner. 

Headstall,  §.  (of  a  hridle),  ^U^l  i/^\j 

rd$  ul  Ujdm* 
Headstrong,  heady  (iingeyemal>le)|  ^^ 

m,Ja^  ghayr  mM^. 
Heady  (intozicating),^^^^^^  nmMr. 
Heal,  v.  mtrant.  ^^  ahe/l ;  traiu* ^^JU^ 

shafi^.  To  heal  dissensions,  JU  $alak. 

See  Beeenoile* 
Healed,  (^^^  ^^  ^-'^  M&Mma/mar«^. 
Healer,  s.  jJli  «M/i,  ^^^aA^  mmhfi. 
Healing,  pmi.  ^\Ji^  ihafi.    See  Assua- 

sive,  Oentle,  Mild,  Mollifying. 
Health   (of  hody),  Isf^  sahhat,  iJU 

^afiyat,  iULj  MktnuU,  U^  sha/d.    To 

recover  health,  (.^^U?  tab.    Health  to 

you,  here  is  your  health  (when  drink- 


ing), 4Uilcj  4«f^  9ahh(U  torn  ^aftyat ; 

(salvation),  ^Hr^  it^ate«,  JW*  na/fi^ 
Healthfulness  (of  cKmate),  \y^\  J^JCLi:^ 

i^tidal  al  hawd.  See  Salubrity,  Health. 
Healthy,    <i\jc^  mut^dfl,  <UJlc  l-^^^-I** 

#dAei  ^dfiyaU     To  be  healthy,  ic^^ 

Heap,  9,  L*^  hn/maU  "^^^  majma^ 
•    fUi^r'  y<«»a^,  ifiU>- y<imfi^«^  See 

Pile,  Hillock,  Accumulation,  Oluster, 

Crowd. 
Heap,  V.  ^^  jama^  mif  Immowom* 


Heaped,  ajL«  wdbvuwai,  ^-asje^  mi^ 
tom^.      See  Accumulated,  Piled* 

Hear,  v.  (with  the  ears),  ^4S>^\  i$Um§^ 
^^  Mmiu^  See  Listen,  Hearken.— 
To   hear  judicially  (to  try  causes', 

i^^UjSI  •■^r.^il  utama^adia^wi.  Tbs 

iiiheniMi  MjoiMd  wlien  he  heard  tlia—  woda, 
and  said,  On  my  head  be  joar  commaaiU :  I 

win  rettom  with  you,  o\^\  ^^t^  Uli 

^\j  >  ^1  jii,  t>  ^1  li. 

Heafd,  part,  ^y^^^i^  iiiiim»fi^. 
Heaid,  pnt.  ^ks^\  utama^ 
Hearer,  J.  ^L>  9dm%^  ^j»<t 

'ELdBBRjog,  part.  ^■♦:»».^  mtiffteif ^  ^L 
Mdmi^  The  sense,  a^  the  ozgans  of 
hearing,  «-amJ1  auama^  dM^uJi\  iy 
hlwat  oitdnm^.  A  hearing  or  audi- 
ence, ^^^Jls^^  jl^  hiidUr  id  mafia. 
Within  hearing  (near),  u-<^^  i^nht 
jc^  ^tfti.    See  Near.  [Lbteo. 

Hearken,  v.  9^'i^\  i$tama^.    See  Hear, 

Hearsay,    ^y^***^  aK   kaldm   puumu^ 

And  he  said,  Tes,  0  my  node ;  and  I  beeaxae 
enamoured  of  her  from  hearsay,  when  I  heard 
what  you  said.  My  heart  is  t^ptiraied  ^ 
devoted  to  her,  and  I  have  not  force  nor  pa- 
tience to  be  £ur  from  her,  *jcJ  J^ 

Heart,  «.  u^  il«^  (pi.  c^jli  ^N 
Eejoicing  the  heart,  v»JuiI^  CJ^  **' 
/rih  al  kalb.  Pure  of  heart,  ^^jk 
^lijs!  \  khdlie  mljandn.  Heart-brokea, 
jiu^-f  i^Ji  ib2&  ma^tOr.  IVom  the 
bottom  (inside)  of  the  heart,  ^ 


HEA. 


(709) 


HBE 


heart,  c^JlaSI  ii\ya  muMal  hM.  Hard- 
hearted,  c^JJt  ^U  hM  al  hM. 

The  flame  of  lore  for  those  (l^diM)  bontiniiee 
ever  buraing  in  the  hearts,  jwt  as  the  fire  of 
hospitality  continaes  to  be  kindled  by  these 

(men)  on  the  heights,  ^^^j^  L::>vy7 

Hearten,  #.  ^^^/y  kamfia*  kalbak^ 
See  Animate,  Eacourage. 

Heartilj  (sincerely),  Ui  ItMan,  JOuJlj 
hihidi;  (eagerly),  j^  JG  hiholihawl. 

Heartiness  (sincerity),  ^i-i^  haklkat, 
«)i9^Ju0  9addhat\  (ardour),  ^U4i»»  ^tm- 
mlatf  ij^fC.  ghayrat.  [Timid. 

Heartless,  c.Ji  alU  md2tiAo  ib2&.     See 

Hearty  (sincere),  JjU  «diti(;  (in  full 
health),  ^^^cl^  mn^^d/f.  See  Healthy, 
StroDg,  Vigorous. 

Heat,  *^|^  har&rat,js>-  harr\  (passion), 

%^^r  ghadab\    (ardour,  zeal),  ij^i. 

ghfrat.  He  joarneyed  on  during  the  whole  of 
the  remainder  of  that  night,  and  the  next  day, 
until  the  beat  of  the  sun  became  fierce,  and 
the  mountains  were  of  a  burning  heat,  and 

thirstoppressedhim  most  violently, jLui 

Heat,  V,  ^<4^>»  hamnia* ;  (to  make  fever* 
ish),  f^^^^-^-  hammam;  (to  enrage), 
c,  ^^nr]  aghddb. 

Heated   (warmed),    A^-^b^^^    ma^miim, 

i^yL^  muihawwih ;  (enraged),  c,>j.rit^ 
maghdnh,  c^ij^Jr  ghadnh. 

Heathen,  «•  ^J^  wa»anl^jl^  JtOfir, 
Heathen,  oAj,  y!^  hifity  ^^^  wMUta. 
Heave,  p.  (lift,  raise),  Oj  ra/a^. 
Heaven  (paradise),  UaJ\  aisamS,  ^^^J^f 
al/ardMD$;  (tkj),  \aJ1\  (fuamd.  .The 


heayias,  d^l^UyJ^  aaamdwdL    The 
highest    heaven    (the    xesidence    of 

Omnipotenee),  cMsPi  vl^U  falak  a/ 
aflak  The  heaven  er  sphere  (of  the 
moon),j^\C^/aiakulkamar.  The 
starry  heavens,  a^^'  (*^  wiMt  MiN^'am. 
Heavenly,  b/^l«w  Mwidi^f  •  The  heavenly 
luminaries,  UmJI  ^jLb^  mafddih  m- 
MinJ.  [iiU)  Mib/  Mkdlal, 

Heavily  (ponderously),  Laj  iolalan,  Jij 

Heaviness  (ponderonsness),   JjJ  «iifc^; 

(dejection),  ^  ^Aam.      See  Sadness, 

Oppression.  —  (dullness,     stupidity), 
JjUl\  AtX£  ^adam  pt  ^kl. 

Heavy,  J^  $akll  (pi.  JUj  «ajto^) ;  (op- 
pressive), Jli?  sdMn.  [Weekly. 

Hehdomadal,     ^^^^^     M^^i.        See 

Hebrew,  ci^^  ^t^Ani.  A  Hebrew 
(Jew),  v^^^  gahudi. 

Hectic,  (Jy  J^  madkfkh,  A  heetie  fever, 
jjjj\  X4i^>  himmat  addak. 

Hector,  t.     See  Braggadocio,  Bully. 

Heed,  v.    See  Attend,  Mind^  Begard. 

Heed,  l:cx\  t^tind.  See  Care,  Attention, 
Caution,  Observation,  Notiee,  Begard. 

Heedful.  See  Attentive,  Watchful,  Care- 
ful, Cautious. 

HeedfuUy.     See  Attentively,  etc. 

Heedfulness.     See  Vigilance,  Caution. 

Heedless.     See  Jncaution,  Careless. 

Heedlessness,  ^Llii  ghaflat.  See  Inat- 
tention, Negligence.  I  then  returned  to  my 
reason  and  recovered  from  m  heedlessness,, 
and  found  that  my  wealth  baa  passed  away^ 
my  eondition  had  ohaoged,  and  aU  I  had 

possessed  was  gone,  ^\  kj^^nokj  ^J\  ^ 


HEI 


(710) 


HEL 


Heel,  #.  ^^^n^  Jk^.  The  teodon  of  the 
heeli  ^->y^  ^arkah.  A  oook  who 
seUs  cow-heel|  or  the  feet  of  cattle  in 
general,  ajU^  cIj  haj^^  mak&dam. 

Hejra,   «•   (Kuhammadan   era),    ij^^ 

.    alhejraL    The  year  of  the  hejra»  i:»^ 

ijjs^\  tannat  tU  hfijraL 

Heifer,  0.  ^lLb^  ^ijUL 

.Heigh  ho !  <J]t  iS^\  aUah  aUah. 

Height,  ^UJjI  trtifd^f  ^  ^A.    See 

Elevation,  Ascent,  Dignity. — Build- 
ings of  a  conspicuous  height,  <<.j  v  )\ 
cUJ^)!  ^U?  ahniyat  zdhirat  id  irti/d^. 

The  height  of  the  tide,  iV«  mad.  The 
height  (full,  completion),  Aaj\  itmdm, 

JU^  hamaL     The  height  of  exertion, 

tam.  They  shun  tbe  society  of  men,  have 
yellow  eyes  and  black  faces,  and  are  of  small 
size,  the  height  of  each  one  of  them  being 

four  spans,  jjywUl  ^  ^^L^-^Lu^  ^ib^ 

j\J^\  ^1^  f»^  Jk^-lj  ^ 
Heighten,  t^.  ^JLc  ^a//a'.    See  Elevate. 
.    — (to  meliorate),  J^  sallah.   See  Im- 
prove.— (to  aggravate),  JIj  aakkal;  (to 

embellish  by  decorations),  ^^,jJ  tayyan. 
Heinous,  Jj  Jul  shadid,  i^yjL^  ma^yikh, 
jljJ^  sharlr,  ^JJi»  shakl.     See  Atro- 
cious,   Wicked. — A    heinous    crime, 
A^£  u^  J  %anb  ^azlm, 

Heinousness,  j\^fMdd,jJ^  shar*    See 

Wickedness. 
Heir,  «,  ^^j^^  wdrit  (pi.  i^j^  warasiU), 

Heir  apparent,  J^\  ^^  u^i  al^ahd. 

To  appoint  an  heir,  v^^  warraa.     I 

wonder  at  the  fool  who  leaves  behind  him  to 
heirs  whatOTer  ^aiushehas  accumulated;  they 
gather  his  goods  together,  and  then  shed  at 
his  tomb  apparent  tears,  behind  which  larks 


*  r^!^  <dt«  mdlaho  wdrii 


9L 


the  joy  of  the  heart,  ^^jlLJ  cum^ 

Heiress,  8.  ^j^^  wdruat 

Heirless, 
^  la  tpdru  laho. 

Heirship,  ij\j^  ufordM^,  *^ji^  mlrmM. 

Heliotrope  (sunflower),  ^jm^m,S  t  j^Jj^^ J 
tahar  dawwdr  euhshamt. 

Hell,  Ji^r>-  jahannam.  Hell-fire,  J^ 
A^^l^-  Mdr  jahannam.  The  lowest  pit 
of  hell,  ^^^JiUl  Ja^\  a#/ii/  assa/in. 
The  inhabitants  of  hell  (the  damned, 
the  infernal  powers),  ft^p^  iJJ^\  aJU 
jahannam. 

Hellish,  j***-^  jahannamt. 

Hellishly.     See  Infernally,  Wickedly. 

Hellishness.     See  Wickedness. 

Helm  (of  a  ship),  l^j^\  H^  daffat  «/ 
marJuj^* 

Helmet,  «•  (helm),  Jy>-  khud,  or  Jjy>> 
hhatodat.  A  texture  of  iron  rings 
hanging  from  the  back  of  a  helmet, 
<0  J;J  zaradiyat. 

Help,  Z}jlx^  ma^dwanat,  JX«  maddai, 
^jz  ^um,  <uUl  t^dna^,  ^^«a}  nasrai. 

By  God's  help,  .^11  ^^\j   U\avn 

.   a/  tlahi.     To  beg  for   help,  ^\jc»:< 

ista^n,  tXASi^\  tstamad. 
Help,  V.  JlcL  «(3&«i,^^lc  ^aeran,  ^Ic  ^dh. 

See  Assist,  Succour,  Core,  Bemedy. 
Helper,  «.^lj  nd«tr.  See  Assistant. 
Helpful,  ^^^  mti^dfriM,  Ju&«  muftd. 

See  Useful,  Salutary. 
Helpless,  ^j^^m^  ^t«  mdlaho  m«^ijt. 
Helplessly,  JuUI^^^  highayr  i^dnmi. 
Helplessness,  jIj^SI  >%j>£  ^adamaiimad&d. 


HEB 


(711) 


HEB 


Helter  skelter,  <daJ^  JG  bikol  khar- 

hatah.     See  Pell-mell,  Gonfoaedly. 
Hdve,  «.  (handle  of  aa  axe),  ^laUt  JJ 

yad  id  halta.     See  Handle. 
Hem  (of  a  garment),  jUf  kandr,  ^J»l>- 

hdshitfat. 
Hem,  1^.  (a  garment),  ^jJL\^iJa^  ^mal 

hoihiyat.     See  Border,  Edge,  Fringe. 
Hemisphere,  t.  sjop\  uJ*fl'>  no^^  «/  orif, 

i^l jJl  fc— ft.d,i  naif  udddi/raL 
Hemistich,  «.  9)/^^  mtVrS^.    The  first 

part  of  the  first  hemistich  of  a  poem, 

J  J^  sadr.    The  last  part  of  the  hemi- 

stitch,  ijo^jC  ^rUd, 
Hemlock,  ^]/^  thawkardn. 
Hemorrhage,  «.  a«m\  J^  My/  addam, 

uJlc;  n'^fi/.     See  Flux,  [roids. 

Hemorrhoids,  y^^^  hudsir.     See  Erne- 
Hemp,  u-.^  kinnib. 
Hempen,  ^<f^  i^tnni^l. 

Hen,  «.  (domestic),  i>-U- J  (fa/ei/'*^  (P^* 
Ll^U-l^J  dajdjdt)* 

Hence  (from  this  place),  cJlJb  ^^  min 
hundk,  Lib  ^t^  min  hand  ;  (in  another 
place,  absent),  u^UyAay}^;  (for  this 
reason),  Ci3  J  J^l  ^^  «»»»  <y/  ««/«*. 

Henceforth,  henceforward,  ^11  ^^^ 
\jL£l.0^  min  aldn  wasd^dan. 

Heptagon,  9.  ^\jij^\  y-.M.>^  musabha^  as- 
sat£'<3yd. 

Her,  lib  Ad,  as  l^jl::^  kitdhihd,  her  book. 

Peace  and  salatations  from  the  treasuries  of 
the  grace  of  my  lord  be  on  her  who  possesses 

my  soul  and  my  heart,  jjSJj-^  ^;^  (•*-* 

Herald,   «.  ^jS\:^  mtmdif*     See  Har- 
binger, Forerunner. 
Herb,  herbage,  lz:\J  nabdt. 


s^3J  ^-^  cT*  Lf^  * 


Herbaceous,  iJU3  iM^d^I. 

Herbalist,  herbarist,  «•  c^lLe  ^oiAtAd^. 

Herb- woman,   «.   ^^«<3i>.L:Lj   hayyd^at 

hhudrat.  [Troop,  Crowd. 

Herd,  «.  il&U>-  jamd^at     See  Flock, 
Here,  Ujb  hand,  LibU  AdAtfnd.     Here 

and  there,  cJ^jJbjUjb  Aana  tc^Atfnd^. 

Here  comes  Peter,  (jm^  LibU  AdAand 

Butroi.  Here  comes  Paul,  ^^y  l:Jblib 

AaAnna  ^u/<w.     0  thou  person,  what  is  thy 
name,  and  what  is  thy  nature,  and  what  has 

placed  thee  here  in  this  manner  ?  \^\ 

Hereabouts,  li^  ^-r^y   ^^"^^  lihand. 
Hereafter  (a  future  state),  J^r^^iJl  ^ 

fllmastakhil;  (from  this  time  forward), 

^J\  ^  mm  aldn, 
Hereat,  ^JJS  J  JkXc  ^ndzaliL  See  Hereon. 
Hereby,  tl^  J  ^  min  zalik, 
Hereditable,  ^^^^jy  mawrHt.        [age. 
Hereditament,  CjU^  mtrd^.  See  Herit- 
Hereditary,  ^vl/r*  wlrd^l.    Hereditary 

possessions,  ^-^jjy^  u^  mdl  maicrus. 

By  hereditary  right,  hereditarily,  j;^^ 

CjL^sit  hitarlh  al  tnirdB, 
Herein  ttX^  hi  ha%d. 
Hereof  or  herefrom,  1  JJb  ^^  mm  Aasd. 
Hereon,  \jJb  ^-U  ^flfe*  Aa»d,  ^Jb  Jj>-S 

/•  0/7  Aocd. 
Hereout,  \iJb  ^  mm  Atfnd. 
Heremetical.     See  Solitary. 
Heresy,  ^  JJ  bad^t,  iiiojlb  hartahtt  (pi. 

ij:j\^jib  hartakdt). 
Heretical,  ^Vj^y^  hartukh 
Heretically,  H^yb  Jij  hikol  hartakat 
Hereto,  hereunto,  (Jj3j  ^\  ila'  fudiL 
Heretofore,  UJJUmuA0</(/aman,  wjj^ 

min  kadim,  \A)\»a»dbikanf  'ij\  awwalan, 


HEW 


(712) 


filO 


ILS  hAlan,  ItJji  hailmM.    Ashen- 

tofoifei  jjit  _1  U^  Jbmd  fit  awwU, 

J^)l^  h&htDwal. 
Herewitli,  li)  /o/Sifi,  ^  tayyaho.   ' 
Heritable,  C^l^^l  (^;^^    mt^mKn  a/ 

Heritage,  Cj||^  m\r&$,  k£jj\  an,  ij\j^ 

wardsai,  l^y  tardkai. 
Kermapbodrite,  «.  iA^^  Jthanaa*. 

Hermes,  ^/'^j^  hmnei. 
Hermetical.     See  Chemical. 
Hermit,  «.  ^j  %dkid,  lL^LAj   ndstk, 
i^L>  idyth, 

Hermitagei  iji^j^  $auma^aL 
Hernia,  §.  ^l:J  fiidk.     See  Enptare. 
Hero,  t.  (brave  man),  f  l«***  ihajd^,  f^j^ 

gha%l,   JJj  hdttl    The  hero  of  the 

age,  f^^J^\  \^)^j^  kahramdn  aaamdn, 
Heroio,  heroical,  j\^\j^  ka$ir  ajjahdd. 

A  heroic  achievement,  Ui  ghatd  (pi. 

iJL:^^\L  ghatwdi),  [See  Bravery. 

Heroism,  icls:*^  shajd^i,  ^*\;^  jaraaL 
Heron,  #•  ^d^j  dunguU,  uXimJI  J  1^1 

a^ildl  astamak. 
Hers,  l^L^  mtf^d^a^. 
Herself,  Ifuuij  nafiuhd. 
Hesitate,  v.  i^^y  tawakkaf,  ^Jby  tawah' 

ham,  CXmi  «Aa£. 
Hesitation,  JJ^   taraddud,   jjb^  wahm. 

See  Doubt,  Irresolution. — (stammer- 
ing), Jj  rod.  Without  hesitation,  1j 
l^  hid  Mhhat. 

Heteroclite.    See  Irregular. 

Heterodox,  ^yj^s.  gha/yr  mUmin, 

Heterogeneous,  heterogeneal,  i^^li:^ 
mukhdlif,  fjj^yj^  ghayr  muwdjii, 
JjUa^^  ghayr  mutdhik.  See  Dis- 
similar. [Plane. 

Hew,  V,  -ac*  nt^'ar.      See  Out,  Fell, 


tf  • 


Hewer,  jW*  lufffdr. 
Hexagon,  f.  ^/anImahi  minaHmn. 
Hexi^0Dal>  hexangular,  \^yJi^  ^jn^Xm^ 

mtuadda^  amawdyM. 
Hexaped,  i.  (animal  With  dz  feet),  ^1 

^J^j\  is^  ahu  tittat  arfal. 
Hey!  heyday!  Jit  J)l  aUah  aHUL   A 

heyday.    See  Frolic. 
Hiatus.     See  Aperture,  Gap,  BrecM^. 
Hibernal,  i^fJ^  shaiaui. 
Hid,  hidden,  ^y^  mMfi,    ^^JzJ:^ 

mukktafl,  jj'utu^  mastUr,  aV.C ^  mmk- 

taiim.      See  Concealed. 
Hide,   V,   (conceal),  iJ^\   a}Jkfa\  (to 

conceal  oneself,  or  be  concealed),    Je^ 


%khiafa\  And  thou  leekest  to  escape  &e 
detection  of  ihy  nei^hbonr,  while  thou  st 
under  the  notice  of  thy  Great  Observer.  Asd 
practise  concealment  from  thr  slaTe,  tkeo^ 
thou  canst  not  hide  one  secret  from  thy  Master. 

Hide,  ».  Ji>-  jild  (pi.  JjU-  /e/fiii).  A 
hide  of  fine  leather  (morocco),  j^Lsi^ 
itkhttydn.    See  Leather,  Skin. 

Hideous,  ^^^  io^iA,  ^^  tkmfcj  SjX^ 
inakruh,  l^js^  mukhnf,  J^^  mukil, 
v_— f--  mtfAf3.  See  Ugly,  Deformed, 
Horrible,  Dreadful.  Hideous  in  coun- 
tenance, AxlJ^  t^^  kallh  al  mmaar, 

il«A^t  SjS  karlh  astHraL — A  hideous 

monster,  c:^^^  la/rit,  [rmi. 

Hideously,  if^J<^  ^t^  *•  natc^  mul- 
Hideousness,    ^L^    $hand^at      See 

Ugliness,  Deformity,  Frightfulnees. 
Hider,  9.  (one  who  conceals  anytlusg;, 
^jlf^  khdfi;  (one  who  oonceala  him- 
self), ^JsJ:^  muihiafl.     See  Hide. 


mot 


(913) 


HUT 


Hiprglady-piggledy,    ^^  Jij    Mfeo/ 

khariaia.     See  Confuaedly. 
High,  ^i^  mtrtafi^t  ^^  ^<*^»  tr?*; 

''^^t'  ^y^  ^aiitPly  (^^  •dmf,  ^^:Mirf 

miTtk).    Most  High,    1^<  a-M.    The 

Most  High,  ^Ut^  ^GUcu  j;^!  o/^iil 
sabkdnaho  wa  ta^la*.  See  Ood. — 
High-bom,  (*-A£  .mi  ihartf.  High- 
minded,  ^;fi^  mutakabhir.  High  in 
price,  ^Ic  yAci/f.     A  high  mountain, 

^Iji  J>t^  yo^a/  «^dmii^ 
Higher,  ^jl  orfa^  ^X^\  a^Ia\ 
Highest,  ^Ji^  alarfa^  vJ^^'  aUt'^k^. 
Selling  to  the  highest  bidder  (by  aoo- 
tion),  j|^l^  ^^t  «/  ^^  hil  numdd. 
Highland,   i^r^  jahall.     See  Moun- 
tainous. 
Highly,  ^  JCj  hikol  ^H ;  (in  a  high 
degree),  ^Uj  hi  ghdyai.    See  Greatly 

— (proudly),^^Jcj  hiiakahbur,j»j£  Jij 
hikol ffhurUr;  (with  esteem),^!^^  J^ 
hikol  iviihar,  ij:j\isi\  Jij  hikol  ilti/aL 
Highness  (elevation),  9^j^  irti/d^;  (a 
royal  title),  i^«a^  kadrat,  «-«9L>- 
jandh.     See  Exalted  in  dignity. 

Highway,  «.  ^U  (JiJ^  ^^*^^  t"^*»'  '^®® 
Boad,  Way. — A  toll  paid  for  guarding 
the  roads  against  highwaymen,  yfti 

Highwaymen,  ^Jljff  f^  kuttd^  tarik. 

After  a  while  the  dost  cleared  a  little,  and  we 
discoTered  in  the  midst  of  it  fifty  honemen, 
like  fierce  lions,  covered  with  iron,  whom  we 
perceived  to  be  Arab  highwaymen,  who  intended 
to  dash  against  ns.  We  avoided,  however,  con- 
ing into  collision  with  them,  t^JJlSj\^ 

\i\^  ^^  U^ti  ^j  «>i*3^  tr?'^ 


Hill,  f.  JJ  taU  (pi.  ji;  tddl). 

Hilt,  Z^  kdhdat,  Jj  yoiltf,  v— aj*Jl  ^Lo^ 
kahdai  auayf. 

Him  (preceded  by  a  preposition  or  the 
sign  of  the  genitive  case),  n,  as :  Jojy^ 
hn  noMoray  he  saw,  »Jaj^  hu  nazarhu, 
he  saw  him.  Himself,  ^mJj  tMfiuhu. 
An  admirer  of  himself,  ^l^-  ^^U 
^d«A»i&  hdlaho.  Master  of  himself,  lajU 
4ll>- (^dit^Ad2(f^.  He  himself,  ^Uyi:j 
hi  naftihu,  CJ^JJb  atssd^.  The  boy 
threw  himself  into  the  river,  i<Md)l 

j^\  ^  ^Uii3  ^^j  (u$ahl  rama*  nafmho 

fVl  nahr,  0  King!  said  the  young  man,  if 
thou  haat  heen  asleejt,  awake,  for  there  is  be* 
tween  thee  and  thy  city  the  distance  of  a  year's 
journey  to  him  whotravelleth  with  the  greatest 

diligence,  Ji  C£l^\  l|^.\  s^Lll\  JUi 

Hind,  t.  (female  of  a  stag),  ZJhi  gha%&» 
lai.     See  Deer. 

Hinder,^?  dkhir.  See  Posterior. — The 
hinder  part,  j£>^'i\  aldkhir.  On  the 
hinder  part,  \jy  ^  min  ward.  Hinder- 
most,  hindmost,  ,^^1  dkhlr.  See  Last. 

Hinder,  v,  ^j^  mana^,  Ju^  sadd,  ,jOJu 

ta^arrad.    See  Obstruct,  Prevent. 

Hinderance,  ^U^  mumdnacat,  L^Xm^ 
mu^dradat,  ^1^  man^,  c/V^  ta-jarrud, 
^t«  f»dni^,  Jutf  Aii.  See  Impedi- 
ment, Stop. — Ahinderer,  «Jt«  mdni^. 

Hindoo,  ^^JcJb  Sindl, 

Hindostan,  ^\s>^^JcJb  Sindilstdn,  jL 
tXU^\  hildd  ul  hind. 

Hinge,  «•  l^\^\j^j\>'  jdrHr  ul  hdh, 

ujU\  i^..M  fakh  id  hdh. 
•    •       •         c 


ms 


(714) 


HOB 


Hint,  V.  (give  a  signal),  ^^  wanu^,J^ 

Hint,  «.  (signal),  ij\J^\  ishdrat,  iAii 
kindyat,  y^j  ram%,  U£  ghamMj  *\aj\ 
Ima,  j^  khdbar.  See  Saggeation, 
Intimation*  [awrdk). 

Hip,  #.  (bone),  Cij^  unrh  (pi.  c)\j^ 

Hip  (dejection  of  spirits),  \  J^  $awdd. 

Hippish,  hipped,  i^f  J*^  iowddwi. 

Hippopotama8(iiTerhor8e),  j;J  J  iamiit, 
j^^  U**^  /iTM  a/  iaAr. 

Hire,  v,  (take  on  hire),^^ls-c^  istdjdr. 
To  let  on  hire,  1^  ilara'. — (let  in 

farm),  js^-]  ajar.    To  hire  or  bribe, 
iJi?^  hartal. 

Hire,  1^  iEtirfl,  ^U-\  fl/flr,^l  <j;r.  See 
Wages,  Becompense,  Beward.  —  A 
broker's  hire  or  commission,  ilUj 
dildlat,  ijMA>mi  iamiarat. 

Hired,  ij^<^  fnuhra\ 

Hireling,  j^^^  afir.     See  Mercenary. 

Hirer,  #.  g^l^  kdHy  S^/^  muhrl.     A 

hirer  of  horses,  mules,  etc.,   o;l^ 

mukdri.  A  camel  hirer,  J  Uis^-jammd/. 
His  is  denoted  by  if  hu  subjoined  to  the 

preceding  word,  as:  His  book,  ^^\s^ 

hiidhuhu. 
Hiss,  v,jLa  safar. 

Hiss,  9.j^  saflr.  [J^^f^f* 

Hissing  or  whistliug  as  the  wind,  ^jfl» 

Historian,   historiographer,   '^jy   vf^^ 

arrikh,  ^ij^jy^  tnU'Warrikhin. 

Historians,     ^jy^jy     mu-tcarrikhun, 

Historical,  ^a^^jlj  tdrlkhh         [tdrtkh. 

m 

Historically,  f^j^\  (SiJ^^  ^  ^^^  ^^' 
History,  fCj^  tdrikh  (pi,  fCj\y>  tawd- 

rlkh)t  ^^^^   hikdyat,  iA^j   riwdtfat, 
jf^  khahar  (pl.jl-fii-l  akMdr).   A  true 


history,  iAjJ\  issxs^  ij\i^  kOdfa 
iohlhat  «/  riwdfoi.  A  poetical  «r 
fabnloos  history,  f^U^  kUsdfmt^  i^U^ 
riwdyat.     See  Fable. 

Hit,  9.  s^  darab.  See  Strike,  Scst 
—To  hit  the  mark  or  batt,  c^U  wi. 

Hit,  «.  iij^  darhatf  Z«  jUo^  mtodrfwig^. 

See  Blow,   Stroke. — (chance),    jUj' 
Utifdh. 
Hither,  hitherwaid,  l:J^    J^  1Z0*   ibad. 

Hither  and  thither,  cJi^l^  hta^ 

wa  hundk.  [tZs'  ktad  aldsL 

Hitherto,  Ji\  J\  Oei'  aten,  Ji\  ^  JJfc  J' 

Hive,  f.   (swarm  of  bees),   o-s^  ijf 

kuwdrat  tiahl. 
Ho !  hoa !  \j  yd. 
Hoar,  hoar-frost,  Jy  ^^  kun  &«s. 

Hoard,   t.    ij^A^Vt^    matmUrat.      See 

Treasure. 
Hoard,  v.  J^Amp  tammad.  See  Store,  Layap. 
Hoariness,  c^j^  «Aay5, 


8ee  Gray  haiiB. — Be  then  admonished  by  th^ii 
who  hefore  thee  ha?e  been  coTered  with  doiL 
and  hasten  to  enter  the  way  of  tby  desttnancft 
Dost  thou  not  see  that  thy  hoariness  is  caUicc 
thee  to  thy  tomb  P  and  me  whitenees  of  tb^ 
hair  is  inntins  thee  to  deplore  thy  f;ite  ?  Be- 
ware then,  and  prepar«  thyself  for  departart. 

and  for  giving  account ! 


-Tf 


s^V 


MJLki^ 


i  1^*^  ijr^ 


h 


Jtr  ^ 


mahhuh.  To  grow  hoaxse. 


Hoarse, 

^\  anbah. 
Hoarseness,  i^  hahhaL 
Hoary,  u.^l-1  «Adyfi.  See  White,  Gray, 

Mouldy. — ^Hoaty  hairs.  See  Gray  hair^ 
Hobble,  ^jA  ^araj\    See  Halt,  limp. 


HOL 


(715) 


HOU 


Hobblingly.    See  Awkwardly,  Unskil- 
fully, [hiadn  wghlr. 
Hobby,   «.    (small  horse),  jJl^  ^Ua^w 

Hobgoblin,   «.  ^^^  jmnU     See  Elf, 

Fairy,  Demon. 
Hobnail,  9.j\a,*m^  mismdr. 

Hodge-podge,  lAsL  hhalt,  ^^Lsr^  mu- 
ihlnta.     See  Medley. 

Hodiernal,  ,<^j£  yawmU 

Hoe,  *.  ^lLjs^  mt^afat. 

Hog,  #.  ^jiflS-  l;^tf»8lr.  Hogs,  ^jVisS- 
khand%lr.  Hog's  lard,  Jir-^  z*-^^ 
f^Am  i^AansIr.    Hoggish,   ^^^Jj^^ 

^Aanslrf.     A  hogshead,  ij^*^  3arml/. 
Hoist,  hoise,  r.  <^^  ro/b^.     See  Baise. 

— ^To  hoist  sail,   c  ^1  u^^cr"  M^i 


Hold,  r.  (contain),  ^^^JL>-\  ihUwd^ ;  (pos- 
sess, keep), clxku^  ffiM^A;,  <.J^  ^a«ar- 
ra/!  See  Grasp,  Sei^e,  Betain,  Possess, 
Enjoy. — To  hold  fast,  lICm/*  mesek. 
To  hold  in  (a  horse,  etc.),  la^  dabat* 
See  Bestrain,  Stop,  Check. — To  hold 
in  (restrain  oneself),  ij\^^  L^  dabat 
Mhahw&taho*  To  hold  off  (keep  one  at 
a  distance),  w9J  dafa^  wx^  mana^. 

To  hold  on  (continue),  ^^\j  ddwam, 
jA:i^\  dstamar ;  (to  continue  to  bear  or 
snffer),  ^J^^asr  tahammal;  (to  offer, 
propose),  ijOjC-  ^ad;  (to  last),  /^\j 
dam,  i*lS  kdm;  (to  remain  in  union), 
jUjf  J1    Ic  ^^\  J  ddwam  ^la*  al  ittifdh. 

To   hold  a  conference,  ^^mLsT^I  jJic 

^ai^  a/  majlit. 
Hold,  mperat  CXuwu«f  «mMi&« 
Hold  (grasp),  JlCm^^  maskat ;  (a  prison), 

^^^e'M%>>  Aa&«;  (power,  influence),  i;Ji 

iudrat,  i^  kitwcU ;  (a  larking  place), 


^•^  £amm!»;  (a  stronghold  or  for- 
tress), ^(li  i(;aJ^0^.     See  Fort,  Castle. 
—The  hold  of  a  ship,  c-^-Jl  ^ 
i(AMn  a/  markah. 
Holder,  «.  (.iX^U  md^tib. 

Holdfast,  t.  4^11^  ibJ/dt.     See  Hook. 

Holding,  part  (.idU  i»d«ti^. 

Hole,  4.  Jisjkr  hukhih,  s,^  aakb.  A 
hole  under  the  ground,  jU  ghdr.  A 
hole  in  the  ground  made  by  rabbits, 
moles,  etc.,  ^^  mM.  To  make  a 
hole,  1^^^  ii$kab.  See  Bore,  Dig. — 
To  stop  up  a  hole,  Ju*»  iodd. 

Holily,  Li^jJ  Jii  Jt*o/  Jbiaw^,  JL 
ij\^  hikol  toKdrat. 

Holiness,  Li\si  kad&saty  ij\^  tahdrat. 
See  Purity,  Piety,  Sanctity. 

Holloa,  U  yd,  lf»l  ayyukd. 

Hollow,  v-ij^  mujaunoaf',  (insincere), 

^  jLtf^^  ^Aayr  »ddik. 
Hollow,    «.   (cavity),  jUjls^I    ihtifdr, 
suyaf  iajuaf  (pi.  uJ;iJ^^  tqjdwlf), 
hafr. 
Hollow  or  make  hollow,  r.  i-Jj<^  jot^- 

Hollowed,  j^&s^  mahfar,  jXLs^  mukta- 

far,  V— ij^  mujiHowaf.         [l^j  n*y«. 

Hollowness,  (^^  /^h^/;  (insincerity), 

Holme  (tree),  (^^J^^^^^j  tindiydn,      \hat. 

Holocaust,  B.  iijS^  muhrik(U,^*£^J  uahl  - 

Holy,  f^jJut  mtikaddaa,  jJt\iff  tdhir, 

{ju^j3  kaddvLs.  See  Pure,  Good,  Pious, 


Holyday,  Ju£  ^li.  [Sacred. 

Holy  Ghost,  «.  ^^^^JJill  ^^j  rawhalkodos. 
Homage,  l^^\  ttd^ai,  &]/^>^  ihtirdm. 

See  Obeisance. — To  do  homage,  /«^^ 

ihtaram. 
Home,  uu^  ^tfy^,  ^U^  tnakdm,  ^l^^ 

makdn,  ^JLm^  ma»kan,  ^^  watan. 


HON 


(716) 


HOO 


HomelineBSy  ^XS  Itabdwiyai.  SeeBade- 

ness,  Inelegance,  Rnstieitj. 
Homely  (in  coantenanee),  Ja:^\  ,^Ji 

kdblh  al  manuir. 
Home-made,  home-spQn,    «.l^^  J«^ 

BimgU  al  hayt,  ijf^ti  W^^*      8^ 

Homely,  Coane. 
Horaestall,  homestead,  «.  LL^  mimU. 
Homeward,  homewarda,    da^  ^\    M 

hltiho. 
Homicide,  #.  J-iS  JjU  kdtakaM,  Jl^ 

katUtl      See  Murderer.  —  Homicide, 

J^  kaill,  JsJ  kaa.    See  Murder. 
Homicidal.    See  Bloody. 
Homogeneal,  homogeneous  (of  the  same 

kind),    j^/-i-iJ>-  OjJ  ford  Jitu,  ji\y$ 

muwafikf  4^Ux«  mmtahik, 
HomogeneoQsness,   LL»\^   muwafikai, 

^uUa^  mtUdhikai,  J^^i^  tamsll 
Homologous,  i^^j^^\x^  mundiih,  (ji^y 

muw&fiL     See  Congruous,  Conform. 
Hone,  <•  ^^jtut^  mtMOii. 
Honest,  JU  talih  (fem.  ^U  idUhat), 

J  jU  #i9^i%  (fem.  Is  jUfdift^O'  J"^^ 
^adil.     See  Upright,  JTust,  Sincere. 

Honestly,  ^1^  J^  3t%o/  «aJdA,  J^ 
I^UimiI  bikol  istikdmai. 

Honesty,  ^b J  diydnai,  Ji^  90ldh,  ^J^ 
Bidk,  ^lo^\  ikhlds,  Jju:  ^adl.  See 
Virtue,  Justiee,  Truth,  Purity. 

Honey,  J-am^  ^oial*     Purified  honey, 

«A.£^  (Jm^  ^asaltnu8affa\  Preserved  in 

honey,  jJmjJIj  jJU/«  tnu^hkad  hil  ^asal. 
Honeyed ,  (covered  with  honey),  Jwu* 

fnti^a««<i/.     See  Sweet,  Luscious. 
Honorary,  yV/**  ^harafly  L5^!/'  t^a«i. 
Honour,  J^/aZelJ,  i^^  sharaf,  ^IsOil 

iftikhdr^  jS^  fakhr^      See    Dignity, 

Glory. — (chastity),  4ji^  ^^<y  (rever- 


enoe),  i*)/^^-^  Mirdm,  ^Jj  lalrfn, 
iLsf)  i^^i^dr,  ^UJb  hayhai,  m^Viiu  U^- 
aim,  d^Usl^  O^/a^.  See  fie^eet, 
Texieratioii.«-^repatatioii,  good  name), 
^jfi^  ^i«r J,  ^^^U  iidiiiiia  (pi.  ^jm^^^i 
nawdmU).  6eeFame»Benown. — BM 
in  honour,  (ti^/^^  u^^-^ff  \^  «^4;«i  «^ 
takrim,  (»S^  ismhatrrom.    See  Hoimw- 

ahle,  Honoured* — With  great  honovr 
and  extraordinary  magnifioeiiee,  Jjl; 

fib'dmtii/EMfm. 
Honour,  f^.  Jc  ^0%  a^  aib^am,   m^^ 

ihimam.    See  Dignify,  Beyerenoe. 
Honourahle,   »jc  ^*^^Lg  «dAt&  ^ou^ 

Honourahleness,  ^  kardm^  i^\^  kard- 

mai,  J^  /iiiifiJ.     See  Honoar,  Emi- 
nence, Magnificence,  Generooitj. 
Honourably, jUxe\  JL)  hkU  i^Ubdr^  JL 
f\j^\   hikd  Mirdm,    f,\J\^Jz  jL 

hikol  ^tntn  tea  ikrdm.     See  Magnaii- 
mously,  B<^putahly. 
Honoured,  ^jCt  mukarramf   J^ft^  wm- 

^ass^m,  MfS^  mufakhkhmn^  j9y  ns- 
fDokhar. 
Honourer,  t .  a^C«  mtflrtm,  Jk^  ir«^cl 
Hoof,  y  b^  M>-  (pi.  y^^  hawdjr\ 
iJmj  iui^/.  a  cloren  hoof,  -,_.«^-\r  »/' 
(pi.  LJILI9!  irste/).  The  hoof  of  « 
camel  or  ostrich,  u-p"w  Ut/l  The  is- 
terior  part  of  the  hoof,  ^J'»a>^  kitn. 

Hook,  f.  Lji$  kuUdh,  ^Jk  hOdki. 
uJlLfi^  khattdf  (pi.  u-BjUUj;  iA<^'- 
nf).    A  fish-hook,  ^j!b  fe/ti^.    1 

hook  on  which  meat  is  hong,  i^JH 
kuUdh  A  reaping-hook,  J-^scu*  sMiy» 
A  6heep*hook,  ^]J^  ^«Aft  ^osA  «rra^i. 


HOP 


(717) 


HOB 


Hooked  (matched  witk  a  hook),  J^j^ 

Hoop, «.  ZaI^  haHaktiL   See  Bing,  Cirole. 

—(of  a  barrel,  etc.),  ij^  tdrai. 
Hoop,  V.  (a  barrel),  J:^.«;J3  CL^l^lt  J.4^ 

^oim/  tord^  lil  harmiL     See  Eacirole. 

Hoaping-ooagh,   #•   4Jls^  aLui    «a^^ 

Hop,  4.  ijii  JmJM,     Bee  Skip,  Jump. 

— ^A  hop  or  place  for  a  dance,  4)^?^ 

^j^}\  mahdU  mraih. 
Hop,  «.  (skip),  (^j  r#ibM,  tA5  Ao/Sm. 
Hope,  J^l  aifui/  (pi.  JUt  amAl),  \p^j 

rt^^jiai4\  inikar*  See  Expectation, 
Desire,   Confidence. — To  oat  off,  or 

blast  one'shopes,  i\prj  (-^  kata^  rmj&h. 

How  sftea  they  hoped  for  what  was  not  de- 
creed them !  axi%  they  went  to  the  grare,  and 
hope  did  not  profit  them ;  and  from  their  hirh 
and  gioriou  state  tber  were  remo?ed  to  the 
narrowness  of  the  sepuehre,  which  is  the  worst 

of  abodes !  ^1^  jj  JlL^^^^  \^\  tS 

Hope,  V,  y^^y  tar<:^a\  ^\  ammal, 

\_^  -*y  tarakiab.    See  Expect. 
Hoped,  Jys'U  msamUl,  ^j^  marjik. 
Hopeful,  ^\^  rdji^  ^VT/^  muiarajfl, 


Hopefully,  J^t  J^  &«Ao/  «mii/. 
Hopeless  (having  no  hope),  1>-Jf  «^lS 

JE^^f^  arrajd,  fj^\  ^\^  mdlaho  amal\ 

(promising  nothing  good),  Jl«\  AjU 

ffia  hihisnud. 
fioper,  #.  i^/^  muUM^affl. 
Hoping,  j^or^.  and  adf.  (J^y  tnu^mil. 

See  HepefuL  [Hopefnlly* 

Hopingly,  J/sl  jXi  Hkol  amalp     See 


Hopper  (of  a  mill),  Jj  id/fi,  (^^i^U 

^^yi  IddiU  aUahCn. 
Horal,  horary,  JuUli  hksd^at,  u,>j>»:>^ 

Horde,  #.  ^^  kaum.    See  Tribe. 

Horizon,  jil  u/k,  j\i\  a/dk,  jiU- 
iE^^tf/Si.  The  two  horizons  (the  east 
and  west),  ^^UiU^  khOfkdn,  ^;:^l>> 
khdjikh%^    Horizontalv  tJ^^  af&lA. 

Horn,  «•  ^yi  fant  (pi.  ^y  iiirtin). 
Two-homed,  ^yS\jii  siittamffi.  To 
butt  with  the  hornsj  J^  natah*  Butt- 
ing one  another  with  their  horns, 
l^l:J  iMd^ite.  Butted  0r  killed  by 
the  horns  of  a  bull,  ram,  etc.,  ^^^^a^^ 
numt^h.  A  horn  (muaical  instrament), 
jy  hlUt,  jJii  fut/ir.    An  ink-bom^ 

^^^J  dawdyaty  ij^aef^  mMarat. 

Homed,  ^^y  id  iaAM  ibirflfi. 

Homy  (made  of  hom),  (Jy  haml^  (be- 
longing to  horn),  fSy  haml.  See 
Callous. 

Homet,  «.  ^^J  sMi^fir* 

Horologe,  «•  ^Li  sd^a^. 

Horoscope  (confignration  of  planets  at 

the  hour  of  birth),  ^^  tdU^  (pi.  ^\j» 

tawdli^* 
Horrible,  uJ^ir^  mukhuf,  ^jf  X«  fnakr&hf 

See  Dreadful,  Terrible,  Frightful. 

Horrib]eness,4uLMi«Aai»a^a^.  See  Dread- 
fulness. 

Horribly,  ^^^  ^tyi  ^  naw^n  shani^ 

Horrid,  ^^  X^  makrHh,  s^j^m^  mustak" 
rah,  <^v.JI  kdbXh,  ^^  ihtmi^  See 
Horrible,  Hideous,  Enormous. 

Horridnessy  Jul:J«  shand^at.  See  Hid* 
eouattess.  (jenoTm}ij)fi^\M^ja9dtnai* 


HOK 


(718) 


H08 


Horror,  icU-l  ihand^at,  ljb\J  iardhiyat. 
To  conceive  horror,  fj^ji^  nafar  mm, 
i(J  Jca/riK  »/=-^  utahrah.  Held  in 
horror,  i^J^  mahrnh. 

Horse,  «•  ^l-^a^  hwan\  (mare),  (^ 
/flra«.  A  blood  horse,  a  horse  of  noble 
pedigree,  J--^^  ^J^'^^  hisdn  <uilL  A 
piebald  horse,  Jiiji\  ^J^^^^  hisdn 
dbrash.  An  Arabian  horse,  j^l-3&- 
^^  liUdn  ^atH.   A  Turkish  horse, 

horse,  ^J^  {J^'^^  ^**^^  maghrabl. 
A  led  horse,  a  horse  of  state  or  parade, 
vl/jj  yadah*  A  lame  horse,  jjl«fl>- 
-yi\  hisdn  airqf.     Post  horses,  0^0 

relays  of  horses,  Akj^l  (J^^^^  ^^^ 
cl  posta.  To  dress  or  curry  a  horse, 
jiaL^\  JJ^  hashshah  al  hisdn.  The 
master  of  the  horse,  j^'  ^;-^'  »'«*'• 
ni&AfZr.     A  groom  who  leads  horses  of 

state,  ^j^e  JJ  padahjh 
Horse  (cavalry),  ilL^  hhayydlai,  J-iS. 

*A<iy/,  J^  A:^yfi?. 
Horse,  r.  (mount  a  horse),  ^^Jx,  c^j 

La^^  r«ibJ  ^a/a*  al  hisdn. 
Horseback,  mounted  on  horseback,  c- -^\; 

rdhih,  {j*ij\^  fdris.    To  mount  or  ride 

on  horseback,  «--^  reX»&. 
Horse-boat,  «.  i^-^ou^  Hj^  ^jf^^ 

shakhtira  hahlri  mastnhat  lihaml  al 

uirdhdndt  min  shut  annahr  Ha*  kdti^ah. 
Horse-breaker,  s.  <^l-»  'dyes,  k^^j 

J^\  rakklh  al  khayl. 
Horse-dealer,  J-^  ^  hayyd^  khayl 
Horse-courser,  J  tJ  ^-  jdnbdt. 
Horse  emmet,  s.  (a  large  winged  ant), 

•l:^  y  UmJ  namlat  lihd  jandh* 


Harseflesh,  J-iJl  jiJbJ  2<i^  tfi  Uayl 
Horse-fly, «.  iii3^  dL;bji^toii^a;^«0«^. 
Horse-guards,  ilLi?\  c^^'i;^  warHfM 

al  khayydlat, 
Horse-hair,  Jl^\jxJ^  sha^r  al  kisdn. 

Horse-laugh,  s.  i^5^  CJ^r^  MOk 
hi  kahkahat.  l^ahiai]. 

Horse-leach,  iflL:  ^alakat  (pi.  C^'Ulr 

Horse-litter,  *,  (for  travelling),  ^.i-^ 
^^^  takht  rwDdn, 

Horseman,  s,  jCs**  khayydl,  {^Jifirn, 

i^^^^j  rdkih. 
Horsemen,  ^Lajijursdn.  See  Equestriaa. 

And  he  has  an  army  of  damsels  who  ioiu 
with  sword  and  thrust  with  spear,  five  td 
twenty  thousand  in  number,  every  one  « 
whom,  when  she  mounteth  her  oovrser  sad 
equippeth  herself  with  her  implements  of  war, 
will  withstand  a  thousand  brave  horsemec, 

ij:^j\d\^^;^  i^^3  J^*^^  c^j^i 

uj!»  p\A)  \ej>'  ^T  c:--wuJ^  ijbjy 

Horse-meat,  t-Jlc  cflfe/.  See  Haj, 
Grass,  Bean. 

Horse-mill,  s.jSs^  maddr. 

Horse-pond,  s.  ji*X£-  yhadfr,  *^jy  ««** 
fflfi,  y^^  hated,  JfM<  tnanhal. 

Horse-race,  «•  J-^'  ^Um/i  tnasdhald 
al  khayl  See  Course,  Race,  lUuse- 
ground. — A  wager  at  a  horse-woe, 
^^\j^  murdhin.    See  Wager,  Bet 

Horse-shoe,  s,  J*5  na^l 

Horse-stealer,  $•  vJ^*^'  cilr*  •^'^  * 
iUby/.  [See  Highway. 

Horseway,  jUaLi  j;ijt  <«rlA  «//«»»• 

Hose,  i^\j^jilrdh. 

Hospitable,  ^stia^  mut^im.  A  hosj^tabk 
man,  ^^i^n^  mufi/^ 


HOT 


(719) 


HOF 


Hbepitablji  ^Lidi  hi  diy&ftin^ 

Hoapital,  «.  (for  the  sick),  ^j0^\  j1  J  dUr 
al  marad,  [i^W  j\ii  ddr  ashshafd ;  (a 
pablio  building  for  the  reoeption  of 
the  poor  and  travellers),  i^UiUw  khAn- 
kdh.     See  Caravanflera,  Inn,  Hoetel. 

Hospitality,  ijL^  diydfat,  \^^ji\  ij\^\ 
iddfai  al  gharib. 

Hospitaller,  t.  c^gjid^  mudtf.  See  Host. 
— The  Knights  Hospitallers  {or  Knights 
of  Malta),  jl2*JI\  aldtpitdr. 

Host,  ».  (landlord),  X9L«aJt  (^^f»>l^  td' 
Mb  addiydfdty  cjLi^  mudif. 

Hostage,  t.  ^Ljb^  roAffio^  (pi.  ^l^ 
rahdyin).     To  give  a  hostage,  ^Jacl 

(ic^j  a^*  rahlnai,  [mofisa/. 

Hostel  or  hotel,  f  Jjl(^  lokdndd,  Jj:^ 
Hostess,  «.   tjjl^^t  ^U  «dA»ia^  a/ 

lohdnda. 
HostUe,  i^Ur^  mukhdlif,  ^^^  harhl. 

See  Adverse. — A  hostile    excursion, 
^j^p-  (♦>?^  ^if/um  ^rM. 
Hostility,  ii^f  J^  ^addtoat,  i^y^s>^  Jthu' 
sUmai,  AaIIst^  mukhdla/at,  f^j^  barb, 
^^^Jlc  ^adwdn,  i\j\jK^  mu^ddt.    To 

oommit  hostilities,  S^ltXc  ^J^x  ^amo/ 

f^adawat.  I  forgiye  thy  offence  and  accept 
thy  apology;  but  beware  of  my  power,  and 
confess  thyself  to  be  my  slare,  for  thou  hast 
ezperiencra  my  seTerity  unto  those  who  show 


me  hostility,  <z^\*3^  L.XJ J  i^JLc  Jj 

Hostler,  #.  (^mjIo  <dyM.     See  GkY>om. 
Hot, 3l>^  ^drr,  ^<^^  A^wf,  ^j.ir»  «<- 
hhm.     A  hot  bath,  i*U»-  ^ommdm.— 

(vehement,  fnrions),  ^fU^  «>l^  Aaii 
aUab^  See  Fierce,  Vehement,  Vio- 
lent, Eager,  Keen,  Precipitate.— Las- 


civions,  if^f^  c-i-^^Ltf  9dh%b  ihahtoaL 
Somewhat  hot,  Jjcul^  mu^iadii, 

Hot-brained,hot-headed,  ^U^^  jl»- Adili 
«/  rnwdj.  See  Bash,  Violent,  Passion- 
ate.^ To  be  hot,  jc^t'^*  A^mf* 

Hotly,  ij\f^,  bi  hardrat;  (violently), 
f  jluJ  bi  shaddat,   \jf>'  jabran. 

'Rot!xe9B,ij\j^  hardrat.  See  Heat,  Fnry. 

Hotch-potch.  See  Hodge-podge,  Farrago* 

Hovel,  f.  ^/is^  ihit.  See  Cottage,  Hat, 
Shed. 

Hover,  v,  (over  head,  as  a  bird,  etc.)»  ' 
uJ^j  rafraf,  aI>-  hdm.  C^^- 

Hound,  «.  4^4W  Cj-Jl^  ibi/3  Mytft.    See 

Hour,  a.  ^\^  id^at»  From  hour  to  hoar, 
JuLuJ  ZcLi  sdcat  hi  sd^at.  In  a  happy 
hour,  ii^ytM/^  ^Lyj  5t  sd^atin  mas^H' 
dot.  Every  hour  (hourly),  icLa  J^ 
hoi  »d^i. 

House,  «.  u:-^  5ay^  (pi.  Cl^^  buylit\ 

j\j  ddr,  ^IC^  makdn,  ^^^Cm^  ma<X»ii, 

Jjj^  manso/;  (descendants  from  one 

ancestor),  J^J  nasi,  fj^\  asl.     See 

Family,  Eace. — ^A  winter  house,  ^Ju*^ 

mashta'.  A  summer,  country,  or  gar- 
den house,  u,L*a/f  maayaf.  A  royal 
house,  C^1^\j1j  <^r  aZ  mo^it.  Seo 
Palace. — A  store-house,  <0^  shUnat. 
See  Magazine,  Warehouse. — A  work- 
house (workshop),  JjHII  c:.>^^  Jay^ 

0/  «AayA/ ;  (shop),  ^l^ J  dukkdn.  The 
house  or  station  of  a  planet,  ^  j  ^fi^', 

i^^.^y31  ^^  ^tif^'  al  kawkab,  J^ 
nutfiMol.  See  Constellation. — ^Thehoase 
of  perdition  (hell),  (ti>i>-  jahannam, 
j^^^j^*^  ddr  al  hatpdr.  A  religions 
hoase,^J(20yr.  See  Abbey,  Monastery. 
Housebreaker,  #.  ,  ^\r^  hardtni.  See 
Thief,  Eobber. 


HOW 


(720) 


HT7H 


HoQse-dog,  *'j^^  c,iW  hJh  ndtUr, 

Household,  c.  c;.i^jJ\  ^}A\  ahal  al  haft. 

See    Family,   Domestic.'-^HottBehold 

fhniitare,boiiBehold  iitufl^*^^gJ\  i::j\i\ 

atdt  al  hoft,    A  householder,  house* 

keeper,  l::^^\  lS^A^  masik  al  hayL 

And  they  pitched  the  tents  npon  the  shore, 
and  huilt  for  her  a  great  venel,  in  whiiefa  thej 

emharked  her  and  her  household,  (^«.^ 

HouselesB,  c:-^  ^1^  mdlaho  hayt. 
Housemaid,  «.  4/«\j^  khadiamat. 
Bou8e*room,  J^^  mahall,  itu^^  teas^t, 

L^\sJl^  muftdhiyat* 
Housewife,   i^iS^^)  i/9  mart  al  hayt. 

See  Hostess.  [^^  j  dik/r, 

Housen  (houses),  (^j«J  hiyut^J^ti  diy&ft 
Housings  (for  horses),  J)U»-  jilal.    See 

Saddle-cloth. 
How  (in  what  manner),  immL^  kayf,  \aJUS 

hayfamd.     How  long?  ^jl^    Jl   iU 

mata\     How  many?  ij^  fS  kam  mar- 
rat.   How  then  ?  ciJli  fakayf.    How 

do  you  do?  how  d^ye?  C^l>-cjL^ 
kay/hdlak  How  many  children  ?  «3Jj  *^ 

ibm  tmiM.    How  much  ?  how  great  ? 

jS  kam,    0  my   nurse,    replied   the 

Lady  Dnnya,  this  is  a  deril.    How  has  he 
dared  to  use  these  words,  and  feared  not  the 

power  of  the  Sultan?  l::,^^  ^^LaJ 


^lUJl 


HoweTer,  ^  lakin,  ^j  walakin, 
1  jjb  md^  Aasa,  \  jjb  J^  w«  imi^  ^o^ 
Aflsd;  (in  whatoTer  manner),  J^^^ 
^^^^  minkolalwajaht  \aa^  iay/amd, 
^  ^^  ^^    **^y  fW^Aw  ^dn;    (at  I 


least),  i^j\j  hari,  ^j  walmff,  ^^j  Ulil 

Howl,  9.  jy^  flmi/cra2L        [ck^  t*"^' 
Howl,  t,  ZJjl*  ufalwalatf  J^^j  imAm/| 
Howsoever.    See  However,  Although. 
Hubbub,  dlauf  ^^iy^f  ^^^kS^  ktirka^ 
Huckle-backed,  <^J^»-1  4MM, 
Huddle,  V,  (todoaoythingprocipitately), 

Li^  karhat.  [Tunnli^  Confunoo. 
Huddle,  «•  ]^<«^  /^***t*  ^^  Crowd, 
Hue,  i  L.0  ^jl  lawn  idhdgh.  See  Gdlonr, 

Dye.  To  make  hue  aod  eiy,  i^^  J^x 

Huff,  V.  jti^Mj  tafdkhar.  Bee  Boast, 
Blu8ter.-^(to  swell  with  self-impoit- 
anee),  Jaiu  ta^amam,  A  huff  (ssdda 

swell  of  arrogance  or  anger),  AiU> 
hamdka. 
HuffishnesSyjj^  yAurfir.  See  Arrogaaot 

Huge,  ^»Jac  ^oslm,  ^/«Ui  ]b  Mi  iby&. 

And  he  had  two  hnge  wings  end  (hsuid»)  am, 
two  of  them  like  those  of  the  sons  of  Athsu 
and  two  like  the  fore-legs  of  fierce  hessfek 

with  claws,  ^j\^  v:>^?la^  ^^^^J 

Hulk  (hull  or  body  of  a  ship),  >»  j^ 

c^.««^^tyirm  a/  miorkdh,  A  bulk  (any* 

thing  bulky),  /^^l  aJxc  ^asiin  «^'«na. 

Human,  c^f;^  hasharlt  iJLjl  midK. 

Human  nature,  ^LjSI  ^tJU^UI  «^ 

di^a^  m/  inwniyai.  I  answered  her,  I  aa  i 
man.  And  who,  she  asked,  has  hroQ|(faft  i^'^ 
to  this  place,  in  which  I  have  lived  fit e-stu- 
twenty  years  without  ever  seeing  a  Mf^ 

human  being?  ,^mJ1  Ut  ^J  ^  *  - 

JL^\  lift  ^\  C^,\ 


«/  1 


Humane,  aA^  hatbn^  ^iWH^ 
cJ;»y  ^^1/.    See  BensTolent,  Kind. 


HUH 


(721) 


HUN 


HamsDely,  isHbl^  J^  liiol  miidtafat, 
Hamanity,    Jl».  hilm^   Ia^^  rahmat, 

^JiaL^  mttldtqfat     See  Benevolencei 

Kindness ;  aho  Hnman  nature. 
Hamanize, «.  f^\i^\^Lkc  ^amalahoimdn. 
Humanly,  4JLJ\  J^  h^tol  imdniyaU 

See  Humanely. 
Hamble  (submissiYey  low,   depressed), 
ji^^>-  haklr,  wily^  muiawddi^,  ^^J 

dUtL     See  Low,  Base,  Poor,  Abject, 

Mean. 
Humble,  v.  jS^^\  utahiar,  J^»^  hukair. 

To  humble  oneself,  ^^\^  iawdda^y 

^jJ  tasuUlal.     So  they  said  to  him, 

Thou  hast  greatly  humbled  thyself  to  us,  0 
our  brother,  and  we  wonder  at  the  excess  of 

thy  affection  for  us,  C^l  Ji!  ^  Jili 

Humbled,  ^a\f^  muiawddi^.     To  be 

hambled,  ^^^y*  tawdda^. 
Humbly,  ^^y  cJ^  hikol  tawdduc.   To 

beg  humbly,  ^j»uci\  Utanuu. 
Humid,  v.-^  reteb.    See  Wet,  Hoist, 

Watery. 
Humidity,  ^jiffj  ruilibat,  i^Jo  tardwat. 

See  Moisture,  Wetness, 
humiliation,  l£\jJ  dard^at,   cl^l  it- 

tidd^,  j^\y  tawddu^.    ^ 

Sumility.  iLX}\  inkitdr,  hLu*^  tnatka' 


nat, 


khudu^,  f^^y  iawddu^. 

Sumorous   (capricious),    ^.jL^  c^^^U 

sdhib  layf\  (jocalar),  c-^^^l^Jl  L,OjVrl 

latlf  al  maihrab. 

humorously  (caprioioualy),  ^yJb  ,Jlc 

ki\  ^M  hawd*  annafs ;  (jocosely), 

'^  ii-^  (J^  3iib/  /t^5  ira  dihh, 
Sumour  (mobture),  ^  jtj  rutubai.   The 
four  humours  in  th^  human  body,  IblfL 


itAtJ^  (pi.  \A^\  akhldt).  The  humour 
or  temper  of  the  mind,  -^U^  mtsd;, 

Jb\^  khdtir,  ^j**^  ma$hrai,  J^y^ 
tnanwdl;    (jocularity),  J^  hmU.     A 

man  of  humous^  ^^j^^^*^  mutthin,  'T'ji^ 
muharrijt  i^^j^j  ftahrdtefi.  Humour 
(caprice),  cJ^  k(»i/f,  Jo\j^  khdtir. 
See  Petulance,  Peevishness,  Whim.  — 
Horbid  humours,  ijt^J\  )pi^V(  al 
akhldt  arradiyaU 
Humour,  v.  isuS  ^Jlc  \^\  qfd  ^M 

kofufiho,  »^U.  ^Jlc  U-1  ajd  ^M  khd' 

iiriho,  ^but  J^ilj  wdfai  tab^ho.  See 
Oratify,  Soothe,  Comply,  Fit. 

Humourist,  «.  ^jS^**^  mutkhin,  ^^^ 
nukatJ, 

Humoursome,  4JLI  ^Li  J^  Aa&  ^ak- 
laho  kol  id^ah  shukt.  See  Peevish, 
Humorous. 

Httmp,«.  (hump-backed  or  hanch-backed), 
4^Jo-l  ahdab  (fem.  Ij  Jo.  hadbd).  See 
Crook-backed. — To  hunch  or  crook 
the  back,  4!l>-  (<^^>-  hana*  hdlaho. 

Hundred,   «.    X>L«  mdyat.    A  hundred 

thousand,  t^^lf^U  mayo^  df.  About 
a  hundred,  a  hundred  more  or  less, 
^jc&j\  b  J)*:!  b  ^Ls^1aL«  mikddr  md- 
yat yd  aupod  yd  ankas.  The  hundred- 
leaved  rose,  (^jIcLm  J;^  icarad nvudd' 

\af.  Then  the  King  brongrht  out  a  hundred 
coursers,  a  hundred  drom^aries,  a  hundred 
memluks,  a  hundred  concobine  slares,  a  hun- 
dred male  black  slaves,  and  a  hundred  female 
slaTes ;  and  he  caused  them  to  eo  before  him 
as  a  present ;  and  he  rode  with  the  lords  of 

his  empire  and  his  officers,  CJ^  ^  ^ 


iiU. 


IjUj  jW  £jl* 


\ 


^L«j  i.\.g^c  ^JU)^  ^  r^  ^t«j  C^^j^^ 


HTJT 


(722) 


BUS 


Hang,  f^Jt^  mu^attakf  ^jLc^  mnta^- 
Uk.  Anjthing  hang  op  (as  frait,  etc., 
to  dry),  ji*«  mu^aUM,  A  proyender 
sack  hung  ronnd  a  hone's  neck,  ^1^ 
mikhldyat. 

Hanger,  c^  /a^.     To  hunger,  ^Isj- 

j&^    Bee  Starre,  To  be  hungry. 
Hungrily,  Ji)\  ^Juc  ^aU  arrlk,  ^ 

Hungry,    J^fr  j%^^f  t^^-  J^V^ 

See  Starving. — To  be  hungry,   cl^ 

«* 

jd^    To  make  hungry,  9  ^  jawwa^. 

I  was  hangry,  so  I  ate  nntil  I  was  satisfied, 
aad  contented,  and  my  sool  became  at  ease! 


Hunt,  V.  jUxtfl  ff^J,  ^;d^l  iktatMi. 

Hunt,  hunting,  «.  iX«^  My(^.   See  Chase, 

Pursuit. — Anythiog  belonging  tohunt- 

iug  (as  hawks,  dogs,  horses,  etc.),  4^«^^^ 

$aydl.  To  go  a  hunting,  J>^\  ^\  -.\j 

rah  old'  as$ayd.  Then  they  left  ber  with  him 
in  the  palace,  and  mounted,  taking  with  them 
proTisions  for  twenty  days,  and  went  to  hunt 

and  chase,  ^.^1     Ji  2(Jcx  ^-^^  (t^ 

j^^fli5l|^  jLMd!\  ^J\  (iPv^«   They  went 

hunting  and  chasing;  and  they  hunted  an 
abundance  of  gazelles,  wild  oxen,  hares,  lions, 


hyenas,  and  other  beasts,  ^\  ^^ 

Hunted,  ^ja::z3^  muhtanas* 

Hunter,  huntsman,  b.  Ju^  Bayyad,  A 
hunter  or  hunting  dog,  i^Ju^^  *^-r^ 
itaZd  «ay(ft.  A  hunter's  net  or  other 
implement,  if  Ju«d/s  moByadai, 

Huntress,  s.  ij\La  BayyddaL 


Hnntsmanship,  oL.aU  LmJH  cJU^^  d 

MfglJUnmat  lU  myydd. 
Hurl,  V*  i^tX^-  kada/g  ^j  rmma.  8ee 

Throw,  Shoot,  Fling. 
Hurled,  ^^j^  wtunuff  uJ^jSs^  mtkUf. 

See  Thrown. 
Hurly-burly,  jHo^  i^y^  iz)^^^  ^^ 

Jdn.     See  Tumult,  Commotion. 
Hurricane,  «•  JjJl^  ^^j  rlh  tkad^i,  tf:  tj 

ttfieha^at     See  Whiriwind,  Wind. 

Hurry,  v.  c  y-«l  oira^,  Jjs"^  Mfst/s*. 

See  Haste,  Hasten. 

Hurry,  Hjb^  ^'alaU  See  Tumult,  Com- 
motion, Haste,  Precipitation. 

Hurt,  V.  jj0^  iJax.  ^am4il  darttr,  ji  im. 
See  Harm,  Pain,  Injure,  Wound.— 
Superfluity  hurts,  a  little  does  good 
(Arabic  proverb),  ^Ju  JJlaSIj^  y«ix< 

at  katlr  dar  teal  kaltl  nafaf^.  And  she  satL 
We  walk  in  the  sea  with  our  eyes  oprt^ 
and  we  see  what  is  in  it,  and  we  see  i^ 
sun,  the  moon,  the  stars,  and  the  sky  as  x 
the  face  of  the  earth,  and  this  hnrteth  us  da 


(^M^l  JoLiJ^  JUiU^  Vi  V  ]^  i^fiA 

^j  u5^  ^^  ^^b  r^?^l'y^'-' 

Hurt  (injured  or  wounded) ^^-i*  jm^ 

To  be  hurt,j^\  andar. 

Hurt,  B.  jjfi   darar,  4rj\   tBtyat,    Se« 

Wound,  Harm,  Injury. 
Hurtful,    .«a^    mudirr.     See  Hannfui. 

Pernicious.— Yery  hurtful,  j^' ^ 

koBlr  aX  darar. 
Hurtfully,  j^  J^  hikol  darar. 

Hurtless,  jo^j^s,  yhayr  mudirr.    S« 

Harmless,  Innocent.  [  Jjc  ^;'- 

Husband,  ^yj  tawj  (ph  ^^j\  auoj 


HT3C 


(723) 


ICE 


Hasband,  v.  ^jj  taiwwaj.    See  Marry. 

— (to  manage  frugally),  y^  waffar. 
Hosbandleee,  ^^jj^  ^  mmghayriawj. 

Hasbandman,  b.  JisfaM&h,  ^j\j  zciri^. 

See  Fanner. 
Husbandry,  icSjjmrd^tf  i.>^%  falahat\ 

(frugality),  cJLuk/«t  ttnsai. 
Unsihlinierjeoium,  uuX^sf  iihut;  (silent), 
c::^Li  sdkit.    To  bush  (nELake  still  or 

silent),  ui^JLj  sakkai,  4^«XJb  hadda*;  (to 

be  still  or  silent),  c:.^  sakat 
Husk,  «.^^  ^mAt,  S^j/=*"  ^AflrrilJ, 
Husk,  v.  (strip  off  the  outward  integu- 

ments),^MJ  JcasMiar.     See  Peel. 
Husked  (covered  with  a  husk),  j^Lj  d! 

laho  kmhshUr, 
Hat,  9.  ^^  hukh.    See  Hovel,  Cottage. 

Hutch,  ».  (com  chest)  V**^  Jj*^^^-^ 
sanduk  al  hamh.     See  Granary. 

Hyacinth,  b.  (flower),  J-u-j  9un^; 
(gem),  CJyb  ^aJ^A^.  [5ardn. 

Hyades   (constellation),    (^5^*xll    a^Wa- 

Hydra,  «.  USl  Lj>-  hayyat  almd. 
Hydraulics,  Ul\  «J;  ^^  /an  ra/^  a/i»a. 

A  hydraulic  musical  instrument,  ij^\j 

nd  curat. 
Hydrocele  (watery  rupture),  Ull  <lLJ 

kllat  alma,  J^jj  wtizil/. 
Hydromel,  J^uuxll  t«  ma  u/  ^OBaL 
Hydrophobia,    ^  i^^!^^  c-J^l  Ij 

L«]\  Jd  oJ  ^0^5  a2(7  a/  khawfmin  ahnd, 
Hydropical,    ^Li.r.M.^    mtM^a^Az.      See 

Propsical. 
Hyena,  «.  w^  dab^. 
Hymen   (membrane),    ^Iji^y^  c—^Lk^ 

hijdh  td  hukUriyat.      See  Marriage, 

Virginity. 
Hymeneal    (pertaining    to    marriage). 


Jbc%iJ  f^yM^^  tnauBuh  lit  sijat,  {jmjS 

^«r«.  See  Matrimonial  ;Epithalamium. 
Hymn,  *.  iasTJu*  madihat  (pi.  -p<^0^ 

maddyehJ)  Hymns,  C^^Usn^^MuJ  tashihdt 
Hyp,  f7.  io<^^«^  ^^  khdUdh  yitsawdan. 
Hyperbole,  «.  ^L^  muhdlaghat. 
Hyperbolical,  hyperbolic,  iJL/f  ^^r**^  ^ 

«dA»^  mubdlaghat.     To  speak  hyper- 

bolically,  JUL/t  (J<«^   ^amal  muhdla- 

ghaty  AS^  ci  ^V  ^^^<^A/^^  kaldm. 
Hyperborean,  ^JUJ*  «AamdJt. 
Hypereritic,  b.  ^UU  cu^^l:^  munakkit 

lil  ghdyat.     See  Critic. 
Hypochondriacal,hypochondriac,  ^J^^^^ 

Bawddwi,     See  Melaneholy,  Insane. 
Hypocrisy,    [)j   riyd,    ^^y^  murdydl, 

hib\s^  muddhanaty  jUj  na/d^.     See 

Dissimulation. 
Hypocritic,  «.  hjrpocritical,   hypocritic, 

J^  makkdr,  J^'-^^  mundfik,  \^j^ 

mordyi. 
Hypocritieally,  jU3  Jij  JiM  nafdky  JC> 

Jub^X«  ^ti[:o/  mtM^Aa»4i^  [ditional. 
Hypothetical,  ^j^  Bharti.  See  Con- 
Hyssop,  lijj  2u/d. 


I. 


I,  in  English,  has  twa  powers,  as  in 
the  words  hit  and  bite,  the  former  of 
which,  in  Arabic,  is  noted  by^^***^  (^), 

and  the  latter  by  ^,  preceded  by  ^ 

(^),  expressed  or  understood ;  as  in  the 

words  L^\z^  kitdh,  'a  book,'  and  ^^^^ 

bait,  *  a  house.' 
I,  perB.pron,  \j\  and.    I  myself,  .3I J  U\ 

and  2d^f,  ^^ct*Ju  \j\  and  na/Bu 
Ioe,J^  baAf  dA>-jalld. 


IDO 


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ILL 


Iclmenmon,  s.  ^jj^  nams,        [al  hind. 

Ichnographj,  j^j  ratm,  UJ\  s^^j  ratm 

Icicle,  »,  J^  hiai  hit^  hflLZ, 

Icy  (full  of  ice),  J^  ^  kolaho  lUz. 

Idea,  s,  jya2   tasauncur,   JUs^  khaydl 

(pi.    d^SL^    khayOldt),    >Jb^    wahm. 

See  Imagination. — An  absurd  idea, 
Ji?b  J L>.  Ichaydl  hdtU*  Foolish  ideas, 

_:jt^  l^  U  CjJLfw  khay&lat  md  lahd 

—  <m 

ma^na\     To  entertain  an  idea,  j|^«^ 
tasatotpttr. 
Ideal,  j^.idSL^  mutasatvwar,  ^^^  khaydll, 

^^Ad|^  toahmlf  (J^^s^^  mutakhayydl. 
Ideally,   Uj^^  wahmanf  ^L^a^-^  hi 

wajhin  khiydll. 
Identical  (the  same),  ^1  Jj  hi  zdtihi. 

Identity,  ^^1  c^l  J  8(2^  ashshay. 

Idiocy,  idiotiam,  J>^  jaMy  Ji^  a  J^ 

^a(fi{i;7»  ^a^/.     See  Folly,  Stupidity. 
Idiom,  a.  -.Uai^l  iatildh,  ^U  /t«dn,  ^[jkS 

loghat,  [istHdhl,  c/jVs^  majd%\, 

Idiomatical,  J^'^^  mttstalih,  ^>.ll^l 
Idiot,  «.  JaU*-  jdhil. 
Idle  (lazy),  ^jL**^  kasldn,  J  mi  hattai; 

(unemployed),  Jlax/t  mu^attal.     See 

Indolent,    Lazy,     Inactire,    Useless, 

"Worthless. 
Idleness,  ^JmS  ktual,  ^liaJ  haidlat.    See 

Laziness,   Indolence,  Sloth,  Trifling- 

ness,  XTselessness. 
Idler,  f.  ^Lm^  kasldn. 

Idly  (inactively),  lUbb  hdiilan. 
Idol,  «.  *Xi^  «afuim  (pi.  ^Ixi^l  a«nam), 
^^  wasan  (pL  ^Ij^I  ^fu^fdn)* 

Idolater,  idolist,  «.  ^^^   fraMn!«     See 
Infidel,  f  agan. 

Idolatry,  AxiciS  if  jUfi  ^hddai  ul  aandm* 


jyXjJj^';^ 


Idolize,  V.  Jufi  ^#Am?.  See  Love,  Adore, 
Bevepenoe. 

If,  f^\  in,  tt  md,  j)  /ai0.  And  if,  J> 
f^o^df^.  But  if,  ^\  in,  \^\  ammd.  If 
not,  fi  ^\  in  lam.  The  lion,  if  be  left 

not  hifl  den,  wotdd  neyer  catch  any  prej;  ^ 
arrow,  if  it  left  not  the  bow,  would  nerer  )ax 
the  mark ;  eold-dnst,  in  ita  natiTe  ooimtry,  is 
as  mere  earm ;  and  aloes,  in  its  own  land,  is  no- 
thing but  a  kind  of  common  wood,  jJS^j 

Igneous,  ,^j\j  ndri.    See  Piery, 

Ignohle,  J  J^  restel,  j^^^^  haitir.    See 

Hean,  Worthless. 
Ignominious,  .^uii  foM,  <»  ^jj*"*  "*<' 

yal.     See  Base,  Mean. 
Ignominiously,  ^C^fWi  4^^  HJMfadM, 

Ignominy,  l^\*ai  fadlhat,  ^.aiJ  ^&S 

^  ibaM,  L^^^  ^ay&.     See  Di^raoe, 

Beproach,  Shame,  Baseness,  MeaaoesB. 

— ^To  he  branded  with  ignominy,  ^ ' 

infaddh. 
Ignoramus,  «.  ^\s>^  jdhil.     See  Pool. 
Ignorance,    ^Jf^  jaM,  ll\^^  jahaM, 

Gross  ignorance,  ^^-.^y  J^^j^*"^ 
rakkah.  Pretended  ignorance,  J^V 
tajdhul. 

Ignorant,  Jjblsj- yd^t7. 

Ignorantly,  ^ J^>-  (J^  hikoljahlin. 

Iliac  passion,  ^y  kulanf. 

Ill  (bad),  -^  iWlA,  sJi/dsid;  (in- 
disposed), ^^j^marid,  Jji*-«  awv/i^ 

Illation,  ^U^  natXjat.     See  Infbresee. 

niaudahle,  ^J^l  J^^wl  /a  yM^ 

Ill-bred,  jlU^ll  c/J;  riuft  ol  aWai. 
niegal,  iUicit,  ^jJ^\  i.J)U.  MOd/  «iU 


ILL 


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IMA 


thar^  ^jJi»j^  ffhayr  »har^,  ^\j^ 

har&m,  [sha^  ghayr  ihar^. 

Illegality, ^j^jt^ t**^'  ^f  *<wwi iwA- 

lUegally,  (j»-jt^  ^  min  ghayr  hak, 

Illegible  (writing),  i^J^^  Id  ffimkara\ 
Illegitimacy,  t^Cj  ^^\  asl  rail. 
Illegitimate,  J^JCJ  ^aiti^ilA;.  SeeSpuriooB. 
lU-favoared,  ijyi\  ,^^  kahlh  au&rat. 

See  Deformed.  [See  Avaricious. 

Illiberal  (parsimonious),   t^^^,  hakhlh 
Illicit,  /•U^-  hardm. 
Illimitable,  JJl^X  Id  yutahaddad. 
Xllimiied,  JJ^sr^^  ghajfr  muhaddad. 
Illiterate,  JxL  hUd  ^Im,  Jjbl>-ydM. 

lUiterateness,  ilHterature,  JjJf  i%Jkf  ^o- 
dam  al  ^Um^ 

Illness,  (jOjyt  marad*  See  Disease,  Sick- 
ness.— (badness),  jLJ  fMidd,  i^\^ 
kabdhat.     See  Wickedness. 

lU-natore,  cLLJI  JLi|^  sJmdiat  alathd^. 

See  Malevolence. 
Ill-natured,  cLbll  ^^J;  radl  al  athdj^,. 

Ill-timed,  Asr^j^    J  ^J^  ihyflghayr 

fnahalliho.     See  Unseasonable. 

Illuminate,  illume,  illumine,  v.jy  nauT" 
tear,  j^  (J<«x  ^mal  nur.  See  En- 
lighten, Decorate,  Illustrate. 

Illuminated,  i^  munaiffwar,  ci\;y  ^^" 
rdnl,  j0^  fnunlrr  jyi\  ^^  *dti^ 
annnr.  [anwdry 

Illumination,  Lj  diyd,  j^  nUr  {"pL  j\^\ 

Illuminator,«y;*:i^  m«»lr,jy^  munawwir. 

Illusion  (false  appearance),  JLsw  hhaydl, 

jyoj  tasawwur.  See  Deception,  Error, 

Mockery. — The  illusions  of  dreams, 
A^i\(JL:i\^khaydldtdaUdm.  The 

illusions  of  the  devil,  i^  Uca^  (JlJ^^mj 


toiuHldt  shagtdntgatf  LjILm  ^^,^LJ 
tasdioia  ahaytdniyat,  £jUa^  (Ju\^y^ 
fcoiwaadt  shaytdniyat. 

Illusive,  ^l*^  khiydll. 

Illustrate,  v.  (elucidate),  ^^  toaddahf 
^j^  hayyan,  y^A  fauait,  j^\  anihar. 
See  Explain ;  ako  Illuminate,  Brighten. 


— ^Illustrated, 


Z^J^ 


VMMTiih, 


Illustration,  tf^y  tawdih,  ^Jlj  haydn, 

j\^\  Mdr,  j^kM  ta^hlr,  ~J^  aharh^ 

jij^Ju    tafllr,    Jj^lj^    tdwllf   ^^J^^jf^ 

ta^f,  cJ^y  tawAfy  JtM^  tafalL 

See  Explanation,  Exposition. 

Illustrative,  L£fi***^^  l^J^  aharhi  wa 
tafalrl*  \aharh%n  wa  haydUm 

Illustratively,    j^l-J*j  ^rj^  J^    ^*^ 

Illustrious,  (Ji^\  i,,.^'^l.g  adhib  aljaldl, 
JJl>-  yoM.  His  illustrious  ancestors, 
aUmSI  »jt  Jc>-\  ajdadaho  al  ^tttdm. 

Illustriously,  jyi^**^  ^^  y^  ^^  miu^^m 
maahhur. 

Image,  ijy>c  aUrat,  J^  ahakl,  Jiy^ 
taawJr,  ^^^  ayhknat.  See  Idol, 
Statue,  Picture;  Copy,  Likeness;  Idea. 

Images,  imagery  (statues,  pictures,  ete.), 

jyo  auwoTf  (JL^\jiyaj  taawirdt,  (Jt^UJ 
iamdanl.  [kdhH  al  fikr. 

Imaginable,^^.!^:;^  mutaaavDtDar,^^\  JjU 
Imaginary,  imaginative,  ,c^U3  Jciydal^, 
^\iS>'  khiydll,  tJ^^ssx^  mutakhayyalf 
^-•Jb^  tpohml.  See  Ideal. — The  im- 
aginative powers,  ^lLjcuJI  iy  kuwai 
al  mutakhayyilaL 
Imagination,  JL^  khaydl,  /^US  kiyda, 

j^oj  taaatptpur,  o^^s^  takhayyul,  ^St^ 
wahm,  JtJby  tau?ahhum,^Jikr,^J^i:>'L€ 
muldhazai,  J^  zann,  ^ej  sa^m» 


1MB 


(726) 


IMtf 


Imaginations,  d^^LdsT  takhayyaldL  See 
Conception,  Idea,  Fanoji  Ck>ntriYance. 

Imagine,  v.jy^  tasttwwar,  msj  %a^mn, 

^  zann.  See  Fancy,  Figure,  Con- 
trive, Think. — I  imaeined  it  was  a  wild  beast^ 
or  one  of  the  beasts  of  the  sea,  and  I  walked  to- 
wards it,  ceasing  not  to  gaze  at  it;  and  lo  it  was 

a  mare  of  superb  appearance,  k^^Jhi 
js^\  t-^l^J  ^^  ib  ij\y\  Jmj>'j  ij\ 

Imagined,  j^..^^;l««  mutasawwar. 

Imaginer,  s.  Jjls*-  khayil,  jy^^s^  muUh 
eawwir,  J^-i^^  mutaJchayyiL 

Imbecile,  Jjl^  hahlul  (vulg.  inBeyrut, 
but  in  the  rest  of  Syria  Jlic^  muta- 
ghap,  Ai\  allah).  See  Feeble,  Weak 
of  mind. 

Imbecility,  JiJt  uJju?  du^f  al  ^akl 
See  Feebleness,  Weakness. — Imbecility 
of  mind,  JaxII  Uj  killat  al  ^L 

Imbibe,  <7.  (^J^jazab,  *^j^  ia$karrab, 


jfjJ^  ihereb* 


Imbibing,  animbiber,  ^^^L^:;^  muia9dkkl. 
Ground  which  does  not  imbibe  rain, 
A«-Jj  ^j^  ard  waki^L  [mrr. 

Imbitter,  embitter,  t;.  ^  iL^e^  ^amalaho 

Imbody,  embody,  v.  (bring  together  into 
one  mass),  ^^  jama^.  See  Incor- 
porate.— (to  coalesce),  fjA  Iwak. 

Imbolden,  embolden,  v.  ^u)i  t^y  kawwa* 
kalhaho.     See  Encourage. 

Imbosom,  embosom,  v.  j;3lc  ^anak.  See 
Embrace. 

Imbound,  embound,  v.  See  Inclose. — 
To  embow.     See  Arch. 

Imbrown,  embrown,  v,jA^\  ^lLix  ^mch 
laho  aamar*     See  Darken. 

Imbue,  V.  ^^  sabagh.     See  Dye. 


Imitable  (possible  to  be  imitated),  ^JjL>t 

\jsji\  mwnkin  al  tktidd,  jJii!)  Jjj 

kdM  attaUld,  \  Jci)^  J^l  l&yik  d  Ma. 

Imitate,  9.  (copy),  Ja3  nakaly  ^JXj^ 
ikUM ;  (to  counterfeit),  jyj  lovirtr, 
.via  kallad 

Imitated,  t^^^ci^  mukiada*,  jS>Lm  •»- 

kaUad.  And  should  my  life  be  proloogoi 
after  thou  art  no  more,  (but  may  it  nerer  be 
mine  to  taste  thv  lossi)  I  will  practise  the  p>d 
maxims  which  tnou  hast  taught  me,  and  imtafie 
the  example  of  thy  distinguished  exoeUeace;  u 
that  men  may  say.  How  is  this  night  like  Yes- 
terday; and  how  the  mozning-dood  reseiayd 

the  cloud  of  the  evening !  i»r^J^\  ^ja!j 

Imitation  (copying),  JuUj  takiid,  ^xj 

iktidd. 
Imitative,  lJsJ^  taJciidl, 
Imitator,  «•  c/JcX«  muktadU 
Immaculate,  ^^jJl  (^y^U?  tdhdr  mm 

addanasyjib^  tdhir.  See  Pore,  Spotless. 
Immaterial,  immaterialized,  immateriate, 

Jlu4>-  ju  bild  jasad,  Oum^cu*  .*£  yheyr 

mutajanidm     See  Incorporeal. 
Immateriality,    immaterialnessy    A«x-r 

Juubis)!  ^adam  al  Jasad,  ^^a^  mutM- 

toiyat. 
Immature  (not  ripe),  >^  fqf;  (not  pa^ 

feet),  J/tl^^  yhayr  kdmilm 
Immeasurable,  J^>-  <t!  ^j^  hy  laha  hid 

See  Immense. 
Immediate,  ^W.  hddir.    See  Instsst, 

Present.  [Hi 

Immediately,  VW.  halkm,  JWt  _5  fC 

Immemorial,    w  ji    kadim,    /^[xl]  ^Si 

kadlm  al  ayydm.     See  Ancient, 
Immense,  immensarablei  i/^l^i^  ^^ 


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IMF 


intihd  lakOf  jyas^jt^  ghayr  mahiltr* 
See  EzoessLTe^  Unbounded,  Infinite, 
Huge.  [See  Immense. 

Immensely,  ^^^j^  ^  ^if^  ghayr  hadd. 

Immensity,  immensurability,  -»i  cLuJl 
J^jLjr^  ittitd^ghayr  fnahdad. 

Immerge,  immerse,  t?.  (put  under  water), 
^jJjAs.  ghattoi.     See  Sink. 

Immersed,  (Jlj^  ghar^,  ^Jcau^  «niM- 

taghrik.      Immersed    in   wickedness, 

j)^^)  <jHwui)V  jyCLMu<«  muitaghrik  hil 

Immersion,  ^jZ  gharh,  ^^JLc  y^^. 

Immethodical,  ^UaJ^^^  flitn  ^Aayr 

nhdm,  J^l  lb  5t7d  t«tfi/.  See  Confused. 
Immeihodically,  ^Ua3  ]b  3«^  niidm. 

Imminent,  i^jt^  mmhrtf,  Jlx^  tnutil. 

Imminent  danger,  ^jVir  Iig>>  ihatar 

Immission,  J^J^tii&Afi/,  Jl^jluf^^Z. 
Immit,  V.  fJ^J  dahhhhal,  ,^:>^Ci\  adkhal. 
Immobility,    ^^^   wkUn,   ^joi]  aJlc 

codam  al  hurdkat. 
Immoderate,    JljJLfllU    bUd   t^iddl, 

J^Ji^t  j^Usv«    tnutajdwk  al  hudnd. 
See  Excessiye,  Immense. 
Immoderately.     See  Excessively. 

Immoderation,  JtjcxHt  ^Jla  cadam  al 
i^tiddl.    See  Excess. 

Immodest,  Ls)  1  JJi  kalil  al  hagd,  (j£b».\i 
fdhiih.    See  Obscene,  Impudent. 

Immodesty,  L^-^^i  ^^^  min  ghayr  hayd. 
See  Impudence,  Obscenity. 

Immolate,  v.  ^  J  so^oA.         [Sacrifice. 

Immolation,  ^J  sa5A,  IjJ  fidd»    See 

Immoral,  (^^^U/<2AwA.  SeeBad,  Wicked, 
Dishonest. 


Immorality,  (.^u^  /iA«A,  ^J^iiJUk.   See 

Dishonesty,  Wickedness. 
Immortal,  CJ||4j)  ^  yamUt,  ^^^  Ady* 

See  EtemaL 

Immortality,  U^  iaito.  O  thou  best  of 
all  men  to  whom  Eve  has  giyen  birth !  But 
for  thee,  the  world  were  not  beautiftil  nor 
pleasant.  The  man  to  whom  God  showeth  thy 
nice  has  obtained  immortality,  and  will  grow 

neither  decrepit  nor  hoazy,  ^j^  Ij 


Immortalize,  v.  2r^J  jX>^  khaUadzikraho, 
See  Eternalize,  Celebrate. — (to  become 
immortal),  ClJy^S  ^1j  iL^  idr  ddyim 
Id  yamUL 

Immortally,  ^  J)^^^^  yi  ^*  naw^tn  Id 
%awdl  laho.     See  Eternally. 

Immoyable,  C^-^U«y^  ghayr  muta- 

harrik.      Immovable  effects  (real  es- 

tetes),  isj\j\a£'  ^kdrdt,  lI/IUI  amluk. 

Immovably,  JL^^  lb  hild  harakaL  And 
I  purchased  houses  and  other  immoTable  pos' 

sessions,  more  than  I  had  at  first,  i\ij 

Immunity,  jrliU^  mu^q/aA.  A  privilege 
or  charter  of  immunity,  d.>]^  haraat. 
See  Freedom,  Privilege. 

Immure,  v.  ^/«m^  Aaia«.     See  Confine. 

Immutabmty,  J^\  ^Sz    ^aiam  atta- 

ghayyur,  d^lJ  sahdt, 
Immuteble,^Jcjll  Id  yutaghayyar. 
Impair,  r.  (dimimish  or  wear),   ^^om 

nakkas,   c  JJ    naM^,    '^j^^  kharah. 

See. Injure,  Hurt,  Spoil. 
Impair,   impairment,  ^^^   naks,   fjJ 

na%^    See  Diminution,  Decrease* 


IMP 


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ncp 


Impaired,  ^^\j  ndUs.  See  Diminished. 

— ^To  be  impaired,  ^^^  tnUaa^ 
Impalpable,  ^j»t^\  ^^^j^^j^ghayrnwrn- 

kin  al  Jams,  ^^nt-^  1  Id  ffulmas. 
Imparity.  See  Disproportion,  Inequality. 

Impart,  v.  (communicate),  j^  khahhar. 


See  Bereal,  Inform, — (to  grant),  ,^ 
manah.     See  Giye. 
Impartial,  Jjlx  ^adU,  t^jJ^\  ^^ 
hMU  al  gharad  f^i*a\^  munsif,  Jjuc« 

mu^dU,  Jjlitf  tddik.    See  Eqaitable, 

Just,  Disinterested. 
Impartiality,  il\*\c  ^dlat,  cJlidjl  in- 

tdf.     See  Justice,  Equity. 
Impartially,   fjOjSUj^  ^  mm  ghayr 

tagharrudf   il\tXe.  jXj   hikol   ^ddJai, 

L^\yA\)  hH  sawdh. 
Impartible.     See  Communicable. 
Impassable,  ji^axII  ^^^^a^j^  ghayr  mum" 

kin  al  ^ubur* 
Impassioned.     See  Passionate. 
Impatience,^^^\  mSs>  ^adamasBobr,  See 

Vehemence,  Eagerness.  {mil. 

Impatient,  jLi^^U^^  ghayr  mutaham- 

Impatiently,  j*^j^  yj^  ^*^  ghayr  sdbr, 

.  Impawn,  v.  ^^J  rahan.      See  Pledge, 

Pawn.  [Impede,  Hinder. 

Impeach,  r.  a^  taham.    See  Accuse;  aUo 

Impeachable,  ^f^  yutham. 

Impeached.     See  Indicted,  Accused. 

Impeacher.     See  Accuser. 

Impeachment,  x^Ll^  shakwah.  See  Com- 
plaint, Accusation ;  aho  Impediment, 
Hindrance.        [See  Hinder,  Obstruct. 

Impede,  v.  ^x^  mana^,  ^y^  ia^arrad. 

Impediment,  ^x^  man^  u^j^  ta^arrud, 

^Lt   mdni^    (pi.    ^^y^   matpdniQ. 

See  Obstruction,  Opposition. 


Impel,  «•   AjJI   abmn,  ^L*  «di.     See 

Drive,  Compel,  TJi^  Plreas. 
Impellent  or  impelling  power,  j.  i  J 

ifi3\ji\kawatadddfi^ai.  SeelmpuloTe. 
Impenetrable,    ^\  J^O^S^  ^^f,jk^j^ 

ghayr  munJcin  addukkoi  ilayhi. 
Impenitence,  ii^\  /»«X£  ^adam  aUanchat. 
Impenitent,  ^jl3^  9hayr  nddim^jmi 

c^U  ghayr  tdlh. 

Impenitenily,  ^IjJ  lb  hUd  naddmai. 

Imperatire,  i^j^\  amrl*  The  affirma- 
tive imperative  of  a  verb,  ^\  amr. 
The  negative  imperative,  ^^  naki. 

Imperceptible,  ^jMjm.sf* j»i>  ghayr  mahr 

sitif  j^q:»^j^  ghayr  manoAr. 
Imperceptibly,  j^oi^^jts.  j>*^  hi  foajkin 
ghayr  manMiir.  [jtdiw. 

Imperfect,  f^^jt^  ghayr  kdmH,  ^^U 
Imperfection,  ^l*^  nuksdn,  u..^jr.  ^ayh 
jii^aSJ    takAr,    JUi31  ^Jx.  ^adam  d 
kamdl.    See  Defect. 
Imperfectly,  JU^L  bUd  kamdl. 
Imperforate,  i^mlVm^j^  ghayr  mtauakH, 
Imperial,  ^JlLLi  stdtdnl,  Lfy^  ioyMfi. 
Imperious,  JSs^    mutakMir,    jr^f^ 
mutaj'ahhir,  ^**  c-  ^anif,  jib\j   JfcdAir, 
JU9  zdlim.     See  Haughty,  Arrogant, 

Tyrannical. 
Imperiously,  c,pvc  (J^  hikol  ^unf, 

Imperiousness,  t»a;r.  ^unf^j^  kakr. 

Impertinence,'  iib\L,i  safdhat.   See  Folly. 

And  he  said,  I  entreat  thee  by  God  that  thou  be 
not  angry  with  me;  for  fatigae  and  trouble,  aui 
paucity  of  what  the  hand  possesies,  teach  a  mas 

ill-manners  and  impertinence,  dj  ^Ui 


Impertinenti  ^UAka  iofih  (pi.  \^i^  n^ahd]. 


IMP 


(729) 


IMP 


See   Foolish,   Trifling,   Importunate, 
Troablesome,  Intrnsire. 

Impervious,  iJ\  J^oJf  i^^^  ^  ^  tf^^' 
kin  addukhul  Hayhi.  Bee  Impassable, 
Impenetrable. 

Impetuosity,  impetnonsness,  ^ys^hujum, 

iiXJL  shiddat,j^jabr.   See  Yiolenoe, 

Fury,  Eapiditj,  Force,  Precipitation. 
Impetuous,  Jj  Jl&  ihaiid,  <— i>:>f.  ^anlf. 

See  Violent,  Furious,Eapid,Preoipitate. 
Impetuously,   j[Jluj  hi  ihiddaiin.     See 

Violently. 
Impetus,  jjij  saior,  ify  iuwai. 

Impiety,  jli3  nafdk,ji^  hufir. 

Impious,  J^I:m«  mun&fikfj^^  JUkfir.   See 

Wicked,  Profiine. 
Impiously,  jLi  hi  hufirin. 

Implacable,  ^U^^^  ghayr  musdmih. 
See  Inexorable,  Malicious,  Irreconcil- 
able, [muidmahah. 

Implacably,    4^r^Lu^\  aJl£   ^adam  al 

Implant,  v.  l^  ^^nn)  nasah.  See  Plant, 
Insert,  Place. 

Implement,  #.  iS\  dlat.  See  Instru- 
ment, Tool,  Ftensil. — To  make  great 
provision  of  the  implements  of  war, 
^rfjJ\  (zJi)  ^j^  ^  j±^  ^j:S^  kha- 
zan  mahlagh  ^a%\m  min  aldt  al  harh. 

Implication,  ljj^\  ishdrat,  iA:^  kandffoi, 
J[^u3  natijaU  See  Inference;  En- 
tanglement. 

Implicit,  J^l^  kdmil,  ^\j  tdm.  See  Com- 
plicated.— Implicit  confidence,  jLclcI 
fj^l^  i^imdd  kdmil. — Implicit  obe- 
dience, Lt>\j  ^ILl  itd^t  tdmmaL 

Implore,  v.  ^j^^  tadarra^  {^A]^  talah. 

'  See  Beseech,  Ask,  Beg,  Solicit. — To 
implore  the  intercession  of  another, 


wil:Lrf\  iBtoihfa^,  An  implorer,  ^^<3 

dd^^  ^jJci^mutadarri^,  See  Solicitor. 

Imply,  V,  (comprise  as  a  consequence), 
^\sj  ^1r  f^AsJ^\  ishtamal  ^ala*  no- 

idffif.     See  Denote^  Signify;  Infold, 
Involve. 
Impoison,  v,  j^a^^  iammam. 

Impolitic,  impolitical,  c^^JcJt  a^^Xa  ^a- 

t^m  attadairrub.  See  Imprudent. 
Import,  V,  (bring  into  any  country), 
c,,^ls>"  jdlab,  Ja)  nakdl.  To  import 
goods,  ^l^  S"^^  yo/o^  haddye^ ; 
(to  be  of  moment),  ^  hamm.  What 
does  that  import?  ^jju   UU  fndnd 

Importyimportanoe  (consequence),  X^  ,j|^ 

darUriyat.  See  Moment. 
Import  (sense),  ^^iJt^  tna^na\ 
Import  (merchandize  imported  from 
abroad),  iSLAs^j^  ^  h^^  ^^ 
haddyi^  majliibat  min  ghayr  mahalldt. 
A  thing  of  great  importance,  isr'^^ 
^Uf^  matilahat  mvhimmatf  ^j^  ^""'^ 
muhim.  To  be  of  importance,  ^^j^ 
»dr  muhim.  A  thing  of  no  importance, 

^jt^  L5^  ^hiy  ghayr  muhim.    The 

wolf,  howeyer,  reoeiyed  not  his  adyice,  and  he 
retnrned  him  a  rough  answer,  saying  to  him, 
Thou  hast  no  right  to  speak  on  matters  of  such 
great  magnitu£,  imd  on  affairs  of  such  an 

immense  importance,  (..i^jJl  fJJb  As 

Important  (momentous)  ^f^  muhim*  To 
render  important,  j^Ji^  ^f^  15^^  J"^^ 
^mal  ashshy  mMm  waldzim. 

Importation,  ^LaJ^  c^lL^I  ijtildh  al 

haddyi^    An  importer,  ^l>^  ^"^ 
jaUdh  haddyi^ 


IMP 


(730) 


DIP 


Importunate,  J^  talciU 

Importunately,  ll\Sj  ^)aj  bikol  aakalat. 

Importune,  v.  _)l£  JU  takkal  ^ala*, 
^j\  M^af.  See  Harass,  Teaze,  Molest. 

Importune,  j-i^^  mudajfir.  See  Vexa- 
tious.— (unseasonable),  iLs!^j^  ^J 
/i  ffhatfr  mahdlloh. 

Importunity,  ^J^aJ  ioidii^,  Aje\  Uh&h. 

Impose,  V.  wJ>^  wada^;  (taxes  or  other 

burdens),   cjLJI^  ^jlr  _^j   ramo* 

^alayhim  iahdhf.  To  impose  (com- 
mand as  a  duty,  etc.),  ^Jlc  ^y  farad 

^Mf  jJ\    amor,   i^^  farad.      See 

Order,  Enjoin. — To  impose  upon,  ^JLc. 

ghoih.     See  Cheat,  Deceive. 
Imposed  upon,  j^Jf^  maghrUr. 
Imposition  (laying  one  thing  on  another), 

^J^  wad^f  ^Jo  tarh.     Imposition  of 

taxes,  etc.,  v— bJO  taklTf.  Impositions 
or  public  burdens,  JLi^  uJJlXj  takd- 
Iff  ^rfiytU,  An  imposition  (command), 
A^  huhm^  Li3  hadd.   See  Injunction. 

(deceit),   ^-L^   ^!^^.       See    Cheat, 
Fallacy,  Imposture. 
Impossible,  g,;:u..^  mumtani^f  ^jLt^j^ 
ghayr  munikin^  Jl^=^  muhdlj  J^j^-^w* 

mustahiL    Impossible  things,  CL^Slsr^ 

tnuhdldU 
Impossibility,    cLx:l^\    imtind^,    aS^ 

^lCt!l\  ^adam  al  imkdn. 
Impost,  ^— qJlO  tahllf  ^  ratm.     See 

Taxes,  Toll,  Custom.  [toaram. 

Ml** 

Imposthume,   «.  <U.^J    dummalat,    ^jj 
Impostor,  i,j\x^  makkdr,  j\ss:  ghadddr, 


,\ 


khaddd^m 


Imposture,   iL^   hllat,  ji^  'JS   itnwir. 

See  Deceit,  Fraud,  Cheat. 
Impotence,  impotency  (want  of  power), 


ifj*yj  aSc  ^adam  hudrai,  yf-  ^J9l\ 

(incapacity  of  propagation),  J^  ^ijsl 

Impotent,  fc— a^t.^  da^f  j^^  l'^^ 
See  Feeble,  Weak,  Powerless.— (with- 
out power  of  propagation),  J5>-U  ^ajk 

Impotently,  Is^^  f^Ma  Jij  hikolia^ 

wa^asL, 
Impoverish,  v.^fahkar. 
Impoverishment,  fj^\  tflds. 
Impound,  ]o\^\  ahdt. 
Impracticable,    J^\  ^^^j^^j^  gkaip 

mumkin  al  ^amal.     See  Impossible, 

Fntractable.  [Corse. 

Imprecate,  9.  ^x  Ici^  da^  ^5*^'*    ^ 

Imprecation^  U  J  du^dy  iiji  la^naL  See 

Curse. 
Impregnable,  ^^^  mant^   An  impng* 

nable  fortress,  ,,f**a>^  ..r-^^  ^m^  haii» 

See  Castle. — He  then  collected  the  carpent^ 
builders,  and  architects,  and  sent  them  to  tb: 
monntain,  and  they  bmlt  for  her  an  imprt^- 

nable  palace,  ^^^»rjL^vJ\  ^^-^^^  ^ 

Iju:u.«  \J«^  Lfl  \yj  jJj  J^ 
Impregnate,  r.  (with  young),  <jl^  ^iWfi/. 
Impregnated  (with  young),  ,Ju»-  ^<(^ 
To  be  impregnated,  c:l>^1^*w  ^^iio^ 

Impregnated  (filled),  ^Um»  shah^n- 

See  Saturated. 
Impregnation,  ^J«>-^a5a/.  SeePregnascr. 
Impress,  i;.  (imprint),  jt  aatar;  (tofbroo 

into  the  service  of  government),  J^ 

sakhkhar.    To  impress  upon  the  miow 

jj\  anar. 


>• 


1. 


Impress,  impression,  impressure, 
^ldmat,i\  air  (pl«  j^l   d8&r)y  {J^ 
nakih.  [^fhr.   See  Ices. 

Impression  (image  fixed  in  the  mini , 
Impressed,  Jj(^  mti^a22<iiii.   See  Marker* 


i 


Dip 


(731) 


IN 


— li  ship,  horsesy  or  any  thing  im- 
pressed into  the  king's  8er?ice,  ijir* 
smJtkra, 
ImpriBon,  v.  ^/»«>»  hahoi,  ^^sr^  sajan. 

Imprisonment,  ^^/mm^  hobs,  ^jsy*  »qfn» 

Imprisoned,  ^jyM^*«r*   maMus,  ^^s?***^ 

mtufun.     To  be  imprisoned,  (^/u^a^t 

inhaboi.  [thtimdl. 

Improbability,  JlcL^SI  aJl^  ^adam  al 

Improbable,  (J.«cls^^  ffhayr  muhtamai. 

See  Incredible.  [Dishonesty. 

Improbity,  ijl«t  ^ Jlc  ^adam  amdnat.  See 

Improper,  l^  .^miL^^^  yA^r  muncUi^. 

Improperly,  c,  ^^L^^^  ^^  ^*  toqfhin 

ghayr  mundsib.  [mandiahai. 

Impropriety,  <L^Lv-4i.S\  i*tX&  ^adam  al 
Improvable,  ^Ji\  ^^^j^^^mumkindlnaf^* 
Improvableness,  ^i:i\  ^lC«t  inikdn  al 

na/^;  .(as  a  conntry),  jUx!\  Jjli  kdbU 

U  ^mdr. 
Improve,  v,  (make  better),  J^  iollah; 

(to  edify),  (mmjJ[  addab,  S&  ^attam. 
See  lostniot. — To  improve  a  country 
or  estate,  J&Jly^ic  ^ammir  al  bildd. 
Improvement,  .^wL^  ^fA,  ^^JuJ  ^- 
fliuMir^n.  Improvement  of  an  estate, 
rn^^  ta^fnlr.  See  Cultivation. — (edi- 
fication), ifJiju  ta^limf  c-^b>ljf  iddib. 

Improved,  J^^^fnusaUah,jytJL^maMilr* 
Improver,  s.  £^^  mtMolhh, 
Improvident,^  JcJi  JJli  kalU  attadbir, 

Imprudence,  iLiii  ghaflaty   i^a^  A«Xfi 
^adam  ba^at,  ^  mAu,  ^JiLc  ^  j^  ^o- 

Xmpradent,  jlc;^\)b    itTd   imtigdn,   h 
ijf^,  b%ld  baalraif  4jiU  ^A4/^/,  Jib  % 


btla  ^aU,  j^^Sj  li  bild  tadblr,,  JjbU- 
jdhil.  [jMhtvan, 

Imprudently,  Jliu  Sb  ^t^  ta^lkul,  \^ 

Impudence,  i^\j^  wakdhat,  (^j\  i*Jx 
^adam  adab. 

Impudent,  L^-  )b  bdd  hagd. 

Impudently,  \^^j^  ^  min  ghayr  Kayd. 

Impugn,  V.  ^Jl£  s^s^  hajam  ^la\     See 

Attack,  Assault 
Impulse  (effect  of  one  body  acting  upon 

another),i)ti^  jiSf  iflSif  aUcuwatadddfi^L 

See  Incentive,  Instigation. 
Impulsive,  ^t  J  ify  <0  laho  kUwat  ddfi- 

^at,  c)jS!^  muharrik.  Impulsive  force, 

KjS:^  i^  kUwat  muharrikat 

Impunity,  i)^aji\  a  J^  ^adam  al  ^kiibat, 

^Ldfill  AAf  ^adam  al  kisds. 

Impure,  ^It^^  ghayr  tdhir,  \jmtsf 

mjU,     See  Nasty,  Filthy.  [rat. 

Impurely,  ij\^j^  ^  min  ghayr  tahd' 

Impurity,  impureness,  Sj\^  ^Jlc  ^adam 

tahdrat,  ^\ser  najdmt.  See  Filthi- 
ness,  Nastiness. 

Imputable,  ij^is^sr^  muhtamal,  ^^;Cw/» 
jL^SIt  mumkin  al  tmdd,  (JaxU  c.^ y 
karzb  lU  ^akl.  See  Accusable,  Charge- 
able* 

Imputation,    JLii^-l    ihttmdl,     <iL4^ 

^«Ama^,  ^1^1  ithdm,  jL^\  imai.    See 

Accusation,  Charge,  Calumny,  Ee- 
proach.  Slander. 

Impute,  Af7  taham.  See  Accuse,  Cen- 
sure, Eeproach,  Slander. 

Imputer,  «.  ^b  tdkm. 

In,  (J  /E.  In  the  mean  time,  i^y^  c^ 
Ci3j  /!  ghudun  mlik.  In  fact,  ii 
iuisll  /fj  AaiiA«<;  (on  for  in),  ^^ 
-.j^^juLJI  Jt^:w«!t   ^ala^  al  manwdl  al 


INA 


(782) 


DTC 


nuuhrHh.  In  a  continned  series,  |Jx 
JlyJl  ^M  attawall.  In  this  case, 
jl<^\  1  jjb  ,<U  ^o/a'  hM  atiahdlr. 

Inability,  fjiXftIt  ^Jlc  ^adam  al  hudraty 
i^\  AtXs.  ^am  al  kuwat.  See  Im- 
potency. — Inability  of  resistance,  a  J^ 
iUtjlLiil  ^adam  al  makdwamaL 

Inaccessible,  J^^l  «^xUb^  mumtani^ 
al  wutHl.  [See  Incorrectness. 

Inaccuracy,  ^jJI  ^j^  ^oe^tuTi  a/  <7»i&^. 

Inaccurate,  ,^^jJs,  ghayr  Bahlh.     See 

Incorrect,  Imperfect.  \al  haraikat. 

Inaction,  inactivity,  iSj^\  aJ^c  ^adam 

Inactive,  ^L^^t  a^Aa  ^a^m  al  haraiat, 

^Ly^  kasldn.      See  Idle,   Indolent, 

Lazy,  Sluggish. 
Inactively,  J^  Jjj  Mb^  ihuaZ. 
Inadequate,  ^\y^j^  ghayr  muwdfik^ 

ghayr  kd/t,  fj^\j  ndki*.  See  Defec- 
tive.— To  be  inadequate,  ^!ltt  md  Idk, 
J^it^U  md  tedfak,  [kat. 

Inadequately,  iLilJ  aJ^  bi  ^adam  lagd- 

Inadvertency,  ^f«)  sahn,   JUjbl   liAma^. 

See  Kegligence.  [Negligent. 

Inadvertent,  JiU  y^d/i/.    See  Careless, 
Inadvertently,  \^  tahwan. 
Inalienable,    ^  (— f/^  ^^^i  «^^>^^  ^   ^ 

ahhad  yakdir  yataw/rraf  hxhu  \m%d. 
Inanimate,  ^^j\  bild  rawh,  S^\>'jd- 
Inapplicable,  s^^^'Xx^j^  ghayr  mundsibf 

fjj\!is2^j^  ghayr  middhik. 
Inapplication,  jlf^l  /^J^  ^adam  ijtihdd. 

See  Indolence. 
Inarticulate,  laiUlj^Ui:^^^  ghayr  muta- 

mayyan  al  lafi.   An  inarticulate  sound, 

inarticnlatene8S,J;ft.«::^^^  lai!  lajk  ghayr 


Inartificial,  ^jc^j^  ^^  mm  gkmfr 
san^at     See  ArtificiaL 

Inattention,  JiU7  taghdjul,  i^^jiOili 
JUl  kdlat  dayardn  al  hdl.  See  In- 
advertency. 

Inattentive,  JiU  ghdJU^  ^"r^^^^  gkap 
muntabih,  ^L*  idhL  Bee  Careless, 
Negligent. 

Inaudible,  c^^yu^f  ^  ghayr  musmU^, 

Inaugurate,  t;.  ^jm^  karras,  ^j  ratam. 
See  Consecrate. 

Inauguration,  <U«j  hay^i,  ^j^^  idk" 
dl9*  The  inauguration  of  a  king, 
lIM^I  \jm^^  jidUi  al  malik.  See 
Coronation,  [Unfortunate. 

Inauspicious,    (jm^^U    manhiU.       See 

Inborn,  ,<«^  tahl^l.    See  Innate. 

Incage,  r.  fjasji\  ^  ^j   taada^  fil 

ka/as.     See  Confine,  Imprison. 

Incantation,  ^^sr*  sahr  or  WXr.  See 
Enchantment.  ^hility. 

Incapableness,   incapability.     See   Ina- 

Incapable  (unfit),  JjU^^  ghayr  k^U^ 
(JiijiS'  ghayr  Idyik;  (without  power), 
iy  h  htld  kUwat;  (withoot  under- 
standing), Jac  h  btld  ^akl,  Jlf  h 
hdd  ^Im. 

Incapacious,  w^ilj^^  ghayr  irdM^.  See 
Narrow.  [wa9^, 

Incapaciousness,  Xiuojlt  /»Jlc    ^adam  al 

Incapacity,  Jixll  fJ^  ^adam  al  ^aU, 
j1  JucUrfil  i%  Jlc  ^adam  al  tsti^ddd.  See 
Inability.  fprxson. 

Incarcerate,  v.  (^p«f»^  haha».    See  Im- 

Incarnate,  Jumscu  mii^iMMi. 

Incase,  r.  i— ttlr.  ghaUaf.     See  Badoee^ 

Cover,  Envelope. 
Incautious,  JiU  yJUr^,  ^OJ  L  Mi 

tadbir.     See  Careless. 


INC 


(733) 


INC 


IncantioQsly,  ii\s  ghdfiUfi^  ^iif  J^ 
hikol  ghaflatin^  jUjbl  Ji^  hihil  ihmdl. 

Incendiary,  s,  (one  who  seta  hoases,  etc. 

on  Are),  j]^  harrdk;  (a  seditious 

man),  iisJi\  cJjoe^  muharrtk  dlJUnai, 

jLmaI^  cJjs:^  muharrii  aHfudd  J^Jut 
tnufiid. 

Incense,  j^a^  hakhkhOr. 

Incense,  v.  {^^nc\  aghdab.  See  Exas- 
perate, Irritate. 


Incensed,  ^Uioi  ghadbdn.    Her  fiither 

then  «onTeyed  her  iato  an  apartment,  and 
there  confined  her,  appointing  ten  old  women 
as  watch  women  to  guard  her,  and  forbidding 
her  to  enter  the  sefen  pahices ;  aod  he  made 
it  appear  that  he  was  incensed  against  her, 
and  sent  letters  to  all  the  King^s,  informing 
them  that  she  was  afflicted  wi^  insanity, 

iUi  If^j  tiu^l  \^J\  UUl  ^\  J 

clJ^\  ^\^  J^j\,  W^  ^Loi 


\^\  ft^^f^ 


I 


Incentiye,  t.  \l^js^  fnuharrik.  See 
Impulse,  Instigation. — (stimulating), 
ijOjS:^  muharrid,  \^jS^  muharrtk. 

Incessant,  /*^t«X^  muddtcim,  mAj  ddyim. 

Incessantly,    UjI  J  ddgman,    ^UHl  j^Ati 

ddyim  al  ayydm. 
Incest,  s^jUH  ^  UjJl  4-^lOjl  irtikdh 

auind  ma^  al  akdrib.     [See  Accident. 
Incident, «.  Ju  jU-  hdd%$at,  ^UJl  ittifak. 
Incidental,  incident,  ^\ij\  ittifdkl. 
Incidentally,  IjUj\  ittifdkan. 

Incision,  incisure, «.  i^\j>'jardkai,  Jh^ 
shik*     See  Wound. 

Incite,  V.  u^j^  harrad,  C^j>'  harrak, 
L^^j  raghghab,  v,!^  ^«.  See  Ex- 
cite, Animate. 

Incitement,    C^JjOsT  tahrik. 


iahrid,  (^■%>"  ^.      See  Incentive, 

Impulse. 
Indvility,  c^ jl  JLli  kiHat  adb. 
Inclemency,  ^liJU  mSc-  ^adam  $ha/akaL 

See  Cruelty,  Severity,  Roughness. 
Inclement,  JU?  tdlim.  See  Cruel,  Harsh, 

Severe,  Merciless,  Boisterous. 

Indinahle,  JjU  fndyi7,  H^b  ^^9^^* 
See  Willing,  Favourable. 

Inclination  (propension  of  mind),  J^ 

fMyl,  Lxj  rughbat,  i^\iafr\  injitdh. 

See  Affection,    Love,    Propensity.— 

(deposition  of  mind),   J^l^-  khdtir ; 

(tendency  downward),  J^  inay/.  Con- 
strain jonr  inclination,  and  yon  will  be  well 

conducted,  jJ^J  C^\^  i^U^ 
Incline,  r.  (to  be  favourably  disposed), 

JU  mdl'y  (to  bend,  lean  downward), 

Jt«  md/. 
Inclined,  JjU  mdytZ,  <— fljad.^^  mun^atif, 

uJ^Im^  ma^uf.     See  Bent. 
Inclining,  JjU  mdyt?,  yj^^^  munhanl. 
Include,  v.  (comprise),  >5-i-^  i^ij-^^-^^ 

ihtawa^   ^ala\    ^^Jx.  f^AsJ^\    ishiamal 

^M,     See  Contain ;  a^o  Enclose. 
Included,     inclusive,     J...£&-\j     ddkhH, 

^}asJS^  mushtamd.     See  Contained. 
Incog,   incognito,   ^^^.iidL«   mutkhaffi. 

To  be  incognito,   concealed   or  dis- 
guised,  ^^AacT  takkaffa\ 

Incoherence,  incoherency,  JLmjIimiJI  ^Jl£ 

^a(2t»m  ^  tnandtabai. 
Incoherent,  t^^MiU^^,^^  y^r  mund^i^. 

Incombustible,  J^a^)  to  yuhrak. 
Income,  Jy^  J^  madkhnl.   See  Produce, 

Revenue. 
Incommensurable,  ^jmiIaj  )  Z^  yui&d«. 
Incommode,  incommodate,  v.  ijb\:>^  cj^ 

«a<Ua^  khdtiraho,  i^^j  ^Jx  Jl«x  ^mm^ 


DTC 


(734) 


ETC 


^llhi  lahmaif    ^m^-^*^   ta^<^ai»     See 

Hinder,  Embarrass. 
Incommodious,  cJ^d/t  mmaidi^ 
Incommodiously,  X«^  JG  hikoltahmai. 

Incommodiousness,  ^U»-J  s«Ama/,  <— iKj 
takalluf.     See  Inoonvenience. 

Incommnnicable,  ^Ij^f  ^JkA^j^^haffr 
fnumhin  al  hay&n.   See  Oommnnicate. 

Incomparable,  ^^Jai  ^U  i»d^^  AMfr, 
^jj\  Jjy  /arf(^  uddahvf  ^JU  nAJtr. 

Incomparably,  j^ii}  lb  ^*^mis!r,  ^L»<uuJ)b 

&i?a  tashbJh,  And  he  was  incomparable  amon^ 
the  people  of  his  time  in  glory,  conrage,  ana 

justice  to  the  people,  ^Jjbl  Jo-j1  j^Oj 

Incompassionate,  iu»-^«^  ii7d  rahmat, 
SAiJt»  1)  hila  ihafakaU     See  Pitiless. 

Incompatible,  (J^^yj;^  ghayr  muwdfih. 

See  Inconsistent. 
Incompetency.     See  Inability. 
Incompetent,  \^,^.^sJc^j^  ghayr  mund- 

sib,  Ji^ji^  ghayr  Idyxk. 
Incompetently,    l.^..wIi^^^  i^^,    ^* 

toajhtn  ghayr  mundM, 
Incomplete,  ^^\j  n&kii.  See  Defective, 

Imperfect. 
Incompleteness,  ^joaj  nakt,  jyA9  hmur. 

See  Imperfection,  Defect.      [w&fakat. 
Incompliance,  ijjSyiS  aSc  ^adamalmu- 

Incomprebensible,  inconceivable  (not  to 
be  conceived),  C/iJj1  Id  udrak,  jy 
Jixlt  fatok  al  ^akl. 

Incomprehensible  (not  to  be  contained), 
^/iwlJ  h  hila  kiy&9. 

Incomprehcnsiblcncss,  incomprehensi- 
bility, C^jJA\  ASe.  ^adam  al  idrdk. 

Incompressible,  y^^u  1  Id  ytmhasir* 

Inoonoealable,  ,  Jta^J  Id  yukhfa\ 


Inconclusive,  ^U  iiaiw,  f^^ji^  Shmfr 

tdm, 
Inoondunvely,  h^^  lb  hOd  nai^at. 

Incondusivenen,  ^^r^vH  a  Jic  ^adam  dl 

natljat. 
Inconditional,  ^jLj^  ghayr  skariL 
Inconformity,     nonconformity,      z**'^-^ 

JLftil^l  ^adam  al  muwdfaiat, 
Incongmity,  incongruence,  ^UmiUmm  i  /»*X£ 

^adam  al  mundsabal,  lj3\yli\  a«Xc  ^«- 

dam  al  mttwdfalBoi. 
Incongruous,  Ji\yj^  ghayr  wnmmdfk, 

^^V^^j^r  ghayr  mwidiib. 
Inconsiderable,  40^1^11  Id  i^ibdr  laho, 

^i  Id  9hy,  ^^*}  diin.     See  Trifling. 
Inoonsiderableness,  j\s^^  /»«Ve    ^adam 

i^tihdr. 
Inconsiderate,  ^JJ  L    htld  iaibU-y  h 

i^-^  Wa  hoArat^jl'L  hUdJOr,  JiU 

ghdfil.      See  Impradent,   Negligent 

Careless. 
Inconsiderately,  <LlaL>-lL«  3b  lUd  mmtd- 

hatat.     See  Carelessly,  Easbly. 
Inconsiderateness,  inconsideratioDy   aJ^ 

ylill  ^adam  aifhr,  iji^\  (^*^  ^aiam 
al  hatHraU 
Inconsistence,incon8istency,ilRj\k4]^  >»«X£ 

^dam  al  mutdhahat,  i^\:^\  *J^ 
^adam  al  mundsahai,  XslUr^  MtiUalf- 
fat,  i^h^\  mtadf  (pL  Ci^-UJi:;^' 
ikhtildfdt),  ^jJU^  mu^dnadat,  jLt* 
ta^llulf  lj\Ji\  A tXfi  ^adam  al  Uydiat. 

See  Incongruity. 
Inconsistent,  J^V*^  ghayr  mmwS^ 
^  ^..l'.^  A  ghayr  mundiibf  ^Um^ 
ghayr  tnutdhik,  cJlU::^  mukhaIi/,j}}M^ 
mughdyir,  OJU^  mu^dnidf  ^J\i»^  mh 
ndfi,  ^^\:^mundkid.  SeeOmtmyt 
Absurd,  Bepugnant. 


DfO 


(735) 


INC 


TnconBistentlyy  c.;«^««aL<«^^  ^^  H  wo- 
jhm  §hayr  mund$ih* 

Inconsolable,  <LL>*rJ^  JjIj^^  ghayr  hdhil 
attatUyai.     See  Sorrowful. 

Inconstancy,  cl^L^Jt  aJ^  ^adam  assahdt. 
See  Fickleness. 

Inconstant,  ^j:^\jj^  ghaifr  sdhat,  ^/tolL 
tdyith.  [iabdt. 

Inconstantlj,  cr^Li  ^jJ  ^j^   min  dun 

Inconsumable,  uJUlOII  wxUb^  mumtant^ 
al  itldf,  ^Miji  Id  yafikati^. 

Incontestable,    XcjU^  ij\^md    hihi 
mundta^,  tc^^  *^f^9  t^^  hdH^, 
^^xLj  JStf^^i.     An  incontestable  proof, 
;Ll  JJj  i^o/t;  «Ad/t.     See  Indis- 
putable. 

Incontinence,  ci^^^fuJb  cJUf^^  inkimdk 

Incontinent,  <J:.?t^U  CXi^f^  munha^ 

tnik  hil  shdhwdL 
Incontinently,  \1^\a^\  J^  &t^7i9»Afiitdi;. 

Incontrovertible,  ^Uj  ^  tt  ma  ^t^'ntsd^. 

See  Indisputable. 
Inconyenience,    iliLUl    >»tXfi    ^eiiaM  a/ 

laydhat,  <U». ;  saAm^^.   See  Difficulty, 
Trouble.  —  (unfitness),     sji3\y   a*x& 

^adam  muwdfakat. 
Inconvenient     (incommodious),     u.^^ 

ta^aby  i\sj  saklat;  (unfit),  (J^^yj^ 

ghayr  muwdfik.     See  Inexpedient. 
Inconveniently,  iu>-j  J^  hikd  nahmat, 

^.Mj  JG  hikol  iahaUaf.  . 
Inconversable,  ^Ijcj  !l  Za  yu^a^<2«Aar« 

See  Unsociable,  Incommunicative. 
Inconvincible,  w^iiijil  Id  yunkani^ 

Incorporal,  incorporate,  incorporeal,  j^x. 


Inoorporality,  Ju«uet  ASe-  ^adam  aljatad. 
Incorporate,  v.  (mingle),  lai^^   khalatt 

mto  dam,  ^-'4^  jama^»    See  Mix. 
Incorporation,  \A^  khalt,  JfWt  «'Md^, 

aIstI  ilhdm,  ^\j::^\  tmiizdj,  ^  dam. 

See  Mixture,  Union. — ^An  incorpora- 
tion (a  college,  body  of  artisans,  etc.), 
4J^  hirfiU,     See  Association. 
Incorrect,  0^^  j0a  ghayr  sakih.     See 

*  Inaccurate.  [taslih. 

Incorrectly,   i^vLa?  ^^J  ^   mm   dun 

Incorrectness, 


•     • 


aJ^  ^oiffm  iahhat, 

.1.0!  /%iXe  ^oinm  fia^A,  JUjb\  t^ma/. 

See  Inaccuracy. 
Incorrigible,  ,t<Ju^l  JjU^  ^A^yr  id5i7 

attasllh,  ^^Ici  Id  ^ildj  laho.     See 

Profligate. 
Incorrigibleness,  JiJi\  mSs,  ^adam  al 

isldh.     See  Depravity,  Wickedness. 
Incorrigibly,    ,^^\  aJuu    hi    ^adam 

attadih 
Incorrupt,  incornipted,ylb\L  tdhir,  ^lc>- 

khdlisy  Jltf  sdlihy   ^U   «a/!.     See 

Pure,  Good,  Honest. 
Incorruptibility,    incorruptness   (purity 

of  manners),  JLo  galdh,  ij\^  tahdrat. 

See  .  Honesty,  Integrity,  Chastity. — 
(freedom  from  decay),  Lsli  ^  Jl^  ^adam 
al/and. 

Incrassate,  v.  C^^^^  tammak. 

Increase,  v.  (make  more  or  greater),  J^J 
s^d,  uJwl  addf;  (to  grow  more  or 
greater),^  keher,  J^  f^eum. 

Increase,  if Jbj  tiyddat,  objjl  i%diydd, 
Oj}jJ  tatdyudjj^tij  takslr. 

Increased,  j\jj^  muzddd, 

Increaser,  «.  Jjy$  mtaayyid. 

Increated,  ^^.sr^j^  ghayr  makMuh 


INC 


(736) 


IND 


InciedibilityyincredihleDesBy^  Ju^t  i%  Jkfi 

^adam  attasdlk. 
Incredible,  fjxacj  J  Id  yaUuaddak. 
Incredalitjjincredulousness,  jUifJl  ^J^ 

^adam  dl  i^tk&d, 
Incredolons,  Ji^  Idfir. 
Increment.     See  Increase,  Produce. 
Incmst,  9.  (?dth  plaster,  paint,  etc.), 

^jJi^  layyiu. 
Incmstation  (on  walls,  etc.),  ^j**^  iafyu. 
Incnbate,  v,  ^/aJi\  ,Jl£  CL^Jjii  ha^aial 

^M  al  hayd,  o^:>iA'v>  hadanoL     See 

To  sit  upon  eggs. 
Incubation,  ,j»a»^  hadn. 
Incubus  (night-mare),  \j»»y}^  h&hiU  (pi. 

^jt»^}^  hawdhu).  [Teach. 

Inculcate,   Jl£   ^aUam.     See  Instruct, 

Incult    See  llncultiyated. 
Inculpable,  (^  hari.    See  Blameless. 
Incumbent  (lying  upon),  ^<^^  tnuttaki ; 
(imposed  as  a  duty),  /^jt  ld%im,  v,,  mr>'\^ 

wajiby   {Jj^j^   durUri,    See  Proper, 
Necessary. 
Incur,  V.  Jjbli*.il  istdhal,  ^Js^\  Utdhak, 

Incurable,  ^  -».lc  H  Id  ^Idj  laho,  ^:.r>.4  ^ 

^]UIf  mumtant^al  ^(Idj, 

Incurableneas,  incurability,  ^^^  &l:»2/tf 
imtindt,  al  %,%ldj. 

Incurably,  --)U  5b  hUd  ^tldj,  ^^ J  ^ 
4^U^  min  dUn  mu^UjaL 

Incurious,  Jiljc^  mtf^^/;.  See  Neg- 
ligent, Inattentiye. 

Incursion,  $.  /^ys^  hujUm,  SJ!u»^  handat. 
See  Invasion,  Attack. 

Incurvation,  incurvity,  Ij^aH  inhind^ 
^t^t  in^iwdj.     See  Curvature. 

Incurvate,  v,  ^^i^  hana\  See  Bend, 
Crook. 


Indebted  (being  in  debt 
(having  obligations). 
Indecency,  c-^jl  ^iXfi  ^^dam  mU. 
Indecent,   c^O^Xj   &t2a   ad!0&,  ^fj/^ 

Indecently,  c^j\  a«m  ^'  ^mIsm  •iA. 

Indeclinable,  t^jOi^j^  y^^iy  «*^ 
iorrif.  [Indecent 

Indecorum,  indecorous.    See  Indecency, 

Indeed  (in  reality,  in  truth),  ^^^  ^ 

fil  fffdki^,  \iij£»-  haiakatam,   U^is^ 

tahJnkan,  JUAsoJf  ^  ^oi^  n/toilJHi 

Za^l^yt/Aailfib^.   See  Certainlr. 

—Indeed !  (is  it  possible !  wonderful! 

Ls^  ^'ahan. 

Indefatigable,  Uj^-ocj  !l  te  yatoib. 

Indefatigably,  i^^.trJib  hOd  ta^,  ^ 
Indefeasible,  JlLjll  ^'.n.^^^  mtMUob 
Indefensible  (incapable  of  resistance], 

mat;  (admitting  no  apology),  ^•■'♦^ 
jjjKllmtiifitoi»»^a/^«r.  Seelnexcusablc« 

y^tfyr  mahdud. 

a  vajht 


muttaMIfi 


8\ 


Indefinite,  J^ 

Indefinitely,  j 

ghayr  mahiilr. 
Indelible,  \j*4\j^1\ 

indirdiy    JUa;)^ 

ihtdl 
Indelicacy,  ij\Jio  ^^Xc  ^adam  %ardfBt. 

Indelicate,  /L-ftLUl  Ai«Xc  ^adim  al  lutf. 

Indemnification,   j/^^  u^f^    U^ 

addarar.  [j^oilhi  addanr^ 

Indemnify,  v,  jj^^  '^^  u^^  ^^ineW 

Indemnity  (exemption  firom  punishment. 

^Uxa!\  ^  jfliUJl  dl  mu^dfik  MM  i 

ki»di. 


IND 


(737) 


IXD 


Indent,  9.  (to  covenant),  Wj^  ^^aa  ca- 
rnal ahuritL     See  Contract,  Bai^ain. 

Independence  (freedom  from  control), 
JiSs>^\  iitikldL  Sec  Liberty,  Freedom. 

Independent   (anoontrolled),   ^J^ 


*i*^ 


ference  or  connexion),  ^Jisc^j^  ghayr 

muta^aUih.  \}an. 

Independently  (freely),  !U:lu«^  mustakil- 

Indeterminable   (not   to  be  defined  or 

fixed),  f^^\  ^,vr>4b^  mumtani^  alfoilf 

j>^\  ^'.r^^b^  mumtani^  al  hair,  j^ 

j\j^\  y^f^^-^^glutyr  mumlsin  alhardr. 
Indeterminate,    indetermined   (not  de- 
fined or  fixed),  «3j«Xs^^^  ghayr  mah- 
dud.     See  Indefinite,  Unsettled. 
Indetermination,  JlsI\  a  J^  ^adam  alhadd, 
Indeyont,  l5^1  m^i^s.  ^adlm  attakwa\ 
Index,  «•  (whatever  points  to  anything), 
JJ  J  daiil.    See  Forefinger.— The  in- 
dex  to  a  book,  ^U^  fahrasaL 
India,  ,i^\  jh  hildd  al  hind.     Indian, 

i^SiJb  hindl.     They  informed  me  also 

that  the  Indians  are  divided  into  seyenty-two 
claflsee,  and  I  wondered  at  this  extremely, 

•       •  •• 

Indicate,  r.  ^\j\Jt»\  oihdr  *la\     See 

Show,  Point  out. 
Indicated,  aj\  ^^yt^\  almnma*  ilayhi, 
Indication,  ijS\  isharaty  XJ^J  daldlat, 

JJjc^l  istidldl,  LJL,  ^al&fnat,  As\ 

i^m,  ^U^  hurhdn,  j\^\  Mdr.  See 
Hark,  Sign,  Token,  Symptom ;  Infor- 
mation, Intelligence. 

Indicating,  indicant,  Jt  J  dal. 

Indict,  r.  (accuse  of  a  crime),  ^Jx  ^^S^\ 
iahtaka*  cala\     See  Accuse. 


Indictable,  X^lC^Jf  l^-^\^  wdjib  al  iha- 
hdyat.  [i«>^J^  nuumikm. 

Indicted,  dJ.fi  ^Jl/U^  mushiako^  ^allhi, 

Indictment,  ^IC^  ahakdyat.  See  Accu- 
sation. 

Indifference,  indifferency  (coldness,  want 
of  affection),  XJ^j)  hurUdat,  Jus^ /^iXs^ 
^adam  muhdbhat;  (carelessness),  JUjb\ 
ihmdl.  See  Negligence. -» (equipoise, 
suspension  of  judgment),  JtjcLfi^  u^t- 

ddl,  JLijU^  muJidalat,  ^j^^  muwd' 

tanat.  See  Impartialitj. — ^Verily,  indifference 
to  the  world  is  the  most  appropriate  and  the 

most  sure  course,  Ij  jJI  ^  JUbpl  ^ 

Indifferent  (cold,unaffectionate),  v^^-^*-  \^ 
ii^^ji  9dhib  huriidat;  (careless),  jJiU 
ghdJU;  (left  to  free  choice),  ^.^.ss^  mu' 
khayyar;  (disinterested),  ^yiSt  f^*^ 
codim  al  gharadiyat,  ^!1^  khdlis; 
(in  a  state  of  mediocrity),  Jjcjk^ 
mu^tadil,  Lno^  tnutammL 

Indifferently  (coldly),  ii}jj)  JiG  hikol 
hurudat;  (indiscriminately),  ^y  !b  htld 
fark;  (tolerably,  passably),  Uaw^r 
tawasaitan. 

Indigence,^  fakr.   See  Poverty,  Want, 

Necessity.  The  Ehaleefeh,  when  he  heard  his 
recitation,  said  to  Jaafar,  Obserre  this  poor  man, 
and  consider  these  yerses,  for  they  indicate  his 

necessity,  want,  and  indigence,  LfJui 

Indigenous,  t^jJ^  haladl. 

Indigent,  ^jjii^  muflis,  >J^::^.s^  muhtdj\ 

jJ^  fakir.    See  Poor,  Needy.     While 

I  was  one  night  during  the  winter  paying  my 
respects  to  the  Oovemor  of  Alexandria,  when 
be  had  brooght  the  alms  money  to  be  distri- 
bated  to  the  indigent*  and  lo !  there  entered 
an  ill-conditioned  old  man,  whom  a  woman, 
who  had  a  masculine  appearance,  was  haolinp 

47 


IND 


(738) 


IND 


along,  l)jS:S^i\  ^^U-  Jcx  \j\ 

^^-1  ^J  j\  i^\M\  t^.J  ^  A,aiJ 

^Lmo^  if\^l  d\sju  iijSUi 

Indigested  (notarranged,  rude),  l^^-wJ  ]b 
di7a  tartlh;  (not  concocted  in  the 
stomach),  m*a^j^  ghayr  munhadim. 

Indigestible^  a«^1  wVUi'^  mumtani^  al 
hadm, 

m  — 

Indigestion,  ^Uas^  takhmat. 

Indignant,  L^y^  ghadnh.    See  Angry. 

Indignation,  \^^*a£.  ghadah,  iTo  excite 
indignation,  ^^,Ah  ghaddab.  See 
Exasperate. — "With  indignation,  jjio 
L^^^irtrf.  hikol  ghadah.  [Insult. 

Indignity,  ^  Ul  thdnat    See  Contumely, 

Indigo,  J^  nf^. 

Indirect  (not  straight),  ^  ^«^  mtf ^awo;', 

^Jf^  muitawh   Crooked,  curved  (not 
honest),  J\^j^  ghayr  sdUh. 

Indirectly,  \jj\J^\  ishdratan,  lx>U^  kand- 

yatan\  (dishonestly),  Xl^b  HI  hllat. 

Indirectness,   ^^    ^awj;   (unfairness), 

<lL>-    hllat,    ^LS    kahdhat      See 

Dishonesty. 
Indiscernible,  jyiai^j^  ghayr  mantHr. 
Indiscreet,  j^^^h  hild   tadhlr,    ^U 

ghdJU,     See  Imprudent. 
Indiscreetly,  JlxJ  \i  hild  tacakkul. 
Indiscretion,   ilic,  ghaflat,  ij^^  Ati^ 

^adam  hwlrat,  \\p^\  j^Sc  ^tdam  imti- 

yd%.     See  Rashness,  Imprudence. 
Indiscriminate,  ^j^J^  j^  ghayr  mafrnJc. 
Indiscriminately,  ^j^  )b  hUd  fark. 
Indispensable,  f^jl  ld%im,  ^»n-,9^  muk- 

tadl,  i^jy/-^  durUrJ.    See  Necessary. 
Indispensableness,   Ltfil    iktidd,   i*»j^ 
durHrat, 


Indispensably,  \Jjfardan,  \jj^jiivi' 

rataUf    ijyj0ai\)    hU   duritrMt,     8ee 

Necessarily. 
Indispose,  r.  (in  point  of  health),  uixJ 

^^t^/f  L/^y^  thawwa^h;  (to  rader 
unfit),  jJlc^^  ghayyar  ^ala*;  (to  make 
averse),  ^Jle  L,i'^«nr\  aghdub  ^a/o*. 

Indisposed,  ^j^y  marld,  JjLa^  im;/*/. 

See  Infirm,  Sick. 
^ ,    ^ ,    jSC' 

-^Ij^l  inhirdf  al  mkdj.    See  Sickness. 

Indisputable,   ^^^^^irJIl  Jjli  ^  ^Affjff 

kdhil  al  t^itrdd,  L^UaSI  ^J^^^L^^  nw* 

^aAi^  a/  mandza^t  [taintj. 

Indisputableness,  ^^^^  yai^n.    See  Cer 

Indisputably,    liJaT  ^oAJHiaii,  ^^'<f 

&t7  yakln,  LJj  yakHnan.  See  Ca- 
tainly, 

Indissolvable,  indissoluble,  J^j  1  ** 
yunhal,  ^^yak]\  J^^^cw*  mttf^i/  ^ 
nakd.  See  Inseparable,  Firm,  Obii- 
gatory,  Everlasting. 

Indissolubility,  indissolableness,  ^^ 
<J!/l^lt1  ^odam  a/  tnfikdk.  See  Fine- 
ness. 

Indissolubly,  JlLscrtlj  hild  inhUdl. 

Indistinct,    l^^^^  j^  ghayr  mummff^ 

See  Confused. 
Indistinctly  (not  clear),  ^\^j^  ^  a^ 

ghayr  haydn,   ^JjS  h  hild  fori.   ^^ 

Confiisedly. — An    object   seen  va^ 
tinctly  at  a  distance,  t^JU  thM  j^ 
-L^l  aihhdh). 
Indistinctness,    \\^:^\    f^Se>  ^tulsm  i 
imttydz.      See    Confusion. — (want  ^ 

clearness),  ^UJ\  A«Xfi  ^adam  al  Uf^ 

Tbiu  I  remained,  nn^  one  day  I  walk«d  v^ 
the  shore  of  the  island,  and  there  spi»<-"^ 
nnto  me  an  indistinct  object  in  thedi^*''^ 


IlTD 


(739) 


INK 


•  .r 


J^*:?  c/*  vJi***  Vi^ 
lodite,  r.  (write),  ^<mJ1  aiw^'  ;  (dictate 

a  letter),  ^  ^^  nas  laho. 
Individual,  «\>-^^  wdhid;  Can  individual), 

4^^^tfi-^  «^^^  (pi.  ^li-^l  ashkhds). 

Individually,   \jj3  f J^  fardan  fardan, 

t.x>.U  t  j^>-t^  i9<lAii20n  f^dAtd!tr»,    See 
Singly. 
Indocible,  indDcile,  JucJt  ^JjlS^^^^r 

kdhH  ai  ta^aUum, 
Indolence,  indolency,  JUjb^  thmal,  J^ 
katal.    See  Sloth,  Laziness. — (freedom 

from  pain)  ^-fr^^  ^*^  ^adam  al  wajac. 

Beware  of  indolence,  for  it  is  the  key  of  indi- 
gence, the  origin  of  distress,  the  chAracteristic 
of  weakness  and  follj,  and  the  habitual  temper 
of  the  servile  and  dependent;  and  none  gather 
honey  who  choose  indolence,  nor  win  any 
one  fill  his  hand  who  Inxuriates  in  repose, 

rndolcnt,  JiU  ghaJUf  ^^U  hamU,    See' 
Lazy,  Slow,  Slothful. 

[ndolently,  ^^J^  ^JC  hikol  JtasaL     See- 
Carelessly,  SlothfuUy. 

[adubi table,   indubitably,  Cjji»h    Hid 
shah.     See  Undoubted. 

nduce,  <^.  ^j>^  harrak,  {jOj^  harrad. 

See  Excite,  Incite,  Persuade. 

□daced,  C^jS^  muharrah,  (jOj^'^  mu- 
harrad.  See  Persuaded,  Prevailed  upon. 

nducement,  u^^jry  targhib,  \j^^j=^ 
tahr^d,  iJSija^  iahrik.  See  Incen- 
tive, Motive. 


Induction,  J^4X^  madkhal.     See  En- 
trance, Inference.  [Inferring. 
Inductive,  ^:^  muibM^.  See  Persuasive, 
Indulge,   V.  (grant),    ^Jl£  mmj]  an^am 
^M,  0^^  manah  ;    (show  kindness), 

IsAZiS  j^  azhar  al  thafakat.      See 
Favour,  Fondle,  Gratify. 
Indulgence,  -.Uu«)  aamdh ;  (show  of  kind- 
ness), s^AoJL  shafakat,  yic  cofu,  ijSM 
maghfarat.  [Q«ntle,  Favourable, 

Indulgent  (kind),  if)S  haflm.   See  Eand, 
Indulgently,  -.U^^  ^Jxj  hikol  tamdh. 
Indurate,  v,  (make  hard),  ^^^  makkan. 
Industrious,  ^\^  B^^y  JUbtsr^  mujdhid, 

k.,;^  lahlB,  jiU-  hdtik.     See  Dili- 
gent, Laborious. 
Industriously,  ^^ua  Jij  hikol  sa^l,  ^Jxj 

iX^  hikol  jahad;  (on  purpose),  \Xa3 
kasdan,   Ju^  ^  ^n  kasd.     See  In- 
tentionally, Designedly. 
Industry,    j<«-»  m^I,    «J4>-  jaM,     See 

Diligence,  Assiduity. — And  he  replied,  My 
son,  rovinj^  is  the'  entrance  to  this  methoo, 
alertness  its  garb,  adroitness  its  lamp,  and 
audacity  its  armour  and  weapons.  Be  swifter, 
then,  than  a  locnst,  more  prowling  than  a 
jackal,  nimbler  than  a  wild  gazelle,  and  bolder 
than  a  tiger- wolf ;  strike  fire  from  the  flint  of 
fortune  by  industry,  and  knock  at  the  door  of 

maintenance  by  assiduity,  ^^}i  JUi 

Inebriate,  r.  iLs  M^ar,  ^^C^l  (Hkar,  J^ 
sakkar.  See  Intoxicate. — (to  be  in- 
toxicated), ^^C)  sek&r.      [Intoxication. 

Inebriation,^^d  sukr.  See  Drunkenness, 


DTE 


(740) 


DTP 


M\  aJu: 


Inebriated,  ^^^/^  iahrdn.    See  Drank. 
Ineffable,  ^Jua^  ^J^i^  ^  y^mkinwoifiiho, 

Ineffective,  ineffectual,  inefficaciooB,  ^ 

dJxli^Af  min  ghayr  fd^iyat,  (JLb 

hatil. 
IneffectuallyyineffectiTeljyinefficacioiidy, 

^"^^ji^  i:^  mtn  ghaifr  fd^iyut. 
Ineffectualness,  inefficacj, 

^adam  at  tdHr. 
Inelegance,  ^Uaill  /^S&  ^adam  td  hid/at, 

i3\Jgi\  /^Sz  ^adsm  «/  fmrdftU.    Inele- 
gance of  writing  or  eempoBition,  i*«Xfi 

LuJUI  ^adtun  al  inshdM 
Inelegantly,  ^UaS  aJju  hi  ^am  latdfat. 

Ineloquent,  ,^^j^  ghayr  fatilk.     See 

Eloquent. 
Inept,  Jjl5^  ghayr  kdhil.    See  Unfit, 

Useless,  Foolish,  Trifling. 
Inequality,  ^\\jssViAJx>^aiamali^UddL 
Inerrable,  ^  h  hid  tah^. 
Inerrably,  JjH  Id  iud.     See  Infiillibly. 
Inerringly,  ^  lb  hild  sahtL, 

Inert,   KlfjS^j^  ghayr  mmtuharrik. 

See  Motionless,  Sluggish,  DnlL 
Inertness,  t^j^\  |* J^  ^adam  al  harahai. 

See  Dullness,  Sluggishness. 
Inestimable,  XiJi  a!U  mdlaho  klmai. 
Inevident,  ^\^j^  §hayr  wddih* 
Inevitable,  i^\:c^i\  ^:a4^^  mumtani^ 

al  ijtindh^  j1«3a»^!ll  J.c<W.>t  mustahll 

al  ihtit&r.  [jghayr  ma^Hr, 

Inexcusable,  J  ijuS  ft!  ym^%ar,j^J^fL^j^ 

Inexcusableness,  £{j^Jut^\  ^«Xc  ^a(2^m 

a/  ma^zUriyat. 
Inexistent,  inexisting,  AJtX£  ^adbn,  j^ 

*^^y  ghayr  mawfud. 
Inexistence,  J^jJI  ^j*  ^adam  ul  umj\td. 


Inexorable,   M^^^jSt  Id  yarkamy  4iL« 

ij^;^jf%  mdJMm  markamat.  See  Stab- 
bom,  Herciless. 

Inexpedienoe,inexpediency9  Lma\iji^  «J£ 
^adam  almundsahai.  See  Impropriety. 

Inexpedient,  i^^^^\^j^  (fhayr  wdjUk^j^ 
(jJ^\y  ghayr  muwafik.    See  Improper. 

Inexperience,  ^l^^l  aJlc  ^ai0si«/M* 

f»^^£sx]1  A<xc  ^adam  al  tajrthai. 
Inexpiable,  ^^Affj)  Id  yughfar. 
Inexplicable,    «■  ..i^.Ji.^J    ftl    jfvnuilsni, 

(«jli0^!l  Id  ymwdof,  [Id  ymetsi. 

Inexplicably,   t^^jjJ^cyj    hi  Mtf&ri 

Inexpressible,  ci^^^l  Id  yaw$af. 

Inexpressibly,    i^ycyj.^  i^yi  ^ 

wafhin  ghayr  fMwvOf. 
Inextinguishable,  _i]a;j!l  Ul  ymdafl. 

Inextricable,  J^l  ^Jj^^L^  wmstM^ 
hall,  J^)  Id  yanhoL  See  Peiplexed. 
Intricate. 

Infallibility,  infallibleness,  aL^xI  i-> 

sdm,  lks^\  ^  ^^bioiiSl  al  ^itmai  &»«•' 

khatdf  fjJL!i\  Jl£  ^tTfliWyaiblii,  jJa^ 

tahkik.  See  Certainty. 
Infallible,  lks)\  ^  (^T^'^^  ma^Hm  ^ 

a/  ib^M.  See  Certain. 
Infallibly,  l:^^  yaklnamj   \jLjS^  UJ^- 

kan,  a^LmJI  ^  mm  «/  m«^/«0i,  ^*« 

Jj  J^  mm  ib/  ^nJ.     See  Certainlj. 
Infamous,  ^yM^isr*  mufarroi,  ^^ai^mi!' 

d^h,  {lif>^  mahtiik.  See  Ignomioiou 
In&my,   infamousness,  Zf<^maj  JM^ 

See  Ignominy.  [Beginning,  Ori^ 
Infancy,  l^^  iu/nliytti,  L^  m^.  Set 
Infant,  «.  jJj  U7«M^  Jit  /{^ 

See  Child. 


^ 


INF 


(741) 


INF 


Infantilei   infantine,   Sij^  Jl^   miil  al 

waiad.   See  Childish. 
Infantry,   jtjIj  payadah;  (an  annj  of 

infantry),  ^\^JL^  ^asakir  nrnh^ 

shdyi. 
Infatuate,  v.  ic^  _3  t^i>ii\j  ^J^\  Jof 

^aaaam  oihshay  hil  hizbfi  ^ymhu 
Infect,  V.  f^Jx,  ^a\  i^\^\  aadh. 
Infected,   4/0^*2^    mun^idi.      Infected 

with  pestilence,  ^y^  mat^n. 
Infection,  infectioiisness,  ^]j^  sardyat, 
^^IL  td^n,  if^«xe  ^adwat.   See  Con- 
tagion.— Infection  of  the  air,  \j^\  dJ^ir 
^u/Hnat  al  hawa,  [mu^h 

Infectious,  infective,  iSj^  »dri,  i^*^^'^ 
Infectioosly,    i^*^^^^   i^^,    ^^  wajhtn 

Infelicity,  ^jit,s^  nah,  \JLL  ihakd.  See 
Calamity,  Misery,  Unhappiness. 

Infer,  v.  (draw  a  condusion  from  pre- 
mises), ,j^ui^\  iatantqf,  Jjcurf\  istadalf 

^j^  ^\  antaj  min.    See  Bring,  Offer, 

Produce. 
Inferred,  g^^U  ndtij. 

Inference,  a,  ^^^cuJ  natljaty  ^/mLS  hifds^ 
^^\>^  hdiik.  By  inference,  inferrible, 
^^La]^  ^Jl£  ^tfZa'  al  hiyda.  See  De- 
ducible.  " 

Inferiority,  ^jl3  J  dandtoat,  ^J  s>^\  ^^ 

clioj  kaum  ahhad  d^tn  ghayroh  fil 
snakdm  aw  akal  minM  tihnan  wa  nahik 
%alik.  See  Baseness. 
Inferior,  ^^J  dUn,  ^j\  adna*  Ja^\  asfal 
(pi.  JSL\  asdJU),  d^&sar  iahidnl.  The 
inferior  part  (of  anythiog),  cu-^o^  tahi, 
^tj\  awia*. 

Infernal,  ^^4>i,^p^  jahannamh   The  infer- 

nal  spirits,  <tfy,»S^  ^|^1  artrdAAAaS2«a^. 


Inferring,  adj\  ^LX/t  ,j^  yffn^(/  miVtAa. 

Infertile,  L,.>i.n^^^  yA^r  kheseh. 
Infertility,  c^.^n'^l  iLij  itf/^^  a^  i^A^i^^. 
Infest,  t^.  c-^  naAffi,  1^*^  ta^adda', 
^jOjMj  ta^rrad,  ji  dor.  To  infest  the 

roads,  (jl)oi\  ^LS  hkiat^  nA  tarlk. 

Infidel,  s,j3\^  kafir. 

Infidels,  ^U^  ktrfaTf  ij^  kfrfarat.  Like 
an  infidel,^U3!  Jt^  misl  al  kdjir. 

Infidelity,  ^^'^\  /^<^  ^adam  iddfn,  J^ 
kafry  ^UjHI  a  Jj:  ^adam  al  Imdn.  See 
Impiety. — (treachery),  A3Lr>-  kUyd- 
nat,   Uyt  AiXe.   ^adam  al  tcafd.     See 

Perfidy,  Deceit. 
Infinite,  ijl^  ^t«  tndlaho  nihdyat,  j^ 

^Jik>s^  ghayr  m/uian&hl.    See  Bound- 
less, Endless,  Immense. 
Infinitely,  iA^  L  hUd  nihdyaL 
Infiniteness,    infinity,   infinitude,    /^J^ 

Ll^\  ^adam  al  nihdyat. 
Infinitive  (of  a  verb),j  Ju3.«  masdar,  ^Ji 

J  Jua^l  wn  of  masdar. 
Infirm,  cjLxii  da^V>  J^  t'^^h  J^^ 

tna^^l,  ij^j^  maridr  ft^JLi  aa^m.  See 

Weak,  Feeble. 
Infirm  (pi.),  \sjiJ  du'^afS,  ,^j^  murada\ 
Infirmary,  «.  UmJ\j\j  dor  aahahafd,j\j 

^yi!A  ddr  al  tnarad. 
Infirmity,  infirmness,  u,iiw>  da^af,  \^j^ 

marad.      Bodily    infinnities,   ^j^^ 

JlJUwuu£»-  ^awdridjumdniyai. 
Infix,  v.jjA  yharaz  (more  correctly  {jm^ 

yharoi),  Toinfix  in  the  ground,  l-^^^.o) 

tMsab,    To  infix  or  drive  in  pales,  ^J 

0Jj)\  dak  al  watad. 
Infixed,  i^)ya\^  maruQh,    See  Fin. 
Inflame,!;,  (set  on  fire),  J^  Jutrak,  ^^xJ^ 

iha^l;  (to  kindle  desire),  Jj^  thaw- 


INF 


(742) 


INT 


wak;  (to  exaggerate),  ^U  Idlagh. 
See  Aggravate. 

Inflamed,  ^^jcJL^  mmhta^,  i^'^fA^ 
tnultahih,  ^^^  malhuh.  [^t7. 

Inflamer,  8.  W'^^  mtdhih,  f^xJj*^  mwh" 

Inflaming,  part,  c-^^^  tnulhib. 

Inflammability,  inflammableness,  dj3 
JljcJblll  Jcutcat  al  ishti^l. 

Inflammable,  ^ya^  jfuhrak. 

Inflanunation,  j\^^  ihtirdk,  c^lfJI 
iltihdb,  JUi-il  ishti^dl,  ij^j^-  hararat. 

Inflammatory,  ^^'^  mukrik^  See  In- 
flaming. 

Inflate,  v,  i^  nafakh.     See  Blew. 

Inflated,  ^y^^  man/ukh.  See  Haughty, 

Pompous,  Swollen. 
Inflation,  Aasj]  iniifdkh,  ^  na/kh.    See 

Platulency. 
Inflect,  V,  t— flhr  ^ataf,  J^«  mayyd^y^^ 

dayyar.     See  Bend,  Turn,  Change.— 

To  inflect  (a  noun  or  ^rb),  (Jxill  c^^ 

tarraf  alJi^L 
Inflected,  (^Ut;^   mun^a^/,   uJ^Im^ 

See  Bent. 
Inflection,  J^Uj   tatndyul,  L»ake  ^d^^, 
J^  mayt/;  (modulatiou  of  the  voice), 
l^  naghnuU;  (of  a  noun),  f^^j^oj 
tasrlf,  {^joj  toMrruft  v-i^  wr/. 

Inflective,  J-**^  mumayyil. 
Inflexibility,  inflexiblenees,  h*\z^  mata- 

flat,  JLa  ^tndd.     See  Stubbornness, 

Obstinacy ;  also  Stiffiiess. 
Inflexible,  Ju:x  ^nid,  Jja:l^  mutamar' 

rid.     See  Immovable,  Stubborn,  Stiff. 
Inflexibly,  ^'b^  Jij  hikol  matanat,  Jij 

Inflict,  V,  (punishment),  ^L^b  ^C^- 


Infliction,  ^^LaSlb  A^jC^  htikamst  Ji? 
ib«5«.     See  Punishment. 

Influence,  J\  air,  j^\j  tdHr.  Sec  Im- 
pnlse.— (over others),  i. J5  htdrd,  if 
kuwat.  See  Authority. — Influeneea  of 
the  stars,  tl^l^lJ  tdtirmt,  ^\L>\  tk- 
kdm,  K^\^\  ^jJiLxi\  Miadm^h- 
iodkih.  A  happy  influenoe  of  the  stais> 
,X3u»sa^.  AiiunhappyM[ifluenoe,j^«a^ 
nah. 

Influence,  v.J\  asMr,  CJ^  harrdt. 

Influenced, -Jlj  <0  J-<?U-  hdtUbihimr 
Influx,  J--,  ioyl,  ^\fr  Jaraydn.    See 

Infusion,  Influence. 
Infold,  V.  uJJ  laf.    See  Involve. 
Infoliate,  v.  (cover  with  leaves),  js^ 

m 

j^^b  yhatta*  hilwarak. 
Inform,  r.  ^  it»«aJar,  ^lA  ^\  a-M 

i^m,  j^   aJMar.      See   Instruct 

Form,  Animate. — And  I  informed  tbe  Kk 
that  this  ship  was  the  one  in  which  I  ▼«»  i 
passenger,  and  I  told  him  also  that  my  ^ 

had  arrived  all  entire,  clXLa!^  ^j:,.^a^i 

Information,  (♦5L1  t^few,  ^  W«i»^. 
cJy^  wa^feu/,  L-^fc>U  tddihy  ^  i^i' 
llm,  wiJ  tafhlm.  See  Instrucda^ 
Intelligence,  Accusation. — ^To  have  is- 
fonnation,  ,^^  dS-\  okhMihahar,  ^ 
attala^,j*£>^  ^jl^j\^  8dr  ma^  hh^' 

Informed,  ^Ik*  mutiali^.jf^  i^^td^ 

khabar,  t— aiil^  wdkif.    To  be  infanDei 

j^  i^]  akJM  khabar,  ^\  atUik^ 

Informer,  «.  (one  who  gives  intelligent 
,*ir*  mukhabbir;   (an  accuser),  j«^ 
yhammdz,  a\aj  nammdtn,  ^L  «:' 


ING 


(743) 


INH 


Infraction,  *^  foiokh^  ^i3  naiai.  An 
infraction  of  the  peace,    J^\  ^joij 

nakad  al  stdh.     See  Breach,  Violation. 

Infrequent,  J jU  nddir.  See  Bare,  Un- 
common. 

Infringe,  «.  (compact),  ^fasakh,  ^JaAj 

naiad.  See  Violate,  Destroj,  Hinder. 
Infringement,  '^fa$akh.  See  Infraction. 
Infuse,  r.  v— X..>  Bakab.  \^^  hah  t^..^^ 

•  •  • 

iah.  See  Pour,  Instil. — (to  steep,  mace- 
rate), ^aJ  naka^,  J9*  hall.  See  Dis- 
solve ;  aUo  Tincture,  Inspire. 

Infused  (poured),  c-j>^JL«m^  ma9kuh\ 
(macerated),  9  ^^:*^  manhl^. 

Infusible  (possible  to  be  infused),  ^jC^^ 
^aJI  mumkin  al  nak^  J^l  JjIS  kd- 
btl  al  haU ;  (not  fusible  or  dissolvable), 
iS^^^  Id  yanhal. 

Infusion  (pouring),  c,^.<^  mJ,  t^.X^i  Mi^i; 
(steeping,  macerating),  wAJ  nai^c. 

Infosive,  (Js^  yunhal,  ^^*a''^l  yumab. 

Ingenious,    f^^Ja   %ari/,    i-jLLJ    lallf, 

i^jU  t(Srt/,^L«  mdhir.    See  Witty. 

— An   ingenious  man,    JIjc  v_-'^lf 

«aAi5  ^kl.     See  Genius. 
Ingeniously,  ^  Jas  J«i^  ^«^/  ^ai/»»,  JIj 

JL^I^  hikol  fardsat. 
Ingeniousness,  ingenuity,  Ji£  (pi.  J^Lc 

^u^u/),  L»ly  fardaat,  C/\j'S\  idrdk. 

See  Genius,  Wit,  Invention,  Subtlety. 
Ingenuous  (candid),  ^cL^  Bddik^  (Ji'^^ 

Bodlk,  ^jAJ::^  mukhltB,  ^l><.  khdlis, 

^j  %akl.    See  Open,  Free,  Generous, 

Noble. 
Ingenuously,  JX^b  hit  sidk. 

Ingenuousness,  JfJ^  sidk,  ^^^  khu- 

lus,  iL3lJu0  Baddkat,     See  Candour. 
Inglorious,  ijj  danl.  ,Ji^^  haklr,    .^ 


^  y^yr  <^rf/.    See  Base,  Igno- 

minious,  Mean. 
Ingloriously,  ^jU>-  (J^  &iib/  hakdrat, 

iiL^Uii  J^  hikol  fadlhat. 
Ingot,  «•  (of  gold  or  silver),  XC,>.o  «adi- 

itf^  (pl.  c1X[Lmj  Bobdyik). 
Ingraft,  i?.  (trees,  etc.),  ^  ta-^m.   See 

Plant,  Insert,  Fix. — To  ingraft  a  piece 

of  cloth  into  a  garment,  ^j  rakka^. 
Ingraftment,  ingrafting,  ^.i^lajf  tat^im. 
Ingrafted,  ^Jtla/t  muta^^am. 
Ingratefnl,  \ij!t  j^iSc  ^adlm  al  wafd,^\j 

f^\j^^i\ndkiralihBdn.  See  Ungrateful. 
Ingratiate,  v.  (oneself),  (^.iLjCLd)  iBta^- 

taf,  JUju.)!  iBtamdl. 
Ingratitude,    Jtr^^  u)J^   nakrdn    al 

Jamil,  JuaJI  i^^j^  kujrdn  anni^matf 

^^\  ^^/^  kufrdn  anna^am,  \j^\  ^Sz 

^am  al  wafd. 
Ingredient,  ^j>-jMil,  \j>-\  qftd. 
Ingress,     ingression,     J^^-£»^J    dukhUi, 

ll:>^\jk^  muddkhalat.     See  Entrance. 

— Ingress  and  Egress,  ^^^^  J^*^ 

dukhul  Ufa  khurHj. 
Ingulf,  V.  (swallow  up  in  an  abyss),  wL 

hala^  ^-^^  ihtdla^. 
Inhabit,  v.  f^JC>^\  tBtakdm,  ^^^^  iamak- 

kan,  ^jL^  Bakan. 
Inhabitable,  j^^CuuytM^n.  SeeHabitable. 

Inhabitant,  b,  ^Li  Bdkin,  ^j^i^^s^  tnuta- 

makkin,  ^^^  muklm,  Jiof^  mtUawatin, 

^yiAu^  tntuiatptin,  jSza**.^  mtutakir. 

Inhabited,  ^^L**^  moBkiin,  jy^x^  ma&- 
mUr,  j^\£'  ^mir.  To  be  inhabited, 
^jL^\  iruakan.  [naghmat. 

Inharmonious,    ^Ujcil   >#j£    ^adam    al 

Inhere,  v.  ^»^ul  iltaham,  ajI  Idtam,  Jaer\ 
ittahad.     See  Adhere. 


INI 


(744) 


INJ 


Inherent  (inborn),  iX^  j'ahh,  ^X^^ 
oillf  (J^J  %dtl,  9yr^  mathu^,  \J^ 
iab^,  L5*:?r^  to^i^I.     See  Innate. 

Inherit,  v,  Cjr^  werei. 

Inheritance,   klj\j^^  mJrds,   klj)\   trs, 

^\jj  wardiOt,  ISji  tarkat.  See  Heri- 
tage. And  he  had  not  been  blessed  with  a 
male  child  to  inherit  the  kingdom  after  him, 
as  he  had  inherited  it  from  nis  fathers  and 
forefathers.  So  this  state  of  things  caused 
him  the  utmost  grief,  the  greatest  anxiety,  and 

the  meet  violent  vexation,  jJ^  ^jjj  J^ 


Inheritor,  C^l^  wdrtB.     See  Heir. 
Inhibit,  9.  ^^  mana^    See  Prohibit, 

Forbid,  Bestrain,  Check. 
Inhibition,  ^^  man^.   See  Prohibition, 

Embargo. 
Inhospitable,  tm^L^d^j^  ghayr  muilf. 
Inhospitably,  ii\^jJo  hi  ghayr  diydfat. 
Inhospitableness,     inhospitality,      f^Se, 

^Lioil  ^dam  addiyd/at,  ^J^f^^  /»J^ 
^am  attawflk. 

Inhuman,  Lk»^j  \i  htld  rahmat,  ^£a^  h 
hild  shafakat,  <U^y^  h  hild  marhamat, 
^luJt  L  hUd  insdniyat,  JU?  ndlim. 
See  Merciless,  Pitiless,  Cruel,  Savage. 

Inhumanity,  4jLj)t  /^Se-  ^adam  al  in- 
tdniyat,  Jd?  %ulm,  ^aamJI  /^Sz  ^adam 

oshthafakaL 
Inhumanely,  Jia  J^  hikol  stf/m. 

Inimitable,  olbj  H  Id  yutakallad. 

Inimitably,  Juliilt  wiiiu^^y  hiwajhin. 

mumtani^  attaklid,  jJ^  )  ^^  hi  wa- 
jhin  la  yutakallad. 
Iniquitous,  ^1  j^Hb  htld  ^addlat,  uJLail ) 


4!  Id  ifudf  laho,  i^^X"^  muia-^, 

JU^  Mim.     See  Unjust,  Wickei 
Iniquity,  l\\jji\  aJl£^  ^aimn  a/  ^Met, 

(^Juu  ta^addl,  Jiff  fM/m,  ^^  /kt. 

See  Injustice,  Wickedness. 
Initial,  Ji]\  awwali,  J\^\  ihiiddi.  See 

Incipient. — ^An  initial  letter,  uJ^ 

4^1jai\  harfibtiddl. 
Initiate,  v.  j£^  jt  aiMa/.   To  initiate  in 

the  rudiments  of  an  art,  Jr>^  Jl  odM, 

j\jj\  ^  J^  J^  adkhid/ll  turdr. 
Initiated,  j}^\  4  J^^*^ddkMIfilamr. 
Initiation,  j\jJi\  ^  Jli^jl  idkkal  fd 

iurdr,  ^lI^^X*  maddkhalai. 
Inject,  p.  J^jl  adkhal,  ^Jb  iarah. 
Injection  (throwing  in),  Jl^i-jt  idkhdl, 

U!\    tlkd,  ^Jb    iahr.     An  injection, 

iuto^  Atfibia^.    See  Clyster. — To  gin 
an  injection,  ^JA»-  hakan. 
Injudicious,  J^'lJ  ^Ut  mdlaho  tamnml, 
ijii^  <(!t«  mdlaho  haglrat.     See  In- 
prudent.  [See  Imprudently. 
Injudiciously,    J^^lJ  )b    &i2a   taammuL 
Injunction,  Jl^  Ati^,  ^\   asir.    See 

Command. 
Injure,  v.  jj^  J-«wft  ^amal  darar,  ^ 

tdam.    See  Hurt — An  injnrer,  J-i 

ddrrir,j\ji£'  ghadddr,  ^^  j'^J^' 
Injurious,  Jll?  %dlim,j»a^  mudir.    See 

Hurtful.— (unjust),  Jjs^  j^  ghgf 

muhik,  4^La)t  ^U  mdlaho  uudf.  See 

Contumelious. 
Injuriously,  ij0A^  JG  hikol  mvdamt, 

U\j^h  hild  ^addlat,  ^;^  J^  ^' 

ta^n. 


Injury,  ^t^  nti^an,  Ji?  sti/in, 
mos^ma^,  1  Jcxl  i^^tiJ,  v^Jju  tscfddi, 
j^J(iur,jj^  darar,  ij^9  mudarr^t^ 


noEi 


(743) 


INN 


<U  jt  Mlffat,   See  Damage,  Contamely, 

Beproftch,  Detriment,  Harm,  InjuBtioe.  We 
made  aig;ns  to  them  with  our  ftngerB,  and  said. 
We  are  ambanadori  to  the  moet  honoured 
King  of  China,  therefore  do  us  no  injury ;  but 
in  answer  thej  aaid.  We  are  not  in  hia  terri- 


toiy,  nor  under  hia  government,  U^U 


Injastice,  JlI?  stt/m,  JUttXs  ^J^  ^adam 

coddlat,  ^\  lJU.  JckOaf  al  hai. 

See  Iniquity,  Injury,  Wrong.  Were  it  not 
that  he  loveth  thee,  he  had  not  fedlen  sick  on 
thy  aooount,  and  his  soul  had  not  almost 
depurted  by  reason  of  his  loye  for  thee ;  and  all 
this  is  the  effect  of  the  oppressiye  injustioe  of 


thy  father,  ^^Lt  CS-foT  ^\  H^j 

Ink,  j^  hihr.     Bed  Ink,  yk>^\j0^' 

hihr    ahmar.      An    ink*horo,    iA^i^ 

daw&yat  (pi.  c:l?M^ J  dawdydt),  ijfSn^ 

tndhharat.    Cotton,  lint,  etc.,  pat  into 

an  ink-horn,  JlaJ  hkat.  [tion. 

Inkling.     See  Hint,  Whisper,  Intima- 

Inlaid,  ^*^  muroMa^,  \jf*^  mu^ayyan 


And  when  they  determined  to  go  out,  they 
saw  Uiere,  in  the  midst  of  that  pnlace,  a  door 
of  saj  (or  Indian  saka),  inlaid  with  iTory  and 
ebony,  and  adorned  with  plates  of  brilliant 
g^ld.  Oter  it  was  hung  a  curtain  of  silk 
worked  with  yarions  kinds  of  embroidery,  and 
upon  it  were  locks  of  silyer  to  be  opened  by 

artifice,  without  a  key,  ^Jlc  ^yj^  Uii 


Inland  (remote  ftom  the  sea),  Jt  Ji^l  J 
ddkhil  al  harr.     See  Interior.    ■ 

Inlay,  v.  w.^  ra8$a^,  JS  kaUam. 

Inlet,  J^J  dukkal,  JfLj^  maikhdl. 

See  Entry,  Passage,  Creek,  Bay. 
Inly,   (Jlf^fi)  ddkhih.     See  Internal, 

Internally.  [muitairl. 

Inmate,  a.^>-l2MMS  musidjir,  ^iz^t^ 

Inmost,  ^y^^  (J^^ol  adkhal  md  yaiUn. 

Inn,   «.   (J^yb  hoM,    ^JJl^j!  hkdnda, 

^y^  manual  (pi.  ^}j\i^  mandtU).    To 

inn,  ifdj\^^\  ^  JjJ  nhilfll  lokdnda. 

Inn-holder,  inn-keeper,  ir  jJl^jU\  uy^.^-l^ 

sdhib  al  lokdnda. 
Innate,  ^yu^  tab^,  J\j  %dti,  ^^J^ 

khalkl,  ^^\  aih,  ^J^^  jabli,  ,^^«--t 

iabi^,  J^^f^  ifia;3fl/,  uSjij^  ghair%%\. 

Innateness,  CL^tj  sd^,   ^jlJ^    tabl^at. 

Innate  ideas,    J^Jt  ^^sji\  al  ^U  al 

awwal,    ^lL>-    jablaL       An   innate 

quality,  iLi^lsL  khdmyai. 
Inner,  ,J^f(3  ddlhiU.     See  Interior. 
Innocence  (freedom  from  guilt),    ijjJ 


tdbriyat,  <Umac  ^umat,  l-^  JJt  >»Ji& 
^oiam  alnanh;  (purity),  ij\^  tahdrat^ 
i^j  %akdwai,  ^Umoa  ^mat,  ^l:>-\ 
ikhldi,  ,^^^  khtdili.  See  Purity, 
Harmlessness. 
Innocent  (not  guilty),  Atyox^  ma^m^ 

(n^jlb  hi^  %anb;  (pure),  Jblt  tdhirf 

^j  saklf  j\)  bdr,  i^ls^  khdlis.     See 

Harmless.  [naw^n  harl. 

Innocently  (not  guiltily),  <^^?^  W 

Innovate,  v.  ^Jcjt  tbtada^,  C^«x^t  ahdas. 

See  Invent. 
Innovation,    ^t^XJul  ibtidd^   C^tju^-l 
tA<^«,  jlaH  i/iai^.     See  Invention. 


rs^B 


(746) 


INS 


InnoTator,   <•    ^Ljj^s^    miMi$,    ^Jw* 

Innoxious^  innocaooB.    See  Inoocent. 

Innuendo,  $.  ij\Zi\  uhdratf  iA:S  kandifat. 

Innumerable,  JouS  Id  yu^ad.  See  In- 
finite.— ^Innumerable  as  the  ants,  ^Jl^ 
JjLfi  4]t«  (J^f  i»m/  annaml  mdlaho 
codad. 

Innumerably,  ^^llM>-  ^L«  ma/o^  Amo^. 

InoffensiyeyyidjS  Idyudwr.  See  Innocent, 
Harmless.  [regular. 

Inordinate,  fXioj  \i  hUd  nitdm.    See  Ir- 

Inquietude,  ^\^\  ^y^kLj\  %n$highdl  alh&l. 

See  Disquietude. 
Inquire,  v.  (ask  about),  j^^tJc^S  utafsar, 

j^^ss^\  utafham,  Am,.  A  idtaclam,j^J^LJ 

istakhhar;  (seek,  search  after),  immIoT 
tafoiios,  {ji*>sr*  tafahhoi,  ^Jtcj  fatiash, 
^jos^  fahoi.  See  Ask,  Seek,  Search, 
Examine. — To  inquire  after  news, 
^^«icUit  utakhhar. 

Inquirer,  m.jmJcmj^  mmtafairf  ^jttM*.:sx^ 
mutajanU,  ^jasP^  mutafahhis,  ^JSiCA^ 
mufattish,  ^mWm^  tnwtanhl,  li^ 
fattdsh.     See  Examiner,  Inquisitor. 

Inquiry,    inquisition,    lUuii^t   utifsdr, 


X 


\ 


jUsCU)i  istikhhdr,  (ja^^j  tafiUht^jcsr^ 
ta/ahhiu,  ^^MMMfisT  tajauuB,    See  Ques- 
tion, Search,  Examination. 
Inquisitive,     ^^  /m  ^cu^      mutajassis, 
^.o&Um^    mtM^o^I.      See    Inquirer, 

Curious.  [utiksd.  See  Curiosity. 

InquisitivenesB,  ^^»>,^  tajoisus,  \^»3X:^\ 

Inquisitor,  «.  ^/boi^  mufattish. 

Inrail,  v.  (surround  ^ith  rails),  J.^«x 
ci^lijiJj|^J  ^amal  dardbzundt. 

Inroad,  *^lc  ghdra.  Sec  Incursion,  In- 
vasion. 


Insane,  ^y^-^  mafniin  ^^^L  hUd  uJd. 

See  Mad. 
Insanity,  1 J^  tawdd,  ^^^jtmikn.   See 

Madness.        [SeeAvanetonSyGhcedj. 

Insatiable,  insatiate,  ^-f^l  Id  yaM4^. 

Insatiableneas,  ^^  tama^,  SeeArarice. 

Insatiably,  wl?  ^J^  hiiol  tama^. 

Inscribe,  r.  *3;  rakam,  u--c^  jbiiai.  See 
Write,  Enrol. 

Inscribed,  /^^j^  nuirhum,  JuL«  mtcitf  jr- 

ya<^,  u^y:L/9  maituh,  (^^"^  manuwk, 

jjS^  muharrar^  j^nm^    mmgtUr,     A 

table  or  monument  on  which  anything 

is  inscribed,  -.j)  lawh  (pi.  ..^jSt  oiirdA^,. 

Inscription,  i,  h}s^  hUdhatf  s^j  rasm 
(pi.  f^^j  rtuum).  The  inscription  «r 
title  of  a  book  or  letter,  ^\^  ^oittrda. 

Inscrutable,  ^mihW  w;i.^^  rnKm/oni^ 
al  taftUh,  ^^fas^\  Jj,'<Ui<.^  mtw^i/ 

Insect,  <.  ^^^U4^  AmAoto^  (pL  1.^^^.^^ 

haahardt),   JL^\jb   hdmat  (pL    ^\tS 

ahwdtn).     The  insects  of  the  earlL, 
,^'oJi\  j^\^  hawdm  al  ard,   ^:u\j^ 

ijoJi\  Juuhardt  al  ard,  [care,  Saft- . 
Insecure,  ^^^\j^  ghayr  amln.,  See  Se- 
Insecurity,  ^U:^*!  ^Ss.  ^adam  amaniyat 

Ja:>'  khatar,  ije\jir^  mukhdtarat,   Se? 
Security,  Safety,  Danger. 
Insensibility   (inability   to   perceive  cr 
feel),  ^Lbi^-lll  ^Jlc  ^adam  ai  iksur. 

(stupidity),  Jiuli  /^Sz  ^adam  a/&ci/. 
(dulness  of  corporeal  sense),  ij*j 
V]/«<S^  harHdat  al  mitdj;  (want  ci 
affection),  ^^^y  barudat,  dL^i^s^  aJl; 
^dam  tnuhahbat.     See  Sensibility. 


INS 


(747) 


INS 


Insensible  (unable  to  perceive  or  feel), 
^j»t>^  li  Md  has ;  (stapid),  *  Jic  1) 
hUd  ^aU,  ^lA^\  ahmak,  jJj  halld; 
(cold  in  constitation),  ^rl/^^  ^J^  hdrid 
al  miadj;   (witliout  affection),   m^Ja 

^S^\  ^adlm  al  muhahhat ;  (gradual), 

^  jJCL^  mutadarrif.    See  Sensible. 

Insensibly  (imperceptibly,  by  degrees), 

\af2jJj  tadrijan,  ^^JcJU  hU  tadrij; 

(without  mental  or  corporeal  sense), 

V^^ji^f^y*  mm  ghayr  hag.      See 
Stupidly,  Frigidly ;  dUo  Sensibly. 

Inseparable,  JusiJJi  J,;,<U>^^  mustahil 
al  infiidlf  ^^.aix^j^  ghayr  munfml. 
See  Separable. 
Inseparably,  JLai^l^^Jb  hi  ghayr  injUdU 
Insert,  9.  ^jJ  darraj^  J^ jl  adkhal. 


Inserted,  ^  jJli^  mundarij. 
Insertion,  JU^jf  idhhdl,  ^^^J^l  tndirdj, 
^h\  Udj\  Ihdtm. 

Inside,  ^ja^  dtmn.    The  inside,  ^b 

Insidious,  j^Ai  ghadddr.    See  Deceitful, 

Sly,  Treacherous. 
Insidiously,  iJju  hi  ghadrin,  il^  ^^^ 

btkol  hllat.     See  Deceitfully. 
Insight  (inspection),  ij^^^  hasirat,Jaj 
nazar,    J^L/*    mubashirat;    (skill). 


macrt 


cri/at,  ^ 


,ilm. 


Insignificance,  insignificancy,  ^^jl^  /^Sa 

^adam  ma^na\ 
Insignificant,  ^J^li  lb  hild  fayidat,  j^ 

JuL«  ghayr  mu/ld,  ixki^  h  hild  man- 
fa^,  ^^^Mt  L#  ^J^  thy  md  Id  ya^l. 

Insignificant  talk,  ^U«L  h  fA^  ialdm 

hild  ta^nU, 
Insignificantly,  ^^^x^  lb  hild  $na^\ 
Insincere,   jjL^^^  ghayr  iddih,  j^ 
ghayr  mukUis.     See  Sincere. 


Insincerely,  ^[La>-L  hUd  hallkat,  |jl^ 

mafdzan*     See  Deceitfully. 
Insinoerity,   JLiljusIt  /^J^  ^adam  assa- 

ddkat^  ^IL^Jt  mJx,  ^adam  al  ikMdg, 

^UjJ^'t  |*Jl£   ^adam  al  hakikat.     See 

Dissimulation ;  aho  Sincerity. 

Insinuate,  v.  jLlI  ashdr.  See  Hint, 
Suggest. — (to  introduce  gently),  J^  J 
dakhkhal,  (jmJ  das,  JLilDj  ^J^  dakh- 
khal  hi  latdfaty  iJSa^-J  dahash.  To  in- 
sinuate oneself  (into  another's  favour), 
^\a.curf\  ista^/f  ^\  fmJfjSj  takarrab 
ila\ 

Insinuation  (hint),  ij\j^\  ishdrat,  4jL^ 
kindyat;  (into  favour),  <,j\Sa<s.rfl  istie,- 
idf^  w«LJl  ^Usr^  ^Jj>n"cJ  aK  kaUkm 

.  litahsll  muhahhat  assdmic.   A  villanous 
insinuation,  Z^y^^  waswasat. 
Insinuating,  insinuative,   ^J\Vjmi.rf\  is- 

ti^idfl.      An    insinuator,   u^oUt^M..  < 

musta^if. 
Insipid,  X4JcL  A]t«  mdlaho  ta^i,  S  jJ  ^U 

mdlaho  liuat,  ^  J  dele^.     See  Taste- 
less, Dull. 
Insipidity,  if  jJJI  /»  J^  ^(k^tim  a/  litstat,  a«X£ 

iUxLII  ^od^m  «/  ia^mah.     See  Taste- 

lessness,  Dullness. 
Insipidly,  ^Ib  hild  maza^,  Iaj^j^^j^ 

min  ghayr  ta^me.     See  Dully. 
Insist,  V.  ^  laj.  [jyadaL 

Insnare,  afju^a^lb  LLCm^  mM9J&  ^7  mA«- 

Insnared,    jlk^o^  mustdd.    To  be   in- 

snared,  iiju..d4ib  \'  ^■■^'■t  immasak  hit 

masyadaU  [Unsociable. 

Insociable,  ^Ijcj)  Id  yuia^dshar.     See 

Insolence,  ^ILa  sa/dhat,  JbwUj  wakdhat, 

<^j\  ^Jifi  ^a(2afft  (Mfoi,  ^Ut  ihdnat. 

See  Contempt.    And  he  said  within  himself, 
Yeril^r,  insolence  and  calumny  occasion  (^'^ 
Btraction,  and  betray  one  into  perplexity 


INS 


(748) 


INS 


i  has  been  said.  He  who  is  insolent  suffereth 
injury,  and  he  who  is  ignorant  repenteth,  and 
he  wno  feareth  is  safe:  moderation  is  one  of 
the  qualities  of  the  noble,  and  good  manners 

are  the  noblest  gain,  ^1  i^Jj  t<^  JU^ 

u  ^^  jj  jii  cJu,Ji  4 


crv 


iUoiJu  |Juii 


■»^  ttT'J  (••*'  t-' 


I  (->\Ji\,  ^\^t\ 


Insolent,  l^j\  h  MlA  aib,jM^  muta- 

kahhir,  J^  wakeh,  i^Jui  safih. 
Insolently,  ^U^  Jio  hikol  safahat,  ^J^ 


IS^  likol  wakdhaU 
Insolvable,  insoluble  (not  to  be  solred), 
J^l  ^^^^^  mumtani^  al  Kail;  (not  to 

be  explained),  ^UJf  Jgjcu*^  miMtoAl/ 

a/  &7ydfi,  ^^mJ!  i^f^'^^ji^s.  ghayr  mum" 

kin  ashsharh.         [w»Jcj  2ci  yandafi^ 

Insolvable  (impossible  to   be  paid),  S 
Insolvent,  ^^mAa^  mujlu^jmx^  mu^tir* 
See  Bankrupt.  [niptoy. 

Insolvency,   ^Ibl    f]ff<3«.      See  Bank- 
Insomuch,    i<>>^  hatti^,   ^\  Qyj    U- 
na«^^  an,  j\jAAi\  Ij^  ^'ilasd  a/  mikddr. 
Inspect,  V.  Jl*3  JJ  (J^^;!^^  noMT  hikol 
tadklk,  U1aj[  J^ix  ^mal  yoklamdf  ]a>-i 
IdhoMM    See  Examine. 
Inspection,  Joj   noMr,    ijioj   natdrat, 
^uSj^   yoklama,   ^k>-Ls    muldhmtat, 
ijJ^\^  muhdsharat.     See  Superinten- 
dence. 
Inspector,  8.Jff\j  nd%irpjJ^\^  mtd&shir. 

See  Overseer,  Superintendent. 
Inspiration,    aI^I   f7Adm,    ^^o^j   tc^aAl; 

(breathing),  ^^^  na/a<«     Divine  in- 
spiration,   ^J\jj  |*l^f   Uhdm  rdbhdnl, 
ij\ij  ,«»-j  «?aM  rabhdnU 
Inspire,  r.  (draw  breath),  ^jJcJ  ianaf- 


/m;  (animate  by  sapemataralinfanon), 
j^\  aiham,  ^^^  waM ;  (to  breathe 
into),  ^  iki/WI. 

Inspired,  ^»|L«  mtinaifi. 

Inspirer,  «.  a^L*  fpitf/Am. 

Inspirit,  i^.  {J^j^-^  harrad,  ^J**^\  am^atk. 
See  Animate,  Encourage. 

Inspissate,  uXiirf  MmmaJt  See  Thicken, 
Coagulate. 

Inspissation,  cIC^^hT  ^MMlifc. 

Instability,  j]^^  i*A£  ^ttdam  ml  imrdr^ 
o^^Li!!  aJls  ^aiam  tmahdt.  See  In- 
constancy, Fickleness. 

Instable,  Xi  ^U  mdXoAo  kmrdr,  j^ 
(ju^U  ^Atfyr  #d^Y,  (JLJ^J  4l«  iRdi!a^ 
M&Ai.     See  Inconstant. 

Instal,  r.  L^.^«a)  imm^.  To  instal  in  an 
office  or  dignity,  ^L^  2rlket  «^<dA 
iOMlfat;  (invest  with  a  robe  of  honour), 
^lJlc  ^J>-  khala^  ^alayhi. 

Installed,  t^f^av^  manM. 

Installation,  instalment,  {^^j..>^a:»J9  smumI, 
(a  stipulated  payment),  la^aS  kist. 

Instance  (example),  Jl^  mtualf  ijy^ 
tHrat,  ij^A  ^ikratj  f^j  ratm^  ias^ 
nmkhatf  ^^^^  iamtU;  (proo^  docu- 
ment), iZ:\j\  ishdi,  JJa  duhl,  Ji^ji 
hurhdn.  See  Demonstration.  —  (en- 
treaty),   IcJcUd^   isiid^,    \s^j    n^. 

_i^  iamannl;  (importunity),  -W 

ilhdh.     See  Urgency. — For  inataiioe, 

it^  mMsalan. 

Instance,  r.  (give  as  an  example),    ias^ 

ij^fi^  a^*  tamAlf  jLt  otosmi^  Jj^^ 

]b^  awrad  matalan. 

Instant  (entreating),  i^i^^^s^  mutamanml; 

(importunate),  J»ij  ioHl;  (immediate, 

pre8ent),yil>»  hddir,  *^^y  mttMJ^ 


IKS 


(749) 


nrs 


Insbmt,  instantaneous  (without  inter- 
val), J\J\  ^filhBl;  (qoiok,  with- 

oat  delay),  ,J,\^  \i  hUd  tawdnl,  u^y  lb 
hUd  tawakkuf. 
Instant,  i.  (of  time),  iia^  lahMi,  Isf^ 

Instantly,  instantaneoasly,  at  this  in- 
stant, JU)\  ^fH  Ml,  Jrf«J|  ^ 

ala*  atia9JH.  And  instaatljr  the  youth  shook, 
and  fftooa  npon  hi»  feet,  rejoicing  in  hu  libera- 
tion, and  exclaimed,  I  testify  that  there  is  no 


deity  but  God !  ^jLkzJi\  i 

Instead,  ^^  ^ad^  ifUld  imii&I/<I^, 
ijjj  hMdaL  Instead  of  which,  L4«0  a 
^awadmd.  [kadam. 

Inatep,  <•  (upper  part  of  the  foot),  a  Jj 

Instigate,  r.  u^J^  harrad,  cJ|»»>  harrak. 
Instigation,  \^t  i^hwd,  ^^ja^  tahrid, 

ci.^  ibf ,  vl<j^  io^Hife.  The  in- 
stigations of  the  deyil,  (jtA^^  wa9wd9, 
i^yjj  woiwasat. 

Instigator,  j.  (jjjjsf*  maharrik,  i^yU 
fn«^Atrf,  fJ^jS^  muharrid. 

Instil,  JEi9  kaitar.  See  DistiL— To  in- 
stil into  the  mind,  Jx>  ^Mam.  See 
Teach,  Instruct. 

In8tillation,^^j2A7  taktlr^JiiaSs>^\  utiktdr. 
See  Distillation. — Instillation  into  the 
mind,  JtJju  ta^lm.   See  Instruction. 

Instinct,    <J^^«»-  i)Ac    ^kl   haywdnJ, 

^Ja!1  J^  mall  attab^,  ^y%  fni%dj\ 

^aU.  khtdkat. 
Instinctive,  instinctiTely,  (J-iji^  LT^ 

Jf^l  JijJI  ^ai0'  tarlk  al  ^M  al 

^offwdnlf  ,<«f^  tab^. 
Institute,  v.  (establish),   i^^a)  nasah, 


Joj  nmam.     See  Constitute. — (to  in- 

struct),  Jx  ^lam. 

Institute,  institution,  «.  (establishment), 
Cj.^  nosh,  ^j  wad^,  ^^j^  ta^ln ; 

(precept,  maxim,  regulation),  ifjU 
^ddatf  (^y^  ibAnfln  (pi.  y^j^^^^  kawd* 
ftln),  ^^  tarikat,  if  JlcU  kd^uUU,  JLL* 
ftmna^,  Jtrt^  «a5l/,'  (education),  X*j^ 
tarhiffat,  c-^jli  ^d(ft3,  ^^Jju  to^/fnt. 

Institutor,  ^y  ^t  t^l^  tc^de^t^  0/  tdnfZn. 
See  Instructor. 

Instruct,  V.  Jx  ^oSam. 

Instructor,  ».  Jjut  mtuattm* 

Instruction,  LjJj  tarhiyat,  ^^Amj  iaJlm, 

c^jI;   tddih,    wa7   ta/hlm.       See 
Mandate. 
InstructiTe,  ^^^JliC  to^/iml. 

Instrument,  «•  (tool),  £JT  d/a^  (pi.  d^KT 
dldt).  Warlike  instrument,  <-^j^  ^T 
dlai  harh  The  string  of  a  musical 
instrument,  cj^  «Aird^.  An  instru- 
ment or  written  contract,  iUli  kdbdlat, 

dimi  ianad,  v.*  ^-  -f"  tamoMuk.  An 
instrument  (agent),  J^^f(7aj^7/;  J^U 
cdmt?;  (the  cause  or  mean  of  any- 
thing), i^^^^^yt  tnnjtb,  t^'^f^  sabab, 
fcj^-jb  bddl,  JfiUya^f/. 
Instrumental   (causing),   ^Jxli  /d&tTt; 

(helpful,  aiding),  ^j^j^  mu^n,  u.ixA«u« 

Instrumentality,  instrumentalness   (the 

agency  in  causing),  iAAi  fd^iyat, 
Instrumentally,  ^Uxli  f^   bi  kUwatin 

fd^iyai. 
Insufferable,  f^AS>s^j^ghayrmuhiainalf 

J.^4iar)  Id  yuhtamal.  See  Intolerable, 

Detestable. 
Insufficiency,  iAiilS  ^Jx  ^oiam  aikafd^ 


INT 


(750) 


INT 


yat,  iij\yili\  ^Jl£  ^dam  al  mwoafahit, 

Insufficient,  ^^  ^^  ghayr  idft,  jaL 

JjlS  ghayr  kdhtl,  ^Jj^j^  yhayr  Idyek, 

See  Inadequate. 
Insufficiently,  iAi^  h  hUd  kafdyaL 
Insular,  fj^ji}j>-  josLdyrl. 
Insulated,  ^\s^  muhdi.  See  Surrounded. 
Insult,  a:il2»  shatm,  \j:j\  ifiird,     \j^ala\ 

Insult,  V.  jpJ^  shaiam,  ^L£  t^J^^  ifiara 
Insulter,  «.  /•u^  thaitdm. 
Insultingly,  \jii\  Jjj  hikol  iftird. 
Insuperable,  insurmountable,  ^J^  ^y^  ^ 

Id  ya/ukaho  shy.     See  Invincible. 
Insupportable,  ^^A^^o^i  Id  yutahammal. 

See  Intolerable. 
Insure,  r.  ^y^  aawghar,  i\jjS.^  ^}a£, 

^atnal  stkurtd.    See  Ensure. 
Insurgent,  «.  ^x^lc  ^a«f,  ^\j  Idghl, 

Insurrection,  ^uii  Jitn<U,   See  Eebellion, 

Sedition. 
Integer,  integral,   ».  ^^s^  JAc    r^adad 


cr 


Mklh.     See  IVhole.  [Entire. 

Integral,  ^f^^^  sahih,  ^^\^  kiatniL   See 
Integrity,  ^jo^^  khulus,    Ji^  saldh, 

i^\£s^\  istikdmat,  ^M  ktdliyat.     See 

Sincerity,  Honesty,  Purity. 
Integument,  i^ld  ghildf.    See  Cover, 

Envelope,  Shell,  Husk. 
Intellect,   Ji^    ^kl^    ^  fahm,  JLt^ 

fard$ati  CS^jS\  tdrdk,  wl?  tah^.  See 
Understanding. 

Intellectual,  intellective  (having  the 
power  of  understanding),  o^  Ju«  iy  ^  j 
sfl  ibzi^tf^  mudrikat;  (relating  to  the 
understanding),  ^jLLe.  ^Mh  See 
Ideal,  Mental. 

TntAlliffence  (information,  news),    «i^ 


khabar,  ^llLl  tUild^ ;  (anderstaiidlng;, 
Jif    ^akl,   *f5  /oAm,  il^jtA   idrdk. 

To   give    intelligence,  ^^   jiAattar. 

Intelligencer,^^Isr^  mtfiAa^^w". 

Intelligent  (knowing),  Jile  ^aH^  Jl^ 
^a/im,  iJ[;Ui  ^dn/,  |»^  /oAlm,  u-^ 
labih.  See  Skilful,  Learned,  Wise.— 
To  be  intelligent,  ^  fehem.  To  ten- 
der  intelligent,  *|3  c,.'^f»-tg  4L«^  ^• 

malaho  tdhtbfahm.  An  intelligent  man, 
XmjUj  v_  ^-^l->»  sdhib  fardsaU  Intelli- 
gent men,  ^  c^ls^l  iuhdh  /akm, 
ij^^  K^\sf^\  athdh  hoHrai,  U^  &k* 
ra/d,  l£&  aikald,  [munMn  alfahm. 
Intelligible,  M»i  yun/ahim,  ^\  ^^^Cw^ 

Intelligibleness,  intelligibility,  ^liL«t 
^  \  imkdn  Ml/ahm,  ^^A*^  ma^jMiy^, 

Intelligibly,  J^iit^  ^^  hiwqflkmw^c 
kikl,  1*^^  ^y  hi  wajhin  WMfJiMm, 
See  Clearly,  Plainly,  Distinctly. 

Intemperance,  intemperateness,  mX^ 
^ysjss!i\  ^adamalutiddl,  SeeExoen. 

Intemperate,  ^^Six^ j^  ghayr  mu^UM, 
(JUma3  nifadnJ. 

Intemperately,  J\  jcl£^  )b  hUa  i^iddl. 

Intend,  v.  ajC-  ^osam,  Ju^  kautd.  See  De- 
sign ;  also  Eegard,  Attend  to,  Enforce. 

Intendant,  #.  ^^^\  amln,    i^U    )ids«r, 

wakil,  jy^^  mSimiir,     An  intendant 
general,  ^jJia^  JJ^  iMJti/  muilaL 
Intense,  Jo  4X1^  shadld,  ^j^  kau^,  j^Jac 

^aslm,j3\j  iDdfir.  An  intense  loot 
^U^\  m^dft.     See  Yehement. 

Intensely,  if  Jc!i  4^  hikol  shidd^  iAi 
ghdyat,i^\kjhighdyai.  SecExceesiTdj. 

Intenseness,  HJJL  thiddat. 

Intension,  IlwiJ  hasL 


INT 


(751) 


INT 


Intenty   adj,    J^^l^   nuuhghul,    JuLt 

mukapyad,  ^c^L»  ad^U     See  Diligent. 

— To  be  intent,  JamJI  inBhaghal^ 
Intent,  intention,  ^^  ^osm,  ifjUl  tnl- 

datf  t}\j^  murdd,  XaS  kasd,  J^oLt 
maksUd,  Lj  niyat,  {jo^  ffharad,  ^jua 

sa^.     See  Deidgn,  Purpose. 
Intentional,  ^^j^aS  kasdl.  See  Designed. 
Intentionally,   Ai^  3«  katdin,  jLi>-Ij 

3«  iihtiydrin,  \t\As.  tamdan. 

Intently,  ^Jif5>-j^4X5j-  <JG    hikol  jaddin 

wqfahdtn.     See  Diligently. 
Intentness,  JuAj  takayyud,  AASJb\  ihti' 

mdUf  JjLI  shaffhl,    ^V*^  ^t^*      ^^® 

Diligence,  Intention,  Stndy. 
Inter,  v.  ^^i  J  efo/bn.     See  Bury. 
Intercalary,  <Lig^  kabUaL      See  Em- 

bolismal. 
Intercede,    r.    (mediate    between   two 

parties),  ^a^uJ  tcuhaffa^  kly  tawas' 

mL  An  interceder,  intercessor,  «.«a^ 
«Aa/t^.     See  Mediator. 
Intercept,  v,  (stop  or  seize  by  the  way), 
V»-ir  iii&a^,  v^^^  ^^  ra5a^  attarU; 
(prevent),  w:^  mana^ 

Interception,  ^Jw«  man^^  haj%. 

Intercepted,  c^kLt  maktu^,  J^Jum.^ 
ntasdad,  ^y^^^  m0mnfl^. 

Intercession,  ia..jy  tawassat,  Zf  iLl  «A^ 
fdcat,  Ip-j  ro/S.  See  Mediation,  De- 
precation.— To  beg  the  intercession  (of 
another),  g^Bm%i>«il  istashfa^  To  admit 
the  intercession  of  one  for  another, 
^LcUJ*  JmS  kehel  sha/d^at 

Interchain,  v.jisfTj  tanjar.     See  Chain. 

Interchange,  XJjL^  mutddaHat^  Lai^Jt^ 
mucdwadatm  See  Change,  Exchange, 
Commerce. 


Interchange,  v.  Job  ^dio/.  See  Change, 
Exchange. 

Interchangeable  (capable  of  being  inter- 
changed), JjuJ^  ^^jJ^^A^  mumkin  al 
badal,  iLljL*!!  ^^  Idytkalmuhddalatj 
l^jiMi^  ^2;C«Mt  mumkin  al  mu^toadat, 

f^j^\fjj^  kdhtlaiiah^l,  SeeChange- 

able.  Unchangeable. 
Interchangeably,  dJ  jL^lb  hil  mvhddalat. 
Interchanged,    JjL^  muhddal,  fjoyt^ 

mu^wwad.   See  Changed,  Exchanged, 

Intercoarse,  ^Uff.*^  sukbat,  iSLc  ^aldkat, 
il/t\jL^  mu^dmalat^l^^^  L^^  mtudhabat, 
\9h^\  ikhtildi,  C^l/^l  uhtirdk.  See 
Communication,  Commerce.—  To  carry 
on  an  amicable  intercourse,  ^^.^i.^i 
JlL«Ia4]1  ahsan  at  mu^dmalat. 
Intercurrent,  )a^ji^  midawasaiL 
Interdict,  r.  wi/«  numa^,  aj^  haram^ 

_^  naha\     See  Forbid,  Prohibit. 

Interdict,  interdiction,  «•  ^:^  man^, 
j-^  nflAl,  Mijs^tahf^m,  f\;^^  thrdm* 
See  Prohibition. 

Interdicted,  ^^j^^  mahmm,  9  ^2^-4^ 
mamnU^,  (^]j»-  hardm. 

Interdictory,  ^^  mdni^  i^^^^  mantl. 

Interest,  v.  (to  render  necessary  or 
important),  Aji^  >f«  <0l«^  ^amalaho 
tnuhim  toa  Idzim,  See  Concern. — (to 
give  a  participation),  X.^^-  a]  J,<4X 
^amal  laho  hissat;  (to  affect,  move  the 

passions),  ^^^i^^-  hannan,  l^^^j  ro^A- 
^^3,  ^aamJI  ^  ^y^  harrak  fiki 
ashshafakat  To  interest  oneself  (in 
anything),      J  J^^JJ    taddkhal  /I, 

Interest  (advantage),  idAifdyidat,  ^&} 
fui/^^,    <>».>i(i>X>#    makaah.     See    Gain. 


INT 


(752) 


IKT 


Profit,  Good.— (participation),  d/J/^^ 
uhtirdk,  iiaj>-  husai.  See  Share.— 
(concern),  <lile  ^aldkat,  {jOjC  gharoA. 
Interest  of  money,  \}j  rihd,  ^j  rabh 

and  ribh.  Unlawfnl  interest,  c-^*i»C>^ 
A\j^-mahdb  hardm.  See  Usury. — 
To  lend  npon  interest,  if JjUIU  ^^J 
dayyan  hUfdyidat, 

Interested  (concerned,  participating), 
^^SijJ^  Bharik\  (moved),  c-^^kj^ 
mudtarih ;  (self-interested),  u^j-^ 
muyhrid,  ^^  c-^-^^ltf  ^dhib  gharad. 

Interfere,  v.  (dash  with),  ^j<a  ^drad, 
M^\j  tdham,  ^U  mdna^,  LiJJU- 
khdlaf.  See  Oppose.  Also  to  Inter- 
meddle, Interpose.  [j^^  wasat 

Interfluent  (flowing  between),  k.»^  t/;^• 

Interfused  (poured  between),  L^if^m^ 
kirfj  maskah  wasat  \wai8fU, 

Inteijacency  (lying  between),  L-y  to- 

Inteijacent,  \i^j^  mutawassit,  9^y 
^^\  J  mawdn^/tl  wasaL  See  In- 
tervening. 

Inteijection,  #.  ^j>'  ^^f'  ^^  inter- 
jection of  calling,  ^  JJ  i^j^  harfnidd. 

Interim,  ^^;-^  hln,  is^  muddat,  ^ 
{j:^^\\:i\fl  asnd  dwaU,x^\  iJJb  ,S 
fi  ha%eh  al  muddat.     See  Meantime. 

Interior,  ^b  hdtin.  Interior  and  ex- 
terior, JbUjj  j^b  hdtin  wa  zdhir.  The 
interior  part  of  anything,  ^Jiff\)  hdtin, 
f^\o  ddkkiL  [mingle. 

Interlace,  i;.  CXL^  ahdbhak.    See  Inter- 

Interlard  (mix  meat  with  lard),  ^^^ 
jiy^  (>^^  wada^shahm  khans^lr,  Jal^* 
hhalat.  See  Intermix,  Interpose, 
Diversify. 

Interiine,    r.    j^lxJ^  ^^ 
wMsa^  wakafah  hln  assutHr. 


>j  J--J 


Interlocution,  L^\L^  nwk&lamat,  JSJ 
iakMum.  See  Dialogue. — ^An  Inter- 
locutor, aI^cl^  muiakaUim. 

Interlocutory,  ,^^  takaUuml. 

Interlude,  «.  l^  U^.    See  Play. 

Interlunar,  jJ^\  J^  i^y^:^  mMtih 
ItkuliU  al  kmnar. 

Intermeddle,  v.  J^\jj  taddkM.  An 
intenneddler,  busybody,  ^^fitd^, 
XJill^^  katdr  alghalabat. 

Intermediacy,  ^^^-J  iaw  J  tawasstii  bmfn. 
See  Interposition,  Intervention. 

Intermedial,  intermediate,  )a0^j^  wnUa- 
wassit. 

Intermediately,  la-yS\  ^  fll  wohA. 

Interment,  ^j^iJ  dafn.     See  Burial. 

Intermingle,  v.  intermix,  la)^  khaUi. 
See  Mix,  Mingle,  Incorporate. 

Intermission,  ^^^^  khtdiia,  t^Myt  is- 
wakkuf.  See  Cessation,  Pause. — The 
intermission  of  the  pulse,  i^  fatrsL 
Without  intermission,  c^yli  Wa 
tawakkaf,  jUjb\  L  hUd  ihmdl,  ^^f^ 
mutawdll,  JLw)l\  ^  ^ate'  a^  •«««/, 
J\cll    1&  ^ala*  attawdU. 

Intermit,  r.  uiSy  tawakkaf,  ^}AJb^  akmal, 
jijfatar,  ^JaAj\  mibto^. 

Intermitting,  intermittent,  intermissivp, 
^^  j.lj^  T  ^Q'-^  ij\j  tdratan yankati^ 
wa  tdratan  yathar.  An  intermittiBg 
fever,  ^j^^  l^*"^"  humma^  dawriyoL 

M 

Intermix,  v.  loU-  iiki/ai.  See  Inter- 
mingle. 

Internal,  .J^\}  hdtin.  See  Interior;  ^ 
Intrinsic,  Heal. 

Internally,  \:^\)hdtinan,  t:> 

Internuncio,  jJt^  ,  g^\  slehJ 
saflr  (pU  ]^  su/ard). 


INT 


(753) 


INT 


[nterpose,  v.  la^^b  wij  wada^  hilwasat; 
(mediate  between  parties),  U^i  ]a»^y 
^^  tawauat  Jiyamd  hin.  See  In- 
terrupt. 

[nterpoaition,  interposal,  l^aJ^^  wdsttat, 
Ix^y  tawasmt.  See  Mediationi  Inter- 
Tention. 

[nterpreti  v.  ^y  tarjam,  ^Ju  iharah. 

See  Translate^  Explain,  Decipher,  Ex- 
pound. 

[nterpretable,  ^U^  jjl  ^jL*^  mumkin 
attarjamatf  ^ry^irJi  ^«^L«b^  mumkin  at- 
iafslr. 

Interpreted,  ^j^  mutarfam,  ^^/^ 
mashrHh.    See  Explained. 

Interpretation,  ^^^^i  tarfamat,  j^^ 
ta^lr,  ^jL  BJiorhf  ^Li  hay  an,  (J^^lj^ 
tdwll,  j^smSu  tafnr.  See  Explanation, 
Translation.  —  The  interpretation  of 
dreams,  c;1«1;jJ1^;mmAj  taftlr  al  ma- 
natndt  A  book  teaching  the  inter- 
pretation of  dreams,  ..jMi.qJ c^Lx^ 
4JL^\^\uA^\  kitdh  tafilr  al  mandmdL 

nterpreter,  t.  mP^j^^  mutarjim,  ^J^^Ji 

tarfamdn,  j^^Jl^  mufasiir.  An  inter- 
preter of  dreams,  d^Uli^l^Mii^  mu- 
fasBir  al  mandmdt.  An  interpreter  of 
the  Mahometan  law,  ^As^  mufti, 
aterregnum,  interreign,  «.  ij:J  fatraL 
iterrogate,  i^.  JLi  sdlfj**jQ^\  utafoar, 
M^so,^\  uta/ham,j^>ss:La\  utakhhar,  saJu 

ta/akkad.  See  Examine,  Ask,  In- 
quire, Question. 

iterrogated,  J^m^  moiiil.  An  inter- 
rogation^ interrogatory,  \*uXi^\  istif- 
idr,  /^\^sc^\  iiiiflUim,  a\^xlJ  liaii 
la/zat  fsti/kdm,  J|^  HLdL  A  nega- 
tive interrogation, ^^^ICl  /^\^ic^\  iiiif- 
ham  inkdri. 


Interrogative,  interrogatory,  ^^l|iLj^ 
uti/hdmU  An  interrogatory  pronoun, 
l^l^AXydl  cJ^  har/uti/Mm, 

Interrogatively,  L^l  f  fl,:'>->«il  utifhdman, 

^LsruJl  (JiJ^.  hiiarik  al  Utikhldr, 
Interrogator,  «.  J^L>  «(3'f/,  Afftiu^  m««- 

tafhim,  jJ^M*^  mwtakhhr. 
Interrupt,   i;.   (the  speech  of  another), 
jJi\  /n^  ^bj  kata^  kaldm  al  ghayr. 
To  interrupt  (business),  Jam*!\  «Ja3 

kata^  ashshughl.   See  Break  off,  Divide, 
Separate,  Intermit. 
Interrupted,  cjisLtmaktu^.  See  Broken. 

Interruptedly,  cILajIj  hinkttd^. 

Interrupter,  i.  A^\  ^li  kdti^al  kaldm, 

^Ij/t  mtadhim,  ^^JdC^/^  muta^drid. 

Interruption  (of  speech),    jJi^\  cILaJI 

inkiid^  al  kaldm ;  (in  business),  ^yu 

ta^rrud.      See   Breach,    Hindrance, 

Opposition,  Obstruction.  [annasf. 

Intersect,  v.  i^jLaJI  ^  wki  kata^  min 

Intersected,  t— b^^-JI  ^  l^"^^  maktu^ 

mtn  annasf. 
Intersection,  «.  vJ^Ujf  takdtu^ 

Intersperse,  v.  LLw.  khallat. 
Interspersed,  t^Ls^  makMuL 

Interspersion,  Dlc^  i&Ao/^. 

Intertwine,  i^.  ^Ai  dafar.       [Entwined. 

Intertwined,^i^iJ^  mai^/lSr.  See  Twisted, 

Interval,  Ul  asnd,  ijLu/«  mcudfat  (pi. 

CL^IjLaii.^  miMo/a^),  ^^   ^ay».     See 

Space,  Distance,  Division.  [pose. 

Intervene,  v,  \s^p  tawassat.   See  Inter- 

Intervenient  (placed  or  passing  between), 

^  U  md  hayn. 

Intervention,  hLy  tawaaut,  .  See  Me- 
diation, Intercession,  Agency.— (acci* 
dent),  huS^  wdki^L 

48 


INT 


(754) 


INT 


Interview, «.  SUIU  mtdahat,  dl^\^  wtf- 
wasahty  UJ^  iltikdy  ^-1?  taldkl.    See 

Meeting.  0  thou  whose  heart  is  in  love  with 
onr  beauty,  have  patience  in  thy  love,  and 
perhaps  thou  wilt  obtain  us.  When  we  knew 
that  thy  affection  was  sincere,  and  the  passion 
that  had  prevailed  in  our  heart  had  afflicted 
thine,  we  would  have  granted  thee  a  double 
interview;   but  the  interview  was  prevented 

by  our  chamberlains,  ^uii  ^y  ^  4 


*lijLK**".  And  she  was  enraptured 
with  him,  and  was  affected  by  violent  love; 
so  she  said  to  the  old  woman,  1  know  not  how 
to  obtain  an  interview  with  this  young  man 

but  through  thy  means,  L^-lx  c-Jxi 


hayyakfjLp  dafar. 


iiU. 


Interweave,  v. 

See  Intertwine. 
Intestate  (dying  without  a  will),  ^  ^ 

l^S  l3j^  mm  ghayr  toarakat  %umat,  U 

i^,  Jas>  ma  ^mal  wwiyaU 

Intestinal  (belonging  to  the  guts),  ^^f^ 

ma^i» 
Intestine,  s.  ^j^  ma^a\  \m  ma^.  The 

intestines,  ^^jiaymasdrln,  U^\  am^d. 
Intestine  (domestic,  not  foreign),  ^J^^*^ 

M 

ddkhin.  Intestine  war,  ,^^b  <-^ 
harh  ddkhUl.  [Enslave,  Shackle. 

Inthrall,  enthrall,  SmJ  ista^ad.    See 

Inthralment,  jUjc-*^  isti^dd.  . 

Intimacy,  ij>-L»/t  muBdhahat,  iuJ^^ 
muwdnoiat,  )ffLs^^^  tkhtUdt,  ikb;. 
khultat.     See  Familiarity. 

Intimate,    v.^^o-Uvi   mwdhib,  ^\y 


muwdnis,  \j^y  muwannu^ 

mutaalif.     See  Familiar, 
Intimate,  v^\£jL  ^J^  ^arrafaho  «Aar^. 

See  Mention,  Hint,  Inform. 
Intimation,  ij^\  uMrat,  iU^  i«i«fijf*«- 

See  Hint,  Information. 
Intimidate,   i^.    uJ^sS-   khawwaf.     See 

Frighten,  Terrify. 
I^to,  ^  /f .    See  In. 
Intolerable,  S^J  ^  yuiahammd.j^ 

Intolerably,  J^^^t^  W#mwcW  fa" 
yutahammal,  Jas^  ^sry.  ^  ^J^ 

Id  yuhtamal. 
Intolerant,  jlsl«^^^tfyrmi«f«A<Mwt7. 

Intoxicate,  ». ^C-:  tdkar. 

Intoxicated,  ^J^  iakrdn.   See  BnmL 

To  be  intoxicated,^^  w^. 
Intoxicating,^/Luy^  wu#*»r,  Whkeomj 
liquor  which  intoxicates,^^Cuy^  mutbr. 
Intoxication,^- «ttJtr.  See  Drankennese. 
To  return  to  one's  senses  after  intoxi- 
cation, ^XJ\  ^J^  ^jsr^  Mh^  »»w»  «»«^ 
Intrench,  v.  (fortify  with  a  trench),  J^ 
tttijjc^  carnal  matdrU.     See  Trendi, 
Invade,  Encroach. 
Intrenchment,  «.  (^^^  matdrU. 
Intrepid,^^*u5j-><Mur,  tl^Uyo/il.    S« 

Brave,  Bold,  Courageous. 
Intrepidity,  jjiiaJ  hatsh,  ijlms>rJ^»^^ 

See  Courage,  Bravery. 
Intrepidly,  ijUurj-  JCj  btkolja$SrgL  See 

Courageously. 

Intricacy,  intricateness,  ialfiw  M«ft,  J-> 

AAaH  Jlb^^  •H^Oa^  J.-£«7  UM 

See  Perplexity,  Confusion,  Difficuhr- 

Intricate,  jam  mu^akkad,  Ui*r-»  .i*:^ 

taliif  Jixi^  muta^asiir.   See  Diifec^ 

Intrinsic  (real,  internal),    X2»-  A«^ 


INV 


(755) 


IlfV 


Intrinsical,  ij,\j  tdti,  ^X^\  Oilii 

Intrinsically,  d^l  JiU  biudt,  il\Ji\)  hil 

asdlat,  iAM^\  ^  fil  haklhU. 

Introdaoe,  v,  (to  a  place),  J^  j\  adkhal, 

Introdacedy  J^X«  tnudakhkhal.  An  in- 

trodncer,  J^iV«  mudakhkhH, 
Introduction,  (JU>^j\  ulkhdl,  J^t3  du" 

khal;  (to  a  l)ook),  i>-  Ij  J  dlhdjat,  Jbirli 

fatihah,  [mtii  ghayr  ijdtat. 

Intrude,  v.  ij\p^\y^  ^^  ^J^^J  dakkal 

Intrust,  entrust,  v.  c  J^  wadac,  ^Jislc^ 
£L«f  a^ata  amdnat. 

Intuition,  ^J^^^  ij  ^  v  J  Xi^  ma^fat 
binazrat  al  awla\  /%l^l  ilkdm. 

Intuitive,  ^^^\  ^J^,  ^  iu»rtf^  ai  atffla\ 

Intnitif  ely,  J^)l  ija:i\  ^  min  amruarat 
al  avoid!. 

Invade,  v,  ^s^  hajcm.  See  Attack,  In- 
fest, Assault. — To  invade  a  country, 
J>a J^t  ^Juu  ta^adda'  al  hudad. 

Invalid  (of  no  force  or  advantage),  4]  L« 

i3  md  laho  kuwat,  ^tJ^cli  ^t«  md  laho 

/a^iyaty   J^b    Idtil,    Jllu    hattdl; 

(weak,   sick),    ^LnJJ   da^f,   ^joij^ 

marid.   An  invalid,  J^!^«^  ma^uL 

fn  validate,  v.  jL;  3a/to/,   ^****  fasahh. 

See  Weaken. 

fn  validity,  ify  aAa  ^a(^i9t  kuwat  ^  ^«Xc 
5ju[U  ^adam  fdyidatf  i^  faskh^  ^;)llaj 
hutldn. 

rnvaluable,  X^^j  a!1«  tndlaho  kimat, 

n variable,  y-is^^  ^Aayr  mutaghayyer. 

See  Constant.  [See  Constancy. 

n  variableness,  j^«7  >»  Jic  ^a^^ofn  taghayyur, 

TL'^ariMjf  jJu  ji^  ^J^  min  ghayr  te- 
ffhayyur.    See  Constantly. 


Invasion,  21^^  hamlatt   (^y^  hu^'Um. 

A  nocturnal  invasicHi,  ^lu^  ^M. 
Invective,  ««  <U»a  aabhe^  aS^  aAa/m.    See 

Censure.  [Abuse,  Censure, 

Inveigh,  v.  ^^.^u)  sab^  ^^  thatam.    See 

Inveigber^ «.  ^l^  shdtim. 

Inveigle,  r.  v/^'  aghawa\  ji  gharr. 
See  Allure,  Entice,  Seduce. 

Invent,  v.  (find  out),  9/^^  ikhtara-^ 
k^^SrJ\  ahdaa,  &  Jj\  abda^  See  Dis- 
cover, Forge,  Falsify. 

Invented,.  9^^^  mukhtara^. 

Invention,  Cjf«X>.\  ihddt,  Asfr\  Ijdd, 
^/^\  ikhtird^,  c^jjI  ibdd^.  See 
Fiction,  Foigery,  Discovery. 

Inventive,  ^<^«V  bt^^l,  ^Ju^  mubdt^. 

Inventor, «.  &  Ju^  m«5Jt^,  c  y^^^  mu^A- 
fari^,  (.±.9  J^sr*  muhdu,  ^  Jcu^  mubtadi^ 
See  Forger. 

Inventory,  «.  i^jlS  kdymat.     See  List. 

Inverse,  inverted,  ^^m-CaJw*  mttncaibif, 
(jM^jL^  ma^kUi,    i,,  »l  S;  ^   munkalib, 

k,,  Ji*^  mutakaUab,  l^^jL^  maklilb. 
See  Contrary. — To  be  inverted,  jj*Jju1 
incakaSf  f^Akj\  inkalab. 

Inversion,  ^jyJlc  ca^,  ^^Uoul  tn^ikds, 
K^\jStr\  inhirdf,  c^lfljl  inkUdb, 

Invert,  ir.  i„JS  i^oM. 

Inverted,  c^^liU  maJdub.    See  Inverse. 

Invertedly,  inversely,  ^j-XJb  bil^aks. 

Inverting,  jMir^.  i^li  j^/tj^. 

Invest,  t;.  (in  an  office),  ^^^^^  $amma\ 

To  invest  with  possession,  uJ;^_kc\ 

aM  tasarruf,  ,^  taanah.    See  Give, 

Qrant. — To  invest  with  a  robe  of  hon- 
our,   Jl£  ^IfiL  khala^  ^ala\  dxirv.  2rlkc\ 

5^  Li  a^^sA  khal^ah  fdkhirah.  See 
Dress,   Adorn,   Decorate. — To  invest 


mY 


(756) 


INU 


(snrronnd),  \»\>-\  ahat,  ^W  hStar. 
See  Besiege,  Smround. 

InTeetigable,  ^/o^^  yunfdhu. 

Investigate,  v.  lL^^  hahas,  ^Jicj/aHoik, 

-  **  *     • 


i)\  ibtahoi.  See  ExamineyEnquire, 
Search.  And  he  said.  Draw  near  to  him  and 
investifate  his  case ;  perhaps  he  will  discoTer 
it,  and  perhaps  thou  wilt  learn  his  history, 


••  XT 


Investigation,    ^y^rJj    taftuhf 

ta/ahhus,  ^[^\  ifUh&i.    See  Exami- 
nation, Inqoiry,  Search. 
Investiture  (in  office),  u,  ^.jinvT  tanM, 

JuLrJ  iakhd;  (in  posseseian),  tm^j^oj 

iasarruf;  (with  robes  of  honour),  ^Uls^ 

Investment  See  Dress,  Garment;  Gax]go. 
Inveteracy  (oldness),  i^^^ssxit  shayihtL- 

kkat;    (obstinacy),  j\j^\  iirdr,   jlie 

^ndd. 
Inveterate  (old),  a^Jj  ibJim;  (obstinate), 

Juxc  ^anid,  j^^  nuuir. 
Invidious,  Jy^^  ku&d,  ^/aiu^  nmbghid. 

See  Envions,  Maligoant,  Hateful. 
Ividiously,  i^Sc^yL  hikol  ^addwat,  JG 

Judyjv-  ^tfo/  AmaI.  [Malignity. 

Invidiousness,  AM>fw  ^laai^.    See  Envy, 
Invigorate,    r.    4/^    Jmw%m\       See 

Strengthen,  Animate. 

Invigorating,  in^'.  \J^  mukawwh 
Invigoration,  ^^  takwiyai. 
Inyincible,  l^^jl^j^  ghayr  mttghl^h. 
Inviolable,  i^iAiJI  ^sj^^  mumtanU  an- 
nakd,  ;^\  J^^oL^  nmtiahU  al/askh. 
Inviolably,  ^^^  f^  ^  min  ghayr  %akd. 
Inviolate,  ^jaxx\^j^  ghayr  muntakid. 
Invisibility,  t-,  ^,»ii\  al  ghayh. 


Invisible,  c-^U  ghayib,  ^^^/s^  ««W- 
ia/l.  The  invisible  world  (the  wM 
to  oome),  Cy  ^»ff\\  JU  ^dlam  al  gkfh. 

To  be  or  become  invisible,  <--^^  f^^ 
Invisible  things,  ^JL^J\ii^  dL  gha^^ 

Invisibly,  \^{c  gkdyhan. 

Invitation,  i^fiJ  d^^wat,  \£*ys^\  MiU, 
v^Jit  talab.  An  invitation  to  so  es- 
tertainment,  A^jjc  ^osIjvmU. 

Invite,  «.  (ask  to  any  place),  ^Je,  ^fim. 

See  Ask,  Call,  Bid.^-To  invite  to  nup- 
tials, f^ff^  a)c>  ^axam  JH^in.  To  in- 
vite to  an  entertainment,  ^Jc^  ^ofls- 
To  invite  to  sapper,  \m.n\\  ^Jc  cM 
in  ^hd. 

Inviter,  ^\*i  ^f}f  (^j^  ^dsim. 

Inviting,  adj\  l^j\s^  jdub. 

Invitingly,  ^  jls*-  ^J^  htkol jduhiifit. 

Inundation,  J^  sayL  See  Deluge,  Y\ool^ 

Invocation,    Uj    da^d,    if^cJ    dat.vs', 

i\pr\^  nmndjdt. 

Invoice,  Sj^\ifdUiira  (Italian). 

Invoke,  v.  (^\k:m»\  uiaghdi,  leJ  JaJ 
To  invoke  the  name  of  Qod  when  be- 
ginning anything,  ^\  ^^  l<^^^  "** 
ma'  hism  allah.    See  Call,  Implore. 

Involve,  V.  (inwrap,  intwist),  Vi^  ^^ 
laj^  kharbat,    cJ^  kharda^.    ^ 
Complicate,  Blend,  Entangle,  Confux 
— (to  imply,  comprise),  ,J^J-^ 
iihtamal  t.ala\ 

Involved,  t^^iL*  malfvLf,  i— fcj^  wtnlt  '■ 
See  Confused,  Dark,  Obscure. 

Involuntary,  JudSL  hild  kasd,j\^'^ 
Hid  ikhtiydr.  iMd  iU/9^ 

Involuntarily,  Uj^  htld  ridd^j\^'^ 

Involution,  ki^^  khalL 

Inutility,  if Jjli  ^J^  ^adamfiyidd. 


t« 


IBB 


(757) 


IBB 


Invulnerable,   rj^^ 


mumiani 


t 


aljarh,  ^^/-scu  j  Id  yunjarih. 

Inward,  ^\i  latin.    See  Interior,  In- 
timate.— ^Inward,  inwards,  inwardly, 
Jr^b  ddkhU. 
Inweave,  v.     See  Interweave. 
Inwrap,  enwrap,  v.  i^^  laf.     See  In- 
volve, Wrap,  [twine,  "Wreathe. 
Inwreathe,  enwreathe,  v.     See  Inter- 
Irascible,  (--Jyii  gihadahf  ^^^V*^  ghad- 

hdn.    See  Angry. 

Iron,  JjJk>-  hadid.     Hard  iron.      See 

Steel. — An  iron  mine,  iron  ore,  ^^Xju* 

Jj  Jk>>  ma^dan  hadfd. 

Iron  (made  of  iron),  i^^*^^^  hadidl. 

Besembling  iron  (iron-coloured),  Ji.^ 

Jo  J^'!  misl  al  hadld  [kawa\ 

Iron,  V,  (smooth  with  an  iron),   i^if 

Ironmonger  or  smith,  «.  j\jk>>  hadddd 
Ironical,  ^^^i^  tahakkuml.  {kum. 

Ironically,  J^^  ^y  hi  u>c^  al  tahak- 

Irony,  S^  iahakkum,  \jf>^\  iaiikUt. 

[rradiance,  irradiancy,  inadiation,^yJ 
tanwlr,  &U^  sha^d^.     See  Badianee, 

Bay,  Illumination, 
[rradiate,  9.  ^...■^1  sAa^aha^ 

[rrational,  ^jtU -^  ghayrndtik,  u:.^^l^ 
$dmii,  Ja£  L  ^t7d  ^d^/.  See  Absurd. 
An  irrational  animal,  ^U^^  uW^ 
haywdn  ghayr  ndtik, 

[rrationality,  ^UaI^UII  aJ^  ^oi^m  alndti^ 

kiyatf  JakII  /•Afr  ^mI(II»  dl  ^U. 
[rrationally,  ^^aAj^  ^  mm  ghayr  ^Jd. 
[rreclaimable,  u^J^f  ^^j^^j^  ghayr 


mumkin  attahzih,  J*^^  Id  yutMollah, 


I  jUI  w;5^><    mumtani^   atiddib. 
See  Desperate,  Hopeless, 
[rreconoileable  (implacable),  f^^acj'i  Id 


yuiasdlah ;    (inconsistent),    (jJi 
ghayr  Idyek,  fji\yji^  ghayr  muwdjlk. 

Irrecoverable,  J.^a:cui  Id  ytftahassal, 
^  ^Ic)  Id  ^%ldj  laho.  See  Irreme- 
diable, Irreparable. 

Irreducible  l^i^Mj^  ghayr  nHtghluh, 
See  Invincible. 

Irrefragable,  irrefutable,    JUj  Lt  <b  Lt 

md  hihi  md  yttkdl,  ^/oiji  H  Id  ytir/ad, 
sj^^j^ji^  ghayr  marfdd. 
Irregular,  c^^y  )L  hild  tartlh,  i^nt^^ 

^J^Ull  khildf  al  kd^idat,  ^UaJt  ^Jlc 
^adhn  dl  nwdm^  ij;^^^  ^^^  kdnm/n, 
fjy\jj^  ghayr  kdnuni,  i^UiJ  h  hild 
niidm. 
Irregularity,  ifjLcUill  ^Jx>  ^adam  al  kd- 

^idat,  i^y  ^^  /»«3^  ^adam  al  kdnikn. 
Irregularly,  aUoJ  L  hild  nisuimj  s^^jIj 

hild  tartlh.  [tasih  %la\ 

Irrelative,  ^\  i^^mW^j^  ghayr  tnuti' 

Irreligion,  ^Ji)^  /•tXe  ^adam  addln,ji^ 

kufr. 
Irreligious,  ^4>L  hUd  dhi,  ji^  kdjlr, 

^L^  mundjik.     See  Impious. 
Irreligiously,   J^AJ\  ij  ^jJJ^  ^^  fnin 

ghayr  din  wa  Id  imdn. 
Irremediable,  ^-p.le!l  Id  ^djlaho,  <lSU 

IjJ  mdlaho  dated,  ^J^^*^  1  Id  yuta* 

ddwa\   See  Incurable.         [muddwdh. 

Irremediably,  ii\^\tX^j^  ^  min  ghayr 

Irremissible,  yji\  ^z^A^t  mumtani^  al 

^afA,JJu  i  Id  yugh/ar. 

Irremovable,   {ifj^yj  S    Id   yutdharrak, 
Jfj  J  Id  yunhoB, 

Irreparable,  /^^  i  Id  yutasallah,  ^^3 
^e^!^  1  lumh  Id  yunmaha\  See  Irre- 
coverable.  \jhufrdn. 

Irreparably,   ^^J^ja^  ^   ^*^  ghayr 


IKR 


(758) 


ISL 


Irrepreh^nsible,  irreproachable,   ^ulc  t« 
md  ^alihi  ^atah,  Jhi  Id  ytddm, 

J  J  idU  mdlaho  lanh.  See  Blameless. 

Irreprehensibly,  irreproachably,  -*c  ^^ 
^Lt  mtn  ^Aayr  muZdma^.  See  Inno- 
cently. 

Irreprehensible,  c^^clc  ^lLs  U  ma  ^oZfAi 

^a^05,  ^-'l«£  ^  Id  yu^dh,       [taidwam. 

Irresistibility,  /«jUi7 )  ^y  iblt(7<i^  /S  ta- 

Irresistible,  (^^\^^  Id  ytUakdwam. 

Irresistibly,  i^yLii\  ^;5^^  c  yj  Unaw^ 

mumtani^  dl  mukdwamat, 
Irresoluble,    i,^.^  <Ui  flhi  hirat,   y*as^ 
yuhayyir.     See  Indissoluble. 

Irresolute,  2r^l  ^J^-^cu  mutahayyirfl 

amrihi,  ^j^   hayrdn,  jA^^   kdyir, 

h^y^  Cj^Jis^  mutakaUih  arrdy. 

Irresolutely,  if.-^  Jjj  5t%o/  Afra^,  Jij 

J J^  ^t^/  taraddud. 
Irresolution,  JJ^  taraddud,  ij^^  hlrat, 

i^\jj\  triiydb.     See  Doubt. 
Irretrievable.     See  Irrecoverable. 
Irreverence,  (^\^^  (^*^  ^damthtirdm, 

40 le^  ^<Xc    ^adam  ra^yat,  f^j\  ^ 

killat  adah,  a\^\  ^<Xc  ^adam  ikrdm. 
Irreverent,  c-^jl  lb  &ii^  adah,        \rdm. 
Irreverently,  f^j:^  ^lISj  hi  killat  ihti- 
Irreversible,  ^icll  yuiZj^^  mumtamc,  al 

taghayyur,  j^^cj  )  to  yutaghayyar. 
Irreversibly,  ^^  L  hdd  taghayyur. 
Irrevocable,  jJdS  ^c^^^  mutntani^  al 

taghayyur,  ^r\ri  ^  ^^  yutardja^. 
Irrevocably,  ^^  ^  hUd  taghayyur,  ^ 

^<Ms^\j^j^  min  ghayr  murdja^at. 
Irrigate,  v.  ^J\  ,<£-*  9aka*  al  ard. 
Irrigation,  ^J\  ^Jus  sakl  al  ard.     See 

Watering.  i 


Irritable,  adj\ 


iii\ 


sari:,  k/ 


ghadah,  ^U^^  oW  hdd  ul  nuudj.  And 

she  said  to  him,  0  my  son,  thou  bsst  (am- 
mitted  a  great  error  in  mentionuig  the  Qikc 
Joharah  before  the  son  of  thy  sister ;  for  th^ 
knowest  that  the  King  EsKinendel  is  ^m 
irritable  and  conceited,  oyerbearing,  of  iitd* 
sense,  of  great  riolenoe,  and  niggardly  of  bs 
danghter  towards  tihose  who  demand  her  b 

marriage,  L^Uaf^tjkA!  v^«3Jjb  di  uJJ. 

J.^^  if^kJ\  JjJlI  jAffl\  c):ii  J^ 

Irritate,  f^.  c>^f^  aghdab. 

Irritated,  ^^^Li^  ghadbdn.     See  Exs^- 

perate.  Provoke,  Fret. 
Irritation,  ^jcija^  tahrid,  (j^^  toi- 

iriM.     See  Provocation,  StimiiktioiL 

— (anger),  ^^^nr  ghadab. 


Irruptioni  a^^  hujiim, 
See  Incursion. — (forcing  an  entnmoe . 
J^  J  dukhal.  To  make  an  irrnpticL 
^s^  hajam. 

Is  (third  pen.  sing,  of  to  he),  Jt  li 

Verily  we  fear  him.    Fear  ye  not»  said  he.  i^ 
he  is  withheld  from  injuring  yon  and  othusi^ 

the  state  in  which  he  is,  lix^  i..^laC  ^ 

Ischury,  J^^^;^mȣ  ^twr  oZ  ^tr/,  ^^^^ 
J^l  ihtihda  al  bawl.    See  Retentk: 
of  urine. 

Isinglass,  \j£.  ghird. 

Island,  isle,  »,  ijjp^  jazfrai  (pi.  /> 

/scayir^.  The  island  had  mored,  and  descA 
to  the  bottom  of  the  sea,  with  all  that  «.  * 
npon  it ;  and  the  roaring  sea,  agitated  «f- 

waves,  closed  over  it,  Cj\l  kz^  ^  jus 


IVY 


(759) 


JA.K 


Issue  (egress), — ^j^  hhuriij,jj'i>^  tudir; 
(termination),  LiU  ^dkAat,  iA^  na- 
hayat.  See  Conclusion. — (event),  <U^j 
wakt^,  ^2^  natljat.  See  Conse- 
qaence. — (progeny),  jS^l  awlad,  J-uJ 
nasly  JT  ady  J^\  mL  See  Family, 
Of&pring. 

Issue,  V.  (as  water  from  a  fountain),  ^J 

«a&i^,  ^jP^jara'.  To  issue  or  sally 
forth,  ^^  kharaj.  To  issue  out 
money,  ^j>-  kharqf,  ^jij  nafak.  To 
issue  out  a  decree,  ax^-jJu^  i  a»dar 
hukm. 

Issueless  (without  o£Espring),  ji^\  h  Uld 
awlddf  JLiU^U  m&laho  ^kihaU 

Isthmus,  «.  (neck  of  land),  Jsij\  Jpx 

^nk  ard,  Jij:^,  ^,  ^}  ^^  ^«5» 

ard,  hayn  hahrln. 
It,  yb  hu. 
Itch,  #.  (^j^-jarab,  ^iJ\  'b  Ai'ii/  Aa*- 

i8wA.     See  Scab.— An  itch  (longing), 

^^yb  hawas,  \yb  hawd,  i^^  thdhwat. 

See  Desire. 
Itchy,  J^.y>- jarlan,  iL^\  Mj  i^  flh 

da^ul  hakkah. 
Item,  \^\aydanyCJ^iika%al%k.^9»A\ao. 
Iterate,».jJ^^flrrflr,jU^a<i.  SeeBepeat 
Iteration,^^  teMr,  jj^  tikrdr,  ifjlcl 

i^daL    See  Eepetition. 
Itinerant,  itinerary,  <*C^  «aytfA.     See 

Wandering,  Unsettled. — An  itinerary 

(book  of  travels),^;i-j  w-?li^  kitab  sa/ar. 
Itself,  y^Atl.  The  thing  itself,^.^^\  j^^ 

na/s  al  amr. 
Ivory,  J-f^\  ^^  «m  a/ /I/,  ^U  ^aj; 

(made  of  ivory),   y*^*'^  i^i^i    (lite 

ivory),  pW\  Jl^  mM  al  ^aj\ 
T^^Jf  ^^^>***^^  J;^  J^l  ^  tnas&kln. 


J. 


J  is  uniformly  expressed  by  <^,  as  in 

{jMjp^  jaras,    a  bell.' 
Jabber,  v.     jjU  lb  JiJ  takaOam  hild 

macna\    See  Chatter. 
Jabberer,  ».  CSis'  ^aUdk,  jla^  %'a^. 
Jacent,  J****^  mtfn«a^t%.     See  Lying, 

Supine. 

Jacinth,  CLJyb  yaiai.    They  proceeded 

to  address  him  with  soft  words,  and  to  console 
him,  and  after  that  they  conducted  him  intu 
the  bath,  and  when  he  came  forth  from  the 
hath,  he  pnt  on  a  ma^ficent  suit  woven 
of  gold,  adorned  with  jewels  and  jacinths, 

»^j\  CL^J  Juuj  9^^  nyioi  ^\  fi 

Jack-pudding,  8.  JjJ-i-J  baMul  (used  in 
Beimi),  SjS^**^  fnoikhara.  SeeBuffoon. 

Jackal,  8.  JUj^  jakdl,  t^^\^  wawl. 
Jackanapes,  ^\sm^  8a^n,  ^Kp^-jahal, 

mm 

^j  wikih.    See  Coxcomb,  Ape. 
Jackdaw,  ^\^  ghirdh. 
Jacket,  8.  ^\^^  miUiydn. 
Jacob's  staff.     See  Astrolabe. 
Jade,  8.  (sorry  horse),  Jtlc  j^v^*^**  hi8dn 

cdtil ;  (a  mean  sorry  woman),  JioyjJ^ 

8harmutd.    See  Bunter,  Whore. 
Jade,  V.  iiij!  lawwiuh,  i^^nj\  at^.   See 

Fatigue,     Harass,    Tire;     Degrade; 

Tyrannize. — (to  grow  fatigued,  to  lose 

spirit),  C-.OW  U^.  [Dejected. 

Jaded,  ^^L-jw  ta^&n.     See  Fatigued, 
Jag,  V,  (make  like  teeth),  <Ul^  J  J-«x 

^mdl  danddna. 
Jail,  «.  ii«Mh>.  haha8. 
Jakes,  A3ldErj\  adabkhdne. 


JEB 


(760) 


JIX 


Jalap,  Uls^  jdUba,  [a/  hdh. 

Jamb,  9,  (post  of  a  door),  c^-^Llt  (J^^  rijl 
Jangle,  v,  |^£jliji  fandsa^u.  See  Dispute, 
Quarrel,  Wrangle. — (to  make  a  dis- 
cordant sound),  \^\^  ta^ayaiH. 

January,  jS^-V^  ^yl^  kdnun  al  akhar, 
iJUl  ^y\^  kdnUn  attdnl. 

Jar,  i.  (vessel),  gjs^  jarrah;  (discord), 
uJHr-<-l  ikhtildf.  See  Dissension,  De- 
bate. 

Jargon,  IsIlc  ghaht,  ^^  Mm, 

Jasmine,  ^^j^j^^\i  ydtmln^  ^J^j  zafd^ak. 

Jasper,  J^i  yaahm. 

Javelin,  «.  <0 ,».  harhaL 

Jaundice,  ^J^jl  yarakdn. 

Jaunt,  V,  (wander  about),  jt  J  ddr^  aU* 

h&m.    See  Wander,  Bamble. 
Jauntiness.    See  Oenteelness. 
Jaw,  ».  d^  fahf  f^J^  hanak.    The 


upper  jaw,  ^Xci\  CSiW  alfak  al  a^\ 

The  lower  jaw,.  Ji^iiil  CSa^S  al  fak 

(U  arfai. 
Jaw-bone,  a.  djtiit*  m&daghat.    The  two 

jaw-bones,  cJUlil\  al  afkdk, 
Jajf  ^2;-*JI  S^l/^  ghirdh  al  hayn.     See 

Magpie. 
Jealous,  j^  yhayynr,  ^'j-fi  yhayrdn. 

See    Emulous,    Suspicious.  —  To    be 

jealous, ^li  yA^r. 
Jealously,  ij^  Jij  hikol  ghtrat. 
Jealousy,  jealousness,  ij^  ghlrat. 

Jehovah,  yJb\j  ydhn,  l^J^  ^^  oUah 

ta^dlt^.    See  Gh>d. 
Jellied,  a4^U«  mMit/amtii.  See  Congealed. 
Jelly,  Jukjcl^  munjamid;  (of  meats), 

Jennet,*.  ^^LmiI  ^Ua»-  Atlfan  MpdnfoA. 
Jessamine.    See  Jasmine. 
Jericho  (city),  \agrj\  arihd. 


Jerusalem,  (jm  Ja«!1  c:>^>  hayt  al  imUk. 
(jMiAflll  o/ibM^f,  (^yuJl  (jiMJiSt  c2Uf 
M^Anrff,  /»J^^^  awraaklim.  An  in- 
habitant of  Jerasalem,^««AL«  suUiri, 

Jest, «.  Ijf^t  ittihsd,  Jyb  had  (pl.d^U^ 
^^f^d^),  ^j^  tak^j\ 

Jest,  9.  v^Jf^t  utahsM*.     She  then  said 

to  bim,  The  Lady  Dun]^*,  when  she  read  tbr 
letter,  was  enraged ;  but  I  coaxed  her  cc 
jested  with  her  until  I  made  her  langb,  ani 
she  was  moved  with  pity  for  thee,  and  retoxwi 

thee  an  answer,  if Ju.iJ\  ^  ^  (^iJU  «.' 

Jester,  «.  09^  j^  muharrij. 

Jesting,  «.  -.lu  matah.    Soe  Merrimeit 

' — Without  jesting,  jesting  apart,  ^jl> 

uJ^  Jo:  ^y^\  khain  al  mtadh  aU 

taraf. 
Jet  (fossil),  ^^yjS^  hajar  inftao'.  A 

jet  or  jet  d'eau,  ij\^  fawwdrtL 

Jew, «.  i^<^^,  yahadi,   Jews,  i>^  ydltti 

Jewel,  B,  ^j^^  jawhara.    See  Gem.— 

My  jewel !  (my  dear !  my  soul !)  ^^•;\ 

yd  rawhl,  _Ji  U  yd  kalbl,  ^^^  ^  ^^ 

^ayni.    He  then  arose,  and  took  wiik 

him  two  leathern  bags  AiU  of  jewels  ssa 
jacinths,  and  oblong  emeralds,  and  precksk* 
minerals  of  all  kinds  of  precious  stones,  aad  i- 

made  his  servants  carry  them,  ^\  ^ 

Jeweller,  «.  ^j^J^^  jawdkirjl. 

Jingle,  V.  ^Ja:io  tatUan.    A.  jingle,  ^j- 
ianln. 


JOL 


(761) 


JOT 


Jockey,  b,  yjAp^  j&nh(i%,  J>«£><-  ^w  hay- 

ya^  hhayl.    See  Horse-dealer,  Groom ; 

aUo  Cheat.  \jna»hrah. 

Jocose  (jocular),  L^jJLjii\  ujLD  latlfal 
Jocoseness,  jocosely,  jocularity,  -.|^^1 

inthirdh.     See  Merriment. 
Jocujid,  ^0^\  i^^/^j  Mhrdwl  al  idb^ 

See  Merry,  Gay,   Lively,    Cheerful, 

Pleasant.  [ness,  Cheerfulness. 

Jocundity,  ^y  farah.     See  Pleasant- 

John  Nokes  and  Tom  Stiles,  r^x^  ^J 
fuild  %oa  ^mr  (fictitious  names^  used 
hy  lawyers  and  others). 

Join,  V.  ^^  wasal,  ^  laham^  JhuJ 
lasaJt,  ^jA  and  jjl.  See  Add,  Sub- 
join; Unite,  Associate. 

Joined,  J^^  mawsul,  J«da^  muttasd, 
(.JJLi^  mutaaliff  ^•jjut  makrUn, 
^4:jb^  mujtami^y   o^sjb^   mqfmH^ 

To  join  or  be  joined,  ^jAj\  inkaran, 
J^yt  tnwMol, 
Joint,  «.  iAAfi  ^ukdat,  J^^ai^  tnafsdl. 
Joints,  J^U/t  tnafdsil.  The  space  be- 
tween two  joints,  ^-'^^  anbuh,  ^^..^Lt 
ma/sal,  ^\ji^  mafdnU  The  joint 
of  a  reed  or  other  plant,  if  JkAf  ^ukdat. 
Out  of  joint,  \!^°'--  fnun/ai^.  To  pull 
the  fingers  till  the  joints  crack,  ^ji 
djuj[^\  farka^  asdbi^aho.  The  joint 
of  a  slaughtered  animal,  a  joint  of 
meat,  ydc  ^adu  (pi.  1^1  a^dd). 

Joint,  V.  (divide  into  joints),  -.jJiisharah, 

\_  "^*  JuuMob.  [Together. 

Jointly,  jlarb  hi  ittikdd,  \y^  $awd.  See 
Jointure,  i.  IJjJ  dotdtj^fs^  jahdz.  See 
Joke.     See  Jest.  [Dower. 

Jole.     See  Face,  Cheek. 
Jollity,  joUiness,  —  i  fm'ah. 

Jolly  (gay),  ^J^Jfarhdn. 


«•  • 


Jot,  <.  ^J  tarraU 

Jovidl,j»Mt  nuurHr. 

Journal,  «.^J  daftar,  Jlj/r- 

Journey,  a.jLtsa/ar  (pi.  ci?J^  aafrdt). 
A  nocturnal  journey,  JJJi^^  «fl/flr 
flJ  ft  J.  A  journey  by  post,  ^jL*i\ 
tda^j^l  auafar  ma^  al  po%ta.  A  long 
journey,  J^jLa  %afar  ha^d.  To 
undertake  or  begin  a  journey,  ^Lc  aIc 

jLJ\  ^a%am  ^al^  aasafar.     And  they 

say  that  this  notion  is  cherished  as  a  slight 
consolation  by  those  who  are  content  with  a 
sorry  maintenance,  and  repine  not  at  bad  food 
or  scanty  measure.  Bat  if  thon  determine  on 
travelling  abroad,  and  nrepareet  thy  staif  and 
wallet  for  the  jonmey,  choose  first  a  companion 
who  will  be  a  real  assistance  to  ^ee ;  for  as  a 
neighbourhood  most  be  known  before  the 
hoose,  a  good  companion  must  be  provided 

before  a  journey  is  undertaken,  _ib  ^jSlSj 

Journeyman,  «.  JLm^  musd^. 
Joust,  i.  (tournament),  tr-^j  rammdh. 
Joy,  .^If^f  thtihdj,  ^UuCjl  *htudm,j^j^ 
durHr,  isi^  hahjat,  ^ji  farah,  ij*u^ 
imuurratf  )o\m*J\  inhisdt,  ^)/^^  t^- 
shirdh.  To  show  great  demonstrations 
of  joy,  ^jsi\j^\  oihar  alfarah.  And 

when  the  King  heard  what  she  said,  his  face 
brightened  up  with  joy  and  happiness,  and  he 
kissed  her  h^  and  her  hands  by  reason  of  the 

excess  of  his  joy,  vlX-L«Jl  ^^  UJj 

^Ji\  ixL  ^  l^^j  l^tj.  Happi- 
ness hath  come,  dispelling  care  and  grief. 
We  are  united,  and  have  mortified  our  euTiers. 
The  fragrant  zephyr  of  union  hath  blown,  and 
revived  the  heart  and  the  bowels  and  the  body ; 
and  the  beauty  of  delight  hath  appeared  with 
periumes,  and  our  drams  of  glad  tidings  hare 
been  beaten  in  the  four  quarters  of  the  hori- 


TUT) 


(762) 


JUD 


Eon.  Bo  not  ima^e  that  we  are  weeping 
from  grief,  for  it  u  from  joy  that  our  tears 
hare  flowed.  How  many  terrors  hare  we  seen ! 
bat  they  hare  passed,  and  we  have  borne  with 
patience  what  roused  up  anguish.  One  hour 
of  union  hath  made  me  for;get  what  rendered 

US  grey  from  excess  of  terror,j«^\  'U>- 
irf,  ♦  U  jJlj  IS^Xlj  CjJil\  ci^P-li 


Joyftil,  ^^ji  farhdn,  j^f*^  tnasrHr, 
ij^^jjj**^  nuurUr  al  hdl.  See  Cheer- 
ful, Merry. — Joyful  news,  ifjlfiu  hi- 
shdrat.     To  make  joyful,  ^j3  farrah, 

Joyfiilly,  i^lf^f  J>^  htkol  (biihdj\j^^ 
higurUr. 

Joy  fulness,  ..^/araA*     See  Joy. 

Jubilee,   s.   f^Jo   tarab,   ^isSi    bahfat, 

LImmJI  inhudt,  ijMi^  masarrat,  mJ^\ 
ihtihdj.     See  Festivity. 
Judge,   i,   ^^\^   kddi.      Judges,   i\^ 

huddt,  Mj  or  our  lord  judge,  \jiy 
_^Ia!\  mawldnd  al  kddl.    The  judge 

of  a  city,  j\J\  ^^^  hddl  al  halad. 

The  judge  of  the  army,  jL^\  ^^^ 

M 

kdd%  al  ^kar.  The  decree  of  a  judge, 
c  JL)1  S-^-  hukm  ash  shar^,  ^  hujjat. 
The  actuary  who  writes  the  sentence 
of  a  judge,  cJ\La  sakkdk.  The  chief 
judge,  SlJiiSI  i<^^  ^^  ^^  huddt.  The 
greatest  judge  of  his   age,  Sloi  J^l 


V. 


j^t^l  a^%am  huddt  taaawnSn.  To  ap- 
point a  judge,  t^^  ^'^'^^  ^mmahk$ 
hddi.  To  go  or  appear  before  a  judge, 
^i^USf  ^\^\jid^^  heder  amdm  al 

To  cite  before  a  judge,  lcjVu^\ 
^jUlf  i%t«1  talah  lil  muthdra^ 

al  hddi.  A  bribe  to  corrupt  a  jvdge, 
JJ?^  hartllf  iy^j  raihwat,  A  judge 
(a  person  capable  of  deciding  on  the 
merit  of  anything),  ijf^  c.'*'>-Lg  sd- 

hib  hhibratj  y}ks,^>.rJ^  adhH  c«H. 

I  had  picked  up  from  the  mouths  of  xl^ 
learned  and  sa^es,  and  deriTed  from  the  pre- 
cepts of  the  wise,  that  it  is  the  doty  of  tfce 
prudent  and  intelligent  strange',  when  K? 
enters  any  new  town,  to  gain  the  friendship  c( 
its  judge  and  secure  his  ^>od  will,  that  he  sit 
fortify  himself  in  the  case  of  liti^tion,  a£i 
be  safe  in  a  foreign  land  from  the  mjustice  <jf 

the  rulers  and  officers,^  L::^i3  s,z^n 


Judge,  V,  (do  justice),  u»o.fl>\  tmsa/,  J.u 
^adal;  (decide  lawsuits),  fS^»^  halam. 
L*yAs\  ^J«ai  fatal  al  hkuaumat.  To 
judge  (form  an  opinion),  ^Jia  z«i,  ^J^*^ 

^^Li  ^amal  kiyds.   See  Criticise,  Bb- 

cem,  Distinguish.  Then  the  King  judged  u>c 
people,  displacing  the  tyrannical,  and  inrost' 
mg  the  good  and  just ;  and  continued  to  pv% 

judgment  until  nearmidday,Ci34^^^  ^ 

J  jU!1  jjij  ^y  1  jjc,  t^u^  ^^  j.si- 

Judgment  (opinion),  ^  sanii,  ij\  ray, 
^Jj  tadblr,  (j**^  hiydt;  (undtf- 
standing),  Jac  ^ahl,  JLi|^  faruMt: 
(the  sentence  of  a  judge),  i^j:ifmt^, 
gS*^  huhm  (pL  i%H>-l  ahkdm),  «x»* 
l^f^\  hukm  aihsharc,  Lai  hadd.     Set 


JTJI 


(763) 


JUS 


Doom,  Condemnation,  Sentence,  De- 
cision.— A  judgment  (punishment  finom 
heaveii),  jJJ\  LaS  kada  aOdh.  The  day 
of   judgment    or   resurrection,     >»jJ 

£<«Ls!\  yawm  al  hiy&mat.  The  judg- 
ment-seat, IaLs^*  mahkamat.  See 
Court  of  justice  (tribunal). — To  pro- 
nounce judgment,  c/y^  ^^  ^amdl 
fakotf^  jS»^  i<^^  a^ato'  hukm*  See 
Judge. — Soundness  of  judgment,  iy 
ijifflt  kAwat  (U  ^akl.  A  man  of  sound 
judgment,  Ji£  ^^^.^^-l^  sdhih  ^akl. 
Men  of  sound  judgment,  J^a^  <^l£^t 
aah&h^akuL  Without  judgment,  J^lb 
hOd  ^. 

Judicatory,  8.  (court  of  justice),  ZaGb^ 
mahkamat.  See  Court. — (distribution 
of  justice),  JjuJ\  \jS^\  ijrd  al  ^adl. 

Judicature,  L^  kadd,^  S,^  huhn. — See 
Jurisdiction. 

Judicial,  judiciary,  jVy^  '^t.^- 

Judicially,   Ur^  ^Aar^on,  ^jul\ ^\y 

rnmodfik  oihtihhar^  Demanding  pay- 
ment judicially,  lxJ«  jLA>.  c^^Jit  ^oM 
hakkaho  shar^an. 

Judicious,  Jac  c^.-c^-lig  adhtb  ^hl,  JSU 
^dj&>7,  Li]^  i>,^>-lig  idhibfardsat.  See 
Prudent,  Skilful,  Wise. 

Judiciously,  Lit^j^  Jif  Jia  ^ijb^  ^aklin 
tea  fardsat.   See  Wisely.      [Tankard. 

Jug,  9.jjf  ka%y  <ul^  kdM,    See  Cup,  Pot, 

Juggle,  V.  ^jT^j  ^f]>»r  ^ala*,  ^Jl& 
ghatih.     See  Deceive. 

Juggle,  juggling,  *- j^^  toM^hur.  See 
Imposture,  Deception,  Trick. 

Juggler,  i.jfAy*  muzaMr. 

Jugular,  ,^^Ai>-  haUd.  The  jugular  vein, 
Jjjijll  J>-»»-  ^U  al  world. 

Juice,  jyS  coroib,  ^^j  rtUUlat,  tsf^j 


rathkat  (pi.  ci^Ur^j  rot^^Q.     The 

pressed  juice  of  grapes  or  other  fruits, 

^^««a£  ^Mlr,  if^tUoc  ^tMdra^.    Juices  of 

styptic  plants,  Uiiil  akdkid.    Lemon 

juice,  ^y^  ^  may y at  laymUn, 
Jujube   (fruit),    (^llx    ^nndh.      The 

barren  jujube  tree,  ^^yjij  %ay%afikn. 
Julapi  imJip^  jaUdh. 

July,  ijM^^  yiil%ii$,  jy4j  tammiiM. 

Jumble,  V,  ial^  khalat.     See  Confound. 

— A  jumble,  \^S-.  khalt. 
Jument,  9.  (beast  of  burthen),  (^^ 

SSyk»^  kidlsh  humUlat. 
Jump,  V.  )e2j  nat.   See  Bound,  Spring. — 

(to  agree  with),  jj\^  wdjik. 
Jump,  i.  iJoj  naitat.     See  Leap. 

Junction,  J  1^1  ittisdl,  ^^  wash    See 

Coalition. 
Juncture,  J^oi^  ma/«a/  (pL  ^}^\L^  ma- 

fisil),  ya£,  ^adu.   See  Junction,  Joint, 

Articulation. — (time),    ^^j   Mmdn, 

ijujj  toakt. 
June,  ij^jij^  hisutyrdn. 
Juniper,  ^^r^  ^r^dr.        [markui  slni. 
Junk  (a  Chinese   ship),   ,A^ ^^r^j^ 
Jupiter  (planet),  ^^-.A^Jl  a/  muahtari. 
Juridical,  i^^j^  ahar^l.   See  Judicial. 

Juridically,  Ic^  ahar^n. 
Jurisconsult.     See  Lawyer. 
Jurisdiction,  ^^L^  hukumat,  Lai  kaddf 

jjL>^  hukm,  i^^  waldyat.     Exercising 

jurisdiction,  ^\^  wdh. 

Jurisprudence,  ^  Jikhy  i^\  Jl£  ^tlm  al 
Jikh,  ^j^\  J^  ^ilfn  ashakar^. 

Just,  Jjlfi  ^d(?f7,  JjjK^  mucdil^  JL0 
«d/iA,  Jf jLtf  aa<^«it.  See  Equitable, 
Honest,  Good,  Virtuous. — (accurate), 
.^vsr^  tahlh.     See  Exact,  Pull,  Com- 


JUS 


(  764 ) 


EEE 


plete,  E^olar. — Just  weight,  ^Ji\^  ^jj 
wazn  wdfi.  To  distingnish  the  just 
from  the  nnjnst,  JtUl  ^  (j^^  ^J/ 

farak  al  Hah  min  al  batil.  The  troops  there- 
upon approached  him,  kissed  the  ground  hefore 
him,  and  congratohited  him  on  his  safe  return, 

because  he  was  just  and  beloTed,  (J^li 

»r^3  ^'^l  crH  uf^il^  \yL3^jL^\ 

Just,  ad^.  ijJfJSj  hikol  dikat.  See 
Exactlf. — (alike),  Ji/«  misL 

Justice,  J  Jkc  ^adl,  l]\jx.  ^addlat,  iljU>- 
hahkaniyat,  lld^x^  n,a^dalat,  uJUsjI 

M 

tnsdf,  ^jJ^  iharl^tf  ^  jJ^  thar^,  ^J>- 
hak.  Public  justice,  ^ImJI  ctsiiydsat. 
Distributive  justice,  JuMsUIliUljuJI  al 
^addlat  al  idsttnat  An  administrator 
of  justice,  fj^\  i^j^  mttft^  al  hah 
According  to  justice,  e  jul\  L,.^*Mag7 

hi  haaab  a»hshar^*  Contrary  to  justice, 
^jJ^\  uJLl  Jthildf  ashshar^.  To  ad- 
minister justice,  to  do  justice,  i^j>'\ 
J  Sfi\  qfra*  al  ^adl,  t— i>aj  \  an$af.   The 

Lord  Chief  Justice,  JUiill  ^IS  kddl 

al  kudat.  After  which  he  returned  to  the 
palace,  with  all  the  people  before  him.  And 
every  day  he  used  to  rid^  to  the  horse-course ; 
and  when  he  returned,  he  sat  to  judge  the 
people,  and  administered  justice  between  the 

prince  and  the  poor  man,  ^1  ^TJ  (^ 


Justifiable,   J\^  $dlih,     ^LJL».   haklklf 
c^jJ^\  c,.^^.iir<7  hi  hatab  ashshar^.  See 

Eight,  Defensible. 
Justifiableness,  JLa  ialdhj  Lj\as>^  hak- 

haniyat.    See  Rectitude. 
Justification,  jjji    ^f«r,  jij^    iabrlr, 


j\mA  i^ndr,  iSj3  imHyai,  See 
Vindication.  —  (purgation  from  sb), 
\j^\  utihrd,  ^i>w  khalds.  SeePaxdon. 

Justifier,  justificator,  m.  jj^  mubanir. 
See  Defender. 

Justify,  r.  jji  horror,  ji^  \OMar^  ^j 
takhi.  See  Absolve,  Defend,  Yindieate. 

Justle,  r.  ^jL^  ioBdddim.     See  Clash, 

Encounter. 
Justly,   Jms'U   lUkttk,  ll\^  J^   Kb/ 

^oddilat,  i^yJ^i  hissawdh,  SeeHoQest- 

ly.  Uprightly ;  also  Just,  Exactly. 
Justness  (accuracy),  l3j  dikkotj  JU^ 

kom&l.    See  Exactness ;  oUo  Justice. 
Jut,  p.  (to  shoot  into  prominences), u-9^^ 

^ix  ashrof^alo*,  t^i<^j  romd  ^dU\ 

See  Project, 
Juvenile,  c^L2»  shah.   The  juTenile  age. 


K. 


K,  in  English,  has  one  invariable  somd 
before  all  the  vowels ;  and  is  expreased 
in  Arabic  by  C/,  as  t^^zS  hUak, 
*  book ;'  and  (with  a  stronger  effort  in 
the  throat)  by  j,  as  ijjj  btdrot^ 
power,'  ^^J^  mokaddas,  holy/  J>j 
hark, '  lightning.'  Before  »  it  is  sile&t, 
as  in  knife,  knee,  pronounced  mfi,  mm, 

Kalendar,  v^  takunm.  See  Calendar. 

Kali,  Jj  kali.    Alkali,  J^\  Moh. 
Keen  (eager),  jU-  hadd;  (sharp-edged), 
«^U  kdti^.    See  Pierdng. — (seme;, 

Jj  Jj*  shodtd,     A  keen-edged  swonL 
jl>-  L,Qj..>  sayfhddd  (vulg.  Jk^). 
Keenness  (eagerness),  i^  yklroi,  J  Al 
shiddat.  See  Ardour,  Zeal,  Yehemcaoe. 
— (severity),  ^|^  «ardm«^yU»i;^  ^os^ 


KIC 


(765) 


KIN 


See  Asperity. — (rigour  of  weather), 

J^l  iiXi  ahiddat  d  hard^jij^J  fum- 
harlr. 
Keep,  V.  (take  care  of,  preserve),  Iri  g'v. 
^i/bz,  ^^^>-  hama\  See  Goard,  Pro- 
tect— (to  detain),  CX^^  me%eh.  See 
Stop. — (to  last),  i»li  ibSm.  See  Eemain. 

— (to  maintaiii,  support  with  the  ne- 
cessaries of  life),  izS^  kdt  See  Feed. — 
(to  restrain),  ku*^  dahat,  ^i^  mana^. 

To  keep  company  (with  any  one), 
v.^.^«>-li0  sdhabf  J^\s.  ^ashar.  To  keep 
in  or  keep  dose  (conceal),  l^a^^^  akhfa^ . 
To  keep  off,  keep  aloof,  Jjo  ha^jAd\ 
(to  hinder),  m\^  mana^  To  keep 
tinder  (oppress),  Jd?  sutlam^j^  kahar. 

To  keep  on  (advance,  go  forward), 
>»jLiJ  takaddam.     To  keep  one's  hed, 

^\^b  Juu  it0^0(;  5t7/rd«A.  To  keep 
or  dwell  (in  any  place),  ^jS*^  sakan. 
To  keep  house  (maintain  a  family),  ^ 

ij:^^}/atah  hayL  To  keep  the  house 
(he  at  home),  c;,^!  ^  tXiu  ha^adfll 

day^.  To  keep  out  (prevent  entrance), 
J^fiL JkS\  ^  ^^  mana^min  addukhul. 

To  keep  a  promise,  J^l  ^^  uw/0'  a^ 

^hd.  [ndsfV. 

Keeper,  «.  lail>>  hafigf  {j*ij^  hdr%9,Jo\j 

Kept  (guarded),  Si^^A^r*  maA/^,  ^/*^y^ 

mahriU ;  (detained),  l1^h«><.>^  maffMfi^. 

Kermes,  J^  hirm%%. 

Kernel, '«.  (of  a  nut,  etc.),  s>~^^'*>^  hah,  ^y 

niwa\  i^  Uh,  ^.^Jj  kalh. 
.  » 

Kettle, «.  ^hj  ^sdn.    See  Caldron,  Pot. 
Key,  8.  ^lii^  m«/^d^  (pi.  ^U^  ma/d^lA). 

Kibe, «.  (chap  in  the  heel),  w^.'^wCH^^  ^jJit 

shuk  fll  ka^. 
Kick,  f.  ^jujj  rqfoi,  LJ  lahai. 


Kick,  «.  ^Lij  rafsat.  A  kicker,  (jwlij 
ro^.  A  kicking  horse,  ^  ^  (^^^^^^ 
hudn  ramUh. 

Kidney,  9.  iy\J  kilwat  (pL  iJ^  ^A)y 
^5|^K  kaldwl. 

Kidney,  9,  (or  Prench  bean),  iLJ^  lnhie. 

Kill,  9.  Ji3  ^atol.    To  kill  animals  for 

food,  ^  J  sa&oA. 
Killed,  fjf^  makM,  Killed  by  poison, 

f^y4>*u^  ma9miim.    See  Poisoned. 
Killer,  «.  Jjli  kat%%  JliS  kattah     See 

Murderer. 
Killing,  |Mir^.  JjfU  ibs^t?. 
Kiln,  «.  j^y  fum,  jyj  tannHr. 

Kind  (benevolent),  L-g.i>.V>  1  ^op^f/,  (Jtii^ 

9hafik,  ^i^  kafim,  w-^'^^^  muAu^.    See 

Beneficent,  Friendly,  Farourable.  And  the 
King  was  beneficent  to  the  people,  courteouB 
in  speechi  traly  and  sincerely  eood  and  kind, 
saying  nothing  bat  what  was  lor  the  welfare 

and  the  good  of  the  people,  Cfl^U  ^l^^ 

Kind  (race,  sort,  species),  \j»t^  jin9  (pi. 
^^\j,^\  ajna9),  ^^  natr^(pl.  9^^^ 
antoH^).  Human  kind,  j^Jl  ^^:j  hani 
al  hashar.  Another  kind,  c  ^j^  ghayr 
naw^.     Of  different   kinds,   uJL^^l 

iilz^ a9nd/mukhtali/at,  ^UlcLsr^  ^y\ 
anwd^  mukhtalifdh. 

Kindle,  9,  ^j^^  ahrak,  Ja^I  (uh^.  See 
Inflame,  Set  on  Pire,  Exasperate,  Ani- 
mate. 

Kindled,  ^y^  malhuh,  JjtJL«  mtuh^ 
ta^al.    See  Inflamed. 

Kindling,  part,  /^h'^  mudtarim. 

Kindly,  ^  Jilj  hikol  karam,  cjUal  J^ 
Ukol  lutf,     ^Us^.  J^  hikol  muhahhal. 


KIS 


(766) 


KBTO 


See  Benerolently,  FaToorably;    aito 
Congenial^  Homogeneal ;  Mild,  Soften- 
ing. 
Kindness,  ^gVil  lutf,  2j^ae,  cut^faty  ij'\j 

raafat.  See  Benevolence,  Beneficence, 
FaTovr,  Love.  And  when  tfaer  heard  her 
words,  ibey  thanked  her  for  her  kindncM,  and 
said  to  her,  Whaterer  thon  dost  with  this 
stranger,  thon  wilt  be  rewarded  and  recom- 
pensed for  it,  Vy^  lf«i^  {^y^^'^^  ^^ 

JlJl^  ijij^y  **r^y*''  •    ^^^  ^^^  ^®''" 

tone,  in  its  kindnen,  has  fiiToiired  me,  and 
conducted  me  to  the  threshold  of  the  beloved. 
I  beheld  Bodoor  in  the  bed  by  m^  side ;  and 
by  her  son  the  moon  of  my  fortune  was 

brightened,  dLaJj  kJ^j^^  jIs^jJ  Uj 

Kindred  (by  blood),  h\^  kardhat,  l,,  ^«mj 

nasah  (j^l.  l^\m*j\  ansdh).  SeeBelation, 

Relative,  Sort 
Kindred,  o^f-  v.^^  iarih.  See  Congenial. 
Kine  (pi.  of  cow),  ^<^^y  tnawdshl,  jAj 

hakar. 
King,  8.  f»l£i^  malek,   A  king  of  kings, 

a  great  king,  ^jlrHiJl  ^UaLj  stdldn 

Oisaldtln,  Belonging  to  the  king,(JUaLi 

iulidnl.     See  Royal. — Kings,  lI^I  ^ 

miduk. 
Kingdom,  «.  d^il^k^  mamlahat^  ^^J  daw- 

lot,   ^LUui  saltanat.     See  Dominion, 

Empire. 
Kingship.      See  Royalty,  Monarchy. 
Kinglike,  kingly,  (JUaLi  stdtdnh     See 

Royal,  Sovereign,  August.  [fala. 

King's  evil,  ».  te-1^  sardjah.  See  Scro- 
Kiss,  $.  imi^^  hawsat,  ^lLj  kuhlat 

Kiss,  V.  (jAi  hds,  Jlj  hdbhaly  J^  lasam. 

He  then  rose  erect  upon  his  feet,  and  kissed 
the  head  of  his  sister,  after  which  he  and  his   I 
■ister  descended  from  the  top  of  the  palace,  ' 


^\ 


Kissed,  m\tA^  nmUoiom.    A  pecBon  cr 

thing  kissed,  iJfA^  muitM^ii. 
Kissing,  «.  iJ^^aj  tatMf  a2J  /mm. 

Kitchen,  t .  ^Ja^  mMibakh. 

Knave,  _^uL«  muld^ibfi,j\  J^  ghadi&r. 
See  Rascal,  ScoundreL 

Knavery,  J  Jl£  ffhadr,  ^lL».  Af£i<,  i,/'^ 
talbU,    See  Fraud,  Dishonesty. 

Knavish,  i^Jlc  ghadddr.  See  Xnair; 
a/!fo  Dishonest,  Fraudulent,  Mis- 
chievous, Wag^sh. 

Knavishly,  ^^^V  ^*^  ^^^-    ^^  ^™- 

dulently,  Waggishly. 
Knee,  «.  ^L^  nc^^a^  (pi.  i^-^-^  ryikah). 
Kneel,  v.  ^^  roib^,  Ssr*  %ajad. 
Knife,  «.  ^;:»^  mL^h .  A  lai^  butcher's 

knife,  j^Li  %dtikr,  A  pen-knife,  4^ 
^U?  hUam  tardsh,  \j^  mabrd. 

Knight,  «.  J^^  kawdUier.  See  Cavaliff. 
Hero,  Champion. — The  Knights  Ten* 
plars,  ^y^t  adddmyat.  The  Knights 
Hospitallers  {or  Knights  of  l[alta\ 
ilj\s>^\  al  %$hitdr%fat 

Knit,  V,  (unite  by  knots),  «x££  caW; 

(to  unite  by  texture),  **  ^J*^  JUyysi 

See  Weave,  Tie,  Join,  Unite,  ContncL 

Knock,  V.  Jf  J    dtA,     To  knock  at  a 

door,  c-^UI  J  J  (l4ii(  0/  hdh.  To  knock 
dow^,  ^^r«^  darah,  ^j  rgsM\  Te 
knock  on  the  head  (kill),  Jzj  iatd, 
i^jfC  darah.  See  Kill. 
Knock,  «.  hj»i  darhat,  JuL!  J!f<sic4 
£/«jliA«  musddamai.  A  knock  at  a 
door,  S-'^Uf  J^  <2ai&  a/  hdh.  A  kBocier 
(one  who  beats),  4^1^  ifdniS.    The 


KNO 


(767) 


LAB 


knocker  or  ring  of  a  door,  c^UI  JLil>^ 

halttkat  al  bob.  I  have  no  resource  except  to 
knock  at  thy  door ;  and  if  I  am  rejecteo,  at 

whose  door  shall  I  knock  ?  ^y^    1\^ 

^U  cyjj,  Jil^  il^  wL^U  ^j 

Xnot,  «.  idJLs.  ^ukdat  (pi.  «xac  ^ukad). 
See  Difficulty,  Intricacy,  Association, 
Cluster,  Collection. — A  knot  in  wood, 
SjkA£  ^ukdat.  Solomon's  knot  (or 
seal),  ^UJls  ^Ifk*  hh&tim  9olaymdn, 

To  knot  or  make  a  knot,  J^ac  ^lad. 
See  Entangle,  Perplex.  To  unloose  a 
knot,  ij3ji\  CS^  fak  al  ^ukdat. 

Knotty,  sijL^  mucakkad.  See  Intricate, 
Difficult. 

Know,  V.  (— i/^  ift^rff  (Xc'  ^elem.     See 

Comprehend,  Understand,  Distioiraish.  0 
thon,  if  thou  know  me  not,  I  win  acquaint 
thee  with  my  name  and  my  descent.  I  am 
the  son  of  the  daughter  of  the  King  of  the 
Amalekites ;  of  those  who  ruled  the  countries 

with  equity,  ^-ii^l  (ji^o^  ^\  ^JUblj 
^=-^  iji^  ^'  ^jr^)  ^c^^  ^-i^'  ^^ 

Knowahle,  cJ^icj  yun^artf. 

Knower,  uJ;l£  ^Sn/. 

Knowing,  j?ar^.  and  adf.  ^^j^  ^r/dn, 

^j\p  ^drif,  JU  fMlim.    See  Skilful, 

Learned,  Conscious,  Intelligent. 

Knowingly,  i^^^Ac  J^  3iib/  ^i7mn 

trtf  ma^ri/at. 
Knowledge,  Jlc  cAn,  ^  fuhm,  2jjK^ 


1 


w«^5r|^j 


ma^W/^a^    (pL 

^  fan  (pi.  ^^^  funan), 

hikmat.       See     Science,      Learning, 

Skill,     Cognizance,      Understanding, 

Acquaintance,  Information.— *  Certain 

knowledge. 


(J- 


Mm  hakikl. 


alfikh.  Desirous  of  knowledge,  t^Jlt 
Jlc  tdltb  ^jhn.  Without  knowledge, 
ijyt^jfX,  ^  min  ghayr  ma^rifat.  Be- 
longing to   knowledge,    ^^^U-e  ^t7mi. 

Thev  say  to  me.  Thou  shinest  among  mankind 
hy  toy  uiowlodge  like  the  moonlight.  Abstain 
from  thus  addressing  me,  answered  I,  since 
there    is    no    knowledge    without    fortune. 


fi\^\  ^  djcJ  cuJ^  gj^\  iU!l^ 

Known,  uJ||/t^  ma^ril/,  /^^J^  ma^lnm. 

And  it  is  well  known  that  some  men  make  a 
figure  of  the  fox  in  the  yineyard.  and  even  put 
hdbre  it  grapes  in  plates,  in  order  that  a  fox 
may  see  it,  and  adTanoe  to  it,  and  fall  into  de- 
struction, (jiA#LJf  ^jOMf  ^j  f  "■  ty\  «X5j 


A  knowledge  of  laws,  iiji\  Jlc  ^t'/m 


L. 


L  preserves  always  the  same  sound  in 
English,  and  is  expressed  in  Arabic  by 
J;  as  JJ  layl,  'a  night';  u^J^ 
talahf  '  a  call.' 

Label,  8.  (title  to  a  book,  etc.),  ^|^ 
^ntffdn,  A  label  affixed  to  a  piece  of 
cloth,  marking  the  price,  ^j  rakam. 

To  label  (put  a  title  on  a  book,  etc.), 
c-.'l:ix)!  ^\^  ^^^  wada^  ^anwdn  al 
hitdh. 
Labial  (pronounced  by  the  lips),  ^JhU^ 

ihifdhl.  Labial  letters,  JubU^  ^^j^ 

hurHf  shifdhiyat. 
Laboratory,  s,  ^JSJ4>  dnldb,  fjAJut  ma^ 

mal,  lj\sL^  karJchdnat. 
Laborious,  v.  «Xss*  mujjid,  (J^kj^  shagh- 


LAC 


(768) 


LAM 


ghll.     See  Indofitrious,  Diligent,  As-  | 
fiiduous.  —  (not  easy),    \..^^.>*x^    sa^. 
See  Tiresome.  [wajahd. 

Laboriously,  ^x^j^tX^-  ^^  hiholjaddin 
Labour,  s,  (hard  work),    \^^nr»/9  ^JjLI 
Bhughl  muUxb ;  (work,  action,  endea- 
vour), J^ix  ^amal,  Jjti^^J,  ^^juj  «acl, 

jjj  ^^  safj  lallgh,  ^^  jaM,  ^' 

j'ad,  JjLI  ihugU,  See  Industry,  En- 
deavour.— (pain,  trouble),  (k.^^^  ta^h» 
Labour  in  vain,  SjjIjL>  v_  -p"  taz,ab 

hUd  fayidat,  JtU  ^lus  w^I  3a^»7.   To 

oppress  wiUi  labour,  u^.^1  aUah, 
Without  labour,  ^.^..^Ij  Hid.  ta^h. 
See  Easily,  Gratis. — With  great  labour, 

<ULuLu«j  S"^  J^  ^^^  /0^a5  ti;<i  mu- 

Labours,  ^^Lyu«  mosd^f,  JUx^  a^m^/. 

Labourer  (for  hire),  ^U«5»»^;  (work- 
man, etc.),  «Jli0  «d»i^. 

Labour,  v.  (toil),  ^^^  w^f,  Jk>-  y^ii; 
(to  labour  under  dijficulty,  disease, 
etc.),  ^^y  tawajfa^,  tJ^'  ihtala\ 
To  labour  (to  be  in  childbirth),  wi-^aIL 
tilhat,  ["^^f^^  mujtahid. 

Labouring,  part  and  adf.  ^Ls  sd^, 

Laboursome,  u,.  ^wi^  mui-^. 
Lab3rrinth,  s,  ff2y^  ^^^V\  ^^^*^  duldh, 

<i  V»U>^  magUatatf  iioj^  wartat,  Lac 

^akahat,  iJi  tayk. 
Lace,   Jilf^   «fl;'fi^,    jJLJmA  kashkash. 

See  Fringe,  Edging,    l^amal  kashlcash. 
Lace,  t7.  (adorn  with  lace),  ^JlS^S  J.4X 

Lacerate,  v.  (Jjs>^  khataak,  ^jJL  ihak, 
jfj^  mazzak.  [^tashklk. 

Laceration,   4Ja^^  iharmatat^  (Jn^^ 
Lacerated,  ^J)s^^  mutakhassxak. 
Lack,  V.  .^s^\  ihtdj.    See  Want,  Need. 


Lackey,  «.  JijS^  khadddm.     See  Foot- 
man, Servant.  [Concise,  Short 
Laconic,  j>^*ir^  mukhUuar,     See  Brief, 

Lad,  8,  jJj  walad.     See  Boy. 

Ladder,  «.  ^JLs  9uUam, 

Lade,  v.  (load),  J^i>.  Aommo^. 

Laden,  J^^^*^  muAffmrno/.    See  Loaded. 

Lading,  ^^a^  hand.  See  Weighti  Bor- 
den, Cargo. 

Ladle,  9.jSi^  kaflAr, 

Lady,  b,  ^yls^  i^^^fin  (pi.  CL^UyU 
khdtundt),  cn^^  «t^,  bl^lL*  sittdt 
if  Ju^  saydat — My  lady,  iA»»^\i  yd  ntii. 
— Lady-like,  c:.^!  Js^  ffM  a$nt. 

Laid  {part,  preUr.    of  lay),    Q^^ 

Lain  {part  prefer,  of  lie),  ^J^  wd- 
Lake,  «.  ^^«aC  ^*  hayrat 
Lamb,  s.  uJ^^lf^-  or  ^^y>'  hharuf. 
Lame,    <^^^   ^^^^'i  ^^^  «aibi^.      See 

Cripple. — To  lame,  ^  ^-c  ^oro;. 
Lameness,  ^^c  ^ai^*,  i^^*^  ^of^i. 

See  Crippleness. 
Lament,  v.  ^^^jL^J  tashakka*^  v— g  ..^Ij 

taassaf,    -.li   ndA.     See  Bewail,  De- 
plore, Bemoan,  Mourn. 
Lament,    lamentation,   X»ld    tAtZdjfil 

_CuJ  tashakkl,  hjj  nadbat   Aooord- 

ingly  she  continued  mourning,  weeping,  «ai 
wailing  a  whole  year,  from  one  end  lo  ^ 
other.  After  which  she  said  to  me,  I  hst 
a  desire  that  thou  shouldest  build  for  me,  la 
thy  palace,  a  tomb  with  a  dome,  that  I  ■•; 
repair  thither  and  mourn  in  retiremeat  asc 
solitude,  and  I  will  call  it  the  Uouae  of  La- 
mentations. And  I  replied.  Do,  i^LJMJi 


LAN 


(769) 


LAN 


j^ljs-m  c:^  i^^  ^^  i(jj\,  l^\ 

Lamentable,  ^X^  muhakki,  \jj^  ^'^' 

z%%.     See  Moamfaly  Sorrowful,  Piti- 

fal,  Miserable.  \mviha}i}^. 

Lamentabljy    v}^  ^t^    ^   nmo^in 

Lamenter,  #.  ^\J^  thdki,  ^y  nawwdhf 

^JLuiCL^  mutashakkl.  [warak. 

Lamina  (thin  plate),  uXJ  tanak,  ^j^ 
Lamp,  «.  ^\j^  Mrdj,  ip^j^^  mawajat, 

^L^^  muhdh  (pL  .^Id/t  »iMd&iA), 
ijjjcj  haniil  (pi.  j£jl:i  ib»(3(ftQ. 
The  lamp  of  the  state,   ll^ci\  -.t^ 

sardj  addawlat.  See  Lustre. — The  wick 

or  match  of  a  lamp,  l!Lpj  fatilat.  See 
Match.  So  I  engaged  in  the  enconnten  of 
that  sort  of  warfare,  while  I  invested  myself 
with  its  distinctiTe  badges,  and  adopted  its 
eymbols  as  my  decorations ;  perceiying  it  to  be 
a  merchandize  that  never  fiiils,  a  fountain  that 
is  never  dried  up,  a  lamp  to  which  all  mankind 
might  resort,  and  whereby  the  hlind  of  every 

sort  might  be  enlightened,  (."^A^  »u  < 

«ampoon,  «.^s^  %tl.     See  Satire, 
lance,  *.  ^j  rumh  (pi.  -U;  rumdh), 
-.L«^1  armdh. 

.ance,  v.  (chirorgically),  yx^Jb  c-^ 
darab  hil  fuuhtar.  See  Cut,  Fierce, 
Scarify ;  also  To  dart, 
.ancet,  s.j:j^  nashtar. 
and  (region),  ^jOj\  ard,  jJj  Tnilad, 
iJ.xl^  mtdk.  See  Country. — (earth), 
^j^  «ri ;  (immovable  possession), 
CiX*^  omildjt.  See  Estate. — (the  sur- 
face of  the  ground),  ^Ji\  ^j  wajh 
al  ard;    (nation),   /^y  kaum,  j;]ls^ 


khalk,  ZL«  mtllat.     See  People.— By 

sea  and  land,  ]/s^  y  harran  wa 
hahran. 

Land,  i?.  (set  on  shore),^t  ^\  Ap  nnil 

ikC  al  bar.  And  at  that  island  the  master  of 
the  ship  brought  her  to  anchor  with  us ;  he 
cast  the  anchor,  and  put  forth  the  landing- 
plank,  and  all  who  were  in  the  ship  landed 

upon  that  island,  c,,^'>-l^  \^  LfV^ 

Landed  (brought  to  land),  jf^^  (V  Jj^ 
ndsUfilhar;  (come  to  land),  JJls^-l 
qfd  lU  bar ;  (possessed  of  an  estate  in 
land),  CJi^\  v-^^^U  adhib  amldk. 

Land  flood,  $.  J^  KUfl,   See  Inundation. 

Land  forces,  J  \^^Lm£  ^askar  ai  bar.  See 

Army. 
Landholder,    «.    t^^j^  c^^-^^-Lp    Bdhib 

arddi. 
Landless,  ^^]j\  ^t«  mdlaho  arddl. 
Landlord,  «.  yjjl^^l  c,.^,">>l.g  adhtb  al 

lokdnda,  CS^\  i—^^^^L^  Bdhib  tdmulk. 
See  Landholder ;  Innkeeper,  Host. 
Landlady,    arjjl^^l  ^L»-li0    sdhtbat  al 

lokdnda.    See  Hostess. 
Landmark,  «.  (joji^  <ule  ^aldmat  alard. 

See  Bounds,  Marches. 
Landward,  J  \  cJ^lal  lataraf  al  bar. 

Lane,  «.jJjbJ  dahllz,  j^^l^  ma^ar,  ^li; 

J^  stfX'dit  dayyik.  See  Alley,  Street. 
Language  (speech),  ^LJ  ludn  (pi.  ^iwwJl 
alsunat)t  iii  loghat  (pi.  CL^Ul  loghdt). 
See  Tongue. — The  Arabic  language, 
_jji!t^UJ    /f«d»  a/  ^orodf.     The 

Persian  language,  _.4^1^LJ  /wdii 
a/  ^jamlf  ^^U!t  alfdrA.  The  lan- 
guage of  the  modems,  ^;j[^;£^^^  ^LJ 


49 


LAP 


(770) 


LAS 


litdn  «/  mni&ihihwin'  Expremve 
language,  ^IJ\  u->  Jx  ^^U  ludn  ^ib 
al  haydn.  Metaphorical  language, 
i^lc^  majdMh    A  langoage  maater. 

Languid,  ^gtr.«<T  db^I/yli  filiir.     See 
Faint,    Feeble. -« To   make  languid, 
mJI  <uf^a/.     To  become  languid, 
ijup  d$^ef,  [nees,  Weaknen. 

Languidnees,  c^qw.^  ifo^/.     See  Feeble- 
Languish,  r.  Jj  J  deM. 
Languishing,  |MH*^.>>U  ^djnfJS\ifBLtir, 
See  Languid. — To  languish  (look  with 
tenderness    or   softness),    ^ji^  (J^«3 
dahbal  ^uyHnaho. 
Languishingly,  ^in,ni  hidu^n;  (looking 
tenderly),  ithj  ^j^juJoj  ruaar  hi  ^o- 
yUn  dahldnat, 
Languishment.    See  Languidness. 
Languor.    See  Languidness,  Lassitude. 
Lank,  ^.Pgw^^  da^f.     See  Lean,  Thin, 

Limber;  Languid. 
Lankness,  cq<^  (^tfc/1 
Lantern,  «.  lanthom,  ^/m^U  /dntl«;   (a 
light-house),  j^-^  fandr,     Lantem- 
jaw'd,  ^jjJ^\  yjj*^^   mu^arrak   al 
khaddin.  [ment,  Jj  J  dayl. 

Lap,  «.  ^^'id^-  Aufn.     The  lap  of  a  gar- 
Lap,  v.jtfi  sar,  (^jL!  laf.     See  Involve, 
Wrap,  Fold. — To  lap  (as  a  dog,  etc.), 

^jn>a}  lahas.     See  Lick. 

Lapdog,  i.jJf^  iwA?  kalh  ioghlr. 

Lapidary,  »,  u/lx>-  hakkdk,  i^j^^^ 
jawdhirji.  To  lapidate,  lapidation, 
A>-i  rajam.    See  Stone,  etc. 

Lapis  lazuli,    J^jijH^^  Ao/Vir  Idtward, 
U^  mind.  [dress,  Jj  J  (fay/. 

Lappet, .«.  Jjb)  i/^ry/.  A  lappet  of  a  head- 
Lapse  (fell),  ^La  iukut;  (flow),  J--* 


«0y2;  (error),  Ik;.  Uo^d,  Ui  ^yil, 
■jtajj  tahlr,  j^  mA6,  Lams  lalsi. 
Lapse,  V.  (glide),  i^gj^-  J^ra*  l  (to  nn^ 
an  inadvertent  slip),  laLi  yAek;  (to 
fell  from  truth  or  perfection),  sL 
takat;  (to  pass  away),  J^  sal  S« 
Elapse. 
Lapwing,  «.  ^jL^y^  tdUtlt, 
Larboard  (left  hand  side  of  a  ship  wties 
you  stand  with  your  fiice  to  the  bod . 

ulikdia, 
Laich  (tree),  ^,j^  iharHn, 
Lard,  ^J^^  (^^  ihahm    al  U^'- 

See  Bacon. 
Larder,  8.  ijy%^\  u:^  ha^  al  miut. 
Large  (wide),  ^\^  todti^,  ^^^f-  \^^ 

Broad.— (big),  ^--S^  AaJlr,  ^-licjfi* 
^»;MMf»-  yMtm;  (abundant),  ^^  icr. 
^^U/dyuf,  Jlj  tro/Sr.  See  Copi(^ 
Plentiful,  Liberal,  Biffdjse. — ^Laigelj 
at  large  (diflusively),  \asum  mif/««i£& 
iUL^j  Jij5tMu?M^a^.  SeeExtensfrelj, 
Widely.— (copiously),  \j^  iUiir« 
(bounteously),  ^*^  Jio  Wb/  i«rw« 

Liberally. 

Largeness  (wideness),  Im^  s^aty  l^ 
fashat,  ijOjC'  ^d.  See  Eztenaiao." 
(bulk,  bigness),  l^iac  ^atamat,  jSh^ 

Laigess,  b,    a\mj\    in^am.       See  (B) 

Bounty,  Present 
Lark,  «.  i^^  kunharat. 
Larynx  (top  of  the  windpipe),  ^M 

ghahamat  (pi.  *^lLi  y^oiidrMN). 
Lascivious  iy^  c,.>^f>"Lo  «oAsi&  «iM 

^1jf<Si  ihahwdtlj  y^^  Lm  ^'^\^  m 

hawa\  ^Uij   ntt^fdnf,  ^^wli  .^ 


LAT 


(771) 


LAXr 


See    Lostfol,    Wanton.  —  Lasciyious 
amnsements,  ^^  maldM. 

Lascivionaly,  \jMy^yi^yib  J^  hikolhamf 
ioa  hawoB,  ly^  Jij  hikol  thahwat, 

Laflcivionsnees,  i^  ahahwat,jysfjujikr, 
fj*M3  JUh  See  Goncupiacenoe,  Lost, 
Wantonness. 

Lash,  «.  )py^  sawt,  O^jM,  L^j^a  darb\ 
(the  mark  of  a  stripe  on  the  skin),  s-^^ 
darh\  (a  thong,  whip),  l^yut  makra" 
^at.  See  Soonrge ;  aUo  Leash,  String* 
— (stroke  of  satire),  ys^  hajn.  See 
Sarcasm. — The  eye-lashes,  ^;A>-  jufn. 

Lash,  V.  j\^jalad;  (to  satirize),  ^jS^ 

hajdy  ^jio  ta^n,  [Maid. 

Lassy  s.^  hikr,  L^  iahiyat  See  Girl, 
Lassitnde,  t^^^nl  ta^db  (pi.  c^U^l  ai^h). 

See  Fatigne,  Weariness. 
Last,^;^T  akhlr.  The  last  day,  |*^>^  \ 

akhir  ytxwm.    The  last,  j:>^\  al  akhtr. 
Last,  9.  (on  which  shoes  are  made),  i^^li 

c^jT^f  halih  al  marhlh. 
[<ast,  r.  i*t  J  ddm,  /^\j  hdm. 
!iasting,  adj,  ajU  h&yim,  ^A^y  d&yim. 

See  Durable. 
iiBstingly,  UjU  kdyman,  t«j^fc>  ddyman. 

See  Darably,  Perpetually, 
^astingness,  j\j5  kardr,j\j^iSmJ  tatimrdr, 

^I^J  dawdmy  li«>Lj  9ahdL 

Astly,  in  the  last  place,  at  last,  |^^t 
akhlran.  [Jii  kafal. 

atch,  9.  (of  a  door),  jAi  ibf/f.   To  latch, 
atchets  (of  a  shoe),  ^j^  na^lln, 
ate,  jJaJ  5a<I,  iSjs\  ^Jaj  Jart  «/  W«- 

katj  ^<W^  fTlt^^f.     The  late,  ^f>^j^ 
marhnm.     See  Defunct. 
iteness,  ^  hatu.     See  Slowness. 
itent,  yJoJ^  mukhtafl,  c-^U  ^AdyiS. 
See  Concealed,  Hidden,  Secret 


Later,^^AsL|  dthlr.    See  Posterior. 
Lateral,  ^  U^ydmif ,  Sjo  tarafl,  15*^^ 

janbl.    See  Collateral. 
Latest,  ^^T  dhhlr. 
Lather  (froth  of  soap  and  water),  i^j 

^\^^  raghawat  a99dhHn^ 
Latin,  lyM?)  Idtlnf. 

Latitude,  ^js^  ^ard.  See  Breadth,  Widths 
Boom,  Extent,  Space.  A  degree  of 
latitude,  ^jOjM^^  ^j^  darqfat  al  ^ard, 

Latitudinarian,  9.  J^sr^  rmdhtd.  See  Un- 
believer. 

Latter,  y^^  \  dl^.  See  Modem,  Late.— 
The  latter  part,  ^11  aldkhir,  \jy  ward. 

Lattice,  9.  KJJL^  nuukhakai. 

Lattice,  r.  ViljC  ■  oi  9habak, 

Latticed,  (J.CuuL#  mmhabhalt. 

Laud,  v,a. .  J^  tnadah,  tXsr*  majfad.  How, 

then,  sbotild  I  abstain  from  praising  thee  as 
thou  deferrest,  and  lauding  thee  both  privately 
and  publicly  ?  Truly  I  will  thank  thee  for  thy 
benento  conferred  upon  me :  they  will  relieTO 
my  Borrow,  though  they  are  heavy  to  my  back, 

^JL  ^\j  Aft..  c3U  ^1 J  ^Ui 

m  m 


Laudable,  -.X«]l 


^Ij  t£^'t^  o^  meKM, 
muatah9anf  JLy^gw  hamld, 
^^iX«M«  mamdikh,  Landable  actions, 
ifju^:^.  JU3\  o/J^d/  hamidat,  ^Ij^ 
maddtfih,  (^J^  makdrtm,  jL«Ur*  »ui- 
hdmid,  Landable  quaHties,  c^LLi^ 
if  Ju^«i>-  «|/'d^  hamidat.  The  laudable 
qualities  of  your  Excellency,  «V«lfi^ 
Juf  jUmi  /»;^  ^  fnahdmid  toa  makdrim 
9a^datihim,  Laudable  endeavours, 
4l»-^«X4b^  ^Lmw«  ffUMd^i  fMmdahaL 

The  more  laudable  quaUties, 


LAW 


(772) 


LAW 


hamldat»  • 


LandablenesSy  (.jl^j  *f^f  ^'^  nuutih 
(pi.  ^Jk^  maddyih),  [duJh. 

Laadablj,  ^^Jui^  i^ii  ^  wqfhm  mam^ 

Lave,  v.n.  jUu  taghaual,  J^^bCLct  ^A^ 
m/,  v.0.  JyiMX  ghasdl.   Bee  Wash,  Bathe. 

Lavender,  tdJ^  ktwanda. 

Laugh,  v.KlS^iehek,  ^CSsf^Uh 

dahkah^M,  See  Deride,Hidicale,  Scorn. 
Laagh,  «.  d^ir^  ii%£.    A  load  laugh, 

^^^A^  iahkahah.    See  Laught^. 
Laugher,  «.  CX»-U  cJaAii^ 
Langhmg,  |Mir^  t^'wLg  i2aAii(. 
Laughingly,  ^^a^^jCXs^  hidiMm  wa 

hahkahah. 
Laughter,  CjCc*^  itiU. 
Layish,  ji3>,r>  ^  mtf^iir,  uJ;.^ma-/«  i»«m^, 

^l:;>^  mutlif.    See  Prodigal,  Profuse. 
Lavish,  «.  (.J^l  a9raf,jij  heaar,  i^JlJ 

fa/o/l  [Prodigal. 

Lavisher,  «.  ^Vr>^  mutUf,    See  Lavish, 
Lavishly,  (^|^|^  (^^  JSj  &i<lo^  to&i/Sn 

u^a  isrdf. 
Lavishness,  uJ\^l  Mra/.  See  Prodigality. 
Launch,  v.  (a  ship  into  the  sea),  c»  '^«m'> 

^r^^  ic3  ^.^.^^^f  nashab  al  markabfil 

Laundress,  «.iL!uuiy^«d^^.  A  laundry, 
Jl^^i  ffhassdl.  Give  my  linen  to  t^e 
laundress,  ^LJkU  ^Jum*£  ^Jacl  a^^{ 
ghaslll  m  gJuusdlah. 

Laureate,  laurelled  (crowned  or  adorned 
with  laurel),  Jji\»  jiLt  mukaUal  lU 
ghdr.  A  poet  laureate,  Li\^«^  t^^ 
tha^ir  dlwdnX, 

Laurel,  s,  ^dij  duflS,j\£.  gkdr. 

Law,  AA^Jikh;  (divine),  c^  «^^,  J^ 


(role,  custom),  ^^^  iojivii,  ij^li 
hd^uUU,jfmM}  dattur;  (zigfat,  eqctr, 
justice),  J9^  ibi,  £J\Jlc  ^, 
i^lojMmdf.  See  Edict,  Decree,  S> 
tute.  Custom,  Process. — ^The  holjl&v. 
JU^^l  ^/^^  Mhahari^  uthdmij^^. 
Learned  in  the  law,  9j^^  J^'  '^ 
M^AdT^,  i3si\  Jjbl  oA/  tf^yEIA.  Agree- 
able to  law,  aooording  to  law,  Ji'^ 
f/^^  tnuwdjUt  oMhar^  l5^  ^^'i' 
See  LawfuL — Contrary  to  kw,  vJi> 
c  ^1  JAUdf  oihshar^  A^  ^^^ 
See  Illegal. — ^Laws,  ^]j^  i^f . 
j^^j  ruiiim,  ^^a»-  hukok.  To  obsent 
the  laws  of  Mendship,  ^f^  J/T 
L^l  <f;'rii*  AtiAtlA  dl  muhMat,  TopU 
the  laws  in  execution^  s3^^^  ^/^ 
c^l  afra*  huknk  athahar^ 
Lawful,  -JL«  mubdh,  ^/y^  ^artJ,  Jl> 

muwdfik  ashahar^  Mhsharif^jA^  jaf!^ 
A  lawful  witness,  J  jU  JJ^lJi  «^ 
^a<^a.  To  be  lawful,  JLw  Aoldl.  1i 
make  lawful,  Jl^-Ao^Zo/.  See  Legalist 
— To  consider  as  lawful,  (j2Cw»^  utdd 
Lawfully,    \x^   ahar^,   ZiuyLll  ^ 

thari^at,   JiJh   HI  fud&l.     BidH 

lawfully  acquired,  J)L>-  ^L»  wal  Ji^l 

And  I  haye  left  my  kin^om  on  thr  a£^ 
and  our  meeting  now  is  a  wonderml  e^jki 
dence.  Arise,  uen,  and  descend  to  me.  ib^ 
may  go  with  thee  to  the  palace  of  thr  f^t^-i 
ana  ask  my  uncle  to  make  peaee,  to  rei<5J 
thy  fiiiher,  and  then  to  mairy  thee  kwr'..] 

Uc^ij  cs^i  ^^^LL.  K^y  jj  J 


jUjJI 


•t     <• 


i\ 


'3Lff 


^\^\  ^  ^\^  JU_,  CSJ^^ 


(773) 


LEA 


Lawfalness,  ifOjJL  iharl^at,  il\tXc  ^a- 

ddlat.     See  Jastiee. 
Law-giver  or  maker,  »,  ^J<^  ihdrt^ 

^y  U) \  fffSdi^  dl  MniLn,         {M^idat, 
Lawless,  c^  )b  hila sharpy  iS£\jlj  htld 

Lawlessly,  ZjJ^j^  ^  min  ghayr  shar^ 

Lawn,  s,  (open  space  between  woods), 

^Iju^  mlddn. 
Law-suit,   s.   fc/^*3    da^a\    or   \^t} 

da^d,  <Ui^  hadtffot,  JljuL^  murd/a^a^, 
cU3  msd^,  J^;l:w«  iraunSsa^o^  (pi. 
iJi;U|L^ munasui^d^), JUm^Ut^  mukhd- 
satnat,  i^ya:>-.  khutumat^]^!,  L2j\ytya:>' 
JthurQmdt).  To  carry  on  a  law-soit, 
^Ij  rdfa^.  An  adversary  in  a  law- 
suit, ^<£J^  mtole^^l. 
Lawyer,  t,   ^jjLs^  mutasharri^   4U3 

Lax,   ^j^2mj^  mustarkhl,  f^j  rakhUL, 

See  Loose,  Slack. 
Laxation,  U^^l  UOrkhd,  Jlf^iit  wAcE/. 
Laxative,  (JfuM^  mushih     A  laxative, 

^^^-y  murakhkhHf  i^;^  mulayyin, 
X^axity,  laxness,  Ifv.^  ra^M,  i^^l^j  ra;^A- 

dwat.     See  Looseness,  Slackness. 
L.ay,  f .  .(place),  ^^  tc^oic^^,  ^^  tarah. 

To  lay  or  spread  carpets^  etc.,  IimJ 
5a«7^,  ipii  farash.  To  lay  down  (de- 
posit as  a  pledge),  ^j  rahan;  (to 
quit,  resign),  C/jj  iarak,jjB^  hajar\ 

(to  advance  as  a  {proposition),  ^^\j  a  JJ 

kaddam  rdy.  To  lay  hold  of,  (J,Cn^ 
tnesek.  See  Seize,  Catch. — To  lay  on 
(taxes,  etc.),  ujLSUcJI  «.  JI9  t4frah  at- 

tahdhf.  See  Impose. — To  lay  on,  lay 
at  (beat),  ^/^  dardb.  See  Strike. — 
To  lay  open,^^\  Mhar.    See  Expose^ 


Show. — To  lay  oat  (expend), 
taraf,  -.^  kharqf;  (to  display),^^ 
{ohar,  u-iui^  kasha/.  See  Discover. — 
To  plan,  arrange,  Ja3  noMtn.  See 
Dispose,  Contrive. — To  lay  oneself  oat 
(make  an  exertion),  ^^yw»  ia^a'.  See 
Endeavoor. — To  lay  to  one's  charge 
(accuse),  yJ^\  Uhtaka'.  To  lay  to 
(apply  wiUr  vigour),  2rJ^p*  J^  J^ix 
^mdl  hoi  jdhdaho.  To  lay  together, 
w4tf^  jama^  See  Collect. — To  lay 
eggs,  'k^^\i  hddat.  To  lay  a  wager, 
^^\j  rdhan.     See  Wager,  Bet. 

Layer,  8.  Cl^lS  hdt,  ilio  Mala. 

Layman,  «.  t<«^  ^dmmf. 

Lazar,  «.  ifiji^  abras.     See  Leper. 

L^    kdrantlfM.      See 


Lazaretto,    «^ij ..  rj 
Hospital. 

Lazily,  J^uuJj  liJuual. 

Laziness,  ^ILj  hatdlat,    JUibf  i%md/, 
Jyu«^  jlosff/.  See  Idleness,  Sluggishness. 

Lazy,  Jili  ^M^,  ^L^i"  toton.     See 
Idle,  Indolent,  Sluggish,  Slow,  Tedious. 

Lead,  ^^j  ra8d$. 

Lead,  r.  l--***?^  9ahab,j9^  j(Wr  4)15  ^J- 
See  Draw,  Carry. — ^To  guide,  J  J  doll; 
(to  induce),  (j«o^  harrad.  See  Per- 
suade, Prevail. — To  lead  about  or 
round,  j^ J  <^trt(»ir.  To  lead  an  army, 
J^\c>\i  kdd  al  ^aikar.      To  lead 

astray,  Jj  daU.     See   Seduce. — To 
lead  back,  jUl  £i^d(^,  t^J  ^W^f 
Lead  (first  place),  j J^  tadr.    To  give 
the  lead,  jxA\  ^  Ak>-  Ao^^iV^  /l/ 

8adr.  Lead  (guidance),  SjLS  hiyddaL 
Leader,  «.  Jjli  Aay»i,  aIj^  mukddm, 

aUI  amdm.    The  leader  of  an  army, 

^;£uje^  JjU  kdyid  aljaysh. 


LEA 


(774) 


£EA 


Leading  (showing  fhe  way),  ai/'.  J  J1<3 
fji)^\  dalalattarfki  (principal),  ^X^\ 
iull,  jik«  muHak.     See  Chief. 

Leaf,  8.  (of  a  tree),  iJj^  warakat  (pL 
j^^l  4Hordk).  A  leafy  idieet,  or  thin 
plate,  C^  j;j9  ioM  fonoi^,  i^iLc 
d^  iofihat  ianah  A  leaf  of  paper, 
^j  ^^^  ialhiyat  warak.  See  Sheet. 
The  leaf  of  a  book,  (^fA:^  ^J^^^  ^hl- 
fai  kim  (pL  tJjUr^  iah&yif).  To 
fltrip  a  tree  of  its  leaves,  (J^jj^  ^j>- 
je^\  jwad  awrdk  4unyar  {jtajar  vulg. 
for  shqfar).  The  leaf  of  a  door,  ^/<a^ 

Leafless,  ^\j^\  ^t«  mdlaho  awrdk. 

Leafy,  ^jy  muwarrak. 

League,  a.  Jl^c  ^ahd,  \9jJ^  shart,  iljJbU/t 
mu^ahadat,  ^\su\itt^ky  t^Lsrl  ittihdd. 
See  Confederacy,  Combination. — To 
league  or  enter  into  a  league,  l^L4x 

ijJbljc«  ^amalu  ma^dhadatf  \^\ss^ 
iahdlafiL.  See  Confederate. — ^To  ob- 
serve a  lei^ue,  J^t  t^d.^  meaek 
al^ahd.  To  break  a  league,  J^f^^iAi 
nakfid  al^akd,  A  written  les^ue,  J^ 
^li  ^aM  ndma. 

Leagues,  J^  ^«Avi,  ^J:^^\^  mawditlh 

Leagued,  J^^t*  mattahid. 

League,  «.  (parasang,  three  miles),  ^^ 
farsakh,  J^  mf^. 

Leak, «.  ^Jj^  Mk,    A  leak  in  a  ship,  ^JJ^ 

^,^^jA^\j  shik  hilmarkdb. 
Leak,  v.  (of  a  ship),  t«  J,4x  ^oma/  trad, 

fJJ^\  inshak. 
Lean,  t^.  (incline  against),  ^S3\  ittaka\ 

jomJ  1  insanad.  See  Eedine. — To  lean 
upon  a  staff,  liju  ia^Is^km.  To  lean 
against  a  wall,  JOuuuj^  insanad.  To  lean 
*Qr  be  in  a  bending  posture^  JU  ma/. 


See  Stoop.— To  lean  to  a  aide  (to  be 

partial),  J^  JU  miU  iU. 
Lean  (not  fat),  i,i;*f<^  imi^/^  (.Ja^ 

ia^l/.     The  lean  (ef  meat),  ^  Jdr. 

Fat  and  lean,  ^H^^^  kakr  mc  ibk. 

To  lie  or  grow  lean,  i^Jiue  iS^^i^  Ju 

t^Jup^  9drnaklf.  To  make  lean,  kJib; 

da^'^f. 
Leanness,  u-oaJ  ivc/l 
Leap,  «.  liJ  miyjAS  hamiot.     See  Jmep. 

Overleap,  Fly,  Start— To  leap  (is  * 

horse  does  a  mare), -.U?  ^A.  SeeCorer. 

Leap,  8.  XJa3  naitai,  ijH  kafiai.    See 

Jump,  Spring.  [.u**ir^  t^"  ^^'^ 

Leap-year,  Lm^^  mmat  idbU^,  *U 

Learn,  9.  (gain  the  knowledge  of),  Jx- 
ta^aUam.  To  teach,  JL^  ^aUam.  Ta 
teach  and  learn,  Jju^  Jls  ^offon  w 
ta^dhm.  To  learn  by  heart,  laio-  ^^ 

Learned,  JU  ^lim,  As,  c,,>^'v.Lg  «atf 

mu^m.  See  SkilM,  Knowing.— A 
learned  man,  Jlc  Jsfy  r<yW  ^4/ib. 
Learned  men,  ^Lsyi^  c^ls^f  oMkahwa^' 

^ifat,  Ulc  ^f«2(fmd,  U^I>^  Mcibund.  And 

he  had  learned  writing  and  reading,  and  htsterr 
and  grammar  and  pbilology,  and  arcberr;  a^ 
he  learned  to  play  with  the  spear,  and  fie  ^ 
learned  horaemanflhip,  and  all  that  the  §«&$  it 

ttke  kings  required,  k.s)\  <*-LkJ  jl^ 

Learnedly,  Jx  J^  Ukd  ^tlm. 

Learning,  «.  Jlc  ^i7ffi,  ^yt.^  mtf^rj^ 
Af3  Jukm.    See  Knowledge,  SdcDoe, 

Skill.— Desirous  of  learning,  Uxk^I^ 

tdlib  ipm.    A  learner,  Ju^Jj  I«6m^ 


LEA 


(775) 


LEO 


(^Jo^  mubtadi. 

jeasBf  i.  (of  a  farm,  etc.),  j\p^\  qfdr, 
To  lease,  jp^l  Ajar.   To  take  oa  lease, 

jpr^^  ^i&j^*  [Strap. 

Jeaah,  «.  juS  kayd.    See  Band,  Thong, 

[least,  adj.  Ji0a\  oighar,  J31  aJudf  bol 
adn& ;  {ado.  in  the  lowest  degree),  (Jof 
^^  U  adna  md  yakHn.  At  least,  ^^ 
fffolaw. 

Leather,  jlf^  /liU  (plur.  ^^^  jtdad). 
Horooco  or  Cordova  leather,  ^IcLsr* 
sakhtiyan.  Bed  leather,  jj>-  hawr.  A 
leather  sword-belt,  cfl^l  JOJ  hand  09- 

Moyf,   A  leather-dresser,  4U  J  dahhdgh. 

See  Tanner,  Carrier. — To  dress  leather, 
^tiddbagh.  See  Curry,  Tan.  A  leather 
seller,  ^l^*^  cl^  hiyyH^  sakhtiydn, 
j1>-  cLj  hayyd^jUd. 
Leathern,  A^  ^  minjild. 

ELieave,  ij\p^\  ifd%ai,  ^ji  «s».  Leave  to 
depart,  Juofl^  rukhiat,  j^J  dastUr. 
See  Permission,  Allowance. — To  ask 
leave,  i^jl^-t  l,;^  taM  tj'dsuU,  ^^M^ 

jf^ J  ialab  dastUr.  To  take  leave,  &iSj 
f<^ai2i20^.  See  Pare  well. — To  give  leave, 
5j^\  ^J^  (t^ta*  ifdnai.  See  Permit. 
I^eave,  v.  \lSj  iaraiky  ys^  hafar.  See 
Desert,  Porsake,  Belinqaish. — To  be- 
queath or  leave  at  death,  i^^  wahah, 
^^^  toai9a\    To  leave  out  (omit),  Jn^\ 

ahmal.    To  leave  a  remainder  of  any 
thing  (to  suffer  to  remain),  ^Jj\  dbka\ 

To  leave  one's  affidrs  to  another's  care, 

J\  i^jdU  JLi  9attam  ihuyMaho  %la\    So 

the  ^dener  chai^ged  him  to  use  the  utmost 
caution  in  concealing  himself^  and  he  left  him 

and  departed,  ^Iaj  ijl  •;  ,>,mJ\  «L»^li 


Leaved  (having  foliage),  jV^jf  ^  Uho 

awrdk. 
Leaven,  ij*^^  khamlrat      [mukhtamir. 

Leavened,  ^4».sr*  mtiAAammar,  ^^.A;:^.cr^ 
Leaves  (pi.  of  leaf),  jj;;^^  awrdk. 
Leavings,  Cl^Lib  hdkiydt,  \j\Jb  hakdyd. 
Lecher,  a.  ^J,\J  %dnl.  See  Whoremaster. 
Lecherous,  ^\i  fdiik.  See  Lascivious, 
Lustful.  [wat  wa  JUk. 

Lecherously,  J**J,  l^  Jj  hikol  skah^ 

Lechery,  lecherousness,  i^^  ahahwat. 
See  Lewdness,  Lasciviousness. 

Lection,  iV^  kiraat.    See  Beading. 

Lecture,  a.  t^lluw  khitdh.  A  public  lec- 
ture, ^U  c-i^lLfw  khitdh  ^dm.  To  lee- 

ture,  ^/m;^  darraa.    A  lecturer,  (jm^X* 

Led  (|?ar^.  ^lead),  o\jLy9  munkdd. 
Ledger,  a,jiiti  da/tar,  j^^\  jii J  daftar 

al  kahir.    See  Account-book. 
Led-horse,  a.  Cioj  yoio^. 

Leech,  a.  ijilc  ^alakat  (pi.  J^U  ^aAiil*)« 

Leek,  «.  Cj|^  kurrda. 

Leer, «.  2[^j|j  soura.    To  leer,' ^^ J  Mawar, 

Lees,  J^  iahl,^^  ^akar.    See  Dregs. 

Leeward,  ,^J\  v::..-^ac?  M^  orriA. 

Left  {part,  of  leave),  df^y:^  matruk, 

Left  (not  right),  jLj  yaadr,  JU^  «Ai- 
mdl  To  the  left,  JU/Jl  J\  t^' 
aahahimdl.  The  left  wing  of  an  army, 
S^MiM^  mayaarat.  To  the  right  and 
left,  if*^^  iu^ty^.  maymanat  wa  may* 
aarat.   Left-handed,  ujf^/t*^  ^nurdwl. 

I^g>  «•  J^^  «A^-  Calf  of  the  leg,  LU 
jUl  hdt  aaadk. 

I^g&cji  <•  ^^  waaiyai.  [tarakdt). 

Legacies,   l^jj   tarakat    (pL   ci^l^ 


LEO 


(776) 


LEN^ 


Legal,  ^j^^  d^V*  tnuwdfik  oihshar^f 
^j^  ihar^.    See  Lawfdl. 

Legality,  4^;^  Bahhat.    See  Lawfulness. 

Legalize,  r.  ^^j^  ^^^^  ^malah4>  »har^, 
JL^hattal. 

Legally,    Ityl   shar^nf  )DL»-    haldlan, 

Legatary,  «.  legatee  (one  who  receives 
a  legacy),  ^  l<<^^  muwassa'  Idho. 
•  Legator,  b,  ^^y  muwassl.  See  Testator. 

Legate,  legation,  (J^y*  J^^  wakll  mur- 

9al.     See  Delegate,  etc. 
Legend   (inscription),    j^j  rasm,    ^j 

rakam;    (memorial,   relation),  ^l^l»- 
hikdyat.      See  History,    Chronicle. — 
An  incredible  legend,  ^Jutf;.7ll  ^l^ 
hikdyat  Id  tutasaddak. 
Legged,  jL>  a]  2eiAo  «d^.     To  sit  cross- 

legged,  j-jjy  *x«3  ^^a(l  ^ariic^,  j-jy 

Legible,  cir;AiJ  yunhari;  t^y-^  mvhro^. 
Legion,  «.  J^jy  fa/rik,  Jc^  >n<?  (pi. 

jlirj-1  ofwdflf),  j^lt  ^aJfir  (pi.  -ol^ 

^atc^d&ir). 
Legislation,  ^y  liill  ^o^  wada^  alkdnun, 

^\^!t  Jaj  nmam  ashshardyt^f  «^^ 

^UmJ\  wada^  ashshardyi^. 
Legislative,   ^]^1  u^^  yukhvs  ash- 

ahardyi^,  L5*iir**  *^ray^f. 
Legislator,  s.  fj^  shdri^,  ^j^USl  j-^\^ 

ashahardyi^.     See  Lawgiver. 
Legislature,  ^|^1<^«i^  ifyi  ^fitra^  t(?a(7g 

ashshardyi^. 
Legitimacy,  J1L>-  Aa/aJ. 
Legitimate,   JL>-  jjj  t(uZ<M^  ^a/dJ.     To 

legitimate,    J5U-  jJ^  <jUii    ^amdaho 

walad  haldL 


the  Khaleefeh  had  ffone  forth  with  Jaafo^  t:^ 

IMIflS 

her  _ 
lane,  and  saw  there  an  ola  man  with  a  m^  £xi 


ffoni 
Mesroor,  and  they  had  iMbssed  thitvoirh 
of  the  market-street^ 


Legitimacy,  fj>^  hai,  ^^s^  mMat 
Legitimation,  JlU-  d^\  J-*^  fsmd  *• 

nako  haldh 
Legume,  5ya:>-  thudrai. 
Leisure,  ^Lo^ /ur»at,  <z^^^  wMj  u*j 

rawdkat,  il^LoJ  faddwat.    And  i^a 

le  forth 

I  iMiflsed 

ther  proceeded  ale? 

I  ola  man  with  anet£ 
basket  upon  his  head^  and  a  staff  in  hk  hn&l 
walking  at  his  leisure,   and  redting  ihs 

verses,  -i-«j-  wt  4  b  ;l  t^^  Jji  Ui 

^  ^l  L5^  1^'^=^  ^^y  J'l' 

Leisurely,    at  leisure,   leisurahly,  JL; 

^^^j  hikol  rawdkat. 
Lemon,  «.  ^mJ  laymiin.    Lemon  joke. 

^^^•JJf  t«  md  <i^  2aymiifi« 

Lemonade,  Ijlj^^J  laymiknadd. 

Lend,  9.  (money),  ^j<9^  karad;  (goadi\ 

^Ic  ^dr.     To  lend  without  intens; 

v-iLa  «a/^.  [ib-i(e^,^^^ib«  «ik»'. 

Lender,  *.  ^^Xe  mMdbyym,  ijOjL9  m- 

Length,  J^  iul.     The  lengUi  of  tbf 

neck,  JpjJ!  J^  ^/  a/  ^«iii.    Lecgtii 

of  time,  if  J^  muddai,  J\*ys^\  vntidi^ 

See  Duration. — Length  and  hieidth, 

ijOjC^  fjjb  till  ioa  ^orJ.     In  leo^ 

and  breadth,  ^j^^  Ijt  talan  tea  ^ 
dan.  Extended  in  length,  Jj^  «•- 
tawwal,  ^^^  tawiL  According  to  tz^ 
length,  J^\  v^,,.^-w  hasah  attiil.  M 

length,''!^  tulan,  J^b  hitt^.    A*, 
length,  Oi^.  \^^\  akhlnm. 
Lengthen,  v.  (make  long),  ^JJW  tmet^L 
See  Extend,  Protract, — (to  grow  hoi: . 

Lengthwi8e,^JIjt  tulan,  J^U  W«/, 


LES 


(777) 


LET 


Lenienty  lenitive  (mitigating,  softening), 
^jlL«  mulayyin.    A  lenient,  lenitive, 

^^^i^  mulayyin.  [Assuage. 

Lenify,  v.  ^  hyyan.     See  Mitigate, 
Lent  {part,  of  lend),  jU^  mu^dr,  ^^Jl^ 

makrud;  (a  time  of  abstinence),  a^ 
j^f^^  sawm  al  JtaMr, 
Lentil,  «.  (jmJx  ^adas. 
Leo  (sign),  AJi\  ^j)  hufj  al  iud.     See 

Constellation,  Lion. 

Leonine,  4^«X«}f  asadl. 

Leopard,  ».  J^fahd, 

Leper,  8.  ^j\  abras. 

Leprosy,  ^j)  haras. 

Leprons,  ^j)\  ahras.    See  Leper. 

X/eas,  JjI  akk(d.  More  or  less,  Jil  ^^\ 
dktar  aw  akkal.  Less  (in  a  lower  or 
smaller  degree),  ^x^t  asghar. 

X^essee,  b,  (one  who  takes  a  lease  of  a 
farm),  gg^Cr^M*^  mmtahrl.         [grade. 

Jjeasen,  «.  JU  kaUal.  See  Diminish,  De- 

I^esson,  «.  (admonition),  ^^Uaj  luwZAa^, 
<^jy'J  tanhih,  ^dac^  fnatr^osa^.  A 
scholar's  lesson,  {jmjJ  dars.  To  receive 
a  lesson,  {jmj*^  d^\  akhan  dors.  To 
lesson  or  give  a  lesson,  ^j^  darras, 
j^^^J^Jac^  flcto'  <for«.     0  my  mis- 

tress,  I  was  not  bom  with  onl^  one  eye.  I 
haTe  a  verj  wonderfiil  stoTj,  wluch,  if  written, 
would  serre  as  a  lesson  to  him  who  would  be  ad- 


monished, ^^t  LZjSi^  tt  \j\  vjj>,.;.>,lb 

J^  ylb  ^::^^  ^^-^  il^  ^^ 

X^essor,  $.  (one  who  gives  the  lease  of  a 
farm),  4^-^  muiri. 

I>8t,  LS  /ia/25,  V  %^-    So  when  the 

King  heard  the  words  of  her  brother  his 
reason  fled,  in  consequence  of  his  fear  lest  the 
damsel  should  accept  the  proposal  of  her  bro- 
ther, and  he  could  not  preTent  her,  though  he 
was  inflamed  with  lore  of  her ;  wherefore  he 
became  perplexed,  in  yiolent  fear  of  her  sepa- 


ration, jlLlf^fwl  ^K  (JlXL«J1  w4iMd  UlJ 
^1^  JJ3  J  ijj\J\  Jx  lip.  die 

l^\^.    So  his  mother  said  to  him,  Do 

as  thou  wilt,  but  beware  of  speaking  mdely  to 
him  when  thou  addressest  him,  for  tnou  know- 
est  his  yiolenoe  of  temper  and  his  power,  and 
I  fear  lest  he  make  a  violent  attack  upon  thee, 
since  he  knows  not  the  dignity  of  any  one, 

^1   UJU^I^  *  ^UjLLi^    aiiU>-    l^jJLJ 

Let,  V,  (allow),  ijlf^f  15^^  ^t^'  ifdMatf 
Zas>^j  ^JasS  a^*  rakhsat,!:^  hhaRa\ 

See  Permit,  Suffer. — (to  hinder),  ^^ 
mana^  See  Oppose,  Obstmot,  Forbear. 
— To  let,  or  let  out  for  hire,  ^j^  ham^y 
j>'\  ajair*  To  let  blood,  v. a,  ii^foMdy 
v.n.  tXt^l  infasad.  To  let  in,  J^J 
dakhkhai.  See  Admit. — To  let  out  (al- 
low to  go  out),  ^}j^  f;W"^  \J^ 
a^  ijoMai  lil  khuriif.   To  let  off  a  gun, 

ifjjj\^\  ^^  kaunpas  al  hdr&di.  See 
Discharge,  Gun. — ^To  let  slip  an  oppor- 
tunity, Ji^j!i\  CL^y  fawtaat  al  fur$ah. 
Let,  i^J^  mttkri*     See  Hired.     He 

therefore  said  to  him,  0  king,  let  us  return  to 
thy  mother  and  acquaint  her  with  the  case, 
and  I  will  ask  her  to  permit  me  to  take  thee 
with  me,  and  demand  in  marriage  for  thee  the 

Queen  Joharah,  l:xj  CSLt  U  ^  JU5 

Lethargic,  (JL«i  mbdtl,  j^L^Li  ghatihydn. 
Lethargy,  ci^L^  iubdiy  c:.9LJ\  ^j^ 

marad  assuhdt 
Letter,  «.  (of  the  alphabet),  t^Jj^  harf 


LET 


(778) 


LEX 


(pi.  Ui-ij^  Atirfl/),  The  letters  of  the 

alphabet,  Lsrl  uJj^;>-  Aurft/  al  hqfd ; 

(written  character),  ^ij  rakam  (pi.  a^j 

rukam).    To  repeat  the  letters  of  the 

alphabet,   iVf^   tahajja\    Letter  by 

letter,  uJ^c^yS^  Aoi^  ^'  harf.   A 

letter  (epistle),  c,j>^^^  fl»aib^fi5,  ^La^ 

rudlat.  Friendly  letter,  ^^cr^  ^-^J»^ 
I9ki^^il5  muhabhat  Boyal  or  imperial 
letters,  letters  patent,  ^l^yi  ./Swinan. 

Letters  superscribed  by  the  king's  own 
heaid,i^jJ^]a:Lkhat9harif.  Consola- 
tory letters,  <LLj  ^^ICt  mukdHh  tat- 
liyai.  Congratolatory  letters,  l^^UL« 

<U:^  fnukaM  tahniyat.  Letter  of  at- 
testation, notarial  letter,  i  jlfl  i^jS^ 
makHh  ihahddat.  Submissive  or  sup- 
plicatory letter,  d^^-Jx^\  ^jii^  mah- 

tub  tstirhdm.  Letter  of  apology, 
j\^\i^^:LtfMkiiiH^twar.  Letters 
of  recommendation  or  intercession, 
^  y^y  (w-^jjLCf  mukdtlh  tawiiyai. 
Threatening  letter,  Ju^  J^  ^f^  ^f^' 
tub  tahdld.  A  letter  or  bill  of  exchange, 
^y^polma,ii\y>'hawSlat.  See  Ex- 
change.— ^A  letter-carrier,  ^^yl^f  JjU 
ndkil  (d  makt^.  See  Carrier. — Send- 
ing letters  to  one  another,  ^lLj|^  mu- 
rdsalai,  aLjlL«  mukdtdbiU,  A  letter 
sent  by  a  pigeon,  XilLj  batakat.  To 
write  letters,  v,..^lC«  4.^  Jcatab  mu- 
iibd^f^.    Tb  break  the  seal  of  a  letter,  to 

burst  it  open,  i^fiji\  ^p^  CSa  fah 

khatm  ol  maktub.    The  forms  of  letter 
writing,  a  collection  of  letters,  luj\ 
insha.    The  corer  of  a  letter,  XjliJ 
lifdfatf  <^.it>«  mughaUaf. 
Letter,   v.  (stamp  with  letters),   ^j 


immi^jB^,  ^J<^  vada^  tatk&n  bi  kr«/, 

i-JyjO^.  J^  ^Mtm  bi  htr^. 

Lettered,  Af  v.^.^\^  #aM  ^On.    See 

Learned. 
Lettuce,  ^^/«^  itA«f .        [bUstd  otAdbri. 

Levant,  ^^^^aL«J1  o/  mathrak^  j^l  jl 

Level,  0^^'.  ,J^**^  mtuattah,  li^  krii. 

See  Even,  Fkt— To  level,  ^  Mtk, 

\aJLj  basMt.     To  be  level,  .^^}* 

9dr  nnuattah.  To  level  ground,  Jf^^ 
^  «S1  <aMa/  al  ard.  To  level  or  taike 
aim,  ^luL*3  J^^  oibto  nUk&%,  Tolerel 
a  cannon,  ^«X4]\  [j^  naythamdlmd- 
fa^  L^f^Wjj^  horror  atiawb. 

Level, «.  (plain),  ^^^ Ju^  mlddnj  Jf^as^- 
SeePlain. — (rate,  standard)  ,jLt  ^ipr, 
^Jj  loosit;   (equality  of  rank,  etCv 

Mi  ^1 

djj\A^  mukdranat;  (proportion),^U4 
mundsabat,  iliJl^  muwd/akaij  oiL' 
tasdtoi,  ^lk«  mtUdbaktU,      The  leTK 

of  a  gun,  ^yia^\  (^^^  ni^Adii  o^toi 

Levelled,  ^"^  mtmUah. 

Leveller,  9.  J^***^  mu9attih. 
Levelness,  i\^\*u^  mtudwdt,  \y:^\  ittiva, 
ijyjjj  ta9wiyat.  See  Equality,£^enn6& 
Lever,  «.  ^i:L&  ^a^M. 
Leveret,  9.  jJ^  ^^r^^  amah  MoglAf. 
Levite,  9,  levitical,  i^J  Idvfi. 
Levity,  iiS^  khtffat.  Levity  of  behavio&r. 

£L>-  khiffat,  (w^^liJl  ^Lc^  mtco^  41^ 
kaUtib,    See  Inconstancy. 

Levy,  v.  (troops),  jL.m*£>  A  lam  uuiar 
To  levy  (collect)  tribute  or  taxes,  J 
4jc^t  Jtt  fern  m^/  olmiH. 

Lexicographer,  «.  ^^M^Li  t^g  v.,>g*^  0i»' 
9annnif  kdmu9. 


LIB 


(779) 


UC 


Lexicography,  iiil\  Ar.  ^i7m  dlloghU.  A 
lexicon,  lsM\  (^\zS  kiM  dlloghat, 
^J^^jf  UHyamdn,  ^/M^li  kdmHs. 

Liable  (not  exempt),  ^\  (jOjft^  mu^ad 

tUff  ^  JL>^^  ghayr  idlm  mm.  See 
Obnoxious. — Liable  to  indispoaition, 
^j^  ^  t^^"**^  fnubtah /I  marad. 
Liable  to  eiror  or  mistake^  LLi!!  d^-^oT 
iaht  ai  ghalat. 

Liar,  $.  <^il^  kduh,  (^\ji  taadh 
(fern.  i)J^  kdMtbai),  To  prove  one  a 
liar,  f^^  kanab.    See  Give  the  lie. 

Libel,  8.  ^w-;l2^  Ittdh  haja.  See 
Satire,Defamation;  Aocu8ation,Gharge. 
To  libeL     See  Satiriae. 

Libeller,  ^^s»-lj^  ^'t.     See  Satirist 

Libellous.     See  Defetmatory. 

Xiiberal  (munificent),  i<^  takkl,  ^ J^ 
karim.  Of  liberal  extraction,  «— A£  i^ 
»har\f,    -nOJiJI  f^j^   karim  al  ^asr. 

Liberal  (polite),  wjl  c^^^^-L^  sahib 
adah, 
Xiberality,  /^^  karam,  Is*^  iakhd,  i^\js!^ 

sakhdwatf  J^  jud.     See  Generosity. 

When  fortune  is  liberal  to  thee,  be  thou  liberal 
to  all  others  before  she  escape  from  thee ;  for 
liberality  will  not  annihilate  thy  wealth  when 
she  is  faToonble,  nor  aTarioe  preserre  it  when 

she  deserteth  thee,  U^ jJt  cl^jU*  I j\ 

moan  her,  while  they  sleep  who  are  free  from 
lore ;  and  the  winds  of  desire  have  made  sport 
with  me!  I  haye  sacrificed  with  liberality 
my  tears,  my  wealth,  m^  heart,  my  reason, 
and  my  sonl;  and  yet  hberalibr  is  the  gain 
itself!  The  worst  of  all  kinds  of  eyil  and 
Texation  is  hostility  experienced  from   the 

beautiful !  ♦  jiU  ^^^1j  ^H-ic  ^y\ 


Liberally,  /^^^  0^  J^  hikoljudin  wa- 
karam,  i^\sr*  fjij  likol  sakh&ufot. 

Libertine,  t.  (dissolute),  ^|j  %anltj>M 
fdjW^jjt^  mu^ttar,  ^JtJj  fdsik.  See 
Licentious. — (irreligious),  (Jj\:>^  mti- 
ndfik.     See  Impious. 

Libertinism  (dissoluteness),  if^f^  ahah- 
wot,  ^^  hawc^ ;  (impiety),  yi  kufr, 
jLbi  fat&d, 

^_  ss     '* 

Liberty,  <0y>-  hwrriyaL  See  Freedom. 
— (exemption),  2flsU^  mu^fdh.  See 
Priyilege,  Immunity. — (relaxation  of 
restraint),  Jf&^t  %U&k\  (leave),  S)U-I 
ifdaat,  i^a^j  rukhsat.  See  Permission. 
—To  set  at  liberty,  j;ik1  aOak,  fj^ 
khaUoi.    See  Free. 

Libidinous,  (J|^fM)  «AAAtcrS»l.  See  Las- 
civious, Lustful. 

Libidinously,  j^fl^jnuwi  J^  hikol  JUk 
wathahwat.     See  Lasciriously. 

Libra,  ^^^j^\  ^j»  hurj  at  misdii.  See 
Constellation. 

Librarian,  «.  v,.^*X  c\L  hayyd^  kiUb. 

Library, «.  L^kuthiyat,ijiL^maktahat, 

Libration,  ZJ  jU^  mu^ddakU. 

Lice  {pi.  of  loxue),  J^  iam/.  See  Louse. 

License,  S^L»>-  joidrai,  ]/>>'\  ijtird. 
See  Liberty,  Licentiousness. — (permis* 
sion),  ij^^  tjdnat,  iias^j  rukhoat, 
^j\  4m.  See  Liberty. — To  license 
(permit),  ijU-t  ^Jaet  a^*  ijdnat 

Licentious,  u,\  4if»  >♦  mtm^mtii&,  «j:.JU 
/sM,  ^^L2i  ihMkh  See  Insolent,  Pre- 
sumptuous* 

Licentiously,  2^lL&  jXi  5iib/  thakdtcat. 

Licentiousness,   if^lUi   «AAbltmi^,   a. 
ia^  ^fdam  dabt. 


LIE 


(780) 


UG 


Lick,  V.  (with  the  tongne),  (^/^  laJuu^ 
^Jfi  Ja^ai;  (to  beat),  ^j^  darab. 
To  lick  up,  «Jlj  hala^,  t^^  ihiala^ 
See  DeTOnr. 

Lick  or  licking,  «.  (with  the  tongue), 
^j^t^a^  lahs,  4u*c)  Jahaat;  (a  blow), 
i>^  darhat.  Licked  with  the  tongue, 

(^^-sT*   nudhiLi;    (beat),    L^jj.,a^ 
madruh.     Anything  licked  (or  that 

may  be  licked),  ^y^  malhiU,     A 

licker,  ^^^m^S  Idhit;  (beater),  l^j\^ 

darib. 
Lickerish  (nice  in  eating),  ^ju^  f^f^h 

hjJL  9haHh,  See  Delicate,  Squeamish, 

Ghreedj,  Gluttonous. 
Lickerishness,  9Ji»  %hara1^iJb\jJ^  thar&hat. 
Licorice,   (jywj«i   iiU,   ^jayJiS  J^   ^h 

Lid,  9,  {pi  a  yessel),  Uai  ghatd.  See 
Cover. — ^The  eye-Ud,  ^^^i>-  jafn  (pi. 
^U>-t  ajfdn).  The  hair  of  the  eye- 
lids, ^^^\jJiit  sha^  aljafn. 

Lie,  «.  c-^  j^  i^tsd.  To  giro  the  lie,  t^d^ 
hauah.  To  lie  or  tell  a  lie,  <^d^  keub. 

Lie,  V.  (recline),  ^Sj\  attaka\  JJuJ  to- 

maddad.  See  Lean,  Best. — To  lie  hid, 
Jgj>A  %kJUafa\  To  lie  in  prison, 
^^MM^U  Jue  ib^a^  3iZ  hobs.  To  lie 
down  (take  repose),  -.1^1  utardh. 
To  lie  under  (to  be  subject  to),  ^^^} 
ibtM,  To  lie  upon  (become  an  obli- 
gation or  duty),  fj>^J^  sdr  hdk.  To 
lie  with  (as  man  with  woman),  ^U^ 

Lieutenant,  «.  aIL«  ^IS  idytm  ma^m, 

wjU  ndyibf  ^^^  wdkll  (pL  )i^^  fru- 
1»^) ;  in  the  army,  d^jLt  mtd&tim. 

Lieutenancy,  lieutenantship,  ii\j  niya* 
hat,  4)1^  wdkdlaL 


I 


JMe^jAs-  ^flMir,  JL>-  isySt.     The  prfr- 
sent  life  (this  world).  JU1  \  jj^  ibdn 

a/  ^lam.  The  life  to  eome,  Tux' 
iFjLJjJl  «/  ikiyd^  a/  ^aUduk.  A  k^ 
life,  ^^/^  ^MMT  ^flvll.    To  ezpQK 

one's  life,  AjU^^U^  iAd^tfr^^w- 

tiAt.    We  liyed  upon  the  earth  a  banyj  Hii. 

.  united  in  fellowahip  and  in  abode  and  hsas . 

bnt  fbitnne,  with  its  changes,  parted  ns  bm 

each  other,  and  now  the  gimYe-dothes  bin 

united  us !  _3  ifi^^^  ^ji^  l<^  ^^ 

^^^f  IfJai  ^.     Thy  mghta  pass  c£ 

at  a  rapid  paceTbut  thou,  as  I  see,  art  yaaA- 
m^  m  thy  coarse;  whereas  if  tlioii  badBt  kt* 
wise  in  the  time  that  is  past  of  thj  life,  tk» 


-  -y 


wonldst   haye    exchanged    viee    for 
igoiiJ  t«  (Jam  u: 

Lifeless  (inanimate),  (y*>-  4lL«  ndZsto 
Am,  CSy^ji^^  ghayr  muUJmrriL 
j^l>-  jdmid.  See  Dead. — (wither, 
power  or  force),  Sp  dlU  mdlo^iusMt 

Lifelessly,  i\^j^  ^  mm  ghayr  kaguk 

Lifetime,  j^\  is^  muddai  al  ^ 

Lift,  V,  (lift  up),  ^j  rafa^, 

sab.  See  Elevate,  Baise,  Exalt.— Tc 
lift  up  one's  voice,  ijy^^J^,  uifif* 
»a%otaho. 

Lifted,  lifted  up,  9  ^|/«  marfu^.  Lift^i 
up  with  pride, ^Jj^  muUkkubhiry  %%  Jt^ 
maghrar.  SeeAirogant — ^A  lifter,  «J^ 
rdfi^. 

Ligament,  9, 43u3  kagd.  See  Bond,  Ctak,. 

Ligation,  ligature,  S^J  da^temiy  i^\\i^ 
mundsa^t.    See  Ligament 

Light  (by  which  we  see),  jy  nur,  LJ 
digd.  The  dawning  lights  ^si?  fipr. 
See  Dawn.— The  ruddy  light  of  the 


IIG 


(781) 


UK 


evening  crepuscle,  ^^^a^  Bhafak,  To 
bring  to  light,  J^jH  ^\  j^\  ashar 
%U  al  toujad.  To  come  to  light,  j^ 
Jy»-jJJ  ulwr  m  untfud.  Light  (in- 
struction), ii-^^lJ  tdM,  jfAju  ta^m, 

LjjJ  iwrhiyat    See  Knowledge.     He 

has  missed  not  who  gave  thee  the  name  of  De- 
light of  the  World,  0  thou  who  art  possessed 
of  both  delight  and  liberality !  0  thou  whose 
countenance  smpasses  in  beauty  the  fhll  moon, 
and  whose  face  diffuses  light  OTcr  all  exist- 
ing beings !  ^j^\  CA**-j  ^  ^Jl:>-U 

^^^\  jyji  *  ip-^  fc/jJl  jjJl  ijiie\j 

liight  (Incid),  jy>^  munwir.  See  Clear, 
Bright. — (not  heavy),  fc-flji.<  khaflf. 
Light-minded,  unsteady,  (jmjU?  Uyuh, 
See  Inconstant,  Trifling. 

Xight,  9.  (set  on  fire),  J«^  iha^.  See 
Inflame,  Kindle. — To  light  (from  a 
horse  or  carriage),  j^l-a«^  ,^^  ^  J^ 
neul  min  ^M  al  hU&n.  To  light  (as 
a  bird  on  a  tree,  etc.),  9y^\  ^J^  (Jj3 
netel  ^M  Msojara.  To  light  or  fall 
upon  by  chance,  ^JojA  ^ad,  ^j  wa- 
ka^  fjSii\  atia/ak, 

r^igbted  (as  fire,  etc.),  J^«m«^  nuuh^. 

Lighten,  v.  (flash  with  thunder),  jy 
barak;  (to  shine  like  lightning),  j^ 
harak;   (to  illuminate),  ^y  nau?wari 

(to  exhilarate),  ^Iclt  ^   hahaj  al 

khatir.    Be  jnst  as  thou  wilt,  and  aay  what 
thon  pleasest;  and  lighten  to  the  rignt,  and 

thunder  to  the  left,  lt  ^^j-A  uJ^  ^^ 

X«ight-footed,yL^\  ^j^  »arl^al  mashu. 
Ijight-headed,^yt«L«  math^ltr. 
Xtight-hearted,  j^L^yi  farhdnf  jy 
nuur^r.    See  Cheerful,  (hj,  Merry. 


Light-house,  «•  jjli^  mandrat  (pL^L^s 

fnanaylr),  ^j»,y\s  finHs. 
Lightly  (without  weight),  ^L^  JG  hikol 

Ithiffat,  l.B  j.flrw   khaflfim;    (without 
cause),  L^^«MM))b  &t2a  aahab,  i^^^^y  h 

hild  mHjib;  (not  chastely),  f^Lft  )L 
3t2^  tahdrat;   (without  steadiness),  h 

Light-minded,  JijJf  uJ^  itAi/V*^^ 

^ai/.     See  Light. 
Lightness  (want  of  weight),  ii^  khiffat. 
Lightning,  ^  hark.    Lightning  darting 

along  in  the  form  of  a  chain,  ^^..j  ttl^ 

9Qat.  [See  Lungs. 

Lights,  «.  j\y /Hc^dc?  (pi.  ifjui\  afyidat). 
Lightsome  (exhilarating),  ^[^jifarhdn, 

^  X«  mufrih.     See  Ghiy,  Cheerful. — 

(notdark),jfy^mim«w'.  See  Luminous. 

Like,  adf.  Ji/t  miil,  fj^  tnoAl,  (J^^y 
muwdjikf  J^Ua^  mutdbik,  dj\jL^  mu- 
thdhth,  JjU/s  mu^dil.  See  Equal, 
Besembling,  Likely. — ^To  be  like,  ^LSi 
shdhah.  See  Eesemble.  [semblance. 
Like.  See  Likeness,  Similitude,  Be- 
Like,  adv.  Jl/f  misl,  (Ji^  kamuil.   Like 

the  first,  J^Jl^  kdldwwal.    Like  a  bird 

in  a  cage,  ^^iMl\  ^jA^^  kattlr  fil 

kafat.     Like  writing  on  the   water 
(leaving  no  trace  behind),  ^Le  ^Jikit^ 

Ul^  kannaksh  ^M  al  md.     In  like 

manner,  U^  kamd^  u^  j^  kaudik. 
Like,  V.  ^^dMA^Ui!  utahsan.    See  Approve, 

Choose,  Love. 
Likelihood,  JU&gwl  Mimdl.     See  Pro- 

bability.  Appearance. 
Likely   (probable),  J««C3r^  muhiamal; 

(probably),  Ja«U  c^yf  ibrf  J  W^nJM. 
Liken,  t?.    See  Compare,  Bepresent 
Likenessi  ijy  iHrai,  iJ^l^J  tamsilf 


Lnr 


(782) 


LDT 


tMbK^u^  ioMiJh  i^^JL^  mmhShOmi. 

See  Similitade,  Appeanmoe,  Fona. 
likewise,  ^LLi\  ayian,  ilXli^  imalik. 

See  Like  manner. 
Liking  (approbation),  ^Lm^UiI  uiikidn, 

^^jiu^v  tahnn.    See  Inclination. 

Lilj,  «.  ^^y^  Htion,  fjJj  vmbdk. 

Limb,  %.yas.  ^VL  (pL  Loci  0^({^).  Dis- 
abled in  the  limbs,  ya!i\  f^^^A^  makl9L^ 
(d^ad^.  A  limb  (edge,  border),  c^^- 
j'dnib,  Lj^\>-  hdshnfai. 

Limbeck,  Jm^I  an^U.    See  StiU. 

Lime,  ^^mK  ibZf.  Lime  or  birdlime,^  J 
dibk.  Lime  (a  sort  of  lemon),  4^^^ 
layman.  To  lime.  See  Cement^  Plaster. 
— ^To  ensnare  with  birdlime,  CS***^ 
JjjJb^l.A£  mes^  ^asetflr  Mdtbk. 

Lime-tree,  «.  f^^Jij  najftafan. 

Limit,  4X>.  hadd.  See  Bounds,  Border. — 
To  limit,  JtX»»  haddad. 

Limitation,  J^^Xa^  tahdid,  tX»>.  Aa(2e^. 

Limited,  J^J^s^  mahdud,  J«Xs^  muhad- 
dad,  JA^Lt  muiahaddad. 

Limpid,  t*il-<»  «fl/f. 

Linden-tree,  ».  jj^^jij  «»yw/fe«. 

Line,  9.  L^  i^Aif^^  (pi.  l^^iarL  i&^^il^), 
^jLl.4  «a^r ;  (a  small  cord),  (J^^^-  hahl. 
The  line,  the  equator,  \^i\  L^  hhait 
al  iattwd.  The  equinoctial  line,  LsL 
J  Jcjc^  A;A«^^  mu^tadU,  A  right  line, 
^fl5^^  lr>.  it^f  ^  mustaTclm,  A  paral- 
lel line,  i^J^y^^Lsw  ^A^^^  mu^ei^te^asi. 
A  curved  line,  ^^'-^<^  «£>-  Ithatt  mt<n- 
^nl.  A  crooked  line,  ^y^  a^  i^^^^ 
mu^awwaj,  A  circular  line,^JCuwy^L£>^ 
khatt  mtistadir.  A  perpendicular  line, 
jy^xLfw  ^Aa^^  cami2<^.  A  diameter 
line,  ^^\L:>-  khaU  ui%wd,JaJ  katr. 


Badial  lines,  radii,  JLcU^  )o^a:^  ik- 
M^  tib^d^iya^.  Any  line  or  mazk  in 
writing  which  points  to  an  intcdiaei- 

tion  9r  error,  ILf^^  L^  Uo^c/Us^ 
The  foundation  lines  of  a  house  (maibd 
on  the  ground),  ^j  ramn^  Lines  a 
the  palm  of  the  hand,  j^  9mr,  j^jJ< 
asdrir.  A  fishing  line,  ij^  nmun. 
A  line  of  a  book,  Ja^  satr.  A  fise. 
Terse,  or  hemistich,  9^^"^^  miard^  i 
line,  lines  (military  trenches),  ^^^j^ 
matdrU.  A  line  of  battle,  (.J^  tid 
(pi.  i^yLa  9ufuf).  See  Battalia.— 
Afamiljline,  lineage,  J^mJ  na^,  c^^ 
ftOM^,  jJuwuLi  nUtlah,  J^l  os^;  (ts£- 
way),  JjiX^t  ia£;-  AAa^  oJ  AoiM,  Jijs 

Line,  9.  (a  garment),  ^JSa)  hatUm^ 
Lined,  4^;L*<«  mubaitan.     To  line  witli 
fortification,    ^^y^^^-    kauem,    J.^^^ 

Lineal,  linear  (composed of  lines),^^k> 

khututitioM*^  muiattar.  Lineal  ( 
logical),  ^X^\  asll,  ^JUJ  natU. 


Lineally  (in  a  direct  line),  ^^ 

hMattin  mustakim. 
Lineament,  ^jLst  asdfir.    See  Featoit. 


Linen,  .  .jl::^  hUtdn, 


kimnih.     See 


Cloth,  Plax. — A  linen  doth  wrapped 
round  the  middle  when  bathing,  ZJ  J 
A\,^\futat  al  hatnfndm,       [mbdpk). 

Lingot,  ».  <ciLyrf  iohikai   (pL    <JiX[L< 
Linguist,  s.  ij^  iZj\j&  Ua^   mu^tdka 

logh&t  kaaJrat, 
Liniment,  aJ^  marham,  ^jy^^  ibiUs. 

See  Balsam,  Ointment. 
Lining  (of  a  garment,  etc.),  £Uaj  Hid- 

fiat     Having  lining,  ^Jiau^  mMhaitm, 
Link,  «.  (of  a  chain),  jij^  Zfil»-  kah- 


LIP 


(783) 


LIT 


kat  janstlr.  The  links  or  rings  of  a 
coat  of  mail,  ijjj  taradat;  (a  torch), 
JjLwtu«  nuuh^,   r-W>^  miihdh,     A 

link-boy,  ,^^5^*^  maah^^. 

m 

Link,  V,  (concatenate),  ji^^  J-4X  ^a- 

maljamlr.   See  Connect,  Join,  Unite. 

Linseed    (lintseed),   ^^\jyi    hi%r   al 

hUtdn.  Ifatllat, 

Lint-stock,  s,  (for  firing  cannon),  <LLi3 

Lint,  i^m\9  ktnnib.    See  Flax. — ^Befuse 

of  lint,    c,^v^\  4jIuL«   muihdkat  al 

kmnib.  \tahat  fawhdniyal. 

Lintel,  9.  (over  a  door),  ^^y  ^^s^  ^^ 

Lion,  «.  Oud!  <w(f,  w^  M^^.     Lion-like, 

y  onl\  Jl«  mu/  asiob^.     The  lion  of 

the  faith,  ^;£j3^  Ju>l  oiadaddin.     The 

lion  of  the  state,  ^jjJI  Ju?1  Mdi  ad- 

dawlat.     The  lion  of  God,    i^\  Ju^t 

otoi  0?/aA.   (These  are  often  conferred 

as  titles  of  honour.)     The  lion's  nose 

(two  stars  so  called),  s^\  i^JuS  anfal 
amid.  And  while  be  was  journeying  on 
through  the  deflerts  and  wastes,  there  came 
forth  upon  him  a  lion,  whose  neck  was  closely 
corered  with  hair ;  and  his  head  was  as  large 
as  a  cupola,  his  month  wider  than  a  door, 
with  teeth  like  the  tusks  of  the  elephant, 


lia  iJtJ^  JJljJXX^  izJi%  «..«i4  ilIa 


AMJUtt  0  ..lUAfcJ    ft,K..A    •TT^    ft.»g>i7j 

^Ljlj  S-'Ut  ^^  wu^t  iUij  iJi\  jSi 

i^>^\  ^\iJ^  J^-     So  he  began  to 

say  to  him«  0  lion  of  the  forest !  0  lion  of  the 
plain !  0  bold  lion !  0  father  of  the  children ! 

O  sultan  of  the  wild  beasts !  Jyb  ^j^ 

I  ^  M  MM*  M 

Lioness, «.  i^^  labwat  (pi.  (-^^^^  lahtodt). 
Lip,  «.  ^   Bhiffat  (pi.   2rli:»   «A»/dA). 

The  lip  or  edge  of  anything,  ^  /tfm. 

See  Brim.— Full  to  the  lip,  ^\  JU 
J  maldn  «ia'  ^umtnaA. 


Liquefaction,    c^^jJ   tMwih,    JJi^ 

Liquefiable,  <---^«Jcj  futadawwah. 

Liquefy,  r.  (-jrjfc>  dawwah;  (to  become 

liquid),  c^f  J  ^^5. 
Liquescent,  S-^^J^  ffadili. 
Liquid,  ^U  mdyf^,  c^^ J  c^yti^.    To 

render  liquid,    <-^J   (^M^trod.      See 
Liquefy. 
Liquid,  «.  ^U  mdyt^.    See  Liquor. 

Liquidate,  9.  (pay  debts),  CL^ULuCf  I  Ju^ 

rMoi  al  hiididt. 
Liquor,  U  mA,  j-jU  mdyt^.   See  Water. 

— To  macerate,  soak,  or  dissolve  any- 
thing in  liquor,  ^  naka^,  J».  hal ; 

(strongdrink,spirituous  liquors),  <--->|J< 

thardh,  k^jf^^  ^nhari. 
Liquorice,  (jw^  iHa. 
Lisp,  V.  c«>!  laiagh. 

List,  «.  (catalogue),  Lij^  fahrasat,  JujU 
kdyfMttj^jJ  dafiar;  (enclosed  grounds 
for  combats  or  tilts),  ,^^Ju^  miii^ii 
(P^*  c;i[^V*  m^diin) ;  (border  of 
cloth),  jU^  ^>t47r,  L^Uk.  hdshiyat. 
See  Border ;  a2f 0  Strip ;  Desire,  Choice, 
Willingness. — To  list.  See  Enlist; 
Desire,  Choose;  Enclose. 

Listen,  v.  ^a^  wme^,  ^m^\  tslama^, 
^^«ywJ  iasamma^.    See  Hear.        [mt^. 

Listener,  a,  ^aSm^^  mustami^,  w«Li  id- 

Listening, t.  cUo^l  utimd^,  cU^  iamd^, 

Listenmg,  part.  ^4.-;.***^  mtutami^. 

Listless,  JJLc  phdJU,  jji  is^u^  U  md 
^ndahofark,  IiclcII  Jjj  kalll  al  t^tmd, 
Ja^  mtiAmil.    See  Careless. 

Listlessly,  JUjbl  Ji^  3iM  tAmd/. 

Listlessness,  JUftl  lAmd/. 

Literal,  ^^  har/%,  JaU  lafih  ^^ 


LIT 


(784) 


LO 


atU,    The  literal  meaningi  i^yi 

mff^fta'  la^hawi.         [^Li^  haffyan. 

Literally,  i-J/aC  ^*— i;>"  harfin  hi  harf, 

Literati,  Uic  ^vlamd.  See  Learned  men. 

Literature,  L^Ji\  Jx.  aim  al  adah,  iiyu* 

ma^fat.    See  Learning. 
Litharge  (of  gold  or  silver),  CS^y  ffuir- 

idk,  ulxi«dlj^  mard&Mmk, 
Litigant,  «.  (one  engaged  in  a  lawsuit), 

miindit^.    Litigant,  litigating,  ^1 J^ 

mtN^d^f,  9  J^  mtfiidft^. 
Litigate,  v.   ^f  J  dSi^^    e  jU  fidsa^, 

^Ifi^  MoMm,  ^^j^  ^oitdsa^il. 
Litigation,  h/^^O  <20^fri,  or  f^  J  dld^t^d, 

^jL/t  mundta^at,  Ames3^\  ikhtisdm, 

ifiifrd/a^a^.    See  Lawsuit. 
Litigious,  9j^  mund%i^,  cip  «^^r>-l.g 

sdhih  nizd^.    See  Quarrelsome. 
Litter  (carried  by  men),  i3\s^  muhdffat, 

fjA^sr^  mahmal;  (carried  by  camels  or 

elephants),  ^t^^  hawdaj. 
Little  (in  quantity),  JJi  hdtil]  (small), 

^-JLtf  Boghlr.     To  be  or  become  little, 

^yj  hH,  j^^Jl^  Jl^  %dr  Boghlr.     And 

thereupon  he  arose  and  walked  forward  a  little 
and  little,  still  concealing  himself;  and  Ood 
yeiled  him,  so  he  took  the  dress,  and  not  one 
of  them  saw  him,  for  they  were  playing  to- 
gether and  laughing !  aU  'CJ^J 


iS\\j:^^  (. 


y^3  ^  Mj  y^^^ 


Little,  9,  (small  part),  i^^j^jvmcl\  (a 
small  space  of  time),  <C.S.gJj  daJAhat, 
^Joj^  lahutL     See  Moment. 

Littleness,  ^^^  $ighar.  See  Smallness, 
Meanness. 


Lituigy,  «.  ^/maL  tah. 

Live,  9.  (to  be  alive),  ^l&  ^dtk.  To 
live  in  a  place,  ^^^  Mibm.  See  Dwell. 
— ^To  live  well  (voluptuouslj),  ^i-^^-^* 
tana^^m.     To  live  cr  cohabit  with, 

Livelihood,  jjj  ml;,  ^L*.^  aMi&diii. 

And  I  remained  with  him  three  da ji,  thai  he 
said  nnto  me.  Dost  thou  not  know  asy  tnde 
by  which  thon  mayest  gain,  thy  liri^kood^ 

Ut  _J  JUi  f\i\  i^\j  JTjc^  tj:  .^Vi 

Liveliness,   ^^\  )o\J^    nashdt    aUai'^ 

ij\j^  hardrat.   See  Vivacity,  Spiig^t- 

liness. 
Livelong.  See  Tedious,  Durable,  Lasting. 
Lively,   WUj  jCi    hiM  nMh&i.      See 

Brisk,  CheerM. 
Liver,  «.  (one  who  lives),  ^^Ic  ^dyui. 

The  liver,  Ju^  hihd,  jIm  mu^Jdk, 
Livery.     See  Badge. 
Lives  {pi.  of  life),  jUxt  a^mdr. 
Livid,  ^l^  MM,  ^l^  itfi^O. 

Lividity,  lividness,  i^  kahdwaL 
Living  (alive)j  ^j>.  hay,     Eva*  living. 

Lixivial,  J^mjcU  jX^j  l«  md  ramdd  Iti 
ghafHl\  (to  wash  with),  i^\kji  fe- 
ghdday  S^j  ramdd.    See  Lye. 

Lizard,  «.  \jciji  ^\  aha  hvrofi,  ZL^ 
^/k*^twuJl  hay  gat  aihihamt, 

Lo !  1  J^U  hdhwatd.   See  Behold.   Asi 

while  we  were  npon  that  island,  eating  cf  is 
fruits  and  its  herbs,  and  drinking  of  th«  iiTcrs 
that  were  there,  lo,  there  appeared  to  os  as 
inhabited  house  in  the  midst  of  that  is]     * 

and  we  went  towards  it,  ^js^ 


LOG 


(785) 


LOF 


Load,  i.  J-#»>-  haml.  See  Burden. — A 
court-yard  in  inns,  etc.,  where  they 
load  and  unload  beasts  of  burthen,  ^U- 
khdn.  A  bearer  of  loads,  J^l>-  hdmil, 
Ju^  hammdl.  To  lay  down  a  load, 
J^i^M  Jjj  nanal  al  haml. 

Load,  V,  Ji^k>-  hammal.  To  load  a  can- 
non, ^sJ\  l!/j  dak  al  madfa^ 

Loaded,  J-4«^  muhammal,  J^U.  hamil. 
Loader,  9,  ^^a^os^  muhammtl. 
Loadstone,  t.  ^^^\Jl^  ma^hndtU.  See 

Magnet. 
Loaf,  i.J^i^J^j  raghlf  khub%.    See 

Bread  — Sugar-loaf,  ^c-Jli    halih 

Mtikar, 
Loan,  s.  (of  goods),  ^Uc  ^iyarat;  (of 

money),  ^j^^  to-i?,  ^J  (io^. 
Loath,  adj.     See  Unwilling. 
Loathe,  v.  ^jM  haghad,  s^  tereh.     See 

Hate,  Detest  [Detestable. 

LiOathM,  2r.^  tnakruh.     See  Hateful, 
:K>athing,   s.  Lib\J  iardhiyat,  if\J::J\ 
tstikrdh,  [able, 

loathsome,  n^J^  mahrnh.    See  Detest- 
lOathsomeness,  iyo  nafraty  Ljb\^  hard" 
hiyat, 

oaves,  Jj^  lk£j\  arghifat  khub%. 
obby,  9.  iSuLa  9akifat 
obo  (of  the  liver,  etc.),  Julr,  ri^dmat. 
>bster,  9.  v^^ac^^UkLa  M/Za^dn  3a^, 

>cal,  vJlLi  makdnf,  ,Jl«^  mahaUl. 
reality,   ^IC«   makdn,   ^lL«  makdm, 
Jn^t^  mahal,  ^^y  mawda^ 
»cally,  ^UUJIj  5i7  maten. 
cation.     See  Placing,  Situation. 
ck,  «.  (of  a  door,  etc.),  JiS  kufl  (pi. 
JUSia^/dT).  Lookofhair,JLjfjMaaA 
pl«  c^j  J  sau^dyid).  And  the  broker 


pnooTered  her  face,  wheroapon  the  place  wai 
illuminated  by  her  beauty;  and  there  hung 
down  seren  locks  of  hair,  reaching  to  her 

anklets,  like  the  tails  of  horses,  ^imii 

JiX\  'UU  l^j  ^  JJ  jJl 


Look,  V.  Jaj  jki/a/.    See  Shut  up,  Con- 
fine ;  Unite,  Join. 
Locked,  JIL«  mukaffal,  Jik.^  munkaJU. 
Locksmith,  9.  t^^jLi^a  9ankari. 

Locomotion,  ^j^  harakat,  i^,^j^\ 

ufji^\  i^jUl  almarkdb  anndri  alharri. 

Locust,  9.  ij\jP^  jarddat. 

^^^1  V-  (affording  one  a  temporary 
dwelling),2riX:u&  XlLj  9akkanaho  ^indaho, 
^^^j}  natdaho  fx  bagtthi;  (to 
reside),  jL»  9akan.  See  Dwell.— To 
lodge  at  an  inn,  ^jjl^^\  ^  Jjj  nntl 

fll  hkdnda.    To  lodge  with  any  per- 
son, ^^  ^^^  9akan  ma^ 

Lodge,  9.  u:.^  hayt.  See  House.— (a 
small  house),  jJua  wr^  hagt  9aghlr. 
See  Hut. 

Lodged,  ^Ju9  mu£fm,  ^^^^  tdi^fi. 

Lodgment  (accumnlation  or  collocation), 
^^i^'jam^l  (possession  of  an  enemy's 
work),  J  Jjill  (jMjjli^  l3u«0  daht  maidrU 
al  ^adaw.  [  JjjJ  noMlL 

Lodger,  «.  ^^^  Midfm,  jiL^  musdjir, 

Lodging,  «.  Jj:^  tnanml,  ^IL«  moitoii. 

Loft,  i^J?  tahakat.  See  Floor.  — A 
cock-loft,  Xj^^^  ^^  tabaikat  al/dto- 
kdniyat. 

Loftily  (haughtily),  Ji^  httakabiur, 
I^JG  ^i^b;  kahriyd,  iaic  JG 
^i^/  ^Moma^.  See  Proudly. —(on 
high),  ^U  ^ICiJ  (f  makdn  ^dll.  See 

Sublimely. 

60 


LON 


(786) 


LOW 


LoftineaB  (haughtiness),  JSj   takahhur. 

See  Pride.— (height),  ^^j^  %rti/d^. 
Lofty  (haughty),  ^S^^  mutakahMr,j^jk^ 

maghrHr.     See  Proud. — (high),  ^JU 

^a/f.  And  after  that  it  descended  with  me 
gradually,  until  it  alighted  with  me  upon  the 

earth,  and  rested  upon  a  lofty  spot,  Aiu^ 

JU  j-i^  ^ICt  ^  L»^j  Jiji\ 

Loggerhead,   t.   ^^^-^   haywdn,   ^ju^ 

tay9,  Ju»^  himdr.     See  Blockhead, 

Dance.  {al  manttk. 

Logic,  ^^k^  manitkf  ^jkx^It  Juk  ^t^m 

Logical,  ^  \i\^  tnantaki,  JlxS  c->^am1^ 

^h;4>ll  m<ifMil5  la^ilm  al  maiUik, 
Logician,  ^jla:^  Jl«^  mtf^n/Ztm  maniik, 

Jiia:^  mantakl. 
Loin,  «.  loins,  c^Lp  mJ^.     [To  he  idle. 
Loiter,  v.  ^Ji^lC  iakdsaL     See  Linger, 
Loiterer,  «.   |J«jUcj«  mutakdtil,   ^^mS 
koildn.     See  Idler.  [Lingering. 

Loitering,  JUjbl  t'AifuS/,  Jm«^  ^o/.  See 
Lone,  lonesome,  lonely,  J^ix/»  mtmfarid. 

See  Alone,  Solitary,  Single. 
Loneliness,  loneness,  i^S^  kkdhDat.   See 

Solitude. 
Long  (not  short),  (Jd  J^  tawih  Long  and 
hroad,  \j^„fy  tJi^  teM7f /  wa^rid.  A 
long  time,  i!  jj  Jl^  i!jL«  muddat  madldat. 
To  he  or  hecome  long,  J^  tuwel.  To 
make  long,  JjL  tawwal,  J-[^  <0u«^ 
^amalaho  tawll.  Long  ago,  ^«x«  ^ 
4jj^  mm  muddat  tawllat,     A  long 

way  off,  Jujo  ha^d.  See  Distant.  And 

when  his  wonder  at  the  bird  that  he  saw  in 
the  island  increased,  he  remembered  a  story 
which  trayelleni  and  voyagers  had  told  him 

long  before,t^ jilylla!  1  ^  *j^  jljUS 


^°&  ^-   J^^   wUdifc.      See  Desie, 

Wish  for. 
Long-hoat,  v,  u-^U  h&fib.     See  Bosi 
LongeTity,  Jjt  <ii;,^1£]^  tvUi^ 

^fimr.  \tawilal§^^^ 

LongimanuB  (long-handed),  i^ jU)1  Ji^ 
Longing,  t.  ^j^  rughhaty  ^yZ»  jAwi, 

^Ui^^  uhtiyai.   See  Desire.  Inqoiiv 

of  my  letter  what  my  pen  hath  written,  t^ 
the  characters  will  acquaint  thee  wish  w} 
transport  and  anguish  and  sufferings^  Hy 
hand  is  tracing  the  letters  while  my  tesis  aa 
flowing,  and  my  longing  complaineth  of  wr 
sufferings  to  the  paper.  Mj  tears  eeaee  ste^ 
pouring  upon  the  paper ;  should  they  st(»  se 
of  exhaustion,  tearsof  blood  would  repiaoetheB, 

^  K^  Jll^  *S^  cr»  u-^. 


■M*«. 


urV 


_.«Jj  IfLiujfL     The  remembraiiee  :^' 

my  beloved  cheereth  me  in  my  solitude,  sti 
dispelleth  my  desolate  feelings  iu 


fountain  but  that  of  tears,  which,  flowii^  frjz 
my  eye,  assuage  my  anguish,  ^J^ 

*  Jyj  i^jAsT  ^yj^.     My  longing  b 

riolent ;  none  like  it  existeth ;  and  the  ^^ 
of    my   love    and    affection    is    woaikr^^ 

f^ W^' v/ «^-^^-     Ip«8  = 
night  with  sleepless  eyelid,  and  walk  is  7 

passion  between  Hell  and'  Pi 


sessed  becoming  patienoe,  but  have  I 
and   love's   only   gift   to   me   if  <£ 


LOO 


(787) 


LOO 


the  pain  of  separation  from  her,  and  longing 
hath  changed  my  aspect  and  form, 

*  ^jy^3  L^^  \J^^^^  •  -AJid  my  eye- 
lids are  wounded' by  my  tears,  the  flowing 
of  which  I  cannot  preyent,  j^Li->-\j 

*  ,J=^«^*>  ^^j^  •    My  Btrength  is  im- 

paired,  and  I  have  lost  my  heart;  and  how 
many  griefs  in  saocession  haye  I  soffSered! 

\j  ^^  *  iC^J^  0\yi\^  Lj^^  J^*y^ 

*  icjj  OkJO  ^j)  ^i\ ,    And  my  heart 

and  my  head  are  alike  aged  by  the  loss  of 
a  mistress,  and  most  beantifnl  of  mistresses, 


I  jLa  j^;**-^3-l  f^j**^^  ^  J  jL»  .  In  spite 

of  her  oar  dinunction  took  place,  and  her 
only  desire  is  to  find  and  meet  me, 

*  J^V  4^  *^'  ^*^^  fortune,  after 
separation  and  distance,  grant  me  the  enjoy- 
ment of  union  with  my  beloved,  l.^ 

of  estrangement  after  opening  it,  and  efface 
my  trouble   by   the  comforts  of  meeting  ? 

*  jr/J  ^  ^^  A>^\  ^[^  ^^^j 
JLjIi  cjI>.|^  i^ys^j',.   And 


-O  A 


shall  my  beloyed  be  my  cup-companion,  and 
my  griefs  he  eichanged  for  pure  delights  F 

Longingly,  jLi--l  Jij  hikol  ishtiyak. 

Longitude,  J^  tiU,  A  degree  of  longi- 
tude, J^l  ^j^  darajat  attal 

'^ong-suffering.  See  Patient;  abo  Clem- 
ency. [*»«a/. 

;«oxigvay8,  longwise,  "i^  tulan,  J^b 

xx>by,  J^  taJal,  Li  ^5a.   See  Clown. 

joak,  v.Joj  tunar;  (to  be  circumspect, 
vigilant),  ikiUjl J  ddr  h&laho.   To  look 


for  (expect),  Ja^\  intamr.  To  look 
into,  ijo^  iafahhoi.  See  Examine. 
— To  look  on  (respect,  regard),  ^^-o^l 
i^tabar.  See  Esteem. — (to  be  a  spec- 
tator), ^^\j  rati,  jj^L^i  %h&haA,  To 
look  out  (seek,  search),  ^j2ci  faWuih  ; 
(to  behold),^  ncauur.  To  look  through 
half-shut  eyes,  las)  fa^  <— ^  (-^ 
4^«Jt  ^aZ20^  W  ^of  ^aymhi.    Look ! 

^^loj!  tmstir.    And  on  one  of  those  days 

when  he  collected  the  people  to  play  with  the 
ball,  the  daughter  of  the  Wezeer  sat  at  the 
lattice- window  to  amwe  herself  by  looking  at 

them. 


cJL^Ji  ^yjij^K    The  day 


r 


departed  from  me,  and  I  began  to  walk  along 
the  yalley,  looking  for  a  place  in  which  I 

might  pass  the  night,  ^tfJl  J^  JJi« 

Look,^  fUMor.  See  Sight. — (appear- 
ance), Ars-j  tffofh,  ij^  turat,  Jo:^ 
mantar.    See  Countenance. 

Looker,  looker  on,  s.  Jff\j  nazir.  See 
Spectator. 

Looking-glass,  b.  V\y  mirdt. 

Loom,  8.  (for  a  lady),  ^***^  mansaj; 
(for  a  wearer),  Jy  nat^/. 

Loose,  1^.  (untie),  C^fah,  J^  M;  (to 
disengage,  set  free),  ^jii^  khallas.  To 
loose  a  knot,  ir  jjuJI  ^J».  hoi  al  ^kdat. 
To  loose  the  belly,  J^!  im^i/.  See 
Looseness. — ^To  loose  a  belt,  CX*  fak. 
To  loose  and  tie,  laj^^  J:>-  Aa/tt?0  rahat. 

Loose  (unbound,  untied),  J^U:^  maMul; 
(relaxed),  ^^jx**^  muttarkhl;  (hang- 
ing down),  jSjf^  mu^dOah ;  (indeter- 
minate), ^ji^  jJi  glmyr  mu^ayyan^ 
J^j^^j^l^kayrmahdad.    See  Vague. 


LON 


LoftineflB  (hanglitiiiess),  ^  UAdbhur. 

See  Pride.— (height),  ^j\  irtifd^. 
Lofty  (haughty),  ^^-ia^  mutahthiir,j^jM^ 

maghrHr.     See  Proud.— (high),  ^JU 

• 

tan.    And  after  that  it  descended  with  me 
ghidiially,  until  it  alighted  with  me  upon  the 

earth,  and  rested  upon  a  lofty  spot,  ^^ 

Loggerhead,   «.   ^ys^  haywSn, 

tay^t  jU^-  himdr.     See  Bl'       ^^ 

Dance.  '      Jcity), 

Logic,  jJfl^  mawttk,  jia:    ,cy),  ^jo: 

Logical,  ^^Siai^  mantaJfi ^^^  ^r^\  ^^ 

jlaiJl  man<a5  ^t^^'^t  oi  chastity). 
Logician,  jk^  jJ*^  aUahdrat,    i^ 

^Jik^  mtfii^l  -j^uteness.— (a  diar- 
Loin,  «.  loins,  c  ^-/^  J  ^n.  To  have 
Loiter,  9.  s^*  /ji\  insahal.  See  Flux. 
Loiterer,  8  ^/'^offoness,  J^l  iuhai. 


\jjJi\ 


Loiteri' 
Lone 


"kaddn,   ^    , 

y]jk^^     See  Out. 

(i«ci^J»  ^Kll  if^  kasirai  al  laldm, 
J  8,  (English  title),  J^j)  lord,  (as 
^eral  qualification),  tW  iayyid,  "iy 
or  ^y  fiMwU.  My  lord,  i^ju^^U 
yd  saypadl.  My  Lord  (to  God,  etc.), 
j<jjb  yd  ni55{;    (or  My  Lord  and 

God),    ^\^  ^^  b  yfi  ro^M  «^a  iJ/aAf. 

See  Sovereign"  Gorernor,  Baler,  Master, 
Noble.  Then,  when  the  event  appointed  by 
the  Lord  of  all  creatures,  the  Lord  of  the 
earth  and  the  heavens,  befell  us,  I  said,  0 
•companions  in  arms  and  soldiers,  can  ye  pre- 
vent that  which  hath  befallen  me  from  the 

mighty  King?  t-^  (►^W  Jj-*  ^ 


(786)  L0»    ' 

Long,  V.   jWf       ^\  ^r^^f" 

Wish  for.  i  /   '  ^^,  Jji^\f^ 
Long-bo?'  ^ijtiiii.    See  Donuneer, 

Longff 

^*    '-.        osed  to  find),  ^  *vy«l. 
^  .togain),yi-^ii*««r.  TokK 

d  labour,  lL^  ^  ^  ^i 

5d/a.     To  lose  the  way,  Jiji\i,  i^ 

dd^hiltarik.    See  Wander.-To  Ik 

hope,  \s>'J\  jiaS  iaia^  arraja,   [fw- 

Loser, «.  ^^  mudayyi^  u!/**^  ^ 

Loss,  ^jeisij  nakt,  jji  darar^  i;l*»>  ^ 

9drat,  (^|/**s^  ife^wraii.    SeeDeprin 

tion.  Destruction,  Miss.— To  be  ai » 

loss,  jl>-  Adr. 

Lost,  JjAA^  mafkudf  ^U  ({ayt^,  u^:<^ 

ghdyib.     To  be  lost,  ^U  <ia^. 

-     «  "* 

Lot,  8.  K^^^M^  noAb,  <U«J  ihiiffui^,  ^ 

AmmA  or  h%8iat\  (dice),  it/hfff 
See  Luck,  Fortune,  Portion.— To  as 
or  draw  lots,  Axy  ^-^^  rams'inft^ 

Lote  (tree),  jyJ^iJ^  Awkfafci  "R^ 
Egyptian  lote  tree,  i^/-^^  J^**^ 
handakuk  misri. 

Lotion,  uJJa^  to^f/.     See  Washii^ 

Lottery,  «.  <Lc^  ibir&aA,  v»^<«*<i3)^J^ 
naM. 

Loud,  v^J  Jbwl.  See  Koisy,  Clamoroft 
Turbulent—A  loud  wind.  lJJ^  'f 
hawd^diif.   See  Wind.— A  loud  tok«^ 

Lough,  «.  .^^!Lfi;-  kha^f\  jU^  %^ 
LoTe,  J-i^i:  ^ishk  The  love  of  a«^ 
country,  J^^\  uI-^>.  W4  «/  ^^ 
To  be  in  love,  J-i^it  ^MiW.  See  lite 
Esteem,  Yalue.— Distractedlj  ifl  ^'^ 
^jii^  Jh^U  ^d#Aii  jfu^fHs. 


f 


lOV 


(789) 


LOV 


t^ 


'V. 


% 


xV 


_•   «  • 


^Mt.    For  the  lore  of 

'  n  Mil/  iKoA/iwy^ 

A   loTe-letter, 
^hk.      Like 


»        4.4 


•; 


'V 


\'N^ 


'ng  and  de- 
«e  ijB  not 

.Ue  it  ii 

uown.    The 
like  the  morn- 
night  of  my  de- 


% 


^Lm^  (*1/^^ ly  *    ^  ™7  mistresB,  I  am 

an  sdmonifiher  unto  thee,  and  one  who  has 
great  mt«reet  for  thee ;  know  then  that  lore  ia 
difficult,  and  the  concealment  of  it  would  melt 
iron,  and  occaaion  diseases  and  infirmities,  and 
the  person  who  reveals  loye  is  not  obnoxious 


to  reproach,  ^^  clx)  ijf  i2, 

^U^  j»UJHj  (>5/**'  ^ji^  jjjlslII 

j^JU  ^5^b  ^^j-u  ^.     Love,  at  its 

commenoement,  is  Kke  running  saliya;   but 
when  it  has  gained  ascendancy,  it  is  like  a  wide 


Uuj^^  ^yst^  j^  f^^^'    I  wrote  with  a 

heart  deroted  to  thinking  of  thee,  and  with  a 
sour  eyelid  abedding  tears  of  blood,  and  a  body 
clad  by  ardent  longiuff  and  smtow  wiUi  the 
garment  of  leanness  and  affliction.  I  complain 
to  thee  of  the  torment  of  my  lore,  and  the 
complete  exhaustion  of  my  patience.  Be  kind, 
then,  and  faTourable,  and  merciful  and  in- 
dulgent, for  my  heart  is  breaking  through  the 

Tiolence  of  my  love  for  thee,  us^.,i,r>,^ 


S^*^  V  c;^  ♦  k/^^  y^^h  ^^^ 
^oSoi  4^^b.     O  mj  Lord,  by  the 

Fiye  Phantoms  deliver  me ;  and  to  her  who  has 
afflicted  me  with  love  transfer  my  anguish! 
For  thou  knowest  that  I  am  snflfenng  a  burn- 
ing flame,  and  my  beloved  has  oppressed  me, 
and  will  not  have  compassion  on  mef  How 
long  shall  I  feel  tenderly  to  her  in  my  afflic- 
tion P  And  bow  long  shall  she  tyrannize  over 
my  weakness?  I  wander  in  agonies  never 
ending,  and  find  not  a  person,  0  my  Lord,  to 
assist  me!  Often  I  wish  I  could  oe  patient 
in  loving  her;  but  how  could  I  be  patient 
whilst  my  love  has  consumed  my  patience  ? 
0  thou  wno  dost  decline  to  grant  to  my  love 
the  pleasure  of  an  interview,  fearest  thou  not 
the  adversities  and  calamities  of  time  and  for- 
tune F  Art  thou  not  enjoying  the  happiest  life, 
whilst  I,  for  thy  love,  am  suffering  in  a  foreign 
country  all  kind  of  privations  far  nr  away  from 

my  home,  friends,  and  relations  ?  ^j<i 

(juJj  ^^  *  J«i^  r^^^  ^M^li 
\J  '^  <^JJ^  (^^  *  v^  '  ^^'"^  ^-'^^ 

JW  ^r-^  ^^^  4  i^  '^^  *^5^ 


'J'-i 


ujX  *  W^^ 


Lore-apple,  Xj^*^\:^  handdura,  ^^la^jb 
hddinjdn  franju 

alio  a  beloved  object,  a  mistress. — ^The  lover, 
when  his  beloved  is  separated  firom  him,  is  ab- 
sorbed in^  sorrow  ana  affliction:  within  and 
without  bim  a  disease  is  burning :  his  begin- 
ning is  remembrance,  and  his  end  is  thought 


Loved,  jyLjc«  ma^ihnkfi 


and  reflection,  ^Ljx  ^IjU  \3\ 


LOB 


(788) 


LOY 


Loosed,  JA^^  mo^ll/. 

Loosely  (not  fast),  i^^/  Urakhdwat ; 
(without  bondage),  \3\)jtj  SOd  rihat ; 
(irregularly),  ^^Jih  hUa  tofHh, 
^UaiL  hUa  msdm;  (carelessly),  JG 
J^\^hiikoltahdnnd.  See  N^ligently. 
— (meanly),  -A>-^ftyj  hinaw^in  ha- 

kir. — ^To  sew  loosely,  J--  thai. 

Loosen,  v.  J»>  hal.  See  Loose,  Eelaz, 
Part. 

Looseness  (imfixedness),  j]j^^  /••^-^ 
^adam  al  iardr ;  (flabbiness,  laxity), 
i^\^j  rakhdwat;  (irregularity),  |%*xc 
u^^l  ^adam  al  iarilh,  ^^\  f^S£. 
^adam  annwlm;  (want  of  chastity), 
ij\^\  i%«xe  ^adam  aitahdrat,  i^ 
^hwat.  See  Dissoluteness.— (a  diar- 
riioBa),  Jl^l  ithdl,  ^J^  iUi.  To  have 
a  looseness,  (Jf^Jl  imahal.  See  Flux. 
— To  give  a  looseness,  J^f  athal. 

Lop,  V.  (trees),  J^'i\  ^  koMh  d  mH- 
jdr,  jAaS  kaU^.     See  Cut. 

Lop,   lopping,   s,  ^^ikLu*^  luudhat,     A 

lopper,  -Ui^  hutdh. 

Loquacious,  >K1\^^  koHr  al  kaldfiL 

Loquacity,  ^Klf  iji^  kasirat  al  kaldm. 

Lord,  8.  (English  title),  J;jJ  lord,  (as 

general  qualification),  Jb^  iayyid,  1y 

or    \y  fnawla\     My  lord,  ^^iXj-au 

f/d  Myyail.     My  Lord  (to  Ood,  etc.), 

^Jjlj  yd  rahll'j   {or  My  Lord  and 

God),    ^\^  ^j  u  yd  raWf  «^a  *?/aAl. 

See  Sovereign,  Governor,  Ruler,  Master, 
Noble.  Then,  when  the  event  appointed  by 
the  Lord  of  all  creatures,  tbe  Ix)rd  of  the 
eartb  and  the  heavens,  befell  ua,  I  said,  0 
•companions  in  arms  and  soldiers,  can  ye  pre- 
vent that  "which  hath  befallen  me  from  the 

mighty  King?  i^j  ^\^,  J>3  Uli 


Lord,  9.  Ss>^  hakam.     See  Bomiiieer, 
Gorem,  Enle. 

Lose,  V.  (opposed  to  find),  ^--^  ^W*t'» 
(opposed  to  gain),^;***ri- i*«wr.  Toloae 
one's  labour,  ciyr  S^  ^^  <^fy*t 
ta^aho  ^aha%,  Ji'Ul^  i-^^  t^  ^ 
JaitJ.  To  lose  the  way,  ^JijM  V  ^"^ 
i^j.  ha  tank.  See  Wander.— To  loae 
hope,  \p^1  ^Jai  ioto^  arrajd.     [m. 

Loser,  *.  y  ...ri^  mudayyU,  i*}r**^  ^^' 

Loss,  ^^^^  nak9,jj^  daroTj  i;L*s;-  tfa- 

tion,  Destruction,  Mies. — To  be  at  a 
loss,  jl^  hdr. 
Lost,  JjAA^  mafkudt  ^U  ddyi^  S-^*^ 
ghdyib.     To  be  lost,  cU  i2d^. 

Lot,  9,  V_— -^   fMMf 5,  <UwuJ  ittMUU,  ^mS^- 

hmah  or  Amm^;  (dice),  Is.^  Ivrat 
See  Luck,  Fortune,  Portion. — To  csS 
or  draw  lots,  4xy  ,-^j  rwma*  hmr^ 

liOte  (tree),  jyJ^i^  AomiateJb.  Tbt 
Egyptian  lote  tree,  \^j^^  O^^^^ 
handakuk  miarl. 

Lotion,  fc— PjV?«h7  tashiif.     See  Washisg- 

Lottery,  «.  <)^  ibir^a^  *,,  ^j.-r't  b  p 
na^h. 

Loud,  c^  J  Jbt^.    See  Noi^,  Glamoro>c& 
Turbulent. — A  loud  wind.     u,g,rgU  *^ 
hatod  ^dnf»   See  Wind. — A.  loud  voice, 
lU  c:j^  sawt  ^ll. 

Lough,  «.  ijfji^  hhaUj,  J^^  h^kdm. 

LoTe,  Jh^  ^wAib.  The  love  of  od£  s 
country,  ^^^  S-"*^  ****  *^  tcmtm 
To  be  in  love,  Jh^  ^MA«ifc.  See  Lik£. 
Esteem,  Value. — Distractedly  ia  kvc, 
^j:xi^  JhIU  idihtk  maftHn.  To  ma^ 


LOY 


(789) 


LOV 


love,  ^jJLe.  ^$Mk,  For  the  love  of 
God,  idH  J---.^y*  9dbM  iOah^L^^ 
^\   hiihaim   tOah.      A   love-letter, 

JAa  l^jP^^   maktnh   ^hk.      Like 

birdsi  they  flew  away  in  the  evening  and  de- 
parted. And  he  who  dieth  of  loTe  ia  not 
gniltv.  I  will  keep  my  lore  secret  while  it  is 
poflrible  to  do  so,  bat  ii  violent  longing  over- 
come me,  then  I  will  make  it  known.  The 
phantom  of  her,  whoee  (ace  is  like  the  morn- 
ing, came  at  night;  and  the  night  of  my  de- 

sire  has  no  morning,  LuuxlbjaAk  cz^jlki 

^w  /^yi\  ^J .    0  my  mistress,  I  am 

an  admonisher  nnto  thee,  and  one  who  has 
great  interest  for  thee ;  know  then  that  love  is 
difficnlt,  and  the  concealment  of  it  would  melt 
iron,  and  occasion  diseases  and  infirmities,  and 
the  person  who  reveals  love  is  not  obnoxions 

to  reproach,  ^^  uXJ  J]  ^J  Jl-^Ij 

^U,  f,\Lj\^  ^\^1\  k-^jy^^  A[A*5l 

^JU  ^^[)  ^y^  ^.     Love,  at  its 

commencement,  is  Kke  mnninr  saliva;   bnt 
when  it  has  gained  ascendancy,  it  is  like  a  wide 


sea,  1jU»^U^  ^yoU  jy  Jh^\ 

\jK^\j  \ja^  j\^  r^^^'    ^  wrote  with  a 

heart  devoted  to  thinking  of  thee,  and  with  a 
aauT  eyelid  shedding  tears  of  blood,  and  a  body 
clad,  by  ardent  longing  and  sorrow  with  the 
garment  of  leanness  and  affliction.  I  complain 
to  thee  of  the  torment  of  my  love,  and  the 
complete  exhaustion  of  my  patience.  Be  kind, 
then,  and  favourable,  and  mercifdl  and  in- 
dulgent, for  my  heart  is  breaking  through  the 

-violence  of  my  love  for  thee,  *  •*  -    "  ^ 

^i  s\^  (»**^j  ♦  tr**>i  ^|Li J  ^ 


^^\^  J6  ♦  ^^iW^  yJ*^J^3  ^^^ 

jJaSaj  4?^b.     0  my  Lord,  by  the 

Five  Phantoms  deliver  me ;  and  to  her  who  has 
afflicted  me  with  love  transfer  my  angaish! 
For  thou  knowest  that  I  am  suffering  a  burn- 
ing flame,  and  my  beloved  has  oppressed  me, 
ai^will  not  have  compassion  on  mef  How 
long  shall  I  feel  tenderly  to  her  in  my  afflic- 
tion P  And  how  long  shall  she  tyrannize  over 
my  weakness?  I  wander  in  agonies  never 
ending,  and  find  not  a  person,  0  mv  Lord,  to 
assist  me!  Often  I  wuh  I  could  oe  patient 
in  loving  her;  but  how  could  I  be  ^tient 
whilst  my  love  has  consumed  my  patience  ? 
0  thou  who  dost  decUne  to  giant  to  my  love 
the  pleasure  of  an  interview,  fearest  thou  not 
the  adversities  and  calamities  of  time  and  for- 
tune P  Art  thou  not  enjoying  the  happiest  life, 
whilst  I,  for  thy  love,  am  suffering  in  a  foreign 
country  all  kind  of  privations  far  far  away  from 

my  home,  Mends,  and  relations  ?  ^-'^^ 

c:-^  urV  *  ^^^  r^^^  ^LiAs^li 
Jl  (J*J  l:^  li  ♦  ^  ^  aU::^  li  ^ 

^  '^  (*ju'  f^j  *  {^  ••  '* :  't'jW 

JW  ^r^  ^}^^  4i^^^.  *v/* 


Loved,  jj^ujc*  mofih^, 


Love-apple,  ^j^iilij  handdUra,  ^\afrj\j 
Iddinjdn  franju 

Jy^si^mahh'&h; 

a^  a  beloved  object,  a  mistress. — The  lover, 
when  his  beloved  is  separated  firom  him,  is  ab- 
sorbed in  sorrow  ana  affliction:  within  and 
without  him  a  disease  is  burning :  his  begin- 
ning is  remembrance,  and  hii  end  is  thought 

and  reflection,  dLi£  (jV^  ^<^^ 


LOV 


(790) 


LOW 


r^ 


Lovelinees  (beauty),  ^^;*«^  htun,  JU>- 

jamdl,  i3\Jff  nardfat.  Bee  Graceftdness. 

And  then  he  said  to  her,  O  Queen,  on  my 
word,  my  nnde  did  not  describe  to  me  the 

auarter  of  the  tenth  part  of  thy  lowliness,  nor 
tie  qoarter  of  a  kirat  t>f  fov  and  twenty 

kirats,^  JJ\^ia*lil|!  Jl3Ai\f3 

.Lovely,  J--«^  jcmlh  <— «-5J  ^^*/  ^^ 
thou  assert  that  thou  art  a  great  Kin^  the 
King  who  is  my  sister's  son  is  a  greater  King; 
and  if  thou  boaatest  that  thy  daughter  is  lovely, 
my  dai^ter's  son  is  more  lovely  than  she,  and 
more  beautiful  in  form,  and  more  excellent  in 
rank  and  descent,  as  he  has  surpassed  in  ffood 
and  excellent  qualities  all  the  great  men  of  his 

*  JLjUj  Jjb\  jli  ^li  *  wJ^  W^ 

Lover, »,  J-iiU  i^i^hik  (pi.  jl/t*r  ^Uh), 

1     .nin*^  hdbib,  L--^«^  i?H»^i5.    A  lover 

and  his  beloved,  jyt**^j  J^U  ^d»Ai^ 

fi^^  WII^«A«i&,  <"">^^  <^">^>"^  ^^^^^ 
«;a  mahbub.  They  say  it  is  forbidden  for  the 
beauties  to  show  favour,  that  the  shedding  of 
the  blood  of  lovers  is  lawM,  and  that  the 
love-sick  can  do  naught  but  sacrifice  his  soul, 
and  liberally  forfeit  it  in  love,  which  is  a  ^me. 
I  cry  out  in  my  longing  and  ardour  ot  love 
for  my  beloved,  and  the  utmost  effort  of  the 

distracted  is  to  moa&,  J— f^  c.»pj^ 

*  l.ly  ^lfUM^\ .  Avicenna  has  pre- 
tended that  the  lover's  remedy  consists  in 
melodious  sounds,  and  the  company  of  one 
like  his  beloved,  and  the  pleasure  of  dessert 
and  wine  and  a  garden;  out  I  have  taken 
another  in  thy  stead  to  cure  myself,  and  fate 
and  contingency  aided  me,  yet  I  found  that 
love  was  a  mortal  disease,  for  which  Avicenna's 


medicine  waa  mere  Booflenae,  ^^}  ^] 

tfjy  w^\  J^  •  ^51^  Jr^  J'"^ 

Loving,  ptirt.  Jf^^  ^aM*^  v.^^****- 

hib.    See  Friendly. 
Loving-kindness,  ifc^y^  marhamat,iii^ 

ahafaJcat,  Z^  m»ha»aL    SeeMwj. 

Tenderness. 
Lovingly,  i>*  J^  ^^  ««**^ 

Louse,  «.  iUi  Undat.  AwtiHifr^ 

louse,  iw  hakkatf  ^M*i*in%  JufitaL 
Lousiness,  {^^^  takmlh 
Lousy,  J-4i^  fnukammil. 
Low  (not  higk),  J^^  umd ;  (oem,  «i^ 

See  Dishonourable,  Depre8eed,Hnn* 

— (deep),  J?-**^  j_<w»U. 
Low,  V.    i?j  irai^.     See  Lower. 
Lower  (comparative  of  low),  ^y'^' 

Ji^^«/«Z.   See  Inferior.-Tbek«f 

part  of  anything,  «Jo^  ^kJn**. 
Lowest,  lowenaoet,  ^^^^  J*-''  *^ 

mdya^n. 
Lowlily  (witiiout  pride),  ^'fJ  ^'  ^ 

iMii*^;  (meanly),^^-AP-^j^;i^J»'^'^' 

^«9i  Aoi^f r. 
Lowliness  (humility),  ^-^'y 

cyt^  JtAtwAtlj..    See  SubmiBsi<«^ 

— (meanness),  J*S  %il\  (wantrf*!' 

nity),  A^lar  i%  J^c  ^adam  ^nof^ 

Lowly  (humble),    ^\yi^  »^^^^'< 
See  Submissive, — (mean),^-i^  ^' 


LUC 


(791) 


LTJK 


Lowness  (want  of  height)  9^j^  (^*^ 
^adam  irttfd^;  (jtaesameaB),  ij\A^-  ha- 
kdrat    See  Lowliness. 

Low-spirited,  u^^JjIIj^mJC*  makiilr  al 

kalby  Je\a^\jyjS^  fnahUr  id  khdtir. 

See  Dejected. 
Loyal,  ^j^\  amln,  Jjl>^  8ddik,  ^-J(X« 

mutl^,  AiJr*.MA/t  muitaMm, 
Loyalist,  «.  ij\j^^6  sfl  eadhkat 
Loyally,  X<«1&;l«»\  J^  Inkoliitikdmat,  JG 

iLitjutf  hikolioddiaL 
Loyalty,  ie}^\  iid^i,  ^Ui^\  uiikdmai, 

dj\xa  saddkat.     See  Fidelity. 
Labricate,  v.  ^i^f  mardan,  ^  J  dahan. 

See  Smooth,  Make  slippery. 
Lucid,  lucent,  ^^;U^  mtmlr,  ^D  Idmi^. 

See  Bright,  Light,  Glittering,  Trans- 
parent. 
Luck,  Lr-^osr  hdkht,  Cy^j^fl'^  nasih,  L^ 

kuemat,  «Jlt  tdli^.  Good  luck,  laoki- 
ness,  J  Li  I  ikhdl.  Bad  lack,  ^j**ssr 
nahi.  See  Fortane,  Chance,  Accident. 
—0  what  luck!    jux^^U9^iOb 

ya  ktho  min  tali^  sa^d  !    Wilt  thoa,  said  the 

Khaleefeh,  return  with  na  to  the  riyer,  and 
Btation  thyself  on  the  bank  of  the  Tigris,  and 

cast  thy  net  for  my  lack?  iiAa^\  JUi 

«^^^^  v/yj  '^■^^  v^^  ^ 

Xuckily,  JUS^^  iV*-»  J^  Wib^  <<r^dfin  wa 
ikbdl.     See  Fortunately. 

Luckless,  ^jM^^U  manAfi«,  L,.^j«n)  ^U 
mdl^ho  na9%h.  See  Unhappy,  Unfor- 
tunate. 

Lucky,  Jjum.^  mu$^,  uu^o^  ^*^>>li0 
«dAi3  ftoib^^,  v.;^  a:isC  ^$y  i^«^ 
bakhtuho  tayyib.     See  Fortunate. 

Lucrative,  •xX*  mii/^^f,  ^U  nd/S^,  ^7^ 


tnurhih,  S JuU  dJ  /{At  fdyidtA.     See 

Adrantageons,  Profitable. 
Lucre,  J Jjli  fdyidat^  ^ii  »a/^,  i»>^*<*>'^ 

maksah.     See  Gain. 
Lucabrate,  «.  (study  in  the  night-time)i 

JJJU  (jM^J  daraa  hU  layU. 
Ludicrous,  tjif*^  ma$khara. 
Ludicrously,  ijS^*^  Jij  hikol  moikhara. 

LudicrousnesS) ysf"**^  iamaskhur,  Cy^*l 
K^J.  [See  Baggage. 

Luggage,  c-jL^^  M5d5,  ^^  hawdyij. 

Lukewarm  (moderately  warm),yli/a<ir, 

Jjcjb^  mu^tadil.    Lukewarm  water, 

y  li  U   wd  /a<»r  ;    (indifferent,    not 

zealous),  J)\i  fdUr,  ij^  <dU  mdlaho 

yhltui. 

Lukewarmly,  Jl JclcU  hti^ttddl;  (coldly, 
indifferently),  »*^^y,J^.  bikolhurOdaii 
(indifference),  ij^j)  hurUdat,  ij^^Jx, 
^adam  ghlrat. 

Luminary,  8,  jy  nur,  \^  diyd.  See 
Light. — The  greater  and  lesser  lumi- 
naries (the  sun  and  moon),  ^j^  nirJn. 
The  greater  luminary,  Jkci\j^\  annlr 
al  a^wam.  See  Sun.— The  lesser  lu- 
minary, jjLai\jJii\  ant^r  al  asyhar. 
See  Moon. 

Luminous,  jy^  munmr,  j^   jwunfr, 

w-fS  Idmi^  jyi\  ^U  8dU^  annur. 

See  Bright,  Light,  Shining. 
Lunacy,  ^  J^  $awdd,  ^y^  junttn.    See 

Madness. 
Lunar,  i^j^  kamarl. 
Lunated  (like  a  crescent  or  half-moon), 

Jl^\  JS^  misl  al  hdhd. 
Lunatic,  i^y^  majnUn,     See  Mad. 
Lunation,  «.  (revolution  of  the  moon), 

j^^j^*^  dawralkamar;  (month),  ^^fl 

ihahr. 


LTC 


(792) 


MAD 


LuncheoDi  9.  (meal),  Ij^vJl?  tdni^hadd; 

(a  piece),  ifiai  Jnt^at. 
Langs,  8,  ijj\  arriyah. 

Lupine,  «.  {j»*^/  turmw. 

Lurch,  r.     See  Deceive.— (to  devour), 

Lure,  «.  Jujct  ta^mat,  ^i^jMhai. 
Lurk,  t^.  ^  <d^  tahhabha\  [Sweet. 

btisfi^.     See 


Luscious,  ^]l>-  ^ti/d, 

Lust,  i^f^  »hahwat(^\.iJL:^^^  ihahwdt), 

Lustful,  ^Mfatiky  ^S^uJu  nafsdnh   A 

lustful  man,  vj|;  sanl. 
Lustfully,  if^^  Jio  }»iJb7  <Aa^f£^a^. 

Lustily,  ^y  J^  hikol  Hwat,  See  Vigor- 
ously. [Vigour. 

Lustiness,  lustihood,   iji  k&wat      See 

Lustration  (water  for),  ya^  toadu.  See 
Ablution. 

Lustre  (brightness),  Lj  diyd.  See 
Splendour,  Glitter. — (renown),  Julic 
^azomtf^,  Jul^  kardmat. 

Lusty,  1^^  ^att'l.     See  Vigorous. 

Luxate,  f .  (disjoint),  ^1^  khala^,  CJii 

fak,  '^  fatdkh.     See  Dislocate. 
Luxation,  i^  fa^hh,  cLkrl  inhhila^. 
Luxuriance,  luxuriancy,  )o\j5\  ifrdt,  ij^ 
kastrai,  ijij  wafrat,  Lfit/^' 

Luxuriant,^^#ii^  kaslr,  ji\j  wdfir,  u^}^ 
Luxuriantly,  ^Ij^^yj  hi  naw^n  wdfir^ 

Luxurious,  hi^jL  v,,^fv.lig  idhxh  shard" 
hat,  wcj:^  mutana^^m. 

Luxuriously,  vu7  Ji^  hikol  tana^^m. 

Luxury,  Inxuriousness,  j^xJ  tana^j^m, 

Lycanthropy  (a  kind  of  madness,   in 

which  men  have  the  quality  of  wil4 

beasts),  c-^^  katrah. 


^ji^gf  '•  (telling  a  lie),  C-^IS^  haal] 
(reclining),  ^/z^  muttald. 

Lymph,  fj^^\  (•L^^  ^  s4f^  ^^ 
di^lJIj  m&iai  tatfi  ft  ajidm  d  kf- 
iodn  wdl  nahdt. 

Lynx,  9,  J^  fahd.  And  he  had  boi 
upon  his  head  like  the  tails  of  horses,  asd  tfs 
eyes  like  two  burning  coals ;  and  he  kad  t 
third  eye  in  his  forehesd,  like  the  eje  of  (be 
lynx,  rrom  which  there  appeared  sftAs  d 

fire,  J-^1  L^\j,i\  ^j\idJ\jJ/lL 


jU\jj^»  If^  ^^  j^\  ^^ie-4 

Lyre,  9,  Jjc  ^nd.    See  Harp. 


M. 


M  has  in  English  one  unvaried  soond, 

and  is  expressed  in  Arabic  by  a  ;  £ 

j^  kamar,  *  The  moon.' 
Maccaroni  (thin  paste),  ^^X»^  >"^^^ 

ran.  J^U  maianml. 
Mace,  #.   (sceptre),    u,.^j,<7^  kadlb;  (a 

club  or  staff  plated  with  silver  or  gdj 

carried  before  great  men),  Lof  ^. 
Macerate,  v.  (make  lean),  cm^  (Iff^tfff; 

(to  mortify  the  flesh),  ^j^\yJ  bato 

annaf9,  CL^Ul  amdt 
Maceration  (making  lean),  ^_  o^»-^''  ^ 

^t/;  (mortification  of  the  flesh),  ijl«^ 

amdtat;  (steeping),  wft3  nuib^. 
Machinate,  9.  Jls^t  ihtdl,  ZL^Ja; 

^ama/  ^12^^.     See  Contrive,  Plan. 
Machination,  <lL>»  Af^o^,  JLs.»-\  AH- 

ydl,  Ju^  iU»ye^.  See  Contrivance,  Prand 
Machine,  «.  ^T  dldh,  or  ZiT  a/<i^  (]^ 

e^'ll  aZa^),  ^^llJ J  iu2ei3.    See  Engifi^* 
Machinery,  ^^^v)  duldhl. 

Mad,  (jiy^  majnUn.    To  be  mad  int^ 
love,  ^y^  maftHn. 


MAO 


(793) 


]£Aa 


Mad,  madden,  r.  (make  mad),   ^^^^^ 

jannan,  (j^*^  ^^i^^^  ^amalaho  majnUn; 

(to  be  or  become  mad),   ^yj^  J^ 

idr  mqfnUn,  ^^^^  jan. 
Madam,  U1  jL*  mdddmd.        [See  Mad. 
Mad-brained,  mad-cap,  ^j^y^^  majnUn, 
Madder,  n^fuwih. 
Mad  dog,  s.  ^Ul^  S-^  ^^  lalbdn. 
Made  {part,  of  make),  J^*a^  maf^l, 

^y.\.0A^  nunnU^,   fJy.AJfi^  fna^ul, 

fJxAi^  munfa^tl. 
Mad-house,  $.  ^l::^^^  marttdn, 
^dly»   Ki>r^.   hijunun,   ^y^\  J2^ 

Madman,  «.  ^^^^^  mqfnUn, 

Madness,  ^y^  junUn.     The  madness 

of  youth,  c^LuJf  ^^.^junUn  ashaha- 
Sad,    They  said,  Thoa  ravest  upon  him  whom 


thou  lorest.  And  I  replied,  The  sweets  of 
life  are  only  enjoyed  by  tne  mad.  Well,  I  am 
mad :  then  bring  me  him  upon  whom  I  raye, 
and  if  he  cure  my  madpeas,  do  not  blame  me, 

fadrigal,  i.  (pastoral  song),  ij^\}\  if  Jcmoj 
k€tsidat  arrd^. 

ag^azine,  s.  ^'*^  makhnan;  (of  arms), 
^)Lu^\j\j  ddr  aualdh, 

aggoty  9.  SJjJ  dUidat. 

Btgi  (worshippers  of  fire),  (jm^je^  mu- 

'USm    One  of  the  Magi,  i^y^  majutH, 

rtie  religion  of  the  Magi,   <<j..i«y^ 

najiJmyiU,  And  afterwards  she  enehanted  the 
'ity  and  all  in  it.  The  inhabitants  of  our 
ity  were  of  four  classes — Muslims,  Christians, 

e^vrs,  and  Magians,  ^«X4]\  KZJjsr^  J 


Magician,^ Li  9dhirf  jsr*  sahhdr.    See 

Enchanter,  Necromancer. 
Magicians,  ijjss^  saha/rat. 

Magisterial,  ^^JcL/i  mutakdbhir,  l^-^^-I^ 
X^Jb  sdhtb  hayhat.  See  Arrogant, 
Lofty,  Proud. — (such  as  suits  a  lord 
or  master),  ^^^\^  hdhiml. 

Magisterially,  jSsj  hi  takahhwr.  See 
Proudly. — (suitably  to  a  master),^*^^^ 

j^\y  hi  hukmin  wa  amr,  ^^j  t)^  ^*^^ 
riydiat. 
MagisterialnesSy^^IC  iakdhhur.  See  Pride. 

Magistracy,  ^yl».  huknmatf  ij)j  wald- 
yatt  (Li^^j  riydiat,  LjS  kadd. 

Magistrate,  «.  ^U-  hdkim. 

Magnanimity,  iuJb  himmat 

Magnanimous,  <C4Jb  ^^'>'\^  idhih  him' 
mat,  iA^]  ^Ic  ^all  al  himmat,  ^Is*^ 
ihujd^  i^^  ^^^fwLg  Bdhih  shawkat, 
jy**>'  joiHr. 

Magnanimously,  SUjb^  hi^ulu  himmat. 


report  of  whose  good 
qualities  the  cararans  have  borne  abroad,  and 
whose  fame  has  been  published  in  the  provinces 
and  cities  for  liberality  and  beneficence,  par- 
don  and   clemency,   and  granting  fayoars, 

Magnet,  ^^^Wjt^  maghnatU.  See  Load- 
stone. 

Magnetical,  magnetic,  ^c^^^a^^n^  magh" 
natua.  See  Attractive. — The  magnetic 
needle,  4^l3  <LLi  hiblat  ndma. 

Magnetism,  ^jMJl3;jLi!l  ^^y>-  khawds  al 
maghnatU,     See  Attraction. 


(794) 


HAI 


Magnifioenoe,  l£yt  shawtai,  a^^oc  ^ 
mat,  Jlbr  j^h  iMk-  y«^«Wi 

io^  wa  ikb&l,  i^jJ^  nha/raf.  See  Gran- 
deur, Splendour. 
Magnifioent,  JUJl  wc^-UtOM  ^>2fi/, 

yaft?,  v-Jjy-1  t^oH/,  jiir*^  mtf/aiA^^m. 
See  Grand,  Pompous,  Splendid.— Most 
magnificent,  Mp\  akram,  Jar.]  a^%am. 

And  when  he  had  finished  the  recitation  of  his 
Teraes,  he  desired  to  take  up  his  harden  and 
depart ;  hut  lo,  there  came  forth  to  him  from 
that  door  a  young  page,  handsome  in  counten- 
ance, comely  in  stature,  and  magnificent  in 

apparel,  A  a  Vi  > ^  Xj^  ^^  ^ji  L«jJ 

jll?  JJ  3\jj^^^  asU»5»- J-«^  ^b\;^ 

j^Uil^li  JJiil  ^  ^^\  ^ir*^ 

Magnificently,  l^tiae,  JO  hikol  ^Matnat, 
JUb^jJc  Jio  hikol  ^tsa  toajaldl. 

Magnified,  J^*^  mu^afaam,  m,s^  mu- 
fahhkham.         {Jakhkhim,  jx^  mw^iw. 

Magnifier,  «.  ^la*^  wtt^<isam,  j»-i*^  ww- 

Magnify,  <7.  a^^  fakhkham,  Jiie.  casss^zm, 
aJ^^  karramfjS.  ^oss.  See  Extol,  Ex- 
aggerate, Exalt,  Elevate. 

Magnitude,  iu*j  t&tM&a^,  «lss****  fashat, 
jS  kubr.    See  Size,  Largeness,  Bigness. 

Magpie,  «.  J^uc  cfl^^ai.  A  green  mag- 
pie, j)/^  shakrdk. 

Maid,  maiden,  «.  vj^-^  5i>i<.  The  Yirgin 
Mary,  J*:v-!^  /^^  meiryam  aZ  hatnl. 

Maiden,  adf.Jj  Ukr. 

Maidenhead,  maidenhood,  SjUj  hak&rat, 
SeeYirginity. — To  take  a  maidenhead, 
ij\SJi\  ^y\j\  ttzal  al  hakdrat.  See 
Violate. 


MAI 


Maidenhair  (a  plant),  ^\  J/^  i» 
harai  al  ^r. 

Maidenly,  (j^oJt  J^  mitS  al  hiad. 

Maidservant,  *•  ^i^  JL^  ihddtmd  • 
Juliet  khadddmai.     Bee  6kve  g^ 

Mail  (annour),  ^ J  dir^^  (pi.  ^*3^  i^ 
^t»  tV*^  durii^)»  Armed  wi&i 
coat  of  mail,  9  J»>3l^  jww^oiflrrf^  Ti» 
intertextnre  of  the  rings  of  a  coal  d 

mail,  Cfjj  mrad.   I  had  an  army  ciS- 

prising  a  thousand  thousand  bridles,  cem^ttA 
of  haray  men  with  spean,  coats  of  mail,  <^ 

swords,  and  strong  anna,  ^  ^^  ^, 

Mail,  s.  (bag,letter.bag),  ^^^^'  u^ 

kis  al  pdstajX  L^\L^\  i^^  to  * 
tnakdtlh.  See  Bag.       [Lame,  Woimt 

Maim,  v.   \stL»  sakkat,  j^  utwrnm-.  Sa 
Maim,  $,  laA-a  «fl*tf^,   rj^  jmrL    ^ 

Wound,  Lameness,  Defect. 
Maimed,  ^^/f^  tnqfruh,  )al^  oakaL 
Main,  <w^'.  JJ\  flerw«/,  j»Sa^  m^dadd» 

See  Chief,  Principal.— (important),  •** 

m«^m ;  (forcible,  violent),  c/ji  A**^"- 
jj  Jjli  «^<w?i<?.     The  main  (chief  part:, 

lab.  See  Sum,  Total.— Main  or  nuus 
force,  ilJu2i  shiddat.  The  main  cr 
ocean,  U^^g^^^*^  ^oAar  al  muML  A 
main  (hamper),  J--jj  a«tW.  Srf 
Basket— The  main  chance,  ^^-Jl  ^ 
nafs  al  amr.  The  mainland,  main,  5* 
continent,  J  har.  See  Earth.— Tt* 
main  land  and  main  ocean,  ^sa^ji^  l<r 
ioa  hahr. 
Mainly,  Ulc  ^hdlihan^  ij\  mnnaZfli.  See 
Chiefly, — (powerfully),  Sji  Jij  >tf^* 


HAK 


(795) 


UAL 


ICain-masty  9.j^\  ^^^\  au&r^  dl  ha- 
llr.  The  main-Bail  or  main-aheetj 
j^\  ^  M^  «/  hablr, 

Itfaintain,  v.  (affirm),  j^  iarrar ;  (to 
defend  by  argument  or  proof),  ^j) 
harhan;   (to  continae),   a^Ij  ddwam^ 

ki^^  iitamar.       [yutah&fMk^  ^nmko. 


Kaintainable  (justifiable), 


s^ 


L^ 


Kaintenanoe,  ^ZJ^  kut,  dLi^x^  ma^hat. 
See  Lining,  Pood,  Snstenanoe,  LiToli- 
hood. — (support,  defence),  diails^  mu- 
hdfiuai,  fiUi>-  himdffoi.  See  Continu- 
ance, De&nce,  Support,  Proteotion. 

Main-topmast,  «.^^;^\  t^jLalf  ^jm\j  rds 
assdri  al  kdblr. 

&£aje8tio,  ^^  mulalA^  iS^^  J^h 
^^^^L^^^'^>-\^idhibhaybaL  See  August, 
Imperial,  Pompous,  Splendid,  Magni- 
ficent, Lofty,  Sublime. 

Majestically,  Juk^  J^  htkol  ^manuU, 
aSipT  J^  hikoljaldlat. 

Majesty  (dignity),  illp^  jaldlat,  ^UJb 
haybat;  (king's  address),  i^.d>-  hadraL 

Major,^\  ak8ar,j^\  ahbaTf  Jacl  B^tam. 
See  Greater. 

Major,  t.  (military  officer),  ,<^U CJsjj 

htk  hdshl  (Turkish).  A  majordomo,^U 
,^fS^\nduiralmatbahh.  The  major  (first 

proposition  of  a  syllogism),  ,^jShuhra^ ; 
(of  full  age),  ^\i  haligh. 

Majority, ^^1  aksar;  (fuU  age,  end  of 
minority),  4  ^  hdHgK  To  arriye  at 
majority,  kl\}j\^  i&r  haligh. 

Make,  v.  (J«3  fa^l.  See  Act,  Do,  Prac- 
tise, Perform,  Execute,  Form,  Con- 
struct, Compose,  Create,  Commit,  Com- 
pel, Poroe,  Cause. — ^To  make  away, 
make  away  with  (kill),  J:ui  hsM. 
See  Sill,  Destroy .-^To  make  aooount 


(redkon),  c^L*^  J.4X  ^amal  huah. 
See  Compute.— (to  believe),  ^j^\ 
amofi.  To  make  account  of,  j«i£^  i^Uh 
Jtar*  See  Esteem. — ^To  make  free  with 
(treat  without  ceremony),  cJJicl^  ^j 

rafa^atiakllf.    To  make  good  (prove), 

jjj  harrar,  j^\  anhoTy  ^j:^^  iohhat. 

To  make  Ioyo,  fJJji*£'  ^hsk,  ^Us:^  ^Ja^S' 

^mai  muhahhat  See  Court ;  and  under 
Love. — To  make  of  (produce  effect), 

J\  auar ;  (to  undeiistand),  ^  feh$m. 
See  Comprehend. — ^To  make  out  (ex- 
plain), m^  fahham.  See  Prove.— (to 
make  clear  to  oneself),  \lS^jC\  adrak. 
To  make  up  (reconcile),  JL^  s&lah ; 

(to  compound),  w*^  rahkab ;  (to  com- 
plete), *4J  Umimam.    And  she  smiled, 

and  said  to  him.  Did  I  not  toll  thee  that  he  was 
the  son  of  a  Sultan  P  Bj  God  2  I  will  make 
him  crncifj  thee  upon  a  piece  of  wood  worth 

a  oouple  of  pieces  of  silver,  \^^^**»m 

js,  ciCLu  ^  -LjUi  j^sA  ail, 

Make  (form,  stature),  ^m^^y  UtrMb, 
ijya  HLrat,  jLiU  thakl.  See  Pigure, 
Shape.  [sdm^. 

Maker,  i.  J^U^dm»7,  ^JAifd^,  ^\^ 

Maladministration,  8j\Ji\  i*J^  ^adam  al 
iddrahf  ^Ua:i1  aJ^  ^adam  annwdm. 
See  Mismanagement. 

Malady,  «.  (j0^  marad,  ^r^  ^(^^i; 

See  Disease.  Shouldest  thou  not  hare  pro- 
ceeded in  the  path  of  yirtue,  and  accelerated 
the  cure  of  thy  maladj,  and  blunted  the  edjj^ 
of  thy  iniquity,  and  restrained  the  propensity 
of  thy  soul,  which  is   thy  worst   enemy  F 


C^jssS  «L&  bsJJij  cJStj  iJ^ 


MAN 


(796) 


MAS 


Malaperty  malaperiness,  etc*  See  Sancy. 
Malcontent  (dissatiBfied),  ^\jj^^kiyr 

rdil.     See  Discontented. 
Male,  ^ J  tahar  (pL  ^j^J  wukdr).    Male 

and  female,  lAJ^^^^  wdkar  u>a  unia^. 

A  male  animid,  fJ^faM.  See  Stallion. 
Malediction,  «.  iiji  lacnat    See  Cane. 
Malefaction,  u^  J  sand.    See  Crime. — 

A  malefactor,   /^/-f^  mujrim.      See 

CriminaL 
MalcTolenee,  malice,  malicionaness,  ma« 

lignity,  i^\jj  raddwat. 
Malevolent,  maliciooa,  malignant,  ^LjI 

i^Jj  tntdnradl.  ThemaleYolent(men), 

4U^1  UJ>\iJ\  arhdb  a/  hakad. 
Malevolently,    maliciously,    malignity, 

malignly,  ajJ^^Uj  h^hdyatinradiyah. 
Malign.    See  Unfavourable,  Infectious. 
Mall,  mallet,  «.  '^^^  ehdiuj. 
Mall,  malleate,  v.  ^/Is^V  JJ  dah  M 

ehdkuj.  [fcj^jW-  ^ubdttl. 

Mallow   (a  plant),    iji^  khubhayzat, 
Malpractice,  ^^Jj  J.4X  ^amalradl,  SjU 

^<V-i>3  ^adld^  ibi^fAa^,  ii^l J^  raddufat 

Malversation,  iLcw  ^ife^.  See  Knavery, 

Artifice. 
Man  (mankind),  ^LjI  irudn,  jLi  ha- 

shar ;  (a  male  of  the  human  species), 

ij^j  rajoh  A  common  man,^  nafar. 

But  if  tbou  forget  my  lesson,  and  reject  my 
admonition,  then  the  ashes  of  thy  hearth  wiU 
he  scanty,  and  thy  family  and  thy  people  will 
slight  thee.  My  son,  I  have  had  experience 
of  the  realities  of  things,  and  made  trial  of  all 
the  Ticissitudes  of  forUine,  and  have  seen  that 
riches  are  more  respected  than  rank,  and  that 
a  man's  property,  not  pedigree,  ia  inquired 


about,  cy  .X-Jj  •  Jjj^  u;^ 


Manage,  v.^^J  daUar^jJ^X)  hd»ktrfS> 

See  Oovem,  Conduct,  Treat 
Manageable,  jj>^jcjf  JjU  koMiltidi^. 
Management,  ^  J^  iaibfr^  ^j^\^  ^ 

hdsharai^    £L«U^   mu^dmdkU,  j^ 

^mal.  See  Admimstration,  Conduct,  Ba- 
terity.  Practice.  WhatsoeTer  thoa  dost  I  it 
requite  thee  for  it,  and  thon  wilt  be  ifivded 
for  it;  for  thou  ni  experienced  in  tileiBaMf^ 
ment  of  affairs,  and  yery  clerer  in  intrige. 
and  ererything  that  is  difficnlt  beooodli  & 

to  thee,  <uU  (1^  ][p^\  JlJuJu  'vili 

Manager,  «.  J»L«  infli5a«A«r,  J^^  w^ 

See  Conductor,   Gbvemor,  Admisi!- 

trator. 
Mandate,  «.  aJ1>-  huXmf  ^f  osif ,  V^' 

tawAyah.    See  Command,  Commissi^ 
Mandatory,  v.f^l  amiri. 
Manes,  JLs^  Jchaydl.     See  Ghost 
Mange,  manginess,  «.  s^^/imi.  See 

Scab.  [m0&a/|f),  J^Jl«  mflivt^' 

Manger,  b,  uJ,U><  fMflaf  (pL  u^Ia* 
Mangy,  ^^Vt^T  jarhdn.     See  Scabby. 
Manhood  (in  opposition  to  womanhooi} . 

^\^J\y,,t:^jin8ttrrujdL  Theage^ 

puberty,  ^^j  rajuUyat.  And  wheel 

grewup,  and  had  attained  to  manhood,  iDTf!^^ 
was  admitted  to  the  mercy  of  God,  \aist: 
me  wealth,  and  serrants,  ana  other  depesdtf^ 


I  ^:^^ 


Maniacal,  ^y^  fM^'&n. 
Manifest,^!!?  %ahir,  ^\^  wdOky  £ 


MIN 


(797) 


]£AE 


muitadihf  ^*  m\Mt^  mtutahin,   ^Ij 

hdym,  [cover,  Explain. 

Manifest,  v.j^\  anhar.   See  Show,  DLb- 

Manifestabley^U?  %dhir,j^  ytuhar. 

Manifestation,  manifestness,  jl^l?!  «sAdr, 
j^  zuhar.  See  Discoveiy,  Publica- 
tion, Cleamess. 

Manifestly,  fybU?  %&hiran.  See  Evi- 
dently, Clearly. 

Manifesto,  «.  JlsJl  ijya  t&rat  al  hah 

Manifold,  ytic^  mutakam. 

Mankind,  ^Jl  _jj  hanl  ddam,  ^jioi^ 
j^\  jim  albiwhary  jJ^\  ^^  hanl  al- 
bashar. 

Manna,  ^  mann. 

Manner,  ^^  waflif  (JiJ^  tairik,  J^y^ 
manwal,  vli^l.o  ttdnk,  if  jU  ^dat.  See 
Habit,  Custom,  Way,  Mode. — (dispo- 
sition of  the  mind),  Jb\s>^  khdtir, 
c-^^A^  mashrab,  ^\yt  miaULj;  (sort), 

j^A*3  kism,  \j0t^  jinSf  ^y  naw^.  See 
Kind. — (air,  oast  of  the  look),  i^^ 

toctfhfjojtuauir.  See  Mien.  And  she  pro- 
ceeded to  conBole  him,  and  to  alloTiate  hu  sor- 
row, and  to  relate  to  him  some  laugh-exciting 
narrations  and  tales,  until  she  succeeded  in 
TWttiring  him  laugh  in  the  most  violent  manner ! 


c;!;-^^ 


jLJr^^  I^jXmJ  lZJj\^^ 


fazmerly  (polite),  ^s^  fnahauab, 
c^ol  L,-"^^-"  9dh%b  adab,  i^^Jy 
muaddah.  See  Civil,  Ceremonious.  - 
(politely),  ujy  JJJ  hOol  luff,  Jij 
hkol  Muham, 


Eanners,  c^\jt  ddah,  jlU>\  ahM&h. 
See  Morals,  Politeness,  Civility,  Cere- 
mony. 

[anBion,  #.  c:^  hayt,  ^b  dar,  Jj:^ 
fnanMid,  i*lLt  makdm^   yj^   makdn, 


^jLm^   nuukan.    See  Abode,  House, 

Kesidence.  He  therefore  deposited  his  burden 
with  the  doorkeeper  in  the  entrance-passage, 
and,  entering  the  house  with  the  page,  he 
found  it  to  be  a  handsome  mansion,  presenting 

an  appearance  of  joy  and  majesty,  \^ 

J^33  (juJI  W^^  ^^^^  l^b 

Manslaughter,  (jmLJI  Jij  ib^^  annatf. 
See  Homicide,  Murder. 

Mantle,  «.  ^lai.^  manto.    See  Cloak. 

Manual,  ^Jj  ya(£(ff  (performed  by  the 
hand),  Jull  ijc^  san^t  dlyadd.  A 
manual  (small  book),^;*^  l^\:^  hii&h 
taghir. 

Manufacture,  Jaa  ^amal,  hc^  san^at, 
iij^isui[^  m&nlfaUUra, 

Manufacturer,  9.^\^  tdm^.  See  Maker, 
Artist,  Artificer. 

Manumission,  ^Jsa  ^ati,  l1^  fak.  The 
manumission  of  a  slave  after  the  death 
of  his  master,  tJU^  Jjcj  JukI!  ,  wsc 
2L>-litf  ^a^^  oL  ^d  ha^  mawt  sdhibiho. 
An  Arabian  formula  of  manumission, 
^L)  iju^t  a»^»  Bdybah  {},$.  You  are 
free). 

Manumit,  v.  fJiA  a^takf  j;i^l  a^^£. 

Manurable  (capable  of  cultivation),  J^ 

Manuscript,  Jj  lafL  c^l;^  ib'^&  il^^  yiM^. 

Many  (a  great  many),^^«2^  kasir.  How 
many  ?  Jo-I^  ^^  kam  wdhid  f  Many 
times,  hj  g^l^  c:.^!^  »Mrrd^  Jl«»fraA. 
Many  coloured,  ^t^Jf^^^i^  ib^fr  a/  a^ 

ird».  Many  words,  fH^iji^kiiratkaldm, 
Map,  <.  jAt^IsL  khdrita. 
1^91,9,  j^^dar^jM/S^khaitar.  See  Harm, 

Hurt,  Injure,  SpoiL 
Marble,  j^j^  marmar,  J^j  rikhdm ; 


KAB 


(798) 


]£AB 


(made  of  marble),  ^^j  rUhdml, 

y^ff  marmari.     They  then  passed 

on  and  found  a  saloon  oonsfancted  of  polished 
marble,  adorned  with  Jewels.  The  beholder 
imagined  that  npon  its  floor  was  ninninF  water, 
■ad  if  any  one  walked  npon  it  he  woud  slip, 

^j^l  jii^ys\i  ^^Lu^  i}^^***^  (^^J 

Marcasite,  Ua^JtJjU  or  llJLJjU  mario' 

$hUd, 
March  (month),  j\j\  addr. 
March,  r.  ^J^^^  meshJ. 
March,  «.  ,  ^JL^  nuuhl. 
Marches.     SeeBorders,  Confines,  Limits. 
Marchpane,  «.  \X>^  halawa  (pi.  (j:j\j^^- 

hudtoiydt). 
Mare,  «.  ^j*»^  /ar«,  <U^  faroidh.    • 
Margarite,  «.  iUj)  luliyih.     See  Pearl. 
Margin,  ^Ull^  hanhiyah.     The  marg:in 

of  a  page,  A^l>.  Ad«AiyaA  (pi.  15^  \^ 

Aatra^^!). 
Marginal.    A  marginal  note,  ^lJ«W  ha- 

Myah.    To  write  marginal  notes  on  a 

book,  ^Lj4l>-  c-:^  i^^<>i  hdshiyah. 
Marine,  i^jOsT  hahrl.  A  marine  (soldier), 

^Jjse:^,  i^X^jx.  ^oikari  hahrh 
Mariner,  «.  uf/=^  iaArf. 
Maijomm  (a  fragrant  plant),  fJJi\ 

hahak  alfllf  \^f^jj^  martanyUsh 
Maritime  (belonging  to  the  sea),  ^^ 

hahri;    (bordering  on  the  sea),  ^Jl^ 

jss:i\  (J^-L>  ^ala*  sdhil  al  hahr, 
Mark,  /.  LAe.  ^aldmat  (pi.  d^Uie  ^aJd- 

mdt),  ij\J^\  ishdrat    A  mark  or  proof, 

iLf  ^iydr.    The  stamp-master's  mark 

on  gold  or  silyer,  ^^  J  damghah, 
Mark,  v.  Jx  ^aHam,  LJifi'  ^)a£'  ^mal 


aldmatj 


^J 


raoam.    To  mark  with 


orthognphicil  pointa^  ^/^  *^' 
iali  ndkkat.  To  mark  or  take  notiee 
of,  la>JI  i!dA«B.     To  mark  weighti  (r 


measniea,^  eW-r. 

Marker,  9.  ij\JLl\  J^U  ^dJutZtf/iti^ 

Market  or  market-plaoe,  a.  ^^  '^j ;*! 

hdsdr\  (buying  and  selling).  Lit  wj 

hay^waohird.  A  market-day  y^^ju^*' 

yatrm  oi  hdtdr.   The  market  sr  cms^ 
price,^U«a!tf  Jujli  kdymat  al  ot^r.  ^ 
long^gtoamarket,  c^^jV  ^^b^"'-  ^ 
dull  market,  jU*^  kaodd. 
Market,  v.  (j^^|^  ^Ij  ^a^  wo  itkim, 

j>-\3  tdjar.     See  Deal,  Traffic 
Marketable,  \J^^  w^  «kJlc  ^^lioyAi  ^i 

tea  «Atra,  j\j\j  ^uJlc    ^«2flyAi  Mscf 

Marksman,  «.  ^asrlwLJ  nUA^ti/t. 
Marmoset,  «.  ^1iX«^  M^i2a».    SeeAp^ 
Marriage,  ^^sfTj  %ljah,  A  marriage  e&iff* 

tainment,  (jm^  ^m^'*     There  is  1^' 

among  the  Kings  of  the  Sea  any  oee  ip" 
▼iolent  and  hasty  than  her  lather,  nor  isthr 
any  one  of  greater  power  than  he.  Tber^ 
acquaint  not  thy  son  with  tiie  case  «f  i-' 
queen  nntil  we  demand  her  in  mamact  *' 
him  of  her  father;  and  if  he  fafoor  e  ^ 
assenting  to  our  request  we  praise  Godiv^^ 
name  be  exalted !] ;  and  if  he  rejeft  ib.  v- 
marry  her  not  to  thy  son,  we  will  n*^ 
at  ease,  and  demand  in  maniage  ssat^ 


*U^  ujiajj  ^yMM;i.    When  be 

beauty  became  celebrated,  and  her  famt  ^-^ 
throughout  the  surrounding  conntrtfs.  i^  *^ 
Kings  sent  to  her  father  to  reqoest  her  t'  b3 
in  marriage ;  and  he  consulted  her,  sod  b:  > 
conyersation  with  her  aboat  the  manu^f  ^, 
she  disliked  it,  and  said  to  her  hti^- ' 
father,  I  hsTe   no  wish  at   all  t»  a*^ 


MAB 


(799) 


HAS 


Marriageable,  isTpl  ^^  kharjasxijat; 

(arrived  at  the  age  of  puberty),  jJb 

bdliffh  (fern.  iii\{  hdliffhaty 
Married,  -.  ^j^  muiowwaf  (fern.  *^jj/« 

tnuxawwajat).  A  married  woman,  afj^\ 

Marrow,  Jjj  ail*.     The  spinal  marrow, 

claT  nakhd^ 
Marry,  i?.  (take  a  wife  or  husband),  ^^Jj 

tatauncaj,  Jjb*\j  iaahhal;  (to  join  a  man 

and  woman  in  matrimony), -.j^J  tawwaj. 

Now  if  thou  desire  to  possess  ibis  damsel,  and 
to  marry  her,  sit  here  and  wait  for  her,  for 
they  come  on  the  first  day  ot  every  month  to 

this  place,  *JUb  «Jilw  ^\  ^ZJJtJ\  \3\j 

Mars  (planet),  ^r^  marrikh,  jJt}^\  al 
kdhir.  The  two  malignant  planets. 
Mars  and  Saturn,  ^M.rvUl  al  nah^n. 

Marsh,  s,  J^j  wahl. 

Marshal,  %,  ^.^us,  j^  tir  ^kar.     See 
-General. — (a  harbinger),  jUiJ  hltar, 
^^J^,  haysharush. 

Marshal,  v.  uJ^L^  <— tjflrf»  J-«^  ^amal 
su/Uf  sufaf,  u-itf  saf,  Uaj  mzam.  See 
Arrange. — To  marshal  or  lead  the  way, 
lJ'^j^.  J"*^  ^amal  haifsharilsh. 

Miart,  9.  (city  of  traffic),  ^  J^  bandar. 


partial. 


harhlf 


harhafi. 


See  Warlike. 
IkXartin,  martinet,  martlet,  «.  uJU)»^ 
khaUdf,     See  Swallow. 


Martingale,  «.  JcJu  ioUband. 

Martyr,^.  Oufl  skahXd  (pl.l  J^  Bhahada). 
To  martyr,  Ju^^  ^d:J  katalaho  shahld. 
See  Murder,  Destroy. 

Martyrdom,  if  jlfl  thahddat  A  place  of 
martyrdom,  iXf^L^  ma«Aa&u^.  To  be  mar- 
tyred, JufSi  LZ^U  mat  shakid. 

Marvel,  t^.  u.^^^^  to^ojJKii.  See  Wonder. 

Marvel,  •.  v*:^^  t^**»  c-^l^ii-ol  uti- 
ghrab.     See  Wonder. 

Marvellous,  *-^^  gharlh,  t-.^-^  ^fl;'*^ 
(pi.  v-^Ub^  ^'dyih),  ^  JJ  ioift^.  See 
Wonderful.  Ct^'*** 

Marvellously,  l-^^-jk^^^^  it  naw^n 

Masculine, jd(V«  mutakkar.  See  Male. — 
The  masculine  gender,  ^J^  muzakkar. 
To  put  in  the  masculine  gender,  ^^a^ 
^«3a!1  iffoda^  attatklr.     A  masculine 

woman,  ils^  faMaf. 

Mash,  8.  (confused  mixture),  Isi^  khalat^ 
\^z^mukhtalit,  Tomash,yL£v.^Atf/a^. 

Mask,  «.  (visor),  XjSf**^  ^^  wajh  mas- 
kharah;  (a  subterfuge),  <tL>.  hilat, 
<lLc  ^»7/a^.  See  Pretence. — (a  revel), 
ZjS^*^  maskharah.    See  Masquerade. 

Mask,  V,  (conceal  with  a  visor), 
maskhar. 

Masker,  -i***'*^  mumaskhir. 

Masked,  -i^**'*^*^  tnutamaskhar. 

Mason  (stone-cuttei),  J^li  fd^il,j 

hajjdr ;  (a  builder  with  stone),  uj  hannd^ 
J<^%jL^  mu^mdr. 
Mason's  rule, «.  -sTj  al/,  jUla^  mutmdr. 

Masquerade,  ijS^**^  maskhara.    To  mas- 
querade, Sjif**^  ^Ja^  ^atnal  maskhara. 
Mass  (large  quantity),  ijt^  kaiirat^j\jA^ 
mukddr  ^azlm;    (assemblage), 
>-  jam^.     See  Heap. 


MAT 


(800) 


MAT 


Massacre,  <Lca<  maktoM,  Js3  kaU.  To 
massacre,  ^J  aahah^  JiS  jb^.  See 
Murder. 

Massacred,  Jy^  nudUiU.  See  Murdered. 

Massiness,  massiTeness,  Jij  «A/.  See 
Weight 

Massive,  massy,  f^Jiac  ^a^m,  J«aj  iokil. 

See  Large,  Weighty. 
Mast,  «.  fc^l^  '^rS  (pi.  ^)^y^  soiffdri). 

Oak  mast,  L^  IMni. 
Master, «.  Jlh^  iritf^ii//iifi,  uy^l*^  «4iU}. 

See  Lord,  Chie(  Possessor,  Proprietor. 
— The  master  of  a  house  or  family, 
s.£^\  c-.c»-U  tUMh  al  hayt.  The 
master  of  a  feast,  ZJLi^I  Cy^ivLg  «S- 
Afift  addiydfat.  A  master  or  teacher, 
JjK^  ffltf^o^tm.     A  master  of  any  art 

or  trade,    jli^^l   uitdd^    J^l«  mdAiir. 

Master,  mister,  or  sir,  ^^^  khawdja. 

A  master  cook,  .^yJa^l  ^;^\  omlii  al 

mathdkh,  A  young  gentleman,  ^^f>- 

jJlc  khawdja  mtghlr. 
Master,  v.  (conquer),  f^\c.  ghdlab.    See 

OTerpower,  Govem,  Eule. 
Masterly,  adj.Jo\J^  shdtir.    See  Skilful. 
Masterpiece,  s.  ijc^\  ci^^^  J^^^  Ja^ 

ihugM  mu^allim  nddirfl  asaan^ai. 
Master8hip,mastery,^L^«iit/*tntf^a//tmtya^. 
Mastic  (a  gum),  l^L.^^  mattakd. 
Masticate,  v,  dXlf.  ^alak.  [madgh 

Mastication  (chewing),  CMe  ^o/^,  wo^ 
Mastiff,  9,jJi  c^  ;b/a  itf^f r.  See  Dog. 
Mat,  s,  y^iMdfw  AiMfraA.    A  mat  or  carpet 

on  which  they  kneel  at  prayer,  ^rjlsr* 

9ujjddah.  A  maker  of  mats,  CS^^s^ 
muhayyik  hu9r.  To  mat,  ,J<«b£ 
^ama/  Mmt.    See  Twist,  Weave, 

Entangle. 
Match,  «.  (of  a  gun),  £Lii  fatllat;    (a 


match  of  brimstone,  etc.,  for  Hg^tiig  a 
fire),Li-i^Wrl^;  (game).i*k. 
hat;  (an  equal),  ^^  fariii;  (nj. 
thing  resembling  or  talljisg  vith 
another),  ^  jj  sM^f,  <j:^^  cktfU  Sec 

Pellow,  Pair. 
Match,  9.  (to  be  equal  to),  Jjlc  toifi. 
^jlS  iordii ;  (to  confront),  JjIj  io^ii, 
|^io4;ViA;  (to8uit>proportioQ)ij2i 

tod/ak;    (to  join  in  marriage),  pj 

Matchable,  9.  i^^'m^  wnrndiih,  ji  m 
muwdjikf  j;jS  2ayi&  See  Saitaii& 
Correspondent. 

Matchless,  ^^j^ild  tdnl lako,j^ i>^ 
mdlaho  lunlr,  ^U^  )b  hUd  ihatok 

Matchlessly,  ^S^^JaJj^cyj  5tJMiP.»^' 

iMisfr  laAo. 
Matchlessnes8,^Ja:J1  ^J^  ^adamdnai, 

Matchmaker, «.  (marriage-broker),ii;U> 

^UJl  iamidrat  aadjai. 
Mate,  «.  (husband  or  wife),  ^j|j  <<^ 

(fem.  ^^J  suttfffat) ;  (oompamon),  Jr ; 

raflk.  Check-mate  (at  clie68),c^*l^^*« 
shdh  mdi. 
Material  (consisting  of  matter),  ^j:^ 

hayull,  ^ jU  mdddiyat,  (jS^  ^' 
Idnl ;  (important),  i^j^j^  darur^t  •** 
mtiAtm,  |«jlt  Idzim.  A  material  cai&i 
^  jL«  dJx  ct7A»^  maddiyai. 

Materiality,  <0  jL«  mdddiyat. 

Materially,  ^i^  ^yf  hi  teajkin  htfi- 

Idnl ;  (importantly),  i^jy^  J-^  ^ 
<l0rilra^. 
Materialness,  ij^j^  darHrai, 

Materials,  i^\J\  ashdh,  JLo^  flNM>^ 
Materials  for  building,  iSm^  kartdtk 
Maternal,  ^\  ummi. 


MAU 


(801) 


MAT 


Maternity,  <U«I  wnmiffot, 
Mathematicaly  i^^j  riydii,    ^XJb 

handasl.     See  GeometricaL 
Mathematically,    J^ct^l  i^^^^^y  ^Ix 

^^J^  t^^*  mfi;VJ  al  lawd^d  arri- 
y&dayat.     See  Geometrically. 

Mathematician,  (jmJl:^  muhandUy  jiX>^ 
muhandi%.     See  Geometrician. 

Mathematics,  i^\jj\  (^^\  al  cu/um 
arriyadiyat,  JLjj^I  Jla  ^pmalhanda- 
$at,  ^^\JJ^  #*jl^f  Jx^^  kawd^id  al 
^um  arriyadiyai.         [salut  al/qfir. 

Matins   (morning  prayers),  jsr\  i^ 

Matrice,  matrix,  Si^i\  f\  umm  al  awldd. 
See  Womb.— (a  mould),  ^JU  kdUh. 

Uiitriclde,  fO\  f^  kail  al  itmm. 

Patrimonial,  ^^?Cp  ^  ^joa^yakhutauijahy 

See  Conjugal,  Nuptial. 
kTatrimonially,  <^c%!  1  ^y^j  L^^>^y  _]lc 

^2(i'  i»iZ;Vi  ruiUm  aaaijak. 
{atroo,  <•  ^jiyls^  khdtUn. 
£atter,  j^jm^  jism,  i^  hiynidy  y^y>- 
jawhar,  if  jU  mddat  (pi.  J\yt\  amwdd). 
See  Substance. — (affJEur),  ^ya^  khu' 
9ii$,j^\  amr,  ^U-  ^Vv^  See  Thing, 
Business,  Subject — ^Purulent  matter, 
^  kayih.     See  Pus. 

iitter,  9.  (be  of  importance),  aJ5  ^mm. 


atthew,  ^^JL^  matta\ 

attock,  Jy^^  ma^^tro/. 

attress, «.  ^  liacf'  6jujifar%heh  tahtdnU, 

ature,  ^^^ium^  mtutawl.     See  Eipe. 

aturity,  |y;«j^  utiwd.   See  Completion, 

Kipeness. — (puberty),  ^jIj  hulnyhi- 

yaL  [jtakrdn. 

ladlin  (half  drunk),  ^\J^^^^Laj  ruuf 

lulf  V.  (m^jii  darah. 

iand,  #.  J-i^j  sumM,     See  Basket. 


Mausoleum,  ^^j  rawdah,  K.Jut  mak" 

harah,  ^y%  mazdr. 
Maw,  ijjL^  m$^ai.   See  Crop,  Stomach. 
Maw-worm,  t.  ^^^Ij^j  dud  al  hatn. 

See  Worm. 
Maxillary,  ^Jjfitkt. 

Maxim,  s.  iss-M  kd^tdah,  ^y\j  kdnUu. 

See  Axiom,  Rule,  Precept — I  therefore  took 
this  maxim  for  the  fifnidance  of  my  condact, 
and  made  it  the  leaamg-rope  of  all  my  oon* 
cemB  and  interests ;  so  tdat  I  never  entered  a 
ci^,  nor  did  I  Tenture  to  introduce  myself  into 
a  aen,  without  mixing  myself  with  its  ruler — 
like  the  mixingof  waterwith  wine — ^and  making 
myself  strong  under  his  good  auspices,  in  the 
same  way  as  bodies  receive  their  strength  and 

force  from  the  souls,  \sJb  CL^juarli 

May  (month),  jbl  ayydr. 

May,  aux.  v.  (pret.  might,  may  hare, 
might  have).  May  God  make  yon 
happy!  ^1^Jj(m>1  as^adakum  aUahf 


And  she  said,  May  God  cut  off  my  fitther,  and 
deprive  him  of  his  kin^;dom,  and  comfort  not 
his  heart,  nor  restore  him  from  estrangement, 
if  he  desire  a  person  more  comely  than  thou, 
and  aught  more  comely  than  these  charming 
endowments !  On  my  word,  he  is  of  little  sense 

and  judgment,  ^\  ^1  ^iaS  c:JLLj 
il\j.     And  he  said,  I  fear  that 


he  may  be  awake,  and  the  poet  has  said :  I 
loved  her  when  her  qualities  were  described ; 
for  sometimes  the  ear  loveth  before  the  eye, 

Jii  jjy  iJikib  ^/i  J  c^u.1  jUi 

\jLa^\  ^^\  JJ  Jnyujp  ^iJl^.  Arise 

and  procure  for  me  a  rope,  and  tie  one  end  of 
it  to  a  tree,  and  let  down  to  me  its  other  end, 
that  I  may  lay  hold  of  it.    Perhaps  I  may  so 

61 


M£A 


(802) 


UEA 


escape  from  my  present  state,  and  I  will 
give  thee  all  tiie  treaBures  that  I  poasees, 

^  ^\^x\  4  ^^",  Syr  ^ 

Maybug,  s.  Jjcf  /a^/,  A^A;:-;-  khunfese. 
See  Beetle. 

Mayor.     See  Magistrate. 

Maze,  s.  LJi^J  dulah.  See  Labyrinth, 
(confusion  of  thought),  Ij^p^hirat  See 
Amazement,  Irresolution,  Perplexity. 
— To  maze,^Ii>-  hayyar.  To  be  in  a 
maze,  jl::*^^  ihtar.     See  Astonished. 

Me  {pUique  case  of  I),  c5  «•  !><>  y<>^ 
know  what  he  said  to  me ?  *— i^  l^ 
J  JU  \  jU  Ao^  ta^if  fna%&  k&l  It  f 
She  said.  Make  the  experiment  on  me, 

/y  ^,j^\  J«r^  ^^  *«^  ^t*^ 
attajrihat  fiyya.--^  ft  in  the  dative 

case,  and  (J  nl  in  the  accusative  case. 

And  the  King  of  India  heard  of  me,  and  sent 
a  message  to  my  father,  requesting  him  to  send 
me  to  him ;  and  he  sent  to  my  father  various 
presents  and  magnificent  gifts,  such  as  wve 
suitable  for  Kings.  My  father,  therefore,  fitted 
out  for  me  six  ships,  and  sent  me  to  the  King 

of  India,  J^j\s  J^l  tl.<U  ^^  ^-wi 

^\^  i^'^\  J;^  df>U  ^ 

Mead  (meadow),  <-^  mofj  (pi.  ^^^ 

murnj).  [Bare. 

Meagre,  f^^Lssr  nahlf.    See  Lean,  Poor, 

Meagreness,  ^q*-/^  du^.    See  Leanness, 

Barrenness.  [daklk.     See  Flour. 

Meal  (ground  com),  ^^^^^  tahln,  j;-S  J 

Mean  (despicable),^^;«A>-  ?uiJ^,  c3 J  dani, 

^;i^(3  dun,  ^y^J  su$M.    See  Oohtemp- 

Uble,  Base,  Poor,  Humble,  PitifuL — 


—(middling,  moderate),  J*to»^  wt- 
tadil,  )qL^  wviawQwii ;  (m^aidly:. 
Jj^  ioilM/.  See  Sordid,  ATaiic»» 
—Of  mean  birth,  J-*^  <dU  «dWt«^ 
Mean,  t.  (mediocrity),  J^^xxc^  «t^ 
LrfA  ii^Ma^,  itLij  ti'Matef-  See  l^ 
dium.— (the  instrument  nf  measEt 
used  to  any  end),   lAa-a^^    «edii^A 

wih9h\     See  Cause. 
Meantime,  meanwhile,  in  the  mean  ti«s. 

Ui-J  haynamd,  U*x:»^  ^niama,  *uj 

/Imd. 
Mean,  r.  (signify),  ,^  ^"^ '  (™^ 

jwaS    ifewtfi.       See   Design,  Purpoee, 

Intend.  [ta^awwtg  wmk 

Meander  (winding  of  axiTer),^'^* 
Meanest,  ^/j  U  Ji-^  wfal  m&  ysfei 
Meaning  (design),  ^Js-  ^asm,  jL*  ""^ 

niyat.      See  Design,  Intention.— fs?- 
nification),  ^j>jl^  ma^nc^  (pL  J** 

mtf^Snf). 

Meanly,  s^\j^Jijhikoldanatc4t;  (wx* 
out  dignity),  JjUp-  J^  WW  Were 
uJp^L  5»7d  sharaf. 

Meanness,  Jjlto-  hahdrai,  J  J  i«^  ^* 
Baseness.— (want  of  liberality),  ^ 
U-»  ^fliam  MiWfi,  JasT  htihd.  S* 
Avarice,  Sordidness,  Niggardlintf*- 

Means  (revenue),  JU  maZ  (pi.  i^f 
amwdt),  jjj  rixk  (pL  j\jj\  ^' 
See  Fortune,  Wealth,  Biche8.-BTi^ 
means,  «;^jJ^  J^  ^;^  mmkeitl^^ 
See   Doubtless,    Certainty.—??' 

means,''lU1  a<20fi,'^ULSj  ''Lef  ^  ^ 
Aoft  mm  a/  tc^i^il^     See  Kerer- 


KEC 


(803) 


HES 


Meant,  JyoL*  maimd,  t>jft«  mafhud. 
See  Designed,  Signified. 

Ueaslea,  *,.nr*-  hatbe. 

Measurable,  (j^Lilt  JjU  MbilathiydB. 

Measure,  (jmIJ  kiya»,  jdJ  kadar.  See 
Proportioii,  Mean,  Portion,  Allotment; 
Measurement;  Quantity;  Moderation. 
— A  measure,  ^/wLa^  mikyds.  A 
measure  for  com  or  other  dry  goods, 
J-^  kayl  (pi.  JLi'l  alyal),  iLS  lay- 
lat.  Poetic  measure,^^«^1  \J^h^  ^^" 
%dn  ashsht^,  Yerse  without  just 
measure,  yj^jyra^  ghayr  tnamUn. 
Above  measure,  ^/mUj  h  lUd  Jnyds, 
Jk^)b  bila  hadd.  See  Immense. — As 
70U  measure,  it  will  be  measured  to 
you,  ^1  jJ  ^ JJ  U^  hamd  tddln  tuddn, 

Sleasure,  v.  f^\j  kds,  JIS^  kdl.     And  I 

made  a  mark  at  the  place  where  I  stood,  and 
went  round  the  dome  measnnng  its  eircam- 
ference,  and  lo !  it  was  fifty  paces  of  full  length, 


^^  Jf^  ^J^^  ijfy  J^  ^ 

leasured,  (J^^^  makyUl, 
feasurement,  (jmLj   kiyda.     Measure- 
ment of  ground,    <is^Luu«    masdhaL 
The  science  of  measurement  (geometry), 
4».tMuw«If  Jlc  ^ilm  al  masdhat 

[eaaarer,  «.  Jl^^  kayydh  A  land- 
measurer,  -.  Wt  massdh,  ^joJi\  ».LL« 
massdh  al  ard. 

eat  (flesh),  ^  lahm.  See  Pood. — 
(food),  aUL  ta^dm.  Boast  meat, 
c^U  kabdh. 

echanical,  mechanic  (skilled  in  me- 
chanics), CLifi\  ^^^Ji  ^  Jlc  ^lim 
^  tarkih  al  aldt;  (belonging  to  an  art 
^r  trade),  ^^Jj  yaddl,  (jj  <^9if .  See 
kCean,  Servile. 


Mechanically,  Cl>l^^1  Ac  c^-^^  ,<^ 

^aZa'  mtZ/ilft  ^tfet  al  harakdt 
Mechanic^  $.  LZJi\  ^U  idni^al&t.  See 

Artificer.  [^f7m  tarklh  al  aldt 


Mechanism,  mechanics,  CL:fti\  s^^y  Jie 
Medal,  9,  iL^  ttkks,  ij^  kUneh.     See 
Coin.  [meddle,  Deal,  Busy. 

Meddle,  v.  Js^^t  JJ  taddkhal.  See  Inter- 
Meddler,  t.  iUlx^.;*^  katir  yhalabeh^ 
lyioi^fudulX, 

Mediate,  v.  iLJ^^  JsL!jJ  taddkhal  wd- 
titah,  kwdy  tawassat.   See  To  interpose* 

Mediation,  ^U^  iM/d^t,  \a2fy  iawai* 
»it.    See  Intercession. 

Mediator,  b.  la^  «7(r«I^,  ^^Ll  lAo/t^. 

Mediatrix,  ^da^ilj  wdsitah. 

Medical,  ^^^  tibhh     The  medical  art, 

Medicinal,  ^J^  tibhi,  ^[j^  shd/h  See 

Healing,  Salutary. 
Medicinally,  medically,  Jlc  i^^^^y  _]l^ 

K^^\^\\  ^ala*  m^jih  ^Im  atttb. 
Medicioe,  JIa  ^Idj,  Ijj  dawd,  l1^ 

tibh.  Isdtat 

Mediocrity,  Jljc^l  i^tiddl,  JLtL^  u>a- 
Meditate^  v.  Jiij  tafakkar,  jyaH  tasauh- 

<^n  J»^'^  taammal.  See  Consider, 
Beflect,  Contemplate,  Think;  Con- 
trive, Plan. — To  meditate  on  the  issue 
of  any  thing,  j^Jl  iJ\c^  J^*'j  taam- 

fnalfi  fjikibat  al  umur.  And  when  he  heard 
his  words,  he  smiled  in  his  face ;  but  he  medi^ 
tated  upon  employing  some  artifice  against 
him,  and  said,  1  must  strive  to  effect  the  de« 

struction  of  this  man,  4^K  m.^^^^  Uli 
Meditation,  ^^S[ijf  ta/akhtr,  iylj  ialdwait 


HEE 


(804) 


BlKl* 


j^Si  fadilr,  J^'lj  iaammul,jyaj  tor 
sawwir.    See  Tbofoght. 

Meditative,  jJi'l::^  mutamiUl,  Jss^ 
muta/aUkir.  {r^m. 

Mediterranean  sea,  #.  ^^J\jb^,  hakr  or- 

Medium,  ^j  wattU.    8ee  Middle. 

Medlar,  #.  j^j^j  ua^rur.  The  medlar- 
tree,  j^^J  ijs^  ihajarui  ta^rikr. 

Medley,  «.  laL^  ihalt.     See  Mixture. 

Medley,  adj.  ^^Jr^  tnaM^t  See  Con- 
fused, Mingled. 

Medullary,  15^  muibUM. 

IS 

Meed.    Bee  Reward,  Present,  Gift. 
Meek,   *J.^  hailm,  m^^  9aHm.      See 

Gentle,  Mild.  [See  Soften. 

Meeken,  v.  ^»Ji>-  ^^^  ^malaho  haUm. 
Meekly,  A^-  J^  htkol  hUm, 
Meekness,    A>-  hUm.      See  Mildness, 

Gentleness.  [able. 

Meet.    See  Fit,  Proper,  Qualified,  Suit- 
Meet,  V.  (on  the  road,  encounter),  t^A^ 

8ddaf.     See  Encounter.— (to  assemble 

or  meet  together),  %-^i5^^  ^'tama^; 


(to  engage,  encounter),  l^j^  hdrdb. 
See  Fight.— To  go  out  to  meet  a  per- 
son on  the  road  on  purpose,  J-k£s-9\ 
iitakht^,  2(lj)U  ^  i^AS'  f^mal  laho  mu- 
Uikdh. 
Meeting,  part.  ^_^Sl<  mtdOkl,  uJjLa*« 

muwdif,    Bnt  the  chamberlain  met  her,  and 
said  to  her,  Whither  art  thou  going  ?  And  she 

answered.  To  the  bath,  L^  jL^i 

Meeting,  «.  (assembly),  (yJ^  tnajlis, 
Lju^  jam^f^at,  cU^yama^,  Jas^ 
mahfal.  See  Assembly. — (encounter), 
i\ji^  mulak&Jh  JUj  ^oiidl,  U^\y^ 
muw&doiai.     The  meeting  or  conflux 


of  streams,  J**«M«««Ji  ^j(^^i^ 
mafma^mmahrffh  ,<5sUor\cLMi- 

teim  0  pretender  to  Iotb  and  affietifl  ^ 
aLeepleBgnen,  tad  feeUnygs  of  raptnnwpiM 
and  ansety!  Dost  tiimi  seek  for  a  ism, 
Odeeeiv«d,  from  the  moon?  Boesa^ss^ 
attain  his  wish  from  the  moonF  I  «^ 
thee  to  ahitain  from  thjdedie.  Fortar,^ 
and  bewaie,  for  thou  art  exposed  to  per.' 

^r^" '  *>  ttT-^  J^rJ  cT-  '^  ^-^ 
^\  JUi  J^  ♦^  ,:rJ^Mf^ 

/^ 

Meeting-house,  ^^/Asr*  «wfKt. 
Meetly,  meetnees.     See  Fitly,  Rtaes. 

Megrim,  ^/^y^t^-?  «w;«t  *^*  ^ 

Head-ache. 
Melancholy,  *.   b^  «flirite,  j^c  ^k^^ 

^d^srlU  mAnOA^^uiA.  See  Giiet 
Melancholy,  melancholic,  ^j>'  ^ 
fjAjsr^  mah&tin.  See  Gkwmy-miB^ 
Dismal. — To  make  melancholy,  *^ 
^hamm.  To  dispel  melancholy,  ^^ 
^1  axdl  al  gham.     To  be  or  tesei 

melancholy,  Ju\  angham. 

Melilot  (plant),  CJLC^  JJ^  ^' ' 

m«Zt%. 
Meliorate,  r.     See  Better,  Improve. 

V*. 

Melliferous   (producing  honey),  y^ 

Mellifluent,   mellifluous   (flowing  «"- 
honey),  J-*U  ^asO,  J--**  »«t*^ ' 

Mellow,  tjyu*-«  i»t»tofrf.  SceB> 
—(soft),''  j»r:U  iwJ^m;  (intoxicJ»^ 
^yL.  M^trfin.    See  Drunk. 

Mellow,f^.(becomemature),t/p^«^^'* 

(to  mi^Le  mature),  i^y^^  ^  ^ 
gaatat^. 


jlE*1& 


(805) 


VES 


Uellovness,  \ji^\  ittkad.    See  Bipeneae. 
— (BoftneBs),  ^y6  wu^mai. 

&[elodions,  ^Jeu^  midrib.    Bee  Mndoal. 

(meledioualy),  L^Ja^j^^Jyoi  huaifftin 

mutrib, 
IfelodioomesBy  melodj,  ^,J^^  cul^l 

aswat  tmdribat  (pi.  XUvll  ^^^***^  hmn 

annaphmat);  Lju  in^Mno^  (pi.  cl^Uju 

noffhmdt), 
iCelon,  «.  Xsc\lu  hattikhat.     A  bad  or 

unripe  melon,  ^^yii  faUelU.    A  water 

melon,  (^/m^;^  jahosi, 
ioLty  V.  (make  liquid),  (-J^^J  daiffwab. 

See  Dissolye. — To  melt  gold,  k,.X..i 

9aikab  dahab.     To  melt  Bilver, 

Mkab  fuddah.     To  melt 

(become  liquid),  c^\  J  (^&.  I  behold 
their  footsteps,  and  melt  with  desire,  and  poor 
forth  my  tears  upon  the  places  they  haTO 
trodden,  hedging  of  Him  irbo  hath  fufflicted 
me  by  their  separation  that  He  will  bless  me 

Bome  day  by  a  reunion,  /»-^j^  l^j^ 

[elted,  (..^  J  ddyib. 

belter,. «.  S^^*^  mudawwib. 
elting^,  9.  L^^ jj  tadudb,  f^^y^  dawa- 
ban.     Melting  gold  or  silver,  <JLC»ii7 
tasbik,  i^S»a  idkbf  cLCmi  Mii;  (/mH.)' 

ember,  «.  y^s.  ^ad^  (pi.  L^l  0^dS3). 
embrane,  b.  c^l^  AV*^^9  Uai  ghiM. 
The  membrane  of  the  brain,  iU  jJ\  f\ 
utnm  addim&ghf\JLi  ghUhd,  The  mem- 
brane which  envelopes  a  child  in  the 
womb,  4«MMA^  mmhlmat. 
3mento,  gjLiJ  tafkirah,  h\:S  kindyat, 
3ee  ICemorial,  Notice,  Hint. 
imoir,  ^ JJ  iatkirah. 


Memorable^^jj  ymkar,jy^t^  moBKhurf 

^J^\  i--^\9  wdjib  auiJbr. 
Memorandum,  «.  x^s^  moMrah. 
Memorial,  8,     See  Monument. — A  me? 

mortal  (case  or  petition),  JU-  ^^e 

i^rd  hAL 
Meihory  (the  recoUective  faculty),  i^\ 

^dailcfl  alkuwat  dlhdjkah;    (remem- 
brance),^^ J  stir.      To  commit  to 

memory,  laA>-  hafM.     To  occur  to  the 

memory,  ^b  ^\  \p^\  qfd  iU  bdUhi. 

To  recall  to  memory,  dSU  c^^-  jdb 
libdlihi. 
Men  (j?/.  of  man),  Jl>y  r^'a/.      See 
Mankind,  People. — ^Men  and  devils, 

Menace,  v.  J  J^  iahaddad.  See  Threaten. 

Menace,  «.  JJ  J^  tahdid.    See  Threat. 

Mend,  v.  (repair),  aj^j  ramram ;  (im- 
prove), J^  ioXlaK  See  Amend,  Be- 
pair.  Correct,  Improve,  Inerease.— (to 
become  better),  ^^Itf^okA.  To  mend 
a  garment,  ^j  rakka^, 

Mendable,  J^^  yuUuaUah,  ^kJi\  ^^^ 
mumlm  diddh,  >^f^\  J^^  J^^ 
attathih.  [iollik. 

"ULefuder,  «.  /♦/•^  muramrm,  J*^^  mu" 

Mendicant,  jJu  fakir.    See  Beggar. 

Menial.  See  Low,  Mean. — ^A  menial 
servant,  a4>\<^  khddm. 

Menses,  ^^^a^^  hayd,  LmjI^  iijlc  Mai 
ann$9d.  A  menstruons  woman,  ^;a^I>. 
hdyid,  *^^  hdyidah. 

Menstrual.  See  Monthly. — A  men- 
struum.    See  Dissolvent. 

Mensuration,  ^Lm.^  masdhai. 

Mental,  t^jt^  damlfi,^lA£  ^klJf^^\} 
bdtini.    See  InteUectual,  Ideal. 


ICEB 


(806) 


MEB 


lCantion,^JstZr,^«3JteaUMr.  favour- 
able or  honourable  meotioD,  i^^^a^^J 
tihrjamll.     To  mentioiiy^J  wakar. 

Mentioned,  jji^iVt  mtuknr, 

Kercant^e,^^^c*^t;a^f,^^^2CV«  matj<nf%. 
A  writing  signed  by  a  jadge  confirm- 
ing a  mercantile  agreement,  ^^J^y 
hmtrdto.  \J^y^^  harayir. 

Mercer,  $.  ksJ^j^^  harayirijAj^  ^ 

Merchandize,  ij^^-ssT  iijdrat\  (wares), 
JU  mdl  (pL  J'^l  «i«frfi/),  ^/*i5^ 
jim  (pL  {jii\»\  pjnd9\  ot^*  mata^ 
(pi.  XcL^I  amti^at)^  ^^  itumd«A  (pi. 
ilwLtil  akmiihat).  One  who  sells  mer- 
chandize for  others.  J)  J  ddUah  See 
Broker. — To  barter  merchandize  for 

merchandize,  J  jU  &3<2a/.    See  Barter, 

Ezchan^. — And  I  was  not  in  want  of  any- 
thing, either  of  money  or  goods  or  merchandise. 
I  repented  of  my  haring  gone  forth  from  my 
city  and  set  oat  on  a  Toyage  oTer  the  sea! 


Merchant,  #.^Ij  <4;*r  (pl.^^  iujj&r). 


Know,  0  lords  and  gentlemen,  that  I  had  a 
Neither,  a  merchant,  who  was  one  of  the  first 
in  rank  among  the  most  respectahle  people  and 

merchants,  ^^l^  ^\  f»\f^^  if  jUU  \^^1 

Merchant-man,  «.(trading-Ye88el),4..^^'.^ 

^^LsT  markah  tijciri. 
Merciful,   fn^j  rahlm,   (jJUii   $kaftk, 

fJJLuj^  mushfik*    See  Compassionate. 
Mercifully,  iAiuLi  hi  ihafakat,  izy  (J^ 

bikolfnarhamat,SAAJ^  J^  likolshafahat, 
^&.%TQ^£^}\Jie9Bti^J^rMrhafnat  SeeMarcy. 
Merciless,  ^JLLl  Hj  hild  shttfahat.     See 

Inhuman,  Sard-hearted. 


Mercury,  Jj^j  %ayhdk.     Tke  pliuei 
Mercnry,  J^Uac  ctrfdrtf. 


Mercy,  £4i>y«  aMrAnMo^,  ik^^  nW, 
^  iA«/a2a<.      See  Compo^ 


o o 


Tenderness.— (pardon),  ^  ^  i /«* 

have  mercy  and  pardon  and  the  hkasis^ 
of  God !  ^\yij\^  JJ^\^  l^}\  4^ 

And  her  fither  said:  O  my  daogfater, b;n 
meicy  on  mel  may  God  haYe  menj*  m  tk 

Mere,  j^;i«^m«W,iaA5/flJW,  ^^^^^^ 

The  mcr«  truth,  ^j^\  jJ\  ^ 
auarih. 

Kere,t,ij^.huhayrai.    See  Lake,  Po^ 

Merely,  \Jiifakai,  L^  hi^i^nul^^^ 
tnahdan. 

Meretricious,  etc.     See  ^Wliorish. 

Meridian,  ^^  tuhri.  The  meridic 
j\^\i^J^  fmfannahar.  SeeK>i 
day. — ^The  meridian  line,  u^^ 
jlfi^  Jchait  tmf  annahdr. 

MeridionaL     See  Southern. 

Merit,  J-iJ  /«»,  jUrsLl  wi^ 
jljkjo^f  iiii^d.  Merit  0r  m^it££ 
reward,  afLiLLs  mtii&q/iiA,  ^1  ^ 
Merited  reward  ^r  puni8hment>|j?^fBSB 

Meritorious,  c-^\yJ\  u,.^a/«u'^  »w^ 

yt*  auawab,  ^UliUl  i-r^l^  «w;«^  * 
mtikd/dh. 
Meritoriously,^^Jl  ^...^Ij^ ^^ i< ■•"^ 

^n  wdjib  alafr,  jliscL^  Ji^  hMi^' 
kak.  lUSkZ^^hmi^ 

Mermaid,  #.  ^\  u:-^   ftiiii  tfS«.W. 

Merrily,  ^j|y**j  hwirur^  — |^l^^^->- 


Merriment,  merrineas,  ^J^  <«^-  ^ 
Mirth.— And  among  Uiem  are  a  dsai  caflai  ^ 


HEX 


(807) 


MID 


Brahmans,  a  people  who  never  drink  wine; 
but  they  are  persons  of  pleasure,  joy,  sport, 
and  merriment,  and  are  possessed  of  cameli, 

horses,  and  catUe,  ^^4m*J  ^U>-  *f^^ 


lP^^3  Jft;*£w^  fj\A^^ .  And  he  ceased 
not  to  enjoy  a  pleasant  life  and  joyful  heart, 
and  dilated  bosom,  with  sport  and  merriment, 

Merry,  j^j**^  masrHr  ^^^ji  farhdn. 
See  Glad,  Cheerful,  Gay,  Laughing. — 

To  make  merry,  .^  farrah. 

Merry- Andrew,  s.    See  Jack-pudding. 
Merrymake,  9.    See  Make  merry,  Feast. 
Mesh  (interstice  of  a  net),  K^J^  ihahakat. 
Mess,  «.  (dish  of  meat),  aU^^j)  laum 

Message,  9,  j^  ihabar,  ZiL^  risdlai. 
Messenger,  «.   Ay^j  roiHl,  Ju^lJf  kdiid. 
The  messenger  of  good  news,  yuu^ 
Vf  essiah,  ^am^I  o/  itumiA.     [muboihshir, 

y[essmate,  «.  i^UDI  ^J:^  ra/ik  atta^m, 

^Ju  nadlm. 

if essaage,  s.  cs.^  3ay/.    See  House, 
fat    (iMir/.  /^tf^.  o/  meet),   uJoLmo^ 
musddaf.     See  Meet. 
fetal,  ^Jui*^  ma^dan, 
fetalllc,  metalline,  iJJjc^  ma^danl, 

f etamorphose, v,  i/**^ma8akh.   [inkxldh, 

fetamorphose,  n.  metamorphosis,v_^lAJ\ 

f etapbor,  #.  ^\^  kindyat,    :fj\  n  "..M 

isti^rah  (pi.  c:.9\^Ui^l  tt^i^drd^). 
Ietaphorical,metaphorio,  ijTjW^  mo/dxf, 

4^^\jci«jtM^i^dr!.  Metaphorical  expres- 

aions,  cuW^*"^^  muitalihdt, 
[etaphorically,  ijLs^  nu^'dtan,  ij\/oJlh 

M  tsit^drat.   To  speak  metaphorically, 


Sj\msJI\  (jijai  Jij  takaUam  hitarlk  al 
uti^drah. 
Metaphysics,  aK!\  ^  ^m  al  kaldm,  Jx 

Xn^yi  ^Jy  U  ^i7m  mdfawk  attabl^t. 

Mete,  r.a.  JU^l  t^^a/.  Upon  this,  there- 
fore, I  caused  the  wealth  to  be  brought,  and 
meted  it  with  a  measure,  and  sent  it  by  trusty 
men,  who  went  about  with  it  through  all  the 

districts  (of  the  earth),  CLy2:»-lJjLu^ 
ci^UjJl  j^  ito^^  JIX^J  Jdi^\j  JU1\ 

Metemp8ychosis(  transmigration  of  souls), 

k^'ljdt  attandiukh. 
Meteor,  <.(-^lf^«AaA<S^.  Meteors,  l^,^ 

ihuhhf  L^jJl  jUll  aloidr  al^alawiyat 
Methinks,  ^^^  ^le.  ^M  stnnl. 
Method,  L^^y   iarill^  c^jL>1  mXilI, 

^  ^  tarlk^  irjiclS  kd^idah. 
Methodical,  c^^  murattab,  Js:::^  mtfft- 

^sim;  (person),  |*UaJ  Vi,^^<«>-litf  «dAii6 
.   nizdm.  [hiintitdm. 

MethodicaUy,  C--J/J  W  iartih,  j^UasjU 
Methodise,  v.  w^j  rattab,  Joj  nawm. 

See  Arrange,  Eegulate. 
Methought,  ijj^  ^J^  ^ala*  fikrh 
Metonymically,  f^l^^V  bil  kindyaL 
Metonymy  (rhetorical  allusion),  ij}^ 

kindyat. 
Metre,yt^\  f^)ji^  mUdn  aih»hi^r,^jojjC 

^rUd,  XJU  kdfiyatyjB^,  hahar. 
Metrical,^^^^  musajja^^^jjymawtikn. 
Metropolis,  8,  iL^^jJiS  j\i^  ddr  asidltanat^ 

JUyi^) j\j  ddr  alhukumat,  A  metro- 
politan, ^^^^  matrdn. 
Mew,  t.  (cage),  ^joki  kafoi.   To  mew  as 

a  cat,  i^y  natDwa\ 
Mezereon,  t^yijj^  mdMoriyHn. 
Mice  {pi,  of  mouse),  ^]^  flrdn* 
Mid,  v-o.n>  9M{/1 


MID 


(808) 


MIL 


Mid-daj,^  s«^,  jlfJI  i^Jloj  ntuf  an- 
ndhdr.  At  mid-day,  ^^\  ^,b^  _5 
/{  noifatmahdr. 

Middle,  Lm^^  t^Ml ^,  lJ'^  wasatl,  \2^\^ 
ipd«fi^,  ^B.nr.v.#  flnim/Mt/l  See  Inter- 
▼enient. — Of  middle  Btatore,  )a^y^ 
Z^\li\  muUttcasiit  al  kdmaL 

Middle,  «.  )a^^  wauU,  u^&a}  na$f  (pi. 
uJUd3\  anidf)f  h-iy<>#  mutawamt, 
JjOA^  mu^tadU.  The  middle  of  a 
house,  ^L»*L»  «d^a^  ^\jJl  ^;^^  mA» 
adddr.  See  Court,  Square. — Keeping 
the  middle,  adf.  ^Q^n;^  mimta$i/.  To 
penetrate  into  the  middle,  \x^^  j£>- J 

dakhdl  lit  watt.  In  the  middle,  L«  ^ 
^^/i  fftd  ^oyn,  k«ijl\  iJ  fl  al  wasaL 
In  the  middle  of  the  day,  v»fl.flj  _} 
jl^\  /{ ikw/  aniuiAclr.  In  the  middle 
of  the  night,  JJJ\  ^,Lai  _3  /t  iim/ 
a/20y/.  In  the  middle  of  winter,  ^ 
\sJii\  krfj  yt  t9M0^  ashihUd,  In  the 
middle  of  the  city,  jJJl  uJ^  ^  yt 
naaf  al  halad. 

Middling,  \^^j\^  muUnoasnt.  See  Middle. 
Anything  of  a  middling  sort,  Lw^  wa»ai. 

Midland,  jJ^\  ]a^j  i^f^  wasat  al  hair. 

Mid-leg,  jjlwJl  ^-tt^nj  fuufaiidi. 

Midmost,  ^Ji^  tpasati. 

Midnight,  JJJt  j—b^  noifdl  layh  At 
midnight,  JJJt  ia^j^  ^  /!  woiat  al 

M 

2ii^/.     Till  midnight^  JJJl  l«p>a>  ^t 
il(^  noBfallayl. 
Mid-sea,  jf^l  Iom.^^    J  fl  unuat  al  hahr. 

Midst,  ^  3<iy».     See  Middle. — ^In  the 
midst  of  tihe  people,  ^/mUI  ^  hayn 
anndfi.    In  the  midst  of  the  journey, 
jsul]  L5\  jJ  /I  asnd  aasafar. 


MidBummer,   ^gj.rr!^  ^JJ  ^  fl  h& 

auanf. 
Midway  (middle  between  two  ^bm\ 

Ji^\  wjL^   muf  attarlk ;   in  ie 

middle  of  the  way  or  passage,  L^  ^i 

(jij^\  fi  wasai  aUartk, 
Midwife,  t.  ^U  haMih  (pi.  Jf^  J«i- 

M),  li\j  ddyih. 
Midwinter,  \sJuA\  k^  toatal  othMi. 

Mien,  ^^  tciyll,  Jai^  mmiar.  See 
Look,  Aspect,  Countenance. 

Might  (power),  ijSs  kmdrai,  s^  H«^ 
j\s:j\  iktidar.  Jlilt  tohU.  SeeFowe, 
Force,  Strength,  Grreatness. 

Mightily,  SjLij  (t  $Mddai,  ijSsJ- 
htJtol  kudrat,  iy  JC;  &s£o/  l^v^.  See 
Powerfully,  Vigorously,  Greafly,  Tie- 
lently,  Vehemently. 

Mightiness,  ijSi  hudraL  See  Mi^^ 
Greatness,  Majesty. 

Mighty,  (jy  kau^fjj\j  iddir,J^^^- 

dlr,jAiLt  muktadir,  iy  ^.^..^^Uifli^ 
kUioat.  See  Powerful,  Strong— [iii > 
great  degree),  \Jc^juklan,  0  Portia 

thou  pitiest  me  not,  nor  oomfortest  me!  ^ 
hold,  my  heart  is  between  afflictioD  aodpfl"^ 
Will  you  not  hare  compassion  on  i^t  v^, 
whom  lore  has  abased,  and  the  weahhy  v^^ 

reduced  to  poverty  r  ^Jlc  ^J^^^^i 

Migration,  JIai31  intihdl,  ,^<s^  Hr 
^luAit  iafaskdn.     See  EmigratioL 

Milch  cow,  «.  <oi».  ^  5«A»ni  i(tf^ 
Mild,  Ju^  haUm,  ^jJ^jW  ^  1^* 
annafg,  ^^^j  wadl^  (pi.  Ujj  im^t' 
See  Soft,  Kind,  Tender,  Gentle,  Ci«' 
passionate. 


MIL 


(809) 


IQK 


Mildly,  ^  J^  hikolhtlm. 

Mildness,  Jl^  hUm.     See  (Gentleness, 

Clemency,  Compassion,  Tenderness. 
Mile,  «.  Jm^  mil. 

Mile-stone,  ^Jei^  Ltix^  ^aldnuU  attarik, 

Sj\x^  mandrdh. 
Milfoil,  \jij3  harhard. 
Military,  ^J^^^  janghHf   lk^j^^  haril, 

tjr^Lufi  ^oiibrf .  Military  aSsm,jyti\ 

i^y^\  alumUr  al  harhiyat.    Military, 
milice,  militia, ^Cm*^  ^kar^  See  Army. 
MHk,  U;.Jl>.  hahh. 
MUk,  v.\1a^  halab.  {lihai). 

Blilker,  «.  c^U-  hdia  (fem.  U\^  Ad- 
Milking,  i,  c,.J,».  halb. 
Hilkman,  «.  k-.^«JL>-  ew  5ayyd^Aaft5. 

M[!ilk  white,  ^ja*)\  abyad.     See  White. 

^ilky  (consisting  of  or  ahonnding  in 
milk),  ^^^Jia-  Ao^iZ. 

klill,  «.  h^^  tdhnnai.    A  horse-mill, 

^1  Jl«  maddr,  A  wind-mill,  lyb  jj^^ 

tdhun  hawd.   A  water-mill,  t«  ^^U? 

tdhun  md,    A  hand-mill,  lUsr'^  ma^- 

hanat.    An  oil-mill,  iya«^  ma^arah, 

(ill,  r.  ^;^  ^aAan,  ^iCa  j J  <2ait  ttibb. 
See  Grind,  Coin. 

(illepedes,  _Le  |*1  fimm  ^aA,  ^^^^  (^^ 

^^^aiujI^  tfmm  0r3^a^  W0  arht^n.     See 

Centipede. 

[iller,  #.  ^J^  tahhdn. 

[illesimal  (the  thousandth),  ^j^4X>-|^ 

v.^!l1  todhid  mm  al  aJf, 

iill-borse,  t.^^Uo  ^JuJti^  kUfsh  tdhUn* 

illion,  «.^^«L«  maJyUn,i^\  f^\  alfalf. 
ill-stone, «.  ^jy^^\j^hqfir  Mdhnn. 
Ul- wheel,   «.    ^^iLSl  cJSI^J   (^aZdd 

It,  #.  Jl^  MAd/.    See  Spleen. 


Mimic,  mime,  mimer,  «.  iXli^  mniaUii. 

See  Imitator,  Buffoon. 
Mimic,  mimical,  ^^JulA7  taihii. 

Mimically,  J>JirJt  ^^  ^lu^o/^  attaklldm 
Mimic,  i.  jJi  kaUad, 

Mimicry,  jJi7  ^tf^ftJ.    See  Imitation. 

Mince,  v.  (cut  small),  ^^  faram. 

Mind,  «.^l»-  hhatiffj^Jk^  damlr,  Jlj 
&d/,  Jic  ^ahl,  J^  Jlkr.  Having  an 
enlightened  or  enlarged  mind,  at^',  j^ 

cJiJl  mwnawvoar  al  kalb.     And  she 

looked  to  tbe  right  and  left,  and  tben  shnf  the 
window  and  disappeared.  Fire  had  been  shot 
into  my  heart,  and  my  mind  was  absorbed  by 
her :  my  hatred  of  women  was  tamed  into  lore, 


•* 

SLsf^  ZomJ^S  cU'wAiit^  l|j  t^J^^  •  He 

could  not  rest  nor  be  patient,  and  he  ceased  not 
to  suffer  agitation  of  mind  and  transport,  until 

the  night  came,  ^jlk>  (^jj[i^  ^jH  (^^ 

JJill  (j£>>  J .  I  ask  the  wind  respecting 
yon  wheneTar  it  bloweth,  and  none  bat  yon  erer 

ocGurreth  to  my  mind,  ^y^i  J^|^ 


Mind,  p.  (mark,  attend  to),  ^UJl  tntdbah. 

Minded  (indinahle),  JjU  mdytl.     See 

Desirous. 

Mindful,  ^\^   wd^,    Sjx^  muntMh. 

See  Attentiye.  Happy  is  the  seirant  who  is 
mindftil  of  his  sin,  who  fears  his  Lord,  who 
acts  aright  and  does  good,  and  who  prepares 
his   provision    for    the   day   of  judgment, 

Mindfulness,  iji^  hoilrat.    See  Atten- 
tion, Begard.  [Careless. 
Mindless,  JiU  yhdJU.    See  Inattentive, 
Mine  (possessive  pronoun),  ^ts  mdli. 


vm 


(810) 


™ ' " 


IpDA,  f .  (of  metals),  ^jJJt^  ma^an  (pL 

^jW#  ma^ddan).    A  mine  dog  onder 

fortifications,  Ji  lughm. 
Mine,  v.  c--^  nahdb,   Ji  J^«x  ^amal 

lughm.     See  Dig,  Sap,  Undermine. 
Miner,  «.  ^judm^  muhandii. 
Mineral,  (Jjm^  tna^danl.  Mineral  j  nice, 

(J  Jm^^^^mo^  ^Mfr  ma^iiaitX.  A  mineral, 

^^Sm^  ma^dan.     See  Metal.    So  they 

entered  the  first  chamber,  and  they  found  it 
filled  with  gold  and  white  silver,  and  pearls 
and  jewels,  and  jacinths  and  precious  minerals, 

Iplle   ifjj^y  J^l  lA^^   ^^'^ 

Mineralist,  ^jUJb  JU  ^d/tm  ^i7  ma- 

Mineralogy,  ^oU^il  Jx  ^Um  al  ma^ddin* 
Mingle,  r.  LU.  ibAo/a^.    See  Mix.— (to 

be  mixed),  t^Li-* ^L  #dr  makhlut 
Minister,  9,  (of  state),  ^J^  trasir  (pi. 
\jj^  wuMra),  The  prime  minister, 
UieSl^J^l  a/  fTosIr  a^  a^m;  (an 
agent),  J^^  «7aif/,  c^U  fidy*J;  (a 
Christian  priest),  (jmMj^  ahammds  (pi. 
^am^UJ!)  #^mdf?MaO.  The  ministers 
of  state,  il^jJl^jLcl  a^ydn  addawlat, 
il^ji\  l^^  wukald  addawlat.  The  min- 
isters or  plenipotentiaries  of  both  sides, 
^»^J^\  ^  icukald  attarafln*  To  min- 
ister, ^JcL  khadam. 

Ministry,  ministration,  Ltj^sL  kkidmat. 
See  Service,  Office.— (dignity  or  office 
of  ministers  of  state),  ij\j^  watdrat--- 
(dignity  of  prime  minister),  i^j^ 
^^^•Jm!!  ipozdrai  al  ^tna\  The  min- 
istry, dJ^jJl  ^J^j\  arkdn  addawlat^ 
^'MuiS  ^j\  arkdn  aualtanat 

Mininm.^arj  %anjifr,  ^y)L  9aldkun. 
See  Bed  lead. 


Minor,^^^  oi^Aar.   See  Leaa.— (pettjX 
jJli^  ioghlr;    (nnder  age),   ^l* 
ghaiyr  Idligh, 

Minor,  «.  (one  nnder  age),    ^^jJi\ 
mghlr  attm.     The  minor  piopositiii 
of  a  syllogism,  ^yt^  tughrt^. 

Minority  (the smaller  nnmber),yci«!1  JJ^ 
^adad  al  oighar ;  (being  under  age],. 
^jtA\JLifi  iughr  auin. 

Minstrel.     See  Mosician. 

Minstrelsy.     See  Music. 

Mint  (plant),    cUiu   na^na^;  (a  plan 

where  money  is  coined),   ^IsL  l^^ 
darh  khdna,   l^j^\j\j   dor  addari. 

To  mint  (coin),  (^d  Mai,  <-rv^  ^^* 
^lCi  J  J  dak  iikk^. 

Minute,  dA^J  daklkai.     A  minute   d 

time),    Lsf^   lamhai,    dirt  ^    lak^. 
(memorandum),  aJyu*^  mumwwadst. 
Minutely,  UjJCj  hikd  dikktU,  ^ 

Minuteness,  ^  J  dikkat.  See  Exactses. 

— (smallness),  jAi0  sughr. 
Miracle,  #.  dy^yjgf  ^ajihat,  ^j^\  aifuhc. 

Miracles,  cijUjS*^  mtfytsd^,  u--^lp 
^ajdyib,  c,,.^'»"la\  tf^a;'^5.  See  Sifc* 
Wonder. 

Miraculous,  v,,.^jy^  ^a;t&.  SeeWonderfa! 

Mirage,  c^-^]^  aord^.    As  though  it  (tbf 

world)  were  the  mirage  of  the  plain,  wbri 
the  tmrsty  imagineth  to  he  wat^ :  the  I^'- 

adometh  it  for  man  until  death,  If.  i 

Mirror, «.  il  1^  mtraai  (pi.  bt^  Mtnof*: 
Mirth,  j»jM  turUr,  LLmiJI  tn^Md^  i.-^ 
moiorrai,  \Lc  iafd,  is^>  ^ah'oL  •.  J 
farah,  m^^\  ibtihdj.    See  Memioe* 
Gaiety,  Cheerfulness,  Gladness  Joj. 


MIS 


(811) 


MIS 


Mirthful,  jji^^duu^  manrur.     See  Merry. 

Misacceptation,  JJ^b  JL^  hhaydl  Idtil, 

Misapplication,   ilftil^l  l#Jift   ^adam  al 

muwafakaL 
Misbecome,  v,  ^St«  m&lSk. 

Misbegotten,  l3j  jJ^  walad  zind. 

Misbehave,  v,  ijJ\  jIS  kallal  adahako* 

Misbehaviour,  c^jDt  ^^J^  ^adam  aladah. 

Misbelief,  ^J^Sf  >tXfi  ^adam  addln,  /^Sc 

^Uj^i    ^adam  al  imdn,  oU:;^!!  ^tXe 

^adamali^ikdd,ji^  ku/r.  See  Impiety, 

Incredulity. 
Misbeliever,^!^  idfir.     See  Infidel* 
Miscalculate,   r.   c^Um^I  ^  laLc  J^^^fi 

^ama^  ghalatft  al  hiidh. 
Miscarriage  (the  unhappy  event  of  an 

undertaking),  ^^>sf^  /» J^  ^adam  najdh; 

(abortion),  WLL^s!    tskdtf   ^Jb  ttrk, 

^^ji^\  LlLrfl  uhdt  aljanin. 
Miscarry,  v.  \^^r^Jo  tirhat. 
Miscellaneous,  Jy^:^  mtUafarrik,  Jp^ls^ 

makhliUy  c  y^^  tnafmH^.     A  miscel- 
laneous multitude,  iii\i^\  atohdsh. 
I^iscellany,  «.  d^y^js^  majmu^f. 

MLischance,  L  laid,  LoJ  iadd,  Xjblj 

ddhiffat, 
y^ischief,    i^  i0r<ir,    bjJt^   mudarrat 

See  Injury,  Hurt,  Harm,  Evil. — Put 

this  seal-ring  upon  thj  finger,  and  thou  wilt 
be  secure  from  drowning  and  from  other  acci- 
dents, and  from  the  mischief  and  noxiousness 
of  the  heasts  of  the  sea   and   its  whales, 

^\  L^\j^j^  ^j  Xj^  ^j  J/i\  ^^ 


^iachievou8,yi^  mudirr,  SuJi^  mu/st 
jjJ^  iharir.  See  Hurtful,  Pernicious. 
— (malicious),  ^^J;  radl.  See  Male- 
Yolent,  Spiteful. 


Mischievously,  ij\  *^j^j^  J>^  l*^ol  tharrin 

wa  raddwat. 

Misconception,  j  (    «  Bahn,  Vi  \r.  ghalat, 

cJ\ji2\  A«Xc  ^adam  idrdk.  See  Mistake, 

Misconstruction.  [Misbehaviour. 

Misconduct,  ^/J;  vli^  auluh  radl.   See 

Misconstruction,  /Ji^\  (Jt^^  /««xc  ^adam 

tawftk  al  Jcaldm. 
Misdeed,    misdemeanor,    i^^-3j    tanh, 

Ua^;-  khatd,  l^  Li  hahdhat.   See  Crime. 
Miser,  «.  J-^ar  laJthll,  ^^m^i^j^*  ^^l<, 

Miserable  (wretched),  JJ  J  sa/l?,  ^S^^ 
matkin  or  mtJ^fi,  ^J-^  «^^2. 

Miserably,  ^Cu.^^  Jij  3t^/  iTkW^na^, 
2f^lL2»j^Jj  J^  hikol  zUlin  wa  ihikd- 
waL    See  Unhappily,  Wretchedly. 

Misery,  miserableness  (wretchedness), 
Jj  till,  <faC*x^  nuukanat,  L  5ate  (pi. 
bL  haldyd),  ijlJLl  $hakdwat,  yi  fukr. 
See  Adversity,  Misfortune. 

Misfortune,  lb  3ate,  LaJ  £aid,  <Lj»»\j 

ddhiyat,  ISj  nakbat.    Grieve  not  on 

account  of  nocturnal  calamities  and  misfortunes, 
since  cTery  affliction  will  have  its  final  end ! 
And  he  whose  death  is  decreed  to  take  place  in 
one  land,  will  not  die  in  any  other  hut  that  land. 
Send  not  thy  messenger  on  a  commiBsion  of 
great  importance,  for  the  soul  has  no  fiuthful 

minister  save  itself!  4jjIs)  c J^Hj 

4  ^y*i  u^  \u^j^  ^'s^  t-^^ 

*  s 

*  \jb\^  Zs^U  ^^Jc^  Ui 

Misgovemment,   ^S^\  ^tXc   ^adam  al 

hukm.     See  Mal-administration. 
Misguidance,  j;j^l  ^  iSLa  daldlat  ^an 
Misguide,  r.  ^ibi  ghath.  [attarlk. 

Misinformation,  sj'^ji^j  :*  '^  khahar 

ghayr  iddik,  (^^j^  khahar  kM, 


MIS 


(812) 


MIX 


Misjudge,  v.  (mgAyAh  J^  t«  md  haiam 

bH  ttueilh.  [lilcek  DisapproTe. 

Mislike,  v.  (.-><»- 1«  fli4  Xoi.    See  Dis- 

Miflmanage,  v.j^Jjj^  ^j^i^Aji^  l£;>'\ 

Qjrd  al  ^amal  mtn  ghayr  tadMrm 

MiBmanagementy^JcJt  aJ^  ^adam  aU 

tadhlr,  [tempti  Scorn. 

MieprisioD,  j\aj:^  thtikdr.    See  Gon- 

Misproportion,9.  Af  ^  ^j^\:^\  ^\j  U 

md  rd^a^  al  mundiobatfl  ^malo. 

Misrelate,  misrecitcy  misreport,  v,  (relate 
inaccurately  and  falsely).  See  Misre- 
present. 

Misrepresent,  v.  _^Ul2j«  ifjUII^^  U 

ma  hhahhar  al  maddat  mishndhl,  j^J 

ifjijSj  tatowar  tahriraho. 
Misrepresented,  ^  isf^'ij^  hhabar  Id 

tahhat  laho. 
Misrepresentation,  (j^^Jj  talbUy  j*^ 

^  is^i  Uihbir  Id  aahhat  laho.     See 

Misinformation.  [al  nUhdn. 

Miss,  V.  (the  mark),^Luuu«:Jl  ^l2:S^\akhta' 

Miss,  9,  (loss),  jyai  kua^,  ^^oaj  naia, 
^^L^  nuhdn,  Cy-^jr  ^oyJ.  See  Want, 
also  Error,  Mistake. 

Missal  (mass-book),  JLm^  mUdl,  l^\s^ 
(jM^Jill  ^1^^  0^  kidddt. 

Mission,  JL^l  ar«d/,  £JL|  rUdlat. 

MisaiTe,  JL,V\  JjIj  ito3t7  al  indl.    A 

missive,  XJL^^  rudlai,     Eepair  with 

tbiB  my  note  to  your  master,  and  bring  me  an 
answer  to  it;  and  he  took  the  miasiye  and 

went  with  it  to  his  master !   u.*^  j1 

2rju^  ^\  \a»  ^yj  ilL»Ji\  i^\i 

Misspend,  v.  (money),  j^  ^  ttj^ 

j^i***  kharqf  mm  ghayr  macna\     See 

m 

Waste,  Dissipate.  [%dj  akhdar. 


Missy  (a  sulphate  of  iron). 


•  • 


Wj 


Mistake,  v.  Uss;- 1:^  J-fi»-  hml 
khaid,  jyaS  ^.^-^  ^J^a^  katal 
kusar,  Jj  %ally  iaii  gheUt,  i:^ 
A^  hasal  mmnoh  tahu,  laLi  4^4^  ^m 
yAoZo^.     See  Err,  Blunder,  Mistaht 
Miscalculate,  Misrepresent. 
Mistake,  <.  Ua:^  it^^,  ^f^  Mibu,^.;i 
ibwar,  \Alghdlat,  \al^  sakai,  ilj  uS^ 
See  Error,  Blunder,  Misooncepti(»L 
Mistaken,  ^Ualc  ghaUdn,  b^JU  awf tfe 
Mistaking,  adf,  ^Ueaii  gkaUdm, 
Mistakingly,  ^fJ\  ^y  Mw^l  «MiC 

Mistell,  V.    See  Misofepresent 

Mistress,  «.  ijL^  nU,  ^^^^  ^^^'^^ 

See  Lady. — The  mistresB  of  a  frnih. 

cu^\  X«^U  fdMo^    ml    iayt;  {1 

Bweethearti  alto    ooncubine),  ^-^ 

8dhtbai,    Lj^mm^  mm^Hkat,  ^j*^ 

mahbiibai,  imm^r*-  habfbat.  [p'o^ 

Mistrust    See  Distrust,  Diffidence,  Ss- 

Misunderstanding,  s.  ^Is^  wuikkdUki 

icjL^  mundsM^ai,   i^ls^\   tJAtikr 

jliJl  M*X£.  ^adam  tUifiJt,  iA3\y^  0^ 

^adam  muwdfakat.      See  Diffefcos. 

Quarrel,  Misconception,  Errmr. 

Mite,  9,  (insect),  Z^y^  tiUai.        [ds*a- 

Mithridate  (medicine),  ^^Jsj  J^^^  mur*- 

Mitigate,  v.   ^  layyam^    uJtl  Ui^'- 

v^JJb  haddtf.     See  Soften.    MoDiij 

Moderate.  \U^ 

Mitigation,  f^Juias^  tMflf,  ^,m  (  -' 

Mitre,  «.  ^\j  idj\    A  bishop's  isiat 

Mi2,  V,  Ulck  khalat. 

Mixed,  t^Lsr*  mai^A/ilf,  ^^^/^^  «mvk' 

An  animal  of  a  mixed  breed,  %^/ 

murakkab,  [iiilu-> 

Mixture,   mixtion,   LL;^  Us^  jrli> 


MOD 


(813) 


MOD 


Moan,  f .  ^  ndh.     See  OroaBi  GrieTe, 

Mourn. 
Moan,  9,  i^-y  nawhai,  IG  hakd  or  hikd. 

See  Lamentation,  Groan. 
Moat,  8,  (ditch  round  a  town,  castle,  etc.), 
>-  hhandak. 


Mob, «.  |#l>- J  ;f  iidthdm ;  (a  tumnltuous 

ront),  i^  JUnat,    See  Crowd,  Biot 
Mobile,  mobility,  i^Lf  ^wdm,  ^/mUI  \  a  Lc 

^awdm  atrnda.    See  Mob. 
Mock,  V.  (deride),  ^Lcj^j***^  tamatikhar 

^<da\  ^Jlc  cl^AT^  <&Atfi&  ^ab'.     See 

Langh  at,Bidicule,Mimic. — (to  elude), 

(jLu  ta^aUal, 
Mock  (not  real),  i/Juii7  tajtitdl,  j^y* 

muzawwar,  {^^^  kM.  See  Counterfeit. 
Mock,  mockery  (derision),  CJisf^  Uh 

dahhakyjsf**^^  tatnaskhur,  \jfmJ\  utihtd. 

See  Eidicule,  Scorn. 
Mocked,  ifjsf'^  maskharahy  ^  i^jfJ^^^ 

musUihza*  hiki. 
Mocker,  #.  i<-)^-^  CJi>^  li  ddhik  ^ala\ 

^Jl£  ^^^^fUM^  fMuiahil  ^ala\ 
'M.oe)diig,part,,^\f^MAy9mu»tahMl,  Mock- 

iTiglj,\jf>^\j  hiistilad,\jJi£^tahIaran. 

Mode,  ijy^  tHratf  ^U^j  wajh,  c^^JujI 

asluh  (pi.  c,.'^  J  IL^l  a«d/f^),  Jly^ 
manwdl,  ^ji)o  iarlk,  J^  <At;^  (pi. 

JlLl\  MAJ&dZ),  irjj^li  kd^idah.  See 
Manner,  Method,  Pashion,  Habit, 
Custom,  Form,  Appearance;  Orada- 
tion. — A  musical  mode,  a\a^  makdm. 

Model,  «.  i^lS  kdliby  i^Jj  kadwat  or 

Jkidicat  ^..^i^  noikhat.  See  Copy, 
Pattern,  Example,  Standard,  Mould. 

ICoderate  (not  excessive),  J  Joa^  mu^to- 
iftJ,  kudys^  matmo0mi.     Moderate  in 

temper,  aA^.  JkiA«i,  ^-'^^j^  mnaddab. 


See  Temperate,  Mild.— Moderate  wea- 
ther, J Jcjc«  lyb  ^H0d  mu^tadH. 
Moderate,  i^.la^dMa;^.  SeeGoTem,Bule, 
Eestrain. — (to    pacify,   still,    quiet), 
^5JJb  hadda* ;    (to  make  temperate), 

J  JCLx^  Ajkc  ^amalaho  mu^tadtl. 
Moderately  (mildly),  Jl>-  J^  M<^  At7in ; 

(with  temperature),  Jfjcxl  J^  Mb/ 

i^iddl,  i^cjL^mu^tadilan;  (inamiddle 

degree),  ^Ja^ajll  ^J*^  ^  darqfat  al 

wasia*.  [Temperateness. 

Moderateness,  J^Jl  r>— rl  i^tiddl.     See 

Moderation  (calnmess  of  temper),  ^UJ 

^^d/a^,^U!l  ^Li.;^*!?!  itmlndn  al 

khdtir^  i^Lo}^  iiMa/,  ZcUS  ibnd^a/; 

(forbearance,  lenity),  J^iar  ^oAammo/. 

Moderation  in  expense,^^^  b  J 1  jcxSt 

(»J^  ..d^Jlj  «/  t^tiddl  hil  kharqj  teal 

moiruf,  ujiloll  a tXc  ^^m  aiialaf. 

Moderator,  i-ji*^  mudahhir,  sS\^hdkim, 
<^^y  mUaddib, 

Modem,  JjJ^jadld.  See  Late,  Recent, 
New. — The  modems,  ^^^Li-Jl  a/ 
mutaakhkhirin.  The  language  of  the 
modems,  ^^^li^f  ^^^^^^^  ^Mdn  al 
mutaakhkhirin. 

Modest  (bashful),  m  fl*  %v^  muhtashim ; 
(not  arrogant  nor  impudent),  (^3y 
mUaddah,  w^^I^jil^  mutawddi^ ;   (not 


nnchaste),^\W  tdMr^  OJb\j  zdhtd.   See 

Chaste.  [hihishtnai. 

Modestly  (not  presumptuously),  iAJmosT 

Modesty,  L>^  hayd,  j\jj  wakdr  ^f^^ 

iawddu^i  (chastity),  ^L-|^  tahdrat, 

He.  ^ijai. 
Modification,  ^^^^J»  tarklh,  J  ^  ^  Ai 

Uuhikil,  LiS  ka^gfiyai,  jiJu  taghylr. 
T£oditYfP.{foxm)fimJUi kaif^af.  SeeShape, 


MOH 


(814) 


MOU 


Form. — (to  moderate),  Jja«^  *-Lix 

vamdlaho  mu^adil.    Bee  Temper. 
Modifiable,  modificable,  JjJucJl  J-jli 

kdhU  atta^l,  jikJci\  jL^  mumkin 

attaghylr. 
Modulate,  v.  Ujill  S-^J  rattal  al  ghind, 

ij^\  Uoi  nanam  annaghmak. 
Modulation,  IjJlJ  noffhmat,  Lxe  ghind, 

^^  lahn. 
Mohammed,   properly  Mahdmmdd  (the 

founder  of  the  Muhammadan  religion), 

O^ksr^  tnuhammad. 
Moiety,  uJ-^  nasf.  See  Half.     [Damp. 
Moist  (humid),  v-^  reUh,     See  Wet, 
Moisten,  v,  l^^j  rattah. 
Moistened,  JL^^  mutahaUil,  J^l*^  »w«5- 

/flZ.     To  be  moistened,  JyJ\  anJa/. 
Moistener,  ».  Jl^  Jo?i7,  or  j3L/t  muhallil. 
Moistness,  moisture,  hjbj  rutQhat,  iii\dj 

naddwat.    See  Humidity. 
Mole,  «.  (animal),  jJls;^  khild  (pi.  ^^*xS^ 

khilMn).     A  mole  on  the  skin,  JU*. 

itAaJ.     A  mole  (dike),  J:>-U-  hajit. 
Molest,  i>.   ^J^J^  «a/;^fli  ^a/a',   jji? 

jBoZaw,  <--^«X£  ^atidb.      See  Disturb, 

Trouble,  Vex. 
Molestation,  jJ  J^  <<m(?J^,  uJ-KJ  <«*- 

ft/,  Jiy  2tt/w,  ^i  y^m.  See  Vexation. 

Molester,  «.  ciJy«  wilat. 

Mollify,  r.  ^j?  layyan,  i^s^  hadda\. 
See  Mitigate,  Soften,  Assuage,  Pacify. 

Mollification,  ^^^  talyin.  See  Mitiga- 
tion, Softening. 

Mollifier,  Jl^  mulayym. 

Mollified,  ^J^  tnulayyan. 

Molten  {f>ret.  pan.  of  melt),  i-^jJ^ 
mudawtoab. 

Moment  (importance),  ij^j^  dururat, 
iijjlj^  durnriyaU    See  Consequence, 


Weight,  Value. — ^A  moment  d  time. 

kai,  ^^  iijb  ia/rfai  ^f »,  icL  ^ 

In  a  moment,  ^irr^*ir^  l5*  -^  ^ 

cfn.      Every  moment,   ^uJ J  Ja  & 

dakikat    Prom  this  moment,  ^P  >i 

mm  aZiSn. 
Momentary,   ^^5^^  wakti,   Ju  jfe^ 

^jU  ^dr<2t.    See  Heeting. 
Momentous,  ^^  muAun,  <jj[^^  'i^*' 

A  momentous  affair,  /»f^/«1  wtrBi^ 
Monarch,  #.  vI>L«  maUk. 
Monarchal,  monarchical,  ^/^  «"^ 

JILL  fftf/^dnf.     See  B^,  Impa^ 
Monarchy,  «.  KL«^   mamlakaiy  ^^^ 

saltanat,   lljJ   dawlat,   cL^  «*^^ 

See  Kingdom. 
Monastery,  «.^t3  <^yr.     The  head  of  i 

monastery,  ^Ji\  j^^  rayyet  Mr 

See  Abbot. 
Monastic,   monastical,    «JLa>i  f»i*^ 

A  monastic  life,  i^\-^j  rMdnffd. 
Monastically,    Jjbl  JixilJ  t-^^;^j^ 

^  jjl  ^«/a'  mi2;V3  kawd^id  dU  Mf- 
Monday,  ^;*iJl'  a^.  yawm  cd  atmf^ 
Money,  dLL«\jt^  mu^mdeh^  Ji)  *^ 

(pi.  0^  nukud),  ^\j*i  dordhim.  S« 

Coin,  Specie;  Wealth,  Riches.-B«^ 
money,  ^^joj  nahdn,  Jyu  nukui*  T 
buy  "with  ready  money,  ,yki\j  u/- 
uhtard'  lil  nakd.  Money  paid  in  i- 
vance,  i-jLa  *ai<i/'.  To  lend  mcKj 
J^^kard.  See  Lend.— To  pay  bckj 

^j  f^a'.  A  sum  of  money,  j*-* 
ma^^A  (pl.  ^L«  mMKfik).  AfJ 
place  where  money  is  ^ent,  \Jf^ 
nuuraf.  Earnest  money,  ^jjj-*ij'»t^ 
To  change  money,  uJ/«  Mr»/ 


MOST 


(815) 


HOO 


ft 

money-cbangeri  l^\j^  iarrAf,      See 
Banker. — A  money-bag,   M3b\jJ  \ju^ 

1d8  dardhm.   See  Purse.     [See  Eich. 
foneyed,  aJ^I^J  c^^^k^L^  sdhtb  dardhm. 

iloneylesSy  ^/Jii^  mt^is.    See  Poor. 

Ilonger,  c  w  hayyd^  See  Dealer,  Seller. 

Fishmonger,  CjC^..*  9  w  hayyd^Bamdk. 

ilonitor,  «.  ^l3  nd<tA,  jjo^  mumirf 

Honitory  (giving  admonition),  ^U  ndsih. 

Monk,  «.  v-^^^j  raAiJ  (pi.  ^^L^^  rwA- 
5dn),  (jm^^amJ  ^«f«.  To  make  a  monk, 
v.^Jb|i  &A»>^j  rasamdko  rdhib.  To  be- 
come a  monk,  l-^^^  (^'^^  (rtasam 
rdhih.  [sa^dn.    See  Ape. 

Bfonkey,  «.  ^j^-j-^^  maymUn,  ^fj^iuj 

tfonocolar,  monoculous  (one-eyed),  j^l 
<7^trar  (fem.  \i^  ^at^ra). 

^Conogram,  iJiL  toghrd.    See  Cipher. 

Ilonopolist,  «.  (^j^  intdta%im» 

&[oaopolize,^^Jl:x».l  iMakar,  aj:J\  dUaam. 

Mionosyllable,  9.  i(S^\^  JLsdH  l^  XJ^ 
halimat  flhd  tahjiyat  wdhidah, 

Monotony,  ^^  J^  /ari  Mn. 
Konsoon,  $,  (probably  a  European  cor- 
raption  of  Jt»^y  mawsam^  \  season'). 

Monster, »,  .^w«  mcuHhh,  fjL^jiie.  ^frit. 


Monstrous, 


mamsukh,   i^xkr' 


sakhta.  See  Strange,  Wonderful ;  Ir- 
regular, Enormous;  Shocking,  Hateful. 

Monstrously,  <<nj^lnll  ^  TTJ^^iy^.  ^* 
naw^in  khdrij  ^an  attabl^at, 

Month,^^.^  Bhahr  (pi.  jy^  »huhikr\ 

j^\  (uhhur.    The  end  of  the  month, 

j^\j:>Ji  dkhir  a8h8hahr,j^\  L^^lr. 

^kb  athshahr.     The  first  ten  days  of 

a  month,  f^\^\  atodyU.  The  second  ten 

days  of  a  month,  ]xJj\  awdiit    The 


last  ten  days  of  a  month,  j^^^^  awd- 

khir.    Prom  month  to  month,^^  ^ 

j^  ^\  min  Bhahr  tV  Bhahr,     Eyery 

month,^fl  J^  kol  Bhahr,    A  month's 

mind,    i^Au>-    hoBrat,  'J^\   intkdr. 
See  Longing  desire. 
Monthly,  adj\  i^ji^  Bhah/rl,  Monthlypay, 
ij^bKj^  muBhdharat,  4^\^  mdhiyat. 

Monument,  «.  (memorial), j^^fuuu^yl  OBor 
moBhhikr,  iUle  ^aldmat,  A  monu- 
ment for  the  dead,  Ji^  markad  (pi. 
jJ^y^  tnardkid),  ijjJ  turhat,  ij^S^ 
makharaifJs  kahr.     See  Tomb. 

Mood  (state),  ^U-  hdlat^  JU.  Ad/; 
(state  of  mind),  ^lsr\  ^^Jl^  kayf  al 
khdtir.  See  Mode,  State,  Style.-^ 
(anger),  w,.^.rti  yhadah;  (a  style  of 
music),  |#U^  makdm  (pi.  clii^tvU/* 
ma^^md^). 

Mood,  b.j^  kamar.  The  new  moon,  Jlib 
^d/.  The  new  moon  when  just  ap- 
pearing, Jif^\  iBtihldl.  The  full 
moon,  jJj  hadr.  The  change  of  the 
moon,  j^\  J^l>-  hfdid  al  kamar* 
Like  the  moon,^^^  \  ^Jl^  mxBl  al  kamar , 
J jj\  J^  mUl  al  hadr.  The  full  moon 

of  religion  (a  proper  name),  ^^jJljJJ 

badr  addln.  She  spread  forth  three  locks  of 
her  hair  one  night,  and  this  made  them  to- 
gether four  nights;  an^  she  turned  up  her 
face  towards  the  moon  of  heaven,  and  oy  so 
doing  she  showed  me  two  moons  at  the  same 

instant,  ^^  «-r^'^^  ^^^^  CLJfjJlJ 

am 

Moonlight,  moonshine,  ^^^iSf^  daw  al 

kamar. 
Moon-8tone,y4ill  ^  h^ar  al  kamar. 
Moor,  V.  (a  ship),  \^yli\)auj  rabai  al 


UOB 


(816) 


HOB 


marJM ;  (to  be  fixed  or  stationed),  ^^^ 
raaa\     The  mooiing-place  of  a  ship, 

Moot  poiBt,  «.    (doubtful  case), 


^Jl^^  kadiyat  mushkalai,  fjCjL^j^\ 
amr  mtuhkal. 

Mop,  f.  ^*^\  L,i\i:^  jtmfdiat  al  mtuh. 

Mope,  V.  (to  beoome  stupid,  dull,  sad), 
JifJl  inhahdl,  im^JjAjBt^J^ sdrnu^'dnh. 

Moral,  ^  j1  addbif  ^Iac  caldl. 

Moral,  morality,  morals,  jls^-l  akhlAk, 

c!i^  mink,  L^\J\  dd&h,  Lj\j^\  in- 
saniyat,  JLiUal  latdfat.     See  Manners. 
— ^The  science  of  morality,  jlsi-ill  Jx 
^t7fn  oZ  akhldk. 
Moralist,  «.  ^^.oT  d(ft3,   ^U  ndtih, 

jlU-Hl  «<3Af^  risahtfl  ^Im  al  akhldk. 

Morbid,  morbose,  ^^f  marid.  See 
Distempered,  Diseased. 

Morbidness,  morbosity,  ijoj^  marad. 

Morbific  (causing  distemper),  ^y^^ 
mumrid,  ^y  maradl. 

More,  if  jIj  ;  ziyddat,  jt^\  aktar,  "Las 
fadlan.  See  Greater. — To  add  more,  jh 
'tdd.  See  Augment. — To  give  more, 
Sobj  ^Jacl  <z^^a'  ziyddat.     More  ne- 


cessary, 


^J 


1 


atr;Vf5,    AjJ! 


alzam. 


The  more  she  showed  reluctance  to  marry,  so 
much  the  more  did  ber  suiton  increase  in 
eagerness  to  marnr  her.  Then  all  the  Kings 
of  the  Interior  Islands  of  China  sent  magnifi- 
cent presents  and  rare  masterpieces  to  her 
fiither,  with  letters  requesting  her  as  a  wife, 


^liJ  J^^  L5*  '^^3  «*-i:<3l^.  But 
I  must  without'fail  go  to  her  a  second  time. 
On  hearing  this,  my  disorder  increased,  and  I 
heoamie  more  and  more  iU.    After  aome  days. 


however,  the  old  woman  eamesgain,  jC< 

jy^\  uu^M  (♦y  Jju  ^^l^  Uii.  Aad 

if  he  allege  as  a  preAext  to  is  the  extcBtflCtis 
dominions,  the  kingdom  of  &e  son  of  cc 
sister  is  more  extensiTe  than  his  kingdara,  aad  \t 
has  more  numerous  troops  and  aide-de-canp^: 
for  his  kingdom  is  greater  than  the  kin^6si 

of  her  father,  Lt^)  \ ;  >  \  p  S^\  ..*• 

Moreover,  d^J  \4S^Us  ma  ^a2b  siitiL 
Morigerous,  ^U?  ^y»^.    See  Obediec**. 
Morning,  a.  ^^>-Li0  M^dAl,   i^^  *«• 

Mom,  the  morning,  «.  <^v^  jtiiA,  .L? 

M^dA.     Early  in  the  mornings     '^^ 

\Sj  ^cUU  hukrd.      In   the  monusg. 

Ir^V^  «M^Aai».    Morning  and  evening 
Uw«^  4^^  Mi^A  ioa  maid,    Oood  mflo- 

ing,^^^\  — L.0  4a5dA  alkhayr.     Tk 

first  money  received  for  goods  in  i 
morning,  ...lifiiLydt  utifldk.   See  Hsbo- 

sel.— The  morning  star,  .^t^f  *^f 

kawkab  attubh,  O  nighty  if  thou  nnit  i^ 
awaj,  fly  not  with  wings,  for  there  is  no  sott- 
&ction  to  my  eye  in  the  morning !  How  ce 
I  but  hate  the  morning,  since  it  is  thereinto 
the  beautiful  of  face  is  to  be  remoTed  avr 

from  me?  ^j»^  ^\is^jJo^  JJjI  W' 

Morose,  J^  »akll,  (jm^  %haru. 
Morrow  (To-),  \^  ghadeh.    To-morrpif 

night,  Ijx^LL!  laylat  ykadek,  [hik^ 
Morse  (sea-horse),  j^\  ^j^J  fgrtt  tl 
Morsel,  i.  (mouthful),  a^il  ImimA,  ul 

hhnat  (pL  ^A  lukam).    In  miwk 


1£0S 


(817) 


MOY 


^uil  duil  lukmeh  lukmeh.     Afterwards 

he  gave  orders  to  bring  tables  of  the  richest 
viands,  comprising  dishes  of  every  kind ;  and 
the  King  ate,  and  put  morsels  into  her  mouth 

until  she  was  satisfied^^lia^-b^f  ij\  ^ 


Mortal  (deadly),  JjlS  k&ttl,  il^ 
muMik,  c:^j.4m»  mumlL  Bee  Deadly, 
Destractive. — (subject  to  death),  iJSi 
fan\\  (human),  i^j**^,  hashwri,  (JLjI 
tnsdni ;  (extreme,  Tiolent),  Jj  JJ»  tha* 
did*    See  Vehement. 

Mortal,  «.  ^luuJ^  inidn. 

Mortality,  Ui  /and,  J.>»^  c^W,  CJ^ 
ivMRT^.  See  Death,  Destruction.*— A 
great  mortality,  ^^j^U^  td^n,  \i^  wabd. 
See  Epidemical  distemper. — (human 
nature),  ^j^\  <i[<c>.>y\  attali^at  al 
iKuhariyat,  LjKmJW  hfj^^\  attabl^t  ail 
imdniyat, 

Mortally,  \^*^f  ^^j^.^  naw^in  mumU. 

Mortar,  s.  (for  pounding),  ^^U  Mii^cm  ,* 
(for  building),  ^^  ^.  See  Cement, 
Plaster. 

Mortification  (gangrene),  ^\  akikh; 
(self-denial),  ^jjL:i\jM^  haw  annaf$, 
i3\^\  amdtai,  JJbJ  suhd,  ^\j  riyddat. 
See  Abstinence^  Humiliation,  Vexa- 
tion, AlQ&ont. 

Mortify,  V.  jb\Jd\jJ^  kasar  alkMtir; 
(to  be  abstemious),  ^U\  (Jax,  ^anud 
amdtat;  (to  discourage,  affront),  ^Ul 
ahdn.     See  Depress,  Humble. 

Mosque,    $.    (Muhammadan    temple), 
moifad.      The  great  mosque, 
\a^  jdmi^     The  two  mosques  of 
Mecca  and  Medinai  i^^JuBf^^l  atmoi- 
yaddn. 


Moss   (of   any   kind),    tUJif    mhmfm. 

Water-moss,  \^'\/tr^  tahlab. 
Most,  j^\  aksar.     For  the  most  part, 
mostly,  ^il  alaksar,  UU  gh&liban* 
Most  noxious,  f^\^^^  hulr  addarar. 

Moth,  «.  L^^  tntat,  cs*.^  ^it 

Mother,  $.  aI  umm,  irjJIj  ifidlidah.    A 

wife's  mother,  SIa»-  hamdt  A  step- 
mother (father's  wife),  L^i\  i\j^\  am- 
root  Mh,  a)U>  khdhh.  The  mother 
of  a  fhmilr,  l^^I^  L,^\^  adhibai  aU 
"hayi.  See  Mistress.  —Mother  of  pearl, 
(^Jutf  iodaf,  jSj!  Jy^  ^tV^  ^A/fl*  The 
mother  of  oil,  etc.,  l:;..<ojJ\^^  ^a^r 

Motherhood,  <U«\  ummiyaU 
Motherless,  a1  <)l!l.^  mdlaho  umm. 

Motherly,  Ai\  J2^  tnM  al  umm. 

Motion,  !Sj^  hardkat ;  (a  proposition  in 
a  public  assembly),  jjyiJ  iakrlr,  4^«xaJ 
takdimal,  f^^  kadiyat,  ij^*y^  mad^\ 
(^^Jik^  matlal.     To  make  a  motion, 

X^  ^a/a^  Jcadiyat,  The  motion  of  the 
pube,  ^ja^\  ^j=>-  harahat  anndbt. 

Motionless,  £^  ^U  mdlaho  harahat, 
^Lj  sdhin. 

Motive  (giving  motion),  cJ^^r^  muhar- 

rih,  Themotivepowers,  i&^^^ultv^^f 
al  huiffd  al  mutharrikah. 

Motive,  »,  ^'^'^  aahah,  lL^\)  hd^, 

K„,^0^y^  mUjib,   ^JLiilj  wdaitah,  Im 

^ilkU,  See  Cause. 
Motto,  3.  ^Jiiij  nahih,   JulU   ^aldmai. 

The  motto  on  a  seal  or  ring,  ^^fiJu 

Ajlf^  nahsh  hhdtim. 

Movable,  i^j^\  ^jL^^  mumhin  al  harahat, 

cJJ^  yutaharrah,  Jj\j  sdyi7.     See 

62 


IfOU 


(818) 


Hoir 


EemoTable.— Not  moTable,  ^^fj^^j^ 

cJ^^U  ghayr  muiaharrik. 

MovableQefls,  l^j^\  ^ViLtf  mkdn  a/ 

ktirakat. 
MoTabljy  kl)j^^  muihmrik 
Move,  V,   (give  inoiion  to  anything), 

cJf»-  harrak.     To  move  (tn^aiM.), 

iaharrai.     Unable  to  move, 

A^j^i  Id  harahU  laho.  To  move 
(propose),  (jOjC  ^rad.     See  To  make 

amotion.— (to  make  melancholy ),  ^*>^' 

tawdan.  And  the  heart  of  the  old  woman  waa 
moTed  with  compaaaioii  for  him,  and  his  weep- 
ing and  lamenting  grieved  her.  She  then  said 
unto  him,  0  my  son,  what  is  in  this  paper, 

that  it  has  made  thee  weep  ?  ll  ^|^ 

i\^^  *j^  W^  (^j  J^'  s-^ 

Moyement,  ^J>^  harxikiUtCJJjsa^tahrlk. 

See  Motion. 
Kovedi  cJ  .^v^  mutakarrik. 

Mover,  i,  cJjS^  muharrik ;  (a  proposer, 
persuader),  i^\j  AtXL«  mukaddim  rdy, 

A  mover  of  mischief  or  sedition, 
i:^\  i^jS^  muharrik  alfitnat,  s^jsr* 
jLuilf  muharrik  dlfaBdd, 

Moving,  movent,  part,  C^js:^  muharrik. 
Mould,  8.  c^U  kdlih.  {^kdlib. 

Mould,    V.   (form),    k»Jli  J^^*^    ^amal 
Mouldable,  v»J^a:u  yatakawlah. 
Moulded,  L^^A^muibtr/a3.  See  Formed. 
Moulder, «.  \^^^  mukawlih,  SeeMaker. 
Moult,  V.  (shed  or  lose  feathers),  ^j 

^mJj  waka^  rishaho. 
Mound,  8.  Jud  8add.     To  mound  or  for- 

tify  with  a  mound,    Jl«)  J.a£    ^anui/ 

«a^,  ^jm^aa^  ^^a^  ^amal  tahln.     See 

Fortify. 


Mount,  9.  (go  np),  Jju0  aMiy  ^^io  UHh; 
(to  raise  np),  ^j  rm/a^  To  moont 
on  horseback,  l^j  rehei.  See  Hon^ 
back. — To  monnt  or  rise  in  price,  ^ 

m 

gkaXUi.     To  monnt  (embeDiah  elote, 
etc.,  with  omamentB),   ^JLsj  imU, 

Mountain,  mount,  «.  (J^s^  jaM  (pL 
iJL>-  jibdr).   The  top  of  a  monntsiD, 

J^\  U^b  ^'  i^0i«/.     See  Sonusit 
Top. — From  mountain  to  moimtain,  ^ 


path  or  pass  betweoi  inoantns& 
L^pjC  ^k&b.  Clefts  in  mountsiss, 
,yu  8ughiLr.     A.  mount  (little  hiK\ 

Jj  iaU  (pi.  Ji;  ^tZfi/).  Mount  Ske, 
^^«f^  ijf^  /0M  8ahy^n,  Moos: 
Sinai,   L^j^  ^ur  »Ind.      Gibraltar. 

j^iy  1  J«s»-  yo^a/  att&rik.      And  h 

its  side  a  ^jeat  mountain,  reiy  higti ;  no  « 
could  see  its  summit  hv  reason  of  its  ejsemr'- 
height,  and  no  one  haa  the  power  to  aseend^ 

>^'  yj  cf^^  f^  J;^  VK' 

^Ij^JLiJl   ^^    Sjdi     S^i    ^jml* 

m 

Mountain  (found  on  or  belonging  to 
mountains),  _Lf^ya^a/^,  ^JL^^^^foi- 

8hl.  See  Wild" 
Mountaineer,  ^\^ jahah. 

Mountainous,    Ju^  jahdll. 

Mourn,  v.  ^^  heun,  ca^Ij  ^««m^. 
k.;^.o^  noAa^.  See  Lament,  Grieve.^ 
(wear  mourning),   jl  J^l  ^^^^   kh« 

al  hiddd,   (o^  hetfin.      Then  th^ 

continued  the  ceremonies  of  moumhtf  .'" 
him  a  whole  month ;  and  the  mde  ^  vr 
King,  with  his  mother,  and  the  danghtsf  & 
his  uncle,  came  and  consoled  Uiem  for  the  1» 

of  the  King  his  father,  ^^^•XiU  «f'^  »' 


MOW 


(819) 


MXTL 


Then  the  lords  of  the  empire  and  the  grandees 
went  in  to  the  King  and  said  nnto  hint,  0 
Kine  of  the  Time,  there  is  no  harm  in  mourn- 
ing for  the  King  thy  hiher ;  hut  mourning  he- 
cornea  not  any,  save  women.  Therefore  trouhle 
not  thy  heart  and  ours  hy  mourning  for  thy 
father,  for  he  has  died  and  left  thee-,  and  he 
who  has  left  such  as  thou  art  is  not  dead, 

t^gU  ^j  cLiliUj  2L5JU.  l^) 

Moamed,  <uLc  ^J^  nwXhoU  ^a^yhi.  See 

Eegretted. 
Moarner,  *.  f(\j  ndffih,  _^l>  hdkl.   See 

Lamenter. — A  company  of  female 
xnoomers,  iZj\>'\y  ttawwdhdt. 

Mournfol,  ^J>-  ha%in,  ^y^k^maffhmUm, 
^•^f^  mahsiun.  See  Melancholy, 
Sorrowful.  [jfham. 

If  oumfiillyy  moomingly,   ^  Jilj  bikol 

MoumfolnesSy  ^  yAam,  J\  alam,  .y 

nawh,  ^y>-  Afon.     See  Lamentation, 
Sorrow,  Grief. 
ICouming  haUts,  j1j^»^  hUAd. 

ICoose,  «.  y^U  farak  (fem.  pL  d^j^U 
/drdt),  yj^jf^  flrdn.  A  mouse  trap, 
^Lo  $jLMtf/«  moBifadat  firdn. 

f  outh,  «.  ^  /«0i  (pi.  aUjI  afmdm^ 
»\^\  afwdh).  Belonging  to  the  mouth, 
i^  fummh  The  mouth  or  oriftce  of 
the  stomach,  2jumJ1  j^s  Jumm  al  mi^dat. 

Xouthed  (having  a  mouth),  *5  ^  laho 

Couthfnl,  $,  ^Ui!  hikme  or  luknuU. 
£ow,  9.  (out  down),  Jua>-  AmoJ. 
lower,  #.  J^l>-  Adni. 


Much, j^  AMfr,^t^  wdjir,  jiji  ffhai&r. 
Much  time,  j^  ^Uj  lamdn  AmIt. 
Little  wr  muofa,  ^;^^  J>tJ^  Aa^^  wa 
huHr,  Much  rain,  j^Ja^  tnatar 
ibwfr.     How  much?  a^  kam.    Yery 

much,  <Obu  highdyatf  IJ^  jiddan. 
Much  the  same  (equal  in  quantity, 
value,  influence,  etc.),  JjtXf  ^i^ff/. 
See  Equal. 

Mucus  (snot  of  the  nose),  i^lc^*  mukhdL 

Mud,  ^jJ?  ^7n,  (J»-^  «>aA/. 

Mud,  V.  (bury  in  the  mud),  ^jJaSb^^^ 

Muddiness,^^  ^akar,  jty^  kadar.  See 
Foulness,  Turbidness. 

Muddy  (turbid),jJk^c^fl?itf/aXa(l(^fr;  (full 
of  mud),  JifC^  muta^kkir.  Muddy 
water,  ^J!jc^L«  md  mu^kkar,  L« 
t^sr^  md  maAA&il^.  To  become  muddy, 

^ju   ta^akkar.     To  muddy  or  make 
muddy,  ilc  ^akkar. 
Mufti  (the  first  law  officer  among  the 
Muhammadans),  ^^A/*  mufti,     [Cup. 
Mug^  t,j^  kOM  (pi.  j\^\  akwd%).     See 
Mulberry,  »,  tJDy  tut.     A  wild  mul- 
berry, i^jj  cjy  ^fi/  barri. 

Mulct,  ^^j^'  jarimat,  ^\jA  gJiardmaU 
A  mulct  for  murder  or  bloodshed.  ^  J 
diyat. 

Mulct,  V.  M,^  jaram. 

Mule,  «.  Jju  5a^A/  (pi.  JU;  lighdV). 
Muleteer,  «.  JUi  haghghal^  l5*?iA^  *^" 

MuUeiu  (plant),  c^jJl  ^!j  idn  oiMtfA. 

Multangular,  MjijJi^^  laAr  MHkitiFdyd> 

uJt^St^  hOir  alatrdf. 
Multifarious,  multiform,  JV^  ^^^   ^  "n  ^ 


MUK" 


(820) 


MI7B 


Multilatera],  ^yai\j^  katfr  tQfunHh 

Multinominal,  \Amii\j^  kailr  al  i$md. 

ICnltipliable,  multiplicable^  imJtji^\^jLt^ 
nmmJtm  addarh,  (^.j>j,aij  yyndafib, 

Hultiplicableneas,  d^^^l^lC^I  imkan 
addarh,  C/<A*'- 

Maltiplicandy  ^  i^^j,dAi\  al  madrnh 

Maltiplication,y  IC  takatur^j^^ij  taktJr, 
b_iUjl  €ut^/.  See  Inorease. — Multi- 
plication in  arithmetiei  <-ry^1  addarh. 

Multiplicity,  L|^\  tfrdtj  ijl^  hmrat, 
if  jU  j  wiyAdai. 

Multiplied,  u.icLi«  mudd^af^  <X[|^ 
mutatdytd;  (in  arithmetic),  f^^^a^ 
madrnb. 

Multiplier,  9.  ^i^  mukatUr\  (in  arith- 
metic), (^j,a^  fMtdarrtb. 

Multiply,  p.  (cause  to  increase),  ^^  kai- 
tar,  j\j  tad,  v-JfU  dd^f.  To  mul- 
tiply arithmetically,  <--^  darab ;  (to 
multiply  or  be  multiplied),  j:^  teUtt 
j^j\^  sdr  kailr. 

Multitude,  ip^  hatrat      A  multitude, 

^A^  jam^,  i£\A^  jamatft,  A**-*^ 

jam^iyat    A  ^reat  multitude,  ^^ 

j^  jam^  Jtallr.  [oub.  Manifold. 

Multitudinous,  ^*^  ^adld.  See  Numer- 

Mumbler,  s,  J^ax^  munaknik,  Jm:>.^ 
mutakimkam.  See  Muttcrer,  Grumbler. 

Mummy,  s,  l*^v«  mumld. 

Mundane  (belonging  to  the  world),  /<^^ 

^dlaml,  ^yji^  dunyawH,  i^^«^  ^^m- 

ydtol. 
Municipal,  (J«x^  mudtmt. 
Munificence,  i^ls^  wkhatoat,  t^j>'jud, 

Ur"  iakhd.     See  Liberality. 
Munificent,  i<c*^  MilAl,  j\^  jitwwdd, 

^i^  Wim.  See  Liberal,  Generous. 
Munificently,   ^^j  ij\jsr^  Jij  WM  »a- 


khdwat  wa  karam.      See    LibenJlj, 

Generously. 
Muniment.    See  Fortifioatiaii,  Soppol 
Munition,  jU^J  ttMayir.     See  Pctt- 

fication,  Ammunition. 
Mural,  ^.Vijfv  Atfy^f. 

Murder,   J:j   ita^7.     Self-mnrder,  J:i 
^ywAJliU^/aiifitf/f.  Amnlctformindff, 
j\j  tor.    See  Mulct. — ^BatUe  and  mur- 
der, J^^  ^j^  ^^  ^^  kUdl. 
Murder,  v.  J^  katal.     See  KilL 
Murdered,  Jyi^  makinl,  iJiAi^  wu»- 
kata,  J^  katil  (fem.  ILiJ  isfiZa^ 

pi.  Ibi  i^u/a^d).    When  the  Ehaleef^ 

beheld  this,  tean  ran  down  his  cheeks ;  ai 
looking  towards  Jaafar,  he  ezcl«med,  O  dof 
of  WezeerSf  Bhall  people  be  murdend  in  bt 
time,  and  be  thrown  into  the  river,  aad  beesee 
burdens  upon  my  conseience  and  responailaiitT? 


Murderer,  i.  JJU  ite^t7,  Jlii  iaUdL  1 
self-murderer,  AamAj  JjIj  kSiUnrnfatk. 

Murderess,  «.  ^li  kdttlat. 

Murdering,  part,  Jj»Ij  ild^»7. 

Murderous,  Jli  ib«fi/,  UjJ^  tl^L 
«£/£][;  addamd.     See  Bloody,  Cmel. 

Murmur  (complaint),  JulCl   «Aaibay^; 

(confused  noise),  ^Ji  karh^st,    Ute 

murmur  of  a  crowd,  <lIkLc  ^AMfyUA 

if^  dajjat. 
Murmur,  v.  (complain),  ,XuJ  fai^fctf. 

Murmnrer, ,.  ^Ll  t^oitf ,  ^^^  .Nrf.- 

«AaUl.  [JUywiMt 

Murrain,  8.  iJL^\j\y^\  ^ye}^  td^  d 


MUS 


(821) 


MTJT 


Muscle,  «•  (of  the  human  body),  iLde> 

^adlat  (pi.  d^lLsf  ^J&t). 
Muscular,  musculous,  J«afr  ^adl.   Yerj 

muscular,  J^\j^  hatlr  at  ^adl, 
Muse,^  JUtr.     See  Thought. 

Muse,  p.  Jsi\  t/tatar,  J^lJ  tdmmal. 
See  Ponder,  Think,  Befieot— (to  be 
absent  in  mind),  j\Cji\  ja^^  ^  jjXe, 

ghdrik  f%  hahr  al  afh&r.     A  muser, 

^Jc^  fmUafakkir. 
Mueenm, «.  uJ^lil  ijjri^  JcJuanai  atiuhuf. 
Mushroom,  s,  irU^  kamdt. 

Music,  l)y  natffhiU,  \A^y  tnlUiJI^.  And 

in  it  were  ako  instmrnente  of  murio  and  mirth, 
and  yarieties  of  beautiAil  slaye  nrls,  oTeryone 
ranged  in  good  order,  eocoraing  to  rank, 

•  ••  -^     •         '^p 
Musical,   ^Ju^y  miUiJA.     A  musical 

instrument,  Ju^l  JL!)  nib^  ainawhat. 
A  performer  on  musical  instruments, 
cJUy  tMwhatl.  A  musical  tone,  note, 
or  mode,  |#U^  makdm.  Musical  notes, 
LZj\^\Lt  mak&m&L  A  musical  air, 
\^  hawa,  LJu  naghnat  See  Air,  Song. 

Musician,  «.  vJbJ  natrid^I,  JiHl  0^^. 

Mask,  uXiM^  ffNMi(.  Turcoman  musk, 
i^Ka^Jj  CjC»i>^  miMi^  turkmdnl.  Per- 
fumed with  musk,  <^^-  t-f  mumassah. 
A  dealer  in  musk,  4j,Cn>^  clL  haggd^ 

tntuk,  [kiyeh.     See  Oun. 

iCasket,  «.  yJ^b  hdrnde,  ^Jcj  ^tmi^t^ 
fusky,    JIm*.>^  mtM^. 

£aslin,  UJu^^^  mtl«ftii<I. 
dCusnlman,  «.  (Muhammadan  believer), 
^Jum^  miM/fifi  (pi.  ^^.mJu**^  mt»/»miii). 

f  nift  (to  be  necessary,  obliged),  ^jH  la%m. 

Xou  must  eat,  J^U  d^Ji  Idsim  UM. 


You  must  not  eat,  J^b  A;)t«  mA 
l&um  idhd.  We  must  do  what  is 
good,^l  JmSu  J^  Lie c-.^^jll  ^J^ 

mm  altoqfib  ^alaytfla  an  nqf^al  al  khayr.  Thou 

knoweat,  0  King,  that  the  Queen  Joharah, 
the  daughter  of  our  lord  tiie  Sing,  must  be 
married ;  for  the  sage  saith,  The  ineritable  lot 
of  the  damsel  is  either  marriage  or  the  grave ! 

j^\  ^\ .  I  must  endeaTour  to  accom- 
plish this  affair  of  the  son  of  my  sister,  though 
m^  life  be  lost  thereby,  sinee  1  was  the  cause 
of  this  event ;  and  as  I  cast  him  into  the  seas 
of  her  love,  I  will  striTe  to  marry  him  to  her ; 
and  may  Ood  aid  and  assist  to  that  effect  I 

\  ^\  i>-U-*Li3  i^  ^^\  ^'iSi^ 

Mustaches,  im^j\y  $h»wdr%b. 

Mustard,  J<3^  khardal. 

Muster,  v.  an  ann7,^^Cujil\  ^Jlc  ^uliy,  J^f 

^mal  yoJdama  ^M  al  ^kar. 
Musty,  ^2^«A^  mu^ffin.     Musty  bread, 

Mutability,  mutableness,  f\^^  mSa  ^adam 
Aifrdm,  d^Lj  i*«Xe  ^adam  sabdt,  jJu 

iaghayyur.     See  Uncertainty. 

Mutable,  j\J  aSU  mtf/^^  kardr,  ^U 
CI^Lj  mdJei^fa^d/, -JtL<«  mutaghayyir, 
J^ljsdyt?.  See  Inconstant,  Changeable. 

Mute,^^^^.^^\aMr4M.  See Bumb.— Mute 
property  (in  opposition  to  lire  stock), 
uu^U  JU  mS/  «difHV.  Mute  as  a 
letter.  ^  ^n,  (.J^  «««,W 

Mutilate,  ji^  ^awwmrf  hi^  9akkat, 

Mutilated,  IoAn*^   musakkat,    ^j 


!mtb 


(822) 


NAl 


Mutilation,  j^fu  ta^r,  )asL»  tahal. 
Mutineer,  t.  ^J^^,  hSykl,  ic^le  gdri. 
Mutinous,   ic^V    i^^h    ^J^  faitdn, 

Hutiaoiuly,  e^W^  J^  ^*<'^^  ^Mf^dii. 

tugh^&n,  ^Vac  ^tMydii,  jLJ  /Md<?. 

See  Sedition. 
Mutiny,  v.  ^Ju  hagha\  hoi  J«4fi  ^amdl 

JUnat,  ,<*ae  ^otl,  jLJ  J^  ^nudfudd. 

Mutter,  V.  fiASu  takamkam,  SeeMurmur, 

Grumble.  [mwr.    See  Murmur. 

Mutter, «.  ^LiAjf  takamkuin,j^S}  tadam- 

Mutterer, «.  ^»S^>ja.^  mutakamkim,  j^Si^ 

tnutadammir, 
Mutteringly^^jJ  J^  hikol  iadammur. 
Mutton,  f^  ^  lahm  ghanam,  4JIJ  ^^ 

Mutual,  (J^yiMu*  mmhiarak,  Uiju  Af*^ 

ha^dihum  ha^dan.  Mutual  oonsent, 
^ly  tawdfak.  Giving  mutual  aseist- 
ance,  Lsju  ^fioiu  Ij  JlcLi  td^adH  ha^i- 

Mutually,   (^^^«J  ^{j^   hacdin  laha^d. 

Taking  hands  mutually,  ^Lsi^L^^  masd' 

fdhat. 
Muzzle,  f.  ^  Jumm.     See  Mouth. — A 

muzzle  (for  a  dog,  hog,  etc.),  ^ha^. 

To  muzzle  the  mouth,  v_  \^]\  ^  ^ 
lajam  fumm  dlhalh. 
^7*  S^  ^  >  ^  ^7  W>  ti^"^^  tca^oiA.    My 
house,  ^^LJ  ^o^^l.  Myface^^c^jK^d/Al. 

Myrobalan  (tree  or  fruit),  ^tf^?^^  ihlnlaj. 

The   yeUow   myrobalan,  ^^1  ^f^' 
tA/i^'  Mfar, 
Myropolist,  9,  (a  seller  of  unguents  or 


Myrrh,  ^  mttrr,  ^V^/^  *•""*  •"■^ 

Oil  of  myirh,  tju^  nuty^aL 
Myrtle,  t.  (tree  or  fruit),  (^T  a«.    TW 

wild  or  mountain  myrtle,  i^Jx/'^' 
as  harri. 
Myself,  ^<m«a}  \j\  and  nafH.  '  And  laid 

within  mvBeU^  I  will  arise  and  go  throtg^ 
some  of  tne  market  streets,  and  see  the  stue 
(of  the  trade).    So  I  took  some  staff;  and  t;^ 

*       t  ~ 

some  of  my  servants  carry  it,  o  ^ 

Mysterious,  mystic,  mystical,  ijj^  nw^ 
^Jjsr^  mukhfi.  A  mystical  sigiii&a- 
tion,  ^^\  ^^  ma^'  utiUJl 

Mysteriously,  mystically,^MJU  hUnrr. 

Mystery,  mysteriousnesa,  mysticalnes, 
j^sirr.  Mysteries, j\^^  Mrdr.  DiTue 
mysteries,  ^^^J^j^\  (urdr  tUhtj/it. 


d::!^^^'^  iJ^U^l  C/^ 


••  * 


\. .  r^' 


N. 


N,  in  English,  has  an  inyariable  souoi 
excepting  before  g,  where  the  sooai 
is  nasal,  as  in  king ;  *  and  after  a 
where  it  is  almost  silent,  as  in  '  coe- 
demn.'   In  Arabic  it  is  expressed  by^> 

l^adir  (the  point  of  the  lower  bemispbm, 
in  opposition  to  the  vertical  poist 
zenith),  Jlo}  noslr,  ji^\  ommot. 
iUwyJl^^Jo}  nazlr  asnmat. 

Nail,  *.  (of  the  finger  or  toe),^  »y 
(pLjUk^  a%fdr,jJ^\  azd/tr).  Tbc 
nail  or  nails  of  birds  or  beasts,  4..^ 
ihalb,  «^J.^  mikhlah.  See  Oir. 
Talons. — To  tear  or  scratch  with  &e 
nails,  ^/*y^/>-  kharmasA.    A  nail,  s^ 


NAM 


(823) 


NAT 


of  iron,  etc.,j\AMAf  mismdr  (pl^A^LuMi 
nuudmlr). 
Nail,  v.j^cmm^  nuumar. 

Naked,  j^lj^  ^arydn.  See  Bare.— ^ 
(plain,  clear,  not  hidden), ^U?  %ah9r; 
(simple,  mere),  ^^^Ik^  mutlah. 

Nakedly  (withoat  covering),  uJjACJb 

htlmahhuf;  (plainly),  lybli?  sd^iran; 
(simply,  merely),  U1L«  mutlahan. 
Name,  ^1  t«m ;  (title),  w^^  /aJb&  (pi. 
c^lili  alkdh).  To  give  a  name  (to  a 
child),  ^^^4^  9amma\  In  the  name  of 
God,  ^\  >AuJ  hiimiUahi,  A  snmame 
(jaho  a  title  of  honour),  c,..,Sl  2tiJbi^ 

(pL  c^Ull  n/^si).    And  she  said,  0 

xn^  lord,  on  m^  head  and  my  eye  (in  the  name 
of  God !) — equivalent  to,  I  will  do  it  with  all 
my  heart !  And  she  sprang  np  fall  of  happi- 
ness, and  very  glad  to  do  it,  t^uJliJ 

am 

In  the  name  of  God  the  Eternal,  the  Ererlast- 
ing  throughout  all  ages !  In  the  name  of  God, 
who  begetteth  not,  and  who  is  not  begotten, 
and  unto  whom  there  is  none  like !  In  the 
name  of  God,  the  Mighty  and  Powerful !  In 
the    name   of  the   Uving   who   dieth   not, 

.1  \^  ^  Jj  ^j  Jy^  ^^  jIj  jj 

Name,  r.  ,<^  tamrn^;    (to  appoint), 

4j«>-y<i^a/.  See  Nominate,  Specify, 
Mention,  Utter. 

N'amed,  ^^4^*^^  musamma, 

N^ameless,  m^\  h  hild  ism ;  (not  famous), 

*^jfjfU9y^  ghayr  ma^rOf. 

N'amesake,  «•  ^JLi  iumml. 

Namely,   ^^jju   ya^nl;    (particularly), 

\^ya:>^  MttfftMn,  ^ya^\i  bUkhuiiit, 


^' 


mtuiakiUan,  UlL^  muOakan, 
Nap,  «.  ^y  naum.    See  Sleep,  Slumber. 

Nap,  17.  a\j  ndm. 

Nape  (of  the  neck),  US  iafd. 
Naphtha  (a  bituminous  substance),  La3 

Mft.    Anointed  with  naphtha,  ^^^ii 

nafil. 
Narcissus,  \j»*^i  nary'ii,  ^jlj***J  fiMHn. 
Narcotic  (producing  stupefaction),^^^^*/* 

muskir,  m^^  munayyim. 

Nard  (an  odoriferous  herb),  ^Ji^J^  ndrdin. 

Narration,  narrative, ».  i^  kiuat,  ^.^^^ 
hikdyat.  See  History,  Story,  Tale, 
Eolation. 

Narrative  (relating),  ^JlSj  naklX, 

Narrator,  «.  i^^j  rdwl,  ,J^^  kdkl, 
OA-c^  muhaddU,  See  Historian, 
Story-teller. 

Narrow  (not  broad  or  wide),  j;^  dayyik ; 

(covetous),  ^UL  tammd^  See  Avari- 
cious.— ^A  narrow  pass,  ^^j^  ^rkah. 

Narrow,  v.  ^J^  dayyak. 

Narrowly  (without  extent),  aiu^  J^ 
hikol  dikat 

Narrowness,  (jOji\  iSi  hiUat  al^ard; 

(avarice).  Jar  hukhul ;  (want  of  capa- 
city), fjAji\  AtXe.  ^adam  al^akl. 

Nasal  (belonging  to  the  nose),  ^Jlj\  anfl. 

Nasty,  k^j  umsekh,  ^Ju,^-\i  fdhUh. 

NastHy,  JLll^  JG  hikd  fahdthat     Bee 

Obscenely. 
Nastiness,  ils^Lij  woidkhat,  LJ^nafd- 

sat     See  Dirt,  Filth;  Obscenity. 
Natal,  L^*^y  mawladl.    See  Native. — 

The  natal  day,  jiy  mawlad.      See 

Birthday,  Nativity. 
Nation, «.  JU1  utnmat,  iiu^  tdyfat,  JuLj 


KAT 


(824) 


muL 


kdbilat  See  People. — (country), 
mulk,  ^A^  mamlaktU. 
Kational  (public,  general),^/«^^ifmaiiii, 

i*le  ^&m,  ^^ia^  mutlak;  (aitaohed  to 

one's  country),  ^j^^\  s^^^te^  muhib.  (d 
watan. 
Natiye,  ^^^  adl,  ^J\^i  sdA.     Native 

coantry,  ^^  watan.      See  Natural, 

Ori^inaL  The  wise  and  learned  do  not  obtain 
honour  and  glory  by  staying  at  home ;  leave, 
therefore,  thy  nati?e  oount^  and  go  abroad, 

ijtL^  u^jI  ^jjj  c^  4^<a!  aUuI^^jU 

Native,  «.  c^jJj  haladl,  *^^y  mawlftd. 

Nativity,  jJ^  mawlad,  j)L«  mildd,  iJij 
walddat  See  Birth. — ^The  nativity  of 
Jesos  Christ,  .^u^jii]  c^m«j  j)L«  mildd 
ffosH^  al  nuuih. 

Natural  (according  to  nature),  (J^3  *dii, 
^^^uJs  iahl^l  i^/iif>r  jawhart ;  (easy, 
unaffected),  ^yuA9  tahl^.     Natural 

.  instinct,  ^Vt^^  aitabl^t.  A  natural 
inclination,  ^jilJo  J^  ma^fl  tuH^. 

Naturally,  UJ9  tab^am,  Lj\3  Mfym. 

Naturalness,  i»^  taii^,  (JL>\3  wat. 
See  Nature.~(ea8ines8),  ii\Jff  M^a/at, 
c^jI  adab. 

Nature,  ifu^  iahl^,  ^J?  tal^  (pi. 
^LL  tabdffi^),  i^jL^  mashrab,  ^J^ 
mit&j.  See  Constitution,  DispoBition. 
—(sort);  (jy*:^  /iVm,  ^y  iwir^,  ^ 
hiim.  See  Ejnd.-*Di vine  nature,  «.^»yt 
^^\  attab^  al  (Mi,  Human  nature, 
ilj^\  iju^\  attabi^  al  btuthariyat. 
Against  nature,  ijc^flall  i^lU.  hhildf 
attabi^at.  Good natured,  r  Ijl «.  a.VJ 
latff  attabi^.    See  Benevolent. 

Naval,  9.  i^jSsT  bahri,     A  naval  battle, 
^\  J\:a  kttdl  al  bahr. 


Navel,  i.  JlaJi\  i^  mrai  al  Us. 
Naught,   naugh^,  ji^  ^arifi  J^^ 

Ma.   See  Bad,  Cmropt,  WoitUw 
Naughtily,  \jJ^  9lmTtm. 
Navigable,  ^~r^j^\  i^^LJ  todjfrtt 

al  mardkdb* 

Navigate,  r.  ysalUy L*  iSfir  H  Wr 

After  having  navigated  for  the  ipitt  ^  ^ 
whole  month,  we  came  to  Umd^udwfr 
embarked  some  horses  which  we  had  viib 

in  the  ship,^^!  ^  lj/-»  U»x«  j*» 

Navigation,  ^^^\yLiM/»*  a/  4f^.  5« 
Navigator,  *.  4,^*^  *«*»^-     [Sb^ 
Nauseate^ «.  (.J^  iUr^.     See  Loitfae. 
Nauseous,  ^ji^;^  ffuiibiU,  v.J;£«>i«^. 
Nauseously,  c-jy  J^  WW  lar»/. 
Nauseousness,  uJ^  ibrff/. 
Nautical,   nautic,  ^^-j^l^^iJ  <-J^ 
«naff«u5  kuafar  al  bahr,      [See  Fkf^ 
Navy,  «.  iyaC  ijUc  jiswrB*  Wr^ 

Nay,  J  fa,lLl  aifc».  See  No.  ShelooW 
at  him  again  and  again,  and  wsb  notsia^i^ 
wlUk  contemplating  his  &ce ;  naj,  her  lo^R^ 

him  increased  exceedingly,  ***  ^jf 

Neap  (tide),  jjsf-  /mt. 
Near,  (not  £ar  off,  at  the  side),  c^; 
iari3.   See  Neighbouring.— (related  u 

kindred),  ^^J  iardytb.  To  d»f 
near,  c-jy  karrab.  See  ApproftA" 
Far  and  near,  \^^  Ij/  it«»^  •" 

Near,  nearly  (almost),  ^a^  nak^ 

Nearer,  nearest,  ^-'fSl  akrab. 
Nearness  (closeness),  c^  hml^  ^.f 

tahrib;    (relationship),  h\y  i^^ 

See  Kindred. 


NBC 


(823) 


NSC 


Neat^  ^.JJb!  fa^f/,  uJj^  suirf/.  See  Ele- 
gant.— (clean,  cleanly),  u,Bjla3  nazlf; 
(unadnlterated),  ^l^  ihdliif  ijf\^ 
9dfl,    See  Pare,  TJnmixed,  G^nnine. 

!^eaUy,  lJUj  haidf,  ij\ioj  J^  Mta 
na%dfat,  [^Ua)  fuu&fat. 

S'eatness,  iLiUa!  laULfat;  (cleanliness), 

^Necessaries,  (^L^j!  asldh,  C^b^^^  du- 
rUriydt,  CL^UjI^  lawdzimat,  crjls^l>- 
hdjdt,  ^j>^  hawdyii\  C1^U*Lj^>-1 
ahtiydjdt,  ajU  lawdzim,  lZj\a^  mu- 

himmdt.  Necessaries  for  food,  tJl^li^jl^ 
ii^luif  darHriyat  al  mu^dsh, 

fecessarily,  Uj^jJ  ^fimaiii  Ul^l  itti- 
zdman,  dJ^ld  hud,  ij^j>al\i  hU  durikrat, 
ijn/^  durHratan,  c^.^^^^^  hil  wdjth, 
dA  Ls.^  }  Id  mahdlat  Happening  neces- 
sarily, 9^^^i^j3r^  darUrf  al  waku^, 
Necessarily  connected,  /Vp^  malzHm, 
Necessarily  existing,  i^^^\  *jl  Idzim 

al  foujud.  [Urgency, 

ecessariness,  Ij^j^^  darHrat,  See 
ecessary,  |#ji  ld%im,  c,,>*i.>-lj   todjih, 

jt^  muhm,  ^^oj:!^  muktadl,  ^j^j-i 
dar&ri,  SeeEequisite. — Necessary  con- 
seqaences^  ci^Lmo-I-L*  muktadiydt 
Necessary  to  be  performed  or  paid, 
\^i\  ^'Ji  U%%m  al  idd,  Jlia^!ll  ^^^^\j 
tcdjih  al  imtUdl,  Necessary  to  be  done 
over  again,  or  made  np  for,  when  not 
done  right  at  first,  \^\  l^-^^I^  wdjdb 
ai  kadd.  Necessary  to  be  preserved, 
O  \3^\  Aji  ld%im  al  wakdyat.  Necessary 

to  be  obeyed,  ^^V^  S-^l?  wdjib  al 
\tbd^.  Commands  necessary  to  be 
>'beyed,  Jlt::;^!!!  £*>-lj^t^l  mcdmir 
i^afihai  al  imtiidl.  Necessary  to  be 
>»teemed»  honoured,  or  respected,  /iji 


Ai^cJl  ld%m  oMkrim,  Anything 
necessary  to  be  done  or  procored,  _^ 
Apt  shy  ld%im,  l>-\>^  hdjat.  It  is  neces- 
sary, ^p  Idxim,  ^^  Idyik,  u^^c^^^ 
wdjib,  i^j^j^  durUri,  Very  neces- 
sary, most  necessary,  (^j^^^  /*p^  aham 
al  lawdiim.  To  be  necessary,  lSjj/^j^ 
idr  durUri,  fj^j^  ^r  Idzim,  To 
judge  necessary,  ^jJ  ^j^/^^ser  tahassam 
ladayhi.  To  necessitate  or  make  neces- 
sary, 4^^^dL4£  ^amdldho  dttrHrip 
Aji  <0l4^  ^amalaho  Idzim.        [polled. 

Necessitated,  /^^j^  mdlzUm.    See  Com- 

Neoessitons,  .^^s^^b^  muMdj,  ^JL**,^  mis- 
l^n,  jJi  fdJAr.    See  Indigent,  Poor. 

Neoessitously,  -.Ls^lj  h^j^  <J^  ^*^^ 
durUratwaihtiydj.  SeePoorly,Needily. 

Necessity,  nece8sitou8ne8s,i;^^itfrflra^, 
S^K^- hdjat,  j^^^i^  ihiiydjfjij  JuJtr. 
See  Need,  Poverty,  Indigence. — (fatal- 
ity, cogency),  Lai  hadd,ji^  tahdlr, 
SeeFate. — (indispensableness,  pressing 
occasion),  >»•!}  /tafim,  Ln  \%\  iktidd, 

ijjj^  durHrat,  Jija^\  idtirdr.  See 
Compulsion,  Force. 

Neck,  «.  Jh^  ^nk  (pi.  jlic^  a^k). 
An  ornament  for  the  neck,^t«^£ar<^ii. 
See  Neoklaoe. — To  throw  the  arms 
about  the  neck,  J^U  ^nak.  See 
Fmbrace. 

Necklace,  t.  ^^*>/  karddn,  ^Xac  ^kd 
(pi.  0^  ^(Aad),  jjb  tawk  (pi.  jt^t 
atwdk).  See  Collar. — Adorned  with  a 
necklace,  ^^^J^^^]lteiMibr<^ii.  To 

ornament  with  a  necklace,  ij^*^^  (jmJ 

IdbhoB  karddn.  On  her  head  was  a 
crown  of  gold,  with  a  fillet  of  jewels ;  on  her 
neek  was  a  necklace  of  jewels,  in  the  middle 

of  which  were  refulgent  gems,  ^Ju^* 


NEE 


(826) 


NEG 


Necromancer,  t.  ^^Li  f dMr.  See  Ea- 
cbanter,  Sorcerer. — ^A  female  necro- 
mancer, »j^\^  iahirdh.  See  Sorceress. 

Necromancy,  yfi*^«t%r.  See  Enchant- 
ment. \rahik. 

'Nectai,y^  Jtawaar,  (^**m7  toinlm,  {j^j 

Nectarine,  %,  y<^}^ ^^  tujffuhfar^. 

Need,  i^\>-  hdjat,  '9^\p»j>'\  ^htiyaj,  ij^j^ 
durHrat.  See  Poverty,  Necessity,  Want, 
Indigence. — (exigence,  pressing  occa- 
sion), /%5p  Ita^m,  ijjj^  durHrat,  \*aii\ 
iktida. 

Need,  v.  ^l::^»^t  ihtaj.     See  Want. 

Needful,  f^ji  Idzim,  ^'OsJLt  muktadl.  See 

Necessary.  {man.  See  Necessarily. 
Needfully,  UjS  laziman,  \^\y^\  iltna- 
Needily,  ^L:.>-\  ^J^  hihol  ihtiydj, 

Neediness,  ^^Sm»/9  mtuhinat.    See  Need. 

Needle,  «.  iji\  ihrat  (pL^jl  ubar).  A 
packing  needle,  ^lLmu^  muiaUaL  A 
needle-maker  or  seller,  vjy^^  tiort.  A 
needle-case,  ijj\  dbhdrat  (pi.  CL^Ii^bi 
dbldrat). 

Needless,  ^l^:^>-^  \  hUd  thtiyaj,  (^J^ja^ 
ghayr  ldzm,^*ar»A^j^  ghayr  muktadl. 
See  Unnecessary.  [necessarily. 

Needlessly,  /*jjJ  h  hUd  haum.   See  TJn- 

Needle8sness,Li:;i)ll  i%jLe  ^adamaliktidd. 

Needs,  l«)i IdzifMm^  m^  1  Idjarm^  See 

Necessarily. — ^It    needs  must   (it  is 
necessary  or  proper),   i«.^\jH  ^^ 
2a»itn  a/  104/1^. 
Needy,  ^^l^^*^  mMA^/.     See  Indigent, 

Necessitous,  Poor.  He  ordered  the  Weseer  to 
giye  to  the  poor,  the  needy,  the  widows,  and 
others,  a  hundred  thousand  pieoes  of  gold  as  a 


thaak-effering  to  God  (whosenaiiekeaked" 
and  as  alms  on  his  part,  ^Jjijy'/i 

Neferious.    See  Wicked,  Betestatk 

Negation,^  naAf,  ^  nafi^Jij^o^ 

See  Denial. 
Negative,  adj.  Lj\j  nSjiyai,^^.' 
L!L  idlibtU.     The  negative  imp 
tive;   aUo  the  negative  attnte^ 
logic,  ^  ndkl,  ^  nafi.   A  s? 

tive,  ^  nafi,j\ij\  inkdr,  it» 
tive  particle,  ^Ju  •— ?/^  Aar/iar- 

Negatived,^^^  munkar,jjf^  ^'' 
(^j^^  muharram. 

Negatively,  j\ij\  Jij  hikol  iniar,i^: 
^\j  hi  wapiin  ndft. 

Neglect,  V.  jAJb\  dhmd.    See  F«?l 

Neglect,  negligence,  ^Uii  ^Aii/Kif,  ^* 
ihmdh  JiUj  ^^/tt/.  See  Cin# 
ness,  Forgetf ulness ;  Contempt,  s- 

Neglected,  ,^^***i^  mtfiwo*,  J^^  ^^ 

Neglectful,negligent,*Ji  \tgUfijj^^ 
mutakdsU.  See  Careleas,  Forgetr^** 
To  be  or  become  negligent,  Ji'^  ^ 
fal,  JJ^  takdsal     See  Negl«: 

NegligenUy,  JU^l  Jio  JOa/Ofwl,'^' 
ihmdlan,  ^ilie.  ghajlatm.  See  Sc5^ 
fully. 

Negotiate,  v.^ J  Aii Jar ;  (as  a  meitli:^ 

Treat,  Traffic— To  negotiate  a  3*^ 

negotiate  a  treaty  of  peace,  ^  -^ 

j.aibJ  amdh,  iJUJUy^V  ^; 
mutdlahai*  l****" 

Negotiation,  iL»U^  «w^dswi*i>** 


NEB 


(827) 


NEW 


l^egotiator, «.  J^U^  mu^drntl.    See  Me- 
diator, Ambaasador. 
*^egro,  f .  ^«M,>fw  ^a&MAl. 

!^eighboiir,  9.  jKp^  j&r^j^^fe^  mujdufor. 
I^eighbonr,  v.  (be  contigaou8),^^U*y(3t^ar. 

*^eigbbonrB,  j^\;*5r  i^''***     Good  sense 

and  pradence  are  my  diBtiaction,  and  my  habit 
is  to  use  forbearance  towards  my  husband,  con- 
tenting myself  with  what  he  conld  afford ;  and 
the  graces  of  a  good  helpmeet  are  my  nature, 
and  great  is  the  difference  between  me  and  my 

neighbours,  ^.■r..4jMij  (j^^  ^^'♦w'j^ 

reigbbonrbood,  ij^^  majdwaratj  j\^ 

jawdTy  L5>-'y  iwwdAl. 

[eitber,  )j  t^o^.  Neitber  one  nor  tbe 
otber,  r^ll  ^^  Jk^-I^H  Zd  (Uwdhid  wa 
la  dahhar,     Neitber  long  nor  short, 

^^«^)^Jj«WS   Id   tawll  fjoald  kaslr. 

Neitber  more  nor  less,  Jil  "i^J^^  ^  ^ 

aiUar  toaJa  akal.  For  in  the  island  are  found, 
among  yarious  fruits,  what  I  might  have  eaten, 
and  I  might  haye  drunk  of  its  riyers ;  but  in 
thia  place  are  neither  trees,  firuits,  nor  riyers ! 

But  he  pretended  (asserted)  that  his  art  had 
long  been  profitless  from  the  corruption  that 
had  arisen  m  the  country.  I  haye  by  him  a 
child  as  feeble  as  a  lath,  and  neither  of  us  can 
find  enough  sustenance  with  him ;  but  from  the 
hanger  that  we  cuodure  our  tears  cease  not  to 

sphew  (a  brother's  son),  ^11  ^^\  ihn 
aldkh,  [auidh). 

srve,  ».  i^^^^e.  ^ab  (pi.  c^LacI 
srvoas  (strong  in  tbe  nerves),  ^y 
^,^.,„iflj\  kaujil  al  ^a$abi  (baving  weak 
aerres),  Uy-^i  <— fl*w*g  da^i/al  ^mai. 


Neat,  B.  ^^  ^ush. 

Net,  «.  i>iJ^  thabakeh.  A  fisbing  net, 
i^^  thahakeh.  A  banter's  net,  tLa^ 
tnasldh   (pL  ^t^^  nuudh),    irJu«a/t 

moiyadat  (pi.  JjIio^  moidtfid),     Tbe 

netting  of  a  ship,  l^jA^\  ^j»Jj  kafat 

al  markab.  So  he  went  again  to  the  riyer  and 
cast  his  net,  and,  haying  waited  till  it  sank, 
drew  the  cords,  and  £agged  it  back,  and 
there  came  up  in  it  a  chest,  locked  and  heayy, 

Nettle,  V.  (irritate),  \^^^h\  aghdah. 

Never,  f  JjI  ahadan,  U\  (Ulan.    Never 

hereafter,  \ JlcUj  ^11  ^  I JjI  ahadan 
mm  alan  wagd^dan.    Never  ending, 

j\)i\  Jj\  abd  al  abdd.    And  if  they 

(Jem.  pi.)  ask  thee  concerning  the  opening  of 
the  door,  answer  them,  I  neyer  openea  it, 

l£lk«  111  ^1:;^  U 


Nevertbeless,  1  JJb  J^  w«  ma^  ib/  Aosd. 
Neuter,  neutral  (indifferent,  of  no  side 

or  party),  ^^J^^j  ^^^^^  i!A  ma^  noa 

Id^alayh. 
Neatrality,  Ji^-f  ^l^^  ^^*nn\\\ 


)\  ^adam  al  ta^assub  ma^  ahad 


al  kkusmln,  Ci^Jr.  H^  kI^h^J  j^l  ^^ 
kawn  ahhad  Id  tna^k  wa  Id  ^layk. 
New,  J^ J^  y<«ft<^,  (hi.^  J^>>  Aoi^,  %JOJ 
5(Kff ^.  See  Eresb,  Bare,  Wonderful. — 
Tbe  new  moon,  Jijb  hdldl.  A  new 
invention  or  publication,  anytbing  new, 
rare,  wonderful,  9  Ju^  ^J^  thaif  mub^ 
da^f  f^\s^  ihddtf  4^?aWmii>^  muita- 
hadas,  ijj\j  nddirat  (pl.j jly  nawddir), 
^Jj  badi^t,  ^JJ  bud^L  See 
Novelty.— Saying  or  doing  anyi>' 


KIO 


(828) 


Nisr 


new,  ci^Jko^  (ahil9.  The  beiagpro- 
duoed  or  related  ae  new,  k^Jn^  to* 

haddui.  To  make  new,  JJc^  jaddad, 
jjtX^-  dL^  <,amalaho  jadld.  Bee  Be- 
new,  Bepair.  [Mm/mfti. 

Newlj,  t  JJuc^  miHJaddadan,  JJ  J^  ^^ 
News,  ^^  ilAo^ar  (pi.  jl^\  akhidr). 
Qood  news,  CjljU*;    SM^drd^,    To 
bring  or  annoance  good  news,  jJjj 
huhihar.  The  messenger  of  good  news, 

yLh^  muboihahir,  A  newspaper,  JIj^ 
jumdh     To  bring  or  relate  news,^^^ 

Next  (adjoining),  Jm^sl^  muttaaU,  (jJL^ 
muldsik.  See  Neighbouring. — (then, 
after  which),  Jju  ^  mtn  ta^i,  Jjo 
Ay^\  ha^d  alyaum^  ^\  ^^  m%nalUln\ 

(immediately  following),  (..^jJ  ^^ 
^OM  ibr!^,  ^^pf  S^y  u;^  tf^  ^^^"^^ 

OSStfJfldll. 

Nib  (beak  of  a  bird),  ^JL^  tninkdr. 

Nioe  (aocorate),  ^^flx^  mos^A^,  See 
Particular,  Exact. — (exquisite,  deli- 
cious), ^/^^  nafli,  ^J^  hadl^.  See 
B^fined,  Delicate.  —  (minute),  (J^*^ 
daklk.     See  Small,  Fine. 

Nioeness,  nicety  (accuracy),  ^  J  dikkat 
See  Exactness.  —  (squeamishness), 
»\^z^\  iitikrdht  \t\  ibd;  (exquisite- 
ness),  \i^  safdf  SjSJo  %ardfat.  See 
Delicacies.  [nafdffis. 

Niceties    (exquisite    dishes),    ^ju^iJu 

Nickname,  <•  j;J  Itbkf  u^  lakdb. 
Niece,  «.  (brother's  daughter),  ^H^  (j:^ 
itit^  aZoiA ;  (sister's  daughter),  u:- 

Niggard,  niggardly,  J-aT  hakhil,  j 
A;Aati««     See  Ayaricious. 


Niggardlinesi^  niggaidiiMs,  ^^^aCliiUd. 

See  Avarice. 
Nigh,  c^^  jbri^.  See  Near.— Todnr 

nigh,  ^-^^  iorri^.     See  Appro«& 

Night,  JJ  M*  iy  *y^  (pL  JV 
laydll).  Night  and  day,  j\f}^  JJ  Ufl 
wa  nahdr.  One  night,  on  a  certib 
night,  ^U!^  ^jM  ha^dlUydh,  TV 

middle  of  the  night,  JJJ^  uJ^  ss^ 

al  layl     See  Midnight.— The  tlmd 

watch  of  the  night,  J^i\  uuJj  hU  4 

2ciyJ.  In  the  night  time,  SJ  fairi* 
They  then  went  fortii  from  him,  and  retsjiei 
to  their  abode,  and  passed  the  next  ik^ 


7I 


y^: 


Nightcap,  i»yJl  i^yj^  tiurhush 
Nightdress,  /^yi\  ^-'V  ^*V^^ 
Nightgown,  /^yi\j\j3  kunhas 
Nightingale,  <•  JJj  btdhtl. 

Nightly  (by  night),^lJ  laykm. 
Nightmare,  ^^^l^  ^5iU. 
Nightshade,  c,.>.\tr.\\i,,  mVr^nahatU^ 

Night-time,  «•  JJJt  ^-^^^  *^<>^  ^  ^^ 
Night-walk,  JiSt  ^^^  imiaAf  «/ 1^ 

Nightward,  JJJl  Joe  ^tiu^  oZ  liy/. 

Night-watch  (or  guard),  <JJJ^  L^>''^ 

Nimble,  JUdl;  fMAfJ^.  See  Swift,  QukL 
Active,  Gleyer,  Expeditious. 

Nimbleness,  ZJ\Jy  riik&kai.  See  Qoiek' 
ness.  Activity,  Speed. 

Nimbly,  ^j^  aari^ttn.  Quicklj.  S«r 
Actively,  Speedily,  Swiftly. 

Nine,  wmJ  tini^  ^UlmJ  tat^aL 

Ninefold,  cJImI  ^UimJ  ioM^ai  md^df. 
Nineteen,  yM*£  dj^  Uu^  ^hmr. 
Nineteenth,  JL^  «^U\  ^tari^ 


NOB 


(829) 


VOM 


N^inetieth,  (jiyuuJ  ti$a^^i^ 

N^inety,  ^*>*J  to^fii. 

^inth,  ^Jj  tdii^,  iiu»\j  UUi^, 

N'innyi  «.  nixmy-hammer,  ^J^  /im^» 

J^  haMml  (in  Beixnt).     See  FooL 
N^ipple,  «.  jJ)  ^uJl»-  At/jna^  irf  61s.    See 

Breast,  Teat,  Dag. 
N'it,  nits,  9.  ^Lm«  «{5d».  [natrHLn, 

N^itre,  O^Ut  ^^  ffif7A  at  bdrud,  ^^JbJ 
N'itrouB,  (J^Joj  natfUnl, 
^o,  )  /d,  U  md,  \jj\  abadan.    See  Kay, 
Not,  None,  Never. 

Mobility,  cJ^   sharaf.     See  Dignity, 

Orandevr.— Now  it  was  the  custom  of  the 
King,  every  year,  to  collect  the  nobility  of  his 

kingdom,  and  to  play  with  the  ball,^j 
j^.43C  ^U  Ji  ^^  ^\  LKI4II  ijU 

^^oble,  t-flj^  «^«rf/(pl.  cJj^l  ashraf). 
See  Great,  Grand,  Magnificent,  lUus- 
trioos,  Exalted,  Pree,  Liberal,  Gener- 
ous.— Noble  on  both  sides  (by  father 
and  mother),  ^^^1  aJj^  karim  aHa- 

rafln,  A  noble  disposition,  u-i£  r^  -^y* 
trntAdj  tharlf.  Of  a  noble  disposition, 
^^j^\  <^^  «A<irf/*a/  mts^y.  To  be 
or  become  noble,  ^>mJoJ^  j\^  sdr  sharlf. 
To  make  noble,  f*^r^  ^^Il^x  ^amalaho 
sharif.  See  Ennoble.  A  noble  honse 
(or  constellation),  uJ^  -.y  ^j^ «Aa- 

ro/l     Of  a  noble  house  or  race,  ^^ 

obleman,  «.  noble,  Jumi  %ayy%d,  s^^j^ 

9har%f. — A  noble  lady,  ^^ ^  khatikn^ 

StXj;**  $aydat.  And  he  looked  towards 
a  ^rand  chamber,  in  which  he  beheld  noble- 
men and  great  lords ;  and  in  it  were  all  kinds 
of  flowers  and  sweet  scents,  and  yarieties  of 
dried  and  fresh  fruits,  tocher  with  abundance 
of  vavious  kinds  of  exouisite  riands,  and  bever- 
BgeM  prepared  from  tne  fruit  of  the  choicest 


'Uj  ^'yS'j  Ji^»  ^y'  ^}  (^y^\ 

Cxfi^  J'j^  U^^J^  CT*  ^J?/^ 

Nobler,  uJ^l  oihraf,  j^^\  airam,  J«aj| 
a/(20Z,  Jiet  a^sam.     See  Noble. 

Nobleness.     See  Nobility,  Worth,  Ex- 

cellenoe. 
Nobles,   \sjJi»  ihurafd,  uJ|/»1  ashrdf, 

iJjjJI^L^I  a^dn  addawlai.     See 

Chiefs. 
Nobly,    uJjJL  JG   bikd  sharaf.      See 

Ghreatly,  Grandly,  Illnstrionsly,  Splen- 
didly, Excellently. 
Nobody,  J^^\ji^  wald  wdhid.     There  is 

nobody  at  home,  jl  jJIj  tX>>t  ^^  md 

ft  ahhad  hilddr. 
Nootomal,  ,JJ  layll.  [tthdrat 

Nod,  s.  (with  the  head),  \aj\  imd,  ij\JL\ 

Nod,  V.  (make  a  sign  with  the  head), 
ijLSit  Ji4kf  ^0ma^  uhdrat. 

Noise  (sound),  ci^^  mw^;  (clamour), 
^UJi  thamdtah,  ^^^  walwaleh.  The 
noise  of  a  drum,  or  of  horses'  heels 
oyer  stones,  ij  Jj  J  dahddbah.  The  noise 
of  thunder,  the  machineiy  of  a  mill, 
etc.,  Jsj  T^^df  ^^M^^  ja^  ja^h. 
Noise  of  falling  water,  ^uk^i^  Unianah. 

Noisome,  ^js^:^  muntin.  See  Fetid.— 
(mischievous),  JuMA^mtt/»tii,yia^miMfe>» 
See  Noxious,  Hurtful. — (disgusting), 
xJcjm^  muBtdkrak. 

Noisomeness,  ^L^ui  ^b^j  rdyhat  kahlhaU 

Nominal,  ^^j^  Mml ;  (not  real),  ^<*0/ 
faradi,  vJW^  khaydh,  ^A^j  wad^i. 

NominaUy.  ^U^  W««. 

Nominate,,.^ 


KOE 


(830) 


war 


Nominatioii,  A* Ami  ioim^foi. 

Nonage  (minority),  i  ^\  ^^  aJlc  ^aiam 

Mfi»  cX  bulu^hfjioi  hur* 

Nonconfonnity,  ^ftjlyJt  i^J^fi  ^aiam  al 
muwd/akaL 

'None,  J^M  la  ahhady  ^t  Id  thy.    See 

Nobody,  Nothing.— Now  while  be  wai  sitting 
in  his  chamber,  one  of  hii  slaTes  came  in  to 
him  and  told  him  that  there  was  at  the  door  a 
sUto  girl  with  a  broker;  none  more  beautifiil 

than  she  had  been  seen,  ^^l>-yb  Uji^ 

Non-entity,  non-existence,  J^^^l  aJlt 

^adam  al  umjud.    See  Inexistence. 
Nonpareil,  «.  j^  JdU   m&laho  noslr, 

^  (jlj  i  la  idnl  laho,        [mukawamat, 

Non-renstanoe,  Z^^\aj%\\  aJ^  ^adam  al 

Nonsense,  cL^  ^hoi,  ^^^:Jt^  ^U  ma- 

laho  macna\  To  speak  nonsense,  JlC 
,^ui^  L  taJcaUam  hila  ma^\ 

Nonsensical,  JJ^Ij  hatily  t^^^^^^Jc^  j^ 
ghayr  munOtih.     See  Futile,  Trifling. 

Noon,  noon-day,  noon -tide,  j\fi\  cjL^ 
tuuf  annahdr.  Noon-day,  noon-tide 
(meridional),  ^Jj^  tuhri. 

Nor,  l^  icakt.    Neither  this  nor  that, 

c)\Si^  \jJb'ila  haza  wala%ak.  Neither 
long  nor  short, ^^^m^  )^  l^^"^  ^  tawll 

iro/S  kaalr.  See  Neither. — And  she  said,  Bj 
means  of  my  enchantment  be  thou  converted 
half  into  stone  and  half  into  the  substance 
of  man !  Whereupon  I  became,  as  thou 
seest,  unable  to  moTe,  neither  dead  nor  aliye  1 

*j^  CjJuoJ  t^jSl^  ^js^\  *  LsJLS^ 


\i\ 


North  wind,  JU/Jl  a^amJ  tuuiim  aahthf' 


mSh  The  north  quarter,  JUil 
The  north  pole,  ^Ull^  l^^  i*' 
hdb  aththmdU, 
North,  narthem,  ,  JU^  dUad^   Tl)e 

northern  regions,    JUyuJI  Sh  Ud 

oihMmaL      The    northern    natke. 

JU£J\  jL  i^\^  Uwdyf  mi  t^ 

thimaL 

Nose,  fc^l  anf.  Having  a  long  tr  te 

nose,  f^'i\j^  hatUr  alanf,  Tbecs^ 

of  the  nose,  LUr^  mvJ^t    To  spesk 

or  make  a  noise  through  the  ik«, 

ffS^^^  hhamkham.  [moMBe- 

Nostril,  «.  jl«^  mtmit^r  (pi  j>^^ 

Not,  )  ^,  U  ma,  J0X,  ghayr 9  yj»l  lifi» 

It  is  not,  iju^  lays,  S  ia,  U  iw.  ^ 

is  not  bad,  (j^b^  la  has.    Not  at  al 

*ii  lala.  Not  known,  j^^jt^j^fkf 

ma^lum.  Not  existing,  Jy^yj^ 
ghayr  mawjud.     I  do  not  care,  ^  ^ 

^b  md  co^'  &d/i.  He  whose  kiB^i^ 

is  that  of  moderation  has  nothing  to  feii,  s:. 
has  no  need  of  champions  or  attoiduts.  ^^ 
how  dost  thou  hope  for  perpetuity  in  t  d»^' 
ing  which  does  not  lastP  Diart  thoe  <^' 
hear  of  a  shadow  that  remained  unia^- 

Notable,  jy^^  nuuhhUr.     See  Pajso^ 

Memorable,  Eemarkable. 
Notarial  (done  by  a  notary),  Vj^ 

Notary,  ».   ^^  l-^1^  itd/ii  liia^r^ 

The  attestation  of  a  notary,  Jjp^  i»» 

Notation,  ^3^  rakam,  ij\J^\  uharaL  Srf 

Signification. 
Note,  <ulc  caldmat,  Jij  raJbrn,  ^^ 
uhdrat,  f^j  rasm.    See  Mark,  Tote 
— (attention,  heed),  if    »rfi>  W^ 


KOV 


(831) 


NOXI 


iia^t^  muldha%aL  See  Notice,  Ob- 
servation.— (reputation),  ls.^^^  At, 
j\fJL\  ishtihdr,  ij^  thuhrat;  (a  short 
letter),  i^JJ  iaskarat;  (a  bill  or  ac- 
knowledgment of   a  debt),   ^^.Nm^" 

tanuMuk  (pi.  iZ^Mji^j  tamassukdf),  A 
note  in  music,  A\Lt  makdm,  ^^^  lahn. 

Musical  notes,  d^UlL*  makdmdtfj\^d\ 
adwdr.  A  marginal  note,  ^U^l»-  hd^ 
thiyah.  See  Marginal,  Annotation, 
Commentary. — Men  of  note,  ^1^1  akd^ 
hir,  U^  ahurafcl,  uJ]^1  MhrOf.  See 
Nobles, 
fote,  V.  (observe),  ia,^)  Idhat. 

See  Celebrated,  Eminent,  Illustrious. 
— (marked),  Jji^  mu^attam. 
othing,  _^  i  Id  shy. 

otiee  (observation), yia3  natar,  ^da^Lt 
muldhatat.  See  Eemark. — (intelli- 
gence),^^ khahoTf  /•ifif  i^ldm,  j\MJii\ 
ish^r.  See  Information. —Worthy 
of  notice,  ^h^l^H  i.^^o»-tj  fi^d;V&  a/ 
muldhazat.  To  notify  or  give  notice, 
Z^  hhdbhar. 

otion,  JIa£>*  khaydlf  ^  %ann,JJjikr» 
See  Imagination,  Opinion,  Thought. 
otional,  ^^^^  wahmi,  ij^^a^  khiydU. 
See  Imaginary,  Ideal, 
^tionally,  ^<a>^  ^P^^  l\naw^nu>ahml, 
:>toriety,  notorioasness,  S^fl  ikuhrat, 
;V^\  ttAar.  [rfi/. 

Dtorions,  jfjfuu^  mashhur,  uJ«|yb«  itmi^- 

>toriou6ly,    ^Ic  ^aldniyatan,  ^9yi 

^twithstanding,  vl^J  (J^^^  m^^  ^^^ 
irel,  SiSp^jadldn  See  New. — A  novel, 
mMaL    See  Tale,  Story,  Fable. 


NoYclty,  Ll^tXjgVttfc^  ^^  «Ay  miM^Ai^. 

November,  jUl  ^jij^  tashrin  tUtdnl. 

Novice,  8.  JuJj  talmld. 

Noun,  «.  amaI  Mm  (pi.  Uudl  Mmd).  A 
noun  of  substance,  tX^\p^  Jt^\  um  jd- 
mid.  A  noun  substantive,  CjI  jJl  ^^ 
%9m  audi.  An  adjective  or  attributive 
noon,  ijuAS  M0^  um  asaifat.  A  generic 

noun,  (^AMwsrf  j^\  ism  aljins.  A  re- 
cipient noun,  or  noun  of  time  and 
place,  uJ^f  A»a\  ism  auarf.  A  noun 
of  place,  ^ILJI  ^\  ism  al  makdn. 
A  noun  of  time,  (^^Up^  f^^  ism  aua- 
mdn.  Il  noun  of  instrument,  ili\  ^ 
ism  al  am.  A  noun  denoting  the  agent 
and  active  participle,  J^lill  mJ\  iam 
alfd^H.  A  noun  denoting  the  patient 
and  passive  participle,  JyiA^I  ^1  ism 
al  maf^L  A  noun  of  number,  ^1 
i)  Jmil  ism  al  ^adad.  A  diminutive  nonn, 
Jloa^]  JtJi\  al  ism  al  musaghghar.  A 
noun  of  excess  (comparative  or  super- 
lative degree),  ^L^l  ^\  ism  al  mu- 
Idlaghat.  A  radical  noun,  jJu^t  ^1 
ism  al  masdar.  A  derivative  noun, 
^JiA^l  wHt  al  ism  al  mushtah,  A 
noun  of  unity,  fjAiS  ^^Mit  ism  al  marra. 
Nourish,  r.  ^j  rahla\  mm^s  ta^m,  d^U 

kdt    See  Maintain,  Support,  Encou- 
rage; Foment;  Educate. 

Nourishable,  (Jli^liiAj  ^t  <t:il»j  yamkinaho 
an  yaJUdt 

Nourisher,  «.  LSi.^gAt  muitit.  The  nou« 
risher  (God),  kjl.uS^\  ^\  02bA  al 
muklt.  [Wholesome^ 

Nourishing,  adj\   ls.-*^   muitt     See 


ITDM 


(833) 


HUT 


NoUfiahmenti   CJy  hat,  j^U?  ta^m. 

See  Foody  Sastenance. 
Now,  ^\  alldn,  u:^jl\  \^  htadalwakt. 

Now  and  then,  UL>-\  ahjfdnan. 

Nowhere,  J-sr^  ^  J^  wfl&l  /I  mahdU. 

Nowise,  ILtff  M^.   See  By  no  means. 

Noxious,  yid^  mmiirr^J^  ddrr. 

Noxiously,  j,a^ ^?y^  hinaw^tn  tmndirr. 

Noxiousness,  jj^  darar. 

Nubile,  ^\)  l&Ughah.  See  Marriage- 
able.— A  nubile  girl,  hiXi  l::^  hint 
halighat.  [Kernel. 

Nucleus,  9.  ^^^U  hMy  lU  lubl.    See 

Nudity,  ijyt  ^atorat*     See  Nakedness. 

Nugatory,  ^J'J^  ^\^  mdlaho  fna^na\ 
See  Frivolous,  Trifling. 

Null,  Jl^b  hdtil,  ^  lI^  1  ^  yu^mal 
hihi.     See  Toid,  Ineffectual. 

Null,  nullify,  v,  J^\  o^M.  See  Annul, 
Cancel. 

Nullity,  ^^SLj  6tt^te». 

Numb  (cold),  Jj\j  hdrtd;  (motionless), 
d^ja^\  WiXc    ^dtm  al  harakat.      To 

numb,  iA^\  J^  harrad  al  himmat. 
Number,  JJ^c  ctu^.  A  great  and  un- 
certain  number,  j^  J«xc  ^adad  hatlr. 
See  Multitude. — A  small  number,  JiXc 
JJi  ^(»fa(^  ila^f^.  An  even  number 
(a  pair),  '^^J  9auj.     An  odd  number, 

J^  /ar(^.  Without  number,  JiXe  idU 
mdlaho  ^adad.  See  Innumerable. — 
The  singular  number,  J^  mufrad. 
The  plural  number,  i^^i^-yam^.  A 
noun  of  the  dual  number,  i<>^^  f^^^ 
alum  al mtwanna'.-— (in poetry),  ^J\j 
idjiyah,  [See  Beckon. 

Number,   v,   J^  ^dd,    l^^^mj^.  hasah 
Numbered,    J^Jut^    ma^itd,    u^ytjs:^ 


mahsuh.—O  thou  ▼hose  fanwre  to  w  te* 
been  many,  and  whose  gilla  \m  bw  w 
ihaxi  can  be  numbered!  No  misf<Htobf 
ever  yet  befallen  me  but  I  haTe  foai  is 

ready  to  aid  me  in  it,  ^^Laj^  j^^-; 

Numberer, «.  i...-^lff^  «NfAd«i}. 
Numberless,  JJoi  JU  MdU#  ^ai*^.  » 

Innumerable. 
Numbers,  &>^Afi\  «^<^. 
Numeral,  numerical,  ^^Jde  ^«W.  i 

numeral  character,  j^j  ralam. 

Numerally,  J  JjiS\  i----»aC  ***«^  *•? 

alhisdh.  "       [^t^ 

Numeration,  j\jjo  ia^d,  U»-^  »* 
Numerous, yl^  wa/8r,  JJAfi  j«^A/ 

Numerousness,  i^  koitiU.    See  Ib^ 

Nummary,  ^^jSj  nakdL 

Nun,  «.  ^l^rdM'id^. 

Nuptial,  ^jc  ^«r»f.  The  nuptial  t* 

(jmoiII  «.^iJi»  «A/im^  a/^«r«- 
Nuptials,  ,j«j;£  ^wrt.     See  Mmup- 
Nurse,  *.  (to  a  child),  ^b  rf^y*  i^/ 

murdi^h,  ^  ^  jwtfrflJWjr^-  ^^* 

for  a  sick  person,  ^1j^  hktddim- 
Nurse,  r.  (achHd),  u:-^  rwfc^  ^ 

Suckle. 
Nurture  (food),  (•UW  itf^os*.   See>'" 

rishment. — (education),  i*ij  *^^ 
Nut,  4.  jf^  jawt.    A  iBiije  «p««  - 
Indian  nut,  t^ JcJbJ^ /««  ****•  ^ 
Albert  nut,  J[Jk:j  hunduL 
Nutmeg,  s.  i^^^\j^  j(un  0tA 
Nut-shell,  J^  ijJ^  Uihr^j^ 
Nut-tree,  9'jyr  hf^  9hajirtij»^ 


OAT 


(883) 


OBJ 


ES'atrimenty  natritare,  1jl£  gluadf  fJL^j^ 

IsHt.    See  Food. 
!9'utrimental,  nntritioas,  nutritive,  4^^a^ 

tnukatffwi.  c:.--mL«  tnukit   See  Whole- 


some. 


^ymph,  8,  ^^  hUriyaU 


0. 


>  has,  in  English,  a  long  sound,  as  in 

stone ' ;  and  short,  as  in  got,'  shot,' 
neither  of  which  is  common  to  the 
Arabic. 

>  (sign  of  the  vocative  case),  U  yd.     0 

my  beloved,  and  the  object  of  the  tender  feel- 
ing of  my  heart,  if  thon  be  angry  against  me, 
who  would  keep  me  P  and  if  thon  cast  me  off, 
(alas  for  me !)  who  would  shelter  me  P  0  my 
beloTed,  and  the  light  of  my  eyes,  comfort  me ! 


»ak,  «.  1?^  hallilLt^  (jk*^^^*^  sindiydn. 
The  royal  oak  (^aUo  a  chestnut  tree), 
l^jb  jfLm»  «^A  haUnL  The  ground  oak 
(the  herb  germander),  {jOji\  ^L  ia/- 
Jnt  (Hard, 

akeoj  lJ^^  laUuti. 

a.ih,  <•  iM«*i  iiw<»n  (pi.  i^luuil  aksdm), 

^^jf^  yamin.  He  therefore  summoned 

liis  son,  and  charged  him  to  take  care  of  his 
subjects  and  his  mother,  and  the  lords  of  his 
empire  and  all  the  dependents.  He  also  made 
^em  swear  a  seoona  time,  and  coTenanted 
-vrith  tiiem,  that  they  would  obey  his  son; 

and  he  confided  in  their  oaths,  yi^^li 
^^jr^^  ij^  ii^  '«3Jj  (U^le.  |iJb  jJbU^ 


Oats,  (..file  ^daf. 

Obduracy,  obdurateness,  ^yJ^  aAc  ^o- 

i^m  attawhat,  J^-aJ  tamarrad,  j\.i^ 

^tndd,  jLJ  /Mfii.    See  Wickedness, 

Stubbornness,  Inhumanity. 
Obdurate,  obdured,  if^h  hild  tawbai, 

Jjas^    mutamarrid.      See    Wicked, 

Stubborn,  Inhuman. 
Obdurately,  i*>-y  L  hUd  rahmat,  hy  lb 

hUd  tawhat,  jUfi  J^  hikol  ^ndd,  Jij 

jLJ  hilcolfatdd. 
Obedience,   ^IW   ^^0^,   ^U?!    tYd^a/, 

JllL^l   m^MdJ,   ^UjI  ts^dii.     See 

Submission.  [Tractable. 

Obedient,  ^jVi^  m«^i^.  See  Obsequious, 
Obediently,  L^lt  J^  bikol  td^at,  ^U^ 

Obeisance,  i*lLi  saldm,  aJ^  (asllm. 
Obelisk,  t.  J^  titi^  (pL  J^\  amyul), 

^JLm^  muioUat, 
Obey,  9.  elL  ^d^.    Necessary  or  proper 

to  be  obeyed,  Jb;::^llt  /^Ji  Idtim  al 
inUtBdlf  cIjUI  C;-^)^  t<^d;V3  0/  i^d^. 
Command  necessary  to  be  obeyed, 
J  lii^^ll  (^^^1 1^1  amr  u^q;V&  al  imtisdl. 

Object,  t.  (anything  seen  or  presented  to 
the  senses),  ^^lo/t  mashar  (pi.  ^Uo^ 
m(udhir),Jai>^  tnantar  (pi.  ^l^U^  ma- 

fUlMr),  9y^y  mawdu^.  Any  object 
which  the  mind  has  in  view,  Juoi 
koid,  JyoLt  rnaksnd,  ^jL  gharad. 
The  enjoyment  of  any  beloved  object, 

iStc\y  ffuuodsalaL    And  when  they 

take  off  their  dresses,  cast  thine  eye  upon  the 
dress  of  feathers  belonging  to  the  chief  damsel, 
who  is  the  object  of  thy  desire,  and  take  it, 
for  it  is  the  thmg  that  couTcyeth  her  to  her 
country ;    but   take   not   aught    beside   it, 

63 


OBL 


(884) 


0B8 


Objeoty  V.  {jojx^\  i^tarad,  ^|^1  ^^^^^ 

^amal  i^irdd.    See  Oppose. 
Objected,  ^jo>\j:^\  ^  ^'At  i^irdd. 
Objection,  9,  ^J^jusS  i^irdd. 
Objector,  «.  'ij^/i*^  mu^tarid. 
OblatioD,  ^V^  hirhdnf  ^Us^  d^Afya^, 

^bcu  J  wablhaU  See  Offsring,  Sacrifice. 
Obligation  (anything  by  which  a  man  is 

bound  to  some  perfonnanoe),   ij^j^ 

fard^  (pL  ^\^farayiS).    See  Debt; 

aUo  Obligatory  writing.— -(a  fovour), 

hoianat. 

Obligatory,  ij^j^jJ  IwUmi,  ^jk  faril. 

An  obligatory  writing,  CXm«4j  tomM- 
«aA  (pi.  (JD\LmA3  tamannkdt),  isuj^ 
fcoilkat.    See  Bond. 
Oblige,  V.  (bind),  ajS\  aham;  (to  confer 

favours),  ^lLa  ^  numn  ^ahyht,  m\ 

_)l£  an^am  ^ala\  See  Ghratify,  Please. 

I  am  abashed  (ashamed)  at  thy  brother,  for  he 
has  shown  favour  unto  me,  and  presented  me 
with  this  magnificent  present,  which  the  people 
of  the  earth  would  fan  to  procure ;  and  yenly 

I  am  much  obliged  to  him,  lj\  JU^ 

Obliged  (bound),  (^y^  muUmm  \  (com- 
pelled), jy;JBr*  majhnr ;  (favoured), 
fjt^'^A^  fnamnnn.  To  be  obliged  (to  be 
boand),  AJji\  %lta%cm\  (tobecompelled), 
jfsf\  injabar. 

Obliging,  adf.  (civil),  v-JJal  Jatif,  ai,J^ 
mukrtm.   See  Courteous,  Polite,  Kind. 

Obligingly,  ^Jj  i^J^  hOuifin  wa  karam. 

Obligingness,  i^JLJ   hi/,  aj\U  latafiU. 


See  OiviKtyi  Courtesy,  CompliisBoe, 

Politeness. 
Oblique,  Mj^  WHrih. 
Obliqueness,  obliquity,  u^j^y  teril 

See  Crookedness,  Indirectness. 
ObHterate,  v.  ^^  makt^,  u/>  U 

^  tkuakh,  Jia}\  dbtal. 
Obliterated,  {^jS:^  mundmis,  ^y^ 


mamnkh,  aSsC^  mvn^ad^.     And  be 

lired  with  his  two  wives  in  enjome^n^ 
happiness,  and  prosperity  and  dieerfiuHi. 
thus  he  remained  for  a  long  period  of  ts' 
his  anxieties  and  sorrows  were  oUitasac 


^  irx.  tiXJ  J  ^^  J^  ^if^. 


Obliteration,  ^  moAa,  ^  jmkIL 
Oblivion,  ^^^Uw  nutydn,    ConsigDed  & 

oblivion,  ,««m:^  tmmu^. 
Oblivious,  ^\j  ndHf  ^LmJ  nujfiM, 
Oblong,  JjUsv*  mii^iMi^  JjVr  m^^ 

Obloquy,  ajI  lawm.     See  Censure,  l^ 

proach.  Disgrace. 
Obnoxious,  fj^^j^^  ma^rnd,  \J^J^  •* 

rod.     See  Liable,  Subject 
Obscene,   ^^/ml^^U  fdkUh.    An  obscs 

woman,  dLyL>.l3 /oAmAoA,  [^ 

Obscenely,  tA>-^^fy^  ^  naw'^f'- 
Obscenity,    obsceneness,   j^^-a^  f^ 

m 

L2j\Jij^/ahshii/dL  SeeLascivioosDcft 
Obscuration,  ^Um^  koid/at,  u.ft.j  >*>■ 

ObscurBi  Jia^  mwdim.  See  ]>vi 
Cloudy. — (abstruse,  difficult  to  v^ 
stand),  J^M  tnughlak,  JC2U  MtoUfc 
(mean,  low),^^;«A»-  AoHr. 

Obscure,  «.  (darken),  Ubf 
ac^Mri;  (to  render  abstruse),  ii2£^' 


.J 


DBS 


(835) 


OBT 


Ol)6cur6neB8,  obeourityyZ^ii^siJmaf.  See 
Barkseea.  —  (darknefls  of  meaning), 
sLiJL\  dhtibah,  C^  9hak.  See  Doubt, 
Puzzle.  [Funeral. 

Ohseqaiea,J*i^iqfni%fj\:^jund%.   See 

Obsequious,  ^Jx«  mfiA^.  See  Obedient, 

Compliant.  [Obediently. 

Obsequiously,  £elL1Ji^5«ib/«^^a^.  See 

Obsequiousness,  ZslLl  ita^at,  fj\ts>^\ 
imtisdlf  jLa)\  inikiy&d.  See  Obedience, 
Compliance. 

Obeenrable,  jjfM^  moihhiQryJb^  waMr^ 

JL^^'lUSl  \,^^.^\^  iff&jih  al  middAasat, 
See  Bemarkable. 
Db8ervably,jf^fa^  ^^^,  hinaw^nmask' 

har,  \jJb^  w&hirim, 

Dbeervance  (respect),  c-^j\  adab^  ijXsj 
ri^yat^  jV^^  f^^ti^dr,  i^^  hurmat. 
See  Veneration,  Eeverenoe,  Observa- 
tion, Obedience,  Attention. 

>b8erTant  (respectftil),  Cl^lisll  s^^^^dX^ 
sdhih  iUifat,  jpju*  mu^tabir;  (atten- 
tive), L=.»-»irA^  multaJU,iJs>:>^  muntahih. 
See  Submissive. 

>l>8ervation,  liA>X^  mtddhafuU,  L\cj 
ri^yiU^  ij\^  taydfMt,  ifjJ^lu*^  tnu- 
shdhadat.  Any  place  from  wbich  ob- 
servation is  made,  Juy«  monad, 

observatory,  ».  /♦^^cLU  Ju^  marsadan* 
m^'Hrn.  [la>-X  ldha%. 

»l>8erve,  v.  (look  attentively),^  fuaar, 

»l>eerved,  jijlai^  tnaMUr,  ]aysr^  malhui, 

^Jls^  mah/Hz, 
l>8erver,  ».Je\j  nd%ir,  la^  1*  muldhizy 

^_^y  mura^f,  \j^}*^  h&riif  c^^g^; 

r^aklh,  i^\j^  murdhih.  SeeBebolder. 

^An  observes  of  the  stars,  j^^ficUl^U 


ndnir  afmuj^m,  Ctufj  rassdd.    See  As- 
tronomer. 
Obsolete,  CS^ji^  nuftmJty  ^y*»^  «Mif>- 

JUclm)!  L  hUd  iati^mdlf  J^^^  mtiA- 
mo/,   Ji^b   to<ft7,    JILj   M^.     To 
render  obsolete,  Jlajl  aft^. 
Obstacle,  «.  i^t«  mdm^  (pi.  ^\^  ^^ 

wdni^j  ijoyu  ia^arrud,  ^\/^\  tt^*- 
rdd.  [Stubbornness. 

Obstinacy,  obstinateness,jl:x^fndi.   See 
Obstinate,  Jj-a^j^^  mutamarrid,  JuU^ 
mu^dnid.     See  Stubborn. — An  obsti- 
nate man,  jU^  v_  -^-r  MdJub  ^ndd. 

To  be  obstinate,  JjU  ^nad.  Be  ready 

to  return  to  friendship,  and  be  not  so  obstinate 
in  being  so  ranoorons.  Slnow  that  he  who  de- 
lirereth  a  soul  from  destruction  has  saved  it 
aliTB,  and  he  who  saveth  a  soul  alive  is  as  if 
he  had   saved   the   lives   of  aU   mankind. 

Obstinately,  jl:^  J^  hTtol  ^indd,  bl:x 

e^tnddan. 
Obstruct,  r.  ^j-s/w  ta^arrtidt  Ju^  «0^, 

«^  ifUMki^.     See  Hinder.  [mJ. 

Obstructed,  Jj  Jum/«  maadud,  JumI^  mtm- 
Obstmction,  ^Um«  mffmdna^a^,  ^^^ 

tatMrrud,  Jl.»  ««<^,  ikJ^  manc..     See 

Impediment,  Obstacle.  [mdnt^. 

Obstructor,  #.  <jo/ci.*  muia^arrid,  ^U 
Obstructive,  obstructing,  ^^^»^>^  miiii^i. 
Obtain,  «.  irj>*A»  ^Ij  ft^/o^A  kasdaho, 

5oA.  JU  lid/.  See  Find,  Get,  Attain, 
Acquire,  Gkun.— To  obtain  what  one 
desiresi  i^\j^  J*ia>*  haital  mardmak 


occ 


(836) 


OOC 


And  when  thou  shalt  hsTe  dragged  her  to  tbee, 
thou  wilt  hare  obtained  her,  and  she  will  be 
in  thy  posaeflrion ;  then  take  care  of  the  drees 
of  feathers ;  for  as  long  as  it  remaineth^  with 
thee  she  is  in  thy  power,  and  in  captivity  to 

thee,  IfXU  JAi  CS^\  If 


\  jjb  J^  laii^li  (JSJj^  ^  CLJjU^ 


mm 

Obtainable,    Jy^si^  J^^^   mumkin  al 

hus&l. 

Obtained,  ^j^^ls^  muhassal. 
Obtain  er,  *.  <J»as^  miihasstl.     An  ob- 

tainer  of  his  wishes,  »j|^  ^b  hdligh 

murddaho, 
Obtnse  (not  acute  nor  pointed),  ^  jL>^ 

mun/arif.      An   obtuse  angle,    Lit^\j 

ip^jAi^  tawiyat  munfar^at. 
Obviate,  v.  (J/^^J  ddrak,  '^U  mdna^. 

See  Prevent,  Meet. 
Obvious  (clear), ^Ik  zdhn',  ^\^  toddih, 

^^j^^  mttbln.     See  Evident. — (oppo- 
site, front  to  front),  Jjli^  mukdbU. 
Obviously,  \jSb^zdhiran,  [s^j^p  tarihan. 
See  Apparently,  Evidently,     [tawdlh. 
Obviousness,  <L>-|^   tardhat,    ^^^ 
Occasion  (convenience),  d^jsfursai.  See 
Leisure,  Time,  Opportunity. — (cause), 
C^b  hd^u,  u^^^f^  sahah,  c^,.^^ 
mnjih;  (need),  .^^-5^'  ihtiydj,  ^jS. 
gharad.  Pressing  occasion,  ^jjJ  Imum, 

LajJI    iJUidd,      Without    occasion, 

^^^^y  )b  hild  mUjib. 
Occasion,  v.  LJ^rb  ^Jax.   ^amai  hd^is, 

t_  —  sabhah.     See  Cause,  Influence. 
Occasional  (casual), .yf^^  ^art<^,_]IUj\ 

atifdku    See  Incidental.— (producing 

by  accident),  \^^*^^  mmahbtb. 
Occasionally,  UUjft  iiti/dkan, 
Occasionery  y^^I^^  mmahbtb. 


Occidental,  Lfil^  pharbt.    SeeWcaten. 

Occult,  ^Juk*  mukhfi^,  ^Jc^  ^«^ 
tafl,  ^yL%  makn^n,  ^^b  ba^  Ss 
Hidden,  Private,  Secret,  rnkaJii 
The  occult  Bciences,^^^^  ^^  ^^ 
OMOfdyir, 

Occultation,  •.  c-i-*:^^  **«/  Thevs 
and  learned  do  not  obtain  honour  bj  slsrc! 
at  home.  Leaye,  therefore,  thy  natire  wer. 
and  go  abroad.  Were  it  not  for  the  oecilfr 
tioDS  of  the  moon,  the  eye  of  the  obss^ 

would  never  watch  her  constantly,J-< 
(^-li  ly.  c^jl  ^^^  ^  J^  *£ 

Occulted,  adj.  «— J^-«bi^  makktuf. 
Occultness,  \sajSJ\  iJMifd,  Li^  iA^s; 

U^;.!  ikkfd.     See  Secretness. 
Occupancy  (taking  or  holding  poas& 

sion),  uJ/<^  tasarruf. 
Occupant,  occupier,  «.  i.J^'itf^  •wter 

rt/,  ^li  kdbid,  cL^lU  mdlik   ^ 

Possessor. 
Occupation  (employment),  |J-*c  j*** 

(trade),  J«-i  *A«|^A/,  ii^  kirftL  » 

Business,  Trade ;  alio  Occupancy. 
Occupy,  V.  (seize,  possess),  4-J^  i*'' 

ra/,  k.^  dabat,  J^\  akkoM. 
Occur,  r.  t^^iV"*^  hadoi^  t^X^  tat 

See  Happen. — (to  occur  to  the  mns- 

alb  J^^^  iWi«^«r  t^  ^<^^^***-  * 

amassed  three  thousand  pieces  of  silver,  ^ 
occurred  to  mv  mind  to  travel  to  the  «5sp 
of  other  people.    I  remembered  the  waa  • 


one  of  the  poetSy  who  said, 


J^ 


'j^ 


Occurrence,  < .  cyj  wukA^  jlw'  *^^ 


ODD 


(837) 


OPF 


^jU  ^drid,  La5  kadd,  JLoj  iaiiytU. 

See  Accidef  t|  Event. 
Occnrrent.    See  Incidental. 
Ocean,  L^se^I  jStT  hahr  id  miAH.    The 

Indian  Ocean,  JCi^l^^  hahr  al  hind, 

j0d>^'i\ja^^  hahr  al  dkhdar* 
Octagon,  B,  (a  building  consiBtiBg  of  eight 

sides  and  angles),  ^^^t^  mmamman, 

Octangolar,  octagonal,  \l^jji\  (j^C^  f»«- 
umtnan  ataawdyd. 

Octave,  «.  ^U  $&mn^  JL^U  fdrntiia^. 

October,  J^l  \:)i,j^  Uihrin  al  awwal. 

Octuple,  uJImI  fJUj  tatndniyat  ad^f. 

Ocular  (belonging  to  the  eye),  ijj^ 
basari.  Ocular  demonstration,  ioJ^l/L* 
mashahadat.  An  ocular  witness,  JJbL2» 
shdhid,  [a/^in. 

Ocularly,  ^j>^^\  <?li^H>»j   himukLluauU 

Oculate  (having  eyes),  ^^  4)  Mo  ^«- 
yiLn^jAi  hd$ir» 

Oculist,  «.  Jl^  kahhal 

Odd  (not  even),  J^  ford,  jU?  ^£; 
(strange,  uncommon),  i^^miv^  iffih 
ijx\3 1)  hOa  id^idai,  5j\ji\  jy  fawk 
al  ^ddat,  j\sjL^j^  ghofr  mu^d, 
9^JoMt^  muBiayhrah,  c^y^  yharihy 
^J\j  nddir,  Jl4jCm»><^^  yhayr  mus- 
ta^mal.  See  Singular,  Extraordinary. 
— (fantastical),  J-^icL*  mutakhayyal. 

3ddly  (not  evenly),  \jji  fardan,  Ult 
tAJtan ;  (strangely),  b^ieu**^  mtit^^ 
rdban,  jJiclS  lb  5«to  kd^tdat. 

^ddness  (uncommonness),  iji  jU  nddirat* 

)ddB  (strife),  J^J^  yi^d/,  icjli^  mn- 
fuLn^t  uJlsfi^.^  ti^Oa/.  See  Con- 
tention, Dispute,  Quarrel.  —  (advan- 
tage, superiority),  Idi  yhalahat,  tjc^\ 
isii^  ;   (difBarenoe),  j\p^\   imiiydM, 


See  Distinction. 
Ode,  «.  ijuMoS  huHdal. 
Odious  (abominable),  ^^  ibrfA,  ^fz^*»^ 

mtutakrah,  i^J^  makruh. 
Odiously  (hatefuUy),  )r^  J^  htkol  karah ; 

(invidiously),  Ju»fw  ^J^  5»ib^  ^a<^. 
Odiousness  (hatef ulneas),  jfIj^o^!  utikrdh, 

iub]^  iardhiyat,  »^  iarah. 
Odium  (invidiousness),  i»ak)  hughdaL 
Odor    (scent,   whether  good   or   bad), 

^bc^j  rdyhat,  jyo^  hakhUr,  l-.^  ^f &. 

See  Smell. — A  good  odor,  LJb  ia^^j 

rayhat  taybat.  See  Perfdme,  OdoriferoosneeB, 
Fragrance. — And  the  owner  of  this  place  u  in 
the  utmoet  afflnence,  delighting  himself  with 
I^eaaant  odors,  delicious  meats,  and  exquisite 

beverages  of  all  descriptions,  ^1^1  \3^ 

MAM  I 

Odoriferous,  odorous,  ^uJ?  ^^j  ^  hho 

rayhai  tayhai,  Jool^  mu^iar.      Sec 

Fragrant,  Perfumed. 
Odoriferousness,  JLJ9  ie^^j  rihat  iayhat. 

See  Eragranoe. 
QBsophagus,  j;L>-  hdh. 
Of,  ^  min, 
0£r,  or  far  off,  Juiu  ha^d.    Not  far  off, 

SMj^  ghayr  ha^d.    To  carry  off  or 

away,  /tli  i^dm,  M;  rafa^. 
Offence, «.  ^«kiaJ  toJbfr,  Iks;,  ifc^o/d,  l^..««c 

^0^3,  LL»  <ala^,  Z])  sofld^,  ^\J  ib- 

^dAo^.  See  Grime. — (an  injury),  ^Loa} 

ntfibdii,  v^iXiJ  ta^addlfjj^  darar.     0 

Gkxl,  I  implore  Thy  forgiTcness  of  all  offences, 
and  turn  to  Thee,  repenting  of  all  faults.  O 
Lord,  there  ii  no  animadyerting  upon  Thee 
with  respect  to  Thy  judgment  and  Thy  power ! 


OFF 


(838) 


OFT 


Offend,  V.  (uynie,  make  angry),  ia\e. 

gh&%y  c/«3^  Uiadda\      Bee  ?roToke. 
Offended,  l^luU  m^hUbt,  ^^J'lx*  nmh 

taaul.  To  be  offended,  i^^p  / M0&. 

See  To  be  angry. 
Offender, «.  ^J^a^  M«iMl,  a^  Miffr«M. 

See  CriminaL  —  (one  vho   injures), 

i^jjc^  mtfta^adH. 
Offensive  (disgusting),  »jj^  makrith. 
Offensively  (injuriously,  mischievously), 
\ya^  mudttnran;  (by  way  of  attack), 

f^yf^'  hi  hujum, 
Offensiveness,  jjJ  tUnrar.     See  Disgust, 

Injury,  Mischief. 
Offer,  V.  (as  a  gift,  etc.)i  a*^  iaddam. 

See  Present — (to  make  a  proposal), 

^jc  ^m^.     To  offer  as  a  sacrifice, 

^  J  tahah.    To  offer  «r  present  itself, 

4IU.  (j<0^^  li^rad  Mhho.     To  offer  or 
aim  at,  Ju^S  hoiod.     To  offer  proof, 

Offer,  «.  (anything  offered),  A^Ji^  M^ 
Urn,  iiJJb  hadiy^i  (pi.  U JJ^  haddfB) ; 
(a  price  bid),  Z^  J^U/hU,  iL«jL«^  mo- 
iHtoamat  See  Price. — (attempt),  J^oj 
kasd,  JyaL9  mahild,  ^jt^sa^,  j\f>>^\ 
ytihady  /XcJb\  iktmdm.  See  Endeavour. 

Offered,  {jojjfi^  tna^rmd,  /^JJb^  mukh 
iaddam.  See  Presented,  Given. — 
Offered  up  (dedicated,  sacrifioed),C;.>^ 
mukarrahj  ^y,^  masAnh. 

Offering,  «.  (offertory),  ^J^  takdimai. 
An  offering  (sacrifice),  ^\iji  kurhdn, 
^3  saih,  *«r^^  takrfb,  L^  dahiyat. 

Office,  B.  (public  charge),  J^ȣ  ^amcdy 
^■■■■-gii^  manBob  (pi.  c^^^i^  l:^  mandM^), 
^U  J^  JlAiM^ma^.  See  Business,  Agency. 
— (a  good  office),  ^lu«>-l  ih^dn^  i^ju 


m^mat,  4^^^^^  haurngt^  ^  ii^c.  See 
Benefit,  Favour,  Sindn^.— Toooofer 
an  office,  x^nuar.^  ^JarS  a^  mad. 
To  remove  from  an  office,  Jje  f^ 

OfficcTi  t.  (one  who  holds  a  puUio  offioe'; 

mamsabddr.  C,^^*^  ^^^ 

Official  (belonging  to  a  pnUie  offiee, 
Officiate,  r.  <tei^^  Jac  ^mnaliMa^ 

fumtfatoh.     See  Execate,  Dischargt 
Officious  (kind),  l^^jK^  i^m^\^  mH 

ma^ftj^  hhayyir. 
Offiipring,  j!Ij\  molad^  ^y  >r^,  J- 
!•«/  (pL  JLJ\  fliMd/),  t^  s«tf 
(pi.  c-^LjI  «iMd5),  ^\  «/(pl.Jr 
w«0»  ^'^  &»tUi^  (pi.  ClJ^i^^i  *»^ 
nyd<).  See  Progeny;  Propagati* 
Production. 
Oft,   oft-times,  often,   oftentimes,  j^ 

often?  ar^A^  ibswi  marroA.  Aso^ 
as,  Xy  J^  fo/  MtfrroAy  Uf«  smAs^ 

Not  often,%  jU  fi4i«raii.  SeeSeldi^ 

How  often  have  I  stood  fighting,  ud  ^* 
often  hare  I  slain!  To  how  manjtbin^^ 
I  been  a  witaess !  How  often  liaT«  I  ^' 
drank,  and  heard  the  aooga  of  siiiffing-b^ 
How  often  have  I  ordered  and  foi)iiddeB  I  H*' 
many  strong  fortresses  and  tofwns  htTc  I  b^ 
besi^ffed  and  oonqoered  (opened),  sad  b« 
which  I  have  taken  the  lovely  femaleB]  ^ 
ments  I  Bat  in  mj  i^oranoe  I  eomaitBC  1 
great  mistake,  obtaining  as  a  seeonST  t^ 
wished  for,  which  proved  at  last  to  be  ^ 


Consider  then  attentively  thv  ease,  u  i>- 
before  thon  drink  the  cop  of  death ;  f^r  !^ ' 
little  while,  and  the  dost  shall  be  pooreii?* 

thee  when  lifeless  thou  ahalt  be!  «^' 


•J? 


OLD 


(839) 


ONS 


m 

Oh !  ar\  ah  !  See  Ah !    Then  he  uttered 

a  loud  crj,  and  said,  Oh  my  regpret !  Oh  my 
disappointment !  He  was  mnch  afflicted,  and 
struck  hand  upon  hand,  and  said,  Oh  my  grief ! 

What  is  this  affiair?  <?,4>bp  ti^y^  ..Lai 


Oil,   c:-^J  My^     Oil  of  myrrh,  iju^ 

nuiy^ah.     Oil  of  roses,  dj^\Ja6.  ^air 

alwa/rd, 
Dil,  17.  i^=^jJl;  ^i3  dahan  hktayU 
Oilman,  «.  <-^^J  %aytfdt,j\^  ^audr. 
3il-8hop,  s,  ^t«M9  ^^oO  iukkdn  sammdn. 
>iiitnienty  J^^  marham,  Uy^jV>  ^3  (pi. 

t^Ltt  o^dd),  ^J  iM}i  (pi.  ^UjI 

adhdn).    See  Vngaent. 

>ld  (aged),^^^b  >»  Jii^  muiakaddim  M 
^umr;  (ancient,  hegon  long  ago),  ^Jj 
kadUm,  Old  men,  fys^  Bh^yukh,  An 
old  man  of  authority,  ;^J^  ihayih.  An 
old  woman,  jysfi  ^ajM.  Of  old, 
L*J«X5  iadtman, 

^Iden  time,  ^^^^^  /»i«^  ifcoAm  ioatamdn. 

There  was,  in  oUlen  time,  and  in  an  ancient 
age  and  period,  in  the  land  of  the  Persians,  a 
£iig  called  Suleyman,  and  he  was  a  victorious 

lion  (a  hero),  ^^j^\  (Hi*XJ  ^  ^\^ 


Oleaginous,  oleose,  ,A[j  sayH. 
Oleaster  (wild  olive),  v^  uJ^J  loy^fifi 

Olfactory  (having  the  sense  of  smelling), 

Jj^\  ^U^  yamkunaho  ashsham. 
Olives,  ijf^j  naytun.     An  olive  tree, 

{i)fi)  ^/P^  M/ara^  saytUn,  ^fiij  My- 

tunatn 
Omeleti  ijeP'  ^jjat.    See  Pancake. 
Omen,  «.  JUyS/.  [Neglect 

Omission,  omittance,  JUjb^  t^md^    See 
Omit,  9.  J^4Jbl  oAmo/.    See  Neglect. 
Omnipotence,  ijSi  hudraty  LL^^j^  ja- 

hraUt,  (Jl:^L%  nuUukUt. 
Omnipotent,  jJJJ    J^  Ji  ^^^  ^ald  kol 

shy  iadir. 
Omniscience,  u,^jwt\  A&  ^m  al  ghayh. 

Omniscient,  omniscious,  l^-^^  Jlc  ^' 
Im  al  yhayh,  *Jla  ^o/fm. 

On,  Jfy  fawkf  ^1&  ^ala\     To  go  on, 

jAS>i^\  Utamar;  (to  make  an  attack), 
f^M^  h(^am.     To  put  on  clothes,  ^jt^ 

UbH.     To  oome  on  (advance),  |*«xaJ 

iakaddam ;   (to  assault),  mS^  hajam. 

Therefore  it  is  natural  that  I  should  weep  and 
moum.  On  hearing  these  words,  I  abstained 
from  rehukine  her,  and  said  to  her,  Do  what 
seems  fit  ana  proper  to  thee,  for  I  will  not 

oppose  thee,  ^\^  ^\  Ji  ^  J^ 

Once,  ij^  marrat,  ij\j  tdratan',  once 
(at  a  former  time),  UjLi  edbikan, 
UtXL«  fMihM(m<M.   See  Formerly. 

One,  Jk>>\«  wdhid  (fern.  S Jl».U  tpdhiiaf). 
One  hy  one,  lj^>^U  tji»^1«  wdhHtom 
ffftfMtoiy  1J;J  1  J^ /ordivii/flftidfi.  One 


OPE 


(840) 


OH 


b^ 


1j  wdhtd 


after  another, 

ha^dwdhid.  One  or  two,  ^^^\^\  Jl>-|^ 

wdhidaw&mayin.  Ereryone,  «X>-|^(J^ 

Jul  wdhid. 
Onion,  t.  J«^  hoidl. 
Only  (single,  one  and  no  more),  Ju^*^ 

woAfi,   JjL^  mufrad.     See  alone. — 

(singly,  simply,  merely),  kis  /ila^, 

iA:>-  khdsaUm.  Know  then  that  the 
son  of  my  tister  is  more  beautifnl  and  more 
loTelT  than  sbc^  and  that  his  father  was  Sjiij; 
of  aU  the  Persians,  and  that  now  he  is  their 
King ;  and  Joharah  is  not  soitable  to  any  but 

him  only,^j;**o-l  j:ji^\  ^1  ^\  ^jAz] 

Onset,  i.  j^^jB^  hujum.     See  Assaolt, 

Attack.  —  To  make  an   onset,    a^ 
hqfitm.    See  Assault. 

Onward,  a«x£7  taiaddum,  j^sSj  takdlm, 
To  proceed  onward,  aJ^  tahtddam. 
See  Advance,  Proceed. 

Onyx,  ».  JM  ^kUs,  ^  j>-  /w^. 

Ooze,  ^^  tin,  (J,>>^  t&oA/.    See  Mnd. 

Opaque  (not  transparent),   cJIjLi^^ 

ghojfr  thaffhf. 
Open,  9.  ope  (unlock,  unclose),   ,^J 

fatah;   (to  disclose,   explain,   show), 
j^l  athar,  t^JJl^  huhaf. 
Open  (notdosed),  ^f^  maftah,uJy'iC^ 
makshnf;    (apparent,   patent),  jJbUo 
saAtr,  ^U»  shdffi^.     An  open  place, 

(for  exercises,  etc.),   ^tju/e   mZc^fi. 

See  Oymnasium. 
Opened,  ^f^  mafiikh. 
Opener,  «.  ^li  fdUh. 
Opening,  «.  ^  /a^A  (pi.  ^yii  >^flA). 
■Rreaoh,  Orifice. — (an  exordium). 


iaddamat,\s^^wkMd.  SeeBcgnoii^ 


Opening  {part.),  ,^?\3jatik 


*\A 


Openly  (publicly),  I^U?  zdA« 
^dnan,  \j^  jaknm,  IJls'  &s2a»- 
yatan/is>Aj>a  iordhaUm.  SeeFU^ 
Evidently.  [Mib 

Operate,  v.  f^A>c  ^moL  See£i»t,An 

Operation,  «.  (work),  f^A^  tumd,  ^£ 
Jl^l;  {eSect),j^\jtd9ir;  (morenifl:. 
i^j^-  harcAat,  See  Action,  Ages? 
Influence,  Effect. — The  opentioig  i 
an  army,  ^^CmkSI  Cl>l^^  harskaii- 
^kar. 

Operative, y^  ffif«w»tr,  ^^J.-*^  ^ 
ilcM  ^  la]io  Ja^iyai, 

Operator,  t.  ^JcU  /a^t7,  J^U  ^a«£ 

Opiate,  t.  (a  medicine  causing  ske?. 
si^'  U.>f^  ««^"«»  a>^fijif. 

Opiniative  (imaginary),  >c^  t«is^ 
^l^  iA«^Sft,  |e*^U3  ifc«^d«i. 

Opiniatively,  jIiju  hi^mdd.  See  (^ 
stinately. 

Opiniatre,  Ju:x  ^id.    See  Obstiiufe> 

Opiniatrety,  jLa  JXj  &iZo/  ^ma^.  ^ 
Obstinacy. 

Opinion,  ^Jo  tann  (pi.  ^^^  tain),^^ 
fkr  (pi.  jlOl  a/%ar),  ^^  tfoto  ;j^ 
aUjI  at^Adm),  y^\j  rdy,  ^j^^^  ^ 
mfn.  A  just  opinion,  ^  jLo  ^K  r^ 
»dJf%.  An  unJQst  opinion,  dJ'^f 
fihrfaiid.  To  form  an  opim'on,  ^* 
sofiii,  ^^iliit   iftakar,   ^iby  iawMm 

And  the  right  opinion  is,  that  I  should  retci 
and  govern  the  empire  until  God  shall  setil' 
and  settie  for  us  the  affair  of  mj  iob:  - 
not  then  forget  him,  nor  n^leet  his  c«t 

XCL4^  (jMyJj  ^frj^  ^^\  jlj  juJl  J); 

Sj^\^\y^l^1j.     Thotthsi^i 


OPP 


(841) 


OPP 


good  opinion  of  the  days  when  they  were 
mvonrable  to  thee,  and  hadflt  no  fear  concern- 
ing the  evil  that  destiny  was  preparing ;  thy 
nights  were  peaceful,  and  thou  wast  deoeiyed 
by  them;  when  the  nights  are  the  most 
bright  it  is  then  that  there  cometh  gloom, 


•^^WUUki 


>-\ 


(J. 

pinionatiye.    See  Opiniative. 
pinionativeness.     See  Obstinacy, 
pium,  jji^-il  afyun. 

pponent,  uJllsr^  mukhdlif,  fjOj\*^ 
mu^drtd.  See  Antagonist,  Adversary. 
pponentSy  XaSIs^  ^jls*^t  ashdh  mu- 
khdlafat.  [^^\y  tnutodfik, 

;>portane,  ^i  Idyik,  ^...wL^  mun&»%b, 

^portanely,  ^^-^|^  (juo^l  c,.'^ «■■>■<»" 
hMob  al  waht  wasuamdn,  iLA:>^  Jij 
hikol  mundsabat,  UiU^  tnuwafikan. 
See  Seasonably. 

)portunityy  l^Jfttrsai,  uSi^j  toakL 
>pose,  V.  (^l^  khdlqf,  Ajli  kdwam, 

•Xi^lj  dddad,  f--^^  mdna^f  cAr^^ 

i^iarad,  fjoyu  ta^arrad.     See  Eesist. 

— (to  place  as  an  obstacle),  (Xa  sadd. 
And  she  said  with  a  very  lond  Toice,  Do  not 
jppose  what  I  am  doing,  for  if  thou  oppose, 
ir  make  the  slightest  objection,  I  will  kill 
rnyself.   And  I  abstained  m>m  upbraiding  her, 


md  left  her  free  to  herself,  v::. 

tposite  (facing  each  other),  JjU«« 
nukshHf  y^^y  fMwolM^  JjU:^  i»«- 
\akdhil,  aU\  amam;  (adverse,  repng- 

lant),  uJU^  mukhalif,  uJlU.  khOof, 
j\m^  muffhdyn',  Ju^  diddf  ^jai\i>^  mu' 
\ahid.     See  Contrary.  —  Opposite  to 


Oppositely  (facingly),  .^iLiJU  htl  mu^ 
kdhalat;  (adversely),  ^Isr^  ^J^  hikol 
mukhalafat,  [3L>^khildfan,Lai\:^Jij 
hikol  mundkadai. 

Opposition,  oppositeness  (of  situation), 
JLLlLt  mukdhalat,  i^\y^  mutodjahat, 
lsi\s^  mukhdlafat,  t^lsT  takhdlaf, 
^<H**>  khildf,i^j\sL>^  mu^dradat,^j\Mj 
ia^rud,  X^^lL«  mukdwamat.  See  Be- 
Bistance,  Impediment. — ^Without  op- 
position, L0j\x^  h  hild  mu^radat,  ^ 

fjOjfUj^minffhayrta^arrud.  I  know 

that  thou  wast  a  man  of  sense  and  of  good 
manners ;  and  if  thou  art  changed,  I  will  ac- 
quaint her  with  this,  and  inform  her  that  thou 
hast  offered  opposition  to  her  female  slave, 

Oppress,  V.  Ji?  talam^  _Lc  4^JuC  fo" 

^<nM^'  ^o/Ss'.   See  Crush,  Overpower,  Subdue. 

— Oppress  not,  if  thou  hast  the  power  to  do  so, 
for  oppression  will  CTentually  oring  thee  re- 
pentamoe.  Thine  eye  will  sleep,  while  the 
oppressed,  wakeful,  will  call  for  vene eanoe 
upon  thee ;  and  the  eye  of  God  sleepetn  not, 

Oppressed,  /»^Ux«  nunlilm,j^f£B^  mqfhur. 

Oppression,  Ji?  tuhn,  j^p^  jahr,  ^^J^ 

iacoddi,  j^  jawr.  See  Cruelty,  In- 
jory.  Hardship,  Calamity,  Misery. — 
Oppression  of  spirits,  1 J^  sawdd,  ^i 

ghamj  A\  alam.     See  Melancholy.-— 

Betake  tiiysel^  therefore,  to  the  praotioe  of 
compassion  and  equity,  and  relinquish  evil  and 
oppression,  for  it  will  be  more  pleasant  to  thy 

life,/Jlvir^j  ^\^}\^ji)\i  dilUi 


Oppressive,  ^^^ill?  su/mf,  i^j^  kahrl. 
Bee  Gruel,  Tyrannical,  InhumaUi  Hard, 
Heavy,  Bnrthensome. 


0£A 


(842) 


OBD 


OppresMr,  #.  JU0.  %aUm,  ^^Juc^  mm^h- 

^addif  jU>-  jabhdr,  j)\^  jdNr.    See 

Tyrant. 
Opprobrious,    ^^    mufdih,    (jiu>-L} 

fdhiih.    See  Beproachful,  Sctirriloas. 
Opprobrionsly,  Jx,  Jij  5i3b/  ^ar,  Jij 

^L^Uoi  hikol  fadihat. 
Opprobrium,    opprobriouBoess,    v_—  '^ 

^l,  Iaoa  fadlhat,j\A  ^r.  See  Be- 

proach,  Scurrility. 
Optatire,  ^jj^j  tamannl.  [SomtI. 

Optical,  optic  (relating  to  Tision),  u^/^ 
Optic,  i,  (instrument  of  sight),  ij^ 

noKMdrat.     See  Eye.-— The  science  of 

optics,  2r^L«J1  Ac  ^Um  id  munduartfi, 
j^\  Ac  ^m  al  hoior.    The  power  of 

optics,  i^U\  i^  kawat  al  hdstrat. 
Optician,  *.  ^^l^Saij^i^liyi^  1^*/'^^ 

mdkir  ft  ma^rifat  annf^r  tea  tiatar  d 

^Hn.  Ikhdb.    See  Choice. 

Option,  jLi£^t  ikhtiffar,  l^\^\  inti- 
Opulence,  4]j  J  dawlat,  ^ji^  ghma\  Iji 

Jul  I  hmat  almOl,  J\y\  amwdl,  Sjji 
MTwai.     See  Wealth,  Biches. 
Opulent,  ^^c  ghanl.     See  Bich. 

Opulently,  ^^  JL  hihol  gham\  i^^ 

hUarwai,     See  Splendidly. 

Or,  b  yd,  ^\  aw.   See  Either ;  aUo  GWd. 

So  u^n  this  the  porter  was  confounded,  and 
he  said  within  himself,  By  Qod  I  this  place  is 
one  of  the  plains  of  Paradise,  or  it  is  the  palace 

of  a  King  or  Sultan,  l::-^  tA^i  J^ 

^ILLijI  vlJX* .  Wilt  thou  remain  in 
thy  dty,  or  come  with  me  to  my  capital, 

Orade, «.  (the  word  of  God),  ^\  c^lLf^ 


khUdb  ikM,  ^\  ^^  wcta  Ma,  k} 
dyai  (pL  cl^bT  agdi). 
Oraison,  i^  saint    See  Ptayer. 
Oral,  ^«X^  haiUi. 
Orange,  s.  ^^ji  hwrtdkane. 
Oration,  t.  c-;\k>>  MiM3,  JLk:>^  UmM, 
Ai^  hildm.    A  faneral  oration,  lA* 
maniya;t.      Celebrated   in   a  fnsm. 
oration,  i^^^x^  numdub. 
Orator,  s.  i^'^Aj'^  kMlh,  ,^^  fo^k 
Oratory,  aK!1  Ac  ^t^  al  ialdm^  i>^lj 
fasdhai,  IcL  laldghd,  SeeEloqns^ 
Bhetoric. 
Orb,  9.  iji\t^  ddyrat,  j^J  dawr  (pL^'^ 
adwdr).       See    Sphere ;    oi^M   Bi^ 
Circle,  Wheel.  The  celestial  orb,  uC* 
falak  (pL  cAij\  afldk).    See  Hcar^ 
Universe.— The  orb  of  the  moon,  *^ 
j^\  jirm  al  kamar.     The  sun's  st, 
^yMMiduJl  Mj>-jWm  ashshams^ 
Orbed,     orbicular,   j^«X^     ntmdansr 
jjJSoM^  mustailr,  jAti  ddyir,     S^ 
Ciroulftr,  Bound,  Spherical. 
Orbicularly,  L^jcum^  mustM^vn,   ^« 
Circularly.  [i» 

Orbiculamess,^^  Jj  tadw^.  See  Bosai- 
Orbit,  #.  ifyjl  J  ddyratfj^J  dawr.  See(^* 
Orchard,  <.  ^\::umj  ^^11.  [^ 

Orchestra,  a.  ^yi^  t^^  mavdlif^dHM'- 
Ordain,  v,  (appoint),  ^^  t5^iy^>  i^ 
decree),  .^1  amor,  A^  haiam;  ;& 
establish,  institute),  wJ|^  multf^;  . 
appoint  to  an  office), 
a^h  mamab. 
Ordained  (appointed). 

See  Established,  Ordered. 
Order  (method,  regnlardispodtiaD),^^^^ 
tadiir,  LfjjL\  asM,  |»Uai  niM^' 


I'iL-' 


OBD 


(843) 


GBQ 


funm,  ^^iaBj\  tnikdm;  (rale,  regola- 

tion),  iTtXcli  kd^idahf  jf^ii  tkuHr, 
^^Jb  tank,  L^}ji  aalnh,  ^^\j  kd- 
nUn ;  (maadate),  *C^  hukm,  j^\  amr, 

Laj  httd&.  See  Command. — (a  rank  9r 
class),  <^j*^  darajat,  iJHj  ruJthat,  i^y 
nutrtahuit  (pi.  ^^|/*  mardtib),  ijJb 
tdbaJutt.  See  Degree.  —  (fraternity, 
society),  ^^i  akhawiyt^.  The  order 
of  angels,  2iJiji\  e^L^  mardtib  al 
maldykai,  A  religious  order,  ^UwJb; 
rahbanmt.     Of  an  inferior  order,    io^ 

awta\  The  chief  of  an  order,  \j^^j 
rayyii.    In  alphabetioal  order,   _)l£ 

\js^\  c-iji^  H---V  t^  <^»*  ^ruf 
al  hajd.     Arranged  in  order,  a^Ii:^ 

mantnm.  Without  order,  i^^Jy  lb 
btld  tartlh.  See  Irregular. — (without 
command  from  a  superior),  a^^ 
btld  huhn. 

rders  (ranks  of  men,  etc.),  t— ijB^  9ufaf; 
(commands),   a\S^>'\    ahldm,  j^]^^ 

rder,  v.  (regulate,  arrange),  2i3j  natam, 
K.^^^Jj  Jf*  ^amal  tariib  \  (to  manage), 

^O  dabbar ;  (to  direct),  JJ^j\  anhad, 
j^\  amor.    See  Prescribe. — To  arrange 
in  alphabetical  order,  Uy.'^jy  ,^^  J^ 
L^\  i^jj^  naaam  ^M  tarUb  hmr^f 
al  hajd. 
rdered  (commanded),  (^^*^^  fnahhUm ; 


(arranged),  i»j  h;  ^  mawtfim, 

murattab.    See  Ordained. 
*derer, «.  (arranger),  J9U  ndim, 

fnurattib ;  (commander),  ^U-  ^M». 
•derless,  L^y  lb  3tZ3  Urtlb. 
•derliness,  fXoj  nia&m,  ^^y  tarM. 
^ee  Begulaiity. 


Orderly,  adf.  l^^j^  bi  tartlh  .Bee 
Begolar. — (according  tocastom),^|^ 
iFiXglJLH  muwdfik  al  kd^iddh ;  (not  tu- 
multuous), (^jU  kddi,  ^\j  rdkin. 
See  Quiet. 

Orderly,  adv,  j^Ui)  J^  bikol  iiMdfW,  JC 

^.^Tpj  WW  tartlb,  ^^,a>,rwl     Jlc 

Cy^jT^!  ^oZcf'  a^tfii  attartfb. 
Ordinal  (noting  order  «r  series), 
iarilbl,  ^c^Ua;  nMdml. 

Ordinance,  '•  f  y<^  «Aar^,  ^yli  kdnUn, 
ifOjJ^  thari^t,  ^j  rasm,  is&M  td^- 

dot.  See  Law,  Precept,  Eule,  Ap« 
pointment. 

Ordinarily  (according  to  custom),  c-^.mm»- 
id\si\  hoBob  al  ^ddat,  if  JlcUJI  Jh^I^ 
muwdjik  al  id^tdat;  (usually),  UU 
ffhdUban,  U^4X  ^umUtnan,  ^Ls»-^lj 
j\:u««]l  bil  wajh  al  mu^dd.  See  Com- 
monly, Frequently. 

Ordinary  (usual),  ^^  jLlcI  i^iyddi,  ^^c^j 

rasml,  ^<Liȣ  ^mall,  t}\sjL^  mu^d, 
^yU!l  L^^Miff*^  hoBob  al  kdnUn;  (vul- 
gar), i^^  ^(Smml.  See  Common.— 
(mean,  of  inferior  rank),^«A».  hakir, 
^0  dRn;  (not  handsome),  ,^^  kdbih» 

Ordinate,  v.    See  Ordain. 
Ordinate.    See  Orderly.  [Cannon. 

Ordnance  (cannon),  i^jio  tawb.     See 
Ordure,  ^^  wasakh,  ^^ttJxT  nqfae.     See 

Dung,  Filth.  Ikhdm. 

Ore  (of  any  metal),  /^S^.  ^Jjl^  ma^dan 
Organ,  t.  (musical  instrument),  ^j\ 
arghun\  (instrument,  member),  iS\ 
dlai,yac  ^adU.^'The  organ  of  hearing, 
Ju^Ut  i^\  al  kuwai  aadmi^.  See 
Hearing,  Ear. — The  organ  of  taste, 
^\jJ1  Hi]  al  dlat  audyiai.     See 


OEN 


(844) 


OSS 


Palate.— The  organ  of  touch,JLyb«llt  Ui] 
dl  dlat  al  lamitat.  See  Feeling. — The 
organ  of  smell,  £«luJ1  iM\  al  dlai  ash- 
ahdmat.  The  organ  of  sight,  d^U\Z!]lt 
al  dlai  al  hdsiraL     See  Eye. 

Organist, «.  ^^J^  ^^*^  dakkdh  al  arghm. 

Organize,  v,  i^j  rakiab,  k^j  raitab, 
Joj  tuuam.    See  Form,  Frame. 

Ozganj,  origan  (herh),^!*.^  arjix^  sartor. 

OrichalG  (a  kind  of  hrass),^^^  (jwU^ 
nahds  asfar. 

Orient,  J/^^  oshiharL 

Oriental,  SjJL  iharkl,  (fern.  iJjJ^  Bkar- 
kiyaty  Oriental  countries,  jjLuL^ 
maihdrik. 

Orifice,  a.  (mouth),  ^  fum  (pL  /tLi^\ 

afindm);    (opening),  ,^  fath.     See 

Mouth,  Hole,  Opening,  Fissure,  Per- 
foration.— The  orifice  of  the  uterus, 
Jus:r*  mahbal. 

Origin,  original  (source),  J^\  asl,jXay9 
nuudar,  1  Ju^  tnahda,  1  Jcj\  ibtidd.  See 
Beginning.— (descent),  J-^l  ael,  J-»J 
nasi,  Uj^.wmJ  nasal,  ^j^:^  jins.  An 
original  (first  copy,  archetype),  J-^^ 
asl,  i,s^  nashhat,  if^y^^  musawwadi. 
An  original  author,  ^X>^\  uJJ^t  al 
mULolif  alasH,  ,X^^\  L,a;^4]l  al  tm- 
sannif  alasll. 

Original,  adj.  ^X^\  mU-  See  First, 
Primitiye,  Pristine,  Essential. 

Originally,  J-^^1  ^  min  al  asl,  J^5lt  ^ 
mm  al  aunoal,  ^^ jJ\  ^  flal  ladaytU. 

Originate,  r.  (spring  from),  ^j  Ju^  sadar 
min\  (to  bring  into  existence),  2rLkel 
J^^  a^&h  toujUd,  *^j>'y  i^^^  ^anuh 
laho  matpfnd. 

Origination,  jlad  ijad,  jJ^  iawUd. 

Ornament,  s,  ^j  zinat.     An  ornament 


of  gold,  silTer,  ete.,  worn  by  wtna 

round  their  ankles,  JUA^  OaQM, 
An  ornament  of  fringe,  ete.,  roosd  t 
garment,J>  luf  <0^^.  See  Embroider. 

— ^The  ornaments  of  a  wall  (as  pEC- 

ing,  stucco,  etc.),  ^IVij^^  ^^Jj  n^^ 

alhXidn,  Cc^^  muBO/fk 

Ornamental,  ^^ji\  (J^^  ^^fl 

Ornamentally,  h>ij  J^  htboi  wi^. 

Ornamented,  ornate,  ^^ 

mm 

^^  mutauyyin. 
Ornamented  with  gold  and  jewels, 
mwrassa^  A  scimitar  onuun^itBdvii 
gold  and  jeweb,  ^*^  l»Bj-i  sggfmr 
rassa^  The  ornamented  title  <^  i 
book  (j^o,  the  ornamented  front  <^  t 
palace,  etc.),  ^^^  ^attwdn.  An  ona 
style,  i^yiy^  /^^  kaldm  musaUt^ 

Omateness,  omature.     See  Beoontk. 
Finery. 

Orphan,  t.  m^cj  yaUm  (fem 
pi.  ^^  yatdnu^,  Jsj\  aytdm) 
make  one  an  orphan,  ^  |fa^tei« 
A^.  ^mdlaho  ffoHm.    An  oarphan  hf' 
pital,^lajy  la-— 1  i^^Wo/irfyirf^ 

•ft 

Orpiment,  ^jj  %amM» 
Orthodox,  ^^u^tiyj\  artoduksi. 
Orthography,  Ltl  tmld,  ijb^l  LJ  ier 
dl  hitdhat.      To  mark  AraMe  wix 
orthographical  points,  iZj\ijs\  ^^ 


V- 


wada^  al  harakdt  [ 

Oscillation,  iytjis  haahatai.    See  Tibn- 

Osier,  uJ\^aLp  safsdf. 

Osprey  (sea  eagle),  jss\l\jmj  nmr  - 

3aAr,  c^Ufi  ^ukdh. 
Ossification  (becoming  bone),  or  to  osb^. 


r^ 


\  Ag\ait7  to^sSm  a/  Ubi. 


OYE 


(845) 


OVE 


Ostensible  or  ostenaiYei^U?  tdhir. 
Ostentation,  ostentatioofinessy  f  VioT  ta- 

'stentatious,  ^x^c^  mtdasanm^.  See 
Vain,  FompouSy  Boastfiil. — To  display 
ostentationsly,  /»Klb  ^^  tasanna^ 

hU  kaldm.    See  Yainly,  Pompously, 
stler,  ^^L>  sdjfu.     See  Oroom. 
strich,  s.  aU3  na^dm,  <uU3  na^meh. 

thery^^  I  dhhaTfj^ghayr.  See  Another, 
Different — One  after  the  other,  «\^fj 
^Sl  Jjc  ioahid  hacd  d  dkhar.  Other- 
while,  at  other  times,  uuJ^^^  _3  /I 
ghayr  wahU 

therwise,  else  (if  not),  )1^  wa  tlld, 
1  ^^^j  «^  tn^ft  2d;  (in  another 
manner,  in  other  respects),  i^^j^^Ju 
Inghayr  wqfh ;  (by  other  causes),  jJi 
c-^l^t  laghayr  ashdb. 
tter,  $.  Ull  ^^  ^^  o/md. 
v'al  (in  the  shape  of  an  egg),  JC&  .le> 

7en,  *.  f^fum. 

7er  (above,8uperior),  Jlc  ^ala*;  (across), 
^  ^ahr;  (above  the  top),  jy  fawk, 
^^^  ^aU ;  (too  much),  if  jbj  %igddat, 

x^  \  jy  /<iu7^  a/  ^M2e7.  See  Beyond. — 
D  ver  and  above,  jy/ofe;^.  Over  against, 
J^La^  mukdhd.  See  Opposite. — To 
2F08B  over,  ^ls>  ^  ^lai  ^ato^  mm 

'^oM.    To  pass  over  a  rlver,^^.^!  ^ 

er-abound,  v.  zS^^jij^Xa  $dr  hoBlr 
erbalance,  v.  ^^  jli  /d^  ^ala\  ^j 

.^U^il  ro^A  a/  tnHdn. 
'erbear,i;.  ^*^^  JJ^  s^bm  wa  ia^di^, 
erbid,  v.  sAj  ^^  ^  J  dafa^  taman 
iilytd.  [markab. 

erboardy  i^^j^\  ^jl-c^  ihdraf  ci 


Overburden,  v.  Ja^\J^  hattar  al  html. 
Overbuy,  v.  (buy  too  dear),  ^jj^sj  i//^l 

^U  uhtarn^  hiUman  ghdll. 
Overcast,  v.  (overcloud),  ^  ghayyam. 
Overcharge,  v.  (surcharge  the  stomach), 

J^b  J^  takkal  hUaJd. 
Overcome,  r.  c^Jii  ghaM,  jJ^  tafiur. 

See  Conquer,Overpower,  Vanquish;  oho 

Overcharge. 
Overfieill.    See  Cataract. 
Overfloat.    See  Swim. 
Overflow,  v.  (deluge),  J-^^jU  idr  9ayl, 

^^j\^  «ar  tawqftln.    See  Drown. 
Overforwardness,  ^lLstI  f^  kiU'at  al 

Overgorge,  v.    See  Overcharge. 

Overgrow,  r.  (as  vegetation  ),^^^  kab- 

har  hair  J  j^  JjLy  Uwwal  hatlr ;  (to 

become  too  big  or  tall),  imm^I  iJi^X^ 
idr  ^Im  ajjjUm. 

Overgrowth,  ^^1  ifjljj  %iydiat  al  hibry 
y^\  if jbj  niyddat  annamn. 

Overharden,  v.  iij\iji  ^^\^  Af  ^arnoMo 

mdkin  bkiyadat. 

» 

Overhaul,  v.  «Xt  J^  ^j^  ^jos?  ^^j  rafi^ 

fahas  mmjadld. 
Overhead,  ^J\   Jic  ^^^  min  ^M  arrdif 

{j*i)J\  (jt^  ^  minfawk  arrds. 

Overhear,  v.  _U  cs-wi;;  tana»$a^  ^M. 
See  Hear. 

Oveijoy,  V.  \,^  ^<^ji  farrahaho  jiddan. 
Overlabour,  v.  (bestow  too  much  pains), 
^^uJi\Ji  kastar  M«a^f. 

Overlarge,  \^  j^  kdblr  jiddan,  j^ 

sc\ij)  kabiir  bkyddah. 
Overleap,  r.  ^  ^  cJL  tafmin  ^. 

Overlive,  r.  ^^J^\  ^J^£  ^dih  aksar  mm. 
See  Oatlive,  Survive. 


OWN 


(848) 


PAC 


See  Yiolenti  Tomoltaoasy  Turbulent, 
Enormous. 
Outrageously^  \jii\  Jij  hiiol  iftira. 

Ontrageou8ne88,4^Juu  to^a4i(tfty\^t  iflird. 
Outride,  9.  c^jllj  ^J^  sabak  M  rikb. 
Outroot,  r.  ^li  kala^,  cjj  nata^    See 

Eradicate,  Extirpate. 
Outrun,  V.  f^/a^J\i  (Jf^  sabak  hU  raid. 
Outsail,  r.  ^^^j^  (Jf^  ^'r^j^  markah 

sabak  marhab.  [/dk  biUam^. 

Outshine,  v.  (excel  in  lustre),  ^^Ij  Jili 
Outshoot,  9.  ^j^  *Xmj\  ^jmt^  kawwas  ab^ad 

mm.  [Superficies. 

Outside,   s.    ^^  sath.      See  Surface, 

Outswear,  s.  Sj^  ^  ^»JJii*^\  cJi^-  halaf 

ahsan  mm  ghayriM. 
Out-talk,  V.  ij^  ^j^jS\  ^1>^  hM 

aksar  mtn  ghayrihi. 
Outvote,  V,  ls.J^\i  Cy^d.X  hessb  bUkir^at. 
Outwalk,  V.  ij^  ^ Ji^\  ^J^  meshl 

aksar  min  ghayrihi. 
Outward,  -^J^  khdrij.     The  outward 

appearance,  iyt^S  ijyA\  assurat  assd- 

hu'at,  A9^j  ioqfh^j^^  zdhir. 
Outwardly  (externally),    Wjf^  sHratant 
\jJbUff  tdhiran, yb\!iii\  ^^\i  biltcafh 

audhir.  [btlkhdraf. 

Outwards  (towards  the  outside), -prjls^b 

Outweigh,  9.  ^j^\  ^j  rajjdh  al  watn. 

Outwit,  V.  (deceive),  ^/Lc  ghash,  jJlc 
ghadar.    See  Cheat. 

Outwork,  s,  tj\ji  k^  hayt  barr&nl. 
Owe,  V.  (be  in  debt),  ^J  ^uic  ^alayh 

dayn. 
Owl,  s.  (owlet),  z*^  bum  {fem,JUt^bumat). 
Own,  adj.  ^^  tuifs,  iJL^\j  tdt,  ^^^  ^ne. 

My  own  book,  ^A^ii  l5^^  **^*'  ^/" 


nthco,  etc.  I  remained  in  (hat  nD^np^ 
ing  of  what  I  had  done,  and  said  vithin  btk/. 
B J  God,  I  haye  hastened  my  oim  deitnKCiA. 


•  m 

Own,  r.  (acknowledge),  Ji  kar^  lj^ 
i^taraf.  See  Confess. — To  own  jt  pos- 
sess, vl^X«  melek\  (claim),  t^J  ja: 
^amdl  da^wd. 

Ownership,  iC^U  mdlikiyai,  CS^  ^ 
maUuk.    See  Possession. 

Owner,  s.  (Ji3U  md/«^  u^^^U  k^^ 
uJ;«^^  mutasarrif*  See  Fonea^ 
Master,  Lord. 

Ox,  s.  Sjh  bakara  (pL  ^aj  baiar)* 

Ox-stall, ^l^^l  akhur  al  hahr. 

Oyster,  l[»>/^f  isiiridiyd,  uJ«XtfM^^ 


P. 


P  has  an  uniform  sound  in  EsglishfC 
oepting  before  h,  where  it  Bounds 
/,  as  'philosopher.'  At  the  begte 
of  some  words,  when  followed  byU* 
sound  is  not  perceptible,  as  'Pti^J 
The  Arabians  have  no  characta  :-* 
this  letter,  on  which  account  theTS> 
stifcute,  in  general,  uJ,  when  tkl 
adopt  words  where  it  occurs,  t^ 
foreign  languages;  as  J^  tot  v*; 
'  an  elephant  ;*  ^/**;\j  for  fjuj^t  ^* 
sia.'  Sometimes  they  use  M*  ' 
(^y  for  Fatdus,  'PauL*  [^^  \ 
Pabular,  .pabulous  (alimentaiy),  Jf'* 
Pace,  s.  aS9  kadam,  ijis:>^  khaivtf  h 
i:L)\ja£S^  kkatwdt).  See  Step,  Ifetf^^ 
— Pace  by  pace,  j^jJb  ^aJj  JUi^B^ 

kadam.    And  she  dad  him  in  womes's  iff'-f - 
and  isid  to  him,  Walk  behind  me,  aadis^l 


PAI 


(849) 


PAL 


thy  body  from  ride  to  ride  as  thou  steppest, 
and  proceed  not  with  a  hasty  pace,  nor  take 
notice  of  any  one  who  may  speak  to  thee, 

'acificatioDy  iaii.a/9  mmdlahat,  J^  »ulh. 

acificator,  pacifier,  ^lio^  muadlih. 
acific,  M^  salim. 

acifically,  [ar^  sulhan,  ULtj^.^  Jij 
hikol  mlhin  wa  saldnuih.    See  Mildly, 
acify,  V,  (make  peace),  J^  J-«x  ^amal 

8ulh,  fc^JJ^  haddc^.  See  Eeconcile, 
Appease. 

(if 

ack,  package,  8,  (load),  <UJ»-  huunat, 
3l\j  hdlah.    See  Load,  Bundle, 
ick,  V,  (bind  ap),  aJ^  haxm, 

Etcker,  »,  (♦ij^-  hassidm. 

icket,  8,  (mail),  ^^^^  p&hit, 

ick-saddle,  8.  ^Jf\i  pdldn. 

ict,  paction,  Lyl  8hart,  J^  ^aAi,  jac 

^kd.     See  Contract,  Bargain. 

idlock,  8.  Jaj  kufl.     To  padlock,  JiS 

i^an,  8.  |«;jj  u^Manl.    See  Heathen. 

ig^nism,  /^Litfll  if  jLc  ^ddat  al  (undm, 

.ge,  8.  (of  a  book),  Jis:^  8afhat  (pi. 
8afhdt),  isus^  8ahl/ah  (pi. 
bls'^  8dkdyif).  The  two  opposite 
pages  of  a  book,  ^Jl::i31  Ixlj  daffatd 
zl  hiidb.     A  page  boy,  /«!U  ghaldm, 

^5  La  «ai^.  See  Attendant,  Cupbearer. 

g^eant,  8.  Ja:t>y  matuar,  J^  mazhar 
pi.  -JbUsL^  mosd^iir).  See  Show, 
spectacle.  [See  Idol. 

^od,  8.  (idol),  ^Pj  t^OMM,  ^«:«^  8anatn. 

LI,  8.  (for  milk),  v,,,^Jjyl  Uj  wa^d  al 
^M,  fjf^  matban* 


Pain,  ^5»-j  wq/tf^,  JUaJl  infill,  Ji 
o^m,  J'ljf  taallum,  ^j»-  Ai»i».  See 
Anguiah,  Grief,  Trouble,  Torment. — 
(punishment),   c-^Uc   ^f£d3,  (i-^^liX^ 

Fains,  JLsr^  mihtuit,  HjL^  mtuhakkat, 
Sp^jadd,  s^jahd.  See  Labour,  Toil. 
— The  pains  of  child-bearing,  ^\^ 
makhdd.  [Torment ;  ako  Ache. 

Ttdn^v.^^^wajfa^tfiyallam.  See  Afflict, 

Painful,  pained  (full  of  pain),  Jil:;^^  mu- 

taaUim ;  (difficult),  c^^ot^  «a^3. 
Painfully   (with  great   affliction),    Jo 

Ingham,  ^^jj^/J^  J^  ^^^  alamin 
tea  taqfa^;  (laboriously),  ^*^^  J^ 
J^^^  if^/  jaddin  wafahd,  ^pu»  Jm 
&t^/  8a^. 
Paint,  t'.  (represent  by  delineation  and 
colour),  jya  8awwar ;  (to  colour),  ^,y 

Painted,  ^^a:^  man^A;  (as  a  picture), 
Painter,  9.jya^  mtuaundr. 
Painting,  part,  jya^  mu8aunvir. 
Painting,  «.  ^Jlju  tutluh,  jly^  ta8Wir, 
See  Picture. — The  art  of  painting,  Jue 

jiy^^  lilm  atta8wlr.  And  ordered 
them  to  whitewash  that  palace,  and  to  decorate 

it  with  various  kinds  of  paintings,  /*^^|^ 

Pair,  8.  -p.^J    «w^'.      Seie  Couple. — ^A 

married  pair  (husband  and  wife),  ^^^^j 
%awjdn. 
Pair,  9.  (join  in  couples),  ^jj  uawwaj; 

(tobe  joined  in  couples),  ^  ^Jj  toMunoaj. 

Palace,  t^^j^  8ardg,  j^  haw  (pi.  jy^ 

ku9ur\  1  saw  a  door,  and  I  entered  it,  and 
behela  a  palace  strongly  and  beuutifully  con- 
•tnicted,  where  I  foond  a  lady,  like  a  pearl  of 

64 


PAL 


(850) 


PAL 


mtt  priee,  whott  aspect  tauihed  from  the 
netrt  all  anzietj  ana  grief  and   aillictioii. 


jCbu: 


^J  ^(^^ 
Paknqiim,  $.  ^^j  uucir  UMt  rUdn. 
Palatable  (agreeable  to  the  taste),  «3j  jl 
Jaa%t  ^/uJ^  nafU.  [mI^  al  hoik. 

Palate,  #.  CJ^  hanak,   j^\f^JL^ 
Palatine   (poflfieseed    of   regal    rights), 
I^  JikiJ  v.^^U  tdhib  iiiildalhuai. 

See  Sovereign.  L*^^)* 

Pale  (in  colour),  JlA  Mfar  (fern.  \jLa 

Pale,   «.   (for  making  indosures),  JJj 

watad  (pi.  4>lJ«f  atctdd).   An  indosnre 

or  fence  of  pales,  a  palisade,  palisado, 

Palefaced,  i^j^\ji^\  atfar  al  toqfh. 
Paleness,  j\sLfi  safdr. 
Pall,    r.    (become   insipid    or    vapid), 
vJjjU  «dr  dele^;   (to  make  insipid), 

«J  J  dalla^. 
Pallet,  #.  (mean  or  small  bed),    <LJ*y 

a  ,Jl>- fanha  haklra. 
Palliate,  v,  cljl^^Jcc  J-4X  ^<w7kiZ^faflrfi<; 

(to  mitigate  pain,  etc.),  IJj  ^j  ray- 

yah  Milan,  t^jJ^  u-aL^-  khaffaf  al 

waja^ 

Palliation,    palliative,    l-^*^^  L-fl-ifliT 

"j^joiii^J  takhflf  d  %anb  hil  i^i%&r. 

See  Excuse,  Apology.—  (mitigation  of 

pain,  etc.),  i^^AJLoer  takhflf t  ^j**^ 

taskm,  ii!b\i  i\j\j^  maddrah  hdtilah. 

Palliative,  adf.  (mitigating  pain,  etc.), 

hait&l  yarayyih  kaUlan  wa  mdyutaiyyih. 
PaUid.     See  Pale. 
Pahn-tree,  J.  Askr  tutkhU,     The  fibres 


of  the  palm-tree  (of  vhich  fkej 
ropes,  ete.),  (.JJ  ^f.  The  pak 
(victory),  i^  mairmt,j^  M/5r.  Set 
Triumph. — ^The  palm  (of  the  boC- 

^\U^hrfayad,  isAjTdktL  id 

when  he  had  thus  made  me  forget  tiie  t£-  f 
xest,  and  had  left  mj  hodee  deans  tiic:» 
palm  of  my  hand  (emptj)  \  I  eaidto  hiB^BsEr- 
mnet  he  put  aside  when  dktraB  »  osi.  t 
perfumes  are  laid  aaide  when  the  v^j^kas^ " 
a  marriage  are  ended;  bo  hestir  th^^L* 
make  gain  by  Ay  art,  and  tir  to  gsiha  t: 

fruitof  thyskill,*Zp-y\  ^  JU'-u 


•    & 


Palma-christi,  fj/^  Hwm^. 
Palmer,  «.  ^jC^U-  *fl£rt,  ^^•^  ■* 

datH,     See  Pilgrim. 
Palmer-worm,  «.  ^^  /A  umm  i^ti. 
Palmistry,    jJ^  Jx   ^t7»i   oZ  yai,  - 

L4^^  f  t7m  a<«fmld.    See  Cbiromsir 
Palpable    (perceptible    by  the  toet^ 

^yus^  mahsiU,  ^j.^\  Jjl5  io-'- 

^0m;  (manifest),  ^'^  loaiiX. 

Palpableness  (to  the  tonch),  ^^^^M^"r* 
kahiliyat  al  lams ;  (manifestness),  Jy* 
tatodlh,  ^;-^  ^o^n. 

Palpably  (by  the  tonch),  ij»^\  ^ 
lams;  (manifestly),  ]^l-b  saiir^ 
^\  d5f-y  3i  wajhin  wadih,     [Ti*^ 

Palpation,  ^^;*i^  iam.     See  Feefe 


Palpitate,  i;.  J^  khafak,  i^Js^j 

See  Tremble. 
Palpitation,  t-Ji»  ^^Ui:^  tt*>^  * 

kalh,  i^r^\jjj^j  rtpaf^  tli^ 
Were  I  to  explain  the  burnings  I  am  c^ 
going,  and  the  sickness  and  eortasrof  fc'^** 
palpitation,  neither  paper,  pen,  "^  "^  ^ 
remain  upon  the  earth,  nor  a  soap  epe»  *^ 

to  write,  ^^  *UJ1  U  ^^1  ^ 


/I 


PAN 


(851) 


PAR 


j^  cTV  ^^  urr^  C^  cT*^  dr^ 

Ifiied,  ^^)^  maflaj, 

Isy,  *.  JU  /aW;;  (hemiplegia),  Jli 

'a/t;;  (paralysis),  iULe^  ra^ihat. 
Itry,    -Id-    A«*ir,    J  J    danl,    JJi 
o/i/.  See  Mean,  Contemptible,  Pitifal. 
Itriness,  sJSl^  hakdrat.  See  Meanness. 

mper,  v,  ^jlo  Mf^\  at^am  hitiyadat^ 

JJ  J  daUalf  ij.4^  Mtnman, 

mpblet, s.  *X>-t  J>- ^ -.dS  ilLf  ft- 

d^^  kadhfl  hah  ahhad, 

mphleteer,  jJi\  J^  ^  -jli  hddihfl 

\ak  al  ghayr. 

a,  «.  (for  frying,  stewing,  etc.),  iJ^ 

•uzJ&^a',  il£«  mahlat  (pi.  ^U^  ma^/i), 

[lacca,  «.    (universal  remedy),   ^Ic 

icake,  «.  ^11)  ^  y  fkitr^  ioldhiyai. 
le,  «.  >-^/^  murahha^,  ^j^  murah- 
a^at,     A  pane  of  glass, JjjS  ^^  ^007^ 
was.  [j^(Mf. 

legyric,  -.J^  madhf  Uj  sand,  ujii^^ 
icgyrist,  a.  -\x«  madddh.    See  En- 
omiast. 
ig,».  ^ffham,  2\  alam,Jb\^\ ^\Jj\ 

.kibad  al  khatir.  See  Angoish,  Fain. — So 
>r  heart  felt  the  pangs  of  separation ;  and 
hen  she  went  forth,  and  saw  the  preparation 

mm  * 

»r  travel,  she  wept  violently,  \j**>s^ 

••  •  •  ^  •• 

g,  r.  ^^^wajja^  See  Pain,  Torment. 

m  dan  iohab,  \^^  kkatcf.  See 
eiTOfi  Fright 


Pannel,  «.  (pack-saddle),  ^b  ^d/^», 
^^lA..!  aomar,  ^«^  harda^  (pi.  ^]^ 

5ard(^i^). 
Pannier,  «.  J^^Jj  »m&i/,  Ji?^  A^r^/, 

^   ibf^,  Ay4  fo//^.      See  Hamper, 

Basket 
Panther,  $.j^  fH*mr,j^^  habr. 
Pantofle,  #.  i^y  V  ^^^^A-    ^^  Slipper. 
Papa,  b  b  pdpd  or  b  b  ^5d.    See  Eath^. 
Papaverous    (resembling  poppy),   ^Jl^ 


.1 


L/- 


1  mta/  0/  ihashkhdsh. 


Paper,  ^^^  warak.    Blotting-paper,  Jij^^ 

i^w  tt^ofd^  nashshdf,    A  sheet  or 

leaf  of  paper,  dii^^  t^oro^,  jjtj  i*«^ 
talkiyat  toarak. 
Par  (equality),  Sl^Lu^  miMAirdA,  ^Ux^ 

Parable,  «.  Jl^  nuualf  J^A^J  (amaf^. 
Parables,  cl.*1l^  masaldt,   i:Ji.^^4>,j 

tatMlldt. 
Parabolical,  ^^J^  masalh 

Parabolically,  k*.\,4^.i  iamtHlan,  ^^yJ 
^JgA^'H  5t  tcqfh  al  tam$iL 

Parade,  ^ulxs  ^anamat.  See  Pomp, 
Magnificence,  Show. — Military  parade 
or  array,^LjJl  _]x  ^>l(  koihf^la^ 

al  ^asdkir,  A  parade  or  place  for 
military  exercise,  ^^Ju^  mli<3n. 

Paradigm,  s.  Jt^  moial  (pi.  ilil^!  am- 
silat).    See  Example. 

Paradise,  i^^^j^  fardus  (pi.  ^/mJ  jUi 
farddU)f  iL:^  jannat  (pi.  d^uc*" 
janndt).  Belonging  to  Paradise,  para- 
disiacal ;  also  the  blessed,  or  the  in- 
habitants of  Paradise,  ^^t}j3  fardusl. 

We  continaed  our  Toyage  until  we  arrived  at 
an  island  like  one  of  the  gardens  of  Paradise, 


PAE 


(852) 


PAE 


Paradox,  «.  (a  tenet  oontrary  to  received 
opinion),  ^Jsj\  tbUdd^  idXJ  htd^t; 

(an  assertion  contrary  to  appearance), 

idajU^  mugh&latat.  \_^Jd, 

Paradoxical,  jA«lt  ^  Juxj  ha^d  ^an  al 

Paradoxically,    ?^^V   ^^  tbttdd^  ^ 

&1  JcjUl  c  y)  min  naw^  al  ibtidd^. 

Paragon  (model,  pattern),  isz\3  kd^idat; 
(supremely  excellent),  i^^ji  kadwat, 
,2aj  ^\^  mdlaho  nosir,  ^  ci^  ^  ^  '^»{ 

Paragraph,  b.  J^ioi  /m/.     See  Section. 

Paragrapbieally^  J  j  igt  i  •;  il  ^c-)^-^  ^<(^' 
atta/slL  [wdzl. 

Parallel,  i^^y^  mutawoMi,  iJj^y  ntu- 

Parallel  or  parallel  line,  «.  i/)^^  »« 
khatt  tnutatDd%h  A  parallel  figure, 
i^j^y^  J^  *hakl  mutawdtl.  A  pa- 
rallel (comparison),  ^UJuJ  ^AMA, 
J«l4j  ^am«i/,  ^/mLJ  i^d«,  ^Ub^  tnu- 
mdsalat  \  (conformity),  iAj\y  muwd- 
fakaty  <Uj11x«  mutdhakat. 

Parallel,  f^.  (place  in  parallel  lines),  v^^ii^ 
Juj\«i^  ]oyiass:r  saf  hi  khutut  mutawd" 
ziyat\  (to  be  equal  to),  ^<j\J  wd%a\ 
See  Eesemble,  Correspond. — (to  com- 
pare), <U^J  (J«4X  ^ama/  toA^lA,  J^«x 
JUjUU  ^ama/  mukdhalaty  i>j^y  J^^*^ 
^(im(7/  muwdtanat,  \_wd%l. 

Parallelism,  i\j\y  muwd&dh,  uSj^y  ta- 

Paralogism,  paralogy,*,  (false argument), 

vjlfo^^^  (JJj  ddM ghayr  hurhdnl. 
Paralysis.     See  Palsy. 
Paralytic.     See  Palsied. 
Paramount,  iJ^^  ^\^\  jt^^  akhoTf  Joel 

GMm,    ffj\    akratn.      See  Supreme, 

Eminent.  [Mistress. 

Paramour,  a.  ^jJiaVe.  ^dshik.    See  Lover, 


Parapet,  s.  (wall  breast  bigli),  ijC^ 
tattdra,     A  parapet  of  lattice  va, 

Parapbemalia  (goods  in  tbe  dispoBLJ 

a  wife),  ;lfsj-  jahd%yj^  noAr,  ji< 

taddk. 
Pan^brase,  «.  i^  W*  -.y-^  jAot A  ■« 
^^mmA?  ^o/^r.     See  Commenbij,: 

terpretation.  —  To    paraphrase,  •- 

tharahy  ^j**«i.7  J.4X  ^am^/  ia/nr . 
Parapbrast,   ^.^^  <AtfrrdA     SeeC: 

mentator.  [•« 

Parapbrastical,  f^j^^ ^r/**i  ^^' 
Parapluye,  iIj^m.^.^  ahamaiyat.  See  It 

brella,  [./«r»tfi 

Parasang,  «.  (a  Persian  league),  ff 
Parasite, «.  (feast-hunter,  flatterer].  J^ 

aafldk,  ^JJ^  tu/ayll.    See  Adu'jir 

■ft 

Parasol,  a.  !L^,aJ^  ahamaiyai.  Seel? 
brella. 

Parcel,  a,  (small  bundle),  ^  K 
(a  part),  ^La>-  Masah,  ijiaj  U^ 
(a  number),  J Jx  ^ai<ii.  See  Qu^ 
Mass. — To  parcel  (divide),  j^fAS>'' 
^jC0a>-  kaaaam  huaaa  Jmaaa, 

Parch,  V.  a,  j^  Auroi^,  i^^  ^^ 
\o^  ahaUoat,     See  Search. 

Parchment,  ^^  roibfc. 

Pardon,  yLz  ^a/fl,  ^^ajL«  maghfer^^," 
yhujrdn.  A  pardon  (warrBxit  c:  - 
giveness),  ij»\jyLc  ^fa  nSm-  - 
ask  pardon,yfijc^\  iafayhfar,  T;> 
pardon,  or  make  an  apologj  ^' :' 
offences,  ^U^ i..jL»^«.id&7 ^^<^ " 

tatar  can  ^oibirtn  ta&if0  minhu^ 
Pardon,  v.  i^jkL  ghafar  laku,  j!^/^'* 

far  ila\  ^  ^  aafnh  ^a^  ^'^^ 

give.— Pardon  thy  brother  if  he  is  ^^''T'*^^ 
even  in  insulting  thee,  (as  it  naj  ^  ^ 


FAB 


(853) 


PAB 


hits  ihee  by  mistake,  \j\  cJU.^  f*L 

irdonable,  ^^ix^  yughfar,  ^akSI  ^-r^!^ 
wajib  dl  ^afa,  ^y^\  L^'^yyJM^  mu- 
itauyib  al  ghufran.  [ma^tUr, 

irdoned,  i^j^M  maghfiir  laho,  j^^>f^ 
irdoner,  «.  jUi  ghaffcLff  j^  ghaf&r. 
irdoning,  a^.jsKs.  gh&fir. 
ire,  r.  ^Ji  karad.    To  pare  off  the 

skin  or  rind,  'J^  salakh,  yU  kaahar. 

red,  ^^/^  fnakrHd, 

irent,  «.  c^]^  kardyh,  jJlj  wdlid. 

Parents,  ^jjlj  t0a/u2«yn.  See  Father, 

Hother. 

rentage  (extraction),  J^^  atl,  ^JmJ 

tasl,  c-.^M«J  natdb.    See  Desoent,  Ge- 

lealogy, 

rental,  i^-^mmJ  noMhh 

ritj,  ^lbL«  muihdhahat,  J\jcxl  t^- 
lu^/,  ^luJ  tMhdhihf  ZA>U/#  ffiiimd- 
uz^^.    See  Equality,  Beeemblance. 
rk,  «.  ^l:^  huitdn,  lIJj^  pdrk. 
rley,  r.  w«  i^ljj  iMdkar  ma^,     A 
parley,  ^IC«  mukdlanuU,  JLl^lir*  mti- 
:hcLtabal,    See  Conversation. 
rody,  «.  Jl^  mdio/,  ^UJU  toMf A, 
kJLi;  ^aiUfi,  \^\  iJUidd. 
role,  X4K  kdipkU,   See  Woird.^pro- 
aise),  «Xcj  tro^J. 

roqnet,  2[;:^  ^  durrah  ioghirah, 

roxysm,  «.  c^j  ipoifc^,  jj  J  iKmrr ;  (of 

,  fever,  etc.),  ^^J^^j^*^  dawralkmn' 

%4»\     See  Fit. 

rricide  (murder  of  a  parent),  jJlj)l  |J:j 

«;»^/  cl  iodlid.    A  parricide,  2r  jJl^  Jjli 
^til  todUdaho. 
rrot,  f.  ifj^a  durrah. 

,  r .  (the  thrust  or  blow  of  a  sword)i 


fa^  ^an  naftihi  didd  darhdt  anayf. 
Parsimonious,  ,^^ja^^hdkh\l,   SeeFrugaL 

Parsimoniously  (covetously),  J.:»ar  ^c  yj 
'  hinaw^  hakhll. 

Parsimoniousness,  parsimony  (frugality), 
3^  haihul,  cJL^f    im$dk.      And 


practiae  the  endanng  roirit  of  the  resolute, 
and  the  forbearance  of  the  discreet  and  pro- 
Yident;  aToid  the  weakness  of  hasty  impa^ 
tience^  and  let  an  easy  temper  be  thy  habit  of 
mind ;  retain  thy  dirhems  with  prudent  fru- 
gality, and  season  liberality^  with  parsimonv, 
neither  fastening  thy  hand  tightljrto  thy  neck, 
nor  yet  opening  it  out  to  its  widest  extent. 

Parsley,  ^^^tXAJ  hakdnnis. 
Parsnip  or  carrot,  ^.j^  jatar. 
Part,  «.  (piece,  portion),  hiai  kat^i. 
See  Share,  Portion,  Lot. — (share,  lot, 

portion),  ^d».  hii$ah,  JUmJ  kismat; 
(business,  duty),  ^}a^  ^amal,^\  amr^ 

loT^^  tnaslahat.  See  Action,  Conduct. 
— (side,  party),  uJ^  taraf,  i^^l^- 
jdnib.  The  best  part  of  anything, 
LUs;^  khuldiot.  The  third  part  (of 
anything),  vjJJ  ndt.  The  fourth 
part,  ^j  ruh^  The  fifth  part,  ^^MUkt^ 

khusHi,  From  every  part,  J.^^^ 
k.^l>-  mtn  kol  Jdnib.  The  forepart, 
j*\^  9adr.  See  Fore,  Front,  First. — 
The  latter  part,  jj>A  dkhir.  See 
Latter,  Hinder.  —  In  whole  and  in 

part,  i^j^-^  lJ^  ^^  min  koUi  wajm'i. 
Parts  (Acuities,  abiUties),  cJljOt  tdrdk, 
Ji£  ^akl,  l^\ji  fardsat ;  (quarters, 
r^ons),  imJ\j9\  atrdf,  ^Jlil  akdllm. 


PAB 


(864) 


PAB 


Ci^Ui^  mamdlii.    See  Coantry,  Dis- 
trict.— ^In  every  part,  i--^l>-  J^t<* 
ft  koljdnib. 
Part,  V.  (divide,  share),  mm3  kaaam ;  (to 

separate,  disunite),   ^Ssi  kata^,  ^ 

farak,  i^^  final.  To  part  (be  sepa- 
rated), J«diil  infiual;  (to  take  fare- 

well),  c  J^  iffodda^.  Partible  (divisible), 
jI^II  ^jLt>^  mumkinaltftirdkf  AM.flr.j 
ffutakatiam. 

Partake,  v.  (to  have  share  in  anything), 
A^  j^l  akhad  hissahy  LL^ll  ihoHk. 
See  Participate. 

Partaker,  «.  ^..o^dd  /a^  AmmA,  dcLt 
it^»«  oiKAtiff  hdtsahy  CS^jia  tharik, 
cl^LuL«  mfM^driiJ^.    See  Partner. 

Partaking,  uSijJ^  shaikh.  See  Par- 
ticipant. 

Parted,  ^.*.:.A^  muktoiamf  (J^ji^  fna- 
fimk,  ^y  muwasua^.  See  Divided, 
Separated. 

Parterre,  b.  i^^j  rawdat,  ifOjj  stfri^a^. 

Partial  (inclined  to  favour  one  side), 
^jk^muffhrid;  (not  universal),  ^joli>- 

khds,  ^^y^ji^  ghaifr  ^nmftml. 
Partiality,  i^ji'  gkaradiyat 
Partially,  l^jS>  J^  hikol  gharadiyat, 
Participable  (capable  of  being  shared  ^r 

participated),  iij\J^\  ^C«b^  mumkin 

al  mushdrakat,  ^luUj\  JjU  kdhU  al 

muihdrakat. 
Participate,  v,  <Ua>-  J^i  €Mm  husat, 

CSij^J^  *dr  tharik,  i]r^luu^J««x 

^mal  muskdrakat.    See  Share. 
Participation,  cJ};::^)^  Mi^^tirSib.  To  give 

a  participation, 

it 
hissah,  fja>a^  hosMU. 

Participle  active,  s.  JfiUSl  f^\  wn  al 


^--\   a^ta' 


/a^,  A  participle  passive^  JyiLil'A^^ 
wff>  al  mqf^. 
Particle,  «.  ijJ  tarrai  or  dtrnt,  i 
particle  (part  of  speech),  i^j>  isfj 
(pL  uJ^y>-  hurof).  A  conjuKt^f 
particle,  i^JlaJiSl  <— i^  A«/  oJ  jf' 
^jMMirJl  uJ^  Aof/o^to/Hr.  Aptrtis 
of  action,  JxUIl  J^  j\  addt  alfiS  i 
vocative  particle,  tjoll  (— i^  ^^ 

Particular  (not  general),  ^yos^  ■«• 

mfiml;  (single,  individual),  JJ> 
mu/rad;  (odd,  whimsiGal),  u^ 
^0;t5 ;  (uncommon),   jlix^^  fU* 

Singular,  Strange. 
Particular,  «.  (anything  belonging  toe 
individual),  ^^yoii^  khuiAA,  ^f>\ 

khusHitffat;  (an  individual),  ^^ 
skakhs,  Jji  ford.  See  PenoiL-'' 
single  point,  thing,  or  instsDoe].  .•' 
fixrd;  (a  minute  detail),  J^^saJ  Ur 

Particularity  (something  peculiar)  ij> 
khduat,  L^y<  khmUi^ai;  [^^ 
viduaUty),  ij\jji  farddn^^. 

Particularize,  particulate  (mention^] 
tinctly),  J^.ai'Jb  -.^  BkarahhUi^' 


Particularly  (distinctly),  lj.afi7  (<!/H#i 


fiusakm ;  (peculiarly),  litfj.a>-  i^i*** 
«an,  d^\£>^  khdsatan;  {extremdj],^^^ 
hi  ghdyat,  lAi.  gkdgai,  Sj\>i\  iMj^' 
gat  alghdyat. 
Partisan,  «.  ^^  harlMU.  See  Halberi 
Javelin,  Pike. — (an  adha«it)»  Jr*; 

^^/^^ ;  (a  commander  of  a  party),  ^. 
^Uac  r«yyM  ^iM&a#. 
Partition  (division),  <U,>m^  Mmw^i  «r^ 


PAS 


(855) 


FAS 


takAm,  ^Jyi  iawa^  See  Distribu- 
tion.—The  partition  of  an  inheritance. 
i^\j^\  A\MCj\'iJUis&malmlrd$.  The 

fee  to  a  judge  for  determining  a  parti- 
tion of  inheritance,  44mJ}\  m^j  ratm 
al  kismat;  (separation),  j]^  ftrdk, 
J\j:j\  ifiirdk,  JLii/l  infUal  A  par- 
tition (wall,  etc.),  Jj\i  fdrik,  4^1^ 
hij'dh 
artition,  v.  (diridebj  a  wall,  etc.),  amJ 

huam,  wlaS  kata^.     Sec  Divide. 
'artl7(in8omemea8are),  LijSj  takrihan. 

artner,  s,  C^jJii  tharikf  CSJ^tt^  mtf- 

%har%k, 

artnership,  ii\jL  shardkat,  KjJ^  »kir' 

kctt,  vJ|/^\  Uhtirdk,  S^j\L^  mmhd- 

rathat.     To  be  in  partnership,  jL^ 

i^jijj^  adr  iharik. 

artridge,  s.  J^  hajal, 

»rty,  Ji//tfrfij(dual,  ^^y/drtilfi). 

A  party  or  select  assembly,  (^/J^ 

^\s>^  fnaflu  Jshd9\  (side),  ^^Jo  taraf, 

k^^\s^jdnib.  [mulaiffwan. 

irty-colonred,  ^jlc^  mutdlawmn,  ^^^ 

irty-man,  s,  <— ^  l^-^%>-Li0  sdhibtaraf, 

irty-wall,  «.  ^li  L»»-  hayt  kdti^ 

lachal,  15*^  /fl«Al. 

sa«  17.  (go  forward,  by,  or  throngh)» 
^.^..^J^  J  %ah(dt ;  (to  cross  over  or  through 
i  river,  etc.),  ^  ^abar,j^  mar,  Ji) 
tqfad;  (to  be  at  an  end),  ^jp>:^j\^ 

\dr  muntahU  To  depart  this  life, 
JUS\  \xb  ^  J^^  tr^M  min  JuM 
U  ^lam.  See  Die. — To  pass  a  law, 
til^>  kakam,   f^^  <Aara^.     To  pass 

lentenoe,  Jl>-  lJoaI  ^t^'  Mbi,  f;^ 
t^»ra&.  To  pass,  pass  by,  pass  orer 
^omit),  fjjp  iarai,  ^^^  hmS.     See 


Neglect — ^To  pass  (allow,  admit,  op- 

prove)>  ^jM^  taJuutan,  JJ  IcsbeL  To 

pass  upon,   ^^L^-  (J"*^    ^nuU  hlM. 

To  pass  for  (personate  another),  J>tx 

aSU^  ^ama/  Ad&rAo.  I  got  up  imme- 
diately, and  followed  her  until  she  had  left  the 
palace,  and  passed  through  the  streets  of  the 

city,  andarrivedatthecity  gates,  ur-'v^Ai 

Pass,  «.  (narrow  road  or  passage),  aii^ 

manfad;    (of   a  mountain),   ^->^5^ 

^arkuh. 
Passable  (possible  to  be  passed),  ^2;Ci^ 

jyffi]  mutnkin  ai  ^Hr ;  (supportable), 

jlscu  yatahammd.     See  Tolerable, 

Allowable,  Popular. 
Passage  (road,  etc.),  ^^)o  tarlk.    See 

Way,  Ferry. — (journey),  jL»  sa/ar. 

A  passage  in  a  book,  JU/s  mukdl, 

Passed  over  (neglected),  ,<A»*i*«  mtiMa' ; 

(forgiven),  ^jyJu*  magh/ur  hho. 

Passenger,  «.yLu«  musdjir,  (JiJ^^j^^ 

^dhir  attofik,  J>-|;  rdhU,  J--**J1^U 
^a^tV  atsabJL  See  TraTeUer*— -I  then  arose, 
and  found  not  in  the  place  a  human  being  nor 
~  ill 


a  Jinnee.    The  yessel  had  gone  with  the  pas 

sengers,  and  not  one  of  them  remembered  me, 

neiuer  any  of  the  merchants  nor  any  of  the 

sailors;  so  they  left  me  on  the  island,  ^ 

Passing,  part^jXc'  ^hir. 

Passion  (opposed  to  action),  JUaj^  in* 
fi^h  ^/^^  4/^  Aot^a'  anMf$*  See 
Qrief,   Soixow,  Anger,  Bage,  Love, 


PAS 


(856) 


PAT 


LuBti  Desire,  Hatred,  Malicei  etc. — 

Witboat  passion  {or  anger),  i^^dr  h 

hdd  ghadah.  The  passions  of  the  mind, 

XjLyiJ  ^\j^^  aghrddnafidniyat.  The 

passions  of  lore,  ^jJ^jiS  t^yt  hawd  ai 
lishk.  And  on  his  hearing  these  her  words, 
his  reason  was  captiTated  by  his  passion  for 
her ;  his  love  for  her  increased,  and  he  conld 

not  withhold  himself  from  her,  UJi 

Passionate  (prone  to  anger),  l^^^aJ. 
ghaduh,  ^U^^  l<*^  ^^^  ^  mizdj. 

Passionately  (angrilj),  <U4^  Jxj  Msol 
hammiyat;  (with  strong  desire),  J^ 
L^j  hikol  rughhat, 

Passover,    ^^\  Jufi   ^d  al  fash,  Oux 

j^\  ^d  al  kahir. 
Passive  (unresisting),  J^i^^U  mutaham- 
m%l,  Jjbluu/*  muadhil.    See  Patient. — 
A  passive  verb,  Jy^  ma/'^il/,  J^f«=^ 

Passively,  ^^-m^^  J-^os?  Ji^  5iA»/  toAam- 
mu/  wa$abr.     See  Patiently. 

Pasefiveness,  Jaios^  tahammul,  j»^  8abr. 

See  Patience,  Submission. 
Passport,  s.  ci^Lyj  patdport 
Past  (not  present,  gone),  ,<«^U  mdcft, 

uJlLi  «d/i/,  Ajis^  mtUakaddm,  J^^Lj 

Past,  a.  J^^UmII  assdhik,  ,c«^U]l  almddl. 
Things  that  are  past,  cjill^  sawdUf, 
(ji^^  iawdhik.  Those  who  are  past 
(predecessors),  ^^^A&ull  almutakad- 
dimln. 

Past  (beyond,  above),  jfy  /fficrib.    Past 

hope,    Jj^Ull  j^  /au^it  al  mdmul. 
Past  ability  (of  doing  anything),  i^JJL 


Md  hudrat,  2^  lb  hUa  huwoL  Pa^ 
all  danger,  ^^  lb  Ms  ibUlsr.  The 
participle  pasty    J|ytLaS^  m^  urn  &' 

Paste,  ijii^^^  hhamlrat.  See  Leaves.- 
(flour  and  water  for  pasting),  ^ 
^tfin.  To  make  paste,  ^^^  ^fA 
To  paste  or  fasten  with  paste,  J.s 
toai^.     See  Glue. 

Pastime,  '^J^  tafofrvj.  See  Amnx- 
ment,  Diversion,  Play.  [Giaae. 

Pastor,  *.  ^'j  ra^i.     See  Shepherd, 

Pastoral,  2fU^  ^^^m\m  man^^h  lilnJk 
See  Bural,  Eustic. 

Pastry,  ^2JiJB^'  djLLc^  iyt»il/«^a<  i^fito. 
CdLi^mw*  ma3«^S^ ;  (confectioo8y\ 
LL^LLsr^  OTiiA/^d^.  A  pastry  cook  («r 
confectioner),  (J^j^  haiwdnl. 

Pasturable  (proper  for  pasture),  ^^ 

Pasture,   pasturage  (grounds),   ^^^ 

Pasture,  pasturing,  i^j^  nuaria^ 

Pasture,  v.  (feed  as  cattle),  ^_  ^^  <■  c<[«^; 

(to  feed  cattle  on  pasture  ground  • 

^j  ra^\  [Fit,  Opportnae. 

Pat  (exact,  suitable),  ^S  foyti.    See 

Pat,  <^.  (strike  gently),  ^j^  dmrai,  yjt^ 

tabhash. 
Patch,  i.  (on  a  garment,  eto.)y  ^j  f^' 

^ah.  To  patch  (a  garment),  WjfwUfc^ 
Pate,  ^j  rd».    See  Head.  [eSUt- 

Patent  (open,  public),  ^l^  ^y*i9j>^ 
Patent,  <.  u^;i  ^rmdit,  i^*\jS  hvwti, 

jyi*:^  mamhAr  (pi.  -f<&U^  mmndA\f^ 
The  royal  signet  on  letters  pi^ffit. 

Patentee,  <•  ^Ji  U^  /orm^iift,  ^J^jt^  *•• 


PAT 


(857) 


PAV 


Paternal,  i^^\  ahawi.  Paternal  auoees-. 
sion,  i^\;i^  mlrdi.     See  Heritage. 

?ath,  i.  (Jijff  tarik.  A  path  which  has 
no  thoronghfare,  Jlax^  alU  mdlaho 
manfad.     See  Bead,  Street,  Tract. 

Pathetic,  ^Jj  lah^h,  „g^  muhayyij, 
.Pathetically,  i^f«  #f  ^^  hinaw^  tnuhay- 
yij.  To  teach  pathetically,  ^^^o^o;. 

^atheticabiess,  (^/auJI  .^f^-^ff^  tahylj  on- 
naft.     See  Pathetic, 
^athway,  #.  (Jijb  tarlk.     See  Path. 

*&tience,  j^  sahr,  fJ^^^ssTiahiMnmul.  To 

have  patience,  j^  iahar.    See  Patient. 

— ^My  patience  haa  failed,  and  my  diaqnietode 
ia  exoesdre;  immense  is  my  wailing  since 
your  absence,  and  I  became  infirm  and  in- 
valid I  I  take  God  to  witness,  tbat  your 
separation  made  me  lose  my  patience !  And 
how  coold  I  hare  patience  to  endnre  the  loss 
of  the  object  of  my  hope  P  After  the  loss  of 
my  beloTed,  how  could  I  delight  in  sleep  P 
And  who  is  he  that  can  find  pleasure  and  de- 
light in  a  life  of  abasement  ?  JJ  jaI 

atient,^  l.^  idhir,  j^  tabur ;  (in  gram- 
mar), Jyu^  maf^iU.     To  be  patient, 
fjAo^  tahammal,j^  sabar. 
atient,  9.  (person  indisposed),  ^^j^ 
nuxrid,  JJlc  ^aill. 

atiently,^^  Jij  hitol  sahr,jf^  htiohr, 
atly,  Uj)  Idyian,  St  .M  v  ^  JJ[j  hlkol 
fnwtdsabat,  ^LJ  J^  hikol  laydtat 
See  Fitly,  Opportunely, 
^triarch,  Cj^Jia)  hoMark  (pL  S^jWaj 
batdrakai). 

fttriarohate,  i^J^  hahrahiyai. 
itrimoiual,<^^jl^»Miwra«,  JX«  mifttf • 


Patrimonial  possessions,  i^^jy  Jtt 
mdlmauniU* 
Patriot,  9.  ^Jo^\  \^^f^  muhih  al  waUm. 

Patriotism,  ^^1  l,^'^-  h»hh  al  watan. 
Patrol,  9.  (night  watch),  JJJl  {j*ij^ 

hdri9  al  layl,  ^^^mmc  ^mm. 
Patron,  «.  ^^j\^  hdri9.    See  Protector. 
Patronage,  ^Uk>^  hmdyat,  ij  L^  9aydinaU 

See  Protection,    Guardianship.  —  To 

Pat«.m«..  ^^^  hamcf. 

Patroness,  A.d;U.  kdruaL 

Pattern,  9.  jJa^m^  nuutarat.    [Scarcity. 

Paucity,  ^  kiHat,  /^d^  ^adam.    See 

Pave,  LL  hdllat.  And  the  party  entered 
a  passage,  payed  with  marble,  upon  the  sides 
of  which  were  curtains,  whereon  were  figured 
Tarious  wild  beasts  and  birds  of  gold  and 
silver,  and  their  eyes  were  of  pearls  and  ja« 
cinths ;  whosooTer  beheld  them  was  perplexed, 

jyc  Ifel*  jJ]^  jJjbol!  ti<l  J  u-Jlyr 

Pavement,  9.  L)b  haUiU 

Paver,  pavier,  DL*  mubaUiL 

Pavilion,  A4>.*jv  khaymat  (pi.  ^»*£^  tiii- 

yam\  A^  Jthiydm.     See  Tent. 

Pauper,  «.  ^.g^CyM.^  mMitin,^^.^^  /alfr. 
See  Poor  man.  Beggar. 

Pause  (stop),  LJ3y  tawaktuf.  See  In- 
terval, Intermission,  Delay.  —  (sus- 
pense), i^J^  9hubhat,  (JX&  9hakj  Mji 
iaraddud.  See  Hesitation,  Doubt. — 
To  pause  (make  a  stop),  c^  J  tawai' 
kaf,  uju^  wekef;  (to  hesitate),  JJy 
taToddudm 

Pawn,  9.  ^j^j  rahn.  See  Pledge. — ^A 
pawn  at  chess,  j  «XJ  haydak. — ^To  pawn 
or  give  in  pawn,  ^jibj  rahan.      " 


FEA. 


(858) 


PED 


Todeem  a  pawn^  ^jibj\  {^S^fal  amrahn. 

For  if  they  would  pawn  me,  and  my  know- 
ledge with  me,  and  all  my  hoolu  and  mk-caae 
too,  for  one  day's  food»  the  pledge  will  he 
dedined,  and  this  will  giye  hirth  to  the  moet 
oontemptihle  aoconnU  against  my  credit  and 

decorum,  J^,  ^  ^j^^  dy^J  ^ 

Pawned,  ^jfj^murtahan,  ^^^J^marhun, 

A  pawner,  ^\j  rdMn. 
Pay,  V.  jJ J  dafa^,  M^  wafd.     To  pay 

wages,  ii^\  «JJ  dafa^  al  ^lufai^ 
Taj,  ii^  ^fdufat.   See  Wagee,  Pension, 

Stipend,  Hire.— Monthly  pay,  i-J^U 

mdhiyat. 
Payable,  \Si\  i-^^^^  «^a;*  alida,  jLt^ 

\i^\  mumhm  dl  wafil. 
Pay-day,  ^jJ\  z*^  yaum  addaf^ 
Payer,  %.  (of  debts,  etc.),^^ji^  jJl  J  d&fi^ 

addayn. 
Payment,  1  j\  ida,  \i^  wafa. 

Pea,  peas,  b.  ^joa^^  hummm. 

Peace,  ^  sidh.  See  Quiet,  Content, 
Amity,  Silence. — A  treaty  of  peace, 
J^\  JAc  ^kd  dl  itdh,  i^Lx*  mtud- 
Idhatf  IjJbU^  mu^ahadat.  The  peace 
of  GK)d,  i^\  fX^  saldm  dlah.  Peace  be 
with  him,  fXJi\  ^uLc  ^alayhi  assaldm. 
To  make  peace,  }^ ^y,^£^  ^amal  mlh.  To 

renew  peace,  J^\  JJa^jaddadalsulh. 
To  sue  for  peace,  J^\  w^  talahiUBulh, 
To  infringe  the  peace,  ^*^l  j^U*  ihdn 
asstdh.  To  observe  the  articles  of  peace, 
J^\  iajU-2»  ^Ji  rfi^fl'  shardyit asiulh. 
J^\^^jJ^ ^J\^ idn shurUt a»8ulh.  And 

he  said,  Praise  he  to  God,  who  has  favoured 
me  with  the  things  that  I  desired  I  First  the 
end  of  the  war;  second  the  conclusion  of 
peace,  and  the  pre?ailing  of  rest  and  peace- 


folness, ^  ^  ^^\  ^\*u^\iJ^) 

Peace-mak^,  «.  JLa«  mvtaUk    m 

Mediator. 
Peach,  s.  ti]ji^  durrdhih. 
Peacock,  «.  ^j*^  iawu»^  or  {ju^^  ^ 

w^  (pi.  {j^^^^o  tawdu^y    A  gnc 

peacock,  y.as;^l  ^j*^^  idum  aWir. 
Peak,  «.  (top  of  a  hiU),  J^\  u^\j^ 

oj^abaL    See  Summit,  Point 
Peal,  «.  (of  thunder),  *^j  ra^d\  * 

bells),  JJia'^  tantanat. 
Pear,  ».  ^jolacT'  fi^d$y  ^\afr  JWj^Swi 
Pearl, ».  jS^  te/u.    A  large  or  royal  pesi 

--Ul  ijt)  ift«rra<  aWfi;.     Beneath  »k 

hiid  was  a  net  of  brilliant  peaii%  J*- 
OTer  a 'fountain;  and  by  the  brink  ««^ 
fountain  was  placed  a  condi  adoned  t:^ 

pearls  and  jewels  and  jacinths,  c^< 

Peasant,  «.  ^li  >teA,  ^Jj  wn^  * 

Countryman. 
Pebble,  «.  Ls^  &wa. 
Peck,  V.  (as  a  bird),  />  nofar.     [i* 
Pectoral  (belonging  to  the  breast),  ijj^ 
Peculiar  (appropriate,  not  comxnca  '• 

aU),  jo\o^  hhdi,  ^y^^  •w*^ 

Peculiarly,  i^\6^  hkdmyaU  Vr*^ 

hhmilnyat,  £^U-  hh&9sat* 
Peculiarity, 'U^.fl:i*  *^fi*<»,  \^f> 

khususiyan,  Xi^l>*  kkdsMUm. 
Pecuniary  (relating  to  money),  i/^ 

nakdl.  [See  SchoolB»58f 

Pedagogue,  Jij\  aU^  mn^iiflus  «m>' 
Pedal,  Ji>jl\  ijiflic  yni^^  «rry*t 


PEN 


(859) 


PEN 


Pedant,  9.  tS^sf^  nakuot,  uie  -a  ImXr 
ghaUhak.  \rijl  al  ^wiMd. 

Pedestal, «.  (base  of  a  piIlar)yJ^USl(^j 

Pedicle,  jL  adL     See  Stalk. 

Pedigree,  k^^uj)  nasab  (pL  c^lujf  on- 
idh),  J^\  (pi.  J^l  umJ),  Jw  luw/ 
(pi.  JLjI  antdQ. 

Peel,  v.^^Aui  koihar. 

Peel  (rind),  ^  m/ojU,^  ibi«^. 
Peep,  V.  ^  lamah,  Jaj  naitar,  Ixs)  laha/g. 

See  Look,  Glance,  Inspect 
Peep,  «.  (sly  look),  ^  hmh,  Isi^  km* 

hat,  ^^^^  lamahdn,  SJoj  tuarat    See 

Glance.  [Companion,  Nobleman. 

Peer,  s,  (eqoal),  ^j\a^  muk&rin.     See 

Peerless  (unequalled),  ^Joi  ^U  tndlaho 

nazlr,  J^-*!^  Jl!L«  mdlaho  moBll^j^ 

Peevish,  ^U^t  tX>-  hadd  almhdj^(m^yai 

Peg, «.  Jjj  watad  (pL  jlJ^I  (itr^di),^Uhu^ 
fTiiMmdr  (pl.^^Luw«  ffuwamlr). 

Pelf,  JU  mdJ.    See  Wealth,  Eiches. 

Pelican,  «.  ^j  rahkm^  ul/^  (^^  *^^ 
Ju^dn.  [Clear,  Transparent. 

Pellacid,  uJll&  Bhafftif.     See  Bright, 

Pellucidness,  ^iLl  shafdfat.  See  Bright- 
ness. 

Pen,  8.  Ji  ^<i/!»m. 

Penal,  i^'|;5r>«ki'f,  ^^^  ^iidhl.  Pe- 
nal laws,  J^ Jk>-  kudud,  X^c^mJI  «3^  Jls)I 
a/  A«i&<^  ashthar^yat,  CjJll\  J^A»- 
hudud  ashihar^ 

Penalty,  *.  i*J^  jarimat,  i^]^  ghard" 

mat.     See  Fine,  Mulct,  Punishment. 
Penance  (chastisement),  c^lj^  ^mdb^ 
c^Ua  ^«£di,  ^jA£  ^Mtaio^. 

Pencil,  f.  ^l^  J^  iafam  ra%di^ 

Pendency,  ^J-Am  to^2i£;   (suspense  or 


delay  of  legal  decision),  S^^  jt'^^ 
tdkhlr  at  hukm. 
Pendent,  pendulous,  ^J^ms^  muta^aUik. 

Pending  (not  yet  decided),  ij  ^if^s^j^ 

ghagr  mahkam  hthi. 
Penetrable,  3yt:l\^jLt^  mumkin  al  nufa%f 

jJi\si\  Jjl3  kdba  attdflr.  [/tts. 

Penetrability,  J^\  ^^^  imkdn  dl  nu* 
Penetrant,penetrating,penetrative  (pierc- 
ing, entering  into),  jiU  ttdfis. 

Penetrate  (pierce),  jJu  nafn,  ^J^ii 
dakM.  See  Bore^  Enter. — (to  reach 
the  meaning,  inspect  narrowly),  ^^yf^\ 

am^f  ilfjdS  adraky  ^^  fehem.     See 

Comprehend,  Conceirei  Understand.  Then  I 
penetrated  into  the  densest  of  the  crowd,  to 
Know  what  was  bringing  forth  their  tears! 

Penetrating  (inspecting),  ^jx^  muiiali^. 

Penetrating,  penetratiye  (acute),  ^/^ 
M^\  sari^  alfahm.     See  Discerning. 

Penetration  (into  anything),  Jyu  nii/us, 
j^\jtd»lr(jA.(JD\jJj\j  tdHrdt);  (acute- 
ness),  Li\j3jirdsiUf  Jac  ^kl,  M^fahrn^ 
C^\jS\  idrdk. 

Peninsula,  b,  ijijs^  jmlrat.  The  penin- 
sula of  Arabia,  c-jyJI  ijijp^jaurat  al 
^ab. 

Penitence,  X«\jJ  naddmat,  htj»  tawbat, 

(wola'lj  taoBBaf.    See  Eepentance. 
Penitent,  penitential,  /%jU  nddim,  ^Ujj 

nadmdn.     To  be  penitent,  i*  JJ  nedem. 
Penitent,  b.  uXj'Ii^  muiaoBBif,  a  jU  nd- 

dm.  [ianadduman. 

Penitently,  iuljcj  bi  naddmat,   UxJ 
Penknife,  «.  ^\j:^  kalamtrdBh, 
Penman,  <.  (fine  writer),  ^U  i^l^ 


PEP 


(860) 


PER 


muaan- 


iata  mahir ;  (author), 

m/.     See  Writer. 
Penny-royal  (herb),  j2^«-»  ia^tar. 
Pension,  «.  ii^  ^ufat,  |^^  ma^sh. 
Pension,  v.  i^  ^  J*  ^amal  laho  ^n/at 
Pensioner,  pensionary,  s.  iiju  <d  laho 

^Ufat,  ^  Jx  L.;^^»-U  sahib  ^nfaL 
Pendve,  jJi'l::^  m%Uaammil,^JC^  muta- 

fakhir.     See  Thoughtful,  Melancholy, 

Mournful. 
Pensively,^^  hifikr.    See  Mournfully. 

Pensiveness,^/^,  J^*Ij  taammul. 
Pent,  pent  up,  JumJ^  mumad^  «3^jyuuw« 

masdud,  j;i«^^  munghalik.    See  Shut. 
Pentagon,  «.  ^^^**Aif*  mukhammas. 
Pentagonal,  pentangular   (having    five 

sides  and  angles),  \j»tA<^'^  mukhammas. 
Pentateuch,  «.  hjy  tawriyat^  iJ^yJl  al 

tawrdh. 
Pentecost,  ^^j*»u*4^\  Juc  ^Id  al  kharnHnf 

J^juaSl  Ju£  ^d  asm^. 
Penurious,  jJseT  hakhil  See  Niggardly. 
Penuriously,  JsTj^^  J^  hikolshtMin 

wa  hukhl, 
Penuriousness,  Ja^  hukhl. 
Penury,  ^U^iiy-^  lA^q;,  ilS  kiUat.    See 

Poverty,  "Want,  Indigence. 

People,  jU^  ifeA«?*  (pi.  cfell^  khatdifik), 
A^y  kaum  (pi.  j»|^\  a^a»»),  Awlt  Wy- 
/a^  (pi.  <— w^^  iawaf/if),  e--^*-2*  »Aa^i 
(pi.  c,,.y^  thu^Hh).  People  of  various 
nations,  iilii^  *— ^\j^  tavoayif  mukh- 
talifat.  The  common  people,  j%^^ 
^jmUSI  ^ttu^am  anndt«,  <u\x  ^amma^. 
See  Commonalty,  Populace. 

Peopled,  j^.«jt/«  ma^Hr.  \,falfal. 

Pepper,  Jili  fulfid.    To  pepper,  Jili 

Peppermint,  waju  na^^.     See  Mint. 


Peradventure,  JJ  to^«/-    See  Peihips; 

aUo  Doubt,  Question.       [^^  ^ol  no. 
Perambulate,  i;.  (walk  through),  ci;lj 
Perambulation,  j^  ^uHir,^^--*  »^fr. 
Perceive,  v.  CSj*^\  adrak,  ^fohem.  See 

Understand,  See,  Hear,  Eiiow,  Obeefn 
Perceived,  a^ju^  ma^umy  |%jf&^  majkim. 

PerceptibiUty,  s:J\j*SI\  IIjM  k&mfd 
a  idrak,  [kdha  al  fdnL 

Perceptible,   perceivable,    cJ\;j3^  J^'-' 

Perceptibly,  perceivably,  \yfcU?  sakkm. 

Perception,  ^'L^ihsds,  k1J\j^\  idril 
^  fahm,  cLcujI  uiimd^j^  hm, 
Jjt  ^Um,     See  Knowledge;  Kotaa, 

Idea. 
Perchance/UUJl  t^(/aJbm.  SeePeritaps. 

Percussion,  ^tW  Mdtnah, 

Perdition,  cJb)  Aotoi^.  See  Bom,  PestL 

—Perdition  catch  thee  !    cli3  Ljl 

ta^n  lah 
Peregrination,^^  »tf/iir,  ^^L^  »yiM 

hjk  ghurhat.     See  Travel. — ^Depct 

from  a  land  i|i  which  thou  art  oppressed,  at 
do  not  feel  miserable  on  account  of  ti^T  ^^ 
ration  from  thy  kindred.  Whoever  is  Ki^  » 
small  estimation  in  the  eyes  of  his  Cunih  tai 
people,  for  him  peregrinatioii  is  bettra'  tkK^ 

remain  in  degradation,  ilCng-.y  J>  * 

Peremptorily,  «J?l5  ^y  hiwt^hm  £aAn 

Utli  ilS^t^an.  See  Positiyely. 
Peremptory,  ^U  iS^t^,  ^\j  116& 
_9Ll  «Ad/l.  See  Dogmatical,  Positre. 
Perennial,  J\o  d&yim.  See  Peipetsil 
Perennity,  fS^Jdawam.  SeePeipetsity 
Perfect,    aUJ  ^tfmom,    aU  ^dai,  J«^' 


PEB 


(861) 


PER 


^iN«::^  mutamnuim.     To  make  perfect, 

^l^  aLibC  ^amaUho  idmtl,  aUJ  A^^c 
^nuUaho  tamdm. 
Perfectioii,  perfectaess,  i*L«Jff   itmdm, 

JU^  kamdL   So  the  King  said  within 

hinuelf,  May  God  be  praiied,  the  Creator  of 
this  danuel !  How  elegant  is  she,  sare  that 
she  does  not  speak !  Bat  perfection  belongeth 
only  unto  God   (whose  name  be  exalted!) 

Perfectly,  JUJj  hihamdl.  See  Exactly, 

Completely. 
Perfidious,  ^\>^  JcMyxn.    A  perfidious 

villain,  yj^y>-  khawwdn.     See  Villain, 

Traitor. 
Perfidiously,  ^U^  ^J^  hikd  khiy&naL 

To  act  perfidiously,  j^lsw  i^». 
Perfidiousness,  perfidy,  i»\^  khiffdnat, 

^«Xx    ^A<»^.      See    Praud,     Deceit, 

Treachery.— Thou  hast  prolonged  a  oonversa- 
tion   that   will  not  procure  thy  liberation. 
Hope  not,  therefore,  for  escane  through  m; 
means;    but   (remember)    reflect   upon    th; 


Hope  not,  therefore,  for  escane  through  my 

fleet   upon    thy 
former  wicked  conduct,  and  the  perfidy  and 


artifice   which  thou   thoughtest  to   employ 
against  me,  gj^[si^\  ^  tJL^jlS\  Jkll 

Perforate,  v.  ^^»)  $akab.  See  Bore, 
Pierce. — And  I  walked  in  that  xalley,  and  be- 
held its  ^ound  to  be  composed  of  diamonds, 
-with  which  they  perforate  minerals  and  je web, 
and  with  which  also  they  perforate  porcelain 
and  the  onyx ;  and  it  is  a  stone  so  hard,  that 
neither  iron  nor  rock  hare  any  effect  upon  it, 

^j\  ^\ji  ^0\^\  C^j  4  w;^.«A^j 


>-l|J, 


Perforated,  L^ml\\^  mutuakib, 

mankuh. 
Perforation,  L^^  s(M» 
Perforator,  s.  (boring  instrument),  i 

maskah.     See  Auger. 
Perforce,  1^  iahran,  \j^jabran.    See 

Force,  Violently. — To  seize  perforce, 

j«jJli  /  ^"-t  meiek  hil  %awr. 

Perform,  v.  ma2  tammam.    And  after  he 

had  been  seated  awhile,  the  Kine  said  to  him, 
Blessed  be  thr  arrival !  Thou  hast  made  us 
desolate  by  thy  absence,  0  beloved  of  the 
heart    "Wnat  is  thy  business,  that  we  may 

perform  it  for  thee  immediately  ?  Uli 

Performance,  J^*£  ^mtii^  J^./^^^>]/r^ 
i^d.  See  Action. — (literary  composi* 
tion),  ^j.\*ai  toinlf,  luJ  \  imhd.  Per- 
formance of  a  promise,  \su\  ifd. 

Performed,  J^a^  fnaf^nl,  ^y^^^y  nuu» 

Performer,  t.  J^U  ^dmU,  Jxli/d^t7, 

^Ltf  9dm^ 
Performing, /Hiff.  ^jsAifd^H, 

Perfume,    j«-fliC  hakhkhUr,    ^U^b^LaTii 

rdyhat  tayhah. 
Perfume,  V'jSi^  hakhkhar. 
Perfumed,  ^;Li^  mu^aUar,j^X^  mubakh' 

ihar.  To  be  perfumed,  Joju  ta^ttar. 
Perfumer,  i.jSac  ^attdr.     The  trade  of 

a  perfumer,  ij^iac  ^atdrat 

Perhaps,    \i\ij\   UUfdkan^   Jjk!   la^Ua^ 

^j>m£  ^a9a\    And  she  said.  It  seems 

tfiat  when  I  was  sitting  at  the  shop  of  the 
merchant,  this  paper  caught  to  me ;  give  it 
me,  therefore,  tnat  I  may  return  it  to  him, 
perhaps  there  is  in  it  some  account  which  he 

wants,  ^l^J  ^  ciJjjull  Jl^  «juJUi 


FEB 


(862) 


PEB 


^u/i^J^  W^' 


Pericardinm,  s.  (the  envelope  of  the 
heart),  l,,^\511  c^l^  hijah  al  halb. 

Pericranium, «.  (membrane  which  covers 
the  skoll),  fj^^*^  tamhaJt, 

Peril,  ^^Lfk-  kJiatar,  iJh\Js,'^  mukhdtarat. 
See  Danger,  Hazard. 

Perilous,  Jass^  mtdhtir,  uJj.sr^  mu- 

khawwif.    See  Dangerous. 

Perilously,  ^^aasT  hi  khatar. 

Period,  s.  (round  of  time,  circle  of  years, 
days,  etc.),  j^J  dawr  (pl.j^jjl  adwar); 
(time),  t:^j  wakt,  ^Uj  mimdn,  J^ 
^ahd;  (a  fall  sentence),  ^^lA^jumlat; 
(conclusion),  Aaj  tamdtn,  L\^  nahd- 
yat.     See  End.  [wa  ahwdr. 

Periods  or  cyclesof  years, j^^ljjljjWwar 

Periodical,  (^j^^  J  e^irt^arf.  See  Circular. 

Periodically,  ^y  nawlatan,  etc. 

Periosteum,  «.  (membrane  that  covers 

the  bones),  ^y^  dari^,         [ference. 

Periphery,  J^lj  dayraL     See  Circum- 

Periphrasis  (circumlocution),  aK!1  jfjlit 

ifddat  al  hddm, 
Pezipneumony     (inflammation    of    the 

lungs),  hJS  cl;1  J  %dt  arriyah. 

Perish,  v.  il^ljb  heleh.     See  Die,  Eot, 

Decay. — ^And  there  died  us  of  every  day  two, 
till  a  great  multitude  of  us  had  perished.  So 
when  I  saw  that  destruction  had  entered  our 
dwellings,  and  had  alighted  among  us,  and 

drowned  us  in  the  sea  of  death  .  .  .  jLoi 

^r^  LT^  J^"^  C^  J-^  l^  <^r4 

Perishable,  JjIj  %dy%l,  JljjjJl  JjU  UHl 


osssutwdL     See  Erail.  [ai  kkL 

Perishableness,  Ui/and,  liJI  aJ^  ^im 

Peritoneum  (a  membrane  which  eDd<sa 
the  bowels),  JflLJI  a99ifsk. 

Peijury, jjj  ssilr,  t-^jl^  <i>^^J^>-  **^ 
hdub.  [kikok. 

Perjure  one's-self,  r.  j3p V  <— ^  ^ 
Peijured,  i^i^J^s^  stfiAmnM. 
Permanence,  permanency,  i*Li  jbjrdfl,li: 

lakd^  CjLj  «a5a^.         (^See  P^petssL 

Permanent,  Liu^lJ^a^V,  jASM^^fMBAsasf. 

Permanently,    tftj\j  ddynum. 
Permeable  (possible  to  be  passed  thioQgll 
3Jci\  JjlS  kdhil  al  nufiiz,         [iJassL 

Permissible,    ^W-ll  u^^^o^^t^   ti?djik  <i 

Permission,  ij\^^  ijd%at,  K.^s>-j  miiafiS- 

^jl  «m.     By  the  divine  permisaflK. 

^Uj  Jills  j^\»  hi  amr  aUak  Ukok' 

JU;  i]\\  ^jb  hi  m  o^A  <«^d& 

Then  we  will  bid  her  farewi^  and  I  rl 
return  with  thee ;  for  I  fear  that  if  I  Uxkt" 
and  went  without  her  permission,  she  «»•• 
be  incensed  against  me,  and  she  wonld  beii^ 


Permit, V.  Jjla*-^  i^ae^  aj<«*  ifSsat, ^ 

«s»,  ^^*^  tamah. 

Pernicious,  j»a^  mudir. 

Perniciously,  5j0a^  ^jiJ  hikal  madantt. 

Pemiciousness,^^  darary  ijmA^  madm< 
Peroration  (conclusion  of  an  on&t 

l%K!\  JUjIsL  khdUnua  al  hOdm. 

Peipendicular  line,  «•  iij°*   ,  t  }a^  l&r 

Perpeadicolary  iX4ju«  mu^mnmad. 


PER 


(86S) 


PEE 


erpendicalarljy    1j^4£  ^omiliafi. 
erpetrate,  v.  (a  crime),  u,.XT^1  irtiiab. 
erpetratioiiy  4-^l^^\  irtikdb, 

eipetual,  j^\jd€iym,  ^jcum^  miM^m^tmy 

t^x«^  ftffffki^,  (^«^^  oioi^.  See 
Eternal,  Continual,  Permanent,  Peren- 
nial. 

erpetuallji  Ujt  J  ddt/man,  /^^j^\  ^J^ 
cala^  addawdm,  Aii\  mAj  dayim  al 
ayydm.  See  Always,  Constantly,  Con- 
tinually, Incessantly. 

erpetuate,r.  mAj  iLkc  ^amaiaho  dayim^ 
\,aZmx^  Ax^  ja^alaho  mustamirran, 
/»jj  daiffwam.  [timrdr. 

erpetaation,  perpetuating,  j\jAS,J\  m- 
erpetnity,  a^^J  dawdm,  ^mJ  datom^ 
j\jAS^\  istimrdr,  Uj  hakd,  CjLj  sahdt. 
erplex,  «•  (distract  the  mind),  yjkii 
JUi  ihag'hghdl  d  hdl,  j^  hayyar, 

iiiJ^  shawwash.  See  Pazzle,  Plague, 
Torment,  Vex. — (to  make  intricate, 
coafonnd),  \As>-  khdaU  See  Inyolve, 
Confuse. 

>rplexed  (intricate),  jLuL^  mushakkal, 
t^^Mj^  mushawicathf  Vil'^  mukhtalitf 
'-•--^  mtf to^iMMr.  Perplexed  in  mind, 
j^l-jd-  hayrdn.  See  Irresolute,  Doubt- 
ful.— To  be  perplexed,  j^|^-.>-jLtf  «5r 

hayrdn,  ^li^l  t^^dr.     Then  the  King 

was  perplexed  at  hu  ritnation  and  in  great 
fear,  on  discoTering  that  the  coming  of  thia 
army  waa  on  account  of  this  young  man, 


^cA-^' 


rplexedly,  ij^^  JCj  hikol  hlrat.    See 

Lntricately. 

rplexedness,  perplexedly,  LL^  Uo/^, 


^Jujytli  iashwUh,  Perplexity  or  dis- 
traction of  mind,  i^\Jx^\  idtirdh. 

Persecute,  v,  jl^ki^l  tttahdd.  See  Tor- 
ment, Importune, 

Persecuted,  J^^k^  muttahad. 

Persecution,  Jd?  stJm,  ol^k.^!  Utihdd. 

Persecutor,  «.  «X^k^  muttahid. 

PerseTerance,  persistence,  iJ^\y  mu- 
todzdbat,  ^j\X9  muddwamat  See 
Assiduity. — Perseyerance  in  anything 
bad,  i^^t  iirdr. 

Perseverant,  persevering,  persisting,  per- 
sistive,  jMir^.  L^>^\y  muwdzib,  jAS^ma^ 
mustamir,  /«j^J^  muddmm,  /^JLt  mtf- 
Idum.     See  Assiduous. 

Persevere,  persist^  v.  j  4".  ..il  M^amar, 

ddtoam  ^l(^> 
Perseveringly,^1^4JM)l  Jij  hikol  utimrdr, 

Persia,  ^uk^\  jL  htldd  al  ^am,  Per- 
sian, adf.  ,^j4jsp'  ^ajaml,  ^jli  /ar«f. 
The  modem  Persian  language,  ^U 

Person,  $,  ^josf^  8hah,jSu  nafar.  See 
Man,  Woman,  Individual.  —  Person 
(exterior  appearance),  ijya  sftrat  jCj^ 
shakl,  JL*-s^  ihaydl.  See  Pigure, 
Form. — A  person  in  the  Trinity,  a^I 
ahnum  (pi.  m^^\  dkdnlm).  Persons, 
^Is^t  ashkhds.  In  person,  d^ljJb 
hmdt  A  certain  person,  ^Jii  fvddn ; 
(in  grammar).  The  first  person  or 
speaker,  JicL^  mtf^ila^im.  The  second 
person,  or  person  spoken  to,  K^Wi^ 
mukhdtah.  The  third  person,  or  person 
or  thing  absent  or  spoken  of,  v^i^U 
yhdytb. 


PER 


(864) 


PES 


Pereonagei*.  (person  of  diatmctdon),  Jp-j 

n***^  rufol  mu^tdbar. 
Personal,  ^<-a*^ »haksl,  J\j «5*l, ^joU- 

Personality,   ^mass^  tihdkhriyat,  a^U. 

ibAdMa^.    See  Person. 
Personally,  tul  JJU  hiu&t,  <UyiiJ  Wna/- 

Perspective  (glass),  ^^J^»^  durbln.  The 
science  of  perspective,  Ja:i\  Ac  ^n^ 
annoiar,  j>^\  J^  ipm  al  hasar.  See 
Optics. 

Perspicacious  (sharp  of  sight,  acute  of 
discernment),  J^-h-aj  i — vj>-Ltf  sahib 

boi^rat, 
Perspicaciousness,    perspicacity,    Hj^ 

bMlrat,  iLi  fitnat,  Jftii  ^l,  j^^Si 

tadblr,  lj\i^  hastdhat. 
Perspicuity,  perspicuousness,  ^Ju)  bay&n. 

See  Clearness ;  dUo  Transparency. 
Perspicuous,yblb  saAtir,  ^^^--^  mubayffan, 

^\^  wddth,  jkb  ndtik.    See  Clear, 

Evident. 
Perspicuouriy,  ^\^  ^^  biioajhin  wddih, 

'•yblfe    sflAiran,   yb\l?  f>jJ    biwqfhin 

sahir.     See  Clearly. 
Perspiration,  ^  ^ara^,  jlacT  iwAiAdr. 
Perspirative,  perspiring,  J[^  i«« j;am^. 
Perspire,  ».  J^  ^^«^. 
Persuadable,  persuasible,  j-iiuj  yunhani^. 

Persuade,  r.  jJJ  ^na^,  ^  n^waA.  See 
Advise,  Incite,  Influence,  Inculcate. 

Persuader,  «.  ^U  nawA. 

Persuasion  (endeavour  to  influence), 
X^Uu  mwlAa^;  (opinion,  belief),  jU:i£l 
i^imdd,  jUi£\  i^ikdd. 

Persuasive,  persuasory,  ^U  nd«iA. 

Persuasively,  ^U  ^^  bi  wajhin  ndiih. 


Pertinency,  £U  laydlai,  LJc^ 

sabat,  ^\y  tnuwd/akai. 
Pertinent,  J^l^  mmoafik,  j£.l  I^ 

Pertinentiy,  i-l:-*  J^  WW  »««« 
Perturbate,  (jS^yLJ  Jac  {uemoJ  tefcnf 

Disturb. 
Perturbation,  ^Ai^  fewA^uA,  4-:\;s- 

idiirdb,  i,^^  hirat.    See  Distrseb^ 

Disturbance. 
Perturbator,  i^il^  ^^\^  ra«f  tf/^fc^^ 
Pervade,  r.  J^  J  <^»tAii/.  SeePenetifi^ 

Permeate,  Enter. 
Perverse,  JuJ^c  ^anie?,   jjU-«  wikcMi 

^^  «Aartr  (pi.  jj/-*^  ashrdr),  ^*^ 
mayahm,  JU  <to».     See  Obstu^ 
'  Peevish,  Stubborn. 
Perversely,  jL*i  J^J  bikol/atdd. 
PerverseneB8,perverBity,oLi:  tffwi--' 
fasdd.      See   Obstinacy,   Peevishtr 
Stubbornness.  C^>^  ^''f^ 

Perversion,  4-;)Ui\  inittteJ,  Jli  (fc 
Pervert,  r.  Ju*J^  afsad,  ^^S^  ^akau  y 
Corrupt,  Seduce.  [^ 

Perverted,  J^Jl^  mafsud,  u^JlL^  »^ 
Perverter,  *.  JumL*  mufsid,  ^y^d^  f«* 
Perusal,  ZkIUs^  mtUdla^at,  ijis  UUt* 
See  Lecture.  [R*- 

Peruse,  r.  ^It  ^^^,  ^^  tala\   ^ 
Pest,  Ij^  wabd,  ^^^^  td^un.   SeePfc"* 

lence,  Plague. 
Pestilence,  «.  ^y^^  Wj^a»,  iUl  wfii^- 
L  Lj  sirayat,  i^Se.  ^adwai,  bj  tr^ 
Pestilent,  pestilential,  pestiferous,^-^ 
mudirr,  c^  J^*^  mu^di,  y^J^  •dn,  >* 
Infectious,     Malignant,    BesinKt^^* 


PHA 


(865) 


PHI 


Pernicious. — Infected  by  a  pestilential 

disorder,  ^fi>o^  mat^nn. 
?estle,  $.  (of  a  mortar),  ^^l^\  Jj\  iffd  al 

hdwany  jJl^  mudak. 
Petition,  «.  \^j^  ^d,  Jl^-  u^j^  f^*"^* 

rafa. 

Petition,  V.  ^jOjC  ^rad,  ^jtt>Asl\  Utamoi, 
\p^j  |*Jj  haddam  rajd,  \^Si^\  /•JJ 
kaddam  istid^,  ^j<j%j  tamanna\  See 
Supplicate. 

Petitioner,  s.  ^J^  mu^ridf  ^j»i,^sLt 
tnttliamu,  ^Jlt  tdUh,  JjLj  «ayt7. 

Petitioned,  L^i^^matluh,  J^m.^  nuuuL 

Petre,  J^^Ul  J^  milh  al  hdrHd.  See 
Saltpetre. 

Petrifaction,  jn^s^  tahjlr.    To  petrify, 

^(change  to.  stone),  ^^^d-^kc  ^mdlaho 
ht^ar, — (to  become  stone),  ^J^  •5*' 
hajar. 

Petticoat,  «.  ^IimJ  JUiAn,     [Meanness. 

Pettiness,   Ji^  i\kghr.     See  Smallness, 

Pettish.    See  Pretful,  PeevlBh. 

Petty,  j^  ioghlr.  See  Little,  Incon- 
siderable. 

Petulance,  i^lLSi  thahdwat,  L^^y\  |*  J^ 
^adam  adah.  See  Pertness,  Sauciness, 
Insolence,  Peevishness,  Wantonness. 

Petulant,  ,-5-i  9hakl,  c-?  jl  lb  bila  adah. 
See  Peevish,  Saucy,  Pert,  Insolent, 
Wanton,  Perverse. 

Petulantiy,  SjU^  JiJ  hikol  thakdwat. 
See  Pertly,  Peevishly,  Saucily. 

Pewter,  -J  J*fl5  kasdlr. 

Phalanx,  «.  J^Lufi  ^dhir. 

Phantasm,  phantasma  (a  vain  imagina- 
tion), Jtb  JLi^  itA^iyd/  IdtU. 

Phantasmas,  <^!tU^  ihaydldU 


Phantasticali  phantastic,  ^\t^  hhaydli. 

See  Capricious,  Whimsical. 
Phantom,  9.  ij^  sUrat,  JLj^-  khat/dl, 

L^A^taif.  See  Ghost,  Spectre.  Leyla's 

phantom  came  by  night,  iwhen  drowsiness  had 
overcome  me,  towanu  momine,  while  my  com- 
panions were  sleeping  in  the  aesert ;  bat  when 
we  awoke  to  behold  the  phantom  that  had 
passed,  I  saw  the  house  deserted,  and  the  place 
of  visitation  was  distent.  (Arabic  proverb, 
meaning  l^at  what  was  done  cannot  be  un- 


done.) c^JiiU  OCX  itf-i-J  *— if^  fc/r» 

Pharoah,  ^fyi  far^Hn.     The  people  of 
Pharoah  (the  Egyptians),  ^jj^  ^^ 

katfftn  far^Hn. 
Pharmacopeia  (treatise  on  drugs),  c^cd 

i^ jjl  H^/  **^^^  <<»r^l3  al  adwiyat. 
Pharmacopolist,  i<=rl/^'  f^^fi'      See 

Apothecary. 
Pharmacy,  ^^j)^  J^  ^*7*^  <^  adwiyat, 

i)^Ji\  ^^s^J»  IcLitf  tand^t  tarkih  al 

adwiyat. 
Pharos,  «.  (jwyli/anfl*,  J;l:^  mtrndrat, 

Jjcl^  nuuh^.     See  Light-house. 
Phenix,  9,  liui:  ^nkd.     The  phenix  of 

his  age,^^^!^^  Jj\j!I^  ^ijifarld  ala- 

wdyil  walatPdkhir,  [hddi9. 

Phenomenon,    ijj\j    nddirat,    CjJI^ 
Phial,  9,  lLJi»  9hUhah. 
Philanthropy  (good  nature),  (jwU<  «Usr* 

muhabhat  annd9.    See  Benevolence. 
Philologer,  philologist,  9.   l^0\  adib, 

iJi;Ul  JU  ^dlim  loghdt    See  Gram- 
marian, Critic. 
Philology.     See  Criticism. 
PhilologicaL     See  Grammatical. 
Philomela,  JJj  hdhul.  See  Nightingale. 

Philosopher,  i.  *-^  haJAm  (pl.'Uij>- 

65 


(866) 


PIE 


hukamd),  u, i^M.L}  faykuitf  (pi.  iiJii 
fiUdsa/ai),  JU  ^dlm.  The  philoso- 
pher's stone,  W^  A'^  fntf^oQm  klmld. 

Philosophic;  philosophicali  ^^mJlJ  faif- 
haifl. 

Philosophically,  iLAi^  Xa^  J^  hikol 
hihnat  wafahafat.    See  Wisely. 

Philosophy,  ^U^l  Af  ^t7m  al  hikmat, 

^JuAii\  alfaUafat,    See  Wisdom. 
Philosophise,  v.  t^JuJUj  tafaUaf.     See 

Iteason.  [ma^Hn  al^ithh. 

Philter,  «.  (love  potion),  j^mjJI  l;>?^ 
Phlehotomist,  «.  jlos  fasB&d, 
Phlehotomize  (hleed),  Jud9  /mo^?. 
Phlegm,  Jtb  halgham. 

Phlegmatic  (abonndingin  phlegm),  |«a«)j 
^o/yA^ml ;  (cold),  ^)y^\  *^j\i  hand  al 
mi%dj\     See  Frigid,  Dull. 

Phosphorous  (morning  star),  .^u^l  Ia^ 
najmat  al  8abh,jsr\  c-^^  hawkah  al 
fajr. 

Phrase,  «.  SjLa  ^hdrat  (pi.  d^l^Uc 
^t^ard^).  See  Expression. — A  pro- 
verbial phrase,  Jl^  masal. 

Phraseology,   ^Lc   ^iharal,  Ssi  loghat, 

^UJ  /Man.     See  Diction,  Style. 
Phrensy,  phrenetics,  ^y^junUn,  aLj-j 

sarsdm.    See  Madness. 
Physical   (relating  to   nature),    ^yUf!^ 

^fe,I,  (JM  sd^f.     See  IN'ataral. 
Phpioally  (according  to  nature),  LnyLt 

^f  ^tyan,  ,<«<»fJ0  ^y  Uwajhin  tabl^. 
Physician,  ^'^^  tablh  (pi.  U^t  atibhd), 

fffS.»-  hakim  (pi.  UJl>-  hukamd). 
Physic  (the  science  of  healing), 

tibh,    Ll^lnli  Jlc  ^m  attibh ;    (medi- 

^^°®)»  -^^  t*%i  |^*>^tft(?5;  (a  purge), 
JfkM^  muiahhil,  i^  sharhai. 


Physiognomisty  «.  i-^Jji  c»*^^U  idid 

Physiognomy  (science  of)  ^j^  jic  jji* 

al  ipqfh,  Li\j&\  Jx   ^fZm  al  fr^\ 

(countenance),  ^^  tro^'A. 
Pia  mater  (membrane  which  coven  tb 

brain),  4Ual\  i4\  iwim  addimdgh,  \^ 
ffhiihd. 


Pick,  ^  nakk(^,j\:x:i^\  ikktdr,  s^ 
intdkhab.    See  Call,  Choose,  Select 

Picked  (chosen),  Uy^rcu.**  mtmiiiU: 
(gathered),  /^^^L*  mtftowM. 

Picker  (one  who  culls),  i^^^cc^  s» 
takhib,  ^<A^^  munaiJti, 

Pickle  or  "pickles,  Jl-f^  mMaU> 
(salted),  J^^  OTWiia^Zia.  KckW 
meats  (in  salt),  cz^^Lj^JU  sMttiici 
To  pickle,  ^^  kabas,  ^  maM 

Pickpocket,   «.   l<«]/^"    ^w-cfwl,  J^- 

sarrdk.     See  Cutpurse^  Thief. 
Picktooth,«.  (toothpick),  ^U-J^jj^'^ 

Picture,  «.  *jiy^  tasuflrahj  ^JLsJ  ^• 
(pi.  |>2>^  ntiihuA),  ijy^  9^rat  > 
j^  «0i<Yir),  ^\si  kitdbai.  The  i?^ 
sketch  of  a  picture,  )^^  MynU. 

Picture,  v.     See  Paint,  Bepreseni 

Pie,  ».  (^JLa^^i^  9(mbiUak.  See  V^. 
Pastry,  Magpie. 

Piebald,  J^\  oKilak. 

Piece,  «.  (bit),  iULi  ib^^.  See  Fc^^ 
Patch,  Eragment. — A  piece  of  ^ 
i*ij  ruk^a.  A  piece  (litemzy  oon?^ 
sition),  \J^\  inthd,  u,flj.;»gj  tmif'  ^ 


piece  of  manufacture,  *^%S  t^' 
Piecemeal,  in  pieces,  ^^iL«  wuiittU^ 
Pierce,  v.  ^JissT  bakhaah,  jJu  m«/H^ 


PIL 


(867) 


PIT 


sakai.  See  Prick,  Penetrate,  Bore, 
Perforate,  Enter.  [rated. 

Pierced,  ^^..Jdj^  muntahih.     See  Perfo- 

Piercer,  «.  (boring  instrument),  i^^r\^ 
matkab. 

Piercing,  part,  jiU  ndjid. 

Piety,  ijyaj  takw<^,  Sj\j^  dayanai. 

Pig,#^^  ifcAtfmfr  (pl.^jl:^ife^fwlifr). 

Pigeon, »,  £^U>-  hamdmat.  The  domestio 

pigeon,  ^Uj  yamdfnat. 
Pike,  I.  i^  harhad,  ^j  rumh  (pi.  ^^;t 

anndhf  ^U^  rtimifA).     See  Spear.—  A 

half  ^ke.     See  Javelin. 
Pilaster,  a.jMJyt^e,  ^mUd  saghlr. 

Piles,  «.  Z^^  hwmat.  See  Heap. — (a 
piece  of  wood  driven  into  the  gronnd), 
Jjj  watad  (pi.  jIJj\  awidd).  A  pile  of 
buildings,  Lj  5i»d.  See  Edifice. — The 
pilee,^«^1^  hawdHr.     See  Emeroids. 

Pile,  9.  ^^^  J(»fna^f  aJ^  kawwam.  See 
Heap,  Accumulate. 

Piled,  /»y^  mulocrf^affi. 

Pilgrim,  t.^tj  sdyiir;  (to  Mecca),  i^U- 
Ad;  (fern.  ^U-  hdjfat). 

Pilgrimage, «.  ifjUj  s»^dra^,  ^l^  «iyfi- 
A^.  The  pilgrimage  to  Mecca,  ^  haj. 
To  go  on  a  pilgrimage,  ^|j  wdr\  (to 
Mecca,  etc.),  ^  haf. 

Pill,  «.  Xld-  ^aa^. 

Pillage,  i^UyAdraA,  \aju  yaghmd^  S^ 
ftaA^.     See  Booty,  Plunder. 

Pillage,  r.  U;-^  nahahf  U^  (J^^^fi  ^ama/ 
yaghmdf  \^\.a  ioiab.     See  Plunder. 

Pillar,  «.  J^.4X  ^mad.  See  Column. — 
The  pillars  of  the  state,  il^SlA  Jij\ 
arkdn  addawlat  [yoA. 

Pillow,  «.  il^  mukhaddaij  iS^  takkd' 

Pilot,  «.  v.^^.^^^!  Jjli  ifcdyii  al  mor^, 
Jjii  kaldwta. 


Pimento,  jlfj  hahdr. 

Pin,  «.  (jM^J  <ia5iai. 

Pincers,  ^yiJ^  ib^a^ili». 

Pinch,  V,  ^j9^  karas. 

Pinch,  «.  4.0^1  iboTMA.      See  Squeeze. 

Pinched,  \^^J^  rnahrHi, 

Pine,  «.  (tree),^yMtf  amawhar. 

Pine-apple,  ijj^\ 


^/Mwg  I  ^j^  ^ayn  anndi. 

Pine,  r.  (langoisb),  t^JjiJ  ^^^. 

Pink,  t.  (flower),  Ji3^  htrunfid.  To 
pink  with  the  eye,  Ui  ghanun.  See 
Wink. 

Pinnacle,  J^t  ^l:^  jandh  al  hayhd. 

Pious,  Jli0  idlih  (pi.  ^2;t^l^  «d/AZn). 

Piously,  \^  Jij  ^lifco/  toibrd,  4^^  J^ 
5tib/  takwa.  [Chirp. 

Pip,  V.  {ory  as  a  bird),  jfij  zahak.   See 

Pipe,  «.  (tube),  ^LoS  kasahat.  A  water- 
pipe,  ^-'^ j/«  mttsrd3.  A  glister-pipe, 
^^^A^^  mahkun, — A  musical-pipe,  ^/U 
ndy.    See  Piute. 

Pique,  1^;^  iff^AJ,  «\a^  Aa^,  4jU1}  lUh 
kdyah.  See  111- will,  Malevolenoe ;  aUo 
Punctilio.  [kananat. 

Piracy,^li  Vij>:.i7  toiiAU  9*7  5a^,£:^ 

Pirate,  «.  (J^;y  kuridn,  ^J^^  hunM, 

Pirate,  v.  ^^  karsan. 

Piratical,  ci^fy  hikrtdnl. 
Pish  !  y;  ^«/il.    SeePy!  Pho! 
Pismire,  «.  ^lL«j  nomAi^.     See  Ant. 

Piss,  r.  ^  sAo^A,  Jy  hawwal. 

Piss,  Jy  iat^J.     SeeTJrine. 
Pistachio-nut,  <•  (^u«J  fuituk. 
Pistol, «.  ^b^LJ  tabdnjah. 
Pit, «.  jU  ghdr.j^^  hlr.   See  Well,  Ditch, 

Abyss,  Ghilph. 
Pitapat,  c^f  ^Ua:^  i^/oifcdiia/  iolft. 

See  Palpitation,  Trip,  Step. 
Pitch  (inspissated  resin),  uu-Jj  ^fttj^ 


PIT 


(868) 


PLA 


haryjJ  ifelr.  Liquid  pitch,  Jll-jlS 
k&r  Myyal.  Pitch  (meaBore,  degree, 
extent),  Ss>^  hadd,  iSb^  nnUdhakai. 
See  Proportion,  Bate. — (stature),  i«lj 
kdmat,  ji  tad;    (height,  eleration), 

Pitch,  V,  (smear  with  pitch),  tJi^J  zaffmt; 
(to  fix,  plant),  u^..^  natab.  To  pitch 
a  camp,  (XJ^\  u,'*-^i  iumo^  o/ j^tydm. 
See  Camp.— (to  fall  headlong),  lal^ 
iakat,  ij^  hawa* ;  (to  choose),  i-y^VO^ 
intakhab,  J  /flw.    Verily  I  have  been 

in  this  place  twenty  yean  without  seeing  any 
one  in  it,  until  yesterday,  when  I  heard  weep- 
ing; and  I  looked  in  the  direction  of  the 
sound,  and  saw  many  people,  and  tents  pitched 

on  the  shore  of  the  sea,  \  JJb  ci  ^  ^^^ 

Pitchiness,  U^  %ulmaL  See  Darkness, 
blackness.  [Dismal. 

Pitchy,  ^»i«^  mu^Um.    See  Dark,  Black, 

Piteous,  pitiful  (exciting  pity),  ^fry* 
(,^^Asi\  mujawwi^  al  kM\  (compas- 
sionate), M^j  rahlm^  ^jaZ*^  muahfik ; 
(paltry),  ^;;^  hakir,  f^yS^  masmflm. 
See  Contemptible,  Wretched. 

Piteously,  pitifully,  ijLiJii  JSj  hihol  sha- 
fakai.  See  Compassionately,  Sorrow- 
fully ;  also  Contemptibly,  "Wretchedly. 

Piteousness,  pitifulness,  aju^  shafakat, 
i^^^j^  marhamat  See  Compassion, 
Tenderness,  Sorrowfulness ;  also 
"Wretchedness,  Paltriness. 

Pitiable  (deserving  pity),  <Ufl>^!  ^r-^!^ 
tpdjih  arrahmat,  Ajiku^\  L^-^yuw« 
musiawjih  ashshafakat. 


Pitiless,  iiiJ^\  ^^  Jus  ^m  aO^dst, 

See  Inhuman,  Gruel. 
PitOessness,  ZaauJI  ^J^   ^adam  ashtk*- 
fakat,  Lj\^1\  i^Jot  ^mdmi^alintSmpL 

See  Inhumanity. 
Pitilessly,  ^ftlllb  hOa  tkafaioL 
Pity,  ^jlaJ^  »hafakat,  ^a^p^j^ 

See  Compassion.— "What  a  pity  I 

hayf. 
Pity,  V.  ^j  raham.  ^  jLL  tka/d 

^ala\     See  Compassionate. 

Pix,  8,  (vase),  uJ^b  tar/.  [Ptafie. 

Placable,  «Jl>.  hanm.   See  Mild,  Gentk, 

Placableness,  A^  htlm.   See  Mildness. 

Placard,  «.  (manifesto  or  edict  posted  up 
in  a  public  place),  ^JUt  t^tem. 

Place,  ^^IC«  ifkwfean,  Jar^  moW,  w*« 
mawda^  (pi.  t*^^>^  iiwMrorf*^),  ^X*.^ 
fSkwiUn  (pi.  ^^L^  wMd^m) ;  (jaioritT 
of  rank),  jJ^  9adr,  ij\i^^  miir^ 
See  Precedence. — (public  ehancter  v 
employment),  ii,,,..*^**^  »miim&,  ^«x> 
hhidtnaU  See  Office,  D^:ree. — A  nir- 
ket  place,  j|jU  hiadr,  A  place  of  des- 
tination, a  halting  place,  ^p^  ««Bfe 
J 97^^  Jf ^  nMhal  amttoa/.  See  Iji£' 
— A  place  for  gymnastic 


J 


Gymni 


place  of  meeting  or  assembly, 
majfM^j  fjSjs^  majlu.  A  lurkiD? 
place,  ^^j^  kammln,  A  place  yshm 
any  show  is  exhibited,  c».^nl^  «m^^- 
Any  place  where  one  stands,  ^iLt  ■«* 
hamy  IjU  mdtvwd.  Any  place  whve 
one  sits,  ^l^  fnakdn.  A  place  where 
one  trips  or  ialls  down,  nfi«u><  w^ah* 
(pi.  LiLu^  m<udib'<).  Any  place  t» 
which  one  returns,  ^ry  0Mr;^^»*^^ 


PLl 


(869) 


PLA 


mu^dd,  A  high  lying  place,  iSc 
^iyat.  Whatever  is  subetitated  in 
the  place  of  another,  Jjj  hadal,  (joyc 
^awad.  From  place  to  place,  ^^ 
^ILt  ^\  ^iCt  mm  makdn  tTa'  fnahdn. 

In  the  first  place,  1«1  awwalan.  In  the 
second  place,  LjIj  tdniyan.  From 
another  plaoe^j£>-t  ^J**^  ^j;^  ww  »w- 
^//m  dkhar.  Places,  iZJ%s:^  mahal- 
Jdt,  ^^\^  tnawddi^,  ^U^  amdkin, 
^^lk«  nuUdrih. 

Place,  9.  w.^j  fcada^  L^-  Aa^. 

Placed,  &  ^  v«  fnawdu^  t  ftkc^  mahtuL 

And  after  an  hour  he  retarned,  bringing  with 
him  a  roasted  lamb,  and  hreand  as  white  as 
cotton,  which  he  placed  before  them,  and  they 

ate  and  drank,  JUt^^  vJI  JLcL»  Jju  w 


Placer,  ^«^^j  wddi^. 
Placing,  pari,  v^^^  toddi^,  laLl^^  ^^t^ 
Placid,  ^»Juii  «a/!m,  ftA>»  halim,  ^^ 
ufodi^  n  >ViU  aJu.1  «a/lm  attdb^.    See 

Glentle,  Quiet,  Mild. 
Placidlj,  Act Jy  3t  wadd^ahf  aJl»-  ^^ 

^'  taafhin  hailm. 
Placidness,  Jl»-  Mm. 

Plagne,  «.  ^;^IW  M^iftn,  bj  wabd.  See 
Pestilence.— (anything  troublesome), 
^  Jw37  tauti^,  cQjUj  ^iUl/,  c^]^\ 

'lagae,  i^.  (infest  with  pestilence),  ^^^mI? 
^^an ;  (to  vex,  tease),  ^  J^  ^  J^i^ 
^amdl  laho  ioidi^.  [lif^  '^^^* 

^lain,  9,  (level  ground),  ^^Ju^  mfefdn, 

'Iain  (smooth,  even,  level),  J^***^  mu- 

sattah,  i^^UmC^  mutoidwl,  t^j\*i*^  tmh 
s&wa^j  lagdMij  iofi^ ;  (void  of  ornament), 
»j\^  idda;   (dear,  evident,  not  ob- 


scure), yJbll?  %dhir,  jib\)  hdhir.     See 
Discernible ;  Mere,  Bare. 
Plain-dealer  or  plain-dealing,  adf.  j\^ 

idlih,  Jjle  ^dU,  JjL  addik.     See 

Honest,  Artless.  [See  Honesty. 

Plain-dealing,  «.  ^JXa  sidk,  -I.0  «a/d^ 

Plainly  (levelly),  l|yui^  mtistawiyan; 
(without  ornament),  £jj  lb  htld  zltMt; 
(sincerely),   J^Jl^oJU    M  iidk;    (in 

earnest),  ^lA;iA>.  haklkatan;  (evidently), 

jJb^  ^j>  hi  wqfhin  %dhir. 
Plaint,   £^ld    ihikdyat,  l>^y  nawhai. 

See  Complaint,  Lamentation. 
Plaintful,  plaintive,  ^Clx/t  fnuta$hahk\. 

Plaintiff,  9,  ^*x^  mudda^. 

Plait,  f.  ^^  iawyat,  JL:J  tanyat. 

Plait,  9. 4^^  ^otra',  ^^:j  tona'. 

Plan,  «.  (scheme),  ^^0^  gharad,  JuoS 
^i.  See  Design. — (form  or  model), 
ijya  t&rat,  j^j  roitn,   i^^\j  kdlih. 

The  plan  of  a  building,   £^Lm1I  m^j 

roam  at  ^tndrai. 
Plane,  v*  (make  even),  Ji^  $ahhal. 
Plane-tree,  «.  i^J  dulh. 

Hanet,  9.  ifj\^i>Aaf^  najmat  aayydrat^ 
j»\^  msf  nafm  adyir. 

Plank,  9,  ^j!  lawh  (pi.  A^\  alwdh). 
Planks,  etc.,  for  a  honse  building,  J&0^\j\^ 
kdrdatah.  Cu^)/^^  ayhrd9). 

Plant,  9.  ilsJ^  ahailih,  (juji.  ghar9  (pi. 
Plant,  V,  u^p^msJ  ruuahf  ^j„jL  yharaa.  To 

plant  a  cannon,  ^ J^b  ^LlJ  «3c^t 

ahkaig  nUh&n  hU  madfa^  ^^\jj>^ 
horror  dl  madfa^ 
Plantain  (herb),    J^dd!  ^U  lUdn  al 

hamalf  f^Ss\  ^\j  ddn  aljadl. 
Plantation,  planting,  y^-^i^)  fkub,  \jm^ 
ghar9,     A  plantation  of  trees. 


PLA 


(870) 


PUS 


^Lcr^i  m/  atjdr.      A  plantation  or 
colony,  ifi|^  Mfdco^,  ^^^  holonid. 
Planted,  Cy»^.a;^  fnamuh,  ^/^/^  0MI- 
^AriU.     Planted  in  a  row,  <,  ^^^\^ 

U-fjB^  U,1jBrf>  moiMft^  <H/V  ^fi^f' 

Planter,  «.  (jmI^  ^harrds,  ^j^\c  ghdris, 

Plaster  (for  walls),  ^^^^m*^  jabUnj  iji^^^ 

Plaster,  t.  (or  dressing  for  a  wonnd), 

mitj^  marham  (pi.   ^]/«  flntfrdAtm), 

lip  ibiitft. 
Plaster,  v.  (a  wall),  ^^  %yM;    (to 
apply  a  plaster  to  a  wonnd),   ^jJ^*^ 
A^b^b    dahan  M  marham,  ijji  k>- 

Plastered  (as  a  wall),  ^^wILt  mulajfyaa ; 
(plastered  as  a  wound),  ^jl  ^Jie  ^o- 
layhi  knltah.  [Weave,  Twist. 

Plat,  p.  ^^  fuuaj^jLi  dafar.  See  Braid, 

Plate,  f .  ^^/^^  9akn,  Bee  Dish,  Trencher, 
Bason. — Silrer  plate,  A.di  (^;>s^  9ahn 
faddah,  A  large  plate,^^««^  u;^^  '^>^ 
Aa&fr.  A  thin  plate  of  any  metal, 
d^viitf  saflhai,  SLj  ianafMt 

Plate, «.  (with  silver),  ^^a^faddad,  ^JJ^ 

iiL^b  iala'  hil Jidda. 
Platform  (on  the  tops  of  houses,  etc.), 

t^JLa  iokf,  ^  sath. 
Play,  V.  ^^^\  U^eh.     To  play  or  jest 

widi  any  one,  w«  ^yb  harrqf  ma^. 

See  Jest.— To  play  with  life  (to  expose 
oneself  to  danger),  iUmiJjj  JgU>^  ih&tar 
hi  nafiihi.     To  play  upon  (ridicule), 

^  CXtf^  ^oiaAAaA  ^a^.  See  De- 
ride, Oibe,  Laugh  at.      [Amusement. 

Play,  L^  lu^h,  Lfi  ki^bai.  See  Sport, 

Player,  t,  L,^i  Id^. 

Playful,  playsome,  v,^^j3  /<i^(!&. 


Play-game,  childxen's  play,   pkjflung, 

Plea,  ii?"  kijjat,jy£-  ^wr,  ^/^  ifc- 

tftf',  JJ  J  d^tf,  ^^^^  sA^'.    See 

Lawsuit,  Allegadon,  Apolo^,  Excoml— TV 
jiklge  then  turned  towunis  him,  and  aid  eft 
nim,  I  have  paid  attention  to  ^ j  wife's  cUs* 
ment :  now,  tiierefore,  prodooe  a  pka  is  thy 
own  defence;  for  otherwiae  I  snaU  expoi 
thj  dnplidtjr,  and  order  thy  imprisaoi^^ 

Jj  4)  Jlij  lie,  ^\^\  Jr^'J 


CT^  tlrV* 


% 


Plead,  r.  (a  cause),  ^js-  ^j^^  hSm^  ^«. 

See  Defend,  Discuss,  Allege,  Etco^. 
Pleader,  «.  ^^jl^  J>^  waM  oddMt 

See  Advocate,  Counsellor,  Lawyer. 
Pleading,  «.  ^lsa>-t  Mijdj,   H^Lt 

m^ihdhaiai. 
Pleasant,  ^iM  laHJ.   A  pleasant  pisee 

-^  Js:^  ffkiAoff  MkarOL      See  De^ 

lightful,— (gay,  lively),  jj^^--^  flMWv. 

See  Cheerfol,  Meny. 
Pleasantly  (delightfully),  ^\^^Ut  Jx 

fttio/ WMAfirdA;  (gaily),  jjj^^  Htuhr 

See  Mernly. 
Pleasantness   (deUghtfulness),    ^j^ 

mskirdh,  li.0  <a/<i ;    (spiighiliness  d 

conversation),  uJU  /m(^,  ^LilU  ia^d/st 

Please,  v.  (delight),  ^/J^  sAaroj^  k.^ 

ftdwa^,  ^j  radt^.    See  Gratifyy  H6> 

mour;  Satisfy,  Content* 

Please,  imp.  CJ^lf^  caJl^  lofitj^  2:b^ 
^tVuit.  Please  to  send  us  20  bales  of  I. 
cloth,tL)  AU^ilb  r^U  \^jjyrj' 

narfuhtm  tarMlu  Imd   ^asArm  leid 
khdm  ti. 
Pleased  (delighted),  l^^Mw.  maAfi/.   Td 
be  pleased,  LimJI  inioioL    See  Glad. 
Content 


PLE 


( 871 ) 


PLO 


Pleasizigi  o^N  kuu^  mubsttf  ^/^  mush- 

rih.     See  Pleasant,  Delightful,   Agreeable. 
No  one  who  met  me  after  his  remoTal  fi^m  me 

was  pleasing  to  me,  ^Sl  ^  i^^^j  ^ 

Pleasure,  j^j^  turUr,  \La  iof^,  if  jJ  /as- 
%aL  See  Delight,  Gratification,  Volup- 
tuousness.— (choice,  will),  jL::;^.!  ikh- 
tiydr,  j\^  murdd,  ij\j\  irddat.  To 
Pleasure.     See  Please. 

Plebeian,  ^:^f^  trait^,^;J>-  hdlAr.    See 

Common,  Vulgar,  Low,  Mean. 

Plebeians,  ^jmUI  a\^  ^awdm  annds. 

Pledge,  9.  ^j!bj  rahn.  See  Pawn,  Gage, 
Surety. — ^To  give  a  pledge  for  the  per- 
formance of  any  contract,  etc.,  yj^\ 

^j  a^  rahn.     To  receive  a  pledge, 
^j  tX£>.1  althML  rahn,      [See  Pawned. 

Pledged,  ^^f  marhnth  \^j^  muriahin. 
Pledget,  8.  ^»Jb^  marham,  Sa^  UukaL 

See  Dressing  (of  a  wound),  Plaster. 
Pleiades,  «.  (constellation),  by  iurayyd. 

Plenary,  J^\^tef?ii7.  See  Pull,  Complete. 

Plenipotenoe,  plenipotentiary  powers, 
J!U::lmi1  utikldl,  A  plenipotentiary 
(negociator  invested  with  full  powers), 
^^^Ux«  J^  wakll  miutlah  A  pleni- 
potentiary commission),  Xil^^  wakdlat, 

?leiiitude,  h^\  imiild.  See  PuUness, 
Completeness. 

Plenteous,   plentiful,  ji\^  todjlr,  ^joAi 

fayidfj^  ioAr.  See  Copious,  Exu- 
berant, Pmitfnl. 

?lenteously,  plentifally,  )a\j3\j  hi  ifrdt^ 
\j^  luuHran, 

Plenty,  plenteonsness,  plentifulness,  Wf^t 
tfrdt,  i^  katarat,  5ji^  wafrat.  See 
fruitfulnesa,  Exuberance.        [iMldt 

Plethora,  plethory,  tlU.)!  WJ^l  i/rdt  al 


Plethoric  (faIlofbloodorhumor8),<^^J 

danMwl, 
Pleurisy,  «.  u,.>^'^.yl  iZjM  %dt  ajjanb, 

Pleuritical,  pleuritic,  c:^\j  ^f 

CyiVyl  fihi  marad  %dt  ajfanh. 
Pliable,  pliant  (easy  to  be  bent), 

•  munhanl,  't^'^^  ^J^^*^^^  mumkin  atta- 
^wtouf,  ^yJl  JjU  kdhilal^awaj.  See 

Limber,  Flexible. 

Pliableness,  pliancy,  pliantness,  ^«-ijli 
^yiS\  kdhiUifot  al  ^wj.  Pliant  of  tem- 
per, iSL%  tnuldym,  W'^^  f^^  iailm 
aitah^.      See  Persuadable. 

Plight,  V.  (faith),  J^  Ja£\  aM  ^ahd, 

i»lL^  iJ^f  A^^'  kaldm,  ^Ul  ^Ja£\  a^ta* 

amdn.  See  Pledge,  Pawn.  [tion. 
Plight,  JU  Ad/, ZJU-Ad/0^.  See  Condi- 
Plot,  «.(conspiraoy),  JfU^I  iUifdk,  if  JJbU^ 
mu^hadai,  JJblu  ta^hud  (pi.  iZJ\  JJbUj 
ia^huddt),  iij\y^  muwdiikat,  b^laT 
tahdk^,  (ji^y  tawd/uk;   (a  scheme, 

plan),  ^jOjigharadf  dlj  niyat,  Xai  hud. 
See  Design,  Contrivance,  Intrigue. — 

(stratagem),  ^LL>-  hiiatf  ^  fann.  A 
plot  or  piece  of  ground,  ^^j\ijiei 
hit^t  ardf  ^l»-L)  idhah,  ^^^  tahn.  The 
ground-plot  of  a  building,  ^\jt!f  ^^Ls 
tdhai  adddr. 
Plot,  9.  (conspire),  ^\ij\  J^^  ^ama/  t^^i- 
/Sit,  (ji\y  {}^*»^  ^amal  tawdfuk ;  (to 
machinate),  ^-L^  J«4X  ^oma/  h^hst. 
See  Contrive,  Plan,  Scheme. 

Plotter,  i.  ^^y  farm,  jJj  rafth.  See 
Conspirator.— (a  contriver  of  miKhief), 
^Lii  i,^,^^^9^\^$dhibJUn<U.  See  Contriver. 

Plough, «.  ^\jjfadddn. 

Plough,  Cj^Aoroi.  See  Cultivate,  TilL 

Ploughman,  ploughboy,  plougher,  <•  6;|j 


PLU 


(872) 


POI 


tdri^,  t^\^  harras,  ^faO&h.    See 

Bustio,  Peasanty  Countryman.      ^ 
Ploughed,  i^^jS^  mahrHi, 
Ploughing  0Z|  «.  ^]jj  fadddn.   Plough- 

ing  oxen,  ^\  si  fadddn. 
Ploughshare,  9.  SJLa  tikkaL 
Plumage,  iJuJj  rUh.  See  Feather,  Plume. 
Plumhexy  (manufacture  of  lead),  i[3U^ 

^\^J\  harkh&nat  arraada* 
Plume,  i.  (feather  worn  as  an  ornament), 

<Luujj  rUhat.  [Fat,  Corpulent. 

Plump,  i»:MM>-  janm,  ^^ji*^>^  $amin.     See 
Plump,  V.  (make  fat),  ^^yk^  aamman. 
Plumpness,  iuLu>-  jaadmat,  ^j^^^  »umn. 

See  Corpulence. 
Plunder,  UJu  yaghmd^  <l4yi.r  ^AanZma^ 

(pi.    A^lxc  ghandyim),    ijli  ghdrahf 

^^^^j)  nakib.  c.^  fuiA^. 

Plunder,  v,  v»^^  naAad,  Uju  J^.^^  ^amdl 

yaghnia.  See  Hob,  Depredate.  — And  we 
feared  them  lest  they  should  plunder  our 
goods  and  our  commodities.  They  are  the 
most  hideous  of  beasts,  and  covered  with  hair 
like  black  felt,  their  aspect  striking  terror, 
and    no    one    understands   their   language, 


Plundered,  c^Juuu^  maslnl,  (^^ui^man- 

Mh,  [See  Bobher,  Depredator. 

Plunderer, «.  c^Ls  «d/t3,  s-'l^  mKhdh, 

Plunge,  9.  (anything  into  water),  \jtSah, 

It 

ghattoif  fJjL  gharrak ;  (to  plunge  one's- 
self  into  water),  ^jJieii.  ghatas.  See 
Dive,  Sink. — To  plunge  into  difficulty 
or  danger  without  design,  (J  j^ 
jlLf^ll^  uj3lfi!1  gherek  fil  muhdUJc 
wdl  akhtdr. 

Plunge,  9.  jjjai  ghai9,  JJjM  iaghrit. 

Plunged,  ^U  ghdti9. 


Plunger,  t.  ^jaAs,  ghdyii,  ^\^gkmnii 
Plunging,  jMir^.  Jyt*  «iifA«mi. 
Plural,  j-4^  yaw^-  [See  Msgdnty 

Plurality,  Lmp^  jam^yai,  ij^  hmt 

Plurally,  \jtA9^  jam^an. 
Ply,  «.  iL^  tanyat,  h^  tmeyat.  Sr 
Fold,  Plait  [liK^. 

Pneumatical  (relatire   to   wind),  J»s 
Pneumatics,  pneumatology^  \^\  Jx .» 

Pocket,  «.  L^^,0'^^s^  jayh. 

Poem,  «.  if  Ju^  koiidai.       S^  Ok- 

Poems,  JjL^  hoidyid. 
Poesy, jlic2i)f  Jl£  ^iTm  oJ  otA^ar.    5^ 

Poetry. — A  poetical  motto  on  a  lix; 
JflfiL  ^JjJj  nakih  hhdtim. 

Poet,  9.jc\J^  ahd^ir^  J9U  ndstn.  Poet^ 
^jK^  fAti^ard. 

Poetess,  «.  'ijtXj^  9hd^irai. 

Poetic,  poetical,  v^/*^  lAt'^rt.  Apoeti!^ 
work,  ^'ji^  <fttt?a».  Poetic  lioaa 
jLuJI  i[jfj);^  darurat  al shi^r. 

Poetise,  v,j\xJi»\  J.4^  ^amal  oiA^dr. 

Poetry,  j-«-»«i;^,  jjai  mam,  uf^^  j^- 

^^yj\  Jlc  ^f7m  al  ^arud.    The  kDw** 

ledges  in  which  the  Arabians  used  to  p^ 
themselres  are  the  philology  of  their  ova  > 
guage  and  the  investigation  of  the  laws  J. 
construction,  together  with  the  compoaiiuc 


poetry  and  of  orations,  c-^1  Jx 


•«i 


Poignancy  (sharpness),  is»^  UddoL  >* 

Pungency. — (severity),  isJ^  dU^ 

See  Asperity. 
Poignant,  jU-  had.     See  Sharp,  ^ 

Pungent — (severe),  jjX^  «MUl 
Point, «.  Jk>.  AoJ;  (of a  aword), 

hada99ay/;  (period). 


f! 


i 


POI 


(873) 


POL 


ilaSj  nuktat ;  (nicety),  is>ij  nvkteh*  A 
point  of  time,  ^a^J  daUhat,  ^^^Mijo 
tarfat  al  ^yn,  lia^  lahsuU,  See  Mo- 
ment.— ^A  point  or  head-land,  ^j 
Ju^l  rds  al  jahai.  See  Promontory. 
— The  point  (chief  circumstance  of  the 
subject  in  hand),y^St  ^^sJu  nafsalamr. 
A  material  point,  (^j^^  ^^^^  mt^im. 
See  Importance.  —  The  equinoctial 
point,  Jl  JCLcil  iSasu  nuktat  al  i^iddl. 
A  point,  aim  or  mark,  {jOja  gharad. 
An  orthographical  point,  i^asu  nuktat. 

From  point  to  point,  A^scj  <Lka3  nuktah 

binuktah, — Now  it  came  to  pass  that  the  Kin? 
fell  sick  one  day,  whereupon  his  heart  throbbea 
and  he  felt  that  he  was  about  to  be  removed 
to  the  mansion  of  eternity ;  then  his  malady 
increased  so  that  he  was  at  the  point  of  death, 

int,  1^.  (sharpen),  ^  nan.     To  point 

\r  point  out,  ^Jlfi  J  J  dcil  ^ala\     See 

5how,  Indicate. — To  point  with  the 
inger,  ^^  wama\     To  point  ortho- 

graphically,  ]aAj  h>.  hat  nukat ;  (mark 

rith  Yowel  points),  Cl^l^^t  ^^^wada^ 

\l  harak&t.    To  make  a  full  point,  fj^^cf 
^amalmahat, — And  she  replied,  0 


Poisoned,  (killed  by  pcason),  ^yAm^  mm* 


^ 


\y  daughter,  all  of  them  are  comely.    Who 
len  among  them  ?    Wait,  rejoined  she,  until 

point  him  out  to  thee,  b  l^  l::^UJ 

ixted,  jUi.  hdd.    See  Sharp. 

a  tedly  (exactly),  O  J  JXj  hikol  diktat. 
dtless,  ]aSjjJu  highayr  nukat. 
lon,  w  fam. 

ion,  V.  MAm»  iammam. 


mUm,  M^dM.^  musammam. 
Poisoner,  v.  ^am*^  muMammim, 
Poisonous,  AAM^  fMmmm, 
Poisonously,  ^mi  hisam. 
Poisonousness,  ^IXj^U  mdhiyat  astam, 
Poitre],  i.  (armour  for  the  breast  of  a 

horse)^  "^J^  warhand. 
Poise,    (equilibrium),    JIjclc^    i^idal, 

^jU^  mu^ddalat,  ^j^y  muwdtanat, 

jjj^  woMn.     See  Weight 
Poise,  V,  (weigh),  j^J^  wasn.  See  Weigh. 

Poker,  *.  jUl\  C)\^  muhrdk  anndr. 
Polar,  ^^ji^  kuthi, 

Aft  . 

Pole  (of  the  heavens),  U;-^  kvitb.  The 
north  or  arctic  pole,  ^UyuJl  iw  <\is\\ 
alhdh  ashshamdll.  The  south  or  ant- 
arctic pole,  Lc-^y^^  (^^ViflU  alkuth  al 
junUhi,   The  two  poles,  ^^^^JaS  ^u^iayn. 

Police,  jJJI  ku^  dabt  al  halad,  sJb^\ 
alzahtiyah. 

Policy  (art  of  government),  l^^^\  Jlc 

^m  al  hukumat.     See  Politics. — (art, 

stratagem,  prudence),  <UJl>.  hikmat, 
^jJ  tadblr. 
Polish,  V.  (smooth,  make  bright),  JL0 

aakal;  (to  make  elegant  of  manners), 

L^j\  addab. 

m 

Polish  (gloss,  brightness),    JiL#  sakl; 

(elegance  of  manners),  ii\Ji0  %ard/at, 

c-^j1  adab,  ^ILS  latdfat. 
Polishable,  (Ja.^  yunsakil. 
Polished,  ^J^^  mujll,  J^a.,^^  tnask^. 
Polisher,  «.  JU«0  tdkkdl.    A  polisher  of 

gems,  klJlx>-  hakkdk. 
Polite,  c^ol  tf<ft3,  fc^jl  v..o-U«d;itft 
adah,  ^mJ^Jlo  tariff  ^^  ^V^  (-jil^lU 
mtiil^if.     See  Elegant. 


POL 


(874) 


POO 


Politely,  ii^  J^  hOol  latdfiU. 
PolitenesB,   l^c\   adab,  ihSJff  sard/at, 

i}^  latdfat,  i^J^  lutf.   See  Elegance. 
Political  (relating  to  a  country),  ^^^1^ 

rnidkl;  (yened  in  the  adminiBtration 

of  pablic  af&drs),^ J^  mudabhir,yb\^ 

il^ji\  iy\}  mdhir  humUr  addawht. 
Politically,  ^  JJ  Jij  hikd  tadblr,  J^ 

Jixi  hikol  ^aW,  ^  Jij  Uholfmn. 
Politician,  <•  (one  yened  in  the  arts  of 

government),^ Jj  cy^f^w  9&hib  tad' 

hlr,jJS^  mudabhir. 
Politics  (science  of  government),    ^ 

alhukm;  (public  aflBEurs),  KLmJ1j^\ 
umUr  al  mamlahd^  A:^n}\jfj\jj  to- 
d&llr  oisaltanat^  li^j\\jy\  umUr  ad- 
dawlat,  /^y4jii\jy\  umUr  al  ^timflm. 
Polity  (form of  goyemment),(^i^L«Il  /^^ 

niMdm  al  mulh,  IU!1^  C^\  Uji^ 

hirdiat  al  mtdk  wot  milkU.     See  Goy- 

emment. 
Poll,  8,  (head),  (j^\j  rd8.     See  Head. 

A  poll-tax,  Ljp^jaaiyai. 
Poll,  9.  (enter  in  a  register),  j:Ji^^,  «3uJ 

koffffod  hU  daflar.    See  Begister.— (to 

lop),  u,^.L'»-  hattdb.  See  Prune,  Shear, 

Shave,  Mow,  Crop,  Plunder. 
Polled  (lopped),  9j^oL9  maktti^* 
Pollen.     See  Flower,  Bran,  Powder. 
Pollute,  V.  ^juP^  nqifas,  ^j^J  dannaa. 

See  Defile,  Corrupt,  Taint.  [nqj^'as. 
Polluted,  ^^J^  mudannas,  ^^/^.s^U  tnu^ 
Pollution,  pollutedness,  iLcj-  jandhat 

Nocturnal  pollution,  f!i::^\  tMSdm. 
Poltroon,  8.  f^^^S  Juuldn,  J^  tanhal. 

See  Coward,  Scoundrel. 
Polyhedrons   (having  many  sides),  ^ 
^^\^  lahojawdnib  haalrai* 


Polygamist, 

hi  amraaHn. 
Polygamy,  C^  VjjJ'  ij^Ugntmu^ 
Polygonal,  L^\^i\J^  kaOrd^ 
Polypody  (plant),  Jj^\  u^]/^  ^ 

dlhdb. 
Pomatum,  l}Uy  pcmdid.     [SeeCitrx 

Pomedtron,  y^y^  laym^,  jC  Wici 

Pomegranate,  ^;l^  r««w«»-   Bekafs 

to  the  pomegranate,  %.^^j  rv""^ 
Pommel,  «.  (of  a  sword),  uJ-i  ■  ^ 

hMatana^. 
Pomp,  pompouanesBy  ^ulac  ^mm^,  j« 

taiUanal.     See  MagnifioeQce,  S^- 
dour,  Cavalcade. 
Pompous,  A>»Vif  L-^^ft-ttf  8dhih  ^«»4 
A^  ^oef  M.    See  Magnificent,  ^ 

did,  Grand. 
Pompously,   hioA  Jxi    MbJ  j«i** 

Pond,  *.  ^^  *«rrf,  i^  ^iirW,/ 
Ponder,  r.  t>lj  touwiiwi/,  J^\  »/* 

See  Consider,  Think,  Muse. 
Ponderous,  J-iJ  to*H  ^^J^  ms^  ;,v 

roKlii.  See  Heavy,  Weighty,¥om©Ja* 
Ponderousness,  ponderosity,  J*i  «*^ 
Poniard,  f.^,fisi:^  it^i!fVir,    To  posisi 

Pontiflf,  j^  habr.    The  Eoman  ^ 
[jU\alpdpd.   TheMuhammadmH 

tiff,  ^Jii^\  almuflh  ,%01^*M 

alaaldm.  The  Jewish  pontift  j»l>«^ 

^li  al  hdkham  bd8hh  [«^ 

Pontoon,  8.  (for  passing  riven),/ 

Pony,  8.jJLa  ^^Um>-  **»«»  ^yto"- 

Pool,  8.  k-.^  J«i*.     See  F«i,  ** 

Pond. 
Poor,  jM  fatlrf  \li^  8aJ^  ^ 


POP 


(876) 


POR 


[ndigent,  Mean,  Contemptible;  Bar- 
en;  Lean;  Trifling;  Unhappy;  Spirit- 
ess. — A  poor  man,  mendicant,  jM 
akJr.  See  Beggar. — The  poor,  \jAi 
ukara,  A  poor  woman,  ij^  faklrat. 
1*0  be  or  become  poor,  ^^Jii^l^  »(Lr 
%kir.    To  make  poor,  jM  Aaa  ^a- 

tahho  fakir,  ifjSJ\  afkaraho.     As  for 

le  poor  and  the  condition  of  the  poor,  the 
^hole  life  of  the  poor  is  nothine  but  asony ; 
I  the  summer  be  fails  to  earn  his  foo^  and 
I  winter  he  warms  himself  oTer  the  fire-pot, 

^JJl1\  ^Ju^jjMi\  f^\s>^^  j^\  Uli 

1  _aJ  ifjt^\  Ui 


len,  being  the  poor  man's  life,  bis  fittest  place 
in  the  barial-ground,  1 JJ^  ^L^  \S\ 

rly,  jA3  Jij  hikolfahr,  jSaj  bt  fair. 

^e  Meanly,  Unfortunately. 

mess,  jA3  fahr.    See  Poverty,  Mean- 

S8,  Barrenness. 

Q,  «.  IjUl  alpdpa. 

iar,  8.  (tree),  j^  kaiffr.    The  black 

plar,  if}jj^  ^«^  rflwl. 

?Jp  (^^^^^  JIAashkhdsh.  The  heads 

poppies,  ^[s^*^\  ^\^j  rummdn 

ihashkhdih. 

dace,  /»^y^f  (1^  ^awdm,  JL«U!1  al 

mmiyatj  ^/mU!\  m\^  ^wdm  anndt, 

^e^  \  aljamhUr,  J^  \  al  khalk.   See 

ople,  Commonalty,  Yolgar,  Molti- 

Iar  (Tulgar),  Ae.  ^dm,  a^  ^umnm. 
)  Plebeian. — (suitable  to  the  people), 
UJ^^  ^/thi  khayr  hinds;  (es- 
med  by  the  people),  c-^^1  ^y*^^ 
hbub  al  ialnb.  A  popular  disease, 
tcabd.    See  Epidemic 


Popularity,  ^^^\j\^sA  i^tibdr  al  khalk, 
4t«!l\  ^Usr^  muhabhat  al  ummai, 

m 

Popularly  (in  a  manner  to  win  the  Ioyo 
of  the  people),  ^jls^tjLxfiU  hii^tibdr 

al  khalk ;  (vulgarly),  [^ytx-  ^umtZman, 
(^y^\  ^^  !Jlc  ^ala*  wajh  al  ^umUm. 

Population,  {j^^\  ijt^  kaarat  annufda. 
See  Populousness.  Population  of  the 
kingdom,  aCLmJI  ij^^  ^^^  ^  nusm" 
lakah. 

Populous,  jf^4jc^  ma^Hr. 

Populousness,  (^Js\  iji^  kasrat  al  khalk. 
Porcelain,  ^J^^i^  <fnl.     See  China. 
Porch,  i.J^JbJ  dahh%  (pl.jJUv)  dahdUz). 

See  Portico,  Port,  Entrance. 
Pore,  9.  (of  the  body),  /X^^  masdm. 

The  pores,  CL>t«L«^  nuudmdt 
Pork,  jj:^  ^  lahm  khanslr. 
Porous,  CL^UL*^  ^  laho  masdmdL 
Porphyry,  ^\^j^  hajjar  summdki. 

Port,  9,  Ix^  mind.  See  Harbour. — (a 
gate),  c^b  hdh ;  (air,  mien,  carriage), 
^j  wajh,  Joj  naMr,Ja:^  manaar. 

Portable,  (J^^  jfunhamil. 

Portend,  v.  (foreshow),  ^Jlc  J  J  dal  ^ala\ 
See  Prognosticate,  Poretell,  Omen. 

Portent, «.  (bad  omen),  ^/«^  nahs.  See 
Omen. 

Portentous,  ^^mo^  nahi,  ^jtM^scU  mof^iu. 

Porter,  i.  (to  a  gate),  s-'ijJ  haunvdh. 
The  porter  of  the  inner  apartments, 
S^U^  AdftJ  (pi.  c^li^  Auip-di). 
The  office  of  porter,  i)\y)  huwdhai;  (a 

carrier  of  burdens),  JU^  hammdh 
Portico,  «.  ^y^  Uwdn,  jV^;  ratrdi. 

Portion,  «.  a«A»-  AuiaA  (pL  ^jo^a^  hth 
mm),  u,..%y.a3  noiid,  <UmJ  kwnai.  The 
portion  of  a  wife,  ^  mahr,  j\ 


POS 


(876) 


POS 


jah&t.    See  Bower.^>The  portion  of  a 
childi  K^\j0jili\  f^\*^\  iktitdmalmirds. 

Portion,  v.  (divide  into  portions),  j^mJ 
koisam,  ^^jmaaaJ  J.4X  ^nuU  takiim.  See 
Divide. 

Portliness  (dignity  of  mien),  ^UJ^  hayhU. 

Portmanteau,  $,  _  js>^  lhurj\ 

Portrait,  «.  ^Jly^  toiwlrah,  ifjya  HLrah 
(pl.jl^  iuwar).  A  portrait  painter, 
jy^^  musawwir.  See  Picture.*- To 
draw  portraits,  jyp  MwUfor. 

Pory  (fall  of  pores),  cl^ULu^  i^  hdlaho 
moiamat. 

Position,  ^^f^  tnawda^  (pi.  ^^^y 
matcddiQ,  ^  r^  matrah.  See  Situa- 
tion.— (a  principle  laid  down,  or  as- 
sertion), lj£j  da^d,  4m^  kadiyatf 
^aL*  makaddamat,  fj^\  asL 

Positive  (not  negative),  ^-jlajC^  y'dhi; 

(certain),    ^jAssX^   mutahakkik,    ^\^ 

iff&dih ;  (direct),  wLlS  katt^ ;  (dog- 
matical), ^Ij  kdti^.  See  Obstinate, 
Peremptory. 

Positively  (not  negatively),  V^F!?  y'dhan; 
(certainly),  Ix^a^  yakinan,  ^jti^^.  ^^ 
yaktn,  uX2«]b  hild  shak;  (peremp- 
torily), ULi  kat^. 

Positively  (actualness),  Ju*^lJ  tdkid; 
(certainty),  j\^\  ikrdr,   ^^^-ij  yakin^ 

(jom  ashthahhat. 
Possess,  V.  (have,  bold),  Ci3u«  melek, 
^^;£i\  iktana* ;  (seize),  ]a^  dahat. 

Possessed,  CJ^am  mumluk,  ^J-^^a^  or 
Uaa^  muktand.  Possessed  of  (in  com- 
position), ^J  %a,  c:j\ J  sd^,  i^j  si, 
i^-^^>-li0  idhib,  etc.  (jFbr  examples 
see  Possessing.) 


Possessing,  posaesnvB,  posenory,  a^.  d 

part,  uJ^o^L*  muiawrrif,  fcl>i'.«  !& 

/lil ;    (in    composition),   c;  J  s 
u...«^U  «<!^'3,  ^«i  sil,  4^«}  s,  ^ 

sessing  understanding,  1^ 
«dAA  tamyH.  Poasessmg 
L^^W^J  sft  hdt^at.     Po9Eesgb;i: 

nity,  J^j(3  zu/aldl^  aU^^* 
«dAtS  mak&m,  Poesessing  exce!]& 
J.d9  i..;.^U  «dA«»  /oA.  F&asc 
power,  j^  Jcif  ^■.^.■■wLg  «dAi}  ^ 
Possessingmanyestatee^cJLt^w^ 
Bdhib  amldk. 
Possession,  u-f^^i^  tasanmjy  Ias  a  » 
iliX«  muZib.  Hereditazy  pos^sJ 
Cj»«j^  Jt«  jfid/  nuMiTif.  Seel: 
tage. — Complete  and  absoliitepospiJ 
<Ul^U  uJ^  Uuarruf  mdIko»^  ^ 
take  possession,  la^  lioioi,  «J«"^ 

CjDuicUidt  ietandaik,  Togivepos&i'- 

Possessions,  VitJlLtl  amJ<ai,  i 
taearrufdtf  CLi\j\jie>  ^thdrit 
Possessor,  e.  CiStf  mdUk, 

tasarrif,    L^^r^\^  sdM.     ^ -' 

Master,  Owner. 
Possibility,  ^IC«1  irnkdn^  JU> 

md/,  ^ILi^l  isiitd^ai. 
Possible,  ^;C«^  mtoitibji,  J^i^ 

toMa/.      Possible   things,   c;U^ 

muhtamaldt.  To  be  possible,  ^<^j 

tar  mumkin.    For  one  of  the  visr  *^| 
said,  If  thou  wish  that  thy  redness  r-J»j 
complied  with,  a^  that  which  »  ^ 
Now  as  to  the  thing  that  I  han  cr&  • 
plore  from  the  King  (may  God  ftfser-  ^ 

he  is  able  to  grant  it,'U^1  ^^t 
^j^  J-*yJ    ftUaJ  ^  tZ^j}  • 


-» ». 


POS 


(877  5 


POV 


lily,  ^\L^i\jSA)  hibuktr  al  imhdn, 
«l  U^Mlia.  See  Perhaps, 
(letter  carrier),  iia^y  poita,  (J^l^ 
jyJ^\  hdmtlal  mMnb,  sjj^\  J/«U. 
mil  al  waraka.  See  Courier,  Mes- 
ager. — (sitaation),  ^;tL^  makdnf 
^ymawda^f^.s^niahdU.  See  Seat, 
wition. — (a  military  Station),  J^tf^ 
mfi\  mahaU  al  ^atkar.  An  advanced 
st,  jH^tMifW  ^  JJU  mukaddamat  al  ^at- 
r,  lUjib  tall^al,  A  poet  (employ- 
mt),  £^J^  khudmat,  i^m»n\  ^  man- 
b.  See  Office,  Dignity. — (a  piece  of 
nber  set  erect),  JJ^  watad  (pi.  jUj^ 
itdd).    Posty  4iujy  pata. 

erior,  J^  5tf^i?,^*lx^iiiu^i&AibAtr, 
-T  akhir.    See  After,  Pollowing. 

eriority,^£L'lJ  taakhkhyr. 
mtjf  Sij\  awlddf  Jw  nasi,  i^jLw 
7/41/*.  See  Descendants.  [M^Alr. 
^m,  «.  (small  gate),  jjjLi^  c^lj  bdh 
•haste,  sia^yj^\  djjsf  ^jalai  al posia. 
» Haste.  [jpofto. 

fa  one,   f.  aL^^I  (^^"''^  ^^^'^  ^ 
horses,  relays  of  post-horses,  J^f^ 
.$«J^  k^ilalposta. 
house,  $,  ^da^iy  j9O«(0. 

master,   *.    ^^^.  ^/T^y.  po*^fi 
hi,  ^do^jJl  c,,><fwLtf  «dAi^  alposta, 
ieridian,^^t  J^  ha^d  al  smAt. 
office,  iL^y  posta.   See  Post-hoase. 

one,  v.j:>A  akhkhar,  uJijI  airA^/, 

#^  amhal. 

tript,    «.    LL^^    nudhakat    (pi. 

^^«=^   suiiA^iAdO,    Jbj    soy/   (pi. 
gi  jB^yA/),  ^LmII^  kdihiyah. 


Postulate,  postulatam,  postnlation  (as- 
sumption without  proof),  JJ  J  lb  1^  J 
da^d  hUd  dalll. 

Posture,  £iU-  hdlat,  JU-  hal      The 

posture  of  affairs,  j^ytji\jy»\  Jl>-  Ad/ 
umUr  al  ^umUtn. 

Pot,  «.  */^  tanjara,  or  ^y^cLL  tanjara ; 

(a  drinking  cup),  ^\^  kd$ah. 
Potable,  i>^9jL^  tikuhroh  (pi.  i:L^\j^jJM^ 

fnashf^hat).    See  Drinkable. 
Pot-ash,  j\^j  ramdd. 
Pot-bellied,  ^JsJ  ^  laho  kinh. 
Pot  companion,  <•  ^*x}  nadlm. 

Potency,  potentness,  Jy  kuwat,  ijjj 
kudrat,  j\s:3\  iktid&r,  ^  AaAr.  See 
Power,  Influence. — (yigour),  iy  Aa- 

wat,    i^\^iy   kUwat  nSLtiyah.     See 

Force,  Strength. 
Potent,    4^y   kawl,  jjIj   Adi/tV.      See 

Powerful,  Strong,  Forcible. 
Potentate,  ^ILLi  mdtdn,  C^^  malik, 

etc.     See  Emperor,  King,  Monarch. 
Potential,  ^^S^a^  mumkin.    See  Possible. 
Potently,  i^jij  tawran.    See  Powerfully. 
Pot-herb,  ifr^^^-  kkudrat,  C^lJ  iu»Ad^ 

^^^fe^  hubiih.  [sharhal. 

gig 

Potion,  «.  (medicinal  draught),  ^  *-^ 
Pottage,  Vj^  «AorAd.  See  Broth,  OraeL 
Potter,  t.  ^^J^  fakhkhari. 

Potter's  clay,  jlir*/aAAAAdr. 

Pouch,  9.  \.^.^*^jayh.    See  Pocket,  Bag. 

Poverty,  jAJ/aAr.  See  IS^ecessity,  Mean- 
ness, Defect. — Poverty  and  old  age 
{lit.  the  two  evils),  ^j^i\  alamrdn. 
Poverty  is  my  glory  (a  saying  of  Mu- 
hammad),   ^^jS^jAsi]  al  fakr  fakhri. 

To  reduce  to  poverty,  jM  aUx  ^ 

malaho  fakhr.  See  InlpoTerith.  —  PoTerty 
causes  the  lostre  of  a  man  who  was  rich  to 
grow  dim,  like  the  brightneH  of  the  setting 


POW 


ran,  wbich  becomes  yellowneaa.  If  absent, 
his  name  is  not  mentioned  among  mankind ; 
and  if  present,  he  has  no  share  in  the  cnioy- 
ments  of  society.  He  walks  in  the  market- 
streets  avoiding  notice,  and  in  solitary  plaMS 
he  ponreth  forth  tears  in  abundance.  By 
the  Almighty !  a  man  who  has  the  misfor- 
tone  to  become  poor  is  nothing  among  his  own 

relations  but  a  Btranger !  ^j:^\j^ 

Poultice,  ^  lahhha.    To  poultice,  la:*- 
dLsCiS  hat  lahhha. 

Poultry,  jf^  tuyiir.    See  Fowl. 

Pounce,  c-^ii^  mihkldh.  See  Claw, 
Talon.  [Bray. 

Pound,  V.  Ji>  ^h.    See  Beat,  Powder, 

Pour,  f .  v^^  9ab.  See  Stream,  Flow ; 
Scatter,  Diffuse.  To  pour  out  water, 
Ul-Xj  sahib  ma.  And  he  wept 
violently,  ponring  forth  tears,  and  recited  the 

following  verses,  \^^^    \^,  ^-^^ 

Poured,  t-J|^Cu*^  nrnkah.  To  be  poured, 
(^.^JLyuJ\  insakah. 

m 

Pourer,  «.  c-^^  »aWJ. 
Pouring,  part  «..^L»  sdhih. 

Powder,  uJ^  9ufaf,  c-)}/  ^^^^'  i^ 
ghahra.  SeeDust.— Gunpowder,ci;^jU 

Powder,  v.  (reduce  to  powder). 
Powdered    (ground    small), 

mashaJc.  [h&nid. 

Powder-mill,  s.  JjjU^  u^^  ^^^^  ^ 

mm 

Power,  ijJi  kudrat,  j^Jci^  iktiddr,  iy 
lULwat.  See  Strength,  Ability;  also 
Command,  Authority,  Dominion,  Help, 


('878 )  POW 

Influence.— '(vigour),  l^  hysd,^f:> 
^anfawdn.    See  Potency.— Tbe '/:w 

of  attraction,  ijiW  5}5  kix^^ 
The  repelling  power,  i«ib  if  ^ 
dafi^at.  The  power  of  mrdsu  •• 
KjS^  hiwai  muharrikat.    Tteifr 

lectual  power,  il^  Jk-*  i^  i*«*  • 
^Mtfl^.     The  power  of  imagianii' 

fancy,  jLi)\  5j5  hMfot  al  tt^- 
aLku!l  0/ mtiiifcAayyiZfl^.  Th 
ing  or  thinking  power,  ^^"^  iy  »* 
oJ  t<7aAm.     The  power  of  menarj 

Natural  or  inherent  power,  V  i 

ibltra^   ai«a%fl*.       Animal  v'  - 

powers,  iJ^^-J^  ^^^  «/i»f*  •*  ^ 

tt?dmya<.    The  powers  or  sense  cf 

hody,  ^S^\  ^^  ktwt^alhad^  ^ 

real  powers,  i^\^^  Jji  fe^ 

ti^Antyaf.  Possessed  of  power,  y 

ij^  sdhib  hudral.     See  Povar. 

Without  power,   J^jiL  Wa  ^ 

See  Powerless.— A  powa  (p^«^ 

^UaL  «JWn.     See  King.— s^ 

force),  iL^  ^oiifair.     See  Anr 

power  of  people,^;-!^  ^^ri^ 
See  Multitude.— 0  Kin^  of  the  Ar 
the  thing  that  I  want  thou  art  i>- 
fonn,  and  it  ii  in  thy  power,  at'  ►^ 
in  posaesdon  of  it.    I  do  not  inipc**  \  •' 
King  a  diflBlculty,  nor  am  I  mad,  tto  -  - 
ask  of  the  King  a  thing  that  he  »  c 


uT 


accomplish,  j;>-U.  ^^\  ij^r  ^' 


a*^jii^^^^.  But  if = 

Aise,  I  will  hring  againit  thee  feff«^^ 
thou  hast  not  power  to  conteni  - 
prepare  an  answer  to  the  qQemofi-  <^* 

the  garment  of  death,  iju^\  >> 


PRA 


(879) 


PRA 


CLL>.  cl^^  ^\^  Cl^  Ji^ 

verfiil  (strong,  able),  ,^yi  ^tr!,  ^jlS 

Sitr,  j\s:j\  (..^^.^^-Ltf   «d^i^  iktidur. 

'o  be  or  become  powerful,  i^^J^ 

Ir  kavcH.    A  powerful  man,  ^.^o-L^ 

^ jj  iahih  hudriU^J\i^\^*i  sfl  ikttddr, 

kc. 

rerfallj,  j!  Jci!^  l!y  jCj  Mio/  Hwai 

^atktiddr,  iyj  hikHwai. 

rerfdlness,  ijSi  kudrat,  iy  Hwat. 

ee  Power. 

rerless,  ijdHj^^^minghayrhuirat, 

'^9  c/j*^  yoAirl.     See  Small-poz. — 

-(venereal),   4^Xi>-1  ^--^i;^  /raȣ 

hfnadi. 

xiticable,  ^jL%>^  mumkm.  [m&U. 

ctical,  ^XibC  ^mah,  ^UjCmiI  m^i^- 

ctically,  JUjcJUU  htl  isii^mdL 

ctice  (experience,  use),  JUjcu^t  m- 
'^fTid/,  i^-A^  ^amal;  (habit),  irjLe 
zi2<i/;  (custom),  i^j  rasm. 

ctise, «.  f^AS'  ^mal,  f^Aja^\  uta^mal, 
36  Perform,  Execute,  Do. — To  prac- 
se  artifice,   ^Ju»-  J«4x  ^nuU  hllah. 

o  practise  physic,  J^  hakkam. 
ctiser,  practitioner,  J^U  ^dmal.  See 
erformer.  Agent. 

g^atical,  ^lJlc  ..j."*^  Aia^fr  gkdUbah, 
36  Impertinent,  Intermeddling. — A 
■agmatical  fellow,  ^y^  fudnlh 
^matically,  ^lLc  d^M  hikatirat  gha* 

hah. 

196,  Uj  9an&f^J^  $hukr,  vjr^mJ  na^^, 
.iitf^  tt'tf^  (pL  uJLi^l  awsdf),  Jb«^>> 
HTM?,  -.  Jb«  modA.    The  praise  of  Ood, 

\\Jj:» ihukraUah.    Praire be  to Gk>d, 


aJJ/^l  aaJuhukr  tOah,  <dJ  jL4Jt  a/ 
hamd  iUah,  ^VaJ  ^JJ  j^ksM  al  hamd 
iUaM  ta^ala\  il^\^  SaJ\  ^dl  tOaki  al 
hamd  ical  minnat,  ^JiA^J^  hamdan 


iUah,  HeraiBedhiBeyes  towards  heaTen,  saying, 
Praise  be  to  theei  0  Lord,  0  Creator,  0  giyer 
of  all  good,  Thou  snppliest  whom  Thou  wilt 

without  reckoning,'UyJt  ^\  i^jo  ^JJ 

c-;L^^  'UJ  ^  jjy  .    But  he 

bad  read  in  books  that  if  any  one  attempt  to 
beguile  the  lion,  he  may  be  begged  by  him 
with  kind  words  and  m  rendered  gentle  by 

praise,  ^  ^  \^^\  ^\j  Ai  ^^ 
aKSU  9J^ ^H 4)  cJuarl 2^1  cJU- 


^^b^^^j 


1 


Praise,  9.  ^j^^  hamad.  To  praise  or  re- 
turn thanks  to  Gbd,  i\l\^^JL  ihdkar 
aUah,  ^\  ,f^  idbhah  allah. 

Praised,  ,^^*^A^  mamdnh,  i^yay^  maw* 
iHf,  Jyks^  fnahmUd,  Ju^^^.  hamid^ 
^mi<\n»^  muitahion,  j^JSi^  nuuhkUr. 

Praiser,  9.  S^\^  hdmid,  -.jU  tnddihf 
-.Ij^  madddhf  L^La\j  wdnf. 

Praiseworthy,  -Jl^JI  c^.-^!^  wdjib  al 
madh,  Jy^\  v.^^^ji«M^  mmtawjib  al 
hamd.     See  Laudable. 

Prank,  «.  » -i***^  matkhara. 


Prate,  prattle,  p.  CXl  r.  ^a22ajfc.  See 
Chatter.  [Talk, 

Prate,  prattle,  CXLb  ^ott.     See  Chat, 

Prater,  prattler,  «.  C^  ^<i7/^j(. 

Pray,  v.  (make  petition  to  heaven),  ^L^ 
9alld\  9/^  fiK^cirrag ;  (to  entreat), 
fjM^t  iltamoi.    See  Supplicate. 

Prayer  (to  heaven),  if^  ialut,  If  J  dn^d ; 
(submissive  importunity),  L>y  r^'d, 
_:^  tomanfif,  ^jmUcJI  Mimdt.     See 

Entreaty,  Supplication. 


PEE 


(880) 


PBS 


Preach,  v.  )a^^  wa^«i. 

Preacher,  «.   (Christian),  )2u^)  wa^\ 

(Mussulman),  t^^^Vi'-^^  hhMh. 
Preachment.    See  Sermon. 

Preaching,  «.  loitj  wa^^, )}  kar%.  Full 
oft  erents  hare  ronfled  thee,  but  ttiou  hast 
sought  to  Blumber;  and  preacliing  naa  drawn 

thee,but  thou  hast  been  refractory,uHt 

Preamble,  i«0^  mukaddanuU,  irW-d^ 

dlhajat,  iJa^  khwthat. 
Precarious,  j\J  ^U  malaho  kardr,  ^U 

cl:\J  mdlaho  tabdt,  cs^iU^  ^%»' 

See  Uncertain,  Dependent. 
Precariously,  ti^LJy-i  ^r*  •^•*  ^^^ 

sam,J^jij^  ^  min  ghayr  kardry 

\a)  h  hUd  hakd, 
Precariousness,j^/Sy^  ^adamalkarar, 

UJl  /•  J^  ^adam  al  hakd. 
Precaution,  CJ^J^Si  iaddruk,  tU^\  thti- 

ydty  ijifoi  haslrat,  ii\^\  intHdh,  jij>- 

]u(SMr.  [See  Warn,  Advise. 

Precaution,  v.  i^^UsJ  j*i3  A»(Wflm  i«mI/wi<. 
Precede,  v.  (take  rank,  go  before),  ^^ 

takaddam.     To  precede  in  point  of 

time,  j;--a  wJai,  v-iLi  «flfo/. 
Precedence,  precedency,  (•ilij  takaddam, 
ij\ju>  8addrat,j^  tasaddur.    See 
Superiority.  ^ 

Precedent,  preceding  (foregoing),  (•J^ 

«iwit(W^(?«OT,  Jil-»  <a**^.  ^^  ««^*/- 

See  Tormer,  Prior. 
Precedent,  s.  JaJ^Sjj^*^  dasiur  al  ^a- 

tnal,  Jl^  masal.     See  Example.  ^ 
Precedently,  ^USa^   mw^(?e^«»<in,  li 

itffi?a»,^UuL  sdhikan. 
Precept,  «.  A*s-aJ  »<MiA<i<,j^i  «»»♦■»  <'-«j 


*i^ji&i- 


Pieceptor,  J*«  ««j.flfl«»».  <-J>*r« 
rfiS.  And  the  wiM  iii«n  hath  »i  Tte  is- 
iag  inflicted  by  the  precrotor  b  •». S«^ 
trSnely  grieTOOs,  but  in  the  end  it  i.  s»*» 

than  darifled  honey,  ^^-^\  J'*  ■"- 
tySAj  Ju-dui  H-**  ''^^  *^''^^  "^i 

Freoeauon,  i*Sfc«  ntukaddmet. 
Precinot,  <tlp-^  OdteA,  jVjO  <J9*'.  r 

Precious  (ooeUy,  valuable),  ^^  «^^ 

jjjc  £«s».  u-s*  "«/*•'  wS*^  **>'^' 
f&khir.    See  Dear,  ValaaWe.-A? 

doQs  pearl,  i-*J*J^  '«^«'  "^ 
Precioos  effects,  ,^Uj  iw/Sy*  ^ 
loved  thU  pnng  lady.  I'^J"^)^.'" 


loved  this  young  lanj,  ■•»  "Jr*""',;,: 
have  described  unto  thee,  with  ei««h^^ 
so  that  he  brought  the  tr«*w«jf  H 
other  kings,  and  irith  them  boflt  for  te^ 
palaces,  each  of  a  particular  ta^ ,  ^' 
Was  of  crystal,  the  »e«>nd  of  imridt^^, 
of  the  iron  of  China,  the  fourth  of  bb:*^- 
precious  stones,  the  fifth  of  onyi,  the  ^ 

saver,  and  the  seventh  of  gold,  ^^ 
^li3  \^j  ^\  L-JU  JA  <«w  V 

Preciously,  ^  fPrH  *•  «9*«  H 
i»J  jL  W*o^  ifel»«rf-     Bee  TataSI 

Preciousness,  i^J  ifcl««^  See  »  ' 
Price,  Valuableness. 

Precipice,  Liu*^  »i«W,  J«?^  **" 
JL^j^    wartah,    t->H-« 

Precipitance,  precipitancy,  pw«ip^ 
(haste),  ^  J-^"  ta^^h  {^  ^ 


PKB 


(881) 


PSE 


recipitation,    preeipitating    (throwing 
headlong),  kuib  haht,  or  ]ffyJb  huhuL 

To  attack  with  precipitation,  _!Lc  ^sf 
kaham  ^M, 

recipitate,  r.  (throw  headlong),  )suib 
hahhat      To  precipitate  oneself  (into 

danger),  JLsJ)  cj  ^l^  _^  mffM*  hd- 

laho  fll  khatar ;  (to  &11  headlong),  kjb 

recipitate,     precipitous,      precipitant 
(hastj),    J^^   ^'^h   (imprudently 

^^^ty)>  j^f^  fmUahawwir.    See  Bash. 
— (yiolent),  Jij^\  jU-  had  al  mtMdj. 

recipitately,  precipitantly,^  Jj  h  hUd 
tadblr,  ^Lsf'  JG  hikol  ^jalah. 
*ecifle  (accurate,  exact),  ^^va^  tahih, 
fj^\^  kdmd;  (determined,  definite, 
limited),  J^Ss^  tnahdud,  ^j^^a^  tnu- 
^ayyan;  (formal,  finical),  t^^^r^-L^ 
L^i^UlC  sahib  idkdUufat.    See  Punc- 


tilious. 

ecisely  (exactly),  A^J J  ^J^  Uhol  dik- 

hat\    (definitely),    J^  Ju«^  ^c*.:^    hi 

tato^in  mahdud,  ImdAj^j^  ^  min 
'hayr  murdja^ah,  ^^^^^  ,J^  ^0^'  0/ 
'aJ^In ;  (ceremoniously,  formally),  ^}ij 

•ciseness,  precision  (exactness),  d^^ 
thhat,  Uj  dtlikai,  fjiti  kamal ;  (defi- 

iteness),  ^j.flnc^  tahklh.    And  enable 

t  by  thy  diTine  help  to  express  them  with 
eamess  and  precirioii,  and  guard  ns  from 
ror  in  narration,  and  keep  us  from  extrava- 
incy  even  in  pleaBantry,  so  that  we  may  be 
fe  and  secure  from  the  criticism  of  sarcastic 

n^aes,  ij\ii\  ^Le  ^le  lb  iJ  JmmJj 
lade,  V.  A^  haram,  ^^  mana^ 


Precluded,  (»^jS^  mahrUm,  J^J^  moT' 
dud,  f^yi^^^^  mamnfL^  [iah. 

Precognition,  Aa^L«  iijft^  ma^rifat  idbi' 

Preconceive,  v.  ^J*^\  ^j*^^j  (Jf^  sabak 
tea  adrak  Oihihy. 

Precontract,  9.  i^J^Lsl?^  short  mukad- 

dam,  d^J^Ss^j\Ji\^)a^  short  wo  ikrdr 
mtUakaddim.  To  precontract,  tJi  J^^x 

Precursor,  s.jJL^  muboshshirfjJj*ibosh\r, 

See  Forerunner. 
Predal,  predatory,  Uaj  yaghmd. 

Predeceased,  JJ  c^j^^  mutawaffl  kohl. 
Predecessor,  «.  ujLSLi  salif,  i*JkL«  mu- 
kaddam,  ^^Li  «d^fi(.     See  Ancestor. 

Predestinarian,  «.  (a  believer  in  predes- 
tination),  -» Jus)b  ti£sjL^  mu^takid  hit 

iakdlr;   \^\^jS^\j  jJcjut  mu^kid 
bil  kadri  walkada. 
Predestination,  j£ J^  tokdUr,  jJjuiiS  al 

mukaddar,  L^  kadd,  ^,^on)  nasib, 
^4yyJ  kismat.     See  Fate,  Destiny. 

Predestine,  predestinate,  v.  ^  jJj  kaddar 

^Ao,  ^Afij Jj  kaddar  ^alyih.  And  Thou 

hast  appointed  unto  Thj  creatures  what  Thou 
wilt,  and  what  Thou  haat  predestined  for  them, 
so  that  among  them  one  is  weary,  and  another 
is  at  ease ;  and  one  is  prosperous,  and  another 
is  like  me,  in  the  extreme  of  fatigue  and  the 

greatest  abjection,  ^  c:..^->»-C'v.  jljj 
(4^3  *V«-  ^^  ^J^*^  (4^^  ^  ^ 

Predestinator  (an  attribute  of  Omnipo- 
tence),  jjX«  mukaddir.  The  divine 
predestinator  of  death,  J^s^Jlj  jJU  mu- 
kaddir al  ajal. 

Prede8tined,jJ^  mukaddar, j^J^  mak- 

66 


PBE 


(882) 


F£E 


dur,  J^y^maw^iid,  Predestineddeath, 

Predetermination,  >*Jii^l  J^j^\  al  mu- 

rdd  al  mutakaddim. 
Predetermine,  v,  ^\  alham,  ^\  4^J^ 

i»AfcuH  j\j^\  hada*  ikf  al  murad  al 

muiakadditn. 
Predetermined,  jjL*  mukarrar. 
Predicament,  i]\»-hdlat,  JU-  hdl,  ^[Ji» 

ihdn,  >%lL«  makdm.     See  Condition, 

State,  Degree,  Glass.  [karrtr. 

Predicant  (one  that  affirms),  t^  mu- 

Predicate  (affirm),  j|^^  J-4wc  ^malikrdr. 

Predicate  (that  which  is  affirmed  of 

anything,  an  adjective  noun),  ^^.^j 

fffogf,  ^JLa  sifah.    The  subject  and  the 

predicate,  t^^|^  /♦•mJI  al  mukaddam 

wal  tdll. 

Predication,  j^^l  ikrdrf  «— ijyw  ta^f. 

Predict,  v, j^\  atmar,  tXcj wa^ad,  ^c-f^ 

tanahha\ 
Predicted,  ^^y  maw^d. 

Prediction,  «.  JU/a/,  j\jjl  tnsar,  ds.y 
maw^ad,  JlCj  wa^d,  J^^  wa^id. 

Predispose,  v.  j^»^  liaddar.    See  Prepare. 
Predisposed,  j^si^  muhaddar.    See  'Pre- 
pared, [ration. 
Predisposition,^^;M^a^  tahdlr.  See  Prepa- 

Predominance,  hc>^\  iatuld,  'Lj^t  istila, 

i^^^Stu  taghaUuh.     See  Superiority. 
Predominant,    %^U    ghalib^    ^yu^^ 

mustawlt.    See  Superior,  Prevalent. 
Pre-eminence,    aJJ^'    takaddum,  j^^p^\ 

imtiydZy   \sc^\  uH^f  %^\   uiila. 

See  Precedence,  Superiority. 
Pre-eminent,  J*a3\  afdal,\\s>.^^  mumtat, 

^  JJb^  mutakaddim,         [^kahl  al  wakt. 
Pre-establish,  v,  \.:l^^\  JL5  JLa  ^ayyan 


mi* 


Pre-established,  (.s^^^JJ^. 

^ayyan  kohl  al  waJU,  [mukdimi, 

Pre-establishment,    aJl£^^^««xJ  ihp 
Pre-exist,  JJ  *^y^  mw€^  idL 
Pre-existenoe,    aJia^J^^   tn^'iiv- 

kaddatH* 
Preface,  a.  ^«xL«  mMkaddamai,  i^^ 

dihdjat,  ^y^  ^anwdn.     To  pscb 

<U(XL«  J.4kC  ^amal  mukaddamet,  ^.*: 

Pre&cer,  £^J^\  Jl^U  ^SmtlWini^ 
Prefect,  i,  a^I^  Aditm,  ^\^  rdii,  .-• 

ndEtr.   See  Gbvemor,  Commando. 
Prefecture,  ^yl>-  AtduivMi^.     See  Gr^ 

emment.  Command. 
Prefer,  v.  (give  a  preference),  ^  ^ 

faddal  ^M,  ^PTj  rajjaik.     Thou  r 

ferest  to  hoard  coin  aboTe  cherishii:;> 
thoughts ;  and  thou  choosest  to  rear  t\^ 
rather  than  to  dispense  bounty ;  asd  '^& 
'  of  being  earnest  for  a  guide  to  dire^  • 
right,  thou  seekest  only  to  have  worldly  '^ 

visions  bestowed  upon  thee,  uli  ^ 

Preferable,    ^jMk>-f   o^n,    i^^^^^ 
aJuLxII  mtutawfib  al  takaddum,  ^» 

,^vs>*^t  /aytX  o^  ^tA.     And  he  ^ 

to  her,  She  threateneth  me  with  sUr ' 
and  forbiddeth  my  writing  to  her;  be:' 
write  not  to  her,  my  death  will  be  ^nirj 

to  my  life,  J:ia!L  (jj^  \^\  U  ^- 

Preferableness,  ^f^y  tarfik. 
Preference,  aJJu  takaddam,  m^^  '' 

dim,  f^J  tarfik,  J^r^  ^.^^^ 
'Preferment,  ^jj  tarakk^,  \3jJ^  jt^- 

See  Promotion. — (a  plaoe  of  hocs£' 


PRE 


(883) 


PRE 


profit),  \^^,a\^  mansah,  ^j^  marta- 

hat.     See  Office,  Dignity. 

referred  (considered  more  highly),  i»JiJU« 

faddal  fjtla\  Jewelled  gifts  are  dearer  to  thy 
heart  than  the  times  of  prayer,  and  lavish  ex* 
pense  in  dowers  is  preferred  hy  thee  to  alms- 
giving, lIXAaj  J^\  Cl^Ul  Ci-^\^ 

refiz^  V.  ^^^  nasab, 

refix,  3,  (a  particle  prefixed  to  words), 

refized,  <»JU.fl;^  mamilb. 

refixion,  prefixing,  i^J^  takdlm,  /^Jaj 

takaddum, 

regnancy,  Jt»>-  Aa&a/. 

regnant,  iX^  huhla\   To  make  preg- 

nant,  Jm»-  habhal».  See  Impregnate. 
To  become  pregnant,  l::^L'w  hiblat, 

'ejudge,  prejudicate,  v,  (decide  without 
information  cr  examination),  ^^  ^»^ 

^.c^U^   ^;iai»  mtn  yAoyr  ma 

fafhaa. 

ej  adice,prej  udic8tion(j  udgment  formed 

nrithout  examination),  ^jas^  lb  ^\j 
'ay  hUd  tafahhus;  (for  or  against), 
— ^  nnnnl  ia^asmb ;  (in  favour  of),  J^ 
»ay/;  (against),  ^jl^^^  tawauan ; 
detriment),  j^  (^eirar,  a[;L*£k.  i^^ 
dra.  See  Mischief,  Hurt,  Injury, 
)amage. 

^judice,  r.  (injure),  y^  dar.  See  Im- 
lair.  Hurt.  —  To  prejudice  (for  or 
igainst),  J^j\  }\  i^'^^nn'f  ta^MMhUa^ 
«7  <?iif ;  (in  fftvonr  of),  ^Jl  JU  hm!/ 

gudiced  (for),  ^\  i^^*nr\^  muta^M- 
ib  f2a' ;  (against),  ^^aicl^  muianaffir 


min ;  (in  favour  of)^  JjU  tndyl,  ^^\; 

rd^A«5. 
Prejudicial, y«^  mtidirr,  Ju«X«  mufiid. 

See  Injurious,  Detrimental,  Hurtful; 

Contrary,  Opposite. 
Prelection.     See  Reading,  Lecture. 
Preliminary,  8.  i^tXLt  mukaddamat. 
Preliminary,  adj,  |*Ju^  mukaddam. 
Prelude,  «.  preludium,  <UJ^  mtfJS;ai^ 

Premature,  tJi^jSt  J^  ib3/  a/  waht. 
Prematurely,  (j:^^1  J.J  ib^/  al  wakt. 

Prematureness,.  ^Ls^\  ij^  kasartU   al 
^jalat. 

Premeditate,  v,  tJ^'l>^JIf««  »dbdk  tea 
taammal,  JuoaJ  takaisad,j^]  admar. 

Premeditated,  Ju3i£«  muktasad,  *^asji^ 
dJuc  mM^i^amoi^  ^alayhi. 

Premeditation,  ^  niya^,  J^/t *ljf  taammtd, 
JudS  ^i,  (ji^jll  J^  ^^\j  ray  kabldl 
wakt.  See  Design. — Without  pre- 
meditation,  Ju4ju^^  ^^y  minghayr  to- 
^mmud.  With  premeditation,  tX^jCj 
hita^ammud,  \j^  kasdan.  To  speak 
with  premeditation,  ^*\sj  tS^  kaka^ 
bttaammul.  '      [ister. 

Premier.    See  First,  Chief;  Prime  Min- 

Premio,  y^^y  premio. 

Premises  (propositions),  cI^L«jX«  mu- 
kaddamdt,  cTjUaaJ  takaddumdt.  Tin- 
questionable  premises,  lUL**.^  cl^ U  SL« 
mukaddamat  mttsallamah.  Premises 
(houses  and  lands),  j\a£.  ^kdr  (pi. 
djljUf  ^aildrd^). 

Premium,  jflJ^yLJl  JuJ  himat  oistkHr' 
tdh.     See  Compensation,  Beward. 

Premonition,  i^^  noiihat. 

Premonitory,  ^<«^  nashi. 

Preparation,  cl^ljJ  taddruk,  jLsL^t 


PBE 


(884) 


PBE 


Utihdart  j\jjc>^\  uii^d,  J;*^  tak^ 

mil.  See  ProTision,  Apparatus,  Compodtioii. 
— And  be  ordered  his  ministers  of  state  to  pre- 
pare themselves  for  the  joomej,  and  to  get 
ready  his  luggage  and  everything  which  might 
be  required  in  such  a  dreumstanoe,  and  ac- 
«ordingly  they  oommenced  the  preparations, 

Preparative,  preparatory,  4^l^l^Uil  m> 

tihdiri. 
PreparatiTely,  oljjdb  hi  itti^ddd. 
Prepare,  v.  ,»a^  haddar.     And  be  lias 


been  with  me  two  years,  separated  from  his 
country ;  it  is  my  desire,  therefore,  that  we 
should  prepare  for  him  merchandise,  that  he 
may  depart  with  satisfaction  in  his  heart. 

Prepared,  U^^  muhayffd,jJLsr^  tnuhaddar, 
jjL^  mu^,j0^\»^  hddir,  Jjtfu*^  mus' 
ta^id.    See  Eeady.  [rutttb. 

Preparer, «.  f^s^  mukaddir,  \^^f^  mtf- 
Prepense.     See  Premeditated. 
Preponderance,   preponderation,    'r^j 

Preponderate,  v,  ^j  rajjah. 

Preposition,  9.  *— i^  ^f' 
Prepossess,  9.  (impress  with  prejudices), 
jjyl  assar  fi.     See  Prejudice. 

Prepossession.     See  Prejudice,  Prejudi- 
cation. 
Preposterous  (topsy-turvey),   l^^IS^ 
maklub,  ^jM^ijL^  tna-^kus,  ^j^^^L^  man^ 
kui.    See  Absurd,  Foolish,  Eidiculous. 
Preposterously,  ^ytSji\i  htl^ak8,i^9jiA^\i 

htlmaklnh, 
Preposterousness,  ^j^Xc  ^aki. 
Prepuce,  t— olx  ghalafy  XaLc  ghulfat, 
l^resage,  presagement,  ^^X^  hihwU  (pi. 


fM^\  ahkdm),  Jli  y^     See  Oao, 

Prognostic. — To  presage,    (JVsu.;^ 
darab  flih    See  Prognostic. 
Presbyter,  «.  ^\^  h&hm,  ;^  dimfik 

Prescience,   l^i  ijwH  Jlc  ^tZsi  ml  gkfi 

Jhu  ta^akhd.     See  Foresigbt 
Prescient,  presdoos,  v^  -.j.irt^  Jl^  ^aSmt. 

ghayh  To  be  prescient,  J^ju  ts^jHd 
Prescribe,  v,  (order,  direct),  jJ^j^j 

rasam.  See  Command. — ^To  presmix 
as  a  physician,  i^^A^^  wataf.  To  "pr 
scribe  bounds,  J^  Jls)1  ^^  ^n^  ^ 
hudUd,  iy^Ss^\  JJ^  haddad  al  kmiU 
Prescribed,  prescript,  ^  (^^"^^  mfaiixm 
hihif  ^^^i^  mafrnd,  My^y 


At  the  term  presoribedi  43^«X£^\  jkx^ 
hiXhjod  4d  fnahdad. 
Prescription,  prescript  (precept,  mcdei 
iftX£.\j  kd^idahj  ^  rmtm  (pi.  /»j*-^«r> 
mm),  ^U  rdhftah  (pi.  ^^^j  rmcoi^ 
See  Order. — (ancient  custom),  iS^ 
<iLa.cx   ^dd(U   ^Ukah.       A   medie^ 

prescription,  *-Xs)^  isufj  wtufii  < 
hak^m. 
Presence  (state  of  being  present),  ^c^ 
wujud,  jy^^-  hudiir,  5jmd»^  hak^ 
(pi.  ll:\j,^2s^  hadrat) ;  (air,  demai 
our),^  mnar,  i^^  wajk,  8ee3Ci:i 
Port. — The  presence  of  Gkxi,  ili^  J*?-. 
wujUd  allah.  The  presence  of  a  kk: 
...UaLJl  -Aff^  fMthdar  auuUdn,    Tit 


presence  chamber,   aUJI  ^^j£J  ii»*> 


al  cdiTi. 


Present  (not  absent),^U.  hddir,  ^^f 
mawjud.  To  be  present,  -^U^^ 
kan  hddir.  Present  (not  past,  bo: 
future),  JUJ|  aihdl,j^\^\  viJ^'  * 


FBE 


(885) 


PRE 


calt  al  h&dir;  (at  hand,  read7),^l>- 
^ddir,  Cf«  muhaysfd,  ojl^  mu^.  See 
Prepared. — The  present,  time  presenty 
^:^^\\dJb  hoMdalfaaJd.  Thepresent 
ensei^Wl  ai  h6dir.  At  preaenty 
,Ji\  aldn.  See  Now. — The  present 
lay,  ^jJ!  at  ffowm,  /^^\  \jJb  Hmo.  ai 

fawm.     To  the  present  day,  \jJb  ^\ 

Ji\  Ha*  hata  aldn.    Present  or  ready 

aoney,  v/«Xfl3  nakdf. 

saent,  s.  ifi^Lrc^  hakhahUh,  ^JJb  ha- 

Jiyat,  A  present  to  bribe  a  jadge,  i^j 

ashwat»  .Set  Bribe.— For  what  reason  hart 
hoa  presented  to  me  thia  presept  F  Tell  me 
hine  affair,  and  acquaint  me  with  thy  want ; 
nd  if  I  be  able  to  perform  it,  I  will  perform 
t  for  thee  thia  moment,  without  placinf  tiiee 
nder   the   necesnty   of   wearying    thyielf, 

^J1i:Xj>-^n/!IU.    And 

he  said,  0  my  son,  I  desire  of  thee  the  present 
>r  the  good  tidingflh  When  I  heua  these 
rords  my  soul  retomed  to  my  body,  and  I 
eplied,  Thou  shalt  reoeiye  firom  me  eyerything 

bat  is  good,  CX!;^  Jjjt  c/J^j  Ij  (j:^\jj 

isent  (make  a  present),  ^JLnc^  hakh- 
lash,  C;^^j  wahab,  LtXIb  ^J^^  ^^^ 
adiytU,  See  Offer,  Give. — ^To  present 
aeself  (before  another),  yia»»  heder, 
ee  Appear. — ^To  present  a  complaint, 
>\iJi»  d^*X3  iaddam  ihahdyat, 

sentation,  ^^jt  ^nrJ,  an»  JiJ  iakdim. 
sented,  i<^t«  mu^,  4^«Xf«  muhda\ 
«AA^  mukaddam.  [See  GKyer. 

senter, «.  ^)m^  mm^d,  w^*^^  mnAti. 
B^ntly  (immediately),  ]IL»-  Adflois. 
ee  Present. 


Preserration,  ua».  Aa/!^  ^LUiW*  mu^- 
faaatf  Aj\^  siydtkU,  <uUi>>  hitndyat, 
LAj^  hirdioi, 

"FreBexve,  v.  )ai>^  hafaii,  l/*"^  hama*, 
^l^  fSn.  To  preserve  fruits,  etc., 
^^  J4x  ^iMHo^  fMi/rahhd,  See  Con- 
feet.— ^pickle),  (jl^  (J«4X  ^arnoZ  vm- 

khallal.  Then  he  drew  near  to  her  aad  said. 
May  heaven  avert  and  angels  preserve  thy 
fiither  from  beii^  afflicted  with  evil  on  thy 

acooont!  cJL&U.  l^  jUj  yi  ^^Sj  ^ 

Breserye,  a.  (fruits  preserved  with  honey, 
sagar,  etc.),  ^^^  mmra!bha\  ^yf^ 
macjun.     See  Confect. 

Preserved,  lyi*^  ma^fls,  {j>*yj^^  »wA- 
rfi«.      See    Defended.  —  (as    froits), 

TresGner,  $.  loil^-  hdfigy  kilor^  miiA^/^* 
See  Ghiardian. — A  preserver  of  fruits, 
etc.,  ij^j^  (J^lfi  ^mal murabha\  See 

Ck>nfectioner. 
Pireside,  v,  jJu^lb  ijjii  ka^  hmadr. 
Presidency,  presidentship,  j Ju^  aadr. 

President, «.  (^/m^j;  rayyia,  ^^tXs^\  \j^»^j 
rayyii  al  majlia. 

Press,  V,  (compress),  Jh^  dayyak; 
(squeeze),  ^jos-  ^asa.  To  press  upon 
in  battle,  4^  hajdm.     See  Assault, 

Attack. — (to  blockade),  j^a^  haaar, 

jfc\»^  hdaar.    See  Besiege.  r-Then  she 

descended  frx>m  the  tree,  and  drew  near  to 
him,  and  came  to  him,  and  embraced  him» 
pressing  him  to  her  bosom,  and  began  to  kiss 

him,  ijSSXJ^\  jy  ^  tsJ^  L|J\  ^ 


Press,  a,  (for  olives,  grapes,  etc.),  i 


ma^aarat. 
Pressed  (8queezed),jr^*dJt^  ma^r,j>aMji^ 


PEE 


(886) 


PB£ 


muH^Mtr.  See  Comprtsaed. — The 
pressed  juioe  of  fruit,  ^Lor  ^uidrat. 
Pressed    (closely  besieged),  jymA,^ 

Pressor,  jLoc  ^M«c2r. 

Pressure,  yid»-  hatr  \  (oppreasioni  griey- 

ance),  4^«^  ta^addl,  j^  jawr,  Jd? 

%ulm,j^  hahr;  (impression),  ijflis.  ^a- 

Idmai,  t^j  fwm,^!  omt  (pi. jl?^  OBdr), 
Presume,  v.  (suppose),  ^J^y  tawahham, 

mCj  %a^am.    See  Imagine,  Hope. 
Presumer,  »,  (supposer),  m£\j  sd^tm. 
Presumption   (supposition),    aI^J  ca^m, 

^j^^AoeT  takhmin,  J^  %ann,jyM  tasaw- 

wir,  c\Ss>£\  t^tikddf  jU:xf^  i^mad. 
See  Conjecture,  Belief. — ^Presumption, 

presumptuousness  (arrogance),yIC  ta^ 
hahhur,  ij\jMD^ja8dratfj\S:i^\Ut%kbdr* 

Presumptive  (supposed),  jy^^^-^  muta- 
tawwir.  Presumptive,  presumptuous, 
presuming,  »f^^  mifUahaXhvr.  See 
Arrogant,  Insolent. 

Presumptuously,  j  9/^  Ugfmr^r,  See 
Impudently,  Arrogantiy. 

Presuppose,  v.  i^^jJ'  J-J  u^  fwrad 
kdbl  auamdn.     See  Preconceive. 

Presupposed,  j^^jJ^  J-J  u^^j^  nu^rUd 
kdbl  aaamdn. 

Pretence,  Xl<^  htlat,  jSc  ^uxr,  ^JU 

^at,  JXj  ta^Uid,  See  Excuse.—, 
A  weak  pretence,  JJlc  JJuu  ia^llul 
^M,  Pretence  (claim),  t^^*^  da^to(^. 
See  Pretension. 
Pretend,  v.  (allege  falsely,  act  hypo- 
critically), (JJju  ta^attal.  See  Peign. 
— To  pretend  or  lay  claim  to,  |J-•^ft 
kJ^  v/^^  ^anui/  da^wn^  t^''  ^-^ 
^;^  ^o/ffi  miiu    And  the  King  was  re« 


m  J       4 


[t' 


dining ;  and  when  he  head  his  w^  s£ 
his  unde  mentioning  Mm  and  spcibs^  !«^ 
specting  him,  he  pretended  ihat  he  ws&a^^ 

and  listened  to  their  conversatian,  ^^4 

Pretender  (daimer),  ^ 

boaster),  ^^^^  vMmda^. 
Pretension   (claim),   t^  da^  : 

da^t^f  IcJ^  iddi^d. 
Preterite  (tense),   ^^UH  Jjo  /J  • 

Preternatural,  ^jlJ^j^  ^*«r  ^; 

Irregular. 
Pretematurally,  iJuJa!^  Jy^  iW  i^* 

Pretematoralnesa,  uJlLa^^^^^*^*^ 

Pretext,  Jtb^Jji  ^tar  te^il.    Seeh 

tence. — And  if  he  allege  as  a  peteit  :<  • 
that  he  is  a  k^g,  we  are  also  kmgs,  ^ ' 
sons  of  Idnn;  and  if  he  alleee  as  a  qk^ 
us  the  loTdiness  of  his  dangnter,  t£r  » 

our  sister  is  more  lovely  than  she,  ^- 

Prettily,  ^M  JCj  hiM  hUf,  i|;L-.- 

hikol  suurdfat 
Prettiness,  ^j;***^  &«»,    JU^^ 

Pretty,  J,jAa.y«i»!f,  fc-iJU  Wi/  ^ 
Beautifiil,  Elegant  —  (in  some  r- 
sure),  U  J  itot^^fln.  See  Somev^- 
Tolerably. 

Prevail,  1^.  (to  be  i»  ftwe  or  f*^ 
if  jUSI  t^lsr  jU  idrjdnd  ^diti*  •' 
prevail  or  prevail  over,  v--Ji  /^ 


PEE 


(887) 


PH 


^  tafar.    To  prevail  upon  (indaoe), 
pu.:i  hma^     See  Peraoade. 

emailing,  prevalent  (victorioas),  c^U 
fhdieb,  ^jiM^  muttawH,  See  Supe- 
:ior;  Powerfnl;  Porcible. — (current), 
^j\^  jdri,  ^^y*^  iftmUmh  See 
Fashionable,  Common,  General, 
evalence,  i^Snj  taghaUuh,!^]  utild. 
See  Superiority.  —  (currency),  ^\^j 
rawdj. 

-evalently,  i^jj  Jij  hikolkudrat.   See 
Powerfully.  —  (currently,  generally), 
[^y%s>  ^umUman,  /^y^\  ^^  ^X^  \^ 
toafh  al  ^ttiitfim.     See  Fashionably, 
revaricate,  v.    ^Jc  hagha\   Jyi  iM, 

revarication,    Xm^m.«    tna^iyai^    ^Jo 

revaricator, «.  v/J^^cl^  muta^addlf  ^^\e>^' 
khdyin.  [See  Obstruct,  Anticipate, 
revent,  v.  ^:m«  tnana^,  u^j^  ta^drad. 
revented,  ^y^^w*  mamnn^,  Jj  Ju*^  mof- 
</tt  J,  JumX«  imifiMMl.  See  Obstructed, 
re  venter,  ^^  f»i4»»^,  ^jo^lit^inM^Arfii^. 
revention,  ^:m«  num^,  ^Um»  miimd- 

9ia^0^,  L/ir^  to^omft^.  See  Hindrance, 

Obstruction,  Anticipation. 

reventional,    preventing,    preventive, 

mjLt  mdiit^,  (jOj^Jf^  mu^rtd.    See 

Preventer. 

revious,  JJ  kahl,  J^iLi  <dii2.    Pre* 

vious  to  this,  \iJb  J^  ^{  hoMd. 

reviously,  iJ  kabhn,  JJ  ^  mm  io^Z, 
^L«pl  JJI  kabl  anamdn. 

rey  (hunted  or  seijEod  to  be  devoured), 
<ayj;    (plunder),  Um   yaghmd^ 
,^  gkanlmtU.     See  Booty,  SpoO, 
Bavage,  Bapine. 
rey,  r.  C/*:/^^  ifianu.    See  Eat,  De- 


vour.—To  prey  upon  (rob,  spoil),  ^J-i^ 
UJu  ^ama/  yaghmd.  See  Plunder. 
Price,  JuJi  ibfma^,  ^^^  aomaM,  yK«0  n^r 
(pL  jUirft  M^dr).  See  Bate,  Value, 
Estimation,  Equivalent,  Beward. — The 
price  of  blood  (compensation  for  mur- 
der), hd  diyat.  See  Mulct.—- Price 
paid  by  a  captive  for  liberty,  \ji  fidd 
orfadd.  See  Bansom. — High  price, 
^U  ^jAj  toman  ^dh.    See  Valuable, 

Precious. — According  to  the  current 
or  market  price,  jSutiS  y^^^^^^y  ^ja 
^^jLbJI  ^M  mHjib  Mst^  aljdri.  "With* 

out  price,  ^»y^^,   hild  taman.     And 

his  goods  are  in  our  charge,  to  we  denre  to 
sell  tiiem,  and  to  take  a  oertiflcate  of  their 
price,  in  order  to  conrey  it  to  hu  family, 

^^^ 

Prick,  V.  (pierce  with  a  small  puncture), 

^jtussTnakhM,  See  Pierce,  Sting,  Qoad, 

Spur. 
Prick,  $.  ijasT  nakhaat.   See  Puncture. 
Pricked,  J  aicu  numkhUM,   See  Pierced. 
Pricker,  «.  (sharp  instrument),  jJsL^ 

tnankhM,   See  Piercer,  Bodkin,  Awl. 
Prickle,  «.  il^  eunhtdai  (pi.   JjU«i 

sandhil),  iiyJL  ihawkat.    See  Thorn. 

Pride,  ^.I-CJ  takabhur,  ^j^  lihriyd, 
jLismi]  uiikidr,  aLu  ia^auum.    See 

Vanity,  Ineolence,  Loftinees,  Eleration,  Of- 
tentation,  Decoration,  Splendour.— 0  moat 
ignorant  of  the  beaata  of  prey,  and  most  atnpid 
of  the  wild  beasts,  hast  then  forgotten  thy 
haughtiness  and  insolence  and  pride,  and  thy 
disregarding  the  rights  of  companionship,  aod 
thy  iUMtaimng  from  being  advised  by  the  say- 
ing of  the  poet?  ^\^  *  ftl-*JI  J^^r'^ 


♦  ^* 


PBI 


(888) 


PW 


Prieet,  «.  ^jib\^  idhm,  ^j-JIi  hisHs. 
Priesthood    (offloe    of  priest), 

kusHiiyai,  Cl>y^  lahnitt 
Primacy,  ^«J^  mukaddanuU. 
Primarily,  i^\  awwalan,  iljJ^    J  fll 
Primarineas,  JJ\  Oil  IbidaytU, 

Primary,  ^X^\  ath.    See  First,  Original. 

Primate, «.  (chief  ecclesiastio),  ^^'^^'^ 

sadr  addln. 
Prime  (chief,  most  excellent),  ^X^\  ash, 

cJ^\  ashraf,  J-ai\  afdal     See  Best, 
Principal,  Excellent,  Original,  Pirst; 
Early,  Blooming. 
Prime,  t.  ^L.^  it^h.     See  Dawn. — 
The  prime  or  best  part,  ^^  ^oyn. 

The  prime  of  life,   c^U^t  u^.^ 

^anfawdn  oihshdbdh.   Prime  cost,  J^\ 

Ia>^\  obI  al  kimai. 
Primeval,  primevous,  primitive  (ancient), 

^  Jj  kadifn,  fj^  ^atlh.  See  Original. 
Primitive.    See  Formal,  Precise,  Solemn, 

Grave. 
Primitively  (originally,  at  first),  U*xL« 

mukaddamanf  j^i  awwalan. 
Primitiveness,  f^i^t^\  Jl»-  hdl  al  kadim. 

See  Formality,  Preciseness,  Gravity, 

Simplicity. 
Primogenial  (first-bom),  jCj  hihr.    See 

Primary,  Original,  Elemental. 
Primogeniture,  ^j^,  hukUriyat. 
Primordial,  Jjl  awtcal.    See  Original. 
Prince,  #.   (sovereign),   ^^UaL*    ttdtdn, 

klJx^  malik,j*^\  amir.    See  Emperor, 

King.— (the  son  of  a  king),  diUl  ^\ 
ibn  al  ntalik.  There  was,  in  the  time  of  the 
Khaleefeh,  the  Prince  of  the  Faithful,  Haroon 
Errashid,  in  the  city  of  Bagdad,  a  man  called 

Esaindibad  the  Porter,  ^^^J       ;     \J 


jb*^\  ^  JI54  i>rj  ^^^.  ^:^ 

J- 

Princedom,  I«/^  iWhlMtf^.  SeeFnat 

pality* 
Princess,  f.  (a  woman  faaviog  wterer 

command),    ^Xl«   indUkai,  ^^ 

atdtdnat;  (a  king's  d«aghter),c- 

CL<U1  &«ii^  al  maia. 
Principal,  ^\  a$n,  jUx^  fmdUL  y 

Ghie^  Capital,  Essential. 
Principal,  «.  (a  chief),  ij»^j  ''W*  * 

Chief,  Leader,  President,  Gora»jr.- 

A  principal  or  principal  sum,  JW' v^ 

rd8  dl  mdh 
Principality,   «.    iju9^    amdrat.    ^ 

Sovereignty,  Kingdom,  Prorince;  ^ 

dominance. 
Principally,^U^«as^  kkuiiUan. 
Principle  (element),  j^aUC'   ^wuv  ] 

jjc^  ^ndsir) ;  (original  cause).  ^. 

asl,  jJmx^   moidar.      See  OrigKi- 

(motive),  t^^.^^  wbab,  ci^b  U:.^- 

(tenet),  t--^J^«MW*<i*.    SeeOiKE:^ 
Print, «.  ^^  ^a^.   See  Mark,  Impes 

Print,  •.  j^  te&»^.  See  Mark,  IbF 
eion. — The  print  of  a  fbot,y'  «■"• 

Prior,  •.  (of  a  monastery),  ^J^}^  \r. 
roffi  amMdn,     See  Abbot. 

Prior,  j»JJl  akdavh  |*3is^  sMrfaWfi* 

Priority,  /^^  takaddum.  See  Antiqer 

Precedence. 
Priory.     See  Abbey.  [*** 

Prism,  ^yuuJL^  months  (pL^^Lt  •''^ 

Prison,  t,  u'»f^  h^»  4^;^  •^• 
Prison,  V.  (^/--^  *flft«.    See  Impni* 
Prisoner,  «.  ^^--t^  «rfr,  tTJi"*^  ■**^*^ 
^^ff***^  mo^f  an.     A  priaoner  rf  "^ 
t-^y»-  -^\  atlr  karh.   See  Captim 


FBI 


(889) 


PEO 


'ristine,  ^X^\  oiti^  fji\^  idhitf  aJOJ 
kadlm.   See  Ancient,  Former,  OriginaL 

MvBoy  (retirement),  i^\j>^  Ihalwai; 
(state  of  being  secret),  U:^!  M/d ;  (a 
place  of  retirement),  i^^  ihalwai. 
See  Secrecy,  Frivitj;  Betreat. 

^riyate  {9lone),Jk>^^mutawahhid,Jjis^ 
mutafarrid;  (secret),  iJ^  muihfi, 
jfMu%  ifUM^fir ;  (not  pnblic,  particular), 
yj^^}M%y  ^yojB^ maklwilA.  Private 
effects,  X^U^  \}^y^  amwdl  khdsat.  A 
priTate  apartment,  ;>LMa^.  See 
Privacy. 

^vately  (secretly),  i^  tirran.  Privately 

and   publicly,  j^-f^^  U««  tirran    wa 
jaharan, 
riration,  i^iXe   ^adam^  f\iix\   i^idm^ 

v,^  ^^  talb.  See  Deprivation,  De- 
position, Degradation, 
rirative,  i»^Li  sdlib,  ^Jj^  mu^m.  A 
privative  particle,  ^^Jlmj  uJ^  Aof/foi^. 
rivilege,  m.lzj  \j  laraatfii\j\x^  mu^fdh, 
j^ji^^^^mansMr.  See  Immunity,  Patent, 
rivilege,  v.  uJlit^  ^Lui  ^amalaho  mu^df, 
rivileged,i^\K^mu^df.  See  Exempted. 
rivity(con8cioasneBs),j^ifcAa&ir,  ^i^t 

ri  vy  (conscious),^^  ij^y  ma^ho  khahar, 
Jig  i^m\^  wdhif  ^Mf    lJx  ^ix« 

fnuttali^  ^aU.      Privy  to   a  secret, 

^Z^S  Jfiv.lj  ddhkil  auir.      A    privy 
coancillor,^J^  mudahUr^  jlj^  waalr. 

Privy-purse,  ^Is^l  J^^^  amwdl  ai 

JkhAudh. 

-iv7»  f.  aJIcL  f^S\  adab  khdna.     A 

public  privy,  ^Qj.;^  ionl/l     A  cleanser 

3f  priviesy  AiU>.  ^^JJ1  Jj*^  «im^iissi7 

i^e,  «.  ^JO^  ^awad.     See  Reward, 


Premium.<^booty),  <l4g:>f  ghanxmai. 

See  Plunder. 
Prize,  V.  jLusf  dd  Ji4X  ^amoZ  Jo^  i^ibdr. 

See  Esteem,  Bate,  Yalue. 
Prized  (esteemed),  ^^^iM^  mu^iaiaTf  /^J^ 

mukarram. 
Prize-figbter,  t.  ^1^  SaAiai^dn. 

ProbabiUty,  JUoa-l    «A^tmd7,    ^liL«f 

tmtofi.     See  Possibility. 
Probable,  fJ^4S>M:^  muhtofnal. 

Probably,  JU&».f  J^  Uiol  iktimdh 
f^AS^  ffuhiamal. 

Probation,  JJo  dalll,  ^Uy  hurh&n, 
CL^UI  M^d^,  ^Ul«l  imtihan.  See 
Proof,  Trial,  Examination ;  Noviciate. 

Probatum  est,  u^-^lj  t^^/ti^. 

Probity,  ^U1  amdfkU,  uJLa}t  tiM^/l 

Problem,  t.  jCuL^  nuuhial. 

Problematical,4U:Lu*^  mu»htahah,i£j[u^  ij 
hihi  mundta^t,  ^jLs^jtx,  ghayr  mU' 
hakkak.  See  Uncertain,  Doubtftil,  Dis- 
putable. 

Problematically,  ^jJli  1L  h%ld  gakin. 

Proboscis,  (^j^js^  khartam.     See  Snout, 

Nose. 
Procedure,   ZX«U^  mu^malai,   di^ 

iuluk.      See  Management,   Progress, 

Proceeding. 
Proceed,  v.  ^Ic  ^jf  J  ddwam  ^ala\jAsJ{ 

^ir  Utamar  ^aia\      See  (xo,  Pass, 

Advance.— (to    act,   transact),   ^}aa 

^nud.    To  proceed  against  one  at  law, 

^]j  rd/a^,  lJ^i5**^'  inda^a^  ^aU. 
Proceed,  proceeds,  ji^U- AdWZ.  Net  pro- 

.ceeds,  ^U  #4/!.     See  Produce. 
Proceeding,  part.  joU  9ddir,    Jf^  n*  -f 

mmiSMtX;  (transaction),  J^ix  ^oma/. 

See  Procedure,  Process. 

Process.   Aj^  ^anud.  isT^^  matlahat. 


PRO 


(800) 


FBO 


/  . 


See  Proceeding,  Progrees. — A  proceBs 
at  law,  ^LLfU^  mu^malai,  ^u^ai  kadi- 
yat,  ^^^(3  da^a*  or  t^J  da^wd. 
Process  (method,  management), 
tarM,  |*Ua3  nkdm. 

Procession,  s,  Hj^d  dawra.     To  make  a 

procession,  »;^ J  Ji4x  ^amdl  dawra. 

Proclaim,  p.  ^^JlJ  ndda\  j^\  athhar. 

Proclaimed,  ^  (^«3^  mundda*  hih*. 

Prodaimer,  t .  ijc\i>^  munddl. 

Proclamation,  jl^\  uhMr,  ^Ji£\  i^n, 

ir^jL^  mandddh.  Afterwards  he  used 
to  ride  to  the  chaae  and  hunting,  and  to  go 
about  through  the  citiefl  and  proTinces  that 
were  under  nis  rule,  making  proclamation  of 
safetj  and  security,  and  doing  as  do  the  kings, 

J«ij  c^^?^^!^  J^^^.  s^*>W.^  ^^^^ 

Proconsul,  JmaiSSI  i-^l3  naff^alkumul. 

Proorastinate,9.^t  akhkhar,  Jjf  ^awwak, 

j^\j  Ja,^  ^amal  tdkhlr.     See  Defer, 

Delay,  Put  off.  [Dilatoriness. 

Procrastination,  j^  Ij  idkhir.  See  Delay, 
Procrastinator,  J^y   fnu-akhtr  (Jj^ 

mutawwUf  Jfib/*  fmumahhU. 
Procrastinated,  />-y  mH'okhar. 
Procreate,  v,  ^  kawwan,  jJj  weled. 

See  Beget. 
Procreated,  ^^^^^   tnutakkawan,   t^^y 

tnawlnd.  To  be  procreated,  jJy^ou^a/^. 
Procreation,  jJy  tawUd,  ^\:J  tandttd. 

Procreative,  procreant,  jJy«  muwaUid, 
Procreativeness,  jJ^\  i^  kuwat  attawtld, 
Procreator,  $.  jJlj  wdlid^  S^y  muwaUid. 

See  Father. 
Proctor,  9»  J^  waklL     See  Procurator. 

— A  proctor  at  law,  \j£  jil  ^J-^j  wakll 

'Ma^wd, 


Proctorship,  ^l^  toakdki. 

Prooorahle,  J*^^  ytUahautL 
Procuracy.    See  Management. 
Procurator,  <.  J«^  imiiil,  ^L«  Mie* 
«Aw',  ^y«'^  ffia-0Hlr.    See  Manags.- 
A  procurator-general,  (jilr^  J^^  iw^ 

Procure,  r.  J.i>-  Aomo^,  Jl3  nd/.   Se 

Obtain,  Gkiiu,  Acquire,  Manage,  Ox- 

trive;  Persuade.  [Obtmei 

Procured,  J-o^^  muhasiod.   See  Giivi 

Procurement,  procuration,  i^yosCUk^ 

^]yj>^  huiiil.     See  Acquisition. 

mmnf,  ji 


Prodigal, 

Prodigality,  uJ]^\  wrd/. 
Prodigally,  uJ|^^  J^  hthd  itrdf. 

Prodigious,  c-^^  t*!^^»  S-'i^  t^ 

See  Wonderful,  Amazing,  Monstn^ 

Prodigiously,  t,,..^.;^^  c^  frt    j 

Prodigy, «.  u;.^  t*!^'^,  Cr-i W*^   . 

^qfab  al  ^dy%b,  L^  f^fihd  j. 

c^ls^  ^q;dyt}>  ci^USb  ^tddmai 
Produce,  v,  (bring  to  view  or  m(^ 

A^  kaddam,j^  asdar.     To  prodr 

proof,  iZJU)\  AtX3  kaddam  Mdi,  ^; 

dbrm.     See  Prove. 

Produce  (whatever  anything  yidd^  * 
fruits,  grain,  etc.),  J-*lr^  ^ 
J^ofifls^  mit^/;  (emolument),  j-* 
fw/^,  if  Jwli  fdyidaty  htk^  ma^^i-: 
See  Qain,  Profit,  Amount;  Fruit. 

Produced  (offered  to  view),  *>^y  •* 
jadyjjj^  «Mi5r6s;  (generated),  ^ 
mawUid, 

Production,  ^^^^  iahufin,  Sisf}  '^ 
j\dJ\  isddr,  j\j3\  Ordi;  (a  hsac 
composition),  ujLi.a7(«mi/t  ^^  "^ 


PEO 


(891) 


PRO 


TroducfiyefSiymwffallid.  SeeC^eatiye, 

Efficient,  Fruitful. 
Proem,  8.  ^LjJ  dlb&jat,  A^«Va^  mu- 

kaddamat.     See  Prefeuse.  [ti§dnU. 

E*rofanation,  ^,m  j  ^\J  tanjls,  (jmnJjJ 
Profme,  ,^y^  J  dunyoMl,  See  Irreverent, 

Polluted,  Wicked.  [See  Pollute. 

Profane,  v.  {j**-^  noj^'as,  ^^  J  dannas. 

Profanely,  (^\p>^^  ^  hUd  ihtirdm. 

E^rofaneness,  /J\ji^\  /^Sc  ^adamalihti' 
rdm.    See  Irreverence,  Wickedness. 

Profess,  V.  j^\  asthar,  ^*i^\  inda^. 
See  Acknowledge,  Confess,  Own,  De- 
clare.— To  profess  friendship,  j-^\ 
<lZ^I  aahar  al  tnuhabhaL 

Professedly,  I^U?  zdhiran. 

Profession,  g.  (calling),  J\^  idr,  iij^ 
hirfaty  ix^  aan^at  See  Art,  Occupa- 
tion, Tocation.— (dedaration),  (— ii yu 

t^trdf.     A  profession  of  fledth  or  be- 
lief, if Jlfl  $hahddat. 
^rofeesor,  ».  (public  teacher),  (jmjJ^ 

tnudarrii,   Jjl^   mu^alUm.     To  give 

public  lectures  as  a  professor,  i/^t3 

darroB,  [posal. 

'roffer,  ^JiJ  tahdlm.     See  Offer,  Pro- 

roffer,  r.    ^Jj   haddam.      See  Offer, 
Propose, 
roffered,  m^xSl^  mukaddtm. 

rofTerer,  m^ja^  mukaddim. 

roficiency  (improvement  in  learning, 
etc.),  \ajj\  irtikd,  clcJ\  iniifli^.  See 
Progress. 

mm 

roficient,  4.  ^y/^  muiarakJ^, 

roOle,  d>-jl1uji^  na»f  al  wqfh;  (a 
likeness  in),  ^^\  imJuaUj  ifjlyoS  tat- 
totrah  hi  naif  dl  wqfh. 


Profit,  idAi  fayidaty  ^o  naf^^  hdx^ 

fnanfa^at,  c\scj\  intifd^.    See  Oain, 

Advantage,  Advancement,    Improve- 
ment. 
Profit,  V,  (gain,  advantage),  ^oj\  inta- 

fa^;  (to  give  advantage),  wa}  naffa^. 

Dost  tboa  think  that  thy  state  will  profit  thee 
when  the  time  of  thy  departure  shall  visit 
thee  P  or  that  thy  riches  will  save  thee  when 

thy  deeds  shall  damn  thee?  ^^\  f^j^\ 


i^^^^MMl 


Profitable,  Jua^  mu/ld.        [See  Profit. 

Profitableness,  isAifdytdai,  ij\s\ifdd(U. 

Profitably,  if  JjU  J^  hiiolfdyidat,  ^^yj 
Jui^  iifiaw^n  mu/ld. 

Profitless,  isAih  hUdfdyidai. 

Profiigate,  ^jj^  fdiih,  ^\i  fdjiry  Ju.»li 

fdiidfjijJ^  ikarf^r,  ^JJit  ihaki.     See 

Shameless,  Wicked. 
Profligate,  i'^^fdjiTf  j^y*  mvuiwwir. 

See  Scoundrel,  Villain. 
Profligateness,  profligacy,   jLui  fa$dd, 

jJU  shar.    See  Wickedness,  Yillany. — 

How  long  wilt  thou  persevere  in  delusion,  and 
relish  the  pasture  of  oppvession  ?  How  looff 
wilt  thou  oe  extreme  in  thy  contumacy,  ana 

persist  unceasingly  in  thy  profligacy  ?i»llt 

Profound,  (J^^  ^amUk,    See  Beep. — 
(most  learned),  AA  a^m,  ,J^\afdal. 

Profoundly  (deeply),  Jh^^aj  JJo  hikoi 

ia^mmdk.    See  Deeply. 
Profoundness,  profundity  (depth),  Jh«^ 

^amukf  %yhyhawr\  (great  knowledge), 

Jjill  i^  kaaarat  al  ^pm. 
Profuse    (prodigal),  jJu*-^     mnAaiuiir 


PBO 


(892) 


FBO 


)miurif\  (abaonding)y«2;^iMir. 

See  Flentifol,  Abandant. 
ProftiBeoeflBy     proftuion     (prodigality), 

^\jjy  wrdf. 
Frofunon  (abondanoe),  i^  humroi. 
Progenitor.     See  Fore&ther,  Aneeator. 
Fn^geny,  J«J  nad^  Si^  awlad,  i^.jm) 

ikuah,  J^\  Oil,  Lj3  mrriyal.      See 
OfBspriBgy  Generation,  Bace. 
Prognosticate,  9.  ^^^  tanMt^^  J^J 
tafawwdl.    See  Foretell,  Predict— To 
prognosticate  from  the  stars,  s^f^  najfam. 

Prognostication,  prognostic,  ^}\ifitl,  s^y 
nuHff^ad.  See  Prediction,  Omen. — 
The  prognostications  of  astrologers, 
aI^I  oMidm.  Skilfnl  in  the  prog- 
nostics of  the  staiBy  Jbt«  *ssx«  munaj- 
Jim  mdhtr. 

Prognosticator,  «.  a^^U  immaj^m,  ^ci 

JU  fattahfaJ.     See  Astrologer. 
Progress,  progression,  -.t^jcud\  uiidrdj, 

^jJJ  iadrij,  J  Lit  Mdl  See  Pas- 
sage.— (advancement  in  knowledge), 

tddih.  A  remarkable  progress  (in  any- 
thing)y  JLSl  ikhdl,  jy^  mahur,  A 
progress  (circuit,  procession,  journey), 
d^^  Mf/oi,  (jljo  tarikfj^  BoyTyyua 
Mfar.  [iitidrajl. 

FrogresBiye,   progressional,    ^^^\jds^\ 

Progres8iyely,<^«Ocllj5«^iM{rf;,«'\;Jc^ 

hi  isftdrdj,  [Progress. 

FrogressiTenesSy  ^\j^SmA  utidrdj.     See 

Prohibit,  v.  ^^  mana^,  ^^3  fkihd,  m^ 
harramf  jfijO^fjA-c  ^mmdiahrlm.  See 

Forbid,  Debar,  Hinder,  Check. 
Prohibited,  ^^s*'*^  mamnUct  Axe^^^:^/* 
^^  mynki^  ^anno,  ^js^  muharram.   Any- 


Tbap 


prohibited, 

pfobibited,  ^c^^y 

Prohibitor,    f-^^   wtdmi^   ^U  Mii^ 

Prohibition,  ^Im*  smm^  cUs^t  MiL 

ProhibitMy,  ,^^«:^  sMm^i,  ^^  t» 

rfmi.     See  Pn>hibitor. 
Project,  9.  (ocmtriye),  9^^^^  ilW«v. 

cjsj\  ibiada^.  See Fonn, Flan, SdMK 

—(jut  out),  ^  cJ^^  «*w/ 1^' 
(cast  forward),  ^J9  tarak. 
Fhyject,  t.  j-iJJ  iadblr,  ^Jsj\  **; 

^^1  OU^^  kiAj^\  M&u  Ss 

ComtriTsnoe,  Scheme,  Plu,  InTOntioo.— W^ 
then  has  hajipeBed  to  fliy  Teaaon  (tad  vt^ 
has  afflicted  it),  and  nrged  tiiee  to  this  st- 
strooB  project  and  great  peril,  that  tLn  -^ 
mandest  in  marriage  the  danghten  d  o? 
(and  ihoae  kings)  who  poasess  ezteBKTe  ]r- 

Tinoes,  and  immense  countries?  a.* 

Projectile  (impelled  fbrward),  uJ«J^ 
mahd^f.  A  projectile  (anything  Uuo^ 
forward),  ^^.^mttrsia'. 

Projecting,  f.  (scheming),  ^JJ  U^- 
See  Project — (jutting  out),  i*A&J  tf* 
Jbd(d(Mifi. 

Projection  (shooting  forwards),  ^J^^^ 
See  Projecture. — (delineatioii),  0^, 
rtum,  LfiL  ikatttj^ia^  te^>  ^ 
Plan,  Project.  [^ 

Projector,*,  c Ju/t MtiMii^,  Pj^^"*^ 

Ph>jecture  (a  jutting  out),  ^jiJ  Ub^ 


PEO 


(893) 


PRO 


dum.  See  Projection. — A  projecture 
befoie  a  house  (as  a  balcony,  pent- 
house, etc.),  jlji^  rawdk.  See  Balcony, 
Porch,  Portico. 

Prolegomena,  itfiC^li/d^t^A.  See  Preface. 

?roleptical.    See  Antecedent,  Previous. 

Prolific,  ^<L)Uj  tandsuli,  J««»U:d)  ^Jcj 

yanfa^  lU  (andnd.    See  Productiye, 

Fmitftd,  Pregnant. 
Prolix,  Jjjb  tatdl,   J^k^  tmUaunoal, 

iJ«dA^  mti/oMa/.    See  Long,  Tedious, 

Diffusive. 
Prolixity,  prolixness,  J^  inl,  ,JnnaKf 

fi!i^\  tafAl  (d  kaldm,  J^jbj  tatwil. 
*rolixly,  Jj.aQ-Jlj  Mtafsil,  ILoa^  mufas" 

talon.     Prolixly  and  compendiously, 

JUp-Htj  J««aA2!li  hUtafAl  wal  ifrndl 

^rologue,  «.  ^L^«>  dlhajat,  ^Ji^  mu- 
kaddamatf  ^Js^M  fdtihat. 

^rolong,  V.  JJL  taunpol.  To  prolong 
the  time,  ^^Up^  Jyo  taunoal  anamdn. 

Prolongation,  jljc^l  mtiddd,  J^^ 
tatwih  iS^\  itdht,  J^  m.  See 
Delay. 

Prolonged,  JJla^  mutawtodl. 

Prominence,  ^UjjI  irtifd^  See  Pro- 
tuberance. [c^Jk:^  munhadih. 

Eminent,  ^aJ^  mur^o/l^,  Jjb  3dm, 

Promiscuous,  )aylJ:^  makhlat  See 
Mixed,  Gonfosed,  Undistinguished. 

'lomiscuously,  k^JLsr*  ^^^  hkoqfhin 
makhlut, 

^romise,  «.  J^^  t^a^e^,  J^  kawl,  «Xfu 
ta^hhud,  Scyt  tnaw^ad,  jU^  ml^di. 
According  to  promise,  AcJl  ^_-iv^ 
hasah  al  toa^.  The  performance  of  a 
promise,  «Xcjl\  aUjI  ti^dm  a/  f^0&<7. 
To  perform  a  promise,  J^fijll  _9^  tc?a/Si' 
o^  va^i^.     To  break  a  promise,  ^^U^ 


Jx^f  khdn  alwa^d.    And  if  thou  have 

to  choose  between  a  mite  ready  to  hand  and 
the  finest  pearl  that  is  only  promiBed  to  thee, 
choose  that  which  is  ready  to  hand,  and  prefer 
the  present  to  the  fature ;  for  delays  often  occa- 
sion disappointments,  and  determinations  are 
always  liable  to  TaciDatlonB;  too  often  pro* 
mises  are  followed  by  procrastinations,  and 
obstacles  interrene  between  them  and  their 

fulfilment,*  if  4)^fti^  Sj*i^^LZJ^j^\j\^ 
♦  O^UI^^lJl  ^li  •  Judl  Jx  ^^\ 

Promise,  v.  Jo:*  tca^,  ^  j^  ta^hhad 
laho.  To  promise  too  much,  ^V  f-'V 
JlcjS\  hdlaghfil  wa^.  To  promise  to 
one  another,  \^fXs\y  iawd^adu. 

Promised,  <J|^^  maw^. 

Promiser,  $,  J^l^  wd^,     [^^l^  wd^id. 

Promising,promissory  (making  apromise), 

Promissorily,  \j^^  wa^n. 

Promontory,  «.  ^^\j  rds. 

Promote,  v.  (prefer),  ^J,  rakka*,  ^jj 
kaddam,  ^j  rafa^.  See  Elevate, 
Exalt.  —  To  promote  to  dignity*  or 
office,  <UJy^  ^\  ^^a£.  ^anuU  laho  maria- 
hat,  V,,  -^»n\  ^  di  ,j4x  ^mal  laho  maniob 

Promoted,  ^Jf/^  mutarakkl,  f-Ajy«  mur- 
tafi^.     See  Propagated. 

Promoter,  #.  ^j^  murakki,  cJJar*  mu^ 
harrik.     See  Encourager. 

Promotion,  ^y  tarakkl,  \3jj\  triikd, 
l#j^  iakaddum.  See  Preferment,  En- 
couragement, Exaltation. 

Prompt  (active),  ^^^  «<in^,^Ui  thdtir ; 
(ready),^U^  hddn',  Jucum^  miuta^ud. 
See  Beady,  Acute.^-Prompt  payment, 
4^J^  nakdl.    See  Ready  money. 

Prompter, «.  (monitor),  laclj  ira^ti,  ^U 


PRO 


(894) 


PEO 


Promptitude,  promptneas,  Icj^  sur^at. 
See  Beadiness,  Expedition.  Quickness. 

Promptly/XU-  kalian,  Iju^  wrltfln.  See 
Readily,  Quickly,  Expeditiously. 

Promulgate,  promulge,  v.  j^^  iuhhar, 
Jff\  a%har.    See  Publish,  Proclaim. 

Promulgation,  ^lfl\  whhdr,  j\^\  Mdr. 
See  Publication. 

Promulgated,  j-J  L-  sh&f/i^,  jy^^  '"^*" 
Hr,  ,f  -  -  -r  mushtahar.    See  Published. 

Promdgator,  promulger,^;fu4^  mmhhir, 
wluA^  muahayyi^. 

Prone  (bending,  not  erect),  J^U  mdyil. 
See  Prostrate.— (having  a  propensity), 
JjU  iwayi?,  e-^l^  rdghibn 

Proneness,  J-^  maply  L^j  rughhat,  j^ 
shawk.     See  Propensity,  Inclination. 

Pronoun,  s.  (personal), ^;--4-i  datntr,  A 
demonstrative  pronoun,  ijjtti^  m^\  mi» 
al  isharat.  A  relative  pronoun,  ^JiS 
^g^^W  a/  t«m  a/  mttJAaw.  An  interro- 
gative pronoun,  j*l^ii-jlll  <— i;^  A«^  «^ 

Pronounce,  v,  (articulate),  lail  lafa%. 
See  Speak. — To  pronounce  sentence, 
J^\  jdJ\  asdar  al  huhm.  To  pro- 
nounce sentence  of  death,  Jiiilb  S>- 
haham  lilkatl. 

Pronounced,  le^ALt  malfu%. 

Pronouncer,  «.  lai*  Idfii, 

Pronunciation,  iail  laj%. 

Proof,  ci-^U^  wi5^,  JJ  J  dalll  (pi.  J>!l J 

^ordAtn) ;  (evidence),  i  Jlf-i  thahadat. 
See  Evidence,  Testimony. — A  con- 
yinoing  or  positive  proo^  si^rf  lW*^ 
dalll  hwrhanl. 
Proof  (test,  trial,  experiment),  ^^l^i^l 
^tikan,  ^  pCeT  tafribat,  i^  khibrai. 


Without  proof,  tiJl-S^L  Wd  tfe^ 

Legal  proofs,  ^Lr"  ^^^  ^^^  ^'^ 
ya^.  A  proof-mark  upon  weigiii 
measures,  gold,  silver,  etc.,^Lc  ^ii* 
The  assayer  of  the  mint^  who  pati  ti 
proof-mark  on  gold  or  alver, 
X^\  idhib  dl  ^lyar. 

Prop,  9.  J^-4^  ^mud,    uV.ii.># 
Isr*  mo^a.     See  Support. 

Prop,v.  *Xi-j»a«<ii.  See  Support,  Suae 

Propped,  JaJUa^  ffuwniU?. 

Propagate,  v.jJ^  nashar^  j---l  *^; 
See  Extend,  Spread,  Diffiase,  Pr«:ii- 
gate.  Publish. — (to  increase),  Sj  aei, 
(to  generate),  jJy  tawaUad,  To  p 
pagate  religion,  ^^jJ^jI-1:j1  *Xitf  is^ 
intishar  addin. 

Propagated  (diffused),  ^l^  «^y»V  ^' 
Promulgated,  Published. — (incre^i 
j^J*^  musM^il;  (generated),  j!vi» 

Propagation  (diffusing),  ^Iu*=j1  mi^'' 
See  Promulgation,  Publication— - 
crease),  Jjbj  wy&dat^  •^^'^'  *^'^>'' 
(generation),  itSi^  wUddat. 

Propagator,  «.  (generator),  jl^j  if*^'*^ 
j3^  muwaUid;    (a  spreader),  w-^ 

Propensity,     propension,    propend«&' 

tion.  Tendency. 
Proper  (fit),  Jj)  Idyik,  ^.^^  ^ 

(peculiar),  ^joUi-  ifc^«,  y^y^ai^^t^ 
sUt;  (accurate,  just),  Igj  ;  Vi^  w*^ 
See  True,  Exact. — (natural,  origiJ* 


PRO 


(895) 


PEO 


jtJ^  teJf^l;  (real),  ^\  Mh,JLA>^ 

ia^fa.     See  Neoessary. 

operly  (fitly),  ^U  «j^  hihd  liydhU. 

operness,   <isj\y   muwafahUf  ^LmiIi.^ 

nundsabai,  Xi  U  Ujfakat.    See  Fitness, 

^aitableneas,  Tallness. 

operty  (peculiar  quality),  4^U^  JchdMt, 

L^U^  khdsaiffot,  LZj\j  udt,  IJlS  hay- 
lyatt  i^\^  mdhijfiU.  See  Essence, 
Quality,  Nature,  Disposition. — (pos- 
(ession),  cl^Lt  mtdk;  (goods),  JU 
nal  (pi.  f}^y\  amwdl).     Then  I  arose, 

ind  collected  what  I  had  of  fdrnitore  and 
Lpparel,  and  sold  them,  after  which  I  sold  mr 
eal  property  and  all  that  my  hand  poasessea, 


x>pbecy,  iuJ  nabuwat.  See  Prediction, 
Divination. — The  gift  of  prophecy, 
iyj  nahutffai. 

opbesy,  v.  ^Z:J  tanabha\  See  Predict, 
ophet,  prophesier,  «.  ^^  nahi,  oy^j 

rasuh 

opbetess,  «.  ^UJ  nabiyah  or  nabiyat. 

opbetic,  i/4fj  futhawl.     A  prophetic 

»aying,  4^^  ci.^Jk^  hadis  nabawl. 

opinquity,  d-^  ^tir&.     See  Nearness, 

Proximity,Neighbourbood. — (relation- 

)bip),    ii\Ji  kar&bat,    i^^.u?    na«ad, 

\i'-'*  l>\^   iarabat  tkuabiyat.      See 

Kindred. 

opitiation,  ^}^  ^^  uJUaicus^  uU^f 

a/bA    ta^dh*.      See    Propitiousness, 

Atonement. 

'opitious,  ^»«»>-j   rahlm,    L^ftjUl    ^0^1/, 

mus^.  See  FaTOurable,  Kind,  Be- 
Qign,Benevolent. — ^To  make  propitious, 


to  propitiate,  sJiisuc^  uta^tafaho.    To 

be  or  become  propitious,  ^,pV»1  kUaf, 

Verily,  the  Lord  paidoneth  and  becometh  pro- 
pitions  unto  his  servant  when  he  has  confessed 
nis  sins;  and  I  am  a  weak  slave,  and  have 
oonunitted  a  transgrevion  in  offering  thee 

advice,  i^djii\  JuaLS^^  i^J\  ^\ 


Jj\  Jjj  L 


JLiff 


\J\, 


«_a 


dMUM 


id\ 


Propitiousness,  (.JU  liUf,  ^j^^  iawflk* 
See  Conciliation,  Benignity,  Kindness. 

Propitiously,  fj^f^  ^*mJ  bisa^in  wa 
tawflk. 

Proportion,  l»  '^'^  tandtubfi^  noMbatf 
<L>«ilv  ^  mundsdbat.  See  Analogy,  Sym- 
metry; Form,  Size. 

Proportion,  v.  proportionate,  ^X^yjt^ 
kd9^ida\fjj\y  Aas-  ^maldhomuwdfik. 
See  Portion,  Divide,  Distribute. 

Proportionable,  proportional,  proporti<m- 
ate,  proportioned,  u,  >...iI:>::l^  mutandttb. 

Proportionality,  proportionateness, 
c^^^mpUj  iandiub.     S^  Proportion. 

Proportionally,  proportionately,  ^Mrfl:^*!^ 
ij^  ^J\  bil  mundsabat  ila*  yhayriht, 

2F^_Ls^Lill^  bilkiyds  ^ala*  ghayrthii 
Proposal,^.  propo8ition,^yf  ^an2,(jMUaIf 
Utimds,  U  Jc.«dl  istidt^d,  ^^AVi^  matlab 
(pi.  li^Ua^  matdUb),  ^L^  hadiyai 
(pi.  bLii  kaddyd);  (a  design),  Ou^ 
ibui,  <lJ  ntya^,  j|^  mttrdd,  ^jOji- 
gharad.  See  Intention,  Scheme,  Plan. 
— The  proposition  of  a  syllogism, 
^ji^  mtdai^ciiima^.  The  major  pro- 
position of  a  syllogism,  ^j^\  i^*yJuiiS 
al  muhaddamat  al  kuhra\  The  minor 
proposition,  lSJ^^  JuJ^t  al  mu- 
haddamat al  ntyhra\ 
Propose,  9.  propound  (make  a  proposal), 


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4!  ^Jbjb.  ^arad  laho.     To  propose  to 
one's -self,  ^Ia  a\b>  ^mam  ^Mf  Juoi 

hoMd.     See  Intend,  Design,  Scheme, 
Plan. 
Proposer,  $,  propounder,  a  jju  mukaidim^ 

Proposed,  ^^/^  ma^riki^  aJ^  mi«- 
kaddamf  etc.  See  OfiEered. — (intended), 
JyiojL^  maJttnd.    See  Designed. 

Propound,  v.  a  Ji  kaddam.    See  Propose, 

Offer,  Exhibit. 
Proprietary  (belonging  toacertain  owner) 

CiX«  mu/^,  £^U-  hh&uat. 
Proprietor,  proprietary,  i,  cl^tt  mdlikf 

c.^.*»-L0«dA»^.    See  Possessor. 
Propriety  (fitness),  iJU  laydkat,  L>^\:^ 

mundtahat.     See  Exactness ;  Pitness ; 

Property. 
Prorogation,    i^Jiy    tawakkaf,    (jiy^J 

ta^wU,ji^\j   takhlr,  Jj^  tatwtl, 

j\jAS,0^\istmrdr,  See  Prolongation, Con- 

tinaance. — To  prorogue, ^s^^  akhkhar, 
Prorogued,^*!:;^  mutaakhkhar,  ^^y 

mawkuf. 
Proscribe,  f.   ^xy  mana^f  ,Jj   nafa\ 

J^b  ^  *a*«m  5.7  iatf. " 
Proscribed,  Jiulb  ^lLc  (^^-^^  mahkUm 

^alayhi  hU  katl,  ^Ji^^  inanfa\  A  pro- 

Bcriber,  ^^^^a:^  munfl.      Proscription, 

^   nafl,  Jk^l  J-^  |Xs^f  0^  hukm 

hikatl  ahhad. 
Prosaic.  ^^J^  nawi, 

Prose,^  fUMr.^s^  f^kddm  muBajja^, 

Prosecute,  r.  (continue  endeavours  after 

any   thing),  jA2^\  utamar,  ^Jx  ^^1 J 

ddwam  ^ala\  See  Persevere,  Continue. 
— To  prosecute  a  design,  <^J  Jx  ^.t  J 
^M;am  ^a^  nijfoHthi,  «Juoj    Ix  x-t"ufl 


utamar  ^aU  koidihi.  To  pnaeoBk  c 
law,  ^jULiU  Uly  ioUoib  2aMik^ 
ra^atj  iMj^  tfJx  J^«x  ^amI  ^ 
iAorl^oA. 
Prosecution  (pursmt),  i  J;Uem  w^dw^k 
ojb  tard;  (perseTering  to  eanj  x> 

j\jAS^\  uiimrdr,  i^^^J^  mui&m^ 
SeePerseveranoe.— AlcgalproeeaJk 
i^^J  da^ii  or  t^J  itf^wo.  Si 
Process.  [coeer,  Peneeas 

Prosecutor,  t.  ,«£«^  imuUtf^I.  Seei' 

Proselyte,  J-^J  lUAf/,  (j*/  ^ 
See  Convert.  [^»** 

Prosody,^jyi!l  ^  ^tZw  ol  ^«rr«4  ^-J:; 

Prospect  (sight,  view),  Jiai^  wMsm^j. 
fuaar;  (distant  view),  J^jsj^m 
ha^d;  (a  place  which  affords  an  e££ 
sive  view),  ^;la*^  waiwwr  (pL  /^ 
mandstir). 

Prosper,  f>.  (make  happy),  ,>-«-•  i>^ 

— (to  be  or  become  happy  or  sucoft-" 
Ju«^  jU  idr  M^f  J.  May  God  pn^ 
(him,  her,  etc.),  alll  2rjju-l  «^ 

Prosperity,  prosperousness,  JLi' 

Happiness,  SuccesB,  Good  fortanr.-^' 
fortane  bringeth  thee  affliction,  codrjJ 
self  by  remembering  that  one  day  tM  1 
see  prosperity,   and  another  day  di:^ 

prosperity  is  like  a  tree,  which  pti>F« 
ronnd  as  long  as  it  is  loaded  with  trc:,% 
as  soon  as  it  has  dropped  the  fruit  tb«rl 
from  beneath  it^  and  leave  it  to  »a^^ 
heat  and  dust  Perdition  to  all  tbt  ' 
of  this  age  that  oat  of  ten  none  ouy 

^U\^  *  i^\^  JLSSl  ^j  J 


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osperoos,  J^^  mukhil,  Jjum^  mus^ad, 

J^muflih,  See  Fortanate,  Saccessfol. 

oeperouslyi  JlJt  JG  bikol  ikbdl^  Jjj 
-IfisT^  Juuii  hihol  aa^in  wa  nqfdh.   See 

PortuDately,  Saocesafiilly. 
oBtitute,  r.  Jj  •  raisul. 
ostitute,  prostituted,  ^kj^  ''^^'« 
ostitute,  «.  Xu(b.>-li  fihuhat,  SLsf  kah- 
hat.    See  Strumpet,  Whore. — To  play 

the  prostitute,  Uas:^  \^\>'  (j:.^^  ^a- 
radat  hctldhd  lUkhaid.  [dom. 

ostitution,  ii>^  kahbanat.  See  Whore- 
ostrate,  1«X>»Li  adjidan.    To  fall  pros- 
trate, Ijks^L*^^  khar  s&jidan. 
ostrate,  v,  »Xsr^  aajad.     At  the  sight 


3f  her  I  prostrated  myself  in  adoration  of  ber 
Creator,  for  the  fairness  and  beauty  wbich  He 
bad  displayed  in  her  person;  and  she,  looking 
towards  me,  said,  Wno  art  thou — a  man  or  a 


Jinnee?  uyju«r»  ^J\  cy^  Uli 

ostratioD,  ijuBr*  aajdat,  <^^*^  sujud, 
otect,  V.  ^^^4^^  hama%  ^^l^  san,  ^^\^ 
^  hdma*  ^an.     See  Defend. 
otectioD,  ^\^>-  him&yat,  ii  L^  aiydnat, 
Llflilsr^  muhd/anat, 
otector,  ^^^V>^  hdml,  ^L>-  hdJU, 

,j£.  ^^\sL^  muhdml  ^a».     See  Pre- 
lerver.  Defender.  [See  Defended. 

>iected,  i^^^>^^  muhma*  ,]ffyis:^nMh/il%, 
)test,  V.  f^j/  iJ"*^  ^amal  proieato, 
)te8t,  protestation,  jruJ^^  j?ro^to. 
>te8ter,    a.  jjA^   mukarrir,   Ji-«lx 
s^mJji^^  cdmil  id proteato, 
>tract,  r.  y>-\  akhkhar,  JJI0  tawwal, 


Jj^  aUx  ^tndiaho  tawih  See  Delay, 
Lengthen.  {mamdULd, 

Protracted,  ^£^1:^^  mtUaakhkhar,  J^J^i^ 

Protractor,  Jjla-*  mutawwH. 

Protraction,  jljLi-^\  imtiddd,  j.^*[J 
taakhlr,  Jj^  tatwll,  iS\y  tuwdni. 
See  Delay.  [See  Dilatory. 

Protractiyey  protractor,  ^^V*t   imhdli, 

Protuherance,  /^jj  waram.  See  Tumour, 
Swelling,  Pimple. 

Protuherant,  ^J<^j^  warmdn,  a  jii^  mu- 
takaddim.     See  Prominent. 

Protuherate,  v,  ^j^  warim,  a^xSj  takad- 

dam.     See  Swell,  Project. 
Proud,  ^Sz^  tnutakabhir.   See  Splendid, 

Grand,  Magnificent,  Pompous,  Vain, 

Ostentatious,  Daring,  Presumptuous. 
Proudly,  Ij -^j -^  JCj  hikol  jabrin  wa 

kubriyd.    To  hehave  proudly,  j-t^ 

takabhar. 
Provable,   cl^LjUI  JjIS   kdbil  dl  iabdt, 

^IsdUlt  JjU  kdbil  al  mtihdn,  ^ji*^^ 

^y^Jt  tnumkin  al  tqfribat. 
Prove,  V,  (hy  testimony  or  argument), 
c:.^Jl  M^a^,  ^j>J  barhan;    (to  try, 

Ml 

bring  to  the  test),  S-^^-^  jarrab, 
^j.^L«1  imtahan.  See  Examine. — (to 
happen),  J«a^  Amo/;  (to  become), 
j\^  adr ;  (to  find  by  ezperience),^^^:;^^ 
ikhiabar. 
Proved  (by  evidence  or  argument), 
maabut;  (brought  to  the  test), 

mt^'arrabf  ^\j^i^  muMdk, 

Provender,  (JlJy  kut,  aUL  ta^dm,  iUji!?! 

at^imaL    See  Provisions,  Fodder. 
Proverb,  #.  Ji^  m^a/  (pi.  Jli^l  amadl), 
ci;lb.>»  maaaldL     To  speak  proverbs, 
JLi.^1  *^j^   darab   amadl, 
Jll/s)U  Aaia'  &t7  ajTMo/. 

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ProTerbial,  ii^  fimallf  *J  ^->3i  ^ 
Jtj^\  9hy  ifudrah  hihi  al  fnatal 

Proverbially,  Ji^  ^yj  hi  iwv^  matal. 

Provide,  v.  (provide  for,  prepare,  get 
ready),  yi^  haddar.  To  provide  ne- 
oessaries,  Mj\^\j,^^liaddarallawd%m. 

See  Prepare,  Purvey,  Procure,  Fur- 
niah.— To  provide  or  stipulate,  J-4X 

mal  mu^ahadat.    To  provide  industri- 
ously for  a  family,  ^ji\  ^^  haddam 

aldtim. 
Provided,    j-^*^  muhaddar,  etc.      See 

Prepared.— Provided  that,  ^\  t^  hi 

•hart  an. 
Providence  (of  God),  L^1\  il:jJ1  al  ^nd- 

yat  al  ilahiyat ;  (foresight,  prudence), 

j^Sj  tadhlr,  ij^^^ai  hailrat,  Jac  ^aW, 

tLxd-l  ihtiyat. 
Provident,  jJj^  mudahhir,  J5U  ^dkU. 

A  provident  man,  iji^^  «^«.^»-li^  sclhih 

haslrat     See  Prudent  man. 
Providential  (eflfected  by  providence), 

^Uj  l^;^^  ^^  f^^^^    mutammam 

hi  ^ndyat  al  hdri  ta^&la\ 
Providentially,  Lp\  *J^V  ^  ^indyat 

al  ilahiyat.     See  Providence. 
Providently,  i;-*-Aj  JXj  hikol  hasirat, 

-J jcj  5»  tadhlr,  ItLi:*-!  t^<tyato». 
Provider,  «.  ,^4l^  muhayyh 
Province,  s,    ^»Jil  a^/{m,  ^U  aydlat, 
•b  J  %ar.    See  Region,  Tract.— Any 
man's  province,  duty,  or  office,  ^iiX>- 

Provincial  (relating  to  a  province), 
jJIjU  ^_*j-'--f  mansuh  lil  akdllm. 

Provision,  provisions  (food),  ^Ut  ta^m, 
\S£.  yhadd,  i^^jj  MunoddaL  Provi- 
sions served  out  to  ambassadors,  etc., 


from  the  public  treasuiy,  ^j^  U-^, 

Provision    (stipulation),  )ojL  iki, 

2«\JbU^  mui,dhadat. 
Provisional  (conditional),  iJy--»  «^^ 
Provisionally,  ^y^  W  aJmr^t 
Proviso,  ^jt  iharL      See  Sdpuluix 

Condition,  Provision. 
Provocation,    CSi^  te^i,  yi/ 

toAnrf  (pi.  CLjLa^^  teArf&O    ^ 

Irritation;  oiw Appeal.  [«A*y«<i 
Provocative,  ».  J^fuJI  c1/Jjb^  ««*•« 
Provoke,  v,  (enrage),    c,.>-gTM  «?Mb 

See  Irritate,  Offend, — (to  excite,  r 

an  edge),  cJ^  'hmrakn    See  Stic* 

late,  Incite,  Move. 
Provoker,  «.  (causing  anger),  u^ 

muffhdih ;  (a  causer,  promoter),  C// 

mtfAorrtl. 
Provoked,  t!i^  WM^rroi.    [wt?^' 
Provoking  (giving  provocation),  i-^ 
Provost   (chief  of   a   college  «•  o*iie 

society),  Lijdyi^\  ^j^^j  rayyadv 

drasat.    See  Magistrate. 
Prow  (fore  part  of  a  ship), 

tnuhdum  al  markah, ' 
Prowess,  IcXs^  shajd^,  i*\ 

See  Courage,  Valour. 
Proximate,  c-.^^  karih. 
Proximity,  c-y  kurh,  JLaJl  i«i#fii 
Prude,  8.  Jilii  ^aitiZ,  JiU  ^U^,- 

catnt?  hdlaho  ^kil. 
Prudence,  iy**flJ  hafHrat^j^^^  Ui^ 
Prudent,  prudential,  *^,-*ai  e^-?' 
«}  haArat,   JiU   ^oW.     Pr:3a 
people,   J— ^  c-jIs-^\   OfilaJ  W* 


«>« 


^^0 


-J  Jj  c-->bj^  arJdi  trM^ir. 
Prudently,    prudentially,   ^Ji^-** 

hikol  tadhlr. 


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rune,  i.  (plum),  ,jpUf-t  ojOb^  r>^ 

khawkh,  fj^ji  harHk. 

galnii  t.  jy^  nummHr.     The  psalms 

of  Bavidy  J^l J^^ju  nundmlr  dAUd, 

iBlmodjfj^y  toMmlr* 

sailer  (book  of  psalms),  j^ji^  c-i^l:;^ 

hitdh  asMahUr,  [kdnUn. 

taltery  «.   (species  of  harp),   ^^^ 

ihaw !  if\^  wdh.     See  Foh!  Pish  ! 

iberty,  6  jL  hdHghy  ^^  hulUphiffat. 

A  boy  arrived  at  the  age  of  puberty, 
4jb  hdligh.     A  girl  arrived  at  the 

age  of  puberty,  Juillj  c:>%v>  &tW  bAlighat. 
To  arrive  at  the  age  of  puberty,  jL^ 
Ob  «dr  hdligh, 

iblican,  <.  (the  keeper  of  a  house  of 
general  entertainment), 
mlkhanflt  j\a^  khamm&r, 
iblication,  j\^\  Mhdr,  j\^\  M&r. 
The  publication  of  a  book,    im^Q»\inf 

Uunif,  uJJlJ  tan/. 

iblic  (common,  general),  ^y^^  i^' 
nUnA^  ^U  ^(5m,  CJjJL^  muthiurak; 
generally  known),  j^fu*^  fnoihhur, 
^jfjf^  ma^ruf.  Public  business, 
national  affidrs),  ^^jJljj^l  umikT 
ddatfflat.  The  public  treasury,  i/^^t 
Imirl.  Public  burdens,  iLi^cJJlCj 
ikallf  ^urfiyaL  See  Tax.  —  Public 
rayers,  IcJ  du^d.  See  Prayer. — ^A 
ablic  standard  of  weights  or  measures, 
L^  ^iydr. 

>lio,  9.   (general  body  of  a  nation), 
.^.^amJI  mhtha^.     See  Nation,  Com- 
lonalty. 
>licly,  ^)U  ^ddniyatan^  Sjt!^  tdhi" 

%n.      Publicly  and   privately,   \ 
Ly^j  nrran  wa  ^aldniyatan. 
licness,  j^  zuhur,  ij^  shuhrai. 


Public-spirited,   ^j)t  v^^/r^  muhiB  al 

watan,  [watan- 

Public-spiritedness,  ^^^  ^"^r"^  ^  ^^ 

Publish,  v.j^\  oihhar.     To  publish  a 

book,  (mJ\zijj^  fuuhar  kiidh. 

Publisher,  9.  jJ^\j  nd9hir.  The  pub- 
lisher of  a  book,  c^li^t  Jt»\j  ndtAir 
al  kitdh. 

Pudding,  «.  (^Jy  jpudilng. 

Pudendum  (raembram  virile),  J*«»lxJl  £3 1 

dht  attandsul,  ^J  nahmr  (pi.  jj^J 

tukikr) ;  (mulieris),  ^f<^  (pl.  ^j/ 

/ttril/)- 
Puerile,  Jil9  tifll.     See  Childish. 

Puerility,"  XJ^  iifiaiyai.  See  Child- 
ishness. 

Puff,  •,  (blast),  iJi  na/hat  (pl.  iZj\J^ 
na/hdt) ;  (a  fungus),  U^  kamd.  See 
Mushroom. 

Puffer,  9.  (blower),  'J\j  ndfikh. 

^°£»»  i:)y^t^  mifymtZn.     See  Ape. 

Pugh  !  if\^  wdh.    See  Poh ! 

Puissance.     See  Power,  Potency. 

Puissant.     See  Powerful. 

Puissantly.     See  Powerfully. 

Pull,  V.  {^^^•^  9ahab,  S^«X>-  /usa^. 
See  Draw,  I^rag.— To  pull  up  (eradi- 
cate), ^li  kala^.   See  Extirpate,  Tear, 

Bend. — To  pull  hairs  from  the  fiice^ 

f^^isj  nataf. 
Pull  or  pulling,  9.  c-^J^  i<^iJT  J^- 
Pulled,  u^^JubT*  ffMftftd,  c. 

«Ad5.  SeeDrawn. — ^Pulledup,^. 

nmhilb. 
Puller,  ^^«>U>*  jdigib.  {Jam^j. 

Pullet,  ijfX^  i^jifairk'ha  9agh\rdhf  ^  ^^ 
Pulley,  9.  ijj  hakarat. 
Pulmonic    (belonging    to    the   lungs), 

ijj\  (mgJ^mU^  maiMi  lil  riyah* 


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Pulp  (of  fruits),  |i^^  ihahm,  u^  lib. 

Pnlpiti «.  ^^  manbar  (pl.^  U^  mafid&fr) . 
PalsatioDi  «.  ^jOyW  ^j>-  haraiai  antkibi. 
Poise.  9.  ijaJ  tiabi.    One  stroke  of  the 

pulse,  i*dJ  ndbtat. 
Pulse  (leguminous  plants),  ^y»>^  A«to&, 

c:^^^;.^  Ati3ai<Z^.     See  Pea,  Bean. 

Pulverable,  ^jsf^\  ^^;d^  mumkin  aaahk. 

Pulverization,  pulverizing  (reducing  to 

powder),  Jh^  mM,     To  pulverize. 

Pumice-stone,  j.  \J*t^^j?  hajar  (U  Juuh, 

d^Ul\^  hajar  al  hdkak. 
Pumpkin,  pompion,  «.  QjS  kar^ 

Pump,  s.   (for  raising    water),    Vv'^ 

turumba. 
Pun,  «.  j^^i^  kaldmbilr,  ^^iJal  ^^f/bA. 

Bee  Wit,   Humour. — To  pun,   ^^^AX. 

j^f^^  ^cmal  kaldmbur. 
Puncheon,  «.  fj^j*  barmlL    See  Barrel. 
Punctilio,  uJJJkji  to^l/. 
Punctilious,  L,i»\iui  u^^^^l^  <dAi^  <«^ft/. 

See  Precise,  Ceremonious. 
Punctual,  ^  J  c-'^fv-  U0  «aAii(  dikkat.  See 

Exact, 'Accurate. 
Punctually,  Ju  J  Jio  &t%o/  dikkat,  (j:^^  \j 

bUwakL     See  Pointedly. 
Ponctualness,4^J(^t^^^.  See  Exactness. 
Puncture,  2fjar  nakhxat. 

Pungency,  5Ji^*  hiddat. 

Pungent,  jU^  Adi.   See  Piercing,  Sharp. 

Punish,  4^tXc  ^tasuhf  c^lc  ^aitai. 
Panishable,  ^Loii]!  Jj^liu*^  mustdhUal 

kuaa. 
Punished,    (.^U^   mut^akab,    c^juc^ 

mticossa^.     To  he  punished,  v_-^U? 

ta^akab,  Imuniakim. 

Punisher,  i.  v.^U^  mu^dkib,  ^iiu.^ 
Punishment,  4,,,>oJuu  /o^si^,  Jbyif  ^tijhl- 


ia^^c^Uc^fildi.  Oigiiannt,d£edti£. 

artfiil,  goilefU  aad  tzeMherom,^^:' 
deliTerance ;  for  this  is  tiie  leeompmse  cf  ::- 
bsM  oondnet,  and  a  prniiwhifint  of  tky  ifejEs- 


ftble  actions  and  doings,  J>ft W^  U' . 

^Uj  d£*i  ^^  •];»-  <i>  ,- 

Pupil  (apple  of  the  eye),  ^j-J^  •:*;:  ^" 

^^  \  ^LJ  1  tiMdn  aZ  ^f*^"  See  £jt- 

(a  scholar),  JlmJJ  ^muu     Bawc:^ 

18  nibbish  in  its  natire  ooimtzy,  bat  hz'. 
abroad  it  becomes  the  ornament  of  ^ir. 
of  the  fair;  likewise  the  coUyniim  isb  '• 
country  is  nothing  hut  a  stone,  'wbk^>-'>' 
aside  and  thrown  at  random  on  the  i^-^» 
bat  when  transported  abroad,  it  is  W^ ' 
great  yeneratio^;  and  is  eren  cam.^  - 
tween  the  eyelid  and  the  pupil  of  the  • 


.   *• 


jUj  Aju^\jji\  Jl3  c-^  U!  u 

Pupillage  (state   of  being    a  at^ 

Puppet,  «.  i^ji  lu(,ba4. 
Purchasable,  kJ^^  ffU9hiara\ 
Purchase,  v,  c^^i^f  Uhiart^,  ^^  • 

tawwak.     See  Buy. 

Purchase  or  purchasing,  «.  \^JL^  ukr 

Purchaser,  «.  ^jj:J^  muthUfri. 

Pure  (clear,  limpid),  jlb^  idhir;   = 

mixed),    ^If^    khdlu ;     {inDOfx: 

chaste),  ^tolt  tdkir,  ^Ju  iwjtf.   ^ 

Holy,  Virtuous,  Modest. — (smoat  • 

heart),  J jU  sddik. 
Purer,  purest,^!  a^Aar. 
Purely  (without  mixture,  with  lis^ 

ness),  1^^  Mr/ kai/oitf^.   SeeFtf^ 

—(merely,  simply),  kfii  /«ibrf. 


PUE 


(901) 


PUR 


renees,  purity  (clearness,  limpidness), 
^l^  taMraty  i^  ndk&wat.     Parity 
r  elegance  of  manner,  J  Liifl  c^Otiff 
%hzlh  al  ihiidl.     See  Elegance. 
rgative,^^{k^  mutahhir.    A  purgative, 
ijJti  sharhe.    See  Parge. 
rgatoryj^^^k^Il  al  mathar, 
rge,  9.  (Jfuu^  nuuahhil, 
rge,  r.  (cleanse),  l^Loj  naddaf. 
rger,  purifier,  s,  j^a^  mutahhir, 
[ification  (rendering  pare)^;*^  tathlr. 
rificative,  purificatory,  purifying^^lx* 
rified,.  .^!x«  nwtahhar,        [mutahkir. 
rify,  9.  (make  pure),^^  toAJUr. 
rple,  adj,  i^j^Ji  htrmitl, 

rple,  «.  \J^j>'j^  arjawdn.  The  purple 
bell-fish,  ^^^  larflr. 

rport  (tendency  of  a  writing  or  dis- 
onrse),  ^<:'^t^  tna^tu^,  ^^^  natljai, 

rpose,  if  jl^l  irddai,  Ju^  ibiti,  ^^  ^a»n, 

y  nlya^,  iJyaA/c  nuiibilii  (pi.  txAJLn 

\akd9%S)f  \^^  gka/roA  (pi.  ij^y^ 
glirdd).  See  Intention,  Dengn. — 
consequence,  effect).  See  Instance, 
Ixampleb — On    purpose,    purposely, 

m^AiX}  misasd,  IjudS  kasdan,  \JaA 
tttndan.  0  my  brother,  I  have  no  fiirther 
ant  of  the  shop,  for  I  hare  aocompliiihed  the 
irpom  for  which  I  took  it,  and  1  gire  it  to 
lee,  with  all  that  it  contains,  completely  on 
;connt  of  thy  haying  come  abroad  with  me, 
id  thy  abeenting  thyself  from  thy  country ! 


^jju  CSji  ^LcJU  l^it* 

•poee,  r.  Juoi  koiod.     See  Intend, 
design,  Besolye. 

nae,  ••  ^/^^  iu»  [wada^  hU  kl9, 

rse,  t^.  (put  in  a  purse),  ^j»^^,  ^j 


Parsiness,    pursiveness     (shortness    of 

breath),  ^j»Mi\  iju^  dikat  annafas, 
Purslain,  l\Jb  haklat,  ^^j^ji  farfahln. 
Pursuable  (capable  of  being  prosecuted), 

j\jAsJi\  Jjli  kdhH  al  utimr&r. 
Pursuance  (prosecution  of  any  object), 

j\jA!i^\  utmrar,  l^^\tX^  muddwamat. 

In  pursuance  o^  pursuant  to,  ^Jla 

^ak^  ha$ab,  l-."**!*^  hi  hoiob, 
hoidb.  In  pursuance  of  the 
instructions  which  I  have  received 
from  the  Government  of  Her  Majesty 
the  Queen,  it  is  my  duty  to  state  to 
your  Excellency  that,  etc.,  ^..^j^ 

^\  Jj  1^- jUJ  ^ jJ\  JJji.     See 
According  to. — In  pursuance  of  orders, 


iljJ^^  J 


J^ 


i\ 


r  hihasah  al  amr, 


^S^\  hasab  al  hukm.  Pursuant  to  the 
signal,  ij\J^'i\  i^^m^  hasab  al  Uhdrat 
Pursuant  to  promise,  Ja^\  u,,>Mi*>> 
hasab  al  wa^d. 
Pursue,  r.  (follow,  chase),  j;^  lehek; 
(to  prosecute  with  perseverance),^^««MM»l 
istamar;  (to  prosecute  legally),  L^Jis 

Xu  JuU  tdlab  lU  shari^at.     See  Per- 

seyere,  Endeayour,  Proceed.  When,  behold^ 
a  man  came  forth  from  beneath  the  earth,  and 
he  called  to  me  and  pursued  me,  and  said  to 
me,  Who  art  thou,  and  whence  hast  thou  come, 
and  what  is  the  cause  of  thy  arriyal  in  this 


placer 


>  ..- 


U^'^J^ 


\jy 


cT*  ^  J^^  v/^^  s^  C^J  U^J 


i\ 


Pursued,  Jy^  nudh^. 
Pursuer,    s.    (follower),    ^^S    Idhik; 
(hunter),  Ju^  sayydd\  (prosecutor). 


4>;\t  iarid. 


PUT 


Pursuit  (foUowing),  J^\  iUihdi ;  («n. 

deavour),  s^  jahd,  ^-*-i  w^l|  <4A 

himmai.     See  Proseeutiou. 
Puny  (short  breathed  and  fat),  fj^ 

^^^maJ^  M  annafiu. 
Purvey,  v.  (provide  with  victuals  or  con- 

veniences),  i^Wl^U. jJ\  (•JJ  kaddtm 

taautkhdyir  al  Idtimai, 
Purveyance  (procuremeut  of  provisions), 

^Ul  jJ\  w  jji;  Ukilm  oMohh&yir. 

Purveyor,  «.  ^^^^  J-fj  M^<wtl^  ^^^  ^^^JO- 

See  Procurer,  Pimp. 
Purulence,  pus,  ^  i^A.      [m^Jb^ytA. 

Purulent  (full  of  pus,  as  a  wound),  ^a^ 

Push,  V.  (driye,  shove,  thrust,  force), 
(jljj  dafoihj  ^J  dt^ftt^.  To  push 
back  or  away,  ^j  rod* 

Push,  pushing,  j.  ^i3  iXa/^.  See  Im- 
pulse.—(an  attack),  |*^jB^%'«m,. 
hamlat;  (an  effort),  ^^^m*  «a^i, 
yaAi,  i^Uuhl  ihtimdm.  See  Endeavour. 
— (emergence,  existence),  \,asj\  iittdd. 
To  makd  a  push  (to  assault),  (^ys^  (J««^ 
^mtd  hujutn ;  (to  make  an  effort),  ^^lui 
96^.     See  Endeavour. 

Pushed,  ^y«V«  moi^^. 

Pusillanimous,  ^^L^/a^<I»,uJjf  le>^  Mdytj/^ 
J«:J  tanhai.     See  Cowardly,  Timid. 

Pusillanimousness,  pasillanimity,  ^L^ 
jahdnat    See  Timidity,  Meanness. 

Pusillanimously,  £Lj>  Jiu  hikol jahdnat. 

Pustule,  «•  £L>.  haUa%. 

Put,  V.  (lay),  ^^  wada^,  ^Jb  tarah, 
la^  A»^;  (to  sprout),  u:^  note^;  (to 
€xert),2rj^5^j  *1:^  J^  ^amaljadduho 
wajahdaho;  (to  propose),  ^^  ^arad. 

To  put  in  (insert),  Jfi^^jl  oettAo/.    To 
Tit  in  practice,  J^  ^fodl.      To  put 


(  902  )  FTX 

inaclaim,^^<iW*t^-  T»P«^- 
(divest,  lay  aside),  w-5^^^4 
tarak^MjoMh;  (to  prociwfea 
^\iiH^*ir.  See  Delay. — (to  dificr: 
Jjfi  ^mu»J.  To  put  out  (extingci 
^Jalj  to/V.  To  put  out  (publidi),;f 
oMar.  To  put  to  death,  Ja  «* 
See  Ell,  Murder.- To  put  togeaa 
^Ajprjcf^^t:  To  put  upon  (imp* 
^  iLo^  J-4X  ^««tf/  *ito  ^.  ' 

put  on  (to  wear),  ^^^^  W«-  ^ 
DeceiTe,  (^leat— And  lo,  sbe  cat  of  teri^'i 
and  pot  on  th«  anparel  of  movanisg,  qe^ 
Bald  to  me,  0  my  husband,  do  not  be  j^*j 
to  wkat  I  am  doing ;  for  I  hare  recerKafl 
tliat  my  mother  is  no  more,  that  my  fe:a 
has  lost  his  life  in  a  holy  'waii  that  oa«  r^ 
brothers  has  died  of  a  paiaonons  sting,  &^\ 

other  by  the  fall  of  a  house !  U: 


4 


c^U  (jfcj^^  4^=^^^  *^W^  v/  *'" 


Putn»dinous,  pntresoenty  putrid,  putdifv 

Putr^fiiction,    putresoeuoe,    putrid 

i^^Lc  ^ufunai. 
Putrefy,  r.  (rot),  J^  ^ffim* 
Puzzle,  9.  J^  hayyar.      See  Pe-^s 

Embarrass,  Confound. 
Puzzle,  «.  if,*>-  Mro/, 

Puzzled,  {^jfp^  hayrdti^ 

ta^ajjA.  See  Perplexed. 
Puzzler,  s.ji^s^  nwhayyir. 
Pyramid, «.  ^yb  harim  (pL  a|^^  «Ar^ 

Pyramidal,  pyramidical,  (»;^' J^'* 

a^  harim. 
Pyrites  (fire-stone),  jUt^  hajar 
^jx^  s.  t}^  huk.     See  Bojl 


«J 


axTA 


(90S) 


auA 


Q. 


'he  Arabic  characters  which  have  any 
affinity  with  Q  are  J  and  d^. 

tuadrangLe,  «.  ^VjjJf  t^y^  (J^  *^^ 
murahha^  aatawdyd.  See  Court,  Square. 

luadrangulari  ^^j-l^  H^  murabha^ 
azEawdffd.  To  make  quadrangular, 
jfy^^du*^  ^anudaho  murabha^  J.4bC 

Jill  ^omo/  ahail  tnurahha^.   To 

sit  in  a    quadrangular   fomii   ^^ 

tarahha^.     To  be  quadrangular,  ^  J 
tarahha^  ^yXa  sdr  murahha^ 

tuadrant,  9,  ^j  ruh^.    See  Quarter. — 

The  quarter  of  a  circle,  ijAj^\  ^j  rub^ 

adddyrat.     An  astronomical  quadrant, 
^IjJl  ^ .  rub^adddyrat. 

tuadrate.  SeeQuadrangle,Quadrangular. 
tuadrate,  v.  w—  ^...lU  ndtab.     See  Suit 
tuadrature  (squaring),  ^^,J>  tarbi^, 
tuadrennial  (comprising  or  lasting  four 

years),  ^;«:uJl  t^^  murabba^Msanin; 

(every  four  years),  ^Ji^  ijuj\  J^  iol 

arbacat  iinln. 

taadrilateral,  ^j^  mffm^^a^. 
tuadriliteral  (as  a  word  consisting  of 

of  four  letters),  ^^,j  rubd^. 
tuadruped,  j^A^  ^j^J*^  \J^y^  haywdn 

%il  arba^  Isawdyim,   ^L^t*   mdihiyah 

(pL  ^j^^j^  mawdahl), 
tuadruple,  uJU^I  ImjS  arbti^t  ad^f. 

To  quadruplicate,  j\^\  ifOj\  ^az\^ 

dd^f  arba^at  amrdr, 

*aail,  «.  A^Umi  ntmmdnat  (pL  CL9u«4)«» 
summandt),  \^  §alwd,  i^^  salwa*, 

tuaintly  (accurately),  iJjJij  bikol 
dikkai.  See  Nicely. 


Quaintness.  See  Niceness,  Neatness, 
Prettiness,  Exactness,  AfPectedness, 
Oddness,  Strangeness. 

Quake,  v,  ^^Jo^j  ^^o,f%  ^^j<  irta^, 
^J**JUj\  irta^h.   See  Shake,  Tremble. 

Quake,  quaking,  «.  djl^j  ra^ahat,  »Jxj 

ra^t,   fj\jij  %al%dl,   iijlj  udmdat, 

Qualification,  uJ\^\  Misdf,  l.^^  imm/ 
(pi.  tmJ\^^\  awidf),   imjL^y    tawiHf, 

iA^  9%faL  See  Quality,  Accomplish- 
ment; dUo  Abatement,  Diminution. — There- 
fore, if  thou  design  to  marry  her,  the  son  of 
my  lister  ia  more  worthy  of  her  than  all  the 
reat  of  men,  aa  be  poaeeases  all  the  high  quali- 
fications, l^\i|j  ^^  iJL^s^jB.  (j:^  ^U 

Qualified  (made  fit),  JU^^  muwd^, 
Uy^,iL^  mundiib,  ^Jji  Idyik, 

Qualify,  r.  (make  fit  for  anything),  aLax 
(jJ^\y  ^malaho  muwdfik ;  (to  modify, 
regulate),  UaJ  natam.  See  Arrange. 

Quality  (property,  accident),  A^l^  khda- 
sat,  XmaIsL  Jthdiiiyat,  iLa  sifat,  <UL^ 
haiyfiyat,  ^U  mdhiyat\  (disposition, 
tlamper  of  mind),u.>^Mu«  mashrab,  ^y% 

iftas4;;  (rank),  i^j^  dart^'at,  <U^ 
tnauMolat,  ^j^  martabat,  L^^»nv^  man- 
tab.  See  Dignity,  Nobility.  —  The 
quality  (people  of  rank),  uJ]^f  mA- 
rdf.     See  Nobles. — Goods  of  the  first 

quality,  Jl^  JU  mdl  ^dL    And  she 

said  to  her  none,  What  is  the  name  of  this 
young  man  of  comely  qualities  who  ia  among 

the  soldiers?  \iJb  ^\  U  Iff  j\  jl  usJUi 

Quandary.    See  Doubt,  DUemma. 
Quantity,^^  J^  mukddr,j*yj  kadar,  A«^ 
kammtyai,  ^^  mdblagK 


QUA 


(904) 


QUE 


Quantum  (amount),  llA>s^Jumlat, 

jam^  SeeQaantity. — Quantum  suffioit, 
h\i^  haf&yat.     See  Sufficiency. 

Qalrrel,  ,.  ^  naM&^,  i^;L«  mwOm^ 

^t.     See  Dispute. — A  fbmenter  of 
quarrels,  ls,j\:^\  cJ^JS!^  muhrdk  al 

Qaarrel,  9.  L^li^  ^^ax-  ^amalmundMa^att 
Ztyar^i^AA  ^amal  khuaHmdt,  ^Jax. 
eljj  ^mal  nmd^.  See  Debate,  Dis- 
pute, Figbt.  [s>^. 

Quarreller,  quarrelsome,  «.  &  j\u^  mund- 

Quarry,   s.   (stone-mine),    rS^\  jjJ^«^ 

ma^dan  al  hajar.  [Quarter. 

Quart  (measure),  y>j^^  kudrter.     See 

Quartan   (agae),    ^j^  ly*"^   humma* 

murahha^. 
Quarter   (fourtb  part),  ^j  rub^.     A 

quarter  (region of  tbe  world  or  country), 
uJ^L  taraf,  u^l^-ydnii^.  See  Side, 
District,  Eegion. — Tbe  four  quarters 

of  tbe  world,  lj^L^\  cL  .1  ix)j\  ar- 
ha^t  arhd^  al  maskanat,  Tbe  quarter 
of  a  city,  ^lLst*  muhaUah,  i(j\^  hdrah. 
From  every  quarter,  c-^l5j- jj^^^ 
min  hi  jdnib,  uJ^  J^ ^  mm  hoi 
taraf.  Soldiers'  quarters,  ^Luikil^lC^ 
makdn  dl  ^kar.  Winter  quarters, 
S.*Mji\  \sJ^  mashtd  al  ^kar.  Quarter 
(mercy  sbown  by  a  conqueror),  ^Ul 
amdn.    Quarter !  quarter !  ^^\^\  ^t«l 

amdn  amdn.    To  give  quarter,  ^Jac\ 
^Ul  acta*  amdn» 
Quarter,  v.  (divide  into  four  parts),  a^uJ 
c\)j\  kassam  arhd^.    See  Divide. 

Quarterly  (in  four  parts),   ^j  rub^\ 

(every  tbree  montbs),  j^\  £)U  J^ 
kol  ialdsat  ashhur. 


Quartermaster,  «.^CuJc^  imt^tdm. 

Quasb,  V,  (annul),    Jk;   haUd,  Jk 
ahtal,  ^  luuakh.     See  CraiL 


-ij 


ndi 


Quatrain,  «.  (stanza), 
wJ|^  murahha^ 

Queen,  t.  KL«  malaiai,  Tbe  mi 
motber,  ^UaLJI  if  Jtll^  wdUdaiamic 
Tbe  queen,  at  cheas,jij^\  al  wei'. 

Queer  (wbimsical),  J^i^^  muialkj» 
(odd,  strange),  jjU  iiddtr,  «^-^ 
^^t6;  (fancifulness),  ^Jlacr^diis^ 

Quencb,  v.  (fire),  jUl  ,^^«L  te/a'  «aif 
To  quencb  tbirst,  (^^aJmI  4^^^  r«w'  - 
^tash.    See  EztiDguish ;  Still;  Ctu 

Quencbable,  ^Jia:*^  tfuniaft. 

Quencber,  ^Jia^  mutflm 

Querimonions,  querulous^  1^^  *^' 

Querimonionsly,  querulously,  4:U1- 
&»7  ihakdyat.  [M»^ 

Querimoniousness,  querulouanen,  ^^^ 

Querist,  «.  JjLi  cdyi7.     See  Inqaiie 

Query,  b.     See  Question. 

Query,  v.    See  Question,  Inquire. 

Quest     See  Searcb,  Inquiry. 

Question,  #.  (interrogatory),  J^*-»  li^ 

See  Inquiry,  Disquisition,  Seazdi- 
(doubt),  ciXl  «Aa;&,  i^  M^ 
Any  question  put  for  amusemeD*  ■' 
trial  of  genius,  ^i^^^  aJ^igat  > 
^p-U-1  ahdji).  Question  (duj^ 
controversy),  JudS  kadiytU,  t^  «b^: 
C.o<  iaA«,  ilc\jB^  mufddahi,  ii>'r' 

Question,  v.  (interrogate),  ^^^  «^' 
Aom,  ^^Mii:u«i\  utafiar.  See  Exancau 
—(to  doubt),  ilJ^  MhaL 

Questioned  (doubted,  disputed],  ci^ 


QUI 


( 905  )  ' 


OTJI 


<0  maihkakhihi;  (interrogated)i  J^m^ 
nuuuL 
iuestionable,  djsjM^  mwhtabah,  \H^im^ 

<0  nmhkikh  Inht,   fjJj^\ijL^  taht 

ashshak.  See  Problematical,  Disputable. 

laestioner,  t.  Jj  U  sdyil.  See  Inquirer. 

luestionleBS,  ^^^  tj  hild  shubhah,  L«ij 
yakina%  ^^^^^^  ^X^  i^*  ^  yaJ^n, 
Cjiliiildthat,  SeeCertainljyDoabtless. 

toibble,  «.  ^L^  hllah. 

taibble,  v.  ^Ju>-  J^«^  ^amo/  hllak, 

luick  (Hying,  not  dead),  ^c>-  Aoy; 
(nimble,  prompt,  speedy),  ^/»^  mH^, 

s^^SL^lhapf.  Swift,  Active,  Sprightly, 

Ready. 

aicken,  r.  (make  alive),  ,«-f>-f  aAytf' ; 

(to  hasten),  J^js^^I  wta^'al;  (to  cause 

to  make  haste),  ^Jf^  ^jf^' 

aickener,  «.   (making  alive), 

muhyi. 

aicklime,  ^^/mK  ^«Z9. 

uickly,  iUyNj  J^  ifZoZ  for^o^. 

lickness,  L^  mr^0^.     See  Sprightli- 
nesa.  Activity,  Briskness, 
licksilver,  j;^J  waylah, 
liet,  quiescent  (at  rest,  undisturbed), 
i^fc^bb  Adift;  (peaceable,  silent),  vj;^Li 
tahU,   ^J^   wadl^;    (mild,  gentle), 

liety  quiescence  (rest,  repose,  freedom 
jrom  disturbance),  ^^j  rdhat,  ^JJb 
^adU.  Best,  Eepose,  Tranquillity, 
;2.iiietnes8.  [Pacify. 

.iet,  r.  4/JJb  Aa^\   See  Calm,  Still, 

ieter,  s.  i^*H^  mti^i^. 

ieted,  ^/jU  ^<ft.   So  when  he  heard 

tie  words  of  his  sister,  his  heart  was  tranqnil- 
.z«d,  and  his  terror  was  qaieted,  and  the  pain 

txskt  he  suffered  ceased,  /ti^  ^^Jtma  Uli 


^U  Jljj  ^jj  jL:j  Us  J,liL<  ASrLl 

Quietly,  i^\jJb  JCj  hikol  haddwat.  See 
Calmly,  Peaceably. 

Quietness,  quietude  (a  state  of  tranquil- 
lity), (L>-\j  rdhat.  See  Quiet. — 
(calmness  of  mind),  JUt  l>^\j  rdhat 
Mdl,  See  Calmness,  Stillness. — (si- 
lence), CJ^^Ca  iukntf  L::->w4Mg  Bamt. 

Quince,  iSp^jL^  tafarfalat.    A  quince 

tree,  fj^yut  ijSf^  shafarat  safarjal. 

Quinquangular,  \i\^jLmaS^  ^  laho  kham- 

$at  lawdyd.    See  Pentangular. 
Quinsy   (inflammation  of  the  throat), 

jll^  khunndk. 
Quintessence,  ^d^JLw  khaldsat,  <LJbt«  md- 

hiyaty  cjI  J  %dtt  /^^  jawhar*     See 

Essence. 
Quintuple,  i^\x^\iMiAj>^  khamsatad^f. 
Quire,   «.  (of  paper),  ^^ds>^J  dastat 

warakf  Jj^  uJ^  kaficarak. 

Quit,  V.  (leave),  yc*  hqfar,  CJjt  tarak; 

(to  set  free),  fjJ^  khaUas,  J^\  at- 
lak  \  (to  discharge  or  pay),  _5^  tra/a*. 

See  Pay,  Bepay,  Bequite. — (to  excul- 
pate oneself  from  any  imputation), 
JiX^-jj)  horror  hdlaho. 

Quite,  aUcJIj  hiltamdm,  UUj  iamdman, 
lL%j^\j  hiljumlat,  JU^lj  hU  kamdl, 
XJ^li  hH  kolliyotf  Uila^  mutlakan. 
Quite  well,  1  Jls^  ^Jiifi  ^zlmjiddan. 

Quittance,  8.  (discharge  from  a  debt, 

etc.),  \j)\  ibrd.   See  Acquittance. 
Quittance,  9.     See  Bepay,  Beoompense. 
Quiver,  «.  (case  for  arrows),  ^Lx>-  /n^- 

da^.     A  maker  of  quivers,   ^-'U>- 
Quiver,  v.  (-i>y  rajaf.     See  Shudder, 


BAG 


(906) 


BAI 


Tremble,   Quake,    Qaarer.  —  Qoiter. 

See  Nimble,  ActiTe.  [Share,  Portion. 
Quota,  ^Ua>.  hiuah,  ^mi  kiimai.  See 
Quotation,  $.  (from  an  author),  ^LiJl 

iktibOi. 
Quote,  9.  iM^\  (ktabat. 
Quoted,  ^^..-iS/t  muktaboi, 
Quoter,  «.  ^j»tM^  muktabit. 
Quotidian,  ^^  ffaumi.    See  Daily. — 

A  quotidian  ague,  ^^  l/^  humma* 

yawmiyehf  ^«j^  J^4«^A«mina'  daytnUh, 
Quotient  (in  arithmetic),  J^^l^-  Ad«i7, 

^L^  mahlagh. 


E. 


E  has  one  uniform  sound  in  English; 
as  '  rose,'  '  more,'  '  for.'  In  Arabic  it 
is  expressed  bjj.  [h&kh&m, 

Eabbi,  rabbin, «.  (Jewish  doctor),  ^^U^U- 

Eabbit,  «.  (animal),  f^^J^  amah. 

Babble,  «.  ^bji  awbdth.  See  Mob, 
Crowd,  Vulgar. 

Eace  (family,  lineage),  J^t  a$I,  J^ 

nasi,  \^^am]  nasah,  {j**:^  jins,  hji 

nurriyat  (pi.  <^\ijO  wurriydt),  lio}^ 

tdyi/at  See  Oeneration,  Ofibpring, 
Progeny,  Ancestry. — Of  an  illustrious 
race,  J^HI  j^i^  karim  al  ail.     Of  a 

mean  race,  u».^ii.u;H  J^fsr^  mafhUl  an- 
nasah,  i^^m)  ^jdU  m&laho  nasab,  A 
race  (contest  in  running),  Aa^L^  mu- 
sdhakat    See  Course. 

Bacer,  s.  (jj\m^  musdhik.    See  Bunner. 

Back  (torture),  c^l  j^  ^andh.  A  rack 
for  hay  or  straw,  u,ftl,it^  ma^f. 

Back,  V.  (put  to  the  torture),  L^ix 
^OMjuih.    See  Punish,  Torment,  Harass ; 


Stretch,  Extend.^  To  rack  off  (wk. 

etc.),  ^Jia  saffi^. 
Backed,   i^f^^  mu^amah.    See  Tar- 

mented. — Backed  off  (as  wine),  ^ 

mutaffi^.    See  Purified. 
Badianoe,    radiancy,    radiatioii,  ^ 

sha^d^f  j^  nUr,  |^U^  Imm^os,  '^ 

diyd.    Soe  Light,  Splendour,  Listzt 

Badiant,  w^S  Idmt^fj^^  Mtoiir.  Sa^ 

Bright,  Splendid,  Shining. 
Badiate,  9.  ^^  lama^     See  Sbiae. 

Badical,  ^JJ\  ash,  J^\  aHO,  JL'  k^ 

See  Original,  PrimitiTe. 
Badically,  ^}Ji\  ^  mm  al  ad. 
Eadicalness,  iJJi\  ll[J\  al  Jiakt « 
Badish,  s.  ^M  [4^ 

Badius  (of  a  circle),  ^^lafii^  l^^  nsf'* 

katr ;    (arm-bone),  ^JlcJ\  Jj^^  ua 

^aEfnataaind  al  a^la\     See  Bay. 
Bag,  i,  ImJj rut^t,  Zip-  kkmrloL  ^'| 

Tatter. 
Eage,  i^^»^r.  ghadab,  )euk  ykay%.  ^ 

Anger,  Vehemence. 
Eage,  V.  {^-^onr  yhaddah. 
Eaging,  rageful,  L^y^yhadal, 

mughaddib.  See  Furious,  Angry,  Vi 
Bagged,  ^j^  murakka^    See  Ta 

Bugged. 
Eaging.     See  Bagefbl.  [P 

Eagingly,  i^^r  Jij  hikot  ghaiA. 
Bagman,  #.  j^  ^  hayy&^ 

Bail,  a.  (palisade),   ^^*J^j^ 
jjjjj^jj  dardbtln, 

Eailway,  JjO^t  (jl)^  twik  al  i 

So  I  rodo  on  the  railway,  and  descended 
city  of  Elbaarah  with  a  party  of  i&er. 
and  we  trarersed  the  eea  for  manT  ^ 

night8,Li;^jj«r|^jjj^tji^J*; 


iLAS 


(907) 


EAN 


Lailer,  9,  (one  who  abuses  with  inBalting 

language),  JfLSi  thdtim. 
laillery    (satirical    merriment],    ^J^ 

mazdh,  ifjS^**^  moikhara. 
Ukiment,  {jJJ  Mds,  c-^Lj  tii/ab.    Bee 

Apparel,  Oarment. 
iain,Jj^  matar  (pi.  jlk^l  amtdr). 
tainbow,  a.  -.  jJ  (j^y  ksws  hmh, 
lain,  f7.  ^a^  J^  sdr  maUtr.    To  caaae  to 

rain,^^la^l  amtar, 
lainy,  jtL«  mdtir. 
taise,   V.   (lift,   heave),    v,,.^.»nJ    fMWoi, 

«-ii  ro/a^.    To  raise  an  insurrection, 

jJJ^  ^JS  iat(m^.am  alhahd.     To  raise 

an  army,  iLu£  ^^^  jama^  ^kar. 

taised,  c  ^i^  marfu^  t*V*  *'**''^f 
See  Exalted,  Preferred, 
taiser,  «.  ^^%.0U  nS^ti,  ^\j  rdji^. 


taisin,  i^.^^  «  zahlh 


d  troops),^^L**jJ^ 
jy*S^\jama^al^JtaralnHtk8ilri  (to 
play  off  ndUery),  ^'•r/*  maxahma^ 

tam,  ».  {Jj^  kahsh ;  (the  celestial  sign), 

fjA^\  ^  jjburf  id  hamal.  A  battering 

ram,^J«;^^U  numfanlk  (pi.  c:^U*xsX« 
manjanlkdt). 

Lam,  V.  (beat  violently  as  with  a  batter- 
ing ram),  fj0i>^x^\j  ^j^  dor  ah  hil 
manjanik. 

Lamble,  v.  jt  j  ddr.    See  Wander,  Stray. 

lamble,  «.  ^\;j«3  datcardn.    See  Eange. 

(ambler,  «•  j\^4)  dmotodr.  See  Wanderer. 

tamification,  ti,,.^.;iiMi7  taah^ih* 

tampart,  «.  rampire,  ^ulill  ]a^  hayt  ol 

Lancid,  ^j  %aniihf  ^^jA/t^  mu^jfin. 
ancidness,  randdity,  ijjkfi  ^ufunai. 


Rancorous,  J^a>.  hoHd. 
Bancorously,  J^Ac^  JSj  hikol  hakd. 
Eancour,  «\S»-  hakd.     See  Malevolence. 

Bandom  (chance),  jUjI  tWt/fi*,  jjfl^U 

^druf.     Bandom  (accidental),  t^^Uj^ 

t«t/^ifef,  ^Vj^  t^^^^'  ^^  random  (by 
chance),  j\S3%  hU  itUfak!^\i\^\  itO- 

fdkan;  (inconsiderately),  Jt'b^^j;^ 

min  ghayr  taammtd.  And  he  concealed  his 
ease  and  diseoised  himself;  and  he  went  forth 
in  the  middle  of  the  night,  wandering  at 
random,  and  not  knowing  whither  to   go, 

ai^  ^j'^.  V^  <ii>  ^  ^^  ^^ 


>»ya:M«  manMum, 


Bange,  v.  (place  in  order),  (.^  w/, 

Joj  fuaam.     See  Order,— (to  be  placed 

or  stand  in  order),  uJia^^  i^taf,  J3i3\ 

ifUasum. 
Bange,  ^^Uai  nixdm^  t-i-^  w/  (pi.  cJ^ 

wfuf).    See  Bow,  Series,  Bank,  Order. 

— (the  step  of  a  ladder),  ^j^  darajah 

(pi.  (J:j\ff^jJ  darajdf). 

M^--^  muntattim, 
murattah 
Bank,  «.  ^^Jua  Mf\  (a  series,  row),  <j-tf 

«a/,  ^Ik)  fittSm.      See  Bange,  Order. 

— (degree),  <^y  martdbat,  iJij  rutbat, 

iSJa  tabakat,  i^j*^  darajat,  ^Ui  9hdn. 

See  Dignity.— (precedency),  j*x^  to- 

taddur,  /^*sSj  takaddum.   And  his  sister 

said  to  him :  Mention  them  to  me,  for  I  know 
them;  he  proofed,  therefore  to  enamerate 
them  to  her,  one  after  another,  while  she  said : 
I  approve  not  of  this  for  my  son,  nor  will  I 
marry  him  save  to  her  who  is  like  him  in 
heauty,  loTcliness,  intelligence,  religion,  polite 
accomplishments,  kindness  of  natore,  dominion, 


rank  and  descent,  <U^\  ^  ui^LLi 


HAB 


(908) 


RAT 


i  nahab; 
Ugattai. 


^3^  O^  ij^>^  ^3J^  h  ^^^  ^•^ 

C^^^lj  L-^-wuuJ)^  CiUlj   *JJ/J|^ 

Bank,  t;.  (place  abreast),  t^^irf*  m/xo/'. 
Eansack,  v,  (plunder),  ,^^J^  9^^  \?^ 

(to  search  narrowly). 

See  Search. 
Eansacked,   c^jLmu«  fikw^fl^, 

manAai.     See  Plundered. 
Hansom  (of  a  captive),  ^Ji  fidd^  ^S3 

fidiyat\  (ransom  or  compensation  for 

bloodshed),  h*^  diyat     See  Mulct. 
Hansom,  v,  f^Jjfada*,  ^j^S^hhdllaa. 
Bansomed,  uf  J^:^  munfada^  ^'^^^  ^^Z" 
Bansomeless,  1jj)b  ^i7a,/£i(I.  [tail. 

Bat^,  l)j^  darhatf  L^  latmai,  SeeBlow. 
Bap,  V,  Jal  latam,  )a^  shahat. 
Bapacious,  uJtU-  hUtif,  ^j\prJ^rt% 
j^-rA'-  ffhdsib.     See  Fierce. 

Bapaciously,  \j^  kahran. 

Bapaciousness,  rapacity,  (^^»ar.  yhoih, 
uJk^  khatf. 

Bape,  8,  ij\iJ\  J^l  akh%  al  hahdrat. 

Bapid,  Hly*«>  «arl^.     See  Swift,  Quick. 

Bapidity,  rapidness,  ^^  «ur^a^.  See 
Swiftness.  [«MrjiJto». 

Bapidly,  is^  JCj  Jt^?  tur^t,  \sxj^ 

Bapine,  i^^  nahb,  <U«|3  nahihat,  2rjU 
ghara,  Uju  yaghmd.  See  Plunder, 
Yiolence,  Porce.  [Delight. 

Bapture,  iXsj-j  u^^'i.      See  Transport, 

Bare  (uncommon,  yaluable),  ^jU  n&dir, 
jljD,  ^0sls,  u--"-^  tfl/l^.  See  Pre- 
cious ;  Excellent. — (thin),  (j^j  raHh, 

Barely  (not  often),  \jC\j  nddiran.    See 
Seldom. — ^Happening  rarely,  ?^j^^j*^^ 


nadir  al  nmka^     See  Finely,  Fk&Y 

Accurately. 
Bareness,  rarity,  J^jU  nddir^.  Anrikr, 

SjJU  nddirai  (pl.j*>^y  ji«paJ»r),^ 

tithfai.     See  Scarcity;  otso  Thisses. 

Subtlety. 
Bascal,  rascallion,  ^-jij^  «itfrtr,  ^mJ 

fdnh.     See  Scoundrel,  "Villain. 
Bascality,  i[;U»-  iakdrai.    SeeTHlsj 
Bascally,^^Jb- Aaitf r.   See  Mean,  Wfi^ 

less. 
Base,  v.(jytfLa)U^JJbAa<{to/t7Mdi.  ^ 

Erase,  Demolish,  Destroy,  Skim. 
Bash,  ^JJ  ^U  malaAo  toiMr,  ;C» 
mutahawmr.  See  Hasty,  Precipita 
Yiolent,  Imprudent,  Careless.— Eai 
satin,  ^yjiff\  atlas.  The  rash  ;£ 
efflorescent  eruption    on    the  Kx; 

Bashly,^Jjlb  hild  tadbHr.  SeeP:^ 
cipitately.  Carelessly,  Violently. 

Bashness,j|^  taihawwwr. 

Basure,  ^S^hah.  Therasureoffc^ 
ings,  cl^^  hah. 

Bat,  ».  ^i^j^yr  J^dun.  b" 

Batable,  c.;.^li-i»  mtmoM]^,  cP  V  "*' 

Batably,  LJc^  j!^^  hihol  mum^ 
See  Proportionably. 

Bate  (proportion),  i-sli-*  «»i^*^ 
(price),  i*-;  itl»«<.  See  Price,  Tsi* 
— (tax,  assessment,  census),  */ 
W<ir4;,  i jr  y«Biya^.  The  nie ' 
current  price  of  proyision8,jU-5J'**' 
h&ymat  dl  as^dr.     Bate  of  «chsr 

Bate,  r.  (value  at  «  certain  rate).  / 
tamman ;  (to  chide),  ^  J  aw,  ^;**^ 

Bather/Lai  fadbn,  ^^-^aJll  tfW^ 


BAY 


(909) 


BEA 


latification,  Ju^  tdltidf  Jua^uJ  tashyld, 
Ci^UI  Mat,  Jujlj  taaiftd,  J-^ 
toifil     See  Confirmation. 

iatifiedy  jyU  mukarrar,  C^yt  muHtkkad, 

latifier,  i.  _]lc  j  jIo^  mutddtk  ^ala\ 

latify,  9.  ^Ac  ^J^^^  tddak  ^ala\ 
latio  (proportion),  <Lm»1:^   mundsahat,' 
See  Bate, 
tational  (endowed  with  reason),  j;Ll3 

cJ\;  jl  sdhib  idrdk,  A  rational  crea- 
tnre,  ^l3  f^^yt^  haywdn  ndtih.  A 
rational  man,  Jjgi^^^^l^  fd^tS  ^oj^/. 
national  men,  cJ|^o\  (^U:'*^l  Mhdh 
tdrdk,  SeeBea8onable,Wi8e,J'adioiou8. 

Nationality  (rationalness),  J^-Lc  ^akl. 
See  Beason.  [sonably. 

ationally,  Jaa  ^J^  hikol^akl,  SeeBea- 

AtBbane,jU!  \  ^  ^m  a{^dr,  u^  \f!  1  S-'j/ 
^ard3  al  hdlik.  See  Arsenic, 
avage,  v.  (lay  waste),  s-']^  J^-^fi  ^ 
fnal  khardh.  See  Sack,  Bansack, 
Plimder,  Spoil.  *- The  army  of  the 
enemy  ravaged   the  whole  oonntry, 

adu  kharahn  al  hUdd  kollahd, 

takhirih,  JJuj  ta^ll, 
See  Bain,  Spoil,  Waste. 

khardh.    See  Desolate. 
mukharrtb. 


ivage 
ivaged,  4->1 


Imager, 

i^e,  V.  L^iJb  hata\    Ton  rave  about 

;lie  full  moon  in  the  ranlt  of  heaven ;  leaye 
yff  thy  delusions,  for  she  is  my  heloved,  not 
;bat  moon:    her  charms  oatvie  the  revival 

>f  the  dawn,  ^  15*  j*^'  ^*^  S^*H^ 

,^el,  9.  i-JJ  2a^9  Aj}  haram,  9^/>-  khoT' 
fa^.    See  Entangle,  Perplex,  Involye. 


mal,  ^j\pr  J^yt 


Baven,  9.  ih  idgh,  (^Sji  ghirdh,  jl3 

kdk.     See  Crow. 

Bavenons,  ^Jj^t  oitiSifZ.    A  ravenous  ani- 

haywdnjdrih*    See 

Bapacious. 
Bavenously,  XjL  4^^  &ti^/  tharah, 

Bavenousness,  iiJU  sharah,  ik^  lahfaL 

Baving,  adj.  ^^y^  majnun.   See  Fran- 
tic ;  also  Delirious. 
Bavish,  v.  (a  woman),  ^^  fadah ;    (to 

seize  by  violence),  t^ih^  khaiaf;  (to 

transport,  delight),  ^.\  ahhaj. 

Bavisher,  s,  ^li  fddA. 

Baw  (not  concocted),  Ar^^  khdm;  (un- 
ripe), ^  faf.  See  Immature. — (un- 
skilful), AjiwLf.  glufhlm.  Half-raw 
(meat),  (J  nay.     Baw  silk,  li  kast. 

Bay,  9.  &U^  9ha^^     The  rays  of  the 

sun,  ^jM««^\  cU^  9ha^^  a9h9ham9. 

Bay,  «.  (fish),  ^jmJ^\  ;^<n4.i.i  Mrnoi^  attur9. 

Bay,  9.     See  Array ;  Streak. 

Baze,  V.  ^JJb  hadam.    See  Base,  Efiaccj 

Bazor,  9.  iSi^  u^y  ^^  hildka. 
Beach,  v.  (touch  with  the  hand),  ^/m^ 
lanuu ;  (to  arrive  at,  attain),  J^j  we9el, 

^1j  balaghf  |J«a>-  ha99al;  (to  fetch 

from  a  distance  and  give),  ^-'^-  /S&. 
To  reach  (penetrate  to),  J^  J  dakhal^ 
jij  9u;/ai;  (to  be  adequate  to),  jjl^ 

ter<3/a^;   (to  extend),  J^  madd,  LubJ 

34«a^;  (to  be  extended),  f^&^\  amtad» 

As  far  as  the  eye  can  reach,  J^jji 
¥>Ai\  kadar  madd  al  ba9ar.  To  reach 
or  vomit,  ijSc^\  uia/ragh. 

Beach  (extent),  J^Jcl^I  imtiddd;  (intel- 
lectual capacity),  ^Jl«!\  iy^\  al  ihl- 
wat  al  mudrikat,  Jl&  ^oi^/,  cJ|^j) 


KEA 


(910) 


BEA 


idrdh;   (a  fetch,  contrivance),    iLt^ 
hllah.  See  Stratagem.— (power),  iji^i 
hudrah.      A  reach  or   reaching   (to 
Tomit),  ^jiaJi  istifragh. 
Re-act,  r.  (return  the  impnlae),    jJJ 

dafa^,  trb  *^«*t'  ^^J  ^'^^'  ®^  ^P^^ 
Re-action,  5-3  J  <^/t-     See  Repulsion. 
Read,  v.  U  *flr(l.     I  am  a  King,  and  the 

son  of  a  King.  I  read  the  Kuran  according  to 
the  seven  traditiona,  and  perueed  Tanons 
works  under  the  tuition  and  auspices  of  differ- 
ent learned  professors  of  their  sulqect,  I 
studied  astrology  and  the  comnositions  of  the 
poets,  and  made  myself  so  profiaent  m  aU  the 
sciences,  that  I  surpassed  aU  my  contempora- 

riee,  Ji>\  C^  !/^  C^^\C^d\ 

JUj  J4^  u:^  ^^  (.jW^ 

Heading,  ».  hS^  mutalifot,  i']/  *»• 
rdat.  See  Study,  Lecture.— To  teach 
by  reading  or  lecture,  ^^-^  J  itorroa. 

Rieader,  ».  ^Jj  karl-  See  Student.— 
—A  public  reader  (in  a  university, 

etc.),  ^J^  mudarrU. 
Readily,  'lU.  hdUan,  ^li^;-*  wircflton ; 
(wilHngly,   eagerly),    i^?^  J^   ^»^^^ 

Readiness  (state  of  being  ready),  ^^ 

(promptftude),  l&j^  tur^t ;  (willing- 
ness, eagerness),  ij^s-  ghlrat. 
Re-admission,  JJ  J^  ^  J^*^  <^«**«^ 
minjadld.  ^  [minjadld. 

Re-admit,  v.  Jj^Xt  ^T*  t)^*^  rf«Af«A«Z 
Re-admitted,  x^^  d^  J^^b  dfaHi?  Wnl 

marrah. 
Ready  (at  hand),y.*W  AaiJi r,  ^-^isWi 
mustahdir,  J jc;  dn^pr^  miato^ti^.      See 


Present,  Prepared.— (prompt,  qirick), 
«yj^  «artc;  (acute  of  understand!. 
^  /tfAiVfi.  Ready  money,  ^^ 
nam.  See  Money. —Ready  to  reeai^ 
J^  Jjcu*^  muiiaiid  W  iiiW.   A 

ready  answer,  ^l.^  <-r-**j-^  i**^ 
Mrfir.  Ready  at  an  answw.  /> 
L^\y^  Udir  W  jawah.  To  nab 
ready,  j2s>^  haddar.  See  Prepst- 
To  be  ready,   -isr  tdhaddar,  ^ 


M^a^euf.  He  made  ready  the  accoabow 
8nd  weapons,  and  mounted,  with  his  fstei  ■'. 
the  Jinn  and  of  mankind,  upon  the  esnt 
with  the  hiids  flying  OTcr  bU  head,  ^ 
wild  heaatB  heneath  the   carpet  masat, 


And  I  commanded  the  oook  to  w^  bft 
and  buy  something,  and  get  it  ready  a 
cooked  for  supper;  then  I  entered  the  jiar 

and  slept,  JU  ^^  J^  j^^  ^f' 


Real  (genuine,  not  fictitious),  ^ 
hamHy  -^  •ahlh,  J^A^  ^ 
Real  knowledge,  ljy\,m  ^W uJ> 
o^  mu^arif  d  ma^naunyai,  A  i» 
estate,  ^Ur  ^akdr,  fjoj\  ari.  » 
Estate. 

Reality,  ^LIs*-  ^^i«^. 

Realize,  r.  fjh^  hakkak. 

Really,'\iA-A5^  haklkatan,  U-iJ  y«^ 
JuLas^Ij  &»^  halnkai. 

Realm,  ».  CJ^  mtdh,  KL*^  wa****^ 
XJ^  J  dawlat.     See  Kingdom. 

Re-animate,  r .  .X»  J^  ^^^^  ^^1  **?■' 
minjadld.  See  ReyiYC,  Inspirit 

Re-annex,  r.  JJJ^r  ^^  tJU\  ^^"^ 


BEA 


(911) 


REB 


leap,  V.  Jwa»-  hatad.  See  Gather,  Ob- 
tain.— No  longer  attempt  to  beguile  me,  for 
thou  Tilt  not  attain  thy  object.  What  thou 
leekest  from  me  is  impoMible.  Thon  bait  aown : 
reap,  then,  rexation  and  final  destruction, 


Uu: 


'JJ 


Ju^ 


^ 


'J 


teaped»  dyAsr*  mahiUd. 

^aper,  f.  jlia»-  luuidd,  Ju^l^-  hand, 

Leaping-hook,  J^scu  manjah  See  Hook. 

^aping-time,   jlosi'l  ^Uj   toman   al 
hudd.     See  Harvest. 
:ear,  reai^gaard,  rearward,  t.^^CuuJiItZjU 
9dkai  d  ^Jtar,  jLuji]  j:>^yt  mawkhar 
al  ^Jcor. 

e-ascend,  v,  <J4 J^  ^  >■  i  W  ^^^ mm 
fadid.    See  Ascend, 
eaaon  (reasoning  faculty),  Jlc  ^oit/, 

j^fuhm,  cJ\jSi  idrak,  i^J^I  if]^l 

a/  kUtcat  almudrikat ;  (a  ground,  prin- 
ciple, cause,  motive,  argument),  \_  -^i^rt 
gahah,  \^^^^^y  mHjih,  ^lL^jI^  wdsitah, 
(aJ^^b  i^dc^M,  JJ  J  (2a/!/.  See  Cause. 
—  (moderation,  moderate  demand), 
jJ1*\i£l  i^iddl.   See  Bight,  Justice. — 

For  this  reason,  (.iXJi  Jsj-l  ^^  mm 
wfl  zdlih.  See  Account,  For,  Because. 
— Endowed  with  reason,  JJ^t^J  zn 
akl  (pi.  JjAc  4^jj  s^tt^f  ^ttJtfl/).  See 
Etatiooal.  —  Consistent  with  reason, 
J^,ft,.^.^  ma^ila/.  See  Beasonahle. — 
^ith  clear  reasons,  als'^t.  ^  jU  hiadil- 
atin  wddihah,     Words  or  things  con- 

istent  with  reason,  ^zSi^^ji^  ma^kaldL 

^rt  thou  of  a  rank  to  attain  to  this  high  emi- 
ence,  or  rather  has  thy  reason  decreased  to 
lis  extreme  d^ee  that  thou  confrontest  me 
-ith  these  wor£  ?  Art  thou  dreaming  P  and 
ow  dost  thoa  dream  snch  dreams  f  Inform 
te  then  what  has  happened  to  thee,  and  I 

rill  not  blame  thee !  ^^^  kAj  J^ 


♦  dill  ^j>^  U  Jj^\i  ♦  f£>.\  1  jjjb 

Beason,r.  (argue  rationally),  i^L^^  hahas, 
<^lrwL/s  ^4^  ^ama/  mubdhasah,  J^^fi 
^yL«  ^ama/mMAtf'^a^.  See  Discourse, 
Debate,  Discuss,  Ai^e,  Dispute,  De- 
liberate, Talk,  Examine. 

Beasonahle  (endowed  with  reason),  JiU 
^kU,  See  Bational. — (just,  proper, 
agreeable  to  reason),  t^,^^>J[i>^  mundith, 

J^A«/s  ma^k&l,  ^^yt  muwdfik,  jji 
ldyik,J)\t^  jdyit. 

Beasonableness  (fitness,  propriety),  XJU 
laydkaty  I^^jl^  ma^hdiyai ;  (modera- 
tion), JtjCLfil  i^ttddl. 

Beasonably  (agreeable  to  reason),  c  yj 
Ji«ll  (ji^yt  hinaw^in  mutodfik  lil^aJtl, 
J^&JL^  ^^  hiwq^htn  ma^kul. 

Beasoner,  «.   lL^^L^  mubdhis,  Jiff\:^ 

mund%ir. 
Beasoning,  «.  4(i>.Lw«  mubdhasah^  sJio\i^ 

mund%arah ;  (logical),  jia:^^  mantik. 

See  Beason,  Logic,  Argument. 
Beasonless,  J^LU  .^  ghayr  ndtik.    See 

Unreasonableness.  [minjadld, 

Be-asalemble,  i>.  Jj  J^  ^  ^^^A^jama^ 
Be-assert,  v.  (assert  again),  Jj  «X>-  tj^jji 

karrar  mmjadid;  (claim  again),  t_Jl* 

*X[*x^  iir«  ^^»^  fninjadld.  See  Assert 


Bebel,  «.  ^If  ^d«l. 


Bebel,  v.  ^^^  ^eH,  ^Ic ^\j  kdm  ^ak% 
^\s,  jU  %dr  ^d9l.     See  Mutiny. 


BEC 


(912) 


BEC 


Bebellion.  ij^^a^  ^atdwai,  ^^^^^c  ^tM- 
ydn,  i:sj  JUnat.  See  Mutiny,  Insar- 
rection.  [Motinous. 

Eebellious,  ^c^^lfi  ^dA.    See  Bebel ;  0^0 

Bebound,  v,  lai  nat^  hj  ^Jaa  ^amal  ran' 
fMh,     See  Beyerberate,  Becoil. 

Beboundi  ^jtSx.  ^ah,  ^jmI^I  in^tkas, 

Bebuild,  r.  a^j  ramram.     See  Boildi 

To  repair.  [Beprimand. 

Bebuke,  v.  ^^  wMakh.     See  Chide, 

Bebuke,  i,  aj)  lawm,  fX^  fnaldmf  ^^,y 
tawhlkh, 

Bebuked,  f^y^  mutoabhakh. 

Becally  V.  Jo  J^  ^^  c^^JJ?  talib  min  jo* 
did.  To  recall  to  life,  ^<-:»>^l  ahya\ 
See  Beyive.— To  recall  to  memory. 
See  Becollect.  [Betract. 

Becant,  «.  i^Jj\  ankar  ^alayhi.     See 

Becantation,  jld  inhar, 

Beoanter,  ^^Ci/t  munkir, 

Becapitulate,  v,  ,<^Jt^  \  4}lc  ^a<?  al  ma^\ 

Becapitulation,  ft^\j\j3  tikrar  al  ka- 
Idm,  aH^]  l^^  i? jUI  i^dat  natijat 
al  kaldm. 

Beoede,  v.  uJ^t  tnsaraf,  l^'^v^  ta- 
jannah.     See  Betire,  Becoil,  Desist. 

Beceipt,  «.  (discharge),  J^^  tousUl; 
(receiving),  j\asr\  ittikhdZy  J^^  wusuL 

Beceivable,  jUr^ll  j;jll  layik  al  ittikhdt. 

Beceive,  v.  (take),  JLj  tasallam,  j^l 
a^^s;  (accept),  JJ  M^/;  (get,  ob- 
tain), 4j<ia>-  Aa«M^.  See  Accept, 
Take,  Obtain,  Contain. — (to  entertain 
as  a  guest),  c^Lo  ddf. 

Beceired,  J^U  mdkhUz,  y^y^  tnak- 

hud.     "Well  received,  J^JU  makbul. 
Beceiver,  s.  j^J  aakhiz,  ^l5  kdhid. 


Beceney,  reoenfaiesa,  ij]Jo  tariwd,  U 

Newness,  Freshness. 
Beoent,  dJi^jadUl.     See  Fresh,  S^t 
— (not  antique),  ^ju^lc^ ^Asyr tsS 
Beoently,  O^J^  ^^  minjaiid, 
BeceptibUity,  J^Jl  ^UL«^  tjiiildji«/^> 
Beception,    J^l  akh%,   c\ssr\  HOwc, 
Favourable  reception,    ^}y^  ^- 
IApA  tfdhat,  Uj   ridd;    (enterx- 
ment),^LM^t  ^  W  ^yd/mt  almtvi 
See  Hospitality,  Welcome. 
Becess,   recession    (retirement),  U> 

ikhtildi   (departure),    Jl^^^  «^ 
See    Secession,    Betreat.  —  A  rrs 
(place  of  retirement),  iA^  iJuit:'- 
Becipe,  «.  (medical  prescriptioii),  ^ 

Becipient.     See  Beceiring,  Becare. 
Beciprocal,   (^;si^f  ^^   mtn  atiany 

^^j^\js\  ^  min  dl  jdnihln,  CSj^ 

mtuhtarak. 

Beciprocally,  \Sj:jL^  mushiariian,  f\ 
r^ia^  nanJr  hinazir,  Lmj  w*g**  ^'  I 
ham,  ha^dan.  []miwUr> 

Beciprocalness,    reciprocation,    t^^- 

Becital,  ^^    takrir,    iA^    hi: 
^\^j  riwdyaL     See  Bepetitioo.  ^ 
hearsal,  Enumeration. 

Becite,  v.  tX>*  Aaia*,  fJ^  iJ-*^  tf 

takrlr,  ^  J  saibir.     See  BepeaS. 

hearse,  Tell.— Be  not  ashamed,  for  the 
become  my  brother:  recite  then  tbt  ' 
siDce  they  pleased  me  when  I  heard  t'.ec 
thee  as  thou  recitedest  them  at  the  d^^-  ^ 
upon  this  the  porter  recited  to  him  Utos'  7' 


B£C 


(913) 


££C 


ieciied,jjS^  mukarrar,  J^ai/*  maniul. 

teciter,  «.  JSU  ndkU,  ^^  hd]^,jjA^ 
mukarrir,  ^^^j  rdwH. 

leckon,  v.  Jl£  ^d,  (-^-^Lu^-  ^Jaa  ^amal 
hisdh.  See  Number,  Calculate,  Count, 
Enumerate. — (to  esteem),  jLslc)  ^Ja^ 
^mal  i^ibdr,  &)/»^\  i^^^  ^mal  Mi- 
rdm;  (to  intend),  Ju^  iasad.  See 
Purpose,  De8ign.^to  depend  upon, 
trust  to),  tJ^  Juk^Lci  i^imad  ^ala% 

;eckoned  (numbered),  J^«X«^  ma^dud, 
i  ^  fyuv^  mahsuh. 
«ckoner,  «.  i^^^^[s^  muhdtih. 

m 

^ckoning  (computation),  Cr-'L*>.  hitdb, 
^U^W«  muhdsabat, 

^laim,  V.  (reform),  ^^  iaUah.     See 
Correct,  Tame,  Be-demand,  Becall. 
.ecline,  v.  IXj\  ittakd,  jc«mJ1  inionad. 
See  Eepose,  Best,  Lean; 
^luse, «.  if^ls^l  uy^^^  muhib  alkhalwat, 

recognisance,  ^yc^  ma^fai. 
eoognize,  v.^JJ  toMkkar,  _!l£  ^jI^ 
«dd!ti^  t.^^'*    See  Recollect, 
ecoil,  V.  (fall  or  run  back),  \ji^  ^rj^V\ 

laJ  910^.  SeeEecede,Bebound,Fail,  Shrink 
ecollect,  v.^SJ  tazakkar^Jjj  tafdkkar. 
See  Eemember.— To  recollect  oneself 
(recover  reason  or  resolution),  ^-^^^ 
SmJi^  jama^  hawdsaho ;  (to  collect 
again,  to  gather  together  what  is 
scattered),  ^4^  jamma^,  [zakiar. 
^collected  (remembered),  ^^  jo^  mwto- 
HM>llection,  ^jJ  tasMkkur,  jSj  %ikr. 
See  Eemembrance,  Memory. 
KM>mmence,  9.  JJ  J^  ^  \dzj\  ihiadd 
ninjadld. 


Eecommenced,  J^«Xs»-  ^ 
^iuJa'  minjadid, 

Becommend,  r.  (praise),  -.X«  madah, 
u^j  iffosaf;  (introduce  to  &TOur), 
«X>-\  ^  ^^^  i^mm'  fl  ahhad.     See 

Commend. 
Becommendable,  L^^\  i  i^w«  mtM^-* 

mukarram.    See  Commendable. 

Becommendation,  J^;.^«^^J  %ikrjamU, 
Ju4>g».  (^jLtf^  «;a{^  ^mlJ.  See  Praise, 
Commendation.^  (introduction  to  fa- 
Your  or  service),  l^yS  iawiiyai.  A 
letter  of  recommendation,^Ltfy  ii^jiC* 
maktub  tawnyat. 

Becommended,  .^iXk^  mamdHih,     See 

Praised. — (introduced  to  favour  or  ser- 
ai 

vice),  ij  L<^y*  muwoita*  bihi, 
Becommender,  -.jU  tnddth.     See  Com- 

mender. — (to  favour),  ^^y  muwa$A. 
Becompense,  »»j>'\  ajr,  \j>-  jmd,  s\i\L^ 

mukd/dh,  i\)\^  mujdzdt.  See  Be  ward. 
We  did  good  to  them,  and  they  returned  ui 


the  rererae ;  and  such,  bv  my  life,  is  the  con- 
duct of  the  wicked ;  thus  he  who  acteth  kindly 
to  the  uttdeaerying  is  reoompeiued  in  the  same 

manner  as  the  aider  of  Umm  ^amir,UL)U 


Becompense,  v,  (reward),  i)|jls^  ^  J^i^c 
^mal  laho  mujdzdh,  »LilX«  ^  jj.-^^^ 
^mal  laho  mukd/dh ;  (to  make  up  by 
something  equivalent),  Jju  ^LL^I 
a^tdh  badal.  See  Bepay,  Bequite, 
Compensate. 

Becompensed,  t/jL«^  mujd%i^,  15*^"^ 
mukd/a\i\i\L%i\  ^Juc  J-pU-Ad«i7^afa' 
oZ  mukd/dh,  '     [^amal  minjadid. 

Becompose  (form  anew),  «X|«x>-  ^^^  Jaa 

68 


BEC 


(914) 


BEC 


Beoonciki  v.  JU  sdlah,  dLs)Li^  ^Jaa 
^mal  muidUJiah ;  (to  make  anything 
consistent),  ^  ioUah,  c-.^L«  aUc 
^amalaho  mundiib,  JhJ\y*  *i-**  ^ama- 
laho  muwdfik. 

Reconcilable  (capable  of  reconciliation), 

muta^d  m  musdlahat;    (consistent), 

(ji\y  tnuwOftk,  w^li^  mundsih,  JjS 

Idyik. 
Beconcilableness,  isJUa^S^  u^'  imi&n 

al  musdlahat.    See  Consistency. 

Reconciler,  s.  JUa^  mu8dUh,jL*A^  sam- 

sdr.    See  Mediator. 
Eeconciliation,  reconcilement,  ^Ls^La^ 

inusdlahat,  J^  sulh. 
Recondite,  jijty  mughM,  jLl^  mmh- 

kih    See  Obscure,  Occult. 
Reconquer,  v.  ^^^  *V.*^  cT*  ^^^  ^"^ 

iamalldk  minjadid  ^ala\ 
Reconvene,  v.  J^A^-  ^  ^aj>^  jama^ 

minjadid.    See  Reassemble. 
Record,  v.^jJl^  Juj  ^ayyfli?  J»7  <?<i/il«r, 

j^j  mkar,  ^S^  madah.    See  Celebrate. 

By  the  Almighty!  0  youth,  I  will  do  thee 
an  act  of  kindness  for  which  I  shall  be  re- 
membered, and  a  favour  which  historians  shall 
record  and  keep  to  the  end  of  the  time ;   then 

he  sat  and  conversed  with  him,  <Uj\^ 
S^^/S\  %j^  uiU^  ^^  J  J^k 

Record,  «.^  J  dafiar  (pL^liJ  dafdtar\ 

See  Register.  [wkhar. 

Recorded,  *xX«  mukayt/ad,  ^Si^  muta- 

Recover,  v.  (as  anything  lost),  J.a&-  A<m- 

«a/.    To  recover  (a  sick  person),  l-^^J^ 

Uiyyah,    To  recover  health,  c^U?  <a^. 
Then  he  recorered  his  senseB,  and  he  looked  to 


the  right  and  left,  f»at  nw  m  ok  ia  t£ 
desert,  and  he  feared  for  hiiiMif  ea  «ct<e 

of  the  wild  beasts,  4a^A>f  ^,^  J^^  i! 

"  *    ■ 

I  took  courage,  therefore,  vhen  I  bend  vi' 
she  said,  and  mv  family  rnoiQed  tkst  9. 
and  I  reooToed  my  healtn,  and  tite  - 
woman  departed,  but  afae  letoned  will  if 

countenance  changed. 


-S\v.*» 


Recoverable  (possible  to  be  regtis: 

attahoAl ;  (possible  to  be  recoveicdfrc 

sickness),  iLlSl  JjIS  ilbdftt/  aM»&. 
Recovered  (found),  J-osr*  mkAmm/;  > 

a  sick  person),  ^j^\  ^»y  f^  ^P 

min  al  marad.  [tai^ 

Recovery  (from  sickness),  iLl  thafi,*^ 
Recount,  v,  ^^^^  haka\  ^jLC^  J^ 

haka'hildi/atyj^khalhar.  See^ 

— (count  again),  Jj 

Juuab  minjadid. 
Recourse,  ij^]j^  murdja^L     See  V 

turn. — (application  for  help  or  js^i' 

tion),  Iscul  ilt^'d,  jU:.«of  istindi,  i 

Refuge.— -May  God  prolong  tiiy  life,  as-i  r 
thee  eternal  permanence,  and  maye^  i^v- 
cease  to  subdue  those  who  oppose  thet>,  «* 
be  the  refuge  of  those  who  liaTe  r»t?cr^ 
thee,  and  the  adrocate  of  those  who  ptn  *^ 

confidence  in  thee !  * 


Recreate,  v.  »J3  nauah.  See  Pek! 
Gratify,  Revive. — To  recreate  ss* 
^JA;  tafarrqf,  njiJ  Unasssah,  ^j^, 
^mal  tayrdn.  See  Befreeh,  Take  & 


EEC 


(915) 


BED 


sioiL — Aad  tben  he  said,  Ante  wilh  »,  0  my 
node,  and  gt>  forth  wiHi  u  to  the  garden.  80 
they  went  to  the  garden,  and  profweded  to 

diyert  and  recreate  themselvesy  *d  JU5 

lecreation,  dJ:J  tanauuh,  ^\;^  sayr^n^ 
^  laho,  A  pleasant  place  for  recrea- 
tion, ijpj:^  (J^^  mahal  muntMoh.  See 
Eefreshment,  Reasore,  Amasement, 
Diyersion. 

tecreative,  recreating,  ^^/^  mushrth, 

tecrementy .  recremental.      See    Dross, 
Drossy. 
tecriminatei  9,  ^ff  iaham. 

tecrimination,  Ju^  tuhmai. 
Lecrinunator,  Jb\j  idhim. 
tecmit,  V.  ^^j  isA  akha%  rawh,  J^\ 
f^^f^  akhan  nafas.  See  Strengthen, 
Augment,  Bepair.  —  To  recruit  an 
army,  JjJks*- iLux  J  lam  ^askarjadid. 
See  Levy. 

ecmit,  8.  (supply),  jb w>)^  tzdiyad,  if  jb J 
%%y&daL  See  Augmentation,  Addition. 
— A  recruit  for  the  army,  ^L*c  i^ 
StiJiXp^  lammat  ^asdkir  jadldah. 
ectangular,  ^h-I^  ^»^a:um><  musidklm 
€uadwiyah, 
sctifiable,  Ji^1\  J-jli  hahil  al  isldh, 

\  ^^X«^  mumkin  aUashih, 

\s^  tashlh, 
i^^^Juu  ta^dUl,  \aahhaK 

jctify,  V,  J^  sallah,  J»Xc  ^addal,  ^^ 
^ctified,  }^'^^muiaUah,,^^*miMahkah, 
»ctilinear,  ^J%«n^  \2^  •  J  su  khattin 
nustaklm. 
cti  tude  (uprightness),  JLfiialdhfi^\ya 

awdh,  ^IumiI  iitikdmat. 


^ctification,  ^X»a\  iiidA, 


Beotor*    See  Bnler,  QoTemor. 
Becumbeney,  \iJ\  UHkd.    See  Bepose. 

Becumbenty^jf'^^^mtMJda;!^.  See  Lying, 
Beclining. 

Becur, «.  (haTe  recourse  to),  ^r^j  ^'^J^^j 
^\  ^<^^  Maja'  aa\  See  Betum, 
Take  refuge. — To  recur  to  the  mind, 
<db  4j^  khatarfl  hdlihi.  See  Occur. 

Bed,^^^«i>-\  ahnar  (fern.  ^/^»^  hamrd,  pi. 
j^^^'  humr), 

Bedden,  v.  (make  red),y4N>-  hammar; 
(to  grow  Ted)tj^t>^\  ihmar, 

Beddish,  j\as^  JjI«  mStytl  lU  hamdr. 

Bedeem,  v.  ^^Ji  fada*,  ^jAS-  khalku. 
See  Bansom,  Deliyer. — To  redeem  a 
pledge,  fj^J^  CXi  fak  arrakn.  To  re- 
deem oneself,  ^LmaJ  ^si  fada*  nafsaho, 

Bedeemable,  \jJ&\  Jj\j  k&hU  al  fidd, 

Bedeemableness,  Ijilf  ^LLli  kdliliyat  al 

Jidd.  [muftadl.    See  Free. 

Bedeemed,  j^Xslu^  mun/adl,  ^xs^J^ 

Bedeemer,  «.  jm^  munkvt,  ,^j1j  fidl, 
^JaS,s^  mukhalku.  Oar  Bedeemer  (the 
Messiah),  .^v^^^  Uj  jli/d^nd  altnatlh. 

Be-deliver,  v.  ^  J^  ^  Jua  sallam  mtn 
jadld.     See  Bestore,  Pay.         [/sifti. 

Be-demand,  v.  J^  Jc^  ^  ^.^^JlI?  ^aiai  min 

Bedemption,  \i^  fidd,  ^Hb^  khalds. 

Bed-hot,  jUJ\  JS^jAs^\  JuJo^  ^Mfii 
tf^mar  mul  anndr. 

Bedlead,  ^^^Lj  taldkun.    See  Lead. 

Bedness,  il^^.4.»-  ^ttmrtf^,  j\a,^  hamdr. 

Bedouble,  v.  (to  double  twice),  uji^li 
<^dca/.    See  Double. 

Bedoubled,   L^fl-r.La,^  mudd^af.     See 

Doubled. — (often  repeated),  iX*  mu- 
karrar, 
Bedoubt,  t.  i^r^»^  ^m".  See  FortificatioD. 


P-im 


(916) 


EKF 


BedoQbtable,Tedoabted,  u 

c^lf«  muhdh.    See  Fonnidable 
Bedress  (amendment),  ^l^\uldhf 

toihlh.     See  Beformation.  —  (relief, 

remedy),  «p*lc  ^(l^jg  ^U^  mu^lajai. 

Where  is  the  ledrees?    St\A\  <— i*^ 

Bedress,  r.  (amend),  J^  jaUlsA;    (to 
remedy,  relieve),  ^l>>  Jsf  ^malchSra. 
Bedressed,  J*^^  mtuallah. 

Bedresser,  t.  ^^'^^^  mtwofft^. 

Bedacc,  v,  (bring  back),  ^^j  rqffa^; 

(to  subdue),  c^Jlc  j^halah^  k^^  io^o^, 
^  Juthar;  (to  make  lees,  diminish), 

JIS  Jtallal,  ^^  nakkoi.  To  redace  to 
nothing,  aJ^^I  a^iJom.  See  Annihi- 
late.— To  reduce  to  order,  Uai  maam* 
To  reduce  to  poverty,  ^iil  afkar^  Aax. 
jjii  ^maiaho  fakir.  See  Impoverish, 
Make  poor. 
Beduced  (brought  back  to  a  former  state), 
1^1^  U^  ^Tr*  inurqjlfa^  htmd  kdn ; 
(subdued),  c,,>y»^  fnagMnh;  (dimin- 

ished),  Jii^  mukaUal ;  (degraded), 
Jjljff^  ma^nl.     Beduced  to  poverty, 

jkJut  muftakir.    "Know  that  thy  soul 

18  about  to  quit  the  world,  and  to  perish  and 
depart  from  it ;  then  wilt  thou  be  reduced  to 
destruction ;  and  it  is  the  worst  abode  to  which 

thou  art  going,  L3  jJJ  cIXjIj  ^f  ^\ 

Beducible,  JlL«  ^^o  j^^  JjU  k&bil  an 
ffaknn  mukaUal. 

Beduction  (bringing  back),  if  jU^  i^dst, 
^-^y  tarfl^ ;  (subjugation),  tJSS^ 
tamalhtk,    J^   fath ;     (diminution). 


CAaAJ 


takhflf,  ^jfoJc^  imbM^ 


Uugklr\  (degradation 

duction  to  slavery,  jl3^f  uiirlai 

See  Captivity. 
Bednndanoe,  redundancy,  ^«3^  tiffiic 

kyi  ifir&i.     See  Saperfloity,  £x> 

beranoe. 
Bedundant,   Jjtj  sdyd,  ^^^  waJir^S 

hatsfr.     See  £3:uberanty  SoperfiwnL 

Bedundantly,  \jj}j%djfdaHy  \jJi^i§£m- 
Bednplication,  uJIm\  ad^f. 
Beduplicate,  redaplicative,  f^JieX^  m- 

da^f.     See  Double. 
Be-echo,  v.  ^<c\j  4^4^  ^aaui  fdgln. 

Beed,  «.  iLdi  htuahat,     A  writing  leed. 
Ji  kalam. 

Beek.     See  Smoke,  Steam,  Vapour. 

Beel,  «.  (for  yam),  jCt  tayydr,  LiJ 

Beel,  V.  (yam),  ^^  ghasud,  i^lS  l» 

Be-election,  4>£J^  ^  c^lAil  iW^i^ic; 
Be-enjoy,   v.   ^*\5^  ^^  ^<^V  ijU 

tMorraf  hU  ihy  minjadid, 
Be-enter,  v.  iSo  J^  ^  J^^iJ  dakkdm 

jadid.    See  Enter.  [mti«>fU 

Be-examine,   v.   J^  «X>-  ^^  j^^^^s:^  /*»* 
Befer,  v,  (to  have  relation),  ^^  l_    • 

intasab  ila\  To  refer  (for  inibcc 
tion,  decision,  etc.),  ^<i  fidbar,  ^'^ 
jjl  mAot  ila\  To  refer  to  arbi» 
tion,  ^^^^^  i^y  fawtpod  si  emr  w 

Beference,  referendary,  «.  ^^^  irtffc- 
See  Arbiter,  Mediator. — A  repor:  s 
state  affairs  presented  to  the  king  If 
referendaries,  ^^c^sr*  taHJ^s. 

Beference  (relation,  analogy),  LAs.  n 
kat,  JLwJ  nMai,  l^^LmIjI  tnti$dh;  1 
another  for  anjrthing). 


1 


BEF 


(917) 


BEF 


Elefine,  r.  (purify),  ^J^  Mffii^  j^  hof' 

rar.  See  Back  off. — (to  make  ele- 
gant), c-AjJl?  Aa£.  ^ankdaho  sutrff, 
^fljiVil  AaS'  ^mdldho  latlf.  See  Polish. 
— (to  beeome  elegant),  cJj^^jL^  9&r 
jwri/. 
defined  (purified),  ^X^^  muiaffa* ;  (ele- 
gant, nice),  i»-fl£ji^  %arif  (fern.  ^^Jo 

zarifat),  cJJal  latlf  (fern.  iUti  Ml- 
fat)  i  (subtile),  ^j  rafx^ 

tefinement  (from  dross,  etc.),  ^uLaJ 
taafiyah ;  (elegance),  ^\J^  tarafat, 
J[»iy  latafat\  (subtilty),  IsMj  rafa^. 

lefiner, «.  (from  dross,  lees,  etc.),  tJ'-*^^ 
fnmaffi\  (a  subtile  reasoner),  ^^J^ 
muddkMk.  [See  Bepair. 

:«nt,  t7.  i*^^  ramramj  j^j  rammam. 

^fiect,  9.  (throw  back),  Jj  rod,  (^^Jou\ 
in^hoi.  To  reflect  (consider  atten- 
tively), 4^^*17  immtMi^^Aj  tafakkar. 
See  ConsidM',  Meditate. — (to  throw 
reproach),    f^'i    Ulm,      See    Censure, 

Beproach,  Accuse. 

dflected  (thrown  back),  ^j^t^jc^  mun- 

^iis.  Beflected  on  (considered),  ^^>[ii.^ 
muiafakkir,  J^'li^  mutaammtl;  (cen- 
sured), (^y^  nuumUm. 
^flection  (throwing  or  bending  back), 
jM'^^l  m^Htds.  Beflection  of  light, 
f^\  ^j^Sjc  ^oJbb  annnr.  The  reflection 
Tom  a  mirror,  (jmUju!  in^ikds.  Be- 
lection  (meditation),  JJ«'Ij  taammtd, 

Zaj  tafakkur,  jyaS  ioMwumr*  See 
Thoaght. — ^Beflection  (censure),  JulU 
%4ildmat^  #*  J  %amm.     See  Blame. 

Qectire,  reflecting,  reflector,  ^j»Sjc^ 
lun^akts;  (considering),  J^'b;^  mu- 

aammilfljG^  mutafaUirm 


Beflez  (directed  backwards),   {ju^>jl^ 

ma^kiU. 
Beflezibility,  u»Jji\  ^IC«1  lim^na/  ^Ab^ 

(jmUjuSI  ^^  ^hiUyat  al  in^ikda, 
Beflexible,  ^^^ilt  JjU  idhU  al  cak$, 

^Uju^t  ^;db«  mumhin  al  in^ids* 

Beflourish,  r.  •>£  tXsf-  ^j^^;^  mA^  m%n 

jadld.    See  Flourish.  [tZf»'  ward, 

Beflow,  r.  (flow  back),  \j^  ^\  jU  ^ai 

Beflux  (<rf  the  sea),  y^^^jj^r  ytf«r  al 
hahr.  The  flux  and  reflux  of  the  tide, 
flsrlj  Jull  a/ ffuii waljaar, 

Beform,  v.  ^  saUah.     See  Amend, 

Correct,  Improye.  [Uulih. 

Beform,  reformation,  ^t^\  isldh,  ,f^^ 

Beformed,  ^^  nrnaUah. 

Beformer,  9.  ^J"^^  muMUih. 

Befract,  9.  (break  the  natural  course  of 

rays),  jyJI  {j»Sx>  ^akas  annHr. 
Befraction,  (jyu^  ^ah,  ^^1^1  tn^tkdi. 
Befracted,  (jm^jl^  ma^kUi. 

Befractive,  ^jSfi\  Sy  kuwai  al  ^aks. 
Befractoriness,  j\ix,  ^indd,  ifjjU^  mu- 
^nadat,  JjAj  tamarrud.  See  Obstinacy. 

Befractory,  JjAS>^  mtUamarrid,   JjU^ 
mu^dnid.    See  Obstinate. — ^To  be  re- 
fractory, JjJk)  tamarrad. 
Befragable,  ^^;aki\^jLt^  muml%n  annatd, 
Befrain,  i^.  ^^  m  v  •;  ^\   mtana^  ^an, 

y^  k-^-cjis*-!  ijtanab  min,  ^j^jji>>'\ 

ihtaroi  min,  [sha^^, 

Befrangibility,  cUmJIjLuJu!  tnktadratk 

Befran^ble,  uJV^)!  JjU  kdha  al  in- 
htrdf.    See  Befraction,  etc. 

Befresh,  r.  (after  pain  or  labour),  ^]/^t 
utardh.  See  Becreate. — (to  refriger- 
ate), J  J  larrad.  See  Cool. — (to  re- 
pair),  M^j  rammam.    See  Betouch. 


SEF 


(918) 


EEO 


fiefreshedy  i^Jr***^  miM^tfrU.    See  Be« 
created. — (oooled)i  J^  mii&4mMX» 

Eefreshment,  ^L>>1;  rdA«;  (food),  aUL 

to^Am.     See  Recreation,  Food,  Best 
Befreehing,  refrigerent  (coding),  J^ 

Itefingerate,  9.  Jy  hmrad.     See  €W. 

Refhge  (or  place  of  reftige),  Lir*  m«^, 
JL«  ifuii^.    The  refbge  of  the  woild, 

J\ji\  \J^  mt^'d  al  ^lam.  Therefoge 

of  the  poor,  SyJiS  jL*  maldsL  alfidoard, 
[Eastern  titles.]  To  take  refuge, 
^\  ^jfS\  au^  M.  To  giro  refuge, 

U^  ^\  4^U'  mdja.  See  Shelter. 
Befugee,  t.  ,-s£lL«  nudUtfh  [door. 
Befulgence,  UJ  dfird,  ^  iaw»  See  Splen- 
Befolgentyjji^  munawwir.    See  Bright, 

Glittering,  Splendid. 

Beftind,  v,  ^rj  ^W^f  ^3  ^(^fi»    Soe 

Bepay,  Bestore. 
Befosal,  Jij\  inkdr,   ^\:^^\   mtind^. 

See  Bejection,  Denial,  Bepnlse. 
Befose,  v.  _j1  aha\    ^>s^\  mtana^. 

See  Deny,  Begect,  Bepulse. — To  re- 

ftise  to  accept,  J^  ^  w:j^1  mUh 

na^  ^  kabul, 
Befuse,   «.    (worst   part   of   anything, 

leavings),  ll^aifadkU,  i^\ij  nafHwat, 

See  Dregs,  Sediment. 
Befosed,  J^^^AcyAoyrmo^il/,  <^^ 

mard^d.     See  Bepnlsed. 
Befuser,  «.  Ji^^y^'*  h&Ul, 
Befatation,  JILjI  %bM,  ^^  nahd. 
Befute,  V,  ^u]lc«5;  rad^tdayhi,  a!jS  jlajl 

^^  . 

Befated,  ^joyU^  SMnJhli. 


Begain,  «.  ^,;^MM^  jU  ^di  haA.   See 

Get,  Obtain,  Gain. 
Begal,  ^^  muluH.  [lunmest 

Begalement  See  Befteshment,  Ents^ 
Begality.  See  Boyalty,  Soveragatj. 
B^ard,  e.  (valne,  e8teem),^^«sx^  t^tir; 
(to  obserye,  attend  to,  remark],  j& 
iMsor,  la>J  fo/bi.  See  LooL-^u 
have  a  relatioin  to),  ^\  i^  mm\)\  inkd 
%U\     To  r^;ard  one's  promiie,  l"; 

Begard  (respect,  reverence,  afBeetkn 
1^/5  ^a;(ri«>,  j\^\  i^Odr,  |»|/> 
a^tirdm ;  (attaiti<m),  £k>X#  smiib^ 
so/ ;  (reference,  relation),  imJi^  » 
ndM^o^ ;  (look),  Joj  fuesar,  joi  hm 

Begardable,  Ila:i-)Uf  ^•-r-^S  ^J^  ^ 
mMhaut.     See  Observable. 

Begarded  (esteoned),  ^^^jjk^  wmiii9 
See  Observed,  Noticed,  Bemaiiei 

Begardfdl,  l3»4^  mtd&hi^  See  k3S8r 
tive,  BespeotfoL 

BegardfWly,  jlix^  Jio  »«jM  uAj 
See  Attentively,  Bespectftdly. 

Begardless,  Jili  ghSLfi,  See  Osr^ 
Inattentive. 

Begeney  (government,  authority),  X«y> 
hukamat^  J^  Mbn.  See  GofC- 
ment,  Aathority.—Ooveamment  if  ^ 
vioeroy,  ilAJtiilJ  m^dhatidw^ 

Begenerate,  «.  dA^jaddad.  SeeBep 
duee.-Begenento,  jlc«  «»^«1U| 

Begent  (governing),  ujfl^H  u^l'  "^l 
a/  nudik.    See  Yioeroy,  lientemot- 

Begieide,  «.  CXUf  JJlS  ildM  «/  mA 
Begidde,  il5l4]l  J:i  ib^J  «/ MftL  I 
Begimen  (medical  preseriptioa  fQr<Si| 

Ui^l  Mimd. 
Begiment,  ^.^Cimx  4^)1  «2dy  ^«ilsr. 


BBH 


(919) 


BXJ 


legion,  aJjI  aldlm,  jL  halad,  jlb  hOdd^ 

See  Country,  Land,  District,  Tract. 

Register,  s.jiit}  daftar  (pl.y  \i  J  dafdtir), 

ToregiBter,yk5J»Sb  dlihayyadhil  daftar. 
See  Becord.  [jaM. 

l^prant,  v,  S^diP^  ^  ,^l^  manah  min 

legret,  cJ««i'lJ  taastaf,  iji^^  hawat, 

a£  yAam.  See  Sorrow,  Grief,  Vexation, 

Lamentation,  Repentance. — ^No,  answered  he, 
hj  him  who  cast  thee  into  this  pit ;  bat  I  wept 
for  the  length  of  thy  past  life,  and  in  my  re- 
gret at  thy  not  having  &llen  into  this  pit 
before  the  present  day.  Hadst  thoa  fiillen 
into  it  before  I  met  wiA  thee,  I  had  ex- 
perienced rest  and  ease.  But  then  hast  been 
spared  to  the  expiration  of  thy  decreed  term 


and  fixed  period!  C^  ii  ^di\^  H  Jl&i 

egret,  v,  ^Ic  uJ^'lj  iaauaf  ^ala\ 
egretied,^Mk^J^*\s^mutaa8iaf^ahffhu 
egalar,  arAcUSl  (J^^y^  muwOfit  al  kd^i- 

egalaritj,  f^^iaaj\  intiatdm,  Lm^Ji  twT' 

ilh.     Withoat  r^^olarity,  ^ 

hUd  tarHh.  [muw&fik  al  h&n^n, 

sgnlarly,  ^^yldl  JJ^^y^U^,  hinaw^n 
3gulate,  V,  J^  nanam,  im^j  rattab. 
See  Adjust,  Arrange,  Order,  Direct. 
)gtilated,  ^^^j^  muratidbf  (^jo:^  man- 
mm.  [ment.  Method. 

^^lation,  \.^^^JHartlh.  SeeArrange- 

^gulator,  im^f  mwraitib,  fie)\j  ndwim, 
(hearsal,  jijj  iakrfr,  if jlcl  icddai. 
^ee  Repetition,  Becital. 


->-i^ 


Behearse,  v,  J^  larraTf  jU  ^d£    See 

Bepeat,  Eelate. 

BehearsedyjJCs  mukarrar. 

Eeject,  1^.  J  J  radd,  ^  na/a\  See  Re- 
fuse.— ^For  all  the  Kings  of  the  Sea  haye  de- 
demanded  her  (k  him,  and  he  refused,  and 
approved  not  one  of  them,  bnt  rejected  them 
aU,  and  said  to  them,  Ton  are  noi  equal  to  her 

in  beauty,  nor  in  loveliness  IjjL^a  ^VJ 

Bejeoted,  J^JL^j^  ghayr  WMikb^ki^yOj^ 
Rejeetion,  Oj  rod,  [moftdl, 

Beign,  9.  (exercise  sovereign  authority), 

S^  hakam,  CSLu  tamaUak. 
Beign  (sovereignty),  <>.vVil.o  taltanat, 

ffis^-  hulm,  [Bepay. 

Beimburse,  v,  ^  ^  J  dafa^  Idho,  See  Pay, 
Beimbursement.  See  Bepayment,  Bepa- 

ration.    •  [mnjaHd. 

Be-impregnate,  p.  Jj Ji>-  ^^  J*»^  habhdl 
Bein  (of  a  bridle),  fi\J  Ujdm  (pi.  ^ 

lufm).    See  Bridle,  Halter. 
Bein,  v,  Jt£e  lafdm.    See  Bridle. 
Beinforoe,  v.  (give  additional  strength), 

iyi\  j\j  ndd  al  kawal.    To  reinforce 

an  army,^;LMal\  j|j  wdd  al  ^oiakir. 
Beinforcement,  «.  i^\  ic\ij  tifddal  al 

Hwat,  J>j^\  j\>Jj\  %%d%ydd  al  ^oihar. 
Bejoice,  v.  (be  glad),  -^i  fartkf  j^\ 

insar,  LmaJ^  inhatat,  ]aa^  inha%.   See 

Exult.— (to  make  glad),  ^y  /«^^- 

See  Exhilarate,  Gladden.— To  rejoice 

ft        *  A 

at  another's  misfortune,  Jk>>i  (J  ^ji^^^a^ 

9hem$t  ft  ahhad.  So  when  the  King  heard 
these  words  from  her  he  rejoiced,  and  his 
heart  became  tranquilUsed,  and  he  thanked 
her  for  them ;  his  love  for  her  increased,  and 

penetrated  to  his  heart's  core,  ^c^  Uii 


•RltT. 


(920) 


BEL 


Bejoiced,^tyAMMt  miMrtlr.    See  Olad. 
Bejoicer  (in  other  peoples    distresB), 
LZ.^\J^  ihdmet  (pi.  ^^l&  «Admt;^tl», 

and  obL  ^jiP^\J^  ihamiUn).     Bat  say 

to  the  Tejoicen  in  our  dutreas,  Wait  yet  a 
little,  before  yon  haTe  miBfortime6|  and  very 

great  ones  too,  Li  ^;>t?-^^  ^^^  J^ 

Bejoicing,  t.  WLmJ^  tnhisdt,  ^Lsif^  hah^'at. 

She  distributed  the  usual  presents  and  sugar, 
and  incense  was  burnt,  and  scented  cosmetics 
were  proftuely  made  use  of;  it  was  a  day 
of  great  public  r^oicing,  and  all  the  lords 
of  the  empire,  the  generals  of  the  army, 
Idlers  thenuelves  were  delighted! 


and  the  so. 


Bejoin,  v,  (to  meet  again),  J^  J^  ^^  v^l 
laJta'  minjaild;  (to  reply),  c->^yr  ^j 
raddjawah.     See  Answer. 

Beiterate,  v.  J^  Jsarrar.    See  Bepeat 

Beiteration,^\^  tikrdr. 

Be-jadge,  r.  *>iJ^  ^^  f^  hakam  min 
jadid.    See  Be-examine,  Beview. 

Be-kindle,  v.  t>£<^>-  ^  J*^  sha^  mm 

jadld. 
Belate,  v.  (recite),  ^Jl^  ^*a*.  See  Tell. 

And  I  related  to  her  my  story  from  beginning 
to  end.  She  was  grieved  at  my  case,  and 
wept,  and  said,  I  aim  will  acquaint  thee  with 

my  story,  ^  ^  ^/^^  V  ^^^3 

^U  IW*  s.^  ^Hl  ^\  J^il 

Belated  (told),,Xa:^«MiAib';  (connected 
bv blood),  L,  ^*Mi}  fuuHh,  See  Belatiye. 


Bdation  (narrative),  iZi  hmk,  ^i^ 
mayohyj^  hkdhmr  (pLjl^\  Mdf) 
Aoooiding  to  the  forgoing  relays. 

al  nuak&r.  Belation  (reierenoe,  n- 
gard,  respect),  Aile  ^uldkak,  c.:^ 
%nt%96h.  Belation,  relationBhip  [tii- 
dred),  LUi  kardbai,  i,,.H.'f  immI.  ^ 
relation,  rektive  (kinsman),  u^;^ 

ibrift;  (kinswoman),  i-J^  ^*^ 
Belation  of  two  women  marryiof  tr. 
brothers,  isL»  tOfat  (pi.  «^*UL  dfii 

Belative,  UytjM.;^  iii4m«ic6,  u^^-i- 
munioiob.  A  relative  pnmoon,  jn^ 
M^f^  inn  mtf^Aam.  [st^ 

Belatively,    i-J    nMo^ms,  i-Jli  i"-* 

Belativeness,  iL.>U^  minwlttiia^.  SeeEr 
lation. 

Belator,  ^/^  ^^-    See  Narrator. 

Belaz,  V.  (slacken,  make  less  tense).  J-' 
atlak,  ^j:>^j  rdkha\    See  Loose,  0^^ 

Belaxation  (slackness,  looseness),  ^ 
itldh;  (cessation  from  labour),  ^ 
r&hat.  See  Best,  Becess. — ^Beksai^ 
of  mind,  JUt l^\j  rdhai  olidL  ^ 
Becreation. — Belaxation  of  care  » <• 
tention,  JLL&Sl  ^^\  inHtd^ilff^ 
ghdl,  JUaI  ihmdl.    See  Inddesff 

Belaxed  (loosened),  ^^f^y  »m^ 
Belaxed  in  constitution,  t^^p'**^  "^ 
tarkkl,  y  li  fdtir.  See  Languid--^ 
laxed  in  moral  cr  religions  priodp^ 
v.^ j^\  ^J<^  wd9i^  al  wMthah. 

Belay  (of  horses),  d^^\  J-^  ^'• 

poita.  [See  T^ 

Belease,r.(from  oonfin6ment),^jit1  ^ 

Belease  (from  confinement),  ,j4^  ^ 


EEL 


(921) 


BEL 


A  release  from  debt,  \ji\  tbrd.  See 
Discharge,  Beoeipt. 
Blent,  V,  (grow  tender  or  compassionate), 
>a-j  raham,  ^Jlc  J^i-J*  ihafak  ^M. 
3lentles8,  XaaJ^  ^U  mdlaho  shafakdi, 
(Uk>y«  2rJc^L«  md^indaho  marhamat. 
See  Merciless. 

;liance.  If  jlcxl  i^timdd  ^aXo', JlCl 
^J^ittdk&l^M,  SeeTrast,Confidenoe. 
lief  (assistance),  JJb«  madad^  <0^U^ 
nu^wanat.  See  Help,  Saocoor,  Be- 
ease.  —  (comfort),  <— ^  fo^^t  4jLyJ 
L^lsrl  toiliyat  d  hh&tir.  See  Consola- 

ion. — (remedy),  —Ic  ^lite;.    Consider 

tie  doiogfl  of  ihy  Lord,  how  the  wishes  of  thy 
eart  come  firom  him  with  speedy  relief !  and 
espair  not  when  then  sufferest  affliction^  for 
Gw  many  wondtons  mercies  attend  affliction  P 

\^  Uj  *  (JIj  J*-ij^  ^^^.J  t^  ^^ 

•  ••  • 

ieve,  V.  (assist),  ^^Ic  ^di^an,  JifiUs 
i^o^.     See  Help,  Support,  Saoconr, 

elease.  —  (to  comfort),  ^J-*  talla\ 

iioii  hast  relieyed  me  from  the  hranch,  hut 
Mt  not  reUered  me  from  the  root!  0  my 
loTed*  she   said,  and  what  is  the  root? 


cvable(asdstable),  *iAMiSjfftU<ua^ 
u:  V--l^  JjIS  idM  al  muBd^adat ;  (con- 
La1>le),  1^mA\  JjU  idM/  a/  tatlkfot. 
3ved  (assisted),  iXfiLu«  musd^ad; 
fmfoTted),  ^l^iC^  muioiolli. 
^v-ez*,  <.  (assistant),  JorL^  miMd^tli?; 
eotz^orter),  ,Jum*^  9NM02ZI. 
;lxtr  V.  (light  anew),  »>i*X5j-  ^J^  JxJ^ 


Beligion,  ^J  din,  ^l^\  imdn.  The 
Christian  reHgion,,<£CUy^\^;j«>!\  addin 

al  fMuUhl.  The  Midiommedan  religion, 
AJi\  ^ J  iftn  alisldm.    The  religion 

of  the  Magi,  u^ys^S  ^ji*^  din  al  majiU, 
Observance  of  religion,  ^OUj  daydnat. 
Observant  of  religion,  ^^J  t-i^^^ttf 
adhib  din.  See  Beligious.— Of  no  re- 
ligion, ^  J  4]L«  mdlaho  din, 

Beligions,  ^^l^jt  a<fyd». 

Beligioos,  adf.  ^c^*i  dlnl.  See  Pious. 
—A  religious  man,  ^^^y  c-^-*>-Ltf  idhib 
din,  ^U  «d/tA. 

Beligiously,  i^ySJ  JXj  Mbl  toibra'. 
See  Piously,  Beverently.  —  (exactly, 
strictly),  Uo  J^  Mu>l  dtkkaL 

Beligiousness,  £Uj  daydnat.  See  Be- 
ligion, Piety. 

Belinquish,  v.  <Ii^  ^«ife,  jjs^  htyar. 
See  Leave,  Desert,  Quit,  Abandon, 
Forbear,  Belease. 

Belinquishment,  Kliji  tark.       [mal^'ilr. 

Belinquished,  cl^ j-^l^  matruk,  jy^ 

Belish  (agreeable  taste  or  flavour),  j^J 
%awk,  irjl  UtsuU ;  (a  slight  tasting  of 
victuals,  eto.)»  *^  te^ukrf.  See  Sip, 
Taste;  aUo  Liking,  Delight,  Cast, 
Manner. — Having  a  fine  relish,  djii 
lazU,  Having  no  relish,  y^  ^U  md- 
laho manih. 

Belish,  V.  (give  a  pleasing  taste  to  any- 
thing), jJ  ku. 

Belished  (liked),  J^  makhia;  (agree- 
able  to  the  palate),  JjjJ  2mls. 

Beluctance,  £a!U:^  mukhdlafai,  ijjU« 
im«^S»a^^,2i|^^l  ut%krdh,j\p^\ASc 
^adam  tkktiydr.  See  Aversion,  Un- 
willingness.—To  show  a  reluctance, 
9ji2^\  iitakrah. 


BEM 


(922) 


Beluotanti  ^Uxj  ^U  mAkho  rughhat, 
Jd\^  ii\^  m^laho  ihdtir.  SeeArene, 
Unwilling. 

Bely,  9.  (put  tmsi  in),  ^^Jx>  ,Xass\  i^ 

^Ic  JoXi^  utanad  ^ala\  See  Confide, 

Trust. — ^There  is  none  in  thy  time  irhoM 
friendship  thou  shouldst  coTet,  nor  any  in- 
timate wno,  when  fortune  is  treacherous,  will 
be  faithfiil.  lire  then  apart^^  and  rely  upon 
no  man ;  I  have  given  thee,  in  these  words, 

good  advice  and  sufficient,  u.^t«j  ^U 


•J^> 


'-•^ 


\ 


Eemain,  v.  (continue,  tarry),  ys.«i\  iita- 
kar,  ^;d  MoJum ;  (to  be  left  as  a  re- 
mainder), ^^  hei^ ;  (to  endure,  last), 
a\  J  dam.  See  Continue. — To  remain 
behind  (especially  from  fatigue),^'lJ 
taa]^ar.    To  remain  firm,  ViS^^U  ^Jj 

heJI^  sdhit.    To  remain  alone,  Xt\»-^  fj 

tarn  wahdaho.    And  she  remained  io  my  com- 
pany fiye  years,  nntil  it  happened  that  one 


day  she  went  to  the  bath,  ^  iJL 

Remainder,  remains,  _3b  hdkl  (pi.  \M) 
hak&ya),  ILii  fadlat  (pi.  (jJLsl5  fad- 
l&t).    See  Best,  Eesidue. 

Bemaining,  ^\j  hdkl, 

Eemake,  JJJc»-  ^  J^  ^nudminjadid. 

Remand,  v,  (send  back),  ^s^-j  rqifa^. 

Remark,  JLlir^lU  muldhasuU.  See  Ob- 
servation.— A  remark  or  annotation, 
ji*^  taf^r,  ^jJ^  iharh. 

Remark,  v.  (notioe),  JUk^-lU  Ja£>  ^amal 
wuldhoMt,  la>.]|  Wm. 

Remarkable,  ila£wlUli  ^oj^ij  wdjtb  id 


mvldhasai,    ^^-^j^  fkm^h, 

^af1h,jC\j  n&dir.jy^  aittttif.  Sft 

Raze,  ITnoommon. 
Remarkably,  j^fik^^gyy  B*wipc»«i» 

Aor;  (exceedingly),  iUj  ^Mj^ 
Remarked,  1?^^  «ui2Afis.  SeeOte^^ 
Remarker,  ».  Ja&-JU  jwuiite, jfet  «r 

See  Observer. 
Remediable,  ,AA\  JjIS  ifiW  a/  jj^ 
Remediless,  hj\s>^  ^  t«  indMo  e^  ^* 

JU  mdlaho  ^U&j.    See  Hdplea. 

remediable. 
Remedilessness,  — U\|»  Ac  ^admdf 

Remedy,  JLc  ^Udj,  \jJ  iwM,  if' 

mu^dlajai.    See  Cure,  MedieisCf  i2 

dote.  Reparation. 
Remedy,  t;.  J  U  ^dJaj^  v/j^**  '^ 
Remember,  r.  (bear  in  mind),^^^"' 

takkar.     See  Commit  to  memoj 
Remembered,  J^Jc^  mmUmakkm'. 
Remembrance,  ^  J  aitr.     See  ¥tf 

Memorial. 
Remembrancer,  s.^X*  mftsoiiir. 

Remind,  v.JSjfalkar,^J  takkr 

Remiss,   Jili  ghdJU,  j^\i  kdtir.  ^ 

Careless. 
Remissness,  <Liig  ghe^ai^  jy^  ^ 

JUjb\  OmdiL     See  Careleas&eft 

Remission,  ^  ^^,  ^^am  sm^^ 
^y^  ffhufrdn.   See  Pardon.—  a* 

ment),  ujLa^  <ii£A/V';   ( 

u^y  iauHtkhtf. 
Remit,  f?.  (pardon),^^  $haf9r\  ' 

mit  money,    etc.),    ^|/>  J^'  ^ 

(2l0rdAtiit.     See  Send. 
Remittance  t.  (of  money,  etc.),  / 


it  Mi 


(9S3) 


EEN 


tmnanti  t.   ^U    hdlti,  Lif   hdeiyat. 

i(ee  Bemainder. 
nmant,  adj.  ^U  hSld. 

monstrance,  9.  iXuJ  tatihakki, 

monstrate,  v.  ^^  ^X^  (ashakia*  mm. 

morse,  j^4i,0a\\j-as^  naJcla  addamir, 

,jL*\j  taassaf,  Liii\  jji  kdakauim' 

%at.    See  Horror,  Anguish,  Eepent- 

nce,  Pity. 

morseless,  JUfjJlb  hSd  naddmai,  li 

A>-^  hUd  rahmat.      See  Merciless, 

!niel. 

note,    Xju   ba^d*     See  Distant. — 

Core  remote,  Sx)\  db^.  Most  re- 
lote,  ^y^  U  iM)^  dUb^ad  m&  yaknn. 
notely,  Ijuju  ba^dan,  Juju  ^  mt» 

Botenees,  J^  bu^.  See  Distance, 
novable,  ^)a:j  ffunkdl.  See  Movable, 
noval,  remoTe  (changing  one's  abode), 
JLLsJI  Mikal ;  (departing  from  a 
lace),  j)/>i\  ifiirdk,jL»  da/ar.-  See 
departure. — ^Eemoyal  from  office,  J^ 

QOTe,  V.  (go  from  one  place  to  another), 
\£sJ\  tnUkal;  (depart  from  a  place), 
L»  Mdfar.  See  Depart— (to  move 
ijthing  from  its  place  or  to  a  dis- 

inoe),  Jij  nakdl.     See  Move. — ^And 

found  the  root  of  a  large  tree,  around  which 

dug ;  and  as  I  was  remoTing  the  earth  firom 

(the  root),  the  axe  ttmok  a  ring  of  braas, 

toved,  J£u^  mwidakXi.      Bemoved 
>m  office,  JjjJA^  ma^^. 
lOver,  «.  (of  anything),  JSU  fidWZ; 
remover  of  himself),  Ji&:N^  mimtoM. 


Eemount,  r.  (on  horseback),  y^  c-^ 

JJtXf»-  raib'5  minjadld. 
Remnnerate,  f .  4jrjl5j-ya«I.  SeeBeward. 
Bencounter  (dash,  collision),  i^jl-o/t 

mu%adamat\  (an  accidental  meeting), 

^U^  mukabalaty  i^^y  muwajdhaU 

See  Encounter. 
Rencounter,  r.   (clash),  ^j^jl-^   toid- 

damn ;  (to  meet  unexpectedly),  ^^  jLaJ 

toiadaju.     See  Encounter,  Skirmish. 
Bend,  t^.  j',fi^  iUaiai,  Jh^  <^.     See 

Tear,  Lacerate. 
Bender, ».  jji^  mnWaaw*.  SeeTearer. 

Bender,  v.  Cij  radt  ^rj  fW^t* 
Betum,  Bestore,  Bepay.— (to  trans- 
late), fsrj  iarfam.  See  Interpret— 
(to  yield,  give  up),  Juj  tallam*  See 
Surrender. — (to  make),  J*  ^amal 
To  render  necessary,  (•jJ  <df  ^amalaho 
Jdumy  (^^  ^amalaho  muhim^  ^ 
^J3j^  t?****^^  iJiirflrl;   (to  give). 

Rendezvous,  $.  ^*«^^  f^^^  J*^ 
mdhMijtma^dljam^at,  fc>^v*^  t^^ 
mawda^ma^nd.  See  Assembly,  Meet- 
ing. The  rendezvous  of  an  army, 
J^\  ^Uip-l  Js^  mahd  ^tim&i  al 
^akir.     The  place  of   rendezvous, 


Bendezvous,  v.  iju%  ^JaLi  ^  **^  oij 
Jjt*  Jii  ^  robot  ma^  an  ydtidkl 
ma^  ft  falan  moM.  [Deserter. 

Benegade,  JJ^  mi¥riad.    See  Apostate, 
Benew,  r.  (renovate),  J J^  jaddad.   To 
renew  friendship,  ^^'^1  J^Asjr  Jj  ^o- 
mo/  %V{li  oJ  mnAo^^a/.      To  renew 
(repeat),  jU  ^di?. 


SEP 


(924) 


B£P 


Renewable,  ^Ju^  jfatajaddad,  JjU 
Jj  Ju^^  JtdhH  attqfM. 

Benewal,  J^J^  tafdid.  See  Bepara- 
tion,  Bepetition. 

Benewedi  JJl^^  mujaddad. 

Bexmet  (for  curdling  milk),^.^^  nuur. 

Benovatei  renovation,  v.  See  Eenew,  etc. 

Eenonnce,  v.  JSJ  nahar,  ijoij  rafad, 
dy  tarak.  See  Diwwn.  To  re- 
nounce all  right  to  anything,  ^joij 
ijjA^  rafad  hukuJutho. 

Benounced,  j^J^  mankur,  CJjJ^  ma- 
trUk,  ijoyij^  marfad,         [See  Glory. 

Benown,    uu^^    sU,  j\fJ^\    ishtthdr. 

Benowned,  ji^fu^  mashhur,  m^\  l.;^%>^L0 
mJoc-  idhib  urn  ^oslm.     See  Glorious, 

lUustriouB. 

Bent,  t.  (fissure,  break),  ^JJL  MH.  See 
Oap,  Chasm,  Laceration.  —  (income, 
revenue),  J^Jc^  madkhul,  (Jyos^ 
tnahsiil.  Annual  rent,  i/^  J^<X« 
fnadkkaJ  sanaufl.  Bent  paid  for  any- 
thing held  of  another,  1^  kird,  j\>-\ 
qfdr. 

Bent,  V,  (let  to  a  tenant),y>-!  afar ;  (to 
hold  by  paying  rent),^lai-j\  tstdjar. 

Bentable,  L^fJ^  yunkart.  lamldk. 

Bental,  rent-roll,  cJL*i\jJi}  dafiar  al 

Benter,  s,  cJLt\  c^rwLp  tdhib  amldk. 

Bent-free,    m^j  ^ulcU  (,1^L«  mulk  md 

^alayhi  ra»m, 
Benunciation,  ^joij  rafd,  j\ij\   inkdr; 

(of  the  world),  U  jJt  d^  tark  ad- 

dunyd.  [j'adld, 

Bepaid,   (3j  J^  ^  ^'^^  indafa^  min 

Bepair,  v.n.  (to  go),  ^^yi  taiwajjak^ 

ii-^J  soAod,  ^j  rdh,  ^yA^  mada\ 

Go,  then,  to  thy  house,  but  be  not  long  abeent 
from  me ;  and  the  old  woman  went  forth  from 
her,  and  repaired  to  Taj-el-Muluk,  and  aaid 


to  him,  Make  ready,  and  dofla  *5^^ 
xichest  of  tiiy  apparel  and  bttike  Wf » 

the  garden,4.^tJ  1^  CJ^^Jj^ 

she  repaired  to  a  rery  lofty  tree,  isd iss 
cealed  herself  upon  it,  iZJ^^* 

Bepair,  v.  ^y  J*  lomal  tamiM.  •/ 
ramram.     See  Kend,  Ameni 

Bepair,  reparation  (supplying  6«  3 
mending),  ^JS  iarm^m^j^  ^f 

Bepaired,  f^yy  miirfl»inH»- 

Bepairer,  «.  (of  houses,  etc),  */j 
muramrim. 

Beparable,   .^Lasl^  Jj\j  *dW  «ft 

^»j;^«iH  ^^fj^^  mwBMn  attarwB. 
Beparation    (amends),     ij^^  ^ 

^j^*aj  tadmln,  ^lilCe  mikapx 
joid.   See  Betribution,  GompeDsc 

ofoa  Bepair. 
Bepartee,  «.  ^.iU- 1-^^^  >«*«*  ** 

L"'^^  c^l  •>-  jawab  laitf> 
Bepass,  r.  *>iJtfr  ^^  iJuMfitmj^ 

^^lc  ^>y  r^>^  ^addi^. 
Bepast,  9,  a\^  ta^dm. 
Bepay,   v.   Jj*Xp-  ^^  ^ J  rf«f«t 

jadld.   See  Pay,  Beoompense,  B** 
Bepayment,  tiU  j-i4>  ifc/"^  ^«^ 

Payment. 
Bepeal,  v,  jLi  ^<^. 
Bepeal,  *.  JUaj^  fJW/. 
Bepealed,  ^y*^^  hmmuJU. 
Bepeat,    v.   (speak   again),   ^l 

r^'e^  iakattam;   (do  again  or  ^ 

times),  J^  4>le  ^dd  ^mm(  J<«*t 


EEP 


(925) 


EEP 


)eated  (done  or  said  often),  ^JCt  mu- 


imr. 


leatedlj,  j\j^\  ilAfi^  junUat  amrdr. 
90  Often.  [pulse. 

»ely  V,  3j  radd,  ^  J  dafa^.  See  Be- 
velled, 9  y  *>^  madfu^.  See  Bepulsed. 

eller,  ^t  J  ddfi^.    Now  whenever 

eat  personages  of  eminence  and  men  of  for- 

ae  asked  to  many  me,  my  father  waa  wont 

silence  and  repel  them,   and  to  decline 

eir  advanoes  and  their  presents,  ^l^j 
j\jj\j  ^\  ;Uj  ^jJari.  \3\  ^\ 

iLtfj  MfXf^j  uJUj  >»f^^  /»f'VMi  <Xsr  1 
3nt,  f7.  aJcJ  tanaddam,  /^Si  futdem, 
j'\j   tdi,  L*\sj  4^^  ^amal  naddmat, 

mtance,  ijy  tawhat,  ^1  jJ  naddmat. 
3  Penitenoe. — Begret  and  repentance, 
]jj^  ijMt»^  hasrat  wa  naddmat, 
ntant,   ajO   nddim,   c^lj^  tdytb, 
pentant  with  all  his  heart,  i.--^^ 

i  (Jj^  ^J-^   tdyih  min   hoi  Jcalhihi. 

Penitent. — Hasten  to  sincete  repentance 
1  earnest  compunction;  for  death,  to  be 
),  will  nerer  offer  her  hand  to  assist  thee, 

rcussion,  i^^iju\  in^ikds.  See  Ee- 
nd.  [ifjUl  t^d(ia^. 

ution,   ^yli    tihrdr,    j^  takrir, 

le,   f .  j^\  tnhahar,  J6\  ingham, 

^\  inhauir,  ^j\kgharmin,  Ju^ 
id,  mAaju  takamkam. 

er,  s.     See  liurmurer. 

i°gr>  '•  jf^  ^*^»  r^»^  ^^^>  (^ 

rt.      See  Qrief,  Eegret,  Vexation. 
ing,     adj.  jy^  tnakhUr,  jy^ojs^ 
sHr,  (^y^*^  maghmUm. 

Substitate. 


Eeplaced,  ^-j^  murqUfa^,  fjoyL^  mu- 
^aufwad. 

Eeplant,  v.  t^^^  jle  ^ddfuuab,  L^.^%.a3 
JjtX>-  ^  fuuab  minjadld. 

Eeplenish,  v.  ^X«  nutlit^,  ^^^  ^ha\ 
See  Pill,  Stock. 

Eeplenished,  replete,  i^^^s^^^*^  nmmtali, 

Eepletion,  h^\  imtUd,  !Ua^  takhmat. 
See  Indigestion. 

Eeplied,  c^l^  mujdwah. 

Eeplier,  «.  c^jl^  mufdwtb,    [Answer. 

Eeply,  replication,  f^\^  jawdh.     See 

Eeply,  r.  ^^j^r  \,J^  *l^'  jawdh,  Oj 
c-^^^  radjawdh.  [jadid. 

Eepolish,  v.  ^^^j^tj^  ^^  ^^ 

Eeport,  9.  (rumour  of  news),^^  ic\JL\ 
ishd^at  khahar.  See  Eumour. — (pub- 
lic character),  cji^wmo  «{^.  See  Eepu- 
tation. — A  report  (or  account  returned 
by  those  to  whom  anything  is  referred), 
JW!  ijya  iHrat  al  hdl,  fjo^^  tat- 
khU.  To  make  a  report  (especially  of 
state  affairs  to  the  king),  etc.,  fjf 
\}\^\  ijyc  ^amal  iurat  al  hdl. 

Eeport,  v.j^^^Jiiz\  a^U^  khahar.  See 
Tell,  Eelate,  Eumour. 

Eeported,  jju%  mukarrar.    See  Eelatcd. 

Eeporter,  s.j^Jt*  mukhabhir.  See  Ee- 
later,  Eeciter. 

Eepose,  v.  (rest),  ^/^\  istardh ;  (sleep), 
^\j  ndm.  To  repose  confidence,  *Xas^\ 
^J^  i^tamad  ^ala\  Ic  J^y  tawak- 
kal  ^ala\  See  Confide. — (to  intrust), 
^t«i  k>-  hatt  amdnat,  IfoJj  fJ^wadac 
wadl^at.     See  Trust. 

Eepose  (rest),  i*-!^  rdhat ;  (sleep),  Ayj 
nawm.     See  Sleep,  Eest,  Quiet. 

Eeposed  (at  rest),  ^j^m^  mmtarih; 
(asleep),  ^Aj  ndyim. 


B£P 


(926) 


BXP 


mmtahtkallatem. 
Jii    kikol 


Bepoaity  v.  £Ut  ^i^  wada^  amanaif 
cJj  wada^.  See  Store,  Lay  in,  De- 
posit liJ'^y*  mawda^, 

Beposited,  X;U1  ^}*>y  mawdn^  amdnat, 

Repository,  «.  f^j^s^  nutkhaan,  iiijs>^ 
khMlfuU. 

Beprehend,  r.  ^J^  l^ac  ^idb  ^ala*,  a) 

'  Idm,  ^j  wahbtJshn     See  Blame,  Be- 
proacb,  Beprove,  Cenaare,  Chide. 
Beprehended,    (^y^    flMmiiflm,    ^Lt 

Beprehenaible,    a1U1\ 

Beprehensibly,    aIU^ 

Beprehension,  Z/»)U  mtddmat,  Lj\m^ 
mu^tabat,  J^y  tawhlkh,  ^ji  launn, 
i^\sx.  ^ftdh,JdJu  ta^tlr.  See  Cen- 
sare,  Blame,  Beproof. 

Beprehensiye,  ^Islc  ^dhl. 

Bepresent,  v.  (exhibit),^!  a%h(ir,j»^^\ 
ahdar»  See  Show. — To  represent  (by 
painting,  delineation,  imitation,  etc.), 
jiy^  iji'  i^ifMl  tanclr,  JuUj  J^  ^0- 
mal  taklld.  See  Paint,  Describe.— To 
represent  (by  petition,  etc.),  ^jm^\ 
iUamas,  ^jC  ^arad.  To  represent  on 
a  theatre,  lt«3u^^  ijj  ^mal  komedia. 
To  represent  (act  as  the  representatiye 
of  another),  ^  J^y  tatoakkal  ^a». 

Bepresentation  (image,  form),  ijya  vu- 
rat,  *jiy^  taswira,  jCl  ihakl.  See 
Likeness. — (a  memorial),  ^^  ^d, 
^^LcJl  iUimdi,  yj^^/f^  ma^d.  See 
Petition. — (exhibition),  j\^\  tnhdr. 
Theatrical  representation,  JuIiJi  taklld. 
Bepresentation  of  the  person  of  another, 
il^^  wakalat  Bepresentation  as  in  a 
mirror,  ^jtJ^  ffkt,  ^Mju]  in^kOi. 


Bepresentative  (exhibiting  a  rinnfitB^ 
JjU^  wmndiil.  A  repraeatBlzTe  \ 
another  person),  J^^  wM  {^  I 
ymkald),  A  representatiTe  Tested  li 
fall  powers,  ^^^  J^^  mM  mdi 
To  appoint  a  representatiTe,  J^i^ 
^mdlfoaJAL  A  representatiye  [ssi! 
tnde  or  symbol  of  anything),  J 
^alamaU  [hibitB),  j^  wA 

Bepresenter,  «.  (one  who  shows  re 
Beprees,  v.  (check),  Lm^  daMt ^j^ 
^^  mana^     See  Bestrain,  Ssba 

Crush. 
Bepressed,  t^^MO^  madh^, 
Bepression,  ^jl^  man^ 

Bepressire,  ^^  mdni^, 

Beprieve,    «.    (delay    of  pnnisbse^ 

L^\Asi\  tdkhlr  al  ^ikdh. 
BeprieTe,«.  c^ijcJl  ^J^l  aM^'^ 

Beprimand,  9.  ^j  wahhakk,    Seeij 

prebend,  Beboke. 
Beprisal,  ^joyc  ^wad,  jJ\xj\  in 

Beproach,  v.  aL*  JlA^^  J^  ^«m/u 
mtUdm,    lUlc  Cy^-^f.     ^o^i 
^lJlc.  l.,  *%"  t7  ta^aUdb  ^alayhif  ^il 
^M.  To  reproach  one  another,  { 
ta^dtahn, 

Beproach,   t.    (censare),    fH* 

<uL«  middmat,  (^li£  ^t^^,  /•» 
(infamy),  ii-^^  ^^^^     ^  ^' 
Beproachable,   iul^l 
mulamai,    a^I  ^ 

Beproached,  ^^j^  maBmUm. 

Beproachfally  (opprobioaalj)i 
hikol  muldmat;    (shamefolly}! 
^Icj  cy^jr  3i%o/  ^<^&  iM^df. 


»^i 


EEP 


(927) 


BEQ 


probate,  v,  ^uLc^t  ankar  ^dlayhi, 
uit  ^ja3j  rafad  talabaho.  See  Bejeot. 
probate,  ^^^  ahaki.    See  Wicked.— 

lreprobate,^^U/4;ir.  SeeFrofligate. 
probated,  {joytj^  mar/Ad.  See  Ee- 
ected.  [ness. 

probateness,  reprobation.  See  Wicked- 
proof,  |«jl  laum. 

prove,  V.  Ajlcv^y^cx  ^atah  ^alayhi, 
>sr^  wabhakhaho.  See  Eeprehend, 
teproacb. 

}tjle,  $.  ijJijs>.  haaharat  (pi;  cjI^p- 
iuharat).  Tbe  reptiles  of  tbe  eartb, 
fOji\  a\^  hawam  al  ard.  [iamdhlr). 
)ublic,  jFjfAP-  j'amhur  (pL  ^U:^ 
)adiate,  etc.,  v.  ^^  ialktk.  See 
divorce,  Beject. 

lugnance  (contrariety),  J^aUst^  mu- 
\dlafat.  See  Inconsistency.  —  (re- 
Lctance),  jLtJ  ta^aUdl,  ifjuU^mtf^d- 
idat,  4l/«^lLt  mukawamai  \  (aversion), 
axi  hughdaL 

ugnant  (contrary),  t-fllUr*  mukhdlif, 
jL*-^  mughayirj  ^^^Lx^  munakid, 
il:^^  mttnd/t.  See  Inconsistent. — 
eluctant),  OuU^  mv^eZntii,  Juxc  ca- 
lf; (averse),  jr^X.r>-,M4,^  miwto^aA. 
^pugnant  to  bnmanity,  fi^l  l<^^ 
/;»a/t  al  murHLwat,  Repugnant  to 
kture,  i>K^J^\j>\x^  mughayir  attabU 
t.  To  be  repugnant  (contrary),  jU 
^Kjsif*  sdr  mukhaUf;  (to  be  averse 
reluctant),  if^^l  utakrah. 
ig^nanily  (contrarily),  jjU^  ^^ 
vajhin  mughayir,  alilla:^  JG  iiito/ 
\khulafat\  (witbroluctance),  2r^jG 
ol  karahf  U^  karahan,  \ijjjQ  h%- 
tyr  ridd, 
Ise,    ••  ^Jdaf^,  ^jJl   indifSi^n 


To  meet  witb  a  repulse,  (jUJul  indi- 
fuh.     See  To  be  repulsed. 
Eepulse,  «.  ^J  ^is/mA,   ^j  da/a^, 
l»^li  ^te^om.     See  Bepel. 

Eepulsed,  J(jO^  mardud,  ^^S^madfi^. 

^  To  be  repulsed,  ^JJl  tnio/a^.  See 
To  meet  witb  a  repulse. 

Bepulsion,  jJj  daf^  Xxitx*  mudafa^. 
See  Bepulse. 

Eepulsing,  repelling,  ^b  ddfi^.  The 
repelling  power,  ^uljJl  ifjftli  a/  ibaiiF0< 
adddfi^ai.  \tarah. 

Eepurobase,  v.  9\j:J^\  '^frj   ^^J*t  ^*^ 

Beputable,^^«:u^  mtf^Mor.  See  Honour- 
able, Creditable,  Honest. 

Reputably,  jLicl  Jij  hikol  i^ibdr. 

Reputation,  repute,  ls-.--^  Ht,  ^1  im, 
d^A^  aum^at.     See  Credit,  Honour. 

Repute,  V.  ^.^.-m-i^  haaah,  Jlc  ^ad,  Jia 
nan.     See  Consider,  Reckon. 

Request,  s.  (entreaty,  petition),  ^^c 
^ard,  (jmUsII  iUimas,  Ujcl^I  itttd^a, 
\prj  rqjd.  In  request  (in  great  de- 
mand),  c^^lk«   nuUluh,     Anything 

greatly  in  request,  1  j^  t-J^^Ux*  mat- 
lnhjiddan. 

Request,  v.  Jajc  ^arad,  ^^UcJl  ^jj 
kaddam  Utimdt,  Uja«j\  Jax^  umal 
iatid^d,  l^JlW  talab.  See  Petition, 
Beg,  Entreat. 

Requested,  ^^«MiaL«  mtfJ^mM,  etc.— 
Your  Excellency  is  requested  to  give 
the  necessary  orders,  (j-«  *-s»v-4J' 
iUjX!  \j^\ili\jjXaJ  ^1  aO  jIuj  al  marflk 

min  sa^adatikum  an  taadtrH.  al  awdmir 
al  Utzimah. 
Requester.     See  Petitioner. 

Requirable,  c^lv-^^lju^tf/iSa^flW. 


RES 


(928) 


sjra 


Eequire,  v,  i^-Ji?  iMb,  a!  ^5-3ai^  ihtida" 
laho.      See  Demand,  Bequest. — As 

occasion  may  require,  LflSjj*  e,^M«^ 

hatah  al  iktida.  And  the  Wezeer  caused  a 
whitewasher  to  be  broofht,  and  a  painter, 
and  an  exodlent  goldsmita,  and  pFondidthem 

with  all  that  they  required,  ^^.^lA^-li 

Required,  c^^Ua^  mof/fi^  15*^3:^  m«^- 
^«(^.     See  Requested. 

Requisite,  t^j^j^  durHfif  f^Ji  Idwim, 
(..j^^l^  wajib.     See  Necessary. 

Requisite, »,  ^Uif^d^l»-  hdjattnukimmat, 
^^1^^\  amr  muktadl.  See  Ne- 
cessary, Necessaries. 

Requisitely,  ^l5;jj^  durilLrata%  5;j)/^V 
}»7  (furtlra^     See  Necessarily. 

Requisiteness,  ij^j^  dururat 

Requital,  »5;^  majctzdh,  ifUlCt  mw*d- 
fih,  ^^  ^awd,  (^.^"  ta^d.  See 
Retaliation,GompenBation,Retribution. 

Requite,  «.  <uL:  J^^  ^wwad  ^alayhi. 

See  Repay,  Retaliate,  Reward. 
Reremouse,  «.  tljtj  toatwdt,   J-Jli^-r 

^oyr  a/  /<iy^«     See  Bat. 
Rescript  (royal  edict),  jyJixi^  tnamhur, 

LmijJ^  Lf^.  khatt  eharif. 
Rescue  (from  confinement  or  danger), 

j;li?l  athk,  ^^^  khallas,  Jsx,  ^atak. 
Rescue,  «.  jUtl  aildk.  {al  haba. 

Rescued,  ^/--J^  ^j^  (Jy^  rnatluk  mm 
Research,  (jS^-s^  taftUh.     See  Inquiry, 

Search. 
Research,  v.  {Jcj  fattoBh,  ^^*^  J* 

^amal  taftUh.    See  Search,  Examine, 

Inquire. 
Resell,  17.  JjJcr  cT*  t^  ^^c  ^*^J^^' 
Resemblance,  i^^i^  tamsllf  ijyc  iHrai 


(pi.  jj-tf  «*«?<ir).  See  Similitode,  Lib- 

ness. 
Resemble  (be  like),   ^ll  sAdM;  (te 
compare),   ^UA  Bhdbhakf    <y<*  >  j*^ 


Resembling,  ^Luuk^  mtctAoML  See  lib. 

Resent,  v,  a^IS  JuaS  Aomm^  d  i^Uks9. 
i^^^^^oLZ  ghedeb.  [ChoIiK 

Resentfiil,  (^yik  ghad&h.    See  Asgr 

Resentingly,  ^^r"*^  highadMi^ 

Resentment,  ^\hji\J^  fikr  al  »«to. 
]a^  ghayz,  L,;^'^^!^  ghad^.  See  Anger 
Indignation. 

Reservation,  reserve  (retaining,  r&' 
holding),  \h\  ibkd,  \jLs^\  w^' 
(concealment  of  something  in  t^ 
mind),  l^  riya;  (exception,  cap- 
tion), t^  •hart  See  Stipulatiiffl.- 
(caution  or  modesty  of  b^anflr 
4.^j1  adah,  i\^\  intibdh. 

Reserve,  r.  (keep  back),  ^^^\  ahU^ 

Reserved  (kept  back),  ^b  lakh 
Reserved  (modest,  silen^  not  impudc^. 

u:^L»  8dkU,  ^Sii\  (^«3\jb  kddisti^: 
Reservedly    (modestly),    <C4,>u  ■*-  J^ 

C-?  J^j  hikol  hishmat  wa  addb. 
Reservedness  (modesty),  l^o\  addtj> 

wakar ;  (suUenness),  Zlftj  9a}dtA, 
Reservoir,  v,  (of  water),  ^^  kavi 
Reset,   1^.   (a  broken  bone),  ^^f 

jySjJ^  jMar  id  ^mm  al  mahur. 
Reside,  v,  jL»  takan,  Jiai  katan,  ^ 

akdm.     See  Dwell,  Inhabit;  aU^' 

Subside. 
Residence,   U3\  ikdtnai,     A  plsoe^' 

residence,  J^^  watan  (pL^^U?^^  «^"' 

aUU  makdm,    ^^/>***^  ma^kan,     ^* 

Abode,  Habitation,  Dwelling,  Coontrj 


EES 


(929) 


BES 


sident,  ^;^Li  $aUn,  j^Ji^  mubm.     A 

esidenty  J^  waM,  _«^1  elehh    See 

Invoj,  Agent,  Ambafisador. 

Biduaiy,  residual,  ^b  haki.    A  real- 

lae,    iyJu   hakwat     See  Best,  Be- 

nainder. 

sign,  V,  (give  np,  qait),  CSp  tarak, 

Co  resign  an  office,  ^^  ^t"»rf^  %%ta^a* 

nin.    To  resign  oneself  to  providence, 

^^  O^  JV    tawahkdl  ^'   aOah. 

\ee  Sabmity  Yield. — But  tiiey  could  not  do  so. 
rhey  resigned  tbemBelyes  to  fate  and  destln j, 
ind  I  Bubmitted  to  God  with  patient  endu- 
anoe    of    fate,    aiSSiction,    and   miafortone, 

signation  (of  office,  etc.),  CJjj  tori, 
ijc^\  iiti^fd;  (sabmission  to  provi- 

lence),    ^\  ^jLj  taslim  tla\     See 

iubmission. 

signed   (to  providence),   ^It  J^yy 

mttawakkil  ^ala\     See  Submissive. 

sin,  .4^v\;  ratinij^jy^  w«u0  «am^A 

anatohar, 

sist,   V.   w»1j  <^S/a^>   ^te   mdna^, 

kjlj  kdwam.     See  Oppose,  Bepulse. 

sistance,  iU^lL«  mti^Atrama^,  XkjU^ 
lumdna^at,  ^J^^mans,.  See  Opposition. 

listed,  0^4^  mardfld,  ^  y  tX^  m^fi^. 
iee  Bepulsed. 

nstibility,  XeljJt  iry  hULwatadddfi^U 
listible,  /•jU:^  yutakdwam. 
solvable,  resoluble  (capable  of  being 

isaolved),  jJ\  Jj^j  kdhil  al  M  ; 
capable  of  being  explained),  ^^^C*^^ 
AAMbBsJl  mumkin  attafiir, 
solve,  V.  (determine),  Ju^  ib#ai,  4^y 
of^a'.  See  Purpose.— (to  dissolve), 
^  kdl.     See  Melt — (to  analyze), 


J^  hal ;  (to  inform,  resolve  a  doubt), 
^Jui\  ^j  rafa^  ashshuhha. 

Besolve,  #.     See  Besolution. 

Besolved  (determined,   steady),    vjr^b 

sdhit  See  Besolute. — (melted),  ^Jl^^ 
muiahallil.  See  Dissolved. — (analyzed), 
fj^y^  fnafrUk;  (explained),^M(i^  mu- 
fauar.  Besolved  upon,  a^^mo/*  tmuam' 
mam,  i^yoSu*  mahUd, 
Besolvedly  (with  firmness),  jly^^^  J^ 

Itkol  iobrin  wakardr.     See  Besolutely. 
Besolvedness.     See  Besolution. 

Besolvent,   resolutive,    ^jLs^   muhallil, 

^\i  fdsikh. 
Besolver,  t,  (one  that  determines),  Ju^li 

kdiid;  (a  dissolver),  ^jLcr*  muhaUil, 
Besolate  (constant  to  a  resolution),  c:^l) 

idhit.    See  Firm,  Steady,  Constant. — 

(bold),  jy**^  joiUr.     See  Brave.     . 
Besolutely,  d^^L^  ij\**j^  ^JG  hikoljoid- 

rat  wa  ialdt.     See  Courageously. 
Besolution,      resoluteness      (boldness), 

SjL*sj-  jasdrat,  J*|/r"  j^^*^^  >  (fixed 

purpose),  CLi^Lj  M^d^,  <U}  n!ya^,  JudS 

Ittud.  And  when  he  heard  that,  he  was  yio- 
lently  agitated,  and  hu  resolution  was  roosed, 
and  ne  prepared  his  forces,  oonsistin)^  of  Jinn 
and  men,  and  wild  beasts,  birds,  and  reptiles, 


c:j|^Uj  is^\^  uuv^li  ul$3  J  w4«D  Uii 

Besort,{^.(freqnent),  J^  l>-  \^  ^]j  (vulg.) 

rdhtaa a;d  li^and,  ^^Juc ^  la/a'  ^a\ 

See  To  hare  reooQrBe.^A  **foz  and  a  wolf 
inhabited  the  same  den,  resorting  thither  to- 
gether, and  thus  they  remained  for  a  certain 
length  of  time.    But  the  wolf  oppressed  the 

fox,  ^^\ij\  uio'i/^  y!  Ui,  LU  J 

69 


BES 


(930) 


BES 


4_jLfcjJJ  \jb\i .  Seruj  is  my  native 
coimtry  (home) ;  but  how  can  I  nfoit  thither, 
•eeing  that  the  enemy  hare  tettled  in  it,  and 

oommitted  ravages  upon  it,  »/;'»>  p XT' 

Eesort  (ooncouree),  9Ui«j-\  ijtmd^.  See 

Assembly,  Meeting;  Visit,  Recourse. 
Eesound,  r.  (sound,  echo),  ^j  J*  ^^mal 

rannih,  ^^\>-  jdtpab,  ^Ij  J*  ^mal 

ydghl. 
Resounding,  part,  ^j  J^l^  ^mUrannih, 
Resource  (fund),  J-»^  «/.     See  Source. 

—(remedy),  ^IL  c.%'.  [jadld. 

Re-sow,  V,   Si^  ^j^  ^jj   tara^  min 
Respect,  v,  j^\  i^taboTy   ^j:j>'\  ihta- 

ram,  j\^\  J*   lamal    i^ibdr,    Jf 

Respect,  a\J\  ikrdm,j\^\  i^ihar,  j*)^  \ 
Mirdm.  See  Attention,  Regard, 
Honour,  Reverence;  also  Considera- 
tion.  Motive.  —  (reference,  relation), 
dlSlb  ^Idkah,  i-wJ  nishat.  In  respect 
of,  ''i-wJ  nishatan,  L**J1j  Jt7  »wJfl^, 

"  •  •  • 

t_ lc^  t*^'  AflWtf*. 

Respectable,    i-^l*^   mw^^aJar, 


U^>-a*< 


I 


A^  *^\  wdjib  attahrlm. 


»»«r 


llespected,  .•^iU  mukarram,  j^ 

toior.     See  Honoured. 
Respectful,    <-->5^    tnu-addah.      Then 


he  stood,  hanging  down  his  head  in  humility, 


Respectfully,    |*|/^'j  j^^  J^   ^^^^ 

takrttn  tea  ihtirdm. 
Respecting,  prep*  jJ^  ^J  fl  amr,  ^i 


perplexed  Fespeeting  his  ease ;  for  if  I  p^ 
^ers  to  kill  toi,  it  will  not  be  ligfet;  at: 
I  leave  him,  he  will  increase  in  hv  \Hite 
Write  to  him  a  letter,  rejoined  the  old  ma 

and  perhaps  he  will  be  restrained,* 

Respective  (particular),     ^j^  ^ 
^yAS^  maihs€Ls ;  (relative), 

mamdh. 
Respectively  (particularly),  \^ya:>^» 

MiUan^L^  nuhatan.    See  Ralstv^ 
Respiration,  ij»Jt^  ianaffiu. 
Respire,  v.  (breathe),  ^y«iiJ'  U^f^ 
Respite,  11^  maklaL   See  Repriert 
Resplendence,  L^  diffd»  See  Brig 

Splendour.  [Spi 

Resplendent,  w«J  Idmi^.     Sec  Bs? 
Resplendently,  L^  JC;  WW  i^iya.  ?« 

Splendidly. 
Responsibility,  iJU^  *fl/&W,  i 
Responsive,    ^'^   jowdht,    wj^ 

Rest  (quiet,  repose). 
Tranquillity. —  (cessation  of  moi- 
^S^  9ukiJLn.  Rest  and  motion,  ^- 
iSj^^  iukHn  wa  haraiai.      To  : 

rest,  f^j  rayyah.    And  he  cas^ 

the  tree,  and  threw  himself  down  ITi  ' 
slain,  desiring  to  Uke  rest  hy  his  jr* 
position,  not  knowing  that  every  <®e  • 
an  object  of  search  resteth  not ;  abc  =< 
knoweth  what  is  hidden  from   bin  ^ 

secretsofdestiny.^jlii^^i^-^t 
Rest,  #.  (remainder),  ^b  feii   • 


1^  rfiJU^ 


BES 


(  931 ) 


RES 


•Eesidne,  Remains. — ^And  bo  with  re- 
gard to  the  rest,  1  JJb  ,jLe  ^jiJj  uminu 
^alc^  hassd, 

.est,  i,  (support  on  which  anything 
leeLUs),  Si^  tanad,  JkXMi^  muinud.  See 
Prop,  Pillar,  Sapport. 
est,  V.  (be  at  quiet),  ^)/^^  uiardh; 
(to  sleep),  i*U  ndm;  (to  lean  upon), 
^Uu\  ittakd  ^\  Jco^t  Utanai. 

To  rest  satisfied,  ^^j  ratfl.    And  by 

the  Bide  of  the  door  was  a  wide  maBtabah. 
The  porter  therefore  put  down  his  burden 
upon  that  mastabah,  to  rest  himself  and  to 

scent  the  air,  ^i^LJt  l^^\^  ^J^^ 

3sted  (reposed),  ^^^  murtdh, 

3stitution,  ^^^  tarjl^. 

^stive,  JJIji^  mu^dnid,  tijAS*^  mutth 

marrid.      See   Obstinate,    Stubborn^ 

Reluctant. — A  restire  horse,    {^^j^ 

harnn.    See  Horse. 

^stiyeness,  jLe  ^ndd.   See  Stubborn- 

less,  Obstinacy. 

stlesa    (haying    no   rest),    -l^^ 

fhayr  murtah,  I  was  restless  on  accoont  of 
ler  absence ;  sleep  could  not  oyereome  my 
jixiety ;  my  eyes  nowerer  were  closed,  but 

ay  spirit  was  awake,  ^,::.»%Jj^-mJi  jJ^ 

itlcssness  (want  of  rest  or  ease),  A«Xfi 
»^L}\  ^adam  arrdhat, 
itorable.    See  Recoverable, 
iteration,  ^^/  ^^ffi^*  o\jjLJi  isiir- 
%d.       See  Restitution. — Restoration 
'  health,  U^  ihafd.     See  Recovery, 
torative,  ^^  fhdfl.  A,  restorative, 
iL5i  ihd/l. 
tore,  p.  (give  back,  send  back,  bring 


IB 

back),  ^Tj  ^W^'      ^^  Retrieve, 
Re-establish,  Recover,  Repay. 
Restored,  t>y«  muraffa^,  ^^^  mardud, 
9j>'y  marja.^.     Restored  to  health, 

Is^^^^fnunUMlliUaKkat.    To 

be  restored,  Jj^t  iriad.    See  Return. 

Restorer,  «.  Jj|^  rddid. 

Restrain,  v.  (curb),  Ixma  dahat^  la^j  ro- 
hatf  ^^^^^  hana\  j^  jdbar.  See 
Check,  Repress,  Overawe.  [daht. 

Restrainable,   lo^l  ^J^^-a^^   mumkin    al 

Restrained  (checked),  k^^^^  tnadBut, 
^>sjk^  mumtani^,  jyAo^  mahiHr ; 
(limited),  u>^iXsr^  mahdnd.  See  Re- 
stricted. 

Restrainer,  «.  IsjIj  ddhtt 

Restraint  (check),  Isw  dld^^,  ^:^  moiia^; 
(limitation),  J^J^  iahdid. 

Restrict,  v.^i^j  kauar. 

Restricted,  j^o&sl^  muktatarf  jqL%  mtf- 
hoMOT^  ^ac.s^  mukhiasar. 

Restriction,  jL^f  iktitdr,  JuS  iloyi. 
See  Restraint.  [See  Styptic. 

Restrictive,  restringent,  ^j^lld:J1  ikiisdrf, 

Restrictively,  jldiil  4^  bikol  iktudr. 

Result,  hf^  natijat  (pi.  ^1:J  naidytj), 

ijAJ  Bomarat.     See  Effect,  Inference. 
Result,  V,  (rise  as  a  consequence),  (J.d»^ 

^  ^d/  mm.  [fi^^^Mdrr. 

Resumable,  jL^isLl)  ^^C*^  mvmkin  al 
Resume,  v.  (take  back),  J^t  t^  ''^^t 

a^Aoi.     To  resume  a  discourse,  jLe 

aH^I  ^^^y^  ^d^  nattjat  al  kddm. 
Resurrection,  <.  ^US  kiydmat.  The  day 

of  resurrection,  ^La!!  a,^  yawm  al 

kiydmat.    See  Day  of  judgment. 
Resuscitate,  9.  ^U^f  oAyd^.  See  Revive. 
Resuscitation,  L»»t  f%d.  See  Resurreo- 

tion. 


BET 


(932) 


BET 


Betail,  f .  j3*^ V  t.^  ^t  ^  ^^^^ 
BetaU,  J/^V  t^'  ''^^t  Mmufarrak. 
Betailed,  jyUl^  tV*  ««^  t^**HA»''^- 
Eeteiler,  t.  jJa^V  ^  ^oyy^^  ^•^  "^ 

farrak.    See  Pedlar. 
Betain,  v.  (withhold),  » JJx  djL.^  mM^ifc 
^ndaho;  (to  keep  in  confinement), J^ 
hqfa.     See  Detain,  Keep.— (to  keep 
in  pay,  maintain  as  followers,  etc.), 
^ J^\j  IT jof  Li^  Aa^  ^mioAo  M  iUii- 
mai.     See  Hire,  Pension. 
Betained  (withheld),  dyi*^^  mams^h. 
Betainer,  t.  H^  tdH^.    See  Dependent, 

Follower,  Peoaioner. 
Betake,  v.  *ii*^^^  ^^  Mm  minjaii^ 
Betaliate,  v.  il^  ^\  Mm  hakkaho. 


By  God,  I  nrast  retaliate  for  ihia  damsel  upon 
him  who  killed  her,  and  pat  him  to  death! 
Then  said  he  to  Jaafar,  By  the  tmth  of  my 
descent  from  the  Ehaleefeha  of  the  sons  of  El- 
Abbas,  if  thou  do  not  bring  to  me  him  who 
killed  this  woman,  that  I  mav  avenge  her 
npon  him,  I  will  hang  thee  at  the  gate  of  my 
palace,  together  with  forty  of  thy  kinsmen, 

\^suaj'i  A,  J  fJi\  xiJb  JJ  i^jJlj  ^JJ^ 

Betaliated,  ^joJd^  tmikdsas. 

Betaliation,  f\S:ij\  inttkdm. 

Betard,  r.  J^ji^  ^aunoak,  ^i^  mana^  See 
Hinder,  Obstruct,  Delay. 

Betarded,^*\i^  mutaahhkhir. 

Betention  (withholding),  (ICms  nuMk ; 
(holding),  c3L^\  imdi.  See  Con- 
finement, Bestraint,  Limitation. 

Betentive  (having  the  power  of  holding 
iHT  withholding),  ul^U  m&9ik* 


Beticnlar,  reticulated,  retafKn,  u 

mmhMdk.  \W- 

Betinne,  ^\y  Uwdhi^.  8eeTnin,Eqsi- 

Betire,  r.  uJ^-ai^  imaraf,  c--***^'^ »» 
M.  SeeBecede,Betreat,B«^-I 
retire  from  one  another,  |^«x&lJ  ^ 

Betired  (private,  redose),  ,Jz^  «fr 

Betirement,  *-j\iisr^  ijimSh,  JS^f 
intwdf.  SeeBetreat— BetireiBait,& 
tiredness  (of  life),  JjU-  MM.  i 
retirement  or  place  of  retirement,  i*> 
khalwat. 

Betort,  *.  (sharp  answer),  *>W  v'f 
jWaa  Asi.     See  Bepartee,  BaOky 

B«tract,  V.  ^K  ^  nsJtai  Wa»» 
il3\  ankar. 

Betraoted,  j^l:^  nuifiter. 

Betraction,  jliul  tii^r. 

Betreat  (place  of  privacy),  5jU-  Wi* 

See  Betirement— The  retreat  of  t 

army,^^C**«ll  ^y>-j  rt^u^  «^  ^sii* ;; 

fir&r,J>^\  f^J^\  fnA«a«  a/  ^- 

Betreat,  v.  (from  an  enemy),  j^jf  ^  »* 

mm^yfar.   Betreated  (•jjf*  ««^ 

Betrench,  r.  (cut  ofl^  abridge),^-^  i»^ 

juix^\  ikhUuar.  i*^ 

Betxenohed,  j^ec^s^  muihUuar,  ^f^ 

Betrenchment,  jltf^^  MtUar,  j^ 

iktUdr. 
Betribution,  «^J  V*  "••jf^««*»  IrT.^ 

payment,  Becompense. 
Betributive,  retributory,  l<*^  ^ 
Betrieve,  9.  (recover,  repair),  ^f 

Be-estabUsh,  Bestore.         [cot«^ 
Betrievable,  J-ossiu  faiaha$> 


KEV 


(938) 


EEV 


^trocessioQy  retrogradation,  retrogres« 
sion,  <^,ttL^  c  ^j  raja^  Ukhalf. 

etrograde,  i^jLgj  ^T^j  rdji^  likhaJf, 
c^^LiU  makliib.  See  Contrary,  Oppo- 
site.— ^To  retrogradOi  \j^  ^Jl  t^  ^^\ 
fTa'  ward, 

etarn,  v.  (come  back),  ^rj  ^9<^t'  ^^ 
ta<f  J  (to  give  back),  ^^^jra^^;  (send 
back),  ^rj  ^W^t'  ^^  Bestore,  Be- 
pay. — (to  make  answer),  S-^^^  15^' 
0&^a'  jatffdb.  To  return  to  one's  senses 
[after  madness,  ebriety,  anger,  or  faint- 
ing),  ^^jSf^  $ehi.    To  return  to  any 

former  habit,  ^}\  jlc  ^dd  ila\ 
itiuii,«.  (to  any  place),  ?*s»-j  rw^u^,  Jj^ 
'.awdat,  ij^j  r^ff^\  (profits  arising 
Tom  merchandise,  etc.)>  1^  ^^y 
Ixic^  mtmfa^at.  See  Profiti  Bevenue. 
tamable,  9^^\  c^^  kdhHam^'U^. 
vealf  9.j^\  Mhar,j*»i\  t^JiuS  Juuhaf 

wtir,  ^J^\  aftha.    See  Disooyer,  Bis- 

lose. — And  I  acquainted  kirn  with  what  had 
efallen  me  from  first  to  last,  and  he  was 
riered  for  me,  and  said,  O  young  man,  reveal 
ot  thy  case,  for  I  fear  what  the  king  of  this 

ity  might  do  against  thee,  ^j  •  rCLi 

nd  she  said  within  herself,  Verily  this  thing 
J  one  has  known  from  me,  and  I  will  not 
ireal  it  to  this  old  woman  until  after  I  shall 
ive    tested  and  tried  her,  as  it  must  he, 


realed,   cJjuiC^  maiihitf, 

ealer,  «.  Li.i^l^Ad«A(f,  ^J^j^  mu^in. 
elation,  j^^Sl  llit  f/«Ad  ala»rdrfj<^\ 


iahdr.  See  BiscoTery. — A  revelation 
from  heaven,  v^Uj  ic^-j  t^oAi  radian?, 
i%l^l  t7^Sm,  (JUj  m\4^\  Uhdmrabhdnl, 

Bevenge,  ft^\  iniikdm,  iuU  naknuU. 

Bevenge,  v.  ^  Jbj\  intakam  min. 

Bevenger,  #.  (one  who  takes  revenge), 
jtSs^u^  muntakim ;  (one  who  avenges  or 

ponishes),  ^^^^o^UU  muidns. 
Bevenne,  J^asr^  mahtBl,  J^  X«  mad- 

iheJ.     A  collector  of  revenue,  iJ^ios^ 

muhasiU. 
Beverberate,  «.  (beat  or  throw  back), 

^jSju\  in^akoi.     To  reverberate  (as 

sound),  ^U  J^^omolydl^Ai.  See  Echo. 
Beverberatod,  ^jtJjc^^  mim^u. 
Beverberation,  ^jaMjuS  in^tkdB.    Bever^ 

beration  of  sound,  15^^  ffd^M. 
Bevere,   reverence,  v.  fi/^   ihtaram, 

j0Sx\  iciahar.     See  Venerate,  Honour. 
Bevered,  j^jLt  mutarram,  /♦^'^  muhta- 

ram,j^SJi^  mu^tahar.     See  Venerable, 

Honoured,  Esteemed. 
Beverence,  («|/^>"^  ihiirdm,  a\^\  ihrdim^ 
^Lict  i^ibdr,jJ^  tawkir.  See  Vene- 
ration, Bespect,  Honour.— A  reverence 

(act  of  obeisance),  ^iJumj  tatUm,  Uaci 

inhina.  And  when  the  gardener  saw  him, 
he  rose  to  him,  standing  upon  his  feet,  and 
receiving  him  with  re?erenoe  and  honour! 

I»\jj!I\  Jut  ^  fj^  JU-Jl  /j;UU 

Beverencer,  reverer,  #.  a^C*  mukarrim. 

Beverend,  (^J^^"^  muhiaram,  (^j^  ^tf- 

karram,  Jan/tmtf^osstfm.SeeVenerablei 

Bevered. 
Beverend,  reverential,   A^ti&^r^  mtcAto- 

.  sham,  c^jI  c,'^c»'l^  «dAA  adab.     See 
Bespectful. 


HEV 


(934) 


EEY 


Beverently,  ^yj  (^^\  J^  VM  ikrUm 
wa  tawklr,  (^\r^^.  W  Mirdm,  J^ 
iZj\k^\  hiiol  iltifdt.  [Meditation. 

Eovcrie,  /i  Jikr,  j\^\  iftikdr.    See 

Beverae,  v.  i--Ji  ife«^i|  j^h*^  tf^f 
«.J[;  ioZM.  See  Overturn,  Subvert, 
Repeal,  Gontradtot. 

Beversed,  ^^Jjc^  mun^ii, 
munkaiib,  ^^  $naUuh.  To  be  re- 
versed,  4^.Ji3t  inkalab,  Seelnvwted, 
Inverse. 

Be  verse,  ^jJj^'  ^dut  S-^SlAil  Mcildh, 
f^\jB^\  inhirdf.  See  Inversioii.— 
(change),  Jj  Ju7  iahM,  ^j^  ^Mwrif. 
The  reverses  of  fortune,^«>Sl  ^*-^V 
fMwdyib  addahr ;  (an  opposite,  contrary), 

uJU.  ihtldff  ^  <^<^- 
Beversible,  ^jJji\  jL^  mumkin  dl  ^aks. 

Beversion  (right  of  succession),  *^\jt^ 
tnlrds,  Ij\j^  wardsai.  See  Heritage, 
Succession. 

Beversionary,  ^^^jy*  tnawrHs,  (jij^, 
C^U^\  hitarik  al  mirds.    [verberate. 

Bevert,  v.  %frj  ^<v\'    See  Betum,  Be- 

Bevertible,  ^^J^  Ji^  ^^^ arrujn^. 

Beview,  i;.  (to  see  or  consider  again), 
jjj^  Mf^j^  *^^'^^  minjadid.  See 
Be-examine,  Examine,  Survey. — ^To 
review  an  army,  ^L*«l\  ^J.^  i^S^ 
koihaf  tato'  ai  ^dkir.  To  review  a 
book,  c-^l:;^  Jjli  kahd  kitdh. 

Beview,  «.  (retrospection),  J^  nanar, 
Uj\L9  mukdhalat.    See  Examination, 

Survey. 
Beviewer,  ^l3  ndtar.  [Beproach. 

Bevile,  v.  mP^  ahaiam^  l-.«w}  sab.    See 
Beviler,  «.  aJLI  shdim. 
Beviling, «.  ^»i^  ahatm. 


Bevise,  v.  (writings,  etc.),  ^\;  f«>f 

Bevise,  iblL«  wMia  haM.  See  Bern 

Bevisit,  r.  JJ  *Xflr  cT^j!;  ■^''  "^^ 
Be  vival,  revivification,  revivisceiicy,  L> 

Bevive,  9.  (return  to  life  or  vjgoor),  j> 

• 

aAya*.  My  spirit  had  then  nra^  ^ 
soul  had  retomed  to  me,  and  my  pc^ 
motion  was  renewed;  and  I  began  to  kSx 
and  to  walk  along  the  ahore  of  tbe  srfi^ 


Bevived,  JLtc^  munia^uh. 
Beviver,  t.  ^ri^  muh^.  [j*^ 

Be-union,  JjO^  ^^^  *>W^1  UHhadp* 
Be-unite,  v.  »>j*y5>-  ^^  jUjI  Jas  a» 

fY^tj^i  minjadid. 

Bevocable,  Jkj  yMhial.    Bevocabto 

J^i\J^\imkdHalihtdl.  Toip> 

cate,  revoke,  jL  &a^^.        [:Bfi?es. 

BevocatioD,  revokement,  Jliajl  *^  J« 

Bevolt,  t^.  ^L<-«i  t*^  t**^»  1^** 

Bevolt,  ».  JjLxc  ^aadwai.  See  Beb^ 
Bevolted,  ^^U-a^  ^wydfi.  [se"- 

Bevolter,  «.  ^^U  ^a«l.  See  Bebd  '• 
Bevolve,  r.  (turn  round),  j\  J  dor, 
Bevolution  (revolving  in  a  circlf \  • 
dator,  ^^j^^  dawrdn.  Revohii^ 
c^jly  nuwdptb,  ciJblU)\  tiiWi^ 
c:.;UU;  takaUtibdt.  The  revdatiiff 
the  heavens,  C^JHill  CL^Ui:  takd^ 
al  afldk.     The  revolutions  of  T 

volutionsof  fortune,^  jJ\  t^-^V  «^ 
yt^  addahr.  A  revolution  or  ch&'^ 
government,  iuyuJl  ^J^JteWt''^ 


BIB 


(935) 


BID 


ward,  i.  \^  jtma^  jsA  ajr^  i(UlC« 
nuk&fah^  t^\^  Mw&h.  Deserriog  a 
reward,  imJ\^\  w-<«p-yuM^  muiiawfib 
tssawdh,  A  good  aotioii  worthy  of 
I  reward,  ^.^\^t  ^.*^>-^  j*^  J^x 

>amol  khayr  mujib  astawab,  I  hare  relin- 
juiflhed  mistretses  and  wine,  and  turned  away 
torn  profli^y  and  infiitnation,  and  committed 
ill  mj  affairs  to  my  God,  and  I  have  bidden  a 
inal  farewell  to  my  errors,  and  devoted  myself 
k>  gain  reward  from  my  Lord,  requesting  him 


to  grant  me  a  good  end,  ^^  iZJ^l^^ 

*y  Ij  C^\  ^  wUuy  (,\^\i  l^'i\ 

>ward,   r.    ^"^  lafa\  *|jU-  j&%ah. 
See  Becompense,  Eepay. 

)wardable,   \^t  ^i  Idyik  al  joMd, 
L-^1yJ1  i^^,^fMt^  mmtawjib  OisatPdh, 

awarded,  ^l^  mukdfa*, 

iwarder,  «.  yj\^  mukdfl, 

letoric,  Z>-Lia)!  Jla  ^m  aifudhai. 

See  Oratory. 

letorical.    See  Oratorical. 

letorician.     See  Orator. 

leum,  ^j  rashh.  [/dJiZ. 

leamatism,  J^U^t  ^^jioafa^almO' 

linoceroB,  $.  ^^^  iartaddn. 

lododaphne  (a  rose  with  laurel  leaves), 

ilJ  J  dufle.      [lcS^^^  »^^j  rdwandslnl. 

Lubarb,  Jjj\jrdwand.  China  rhabarb, 

ijtae,  ^Jli  hdfiyat, 

lythmical,  ^j  \y  maumHn,  Khythmi- 

;ally,  XjIa1\  ^  ^alldfiyat.  Not 

rhythmicaly  yj^j  y  j^  ghayr  mawtAn. 
In    oration   rhythmically    composed, 

k^s***^  iiiti«2l^-    ^^0  speaks  rhyth* 
nically,  ^>-Li  9dj%^. 
b,  #•  ^Ltf  iM^. 


Bibbed,  ^f  i^  laho  adld^. 

Bioe  (in  the  husk),  Jj  mt.      A  rice 

merchant,  Jj  ew  &ayyd^na. 

Bich,  ^jJ>  ghanh  See  Opulent,  Wealthy. 

Biches,  JU  mdl,  (J\y\  atnwdl,  ijt^ 
JU!^  koiorat  al  mdl.     See  Wesdth. 

Bichlj,  ^J»^  fjij  bikol  ghina\   See  Opu- 
lently, Abundantly,  Plenteously. 
Bichne8s,^^:^yAtW.   See  Fertility,  Opu* 

lence.  Abundance,  Finery,  Splendour. 

Bick,  8.  (pile  of  com,  hay,  etc.),  y*:x 
^hbar. 

Bid,  V.  (disengage,  disentangle),  Ji>- 
hal;  (to  set  free),  fjAi^  khaOat.  To 
get  rid  of  (escape  from),  ^U-  ^/^S^ 
khaUiu  hdlaho  \  (to  drive  away),  ^  J 
dafa^ 

Biddance  (disencumbrance),  J^u*^!  ^J^- 
Ao/  a/  mashkal;  (deliverance),  ^isL 
ihaldi;  (driving  away,  clearing  away), 
^  J  dafa^ 

Biddle,  #.  (enigma),  it^jJl^.  hanUra,l^j 
rtfms.  To  propound  a  riddle,  4J4X 
^J*^  ^tfma/ Aotsfira.  A  riddle  (sieve), 
JIj^  ghurhdl, 

Biddle,  v.  (solve  a  riddle),  U^l^^ 
iharah  arranu ;  (to  separate  by  a 
coarse  sieve),  Jj^i  gharhal. 

Bide,  9.  4---^  r0ib03.     Any  beast  upon 

which  a  person  rides,  t^^y  markah. 

And  when  the  time  of  afternoon  prayers  ar- 
riTed,  he  rode,  with  the  princes  before  him, 
until  he  came  to  the  horse-course,  where  he 
played  with  arms  tUl  the  time  of  nightfall, 
together  with  his  father  and  the  lords  of  his 


empire,  ^,^jj^\  i^  (juJ^  ^\^  US^ 


*   • 


1^:^ 


^1  -.LJb 
Bider,  <.  \^\j  rdkth  (pi.  u^\^  ruOdh). 


BIG 


(936) 


BIG 


A  rider  w  breaker  of  hones,   >!«/• 

Ridge,  *.  (higher  part,  top),  Jj^  J  tarwai. 
The  ridge  of  a  mountain,  J-^1  ^^Ij 
rd*  dljaM.  [See  Raillery. 

Ridicule,  aj^i***^  ffuMyBU'cii^jf^^iihsA. 

Ridicule,  r.  iyfc***^  ^J-i^  ^amalaho  mat" 

i  ** 

iJx.  lSjs^  dahik  ^afeiyA*,  iAs.jk*"^ 
tamoikhar  ^Jayhi.  See  Deride,  Rally, 
Mock,  Laugh  at.— One  who  ridicules, 
tli^U  (teAtit,  4,5jfu*^  mwto^l.  See 
Wag,  Mocker. 

Ridiculed,  iLs^  j\^  tar  mudhake. 

Ridiculous,  CJ^'^  mudhik,  »jSf**^  nuu- 
khara.     Anything  ridiculous,  XjA 
maskhara.  Ridiculous  things,  (JL 
madhak&t. 

Ridiculously,  \j(^\  JJo  hikol  utihstd. 

Ridiculousness,  CSjsf^  JU  Ml  mud- 
hik.     See  Ridicule. 

Riding,  t.  \^j  rtM,  L^jfj  rukal. 

Rie,  jl  JjU-  jdwddr. 

Rife  (or  general,  as  a  contagious  dis- 
temper), ^y^  ^mUml,  yjy^**^  ««*- 
tawli. 

Rifely,  U^4X  ^umHtnan. 

Rifeness,  |»^«4x  ^umum. 

Rifle,  9.  v»^  nahab,  l,,,^!.^  m^5.  See 
Pillage,  Plunder,  Rob.     [See  Robbed. 

Rifled,  cy^Lyu^  matliih,  <-->^f^  manAa^. 

Rifle,  «.  ^UA-^  «^WAfifkiA. 

Rifler,  «.  u^U  taltb,  (^.JbU  »aA»&. 
See  Plunderer. 

Right  (fit,   proper,    just),   JjJ   teyiX, 

muwafik.  See  Becoming,  Suitable, 
Convenient.  —  (truej  not  erroneous), 
^&<^  M^lA.     See  Perfect,  Complete. 


(just, honest),  J^U  «fi<»,  J^^*t^^ 
^U  idUh.      See    Rightficmi.-'r: 
crooked,  straight),  ^ji""'^  swrfifa 
i^^  iiwfl' ;  (not  left),  ^^^  f» 
The  right  hand,  ^^/^^  •^^  •^ 
yamw^.  The  right  aide  (tfto  aayife 
situated  on  the  right),  ^^^^  f*^ 
To  the  right,  h^AJ  yamnaian.   ^ 
and  left,  S^**wij i-4.-^  w^fwi"^''! 
fMifiorat.  Prom  the  right,  ^j;-^  j^ 
min  al  yamln.    The  right  wiog  <^  ^i 
army,   ^2>^«>:^«  maffminud.     The  is3 
and  left  wing,  ij^\jii>^^  «?«*^ 
mufM^  wtf/  moyiorat.      A  right  ii^ 

JbM<    muMiabm.    T^ 


jfcrtflTif  fin  "T 

right  way,  j^^^Lvm^U  ^Ji^'  •'^  * 
muataklm;  (to  be  straight),  f^^s^-^J 
kdn  mustaklm ;  (to  be  oamct>  ^1 
^^'^  l^n  mAiA. 

Right  (inteijection  of  approbation), 
tayyib,  ^^ac-  ^cuXm, 

Right  (proper),  ^^.^L*^^^  Ks*ij 
miindM^;  (in  a  direct  line), 
likhattin  tnustakim. 

Right  O'lstice),  Jjlc  ^«»;  (fr«^ 
from  error),  Aar^  wAAtf<;  (doe  «r.'^ 
claim),  J^  M;  (property),  ii>j 
i»tf /A,  LJ^  kh&uifot ;  (power,  J^ 
rogative),  ijSi  hdr^tt  iy  kiti 
The  right  (side),  ^^--4-!^  v----il:r  J** 
al  yamln.  Against  right,  ^j^\  iJ*^ 
khila/alhak.  Hereditary  rights,  J;i^ 
^\j^  hukak  mirdsiyah. 

Right,  p.  (administerjustioe),  J^^  i^f 
ajrn^  al  kaL 

Righteous,  ^U  idlO,  joU  tddit  *i 

Just,  Honest,  Virtuous,  Holy. 
Righteously,  ^lU  JG  WW  afW. 


MP 


(987) 


BOA 


ligbteoTuneBS,  JL^ioldh.Bfie'Reeiiixxde, 

Honesty,  Yirtne,  Piety,  Justice, 
lightfol  (having  right),  ^J^^  halMti. 

See  Trae,  Lawful, 
lightfully,    uJli^t    (JCj    hikd  imdf, 

JiJb  ha  hd&l. 
lightly  (properly,  suitahly),  <U.»li^  Ji^ 

hikol  mundtabai;  (exactly),  LsJ  ,Jij 

hiM    diiiai,     tmJ\y^\j     hiaawdh; 

(straightly),  ^Jxm^  ^^  h%  iffofhin 

muitaJAm, 
tightness,  £««li:;^)  %$i%kdma$.    See  Bee- 

titade,    Bighteousness,    Straightness, 

Tmeness.  [$hadld. 

Ligid,  rigorous  (severe,  inflexible),  Jj  JJi 
ligidity,  IsJ^  shiddat     See  Bigidness, 

Stiffness. 
ligidly,  rigorously  (severely),  idXJ^^  U^ 

shiddaty  Jj  JJ^  ^y  ^  wajhin  ihadld. 
.ig:idne88,  rigor,  i^\j^  sardmat    See 
Severity,  Austerity. 
iU,  rillet, «.  J^Ja^jadwal,  See  Bivulet. 

im,  $.j\ii  kandr.  See  Border,  Maigin. 
ing, «.  ^LaI^  halaka.  SeeHoop,  Circle. — 
(for  the  finger),  ^jm^ss^  mahbas.  A  seal 
ring,  (wl=^  khdtim  (pi.  fJ^f>-  iha- 
tc&tim).  An  iron  ring  at  a  gate, 
c^UI  SA>-  hahkat  Mdh,   An  ankle- 

ring  worn  by  women,  Jli*^  khalkhdl, 
ng,  r.  J  J  dak. 
ng'doYe,  a.  Aa^  kamdm. 

n^^-finger,  $.  J^U^  khdtim, 

n^let,  t.  (of  hair),  uj3|j  tdK/f  J^«>- 
'ae^d.    See  Curl,  Lock  of  Hair, 
ase,  V.  4Jm*£  ghaidl.     See  Wash. 
>t,  ^t^  $hamdtah. 
J,  V.  Jh^  <AaA.     To  rip  up  a  sewing, 
jpj  fatak,  [^b  &d^A. 

>e,   ^i^^**^  mtuiaufl.    Of  ripe  years,  I 


Bise,  V.  (as  the  sun),  ^it  to/i^,  ^J;^t 
MAraib ;  (to  appear  in  view,  to  emerge), 
j^   neker.    To  rise  upon  the  feet, 
i»li  kdm. 

Bise  (source,  spring),  J^)  m/,  \daj\ 
ibtidd.  See  Beginning,  Origin;  Elevap 
tion.  Promotion. — (increase),  oUO;^ 
%%diydd,  Bise,  rising  (springing  up 
or  from),  jj«Xi«  iudUr;  (appearing), 

Bisibility,  jJL^k^  dukk.  See  Laughing. 
Bisible  (having  the  faculty  of  laughing), 
ddkik;  (exciting  laughter), 
mudakkik. 

Bisk,  jLirS^  kkatur  (pL  Jiaii^  aJtkidr), 
XjioLk'^  mukkdtarak.  See  Danger, 
Hazard,  Chance.— Please  to  insure  my 
goods  against  all  risks  and  dangers, 

arfukum  UuawgurU  mdli  ^M  kd  al 

akkUlr,  [mukkdtir. 

Bisk,  v.Jiff\:>^  kkdiar.    A  ri8ker,^Li^ 

Bite, «.  ^UmJlx))  i^jraam  alkanUat,  ^jiJ^ 

taki.  Bites,  Ayaj  ru$Um,  ^^yi^  iukHi, 

Bites  observed  at  the  temple  of  Mecca, 
iL^l^  mandiik. 
Bitual,|^«Mit  tahH. 

Bivage,  1x1  akatt.    See  Coast,  Bank. 


Bival,  «.  »^^jf^  raklhf  l^j^  karif, 
Biver,  a.j^  nakr  (pl.^f  unhur).  The 

bank  of  a  river,  ^^lia^  akat  annakr. 

See  Bank.— A  river  horse,y£C)Sl  (^lid>- . 

kiadn  al  hakr.     See  Hippopotamus. 
Bivet, «. jUnum*  muamdr.    See  NaiL^To 

rivet,^4tM^  maanuM^. 
Bivulet,  i'jiii^  y^  nakr  aagkHr,  ^L« 

adkiyak,  f^^Ja^- jadwal. 
Boad,  a.  Jijb  iaf^k.    The  high  road, 

(*^  ciO^  ^'''^  t^^  Beads,  j^  ^A. 


BOM 


(938) 


BOH 


Boaat,  1^.  i/^  Mhawa\ 

Boast,  roasted*  ijy*^  nmuihuiH,  Boast 
meat,  i^y^^  /*^  lahim  mwhuH. 

Bob,  «.  j^  iorak,  c-.^  iiaAa3.  See 
Plunder. 

Bobbed,  ^J^/uu^  mtwrilt. 

Bobber,  «.  jjL*  tdrtib,  ic^l^-^-  Aoraml, 
^  Im  (pi.  ^^  /tftii«).  See  Plun- 
derer, Thief. — ^A  highway  robber,  c\& 

i}ij^\  hattd^  attarlL  [Theft. 

Bobbery,  iJ^  eurkat     See  Plundering, 

Bobe,  «.    ^liA3  kaftdn;    (as  present), 

Bobust,  ^y  ibt^.  See  Strong,  THgorous. 
Bobustness,  iy    kuwat     See  Yigour, 

Strength. 
Bock,  9.jai^  Bokhr, 
Bocky,yij  tc^a^r.   See  Bugged. 
Bod,  9,  (stick,  stafiP),  L&e  ^Md,  (^^yJi 

it<><^&  (pi.  (^W^  twiiSn). 
Bogue, «.  (yagabond),  ii»\i^  awhdsh.  See 

Basoal,  Yillain,  Scoundrel,  Cheat,  Thief. 

Boguish  (knavish),  jijJ^  sharir. 

Boll,  s,  (catalogue),  i^^a^  fahrasat.   See 

List,  Begister. 
Boll,  V.  (anything  upon  the  ground), 

'^j^^  dahraj.     To  roll  as  the  waves, 

>0^y^  tamauncaj. 
BoUed  (on  the  ground),  ^  >>-Jcl^  muta- 

dahrij.    Boiled  or  levelled  as  ground, 

J****^  mutatiah. 
Bomance,  i.  ^Uui  hmah,  ^l^  hik&yat. 

See  Fable;  o/m  Lie,  Fiction. 
Bomance,  p.  cubl^  J^^^  ^malhikdyaL 

See  Fable,  Feign,  Forge,  Lie. 
Bomancer,   #.  (JLl^^  hakawdil*     See 

Fabler,  Liar. 
Bomantio  (resembling  romances),   Jl^ 


JltUIJI  mid  al  iOafoii    (CindM^ 
jj^tf,^  mwUuawwMT.    See  Fable;  oiis 

Improbable,  False. 
Boof,  «.  uJl*!  Mi^.     The  roof  of  & 

mouth,  jLs^^  uJi^  sAfdlhdL  5» 

Palate. 
Book,  ».  ^j  sa^A,  S-'J^  gJdrdh,   8a 

Crow. — ^The  rook  at  chees,  ^^  «^ 
Boom  (place),  ^ICt  moitess,  J^-«  ««k'. 

(space),  ^Juy^tMW^a^;  (place  of  anotbe^ 

^^  ^wad,  JjJ  ftflio/.  InhiBrooe. 

^•nAi.     A  room  or  apartment,  Li, 

awda.     See  Chamber. 
Boominess,  JJua^  was^.     See  Space. 
Boomy,    ^-^^  itmI^.      See   Spaescci 

Wide,  Large. 
Boot,  J-tf\  asl,  JjC  ^kf  ^^j^  ^^ 

(pi.  i}y^\  Uiuh  Jsj^  e^r^)'  ^ 
root  up,  tear  up  by  the  roots,  ^ 
kah^,  J^'\-^^  uta'sal.  See£ndici3^ 
—To  take  root,  ^^j^  BharratIL 

Booted,  ^^j^  J^^  ^mU  dbrin 
^iiJ^  muahariih. 

Bope,  i.  J^s^^habl  (pi.  JU>-^  «»•' 

Bope-maker,  Jv^  habhuL 

Bosary,  <.  iL^W«  mM5aA«. 

Bose,  «.  idj^  fcardai  (pL  <ii^^*>;^  «*^ 
dot).  The  hundred-leaTed  rose,  :; 
^^^AMiLt  iPOTi^  mtiAo&to.  The  peer 
rose,^;*««^\  Jji^  frar(7  aZ  Aomlr.  Isi 
water,  Jj^  L«  ffi4  ward.  Ottar  of  nss 
J;^!^^  ^«Yr  al  ward. 

Bosemary,   J-^^  J-1^  tW^    «^  >^ 

Bosin,  ^yli  £0(^iiiiA.     See  Bcsia. 
Bosy,  roseate,  4^0;^  tronft. 
Botation,  ^\j^J  dawaran,  j^J  Antr. 
Bouge,  2r  ,#•«>-  AiM»r«A.    See  PainL 


BOU 


(989) 


ETJD 


tough  (not  level  or  emooth  of  surfiGice), 
^^1^3-  khoikin,  laJii  ghdtlik.  Bongh  of 
temper,  ^  >  Vt  U  h  j  I  r  ghaht  attab^ 
See  Bude,  Bostic. 

loughcasty  <.  or  roagh  draught  or  model, 
jr  J^Mh/t  mutawwadah. 
toughen,  v.  (make  rough),  iaJLC^duix 
^malaho  ghalU ;  (to  grow  rough),  Jia 
laJic  9dr  ghdbM, 

oughly  (with  unpolished  manners), 
Hois.  JG  htkol  ghdl&tat. 

oughnesB,  iU^li  ghaldtat;  (harshness 
of  temper),  ijjJ^j^  khuahnnat ;  (rude- 
ness of  manners),   l^j\  a«Xc  ^adam 

adab,  Xsl^  A«ve  ^adam  xard/at,  JLl^Lc 

oand,   Oi^*.  j^«X«  mtftjavu^or,   j  Jcum^ 

musiadir.     Bound  ahont,  round  and 

round,  J^  howl.     To  turn  round, 

^\o  ddr.    See  Bevolve. 

>ciiid,  «.  iji\*i  ddgirahfj^t}  dawr.    See 

Dircle,  Bing ;  Bevolution.  The  round 

?r  step  of  a  ladder,   ^b>^J  darajah, 

riie  round  or  circuit  made  by  a  guard 

yr  watch,  ijy>  nawhai. 

and,  ado,  J^»>  howl ;  (on  erery  side), 

..^^W  jj^  ^  mtit  koljdnib* 

azid,  9.  (make  round),  ji^X«  ^Ju^e  ^o- 
taiaho  mudawwar;  (to  go  round),  ^tj 
J^.>>  idr  hawl;   (to  become  round), 
^«X^  jlitf  idr  mudawwar* 
inded,  made  round,  jjtV«  mmdawwar. 

xTkdlj  (in  a  round  form),^j«X^^Jdj 
r^Aa^tnmtM^oiiwar;  (without  reserve), 

rigorously),  *i^^^J^  J^  hikoljad- 
wqfahd.  [ness.  Sincerity. 


7» 


ix&dness,  ^  Juf  tadwir.    See  Smooth- 
r.  i*li  tem.     See  Excite. — ^To 


rouse  from  sleep,    ajJ\  ^  JfU  fdt 

min  annaum;  (to  awake  from  sleep), 
/^yi\  ^  ^J^  foggak  min  annawm. 
Bout  (defeat  of  an  army),  Aji^^  tnAisdm, 

X^JJJb  lualmaty  lyS  kasrat 
Bout,  v,J>M*si\jMJi  katar  al  ^kar,  ^yb 

hamam.   See  Defeat.     [See  Defeated. 
Routed,  ^j^  mun}umm,jyJ^  mak^r. 

Boute,  (jijo  tarlh     See  Way,  Bead. 

And  lo,  it  was  the  right  waj.  They  took 
that  roate,  and  oontinaed  their  eoune  the 
same  daj  and  the  next  night,  until  they  had 

traversed  a  wide  tract  of  country,  1  j\i 


Bow,  s.  u^  iaf  (pL  uJ^iitf  ^fttf)* 
Placed  in  a  row,  (^jiL^^  mwtaf. 

Bow,  V.  (a  boat),  cJji  kadaf,  c^Ji 
kaddaf.  [See  Spur. 

Bowel,  «.  jUf«  muhmd%,  JiJii  thawkaim 

Bower,  uJl  Jj  kaddaf,  fc»fAfl><  mukaddtf, 

Boyal,  ^/^  mu/iii&f,  J^^  m/^nf. 

Boyally,  ^j)^  ^y,  hiwajkin  mudtki, 

Boyalty,  JulaL*  iuUamU. 

Bub,  c;.  Ci^  /^^>  <-^^  ^>  ^^"^ 
dl0^«i.  SeeOrind,  Polish,  Scour,  Clean. 

— ^Torub(wearorbewom),  j;«*^«a^. 
Bub,  rubbing,  9,  CJk>-  ^A,  CSSosT  tah- 
klk,  \lj!j3fark.  Bubbing  with  the  hands 
or  between  the  fingers,  CO  fark, 
C^^/j  ta/rik. 
Bubbicdi,  JLL^  kan&$at.  [wdJaf), 

Buby,  9.  c:-^yU  ydk^  (pi.  c:^)^  yo- 
Bude  (uncivil,  brutal),  IxJx  y^Is,  Lj 
kahd.  See  Inelegant,  Bustic,  Bugged, 
Bough,  Harsh,  Savage,  Turbulent. 
Budeness  (brutishness,  incivility),  Uioii. 
ghaid%ai;  (ignorance,  unskilfulnese), 
Aji\  aJls  ^adam  al  ^Im.  See  In- 
elegance, Violence. 


KTJI 


(940) 


BUX 


Badiment  (first  demenfB  of  seience),  (Ji^l 

Oil,  xsciild^tdsh,  \jajt  aUdd. 
Budimeiital,_»y^  $Aarhi,^X^\  at&,etc. 

Bne  (herb),  c^t  Ju^*  taddh. 

Bue,  9.  ujlI'I?  toMftff,  Ju\  ingham.   See 

Lamenti  Griere,  Begret. 
BafBan,  «.  ^<«);»-  A«r<Zmi,  (jij^\  ^l! 

kdti^attarlk     See  ABsassin,  Bobber, 

ICorderer. 
Bd&ed  (diBOompoaed)  <,,^Vi.J><  mutiarib 

(yulg.  ^joyo^  nuMdiki), 

Bag, «.  LluJ  &mA^,  Am^jiJp  tunfuioi.  See 
ICat,  Coverlet,  Carpet. 

Bugged  (rough,  nneyen),  ^;m«£^  iUMAtfi, 
IsuLe  fhallM ;  (as  groiind),^:^  tra^r.  See 
Bongh.^  Bugged  of  teinper,^JaStLJL£ 

ghdlUaitdb^.  See  Morose,  Bade,  Bratal, 
Surly. 
Buggedly,  ij\JLtL  J^  hiiol  khashdna^, 
i^U  J^  bikol  ghaldnai. 

Buggedness,  XJ^lc  gJuddwat^  ij^*L^  Jshu* 

ih^nai.     See  Boughness. 
Bain(destnlction),  i^^^jasrtakhrib,  aJU^ 

A^i^m,  /•^J^^  tfiAu^^m*    A  ruin  (of  a 
building),    ^}js>-   kkardhui,     Buins, 
LZ^\j\  ji^  kharahat 
Buin,  r.  S-'p^  kharab,  /» JJb  hadam.    See 

Demolish,  Destroy,  Overthrow, — (to 
make  poor  or  wretched),  ^^  ^dux 
^ama/oAo/aihfr. 

Bained  (demolished,  overthrown,  laid 
waste),  /»^«Xf«  maAJtZm,  A«Xf*^  mtfii- 
AiM^im,  L^^jS^  fnakhriA ;  (made  poor  or 
wretched),  ^;^/a^Ir,  ^/mIa^  mufiia, 

Buinous  (as  buildings),  i^^y^  kharh&n, 

khardh;  (destruotire),  lJUs^^  mutltf, 
o^  miM^tfT.    See  Pernicious. 


Buinonaly  (peniieioaflly),^^^  u.^  Jaj 

hikolMiJkt  timdmvr. 
Bale  (goTemment,  f  .9.)»  ^^C»-  Ui- 

MO^,  ^i^^hJkm;  (acanon),  ^y  liissii 

M^^jratm,  td^Mkd^idak^hu^ikmh^^ 

A  rule  or  ruler  by  whieh  right  lioei  r 
drawn,  y^Vim^  «it»/«r«A.  Boles,  ^Jy 
iiatodfiffi^  tXft^  ibitod^tii.  Aocofdingk 
rule,  /^j^J^  ^  '*«"'»■  AoMift  orriBia 
19'ot  according  to  rule,  (^y^\  J^  ^' 
tfrriMAm. 
Bule,  r.  ^»^  Xtfitam.  See  GoTecu,  Se 
gulate.  Manage.     To  rule  or  dnv  i 

line  with  a  ruler,  Ja^  smttar.    I  k> 
no  wisli  at  all  to  many ;  for  I  mat  a  pracai^ 


a  BOTei 


rarn,  and  a  queen,  mliag  otb  oe 
people,  ancl  I  desire  not  a  man  to  rale  ot«9i 

i.x^  JU  \Si1  ^^^>H  ^  ^  ^/ 

jj^t  S^  uA:S\  ^le.  Ss^]  m^^  IScH 


Buled  (governed),  fS^\  «^ 

Atftim.    Buled  with  a    mler, 
muioUar. 
Buler,  f.  fS\^  kdkim.  See  (SoTemor- 

A  ruler  for  drawing  lines  (made  l 
parallel  threads  disposed  on  paatcbog: 
ir^kuA^  mMtmrah.    See  Bule. 
Bumble,  v.  J^j  ra^oif,  ^^  JUrlff^.  & 

rumbling  of  the  belly,   ^J^\  i«^- 

karkacat  td  hatn, 
Buminate,  v,  jyLJ  iMiAiMrr.     See  Qu^ 

the  end. — (to  muse),  ^^i^  UfA 

fl.    See  Meditate. 
Bumination  (chewing  the  cud),  J^z^ 

ijtirdr\  (meditation),^^/£r. 

Bummage,  v.  (jm£j  fattoih.  See  Sesfc 

Bumour(news),  «^L2»j^  itoAoraii^ 

(reputation),  c:..^^^  «i/. 
Bumour,  v.  ^U^^  ^«^  tAoy/o^  mki^ 


BUS 


(941) 


SA.C 


tan,  9,  ^joij  rakad.  See  Make  Haste, 
Flj,  Bash.  To  run  away  (flee),  u^ 
1uirab\  (to  flow),  \Jj>'  jora\     And 


when  they  saw  the  troops  they  were  fiightened, 
and  they  ran  away  from  them,  and  fled  to 
those  caves,  while  their  women  and  their 
children  stood  at  the  entrances  of  the  cayes, 

anagate,  ^UjU^UM^ibrlm^na^.  See 

Apostate. 

anaway,  4-J^^U  hdrtb.  See  Fugitiye, 

anner,  «.  u^^J  ^^^*  (swift  mes* 
Sanger),  ,^L»  <a^l.     See  Messenger, 

Courier. 

upture, «.  (breach  of  peace),  ^*^\  .^joSij 

nakadalsulh,  ij\jj&\j\^\  izhdr  al  ^add^ 

wat.  See  Breach,  Hostility,  Enmity, 
War.— (hernia),  j\sjfat4k,  fjsjjutk, 
^3  kurh.  To  be  afflicted  with  a  rup- 
ture, Jh^I  infatak,  (jj^\  inkardk^ 
^^^  aljLtf  B&r  lahofatak, 
apture,  9.  See  Break,  Burst, 
iral,  ,^ji  harfl.    See  Bustio. 

iBQ,  ^du»-  hilah.  See  Artifice,  Finesse, 
ish,  V.  (move  with  violence),  ^j^\ 
ura^n  See  Bun. — To  rush  upon,  ^is^ 

Aa  hajam  ^ala\  See  Assault,  Attack. 

Ind  when  they  saw  ns,  that  we  were  a  small 
company  with  ten  loads  of  presents  for  the 
iiDg  of  India,  they  rushed  on  ns,  pointing 

;heir  spears  at  us,^iJ  ^jo^^  \ij]j  Uli 
^JX^  \^Sib  JUj^-I  ijJ^  \uA^^  JJi 

M        M 

at,  1 J^  9odd. 

stio,  rusticaI(belongingtoth6country), 
<r]^  Jorri.  See  Bnral.— (rude,  un- 
Giu^ht,   inel^ant),  laJl^  gialu,  US 


ihf3d,   .li  faU&h;   (artless,   honest, 

simple),   AjA>r  yAa«Alifi;   (plain,  un- 
adorned), yjLi  »dda» 
Bustio,  8.   -.li  falldh.      See   Clown, 

Countryman,  Husbandman,  Farmer. 
Busty,  jJJLsf*  mt^aiisftr. 

Bye,  jfj^U^/Af^e^r,  IjC^a  ftf^ote. 


S. 


S,  in  English,  has  two  sounds :  one  soft, 
at  the  beginning  of  words,  as  salt;  the 
other  approaching  to  the  sound  of  s, 
as  rose.  In  Arabic  ih  is  expressed  by 
^  (as  ^^0*^  shamif    the  sun'). 

Sabaoth,  iZJj\^  iohdwui.    Holy,  Holy, 

Holy  :  Lord  God  of  Sabaoth,  (jMi^ji 

CJ^jl^l  ^1  c-^t  (jyurjjJ  ^jji.  The 

Sabeans,  ^^l^y  called  also  ^^yuy<Jl» 

Shamtiyun^  or  the  Worshippers  of  the  Sun- 
God,  for  Oid  of  Sabaoth^  understand  the  Snn- 
GKid,  and  assert  that  the  Hebrews  took  this 
name  from  thenL    They  alle^  that  they  are 

called  Sabeans,  ^y^l«^»  and  their  re- 
ligion iZJ^\f^,  Sttbeism,  as  they  wor- 
ship the  Sun-Gk>d,  the  Lord  of  Sabaoth,  the 
one  and  only  Supreme  Sovereign  of  the  Uni- 
yerse,  the  Lord  of  Heaven  and  Earth,  the 
King  of  Angels  and  of  Men,  and  of  every 
created  being,  who  all  combine  to  form  the 
innumerable  productions  of  the  Incompre- 
hensible to  men,  who  is  Comprehensible  only 
to  himself. 

Sabbath,  cu>v»mJ\  Ay^yawm auaht;  (Sun- 
day), tX^XI  |*jj  yawm  d  ahhad,  aj^ 
^i^\  yawm  arrab, 

Sabine,  «.  (tree),  ^L  9dj,  J|j!  dbkdl. 

Sable,  J^t  Mwad.  See  Black.— The 
sable  or  its  foxpjy^^  Mmmfir,  c-;Ucu 
nnjdh» 

Sabre,  t .  u,flj.j  Moyf.     See  Swoid. 

Sacerdotal,  Jy^  iainM.  See  Friestly. 


BAD 


(942) 


SAG 


Sack,  ».  J^^  jawal,  ^jt^  kis.     See 

Bag.— A  large  needle  for  sewing  sacks, 

jLm^  musdllah. 
Sack,   r.   (storm,  plunder,  lay  waste), 

i^^nahab.  gee  Pillage ;  o&o  To  bag. 
Sack  (storm,  pillage),  (^^  nM,  ifjx. 

gharaih.    See  Plunder, 
Sackbut,  #.  (musical  instrument),  ^y>\i 

hdniLn  (pi.  ^^  V  ^^^^"^^y 
Sackdotb,  JL^  hhayih,  {^  »»«^- 
Sacked,  UJ'^f^  manhoh.  See  Plundered. 
Sacker,  L-^Jbl3  ndA»&.   See  Plunderer. 
Sacrament,  (j^J^\  ^byS^^-  nr  a/^r- 
5dn  a/  tnukadda9.  See  Eucharist ;  Oatb. 
Sacred,  jjw  Ji^  tnukaddas.    See  Holy. — 
(inviolable,  interdicted  from  promiscu- 
ous use),  AjS^  muharram ;  (private). 

Sacredly,  USs^  ijlj«^  J^  hikoldiydnat 
wa  hadasaU  See  Religiously,  Inviolably. 

Sacredness,  ^/*»J5  huds,  i^ljj  kiddsai. 
See  Holiness. 

Sacrifice,  i;.  ^^y  fcwraft,  -^J  soiaA. 
See  Kill,  Destroy,  Devote.— A  sacri- 
fice, ^\iji  hurhdn,  Ls^jJ  zahlhat, 
JLs^  dahiyat,  A  place  of  sacrifice, 
^  j^  mwJerA.     Then  she  turned  her 

fkce  towards  her  father,  and  said,  Hast  thou 
seen  any  one  who  oonld  sacrifice  such  a  hand- 

Bomebeing?  uiJlS^  Ifjjl  J\  u:..cxicS\  J 

Sacrificed,  ^^«i^  wkwJfiA.  The  animal 
sacrificed,  i^ui  tahlhai. 

Sacrificer,  ^\i  futhih. 

Sad,  (•^♦*^  moffhrnUm,  ^^„^  hoAn, 
^^jSf^  mahs^an.  See  Sorrowful,  Melan- 
choly, Mournful. 

Sadden,  v,  (make  sad),  ^^^  ahum^  *£ 


gham ;  (to  grow  sad),  ^\  mg^U 

^j  :^^  $dr  mahsAn. 
Saddle,  «.  ^^  «ar;  (pL  ^^r*  "^  ' 

A  pack-saddle,  y*«-»  iomar. 
Saddle,  r.  ^^  <«T?f. 
Saddled,  ^jj/-^  wwrfl;- 
Saddler,  saddle-maker,  ^\/-»  «"'^' 
Sadly,  *c  J^  ^t*o?  yA«i». 
Sadness,  ^  yAam.    See  Sorrow,  M^- 

choly,  Dejection.  But  I  was  trouWediakc 
on  aocount  of  your  absence  firom  me,  ad  r 
sadness  for  your  loss,  and  my  staying  ii  ? 

palace  by  myself,  J^»,«»  ^  Lil  ji^* 

Safe,  JL  sdlim,  )ayisr^  mahjv%,  j^ 

muhml. 
Safe-conduct,  s.  sJdJ  ttakara,  wJ- 

pasdport.    See  Convoy,  Passport 
Safeguard,  ^U>-  Mmdyai,  iL^^ 

nat.     See  Defence,  Protection. 
Safely,  i^SL,  iai^  Jil^  JiloJ  A«fe  p 

Safety,  safeness,  i^La  taldmatj  ^•' 

aamdn,  ^^  ««».  And  we  set  st 
hy  the  permission  of  God  (whose  name  V  - 
alted!).  Fortune  serred  ua^anddesdBfi^ 
us,  and  we  ceased  not  to  prosecute  our  ^^- 

until  we  arrived  in  safety,  ^^j\i  l-y- 
LJJos  Lj  dJtJi\  ll^  J^j  ^l«  J/ 


Saffi-on,  Jl^j  M^ardn,  ^J  i«Hr 
Sagacious,  ij^,  u-;..^^U  wAil  i*^' 

See  Sage.  [«»  "«^ 

Sagaciously,  ^U^^^l^  J^'  Jifo/tfr- 
Sagaciousness,  sagacity,  i^\^J  «is* 

See  Foresight,  Prudence. 
Sage  (wise),  Jilc  ^fiW,  j^X.-  ^ 

uJ;U  ^ar(f.   See  Sagacious,  Pw^ 


SAL 


(943) 


SAL 


hge,  B.  A.^.C'v-  hakim,  t^yJLi  faylaaHf 
(pi.  UX>.  hukamS,  Iaa  ^kaUt,  Ulc 
^tf^omd).    See  Philosopher,     [^hikmat, 

lagely,  iu^^^Jir  J5j  hikol^aklin  wa 

fitnat.     See  Wisdom,  Pradence. 
iagittarias,  sagittarji  \j*t^\  »^jt  hurfal 
kawB. 
taid  (aforesaid),  jf^jbjt  (Hmtakllr.    He 

said,  Jl5  kah  We  said,  Ui  ^/nd.  You 
said,  aiJJ  kultum.   They  said  \j!U  i^d/a. 

ail,  «.  ^Jli  ^/^.  A  ship  rigged  with 
sails,  «JlL«  mukli^ 

ai],  t^.  ^J  ^/a^. 

ailor,  «.  i^jS^,  hahri,  vjy  niZ^i.     And 

the  sailora  bronsht  oat  eTerything  that  was  in 
that  Tessel  to  trie  shore,  fhey  were  slow  in 
taking  forth  the  goods,  while  I  stood  writing 

the  numherof  the  hales,  ^j^^  t^^^ 

unt,  B.  {jt*if^  kadiU.     Saints,  ^^^«amJ  Ji 

JtaddfBin. 

ike  (end,  pnrpose),  Lj  niyat,  Ju^  koBd, 

i^jmok^  maksud,  ^jS.  gharad\  (cause, 

account  of  any  person  or  thing),  i,,,  .^n...^ 

sabab.     For  the  sake  of,  (J^^  liajl. 

For  your  sake,  clil^f  ^  min  ajlak. 

For  the  sake  of  God,   ^  4.^:^  mth 

habhaian  illahi. 

1   ammoniac,  J jl^y  nUBhddir, 

lacious.    See  Lecherous,  Lustful. 

Ia3.f  9'  ^1^  Boldta. 

Laznander,  b,jX>,a^  Bamandar. 

Lary,  b,  Is^  ^H/at,  ^J^  ta^yln. 
^ee  Stipend,  Pension,  Pay. — To  pay  a 
alary,  ij^    Jasl  a^ta'  ^uiu/aL 

^  hay^.  Sale  to  the  highest  bidder, 


j\yt  ffuudd.  To  put  up  to  sale,  J^«x 
j\jy  ^amal  matdd,  [Id  yttbd^. 

Saleable,  &Ljyu5d^.   Not  saleable  ^Lj) 

Salesman,   b.  J)j  daHdl,  c  w  hayyd^. 

See  Seller. 
Saline,  salinous,  ioX/*  maUdhat, 

SaliTa,  jLaJ  or  jLwj  huBdk,  fjij  rfi, 

Ji;  tufl.     See  Spittle. 

Saliva],  salivary,  salivous,  ^J^^j  rikl. 

Salivate,  v.  ^J*ai  hoBak.  [Jdn  arrik. 

Salivation,  (^US  ht^dh,  (JiJ^  (j^^  Baya- 

Sallow,  adf.  yua^  muBfar. — And  when 

she  heard  the  description  of  her,  she  knew  her, 
and  her  conntenance  became  sallow,  and  her 
state  hecame  changed.  So  he  said  to  her, 
O.my  sister,  why  has  thy  countenance  become 

sallow,  and  thy  state  changed  ?  LiJlj 

Sally,  B.  (eruption  of  the  besieged),  (^ys^ 

kujUm,  '^^J^-  khuruj,      [kharaf  ^ala\ 

Sally,  V.  ^Ic  i^  hajam^la\  ^Ar  rrj'^ 

Saloon,  B,  ^li  kd^h. — And  her  father 

occupies  a  large  saloon  helow,  leaving  her 
alone ;  and  often  do  I  yisit  them  :  thou  canst 
obtain  an  interview  vrith  her  only  through  me. 

So  arm  thyself  with  courage,  aJ  ^y^^ 

Salt,  B.  J^  milh.  Salt  or  brackish  water, 
^UU  ma  malih.  In^aiaA. 

Salt,  adj\  J  t«  mdlih.    Salted,  J^^^  mu^ 

Salt,  V.  J^  maUah,  To  oversalt  in  cook- 
ing,^^  JL«  Aax-  ^malahomdlihkatHr. 

Salt-cellar,  «.  l^^^^  mamlahai,  1>X<9 
mdUdhaU 

Salter,  b,  (one  who  Balt8)>^r'^^  mumaUih ; 


SAL 


(944) 


SA]7 


(a  seller  of  ealt),  ^  &  Cj  hayyd^  milh ; 

(a  maker  of  salt),  f^  J^le  ^dmtlmilh. 
Saltish,  JU  mdlih.     See  Saline. 
Saltness,  ^Ji^/»g.  Saltless  bread,  J«^ 

«J  J  khabz  dali^.  [Nitre. 

Saltpetre,  Oji^Ul  ^  milh  al  hdrnd.   See 
Salvation  (eternal  bliss),  ^Jjil  ^jUaJ\ 

aua^dat  al  abadiyat^  ^^  khalas ; 

(escape  from  danger  or  difficulty),  »\sfr 

najdh. 
Salubrious,  i^X^  $alltn,  l^^\  (Ji^^  mt«- 

wdfik  assahhat.     See  Wholesome. 
Salubrity,  lth»  taldmat,  i^\  Jlftil^ 

muwdfakat  assahhat.    Salubrity  of  air, 

\^\  JljCLcl  i^tiddl al  hawd. 
Salve,  #.  AJb^  marAam.     See  Plaster. 
Salver,  s,  ^^^^  sahn.    See  Plate. 
Salvo,  «.  \::„tz^\  iitwtd.    See  Exception, 

Excuse. 
Salutariness,   isAi  fdyidat,  ^X  na/*^, 

Sm^  manfa^L  See  Salubrity,  Whole- 

someness. 
Salutary  (wholesome),  isT^  ^~*  «t«- 

/i%  /t/  iahhat,   ^\J^  shdfi;    (advan- 
tageous), Olj  nd/S^,  jyJu4fnuftd,*iJXa 
iodid.     See  Profitable. 
Salutation,    /*1L»  saldm,    aJumJ   tasllm. 

Salutations,  d^U^LuJ  iaslitndt.  After 
salutations,  i*LJ!  j^ju  &a^(?  ataaldm. 
After  salutations  and  compliments,  Jju 
A^J^m^  i*LJl  &a^(^  assaldm  toal  ikrdm. 

[These  and  similar  phrases  often  begin 

Eastern  letters.] — He  then  rose  from 

his  place  nnd  went  to  them,  and  salated  them 
with  the  hest  salutation;  and  they  hastened 
to  rise  to  him,  they  met  him  in  the  most 
polite  manner,  with  all  honour  and  respect, 

Juij   AfJl jUrf^  ^U^  ^  aU  ^\  mJ 

(♦ir^'jj*  ii^  A^  ttT^'^  *A^^ 


SalatOp  «.  (pay  compliment),  ^^  *iw* 

so/^m  ^«2(i'. — I  passed   by  a  taikr 

sitting  in  his  shop,  I  nlnted  him,  and  he  if 
turneS  the  salutation  and  welcomed  me,  tad 
rejoiced  with  me,  asking  me  the  reason  «f  sr 

having  left  my  own  conntry,  t^^- 

Same,  J^  /«rrf,  ^Jl»  J^  /orrf  «*jr.   Scs 
Eqaal,  Like,  Alike,  Even,  Similar.- 


Of  the  same  species,  «X>-^j 
minjini  wdhid,  or  ^j»t^^  ^^ji  ^^  «* 
ford  jifu.  Of  the  same  religion,  ^p« 
^J  Jj3  minfard  din.  Of  the  atoe 
city,  ^ X«  J^  ^^  mm  ^n?  uMiM 
Of  the  same  colour,  ^j!  «3^  ^r^  »» 
/ir(^  lawn.  Of  the  same  age,^^ix  «y  ^»« 
mtii  /ori  cumr.   At  the  same  time, .  <» 

(ditto),  Labi  tfyifaii. 
Sample,  «.  ^jV^r.  ^ayniyat,  »^Vimi^  •»!<»• 

raA.     See  Specimen. 
Sanative,  ^l^  «Aa/^.     See  Healing- 
Sanctification,^^«^  MAir,^^;«j  jiJ  isiife 

Sanctified,  (jMJkL«  muibMUM. 
Sanctifier,  t .  ^j«.J^  makaddU.     To  k 

sanctified,  (jM<xai  takaddoM. 

Sanctify,  v.  fjuJJ  kaddaa. 
Sanctimonious,  JjIb  ^hid,^^»ijSik$^ 

See  Holy.  [nt 

Sanctimony,  iroL^  ^tSddii^  Z.*^  ji  iH^ 
Sanction,  La.^.>^7  ^ot&l^.  SeeBatifiesticft 
Sanctity,  sanctitude,  ^t  jiibitfiSM^,  ij^ 

tahdrai.     See  Holiness. 

Sanctuary,  «.  (holy  place),  ^^i»Ji^  J^ 
fnahal  mukaddoi,  ^/mSiA^\   c=.vjl  ' 

Sand,  Jl^  rand. 


SAB 


(945) 


SAT 


dal,  «.  f^Mj  na^f  tt^V  ^^^'* 
idarak,  (jmijijOOmi  sandarHt. 
ided  (covered  with  sand),  J^U  ^Jak^ 
mghatU^  hirranU,     See  Barren. 
iderB  or  sandal  wood,  ^}si^  tandal, 
dj  (conaiiting  of  Ba]id)|  ,Xf;  nnn/l; 

hll  of  aand),  J^j  Jd^  hoUaho  rami, 

Uj  JU  maldn  rami 

gainary,  U jd(  ^ILi  M^iK  mWm^. 

ee  Cruel,  Bloody. 

guine  (having  the  eolonr  of  blood), 

19-1  €thnutr ;  (abonndbg  with  blood), 

ji>\  j^  koAr  addam,  ijy*^  dmu^u^ ; 

iill  of  bopesyconfidentywarm),  u«..«««Ef^ 

ua:j   mu^ib  hinafiihi^  J>^  ^^9 

.Jaif^l^-    Atfr  attab^.     See  Eager. 

^oineness,  ^^1  i;!;^  harotrtttattah^ 

fe  Ardour. 

es,  ^  ib^A,  S  jU  mddaL  See  Pas. 

ous,  ^A^  mukayyih. 

^jC>  ^arak,  ^,j^j  nUQhat,  J<a:r^j 
thhat.     See  Juice. 

V.  (mine),  s^^l}  nakah,-  Ji  ^}aa 
nal  loghm.  See  Undermine,  [table. 
iy  ijj\^  <tl  ^^0  md%iy(tt.  See  Pala- 
^nce,  <uX^  hikmai.  See  Wisdom. 
mt.  See  Wise. 
tea,  ^j^  ^U  md^Ao  mdziyaL 
aacioos  (soapy),  ^^,\^\  Ji^  misl 
d^ath  [mat.     See  Taste. 

%  d  jJ  /HUMf,  2j^  mauat  L^  to^- 
ific,  Jutil  ImIs.  [7!^^  m/^^* 

ciire,  «.   J^jt  CL?ylU   ydHi  awrak, 
tness,  ^jU  m&%iyat. 
y.      See  Full  of  Sap. 
BIS,  s«   |J^  ^AoMmvi.     See  Be- 
Eusii,  Oibe  Taunt 

stioal,  sarcastio,  ^c^*^  ^oAoibbiml. 
sticaUy,  J^  J^  hikol  iahakhm. 


*  «Xa^f^. 


Sardel,  sardine,  sordias,  sardonyx  (pre- 
cious stone),  jUAf  ^akik.         [Fillet. 
Sash,  9,  J6^  titnndr.     See  Scarf,  Belt, 

Satan,  ^Ua^il  ahaytdn,  ^ji^\  Mu.  See 

Deril. — And  the  old  woman  said.  I  seek  re- 
fuge with  God  from  Satan  the  stoned  I  Thou 
hast  no  desire  for  men^  how  then  has  love 
affected   thee,   and  made  thee  its  Tietim  P 

^  JW-;^  cH  V  ^^  r^;' 

Sate,  i;.  satiate,  ^^\  athha^,  wJi  <^- 
ha^.  See  Satisfy,  Fill,  Saturate,  Glut, 
PaU. 

Satiate,  satiated,  sated,  ^U^  ihah^dn. 
To  be  satiated,  « 

Satiating,  c\JU\  uhbd^ 

Satiety,  w^  ihahac. 

Satin,  ^^^^mIL^  o^^m. 

Satire,  ^£b^  hafu.  See  Invective,  Irony, 
Bidicule.— To  compose  a  satire,  ^J^x 
ys^  ^amal  hafn.      See  Satirize. 

Satirical,  satiric,  f^ys^  haja^l. 

Satirically,  ^jL  hikol  kqf^,  ^cyj 
i^ys^  binaw^  hajanH, 

Satirist,  9,  ^U  hafi. 

SatirLse,  v.  \s^  hafa,  ys^  J.*r  ^amal 
kaj^.  To  satirize  one  another,  tJuix 
ys^  M^n2  ^amalu  Idba^ikim  kafn. 
Satisfaction  (of  mind),  j^  ^  turHr,  \^j 
rtdd.  See  Content,  Complacency, 
Gratification. — Satisfaction  for  an  in- 
j^n7>  u^^  ^awad,  i\i\Lt  mukd/dh. 
Satisfactorily,  y^^j^^^j^,  hi  naw^n 
muri^.  [faction. 

Satisfactoriness,  Uj  ridd.  See  Satis- 
Satisfactory  (giving  content,  pleasing), 
^\j  rddi,  ^f  fnmrii\    (making 


atonement) 
ataunuh. 


^  yttmkl 


60 


8ATI 


(946) 


BAY 


8aiMed,^\jrddl,jjij*M^mairlir.  See 
Ck>ntent ;  alio  Paid.— To  be  satiBfied, 
L^]jJ^  «dr  rdil. 
Satisfy,  v.  (give  oonteDt),  ^j  rada^.  See 
Satiate.— (to  pay,  fulfil),  ^^  wafa', 
2Ft\pj  jJ^  wafa*  bi^ahdiht;  (to  recom- 
pense),   ii\j\>'  jd%dh;   (to  free  firom 
doubt  or  perplexity),  JU^  i^j  rayyah 
cXbd,l\  (to  convince),  ^i  Jsana^. 
Satrap, «.  <-^  iotrab,  J^Jj^  manah&n. 
Saturate,  v,  »— S»\  a$hhat.  *---J»  «Atf^iac. 

See  FiU,  Satiate. 
Saturated,  ^^Ji  <Aa5^an.    See  Satiate. 
Saturday,  ui.'wJl  >»^  yaum  oMobt. 
Saturn  (planet),  Jj>;j  tahal,  JiySkiw&n. 
Satyr,  «.  J^  gh^l,  ^A^^  i«?aA«A.     See 
Savage.  [mm^W. 

Satyrion  (herb),  Cj^JueJlUari-  ^Amo 
Savage  (unfeeling),  ^tf-»^  ^'^i  "  5*  ^' 
k«Jil\  ghahtdlMhj  iAsJ^\  ^^^  ^im 
ashshafakat  See  Cruel,  Fierce.— (un- 
civilized, rustic),  ^^5*^*^^  iraA^Al,  ^^ 
Jijfrl.  See  Wild,  Uncultivated.— A 
savage  (wild  man),  ^0^*^} ^wi  *»- 
«fin  wahihl,  A  savage  beast,  (^A*"j 
waUh  (pi.  (^y>-^  »aAfl«A).  To  savage 
or  make  savage,  ^/^^  ^iL«£  ^ama^aAo 
traA<A. 
Savagely  (cruelly),  i^AA^lj  lUd  shafakat. 

See  Barbarously,  Wildly. 
Savageness  (barbarousness),  J^LJ  ^Md- 
wat,  i4>^j^\  aA£  ^dM^am  a^  marhamat. 
See  Cruelty. — (wildness),  i-fi*^^  waA- 
aAana^. 
Sauce,  a3^  maraka. 
Saucer,  «.  ^G^  ^«i\^ kdieh  Itl  maraha, 

Sauciness,    L>-Xii   hUlat   hayd.      See 
Impudence,  Pertness. 


Saucy,  Cr^jt  lb  hOd  adab.  SeelmHol 
Pert. 

Save,  r.  (preeerve  ftom  evil),!ato^  W* 
See  Preserve.— (protect),  ^^  i« 
(set  free),  ^^/i^  JthMu.  T«  a^ 
(not  to  spend  or  waste,  to  lay  by),  ^ 
waffar,jJy  Jaa  ^amalimfv.  ^ 
Beserve. — (to  spare  or  excuse),  > 
^  j^a/a  ^tf»,  ^^  yAij/flf  Ws.  fe 
Pardon.—  Save  you !  Qad  aare  jw 

Save  (except),  \j^\^  md^addfj^f^ 

]|\  tZJoE.  I  have  fallen  into  the  ob 
of  thy  love,  and  become  of  the  mimlw  ^  - 
victims.  The  love  that  thou  h»bt  is  c» 
ferred  to  me,  and  there  remains  not  a^' 
it  with  thee,  save  as  mucb  as  the  taotb  fb:  : 

what  I  have,  cJ'y^vif^  J  ^^. 

Saved  (preserved  from  evil),  ]af^^ 
fa%;  (not  spent  or  wasted,  Uiii 
^b  5a Al,  yi^  muwaffmr.  See  ^ 
served. — (protected),     -a^^  ««** 

(set  f5ree),  ^^^-s^  » 

or  excused),  jj»X*^  ma^iir  w* 
m«^a/.  The  excess  of  thy  coTetoiHK«* 
eager  desire  have  entrapped  thee  into  <Jes« 
tion,  since  thou  hast  fallen  into  s  pit  ^ 

which  thou  wilt  never  be  saved,  ^ 


^' 


.^^V. 


Saver,  «.  (preserver  from  evil),  -' 
Aq/Ss,  aLm^  muioUim,  etc. 

Saving,  «.  (of  expense),  ^-iy  ^' 
(somewhat  preserved  from  heinf  ?' 
or  wasted),  ^b  hdkh  SeeBeaai^ 
Beservation."— (exception),  vi> 


SAT 


(947) 


SCA 


avingly    (panimo&ioualy),  jii*^  J^ 
^y^  Inkol  iadblr  wa  Umflr, 

avingneBB   (parsimony),  ^JJ   taiShlr^ 

^y  tawfir. 

adoor,    «.    (^^^dLsr^    mukhalliii      Our 


Saviour  Jesus  Christ,  c^.amjIjJl^ 

4^»ma^\  ioyyidnd  ya9ik^a^ma9iht\:0^A^ 

mukhaUisna, 

iTOT,  if  jkl  lassMaif  Zijiff  ta^mat.      See 

Taatei.  Flavour,   Smell.— Of  a  bad 

savor^  ^^fflalt  i^Jj  rail  atta^mat. 

ivor^  V.  (have  the  taste  of),  ^iCujil^ 
tactaataho,  «xJl  t/^s.;  (to  give  a  taste), 
jj  jj  iiL^fi  ^offksZfV^  2asls,  jJ  ^ 

ivorily,  ifiJ  JG  Mkol  lauat,  <U«Lr  J^ 
^i^  iaofnat.  [grance. 

ivoriness,  iijj  ^huui^.  See  Savor,  Era- 
ivory,  jj  jJ  knit.    See  Fragrant. 

lasage,  «.  jLx^  tnanbdr,  0^»A^  mUhj. 

iw,  j?rtf^.  0^  see;  as,  I  saw,  dJ^ 
namart;  thoa  sawest,  CJ^  nazart; 
he  saw,  Ja3  nasor;  we  saw,  \jjaj 
tazamd ;   you  saw,  (^^Joj  fuuarUtm  ; 

they  saw,  \jjaj  luaarU. 

w,  8,  jIwLJi^  mtmhdr,     A  hand-saw, 

Skj^luJ^  miruhdr  yad.     The  handle 

»f  a  saw,  j\»mV4>11  Jj  yoi  a/  mtiMAdr. 

^longing  to  a  saw,  (^ULj^  mtiM^ri. 

;r,  V,  jLJ  nashoTm 

irdnst,  ^luJ  m>^raA. 

vyev,  8,jJ^\j  ndshir, 

%  r.  Jli  kdl.     See  Speak,  Tell>  Re- 

ite. — They  say,  \^^  yakulu;  it  is 

iidy  Jm3  hi.     Then  he  said  to  him, 

idjBt  thou  hear,  0  my  son,  vhat  I  and  thy 
other  iaid  respecting  the  Qneen  Jobarah, 
id.    our  mention  of  her  qualities  P    And  he 


iid,  Ye8,^jij\i  ts-^JM-  Ja  aS  JlS  |J 


Mfu  JUi  IfjUjS  l|/(i^  V^^  ^S^Xtlt 

Saying,  say,  «.  a)1^  ibJdm,  JlL«  mti^d/^ 

Jy  ibtr/;  (he  said),,  JU  iW;  (she 
said),  (j:Jld  kdUU, 

Scab  (a  disease),  t^^jaroB. 

Scabbard,  s.  uJlc  yhUdf,  (^jLaJI  (j:,.^ 
5a5it^  M«a5^,  Jb«^  ghamd.  See  Sword- 
sheath,  [^ifirad  (fern.  bj>-  jarhd\ 

Scabbed,  scabby,  ^,j>'jarhdn^  ^^^ 

Scabbedness,  scabbiness,  im^j>'  jarab. 

Scaffold,  «.  iSJ^  tabakat  (pi.  c^IaJ:^ 
^o&xA^^);  (for  building),  jUjJ)  ^Um& 
skdlat  id  ^mdr ;  (for  execution),  ZilLA 

Scale,  s,  {or  bason  of  a  balance),  jLi 
^tj^t  fdjt  almltdn.     ^  scale  of  a 

fish,    jjji  ;Sft    (pi.    5jyy|^  fidHi).      A 

scale  or  gradation,  is^-jJ  darajat ;  (a 
thin  plate),  ii:>j  iandkaU 

Scale,  0.  (fish),  {jSA^SjtihiihrMsafnak. 
Scaled,  scaly,  {jm^  A  hhofidnt. 

Scales,  ^|j^  mUdn  (pi.  ^jij^y  mawd^ 

sfn).     See  Balance.  [Onion. 

Scallion,  «.y.a£>»l  J^oj  hoiolakhdar.  Sea 

Scammony,  nJyi^^^  mahmUde, 

Scandal,    kISJ^   shak,    is^Uii  faiihaU 

See  Infamy,  Disgrace.  —  (reproach), 

a!L%  maidm,  i>mm^*r.  ^h. 

Scandalize^  v.  (lX&  ^Jacl   a^tt^  shak. 

See  Beproach,  Calumniate. 
Scandalous  (infamous),  c,i>%j,ff^  mu^lb, 

^^^^  mu/dih.  See  Ignominious,  Shame- 
ful.— (opprobrious),  jU  ^dr . 

Scandalously  (infamously),  ^s_-''  J^ 
jU^  &A^/  ^itn  ifftf^dr.  See  Shame- 
fully. [JUi  hikol  kiUat. 

Scantily,  scantly  (not  pleateously),  J^ 


•8CA 


(948) 


SCH 


ScantiiiG8B»  BcantnesA  (narrowneas,  want 
of  space),  iSu^  dikat;  (want  of  plenty), 
iSjkOlaL 

Scanty  (narrow,  wanting  amplitude), 
JUi  dayffik ;  (wanting  plenty),  JJi 
kalll     See  Niggardly,  Scarce. 

Scantling,  #.  (a  quantity  out  off),  XkIoj 
hat^ai;  (a  small  pieoe),  ij^jS  hatrat. 
See  Fragment  [Escape. 

Scape.     See  Escape. — To  scape.     See 

Scapula,  t^Jci  hUf.   See  Shoulder-blade. 

Scapulaiy,  ^Jdi  hUf%, 

Scar,  f.  6^J  ddgh. 

Scar,  V.  ^Ij  J«4C  ^amal  ddgh. 

Scarce  (not  plentiful),  JJJ  hM,jJ^j^ 
ghayr  iSmir;  (rare,  not  common),  jjl3 
n&dir.  To  be  or  become  scarce  (not 
plentiful),  Ji  hd^  JJi  jU  9dr  ioM; 
(rare),  ^  jU  j\^  sdr  nddir.  To  make 
scarce,  JJJ  kaUal.  [Hardly. 

Scarce,   scarcely,    J^^   hOjahid.    See 

Scarceness,  scarcity,  kc''  hahlf  iJj  ktUat. 
See  Penury. 

Scare,  «.  ^^  jLb  hawwal  ^M,  4_5^ 

khawwaf.     See  Frighten.         [Mi^d/. 
Scarecrow,  «.  isojoeT  takhwlfat,  JLc^ 
Scarification,  ^  *mJ  toAri^. 
Scarifier,  ]ffjJL^  mmharrit. 
Scarify,  9.  S?^  iharrat 
Scarlet,  \Jj^^  kirmitl.    See  Bed. 

VN^  W 

Scatter,  9.  c:  ^'i  A  thattat,  ^jh  farrak. 
See  Sprinkle,  Disperse. — (to  be  dis- 
persed),  u:..CLaJ  tashatia^,  ^yO  fafar- 

rah.     See  Scattered. — Then  he  opened 

tfae  two  leathern  ban,  and  took  forth  from 
them  the  jewels  and  ouer  things,  and  ncattered 
them  before  the  King,  aitdBaid  to  him,  0  Kioj^ 
of  the  Ag^,  perhaps  thon  wilt  accept  mypresent, 
and  show  nronr  to  me,  and  oomfort  mj  heart 

by  accepting  it  from  me,  ,^ui  iJi\  mJ 


AiiiJ, ,  JJJJb  J-S;  cJLx  Jvii' 

Scattered,^^^:^!^  mmtiMffr,  ^.1:^  ai»^ 
ihar,  g[;0^^  mim^ffrf .        [&t2a  asfat 

Scatteringly,  u-^^  3b  ^tTa  ^orH^,  fXa;  I 

Scene,  f.^^la:^  ffwmsor.  See  Theatre  ;m 
Display,  Prospect. 

Scent  (power  of  smelling),  Jul2j!  1 J  h- 
wot  ashshdmat,  mJ^  ^hamm;  (o&mr.goK 
or  bad),  ^bsr\j  r&yihat.     See  SmeL 

Scent,  9.  (perceire  by  the  nose),  ^  <i» 
See  Smell. — (to  give  a  scent  to),^^' 
haJMhar.  See  Perfume.— To  gite : 
smell,  A^  ^lamwuim. 

Scentless,  iser\j  ^U  m^iMo  rdyikti. 

Sceptre,  t.  Cil«l\  c, n,^^  ia^aimi 

Schedule,^ J  daflar,  i^^  kayimti. 

Scheme,  »,  (purpose),  fjOjC^  ghmraij  ^ 
hasd,  t}yaLt  maks^.  See  Design.  Ii- 
tention,-^(project,  plan),^^  JJ  t^ 

Schemer,  i,  jJX*  mudtMir.  See  Fr- 
jector.  Contriver.  [Henr 

Schismatic,  ^^iT^Aar^dAi.  SeeHoca 

Sehismatical.     See  HereticaL 
Scholar,  # .  (disciple),  Jl£  i,^^UUh^\ 

Ju^AJ  to/mfs;  (a  learned  man),  »* 

t..?««,  ^  *-*!«,  ^  ^-.   :* 

entrance-money    of    Bcholara, 

Scholarship,  Jx  ^An,  i^JjK?  ia^iSm.  Si 

Learning,  Education,  Study. 

Scholastic,  soholaaiieal,  ^■♦Att?  if  Jiri 

Scholiast,  $.j0MSU9nm/as»ir,  ^|^  d^«*4 
See  Commentator.  I 

Scholium, «.  (note),  i^  W  A«UAiy«^,^/ 
tharhfj^f^Jj  taftlr.    See  CommeDtacy 


j^ 


800 


(949) 


SCO 


chool,  $.  L-  "'■>  •»  mal^  (pi.  l_»jIC« 
maidtib).  A  public  school,  Lajiiut  ma- 
drtuat  (pi.  )m;1  iX*  DMMlarM).  SeeCollege. 
ohool^r.  jLc^tf/bM.  Seelnstrac^Teaoh. 

chool-boy,  «.  i,,^^  jjj  i^tf&M?  mMab. 
See  Scholar. 

oboolfellow,  «.  jM»i;  ro/tit. 
shoolmaster,  «.  Ly>cC^  Jjt^  mM^aStm 

siatioa  (hip-goot),  Um:^^  j^  ^iri  «iifi»d. 

fat.  See  Xnowledge. — ^Practical  and 
epecalatiye  sciencei  iJ/^j  lJ-^^  A^ 
^ilm  ^mah  wa  nmari.  Sdenees,  ^^ 
^tJflifi,  uJ;U^  ma^drif,  ^^^  fimttn. 
The  abatraot  sciences,  JL^O^I  (*^^ 

ientifioi  soieDtifical,  ^^^I^  ^t7mf . 
ientifically,  ^Jmll  Jx|yl  u^-c^^  ^La 

^oilei'  Milftil  lawa^  al  ^ihn, 

imitary  •.  uJ^  ioyf.    See  Swotd. 

intillate,  ir.  ^  Wtfifc.      See  ^park, 

Sparkle. 

intillation,  j^  itfri^.     See  Spark. 

[on,  $.  f/Z^f     ^  Twig. 

LBSOrS,  ^/oLt  OTOJbM. 

>ff,   V.     Ac  jif**^  tamaslhar  ^M, 

jy^>^\  t9taku^.   See  Eidioole,  Deride, 

iibe. 

>£E^  «.   JI^J  toAoUiisH  Ijf^f  iitikLd. 

\ee  Gibe,  Taunt,  Irony,  Bidioole. 

!i2AtiX^,  ^^jf"***-^  mmUha.  [Scoffer. 
iffing,  fori.  4^^JfUyMt  mtit^ta.  See 
(ffingly,  ]jfu«*lj  if  ii^ttel. 

Jl0  t^^  t^'^  ^^l:x  Ji^bC  ^amioA 
itab-     See  Beproaob,  Beyile. 


Scolding,  <.  c^JcLs  ^<M3.  Scolding  letter, 
Soolopendra  (a  kind  of  serpent),  ^Jif^,J^  A 

Sconce, «.  (pensile  candlestick),  ^  JjiaJ^ 
Mham^ad&n.     See  Head,  Mulct,  Fort. 

Sconce,  v.     See  Mulct,  Une. 

Scoop,  «.  ^jfL^  maghrafat. 

Scoop,  V.  (lade  oat),  <— i^  gharesf;  (to 
cnt  hollow),  uJ^>-  jawwaf. 

Scope  (aim,  intention,  drift),  ^  nlya^, 

»ud,  ^jo^  gharad;  (the  thing  aimed 
at),  ^;ImJ  nwAdfi.  See  Mark,  Butt. — 
(freedom  from  restraint),  j\p^\  ikhti' 
ydr.  See  Liberty,  License,  Boom,  Space. 
Scorch,  9.  ^1^  harak,  l^^LSi  thakoat. 

Scorched,  t^Lbu^  ifUM^o^a^.-  To  be 
scorched,  t^LuJ  tasMwat. 

Score,  #.  (line  drawn),  Lfi>-  l^i^,  Ja^a 
iotr ;  (on  account),  wjLa»-  hUdh ;  (a 
d®^0>  u;£<^  <{!tiy»;  (reason,  motiye), 
t^.^*-*  sabah,  f^^r^y  m^fib,  Js^\  afL 
To  score  (mark  by  a  line),^L«i  iattar. 

Scorn,  9.Ja^\  ihiaiar,  ^Ut  ahUn.  See 

Despise,  Sooffl 
Scorn,  ij\jb\  ikdnai,  ij\A^  Kakdrat^jJ^ 

iMar,  j\h»^\  Mtkdr.  See  Contempt, 

Scoff. 
Scorned,  ^lf«  muhdn,  jSs>^!^  muktahar, 
Scomer,  9.  ^^j^;^  muklniys.s^  mtMMr. 

SeeSooffisr. 
Scomfrilly,^Ui:»-t  Jij  htol  ihUkdr. 

Scorpion,  s.  fmjfji^  ^•irvb  (pi.  S-^Uc 
^aidrib)f  fern,  ^^aa  uiira&f^  (fem.  pi. 

kZj\9ji£>  ^akrdbdi).    The  oonstellatioa 
Scorpio,  L^jA/i]  .^ji  bmy  al  ^dkrdb. 

Scorpion  grass,  CJ»;UffIl  uJ^  iaf  ol 
^akdrib. 


8CB 


(950) 


BCB 


Sooundrel,  i.  (J J  iml^  fjJ^  fiivk^  j^ji^ 

iharir.     See  Yillain,  KnaTe. 
Soour,  V.  {rub,  in  order  to  clean),  Ji^ 

mtkal,  tf**^  matah.    See  Scmb,  Polish, 

Rnb,  Clean,  Bleach. 
Sooarer,   $,   Jil^  $dkii,   JU^  $(Mdl. 

See  Polisher;  oho  Purge;  Scamperer. 
Scoured,  iXst*  mufalk^,  -^■■■■■♦^  mantiilh. 

Scourge,  «.  i^jJL*  makra^h,  )ffy»  sawt 
(pL  ^\^\  oiwdt).  See  Lash,  Whip. — 
(an   oppressor,   tyrant),    JU0   sdJtm; 

(punishment),  l^^Jat  to^sfo,  ^^A£ 

Scourge,  v.  t>lfif-  /n&ii.    See  Lash. 
Scout,  ».  {juyJ^jdiHi,     See  Spy. 

Scout,!;.  ^yMi^MO^^VMta<,^^«»Mii  istaihhar. 

See  Spy,  Explore. 
Scowl,  V.    See  Frown,  Pout. 
Scrap,  8,  ijJ^  haar^,  2iSJ^  ihuk/at,  XtJiai 

kit^L  See  Fragment,  Crumb,  Particle. 
Scrape,    «.    (perplexity),    ijt»-    hlrai, 

JiLu4^  nuuhkal. 
Scraped,  {li^^  mahkai.     See  Erased. 

Scratch,  0.  tlJi^  hah, — And  when  she  sat 
down  witb  her  mistreflSy  #ke  scntohed  her  head, 
and  said,  0  m^  mistresB,  wilt  thon  search  into  my 
hair  P  for  it  is  a  loog  time  sinoe  I  hare  entered 

the  bath,  i^J  Ju^  Joa  cu^mJlj*-  Uli 


Scratch,  «.  O^  Aai(,  u^j^SosT  to^ib. 
Screen,  «.   ^^l^  A^Vl^.     A  screen,  or 
riddle  to  sift  gravel,  etc.,  J U^  ghirh&l. 
Screw,  «.  _i^  ^ir^Af,  l--Jj1  lawlah. 
Scribe,  «.  w^l^  iWiS  (pi.  c-^is^  ib«^^3. 

Scrip,  8.  ^jjuu^  jti«.    See  Bag,  Purse, — (a 
small  writing),  ituj  ruk^at. — ^I  entered 


it,  empty  ef  waUela,  ^parent  of  porstr  ai 
destitation,  with  no  means  of  mskeoaaoe  asf 
poiwcwion,  and  not  a  monthlnl  ia  ny  a:^ 

Scripture,  h^  kii&bat.  See  WntzB§.- 
The  Holy  Scripture,  ^)  |Ji)  ia^^ 
aOah,  ^j.mJ\  i^\s^\  ahiUhdw 
kaddoi,  ar^^yJt  al  tawrdh;  (the  5ii 
Testament),  i^yS^\  J-a^J'  ^^'^ 
athihartf,  J^^xJ^  Jk^<*/^«WW^ 

Scrofula,^jliJ^  ^y^maradtihkMKSB 
^)j^  MrSjah,    See  King's  evil 

Scrofulous,  jdj^^  v/ir*  ^  ^  ■•* 

al  ihandzir. 
Scroll,  «.^J  daftar,  LuM  idjfmd. 

Scrotum,  $.  ;<^'  {y^  **« •^ *^ 

Scrub,  «.  ui^  Aoi^.  To  scrub  wsC 
Cjis^  tahakiak.  See  Bxth,  ^ 
Clean.  [A«^ 

Scrub,  <.  (mean  Mlow),  ijj  iM>»j«'^ 

Scrubbed,  scrubby.  See  Mean,  Tiki 
(rubbed,  scoured),  C/^(v^  mMi  j 

Scruple,  f .  uX&  iAoi,  a>^  wahm^  ^»y 
tooiwdi,  (^\^j\  irttfdh.  Seem 
Irresolution. — Without  a  scruple  J 
5_L^^-*  ji^  min  ffhayr  iatkdibi,  | 
scruple  in  weight  (twenty  grsins),  J) 
i^rai. 

Scruple, «.  j^tby  iawakhmm,  ^y^f  H 
t9M,  uX&  #Aa£.   SeeBoubtyHeall 

Scrupler,  «.  J^Ijt^  msMJisUti,  ^^ 
mutawatwii,  .)L«  (jmU  iidi  sMJoi 

Scrupulous,  ^^^^-y  won^djf,  ^}^^ 

See  Cautious. — (nice,  exact),  J 
mudakkik,  J^«3J  L,^.^ok^L9  «dU 
Scrupulously  (cautioudy),  ^'^ 

c^UJ^I  JL  hikol  irii^ah ;  (e 


SEA 


(951) 


SEA 


bikol  ifiihdd  toa  tadJdh. 
crapalousness,  ^  J^^S^  UMaI  kottl. 

cratable,  fjas^\  JjU  kdhil  alfahi. 
crutiny,  scratation,  ^^asr  fahi,  ^joi^ 

ta/ahhut,  ci-o^  hahi.     See  Ezamina- 

tion,  Investigation, 
cmtineer,  scrutator,  i.  ^^a>^\i  fdhii. 

See  Examiner,  Inquirer,  Searcher, 
crutinise,    v.    j;JjJ  JG^^^a^  faluu 

hikol  tadlAk.     See  Examine,  Inquire, 

Search.  [amined. 

crutinised,  ^yssf^  mafk^.     See  Ex- 
cratoire,  (LiL^  makidbat.    See  Bureau, 
call.     See  SknlL 
calpture,  ^Jitsu  nakih,  jS?  fahr.    To 

sculpture,  ^^  fahar.     See  Ganre,  En- 

graye. 

»cam,  i^j  raghwat, 
^currily  (vilely),  ^^i»A»-^6^  hi  naw^in 

hal^r.     See  Meanly,  Basely,  Coarsely. 

Icurvy   (vile),  jJk»~   haHar,  <J*^  ^^h 

jjji\yJi^^  hahlralkadry  ^j»^mM*<  khatU, 

See   Mean,  Contemptible,  Worthless, 

Sorry. — (disease),  d^Si\  c\mi  foidd  aiU 

dam,  ]0^jyL»\  oik^huL 

•cntcheon,  t.  {j^y  tun.    See  Shield. 

•cutiform  (like  a  shield),  ijt»^\  J^ 
mist  aUuTB. 

<:atile,  f .  (J^Jj  Monbll.  See  Basket— 
(a  grate),  ^joij  kafoi.    See  Lattioe. 

ea,  *'^'^.  hahr  (pi.  j^,  ^tcAilr,  jla^\ 
ahhafy  jot^  abhur).  The  Indian  or 
Green  Sea,  ^r^^St^  hahr  al  akhdar, 
j^\jar^  hahr  al  hind.  The  White  or 
Mediterranean  Sea,  ^ja^^\ja^  hahr  al 
ahyad,    /^^J\ja^,  hahr  arrHm.     The 

Black  or  Enxine  Sea,  JjJiSjO^,  hahr 
al  aiwad.    The  Persian  or  Blue  Sea, 


{ji»J^\^tr  hahr  al  Jurt,  j»a:>i\ja^, 
hahr  al  akhdar.     The  Bed  Sea, 


i\  hahr  al  ahmar,  >»pLiSt^^  hahr 

al  kuhum.  The  Caspian  Sea,  j^t^^o^ 
hahr  al  khaaar.  The  Sea  of  Mecca, 
fjo^jsi\ja^  hahr  al  ^urUd.  The  Bead 
Sea  or  Sea  of  Lot,  ^^^jS^  hahr  Int. 
The  two  seas,  ^^^^  ^  hahrin, 
[These  will  apply  to  any  two  seas,  as 
the  East  Sea  and  the  West,  the  Me- 
diterranean and  Enxine,  etc.]  Sea  and 
land,  ji^js^  hahr  tea  harr.  By  sea 
and  land,  \j)^  \jss:*^  hahran  toa  harran. 
Belonging  to  the  sea,  1^/3^  hahri. 
On  the  sea-shore,^^£cJ^  J>-Lmj  hitdhU 
al  hahr.  The  ebb  and  flow  of  the  sea, 

i|9-j  X«  madd  toajaar.     I  took  plea* 

■ore  in  aea-TOjages ;  and  my  town  was  on  the 
shore  of  an  extensi? e  sea,  iaterspened  with  a 
a  great  number  of  Urge  and  extensiye  islands, 


i^j 


j'^\  lo-trfj  ^J»     And  he  proceeded 

along  the  track  for  days  and  niffhts,  until  he 
approached  a  roaring  sea,  agitatea  with  wares ; 
and  the  footmarks  reached  to  the  shore  of  the 

sea,  and  there  ended,  4^  V^^  {}ji  A^ 

Sea-breeze,  9>j^\  m^  tuuiim  al  hahr, 

j^\  )yb  hawA  al  hahr. 
Sea-chart,  m.j^\  ItjU^  kh&rtatalhahr. 

Sea-ooast,^^l  k:i  $haU  al  hahr,  J^U 
^1  s&hU  al  hahr.     See  Coast. 

Sea-compass,  #•  A^U  iLLi  kihlat  ndmah, 
ijii\  uu^  hayt  al  ihrat,  ^y^^  hoiola. 

Seafaring,  ^jo^,  hdhriyahm    A  seafaring 


man. 


hahtl. 


SEA 


(952) 


SEA 


Sea-fight»  #.  i^ja^,  ^J^  ^^  hakrl. 
Sea-fowl,  «.  t^jo^j^  iayr  Uihfl, 
Bea-girt,^b  ]o\m^  muh&t  hU  hahr. 
Sea-grees,  i^jasrj^aS^\  ahhdar  bahri. 
Sea-hone,  a^j^^  ^jMji  /arat  al  hahr. 
Sea-maid.     Bee  Sea*nyinph,  KermaicL 
Seaman,  m,  k^f^.  hahrl.     See  Mariner. 
Sea-mark  or  beacon,  «.  j^U  ^U]U  ^ala- 

ffwt  hil  hahr,  ij\i^  mandrai. 
Sea-monster,  #.   i^jOf^  ^j^^t^  ka^wdn 

hahri.  [US  t  kjL^  hwt  almd. 

Sea-nymph,  #•  j^\  ij:^:j  hint  al  hahr, 
Sea-port,  «.  JLLCil  askalai,  iu^  mlnat 

(pl'  {js^  miyan). 
Sea-riak,^!^^  khatar  al  hahr. 
Sea-room«  e^^^V*  ^^^f^  ^Lu^  nuud/at 
Sea-shell,  8.jsci\  i^j^  iodafalhahr. 
Sea-shore,  sea-eide.     See  Sea-ooast. 
Sea-sickness,  jgs^\^Jij^  ia$hwUh  al 

hahr, 
Sea-eerpent,  i»jsci\  £1^  hayyat  alhahr. 
Sea-service,^^^!  ^  JlcL  hhidmat  al  hahr. 
Sea-surrounded,^^  ^j^  hawlaho  hahr. 

See  Sea-girt.  [water. 

Sea-water,^^lUin^tf/5aAr.   See  Salt- 
Seal,  8.  Aifi^  khaim.    A  seal  ring,  Jflfl^ 

hh&Hm.  See  Eing. — A  keeper  of  the 
seals,  j\^j^  muhrddr.  The  seal  of 
Solomon,  ^UmLj  dj\ai^  ihdtim  $olay^ 
mdn.  To  break  or  open  a  seal,  CS^ 
a1^!  fakk  aikhatm. 

Seal,  V.  fP.s^-.  khatam. 

Sealed,  /^f^s:^  fnakhtitm. 

Sealer,  i.  ^^:Lsr^^JJf  allaai  yakhium. 

Sealing-wax,  ^^4i>>1  w«m&  iham^  ahmar. 

Seam,  s.  (sewing  which  joins  the  edges 
of  cloth),  Jlaa)  la/kat,  ijjO  darxat, 
^U^  khiydtai.  [khayyai. 

Seam,  v.   jJi  la/ak,  jjj  daraz, 


Seamstrasi,  $.  4LlL>.  kkayf&U.  [iA 
Seamy,  ial^  muikayyai,  ^L^  ttyc- 
Seamless,  ^ua^^\^  ladkA  Mtidyyti 
Sear,  v.  J^^X^U  i// kaw^  hQludiL  Sb 

Bum,  Cauterize. 
Sear,  m.     See  Dry. 
Sear-doth.     See  Plaster. 
Scarce,  f .  Jar  nakhal.    See  Sift 
Scarce,  «.  Ji^Ut  munkhul  (pL  J>-^ 

mofidMiT). 

Search,  v.  ^^f attach,  jJ^\  M^' 

v,i^ng7  ^Am.  See  Examine,  Enqn 
Probe. — And  he  has  sent  in  eTery  diitc&r 
search  for  thy  ton  and  the  Qaeen  J^ititia 
we  hope  to  get  tidings  from  them  in  the  sdc*! 

time  and  the  shortest  while,  Jui;  -V; 
Search,  j^^ci:*'  tafahhm,  ^J^  ^!^ 

yuauSfT      tafU98Ulf       k1j\^\     t^ 

JLssiJ  iiUkhhdr,  ^^..oic  ^  J 
fahi.      See    Enquiry,    Examiotti^ 
Quest,  Pursuit. 
Searoher,  f .  ^Jcju*  nmfaUkh^  c> 
UhU,  ^ja:>^\l  fahu.     See  Env*^ 


*  i" 


Searohed,  ^;£ai<«  mufatUulL 
Season  (of  the  year),  J^oi  >M  »«^ 
matMom;  (time),  u:.*^^  <mI:^  ^"' 
aowan.  See  Time.— The  foar  iei0 
of  the  year,  ijQj\  J^t  ^y«^'' 
arha^at.   At  a  proper  season,  in  «i^ 

tmsHamdn  a{  miMdw;6.  SeeSeasotf^' 
-^Ont  of  season,   ^i«^^  M^ 
mahaUiki,   See  Unaeasonablj. 
Season,   e.   (food),   Jilij^4^/ 


BEG 


(953) 


SBC 


^hdr.  See  Eelish. — To  season  (ao- 
snstoin  one  to  anything),  iJ^  *^^ 
'^munoai  ^la* ;  (to  become  accustomed 
to  anything),  ^ic  jli^l  %^4  ^«2a'. 

asonable,  As^  himahattihi,  ij:^^\f 
i^^.^\^\  hU  waht  al  mundnb.  Bee 
Proper. — It  is  not  seasonable,  ^J^  1  JJb 
isj^^  L«  hastd  thay  md  ha  waktoh, 

asonablenessy  ^J^\  \J^J3  ^^^^  ^^^ 
^a,aman  a»UUy,  ^\  cuJj  i-U 
nundtahat  icaJU  et$hihay.  [mdhallahi. 
asonably,  ^d.^^^^  ^j    J  fl  waktihi  wa 

asoned  (as  food),  ^Jilj^^  ^^  i^^^j^ 

}\^^  WMrthiUh  mUh  wajidfd  wa  hahdr; 

accustomed),  ^Jlc  ^^^  mutarahhl 

.ala\  ^Jl£  j\iJL^  mu^d  ^M. 

at,  #.  (chair,  etc),  ^^  ImrH  (pi. 

^\^  kar&A). 

at,  V,  a,  (cause  to  at  down),  tM  ia^^ 

Mdy  ^jJ^jMoi.    And  I  acquainted 

hem  not  with  my  caw,  nor  returned  any 
inswen  to  their  questions ;  and  they  wept  for 
ne,  and  were  yery  sorrowful :  and  an  old 
roman  entered  my  room ;  and  as  soon  as  she 
iBW  me,  diseoTered  my  state:  therefore  she 
leated  herself  at  my  head,  and  addressing  me 

n  a  kind  manner^  said  ...  jjI  J  Ulj 

C^  Juui  ^\>-  \{»\  r  _AfiL 

iward,j^\^£CU  Unahn  al  bahr, 
yede,  v.  ^jLsJi  ihhiala\     See  With- 

Iraw,  Betire,  Dissent.  [senter. 

»der,  B,  iJ^SLK^  mukJUati,    See  Dis- 

seasion,  J|j&fit  i^uULl,  it^  J^alwat, 
^^'C^  U^annub.  [Shut  up,  Exclude, 
ilude,  f^.  ^^  fij^  haram  wm*  Bee 
ond,  vJU  9dnif  or  sjti  idnd. 


/-b 


i^^UiMi 


Second-hand   (not  original,   not  new), 

^}ajOm*^  mutta^mal. 
Second,  a,  (assistant),  JlcL*.^  mwd^id, 

^^U^  mu^win.    See  Friend. 

Second^  v.  JxL»  sd^,  ^\^  wdfak.  See 

Assist. — How  many  green  and  dry  (trees)  are 
on  the  earth;  but  nooe  is  lapidated  and  stoned 
save  that  which  beareth  fruit !  Thou  thought- 
est  very  highly  of  the  days  when  they  seconded 
(faTOured)  thy  wish,  and  fearedst  not  the 
OTil  that  fate  and  destiny  were  imparting, 

u^3  ^^^  Lr'*^^  cr*  u^J*'  \J^  (^3 

Secondarily,  iJb  adniyan. 

Second-rate,  #•  Xs^^^J  ^Jl?  tdnl  darafat, 

Seoond-rate,  adf.  ^j*^tj\j^  »m  tdnl 
darajat.     See  Secondary. 

Secrecy  (privacy),  ^s^\  ikhtUd,  ^jLl 
khalwat.  See  Solitude,  Betirement. 
—(taciturnity,  fidelity  to  a  secret), 
ULf^  mtkaL    See  Silence. 

Secret  (private),  ^^j^ «VrI,  ^e*^ kka/i. 

See   Conoealed,    Betired,    Hidden.— 

(faithful  to  a  seoret,  silent),  ^..^^L^ 

j^  tdhib  iirr.      A  secret  i^Murtment, 

i^j^  khahffot.     Bee  Privaoy. 

Secret,  «.  ^  mht  (pi.  j\j>^\  oirdr),  ij>j^ 
iofirat  (pi.  ^1^  MTdyir).   One  in  the 

seoret,  jJl\  ^jut   ma^ho  asair.     Sea 

Confidant — But  I  charge  thee,  0  my  brother, 
to  conceal  the  secret  from  my  sisten ;  therefore 
leTeal  not  thy  state  to  any  one  of  them,  lest 


my  life  and  thine  be  lost,  {^n.^^\  ^j 
J!u  ii  4\^\  ^jJ\  jJj  ^\  u 


z^y 


Jl-J 


ifJt>-V 


^ 


•^j^  L<^^*     None  keepeth  a 


secret  but  a  faithful  person ;  with  the  best  of 
mankind  it  remaineta  concealed.  A  secret  is 
with  me  as  in  a  house  with  a  lock,  whose 
key   is    lost,    and   whose   door    is   sealed, 


BEC 


(954) 


SED 


^^i  ^x^jJ\  *  (•ya^  jjimUI  jL^ 
4^Ut^  iL^U«  (j:^U  jii  ^  (j:^ 


(^f>^  •  Guard  thy  secret  from  another ; 
entnut  it  not :  for  he  who  entnuteth  •  Mcret 

hath  lost  it,  A£  jy  )j  C^d^^jJiS  ^ 

Secretary,  «.  c^\^  ibd^A,  j];Jlf  ^K 

kdtim  ail  iurdr. 
Secrete,   v.  y«J\^  hatim  aair^     See 

Conceal,  Hide. — ^To   secrete   oneself, 

^Jc^\  ikhiafa\  [Hid. 

Secreted,    Jf^mciibA/a'.  See  Concealed, 

Secretly,   \y^  $irran,  La:^  hhafyatan. 
-    ^jLs^\i  hOmukhfl.    See  Privately.— 

Openly  and  secretly,  Xjlcj  \j^9irran 
wa  ^aldniyaian. 

Secretness.     See  Secrecy. 

Sect,  «.  £y  firkat  (pi.  jy  furak\  iLt 
miUat,  ^.Jbj^  ma%hab,  i^\  ummat, 
isu}^  tdyifai.  Sects  of  heretics,  sec- 
taries, 4»'j^^  khawdrif. 

Sectary,  «.  i*^!^  rdfidl,  ^^^jU-  ^Afi- 
r»;t.     See  Follower,  Heretic. 

Section, «.  ^J^ful.  See  Cut. — The  sec- 
tion of  ahook,  f^^faslyjs^jw.  Through 
every  section  (totally,  entirely),  ^J^  ^ 

Secular,  j<4<Ils  ^d^mf,  i^Uj  J  dunyduH, 
See  Temporal,  Worldly. — (centesimal), 
iL^  Ju  U  4^^  kol  m&yai  tanat.  To  secu- 
larize, ^<^^  ^^-^^^  ^malaho  ^laml, 

S^cundine  (memhrane  which  envelopes 
the  child  in  the  womb),  «j^ljf  ^milr, 
^UmmJI  al  hiuhlmah.    See  Membrane. 

Secure  (free  from  danger  or  fear ;  safe), 
]0^ksr^  tnahfUK,  JLj  s&ltm;  (careless, 
without  caution  or  vigilance),  Jili 
ghafil. 


Secure,  v.  (make  Bafe)^  ^«aa>>  k^V 
so^  mffi,   JL   iallam,  ^>«»-  Aim' 
See  Protect — (to  secure  in  costodj 
i;mm»-  AoAm.    See  Imprison. 

Secured  (from  oppreesioii,  etc),  •1' 
mutaOam.  See  Exempted,  Proteetei- 
(made  certain),  ^jji^s^  MttAoUsL  » 
Established  (taken  into  GOab 
(jm;^«s:^  nuMiis.    See  Imprisosei 

Securely  (safely,  without  danger),  .* 
^^U|^  iulLi  Hito/  saldmat  im  «m 

^^ntman;  (carelessly),  ijmoilifi^ 
hoilrat,  }i\^\  L  &iZ5  inttbalL 

Security  (safety),  ^SLs  m22sw^,  <^ 
amaniyat,  ^Ju9\  amAn^  ^\  noL  >^ 
Protection.— (carelessneas),  i^  ^ 
^adam  boHrat,  JUjb\  iftind/.  Oser 
is  security  or  bail  for  a  debt,  tU^  ^^^ 
iafU,  JK:^  muiakajfiL  Secorb' 
bail,  XiU^  £«/a&i^.  See  Suietr.--: 
become  security,  iJ^^Ji^  j\^  9^^ 
JIC  teibi^.     See  To  give  bsi 

Sedate,  ^JLa  tdkin,  lz..^  taiU.  ^ 

tnuldym.  See  Calm,  Quiet,  SeKSf 
Of  a  sedate  temper,  ^JaSl  «^j'a> 

Sedately,  ij\dJb  J^  hiM  hmi&wd. 

Sedateness,  i^Sib  hadawat.  Seeijv? 
ness.  Calmness,  Tranquillity,  Seze^ 

Sedentary,  ^jU  ^ift,  oJu  ia&oi 

Sedentariness,  J^  Jbc^fli^. 

Sedition,  X:iii  ^im/,  ^y  favau^  ';- 
^Mdioa^.    See  Bebellion,  MntiaT. . 
mult. — ^To  excite  sedition,  i:^,* 
^amalJUtuU,     See  Mutiny. 

Seditious,  ^^\c-  ^5*1,  jjW"^  \f^ 
See  EebelUouB,  Mutinous. — ^A  «^* 
man,  JuiJ  k^^^^Up  BdhibJUasL 


SEE 


{9S5) 


8EI 


tiii  Jij  hiMJUnat. 
—     3,  i:^  JUnat.    See  Sedition. 

See  Misguide. 

SfC^  munghawl, 

Bedacement,     \y]     ighwd, 
-khadl^at. 
^ledalonsness,  JjLI  shaghl,  _juj 

.te,  Diligence,  Labour,  Industry. 

mujidd,  |«^1j^   mtM^trim.    See 

L,  Industrious.  [tc^ayaAJ. 

-  ^y>  *^^J  .2^  lK?  hikoljaddin 

ia3  nasor,  uJLl  <A4/,  4^1^  nMi*, 

eZ&M,  JUbLi  tildAoil.  See  Observe, 

I'eroeiTe,  Descry,  PiicoTer,  Find,  Dis- 

*<eiiiArk,  Inspect. — Know  then  what  I 

>e,  and  keep  it  im  thy  memory,  and  sit  in 

*  )  that  shall  he  near  nnto  them,  so  that 

lalt  see  them,  and  they  shall  not  see  thee, 

Jai:^l^  Ji3  ll^\  ^jJl  c-i/:U 

laJ^tmsur,  uJ^«Aa/l  See  Behold. 
jjj  Mbt,  ftjj  war^.  Seed  when 
a,  fjj  %ar^    One  seed,  Ju^  JbS- 

Goriander-seed,  \dyJi\  L>^  habhat 

swdd;  (semen  genitale),  iiioj  natfai, 

^«   «umi.    See  Progeny,  Offspring, 

ce,  Oeneration;   Original,  Principle, 

>ot . — To  sow  seed,  c  ^J  %ara^.  See  Sow. 

1-time,  9ip^  ^;^;  stfffuSit  onor^. 
ng^  (Tision),  jio)  hasar,  Joj  ntuar, 
Htft.)  j^\i  hd9irfj0\j  iMSstir,  JJbLu*^ 
ushdhid.     Seeing,  seeing  that,  ^ 
\  4-* .***■»>  min  haysa  an.  See  Since. — 


And  he  is  excusable,  seeing  that  he  is  a  stranger 
and  alone,  and  we  left  him  solitary  without 
any  one  to  cheer  him  hy  society,  or  any  one  to 

oomfort  bis  heart,  ^^j^  ^S  j^  Jjt^ybj 
ir^ix  ^^  *Ad^^  i\:^y  ^^  ,y^^^^ 

Seek,  r.  (j«ci  fatiash,  wJJ?  ^oltid.    See 

Search,  Inquire,  Ask,  Solicit,  Bequest. 
Seeker,  8,  (j£aL«  mufattish,  ^.^Ik  ^/fi5. 

See  Inquirer,  Searcher,  Petitioner. 
Seem,  v.j^  %ahar,  ^^b  bdn.  See  Appear, 

Besemble. — It  seems,  ^Ualt  aatdhir. 
Seeming  (appearance,  semblance),  j^ 

suAAr;  (apparent),  JbU?  sdAtir. 

Seemingly,  ty^U^  tdhiran,  ^jy^  tHraUmf 
jJb^  ^^  hi  waflUn  wdhir. 

Seemingness.    Bee  Plausibility. 
Seemliness,  ^^m*^  Aima,  JU>-  Jamdl, 

ii\Ji0  %ardfai.     See  Beauty,  Decency, 

Grace. 
Seemly  (decent,  becoming^  ^^^V*^  mu" 

ndM.     See  Fit,   Proper. — (decently, 

becomingly),  c^jl  ^jiJ  hikol  adah. 

Seen,  part.  of9ee,j^au^  nuifisitr,  ^l^c^ 
mu^dffan.  To  be  seen,  j^;i^j\^  $dr 
nMftsfir.  [Spectator,  Prophet. 

Seer,  t.^U  ndstr,  JJbluL^  muihdhid.  See 

Segment,  «.  Anlai  kat^at,  iiAJ^  ikuk/at. 

Seine,  «.  SLj^$habakai.  See  Fishing-net. 

Seize,  v.  CJim^  meaeh. 

Seized,  ^l^yuA^  manuiLh,    To  be  seized, 

vliCii4>l  titmMoA. — And  when  he  heard 
that  the  king  Essemendel  had  been  seized,  he 
turned  his  hack  in  flight,  fearing  for  himself, 
and'  said  in  his  heart.  Verily  this  disturbance 
originated  on  my  account,* and  none  is  the 

object  of  search  but  myself !  mw  Uli 
^^  ^uic  ^jLi  J>x;4.Jl  (IXUJI  ^ 
<ii  ^  JlSj  *^  ^  uJUj  U'^U 


SEM 


(856) 


SEN 


Seiznrey  (— V  m«  ^  moih. 

Seldom,  jOUli  htl  nddir,  \jj\j 

Select,  9.  iw^ti^t  mtaihab,j\sS^\  tkhtdr. 

See  Ghooee. 
Select,  selected,  k_^.Jcu«  ffitm^oiAod. 
Selection,  c^li^  \  mtikhah.    See  Choice. 
Selector,  «.  ^.^^a^u^  mtm^oMt^. 
Self,  ^jjo  nafi,  iZj\3  %dt.  Myself,  ^^jiJu 

nafiL  Thyself,  CCi;  naftak  (fern. 
UiCufl>  fui^i%i).  Himseli^  herself,  iUii 
fM/«aAo(fem.lfiMA3iM|fMAd).  Oorselyes, 
liMuij  na/nmd,  Yoorselyes,  jLiJu  mf' 

mkum.    Themselves,  ^f^ij  nafiuhun. 

The  thing  itself  ^Sl  ^^Ju  imfialamr. 

See  Himself,  Hersel£ 
Selfish,  iJi\j  i^^^^^^jB^  muhib  x&iako. 
Selfishly,  Jf  J  (....c^  it  hibhin  %dtl. 
Selfishness,  LZj\ii\  Ls^  muhabbat  auat 
Self-murder,  du^AJ  JJlS  ild^t?  tutfiako. 
Selfsame,  iUi:j  M  fM/«ail    See  Self. 
Sell,  V,  cli  bd^. — We  had  passed  by 

iBlaad  after  isUnd,  and  from  eea  to  sea,  and 
firom  land  to  land ;  and  in  every  place  by  which 
we  pasted  we  sold  and  bonght  and  exchanged 

merchandise,  M>*  4>aj  iji^fl  ^Jj^  ^3 

J^  4?^  J'^  cr*^>*^  J' >=<  erv 


Seller, «.  ^IL  layya^,  ^\i  hdyi^     See 

Merchant,  Trader. — Selling  (the  act  of), 

^%^.  Baying  and  selling,  J^^j-jj 

hay^  wa  thiru.  See  Buying. — And  the  city 
became  repeopled,  and  the  shopkeepers  and 
sellers  resnmed  their  business  of  selling  and 
buying,  and  every  one  returned  to  his  occupa- 
tion, and  the  iflands  became  as  they  were  at 

the  first,  ^^\^\^  S^U  hji^  clJjUj 

Semblance  l^\JL^  mu$hdbihat.    See  Be- 
semblance,  Likeness,  Similitude. 


Semi  (in  oomposition),  ujs^  nmf. 

Semicircle, «.  f^t>>Hc-s.g>  nmftiiifi. 

Seminal,  ^V^J  sat^T. 

Seminary,  «.  (ground  where  snyffaiB 
planted),  ^jj  mtI ^«^ ;  (t  pki 
education),  A^s^  mairmmt.  SeeCt 
lege,  School. 

Semination,  c  jpj  sw^     See  SoviBf 

Semitone,  s.  ^j^li^J^  Mu/dhi 

i»lA4H  i^itoj  naefal  makam. 
Sempiternal,  4/0^^  abadi,  ^}j\  m^h^^ 
ddffim,  fc/«>^/^  sarmadL  See  Eteni 
Sempitemify,L  JJ  \  aimd^Mi.  See£t£iri 
Sempstress,  s.  4!l9U£L  khofpaUL 
Senary  (oonsisting  of  six),  ^^^^  "^' 
Senate, «.  ^ju!Ls^  fnajlu^  ^U  ^^jj J  itt^ 

^dm.     See  CounciL — A  senate  boa 
f^^^O  ilwdn. 
Send,  1;.  J^j\  mrtal.     To  send  ts  c 

another,  \^^Ji  Uirdtai^    AndWi 

formed  him  that  he  had  two  dangbtmc 
son;  and  the  King  sent  for  them,  aai&- 
tfaem  to  oome ;  he  mazxied  one  of  ibA- 

the  other  he  gave  to  the  Tinr,  ij^^\ 

Sender,  «.  (J-^ye  mmniL 
QeoiOT,  $.  :^  ihayih  (pi.  ^^  lAs;^ 
Senior,^  ia^.    See  Elder,  (ttL 
Soiiority,  is^^k^J^  $U^ikQtktL 
Senna  (drug),  U-i  Mmd.     Meees  »f> 

Se'nni^t,  AiMi>>/iim^,  c  ^«idif  mH-J' 

Sense,  sensation,  ^^/«»>-  A««t  (pi  ij^f 
hawdi).  Internal  sense  #r  seoii^ 
^\i  ^ju>- ka$  baH$^  Bxtvoil^ 
or  sensatioDy^Uff  ^^m^-  Jbi  sdir.  ^ 


SEN 


(967) 


SEN 


■'eellng.— External  and  internal  aenaa- 
Lflfn,  ^^Ul^y»yi|^;**^l  aihaBttaahir 
70/  hatin.  The  five  aenses,  (jm|^1 
»*A>^\alhau)&sdlhhariMiU.  Sense  (in- 
sllect),  ^/oAtii,  Jif  ^a^.  See  Mind, 
Fnderstanding. — (meaning), 
w^fki'  (pi.  ^^**  aw^flwl),  ^ 
ladmUH.  See  Signification,  Explana- 
ion,  Heason. — The  senae  of  a  ^eech  or 
assage,  ^iC]  iif^  natljat  al  luUdm. 
he  literal  senae,  ^^ylS  ^^5^"^^  ma^na' 
\ghatoh    The  idiomatical  sense, 

f^^**"*^  ma^*  muitMh.    To  e-^ 

le  sense,  -.^  cAaroA.  See  Explain. — 
ense  or  sensual  appetite,  i^fi*  $hahumi, 
}\jmij\yibhatDdnafsdnl.  SeeSensuality. 
seless  (wanting  life  or  perception),  h 
um£^  bild  Km.  See  Lifeless. — (without 
ideratanding),  Jic  h  hid  ^akl^  h 
J\jj\  bUdidrdk;  (without  meaning), 
:,jU9ij  hUd  ma^na\  SeeFooliah,Stupid. 

Then  the  wolf  mTO  the  fox  such  a  hlow  that 
fell  down  semuess ;  and  when  he  reoovered, 
laughed  in  the  wolfs  face,  apologiaing  for 

8  shameful  words,  JdS  c^JJt  ^1  ^ 


SV 


JjJ\ 


•    .  A 


^leasly  (foolishly),  Ji£^  ^tTd  ^. 
e  Stupidly. 

teleasness,  Ji«S^  1%  J^  t!*^^  ^^  &^^' 
e  Folly,  Stupidity. 
ibility,  ^^  hdBtiyat. 
ible  (having  the  power  of  pereeiring 
the  senses),  is^^^  ^  laho  h&99%ytd ; 
jrceptible  by  the  senses),  (j«#^*m^^ 
J^gHB ;  ^^m^m>.4n<  masm^ ;  (wise,  ju- 
ioufl),  JiVc  ^(2*17,  (i-^/a^i».  See 
asonable. — (convinced,   persnaded), 


c  ^xL«  mainfi^ ;  (aware),  ^If  ^Lk« 

muttati^^cM  ]  (visible),  ^Ib  t&hir. 

Sensibleness.    See  Sense,  Sensibility. 

Sensibly  (perceptible  to  the  senses),  ^y 
^juyt^JB^  hiwajhin  mahrtts ;  (j  udiciously  ) 
ii^\^^^i}AM>hi^aiU9^waha$atyai.  See 
Seasonable.  [Sensible. 

Sensitive,  (jm\^  <d  Jako  kawda*     See 

Sensitively,  JL^W\  ^  ^  mm  nmo^  al 
hdas^at* 

Sensual,  iJ\mJu  nafBdnH,  vj^j^  haywdnl, 
nfir*-  ibiti.  SeeLuzuriott8,Lascivioiis. 

Sensualist,  5^jJ  sft  $hahwatf  u-'^>-U 

(JLyij  ^^^  fSAf^  ^M'tf*  nafidnU 
Sensuality,  S^fS*  thahwiU,  (JLma)  4^^ 

Sensually,  iy^  J^  ^lii^  ahahwiU.  See 
Lasciviously,  Luxuriously.  [Send. 
Sent,  J.Mi^  i»tfr«a^,  CL'^iw*  fffffft^il^  See 
Sentence,  «.  (of  a  judge),  Jj>^  hukm  (pi. 
aI^  \  Mcdm),  ^j^  f^  Am^  ahar^. 
See  Beciuon. — (a  saying  or  maxim), 
Jy  ibW  (pi.  Ji^'  aiwdl),  Ji^  »»««/»/. 
See  Proverb. — (a  paragraph  or  period), 
iiL*^  jundai.  The  end  of  a  sentence 
or  period,  ks*^  muhat.    To  pronounce 

sentence  of  death,  J:i!b  |»C».  hakatn  hi 

ibi</.— Thereupon  I  pressed  gradaallr  to  lum 
to  profit  from  his  precious  words,  ana  to  pick 
up  some  of  his  incomparable  sentences  and 

phrases,  * jily  ^j^  e/-r=^i  ^^  d-^^ 

Sentence,  v.  S^-  hakam,  cJ^  shara^.  See 

Condemn,  Decide* 
Sententious,  ^y*^  hukmim 
Sentiment  (thought),^  Jttr,  ^  nam, 

^\j  rdy,j^^Jj  tadblr.    See  Opinion, 

Sense. 
Sentinel,sentry,a.^jytfjU-^flr«(pl.^^\^ 
Jiurrd»)f  kiU:^  tnuhdJUf  ]ai\^  hdfia. 


SEP 


(958) 


SEQ 


Separable,  j|/i)^  ^J^j^  mtimJbii  d  ifii- 
riik.  Separableneas,  separability,  ^UL«\ 
fj\jii!i\  imk&n  al  ifiirah. 

Separate,  r.  j^i  fwrak^  J-oi  fowl.  See 
Fart,  To  divide.  Break. — ^To  separate  or 
be  separated,  J«di}\  infual,  y^J^j^ 
tdr  mafirUk,  ^jij  tafarrdk. 

Separate,  separated,  J^^  if^/Hli,  J/s^ 
m/islafarrah^  J^ak^  munfiMt  9j^oL9 

inakt€L^,  Jjix^tnunfartk.  Hear, 0  Sang 

of  the  Age,  and  know  that  I  am  a  poor  penon, 
a  stranger,  hroken-hearted.  I  have  hecome 
■eparated  from  my  mother  and  my  fiunily  and 

my   brother !    ^t«jlf  iLS^\i  ^4m»\ 

Separately,  J/^V  **^  mufarrak,  \s^\^ 
\s>'\^  wdhidan  vfdhidan,     Ij^  \jji 
fardan  fardan. 
Separation,  iSjU^  mufdrahat,  (J^jijirdk, 

ijji/urkatf  j|/i^  ifiirdk,  JLasu\  in- 

JUal.  On  the  day  of  separation  your  remoTal 
made  me  weep,  lamenting  on  account  of  your 
ahsenoe  from  home.  I  cried  out  in  anguish 
from  the  pain  of  parting,  and  tears  had  made 
my  eyelids  sore.  This  is  separation  I  Shall  we 
enjoy  your  return  P  For  your  departure  has 
deprived  me  of  the  power  of  concealment. 
"Would  they  had  returned  and  ohserred  ^ood 
faith !  If  they  do  so,  perhaps  my  former  times 

may  return,  *  ij\L)\  JS[ju  Jf^l  ^^ 
jili  *  jjys  ^^  XS  Jfi  j\r^^  ^^ 

The  whole  plnin  has  hecome  contracted  in  my 
eye,  and  my  heart  altogether  is  triinbled  hy 
we  yiew  and  sight  of  it.  Since  the  objects  of 
my  love  depart^,  my  joy  has  been  disturbed, 
and  the  tears  hMve  overflowed  from  my  eves, 
and  sleep  has  left  my  eyes  on  account  of  their 
separation,  Mnd  my  whole  mind  has  been  per> 
turbed.  Will  (fortune)  time  re- unite  us,  and 
shall  I  again  enjoy  intimacy  with  them  and 


night  conversation?  <U«4b>>  Loill  jL^ 


4^^.A^  C^L»-S\  CTJ^Li  Jy«  *  i^^^«> 


^ 


Separating,  j^or^.  J^^UySu^. 
Separator,  «.  ^/^  mufarrik, 
September,  J^f  ^/o/. 
Septenary,  ^U*^  whd^. 
Septennial,  ^j^^  ^^v^  «J^  lc6tuil>^§i  v^ 
Septentrional,  ^\  a  t%    Mmdh,   ^ 

Northern. 
Septaagesimal,  septaagenary,  ^j.*- 

ianai. 
Septuple,  (^Wl  ijuyj  BoB^at  ai-Jf. 
Sepulchral,  ji^aaU  L^y^ii^  numiUhSa 

hilr,     A  sepulchral  monument^  x*-' 

marhad.    See  Monument. 
Sepulchre,  i»j^  hahr.    See  Tomb.— Tj 

sepulchre  of  Jesus  Christ,   ^^J 

wwJ  \  kdbr  yoiik^  al  mtUih,    Upd'^j 

table  have  eaten  a  thousand  one-evfd  Vx 
and  a  thousand  kings  each  aonnd  ia'botl'i 
All  of  them  have  quitted  the  world,  ai  J^\ 
up  their  abode  in  the  sepulchres  and  thf  n*' 


Sepulchre,  v,j^  Jtahar,    See  Eoir. 
Sepulture.    See  Burial,  Intermest 
Sequel  (end),yCwT  dhhir ;  (contimuti'' 
d^^^lj^    muddwamatf    aI^j   ^^ 

j\jj%s>^\  istimrar,  Lie^y  mvifa:^ 
(conclusion),  Iss^  naiijai.  S&*'*\ 
sequence. 


SSB 


(959) 


SEB 


^aester,  seqaestrate,  v.  (to  separate  from 
others  for  the  sake  of  privacy),  ^}s>s>^\ 
ikhtala' ;  (to  place  in  the  hands  of  trns- 
iees),  i}L«l  cJ^  wada^  amdnat,  cJj 
tpoda^;  (to  confiscate),  IxA?  tahat, 
^qaestrable  (capable  of  being  confis- 
cated), kAivj  yumahit,  Ixm^  ytmddbit. 
qaestrated  (separated  from  others), 
^^Ul^  ^  t>,,^;?ci^  muk^annib  ^n  an- 
nds ;  (confiscated),  i^jt^  ^}t^  ^'^^'^ 
hat  Itl  miri ;  (placed  in  the  hands  of 
trustees),  £  U 1  i^3^y^  mawda^  amdnat, 
qaestration  (retirement),  ^  c^l:a>-l 
^^^Ull  ^tinah  ^nannde;  (confiscation), 
b.«J  iaht.  [rautm. 

questrator,  t.  lajli  ddhtt,  Jt»^  mu- 
rag^lio,  «.  t^)^  tardy. 
raph,  seraphim,  ^^j<-^  terdflm.  See 
^ngel« — Seraphic.  See  Angelic. 
rene  (clear,  bright,  cloudless),  vil>0«4/^» 
^^i-ltf  9dhl.  A  serene  sky,  ,<^l^  ty^ 
iuiM^d  «dAl.  Serene  (calm,  placid),  ^^j 

renely  (calmly),  IsS*}^  (Jij  likol  tra- 
^^t\  (without  clouds,  clearly),  J^ 
'•Vf^  hikol  sahdwaL 
-eneness,  serenity  (calmness,  placid- 
leas),  ij\iMb  haddwat,  i^\j^  wadd^at, 
•jeant,  a.  (military),  ^^\:>^  ehdumsk; 
officer  attending  on  judges,  etc.), 
2»^l>-  chdwtuh.   See  Beadle,  Officer. 
•lesy  (»^  8af,Jb^  sair.    See  Order; 
kixooession. 
•ions   (important,  not  trifling),   *f« 

ttdhimm;  (grave,  not  light  of  beha- 

ioor),    L^.'v^    m«Af3,  jl5j  l.;.^:>-U 

i  A»^  icakar.  There  never  proceedfl  from  them 
3  ^  eTil  expreasion,  nor  any  harshness  or  re- 
tmlsiTenesa  of  manner ;  and  I  nerer  witness 
I.  them  anything  bat  fidelitv  and  sincerity  of 
.-^e,  exempt  irom  envy  ana  jealousy :  wnile 


one  improvises  in  admirable  poetry,  with 
beauty  of  enunciation,  and  without  any  hesi- 
tation ;  another  relates  anecdotes  of  every 
sort,  with  a  pleasing  interchange  of  the  jocose 


and  the  serious,  ^  Jy  «^l^  j^^  Juj  J 
*«\i^  i^y^  JJbUil  J^  *  Juu  )^  uJlasrXj 


cT^^  Jj*  c^  ^  ♦  i^  J^  cT*  \J^ 


Seriously    (gravely),    Cy'^jf^  j^y   ^^ 
wdipi^in  muh\b\  (in  earnest),   tXapT*  M- 


*  • 


jaddin,   SjLa;^  hahkatan,  ^am}\  ^ 
fil  hakikat,  jJ\j  JG  bikol  tdkid. 


Seriousness  (gravity),  d^  hayhat,  j\jj 
tpakdr;  (earnestness,  attention),  A>- 
*y^jjad  wajahd,  ^UrUbl  ihtimdm. 

Sermon,  «•  lacj  ira^s,  ^dac^  maw^Mat, 

ij^  kartat.  Who  was  closing  cadences 

with  gorgeous  phrases,  and  striking  all  ears 
with  the  warnings  and  rebuking  of  his  sermon. 

Sermon,  v.  ]ac^  Moa^ai^  j^  karat.    See 

Preach. 
Serpent,  t,  iU>-  hayyat  (pi.  c:-^L>-  hay- 

ydtl   ^\   i/t«'   (pi.  ^Ul  a/aj.1). 

Then  it  took  something  from  *the  face  of  the 
earth  in  its  talons,  and  soared  to  the  upper 
region  of  the  sky ;  and  I  locked  sttontively 
at  that  thing,  ana  lo,  it  was  a  serpent  of  enor- 
mous size  and  of  great  body,  which  it  had 
taken  and  carried  off  to  the  sky  towards  the 

Serrate,  serrated  (jagged  like  a  saw), 
jIm*:^!  Jl^  ^1:m«}\  ^  laho  atndn  miil 
al  minshdr* 

Servant,  t.  ^jU-  khddm,  a^\jS^  khad- 


SEB 


(  960  ) 


SET 


ddnu    The  seryant  of  God  (a  proper 
name),  ^\  Juc  ^M  aUahn 
Serve,  v,   (attend  as  a  serrant),  d^S:>^ 

khadam;  (to  stand  instead  of  any  thing), 
^^^  j\^  idr  ^awad,  Jj^j^  9dr 
hadal;  (to  be  sniBcient),  ^J^  kaf»\ 

See  Suffice.— (to  confer  a  ftirour  or 
benefit),  ^\  ^^am»-1  ahmn  ila\  J.^i£ 

j0^  ^amal  khayr*  See  Benefit. -^To 
serve  Gt)d,  i^\  Ju£  ^ebed  aUah^ 

Served  (attended  upon),  f^^^^s^  tnakh- 
dam ;  (worshipped),  J^^ji^  maJfUd, 

Service  (menial  service),  ^J^  khidmat; 
(a  course  or  order  of  dishes  on  a  table), 
ifJuJ\  ^U?  tdkim  assafrah;  (religious 
worship),  if jLc  ^ddat ;  (actual  dutj, 
place),  d^J^  khudmat,  c,  ^»n;><  man- 
«a$.  See  Office. — (business),  J-^a 
^mal,  j^\  amr ;    (advantage),  i! JjU 

cU:J1  iWi/<3^.    See  Attendance,  Obe- 
dience,  Employment,  Purpose,   Use, 
Favour,  Benefit 
Serviceable  (useful),  Jui^  mufld,  ^U 

nd^^ ;    (diligent,   industrious),    JuA^ 

mukaf/yad, 
Serviceableness  (usefulness),  i*^\i  fdfi- 

dat;  (diligence,  industry),   J^^^Ji>- 

jadd  wajahd. 
Servile,  ^^^^^  mutl^;   (mean,  abject), 

jiJL>^  hakiTw    See  Slavish,  Dependent, 
Obsequious. 
Servilely,  -»A>.^ 6^  hinaw^hdklr. 

Servileness,  servility,  ^.xU?!  itd^at ; 
(meanness),  ir^U»>  hakdraL  See  Sla- 
very, Servitude,  Dependence. 

Serving -man,  servitor,  if.  f^J^  khddim. 
See  Servant.  [very.  Servility, 

P^^mtude,  i  Jj^  ^udiyaU     See  Sla-  I 


SessioiL  (atting)^  (^^^J^^l  (^"^ 
aembly  of  mtt^itmtes,  etc.),  ^^J^ 

Set,  r«  (to  put,  plaee),  ^^^  ited^^; : 
plant),   ^jMj£.  (fhams;    (to  regi^' 

To  set  about  (apply  to,  make  i  se- 
ginning),  c^^  aAortf^.     To  s^  isii 

(reject),  Sj  nM,  ^^  naf^;  (tei^ 
rogate),  ^c*^  maha\  800  BepeiL- 
To  set  by  (regard,  esteem),  j«:x^  1^ 
bar.  To  set  fbrth  (make  appeir),  f 
mikar*  See  Publish,  Promulgilt- 
(to  arrange),  Ja3  iMMiiiy  cinfag  <?- 
saf.     To  set  in,  \jcj^  i&^MteK.    Texi 

off  (embellish),  ^^;««*9*   hats&i. 
Decorate,  Adorn ;  (to  attack),  ^JLs 

Aajam  ^ala\  See  Assault. — To  u^  c 
(allot,  divide),  *mJ  ibuMM;  (tope 
lish),  cLlI  M^^;  (to  show,  di^Cij 
^^1  0s^r.  To  set  to  (apply  009- 
to  anything),  ^^utta^c^*   See£a^'' 

every  endeavour. — To  set  up  (e^' 
i..^«a3  nas(^.  See  Build,  EstablisL- 
To  set  out  on  a  joumeyy^LJI  ^U  «• 
^asuim  ^la^  aisa/ar. .  To  set  up  a  ck: 

^Jj\  %nda^\      To  set  at  nogfi: 

ij\A^  J^«mC  ^mmal  kakaraiy  ^Ut  ^^ 
^mtd  ihdnaL  See  Despiac^Te  - 
bounds  to,  ti^^\  t^S:^  hadiai  d  « 
dud.      To  set  (as  the  sua),  i^^'/ 

Set  (put,  placed),  &  ^^  ffunrtffi^;  (^T- 
lar,   formal),  ^y^'  u-^*«**fl<  *****' 

i^cfVfaA;  (appointed,  fixed),  ^^j^  ^ 

fjiyyan.    Then  he  drew  nmr  to  thf  4* 
crowned  chamber,  aad  lo^  it  had  eigii  ^ 


8EV 


(961) 


SEX 


of  sandal-woodf  with  nailB  of  ^Id,  orna- 
mented with  Btan  of  silyer  set  with  Tarions 

jewels,  Lj\aj  1^1  jIj  iLllI  ^^  ^ J  J 

)t,  «.  (complete  suit  of  aoything),  Jilt 
tdkim.     See  Suit,  Kind,  Species. 
)tter,  «.  (placer),  ^^^^^  wddi^ 
itting,  wJ^  tffoJ^.    See  Placing. — The 

Betting  of  the  son,  ^^m^muJI  s-^i^  ^Am- 
rud  ashahatns* 

ttle,  «.  (determine,  fix),  c-^^  ratiab, 
la^*^^\  ^^ai  hM  al  maslahat.  See 
Establish. — (to  fix  residence  in  any 

)lace),  ^Ji0y  tatcattan.  See  Beside. — 
to  subside,  as  the  dregs  of  liquor), 
Jl^  9affa\     To  settle  one's  afiairs, 

Ls^La^  S-^  ro^^  nuudlihoAo,  J^ 
J\jL2)1  nauam  Mhgh&laho,  To  settle 
ecoants,  c-^L*^)  ,^as-  ^nudalhiidb. 
tied  (confirmed,  establbhed,  agreed 

:pon),  jJLt  mukarrar,  Jp^  mUaikad; 
as   the  sediments  of  liqaor),  ^i-^^ 

lusaffa',  ^<rflj  rdsU       [^^^  makdn, 
tlement  (residence),  >*LL/*   tnakdm, 
en,  ^^  M&^,  ^U(^  «0^^aA. 
enfold,  uJUjt  ^Ju^  iob^t  ad^df, 
en  hundred,  ^L«  ^^  «a&&a  mdyat» 
enteen,yuLe  4jum9  iob^t  ^aahar. 
enteenth,  JLx  t^^  <S&i^  ^m^ot. 
entb,  ^Lf  «d&f^(fem.  iJuL*  «d3i^a^). 
seventh  part. 


8ubt 


3nty,  ^y»f^  tab^Hn,  ^j^m^  ioh^in. 
[-lived  at  seventy  years  of  age,  jUo 
,^  ^i;t>.ji  »y.4^  $dr  ^mroh  sab^n 
nah» 


Sever,  v.  J/  /orai,  jyl  tf/r«,  t^ 
jb^^.  See  Separate,  Part,  Divide,  Cut 

Several,  ,^;fl«  haJL;  (many),^-!^  A«rtr. 
See  Hany.^(di£ferent,  distinct),j\:^««^ 
mumid%. 

Severally  (distmctly),  J^i-Jl^  W  mu- 
farraht  \j^  \ii^  fardan  fardan^  JLii^ 
mti/2M«a^.    See  Separately. 

Severance,  ^iaS  kat^,  j]/^^  (^»rfl^. 
See  Separation,  Partition. 

Severe,  t»QjVr.  ^a»l/,  ^U  idrt.  See 
Eigid,  Austere,  Morose,  Harsh,  Cruel; 
Strict,  Concise.  —  (grave,  awful), 
iLjb  L,.^.'v>lig  «dA«}  hayhai.  See  Sober, 
Sedate. — (painful,  afflictive),  ^ry 
muufajl;\.  Ijjj^  mafriit. 

Severed,  fjlaL*  maktu^,  O^/^  fnafr^k, 

Severely  (harshly),  Lt\j^  jLi  hikol  to- 
rdmat.  See  Eigidly.  —  (painfully), 
w»-j  Jij  hikol  wqfa^. 

Severity,  X«1^  tardnuii,  XaLI  d^,x&  ^a- 
dam  thafakat.     See  Bigour,  Cruelty, 

Harshness. — (gravity,  awfulness),  d^ 

hayhat.  And  to  relate  to  him  what  he  had 
experienced;  and  the  other  wondered  at  the 
BOTerity  of  his  sufferings,  and  congratulated 

him  on  his  safety,  U^  i\ii  U  ^  yJ^^^ 

Sew,  V.  k^  khayyat.   To  sew  together, 

j;il  ^ib.    To  sew  with  wide  stitches 

(to  baste),  )aLi  kaththaL 
Sewed,  )a*s:^  mukhayyat. 
Sewer,  #•  ]ff\I^  khayydt.    See  Tailor, 

Sempstress. 
Sewing,  s.  aWLaL  khiydtah. 
Sex,  (^mJ^ yi^M*    The  male  sex,  ij**:^ 
j^ii\jiM  awuknr.     The  female  sex, 

(JUll  ^^^uS^  jins  al  andta\ 
Sexagenary  (sixty  years  old),  ^^j^s^  »^ 

61 


8HA 


(962) 


SEA 


ii»^  ^imraho  9iti%n  $4mah,  -^^j^P^  ^^ 

Sexagemmal,  ^^Vj-,.,)  m^iiI.  6ee Sxxtieai. 

Sexangolar,   w^l^^^   ^oAo  «f#M 

jawdnib.  [tawdfa. 

Sexangnlarly,  [AjjSs^.le.  ^M  wtM 

Sexennial  (every  Biz  yean),  ^^^i^h^Ji 

kol  iiiiai  ianln;   (lasting  six  years), 

•^  JLi  jtJb  yahtm  iittat  Aml». 

Sextuple,  uJUt^l  iz^  itUat  ad^df, 

Shabby,^;;!i»-  halar.  See  Mean,  Paltry. 
— A  shabby  fellow,  ^^O  danl.  See 
Scoundrel. 

Shabbily,  ^;;;i^  ^ji  hi  wt^in  hdklr. 

Shabbiness,  ij\jL»^  hakdrat. 

Shade  (made  by  the  interception  of 
light),  Ji^  %%lh  (darkness),  l^  tul- 
mat;  (coolness),  i^ifji  hurUdat;  (pro- 
tection, shelter),  ^Ui»-  himdyat,  ^L^ 
iiffdnat,  A  shade  (departed  spirit), 
JLsL  khiydU  To  sit  in  the  shade,  to 
seek  the  shade,  ^yia&J^  UtaasU,  Jiioj 

Shade,  v,  JII9  zallal. 

Shaded,  jlli^  rnuMUal. 

Shades;  J^  taldl. 

Shadiness,  Jl?  %%lh 

Shadow,  «.  JI9  Sf7/.      The  shadow  of 

Ood,  aI1\  3?  tt7;  dOah. 
Shady,  shadowy,  JJJa«  mwuXUl, 
Shagreen,  chagrin,  t^.  (vex),^  hahar, 
Shagreened,  chagrined,  j^^L«  makhikr* 

Shake,  v.  (agitate),  <^->-  harrak,  ^^^ 
nafad.  To  shake  or  be  shaken,  JjCj] 
irta^ad,  {j^j\  irta^ash.     To  shake 

hands,  ^l^  id/aha.  See  Sove,  Agi- 
tate, QaaTer,  Tremble,  Totter,  Stagger, 
Weaken. — But  if  this  be  not  the  Queen  Jo- 
harah,  this  is  more  beautiful  than  she !  And 
•ho  direw  near  and  shook  hands  with  ma. 


Shake,  shaking,  «•  ^j>-  Aordbd,  JW 
irti^dd,  ^\auj\  irti^dtky  '^^j  ^ 
rdj\  A  shake  in  music,  djju  iMfitf 

Shaken,  cX^^^  muiakarrit,  Jis^ 
muniafid. 

Shall,  V.  aux.  a]) 


r> 


I  fibHr 


-^^1 1*)!  ^stin  0rfiA«  Shall  I  ^ 
^Z»-^  ^jlt  Jjb  hal  Idmim  ahkf  Iw 
shall  write,  c>>.*.C7  Aji  IdMm  UHi^ 

Shallop,  Y.  jj^j  %awrak,  ^J^  iofi 

Shallow  (not  deep),  u^Ll  Mhdf^. 

Shallowness  (want  of  depth),  ^_La«-  *^ 
^adam  al  ^umk. 

Sham,  «.  (trick,  false  pretence),  V 
Mlah.  See  Fraud,  Imposture,  SelasL^ 

Sham  (counterfeit,  fictitioas),  j*> * 
Mawwar*  JuIaj  iaktfd. 

Sham,  V*  jjj  satnTor.     See  Chest  TrJ 

Shambles  (place  where  bntcher^s  s^^ 

is  sold),  J'**^  moilakh. 

Shame,  L».  hayd.     See  Di^^rsc^  ^* 

nominy,Infamy. — (bashfulness],  j^ 
hhajah     See  Modesty. 

Shame,  v.  (make  ashamed),  J^i^i^ 

If  beauty  oame  to  be  eompared  witib  bs. 
would  hang  down  its  head  m  shame:  '.:  ' 
were  said,  O  beauW,  hast  tkoa  seea  tk  b 
it  would  answer,  The  equal  of  this  I  ki^^ 

Shameful,  c,!^.^  m«^ytl^,  ^y^ 

milm.    See  Disgraoeful,  Infamoai 
nominious.  [i.^*4>^  lb  ^i2a 

Shamefully,  LsA^^a^  JC?  WW/i 
Shameless,  L>.  L  iiVa  ^y4. 

Shamelessness,  L^l  a«X£  ^a^Msf4 


SEA 


(963) 


8H£ 


ammer,  «•    See  Cheati  Impoeior. 
ank,  jU  $ak.    See  Leg.        [Uloer. 
aaker,   ohaaore,  ».  ^y  iarL     See 

ape,  J^  ihaU  (pL  JlCl^l  a^hidl), 

ijya  tUrai,  Oi  ibi.     I  oonjaze  thee» 

i  my  miatreea,  that  thou  come  with  me  and 
lehold  her  beauty  and  loyeliness,  and  the  joBt- 
less  of  her  form,  shi^,  and  pn^rtion,  and 

excuse  me  for  the  trouble,  d^^.^MbuSlj 

cli^U^  t^"^^*^  2^13^')^ 

ape,  V.  ^^a  sana^.    See  Make^  Form. 

—When  I  take  words  that  seem  mere  silyer,  I 
Guhion  them  into  shape,  and  then  they  become 
18  gold.  Now  formerly  I  used  to  deriTe  wealth 
Vom  my  acquired  learning,  and  drew  milk 

from  it,  sJ^\^\S\3LLi  laiUl  J^tj 

aped,  &  ^:»«d^  masnU^.  See  Formed, 
are,  v,  (divide  among  others),  ^^^ao^ 
hatsas,  c  j^  wama^.  See  Diyide. — 
[to  partake  with  others),  l^^a^  JseLl 
ikhoM  his$ah,  il^J^j\^  sdr  shat^k, 
3ee  Participate.  [Part,  Portion, 

are,  i.  ^Uo^  htssah,  ^UmJ  hUmat.  See 
ared,  i«^MJUma)bum,  ^jymuwaua^, 
arer,  «.  (one  who  divides),  t^^uA^  mu- 
uustm,  9jy  rnuwaszi^,  —  (one  who 
participates),  ^.»(v,->  ^  laha  hiisah, 
iJJ  J^  tharlk.  See  Partaker, 
arp  (having  a  keen  edge  or  point), 
JtfU  kdti^,  jl>*  Ad(^. — (acute  of  un- 
ierstanding),  ^Sj  %aki,  ybU  mdAir, 

«4>l>*  Adiil.  See  Ingenious,  Wittj, 
labtile. — (aoid),  jU-  hdd,  ^ja^\^ 
dmud.  See  Sour. — (emaciated,  lean), 
^iuaC  nahUf.  A  sharp  sword,  c^ttj..i 
i^lj  Myfh&ti^  jl».  (-Ami  Myfh&d, 


Sharpen,  t.  ^^^  foiMi. 

Sharpened,  ^^y^M^  momiifi.  Anything 
upon  which  another  is  sharpened,  ^j»»*>^ 
miunn.     See  Whet9tone.      [S^Tpt)* 

Sharper,  «.^ltXs  ghadiOr^Jo^ii  ihdtir  (in 

Sharply  (acutely),  Jle  J^  iiiib/  ^Jd. 

See  Wittily,  Judiciously. 
Sharpness  (keenness  of  edge),   X»jl». 

haddljfoi,  2^«A»-  Mddat;  (acuteness  of 

understanding),  i^\jS  Jird$ai,  ij\s>- 

hawHJtat.    See  Ingenuity. 
Shave,  v.  J^  halak. 
Shaved,  shaven,  J^l^s^  maUnk. 
Shaver, «.  jlU-  AoZ/^jfc  (pL  ^j^^  hat- 

Idkln),  (^J^  fnmayyin.    See  Barber. 
Shaving,  «.  iil^  htldkah. 

She,  ^  Al.     She  said,  ollS  ^  Al 

kalaL  Then  he  proceeded  to  meditate  upon 
her  case,  and  said  within  himself,  I  will  rise 
and  lay  hold  upon  her,  and  aak  her  respectinr 
her  state,  and  if  this  be  she,  I  will  aemana 
her  in  marriage  of  herself;  and  this  is  the 
thing  I  seek,  and  that  which  constitutes  my  aim, 

Sheaf,  ^Id^  Aisma^.     A  sheaf  of  corn, 

Shear,  v.  ^Ji  karad,  ^joi  has, 

ShetLTSf  ,jOjA^  makrad,  ^^^li*  mukiu.  See 
Scissors.  —  Shears  for  cutting  gold, 
silver,  etc,  \^/^  makrad. 

Shearer,  t.  ^IS  kdii^. 

Sheath,  «.  ujld  ghtldf,  j^  ghamd. 

Sheathe,  ir.  J^  ghamad. 

Shed,  f .  LyiLi  9akah,  To  shed  tears, 
^j^  J  c:^4  taraftA  dwnHL^ha,  To 
shed  blood,  /*  jJl  CJoLi  #ii/2iifc  oitfom, 

^2^  harai. 


SHI 


(964) 


rjT 


Sheep,  I.  ^UJx  phananuU ;  (ooUectively), 
^  yhanam,    aL^I   offhndm.     See 
Cattle,  Flock. 
Sheep-fold,  sheep-cot,  $.jJia^  haaUr, 
Sheer,  ^/isf^  mahd,  ^If^  ihdlii,  _£} 

nakl,t^j0a»arf.  See  Fore,  dear,  Clean. 
Sheer  off,  9.     See  Betreat. 
Sheeti  $.  (for  a  bed),  ujLS»^U-  chdrshaf. 

A  sheet  of  paper.  .iSj^^Usr^  talhiyai 

.v'  V-    ^^ 


Shine,  v.  %^  ^a»^ 
Shine  (bright^  sr 

Bhine^  '  V  iT 


0 


\^ 


warak. 
Shell. «.  t 


r*** 


•     r  4 


I  < 


•dih. 


d>eU 


>. 


(the  external  crust  of  anyt^  '^'  i  ^ 

hUhr.      A   sheU-fish,    ^  \i\  - 

fiU  oBiamak,  1.1 

Shell,  V.  (take  out  of /i    i^'  J? 

Shelled  (having a  shell^    /         .^ee  €ry. 

(taken outof  theshe.*^    ^     --«^  »a^5. 

jJLjL^  muhuhihar  ^     j^  traydlt. 
Shelter,  \J^  mal/ '     -^^^^^ed),^  tmr. 

himayai   iU  '     *«^««).  W  t^J 

See  Security 

rain,  \iA^'  /ioding-hheei),  ^  hrfan. 

Sherd.     Sj/tcA*#»»- 

Shepherdi^/^  m*^fan.         [Shiver. 

Shephe.y'i^  »«/«</.  See  Quake,  Shake, 

Sherbji^^^*^**^-   See  Mix,  Mingle. 

Shif  '^^y^^  (tergiverse),  J^U.  Adtm/, 

Sb    ^'^t^*^9  JS^  lowwalh  See  Elude, 

^yi  ofl^--(to  trick),  jLLgJmh. 

^  »•  (mixture),  laL^.  Ma/^-    (an 

^ce),  4^0^  AlfaA,  Juj^  %<{.   See 

ftick,  Fraud.— (teigiversation),  jLj 

^^fl//tt/.    See  Subterftige,  Shift. 

5hon,  r.  ^^jjc^l  ^daiar  min.     And 

it  is  said  by  the  proverb,  Whoso  seeth  a  hole 

in  the  ground,  and  dotk  not  shnn  it,  and 

be    cantiooB    of    adTandng    to    it    boldly. 

«xDoii«t).  himself  to  danger  and  destnietio^, 

i\j  ^^  Jull  ^  JjJ  dJ^ 


,  (door),  Mb  ftdi, 

ohut^e^  ••  (leaving  matiuiiient),il<iL 

Shy,   \o\^\    Cj-^U   tdAti  ii%£ 

j^i^s^wtMmkt.  BeeCautioiUjVr 

— (au^icions),  j^U,  iniiUldm,  u^. 

Shyness  (tmwilHngness  to  be  ^am. 
caution),  t->Uap.\  y^Mi,  lUi',  k 

%d.     See  Timidity,  BeaerTedsa 
Sibilant  (hissing),  ^IL  ii|^n 
Sibilation.     See  Hisa.  x^ 

®*^^'  en**/*  ffwiJ,  JjL  ^aftl,  ^ 
Sicken,  r.  (grow  sick),  ^^^  «^  , 

C^^  #driwirf<J;  (to  make  sick),  J. 

Sickle,  «.  JacU  Mtffi>«;. 
Sickliness,  u-iw  Jii/,   See  8icb« 
Sickly,  *^iji^  Af^j/   SeeSict 
Sicteess,  Joy  mmrcd^  ila  Mti,  %:^ 

«^f     See  Disease,  Dist^per. 
Side,  #.  4^;;,  ««^  (pi.  ^1^1  ^. 

i-^Ur/iliia,  i..:-^>W(pI.o^. 

l^jMat  (pi.  ci^-l^:^  jiiUtffl^  i^.^ 
«^ya^  The  right  aide,  .,^'1 


SHO 


(96d) 


SHO 


iadihim.    See  Crowd. 
lock, «.  (blow),  ^Jutf  sadmai,  ^ji  dor- 
hat;   (conflict,  matnal  impresnon  of 
violence),  (^y^  hujum,  ^j>-  harhf 
ijj\s^  muhdrabai,  JLui^  waJ^^. 
lock,  V,  AXa  Modam;  (shake  by  matnal 

coQcnssionX  ^y^^  iasddamil. 
lod,  ^,^j^  {j»iji  idhU  markuho, 
loe,  #•  ^fy  MorMhy  \j^>^  Mdd^    A 
wooden  shoe,  t— >\SJ  iabkdh.   A  hone- 
shoe,  f^  na^. 

toemaker, «.  (J\jU^  nurmdyHtl^  c^lSLa 

Loot,  V.  (throw,  dart,  hnrl),  ^^j  ramd* 

To  shoot  off  a  mnaket  or  cannon,  ^jc 
darah.  See  Fire,  Discharge,  Gun, 
Camion. — To  shoot  «r  kill  (with  a  gun, 
eto.),{jM\yi\)  JiS  kataihUkuwiUf  ^y 
haunoa%\  (to  germinate,  grow  up  as 
plants),  uu^  nahaU  See  Sprout,  Grow. 
— To  shoot  forth  ears  (aa  com),  ^joij 
nafad. 

lOot,  «.  (twig,  tender  branch),  9^faT^ 
^^y^  ghum,  {j*»j£.  ghir: 
top,  «.  dJyU-  hdn^f  ^^^  diikidn. 
[pL  ^l^  J  d^iid^n).  A  butcher's  shop, 

L^ wu  ijO J  iltii^fi  kaadh.    A  wine 

ilK^^lflCUffiiiUdfMA.  SeeTaTem.— 

^  banker's  shop,  uJl^  ^iTj  daiidn 

tarrdf. 

ore,  jscji\  fJ»^L»  9dhil  al  hahr, 

ort,  ji^  kMr,    See  Little,  SmaU, 

Harrow. — Short  of  statnre,  jJiSjf^ 

uUiraikadd.  In  a  short  time,  ^^J  ^ 

^JlS/{  naman  JuM.    See  Soon. — Short 
not  adequate),  s^^J^x^j^x.  ghayr  m«- 
»iUt2.   See  Sefectire,  Imperfect, 
orten,  v.jioi  iasiar,j^  ^dL«x  tomalaho 


jOi^  iLsA  ^medaho  mukhta$ar.    See 
Abbreviate,  Abridge,  To  contract,  Lop. 
Shortened,  y«0:Lsr^  mukhtoior. 

Shortliyed,^^^!^^;**^  iaslr  al  ^wnr,  Jj[|j 

sAy*7,  (Jli  fdnh    See  Frail. 
Shortly  (in  short),  \j>axas^  mttkhtaioran ; 

(soon),  \s^j»aitir^ianf^j^huir^in, 

^^^^j»aS\j  Uakior  wakt&n. 

Shortne8B,y«ai  kiitr,j\^ia:^\  WdUdr, 
Shortsighted,^^!aJ\j:iMd5  huHr  annastar. 
Shortsightedness,  ^loJfyiai  hur  anna%ar. 
Shortwinded,  shortbreathed,  ^^m5i\  fj^ 

dayyak  annafoi. 
Shot,  «.  ^j  rami,  .^  iarh.    Shot*  for 

fire-arms»  L/^V  ^^*^^* 

Shoulder,  (of  a  man),  uJi^  kitf.  The 
shoulders,  uJl::^^  aktdf.  Having  high 
or  broad  shoulders,  s^\:^i\  ^^jS-  ^arid 
al  iktdf. 

Show,  r.  (exhibit  to  view),  ^^j  rawa^ ; 
(tomakeknown),^^\aKAar.  See  Pub- 
lish, Ph)claim. — (todemonstrate),  ^jtbji 
harhan.  See  Prove* — (to  explain),  -.^ 
iharah;  (to  teU,  teach),  Jx  ^alltm; 

(to  appear,  have  the  appearance  of), 

j^  takar. — ^And  when  they  were  upon 

it,  he  showed  her  the  place  in  which  he  had 
sees  the  damsels,  and  he  showed  her  the  sitting 

place,  and  the  pool,  iJ^  ^^j^  LsJui 

^t  l^ji^  Juu^t  \lb\j\^ 

Show  (superficialappearance),  ijya  sHrat, 
4^j  wqfh,  XiLS  kaydfat;  (pomp,  mag- 
nificent spectacle),  Jai^  mamar,  j^a^ 
nuahar  (pl.^Uo^  mosdAtr).  See  Like- 
ness, Semblance,  Phantom. 

Shower,  $.Ja^  maiar.  See  Bain. 

Shower,  v.)a^J^  9dr  matar.  See  Bain. 


SHU 


(966) 


sn) 


VhowerjfJaA^  timmiir,    8m  Bainy. 
Showing,  paH.j^  mwMr. 

Shown,  yb\b  idAir,  ^>^y«^  ma^^^-  ®^ 
Exhibited. 

Showy,  Bhowiih,  Uujl?  Mff/.  Sm  Ele- 
gant, Splendid,  Brilliant,  OstentntioiiB. 

Shred,  f .  h^  kU^t  AaLI  ihuk/at,  ij^ 
kiirat.  See  Fragment.— To  shred,  ^Li 
«Jaj  wLaj  hatta^  hUa^  hUa^, 

Shrewd  (crafty),  A^  ^^^^.^\^  a&hxb 
kilah.  See  Sly,  Cunning,— (malicious), 
jljL  «A«nr.  See  Bad,  Dangerous, 
Painfbl. 

Shrewdly  (craftily),  ^il-^J^  hikolhllah. 

Shrewdness  (i^raftmess),  4L»^  hllah*  See 
Slyness. 

Shriek,  v.  il^  Jf  ^amd  wduHihtj  J^ 
(^..^^a^  ^amal  nahlh.  [See  Cry. 

Shriek,  s.  ii^y  walwalat,  i^^»nr  naMh. 

Shrimp,  «.  (flsh),  j^»>iy  hrmfili. 

Shrink,  v.  (become  contracted),yiaJ  kuir. 
To  shrink  (from  danger),  \j^  j-^j 

Shroud,  «,  (winding-sheet),  ^  htfan. 
To  shroud,  Ji^  htffim. 

Shrouded,  JkLt  mukaffm.         [Shiver. 

Shudder,  v.  ^joiu  nafad.  See  Quake,Shake, 

ShvJ&e,  v.Us^  khaiat  See  Mix,  Mingle. 
—To  shuffle  (tergiverse),  J^W  hawtU, 
JIaJ  ia^aUal,  jjc  ^awwak*  See  Elude, 
Shift  oE— (to  tnck),  ij^  §hMh. 

Shuffle,  i.  (mixture),  U^  kkalt;  (an 
artifice),  ^d;^  Mlahf  JJi  ki^eU  See 
Trick,  Fraud.— (teigiversation),  JSm 
ia^alM.    See  Subterfuge,  Shift 

Shun,  r.  ^jOcl^I  iXtear  mm.     And 

it  is  said  by  the  prorerb,  Whoso  seeth  a  hole 
in  the  ground,  and  dotii  not  ehui  it,  and 
be  cantiovB  of  advancing  to  it  boldly, 
exposetK  himself  to  danger  and  destniction, 

v/  ^  s^l  ttT*  uM'  ^  Jji  ^J 


Shunned, 


MuJUflMT  ntiii 


Shunnii^,jwH.c---ia«^*w!f<«^ 
muhUasir,  i<*2Lfir^  micX^Mil. 

Shut,  V.  Ju>  ««tf,  jle  ghMt,  To^ 
up  (confine),  (^^'*«>-  kabn.  See  Oae, 
Confine,  Block  up. — To  shutout,  u^ 
^^  hantKMtho  MM* 

Shut,  jMPTf.  U^Jui^  ma%^^  Jy-M^.» 

See  Imprisoned. 
Shutter,  ••  (one  who  shuts),  jl*«»>f^ 

lik;  (door),  c-^V  Wi,  [ 

Shuttle^  t.  (weaving  instrument), 
Shy,   WU^\    c,.o-U   idU  Hi^ 
jjisr^  tnuhUoMr.   See  Cantious,  ¥r 
—(suspicious),  aVj^  smMosi,  u«^- 
^Ji?  «dM  stuff. 
Shyness  (onwillingneeB  to  be  iai^ 
caution),  u^Ls^j-^  jfUmOh,  lU^  * 
hahy  )olfi9^\  Miydt,  j  J^  Amt.  '?> 
Aoyd,     See  Timidify,  Beservedscft 
Sibilant  (hissing),  j\i^  mfir, 
Sibilation.     See  Hiss.  [«» 

Sick,  (j^i^  m^id,  J-U  ^h  •r 
Sicken,  r.  (grow  sick),  ^j^  mni;' 
^^  •drmorii;  (toiiieke8ick),^i/ 

Sickle,  ^  J^si«  eNNi^. 
Sickliness,  uJm  <Iii^/.    See  %vks» 
Sickly,  ui««^  <b^ir.   SeeSicL 
Sickness,  Joj^  muradt  il^  cfM.  »;?: 

wufa^.    See  Disease,  BisteDper. 
Side,  9.  uJ}»  iar^f  (pi.  uJ|>l  ^: 

i^\prfdmh,  w,.^/si4(pi.^^r^ 

iis^/sW*^  (pi.  Lz:^  Jakkdi)/L>' 
nOkiyat.  The  right  side,  ^^^ "-!,- 


8ia 


(  967 ) 


sia 


iar^f  d  yamlM.  The  left  ride,  uJ^ 
jLJI  krafalffaidr.  The  oateideof  the 
hand,  Uii\j^  aakr  al  kaf.  Near  the 
dde,  hj  the  side^  close  to  the  aide, 
jiM,  A  stiidh  in  the  side, 
ij^\^3%dtaljanb.  SeePleori^. 

al  jdniboffn.  Erom  side  to  side,  ^^ 

wi^ ^i\ i^Jff  min  taraf  %U  iaraf^ 
lege,  t,  ijJ^^sf*  nu^ioirah^J^^^a^  kk&r. 

To^siege.    See  Besiege, 
ieve^  «.  Jb^  ffhirhdl,  Jicu  mwMuk 
^'  ^'  6ij^  gharhal,  JasT  naikaL  See 

Separate,  Examine,  Try. 
liter,  I.  i^jk^  mugharHL 
ifted,  JjyU  mii^^M. 

gh,  p.  jmetT  iahauar.    See  Lament, 
Moom.— Tosighafter,  ^1  jt&^l  iiUak 
M.    See  Desire, 
gh,  ».  ijm^  koirai. 

ght,  J^  nmur,  j^  batar,  ^^^  ^oyii. 

See  Eje,  View,  Shov,  Spectacle,  Notice, 
Knowledge. — The  King,  therefore,  wondered 
It  her  sight,  at  her  heanty  and  lovelinen,  at 
ier  shape  and  the  justness  of  her  form,  and  he 
mid  to  the  merchant,  For  how  much  is  this 

dave?  Lfijj^  ^^  CXUl  4--^ 

btedfjiaj  ^  laho  naaar, 
htlj,  J;^4^  yam!/.    See  Beautiful. 
n,  $,  ijj^\  uhdrat,  LJix.  ^aldmat. 
ee  Token,  Wonder,  Miracle,  Symhol, 
'ype.  Constellation,  Monament,  Me- 
lorial. — Signs  and  tokens,  d^UUI 
z^\j\Jiki\j  ai  ^Idmdt  wal  uhdrdt. 
a,  V,  (mark),  L§ie>  J^iifi  ^amal  ^ald- 
lai,  5j\^)  J^f  ^mal  Mdrai, 
aal,  «.  ij\j^\  ithdrat,  ilki  ghamutt, 
96  Sign.— A  signal  with  the  ejOi  S^ 


Signal  (eminent,  memorable),  jj  \  *n  ^ 
muthhur,  ^JJ  hadl^fj^^wdhir.  See 

Bemarkable,  Conspicuous. 
Signalize,  9.  (make  eminent),  j^fuL«  ^ 
^amalaho  muthhur,  j^\  aMar%.    To 
signalize  onesel4  JU^Ju j.^J^\  oikhar 

Signally,  j^fuL«  jj^-y  htwqfhm  moikhHr. 
Signature,  Lo^l  imid.  The  royal  signa- 
ture, ^UaLJ\  La^\  ffiuto  oitidtdn. 

Signet,    Aifi^  Ma^jfi,  l/^^  |»^t   ''^ 

Significance,  8ignifioancy(meaning)_iit« 
ma^fsa'.  See  Signification. — (import- 
ance), Sj^j^  durHrat.  See  Energy, 
Force. 

Significant,  significatiye  (having  a  mean- 

ffki&fNi';  (important,  momentous),  f^^ 
muhimm,  ^Jl  Idtm* 

Significantly  (with  force  of  expression), 

^^iinJt  ify  J^  hikol  Hwat  alma^\ 

Signification,   ^J»»^  ma^\  ^y^  ^^ 

\^  fahwd,  S^Uc  ^drat,  ^^^ViJ  naU- 
jai.  The  evident  signification,  A^UJ 
i'SiC^ya  nattjatiorihat.  The  signification 
of  the  words,  a1C!1  ^L^uJ  ntf^a/  al 

kaldtn,  [uJji^^  ma^rfi/. 

Signified  (intimated),  w»puc^  ma^/flm. 

Signify,  i;.  (have  a  meaning),  ^^i^  ^ana'. 

— (to  intimate,  make  known)^  ^^ 

lAabbar,  flc]  JLu:1  «^to'  i^m,jf^\ 
aihiar. 
Signifying  (having  a  meaning),  ^^J^m^  ^ 

lako  ma^\  s^>^^  ma^moH.  See 
Significant. — (giving  notice),  *Jui^ 
mu^Um,  jfJ:f*  mtikiahhir.  Signifying 
nothing,  ^<A^  ^U  mdJbAo  ma^na'. 


sn. 


(968) 


SDC 


Silence,  d^^JL^  mkat,  \j:,^*.a^^  iomi, 

SUenoe,  «.  u^JL  taihU. 

Silent,  ui^L.*  idibY,  ur^wtL^  «dm$^, 
iZJyi^  tamHt.  To  be  silent,  uuX^i 
iakat,  {j:.0*a00  Mimai,  A  silent  man, 
Ail\  Jjj  iboA/  0/  kdlam.    Be  silent, 

'  )1  fuha.     The  King  talked  to 


her,  fmd  iDqnired  of  her  her  name ;  but  she 
was  BUent,  not  uttering  a  single  word,  nor  re- 
taining him  an  answer,  CXLiJI  iLoi 

Silently,  dJ^^L}  J^  hikoliukut,  ij:.^^,^ 

Utamt. 
Silk,  ji^  ^«rlr.     Sewing  silk,  jij>- 

^Lsr  /*5^;f^  Aorfr  mahUm  lU  hhi- 

ffatah,  ^^fsu9jijs^  h^nrmaftal.  Raw 
silk,  jj  ^.  TJnspan  silk,  jJ  i^. 
Plain  silk,  ^  jLj^j^  Aorlr  «Sd!tiA. 

Silk,  silken,  jij>-  harir.  A  silk  gar- 
ment, ^^  ^  Jj  ^a<{^  ^Ir. 

Silk  mercer,  8,  i^J^j>-  hardyri. 

Silkworm,  jij^^  0^*^  dud  dlharir. 

Sillily,  ^jLe  J^  Ukol  ghabdwat,  JCj 
Jax:  JLilsr*  hikol  iakhdfat  ^aJd. 

Silliness,  Ja£  Jcilsr*  <a^Ad/a^  ^l,  S^Li 
ghahdwat,  Ja£  i%J^  ^oilam  ^a^/.  See 
Stupidity,  Folly. 

Silly,  JiJl  i^jLi-  Mi&Af/  «/  ^akl  See 
Foolish,  Trifling;  Harmless,  Simple, 
Weak,  Helpless. 

Sillyhow.  See  Membrane  which  envel- 
opes the  child  in  the  womb. 

Silver,  iJai  faddah.  A  silver  mine, 
<Uai  ^dxx*  ma^dan  faddah,  Qoiok- 
silver,  ^jmjJ  nayhak. 

Silver,  v,  (cover  or  ornament  with  silver), 
A-ailb  ^  tM  hil  faddah. 


SiLTersmith  (or  goldBmith),   i.  w'^ 

Silvered,  silvery,  ^^^om^  mufadM. 
Similar,  J2m«  rnitd,  (JjLai^  mtrflidti?,  i:lli 

mtM^^tA,  j2a^  naar.     See  like. 
Similarity,  similitude,  ZIjUb«« 

See  Besemblance,  Likeneas,  EqusHti 

Sameness. 
Simile,  «.  Jtfi^J   ^«Mi/,    ^Jl^  mai 

^UmuJ  toA^lA.     See  CompaciaoiL' 
Simony,   UjoJU  ^«)Jt  ^^   ^y^  ^^ 

Simper,  $,  mm*^  taboinun.  See  Smik 
Simple  (not  compound),  ^^^^j^fkr 
murakkab,  lajMit  30«I< ;  (single),  4^^ 
mif^roi;  (plain),  zrjLa  «ddSs;  (artka 
unskilful,  weak  in  understBodiE:. 
jAii\i^J^  iakhif  al  ^;  (het 
less,  undesigning),  )a»m}  haOt^  ^J» 
iddij.  See  Innocent,  Guileless. 
Simple,  t.  (in  botany),  cZ^lJ  jm^  f^ 
(Jl^l;lJ  no^fiiaQ.  See  Herb.— lb 
knowledge  of  simples,   cl;ULJ^  ^ 

^tlm  annabdtdL    To  simple  or  gitbr 
simples,  cii^ULj  ^^^jawta^  iia^alt: 

Simpleton,  «.  (in  Beirut)  J^L^  itfi^ 
iJaxI!  w,,aj.gr»  takhlfal  ^dti,  JiM  *i^ 
^^/»7.    See  Fool,  Trifler. 

Simplicity  (plainness,  without  cunaii^ 
or  deceit),  ^LuJ   hoidtai;    (witkc: 
abstruseness),  As»-^«x«i  saddJtU;  (with- 
out  finely),   <CjJ  aJ^  ^adam  siM^ 
(weakness,  silliness),  Jac  aJ^  ^4d» 

^ail.     Affecting,  assuming  the  air  ^ 
simplicity,  *«Mbi  idU-  ^^A£.  ^amai  hi- 
laho  ffhaahlm. 
Simply    (without    experience),    aSJt 
^U^l  hi  ^adrnn  mtihdn;  (vitboc: 


sm 


(969) 


SDf 


tifice),  JLi>-Ujuu  hi^adam  ihtiydl; 

bollBbly),  Ji^i^Juu  hi  ^adam  ^M\ 

lolely,  merely),  laJJ  fakait  Uik^ 
ti^Aiibfi,  jU^lt  Jif  ^'  iU  iOak. 

ee  Entirely.^  without  addition),  ^^ 
y\jjj^  mln  ghayr  wiyddah. 
ulation,  bj  riyd,  2^l[|^  mardydh, 
3e  Dissimulatioiiy  Hypocrisy, 
oltaneons  (acting  together),  cuJ^  J^ 
r<l  tfoifc^ ;  (existing  together),  Jji 
,j\j  ford  %at. 

iXi<.  hhatiyat  (pi.  blL:;^  hhatdyd). 
^  Wickedness,  Crime,  Fault. — Small 
'  venial  sins,  JUi^bUas^  hhatdyd 
vradiyah.  A  mortal  sin,  K^^kAm  <uVi*'w 

ia/ty0^  mumf^^.  Original  sin,  JLks^l 
J^Slt  a/  hhatiyat  al  atliyat. 
V.    ^J2:i^\    ahhta\    fJa^L  c^Jur^t 

(aiM  khatiyaL 

le  (seeing  that),  tjia3  mnuirafi,  ^^ 

\  ^^*!>-  tnin  hays  an,  ^1  lion ;  (from 

at  time),  tJL^^\  cJl  J  ^^  mm  %dh 

waht.     Long  since,   J^i  ^^  mtii 

&/,  a£J^  ^  fnin  hadlm,  t« ji^  mM« 

idapum.  My  father  died  since,  and  I  be- 
ne a  Saltan  after  him ;  and  I  married  the 
ighter  of  my  nncle,  who  naed  to  lore  me 

cessively,  (ji-ulaLyJj  <^*^|^  iJy  fi 


J\^, 


i^^\j  (j: 


iJju 


3^ 


Bre,  J  jl^  9ddih,  ^lfi»-  hhdlii,  ^^A^ 
A^\  mUim  al  hM.  See  Honest — 
amixed),  ^y^  '*/*•  ^  Pure. — 
sincere  heart,  Jblt  %^Xi  haXb  idhir. 
Q  Sincerity. 

)rely,  ij\s^  JCf  Uhd  saddhat,  JCj 
^  bihol  hahlhai,  jxAl  ha  Mh, 

l^\JC!  hOolthhldi,  jjlJUIu 
^L>4^j  highdyai  auidh  wal  ihhldtn 


Sincerity,   i3\x^  iaddhat,  jXa  iidh^ 

^If^t  Mld$,  lliLa^  muidfdh. 
Sinew, «.  L,.^rtr>  ^oioh  (pi.  c^Uicl  a^dh)^ 

cljjill  J.^  Ao^/  ossiirA^.  See  Ten- 
don, Muscle.  [Strong,  Muscular. 

Sinewed,  qinewy,  L^yoM^  ma^mh.  See 

Sinfiil,  ^U.  ihdif,  ^2^^  mukhattl. 
See  Wicked,  Impious. 

Sinfully,  JuLf^^^  JCj  hthol  sharrin  toa 
hhatiyah.  [See  Sin* 

Sinfiihiess,  blks)\  XJU.  hdlat  al  hhatdyd. 

Sing,  V.  _ic  ffhanna* ;  (in  church),  JJ^ 
ratUdy  J!L»  iahhah.    To  sing  a  funeral 

dirge,  ^j  ra«i,     Ilh  sing  to  any  one 

in  derision,  UCff  4)  ^^li  ghmmtl  laho 

toKakkumtm.  Thereupon  the  female  slaTee 
and  ooncubinee  playea  before  her  with  all 
kinds  of  mnmcal  instntmentB,  and  sports,  and 
other  performances;  and  they  sang  so  that 
erery  one  who  was  present  was  mored  with 
delight,  whilst  the  damsel  looked  at  them  and 
waa  silent,  neither  langhing  nor  speaking, 

J}\m^  lf«1jJ  i^j^j^^^  f^J^yr^  CL>w>ttli 


Singer,  «.  ^A^y  miighannU  A  female 
singer,  ^U:JL«  mvghanmyah. 

Singing,  #.  Le  ghind.    See  Song. 

Single,  tJ^jifard  (pi.  j\j3\  afrdd),  S^\j 
wdhid,  JjL9  mujrad.  See  Simple. — 
(indiridnal),  ^yas:^  mahhtiU.  A 
single  person  (an  indiridual),  ^joas^ 
tX>A^  shahha  tedhid;  (an  unmarried 
person),  ^Je]  a^nah.    See  Bachelor. 

Singly,  \jji  \jji  fardoH  fardan,  l«X»-lj 


\ 


\^  wdhidan  wdhidan. 


Singular,   J^  mufrad,   J^\^    tDdhid, 


SIB 


(970) 


SKS 


i^^ywahld.  Bee  Singla.— (unooimnwi, 
rare),  jJU  nddir,  jJ[J^  hoA^.  Any- 
thing singular  or  rare,  iu  Ja  Mn^^j 
9jj\j  nddirah.  See  Rarity.— The 
gmgular  number  (in  grammar),  J^ 
mufrad. 

Singularity,  ij^j  tt^aWdfc  iJby  far- 
ddniyat,  jj/il  in/Srdrf;  (peculiarity), 
K^yA^^  khu^yat. 

Singularize^  v.  J^  ^d-**  ^oma^Ao  m«- 
^ai,  J;i  Hj^  ioyyarraho  fard. 

Singularly,  J^  ^y  biwofhin  mujrad. 
See  Singly.— (uncommonly),  f^r^ 
{^  —  ^  hitpqihin  ^ajlh. 

Sinister  (left),  JUl  »Aimal;  (bad,  un- 

feir),  ^j^  *•«**»  ^^y-^  ^*<^  •*^*' 
See  Dishoneati  Iniquitous,  Perreree, 
Unlucky.  [luckily,  Perversely. 

Sinistronsly,  ^y»^,  hinahnn,  SeeFn- 

Sink,  V.  (in  water),  ^jJal  #Wm;  (to 
cause  to  sink  under  water),  ^jmLc 
$haUM\  (to  penetrate,  enter),  JuaJ 
fin/ai.  To  sink  a  ship,  ^^f  Sj^ 
gharrah  markab.  See  Shipwreck.— To 
sink  (as  a  ship),  Jji  ffhereh.^  To  sink  a 
mine,  i^^  ftakah.  To  sink  (suppress, 
conceal),  ^^As^.!  «i6A/«'-  [*Aa%a^. 

Sinless,  lJcLi^\  ^^  ,^j^  hairl  mm  d 

Sinner,  «.  ^l>*  iAfift* 

Sip,  f^.  ^/o^  »«>#• 

Siphon,  9.  h\ai  JtoiOMy  f^y^\  lunhnh. 

Sir,  Jb^l^U  yd  hhmo&jah 

Siren,  9.j^\  ^.i-^  Wnf  a/  ioAr. 

Sirius,  jLfll  i--J^  *«»  aljtAhdr,  s,^^ 

sha^raf.    See  Dog-star. 
Sirup,  hjJi»  Mharhat  (pi.  vJiaM^  jA«rd- 

lai).     A  maker  of  sirups,   JW!/^ 

Sister,   «.  l;:.'Cs.\  uilU,  ^mJ^  Ml^hat 


Wife'a  sister,  ^\  ^^^^^  *"*  «^f 

wife),   ^«  ^Vl  aiiw^  rf  •i^ 
foster-sister,  ^J^t^j  radl^ 
Sisteriy,  O-^^t  Jt^mMdiM 

Sit,  r.  e,A«r  y«*"'  •^  *^^-  ^^^ 

•r  order  to  at»  ,^Jjr\  tf?T«-  T»* 

the  middle,  !fl-.^\  ^^i  u-^>^'' 

i^MO^    To  at  oppositB,  Jf\*-tH 

jtfJ^miadM.     To  sit  down  lfig«^ 

\y^  \^^  ka^H  «!!««.— As* «» 
the  Bon io8e,heaPoae  and opand the^ 
ascended  to  the  top.     He  sat  tliae,as«^ 

not  to  sit  until  nightfiill,  u>«ti  1 

Sitter,  #.  ^^-  y<»^«- 

Sittmg,  part.  ^^^  J««»»  "^^^  ^ 

Situate,  atuated,  ^^y*  •w«^jr 

Situation,  (place),  ^\C^  maio*.  , 

mahaU,  ^^  flwtrA»t  ^^-  f'V' 

wadii);  (state,  condition),  J>* 

ZJU-  hdM. 

Six,  X.L»  nto^ 

Sixteen,  ^Lx  i:u^  w<te<  ^w»ir. 

Sixteenth,  yt*fi  |^ jU  •arf«r  ^«*' 

Sixth,  ^jL  fflilM.   Asixthpsrt/ 

iuds.    Sixthly, 'L-oU  iditoi- 
Sixtieth,  ^yu-  iiUHn,  .-i-  ««^ 
Sixty,  ^^;-a^  wtan. 
Size,  j\  jX*  i»«iWfir,  j  j5  Ww.  S»^^ 

Magnitude,  Bulk.  [^ 

Size  (viseous  substance),  {j^j* 

Size, «.  (measure),  (jm*15  to-Seelta^J 

— (to  cover  with  glutinous  jb0^* 

Jmak,  ^/f- ghmmf .   SeeGlw 

Skeptkk  (usually  spdt  Sceptk)r^ " 

who  donbta  of  eT^tbing})  i/^ 


BKU 


(971) 


SLA 


eptickal  (Ml  of  doubt),  ^^j^^  <mw- 
eptickism,  (jiwf^^  woiwHi.  [wd«I. 
etch,  i,  (a  roQgh  draft,  first  plan), 
r  J^«ub«  muMwwadaK 
ilful,^LM»  ih&tir{^UL  S7ria),y^U  MdMr, 
J  jl>-  AdgAJ^.  See  Knowing,  Intelligent, 
Expert.  [wa  tna^fnh, 

llfblly,  ^y^^  if;lk&  J^  UkoUhatarat 

ilfolnefls,  skill,  r^lL^  MtffAraA,  Jx 

•ee  Dexterity,  Knowledge.  —  The  sheykh 
tierefore  adyanced  to  those  locks,  tad  he 
pened  them  hy  his  knowledge  and  oouzage 

nd  great  skill,  Jj\j  Jl  ^1  ^.^xii 

Ued.  See  Skilful.— Skilled  in  the 
tonagemexxt  of  afiain,  i^^efT  w^.^a^-L^ 
J  jjj  «dA•^  tafribat  wa  iadhir. 

Q,  jJc^  ySi  (pi.  JjjlS»>  J¥liki)^jLi 

Mr.  See  Hide^  Huak»  Bark,  Ifeia- 
rane.  Leather.  [buhmr. 

a,  f .  (day,  peel),   ^  MbM,  ^^ 

ined,  ^^Um^  matkLkh,jySJL9makihlir. 

iner,  f .  i^Jjls^  julftdi, 

ming,  |Nir^.  JL»  «d/>M;   f*  <Vh)uMj 

i/^M,  ^  MttA.  [See  Flight 

miah,  9.  l^j\^  hdrdby  Jjli  idM. 

mish,  «.  iLbli^  mukdiaUi. 

t,  Jja  dle^ly  ^lii^  bmdr.  See  Border, 

g^  Margin^— As  for  the  world  fall  not  into 
soaree,  nor  cling  to  its  skirts ;  for  I  pos- 
led  fovr  thousand  bay  horses  in  a  stable ; 
I  I  married  a  thousand  princesses,  the 
ighters  of  kings,  high-bosoined  lirguis,  like 

K)ng,  L^  L>-  ^  ^^^  W^^  ^1^ 


rjLHJjy'^W  c> 


Sky,  U^  Mm^,  clj3i  fdUk.  See  Air, 
Heaven.  A  serene  sky,  ,<>-l^  U^ 
•imd^f.    Sky-ooloored.  ^i;JU.  M. 

matfff.     See  Azure. — And  when  the  dawn 


so  high  that  I  imaf^ed  it  had  reached  the 
highest  region  of  the  sky,  ^^  \a1J 

Slah,  f.  ^jl  knoh.    A  marhle  slab,  -.^ 

j^y9  lawh  marmar. 

Slaok,  «.  slacken  (loosen),  JU-  M7»  (to 
grow  lees  tense),  Jo^  tnM;  (to  become 
remiss),  JiU?  Ufhdfal.  See  Belax, 
Languish,  Fail,  Flag;  Ease^  Believe, 
Mitigate. 

Slack  (not  teoae  or  oompaol),  Jjl^^e^ 
maUMl;  (remiss),  Jili  ^OfiL  See 
Careless.        [Bemissness,  Negligence. 

Slackness,  JJusT  taUll,  J:»-  Xoff.     See 

Slain,  JjiL*  makM,  Jsjb>^  munkatU. 

Slake,  V.  J>>  Aa0.  See  Quench,  Slacken. 
Slander,  v.  ^Le  c^^^  ^^W^  ^o/a'.  See 

Bevile.  [Beproach. 

Slander,  Ia^  namlmdh.  See  Calumny, 
Slanderer,  «.  slanderous,  ^jiiu^mufUm^y 

Af^  muMtm.    See  Calumniator,  Be- 

proachfnl. 
Slanderously,  Ju^j  \fi\  JCj  UMiJUrd 

Slash,  «.  (wound,  cut),  ^LS  ibf^.  To 
slash,  ^LS  tata^.  Slashed,  ^Vigv^ 
mioiila^f ^.  See  Cut,  Wounded. 

Slave,  Juc  ^«><f,  vl^^U^  nMWi/ai^.  See 
Servant. — ^A  female  slave,  if  Jue  ^Mat. 
See  Maid-seryant.    A  slave-mexohaati 


SLE 


(972) 


SU 


nrfi.  And  my  fcther  was  (deccttTedJ  impoBed 
upon  by  his  plaunble  pretences,  and  married 
^e  to  him  without  aacertaining  his  condition ; 
and  when  (my  husband)  bad  removed  me  from 
the  cover  which  formed  my  shelter  at  home, 
and  had  carried  me  away  to  a  distance  from 
my  people,  and  transferred  me  to  his  abode, 
and  orooght  me  under  his  rule,  he  made  me 

bis  dave, ^j^j^.  ^^J^^ 


Slaver,  ^}ij  rl*,  jl«^  husdh  or  jUj 
husdk,  j\j>  htudk.  See  Spittle. 

Slaver,  v.  ^J^  hatak. 

Slavery,  i  J;^  ^ndiyai,  jli/i-»^  w<«r- 
kdi.      See  Servitude. 

Slaaghter,  Jsj  kaU.     So  when  he  was 

told  that  thou  hadst  fought  with  the  King,  and 
that  conflicts  and  slaughter  had  ensued  between 

jou,  he  was  terrified,  and  fled,  US  ^U 

Slaughter,  v.  (kill),  Jsj  katal;  (kill  ani- 
mab  for  food),  ^  J  %abah.  To  kill,  slay. 
See  Butchery. 

Slaughter*house,  «.  ^U-  l^\^  ioMdl 

khanahy  '^^  maslaih.  [vile.  Mean. 
Slavish,  JJ  J  %dl%lyjJu>-  haklr.  See  Ser- 
Slavishly,«?r.^;-A>-^^  Unaw^n  haklr. 
Slavishness,  SjIa>-  hakdnU.See  Meanness. 
Slay,  r.  Ji3  katal.    See  Kill,  Butcher, 

Murder.—A  slayer,  JJlS  kdtU.    See 

Killer,  Murderer,  Butcher. 
Sleek,  ^Xs^  mujll,  J^S-a^  tnaskul.  See 

Smooth,  Glossy. 
Sleek,  V.  ^l^^jala',  JJLc  »akal. 

Sleep,  V.  a13  n&m,  Sij  rakad.  To  cause 

to  sleep,  A«J  iMiyyam.    To  feign  sleep. 


J\3  ^U»-  (>e  ^W  UUk  up. 
To  sleep  upon  the  hack,  Mj^  ^*« 

nam  ^mUl  ctdAriAt.— But  see,  0  n?  le 
whether  thy  son  be  asleep  or  lui  ^ 
therefore  felt  him,  and  she  fovnd  thssbei? 
tiie  appearance  of  deep ;  so  she  said  tzib 
He  is  asleep:  what  then  hast  thou  to  vx 
what  is  ^y  derire  oonoening  bis  dsfs: 

» /•yJ^  J^S^  ^  ClJJtf^-y  4S**^»1* 

Sleep,  Ay  ikifrm,  jU;  miai.   Torn 

from  sleep,  |»yJ\  ^^  ^'^^^ 
naum.  SeeAwake,  Bouse.— To  »«s 

fix>m  sleep,  ^yJt  ^^^  <p/«l3'«* 

Sleeper,  f .  JU  fifiyim  (fern.  hS^  *" 

SleepUy,  (•SUM  J2^  mid  atmafm.  ^ 

Lazily,  Stupidly. 
Sleepiness,  ^y»«5  iMi^a*.  SeeDiwa^ 
Sleepless,  JjU  fasfik,  J^  i«5* 
See  Wakefiil.— I  passed  tiie  nigbt  ^*' 
fearing  that,  if  I  alcpt,  the  biri  ^• 
fly  away  with  md  when  Iwuvi^ 

^  liy:;.  I>U  iJJJl  vJ3j -^ 

Keepy,  ^;U*«3  no^fdii. 
Sleeping,  j?<if^.  JU  ndyim. 
Sleeve,  t.  I^  *w»»  (pi.  fX^  •^ 
Sleeved,  aU^\  ^  ^«Ao  oJmaai, 
Sleeveless,  aU^  ^U  moMo  ii»^ 
Sleight  (artifice),  jLp^  MM ;  (trt^  * 

san^.  See  SkiU. 
Slender  (slim),  t— Pj«^  ^l/^» 

(pi.  uJlar  iwAd/),  JhJ,  raiii-  ' 

Thin,  Small,  Weak. 
Slenderly,  Xil^  W>wAa/rf,  Ij'^A  "^ 

fiau'ii^.  See  subtly,  Meanly  ^> 

ness,  ^Ur  nahdfai,  Uj  nttfl 
SHce,  #.  dt*L3  W^fl*,  *>yi  t*«^** 


su 


(973) 


SLO 


iZi\»-jJit  tharhat),    A  slice  of  meat, 


yJ^  iharhai  lahm. 


ice,  p.  C^l>-^  CL'Uy^  ^Li  kaita^ 
aharhdt  tharhdt    See  Gat,  Divide, 
ide,  V,  J^»yf  iMohiak,  Jh|j  »(dak.  See 
Slip.    To  fall  when  sUding  on  the  ice, 
f^j  uHah 

ide,  «.  (slippery  paasage),  ij^yt  mada- 
hah,  A  slider  on  the  ice,  ^Is.  Jhj/-:^ 
)^\  muiauHUk  ^M  alhuz. 
ight  (inconsiderable),  ^ J  dun,  JJJ 
iaiilyjJuc  ioghlr.  See  Small,  Super- 
icial.  Trifling,  Worthless. — (weak,  un- 
important, without  force  or  effect), 
•J-juJ  da^f',  (thin),  jJj  rahlh,  ^\j 

•ta^fffi.   Slight  silk,  ^U  jij>^  harir 

td^m.    Slight  paper,  j;J;  j^^  warak 

"akik, 

ght  (contempt,  neglect)^  £U\  ihdnat, 

r^U>-  hakarat.     See  Scorn,   Snper- 

iliousness. 

ght,  V,  XjUl  J.^4£  ^amal  ihdnat,jSs^^\ 

TUakar,     See  Despise,  Neglect. 

ghted,  ^lf«  muhdn. 

ghting,  i^or^.  ^j^i^  mvhln. 

ghtingly,  JULlbl  JC;  hikol   thdftah, 

\£s,^^\j  hiihtik&r,  f\yi^^\L  htld  ihtirdm, 

3^hter,  9.  ^^ji^  muhln. 
^htlj   (without  force   or  strength), 
^  L  Md  kUwat.  See  Weekly. — (negli- 
ently),  JUjbl  J^  hikol  ihmdl. 
^btness,  ifJflSI  ^^xc.  ^adam  al  kuwat, 

aUs^  rakhdwat.  See  Weakness,  Thin- 
ess. — (want    of    attention),    JUjbt 
Ifndl,  See  Negligence. 
\^,  9,   (for  throwing   stones),  clLt 

[uila^;  (a  hanging  bandage  for  a 
roken  arm,  etc.),  lULoc  ^i9dhat;  (a 
LTOW,  stroke),  ^^j  rami,  ^jo  darh. 


Sling,  r.  ciLjb  c-.^  (Iara&  6»7  mukld^, 

^j  rama\    See  Throw,  Cast 

Slip,  V.  (slide),  J^Ij  %alak.  See  Slide ; 
To  faU. — (to  omit  or  neglect),  ^  J.4X 
^nud  JoAfl,  JiUj>  taghdfal,  ^<mJ  »Mf. 

Slip,  «.  Uj  tallat,  J!j  ttf/o/.  A  slip  of 
the  foot,  Ai^isij  talkat  kadam,  A  slip 

of  the  pen,  Ji  ^  9ahu  kalam.   A  slip 

of  the  tongue,  ^UJl  ^  ^LjUI  ^f^ 
M^fl  a/  tfMdii  mtii  a/  lUdn.  A  dip, 
(mistake),  ^  9ahu,  Iks^  iAaM,  J!j 
sob/.  See  Error,  Fault.  A  slip  out  or 
torn  from  the  main  trunk  of  a  tree, 
Ji  kiUam, 

Slipper,  <•  ^^l;  hdiiuh. 

Slipperiness,  i&Jy  nuulakat 

Slippery,  y^  tuuu,  Jh|j  Mlk,  J]j  %aldi, 

A  slippery  place,  ^u!^  madakai. 
SUt,  V.  JJ^  9hak,  ^falak.  SeeSpUt.^ 

A  slit,  ^  «Aa.— See  Split,  Bent, 

Tear,  Gut. 
Slope,  r.  (be  oblique),  Jt«  mdl,  ^^^)\ 

imah;  (to  make  oblique),  J^U  ^dui^A 


amalaho 


^amalahomdyil, 
mufuab.   See  Slant 

Slope,  sloping,  <.  jj«x»»  hadUr.  See  De- 
clivity, Obliqueness. 

Sloping,  0^'.  t^Sa*.  hatut,  J^t*  moyl/, 
<^^.nv^  munsabtjS^X^  munhadir.  See 
Oblique,  Steep. — Slope,  slopewise, 
slopingly,  ^4^Lid3b  hiifuibdUn,  See 
Slantingly. 

Sloth,  slothfulness,  JUjbf  fAmS/,  ^Ja*^ 
^Mff/,  ^^If^  iahdwun.  See  Laziness, 
Idleness. 

Slothful,  (^^If^  mutahdwin,  ^jSLm^  ib«- 
/di>  cW^  mt<Amt7,  (J^  ianbal.  See 
Indolent,  Lazy,  Sluggish,  Slow. 

SlothfuUy,  ^V^  J^(  J6  iiib/  faiol 


SLU 


(974) 


StLk 


iM  UtKdmm.  A  ilothfiil  man,  «_»>l« 
JUaI  tohib  ikHdl,  J^  hul&n.  See 
Slnggazd. 
Sbven^  alouohy  «.  lauli  ^halH,  Li  kaid. 

SIovenlineaB,  l^li.  phaUtm^  ^lU  i»  Jk£ 

^iMbm  latdfai. 
Slorenly,  adj.  laAe  $hdtlM\  ath,  aJmu 

J[iiy  &t  ^a20m  ktafai.  [Manh. 

Slough,  «.  ^Ift-^  wahalai.     See  Paddle, 

Slow,  ii^l^  hail  at  haraiai;  (to 

anger),  JUl  Jj^  foipi^  a/  M/;  (not 

qviok  or  prompt),  A^yJt  aJ^Jlc  ^inilm 

OMifr^aA.     See  Laay,  Slaggteh,  Sloth- 
fill.  Dull,  Inactive,  Dilatoiy. 

Slowly,  dlsP'j^  ^j^  min  ^haft  ^a/gM, 
^Jf«  ^Jlc  ^oltf'  makl. 

Slowness,  Af^l  aJlc  ^lu^eMfi  aunsr^hf 
ILjI  t^^d,  ^  5a^a.  See  Sluggishness, 
Dilatoriness,  ProcrastinatioB,  Dulness, 
Deliberation. 

Slubber,  v,  (do  anything  earelesdy  or 
inelegantly),  J^^Jbf  akmal. 

Sluggard, «.  ^J^^  kaildn,  JUjbl  c^^^^^lig 
«dAt3  t^md/,  J^UcL^  muiakdsih 

Sluggish,  J«il^  mii^j^«t7,  J^  /anSa/, 
ujyL«]1  ^kj  &a/I  a/  mashrah,  ^^^^ 

kasldn,   ^L**^  iU«7d»aA.      See  Lazy, 
Slow,  Slothful,  Indolent,  Idle,  Dull. 

Sluggishly,  JUjbl^  ^  J^  J^  ^*^'  ^^wo- 
^tn  li^a  ihtndl.     See  Slowly,  Lazily. 

Sluggishness,  J^  ^o/,  JUftl  lAmd/, 
J^l^  takdnd.  See  Sloth,  Laziness, 
Slowness.  [Sleep. 

Slumber,  «.  ^^^mju  nff^M,  ^y  ftatrm.  See 

Slumber,  v.  ^^wju  na^M.    See  Sleep. 

Slur,  «.  (slight  disgrace),  c^.w*;  ^oy^, 
^  ^oJfc^aA.  See  Blot,  Stain.— To 
cast  a  slur,  v,,..^  ^ffob,  ^^Jh  tara$h. 


To  sbr,  ^-fT  ^  J^  ^mJ/i^ 
^oy^.    See  Stain,  Soil,  Galamiuik. 

Sluttishness,  ^j  ip«mU. 

Sly,^\L«  makkOr,  Jl:;^^  «MftU2,  ^a> 
i^aidd^.     See  Cuaaiag. 

Slyly,  J W'j.t!'^  J^  KW  ti* 

To  act  slyly.  Jus  J\s^\  ikUl  .m 

Slyness  (designing  artifice),  JL:^^  ^ 

ffdl,  ^Ju>-  Al2ffA.     Bee  Cunning. 
Smaek,  v.  (have  the  taste  of),   f\'» 

tndl%la\  ^tW;.M  uiat^mn,  ^LJ  M^ 

See  Savor. — (to  kiss),  ^^^  ■«« 
^/mU  hdt. 

Smack,  «.  (taste),  ;<>!  laaai.  ^hrz 
Flavour. — (with  the  lips),  its:*  w^ 
See  Kiss. — A  smack  with  the  tc^ 
(.ji^  kaf;  (a  small  ship),  ^Ju  l^/ 
mar^  Boghlr,     See  Ship. 

SmaU,  ^^  fo^Afr,  JJi  hM,  ^ 
Little,  Minute,  Petty,  Few,  Slesi 
"Weak. — Small  in  quantity,  *}J«i'  ^r 
io/f/  al  ^adad,  A  small  qiustr 
JJi  ^  «Ay  Wf /.  See  Little,  ^ 
tide.  Quantity. — Small  of  stature, -ri 
l^\li\  jbrtr  a/  kdmst,  ^^j^  ^i 
0?  ib^.  Great  and  small,  ^^;,'^ 
kibdr  wa  BtgKdr,  To  make  small^^l 
taghghir.     To  be  small,  yj*rfj'-»H 

Smaller,  Jutfl  atghar. 

Smallest,  yutf^l  al  atghar,  ^yi^j 

asghar  mdgakun.    See  Least 
Small-pox,  i^jSs^  jadari.    Seiad 

the  small-pox,  jSs:^  mujadiir. 
Smallness,  jLp  stghr. 


Smaragdine,  i^*^^j  aumumdl 
Smart,  j\j^  kdd.      See  8ba/p>  ^ 
Pungent;  Quick,  Acti?e.— (^''^^ 


SMI 


(975) 


8M0 


mind),   jjL^   h&dik.     See  Witty, 

Brisk,  Lively. 

nart  (pain),  ^^^  *^^t  ft^  ^^m«  See 

Pain.— A  smart  fellow,  d^^  sorl/. 

nartly,  Jb  jU^  J^  hikol  hdddifot.     See 

Sharply,  Briskly,  Yigoroosly. 

aartness,  l^J  %ah&,  U^^farSnat,  h\Jo 

tardfat.      See  Liveliness,  Quiokness, 

Briskness. 

natter,   v.  (have  a  sKgiit  imperfect 

^araf  oBhihy  ma^rifah  ghayr  hdmUah ; 
[to  talk  saperfioially  or  ignorantly), 
\3jXy%j^  ^  Jjo  takdUam  min  ghayr 

lell,  V,  (to  have  or  difpase  a  smell), 
uJ?  ^a^\j  ^  laho  rdyihat  taytbat.  See 
Scent,  Perfnme. — (to  perceive  hy  the 
lose),  M  ihamm.  To  smell  (any 
lesign),  MM,\J<  isiasham.  See  Snspect. 
lell  (power  of  smelling),  Z««LlJI  iji 
^cuwat(uhahdmat,Jt^\a»h»ham;  (odour), 

^skC'j  rdyihat,  c--^  fli. 
teller,  «.  a^LI  shdmim. 

lelt,  AiijbL*  mushtam, 

lelt,  V.  (melt  metals),  ^jU^  t_  /tt 

dJbxd  ma-^ddin.   See  Melt. 

lelter,  <.^*j^  mudawwib, 

lie,  V,  mjmJj  tahassam.    To  smile  at 

ronically,  J^  takallah. 

He,  s.  A^uyuJ  tabiutum,  aUmCjI  ihtudm. 

ilingfpart.  jh^^s^  mutaioisim, 

ilingly,  s^^^J  JCjhikol  tahasmm.  There- 

pon  he  looked  down  like  a  serpent,  collect- 
ig  his  long  uleeves,  and,  preparing  himself 
»r  a  sharp  conflict,  said.  Vleaie  to  lend  ear. 
>    iny   narration,   for   it    is  truly  strange; 
.  -will  at  the  same  time  provoke  imiles  and 

lOve  to  tears,  ^^yuiJI  j\Jb\  jjali 


Smite,  V.  L^j^darah*  See  Strike,  Beat 

(to  kill,  ^.9.),  J:j  hatal.    See  Blast, 

Destroy,  Afflict (to  collide),   j^o\^ 

iddam.   See  Dash. 

Smiter,  «.  ^^l•^  ddrib. 

Smitten,  c^jy.a^  m<iiHl3.  Smitten  with 
love,  ^fJ^  maftun.  To  he  smitten 
with  love,  ^^fjutj\^  sdr  mafinn. 

Smith, «.  (especially  a  blacksmith),  jld^ 
hadddd.  A  locksmith,  J  Ui  ib^/.  A 
smith  that  shoes  horses,  jlko  hltar. 
See  Farrier. — A  goldsmith,  ^\^Mdy^h 
(pi.  ^U*  ilydgh).  A  coppersmith, 
yM\a^nahhds,  A  gun-smith,  ^gsfi^^^ 

jakmakfi,  i^^j^yi  hawdridl.'  A  smith's 
forceps,  iUiU^  kammdaha.  See  Forceps. 
— ^A  smith's  hammer,  AjJx«  matraka. 

Smith's  shop,  «.  jIjl^I  ^l^J  dukkdn  al 
hadddd. 

Smoke,  ^W-J  dukhkhdn.  Of  the  colour 
of  smoke,  (Jl£>>.  J  dukhkhdnl.  Flame 
without  smoke,  jU  I  ^U  U$dn  anndr. 
The  smoke  of  a  furnace,  ^Ji\  ^Ir^-J 
dukhkhdn  alfum.  A  vent  for  letting 
out  amoke,  lisi^S^madkhanah.  Being 

troubled  with  smoke,   ^^^^LjJ  tadakh- 

khan.  Attend  then  to  mj  charge,  and 
eschew  disobedience  to  me;  adopt  mj  ex- 
ample, and  ponder  well  my  proverbs ;  for  if 
thou  take  my  counsel  as  thy  counsellor,  and 
the  light  that  I  give  thee  as  thy  miming 
light,  thj  storehouse  will  be  full,  and  thj 


hospitable  smoke  arise,  * 


tjT'j?*^^ 


ki^-li 


\...\C<}U« 


'^^3 


J^\ 


Smoke,  i^.   (send  forth  smoke), 


8K0 


(976) 


SNE 


dakhihan;  (to  dry  flesh,  etc.,  in  smoke), 
Jj  jj  ^;s^  J  dakkkhan  kaild.  To  smoke 
tobacco,  ^l^^  S-^  skurh  dukkkkdn; 
(to  smell  or  find  out),  *MCLii\  M^ofAam, 

Smoked,  ^;£^«Vt  moisiUifc^fi.  Smoked 
flesh,  Jjjj  ^M^i.  To  be  smoked, 
^«^jj  tadakkkkan.  [kk&n. 

Smokeless,  ^^Is^  J  JUi  U  m4  /IA»  Jw^- 

Smoker,  «.  (of  tobacco),  ^;V£wj  u-^  i^ 
«tori3  iiii&A^^ii. 

Smoking,  part,  ^p- J^  mifdiai&AiAm. 

Smoky,  ^^S^  mudakkkkan,^J^t}iAA>Jb 

ta^matako  dukkkkdn* 
Smooth  (polished,  glossy),  J^iio^  nuukiU, 

_Le^  mufalla*.  See  Sleek. — (not  rough 

or  unequal  on  the  surface),  ^^Lm^ 

tnuatawlf  ^jJl^\  andas.   See  Lerel 

(mild,    adulatory),  jJjbiV*   mudakliz ; 

(polite),  i>m^Je>  MTif  (fem.  ^ji?  sorf- 

/aO>  ^-A:^  ^^l/*  (fem.  ^uJaS  2ti/i/iO. 
Smooth  to  the  palate,  Jj  jJ  la%lz.  See 
Palatable.  —  Smooth-tongued, 
fasik.  See  Eloquent. 
Smooth,  V,  ^^l>-jala*,  Ji.^  «aib7.    See 

Polish (to  make  leyel),  J'^*^  Aax, 

^amalako  musattak;  (to  mollify,  soften), 

y^-j  aL«x  ^omtf^Ao  rakkHf  ^J2  dlLix 
f^amalaho  layyin, — ^Verily  Grod  has  smoothed 
for  tbee  all  thy  affairs  without  fatieiie     This 

rood  fortaiie. 
which 

smoothing  thy 
way  to  that  immense  plunder  and  great  felicity 

and  happiness,  jytXl  Ci3  J^  <dH  ^^1 
•CXjjJ  Je^*C<JLi:  ^1  ^ Uj  clO 

Smoothness  (polish),   JlLi,  wjfed^  J^ 


jUa  \  (evennees  of  soifKe),  /"  1 

$aUuk\  (gentlenea  of  speedi),  ^. 

fai&kat\  (gentleness  of  manoeti),  if 

latdfai,  h\Jo  marafat. 
Smote,  u^jyio/t  madr^.    SeeSlrd 
Smother,  c.  ^JiS^  khtuuiL  See  Su^a 

— To  smother  or  be  smothered,  J^ 

Snack,  ^I>.  AumA.  See  Share,  Fin 
Snail,  «•  4^jj-i»*  AtfJoBilii. 

Snake,  t.  ^U>.  kayya.     See  Serpen 

All  that  valley  was  likewise  oecapied  bi  < 
pents  and  Tenomons  snakes,  each  ok  <^a 
like  a  palm-tree ;  and  by  reason  of  is  a 
moos  sue,  if  an  elephant  came  t9  it,  it  *= 

swallow  it,  C1^U>-  s5<^V^  ^^  * 


Snap,  v.jJi  kasar.  See  Break—* 
broken),^^MAd  Mifcossr;  (to  bite).  .^ 
^ ;  (to  catch  suddenly),  ^Jit^^  ^ 
See  Snatch. — To  snap  the  fingeis. «; 

4jui  l«^  fairka^  at&ll^aha.  [Pe^-^ 
Snappish,  ^\^f  4>l>-  Ad«{  d  mi»j-  ' 
Snappishly,  j)U-]ll  La\jL}^  hitkv^ 

akkldk.     See  Peenably. 
Snappishness.     See  PecTishness. 

Snare,  t.  J  fakk.    See  Noose,  6iiL 
Snare,  v.  ^b  vlC^  sMiei  MM 
Snatch,  (jm^  kaktk. 
Snatch,  v,  l^q\i<-  kkataf,  ^^  ^ 

See  Seize To  snatch  greedily  | 

starving  man),  ^^m^  kahoik. 
Snatched,  ^^«^  nuM^tik, 
Snatcher,  «.  ^^U  kdhuk. 
Snatching,  part  ^jSuU  kdhiik 
Sneak,  t;.  (creep  slily),  cJ>j  t^t 
behaye  with  meanness  or  sa^M 
ij\S^  JCj  JJjJ  taaalklkiUJit* 
Sneak,  #.  J  j  dlsni. 


SNU 


(977) 


SOB 


eaking,  adf,  (mean,  servile,  abject), 

,Ji:>-  halar,  Jj  danS,  JJ  J  softlL    See 

Slavish.— (niggardly),    J^^a?  haltblh 

iee  ATaricioos. 

sakinglj  (meanly),  ^,j^S».  ^9y^  hi- 

iow^inhaiir.  Sneakingneas,  ijU»-iki- 

.drat.  See  Meanness. — (niggardlinees), 

^LufL  khasddoi,  wiJ?  Uuna^,     See 

Lvarice. 

3er,  0.  ijj^\  istdkM.   See  Bidionle. 

)er,  B.   sneeriog,  ^Is.  \jpJ^   istihtd 

aia\     See  Bidicnle,  Derision* 

ierer,  ».  i^jf'***^  muitalal,  clX>-U 

dkih 

teze,  V.  (as  men),  ^^^Jae  ^tas, 

eze  or  sneezing,  «.  s^mVtz  ^aUai,   One 

'ho  sneezes,  ^jJ^Ks.  ^tii» 

ezing,  ^or^.  ^jj^le  ^tis. 

gger,  snicker,  t^.  See  Laagh,  Laugh  at. 

p,  V.  (cat  with  scissors),  ^^  kaas, 
ie  Cat.— A  snip  (cut),  ^JaS  kata^; 

i  small  piece),  <ula3  ^lY^a^  See  Share. 
0  go  snips,  <Ua>.  ^  jL«  «ar  lako  hissah. 
30  Partake.  [See  Nose. 

:e,  f;.  (blow  the  nose),  ksT*  maJE;Aa^. 
'^el,  i>lsr^  mukhaU    See  Mucus, 
re,  V,  jss*^  shakhar, 
',  (mucus),  \o\s^  tnukhdt. 
w,  ^  talj  (pi.  -.^  Mnj), 
Wj  V.  *^  J^  ^^r  talj. 

F-cellar,  *.  ^Jsr^  maUajat, 
),  f7.     See  Check,  Beprimand. 
F  (powdered  tobacco),  ij^yji  &»*• 
^i,   ^^x«d    sa^ut.     The  snuff  of  a 
idle,  ^%L.".gl<  (jMit^  rd«  al/iUUah. 
F,  F.  (a  candle),  ALsiJl  ^_^  ihirtfi^ 


Snuff-box,  <•  t^JiMi  iJ.^  ^if/^a^  n*^il^. 
Snuffers,  JulaJLI]  ^\jJLt  mikrdd  a$h- 

Snuffle,!?,  (speak  through  the  mm),^jssi£^ 

So*  (in  like  manner )»  6^  hinaw^,  Ijb^ 

^yi\  hihaa  annaw^;  (in  this  maimer), 

\jjSjb  hakasd;   (so  that),  ^\  c^  U- 

naw^  an,  ^j:^  hatU^,  ^  Jlc  ^aU 

an.  So  so  (indifferently),  J  Jcjt^aLp*^ 
hiwajhin  mU'^tadtl,  \i^f^  ^mutauHUBiL 
So  and  so  (in  this  manner),  \^^\d^ 
kaad  wa  kaed,  Mr.  So  and  so  (a  man), 

^1»  fiildn.    Tell  him  who  is  oppressed 

with  anxiety,  that  anxiety  will  not  last;  as 
happiness   paaseth   away,   so  passeth  eyery 

anxiety,  Ufc  ^\  UA  J-*^  [j^  cP 

Soak,  V.  (macerate),  waJ  naka^  To 
soak  in,  ^Jj  baia^. 

Soaked,  ^^^^^  mankn^.  A  ressel  in 
which  anything  is  soaked,  wa:m«  man' 
ka^.  [^,j^\^  9dh'anl, 

Soap,    f^^\^  sdhttn^      A  soap  boiler, 

Sob,  V,  hXfJ  tanahhad. 

Sob,  8.  Jl^  tanahhud.    See  Sigh. 

Sober  (temperate),  t^jJ^\^  J^t  43uJbj 
saAf<^  al  aU  washihurh;  (not  intoxi- 
cated), (V^litf  #AM.    See  Temperate, 

Abstemious,  Eegular;  also  Grave, 
Serious,  Calm. 

Sober,  r.  ^JylJ|^  J^it  JuJ^  ^Lk&  ^ama* 
kho  Mhld  al  akl  washskurb.  To  be- 
come sober,  ^jJ^^j  Jii\  d^jj\^  sdr 
%ahid  al  akl  wailuhurb. 

Soberly,  *-^^^  J^U  Jl  Jcxl  Jili  bikal 
i^iidal  bil  akl  woihihurb,  ^iJ  J^ 
bikol  kand^ah.    See  Temperately. 

Soberneas,  sobriety,  ^jJl!i\^  Jii\  JJ^ 

62 


SOI 


(978) 


SOL 


fmkd  id  aid  wuMlmrh^  AcUS  hm&^. 
See  Temperanoe,  Calmnees. 
Sociable,  aocial,  c>^i».Li/»  muidhib,  ^jJtj 
rafik.    See  Friendly. — A  social  meet- 

Sociably,  iLs^  J^  Utol  mMat. 
SooialnesB,  iii\  ul/at,  iyix,  ^uhrti^  i^jsr^ 
muhabhat,  uJlj\  iUilaf,  c\s^\  ittih&d. 

Society,  i^^sf^  9ukbaty  ^U»-l^^  miMdAa- 
httf  ^J^J^  mtuhdrakat,  i^\jJL  iha- 
rdlkU,  iSjJ^  thurltat,i*ttj  \y  muwdnoiot, 

ijJti\j^  mu^&fhartU.  See  Company, 
Partnenhip,  Union. — A  religious  so- 
ciety, v..^Jb«X«  moMhab,  ^U^  t&yifaL 

Then  I  enioyed  the  aociety  of  my  oompanions 
and  frienoB,   exceeding   my   former   hahits, 

JjJ\  ^j^ji\  4  lis.  LS-^U^\  iZJj^^ 

Sock,  «•  i^\jS^  jurdh. 
Sodom   (city    of    Lot),    aj 

Sodomia,  ^Ij)  lawdtatm 
]o\^  launpdt,     J^jl  lutl. 

Sofa,  «•  ^iLtf  sofa. 
Soft    (not    hard),    *cl3    nd^m 
ground,  ^J^  mA/. 

Soft,  \*^}j  rawayian.     See  Softly. 

Soften,  p.  (make  soft),  ^  layyan,  dLix 
^  ^amalaho  layyin;  (to  become  less 
hard),  ^^;-liJ  ialayyan,  ^jliJLa  sdr 

layyin.  [jjp^  midayyin. 

Softener,  «.  (anything  which  softens), 
Softness,  i^yu  na^mat,  4jL!  laydnat. 
See  Mildness,  Meekness,  Civility,  Ef- 
feminacy, Pusillanimity. 

Soho,  \j  yd. 

» 

Soil,  V.  ij"^  naff 09,  ^^  J  dannas.  See 
Pollute,  Defile,  Contaminate,  Sully, 
Stain ;  aho  To  dung.  Manure. 

Soil  (ground,  earth),  ^j\  ard;  (land, 


iodam. 
Sodomita, 


Soft 


country),   ^joj\  ard,  jii  IM  '^ 
JL  hildi),  j\iJ  diydr.    See  GoontiT 
Begion. 
Sojourn,  9.  (dwellanywhere  for  a  tim 
M\scm^  iitakdm.     A  sojourn  (tesp» 

rary  residence),  ^^  mmru^,  ^L' 

Sojourner,  ^LuM«flMw4;Sr.  BeeStnsfc 

Chiest,  Traveller. 
Solace,  V.    X^  iaUa\  Tocomfort,(»e 

recreate,  amuse. — (to  take  comfijrtf 
amusement),  ^<Lw  tasaU^f  ^J^ *) 
farraj.   See  Divert  or  Eecreateoset: 

Solace,  LLyJ  toiliyat,  ^L*J  imm,h. 
tunhat,  'p-/^  iafarruj,  li^  m/o.  >< 
Consolation,  Comfort,  Pleasure,  I 
creation. 

Solaced,  ,  JumC^  muUuaUf. 

Solar  (of  the  sun),  ^t^Aia  thaun;  >' 
longing  to  the  sun),  ^m^!i  t^ 

Sold,  ^L^-^  fiiM^a^,  c^.^M«^  fluMj 
Goods  sold  on  condition  of  b@a^ 
turned  if  faulty,  j\jU\JLs^  J^ «] 
mukhayyar  al  hdtdr. 

Soldan,  ^^UaL*  «ti//ait.     See  Saltis. ' 

Solder,   ^LJ   /i^dm.     To  solder,  J 

laham.     See  Cement,  Mend.       i 

Soldered,  (M^^  miiMiZfw. 

Soldier,  «.  i^C^r.  ^a«jbrf.    1  ^ 

soldier,  J^Li.^  mii^drii,  J-^r 
tXibLsr^  mufdhid.    See  Hero, 
Soldiers,  ^Uuc   ^Mdjt^,  tA??'  ^ 

Soldiery,  iLyhf  ^m^,  ^Ju-^j*f^ 

Army,  Troops,  Soldiers. 
Sole,  J^  tnufrad,  «x> 

Single,  Only. 
Solecism,  #•  Uii  ghalat. 


\j  fpsm 


SOL 


(97») 


SOL 


oa  innamd.   See  Singly. 

[emn  (grave),  ^^ae,  ^osim,  JJi^-yo/l/. 

lee  Awfnl,  Magnificent,  Ghrand« 

enmity  (rite,  lestiyal,  rejoicing),.  Juc 

I J  Vi  fi  ^i(?  ^oKlin  (pi.  oUft  A^y^i) ; 

gravity,  awfolness),  h^  hayhat,  J3^ 

mkdr.  See  Seriousness,  Magnificence, 

frandenr. 

emnization,    a,  ..  h  r^J  siib'  ^osfm, 

Lft««7  ta^ifid.      See  Commemoration, 

Celebration. 

emnize,  «.    JinL^:^  Juc  (J4^   ^amo/ 

f  J  muA^tf/.     See  Celebrate. 

^mnly  (in  the  manner  of  a  festival 

Dmmemoration),    ^jlrig^Jj    hitikrin 

%%lm ;    (gravely,  awfully),  JLjb  J^ 
{Z;o/  AayiaA,  jli^  JC^  hihol  toakdr. 
Icit,  V.  ^ji*AS^\  iUamaSy    ^x.J^\^^a£, 

tmal  ilhah  ^ala\  See  To  importune, 
atrcat,  Ask,.  Implore,  Invite, 
citation,  ^^Lc]\  iltimds,  ^Aaj  tO" 
nmei,  JlJ\  tlhsh,.  ^  taJdah.  See 
aportunity.  Invitation,  [mustad^i, 
Ditor,  «.  j^^;m^«2L«  muUatniSf 


sitoQS,  .  Jm41^-  mutamannlf  JuLt  irm- 

yyad^  ^iif^  muA^am»     See  Careful, 

ixious,  Desirous. 

jitooaly,   /•Uublj  liic!  J^  lilol  t^- 

^G^    tra   ihtimdm.      See   Anxiously, 

refully. 

i tilde  (anxiety),  aLcJ^^  thttmdmjjji 

far 9  ^lIlaj  MJ^i^^.  See  Anxiety,  Care- 


^W«  munjamid;  (firm,  massive), 
ffuiAn.  See  Compact,  Firm, 
. — (real,  true,  not  superficial). 


^JLi^  hiiMlkl,  Jtj  %dti.  Of  sc^d 
judgment,  i^\^\  ^}^\  oAl  arrdy.. 

Solidness,  solidity,  iiLa  ioldhat,  X)ls^ 
matsnaL  See  Firmness,  Compactness, 
Hardness,  Density. — (truth,  certainty), 
iL>A»^  haklkai. 

Solidly  (firmly,,  massively),,  ^^^p^  ^^yj 
hinaw^n  matin  \  (truly),  SaJl^-J^^ 
hikol  haklkat,  [xMyakitum,  ^j^\l£> 
^ah*  al  yaX^.    See  Certainly. 

Solitarily,  |«Jk^  ,J^  ^M  wahdatin* 

Solitariness  (solitude),  if^is^  khalwai.  A 
aolitude  (lonely  place),  ij^^^  wahdat^ 
See  Desert,.  Privacy,  Betirement. 

Solitary,  J^ii/*  munfarid*     0  lion>  who 

hast  deoeired  thyself  by  thy  pride,  thoa  hast 
perished,  and  hast  roused  np  ray  grief  for  my 
oeloved.  Thou  hast  rendered  me  solitary,  I 
who  was  her  companion,  and  made  the  bowels 
of  the  earth,  to  be  her  ffrare  where  she  is 
pledged.  I  say  to  time,  that  has  afflicted  me 
with  her  separation,  Ood  forbid  that  thou 
shooldst   show  me  a  friend  in  her  stead! 

Solstice  (of  summer),  ^U?^!  ^j  rat 
oiBart&n.  The  winter  solstice,  ^^j 
^^JLs:^1  rcL9  aljadU 

Soluble(capableofbeingdissolved),^^^Ci^ 
(J^M  mumkin  al  hal,  J^^  yunhal. 

SolubUity,  J^t  JL^  imk&n  al  hal. 

Solve,  V,  (make  clear),  J^-  hall,  ^ 

hayyan.    See  Explain. 
Solvency  (ability  to  pay)>  JU!\  li^^lC^l 

tmkdn  wafd  al  mdl. 
Solvent   (having  ability  to  pay),  qL^ 

9dyh.     See  Dissolvent. 
Solution  (dissolving),  Jc^  hatt,  Jltart 


SOIC 


<980) 


soir 


f" 


inhiUil;  (resolution  of  doabt  <tr  diffl- 
culty),  JCuu^l  J»-  hal  al  ihmMW. 

SolutiTe,  JfM*^  miMffAAtZ.   See  Laxative. 

Some»  ^Jafu  b0fd*   Some  ooey  somebody, 

t^A^Min  md,  «x^\  ahhad.  And  tiiey 
did  not  leaTe  uiTidted  a  angle  large  city  to 
seek  for  food,  Imt  ther  fouid  it  not;  and 
they  returned  to  us  with  the  wealth,  alter  a 

long  absence,  ^^  \j>a^  VO^  (^^ 

•  •• 

Somehow,  ley  naw^an^ 

Something,  somewhat,  ,J^  tiWiy.     See 

Little. — (insomedegree),  {cynaw^un; 

(nearly),  U[^  iakrihanp  X^  ^md. 

Sometime  (onoe),    ij^  tMrrtUan^   ij\j 

tdratan,  LvJlA.^  mukaddafiMH.     See 
Formerly, 
Sometimes  (now  and  then),  ^1^)13^1 1^ 
ha^d  al  awkdt,  UL>-1  thfdnan. 

Somewhere,  ^^1^\  ^^m  ^Jfi  ha^d^ 


mawddiy 


t 


^^ 


Somewbile,  t«   if 


[Sometime,  Once. 
marraian  md.    See 

Somnolency,  ^^»^  na^M.  See  Drowsiness. 

— How  can  she  taste  sleep  who  has  lost  somno- 
lency, and  is  wakeM  at  night  while  others 
repose  ?  She  possessed  riches,  and  family,  and 
glory  ;  but  has  become  a  stranger  and  solitary. 
Fire  and  groaning  are  in  her  bosom,  and 
violent  longing  that  &innot  be  exceeded. 
Passion  has  gained  dominion  over  her.  She 
moaneth  for  her  sufferings ;  but  is  firm.  Her 
state  under  the  influence  of  lore  telleth  that 
she  is  mourning  and  afflicted,  and  her  tears 

are  witnesses!  ^^  /^y^\  J^Oj  i^-i;^^ 


{^J^. 


^* 


^i^3 


yj>j^yi 


S4 


ij^ 


*^U  l^^\j  L^^l  <clc  ^y  *%J^ 


k-'tf 


Somnolent,  ^Um«J  iM^tte  SeeDnn 
Son,  f .  ^ji\  ibn,  jJ^  woXa^.    The  ei 

son  of  a  king,  C^LJi\  ^\Smdm 
The  son  of  a  nobleman,  ^^  J^  i 
nMhir,  A  legitimate  son,  Jl>^ 
f^fi  hai&L  An  illegitimate  son,  Ij. 
tt^aW  Btiid.  See  Bastard.— A  sop^ 
ititious  son,  4/«^ir^  «>!^  tM^nimi^ 
An  adopted  son,  ^JLjJI  jJ^  iMils^^< 


doMiiI.  An  only  son,  Ju^-^  x%  ^ 
wahld,  Saeh  a  one  the  son  of  s&i 
one,  ^Jli  JtS^  ^Jli  faidn  waUd  i^'i 
Sons,  j)^1  awldd.  The  sonsofAis 
i%Jl  ^^  §ant  ddWm.  Tbeso&soflnj 
JjI^^  lT^  ^^  MrayiZ.  The  Ai 
^1  ti^  'a  son'  (like  l:^  li^- 
daughter,'  y\  ahu,  a  fisither,* « '-^ 
'  a  mother*),  is  employed  with efcftf 
in  many  compounds;  as,  j^r'^i 
ihn  OBsMl^  '  the  eon  of  the  vij  | 
traveller) ;  ^joJi\  ^t  Unalarii 
son  of  the  earth'  (a  person  unkxi^ 
Son-in  law,  «.  j^  tdhr.     8oo3-i»* 

il^\    M^dr.     Alleging  that  it  I 

made  a  cn?enant  with  God  byoit'i. 
would  take  as  his  son-in-lav  vsu 
artificer.     Fate  doomed  to  mj  cad 
disaster  thnt  this  great  deceiver  sod  ci.d 
to  my  fttiher's  house,  and  swore  •- 
people  that  he  fulfilled  this  condit-'i 
tending    that    his    business   ▼»»  \ 

pearls  und  selling  them  for  the  hub  ^'* 

• 

dirhems,  ^^  *1-1^  J^l^  ^i^ 


SOP 


(981) 


SOB 


-«' 


ong,  $,  Lc  ffhind,    A  faneral  song,  ^^ 
marsiyat  (pi.  iy|/«  OMirdfl). 
3nnet,  »,  J^  ghcuuil.  {n&n. 

morons,  BoniferooSy  sonorific^  ^j  ran^ 

moroQsiieBSy  ^^^  tanln,  aJj  rannat. 

sttr^,  ^j^  san^.  Soon  fading,  ^^ 

J  Up  t  MTl^  aauuDdl.    Then  we  loaded 

ten  camels  with  presents  and  marched  forward ; 
but  soon  there  appeared  a  cloud  of  dost,  which 
arose  and  spread  nntil  it  filled  the  air  before  ns, 


oty  j\^  »awdd,j\ysf^  ihuhwdr.  See 
Sooty. 

oth,  r.  J^  maUak,  ^  lajfjfan^  *^*^ 

\adda\  See  Flatter,  Mollify,  Calm,  Soften. — 
^nd  she  sent  to  her,  and  made  peace  with  her, 
ind  soothed  her  mind^  and  said  to  her,  I  desire 
x>  go  into  the  garden,  to  amuse  myself  with  the 
o^t  of  its  trees  and  firoits,  and  that  mj 
leart  (breast)  maybe  elated  by  its  flowers! 

itJ^W  ^j:^^  Ifs^JU^  y \  vjU-i^U 

>ther,  j;L«^  mimMik, 
itbsay,  «.  JU  Si^  darckpih    See 
LU^or,  P^^ct.  [Aogor. 

(thsayer, «.  Jli  c-->^^<^  thrrdh/dl.  See 
»ty»  jy^^^  mmkahwar.  See  Black, 
>ark,  Doaky.  [^tf;Vi». 

^bi  (king  of  Pisnia),  Ma^\  sU  <AdA  0/ 

tliism,   sophistry,   i^y^V  Jl£  ^i/m 

tta4a¥noaf,  A  soplust,  tc^y^  ^fi* 
^e  Learned  man. 

tliisticatei  sopbistioated  (not  gennine), 
^  !/•  intHOiffiffar.  See  Adulterated. — ^To 
<ypliiaUcate  (adulterate),  j^j^J  %aunoar. 


Sophistication,  ^/mJJ  talbu, 

Sophisticator,  jijtj^  miatawwir. 

Soporiferou8|  soporific.  See  Somniferous. 

Sorcerer,  «•  ^Li  •(Mr.  See  Magician, 
Enchanter,  Necromancer. 

Sorceress,  h^\^  idhirah.  See  En- 
chantress. [Kagic,  Necromancy. 

Sorcery,  jo^  tihr*    See  Enchantment, 

Sordid  (coYctous),  J^V  ^^^*  \j^^ 
ndki$.  See  Araricious. — (mean),^^«A»- 
hal^,  ^jj  iAn.  See  Base,  Vile.— 
(dirty),  ^jipaitiA.SeeNa8ty,SloTenly. 

Sordidly  (coTetously),  i^a^.j  ^t^  ^* 
hiM  iama^n  tea  hukhh     See  Avari- 
ciously.—(meanly),  if^U  J^  ifjU>-  JCj 
hikd  hakarai  wa  dandwat. 

Sordidness  (ooretousness),  ^4^0  iama^; 

(meanness),  ^U».   hahdrat\    (nasti- 
ness),  ^j  watakh. 

Sore  (as  a  wound, etc.),  ^jP^jarh,  ^^^/^ 
mahruh\  (pained  in  mind),  l^Jo^o^ 
muUanh.     See  Painful,  Afflicted. 

Sore,  s.  ^y  karK   See  Wound,  Ulcer. 

Sore,  sorely,  2r  Jumj  J^  J^  fttiiM  alamin 

washiddah.  See  Pisinfully,  Yezatiously, 
Violently. 
Soreness  (of  a  wound,  etc.),  ^j^-  jurK 

Sorrel  (herb),  ,joU>-  hummdiy  ^j^^^'^^ 

MttmnMyd* 
Sorrily,  ^^;*A>-  i^^  ii  f^^'Am  ^Ir.    See 

Meanly,  Poorly. 
Sorriness,  i^U^  hakdrat.  See  Meanness* 

Sorrow,  ^  fhrnn,  J\  aiam.    See  Qrief, 

Sadness,  Mourning. — By  the  Mercifnl,  I  am 
truly  perplexed  at  my  sad  case.  Sorrow  and 
affliction  nave  sorronnded  me,  and  I  knew  it 
not.  Tet  will  I  haTe  patience,  until  patience 
become  weary  of  my  patience!  Yes,  I  wUl 
have  patience  ontil  God  himself  take  my  canse 
into  consideration.  Hurt  and  wronged  unjustly, 
I  will  bear  my  sorrow  without  eyen  complain- 
ing.    Nay,  I  will  haye  the  same  patience 


80R 


(982) 


SOU 


wbieli  a  man  dying  of  thirst  has  in  a  borning 
▼alley!  I  will  have  patience  nntil  patience 
knows  that  I  haTe  endnred  what  is  more  bitter 
than  myrrh  itself !  Nothine  is  eqnal  in  bitterness 
to  myrrh  and  patience ;  ont  more  bitter  than 
both  of  them  wonld  it  be  to  me  if  my  patience 
deserted  me  I  The  secrets  of  my  heart  iare  ex- 
pressed  my  most  secret  thonffhte,  if  the  greatest 
secret  of  &e  heart  is  to  make  thy  heart  setUe 
in  mine.  The  mountains  wonld  sink,  the  fire 
would  die  instantly,  and  the  wind  would  never 
blow,  were  they  to  -experience  the  suffering 
of  my  heart!  He  who  pretends  that  there  is 
pleasure  and  sweetness  in  this  world  must 
without  fiul  expect  to  experience  days  more 

bitter  than  myrrh  itself, ^J^^  ^^jiP^ 

'^jjA\Jt^  ^Sj  *^\  ^> 

*jr^\  ^:y^  j^^  ^f^i  i:r* 

Sorrowful,  ^y^*^  maghmum,^^  TwiAn. 

See  Sad,  Mournful. — I  then  returned  to  my 
house  sorrowful^  and  I  fell  upon  my  bed,  full 
of  anxious  thoughts;  and  my  female  slaves 
came  in  to  me,  and  seated  themselTes  around 
me,  not  blowing  what  was  the  matter  with  me, 

Jstjj  "Uy^^  trlr^^  ^  "^-^'J!? 

i:;!/^  f^J  s^^  li^^  s£/W  J^ 

Sorry  (meam),  jJ^  haklr.    See  Vile, 

Worthless, 
^ort  (kind,  species),  {j^^^jtM,  c  y  noM^, 

s^MsJ  kiam;  (quality )|  LJl^ ka^nfyat,  i^ 


nfat,  ijbU  w^H^tf^-  (msnmr),  i^J 
Ufajh,  ]}\y^  minwal',  (a  daa),  '^ 
tahakat  (pL  cl^U-t  UMa£), 
Sort,  r.  (separateintodaases),  jl  ** 
(arrange),  t-^j  ratUih ;  (to  suit  ore 

rate,  Agree. 
Sortment,  f.  (sorted  pared  of  anyfe 

JU?  UJthmy  1a2o  tabakai. 
Sovereign  (supreme  in  power),^«^ 

^^^mvOah.  See  Snprcme,  AIiboIe 
Sovereign,  #.  ^^liaL»  mUan,  CS^*^- 

See  King. 
Sovereignty,  JlUs-il  utMal,  i)^^ 

rat,  L»\ij  ritfdsaty  !•/>.  W** 

See  Dominion,  Supremacy. 
•Sought  {part,  of  seek),  s-?jil**  **- 
Soul,  s.  ^jJii  nafs  (pi.  ^^\  ai^M^ 

nufas).     My  dear  soui,  ^j;*. 

rawhl.  Possessing  a  soul,  ^  j;  ^  • 
rawh.  Flee  with  thy  life  if  thou  Bwefesj 
oppression,  and  leave  tiie  bouse  to  ^ 
bmlder's  fete.    Thou  wilt  find,  ftr  te  ' 
that  thou  quittest,  another:  butnofi*^^ 

thou  find  to  veplaoe  thine  awn,^ 

0^ 


Adam,  how  ignorant  art  thou  in  the  y^^ 
dulgence  of  hope,  and  how  unmindftl  &  ^ 
^f  the  arrival  of  the  predestiiwd  pff ^ 
death.     Knowest  thou  not  that  <iei|i^ 
oaOed  for  thee  and  baa  advanced  to  s^' 

sonl?  J^  Cl^lLp-^  ^  C^'^^' 


day  I  entered  htff  apartment  nstvs^ 
found  her  weeing,  and  heaid  ke:  ^- 
What  makes  thee  hide  thy  face  ft«a  f ^  ^ 
0  thott  who  art  the  delight  of  my  ktet  ■  ■ 
to  me,  0  my  soul ;  converse  witk  e-  , 
beloved.    And  then  she  began  to  J^ 


sou 


(983) 


SPA 


following  Tenee  ....  /t\ji\  ^^  ^^ 

iv]leBB,^^Uldrawh.  See  SpiriUeas. 
(und  (healthy),  JLi  Mm ;  (right,  not 
erroneous),  ^^^^  tahlh;    (free  from 
blemish),  K^^mcl)  bild  ^affb. 
und,  9.  (anything  audible),  «JL>^  Mwi, 

1^^  lahn.    See  Voice,  Koise,  Clamour, 

etc. — And  he  heard  in  that  place  the  melodious 
soands  of  Btrinj^  instrnmenti,  witii  the  late 
tmong  then,  and  mirtk-ezciting  Toices,  and 

varieties  of  distinct  recitations. 


hyf^  c\Jmj\  ^WI^  f{j^ 
und,  V.  fJi^ya  iowwat, 
andly  (healthily),  ^U^  is:^  JC>  hikol 
lahhat  tea  ^fiyak.  See  Lustily,  Stoutly, 
Stfongly. — (truly),  <iflgA>-  J^  liM 
iaBkat,  Sis^  JL)  hikol  8aKhat,^\^^^ 

—  it 

andnesa  (fiiultlessness),  4^^  iohhat; 
health),  Li\c  ^afiyat\  (truth),  ^aJlb^ 
aJtliatj  fj^-  hakkf  i^\xi^\  utikdnuU. 
\ee  Bectitude,  Strength,  Solidity. 
ip,  ^jy^  $horhd. 

Lr>  (.^^U-  hdmmd.  See  Acid,  Sharp. 
ir,  V.  (make  sour),  ^^o^^^^  hmnmad; 
to  be  or  grow  sour),  ^^/U^^  hemed, 
irce,  ^}^\  Oil,  jtXa^  masdar,  Iju^ 
labdd.  See  Beginning,  Commencement, 
Origin,  Boot — (fountain),  ^j^  ^ayii, 
manha^f  '^J  nab^,  t^^  yon^ft^. 
Spring. 

tIj  (with  acidity),  i^yA>-  J^  Ukol 
\^miidat.     Bee  Morosely,  Peeyishly. 


Sourness  (of  taste),  ^y^^  kumndat; 
(of  temper),  JisSJ\  X^jU-  hdddiiyat 
aHakhidh,  See  Moroeeness,  Peevishness. 

South,  «.(^^;^/ii»ft&.  South  (southern), 

iriy^  jonubl.   The  south  wind,  ^^ 

_jy^  rlh  janvM.     The  south  pole, 

.y^    1^^^    latb  jannM.      The 

southern  shore,  c^y..y!  ^b^^^  ^^~ 
Aiya^  aljannb.   The  southern  quarter, 

Cyy>.Jl  uJyt  iarafaljanllb  (pi.  uJ]^! 

c^y^  1  atrdfaljanub) .   And  when  the 

King  saw  thia  lion,  he  made  sore  of  deetniotion, 
and  torning  his  face  towards  the  south,  he 
pronounced  the  two  professions  of  the  faith, 

and  prepared  for  death,  C^^  (^|^U]i 

LL^y^   JjC^it^  tXfuJ^ 

Southernwood  (plant),  (^y^  kayiUm. 

Sow,  «.  d^J^*^  khansHrsh. 

Sow,  r.  (seed),  ft;j  sor  a^. 

Sower,  «•  6j\j  s^rt^f  ^/aUdh,    See 

Husbandman,  Farmer. 
Sown,  9jjj^  manu^.  Sown  seed,  cj  J 

'^t  (P^*  L?/i  s«ril^)«    A  sown  fleld, 

Space  (local  extension),  ^Uuij  imm^o/, 
£j£*^  fatkat,  iilm^  moidfat,  ^^^Li  #d- 
^«A,  ^t  ju^  «ifi(3ii.     A  space  of  time, 

gs^  muddai,     A  long  space  of  time, 

^  at 

^1^1  iiir^i^  mtn  oauuikln.    A  short 
space  of  time,  JJui  ^U)  samdn  kohl. 
A  space  or  interyal,  JciLu^  mMd/a^, 
^  bayn. 
Spacious,  w^iii^  tffMi^,  w^tji9d#t^,  (,/a>^ 

^aridf  ,^uuJ  /mIA.     See  Wide,  Open, 

Eztensiye. 
Spaciousness,  ^^^s^  fathat,  Aa»ij  upm^. 


8PE 


(984) 


£FE 


Span,  9.  jJ^  Mbr  (pLjLl^  oihhdr). 

Bhe  then  tud  to  him,  0  King  of  the  Age, 
blame  not  mj  father  fw  that  which  he  has 
done.  If  the  meaanre  of  thy  love  for  me  be 
ft  span,  that  of  my  Ioto  for  thee  ia  a  cubit, 

j^lyJ  J^jl\  klO.  b  4l  cuJls  ^ 

J 

SpaUi  t^.jf^Jlj  ^jjj  ids  hUhikibr.    See 

Measure.  [Marcasite. 

Spar,    «.    Iku^jt*    mOirhiBhMd,      See 

Spare, ».  (uae frugally),  JJi  ^ji^hharaj 

hcM,  y^  waffar ;  (to  show  mercy),  ^ 

^  samah  ^an,  ^  J^iA  ihafak  ^\ 

See  To  Pardon,  Forgive,  Exempt. 

Spare  (scarce),  JJi  kaM,ji\^j^  ghayr 

wdfir.     See  Scanty,  Parsimonious. — 

(superfluous,  not  wanted),  Jjjj  tSyid, 

j^  laf^T ;  (lean),  u-fi-aT  naklf. 

Sparing  (parsimonious),   J^oC  i^^^^; 

(scarce,  little),  JJi  hM. 
Sparingly   (firugally),  j^^    J6    Ixkol 

iauffir;  (not  abundantly),  LU  LI3 

kahlan    kaUlan;    (with    abstinence), 

e\::i^tj  cUaAJl  J^  itkol  inhitd^  wa 

imtind^  {Mhar&rah. 

Spark,  *.  (of  fire),  XjAJ^jamrah,  ifj\jA 

Sparkle,  «.  ^J  hm^.    See  Spark. 

Sparkle,  i?.  (shine,  glitter),  ^^  /0f»0^ ; 

(to  emit  sparks),  ^^  j\jJS^\  jlt   idr 

aahshardr  mm.  [lama^dn. 

Sparkling,  |Nir^.  and«4^'.  ^U^]  J^  htkol 

Sparrow,  «.  j^^^oa  ^fl^r  (fem.  ij^t^as. 

Spasm,  «•  i,,^^waxll  )j:J\  t7^urd  a/  ^ah, 

^A7  (a«^anMt{;.    See  Cramp. 
Spasmodic,  ^asXtuj  tath^nntffi. 
Speak,  V.  Ji^  takallam.     To  speak  to 
"ne's-self,  aIU.  j-^  Ji;  takMam  ma^ 


kaUhi.  See  Say,  Tell,  Oonnw,m:%. 
course.  Utter,  Mention,  Pronounce,  Hsmr«. 
Address,  Accost,  Proclaim,  Cdehnit-sp-s 
not  with  the  tongue  of  enmity,  nw  tal«:i 
its  eye ;  but  fulfil  the  coTcnant  of  B.*:: 
befive  the  time  for  diaooTeciag  aicK^fi- 

have  passed,  i^\^\  J*^  J<A  J- 

*^*'  ^^9  Jy  *  ^-^^  fe«^*^^- 

Speakable  (proper  to  be  Bpotoi),^>i 
ywikdU ;    (possible   to  be  sputa 

Atfib'  ^tfwii»»;   (luiTing  thepow 

speech),  ^U  nd^iil. 
Speaker,  «.  J^  muiakaUim,     ^^ 
Speaking,  j?flr<.  Jl^  »i«<fl*«Cis,  ^i 
Spear,  s.  ijj^  harha  (pi.  t-^^^iH* 


f^j  rumh  (pi.  ^U;<  orwaA,  ^»4  ^ 
»»5*).    A  short  spear,  j\jj^  »^'^ 
To  brandish  (o^   to  pierce  wi^ 
spear,  ^J\i  t-y^  darab  himmk 
Spearman,  ^\j  rdmt\  ^U.  r^^a^ 
Spear-maker,  ^U;  ^U  ttfai^r*^' 
Spearmint,  ^i«  na^fio^.  Bee  IObI 
Special  (particular,  peculiar),  ^f^ 
makhsHi,  ^\^  khds.    See  Speeic 
(excellent,supreme),  J-«lj/dW^.^ 
»A<irf/.  See  Extraordinary,UBCoiD9fl 

Specially,^U^-ia:i^  khu9u$a»,  Ur^J  ^ 

Particularly,  Peculiarly,  Specifial  • 
Specialty,  speciality,  ^L^y^<-  tt«^ 

Pecidiarity. 
Species,  u-ii-^  ««/,  CL^U  ««<,  if  «* 

(pi.     ^lyl     tf»W5^),     ij^s^^j^^ 

(jm\:^\  qfnda).     Species  md  fi^ 


SPE 


(985) 


SPE 


the  eame  species,  fj^x^^  (3^  fard  /mm. 
Men  or  animals  of  the  species,  Ji^\ 
^m  \^v\  awidd  td  jtM.  Bifferent 
species,  dghy^  ^ju\:^\  <tjnd$  mukh' 
tali/ah.  See  Sort,  Kind;  Show,  Ap- 
pearance. 

pecific,  iT^y  naw^,  ^m^-xj^-  /wwI, 
^yAs^  tnakhsiU,     See  Special, 
pecifically,    ^J-^^  ^j^  i^-y,    W- 
toajhin  sharhl  tea  tafalli,  iJ^}^9y^, 
bmauf^m  toasfl. 
peciBcation,  Ji*.^;  tafill^  t^J^c^  woif. 

pecify,  V.  j^   ^yan,   ^    layyan, 

4J;m<3aJ^  ^jJ^^}a£\  a^  aharhwatafiiL 

[>ecified,  ^j-i^Jf^  mu^yan,  c f ^  <tj  ^ 

fnawiUf. 

pecimen,  «.  dj.ur  ^ayniyat. 

>ecioas,  ^^  mughir,  Jo  yuyhtr,  Hjya 

surah,  ^,^0^  musanna^.  See  Plausible, 
Showy,  Superficial 
^ciously,  J  Wl^Uaj  hi  zdhir  al  hdL 
^ecioosness^  Jlsit ^JbU?  ndhir  al  hdL 
«ck,  «.  iieJo  nuktah,  [Speckle. 

eck,  V.  IiaJ  y^A£>  ^amdlnukat.  See  Spot, 
eckle,  «.      See  Speck. — To  speckle, 

.LuLJ  Zaij  ^Jlc  fj4b^  ^omo/  ^alayki 
tuitat  nUhdn,  XjAJ  Jaa  ^amalnumra. 
lee  Spot.  [y*'^*^  mtmajniiMr. 

Bckled,  bA;^^  mtuMUo^,  h^k^  tnankut, 
3ctaole,  i.  (show),  jli:^^  numMor* 
^ctades  (to  assist  the  sight),  CL^Lj^ 

utoayndt,  ^:l:\j\iqj  naudrdi. 

»otator,  $,j0\j  ndwir  (pi.  jl^  nwudr), 
j^\ji*j*  muihdhid, 

N3tre,  «.  Jl^  ihaydl  (pL  c^HUc;. 
fkagfdldt),  uJjl^  ^y(f,  (-XI9  ^XA 
oulate,  t;.  (consider  attentively),  j^ 
i#tf frtMT,  J^*\J  iaammal ;  (in  trade), 


See  Meditate,  Consider,  Bcfleot 
Speculation,  43»-]t«  mtddhoMak,  ^U^t 

tpiculdMlane.  See  Contemplation.*-^ 
(scheme,  plan),  Juaa^  maksadf  Xai 
iasd,  fjOjjc,  yharad.  Speculation,  of 
mysterious  or  ideal  things,  Jl^b  JU^ 
ikhaydl  hdtU. 
Speculative  (given  to  speculation),  l^^j^ 
^^.^i^Va^  darrdh  takhdmln;    (ideal), 

Jlicu  mutalhayyil,  ^Uf^  iMydfi, 
^^.^iJ^j  toahml,  Lfj^  nanari.     See 
Yisionary. — The  speculative  sciences, 
4£yjt^  i^j\ju$  ma^rif  ma^wiyak. 
Speculatively  (with  contemplation),  Jw 

4j^*ljj  ^\i*wl^  3iib/  mtddhasat  wa 
taammul,  jyojJCi  hihl  toMwumr; 
(ideally),  ^<^tJt>^  i^^.  hiwafhiu  tDohna, 
Speculator,  $.  (one  who  contemplates), 
la>-Lf  mtddhn ;  (a  schemer),  w«>-L0 

jdAi^  yharad.    See  Projector. 
Speech  (language),    ^U    /lifdfi,    JLjtJ 
hyluU,  lai!  /<i/i(;   (a  harangue),   ^^ 

kaldm,   uJiar^  khitdb.     A  part  of 

speech  (in  grammar),  liaSi  lafiuU,  Z^ 

hdlimat.     Slow  of  speech,  ^K!1  ,iai 

3a^I  al  kaldm,  [See  Dumb. 

Speechless,  ^/m^I  akhraa,  jjL\  ahkam. 

Speed,  ^v.  (move  with  celerity),  J.^as***'! 
iita^alf  iS^  J,<4£  ^0010/  ^ajalah,  ^  ^mi) 
Mra^.  See  Hasten.  —  (to  cause  to 
make  haste),  J^  t^JH^' 

Speed  (quickness,  celerity),  Ic^  tur^ai, 
aLb^  ^ajalah,  Jjs^  ^aj'al.  See  Haste, 
Expedition,  Despatch,  Success. 

Speedily,  JjjiB^^^fi^  J^  ^'ib{j«r^a^*ii 


SPI 


(986) 


8FI 


¥Hi  ta^V,  J-.f^l  to-^  ^Jlc  ^aU  wqfh 

aita^,  \mj^  Marfan,  ^j***i  hisur^L 
8peediii6fl8|  ix^j^  mtr^iU,  Amr  ^t^'alah. 

See  Speed. 
Speedy,    ^^  Mri^,    ^jm^   mmm^, 

fjys^^aflLl.  See  Quick,  Swift,  Nimble. 
Spell,  $.jSf^  ithr  (pi.  of  epeUf  f^\je.  ^atd- 

ym).   To  spell.    See  Chann,  Enchant. 

Spell,  V,  (name  the  letters  singly  when 
reading),  ,cf^  tahajfa* ;  (use  proper 
letters  in  writing),  1U)\  isf^.  ^-^ 
^to^  hi  sahhat  al  mid. 

Spelling,  9.  (ortiiography),  ]Ut  mid. 

Spend,  V.  (oonsame,  waste),  cJ^  saraf, 
'T  j^  i^^'t  (^-B^  ialaf.  To  spend 
money,  ^^  kharaf,  uJ^  mto/. 

Spender,  >.  uJ^..^^  mumf. 

Spendthrift,  f^jL^  muUtf. 

Spent,  t^^j^a^  nuurUf. 

Sperm,  4jiaj  natfot,  5^  shahwiU. 
Sphacelus.     See  Ganglrene. 
Sphere,  s.  (globe),  gj  kurrah,  i^  kur- 
rat,  AjP^  jirm.     The  odestiai  sphere, 

clXlilt  i^  kurrat  alfalak. 
Spherical,  spheric,  jjJ^  mudawwar.  See 

Circular,  Bound,  Planetary. 
Spherically,  »J]\  Ji^  misl  al  hurrah. 
Spheriealness,  ^jOJ  tadwir.   See  Bound- 


ness. 


Spherule,  #.  gjJiia  if  hurrah  saghHrah. 
Sphinx,  yj^\^\  ohm  al  hawla\ 
Spice,  spiceries,  czjl^l^  hahdrdt. 

Spice,  V.  JIj  tablal,  Jili  ^j  raahfulJU. 

See  Season. 
Spider,  «.  iZJ^S:^  ^nhabut.   A  spider'a 

web,  d^^JojiII  ^^  n^'  oZ  ^nhahut 
Spike,  ^Ua**-«  mismdr^j^^  *ayyilr ;   (of 

corn),  ^  ^  Lf>,i  sunhulat  hamh.     See 


Ear  of  com. — ^To  spike  (finteL^ 
long  nails),  ^«4u«*^  matmar. 
Spikenard,  ^^X^^^fi^nnbdhui^^ 

<^  >jVlH  ftmiM  ff^?^,  ^;£^l^  Mf^ 

Spill,  0.  L.;.^  Mi.  See  Shed.-Tei^ 
or  be  spilt,  c^^t  onJbl.  Tofl 
bloody  ^jJl  vl^Aw  «(/kib 

Spilt,  c-JVud^  mM&fli. 

Spin,  i;.  ^Ji  ^hatal.  To  spin  oat,  Ji^ 
taunoal.  See  Prolong,  Protnet-Il 
spin  out  a  discourse,  ^ifll  J  J?  <«»' 
a/  haldm. 

Spinach,  f^^\  uhdnthh. 

Spinal  (belonging  to  the  back-bone) 


/'ir     * 


^^1  JUuJu  yahhus  MUaUi  esstk. 
Spine,  CjJup  jw^,  ^^1 J^  iilflr«  « 

saAr.    See  Backbone. 
Spindle,  t.  (for  spinning),  ^}Ji^  ^^ 

(pi.  JjU/t  mayAdstT). 
Spinner,  «.  JUc  ghaaasdL 

Spinning,  «.  Jji  yAosJ. 

Spiracle,  «.  (breathing-hole),  ^jtM 
ffkm/M  (pi.  (yMSU^  moiia/i),  ^.*^ 
m«AtCH3yaA  (pi.  {JlAA^^  wutk^ 

Spire,  «.  2r^l«^  mmdrak.  SeeSti^ 
Pyramid. 

Spirit  (soul),  - jj  rawh  or  f*A,*  (bni:^ 

(juuij  no^;  (magnanimity),  ^^*^ 
fna^,  AcLk-^  shi^'d^at,  i*^^  j^ 
(habit,  temperament,  constitotES 
jJb  tah^,  iu-L  Mi^,  ^}*  ^ 
See  Disposition. — (genius,  wit;,  i; 
SijJ^\  Hwat  al  mudrihat.  The  I' 
Spirit,  (jkwAfill  ^^j  rawh  orrukdt 
du8.  The  vital  spirit^  »L^t  ^«;  ^ 
aZ  haydh.  The  animal  spirits,  ^' 
4jt^^')  arrawh  al  haywani.  ^f 
(activity,  briskness),  I^UJinmU/-  ^ 

Sprightliness.— (essence),  *^^ 


SPI 


(987) 


SPL 


tutah.  The  spirit  of  vitriol,  rx}^ 
^1  arrawh  at  <mam,  ^,j  mh. 
The  spirit  of  tatty,  \jfi\^^j  rtlA 
aiiutiffd.  Spirit  or  spirituoaBliqaon, 
^^•^  khamr,  ^jC  ^ak,  c-?]^  ihardbf 
iL«u«  muiUr,  A  spirit  (apparition), 
JL:k  khayal,  i^J\>  ULytf.  See  Ghost, 
Spectre,  Hobgoblin,  l)emon.-<— A  man 
of  spirit,  (Ja£  Uy^*v-U  idhib  ^M»  A 
broken  spirit, j|^aJL«  ^^-^^  MbmatsUr, 


j-jlji^ 


ib/S  mutawddi 


L- 


See 


See 


)irit,  V.  i*\f^  lJ^  *t^'  jaraat 
Animate,  Encourage. 
)irited,  jy**>'  J^Hr,  ^jP^  jarl 
Bold,  Sraye,  Coorageons. 
»iritedness,  SM^ytfroa^.  See  Courage, 
Spirit,  Boldness,  Bravery.  [jabdn. 
»iri tless  (cowardly),  JjJ  nodi,  (^U>- 
tiritual,  vi^jij  nlAdnl,(JLyij  no/vdiii. 
3ee  Immaterial,  Incorporeal,  Intel- 
lectual; Holy,  Heayenly. 
irituality,  ^l».j^  rUhdmyatf  Lj[mJu 
ta/sdniyat,  \hdni. 

[ritualize,  (Jl>-jj  dJuA^f  ^amalaho  rit- 
[ritually,(Jl>-j^  j:>-^  &i«?ig''AtnrflAdni. 
[ritaous,  fj>^^j  ruhdnl;  (ardent,  ac- 
ive),  LmJ  nushet. 

ssitade.     See  Thickness,  Grossness. 
t,  9.  (for  roasting),  J^  tlkh, 

t,  V,  (eject  from  the  mouth),  Jh^ 
isak.  To  spit  at,  ^Jlfi  ^J^aJ  hasah  ^ala\ 

te,  Ja>-  hakd.     See  Hatred,  Halevo- 
moe. — In  spite  of,  \«Xib  J^  wt  ma^  hoi 
99&.     See  Notwithstanding. 
;e,  9.  (treat  malkioualy),  ^IC  J^i^ 
r«9sa/  ikiifcd^A.    See  Vex,  Thwart. 
;efQl,  J^A>-  A<Mhii.    See  Malicious. 

efully,   ^IC^  tjkA>.  AoiUmtM  via- 


Spitefulness,  4Xa>>  ^ib^.  See  Spite. 
Spitted  (as  meat),  .^VmJU  (^yA*a^  mad* 

mUm  hmlkh. 
Spittle,  jldf  husdk,  jUj  ^di&,  j|ji  3ii- 

sdi^,  Ji;  ^tf^;  (before  ejected),  ^^j  rlk. 

Spleen,  «.  (milt),  JUr^  ^lAd/;  (melan- 
choly), l<jy«  sawdd.    See  Spite. — A 

disease  in  the  spleen,  Jl^  ^«Ad/. 
Spleenful,  splenetic,  (.»Jj.ar  yhadub.  See 
Fretful,  Peevish,  Spiteful. 

Splendid,  jAp^jahl,j:>^^/akhir,ja^iiu9 

muftakhar.  See  Glorious,  Magnificent,  Showy, 
Suraptnoni,  Resplendent. — 'Vhy  shape  is  en- 
ticing, and  thine  eye  like  the  angers,  and  thy 
fiaoe  drippeth  with  the  water  of  beauty,  thou 
appearest  in  my  eje  most  gloriously  pictured, 
half  of  thee  is  or  ruby,  a  third  oi  jewels,  a 
fifth  of  musk,  and  a  sixth  of  ambergris ;  thou 
resemblest  fine  pearl,  nay,  thou   act   more 

splendid,  *j^t  ^^^J^i  \J^  clC«ty 


(^^, 


J,.J\ 


z^\* 


Splendidly,  Jlb^-^^^  J^  htkolfakhrin 

wajMl. 
Splendour,  J^  joldl,  J^^\  tftikhdr. 

SeeOlory,  Magnificence,  Pomp,13ump- 

tuousness. 
Splinter,  «.  tisJit  $MJtfah.  See  Fragment. 
Splinter,  v,  (shiver),  ciLl  i^mJ^  SjLS 

kai9araho8hukafshuiaf;  (to  be  shivered), 

1   00  A  I    o 5  *.   iiiCj  JakMuw  ihukofihu- 

ib/.    See  Split. 
Split,  9.  Jh^  f^oit,  ^  ia^^',  Jyfi>-  kharak. 

See  Slit,  Crack,  Divide. — (to  be  ^lit), 

^^V\  ifiba^jf  f^J!uj\  ifuhak. 
Split,  |Mr^.  fjAJS*^  muihakkak,  jmJ^  mu' 

kauoTf  Jjj^  makhrUk,  |V^^  ''**''^ 


SPO 


(988) 


8PB 


Splatter.     See  Tamolty  Bustle. 

Spoil,  •.  (injure),  i^y>-  kharai,  f^ 
tuua^ ;  (lay  waste,  plunder),  Sj\£  J.«bC 
^amal  ffh&ra,  uju  J^f  ^mnal  ya^hmd, 
Cy^Li  salab.  See  Plunder,  Bob. — (to 
eormpt),  Jumj\  mfiad.  See  Mar,  Deso- 
late, Bestroj. 

Spoil,    ^U^  ffhanlmah,   ifj\i  ghdrah^ 

See  Plunder. 
Spoils,  aJ  Lp  ghoH&ym*   See  CorruptioiL 

Spoiler    (destroyer),   *--^/«^    mwiAriJ. 

See  Bobber,  Plunderer,  Mairer. 
Spoilful.     See  Wasteful,  Bapacious. 
Spoilt  (injured),  c^^^  makhr^l  \  (eor- 

rupted),  Jyui^  mafi^d. 
Spoken  {pairL  of  speak),   Jl^cl^   nmt- 

hdUam.    See  Speak.  [Speaker. 

Spokesman,  «.  JicL«   mutkalHm*     See 
Spoliation.     See  Bobbery,  Privation. 
Sponge,  .jf^l  H/^^'i  ^Lscvi^)!  itfinjah. 
Sponge,  f .  (wet  with  a  sponge),  i^JJ 

dL^i^lb  naddd^  Id  isfinjah ;  (to  wipe 

out  with  a  sponge),  ^bsrUMdib  l^MjJ 
fuuhBhaf  lU  Ufinjahn 

Sponginess,  ^^iJi\  L^^l^  hk&9%yat  al 

ufinjf  ^j^vLri!!!  ^t«  mdhiyat  al  wfinf. 
Spongy,  ,0fJuii\  Jl^  «iM^  a^  h;^^'* 
Spontaneous,  i/^lt^^f  tlA%4rS,  UlJ  ^^ 
^Lma}  mm  ^«/^d  fia/«tA».  See  Toluntary. 

Spontaneously,  iJj\j\)  hi  trddaiiM. 
Spontaneousness,  jLiLfLl  ikhfiyar. 
Spoon,  ».  S^s^ju*  ma^aka. 

Sport,  Lji  lu^aL  See  Play,  Pastime, 
Diversion,  Frolic.  —  (contemptuous 
mirth),  ifjai"*^  nuukhara;  (hunting, 
fishing,  fowling),  Ju«0  sayd. 

Sport,  V,  c^  le^h,  ^Jlj  tahhha\   And 


the  paMengen  irereaHGmbledtoattidi^ 
and  play  and  sport;  but  whfle  ve  va%^ 
eogaged,  lo,  the  maatcr  of  the  ship  edHtc 

with  hie  loudest  voiee,  ki 


J^. 


s-^j  y^3  "^j^^  J^  J^  ^'4 

Sportful,  sportive.  See  Playfnl,  liar 
Gay,  Frolic. 

Spot,  *.  (mark),  ^b  daghy  JU  M\  i 
stain),  ^  hJtkeh,  djd>  hut^g ;  (stie: 
disgrace),  c-^^  ^tfy*  (pi.  M;r  i^ 
yiLh) ;  (place),  (i;^  «#ia«.  Ati^ 
spot  on  the  forehead  of  a  hone,  i^ 
sMm,  JLbkUAl,  i}^gkimh.  Cfe:^ 
spot,   J\J\  ^  fll  Ul^^H^  i^ 

See  Immediately. 
Spot,  «.  (mark  with  spots),  is::^^  ^ 

^aUamaho  htnukM. 
Spotless  (free  from  spots),  A^ijU» 

hihi  lakiah;    (free    firom  repr(^ 

l^L.^.^1  Id  ^0yh  flki,  jXc  tii' 

_a3  fMi(!.     See  Pure. 

Spotted,  spotty  (stamed),^^!^^ 

Spouse,  «.  -.j[j  nit^'(fem.  ^*jMiw* 

(jM^jC'  ^rus.     See  Husband,  FiiJ 

Spousal,  -gCj/J   towi/.     See  Xtipfc 

Spoused.     See  Married.  [Mania^ 

Spouseless^  -.jj  lb  5ti^  soie;. 

Spout,  8.  (mouth  or  lip  of  a  vesseF.  ^ 

_mJ\  <A«)^a^  M^^y ;  (mouth  of  a  p? 

er  vessel),  ^^1  (^/^  oMff.  ^ 

Pipe,  Siphon. — A  spout  or  guttef  ^ 

conveying  water,  ^-^)/^  nytei  ? 

S-ejW  »iayd«l3).  [■*» 

Spout,  «.  (as  water  from  a  fountaiB^/ 

Sprain,  $.  ^Lkr\  nMOd^.    To  i^ 

(the  arm,  leg,  hand,  foot),  ^1^' 

khala^.    See  Twist;  To  diskest^ 


SF& 


<989) 


SPU 


.rained,   ^Jcu«  mtmkhali^, 
mtm/ak.  [than. 

rat,  t.  ^^Jb«  M)>t>Vd  MfA»  mudakh- 
read,  v,  «X«  tnoii,  ^jifaroBh,  kw 
^a^  See  £xtend,  Stretch. — (to 
scatter,  ddSa9e),juJ  naahar.  See  Strew, 
—(to  publi8h),yuJ  noihar,  c\j^\  (uhd^^ 

^^f^A^  ^duc  ^«iikii(S^  ffUMMiir ;  (to  be 
expanded  •r  stretched),  t^MM^tyLp  «£r 

vtadtfti^,  ^jl/^j^  *^  mafir^Lth.  To 
ipread  the  wings,  l;>\^  LmJ  ^mo^ 
'ondhaho.    To  spread  on  the  ground, 

joJi\  ^Lfi  fitroih  ^ala*  al  ard. 
read  (extent, compass),  j\  Ja/«t  imtid&d, 
V«  madd;  (expansion),  kuj  3a«^.  Spread 
[as  a  carpet),  i/^^J^  nutfrAsk;  (dif- 
\ised),^jujj^  MMn^M^tfr;  (published), 
i^^jM^  mashh^r.  A  spreader,  LyL^ 
nubassit.     A  spreader  of  carpets,  etc., 

JL|^  farrdtk, 
rigbtliness,  tLuuJf  mhisdi,  ^yfarah, 
»LuJ  nashdt,  JLsf^  lahjat,  -^lfj|^^^^ 

wrur  tra  ibtihdj.  See  Briskness,  Cheer- 
ulness.  Gaiety,  Liveliness,  Vivacity. — 
?he  sprightliness  of  youth,  (.^LmJI^IuJ 
uahdl  ashshahdb.  In  the  day  of  spright- 
iness  and  joy,  LIaJI^  rj^^  (•k^  sj 
t  ayydm  al  fardh  wal  nashdt. 
ightly,  kiJ  nta^t^,  yj^>j^  farhdn^ 
^j***^  manrur.  See  Brisk,  Gay,  Airy, 
lively. — In  a  sprightly  manner,  ^y 
u-'»  biwajhin  tMshU, 
ing  (season),  (rr^j  raM^  ;  (issue  of 
rater,  founUin),  ^^  ^ay«  (pi.  ^^ 

)1.  ^^LjytffiaM^).  See  Jet  d'eau, 
3urce,  Origin,  Beginning. — (a  leap, 


bound),  ^  na^^.  I  also  landed  upon 
the  iflland  with  the  rest,  and  sat  by  a  spring 

of  pure  water  among  the  trees,  jL:>,iLi 

Hasp-  ^  ^ji.j4^  L5^^  cJ.^  C^J 

Spring,  V.  (as  water),  ^J  naha^     To 

q[>ring  up,  or  appear,^^  »i^r,  ^!h 
ieU^.  See  Bise,  Arise. — (to  ^ring  up 
as  plants),  c:^  ndbat  See  Grow. — 
(to  leap,  bound),  ]aj  nat,jij  la/az.  To 
spring  upon  (attack  suddenly),  mjs^ 
Jlc  hajam  ^ala\     To  spring  from  a 

cause  or  motive,  ^jXa  sadar  min. 
To  spring  a  mine,  i>,.<%5)  nakab. 

Sprinkle,  v.  ^^  ra$h.  To  sprinkle  a 
house  with  water,  u:.>%>J\  ^J^  rat^  al 
hayt.  To  sprinkle  with  sugar,  ^j 
iL»  tmA  sukkar.  See  Scatter,  Dis- 
perse.  Shed,  Strew,  Sow,  Spill« 

Sprinkled,  ^y^f  marshUsh, 

Sprit.    See  Sprout. 

Sprite.    See  Spirit,  Demon.         [Grow. 

Sprout,  V.  i^>^0j  nahat    See  Spring  up, 

Sprout,  *.  ^jS  farkh,  c  j3  fir^. 

Spruce  (neat,  trim),  ^— A£^  f^rlf, 
Spruceness,  i5\^  tardfat,      [wazard/at. 
Sprucely,  ^^^^  ^Ua!  J^  hikol  latdfat 
Spue,  V.  f^  natak,  iya^\  ittafragh. 

See  Yomit. 
Spume,  «.     See  Froth. 
Spunge.    See  Sponge. 
Spur,  «.  jUf«  m%hmd%  (pi. J^lf«  mahd" 
mfs).     The  spur  of  a  cock,  CSi^\Jia 
wifr  addlk.  To  spur  a  horse,  ^Las^I  UJh 
hama%  al  htsdn,  ^\^a^\  js^  nahar  al 
hisdn.    See  Instigate,  Incite,  Urge, 
Drive,  Goad. 
Spurge,  j^ji  farfor. 


SQir 


(990) 


STA 


SparioQB  (not  genuine),  i)l£«  mttkaOad, 
i_Jj  ka^.  See  False,  Counterfeit — 
(illegitimate),  (^\;^  hardm.  A  sporiona 
BOD,  \jj  jJ^  walad  %tnd,    See  Baatard. 

Spurn,  V.  (kick),  LJ  lahat;  (to  reject 
with  coiitempt)>  csLt  shalaf,  _mJ1  Jj 

ij  \jb\  JiCj  radaMhay  htkol  thdnat,  ^\jb\ 

ahdn.    See  Scorn.  [Scorn. 

Spnm.    See  Kick ;  InBolenoe,  Cbntempt, 

Spnrrer,  s.  (one  who  spurs), jUf«!b^U 
ndhir  lU  mihmdt.  A  spurrier  or  ^ur- 
maker,  J«^lf«  uL^  idni^mahdmlt. 

Sputter,  V,  (throw  out  spittle,  etc.,  when 
speaking,  etc.),  ti\^  ci tJ^J^  taroihfl 
hudkihi.     See  Spurt. 

Spy,  i.  {jsiyJ^jOi^  (pi.  {j^j>-ja' 
wdAB),  A  spy  over  the  private  actions 
of  others,  ,<^\^  wdthl  (fern.  ^L^lj 
wdshiyah,  pi.  i\J^^  wushdh).  See  In- 
former, Whisperer. — To  play  the  spy, 

^jtJLsf^  tajdssaSf  ^yA^-  ^^as.  ^mal 

jdsHs.     To   spy  or  discover  hy  the 
eye  at  a  distance,  Joj  mauar.    See  See. 

Spying-glass,  «•  tj^  nasadrahm 

Squab  (stuffed  cushion),  ifJ^s^  muJthad' 
dah.  See  Cushion. — (short  of  stature 
and  thick),  i^\^\  f  y^  marhu^  al 
kdmah,  t}ji\j^^  katlr  al  had.  See 
Clumsy,  Awkward. 

Squabble,  v.  ^jU^  Jb4x  ^amal  tnund- 
ta^ah.     See  Quarrel,  Wrangle. 

Squabble,  s.  JUcjLw^  tnundM^h,   c\p 

ni%d^.    See  Brawl,  Quarrel. 
Squabbler,  dfjU^l  f^-^"^^*  muhth  almu- 

ndni^ah. 
Squadron,  «.   (of  horse),  c!iU^   hd^k. 

See  Troop  and  Horse. — A  squadron  of 

Mps,  UjjjJ  donanmd. 


iC!- 


Squall,  9.  ^Jj  Ml,  c:jyg  mnui 

MiMffn*,  his.  ^ayyai. 
Squall,  9,  LLc   ^iydt,  aIj)^  wMd 
i^^m'y^  naklh,  ^Lscw  Myhak.  Asqa 
of  wind,  ^j  45^  talklhai  Hi 

Squallbr,  LIji^  mu^ayyii,  tuc  ^^' 
Squander,  i;.  ^Uwilj)  atUf  mdkk 
si\y\  uJ^  Mfisf  amufdUhy  (J* 
MTof.  See  Waste,  Spend. 
Squandered.  See  Spemt 
Squuiderer,<.  See  Spendthrift,  Fhidi^ 
Square,  ^,j^  ffttr«5&i^,  \^nn%  m 

Square,  #•  (figure),  ^,y  J^  tkMm 
rahla^.  A  square^  Imj^  ^^tt  ki 
mtcra^^a^oA.  See  Area,  Court,  Qai 
rangle. 

Square, «.^^  iL^  ^amdah^winik. 

Squash,  «•  (sudden  fall),  alii  Is  f*^ 

Mfi&a^  ^tfitf'  ghaflaK     See  Dash,  Crs 
Squat  (short  and  thick),  duUSUi^^ 

fnarla^dl kdmah.  See  Squab,  Qm^ 
Sqneamishness,  iyj  nafrat,  |1  j^  * 

tikrdh,  i*Sb^^  hardhiyat.  < 

Squeamishly,  jyu  JiCj  htkol  nufur,  J 

Ljb\ji  htkol  kardhiyatf  \jb^  Lzrvii* 
Squeeze,  r.  ^^az  ^«,  j^^as^  ^g$ar. 

Press,   Oppress,  Crush,    Harass.' 

squeeze  gently  or    tickle  vitb 

fingers),  ^n^ar  cM&of.       [Fre&'i 
Squeeze,  A^ac  ^iz««aA.    SeeCompi 
Squint,  v,  (look  obliquely),  ^1 

hawal  hdlaho.      Squint-eyed,  y- 

dhwah     See  Oblique. 
Squirrel,  «.  c^lssLi  sif^'dh. 
Stab,  v.^fCic'b  ^-^  <2tfr0&  hH 

Tj^  /tfrflA.    See  Pierce,  Wocsi 
Stab,  tf.  ^y=r  /mtA,  pTCVew  AjJ 

MiifUfar. 


STA 


(991) 


STA 


tability,  j\J^  lar&r,  lu  hali,  A\jii  da- 
wim  cjL)  ttiftSt. 

• 

table,  «.  (for  horses,  eto.)>  JJa^l  iitdbil, 

ma-^dUf).  [Fixed, 

table,  ur^l}  sdhit.  See  Steady,  Constant, 
tack,  8.  (of  corn,  hay,  etc.),  Lt^  kawmat. 
^cte  (gam  of  myrrh),  iJUk^  may^ah. 
Liquid  stacte,  ^JuLms  K^n^^  may^h 
sdytlah.  See  Storax. 
;aff,  i,  ld£  ^Md.  A  bishop's  pastoral 
staff,  ij^  ^kkdtah.  A  staff  with  a 
hooked  head,  ^^^^  ehAgdn, 
ag,  9.  (male  deer),  Jtji  ghaii&l.  See 
Buck,  Deer. 

age,  B.  (floor  raised,  on  which  any 
show  is  exhibited),  AiJ?  tdbaHMh;  (a 
resting-place  on  a  journey),  Jj^^  ma»- 
lal  (pi*  Jtl^^i^  mandst/),  dl^^  mar- 
halah ;  (a  step),  ^^  J  darafah, 

%gger,  V.  {Jmjuj\  trta^ash,  (j}\p  to- 
ahal,  ^y>y  tarajraj,  ujb-j  ni;V- 
5ee  Totter. — (to  be  struck  with  doubt), 
j^^\  ^J^\  akhsataho  al  hlrah.  See 
hesitate. 

ig^nant  (motionless,  not  flowing),  ^^i 
^j\^  phayr  jdrl,  (^^\^  wdkif.  Stag- 
taut  water,  t^jiifj  U  ntd  «;dA;(/l 
gnate,  v.  ^^  ^  mdjara\  t*«fl5j  {('a^i/. 
gnation,  stagnancy,  t^^j^-  /•J^  ^«- 
atn  jaraydn^  cJy^  f^M^/,  ^t^^  /*Jic 
%d€»m  harakah. 

in,  «.  ^Lw  iu^&tf,  ^■■'^jr  ^ay3.  See 
pot.  Blemish. — To  stain,  ^Jb  hakkao. 
?e  Spot,  Blot,  Defile,  Discolour,  Dis- 


d,  CS/L*  malkuk.  [tdhir. 

nless,  v«^^^  ij\y§  tnd  hiht  ^ayh,  y^lk 
r,  ^.Cstaircase),  ^^J  darqffJ^saUam. 


The  step  of  a  stair,  ^jJ  darajah. 
See  Step. 
Stake,  ».  JJ^  watad.   See  Pale,  Palisade. 
— A  stake  at  play,  t^  ihart,  ^j  rakn. 
See  Wager. — ^A  stakefor  impaling  men. 

Stake,  0.  (bet),  ^\^  rdhan,  ^jJ^  ^^ax. 

^anud  short,  ^^j  ^JA^  ^amalrahn.  See 
Wager. — (to  prop  or  fasten  with  posts), 
jU^f  J  J  i2ai(r  af0^(^.  See  Pence.— (to 
empale),  JJ^  ifc^t^eaifc.  [hdyiU 

Stale  (old,  not  new  or  flresh),  uuob 
Stall,  «.  (for  cattle),  l,pU^  fna^^/(pl. 
cJllic^  ma^dlif).  See  Manger,  Stable. 
— (a  bench  on  which  goods  are  exposed 

to  sale),  (jl^jJt  (j^^/A^  majrash  adduk- 
kdn.  To  stall  (put  in  a  stall),  ^j 
fJJaJi\j  wada^  hU  utahh 

Stallion,  u.  Ja^ /aM  (pi.  J^V«^«0- 
Stamina  (first  principle,  essence),  itt*^ 
tabi^at,  LZj\j  %dt,  ^^\  asl,  Ljb\^  md- 
kiyat.  The  stamina  of  the  human  body. 

Stamp,  V,  y^ji  darab  \  (impress  with  a 
mark),  \JuJLi  nakath,  wl?  taha^.  To 
stamp  money,  ^-^«^  darah,  iS^  ^j 
dakk  iikke,  /»J^]^  uX.i  »ak  dardhim. 
See  Coin;  aUo  To  Pound,  Bray,  Bruise. 

Stamp,  ».  (impression),  ^jLsu  naksh,  ^L«0 
damghdy  m^j  rasm,  A  stamp  on  weights 
and  measures  denoting  their  standard, 
jLfi  ^iydr.  An  instrument  for  stamp- 
ing (die),  y,  tVi^  matba^. 

Stamped,  CSj(^^  matkuk,  iJ^^a:^  manm 
k^shf  ^^f^  matha^,  P^-^  '''^- 
tn&gh.  Stamped  silver  (to  mark  its 
fineness),  IcytS^  d^  faddak  mad- 
mUgha.     An  officer  who  stamps  gold 


STA. 


(992) 


STA 


or  silyer,  j\ji\  fc,^>%/>"l^  $dh&  al  ^ft^, 

Stanch  (soundi  firm  of  priociple),  cuob 
9&hit,  A  J  5rM.il  ^  mudalAm.    See  Trasty, 

BesolutOj  Strong. 
Stanch,  f;.  (stop  hlood),  aiAII  ^Isi  luUa^ 

addam.    See  Stop.  [See  Stopped 

StanchedyC  ^uLt  making  Jj  Jum.«  ma<iAii. 

Stand,  V.  (beerectonthefeet)yfc^\ji*li 

kam  wdkif;  (to  stop  «r  halt),  uJi^ 
toaklMf;  (not  to  flj,  to  resist),   a^U 

hdwam.  To  stand  opposite  (front  to 
front),  JjU^fhJi^  wMsaf  makdhil. 
To  stand  one  behind  another,  or  side 
by  ride  (rank  and  file  as  an  army), 
\yL^  \  Mfuaff^.  To  stand  amazed,  j^^a^ 
tahayifar.  To  stand  off  (a^oid  inti- 
macy), ^  ^,s^\  imtana^  ^an,  ^  Oju 


ha^^  ^«f».     To  stand  oat  (hold  reso- 
lution), j^«CLi«l  utamarm    To  stand  out 

(to  be  prominent),  \^  aJa!  takaddam 
laharrA,  To  stand  to  (ply,  persevere), 
2r  jk^^  xs^  fjA>fi  ^amal  jaddaho  wa 
JahdahOf  is,AJb  jjj  hasuU  himmattaho. 
To  stand  to  a  promise,  2r A^y  /•U  ^m 
&i  wa^dihi.  To  stand  in  need,  ^^::^^^ 
lA^d;.  See  Want. — To  stand  in  awe, 
i^L>^  hhaf.  To  stand  in  the  way, 
^>^  m<iiia&,  \j^J^  ^drad.  Stand  off! 
stand  back!  ^^y  ^ji  harri  harrf,  ^>y ' 
t— oi.'g^  arya^  likhalf. 

Stand,  t.  J^  man%dl.  See  Station, 
Post. — (a  frame  on  which  vessels,  etc., 
are  placed),  iOILj  akala.  See  Table; 
oho  Stop,  Difficulty,  Interruption. — 
To. make  a  stand,  a^U  kowam.  To  be 
at  a  stand,  ^1^*>- .L^  «ar  hayran. 

Standard,  «.  (ensign,  banner),  Jlc  ^lam, 


\^  Uu>d,  j\j^  hayrdi['fi,  C^uUrayiV 
To  erect  the  standard,  j^\yo 
nasab  al  hayrak.  The  standaid  .t 
weights  or  meaaarea^  jLe  ^^or.  li 
stamp  measures  or  weights  with  etcd- 
ard  marks,  jLffIt  w^O  damagl  d  ^ 
Of  standard  measare  or  wei^ht,;^ 
aUj  ^tySr  tamdm,  j\^\  aJ:.  ■»«»»• 

Standing, /^or^.  ajVS  Idjrtmy  uJi|«s8i^' 

Matters  standing  so,  IJ^^W ^  ^  ^ 
la^tf  AoM.  Standing,  jmt^.  (lasti^ 
^IS  ^yttn,  Ji])jt^  ykayrtayU^J- 
^i^.  SeeSettled,E8tablished,Sti^. 

Standing,  «.  jl^^cudl  istimrdr,  Ou  i^ 
&d^.  See  Continoaiioe ;  aZao  Stm 
Bank,  Condition,  Competition.-- 
long  standing,  ^^  k(H^  J-ic  ^afi 
See  Ancient. 

Standish,  #.  (for  ink,  ete.),  4j^J  i» 
waydh  (pi.  CL^ljI^J  dawwdydi\  i^ 
makharah.  Putting  ink  in  a  ^gsi^ 
j*^p^  takhir. 

Stanza,  «.  l:l>^.»)  ^ayf-,  ^  i^  mwc^ 

Staple,  i.  (emporium),  jJCJ  i«Mr 
Staple  commodities,  ^Vrsi^Jt  f}^y^  ^ 
wdl  attijdrah.  The  staple  of  a  1:  - 
or  bolt,  ^Hi  kalldhah, 

« 

Star,  ^UjsT  najmak.  The  polar  e(? 
JUylll  ^^^  kawkah  aahMmal  T) 
morning  star,  ,^u^  \  ^usfrnafmai u^ 

A  wandering  star  (a  planet  or  cxst- 
as  distinguished  from  a  fixed  sif 
*  J  L»  d,Aafnajmah  «ay*rflA,  j  UJ'  *f- 
afmo/m  assdytr,  A  falling  star,  l^v 
ahahdb.  The  star  or  planet  Saturn,  J> 
zukai.  The  star  Jupiter,  ^^^^  ■*' 
^rf .  The  star  Mars,  ^^  «Mr*i 
The  atar  Yenua,  »^j  saiirai.  Tba^' 


BTA 


(993) 


STA 


llcrcuiy,  CtJ^  ^tdrid.  The  inflaences 

)f  the  stars,  /•^^cUI  mM^  ahkdm  an- 

lujum.    The  ascendant  of  a  star,  ^^\ 

\wj.  See  Ascendant. — ^The  star  pre- 
iominant  at  the  birth  of  any  person, 
hJlt  taU^,  A  fortanate  aspect  of  the 
tars,  liJLa  M^<7.  The  two  beneficent 
tors  (Japiter  and  Yenas),  ^(J^^uj 
%^ln.  The  two  malignant  stars  (Saturn 

• 

nd  Mars),  ^^^i«M«2^  iMtoii.  The  star  of 
eligion,  ^  J^f  J^iuj  »a^  addln.  The 
tar  of  the  state,  ^^j]l  ^sf^  na/jm  ad- 
awlah  (proper  nameeor  titles). — Stars, 
,yser  tiujurn,  c-^^^  kawdkih.  To  rise 
B  stars,  ^Jl^  foJt^.  See  Bise. — To 
bserre  the  stars,  J^y  roiod.  A  star 
a2er,  (^^^^  munajjim,  jl*^  raudd, 
ee  Astronomer. — A  star  (mark  of 
3ference  in  a  book),  ^Ic  ^aldmahf 
;L^l  uhdrah.  The  science  of  the 
AiB,  f^^^  (Xs'  ^hn  anm^Um,  See 
^tronomy. 

rboard  (right  hand  side  of  a  ship), 
y^ll  s.^^jA^\  s,^\p^jdmb al  marhdb 
r  ayman. 
-ch,  luJ  wUhd,     To  starch  (linen), 

^*M.ril  ^jiJ  noihsha'  al  gluuHl. 

■ched,  LuJ  fJ  fihi  nashd, 

*e,  9.  ^J  JCj  JisJf  ^^;«^1  am^n  011- 

o,  «.  (fixed  look),  Joj  naaar,  ^U^l 
iLi\  im^dn  annatar.    See  Starling. 
er,  #.  ^)l!i3^  mutaUi^ 
k  (quite),  ^^as.'^  tnahd,  j;llx«  mn/- 
&.     See  Stiff,  Strong,  Gross,  Deep, 
ill,  Mere,  Quite,  Simple. — Stark  mad. 


'£intic. 


c;. 


majnUn  kkdlit.      See 


Starlece,  *a^ij  hUd  nu^'m. 
Starlight  (lastre  of  the  stars),  /*^^^^  ^ 
diyd  annujUm.  [See  Bright. 

Star-Uke,  v^/)t  J^  mM  a/  ibte^i^^. 
Starling  or  stare,  jjijjj  Mirsflr. 
Starry,  starred,  ^jstr  ntf/timl. 

Start,  1^.  (spring  up),  la)  fu»^,  ^  no/br. 
To  start  from  terror,  ^JiiJUj\  irta^h, 
^— ^j  ro^.  See  Tremble. — To  start 
(set  out  on  any  pursuit),  ^1a  m\b.  ^o- 

%am  iala\    See  Begin.  [nattah. 

Start,  t.  (quick  and  sudden  spring),  ^ 
Starve,  9.  (perish  or  be  perishing  with 

hunger),  ^ye^  ^  CZ^L*  mfi^  mm  a/ 

Starved  (with  hunger),  ^^^  ^;^  uu.^.>.^ 

mayyit  min  aljn^ ;  (with  cold),  LSi»«y< 
J^f  ^  mayyit  min  al  hard. 

Starveling,  «.  9^t  ^  c:^g>^  mayyit 
min  aljU^. 

Starving,  $.  c  ^t  ^^  CL^y  mawt  min 

alju^.  Snatching  greedily,  as  a  starv- 
ing man,  (jS^-J^  hahath.  Starving  one- 
self, c  ys}\  ^  dll>.  CJU^  mawwathd" 

laho  min  alja^. 
State  (condition),  Jl^  hdl  (pi.  J'^^ 
ahwdl),  ^Ll  «^»;  (station,  rank), 
^J^  mar^a^a^,  iJij  ruthat,  ^jJ  da- 
ruj'at ;  (the  public,  community,  govern- 
ment), ^yl>-  hukUmat,  4JX«i^  m<imi!0« 
kat,  XJ^  J  dawlaty  ilXL*  mu/^ ;  (pomp, 
magnificence),  ^  -*^^  ^  cOMamaL  See 
Grandeur,  Dignity. — A  state,  state- 
ment, or  representation,  JU-  ^^ 
^ari  Ad/.  A  state  or  account,  w-;L*>. 
hisdh.  Affairs  of  state,  Au\A^\jy$\ 
wnUr  assdltanah,  Ail^\  J^^f  ahwdl 
al  mamlakah.  In  whatever  state  it  is, 
U^^  J  ^  s^ V  ^^  ^^*^  ^^'   Aocord- 


63 


8TA 


(9»4) 


Stk 


mgiothestaie,  JW1  c^*..*M*a^^iXM«(  I 
al  kdL    A  state  of  oonfosiony  Jls^t 
J[J\  MtOdl  al  h&h  lJ^J^\  iUirdh, 
A  chair  or  bed  of  state,  (JiUf  ^/ 

ionH  dlwmlk.   See  Throne. — ^Ministen 

of  state,  il^ji\  ^Uc^  a^ydn  aiiawUt. 

het  destin  J  ran  with  slackened  rein«,  and  pas 
■ot  the  nigbt  but  with  careless  mind ;  for  be- 
tween the  closing  of  an  eye  and  its  opening, 
God  changes  one  state  of  things  into  another ! 

•  JU  J\  J\^^  *U^>.»1«*  wis 

State,  r.  (represent  in  a  memorial),  ijOjC 
^arad;  (arrange  anything),  Joj  nasam. 

Stateliness,  <>^hf  ^atamat,  iits^jaldlai. 

See  Grandenr,  Loftiness. 
Statelj,   ^jVir  ^osim,  j^  kahlr;   adv. 

hikol  shawkat. 

Statesman,  $.  (one  acquainted  with  the 
affairs  of  state),  j^f«jsrlj|^^yX«  01M- 
dabhir  um^r  aljamhur.   See  Minister. 

Station(8ituation  where  any  oneisplaced), 
^\i^  makdn,  J^sr^  mahal,  ^fy  maw- 
da^.  See  Sitnation,  Post,  Place,  Posi- 
tion, Kesidence. — (employment,  office), 
\_  -  -^'^^  mansabt  A^Jl>-  khidmat.    See 

Dignity.  —  (rank,   condition  of  life), 

*•  •  ••  _ 

^j^  martahat,  iJjj  rutbat,  ^j*^  da- 

rajat.  See  Character. — A  station  on 
an  enemy's  frontier,  )e\ij  rib&t.  Sta- 
tion of  a  railway,  jj*Xs^\  ^^J  i&\j 
h&^t  darh  al  hadid.  Stations,  JjV^ 
mandzil,  ^L«1  amdkin. 

Station,  v.  J«>-  ja^al,  ^^  ^ayyan, 
\_  -^'  nasahf  f-^  tvada^  See  Place, 
Appoint. 

Stationary,  L2-oIj  sdlit.  For  this  island, 


npon  which  yon  are,  is  not  really  an  island, 
but  it  is  a  great  fish  that  has  become  station- 


ary ia  ^  midst  of  dia  «a,  ad  tbc  «oc  l< 
aenimnlated  upon  it,  10  that  it  bis  >-.v 
like  an  island,  and  trees  have  srovi  vf  v 
it  for  a  Tery  long  time;  and  men  y^  ^. 
afiieonit,thefiahfeHthe  bets«  tai  r 


itself  in  motion,    ^1  sj  )s^  i^  .'. 


i^'i 


m; 


Stationed,  ^,«^  aMiMta^,  |^<; 
coyyiN.  See  Placed. — Hones  statin 
for  posting,  JtL.d>J\  ,J«>  khtfliif*' 
See  Post-hone. — ^To  be  stationed,  • 

Mtfte^dyytii.  [^5fjfd&iE^ 

Stationer,  t.  (seller  of  paper),  J;<  '^, 

Statuary  (the  art  of  carving  'm& 
jyA\ji^-  Juc  ^dm  kajr  aumw.  >^ 
Scnlptnie.  —  (a  carver  of  stitssi 
^Ui  nakkdik.    See  Carver. 

Statue,  «.  (human),  Jll^J  timah  ' 
an  idol),  m:^  wnam  (pL  aLc^  mm 
^jJ^  iroMin  (pi.  ^U^\  aw9dn\ 

Stature,  13  itai<f,  £«li  kdmal.  Of  c^j 
stature,  Z«U1\  la^^i^  muUicm^  I 
i^ifM^.  Tall  of  statnre,  i^'^^"^ 
iawil  al  kdmah.  See  Tall.— A  ^ 
short  of  stature,   ^^\Si\j^  ibkir^ 


AomtfA.  See  Dwsrf — Then  she  o&rd  jj 
some  food,  and  he  ate ;  and  oonTrn^'.-i  I 
sning  between  them,  they  mentioned  ibe  t; 
Bedr,  his  beauty  and  loTelioess,  his  ^ 
and  the  justness  of  his  form,  his  horxta^ 
intelligence,    and     polite    accofflp^u^'' 

4J  j\j  dUx:^.     And  Joharah  looiei' 


STE 


(995) 


STE 


he  King  Bedr,  and  saw  him  to  he  like  the  full 
noon  when  it  makes  its  appearance  from  behind 
ihe  black  clouds^  of  elegant  stature;  comely  in 

lis  smile!  Ci3ui!l  ^\  ijtiy^-  Cl^^laJ 

itute>  «.  ift\c\j  td^idah,  ^^li  hdnUn 
pi.  fji^^^  katednln),j^\  amr  (pi.  ji^\ 
\mnr),  Jl».  hukm  (pi.  /%l^l  ahkdtn). 

\ee  Law. 

\jy  V.  (continue  in  a  place)»  i*Ux^t 

ttakdm,  ^jLa  sakan,  Js^\  uiahar, 
^  DwelL — To  stay  for  (expect),  Aai3l 
ntazar.  To  stay  (repress),  L^  dahat, 
uJn^  mana^  See  Eestrain,  Obstruct, 
linder.  [ikdmat, 

7  (continuance  in  a  place),  i^\j\ 
yed.  See  Fixed,  Settled;  Serious, 
iedate. 

ad,  ^jo^  ^awad,   Jjj  hadak      See 
lace. — Instead  of,  \a^^  ^wadma, 
adfast,    steady   (constant,    resolute), 
J  Is  kayim,  ^\j  rdnkh,  u:^l)  sdhit, 

adfastly,    steadily,    cjLj  Jij    hikol 

ibaL 

adfastness,  steadiness,    d-^Li  %abdt. 

ee  Firmness,  Constancy. 

ik,  B.  (slice  of  flesh),  ^  l^-J^  shar- 

%t  Jahm,  To  broil  steaks,  j^a^  ^y^ 
\awa'  lahm, 

d,  V.  (take  by  tbeft),  ^j^  aarak. 
der,  Jjl-»  «fir»^.     See  Thief, 
iling,  part,  J^La  idrii* 

dingly,  !jjJi\j  bisiurkat.    See  Slyly, 

y  stealth. 

dth,  iJ^  aurkat.    See  Theft.~By 

ealth,  ^ijs^b  htlmukhfl,  iJjmi  tur- 

itan.     See  Clandestinely. 


Steam,  jUk^  huJthdr, 

Steam,  v.^Ur  J^^^c  ^amai  hukhdr. 

Steamer,  ».jl>  <^r^^  morifeai  ndr. 

Steed,  8,     See  Horse,  Courser. 

Steel,  Si^  haldd.  Steely,  ^^oJ^  Jfiteift. 
To  steel  (make  hard  or  hardy),  ^LilT 
c^^Jl^  ^amalahoiuUb,  JjJj^  A^s.  ^ma- 
laho  shadldf  ^/y  aU^  ^amaiaho  kawl. 

Steep,  JjU  mdy»7. 

Steep,  ».  ^^li^  hdwiyah.  See  Precipice. 
Steep,  r.  Jt^  bid,  ^  naka^  See  Soak. 
Steeple,  a.  Zj\x^  mandrdh. 

Steepness,  j^St^  hadur.     See  Declivity. 

Steer.     See  Bullock. 

Stem,  *.  jL  9dk.     See  Stalk,  Trunk.— 
(family,  race),  J^\  asl,  J.-mJ  fuul,' 
l^^^mJ  nasah ;  (the  fore  part  of  a  ship), 
L^j^\  ijJj  rds  al  markab. 

Stench,  <0 J; ^^j  rdyihah  radiyah.  To 
stench.     See  Stink. 

Step,  «.  (progression  by  one  removal  of 
the  foot),  >JJ  kadam,  ijia^  khatwai 
(pi.  ci^f^Lik  khaiwdt).  See  Footstep. 
— The  step  of  a  stair  or  ladder,  i>-^  J 
darajat,  A  step  of  promotion,  </n_T.-» 
martahat,  SLJj  ruibat,  i^-jJ  darajat. 
A  descending  step  {also  the  lowest  step 
or  degree),  i^J  darakat  (pi.  CL^lii^ J 
darakdt).  Stepbystep.  aJ^  Ajjjla(^m 
bikadam,  ^asTj*^  tadrijan. 

Step,  9.  ^^1 J  (^«. 

Step-father,  «.  ,<^^  «nir«i5f. 

Step-mother,  ^^  mwrMiyat* 

Step-son,  c^^j  radt3. 


Step-daughter,  4^^  roSfitfA. 
Sterile.     See  Barren. 
Sterility.     See  Barrenneis. 
I  Sterling,  j\ji\  ^L  Ugh  ai  ^dr.     See 


8TI 


(996) 


^*J  ij^Mt  #j«J  mIW 

Stem  (of  A  ibip^y 
Hit  a1  nm-M. 
SteiB  (seme  of  oovntenaiiee), 

flezibte;  jIm  Hard,  Seme,  AfliedTe. 
Btew,  «.  (fidi-pood),  lLXa^Z^^  ftirW 
MiMi;  (stewed  neat),  ^^^^  ydbta. 

Steward,  «.  J^^  mW.  See  AKeat.— A 
steward  of  the  honadiold,  VJ^^  ^^3 
wakil  al  hkmrj. 

Stick,  Lac^  ^.     See  Staf^  Twig. 

Stick,  r.  (toadhere),  ^Jl^  Jf  U?  td&il  ^ota*, 
^Losll  HloMik,  ^y^\  Uimak.  To  stick 
(te  be  nnable  te  move),  ^  InA.  To 
stick  to  (insist  upon  anything),  ^1^  J 

IsA  jails'.  See  Insist — Tocansetostiek, 

^j0^  lauak     Stick  no  bills,  j;«a)j]i 
Ua  jl^y  /Is  fa2iicifc  oirraifc  Aaad. 

Stickle,  a.  (espouse  warmly  any  person's 
interest),  tij^  (J,Cu^  si^Mi^  tar^tfaho. 

Sticky,  j;>  J  d^&«l.  See  Yisoons,  Gluti- 
nous, Adhesive,  etc. 

Stiff,  ^<UmdMi,\aJLiyMb.  See  Hard, 
Strong,  Bigid, — (proud,  inflexible,  ob- 
stinate), 0y4S^  tmUamarrid. 

Stiffen,^  (make stiff),  ^^L^dL^>£.  ^amalaho 
mdktn,  i^y  ^L^  ^amdlaho  kawl ;  (to 
grow  stiff),  ^2)S^J^  9dr  aioiin,  uiy ^^ 
iar  kawi. 

Stiffly,  i)l^JCj  htkol  saldbai,  ij\s^  JCj 
hikol  matdnat. 

Stiffness,  isLa  iddhiU;  (inflexibility  of 
temper),  jLf  ^ftttfi.  See  Stubbornness, 
Formality,  Constraint,  Harshness. 

Stifle,  9.  j:^  l^aiM^,  ^^J[ii/a^^.    See 


— 'toa- 


-( 

Stigma,  a.  ^  J  dlafi* 

Brand.—' 

da^k,  f^  iwasR.     See  Bnid-  . 

render  infamooa),  ^^  fai^k 

Stigmatised,  branded,  i»^j^  Mnu; 
(rendend  infimuras),  ^^^  mI^ 

Stile  (<^  a  dial),  4^LJt  c^^  M 

aftd&aA. 
Stiletto,  ^^ficL^  Umsmt.     See  D^ 
Still,  r.  4^1b  ilAUk*.  See  Qoiet,  Appos 

— (to  make  silent),  i^  >.?■>»  asliLi^. 
Still,«.(quiet,ealm),|^«3ld  Adil;  ^sik' 

«.=^L»  9dhi,   <^^>»Lg    SdMli,  w*^ 

Msia^;  (motionless),  ^(^;»*  ^'^  "^"^i 

iUmioA.— A  stilL     See  Sileoee,  Cls 

Still,  ad9,  (till  now),  ^   J1 12^  «fe«. » 

Hitherto. — (notwithstanding),  Jr^ 
iLJijma^lolzaltk.  SeeNeTertbtks 

— (ever),  Uj^J  ddyimmm^  (•^j-*'  / 
^ala*  addawdm.  See  Always*  C(s£^ 
ally. — (after  that),  Ijjb  jju  haj'i^ 
\dJb  ik.^  ^Ati^i  hasd ;  (in  co&tiuss^ 
i!/«^^tX«  jC-i  hikol  muddw0m4tf  ^ 
j\jj^s^\  ^M  id  isttmrdr. 

Stilled  (calmed),  c^«V*  wmhadJg; 
lenoed),  ls.>^Lm.^  mitfaiiia^. 

Still,  8.  stillatory  (vessel  for  distillB::^ 
fj^  I  anbik.  The  neck  ^  spoat  >:  < 
still,  L^^  lawhb.  [iboed: 

Still-bom,  ^Jo  turh,  La**  m&i^.   "" 

Stillness    (calmness,    quietness;,  *y 
hadawat,  ^UJblij  rafdhtyai^  4^^rs' 
See  Tranquillity,    Qaiet  —  (sOtt- 
LZJj^  sukut,  «j:..<wi^  smiA 


sn 


(997) 


8TI 


Ily  (calmly),  ij\Si  JCj  Ukcl  hai&wat; 
silently),  CJ^yLi  J^  UM  tukM. 

molate,  9,  (to  excite),  v.^*^  raghghihi 
jOj»-  harrad.     See  Incite,  IiiBtigate. 

mulated  (excited),  \^jS^  muharradf 
^j^^  fnuharrak. 

mulation,  \j£\  tffhrd,  \Jai^  tahrid, 
L^jOsT  takrih,  ^.^c^j  targhib, 

ag,  B.  iji\  ibrat  (pi.  j\  ubar),  j*^ 
Mtfhar,  iSyJL  ihawkat.  See  Prick. — 
"he  sting  of  a  scorpion,  c-^^^1  iSy^ 
hawhat  al  ^krah. 

Qg,  V.  ijjii\i  *i  ghau  hil  tbrat     See 
^ck.  Pierce,  Pain.  —  Stingless,  ^U 
i^  mdlaho  shatokat. 
Dgily,  (Jo^^  # t^  i-^  ^*^^  tama^ 
7a  hukhl.  See  CoTetously,  Ayaricionsly. 

Dginess,  JaT  lukKlf  ^  Mh,     What 

haye  left,  I  left  not  out  of  generosity,  Imt 
irough  the  decree  of  CK)d  and  His  iudflnnent 
a  mankind,  which  most  be  folfiUea.  I  was 
>r  a  long  time  Ml  of  joy  and  happiness^ 
id  I  defended  my  aBylum  like  a  fierce 
on.  I  was  nerer  quiet,  nor  wonld  I  hestow 
mofltard-seed,  out  of  ayarioe  and  sttnginen, 
ren  were  I  cast  into  the  fire.  Such  was  my 
ate  up  to  the  moment  when  I  was  smitten 
jT  the  decree  of  the  Great  God,  the  Creator, 


le  Maker,  ^.i  aJ.rw  Ui  \::^y  ji  l« 

*  sjrjUl  jJUJl  (^\  ii'i\^ 

\gy,  iJ^J^hakhil,  ^jamamsL  khoiU,  See 
varioions.  Covetous. 

k,  8.  ^jiJ  natan,  lsx^^^\j  r&yxhat 

thlhat.     See  Stench. 

k,  V.  ^1  anion* 

king,  adf,  ..iC^LX/t  muntin.     See  Fetid. 


Stint,  V.  lauJ  dabaif  JJ^  haddad,  Jas 

huBor,  j;^  dayyak. 
Stint,  «.     See  Limit,  Bound,  Bestraint; 

Proportion,  Allowance. 
Stinted,  J.<X«^  mahdud^  ^^^  madh^t, 

yioL*  maikw«ar.  [Pension. 

Stipend,  ki^  ^Ufat  See  Salary,  Pay, 
Stipendiary  (receiying  stipend  or  salary), 

ii^  a1  laho  ^H/at, 

Stipiic,  stiptical,  (^\j  kdhid.     A  stiptie 

medicine,  ^^UljJ  dawd  JMid, 

Stipulate,  \9jJ^  »harat,  «Xfe  ^JaX'  ^amal 

^ahd,]ffjjJ^  Jif  ^akad8huriltt^j\ij\  ^J^ix 
^ffffio/  UtifBik.    See  Bargain,  Contract 

Stipulation,  J^  ^hdf)0jJ^ihart  (pi.  k^^ 

jU;1  Utif&k.     See  Bargain,  Paction. 
Stir,  1;.  (move,  to  agitate),  cJ^  harrak, 
^j>^  L<^^  ^t^'  ^r<i^.    See  Mix. 
— (to  moTO  oneself,  to  be  in  motion), 

dSj^  (J^bC  ^oma/  harakah,  c)js^  to- 
harrak.  See  Move. — To  stir  up  (to  in- 
cite, instigate),  cJj^-  harrak,  ^^^ 
raghghah.  See  Stimulate.  To  stir  up 
sedition,  Juii!!  cJ^  harrak  alJUnat, 
^f^  hayyaj.  See  Sedition. 
Stir  (tumult,  bustle),  ^Uwl  ihamdiah, 
Xi^ghawghd,  i^JUnah,  See  Commo- 
tion, Agitation,  Disturbance,  Sedition. 

Stirrer,  s,  (causer  of  motion),  .^f^  mth 
hayyif,  cJ]^  muharrik;  (one  who  is 

in  motion),  cJjSS^  mutaharrik,  <jf^f^ 
mutahayyaj. 
Stirred  (moved),  C^j^^  muiaharrak; 
(excited),  <^vf«  muhayyqf;  (provoked), 

L^jLn^  muitarib. 
Stirrup,  # .  t^\^j  rakah  (pi.  iJL>\i^j  rakd- 
hdt).  To  the  imperial  stirrup (M.rer 


STO 


(998) 


STO 


sented  to  the  king),  ^yi^  ^->^(;  ^\ 
tZs*  raidh  hamdfMiL, 
Stitch,  9.  LI^  thofyat,  %.^^  hOmb.  See 
Sew,  Mend,  Unite,  Join. — To  sew  with 
wide  stitches,  L£i  hMMhai.  A  stitch 
in  the  side,  c,.^;a*1  d^f  J  wSi  Mljanb, 
f.l.jhut^.    SeePleori^. 

Stock  (tnmk of  a  tree), ^cr*  Ju^  inHMi^ 
$ajar.  See  Tronk,  Block,  Log,  Post — 
(a  noBy  linesge),  J^l  mI^  JyuJ  nod, 
e,  >!*>■)  MMsft;  (ac^itsl  in  trade),  ^\j 
JU!)  rtf«  «7  aid/.  See  Fond,  Store.— 
(a  handle),  Jj  yw/,  ^dui  i«Ms. 

Stock  np^  9.  ^j  iala^.     See  Eradicate. 

— ^A  stock-jilliflower,  (Ja3^  btnmfiU. 
Stocking,  $.  f^\j^j^rdh. 
Stocks  (for  oonfiuiiig  the  l^s),  j!i  /«U. 
Stoic,  «.  (philosopher),   ^tj|^  ravdis, 

^\^L«Jf  ^^\  ^  t— i^uilji  fmflatufmm 

M  d  utiawdiuiJL  [See  Bobe. 

Stole,  9.J5j  wmmdr,  ^jt^J^,  iatnuklM, 
Stolen,  fJ^-AMb^  sMuniJL 
Stomach,  ijjt«  si^iU.  See  Belly.— The 

stomach  of  hiida.     See  Giazaid,  <Jrop. 

Stomacher, «.  ^\  i^ls^J)  ^  ^LJlf  ^  Jj 
cJ^jJ^  htdM  mI  m9au  wtim  d  dtidf  M 

Stomachic  (belonging  to  the  stomach), 

1^  Jjt^  SMJ^aift.    A  stomachic  medicine. 

Stone,  9-j^  Aa/ar.     See  Bock,  Pebble, 

OrareL — ^A  flint-stone,  ^^^  MwwSn, 

See  Flint — ^The  ftmons  Uack  stone  at 

Htec%CfyJi\y^ht^tiimwmd.  Apre- 

vi  stone,  i^i^^jmrAarsA  (pL^t^ 

*M^).  A  toQchstone,  cljlsr«  anOai^. 

^^»^««^ei's  stone,^]1  vjm^^I 

->  L^iisiid^^Lin 


ajbir.  A  mill-stone,  4j^^^^<f  ^ ' 
oMAftw.  SeeMm-stone.— AitosK 
in  paving  (oiiio  a  stone  paTement .  c 
taAl^  (pi.  (^ILL  Moiol).  TcT 
0r  strew  with  stones,  laL  htOai,  ^ 
LL^  ^(smaUko  mmiaOai,  A  iniE'Ss 
anj  direction^stone  on  a  road,  J*«k 
Jl£  ^«2asi,  2U&C  ^atesMit  The  ibiz 

stone  (lapis  specnlaris  tide),  jl^  ^< 
,j0;ll  ^/ iaviaA  a/an^.  Thesz 
tatty,  Uij^l^  A^  a<fft6y«.  D 
stone  which  attracts  inn,  ^/^r  j 
wuigkmdiU.   See  Loadstone,  IL^Kt* 
A  graye-stone  or  tnmnliis  of  Btooes  -? 
a  graye  A4kS»-j  rajma^.  SeeMoossfi 
—The  stone  of  froit,  i\y  asira^,  if 
^mfwok.     A  date-stone^  5^f^  ;«e^ 
Stones,  ^1^1  aA^r.   The  noise  siiiil 
a  horse  over  stones,  <i  J^j  J  daUi&il  ] 
threw  stones, jl^  uJj^  Mi/<^<^ 
jl^  c-^  ibivA  ai^.     To  lein  ^ 
stone  nntomed,  i^J^^^  sJk^fW  ;^ 
jaddahowajahtMo.   SeeEmploje'^ 
endeavour. 
Stone  in  the  bladder,  tya>^  henetk 
Stone  (made  of  stone),  ijj^  i^fj^ 
Stone,  r.  (beat  or  kill  with  stones,  0\ 
rajam.  .  [^j 

Stonebreak  (herb),  jST^r'^  ^ 
Stone-cutter,  «.  j\s^  ^u^. 

m 

Stone-hoTse,  t.  J^  ^^^-^^  ^*  ' 

See  StalUon.  [Q^^' 

Stone-pit,  a.^  ^ *Xil#  aia^ ^  "I 

Stony,^  %«r,  ysr^  »«*/^- 
Stood  {prei.  of  stsnd),  I  «tood,  ci-i-V 

irdJb/.     He  stood,  uiJlj  (^"  ^/* " 

tffojb/.     We  stood,  ^^Ji]}  ^  ^^ 
mskn  iammaynd  wdki/in.    Yoa  -<  ■ 


STO 


(999) 


STO 


fjiiiSl\^  f^^^i^  fP^\  antum  iammayUiim 
wdhifln.    They  stood,  ^^fi^\^  \y^  ^ 
hum  tammu  tp&ki/ln. 
tool,  s.  ij^S  htriH, 

k>op,  V.  (bend  forward),  Jt«  mdl, 
^J'^ss:^  inhana*  \  (to  yield,  to  be  in- 
ferior),  JJjJ  tasallal;  (to  condescend), 
^^ly  tawada^;  (to  alight  as  a  bird), 
i^yb  hawa\ 

Loop,  9.  stooping  (act  of  stooping),  (J^ 
mayl,  Larl  inhind,  c  ^j  ruiu^ ;  (con- 
descension), %^^y  tawdda^i  (fall  of 

a  bird  on  his  prey,  on  a  tree,  etc.), 

i^^  hatci, 

tooling,  part.  ^A^^  munhanl, 

top,  V.  (stand,  cease,  desist),  a^  kdm, 

i^jiJ^  wekef,  i^M^  Uwakkaf.  See 
Paase. — (to  hinder  from  progressive 

motion),  wi^  mana^  J^  iodd.  To 
stop  up,  iX.1  sadd.  A  stop,  stopping 
(cessation  of  progressive  motion),  i^^y 
tatoakkuf,  uJyj  wakuf;  (stoppage), 
w:^  man^t  J^  sadd.   See  Obstruction, 

Obstacle,  Impediment.  —  (interrup- 
tion), c\Laj\  inkiid^.    A  stop  or  point 

in  writing,  ^iaAj  nukta,  kcr^  muhat. 

See  PauBe. — And  I  did  not  stop  nntil  I  ar- 
rived at  it;  and  lo,  it  was  a  large  white 
dome,  of  great  height  and  large  circumference, 

\J>\,  44\  uO-,  J  j\  \j^  Jj^  ^, 

^—  •     ^  ^^9  —  *     ^—  •         •         • 

iJ}\Ji\.     And  they  looked  at  it,  and 

lo,  upon  it  was  a  horseman  of  brass,  on  the  top 
of  whose  spear  was  a  wide  and  glistening  head 
that  almost  deprived  the  behol&r  of  sight,  and 
on  it  was  inscribed,  0  thou  who  comest  unto 
me,  if  thou  know  not  the  way  that  leadeth  to 
the  City  of  Brass,  rub  the  hand  of  the  horse- 
man, and  he  will  turn,  and  then  will  stop,  and 
in  whatsoever  direction  he  stoppeth,  thither 
proceed,  without  fear  and  without  hesitation, 
for  it  will  lead  thee  to  the  City  of  Brass, 


u'*^^,  J!/  iA/"  J^  ^^J  \Aj  43 
iL.^t  Ji>ll  ^^^  l:^  J  ^\ 

1^1  i^Mj  i^  fc^U  u-w  f^ijj^  ^^ 
l|Jli  'T^j^^j  vl^^^'*  uJ^  "i^  \^LLJi 

m 

stopped,  stopt  (hindered),  ^^^^'^^  mam- 
ntL^.  Stopt  up,  J^ Ju«*^  masdud,  JumJw* 
munsad. 

Stopple,  9.  gj\j^  9addda. 

Storax  (gum),  ijL^  may^ah.  Liquid 
storax,  <OjL)  iju^  may^ah  9dyilah, 
Indian  storax,  ^  JCJb  Iju^  may^ah  hin- 
diyah.     The  storax  tree,^^^  ^abhar. 

Store  (abundance),  iji^  huarat.  See 
Plenty. — ^A  store  or  storehouse,  J^^*^ 
^yiS  mahdl  al  mUnah. 

Store,  V,  ^y  mMowan,  ^^^  ^abba\    See 

•i 
Hoard,  Furnish. 

Stork,  9.  jU  laklak,  j2U]  laJUdk  (pL 
jIU!  lakdia).     The  cry  of  a  stork, 

iA&  IMahat.  Ix^^' 

Stork's-biU  (herb),  ^\)\  iy\  ibrat  ar- 

Storm,  «•  (tempest),  Ltu^j  tawha^i, 
^^j^  fortHinah.  See  Whirlwind, 
Hurricane. — (an  assault  on  a  fortified 
place),    A«lS     Xs.  /^ys^   hujUm   ^ala* 

hal^.   See  Sedition^  Tumult,  Violence; 
Calamity,  Distress. 
Storm,  V.  (attack  a  place  by  open  force), 
A«!i  ^Jlc  ajs^  hyam  ^la*  hal^a. 

Stormy  (tempestuous)  j^^^^  ifllf^J'  -^ 
stormy  sea,  ^\yii\jaP^\  al  hahr  al 
tnawtpdj. 

Story,  L^^  hiidyat,  ^UdS  ki99dh.  See 
History,  Tale ;  Fabloi  Fiction,  Lie. — 


BTR 


(1000) 


STB 


An  idle  story,  J^f  l^U  f^l^  hikayai 
mdlihd  Oil;  (a  floor,  flight  of  rooma), 
*AAf  tabakah.  See  Floor.—To  teU  a 
Btorj.     See  Belate. — A  story-teller, 

ci^^l-C>-   hik&wdtl.     See  Historiaa, 

Fabulist. — Then  he  asked  me  respecting  my 
case,  and  what  had  happened  to  me;  wherefore 
I  acquainted  him  with  my  whole  affair  from 
beginning  to  end ;  and  he  was  astoushed  at 

my  story,  ^U^  ^  y^^^  ^^  (^ 

stout,  i^y  jbfi^,  JjJlI  ihadld.  See 
Strong,  Kobost,  Brave,  Besolute;  Ob- 
stinate. 

Stoutly,  iy  JC>  hikol  kUwaL 

Stoutness,  sji  k^wai,  iJJL  ihiddat.   See 

Strength,  Yalour. 
Straggle,  v.j\j  d&r.  See  Wander,  Stray. 
Straggler,  9-j^^^  dawwdr,jL9  ^U  md- 

laho  mukar.  See  Wanderer,  Vagabond. 
Straight  (right,  not  crooked),  ^jfl54<*^ 

mustakim,  ,^y^  8awa\  See  Upright, 
Erect,  Strait — A  straight  line,  Lf^- 
^mJIm*^  khatt  muitaklm.   To  straighten 

or  make  straight,  4^^  ^d^«x  ^amalaho 

»atoa\ 
Straightness,  Z^Ui^l  utikdmai. 
Straight,  straightways,  ^l^  hdllan.  See 

Immediately. 
Strain,  9,  (great  endeavour),  Jj  >-  ^<*mi 

»a^ja%il,  A^iac  tX^jahad  ^oslm.    See 

Stretch. 
Strait  (close),  ^J^  dayyih.  See  Narrow. 
Strait,  «.  (narrow  pass),  (J^^^d^  madik 

(pL  (Jl^*A^  maddytk).     See  Pass. — 

(difficulty,  distress),  li  hold,  Jm*^  dlk. 

See  Poverty. — Straits  of  the  sea,  ^^jL** 
j^\  halak  al  hakr^jiej)  hughdn.    The 


Straits  of  Oibrsltar.  J^;^\^S  ^ 
tBsnddk,  j\3jl\jarbakrmMi6k.  Tb 
Straits  of  Babelmandel  or  Babebns&ii} 
(the  gate  of  tears),  c^xJl  LJi  iii 

Straiten,  9.  (make  narrow),  fjt^isffi 
See  Contract,  Confine. — (to  redm  tj 
straits  or  difficultiee),  iA^  l^  ^ 
^amal  ^alayhi  dikah.  See  Distzs 
Perplex. 

Straitened,  (j*^^  mudayyak.  To  i)( 
straitened  or  reduced  to  straits,  iJ^ .. 
^l1m0  f dr  ^alayhi  dtkah. 

Straitly,  ^Hfi^  J^  hikd  dUoL  k 
Strictly,  Closely,  Intimately. 

Straitness,  ^^a^  dikah  (pi.  fj^  £<• 
See  Narrowness,  Closeness;  Distrtf 
Difficulty;  Rigor,  Strictness. 

Strand  (bank  of  the  sea  or  river),  '^ 
u:i\  ihat  imnahr, y^\  ^^Lt  fdk. 
bahr.    See  Shore. 

Strange,  l^^  gharib.  See  Fcv^ 
— (wonderful),  ^^jiy^  ^^^^i  (i^*"^ 

(uncommon),  ^Jj  (oA^,  ^js^^f 
»S<ii\  kkdrif  ^an  at  ^dak  See  lU 
IrT^;ular. — (new),  ^t^jadid;  [t 
known),  J^fsr*  nu^'h&l,  uJ./«/ 
yAoyr  ma^rii/;  (not  acquainttd),^ 
^  fc^i^U::.^  ^^^  M4c^dr^  vf^ 
Anything  strange,  2[i«^l3  iidArii  | 
Strange  !    (interjection  of  adminba  | 

Strangely,  U;^^^  ^ji  Btwflvify^ 

Strangeness  (unoommonness^  fiseignB* 
wonderfulness),  c,^1,c^  *— ^^  :^ 


yib  wa  yhardytb;   (coldness,  ns^ 


STR 


(  1001  ) 


STR 


aversion  from  intimacy),  if  J^y  hurndat, 
l-;L.:ls^I  iftindb.  See  Shyness. — 
[mutaal  dislike),  ^UJ  tand/ur,  x^J 
Udsarruh, 

ranger,  #.  (foreigner),  u^^  gharih 
[fern,  ^yi  ffharlhahf  pL  U^c  ghurdbd) ; 
a  guest),  uJ--^  dayf,  JjjJ  nosi^  (pi. 
[jj  nusuM).  To  pretend  to  be  a  stran- 
ger, Ci^yC  <iJU-  J.4bC  ^amo/  h&laho 
^harib.  To  become  a  stranger  (to 
lavel,  to  reside  among  stranger^), 
mjtjiu  tagharrah,  A  place  of  accom- 
aodation  for  strangers,  ^Uu  Jchdny 
]^y^  mantikh   See  Inn,  Caravansera. 

-Aiod  his sisfeer  wept  at  his  weeping;  she  was 
lOTod  with  compassion  for  his  case,  and  pitied 
lim  for  his  being  a  stranger  in  a  foreign 
ouatry ;  and  she  said  to  him,  0  my  brother, 
e  of  good  heart  and  cheerful  eye ;  for  I  will 
xpose  myself  to  peril  with  thee,  and  give  my 
ife  to  content  tnee,  and  oontriTe  for  thee  a 
tratagem,  eren  if  it  occasion  the  loss  of  my 
recious  things  and  my  soul,  that  I  may 

ccomplish  tby  desire,  ^r>  ^t  kz>  S^ 


.^^♦^U3u^j^*4jlLl 


^ 


lUcuJli 


*  v/****^^  ^^  ^^^  ^ 

mgle,  V.  Jh^  khanakf  ^jJai  faiioi. 
se  Hang,  Suffocate ;  Suppress. 
iQgled,  jjJii.^  tnakhnUk,  j;  j  \^<- 
\anlk.     To  be  strangled,  (j:<^\  in- 
\anah,  [See  Hangman, 

angler, «.  ^  U^  ilAditti^,  jILl  khanndk. 
.ogling,  part.  ^lfi>^  khdnik. 
ngling,  strangulation,  ^j»»k!!i\  cUaA/t 
kitd^  atmafoi. 

Dgury,  9.  JjJ\  (jMf^  ^^'  ^  hawlf 
^\  ,«aa£  cwr  al  howl.  Troubled 
ith  a  strangury,  fjj^iy**^  ^ji^  «dyir 
ho  ^tur  bawL 


Strapping,    f^*i*J^\  ^jhr  ^aslm  aJ  y«m« 
See  Tall,  Large,  Bulky. 

Stratagem,  ^Jurw  Al/aA,  c^y^nl^^  ma/^ti5y 

^fann,  Ju^  j^(l.    See  Fraud,  Deceit, 

Canning. — For  the  son  of  Adam  is  possessed 
of  strataf^ms  and  artifice  and  guile ;  he  cap- 
tm«th  the  birds  from  the  sky,  and  the  fish 
from  the  sea,  and  cutteth  the  mountains  and 
transporteth  them  from  one  place  to  another, 
and  all  this  through  his  stratagems  and  artifice, 

AmAJ  ^S:i^j/^^  JiP-j<i  (^^^  ^\  J^ 

straw,  ^jJ  tibn,  ^JIj  kashy  u,alr.  ^laf. 

Attracting    straws    (amber),    \jjb\^ 

kdhrabd. 
Strawberry,  $,  ^a^  cz^y  tiktfranjl. 

Stray,  v.  ^J^\  ^jc>  O^  doll  ^n  attarlk. 
See  Wander,  Boye,  Straggle,  Stroll,  Err. 

Straying,  $.  iSLi  ddldlat. 

Streak,  f.LflLiUa^^yJitaAim.  See  Stripe. 

Streak,  v.  l^^lac^  J»4^  ^moi  hhnUikif  Ja^ 
taitar. 

a* 

Streaked,  streaky,  jLLs  mukallam 

mukhattat.     See  Striped. 

Stream,  ^Li  idkiyah  (pi.  ^^^  tawdl^). 

See  Rirer,  Riyulet,  Onrrent. — And  he  beheld 
a  tree,  and  found  hy  its  side  a  stream  of  water, 
so  he  went  to  that  tree  and  seated  himself 
in  its  shade,  on  the  bank  of  that  stream, 


stream,  p,  ^j>'  jora^.  See  Flow,  Pour, 
Issue. — To  stream  (as  milk  from  the 
dug  wben  milking,  or  anything  simi- 
lar),  jJ  dmrr. 

Streamy  (abounding  in  streams),  ^ 
_jf^  koUaho  MWdta.  [idyU, 

Streamy,  streaming,  ^^^  jdrlf  JjLs 


STB 


(1002) 


STB 


Street,  t.  jUj  wldi,  ir^W  hSrtih  (pL  ' 

iZj\j\>^  hdrdi).  A  broad  Btreet,  f;V^  . 
ihdri^.     See  Boad. 

Strength,  iy  itttmi^.   See  Force,  Yigonr,  | 

FimmesB,  Power,  Ability,  Solidity. —  • 

To  acquire  strength,  ^/^  tdkawuxi.  \ 

Strengthen,  9.  (make  strong),  4^^  haw- 
wi ;  (to  confirm,  establish),  cs..^*j 
iobhat.     See  Corroborate. 

Strengthener,  «.  c^^L«  jnniaiMfff. 

Strengthless,  djS  ^U  m^J^iblira^.  See 

Weak. 
Strenaons,  Jj JJ*  ihadid,  jyx,  (fhayyUr, 

^^jB^  shqfi^.  See  Brave,  Bold,  ActiTC, 

Yehement,  Zealous. 
Strenuously,  AcLsr^j  SaA  JCj  htkoi  hm- 

matin  wa  BJu^d^ah, 
Stretch,  v.  (extend,  strain),  «X^  fnadd, 

IimJ  hasat.     And  while  I  was  in  this 

state,  lo,  that  bird  alighted  upon  the  dome, 
and  brooded  over  it  wim  its  wings,  stretching 
oat  its  legs  behind  upon  the  ground,  and  it 


slept  oyer  it,  l}\^\  ifjJb  ^^Jx,  \j\  U.r...,.i 

Stretch,  b,  WmJ  ^m^,  tX«  tnadd,  JJO^ 

iamdid.    Stretch  of  power,  ^JuJ  ^- 

^addi,j^  jabr,  j^  javor^  Jia  %ulm. 
See  Tyranny. 
Strict  (exact,  accurate),  J^J^  mudaikik; 
(severe,  rigorous),  jjJu&  Bhadid,  aj\^ 

Bdrtm,  (c^lS  hd^i  (not  remiss),  j^ 

JiUs^  ^A^yr  mutaghdJU. 

Strictly  (accurately,exactly),j;^  JcJ  \L  l« 
highdyat  attadklk ;  (severely,  rigorous- 
ly), Zt\j^JlCj  hikohardmat;  (not care- 
lessly), JlJ^^  Ci;^«^'cr*  ^^^  ^^^  ihmdl. 

Strictness  (accuracy),  ^  J  dikhat,  (J^S) 


Uiklk;  {9e9fAj),lm\j0fmrSmd.  See 
Bigor.  [i^  Ito^ 

Stride,  B.   (}img  step),   iif*-*  /«itt: 

Strife,  JU^.^2£;-  iAimlBMil,  lcj\:^  wm- 
so^    See  Contentioii,  Discoid. 

Strike,  f.  c-^^  lUv^,  M  Ui^  ^ 
Beat,  Pound.— To  strike  a  kigc. 
j^jli  J-«Ji  ^awudlaaar,  1?^  J^ ^| 
f  AdH.  To  strike  off  (aepanU  k « 
blow),  vJaj  io^.  To  strike  off -fsi 
an  account),  c-»U*J\  ^^  ^^  i«^ 
min  (d  kudh.  To  strike  a  bdl,  JJ 
(jy^l  cUA  a/  jara9.  To  strike  fi^H 
- ji  kadah.  To  strike  up,  c^  ^^ 
See  Begin.— To  strike  at  the  nwu  ^ 
haUc,.  To  strike  with  the  hons.  ^ 
Ma^.  See  niMisr  Horn. — To  s2l| 
with  astonishment,  ^^^i>-  ^^Ity^-  ^ 
Amaze,  Surprise. 

Striker,  b.  ^-^U  ddrtb. 

Striking,  fMEfi.  f^j^  ddrih,  *1?I  Utr 
Striking  (astonishing),  L^^y  ' 
^ajfib.     See  Surprijsing,  Wondcrf:- 

String,  B.  L^  ^:^  ihaytlimui-  ^ 
Thread,  Cord,  Twine,  Bope. — ^A  be* 
string,  yj  tcatar. 

Strip,  V.  (make  naked),  ^^^  c«nr<' : 
spoil,  rob  JiJ^^  ^  BhaJhk  hltr. 
See  Plunder.— (to  peel),  j£j  kati^' 
To  strip  leaves  from  a  branch^  ^f 
jS!^\  J^  •£  kharat  ^uruk  tuBajBr, 

Stripe,  «.  ijj^  darhat  See  Lash,  P  ' 
— A  stripe  (on  cloth,  etc),  Ji  ^^ 
The  weaving  (of  cloth),  with  ^m 
^^AaJ  toiftm.  Woven  with  stripes.  ^ 
mukallam.  To  stripe  (weave  «  ^ 
with  stripes),  Jj  kdUam. 

Striped,  Jx«  mti£a7/am. 


BTB 


(1003) 


bth 


ipling,  «.  OU  (^\j^  shdh  hdligh.    See 

iTouthy  Boy. 

ipt  (naked),  yj^ij^  ^arySn ;  (plun- 

lered),  ^^*^  tMuhaUah, 

ive,v.  2rJ^^^  ifJo^'  J.4X  ^mdljaddaho 

lajahdahOf  izMb  J«3j  hasud  hmmataho, 

lee  Striye,  Strag^lei  Employ  every  en- 

leavonr. — (to  contest),  a^Uw  ihdsam, 

^U  ndna^f  ^jL^  J^^^c  ^amo/  fnund' 

a^ah.     See  Contend. — (to  emulate), 

)^  (^\^  idhak  ahhad.     See  Yie. 
oke,  «.  4^jLtf  tadmat,  JUjLo^  miMd- 
Eama^,  <ui3  lakmat.   See  Blow,  Knock, 
'oke,  V.  (rub  gently  with  the  hand), 

ollyV.  |»l»- Adm,j\ji25r,  ^iy  ^j^*^ 
u^^  (termm  mawda^  la  tnawda^,  J^ 

Aaroi.  See  Stray,  Wander,  Bamble, 
tore. 

ongfi^i^lawl.  See  Vigorous,  Healthy, 
itout.  —  (mighty),  j jli  kddir,  j  JaL« 
lukiadir.  See  Powerful. —*  (tiolent, 
ehement),  Jo  Jl2»  ihadld,  ^,j>'  hMrb\\ 
cogenty  convincing),  w;a^  mtt^i^; 
firm,  compact,  solid,  lasting,  not  easily 
roken),  )oy,A^  madbut,  ^^^j  rasln, 
j^  matin,  ^j:^^  sQhit;  (fortified,  not 
asy  to  be  taken),  ^j^:^  matin,  ^j^os^* 
luhattan',  (potent,  as  liquor),  JLm^ 
luskir.  Strong  in  taste,  jU.  hdd.  See 
Lcrid,  Bitter,  Sour. — Strong  in  smell, 
p>:^  muntin.  See  Fetid,  Stinking. — 
L  strong  castle,  a  stronghold,  ^j'O^ 
;;>a>.  hisn  hann.  See  Fort,  Fortifica- 
ion,  Castle. 

OQgly  (with  strength),  i^  ^J^  Hkol 
Utoat.  See  Powerfully,  Vehemently, 
iagerly.  [rabha^.   See  Stanza. 

Dphe,  ^,j^y^  LS..^'yj  hayt  ihi^  m%h 


Struck  {part,  of  strike),  L^^j^d^  madrHh, 
Struck  with  the  foot,  l^^X*  malbilt. 
Struck  with  the  hand,  (^yn^  mdU^m. 

Structure  (action  of  building),  hj\AA 
^imdrah,  Uj  hind ;  (form,  make),  Jm 
ihaU,  ijya  sHrat.  A  structure  (edifice), 
Sj\j^  ^mdrah,  U;  hind,  ^L«j  hun^dn. 
See  Building. 

Struggle,  V.  '  Jkfs>-j  y  J^  J^  Jac  ^auMi/ 
koljaddaho  wajahdaho.  See  Labour,  En- 
deavour, Strive,  Contend,  Wrestle. 

Struggle,  ^^juj  «a^i,  *XP^jadd,  J^^  /n^. 

See  Endeavour,  Effort.  —  (pain,  an- 
guish), U&fil  f^^md,  Cy^^tT  ta^ab.    See 
Distreas. 
Strung,  i»^i4«a<  madmUm,    Pearls  strung 

together,  jljS  d««M^  dummat  /u/il.     See 

String  of  Pearls,  Necklace.         [Hoot. 

Stub  up,  !;.  OJ  ib2ti^.     See  Eradicate, 

Stubbed   (truncated,  short  and  thick), 

Jkill  c  y^/*  marhu^  al  hM. 

Stubborn,  jjU^mu^dntii.  See  Obstinate, 
Inflexible,  Stiff,  Harsh,  Rugged.— To 
be  stubborn,  JJlc  ^nad* 

Stubbornly,  oLc  J^  hikoil  ^ndd. 

Stubbornness,  jLfi  ^ndd.  SeeObstinacy. 

Stuck  {part,  of  stick),  J^jf^  magkiHt. 
See  Pierced. 

Student,  studier, «.  Jx  v^U?  tdlib  ^ilm, 

A*>4Jj  ^a/mU,  Ju^lJ  taldml%.  See 
Scholars.  [posed. 

Studied.     See  Learned ;  Designed,  Pur- 
Studious  (given  to  books),  Jlcv^-JU? 

tdlih  ^m,  uJjU  ^rif  See  Learned, 
Contemplative.  ^~  (attentive  to  any- 
thing), ^  ^L  id^lfl,  ^  ^^^ii*^ 
mu^nJ  fl,  {jmj\a^  mumdris.  See 
Diligent,  Busy,  Careful.  —  Studious 
people,  ^jii»^j^i^  dariiin. 


STU 


(1004) 


SUB 


Studiously  (with  close  application  to 
literature),  jl^i^-l^  ^U^'J*^  bidarsin  tea 
^'tihdd;  (attentively,  diligently),  J^ 
«Vp*j  J^  hikol  jaddin  wa  joAd,  Jl^ 
C\f^\  hikol  ijtihddf  OJ  JCi  hikol 
dtkleai;  (on  purpose),  Jua^b  hUkasd, 
^^  ^  l^n  lasdm,  \s4A  ^amdan, 

Studiousness  (addicted  to  study),  jl^&f»-Jll 
JjJb  (U  ijtihdd  hil  ^ilm,  {j*»j*^  dare. 
See  Study. 

Study(ofbook8),(jM>;jAir<,c^:;^l^lL« 
mutdla^t ai kutbt  AJi\  J»»d^ig" tahall at 
^ilm.  See  Literature.  —  (attention, 
effort,  endeavour),  _A«t  sa^l,  ^4^1  J  jj 
hioU  al  himmat,  AUiJbl^  a\jJ\  ikddmwa 

ihtmdm,  Ju^  kasd.     Study  is  my  oc- 

oupation,  and  to  learn  and  to  initiate  myself 
in  Bciences  is  my  exertion  and  my  loved  par- 
suit  ;  all  my  store  consists  only  in  words,  whose 
magic  power  I  wield  in  prose  or  verse,  to  frame 

whatever  my  lips  rehearse,  ^^JJL^^ 

Study,  V,  (literature),  (jm^O  daras;  (to 
endeavour  diligently),  if^^s^  J^  (J**^ 
^amalholjahddhOf  ^<iui  s^^I,  d^i^Jb  J  JJ 

ftoso/  himmatahe.     See  Employ  every 
endeavour. 
Stuff,  f^.  (cram),  ^^^  ^o^^'. 

Stumble,  v.  J^^mJ  tatharpal,  (J^Jj 
tatoMah,  jJj  »i^;&.  See  Slip,  Slide, 
Trip,  Fall,  Stumble.— (to  err),  J-^a>- 
^  l:t^  hasal  mitww  sahn. 

Stumble,  §.  (trip),  ]o^  sukut;  (error), 
^  sahn,  ^!ia:>^khaUl.  See  Slip,  Blunder. 

Stnmbler,  «.  kiiLi  adkit. 

Stun,  V.  (confound  with  noise  or  impor- 
tunity ),^ls:^\  cjutf  aadda^  al  hhdtir, 

V/^y^  Ij^  *^f*^t  orr&s.    See  Stupefy. 


Stung,  ^  yJi/t  Mtfbv^. 
Stupefaction,  JUjJ^  mit^J,  i^Mnf 

iiiUjjt  indih&9k.    See  Stujdditj. 
Stupefactive,  ^JLlbS^  nmMtk,j^fk- 

ha^ir,  JjbJ^  miMi^ 
Stiq«fied,  i^y^J^  ffuulJbU&,  J*i^ 

modAu/,    uu^b   hakii,  jJ^  Ufs 

When  the  party  beheld  him,  their  raac£i5 
from  them ;  they  were  stupefied  fi  ^ 
sight  of  his  form«  and  retzeafced  ia  fish 

^  jU  y^^  Aii-tf  ^^t^  Vj  ^ 

Stupefy,  9.  ijMJbjt  adJunk,  ^^\i> 

akkan  d  ^akl,  Jjb0\  tMal^J^  kfw 

Stupendous,  v---^  ^Ih  S-^  ^ 

Stupid,  jJj  halidy  Ji£ lb  itZd^  ^e 

Dull.— Stupid  (in  point  of  i/t^^ 

subject),  Li  labd,  ^^^j  *'^^ 

Stupidity,  i^Li  ghahdwai,  iSL  Idsk 

Stupidly,  J  jL  J^  biiol  halddat,htL^ 

UkdUdahat. 
Stupor,  ij^  hlrat,  jUjJf  M^Odi^b. 
dahihai.    To  be  affected  with  a  sts^ 
ij^\  ^  j^l  Maaiaho  al  kirsL 
Sturdily.     See  Stoutly,  Hardily;  0^ 

nately; 
Sturdiness.     See  Stoutness,  Stress- 
Sturdy.     See  Stout,  Hardy,  Str(ai|. 
Sty, 8.  (for  hogs),^ jlxi.'l  J2aj  i^ 

khand%lr. 
Style  (of  writing),  i^lfl!  <^  ifl  ■ 
ia^i^,  L^l^^  \j^  nafoioliatd.^ 
inshd.  Sublimity  of  style,  i-flir'***^ 
(title,  appellation),  c.^  IM  ;• 
L^\A\alkdh);  (the  hand  of  a  wati: 
dial),  i^-^j^  ^akrab;  (a  pointed irs 
steel  for  writing  on  wax,  etc),  ^^  " 
kdlam  huldd,  aS^  marbm. 
Subdivide,  v.  aLJS^  a^  iasMsiWi^' 
See  Divide. 


SUB 


(1005) 


SUB 


bdiTision,  (Jti  «muI7  taJcAm  t&nl.   See 

HTirion. 

bdue...0lb^/a<«AMtei.^uJCi; 

aghdUah  ^ala\  tl,CU7  iamdUdk.    See 
/onquer,  Oyeroome,  Tame,  Crash. 

Mued,  c^^U^  m^^fl^.     See  Con- 

[ueredy  Oyeroome. 

bdaer,  $.  \^\£,ghalihj  ^li/d[^t%,^li 

dMrfJ^  hahh&r.    See  Conqueror. 

bjacent,  vji^^^a^  foA^. 

bjecty  «.  (one  who  lives  under  the  do- 

oinlon  of  another),  i^j  ra^iffoh,  wJ 

aba^,  ijuj  taba^at.    See  Sdbject,  adf. 

Subjects,  UU;  ra^yd,  ^\y  tawdbi^. 

lee  People. 

bject  (of  a  discourse),  ^^y>«^  ma^nd', 

^^4mx^  madmUn,  The  subject  and  pre- 

licate,  «.  and  oi^*.  ^^^^  /»«xaX^  o/  m«- 

vol  khdbar, 

bject  (living  under  the  obedience  of 

nother),  ^^U^  m«^f  ^,  ^>l7  ^d^'^.  See 

tributary. — (obnoxious,  liable),  ^^^^o^ 
Jt  mu^rad  ila\ 

bject,  r.  wIL  iayya^.  See  Subject, 
Enslave.  —  To  subject  (make  liable), 
Jt  {jOjX^  Aaa  ^amalaho  mu^rad  da'. 

m 

)jected,  j^^s^  makhar,  L^j\x^  magK- 

lb.    See  Subdued. 

yjection,  jLijf  inkiydd,  ZclLl  ttd^at, 

ee  Subjugation. — To  offer  to   come 

nder  subjection,  Ia^^\j^\  OMhar  al 

*'d^t. 

>join,  V,  uJljl  add/.     See  Anuex, 

ain,  Add.  [cf^^  mulhak, 

>joined,  subjunctive,  ^Lo/*  muddf, 
vjugate,  V,     See  Subdue,  Subject. 

jugation,  v,,  Jti7  tayhattuh,^  kaMr, 


UmaUdk,  See  Subjection. — 
The  subjugation  of  kingdoms  cr  coun- 
tries, jLIt^Ci3U.43l  ^  faih  al  mu' 
mdUk  wal  bildd. 

Subjunction,  jlsM  iOwk^  ij\^\  tddfah 
(pi.  C^liUi^  muddfdt). 

Sublimate,  r.  (chemically),  Juu^  '^^tt^' 
See  Exalt,  Elevate. 

Sublimation,  Juxno?  ta$^d. 

Sublimate.     See  Quicksilver. 

Sublime,  ^Jfj  rafi^  ^JU  ^aft,  ^<^La 

9dml,  k^L&  «Adi9ifM.  See  High,  Lofty, 

Grand,  Haughty. — The  sublime  (style), 
Ci-^Ul^l  itndb,  ^)\c  fjM  nafat  ^lu 

Sublime,  «.  See  Sublimate,  Exalt,  Im- 
prove. 

Sublimely,  ^^j^^y^  u^  ^^^  t*^^  ^^ 
irtifd^,  ^U  i^y  bi  wajhin  ^dh. 

Sublimity,  ^^j^  irii/d^,  ^  ^ti/a,  )L 

^aid.  [restrial. 

Sublunary,  ^j\  ardi.  See  Earthly,  Ter- 

Submarine,^^t  %ju^a^  taht  al  bahr. 

Submerge,  submersion,  9.   ^jG.  gharik. 

See  Drown. — 0  ray  Master,  know  that  I  am 
a  stranger,  and  I  was  in  a  ship,  and  was  sab- 
merged  in  the  sea  with  certain  others  of  the 
passengers;  but  Ood  supplied  rne  with  a  wooden 
tub,  and  I  got  into  it,  and  it  bore  me  along 
until  the  waves  cast  me  upon  this  island 


Submission  (obedience,  humility),  J^fiU^t 
itd^at,    ^ydi^  kkudu^;   (surrender), 

aJuwJ  ta$llm.  With  all  submissioUi 
c  ya»^  JCi  bikol  khudH^f  c  j»aj  jCf 
Jlfj^^  iiito/  iadarru^  wa  ibtihdl.  See 
Submissively. 


BUB 


(1006) 


SUB 


Sabmiraive,  ^Jla^  mutl^  ^Icw  Ihddi^, 
ff  j^^   khadU^.     To  be  BabmissiTe, 

Submissively,  ^ V  <-^  ^*^  tawddu^^ 
c  a.ui>j  jUajI  J^  ^»i^/  inkiy&d  wa 
khudU^.  See  Witb  all  submission. — 
To  beg  submissively,  ^jm^I  Utamas. 


L:uj  *  liflUJ  b>l 


Submissivcness,  ^^»flf^  MtM^fi^.  See 
Submission. 

Submit,  V,  (yield,  acquiesce  in  the  autho- 
rity of  another),  ^ILHl  a  jJ  haddam  al 

it&^t,  JLj  sallam.     See  Surrender. — 

So  thereupon  we  put  out  our  riches  and  our 
treasures,  locked  the  gates  of  the  fortresses  in 
our  city,  and  submitted  ourselves  to  the  decree 
of  our  Lord,  committing  our  case  to  our  Master, 
and  thus  we  all  died,  as  thou  beholdest,  and 
left  what  we  had  built  and  what  we  had 

treasured,  ljJ^j-^\  ^j^^  Jul  ■  j  ^ 

Subordinate,  ^1=^  fWM^oJt^,  (^m^  mu- 
ta^aUik.    See  Inferior  (subject). 

Subordinately,  ip^jJjSLAi  hi  asghar  da- 
rajat. 

Subordination,  ^Itl  itd^at,  ^ydr>^khu- 

du^.    See  Subjection,  Discipline. 
Suborn,  v,  Jtj  JaWa/,  i^j  ,ixcl  a^<a' 

M 

Subornation,  LU^l  irtishd. 
Suborned,  ^^J^j^  murtashl. 
Suborner,  ^^^^  ra»Af. 
Subscribe,  v,  ^  J^  ^flZ/^m  cafa',  l--^ 
v^-^-^  ifcato^  ^aA^ ;  (write  one's  name), 

amda^ ;    (to  give  consent),  J^J  ^&^/, 
j^«^  r«rfl.    See  Consent, 
Subscribed,  ^^^aa^  mumda\    Subscribed 


and  sealed  (especiallj  by  a  j^ 
Jjff***^j  ^^oA^  mumia^  tM  wmi^L 

Subscriber,  i^  JuL«  muka^yid  imi 
ij^  ?^^^  w^di^  tmnako. 

Subscription,  \^6^\  imdd. 

Subsequent,  Jla!\  attdh,  gjj  JP  «^ 
tikrdho.  Subsequent  or  sabseq^sa^ti 
Jju  Ja^c?.  See  After,  Followii^J 
Subsequent  to  which,  lI^J  a»  ^^ 
wamin  ha^d  sudik. 

Subservient,  Jui^  mu/id,  ^\j  tsk 
See  Useful,  Convenient,  Sabordlss^ 

Subside,  r.  (sink  to  the  bottom,  as  '.:l 
sediment  of  liquor,  etc),  .  <-9  -i 
^.^\  r«Ma'  /f  «/  ^iiifcA.    Sec  Seti 

Subsidiary  (assisting,  broaght  in  £ 
^^U^  mu^win. 

Subsidy,  s.  <Olc\  t^nakf  *3^J^^  w*i 

musd^adah. 

Subsist,  V.  ^  *a^,  «-=^  »«ft'<,  ♦'- ^ 
See  Continue,  Exist,  Bemain."' 
bave  tbe  means  of  liring,  to  be  ce 
tained),  ^\^\^kj3j^  J^w"^ 
hasal  ^ala*  dururiydt  dl  ma-JUL 

Subsistence,  *^^^  umjud.  See  Exists: 
Continuance. — (maintenance),  ^** 
ma^^dsh,  ^U-J\  iZj\ij^j^  ddrvrt;'' 

(U  ma^ash.  See  Sustenance,  Compeb^ff-' 
was  enjoying  a  most  comfortable  Hie  cs-i  - 
most  pure  happiness,  until  it  occurred  t  i 
mind  to  travel  again  to  the  lands  ci  >." 
people,  and  1  felt  a  longing  for  tcmxr 
tran§actions  and  the  pleasure  of  f««i32  -^' 
countries  and  islands,  and  gaining  mj  m^ 

ence,  Jj^^\^  ^jL^si\  ^  ci-^  v 


(j^'omJ^  .     Nov  I  had  heud  tin:  - 


SUB 


( 1007  ) 


SUB 


lethods  of  sabsistence  are  them,  administra- 
lon,  commerce,  husbandry,  and  handicraft;  so 
engaged  successively  in  each  of  these  four, 
a  see  which  was  most  proper  and  advantageous 
)r  me ;  but  I  found  none  of  them  such  as  to 
lerit  my  approbation,  or  such  that  I  might  de- 


ive  a  life  of  comfort  therefrom,  c:  ^'^S^ 

:l;jl4^I  Ui  *  jJJlj  jJ^\  l^\J^'i 

Mistent,  subsisting,  *^j^y  maujud, 
)stance,  fj**^  jins,  iZj\j  zdt,  *^^j 
Tujud.  See  Thing,  Body,  Matter. — 
essential  part),  jib^jawhar,  (J^\  asl, 
►ee  Essence,  Body,  Matter. — (solidity, 
rmness),  »y  hiJLwaL  The  substance 
r  result,  ^L^cui  natljat.  The  substance 
f  the  words,  /«KS1  hs^cj  natljat  al 

aldm.      Substance  (means,   wealth), 
jl^!  amwdl,  ^^kc  gh%na\  ^\j  riik 

pl.  ^^jj\  artdk).  See  Fortune,  Biches, 

realth. 

>8tantial  (partaking  of  or  belonging 

)  substance),  t^j^^  jawkarl,  ^j\j 

itl;  (firm,  strong),  ^^jj  kawJ,   ^\j 

28ikh ;  (wealthy),  Jt«  y^^.^'wl^  sdhih 

\dh     See  Rich. 

(stantials  (essential  parts),  ^}ya\  usUl, 

u\Mj;Jt7  tahl^dt,  jJb\^  jawdhir. 

^stantiality,  j^y>'  jawhar,  J jL*  mad- 
it.     See  Substance. 
«tantially    (with    reality   of    ezist- 
ice),   ^jJb^^cjj^  hinaw^in  jaw- 

iri ;    (strongly,   solidly),    ^cy  a>-y 

IwajhinkawJ,  d,LJ^\^/i  alkaklkat, 

^e  Truly,  Beally. — (wealthily),  J^j 
^  hikol  ghina\  [stance. 

stantialness,  ^^  jawhar.   See  Sub- 
stantiate, V,  (make  to  exist),  ^dx^- 


wa  habaho  al  wujud.    See  Realize. 
Substantive,  a.  (noun),  ci^f  jJl  ^1  tm 

aaadt.   Substantive  and  adjective,  ^^t 

ijuA\  i^\^  Cl.>1  JJI  Urn  OKidt  toa  ism  al 

aiffah. 

Substitute,!',  (one  thing  for  another),  Amp^ 
^yc  ja^alaho  ^awad,  Jjj  <0l^  ^ama- 
laho  hadal.  See  Change. — (one  person 
for  another),  (j<o^  ^^  wakalaho  ^awad. 

Substitute,  «.  j^\JL$  ajIS  kdyitn  makdm, 

J^  toakil,  v-^lj  ndyih,   r-^L^  mu- 
hdshir.  See  Deputy. — (asuccedaneum), 
Jjj  hadal  (pl.  Itjj  hudald). 
Substituted  (instead  of  a  thing),  Jju^ 

muhaddal,  J«V^  tnutabaddal» 
Substitution,  iJl^ss:^  tahtdl,  Jjj  hadal 
(pl.  lljj  hudald),  JjJcJ  ^a^(ft/,  JIjjI 
ti^ia/.  [See  Evasion,  Trick. 

Subterfuge,  s.  ^^^  hilah,  ^Lsf^  hujjat. 
Subterraneous,  ^J^  ^J^.'^a^  taht  al  ard, 
Sabtile  (thin,  fine),  (JUij  rakxk,  i^-iial 

latlf.    See  Slender,  Delicate (artful, 

refined,  penetrating,  shrewd),  ^  J  Jlaa 

^akl  %akl.  See  Acute,  Cunning,  Sly, 
Deceitful. 

Subtilely,  ixSjj  J^  hikol  rafd^ah,  JCf 
Ajj  hikol  rikka^.  See  Finely,  Thinly, 
(artfully,  slily),  iL^  J^  hikol  hilah. 

Subtileness,  subtility  (thinness,  fineness), 
^jrikat;  (refinement,  cunning,shrewd- 
ness),  <lL»>  hllat, 

Subtilties,  ^^j  L.^1  M^yd  rakikah. 

Subtilization,j^^C  takrir. 

Subtilize,  v.  (make  fine  or  thin),  wO 
ntf&cflm,  ^^  ro^c ;  (to  display  sub- 
tility of  genius,  to  make  metaphysical 
distinctions),  ^\p  tardfa^,  ^li .  ^J^4^ 
^oma/  rafd^ah. 


sue 


( 1008  ) 


sue 


Subtle.     See  Sabtile,  Sly. 
Subtly.     See  Subtny,  Slily. 
Subtract,  «.  (arithmetically),  )ajLa  »akai. 
Subtraction,  )aJL»  takt. 
Subversion,  l-^^1  Mkildb,  a\»X^\  inhi- 
dam,  AjJb  hadm.  [rah. 

Subversive,  L-Ji^  yMab,  ^js^^^  ffttkh- 
Subvert,  v.  S-y>^  kharah,  (..^  kalah, 
j^dJb  hadam.     See  Overthrow,  Buin, 
Destroy.  [kaditn. 

Subverted,  c,,»jU^  makluh,  /% J^f^  mw»- 
Subverter,  *.  <---yB^  mukhrih.    See  De- 

troyer. 
Suburb,  9.  ij  Jbilt  ^^  to-jU-  *;U-  ^rtf 

hh&rijah  ^n  almadlnat,  ij\jJ  ^U  «dyi% 

5arranf. 
Suburban,  inhabiting  the  suburbs,  ^1 

^1^^  fC^^^  M al  BiUffdyih  al  harra- 

niyah. 
Succedaneum,  a,  fji^  ^wad,  J  JJ  hadal 

(pi.  Hjj  hudaH&y     To  use  as  a  aucce- 

daneum,  Jju  5a(^/. 
SuccedaneouB,  J»V^  muthadal. 
Succeed,  i;.  (follow  in  order),  ^J  tahi^. 

See  Follow (to   come  in  place   of 

another,  to  be  successor),  ^^qI^  khalaf, 

c^^JLe  ^kah\  (to  prosper),  ^^  ta- 

Ufoffttk,  J^  najaK      Tovsucceed  to  an 

estate,  ^^^)^  wereL    See  Inherit To 

succeed  alternately  (as  day  and  night, 
or  one  man  to  another,  by  rotation), 
l^Uji  tai&kahu.  To  cause  to  suc- 
ceed (or  prosper),  ^j}^  waffdk.  See 
Prosper  — To  cause  to  succeed  (as  one 
to  another),  Sxi  tX»^Ut  la^ilicj  ft^Jt^- 
jS^V^  ja^al-ahum  yata^akabu  al  w&hid 
ha^d  al  akhar. 
Success  (what  follows),  itiU  ^akihah. 
Good  success,  ^^  LiU  ^dkihat  kkayr. 


Bad  success,  ^ Jj  ZiU  ^aHhsi  ni- 

yah.     See  Fortune. 
Successful,  ^\j  nSjih.   SeePro^ea. 
SuccessfuUy,  ^laT^  JUi^  J6  WWi- 

wa  najdh.    See  Prosperondy,  Icn:^ 

nately. 
Successfolness,  ^IssTikj^sA.  SccSkr^ 

Succession  (a  aerira  of  persons  o'  tb^ 
following  one  another),  djis^lk^ 
jj\y  tawdh.    See  Lineage.— A  ri 

cession  (inheritance),  f^\;i^  ^ 

See  Heritage.— Uninterrupted  sua 

sion,  *-J J|/  tardduf.     In  snaas^ 

JlyJb  ii/  tou^aft.     See  SuccefiSTt| 

—Thus  I  did  nntil  the  nnnmoner  ct  ^ 
came  to  my  abode,  and  diuasters  ««^ 
before  me.  And  the  case  was  t\as:  >i 
years  in  succession  came  nponus.  duriEr^.j 
no  water  descended  on  ns  from  beaTeiLE^J 
any  grass  grow  for  us  on  the  face  of  lit «» 

Successive,  ^';S^  mutawdll,J\j^  »« 

Successiveness,  ^^^  tawdh. 

Successively,  ^J^l^  ^  t*^'  *^'^ 
Successively  from  father  (o  son,  ^«ii 

Successor,  «.  ^^i^iif^-  ifcAo^oA. 
Successors,  Uifv.  khtdafd. 
^}iQdTiQi,j,aiJL%mukia9ar.  SceSomfft" 
Short,  Brief.  A  succinct  di8C0Tii»  " 
j>'y  kaldm  mHjoi, 
Succinctly  ,jL3:i:^  3b  htlikkiiidr.j^ 

hil  muktasar,  ^^jc2r^  ^tjiJ  ^^'* 


sue 


(  1009  ) 


SUF 


lively  andsaccinctly,  J  U^^I^^JrfKidiiJ  \) 
)il  iafill  wal  ijmdL 
ccory  (plant),  bjuJb  hindibd, 
Dcour,  JX«  madad,  ^Icl  i^fMh,djj\xy 
lu^dwanah,  uJIju>1  is^f,j\s^\  tmddd. 
iee  Assistance,  Aid,  Help. — Tosaccoor, 
IlcLi  «ac0i.    See  Aid,  Help,  Assist. 
3Goared,  JlcIam^  mu8d^ad. 
3Coarer,  s.  J^Lu^  musd^d, 
sconrless,  J^Lm^  ^L«  mdlaho  muad^d. 
3calent  (juicy,  moist),  a^J  dusim. 

leniency,  ijjffj  rutuhat. 
$cumb,  V.    See  Yield,  Sink,  Faint, 
scussion,  (shaking),  CS^ijSi^  tahriJt, 
^j^  harakah,  2r*jb  hasse,  ^Los^  khadddh. 
;h,  \^ijb  hakasd.     In   sach  manner 
lat,  f^\  cyj  binaw^an,     Sach  a  one, 

^  JUdn  (fern.  ^!Li  JUdnah).     The 

aster  of  the  Te»el  had  caused  her  sails  to  be 
•read,  and  pursued  his  voyage  with  those  who 
id  embarked,  not  regarding  such  as  had  been 

ibmerged,  c^-^f  ^U  u^J^j^  '^j 

u^  cir^  uT^  Lli-^Aib .     Such  was  the 

se  of  these  princes.  As  for  the  old  woman, 
e  remained  alone  in  her  house ;  and  the  Lady 
mya  longed  to  divert  herself  in  the  garden, 

,  V.  {jc/9  ma»$,  ^ij  rade^  See 
bibe.  Drain. 

(act  of  sacking),  ^^^^  moM,  ^\jj 
la^h.  See  Milk. 
er  (one  who  sucks),  ^^j  rddt^; 
young  twig),  cy  Jlr^.  See  Shoot, 
rhe  sucker  of  a  yine,  J^  ffhan  (pi. 
£  ghurUt), 
ingy  i'tfr^*  ^^^j  Tddi^^  ^^j  ^^i; 


Sucking  the  fingers,  ijui\^\  ^jcJ^ 
Suckle,  9.  wi^  I  radi^ 


Sudden,  \J^  faj^y-    ^  sudden  unex- 

pected  accident,  »*\s?  fajaah. 
Suddenly  (on  a  sudden),  ^dii  _Le  ^M 

ght^h^  i\j^  fajaatanf  dsJo  haghUUan, 
To  rush  upon  suddenly,  aLlic_lc  ^^ 
A^Vvm  ^o/a'  ghaflat. 

Sudorific  (promoting  perspiration),  Jy^ 
mu^rrih.  Sudorific  medicine,  ^^«^i^  J 
dawd  mu^arrik. 

Suds,  ^y  l^t  t«  md  M^difin. 

Sue,  V.  (beg,  entreat),  9^^/>^  tadarrac, 
(•.^.JlL  ^0^3,  ^^^M^l  iltamoB,  To  sue  at 
law,  |Ju£  (<£«3Jt  ind^^  \^y  (J^*^ 
^Jl£  ^^J  ^amo^  da^wah  ^M,    See 

Litigate. 
Suet,  ^»^  #^Am.    See  Fat,  Tallow. 

Suffer,  V.  (bear  with  patience),  Jas^^-] 
iMamal,  ^jAae:^  iahammal,  j^  sabar. 
See  Bear,  Endure. — ^To  suffer  loss, 
khe80r,j»aj\  indar.  To  suffer  pain, 
tawajja^.  To  suffer  misfortunes,  ^j 
L  ^  ioaka^fl  hold.  To  suffer  punish* 

ment,  ^^.^U?  ta^dkah.  To  suffer  or 
allow,  ^^^  samah,  ^^sLj  ^Jafl  tf^to' 
m^hsah.     See  Permit. — Then  he  bestowed 


alms  and  gifts,  made  presents  to  all  his  flimily 
and  friends,  and  began  ■  to  eat  and  drink 
well,  and  wear  handsome  apparel,  and  asso- 
ciated with  friends  and  companions,  and  he 

forgot  all  that  he  had  suffered,  ^JXaj  Ji 

CI7  <.-yu^  iLt  J^L  j\^^  iAsf^S^ 

Sufferable,     J'^cac^     yuhtamaL       See 

Tolerable.  [Tolerably. 

Sufferably,  JUip-  b  St  i%^fm<3/.     See 

64 


SUI 


( 1010 ) 


BTTL 


Sofferanoe,  suffering  (pain),  J\  alam, 
^^^ioi^'a^;  (patience), ^^foM*.  See 
Moderation. — (toleration),  ifj^\  fjf^- 
%ah,  Aidfi^j  rukhioh.  See  Permianon. — 
Long  Boffering.    See  Patience. 

Suffered,  endured,  ^^asjbt^  mMu$ndl; 
(permitted),J>U^ytfyts,  Aj  -.^4wyub/«  amm- 
mUh  hihi. 

Sufferer,  t.  (one  who  Buffers  pain  or  Iobb), 

aw  ioqfa^. 

Suffice,  V,  (to  be  sufficient),  ,^  kafa\ 

^haffa\  See  Supply,  Afford,  Satisfy. 

Sufficiency,  h\ii  kafayat,  \is^\  iktafa. 

See  Competence. 
Sufficient,   Jl^hdfl,  SeeEnough,PIenty. 
Sufficiently,  ^l}\si  Jsafayatan,  ii\ii\\i  hU 

kifdffah,  fJ^  ^9^,  hinaw^n  kd/l. 

Suffocate,  v.  (juLi  faitas,  ^jjci\  ^JbS 
kaia^  annafa8,  (J:<^  khanak. 

Suffocated,  JLxis^  mukhtan^.  To  be 
suffocated,  JU*:xfiL  \  ikhianak,  A^mAJ  m\ni]  \ 
inkata^  nafiuaho. 

Suffocation,^^^tfij]lc\kftjl  inkitd^annafiu. 

Suffirage,  iZJya  tawt  (pi.  iZ^\ya\  oitcdt). 
See  Vote. 

Sugar,  JL»  ntkkar.  Sugar-candy,  iLs 
CL^LJ  sukkar  nabdi.  A  dealer  in  sugar, 
JLi  cUj  hayyd^  sukkar.  The  sugar- 
cane, ^Ja^  L,,.^*^'?  kasab  mas.  Dressed 
with,  preserved  with,  or  made  of,  sugar, 
jLJU  JtAx^  mu^akkad  HI  sukkar. 

Suggest,  r.  (hint),  jUil  a«Aar;  (advise), 
^^^  nasah. 

Suggestion  (hint),  5j\JL\  Mdrat,-  \aj\ 
ifnd;  (advice),  ^Uv^  naslhat. 

Suicide,  ^j,Mi\  Jzj  kail  anna/s;  (the 
person),  ^Uma;  JjIj  JtdM  nafsaho. 

Suit,  f.  (set,  number  of  things  corre- 


sponding to  one  anotlier),  tS^  i^ 
(regular  order),  aUoJ  nisdm.  See^es 
— (retinue),  fJ^*^^  f^*^>^  1iM»-\ 
hasham.  See  Train. — (a  petitioc.  s 
dress  of  entreaty),  ^j^  if^  ^ 
Lawsuit. 

Suit,  V,  (agree  with),  ^jJ  Ubtk,  w- 
ndsab,  jS  Idk,  jilj  wdfai;  is*. 
adapt),  (^^.wU  ndtah,  ^  Idd. 

Suitable,  J3\y  muwdfik,  ^^^  ^ 

ndsib,    JjJ   Idya,    ^^  Pife^ 

And  he  said.  On  my  woxiL  O  mr  9«r.w 
is  suitable  to  thy  son  exctptinp  tbf  ^ 
Joharah,  the  daughter  of  the  Ku?  »  ai 
and  she  is  like  him  in  beauty  and  b^clar 

and  elegance  and  perfection,  ^;^' 
i^byr  iiMytS  dXijI  ^-^J^ 

Suitableness,  iii^y  muwdfalat, ««-' 
mundsabat,  &U  liydkai,  iU.*lk«fffl 
hakat 

Suitably,  &»^^  JCj  hikol  mmti!^ 

.  JLdL^  J^  hihjl  mundsahai,  4^V  ^ 
Mb/  liyakdh. 

Suitor,  t.  3*\^^  c-JlL  <a»  »iraii  * 
Lover. — (a  petitioner),  ^j**^:^^ 
mas,  ^JSjrn^  mustiuL^.  SeeSapp^ 

Candidate. 
Sullen,  Li  kahd,  JLaj  sakil, 

See  Gloomy,  Angry,  Morose, 
Sullenly,  aJUj  J6  ^io/  sakalat. 
Sullenness,    jli^f   ^tnd^f,   ZiU.' 

See  Morosenees,  Malignity,  0 
SuUy,  s.  L-^ 

Blemish,  Disgrace. 
Sullied,  L^iyjt^  m4$^yiih 
Sulphur,  ci-o^  A*JH<. 
Sulphureous,  sulphury,  tfir^ 
Sulphureouanessy 


^(i^h,j\c  ^dr,  See^ 


nury,  j^i 


,jtf<; 


SUM  • 


(  1011  ) 


SUM 


Itan,  ^UaLs  tuUdn.    See  King. 
Itana,  sultaness,  ^UaLi  ndidnah, 
Itansy  fjiiff^  utldtin.    A  sultanryy  the 

>ffioe  and  dominion  of  a  soltan,  ^ulaL» 

altanat.  See  Kin^om. — ^Then  he  rose  from 
he  throne  of  the  kinsdom,  and  went  in  to  his 
nother,  having  upon  his  head  the  crown,  and 
esembling  the  moon;  and  when  hiB  mother 
aw  him,  she  rose  to  him  and  kissed  him,  and 
ongratulated  him  on  his  eloTation  to  the  high 
ignity  of  Sultan ;  and  she  offered  np  a  prayer 
1  favour  of  him  and  his  &ther  for  length  of 

ife,  and  yictory  over  enemies,  z*^  /»^ 

ItrinesSy^^  hwr^  l^j^^  hamdtpaL  See 
try,  jl>-  hSr.  [Heat. 

n,  8.  (of  money),  ^^  maUagh  (pi. 
JL^  mdb&ligh),  A  sum  total,  ^^^ 
tm^f  SSj^  jamlai,  A  principal  snm, 
\J\  asl,  JU  ^jM\jrdsmdl,  See  Capital, 
'rincipal. — The  snm  (substance  or  re« 
lit),  J^^U-  hdsil,  ^^^^  natljah  (pi. 
f*}cj  natdyij).    The  snm  or  sabstanoe 

f  a  speech,  aKSI  ^-^¥^  natljat  al  ha- 
lm. See  Summary,  Height,  Comple- 
on,  Compendium. 

3,  V,  (compute),  c^L*>-  Ji^ix  ^amal 
'sdh,  ^u^kp^jama^;  (to  collect  into  a 
irrow  compass),  J^^*^  jamah  See 
9mprise,  Comprehend. — To  sum  up 
1  (upon  the  whole),  iL^\  (J  /f  al 
tnlah,  J^tflssl  alhdiil,j^i\  iA^  na- 
If/at  alamr,  |^L£r^l  ikhtisdran, 
imed,  c  y^^  majmH^,  [merable. 
iless,  t— .>L»fw  li  hild  hisdh.  Seelnnu- 

ndlan,  JUp-IU  htl  ijmdl,  |jlajH 
zsan. 


Summary,yidi^  mukhtawrfj^aoLtmuk- 

tasar,  Jj»ag;H  ^^^  mtdakkkJuu  at- 
tafilL  See  Short,  Brief. — ^A  summary 
(compendium),  jLdiil  tkiudr,  JU^I 
ifmdl,  j^asJs^  mukhtasar,  J\sf^  ijd%. 

Summer,  t— a^^  mj^.  A  summer  house, 
a  house  for  summer  residence,  t^On^a^ 
masyaf.  See  Villa. — A  place  o<xi- 
structed  under  ground  for  keeping  pro- 
Tisions  oool  in  summer,  »j\k^  magkdra. 

Summer,  v.  or  pass  the  summer,  cflj*^ 

Summer,  a<^'.  ^^a^  «ay/l. 

Summit,  ^^^  ra«.     The  summit  of  a 

mountain,  J^s^t  (jmI^  rd«  0/  /o^o/. 

See  Top. 
Summon,  v,  i^^JJ?  <a/a5,y^2cul  Utahdar, 

iAi\j^  f^AS-  ^mal  murdfa^h.  A  sum- 

moner,  j»^£s^  muhdir.  See  Officer  of  a 

court,  Tipstaff. 
Summons,  s^J  da^ah  (pi.  cdLcJ  dac- 

todt),  <Ui1^  mtird/Si^iiA.     A  judicial 

summons    in   writing,    jA^    icldm. 

For  three  days  he  remained  in  his  house,  and 
on  the  fiiurth  day  the  Khaleefeh  sent  to  sum- 
mons him,  and,  when  he  had  presented  himself 
hefore  him,  said  to  him,  Where  is  the  mur- 

• 

derer  of  the  damsel  ?  jLSj^  ^  u*^^ 

iuuii  j^j\  ^\j\  ^^f  ^^;  ^[A  ^ 

4^1  Jj  15  ^J  J  JU  *J1  jJt  Ui  »5;^ 

Summoned,  SycJ  <uLs  ^layhi  da^wa. 
Sumpter-horse,  ».  J-^^^^aT  jjij  Jo  gidUh 
tahmll.  [assa^u. 

Sumptuary,  ^jl\  Ju^  ^yli  kdnun  didd 

Sumptuous,  ^K^  mukaUaf,  j^Jac>  ^a&im, 

^U  fdkhir.  See  Costly,  Rich,  Ex- 
pensive, Splendid,  Magnifioent. — He  celebrated 
festivities,  gave  sumptuoDs  bauquets,  conferred 
robes  of  hooonr  upon  all  the  princes  and  the 
generals  of  the  army,  bestowea  alms  upon  the 
poor  and  the  needv,  and  set  at  Ubertr  all  the 
prisoners;  and  tne  people  rejoiced  at  the 
accession   of  the  king  JCamar   ea   Zaman, 


SUIT 


( 1012  ) 


scir 


\^Vi  j^--!^  ^  i^\  jJl^I  jJl^ 

Snmptaoiuly,  K4Vir  J^  hkol  ^wmmt^ 

SomptooiuneHy  <<4Vir  ^aMM«^,y^;  f4iAfi, 
Jig^/rifllSeeSplendogTyKagnificonce. 

Son,  #.  (y*4M&  f  Amm.  The  Bim's  ooune^ 
fj»iJ^\^J^  tarik  aihtham.  The 
diac  or  face  of  the  Bon,  ^^^^1  ^^ 

yirifi  oihihami.  See  Orb.^The  light 
of  the  San,  |^fM*4yuJ\jy  isflr  m^^bm. 
To  ezpoBe  to  the  son,  ^tA^*i\\j jJSiu 
nathar  huhiham$.  Any  phu^e  ezpoeed 
to  the  sun,  ^jttAJui^  mathmat.  See 
Sunny. — The  sun  of  religion  (a  title 

or  proper  name),  ^;£ jJt  ^J'^^^  iAam« 

adain.  And  behold,  the  sun  was  hidden,  and 
the  sky  became  dark,  and  the  son  was  relied 
from  me.    I  therefore  imagined  that  a  clood 

had  come  over  the  aan,  ^^^^aJS^^j  1  j|^ 

X^Ux^^^^uiH.  Prayer  to  the  Sun- God, 

How  magni6cent  thou  art,  0  Great  Light,  how 
beautifdl  and  how  bright !  The  eyes  cannot 
enjoy  the  pleasure  of  looking  at  thee.  If  tbon 
art  the  first  and  principal  light  aboTe  whom 
there  is  no  other  light,  let  all  the  glory,  all  the 
praises  be  nnto  thee !  It  is  thee  that  we  seek, 
and  unto  thee  that  we  want  to  proceed,  in  order 
that  we  may  obtain  a  dwelling-place  near  to 
thee,  and  may  admire  what  thou  hgst  created 
in  the  high  regions.  But  if  there  is  abore  thee 
and  superior  to  thee  another  Light,  to  whom 
thou  art  subserrient,  let  these  praises  and  this 
glory  be  nnto  him.  (Our  sun  is  supposed  to 
reTolve  round  a  oentral  sun  at  the  rate  of  2,200 
miles  a  minute ;  yet  the  whole  reyolution  re- 
quires 18,200,000  of  our  years.)  We  have 
exerted  ourselves,  and  haye  giren  up  all  the 
pleasures  of  this  world,  to  become  like  thee,  to 
join  thee  in  thy  world,  and  to  be  united  unto 
thee  io  thy  dwelling-^ace.  If  the  supposed 
caused  sun  is  so  beautiful  and  so  magnincent, 
what  must  be  the  beauty,  the  magnificence,  the 
glory,  and  the  perfection  of  the  first  Son  who 


isOeenM!    Ijisftiiiiai  ftetotf?^ 
oae  w^  looks  fer  haiiiiM  to  fibsBfr-. 
to  obtoin  a  a««Qiif-pbc«  i: ': 
ofimiaoaxtatjjin.: 
ffiMlitytea  tbe  immBmaeBf  at  iht  bis^  ( 

liishoBtBaiidlbUowexBy^vlx:--^  •< 

jL2)S\  jjA^  ^j^^  ^?  <^W*  ^/ 


z^\  vi^  J3  CC1\>!L'  iL 


i^\jii\  ,H-«*-  ^^J  i_JltX:d 


Ww 


jlU  ^  JrL  A»^   ^^J^'^.J^ 


1}   ><  iSS 


Son-dial,  ZjJlJ^JI  f^ljJl  addapr: 

hindiyat. 
Sunk  (immersed),  ^jJieXs.  ghdtu^  j 

gharhan ;  (gone  low),  tj^y^  ^ 

fu».  See  Sink. — ^And  as  they  were  prpt'r- 
one  day  they  came  to  a  pillar  of  Uki »" 
wherein  was  a  person  sunk  to  his  in: 

u«*^  M>  '*.^-*'  j^^  cr*  ■^ 

Sanless,  ^juaJL  1j  htld  ihami. 
Sunlike,   sanny  (like  the  eon}, 

Sunny  (exposed  to  the  sun),  ^J^  *' 
Sunrise,   ^^^m^^uuJI  c  jlk 
See  Morning. 


I  continued  sittine  in  the  same  ^Axt  ^ 
set^  in  a  state  of  distraction  from  tb  ^^ 


SUP 


( 1013  ) 


SUP 


be  house  from  which  the  young  lady  had 
ooked  out,  so  I  knew  that  he  must  he  her  rather, 

Jjij  ^As;.  g\jj}  XifT.  i^SSij  ^[f 

osbine,  |_^»m4>m3^  4J  <{m0  atkihams. 
p,  V.  (drink  by  monlMiilB),  ,J^  >ha- 
ak.  See  Sip. — (to  eat  supper),  ^gutxi 

m 

a^itshsJu^.     To  dine  and  sap,  lS*^ 

ap,  djjJ^  sharta.  See  Sip.     [abound, 
^eraboond,   v.  jlj  %dd.     See  Over- 

[>erabiindancey   ^(^Wj  ^iy^a^K  ^j^ 
asarat.    See  Exuberance, 
perabnndant,  jjIj  %dy%d,jJ^  huHr. 
jerabundantljy  Ju\j  ^^^  hiwajhin 
iyidf  \j^  ka^ran.   See  Exuberantly. 
)eradd,  v.  xJ^jj)^  kaiiar  hi  tay&dah. 
ee  Aogmenti  Increase. 
)eradditiony  i^^^ij  tiyddah. 
>eraddedy  \s^  Jjtj  zdyidjiddan. 

)erannuate,  v,  ^^j*i^\i  ^^jfio  ta^an  Hhin, 

)eramiuation|  ^^^b  i^iAAsSt  attakaddum 

thin. 

>erannoated|  fj^J^^i  ^^0  td^in  hihin, 

>erb,  A«l3£  ^asdm.   See  Grand,  Splen- 

idf  Magnificent.  [Splendidly. 

lerbly,  ^ulxe  J^  biiol  ^Mamat,    See 

^roiliouBy  Jf^^:>^   mutakahhirf  j^f^ 
aghrHr,  See  Haughty,  Contemptuous. 
terciliouBly,^^^  J^  hikol  takahiur. 
lerciliousnessyjiiui  takabbur, 
»er-eminence.     See  Pre-eminence. 
»er-excellent,  J-oil  afdal,  ^^J^^^ 
^fdytk  ^Mghayrihi,  See  Excellent. 


Superficial  (extemal)i  k*Mj  hMt^  jib^ 
%ahir,  ^J^Mj^  ghayr  ^amtkf  ^^js^ 
gaihi;  (shallow,  futile,  trifiing),  ^idU 
^:jt/t  mdlaha  ma&na'. 

Superficially  (externally ),yb\l3!l  (-,.^>m'v» 
hasdb  OEidhir,  ^jy^  suratan;  (tri- 
fiingly),  ^/Ajb  jCi  bUcol  hals, 

Superficialness  (superficies),  ^uJl^U? 

tdhir  ashahy,  ijyc  mrat  See  Surface. 
— (trifiingness,  futileness),  Jl^b  ^^J^ 

shy  hatU,  [See  Super-excellent 

Superfine,  >iiU  mufiahhar,   JU  ^al 
Superfluity,  superfluousnees,  if jUj  s'V^- 
dah^  i^  haaarat.    See  Surplus,  Super- 
abundance. 
Superfiuous,  JjIj  %dyidy  ^\ifddil,j^ 
kaairyjy\:sx^  mutajdwisi.     See  Super- 
abundant, [bi^ah. 
Superhuman,    ^^^jMUt  Jf^li  fdyik  atta- 
Superintend,  v,  ^Lc^U  nd%ar  ^ala',  j\^ 

m 

j0\j  sdr  nd%ir.     See  Oversee. 
Superintendence,  ijia'\i^  tmmdaarat.  See 
Oversight. 

Superintendent,  ^V^  mubdshir,  ^l^U^ 

munazir.  And  he  made  me  hii  superintendent 
of  the  seaport,  and  r€ffi:i8trar  of  eyery  yessel  that 
came  to  the  coast.    I  stood  in  his  presence  to 

transact  his  affairs,  Ltlc  ^Jkjx  ^^;lit>-j 

Superiority,  u^  JwT  taghaUuh,  ^uli  yAn- 
/(S^aA,  Ls^l  iatild,  /^j3j  takaddum.  To 

affect  a  superiority  over  others,  f^A>s> 
ij^  ^Iaj^  ^l>-  ^amal  hdlaho  halUr 

^M  yhayriki. 
Superior,  ^^  ^dh,  (JLS^  fawidnl, 
jiae\  a^m.     See  Higher^  Greater. — 
To  become  superior,  .  Jx  u,J,tf  to- 


SUP 


( 1014  ) 


V\ 


«i4   ilrV*  2:^ 


rSMv  f 


m  Uke  hiifirtWr  ii»0l  ib 


Mid:  I  m  told  tint  vWb  tke  tnbe «£ 

mipawri0thtem^hokmum,9md]etnl  it  br 
iMst  UketlMfint  ekaptar  of  the  Kom,  nd 
to  thb  d«y  BiiMdpr  itAc  boit  loiw  far  Aar 
ehiklica,  ad  man  TidaaUe  to  Omi  ^n  a 

gift  of  pure  gold,  d-f^^  Jjj^t  J^JkU 


8operior,  t.  i^mj^  rii^yw.  See  Chief, 
Lord« — A  superior  of  a  monaateiyy 
^Ljb^^  f^j  rjyyw  omMan.  See 
Abbot,  Prior. 

Saperlatiye,  ^^j  U  J^oif  a/iU  «i4  yo- 
ten.  A  roperlatiTe  nonn,  JULJ1  ^\ 
iitn  al  nmbdUghatj  Jj«nr.i<  ^^f  tifm  a/ 

Snperlativelj,  iffSLo  J6  Mb/  mifkl^ 
Saperlatirenew,  iaSL^  muhdlaghat, 
Sapematnral,  dic^^  j;iU/<Syt2;a^^a^^. 

See  Snperhaman. 
Sapemamerary,  ^^Lu^f  ^^  fawh  oil 

hiidh,  4) J^l  ^JC  tXAj  wayid  ^  al  ^dad. 
Superscribe,    v.    WjiC^Jl  ^\^  S-^ 

ib^^r^  ^nwdn  al  maktuh. 
Superscribed,  i>Ama\jjS^  muharrir  ismaho. 
Superscription,  Lo^l  mdd. 

Supersede,  v.  ^  nasakh,  Jiu  hattal, 

Jlail  ahtal 
Superstition,  J^\i  jUbxl  i^ikdd  hdtil, 


-  I 


StraeUue. 
r.  SeaSopessi: 

Supine  (lyi^on  tlie  back),  J^J^ 
i^  wmfmmMiiii  ^  sdMi ;  >: 
Hgent,  laxj,  renuM),  J^fi  m^ 
JiU /AajH  J-JJ  laiUdL  See  O 
lefli^  Indolent,  BemiflB,  Drowij.'K^ 
ligenUy),  JUa^  JC^  WWOpo/,  'g^ 
leraeas),  JUa\  Om^.  Seelo^las 

Snpper,  l^ij^  ^aiAa.    The  Lord's  Sep^r 

^)\  \:lA\  Ml  ^ftkd  mrrMim,  '^ 

f^^\  al  ^oikd  Mtarrf.    To  ^ 

snpper,  ^<'uLhf  ^asksk^.     Sapper p^ 
dnea  most  of  thedimiieBB  obKTTalib  Hi:br| 


Snpperleas,  Im^  L  ^&  ^ 

Snpplant,  9.  (displace  «r  tan  <^  ^ 

.  stratagem),  dLJU  dl^c  ^mWff  '^'• 
^A     See  Cheat;  Trip  up. 

Supple,  Jib  ddha,  uJjU^  ««r 
^^XflsUnttiit^al.  See  Riant,  Fki^ 
Limber.— (yielding,  sof^,  not  ois: 
nate),  ^--U^  ^^  layffmatt^'^ 

Supple,  V.  (make  pliant),  *«J?  j?  ^ 
tah^aho;  (to  become  pliant),  ^*. 
/an  M^aAo. 

Supplement,  *.  <t4y4^  iftwwM  ^* 
kamdlal,  Jj  J  soy^  |*U3  ^«sfl«' 

Supplemental,  supplementary,  J^ 

Suppleness,  ^\  iU  faydi»«^  «^': 
See  FlexibiHty,  Pliantne8i,CoBq«** 


STJP 


( 1015  ) 


SUP 


iippliant,  supplicating,  ^^^M^cLt  muUa- 
mi$,  ^^'^^c^  mutamannl,  ^^^^  vm^- 
tafl,  '^/'oa^  mtUadari^,  Jf^  ^^ 
tahU.  In  a  suppliant  manner,  J^ 
Jlfjlj  Ij^  ^^^  tadanru^  wa  ibtih&l. 
applicate,  v.  9/^  tadarra^,  l5^-/ 
tarajia\  ^ji^^MUamM^^J^  tamanna\ 
To  supplicate  heaven,  f/^aJ  tadarra^t 
ijfj\  ibtahal.  See  Pray,  Implore, 
Entreat, 
application,  ^^tcSI  iUimdtf  ^^>^  to- 

manni,  ftJ-oJ  tadarru^  JW^'  ibtik&l. 
See  Prayer,  Entreaty.  —  With  the 
tongue  of  supplication  and  humility, 
j\32ji\^  9y^\  ^J^.  hUUanatiadarru^ 
ical  iftikdr, 

apply,  V.  (give,  yield,  aflEbrd),  |%iXj 
kaddam.  See  Furnish.— (to  succour), 
j^Ls  8d^.  To  supply  the  place  (of 
anything),  ijo^  ^wwad,  Jjj  hadal. 
See  Substitute.— To  supply  the  place 
of  (a  person),  ^Jk3  fjoyiji^  tSr  ^wad 
JUdn. 

apply,  8.  (succour),  JJ^  tnadad,  ij\&\ 
iadnah,  ij^\x/t  ma^wanat,  yArLt*^ 
musd^adai.  See  Subsidy.  —  To  ask 
sDppUes  or  assistance,  t^AS^A  uiamad. 
ipport,  V.  (bear  up),  J-*i>-\  ihtamal; 
(prop),  J>:»^  aanad;  (to  endure),  ^^ 
sahoTf  (Jao^  tahamnud,  fjAS>>-\  ihta- 
mal; (to  defend,  befriend),  ^  \^^ 
hdfna^  ^an,  c^^rv^Ug  jU  sdr  tdhih. 
See  Pavour. 
ipport  (prop),  OCmmi  sanad,  J*4i£  ^mildf 

Lsr^  i?ui{;d ;  (assistance),  JX«  madad, 
^Lcf  t^ifikiA;  (necessaries  of  life, 
maintenanoe),  ^liwJl  cybjjj^  du- 
ruriydt  al  ma^dsh,  [Tolerable, 

ipportable,  J  >»"■  rv;  ffMamal.     See 


Supported  (propped),  Jyuuu.^  mMniii; 
(sufiEered),  J.«xs:^  mMamal;  (main- 
tained), jf-^  muibirrar;  (assisted, 
favoured),  fe^.L*^  mah/ut,  lc^*^-*** 
maAffif .  To  be  supported  or  propped, 
OOmJI  ifuanad;  (to  be  maintained), 
.^  takarrar;  (to  be  assisted),  JjU 
2F«X£Lu««  tdr  /a^  muad^adah. 

Supporter,  «.  43jL>  adnid.  See  Prop.— 
(a  protector),  ^^  ^wl-  See  Patron, 
Defender,  Assistant^  Comforter. 

Suppose,  r.  fjaji  farad,  j^^Li  J.^  ^a- 
mal  htydB,  i:ii\  {/JJaibr,  J^  takhay- 
yoZ,  AJ^y  tawahham.  See  Think,  Ima- 
gine, Conjecture,  Pancy.  —  Suppose, 
suppose  the  case,  LiJ  faradan.     Let 

us  suppose,  ^jOpft-U.i  fdlnifrid.     By 

heaven,  if  my  imagination  tell  me  truth  (if  1 
guess  right),  this  must  be  Joharah,  and  I  sup- 
pose that  when  she  heutl  of  the  conflict  happen- 
ing between  the  two  parties,  she  fled,  and  came 
to  this  island,  and  hid  herself  upon  this  tree, 

Supposable,  ^jO;iS^  JjlS  ^W  tf^  /arrf, 

Supposer,  # .  ^\j  sS^tm. 
Supposition,  suppose,   supposal,    (jwUS 
;fciyd«,  ^j  la^m,  c^)^  rdy,  j^^  iraAm, 

^  %ann,  JL^^  *%d/,  ^^jl*^  to^- 

mfii.  See  Opinion,  Porce,  Imagination. 

Supposititious,    ^\^   hhiydll,   ^^ 

hiydA,  yj^^  wahml.    See  Spurious, 

Imaginary. 
Suppress,  v.  (conceal),  yJ^  hkafa' ;  (to 
abolish),    JLj\   ahtal\    (to    subdue), 
%^Xr.  ghalahf  L^  dahat.     See  Quell, 
Subdue,  Crush. — To  suppress  evidence. 


SUE 


( 1016  ) 


SUE 


fj^\  fpi  katam  al  hak.  To  suppress 
intelligence,^^  f  a£^  katam  al  khabar. 

Suppressed  (concealed),  15*^^  makh/l, 
jj^M*^  nuuiHr ;  (abolished),  JJo^  mu- 
hattal;  (subdued),  (^^m  magMuh. 

Suppression  (concealment),  \i:>-\  ikhfd. 

Suppressor,  concealer,  <.  15^^^  mukhfl ; 
(an  abolisber),  Jia^  tnuhattH;  (one 
who  overpowers),  c^^SU  ghalib. 

Suppurate,  v.  (as  a  wound),  ^i  kayyah, 

^  ^^A^-  ^mal  kayh. 
Suppuration,  .^v-^-iu  takylh. 
Supremacy,  ij\*X,c  suddratf  ZJjjri-asat 
Supreme,  ^Jlc\  a^la%  j^\  akbar,  Jac\ 

a^iam.   A  supreme  judge,  SLasSI  ^^^ 

m 

kddl  al  kuddt  Supreme  power,  i^ jJ 
<)laIL«  kudrat  mutlakah. 

Supremely  (extremely),  <bUj  hi  gh&yat, 
ijUiS  lil  gh&yatf  \^  jiddan. 

Sure  (undoubted,  infallible),  l:;^jU  tahit, 
.ff^^  yaklnl,  ^J&s^  muhakkak,  J^\ 
akid.  See  Certain. — (safe),  ^^j^\  amln, 
JLd  sdlim  i  (firm,  stable),  ^^^^^  matin, 
ijuolj  «<S^tY.  Sure-footed,  |4  Ji!l  liujU 
«d3i^  a/  kadam. 

Surely,  sure,  to  be  sure,  f-S^jH  Sflcd 
waktc,  j;-i^1  j^^  ^a/a'  attahklk, 
UJb  yail;lnan,  U>>  hakkan.  See  Cer- 
tainly.—(firmly),  LS-^U  ^ft  ^  Wwau^- 
^•n  *a5i7 ;  (without  hazard),  ^^oj^-  Sb 
5t7a  khatar.    See  Safely,  Securely. 

Sureness,  ^^^  yakin,  fj^^s^  tahklk, 
fj^  hak.  See  Certainty. — (safety), 
L^L^  salamat,  ^Utl  amdn. 

Surety,  suretieship  (security,  bail),^Uj 
damdnat,  il\i^  kafdlat,  ,A  surety 
(bondsman),  ^»y•\^  ddmin,  y}^  kafil 
(pi.  )U^  kufcUd)y  ^jiiA^  damin.    See 


Ban,  Hostage;  Sureness,  Gertsstr; 
Support;  Eatification,  CoDfiniuti(si. 

Snrfiace,  ^^  tci^h  (pL  lyrj  mjii;. 
^  mM.  See  Face,  Oatsidfi,  Sops- 
ficies. — The  surfiMse  of  the  groirad,  i?-. 
^Ji\  wajh  al  ard.  The  fwAce: 
water,  ult  ^^  iM^halmSi.  Akr 
surface,  ^L^^IL^  softAoA.  See  I^ 
Plain. 

Surfeit,  1^.  ^4^  «Aii^^^.  ToBurfdtir^ 
surfeited,  ^-^  ^kebe^.       [%ktk 

Surfeit, «.  ^^  «Aa^^,  )b^f  tWOd.  S& 

Surfeited,  ^;\«f^  «^^fiii. 
Surge,  9.  ^y  mawj  (pL  ^^y«l  «»? 

See  Wave, 
Surgy,  ^^^  mawwdj,  [Bide 

Surgeon,  «.  -JJp-  jarrdh.  See  Bsiir 
Surgery,  Z^|^l  Ac  ^t7w  aljmk^ 
Surlily,  du]^  J^  JOerf  liltfrowi.  >^ 

Morosely.  [^ 

Surliness,  dJ\jJt»  ahardsai.    SeeHcitsr 
Surly,  (juu^  «^M. 
Surmise,  «.   ^Jb^  wahm,   Jt^  ^"J 

A^   ahubhah.     See   Suspicion,  Ci 

jeeture,  Doubt. 
Surmise,  v,  ^y  tawahham,  ij^s^^" 

yal.     See  Suspect,  Imagine,  Sag^' 
Surmount,  v.  ^^^  \^j^  isiav^^  i^' 

^Jii  yhalab,    1^  jli  /dife  jiij'.  ^ 

Conquer,  Surpass. 
Surmounted,  L^)^\it^  maykl^. 
Surmountable,  c^-^xj  yuyhM. 
Surname, ».  c-^  fa^  (pl^  («.;l21fii^* 

To  give  a  surname,  «*--^  hkhh* 

Sumamed,  t—Jl^^  m«Za£b&. 
Surpass,  v.  Jm-»  «tf^ai,  ^Ic  j\^fi^  -^ 

^li:  Aji;  takaddam  ^«fe',jl-^' V 


SUE 


(  1017  ) 


BUR 


Ixceed. — ^Thy  shape  resembles  a  freeb  slender 
ranch ;  whicn  if  required  gives  into  everything 
iberally !  Tboa  sinpassest  the  horsemen  of  the 
rorld  in  majesty  and  in  imparting  delight, 
eauty   and    beneficence   with   prodigality! 

passed,  c-.»^x^  ma^Mith,  J^^m*^ 
tasbuk, 

passing,  e  j\}  hdri^.     See  8aper-ex- 

$Uent. — There  was  not  one  of  the  children  of 
le  inhabitants  of  the  city,  men  and  women, 

"mil 


2ction,^  J^f  J^f  *Si^\  ^ 


lat  talked  not  of  the  charms  of  that  boy ; 
>r  he  was  of  surpassing  loveliness  and  per- 

plas,  Borplasage,  ^\j  hdkl,  J^li 
2dil,    See  Overplus, 
prise,  9.  (come  anexpectedly),  ^/u^ 
Jl£  kahas  ^ala\  Haa  _lc  ^i^  lu^'dm 

aid'  ghaflat ;  (to  astonish  by  something 
''onderfol),  (jfiJbjt  adhash,  i— ^,y^ 
^J/ab;  (to  confoand,  perplex),  j^^ 

prise,  «.  (surprising,  coming  upon 

oa wares),  ii\pAsL^  mufdjdhf  ImJ^  kah^ 

it ;   (sudden  confusion  or  perplexity), 

%Jb^^dahihat  I  should  have  preferred 

have  taken  him  by  surprise,  and  spoken 

ivately  with  him,  in  order  to  t^t  the  s(Hidity 

'  my  conjecture  respecting  him,  ^'^y^^ 


^ijj 


J 


ui 


:>*« 


W..,^ 


prising    (wonderful),    adj. 
vjlb,  j-jjj  ladl^. 

^risingly,  ^^(f^  Jh  ^^^  ^<!fVi3, 
^f^-JlCjhikolhir'ai,  J^^|/*aC^f  ^ 
func^n  ydhayyir  al  ^tikid. 
>rifled  (taken  by  surprise),  \j^^»^ 
iJtbUs;  (confounded,  perplexed), 
muitarib.   To  be  surprised  or 


taken  by  surprise,  AiL£>^l&d^\  ukhi*, 
^ala*  ghafla ;  (to  be  confounded  or  per- 
plexed), ^U.  hdr;  (to  be  filled  with 
wonder),  u,,,^iy*^  ta^ajjjah. 
Surrender,  v.  (yield,  deliyer  up),  aL» 
ioUam;  (to  yield  up  one's-self),  Ju«i 
^U*  BaUam  hdlaho.    To  surrender  on 
termsyltfji^  _L:  JL»  aaUam  ^M  tJmriU. 
Suirender,  aJunJ  ioillm,  ^Ikl  iid^ah. 
See  Submission. — They  demanded  the 
suirender  of  the  fort,  4j(lil\  aJuw  l^JJ? 
talahn  ioiUm  al  Jud^ah. 
Surrendered,  Juyuw«  musaUim,         [tine. 
Surreptitious.    See  Fraudulent,  Claudes- 
Surreptitiously  .See  Stealth,Clandestinely 
Surround,  v.  kU-l  ahdt,j>a>'  hoior.    To 
surround  (or  invest)  a  town,.^ld« 

hdaar,  j\^a^-  ^Jax.  carnal  kisdr.     And 

the  apes  came  to  us  ana  surrounded  the  vessel 

•   on  every  side,  numerous  as  locusts,  dispersing 

themselves  about  the  vessel  and  on  the  shore, 

Surrounded,  )o<s^  mukdl^j^^^  mt«n- 
hawr. 

Surrounding,  pa/ri,  Ix*^^  mvHAt^  jAsf* 
muhdnr.  A  high  wall  surrounding  a 
palace,  jJJl  jf^l  aiwdr  al  halad, 

Surtout,  «.  (over-coat),  ^1?^  mirtu. 

Survey,  v,  ^J^^U  ndsutr  ^ala*.     See 

View. — (to  measure),  ^^Um^  J.^«b^ 
^0tfia7  tnoidha. 
Surveying  (the  science  of  measuring  land), 
^L^-luM^it  Jl£  ^dm  al  moidha. 

Surveyor,  «.^L^  muhdshirfja\j  ndtir. 
See  Inspector,  Overseer,  Superin- 
tendent.— A  land  surveyor,  ^ji\  ^t^^ 
nuutdh  dl  ard, 

Surveyorship,  ^l;^^  mundnarai;  (land 


sus 


( 1018 ) 


SWA 


BUireyonhip),  ^lUl  £c«0  tan^at  al 
mamdh,  [rihu 

Bamvoy  r.  tj^ki  Jju  ^le  ^dshba^difhoff" 

Sarviying^  parL  and  a  Burvirory  Jb 
bdkl,  j6^i\  jjo  ^/yjU  ^ajfuA  la^d  al 
aikhar. 

Susceptible^  snaceptive  (capable  of  re- 
oeinng),  J^\j  hahU^  J^  Jxr.nK  mm- 
ia^id  li  hahikl\  (susceptible  of  love), 
jlxU  Jjli  MM  la  ^uhk;  (tender- 
hearted), v^,JiH  fj^j  raliik  al  kaXb. 

Susceptibility  (capability  of  admitting  or 
receiving),  ^uLli  kdhiliyat.  Suscepti- 
bility or  tenderness  of  heart,  u^-Jill  Zj 
rikJuU  id  kaJh, 

Suspect,  9.  ui  CX^  ihakflf  ^  ^  %ann 
fi,  ^^icLil  ut(Mwau. 

Suspected,  ^  (^>^  moMnUn  hihi,  ^\^ 
CXfJl  ^uif  u^<S^'^  ^alayhi  oMhah  See 
Accused. 

Suspend,  r.  (hang  up,  make  to  hang  by 
anything),  j;!x  ^aUah.  See  Haog. — 
(to  interrupt),  ^LS  ibto^ ;  (to  delay, 

hinder),  JLS  akhkhar,  ujilj  wakiaf, 
^»^  mana^.  To  suspend  (from  an 
office),  fjj&  ^atud.     See  Dismiss. 

Suspended,  j;U^  mu^allak.  See  Hung  up. 
— (interrupted),  fjlaS^  maktu^  \  (de- 
layed), imJj^y  mmohaf.  Suspended 
from  an  employment,  Jji>^  macsil/. 

Suspense,  OJ^  taraddud,  <^^  ajIw^AaA, 
(^Mi  «^^.     See  Hesitation,  Stop. 

Suspension  (hanging  up  or  by),  J;Jjij 
^a^ft^.  See  Suspense. — (interruption), 
^UaAil  w^f^d^  ;  (delay),  f^y  tawak- 
kuf.    Suspension  from  office,  Jj£  ^os/. 

Suspicion,  ^tJbj  f^aAm,  w^  i  royJ,  Ljj 
riifl/,    cii^    shak,    j^y    tawahkim, 


Suspicious  (having  suspicion), 

CJJ^  idhib  ihak,  ^ 

aM^  wahham* 
Suspiciously,  CjCA  |J^  Mb/  <U. 
Sustain,  ^.J^MKiMiMii.  ToSapp«lPr 

—(to  endure,  Buffer),^^«<^  mW,  ^-m 

tahamnudi  (to  maintain,  keep),  ^m? 

Sustainable  (possible  to  be  bone  r 
(J^CkJ^  jfu$iham*l ;  (possible  to  be  e 
dured),Ji^c^  jf%Mamal. 

Sustained  (borne  up),  Jy.m^  ««in 
J^Asr*  tnahmul.  See  Supported.—  -J 
dured),  J^cl«^  miciltofM/.  Sec  S: 
fered.  Experienced,  Borne. 

Sustainer,  «.    See  Supporter,  SuiSaK 

Sustaining,  i^or^.  j>v.>m  ^  «ttfm«l. 

Sustenance  (victuals,  necessaries),  c^ 
i^fl^.     See  Food,  Maintenance, 

Sutler,  «.^^CmxU  cCj  ^oy^ydc  Id  ^«^ 

Suture  (seam),  ^L^  iA»yd<«&;  .xriq 
up  of  wounds),  ^^;sr  ill^L^  iiifLi 

Swaddle,  v.  (a  child),  IoaS  kawuui.  J 
swaddling  band,  l^Ui  iuiid/,  j  J 
kunddk. 

Swallow,  V.  wL  ^o&i^.  To  swaDoir  c;  i 
the  sea,  a  whirlpool,  etc.),  «J:j1  ^» 
The  swallow,  jl:>-  A4i£(.   See  Iba 

Swallowed,  pJw«  ms^/«^.   ToU5n 

lowed,  ^JlJ  \  Mala^,  To  ba  swallctk 

up  (by  the  sea,  etc),  j^l  ibiis;^  >o 
la^aho  al  hahr. 

SwaUow,  f.«^U3fi;^  ihaita/(^\.i^'^ 
khatailf).  The  domestic  swalbw.^^M^i 
tuniknH,  The  rock  or  mountain  svallK 
Ipf^j  watw&t  (pi.  i^^Ur^  m^vi*' 

Swallowwort  (plant),   Jl«0<^LJ*;> 
^j4mJ\  11010^  iki&d<  didd 


SWE 


( 1019  ) 


SWE 


rBaapfB.ll^'^waUaL  See  Harsh,  Pen. 
rampy.  See  Marshy.  [^^  hqfa^. 
ran,  s.  i^ J^l  iirduf{j^l.  uJ j|^1  arddtf), 
faid  (surface  of  the  ground),  As»*j 
joJi\  wqfh  al  ard.  See  Grass,  Herb- 
ige.  [iamrd), 

rarthy,  Bwarth,^^^**^!  atmar  (fern.  \jA^ 
rarthiness,  j\y^  aatodd, 
rath,  i.  JbUac   ^tsdbat.      See  Band, 
)waddling-band,    Bandage,  Fillet. — 
Co  swathe, 


,as$ab.  See  Swaddle, 
ray  (rule,  dominion),  ^yL».  hukumat, 
rjji  kudrat,  j\*XzJ\  iktiddr.  See 
Power,  Influence.  Lfi^^^  hakam. 

'ay,  V,  (bias,  incline),  JL«  tndl;  (rule), 
'ear,  r.  a^J  iasam,  c»ftl.f»^  Aole;^.  To 
I  wear  by  God,  ^b  *aiJ  kanam  hiUah, 

To  swear  falsely,  jjijJV  uJ]l>-  Aoio^ 

tzcMr.  Then  the  Kine  summoned  the  Wezeer 
.nd  the  Princes  and  tne  Lords  of  the  Empire 
nd  the  great  men  of  the  kingdom,  and  made 
hem  swear  by  binding  oath  that  they  would 
lake  his  son   king   oyer  them   after  him, 

^  itL  <Uj1  yjUaC  ^^  tfrSjl' 

SAM 

■ 

earer,  9.  i^U-  hillif\  (blasphemer), 
^Jus^  mufaddtf. 

eat,  ^Jyi  ^oraife.  See  Perspiration. — 
'o  sweat,  Jj^  ^ek.  See  Perspire, 
'oil.  Labour. 

eep,  V,  ^/uo^  kanat.     And  he  passed 

r  the  door  of  a  merchant,  the  ground  hefore 
hich  was  swept  and  sprinkled,  and  there  the 

ir  was  temperate,  j5>-y  l^\j  ^X^j^ 

seper,  «.  ^^:.C^  mtiibnnM. 
»epings,  ^U^  kindaat.  See  Bubbish. 
iet,  jl^  hdHf  Jj  Jkl  /osto.     See  De- 


licious, Luscious,  Grateful,  Pleasing.— 

(mild,  gende),  f^jA^  Mlf.    See  Soft, 

Tender. 
Sweet  basil,  ^J<a^j  rihan.     See  Basil. 
Sweetheart,    jjAt,^    ma^«Aiiit    (fern. 

i^yJi*ju%  ma^hukah).     See  Lover, 

Mistress. 
Sweetmeats,  C^l[^L>-  huhoijf&t,  ^ys^ 

tna^n  (pL  ^^^^U^  ma^ciytn).     See 

Confection.    A  seller  of  sweetmeats, 

(JI^Lfr-  hahodni. 
Sweeten,  v.  _I^  holla* ;  (to  make  mild, 

to  soothe),  ^  na^^am,   ^  hyyan. 

See  Mitigate,  Alleviate,  Palliate, 
Soften,  Beconcile. — ^To  sweeten  or  grow 
sweeti  jL>- .Ltf  «dr  Aw/fi,  ^J^  ^A« 

Sweetened,  lJ^^^  ifiwAa/Zti'. 

Sweetish,  S^lUr  JjU  mdyUldhaldwah. 

Sweetly,  ir^^  J^  5iiJb/  haldwai.  Her 
words  sounded  sweetly  to  me ;  and  I  answered 
her,  0  my  mistress,  my  fate  has  hrou^ht  me 
to  put  an  end  to  my  grief  and  affliction, 

Sweetness,  i^i^  haldwaL     Sweetness 

of  temper,  ^^\  Sji>-  haldwat  aitah^. 

SweU,  V,  (grow  turgid),  i*jj  werem.   See 

Protuberate,  Ghrow.— Swell  with  pride, 
jSj  iakahhar;    (with  rage),    i^mnnr 

ffhsdeh.     To  swell  (cause  to  rise  or  in- 

••  *  • 

crease),  jbj^  warram,  ^  na/akh. 

Swell  or  swelling,  «.  j^j^  tcaram.     See 

Protuberance,  Tumour. 
Swelled,  ^Ujj  tcrarffidfi.    Swelled  with 

repletion,  ^Lfl-.^  mutaddyik. 
SweUing,  i^or^"  ^U^^'irarmJu. 
Swelter,  r.  (to  be  distressed  with  heat), 

Swept  (|iar^.  ^  sweep),  ^y^  m<iib»fl«. 


swo 


(  1020  ) 


SYM 


SwerVt,  f^.  (deviatOi  wander),  JU  doll. 
See  Stray,  Boye ;  Ply,  Bend. 

Swift;,  ^/^  <ari^.    See  Nimble,  Quick, 

Speedy,  Ready. — ^Trayelling  more  widely  than 
a  proTerb,  and   swifter  wan  the  moon  in 

changing,  ^  ^\^  Jl^\  ^^  j^J^ 

Swift,  t.  See  Swallow,  Martinet;  Carrent. 
Swiftly,  U^^  iori^n,  <djs^^Jc^  Jw 

bikol  tur^ttn  wa  ^'alah. 
Swiftness,  Zc^  iur^at,  JLLsf   ^afalat. 

See  Nimbleness,   Telocity,    Celerity, 

Bapidity,  Quickness. 
SwiU,  swig,  c^  ghabh.    See  Drink. 
Swiller.     See  Drinker,  Drunkard. 
Swim,  V.  .^U)  sebeh,  aU  ^dm.   See  Float, 

Glide.  — To  s  wim(a8  thehead),  ^tiddkh. 
Swimmer,  i.  .IIL)  sabhdh,  ^Li  tdhth, 

i*)^   ^aiffwdm.      A  bold  swimmer, 

jy**>'  9-V<*«*  sahhdhjasUr. 
Swimming,  <t»-LM>  sibdha.  A  swimming 

in  the  head,    ^CsSi-jJ  dawkhah.     See 

Yertigo,  Dizziness,  Giddiness. 
Swine,  ^Jiri-  khamlr  (pL^J^  *^ 

fuZsfr).    See  Hog,  Pig,  Sow. 
Swing,  «.  (rope  on  which  they  swing), 

ij\js^y^  jawjhdna,  i,^p^j^  marj%ha\ 

(the  motion  of  a  swing  or  anything 

similar),  *^j^  iamarfuh. 
Swing,  V.  (as  a  rope),  ^^  jatqfah, 

i^y  marjah.     See  "Whirl,   Wave, 

Brandish. 
Switch,  %.  k.;.^  had;(b.    See  Twig. 
Swoon, «.  ^^M*i  ghoihl,  ^l-ju*i  ghushydn. 

See  Painting. — ^To  swoon,  ^^^LighMhl, 

See  Faint. — And  when  she  had  heard  his 
words,  she  screamed  with  joy,  and  fell  down  in 
a  swoon ;  and  when  she  recovered,  she  ex- 
claimed, 0  my  Lord,  can  it  be  possihle  ?  ...  is 

ittrue? . .  .l::.^,^<U^  uiU'Ou^  Uii 


Swoop,  r.  (&11  as  a  hawk  on  his  pm , 
\jc  1^^  hawa*  ^M .   A  swoop,  jf 

hawi. 

Swop,  t^.     See  Change,  Ezdiange. 

Sword,  «.  ujl^  sayf  (pL  t-i^  «¥^r 
A  sharp  sword,  /tj\^ «— a*-j  wj/»'« 
The  point  of  a  sword,  ^jiil^  {jtiy^i 
iusayf.  The  edge  of  a  sword,  ^ 
<„.jLmJ1  had  auayf.  Armed  wii : 
sword,  J.J--I  J^U-  ^m»l  M^f.  - 
sword  ornamented  with  gems,  ^ 
j^ys^  sofifmt^'awhar,  ^-^  *-^*''!* 
muraua^.  To  smite  with  a  swr. 
uJ^b  <-->;^  <20ra^  Msofiif,  SeeE 
—To  fight  with  swords,  uJ-Jb  w- • 
iJdro^  M  sag/.  Shaped  like  a  srr. 
uJ^\  Ji^  ^V>-  AaJ  flfiw/  amif. 

Swordsman,  «.  (sword-bearer),  ^.^^ 
(— i^)  hdmiliagf. 

Sword-cutler,  t.  uJll«9  «iyya/. 

Sycophant,  jj^y^  ^airdi»l.  SeePo^ 
Platterer,  Informer. 

Syllable,  «.  U^  %a,  If^  hijv^ 

Syllabical,  t/^^  Ju^omH, 

Syllabus,  l^j^  fahratai.   See  Sunuar 

Syllogism,  ».  ^/-^  ibya*,  JJji«&-  - 
perfect  syllogism,  .^i«^  J::!-^  **" 
mAi A.  A  conditional  ayllx^gisn,  t** 
_Ly2«  kigds  sharil* 

Syiiogbtical,  ^^  ktyd^. 

SyUogistically,"^U!^^  ^'^h^ 

Sylvan,  ^j  harrl.  See  Woody,  Sbr 
Bustic. 

Symbol,  ».  iUlL  ^tftowa*,  if;U»'  «^'* 
And  trayerse  eyery  ravine,  «d  pte  * 
erery  flood,  and  seek  thy  paatorf  is  eT«c  ^ 
watered  meadow,  and  let  down  ihyba.*' ' 
every  springing  well,  and  never  be  r^sc^ 


SYN 


( 1021 ) 


BTS 


Bolicit  bouiij,  nor  suffer  thyself  to  be  disgiuted 
by  fati^e ;  for  it  was  written  on  the  staff  of 
our  chief  Sasan,  *'He  gains  who  be^,  and  he 
who  roTes  obtains."  Bat  beware  of  indolence, 
for  it  is  the  symbol  of  misfortone  and  the  garb 

of  thedeetitute)  ^ja^^*^  J^^^-r^J 

mbolical,  2r^LllI  Itlishdrah. 

'mbolically,  if\JLti\  cyj  hinaw^  al  ithd- 

rah,  \ytj  ramtan. 

mmetry,  i^Uaji!  ^j^"*^  ^<<^  annw&m, 

c^^^jJ^l  JUmsIa^   mundiobat   attartih. 

See  ProportioiL 

'mmetrical,  v..^.^i^l.i^  mundsib,  /»»X^ 

muhandam,  (J^^y*  muw&fik,      Q/dstif. 

mpathetical,   sympathetio,    ^^^jL>- 

mpathetically,  (Jr!-^^  ^^<^W  tX-j 
^«^  hikoljdMibufat  wa  fnayl  tahl^. 

mpathy,  ^j^*.^(J^  may/  ^f^I, 

9^  c\^  jd%%b%yah.  To  sympathize,  J^it^ 
K^Ki  wdfah  ha^ho,  [mat. 

xophony,  JujcJI  (J^^  ittifdh  al  nagh' 
mpbonioos.     Bee  Harmonious, 
mptom,   Ltlc   ^aldmah,   ^JJj   dalil, 
)fj\Jit\  uhdrah.    See  Sign,  Token, 
mptomatic,  ^JlJ<^  dallll, 
znptomatically,  CJ^^L&I^^J^Hjj  hi  da- 
dyiUin  tea  uhdrat. 

nagogae,  9.  *^^\  u**^  kanU  alydkud, 
nchronical,  synchronous  (happening  at 

iie  same  time),  «X>-lj  ^cTV  ^ji^ 
]ayvr  f\  umanin  lodhid. 

nclironism,  J^\j  ^^j  J  ^J^\  jUjI 

'itifdk  athhy  /I  namanin  wdhid. 


Syncope,  9.  iyLe.  yluuhwat.  See  Swoon. 

— (a  grammatical  figure  cutting  off 

part  of  a  word),  (^ J^^  Juaf,  j\<.tfirv.l 

ikhiudr. 
Syndic,  «.  (the  head,  agent,  or  censor  of  a 

public  body),  J«(^  wakil,  k^'^^S)  nalib. 

Syndicate,  v,  (pass  judgment),  Jlsrtj  Jup! 

a9dar  al  hukm.    See  Judge. 
Synod,   9.  Jifc^   mahfal,  Uifi  <<ffj4>fv 

jamJ^at  ^ulamd.     See  Assemble. — (a 

conjunction  of  the   planets),   ^\^^ 

iktirdH,    See  Conjunction. 
Synodical  (relating  to  or  done  in  a  synod), 

Ulf  lLx4jr  J^yM*^  mansHib  lajam^iyat 

^fdamd, 
Synodically  (by  authority  of  a  synod), 

UL1SI  ^U5M^  S>-  ^^;^^yiJ  hi  mHjih 

huhmjam^yat  al  ^ulamd. 
S3monymou8  (having  the  same  meaning), 

^J'jf^  ^3^  fard  ma^m^,  uJj]^  mw- 

tarddif.     Synonymous  words,  d^UK 

j^».lj  _:jt^  l^    kalimdt   lahd  ma^* 

wdhid,  ^V^l  iijSji^  iZji^  kalimdt 
mutrddi/at  al  ma^na\ 
Synopsis,  9.^0^^  mukhta9ar.  See  Com- 
pendium, Summary. 

Syntax,  ^.^1   ^Jl£  ^m  annaAfl,  Jx 

i*KI\  L^^JS  ^ikn  tarkah  al  kaldm. 

Syringe,  9,  JLiJic^  mahkanah.  To  syringe, 

fjA»-  hakan. 
System,  «.  ^^ylS  Adnfln,  m;  ra«m  (pi. 

Ayaj  rcMfim),    tfJccli   kd^dah,   i*UaJ 

n«sdm,  Jh^  ^oHl;.    See  Eule,  Canon, 
Method. 
Systematical,  vjy^  tonili»i,  ^Ui  ii« 
yd«T,  2(JlcIa!\  j;jt^  muwdfikalkd^idah, 

Systematically,  ^y^^^uwLAj  hikiyd9in 


TAN 


(1024) 


TAB 


Talent,  talents  (mental  ability,  &cnlty}, 

idrdk,  ^)aS'  ^akl. 
Talisman,  «.  A^At  tiUam  (pi.  aJU?  Udd- 

iim),  d^Uwlk  takamdt. 
Talismanio,  ^^yuAl?  taUwnl,  See  Magical. 

Talk,  9.  JXj  iakallam.  See  Speak,  Prattle, 

Chat,  Convene,  Belate. 
Talk,    aK  Astern.     See  Conyeisation, 

Speech,  Talkativeness. 
Talkative,  Jic^  m«^<iibii7tm,  J|y  ibv- 

trd/.  See  Loquacious, 
Talkativeness,  /Jiil\  l^hataratalialdm. 

See  Loquacity,  Prate. 
Talker,  %.  JjIj  itoyt?,  Ji^jl^  muiakaUim. 

Tall   (lofty),   JjjL   toiri^  (fern,  ^dj^ 

tawllah).    See  High,  Lofty. 
Tallow,  ^1^  «^Am.   See  Grease,  Fat. 

Talon,  s,  l^-Jlst^  makhlah.  See  Nail,  Claw. 
Tamarinds,  i^SiJb^  iamr  hindl. 
Tamarisk  (plant),  U^  ^f^9  Jjf  ail. 
Tambourin,  s.  See  Tabor. 
Tame,  ^^  wadl^  (pi.  IcJj  irtM^d^d), 
^^1:um.«  muitdnnis.   See  Qaiet,  Mild, 
Gentle;  aho  Spiritless. 
Tame,  r.  (^^«*-J^  ^U^^kc  ^aimi/a^  anf«,  aL«x 
^0^  ^amalaho  toadi^.     See  Subdue, 
Depress,  Conquer,  Crush. 
Tameable,  (jm  1x^)1  fjj\jhdbilalutind8. 
Tamely,  ^^\  jCj  hikol  ins, 
TamenesB,  ^jaJI  iim,  ^*^f^^  aSc  ^adam 
ipahshijfat.    See  Mildness,  Gentleness, 
Timidity. 
Tan,  t;.  LjJ  dabagh. 
Tangent, «.  (in  geometry),  {jiXA^mumat, 
Tangibility,  ^^^m^JJI  \J^^  imhdn  allams, 
TftDgible,  ^j»^A^\  ^jLk^  mumkin  allams. 
Tangle,  v.  ^^>/>-  hharda^.  See  Entangle, 
Entwine,  Embroil. 


Tank,  «.  \^y>-  hawd.  See  Pond,  Cicc, 

Basia,    Resoroir. — And  &<«  four  ssa 
meeting  together  in  a  great  task  Unecn 

marble  of  various  coloun,jlf  ]^dl.'i 
d^jki:  Xji^^.^  t^irf-^  ufj^i*; 

Tanned,  %^X«  mudabhagh,  9  MJO^Ar 
hUffh. 

Tanner,  t.  ilJj  dahhdgk  A  tasi^: 
house,  a  tan-house,  is\jd  ddUfk 

Tantamount,  J  jU^  mu^ddil,  See£q: 
valent. 

Tap,  V.  (touch  lightly,  strike  gttCj 
(jlJLI  fotoA.  See  Pat— To  t^  (f»  Q 
dropsy),  L^  fM^o^.  The  part  cf  :^ 
belly  where  they  tap,  c,.%5;^  ha' 
The  instrument  with  which  tlier  x 

Taper,  s.  (candle),  iJukJL  iham-^-  > 
Tapestry,  Ujuk^j  ejaji\  ^JitiJ  nM'^ 

awda  tea  samdthd. 
Tar, «.  J  C-sjlS  iar  foyyaZ,  ^^3?  ififi* 

Tar,  v.  ^^  kairan. 

Tarantula,  «.  LJ;  riUayld,  \ 

Tardily,  Jf^  J^  ^Oo/  mM,  Se€^ 

gishly.  Slowly.  , 

Tardiness,  JUli  tAmd/.    See  SloggM 

ness,  Slowness,  Delay. 
Tardy,  J-,1^  UtU,  iSjJ\  J^  m 

harakat.  See  Slow,  Sluggish,  DiUtJ 
Tare  (a  corn  weed),  ^^j  «l"w». 
Tariff, ».  (commercial  r^ulation),  ^i-^ 

CSyS^\  ia^rifat  cd  ptmnA. 
Tarnish,  v.  ^\  oifefta',  ^^^j^^ 

al  lawn.     See  Soil,  Sully. 
Tarnished,  ,^^  idH. 
Tart,  ^Ul  hdmid.   See  Add,  Sec:/ 

(sharp,  severe),  /^j\^  sdrni,  jU-  *• 
Tartar  (of  wine),  jj?^  iarUr. 


TAS 


(  1025  ) 


TEA 


rtar  (people),  j\:;j  tatdr. 
rtaric,  L^J^\j  idtdri. 
rtarean.     See  Inferaal,  Hellish, 
rtary,^^^  JL  hUdd  d  tatar. 
rtly  (sourly),  i^^ykasT^  hi  humUdat 
rtness,  i,Jy4»^  humudat.  See  Soumees. 
-(soarness  of  temper),  9^/^\  Jb  jl»- 
dddiyat  ail  mitdj. 

)k,  9.  i^^^^  nuulahat.  See  Labour, 
business. — A  task  or  le88on,(jMi  J  dan, 
ste,  V.  (to  distinguish  by  the  palate, 
0  eat  a  litUe),  j1  J  %dk;  (to  have  the 
aste,  relish,  or  smack  of),  «jJa«jl  isiakm. 
?o  taste  (feel  or  haye  the  perception 
f),  (^/M^^  has,  uIj^jI  adrak. 
3te  (the  act  of  tasting),  j^J  sawk; 
flavour),  if  j3  lauat,  »J^  tnauah,  l^jJb 
a^mat.  See  Eelish. — (the  sense  of 
asting),  iSjMi\  S^  kuwat  asadyikah; 
intellectual  perception),  Jif  ^akl, 
iJ!^ Ji  idrak,  ^  fahm.  And  he  de- 
xed  to  drink,  but  he  found  that  the  water 
ad  no  taste  in  his  mouth,  ^t  j\j\^ 

JUi  J  cut  *U1J  JkflsT  Jj  c-^ 

(ted,   ^\x^  munzdk;    (having  any 
eculiar  taste),  if  jl  4]  laho  lauai, 
iter,  8,  J^iJ  saytit,   ^\^J  sotrtrdib. 
^  taster  to  a  prince,  vJLiXiJI  Jl^^i  sd- 
ik  al  malik.  [cious. 

tefol  (savory),  Jj  jJ  ImU.  See  Deli- 
teless  (having  no  relish),  i!  jJ  lb  hild 
fssuit.  See  Insipid. — (having  no  power 
r  perceiving  taste),  IaAj  ily  ^U  mil- 
Ao  kUwat  tdyikatf  J^ J  )b  hild  %awk. 
telessness   (insipidity),    Z««jty\  aJlc 

tdam  atta^tnat;  (want  of  intellectual- 

diah),  ^j^\  |»J^  ^adamalhat;  (want 

*   power  of  perceiving  taste),   ^A^- 
}j^\  ^adam  0l  moMdk. 


Tatter,  I.  £u;  ni£^0^.      See  Bag To 

tatter  (tear  in  pieces),  k<^  iharmaL 

See  Bend,  Tear. 
Tattered,  ^S^  murakka^. 
Tavern,    «.    ^li^    mt^ASnaA,    2f;U^ 

khammdra.  A  tavern  keeper,  ^^arU^ 

mUAdn;lE,jU^  khammdr. 

Taught  (iMir^.  of  teach),  Jjo^  muta^- 

■> 
litn.    To  be  taught,  Jju  ta^aUam. 

Taunt,  V,  ^Jx  ulXs^  <i^^i&  ^oAv*,  j»2^ 

ihatam^  j^  ^ayyara.     See  Bidicule, 

Deride,  Gibe,  Revile,  Beproach,  Insult — Time 
consists  of  two  days ;  this  happy,  and  that 
oppressive :  and  life  of  two  parts ;  this  plea- 
sure, and  that  trouble.  Say  to  him  who  has 
taunted  us  on  account  of  the  vicissitudes  of 
the  time.  Does  fortune  persecute  any  but  the 

eminent  ?j4ks»-ljj  ^1  \^  ^J^y^^^ 

Tawdriness,  Ia\^  ^«Xe  ^^adam  tardfat. 

Tawdry,  4i\^\  ^j^  ^ailm  al  tardfat. 

Tax,  %,  »J<i  haj,  ^]yas:^  mahsul.    See 

Toll,  Tribute,  Custom.  A  capitation 
or  poll-tax,  ^  >-  jaiiyah. 

Tax,  9.  (.^ICji  (>•»>-  hammal  takdllf 

Taxation  (act  of  imposing  taxes),  ^  J 
cJJUcJl  fard  attakdhf. 

Taxes,  ^i^^  a^^j  rufiLm  ^fiyah^  JU 
i^ji^\  tndl  al  mfrf.     See  Bevenue. 

Tax-gatherer,  f>y^  muliazim. 

Tea,  1^^  ehdy. 

Teapot,  i^^^ijiji^  ihrik  al  ehdy. 

Teach,  v.  Jx.  ^allam.  See  Instruct,  In- 
form, Tell. — To  teach  good  manners, 
c^J^V  As,  ^llam  al  adah. 

Teachable,  teachableness.     See  Docile. 
Teacher,  9.  Jjt^  mu^allim,  ^jmjX^  mt«- 

darri9.     See  Preceptor,  Lecturer. 

66 


TEA 


(1Q26) 


TE3C 


Tear,  tean,  t.  JUi^  J  iCsm^oX  (pi.  ^^  «3 
iiimll^).  A  tear  just  startiDgy  Uj^ 
^barah  (pL  (^-^1;^^  ^aiord^).  To 
shed  tears,  lfiy9J  l:uJL»  9dlai  dumH- 

^aho,    ^^jJb  ^^  cuJi^J    narafai 

^wyttMAo  ^7  ifiMiw^.     See  Weep,  Crf. — I 

write  to  thee  with  my  tears  flowing,  and  the 
drops  from  my  eyes  ranninff  inoessantly ;  but 
I  am  not  despainng  of  the  faTonr  of  my  lord ; 
perhaps  some  day  our  anion  may  take  place, 


fUiar\  *>  ij,/i  c^  ^^•^^^  J-ii. 

Weep,  0  men ;  for  if  you  do  not  weep,  you 
will  Tie  with  each  other  in  weeping ;  for  those 
in  hell  weep  in  the  fire,  so  that  their  tears  fall 
like  grain  on  their  cheeks,  till  the  tears  stop 

and  blood  pours  instead,  (^U\  L^!  \j 

jU\  J*l  yli  ^/Ui  \/^  ^  J6  \/.\ 


Tear,  $,  (rent,  fissure),  ^j^  hkmk,  jJt» 

$kak. 
Tear,  v.  J^  thak,  jJ:S^  khatak.      To 

tear  (or  be  torn),    Jj^f  inJtJuuak, 

And  his  beloTed  came  to  pat  on  her  dress,  and 
found  it  not;  thereupon  jshe  cried  oat,  and 
slapped    her    face,    and    tore    her    clothes, 

Tearer,  «.  JjU.  khazik. 

Tease,  r.  (fret,  vex),^l>-  jaharj  JJ  JJ 
nasiMS.  See  Plague,  Importune,  Tor- 
ment.— To  tease  (cotton,  etc.),  -tf^ 
haiaj. 

Teased  (vexed),^W*  mujdhar. 

Teaser,  <.  (tormentor),  ^Isr*  mti/dj&iir. 
A  teaser  of  cottoUf  ^"i*-  hallaj. 

Teat,  9.  J)  i«i,  jj\  Juid^  Ai/ma/  «/  bin. 


See  Breast,  Nipple,  Psp,  Bog,  Tliai 
— To  suck  the  teftt^  w^  r«lr&. 

Technical,  ^y»i^  ^tZni. 

Tedious  (slow,   loDg,   drawling),    ^ 

J^^  MS  a  hardmt.      See  Tvs 

Prolix.  Uaiti  m  f«iii 

TedioQslj  (slowly),^^lJ^  ijU  J^  #■ 

Tediousness  (prolixity),  fAQ\  ^J^^* « 

trf/  0{  la/<am;  (aLowneas),  ^^ 

h<U^  al  handtai. 
Teem,  v.  (to  be  pregnant),  ci. 

lat.    See  Breed,  Bring  forth,  Prcdu 
Teeth  {pi  of  tooth),  ^\i^\  mhA. 
Teint,  ^^  ^at^ii.    See  Tint,  Cdoor. 
Telescope,  ^j^fc>  i«r^ii. 
Ten,  1^.  (utter),'  ^J^  kak^.  J'J  ti 


f^- 


J    takaUam,  j'*^    kkakb^r.    > 

Speak,  B>elate,  Inform. — (to  on&y 

count),  Juc  ^a<2(/.     To  tell  cr  te.  i 

(discover,  betray),  ^l:>-  kkdn,  ^ 
Blab.— And  when  they  saw  Sakh  ia  -i 
state,  they  said  to  him.  What  is  t&t :  ** 
He  there/ore  told  them  his  story.  And  r  *) 
his  mother  who  had  sent  them  to  his  asscc 


Teller, «.  JCsl^  mutakdUm.  See  Speata^ 

Belator. 
Temerity,  ^jdH  tahajfum^  ij 

^t  jJI  l«l  tMifft  tfimnilaMdL  See 
ness.  Imprudence,  Precipitancy. 

Temper,  v.  (mingle),  UlsU  iMit 
Mix,  Compound. — (tomoderate^ 
JjCA^  ca«»MiU^  mti^M!i};  (to 
mollify),  jjl!  fayyofi. 

Temper  (of  mind,  diapontion, 
tion),  ^J?  ^^,  4<iijjiVt  <«^i^«^ 
mMkrahy  ^y%  miM/otj.     To  brief 

constitution  to  a  proper  temper,  ^ 


TEM 


( 1027 ) 


TEN 


^\j^\  ^aidal  al  rnvOj, — ^An  exoellent 
;emper,  t— aJal  u,^^*L«  moihrab  kUlf. 
)f  an  exoeHent  temper,  good  tempered, 
_yul^  uJJJ  UUlfai  moihrab.  Tem- 
yer  (calmnees),  i^\jJ^  Aaidt/MU;  (mode- 

ation),  Jljcxl  i^id&L    Thus  I  was 

ike  one  who  has  put  oat  his  eyes  on  purpose, 
0  that  when  he  rues  in  the  morning  the  day 
hines  for  him  no  more ;  whereas,  if  I  had  re- 
ained  mastery  of  my  hand  and  temper,  the 
lisposal  of  my  fate  would  still  haye  oeen  at 

ay  choice,  \*Xa>c  dUjuc  ^Ix^  c;^;i^ 

nperament,  ^U^  fni%Sj,  wi?  tah^ 
jcJ?  tabUah.  See  Temper,  Constitit- 
ion.  Mixture. 

nperamental.     See  Constitutional, 
nperanoe,  temperateness  (in  eating, 
rinking,  etc.),  cJLuu«\  midk,  ^bj 
iyadat.    See  Abstinence, 
nperate  (moderate,  salutary,  not  ex- 
essive),  Jjoa**  tnu^tadii,  k>Tijr>^  mu- 
sfoassit ;  (not  passionate,  calm),  ,^jljb 
,h^l   hddl  al  mitdj.      Temperate 
reatber,  Jjcjc/tfyb  hawd  mu^tadtl. 
nperately  (moderately),  J'jcxi  ,J^ 
ikoli^ii&l\  (abstemiously),  J[c Li  J^ 
\kol  iand^t;    (without  violence  of 
assion),  i^^artj  Wd ghadah. 
aperature,  Jt  Jcjst  HtiddL  Tempera*- 
ire  of  weather,  \^\  Jt  Jict  utiddl 
f  hawd. 

ipered,  JjcuL#m«^^t7.  See  Mixed, 
ipest,  s.  ^j^j^  fortuna,  ^^J  Mt^- 
t^ah.  See  Storm,  Hurricane,  Wfairl- 
ind ;  also  Tumult,  Commotion, 
iplars,  or  the  order  of  the  Knights 
emplars,  ^^^  J^  odddwiyaK 
iple,  #.  (place  of  worship),  Jusi***^ 
asfeulf   Juiv«  ma^had.    A.  Christian 


temple,  itu)  hay^t,  jCjb  hayial.  See  ' 
Church,  Mosque,   Synagogue.  —  The 
Temple  of  Mecca,  ^Lk^I  al  ka^^h, 

/^\j^\  \*Xs^\   almasfad  al  hardm. 

The  temples  of  Mecca  and  Medina, 

^Sj^**^\  almasjaddn.  Temples,.  JuU^ 

wM^hid,  Jks»-L(b<«  mudjid.      [juddgh. 

Temples  (sides  of  the  forehead),  ^s^\ 

Temporal,  temporary  (measured  by  time, 
not  eternal),  i^j  tamanlf  ijf^*^ 
dunyaw%,  iJU  fdnl.    Temporal  goods, 

(^^J  Jt«  mdl  dunyai€%.  Temporal 
(belonging  to  the  temples  of  the  head), 
iljutfU  J^yM'*^  maruHb  lil  asddgh. 

Tempt,  r.  c»>^r^  raghghahy  ^-^  tamr- 
ma^,  ij^\  aghu>a\  ^^  faian.  See 
Seduce,  Entice,  Allure. 

Tempter,  s,  ^^\^  fdtin^  v/^  mughwl. 
See  Seducer. — The  Tempter,  ^^jll 
altPOBwdBf  ^Ua^  shaytdn.  See  Satan, 
Deyil. 

Tempted,  ^fJ^  maftum. 

Temptation,  \ys\  tghwd,  Smm^^rJ  iar- 
ghlb.  The  temptations  of  the  devil, 
i^y^^  waswasaty  {jM^y^  waswdi. 

Tempting  (alluring),  part.  i^j\>-jd%ib. 

Ten,  ijM^  ^hara.  Ten  thousand, 
uJ)1  ijtx.  ^harat  aldf.  The  ten 
commandments,  cl^*U1^  iJLtiS  al^ 
$harat  kalimdt.  [Acwil/  ^ahyhi. 

Tenable,  ^lIa  Jy»A^\  ^/^  yumkin  al 

Tenacious  (grasping,  holding  fast,  re- 
tentive), vJ.X*<L«  mdiik ;  (covetous, 
sparing),  ^j»i.ii**^  khasU,  Jj^^ifcAl/. 
See  Ptarsimonious,  Avarioiooa.— (oohe* 
sive),  tiC^.,M,j^jL^  mmfmmuik  f\. 
Tenacious  of  one's  religion,  Ja*.^ 
mutadayytn.  Tenacious  of  an  opinion, 
^OMid.  See  Stubborn,  t)piniativ<» 


TEN 


(1028) 


TEB 


3JU^U 


Tenant,  «.  (of  land),^;0»-\sM^  mtutdfir, 
i^^Ju*  muftaiMi.     A  military  tenant, 

Tenant,  r.^^\s«»t  utdjar. 
Tenantlees  (not  possessed), 

sndlaho  muktanh 
Tend,  'V.  (incline  toward  a  certain  point 

To  tend  upwards,  ye^  JU  mdl  nahn. 
Tendance.     See  Attendance,  Care. 
Tendency  (course  or  inclination  towards 

any  place  or  object),  J^  may  I,  fji^ 

mayaldn;  (drift),  j\j^  murdd,  JuoLf 

niakaad,  ^.^IVi^  matlah. 
Tender  (delicate,   gentle),  ^   layyin, 

j^\j  nd^,  ^H^  hahm,  ^J^j  raklk, 

i^Jotavi.  See  Soft,  Mild.— Tender  (as 
young  herbage),  }fj\j  tatah.  The  ten- 
der or  infant  age,  ^^I^m  wghir  as- 
Jtn,  ^^aI^  tuf&Uyat,     See  Infancy. 

Tender,  «.  (oflfer),  ^^o^  ^«rrf,  ^J^ 
takHm.    See  Proposal. 

Tender,  v.  ^j&  ^rad.  See  Offer,  Pro- 
pose, Exhibit 

Tendered,  \^^y^  ma^d,  j^ja^  mu- 
kaddam.    See  Proposed,  Offered. 

Tenderly,  v^  ISj  JG  itJto/rtXib^  ihiift. 


See  Softly,  Delicately,  Kindly. — And  she  used 
to  lore  me  ao  tenderly,  that  when  I  absented 
myself  from  her,  she  would  neither  eat  nor 
drink  till  she  saw  me  again  in  her  company, 


Tenderness,  Jjfj  rilkat,  ^:j>-  Aunntyn^ 
See  Softness,  Mildness,  Kindness. — 
Tenderness  of  age,  Llj!^  tufuliyat. 
Tenderness  of  heart,  k^AAM^j  rikkai 

Tendon,  #.   u,>%.<ifi  ^OMb  (pi.  c^Luil 


a^h).  The  tendon  of  AokilleBiCi^is.; 
^hah  (pi.  k-^l^  ^rdish). 

Tenet  (principle),  ^^1?  iarikaif  i^jm 
Ji  fikr.    See  Opinion. 

Tenor  (sense  contained),^^Aia/t  Mdaii, 
1*^^  ffki/Ailm,  ^<sjt^  «ia^.  Ss 
Meaning,  Signification. — (the  constc 
mode  or  course  of  anything),  J.,.* 
tarik,  ^y  Is  ^Mim,  ^jTjLif  «/»^.  Se 
Series,  Manner. — ^Of  one  tenor,  ^ 

• 

tX».\^  )aAJ  ^la*  wsmai  wdkid.  I  h^ 
received  your  letter  and  hare  tite 
note  of  its  tenor,  f^.y^  \J^ 
Kiy^^A^  ^^L.oj^^  icasHni  wuiiM» 
wafahmt  madmUnako. 
Tense  (in  grammar),  ^ju^p  a^kstj  ^i-« 


tamdn.  The  present  tense,  Jls'  -a** 
BlghatdhdL  The  preterite  tense,  ^ 
^U!t  tUghat  al  mddl.  The  6rc 
tense,  J^A'^aH  iwm^  Hykai  o/im^' 
3t7,  f^JcjMA^\  ^^j  sutmdm  d  mmtM 

Tent, «.  ^.4^  hhaymat  (pi.  ^  li^^ 
aU:L  khiydm. 

Tenth,  ^  U  ^d#Air.  A  tenth  part.  - 
cImAt  (pl.jl*Lcl  a^fAor).    See  15* 

Tenthly,  I^U  ^d«Afir<»i. 

Tenuity,  llj  rikkat.    See  Thinnoi 

Tenuous,  ^J^j  rakii.    See  Tbin. 

Tennre.     See  Term,  Terms,  Conditix 

Tepid,  y  li  fdtir.    See  Lukewann. 

Terebinthine  (consisting  of  w  mixed  r; 
turpentine),  ^JLa:.««^  <«rvMinA.  j> 

Tergiversation,  Jlju<#^d7«f,  ^y^» 
hdwalak,  SeePickleaesSyEnsiooJni^ 

Term,  •.  (name),  ij\^  ^ihdrai,  ^<^ 
Mldh,  ^\  ism,  it^  bdM,  ^ 
hfiat  (pi.  l^Ull  alfi%),  S«  V«i 
Language.  —  (condition,  stipoUtii 


TEB 


(1029) 


TES 


)ff^  ihart;  (a  limited  space  of  time), 
i*x^  nmddat,  il^  nuMU.  Term;  (in 
trade),  iscj  wa^dai.  Terme  (con- 
ditioDs),.  ^^jJa  ikurikt.  Law  terms  or 
phrases,  1|£a1!  cr^U-lLk^i  uiildkat  al 
fukahd.  Astrological  terms,  ULx\»^^i^\ 
l»2^ult  iittldhat  al  munqjfim, 
arm,  v,  ^^4^  samma. 

srminate,  f;.  (bound),  jI^  Ao^MoJ;  (to 
e<mclude),*4Jto«m9UMn;  (tabe  bounded), 

i^^tXs^U  9dr  fnahdud;    (to*  have  an 

end),  aUJjL^  $dr  tamdm^ 

»rminated  (bounded),  J^Jisr^  nuiMud; 

(concluded),    aUj     tamam,    9y^oS^ 

maktu^.     See  Finished. 

^rmination  (bound,  limit),  S»-    hidd 

(pi.  Jj«X».  hudud) ;  (conclusion),  ^UJU>- 

khdtimah. 

armless  (boundless),  Jk>.  lb  hikt  hadd. 

irrace,  #.  (flat  roof),  caLa  mJ^;  (before 

a  house),  ^^^  saih. 

^rraqueous,  c^/a^^ l<^J^ ^^ toahahri. 

^rrene,  terrestrial,  ^j\  •reft,  tc^]/ 

turdhl.    See  Eartblj. 

trrible,  terrific,  t^^as^inakh^f,,L^ybj^ 

narhuhf  J^^  muhawwil,  ^•^•j^  mu- 

hib.     A  terrible  accident,  ^bli^ijulj 

\eaki^  h&yUah, 

nibleness,  J^  hawL 

rribly,  J^^^yj  hinaw^  muhiil, 

rrifj,  V.  uJ^  kkawwaf,  c-*^  ''^t^* 
$ee  Frighten. 

rrified,  s-'^j^  mar^h    He  spoke  to 

ae  not,  for  be  wai  frightened  at  me  and 
errified;  but  he  came  to  the  slaughtered 
leaBt,  and  tamed  it  over,  and  found  nothing 


C^  l^  4X3C  Ji  l|^^  X:sU  jJl  {j\^ 

rritory,  CJ^  tnulk,  ^U»-U  nahiyat 


(pi.  t^^y  naw&hl\  ^j\  ard.    See 

Gouidjy,  District,  Land* 
Terror,  Jys  ^fir/,  uJ^  JEiAou/,  i^j 

ra^bai,   Ghneat  terror,  J^  Jy^  ^t^^ 

miiAu^  See  Fear,  Apprehension,  Dread. — 
And  I  forgot  all  that  1  had  suffered  from 
fatigue,  and  aheenoe  from  my  natiye  ooantrr 
ana  difficulty,  and  the  terrors  of  traTel.  I 
occupied  myself  with  delights  and  pleasures, 
and  delicious  meats  and  exquisite  drmks,  and 

continued  in  this  state,  kj:^^^*^^)  jJj 


i}\J\ 


irjj^ 


^^  Jj;  (Ji 


MUUte 


at 


Tertian  ague,  «.  ^^^^3  ^^««^  AMmma' 
dawrieh.     See  Fever. 

Terse.     See  Smooth,  Neat. 

Test  (trial),  J^^\  imtihdn,Cj^  vm- 
hiA,  jLe  ^ydr.  To  bring  to  the  test, 
^j^^\  imtahan,  jikC>  ^yair.  To  be 
brought  to  the  test,  to  stand  the  test, 
^jsf"  tafarroB, 

Testaceous,  ^  J^  Mtdafl. 

Testament,  s.  ^u^  wMyat  (pi.  Ll^j  fcr«- 
«£j^d).  To  make  a  testament,  ^}ax, 
^^^  ^mndl  fooilyat,  ^^^  traMtf'.  The 
Old  Testament,  irt^yJl  at  towrah.  The 
Kew  Testament,  uJjyLSt  Jf^sf^^  ^ 
injil  oihiharlf.  [waalyat. 

Testamentary,  Z^^\  fjoasT  ytMm  al 

Testator,  $,  y^^y  mvlwan^. 

Testatrix,  t.  ^^y  fniuwauiyai. 

Testicle,  s^  <<j*dfw  khoBtyahf  JJa^  baydah* 

Teetioles,  ^^^  hhart.    The  testicles  of 

the  oast<v  (casterenm),  c^J^  A^ 

^£C))t  hhoiiyai  ialb  alhahr. 
Testification.     See  Testimony. 
Testificator.     See  Testifier. 
Testified,  ^  J^fuL«  flUM^Afli  &tX*, 

mtuajjal,  ^;:.^«^  mtMoSM.  See  Proved. 


THA 


(1080) 


THE 


Testifier,  JJbU  •kdhid.  Bee  Witnefls. 
Testify,  v.  J^  ^hed.    Bee  Prove. 
Testimonial,  iolfSi  ihahddat 
Testimony,  ifjl^^  shahdM.    See  Proof. 
T^te-a-tete,  ^^l  ,j«-y  ^  ^^  *Fr'r'  "*^ 

wdjahat  mm  arrds  Ul  r(U. 
Tetrabhordi  s.  (an  instrument  with  four 

strings,  as  a  Inte,  ete.)»  ^U^  fy 

Text, «.  ^^  main,  J-o\  «/.    An  exposi- 
tion of  a  text,  j:a^\  ^^  Bharh  aimalM. 
Texture,  ^U^  hiy&hah. 
Than,  ^^^^  ifwin.    He  is  taller  than  me, 
1^  Jjtl  yb  Atl  o^u^o/  minnl. 

Thank,  »./-:i  «Aa*or-   And  Taj-el-mulnk 

thanked  her,  and  ordered  his  slaye  to  give  her 
a  thoiuand  pieces  of  gold,  read  the  letter,  and 

wept  violenay,^^^  CS^\  ^  \a/-2J 

Thanks,^  <WEr,  i«J*J^  ul^  shahran 
anni^tnat.  To  return  thanks  after  meat, 
4dJl^  *Aaitflr  flflaA.  To  give  thanks 
to  God,^^l^  4X4^^  ^  (%i5  *a<Wa«» 

t7/aA  al  hamd  waUhukr.  And  her  brother 
said,  0  King  of  the  present  age,  thou  hadst  a 
prior  olaim  upon  us,  and  it  is  our  dutvto 
render  thanks  to  thee,  for  thou  hast  treated  ns 
with   tiie   utmost  lundness,   and  we   hare 

eaten  of  thy  bread  and  siit,  \ibj>\  JUi 

ji  j>.  LJx  C^  ^1  ^Upi  iKUU 
CJj^^  iJ/^|j  Lil^'j.    If  I  fell  to 

render  thee  doe  thanks,  tell  me  for  whom  I 
have  prepared  my  verse  and  prose ;  thou  hast 
overloaded  me  with  ansolioited  favours,  be- 
stowed without  excuse,  nor  delay  on  thy  part, 


ThankM,^  Mkir,  (^b^  **^ 

Thankfully, /^j  f^  J^  WWiwfa 
Thankfidnesfl,  ^/-^  9kabr&n, 
Thankless,  JU«J^  y^  isjir  Mm^ 

J^\  jL^  mmMr  al  jamU,    fe 

XjQgratefhL 
Thanklessneae,  iuwJ^  J^ji^  *«5^  «^ 

Mt^mo^.    See  Ingtatitade. 
Thanksgiving, #.iwJ\^  ^.J.^  <d*« 

«Mlr  anni^nmt.  [«*«^- 

Thank- worthy,/^\  <-r"2>"\j  K^a/fl  «i- 

Thatjjwwi.  (dcm.)>  cJU  aa*  C^^m.  ilC 
^ttt),  (rekt.),  v/aS^  tfflflrt-  See  «ir 
Who,  Which,  Because.— That  wh^ 
U  md.  For  that  reason,  \jJh  Jp-J  •• 
ajlhaaa.  So  that,  ^\  ^yj  « 
Because  that,  Jl  It  tfww,  a^S  A* 
Ci3i  J:rn»a;7«rfa.  Aflerthaltis^ 
LsJ^\  «^J  Jao  ^  »m  *a^i«^ 
alu>akt.  At  that  time,  dfloJ^t** 

that  time.  c>ij5^  cJU  J\  as'iii* 
«^ai^.  See  Until,  TilL— Until  tlie  tie: 
that,  ^jT  ^^  »fe*  a».  On  that  aoesc'. 
ijJ^J  ^ys^'i  U  ajl  fuOik.  Thatisto*- 
(vix.  to  wit),  JSM  ytf^Hl,  J^^  *:' 
In  order  that,  U-S3  Ukaymd,  '^  IH^ 

Thatch,  (jii  to*. 

The,  J\<rf.   TheKttrai»,^^|/)Uiwi» 

Theatre,  «.  ^/L?  UdtnL. 

Thee,  C/ak.    To  thee,  vlfl  WL    ^ 
thou  oDnress  a  friend  who  has  nftrer  Vec 


JJx^Jb 


1  ji^U  J\yJ\  J-5  ^^ 


unmindful  of  thee,  and  givs  him  iip»  -"• 
desiring  him?  May  I  forfeit  Ofi  ss*«&*-" 
(of  my  God)  if  in  love  I  have  dtt»Ted&* 
and  be  punished  by  abandonment  it  i  ^^ 
not  been  sincere  to  thee.  I  have  ^>«**  f^  * 
of  no  fault  to  deserve  seviresad  hae'^^: 
duot:  or  if  I  have  ofiFonded,  I  regrrt  it«- 
come  repentant  Thine  ab«idofflncitf«S'== 
a  wonderful  misfortune;  butfaW  »*  ^^ 
causing  some  new  and  vnetpsw  v^^'^ 


THE 


(  1081  ) 


THE 


;:jM«li 


And  I  have  eondncted  bim  to  thee,  and  bronglit 
him  in  thy  presence,  that  thon  ma^est  test  the 
solidity  or  his  pretensioBa,  and  decide  between 

us  as  Gk)d  shall  diieet  thee,  ^  oi  Oij 

heft,  ijij^  sirkat, 

heir,  ^  A«m  (fern.  ^  Am). 

hem,  AJb  hum  (fern.  ^  Atirna).    Were 

it  said  to  me,  while  the  flame  is  burning 
within  me,  and  the  fire  blaxine  in  my  heart 
and  bowels,  Wooldst  thon  rather  that  thou 
ahooldst  behold  them,  or  a  draoght  of  pure 

water?  I  would  answer,  Them !  JJ^ 

^  kjlM  'lil  Jij  ^^  hj^  (•!  ♦^  jjbUj 
heme,  $,  9y^y  fnawda^ 
hemselveB,  m^uJo  nafiukum  (fern.  ^J^^uiJ 
nafsuhiwM), 

ben  (at  that  time),  (.1$3  J  Jc^  ^ind  %a- 
Itk;  (after  that),  clJ3ijuuia^Jsa/a. 
See    Afterwards. — (for   this  or  that 
reason),  d^  ji  Unaltk.    See  Therefore, 
hence  (from  that  place),    c)\^b  ^ 
tnin  hundk ;  (firom  that  time),  cJ^J  ^ 
ur^ijll   mm  saA  al  wM;  (for  that 
reason),  ul^  J  J>£^ll  iV  1^7  so/i^. 
henceforth,    thenceforward,   ^\   ^ 
\*Xs\^^  min  al  an  woid^idan, 
[leologian,  theologisti  t,  vJy^^  fXi^  mu- 
^aUim  Idhan, 
beological,  fjytH  IdkM. 


Theologically,  CJy^UI  Jl^  ^.^.m^jo-  Aom^ 

Theology,  iJUybSU!  Jie  ^t/m  al  teAa^. 

Theoretic,  theoretical,  ^iJ  ibyd«f . 

Theory,  v//^  A^  (^  nasori,  o^^ 

iby^d«.    Bee  Speculation. 
Theorist,  {jm\^  t-^^'wUg  «dAt}  i(«^d«. 
There,  c3Ljb  Atmdifc,  (Ji3Ljb  Aimd/t%; 

(lo !)  liyb  huaad.  See  Behold.— There 

is  no  one  in  our  city  acquainted  with  soienoe 
or  writing,  but  only  with  getting   money, 

*  ^** 

Thereabout,  thereabouts  (near  that  place), 
L.^^  iarih ;  (near  that  quantity, 
number  or  state),  \:^^rsr  iakhmlnan, 
i,^^  ilarf  5,  w^  iahrihan. 

Thereafter,  Juu  U  (J  /I  md  5a^(?,  ^ 
l^  Jmj  min  5a^i  md,  2fJuo  la%,daho. 

Thereat,  cJliib  hunak. 

Thereby,  cJUj^  ^  mtii  hundk. 

Therefore,  \j^  lihatd,  J^)  It  ajl,  ^ 
i^\  min  ajl,  t  JJ^  Jj»*)  A*  aflhatd. 

Therefrom,  \ijb  ^  min  hand,  ul^  J  ^ 

min  zalik.  See  Thence. — I  repented  as  Cos^ai- 
yah  repented  in  the  morning,  when  I  found 
that  Nawara  was  finally  dlTorced  from  me. 
She  was  once  my  paradise ;  but  I  had  eiduded 
myself  therefrom,  as  Adam  was  excluded  when 

the  Evil  One  drove  him  out,  c::-^w«Ju 


X 


Therein,  1  JJb  J  /i  hasd,  cJ'^  J  A  ^k. 

Thereof,  \jJb  ^  min  hand.  Then  be  sent 

guards  and  spies  after  bim,  through  the  sea 
and  in  other  directions,  but  they  met  with  no 
tidings  of  him ;  wherefore  they  returned,  and 

informed  the  King  thereof,  d^^  ij\  Ji 


THI 


(  1032 ) 


THI 


Thereupon  I  aroie,  and  unwound  my  turl>an 
from  my  head,  and  folded  it  and  twisted  it  so 
that  it  became  like  a  rope;  and  I  girded 
myself  with  it,  binding  it  tightly  round  my 
waist,  and  tied  myself  by  it  to  one  of  the  feet  of 


that  bird,  and  made  the  knot  fast, 

jljl  Ji^  c:^^U  ^  WJj  ^]j 

Thereto,  thereunto,  tlflo  ^\  da'  talik. 
Thereunder,  C^J  v:>»ac?  tdht  talih. 
Therewith,  clfli  ^  fM^  talik. 
Therewithal  (with  that),  ui3  J  j^  mac. 

fo/tib;  (at  the  same  time,  also),  cl^«3^ 

hualik.     See  Likewise. 
These,  S^b  Aau^id.    To  these,  Syb  ^Jl  »V 

Aat(72d.    From  all  these,  S^  ^j;^  min 

hawld. 
Thesis,  «.  9j^y  tnawda^. 

They,  ^A  ^im  (fem.  ^  hin).     And  as 

to  thy  saying,  I  have  become  separated  from 
my  mother  and  my  family  and  my  brother — 
inform  me  in  what  place  they  are,  and  I 
will  send  to  them  and  bring  them  to  thee! 

t0  M  'B 

Thick  (dense,  gross),  IxAi  ^Aflft«.  See 
Coarse. — (large,  not  slender),  *--ug^ 
ja$%m,j^  kabir;  (muddy,  feculent). 


\9ys^  tnakhhut.   See  Opaque,  Turbid. 


— (coagulated,congealed),  4X«^^U  fnun- 
jamid.  Thick  (frequent,  repeated), 
J^  mukarrir,  j^  iaslr ;  (crowding, 

crowded  into  narrow  compa8s),^^iia^\*« 

munhiuirf  9y^^  majmU^. 
Thick   (quick,  repeatedly,  frequently), 

\j^  koBiran, 


Thicken,  r.  (make  dense  or  gross),  lJ^ 
Mmmai,  la-li  Aa£>  ^mntMo  ghk^ 
(to  condense),  jJU-  jdmmad;  (tole- 
come  condensed),  Sa^j^i/m. 

Thicket,  «.  <— >U  yAa  5,  Is  Ic  ^*ak<. 

Thickness  (densityjcoareeness,  grossBs 

^)U  ^haldsat;  (largeness  of  dicsz^ 
f(Mrence),  A^hr.  ^ouiiRtf^. 

Thief,  #.  J;Li  «an*,  lX*1/^  **^**' 

Thimble,  s.  ^J^sJiS  huhiihan. 

Thin  (as  paper,  etc.),  ^j  raW,  j^?; 
ri^^;  (small,  fine,  delicate),  jJ-i 
lailf;  {lesD),^Ls^nahl/;  (not  thkk 
liquid),  JjL  «ayi7,  c-^\ J  wjril;  [w^: 
numerous),  JJi  ibaftiL 

Thin,  ».  (make  thin),  J^lr^.e*^ 

roiHii; ;  (to  make  liquid),  t-^  J  i«n** 

(to  make  less  numerous),  Jl5  W2i. 

Thine,  C/  «*  (fom.^d/  *•>  Ab  to  tfer 
saying  that  thou  art  poor,  there  is  no  oeac 
for  such  an  assertion ;  for  all  my  kingds  a 

my  goods  and  possessions  are  thine .  <* 

Thing,  «.  ^  «Ay.    Things,  Ult*- 
Think,  V.  /iil  ifiaiar,  JJu  UJSm 

Jby  tawahham,  ^Ja  vmn^jyiH  ^ 

war.    See  Consider,  Meditate,  Reasoa,  Js? 
Conclude,  Imagine,  Fancy,  Beliere. 

Thinker,  »,^^>2A^  mufiaku'. 

Thinking,  pari.JzJi^  muftaHr. 

Thinly,  iJj  J^  InM  rikU. 
Thinness,  i3j  rikkai,  iiWiwAfl/^  ^- 

Slendemess.  [third,  *jJj  ^ 

Third,    «jJ\J   taUi,   *2Jl}  idlM.   A 
Thirdly,'lilU  $dK$an. 
Thirst,  ^Jj}^  lOtasK   To  tbiwt  «r  ^- 

thirsty,  (jtJax:  ^^M,  i:;^^;'^*' 

Thirstiness,  (j2^  e»^«*.   SeeThis^ 


THO 


( 1033  ) 


THO 


irety,  ^/uL'lfi  ^dtish,  ^lu*kc  ^Uhdn, 

JJl£  ghalll  She  bad  eyes  as  though 
hey  were  bordered  with  colljriam,  and  heavy 
dps,  and  slender  waist ;  she  was  such  as  wonld 
ure  the  malady  of  the  sick,  and  extingnish 

he  fire  of  the  thirsty,  J^uJ^Li  ^^ 

irteen,  y^e  IjU  saldsat  ^har. 
irteenth^yuf  lIJU  b&Us  ^ashar. 
irty,  ^j^  takuln. 
irtieth,  ^yij  saldsHn. 
IB,  \dJb  hazd  (fern,  xijb  hau).    This 
ay,  A^\  \iJb  luM  al  yawm.     This 
light,  JJl  Vsibhna  al  hyl.  This  world, 
JUS\  f  JJb  htmd  al  ^lam. 
istle,  «.  i^ajb\  CJyii  skawh  dl  jamah 
ither,   thitherward,    cJliA  Jl   iTa' 
undh.  [jliyM^  muihunk. 

9m,  9.  i^yii  ihawhst.  Bearing  thorns, 

^my,  {l^yjj^  mushawwih 

Drough,  JLia^^y  5f  trd^tto^.SeeThrough. 

-(complete),  aKaj  tamdm,  J^l^^dmt7. 

iee   Perfect. — A  thoroughfare,  j^j^ 

turHr.    See  Passage,  Pass. 

3roughfare,  «.  Jii^  »wii/a2.  Whcre- 
pon,  I  began  to  attire  myself  in  clothes  of 
le  handsomest  description,  and  to  feed  npon 
le  most  delicious  meats.  Now  God  made  me 
>  be  a  hater  of  women.  One  day  I  was 
alking  through  the  streets  of  Bagdad,  when 
party  of  them  stopped  my  way :  1  therefore 
ed  from  them,  and  entering  a  bye-street 
hich  was  not  a  thoroughfare,  I  reclined 
pen  a  mastabah  at  its  niriher  extremity, 

>roi]ghly,  i%Uslb  Mtamdm,  lUo  id- 
ilan.    See  Completely,  Perfectly. 
iBCf  CSii)\  uldyik.    Of  those,   ^ 


CJoi^\  tnin  tddffik.    And  in  the  midst 

(of  the  hall)  was  a  great  fountain  of  alabaster, 
over  which  was  a  tent  of  brocade ;  and  in  those 
chambers  were  different  places,  and  in  each  of 
those  places  fountains  and  tanks  decorated  * 
and  lined  with  marble ;  and  channels  of  water 
flowed  along  the  floors  of  those  chambers, 

W^^^^'  cT*  bi^  ^?****^  ^-^  sb 


Thou,  fj:^\  ant  (fem.  i^l  anti).  0 
thou  who  seekest  to  beguile,  thou  hast  fallen 
in  thy  base  intention.  Taste,  then,  the  pain 
of  shameful  calamity,  and  be  with  other  woives 

cut  off!  CU«K5^*ijU  J^t  (y«*'«^^  ^\  ^ 

Though,  although,  ^\  j^^  tt^tfw^aw.  See 
Keyertheless,  Notwithstanding . — As 
though,  jj*l^  kaan,  U^  ^wd,  Uh^ 

^^mtsUmdyakHn,   Andhesaid,  We 

most  demand  her  in  marriage  of  her  father, 
though  I  should  give  away  all  my  kingdom. 
And  ne  has  asserted,  that  if  he  marry  her 
not  he  will  die  of  love  and  passion  for  her, 

W  ^jjj^.  fS  u' -"  V^-»  sA*  t?^ 

U]^j  \sJLz  ^J  <^^^  •  -^d  ^P<>^ 
her  forehead  were  two  jewels  the  light  of  which 
was  like  that  of  the  sun,  and  she  seemed  as 
though  she  were  lookine  at  the  people, 
and  obsenring  them  to  the  right  and  left, 

^\:j  ^\  *^li  l|3l^  ^j  Jl^\ 

J  MM 

Thought  ( paH,  o/think),  ^y*^  mamUn. 

Thought,  J3  fihr.  See  Reflection,  Con- 
templation, Meditation,  Conception,  Opinion, 
Judgment,  Suspicion,  Sentiment,  Imagination, 
Fancy ;  aho  Intention,  Purpose,  Design,  Care, 
Solicitude,  Attention,  Concern,  Conjecture, 

Thoughts,  jlOt  afkdr^  ^y^  tunun. 
Thoughtful,  ^jz^  tnuta/akkir,  J^'l:;^ 

mutaammil.  See  Contemplative ;  alio  Careful, 
Attentive.  Amicus,  Solicitous. 


THB 


(1034) 


THB 


ThougbtftiUy,  J^'Uj^  J^  hTcdjUBrin 

wa  taammul, 
ThoQghtfiilneBB,  JJo   ta/akkur,   J^'tf 

iaamfmii.     See  Thought,  Anxiety. 
Thoughtless,  JiU^Ao/!/.  SeeCarelesSyGay 
Thoughtlessly,^^  ^^  minghayrfkrf 

J^'l?^^  ^  mtfi  ghaijfr  taanuntd^ 
ThoughUessness,^^^  /^J^  ^udamcifkr^ 

Thousand,  «.  u-ill  alf  (pi.  uJjl^  ulnf), 
uJSl  aldf.  A.  thousand  years,  L^  i^\ 
olfMnai.  Ten  thousand,  i^Vi  ijJLe. 
^harai  ddf,  A  thousand  thousands, 
i^\Ui\<dfalf.    SeeMiUion.    {jdf. 

Thousandth,  uJlUt  ^^^^^  wahidmm  al 

Thrall,  thraldom.  See  Slavery,  Servitude. 

Thrash,  v.  c-^  darab.   See  Beat. 

Threshed  (beat),  l^^j^a^  madruK 

Thread,  $.  IcuaL  ih^t  (pi.  ^Itu:^  »I- 
^dn).  A  cotton  thread,  Jji  kp-  iAay^ 
f  Aos/.    To  spin  thread,  Jji  ^Ama/. 

Thread,  v.  (pearls,  beads,  etc.),  *<i  danim. 
To  thread  a  needle,  Xjji\  m^  damm  al 
ihrah. 

Threat,  t.  Jj«Xff  ^aAili  (pi.  CL'^JjJ^ 
tahdidat),  wAJykr  ^Au^i/. 

Threaten,!;.  JJ  0^  ^  J^  ^omalJaAo  toA(^e?, 

J^y  tawa^^ady  JJ^  tahaddad.     See 

Terrify. — And  he  sent  to  threaten  him,  saying 
to  him»  by  the  messenger,  Thy  mind  has 
suggested  to  thee  desires.  Dost  thou  threaten 
me  with  Tiolent  words }  Either  come  thou  to 

me,  or  I  will  go  to  thee,  2r  J  J^  J-»;|^ 

Threatener,  •. JJ^fL^  rmtahaddidj  uJji^ 

mukhawwif.  [mukhawtpaf. 

Threatened,    JJ^   muhaddad,    uJ^^s^ 

Threatening,  |»ar^.  J^Xf^^  mutahaddid, 


i^   mukhamwif,    A  thRtioai 

answer,  J^o^  ^^^  /««*  <«^ 
Threatening  letter,  J^jJ^  L^fL^wir 

Miahdid. 

Threateningly,  JJ*VfJ\  Asp-y  hUujjk  «• 

Three,   ^  «rfa«a&.     Threefold,  il 
uJljuvl  «a2a#a<  ^^-     ThreoecR 


c^s^^ 


tUdn.     Three  hundred, 


ijU^aZa^maya^  Three  fhoosaoiwl 
ilji\  ialdUa  old/.    In  threes,  ^'Li^l: 
taldtahialakih.  Belative  to  three,  Jl^ 
sakM. 
Threshold,  f .  Ls^  ^atdhitL 
Thrice,  j\j^\  U)b  to^fi/M  Mfdr. 
Thrift,  thrifline8s(gain,profit,8dmte»: 

ThriU,  t;.    See  Drill,  Pierce,  Bore. 

Thriver,  «.  or  thriving.    See  Prog«rj 

Throat, «.  ^jU-  Aott ;  {or  fauces),  •ji^ 
Ao/JfciZfft.  See  Neck. — ^Tocutthetb* 
^0  saiaA.  See  Kill.— A  cut-thr* 
j\\>' joisiar.    See  Cat-throat 

Throe  (pain  of  child-bearing),  J^ 
tnakhdd. 

Throne,  ».  Cil-J^ji^  ta^riii» 
^jS.  car«A;  (chair),  ^^^htm-  i^ 

they  ceased  not  to  prooecSl  until  tber  cs' 
at  the  vestibide  of  Ihe  palace ;  saa  bt » 
riding :  then  he  alighted  from  he  bos^  - 
his  father  and  the  princes  carried  biai6£*>^ 
bosoms  and  arms,  and  seatipd  him  w^^  ' 
throne  of  the  kingdom,  while  his  fetbe » 

the  princes  stood   before  him,  ** 

Through  (from  side  to  side,  or  cs^  '• 
end),  ^V^  uJjo ^  mmUmfl^' 
(by  means  of),  ^^  win,  i^^  ^ 


THE 


( 1035 ) 


TIC 


sitat  To  pass  throngli,  [j^j*^  ^ahar 
min,  j^  mmrr.    Through  me,   ^^j»^ 

minnl^  ^^kc  ^ann\.     And  when  the 

daughter  of  the  King  heard  these  words  from 
the  old  woman,  her  reason  fled,  through 
joj;  but  she  withheld  herself  from  speaking, 
thAt  she  might  see  the  result  of  her  a£Eair! 

1 


hronghont,  ^Jl  ^1  JJil  ^^  mm  «/ 

atotoal  %U*  §1  akhir. 

hroWf  V.  ^jb  tarah,  ^j  rama\    See 

Shoot,  Dart,  Fling,  Hurl,  Cast.— To 
throw  stones,  j\^\  ^jyi  darab  ahj&r. 
To  throw  away,  uJ«X>-  Kadaf,  See 
Reject. — ^To  throw  down,  ^^j  rama^  \ 

(overtnm),  c^^^li  ibZo^.  See  Subvert, 
Demolish,0  verthro  w. — To  throw  one's- 
eelf  into  danger,  JLs^l    J  Jl^-  ^j 

rama*  hdlahe  f\  aX  khatar.  To  throw 
out  (leave  behind,  distance),  \j^  ii^ 
khalldh  ward.  See  Outstrip,  Surpass. 
— To  throw  into  prison,  ^yu^\j  wJ|^ 
wada^  hUhahi,  See  Imprison. — ^To 
throw  off  clothes,  ^IJ  ^^  kJuUa^ 
siydhaho.  To  throw  lots,  ^Lc^  ^^j 
rama*  kur^h.  See  Lot. 
drow,  s,  ^^j  rami,  ^Jb  tarh,  I  found 
this  paper  thrown  down  in  the  house,  and  I 
took  it,  J  ^j^  i^j^\  HSJb  CDJ^^ 

\^ S^\i  j\ji\ .    And  she  took  an  apple 

and  threw  it  upon  him,  so  he  raised  his  head, 
and  beheld  the  daughter  of  the  Wezeer  at  the 

window,  <Ux  If^j^  ^12?  CIJJ^I  J 
CJC^JI  4jij^\  Lj\  fj\ji  ^\j  jjy 
irower,  #.  ^^\j  rdml, 
irowing(theactof),^j^nimI;  {part.), 


Thrown,  ^j^  mormf,  ^^^j^  muriaml. 

Thrust,  V.  ^v>  dafa^  See  Push,  Drive, 
Shove,  Force. — To  thrust  with  a  sword, 
u^g^J  \i  -.  j>-jarah  htuayf.    To  thrust 

oneself  in,  Los  Jfw J  dakhal  gluuhan. 
Thrust,  9.  f^ys^  hufntn.     See  Push. — A 

thrust  with  a  sword,  <— a^<^Jb  ^ye^ 

hujfim  hiuayf. 
Thump,  «.  hji  darlat     See  Blow. 
Thump,  V.  ^j^  dardb;  (with  the  fist), 

jss:*  nahar,  a^  lakam. 
Thunder,  J^j  rm^  (pi.  J^  ru^^d), 

A  thunder-bolt,  thunder-stone,  ^^L^ 

sd^ikah.     See  Lightning. — The  noise 

of  thunder,  ixs^^  ja^ja^ah.  Thunder- 

ml 

struck  (confounded),^^;^  hayyar. 
Thunder,  v.  Ss^j  ra^ad. 
Thursday,  ^j»*^j^\  a^  yawm  ail  khamU, 

Thus,  \'diJb  haka%d,  \^  kazd.    Thus  and. 

thus,  \i^j  \^  kaxd  wa  ka%d,  c::-^ 

<^^j^^  kayt  tea  kayt. 
Thy,  cJ  ok  (fern.  ^  kl).    Thy  book, 

ilSj  \i^  kiidhak.  Or  that  thy  repentance 
will  arail  thee  when  th^  feet  will  fail  thee  ? 
Or  that  thy  companions  will  concern  themselves 
for  thee  in  the  oay  when  thy  doom  will  sum- 
mon thee?  \j\  l1X«jJ  vIXx  ^J^^\ 

Thyself,  CXmJj  iki/«ail. 
Tiara,  #.  ^U  tdj.    See  Crown. 

Tick  (score,  debt),  ^  J  dl^yn.  To  go  tick, 

^jk^\  utakrad.     See  Get  into  debt. 
Tick,  ».  (louse  which  infests  sheep  and 

other  animals),  iJ\y  karddat  (pi.  J^yl 

kird^. 
Ticket,  «.  ^j^  foaraka,  LAe.  ^aldmat. 
Tickle,  V.  ijii J  dagkdagh. 
Ticklish    (sensible   to  tickling,    easily 

tickled),  9«xiJCJ  yutadaykdayh ;  (tot- 


TIH 


( 1036  ) 


TIM 


tering,  unfixed), j]^  ^U  m&laho  hu^dr. 
See  Inoonstant,  .CapridoaB;  Whim- 
Bioal;  Hazardons.  [staney. 

Tioklishness.     See  Uncertainty,  Incon- 

Tide  (of  tiie  sea),  1^  madd.  The  flux 
and  reflux  of  the  tide,  jjs**^  J^^  madd 
wa  jawr.  ,  Ebh  tide,  j  J^  jaar*  Flood 
tide,  1«  f9UM2i.  See  Ebb,  Flow  ;  Time, 
Season,  Flood,  Stream,  Coarse. 

Tidy,  tidily,  tidiness.  SeeNeat,Neatly,etc. 

Tidings,^^  khabar  (pi.  jUi^^  aJMar), 
ijUj  hi  shdrat.  See  News. — Joyful 
tidings,^LuJ  haahdyir. 

Tie,  V.  iXAc  ^akad,  kuj  rahat.  See  Bind. 

Tie»  s,  (knot),  ndAc  ^kdat;  (bond, 
obligation),  Jfc  ^hd. 

Tier,  ^Uj?  iahakah,  v»i«0  ^q/*,  ^UaJ  msam. 
See  Bow,  Bange,  Bank. 

Tiger,  «.  jAj  nimr. 

Tigress,  9.  XjAj  nimraK 

Tile,  i,  Ju/t^  kartnld;  (covered  with 
tiles),   «X^iSb    uJjS^^   ma«j(ti/  M 

Tile,  9.  Ju^^l^  t— Q.5.J  sakafhil  kartnld. 

Till,  nntil,  Jl  i7»',  ^i:i.  Aafte',  \j\  ^J^ 

hatU^  fS(3 ;  (till  when  ?),  ^  A\  M 

mata\   Till  this  time,  till  now,  ^1  ^\ 

ila*  al  an,  ^\  VsSb  ^\  tla*  hazd  al  an. 

Till  this  day,  \3jb  UL«jj  ^\  M  yaw- 

mind  hand.  Till  the  end  of  time,  ^\ 
^t«jJl^^t  ila^  akhir  auamdn. 

Till,  V.   ^  fdaih,  ClJj>'  haras.     See 

Plough,  Caltivate. 
Tillable.     See  Arable. 
Tillage,  le\jj  tird^at,  is^^ls  faldhai. 
Tiller,  9.  ^j\j  zdri^,   ^U  fdlih.     See 

Ploughman. 
Tilter,  9*  jj\^  mubdrh.  See  Combatant. 
Timber,  i^^lL:^.  khashah.   See  Wood.— 


Atimber-merdhant,<-^l^rL  Ua«U«i. 
Timber  or  wood  for  firing,  i^ia> 
hatab.     See  Firewood. 
Timbrel,  9.  JJ?  tabl     See  Tabor. 

Time,  vj:-^j  waki  (pi.  CL^li^f  «irldf. 

Time  present,  j^\^\  i^:^^  tcwb  t 
hddir.  Timepast,^^L*!^  ^t«J 

al  mddl,  4JNJ^^  ic>^J  ^^^'^^ 
(in  former  times),  ILL*  9ahQm.   Sef 
Formerly.  —  Time     fatare,     ^L«; 
f^^JkiM»Ji^wlM^nalmu9taJcM.  Hsire? 
time,  ^*4J^  ^^^^3  waJU  al  mdiwft 
See  Haryest. — ^In  good  time,  ^^^y 
^jiS\  J<^^^^  hH  wakt  ufoT  mmos  t 
Idtim.    See  Seasonably. — ^From  tis; 
to  time,  at  times,  d^lS^^  u^-  ^^' 
awkdi.    See  Sometimes. — ^At  no  tk* 
Li  kati.     See  Fever. — In  time  dit 
cessity,  ^Wt  L^^y  SttMi^  alh^ 
In  the  evening  time,    Ima^I!  o;» 
Uwakt  al  ma9d,    A  long  time,  ^,'«« 
^^  zamdn  ta%pil,    A  short  time,  ^.'•« 
^«.dj  sdmdA  jb«ir.    At  all  times,  j> 
AbUl  moefy  0^  ayydifi.    See  Alwap--* 

In  the  time  of  peace,  J^\  ^\  j;' 
taman  a99ulh.  In  the  time  of  mr ' 
battle,  i^jJ\  c:.Jy  hiwoH  d  Ar. 
The  revolutions  of  time,  ^^^p'  ^^1^ 
dawardn  auamdn.  In  the  time  £ 
Solomon,  ,^UJu-»  /•M  ^  /I  ijiyc* 
&2efyfn5».     In  the  time  of  the  pro^ 

of  God,  <d]\  J^-a;  J14C      Jl^  ^'  j<« 

nuil/  a^^A.  Life  time,  y^£^  ^tmr •  1^"^ 
stricted  to  any  fixed  time,  ^^:^y^  "' 
wakkat.  An  appointed  time,  1^  1^^* 
toakt  mukarrar.  A  convenieat  tise 
4^^mA.  See  Opportunity.— Tie 
(leisure),  i^ji  funak.     And  1  H 


TIP 


(1037) 


TIT 


afident  that  this  atate  of  things  would 
ntinue  and  profit  me.  and  I  ceased  not  to 
e  in  this  manner  for  a  length  of  time, 

lely  (seasonable)  u^^^b^t  i:L^^\j 
I  ioaht  al  mvndiib^  ^y  hiwaitihi, 
le-serving  {aUo  a  time'Server),  ^\ 
'^^\  ibn  al  toakt.  See  Servile, 
lid,  Timorous,  uJuU^  Jfhayif,  ^^^^Uyu« 
ttstahif  c^^  h&yib,  ^U^  jahdn. 
ee  Pearfal,Prigbtened,Fa8illaiiimons. 
lidity,  timoroasness,  uJ^    khawf, 

[^  khqfal,  L»-  hayd,  ^UJb  hayhah, 

se  Fear,  Cowardice. — Bat  always  advance 
>ldly  even  to  meet  a  lion,  for  the  ooldness  of 
le  heart  gives  speech  to  the  tongue,  and 
(leases  from  the  restraints  of  false  reserve, 
id  thereby  rank  may  be  gained,  and  wealth 
scared;  whereas  timidity  is  akin  to  sloth, 
nd  a  cause  of  inefficiency,  and  occasions 
elay  in  action  and  the  failure  of  hopes ;  and 
)  this  effect  are  the  words  of  the  proverb : 
The  hold  will  prosper,  but  the  timid  fail," 

^li  *  ^U>il<  Jlc^^  Y'^  IV  llOoy 

nidly,  timoronsly,  ^y^,  h%  khavofin^ 
»*\^  AdM  hi^adam jaraat. 
n,ji*i^  kasdlr,         [(^^^C:^  «m^tfrf. 
mnan  (one  who  tins  pots  and  kettles), 
nature,  tinct,  i\^  aahdyh. 


nature,  tinge,  v.  ^^  sdbagh. 
ngle,  tinkle,  tink,  v,  ^Jb  ion. 
nt,  ^^  lawn.    See  Tinct,  Tincture, 
ny,  JJi  kahl.    See  Small.        [Top. 
p,  «.  (point,  extremity),  ^^\  awj.    See 

pple,  V.  «— ^  shereh.    See  Drink. — 
Tipple,  (^]y^  shar&h.  SeeDrink,  Wine. 


Tippler,  c--^^  tharrlh.   See  Drunkard. 
Tipstaff,  i,  (officer  of  a  court),  yiiAS^ 

muhdir,  /pj^  ehdtptuh. 
Tipsy,  i^l^C*  sakrdn.    See  Drunk. 
Tiptoe,  I* Jilt  ^\j  r&9  al  Jsadam.     To 

walk  on  tiptoe,  <U^l.*l  U**3J  l5^  is^ 

meshl  ^la*  rtt«  asdhi^i. 
Tire,  «.  (rank,  ^w),  i^^  saf. 
Tire,  v.  (weary  out),  ^.-oul  at^.  See 

Patigue,  Weary ;  also  To  attire.  Dress. 

— (to  become  fatigued),  c«^  U^h. 
Tired,  ^^I-jw  ta^dn. 
Tiredness,  u,,>^ii.7  ta^.    See  Fatigue. 
Tiresome   (fatiguing),    Uy  ^^f.^  mn^^ti^. 

See  Tedious. 
Tiresomeness.     See  Tediousness. 
Tirewoman,  «.  ^dxlL*  mdahia. 

Tissue  (gold  or  silver  stuff),  ^Usr^  ^Iqfa. 
Tit,  «.  (small  horse),  ^^JL^  (^^«^^  Atisdw 

Titbit,  «.  (jmjUj  naf&y\$.    See  Delicacy. 
Tithe,  *.  ^uuc  ^tMAr  (pi.  jKJLA  a-^ihdr). 

Legal  tithes,  ^L^£^\  j\Lzi\  al  a^ihdr 

al  »hare,iyah. 
Tithe-gatherer,  «.  jluLf  ^ashshdr. 

Titillate,  v.  ^J^  J  dagMagh.   See  Tickle. 

Titillation,  4i£«Xc J  daghdaghah. 

Title,  «.  L-^  /a*  (pi.  lJ^\  alkdh), 
cJ-p^  «^<m/  (pL  uJU^I  «tt7»(i/).  The 
title  or  title-page  of  a  book,  ^^y^ 
^anwdn.  See  Name,  Appellation. — 
(a  claim  of  right),  j;»-  hak» 

Title,  f^.  v-^  foib». 

Titter,  t^.  JLO^  takahkak,  ^^a^  vl^sr' 
^A«A  hikahkahah.     See  Laugh. 

Tittle,  «.  idaAJ  miA^aA.      See  Particle. 

Titde- tattle,  |«K11  i^  kasarat  al  kaldm, 

CfU  ^ildk.   See  Tattle,  Prattle. 
Tittle-tatde,  r.  cJOj:  ^aJ^A.    See  Prate. 


TOO 


(1088) 


TOL 


Titular  (nominal),  ^j^  Idkabi. 
To,  J  U  or  J  la,  ^\  %la\  Bee  Toward, 
Till.  Tome,  ^J  ft.  Tothee,cLi3W 
(fem.  Cli3  likC).  To  him  ar  her,  ^ 
laho  (fem.  l^  Uhd),  *-l^  t/%W.  To  us, 
U  /«wJ.  To  you,  J3  ?a*w»  (fem.  ^ 
/tifcin).  To  them,  ^  Mum  (fem.  ^ 
KAirt).  Tohimflel£,iUii  ^J^  fV  na/sthi, 
ij\  tlayhi.  To  that,  uiJj  J\  iV 
sa/a,  ^  laho.  \4  l*hd.  To  this,  \^ 
lihata,  *J^  /tAflw.  In  order*  to,  ^ 
half,  U-^  ifeflymfi,  ^  lika^f,  Ji  Jfl 
/t%afi.  To  (as  fer  as),  ^1  ila\  To 
(until),  ^\  da*.  To  the  end  of  time, 
j^UjJl  i-T  ^^  •2a'  tf^Air  asaumdn. 
To-day,  /•^^  o^atpw.  See  Day. — 
To-night,  aLll\  aUaylaL  See  Night. 
— To-morrow,  USj  hukrd.  See  Morrow. 

Toad,  «.  j^»J\  &  iXii  (2a/(2a^  a««am. 

Toad-stool,  «.  U^  ibmS.    See  Pongas. 

Toast,  9.  J-^  yii  ibintiiar  kht^%»  See 
Itoast.— To  toast thehealth of  amistress 
or  friend,  2y*J  c-^  «A^tf ^  hmrrihu 

Toast, ».  (toasted  bread),y!aUj-i^  *Ai»fas 
mukammar;  (a  health  to  a  mistress  or 
friend),  ^  «trr. 

Toasted,  ^^•i««  mukammar. 

Toaster,  y^JU  mtt^mmtr. 

Tobacco,  ^jlx>-0  i?wifeA5n.  The  smoke  of 
tobacco,  ^1^*3  dtdchdn.     A  tobacco- 

Tobacconist,  j^U- J  ^  layya^dukhkhan. 

Together  (in  company,  in  theisame  place 
or  time),  ^f•J^r  yawl^«»;  (without 
intermission),  (^My  )b  &i7s  tawakkuf, 
JUjbl  lb  &t7d  t'Amd/.  See  Intermission. 
— Agreeing  together,  m^m)  ^^h  \^\y 
Umj  ^aioa/aibi  ma^  ha^ihim  ha^dan. 


Together  with,  ^  ma^.  They  fw» 
up  to  the  age  of  wTeateea  yww,  dm  i 
each  other's  company,  eating  and  drin^ 
together,  and  neTer  aepaxmted  oae  fremaiisttB. 

Toil,  jJl)  ^^yi-3  wtl  iofty*,  S^j^ 
Lc  ^»iitf .   See  Labour.— To  toil,  J^ 

Toils,  <iCi.  «^a&i;&a.    See  Snare,  M 

Toilsome,  v_  -'^-^  mut^tb, 

Toilsomeness,  ^^nl  ta^ab. 

Token,  #.  ihll^  wiidr**,  i^JU  ^dda^- 

See  Sign,  Mark.— A  token  or  memoni: 

of  friendship,  jl^  Jc^^  M<«iar.  0  bt 
brotiier  andfriend,  reoeiTe  these  load*  andiWR" 
them  as  a  present  from  me  and  as  •  tok^ » 
my  loje  for  thee,  and  repair  to  thy  eoisr 

with    peace   and   happiness,   ^i 

Jl  ^y^  i^^j  ii^^  J-1  > 

Told,    ,Lk^  wuWff',  ^>;i^^  »»e^ 
Tolerable,  J-c.ff^  miukUmaL 
Tolerableness,  JUi»-^  ihiimol. 

Tolerably,  JUis-3^  J^^^tT^  *"^:' 

ibd&i?  a/  ihtimdl. 
Tolerance  (patient  Buffering),  ^  ••^ 

JjL^  takammul.    See  Patience. 
Tolerate,  r.  (permit),  ^  iomA,  j^ 

h\\9A  a^ta*  ijwsah.    See  Suffer. 
Tolerated,Jilp-yayn5,  J-«cls^  ««W»* 
Toleration     (permission,     oonninnce, 

gj\pA  ijdtah,  J^^  tahammvl. 
Toll,  Jyas^  mahsiU,  ^li  Jaj.  S«T» 

—Toll  paid  for  guarding  the  rM& 

jk^  kha/ar.     Toll  paid  Ibrpwffl5» 

river,  jj-Jl  -.U  Jq;  oi^nJilr. 


TON 


( 1039  ) 


TOP 


>mb,  s,j»i  hairy  hy  iurhai,  ijJ^  mat' 
barat. — See  Sepalehre. — ^A  tomb-stone, 

yij^    marttad.     See  Monument. — 0 

tomb,  0  tomb,  hare  his  cbaxms  perished ;  and 
lias  that  brilliant  changed  ?  0  tomb,  thon  art 
leither  a  garden  nor  a  firmament ;  how  then 
2au  the  fall  moon  and  the  sun  be  united  in  thee } 


»mb,  v.j^  kabar.   See  Entomb,  Bury, 
Inter.    Tombless^^L  htl&  kahr. 
ime,  «.  jLbt*  muJaUad.   See  Volume, 
imtit,  8.  ^LIt^I  alkartab&n,  j^  ^y} 
jjua  naw^  tayr  ioghlr. 

tne,  8.  iukj  naghmdkf  J^l  ttfd/,  ^li^ 
PM^si^m.  Prom  tone  to  tone  {aUo  in 
single  tones),  ^liU  ^\  ^U.«  ^  mm 

makdm  M  fMtkdm,   Speaking  or  sing- 
l- 
ing in  a  sweet  tone  of  yoice,  ^j^sr^ 

talhln.    See  Sound,  Note. 

ings,  f^jrr^  JcMatUny  ^U^  kammd- 

tha.     See  Fortseps. 

>ngae,   a.    (organ   of  speech),    ^UJ 

lisdn  (pi.  iCwJ!  aUtnah).     See   Lan- 

s^uage,  Speech. — The  mother  tongue, 

lii   hghat     Tongue-tied  (having  an 

mpediment  in  speech),  ^UJI  J^m« 

na^fjid  al  ludn.     The  tongue  of  a 

valance,  ^|p^^  (^^  l*8dn  dl  mlzdn, 

\nd  said,  0  my  son,  ask  not  what  she  did 
^ben  I  told  her  the  case,  for  she  said,  If  thon 
lold  not  thy  tongue,  0  ill-omened  old  woman, 

[mil  treat  thee  as  thou  de8ervest,ti:;JUi 
DguelesBi  ^U  ^U  mdJaho  Usdn. 


Tonsure,  LtJ^j  rtuhnaty  (jmU^Jlj^ 
hUdkat  8hamind8. 

Too,  ^U^  kamdn,  LajJ  aydan.  See  Like- 
wise, Also. — Too  much,  Jjl j  adyid. 

Tool,  8.  iS\  alat  (pi.  izJi\  alat).  See 
Instrument ;  Yenal,  Hireling. 

Tooth,  8,  ^  8xim,  A  canine  tooth, 
<«^l3  n&h.  Canme  teeth,  (^\j\  any  ah. 
A  back  tooth,  \ji*j»a  dir8  (pi.  {jM\jtc\ 
adra8).  With  tooth  and  nail  (with 
one's  utmost  force),  /♦Uublj  a1jj\  J^ 
htkol  ikddm  wa  ihtimdm. 

Tooth-ache, «.  ^jL->il  ^^j  i€aja^ala8ndn. 

Tooth-drawer,  8.  ^LuSl  cHi  kaUd^  al 

a8ndn,  [dented.  Serrated. 

Toothed,  ^L^t  ^  laho  a8ndn.     See  In- 
Toothless,  ^\i^\  <(]U  mdlaho  a8ndn. 
Tooth-picker,  8.  ^^liJIl  ^ICs:^  iiit^^d«A 
(d  a8Hdn.     To  pick  or  clean  the  teeth* 
with  a  tooth-picker,  ^L*.*t  ^jJi^-  ha* 
huh  a8ndfk$ho. 
Top,  a.  yjSj  rd8,  i^i  kimmat,  i^jj  sor- 
wat    See  Pinnacle,  Head. — The  top 
or  crown  of  the  head,  (jmIJI  a\  umm 

arrd8.  The  top  of  a  mountain,  j-.|i 
J*Jl  rd8  al  jabal  (pi.  JUJl  ^^y,^^ 
rii«  aljibal).    Topmost,  ^\  a^la\ 

Topaz,  8.  (a  gem),  O^^J  »aharjad,j\)^jb 
topd»yjLa\  tZJy  Ij  ydi^u^  a8/ar. 

Topical,  j1J\  ^Lj  j^^^flflcr  yakhm  haydn 
alhUdd.  See  Local. — (peculiar),  ^U- 
khd8,  ^y»n  ^  makh8il8.  Topical 
remedies,  c:^bfc>;i  fardiydt. 

Topic  (subject),  ^j^y  mawdn^. 

Topographer,  SU\  ^  ^J^  ihdrth  ^an 

al  hildd. 
Topography,  SU\  loAukr  takkM  id  hOdd. 
Topsy-turvy,  ^.^jLA^li  bil  nwhaklah. 

To  throw  topsy-turvy,  ^^a^  8haklab, 


TOB 


(1040) 


TOW 


Torcb,  JitMb^  nuuh^al  (pi.  JfiUi^ 
ihd^),  *>U^^  miih^, 

Torch-bearer,    -js****^  moih^alfl. 

Torment,   c-^ltLc   ^a»dh.      See  Pain, 

AnguiBh,  Misery,  Tortare. 
Torment,  v,  i^sc  ^asxab.     See  Pain, 

Harass,  Fersecate,  Tease,  Torture. 
Tormented,    c,j«3ut,^   mu^tiub.      See 

Tortured. — To  be  t(Nrmented,  l^Jju 

tacauah.  [Torturer. 

Tormenter,   t.  l^jSm.^  mu^uib.     See 
Tom  (in  pieces),  JhuJA^  mtM^oiU^i^. 
Torpedo  (fisb),  if  jlcj  ra^^dat. 
Torpid,  (jLm^  huldn,  J^  ianhal.    See 

Sluggish,  Stupid,  Numb. 
Torpidaess,  torpitude,  torpor,  d^^l^iXc 

Torrent,  «.  J^  «<iy/  (pi.  J^^  ««yflQ. 

Torrid,  J  »«^  muhrik  (fern.  ^ -»^  mtiA- 
riibA),  ^l>-  har,  ij\;S^^  *i^^  •haUd 
al  hardrat     The  torrid  zone,  ^Liw^Il 

^^pS^I    al   manUkat   al  muhrikai, 
i(j[^\  ^ftlai^l  al  mantakat  al  hdrrah. 
Torsion  (twisting,  wreathing),^^  da/ar, 
Mj{  haram.  [uAv-iL>  saldhif. 

Tortoise,  «.  jJl^  sulhifah.     Tortoises, 
Torture  (torments  judicially  inflicted  to 

extort  confession),  c-^Ijlc  ^at&h,  hAs- 

lukubat.  See  Torment,  Panishment. — He 
was  black  and  tall,  and  he  was  crying  out, 
Let  my  Lord  be  praised,  who  has  appointed 
me  this  severe  affliction  and  painfiil  torture 

until  the  day  of  resurrection,  J^\  ^^ 
^  ^  ^J  U^-^*^  S^^W^  Jd> 

Torture,  v.  l-;j^  ^audb.  See  Back. — 
To  extort  a  confession  by  torture,  iJ 
<— >1*xJIj  karrar  hil  ^ax&h      [mented. 

Tortured,  l^jjl^  mu^amb.     See  Tor-  . 


Torturer, 

cutioner,  Tormentor. 
Toss,  9.  (throw),  _^  raat^,  ^Je  UnL 

Toss,  «.  ^^ J  rami.     See  Throw. 

Tossed,  tost,  ^^y  mrnrml,    SeeThioviL 

Total,  J^  kol,  |%UJ  tatndm,  ^^^a^-jmu 

See  Whole,  Complete,  Full. — ^The  total 
totality,  tl^k^jumlat,  LJJ  loC^ 

Totally,  ''UUJ  tamdman,  lJSl\j  hi  hbl- 
Uyat,  Has^  jumlaian,  ^Ajkje\}  hS 
jumlah,  AajpSiS/I  alpanUk.% 

Totter,  r.  jj^  toBobal,  ^^y  tmnjrm. 

Tottering,  pari,  ^  ^^^  muimropry. 

Touch,  V.  ^jmjJ^  lama$. 

Touch  (contact),  \j*t^  lawu. 
The  touch  (sense  or  feeling),  ^U^l!^  i  J 
ktiwat  aUdmiiah.  Soft  to  the  toad 
(as  clothes,  plumage,  etc.),  ^U  md-Ju. 

Touched,  ^j^yif^A^^  mamOU^  ^j^iyj^ 

malmm. 
Touchable.     See  Tangible. 
Touchiness.     See  Peevisbnesa. 
Touchy.     See  Irascible,  Peevish. 
Touching  (in  respect  of),  ^LuJ  nubiiA 

AMmuW}  bH  niabai. 
Touchstone,  <.  CS^s^  muhttk. 
Touchwood,  f^\i^  HLfdn,  ^li  kdv. 
Tough  (not  brittle),  juS^^^^  flmf 

munka8%r\  (stiff,  not  limber),  JiU  ^ 

ghayr-tdhU;  (difficult  to  be  chewed. 

C^-sjH  Idjfun^alik;  (viscous,elamiDT , 

fjjj  debek.    See  Glutinous. 
Tour,  9.  j^J  dawr,  9j^*^  dawra;  {tut\ 

jj  J  dawr,  [Flax,  Em% 

Tow,  ^^  kutidn,  v.^  kmnib.    Sas 
Toward,    towards,    i^Jtii   liUraf,  c^ 

nahU.     fie  went  towards  him,  Ji*^ 

if^^U  hu  rah  linahwihi.     Toward  tk* 

garden,  ^l:jyJI  uJ^  Utarafd hm- 


TEA. 


(  1041  ) 


TEA 


&n.    Towards  the  city,  ^X«ll^^ 

anahu  al  madlnai,    S\  %la\    And  she 

:u8ed  the  fi^nnd  before  him,  therenpon  the 
ejB^  raised  his  head  towards  her  and  said, 
V'oe  to  thee !  Wherefore  hast  thoa  remained 


iway  until  thia  hour  ?   ^^^^  c: 

4  Jl3^  IfJl  ^5;  ^\  tV  *i^  ^^ 

ward,  towardnesB,  etc.     See  Dooile. 
wely  i^jSJLi  hashklr. 
wer,  <•  ^y  hufy.  The  tower  at  chees, 
L  J  ruih.     The  highest  pinnade  of  a 
ower,di^  iharfat  (pLd^li^  Bharf&t). 
\!he  Tower  of  Babel,  JjU  -^   ^r/ 

o^iV.  Many  of  the  peoples  of  the  East  deny 
tie  Teracity  of  the  whole  narratiTe  of  the  Bible 
onceming  thebnilding  of  this  Tower  by  Noah*s 
osterity,  upon  which  God  miraculoosly  con- 
bunded  their  lang:uage,  and  thns  dispersed 
tiem  into  different  nations.  These  same 
copies  of  the  East  assert,  on  old  traditions, 
tiat  the  Tower  of  Babel  was  nothing  but  an 
Lstronomical  Obsenratory  built  by  the  Babylo- 
ians.     And  in  fact  the  word  babd  does  not 

ome  from  JJj  halbal,  to  cause  confu- 

Lon,  as  it  is  alleged,  but  from  im^\j  hdh, 

door,  and  Jj  Bel,  the  same  as  Baal 
le  Sun-God,  and  it  means  the  gate  of  the  God 

iel,  as  we  say  now  ^\  c^b  hdh  aUah, 
le  gate  of  God,  or  the  city  of  God.  If  words 
re  the  representative  sigds  of  ideas,  the 
mealogy  of  the  one  becomes  that  of  the 
;hcr,  and  a  good  etymolo^cal  dictionary 
ould  be  the  most  penect  history  of  human 
iderstanding. 

raring  (lofty),  ^JU  ^d/f. 

rn,  «.  Ax}X«  madinaL  jL  halad,  ijL 
\ldat.  See  City,  Metropolis,  Capital. 
-To  storm  a  town,  jJj  ^^^  mjb^  ha- 
m  cola*  halad.  See  Storm, 
rnsman,  «.  oi>  ^f^f  (bn  halad.  See 
tizen. — The  town  and  townsmen, 
lJI  jJ^I^  J[:j  Jb«ll  al  madlnat  wa  awlad 
halad.     The  town-hall  or  town- 

»ii8e,  ^iJlsT^I  ail  mahkamah. 

;e,  8.  tract  (mark,  vestige),  4.«lc  ^<i- 

mat,  M^j  rattn,^]  asar  (pi- j^  I  ^«ar). 


Trace,  v.  (mark  out),  w^  rasam. 
Traced  (marked),  (^^j^  marsUm. 
Tracer,  «.  (one  who  marks  out  or  deli- 
neates), wl^  rdsim ;  (one  who  inyesti- 

gates),  ^^f^sjut  mufattiah.  See  Searcher. 

Track  (path),  ^^Jb  tarik,  J^^^  sahU. 

Tract,  8.  (district,  quantity  of  land), 
jb  J  dijfdr,  i»>-b  ndhiyat  (pi.  ^<^-'y 
nawahi)y  htAi  huk^at  (pi.  cU^  hikdi). 

See  Region,  Course. — (a  treatise,  small 

book),  ^Lt;  rudlah. 
Tractable,  dL«bL«]f  fjf^^  8ahil  al  mu^d- 

malah,  w>Vi^  mutu.  See  Manageable, 

Docile,  Tame,  Obsequious,  Obedient. 
Tractableness,  d^U^l  itd^f.  See  Docility, 

Tameness,  Obedience. 
Tractably,  JulLl  J^  hikol  itd^ai,  JCj 

^Lf  hikol  muldyamat. 
Trade  (traffic,  commerce),  ^IsT  tijdrat, 

y^U  matjar.   See  Exchange,  Business. 

— A   trade   (employment),    ^  fann, 

^UCmo  8an^at,  ^L^  8indc,at,  di.^.  Atir- 

/aA.  See  Occupation. — As  for  the  opportuni- 
ties afforded  by  the  exercise  of  public  functions, 
and  the  advantages  derivable  rrom  administra- 
tive power,  they  prove  fallacious  as  the  confused 
vagaries  of  a  dream,  or  like  shadows  that 
vanish  in  the  darkness,  nor  can  any  calamity 
be  better  than  degradation :  and  as  for  trade, 
its  stores  are  exposed  to  frequent  risk,  and  often 
become  a  prey  to  the  depredations  of  marauders, 
and  their  disappearance  is  rapid  as  the  flight  of 

the  most  swift  birds,  *  CL^Uiy  \  ^ji\^\ 

Trade,    r.    (traffic),    ijKaf^^AX.   ^amal 

tijdrah,  j>-\j  tdjar. 
Trader,  8.  ^\i  tdjar  (pi.  ^c^r  iujjdr), 

^b^jb  hdnirghdn*     See  Merchant. 

66 


T&L 


(1042) 


TRA 


Tradesman,  t.  (meohanio),  ^1*^  $dni^. 
Tradition,   lA^j  riwdyat,  yms>^    khabar 
(pi.  jLf^l  akhbdr),  [mankuL 

Traditional,  ^^^L4b«d  iamd^,  Jj.fl-;,,.^ 

Traduce,  r.  wJ  taham.   See  Calumniate, 

Slander,  Defame,  Censure,  Condemn. 

Traducement,  Ij^  tukmat,  \j:j\  iftird. 
See  Slander,  Calumny,  Censure. 

Traducer,  \^j^  muftari.  See  Calum- 
niator, Slanderer. 

Traffic.  See  Trade.  —  (commodities), 
J^y«t  amwdlf  ^^  haddyi^.  See 
Merchandize,  Wares. 

Tragacanth  (plant),  jIixj  katdd;  (gum), 
i^  katlrah. 

Tragedy,  \jS^\Jb  trdjldid.  See  Mia- 
fortune.  Calamity,  Disaster. 

Tragical.  SeeBloody,  Calamitous,  Mourn- 
ful, Disastrous,  Dreadful. 

Trail,  v,  j>-  jar,  l^^st^  iahah.  See 
Draw. — To  trail  as  a  garment  on  the 
ground,  Ils-*'  shahat. 

Trailed,  ^^££V«  munjar,  l^^Jjs^  rnajzHb, 

Train,  v.   (educate,  form  to  anything), 

mm 

^j  rabba'.     See  Instruct,  Exercise; 
aho  Draw,  Trail. — To  train  a  horse. 

Train,  «.  (artifice,  stratagem),  ^^  ;  '^ 
hilah,  Ju^  kayd;  (the  tail  of  a  gown), 
Jj  J  dayl  (pi.  J^J  duyHl).  The  train 
of  a  bird,  i^^  j  danab.  See  Tail.— 
A  train  or  series,  ^Uaj  nhdm.  See 
Process,  Method. — A  train  (followers), 
^\y  tawdbi^f  ^\atbd^,  t**^^  (•'^^ 
khadam  wa  hasham.  See  Eetinue, 
Procession. — A  train  of  artillery,  itXe 
j-3l*xJlcu'ljby:j  ^iddai  wa  ^arabd- 
ndt  al  maddfi^.  Train  (railway), 
*Xf»Xfi)\  c:->Ulj^  ^aro&dnd^  al  hadld. 


Traitor, «.  ^l^  UdjfM,  i^^  %^  i^mr^ 

A  bread  and  salt  traitary  Jf^^  J'f*- 

f^\^  khawwdn  al  khuht  wal  mUk, 
Traitorons,  ^;£U>-  Jkhdym,  j\j^  ffhaOar 

See  Perfidious. 
Traitorously,  ij\^  JCj  hUM  kki^a^, 

\jj^  ghadran,  d^LsLj^jLC  Jd  ^^ 

ghadrin  wa  khiydnat. 
Traitress,  <.  ^U^  khayndh^ 
Trample,  v.  ^1&  ^/w^O  dds  ^ala\ 

Trampled,  ^lJl&  (jm1»>^  nntdds  ^aldyki. 

Trampler,  «.  (^/m^^O  ddyig, 

Trance»  s,  or  tranae  (temporary  abseo^ 

of  the  soul),  ^Jitx  ffhashyoL 
Tranced  (in  a  trance),  ^Vj*M.r  yka^yi\ 
Tranquil,  u^i^U  hddl.    See  Quiet 
Tranquillity,  to-]^  rdhat,  ^^^  ««^"»* 

>l^l  ..lU^l  itmlndn  al  Odtir.  Se 


Quiet. 


Transact,  v.  ^/^^  tauttci^,  u^l-^ 
^amalihuyhl,  iJ/^^^  9^  ^^  va  t*^ 
tora'.  See  Manage,  Negotiate,  PerfifB. 

Transacted,  J^^jc^^  mufuamtl. 

Transaction,  s.  »^^Lu^  MiudirdA,  J^ 
ittifdh  See  Negotiation^  Manag^cstj 

Transcend,   v.    ^J^   ac^i^,    ^U  '^ 

takaddam   ^la\   tj^  O^  fi^  i!"^ 

See    Pass,    Surpass,   Exceed,  £i 

Surmount,  Climb. 
Transcendency,   t<^  /•JlaJ  ^tfitf/ifi 

^ff/a',  J«di  /<ii^.*  See  Excellence,  ^ 

eminence. 
Transcendent,  transcendental,  J>^^tf/^ 

^)^\ifddil,  aJ^xl^  mvisiaddim, 

fdytk.    See  Excellent,    Pre-emi 
Superior.  fC 

Transcribe,  r.  ^Jaj  itoM,  k**^  iMMii 

Transcript,  «.  Jii  fUbU, 


TEA 


(  1043  ) 


TEA 


nsfer,  9.  J^  hawwal,  Jaj  ndkal, 
ee  Conyey,  Cairy,  Transport,  Eemove. 
-To  transfer  (property,  etc.),  from 
le  to  another,  Ji}  nakl. 
nsferred,  J^ax^  mank^h 
nsformation,  transfigaration,  t-nLJ 
ld)\  iaghylr  mhshaU,  ^  mmM. 

he  transfiguration  of  Jesus  Christ, 

nsform,  transfigure,  9.  Jjj  hadal, 
*'*^  masakh,  ^A'i  kalah. 

nsformed,  c,.Jfl;^  tnunhalib.    To  be 

ansformed,  v,,  JS)\  inhalab.     Before 

;r  words  were  ended  King  Bedr  became 
ansformed  into  the  shape  of  a  bird,  the  most 
iautiful  that  could  be ;  and  he  shook  his  wings, 
id  stood  upon  his  feet,  looking  at  Joharah, 


a:j 


LtfA  ^l1>- 


iJ^J 


i^J^ 


^} 


»j^^^ 


\ 


nsformer,  #.  ^t«  mdsiJtk 

nsfuse,  V,  Jiu  nakal. 
Dsfusion,  Ji3  nai^/,  a!U>>  hawdlah, 
nsgress,  r.  (go  beyond  bounds),  i^Juu 
^dda* ;  (to  offend  against  any  law, 

istom,   etc.),  J^^^  tajduxKi.       See 

olate. — Then  he  said  to  him,  0  my  son, 
have  now  given  thee  my  charee^  and 
ished  it;  and  if  thou  obey  its  gaidanco,  a 
casing  be  with  thee,  but  if  thou  transgress 
ainst  it,  woe  be  unto  thee ;  and  may  God 
itch  over  thee  for  me  when  I  am  no  more ; 
d  I  trust  thou  wilt  not  falsify  my  hope  con- 

mingthee,vj:.^--tfy*^5^b  aI  JlS  ^ 

isgression,  v/*^  ta^dif^ia^  khatd. 
a  Offence,  Sin,  Crime,  Fault,  Yio- 
;ion.  [tqfdwin. 

Lsgressing,  transgressiye,  J|«l^U  him- 


Transgressor,  s.  ^^Juc^  muia^addi,  ^U 

bspkl  {pi.  if\k)  hi^hdh),  j^\i^\^  tnuU- 

jdfjoh. 
Transient,  transitory  (momentary,  frail, 

fleeting),  JU /am,  cs^li^-x  9^tt^ 

sdhit,  Jjlj  zdyiL 
Transiently  (soon  passing,  slightly,  en 

passant),  J|«|^l  Xe^  hsur^atagstawdl. 
Transientness,  transitoriness^  CL^L^  t  a  Jkc 

^adam  assdbdt,  UJ\  /^Sc  ^dam  al  bakd, 

TransitioUyji^  ^u^Or. 

Transitive  (having  the  power  of  passing), 

jy^^  JjU  kdlH  al  ^ubur.     A  transi- 

tive  or  active  signification,  f|«Xft7  f»&- 

ditfaL     A  transitive  or  active  verb. 

Translate,   v,  (from  one  language    to 
another),  ^^^  ^^Vun.    See  Interpret, 
Explain ;  also  To  transport,  Eemove. 
Translated,  ^J^  fmUarjam.     [tarjim. 
Translator,  ^L^^^y  tarjwndnt  mp^z^mu* 
Transmarine  (beyond  sea),  j^)\\j^\^ 
md  ward  al  hahr;  (rare,  exotic),  1^-^ y^ 
gharih,  j  jU  nddir.         [grate,  Travel. 
Transmigrate,  17.  Jiii\tipi<aib/.  SeeEmi- 
Transmigration  (passage  from  one  place 
to  another),  JUiJt  tnttkdl.    8ee  Emi- 
gration.— The  transmigration  of  the 
soul,  ^UsSl  attandsuhh,       [muntahU. 

Transmigrating,    transmigrant,    Ji:u^ 
Transmission,  transmittal,  JLijt  irsdh 
Transmissive,  transmitted,  ^^j^  muraal. 

See  Sent.  [See  Send. 

Transmit,  v.  i}^  haictpolf  JU>^1  anal. 
Transmutable,  fj^s^ffotahatewal,  %^Ahi 

yankalih. 
Transmutation,^^!  ^JU  ^\  ^^  Ji>a^ 

tahwil  €hy  M  thf  akhar,  ^lU-l  iholat. 
Transmutation  of  metab,  L^m^  Mmld, 


T&k 


(1044) 


TBB 


TraDBmntei  v,  J^ kawwdlf  i^Sn kalah. 

See  Change. — ^To  tninamute  metaky 

L^  Ji  ^ffMi  klmUL. 
TranBmuted.  ^,..Ib;,^  wmUulA. 

Tcansmater,  i^j^  muhawwUf  Cy  Ja^ 
mukaUth.  [Gleamefls,  Brillianey. 

Tnnegaiency,    iJ\jUU   ihafd/at.     See 

Transparent,  c^U^  $haffil/.  See  Clear, 
BrigH  Brilliant 

Tran^ire,  v.  (become  pnblio),  &Li  shd^^ 

^lj«jU  fdr  ihdjfi^;  (to  perspire), 

Transplant,  v.  Ja3  noibiL 
Transplantation,  Jaj  luiib^. 
Transplanted,  J£u^  miin<«ib7. 
Transplanter,  Jib  ndhH.     [Jij  ntfio/. 
Transport,  r.  (carry  from  place  to  place). 
Transport,  transportation  (conTeyaaoe), 

^Jij  nakl. 
Transported,  J^a^m*  tnankAl, 
Transporter,  9,  Jjl3  ndkU.    See  Carrier. 

Transpose,  v-jS>-\^  /•oi  kaddam  wa  dkh- 
khar.    To  transpose  one  letter  in  the 

place   of  another,    ^^j^^j^^^  (^*^ 
kaddam  toa  MMar  al  htr^f. 
Transposition,  transposal,  J^t^yJ  tabdil, 

UlIjoT  tahrtf,  i,J^^  ta%hlf. 
Transubstantiate,  v.  (change  substance), 

J^  hawwal.  [lique. 

Transverse,  l^j^  warh.    See  Cross,  Ob- 
Transversely,  S-^jjI^  hU  warh. 
Trap,  i,  2rju«a^  nuuyadah.    See  Snare, 

Ambush,  Stratagem. — To  trap,  CXmu^ 

Sju^d^b   metek  hil  nuuyadai.      See 

Ensnare. 
Trappings  (for  horses),  Ji>-  jtldl. 
Trash,  s^Ksu  na/dwah.   See  Dross,  Dregs. 
Travail,  r.  (labour  in  childbirth),  cs^-^Slb 

iilkat,  u:.^«>-y  Uwajj\at 


Travail,  «.  (labour  in  childbirih),  J^ 

Travel,  v.yL  «d/«r.    Travel;  thoavih 

find  a  friend  in  the  place  of  him  thon  kaTot 
and  fktiffiie  thyaeli ;  for  by  Uboor  ait  ti' 
aweetB  of  life  obtained.    (To  a  maa  of  iuzlfi- 
gence  and  education)  there  is  no  gioir  a  a 
constant  residence ;  therefoi«  qmt  th j  ms>i 

place,  and  go  abroad,  l^^ 


}\^  i3j\M^  ..-u 


*1 


<^.>^1j  ^U9p\  cJi  UjJI  ow 

Travel,' travelling,  ^^Aiid  utfar,  ^L»-L^  a- 
y&hah.     See  Journey. — To  aet  out  e 

one's  travels,  (jiji^^  ^J^  ^^  ^csm 

\aUif  atidrtk.  And  when  one  ooimtiT  fsL* 
to  yield  thee  sapplies,  or  distraas  has  cm- 
taken  thee  therein,  cat  off  thy  hopes  inm  :i 
and  s^eed  thy  eamel  away ;  for  the  best  .-' 
oonntries  is  that  which  maintains  thee.  5t 
deem  remoral  a  hardship,  nor  dislike  d^crt 
of  place ;  for  the  most  distingniBhed  of  er 
sect,  and  chiefs  of  oar  tribes,  are  agmd  = 
the  opinion  that  moTement  is  bliss,  and  no 
ing  of  fresh  places  a  sore  gain,  like  a  faiH  <^ 
exchange,  wtdle  they  express  contempt  ke  lie 
opinion  of  one  who  thinks  that  traveilia^  a 
misery,  or  change  of  place  a  signal  torto. 

Traveller,  «.^Lm^  musafir. 

Treacherous,  ^l>^  khdyin,j\s£gkaddaf- 

See  Perfidious,  Traitorous. 
Treacherously,  X^L^L  JCj  hikoiUuy6»^ 

\jSc>  ffhadran. 
Treachery,  treacherouaneas,  ij\^  ^ 

ydnatf  jA£>  ghadr.     See  Perfidy. 
Treacle  (a  medicinal  composition),  \^J 

tuydk,  Jjj9  iirydi,  j\jjj 


THE 


(  1045  ) 


TEE 


adorn.    See  Gk>i  Step,  Walk, 
md  (step,  footing),  MSk.hadam. 

iason,  ^Uf^  hhiyanatf  jtXe.  ^hadr. 

iasonable,  ^^  khayin^J^tXL  ghadd&r. 
\ee  Treacherous,  TraitoroQ8,EebeIliotis. 
\BSQTe,yShmi^  ^j\y>'  hhaidnah,  ^js>^ 
kazlnah.   See  Biches,  Wealth,  Money. 

-Treasures, .  f^]js>-    khasStfinf  jyS 

unuz.  So  I  said,  Bring  to  me  the  wealth 
ind  it  was  oontained  in  a  thousand  pits,  in 
ich  of  which  were  a  thonsand  handred- 
eights  of  red  gold,  and  yarieties  of  pearls 
ad  jewels ;  and  there  was  the  like  quantity 
r  white  silver,  with  treasnrei  snch  as  the 
ings  of  the  earth  were  unable  to  procure), 

nd  thej  did  so,  ^  \^j0ds>^\  a^  ls-JlU 

lasnre,  v.  ^y^  hhatan. 

iasurer, «.  yjj^  hh&zin^  e^lj^  hkau&n. 

lasnry, «.  ^J^  JchasAndhf  JUll  c:^ 

ayt  al  mdl,  ^}s^  makJuum  [hence 

la^aun  in  Spanish,  ma^Mine  in  Eng- 

sh].       The  royal   treasury,    ij^l 

^USl  al  khassnat  al  ^dmtrah, 

at,  V.  (negotiate,  settle  any  business), 

r^  (J^  1"*^!^  short,  J^  fji  ^mal 

ahd'y  (to  handle,  manage),  ^b  hd- 

hat ;  (to  give  an  entertainment),  J.f 

iLM0  ^amdl  diyafah;  (to  discourse  on), 

^^i^  i)f  ^mal  mmdkarah.  To  treat 

l,j^  kdhor.     See  Oppress,      [ment. 

;at,  «.  ^Lj  diydfah.     See  Entertain- 

(ated  (discoursed  upon),  j^iV«  maighar. 

^atise,  «.  aSL|  mSAiA,  9j\d^  muta- 

arah, 

tatmenty  A^\jl^   mu^malah,  \li^ 


9dlkk.   Good  treatment,  CL>Uill  t7^«/df, 

aAsj  fi^dyah.  Ill  treatment,  JJ9  mdm, 

Ujj-  jaf&f  j^  joufr.    See  Oppression. 

Treaty,  «.  «Xfc  ^aM.  A  treaty  of  peace, 

oZ  ifdh,  i^\^a^  muidlahU,       [ad^f. 

Treble  (threefold),  uJIm\  o)Li  «£r^d«a^ 

Tree,  9.jSf^  shqfar,  SjSf^  shajarah. 

Trees,  jLk-^1  ashjdr,  c:.^Lk-*  shajardt 

The  infernal  tree  (the  devil),  9jjs:^ 

!♦  JJ\  shajarai  atstaknm.     Abounding 

in  trees,  planted  with  trees,  a  grove  or 

thicket  of  trees,  jt^**^  mushjir.    See 

Foreet,  Gtoto,  Thioket-^Then  I  ctimbed  up 
a  lofty  tree,  and  hegan  to  look  from  it  to  the 
right  and  left^  but  saw  nought  sare  sky  and 
water,  and  trees  and  birds,  and  island  and  sands, 

C-y»j  iJU  ijS^  ^Jlc  iZJdJua  iS\  ^ 

Trefoil,  t)*^  trifle.    See  Clover. 

Trellis,  «.  CC^*^  wuMblah,  See  Lat- 
tice.  Orate. 

Tremble,t?.  Juu^l  irto^,  \J*Juj\  trtotoah, 
J jjjj  toMohal,  ujis^j  rafaf.  See  Shake, 
Totter,  Stagger. — ^To  tremble  as  the 
earth,  JjJj-^  tmuUfuU,  To  tremble  with 
oold,  ^ttiiiSy  takafkaf.  To  cause  to 
tremble,  (^-fi>;^  ^^V* 

Trembling,  tremulous,(j£ut7^ifiiir^^t>A. 
Trembling,  tremor,  ^J^j  ra^h,  i^Xcj 
ra^dat,  J]pJ  %alndl  jUjijI   irti^dd, 

/PUjjf  irta^h.     Depart  and  return 

not  hitiier,  or  I  will  kill  thee,  and  she  cried 
out  in  his  face;  so  he  departed  from  her 
presence  trembling,  shaking,  and  quiyering, 


UajT^  \to-li 


•  -• 


Tremblingly,  jUJ^Ij  ^^j^  J^  ^*^^ 
irti^dsh  iva  irti^d,  oUjjb  hi  irtudd. 


TBI 


(1046) 


TBI 


TremendoQs,  uJ^j^MnMil/,  J^f«Mdkl7. 

See  Horrible,  Temble^Dreadfnl, A  wfdL 
Trench,  JX.»-  i^mdak,  ^/^j^  maid' 

fit,  ^jf^a^  teteii.     See  Ditch. 
Trepidation,  uJy^  ikawf.    See  Terror, 

Tremor.  [greasion,  etc. 

Trespass,  to  trespass,  etc.     See  Trans- 
Tresses,  JAs>-jaddffil.  See  Curl,  Lock 

of  hair. 
Tressed  (carled),  J^AsT*  mmji^L 
Trial  (experiment,  examination),  ^Is^t 

imtih&n^  ^^/f^  <<Sfr*kiA,  ^joar'  tafah- 
hm\  (endeaTOor,  attempt),  ^jl^  M^i, 
iX>-jadd,*i^^J0hd;  (temptation,  test 
of  virtne),  \ye\  ifhwd ;  (judicial  exa- 
mination), fjJiseriahltlk(;pl.  C^U^iar 
tahklkat).  [tpdya. 

Triangle,  «.  ^\^J^^  LjSt^  mu$Mu  aaa- 
Triangnlar,b  l^j  ijij  ^  laho  $ala$at  taw&yd 
Tribe,  «.  ^y  kaum^  ^lAjlt  idytfah;  (or 
family),  dLJ  iUH^A  (pl- Jd  V^  kaUyO), 
iM*£>  ^athlrat  (pi.  ^lu«£  ^MAdytr). 


And  "when  he  arriyed  at  the  gate  of  the  palace, 
he  saw  the  sons  of  his  ancles,  and  his  reiationa 
and  tribe,  and  young  men,  who  were  more 
than  a  thotuand  horsemen,  covered  with  iron 
and  with  coats  «f  mail  pat  one  over  another, 
and  having  in  their  hands  spears  and  bright 

swords,  (^\;j^\  <--?V  lJ^  J-*^  ^^ 
1^1^^  djUiij  ijjfJLe.^  MJ^^3  ^^^*^  <^^^^ 


Tribalation,  (-^HaJf  itiirdh,  ^  yham, 
S\  alam.  See  Trouble,  Vexation;  Dis- 
tress, Persecution.  \dlwdn. 

Tribunal,  s.  ^J^Ls:^  mahkamah^  i^^^ 

Tributary,  ^^j^\  wilj  ddfi^  ajjjimyah. 

SeeSubject. — A  tributary  of  the  Sultan, 

j;i  timml.  [See  Tax. 

Tribute,  ^f^^y^-   kkardj,    ^  >-  jatiyah. 


I^ 


;> 


Trice  (in  a),  ^2^  £&^  4/1  Ubfl<  ^ti9> 

Trick,    S.    aLp-    iXM,    4^^   M;t 

See  Artifice^  Frand,  DeoeptMB,  Jq^ 

— (habit),ijU^diai.  AndLadylkri 

opened  it  and  read  it,  and  andentood  hs » 
tenia,  and  said  to  the  o^  vanan.  Ihk iifti 

of  yoor  tricks,  L«J«3  ij>jtJ\  U'.v.. 

Trick,  V.  A^  J^  ^«8m/  ili 
^lAthtdl^M.  SeeDeceiTe,Def[^ 

oZso  To  dress.  Adorn,  Decorate. 
Tricker,  t .  _ssic]L«flui2a^t2;Y  SeeCk: 

Trickish,  jLL«  makkdr,  \J^' 

Tricked  (cheated),  flc  c^^L*  a»J.: 

^<i2ayAi^  JL9/^  ffM^ArMT.    Tricked  :t 

(adomed),^J^  mioayytfv.SeeDRS^ 
Trickle,  V.  LI;  nalio^.    See  Drop. 
Trick-track  (a  game  at  draughts],  ^*^\ 

c,  ^n\\\  tdwlat  dl  la^. 
Tried  (brought  to  the  test),  f^jS*  ^' 

jarrdb.     See  Test. 
Triennial  (every  three  years),  12^  .• 

^^ajLmi  ib/  saldsat  tajtlis. 
Trier,  «.  <---j]i^  mujarrH,  j^^wm»«' 

tahin;  (one  who  examines  jodicuir; 

^l>>  hakim,  ^^\j  k&dL    See  J^i^ 


o^  Test. 


Trifle,  «.  ^5  Idthsy^Jjjl  ^ 

Trifles,  c:3|^i*-^  moMardL 

Trifling  (wanting  worth,  nnimport:' 

jLwxl  ^  t«  mdlaho  i^tibdr,  ^^^if^ 

mufUmm.  See  Trivial. — (foolish,*^ 
out  meaning).  Jin  lb  hOd  ^mH  S» 
SiUy.  [Mi  /i^i^ 

Triflingly,  jLxel  )b  6tZa  i^Mdr,  ^«* 
Triform,  JfLlSI  (JJlI^  MtMiOit  Wik- 
Trigon.   See  Triangle.  \J^^ 

TrUateral,  u^^^l  cUl^  mwia « 


TBI 


(1047) 


TEO 


ill, «.  (shake  in  marie),  *j^  taramnm, 

«L«ju  naghmah. 

■im,  uJj^  Mfi/,  \^i,U\  laH/.     See 

Neat,  Nice,  Tight 

•im  or  trim  up,  v,  ^^Jj  %afyant  Joj 

nauam.  See  Dress,  Decorate,  Adjust, 
im  (dress),  ^JLCm^  kaahkoih,  Jmb*^ 
ffo/aib.  See  Ornament, 
immed  (dressed),  ^j-«  muxayyan. 
-imming  (ornamental  appendages  on 
garments),  ^JiSjiS  koihkash,  ^U&U. 
hdshiyah, 

-ine,  8.  (triangular  aspect  of  stars), 
i-t  ^M"}  ta$U8.  [akdoi. 

rinity,  «.  ^jMjjJt  Cjjllill  iw«d/iU  a/ 
rip,  9.  (stamble),  (J^^J^  tasahlak.  See 
Slip,  Slide.— (to  fail,  err),  UuL  J^ 

rip, «.  (stumble),  ^ioLaaakta,  ^J  tdlka. 
See  Slip. — (a  mistake),  ^  foAu,  Ua^ 
khatd.  See  Error,  Blunder,  [a/rd/. 
-ipartite,  uJf^Jl  ciJi>^  m«MJ%w  al 
*]pe,  ^;J[j\«A^  moidrin.  See  Intestines, 
Gruts. — The  rough  tripe  of  beasts  which 
chew  the  cud,  ^^  kirth  (pi.  {J^^^J 
hurush). 
ipedal,  a\jj\  ijij  i\  lahoioldsatakddtn. 

iple,  i^St^  tnusallas,  uJliwl  ijH 
mldsat  ad^&f.    To  triple,  v»iJj  mUm. 

iplet,  «.  «>^  Ja^  mtuallas. 

iplicate,  tripled,  cLJi^  miMoAM. 

iplioation,  C^Iaj  toiAi. 

ipod,  Uami  «lid. 

ite  (not  new,  common),  aJJj  kadim, 

i^fuub^  tiuuhhUr,  /*U  ^dm.     See  Stale, 

Old,  Vulgar,  Trivial. 

iteness,  i^  $huhrat. 

ivet  (for  supporting  a  pot),  L^  «fto. 

See  Tripod. 


Trivial,  j\^\  ^U  m&laho  i^t%bar,j^ 
haklr.    See  Trifling,  Worthless. 

Trivially,  jL:iA\  h  hUd  i^tOdr,,  ^y> 
j^^J>'  hiwafMn  haklr. 

Trivialness,  jLx^t  A«Xfi  ^adam  i^tibdr, 
ifiU»-  hakOrat. 

Triumph,  jLd&}i  «»^t«fSr,  jil?  %afari  Ijoi 
na$arai.  See  Victory,  Conquest.*- 
(joy  for  success),  ^If^l  ibtihaj.  See 
EzultatioUi  Eejoicing. 

Triumph,  r.  _)xyid&3l  ifUasar  ^M^Jiio 
Eofarp  L^^\.r  yhalah.  See  Conquer. — 
(to  rejoice),  -y  J^  ^nudfarah.  See 

Exult,  Shout. 
Triumphal,  i^^T;*^  nasri. 
Triumphant,  triumphing,  jf^«d*.^  mansHr. 

See  Victorious. 
Triumphantly,  j\s^\jj^  hi  murin  wa 

iftikhdr.  ^  [phant. 

Triumpher,  i.jy^ii^  tnaruHr,  See  Trium- 
Troop,  J.  ^U>*  jamd^,  JLi^  Jkkat, 

^y  fawj. 

Troops  (army  ),^^Lu£  ^askar,  ^JL^jayth. 
SeeSoIdier,  Army . — To  assemble  troops, 

yCyyX  ^^  J^^'^t  f^^^'      ^^  ^^9 

Beview,    Enlist. — In  troops,    l>-fy^ 
\>'\y\  afic&jan  afwdjan.  [man. 

Trooper,  s,  JCf^  khayydl.     See  Horse- 
Trope,  «.  (figure  of  speech),  f^jls^  ^Uf 

^tddro^  mqfdtiyah,  iA:^  kindyat. 
Trophy,  t.  A^y^J-  ghanlmat. 
Trophied,  Jli  ghdnim. 

Tropic  of  Cancer,  ^jJi\  ^j  ij)\j  dd- 
yirat  rd$  auartdn.  ^It^l  L».  i^/< 
assartdn.  The  tropic  of  Capricorn,  ijAj 
4^JuJ\  j^l^  ddyirai  rds  aljadl,  &sL 
(^Jus)l  khatt  aljadl. 

Trot,  r.  Jjj^b  harwai.  A  trot,  trotting, 
^j^^  hartpaUU. 


TBO 


(1048) 


TETI 


Troth.     See  Truth,  Fidelity. 

Trouble^   v.  ^^  ^awhur^  jd^  ladiar, 

alkh&tir.  See  Distress,  Yez,  Torment, 
Plagae,  Affliet,  Oriere,  Perplex,  Tease, 
Importune.  — To  trouble  one's-self  or 

be  anxious  about  anything,  ^l>-jJ^ 

kaddar  halaho.  When  the  King  heard  tiieee 
words,  his  heart  was  troubled,  and  he  feared 
for  his  kingdom,  and  called  ont  to  the  lords  of 
hiB  empire  and  his  ministers,  chamberlains 

and  lieutenants,  CJ^  J  \LS^  ^^j^,^  Ulj 
iz^L^  Js.  v^U.j  yjty  ^J3\  ^Sill 

Trouble,  ^*^^  toidi^,    Jt  alam,  *i 

gham,  i\h  saldah,  <U^  zahmat,  ^j\ 

aayah.  See  Disturbance,  Perplexity,  Vexation, 
Grief,  Injurr,  Molestation. — And  the  fox  said 
to  the  wolf.  Enter  the  yinejard ;  for  thou  art 
spared  the  trouble  of  climbing  the  wall  of  the 
garden,  or  breaking  it  down,  and  it  belongs 

to  God  to  complete  the  benefit!  Jli-i 

w 


jJLi  pil\  J\  Jd.jl  L-JjJl  L^Juel 


laSW   AjJbj  ^  jlw'.U 


l:;. 


>«* 


i^ 


^\m*>^  ^\  aUJ  i^\  ^J^j  ^liAuJl .  And 

she  ceased  not  to  sit  with  her  and  console  her 
and  to  comfort  her  heart,  until  she  was  con- 
tent, and  her  bosom  became  dilated  and  she 
laughed ;  and  her  trouble  and  the  contraction  of 
her  bosom  on  account  of  her  separation  fh)m 

her  family  and  home  ceased,  JjJ  m1^ 


Jbj 


t^j 


Troubled,  UjjJa^o^  muttarib.  To  be 
troubled  (vexed),  j^  taJIcaddar,  Ju\ 
angham\  (to  be  oppressed),  ^«^\  indar, 

Troubler,  s.jtiL^  mukaddar.  See  Dis- 
turber. 

Troublesome,  J J^  mtf^oi^ir.  SeeYexa* 
tious.  Uneasy,  Painful,  Importunate. 


Tronblesomely,  ji^^  ^ Jufi?  J^  W 
tatdi^  foa  takdir.  [Troal^ 

Troublesomeness,    ^J^   <a«2{^.    See 

Trousers,  ^^io:>>^  pmUaUt^ 

Trowel,  «.  (for  spreading  plaster,  i^ 
on  walls),  sAm^  maslafah.  To  plstf 
with  a  trowel,  ^^^  la^at,  SeeEists 

Truce,  t.  iGjJb  hudnai^  ^jlf«  wsii- 
danah.    See  Peace,  Cessation. 

Truck,  IT.  (traffic  by  exchange),  4]  jL<  ^,' 
^nud  mubddaUih.  See  Barter,  Ii- 
change.  Traffic. 

True,  j;  Jlitf  9adihi  ^jJb  yoMn,  ^y>  h^ 

^^igto.  hakiMf  (JAS^  muhakM,  ^ 

iohxh.  See  Eight,  Beol,  Just,  Era 
Honest,  Faithful,  Gbnuine,  GerUin- 
True  intelligence,  if^^^  jr^  i^ 
iohih.  True-bom  {tdao  tme-bred),  J.: 
<Ml/,  Jm0SI^»-  hurr  al  dsl. 
Truffle,  «•  ifU^  kamdt  See  Mu^itocs 
Trull,  t.  iJl^\i  JaUghah.     See  Bartr 

Whore. 
Truly,  ii^\  d  fl  ^  Aoilib^,'!^ 
hakkan,  (jM^\  ,Jlc  ^alm*  Mtid^ 

hak,  L^  yaJHuon.     See  Beally,  Ccr 

tainly,  Exactly,  Indeed. 
Trump  up,  v.  jJu»-j^  jJ  ^J^  ^€msti» 

Hrwahllah.   See  Beyise,  Feign,  Fcf]^ 
Trump,  trumpet,  t.jJtJ  na/tr,  jy  h^ 

(pi.  ji\j)\abwdk).  Drums  and  tnnB|i^ 

jJu^  (Jj?  tM  wa  nqfir. 
Trumpet,  trumpeter,  «.  ^j\y  hmwK<aL 
Truncate,  1;.  wlai  kaU^. 

Mutilate,  Lop,  Cut 
Truncated,  c^kL*  makiu^ 

Truncheon,  «.  c,i  ^j«fli  kadih 
Trunk,  «.  (of  a  tree),  ^U^ 

^^1^  karami),js^\  jL 


TEXT 


(  1049  ) 


TUM 


See  Stump.— The  tronk  of  an  animal, 
^Jj  hadan.  An  elephant's  trunk, 
(^^Z^-  J^hartUm,  fJJi\  (^^j^  khartUm 
al  flL     See  Proboscis. — A  trunk  for 

clothes,  etc.,  J^<Xm0  iandnt,  ij^^:^ 

utndukah, — ^And  if  thou  again  make  iiM]of  such 
words,  thoa  wilt  be  pimished  on  my  part  with 
the  utmost  aeyerity.  By  him  who  created  man- 
kind  of  congealed  blood,  and  gare  light  to 
the  Bon  and  the  moon !  if  thou  repeat  the 
proposal  thou  bait  made,  I  will  avnredly  hang 


thee  on  the  trunk  of  a  tree,ij:^<«ff£»*j  ^^ 

*^1^  fjuAJ^\  Ljjlit  ^^j  ♦^•Lc  ^ 

rust  (confidence),  ^^^  jU&^f  t^imdd 

^ala\  JlCjt   Mikal,  jfy    tawiMul. 

Trust  in  God,  d^\  ^  J?y  tawaJthd 

^ala*  aUah.      See  Faith.  —  (charge), 

^1^  hawdlah;   (a  deposit),   Ij\^\ 

amdnat;   (credit  in  money  matters), 

^J  Urd,  ^  J  dayn. 

'ust,  r.  (place  confidence  in),    Ac  Jc^AcI 

i^tamad  ^alc^.     See  Believe,  Credit, 

Rely,  Expect.— (to  sell  npon  credit), 

^jJli  elj   ha^   hiddayn ;    (deposit), 

G  Ltf  wJi^  wadu^  amdnah. 

ustee,  9.  ^j^\  amln,  J^^  wakll. 

aster,  «.  J^asji^  mu^mad.     See  Be* 

iever. 

ostiness,  ijL^S  amdnat,  ^t:^  anumiffoi, 

LvLajluI   iHHtdnkU,     See  Honesty, 

fidelity.  [nah.   See  Faithless. 

listless,  dj\^\  ^JOfU  md^indaho  amd- 

QBty,    dj\^\  ^,,>>l^    «dAt6   oiruiiuiA, 

»:*ir.*M^  mtif^Im.    See  True,  Honest, 

faithful. 

ith,   JJU0  «i<7i(,   J>-   AoU, 


hdkllatf  <OUil  amAno/.  See  Honesty, 
Fidelity,  Constancy,  Virtue,  Exactness. 
— ^The  undisguised  truth,  f^j^^  ^^^ 
alhak  asiorih.  Truth  is  bitter,  JhS^l 
j^  alhak  murr.  In  truth,  J^srrb  hil- 
hak,  iAM^\  dflal  hakikat,  ^\^\  J 

fil  wdki^f  ^*A>  haklkatan,  JJuJu 
hmidk.  See  Truly,  Verily.— Against 
the  truth  of  the  matter,  ^jma3  ^  tH^.:^ 
^)l*  khildfnafs  al  amr. 

Try,  «.  (make  an  experiment,  attempt, 
endeavour),  ^J^^\  mtahan,  ^^u» 
u^l,  yjkp-^  SJ^  J.f  ^amaljaddaho  wa 
jahdaho ;  (examine,  search  into,  inves- 
tigate),  fjos^  fahas.  See  Examine, 
Investigate,  Bring  to  the  test.  Essay, 
Purify,  Befine.  —  To  try  (lawsuits, 
criminals,  etc.),  ^^^  ^jA  Jf  ^amal 
shari^ah  ^Itf. 

Tube,  t.  u^yj\  anbiil  (pi.  v.^«^l3^  and- 
ii&),  Vi^^  lawM,    See  Pipe,  Siphon. 

Tuck,  t.  cQj..)  <^.   See  Sword. 

Tuesday,  U)bI1  i%jj  yoirm  assaldidh. 

Tuition,    LjjJ    tarhiyat,  aJju    to^/tm, 

(^^jIj  Mift3,   <LliiLs^  ifiM^/asaA. 

See  Education,  Ouardianship. 
Tulip,  «.  ^^Ijfi;.  khitdma. 
Tumble,    v.   (fall   down),    ]aLa   takat, 

J5[^jJ  tadarkai.    To  tumble  or  roll 

ahout,  ^j^Jj  tadahraj. 

Tumble, «.  t^  mciba^,  ^^idJ  tadahruf, 

{J$jS»  iadarhd. 
Tumefaction,  a;^  traram.     See  Tumor. 

— To  tumeiy.     See  Swell. 
Tumid  (swelling,  swollen),  ^^Uji^  war- 

tndn,  ^y^i^manfakh.  See  Protuberant, 

Inflated. 
Tumor,  «.  aj^  taaram. 

Tumult,  «.  icj  //no/,  ^/--^  «ij;«f . 


TUB 


(  1050  ) 


TUB 


Tumultuary,  tumultuous,  ^j^y  murtqf, 

JUnat. 
Tumultuously,  tumultaarily,    -^.I-aT^Ij 

^^j  hi  irtijdjin  wafitnah. 
TumultuouBueBSy    tumultaariness,    ^izi 

JUnah,    Bee  Tumult. 
Tun,  9.  a;S^  tanUldtq,  Jh  tun. 
Tane,  s.  ^Uju  naghma  (pi.  CI^Uju  nagh- 

mat),  aIL«  makdmt  ^}y^\  U9Ql.      See 

Harmony,  Melody ;  also  Temper,  Dis- 
position, Humour.  [naghgham. 
Tune,  V.  ijJu  Jn^  ^mal  naghma,   Ju 

TunefuUy,  ^UJLJ\  Jy^^  S-^r*  ^5^ 

^a/i»'  mujib  fual  annaghma. 
Tunic,  9,  Li  jloid,  jLjJ  ibtn^di. 
Tunicle,  luLi  ghMd,    See  Covering. 
Tunnel,  <.  w«j  ium^.     See  Pipe. — (a 

passage  for  smoke),  ^Lxs>«  Jb«  mudkhana. 
Tunny,  «.  (fish),  ^  ton. 
Turban,  «.  ^Uf  ^mdma^. 

Turbid,  j*yiz^  mutakaddiff  ^y^si^  muhh' 

hut.     See  Muddy,  Thick.  [ness. 

Turbidness,  l9LacrWwi&MS^.  SeeMuddi- 
Turbulence,  c-^1  ixi^l  ittirdhf  l:cj  JUnat. 

See  Tumultuousness,  Sedition. 
Turbulent,  ^:i:;i!l  ^^^^^'^^^  muk%h  dlfitnat. 

See  Tumttltuou8,Bi8obedient,  Seditious. 
Turbulently,  L^SJeuc^^  hzi  JCj  hiholJU- 

natin  wa  ittirdh.     See  Seditiously. 
Turgid,  ^t^^  warmdn.      See  Tumid, 

Swelling. 
Turk,  9.  CSy  twh  (pi.  Cily  1  a<ra*), 

(jUlc  ^9mdnl.    The  Emperor  of  the 

Turks,  ^Ul£  ^^  ^^llaL.  iStt/<a»  hanl 

Turkish,  j-^  turhl.    Turkish  writings, 

sayings,  or  things,  ciL^L^  turhydt. 
A  Turkish  slipper,  <^^L  ia^fi/. 


Turkey,  «.  (large  domestic  fswl),  dC: 

Turkey  (country  of  the  Tuiks),  ij.i 
ijUl«S\  addawUft  al  cosmdniffai. 

Turmoil.     See  Trouble,  Distnrbanfie. 

Turn,  «.  (put  into  a  drcular  motks 
jy  J  dawwar,  j\o  ddr ;  (to  put  the  if 
sidedownward),!^  l?fcife^;  (tocbsr^ 
alter),  J^  ghayyar.  Bee  ConTOl- 
(to  be  changed),  J*Xy1  wMs/;  s 
translate),  ^^Jf  taiyam;  (to  tn& 
form),  ^***^  imMtfM ;  (to  Ijecome),  •• 
9dr.  To  turn  (go  or  irf-alk  round), ;'- 
ifdr.  To  turn  away,  turn  off  JcL- 
miss),  ^Ic  ^astalf  jJ^i^  da9hskar, 
turn  the  eyes  (towards  anythiog),  ^  - 
llaj    ddr  tiataraho.     To  turn  (is i 

lathe),  i?^    i^ro^.     And  wba^ 

had  rubbed  the  hand  of  the  honemaiu  it  i^* 
like  the  blinding  lightning,  and  faced  t  dffe*' 
direction  from  that  in  which  they  vst-  "■' 

party  therefore  turned  thither,  U-' 


Turn,  turning,  «.  (the  act  of  tone: 

circular  motion),   i^i^oer  tsheil- 

dawr,  ^Uj J  dawardn ;  (a  walk),  ^ 

mashl ;  (walk  to  and  fro),  ^yj  ^7 

ntj,  (^\;i^  9ayrdn ;  (a  change,  liss 

tude),  LJi3j\  ffiittot,  Jj^  fc*-^ 

(occasion,  convenience),  ^yf^ 

See  Opportunity. — ( maimer,casM*^ 

Sj^  9ilrah,  J^  «***/;  (dispos-'^ 

of  mind),  c-^^*L^  fmuAro^,  ^J/*"^ 

•^   toJj..      See  Temper.— A  ^ 

(time,  periods),  jj J  dawr.    Bytc^' 

,jjil  *i7  iaa?r.      Turns  (rideiasi- 

of  fortune,  etc.),  cUJUlUit  Wi^ 

uJi\ya  9awdrif.    And  when tky^ 


TWA 


(  1051 ) 


TWI 


attained  to  manhood,  and  were  botb  endowed 
with  every  accomplishment,  their  father,  when- 
eyer  he  made  a  journey,  seated  them  bT  tnms 
in  the  hall  of  judgment,  and  each  of  them 
judged  the  people  fbr  one  day  at  a  time, 


'luned  (changed),  t^.tav^  munhilib, 
^Jux^  mutahaddU,  uJjyid^  masrHf. 
Turned  back  (repalsed),  «^<^  inar- 
dud,  ^yJ^  mad/H^i  (bent  back), 
^^«/*  mu^awwaf.  See  Bent. — (trans- 
lated), ^jr^  mutarjamf  J^a:^  man" 

kul.     Turned  away,  Jj^J^^^  ma^'&l. 
Turned  in  a  lathe,  ^^^  fnakhrnt 

umer,  «.  tljf^  kharrdt.     The  art  of 
turning,  ^LfL  khardta. 
umip,  i,  o»i!  Ufi. 

umsol  (plant),  ji^l  akr&r,  fjM>AJjJi\j\^J 
dawwdr  ashahanu, 
urpentine,  ^j^zj^^Jb  tarmttUln. 
'urpitude,jlc  ^dr,  y^^jp  ^Offh,  ^L^-LS 
kahdhah.      See  BasenesSi  Depravity, 
VileneBs,  Deformity, 
arquoise  9r  turkoise,  «.  (a gem),  <)ji^ 

fayru%aK  ^ jjjj^  fi^Vr^^- 

or  tie  Of  turtle-dove,  «.  ^U^^  ^mS- 

fTuiA,  ^Uj  y^mdmaA.   A  searturtle  wr 

tortoise,  iJL^^  nUhtfah, 

atelage,  mAju  ta^Um.  i,^^j\j  tddlh. 

See  Tuition,  Guardianship. 

taakilf  Jjl^  mu^aUtm,    See  Guardian, 
atty,  Ujy  ^fi^id.   A  coUyrium  of  tutty 
for  anointing  the  eyes,  J^  kuhl. 
wang,  «.  (sharp  quick  sound),  AjJavk 
tantanah,  ^jJ^  UMn.    See  Tone. — 

To  twang,  iij  Jf  ^amal  ranna. 


Tweak,  v,  ^ja£,  ^aw.  See  Finch,  Squeeze. 
Tweedle,  v.  (touch  lightly),  ^Jk£ J  dagh- 

dagh.     See  Tickle. 
Tweezers,  l^UL*  malkdt.    To  pull  hairs 

from  the  face,  etc.,   with  tweezers, 

yS  Mat 
Twelfth,  i.jJ^  JlJ  tdta  ^ashar. 
T waive,  jA^LjI  (und  ^ashar. 
Twelvemonth,  s.  l:^  sanah.    See  Year. 
Twentieth,  #.  ^^j**^  ^hrUn,  ^jlf^ 
Twenty,  ^*jif**s.  ^hurln,  [^wArln. 

Twice,  ^j^f  tnarratln.  Once  or  twice, 
yji^j^^  {/«  marrffA  atr  marratln.  To 
do  anything  twice,  ,«*J'  ^^Jf  ^' 
fw  fi^  athshag,  ^j^y  15^'  J-*^  t?" 
iNtf/  ashshay  marratln.     See  Kepeat. 

Twig,  i.  jy:  ^tr*,  Jj,^  ^iirii^,  ^j>a£, 
ghntn. 

Twilight,  «.  (of  the  morning),  /li^ 
f^tfib,  jS?  fajir.  .  See  Dawn. — The 
evening  twilight,  L^^Ji^  ^JaJ^  9hafuk 
al  ghurnh.     See  Crepuscle. 

Twin,  twins,  «.  /^p  tawm.    See  Gemini. 

Twine,  k^  khagt    See  Thread. 
Twined,  aj^^^  tnahrUm.    See  Twisted. 
Twinkle,  twinkling,  «.  (sparkling  of  a 
star),  ^4]  &i9»^.     The  twinkling  of 

the  eye,  ^j^MsJb  tar/at  al  ^ayn, 
isi^  lamhai,  l!iaJ  laJuat  See  Wink, 
Glance. — In  a  twinkling,  ^^^  iLlxcr^  bi 
lahxat  ^agn,  ^^^  {/*^  highamtat  ^ayn. 
Twinkle,  v.  (as  a  star),  w*l  lama^  See 

Sparkle. — To  twinkle  as  the  eye,y4x 

ghamat.  Know,  0  illustrioUB  orince,  that 
this  damsel  is  a  hody  skilfully  emoalmed,  and 
her  eyes  have  been  taken  out  after  death,  and 
quicksiWer  has  been  put  beneath  them,  after 
which  they  haye  been  restored  to  their  places ; 
so  the^  gleam ;  and  whenever  the  air  putteth 
them  m  motion,  the  beholder  imsgines  that 
she  twinkles  her  eyes,  though  she  is  dead. 


TTE 


(  1052  ) 


XJ 


\jjui:)^  J-jj  J«5-^  Vr*  *^  ^  - 
^^i'Ui^y.J  l^  ^^UJd  U|i  W^ 

Twiet,  V.  Mj(  haram,  Jsi  /«<<»/. 

Twist,  twisting,  «.  j^  &ir»i.  A  twist 
or  string,  kȣ^  kkofft.  See  Thread, 
Twine,  Cord,  Rope.— Twisting  two 
threads  together,  |*^  baram.  Twisting 
oneself,  ^^JiJ  idawwa\ 

Twisted,  A^j^y  iwoJrflw,  J^^i*  mo/JJu/. 

Twister,  •.  J  lli/a^W/.  See  Eope-maker. 

Twitch,  V.  ijL£ J  dagMagh.    See  Tickle. 

Twitch,  «.  ^ijLcJ  iaghdaghah. 
Twitter,  v.  (make  a  sound  like  a  swallow), 

Twitter,  «.  (tremulous  sound),  iio^^ 
vfatwatah ;  (mental  emotion),  uj\jb^\ 
ittirdh. 

'Twixt,  ^j^i  layn.    See  Betwixt. 

Two,  ^liJl  a<»dn,  ^^1  atnln.  The  two 
hands,  ^^  JJ  yadan,  ^^iJj  yadin.  One  of 
the  two,  Ujb  4X^1  aAoi  Auma.     [Edge. 

Two-edged,  ^«X^  ^  ^^0  haddln.     See 

Twofold,  uJfUi^  mtM^d^a/.  SeeDouhle. 

Tymhal,  9.  J-t  ^W.     See  Tabor. 

Tympany,  «.  lJuL  UamImsI  w^m^  tahU. 

Type,  «.  Xi..^^  if;^  tHrat  Oiligat,  il J^U 
i&d^t(2a^.  See  Emblem,  Mark,  Stamp. 

Tyrannical,   tyrannic,  tyrannous,   Jit 

%dlm,  jj\p^  jayir.    See   Cruel,  Im- 

Eerious,  Oppressive. — ^Tjraimiie  not,  if  thou 
ast  the  power  to  do  so ;  for  the  tyrannical  is 
in  daneer  of  revenges.  Thy  eye  will  sleep 
while  the  oppressed,  wakefnl,  will  call  down 
001860  on  thee;  and  6od*s  eye  sleepeth  not, 


4^ 

J    ' 


Tyrannically,  Jk  J6  Mb?  wlw,  Uii 

SNirmm.  They  made  nse  of  their  porwer,  ad 
used  it  tyrannically;  and  aoon  it  became* 

though  it  never  had  existed,  \^i^ 

J^  jJi  ^3  f^-^J  V^'j 

Tyrannicide,  A^\  JiJ  Ml  aaaJm, 
Tyrannize,  r.  Jio  lalam.    Sec  Oppreas. 

Tyranny,  Jfe  ««&»,  j^J^v^9j^J^ 

And  he  loves  jnstioe  and  ecnuty,  and  hite 
tyranny  and  oppression,  and  his  son  is  in  thj 
aij.    HeistheTital8piritofhisheart,aBd^ 

fruit  and  delight  of  his  liver,  l^ 

Tyrant,  «.  jCc^-  jahhdr,  ^\b  sa/«».    I^ 

is  advisable  to  behave  with  disamnUticjac;; 
conaidenition  towazda  this  tyrant,  and  ^t^ 

inevitably  be  overthrown,  ^\ji\  .j^ 

Enow  that  the  &&er  of  thia  ymzn;  bdj  b> 
powefnl  king,  an  impetnons  horsenus,  p* 
traverseth  the  seas  of  the  Boiromiding  nM 
by  night  and  day,  dreading  not  death,  nor  Rc- 
ing  &e  terrors  of  decease,  for  he  is  a  6e^ 
tyrant,  and  an  oppressive  oon^neror;  be  is  «^- 
of  numerons  armies,  reg^iona,  lalands,  citks  b- 

habitations,  l^^\  CL^  W  J  ^' 
yb^  ♦^  ^I3j  (•jU^  j5W  ^J  ^r 
Tyro,  «.  i-Jj  <«^l«.     See  Scholar. 


U. 


XJ  has  three  sounds,  as  in  *  usage,'  ?«'• 
'but.'  The  sound  given  to  « in  *nsaf2 
is  clearly  that  of  a  diphthong.  I^ 
Arabic  orthography  it  maybe  pi^«^ 
(if  short)  by  ^  with  the  warit  ^ 


HUB 


(1058) 


UNA 


damma  (  )  over  it;  if  long,  by  the 
same  syllable  followed  by  a  quiescent 
^ ;  as  in  the  words  ujl.*^  t/ii9^ff  ,jv3^ 
yUndHy  etc.  The  sound  of  ii,  as  in 
'  pall/  is  expressed,  or  is  supplied  by 
the  vowel  point  ^Um0  damma  (  ),  ex- 
pressed  or  understood,  as  c-^  iur^^, 
'  to  be  beaten/  The  short  u  in  but ' 
is,  in  the  same  manner,  expressed  by 
the  vowel  point  ^i^li  fatha  (  ),  as  in 
4.^,^  darah,  to  beat.'  But  as  the 
Yowel  points  are  omitted  in  most  manu- 
scripts, practice  must  be  the  chief  guide, 
biquity,  ^;l^  J^  iSjy^\  alhudUr/l 
kol  makdn. 

gliness,  ZcluJ  hashd^i.     See  Turpti- 
tude,  Loathsomeness, 
gly,  jVr ;  ^iH  ,^t^  iabih  al  mannar. 


Thereupon  she  said,  Sleep  on  thy  night,  and 
mayest  thon  never  wake  again!  I  ahhor 
thee  and  thy  ugly  face;  my  soul  is  weary 
of  thy  company,  I  do  not  know  when  he  will 
take  thy  soul  away,  so  that  I  may  get  rid  of 

thee,  ^  J^  uicJul  ^  crJli  jb  \j\j 
*im  {^J^JmX.  ^  if*^  uuJl^^  ^iuujJlII 


Leer,  ulceration,  «.  ^Ji  karh  (pi.  ^^Ji 

J^ruh),  aLj  J  dunhilah.     See  Sore. 

Lcerous,  ulcered,  ^j|/^  makr&h. 

Ltimate,  ^  1  dkhir.    See  Last. 

Itimately,  \j^\  dkhiran.  See  Finally, 

Xjastly. 

^tramarine,^2Ci!\^^  tS  fl  ^ahr  al  hahr. 

zibrage,  Jlo/t  mtatl.   See  Shady  place ; 

e^Iso    Shadow. — (resentment),    Cy^^n'r 

^hadab, 

nbrageous,  JJJ^  futlll.    See  Shady. 

nbrella,  «.  <U*<^^  «^m«tyaA. 

nbrosity  (shadiness),  Jv  st7/. 


Umpire,  «.  k.^  foa^f^.     See  Mediator, 

Arbitrator. 
Un.  This  negative  and  privative  particle 

is  generally  expressed  by  ^U  mdlaho, 

jtx.  ghayr,  lb  hUd,  a<Xc  ^adam,  /»J  J^ 

^adlm,  as: — 

Unable,  ily  d!l«  mdlaho  kUwat.  See  Im- 
potent, Weak. — But  if  I  he  nnahle  to  perform 
thy  want,  Qod  imposes  not  upon  a  person 
aught  save  that  which  he  is  ahle  to  accomplish, 


l>-  •Lflj  ^  U^r^  ^ 


UusA  'i\  wa3  ^1  cJlio  )U .     He  then 

desired  to  arise  and  go  with  her,  and  to  show 
her  the  place ;  hut  ne  was  unable  to  walk : 
wherefore  she  carried  him  in  her  bosom,  and 
opened  to  him  the  door  of  the  staircase, 
and  conyeyed  him  to  the  top  of  the  palace. 


^^L)aJl: 


<u 


iJ'l:r_, 


J  J 

Unabolished,  Jl\a^  j^  ghayr  muhatial. 

Unacceptable,  J^fA^  ft^c  yhayr  makbul. 

See  Disagreeable. 
Unaccomplished,  ^l^^^  ^Aayr  i(dmi7. 

See  Incomplete. 
Unaccountable,  ^j^\  ^'^a^^  mumtani^ 

ashsharh,  ^UfS^  J;*^W^  mustahll  al 
haydn.  See  Inexplicable,  Odd,  Strange* 

Unaccustomed  (not  habituated),  Jj«^ -^ 
y^yr  mu^wwad,  ^^jlcxl  -»i  yAtfyr 
i^tiyddi.     See  Uncommon. 

Unacknowledged,  ^,jj^jt^  ghayr  mu- 
harrar  hihi. 

Unacquainted  (not  having  familiar  know- 
ledge or  intercourse),  w*  i^Jjc^j^ 

ghayr  muta^ri/ma^;  (not  informed), 
^Jlc  ^ia^  j^  ghayr  mutalla^  ^^^o'l 
,«£L  ^U^t«  mdmaoho  hhahar. 
Unadored,  dy^x^j^  ghayr  ma^nd. 
Unadorned,  ^J^^  yAayr  mutayyan. 


XWB 


( 1054  ) 


TJIfC 


TTnadvised,  Jili  gUja^j^J^  hhtUttai- 
hlr.  See  Imprudent,  ThoaghtlesSyltash. 

TTnaffeoted  (real,nothypocritioal),  ,«*-*>- 
haiikl.    See  Open,  Sincere,  Candid. 

TJnanimoos,  ^jia^  muttafii. 

Unanimously,  jIaj1I\  ^y  htwafh  al  iUi- 
f&h,'^\i\Ai\  ittifiikan, 

TTnanimity,  jUj\  ittifak.    See  Concord. 

Unanswerable,  ^  ^^^  ^  Idjawdh  lah. 

Unappeasable,  ft^ji^  ^^  yarham.  See 
Implacable,  Obdurate. 

Unarmed,  ^****^ -i-c  ghayr  ma%aUah. 

Unasked,  c^^ik^^  ghayr  matluh. 

Unassisted,  jxL*^  j^  ghayr  mtud^. 
See  Unaided. 

Unattainable,  J-asL  J  ftl  ytUahassal. 

Unavailing,  » Jjli  <0  U  mA  hthifdyidah. 
See  Useless.  [wad, 

Unautborised,  ^yty$j^  ghayr  mufaw- 

Unawares  (without  thought),  Jilc  ghdfil. 
See  Inconsiderate,  Thoughtless. — (un- 
expectedly), jJii  ^Jlc  ^M  gha/lah. 
See  Suddenly. 

Unbecoming,    unbefitting,    (ji^y*  ^ 

See  Indecent. 
Unbegotten,  J^y4j^  ghayr  mawlud. 

Unbelief.  See  Infidelity,  Incredulity. — 
To   unbelieve.     See   Disbelieve. — An 

unbeliever,  J  If  kdjir.     See  Infidel. — 

The  blear-eyed  escapes  a  pit  into  which  the 
clear-sighted  falls ;  and  the  ignorant  is  saved 
by  an  expression  which  causes  the  ruin  of  the 
■hrewd  sa^.  The  faithful  finds  difficulty  in 
gaining  his  daily  hread,  while  the  unheliever 
and  the  impious  naye  plenty !  What  art  or  act 
can  a  mortal  contrive  P    Such  are  the  decrees 

of  the  Almighty,  ^  ^jua!^\  Juuuj  jJ 


'.^/^l 

^y^ 


j,M\  »j33  ^^ii\  ^^ 

Unbeseeming.     See  Unbecoming. 
Unbidden.     See   Unasked,    Uninvited; 
Spontaneous.  [vaacu. 

Unbigoted,   ^y^f^  j^  ^^^V  »«^^- 
Unbind,  v.  J>-  hdH.    Sec  Looee. 
Unblameable,  J>-  a-Li  U  mo  ^afayi* 

halt.    See  Innocent. 
Unblemished,  t-^^  db  U  wd  JOi  ^ji^ 
Unblest.     See  Accursed,  Unhappy. 
Unbodied.   See  Incorporeal,  Immaterial 
Unborn,  ^^yj^l  ghayr  mawlnd. 
Unborrowed,  j\ms,jm^j^  ghayr  musta-M. 
Unbound,  J^L*^  tnaMuL    See  Loose- 
Unbound  (as  a  book),  oXsr*^^  giof 
mujaUad.  ^See  Infinite. 

Unbounded,  J^  Jls^  ^  ghayr  mahiid. 
Unboundedly,  ^^  ^  hOd  nthdyat. 
Unbrace,  r.  J^  haU.    See  Loose,  BcUi- 
JJnhred,  L^*i\ij  hild  adab.    Seelll-brec 
Unbribed,  tj^ji^j^^  ghayr  muharUd, 
JJn\>Tidledf\sy0*d^j^  ghayr  madhuL  St€ 

Unrestrained,  Licentious. 
Unbroke,  unbroken,  ^^u^  ^^  gkayi 

mankad.    See  Inviolate. 
Unbuilt,  ^^^^j0S.  ghayr  rnahnl. 
Unburied,  ^y  Jl«^  ghayr  mad/un. 
Unbumt,  j^jS^j^  ghayr  mahrnL 
Unburthen,  v,  J-^se^  Jjj  nmxalal  haml 

Unbutton,  v.  j^jijll^  J>-  hallalasrar. 
Uncalled  (not  invited),  ^^ycfj^  gkagr 

ma^am.  Not  ealled  for  (not  de- 
manded), L^^^j^  ghayr  matM^ 
Uncertain  (not  known),  a^^ju^j^  gktf 
ma^Umy  ^Jas^  j^  ^hayr  wwhaUd. 
See  Donbtfid.— -(unsettled,  iircgnltf;. 
^  ghayr  mu^ayyam,  ks^U  -i 


TJNC 


( 1055 ) 


FNC 


ghayr  9dbit;  (hesitating,  perplexed), 

^l>-  hdyir. 

rncertamt7(  want  of  information),  CXl 

shak,  i^\jj\  iriiydhy  ^L^^^  ihuhhah. 

Uncertainty  of  mind,  ij;^  hayrat. 
'ocbain,  v.j)^jp\  i^Sis  fak  aljan&r. 
'nchaDgeable,  unchanged  (notalterable), 
jJu  \i  hild  taghayyur.     [mutaghayyir. 
Unchanged  (not  altered),  jJc^  j^  ghayr 
rneharitable   (giving  no   alms),   i^.i\c 

^JliJI  ^adlm  (Miodakah,  See  Hard- 
hearted.— (not  benevolent),  ^t}j  radx. 
See  Malevolent.  \jhafakah. 

Fncharitableness,  ^LSiMJf  A^i\s.^adam(uh- 

rncbaritably,  iAsJii  )b  hUa  shafakah, 

rncbaste,  cOjif  j^  ghayr  ^a/lf.  See 
Incontinent,  Lascivious. 

Fnchastity,  i^^  shahwat  See  Incon- 
tinence, Lasciviousness,  Lust. 

Tncbeerfulness,  ^LuJS\  aJu:  ^am  al 

inhisdt.    See  Melancholy.  \iiln. 

Facircumcised,  ^jisr^j^  ghayr  makh- 
rncircumspect,  ij^^oL)  <0  L«  ma  laho  last' 
rat,  JiU  ghafil.   See  Imprudent,  IFn- 
cautious.  [polite. 

Incivil,   (.^*j\  h  hila  adah.     See  Un- 
Incivilized,  loJii  ghalit,  15^^*^  ioahahl, 

m 

See  Rude,  Savage,  Indecent, 
fnclarified,  icA^o^^^  ghayr  mu8affa\ 

fncle,  «.   (father's  brother),    ^    ^am, 

(pi.  /«^Ac  ^mum,  ^Uxl  a^&fn)\    (a 

mother'sbrother),  JU^  ;feAdZ(pl.  Jl^l 

akhwal) .  And  she  addressed  the  Judge  in  these 
terms,  May  God  protect  the  Judge,  maj  he 
never  cease  to  be  the  reconciliator  of  dispu- 
tants: I  am,  my  Lord,  of  the  noblest  origin  and 
of  the  purest  descent,  my  maternal  and  paternal 
ancles  are  the  most  distinguished  of  the  land, 


^y4>£»  ^^99^  ''^J^  J 


Unclean,  uncleanly,^lt^^  ^^yr  ^aAir. 

See  Foul,  Dirty,  Polluted,  Unchaste, 

Sinful. 
Undipped,  ^Jbl^j^  ghayr  makiu^ 
Unclose,  r.  ^i  fatah.      See  Open. 
Uncoined,  CS^x^^j^  ghayr  maskiik. 
Uncollected,  cjajb^j^  ghayr  majmiJL^» 
Uncoloured,  ,^^j^  ghayr  mtdawwan. 

Uncomeliness,   JL«^1  /*iXx  ^adam  al 
jamdl. 

Uncomfortable,  fJyJ^j*e>  ghayr  makbnl, 
fj3\yj^  ghayr  muwdfik. 

Uncommon,  ^j\j  nddir,  fy^^^j*^^  nadir 
al  umku^.  See  Extraordinary,  Bare, 
Singular. — An  uncommon  thing,  yi jU 
nadirah  (pi.  jjly  nawddir). 

Uncompact,  i^^j^j^  ghayr  murakkah. 

Uncompelled,  ^ysLtj^  ghayr  muUazim, 
See  Unforced.  [ghayr  mukhlilt. 

Uncompounded  (not  mixed),  tJisr* -^£ 

Uncompressed,  j^^o^^  «ji  ghayr  mahsHr. 
See  Uncompact.  [compreheDsible. 

Unconceivable,  Inconceivable.     See  In- 

Unconcem,  unconcemedness,  unconcern- 
ment  (coldness,  unfeelingncss),    a^Xc 

^j*»ji  ^  ^adam  al  hast.    See  Indifference, 
—(negligence),  JUibi  ihmdl 

Unconcerned  (cold,  unfeeling),  J,lj  hdrid. 
See  Indifferent. 

Unconcernedly  (unfeelingly,  coldly), 
ijjji  JCj  hikol  huradat. 

Unconnected  (not  joined),  t_ijU»^^ 
ghayr  maM/;  (not  connected  by  so- 
ciety, partnership,  etc.),  CJ/x. 
ghayr  mushtarak. 

Unconscious  (senseless),  J^JI^  t.^3U 
ghdih  ^n  fd  wuj'Hd;  (not  knomng), 
^  •*£;-  i  Id  khahar  lahu.     And  when 


xjin) 


( 1066  ) 


mm 


he  taw  her,  he  became  imoonscioiu  of  his  exist- 
ence*  and  the  fire  was  kindled  iu  his  TiUla,  and 

he  retarned  to  his  house,  c^UU]^  Uii 

TJncoYer,  v.  c-Q^jT  Juuhaf. 
Uncreated,  Jjli^^  ghayr  makhJuk. 
TJncropped,  cJiaJL^j^  ghayr  mdktiL^. 

Unction,  ^***^  nuuhy  ^^J  dahn. 
Unculpable,    v.^JJiIL«    m&laho   %anb. 

See  Blameless. 
Uncultivated  (as  a  country),  jyuL^j^ 
ghayr  tna^mUr;  ^]/>^  khardh,  ^^ 
thdh;  (not  civilized  or  instructed), 
^Xc^y^i  ghagr  mutamaddin.  See 
Rude.  [hahil  tuhahaja. 

Uncurable,  incurable,  liuJl  J^l5^yA«yr 
Uncurrent,  i^J^  jt^  ghayr  jdrl, 
UDCttt,  ^^oi^ j^  ghagr  maJcH^ 

Undamaged,  j^^^io^y^  ghayr  madrHr. 

Undaunted,  S*Us^  ^..^^-l^  tdhibjaraat. 
See  Brave,  Bold,  Intrepid,  Courageous. 

Undauntedly,  i*\^  J^  hikoljaraat, 

Undeceivable,  ^ycj  J  Id  yunghar.  See 
Sagacious. 

Undeceived,  j^yU^-x  ghayr  maghrHr, 

Undecided,  c  jbL^j^  ghayr  maktu^. 

Undecisive,  ^15^^  ghayr  kdti^. 

Undefaced  (not  ruined),  l^^j.^  j^ 
ghayr  makhrnh. 

Undefeasible,  indefeasible  (not  to  be  an- 
nulled), J^J  D  Id  ydbtdl. 

Undefined,  ^%jJL^j^  ghayr  mashmh. 

Undefinable,  ^^^^\  (Jj\jj^  ghayr  kd- 

III  atta^f. 
Undeformed,^la:-*J\  ij^j^  ghayr  karih 

al  mantarf  SjyA\  ,^^j^  ghayr  kdblh 

assUrah.     See  Handicraft. 
Undelighted,  j^y*s^j^  ghayr  masrHr. 


VndemoMied^L^^jS^j^ghayrmiikhi 

Undeniable, j^li^y-iyAflfrfwato.  S« 
Clear,  Evident. 

Undeniably.     See  Clearly. 

Undeplored.     See  Unbewailed. 

Undepraved,  JyJu^j^  ghayr  mafni. 

Undeprived,  mJ^SCj^  ghayr  ^arfto. 

Under  (beneath),  tr^-o^  iaht.  Ib!: 
under,  LS.-oBr^^  win  taht  Fiw 
under  him,  Iz^  ^^  ««  ^^' 
Under  the  castle,  ^t«iiJ\  \z^  <«ii  • 
iWcflA.  Under  age,  jJb^  ^k- 
Idligh.  Under  (lower,  inferior,  suKr 
dinate),  Ji-^  «*/«/.  Under  the  dai 
of,  ^j  b  litafikk. 

Underdo,  r.  (do  less  than  one  ought- 
can),  j^aAi  J-#x  ^amai  takiir. 

Undergo,  v,  jlasT  iahammalyjf^  f^^ 
See  Suffer. 

Underground,  fjo^\  t^^s^  tahialri 

Underhand,  ^JtA:^^,   hU  makhfi.  ^ 

Clandestine,  Clandestinely. 
Underline,  v.  (draw  lines  under  wff-- 

taht  al  kaidm. 
Undermine,  r.  ^  k^Jo  naJuh  h§^ 

Underneath,  ijL^^^iaht. 
Underplot,  «.    Jlst^j^Sj  taibirm^: 

Underprize,  under-rate,  €.     See  Tn^ 

value. 
Understand,  v.  m,^  fehem,  t!/ijl  «**'*" 

See  Comprehend,  Conceive,  Percr." 
Understanding  (intellectual powers},  ^-^ 

cakl,  f^fahm  (pi.  /^p\  of  haw),  C^  ; 

fdrdk,  ^J^\  f^\  al  kuwaidmfi- 

kat,  Jlc  ^ilm,  iJai  fitfuU.    SceSc- 

Intelligence,  Knowledge. 


TJND 


( 1057  ) 


UNE 


derstoody  &y^  ma/hum,  cJjjJ^ 
^tadr^k,  uJj|yi^  ma^nf^  (*J^  '^t* 
um,  J^A«^  ma^hul.  See  Intelligible, 
dertake,  «.  (assnme  any  bmdnessy  set 
.bout  anything),  _U  ^  ^oieim  ^M^ 

^^f  /t,  Ju35  huad.  See  Attempt,  Try, 
Venture,  Hazard. — (to  promise  or  en- 
gage one's  word  for  anything),  JkCj 
va^t  fjKj  takaffal,  ^^jA^  iadamman, 
s^  ta^had.  To  undertake  a  journey, 
AaJI   i^^  a^  ^asam  ^aW  auafar, 

^^  tawajjah. 

idertaken,  undertook,  <U^L^  mubd- 
thar  hihi,  &  ^j^^  maahrU^ 
idertaker,  b.jJ^L^  muhdshir. 
idertaking,  s.  ^jl^  m^,  2r^L^  mt^d- 
iharahf    ^Js,   ^tasm;    (work),    aL«U/« 
nu^malah. 

idervalae,9.(tode8pise),^^Ai»-)  ihtakar, 
^\jb\ahan,  ^c^aJs  ^^^  nakhaslAmataho. 
lee  Despise,  Contemn,  Underprize, 
denralue   (to  put  at  a  low  price), 
Jo^^  fj^  ^J^  tamman  toman  wdtf. 
iderwnte,  r.  v:;..^air  y— ^"iS  katah  tahi. 

m 

idescribed,  t^yay  j^  ghayr  maw9iif, 

m 

deserved,  jp<u»^^;jx  ghayr  mwtahik, 
^^^fuM^j^  ghayr  mustawjtb. 
deservedly,  jlLs^l  lb  hila  utihkdk. 
deserving,  JJill^  ghayr  Idyik. 
designed,  undesigning  (not  intended), 
)yaA^j^  ghayr  maksUd, 
designing  (open, without  firaud),  JfoU 
ddik.    See  Sincere, 
desired,  i^yZj^j^  ghayr  marghuh, 
desiring,   s^^r\j  j^  ghayr  rdghib, 
•ee  Indifferent,  Careless, 
destroyed,  i^^jss^j^  ghayrmakhrub. 
ndestruotibley  ^^f^J^  Id  yukhrab. 


Undeterminableyi  jJbJ!  ^:.:u^  mumtant^ 
aUdkdlr,  Jjd^l  JjU^  ghayr  kdbil 
attahiid, 

irndeterminate,undet6rmined(unsettled), 
f^:^\ij^  ghayr  sdbit. 

Undetermined  (irresolute),  ti^isjut  j^ 
(^  ghayr  mu^mid  ^ala' ;  (irresolu- 
tion), f^\j  ^Jlc  jUcx^t  /^JkC  ^adam  ai 
i^timdd  ^M  rdy. 

Undigested  (as  meat),  j,>n(\^j^  ghayr 

mtmhadm;  (not  arranged),  f^^k^j^ 

ghayr  man»Um. 
Undiminished,  JSS^j^  ghayr  fniikallal. 
Undirected  (notordered),  J^j^j^  ghayr 

marahad;  (not  regulated),  y^j^j^L 

ghayr  murattab, 
Undisoemible,  j^la:!,^  j*i  ghayr  mamHr. 

See  Invisible.  [^ghayr.  maMHr. 

Undiscemibly,  j^eii^j^^^yj  binaw^in 

Undisciplined,^-^  J^^^  ghayr  muaddah. 
Undiscoverable,  i^JLJA  Id  yukahaf. 
Undiscovered,  f^ylS^j^  ghayr  makahuf, 
Undisjointed,  m]n^\^j^  ghayr  munkati^. 

Undoubted,  ijjj^  <UiU  mdflhi  shak.  See 

Unquestionable. 
Undulate,  v,  »^y^  tamawwqf. 
Undulation,  2^.^^  tamawwuj. 
Uneasiness,  i^\^\  ittirdb.  See  Trouble, 

Perplexity,  Pain,  Vexation. 
Uneasy,  c^-^^Lo^  0ttf/tori^.  SeePainfol, 

Vexed,  Peevish.  [Udthab. 

Uneligible,  ineligible,  ^^^Aeuj  1  Id  yun- 
Unemployed,  JxJ^  <dU  mdlaho  shagM. 
Unengaged  (free,  not  impropriated),  U 

^m\  rCxI  L«  A»>i  md  ahhadmdlik  ^atayhi. 
Unenjoyed    (not    possessed),     4X»-\  U 

^  uJpd&^  md  ahhad  mutoMrrtf  bihi, 
j^  ghayr  mukiana*. 

^j-zJLtj^  ghayr  mutkkml. 

67 


xnsv 


(1058) 


XJNG 


UneoligbtenediUI^^^  ghayrmunawwar. 
TJnenlarged,  iju«fj)\  w«Xc  ^odlmalufM^t. 

Unenvied,  i^y^ss^j^s,  ghayr  mahsHd. 
Unequalledy^JaJ  ^  U  mdlaho  na%ir,j^  S 

a!  ^  MMlr  laho.    See  Unparalleled. 
ITDeqaally,  ^  f«^)  ^9  y*;  Mun^^tii  2^ 

ffoslr  ^^.  [Partial. 

Unequitable,  inequitable.    See  Unjust, 
UnequiTocal,  j^^^j^  ghagr  mubham. 

Unerring  (committing  no  mistake),  U 
kli  a:m«  fj^\>^  md  hdiS  minhighalat; 
(certain,  infallible),  ^jAs:^  muhaUak, 
^^wij  yaJHnl.  [iaho  wold  ghalat. 

Unerringly,  Lli  i^  ^^/rf^  ^  ^^f*  ^^f* 
Unessential  (not  important),  f^i^jn^  ghayr 

muAim,  \^J^j>'ji^  ghayr  jawhofi. 
Uneven,  ^^^y^U  mdAii  Mi^a'.     See 

Unequal. 
Unexamined,  ^^s?^j^  ghayr  nut/hns. 
Unexampled,  J^  ^U  mdlaho  tnasil 
Unexceptionable,  _Im«:xmj)  2c2  yusta9na\ 

Unexemplified,  JlSi^lb-jiyL^^y^yr 

mofArflA  htlanu&l, 
Unexempt,  unexempted,  ^  uJU^^;^ 

ghayr  mu^dfmin. 
Unexpended,  ]oyM^j^  ghayr  mabs^L 

Unexpected,  ^^ji^j^  ghayr  mutarrak- 

hah.     See  Sudden. 
Unexplored.  See  Unexamined,  Unknown. 
Unextended,  )eyu^j^  ghayr  mabtilLt* 
Unextinguisbed,  ^J^a:»^j^  ghayr  mun" 

tafi.    See  Unquencb'able. 
UnfaithAil,  ^^  khdyin.  See  Perfidious. 
Unfamiliar.    See  Uncommon,  UnusuaL 
Unfasbionable,    unfashionably,     uJl>. 

jI^jmII  khildf  dl  mu^tdd,  iSsi[A\  Ju? 

did  al  kd^idah, 
Unfatigued,  t^yc^^  ghayr  mahiSih. 
UnikYourable,  Ji^^^  ghayr  muwdfik. 


Unfed,  t^^JU9j^  ghayr  tns^luf. 
Unfeeling,  M^jii  Id  ymrham,    SeeTt- 

moved,  Insensible,  Inhuman.  [Beal 
Unfeigned,  J«>li0  MddiL  See  Siseerp 
Unfeignedly,    sXAj^j^  ^^  min  gkajr 

murdydh, 
Unfelt,  (j^yu^^j^  ^hayr  wtmhgiL 
Unfermented,  jAsJt^j^   ghayr  ■att- 

iamir. 
Unfilled,  ^Isjk^j^  ghayr  mumtall. 

Unfinished,  J^IS^  ght^  hdmU.  Sf- 
Incomplete.  [a^ 

Unfit,  unfitting,  i^'JI^'^^^j^  ghayr m* 

Unfold,  V.  (open,  spread  out),  LmJ  kr. 
See  Expand. — (to  tell,  reveal),  ^-^i- 
hhahhar.  See  Dedaie,I>iacover JK^j. 

Unforbidden,  c^a^^j^  ghayr 

Unforced    (not    compelled), 
ghayr  majhur.   See  Yolnntary. 

Unforeseen,  \JLajjfa:^j^  ghayr  mmsir 
salafan. 

Unforgotten,  j^it^j^  shayr  wughfir- 

Unforgiving,  M:>^j^jjijui  Id  yi^hjnetls 

yarham.    See  Belentleas,  Implacablt'. 
Unforsaken,  Ci^^^^  ghayr  wiairil 
Unfortified,  ^j^a^:^j^  ghayr  amhsan 

See  Weak.  l{j^y^  ■•«***• 

Unfortunate,  t^ytus^j^  ghayr  moiiti 
Unfirequent,  infrequent,  c  y^\ji}\j  naif 

al  uHika^.  ImMki 

Unfriendliness,   ^lI«:^1  i*«xc  todsi  <■ 

.     'i         * 
Unfriendly,  ila^\  ^Ac  ^aA»  si  ••• 

habhaL     See  Unkind. 
Unfrozen,  J^^^x^j^  ghayr  wm^saii 
Ungathered,  zy^s^j^  ghayr  majmi 
Ungenial,  hu^\  ^j!ii>^  thOaf^M^^ 
i^jtJiS  Ji'^^  ghayr  mmtift  ^ 
moihrah.  [Bogg^ 

Ungentle,  laJii  y^rfFs.  SeeHanbiBiBk' 


TJNI 


(  1059  ) 


jjm 


^ntleneas,  4i\^l  aJlc  todam  aaa- 

l/at. 

^ntlemanly,   nngentlemanlike, 

l^  j^y^j  didd  ruiUm  at  aJt&dir. 


^cometricftl,  dLiJC^t  ii)t^^^  ^  ^^ 
iwdnin  al  handaaah. 
^ly,  j\00j^  ghaifr  sdlih,  ^l^  Mfir, 
j;iL/«  mundfik.     See  Impious, 
godliness,  v/^^  (•«X&  ^adamattahwa\ 
\^\  Ai^fi  ^adam  atsaldhfjiS  kufr. 

rovernable,  Sa«ji\  ^jj\3y^ ghaifr idhU 

iddbL    See  Licentious,  Unruly,  Wild, 
graceful,  f^J^j^  ghayr  latlf, 
^cions,  Jh>»Vj  fd»%ky  jil:^  munafik, 
fk»^\jfdhi$h*    See  Wicked,  Impious. 
2prateful,  lijil  aJ  «X£  ^adim  al  wafd^Ji^ 

«jtJ1  JUifiranni^mat.  See  Ingratitude, 
j^rded,  JiU  ^Ad/!/.  See  Imprudent 
landsome.  See  Ungraoeful;  Disin- 
Dnuons^  Illiberal. 

lappy,  JuJUiij^yAayr  aa^d^  ^^^£CU« 
nnhua,  K^^*na  '>  ^Vt  md  laho  na$ih, 
DO  TJn&rtunate,  Distressed,  If  iserable, 
JTretched,  Calamitous. 

lealtbful,  lsf^\  ^ji\yj^  ghayr  mu- 
djik  andhhat.     See  Unwholesome, 
lealthy,  A^Mujsrl  s^Jum  da^f  oL  jUm, 
>e  Sickly. 

leard  (not  beard  by  tbe  ear),  j^ 
y4*M.^  ghayr  matrnH^,     Unheard  of 

tbscure,  unknown),.  ^^Aa«  y*£  ghayr 
a^dm;  (unprecedented),  w«4mJ1  UU 
it  md  imama^. 

lonoured,  m^j^I.  ghayr  mukarram, 
lurt,  j^j0A^j^  ghayr  madrHr. 
inrtfultj^d^j^  ghayr  mudirr, 
form,  ^j\a^  mukdrtn,  Jl^  misl.    See 
iko,  Equal,  Similar, 
formity,  ^jU^  mukdranaL 


Uniformly,  ^^1  ^Lc  ^aU  assawiyat. 
Unimaginable,  jj^^ac^f  ,.a^  ghayr  muta- 


sawwar. 


Unimportant  (of  small  importance),  ^ 
Af«  ghayr  muhxmm\   (not   assuming 

pompous  9m\jM^  jtx-  ghayr  muto' 

kdbhir. 
Unimprovable,  ,^^\  c^U^^  g^^  ^- 

hH  tUtoBlih, 
Unimproved,  as  a  country  or  estate,  j^ 

jf^»^  ghayr  ma^Ur,   Unimproved'  by 

instruction,  Jji^^^  ghayr  mu^aUam. 

Unindifferent,  partial,  ^Jf^  mughrtd. 
Uninhabited,  ^^Lm^^^c  ghayr  nuukun. 
Uninscribed,  L^fL^j^x,  ghayr  maktfkb. 
Unintelligible,  cJtj  jSt  ^J^^^<4>^  j^  ghayr 
mumkin  al  idrdk.  [tmkdn  alfihm. 

Unintelligibility,  ^\  ^lC«f  /» Jo:  ^adam 

Uninterested  (having  no  interest  or  parti- 
cipation), A«d>.  ^  t«  md  laho  hitsah, 

Unintermitted,  uninterrupted,  c  ^La/*^^ 
ghayr  maktu^, 

lJmon,j\s?Uuihdd,j[sd\  t«i/d*,^U:^\ 

ytimd^,  J^^  tTMd/.  See  Unity,  Junc- 
tion.— ^And  do  thou  take  care  not  to  quit  tht 
garden,  for  probablj,  if  she  behold  thj 
handfiomeneflB  and  beauty,  her  heart  will  bo 
captivated  by  thy  love,  since  love  is  tha 
most  powerful  means  of  effecting  a  union, 

U^  •  ■"  ;  H  jj^'i  *^'  ^  U^j^^^ 

cUa>-  HI  Ci^L^il .     GK)d  guard  a  face 

that  is  veiled  with  loTeliness  I  The  foil  moon 
is  its  sUto,  and  the  stars  are  its  seirants.  In 
beauty  X  have  never  beheld  her  equal ;  and 
from  her  motions  the  branches  might  learn 
how  to  wave.  I  beg,  without  imposing  trouble 
on  you,  thst  vou  will  pay  us  a  visit,  to 
which  wo  attach  the  gveatest  value.  I  give 
you  ftiy  soul,  perhaps  you  will  accept  it ;  for 
to  me  union  will  be  Faradise,  and  aversion 

wiU  be  hell,  JUJU  'L^^  i^^\  Uj 


TJNI 


(1060) 


TJKL 


♦^  A^"  v/**^  ^5^A^  (^  «ju^y>  jJm^ 
"» I»;i4:^  4;>^judl|^  jIfiL  J«0jjt  ^«    0 

how  sweet  are  the  nif hts  of  the  Adfdment  of 
promue,  when  the  beloyed  ib  just  to  me,  and 
when  we  are  uninterraptedly  united,  and  an 
end  is  put  to  onr  estrangement,  and  ibrtnne 
Cometh  with  fiiToun  to  ns,  after  taming  away 
from  ns  in  ayersion !  Prosperity  hath  set  up 
her  standards  for  us,  and  we  have  drank  from 
her  hand  a  cap  of  pleasure ;  and  we  have  met, 
and  complained  to  each  other  of  sorrow,  and 
of  ni^hti  during  whidi  we  hare  suffered  op- 
pression; hut  now  we  have  forgotten  our 
griefs,  0  my  sustress;  and  may  the  Com- 
passionate pardon  what  is  past !  How  delight- 
lul  is  life,  and  how  sweet  is  it !  Union  hath 

increased  my  pasaion,  <^^  Ui>-t  U 

♦UJb  u:..,-aA;  c^Ll^  *  ^\  LiUjj 

*  Mkti  i\  J«0j]1  ci  J^ .  Happiness  hath 

come,  dispelling  care  and  grief.  We  are 
united,  and  have  mortified  our  eniiers.  The 
fragrant  zephjrr  of  union  hath  Mown,  and 
revived  the  heart  and  the  bowels  and  the 
body.  And  the  beauty  of  delight  hath  appeared 
with  perfumes,  and  our  drums  of  glad  tidings 
have  Deen  beaten  in  the  four  quarters  of  the 
horizon.  Do  not  imagine  that  we  are  weep- 
ing from  grief,  for  it  is  from  joy  that  our  tears 
have  flowed.  How  many  terrors  have  we  seen.! 
but  they  have  parsed ;  and  we  have  borne 
with  patience  that  which  roused  up  angui^ 
One  hour  of  union  hath  made  me  forget 
what  rendered  us  grey  from  excess  of  terror, 


A. 


•  Lju«' 


Jl3^« 


i. 

I." 


^H 


Jl^ll  ^  \^\j  pli 

Unit,  «.  J^  faHL     See  One. 
Unite,  V.  (c«ue  to  join  or  agree',  ^ 

uHual;  (to  join«  be  joined  4rooAbw 

Jcirt  iHakad,  ^jjlL%J^  mkr  m«^ 
United,  sJ^  mvUMd,  jic^  pv^ 

See  Joined.  [iUikd 

Unitedly,  jUrt^  ^^^  ^'  c^)^*" 
Unity  (the  state  ef  being  one),  Jo^*. 

tawMd,Lj\s>--^wakddniy^.  SeeUc:.: 
Universal,  i^^  ^urnfiaa,  ^  ^«« 

J[^  ibM. '  See  General,  Totil,¥U 

Universality,  i*^  ^umAm, 

See  Whole,  TotaL 
Universally,  iSiWj  M 
^umilmaH,d\jksr\j  Mjtanlak,  ii^  ^- 
^Amatan  kdfatan.  Bee  GenenET- 
Universally  advantageous,  ^'^  w 

^atnim  anna/^,  4JLJ^j2\  ^  -mom* 

harakdt 
Universe, «.  Li  jJt  addunyd,  Jls!1  al.^ 
University,  <.  i^x^madmaJi 
Unjust,  J JuJI  c-Jir^  kh$ld/al.aL  y. 

Iniquitous,  Oppressive. 
Unj  ustly ,  fjD^j^  ^^  mm  ghfr  M 
Unjustifiable,  ^2r^]l  lA  fuUOtmr,  > 

Inexcusable. 
Unkind,  ^\^  J^!  ^.xc  ^at^tud^'j^ 

tfo^  iarmn.     See  ICaHgnast 
Unknown,  J^f^  tm^lM, 
Unlaid  (not  placed  or  fixed),  9f}*f' 

Unlawful,  ^\  c-JlL;^  hkit&fM^ 
Unlawfully,  ^^^  hO&Jm^ 


J 


vhi 


(1061  > 


UNP 


lawfnlneBS,  j;s)lcJlU-  hhUsfalhdk, 
,  jJliS  aJlc  ^adam  askihar^,     Seelni- 

luity,  InJQBtice. 

learned,  unlettered^  imlessone^  ^^ 

J  If  ffTiajfr  ^pUnu     See  Ignorant. 

less,  )t  tOa^Vi^  wa  iHd,  HjS  iamld,  J^\ 

n  lam. 

leyelledy.  i^y^^K^  md  h&  mwa\ 

like  (disBimilar),  ^\jL^j^  ghayr 

laahdhik,  jj\m^  maghAffw,   uJlc^*^ 

lukhtdlif, 

likeness,  JlIjLmJI  auXs.  ^adam  al  mfi- 

idioliU,  i^[mAi\  i%«Xc  ^adam  al  mu- 

hdhahat, 

limited,  J^Jlc^^^  ghaifr  nahdud. 

lee  ITnboiinded,  Undefined. 

link,  V,  See  Untwist,  Open.      [Opexh 

lock,  V.  Jifi!1  ^  fatah  al  hufi.    See 

looked,  nnlooked  £<»:.  SeeUnes^ected. 
loose,  V,  (Jft-  hal.     See  Loose. — (to 
K3Come  loose),  J^ls^jL^  «dr  tnahliU. 
manageable,  jU:j  1  Id  yaniksd. 
married,  ^^yt.j^  gha/yr  tnmawwaf, 
meaning,  ^V^i^  ^^  malaho  mo^W. 
meant  (not  intended),  jyoA^j^  yhayr 
laksud.  [See  Unripe, 

mellowed,  i^^jm^ j^^  ghayr  mustawl. 
melted,  i^^^\ii  j^  ghayr  ddyih, 
mercifal,X4».^\  j^Ss^adlmarrahmat 

mercifully,  lA^^^yh  hild  marhamat, 
mercifulness,  ^aamJI  /%«Xe  ^adam  <Mh' 

hafahat.  See  Cruelty,  Inhumanity, 
mindful,  JilcyAo^.  See  Inattentiye. 
niingled,unmixed,  (^l^  »dfl.  See  Pure, 
mortgaged,.  ^yb^^Afi  ghayr  marhun, 
moved  (from  one  place  to  another), 
l/j^^  j^  ghayr  mutaharrtk;  (not 
ffected  by  anger  or  violent  passion), 
J\j  Sj  J«0l».  U  md  haul  Uhi  id^r* 


Unnamed;  _.«iM/»^  ghayr  musamnu^. 
Unnatural  (against  nature),  ^^^f^  j^ 

m 

ghayr  tah%^.    See  Preternatural. 
Unnaturally,  dtuAJi\  (J^^y^  ^  ^fj^ 

hi  naw^n  ghayr  muwdjik  aUabUat 
Unneoessary,  %4jyjijT^  ghayr  dwruri. 

See  Useless.  [dururai. 

Unneoesaarinese,  iji^^  /««^  ^adatn  ad- 
Unnumbered,  J^«x«^ j^  ghayr  na^dod. 

See  Numbedess. 
Unobeyed,  ^Ik^^^  ghayr  mutd^ 

Unobjected,  d^j\x^  l)\^md  hihi  mu^ 

radah. 
Unobservant,  unobserving,  unobsequious, 

^}\  i^  mScX  ^  tg^  ghayr  multaJU  ila\ 
Unobserved,    unnoted,    unnoticed, 

)ff^^  ghayr  malkOM. 
Unobstructed^  Jt^Au^j^  ghayr  moidud. 
Unobtained,  ^JJas^^^  ghayr  muhawU. 
Unoffered,  A«VL«^«i  ghayr  tMikaddam. 
Unoperative,  inoperative,  ^  ^ulxli)  la 

fd^yat  laho.  [burden. 

Unpack,,  v.  tl^fatt.     See  Loose,  Dis- 
Unpaid,  ^  ^d^j^  ghayr  madfii^ 
Unpardonable,  ^jjJ^}\  ^^  't^fa^t.^j^ 

ghayr  mwiawfih  al  ghufrdn. 
Unparted,  ^^jLty^  ghayr  mafrnk.   See 

Unseparated. 
Unpeaeeable,   J^\  c,.>^ffcjl  Id  yahib  al 

adh.    See  QnairelBome,  Turbulent. 
Unperceived,  j^ai^  j^  ghayr  fnan»ilr. 
Unperishable,  imperishable,    Jj^ij^.^ 

ghayr  tdyU,  d\sji^  ghayr  fiM. 
Unperplexed  (uaentangled),  ^y^*^j^ 

ghayr  muthawwash ;  (not  perplexed  in 

mind),  L^Ja^d^  ^  ghayr  muitarth 
Unphilosophioal,  iuL^\  uJlcw  khildf  al 

hikmat,  ^iuuliSl  «>««  didd  alfahifaL 
Unpierced,  c^yi^  y^  ghayr  ma^inb. 


U5P 


(1063) 


Vnpitifiilly,  iHZlt  Ma  AafO^.    See  ' 
UnmerafiiDj* 

UnploBted,  C^iA*  J^  ^^^  My iri«. 

Unp1riiiiMiit(iiot agreeable  to  thelwJingB), 

Unpleaaed,  j^j^m^j^  $hafr  aMirfir,^^ 

^\j  ^%r  ftf*.  I 

Unpleaaipg,  ^j^j^ghofr  mmriU   See  . 

Unpleaaanty  Bi^gnatuig,  OiEensiTe. 
UDpolisbed,  ^\yLa^j^ S^^W  mu1«2.      j 
TlDpolite,  U  Md.  [See  Uodefiled.  i 

UopoUnted,  \li^  j^  fha^  malk&k. 
IJopracticabley  impncticaUe,  ^Uful  2a 

TJnpraiaed,  ^^Sa^j^  gha^  mamdah. 
TTnprecarioiUy  c^U  9dbU.    See  Inde- 
pendent, Fixed,  Certain.  | 
Unpiejudioed,    ^^1    JU^  ikdli  al 

gkatHidiydk.    See  Impartial. 
Unpiepaied,  Jueuub^^  ghoffr  muitaJd. 
UninvpoBseased.    See  Unprejadiced. 
Unpieased  (not  sqaeezed), 

ghdyr  ma^r. 
Unpretending,  uapreauming, 

ghaifr  muiakabhir.    See  ICodeat. 
Unprerented,  ^^^a^j^^  ghagr  mamnH^. 

Unprized  (not  yalaed),  iuJ^tt  malaho 
klmai.  [ndda'  hihi. 

Unproclaimed,  li  ^^JL«^  ghayr  mu- 

Unprofitable,  Jui•^y^lyr«lte/1i.  See 
Useless. 

Unprofitableness,  ifJjU!\  mAc^  ^adam  al 

fdyidah.  See  Uselessness. 
Unprofitably,  ^rJuUlb  hUaf&ytdah. 
Unpropitions,  «X5Um^^  ghiyr  mua^ai. 
Unpropped,  J^wum^^^  ghagr  mamUd. 
Unprosperous.     See  Unfortunate. 
Unproved^    cj^^-^I^^p^  ghoffr  musbut, 


Uopiiblialiea,  j^^L^j^  fisyr  witt^ 

UnquestiaDdile^  ^  <>lr^'^  '^  K"^ 

hOd. 
Uoq[ii£8lkoaUj,  JUjU^jU  j^^.i. 


Unq[iieBtianed,  ^\y»^j^9iv^^ 

Umsrd,  9.  (diaenUi^),  JC^  J 
ib0<f«MtUdL     See  I>isaig^  11 


Unreal*  ^Lirw^  yAayr 
Unreasonable  (immodente),  «J-^I 

UnieasonableBeaB  (immodoratoies,  «j 

J1  Jul  ^a<2ai  t^<«2a;.   Uiott^^i 

ness  in  demands,  an  nnressofisb  i 

mand,  i^\^yiji.,,.^^UiUihmA 

Unreasonably,  i^Liil  L  ^iZs  iws/. 

UnreoeiTed,  ^yJ^j^  ghayr  md^ii 

Unreclaimed.     See  Unraformei 

Unrecoonted,  d^^^/.s:^j^ghiir^' 

Unrednced,  i^^j^  ghtgr  m^"^ 
Unreformed,  J^'^j^  ghayr  iw*- 
UnrelieTed    (nnassisted),    \^f^ 

ghayr  mas^f,  [w&jH  d  w^ 
Unremarkable,idarJUJlc5.^l;;rr' 
UnrepentingjTinrepentant,  ^'i^jrr 

nddm. 
Unreplenished,  ^^^^j^^j^ghayr^^ 

Unrepugnant, ^lU^  ghayr  m^r 

^^L^^«i  ghayr  mundiid, 
Unreputable,  disreputable,  Jt*>  J,^ 
Unrequested,  l^^^j^  ghayr  9i^' 
Uiu^esented.  See  Unrevraged. 
Unreserved    (open,   frank),  (—^ 

L..Ji!\  mahh&fal  halh. 
Unreservedness(franknefi8),  jfi*>  *^*^ 


TINS 


( 1063 ) 


TINT 


ireservedly,  ^L^\  J^  hikol  OMOs. 
iresisted,  (^^^SsJ  1  Id  yatak&wam. 
iresolvable  (impoaaible  to  be  resolved 
9r  explained),  ^j^  )l  Ui  yamhrih. 
aresolved  (not  solved  or  explained), 
r^j^jt^-  ghayr  snMhmh. 
arestored,  ^aryv^j^i  yhayr  murtafi^. 
arestrained  (not  hindered  or  confined), 
ia.^  ij  hild  daht.     See  Licentious, 
Loose.  —  (not    limited),    J 
yhayr  wuMnd, 
arevealed,  i^iyni^j^  ghayr  makshuf. 
nreversed  (not  turned  upside  down), 
im^^A^j^  ghayr  maJUHLh. 
are  warded,  ^^IC«^^  ghayr  mukdfa\ 
nrighteous,  ^U-  kh&tl.    See  Unjust, 
Sinful,  Wretched. 

nrighteousness,  JLA\  AJk£  ^adamaua^ 
Idh,   See  Wickedness,  Injustice. 

nrivalled  (without  a  rival),  J^tXc  a!U 

mdlaho   ^ikl\    (having  no  peer  or 

equal),  i^^^  X  Id  nasAr  laho. 

Qsalted,  ^Uy^  ghayr  mdlih. 

osatisfactory,  unsatisfying, 

ghayr  tnurdl. 

usatisfied  (not  contented  or  pleased), 

asavory,  ijj  4IU  mdlaho  laaat    See 

Tasteless,  Insipid,  Fetid. 

iseal,  «.  (open  anything  sealed) 

^•:iLfB)l  fdkk  al  khatm, 

[isealed  (without  a  seal),  (»^s^  ^U 

mdhu  makhtHm. 

Qseasonable,  isi^j^^Xf^  ghayr  waktM. 

aseen,  j^o^  jfS.  ghayr  mofisur.     See 

Invisible. 

isent,  f^j^jfX.  ghayr  munal. 

iseparated,  ^i^jn^  ghayr  ma/ruk. 


*v. 


Unserviceable,   sJu^j^a  ghayr  mufld. 

See  Useless. 
Unsettled,  cuoU  j^  ghayr  idhit.    See 

Uncertain,  Unstaid,  Unsteady. 
Unsettledness,  c:^L^\  a J^  ^addam  osm- 

bdt   See  Inconstancy,  Irresolution. 
Unshakable,  CSj^^  Id  yataharrak. 
Unshaken,  uushook  (not  moved  or  agi- 
tated), JjijpjJ  IdyatoMkal, 
Unsound  (sickly),  ^}^J^  fna^ah 
Unsown,  ^jytjfS.  ghayr  maarn^ 

Unspecified,  i^yoy  j^  ghayr  mawHtf, 
jf^  ja^  ghayr  nuakHr.  See  Un- 
mentioned. 

Unspent,  v^^jo^j^  ghayr  nunrnf. 

Unstable,  cu^U^^  ghayr  idhit. 

Unstopped  (not  closed,  meeting  no  ob- 
struction), J^Jum^^^  ghayr  masdud, 
Q^^A^j^  ghayr  mamnH^, 

Unstruck(notstruckor  beat),  L^jj^d^j^ 

ghayr  madrnb.  [meditated. 

Unstudied,  ^£vX;  hadlhh    See  Unpre- 

Unsubdued,  c^^LU^^  ghayr  maghl^. 
Unsuccessful,  ^\jj^ ghayrndjih. 
Unsuccessfully,  ^laT  ^^o  ^  min  dun 

najdh* 
Unsuccessive,  ^\f>^j^  ghayr  m^^wdtl, 

Ji\f^j^  ghayr  mutawdiir. 
Unsuitable,  unsuiting,  j;i|^^Ai  ghayr 

muwdfik,  c^-^irfL^  j^  ghayr  mundHb. 

See  Incongruous. 
Unsuitableness,  i^it^l  /^j^  ^adam  al 

muwdfakat,  JL.>L«]1  ^^J^^adamalmu' 

ndiabat.  [tabah  bihi. 

Unsuspected,  dJ  ij::J^jJ^  ghayr  muih- 
Untaken,  J^U^  ghayr  mdkhlU. 
Untaught,  Jjc^  j^  ghayr  mula^allim. 

See  Ignorant.  [anna^am. 

Unthankfiil,  ^1  J^U^  gh^fr  ihdkir 


TJKW 


(1064) 


UFH 


UnthankfaloeflSi  X«juJ\^;C&  a«\c  ^Mitm  ' 

ikuJtr  anm^mai.    See  Thanklessneas. 

Vnihm]dng,Ji\cffhdJil.  SeeThonglitli 

Untie,  V.  J».  kaU.    See  Looee,  Unbind. 

Untied,  J^Ur*  maA/^/. 

Until,  J\  %U,  J^  htOU.    See  TilL 

— And  we  oontmaed  to  admoe  imtil  we 
arriyed  at  a  garden  in  a  beaatifhl  ialand, 
wherein  were  camphor-trees,  under  each  of 
which  trees  a  hnndiedmen  nightshade  them- 

Belve8,ljl-*«j  li-jl^,1  ^1  ^yL  J;}  jjj 

We  had  resided  in  this  palace  in  secnrity  nntil 
the  eyent  decreed  hy  the  Lord  of  all  creatures, 
the  Lord  of  tiie  heavens,  the  Lord  of  the  earths, 
hefell  us,  and  the  cry  of  the  manifest  truth  as- 
sailed U8,  ^jmiX^§iaL^j»a^\  \jJb  ijl^  Jij 

Untonohed,  ^^y^A^^j^  ghayr  mamtiu. 

Untried,  t^jS^j^s.  ghayr  mujarrah. 

Untwine,  v,  (untwist),  J^  haU, 
Unvanqoished,  i^^ju%j^  ghayr  magh- 

luh     See  Unconquered. 
Unvaried,   unvariable,    unyaiying,  jtx. 

J^sc^  ghayr  mutaghayyir,  ^^  ^ 

ghayr  mutahwwttn. 
Unveil,  v.  Uaxlf  <— ftM>^  hoihaf  ni  ghaid, 
UnnBed,  J^m&m^  ^  ghctyr  muda^mal. 
Unusefiil,  Jui^^^  ghayr  mufid.    See 

Useless.  [See  Uncommon. 

Unusnal,   i^jL:^^^^  ghayr  i^iydii. 
Unwarlike,  ir^.j^ja^  ghayr  harln. 
Unwary,  (JiU  ghdfil.  See  Careless,  Im- 

pmdent.  Bash,  Precipitate. 
Unwashed,  JytJutj^  ghayr  maghtnl. 
Unwearied,  t^^fC^  jfX.  ghayr  mai^h. 

See  Indefatigable,  Incessant. 
Unwilling,  ^\jj^  ghayr  rdtU. 


UnwOlingly,  ij\j\  h  Ma  r»H  ii 

hiikhUL 
UnwilHngneai^  S^\  aJ^  ^aiam  d*^ 

rdi^,jL2fiL]t  aJlc  ^aiam  al  UMifer. 

Unwise,  JJbW  jdkil.  See  Igsor 
Weak,  Imprudent.  [iw^ 

Unwiaelj,  ijii^-j^  ^^  wmghsfri&i 
Unwished,  t^^yj^  y^^v*  mot^ 
Unwonted,  ^^^j*^  nadir  ti  wi^u 
Unworshipped,  Jy^ju*^^  ghayr  mM 

Unworthily,  j\as^\  ij  Ms  ittH^ 
UnworthinesB,  ^\  ft»<Uji  aJlt  vW 

uiihk&h    See  WorthlesBoesB. 
Unworthy,  ^J^u^j^  ghayr  wu^ 

See  Worthless,  ICean,  Unsnita^e. 
Unwritten,  l^jjL^j^  ghayr  tab.^ 

See  Oral,  Traditional. 
Unwrought,  Jyu^^^  ^^^S^  ^t^ 
Up,  ^  ^flln',  J  ♦i  fawk.     To  lis :: 

(as  the  son),  '^U?  fo/^.  To  brxczx 
(educate),  ^j  rahha\     See  Bo: - 

To  give  up,  aLii  saH^an,     See  Bes^ 

Surrender. — To  gire  up  an  <& 
^  ^iic^Ji  ista^a^  mm.    See  F^ 

— To  stir  up,  ^j^^  harrai,  ^ 
Excite,  Instigate. — To  stir  up  eediri- 
hiji\  )aA}\  aykaz  alJUfuU,  Up  to.  j 
iUa*,  t<^>-  haUa\  Up  to  tiiia  tb- 
^\  1  jjb  ^\  Ha*  haaa  aldn. 

Upbraid,  9.  fT^  wabbakh,  <>^-r^  tfff' 
See  Eeproach,  Bevile. — ^To  i^- 
one  with  a  favour  oon&ned,  ^•a> 
iLii^  hammal  mifmak 

Upbraidingly,  ^^,y>i  hiiatpiikh. 

Upheld  (maintained),  i<-ij^ 
(supported,  propped),  Oy^m^ 

Uphold,  9.  Juurf  ianai.   See  Suppcrl 

Upholder.     See  Supporter. 


US 


( 1065  ) 


USE 


pmost.     See  IJppennost,  Higliest. 
pon,  ^Ic  ^M.    See  On. — On  liigb, 

lUSf  (j  /I  0?  ^Ha.   And  as  to  the  coach 

upon  which  was  the  damsel,  it  had  stq^  and 
upon  the  steps  were  two  dayes,  one  of  them 
white,  and  the  other  black:  in  the  hand  of  one 
waa  a  weapon  of  steel ;  and  in  the  hand  of  the 
other  a  jewelled  sword,  that  blinded  the  eyes, 

pper,  ^Jifil  a^j  ^^foMlh&nl.    See 

Superior, 
rppermost,  ,Jxl  a^/fl*.    See  Supreme. 

Fpiight    (straight    up),    u-ftStj    «?«*»/, 

AJJr.Mi^  mtwAiilim;  (honest),  ^t^  «d/iA, 

Tprightly   (perpendicularly),   c-jLujU 

^1  tn^Ma^m;  (honestly),  ^)L»  J^  UM 

sitldh, 
fprightness  (stndghtness),  l^\S3>^\  m- 

iikatnat;  (honestly),  ^1.^  saldh. 
Tpward,  upwards.    See  Up. — (toward  a 

higher  place),  jy  ^\  Ha'fawi;  (more 

than),  ^ y^^  «^^  «»♦*••     See  More. 
Frbanity.     See  Politeness,  Elegance. 
Trge,  V.   jJl£  A^\  Jac    ^mo^  ilhdh 

^M,   See  Press,  Importune,  Enforce, 
rxgency,  ij^j^  darurat,  ^^^  ^fim, 

Trgent,  l^j^j^  duruf^,  /♦jJ  /Sstm^  See 
Importunate,  Pre8sing,yiolent,  Cogent. 

Frgently,  <J^\  JCj  htkol  ilhdh. 

'rinal,  ».  ^jjj^lS  l;ar«raA,  J^-^  mahwal. 

'rine,  Jy  itfwJ.  Retention  or  stoppage 
of  urine,  {jy*^^  ^^  *c^  ^  hawl. 

3,   \j  nd.     To  us,  Ul  Und.     Give  us, 

Lkcf  actind.   As  I  should  he  the  cause 
of  your  separation,  as  I  was  the  cause  of  her 


separation  from  us,  L^^^mW  ^^^  (JlT 

lL«l^  lyiil.  0  my  mistress,  thou  hast 
no  need  of  these  servants  at  the  present  time, 
nor  will  thv  heart  be  elated  so  long  as 
they  are  with  us;  so  dismiss  them  from  us, 

Usage  (treatment),  ^U^  tnu^matah  ^ 
(custom),  wj  fMm,  tfiX^lS  hd^idah, 
if  jlc  ^sia^ 

Use  (experience),  iu^^flp^  tqfribat;  (prac- 
tice), jA5C*rflw^»^fiia7;  (hahit,  custom), 
ijlc  ^a(ft»A.  See  Usage. — (possession), 
t^juij  iasarruf;  (advantage),  jJj 
nfl/j.,  ^\  intifd^,  x^M  fdyidak. 
See  Utility;  Convenience,  Help. — 
Use  of  money^  ^U^  mu^malah. 

Use,  V.  (employ  to  any  purpose),  u.^^ 
tasarraf.  See  Treat.  —  (to  practise), 
J.4>iC;»»\  Uta^nuU.     [cJj|yM3/«  nuurn/. 

Used,  (JajCmw^  nwita^mai;  (expended), 

Useful,  Jui^  mt{/tJ,  ^U  f^/S^.  See 
Advantageous,  Profitahle. — More  or 
most  useful,  ^i3\  an/ii^.  To  he  useful, 
ifdAi  ^U^  (J^A^  &Mi/  minhi  fayidah. 

Usefully,  «>^^f^  binaw^n  mufid, 
SjtL^  JCj  hikol  man/a^t,  5 Jjli  JCi 
Ukolfdyidah.  [See  UtiHty. 

Usefulness,  bsA}  fdyidah,  ^\scj\  tntifdc. 

Useless,  sJu*j^  ghayr  mu/id,  ^^^m  1U 
md  Id  ya^nf .  An  useless  thing,  lL^^c 
^aboi.     See  Trifle. 

Uselessly,  2fjjU  L  5i7d  fdyidah^j^  ^ 
%Jj  min  ghayr  naf^.  See  Triflingly. 

Uselessness,  ^rjjli  aJ^^  utdam  fdytdah. 

User,  s.  ^jajCm^  fnuita^^, 
mutasarrif. 

Usher,  t.  (whointroduces),  ,«ac^  mtiMfr. 


UTE 


( 1066 ) 


Usual,  J\ss^  mu^dd.     See  Common. 

Usually^  jIjjmJI  i^-^uijv-  hasah  dl  mti^* 
tdd,  JUxUi^t  i^.^^.^M*s^,  hi  haaab  al 
uti^mdl.  [qaenoy. 

Usaalness,  JUjc^sI  isti^m&h    See  Fre- 

Usufruct,   CL^'J^^b  Uij^   toBorruf 

hU  mahiUldU 
Usufructuaiy,  izSiy^K^  ^^^  mu^ 

ioMrrif  hU  mahsuldt 
Usurer,  s.  ^<J^^  rabl,  ar  JjUlb  Mi*X«  mu- 

dayyin  hUfayidah. 
Usurious,  i^J^  muirid. 
Usurp,  V.  )a*J  dahaL 
Usurpation,  l^^^^c  yhasb. 
Usurper,  s.  c,  ^.pli  yh&stb. 
Usury,  \jj  ribd.      To  lend  at  usury, 

\)J\i  fjOji  karad  bU  ribd. 
Utensil  (tool,  implement),  Xi|  dlat  (pi. 

di^Hl  dldt).  Utensils  (pots,  pans,  etc.), 

4^j^  2ssruf  (sing.  <— i;^  tarf).     See 

Tool,  Initrament,  Weapon;  also  Apparatiu, 
Furniture,  Necessaries,  Vessel. — JLnd.  they 
went  thence  to  the  fourth  chamber,  where  they 
found  closets,  one  of  which  they  opened,  and 
they  found  it  full  of  utensils  for  food  and  drink, 
consisting  of  Tarious  yessels  of  »>ld  and  silrer, 
saucers  of  crystal,  cups  set  with  orilliant  pearls 

and  cups  of  camelian,  ^\  \^a::j\  >j 

i-ajjij  v.^jji  ujLtfi  ^  s-^y^'j 

j^^AAllcL^Lal^jc^-^l.  Around  which 

were  many  lofty  doors,  and  at  its  upper  end 
was  a  hign  and  great  matiabah.  There  were 
also  in  it  utensils  for  cooking,  hung  oyer  the 


JV  Wb  *;sf^  ^jSU  Ux^  XjXc  ^j 

^^^\  _ 
Uterine  (belonging  to  the  womb),  i<«^ 

rahml. 
Uterus,  f^^\  arrahm.     See  Womb. 


^ii^^ 


Utility,  iJkAifdyidah  (pi.  *Xi}^fng6fii,, 
ixUt^  manfa^t  (pi.  ^V;^  »»»/;. 

^M  na/^.  See  Use,  Profit,  Adrut^. 

Utmost,  JbU  yhdyaif  .  >^\  oW.   See 


Extreme,  Highest,  Greatest.— Then  abe  ssii 
0  my  nurse,  whence  is  this  handsome  TOitki 
And  she  (the  old  woman)  said,  I  ksoTbiz 
not,  but  I  imagine  that  he  is  tlie  son  d  i 
great  king,  for  he  is  of  the  ulmort  besatr  lad 

loveliness,  ^1  ^^^  vJoUb  iiiJl3 ». 

^  ^U  cJUi  ^■Lm  M^Uii 

utter.     See   Total,   Complete;  Outs, 

Outward. 
Utter,  V.  Aij  iakaOam.    S6eSpeak,£^ 

late.— (to  sell),  cIj  idc.  Then  Johia: 

pressed  him  to  her  bosono^  and  uttei«d  sst 
words  not  to  be  understood ;  after  vfa^  ^'^ 
spat  in  his  face,  and  said  to  him.  Be  ^sszi 
from  this  human  form  into  the  form  of  s  Wt 

the  most  beautiful  of  birds,  i^*>  •- 

;r 

Utterly,  aUJU  btitamdm,  »fry^^  J-' w** 
mtM  ibi  a/ frtfyaA.  See  Wholely,  Ca 
pletely.  Perfectly,  Quite. 

Uttermost.     See  Extreme. 


V. 


Y  has  one  uniform  Bound-  in  Ei^^ 
The  Arabic  ^  has  occasionally  a  9^- 
given  to  it  approaching  to  that  ct  ( 
as  in  c-'l^/ffu^S^,  etc.  Thedifte^ 
seems  to  be,  that  the  sound  oi;* 
produced  by  a  alight  Tibration  d  ^ 
two  lips,  whereas  that  of  r  is  i^^s^ 


VAI 


( 1067  ) 


VAN 


by  an  appolse  of  the  lower  lip  against 
the  edge  of  the  upper  teeth. 
Vacancy,  ^Ls^  khaln,  !£>■.  hhald.     Bee 
Emptiness,  Vacuity. — (leisure,  relaxa- 
tion), i\^  fardghf  ^j^  funah*     See 

Cessation,  Intermission. — (listlessness, 
want  of  thought),  ^is.  ghaflahj  ^ds> 
^  ^aiamfihr,  JUJb\  ihmaL 
Vacant  (empty,  unfilled),  ^U.  khaU. 

See  Void. — (thoughtless),  Jili  ghdJU. 

Vacate,  v.  (void,  empty),  ^joi  fadda\ 

Vacation.  See  Vacancy. — (a  time  of 
intermission  from  business),  ^UaJ\  f\>\ 
ayyam  al  batdJat. 

Vacuity,  vacuum,  ^les.  khalU,  i^  hhdld. 

Vagabond,  vagrant,  «.  ^L^^l  awhdih, 
fj^\jb  hamtl.  Vagabond,  vagrant 
(wandering),  (J^uil?  tqfthuni. 

Vague  (unsettled,  undetermined),  *^^ 

mubham,  ^j^jut  j^  ghagr  mu^gan, 

(jA^^j^  ghagr  muhaikkdk. 
Vain  (fruitless,  ine£fectual,  unmeaning, 
absurd),  Jt\i  batU,  JlL  batt&l    See 
False,  Worthless,  Idle. 
Vain,    vainglorious,  Jm^   mtUakabbir. 
See  Ostentation,  Self-conceited,  Boast- 
ing, Airy. 
Vainly  (in  vain),  ^ Jjli  1)  bUd  fdgtdah, 
^\i  batHan.     See  Idly,  Foolishly. — 
(proudly,   vaingloriously),   b^  J^ 
j\s^\j  bikd  hubrigd  wa  iftikhdr. 
Vainness.    See  Vanity.  [wod. 

Vaivode,  «.  (prince  palatine),  J^^  fray- 
Vale,  «.  fc/4>\j  ioddl.    See  Valley, 

Valediction,  «.  q\ J^  tpodd^.  See  Fare- 
well— Diyinely  is  he  inspired  who  acqoainteth 
me  with  their  approach ;  for  he  hath  brought 
information  most  delightful  to  be  heard.  If  he 
would  be  satiified  with  that  which  is  cast  off, 
I  would  gire  him  a  heart  rent  in  pieces  at 

the  hour  of  valediction,  t^jlU^jJ  ^ 


Valet,   «.  jl^J^   khidnuUkdr.      See 

Servant. 
Valetudinarian,  a^m^s^IcJam  da^faljism 

Valetudinary,  (^j^  marid  (pi.  15-^ 
murada*),  JJlc  ^il.  See  Sick,  Infirm. 
Valiant,  ^-^  ahajl^.   See  Brave,  Bold. 
Valiantly,  aA^JCj  bikol  shajd^ah. 
Valiantness.    See  Valor. 
Valid,  ^VLr*  *^^>  *?  J,^♦*^  ma^ul 

Validity,  l^  iahhat 

Valley,  t.  i^^^'j  wddl  (pi.  ^^l*^^  umdgdn). 

Then  I  walked  about  that  place,  and  found 
myself  upon  an  eminence,  beneath  which  was  a 

large,  wide  deep  valley,  c::.^jum»J  ^S^  f^ 


i  J^\  CJiS  ^ 


Valor,   lc\jB^  ahajd^,   ^*lr?"  J^^^- 

See  Courage,  Bravery. 
Valuable,  ^^^  samln.     See  Precious, 

"Worthy. — (estimable),  JjJc  ^asln. 
Valuation  (appraisement),  ^^jAo^  takh' 

min,  ^;<mcJ  tatnUn.  [Worth. 

Value,  4UJ  jAmalf  ^jAJ  saman.  See  Price, 
Value,  V.   (rate  highly),  j^\  i^tabar. 

See  Esteem. — (to  rate  or  fix  at  a  cer- 

tain  price),  ^^  tamtnan. 
Valued   (estimated),  (^yi*s^  tnahsub, 

Jjjjut    ma^dud;    (esteemed),  ^/f^^J^ 

mu^tahar,  jiJC'  cosfs.    See  Valuable. 
Valvci  i,jJ^  kishr,  uJju^  sadaf. 
Vamp,  1^.  ^j  rakka^f  J^  MoUah.     See 

Mend,  Bepair. 
Van,  vanguard,  #.  (jm^\  LtJA^mukud- 

damat  dljayihfhf^  Udl^aL  See  Front. 
Vanish,  1;.  JJj  t&l,  Jsr^l  idmaM. 


TAB 


(1068) 


TA5 


Taniijr  (emptiaes,  inndtj,  ▼ampaxsait), 
fjt^  hdldn;  (self-eonodty  ostentatkni, 
arn^;8iioe),^^lO  iakMur.    See  Pride. 

Vanqnigh,  v.  ^  faUihf  ^Ar  ghtUb^ 
y^  tafar^  j^  kdkar.  See  Conquer, 
Oferoome,  Sabdoe,  Confale. 

YanqiUBher,  t^U  ffhslih,  ^li  Iskir. 
See  Conqueror. 

Vanquished,  L^jikf  magJdtb^jy^  w^m- 
khikr.    See  Conquered. 

Vantage.    See  Adyantage,  Saperiorily. 

Vapid,  ^  J  daU^.   See  Insipid. 

Vapidness,  ZaS  J  dd^. 

YA^reTf  $.    See  Braggart,  Boaster. 

Vaporish  (splenetic,hnmor8ome),c,,  Ji  q".  ^ 
^^«yt  mutahMb  attdb^ 

Vaporooa  (fall  of  rapors),  ^Ur  ^  io^ 
hho  hukhdr. 

Vapor,  ^Ur  ftuiAdr  (pL  ^yar^  tfiiUnroA). 
Vapor  exhaled  by  the  son  on  dry 
sandy  plains,  looking  like  a  large 
lake,  <^\j»a  gmrah. 

Vapor,  jiyli  vdpor.  Vapors  (vain  imagi- 
nation), JUsL  hhiyal. 

Vapor,  V,  (emit  fames),  ^^f^  dakhkhan. 

Variable,^^Jb^  mwtaghayyir,  ^^^^^  mu- 
taUwwin,  LZ:\^  ii\^  m&lah»  MbaL  See 
Changeable,  Inconstant,  Varioas. — To 
be  rariable,^^^  taghaifyar. 

Variableness,  ci^LsJI  ^ss.  ^adam  ossabdL 

Variance,  t^jHarvl  tkhtUaf,  L:jL^  mu- 
ndza^t,    cljj   nita^.      See  Discord, 

Dissension,  Strife. 

Variation,  ^^^  iaghayyuir^  uJlbf^l  ikhti" 
l&f.  See  Change,  Variety,  Difference, 
Saccession,  Deviation. — ^Variation  of 
termination  (in  a  grammatical  sense), 
\^J^^j^  twrlf,  \la%owin. 

Varied,  j^k^  mutayhayyir,  ^^^Ic;^  muta- 


ooiovm),  ^Jkj 


£fec! 


Stt 


Speekled,  Spotted. 

Variegatian,  ^^Jij  ncidL 

Variety,  ^y\  mtwd^,  JJjIj  UJi^. 
^^  iaatri^  See  Vaiifgatieny  T>» 
nation,  DiAeieDoe. — Tarietiei^  qV 

Various,  celcLsr^  wuikkMtf,  ^y^^^  "*- 
imuwwi^.    See  Tari^sted^  Difsest 

(nnoertain,  unfixed),  kz^L*^^  ^1^ 

«aM.  See  Taiiable.— Know  wHm,  tku  r 
the  lea  are  many  peoples  uad  iwakm  fir& 
of  all   tlie   kmos   that  are   on    ^  Isi 

Variously,  i^hdJ\  JCj  MM  tUiai;' 
Varioosly  coloured,  ^^p^ 

Varnish  (for  giving  a  gloss  to 
metal,  etc.),  ^l^ J  dihan ;  (the  o(bi- 
mental  0r  fictitious  eolouting  of  & 
course),  aI^  \  ^j^j  fuMrafai  al  hdu^ 

Varnish,  f.  (wood,  metal,  etc),  ^^> 
ddhan.    To  Tamish  (a  tale)»  <— ^ 

Varnished  (as  wood,  metal,  etc),  ^y^<> 
madkdn'f   (as  a  tale),   i.J^£>y«  iH^ 

Vary,  v,  (to  cause  to  change),  q  jj  Msi^ 
^y  nawwa^*  See  Variegate. — (to  1:^ 
come  ehaoged,  to  be  cliangeaifak. 
w-flVr^'v\  *khtaIaf,jJu  iaghafym-. 

Vase,  #.  v-J;b  «»/  (pL  ^^^^  tmrtf 
See  VesseL 

Vassal,  •.  i^j  ra^yai,  ^\j  tih 
Vassals,  bU;  ra^dpd,  ^^y  UweM^ 
See  Subject,  Dependant. 

Vassalage.     See  Servitude,  SlaTcrr. 


YKH 


(1069) 


TEN 


V^asty  A;^  ^tfsfm,  ^^1^  wdit^  t^^J 
eroff^y  .^uJi  ytoA.  See  Immensei 
Enormoasy  Large,  Oreat,  Extenaiye. 

Vastly,  J^>- «^  ^^  min§hayr  hadd,  ^\k» 
hi  gh&yat.    See  Greatly,  Immensely. 

Vastness,  ijua^  was^at,  is^  fiUhat. 
See  Gieatneas,  Largeness. 

Vault,  «.  (arch,  dome^  ^  ibt^iaA  (pL 
k.^  ihcM),  y^  habiL    The  vault  of 

heaven,  UwJI  iLJ  kubhat  lutamd.  See 
Cavern,  Cellar,  Tomb.— To  vault  (arch, 
cover  with  an  arch),  ^  (J^  ^mal  kahiL 

Vaulted,  i— mS^  miiib^^a^. 

Vaulter,  t.  (jumper),  ^J<o^;  rakkds. 

Vaunt,  v.js^\  %ftahhar^jS^\ij  tafdhhar^ 

Vaunt,  9.j:>Mlj  tafakhur.    See  Boast. 

Vaunter,  «.  i,j>.^jjSj^  $hakkdr  rawhah$. 
See  Boaster,  Vainglorious  man. 

Vauntful,  vaunting,  aSU-  tSjS^A^  mu/- 
takhirfl  h&lihi.     See  Vainglorious. 

Veal,  Jx^  |i^  Idhm  ^ijl. 

Veer,  i;.  ^Ij  ddr^  jy^  daiwwar.  See 
Turn  round,  Change. 

Vegetable,  vegetive, «.  cLj  fk»3d^  (pi. 
cr^Ulj  fto^d^dQ.  Vegetable,  vegetive, 
vegetative,  c^^U  nc?^^,  ,c^U  n4<Al. 

Vegetate,  9.  C2^  ndbat.  See  Sprout. 
Vegetation,  vegetativeness,  c:-^  fM^^. 
Vehemence,  s^  shiddat,  iftX»^  hiddat, 

ij^j^  hurdrat.     See  Force,  Violence, 

Ardo&r. 
Vehement,  JJJcl  shadld,  l<*^  Admi. 

See  Violent,  Forcible,  Ardent,  Eager, 

Fervent.  [ifjjj  hikol  ihiddat. 

Vehemently,  il  Jl>-  J^  hikol  hiddai,  JCj 
Vehicle,  s,  ^jC  ^aba,  AjbP  ^alah, 

^-^j^  fnarkahi  {smaH),  j^jjj  tanUr. 

See  Litter. 


Veil,  i.  i^Mj  nikdh,  4^lf  hifdh,  Ik* 
ffhatd.  To  withdraw  the  veil  (to  dis- 
cover, reveal),  c^UaSI  gJ;  rafa^  an- 
nikdh.     The  veil  of  the  heart  (the 

pericardium),  ^^Ji!l4^l^i^/'d3a/ib/^. 

And  wbea  he  law  her,  he  found  her  to  resemble 
the  iiill  moon.    She  was  wrapped  in  a  yeil  of 

-silk  embroidered  with  gold,  \jb\j  UJlJ 

Veiled,  (m^ys^  mal^'^h,  jji^u*^  nuutur. 

Vein,  8.  ^jjA  ^k.  To  open  a  vein,  Juai 
faaad.  See  Bleed. — ^Veins,  ^^  ^uritk. 
The  temporal  veins,^U  juJ  \M«tM^Adn. 
Two  vans  in  the  jaws  or  throat, 
^^^U\  unndhirdn.  Two  veins  in  the 
eyes  (also  two  in  the  nose),  (jUf^^^l 
al  ashardn.  Vein  (turn  of  mind  or 
genius),  ^-^^M<u•  vuuhrah,  wJ?  tah^, 
<U«J0  tabi^ah.   See  Humour,  Temper. 

Vellum,  jj  ra^i. 

Velocity,  ^Ic^  »tfr^«^,  ^Is*^  ^afdlai. 

Velvety  fj-^kss^  mukhmal. 

Velvet,  adf.    Juki^  mukhmalf. 

Venal  (mercenary),^-j>-l  ajlr,jssry^  mfl- 

Venality,  ^^  (^yf  ^ore?  lilbay^. 
Vend,  ».  cb  5d^.    See  Sell. 
Vender,  cCj  ^yS^.    See  Seller. 

Vendible,  ol^  ya3s^.    See  Saleable. 

Venerable,  /^^sf*  muhiaram,  v_^r^^ 
fittAi^.  [u^a  ihtirdm. 

Venerably,  /^]j^^  i«A  Jij  hiholhaybat 

Venerate,  v.  (^Ji^\  ihtaram.  See  Honour. 

Veneration,  f\p^\  ihtirdm,  M\f\  ikrdm, 
^Jia  tahrim  (pi.  CL^Uj^  iakrimdt), 
l»-laju  ta^tlm,  jJy  iawklr.  With 
veneration,  M\ji>A^j^y  Jl^JhikoHaw- 
klr  wa  ihtu'dm,  f\^^^  (^i!^  JC{  hikol 


TEN 


( 1070  ) 


VER 


to&Bim  wa  ikrdm.  See  Beverenoe. — 
Worthy  of  yeneration,  A\^i\  l.^^>^\^ 
wdjib  (d  ihtirdm. 

Venerator,  f  .cl;UsI1  u^.o-U  tdhib  iUi/dt. 
See  Eeverencer. 

Yenerealy  <J^^^  nafsdnl.  Tenereal 
pleasures,  (JLmAj  la>.  haa  nafsdnl. 
The  venereal  distemper,  <i/«3u«^  \  Ci^ 
franc  ahmadl.    See  Pox,  Clap. 

Venesection  (bleeding),  Xaifasd,  ^rjlioi 
fuddah. 

Vengeance,  fJ\hj\  intihdm,  SeeBevenge, 
Panishment. — To  take  yengeance, 
Jcj  \  intaham.  See  Revenge,  Eetaliate. 

Vengeful,  Ai:i:i-«mtmfa^m.  SeeEevengeful 

Venial,^Aji!l  i»^^|^  wdjtb  al  ^q/il,  j^^^f-^ 
ffM^silr.     See  Pardonable,  Excusable. 

Venison,  Jlji  g^  lahm  ghandly  Jlm^  stS^ 
lahm  9ayd, 

Venom,    ^^   samm.     See  Poison. — To 

Envenom.     See  Poison, 
yenomous,  aLi  »dm,   >««  «am,  MyA^^^ 

miMffitlm.   See  Poison,  Poisonous ;  a&o 
Malignant. 
Venomousness,  m^\  XjbU  mdhiyatassam. 

Vent,  <.  (breathing-hole,  passage,  open- 
ing)>  (./^''^  manfas;  (a  passage  for 
smoke),^U£^  j^moi^AanaA.  SeeTunnel. 
— (sale),  wj  ^oy^;  (disclosure,  publi- 
cation), ie\J^\  ishd^at,j\^\  iihdr. 

Vent  or  give  vent,  r.  j^/«aJ  nafflu;  (to 

utter,  report),  el<ll  a8hd^,j^  khdbhar. 

See  Publish,  Diynlge. — ^When  I  heard  him 
say,  as  he  coursed  onward  in  his  career,  and 
gave  vent  to  accents  of  unpremediated  speech, 

aSIj:^  a  u,^f^  t.i^^'-^-  Jl-^  ^^■''■r.iMi.i 

<idUr^f  Jh&U^  (j:jjiXJby 

Ventilate,  v.  t^^  haunca\  4.JmJ  nasaf 
See  Winnow,  ITan ;  Examine,  Discuss. 
Ventilated,  uJ*«mJ^  mamnf 


Ventilation,  ^jJJ  tadrifak. 

Ventilator,  9.  ^^yf  marwahah.  SeeTc 

Ventricle,  9.  (stomach),    isft^  mi-M 

The  ventricle  or  crop  of  biids^  Zl^«> 

Aatc^MAi^.  The  ventricle  of  beastS)   ^i 

Venture  (hazard,  risk),  .kfw  IAtfi«'  i:^ 

jlLr^l  aa^r),5^Ur«miciUdto*dL  Se: 

Danger. — (an  attempt),  ^jl^  ta^,  x^ 

hud,   A  lucky  venture,  ^^  -j^*  mri. 

Venture,  9.  (dare),  j^\asr  tqfdsar.  I 
venture  at,  venture  on,    «jui  <»&i  jJ 

kasad.    To  venture  or  put  in  baanL 

Ventured  (put  in  hazard),  lO^Ur*  m- 
Venturer,  «.^lflr^  flttciAd^.         [k^ 
Venturous,  jf^4M>*y(Mfir.  See  Bold,  fer 
Venturously,  ^Lyif>-  J^  hiiol  J9»r< 
See  Boldly.  [nen,  Cbangi 

Venturousness,  JrM^5>-yar«0^.    SceBo^ 
Venus  (planet),  ftjbj  wukraL 

Veracity,  ^  Jui  tidk.    See  Truth.— ()^r: 

faith  has  fiiuled,  and  perfidjr  become  abrade 
and  wide  has  become  the  different  betvis  | 
promises  and  performaaces ;  and  the  fi^eb« 
of  the  world  is  pnt  to  shame  \sf  the  Tena7. 
for  how  shoald  the  crooked  be  in  aocod&r 

with  the  straight?   ^Uj  ^U^l  J^^ 

Veracious,  joUfdi^iy^.  See  True,  Siae6& 

Verb,  *.  J*i^^/;  (active),  ^^j^jc^^^j^ 

fi^mtUa^addi;  (passive),  J^ff*b^ 

Verbal  (oral,  spoken,  not  written),  J«l 
lisdnl,  ^JeiH  lafia,^\!tL>^  Udidl^Jf 

kawh,  ^UJ»  ahafdki.    A  verbal  sea 
{o{aciion),jXa^M^\%9mma8dar.  Verbei 
or  literal,  ^/^  lo^Aoi^. 
Verbally  (in  words,  orally),  'UU-i  «^ 


^ 


TER 


(  1071  ) 


VES 


fSLhan,   ^Klli  lU  kaldm;  (yerbatim), 

i^js^,  \ij>-  harfan  hiharaf.  \hawd, 
erberation,  \^\  htO\»a^  masddafnat  al 
erbose,  aK!  \  J^  j!^  tawil  dl  kaldm.    See 

Loquacious. 

erdant,  -<afii-l  ahhdar.     See  Green. — 

Beautifully  verdant,  jjl^- -^iri.^  akh" 

dctr  h&dik.  [Opinion. 

erdict,   S>»'  hukm.      See  Judgment, 

erdigris,  j^^J  zinjdr.    Of  the  colour 

of  verdigris,  ^j\sfj  tinjdrl. 

erdure,  lij.d£>^  khudrai, 

erge,  8.  (brink,  edge),  «X>>  hadd.    See 

Border,   Margin,    Skirt,  Limit;    also 

Bod,  Mace.  [tla\ 

erge,  v.  (tend  towards),  ^Jl  JU  mdl 

erging,  Jl  Jjtt  mdt^il  %la\    ^f^ 

mutawajjih. 

erification,  (J^iSssr  tahknk,  Jli  J^  tas- 

dfk,  czjLjI  ishdt.     See  Proof. 

erify,  f.   J^to-  hakkak,  k:L^\   ashat 

See  Prove.  [3a^    See  Prove. 

erified,  ^Jas^  muhakkak,  i^yt^  mas- 

erily,  ^\^\  J  /f  alwdki^,  sLaJS  d 

ft  al  hakikat,  U>-  hakkan,  U^AaT  ^A- 
ibi^n,  j;Jb  hilhak,  JJuJb  ^t^fu^j^. 
ermicelli,  ^^«^j  ^j-oi^  ihi^rieh  ra- 
/f ^oA,  ^X^t^jS  vermieeUl.  [addndat 
ermicular,  vermiform,  if  J^jil  Jl^  mw/ 
ermicule,  «.  (small  worm),  if  J^  J  JtZ(ib^. 
See  "Worm,  Ghrub.  [dawwtd. 

ermiculous  (full  of  grubs),  J^J^  mu- 
ermilion,^^iar^  ztnji/r. 

ermine  (pi.  aIJa  hnwdm),  if J^J  dudat 
(pi.  J^  J  <^tii^).  See  Worm,  Louse,  Rat. 
emacular,  ^\  umml.     See  Native. — 

Yemacular  language  (mother-tongue), 
^"iS  ^U  liadn  al  umm. 
ernal,  t^,j  rabl^. 


Yerse  (poetry),  jl^  shier,  Jioj  nazm.   See 

Poesy,  Rhyme. — (a  hemistich),  9)j»^^ 
misrd^,  A  verse  or  distich,  c^^ 
hayt  (pi.  C^Lj^  ahydt).  A  verse  of 
the  Alcoran,  <Ul  dya^  (pi.  vJl^'M  ayd^). 
Verses  of  the  Alcoran  kept  as  preser- 
vatives against  enchantment,    ^j£ 

Yersification,  jt^Sl  Jx  ^Imalshi^,  Jx 

f^j  jtll  ^ilm  al  ^rUd. 
Yersifier,  -cLl  «Ad^tr.     See  Poet. 
Yersify,  v,j\xJ^\  Joj  nazam  ashlar. 

Yersion,  ^U^-y  tarjamah.  See  Transla- 
tion ;  aiso  Transformation,  Change. 

Yertebral  (relating  to  the  joints  of  the 
back-bone),^^ljya^  j;)jc^  muta^aUik 
hikharaz  asauihr.  The  vertebrsB  or 
joints  of  the  back-bone,  ^^\  j^ 
kharaz  axaahr,  [See  Top. 

Yertez  (zenith),  ^^J^  ^4^^  simat  arrds. 

Yery,  \j^  jiddan,  ^Uj  lighdyaL  Yery 
good,  adj.  j^\j^  kaslr  al  khayr, 
Yery  good,  adv.  \j^  ^Jiac  ^Im  jid' 
dan.  Yery  bad  tn'  pernicious, ^^^l^^-l^ 
katUr  addarar.  Yery  attentive  or  serious, 
ljc>-  Jbf^.y^  mujtahid  jiddan.  See 
Earnest. 

Yessel,  uJ^  sai/,  U^  W^d.  A  large 
vessel  in  which  they  keep  wine,  ^b 
hdtiyah.     Yessels,  *^^Jo  zuriHf,  (Jt^T 

dtrdnf.     A  vessel  (ship,  bout),  w-^ 

markab.  See  Ship. — I  poflsesaed  fifty  trading 
YBBselB  on  the  eea,  ana  fifty  other  ships  for 
pleasare-excnrBionB,  and  one  hundred  and  fifty 

pieces  ready  for  war,^^H  ^i  ^  ^^l^^ 

Yest,  «•  c^^  tawb. 

Yestaly  Jyu  ia^A/.     See  Yirgin. 


VIA 


(  1072  ) 


VIC 


Vestibule,  jJjbJ  daUl%.    See  Porch. 
Vestige,  J\  4uar.      See  Footstep. — (a 

mark),  ^SL  ^aldmah,  *^  ratm.  See 

Trace. 
Vestment,  Vesture.  See  Garment,  Dress. 
Vetch,  s,  (kind  of  pea),  ^L^  kirsmim. 
Veteran,  j;^  ^ik,  aj»  Ji  kadlm.    See 

Old,  Ancient. — (experienced  in  war), 

LJfj^\»yb\^  mdhir  hU  harb. 
Vex,  1^.  ^litf  sadda^,  j;!i  Itaiah.     See 

Plagae,  Tease,  Trouble,  Disturb. 


Vexation,  ^Xoj  tasdi^,  <U>j  nahmat. 

See  Trouble,  Affliction,  Grief,  Sorrow,  Anguish, 
Irritation. — I  wHs  therefore  affected  with  vio- 
lent Texation,  not  to  be  exceeded,  and  my  gidl- 
bladder  almost  burst  by  reason  of  the  severity 
of   my   grief  and   mourning   and   &tiguej, 

U  i^  ^  ^MC^j  ySj^y  Cl^jl^  Jij 

Vexatious,  cJu&«  musaddi^  See  Trouble- 
some, Painful,  Vexed. 

Vexatioudy,  ^«X»aJ  J^  b^l  tasdi^, 

Vexatiousness,  ^jJ-^J  tasdl^.  See 
Vexation. 

Vexed,  cj^^^  mtuadda^. 

Vexer,  a.  &  Jua^  musaddi^  See  Tormentor. 

Vial,  8,    See  Phial. 

Viands,  f\^  ta^m.    Exquisite  viands, 

^jJSlsu    nafdyii.     See  Meat,  Pood, 

BeUcacy. — And  he  put  before  him  some  of  the 
various  excellent,  (ulicious,  exquisite,  viands. 
So  the  porter  advanced,  and,  having  said,  In 
the  name  of  God,  the  Compassionate;,  the 
Merciful,  ate  until  he  was  satisfied  and  satiated ; 
then  he  said,  Praise  be  to  God  in  every  case! 

Viaticum  (provision  for  a  journey),  aJ^^j 
zaunvadah. 


Vibrate,  v.jn^  ha.    See  Shake,  Qidtc 

Vibration,  iybjib  hoihatak. 

Vicar,  vicarious.    See  Vicegerent. 

Vice,  ^jj  rmilah  (pi.  Ji^jj  rmdyit.. 
See  Sin,  Evil,  Crime,  Wickednese, 
Depravity,  Fault,  Offence,  Defect— A 
vice  with  a  screw  used  by  worfaneiL 
L.^^  lawlab.     See  Scxew. 

Vice-admiral,  «.  JJj--*^  ci^  <««*  amrai. 

Vicegerent,  *.  /•l£«  ^jU  kalm  wMicM, 
JJy  wakll,  v-^l3  nayib.  The  rif*- 
gerent  <>r  vicar  of  God,  ^\  <iiJij>>  ^^ 
U/at  Mdk.     See  Deputy. 

Vicega^nts,  1^  umkdd, 

Vioegerency,  ^Li  nkfdhai^  Zll^  scwiote. 

Viceroy,  «•  C^flJt  H-^^  ''^'^  ^  '''^ 
See  Vicegerent 

Vicinity,  vicinage,  h\^  karahiU,  <-.y 
kurh.    See  Nearness,  Neighbourhood. 

Vicious,  Juali  >^«I^,  t-JTjjjt^  aM^yi^. 
See  Bad,  Wicked,  Profligate. 

Viciousness,  jUwilt  Zl\^-  hdUA  alfeml 
See  Vice. 

Vicissitude,  ^j^^  dawardn^  c-JUi^  h- 
kilab.  See  Bevolution,  Change. — ^Vi- 
cissitudes,  CL^blLiJ^   tnJtOdh&t.     Tbr 

vicissitudes  of  fortune,  ^^jJ^  ^— ^'"-^ 

tasartf  addahr.  See  Fortune. — ^The  ra?- 
tades  of  the  times  drove  me  to  Sanaa  in  Yaaa. 

^\  \^  J\  ^}^^\^  ^  ^^^^f 

Victim,   ^J^^  kurhdn,  \*X3  fideL      S^*e 

Sacrifice. — To  offer  up  a  yictbn,  <* 

Mbdh.  You  make  me  lovelom,  and  yoi  ^ 
main  indifferent  for  me;  you  make  my  vcvd^ 
eyelid  sleepless,  while  you  ileqp  at  ease.  Tco 
aoode  is  between  my  heart  and  my  e3nes:  tbeR- 
fore  my  heart  will  not  forget  nor  RliB^ffi»& 
yoa,  nor  my  tears  conceal  my  sorrow.  i«b 
gave  me  your  word  on  oath  that  yon  wodd  :^ 
main  faitnM  and  answer  to  my  love ;  but  «te 
you  had  got  possession  of  my  heart,  yon  ri^ae^ 

Jrour  covenant.  When  you  inspind  m?  »"•* 
ove  I  was  so  young  that  I  did  not  know  «^ 
was  love ;  now  that  I  feel  it,  do  not  all^  '^^ 
to  be  the  victim  of  it  I  entreat  yoa  bv  ts 
j^lmighty,  if  I  die,  that  yoa  write  npoa  ■! 


VIG 


( 1073  ) 


VIL 


tombstone,  This  was  a  slaTe  of  lore,  that  per- 
chance some  monmer,  who  has  felt  the  same 
flame,  may  pass  by  the  lover's  ^ave,  and  pity 
her  by  laying,  May  God  have  mercy  on  her 

soul !  *  jj  JutJ^  ^J^\  ci  (J|/  A=^^ 


r^'j  *  r^3  f:>^'  j^  r^A^^^ 


ictor,  victorious,  8.  ^^U  gh&lth,j»a\v^ 
muntatir,  ^li  /a^t'A.     See  Conqueror. 

ictorioasljyjUdcJljJl?  J^  hikol  tafarin 

tea  intUdr. 

ictory,  ^  fath,  yio  tafar,  Hj^oj  na9rat, 

JLasj\  intisdr.    To  gain  a  victory,  ^ 
fatah,  jiia  tafar.     See  Conquer. 
LCtress,  9.  iJ^Vz ghdlibah,  sy^M  kdhirah! 
Lctuals,  ft\jio  ia^dm,  J^l  akl,  d^i^U 
mdkuldt,  \j^  ghadd.    See  Food,  Meat, 
idelicet,  ^J^  ya&nt.     See  Viz. 
:e,  V,  (contend  with,  emulate),  (ji\^ 
tdbakf  Jjlc  ^dtai. 
ew,  v.jaj  nazar.    See  Look,  Behold, 
ew,   8,   (prospect),  Jaj    nafutr.     See 
Sight,  Eye. — A  distant  view,  J^Jaj 
%a%ar  ha^d,      Yiew   (intention,   de- 
'igr^)>   (^  ^09m,    Ai\y  mardm,  Ju^ 

^1, «.  (watching),y^MAtfr.  SeeWatch. 
gilance,  l^Li^.^  ihtigdi,  ^LJ)  iniibdh, 
^ee  Watchfulness,  Diligence, 
gilant,  JbLi  8dhir,  lflijrii»M>#  mwlagkiu, 
aSjT^^  mutayakkit.  See  Watchful,  Cir- 
(amspecty  Attentive,  Diligent,  Careful. 


Vigilantly,    ^Li3lj  5i  m^iidA,  ^^f^  J^ 
2(lcjtj  ifib7  8aharin  tea  tntibdh. 

^^  Ml 

Vigorous,    4^^  iawh      See  Forcible, 

Strong. — A  vigorous  old  age,  Jjiri- 

khul&d. 
Vigorously,  iy  JCj  hikol  hikwat. 
Vigor,  vigorousness,    i^   kutcat,   ^U^ 

tdkah.    The  vigor  of  youth,  ^^^axc 

c-^L^AJI   ^anfawdn  a8h8habdb.      See 

Force,  Strength,  Energy. 
Vile,  jJl:>^  haklr,   Jj  danl,   u*****'-^ 

kha8l8,  ^IcLcii  JJi  j^fl/l/  a/i^^ii^cir. 
Vilely,  ^U^  J^  hikol  hakdrat,  ^9  y^ 

jti^^-  hinaw^n  hakir. 
Vileness,  i^lft>-  hakdraty  li\jj  rasAkU. 

See  Baseness,  Meanness.        [Slander. 
Vilify,  r.^A».  ^ar.  SeeDefamOyDehase, 
Villa,  8,  L,Bj«g^  moiyaf. 
Village,  8.  <0y  ibr^aA  (pi.  U^  kardgd), 

iJu^  day^h.     The  chief  man  of  a 

village,  ijuA\:^  8kaykh  adday^. 

And  as  for  farming  villages,  and  the  under- 
taking of  sowing  and  planting,  it  is  degrading 
to  £ame  and  reputation,  and  a  check  to  progress, 
and  rarely  does  one  engaj^  in  it  fail  to  be 
despised,  or  enjoy  the  blessings  of  mental  tran- 
quillity, ,^XaGl\^  *  Ar^^  ^^^  ^^3 

Villain, ^^jjyJi  «Aarfr,   ^JJL  8hakl,  ijj 

danl.     See  Scoundrel,  Bascal,  Hogue; 
aho  Villanous. 
Villanous,  J^\3  fatid,  jijJlt  8harlr,  ,^Ji 

kahlh.  See  Base,  Wicked,  Vile,  Ma- 
lignant [^Li  hikol  kahdhat. 
Villanously,  jLJ  J^  hikol  fudd,  J^ 
Villany,villanousnes8,  jLui/oidi,  Jl».LJ 
kahdhat  (pi.  ^U  kahdyih).  See  De- 
pravity, Baseness,  Vileness,  Wickedness. 

68 


TIO 


( 1074  ) 


YIR 


Viiicible(conquerable)y  «-,.>«U;2  yunghdUh, 
Vindicate,  v.  (joBtify),^  harrar.     See 

Defend,  Sapport,  Protect,  Maintain; 

Berenge,  Avenge;  Assert,  Claim. — 

To  vindicate  oneself,  %jji\j  aSI>-  ij^S^ 

khaUat  hdlaho  hU  ^tnr. 
Vindicated,  i^  maharrartj^Jjt^ ma^%ilr. 
Vindication,  j^  tabrlr,  ^Jj  Usakiyah^ 

Vindicator,  «.  jS:ju%  mu^ioir. 
Vindictive,    M\^   muntakim,    ^^\Ssj\ 

intikdml.    See  Bevengeful. 
Vine,  t.  ^^kmm  (pi.  /^j^  karUm)^  iJi\j 

Vinegar,  JU-  khaH.  [ddliffah. 

Vineyard,  «.   a^T  karm.      A  vineyard 
newly  planted,  Jo  J^  a^  karmjadld. 

Vintage,  fc^lkS  ib'^d/.   To  gather  in  the 

vintage,  u-iLS  ibto/l 
Vintager,  uJlLS  ib^M/. 
Vintner,  «.  jUi£>«  khammdr,  [ribdh. 

Viol,   «.    (musical  instrument),    c^Vj 
Violable,  |^^^^a:31  ,j^Lk^  mumkin  annakd, 

^jokij  yunkad. 
Violate,  v.  (injure,  hurt),  ^l>.  khdlaf, 

^joAJ  nakad;  (to  ravish  or  deflower), 

C^^Aa<«A.^/«faA;  (to  break), 

^**^  fasakh.    To  violate  an  agreement, 
^jo^  nakad,  S^\  \^  fatakh  al  ^dhd. 

Violated  (injured),  (^^>^^  mazlum,j^^L<i 
makhur.  See  Oppressed. — (ravished), 
*  c-  -.  ^  munhatik,  A  violated  woman, 
mafduhah.  Violated  (as  an 
agreement),  ^jeSx^^  muntakid,  ^joyAU^ 
mankud,  ^yuJ^^  mafsHkh, 

Violation,    Ji?   ««/w,  ^^  j'dhr.      See 

Inj  ury,  Violence. — (ravishment),  jlicj  \ 
tbtikdr.  See  Kape. — (infringement  of 
agreements,  etc.),  ^JaSJ  nakd,  '^ 
^Xe^l  faakh  al  wa^. 


Violator,  f.  (injurer),  .Us*-  jMar,  J\ 
wSXim.  A  violator  of  agreements,  Ji 
nakid,  J^l  '^MfUikh  al  ^aki. 

Violence,  j^j  %awr,  -^  jakr,  jfrj^' 
4^«X«?  ta^addf,    j^j  raghm^  h  l&i 

See  Violation,  Injury,  Force,  Outrsji 
Oppression,  Tyranny;  Attack,  AaBcL 
Murder  ;  Vehemence. — To  offer  : 
commit  violence,  ,m^^jalar.  2^  tela 

See  Oppress,  Violate. — So  nov  his  sos!  vi 
restored  to  him,  after  he  had  thovght  \ss. 
at  the  point  of  destnictioB  by  reasoa  d  a 

violence  of  his  fear,  ^^^^  ^  ^-j 


Violent,  JjjJ»  ihadfdy  ^^um»,  ^- 
(passionate),  <■-  fyar  ghaiai.  A"*- 
lent  wind,  (.^Ic  ^j  HA  'M^f-  ^ 
Tempest.  —  To  lay  violent  hands  J 
himself)  ^l»-  (Jii  katal  halah. 

Violently,  \j^jahrant  )j^  kakra.  y\ 

Tempestuous. — And  then  he  examropi*'^ 
his  ejes  the  writing,  and  he  found  it  tc>  V:  i 
of  his  daughter ;  whereupon  he  vert '  i 
mother,  weeping  violently,  so  that  bi*  >■> 

•  was  wetted,  )aser  \j^\j3  \^^  i^-^- ' 


Violet,  ».  ^**^  hana/saj.  [•  . 

Viper,    8.   jJiil  t/*t<»'»       Vipers,  j- 
Virago,  «.  ^d^  S\^l  amraakfaJdsi 
Virgin,  «.  U*Xc  ^azrd(pl.  c5;'*x:  tdsr* 
See  Maid. — Vii^n,   ^^    Wr.    * 
Maiden.  [^^ 

Virginity,  IjMi  hakdraL     See  ibi>i 
Virtual,  jJuL^   mukaddar,  J^J  - 
i^yjt^  97ui&9iat9t,  ^S;^ jihiUi, J;J 

gharltl,  t^jib^  jawharl.   Seek:* 
Virtuality.    See  Virtue,  Efficacy. 
Virtually  (in  effect),  i3\3  J  f\  *^ 


VIS 


( 1075  ) 


VIS 


5^U\ 


rtue  (moral  goodness),  aLmoj  faMah. 
See  Excellence,  Probity,  Bectitode, 
Piety,  Goodness.  —  (efllcacy,  power, 
Intrinsio  qnality),  ^^t>  2^  hkwat 
tatiyah,  ^U-  khdauyah.  SeeBravery, 
Goarage,  Valor.— Magnetic  Tirtue,  iy 
^il^^  kawat  al  jdzibah;  (without 
power  or  efficacy),  ^Ui^lsw  lb  hUd  khdi* 
siyah.  By  yirtne  of  a  royal  order, 
^^UaUl^l  c--**uflsr  hi  hasdb  amr  at 
9uUan,     By  virtae  of,   ^^c>-^^    hi 

mujib.  Please  listen  to  my  naTration,  which 
is  verj  strange,  which  moves  to  tears,  and  at 
the  same  time  provokes  smiles.  I  am  a  man 
whose  virtues  are  exempt  from  any  defect,  and 
about  whose  glory  and  immcDse  merits  there 

is  no  doubt,  u».^/y^  ^li  ^^j*x^  «-4-i\ 

irtuous  (good),  Jjli  fddil,  ^U  sdlih 
(fern.  lai\^  idlihat).  See  Good,  Pious, 
Excellent.  —  (chaste),  lyt^   idhirat, 

m  * 

irtuously,  iL^  JCj  hikol  fadllah  ; 
(chastely),  iks.  J^  hikol  Jffah. 

''irulence  (poison),  ^^^iscmm.  See  Venom. 

''irulent  (poisonous),  ♦am^  mmtmm\  (ma- 
lignant),^^ ifuurir. 

''inilently  (poisonously),  ^\i  hissamm ; 
(malignantly),  jduJ  hisharnn. 

''isage,  ^^  wajh.     See  Face. 

^iscid,  viscous  (glutinous,  thick,  tena- 
cious), fjjJ  deheh,  A  viscous  plant 
(producing  bird-lime),  J^i  J  dihk. 

Viscidity,  viscosity,  J;j  J  dahak. 

risibility,  visibleness,  j^  xtiAfir. 

risible,  j^cl:>^  moiMBflr,  -^^  wrf  A,^lb 
tdhir^  Ja:i\  JjU  kdhil  annatir.  See 
ConspicuooB,  Open,  Apparent. 


Visibly,  ^Ib  ^y  hiwajhin  idhir,  \^\fe 
%dhira9^,j^a:>^cyj  hi  fiaw^n  mantikr. 

Vision,  fOi  hatar,  Sj^^a)  haiirah,  irjJblu^ 
mtif Ad^MloA,  jaj  fuuar.  See  Sight. — 
(a  phantom),  d^i<«Jb^  »jya  iUrat  wah- 
miyat,  JU^^  khiydh  See  Spectre. — 
Visions,  CL^Hl^  khiydldL 

Visionary  (imaginary),  ^Lfl^  hhiydh^ 

^jy^  toai^t^irf,  Ji^^O^  mutakhayyH, 

Visionary  (man),  #.  ^j>-)'^i<i3}^,  ^^ 
mift^frl  3t7  rHyd  walwaki. 

Visit,  r.  (pay  a  visit),  M  %dr.     If  your 

promise  of  an  actual  interview  be  false,  grant 
the  lover  a  tdte-a-tete  or  a  visit  in  sleep.  But 
how,  they  replied,  can  the  phantom  present 
itself  to  the  eye  of  a  person  firom  whom  sleep  is 

banished?  *jl)Jj  J-^jJ^  ^^-^  j^l^  ^^ 

jyf^^  ^y^^^  ^'^^ '     ^^^  she  said  to 

him,  0  my  brother,  how  art  thou  and  how  are 
my  mother  imd  the  daughters  of  my  uncle  ? 
And  he  said  to  her,  O  my  sister,  they  are  well, 
in  prosperity  and  great  happiness,  and  nothing 
is  wanting  to  them  but  the  sight  of  thy  beauti- 
ful face;  do  us  then  the  honour  of  paying  us  a 

visit,  c:i3U  UtJ  ^\  b  ^  LsJUi 
jJ^  (Jac  laa^^  j^,  ^^  ^\  ^^^  * 

Visit,  8.  ij\ij  ziydraL  A  place  of  visita- 
tion (as  the  tombs,  etc.,  of  celebrated 
men),^i|j^  matdr.     See  Pilgrimage. 

Visitation  (affliction,  punishment), 
ih^^Jju  ta^lh,  <0^A£  ^uk&hat. 

Visitant,  visitor,  «.  jAj  tdyir.  A  visitor 
or  inspector,  ^Jt:iiu%  mufattiih, 

Visaal,  ^Jia>  noMfi.  See  Optical. — 
The  visual  faculties,  ^«aJ1  iy  kikwai  ol 
hatar.    See  Vision. 


voc 


(  1076  ) 


VOL 


Vital  (having  w  oontuning  life),  ^^ 
hay\  (giving  life),  ^^^*«^mii^;  (re- 
lating to  life),  i^b  jLc/t  rnnAi^t^ 
lU  hayah.      The  vitfd  powers,   ^^j 

Vitiate,  r.  JuJl  af$ad.  See  Spoil,  Gor- 
rapt;  also  Violate,  Deflower. 

Vitiated,  Jywi^  mafiud,  c,.^^.^  ma^yili, 
Ju»li/!UtJ.       [Gormption,  Violation. 

Vitiation,   vitioeity,   jUi  fiuad.      See 

Vitioug,  JurfU  /diidf  jijJ^  sharir.  See 
Vicious.  L*y^fi' 

Vitreous  (consisting  of  glass), 


Vitriol,  y-2fiL\  ^j  %aj  (Miar.    Spirit  of 

vitriol,  JasiS  -ji^l  ofTfiA  td  a^m. 
A  vitriol  mine,  ^j  ^^^m^  ma^n  »dj, 

Vitriolate,  vitriolated  (consisting  of  or 
impregnated  with  vitriol),  t^]j  ^fi- 

Vivacious,  vivid.   See  Lively,  Sprightly. 

Vivid  (as  colours),  J^jU-  ^^  laum  hddik. 

Vivacity,  vividness,  vivaciousness,  jjj»a 
^Ifjl^  iurHr  wa  tbtiksj.  See  Live- 
liness, Sprightliness.  [Revive. 

Vivify,   vivificate,   ^<*^^    •*y«'-      See 

Vivific,  yj^  muhyi. 

Vivification,  \^\  ihy&. 

Viz,  videlicet,  ^jjq  yaM,  ^j^\  aM. 

Vizir,  $.  (minister  of  state),^J^  wazlr 
(pi.  \jj^  waiiord).  The  grand  vizir, 
fia^\jlj^\  al  UHtilr  al  a^%am.  The 
dignity  of  vizir,  ij\j^  watdrat    Most 

honoured  vizir,  (^^^jij^y^j*^  <^«^- 
latln  tnMT  mufaihiAam,  Your  Ex- 
cellency (to  a  vizir),  fS^**^  dawlatkum. 

Vocabulary, «.  ^tUt  i^\s^  hitdh  al  loghah. 

Vocal,  vJ^  Mowtl, 

Vocation  (calling  by  the  will  of  God), 
"  kJ  aQl  i^J  da^wat  aUdh  ta^dla\      I 


Vocative  (part  of  speech),  4^oU^l  §1 
muudda\  A  vocative  partide,  (-3;^ 
1  jjf  harf  annidd.  [Outcry. 

Vociferation,  ^1^  ««rdU.    See  Clamour, 

Vogue,  (^  %ay.     See  FaabioOy  Mode. 

Voice,  LZJ^  sawU 

Void,  ^U.  hhali.   See  Empty,  Yaeoat 

—(null,  vacated),    ^y**^^    mnMkk, 

Jt\)  Uiil,  J^,  hatM. 
Void,  «.  i^  khald. 
Void,  V.  (leave  empty),  ,^-33  faddi^ ;  (to 

make  nuU),  JL\  ahiai.     See  Nullify, 

Abolish,  Abrogate,  Bepeal. — (to  poor 

out),  u,.^d  takab.    See  Shed. 
Voided  (emptied),  ^^U^  ikoM,     1^ 

mukhaUa\ 
Voidness,  Ll  khald.     See  Emptiness. 
Voiture,  «.     See  Carriage. 
Volatile,  volant  (flying  Arongli  the  sir\ 

jU?  idyir.       [See  Ficklenen,  Levity. 
Volatileness,  volatility,  ^^^   Idyaroji. 
Volcano,  t.  jU  fj^jabal  ndr. 
Volubility  (of  speech),  XliL^  wnmaiaUi; 

(mutability,  liableness  to  change),  i»«Xf 

ctjIJ  ^4kfam  M^S^. 
Volume,  f .  jL^  MujdHad.     A  book  cf 

two    volumes,    ^t^^p^  4^1:.^   htai 

mujaUadayn. 
Voluntarily,  J^^  l^]j^  JCj  hiiol  trids- 

tin  tea  iba^a/,  jUir>-^  J^  hiiol  HMyar, 
Voluntary,  ^^LifiUl  ikhtiydri. 
Volunteer,  «.   (soldier),   ^ jl^U  ^j. 

^askari  hi  irddatiki. 
Voluptuary, «.  {aho  voluptuous), 

i^^    idhih   iht^ai,   (^^th^ 

SjJL^^  idhib  ^yih  wa  ^i$kraL 
Voluptuously,  miCj  ijxj  biJtel  <mmcc 

^Luii  {^f^  biihahwuttn  na^ 
Voluptuousness,  U^  safil,  mjcJ  kma^^ 


VOY 


( 1077 ) 


WAI 


xiit,  V.  9Jo^^  Uiafraghf  j3^  natah. 
cnit,  Tomition,  i.  (act  of  Tomiting), 
:.  \yc>^\  Utifrdgh.    A.  Tomit  or  emetici 

Jfix^  munaittk. 

racioas,  J^  akkil,  Jll^  aikdL 

te,  9.  i^\ssxji\  CJy^  sawt  alitUtihdb, 

Vo  vote,  v-^rcU^  intahhdb. 

»tiTe  (given  by  vows),  j[*«X2^  fnamUr. 

»ach,  V.  i^^Jl  Mitf^.   See  Attest,  Prove. 

>acbed|  C^^^  nuuhut.    See  Proved. 

>ucher,   ijlfl   ihahddat,  JJj  AiAJ. 

See  Proof,  Witness, 

^uchsafe,  r.  .^w«  immaA,  ^^^  «0iiuiAy 

^Jl£  aa31  tfit^afn  ^a2t»'.     See  Permit, 

Grant,  Condescend,  Deign, 
ouchsafement,  ifj\s^\  tjdxah.  See  Grant, 
Permission,  Condescension. 
ow,  «.jjJ  fuasr  (pl« jj^i^  nm&r).     Any- 
thing dedicated  to  God  in  consequence 
of  a  vow,  j^tXi^  manzHr,     A  vow  to 

sin  no  more,  ^^f  tatohah.   Bestore  my 

lieart  to  my  breast  as  it  was,  and  let  my  ejres 
sleep  agaJA,  and  tken  forsake  me.  Do  yoa  think 
that  the  nights  hare  changed  the  tow  of 
lore?    May  he  cease  to  lire  who  ehangeth, 


^ow,  v,jdJ  nmar.     See  Promise* 

i^j>-  harakat.  Vowel  points  or  marks 
used  to  denote  the  short  vowels  to  be 
pronounced  with  the  consonant,  i^\j^^ 
a^db,  c^l^^  harakdt.  To  mark 
(Arabic)  with  vowel  points,  ^^^ 
*jLi^j^\  wada^ai  hartAdt. 

Toyage,  i,j^\jL»  wfar  oL  bahr.   Every 

one  who  heard  of  his  arriTal  came  to  him,  and 
inquired  of  him  respecting  the  state  of  the 
▼oyage,  and  the  state  of  the  different  conntiies, 


i»  ji 


and  he  informed  them,  ^^  Jj^  jL^j 

Yulcano.     See  Volcano. 
Yolgar,  /•U  ^dm;    (mean,  low), 

haHi^r.    The  vulgar,  {jJJ^\  /^^yc-  ^wdm 

annds,  ^^^^  awbdih.    See  Plebeians, 

Commonalty,  Mob.  [ness. 

Vulgarity,   9j\S^  hahdrat.    See  Mean- 
Vulgarly,  ^^W  ^Jti  J.>»ti"M.M^  Uf  hamd 

mutta^mal  bayin  anndt,  \^y%X'  ^ttmiZ- 

man.   See  Commonly. 
Vulnerable,  rj?^  yanjarih. 
Vulture,  i.  y*^  tuur  (pi.  jymJ  nuiur). 

The  falling  vulture   (a  star),  ^^mJ\ 

^1^1  annatr  al  trdib'^. 


W. 


W  is  expressed  in  Arabic  by  ^ ;  as  (ji^*^ 
muwdjik,  '  conformable,'  etc.     [Jester. 

Wag,  «.  iji!**^  moikharah.    See  Droll, 

Wage,  r.  (war),  <— ^l>-  hdrab. 

Wager,  «.  \pjJ^  shart,  ^j  rahn. 

Wager,  r.  ^\j  rdhan. 

Wages,  ^j]l£  ^tJu/aA,  Xj>'\  ujrah.  See 
Salary,  Pay,  Stipend. — ^Monthly  wages, 
ir^luA.^  mashdharah.  Daily  wages^ 
A^j£  yawmiyah. 

Wagon,  #.  i^jC  ^aba.     See  Cart 

Wail,  V,  .U  ndh.   See  Lament,  Bewail, 

Hoan. — Then  I  began  to  weep  and  wail  for 
myself  until  Tezation  overpowered  me,  and  I 
hlamed  myself  for  that  which  1  had  done,  and 
for  having  undertaken  this  voyage  and  fatigue. 


V/-*-'  ^  C^l>  L!^^  ^J^  4^  (^ 

Wain,  dL^^  ^aba.    See  Carriage. 


WAI 


( 1078 ) 


WAS 


•'  • 


Wait,  r.  (stay,  remain,  deiaj),  uJ«y 
tawakkaf.  Wait  for  (with  expectation), 
Jei:j\  inUnar,  ^^y  iarauod^j^  $ahar. 
See  Stay,  Watoh,  Expect— To  wait 
npon  (as  a  servant),  aJc^  ihadttm. 
See  Serve,  Attend. — (to  visit),j|j  %&r. 

Wait  (ambush),  ^j^  hammXn, 

Waiter,  9.  (servant),  a jU-  kh&dm. 

Waiting-woman,  «.  ^jle^  khddimdh. 
See  Maid-servant 

Wake,  waken,  v.  (rouse  another  ftom 
sleep),  laAjl  aykai.  To  wake,  be  awake, 
or  be  awakened,  iaA^\  %$iaykai.  See 
Watch. 

Waked,  laL:^  mf^aiUtiB. 

Wakeful,  ^JbL  •dAfir,  (^]^  Mhran^ 
laAjr^i*^  ivNM^ayibfk,  la^^i^  mutayakkin. 
See  Watchful,  Vigilant 

Wakefulness,^  «aJW»r,^fJ1  ij^  Imarat 

asiahar.  Distant  is  the  place  (I  seek),  and  my 
patience  has  failed.  How  can  I  advance  to 
ner  (to  my  heloved)  over  the  abyss  of  the  sea  P 
Or  how  can  I  be  patient  when  my  ritals  are 
consumed  by  Iotc  of  her,  and  I  have  eKchaoged 

sleep  for  wakefulness?  a^^j]j^1^ 

Walk,  V,  iJ^  «wiAl.     See  Go,  Move, 

Come,  Travel,  Pass. — After  that  I  arose  and 
stood  «p,  a&d  walked  about  the  ishind  to  the 
right  and  to  the  left,  unable  to  sit  in  om  place, 


King  said  to  her,  And  how  do  they  walk  in  the 
sea  without  being  wetted  f  And  she  said.  We 
walk  in  the  sea  as  you  walk  upon  the  land. 

Walk  (the  act  of  walking),  ^J^  moihL 
'W'ftiker,  t.  ^U  mdihl. 


Walking-staff,  «.  W  ^asa.    See  Staff. 
Wall,  «.  ko-  %^.  Hie  walls  of  a  tovn 

or  castle,  jJJ^jj-j  <ur  al  h^lmd,  j.w 

^Luiiil  tfir  al  bU^Mh.     See  Bampart 

Fortification. 
Wall,  V.  (incloee  with  walls),  ^^Ua^^  Jc 

J^   ^affioZ  Al^an  hoitoi;    (to  fortiff 

with  walls),  ^f><a>-  Aomcw. 
WaUet,  «.  J--JJ  Mniil,  J^^j-  «*««;. 

See  Sack,  Bag. 
Wallflower,  Jij/  htmm/uL 
Wall-louse,  ^^Uau^l  ^hakal  klidm,  J: 

Wallow,  r.  (roll  on  the  ground,  in  tbe 
mire,  etc),  i^  tammrra§h.  See BoH 

Walnut,  «,  Zj^  jawukh  (pi.  <^^5;*=r 

/(m^Q;  (coUec.)  J^  yaira. 
Wan,^iip\  oifar.     See  Pale. — ^To  grow 

wan,  X0I  m/^. 
Wander,  v,  (ramble  about)»^^(3  dor. 

Wandering,  ptLri.  and  A^f*.  ^^^  myyar- 
Wandering  in  mind,  adj.  ,jj<^>»  siattf- 
hayyir,  <o^r*^^  ^i^an.  Wandering 
in  mind,  «.  JJ^  Uraidud.  See  Ir- 
resolution. 

Wane  (decline),  J];^J  s^t^i,  ^jti^  nab, 
^UoAJ  fi«ibd».     See  Decreaae,  Decay. 

Want,  V.  (long  or  wish  for),  jjt-i' 
M^i^ ;  (to  need,  he  in  want  of),  ^^ 

lA^';   (to  he  deficient  or  wanting], 
fjas\j  jLtf  «dr  ttdifcw ;  (to  be  neoeasaiy }. 
\^j^j^j^  *dr  iforflrf. 
Want   (wish),    ^J^^  ffharad;    (need), 

gence),  <uC>^^  mMiffiuiA.   See  PoTertj« 
Penury. — (deficiency),    ijaaj    nab, 


^LaAJ  nuksdn.    Then  the  old  woman 

■aid  to  her,  0  my  mxstresa,  I  saw  («  dream)  a 
mj  sleep,  as  though  a  man  came  to  me^  aadttid 
to  me :  Thj  mistrea  and  the  son  of  the  Siat 
lore  each   other;    therefore  naa^ge  their 


WAR 


(1079) 


WAB 


ifTain,  carry  tlieir  letters,  accomplish  their 
iraat6,  conceal  their  case,  and  Jceep  their 
secrets;    so  wilt   thou   experience  immense 

;ood  fortune,  (J Ju^jL J^^l  l^  ci^Uj 

^^^j  I^^Lj^  L5^^i  Uj^^  L5**'>^ 

anting  (defective),  ^^U  nd^M.     See 

Deficient. 

antonnessy  iyiJ^  ahahwat.     See  Las- 

civiousnefls,  Licentioasness. 

ar,  *^j^-  harh.   See  Hostility,  Fight, 

Battle — Wan,L^tij9-huruh,  d^L^W* 

muhdrdbdt,   A  holy  war,  a  war  against 

infidels,  t^^i^  j'ihdd.  And  they  went 
thence  to  the  second  chamher,  and  opened  a 
closet  in  it;  and  lo!  it  was  filled  with  arms,  and 
weapons  of  war,  consisting  of  gilded  helmets, 
Dravidian  coats  of  mail,  Indian  swords,  lances 
of  Khatt  Hejer,  maces  of  Khnwaresm,  and 
many  other  instruments  of  war  and  hattle, 

iJLjf\j  -Ub  i^  ^  \3\i  AJ  lj\j:S^ 


cr^^^rKj 


i^jj 


j;^' 


ty*HH 


bjJl 


''ar  or  make  war,  r.  ^->;^  h&rab. 
^arble,v.  J^  iagharrad,  Jy  tarannam. 
See  Sing.  [Singer, 

''arbler,  s,  &^P^  mutarannim.  See 
''ard,  V,  ward  off,  ^c  ^1 J  ddfa^  ^a». 
See  Gaard,  Protect,  Defend, 
^ard,  s,  (young  person  under  guardian- 
ship), A^  yatim  (fern.  ^U^  ya/fmaA). 
See  Pupil,  Orphan.  Ihd/atah, 

hardship  (guardianship),  Alailsr^  mu' 
harden,  s.  ^^  «u«I,  liiU-  /i(S/£s,^U 

nasir,  (jw«^^  h&rw.     See  Guardian, 


Keeper. — ^The  warden  or  bead  man, 

^j^\  amln.    See  Chief. 
Wardrobe,  ».  ij\y>^  khizdnah. 
Ware,  JU  mdl,  ^^Ui  kumdsh. 
Wares,    Jf^^   amwdl,  lic^\  amti^at, 

••  s 

^lu4^)  akmUhat.    See  Goods. 

Warehouse, «.  ^o/^  makhtan.  See  Store- 
house, Bepository.  [See  Caution. 

Warily.      See    Cautiously. — Wariness. 

Warlike  (skilled  in  or  fit  for  war),  l^J^^^ 
muh&rtb\  (military,  belonging  to  war), 
^^  Karhl,    Warlike  accoutrements, 

4^^1  (ulihah.    See  Accoutrement. 
Warm,  .U.  hdr.     See  Hot. — A  little 
warm,   Jjlsju^   mu^tad%l\    (ardent, 

zealous),  jj^  ghayyur. 

Warm,  v.  ^jiy'  sakhkhan.    See  Heat. 

Warmly  (with  heat),  $j\jSsr,Hhardratin; 
(pa8sionately,angrily),  w^a^  JCf  hikol 
yhadah;  (zealously,  ardently),  Sj^  JiCj 
hikol  ghayrah. 

Warmness,  warmth  (heat),  ^^j^  hard- 
rat  ;  (passion,  choler),  c,  lu-ii  gfiadab. 
See  Zeal,  Passion,  Enthusiasm. 

Warn,  ».  jls**  khabhar,  ^J-c  iJj  nahhah 
^ala\     See  Admonish,  Notify. 

Warned, ^«^  ^bv«  i»a^^  ^Ao&ir. 

Warning,  i,  ^^  khabar,  ^^.y*  7  ^an^lA ; 


(advice),  A^:^  iumI Aa^.  See  Admoni* 
tion. — And  warning  by  public  examples  has 
been  clear  and  evident  for  thee,  but  thou  wast 
blind  to  it ;  and  truth  demonstrated  to  thee,  but 
thou  hast  controverted  it;  and  death  suggested 
to  thee,  but  thou  soughtest  to  forget  it;  though 
it  was  in  thy  power  to  do  good,  thou  hast  not 

done  it,  (j:.^>^ljci  j^\  uXl  CL-^lnfO 

Warp  (of  cloth),  yjfX^  9ada\     See  Woof. 
Warp,  V,  (bend,  become  crooked),  ^ 


"WAT 


Mtote^'.  See  Bend,  Twist,  Torn. — 
To  oaoae  to  be  warped,  ~^  ^motoej. 

Warped,  warpt,  ^jo-^  mu^awwaj,  i^-xsL* 
mwthanJ.  [^talai,  Ate.\  i^ldm. 

Weirant,  t.  (commiBaion  or  order),  i_iUr 

"Warrant,  v.  (gi  re  authority),  i„jas*-j  r*W- 
tiai;  (to  exempt,  secure  privilc^), 
i^\tuuAf  ^malahomu^f;  (toprove, 
attest),  ^JiJ^  harhan.     See  Justify. 

Warrantable.Jj^- ydyu,  l^^miU/*  nwid- 
lih,  fj^  lAyii,  J1L»-  hal&l,  ,*-^^ 
thar^ijj^  rttubarrar,  «;^J-J1  *-;-»;»-lj 
Kijib  attatkiyh.  See  Eight,  Proper, 
Just,  Justifiable.  [nUtahai. 

WarrBDtableness,  J^^yowdx,  iL^\:-*  mti- 

Warrantsbly,  JH^b  hil  haldl 

Warranted  (lawful),  iJy^  thar^,  J1U»- 
halat.  See  Warrantable.— (authorised), 
\je^f*  muralil^a*;  (proved),  i-^j^ 
nathiki,  J^AC*  mal/al. 

Warrsntise,  warranty  (authority,  com- 
missioii).  See  Warrant — (security), 
4\ii  kaf&hh. 

Wsrnor, «.  i^j^  ghsti,  J.&W*  mtt/'ehad, 
Jlv  batal.     See  Soldier. 

Wary,  jjii^'*  muklaxir.     See  Cautions. 

Was,  J^ldn.  Ho  wasrioh,  ^jJ.  J^jb 
Atl  kan  ghani. 

Wash.v.  J^kiyAaM/.  To  wash  tlie body, 
Jmu  taghattai.  See  Bathe. — A  wash 
or  a  washing,  J^^i  yAoiJ. 

Washed,  ^}yi^^  tnagkiUl. 

Washer,  i.  JjIc  gkitil.  A  washer  of 
linen,  )l-d3  kaitSr.  Elee  Bleacher. — A 
washer  of  dead  bodies,  Jluc  gheuAl. 

Washing,  part.  ,J-.U  ghitil. 

Wasp,  (.  ^wj  nmifir. 

Waspish.     See   Uali  - 

Waspishnesa.     See ' 


Wast,i^.*.o/^Mtr.Kri  bk.'  Te 
wast,  i,z~^  i.=^1  ontlwifjfen.c- 
i^,..;i^  Bfi/t  haUi.  And  the  !(>% 
tbe  home  imUed  uid  laid :  Sh*  ilu  ^ 
aftme  u  liks  mine,  but  I  Amrt  IhU  &.•. 
ue  hsu  the  Tcnci  that  thoovMndtui'j 

thou  wast  at  the  door,  h_<^U  •- 


dLjJI 


■>.A, 


Waste,  p.  (consome  unnecessarilj),  ^^ 
Mraf,  \—iiJ  talaf.   See  Destnj,  Sjce 

Waste  (desolate,  nncnltinled],  iJ- 
Uurab,  i^jjS^  vuiArHh.  BeeDcE 
aiio  Useless,  Superfluous. 

Waste  (consumption),  i^\j  IbHm 
(unnecessary  expeDditnre),wj|^  i^- 

Wasted,  i_J^^.»^  ma*r«/. 

Wasteful,     waster    (larish,   pro^- 

«««./.  i' 

Wastefully  (prodigally),  uJ|;-'  w^:« 
WastefUness,  i_*1^1  Mrd/. 
Watch,  «.  (not  to  sleep),^  **"  " 
observe),  jkj  tutor,  ld»J  ''i^  ' 
See,  Look,  Tiew.— (to  berigilt;' 
attentive),  mJ  tayaUiM. 
Watch,  wetchmas,  t.  j^_)^  iim, -i- 
nd^iir;  (attention,  obeervatioB;,'**^ 
mulshatak.    See  WatchfiiliK*'     i 
Watch  or  dock,  aaLi  nl^dii. 
Watched,  jjla:M«  maniir.  ' 

Watcher,*,  (onewhoobsemstranc- 

seer,  W 
Watchful, 

See  Wa 
Watchful! 

iniih&hii 

CareAiU 


WAV 


(1081) 


WAT 


ratclifalness,  »\sj\  mt^h,  ^laaJLt  mu- 
lahatah,  >r>^  hatlrat  See  Yigilanoe, 
GaatioD,  Attention. 

ratching.  See  Watchful,  Tigilant.  Too 
much  watching,^;fJt^^^«ir  M^aAor. 
Matchmaker,  (JULs  %^M\. 
rater,  U  wfl.   Bunning  water, s^j^  ^ 
ma  jdrl.     Water  flowing  in  the  form 
of  a  chain,  JLJui  salsdl,  J.j.mhI.,1  sal' 
sabll.    See  Meander. — Stagnant  water, 
*\^\p^  U  majdmid,jy^  ghadlr.     See 
Ditch,   Marsh,  Pool.— Pure  or  clear 
water,  Jlj  swteJ.    Bosewater,  Jj^  U 
md  t^ari.    A  carrier  or  drawer  of  water, 
iLd  Bokkd,    A  water-closet,  ^  Uw  c-^ jt 
oiad  ib^ikf,  (^jUl  c:^^  &a^^  a/  a<^&. 
Any  place  through  which  water  passes, 
U  fjijff  tarik  ma.   See  Canal,  Conduit. 
— Barley  water,^AAMJl  t«  md  ashsha^ir. 
Honey  water  (a  kind  of  mead  or  me- 
theglin),  Jj^\  L<  md  al  ^asal.  Bain 
water,  J^  t«  md  maiar.     A  water* 
wheel  (for  watering  fields,   gardens, 
etc.),   ^->ilJfc3  duldhf    \^\j£'  gharrdf. 
A  water-melon,   Am««s^  jahcua,   ^laJ 

^,rr<.l  5a^ai^  ai&AiJtfr.    See  Melon.— 

Water-gmel,    Ult  <0j|^   shUrahat   al 

md.    See  GrueL  .  [rash  md. 

ITater,  r.  (sprinkle  with  water),  t«  ^j 

^ateriness,  XoL«  mdyiyaty  ^.^j  rtUnhat 
See  Moisture,  Humidity. 
rave,  *.  — ^  mat^y  (pi.  ^'^^  amwdj). 
The  danger  of  the  waves,  ^y%i\Jia:>' 
khatar  al  amwdj.  The  agitation  of  the 
waves,  P9^y^  tamawwuj.  The  dashing 
of  the  waves,  ^^y'i^  fio^  ialdtum  al 
amwdj.  The  dashing  of  the  waves, 
and  the  agitation  of  the  stormy  sea, 
^^^\^^  j^lbj  ^^i\  ^\ji  iardkum 


ul  amvxii  tM  taJatmn  al  hahr  al  mewmii. 
There  arose  against  ub  a  contrary  wind ;  the 
sea  was  greatly  agitated ;  the  waves  were  like 
high  monntains  fighting  together:  we  despaired 
of  our  life ;  the  most  obscure  darkness  came  to 
cover  us,  and  I  said  to  myself,  He  who  risks 
his  life  is  blameable,  even  if  he  esct^e  with  it, 


£jj Jul  JuU^  LJbC  ^^J-j^  i^^  ^ 

Wave,  V.  (heckon  hy  waft  or  signal), 

Ui  ghamofi. 
Waver,  r.  (he  unsettled  or  inconstant), 

j\  -  -^^    lAWr,   OJ^   taraddad.     See 

Fluctuate. 
Waverer, «.  J  J^  c.^*..«»-U  <dAtB  taraddud. 
Wavering,  fl<^'.  c-^^ko^  muttarib,  JJji^ 

mutaraddid.     See  Inconstant. 
Waving,  wavy  (rising  in  waves),  ^^^^^^ 

Wax,  iu^«^  skam^.  Bees-wax,  ^Jii 
J^M*£  «^m^  ^al.  A  wax  candle, 
^umJ«  sham'^a.  A  candle  of  campho- 
rated wax,  «^j^^  t^  <Aflw^  kdfuri. 
Sealing  wax,  yi^^-l  w»^  «Aam^aAmar. 
A  wax  candle  maker,  oSXlt  skammd^. 

Wax,  V.  (cover  or  smear  with  wax), 

Waxed,  ^aJL^  mushamma^. 

Waxy,  L^M-S*  «^»i^f. 

Way,  i.  fjija  tarik.  See  Road,  Path.— 
(method,  maimer),  ^j  wajh,  A^ioj 
nitdm,  J^y^  minufdl,  2r«XclS  ^^u^A. 
See  Mode,  Custom,  Practice. — ^A  high- 
way, .•U  j;^^  ^arl*  ^a«.  See  High- 
way.—A  railway,  JJ^\  fjijc  tarik 
al  haild.  The  milky  way,  /•^acLll  ^\ 
umm  anfmjiim\  (to  guide  or  convert 
morally  or  religiously),  Jul^  rashad. 
In  the  way  of  the  Lord,  aU\  J^;^  t^t 


WEA 


( 1082  ) 


WKA 


/I  9ahll  %ttah$.  In  a  lawful  way, 
9j^\  Cy  '^*i«'v7  hi  hatab  aththar^,  [ejJt» 
9har^an,  A  loDg  way  off,  Juju  ha^id. 
To  be  in  the  way  (to  be  an  obstacle), 

^U  mdna^,  ^jOjl^  ^rad.  "Ways,  j^k 

iMrA.  He  rose  from  his  Bleep,  and  hsTine 
performed  the  morning  prayers,  mounted  ana 
repaired  to  attend  upon  the  8nltan,  and  he 
passed  in  his  way  by  the  door  of  the  palace, 

Wayfarer,  «.  Jts-fM*)^^^  ihn  asuihlh   See 

Trayeller. 
Wayfaring,  JLm^  musdfir. 

We,  ^^pT  naAn,  U\  uind.     And  we  fear 

to  demand  her  in  marria|^  of  her  ftther, 
for  he  would  reject  u^  as  he  has  rejected 
others ;  and  we  are  animated  with  feelings  of 
honour :  so  we  should  return  broken-hearted, 

Weak,  v,J^iL^  dld^f/,  >-l£  ^djiz.  See 
Feeble,  Langaid,  Infirm,  Impotent. — 
Weak  in  mind,  Ji«]\  (— fl«^  da^f  al 
^akl.  See  Foolish,  Spiritless,  Impru- 
dent ;  Soft,  Silly,  Pliant.— Weak  ar- 
guments or  premises,  4Jblj  (JL;Lt«xL« 
mukaddamdt  wdhiyat.  Weak  in  faith, 
^UjHI  u.Qj.t.^  ^'^^!/^  ^  Im'Sn.  Weak 
in  knowledge,  iAjKAi\  j^^jlJi  da^lf  al 
ma^rtfah. 

Weaken,  v,  l^caJ  da^^af. 

Weakly  (feebly),  iy  h  htld  kuwat,  JCj 
i^wJt  hihol  da^f. 

Weakness  (of  body),  uJm  da^f, 
^ja».  Weakness  of  mind,  Ji^JI 
du^f  al  ^M, 

Weal.    See  Happiness,  Prosperity. 

Wealth,  iljj  dawUt,  JU  »id/(pL  ^]\y\ 
amw&l)f^j^lfhana'  oryAwia'.SeeRiches, 


Goods,  Property;  Opulence.— Hcr- 
ditary  wealth,  C^j^  |JL«  aidZausr* 
rUM.    Ill-got  wealth,    a}j9^  JU  Mi 

JUrajn.  And  he  poaieiwcd  abnndmt  wealth  ad 
ample  fortune,  and  died  when  I  warn  a  T«csr 
child,  leaTing  to  me  wealth  tad  bnildiBfi  sad 

villages,  J\yjj.^  JU  **Xi£  ^,li. 
UL^^  \;L£c^  3U  _J  •      O  tboa  who 

lookest  upon  povertj  as"  if  it  were  a  dia^raet. 
wilt  thou  not  be  admonished  F  Thedi^nce  k 
wealth  is  greater.  If  thoa  take  it  iato  c<.«- 
sideration,  thou  wilt  peroeiTe  that  poTertr  hss 
an  immense  adranta^  and  BapenontTow 
wealth,  as  thou  disobeyeit  God  to  beeone  ncL 
whilst  thou  dost  never  disobey  God  to  faerx-Br 

poor!  c_,~«  *^ j;;  Jll^l 


'• 


c 


Wealthily,  ^  jCj  hihol  ghanif. 
Wealthy,  ,^:x  yAtfiif .  See  Bich,  Opnko- 

Wean,  v.  (put  from  the  breast),  J=f 

faiam. 
Weaned,  (^^^^  maflikm. 
Weapon,  «.  iS\    alat  (pi.   cl?JT  aldi,. 

^Li  wteA  (pi.   isr^l    MlfAaf).     See 

Arms,  Sword,  Spear,  Arrow. 
Wear,  wear  out,  v.  (a  garment,  ^tc  . 

^Li  katta^     To  wear  or  be  clothec 

with,  jjmJ  /ffitt.     And  when  I  gicv 

up,  I  put  my  hand  upon  the  whole  of  :> 
proper^,  ate  well  and  drank  well,  aswdsM 
with  the  young  men,  and  made  myself  hei8B> 
ful  by  wearing  handsome  apparel,  and  walked 

with  my  friends  and  companions,  Ul: 

Wear,  wearing  (clothing),  ,  j»U  /ibid^ 
See  Apparel. 


WEE 


( 1083  ) 


WEI 


sarinesSi  wearisoraeneasy  Lm^  ta^^ 

xc  ^ana.   See  Fatigae,  Languor. 

3ai7,  wearied  (fatigued),  ^J^  ta^n. 

?o  weary  (tire,  fatigue),  u^i^^  ta^cob ; 

to  be  or  grow  fatigued),  c»^ir7  U^eh. 
Lnd  I  rejoiced  at  my  arriTal  at  that  town, 
leing  wearied  with  my  walking,  anxious, 
ad,  and  pallid.  My  condition  being  thus 
hanged,  I  knew  not  whither  to  direct  mysslf, 


/J 


j\  J^  *  ^U  d 


*  jl^iitf  S\j 


jasel,  or  Scythian  or  Tartar  weasel,  «. 
the  sable  or  marten),  jy^^  sammUr. 
?he   white    weasel  of   Tartary  (the 
rmine),  ^iU  kakum, 
ioiher  (state  of  the  atmosphere),  il\^ 
^\  halat  al  hawd,  \yb  hawd ;  (season), 
^y  mawsam.   See  Sky,  Wind,  Eain, 
tc.    To  weather  out  (endure),  J-«c^l 
htamal,  ^^ao^  tdhammal,  j^a  %abar, 
)ave,  V.  0^  nasaj,  4l^I>-  hayyak. 
^aved,  -p.^M*i^  mansuj. 

^aver, «.  vJJoU-  hdyih^  <^^  hayydk. 
?he  weaving  art,  ^luJ  ntudjat. 
^b,«.  (of  cloth),  ^U^  lukmai.  A  spider's 
reb,  c:^^JLa]\  ^^  na«;  a7  ^ankahut. 
;d,  17.  ^JiJ  tawwaj.    See  Marry.     A 
redding,  (jw^  ^«rt.    See  Marriage, 
idded,  '<^^J^  mu%atffwaj\   See  Married, 
sdge,  «.  ^;aA^  M/t».     A  wedge  or 
1  ass  of  metal,  i.i.;^  ioblkai.  See  Ingot, 
idlock,  (jM^  ^«^<*    See  Marriage, 
tdnesday,  \MjJi\  a^  yniom  a/  arha^d, 
>ek, «.  9  ^f^^  oa^il^  (pi.  ^«;^^i  oidbl^). 

lekly  (every  week),  f^^  tK  i«^<M8*t ' 
Dnce  a  week),  2yi  iJi^^  J^  koljum^h 
zftrrah. 


Weep,  r.  (shed  tears),  ^J  Jomma^, 

^^  i^oifef  or  iaifea' .   See  Cry,  Lament. — 

And  his  wife  said  to  him,  Why  do«t  thou  weep, 
0  my  lord?  Who  mad©  thee  cry,  and  what 
made  thee  cry,  and  what  is  the  cause  of  this 

violent  weeping?  \jH,  iss>^^j  ^  ^^^ 

43J  JuuJ\  O  \sib  v....^^ 

Weeping,  part.  ^U  hdkl.   A  weeper, 
^\}  hdhi.     And  they  said  to  him, 

What  is  the  news,  and  what  makes  thee  weep  ? 
Thou  hast  troubled  f  worn  out)  our  life  by  tny 
weeping.  It  seemeui  that  thou  hast  conceived 
a  longing  to  see  thy  mother  and  thy  country, 


Weigh,  V.  (examine  by  the  balance),  ^j^ 
wazan.  To  cause  to  weigh,  ^^  woman. 

Weighed,  ^^jy  tnaw%lln. 

Weigher,  #.  ^|j^  wavidn. 

Weight,  iy  toflww^  (pi.  ^^j^\  auman  or 
ci^'Uj^  fOflJMidO.  Of  just  weight,  |*UJ 
^jj\  tamdm  al  wmdn.  A  weight 
(whatever  is  put  into  a  scale  for  weigh- 
ing anything),  iju  watnat.  Marking 
weights  according  to  standard,  jLc 
^iydr.  Weight(gravity,  heaviness),  JSJ 
tiki;  (authority,  importance,  power), 

ijjjkudrat.  When  the  Khaleefeh  saw 

it,  he  felt  its  weight,  and  found  it  to  be  heavr; 
and  he  gave  a  hundred  pieces  of  gold  to  the 
fisherman,  who  went  away:  while  Mesroor, 
assisted  bj  Jaafar,  took  up  the  chest,  and 
conveyed  it,  in  company  witn  the  Khaleefeh, 
to  the  palace,  where  ther  lighted  the  candles, 
and  placed  the  chest  before  the  Khaleefeh, 

^LJu  *j^y  s.^  lkl^\  hju  Uli 
Weightily  (heavily,  ponderously),  Jij 


WEL 


(1084) 


TTHA 


Ja>  Utol  iiU;  (importanflji  power- 

foUy),  ij^i  Si  MM  kudrat. 
Weigh tiness  (heavineBs),  Jij  tiki;  (soli- 

dity,  foroe,  importance),  iy  kUwai. 
Weightj(hea77)yJ«A;  «ai(i/;  (important), 

j^ji  lOxim^  Af«  muhim,  Aji^  *f«  mukim 

wa  IdMun, 
Welcome  (gratefQl,plea8ing),  J  ^^  mak- 

huL  To  welcome,  ci  t— .^"^J  tarahhah 

^  dl^U  ^draib  28^.  A  welcome,  iL^ 
tdkniyai  (pi.  (Jiff  ^dnl).  Welcome ! 
yon  are  welcome !  L^/«  markahd,  !U\ 

)lfrf^  akJd  Ufn  takld.    Then  he  washed 

his  hands,  and  thanked  them  for  this ;  and  the 
Master  of  the  honse  said,  Thon  art  welcome, 
and  thy  day  is  blessed :  what  is  thy  name,  and 

what  is  thy  profession,  ^  Jj  Jdu*i  ^\  jtJ 

Welfare, ^^^  kkayr,  5j\ju»  is^ddat. 

Welkin,  9.  \y^  kawd.    See  Sky. 

Well,  «.^  hlr,  iS^^juhh.  The  wells 
of  Joseph,  L.^^j^  hlr  yuiuf.  To 
dig  a  well,  j^^A».  kafarhtr. 

Well  (in  health),  c^  iayyH,  d^^c^ 
muta^dfi.  See  Healthy. — (happy), 
Juju)«a^|j.  See  Portunate,  Convenient, 
Good. — To  be  or  grow  well  (recover 
from  sickness),  ^JL^  skefl,  c^U?  tdb. 

Well,  adv,  aJu  na^m,  i.^^^  tayyih. 
Well  and  lil^jJ^^j^  khayr  wa  ahar. 
Well  nigh,  Ij^  lakrfhan,  UU  ykd- 
laban,  c^Ull  ci  fl  alyhdlib.  As  well 
as,  Ci3jk^U^  ^md  katalik. 

Well-beiDg,  4]^J  i^u^ZtvA,  JlJt  t>^(S/, 
ifjU.j  sa^ddatfj^  kkayr.  See  Pro- 
sperity, Happiness. 

Well-bred,  uJj^  sart/.    See  Polite. 


Well-natnred,  L^jJiJA  <^gj.U  fafi/o/ 
mtukrah.  See  Good-natored.  Et'^- 
Well-done !  \  jl>-  b  yS  kMnaa^  Jiiz 
Well-favored,  ^j***s^  kasan,  ,J^^a^/aMi/. 
Wench, ».  aLmp  M^yoA.    See  ICaid,  Giii 

Wept,  A  Ac  j^inA"*^  mutaaaaaf  ^^iayh 

Had  I  wept  before  she  did,  in  my  pasBon  O 
Saada,  I  had  healed  mr  sonl  before  mmtancf 
came.  But  she  wept  oefore  I  did ;  hs  tern 
drew  mine ;  and  I  said  Ute  merit  bdongs  w 

the  precedent,  cl^^^  ljb\JL^  J«J  p 

f^sL^  j^i  oJii  ux* 

Were,  as  we  were,  \I^  \a^  k^nd  hmad. 
If  I  were,  \j\  uu^  j!  ^tfw  hmt  «fti 

Were  it  not,  Hj)  lawld.      And  irhai 

she  recoTered,  she  said  to  her,  O  widud  «3d 
woman,  were  it  not  for  mj  fesr  of  God 
whose  name  be  exalted !  I  had  kiBed  tkn 

West,  «•  ^-^/^  fnagkrib  (pL  (--^il«^  w- 
ykdrih),  ^-^f  alykark.  Going  towirds 
the  west,  «.  <-r^/u  tagharrak^  i»^  a 
taykrth ;  pari.  L^jJt^^  mmgkmrti 
West, westerly, western, ^j^yibirfc  ' 

West,     westward,     westerly,    ^*J' 

i^yi\  lataraf  al  gkarb. 
Wet,  adj,  c^j  ro^ii.  See  Moist,  Dam?. 
Wet,  wetness,  ^^  rv/ftM,  iy  jJ  Mi&' 

waU    See  Moistore,  WeL      [Motstea 

Wet,  V.  v.^  I  ro^M,  ^Jj  JMid^*.  See 

Wharf,  ^^^j(.«  ma^ar. 

What  ?  L^  %/.  What  is  the  moil- 
ing? ^^:ji^\y^t«  mdk^  al  sw«Jm' 
What  is  the  advantage  ?  jfOjUSI  ^'^ 

mdkl  alfdyiddh.  In  what  state  ?  ^'«'' 
JU-  huty  kdl.  At  what  time?  i: 
what  hour?  uuJj  ^\^  hiay  w^H,  ^^^. 
^L>  ^My  idco^.     Is  not  death  thy 


WHE 


( 1085 ) 


VHE 


doom?  when  then  is  thy  preparation P  Is 
not  thy  hoary  hair  thy  warning  P  what  then  is 
thy  excuse  P  Is  not  the  grare  thy  resting- 
place  P  What  then  wilt  thou  say  P  And  art 
thou  not  going  to  God  P  Who  then  shall  plead 


t  .  • 


for  thee?  u«uj  <— >jv.tr.j  ^  a 

Ci^  ^^  Ci^-.^  ^^  ^1^ .    Were 

it  not  for  his  accomplishments  and  admirahle 
faithfalness,  he  had  not  heen  inrested  with 
authority  in  the  abode  of  kings.  What  an 
excellent  guardian  for  the  hareem  is  he !  On 
account  of  his  beauty,  the  angels  of  heaven 

Trait  upon  him !  ^Uj  ^^^«m^  ^  j\J  HjI 

UJ\  cJlUl 

« 

^atever,  whatso,  whatsoever,  ,^\  ay, 

Le^  mahmd,  \a1^  kollamd.    If  tboa 

wilt  do  so,  I  will  purchase  of  thee  whateyer 
oometh  up  for  a  hundred   pieces  of  gold, 

^^j^\  jit  U^  cLCIj  vjiJju  J^ 


^heat,  iL:^^-  Aon^a,  ^  kamh  (braised 

or  boiled),  J^^/  ^^9^"^^' 

lieel,  «.  ^i^  lojala,  sJj  hahara.   The 

world  like  a  wheel  rolls  round,  wherein  pleasure 
with  pain  reTolyes.  Now  the  youth  soars  above 
the  heavens,  and  now  behola  him  low  under 

the  stones, jj^aJI  ^ j^Jj  c^ljj^jjf 

lieeled  carriage,  «.  ^^^  ^araia. 
hen  (at  the  time  that),  t«  Jki£  ^indamd, 
i\  tz,  Ul  lamtnd;  (after  the  time  that), 
L«Juu  ha^damd.  When?  at  what  time? 

hence  ?  (from  what  place),  cJl:Jb  ^ 
9tan  i^ltfndifc;  (from  what  cause),  ^ 
.^^  J  min  salik,  tJ»M>g»-  ^  mtn  hayi; 
[consequently),  Ci3  J  J^ii  //^  ajl 

henover,  wbensoeTer,  Jf^  J^  holmar- 


raA,  u!  lammd.    See  When. — ^When- 
ever it  may  be  possible,  ^Jl^  Ul  ^oi- 
md  yamkin. 
"Where,  ci.^f>-  Aay#,  ^\  ay».     Where 
are  you  going,  ^j-ae:<j  ^^1  Jl  »^'  tfy» 

rdy^in.  Every  where,  %-«^^  J^ 
61^0/  mawda^.  The  King  then  arose  from  bed 

at  the  first  dawn  of  day,  took  off  his  clothes, 
unsheathed  his  sword,  and  went  to  the  place 

where  the  negro  was  lying,  dXllt  (^A3 

•  JuJl  iLi  ^^jj\  J^l.    Where  are  the 

kings  and  the  builders  of  towns  in  the  earth  P 
They  have  quitted  that  which  they  have  built 
and  peopled,  and  in  the  grave  they  are  pledged 
for  tneir  past  actions ;  there,  after  destruction, 
they  have  become  putrid  bones.  Where  are 
the  troops  P  they  repelled  not,  nor  profited. 
And  where  is  that  which  they  collected  and 
hoarded  P  The  decree  of  the  Lord  of  Heaven 
surprised  them:    neither  riches  nor  refuge 

saved  them  from  it,  ^j  cJ^UJt  ^ 

Whereabout,  C>>^g»-  Aay«.    See  Where. 
Whereas,  ^j  lianna;  (on  the  contrary), 

^\  w«   ma^an.      See  Since,  On  the 

contrary. 
Whereat,  t  jjb  Jp-H  %7  ^»d. 
Whereby,  ^^A  ^^  min  ayn. 
Wherefore  (for  which  reason),  C^jJ 

ligalik,  tjjb  J^H  liajl  hmd,  J^l^ 

(JL^  J  min  ajl  talih.    Wherefore  ?  (for 

what  reason),  IjU!  limdzd.  And  he 
put  the  royal  crown  upon  his  head,  seated 
himself  upon  the  throne  of  his  kingdom,  snd 
performed  the  affairs  of  the  people,  deciding 
equitably  between  the  strong  and  the  weak, 
and  exacting  for  the  poor  man  his  due  from 
the  emeer:  wherefore  the  people  loved  him 


WHE 


( 1086  ) 


wm 


exceedingly,  ^^  CJ^^H  ^ 


i\i  ^U1  JLLi\ 


1, 


V  p-*- 


d!l 


Wherein,  whereinto,  whereto,  where- 
unto,  1  JJb  4 /» ^««»  <-^^  dfiuUik, 

^  fih%,  IfJ  /tAs.  And  he  foand 
-within  the  house  a  great  garden,  wherein  he 
beheld  pages  and  uayes  and  ■enrants,  and 
other  dependents,  and  such  things  as  existed 
not  elsewhere,  save  in  the  abodes  of  idngs  and 

snltans,  UlsjyyJ  tS-'-J^  Jfii-^J    *^y 

iXjur;.^  \l^j  Ijli!^  ^  j^j  \^ 

Whereof,  aS  icjiSl  a/^st  /aAo. 

M 

Whereon,  whereupon,  ^uLt^^iJl  a^Ml 
^ahffhi.  And  then  she  pronounced  some 
words  that  I  understood  not :  whereupon  the 

.  locks  fell  off,  and  the  gate  opened,  and  she 
went  out,  I  still  following  her,  without  being 

perceived  by  her,  *^1  J  /♦IKj  ^,z^^a^^ 

Wherever,  wheresoever,  Ui*»-  haysamd, 

UjjI  aymmd.     That  their  meetings 

are  pleasant,  and  their  minds  tranquil;  their 
food  is  provided  for  them,  and  their  times  are 
bright  and  cheerful ;  that  wherever  they 
alight  they  pick  up,  and  wherever  they  make 
an  attack  they  gatner  the  spoil ;  while  there 
is  no  country  that  they  call  their  home,  nor 
any  sovereign  whom  they  fear ;  but  they  are 
like  birds,  tiiat  go  out  in  th'e  morning  empty, 
and  return  home  in  the  evening  with  a  full 

beUy,  *i^/t  j^^j  *^^y^  jH^  ^^ 
\^J^\  UJlj^j  ♦  \^  \^  Ujj^ 

Wherewith,  wherewithal,  Jtik^l^  ^^^ 

allazi  batcasiiathi.  Then  approaching  the 
man,  he  said  to  him,  0  Sheykh,  what  is  thine 
occupation  P    0  my  master,  answered  the  old 


man,  I  am  a  flshennan,  and  Yatw^  a  bmtj  to 
Tnnintain ;  and  I  went  foTtli  from  my  bciBt  &*. 
noon,  and  have  remained  mtil  bow,  hot  God 
hath  allotted  me  nothing  wherewitb  to  oinaic 
food  for  my  household,  therefore  I  havf  bsted 


myself,  and  wished  for  death,  mSIj 

Whet,  1^.  jlsw  ^du«f  ^amo/oAo  ^ai. 

Whether,  ^\  aw,  ^JS  ^^  t itidw.  Whethw 
true  or  false,  Jklj  /^\  ^J^  ^^  ^J  «ia« 
hat  am  hdttl. 

WlietBone,  t.  ^^^^  mMaitii, 

Whey,  ^;-^l  U  md  aljubn. 

Which  (i?rofi.  rdatwe),  ^^jJI  j2» 
(fem.  ^\  oJ^^i,  pi.  masc  ^^^^  •:- 
teln).  Till  which  time,  <.=-ij  ij^  ^ 
Ua*  ay  wakt.  Which  ?  {int0rro§.\  j 
ay,  \Ai\  ayyama.     From  which?  ^ 

^  mxn  man.       In  which,   ^,J^ 

allazi  hihu  See  Wherein. — And  I  ts-c^i 
away  the  earth  from  it,  and  found  that  it  «s 
affixed  to  a  trap-door  of  wood,  which  I  > 
moved.  Beneath  it  i^peanxl  a  staizcaseivi::^ 

I  descended,  ^  \i\^  S-'l/^^  i^zJ^ 

While,  i,  is^  mvddat.  See  Timc—i 
long  while,  a  good  while,  Jjj  Jt«  >> 
muddatmadidat.  While,  whilst,  >»^' <* 

md  dam.     In  the  mcanwhOe,  *a^ 

hbaynima,  I  entered  a  vineyard  one  uij  • 
eat  of  its  grapes,  and  while  I  was  thcr?  I  > 
held  a  falcon  pounce  upon  a  partridpe;  ~ 
when  he  had  captured  him,  the  partni?^  ^ 
eaped  from  him,  and  entered  his  nest,  sad  :*  :- 

oealed  himself  in  it,  L«p  u«^  ^z,^«>^- 


WHI 


(  1087  ) 


WHO 


And  Hanan  stood  among^  them  with  girded 
waist,  waiting  upon  them,  while  they  sported 
and  amused  wemselves,  rejoicing  ezceemngly, 


]a^^\   JjX^    ^^jfwjJ  <^JJ\^  cT*^-? 

Whim,  whimsy,  «.  JL>.  khay&L 
Wliimsical,  (>*icx^  mutakhayyil. 
Whip,  r.  -p-^^lj  ^-V^  ^''^^  hilkurhdj. 
Whip,  «.  i^^  mtf^ra^aA,  ^^^^  kurhdj. 

Whirl,  «.  ji^J  iai^,  ,j|;^*>  dawardn. 
Whirlpool,    ».    Jy    fwW,  ^^-4^  yhamr, 
^U.  JfeAo/f;.  [Wind. 

Whirlwind) «.  <Uj j|j  y)\abil%awha^h.  See 
Whisker,  «.  or  whiskers,  l^j\J^  shdrtb, 

or  c^f  «^  ihawdrib.     See  Kustachio. 
Whisper,  v.  lA^}  washwash. 
Whisper  or  whispering,  «.  Ij^yL^  wash^ 

washai;    (or  slandering),   ^U^;*^    na^ 

mlmah,  [Slanderer,  Informer. 

Whisperer,  s,  ^itytiy  muwashwish.    See 
Whist.    See  Hush. 
Whistle,  v.jLa  safar.    A  whistle  (with 

the  lips),  yJua  safir. 

Whistler,  a.^La  8djir.     Then  she  took 

forth  from  her  shoulders  two  pieces  of  Kamari 
aloes-wood,  and  took  a  bit  of  them,  and, 
haying  lighted  a  fire  in  a  perfuming-yessel, 
threw  into  it  that  bit ;  and  she  made  a  loud 

whistle,  \^k:^  ^  cu-o-y^\  l-fj\   mJ 

Whit,  i^AJ  nukta.   See  Point,  Jot. 

White,  ^ja^\  abyad.  White  men  (in 
opposition  to  ^*^y>^  suddn,  negroes), 
^La-j  hiddn.  The  white  of  the  eye, 
^«iil\  ^jo\j  haydd  al  ^yn.  The  white 
of  an  egg,  ^*a»Ji\  yjs>\j  haydd  al  hay  da. 

White-lead,  -.IjuLdf  tsflddj. 

Whiten,  v.  (make  white),  ^Ja^^  hayyad; 
(to  be  or  grow  white),  ^/a^\  (hyad. 


Whitener,  ».   ^ja  ^*  ^  muhayyid.      See 
Whiteness,  ^Uj  haydd.         [Bleacher. 

Whither,  LJ-^'v-  hays,  Ul«.^  haysumd. 

See  Where.— I  proceeded,  without  knowing 
whither  to  direct  my  course,  reduced  from  a 
mightr  to  an  abject  state,  and  walked  till 
I  amyed  at   the   summit  of  a   mountain. 

Whithersoever,  U:jt  aynamd,  Ul«»-  hay- 

9umd,     See  Wherever. 
Who,  reh  pers.  pron,  (^jJI  allatl  (fern. 

jjsl\  o/^l).   He  who,  ^  man.  Who  ? 

(interroy.),  ij\  ay.   WhoisitPyb^^ 

man  hu.     Who  came  ?  U>-  ^^  manjd. 

He  plunges  into  the  sea  who  seeks  for  pearls, 
and  he  who  desires  greatness  must  have  watch- 
ful nights,  jmi  UjJiL  ^r*>=^^  u^^ 
JUJ1^'*J.J\'^U.^^.     And 

I  heard  the  maid  at  my  bead  say  to  the  one 
who  was  at  my  feet,  Our  poor  master! 
What  a  pity  it  is  that  he  should  be  the  hus- 
band of  our  depraved  and  wicked  mistress ! 

Whole  (unimpaired),  ^^^^  sahih,  J^l^ 
kdmil,  JL)  idlim.  See  Entire,  Com- 
plete; Universal. 

Whole,  8.  Hasp- jumht,  Im  holliyat; 
{or  all),  Jjf  M,  '^f^AP^  jami'^  Upon 
the  whole,  iL^\  iS  f\  al  jumlah, 
A^\j  hil  Jumlah,  J^Wl^  wal  hdtil. 

Wholesome,  Is^  U^V*  muwdjik  lil 
sahhat,  «Jl3  ndjl^  See  Sound,  Salu- 
tary.— Wholesome  advice,  ^^^^^^  i^]j 
rdy  sdkih. 

Wholesomely,  is^\  ^\yt ^cyj  hi  naW" 
^n  muwdjik  assahhat.  [fahat  assahhat. 

Wholesomeness,     ls^\    iAj\^   muwd- 

Wholly,  Ll^b  h%T  koniyat,''!^^^  kdmUf 


WIC 


(loes) 


im. 


J*^b  M  tamal.  ^.U:!  j  httiwmSm, 

Wbom,  to  wIkhii  y«b/.  and  Micrrwf.), 
»b^  mfff&ho.    ¥nm  whom,  Jj^  i^jil 

«/i^  mMJU.     Witli  whom,  JJum  ^31\ 

cUni  mMjJm.  One  m^U  •Acr  tbe  advcBtiire 
alwre  deacribed»  die  Kbaleefeh  Haroon  Em. 
ibeed  nid  to  Jaa£v,  his  Wezeer,  We  vill  go 
down  Co-idgfat  into  the  citTt  and  iaqvire  re- 
apectiiig  the  tibin  of  thow'who  aze  at  prcecnt 
in  antli^tT,  and  him  against  whom  an  j  one 

riiall  oomplnin  we  will  displace,  ilAi 

Vjy  .Ju^J^  ^>  iLL^l  "Jli  U/i 
iU»  ^jj^  ijxa»  ^l;;^  J^.j^J^»^ 

Whore,  t.  iUL»-li/iAi«A4i,  ^Usr*  hMa. 
Whore,  r.  (commit  whoredom),  (j^  Mfia'. 
Whoredom,  Uj  stnd.     See  Fornication. 

Whose,  4^JJl  tf/fail  (fem.  ^\  aUail). 

8ee  Who.— Or  an  affable  man  "whose  aspect 
might  inspire  me  witii  confidence,  and  whose 
cooTemtion  might  reliere  or  quench  my  thirst, 

^^v  sft/^  ^5=^  ^v  ^j^  ^^V 

^jiLc .  And  I  saw  a  fish  two  hundred 
cubits  long,  and  I  saw  also  a  fish  whose  face  was 
like  that  of  the  owl,\^jb  iij^mi  vj:^]^^ 

^^\  ^^  Ji^ 

Whosoever,  ^  man,  i^\  ay.  Whosoever 

arriveth  at  our  city,  and  entereth  it,  God 
fiscilitating  his  entrance  into  it^  let  him  take 

of  the  wealth  what  he  can,  ^^^  ^jaj 

Why  ?  1  Jul  lima  zd. 

Wick,  i.  dJurJ  fatllah.    Bee  Candle-wick. 

Wicked,  ^^  iharlr,  ^JJ^  shakl.     See 

Bad,  Impious,  Profane. — And  the  fox  replied, 
I  hear  and  obey.  I  will  abstain  from  that 
which  pleaseth  thee  not ;  for  the  wise  man 
has  said,  Give  not  information  on  a  subject 
respecting  which  thou  art  not  questioned,  and 
reply  not  to  words  when  thou  art  not  requested ; 


totei 


.iraa 


ward  liiee  fior  it  witlh  cril. 


*^\  ^^  r- 


J. 


l^^.UJI 


\  ,.^X. 


w 


^^3j^.c^^j]j^ 


Wickedly,  jLJjjJL  JCj  UUs4flTvr« 

fudd. 
Wickedneaa^  jimifuad,^  iftor,  Z>  J 

hOdhat  (pL  ^Li  imidya). 

Wide  (hroad),  \joi^j^  ^fri^  t^^^  *^:- 
See  Broad,  Open. — (deviatiiig;  reacte 
Ju5u  ha^ld.    Wide,  widely  (withgR£ 
extent),  U«a|^  wdf^tfis,  Us£jn£  ^Mida 

(remotely),  ^*XMhat.tdan.    SeeFsr.— 

Till  the  end  of  my  walking  and  vnllii;  isxz 
conducted  me,  and  the  oommencemeiit  c<  r; 
good  fortune  introduced  me,  to  a  wide  s»*. 
where  there  was  a  ooneonne  and  a 


• 

•       -           V     _ 

Widen,  make  wide,  9.  (extend),  ^i^' 
^rrad;  (to  grow  wide,  be  exianditi 
^jaijS.\^  %dr  ^rid.  [Breftiu 

Wideness,    fjo^c    ^ard.      See    Widti 

Widow,  s.  A^j\  armalah. 

Widower,  J-^^1  armal. 

Widowhood,  J-^  J  iarammul. 

Width  (breadth),  ,jOj&   ^ard;   (cxtes- 
siveness),  isu:^  tPosuU.    See  Breadui. 

Wife,  «.  ^jj  zawjah,  ^Ji  karinat.   T 
take  a  wife, «.  aJJ  tanawtcaj,  ^Jj^lJ  UMiL 

Wight,  f^fAS^  shakha.  See  Person,  Beit;. 

Wild  (not  tame),  .  c^uif^j  teah$kl,    Ser 
Savage,  Fierce.— (desert,  nninhabitri . 


WIL 


(1089) 


WIN 


(in  a  state  of  nncaltivated  nature,  as  a 

1*  as 

country),  ^j)  harri,jj  harr,jytju»j^ 
ghayr  ma^Hr;  (nnciviliBed),  p^ 
^XCL^  ghayr  mtttamaddm,  IsuLc  ghaht. 
See  Bade. —  (irregular,  inconstant), 
j\Ji  <Jt!L»  mdldho  htr&r;  (imaginary, 
vi8ioaary,absurd),  ^yji\/tmtddkh(i^ilf 
^j^>i^^  wahml.  A  wild  beast,  (./^^ 
wahsh  (pi.  ^^^  louhHih). 

Wild,  wilderness,  ».  La?^  sahrd,  ^Jj 
harrigat,  ^j\j  hadiyah.   See  Desert. 

Wildly  (fiercely),  hJL>.^  JCj  hikol  wah- 
$hanat ;  (without  cultivation,  as  a 
country),  IsSjj  lb  Uld  sird^at,  l^ls  h 
hild  faldhat ;  (without  meaning  9r 
coherency),  ^.i*^  5b  hild  ma^\ 

Wildness  (fierceness,  savageness),  hJL^^ 
wahshanaL        [See  Trick,  Stratagem. 

Wile,«.  dL^  hllahy^^  mdkr,jd^ghadv» 

Wilful,  Juii  ^anld.     See  Perverse. 

Wilfully,  c\m  htcindd;  (by  design,  on 
purpose),  f  Jua3  kasdan,  Ju2fi!b  hiliasd. 

Wilfulness,  jUx  ^indd,  SeePerverseness, 

Wilily  (cunningly),  ^;iL«j  hi  mairtn. 

Wiliness,  dL^  hilah.     See  Cunning. 

Will,  ».  U;  ridd,  icl\j\  irddat,  Lj^ 
mashigat.  See  Desire,  Wish,  Want,  In- 
clination.— (command,  power),  ^LsLrLl 
ikhtigdr,  A  will  or  last  wUl,  JlI^^ 
fcaslgat  (pi.  bU^  loasdgd).  See  Testa- 
ment.—The  divine  will,    lU}  aISI  if jl^l 

f raia^  a/^sA  ta^dla\    Free-will, jL;^;-  \ 

ikhtiyar.  So  be  gare  him  the  pieors  of  gold, 
and  laid  unto  him.  If  it  be  the  will  of  God 
(whose  name  be  exalted !),  we  will  perform  in 

this  place  a  good  work,^  U  jJ\  ^Iksl  J 

Will,  V.  j\ .  rai.  See  Wish,  Desire.— 
(to  command),  S-^-  haiam,j^\  amar. 


Willing,  at^\  ^^]j  rdif,  v-^\;  rdghib. 
See  Voluntary. — God  willing,  dUl  \mj\ 
^bu  inihd  aUah  ta^dla\ 

willingly,  j\p^\  Xi  WJbZ  ikhtigdr, 

c^l^  u*^}^  lJ^  t?^*^  **^^*  ^^  t?y^' 

Willingness,  Uf  ridd.    See  Will. 

Willow,  <.  uJbdiitf  wfidf. 

Win,  9.  c^^Xe  ghdah.  [LJ  ilff&a^. 

Wince,  winch,  v.  (kick  as  a  horse,  etc.). 

Wind,  \ytb  hawd,  ^Tj  ^A*  ^^  ^&1®> 
Breeze,  Air. — The  north  wind,  \yb 
J  UmI  Aau^d  «Aimdft.  The  south  wind, 
Jc^,y^  ^y^  Aot^d  janUhl,  The  east 
wind^  iV/^  ^y^  ^^^^  fAarJ^.  The  west 
wind,  ^  r^  ^^  hawdgharhl.  A  gentle 
wind,  ^»^^  lUMim  (pi.  ^b*J  fuwdywi). 

A  favourable  wind,  (JJ^^y^  ^•^  hawd 
muwdfik,  A  contrary  wind,  (^Isr**  tyb 
hawd  tnukhdlif,  A  breath  or  blast  of 
wind,  di^  na/hat,  m^  noiim.     To 

blow  as  the  wind,  i^^^  habh.  See  Blow. 

■ 

Windflower,  $.  (anemone),  vJUju  ^jJiJii 
ihaklk  na^mdnl, 

• 

Windlass,  #.  ^jU2»£CU«  manjanlk. 
Window,  8.  cJC^  thuhhdk,  ^Ib  ^dib^, 
CL^lilb  idkdt.  And  behold !  A  window 


opposite  the  place  where  I  sat  was  opened,  and 
there  looked  out  from  it  A  young  lady  like  the 
full  moon,  such  as  I  baa  never  in  my  life 
beheld.    She  had  some  flowers,  which  she  was 

watering,  beneath  the  window,  \j\^ 
uu.cs:u  <U5bf  ^^jS\  ^UU!I^^  ISUaj 

j\ji  <uUJ  (J^ijJl^  ^UmpI^I/s  vz.^'s^y 

Windpipe,  $.  ijj\  L^  huahat  arrigai, 
i«^Al9-  halkUm. 

Windy,  v/^^  hawdg. 
Wine,  j^:>^  khamr,  JuJ  nahid,   "Fer- 
menting as  wine,^^c^  mukhiami^ 

69 


WIS 


(1090) 


wrr 


The  wine  of  Paradise  (nectar),  J-*asj  ' 
%anjdbil9  ^j;*i,iV  ianAm,yif  iawMor.    A 

cup  or  glasB  of  wine,  y**^  (j*» «  ^* 

khamr,  I  have  abandoned  wine,  and  those 
who  drink  it ;  and  have  become  the  friend  of 
such  as  condemn  it.  Wine  leadeth  astray  from 
the  path  of  rectitude,  and  openeth  the  doors  to 

evil,  iL  J^  <^^J  ^\r^3  ^^^  ^^f 

Wing,  «.  .^cj-  janh. 

Wings,  i^^\  ajnahat  Flapping  or 
flattering  the  wings,  ^^^U^j*  ^JSLa 
saffakjandhaho.  See  Flutter,  Flap. — 
The  right  wing,  iL«^  maymanai. 
The  left  wing,  I  y^*^  mayiorat 

Wink,  r.  (shut  the  eyes),  f^a^  yham- 
mad.  To  wink  or  tip  the  wink,  J^ 
yhanun.  To  wink  or  connive  at, 
J^\  ^^^cA-^S  ayhtnad  anntnar. 

Wink,  syk£.  ghamnah,  Is^  lamhat,  HaJ 
lahsai.    See  Twinkling. 

Winking,  part  J/sU  yhdmii. 

Winking,  «.  »J^  ghamMh.     See  Wink. 

Winner,  «.  i,....^!^  Miib,     See  Gainer. 

Winning  (attractive,  charming),  c^OjU 

Winter,  l:i^  «A»M.     The  intense  cold  of 

winter,  \s^S\j^jf«J  mmharlr  atJahita, 

Winter  quarter,  \cjL^  tnashtd. 
Winterly,  wintery  (suitable  to  winter), 

i^^  ihaiawi. 
Wipe,r.  ^***^  maMk\  (make  clean),  \^juai 

naddaf.     To  wipe  out  (efface),    '^ 

nasakh,  Jlu  haUal, 
Wipe,  8,  (act  of  cleansing),  ^***^  iwmA; 

(sarcasm),  ^^^  fei^n. 
Wiper,  «.  (cleaner),  ^U  masih. 
Wisdom,  i^i^  hikmat.  See  Knowledge. 
Wise,  fS^  hakim,  JiU   ^aJcU.     See 

Sage. — A  wise  man.    See  Philosopher. 


Wise,  ^^  «'«;'%.     See  Manner. 
Wiseacre,  «.  ^^4^t  oAmoi.    See  Fool. 
Wisely,  Jac  J^  JiW  ^«K,  iiL*.  JC* 

^ijb^  hikmtU.     See  Sagely. 
Wish,  17.  je-^  tam4miw\  j\j  rod,  u^; 

raghib.    See  Desire.  [mifrdi. 

Wish, ».  j<i^  tomaiinl,  j^  tAcwi^,  S^j^ 
Wisher,  _i^CL^j7Mi^ffMin]it.  See  Wishful. 

Wishfiil,  wishing,  c^-^j^ raghUh, (j^^ 

mushidk. 
Wit,  r.  t<ju  ya^nf,  vix. 

Wit  (powers  of  the  mind),  Ja£  ifli«, 
^i  aiAw,  C)\jj\  idrdk,  U^^faramU 
iy^J  %akawaL   See  Fancy,  Judgment. 

Wits  (sound  mind),  ^Jif  ^U. 

Witch,  B.  a^L»  sdhtrah.  See  Soroerws 
Enchantress.— To  witch.  See  Bewitch 

Witchcraft.     See  Sorcery,  Necromancy 

With,  ^  ma^.  With  him,  iju^  mdi^ 
<U  JiX».  With  reverence,  /•^r^V  ^' 
a^tram.  With  difficulty,  with  mach 
sido,  g/  ^J^  ^*  karahm.  With  ease, 

dJ^^AMj  hi  nihukU.   With  child,  -Uto- 

hamilah.  See  Pregnant — And  he  inTestei  tt 
with  a  handsome  and  costly  dress,  and  I  bccaiisf 
a  person  high  in  credit  with  him,  in  isterccasi' : 
and  in  accomplishing  the  affairs  of  the  people 

Withdraw,  v.  (take  back,  deprive  of, 
mJx.  ^adam;  (to  retire),  /^jS>^\^r^^ 

Wither,  r.  Jj  J  A?W.  [Kctreat 

Withered,  JjU  aafti?. 

Withhold,  V.  (keep  back),  «-Mj\  flifi*/- 

Within,  J=Lb  rfdit^i/.  See  In.-Jaafar 
and  Mesroor  then  broke  it  open,  and  theTfoi»i 
in  it  a  basket  of  palm-leaves  sewed  up  withnfl 
worsted ;  and  they  cut  the  thready  and  ja» 
within  it  a  piece  of  carpet,  and  lifting  upo^-' 
they  found  beneath  it  an  iiar  (a  vefl);  aw  ^ 
they  had  taken  up  the  veil,  they  diseom** 
under  it  a  damsel  like  a  bar  of  noltesA'Tff. 


WIT 


( 1091  ) 


WOM 


killed,  and  oat  in  pieces, jf|^4M^jf^AAs^ 

1^  Jc»-y  ijjsi\  \^Ui  l^luj  irJ^iLAAJl  J 

Within,  withinside,  J^b  J  /i  JaitAi/. 

Without  (not  within),  \>-j^  khdrijan, 
-^j^  hhdrij,  \jb%  %dhiran,  \j}  harrS ; 
(wantiDg),^  ghayr^jJo  highayr,  J  Id^ 
ti  hila.  Without  hoandB,  J^  h  hild 
hadd.  Without  cause,  c->»iw»  If  hild 
sabah.  Without  donht,  if\^\  h  hild 
ishtihdh,  K^^^jh  hUd  rayh.  Without 
delay,  ^U  Jb  hild  taakhlr,  Jlf*\  lb 
hild  imhdl.  Without  neglect,  JUj^^  ^ 
hUd  ihmdl.  Without  order  (irregular), 
j^Sf  h  hild  tadblr,  u-^y  lb  hild 
iartih.  Without  heeitation,  JJjj  h 
hild  taraddud.  Without  proof,  CL^\Jj\  h 
hUd  iihdt  Without  asking,  c^^JJ^  )b 
hild  talab.  Without  advantage  or  profit, 
2FjjU]b  hUd/dyidah.  Without  polite- 
ness or  decency,  i^k}\  )b  hild  adah. 
Without  understanding,  ^Jac  )b  hild 
^M.  See  Ignorant.  — ^Wjthout  circum- 
spection, l^Ll^-^  lb  hUd  ihtiydt.  With- 
out justice,  J*Xc  lb  hUd  ^adl.  Without 
pity,  isLsJii  lb  hild  $ha/akat.  Without 
amhition  or  emulation,  ij^  lb  hUd 
ghlrat.  Without  measure,  ^^Ui  lb 
hUd  kigdi.  Without  constraint  or  com- 
pulsion, jLs^li  ^jma^hihoMnaHkhti" 
ydr.  Without  (unless),  HI  illd,  1\^  tea 
iUd,  J  ^\  in  lam,  SjS  lawld. 

Withstand,!;.  a^U  kdwamf  v^b« mdna^. 

Withy.     See  Willow. 

Witleas.     See  Ignorant. 

Witness,  #.  JUbLi  Mhdhid.    To  call  or  take 


to  witness,  cite  a  witness,  hring  wit- 
nesses, J^  shahhad.  See  Prove. — To 
witness  or  hear  witness,  J^  shehod. 
See  Attest,  Testify. — A  creditahle  wit- 
ness, J  jU  jJbUi  shdhid  ^dU. 

Witnessed,  J^fuL^  mashhtUl. 

Witnesses,  J^  ahuhud;    (testimony), 

if  jl|^  tikakddat.  Thou  art  without  an 
equal  among  mankind,  the  sovereign  of  beantj, 
and  I  have  witnesses  to  prove  it.  Thine  eye* 
brow  is  like  a  well-written  Noon ;  and  thine 
eye  like  the  letter  Sad,  the  work  of  the  good 

God,  ^^ILL,  *c0jj\  J  JyJ.1\  kj:^\  U 
^^\  tlCrj-U-  *fc.y^  s/"^^  cT*^ 

s 

Witticism,  «.  £z^  nuktah,  [Jirdaat. 

Wittily,  irfl^^^jjic  ^JG  hikol  ^Min  tea 

Wittiness,  ijl^J  %akdwaL     See  Wit. 

Wittingly  (knowingly),  ^LclLLb  ^i  itii' 
Id^ihi;  (hjdeagD),XaSjhikasd,  iJuoi 
kasdan,  Juofilb  hU  Jkoid.  [day y Us, 

Wittol,  «.  (contented  cuckold),  Cj^^J 

Witty,  ^js^**^  muikhin.   See  Ingenious. 

Wires,  C^U-^J  %awjdt. 

Woe  (grief),  J!  o/am,  ^  ^^m,  c^yxi^t 

itiirah.  Woe  to  you,  (il^^  toaylak. 
Woe  to  him,  ^^  waylaho.  Woe  to  me ! 
^Jj^  tcayll.  And  when  he  heheld  them, 

with  the  drawn  swords  in  their  hands,  he 
called  ont  to  his  people,  Myinr,  Oh !  woe  to 
you  I     Take  ye  the  heads  of  these  dogs ! 

^'^  L^V^3^  fii^k  ii^^  ^y  sj^ 


Woeful,  wohegone,  Jt^  mughim.    Sec 

Sorrowful,  Mournful,  Calamitous. — 
(paltry,  wretched),^^:«i».&nbr,(J  J  danl. 

Wolf,  «.  u^i  sl5. 

Wolfshane,  l^jJ\  J^jlsL  khdnit  aulh. 

Woman,  $,  d\^t  amraah,  A  young  woman, 
Mohiyah,    A  pregnant  woman, 


WOH 


(1092) 


W0B 


^dkink.  A  ehade  womsn,  JJuke^  ^4^- 

ftk.  An  impudent  or  immodest  womai, 

jy^lc  ^dkirak.    An  old  wommn,  Ji^c^ 

Womb,  «.  (mstzizy  ntenis),  *>y  rdbiy 

Women«  ^I^mJ  nwvdii.    Nerer  trust  in 

wosMB,  nor  rdj  vpon  their  vowi;  fer  thor 
plcanre  and  their  dMeuun  depend  iqKm 
their  po^eti.  Thej  offer  a  fiUee  tneetkn,  for 
peiiidjliirki  within  their  dreaei.  Bj  the  tale 
of  Joaeph  be  admoniahed,  and  guard  againit 

their  stntagems,  Jh^I^  'LJI  ^.«:l«Ij1 

L^JcmA  idaghrah.  Whereupon  he 
wondered  in  hia  mind,  and  waa  mored  with 

great  delight,  ti  t>^^(c*^  Ci3j  J^^jci 

Wonder,  c^^y^  ^<!f<t'^f  S^*^^  ia^ajfub, 
ifm»^  hlrai.  See  Amazement. — A 
wonder,  yjiiC*^  muc/tfaA.  See  Miracle. 
A  wonder  of  wondeiB,  t^*^ls^1  ^^sP- 
^J€^  dl  ^jdffib.     Exciting  wonder, 

Wonderfnl,  wondrous,  ^^^  ^jlh,jj\j 

nddir.    See  Admirable,  Strange. — Of 

wonderful  beauty,  ^^j*uar\jj[j  nddtral 

htun.  Wonderful,  c^*^.^^  co/l^.  I  saw 
dtiring  that  Torageman  j  woadernil  and  atrange 
things,  snch  that  if  I  related  them  to  you  the 

description  would  be  too  long,  ^^^]j^ 

Wonderfully,  wondronsly,  Jar^i«.*%sS 

hi  ^ajabin  costm. 
Wonder-struck,  i^^Jt^^^  muta^ajfib. 
Wont,  to  be  wont,  9.c\sjU9j\^  tdrmu^d, 

jyu   ta^awtead.     Wont,  wontedness. 


WoatBd,i3\rja  #aHi^tt4,yAciatcy>>.i»g>k- 
Mik^hdyidtHL  See  Aeeordins  tscBstoBL 
Woo,  9.  ^}JL£.  ^mUL    See  Gomt. 
Wood  (snbstanee  of  trees  and  plantB\ 

IimM.  Wood  of  aloes,  J^  ^ti^  Th€ 
wofst  kind  of  aloes  wood,  iJl^L^^ 
idbr  iamamfdM(L  Brazil  cr  red  Tood, 
jifhiiiam.    Wood  j^epared  for  boM- 

ing,  iSm^  ianuU, 
Wood,t.  (forest),  ^^^  jbmA,^^Uyidl, 

JuU  ghahai.    See  Forest 
Woodlark,  «.  J^  hmhu^L   See  Lark. 
Woodlouse, «.  c.^A'f^l^JJ  M^alUaiiy. 

Woodman,     woodmonger,    woototter, 
woodseUer,  «.  c-^\L».  kMdh.    [doTe. 
Wood-pigeon,  a.  i%Ujyamdsi.  SeeTnrtie 
Woody,  ysr^*^  aitd^^. 
WooCT,  «.  ^J^Ia  ^aaAti.    See  Lorer. 
Wooing,  «.  Jhu<x  ^m^.    BeeCoortabip. 
Woof  (of  a  web),  t^J^  md^. 

Wool,    l^y^    tuf   (pL    l^\yc\    UVCcf 

Fine  soft  wool  (of  camels,  goats,  etc'. 

Woollen,  uJ^  tfi/  c^^  ^  sim  sif 
A  woollen-draper,  i^l^  ntwvdf. 

Word,  «.  ^uK  halimah.  The  word  «f 
God,  4d!\  U^  Mimat  disk  It  ^ 
word,    (•Kll  J->U.    AdM7  «/  irii* 

Word  by  woid,   JulG  JuK  U^ 
hi  kalimah.     Words,  cl^Ui^  Umit 

and  deed,  lUij  21^  iawlan  wsfi^- 
Word,  r.  liJl;  ^ifZofos,  ^  (ftUto 

.  See  Exppeas.— Then  the  Eng  asked  tke  ftmk 
aUveB  whether  ahe  had  apoken,  and  tbej  a^ 
to  him :  Prom  the  time  of  her  arrittl  t**^ 
preient  moment  she  baa  not  spoken  oac  va^ 

and  we  have  not  heard  her  talk,  ^1* «- 


won 


( 1093 ) 


WOE 


^^^Wij^JWi^^Si,^^^ 


Work,  V.  fjir.  t\  iMaghd ;  (produce  an 
effect),  y^  OBiOTtj^^  J^  ^««tf^  i^^r. 
To  work  up  (irritate),  \^^*nT\  aghdab. 

Work,  J*  ^amal,  JjL^i  shughl.  JmJI^I 
See  Action,  Act,  Deed,  Business, 
Labour,  Toil.        IkhdtMh.    See  Shop. 

Workhoase,  workshop,  8.  ^U-jl^  kdr- 

Working-day,  work-day,  i.  J*uJl  ^^ 
yawm  ashshughl. 

Workman,  worker,  «.  -^Le  »dni^, 
A_^  'r  rr  v_ '-*^^-/*  tdhib  san^ah.  See 
Tradesman,  Labourer. 

Workmanship,  ijtx^  $an^ah,  ^\i^  Mna- 
^ah.    See  Work,  Art,  Skill. 

World,  s.  Jlc  ^dlam,  L3  J  dunyd.  The 
present  world  and  the  next,  L3  Jtll  sijb 
ifj^'i^^  haze  addunyd  tea  Idkharah. 
Known  to  all  the  world  (celebrated), 
JU!bj^fbLu«  mashhUr  hil  ^dlam;  (the 

inhabitants  of  the  world),  iJ  jJf  J^^ 
ahl  addunya,  O  tboa  who  arriTest  at  this 
^laoe,  be  admonished  by  the  Ticiasitndes  of  the 
time  and  by  the  misfortunes  and  calamities 
that  thoQ  beholdest,  and  be  not  deceiyed  by  the 
world  and  its  charms,  its  falsity  and  calumny, 

its  fallacy  and  finery,  ^\  f^\^\  \^ 

Worldliness,  wiL  tama^    See  Avarice. 

Worldly  (relating  to  the  world),  i^y^*^ 
dunyawif  i^^*^  dunydwi. 

Worm,  B,  ii}jJ  dudat  The  silk-worm, 
jij^\  O^J  dad  al  karir.  See  Silk- 
worm.—  Infected  or  swarming  with 
worms,  wormy,  «^Jb«  mudauncid. 

Wormwood,  ^jVM»til  afmntln. 

Worn,  worn  out,  ^ysf**^  moihuk,  •  na>< 
midattac. 


Worry, «.    See  Harass,  Tease,  Torment. 

Worae,^!  otAor.  Theworstofmenishe 
whose  erery  to-day  is  worse  than  his  every  yester- 
day, 4«*^1  ^jMts>'\  A/t^  ^^  v^7L/^ 

Worship  (religious  adoration),  if  jLa  ^i- 
hddat,  t^ys:^  sufud.  The  worship  of 
one  God,  or  Divine  worship,  ^\  if  jLc 
^\fu  ^ddat  idlah  ia-^dW.  See  Ado- 
ration, Beverence,  Respect. 

Worship,  V.  Juc  ^ehed,  ^\  »Xe-»  tajad 

ila\  Jke  ^auam.     See  Adore. 

Worshipped,  i>^fA«  macifii. 

Worshipful,  ^»;i2)cJlk»*^c>-'yuM/t  mtutatoftb 
atta^lm. 

WorshipfuUy,  jU^^^  CLJloJl  J6  likol 
Utifdtin  tea  i^tibdr.    See  Eeverently. 

Worshipper  of  God,  a.  JjU  ^hid,  A 
worshipper  of  idols,  ^^j  wasanl. 

Worst,  ^\  (uhar. 

Worth  (price,  value),  d,M  klmat;  (ex- 
cellence), J«a5  fadl,  j\l^\  utihkdk. 

Worth  (equal  in  price  or  value),  J  jLt^ 

mu^ddil,  i/^l»**i  yasdwJ,   See  Worthy. 

— So  when  the  King  looked  at  those  jewels  and 
jacinthSfhis  reason  wasconfounded.and  his  mind 
was  bewildered,  and  he  said :  Yerilj  one  of  these 

jewels  is  worth  my  kingdom, ^^  UJi 

Worthily,  iSLJ  JCj  hikol  liydkat, 
fj\si^^\j  hi  istihkdk.        [Excellence. 

Worthiness,  ij\J  Uydkat.     See  Worth, 

Worthless,  ^Jl^  haklr,  A  J  dani,  i  a>i>.Mfw 
kh(Uli,    See  Mean,  Vile,  Unworthy. 

Worthlessness,  if^U»>  hakdratf  JLiUm^ 
khasdtat.     See  Meanness,  Yileness. 

Worthy  (deserving),  j;^u^  muttahikk, 
L.^^^y»4m^  muBtawjib ;  (suitable,  pro- 
per, becoming),  fjA  Idyik, 


WEA 


( 1094 ) 


WEI 


mwtawjib,  JaI^***^  mustdhtl.  Wortliy 
of  honour  or  respect^  jUii5!He--^ja-^ 
ijI^UsS^^^  fMutawjih  (U  i^tihar  wal  ilti- 
fat.  Worthy  of  reward,  ^.^.^ssry^*^ 
<_>L*\\  mustawjih  (usatcdh. 
Would,   ^KJ  lakan.      Would  to  God, 

tjuJlj  yd  layt.  Would  that  the  day 
of  separation  had  nerer  been!  No  sleep  remains 
in  my  eyes,  the  union  of  na  and  thee  u  broken, 
and  our  strength  and  onr  body  are  perished. 

Wound  (rolled  up  tr  round),  j;*X«  m«- 

Wound, «.  ^^frJ^^^  (P^-  -^r^^**"^)- 

An  old  wound,  ^^U  «a«flr.  One  who 
cures  wounds,  ^^J:r  jarrdh.  See  Sur- 
geon.—A  tent  for  wounds,  ^d 


■^>M<^ 


fatUuh.  They  slew  certain  of  our  people,  and 
the  rest  fled.  I  also  ran  away,  i^r  I  had 
received  a  severe  wound ;  the  Arabs  bein^  bn^, 
without  further  regard  to  us.  in  examining  the 
goods  and  the  presents  which  they  took  from  us, 


\a^jj>r^ 


W»^:-j^j 


Wound,  r.  ^J^-  jarah. 
Wounded,  ^jlt?^  fMJruh,  ^yr  i<^'^^' 
Wrangle,  r.  ^jU  ndta^     See  Dispute. 
Wrangle, «.  i«^-a£5-  khusumat,  ^j3  »f25j^, 

i&;U^wttna»i^a^.  SeeDispute,Quarrel. 
Wrap,  wrap  up,  r.  «J  ^/    See  KoU 

up,  Involve ;  Comprise,  Contain. — To 

wrap  in  a  winding-sheet,  ^  kaffan. 
Wrapped,  uJy^  malfnf. 
Wrapper  (one  that  wraps),  <*-mL«  ww- 

lajif]    (that   in  which  anything    is 

wrapped),  iiUS  lifdfat 
Wrath,  u^  ni?'^  ^AflM^aJ.  See  Fury.    [Jan. 
Wrathful,  c-^yai  yhaduh,  ^U-ai  y^«<^- 


Wrathfolly,  ^--.^ai  JCj  Inkol  ghadab, 
Wrathless,  u^^ar  lb  Jito  jAoAii. * 
Wreak,  v.  (vengeance),  j»ii3\  inteks 
Wreakful,  J^Ar^  Affiili.  See  Revengeful 

Wreck,  ^JJb  Aoim,  S^>^  '^^"^ 
See  Ruio,  Destruction ;  aUo  Ship 
wreck.— To  wreck.    See  Euin. 

Wrecked.     See  Ruined,  ShipwreckaL 

Wrench,  wrest,  v.  (to  pull  or  twist  bj 
violence),  mJJIj  ^  shadd  htl  tawr. 

Wrestle,  v.  ^j\^  tdra^.     See  Struggle 

Wrestler,  f;^-^^  musari^. 

Wrestling,  «.  ic;La^  wiwfirflcfl^. 

Wretch,  «.  (a  poor  man),  ^Jt^  *^*^ 
(fem.  iJLu*^  masktnat,  pi.  ti^^liX-^ 
masHndt,  ^V***^  ina<atoi),^/fl*tr 
(a  worthless  fellow),  ^^-i:>-  ^fl^*'*- 

Wretched,  unhappy  (miserable),  ^^;-w 
m^i&fn,  ,<a^  «AflJfcl.  See  Poor,  Calami 
tons.  —  (contemptible,  mean),  J?- 
zalil,  iJJ  danl.     See  Worthless. 

Wretchedly  (unhappily),  i^U^  J^  ^* 
shakdwat.  See  Miserably.— (meanlj 
despicably),  5,Urw  J^  hMhhartU. 

Wretchedness  (misery),  hLm^  matkaiuti 
i^U-1  shakdwat;  (contemptiblenesB 
baseness),  i^lA>-  hakdraL 

Wright.  See  Carpenter,  Artificer. 

Write,  V.  (perform  the  act  of  writiug) 
L.^  katah.  To  write  to  one  anotber, 
\^\^  takdtahu.  To  write  a  book 
lJ[2^  i^^  katah  kitdh    To  vrite  i 

letter,  c^yil^  w^  *«<«*  ^'^^^^^ 
See  Letter.— A  copy  to  write  Ij. 

fjJL^  mashk. 
Writer,  V.  (one  who  practises  the  art  oi 
writing),  L^^kdM.  SeeSecretefT. 

—(an  author),  cJj^^  musanntf,  «-^r- 
«r«5//i/.  See  Historian.-IJe«  «nojn;[ 
that  shall  not  perish ;  but  whatjns  h^^^^^ 
written  shall  endure.  Wri^  therefore,  Bomz 


WEY 


(  1095 ) 


YET 


but  that  which  will  please  thee  when  thoa  shalt 
Bee  it  on  the  day  of  lesurrection,  ^l^j 

rritbe,  9.  Aj)  haram.     See  Twist. 

rritiag  {part,  present),  c^l^  kdttb. 
TVritiDg,  8.  i)\:ii  kitdhat ;  (composing), 
\  o_  *  ^"  tasnlf,  luJl  ifuhd.  A  writing 
(written  instrument),  L^yX.^  maJUlih, 
£tr>-  khatt,  A  writing-school,  c^^'X^ 
m^^to^.  Hand- writing,  ^£i£^  i^^< 
y€i^.  The  sacred  writings,  Ci^l::j3\ 
^jmAL«11  al  kitdh  al  mukaddoi, 

(Vritten,  ^J>^r.^C^  nkiit^u^.  Above- 
written,  (*y^^  <>^  maritum,j|^lxuu^f 
a/  mM^fir.  See  Above-mentioned. — 
Written  or  signed  by  a  judge,  Ji?**^^ 
mutasaj^'il. 

(Vrong,  8.  J]ff  %ulm,  4/>Xu  ta^addl,  j^ 
jawTyjj^o  darar.     See  Injury.  Error. 

liVrong  (not  right,  bad),  ^^   sharir; 

(unsuitable),   t^^^\:^j^  ghayr  mu- 

naaib.      See   Unfit. — He   who  commits   the 
sheep  to  the  care  of  the  wolf  does  wron^, 

I^Vrong,  r.  JdJ  sa^m,  j^  darr,  v^J^J' 
ta^adda\    See  Injure. 

(Vronged,  /♦^Ua^  maz/am,^^yi^  madrHr. 

iVronger,  «.  h/«^^^«2^  mata^addl. 

IfVrongful,  (.jUaif  L   &i7a  tn«a/. 

Wrongfully,  Js*-  Hj  &i7d  ^ibt. 

Wrought  (made,  done,  performed,  ef- 
fected), ^y'^^A^  TMuniJi.^  J^"*"^^  ^^i' 
mUl,  Jyti*  maf^l;  (laboured,  done 
with  care  and  difficulty),  J^  Jy*^«^ 
AA-5*^^  UiAi  tnacmUl  hikol  i^ind  tea 
mushakkah,  "Wrought  (in  the  loom), 
^y^:^  tnafuuj.    [mdyil.  See  Crooked. 

Wry,  j^y&\  a^fcqf,  ^^^  munhanl,  JjU 


T. 


T  is  expressed  in  Arabic  by  ,^,  ^uy 
ya^nl,    that  is  to  say,  viz.' 

Yard,  «.  (inclosed  ground  adjoining  to  a 
house),  ^^'^  8ahn,  ^L>^L»  8dhah,  A 
court-yard  in  caravanseras,  inns,  etc. 
(whereburdens  are  deposited  or  loaded), 
^[^khdn.  A  yard  (measure  of  length), 
tij\l  ydrd.  A  measure  of  two  yards, 
^li  kdmah.  See  Eathom.      [Thread. 

Yam,   Ijutf   8add.      See   Warp,  Woof, 

Ye,  ^f  antum,  C^^*^j  tedladat. 

Yean,   r.  (bring  forth  as  sheep,  etc.), 

Year,  «.  ili«s  «an«A,  aU  ^dm.  A  solar 
year,  <U.m<^  ^U^^  MftaA  «Aam«fyaA.  A 
lunar  year,  ^j^  ^^Xm)  sanahkamariyah. 
This  year,  >«UIt  tjjb  ^isd  al  ^dm. 
Last  year,  the  year  immediately  pre- 
ceding, ^Ull  aU  ^dmalmddi.  The 
new  year,  ^Jjj^l^LJl  assanat  al 
jadldah.  Every  year,  ^  ;^  JJ^  jb/ 
«anaA.  See  Yearly. — Years,  M^-i-i 
sanln,  /^^^\  a^dm. 

Yearling,  «.  J^  Aau;/. 

Yearly  (every  year),  <U-j  J^  ifeoJ  MnaA, 
u5y»->  8anawl.  l^fjt^^^^  khamlrah. 

Yeast  (or  leaven  used  in  raising  bread), 

Yellow,^^\  as/ar  (fem.  \jLa  sa/rd).  To 
be  or  become  yellow,  ^i^l  u/ar, 

Yellowish,jlLJJ  JjU  mdytl  Ul  safdr. 

Yellowness,  Ijk^safrat, 

Yelp,  V.  <^  nahdh.    See  Bark. 

Yes,  ^  tM^tn* 

Yesterday,  ^j,^\  anu,  ^jU\  al  hdrih 
Yesterday  evening  or  yester-night, 
^L>yUl  al  hdrihah.   See  Worse. 

Yet,  Ul  ammd,  jii  hhin,  llj  wa  iUd. 
See  But,  Still.— (hitherto),  Jll  Jl  iV 


TOTI 


( 1096  ) 


ZOlf 


aldn;  (over  and  above),  Jfy  fawk. 
See  Beside.— Once  more,  laA  aydan. 
See  Again.— (after  all),  f'l^^J^  ^^^ 
al  amr.   See  Nevertheless. 

Yield,r.(produce),^UM«  J-j^  Juudl  minhi, 
^  nafa^\  (to  exhibit  to  view),  j^\ 
Mhar.  See  Show.— (to  grant  per- 
mission), 9}\^\  ^J^  a^*  ij&tah.  See 
Allow,  Permit— (to  give  np),  ^ 
MiSam.  To  yield  np  one'a-self,  aLs 
aIU*  nallam  halaho.  See  Sabrait.— To 
yield  np  the  ghost,  ^^J\  ^  sMm 
arr^h.     See  Pie. 

Yielding  (complying),  JjU  kdhtl. 

Yielded  (surrendered),  ^«^^  tmnd^afi^y 
AuCn^  rkutMollam ;  (granted,  allowed), 
.yw«^  mamnuhf  ^jei>y^  murakhkhas, 

Y'oke  (for  oxen,  etc.),  j^j  nlr.  A  yoke 
or  pair  of  oxen,  etc.,^  ^^j  taujhakar. 

Yolk  (of  egg),  <UiffS^  j^  *<''fir  al  hayidh. 

You,  ^\  anttm  (fem.  j:j\  anttmna). 

Youortoyou,  J3  lakum{fem.^j^Hkinna). 

Young,  youthful,  c->Li  «AfiJ,  jsi  ><«* 
(fem.  i^fatiyah).  [ashsh&h. 

Y'oungly,  youthfully,  t-ilSJl  Ji-*  ««m? 

Youth,  <-->U-5i  thabahy  Lj^  skahtihiyat 
The  flower  of  youth,  t-;LuJl  (j^^j*^ 
ban/btcdn  ashshahdh. 

Youthfulness.     See  Youth. 

Your,  J  kum  (fem.  ^J  kintia).  Your 
books,  JLi^  ifett^W-ttm,  ^^;Ls^  kuthu- 
kinna.  To  your  books,  ^S^  ^\  Ha' 
kuihikum. 


Z. 


Z  is  expressed  m  Arabic  by  ^;  u^ 
tam&n,  '  time,'  ijj  «Uia<,  *  an  oi 
ment.'     The  following  letters  an 
pronounced  by  the  Arabs  like  i,  tj 
j,  as  /  J  swtr,  *  remembrance,'  vi 
as  ii\Ja  larOfat,  '  elegance.' 
Zeal,   zealousness,    i^  yk^^t  *; 
hamtyat.     Zeal  for  God  «-  reli| 
4U^\  i^  ghlrat  Uahiya^,  i^J 
ghlrat  Uniyah.     A  aeal  for  rtl 
and  country,  iJ^ jil^  ^ji«>S^  i;?^  J 
tMin  wal  dawlat    See  Heat,  ¥a] 
Zealot,  «.  5;-i  Cj^-^-U  9&hib  ghki 
ZeaLouB,  jy^  yhayyur.    See  Warn, 
Zealously,  i^  J^  hikclyMrat 
Zenith,    «.    (j^yi  eu-^^   w«^ 
liJ^  iT-'ii^tr*  «am^  annoiar. 

Zephyr,  «.  ^»--uuj  fkMlm.  The  zeph; 
gweet  to  me  in  that  place,  and  pleas 
the  time,  so  slumber  oTcrcame  me,  am 

posed  there,  Cflii  fn^^  J  ^ 

Zest,  J  ji  lasszat  See  Eeliah. 
Zodiac, «.  ^^j^\  ^^5kw«  wtfwto^^di 
Zone,  ».  ifilai-*  mantofcj^.  See  Gi 
The  frigid  zone,  iJjU\  i^^ 
katallaridaU  The  torrid  zone, 
6ijsi^\  mantakat  al  muhriM 
temperate  zone,  <id  Jo*^^  ^uk^^ 
takat  al  mu^iadtlah. 


STK^HEK   AUSTIM  AKD  80M8,   PHlXTSftS,   HERTPOAO.