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. • I •
801 R
ENGLISH AND ARABIC
DICTIONARY,
|n Sivo |art<,
ARABIC AND ENGLISH,
ENGLISH AND ARABIC,
n VHICS Tn ASABIC WOKSi kXX Blf BHKirTKD lH ISB ORIKVTAL dUKACIIB, U WELL
II THUS COKBBCT FROXOBCIITIOT AHD ACCBXTDATlOir BHOWIT IS KHaUBS LKTIBSfl.
JOSEPH CATAFAGO.
SBCOND EDITIOIT,
LONDON:
BEBNABD QITAEITCH, 15 PICCADILLY.
1873.
HERTFORD:
BTXPHXir ACSnif AW MMS, PUMTXJUI.
PREFACE.
The first edition of this Dictionary having obtained complete snecess,
as well in Europe as in the East, and being now ont of print, it is con-
sidered desirable to republish it in a new and improyed form, in order
to meet the public demand.
In preparing this second edition, the author s aim has been to
enlarge the practical usefulness of the work, and to render it more
serviceable, not only to the English traveller and student, but also to
the natives of Syria and Egypt, by selecting and inserting such .words
and phrases as are used in polite society, and are met with in the classical
literature of the language. Expressions which had fallen into desuetude,
and which were not sanctioned by the xxB^ge of the present day, have
been omitted ; while, on the other hand, special attention has been paid
to the incorporation of all the newly- formed words and phrases which
have been introduced in consequence of recent discoveries in science,
and of the importation of European arts and manufactures. These addi-
tions to the vocabulary, as well as many other technical expressions, the
growth of modem culture, have been sought for chiefly in the many
.^bic newspapers which circulate throughout the Ottoman Empire and
the dominions of the Khedive.*
In many respects, therefore, a marked difference may be observed
between the first and second editions of this Dictionary. The author
* Ai the printing of this work took more time than was anticipated, a large portion of it
hzM been left for a third edition, to Bave time and space.
IT PRBFACR.
invites a comparison, which must establish the great superiority of the
present publication, and prove with how much care he has laboured to
make it worthy of general acceptation. But with the intention of
meriting still further the approbation of the public, he has passed beyond
the mere province of a lexicographer, and has inserted in the vocabulary a
variety of incidental information upon geographical, physical, political,
commercial, and religious subjects, giving to the Dictionary, in some
degree, the character of an EncyclapcBcUa Arabiea. This matter has been
specially considered in connexion with the wants of those who mean to
use Syria as the great high road between England and India, now about
to foe thrown open to the world. It will not the less be found yaluable
and useful by those who merely sojourn for a while in any region where
the Arabic tongue is spoken. The author therefore hopes that every
English traveller in the East will find this Dictiontuy a really useful
vade meeum, and he trusts equally that it may take a place in the library
of all English gentlemen who look with interest upon the grand project,
fraught with importance to the British Empire, and now about to be
realized, of uniting England with India by means of the Syro-Mesopo-
tamian Railway*
JOSEPH CATAFAGO.
IiONDOK, i/itry, 1878.
^lji-»» w-aO Jilt jJJu
^\
w
u»yy
In proportioii to one's care and solicitude eminences are gained ; and
lie who eeeketh eminence most pass numberless sleepless nights. He dives
into the sea who seeketh for pearls, and obtaineth majesty and perfect
locceflB. Whoso seeketh eminence without making the greatest efforts to
obtain it, loaes his life in searching for an impossibility.
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TOWELS ASD 0BIH06EAFHICAL SI65S.
Tbe Anim bsre ool j time dmaelcn for Tovds, wlneii tbej edl K^ /UAc,
J^ ClMTtf, and A4b^ Drnmrng* Tbe fint is repnented bj a mill oUique line
orer tbe letter; the eeeond hj s nmilar stroke under the letter; md the third
bj s small enrre, like a eooma, as fallows: —
Paths .... (-^) sounding as a.
Casn .... (jzr) soonding as i,
Damma . . . (— ) sonndiog nearij as e.
These signs aie sometimes doubled in the final letters, which doubling is
then called ^yS tamp^M, or mimuUum, becanse the vowel is then pronounced
as if terminated by ^ as J^ rafalon, 'a man;' J>y r^ffalm; t^j n^foUm.
The first (^) marks the nominatiTe case; the second (J) the genitiTO, dative,
and abktife ; the third (^) the accusatiTe. It must be observed here that the
fioal t adds nothing to the sound when the accusative is pronounced*
Ji£ JutJ Uuhdld (") doubles the letter over which it is placed, as j^j urmrsie,
' he brought down*'
1^ hanuM (') is placed geoerallj over the i, and sometimes over the j and ^^
and is considered as a gnttund letter*
^^ woila ('^) implies conjunction,' and is only inscribed over 1 to mark
an union with the preceding letter, \ being then silent, as jll^t^^ hiidbu-Uahi,
'The book of Ood.'
9X^ madda (^) implies extension,' and ie placed over \, giving it a long
sound, as /^S\ adorn.
^^Cmi iocoon (^) signifies ' a pause,' and is placed over a letter that has no
voweL
AN
ARABIC DICTIONARY.
PART THE FIRST.
g^ralrijc anitr ^ttjjlisl.
\
^ dtf. First letter of the Arabic al-
phabet Alef^ interrogatiye, (^^^
aUj i^lc aUtkrim ^layyah hikalam,
ViU you kindlj give me a pen ?
C^\zS i^ijM\ ata^rdnl kitdhak^
Vill jou lend me your book ? *Xj J^
vl^lj f\ V^Jb j^U atarld tdkuz haia
<« sak^ Do yon wish to take this or that ?
In common conversation ^ an, That,
can be dropped affcer the verbs to be able, and
to be willing ; so you can saj, takdir taktub^
sod takdir an taktub. Can yon write P
Jv!l f>\ {^j^^ ^r^y •^y' atarld
t»k»b al faros am aihagMy Do yon wish to
ride on the horse or on the mule P The elif
^atetrogatiTe can be replaced by the interroga-
tixe Jj^ hal^ k»Q\Mi CCvvf. Jjb hal ^n-
^l wt/, Have you a Bword ? j*i£j Jjb
^--cO hal takdir taktub, Can you
^te? ^j^ yb Ja ^^ Au phani, for
^j^ 4lb haUahu ghanly Is he rich ?
^^'•^ ^ Jj^ ^>^ 20^« aw lad. Has he
duldien r The two interrogatiTeB aUf and hal
cvi be sappresaed, and then the interrogation
u expressed by the voice ; like jjJi?
^j^MiJ takdir iamsht, Can you walk ?
S^/U jJlaJ iaidir iashrah, Can you
^riak? j^^ i^J^^j*^ yakdir yoihtart
\
warak, Can he buy some writing paper P
Can you start to-day P Can you set off to*day P
^j^ ^j^ ta^if ^rahl, Do you
know Arabic? ^jjjJJjl '— M^ ta^rif
inglitij Do you know English P In chrono-
grams and astronomical tables dlef has the
Talue of 1. In the dates of letters, when fol-
lowing one of the characters J soJ, j
ray or -» jimy as 1 J, \^, U»-, it indi-
cates the first of the couple in three couples of
months with the same name, and those cha-
racters alone, without the I, indicate
the second month in each couple. See
Ij, \jf and U-,
^\ ah (pi. \i\ &l&\ A father, master,
pnossessor. This word enters into the compo-
sition of a ^eat number of names, varying
its termination according to its case, having
y\ ahu in the nominative, \j\ dbd in
the accusative, and ^\ a3l in the
other cases, aaJj^\ AhuhakoTf (^^^bl
Ahddun, J;JM^\ ^\ All Isma^il,
etc. In the vocative case it is exprened by
s^} \j yd-ahhata, 0 my father. jJi!
i^\j a1 J«aa!J, Fame hath recorded
s^\
(2)
AJ\
the virtues of the nohle, but no one has been
able to reckon thine. May God not deprive
mankind of such a ^Either, for thou art the
father and the mother of every excellence.
^\ ab, The month of August.
\i\ aha (pi. of lJ\ ah), Fathers, fore-
fathers, ancestors. Jt^ ^ b\ Man^n
jidden, ad. From father to son [lit. through
the father from the grandfather), hereditarily.
bt tbd, Detesting, abhorring, abomi-
nating, rejecting, refusing, disagreeing, re-
fractory, disobedient, disdaming, aversion, dis-
g^t, horror, loathing.
Sj\i\ ihdiat, Passing the night, tanying
all night, doing anything in the night-time,
being overtaken by the night, etc.
^Ul ibdhat, Publishing, disclosing a
secret, revealing, illustrating. Permitting,
giving liberty. Liberty, licence, licentiousness.
(ji\^ abdrik (pi. of Jj^^ ihrik), Water-
pots, ewers.
jij^\ ahdzlr. Aromatic spices, sweet
herbs or roots for seasoning meat. Grains,
seeus*
AJjbl ahdzim, The buckles, buttons, or
clasps of belts, girths, girdles, etc.
kUl dhdtf The armpits, the interior parts
beneath the wings.
JJb\i\ ahdtll (pi. of Jtb hdiil), Trifles,
vanities.
^M ahdlUat (pi. of (juumLI Mu\
Devils.
v^l^l thtihds, Investigation, scrutiny,
disquisition, examination, inquiry. Question,
dispute, wager.
IjcjI ihtidd, The beginning, commence-
ment, exordium, the first time. \jcSi\
(U-ibtiddf To begin.
ijcj\ ibtidd-atif In the beginning, at
first, in the first place.
iIjcjI ihtiddr. Setting about any work,
running hastily (to arms), the same as the
participle ^-^^V^ mubtadir. (You are
referred to the letter /» when you
cazmot find under \ any infinitive or
noun of action of the derivatiTe conjugations).
c^jcj) ibtidd^, To invent, invention,
contrivance, alteration, innovation (in matters
of religion).
aImmjI ibiisdm, Cheerfulness, gladness,
' a smile, smiling.
\m3j\ ibtighdf Wishing, seeking, desiring,
coveting. ^jcj\ ibtighd-an. For the
sake. ^UJ 4^V^^ ^j! ^^ ibtighan
Uwajih albiari ta^ala. For the sake of God, to
please God.
jl^t ibtikdr, Bising early, coming soon
in the morning.
hj\ ibtild, The being subject or addicted
to anything wrong or unpleasant. Temptation,
trial, prooi, experiment. Passion, simering,
the bemg affected with any misfortune, being
indispose!, vexed, etc. Calamity, distiess.
c^l tbtild^ Devouring, consuming,
swallowing.
JUcjf ibtHdl, Being wet.
\usj\ tbtmd, Building, constructing.
^Ifjt ibtihdj, To be joyful, to be glad.
Gladness, alacrity, cheerfulness, content Joy,
merriment.
Jlfu^ ibtihdl, Supplication, deprecation,
groaning in prayer.
sr\ ahfad, Tho name of an arithmeti-
cal verse, the letters of which have different
powers from one to a thousand, as follows.
This was the ancient order of the alphabet,
as it is now used in the Hebrew alphabet,
cr*^ J^ J^ '^
\
s
ooo
O • •
»••••
« «(
ooo
8 5 o
S •
- *
ij3 ^jOSUL^
s sss
e eoo
The letters may be arranged regularly or ir-
regularly ; they have always the same value ;
and the addition of the several values gives
the value of the whole. This system is much
used in chronograms, and in books of astro-
nomical tables.
li;W;1 abhds, Questions, disputes.
mm\a^\ ibhdh, Making hoarse, causing to
pronounce thick without proper intervals in
articulation.
j\s6r\ abhdr (pi. ofjsssr bahr), Seas.
ayirl abkhurah (pi. of jUr bukhdr).
Steams, vapours, exhalations, perfumes.
Jj\ abad, Eternity without end (eternity
without beginning being expressed by
Jjl azal). ^\ Jj\ abbad aUah (in
prayer). May God prolong (life, happiness, etc.)
jbUl Jj), For ever, to all eternity.
1jj\ abadan, To all eternity; never.
Ji\
(3)
ij\
^Si\ ibid, Beginniiig, inyention, inno-
Tition, prodoctioii, areation.
^Si} Aid^ Prodacing something new,
mTcBtiiig; pobliahing, imaguung, feigning^
Jsi\ fUte (pi. of ^ Jj hadan), Bodies.
i/Jj1 alcA, Eternal (withoat end). As
iSiiikieidjeetiTeB maj be used adTerbiallyi
it s^aifia likewise, Etenially, for ever.
^: JjI aiad^gi. Eternity.
^'1 t3ra J<iberating,absolTing,di8charging
frna debt, deliTering firom dan^, restoring
health. Quittance, aeqnittal, discharge. To
free, icqoit, discharge, exonerate.
,y oirdr, Jost, holy, pious, worthy
(ma). The good, jnst, Tirtoons ; the innocent.
j/ ihrn, Prodaction of a proof or
wcameot.
♦|j! fjfdsi, s. Importunity, urging. To
iaportane, urge.
ij^ ibrat, A needle.
^ji\ abroih, A dapple g^rey or piebald
l»ne. Marked with white or coloured spota
cr points.
jsjt tktu, Leprous.
j/ Hari, A needle-dealer.
Ji/' Urik, An ewer for washing. A
^, Ivigantine, sloop of war.
.^l abidr, (pL of^-aj hassar), Penetra-
^isgacities. Eyes, looks.
V «W, The armpit.
'<&*1 thfd, To come late, to be late. De-
1*7, pntnctiiig.
J'ijt aUdl (pL of JLj hatal), Brave
^vnon, heroes. Jhtal, Abolishing, destroy-
Qii, Bmihilsting, mining, abrogating, repeal-
icg, rmdenng Toid or nseless.
*«' ib'^, BemoTing to a distance.
^. ^'^(id, More or most distant
*• <^«d, Rendering permanent, preserv-
^ CDtire, reserring.
J'ijt 0^ Potherbs, beans.
j^} abidr, Virgins, maidens.
(r ' "WtfyA, Informing, conveying, send-
^iT^^teti, messengerB, compliments. Different
™ ^iiiifk, which means, Arriying at or ob-
^^ any end, consummating, arnTing at
7 *^ «t puberty, approaching. Being
4jjt ahlaghi More or most effectual.
More eloquent
j;1j1 ahlak. Piebald, black and white
white, party-coloured.
AA ablah, A fool. Simple, ignorant,
foolish, bashful, blundering, rude, awkward,
doting, presumptuous, vain, arrogant.
^^^^nJjI tbll9 or ahlii, The devil.
^j}\ tJn, A son. It is written ^ bin
when preceded by a proper name and followed
by the name of the father, as ^^;«m>-
S^^^s^ ^ji, Hassan son of Muhammad.
\:j\ ahnd, Sons. ^1 ihnat, A daughter.
{jMyj\ ahnHif Ebony.
l^\ abnijfahf Edifices, buildings.
^\ ahu, Father. This word has often
the sense of j J sti, having, endowed
with, possessed of, etc., as c^l^yt
abti thawdrib, Having whiskers. ^A
(3^\ abu^lfadl. Endowed with excel-
lence. ^^^Mu^l^l abnH hum, Possessed
of beauty. ^IkLJl^^ aba* I yaladn.
The father of the watch (the cock).
ifjjt>'^\ aba ja^, The father of the
curled hair (the wolf, also the fox).
^^yMMi»-^l aha hanbat, The father of
stratagems (the fox). 9^^\^\ aba'l
hayuh. The father of life (rain). ji\
\aJ11\ abash nhafd, The father of health
(sugar). The proper names formed in this
manner by the Arabians are yery numerous.
]iy\ ahutowat, Paternity, fathership.
4^L}1 abwdb (pi. of c^b bdb). Doors,
chapters. L^\^'i\L^\j (the port of
ports), the fortress of Derbend on the Caspian
sea.
^t^l abwdk (pi. of j^ bak). Crooked
trumpets, clarions, French horns.
(JL)\ii\ abhdt (pi. of lJ\ ah), Fathers,
ancestors. [fulness.
^\^\ ibhdj, Causing gladness, joy, cheer-
^\^\ ibhdm, Enunciating obscurely and
so as to create doubt.
ij\
(4)
IT
Uj
^^\ abha' (comp. of -^ hahf), More
" or most beautifiil. ** [cencci pomp.
^\ ahhat, Grandeur, glory, magnifi-
^^\ abawi, Paternal.
c;,^Lj1 abydt (pi. of d-^ hut), Verses,
difltichB.
^ja^\ ahyai, White. wLj xtS ashad
hayadan (comp.), Whiter.
^^\ ahyan. More, mos^ or very <^lear,
explicit, manifest, eyident.
uJoIjI atahah, The lord father (tiUe
ipven by historians to kings or prime min-
isters). Tutor of the monarch or regent in
some of the old Mussulman dynasties).
(Jlj\i\ atdt, Household furniture.
^\j\ ai&n, A ^e-ass.
^Lj\ atha^ (pi. of ^l; tdhi^), Fol-
lowers, dependents, clients, serrants, subjects.
Jtbat, Following or causing "to follow, joining
one thing to another.
j\s^\ ittihdd, To be united. Union,
concord, intimate friendship.
i^W^I ithdf, Presenting, ^ving as a
present, endowing.
j\s^\ ittiihdz, A receipt, acceptation,
taking to one's self, ajBsumption, choosing,
election. [targets.
(jm\P^ atrda (pi. of (jmJj tura), Shields,
CS\p\ atr&h (pi. of \lSjj turh\ Turks.
cUjI %ttu&^^ To become large and
eitennTe. Aiinplitude, extension.
i^jLsJt ittisaf, Being endowed with or
possessed of anything.
JLdJl iUisdl, Being joined, conjunc-
tion, adhesion, union, attachment, neighbour-
hood, contiguity, being leyel.
cLaj^ ittidd^y To profess humility, to
be humble, to make one's self humble. Hu-
miliation, abasement, meanness, abjectness.
c^Ujfl it^hf Causing fatigue, lassitude.
jUjI ittifdkj To come to an arrange-
ment together. Union, concord, harmony,
concurrence, agreement, consent, convention,
confederacy, compact, alliance, league, con-
spiracy. Chanoe, fortune, accident, lot, suc-
cess, to come to an agreement.
C1.>UU7\ ittifdkdt, Accidents. Successes.
UU-fl i'Uifdkan, Unanimously, in con-
cert, with one accord. By chance, perhaps.
iMsessftilly.
cV<
vJUjI iiti/dti, Casuali fortuitous, acci-
dental. By chanoe. [and solidly.
^\aj\ Ukdn, Doing anything properly
LiJf atkiyd (pi. of ,Jj takl), Beligious
men, dcTOtees.
^Jjit atka\ More pious; more religious.
\^\ ittikd,. Leaning against, reclining
upon.
JUIjI ittikdl, Gonfidenee, trusting one's
affaira to another; to rely on; to place one's
confidence in God.
uJ^f ttl&f, To cause or causing con-
sumption, ruin, destruction, loss, waste.
jj\ atom, Mone or most complete.
aUjI itmdm, Perfection, accomplish-
ment, termination, conclusion, end, completion.
To conclude any business. [passions.
^%\y\ atwdk (pi. of J J iawk), Desires,
^y1 atun, An oven, furnace, the fire
burning in the furnace.
ithdm, Suspicion, false accusation ;
to suspect, to impute, to accuse.
(J 1 a^t, Coming, arrival, bringing,leading,
' .coming unawares. Att, Future, coming, sub*
sequent. vJ^ t^Jiii Af«j JJu ^^JL^jf^ <0J
«^ Jj:J\ L:La gnUfl? uU ^z^^, Divinely
is he inspired who acouainteth me with their
approach, for he hata brought information
most delightful to be hefud. If he would be
satisfied with that which is cast off, I would
give him a heart rent in pieces at the hour of
valediction.
^lyl iiydn, Arrival, accession, meeting,
coition ; to come.
d^l^l Md%y Household furniture.
jbl d%dr (pi. of yt aihr\ Signs, marks,
traces, scars, vestiges, ruins, monuments. His-
tories, traditions, relations, news,* memorable
events, miracles, prodigies, chronicles, annals.
Good works, illustrious actions. Footsteps.
tf^J^. ^^ J^ CT^I 4^J^ ^ ^^^^^
their footsteps, and melt with desire, and pour
forth my tears upon the places they navo
trodden, begging of Him who hath afflicted
me by their separation, that He will bless me
some day by a re-union.
cP^
(«)
\
sjj\ uir$f Baidns (the dust); ex-
dtiag[oftroable).
CJbl udeih, NobOlty of extr»2tioii.
aU diam (pL of ^N isni). Crimes, sins.
oIjI tttol, Confinnaiion, affirmaiioii,
Ttting away Bome part^ and leavii^ or adding
othot ; ailteratloiL (in building or in writing).
j\ MOT, A mark, si^n, cbaracter, im-
rranon, tr&ee, remain, Testige, or min. A
Wory, eommemoTafion, memorial, relation,
tndiUoii, fable, romattce; collection of tra-
filioiit TctallTe to tiie actiona and sayings of
Utthomet* yi\ jXs- ^mtd other, The
kfiowledi^ of tzucing footsteps in the desert
The Bedomns bare the greatest sagacity
in tndng of footstepa, a talent which they
seem to poaseas in common with the free
Indians of America, with this^ difference, that
in the American woods the impression is made
apon grass, in the Syro-Arahian desert upon
sand. The Arab who has applied himself oili-
jreatly to this stnd]r (for it is only to be ac-
onired by lon^ practice) can g^etterally ascertain
mfn. inspectmg the impression — 1. Whether
the footatepa Moog to his own or to some
fidigbboiirxng tnbe, and oonseonently whether
friend or foe has passed. 2. He knows from
Ibe aligbtaeas of depth of tixe impression
wheOus tbe man who made it carried a load
or not. 8. From the strength or faintness of
&e tnee whether he paased on the same day,
or one or two days bobre. And 4. From a
certaia regularity of intervals between the
steps a Bedomn jndM whether the man- is
&feig«ed or not, ana hence he can calculate
tise eiwDoe of OTeitaking him. This faculty of
distinginshing footsteps on the ground extends
to bcMlB (honea and camels) as well as men,
and in the exercise of it tne same obserra-
tiona win lead to tbe same results. See
JUS^ Miidl (pi. of Jij sikl), Burdens,
loads, incumbranoes, impediments, baggage,
eqnipBge, train, snite. {joJiS ^\Sj\f
Tbe tzeasorea of the etttb. Weights.
^y ism, A sin, crime, offence, anything
jL%j\ 09mar (pL af^ Mmdr), Pmits.
^LmI mtmdn (pi. of ^^ $aman and
jsBsw}, FkioeB. Ei^ith parts*
^^^^ OMMff (eomp. of ^^^^ $amin), More
or Boat dear. Taluable.
\j^ aand. The middle, interval, interstice.
Plata, Jbldiagi. Whitot, during, ia the mean
^LJ\ undn, Two. ^^JLucLJ^ Twelve.
L^\ oirtiyaf (pi. of U! sand), Praises,
encomiums, felicitations, congratulations.
L^\y\ aswdh (pi. of Lmfyi smob), Robes,
vestments, garmenta, habiliments, cloths,
baggage.
j\^\ astffdr (pi. otjyi sawr), Bulls.
^^yi\ assftn, A furnace.
^\ asir, The sky, aether.
A^l asJm, A sinner, criminal,liar. Wicked,
rascally, heaping crime upon crime.
c^lf»-1 tjdh, Answering. Consenting.
^lf>-! ijdhat, Listening to, acceptation,
ratification, agreement, consent. Answering,
corresponding, consenting, admitting, comply-
ing with, humouring, listening to.
J^l djdr, Rent. See jla^i.
ifj\>-\ tfdra, Rent; ground-rent paid for
land, etc., in mortmain.
,U^
ijara mu^ajila. The sum or fine paid on first
acquiring possession, ^^y^ ^j^^
ijara muajila, The monthly or yearly quit-
rent paid ever afterward.
Sjls^t ijdiat. Leave, permission, dismis-
sion, dispensation.
^1^1 tyds, A species of plum, a prune.
JWT djdl (pi. of J^\ <^al), The fates;
the appointed time of death. Causes.
L^U-\ ajdwib (pi. of ^^f^\ ajnahl),
Foreigners, strangers. " [tains.
JLsj-\ qfhdl (pi. of ijfsf- jabd), Moun-
U:l>-1 ^'tihd, Choice, election, selection ;
to select, to elect.
\j:s^\ ijtird, Boldness, intrepidity, an
enterprise, endeavour, attempt.
jUsjf-l ijtimd^, To be collected, united ;
an assembly, concourse, congregation, meeting,
convention, congress ; an accumulation, heap.
\jzaA ijtind, Gathering, collecting, pluck-
ing, puUing' (fruit, etc.).
c^l:j^\ fftindh, Shunning, abandoning,
declinkig, flying, abstaMng from, retiring, re-
moviag^, going to a distance.
j\^:i^\ iftUhdd, Cafe, solicitude, labour,
diligence, effort, study, endeavour; to exert
one's self. [forefathers.
jIjc^I ajddd (pi. of iX>-j4d)f Ancestors^
J-r^
(6)
\
►1 qfr, A reward, preminm, recom-
pense, compenfiation, hire.
\jS^\ ijrdf Making anything to flow, run,
Sroceed. Brining forward, beginning, pro-
acing, satisfVing, paying ; acoomplifihing,
executing, performiDg.
U**^Pr^ q;ra»(pl. of (jyi#^y(flprfl*),*Bellg.
i*Lff^\ (^'rdm (pi. of Ajs^ jinn), Bodies.
UMJl>»\y>*1y The heavenly bodies.
ij^\ ujrat, Eeward, recompense, ex-
change, hire, rent, wages.
J^\ ajrad, Bald, bare ; a bald person.
\js^\ aj'zd, Parts, parcels. Ingredients,
materials. Minerals, drugs.
jLuf»^1 aJ8dd (pi. of Sm/^ Jasad), Bodies.
i%LMf»-t afsam (pi. of M*up^jism), Solid
bodies.
J^\ qffdn (pi. of ^^ jefn), Eye-
lashes, eyebrows. ^cJuc ci^giG jSij
j^ w« jJI ^Lil \j^3 L;-1..4Jj ^Xr^
4j^ ^^ bigi ^ jj>: s^i^i
^Ir^l^ ^^ ^^ JCJ , Long have I
wept on account of onf disunion, — the tears
overflowing from my eyelids; and I vowed
that if Providence should bring us together,
I would never again mention a new separation.
Joy hath overcome me to such a degree that
by* its excess it has made me weep. 0 eye,
thou hast become so accustomed to tears, that
thou weepest froA happiness as from grief.
See ^^^fj>'.
J>-1 ajal, Death, the hour of death; fate,
destiny. A term, appointed time
J^l a/7, Cause, occasion, reason. ^
LLi3i Js^-lForthatreason. (Jil>-1^
On your account.
^^\ ajall, Greater, more or most worthy,
excellent, glorious.
^/Jip^\ tjlds, Causing or ordering one to
sit or recline. Being seated; being seated
on a throne.
J)L^1 ijldl, Magnificence, majesty, gran-
deur, gloiy, dignity, honour, exaltation, lofti-
Ajlal, Housings, or any kind of horse-
•ng.
1i>-\ ifl&hnt Out of respect.
Ij^ltj cuJk; t«, I wished for my be-
loved; but when I beheld him I was con-
founded, and possessed neitlier tongue nor eye.
I hung down my head in honour and reve-
rence, and would have hidden wliat I felt;
but it would not be concealed. I had prepared
a volume of expostulation ; but when we met
I remembered (uttered) not a word !
iX>'^ ofla\ More splendid, bright, re-
splendent.
cU^-l ijmd^, An assembly, collection,
consenting, agreeing. Collecting; unanimity
of opinion or decision ^of the Fathers of the
Church on points of faith or discipline, this
bein^ one of the fundamental sources of autho-
rity in Mohammedan canon law, in matters .<
. where an explicit Divine command or apostolic '
word or deed cannot be cited ; it is called also
iyl\ ^U^t ijfnd^ al imnuU, The
unanimous voice of the nation).
JU^I ^mdl, Making an abridgment, - i
compendium, summary, synopsis. <
)IUj>*\ t;Vnd/an,Briefly,compendiou8ly, ^
summarily, by way of abridgment. '•. ,
^j^jL4^ \ ajma^n, All,univer8al,the whole "<
ijA>>' \ qfmal (comp.of J^M4>-y0mtf),]lkIore ^ i
or most beautifuL >,
^:^:^\ ajnad (pi. of Jejuni), Soldiers.^ -!
troops, armies. . ^^
-Ls^-l qfndh (pi. of ,fj>' jmh), Wings. 0,
(ji**lij^l qfnds (pi. of \j»*:^j%n9\ KindsV ^f.^
sorts, species, goods, things. Wares > ^^
household goods. ij^zJs^ ^^Lsj-V .,
Various sorts, different kinds. ' .^
j-M^l qfnahl, A foreigner, stranger. "^ ^
<Ur»- 1 ajnat, ujnat, ijAat, The cheek, pai T^
ticularly the upper and more prozninei '^ ^
part. il^\ qfinnat, Embryos. ^
^Lfia>-1 ajnthat, Wings, hands, fins, pinnr '"^
cles, projections of any kind. See ^£»' W
il^flf-l qfwdr, Neighbours. See lU^. ^^i5r«ri
^^\ qfmhah (pi. of <--?l^ jawdl^^^
Answers, replies. i ^.
.\
(7)
j^t
ui^l ajw§f, Concaye, hollow. A dasB
of inbie Terbt esUed ocmeare.
^^1 ^W, Squint or goggle-eyed. Eyes
tiot cannot bear the fflare of the fan. Beaati-
to a squint.
H vitii ft li^ht amd delicate cast of the eye.
^^\ Qjhd (comp. of JaU-/»W), More
or noit ignorant. (jMiUt J^l, The
saaipocaat of mankind.
«>^ ^, A mercenary, hired labourer,
n%Knant.
^^Lt ^Jl, Enigmas.
j!>Iaidi(pL), Ones: as jl^!tl J^^l,
ia iaannpanble man ; the one of ones;
1 ptenix. A solitary poor man. (PL of
JLxt ttUoi), Sunday.
^,jl9-l «Ad^l# (pi. of d^ Ju^ haii$9\
S«Ti. things which have recently happened.
^rrofn or traditions cooceming Mahomet,
sadnl down by the MussnlmanaoctorB to the
smberof 5266. ij|/!lcUijU-l, The
*^&ii of the Alkoran. Erents happening;
^ii5!ioiia of the sayings or doings of Mu-
•SBsd (these, as a collection, hold a
sk laMog HoaBnlman diTines oorrespond-
? to that of the Acts of the Apostles and
*•£ Apostolic Epistles with as; they are
*ysSie&r valid and binding source of antho-
rv is toe determination of canonical qnes-
-3C9}, called generally ijyj ci^ jU-t
mmSaweym^ The Apostolic Acts.
tkdt^. Surrounding, compre-
^_, containing, inclnding, holding, in<
'Ss^ besieging. Inclosnre. Conceiving,
r:L^^ nndCTStanding.
»^' iidlm. Giving in charge, committing
it care, referring ; transferring.
^' sMahh (comp. of c^-^j^fw hdbth\
^ or moat lovely ; amiable. L»^l
•-•♦a 'pi. of !>,, '^'^\ aAa&^),Priends,re-
r.-s^ the most intimate. See i— ^.^^^^ .
. •••
-^- mkhab (pL of y^y:^ hdbih),
-» i^ter (pi. of j0^ habr), Hebrew
•xf^
•^-^' M^kiibas, Betaining, containing,
J "=%£. xnelndui^, imprisonine, arresting,
V ^ar. Restraining one*8 selL Being shut
\ '^•ccd, inprisoned, included, contained.
* iht^ah. Seclusion, retreat,
I ^l^\».l ihtijaj, Bringing proofs, plead-
j ing a cause, litigating.
jt«jbi»-f ihtit&rt Avoiding, shunning, fly-
ing fixnn, taking care, being cautions.
j|^i>-f tA^trdx (almost the same), Ab-
staining from.
(jM«|y;».t ihtirdi, Preserving, guarding.
Bdng preserved, guarded.
^^j^>^^ thtirdk^ Conflagration, burning.
Ardour, strong desire.
>*|^^t ihttrdm, Yeneration, honour,
reTerence, respect.
u,;lin"..'w! Misdh, Esteeming, reckoning,
estimating, enumerating, counting.
i*Lwui»-1 Miihdm, Being ashamed, mo-
desty, [against.
10U:;l».1 ihtifdt, Taking care, guarding
j\ii».| Mifdr, Digging, excavation.
jlsi»-l ihtikdr, Contempt (in the passive
tense), being despised.
f^Ui»-\ ihtikdn, Taking or giving an
injection or clyster.
jUci^-l ihtihdr. Accumulating, reaping,
hoarding grain, laying up in a granary.
J\4>r.'w< ihtmdl, Bearing patiently, pa-
tience. Supporting, being supportable. Possi-
bility, probability.
\f.»^\ ihtiwd, Comprehending, containing.
<p.\c,>'\ ifUiydj, Indigence, want, ne-
cessity.
LLs^! ihtiydt, Care, caution, circum-
spection, foresight, scrupulousness.
UoLiA-ttA^dton, Cautiously, carefully.
JL:;»i.\ ihtiydl, Eraud, art, stratagem,
machination, deceit
j\^\ dhjdr (pi. of ^ hajt^\ Stones.
\ ahad, One. J^IJ^ Every one,
all. « lI^ J Jx ijji ^ j^l ^U
^««.ji> u--^ i? A£ 4^9 No one, of those
who can afford it, is without a choice collec-
tion of precious books. 1 Jk>.\ lzjJoj Jjb
M^ hal tuMorta ahhadan minhm, Have
you seen any one of them ? (J^~ ^
Mf>^ Ji»-\ md jdnl ahhadtm tninhum,
No one of them came to me. uu^l^
I
(8)
^
\
\^y>\^ \6^^ S^^usi^ rtLO/yiul ^dkir
toahidan fawahidan, I saw the soldiers one by
one. J^lj Jj^ tX^\ i Id ahhad min-
kum yakulj Let no one of you eat.
^\ljdSLi L^ Ss>A ) Id ahhad minnd
yakdir yakul, No one of us can eat.
^^ lJ^ Li^J \jS»^\ ahhadnd tahah
Ua beitihi One of us is gone to his house.
i^Ut Jk».l iJL^Joj nazartuahhadulndt,
I saw a man, I saw one of mankind.
1, Eleven.
\ ahadd, More or most acute, sharp,
vehement or fierce (in anger or war).
S^i\ A^ yatpm el-ahhadf Sunday, Sab-
bath day. [duction or erection.
Vil.9^Jk>-l ihdds, An invention, new pro-
j^Jk>-\ ahdak (pi. of <^[J^>- hadlkat),
The pupils of the eyes.
\ ahdab, Hump-backed.
\ aharr, More or most hot.
j]j>^\ ahrdr (pi. of^^ Aur), The free,
free-bom, noble, free men.
^1^1 ihrdhj Burning, setting on fire.
Aj^^ ahrdm (pi. of j^j^^haram), Sacred
places, sanctuaries, asylums. Ihram, Excom-
munication, an anatnema, interdiction. Il-
legal, making unlawful.
i^j^\ aArtt/(pl. of 4.J^ harf), Letters,
particles, types.
i^j»-\ ahra\ Better, best.
i^\j^\dh»dh (pi. of c^ KM), Troops,
bands, cohorts.
^jy^\ ahzdn (pi. of ^^^^ Ausn), Care,
grief. Melancholies; afflictions.
^L*»-f ihids, Perception, sight, feel-
ing, finding, perceiving. Sense.
^Lm».1 ihsdn, A benefit, favour, gift,
present, courtesy, serrice, goodness, beneficence.
c.'^^f»"l ahsab, More or most esteemed,
honoured.
^^«M».f ahsan, More or most beautiful.
Ahtana (in prayer), May it be good, beautiful.
j\,a^\ ihddr, Prodacing, presenting,
making appear, summoning, citing, calling
before. [parts, tracts.
^lid>>l ahddn (pi. of ^j^d^ hidn). Sides,
Ms^\ahfdd(^\. of Jua:*- ha/id), Friends,
grandchildren, sons-in-law, relations.
^\s^\ahfdn, Kandfulls, small quantities.
^J^\ ahakk, More or most worthy.
j\A:»^\aJJ^d (pi. of JJi>. hakad), Hatreds,
rancours, animosities.
J\a^\ ahkdl (pi. of Jis^ hakl), Arable
lands, sown fields.
Ji*-1 ahkar (comp. of^^-A^ hakir), Viler,
vilest, meanest, lowest, most contemptible.
Poorest, humblest. (Used for I or me)
jUxIf^^A^l, The humblest of servants.
j^\^\ akkdm (pi. of m^ hukm)^ Orders,
decrees, mandates, ordinances, precepts of the
law, judgments, decrees, sentences, diplomas,
letters patent. Secrets, mysteries. Presages,
prodigies, portents, prognostics.
^^;i^l£)\ ^S^^\ ahkam u*l hdkimin, The
judge of judges, the lord chief justice. God.
^♦U»-t ahldm (pi. of A^ hulm)^ Breams.
I^^S^ Jb». a\j^ J^l ^ mandkal tea
nam halima alahlam. He who eats and ^oes
directly to bed sees dreams (Arabic proTcrb).
^1l»-1 aMa* (comp. of jl^ A7fi), More
* or most sweet. [loads.
JIt^I ahmdl{pL of J^ Aim/), Burdens,
Jk^l ahmad, More or most laudable.
^\ ahmar (fem. \j^ hamrd), Red.
\ ahmak, Foolish, stupid, dull, igno-
rant, awkward, a fool.
J\^i ahwdl (pi. of Jl». hdl), States,
conditions, situations, afi'airs, things, accidents,
occurrences, circumstances, accounts, relations,
events (either past or present).
J^l ahwaly Squint-eyed. See ^^m^U
L»-l ahyd^ The living. Ihyd^ Recover-
ing, reviving, refreshing, recalling to life. To
ammate, ^ve life to ; to reanimate, restore to
life ; to give new vigour to, enforce anew ; to
make populous; to restore from neglect or
ruin, renovate ; to bring into cultivation, re-
claim (wastelands) ; to pass (the night) watch >
ing or in activity. [agee.
^L>.1 ahydn (pi. of ^^^^ h\n\ Times,
UL».l dkydnan^ Sometimes, from time
to time, now and then. IjJb kjljJ^
itj^ \j'\p^\ J^i fuuartu hazd arrajui
ahpanan huimh^ I saw this man many times.
(9)
I
iMrrH iM akyamm jf«htu^ Sometimes (he)
gves DOT, imd lometimee (he) goes &r.
UL^tj \j\^\f So many times, times
and times.
^^ fltt, A brother. ,^^ akhl, My bro-
ther. (Kp.f aihuk, Tby brother.
Jp-I oiiAtfAtf, His brother. U^^\
o^iAd, Her brother. \jy^\ akhund.
Oar brother. ^m^\ aihukum, Your
brother. *>^\ oi^AuAiMiy Their bro-
ther. ' "^
^U>t i2Aa/i, Frightening.
;UI oil^dr (pL of ^^ khahar). His-
torus, tales, annals, gazettes, news, relations^
adrices, chronicles, traditions.
;-^l «Wdr, To inform.
^r^l A^A^M (comp. of C^y^ kha-
iiti), More or most sly. The most nllanons,
the most depraved, the most infamoys.
c^l ukhi, A sister, female friend, com-
psnioiL Similar, eqoal, alike, congenial.
Cm if..^] ^j^ j^ kam min ukhtin lakj
How many sisters have you? ^li^^J
Itktt ukktan. He hsB two sisters.
,^»«=^i ikktiidnt To be circumcised.
Ac;id.1 ikhtttdm, End, completion, con-
dsson.
^J^^ tkhtira^f Inventing, fancying,
iffisgining. Invention, contrivance, artifice.
kJt^iUt ^/:>^\ ^j^ man akhtara^ al
UUp'df, Who ioTented the telegraph ?
u^\ ^^1 jjiut ^j^\ ^^jji
\*^ie. «/jsl akhtara^ al matdhie, akh-
tft^f iklUira^-aH \*aman. He who iDTsntod
tbe pKM aiade s grett inTentioii.
':^\ HAtUU. To fear. uJyiSb^t;
Than isst exhort men to virtne, and yet vio-
late her sanctoary ; thou dost prohibit iniquity.
iJL/u
»d yet abstain not therefrom ; thoa dost de-
sooaee qpprcsnon, and then commit it ; thou
feanst the world, though God claims all thy
fearl
jl.^is>-1 ikhiisdr, Abridging, abbreviat-
ing, contraction, abridgment. ^^ Jj^
c^li^l 1 JJhjl^i£v.1 ^^^L^\ hal mtn al
tnumkin ikhtuar haza al kilab. Is it possible
to abridge (to make the abridgment of) this
book?
^Idifwl ikhtudSf Being peculiar, par-
ticular, proper, special, belonging to one in
sole property.
aLt.^wI ikhtudtn, Enmity, altercation,
disputing, debate, litigation, litigiousness,
wrangling, squabbling, quarrelling.
L^U3i£>-l ikhtitdf, Seizing, carrying off
by force.
\s&£>^\ ikhti/d, Withdrawing, concealing
one's self.
^^bLr>-t ikhtilds, Seizing, snatching, lay-
ing violent hands upon, dragging away, carry-
ing off. L»)Li£wt ikhtildsan, Hastily,
violently, forcibly.
k)l:xr>-\ ikhtildt, Being mixed together,
mixture. Intercourse, commerce, association,
friendship.
i iM".>^\ ikhtildf, Discord, difference, di-
versity, discrepancy, opposition, dissen-
sion, contrast, falsehood. Contradiction.
Jai^\ uJl:^^ ikhtildf u^l manzar,
Difference of place of observation, parallax.
JlbL>-1 ikhtildlf Confusion, disturbance,
interruption, trouble, alteration. Disorder,
tumult.
jLxswt ikhtiydr, An election, choice,
liberty, option, will, power. To choose, to be
willing, to cause to elect. |^U::;^\
ikhHynran^ Voluntarily, spontaneously.
cjtfv.^ akhda^ More or most fallacious,
crafty, sly, cunning.
's:iA akh&t Eeceiving, taking, seizing.
To receive, to take, seize.
». t dkhar, Another, a second. ^^^^
j^\ t^\s£ a^mi kitdh dkhar, Give me
another book. ^^J^^^ ^jj^^ ^'^ *^
4C^1I\ khaz Junth al waraka wa a^inl
cU akharah, Take this paper and give me the
other.
M dkMr, Last, posterior, ultimate,
final. The end, extremity, latter part. Finally,
at last, afterwards. ^UjJ\^ T dkht-
rmMomdn, The end of time, ^^uij^ |^
J:S.\
(10)
L^j\
dkhimafas, The last brenth. j^^^J)^
awwal wa dkhir, Pint and last, y/*)!^ i
dkhiruJamr, At length, finally. ^^1
ukhar. Others.
^1^1 ikrdj, Prodacing, drawing forth,
bringing forward, expelling. Rusbing or sally-
ing ont.
L/^j^^ akhrm, Dumb.
i^j^\ (fern.), Another.
^^1 dkhrln, The last, the latest
comen, posterity. [noble.
^^M^\ akhass, More or most vile, ig-
^^^M«£w.t akhshan. More roagh.
u*£wt akhsha*, More or most timid.
%.\akhass, More or most proper, pecu-
liar, particular.
i:>.\ akhdar, Green. j.a:S^i\ .^^, The
g^reen or Persian Gulf. ^
jlkf^^ ikhtdr, Bemembering, recording,
recollecting. Akhtar, Dangers, risks.
UflL\ ikhfd, Concealment, hiding, snp-
pressmg. cuv )j lIXj/ ^ ^J^i^3
CSLl^ ^ iJU. ^Va^Jj, And thou
Beekest to ^cape the detection of tby neigb-
bour, wbilo tbou art under the notice of thy
Great Obsenrer? and practise concealment
from thy slaye, though tbou canst not bide
one secret from tby Master ?
h>^\ akMdh, The claws of wild beasts.
^L^f ikhlds, Candour, sincerity, piety,
probity, trutb, purity, purification, correction,
true love, friendsbip, affection. Emendation.
}oi£>-.\ akhldtt Mixtures, miscellanies.
Humours of the body, like tbe blood, bile,
pblegm, and black bile.
j)Ls^1 akMdk, Qualities, natures, tem-
Eeraments, dispositions, talents, properties,
abits, manners (good or bad). Akh&M is a
general name for books of morality, as
C^^\ ^^\, The manners of kings.
JLsJ] |Jx ^tlmil akhldh, Ethics,
moral science, metaphysics.
^^^dL^l akhloi, More or most pure, sin-
cere. jljJt (^,;^\f The most faithful
of servants. j\^\ ^^fA:^\ Sincere of
heart. Genuine, delicious.
(jMUfl^t aJJ^mdi (pL of ^^.^^^1^ khums),
Fifth parts.
^\yS^\akhiodl (pi. of JU. khdl), Uncles
by the motber's side.
iy>>^\ ukhwat (pi. of ^\ akk), Brothers.
^1^1 akhwdn (pi. of ^\ akh), Brothers,
companions.
j^\ dkhUr, A stable, stall. jy>^\j^
Mtrakhor, Master of the bone.
uJ«>.f aJshtoaff More or most timid.
lly>\ akhwilat, Uncles by the mother's
side.
j\i^\ akhydr, Gt>od, the best, the choicest,
most excellent
^L^t akhjfdsh (pi. of Ji^), Linen,
clotbs of a coarse and flimsy texture.
a\^\ akhydm, Tents, pavilions, tem-
porary movable habitations. See ^U;*£^.
j^\ akhyar, Better, best. Akhlr, Pos-
terior, last, yj^^ akh%ran,At length,
in fine.
\i}\ addf Paying, fulfilling ; n\^nner, tone.
c^^ljl dddh, Civilities, good manners,
politeness, learning, sciences, laws, duties.
Seec^jt.
CL^f j1 addt, An instrument, tool, utensil,
apparatus.
j\j\ addr, March.
5j\j\ iddrat, Turning round, revolving.
Administration. Causing to turn round, re-
ToWe, ^ or circulate. Conduct of business,
supervision, superintendence. Economy,saTing.
a1 j1 addtna (in prayer). May God prolong.
d^l^ljl addwdt, Instruments, tools,
utensils, apparatus, particles.
L^Ct\ adab, Civility, humanity, courtesy.
politeness, respect, reyerence, yeneration, ur-
banity, elegance of manners, soundness of
doctrme or principles, morality, science,
learning, pbilology. Modesty, basbfalness.
L^J\ To correct, chastise, civilize.
jb j\ idhdr. Going backwards or down-
wards (in tbe world). Adyersity.
^Ifikrjf adab'khdnah, A water-closet,
necessary.
dp^Ljj) adabaydt (fem. pi.), Eelating
to humanity. Politeness, learning, aooompUsh«
ments.
^J<i\
(11)
vlilil
JU» j1 Hkkdl, Introdacing, entering.
J:^j\ adkhinat, Smoke, the fames of
tobaooo. See f^^*^^
lJ\jJ\ idrdk, Comprehension, under-
itandisg, obaenratton, perception, intelligence,
intellect, capacity, genius. (J>'J\ \^
idrdky This man has no perception, no
comprehension, dJ Cj\jS\i ^y^\
An aimnal has no intellect.
^jji Airtmah, Adrianople.
^^j| Idris, The Arabian name for
^y=>^ Enoch the prophet
WjI iddi^a, Pretension, presumption,
arrogance, asiuming, riorying, or boasting.
InTitiDg, calling to, oraering to be brought.
i^\ adJyat, Salutations, felicitations,
eopgratnlations, compliments, wishes, sup-
pjicitionfi, prajeTB. Invitations. Blessings.
See Uj.
^ Jl adHlat, Arguments, reasons, proofs,
eridences. ^^s!^\^lij\ Clear proofs.
^jlilj\, Legal judicial proofs;
eridences before a court of justice.
See JJj.
*^\ ddamy Adam and his posterity.
aOT^ hanl adam, The sons of Adam,
i-t^ mankind.
<jS^ odna (or (jjl). More or most vile,
ic&mooB, the last, least, lowest, basest, meanest.
^y:^ adwdr (pi. of j^ J dawr), Orbs,orbits,
reTolntions, circles. Periods.
^••>1 odwiyai or adwiyah. Medicines.
olj^l h%S\j A treatise on medi-
cines. See 1^ J.
J^ adahdn^ Oils, ointments, unguents.
/*5* aikur, Times, ages, eternities. See
^ Mam, (A horse) of a black colour,
^B^iimng to a dusky green.
C^jJ\ adyak (pi. of tlXj J iik), Cocks.
JjjI adydn (pi. of ^^ J din), Beligious
rites or ceremonies; religions. uJlsr^j
Jj&\ i^ ^ ;lfl ^^T^yXI iUj,
And dishes of varied dainties are more agreeable
to thee than religious books, and sport with
comrades is more delightful, to thee than read-
ing the Kuran !
c^J^ adlhf Courteous, polite, well-bred,
learned. See 4.^jl.
t it's. When (both in pret. and int. tense).
i\ izin (Juv^.'v. or d/^ Jiil), Then, at
that time. ^^y„9 On that day. juiOJ,
On that night. U j1. When, if at any
time. J\ «, If. C^i^j^V\ Jii\
iz kdn alamr kazalik, (If such be the case),
such being the case.
1 iif tsa, When (in the future tense). If.
Jk^\ \pAi^\ i&djaa dhadun, If any one
comes. l^J^\^^L^^\pAi\%%djaawdkt
ul hhalwah. When the time of retire-
ment comes. Ci3 J Cil^ d^lj \cM
(jflUiuill fd%%& raat minka zalikalanki-
bad, And when she perceives from you
those frowns. vJjju\j ^J a.IS <Jij'«^^
AjM^fdiid raanl k&ma It wa ak^adani
makanahUf And as soon as he sees me he will
stand before me, and will cause me to sit in his
seat. LLjC^^ji6J^\CS\j\l.\3\
\y**^ c?y Uy.5 ^^ v/y U^, When
fortune bringeth thee affliction (console thy-
self by remembering that) one day thou must
see prosperity, and another day difficulty.
Ji\ti\ izd lam, Unless.
j^^iT dzdn, Ears, lobes or tips of the ears.
jo'i' «««»» The signal for summoning to
prayers by the mullah or priest, from the
minarets or towers of the mosques.
cj jl atru^ (pi. of ^jJ %ird^). Arms.
Cubits. Ells. Tbe fore-legs of animals.
-Ic j\ i%^aj\ Tearing, worrying, urging,
disturbing.
JLcj\ tz^an. Obedience, submission.
InteUigence, capacity, inteUect, judgment.
^3\ wshaVf More or most acute, in-
" geniouB, quick. See ^/ J-
1
(12)
t>
\
L^j! atkiyd (pL of ^J lajtl), Acute, in-
geniow. Whtj.
Jj! aM»^ (pi. of JJ J tdtiT), Abject, vile,
iiieaii,oontemptible^laTiBh,WTetched,muenble.
^j1 tiBfi, An ear, tip of the ear. A handle.
Im, pennimoDf leare, liomoe, duminion,ooiig6.
c^U jt astnah (pL of i^ J fnitod). Tails,
romps, pocterion.
j^Uj^ os^n (pi. of ^ J uhn\ Oemnses,
memoriei, intellects, capacities.
J b j1 mufdl (pi. of Jj J MtT). Skirta, tails,
borders of a garment. Appendices.
4j jl azlyat, Oppression, injury, damage,
bait, wroDg, loss.
jiPr^j^ orajlZf Poems consisting of verses
called ^^>-^, where the' cesnra is six
times repeated.
f^Mp^\j\ araji/(jl. ofi3^j\). Scandal,
£idse ramoar.
io^U arakhinat (pl.of ^^^^jt). Princes,
• archons, chiefs.
iCt\j\ irddat, Desire, intention, purpose,
design, will, affection, inclination.
Jj\j\ aratil (pi. of J J,^ anw/). Low,
mean, rode people. The vilest men.
^^j\ aradl (pL of ^j\ ard), Lands.
^}^ttrd^,Shedding,pouringout, spilling.
J^l^l ardmil (pi. of J^j\ armal, fem.
4X«;t), Widowed in a single state.
\^ \j\ ardmb (pLof c-^^' ariki*),Hares.
S^Vj.' or^^^t Possessors, masters, lords.
This word (which is the plural of ^j
rabbf lord, master) added to any word signifi-
cant of science, art, office* profession, or quali-
fication, denotes the endowment or possession
of it, as c^^Jju L^\)J\, Superiors,
conquerors. [parts.
^j\ arhd^ (pi. of jjj rubQ, Fourth
ifUjS arha^, Four.
j£ac iMj\ arha^t ^ashara, Fourteen.
\tuj\ arha^, Thursday.
f^^j\ arha^Un (and ^;-jwj1). Forty.
J)j) Arhdl, The ancient city of Arbela
'*! Mesopotamia.
I
kLj^t iriibdt^ A ligament, oonnezioQ,
chain. Friendship.
JlaT^t irtijdlf Speaking extempore, off-
hand. (J \_-'-^ cr^- <J^ ^ "y>»M.3
iWaf^ JLllLl fJL>j^ dLr* When
I heard him say, as he oonrscd onward in his
career, and gare rent to accents of unpre-
meditated speech. ^^^^ iriijdlan^
tJnthinkingly, inconsiderately, etc.
Jla^t irtihdl, To emigrate, etc. Emi-
gration, departore. Death.
i}\jjj\ trtiddd, Apostacy, apostatizing,
becoming a renegado.
/^>mJj\ irtiMidm, Being marked or re-
markable.
\Z*jj\ irtiihd, Corruption, subornation,
bribery ; receiving a bribe.
LiJjt trtidd, Acquiescing, approving.
im^\juj\ irticdh, Being firightened. Alarm .
j\mjJ\ irti^dd. Trembling, shaking, being
frightened, disturbed.
t^\Mj^ irtt^dsh, Trembling, trepidation,
c \ijj^ ir^f/<Z^,£levation,a8eent,exaltation .
\ajj\ irtikd, Going upwards, rising. Ad-
rancing in rank. Addition, accession, increase,
augmentation, adrancement, promotion, as-
cending, exaltation.
i^\i^J\ irtikdb, To commit, etc. Com-
nussioa or perpetration (of a crime).
u^Lj^I artiydhf To doubt, etc. Doubt,
uncertainty. [right.
i^Ljj\ tr*. Inheritance, heritage,hereditary
^^^ arfawdny Purple.
\j^^>'j\ arfawdnl, Very red, deep red.
S;«s>>^f aiyu%at, A poem in the measure
called >-• raf%, where there are six
pauses or cesvras in the line.
(^\^j\ arhdm (pi. of ^o^ rahm), Wombs,
matrices. See (t^j-
Jt»^j\ orAam (comp. of f^^j rahlm), More
or most merciful, ^j^^^^^^-^)^ f'^^ ' ^^®
most merciful of the merciftil, an attribute
of God.
\^j\ irkhd, Giving the reins, relaxing.
^J
D.t
(13)
3J
\
^^j^ orUilJiy A prince, chief, archon,
hifrh-print, patriarch, abbot, or any chief of
Rugion among the eastern Christians.
J^'J^i ArdahU, A city in Azarbijan
(Media).
J Jul tarzal (comp. of Jj J; razll), More
or mott mean, base, ignoble, rile.
jj\ on (jj rua), Eice.
j^jj\ snak (pi. of ^jj m^),Biches, pos-
sesions, goods, commoditieB, effects, apparel,
moTables, prorisions.
ilfl anatf Cedar, (^^tj^ Anlt'hndn,
The cedars of Mount Lebanon. These trees,
vhieh are of so many generations, are few,
Qot more than seyen or eight; but these
patriarchs of the T^etable world are distin-
guished by baring ronr or five trunks, each
equal to a large tree, spreadinjg; from one base,
snd growing up together to the height of ten
or tvelre f^ They are about thirty feet in
circmnferenoe. Besides theie, there are about
forty or fifty good-sized iine-looking trees,
s&d a great number of smaller ones, with
some small pines amongst them. Eyerything
m their actual appearance is calculated to 6ul^
Etantiate the truth, aptness, and precision of
the prophecies concerning them.
^j' ind, Finn, immovable. Fixing, ren-
dering firm. Besolying firmly on anything.
Landing at a port. [spatching.
JL:j\ inaJ, Expedition, sending, de-
^wtl ar^&n (pi. of ^^ rasian). Halters,
bridles. See ^j-*;-
^\lj\ irsJtdd, Directing, showing the
rig^bt way, conyerting. Ordering, guiding.
^j\ arihad. Most npright, most tena-
ci&as of the right way.
jmS^a^j] Arashmidaa, Archimedes.
«>«^it aridd. Observations of the stars,
or of roads.
^j\ ord, The earth, ground, soil, country,
region. Iw ls.^«>/^ ^J\ l^ji (^JLJo^
u'^, Flee with thy life if tbonmeetest
vitii onpreasion, and leaye the house to deplore
iti boiUer's faJbe, Thou wilt find for the land
that Ihou quittest, another ; but no soul wilt
thoa find to replace thine own.
^j^ irdd, Satisfying, gratifying, con-
j^j\ ardi, Terrestrial, earthly, earthy.
Jll?^l aridl (pi. of Jloj rati). Pounds of
twelve ounces. Weights of 800 drachms or
dirhems. It yaries in different places.
(^■^rjl arghab, More or most desirous,
coyetous. [pleasant, affluent.
S£j\ arffhadf More or most commodious,
^^\ arffhun, A musical organ.
^jUj^ ar/(!^,* Companies, societies, com-
mittees, assemblies. See (J^j>
^j\ arfa^, More or most high, sublime,
exalted. See
/^\jj\ arkdm (pi. of jjsj rakam), Arith-
metical figures ; written characters. Diplomas,
commands.
j^l^jl irkdn, To have confidence, to rely
upon, to trust. ^^ CXi L^ vi ^
_A^^ idli uli Cic.^^, There is none
in thy time whose friendship thou shouldst
coyet ; nor any intimate who, when fortune is
treacherous, will be faithful. Liye then apart,
and rely upon no man ; I haye giyen thee, in
these words, good advice, and sufficient.
^J^j^ ark&n] Columns, pillars, supports,
props, posts. See ^^j ruhn. ^^j\
(•.ri;s}\ arkdn al karh, The staff of an
army.
f^^j\ arkun, Chiefs, princes, heads of
religious bodies. [javelins, lances.
-U;^ armah (pi. of f^j rumh), Spears,
f^\*^j\ arfngaharif A present, gift, dona-
tion, offering. [celibacy.
^j\ amud, Widowed, in a state of
^c^^ Armani^ An Armenian. The
Armenians living in the Ottoman Empire are
all under the jurisdiction of the Patriarch of
Constantinople, while those who are estab-
lished in Russia, Persia, and the other parts
of Asia, acknowledge the supremacy of the
Patriarch of Etchmiadzin, situated in Western
Armenia, near Mount Ararat.
<JU-^ 1^ ArmanlyaK Armenia.
i^^j\ amah, A hare. [minds.
A^\ anvah (pi- of ^^ roh). Spirits,
u
(14)
\
A\tu\ ArtDdm, Greeks.
,^^\ arwa\ Aasnagiog thirst.
-b^l arycth (pi. of ^j rU), Winds.
^\ij\ aryaf (pi. of <*-Wj rl/), Well
cultiyated, planted, improTed (groandfl) ; plen-
tiful (countries).
j\j\ izar^ A veil of fine linen or muslin,
which, in the East, flows from tl^e ladies' heads
to below the middle of the le^.
fX>'i^j\ izdahdm, A concourse, crowd,
press, throng, mob, multitude.
IjJjl izdird, Scorn, contempt, disdain,
indignation, contumely.
j\jj\ awdr, Buttons, buckles.
^jj\ azrak (fern. \jjj zarkd), Blue.
i3j\ caikkatf Streets, places, squares,
courts, lanes, alleys.
Lfjl aatkiffd (pi. of ^j %akl), Good, just,
virtuous, ingenuous (men).
Jjt a%al, Eternity (having no beginning,
JjI implying eternity, without end).
^lj\ azalif God. Eternity, eternal, eter-
" nally. Name of an author.
i^j\ azaltyat, Life everlasting, eternal
existence.
Ji:^j\ uzminat (pi. of f^^^J saman),
Times, ages.
^\^j\ azwaj (pi. of -rjy zauf), Spouses,
consorts, pairs, couples.
J^j^ afMr (pi. of ^^ skiAr), Flowers.
ij^ j\ibj\ \:J\:^ ^j /> hu8tcL nind
azhar katirah. There are many flowers in our
garden. j\jbji\ c-^^a^ ^yli)l bjJb
hatih al khatun tahib alazhar. This lady is
fond of flowers.
jJbj\ azhar, Bright, brilliant, splendid,
shining, clear, evident.
jjwT d8, The myrtle.
^^\ uss, A foundation, basis.
S'LiI asd-at and isd-at, An offence.
wjL}1 asdbU (pi. of ^^fwf asbu^,
Weeks.
w^Li! asdjl^ Khymes, cadences.
4^^L»1 Mdra* (pi. of^^l <iMlr), Captives,
slaves, prisoners.
[mancea.
(jmL)\ OBdB, A foundation, basis. ^jj^\
JLjImJI (Foundation of rule), a book
on political government.
Fundamental.
^^L)l asdtlrt Fabulous histories, ro<
JiLsf MdJUf The inferiors, the lower
class, the most infamous ; mean, stupid (people).
^La^ asdkifa (pi. of t^jiiLsl), Bishops.
c-.^L«! aedlih, Modes, manners, ways.
w«L>t asdmt^, Ears, hearing.
^^L)l asdmi (pi. of AM)^ im), ITames.
Ju;L}\ asdnldf Allegations on the autho-
rity of another. Imputations, attributes.
j^\J[ asdwir, Bracelets.
c^LmjI ashdh (pi. of {^ ^»»»^ iahah\
Causes, motives, arguments, reasons, incen-
tives, stimulatives. Modes, ways, manners.
Instruments, utensils, apparatus.
means.
Clothes, apparel, effects, movables, foods,
furniture. [Israel.
S^Lmi! ashdt (pi. of k^a 8tbt), Tribes of
9y^^ ashu^f A week. ^^^^\ ashu^,
weekly. ^^\ JU^ jumdl as-
bu^f A weekly newspaper.
u^^^l ist, The buttocks, hips, backside,
anus, fundament.
j\i^l tutdd, A master, teacher, tutor.
An artificer, manufacturer, an artisan. Inge-
nious, excellent, celebrated, famed for any art
or work of ingenuity.
^L::mmo1 tstihdhatf Permitting one to pur-
sue his own inclinations. [pendent power.
jIju:^.^}! istibddd, Absolute and inde-
JLVi'ImiI utibddl, Changing, exchang-
ing, desuring to change. To change, exchange.
^LumS^I utihshdr, Eejoicing at or an-
nouncing good news.
j\^^\ utibsdr, Considering with atten-
tion, looking,- seeing, examining.
IL^r^^ istihtd, Delaying, expecting.
Waiting with impatience. Deeminf any oAe
to be late, to be slow. Being slow, dull, lazy.
Jl,fi*riyirf^ istiskdl, Deeming any one a
bore, and showing it.
Ui:Ld\ istimd, Exception, distinction.
^l=sXi«}f fstifdhat, Hearing, receiving a
petition. Giving an answer. Accepting, oon«
senting.
,\
(15)
\
ij\sxJ iUfSr^kf Hiring, renting. Im-
plorin^ protectiQii, asking asdstanoe.
j;l^Ll ktijasak. Asking leave, solicil-
ljIsLI Mfldh, Attraction. Carrying
coBck aad other cattle.
^L^mI iitikidn. Approving, prauing,
tolkiaf, or oaoB^rnng aa a &Toor.
JL^t iitihsdl, Aoqoiiing, collecting,
jIsaJ idAddr, Calling, citing to ap-
pcv, wmnnoning before.
^tU^cut istiJUcarf Despising, vilifying,
ieonoD^, tretting with contempt.
J^isLi\ulMdkf Merit, capacity, worth,
ikill, ability, genina.
•iAJtitihkdmy Strength, defence, cor-
' nbortiioii, ccmfirmation, fortifying, adTancing,
prooiotiBg, leaixing, strengthening.
i^lscut iitihld/. Adjuring, swearing
Kdemnlj, causing another to swear.
Jl^Lil isiihldl. Considering or making
Infal, vishiog a tiling lawfhL
IL^I utthmdl^ Toleration. Desiring
to ben, carry, or take upon one's self; desiring
tBotba to do anything. Patience, resignation.
/t^iaO^rfl ittkhddm. Employing, making
ae of the labour of another.
^jsLt\ iitikhrajt Extracting, drawing
cfat, eansing to oome forth, coming finm a
j^iceorcoantary.
,/lkul UtikkldMf Setting at liberty,
^aam^ to liberate, procuring liberty.
^j^c^\ uiidrdk. Comprehending, con-
coring, andentanding, reaching, eaaalling,
oTcrtakiiig, arriving, obtaining, wisnine to
CQBpr^end, obtain, etc. JEtestoiing, menung.
'^<Xi^\ itiid^d. Petitioning, requesting
nbauMTely, entreating.
^ix^\ iitidldl, A demonstration, ar-
ZODcat, proof. Perceiring, collecting or
oawiag arguments from. Asung the reason.
^^^\ itiirdhat, Quiet, rept, repose,
slwp, peace, tranqmUity. Pausing.
^/md] ittHjd, Petitioning, begging, sup-
plaiting, asking, reqnestiDg, desiring.
^•>^\ tiiirfd^. Asking or taking back
the whole or part of anything once given.
^J^\ iiiirddd. Demanding restitution
^ tajtbam^, whether giTen, deposited in trust,
« taktt without consent.
b J^^ Uiiridiydf An oyster.
U^l utir^t To commit some one to
the care of another, u^ jJl ^y;L«>f ^
aJJ? Jkii *jJL!f , He who commits the
sheep to the care of the wolf does wrong
(commits an act of injustice). [slayery.
^j^Ji utirldk, Captivity, reducing to
U,M,.a>#)^ utUkd, The dropsy.
ij\JiA2^\ istishdrat, Consulting, asking
advice, deliberating with another, standing in
need of advice.
clLlzUrff utishfit^f Asking, imploring,
begging, intercession.
i»\4iur>*«i^ utithmdn, A small percep-
tion ; perceiving in a slight degree.
j\^<Mr«iirfl Utuhhddy Taking evidence,
summoning witnesses, bringing testimony or
proof. Fuling a martyr for religion.
(^V5^^^^\ %$t%B'hdh, Associating with,
becoming sociable or fiimiliar, wishing for the
company of any person.
jljLidCUrfl iitisghdr. Despising, holding in
small estimation, considering with contempt.
i^\y»a^ utiswdb, Approving, thinking
well of, esteeming right. To approve.
^Iki^^ isiiidhat, Approbation, relishing,
liking, taking well, finding agreeable.
^LfUaiUjI utitd'^t, Power, possibility,
capability, capacity.
k:\JbBi^\ istitrdd, A digression.
JUsiLdt istiddlf Sitting in the shade.
^\^lr;...il iathhdrf Seeking for protection.
SjIjcLmi^ isti^%atf Asking protection,
calling for help.
ij\fc^\ isti^dt, Borrowing. Using a
word metaphorically. A metaphor.
JgU:.^! unknot. Asking assistance, im-
ploring help. [subjecting.
jLjii>*i\ uti^hddf Beducing to slavery,
j\m^ isttc-hdr, Taking an example,
and being edified by it. [der, surprise.
c^Ls-*^l uti^'db, Astonishment, won-
Jljs*-^! uti^'dl, Hastening, accelerat-
iuj^, ordering one to make hasta, impelling,
stimulating, despatching any business soon,
dressing meat qmckly ; wishing to make haste.
jIjjCi^ itti^dddf Skill, knowledge,
\
(16)
\
geniw, aptitude, capacity, difpostion^ merit,
worth. A state of preparatioiL An indina-
tion, tendencj, preoupodtioiL Katonl dis-
position.
uJUajCM*^ uti^f, Conciliating the &-
▼our of any one, obtaining their good gnees.
Insinnating one's self into the good opinion of
another.
^Hajc*.^^ itti^wdm, Becoming prond,
ConceiTinsr highly of, esteeming greatly, ad-
miring. KespecL
\ijCm^\ istiffd. Asking pardon or abaola-
tion. A request to be sanerseded in olBoe, a
resignation; to beg to oe allowed to qnit
office. [adriee, or news.
i%]Lc^^ uii^m, Asking information,
JUjcuiI isU^m&l, Use, usage, custom.
^Us;m>^ uti^hdtah, Imploring succour,
begging aadstance.
(^\Jc^\ Utighr&h, Great admiration,
amazement, wonder. Being struck with
surprise.
\iJG^\ utighfir, Bepentance, depreca-
tion, asking forgireness, desiring that anything
may be pardoned. dlHj a r;.,i^. May
God pardon, heayen avert, God preserre.
fci>UlLiJ\ lii- ^\ i:Li\j^\, And
we ask thy forgiveness should our frailty be-
tray us into ambiguities, as we ask thy for-
giveness should our steps advance to the verge
of improprieties.
\JcmJ, utighna, Being contented, in want
of nothing, wealthy, independent. Not being
in want. Accounting one's self firee from wan^
and therefore contemning things.
ifj\ii«d\ utifddat, Profit, advantage,
emolument, gain. Gaining, reaping the frnits.
Utility. [learned man).
\\i\»A uti/td, Consulting (a lawyer or
c|^,i2«A\ iitifrdghf Yomiting, eracuating,
rejecting.
Jku*hm^ iitifidr^ Asking an explanation,
informing one's self, inquiring.
^IfKLrft istifhdm, An interrogation. De-
siring to know or to be taught, informing one's
self by asking questions.
L9\xi^\ utikdmatj Rectitude, sincerityi
integrity, fidelity, truth, purity of intention,
religion. Standing erect, remaining, rising up,
aetug uprighUy. Fortitude, resolution.
-.Lii^l w^tittdA, Detesting, hating. Dis-
approving, abhorring. ,
^Lii^f itiMdl, Encountering, going
against, turning upon. Going to meet.
■) jCL^sf uttirdr. Confirmation, ratifica-
tion, establishment, stoppbg, staying, resting,
dwelling, seftUng, fixing a residence, [lend.
^\Jbm»\ istikrdd^ Borrowing, asking to
JiaSc^ Mikidr, Distilling, dropping.
JlSi^i^t utiUdJ, Sovereign authority,
absolute dominion, plenipotentiary powers,
unlimited commission, independence.
j\Jc^\ iitHbdr, To choose the largest.
To be proud.
jllC-L,»1 Mihar, Conceiving that there
is a great deal, using a Isige quantity.
9\Jismi\ iitihrdh, Abhorrence, abominat-
ing, disdaining, despising, contemning, doing
a £ing reluctantiy. Hating.
uJluJc^t utMidf, An effort or ques-
tion made to elucidate a matter.
JUicLrfl istikmdl, Completion, bringing
to perfection, wishing anything finished, per-
fected, completed.
j\ jJa^\ uiihdz. Considering as delicate,
elegant, agreeable. Being delighted, pleased.
Tasting, relishing, admiring.
cUo^l iittmd^, Listening, hearing.
iDU^Mit utimdlat. Conciliating, encou-
raging, gaining the favour of any one.
ftlr>^^»l utimtd^, Enjoying.
jIj^'Uj^ utimddd, Asking supplies, sub-
sidies, aid, assistance.
j\j^^s^\ ittimrdr, Perseverance, continua*
tion, persisting, constancy. Proceeding, goings
on. Prolongation. ^Ix -4SwmJ ^"i^^
(^^3 <-^^ L5^J^ ^J^^^^^ ^^^^
How long^wilt thou persevere in dilution, and.
reUsh the pasture of oppression ? How lon^
wilt thou be extreme in thy contumacy aao,
persist unceasingly in thy profligacy P
Jlf^c^^ istimhdl, Asking a delay, wish*-
ing for a term or respite.
jl:c«jf tsttndd, Leaning against j support-
ing one's self, or depending upon anything.
tlwCLMdl utinbdt, Deducing, inferring.
k.t
(17)
JJ
jl^UL^l Mtjdi, Asking assiBtance or
pioteetkik
JziiJ idmtdj. Drawing a condoflion.
Ait^ iiimidkk, Taking a oopj in
vxitiog (of t book). [an enemj.
)\4::Ld^ itimdr, Soliciting aid against
jlo::^! iOnUdi, Interrogating, inter-
rogstorj. [disdaining.
ljIC;:;^] ittifddf, Befhsing, rejecting,
^!firfl Mnhdd, Exciting, ronsing, or-
iam^ one to rise op (to do anjrthing).
1^1 istwd, The being eqoal, parallel.
EqoaHtj, parallelity. \fJi\ li^, The
equator. [joke, jest
^jfJi uUhd, Dwisian, laughing at, a
JlfLil idOdOlf Appearing (as the new
bood).
jla^l iftydr. Hiring, renting.
li
gi^i^^l if Aid/, Destroying, erasing,
nmh^, oidicating, polling np by the roots,
aifinaisiting, extirpating.
e\lij iifikaz, Watching, awakening.
^^ittUd, Victory, superiority, con-
qoot, dtnimioii, power, authority.
^ys^] ujd^, Bhymesy cadences.
^jS-" saUo', More, most liberaL
l^c^l oiiAyd, Liberal (men.) See
•^1 atai, A lion. The sign Leo.
IsJ uiUfat, Warps.
J*' a», Taking prisoner, binding. Uir,
Ciptinty.
J fuard, GaptiTes. See j^^^J .
J J urdr (pL of j^ iirr), Secrets,
Bpteries.
't 1 -
^^t t«rd/. Prodigality, dissipation,
»i«se of wealth.
^ aara^, More or most swift. See
to--
sJ ittahl, A stable for horses.
/=-' aiiiir, Lines, strings, rows. See
7=-. JaJ^ ixij\ i^^f\^ /^^\, I have
*^^ four lines to-day.
V*j4-1 tuUtrldh, An astrolabe.
^ fj Uit^wanah, A portico supported
by pillars. du^jaJi\ J>t, Followers
of the Stoics. [blessing, &Toiiring.
c\jua\ ii^dd, Making happy or prosperous,
j\jua\ M^r, Prices. See^^jiMi.
Sx>^\ as^, If ore or most happy. c!/Aa,,il
^f , May Qod make you happy !
4.jLit asaf, Anger, veiation, anguish,
chagrin.
j\iu>\ Mfdr (pi. ^i y^ i*/r\ Books,
Tolnmes. Jonmeyi, trarels.
Ji«dl aa/al, Inferior, the lowest. iju\
ttifalanj Below, under.
.4fJi<^\ ufunj, A sponge. Tripoli supplies
the best quality of sponge in Syria.
^^l^Lisf lifahdf^ Ispahan, the capital of
Persian Irak (the ancient Parthia).
-^IjuLjt isfidajt CernsOi a paint used
by women.
)o\slJ\ iskdt, Causing one to falL Mis-
carrying. To make a subtraction in arith-
metic ; to make a discount in commerce.
u,fl5..t\ uskuf (pi. 4iiL)l), A bishop.
^^j^\ uk&ryiin, Germander (plant).
uJlCal ukdft A shoemaker.
^Idl iskdn, Causing one to stay, re-
main, continue to dwelL
^jtX:Sm^\ IsiandarUn, Alezandretta, near
Aleppo, in Syria (Scanderoon). The ancient
Alexandria aa Issus, the last town of Cilicia.
It is the natural port of Aleppo. From the
beginning of May to the end of September
the heat is oppressiTC, but sojourning here in
the winter is very agreeable. The marshes
of Alexandretta are of recent formation, and
are generally attributed to two small springs
which issue from under some rocks about a
mile from the town to the south, and not
finding a passage through the channels oriein-
aUy cut to carry off their superabunaant
waters to the sea, have gradually spread oyer
the low ground, and formed a pestiferous
swamp. It is evident to eyery one who sees
the place, that a judicious system of drainage
is all that is required to render it what it
formerly was — a comparatiyely healthy spot.
The bay of Alexandretta is the safest anchor-
a^ on the whole coast of Syria, and it can
giye good shelter to the greatest nayy in the
world. [Bgypt.
jjjtxJLwA likandarlyahy Alexandria, in
(i^l^^ addff Ancestors, remote or ancient
kindred. One*s nearest relations or allies.
The husbands of a man's wife's sisters. Itlof^
Paying before due, or in adyanoe.
2
^\
(18)
s^\
a)LI Mdtn, The true or orthodox faith
among the Mahometans. Obedience to the
will or God, Bubmisrion, humbling one's self.
The Mnhammadan religion, islamism ; the
Muhammadan church or oommunity.
aUII Jj^f ahl d iildmy thfi members of
the Mnhammadan religion, a Mnssulman.
/XJi\j^iJ^ iheykh-tU-uUim, The elder
of the Muhammadan church, the chief legist
aadjnristof theTurkishempire. ^^^^SLit
M^m7,0f or pertaining to the Mussulman fidth.
Sisr^\ asUhat, Military arms. See JLa*
4»j'jL»l Uilnhy Order, way, mode, means,
measure, manner, method, form. \f^\
utluban^ Methodically.
m1 iitn, A name, noun. ij\JL'i\ j^\ umul
iiAdraA,Ademon8traliTe pronoun. f^\
Jbclill iwnidfd^Uy The pa^ciple active.
J^aL«11 AMil wmul tnaf^l, The parti-
ciple passive. J JuaJI AMit iitnul nuudar,
The infinitiye or noun of action.
Uwl Mtnd (pi. of j^\ Mm), ITames, at-
tributes of God. ^
^^1 otmaTf Brown, tawny, dusky.
^^\ astnan, More or most fisit, jolly,
plump, gross, lusty. .See ^;:^(w•
oLm»1 un&df Imputing, attributing,
charging, accusing, arraigning, impeaching.
^Ixyal OMdn (pl.> of ^^ iinn), Teeth.
Spears, jarelins, the points of speaxs.
i:»^\ atinnat, Points of spears, halberds,
lances, jayelins, or arrows.
^yujf atna*, More or most high, sublime.
j\^\ uiwdr (pi. of jj-i «flr), Walls.
Itwar, A bracelet.
]0\yJi oiwdt, Scourges, whips*
j\y^\ Mwdk (pi. of jya tHk), Strscts,
marketplaces, squares. ,«M*ijci vj:^^
(JULc, And I said within myself, I
will arise, and go through some of the market
streets, and see the state (of the trade) ; so I
took some stuff, and made some of my serrants
carry it.
JjMil (uwadp Bkck, blacker, blackest.
ifjyJS OBtotrat, Bracelets.
c^jl^l is-hdb, Talkativeness, garrolit}^.
Jlfyjl U-hdl, Loosening, opening, pnrg*
ing, lubricating, facilitating. [darts.
i*lfi«jl oi'hdm (pi. of m^ $ahm), Arrows,
JfNdl as'hal, More or most easy. J^M^aiT
\j^ ,j/^\ *ih tSt It is much easier
to procure books in Europe than it is in the
East.
j^\ Mfr, A captive, prisoner, slave.
(J^l asil (or ^lLi.>Oi A flux of water.
^1 ash (or (jmjO, How ? what ? what
thing ? in what manner P for what P is it not P
Cj3U. ^\, How do you do? what
is your situation P (N.B. — ^This is a contraction
from L<&4^^ Off ihff, What thing, as in
the following sentence : c^Ji ^ ^Jji
C^UjI. And the heart of the old woman
was moTed with compassion for him, and his
weeping and lamenting grieyed her. She said
then unto him : O my son, and whst is in this
paper, that it has maae thee weep ?)
CjfjLll iihdrdt (pi.). Signs, etc.
ij\j^\ ishdrat (or lfj\j^\), A sign, token p
mark, signal, nod, w«Te with the hand.
j^\ To point outy show, to make a
signal, hint, intimate.
l£\j^\ uhd^ah, Publication, divulging-,
difftiaing, spreading about or abroad.
•.LmiI ashhdh (pi. of ,^Cit ihdbh), Bodies.
jL^f athhdr (pi. of^^). Palms, spans.
&IJ«1 ishbd^f Satiating, satisfying.
JLmiI ashbdl, The whelps of a lion or
other wild beast.
\l^\fsJ^\ uhtihdk, Confusion, mixture.
i\^sJ^ \ uhtihdh, Doubt, ambiguity. Com -
parison, similitude, resemblance.
j\jcJ«l Mtiddd, Fortifying, confirming*,
strengthening. Firmness, vehemence^ forc^^
violence. ULiSl ^ly\^(^
J vtr^l jlLJ? Jri^jl j1 ^^^1
Ittxrl, I hsre picked op from the
Mftflf Aelemed and H^es, and deriTed
TO tk pnoepte of the wue, that it is the
^iTthe prademt asd iBteUigeat gtnmgery
i^ohe CDtcn aaj new town, to ffain the
iMkSf of ill jooga* and eeoore hia good-
vO; thai he BMj fiMrtiiy himeelf in caae of
litifatuo, tad he taib in a foreign land from
tk i^oMiet of its ndoa and offioen.
C^l itktirtUt, Company, partDerghipi,
pptiri|iifioa,iociety,anteringintopagtnefihip.
Jlc^l Mftj^d/, Bamisg, inflaming,
eaflagntioB, hf^iting a fire or candle.
J^«^( fiA^ih^Ad/, Ooenpation.
J^l M^ildi, Deriyation of one name
fam tnoflier. [raooming, reproach.
^^MOd, Lunentatioii, complaint,
^^4^1 MsHtf^ (Sompi^eBnon, eon-
tabuBg, embracing. Bee Jlcumi^.
If-' itkHhd, Appetite, demre, wish.
19)
;lf-l uhtihdr, Eame, renown, celebrity,
'"Nation. Pnblieatiim, diTol^ng. To be-
ttoc celebrated. 1 1' ir^ i f .^^ l^J
C/^tyL J^^< U/i jLJI J ^Li^
^^ her beauty 1>ecame celebrated, and her
^ ^iread throughont the sorroanding coan-
^ all Ae king! aent to her father to reqaeet
^of him in marriage, and he consulted her,
*« bad a eooTenation with her about the
jBfTia^ bot she disUked it, and said to her
«*e, 0 fitther, I hare no wish at all to marry.
J^l Miydk, Viflh, longing desire to
*e any abeent person or thing. jtJ*!,
He vi^ lie doiied, he longed fbr. Todesire.
;<l«Vfir, Trees. ^^IJ^-^LW^^*'
J;^ ^ ^dr dihhai /I an tawarrik,
"< tnei ire beginning to be ootered with
\
f I M^Vf^ol (pi.). Intrepid, strong.
^Ji\i^\ athkhdi, Persons, bodies, indi-
▼idiuds, shapes, figures. See ^/oas^,
Jl&i Mhadd, More or most vehement,
strong, bold, serere.
\jj^\ oihiddd (pi.). Strong, intrepid,
brarei gallant, bdd, Tehement, riolent, aerere,
rigotoQB. See Ju Jl««.
jl Jj^l oihddk, The corners of the mouth,
those parts of the oheeka which are nearest to
the mouth. See JJ^.
t»\ Oiharr, Worse, worst See^^.
j\jJ^\ athrdr (pi.), Wicked, wretched,
criminal, rinfol, seditious, rebellions. See
u^l^tdiAra/, Nobles, grandees. i-,,^ja3
uJ|/Jt tioMuP athrdf, The chief of
tiie nobles. Title of an oflker of high rank,
who is ohai]^ at Constantinople with a
certain jurisdiction in matteiv relating to the
pedigree and pririleges of the descendants of
Muhammad.
j\jj^\ Mtdk, Bisiag (of the sun), shin-
ing, flashing, dassUng, being brilliant.
\li)^\ Mrdh, Giying companions to
God. [ngoB, symps.
^j^\ a^hnbatf Drinks, potions, beve-
i^jJL\ aihraff More or most noble. ^
c1ni^v-J^1 Ail aahraf minnak, Ee*is
nobler than you. 't_q^ A cjL^t Jh
hu athraf §harlf, He is the most noble among
nobles. sS^^ cr^lfyh^ man hu al
athrafbginakum. Who ii lihe most noble among
you ? ^ a\j\^ if^^^ ^^< cuJUi
^y^) ^jj^ ^A^3 ^v^j^^3 f ^^d
she addressed the judge in these terms : May
God protect the judge ! May he nerer cease
to be the reconcuiator of disputants ! I am,
my lord, of the noblest origin, and of the
purest descent; my matemu and paternal
uncles are the most distinguished of tne land.
jU^l ash^r, Poesy, poems, verses.
fJ\xJ^\ iah^l, Setting on fire, kindlin^
inflaming.
\
(20)
k^l
ti\ ashlar, Hairy. More intelligent,
more happily poetical.
lxJ^\ ashi^^h, Eays^ sunbeams. Lights,
brilliances, splendours. See 9^^<
JU^l aahffhdlf Affairs, ocoupatioDS, busi-
nesses, cares, employments.
j\aJL\ ashfar, Edges of the eyelids.
^iLlt ishfdk, Compassionating, pitying,
condoline, commiserating. Aahfak, Compas-
sions. Crepuscoles, twilights.
^J-ll a8hfa\ More or most powerful,
'efficacious, medicinal, or salutary. See
^\ ashkoTf Of a fine bright red. Fair.
LLII ashkiyd (pi.). Poor, miserable,
wretched. See i^A-i».
\LL\ ishkd, Complaining, mourning, la-
menting.
JlLl\ ashkal, Forms, figures, shapes.
See jLl.
(Z^UJ^t ishmat, Bejoicing (at the mis-
fortune of another). See L::.*w«tji.
^}aJ^\ ashmal, More or most complete,
nniyersal, surpassing, transcendent. See
^U^i tishndn, The herb alkali, and the
ashes which are made from it^ with which they
wash clothes.
xi»\ ashna^, Deformed, ugly, hideous.
More or most vile, shocking, etc. See
^l^t ashwdk, Desires, affections, pas-
sions, propensities. See |J^«
^^\ ashwas,. Squint-eyed. One who
contracts his eyes and knits his hrows, in order
- to look more steadily.
ti\^\ ash'hdd, Witnesses, such as have
been present, eyewitnesses. lahhad, Taking
to witness, attesting, bringing prooL See
j^\ aah'har, More or most celebrated,
known. See^;^ andji^fl.^.
^^flf ash-ha^ More or most desirous.
u^l a«Ay£(,ThingB,clothes, effects. See^^^
^[»a\ isdhat, Eeotitude, justness. Speak-
ing properly, conceiTin^ well, hitting the
mark. Overtaking, reachmg, arriving at. To
be afflicted with. \^j\ UU ^1 ^
jSU^ ij/Ls, \^ ^jj ^Wfj '^^^
,::^\ VI ^1^ j.^.^ C^^\
^y^, Her father then conveyed her
into an apartment, and there confined her, ap-
pointing ten old women as watch women to
guard ner, and forbidding her to enter the
seven palaces ; and he made it appear that he
was incensed against her, and sent letters to
all the kings, mforming them that she was
afflicted with insanity. See S-''!^*
v^jL^I asdht^ or ^:»^l^^ asdhi^ (pi. of
^^), Fingers.
wr^lyl asdlat, Nobility of extraction.
The quality of bein^ the real officer, and not
the temporary substitute.
4^Ue^\ a$-hdh, Lords, possessors, mas-
ters. Friends, companions, intimates. See
j\j^\ isddr, A production. Producing,
arising, appearing, making appear. Publish-
ing, procbuming, issuing.
i\*^\ Mddgh, The temples, that part
of the face from the eyes to the ears ; the
hair that flows around the temples. See
i^ljutfl, asddf, Shells, shell-fish.
j;jLtff , atdaky More or most true. ^ Ju0^
^jJuliJt, The truest of speakers (an
epithet of God). See J jl^*
U j^t asdikd, True Mends. See (Ji*y^-
j\jj\ urdTf Being pertinacious, per-
sisting, [have patience.
j\AlA tsttbdr, Patience, toleration. To
JJxidl tstahil, A stable, stall.
(^S^Lutfl istarldht An astrolabe.
(N.B.— These two words being from the Greek,
are sometimes written with ^ and
sometimes with ^).
Ji^\ utildh, A technical term, a
.1
C21)
k^\
tedmieal expranon. An idiom, phraie,
lam ; t eorred el^ant way of speaking or
into?; «wrtM-, jiataia.; correcting,
i^Ulk^l ittHdhdtf Idioms, modes of
cpeikio^ (pL of the aboTe). -
^^ ti'jib, Kore or most difficult.
iik^'^\i more difficult than that.
cr^tfimyftbiii/itewAr/tM^ This matter
is cb£ most di&ult of omr time.
'««^t u^Ad, Hearing, listening, lending
near.
JJ^ a^ioTf Last, least, smallest. The
Bmor tem in a logical proposition or syllo-
gism. i,lSj\suuJ ^^ JU01 4jl:uuJ bui-
thiaaffkar mim bmtattakj liy garden is smaller
than yours. See^^^Ai^.
1^1 Amf, Aaaph (reputed in the East
to lure been Solomon's yizier). The Grand
Vizier. A pisha haTing the rank of Grand
Taier.
^^\ isfar, TeUov, pale, livid*
fiA iifirdrj Yellowness.
^\nfydf Pore, just, upright, holy,
^^^^ good (men).
J«1 «/ (or oiU), A cause. 9r^^ J^^i
^ trs /crt., Canse and effect Boot, ori-
Kia, principle, foundation, element, source.
I'iBeaj^ race, Ime, birth, family, nobility,
boBoor. A ca|nU], principal sum, stock in
trade. An original, arcnet3qpe, prototype,
, exemplar,
^^ askn, Not at all, by no means,
Mver. ULi^ Lot, In no shape what-
erer. jUt Ijuu^ ^t« md laho num-
A^ a«2ni, He is absolutely useless.
It bai DO taste at all.
^Li u/dA, Correction, emendation, re-
pvitioo, restoratioii, Rectitude, probity,
^'^■^noation, amelioration, rectification.
^ viaky Better, best, more or most
cttellcxit, correct, fine. ^dJl J-*\, May
G^aoMad.
t^l 01^, Bald (man).
^^ <•&, Badical, original, essential,
Faciple.
t
uJl^Mtf^ OMt^/*, Forms, kinds. Yarious,
different. J-iV^ i-Jl:^^ Various
tribes. Juixsr^ (^Uitf^ Different sorts,
varieties. ^\ u-ili-^i^ t?^^ s^*^^
a2a^t /t(;/a^ min aththamy I have all the ar-
tides which are imported from Damascus.
See u-OIm^.
i^U^Vamdm, Idols, statues. See Jti^.
(jL:\ye\ aswdt, Yoices, sounds, clamours,
See (JL^ya,
i^\yfi\ aswdf, Fleeces, wools. See t^j^.
Syria and Mesopotamia supply an immense
quantity of wool, which is sent to Liverpool
and Marseilles.
J^t u8Hl, Causes, roots, origins. A
mode, manner, method, rule. J^Df
iujifl, The four roots, viz., master-
wort, parsley, capers, and fennel. H-^yS*
J^H^, A syrup of roots, fjj/^^ Jy^)
Usui tDafuru^t Causes and effects.
j\i»a\ oi'hdr, Brothers-in-law, sons-in-
law. See^fitf.
J^^ Mi/, Hooted, radical. Noble. J^t
iJ\J\, Sound in judgment.
i»\^\idd/at, Addition, junction, adjunct
Attribute. Epithet.
<iUl addfl, Additional.
^\^\ adaU^ Bibs, sides, parts. See ^Jlp.
iS^sf^\ udhakat, A ridiculous thing, a
jest, a joke.
j\j^\ adddd, Contraries, opposites, op-
ponents, antagonists. See iXi.
j\^\ adrdr (pi.) Hurts, harms, injuries,
damages. See^^.
Aj^\ idrdm, Inflaming, burning. Being
kindled, set on fire. To light (the fire).
(^\J^] ittirdb (from C;-y^)» Agitation,
perturbation, confusion, commotion, palpita-
tion, fluctuation,, wayering, vexation, trouble,
torment, pain, chagrin, anguish, grief, violent
emotion, sorrow, simering, anxiety, distraction,
perplexity. [N.B. — ^When the letter j^
is followed by the letter 1?, it has the
pronunciation of <, and not of d.^
ILI
(28)
>^
^Ja^\ Mirdr, Yiolitiioe, oonstndnt, ne-
ceasity, oompolrion, foro^ Exlz^me muerr,
despair. Compelling. Being foroea.
l^yaJl ittuHran, From neoessity,
l»7 force.
\^\mJ] ad^f (pi.), Double as m«ch
more, doable the qoantity. li/f^pf^ Doabling,
adding a doaUeqoantitjr, t>r increaaing from
one to three. Weakening, rendering infirm.
ita.AA.ila^^a^, More or moat weak. U.M10I
i^ljksfly The moat weak or humUe of
servanta. See s^susui^
^\ adatt, Misleading, leading into
error. Most erroneous. See JU.
^\aild^eLnd^\adlu^, Bibs. Sides
(of anything). See ^Iup. [exvor.
Jli^l iHdl, To induce. Seduction into
J^^\ ukndr, Goncecding in one's mind
or heart [ing, being carried off.
JIje^^^I idmihlal, Vanishing, disappear-
j\^a^\ iiith&d, Oppressing, treating with
injnstiee and cruelty.
cJIm^! adydff and 1^^ ^^y^ft (s^uests,
strangers, foreignera* . See u- 0^*0.
^^\itd^f Obedience, submission, sub-
jection, resignation. ^.^..^sf-ljlt ^
\Lflyi£.^\ CAn\ r. mm al wdjih ^mla-
yik ittatat mawlak. It is your duty to be
obedient to year lord.
Xiltl 4Msai, Being able, powerftil.
i\^\ itdlatf Prolonging, extending, ex-
tension. f!i^\ 2yie\ j^sa ^udam
italat tdkaldm, Precision in speaking.
Think not that I hare forgotten yonr sacred
engagements towaidi me, notwithstanding the
leiu^ of your alienation! 0 my Lord, beaind
and propitioas towards me ! Perhaps, and
may I kiss yov beaatiAil and charmiag month
and cheeks. I take God to witness, that I
will nerer relinquish yoo, though you ihoiild
transgress the boondi of lore.
\J^\ MiMd, Physicians. JLL^^^Mjj^
U jJj ha%d mnhar al aUMdfi haladnd.
This is the moat derer physician in oar town.
cWaM^, Natures, qualities. See^J^.
jLL^ aibdi. Plates, dishes, disks, orbs.
Yaalts, ooncarities.
j\jiffUtrdd, Ejecting, banishing. Beject-
ing. litirad, Regularity. Subjection to rule.
i^\Jb\ aird/, Sides, diBtricta,tracta,coa8t8,
shores, envirpns. See cJ;!^-
^j^^ ^i^fwA, Beafl
AlaLt it^dm, Feeding, giving Tictnals or
refreshment
^Ujio] at^mah, Meat, yictuals, viands.
ZmJu L^\ at^imah nafUah, Exquisite
meats.
\iic\ itffhd, Seducing, leading into error.
ULI it/d, Extinguishing, putting out a
fire, smothering.
JUI0I atfdl, Infrmts, children, boys.
it! ttld, Anointing, stainiqg, bedaub-
ing (the body with oil).
olWl itld^ Infonnation, intelligence.
^ioUttUd^, Ascending,riaing (theaun).
j^^\ itldl, Setting at liberty, releasing,
dismissing, sending away. LoMing, relaxing.
u^^' ^ v/^ cr* J^ W/l^M!;^
Xamar ei-Zaman had become Sultan oyer
them, he abaUsbed the oustom-taxes, set at
libeity those who- were in prison, and con-
daoted himself in a praiseworthy manner
towards the people. ,Ji^^^ l^*
^ala littak^ Absolutely, properly, aniTerrally.
^jj^\ atla$, Satin.
cULI itmd^f Exciting to cupidity, caus-
ing to long for possession.
^L^iLt iimlndn. Best, tranquility, re-
pose, content, quiet, security, peace.
^le^ ^Ix^alg^ Peace of mind*
c^LLlii^fid^, Sublimity of style. Speak-
ing with sublimity, loftily, haughtily.
j^j^\ atwdr. Actions, motions.
ijjb\ atwal, Longeri longest. See J^jW.
,\
(23)
\
\^\ ai'Ur (pL}y Clear, pure, ohasie,
nnsollied, clean. See ^U? .
(^Ltl 4^, Odonn, nngnenta, aro-
matie oiotmentB. See C'%*Vi.
• ••
u^l«%d^, Better, best, more or most
and, fiign&t» ddkaie, pleennt^ deUghtfoL
^UeJI, The tvo dellgbts, Ceres and
TeDs. ^tU, How deligbtfal !
^Ibl Ad/)r, Naila» cUws, hoofs.
uip\ an/, More or most elegant,
boatifiil, dean, neat. See (^jfe.
;U?I «/!ir, Nails, daws, hoofs.
Jff^ft^fsi, More or most nnjost. See JU?.
j\^\ hkar, Demonstration, proof, testi-
w»f,cndeiie^ Berealing.diKOTeriiiff. Pra-
tedm^, fein^ng, making an ontwara show,
awdition, ^MHamnlatiim.
^\ sdar. Mora or most clear, bright,
erident ^^m4ii1J\ ^^jio\f Brighter
•>U1 a^jim. Barbarians (t. #. those
' vbo eanofOt apeak Arabic, or speak inoorrectly ;
^ none partienlarlj applied to the Penians).
Sta^cn^ fivrngnen.
<-r^\s\ a^jfh, Mirades, prodigies,
porteotBt wondeta, atrange things.
'•>lc1 »^<SM, Betnming. Bepetition,
I'KiMMn, nying or doing anything otbt
sgain- Berinngy renewing, reafing again.
j-^lfi) tf^aift, Enemies, foes.
J^UI sUstm (pL), Gbeat, ohie( prinoi-
paL SeeJ^.
JU a^dft (pL), Most high, exalted,
^Ift^ t^iliua (or h\s\ i^naf), Assist-
aaoe, halp, aid, favour, snocoor. Aj\c]
^1 s^djM^ o&A, May God assist,
^«r or proiper liini.
oksl a^ (pi. of a^ ^aidbah),
Tbttholds. ^^UjJl jU-jJ lj\ Uj
^ttm, m ill kiadBM% has fsToond me, and
conducted me to the threehold of my beloTcd,
1 beheld Bodoor in the bed by mr side ; and
by her tiin the moon of my &rtnne vaa
brightened.
jtLcl i^k, Setting at liberty, bestow-
ing freedom, giving leaye.
j\^\ i^tbdr. Esteem, honour, reverence,
Teneration, respect To take in consideration,
to hold in estimation. i\jAiii\ u^Ub
^jicJo ^J ^1 ^^^ j^j, 0 thou
who lookeSb upon poverty as it were a disgrace,
wilt thon not oe admonished? The di^raoe
of wealth is greater. If thou takest it into
consideration, thon wilt perceiTe that poverty
haa an immense advantage and superiority
over wealth — as thou disooeyest God to be-
come rich, whilst thou dost never disobey Ood
(sin against Ood) to become poor!
iLiXc!l1 <.*aJ(j, With eyes of esteem,
respectfully. ^j*c ^ kA^i fJ^^J^ ^ »XJ^
j\iSxi\f hand arraffd aakat m*n ^ayitnU
ifjiiar, This manhas lost the public eatimation.
Jljc^^ i^iiddl, Equity, justice, recti-
tude. Moderation, temperature, equality, equi-
librium, mediocrity. JLaa^JIooaSI
2rJu^«4». ali^iddl mankabah hamldah,
Moderation is an ezoellent quality.
JJJljjLfJ\ fj\jss], (Equality of
day and night), the equinox. -
^Ijcxl i^isdr, An excuse, apology.
fjo\j:^\ i^tirddf Opposition, obstacle,
resistance. To oppose, traverse, prevent, to
object. clOj^b ^ JjJ H, la kubaJa
. n a ifjiradikat I cannot admit your objection
or your opposition. [objections.
(Cj\0^\j:x\ i^irdudt (pL), Oppositions.
uJ\ji^\ i^iirdf, Confession, acknow-
ledgment. To confess. [to retire.
Jfjifl i^tkdl, Abdication. To abdicate,
uJUfxf i^tudf, Oppression, tyranny. To
oppress, to tyrannise.
jl&xl i^^lcdd. Faith, confidence, belief.
JU:xf\ t^ikdl, Seizing, binding, im-
prisoning. Being bound.
J^
\
(24)
>
\
j)lifil i^tldl, Being weak, sick. Seek-
ing for a pretext.
oUifl i^imdd, Faith, confidence. Being
baptized. To place confidence. IjUjj'.I,
Cpnfidently. [attention.
li::xt i^ind, Taking pains, paying great
Juvft i^iydd, Being accustomed to
anything. Returning. Bepetition.
c-^Ls^\ i^dh, Wondering. Causing
surprise, filling with admiration. Pleasing,
giving pleasure. <Uui3 l^^^I, He
pleased himself, or was pleased with himself.
ij\ji *-ib^lU, How high he is in his
own opinion !
J 1^1 i^dlf Hastening, stimulating,
impelling, urging, instigating. Accelerating,
bringing to maturity, ripening.
^^.fis^l u^Hlahf A miracle, prodigy,
wonderful thing.
\tXc\ a^dd, Enemies. See j Ac.
Olj^l a^ddd, Numbers. I^d, To
prepare. CXL^- ^joxj J Jl J \3\
jAcHj uiojj JL^h j^\ If I fail
to render thee due thanks, tell me for whom I
have prepared my verse and prose P Thou hast
OTerloaded me with unsolicited favours, be-
stowed without excuse or delay on thy part.
See JJl£.
A\se'\ t^tn, Annihilating, ruining, de-
stroying, impoverishing.
JjLfil a^dal, More or most just. J^VdI
c-jIs-*S1, The most just of the com-
panions. See JjU.
o J^l a^\ Most dangerous^ inimical.
j\jk£\ a^zdr, Excuses. I^r, Making
apologies.
t^^j£\ A^rdh, "Wild wandering Arabs
(the more civilized Arabians who live in cities
beingcalled^^). The simplicity and
poverty of the lower class of the Bedouins
IS proportionate to that of their chiefs. All
the wealth of a family consists of movables,
of which the following is a pretty exact inven-
tory. A few male and female camels, some
goats and poultry ; a mare, and her bridle and
saddle ; a tent, a lance sixteen feet long, a
crooked sabre, a rusty musket, with a flint or
matchlock ; a pipe, a portable mill, a pot for
cooking, a leathern bucket, a small coffee-
roaster, a mat, some clothes, a mantle of black
wool, and a few glass or silver rings which
the women wear upon their legs and arms. If
none of these are wanting, their furniture is
complete. But what the poor man stands
most in need of is his mare ; for this animal
is his principal support. With her he makes
his excursions, or seeks plunder. The mare is
preferred to the horse as she does not neigh,
and yields milk, which satisfies the thirst and
hunger of her master. The Arabs have as
little industry as their wants are few; all
their arts consLst in weaving their tents and
in making mats and butter. Their com-
merce extends to exchanging camels, kids,
stallions, and milk for arms, clothing, a
little rice or com, and mone^r, which they
bury. All their literature consists in reciting
tales and histories, in the manner of the
Arabian Nights. They have a peculiar passion
for such stories. In the evening they seat
themselves on the ground, ranged in a circle
round a little fire of dung, their pipes in their
mouths, and their legs crossed. They sit awhile
in silent meditation, till, on a sudden, one of
them breaks forth with, Onee upon a timet or
There was in olden time, .... and continues
to recite a long tale. The Arabs have often
been reproach^ with the spirit of rapine, but
we must take into consideration that it only
takes place towards enemies. They from
policy preserve the appearance of Mahomet-
anism; but so relaxea is their observance
that they are generally considered as infidels.
They make no difficulty in saying that the
M.R. was not made for them. With small
presents the Arabs will be the best friends of
the Syro-Mesopotamian railway, which they
will consider as the work of God, and not that
of men.
c^Lef I^dh, Explanation, Marking
(Arabic) with vowel points. Analysis in gram-
mar.
^]j^\ a^dsh, Thrones. See ij»j^-
u^lr^^ tf^rSi, Honours, reputations.
I\rad, Aversion, detestation. Turning away
the face, declining, shunning, avoiding, flying
from, opposing. i<^ rC ^j^ An acci-
dental disease. [from the birth,
^yct tf^ro;. Lame by nature, cripple
Jfil tf^M, More or most powerful. Glo-
rious, excellent. Dear, esteemed. \c\
aUI, May God glorify. iLj^ ^\
Zc\
(25)
L5^
\
m
>t,
kd^ u«%i
^li^Jsi, Favour me with some words
of your kind conTersation, that you may show
me pity, so that my heart may he at rest ;
from the excess of my love for yon, and my
tzaiuport, I make light of that which makes
ae unhappy. May God protect a people
whose abooe was distant from me, and whose
secret I kept in the best place (of my heart] !
I^^l tfcm (pl.)> Excellent^ rare, incom-
parable, glorious, powerful, magnificent, dear,
precious, venerable, revered, holy. See
^Ir' a^zd^y A bachelor, maid, unmar-
ried person. See <--^l>
fy^ t^tdz, Hagnificence, honour, respect,
reTerencc, veneration, ^^zds (pi. of
J^js), Glorious, powerful.
oLlcl i^hab^ Producing green herbage,
grassy, luxuriant. See l-..JLc.
jLltl a^Kdr^ Tenth parts. See^^.
^llf^ a^ihash, Nests of birds that build
in treee. See ^Ju^.
L^y,a£\ atidhf Nerves, tendons, sinews.
See ^,^^r.. [See -^c.
jU2z] a^dr. Ages, times. Forenoons.
"^s^i a^dd (pi. oi yas- ^adoo), Members
(of the body, or of a council or assembly).
♦ail i^td, Giving, offering, bestowing,
presenting. Jj^^ ^^^ ^^^^Li
jlfj^^^ ^\ j^j j5^'/i Therefore
he eommanded and forhadc, and inrested and
<^>oaed, and gave and denied, till the end of
thedsy.
uilSacl a^df, Favours, afiections, at-
Oebmeati, benefits, bounties.
»^ a^zdm, Greater, greatest, superior,
supreme. JuJmIK^)! ^•kflyb^lt ^ jj^
^ oSinr Aim af^xam ul umur al^azifnah.
This oiiject is the greatest among the great
(^hjecCs.
^l^\a^h^ Offspring, children, grand-
c^ildicii, posterity, ancestors. Heels. The
^ days of a month. Marks, traces, footsteps,
w say vestiges left behind. IiJeah^ Leanng
<Apang b^ind.
j\sLc\ i^dr, Possessing many fields or
estates.
Jii:^ a<.kal, More or most wise or pru-
dent. ^JJ \ ^ JJic \ (J.^ \ ihnak a^kal
min ibnJJ Thy son is wiser than mine.
Is] 0^/d, Higher, most high, sublime,
excellent, superior, supreme.
^%c\ a^m, Flags, standards, ensigns.
I^lant, Information, signification, adrice, an-
nouncing, indicating, teaching, certifying,
giving notice,
JuU /Jie\ i^dm ndtnah, A proclamation.
jjlcU'^^n, Publishing, divulging, mak-
ing manifest. A manifesto, an advertisement
given to the public, ^i {J^^ VJ:.^^^uff^
CL^DU^^ wadaU i^ldn fx aljumdldt,
I inserted an advertisement in the newspapers.
Jlc! adanij More or most learned. Wise,
learned. JlcI ^LJJt, God knows best,
God is all-knowing.
jAct aM, Superior, supreme, more or
** most high.
m£.\ a^mm, Most common, universal,
concerning all. Li; ^ j^\ ^J^\ ^ JJ^
LjaHl, hazdah shy a^^am min hdkiya tul-
ashya. This thing is the most common among
the other things.
j^\ a^mdr^ Lives, life-times. I^mdr,
Cultivating, rendering habitable.
Jl^\ 0^md/, Works, actions. See J.^.
fX^\ a^dm. Paternal uncles. See ^.
ij^\ a^idat, Pillars, pilasters, columns,
props, supports, tent-poles.
^\ a^a*, Blind.
jlifi\ acnd^. Necks. See JmC.
^licl a^na». Bridles. I^n, Bridling,
checking with the reins.
^yU^tfdm, Teara. See ^U.
^t^l a^dn. Aids, assistances. As-
sistants, [hooked, curved.
—^1 a^af (fem. \>'^ i^wjo)t Crooked,
jfccl acfrar (fem. ^j^). One-eyed.
jLcl a^ddf Solemnities, festivals. See
i\
(26)
c\
i^uxi a^&n, Great men, grandees.
f»^-AJt^Lcl The senators, the chiefs
or elders of the people. CJl^l -^
C/.^l JU. ai:Ul ^\ Jo: ^UJ];^
The king, therefore, rejoiced "at this exceed-
ingly : he summoned the jadges and witneeses,
and the chief officers of the empire, and the
grandees, and wrote Eamar-ez-Zaman's con-
tract of marriage to his daughter, the Queen
Hayat-en-Nuius.
^^1 a^yun, Eyes. See ^^.
Ul dffhd, A great lord, nohleman, head,
chief master, commander; a country gentleman,
master (of servants) ; a superior senrant, officer
of a household ; the title of military or naval
officers, from the birur-bashi (major or ehef^dt^
bataillon) downwards ; the title of rarious
chief officers in the dvU serrice.
<uUf igh&8at, SaoGoor, relief.
^U^Ul ighdskatf Enraging, raising indig-
nation. (^LOlc ^...wiiLJ C/bt )QJui
la iuahJg abaka fa^aghdab ^ala^ka, Bo not
offend thy father, lest he be enraged against
thee.
ij^c] aghdni, Songs, musical odes.
" Aghant is the title of seyeral Eastern airs, par-
ticularly of a very large collection of Arabian
songs called KeUnr ul Aghaniy compiled in
the tenth century by Abulfaraj Aly, of Ispa-
han. He presented it to Seifuddowla, Sultan
of Syria, who ordered him in retum 1000
dinars (nearly £600) ; but the minister of this
prince, Ebn Ebad, considering the recompense
as too inadequate for the labour of fifty years,
which Abulfaraj had employed in the work,
gave him 1000 more. This ririer carried it
with him in all his expeditions; and it was
much in request among the great men of the
East, copies of it being generally sold at
Bagdad for 4000 drachms of silrer.
j\jfs\ ighbirar, Becoming dusty,
(^\z£] iffhtlrdb, Becoming foreign, tra-
Telling into foreign parts. ^UJt_jU
CJjJli ijx^ <^o\ ^3j L-^ ^jJ
^\^ ^^p\, The wise and learned
do not obtain honour and glory by staying at
home ; leave, therefore, thy native country and
go abroad.
f\j:J\ ighiir&r, Ambition. Being de-
ceiyed. Being foolish, circumspect.
* gj^] cu-osr ^cJua^j gjA*^ ^\, And
my father was ^eceiTod) imposed^upon by
his plansible pretences, and married me to
him, without ascertaining his condition ; and
when (my husband) had remoTod me from the
cover which formed my shelter at home, and
had carried me -away to a distance from my
people, and transferred me to his abode, and
brought me under his rule, made me his
slave. aLjULj *^^ *- ^ c: .^^ v-<.4*fw \
jd^l LDSar JUH yu>, Thou hadat
a good opinion of the days when they were
favourable to thee, and hadst no fear concern-
ing the evil that destiny was preparing. Thy
nights were peaceful, and thou wast deceived
by them ; when nights are the most bright it
is then that there cometh gloom.
JLuiil ightU&l, Ablution, washing of
the body.
^.^l.dai! i^Mudh, Seizing violently.
aIcxI i^A^tm^m, Being sad, mehmeboly.
i^Uxcl iifhtin&m, Getting spoil or plunder.
To avail one's self of the opportunity of doing
something.
l^LsLcl iff7Ulyd%f To be enraged, to be
offended. l^l^J ifX^J] ^\ ^ lsJIS J
c^l^t uX3 ^^^j^f She then said to
him, The Lady Bunia, when she read thy
letter, was enraged; but I coaxed her and
jested with her until I made her laugh, and
she was moved with pity for thee, and re-
turned thee an answer.
J 1^1 ightiydl, Assaulting, rushing
upon or attacking violently.
^dil aghdiyatf Heats, victuals.
\jL\ aghirrd, Such as are deceived with
nun hopes. Ighra, Impulse, instigation.
(jwlycl offhrdi {pi, of(jMjC ghurs\ Toung
shoots that are transplanted. Proeelytes (as
being newly planted in the churoh).
^jo\ji\ aghrdd (pi. of ^ji gharai), De-
signs, intentions, ends, vieira, msinhinationi.
\i\
(27)
i\
j\js\ ighrik, BrowniBgi plnogbg,
tnapag, ftroving^ into (wster).
^W\ t^itoM, BmicheB. See ^;*a^.
\miz\ ifhid, GoDtzaetiiig or knittixig the
L^\^\ifUslj MoTUdg to anger, anger-
^1 t^ia^ (pL of Us^ phatd), CoTer-
iigi^ fdk. [to forget or be negligent.
JUil ^kfiU, IS^^lectLog. CSauaiiig oue
/el ^1/tr, Mort foxgiviiig.
1:1 ^iUa, Being dear, of great price.
Bifl^ ta false. Boffiog (as a pot). Beeon-
Pfvnaldi^dear.
jlct €fUak^ Jjocka, ban, bolta* chains,
er sa J teenmgs for a door, ^hlak. Shutting,
loekiB^ or iwaipg • door.
Jlil ^Ual, Cliaiaa.
i.^\ ^Mh, Saperior, rapremCj
^raigv, itraigert. Move or most Tiolent.
wJ^I ^i2i|f, Uncueamoifled. tugs.
^i«^ibiil,Painti]ig. Paintinga, swoon-
•>U£t afhmdd (pL of Jbiii ghamd),
fiieatiis. 8eeJL4^.
o^Ui^ ft^Aaidi; Shutting the eyes (to
Ui or iaqwnpar eondnet).
li^l yiad, lEnTJching. [flocka.
1*1^1 Of ^adsi (pL of Mii ffhanam). Sheep,
M e^Aa^tf (pL of ^ yAfl«f), The
rieh. \jui\y L:x]t, The rich and poor.
Sf ' ^M|Nrfy ICnsic, melod J, modola-
twa, a ecrtna noncal mode. A long,
f^ jghtif Sednation, temptation, se-
te^, Icadii^ 9ttnf^ deluding, deaairing,
^v^praig, inspiring or aaggesting eriL
d[^\ •gJimM (pL of Ut), Lords,
c^ eommaadazB.
U«jlxa^t 4i§JiM9t^, Thenumthof Angnat.
w*w*t ifiu^ IGsfortnne^ calamities, losses,
^^i ifiJmt^ Biflbring odour.
^W (fisUdm (pL), The greatest (in
nak, priet, «te.).
^^ ifii or 9CM\ ifaiak, GiTing or
*Q^*ag pratftt eoiolaBeiit, or adrantage,
*[|»ak& isfiw, benefiting, doing good,
'^wiag. Teadyag, iafbnnmg, iurtnicting.
«-^l To teaeh and demonatrate.
if jUI i^ils^. Profit, adyantage.
(J.0UI a/ilit7. Learned, yirtnona, excel-
lent (men), pbiloeopberB, doetors.
^Ijl afd^^ Serpents, yipen.
jlil o/^diE;, Horizons, quarters of the
beaTens, of the world, or nnireiae.
iulUf ifOJuA^ GonTalesoence.
(JUl afaki^ Horizontal, unirersaL A
'^horiiontal watch or timepiece.
Ij^ af§i^ A calamity.
liil {^d, Besolving a question of law,
or a caee of oonBcience.
Jcs^ iJHtdhj A heginning, oommenoe-
ment, opening, aperture. Conqneit, reduction.
^Isciil ifiihdif Disquisition, investiga-
tion, examination, inquiry, information.
jUcu\ ^ikhSr^ Olorj, honour, graoe.
js^\ To gloiy in anything, to hoast
of: fj^^^3 J^U)^ jla^t. The most
gorioui of ^e most honoured and moet noble
mode of addram in writing to great men).
\^\ iftird, Calumny, &]sehood, imposi-
tion, unjuat imputation.
j\jX3\ iftirdk, Separation. j]/jll\ il W;,
In a atate of eeparation.
j\isj\ ifiikdr, Poverty, heing poor.
tone, thou pitiest me not, nor oomfortest me !
Behold, mj heart ia between aflUotiou and
peril ! Will not you have oompaarion on the
mighty whom lore has abased, and the wealthy
who is reduced to poverty P
JUdcil ifUidl, Disjunction, separation,
dissection, cutting ofi^ transplanting.
J^t afkidf The males of aoimabi stal-
lions. See f^^f
j^i^\ a/khrnn, Greater, greatest Most
* glorious, most magnificent. [captive.
\tXi\ ifdd, Exacting a ransom from a
<^\ji\ ajr&hf Delights, pleasures, jojrs.
Bee r^.
Aj\ afrdkh, Toung birds. See ^.
J\ji\ afrdd, Individuals, singular num-
bers, single ones. See Jy.
Jit
(28)
\
j\j3\ ifrdt, Separating, disfinguisliiiig,
withdrawing, sequestering.
(jm\j3\ afrds, Horses, mares. See j^/j/.
\s\j3\ tfrdt, Excess, superfluity,
^j3\ifrdffh, Casting in a mould. Putting
into order, shape, or form.
i^y\ Afranf, The Franks, French ; the
Cnunders of all nations; the Christians in
Palestine, and other places in the East ; and
in general all Europeans. JL i^lv^
ffy^^^ sdru Ha hildd alifranj\ They
went to Europe (lit. the country of the Franks).
,^^1 Afrikif An African* <^y^
"AfrtkJpah, Africa.
c\j3\ ijkd^, Frightening, terrifying, con-
founding, distracting, striking with fear.
jluJl tfsdd, Corrupting, vitiating, de*-
stroying, adulterating.
^Jdj^\ afsak, More or most wretched,
wicked, rascally, villanous . See ^J-sli .
^^^«i:yu*it afsantln. Wormwood.
\jjjj\ ifihd, Divulging, revealing, puhlish-
ing, disclosing.
j\jjxi\ afohdr, Speaking idly or ohscenely.
U-L^l ifsdhan, Clearly, distinctly.
^\ afsah (or j%Sli31^!), More or
most eloquent.
J^oil afdaly More or most excellent,
virtuous, distinguished, eminent, learned, nohle.
^jJ!ai\ aftoB, Flat^nosed.
^jt3\ if^i A large venomous serpent,
^a viper.
fjj\ ufk or ufukj The horizon.
kL^\ ifkf A lie, a falsehood.
pS\ ifkdr, Making poor, impoverishing.
^\ afkar, Poorer, the poorest.
j\ij\afkdr, Thoughts, opinions, counsels,
advices. Concerns, cares. Doubts, perplexities.
ci^liltyte^. Escaping, flyingaway. Setting
at liberty, aiding one to make his escape.
j^lil ifldSj Bankruptcy, being bankrupt.
j;l»1 afldhf The fissures or interstices
between folding doors. Iflak, Walakia.
clAil afldh (pi. of viXli fdak), The
heavens, heavraly bodies.
Ul ifnd, Annihilating, destroying.
^^jcil afandi (Greek), A gentleman of
* education, a man of polished manners, a master
of servants ; a patron, protector, benefactor ; a
prince of the blood. i%tX:il a/anduniy
my master, sir (Turkish used in Arabic).
1:jjcJ\ afandind, our master, our
sovereign. The Viceroy of Egypt with the
Egyptians. When the Arabs speak of the
Sultan, they say ^jUaLuH US^ tnaw-
land est-Sultan, Our gracious sovereign the
Sultan.
— \y\ afwdj (pi. of —y fafrfjf Crowds,
troops, herds, flocks. In crowds.
2f!yl afwdh, Mouths. See ^.
a\^\ afhdmy Intellects, understandings.
Ifhdniy Teaching.
JLil afydly Elephants. See J^.
^yJ^ afynn, Opium, poppy juice.
(^j^\ akdrih (pi. of c-y kartb), The
nearest kindred, kinsmen, relations. Affinities.
JLM akdllm (pi. of j^l akhm), Cli-
mates, countries, regions, kingdoms. Sec
Lt^\ ikdmatf Stopping, resting, staying,
standing still. Jjlj r)/^^ (*^^ ^^ f^
jx JLU\ jjJi ^j ^ui\ ^m
^^jll -«i, Se celebrated festivities,
gave sumptuous banquets, conferred rich robes
of honour upon all the princes and the generals
of the army, bestowed alms upon the poor and
needy, ana set at liberty all the prisoners ;
and the people rejoiced at the accession of the
King Kamar-ez-Zf
iaman.
^\i\ ahdnJm (pi. of Ay3\ aknum), Per-
sons, individuals, espedailly of the Trinity.
J^^Ul akdwil, Sayings, speeches, words,
opinions. Agreements, compacts, bargains.
J Lit ikbdl, Qood fortune, prosperity
felicity. To approach, to arrive, to be favour*
able. JUilUjjJl (^^y*^, ^ ^f^^H 'jj^U
J)b^)l\^ jjUaJI^i And they begai
z^\
(29)
u^
3\
praying to heaTen for the continuance of his
glorj and prosperityi and felicity and honour.
^1 jlil; ^iPUU. Uft^ vlfl J, Then
the E6«et flew away immediately, and Mey-
moooeh flew with him to guard him, and
after they had heen absent an hour they re-
tained oonveying the young lady. \ 0\
^^ ^Jbl jl , When fortune is liberal
to tfaee,*be thou liberal to all others, before
she escape from thee ; for liberality will not
uiiihilate thy wodth when she is favourable,
nor aTarice preserve it when she deserteth thee.
«1J1 Mdlan, Prosperously.
^^ akhah (comp. of .^^ habih), Mo|:e
Of most base, mean, infamous.
^J^\ Mibds, Borrowing (fire from
aaothcr). Deriring, acquiring, procuring, gain-
ing. Asking, begging. Acquiring knowledge.
j»UjI ikiiham. To braye. ^^ l5^^
^JjUll J>^\ AiU, iU/ i^U
The activity of youth, and the desire of
making money, led me on so £ar, that I was
koQgfat between Ferghana and Ghana. I
vas plunging in every abyss and hardship to
SthfcT the&iits (of my efforts), and I was
iiTing every danger and risk in order to ac*
eompljsh my aims.
tjcil iJdida, Imitation. To imitate.
}xi\ iktidar, Power, force, authority.
^<A-;^^.>>^1^^ A powerful, capable,
able man.'
J^^\ ikiirdn^ Association, union. Gopu-
laiua. Conjonction (of the planets).
f^>^\ iktUdm^ A diyision, partition.
IHyiding. ^Lj\jfj^\ (%Uci^, The divi-
m of the inheritance.
;l^\ iktUdry Abbreyiation, abridgment,
To abridge.
\,asj\ iktiddf The exigency of the thing,
time, or place.
Ljf^£j\%kUtaf, Pulling, plucking, gather-
ing, cropping (fruit, flowers, etc.). [steps.
U:i5l iktifay Following, walking in the
1^^ iktina, Acquiring, possessing, gain-
ing, receiving.
^U:J\ tktinds, Hunting, chasing.
-.IjjI akddh (pi. of -Jj kadah), Gups,
goblets.
aIjJI akddm (pi. of ^ji kadam), Peet.
Steps, paces. Ikdam, Care, solicitude, atten-
tion, endeavour, diligence, application, study,
effort.
1^ jil akdas, Pure, most pure ; holy.
AkXJil akdam (comp. of wJi kadtm),
Former, first, more ancient. [rated.
^\j3\ ikrdh, Ulcerating, becoming ulce-
j\3\ t'krdr, Affirmation, confirmation,
assurance, promise, aneement, establishment,
attestation. Confession, acknowledgment of
faults, telling the truth. [commodating.
fjo\y\ ikrddf Lending, giving credit, ac-
^\^\ akrdn (pi. of ^y karin), Peers,
pairs, (equals of the same age),
t-yl akrab, Nearer, nearest ^^^
Ji«ll akrah lil^kl, More probably.
ddrakf My house is nearer than yours.
^^ S-y ^ lS*H y^^^ akrah lafumml,
My hand is the nearest to my mouth (Arabic
proverb).
\)^\ akrahd (pi. of l^^ karlb), Kin-
dred, relations, friends, allies.
cy\ akra^ Bald (from disease). J-^
cylll jahaM akra^, The bald moun-
tain. Mount Cassias, which rises above An-
tioch to the height of about six thousand feet,
and terminates in a sharp peak. Its lower
part is cultivated, but towards the top it is
grey, and bare of trees ; from whence it de-
rives its name akra^, bald.
aLJ\ aksam, Portions, parts, diyisions,
' classes. Oaths.
^^\ aha% Far off, more or most re-
mote. Longest. CubUll ^^j-^flSl, The
extremes, terms, boundaries ; the accomplish-
ment, completion, perfection, end.
i\
(80)
*-^
^^ai\ ahda\ Hore ormo8tJQdici(niB,acate,
penetarating. i\»aS\^^^\a]MVhid&ty
The moft intelligent, penetrating judge.
^moS) akdiyat, Judgments, deoreeB, pre-
destinations, fates, chances, accidents.
JiAi\ aktar (pi. of^iai katr), Tracks (of
the heayens). Districts (of country). Sides.
cUait atkd^, Sections, divisions. Herds
(of oxen), flocks (of sheep), as heing distinct
and separate bodies.
cUait iktd^, Catting, lopping. Assign-
ing lands on feudal or copyhold tenure (as a
pnnce to a subject).
^Uail akian, Cottons, ^y^ ^UdSl Ji^
J^^^aJ ^) J«^ hd aktdn Hiria tursiU
Ua Liverpool^ All the cotton of Syria is sent to
Li?eix>ool.
Oail akta^f Mote or most aonte.
o\mj\ ik^, Causing to sit, placing oA
a seat. Cl^^«ii.J»iu» ^ jL^ Ji^l^
L:j/i\j\ ^yJ • ^^l^^ J uJ Jjl
« j^jSj (jL..w«Jbf j\ Ujjiaj^ * dUi, She
hath hips, connected with a slender waist,
which oppresses both me and her : they make
me stand up when I think upon them, and
weigh her down when she would rise.
Jjij\ ikfar (pi. of ^ kafr), The heing
ruined, desolate, desert (house or country).
^USl akfUs (pi. of ^^^ kafat), Cages,
gratings.
JU5! ikfdl, Locks.
Jjf akaU, Less, least. (KSUJ^JSl
akaUtifV mamalik. The least of the kingdoms,
or pronnoes.
cStif ikld^, Eradicating, extirpating, poll-
ing up by the roots. Akla^ Castles ; forts.
^iSt akidm (pi. of Ji kalam), Pens.
l»Jjt iktlm, A district, clime, region.
j\aj\ ahmdr (pi. of ^^ kamar), Moons
(from the third day to the twenty-sixth ; the
two first and two last days being called
cUil ikmd^, Subduing, or commanding
one's self.
ijLAj\ ahmUhat (pi. of /ilUi), Eobes,
cloths, or fttuffs of silks.
l,d2Ai\ akmiiat (pi. of ^^^du^i). Shirts.
^irviA^ Tr^J 4'^ L/^ W^J
She was clad in a shirt of rery fine and delicate
Venetian stuff, with two borders of gold em-
broidered in the most admirable manner, bear-
ing the following rerses worked upon the ex-
tremity of each sleeve.
^lJ\ Iknd^, Satisfying, rendering eon-
tent, to persuade. ^^jCAjt CSj^^s^
jauSbMa pakna^J, Your answer does not
persuade me.
A^it akn&m, A substance or jHduioiple, a
person of the Holy Trinity.
(JL)\^\ ahwat (pL of cjy kat), Yictuals,
aliments.
(jm\^\ ahwdt (pi. of ^^y iawt), Bows
for shooting arrows: also bows for separating
cotton. Arches. Gnbiis.
J\ji\ akuM (pi. of Jyi kmd). Words,
sayings, sentences, opinions.
i^ty t aihwdm (pi. of mj^ hmm)^ Peoples,
nations.
/•^l ahwamt More or most right.
^y 1 ahwa\ More or most strong, potent,
powerful, firm, robust, valiant* u:p-Jt
ant kawl wa tma akwa minka wa akht huwa
aiaktom mtnno. Ton are strong, I am stronger
than you, and my brother is the strongest of ua.
Uy 1 akmyd (pl.),Poweiful, firm. Strong,
potent^ robust.
jLjI akffddy Fetters, chains, straps, belts,
or ligaments of any thing. Rules, regula-
tions, compacts, bargains, articles of agreement.
j\^\ akdhar, The rich, powerful, gran-
dees, nobles.
Aj\^\ ak&rim (pL), The most noble,
grandees.
ifjJ^\ ak&Hrahf The Cosroes, kings of
Persia, a family surname or titte, like the
Cffisars, the Ptolemies, the Pharaohs, etc.
J^\ akdm, Hills, heights, rising grounds,
heaps of stones or earth.
j\J\ ahbad (pi. of Ju^), Livers, hearts.
jS\ akbdr, Greater, greatest, most powers
^
(31)
J^
M. Sopreme. jS\ ddl\, Gh)d ia most
powerfsL
(Jls^ aiM/(pl. of uJ::;^), Shoulders.
JlflCbt iktikdlf Anointiog or mbbing the
fijM vidi ft eollyrinm or eye-«alTe.
v^L:;^ HUiidby Gain, acquisition. Uii
uicf t^ J And when he had thus made
aM fomt tiie taste of rest, and had left mj
kooKcteaner tiianthepalm of my hand (empty).
I Bud to him : Eeserre most be put aside
vfaen dittren is come, as perfnmes are laid
inde when the rejoidngs of a marriam are
ended; lo bestir thyself to make gain by thy
vt, and try to gather the fmit of uy skill.
'i:^ OtiflL^ Being sufficient, enough;
conftntment.
ic^ iktinAky Striving to understand a
thiB^ thoroughly.
ji^$kury Moreormofltnumerous, copious,
pUBtifaL More, many, frequent, the most or
greatest part. For the most part, in geheral.
Some, many, certain (men).
4j^t ahariyaif Por the most part, most
gOMfally. Plurality, generality.
^.^^1 Mar (pi. oij^ kadar), Troubles,
difficolties.
^^d^ ilsdft. Detecting a lie, compelling
one to he, proTing one to be a liar.
^^ drtf , Hiring, letting.
^^^ ikrdh, Afflicting, troubling, vex-
iaf f distresnng.
^'/^ thud, The Curds, a people inhabit-
iar part of Chaldaea, Assyria, Mesopotamia,
MO the Xorth of Syria. They are the same
Cvdi vho are mentioned by Xenophon under
As deoKMiunation of Card-nchi, and who
mmd the retreat of the Ten Thousand.
^ the camel-driTen are Cnrds. Their bnsi-
■(■ is to transport goods from Aleppo to
Akxndretta, and vie$ versa. They hare their
«vn bagiufe, which ia dirided into three
™eti. Tney will be Tery useful to the
^Tt^licwpotuttian Railway.
l*/> Ante, Honour, respect, veneration,
nrovDMy obaerration, civility. vJ/j
^^^ mmf fa akr mak, Visit me,
that I may receive thee with civility.
\^\^\ thrdman, For the love, for the
sake. (^^^ \y\ji\ HI im^jJMi J lam
yathrdb illu ikraman likkatirlj He did not
drink, but to please me, for my sake, for my love.
i^\^\ ihrdmnfeh, A present in cash
given to one of the Gtoyemmenf s serrants.
if\^\ ikrdh, Aversion, horror, abomina-
tion, disgust, abhorrence. Hatred.
^i\jS\ ^Ji-fi ^' ikrdhm, With aver-
sion, unwillingly. With constraint.
A^\ akram, More noble, great, or be-
nign ; greatest, supreme.
iUj^l ukrHmaff Honour, glory, nobility,
nundeur, generosity, liberality, benignity,
beneficence, clemency, grace, goodness.
jLm^I ikidd, BeingduU, languid (market).
^\ akiah, Weak, powerless in the
iiands and feet, lame, unable to moTe fh>m a
place. [stone. Essence.
^;MM^1 iktWy Au clizir, the philosopher's
J$\ akU, Eating, devouring, corroding,
consuming, (^jj^jji\. Eating and
drinking. ^JUm» ^i^j0^\ ^^ \a^j\^^
They grew up to the age of seventeen years,
alwajrs in each other's company; eating and
drinking together, and never separated one
fh)m another.
JJ^\ iklil, A crown, diadem, chaplet,
wreath, garland. CS^j^\^\ ihHt^V
mmlikf The royal crown.
JU^l tkmdl, Perfection, completion, per-
formance, fulfilling, accomplishing.
aU^I akmdm, The cups, follicles, or out-
ward leaves of young unblown flowers. Sleeves.
Ju^l akamat, A hill, a heap of stones,
rising ground.
J^\ akmal, More or most complete.
v^L^t akndf, Parts, sides, environs,
quarters, tracks. Shares.
J/f akwdkh (pi. of ^/ kukh). Cot-
tages (those especially which are made of reeds,
imd hwro no windows).
n
(32 J
^\
\\^\ akwdz (pL of Jj^ kilz)y Gups, gob-
letB, tankards.
J^l a*a/ (or J 1^1 aifeitdJ), Gluttonous.
Toraciotts, deyoariDg, consuming, corroding.
^jJ^^ dkyaa (pi. of ^/m^ ^im), Purses.
JL^l okyQl (pi. of Jm^ Atf^/)) Measures
(of grain, etc).
Ju^l akid, Certain, positive, true. \sib
1 J^ Ju^K^f ha%& al khahar aJAdjid-
dan, This news is positive, quite true.
Jm^I akilf An eater. One who has a
great natural appetite, and who deyours every
thing.
Jl al, The Arabio article answering to
the. When this article is preceded by the pre-
position J (/•', for, to, etc.), the letter
Alef IB suppressed, and the two letters
J are joined, as, v.^jl:d! HI tddih,
For punishment; and the word ^\
AUah, Grod, in that case becomes ^
K Hah, For Ood, for God's sake, or to God.
J I dl, Of&pring, posterity, progeny,
descendants, family, house, race, dynasty.
^Ulfiji, The posterity of Osman,
the first king of the Turks, the royal family of
Constantinople.
V\ illd, Unless, except, besides, otherwise,
unless that HL wa Hid, Tet, never-
theless, otherwise, if not. \^^^(ji^\
WLtf hcXuiS JuUl 4^1, Mh ihafah Id
yakun ilia ft astaf^at assSbi^at wbahan^ It is
not twilight until seven o'clock in the morning.
The judge turned then towards him, and said
unto him : I haye paid attention to thy wife's
statement, now, therefore, produce a plea in
thy own defence, for otherwise I shall expose
thy duplicity, and order thy imprisonment.
I^il dldt. Instruments, utensils, appa-
ratus, tools, arms, harness. ^Uu^Jl 1^^
iM
LLkl\^ ^^Jt) jjl J\j|^
gj^j^ _)1 iJL:^ JisjJ I He filled the
seven palaces with every kind of magnificent
furniture of silk, and vessels of gold and
silver, and utensils of every kind and variety
that kings could require, and commanded his
daughter to reside in each palace for a certain
space of time in the year, and then to remove
to another of them.
uJiT d^/(pl. of uJl\ alf). Thousands.
aII dldm. Griefs, pains, misfortunes.
Sicknesses. Passion of Christ.
^tfJl aldmdn, Grace, favour, mercy,
quarter. [now-a-days.
^t aldn, Now, presently, at this time,
^ I ildh, A god, a Pagan deity ; (Omni-
potence being expressed by ^\ ailahu,
contracted from ^f J1, the radical \
coalescing with the article, except when you
say (^UUl ilaM nas, The God of
men).
i^\ ilahat, A goddess.
^\ ilahl, Divine. i^\ dahiyyat,
" Divineness, divinity, Godhead.
^ji\ aldy, s.t. used in Arabic, A regiment
"of regular troops.
c^U\ Mdh (pi. of ^ M), The under-
standing, judgment, genius.
^t albattah, Certainly, necessarily, in
every manner, altogether, upon the whole.
^LumJI alhuat (pi. of (jmU), Cloths, vest-
ments, garments. ^^U^y^Jt, Rich
dresses.
<U| dht. An instrument, utensil, tool,
apparatus, harness. JujIisIIiD^ alat^
il'tandsul. The organ of generation.
^\ \^^\ JX^ ^jSl\ ^^
And as to the couch upon which was tho
damsel, it had steps, and upon the steps ^verc
two slaves, one of them white and the other
black, and in the hand of one of them was a
weapon of steel, and in the hand of the other
a jewelled sword, that blinded the eyes.
(jmUJI iltibds, Being obscure, intricate,
I t */\ \\ \\ 1 *( \( doubtful. Confusion, intricacy, doubt. AVear-
^]/^^^ C5y*4Jl ^1 — \ia^w« 4^3 ^^ I ing an appearance calculated to create doabt.
iZ^\
(33)
dii\
i*b!l iUuam, A kiss. Eissing.
l&ll Utifd, Flyiog for refage (to a man
or pboe]. Seeking an asylum. [a beard.
\^\ iUAd, Beooming bearded, getting
jUut Uiihdi, Being joined, adhering.
JoiDiog one's self, or becoming joined to. Ad-
haum.
l*Uut UUhdm (a wonnd), Being filled
Bp with fkah^ doains np, bealing. (A baUle),
gnwinghot, fierce, desperate, bloody.
J^JcJIiT^Mds, Tasting, savooring, relish-
ing.
I*bl( HiigdMf Taking npon one's self,
thMTpng one's self with. Hire, rent. Lease.
Takmg the public rerennes on farm.
oU:JI tUifii, Turning one's face to-
vink Ti^ng notice of persons or things.
Showing attention to persons. Resnect, esteem,
courtesy, rererenoe, Teneration, honour, be-
aetolenee, ^ reeeiTing politely, cherishing.
^ IjU:;!) 11 Jb J lam yahm tUa ilti-
fotanll^ He did not rise but out of respect
forme.
^\ iUikd, An interview, meeting, con-
Tenation, audience, encounter, mingling to-
gether, jii JLLs j>--uJ\ cr*j^ ^
«^1 ^j^ fc^l^Li 1 J^' d-XlJl \j\
^ f,^\ CLylC \o\jy^\ t^li
j^\ ^^ UJJl ^^>J1 ^1 ^^^
We vere jeolooa eren of the sephyr which
psamd over yon ; hut when the dime decree
u uttered, the eye becomes blind ! What re-
amree has the archer, when, in meeting the
cfienj, he desireth to discharge the arrow, but
fiidedt his bow-string broken P and when ad-
veraties are multipU«i upon man, where shall
be find icAige from fate and from destiny ?
^^\ mik&t, Collecting or gathering.
l^^\ iUimds, Praying, supplicating,
pe&tioaiBg.
y;1 Qtiwd, Complication, involution.
V^«fl\ iUihdh, Inflammation, burning.
A fire boniing fiercely.
^^ tUatl (relat. fem. pron.), Who,
▼Uch, that. \fjjxJit\ ^\ JccUl a$8'
^ tlUR msk imytuha, "&» watch which I
madtnat alkUt takin ana ftha, The town in
which I am living. d^^J lc^' j'**''
IfJI addar allatl tahdbtu ihyhd, The
house to which I went . ^\ ij^\
\fjkij alamlrfU allatl rmar tuh&, The
princess whom I saw. l<^^ jy^^
^\^\ tjjb If^ «j:.^/l11, The old
woman from whom I bought this book.
f\s\ ilfdm, Bridling.
JUcsIl aljimat (pi. of /»VJ), Bridles, reins.
j^\ djahr. Algebra. j»ji\ s^^Aju Jjb
hal talplam ta aijabr, Have you learnt
Algebra P
^^^1 ilehl, An ambassador, plenipoten-
tiary, euToy. Legate. [urgency.
Aa^\ ilhdhf Importunity, solicitation,
j\^\tlhdd, Impiety, irreligion, infidelity,
heresy. [to sum up slL
J^tfl^t ilhdatl, Upon the whole, in fine,
jl«)*» Hhdk, Addition, joining, coupling.
JlJl alhdl, Now, at present. ii\J\
Jfijb, Now, this being the case; things,
being thus situated. [gether.
a\jJ\ Uhdm, Consolidating, joining to-
^\a^\ alhdn (pi. of ^^), Notes in music,
sounds, modulations, notes.
^lai\ alhakhf In reality, truly, certainly,
surely, the truth is, in fact.
»xl\ ahn, Sweeter, more delightful.
i^iX!! alatl (the relative maso. pronoun).
Who, which, that. V ^ii^ jJ^^ a/-
toalad dla%l jaa^ The boy who came.
ijjoj^d^, Whom I saw. See ^1.
^UJl iltdhy Joining, cementing, gluing.
a|jJ\ Utdm^ Necessitating, compelling.
A^\ o/sam, More or most necessary.
^j*j1\ ahun (or ^LuJl), Tongues. Lan-
guages, dialects, idioms.
/•luJ\^«A'<^m, Syria, Damascus. Aram,
the son of Shem, having possessed himself of
Syria, gave it the name of Aram. The appel-
lation of £s-Sham, which is giyen to both the
country and its capital by the natives, is sup-
posed oy them to oe derived from 'the name of
the son of Noah. The Hebrew name of the
3
ujt
(34)
J»»
c% wai Damasck, or Demesk, by which it if
itiU known, and from which ii fonned Damu-
cus. It originally had its own kings. Being
taken by Datid, and subsequently by Jeroboam,
King or Israel, it afterwards became subject to
the Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Cfreeks,
and Romans. It is now the capital of tiiat
part of Syria called the Pashalic of Damascus.
See Jmuu^J. (*^|/ hareihihdm, Syria,
or the country of Shem. Syria is an abridg-
ment of Assyria. This country has under-
gone many revolutions : within two thousand
nre hundred yean, we may reckon ten inva-
sions. First, the Assyrians of liineyeh, who,
passing the Euphrates, about the year 760
B.C., within sixty yean obtained possession of
almost the whole country lying to the north
of JudsBa. Next, the Chalamuis of Babylon,
who, haying destroyed the power on which
they were dependent, succeeded, as by heredi-
tary right, to its possession, and completed the
conquest of Syna, except only the Ide of
Tyre. The Chaldnans were fouowed by the
Persians under Cyrus, and the Persians, by
the Macedonians under Alexander. It then
seemed as if Syria was about to cease beiuf a
vassal to foreign powen, and to obtain a ms-
tinct and independent Government; but the
people who found in Uie SeleucidsB only
cruel despots, preferred the yoke of Pompey,
and Syria became a province of the Roman
Empire. Five centunes after it was annexed
to toe Empire of Constantinople. In 622 the
Arabs seized it. Since that period, torn to
pieces by the civil wan of the Fatimites and
the Ommiades, invaded by the Crusaden, re-
taken by the Mamlouks of Egypt, and ravaged
by Tamerlane, it has been taken by the
Ottomans. In the year 1832 it was occupied
by the army of Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt, but
Great Britain restored it to the Ottoman
Empire in the year 1840. This country will
be regenerated as soon as the Syro-Mesopo-
tamian Railway connects it with India and
Europe.
uJlDl altdf, Benefits, favours.
Ult ilghd, Abolishing! annulling.
jUll alghdz, Enigmas, riddles, mysteries,
unintelligible discounes.
SmJi\ alf, A thousand, xji uJit i^*^"^^
^ndl alf lira, I have £1000. U^CuJ
And Taj-el-Muluk thanked her, and ordered
his slave to give her a thousand pieces of gold,
read the letter, and wept violently.
S^Ull alfaty Words, vocables, terms.
ls^\ ulfat, Friendship, attachment, fa-
miliarity, companionship, intimacy.
fji^\ IfJaJ , We lived upon the earth
a happy Ufe, united in fellowship, and in abode
and home; but fortune, with its changea,
parted us from each other, and annulled our
friendship, and now the grave-clothes have
united us!
g\yi\ JSlfarOh, The river Euphrates. The
Government of His Imperial Majesty the
Sultan ore not only very willing to see the
projected railway from Constantinople to the
Persian Gulf become a reality, but aie dao
making roads from Alexandretta to Aleppo,
and from Aleppo to Berejik on the Eu-
phrates, which roads, during my stay at
Aleppo, last year, were proffressing moot
favourably. Besides this, the Turkish autho-
rities were tryine to colonize the banks of
the Euphrates. To this effect, they had built
barracks in many places, and especially
at Meskene, which is the natural port of
Aleppo for the navigation of the Euphrates.
' Many steamboats, during my stay at Aleppo,
came from Bagdad to Meskene, and brought
cargoes of Tombak, dates, and other goods ;
but the navigation was temporarily stopped in
the summer on account of the shaUownesa of
the river in some places. The steamen go
from Aleppo to Bagdad in six days, and from
Bagdad to Aleppo in about ten dajs. The
distance frx>m Aleppo to Beles on the Euphrates
is about fifty-two miles.
li)\ ilkd, Throwing, casting out of the
hand before one ; merely dropping a thiog,
without projecting it to a distance.
i^\£l\ alkdbf Titles of honour, appella-
tions, epithets, additions, surnames.
f^]/^\ AlkHrdn, Koran, or, with the
article Alcoran. Cj3l« ^\ Cj\^ i^\
•■^-^ J^ r^^ /^ <J cy.*.^^u^\j
(Jt«j Jjbl , I am a king, and the son of
a king. I read the Kuran according to the
seven traditions, and perused various works
under the tuition and auspices of different
learned professors of their suuject. I stu^ie^l
astrology, and the compositions of the poets, and
made myself so proficient in all the sciences
that I surpassed all my contemporaries I
^\
(35)
^'
1^1 Alhrak, The Gharaz Omano-
Tom of Ftinjr.
<111 AM, God : The God, by way of
eminaiee (bemg oompoimded of the article
Jl the, apd ^\, a God). lOJl w
o^^!l, In the name of Gh>d the
Stenttl, the Ererlastiiig throughout all Ages.
In the luuDe of God who begetteth not, and
vhovat not batten, and nnto whom there is
wot like. In the name of God, the Mighty
ttd PowezfoL In the name of the iJTing
God who dieth not. CXJI lU Jj jJ,
I bsve eondneted him to thee, and brought
him to thy presence, that thou mayest test the
na, and decide between
*' ^2m, Chief, troable, affliction, an-
^oi^ misery, distress, anxiety, care, solicitude,
sad&ea, Tsxation, agony, pain, disquietode.
OnUII tf/ndt, A diamond.
^^1 ilmd^. Shining, making a brilliant
m^etnnce.
^i\ aUpdh, Planks, boards, tables.
Sorfeoes. See -jl.
j^» alwdn. Colours, of varioas sorts
..v«
iuii!*!^ L^jJb, There
^ Bw 1 great haU, and four large, wide, and
^ ehamben, each fronting one another^
*««**ted with gold and silver, and with
▼arioas colours. See ^^.
^y^ W*/, Thousands. Alikf, Very
^"^itisr.
S*>1 ^Hia^Qi, The deity. Godhead.
T^ qnslity of being God, divinity.
^^ ^ A god, God. ^^USWI, The
G«l of worlds. ^lUui^^JlAin
< Uj uioUJu fc^y^ Uj tlijLl
(J/jL^, There is no deity but Thou!
How great is thy dignity ! And how mighty
is thy dominion ! SjA how excellent is thy
goTemmentS Thou hast bestowed favours
i^n him whom Thou chosest among tiiy
servants.
l^t Hh&hy Inflaming, kindling.
^l^\ tMdf», Inspiration, divine reve-
latioQ. ^^\ ^l|Jt and ^U^ A^^t
The inspiratfon of God.
l^\ alihat, The gods. Haihat, A goddess.
A &lse God, an idol. i^\y^\ i^\ The .
God of wine, Bacchus. ^^^m^IX^\ The
goddess of beauty, Venus. '
^\ tlahl, Divine. My God ! O God !
M
^t tlhiyat, The divinity, deity.
^\ %la\ To, until, even to> as far as.
j^Upl^l ^\, Until the end of time.
j^l^Jl, Till now, till this time, until
this hour. ^^1 ^Jl, Until that. ^\
Iju^li^^, Until this day. ^^^^\,
how much longer? until. iil\ L^U ^\
ih md shd aUahy To or until (the time)
which God wills, ad infinitum. ^\
ijs>\ ila aikhirihiy To the end, and
so forth, etc. Jjl' ^\ ila Idhd, To all
eternity. IfJI ^Ja^ Ax^ '^^/ ^^
When she drew near to him he rose to her,
standing upon his feet, and seated her by his
side ; and she took forth the paper and handed
it to him, saying, Read its contents^
^ji*J\ alaysa. Is it not? i^\j*^^
iX^-lj ^y£ i^y^ dlayaa tna^ »iwa*
ghurahun Aoahidy Have I not but one piastre
only? ^Uijji <Gl ^^^iUJt ^^ j^l,
Might he not have deceived himself P
L»fiJl aUf, A companion, comrade, inti-
mate friend, favourite, familiar, domestic
(36)
U\
^ ^* ^*
U-Li. I4) ^^y ^^\ aUUU«, 0 lion,
who hast decayed thyself by thy pride, thou
hast perished, and hast roused up my grief
for my beloved! Thou hast rendered me
solitary, I who was her eompanion, and made
the bowels of the earth to be her graye,
where she is pledged ! I say to Time, that has
afllicted Ae with her separation, God forbid
that thouBhouldst show me a friend in her
■tead (her successor) !
fji\ allm, Grieving, painful.
j^jJI afyanm, To-day. Jyd^ \j\ j,^\
afyaum ana nuuh^huly I am busy to-day.
A am, Whether? ot? jj^ J aIS jjj\
Azeidkatn a^ ^amrt Bid Zeid stand up or
J^|^JL4JtJ\viCj,OtoxDbI Otomb!
haye his charms perished, and has that brilliant
face changed P 0 tomb ! thou art neither a
garden nor a firmament: how then can the ftdl
moon and the sun be united in thee P
m\ umm, A mother. \^i^Cji^\ um
mak ghaniyahJidd<M^ Thy mother is Tery ridh.
Ul oma, le it not? c- jls^tliiJxci Ul
Uma a^ytuka Utib, Have I not given yon a
book ? * J^ ^ J»AJ1 Jyg^JJJ
jJUJI >,jJ j^jJl, The blear-eyed
escapes a pit into which the dear-sighted falls ;
and the ignorant is sayed by an exprenion
which causes the ruin of the shrewd sage.
The ^ood faithfdl finds difficulty in gaining
his daily bread, while the unbelieyer and the
impious haye plenty. What art or act can a
mortal contriye P Is such a atate of things
not the effect of the decrees of tiie Almighty P
j^^f\ umm^mir, The nickname of the
err? *>rV*^' J^ cr* ^j*^^^)
•^Ix (•!;-!-?• i/J^ Ui, We did
good to them, and they corresponded with the
reyerse ; and such, by my life, is the conduct
of the wicked. Thus he who acts kindly to
those who do not deserye it, is rewarded in the
same manner as the aider of Umm Amir (the
hysDna).
tfl ammd, Bat, however, notwithstand-
ing, neyertheless. Immia, But if, unless. ZmSj
Female slayes, maid-seryants.
iZj\^\ ummat, Mothers, roots (pi. of ^1
umm), '
f^\^\ amdsH, Eqnak, peers, nobles,
grandees, free men, eminent, conspicuous, dis-
tinguished men. [Ulustrious.
«X5>-U«1 amajidf More or most glorious,
^Ul amdrat, A sign, mark, signaL
Imiarat, A goyernment, a district under the
authority 01 a gpyemor. Dominion, power,
authority, soyereignty.
^U! am&Inn (pi. of ^IC« makdn).
Places, mansions, habitations.
JUi Gmdl, Desires, hopes. Signs,
signak. JU)1 i...^). (God) the
granter of desires. Jhsl\ J^j -r
j^lji^Jl Juu ^, Probably Fortune
will turn her rein, and bring happiness and
prosperity ; for Fortune is naturally change-
able : my desires may be crowned with success,
and my wants satisfied, and the most happy
eyents may follow and replace adyersity.
^tfl imdlah, A causing to incline.
aUi^ amdm, Before (in point of time and
place). Imam, A head, chief, leader.
^Ul im&mat, The ofiice of Imam.
^Ul am&nj Security, safety, peace,
tranquility, protection. ^USI, Quar-
ter I mercy!
ij\^\ amdnat, A deposit, trust. Security,
safety. Faith. Belief. ^^^^(J^^OJhb
*^Ls)1, 0 thou, heardest thoa not
.!
Vi^]^, Where are the kings and the
bdldatf tovns in the flvthP They haTe
quttsd tbt which tiiej hare Imilt and peopled,
od ii fte gnve tiiej are pled^ for tlieir
fHtaCJoH ; there, after deetmcbon, they have
nesflMictrid bones! Where are the troopi P
Tbeji^ikd not, nor profited! And where
iitbitwyeh^eoUeetod and hoarded P The
ton of the Lord of HeaTen soiprifled them —
BotfacrneliaBorrefiBge saTed ih«tt from death !
iy\ amt&k (pL of U m&), Waters.
j^\ wm9r (pL of y^ tfwr), Things,
ifiin^ actions. Acts, deeds, businesses,
iLft^-j^l (hod, beautifnl, elegant
tldogs. j^yui\jy9^, PaUic, or state
(89)
\i\
o'^t wmwuieU (pL of a\), Hothen.
Btt I ma not aarare when there alifhted
noif « the temunator of delighti ana the
Mpa»bor of eompaniona, the deaolator of
ibodtt,aad the laniger of inhabited manaiona,
^ deitrojer of the xretA and the amall, and
and tiie dildzen, and the mothera.
J'ftl mkHy Prolonging, giving a delay,
ddnia^, granting longer time. Expecting,
pQCQgHfflg.
j^l Kmnf, KatemaL Ummi, one who
'cm adthcr read nor write.
JU1 amjfal (pi. of J^ mil). Miles.
;rtl saifr, Prince, chief, leader, noble-
ua, lord, a governor, commander, or penwn
whomles over a number of people.^;^^
l/i1^ The anilr ul umra, prince of
fo»tu, a Tioeroy or goremor of a great pro-
vince. ^j^\j^\, The general of
i& tmj, ^j^yi\;t^^9 The com-
muder of the fidthfdl. ^^r^^\
^ Fnfcct, or diief of the pilgrima, one of
the BQrt honoQiable employments in the
WiitwBt of the SaltMH.
.^ dmlM, So let it be ! amen I
^-^1 amln, Secure, safe. A man who
may be truuBted ; honest, upright. A high ciril
fonctianaxy baring eharge of goremment pro-
perty, a superintendent. ^/W'^;;*-*'
mm-^'Olaff (from the Turkish ^^!t1
^j^ aiay amtfif ), A military ofloer
of the newnffolar artoy, ranking next to the
lientenant-colonel, who had charge of the
atorea and accoonta of the regiment ; the title
andrank is now abolished. ^Lo^l^j-*^'
amin-a-ttradna^ The (forma) anperintendent
of the Imperial dockyard at Constantiaople.
Jf &n. Time. Ji\ aldn, Now, at this
time. Ji^^y «»»« oldn, From this
time, henceforth. Ji\\jJt^\ Ua' h<ad'
Vtm, To thia moment, until thia hour, hitherto.
jb\a^\ jj0jB^ y And he has been with
me two yeara separated from hia country ; it
ia my desire, therafore, that we should prepare
for him merchandise, that he may depart with
satia&ctiou in hia hourt !
Ji an, That. t-^\ J\ JJj^ wrUf an
asM-ab, I wish to drink (Ut. I wish that I
shoulddrink). ^\^U'/a'fl», Until that.
^\ in, If (at any time), if so be. As
dlJ\U^^ If God pleases.
K^^\, in iaktub aktub, If thou wilt
write, I will write. \i!^ J^^ ^J^^',
If true and if false, whether true or £idse.
J^\ in Um, If not, unless, except.
^ anna and ^\ annahu, Since, because,
but that, that. Ka ^ CSJ^'i Id fhdkha
anna, There is no doubt but that. ^Jx
^ ^W anna, So that. J^ U anna or
ijl li annaha, Since, because that. ^^ L«
ma anna, As for as, whilst, until, so long as.
j^U^lJj;;^^ JmJtf, I wiU not
do that so long as the stars are in heaven.
\j\ and, 1 (the personal pronoun). Ind,
A Tase, um. \j\ innd. Indeed we,
truly we. . [and men.
)\j\ind9. Women. j/*3^ CL^U^jWomen
A
(40)
2-jl
Js«»-lit tmSjil (pL of ^}f;sf^), Goepds.
tUi <M4ra, May God Olnnunate, en-
lighten, make dear. ^\ s^-jo^j ^1j
*j^\^ ^juj^\ L^jlil ^f»j*L?^cr*
J^^ ttT^X^ ^^ 4Ki-±^J, And
if thoQ agatn nuke lue of inch worda, thoa
riuilt be punished on my part with the ntmost
■ereritr. Br him who created manlrind of
eongeaied blood, and gaTe light to the ami
and the moon ! if then repeat the popoeal
thoa hast made, I will aamredly (cnuaiy}
hang thee on the trunk of a tree !
^^\j\ AncLtuU^ Anatolia, Aria MiDor.
il\i\ indlatt Giving, bestowing. Causing
one to follow, to attain. ^^^ '^^-^W
jIjU^ ^jiJ\
S^^'j
I
u'^^^ 1)^5 J»> *ji U^JJij^k
♦;!«;. Jl* Ijjfc 4 dJiU-fljU • Lilt,
0 pretender to lore and affliction, and sleep-
lessness, and feelings of raptarons passion, and
anxiety! Dost thoa seek for a meeting, 0
deceiyed, from a moon? Does any mortal
attain his wish from the moon? I adTise
thee to abstain from thy desire : forbear then,
and beware, for thoa art exposed to peril !
/^\j\ andm, Ken, mankind.
J^Ut andmil, FingerSi tips of the
fingezB.
^U1 andniyat, Egotism.
LJi mbdf Commanicating intelligence.
!pLmJ\ imhisat, Oladness, cheerfulness,
joy, exaltation, recreation, jubilee, delight,
mirth. ^^lijJl ^yLtUi. ^^J^\^
^-
^^,ji' ^'^f^9 I passed by a tailor,
sitting in his shop. I saluted him, and he
letoned my aalntatiaii, and wdoomed me,
and rejoieed with me, asking me the reason of
my having left my own country.
CtUjit imh^di^ PiooeediDg, issoingfortli.
Sending, miasioD.
LjI amh^d (pi. of ^ nabl), Piopbets.
f^^\ mU, Thou, c-^ Jsrj i*i-^ '»
Mte n^ teyyift, Thou art a good man.
^\:j\ mtdj, Prodacing as a oonseqaance.
j*o infer, to draw an inference.
gLsj] Mibdh, Yigilance, circomspection,
oonsidexation; being upon one's guard.
JUj JUj5 JU cL^spry ^^
I then returned to my reason, and reooTered
from my heedUssness, and found that my
wealth nad passed away, and fny condition
had changed, and all that I had possessed had
gone.
c^lacOl iniiihdh, Election, selection,
choice, to elect, to select. ^ t^y^^
^_^U"^>/s jyiU y J diye in the ocean of
eloquence, where I select the best pearls, mnd
from the tree of speech I cull the ripe and
beautifdl fruit, while others gather the dry
wood.
clirJl in/«d^. Plucking out or off.
c-^LyCjf intiidhy Eolation, reference, al-
Uanoe, connexion, belonging, having regard
or respect to.
^lujJl intiihdr, Publishing, divulging.
•UkJl tfUizdr, Expectation, an anxious
wish to see any person or thing. jl^)l^
jU!\^^ Jl21»\, Mntttar ashaddumin an»
nor. Expectation is wone than fire (Arabic
proverb). |^Ua:j1 intindran, In expec-
tation, [larity. Arrangement.
i*U£j\ intisdmy Order, disposition, rega-
^\msj\ inii^sh, To be revived. tXiJ^
v/-'j J^^ ^J^3 LT^ *^^y^
r
-I
(41)
^jmi
A
UttBitTneimyfoiil had xetorned to me, and
my power of motion was renewed ; and I
b^gan to BedHate and to walk along the
shore of tlie kland.
^Ibjl Mfikky Swellingy becoming in-
Hated, bbvB 19. Being infUmed.
(Ifij^ tt^^, Being benefited, deriving
a profit « advanta^. Uaeftibieai, utiHtj,
pnn^ idfa&tige, gam.
JtfJl mtikal. Changing one's place of
nsdeaee. Ttaoaporting, carrying, tnmsferring,
eawita^f tnTellin^ from one place to
nottier. Dying, paasmg to the other world.
ittiiJl nUik&my Berenge^ vengeance,
«i)1 adum, Yon (maac. pinr.) Ui3l
' inteia, Ton two (dnal).
tcit mima. Being connected or having
a idadoe with. Growing out of.
IfJl Mka, The end, extremity, termi-
itttioii.' Being finished, terminated.
V-^ cr*5 J=^ ur* J^^ ^jLa^iii
♦^jLa^^l^ i:;W^'^> They acquired
v€^ both lawftd and forbidden; but it
r^eOed not &te when the appointed time of
deiih expired. They led troope in mnltitndee,
adetdleetedrichea; and they left their wealth
ad bmldinga and departed. ^=^t J1
^Upl, Until the end of time.
V'f'l ifdihAhf Bapine, depredation,
!p<nl, booty.
j^l wUhat, Searching, inqairing,
vat^iog fior, finding an opportonity, selling
Hie oppurtuity.
1^1 tMM*, A woman, female.
m
^<s^iV^, Helping, defending, assbting.
j*^ Mfds, The fulfilment (of a pro-
B«). To perform.
^laci m/is«, Impurities of all kinds.
V**3aH mjiuib. Inclination, attraction,
•tttOK&tt allnremient Being drawn or at-
fiidei
%^«riZii, To be obliterated. ^ i^lSlj
Jj
'^y
brW
And he
liTcd with hia two wires in enjoyment and
happineaa, and prosperi^, and cheerfUnees;
thus he remained for a long period of time ;
his anxieties and sorrows were obliterated.
jUflcrl injtmdd, Congelation, curdling.
J-^1 tnfil, The gospel. ^J^ inj^Hf
Erangelical, erangelist
jj^ inhiddr, To descend a river, or a
mountain, to go down. (JiJ^fS**^^
JUj AA ij^, So I rode on the
railway, and descended to the city of Elbasrah
with a party of merchants, and we traTeraed
the sea for many days and nights.
i^\jasr\ inhtrdff Declination (in astro-
nomy). Deflexion, inrersion, change. A dis*
ease, distemper, defect.
fjissr] inhHal, * Solution, unbinding.
Being loose, untied.
j\i>as^ inhrndTf Being surrounded,
bounded, restricted (in action, number, etc.),
monopoly.
IffUoflirt inhitdif Descending fronM>n high
LaH inhind, Inflexion, inclination,
bowing. [in the joints.
^lUrl inkhild^f A looseness or relaxation
^^\jjj\ indirds, Obliteration, erasing,
being defaced.
^IjJjl tndi/d^, Repulsion, removal.
Being repelled, carried off.
j\jj\ intdr, Exhortation, advice mixed
with threatenings, deterring, putting in fear.
^U^t inni^dj, Agitation, emotion, con-
cussion. To be agitated, to be troubled.
^\y} ij\Srj 4\jj3j -dy L^\,j\,Whm
the king heard these words his heart was
trouble^ and he feared for his kin^om, and
called out to the lords of his empire and his
ministers, chamberlains, and lieutenants.
\»jj\ fMUffi, Going into retirement. Be-
tirement.
^^\ iMf Mankind. JLJ\^ Sjii\ *X&\^
it
(42)
t/*
•A
jjj/L Ll«Jl ts-flsr ^ja^jltj, He
made ready his accoutrements and weapons,
and mounted, with his forces of the Jinn and
of mankind, upon the carnet, with the birds
flying oyer his head, and the wild beasts
beneath the carpet marching, is^
Jr^^J^ ^ILJ\ J>J ^ c^y \ J.
j«jy {j*»j\ ^A*^ **^vL«i He therefore
deposited his burden with the dooivkeeper,
in the entrance-passage, and, entering the
house with the page, he found it to be a
handsome mansion, presenting an appearance
of joy and majesty.
^«»UJl ans&b, Oenerationsy families,
lines, successors, progenies, parentages. Gene-
alogies.
^jLj\ imdn, Man. ^j-jJ'^^LjI, The
pupil of the eye. ic^\ib^jJu HI J«j J
iLuJ\, There remaineth not but a
^-
flitting breath, and an eye whose pupil is in-
animate. ^ There remaineth not a joint of
any of his limbs, but in it is a constant
disease. And his tears are flowing, and his
bowels burning; and yet he is silent His
enemies weep for him out of compassion.
Alas for him whom the exalting foe pitietii !
(JLwt insdnl, Hnman. XjLjI in-
am —
taniyatf Human nature, humanity. Courtesy,
civility, urbanity, politeness.
c-^mmJ1 ansctb, More or moat convenient,
'agreeable, conformable. [locked.
jI^XmJI nmdddf Being shuti cloeed,
^jg»*^\ nUf, A human being. 1^ u^JlU
Li Uujf ^ <JL^\*\^ JLi.1, 1 answered
her, I am a man. And who, she asked, has
brought thee to this place in which I haye
lived five-and-twenty years without ever seeing
a human being P
\JLi\ tnfhdf Beginning, creating, pro-
ducing. Oomposihg or reciting (verse). Ele-
gance of style. Form, style, oompo-
sition. ^\mj <dl\ UjI inshd alliihu
taf^ala% Ejaculations, implying, if it pleases
Ood, Qod willing, by the blessing of God, etc.
jluJ \ imhdd, To recite, recitation.
^^J^ jIuJI 9^^\9 hj^^f '^^ ^®
heard in that place the melodious sounds of
stringed instruments, with the lute among
them, and mirth-exciting voices, and varieties
of distinct recitations.
-.\^\ ifuhirdh, Joy, gladness, expan-
sion of the bosom with joy. (Jju^U
lliC^ l^bU vl^Jutf -^uIjUj (J>Jj1\
Lfi Af»i^U, 0 my mistress, thou
hast no need of these servants at the present
time, nor will thy heart be elated as long as
they are with us ; so dismiss them from us.
jIL£J1 ituhtkdk, Being divided, aplit,
deft, splitting.
j\^\ am&r (pi. of j0c\j ndasurjf Assist-
ants, defenders, auxiliaries, companions, con-
federates, warriors, protectors (applied par-
ticularly to the citizens of Medina who
assisted Mahomet when obliged to fly from
Mecca).
djj\^\ Amdriahf A numerouB and
powerM people, occupying a large territory
in Caramania and Syria. They are divided
into sevoral tribes or sects, all worshipping
the Kalif All as Ood*s incarnation. To nave
an idea of the religion of the Ansariah, which
is a mixture of BudoiBme^ Braminism, Juda-
ism, Christianism, and Mahometanism, see
Journal A§itUique tU Paria, 1648. Ijetters
addressed to Mohl by the Author.
uJluo;! iiMdff Equity, justice. cl^(3 i^mj
cli3 bLaJ\ fa^^ Mi/t^ insdfan lika,
He has done this to do you justice (as an act
of justice in your behalf, u^^fy^ yi^
And he loves justice and canity, and hatea
tyranny and oppression, and nis son is in thi
city. He is toe vital spirit of his heart, and
the fruit and delight of nis liver.
L^\^\ imibdb, Being poured out*
lJ\j^\ tmirdf, Betiring, returning
j\
(48)
(^
'A
md tin jfoHat^ wmdk tamarif hahauL
mrl^f Ton ought not to liaye retired so soon.
Xliai, biTiDg bidden Iiiin farewell, and Boothed
Ui Bdad, ihe departed, and proceeded without
stcvpng to the Lady Dunya : and she had
luadeB the paper in her hair.
/•Ldil inimdm, Addition, conjanction,
eoUeetion. (^mtraetion, conatitdning, coercingi
bindiiig together. Adjunction.
^/livl eiUdkl, Belonging to, or a native
of Aotioeh, in Syria. ^Uai^ Antdkla,
Antioch. Antakia was c^ed Biblath, but
being chosen by Seleucua Kicator, to be the
Stat of hia future goyemment it received the
nime of Antioch nrorn respect to his fether
Antiochu. For seTeral centuries it was the
nnieaot of ihe Sjro-Maoedonian kings, and
afterwards of the Boman goTemors of this
pronnce. The **defenoed city/' she that
naked third amidst idl the proTinces of
fiome, now lies stretched " silent and in dark-
iieiS'* lifeless, yet beautifU in death. The
Euphrates Valley Railway will giTe life and
nsaxrection to all Syria and Mesopotamia.
See Jj Jls)\ ^Jb iarlhul haHd.
^\ tnitfd, Being eztingoished, being
pat or going out.
jUait irUildk, Departure, going away.
To go on. ^\j^\j^ .J Uiliij^ jij
^1 {jo\ij, We continned our voyage
OBtil we arrived at an island like one of the
gtrdeosof Paradise.
f^\ Msdffi, Putting in order. Com-
posing vems.
J\ai\ m^dZ, Shoeing (a horse).
/•U)\ an^im. Camels, cattle, animals.
In^dm^ A present, gift, benefaction,
doQitive, benefit, largess. B«ward.
^\mj\ m^dM, Granting a favour. U
^1 C\mj\ i\ i^ C^3 J^ mdkdn
t»lik mmh iOa Mi^amtffi il^TJ, That was done
by him, merdy as a favour in my behalf.
oUasjf in^itdf, Being inverted, turned,
UHbeiit.
jUftjl in^kdd, Becoming tied or bound
(a knot, a oontraot).
(jM\iju\ ini,ikds, Eeflection, repercus-
sion, reverberation, recoiling. ^yi\
J^ ^, The rainbow is produced by
the reflexion of the sun's rays on the rain.
\^Jj\ anff A nose. J^t <^ff The
nose of a mountain, t.^. a promontory.
j\aj\ anfdr^ Soldiers, persons. Indivi-
duals.
^jM\Ai\anf&B (pi. oi^jiM nafcu). Breath-
ings, breath. [profitable.
cUjI tnfd^f Profiting, gaining, being
j\jju\ injk-dd, Singularity. jl^Jl ^le-
(or U|^1 %nfirddan\ Singularly, one
by one.
jUajI infirdkf Being separated.
^^^\ anfoi, More or most precious.
Anfus, Souls. {J^\ {jJu\, anjui al
nunota'. The souls of the dead.
JLdijl tnfisdl, Separation, division.
^\jSi t3jj,\ ,jjh j^ ^\ UWi ju,
juiiji juf,\ ju-iii ju^ ifrS-d,
And he said to her, 0 my mother, this paper
must be followed by complete union, or com-
plete separation. [two.
fXaij\ tnfisdm, Being cut or broken in
^\ anfd^ (pi. of ^U n^Ji^, More or
most useful. Convenient.
JUaj\ infill, Afiiction, grief.
j\Ai\ inkd%, Setting at liberty, dividing
or separating ofie thing from another. To save.
uJjoIk^I Jl* ij-^ji' ^ ^" among
the number of those who remained behind
upon the island, so I sank in the sea ; but
Grad, whose name be exalted! delivered me
and saved me from drowning, and supplied me
^\
(44)
i\
yriih a lam wooden bowl, and I laid bold
upon it and got into it, induced bjr tbe sweet-
neag of life, and beat l^e water witb my feet
as with oan.
^\aj\ inhd^, Macerating or dissolving
(a medicine in water), and applying it
^LajI inhibdd, Detention, retentioUi
impediment. Contraction (of tbe brow).
^1^1 inkir&d, Consummation, end,
accomplishment, extinction. *^^-^
^LJ ^^J'^ JT fjo\jJ^\, ha^dinkirdd
al ma^fi libnan^ After tbe extinction of tbe
princely family of Ma^n in Mount Libanon.
i^Luiil inkUdm, Dividing, separating it-
self. To be divided, separated.
\*aA>\ mkidd, Tbe expiration of any
term. Tbe being finisbed, accompUsbed, com-
pleted, fulfilled, terminated, ended, determined.
Termination. S^^J^Ji^M^ ls^^j^^^
Jjj-Jl yj^\ UI j^U i^^s^J J, And
consider a people wbo omameDted and deco-
rated tbeir palaces, and in tbe dust bave be-
come pledged for tbeir actions. Tbey built,
but tbeir Duildings avail not; and accumu-
lated treasures, but tbeir wealtb did not save
them when the term bad expired.
ellaA}! inkitd^, Catting off, rupture, se-
paration, disjunction, cessation, detachment.
cUis»*1, I write to thee with my
tears flowing, and tbe drops from my eyes
running incessantly ; but I am not despainng
of the ravour of my lord : perhaps some day
our union may take place.
c^^l inkildh, Bevolution, vicissitude,
change, alteration.
Lii \ ankiyd (pi. of ^^ ndkl), Clean, pure.
jLaJ! inhiyddf Submission, obedience,
subjection. ,♦^-11^ U Ijl Ci^'i GU;1
inkiyadan liamrak ana luajlr aiyanom^ In
obedience to your order, I will set off to-day.
j\ij\ inkdr. Denial, disavowing, disap-
probation, reiectine, reprobating, abandoning,
detesting. Befiisu.
j\sij\ Inkitdr or Angitdr. This is the
name which the Arabian historians of the
Crusades have given to Richard CcBur de Lion,
Kin^ of England, &mouB among them for his
heroic achievements, but particularly on ac-
count of the truce for which the Great Saladin
was obliged to sue. One of the articles of
tlus treaty was a marriage between Maleku'l
'Adil, brother to Saladin, and the Queen of
Sicily, siiter to Eichard, which, however, did
not take place, the bishops of England insist-
ing that the Saracen prince should become a
Cmistian, which could not be complied with.
i^\uSj\ tnJtisdff An eclipse. The
being eclipsed.
j\*^\ dnkisdr, Fracture, rupture, rout,
defeat Being broken, smashed to pieces.
Being put out of temper. To fail, to be in
state of bankruptcy.
uJluJol inkishdf, Detection, revelation.
To be discovered. ^^^ ^^ f^J^^ ^-^
I know not from^wbat country this man has
come. No one but he could ever usesuch boldness
towards me. I fear that whidi has happened
to me may be discovered, and especially since
it oonoerns a man wbo is neither of my family
nor of my equals.
\aj\ inmd, Increasing, causing to grow,
l^jl tntMmd, Because, since. Only,
Then, therefore. Surely, certainly. More-
over, surely not; as, ^Lm^XI Ujf
aU:]^]!) innimalXhidn Ula hUtamdm,
Purely (it is) not a favour, unless (it is) com-
plete.
j\y\ anwdr (pi. of*jy nCr), Lights.
^ILSl ^jit^\ ^^ Jul^Ut, And she
replied, 0 mv son, by heaven, I desire for
thee nothing out good success, and I wish sho
may be with thee ; far thou art the shininj^
moon, and she is the rising sun. (Moon is
masc., sun is fem.). — Anwar is tbe title of
many books, as Anwaru'V bahiaht The abimn^
lights; Anwanf iafjidat, The lights of
falicity; Atncaru* V^kul, The lights of tho
nndentanding.
ti\
(45)
-y
ct^t ampd^ (pL of e y natffc), Sorts,
kinds, TBiieties, direnities. Biren, yariotu,
serenJ. Species, ways, means. (J J aJ
ydl^l, Then he drew near to the
dome-crowded chamber, and lo, it had eight
doon of landal-wood, with nails of gold,
onitmeoted with atara of Bilker, let with
nrioQfl jewels.
J\y\ Mwdl (pL of Jy fuiir/), Weaving-
iooos.
jy\ mwoTf Ifore or most bright, lami-
oovi, re^lendent Flourishing, beautifiil,
degut
ujyl aiiJ2/(pl. of i^Jj\ anf). Noses.
*j\ nnahUf Because, that By chance,
perluuM. Since. How I /mimAm, Certainly,
ffideeo, sorely, yes.
If! inid, Announcing, signifying, ad-
vMog, adTertising, giving to understand, cer-
ti^. To forbid. IjJl Lfl JUi
And he said to her, she
threateneth me with slanghter and forbiddeth
mj vriting to her, bat if I write not to her,
Bf deatii will be preferable to my life.
;Ui ^ ankdr (pi. of j^ nahr), Kivers.
> i\j,}j. j\^ iv^ j^^\ \;ij
fLi\ ^»|jLfi j^ ^LJLc, And they
^^u^ the garden abounding wiih trees, and
vith many riTnlets, and saw the superinten-
dent sitting at the g^ate, and they saluted him,
od he retained their salutation.
u0>f ^ Mddy £zciting, rousing, calling
out ^jjCb ^l|3l 4j jLft (Jl JUbl ahddnl
^*diy«A li inAad himmatl^ To encourage me,
(or to rouse my goodwill) he made me a pre-
tetrt.
(•'•^^ mkiddm, Destruction, perdition,
nia, Ofotbrow, falL Dispernon.
;|je^ inkndm, Bebg routed. A defeat,
isit, diteomfitore, overthrow.
same
ij\i\i
I
vl/U^t inhmdi, Diligence. Applying
to anything with attention ; setting heart and
soul about a thing. vJi3 J.^\ c:.^!^
j^\ i^ ^\ di3i u.^Ci3A\
ZjjLj: ^^ Kj^^ <U, Now the
daughter of "that king used to Ioto that idol ;
she adored it frequently, and was assiduous in
her worship of it.
JU^l inhimdl, Delaying, taking time.
To be neglected. Eaining gently but inces-
santly.
\j»t^\ anU, A companion, friend, com-
rade, fiimiliar acquaintance, of the
temper, disposition, or genius.
jl aw, Whether, or, till. ^\C
^;.;.\it7. Id ufdrikak aw tu^\nl, I will
not leare thee till thou shouldst give me . • .
lU jJ! , And if he find him in safety,
it is what he desires, and thou wilt be thanked
and praised ; but if he be not found in thy
country, or if any evil have befallen him,
receive tidings of destruction and of tiie ruin
of thy territories.
j^^^ awdkhtr, Extremes, ends. The ten
last days of the month. Modems. See
JSV and k-lj\,>Vl^j JiV< -H?'
The phoenix of the ancients and modems.
Lki^jI awdsit, The middles, centres.
Halves, mediums. The ten middle days of the
month.
j^^j\ awdmir (pi. of *^1 amr\ Precepts,
mandates, commands, orders, inhibitiona, pro-
hibitions.
^^ awdn. Time. ^1^1^ ^\^\ l^js^\
alkharif awan ul fawakih. Autumn is the
season for fruits.
vjttt awdnl^ Yessels, yases.
JSl^l awdyil, (pi. of J^l), The first
(men), principals, chiefs. The ancientB. The
first ten days of eiery month.
^bjl awhdsh, A mixed crowd of all
nations and all sorts of people, but especially
of the meanest ; the mob, toe canaille.
jl7«\ awtdd (pi. of JJj watad), Stakes,
poles, pegs, pins, props.
ji
\
(46)
ty
jbjl motdr (pi. of Jj ipatar\ Nerves,
ligaments, cords, bow-strings.
^ISjl atCBiln (pi. of ^j troMan), Idols.
^j1 ai^', The top, summit, vertex, exal-
tation, height. The altitude or ascendant of
a planet
jW-j1 Hijdki s.t. (ased in Arabic), A
fireplace, hearth; a chimney. The corps of
Janissaries.
^\fl»-^1 auja^ (pi. of ^^y waja^t Infir-
mities, afflictions, griefs, ^erances, diseases,
distempers, maladies. Pains.
J\sj-jl awj&l (pi. of jj5>^j), Fears, tender
feelings. ^ aUU ijs\ j^\ uiJUi
And the old woman exclaimed, I seek refhge
with God from Satan the stoned I Thon
hast no desire for men, and how, then, have
tender feelings affected thee in consequence of
loyeP
c-^«5»*j1 awjahf More or most necessary.
Jl3.^^flwAfi/(pl. of J^^ tcahT)^ Bofb clays.
J^l awhad, Singular, only, unique,
^U|J1 ^1 (X^jlyb, He is an incom-
parable man, the phoenix of his age. Atohitdaad
awhad *ud din haye been adopted as surnames
bj many princes, peers, and otner distinguished
men.
hjii^ awdiyat (pi. of ij^\^ toddi), Valleys.
jljjl awrdk (pi. of Sjj^ warakal), Leaves
(of a tree or of a book). Papers.
j\u\ aw%dr, Heavy burden, crimes, sins,
i^'i^^'ij * (^Ia^Ij !«:>« iM>i jj»l
*j\4S JaSV ^ J^ As it is
avpointed Ihat.my death should soon take
place, I could not prevent it by my contri-
yances. My troops that I had collected, were
of no ayail, and none of my friends aided me
nor my neighbour. Throughout my whole
life was I wearied in my ioumey to the ^ye,
now in ease, and now in aifficulty. It wUI aU
pass before the morning to anotner, and tb(By
will haye brought thee a porter (to carry tfaee
to the graye) and a graye-digger. Aod on
the day of thy judgment, alone shalt thon meet
God, iaden with sin and crimes and heayy
burdens. Then let not the world deceiye thee
with its charms, but take into consideration
what it has done to thy family and neighbour.
^j^ atndn (pi. of & U WMtutt), Weights,
measures. [defilements.
A^^\ awi&kh (pi. of k^ foauakh). Filths,
LLi^l awidt (pi. of Ismi^ wasiot), The
middle parts, centres. [profession.
oIim)j1 Usidd, A master in any art or
Lirfjl awiat, The middle, medium, in-
teiral, interstice. Mediocrity, moderatiofn.
\^^x^^\ jyti\ j^, Virtue consists in
moderation. [largest.
w«jj\ awM^ More or most ample, larger,
i»jL)jl au^«d/ (pi. of^LJLe^ ^Mf), Quali-
ties, endowments. Specifications, descriptions,
tities, epithets. Praises, encomiums. Famous
actions.
>U0
K Excellent
y,
qualities. l-jIa!1j uJU^I, Titles and
epithets.
cli^\ au>dd^ (s. pi. of ^i^ wad^f Pes*
tures, gestures. Actions, conduct, behayiour.
^J^^awtdn (pi. oi^^watan\ Countries^
mother countries. iLubt 15-^ {J^
^IW p\^ ^}iti\y Be ready thon for
departure, and make proyision in this worlds
for thou wilt quit it soon. Where is Adam,
the father of mankind? Where are NoaK
and his offspring P Where are the soyereign.
Kaisars ana CsesarB P Where are the kings of
India and £l-£rak P Where are the kings of
the regions of the earth P The mansions ai^
yoid of their presence, and they haye quitted
their families and homes.
Jj«
(47)
j-\
it^t wk, 8.i (used in Arabic), A roonii
offitt) VuRO, eovtttiiig-hoQse.
ji^\ §wfdj More or most conrenient,
conftmUe, proper fiir the purpote.
oli^l iMto (pL of uuJj wM), Times,
Jljjl «fc/(pl. of u-fl5^ •i7flil/),-Lega-
Qo, ^■a^ ptoQs Ibimdations. Properties
fjy «%<;, An ounce; or ^^\ okka^
B* t. (written generally ^j), An oke
(file Tvtiih lb. bdng eqiial to about 2] lbs.
A)^ wUi, More or most positiye.
Jjl «nM/, First The beginning, prin-
qal, eoomencement. Fiistlj, before, at first,
ai soon 81, the fiist moment, long ago, formerly.
'>' J' J^' uT^ J g[rr^ ^>^^
^•^1, And I acquainted him with
vbathadbefidkn me from first to last, and be
w cnered for me, and said, 0 yoimg man,
rrraliiotthj case, for I fear what the king of
ttii dty mij^ do against thee.
^ awalm, In the first place, first of
4 before tU things.
A' mlad, Sons, children, of&pring,
posterity, descendants. J^U^^ ^.^f-^^
««in diis money, and to bny for ns some-
ui^ to est, for we axe strangers, and I hare
vnhoe these children whom I wish to diyert
^y fiteyOa, Those.
•»•■ «v2im, Is it not ? Ul^\ awlammd,
iiitaotyet?
M -I T
)•) «*i Ixwds, masters, possessors; (also
*>"?•), A Uttd, master; possessed o^ having.
;Uiyy, Havbg eyes, ».*. prudent,
■?>rioa8, penetrating. ^J'^^', Em-
I*wiB, generals, commanders-in-chief.
&.A^^)\ Priors, abbots, or other
*>*<*«eKgionsorfera.
^^1 air20S Better, best, more or most
" excellent, worthy, fit, sufficient, proper.
^jl nla' (fem. from J^l), First; as
^jlli>-; J, The first step.
^y\ nil (^^\ and y^l). Possessed of,
endowed with; as yjfi\^^\, Endowed
with wisdom, prudent
UjUw^a (pi. of Jj), Friends (of God),
saints. Prophets.
^t^\ awwahn (oblique pi. from J^^),
The first ^^/^'i\^ ^^jSl, Ancients
and modems.
aUjI at^Adm (pi. of ^j toaham). Opinions,
conjectures, suppositions, imaginations, doubts,
suspicions.
M dA, Ah ! aks ! A sigh.
l\jb\ mhdhai, To fear. cLO^V^ ^t A^\
u^^y^*j]/ LrJ^J*J^ tlXUij-J!
j^Uucj j^^-:r k^ft-Ltf ^^ ♦ j#^^
the fiftther of this youug lady is a powerful
king, an impetuous horseman, who traTerses
the seas of tne surrounding regions by night
and day, dreading not death, nor fearing its
terrors, for he is a despotic tyrant, and an
oppressiye conc^ueror ; he is lord of numerous
armies and regions and islands and cities and
habitations.
^U\ ahdll, Inhabitants, citizens, com-
mons. Possessors. Consorts, spouses. Do-
mestics, servants, people in a family. Worthy,
skilful. d$l«J1^U1, The inhabitants
of the kingdom. ^
4jljb\ ihanat, Disdain, contempt, to insult.
^\ uhbat, (warlike) apparatus.
j^jjjbl iMitaSf Becoming tumultuous,
moTod, agitated. Exulting, rejoicing. Exciting.
/^tcJbt ihtimdm, Diligence, care, solici-
tude, anxiety, effort, endeayour, study.
\jJb\ ihdd, Giyiug, presenting, sending,
offering. Conducting in the right road ; bring-
ing into the fold of the true church.
lybl ahrdy Bams, granaries, magazines.
jl^l ihrdk, Pouring out.
J>^
(48)
l\
M\yb\ ahrdm (pi.), Old, decrepid, en-
feebled by age. A\jSbi\ aldhram, The
pyramids of Egypt, on account of their great
antiquity.
(Jj^f aUf People (belonging to any par-
ticular person, place, order, or profession).
\yuc>>'\ ^,yil1 J^^ M (^ har-yah
ijtuma^ The people of the Tillage assembled.
^\ ^ ^j jM ci«^^» And once
in eyery ten days he comes to roe, and spends
a night here and then he goes away, for he
took me without the consent of his ^latives.
ILlbl oMany Welcome.
^Jub! ahUf/ah, 8. The quality of being a
fit, proper, and competent person.
H4i;Vir. ikAjb] 2f JC£ ^tndoh ahliyah ^mI-
mmA, He possesses great ability.
Cj\li\%hldk, To ruin, to cause to perish,
to destruct, destruction, perdition.
J^\ ihhlaj, The Myrabolan tree.
Mib\ ahmmy Most important. jy^\ ^1>
* The most important things. '
JlJ^\ ihm&l^ To neglect. Negligence,
carelessness, indifference, indolence.
.^^^!j (j^yi. And she said to him,
Make haste and go and hrfng him to me
without any delay or negligence. And he
replied to her, On the head and the eye.
\yb\ ahiodf Loves, desires, affections.
JWjbl ahtodlf Terrors, dangers, frightful
things, if jUJl ifdJb ]\ ls^^LojU J\i
ili^j JjJul L^^ J^4u i\ ,JSX\ \jJb^
ij^ Jfy^^j KA^r , For I attained
not this |)co8perity and this place save after
severe fatigue and great trouble and many
terroxa.
Jybf ahwdl^ More or most terrible,
dreadful, horrible.
^yb\ ahwan, More or most easy.
fjybi ahwiyat, Airs, atmospheres.
i^\ I, Yes, ay, indeed, certainly. Ay,
That is to wit, yia. Afft or Jii^u^ Whoerer,
whosoeyer, whatsoeyer, any one, such as it ia.
Who? which? what? J^j 4/I «»yw
rafuU, Which man ? Jut aiyukumy A.ny
of you ; or, which of you ? ^j*^ f^\
' mya %tHif In whatever time; or, in what
time? ^.>->M.i«gll liatyi sahabu On
whatever account; or, on what aocoant ?
jtjJt(jAf^l aiyuhumfi $ dart, Who is
of them in the house P — When the same noun
that is governed by ^j\ also precedes,
it implies something indefinite; as
waivu rqfulif I passed a man; but what man
(I do not know) ; or, by way of admiration ;
as 'lb v^lj 'lb «Jj fffaka^ halda waiyu
balai, He fell into trouble, but such trouble 1
\j\ Aiyd is also a pleonastic particle pre>
fixed to personal pronouns; as «^\j»^
a%ydya\ I, however, or indeed I. ViLTIj \
aiydka. Thou, etc. i\j\ atydhu, Se,
etc. U^M aiydkumd, You two, etc.
Ujbbf aiydhUmd, They two, etc. \JV>\
aiydnd, We, etc. A^b^ aiydkum, T'ou,
etc. AJbbl aiydhum, They, etc., and
are governed by the verb, as vl/^ V>\
Ju«3 aiydka na^idu, We adore thee.
b\ aiydf Whomsoever, c^-y^l c-^^«<djV£\
Whomsoeyer thou shalt beat, I will beat.
t-^b\ iydh, Eetuming. v-jUj <-->\j8o
tihab traiad, Qoing forth and returning, coining
and going.
C^bT dydi (pi. of !j\ ayat), Si^qb,
miracles, yerses of the Alcoran. OradoB.
v^jbl aydil (pi. of Jj yai), Hands.
Jo\ Ayydr, A Syro-Macedonian montli
answering to May.
{jJo\ tyds, Despair, despairing.
i}\A aydlat, Dominion, a principality
goyemment, province. JyiUat, Ctoyeminc^
goyemment.
Ab\ aiydm (pi. of ^^ yawm\ Days.
Jj\
(49)
i>\
iM
jr^UI Jj\ aiifdmul hdhnr^ The dog-
JU^ I»1j^ And there were in the
ifland froitB in abondanoe, and springs of
Bveet vater; I therefore ate of those nuits.
And I coQtiniied in this state for many days
sfitfnighti.
liU a^dnd, Us. ^\A aiyahUf He, him.
UU, She, her. Ij^M, They two.
i»^l|l and ^U^ They, them. ^/U,
I, me. See Ut ahoye.
<^l ayat, A sign, miracle. A verse of
the Aleoran, a passage in Seriptore.
^1 a^iyat (or Ucj\ with the pleonastic
U), The feminine of i^l at^, ahove.
Whosocrer, whatsoerer. Who P which P
mzA ayidm (pi. of a-cj yatim), Orphans.
jtj] Utdr, Giving, hestowing.
u>'o|H ijdh, To do something in con-
formity with. To answer affirmatively.
C^^SGlarl CJij viJjis, I did it to
show obedience to your order. ^ ij-*;'
V^F^l^ ^l^^y He has sent to me an
iffimiAtiTe answer.
^\s^ Ijdd, Invention, discovery, hecom-
in^ BO anthor, publisher ; causing one to find.
j^ Ijdr, Giving for hire, hiring. To
hire.
J"^' y^*t To make an abbreviation,
^ ooDpoidinm, abridgment. Shortening.
y^} f/dian, In order to make
>i^ Ijlart, TMhaiiu naha ^hr
^^^y i^«w» litakrtrakf I have cancelled
^^t ten sentences to make your report
shorter, j^ JG bikul ljd%, Com-
peodiooaly.
^Sij idd^, Depositing in trnst.
^'^^ ayift (pL of Jj yad), Hands.
^y,j^^ ^^^9 And after an honr he
returned, bringing with him a roasted lamb,
and bread as white as cotton, which he placed
before them, and they ate and drank.
»\j\ Irds, Making one an heir. In-
heriting. Succeeding. Producing, causing.
jSjA Irdd, Producing, exhibiting, hring-
ing proof, alleging.
cLjI Ud^, Enlarging, extending.
j^\ aysar, Left, the left hand, sinister.
More or most fortunate. Easier.
15-^ s/' dyyu ihayiny What? what
thing ? how ? in what manner ? why ?
wherefore ? t<&c^^ liayshay. For what
reason P " "
jLajf tssdl, Causing to reach, join, arrive.
^^^^j^^ W^j ^^-^ tr^^
IfJl, Be happy and cheerful; for I
will not cease my endeaTours until I procure
thee an interview with her, and obtain for
thee access to her !
Li)\ aydan, As above, as before, in the
same manner. Ditto. Again, anew, afresh.
Hitherto. Also, likewise.
•.Lijl iddh, Explanation, elucidation,
declaration, manifesting, making evident, ren-
dering clear. Coming in view, appearing
plain. Eyidenoe.
^U-^ l^Udj\ cuUt/a hazih al^drah
Idahan litharheh, He added this sentence in
order to make his explanation more and more
evident (clearer). ^^Li»U btlddhin,
Clearly, evidently, ^y^ c^^-c^l
^LdAjij, ftktuh fndtawakka^ htkul
Iddhf Write dearly what has happened,
or i^JLi\ ^jbi hiawdah usslub, Most
clearly, or in the most clear fashion.
\sj\ ifd, Performing a promise, Mfilling
an engagement, keeping faith. Paying, satis-
fying.
j\h\ iJtddf Lightning,kindling, inflaming.
mi 1 ^i
)jlp^ J^J\ IfeU ^^\ k-^ ^
4
(Ji^
(50)
^\j
jUl Lf-U (W-jjjl Uli ^UjJl (^>
iz^j:^ ^^£CuJb l::^^m«>-1 , For this
island, npon which yon are, is not really an
island, bat it is a great fish that has become
stationary in the midst of the sea, and the
sand has accumulated npon it, so that it has
become like an island, and trees hare grown
upon it for a very long time ; and when you
lit the fire on it, the fish felt the heat, and put
itself in motion.
)o\JiL>\ lM%, Awaking, raifiiDg, Btining
up, exciting, inducing. 1 JJb Jjuj J
iKS'U^li^J 1\ J«a!1, lam yaf^l haza
aljlfj ilia tkasan Uka, He did not pNonorm such
an act, but to stir you up (to awake you).
^^\ aifkUnat, An image, a picture.
SA ayukum, Which of you ?
JjI iyjfal, A deer.
^lA lldj, Introducing, inserting, putting
one thing into another.
^.sndl ihhi, An ambassador, envoy.
Jyji ayliU, September.
\aj\ imdf A nod, sign, signal. Intima-
tion, hint.
\aj\ aiyumd (fern. \asj\ aiffaiumd), Who-
ever, whatever. Who ? what ? (as
4^\ atf/u).
^Uj! imdn, Faith, belief, religion.
Jtb^^UjI, Superstition.
jjiff\j^\ Impardtnr, An emperor.
iA!\ aymmaty Prelates, imams, priests.
^\ ayna^ Where ? C^y^^}, Where is
your residence? ^\ ^ min ayna,
Whence, wherefrom. ^l^^t^V. <«^^ (^
^\5I uUUi ^\ iJj^\ \L J\ ^
ii\i\f Then she said, 0 my nurse,
whence comes this handsome youth P And she
(the old woman) said, I know him not, but I
imagine that he is the son of a ereat king,
for he is of the utmost beauty and loTelinees.
\a:^ aynamOf Wherever, everywhere.
^^mI^-I (jmIa^ Ujjf aynamd tqflk qflis,
In whatever place thou shalt sit, I will sit
Uydlt^l iwd al ghwdbd^ Hospitality.
i^^ aytodn and fu^on, A hall, court,
portieo, an open gallenr or balcony on the top
of the house, for the benefit of the prospect
and fresh air. c;Ul^\ aywdndtf The
plural of ^\^\ aywdn.
JBd or £i^ The second letter of the
Arabic alphabet. It expresses iu>o in arith-
metic, Monday as the second day of the week,
and the constellation Gemini. By way of ab-
breviation it is put likewise for the month
Rajab (the seventh month of the lunar year),
especially in the dates of letters ; as
AT 4U^ <^ U jj ^jt^ tdhriran fl
khamtata f^ashara rqfab sanah salatu 9amanJnf
Written (or given) on the Idth of the month
Safab, in the year 83 (contracted for the year
1083).
hi (the inseparable Arabic preposi-
^ tion), With, in, because, for, on account of,
by, etc
(^b bdbf A gate, door, the chapter of a
book. An affair, business, point, matter,
reason,^ manner, mode^ kind, species, method,
sort. \jbj>ai i^z^^ \j\&mJ l^ ^\ A^\
jiJ\ t^\) ^ ij^j^f Know then^
that she has a garden adjacent to her palace
for her diversion, and she goes out into it onee
in every month from the private door.
LJf\^i\^^\j hdhu'V abwdh, The gate of
gates, called by the Persians Barband, or Tbe
carrier, is a strong fortress on the Caspian
Sea, and the boundary of the Persian and
Turkish empires on that quarter.
jUfJlc-;b hdhi' z*%ukdk, The street door.
f^jj\A^\i^\i JBdhuTjndndab, The gate
of tears, the straits or passage into the Red
Sea, vulgarly called Babelmandel,
JjU hdbil, Babylon. JjU jh hilddhdbtl.
Babylonia. Babylonia has an alluvial soil,
and occupies about ninety miles. ^ Ancient
Babylonia is one of the finest countries in the
world ; at one point there is a range of hills
coming from Palmyra, and crossing the £u-
phiates at about Zenobia.
(51)
LT^
JUtc^li BaM^U, The chief office of
'the Ottoman goTemment (the so-called P&rte
or SMimFB^rte^ a perrcrted French tnuulation
of the oiiirinal, which merely means ''the
ffigfa floQse," as we say the High Court of
Cbanecrj).
t^ /• •
hahantQ^
J^^ h^, Tiibate, castom, daty, impost,
t0l],tBX.
jy>\i Mur, The heat of the dog^ys.
j^UI |»U a^dmul-hdhiir, The dog-
^laTjb ktdinfdn, Thefimit mala-insana
or lore-apple, the tolanwm pomi/erum of the
Bomsoai
kjJu bdiif One who hegins, hrings
about, or canses anytMng. A cause.
^jb iddiyah, A desert. The deserts of
iiabia, inhabited by the Bedouins.
j^, hdr, Beneficent, pious. Abstaining
from anything raijnst or lawful. [night.
'^j\j harihai, is^yU] alharihat. Last
^ ^j\j hOrkhdnah, Saggage, particularly
Rich as kings and great men trayel with.
Merehandize transported from one place to
fflo^er. [by nature.
JjV ^rid, Cold, fngid. J\}4^\jjl, Cold
y b hdri^f Excelling in virtue or science.
't^'yo^ lazmahft nazmul ash^Tf He haa the
^tatot talent in composing verses. (He excels
m . . .). ^Jj is for ^\j)>
Jy'V ^rti, Shining, flashing. A bright
;fj\i hdrftr, A bearer of loads, a bag-
fage-bone, a beMt of burthen.
^X}\i hdriU^ Gunpowder.
J;W hdr% God, the divine creator.
;w Mi, a falcon, hawk-
!.1
jjj haUr, A market, forum, emporium,
Baiket-placc. A bafgain.
yj^jjO hd%argdn, A merchant, a trader.
yT'^ ten. Adversity, misfortune, ca-
!*oitT» pain, affliction. Virtue, fortitude,
"«f«l»*ty,holdne«, power, strength, ability.
U«ul>^t is not bad, there is no evil
g
^\ (jJii'i^ lLCjI L^^ C^j^ ^j^
c-rl^l ^ fc/*iH» The old woman
then came near to her, and said : No one can
utter a word on this subject, for fear of thy
power and the £gnity of thy father ; there
will be no harm in thy returning him an
answer.
9jJo biasrahi, Et cetera, and so forth,
and thus with regard to the rest. aJ^V
(or lay-sb), All, tjie whole, every one.
i^Ul^* ^j^ lPW^ ^^^ ^.=-^^
I found him to be a sitter-at-home and a
loiterer, and discoTered him to be Inzy and
addicted to sleep. Now, then, I had brought
him rich apparel and household e£fects, — aye,
and supernuities with me; but he continued
selling them away at a losing rate, and con-
suming their price in gorgine and gorman-
dizing, till he had totally dissipated whatever
was mine; and he spent the whole of my
fortune on his own wants and necessities.
jJ-j1j hdsil, A strong intrepid man, a hero.
^J^\j hdsilik, The basilik, or great
artery in the arm.
jyjj hdaUr, The emrods, piles. An
hemorrhage or flux of blood at the nose i^nd
other ports of the body.
wy hdshd, A basha, governor of a pro-
vince, counsellor of state, great lord ; also
sometimes the grand vizier. \J^\j hdshd
(from the Turkish LlU pdshd, used in
Arabic), The highest title in the civil or mili-
tery hierarchy m Turkey. There are now
many grades of pashas. Ist. The grand vizier,
and those who rank with him. 2nd. Those
who have filled that office. 3rd. Those con-
nected by marriage with the Imperial family.
4th. The general class of ministers, or secre-
taries of state, and those to whom the rank is
given. 6th. Simple mushirs, not ministers of
state; these are governors-general of large
provinces, or generals commanding corps
d'arme'ey etc. 6th. Viziers, also governors-
general. 7th. Feriks, or lieutenants-general.
8th. ^ Miri-miran, or governors of smaller
provinces. 9th. Miri-liwa, or generals of
brigade. 10th. Miru'l-umera, or governors
of small provinces only.
Jl^
(52)
l«r
Jh^U htUhik, A sparrow-hawk, a merlin.
jtc\j hdnr, Seeing, one who sees. ^j*a\j
hatiriyah. The sight, the fiiciilty of seeing.
JI9U h&til, Ealse. YaiD, foolish, trifling,
ahflord, ineffectual, fhTolons, futile. Abolished,
out of date, antiquated, useless. )ILb *
batihn, Vainly, foolishly, falsely.
^\i hdtin, Interior, internal. The in-
ward part. ^Vl;^^» The exterior
and interior.
^Uil^b Bdtmiah, The Batanians, Is-
maelians, or Assassins, of whom mention is so
often made in the history of the Crusades.
^l> hd^, A fathom, the length to which
the two aims can stretch. [subject.
lL>sc\j hs^, An author, cause, occasiou,
^ge\i hdghi, A rebel, sinner.
^b hakat, A bundle of odoriferous herbs.
A nosegay of flowers.
ijj\j h&kal, K'ame of a stupid ignorant
man, who, having bought a doe for eleven
pieces of money, and not beine able to tell
what he had given in words, held up his ten
fciU hdki, Permanent, durable, fixed,
firm, immortal, everlasting, eternal. The
remainder, rest. Remaining, left.
CjLiU h&kiyat (pi. fem. of tho above),
The remainders, permanent things. [tears.
^\} haki (ij^C), "Creeping, shedding
ar^lj hdkirah, A virgin.
Jb hdl, The heart, mind. AsJJ (.ii^^.x^
\^\ ^^ (•SIS ci^iJj ^Ublb
JU v,i^.»fv. , I amassed three thousand
pieces of silver, and it occurred to my mind to
travel to the countries of other people ; and I
remembered tiie words of one of the poets, who
said ....
^\sui\j ht*l ittifdk, With one consent.
By chance, accidently. By combination.
^Jb ht'l dkhir, At length, finally.
j\J^'i\jhi'l ittirdr, By force, unwillingly.
L^b hCl iktiddy From necessity.
^IjJb h%'l haddhakf Suddenly, unex-
pectedly.
JUb9>^Slj JjMoftuJb Wt tafiiU well tjmdl,
Prolixly and compendiously, di£E^vely and
succinctly.
^UcJb hi't tamdmf Totally, entirely.
aLU^b Iff I jumlat, Totally, generally,
universally. [taiuly, justly, deservedly.
j;^b hfl hakk, In truth. Truly, cer-
JLs?b hri haldl LawfuUy.
CjfjJb hf% zdt, In person, essentially,
by himself.
c-^\^b hfs sawdh, Justly, properly.
ifj^j,ai\j hfd darUrahf From necessity,
by constraint, by force.
uO^^^ J^b hiU tuU woTl ^rd, At
fuU extent, in length and breadth.
^b hdligh, Arrived, reached, happened,
come to pass. One who has attained the age of
puberty.
J*«!b hflji^l, In fact, actually, really,
effectually. [Wllftilly.
Juafilb hi*l kasdf On purpose, by design.
JLK!b bfl hdliyat, Totally, entirely,
wholly, universally, all together. Not at all.
JU^b hflkamdl, Perfectly, completely.
M hhlah, By God ! fjasi\ ailb, By
the Great God ! Form of swearing, [perly.
K,.^^^\^\) hi* I wdjib, Necessarily 9 pro-
^^b hdlUcah, A- hole or sink in the
middle of houses in the East, into which they
sweep all the filth.
^Jb bdU, Old, worn (garment).
^\mj <dl|^b hi amriUahi ta^ala\ By
" the command or permission of God.
(Jb bdnl, A builder.
i\) hdhf Sexual intercourse.
*
Jbb hdhir, Superior, conquering, over-
coming, greater, more excellent. Open, public,
manifest, evident.
l^b hdhiran, Excellently, publicly.
JU- i^b hi aiyi hdl, In whatever con-
dition.
w;b hdyi^, A seller.
^b hdylHf Distinct. Manifest, clear,
evident, notorious. [Virgin Marr.
Jjij hatm, A virgin. Jji-J^, The
illasT hajdldt, s. a.. Beauty and portli-
ness comhined.
(53)
fj On all sides, with alL
lac; MU^ FroDoonciiig hoarsely.
;\a^ ySkir, Seas.
C^ laky GantroTersy, debate, dis*>
pnte, eantest, ai^ament, question.
li^ To debate, dispute, contend, to
^Wr, The sea. Metre, yerse. ^^
k**'!, The Sea of China. ^^Jl^
(and J^l^a::), The Indus. The
Gnen Sea, or the Indian Ocean.
tP^UI^ The Persian Sea. ^^\jsr
oTyto^Jl^, The Bed Sea. ja^^
^f^>) ^Jl, The White and
Bhcl Sea (t.^, the Egean with the
Meditemmean, and the Euxine).
jM^I^, The Mediterranean Sea.
^ypl/K or t/-Jaij^^flK7, The Caspian
« Sea of Pontus. Ji^j^.t The sea
B>^ land. sr-riiAy y^ -n-ii-tifh- Ui^ J t>.'n**
'^^ b^Uj G^, i:U J ^^^jr^\^
j^i U5* y**^^ > ^ resolved, and arose,
ud boagfat for mynlf goods and oommodities
ttd Berduuidtte, with sach other things as
vov XMiDnd for tnrel ; for my mind had
^'^sa^A to my paforming a sea-voyage.
^' is-i^ ^J, I took pleasure in sea-
^^^T*!^ My town was on the shore of an
QttBBTe tea, iatenperaed with a great number
* Isi^ and extenaiTe islands.
J jar lak^an^ The crisis of a disease.
4f^> ^A^v Marine, maritime.
: Mroyw (dual), The two seas,
^Wldte aadthe Black, the Mediterranean
«dtks£iaioe.
r*«^ JaAm^, According to, in the
acmcr oL ^Jii\ c,^,,..:^, According
JUjjdH
ti
to the laws, ^lyi l^^mi^^^. Prom
outward appearance. [swearing).
la hakk, By, by the truth (in
ka^ ha KamdiUdhi ta^la*,
God be praised, by the grace of God.
j^a^ hahUr, Seas, ij^^a^, buhayrat, A
lake, a small sea. ^lk}\ i,*s^,
buhayrat Antakia, The lake of Antiocb. This
lake abonnds particularly with eels and a sort
of red fish of a very good quality.
^j^lb ir;^, huhayrat tabarta, The
lake of Tabaria is still richer ; crabs,
especially, are very numerous, i^^^
tjl huhayat lut, The Dead Sea, or Lake
Asphaltites, alone, contains neither animal nor
yegetable life. ^,j^^ jW^^^ uXi-Jj
V •• .0/^ • ^» C^ • ' Try •
^^^)lf 4^]Ls>-U , And those four streams
meet together' in a great tank, lined with
marble of yarious colours.
.la:; hukhdrf A vapour, exhalation.
Steam evaporation. (J>^aC ^r^^
jlioJli^l, aUahi^ yahsal aldn hil
bukhar. Printing is now done by steam.
^£.><s^haMt, Fortune, prosperity, felicity,
happiness. Luck (good or bad). A horoscope,
nativity, planet, constellation. v::..^.l\
uLJ\^iJ\jJ d lakht la yatl ma^ al
hikmahf Fortune does not come with wisdom.
^JLJ^fkr haihshUhfA. pre8ont,anhonorary
or pecuniary gratuity, drink-money. It is
sometimes written with i, as in the
following sentence. ^jm^UJI <^^yj
jj\Si\ j---*^ '^^--v^^ jir*^ c^
^\Mjji\^, And she distributed the usual
presents and sugar, and incense was burnt, and
scented cosmetics were profusely made use of,
and it was a day of great public rejoicing ; and
all the lords of the empire, and the generals of
^e army, and the soldiers thems^ves, were
delighted. [ness, sparingnesa.
J^ bukhul, Avarice, parsimony, stingi-
jja^ lukkUr, Perfume, odour or any
thing whicb diffuses fragrance, as aloes, musk,
thyme, storaz, frankincense, etc.
i.)«V
(64)
V
hakhllj Avaricions, oovetoas.
Jjyl \y\jbj ♦ ^jJ^a^ ^ J^ J^ Mn
* Jjjb ci^Uijb, If I be possessed
of wealth, and be not liberal, may my band
noTer be extended, nor my foot raised ! Sbow
me the ayaricioua who hath attained glory by
aVarice, and the munificent who has died
through generosity.
Jjl Id hudd. There is now no flight, no
retreat ; it becomes necessary.
4Jb1jj haddhat, A sudden appearance or
effusion^ dibljJlj hil baddhati, Bud-
denly, unexpectedly, unpreparedly, extempora-
rily.
iAs)haddf/at,Begjaimiig, Commencement.
jA) hadr, The full moon.
ijdJ hadratf A weight of 10,000 dirhems,
equal to 6666f Attic drachmas. J<^\^
ijiX^ U^La ijO ^}] ijJ fieu U!\L,
Allenng that he had made a coTenant with
Ood oy oath, that he would take as his son-in-
law none but an artificer. Fate doomed, to
my calamitr and disaster, that this g^eat
deceiver and cheat came to my father's house,
and swore among his people that he^ fiilfllled
this condition, pretending that his business was
the stringing of pearls, and selling them for
a large sam of money. (For the above sum).
cjj had^, Novelty, innoyatioB, inven-
tion, a recent prodvotion. Bida^ New, sur-
prising, [heresy.
^jj hid^t, liTovelty, a bad innovation,
Jjj hadal, A succedaneum, substitute,
equivalent, change, exchaoge, altering one
letter for another, ^jj To make an
exchange, give an equivalent. ^^^
^j^ Jjj, An eye for an eye. In
place of that,
^Jj badan (pi, ^\*Xj1), The body.
•Jj hadu, Beginning, commencement.
* I
-.jJj badnh, Mystical word usually
written under the address of letters, and
flometimes represented by the numerical equiva-
lents of its component letters, thus 8942, as
an invocation for its safe arrivaL
i^jj hadau^, Eural, a rustic man of
the desert. Inhabiting or growiuf in the
desext. This word is the origmal of the
Vreadk word bedouin, adopted in Engliah
also. It must be owned, that there are few
polished nations whose morality is, in general,
so much to be esteemed as that of the Sedouin
Arabs ; and it is worthy of remark that the
same virtues are equally to be found in the
Turkmen hordes and the Curds.
^Jj baii^9 Wonderful, surprising, mar-
vdlous, astonishing, strange, rare.
JUcs^f M'V' ^ astonishing beauty.
iUj Jj hadi^ (fern, of the above), A
wonderM rare thing (frequently used in the
neuter sense, like other feminines of Arabic
adjectives). [tated.
_^jj hadlhl, Extempore, unpremedi-
Jjj hcttol, Bestowing profusely.
j) harr, The continent, earth, globe,
terra firma. jijj^.f The sea cmd
laad. \ji^ 1^, By sea and land.
Bar, A desert, a large uncultivated barren
plain. Ia}^ *^
^ ^jLaJV> ^® ^^ passed by
island after island, and from sea to sea, and
from land to land ; and at every nlace which
we passed we sold and bought and exchanged
merchandise.
1^ hard, Creating. \j{ ^ min harrd,
Outward, foreign, extrinsic.
LU]ji iardt, A letter, episUe. A roya!
diploma, brevet, oomminion, or privilege.
i^j\j) hardfi, (pi. of i»j)^ barriyat)
Deserts, wilderness, l^ \2^^^ v::^^^^
^Jj^l l^j^j;»-,And she mounted
and thev journeyed with her, crossing the dc
serts ana wastes, and the plains and the rogge
tracts, until they arrived at Palmyra.
^Ji
(55)
^
JJ^Iy hraHl, Presents, bribes to a
judge.
ifb hffd^, Elegance, perfection of
beauty. SkiU. vKJj ^\ ^.-iJ\ j* Jiii
cAj^ iticLc^^ ^>*^ l^acui Jlull,
"Die ^kh therefore advanoed to thorn locks,
and he opened tiiem by hb knowledge, and
coonge, a&d great skill.
j\ji kffrdk, Flashing, sbining, re-
fpkode&t, brilliant, bright as lightning.
^^]j{, Brahmans. i^^t^ JUU^ H^^^
c^'^j J^-^^ J^^*^^> -A.nd among
tbeia is a clss called the Brahmans, a people
who nerer drink wine ; bat they are a people
of pleasure and joy and sport and memment,
a&d posKsaed of camels and horses and cattle.
^^ hardhfn, Argaments, demonstra-
tions, eTident proofis.
\.^ji hardy a, Creatures. ^U*J^ <jl^
ihe Creator of men.
<^|j haraat, Freedom. !3eing free from
my defect or blemish.
^^jij) Barhari^ahf Barbary in Africa.
t/. ^t A castle, tower, fortress, ram-
part, bulwark. Bastion. iulaS\ -.^j,
The tower or bastion of a castle. Bury, A
Ktar, eoBsteUation, the honse or station of the
moon or any other planet, a sign of the zodiac.
J^\ ^j) hurfal hamal, The sign
Aries. j^\ ^y Hrjas Mwr^ Tauras.
tj^l ^j3 huTJ ajjatad, Gemini, ^ji
J^jj!\ hwfj assartdn^ Cancer, ^ji
•xJi] hurfal a»df Leo. ^LiyuJf ^ji
hwjal 9umhalah, Yirgo. ^^^J-i^ 'T'j^
Utfjal ml%dn, Libra. ^jh^\ ^j) bur-
fil ^akrabf Scorpio. ^^1 ^ji hurfal
Wf, Sagitarius. 4/«^f '^ji hurfal
fiii, Capricorn, j) Jt!^ -^.^ hurfuddalu,
Aqurios. LZJys^\ ^j) hurfal hut,
I'^aaak The abore are nseS either simply, or
conpoimded with burf; as we say Aries, or the
•eaateDaEluNi Ari«.
i}ji hard, Cold, frigid.
fj\*^ji harddn, Cold, patient of cold.
ie^Jj harda^at, A cloth stuffed with
wool, laid under the saddle, a pannel, pack-
saddle, dorser.
^jji harzahh, An unfathomable gulf; the
great gulf between this world and heayen, or
between this world and the eternal future.
jjU»y hwrihdn, Wafers.
^j haras, Leprosy.
\^ji harsd, Leprous (women),
JJ?^ hartllf A bribe to a judge,
J^ji harghash, A kind of gnat,
J*i^ hurghid. Wheat, barley, com (es-
pecially bruised) ; also a dish made of grain.
-J^ hirflr, Purple, the purple shell-fish.
jy hark, Lightning, flashing clouds, a
thunderbolt. Flame, l^ (J^ Uii
\^\, And when he had rubbed the
hand of the horseman, it turned like the blind-
ing lightning, and faced a different direction
from that in which they were ; the party there-
fore turned thither.
^j} hurka^, A lady's veil, through
which only the eyes are seen. A curtain .
\:b\j ^ J^, And the party entered
a passage payed with marble, upon the sides of
which were curtains, whereon were fieured
▼arious wild beasts, and birds of gold and
sUyer, and their eyes were of pearls and
jacinths; whoaoeyer beheld them was perplexed.
2j\^j harakdt, Blessings, benedictions.
6^ji harakat. Abundance, increase, fer-
tility. A blessing, recompense, prosperity.
i^j hurkah, The basin of a fountain, a
pond, reservoir of water, a lake. S^j
i^^\hwrket-eil'hooUh, The lake Hooleh,
^Ji
(56) Uj
or aqnsB merom. Bice is cultiyated with sac-
cess on the borders of the marshy country of
the lake Hooleh.
CX«;J JBarmak, The name of a noble
family, orig:inally from Balkh in Khorassan,
and highly celeorated all over the East for
their generosity, magnificencCi and distin-
guished patronage of men of genius. One of
the most illustrious was goyemor to the ^at
khalif H&run ArrashTd, and his son Giaffar
was afterwards first minister to that prince.
Ji;*^ harmll, A tun, butt, hogshead.
(jfffj{ htruiyuk, B.t. (u8ed in Arabic),
Gauze, crape.
{j^ji humw, A kind of high-crowned
cap, worn formerly in Barbery, Spain, and
other places. (The Spaniards call it albomaz),
^j) bamiyat, A veseel of earth, a jar.
J J^ hamli, A hippopotamus, a river-
horse.
TT^/ ^unfl;, Fortifications, ramparts.
Celestial signs. Bastions, towers.
ij»j humdat, Coldness.
Jjij hurUz, Evidence. Being evident,
manifest, clear, palpable.
^Ijb^ hurhdn, Demonstration, proof. An
indisputable argument,
^lib^ harhdnl, Demonstrative. JJj
d\^.f Convincing proof.
ijbjj iurhat, A space of time.
fj^ji Brahman, A Brahman. The Brah-
mans form the first tribe or caste amongst the
Oentoos or aboriginal natiyes of Hindostan.
(jf^ hari, Clear, free, exempted fromi
innocent, guiltless. SarrJ, Sylyan, rustic
External.
<L J hariyat, A desert, wilderness, i^^lii
And I said: By God! I know nothing but
what I told thee. Gird thyself, then, said he,
and take an axe and a rop, and cut firewood
in the desert, and so obtAin thy subsistence.
Jj^ hairld, A measure of four parasangs,
or sixteen English miles. A berid, yeredus,
courier, messenger, running footman.
^ji harrayn (dual firom^), The pro-
^J^^jji hisr'el'kettdn^
yinoes adjacent to the White and Black Seaa
(the MediteiTanean and Euxine).
jUj husidk, Spittle, saliva when spit out
(whilst in the mouth it is called ^Jj^
rlk).
jfj) hwr, Seed.
linseed. [stars.
i^ hoLitgh, Rising of sun, moon, or
I^ImJ hitdt, Carpet.
J Usahah, For that reason, therefore.
^\ii\ VdJb i^.^m}J^\, Then the
king was perplexed at his situation, and in
great fear, on discoyering that the coming of
the army was on account of this young man.
^\imj ho8idn, A garden for flowers or
herbs. js^\ w—-^ J^^lj J.i^ c/*r^
uXJUm« ijUj\ *{aU»j ^^j^^ 5«Xli:L«
^IimJI ^\ \^fp^y^t So each of them
dressed himself in the richest of his apparel,
and they went forth, followed by four slaves,
and repaired to the garden.
v^IimJ hottdnit A gardener. Belonging
to a garden, gardening. vJ^^^^^ idi^^U
^j^ ^J> J Aju:^i\ LAm , So the
^[ardener charged him to use the utmost caution
in concealiDg himself and he left him and
departed.
IxguJ hast, Expansion, extension, stretch*
ine out, spreading abroad, diffusing, enlarging,
widening.
^jtMtj hiimi (for ^ff^^,)» In the name of.
aU^ M*t^, In the name of God. t,*^^ a
And between the two slayes was a tablet of
gold, whereon was an inscription, which was
this : In the name of God, the Compassionate,
the Merdful.
la««yj hasH, Simple (in opposition to
compound). Single.
ij\Mj heshdrai, The announcement of a
happy eyent; joyfiil news; a present given for
good news. vlJo^t Jjj\ t^jJjlt vj:JUj
Ui
(57)
it'
Ui;^UJ\
i^ uXJl^ ijuJij ^^ji)f And
ihe «id : Obt wd, I derare of thee fhe preaent
ofthegBodfidiiigs. My aonl, when I heard
tbflK vonii, retvned tQ m j hody, and I re-
plied: Tbn ebalt reoeive firom me eTerything
^, Joviality, cheerfolness,
opemwBflf Muntenance, langhing, smiling.
^Liktkayr, Messengers of joyful news.
^ ktkar, 6i?ing joy, diffasing glad-
BM) Rjoidog at good newa. Relating news
in gooal, gw)d or had.
/1j haakar, Man, mankind ; mortals, the
biiBtt nee. [malignantly.
j^, Wtfm, Halicionsly malevolently,
j/j huksri, Hnman. Mortal, ^ij^
kikgriftl, Humanity, human nature.
jSjLi h§ikfir, A towel.
JLi MUr, A messenger of good news.
jj'<^ hudfr (pi. of ij:^)f Attention,
ndj, TigQanee.
jsi kur, Seeing, diaceming. The sight,
^i>«L The eje. Understanding, mind,
c^Kitj. Knowledge, science.
/u hoard, Intelligent (men).
'/^ or i^\ Bas$orahj The well-known
towioTBaiBorah.
l)^ toM^ The onion. The bulbous
toot of t^ lily, toHp, onion, garlic, etc
**» km, An interval ; distance between
tb extremitiei of the ring and the little fingers
\u ^^^^oC^. ^atab is the space between
tite middle and ring-fingers ; ^^j
fM between the middle and fore ; zi
^l)etween the index and thumb: -^Ja
lit^froa ^e thumb to the little finger; and
^ffmei the interval between any
two),
j^.^r, Seeing, perceiving, discem-
H> paetndng. Intelligent.
'jr^. hOrti, Sight, foresight, prudence,
i*^|Mt» attention^ watchMness, penetration,
(xaoB, areamspection, earefnlness.
4iU Ua^ (pL jJLflj), Goods, mei-
«^«afiie. iiiA..,li
\^
y
And I informed the king that this ship was
the one in which I had been a passenger ; and
I told him also that my goods had, arrived
all entire.
k^ hoi, A duck.
Jliaj hatial, Idle, vain, lazy. Fruitless,
empty.
JLilk) hatdlaL Idleness, leisure.
iLjUaj hiianat, The lining of a garment.
ZjUsj hiMyat, Slowness, heaviness, slug-
gishness. Stupidity of intellect. Tiresome-
ness, wearisomeness of manner.
^^j^i BatrUn, The ancient Bostrys, on
the Mediterranean.
iSiJa) hatrikiyiUf The patriarchate.
(jmIs^ haUhy Seizing, carrying away by
force, roshing upon with violence. Power,
authority, command, vigour, strength, stern-
ness, severity.
Jla^ hiUal, A brave man, a champion.
^jUlaj hUldn, Being unfounded, futile,
vain. Absuxdity, futility.
siaj hdum, The turpentine-tree and
firuit ; also a kind of greenish grain, of a
turpentine quality.
j^ a<i^». The belly. C^j^d^J^
Doth aught remain in thy vessel ? And he
said : Yes ; I have some goods in the hold of
the ship, but their owner waa drowned in the
sea.
jiaj hut'A, Slowness, heaviness,
^^oj hUdn, Bellies, interior parts.
^aj huti, Slowness, laziness, dullness,
JBatl, Slow, ^j^^ ^^J2)f Lazy by
nature. XJ^-sf 1 l5^' Slow in motion.
,^vla^ hatlkh (and i^ssrilaj), A melon.
^J^ batln. Large, prominent, gore-
bellied. The nickname of Aly.
ifuju ha^a^at, Precipitancy of speech.
Flight from battle or from an enemy.
^ ha^J, Cutting open the belly with a
knife.
J«
(68)
Jju ha^, After, afterwards, hitherto.
JkffiUl, But then, how, however (a
transition from one part of the sabject to
another, very common in letters).
Ujju, After that. ^JjIjju UJ^lUi,
la asaluhujiyima baf^ abdan^ I ahoU not ask
him any more. JLJI VdJb ^^^ l::^.^ J^
\^ cuJ>-^j i^^ J^ JoU, Thus
I continued for the space of a year, after which
I came one day into the desert, according to
my custom, and I wandered abont
Juu hu^. Distance. aSib ^Jl& Jj! *Jj
cT* ^^ lt" C^ !H>^' ^^v/
Juu , Thus I remained, until I walked
one day upon the shore of the island, when
there appeared unto me an indistinct object in
the distance.
l1^ JJuo ha^dEoltk, Afterwards.
iJM ba^hu, After, afterwards, then,
howeyer, after which or that.
ju ha^, The globular dung of animals.
Zijju baMkatf Scattering, dispersing.
Mtb^L^ju hi ^oidkirihim, With their
troops.
^^MJ ha^d, Some, certain ; sundry ; a
little. _iLJJl I ,aju . On a certain
night.
jfajib an nuaaiid ba^na ba^dan^ We ought
to assist each other. J-4^ u:..^li
*^ L5-b v^
d^^oMJ uu%^^^ ^^"Sjuj, And I hrought
back a load upon my head, and sold it for half
a piece of gold, part of which I expended in
food, laying by tne remainder.
Jju ba^l, A husband. A wife, who is
called also <Oju. The idol Baal.
CXJjo JBauMah, Balbek in Syria.
These beautiful structures, though replete with
interest and delifht, carry with them a
mingled feeling of humiliation and re^et:
hunuliation at the reflection of the transitory
greatness of all human conceptions ; and regret
that such proud relics of man's genius should
\tM) Um^IU J^ImJ ^\
- » y
be held by a people incapable of appreeiating
their merits, anii consequently needless of
their further and complete destniction.
^Uj 4^)1 ij\^ bi^ndffatillahi ta^ala\
" By the assistance of the great God.
fjoyu ba^d (or4i^), A gnat.
Juju ba^d, Distant, absent. Bemote«
(in point of relationship). ^ Juiu
L^\yA\, Far from right, unreasonable.
Jju ,.rC, From aflEir. Ju5U ,^, Not
feur off, near at hand. J^^J? ^^t^ls
lo ! it was the right way : they took that route,
and continued their course the same day and
the next night, until they had trarersed a wide
tract of country.
^tJUAJ bi^nihf, He, himself, itself.
iflL buffhat. Freraricators, tnuugnsson,
oppresson, tyrants, ruffians, rebek.
JUj b^hdl (pi. of Jij), Moles.
iAkj bagh&yat^ Extremely, exceedingly,
Tery much, immoderately, vehemently, dili-
gently.
iSM boffhtatan, Suddenly, unexpectedly •
CJ\fJ^ ^^, Has the archer shot me,
or have thine eyes P Thou bast destroyed the
heart of the enamoured on his looking at thee !
Has the notched arrow been suddenly launched
at me from the midst of an army, or from thy
window P
j\jju bagdddf Bagdad. This town has
from 70,000 to 80,000 inhabitants. It
suppUes Kosoul, Kermanshah, Hamadan, and
its goods reach even as far as Ispahan.
^jM buffhd, Hatred. ^Ji£>^ u^9 ^^'
cealed hatred. ^^^dxi baghd^ Zm),
baghdat, Hatred, hating, t^**^* o > U ;
LakJi] ls-Jlaj\j l|i, And she
Jfc
(69)
J^
koked tofteoglit and left, uid then ahut the
vindov, and dnppesred. Fixe had been shot
into Bj hoBty ma my mind was abaorbed by
her; mj blind of women was timed into
loTe.
J« k§Jdfj^ JUj and JU^l)i A mule.
^ kgh, Injastioey tyratiny, oppres-
"oon, ivlaea. Befeetion, revolt, rebeUion.
TnapoBBg the bounds of propriety, ezorbi-
Unif iBBodaite, insolent, oppresaiTe.
jM Ughmfw, pr. Without. J>>-«
H-§ktfn-Ukkm^ W^i&ont right or justice,
u;L>.^Jb 'luJ ^j^, And he raised
kk efn to hearen, and said : Praise be to
1W,0Lord, 0 Oieator, 0 Giver of all Goods!
Thoa dort rapply whom thon wilt without
nckoai]^!
, jUjj^l^Ui aLoAJ hfadlihi subhdnahu
r« tM^\ By the grace of God, by divine
hvcor.
Jikikmlh hakkat, A bog.
'«.* kfcd, Pennaneney, perpetuity, dura-
tisD, eontimiation, perseverance, steadineM.
;'i.*kUdr, A dealer in cattle, a driver,
fif Kid^, Places, parts, conntries,
tnctB, districts, regions. clO J Jcjii
^llaL j1 (.Ij^.^^-^"? , So upon this the
pnter was ccafounded, and he said within
"inidr: By God! this phwe is one of the
^aiot «f Paradise ; or is it the palace of a
bagoTBQltanF
J'i^ lakkal^ An oil merchant, a grocer,
> Todor of oils, pickles. [Balances.
ji; Mbdyd, The remains, fragments.
jiAi hkaiar. According to, with regard
^ ai to, in consideration of. jJm
^U».11, According to the exigency.
jifWsr, Oxen.
*/f Uaro/, A cow, an ox.
cr^ kii. The box-tree.
^j^ MUfvd, 8. t. (used in Arabic),
A &h of flaky pastry, sweetened with syrup
^ wttty, and cot i^ in rhomboidil pieces.
^ ioi^, A broad bean, a horse bean.
Jb hakam, Brazil wood. Log wood.
J^ Mtal, Herbs, pot-herbs. U.'« ji,>f
»U Ju^ iji}^\ f And whilst we were
npon that island, eating of its fruits and its
herbs, and drinldng of the rivers that were
there, lo ! there appeared to us an inhabited
house in the midst of that island, and we went
towards it.
Lib hakiyai, The remainder, rest, re-
mains, what is preserved or reserved.
tlio hegh, A bey, prince, lord, squire.
The son of a Pasha or high frmctionary. The
style of colonels, lieutenant-colonels, post-
captains, and commandjeiB, etc.
Mf Jfild, Weeping, crying. A com-
plaint, lamentation, exclamation. ^^5^^
Clii^LjJl ifijb, And he wept violently,
pouring forth tears, and recited the following
verses. ^JlJliUl ^t^jj ^ csJUi
JUi^mJ^ ICJ\ \dJb c, %»■■>, And his wife
said to him, Why dost thou weep, 0 my lord,
who made thee cry, and what made thee cry,
and what is the cause of this violent weeping P
ijMj hai&rat, Virginity.
i) bikr; A maid, a virgin, a girl. A
woman delivered of her first child. The
eldest, first-bom.
(JL^\/j hakar&t (pi. of ^), Pnllies.
iSj hukrat, The morning, the dawn,
the aurora. ^^^l>-. He came in
the morning. ^\ i/j ^\^\s^f
Thej came all together. They left nobody
belund.
i^jij hikri, Virgin, belonging to a virgin,
ij^ hakuriyat, Primogeniture.
Jj Jo/, Bat, yet, however, jjlkcl laii jj**J
^.^^ ^ ^1 Jj Jtfwlj <-J>li^ ly» fakat
a^omi kitah wdhidj M arhai Jnitby He not
only gave me one book, but four books.
jL
(60)
^
h hala^ A misfortune, trouble, t^ Jij Ji
LHj Udl J^ ^ ^.r^J. B^t they
could not do so. They resigned themselyes
to fate and destiny, and I submitted to God
with patient endurance of fate, affliction, and
misfortune.
h Ida, Without, beyond. Jl^^l L,
WiUiout delay. Jlf^l 3b, Without
neglect. j^\jh^ Immediately, with-
out delay. ^^ Hj, Without recom-
pense. i-^.--jLLliCas^ljUJ,/fmd«X
tadhak bila iabab. Why do you laugh without
cause?
Si) hildd, Cities, countries, regions.
Jj^U;
And I blamed myself for having undertaken
this Toyage, after I had been reposing at
ease in my abode and my country, in ample
happiness, and enjoying good food and good
drink and good apparel. (iI/Uj^ L/^J
Jl^\JL> ^ \jbj^ ^ U^, There is
not a country there better than our country :
every thing that is in it is better than what
is in any other of all the countries.
if Jib haladat, Stupidity, folly.
)oh halat. Level ground, a smooth pave-
ment of stones. A palace. [words.
<ti3b haldghat, Eloquence, fluency of
dJ^lb hakthat, Extreme stupidity.
\A> haktyd (pi. of lb). Evils, misfortunes.
JUj hMal, Anxiety, anguish, grief,
vexation.
JJb lulhuly The bulbul, a bird with a
melodious voice, a great favourite with the
Eastern poets ; the European bird which most
nearly resembles it is the nightingale.
Jj halah, Dates.
M halad, A city, town, district, pro-
vince, country.
JiA) hiUdn (pL of jJb), Cities. ^\
^U<o5b^]^l^U>;^J
I was enjoyinff a most comfortable life "and
the most pure nappiness, until it occurred tti
my mind to travel again to the lands of other
people, and I felt a longing for commercial
transactions, and the pleasure of seeing the
countries and islands, and gaining my subcds-
tence.
^Uj halasdn, The balsam tree. Balsam.
Balm of Gilead.
^L hal^, Swallowing, devouring. Ab-
sorbing. ^JjL^, The twenty-third
mansion of the moon fdiBtinguished by two
s^rs, the one bright, tne other fjeiint, as if
devoured by the other).
fjij hdghamf Phlegm, ^^j^^ halghaml^
Phlegmatic.
^^^fl^/flr,Crystal. ij^\^\ \^\ ^
l^ \y^ J\j>. i^\^ ^^ ^\J\
^Uy\ LZjfu ifjU^ ljb^i\9-y JlJU.
J-iJt 4ZjLIS[, ^^^)\, And they
went thence to Uie fourth chamber, where
they found closets, one of which they opened,
and they found it iiill of utensils for food and
^nk, consisting of various vessels of gold and
silver, and saucers of crystal and cups set with
brilliant pearls and cups of cameUan.
t^ haUut^ An acorn. An oak. «Ll
i^^, (The royal oak), a chestnut- tree.
i^J^ )s^'{^hQ ground oak), the herb
germander, chamiedrys.
^^ haUu^, A hole in the middle of
a house or cotirt, into which all kinds of filth
are thrown ; the mouth of a drain or oommon
sewer.
iyb hdAghf Arriving at any place, ob-
taining an object. ^^J-i^, halagJuml^
It reached to me (the news), I have been told,
I have heard. JU^^ ^^^ UL I.4JL
Uj
(61)
-^
I^UI, Aod when they had attained
to Bankood, ind vere both endowed with
erery tnfwripltfhmcpt, their fiither, when-
ent he ude a ymnuj, leated them by tome
ia die yi of iqdgment, and each of them
jodged tbe peo|M£ for one day at a time.
4i^ Uufkiffai, Paberty, the age of
nasoo. AttuamenL
L^^ hkk, 8.t (nsed in Arabic), A
fnooB, nbdiTiaon ; a oompany of in&ntry,
• iqaadnmofbone.
jyj kh^f An experiment, proof, trial,
taxfUM&mf affliction, dietma, aorrow.
jJj hM, A fftupid, simpleton, idiot.
w httyh, Eloquenty numerous, copious.
EfTeetoal, ejficacioaa. wJj ^J^, A
p^ tSifitf Tiat labour.
ili htUff^, Harm, evO, mishap.
^ JU imazd, With what ? with what
iastniment? c^^Ul f «3JMju-^ UUj
• . •
imkafaUtktM kasal iai, f^th what pnatra-
BCBt) UTe yon opened thia door ?
^j^' himuj^radf Merely, solely, only.
CC4£j j^ il&Ju^lS Id iuaddukak
^m^amd sa^mika^ I cannot beUeve yon on
pnr nece aaKrtion.
^ ^, An edifice, structure, building.
Construction. ^jLscUl ^-^^^^ /i-^
\»^ \jjs l^lyj jj^ Jt^^ He then
o^Q«cted ^ eaipentera, baild^ and architecta,
udieat them to that mountain, and they built
^ her an impregnable palace. 1:j
kndf An architect, builder. jUa^^Uj
Aicbiteet and builder.
^*'*^ hMat, Daughters. ^JJci] d^^liJ,
^ eomtdlation of the bear (as having the
itn leaitend, in oppoeition to the Pleiades,
vbere they cluster together). LZj\iJ
j^\ Daughters of the sea, syrens,
aolphina. l^U. ^ ^h Uiji\ Ul,
^.jUli
=^jJ^Jjy^V c;
^UiHl , As for the world, fall not into
its snares, nor cling to its sldrts ; for I possess
four thousand bay horaes in a stable ; and I
married a thousana princesses, of the daughters
of kings, high-bosomed nrgins, like moons.
^uLc'ljj, Therefore, wherefore, accord-
ingly.
ij:^ hint, A daughter, a girl, lii^w
hint and the (pi.) c:jI:j handt, are
frequently used with much elegance in a
variety of compound epithets; as, cs •*'»}
j^\ hint'dl-hahr, The daughter of the
sea (a sjrren, mermaid, or dolphin).
J^l cr^ hint qifahal, The daughter
of the mountain (echo). JJLS^\ \jl^
bint asAthifahf The daughter of the lip
(speech). ^Ji\ jjl^ hint al-Jikhr,
The daughter of reflection (prudence).
A,jQ\ \jL^ hint al-karm, The daughter
of the vine (wine). xj^J^^ ^^^f
handt al-ardj The daughters of the earth
(rivulets). ^j^\ LD\iJ, handt ul-^ffn,
The daughters of the eyes (tears).
^\cl^\:j, ^tfna^a/'bAtf, The daughters
of pastime (strings of a musical instru-
ment). JJJf lzj\:j handt dt-lU,
The daughters of the night (dreams).
'US\ diUj handt ul-md, The daughters
of the deep water (fish), j Judl^ c:.^Uj
hanat atsdir, The daughters of the breast
(cares).
.
^ hanj, Henbane, a soporific herb.
j*i^ handar, A city, an emporium; a
port, harbour ; a trading town, to which num-
bers of foreign merchants resort.
j^AiJ handak (pL J^.^^)i Bastard.
j^aij hinsir (pL^W), The ring-finger.
-tf****^ hanafsajf A violet.
<Uaa:j hinafiihi, In person, himself. In
essence.
^iicj hank (pi. di^). The bank.
yj hanU, Sons, posterity. Descendants.
i^yj hanawayy. Filial.
'^
(62)
_u banl, Sons. »J\ ^yj, The sons of
Adam, men, mortals. ^^
^J.
(^Is^ , And he had two huge wings,
and fonr (hands) amu ; two of them like those of
the sons of Adam, and two like the four legs of
fierce beasts, with daws. See^^,
hanikat, The gore of a woman's
shift. The npper orifice of a shirt, or opening
at the hreast
^Ljj hantdSf Paneas, the Gaasarea
Philippi of the andents.
^^L;j hunffdn, A wall, rampart, fEibric,
building, edifice, inclosure. ub ci^j^i
if jJl^ l^ ^ C^ J^y J^J] if ju^
^uLj, I saw a door, and I entered it,
and beheld a palace, strongly and beantifiilly
constructed, where I found a lady, like a pearl
of great price, whose aspect banished from the
heart all anxiety and gnef and afflictions.
JL:j hunyatf A structure. The constitu-
tion or construction of the human body.
^^|y hauwdb, A porter. ^\j) hawwdhah,
A female porter. i)\^ hawwdhai, A
gate. tl^J^^jy^lj^LjJlciJf^
^jJl C^Ul ^^U ^.^la. di:^
c-^1y ^ t/^i ^^^ the soldiers and
troops were unaUe to do so, and they said,
How shall we contend against him from whom
nothing is secluded, the Lord of the door that
hath no door-keeper F
j\y^ lawdr, Euin, destruction, perdition.
liaJ\y hiwdsitat, By the means of,
through* ^AkM*!! 9y**i ^(3um> ^u\f
UuKuitat Myyidnia ffaauf^ al moitlh^ Through
our Lord Jesus Chnst. [piles.
j^^y^ hawdilr. Hemorrhoids, emrods,
^Jff\y hawdtin (pi. and fern.). Interior
parts (of the belly, etc.).
\y hofod^, Causes, motives, reasons.
yj) huhhu, The pupil of the eye.
jy) bawr, Uncultivated (ground). 2fjj^
jy ^joJi\ hasiih aldrd hur, This land is
barren.
^y h^rak, Borax.
{j**y hd», and lL»y , A kiss, kissing.
jfy hukf A trumpet, clarion, hunting
horn.
J \jy haidlf A tankaid without a handle.
^y^y hnkalamUn, A camelion.
fjy hmcl, Urine.
/tji MUn (or 4^jj lumat). An owl.
i*^1 d^^ fjty ^^c^^ m«M4 1^1 , And
I saw a fish two hundred cubits long, whose
face was like that of the owl.
Ifj hahd, Beauty, elegance, l|i^ ^^/Mk^-,
Beauty and elegance.
\^ hthd, In (with, by), her (or it),
jl^ hahdr, Pimento.
jtA^ hahdjfm, Beasts, brutes, wild beasts.
^Is^ huhtdn, A calumny, lie, slander,
false accusation, malignant imputation, malevo-
lent suspicion.
A«r bolg'at, Gladness, joy, cheerftiliiess,
alacrity. ,»U^!lt _j Jj^\ \f^ ^\^
JU(, Ifu, \fji i^A) l|i--»*J c,,^^
l^jjl, Her name was The Bose in
the Calyces (or the Unblown Rose), and the
reason of her being so named was her exces-
sivedelioaoy of beauty and her perfect elegaace,
and the king was fond of carousing witn her,
on account of her accomplished manners.
^<^ bahl, Beautiful, elegant, graceful.
«.
<U^ hahipat (fem.), Beautiful (woman).
4«4m^ hahlmat, A quadruped, an animal »
wild or tame. X^j^Jl Ul Ji^^l^LJi^
Is altrudn lahu ^kl ammd MahimoA
faXoy Man has reason, a brute none.
^Li ftaydJ,'Whiteness. t— ftL)..»4J ^^sa\a
cJrJf- ^^J^\^ * ^)j^'^ v/i
(68)
t?rf
^;LJl, J^^\ iiiii Jlc ^, Bo
theatdmoniihed by those who before thee haye
been oofTend with dust, and hasten to enter
die mj of thj destination. Dost thon not
ne that fliT hoarinen is calling tliee to the
hoarin<
tomb, and tke whitenees of thy hair is invitin,
tbee to deplore tliy fate ? Bisware then an
fKftn thjidf for departure and for giving
acooinit
^Lj Vyyd^, A seller.
Irene.
ilA'O, And the city became re-
pe<^Ied, and the shop-keepers and sellers re-
earned their business of selling and buying,
and every one returned to his oocnpation, and
the iiUiidB became as they were at the fint.
^b hoyan, An explanation, declaration,
opodtioD, eridenoe, proo( iUnstration. Bela-
tia. Eloqueoee.
hayi, A hoose, edifice. A distich,
A closet. A family.
f'j^\ <d]t vju^ heytuUdMl-hardm, (The
kolj hooK of God) the Temple of Mecca.
JU11 i^^ heyUd-m&lj (The honse of
the treasure) the public treasury, ls^^^j
^Ul) heytul-mdljlf An officer who
takes eogniaaiiee of the estates of deceased
penoDs, or of spoils of war, and asseases them
for suocession dues. Uil yjz*"^ JBeit el
no. The GroTe of Dapbne. Daphne was the
ttme with respect to Antioch, as Baise was to
Itome, and Canopus to Alexandria — a place of
nrart for amnaement and pleasure. The senses
were gratified with harmonious sounds and
^i^naatic odours ; beautiftal were the walks, and
liiadea, and grottds ; beautiful the Syrian
*VBes who jesorted or dwelt there. At last,
ill vho had any fortitude or virtue ayoided the
?!•«. The eokuer and the philosopher ahunned
m tmpcatioos. NeTertheless, the groTes of
D^kaa eontinned for many ages to attract the
TQcmbn and to be the resort of natiyes and
■^n&gen: the pririlegea of the aacred ground
vers oilax^ by the munificence of aucceeding
cvpcron, and CTeiy eeneration added new
f>^>SM!Bta to the splendour of the temple. At
wtdbs Chiistians of Antioch built a magni-
Mt efaureh here, to Babylas, bishop of that
ctj, vho died in the penecution of Decius ;
t^ Tiles thenoefortii began to be neglected,
*B^.Uieniest of Apollo to forsake the place.
ima, the Apostate endeaTOurod to renye
the loye of paganism amidst the groyes of
Daphne. He yisited the neglected altars, and
resumed the sacrifices, and saw with morti-
fication and anguish that their reign was
oyer, their sun going down, and that mys-
terious yoice had gone forth in Daphne, as in
the temples of Greece—" Let us go hence."
One nignt the temple waa disooverS to be in
flames ; the statue of Apollo was consumed to
ashes, as also were the altara. Julian said that
the maUoe of the Christians had caused the
conflagration, the Christians said it was the
vengeance of God. See ^ J.
^f^^ heytntat, Passing the night in any
abode. * IfLicl ^J t^^^^jliuH cJ
4t Jl>. y Let destiny mn with slack-
ened reins, and pass not the night but with
careless mind ; for between the closing of an
eye and its opening, God changes one state of
tomgs into another !
jJuJ Mdar, A bam in which they thrash
or tread out com. A quanity of grain piled
up in a bam.
j^ hlr (pi. of jbl), A well, a pit.
^^^ hayrak, A standard, colours, ensign,
flag, banner.
Lxij haydd (fern, of ^ja^\ ahyad), White.
jjjlSl^ 'UuJ\ JuiiJ|^ c^jJl ^
So they entered the first chamber, and they
found it filled with gold and white siWer, and
pearls and jewels, and jacinths and precious
minerals.
^Li«j hiddn, White men (in opposition
to ^^ J^ sUddn, Negroes).
i^ haydah (pi. c:^l>4?j hayddt, coll.
^jo^^ hayd), An egg. ^jo^^ ^jJ^'i
Id tosh tori hoydf Don'tbuy eggs. ^^/^^
d^Lij ^j\%uMirl arha^ hayddt, Buy
four eggs.
^Ik^j laytdr, A horse-doctor, a farrier.
w^ hay^, Selling ; a sale. ^i^\ JuaJ^
mufiidalhay^, Eedhibitory. <Ufi^^AMi^
wJ\, mafiukhiyat id hay^, Eedhibi-
tion.
Jii
(64)
o-l;
ifui hay^at, Inanguration. £i^t, A
temple, a ChriBtian church.
«ILj hlkdr, Compass.
^^t^ Beyldfif The ancient Amana, a
large Tillage situated on a deep, narrow, and
elevated valley of the range of Mount Amanns,
at the distance of three hours' riding from
Alexandretta, and commanding a fine view of
the Mediterranean and intervening country.
The pass of fieylim, in the mountain, called by
the ancients PylsB Syriss. is celebrated in his-
tory as being the one through which Darius
marched his mighty army from the plains of
Assyria to the coast of Cilicia, a few days
before the battle of Issus. Upon its posses-
sion still depends all communication between
Syria and Anatolia.
^ hayn, Between, among. ^]^S1 ^,
Between equals. ^^jLJ\ ^j^, Be-
tween the two prayers. (jwUl ^,
Among men, among the people. ^^^
^ Jj , Between his hands, ^l^ J^^ t3*^
^LImJj il^'**} ay ittifak kan heinak tea
beinuhj What agreement had you with him ?
iXasT ]a»ay\ OjJJ^ M^^ (»^ij i:J*'*^^
UmIoc \»^ji cl^JJ, And Hassan stood
among them with girded waist, waiting upon
them, while they sported and amused tiiem-
selves, rejoicing exceedingly.
c:^l:.L hayyindtf Evident demonstrations.
^^o bayytnat, An evident demonstration,
positive proof.
UjmJ haynamd, In the mean time, whilst.
J-^r^^ cT* (^V^ t?j' LT^ ^'^^
I^Jlc L^yii^ , And as they were going
about through the different apartments of the
palace, and viewing attentively its attractions
and places of diversion, they came to a table
upon four legs of alabaster, whereon was in-
scribed
...
CJ|^ huyHt (pi. of vju^), Houses.
^^ jjj^ huyUnd^, s. t. (used in Arahic),
A governor's written order.
LZJ ta, The third letter of the alphabet,
expressing 400 in arithmetic.
^\j tdhi^, A subject, dependent, fol-
lower.
^y^^ tdhi^H, Followers.
cijylj tdhut, A coffin, a bier.
j\j\j tdt&r, A Tartar, a Scythian.
y 'I? taasiur, Following, tracing, imitating, '
following close. Being affected, grieved, vexed. |
J)*\j taoAr, Penetration. Making an
impression, leaving a mark, passing through. I
Affecting, producing an effect ; an affect
CjLJ'Ij taoArdt, Impressions. The '
penetrating influences of the stars.
^Iji tdj, A crown, a diamond.
^Ij %ir, A merchant. <^b iX^j^
Jjcjc^ \yb, And he passed hy the
door of a merchant, the ground before which
was swept and sprinkle^ and there ^e air
was temperate.
^'\j taakh'khur, Delay. Being re-
tarded, postponed, following, or being followed,
cominglate.
>.*lj taakhkhi, Being hrotherly, be-
having like brothers.
^*\j taakhlr, Delay, procrastination,
postponing, impediment, hindrance. 2b
^^-£^.•17, Without delay.
Ci^J'ljf taaddub, Instruction. Being in-
structed (in literature, politeneaSy etc.).
j\j ^J u^^ ^^ cr*^^ *^*^^ V
Were it not for his accomplishments and admix
able faithfulness, he had not been invested irit]
authority in the abode of kings. What a
excellent ^uard for the hareem is he ! On ac
count of his beauty the angels of hearen wa
upon him !
i.^J*lj iaadlhf Erudition, inatmotioi
• ••
Correction) chastisement, amendment.
^ J'l7 taadiyat, Causing to arriye, senc
ing, despatching, leading, carrying. Perforr
ing a promise, paying a debt.
J-b
(06)
^
j]j Air, BetiEi&n (lUb for fife).
i^b tint, A time, a ti»ii. Onoe, (me
time. SoBMtmieB. i^lj jm ij\j, Time
afttttae^oABtiiiiei^freqpieiidy. »
vl/fl? <ifi^ Leenng, deeerting.
^yU tiritk, A bistorjy ohronicle ; a
eiloifar, 8% epoch, the date of a letter or
0ve8l To ncoid ia history. iJJtj
^ OJL^; («^l u^f By the
J^ulity ! 0 TooO. I wQl 4e t]Me aa ei^ oC
■WW for which I ahall be remembered, and
* tKnm whkh hirtoriaiw ahafl record mm! keep
tothecadoftuML Then he fat and eoATencd
»itkiam. [^ew.
^;b Muly Freeh, tender, young, green,
t-t <ai^, The ninUu ^^^ j^Ult jejj
;|^, The ninth day of the month.
LrQ taoMMif, Sighing, grieving, la-
■odip^, benoeniagy gromixig, regrettiiig,
ina^ or broodii^ orer affliction. A agh.
^ vhoi her eiitera heard her wordf, they-
*9| bj reeeoD of the lioleoce of their lorrow
far him, tad ieid to her, Yerily, he if exciiaable.
jJb
sH*^^
:! alj,«i*^1.. Then
'J'
|ieiiteed a bud cry, end said: Oh myregret!
^BjdiamQiittmeiit! He waa Tcry afflicted,
wftraek hand upon hand, and laid: Oh my
tntf! What iat&a affair?
^'b UuuU, Poondation, etahOily,
^'^ tMitd, Constitution. Being oon-
Snud, rtRDgthened. Gonflrmation.
'^'''J<«a%; Union, society, friendship,
^eqMtance. Bmg united, avociated, oon-
»«H joined, fiunilurized.
f^'^J imkm, Gfirf, pain, torment.
J^ (dA, Coneeqoent, following.
^ tf ioe^ A composition, publioa-
i%l7 <dflMi, Bntire, complete, peifeot.
fjA^\j iaamfdf Contemplation, reflection,
meditation* Lac; Ut^ \fj\s^ J^tj J
•^ v/?i -^ V^^ Li^ ^*^ ^
4iAAi ciuaiiV. A^ 1JJJL&, And then
he examined with his e^ea the wiitinff, and he
fonnd It to be that of hie daughter; wnereiqpon
he went to her- mofter, weeping Tielently, to
that his beard was watted.
^'U taamln, Giving a feeling of con-
fidence and secority; to impart Ml confidence.
ij*\3 taatmi, D^j, hesitation. Slow-
"nees. Patience. To delay, protract, defer,
hecitsta. To eo ahmly, deliberately, or ^
tiently to work. To condact bnsineas with
care, skill, and industry.
mJ*\7 ta09^, The feminine gender,
iJ'l; ^eonltf. ICaking ^miliar, tame,
domesticated. Taking a human body.
Jj^Hj taawil, Explanation, interpreta-
tion. Putting a peculiar meaning or construo-
tion on wovds, explaining differently.
u^^lj iaahhitb, Being prepared, ar-
ranged.
jX'l; taahkuJ, Taking a wife; to become
a married man, to marry.
c^l? tOyh, Being penitent, repenting.
J^^l? iaayidf Corroboration, confirma*
tion, increising in strength. Assisting.
C^l^'l; taajfldat, Assistances, dime
&TOUrB.
J<^LJ tabddul. Changing, transposing,
transition, conyersion, alteration, permutation.
,---iUj iahdshlr, H^ppy tidings, agree-
able intelligence, gooid news. Chalk, day,
plaster, mortar.
S&ifj iabd^ud, Distance, separation, ab-
sence, mutual retiring or receding.
jjjLJ tahai/un, Being separate, distinct
from one another.
J-^ iahfil, Extolling, magnifying.
rendering illustrious or noble, honouring;
treating with great respect [ments.
'^^^j^yV t<'J>jll^t^ Ceremonies, compli-
jk^ tabahhur, Being profoundly learned.
^\ ^ j^\j ^j^\ ^^
,iSi\
i^JLU\
(66)
Study ii my oocupatioii, and to leam and to
initiato myself in soienoei if my exertion and
my loTed pnnmit. All my itore ooniiats only
in words, whose mafic power I wield in prose
or Terse, to frame whatever my lipa rehearse.
js^ tabakhkhur, PerAuning one's self.
^>^j W^ T*"^ ^^^— ^J ^^^^ (^
}j»a^^ H-^^^U S^o then arose,
and attired herself in the most magnificent of
her apparel, and havine perfiimed herself, and
dung on my own sword, opened the doors of
the palace, and went ont. [anything.
tahkhir, Diffusing odour, perfuming
JJuj» tabaddud, Dispersion, dispersed.
J Ju7 tahaddulf A change of any kind.
iZJij^J tahadduldt, Changes, alterations.
Jj JuJ tabdld, Dispersion, scattering.
^Ju7 tahdl^, Calling one ^Jcu^, an
innoYator or propagator of new opinioni.
JjiXJ iahdll, Change, substitution,
alteration, transposition. [ete.).
LzJil^Xfj .tabdlldt. Changes (in ministry,
jjuji taHlr, Dissipating, spending pro-
digally, lafishing away.
j0j tihr, Oold or silver just from the
mine, before it has felt the fire or the hammer.
Fragments or particles of gold or glass; shining
substances found amongst brass, orichalc, or
other minerals. j0sl\Jij, The country
of gold or gold dust, that part of Africa called
the Gold Coast.
jjj tabarrur. Being just, pious, worthy.
^^^c^Jj taharUtanf A province of Persia,
the ancient Hyrcania.
c j^ tahwrru^f An act of donation, or of
attaching something to any property '
main, without an intention of claindnj
for it.
«J^ taharkuc, Hiding the face with a
veil or other covering.
cJ^ tabarruk, Benediction, congratula-
tion, felicitation, the blessing of God. Blessing,
praising.
jj^ iabridf Cooling, refreshing, per-
mitting to grow cold. [innocent.
jjjj tubrir, Justifying, declaring one
in mort-
g payment
A rr
jj0j iabrVtf Congratulating. Con-
gratulation, flotation. [exempt.
^jfj tabriyah^ Freeing, making free or
M.M^mJ tttbauum, A smile, a simper.
y^\ i^Xai ^^j L<^ J-^ i^\^n%\
• s^Ut ^Jlc fj:^\^t And the master of
the house smiled and said : Enow that thy
name is like mine ; but 1 desire that thou lettest
me hear the yerses that thou wast reciting
when thou wast at the door.
tahshlr, Communicating good news.
tabatbut, Adulation, flattery,
blandiihment, caressing, cajoling.
tdbauur, Considering with atten-
tion, contemplating, understanding, peroeiyiiig.
yoOjJ To give attention, i^'^y^, cuJl&i
And she said : O, my lord, there is no profit in
weeding. The right opinion is tikis : that ire
consider (endeavour attontiyely) to oootriTe a
plan by which to protect thy honour.
JJa^ tabtll, Abolishing, annihilatiDg.
^ji^iaJ tabtin, To line (a coat).
^J iaha^, Following, attendance. Being
followed, attended. 1 1 % ir ^ 7 ^
JujJmiJI, I got up immediately, and
followed her until she had left the palace, and
passed through the streets of the city, and
arrived at the city gates.
^/aSuj taba^^, To be cut in pieces,
divided into parts. [obedience.
i^juj iab^f^at, Following, imitation,
OuiwJ tab^idf To remove, to cause one
to go farther off. [portiona.
l/a^j^ tab-^d, To part, divide intc
tabghld, Bendering odioos.
u^
i£«-%»LJ tabklty Terrifying, reproachiii^
rebuking, repelling, rejecting. ^^V^^
r^
(67)
Wr
CfL*j f^^ uJlc. j,^^ |»|iC, Now
wheoera great penona^ of eminence and
men of foitime lued to many me, my father
w woDt to iQenoe and repel them, and to
dedbie their adTuoea and their presents.
jS^ tdbtir, Making haste. Doing any-
tUng bdbre the ocdinfiry time. Setting ont
befen (ky-tneak.
^Jj (M^f Canaing to swalloWi ponr-
ing down the throat.
^Sj Mlgk, Sending (letters, compli-
oati, etc). Causing to reach. Informing.
l>U\jiiL.J] vl^ M\j\ U,, For
he will came thy oonntry to become a desert
m wfaieli the nrea shall croak. Thus I hare
delmfed to thee the message. Peace be with
thee! jKjLI ifj-».jj^» <d c-JUi
^\, ^yji JJU^ >U.< J,\jj'i
Jbd the old woman said nnto him : By thy
jooth, I most risk my Ufe for thee, and enable
thee to attain thy desire, and accomplish for
thee that which is in thioe heart
JJLJ tdbhly Bathing, making very wet.
^ tihn, Btraw.
J^ taiimnlf Adopting or calling one
' itm.
J^ iabuipfd. The act of easing nature
by psKiDg oiine, to make water.
<wv^ iabwlkf Arranging by chapters,
to irrao^ in chapters.
^Lj tahydn, A declaration. Appearing
<]istiii£t, making clear.
ijo^ Uibyld, Making white. ^j^\^
\J^\f And ordered them to white-
^k that palace, and to decorate it with various
kindi of paintings.
jw tchyiln^ Declaration, explanation,
i^lfiitration. Separation, distinction.
^w totalm^ Continuation. Being un-
jnterrvpted. [Completion, ending.
immatf An appendix, supplement.
^ . MwlM, Completing, satisfying^
ending. i^^aj^\ (JJcls^^*'^ masht'
hatak atan tammatf Tonr business is now
completed.
^yJ tatttlj, Crowning, coronation.
c:>ijJJ ttuhit, Eendering firm, fixed,
stable.
JifftAij tofkll, Overloading, oppressing.
CXJlc^^Ui^]! Id yasak kiluna ^ylaka,
They shall not molest you (oppress yon).
ci-^ji^ ^/i#, Doing anything in threes,
tripling, diyiding into three eoual parts,
avowafof belief in the Trinity. Tne Tnnity.
^jjff^iiJ tatmin, An octagon. Eight-fold.
An estimation of the price.
^U^ toiniyat, The dual number. Putting
in the dual number. Making two, doubling.
Marking the final letter b with two
points, if, and giving it the sound of t
instead of h. Imputing, ascribing. Praising.
c-^jlar tajdzub, Contending together,
pulling one another about
j\atr tujfdr, Merchants. cUis»-l (J^=^
jlsaJ\ mahal ijtimd ^ttujfdr, The
rendezvous of the merchants, the exchange.
. Vflf^ S""^"/* wflr^i tujfdr, A commer-
cial ship, jl^l ^^ khdn uttujjdr^
A commercial building. jl^tS^ j^
tuk utttyjatj The bazaar of the merchants.
jlacT ^UiM^ jam^yat tujfdr, A meet-
ing of merchants to consider or discuss any
commercial a£fair. j^^^^ W^^^
majlU uttiyjar. The court of commerce.
(^j\af^ tajdfib, Experiments, proofs.
iij\ssr tijdrat, Merchandise, traffic, trade,
commerce.
i^^laT tujdrrl (fem. ^^las^ tufdrtat).
Belonging to merchants or to the trade.
Sj\s^\ (^/wls^ mqflis attffdrah, The
court of commerce, sjj Usr ejt \j ^y U
kaifun namah tt^riyaht The code of commerce.
ir^l^lJl [jtXss^ jio\j ndzir majlia ulti-
jarahj The president of the court of commerce.
^larc^«:;C« maktuh tujdrl, A com-
mercial letter.
j>^\ser tajdiUTf Boldness^ firmness.
J«? (68)
^ , I am perplexed respeotiDg
his case : for if I giye orders to kill bim, it
will not be ri^ht ; and if I leate him, he will
increase in his boldness. Write to him a
letter, rejoined the old woman, and perhaps he
will be restrained.
tii\efrtqfdhid, Fighting or fenoisg, strik-
ing one another upon the shield.
J^Wr tafawuiLf ExtravagaDoOi insolenoe.
An offensive and defensive treaty.
^}jb\sfrU^ahult Pretended ignorance. To
feign ignorance, to play the simpleton.
l|li UJj Iflc JtoWa J^t ^^
\Li^\ ^U ^ yJoi^\> The old
woman began to affect ignorance to her, and
proceeded to divert her with talk until they
both approached the place where Taj el Malnk
was ooneealed.
jfoer iafahhur, Pride, hanghtineBs.
JtXfisr tafaddud, Innovation, noTeltj.
JjiXaT tqfild, Benewing, renewal.
jl^asT tqfdlr, Being attacked by the
small-pox.
Jl*Xssr iajdif, Being nngratefhl for the
blessings of God; blaspheming whilst enjoying
them. [ment, a prooL
^jOfT tqfrthai, Experience, an expezi-
m
Jjjsc^ tajridf Separation. Drawing, un-
sheathing (a swoid). Lopping the smaller
branches (leaving the trunk naked).
m
^^JB^ iajtim^ Condemning in a fine.
a^ tafointd, Incarnation, incarnate*
tafatnu, Searching carefully,
examining, exploring, playing the spy.
m m
JMsT tajfa^-atd, Being curled (locks or
beard). [stem.
tilexr tqfalludf Being stubborn, obstinate,
j;Iar tq/alluk, Opening the mouth wide
(when laughing).
^'Sf* tafalli, An apparition with splen-
domTy transfiguration, lustre, brishtnoso, bril*
Uam^. Poliuiing, making sploimd, adoning.
Bendeiing eyidenty clear, manifest
^ L5- V o'
V
v:i^j-i1y And warning by public ex-
amples has been dear and evident for thee,
but thou wast blind to it; and truth demon*
strated to thee, but thou hast controverted it;
and death suggested to thee, but thou soughtest
to forget it: tnongh it was in thy power to do
good, thou hast not done it.
iqfM, The binding up of a book.
tqfammu^, Being collected care-
fully. Being assembled from all quarters.
ijiisfr tqfummul, To adorn one's self, to
make one's self beautiful. cL^^-^iA^els
jjJL^\a^i^
U^JU .Xii\
when I grew up, I put my hand upon the
whole (of the property^ ; ate well ana drank
well, assooiatea with the young, made myself
beautiiul by wearing handsome apparel, and
walked with my friends and companions.
CijLisf::* tafammuktt, MoTables, house-
hold Aimiture. A collection of whatever tends
to comfort^ convenience, or luxury,
m
tafmldf Congealing.
tqfml^, Ooileoting, assembling.
tqfmll, Adorning, embellishing,
beautifying, executing properly.
L- '^v^ tafanntih, Betiring, declining,
being absent.
,^^:^%(9nnf. Accusing falsely. Seeking
** a pretext to injure another. [Mer.
tqfnU, Laying^ a corpse upon a
tqfnU, Equivocation. Besem-
blance.
clasT tajamou^. Starving one's self,
bearing hunger voluntarily, abstaining pur*
posely from rood.
jl^ tafwU, Permission. Approbation.
' ta^l^ Starving one to death.
(69)
ubyir* fgftafi Hollowiiig» making
PODCftTB.
J<ff* UjtS^ Amngiog, adorning. To
tuaetnanny. ^^ AjJjJ «_>\jj1^\j
Aad he odered his miniflten of state to pre-
ptn (kemielTeB for tiie jomney, and to ^t
mdf hit luggage, ana ererything which
in^ht be nqpired in such a drcomstanoe; and
MBoidiBi^y thej oommenoed tike prepantionB.
\j^ tt^if^yuah, Being collected, em-
bodied (an anay). Being greatly agitated (in
aifld).
OjIs^ Uthddus, Gonversingy telling
stories, relating. ^Is. WL^ \j\j Lei*
And vhen fliey aaw Saleh in this state, they
Hid to faim. What is the nem ? He therefore
told them his story. And it was his mother
vho had sent them to his assistance.
V^U^ tahdimhy Fighting together.
XilaT ta^dtudf Snrying one another.
^^ tahdthl, Witbdrawingi abstain-
'ing from; to keep one's self dear o^ to ayoid.
|i^W? Ukdkum, Going together to a
JQ^ge. Power, dominion.
w^lo^ tahdUtff Conspiring together,
eoteringioto an alliance, forming a confederacy.
jj^ tahdumr^ Carrying on a dialogue.
ih-u1fl^ UkUyfy Barities, elegant presents.
\jr^ tahahhu. Imprisoning, confining,
Mtrttmng.^ Being imprisoned, confined, re-
one's self.
taU, Under, below. 4Ji]i!!c:.
Bekw the caaOe. i\ ijibyr i-::^J^
^^•Jo\o\jjJ\ ij\i J3]ji jjj CJ1^\
f^^\ JJ^j jtb^ OyJi\ f\jui\ VJU^
l»L.:jIf ^Jus , And Joharah looked at
^ bng, ad saw ham to he Uke the ftill moon
^te it makes its appearance from behmd the
bis^ donds^ of elegant staiore, comely in his
■^ ^y u/ tr* «-*^^ *jJ ^'j
l^ hsjiS J(«&|i U«U dU^Jj f![J^\ Ui
i^\
! were it
yj \,ii^.<^ ^, By Gk)d
not tiiat I fear on acconnt of my father heing
a captive with his uncle, I had slain him.
May God recompense him ill ; for how nn-
fortnnate was his coming nnto ns, all this
difltorhance haying been effected on his account.
(Jl:;^^ tahtdnl^ The inferior, the lower
**part.
jsr^ tahajjUTt Petrifying, becoming hard
as stone. Being heaty, severe. Being straight,
dose. Bdng strong.
(J'i^sr^ tahjtl, Having the feet white (a
horse) ; also making them white by art
Jjj^a^ UMtld, Describing or prescribing
limitB. Defining logically.
jiiat^ toMr, Threatening, patting in
fear. Admonishing, cautioning, prohibiting.
(jMjs^taharrut, Taking care of one's self.
i^Jjo^ taharruf, Being changed, inverted.
Declining, taming from.
taharruk, Being burnt. Being in-
flamed with rage. <»^lJ ,J^p^ Jj
• ilii^^Uc J^lli*^i lit Jjlj
^LSijl:.^*
•r *
J-Jl ^y^^\ .
* c|yA4J ' k^^»JL4\ J<m ♦ Uj , Fortune
has compassionated' my case, and felt for the
length or my torment and bundng, and granted
me what I desired, and remoyed that which I
dreaded. I will therefore forgire her the
offences she has committed in former times,
eyen the injtBtice she has shown in turning
my hair grey.
taharruk, Moving (xntrans.).
y^^arto^r. Writing accurately. Manu-
mission. Letter*
\jija^ tahriran, Written, dated, given.
^joljss^ tahrtd, Instigating, exciting,
proyoking. [latiyea.
c:j\^ja^ tahf^ddt, Provocations, stimu-
iahrif, Changing, inverting,
transposing (letters). Changing the sense of
any writing by slight literal or yerbal altera-
tions ; tampering with writings. An anagram.
ll^\aj^ tahrifdty Changes. Anagrams.
CJ^jO^ tahirlkf Causing to move. A
oommotion, moTemenU
(70)
r^
•i/^ loiriMy Piolnbitiiigy interdictiiig.
Rendering TeneraUe or acred.
mi m
t t'^^r^ idkaonib* Beuut anembled tn-
anltnoiiily.
^JaT iaAsiM) Making aontywfbL
to^MMr, Condolence^ r^rettingy
Lamenting niih deqiur.
^otoii. Approbation, applaoae.
C,'::
(oAtAiyoi^ Trimnung the edge of
a garment with fringei, iMe, etc Making
marginal notes to a book. Making a border
or margin.
tuhmumn^ Betiring to a fortress.
Defending one's aelf. ^bt^jAcf J^U
jjju ,Jlc i»lb]l, If I employ not some
stratagem with him, whereby to defend myself
ftt>m him, he will gain poeseoion of me, and
attain his desire ; ror he is in lore ; and tiie
lover, whateTer he does, is not to be blamed
for it. - {tion.
takal^ Collection, gain, acquisi-
tahsin, Fortifying, defending,
sorronnding with a wall.
j^has^ tahattum, Being broken.
uJfi^ tuhaf, Presents, yalnable gifts.
•• sv
^Jta^ tuhfat, A present. Excellent,
rare thing, worthy of being presented.
]aia^ iahaffia, Being vigilant, cautions,
guaiding.
fjAs^ tahakkukj To know positively,
witiiont any doabt, to be sore of, to be assured
that . . . 4^;-f^JL*J u^l L^ I^UJ
sl<\i\ Ua-^r* ^yu^ U JCj: u-^Jf:^
jf)^ ^JL^j^ , And then they said to
her : Thou knowest the hieh place which thou
hast in our estimation, anoart acquainted with
our affection for thee, and thou art assured
that thou art the dearest of all persons to us,
and art certain that we desire for thee comfort
without trouble or toil.
UMUr, Treating with contempt
and insult. To contemn and insult.
If^toT tokMnmj Contemptaonsly.
fjJ^ iM^ Tmth, certainty. Pro-
ftssion, acknowledgment. Makxngright, inst
tma; inyestigating the tntlu To connrm
attest, profess. ^^nJi ^\ CJi (Jas>^\
Jc2d^j^\ \^ ^, akMik lakannoh
UUfi ktaS *l-^nmr kkatar, I assure yoa there
is no danger in this matter. JJbp^ ^
Verily, indifference to the world is the most
appn^priate and the most sure course.
Ujjgr* idkklhmf Certainly, verily.
fJlJfKkJLs^ takkUOLt, Tmths, certainties.
A^ocT tdhakkum^ An excessive or anwar-
rantable assumption of authority. )t^
u
Z^\j\^\
]3J
• 1
^^•i/t, I will endure with patience,
(J my lord, what thou hast ovdered : I will be
patient, if bv doing so I may obtain thy bless-
ing. They haTe tyranniied over us, and op-
pressed us, and acted unjustly towards ub:
mayest thou, in thy loring-kindness, foigive
our past transgressions.
aUhT UihaUum, Being pati^it, mild,
* gentle. Becoming fht andompulent (a child).
i^^ssT fahaUl, Adorning with bracelets
and other female ornaments.
ii^ ^
i.SAst^ kMif, Exacting an oath.
..WS« ^.4jLU, i^L^\j\^\^ ii^^\
xOjo, Then the king summoned the
wezeer, and the princes, and the lords of the
empire, and the great men of the kingdom,
and made them swear by a binding oath that
tbey would make his son king oTer them after
him.
JJior tahM, Making lawftil. Marrying
a thrioe-dirorced woman (beyond that it is
unlawful).
^jAa:^tdhammulf Patience, long-sufferii^g.
iSi^^ecr tahmll, A load. Imposing a
burthen.
Ur
(71)
^jo^ Ukmmoij Affeetioo, love, pity.
)^^»ar UkM, Burying (dead) vith
odomt.
J^ idkMDwid^ BeiDg changed^ oon-
nrtad. MoTing from pUoe.
L^ Uhoit^ Sanounding with a fence.
GoiBf noad. ReTolnng.
Jj^ taAwi/, Change, renovation, re-
tsm, the chinge of the moon. To change,
tan, Rtani, reToWe.
cJlifCtahwildi, BoTolutions, etc.
oCar UJaydt^ Salntations, etc. (pi. of
^^ac* tah\yat\ A salutation, compli-
ment, congratulation, prayer, henedic-
don. i,t^\ jju, After compliments.
ijy «^\J ^\jil\ MyU, vV^^«^W
JU^t ^y^ UuS L=JU JL.pi
jbL^j ^LCJl ^^^ a^l^b IfjW
/*1LJI^ czjLfdJf, 0 my nurse, what
is the remedy for derire ? lU remedy, an-
svered the, u an interriew. An4 how can
tbtt he ohiained ? asked she. And the other
replied. By correspondence, and ffentle words,
■sal by many compliments aoa salutations.
«U«^ ^^, And when she came into
bis pnsenoef she kissed his hands, oompU-
mettted him with the most conrteons words,
>ad gaTe him the pAper, and he read it and
oadoitood its meaning.
■ ■
«x*<aA«jfyiir, Astonishment, amazement.
To sstoaish, to snrprise, to confound the mind.
^jk^^J^9 How often have I en-
dored &tigne and toil in my early years ! I
bsve pemmed aeren Toyages, and eaoh Toyi^
bsi a wooderfhl tale that would confound the
na^ and aU that (happened) by fate and
May, and from that which is written there
is BO escape nor flight
c^^ takhdMt DeoeiTi]^ each other.
fC>\a^takh&iu^ Mutual deception.
A«tflar^ iakhdium, Altercating, being at
Tariance.
i^\ti^takhdluf, Opposing, beingopposed.
^UaC^ takhdnah, Thickness, coarseness.
m
takhblr, Giving information, ad-
vising, imparting, communicating, certifying.
TeUing. ^^ IXp- ^J^ iju^iy UU
is\Ji\ ndJb _3 vlC«i^i^, And when
I had finished my tale, I said : I entreat thee
by God, 0 my master, that thou be not dis-
pleased with me : I have acquainted thee with
the truth of my case, and of what has hap-
pened to me, and I desire of thee that thou
inform me who thou art, and what is the
cause of thy staying in this chamber.
z^'^aer takht, A royal throne, a chair of
state, a seat, a sofa, a bed, or an3r piece raised
aboTC the ground for sleeping, sitting, or re-
clining. The capital, the royal residence.
^]^ vji^^a^, A travelling-bed, a litter.
m
takhtlm, Sealing welL
takhjil, Causing to blush. ^
cT* J^ (^5^J V^!^ l/**^^ ^J^
When she looketh aside, she putteth to shame
the wild cows and the gazelles ; and when she
walketh with a yacillating gait, the willow-
branch is enyious; and when she displayeth
her countenance, she confoundeth the sun and
the moon, and captiTateth eyery beholder:
she is sweet-lipped, and tender in disposition.
^^J^flkr iakhdlthj Grating, scratching,
excoriating. To grate, graze, scratch, excoriate.
Jj«X5^ takkal, Despising. Bendering
despicable, disgracing.
jJaT takharrukf Being torn, pierced
full of holes. luTentiog a lie.
o3^ iakhrib, Devastation,destruotion.
takhry\ Instructing in learning
'and politeness.
J*?
(72)
A. •,
tMuihkkiuhf Soimdingy nut-
ling (as armi, papers, silks, dij laayes, -eto.),
^/uatT iakhoihihu^, Hnmbliog jMne's
sel( beoomiDg or being humble.
^jMijss^^takhashshun, Becoming rough (in
habit, fiuse, ooayenation, or mode of life).
^^jiAdir^AfAfii, Exasperating. Making
itnigh or thick.
fjo^toar ial^U, Appropriating, retain-
ing, reserving ibr one's self. Determining.
«^«aair^A4K2f^^,Beinghambled,hamble,
sabdned. [rerdant
iaihdlrf Tiffalring green. Being
taihatiuf, Seizing, oaxrying off.
^Ja^ taihaUl, Tranagreasing, having
gone beyond bonnds. Erring, blnndering,
offending slightly. Inmnting a fianlt to
another, and reproaching him for it.
)aJba^takhtlif Writing, painting. Order-
ing one to write, or to draw straight lines.
Wearing or marking elotii with stripes. Draw-
ing linea. ♦^^Jui kW;. [^ y<i^ lJ^
* ^r^' i:)^^ ^^9 utr^^ r^*-»
Inanire of my letter what my pen has written,
ana the chaiactefs will acquaint thee with my
transport, and angoish, and sufferings. My
hand -is tracing the letters while my tears axe
flowing, and my longing complaineth of my
Bofferings to the paper: my tesn cease not
pouring u^n the paper ; should thcT stop out
of exhaustion, tears of blood will replace them.
takhfiff ICaking Ugbty raising,
lifting up.
takhaOu^, Being disjointed^ Bepa-
rated, scattered, dispersed, dissoWed.
v^iLacr talehalhif, Bemainiag bdii&di re-
tiring.
^JloT iaiUlh, Setiring, abandoning,
** leaving empty or alone.
JLlor iaJMiyait Yacating, leaving empty.
To let. u^t ^^J^fito^Avil oi^
Let me write, jaii UU.. thaUmA
nmrnmr, Let oa aee. CS^\ Jar J '
|J^t J^b, ta UMM «fMi ytktm mi \
AmImn, Don't let your son take the pen.
JulfiSr ^ffiWIJ,Uakingperpetaal, etemal,
immortal. i
^^foAa^iaiUiiB, Making, or being made,
free and exempt from any impurity, in, or
defeet To sare.
^Aa^McUitf Mixing, eonfbanding, dia- '
tnrbing, peiplexing any business.
iaJMUf B^mo^ring, drawing from.
iakhltf, Appointing a aabatitate.
Learing behind.
iaiUiffah, An emptying, evacoa-
tion. To empty, to eracuate.
iukhnuA, Cormption of meat in the
stomach. Indigestioii.
iakkuimiUr, YeOing one's self.
Wearing a Tcil.
UMnOtf Oanaing wine, etc, to
ferment Fermenting of the materials for
^ugh or other compounds.
takhmUf Dividing into five
Making a pentagon, or anything of
▼e angles.
takkmln, Conjectore, opinion.
Kstimating, judging, valuing.
\'nf4^ssr iaihmfmtn, By oonjectnre or
guess, nearly, about, more or less.
Js^ *M^ Strangling.
/^ykr tukkom^ Limita, bonndariea.
* ^ taih^f. Terrifying, threatening.
Jj^or ialdMil, Giving poaaeeriony grant-
ing a request, giring one a preference to cithers.
^ySsT takht^n, A<»nBing 6i treachery.
JmaT iMayyulf Imagination^ Ibacy.
Supposing, judginff (with doubt). Thinking
taimy of one's sell To imagine, to suppoae.
\3^f jrfj J*Br) Vr* **** ^^
^ ^j , Know, 0 illiutrionB prince
tjj
(73)
? . ••
that tidf dinsel is a body tkniiilly embalmed,
ind her ejei have been taken out after
teh, and qmdoaver has been pat beneath
thflo, after whieh they hare been restored to
their pbees; so flie}r gleam; and whenever
Ac ijr potteth them in motion, the beholder
irnipd that she twinkles her eyes, though
ihevdeid.
^"Ca^ fa£UgryM^ Imaginations.
^r'^i^ tdkfihf Depriving (of hope).
Di«9)pointmg. d^ljj J\ di JUi
^Jurli* ^UjU CXJiii ^1, And he
■id to hiffl : Verily I have come to diee as a
■^niige suitor, desiring the nniqne pearl and
ue Rest queen, the jewel of the age, the
uogater of oor most graoefnl lord and master
ftt kiair of the age, and the sultan of the
hiM! Dissppoittt not, 0 great king, him who
'Fpiuth to diee. May God irrant thee
the
*^0^Bphahnient of all thy wishes and deeireB !
i^ti^r^ Choice, election.
^^^iM^l^ Fancying, imagining (yet
viiliMit doubt). Fonnixig a jud^ent from
phTsognomy. Suspicion. Threatening thunder
or run (clouds).
j»-?^ <a%fM, Pitching a tent and
rug into il Covering with anything (for
•We). ^ ^ [aSviier.
fi\^ taddlar (pi. of^ JJ), Begnlations,
Ja.U Mdikul, Penetrating or heing
' rec^roeally. Occurring gradually.
^W Uddrtikt Preparation, provision,
pxBentiott. Comprehending.
o)«^} taddfu^^ Thrusting one another
^^^ Bepelling, repulsing, resistaace.
^>xli ^jL%>^ mumkin al tadafu^
^<«stibl6. ^Ijoll Lj\L.\ imUni'
Ht Ml tidafiii, BeeiatibtUty, [nately.
JjidJ Uddwid, Doing anything alter-
^jW Msipi, The treatment of disease
vitbmedidne. J^l ^ U--. ^\ ^ej
^UjJ^ ^>LLm«i Avicenna has pre-
tended that the lover's remedy consists in
melodious sounds, and the company of one
like his beloved, and the pleasure of a dessert
and wine and a garden; but I have taken
another in thy stoMl to cure myself^ and fate
and contingency aided me. Tet I found that
love was a mortal disease, for whioh Avioenna*s
medicine was pure nonsense.
jjS) tadabhir, Meditation, eonjeoture.
deliberating. [lime.
j;JjJ iadabhuk, Being taken with bird-
jfjS) tadhir, Eegulation. Deliberation,
counsel, advice, opinion, foresight, intention,
design. iLwL«A^\ cJ«d3 ^ JcJI, attad-
btr nitfid ma^thdh^ Good management is the
half of a Hvelihood. <dl\ ^ i^Ui
40;!!, lis ^^X^ ^ ^ Jljl^ ^^\
JJj ij\ ail^^ iioJ^\ JJU:J\ *JJh ^
j0jds!i\^ f^AsiS, And she said : May
Ood cut off my father, and deprive him of his
kingdom, and not comfort his heart, nor re-
store him from estangement, if he desire a
person more comely than thou, and aught more
comely than these charming endowments! On
my word, he is of little sense and judgment.
i2j\ ^ JJ tadHrdt, Begalations. Opinions
j;«ijj tadblk, Kubhing with bird-lime
and catching a bird. [revolved.
rrj^*^ tadahruf\ The being turned or
^^ Jj tadaikkhun, Being troubled with
smoke.
•.JjJ taddarruff Being promoted, ad-
* vanced, ascending step by step. Proceeding,
advancing.
k^j jj tadrih, Exercising, habituating.
Patience in war. Firmness in retreat.
^jjJ tadrij. Advancing by degrees.
^{efTjSi tadrljan, By degrees, slowly,
softly, step by step. [educated.
^^ • jj UidrUf Giving lectures. Being
^Jj tadft^ Thrusting^ driving, re-
1
(74)
JoJ
pelling. Benderingpoor, contemptible. De-
eerving to be ipumea Bepalnng, expeUing,
robduing.
JUi JJ iad/ik, Pouring ont properly.
(Ji^Si iadMht Making thin, Blender,
fine. Birainiflbing. Coneidering minntelj,
■crntinizing ; minntenen, rabtiltj.
ij]jj tadallul, Toying, fondling, caress-
in^. Blandiflbing. Pretending anger or die-
darn (like loTers). Cajoling.
JJSttadlll, Wheedling, toying as lovers.
j^Si tadmlr, Bnining, destroying, de-
struction.
*^JJ Tadmur, Palmyra. Palm3rra, situ-
ated three dayi* jonmey from the Eupbraten,
waa indebted for its wealth and splendour to
the advantage of its position on one of the
neat roads, oy which the Taluable commerce
Siat has at all times snheisted between India
and Europe, was then carried on. Palmyra
was at all times a natural emporium for the
merchandize coming from India oy the Ferrian
Gulf, which, frt>m thence by way of the
Euphrates or the Desert, was conyeyed into
FhoBnicia and Asia Minor, to diffuse its rarious
luxuries among the nations with whom they
were always in great request. Such commerce
must necessarily, in the most early ages, haye
caused this spot to be inhabited, and rendered
it a place of importance. Prior to the days
of Moses, the journeys of Abraham and Jacob,
from Mesopotamia into Syria, sufficiently proye
a frequent communication between these
countries, which must soon haye made Palmyra
flourish. The cinnamon and pearls mentioned
in the time of Moses, demonstrate a trade
with India and the Persian Oulf, which was
carried on by the Euphrates and Palmyra.
This commerce extended itself to India, and
the Persian Gulf was the principal point of
union. Odenatus and Zenobia carried the
prosperity of Palmyra to its greatest height ;
out oy attempting to exceed its natural limits,
they at once destroyed the equilibrium, and
Palmyra, stripped by Anrelian of the power
she had acquired in Syria, was besieged, taken,
and rayaged by that Emperor, and lost her
liberty and security, which were the principal
sources of her grandeur. Though Palmyra
is situated at a great distance from the
Euphrates, if the Syro-Mesopotamian Bailway
become a reality, in a few years she will be,
as she formerly was, the Queen of the Desert,
and in a short time will be connected, by a
branch, to the main railway. The entire yiew
of the ruins of Palmyra, when seen at a
distance, is infinitely more striking than those
of Balbec; but there is not any one spot so
imposing as the interior yiew of the Temple of
Balbec. The Temple of the Sun at Tadmur
is u^n a grander scale than that of Balbec, .
but it is choked with Arab houses, which admit
only a new of the buildings in detail. The
architecture of Balbeo is richer than that of
Tadmur. i
^Jj tadml^ Weeping, lamenting.
^^Sitadanmu, Becoming contaminated, ,
dirtied. [faning.
^^M^jJ tadnU, Staining, defiling, pro*
^^Jj iadwlr, Snrronnding, canring to
turn in a circle. Making round. BeTolTing.
^j jj iadwlnf Collecting into a volame.
fj^*^ tadhlnf Anointing, besmearing.
^jJ ladayyun, Borrowing, getting into
debt Being tenacious of one's religion.
^IjJ tmdkur, Mntnal remembrance.
Being remembered.
c^jj jJ teoistt^. Palpitation, agitation.
Uncertainty, doubt^ suspension of judgmeni.
^l^ jj toMkdr, Eecalling to memory by
name. Commemoration.
i JJ tatakkurf Bemembrance, commemo-
ration. To reflect, to remember. ^)
^U- ^^^, And he bad a hundred
concubines; but he had not been blest,
during his whole life, with a male or female
child by any of them, and he reflected
upon this and began to lament his own state.
JU\ C^6 4j^\ ^ eu^ 3 jJ
I then arose, and found not a human being it
the place nor a Sinnee, the yessel had eoo
with the passengers, and not one of tnei
remembered me, neither any of the merchant
nor any of the sailors ; ao they left me in tb
inland.
i^jj toMkaratf A memoir. A billel
schedule, obligation. Handwriting.
j^ij toMklr, Commemoration, reducin
to memory. To put in the masooline gends
jSjJ Imtattul, Submission, hnmilit]
tameness. Becoming a supplicant. Abasemes
abjection. S^j Ji s^y-r^ iJ*-^ «^
^)fS
Juu
V^
^oVjj*
t<*^^
V-
(75)
r^y
•iM
ilM
^^
7I
J!3c!1 Ji^ , My patience has fiBdled,
ind 07 diiqmetnde iff excesaiTe, immeiue ia
mj mbtt mice roar abflenoe, and I became
mm aad iiiTalid ! I take God to witneaa,
tbt joor separation made me lose mj patience I
And bow eoold I hare patience to endure the
lov of the object of my hope ! After the loea
of mj beloTeo, bow conld 1 delight in aleep P
And vho ii be that oan find plearare and
deligbt in a life of abaaement P
JJjj toMj Abaflementy depreeaion.
c^^ JJ tatwih. Melting, dissolying.
jj^Ju tm»ir {fatji^f which is correct),
Fnod, deceit; adulteration.
w^ jj toMb, Gilding ; to gild.
J^oJ ^yi/, Adding a supplement or
tppeodix.
Vy imrdh, Earth, dust S-^J/^'i
Name of the KhaUf AU. ^\p
LXlLfll, Arsenic. ^]Ji!^ ^*'-°^'- ■
^Li i^sJLii ^.^.JLiS^ Jilt J ^\i\^
And I cleared away the earth from it, and
foond tbat it waa affixed to a trap-door of
«ood,wbicb I remoTed. Beneath it appeared
1 stiireaie, which I deaoended.
jj'y Uralu, Earthly, earthen, earthy.
j^\j iardkhl^ Proceeding slowly, be-
ttooDg remiaBf negligent, indolent.
J-»y ^ordMi/, Sending reciprocal advice.
^y iorddl, Mntoal satisfaction, ac-
'<ini«wnce.
^y tardfit^ Beferring anything to a
JQdg« by motaal agreement
Jjy tardfuk. Travelling in company.
c^y Unrdiudf Bnnning together, to-
f*y tardhm^ Being compact, com*
P««ed, heaped together. A crowd, throng,
I** [tiona.
V^y (flrdJH^, Compounds, composi-
^y tflrdsii, Darting, throwing at one
another. Throwing one'a aelf down, raahing
forward.
f^^JS tardwih^ s. pi. (sing, not used),
The long prayers or litaniea peculiar to the
Nights of Kamadan. The literal meaning is
Bmeations.
L^Jj turab (pL of ^JS), Bnrying-plaoes,
cemeteries, grayes* t< Juu *Jb|y ^y
\^JJ ^ji\ C^U\ JU. |/-i \y^
1^1^^ i&j^ ijo^^^iLuuJ f^^l>.j. Here
was a people whom, after their doings, thon
sbalt see wept oyer their lost dominion.
And in this palace is the last information
respecting noblemen collected in the burying-
places. !)<"""
>eatb baa destroyed them and sepa-
rated them, and in the burying-place they bare
lost what they amassed. As though they had
only put down their loads to repose awhile,
quickly have they departed.
hj) turhat, A burying-ground, cemetery.
aLjII I) J Utrhattil asldm, The cemetery
of the Musulmen. ^^^li^l ^jt^ ^^'
barat anhatara^ The Christian's cemetery.
^^\^ kJI \^^ fatdhu hdbron JU
turbah^ They opened a grare (a tomb, a sepul-
chre) in the cemetery. In Constantinople it
means also a mansolenm, or chapel built oyer
a tomb.
Ljji tarhiyaty Education, instruction,
correction. ^j;i«AlljH ^Jlc u.^..^^j1^ ^
^ jUjf LjJ minal wdjtb ^alal todltdina
iarhiyat awladahumj It is the duty of the
parents to bring up their children.
LjJ ^^jm/^ ahsan tarUyah^ The best
education. Xj^\ p J^ ^admat tar-
hiyahf One who has not a good education.
JU1\ IjJ ^\L^\ J^ c-.^ yajib
^ahl hukkdm iarbiyattul'ahaltf It is the duty
of the rulers to correct the people. 4jy
jy^\ iarbiyai aUiyoor, To bring up,
to rear birds. jij3^\jjjLjjj,iarhiyat
dudal harlr^ To rear silkworms. LjJ!
mm
(76)
zy
jU^S^ tarhiyat utdthAr^ To rear flowerB.
cyjt Ljy Urhiifat uUl$bd^ To tome
wild beasts. ^W*'! Ljji iarliyiU
m/ nu^'dninf To attend on madmen ; to imtrnet,
oonect,aadtrytoctmthem. il^M^^^
ClX-tj u:,^ y;, y <^ ^^,
And were it not for the faot of thy haymg
brought me iq> (reared me), I wooM lay
Tiolent hands npon thee tUt moment 1 God
haa afflicted me 07 this merchant, and all that
I haTO ezperienoed from him was done on thy
iioooimt and hy thy infftntmentality I
w^^ Uitlii^ DiTiding into four, making
a qnadrangolar or square figure. Quadrating.
^«j^ c)^» -^ qnadnuigiilar fignreb
^^*[P tarilh, Order, dispoaition, ar-
rangement 42^1^1 Jjj d^Lj^ tartl'
hdi wa (add rutdt^ Preparativea. Sjj^
c^^l c,..^ ^, And in it
were also instruments of munc and mirth*
and yarieties of heautiftd slaye^girlsy ranffed
erery one acoording to his rank in good oroer.
JbJy tartU, Singing in ohnroh.
^jj tarqjifuhf FreTailing 07er, excelling.
Movine haokwaxds and forwards, as a swing,
or anymmg suspended in the air.
Js^ tarqiful, Walking on foot; placing
under the feet To alight ih>m a hone.
^ \y^jJ^ i^txJI J^JJ^ J.A^\
^^ ^^jj f^^ S^j/r^ r^^
(.IjDlJ^ , So when they heard hia wordsi
they knew that the king was hasty of temper
ana yery yiolent, and they alighted from their
horses and drew tiieir swords, and went in to
the king.
^Usfy tof^^Mntf f»i Aninterpretar. i/Jcx
mfUofyim, I haye an interpreter and a trans-
lator.
^as^ UnyamtAf Tnteipretalian, trans-
lation, t J^ JLm»- X^arrjsSt irOUb hauh
aUarjtmah hatanahjiideu^ This translation u
very good. X^is^iL^js^S usithaaik
aHmymmh U tikkm IsAa, Tlus is • mistrau-
Utlon.
^f^/i UnrjlK Preponderating, outweigh-
ing, considering as more yaluable or important
To j^er. [trayelling.
Ji>y tarahhul^ Departing, emigrating,
A^^foraMuMfPityyOompaasion. m^Jt^
^lJl^ ^;M-a<3 ^^ faUtrakamma ldk&
fMto hujMtna ^alaffihf He had pity 00
him, and gave him alms. (i^jSJ ^
ba^d foafatHU, After his death, who will pray
God to have mercy onhim, saying, Ia^j
4UI rahamahu aOah, May God hare
mercy on him ? ^^t ^y l5^1/^ f^^^
*r^^ ^^1 ^^iifi^ f^jiJ^^fJ^^
^^ jjhU^ « ^"..(^ 2-^*>Sf )^ (»^^
♦^^\ Jlejl Ij^U IIb^ JiJ • jij-;^ t jJb
You make me loye-lom, and you remain in-
diffsRnt to me; you make my wounded eyelid
sleepless, and you slera at ease. Tour abode ii
hetween my heart and my eyes ; therefore my
heart will 'not fbiget nor relinquish yov, noi
my tears conceal (my sorrow). Ton gare m<
Sour word on oath that you would remaii
fcilhftil and answer to my loye ; but when yoi
had got ponession of my heart, you yiolatec
your coyenant. When you xnapired me yntl
loye, I was so young that I did not know irha
loye was; now that I feel it, do not alloi
me to become the yietim of it. I entree
you by the Almighty, if I die, that yoa writ
upon my tomhstone, This was a slaye of loyi
that perchance,* some mourner who haa fel
the same flame, may pass by the loyer^a gray)
and pity her by saying, May God haTo nken
on her soul !
jy
(77)
^y UrM, Wdooming a gaest by
aaying L>/«i Yon are welcome.
\jCi>-J) (arihUi, Oranting permission,
to nthorin^ to giw aathoritj to do someihiag.
dJp UrMii^ IrreeolatioD, hesitation,
vsTttiiig, flnetiuttioii of opinion, siupenmoii of
jndgDNBt fieliiMlf i^eeting, renstuig, oppo-
ntion. iWy^ ttf* v^ -?^ ^^^^
hmmrngkaffhr taraddmd^niQ tiuwered me
without aaj lieiit«tion.
LJUi^ tatilff Following, sobjoining.
So^in; aaj one as oompenion to another, or
maeaeoil
J^J^ ianSll, IXespising, reprobating.
\j»*y Um, A shield, target, buckler.
IjLtJi iaridna (Italian <£0rM»a, An inner
Mrar), Dockyard.
^P iarathhuh, Sweating, eznding.
Toeatdicold.
•3uy tarauudf Observing steadily with
atkntiTe eyes. Expecting, waiting, hoping.
\jci^^ UimUt Firmly joining or clamp-
ing together.
j^y UriH^ Adorning with jewels,
P>U,etiL
^J Uriiyat^ Satisfying, contenting.
Ucji\ kSU^ (J^l^ UlA«Ldf , Oiia^maind
Immil watdyit uttardiyak^ We have employed
iQ menu to bring about a reconciliatioD.
^r^Ji tarM, Moistening, macerating,
cooling. tjXiM«i>* *^r^ji 1^"^^ ^^
<ilX^ Jj hatd iMawd yarattib jismak
iM daumtJt, This medicine will cool and re-
fresh your body and your blood.
Ley tar^fp fileeding at the noae.
sj) Unrghlh, Exciting desire.
^Jf Urfl^ EleTating, raising on high.
<*»/ imrphf Procuring (for another)
CM ■ad prosperity. [ing.
a
w^-^<afaU«^, Contemplating. Expect-
^^ tarakkut. Being moved np and
down, dancing. Uaiy \joij^ \j:^^jLi
u^y ^ ^\ fathara^at iatarahloi
^•ftihmm ya laku mm iorakkm, In dancing
^ begaa to execute motions of the body —
bot vut motions !
? -
^Ji tarail^f Increase, angmentation (of
salary). Promotion, preferment, advancement.
Making a progress (in learning), excelling.
wJy tarkl^, Mending a garment by in-
serting a patch.
(j^JS (arklkt Softening, thinning.
mJiJj tarhmf Writing, pointing ortho-
graphically, placing the yowel points.
CJjj tark, Abandoning, forsaking, leav-
ing. To abandon, desert, lesTe^ quit, fonake,
throw off. t^Jk>^j,-i5^^ij:>-JbjUUl
limSza tahabta w« ta raktmi wahdi. Why did
you go away and leare me by myself (or
alone) ? <Uu«^ u^'j ^jy^ */^ ^'^
j^J^^ Jl jJJL; jjL-fiJl yJL^j^i
T^1>J'^ r^^ ^ L^Ji m]/-. And
I abhor his face, and detest my being in his
oompany. If I did not fear to displease theei
I would, before the rising of the sun, reduce
his city to ruins, so that the owl and the raTOQ
should ory in it!
d^ Iktrk, A Turk, comprehending like-
wise those numerous nations of Tartars between
Khorasm6 and China, who all claim descent
from Turk, the son of Japhet
Sip taraikuh, Composing. Inserting
one thing into another (as setting a stone in a
ring, putting the head upon a spear, etc.).
i^J tarJtatj Inheritances, legacies. The
estate or moTable effects of a deceased person.
^J&^J Ihtrktitdn, Turkestan, Turan,
Turcomania, or Transoxania.
^\^y Twrkm&ny A Turcoman. The
Turoomen are of the number of those Tarter
hordes, who, on the neat revolutions of the
Empire of the Calin, emigrated from the
eastward of th^ Caspian Sea, and spread them-
selves over the vast plains of Armenia and
Asia Minor. They fi^uent Northern SyriSy
and speak the Turkish language. They live
in plenty, without being rich. They make
very nice carpets.
t_. nj^" tarW>t Composition, compoundt
compost, mixture.
^U^ tmrm&nln, A village situated at
the distance of about five miles from Mount
Saint Simon Stvlites in Northern Sjriia. The
etymology of tois word is of Latin extrac-
tion i it oomes most likely from Terra magna.
J>
(78)
••?
i/
^j»»^/ turtnuB, A bramble. A kind of
Turkish lupin, pnlse, a bean or bean-shelL
^J iarammtil, Becoming a widow.
ff^^J* tarmlm, Eepairing (a house).
^Jj Utrunf, The bitter or Seville orange.
^^ .
^cflET^ iurut^X Orange-coloured.
ftjj) tarannum^ Singing, modulating.
t^^Ji tanolj, Placing a value upon
(goods, etc.), making them to be sold, causing
money to be paid or receiyed. Establishing,
making to pass or go current. Furtherance.
fC^y tartpih, Performing anything.
Pacifying, contenting. Ventilating, fanning.
(Jijjf tarwlh, Straining off, making clear.
UD\jbp turrahdt, (s. pi.), Nonsense,
Tain words.
i^-;"*^ tarahhub, Devoting one's self to
religion, entering into a monastery.
^>^mihj} iarhlb, Frightening, terrifying ;
to terrify, frighten.
by tarayyd, A number of lamps made
up in the form of a crown, suspended from
the roofs of churches and other public build-
ings j (metaphorically) the Pleiades.
^by tiry&k, Treacle, antidotes of every
kind against poisons. A kind of electuary;
theriaca, of yarious kinds, one of which is
eaten with opium, and hence opium-eaters are
called jV^y^ tirydklf or a theriaca-
man. ^
^]p taxdhum, A concourse, a crowd.
dj\jj tiudyud, Augmentation, increase.
Jjjj ta%ahhud, Foaming, frothing.
9j^y toa^stf^, Commotion, agitation.
i^J5 tatkiyat, Sanctity, purification.
Justifying (by witnesses). Purifying (that
part of a man's wealth which is dedicated to
pious uses). Giving, and also receiying alms.
^ji tMkim, Being afflicted with a
rheum.
JjJpf tauUnul, Commotion, agitation,
trembling, trepidation. An earthquake.
fip tMuUui, Sliding, dipping, fidling.
j;>^ tosmir. Psalmody, singing.
•pjj! tauwvn^, Hanying, taking a irife.
And I haye left my kingdom on thy aooount,
and our meeting now is a wonderM coinci-
denoe. Arise, then, and descend to me, that
I may go with thee to the palace d thy
father, and ask my uncle to make peace, to
release thy father, and then to marry thee
lawAilly (to take thee for my wife).
mm
JjJJ tasmpivud, Providing necessaries for
a journey.
ig^y tawicij, Joining, associating, marry*
ixig. cT* J-^^ J^^ ^^ ^^
♦ U,^i,,.^lV>rj^pjyyjiuXj^, There
is not among the Kings of the Sea any one
more yiolent or hasty than her father, nor is
there any one of grester power than he.
Therefore acquaint not thy son with the case
of this queen until we demand her in marriage
for him of her father ; and if he fayour naby
assenting to our request, we praise Ood (whoee
name be exalted !} ; and if he reject us, and
marry her not to thy son, we will remain
at ease, and demand in marriage another.
thy son is seyenteen years, and he ia not
married, and we fear that something niav
happen to him, and he may not haye a son.
I toerefore desire to marry him to one of the
Queens of the Sea, who snail be like onto lii»ti
in beauty and loveliness.
jiyp taztolr, Imposture, fraud, deceit..
j^\
aIU^j
A^l:^*
^
Jiji-
\
5?^ *
r
(79)
4JM**'
jfs^j ^^A^i:^, If your promise of
to aetoil intemew be fiUse, gnmt the lorer a
tHe-^-tetty or a riait in sleep. Bat how, Uiey
replied, can the phantom present itself to the
ey« of a penon nom whom sleep is banished ?
«X^ Uaakkud, Being abstment and
ie'^wt* [adorned.
^jlp iaajfi/m, Dressing one's self. Being
^J*JJJ ta^yiHj v. a. To adorn another.
Thai Um king committed the damsel to the
tire-vomea, saying to them : Amend the state
of t^ damselt and deck her, and famish for
ha a piiTate efaamber, and take her into it.
JfuJ tasdhik, Banning, contending in
UT msaaer for a wager.
^L; Usdiui, Falling or throwing one's
Klf iato anything. [reconciled:
^UJ tatdlum. Making peace, being
^UJ tatdmuhj Beciprocal indolgenoe,
aatnal tindness and forgiveness.
^Lj iMdna, Contending for pre-
eaiioeoce.
jXj taadwl^ Equality.
t4uhibf Cansing, giving cause.
^. .^ toihlh, A hymn, the praise of God.
OcCLw tath^dt, Hymns, praises of
^3^: — tashi^ Dividing into seven parts.
ioihik, Melting (gold or silver).
tatbil. Consecrating (anything)
to pioBs or charitable oses.
jf^ tatoHur, Covering or hiding one's
"etf bdiind a TciL
j^i4Ulr, Veiling, covering, concealing.
s^^^ t^ll. Confirming, ratifying.
^ttfflg a kwsoit put down in a jndge's book.
^B'CUBi: anything judicially (as diecreeSf etc.).
^ttahhtr. Rising or setting out
^^^y-bnak, and breakfasting at that
•njhoor. fiecelTing.
^Mr, Enchanting, £ucinating,
# -
taaakhihurj Eidiculing. Making
obedient or tractable. [liberal.
tiuakhkhl, Being conspicuously
taskhlrf Oppressing, compelling
to work for nothing.
^j*i*^ taskhln, Making warm.
^ JumJ tasdiyah, Stretching the warp and
washing it with glue or gam-water.
j^^mJiXuJ tasdis, An hexangular aspect of
the stars. Dividing into six parts.
c^mJ toiorru^f Hastening. Speed.
i^^^jMj tasrih, Sending in crowds
(camels).
.^dxuyJ tattlh, Equalling, making level.
j«LmJ tastlr, Writing, delineating.
^4aJ tuu^t Nine. Ttuu^, A nbth part
^^«mJ tisa^n (oblique case ^^.tLuJ),
Ninety. ^^ U^Ij j^^\ ^ Jj
^\js^\ ^ ^1\, And if I fail to
bring yon together, life will be of no use to
me. I have passed my life in the practice of
artifice, deceit and intrigues, until I have
attained the age of ninety years ; how, theo,
should I fail of uniting two persons in sin P
(not lawfully, against the precepts of reli-
gion).
(JamJ taaaffid, Descending. Being ig-
noble, low-bom. [roofl
tatakkuf, Being covered with a
tcahiyatf (Hving to drink, watering.
JLilLIl ^Ju: yb^, And behold! a
window, opposite the place where I sat, was
opened, and there looked out from it a young
lady like the fall moon, such as I bad never
in my life beheld. She was watering some
flowers which she had beneath the winoow.
L,fl.JlMJ iatklf^ Covering (a house) with
a roof.
I^mJ
(80)
Jum7
mmAmj iaakUn, Making sick. Being dck.
vj. >.gC>i7 iiuht, Strikingdumb. Silencing.
^JLmJ ta§hr, Shutting. Making drank.
^2^JLmJ (<Mi(ifi» Pacifying, quieting. Ea-
tabliahing in any place. Cil) J Joju
I^jumJU « ;^li ZJ JJ l|J u
Ji!« ^ V;^ l|J C
arose and went forth from her, and brought to
her a ramptaons dreiB, with which she dad
her. She aim brought to her some food and
drink, and ate with her, and comforted her
heart and appeased her terror.
(JmJumj iMoktd, Connecting like a chain.
Flowing or waving (as water with a ^tle
breexe). [manding despotically.
LLyj tMottut, Abaolute dominion. Com*
^^laLjf Uutdtuny To become a sultan.
Lc^, My father died since,
and I became a Saltan after him, and I
manied the daughter of mj nnde who naed
to lore me ezoessiTely,
t— aLmj ioiottuf. Borrowing, receiving
money per adyance for goods to be afterwards
deliTerecL Antidpating.
JLmJ taiaUmn^ Occupying. Beceiving.
^JLj toidUit Consolation, comforting.
The bdng consoled.
^uLaJ tatUyat, Consolation, relieving one
from anguish of mind. ar^-ftJ?) m^\ *j
Uli J^\ if^S\ (J^J Jju^ s^j
ij>^{J XJju u^ aUs)^ ^ ^
y>^b Lcaj^ e^»yi ^
CL>y\Ji\^, They proceeded to address
him with soft words, and to console him, and
after that they conducted him into the bath ;
and when he came forth from the bath, he
put on a magnificent suit woyen of gold,
adorned with jewels and jacinths. [mug.
^LmJ tashkh, Maying, stripping skin-
^vLyJ tadlhf Causing one to arm.
kJyukJ Uuhi^ Giving absolute dominion
Bdng inTested with power.
i^BjlMiy tasltf, Anticipation. jjJI
{JuJt \0Jb ^<iLJ iakdir^tutMi/k
hatal moMagh, cin you adyance me this sum
^jJLmj iasllht To leap on a wall, lik*
thieves do. w^jJJ c,,J<eJl JLL
^Lu^ i\ aUJ, And the fox said t
the wolf, Enter the yineyaid; for thou ai
spared the trouble of aaoenoing to and descend
ing from the waU of the garoen, or breakinj
it down, and it bdonga to God to complel
the be&efltl [ing, putting in orda
CLO^T ia$tlk Beelimg yam. Arvang
aJuJ ioitlm, Saluting, pronounokig i
benedietiQa on any penon decased, by sayioj
JlJla iJLJ!, Peace with him. «X^^l
^\ ^ jJ-*Jj Jlf ^\ C^Lsi ^
Now I denre of thy goodness that thou com
and salute my fiomly and see them, ^m1 Hit
ther may see thee, and that pleasure an
mutual mendship may ensue between both <
YOU. — Deliyering (to any penon). Sid>mittiD
to, and acquiescing in, the lud^ent of anothe
BeHTery, oonrignment. ResigniBg, redgni
tion. J^U^ aLi^I 2d tuMim him
iaJMf I do not admit of what you sa]
<U1 U-i J J>ycJi wJUj wi^^
l^l^ [fjtLa^ Ifif, And she said wit
a rery loud yoice : Do not oppose what
am doing, for if thou oppose and make ti
slightest objection, I will kill myself. And
abstained from upbraiding her, and left h
free to herself. ]L»j C\i ^
^, He then bought for me an u
and a rope, and deliyered me to some woo
cutters, and recommended me to them ; thei
fore. I went forth with them, and cut wo
dniing the whole day.
<^
(81)
jMJ
taumwm^, Listeniiig, hearing.
J(^U ^^^ w4>mJ ^j^, He who
listens heara what displeaaes him. ^l^^
U^»i»^ wiumIj jl^ |JU, And the
kisff was redtmiig ; and wlien he heard hia
fflou£r aod his uncle mentioning him, and
■peaking reqwedng him, he pretended that he
wai asl^ and limned to their conversation.
i^MJ^aMiiya^yNominationy appellation.
GiTQig a lumeL
iawHd^ Propping (a wall).
Tamfm, Name of a fountain in
' Pira<Jise. Nectar.
jy^ toMwwuk^ Trading, hnying and
»1%. [copy of a letter.
*^: w iatwldy Making black. A foul
&:)*w tatteli, TiftfthiTig with a scourge.
^^ iatwiyahf Arrangijig, setting
(tnight, putting to rights Smoothing, ren-
ewing eren ana regolar.
I
Jfw tasahhul, Becoming easy, making
smooth. ^^ ^^U-!« ^ j^^^ \j^
V A^l jy^i\ iJ^amJ , For this mode
of DToeeeding bringeth lorers together, and by
it Uungs that are difficult axe renderad eaay
;they become easy).
J^ Uu'hll, Bendering easy. iil\ ^\
Verih, God has smoothed for thee all the
l^un withont fiitigne. This has happened
^^ii^^ thy good fortone. Mayest thou en-
r'7« tbenfore, that to which God has granted
^^ Mces^ in smoothing thy way to that im-
OKoie plunder, and great felicity and happiness !
fw iatydr^ Sending, forwarding, de-
tatfihf GKving, allowing to go
(oiyi;, Fencing (a wall) with
[ing a great way off.
^ Utfflr^ Sending, driving, banish-
CSj\tj iashdhuk, Being perplexed, in-
tricate, [opposition.
^UJ tashdjur, Contending, reciprocal
aj\ZJ tashdruk, Society, company.
Being partners. [other.
^luJ tashdiA, Complaining of each
ji^luJ tashdwur, Conspiring together.
Consulting one another. Asking advice and
permission. ^^\ ^\ cuo«^j ^^l>9
* \jj\ U^jl:.! i^ \^\ ^frj^ ^ ' That
when I return to my mother, and consult her
on this subject, she will not allow me to do it ;
therefore 1 will not return to her, nor ever
consult her.
^luJ toihdyu^, Associating together.
C^^ttJ toihabluM, Setting about, taking
in hand, to apply one's self to, to set about.
'*^*'^ taskabhtk, Being mixed one with
another.
fjL^j;-" tashhlkp Twisting, plaiting,
clasping the fingers, making lattice or network.
<u.>uJ tashblh, Comparison, a simile,
allegory. Likeness.
c:j1^j.i> mi .7 toihblhdt, Comparisons, similes.
(j:>.%.Ay tathattut, Being dispersed, scat-
tered, separated.
^js^ toihajfu^, Boasting of, or dis-
playing strength or courage.
^jjg«^u.7 toihji^, Making or calling bold.
^JAJ^A*J UuhkhUs, To distinguish, make
out, recognise.
J«\mJ ^M^oifiMi, Becoming strong, robust.
Corroborated : seizing and holding firmly.
^JuuJ tashadduk, Twisting the comers
of the mouth whilst speaking.
Jj JluJ tashdld, Corroborating, confirming,
consolidating. Putting the orthographical
mark tathdid (*) over letters, which denotes
that they shoula be doubled ; also the name of
the character itself.
i-^j^ tatharrub, Imbibing, drinking.
(mJfjMJ toiharruf, Being honoured, re-
nowned, rendered glorious, adorned, decorated.
6
A ?
(82)
A r
iJijUc^l^ cKUU, And if the caae
be ao, we wOl eovip thee, aad will jonmej
with thee to thy nome end thj frienoiy tiut
we ma j hsTe the honour to be with thy rd*-
tivet and compoioM.
CSJ^ ioihamikf Partidpatiiig with
another.
u^ytJ toikrlh, GiTisg to drink.
f^j^ iMhr^ Diaaecting (a body).
Cattiiig (meat). Anatomy.
jjySJ t4uhrid, Patting to flight, dis-
pening. Spreading a bad report^ defimnng.
imJojJ^ Uukri/, Hanooxing, ennobling^
dignifying^ investing with a splendid robe.
* T
oity in all that I had nid became manifest to
him, and he loTed me greatly and treated me
with exoeedin^ oonaideiation, and he did me
the honour of nuunying his daughter to me.
^ji^l \j \^ JUi ^^ ti>Ujj Jjilj
cl^bji Iv^y And ahe said to him :
0 mYbrother,how art thou P how is my mother,
and now are the daughters of my uncle ? And
he said to her : 0, my sister, they are well, in
prosperity, and great happiness, and nothing
IS wanting to them but the sight of thy beau-
ttftil iaoe ; do us then the honour of paying us
aTisit
iZj\jUjmj tashrif&i, Honoura, dignitiea.
^jsr\ijjJ^ Uuhrifdiji, (uaed in Ar.)
** The Master of Ceremonies of the Ottoman
Court.
CSjjJIj t(uhHky Making one a partner.
Jy'cM/^ ^Vin al-awwal, October.
ci^f UJL/^ toihrht a98anl,'NoYemher.
JiZJ tMha^^, Being inflamed. Bom-
ing. [branches.
iaah^lh, Being divided into
iashghlbf Baiaing a tumult,
excitiog anything ruinous to another.
ia«Aa^^yInteroedingy deprecating.
* ?
A *
Uthfijftdj Coring, reatoringhealtl
lotl/k^ Admitting the interod
sion of one penon for another.
{JAmJ iatkmltMrt Being aplit, divided.
jSl^ faikakhir, Betuming thanka ft
fitvonra. Praiaing. ULib^l Jli^
iKJ
UJ^ti
.\
^
A -
said : O ^ng of the Fkesent A^ thou ba4
a prior elaim upon us, and it is our duty i
render thanks to thee, lor thou hast treat!
us with the utmost kindnees ; and we ba^
entered thy abode, and eaten of thy bread si
salt
JuuuJ iathaUA^ Lamenting.
cI.<rX«»7 ioihkikt Creating donbt
JigCiMi toAJH/, Forming, framing, figa
ing.
JmiLmj ioMUMf Comingdrop bydro]
jaAu ioikammmr, Lifting up the lapp
of agarment.
ftA,u»j Uuhammumf Perfriming alightl
DieooTering the cause of a smell. SmeDisi
iathmlr, Tucking up the garmei
Baring the l^s, arms, or anypari of the hoc
■fr-
♦ t ~
the Lady Dunya made bare her two arms
the elbows, and began to search into the *
woman's hair, whereupon the paper fell fr
her head.
A r?
tathmli, Ei^oaing to the aui
iathmi^ Covering with wax.
tashnl^f Beproaching, blamii
defiuning, slandering, disparaging, disgraci
i^yu t4uhatounuh, Disquietude, d
traction. Being diaturbed, diaeorda
IjMj ^yuSuj Idk^ ^^ J[^
was restless on account of her abeence ; s!
IdJ
(88)
eonld Bofc ofcnoos my Mttiely; my eyes,
howeTer, were eloced, bat my spirit was awake.
jyLJ Uihawwui, Being anzioas, wish-
ing, doirqg. [thorns.
CfjLj kihawwui, Being beset with
^|uJ UakwtsK, Confusion. Bistrac-
tion. Indkpontiony malady. ^lUI^
^jJbcAr^- ^ ^UJ aj, By
liftTai, 0 BT loid, wer» it not for my mother, I
Mold not eaonn senaratioik from thee ; but I en-
^yn, 0 BT loid, wero it not for my mother, I
Mold not eaann teporatioik from thee ; but I en-
|Ral tbee, 0 my lord, not to cease aoquaint-
ing m with thy good news, for the sake of
Old (najHe be exalted!), that my mind be
sot in dtsqmetnde.
jj Jj toihwikf Inflaming with desire.
<^*ti toikwik, Keroing, prickings
feag thorny (as a tree). [eagerly.
^jr*J toihahkl, Wishing, desiring
j^ tsihhir, Uaking publicly known,
%»sBg (a false witness, etc) to public igno-
miny by pandxng him through the streets.
a-lj^ t<uhayyui, Being burnt, scorched.
j^ taskaytun^ Deporting one's self
Hb the stobborn, pnmd, headstrong devlL
t^ij iaa^fffu^ Professing to be of the
^^metan sect of Ali, called
tr^ t^shfi^. Accompanying a person
i Hiott diitanoe on his road when he sets out.
rA|fi^,G^finning, corroborating,.
■^tibltthing.
w«j^ tatdiuf, Meeting, encountering.
Afulcntal or undesigned meeting. Chance.
f <* niiet icddentally. To happen, to chance.
J* -aJ ^MdiicfcyOultiyatingBincere firiend-
''a^j, acting with fidelity and affection towards
«*^^ other.
,1 ,
4-^ U9ddum, Dashing one against
■a'<h£r. The shock of two bodies against
^oLcJ\ ..^ \ms^\3. After a
while, tbe dut elearad a little, and we di*-
ooTered in the midst of it fifty horsemen, like
fieroe lions, covered with iron, whom we per-
ceived to be Arab highwaymen, intending to
dash aeainst us ; we, however, avoided coming
into c^Usion with tiiem.
(^L^ totdrtf, Bevolutions, changes.
Conversions.
^loj tae&Juh, Shaking hands; taking
one aaother by the hand, ^jij J ^\j
zj If;^ , But if this
\ ifX^
be not the Queen Joharah, this is more beau-
tiful than she I And she drew near, and shook
hands with me.
^l^ t(udftf Acting sincerely to each
other.
^Ljj ioidluh, Being reconciled together.
ujLJI^ tasdtitf, Compositions, works,
books. [pictures.
ji^^ tM&wlr^ Images, effigies, figures,
^Lcjf toBd^ith, Calling to one another.
tasahhtr, Being patient, or pretend-
ing to be so.
.^vIm^ tatbih, Saluting the morning,
coming in the morning.
*f^^ tM'hlhy Amending, correcting.
^Verifying, illustrating. Putting in order,
arranging, reducing to a better form.
\^sus£^ tM-hlff Making an error in
reading or writing. Altering, correcting.
jJudJ tModdur, Taking precedence.
^Juaji tasadduk, Alms, giving alms. To
confer favours. ^]JL^^ ^^^ ^jL^^dij Ji
^hflv) Ix^U fjs^^ \:JVb^\j ^J^l^
4.1xL<«4X£w ^£, Thou hast conferred
favours upon us, and we desire of thy goodness
that thou wouldst grant us a boon, and give
us permission to depart ; for we have become
anxious to see asaiu our country, and near
relatives, and our nomas. We will not, how-
ever, relinquish thy service.
i^Ju^' tasaddtj Presuming, attempting,
daring. Undertaking, preparing for. Oppos-
ing, turning away the fiioe.
♦ ••
(84)
yOi
ji*i^ ^i^ir, Yielding preeedenoe, giving
the highest place, or chief seat at table.
Beginiiue a letter with a proasmium or exor-
dium. Sweatiiig. Going, or taking prece-
dence, with a stretched-ont breast, and a
haughty air. Causing to emanate.
^ Ju^ tatdi^, The head-ache. Trouble.
To gire the head-ache. To plagne, annoy,
importune. vJ«^^ CjCjl r. u: >t.4y>*J^j
U^U^ «jJu^y I conjure thee, 0
my mistress, that thou come with me and be-
hold her beauty and lordiness, and the justness
hape, and proportion ; ana
me for the trouble.
of her form, shape, and proportion; and excuse
fJjXoj tasdik, Yerifying, attesting, ac-
knowledging as true, confirming, ratifying,
api)roYing. To confirm, corroborate. To
ratify a treaty.
i^jtoj taaarruf, Possession^ use. Dex-
terity, industry. i-J^, To possess,
enjoy, seixe, usurp, to hare in one's power.
To use.
Cl^li,^ toiorru/dt, Possessions, usages.
^j*^ toirlh, Evidence. Manifestation.
ujbj^ tasrlf, Changing, toming, con-
yerting. Inflecting, conjugating, decUnine
(in a granimatical sense). Chan(||ing (money)
from species to species. Appointing a man to
manage affairs, with fuU powers. An inflec-
tion, declension, conjugation. A sale.
JUi]ll i^^j^oj tasri/ul qf^dl, The con-
jugation of verbs. J\^\i^j^ toi-
riful mdl, The sale of goods. f^M^jnaS
M^\ tatrt/ul ism, The declension of
the noun, ij^j^ ^^-^/^ *^-^ J^
i^^j^\ \jjb f^Joj^ hal laka tatrif
aharQ hitatrlf hanal markab, Hare you legal
authorization to sell this ship ?
Xjuoj tas^d, Eaising up, ascending a
mountain, going on a declivity.
vlN>y.<i7 tasa^uk, Poverty. Becoming
indigent. [noun.
^JLaj> tasghlrj Diminution. A diminutive
^^^ tagaffuhf Examining minutely, com-
paring, rerising, considering accurately.
m
^usuxj tasfiyatf Purifying, rendering
dear, bright. Liquidation. Li,
1:JULa»- tasfiyat hisdhdtind, The liqc
dation of our accounts, y^^ ^
ioMfiyat ul khamTf The «lariflcation of wine.
taaflr, Making ydlow or pale.
L^LkLoj tasfift Arranging, drawing \
an army in order of battle.
tas/lk, Striking with vehemen
(so that the sound is heard); flapping t
wings (a bird).
u^.'m)^ tashh, Crucifying. Making tl
sign of the cross ; painting, or £>rming in t
shape of a crucifiiz. Making hard.
<lJ^ taasUffahf A benediction (on M
hammed, by saying ^uL^ ^t ^
taOa ilahu ^o^^A .' May God be propitifl
unto himl).
aa4^ tasmim^ Besolution, fimmei
Intending, resolying. Intention. To intei
to resolye.
ttuannu^f An ostentation of art.
^gjv*fl7 ta9taf, Invention, arrangemei
composition, publishing a book.
jj^ tasawwur, Imagination, fiemcy, coi
ception, speculation, supposition, reflectid
Idea* *j}^\ *^-^^J c>^ ^^\
iZJ^\l C^^3 ^jyoj Ji^-l j^ ^
♦^jl Ls.^!, Thy shape is enticin
and thine eye like the angel's ; and thy fs
drippeth with the water of beauty. Tb
appearest in my eye most gloriously pictnn
Half of thee is of ruby, a third is of jewels
fifth of musk, and a sixth of ambergns : th
resemblest fine pearl ; nay, thou art mc
splendid.
UMiwwvf, Contemplation, m;
tery. Speaking an obscure jargon (as t
Eastern sophs or religions devotees) . A i
eiety of men (particularly a religious orde
\^yai^\ Jj^t, An anchorite or sop
c— fji.tfj\ Jl& , The mystical phUosopb
taw)Xb^ Approving, praising.
tawHi^ Besounding, ezdaimiii
J-o?
(85)
>'
jlyA> toiwir, A piotore, imager effig^.
To psillty I^nKDtb
jlflj /iiMjiyd', Hunting, fowling, chas-
ing, iniuB^ ii^iBg ; eatching an animal in
any way. /*, J-^^i ,• jl ^jj^ ^,li
For tbe MB of Adam ia noaaesaed of stratae^ma,
nd trti&e^ aod rmle : lie captoreth the blrda
ftw tfe fli^, and tiie fiah lh>m the aea; and
callell the moantaiDa, and traaaporteth them
from faejibee to another ; and all thia throngh
^Km^oni and artifiee.
\ Having summer wea-
^. living asywhere in the summer season.
C^Uj kidhui. Laughing at one
n^her.
y;Uj Msm^, Being in eommotion,
&nctad aBMHig themaelTea, fighting, sqnab-
i% together. l^jUi:^ t Id tatadd-
»^ Do not fight together.
*^-^UJ Uda^^ Doohling, increasing,
Rovifig. [place).
JjUJ Uiapd^ Being narrow (mind or
j^ tid^jur, Agitation, pertorhation,
CXr^ UdakJmi, Laughing, mocldng.
slxA^ jU\ tali ^Jl^ IJLit^ l{ v^
;^^ d^ Ijia*^ JJ^^ w-Jil\ ^j ^
jJii\ |»lLfl\, Then the wolf gave the
^ fach a blow, thai he fell down senseless ;
&d vben he recoTered, he laaghed in the
T^fi {Me, spok»giaang for his shamefol words.
V^ t«2%a^. Proceeding slowl J. Sac-
^^ t diesp (when the day is tax adranced).
\jsj Mmtk^, Submifldon, sSpplication.
^i^ iada^f. Doubling, increasing,
■Haying. Making weak.
W/«r, Twiating (hair). J\jSi\i
^/^/i\ Id aUirdn adfur sha^, I
«nutt«istmyhair.
UHi^ Catting in dices.
.jHoj iadammum, Comprehending, con-
taining, including. Undertaking for, hecoming
aecwity (for the performance of anything).
^^yKJj tadmln, Bepairing damage, mak-
ing Batisfiu$tion for an injury. Becoming
aecurity. Lending upon intereet^
iiyoj iadwiffot, Making bright, pellucid,
ahining.
/jljMdJf tadayyvJt, Being ledaoed to straita.
v-n' tadjfl^ Loamg, oonsoming, de-
ftoing. * ^IimII u-.^.»".0 jiCll^^
* Jl^l , In proportion to one's care
and soficitude, eminences are gained ; and he
who seeketh eminence must pass numberless
deepless nights. He dlTes into the sea who
seeketh for pearls, and obtaineth majesty and
perfect success. Wkoso seeketh eminence
without makinfi^ the greatest efforts to obtain
it, loseahis life m seaming for an impossibility.
L,Qjj«n7 iadylf, Beceiving and entertain-
ing hospitably. Causing to incline or decline,
jf j^ ^^ tadylk, Bestraining, compressing,
r^ncing to straits. Hemming in (an enemy).
Arguing closely, putting an anta^nist to a
nonplus. [witb another.
JpjUoJ tatdhuh, According, agreeing one
^jUaj tatdnuh, Feigning deafiiess.
JjUa? Utdundy Usurpation, tyranny, con-
quest, extension of dominion. Treachery.
Kudeness, insolence.
jUaj iatdyur, Flying or fluttering here
and there. [Art
J tatabhub, Pirofessing the medical
I »
^Ji^ taibik, Comparing, confronting.
The applying (one thing to another) so as to
tonch and fit, or to see whether it accords,
either physically or morally. To apply, to
compare.
\,SjjVi7 taibikmy In conformitj.
j^ tatarruky Opposition^ crossing, di-
Tision, distraction. Opposition of synonyms.
Jj^ tairidt Driving away, repulsing,
holding out or brandishing a scourge. J^rsuing.
J^ioj iabrf%, EmbroideEnqgp
tile edge of a gnmeat.
A^iaJ Uft^Mf Gnrinc to
(86)
itng
ebrandi of cue tiee vpon
flaTonr to iti IniH.
Engnftnig
togivea
<0(^y«<y Eztmgiiuiliin^.
.^fiiv fo(/U, KOing tin it orerflowB.
u,>^lVrT taidUuhf JmjmnDg, intenpgatmg,
teurehingy icqnestiiig agam and again.
^Jisj iath^, lifting up, cansbig to
ascend. To take oak, to bring fivth.
:ij]Ut i^ii: c^ «.^, And fhe
lajlon brovglit out ererything thai was in
that TesMl to the diore. Tbey were slow in
taking out the ffoods, wbile I stood writing the
nnmber of the rales,
^^JLLj Mlik, Dismiadng, lepfodiating a
wife, loosening, liberating.
^jAn* UfMl^y Ezdting avarice by
throwing out temptations. J^fi
tatmi^tm It, He did not act so, but to ezette
my eoTetovsnesi — to tempt me.
uJJLj tatawwuf, tSoing itmnd (in pro*
oemon). Berolying.
jljLu tuiawuml, Adorning with a cbain,
ooUar, or necklace ; wearing it ronnd the neok.
^^ taUoi^, Bendering tractable, ob-
ieqnions, obedient.
Jj»^ Uiufll, Extending, prolonging,
•fetching out, lengthening; Phnogning,
giving a delay. JU?UjJb,jU JjJ Jj
IfJf (j:.^1. And thus she oontinned
to act in this way nntil the expiration of the
second year, while I patiently snfFered her,
and did not attach any rahie to what die wss
doing.
L^ taUallan^ Prolixly.
j^ tatahhwr, Purification, cleansing,
sanctifying, washing (with water).
j*^ tat'hJr, Parification,
tatayjfiA, Being embalmed.
aaiHBled, pcrfvmed with aiomatics or Bwe
,[a,j
C/"^^
fJ^:
• ••
iaUffih, Making beantifbl, fri
gmt, sweet, soft, dfliieata. IGligating, soot]
ing, cmeifiating, plearing. ^jp ^
^ILr^ It^ ^^\ j\j3y And she cea«
•ot to sit with her, and console her, and
eomfoit her heart, vntil she was content, u
her bosom became dilated, end she lau^bc
and her tnmble and the ooatnetion of h
bosom, on aooonnt «f her separation from h
fibnily and home, ceased.
ji^ Urifffr, Causing to fly. or moi
witii nudity.
^^^Jsj Mjftn, Bedaubing witii clay.
aJ imdlum. Injuring one anotk
Acting Qttjnstly. Complaining of maU
BBJnries.
yibUflj taadhmry Assisting and defendii
tme another. Appearing, exhibiting one's m
jUoJ tataUnl, Being shaded, in t)
^ade. LJ» Ji ^\ ^^yL Jfp f
11^ \f^ Jil=ci ^^ J^j^M
i^ImJ\ y And we continued to advanc
nntil we arrived at a garden in a beantil
island, wherein where camphor-trees, nn<j
each of which a hundred men nught sha
themselTes.
Jilaj too^Tiim, Aplaintagainstof^ressio
JJJa? UbM, Placing in the shade, ho]
ing an umbrella above any person.
\^\xS ta^tuhf Expostulating wit
recriminating, aooosing one another.
Ji>U7 ta^dul, Equality, parity. Bei
equal, just.
4^ jUjf ia^dl, Carrying on mutual h<
tilities. Injury, oppreasion.
^joj\mj ta^drudf Opposition. Disot
dience, reaistanoe. [Aoquaintan
uJ;U7 («^dr«^, Knowing one anoth<
(87
ie\ju Utihf, Haviiig a maiaal afibo-
twn.
^UJ ta'Mij GiTiiig reciprocal presents.
' Qma^ toga&m to anjthmg. SiideAToiuiiig.
JfflsJ U'^dam, Behaving pompously.
m m ^
So if Aim uKnt to that which I hare asked
oftbfle, ^oawUt, O King of the Age, hsTe
nt tfa£ tihing in its proper place ; and if thoa
mm with pride towwrds na, thoa treatest ns
Boc eqnilablj, nor puisnest with ns the right
c^Uj U^Mby Saooeeding one another
(as daj and Bight).
\j^ U'^hu^ Conversion, inversion.
. ilj ^dft, Baising, exalting one's
1^ ippeaiing conspicaona. Being eminent^
^jrane; deration. The third person pre-
Ime te^ok* IB often joined to toe name of
Oad, sad eiplained in an adjectire aense, as
JUJaUI The most high God. ^Ik^f J
1^ Jf^t tjub ^, So he gave him
^ pieoBB of gold, and aaid unto him : If it he
tbe win of God (whose name he exalted 1), we
viU pecfonn in this place a good work.
J^UJ U^mud^ I>ealing together. Act-
iigt^geftcr. Ohndnesa.
^U? ^dMl, Being blind. Feigning
JjU? lA^'mtk^ A mntoal embracing.
J^ U^wtm^ Assisting, conspiring.
«^ w ia^dhuif Confederating, conspiring.
c;^jj^l» U-^huddi, Conspiracies, ma-
tsal em^nets, leagnea, or agreementa.
ji^ U^yur, Beproaching each other.
w^ ta^ or ta^ahi, Lassitade. Trouble.
Jj^ u:,^x^ ft^^^^f How many
wretched persons do not taste any rest ! and
how many are in luzory, resting and enjoying
thepEuelves in the shade I I find myseu
afflicted by great trouble, and strange is my
condition, and heayy is my load. Others are
happy, and enjoy prosperity without knowing
what adrersity is. Fortune has nerer for a
single day loaded any one with a load like
mine. Ix>rtune has granted to others to be
blest throughout the course of life with happi-
ness and honour, as well as with meat and dnnk.
AU men whom Ood hath created had the same
origin ; this man is my counterpart, and I am the
counterpart of this other ; but between us is a
difference as great as the difference which
exists between wine and vinegar. Tes, in
saying this I do not murmur against thee, 0
my God, for thou art wise, and with justice
thoa hast jadged. A^l (^X)j ^^j
jj\ dJL& JsJ^\^ jjCy lLkJ\, And
that dav was excessiyely hot ; so he was very
weaziea b^ the load, and perspired profusely,
the heat violently oppressing hun.
JuiJ ta^hudf Beceiving as a servant.
The being pious, devout.
Ju^ ta^ldf Bedadng to slavery, re-
ceiving aa a servant
ta^blr, An explanation, interpreta-
tion, declaration, narration. Naming, calling.
Explaining. A word, an expression. To i^-
ply (a name) to a thing. To explain a dream.
ta^t, Knitting the brows.
ta^t, Making old. *
ta^uh, Admiration, wondering.
Being struck with admiration. L^Jlj
«•» _f
\^\jJo ^^ v:uJjy And when he
heard her words, he was astonished ex-
tremely at this strange coincidence, and said :
No doubt I have attuned my aim and ohject
by the capture of her ihther.
(88)
ta^jruf, Being tronblesome, im-
portunate, haTing no sense of shame or reverence.
MT^ ta^ojlfulan, In haste. Hastily.
^^^.s^ ta^^h, Cansing anything to be
like, marrelloas, strange, sorpiising.
Jas^ tacjlM, To oppress to injure, to
harass, to render completely wretched.
J-jK*' ta^'il, Haste, making haste. To
hasten, urge, press, accelerate, to make haste.
H-jc*' ta^'llan, Beforehand. J «Jj
ILs*'^ UL. i^J^ i^\ defu^all dfa
lirah iolafan wata^jUan^ He paid me a
thousand pounds in anticipation and before-
hand.
jIj^ ta^d, Numbering, computation.
JJju to^i»^tM7,P]uraIity,number, variety.
j^»X*7 ta^addl, Cruelty, tyranny, oppres-
sion, exorbitancy, excess, violence.
(^tX«J To oppress with tyranny and
injustice. Tafjxddt^ Passing from one to
another. Being transitive (a Terb). Passing,
superseding. Being infected with a contagion
and communicating it one to another.
JjJ^ ta^l, Equation, rectifying, ad-
justing. Changing slightly, modifying, to
modify.
aj«W ta^dim, Annihilating, destroying.
u^i«j ia^lh, Punishment, torment.
c-^ ta^rub, Being Arabic or Arabian.
Becoming like an Arabian.
ij&j^ to^nrrwi?, Opposition, obstacle, im-
pediment. Oppression, iniury, loss. Meddling
without a right. To meddle with wrongfully,
to offer injury. JjU CXjI U>j^\ \j\
\fjjj^, I know that thou wast a
man of sense, and of ^[ood manners ; and if
thou art changed, I will acquaint her with
this, and inform her that thou hast offered op-
position to her female slave.
ta^rib, Pronouncing Arabic
agreeably to the rules. Conforming a foreign
word to the Arabic Idiom.
\Jii^ ta^Uh, Making a vine-arbour;
propping a vine. [Making conspicuous.
lAj^ to^rf<f, Enlarging, extending.
cjbyXj ta^f, Affirmation, assertion.
Birolanation, notification. Explaining, de-
scribing, description. To describe, to explain.
And she wrote on the door to acquaint her be-
loved with the transport of passion that she
experienced, which was such as would make the
flesh to quake, and melt the most hard rocL
* uJj^ycJl ^1, Idm iUa^f, the definite
article Ji.
(ji^ ta^hy Causing one to perspire.
^JMj tafAtiyat, Consolation, condolence.
jj^ ta^Eir, Correction, reproof. Teach-
ing politeness. Reprimanding, legal punish-
ment.
jljMj ta^H, Benderingpowerful, glorious,
victorious, excellent^ rare, precious, magnifi-
cent. [Perdition catch thee !
^^iM ia^i, Perdition, ruin, d^ Uju
jmm ta^aasur, Difficulty, being difficult
^Miw7 ta^oMuff Iniquity, oppression.
j^kM^Mj ta^ir, Eendering difficult.
cijM»«y ^^/t Iniquity, transgression.
»^1 J * V ^^
B ^ ^
(^.i^AAjcIl , Yerily, the lord pardoneth
and becometh propitious unto his servant
when he has confessed his sins ; and I am a
weak slave, and have committed a.transgrca.
sion in offering thee advice.
(Jj*^*j ta^ll, Dressing victuals, or
making sweetmeats with honey. QoTe.
/JMuukAj tacoaJuhuk, Making, or falling in
^<A*7 ta^hshl, Supping. i^*^
^Jmjuj, To dine and sup.
j^JHm ta^hlr^ Decimating. Dividing
into ten. Collecting tithes. To tithe.
^''^Mi ta^asauh, Partiality. Being
*ajktached to one's kindred. Obstinacy. Sere-
rity, inflexibility, fiigotry, fimatidsm, being
bigoted, to be a bigot [tectef
I^^Mj ta^nm, Being defended, pro-
(89)
J~-
U^, Binding the head with
afiOet
yLu U^stttr^ Making perfomed, being
ibigmt.
^^Jaiu U^dbuiht Feigning thint.
kJbtJ U^gU^, Conuniserating. Being
JbcJ k^tttd^ Being idle, racant.
j^ U^, Pezfoming, diffiudng odonn.
(^Tflau <f^/lff, Gansing to sneeze.
J^ k^Jl, Bendering nseless. Aban-
Mb^ negiectiii^. Causing (any ^ing or
I * ' ' Liue or nnemploTec'
ia^ csBsng to reinain idle. Hotidaj. To
Mj^iomiainimeor nnemploTed. Bemain-
^ from vork, hinder, cause to remain in-
HBfB.
(• •
*iM tMuum, Magnificence, grandeur.
Pn^ Respecting, rereiing, treating with
cnaderatioD ana honour. Deeming and
^maag ss important. To honour, respect,
Kven, veaeiate, or tnat with great oonsiaera-
tios, to deem and treat as important, to giYe
Bpartnoeto.
^«!3aj(a^M,Beverence, respect, honour.
^\Ji]^ ^jlacJb ^Uji And when the
gndoer saw him, he rose to him^ standing
apos his feet, and receiTed him with rererence
adhoaoiir.
UJo*; te^iOsum, In honour of. Be-
y«*fiiDy. [mpted, rotten.
i^ ta^t^fim. Becoming putrid, oor-
^ U^aikud, Being, tied, bound, con-
Bttted, Jutmed. [ing, understanding.
J^ U^jsJdad, Eoreeeeing, comprehend-
"^ te^i, Twisting together, making
BtaykaotL
\i^ U^, To cause to be wise, quiet
a^ ntioiisL To cause a madman to become
■K, tod to Rsume the use of his intellectual
^^ i*i«ffa kUa\kThl mttjanJn^ It has been
«B«ed tiiat I should be the cnrer of the mad.
j^ i^^fkbOf Leaning upon a stick.
j-«J i^Tt Kaking dirty, rendering
vi$«ri,bedanbing, besmearing, loiling.
j^ to^iigy Leaning upon a stick.
^^ju ta^uk, Parentage, relationship,
friendship. Commerce, correspondence. At-
tachment^ dependence. Hanging upon, being
suspended to. Being dependent. l::JUj
4 \^Jy\ _l>- l|^U tij^\ SSJb ^JU0
^ImT c->L^ l^ ^/i Ujj, And
she said : It seems that when I was sitting at
the shop of the merchant, this paper caught to
me : giro it me, therefore, that I may return
it to him ; perhaps there is some account in it
which he wants. il^\ .Xc. ^A^|^
eUa>*]ll c^Lm)^ Joff iUsr^\, And do
thou take care not to quit the garden, for
probably, if she behold thy handsomeness and
beauty, her heart will be captivated by thy
loTC ; since Iotc is the most powerful means of
effecting a union.
c:jULu iacoUukdi, Relations, etc.
«i
JU? ta^allul, An excuse, pretext. Be-
fusal, aTersion, repugnance. Being cajoled,
pacified. JJ^e Jl^, A frivolous or
weak excuse.
Jju ta^aUum, Being taught. Jljuj mAju ,
Teaching and being taught To learn any-
thing. jUfiL^I^ * i*]/\^ \2j^\ ^ Jij
C^^\ Si^\ iJ\ ^^s^lt , And he had
learned writing and reading, and history and
mmmar and philology and archery: and he
learned to play with the spear, and he also
learned horsemanship, and all that the sons of
the kings required.
_U7 ta^aUlf Being high, ascending by
degrees. [or hoisting up.
L\ju ta^yat, Elerating, raising, pulling
(.Jjjuto^/f/; Feeding well (withfodder).
(jAxj ta^lik. Suspension. Delaying.
Being suspended. The Persian mode of
writing the Arabic characters.
j^Aju ta^tn, Erudition, instruction.
^"Teaching, instructing, exerciiing. Practice,
iju
(90)
• •
exercise. Hnitary exerciie, drill. A specimen
copy of a Kholar'i wiitiiig. To teach, in-
straci To cause one to practise or to
exercise. [anything.
(jAiMj ta^ammuk, Ooing deep, or flEir into
ft^^ ta^mmum, Patting on the turban
* ortiara.
^UAJu tamiyat, BlindnesB. Darkness,
obscurity. Being enigmaticaL
ia^ld, Baptizing.
ta^ir, Bepairing, restoring, re-
bnilding. Making any place habitable, eoHi-
Tated, and popnlons.
^J^i^ju ta^lk, Deepening. Penetrating
deeper, pushing further.
^ig>4.tJ ta^tnim, Bendering uniyersal.
^Lh^jJ ta^iyah^ Mystery, enigma.
^^ju ta^fml, Fatigne. Affliction.
tariff InoonTenience, reproach.
ta^nlk, Grasping the neck of
another. [corred.
mm
^y^ ta^aanouff Being bent, crooked,
Oyu ta^awwttd. Being accustomed, fa-
miliar, habituated.
Oyu ta^awwugy Flying (to God).
^yu ia^wtyatf Barking, howling.
ta^ljy Bending, perverting,
jj^ ia^df Habituating, training. To
cause one to contract a habit. To accustom.
y^\ i^jL Jifi jJj» I JJb Syu J la
ta^Ufwid haza til walad fjUa shirb aikhamr,
D<Mi't accustom this child to drink wine.
Jjyu ta^U, Haying recourse to the
Deity against evil.
jiyu tariff Depriving of an eye, ren-
dering blind. [ing.
(^yu ia^ld, Becompensing, reward-
^yo ta^telk, Suspending, delaying.
Bindering, preyenting, ayerting, restraining.
f^^ ta^wlm, Laying down com (when
reaping) by handAils. Bearing fruit eyery
second year (dates).
Jkfu ta^ahhud, Promise, agreement. TTn-
dertakingtoperform, rendering the performance
(of something) obligatory on one's self. To
undertake, to make one's self responsible for
(the performance of something).
ta^ayyM, Beproachingi aocnsing^
rendering infiunous. i
ta^ayyun, Becoming conspicuous,
remarkable. [disgnuang«'
ta^ylbf Beproaching, reviling^
U^^pld, Celebrating a festival.
ta^lfir, Putting to the blush. Be-
proaching, abusing, reyiUng, disgracing.
ta^ylih, Supporting, maintaining.
ta^yft, Crying out
ta^tf^n, Assigning, deputing, or-
dering, appointing, estabUshing, prescribing,
speci^ring, pointing out, naming, fixing, allot-
tug, allowing a ration. To pomt on^ desig-
nato, name, appoint, fix, aUow, allot.
JiU? tagh&fid, Negligence, inadvertency,
carelessness. Dinimulation, fiction. Feigning
oe.
v.,^liu tagh&lubf Overcoming one another.
y\Mj taghdfMOy Winking to each other.
taghbUr^ Baising (or soiling with)
dust
^^Juu taghaddlt Dining.
£» Jju taghdiyatf Causing to dine.
4^«)ju taghataHf Being nourished, fed.
(mgjju ta^hamth, Travelling to foreign
parts. GK)ing towards the west ^^SJiSlJ
cr* tj* ^^^ <^' i/^ ^y^^^
jiX«!lj^^! ^^ J-«^» Baw amber
is rubbish in its natiye country, but by going
abroad it becomes the ornament of the necks
of the fiur. likeirise the collyrium, in its
own country, is nothing but a stone, which is
cast aside and thrown at random on the hif h
road ; but when transported abroad, it is held
in great yeneration, and is eyen carried be>
tween the eyelid and the pupil of the eye.
l)jii\ ij Lj:i\ * Jui\i, And he Bsid :
>-
(91)
\iS
If fcrtmie dotbe Uiee in the garb of destita-
tioa, pat oi the gumenU of deptrtoie, and
tamthnuL And I replied onto him : By
Beire&I I ctsnot endure traTelling and going
afaraad. Boides, the proTerb says : The
hai}i^-pbM ii preferable to eitrangement.
Ciju iagkimd, The singing of birds.
jiju (afitrfhrnr, Gmglingin the throat
nuneAaatian of words in the throat.
m
iiju UfirijMty Anointing. Giuiiig.
^^ UghnUf Fhinting a tree.
J>yt7 Ughr^ Immersing, plnngingy
(hekiD;, drowning, sinking. .
|iJ|yu kfkfwt, CompeUing oae to pay
(eneoaD J what ke does not owe). Fuiing,
Boletii^.
jJu Ughoinil, Washing the body.
u^l J^ ♦ ^Uy ^ ^ j^J ^ 1^ ji^
«£jtji ;^iifi J « ty^it ^j^ ^Uj,
And when H was moniingy the king and his
■ode entered the bath, and washed them-
i^res: then they came forth, and drank some
viae, and the Attendants placed before them
M, and the kmg and bis nnele ate nntQ
tiHj ware satisfted, and washed tiieir hands.
taghhiffoh, GoToring, yeillng,
[anger.
UifhMUtih, Being proTofced to
\fi^iaghaffid, Being oarole88> being neg-
%ait jy^\ ^\j ^ ^)J^\ J^
^Un \^, The fear of Ood is the
Fiaepb of every importaait thing; it is the
^Mfath, and a firm pillar. Death is an in-
2^tnfaUe trath, ana a promiae which nerer
"^ Be not tkflo, Oman, be careless 1
*-r^ %WW, Power, superiority^
^^^OBioance; tymmy, oppreoaioa. Snbieet-
lag, nbjngtting, taking possession (of a aty).
'^ iaghht, Cansing to err. Accusing
^ a tmr, i^refaendzng, schooling.
y* %Wi, Exaggerating, aggravat-
Ht *|grandizing, thickening. To speak
™Wy. ♦ Jury U Jiu\ * -UU (JlJUi
• !•
So his mother said to him : Do as thou wilt,
bat beware of speaking mdely to him when
thon addrmseet kim, for thon knowest the vio-
lence of his temjier and bis power ; and I fear
lest he make a yiotent attack apon thee, since
he knows not the dignity of any one.
JjJju UglMty Shutting the door.
jJU^ Ugkammtd^ (God) covering (sins)
with mercy (saying a sinner).
taghmld^ Half shutting the eyes.
,Jju taghanm^9 Using all the endearing
words and attitudes of loTors. [h^-
^Iju tughanni, Singing, chanting, warb-
ijyu taghwijfah, Seducing, deceiving.
Eluding.
MP
jJu taghofffUTf Change, alteration.
Changing one's self, l^^ o o.iM^rf Uii
JUi * y Ip-^j ♦ l^fTj^U ♦ Ifi/i
CJ!c!l»- , And when she heard the de-
scription of her, she knew her, and her coun-
tenance became sallow, and her state became
cluuiffed. So he said to her: 0 my sister,
why has thy oountenanee beoome sallow, and
why has thy state changed P
C^l^ taghayywr&U Changes, etc.
(^;...«;«Jv^Ayfi, Causing to absent. Con-
cealing.
j^ taghfir. Alteration, making a
change. _!1 iZ ?i> f r. U^ S^y^\ \yCfj
jJc^^ (J^ sj^f Eestore my heart to
my breast as it was, and let my eyes sleep
again, and then forsake me. Do you think that
the nights haye changed the yow of loyeP
May he cease to Uye who ehangeth I
^IaJ tmjS^ coU. Apple. <U»-U7 htjpl-
hiffahf Apple saooe. [aelyes.
l\Ju tafdkhur, Boasting among them-
^UJ ta/Mr^ Commentaries, para-
phrasee. Explanations.
(92)
J--tfU5 tafSLAl (or JujUj), Divifliona into
Bectioiu. Distinct diaoonnes.
J-^U; ta/ddul, A superiority (in number
or quantity) oyer another. A remainder, a
difference.
CLJ^UJ tafSuna, Difference, distinction,
separation, disparity, discrepancy, contradiction.
^^U; tafcLwud, Consulting together.
ViS-ci; ta/attui, Being broken to pieces.
-^w tafaUuh, Being open, unbarred, un-
locked.
Jii? tafattuk, Being split, broken, cleft.
(JsAj Ai/a«w/, Being twisted (rope).
*^ '^.?-''^ ^y^^^, Breaking, crumbling.
0^Ai tafilh, Opening, unbarring.
tA?^ t(rfeUhy Inquiry, examination. To
search. ^\^\ j_«^ J| J^^ljj^
uV t^!^ * ^3 H/*^» ^d he
has sent in every direction to search for tiiy
son and the Queen Marah, and we hope to
get tidings of them in the nearest time and the
shortest while.
ijfsu tafifk, SpUtting, breaking, burst-
ing (anything sewed).
i^c^ taftU, Goat^s hair resembling
silk, and often more yalmble.
J-iij tafiU, Twisting (a rope).
ijAsT^ tafahhug, Investigation, disquisi-
tion, inquiry, demanding information.
tafakhkhur (oTji^), Being proud,
wasting, thinking yainly of one's self. Being
exalted, honoured.
tafkhtr, Excelling another in glory.
ForeteUing glory and happiness*
f^i^ tafkhlm, Magnifying, honouring.
^^ W^if^, Eecreation, relaxation of
mimi, walking, riewing, contemplating, he-
holding. To recreate the mind, to amuse
one's self, to seek for amusement.
desired, for my amusement, to Tisit the islands,
and therefore emharked with a fleet of ten
ships, and took with me provisions sufficient
for a whole month. I proi^eded twenty days
on my sea-Toyage.
OjsJ tafmrud, Being singular, incom-
parable. Singukrity, separation (from the
rest of the world).
(jMjij (afarua, Judging sagaciously from
physiognomy or appearance.
)ffjSo tafarrut, Preceding, excdling others.
^Jaj tafarru^, Being propagated, mul-
tiplied (branches).
^jkj tafarruffh, Being racant, at leisure.
jyiJ ^0/0rn«^,Discrimin8tion,8eparation.
ijjiJ tafrika, Separation, dispersion.
^j^ tafrij, B«laxing the mind. Ban-
ishing grief or anger.
f^jAj tafrlh, Exhilarating, rejoicing.
^^" to>f^^ Hatching (birds). Shoot-
ing forth branches.
^yu tafrit, Acting carelessly, deficient
in the performance of any duty, forgetting, re-
linquisning, losing an opportunity. Exaggera-
tion and shortcoming. Doing mora tha*^
necessary, and doing less. Sacrificing.
<lL4^1, Then she turned her face
towards her &ther, and said : Hast thou teen
any one who could sacrifice such a handsome
bemgP
^^ ^a/H^, Producing branches. Being
produced, generated. [veeseL
^yj tafrtffh, Evacuating, emptying a
^jij ta/rlk, Separation, division^ dia-
. tinction.
Uj^ tafinkan, Separately.
lL^jSij tafrik, Rubbing with the hands.
fj[ Ji; tajtic. Striking with terror.
m 1-
^^ tafasmh, Being ample, capadous
(place). tdwtroyed.
j^***' tafas9ukh, Being dissolved, broken.
0^
(93)
U;
tafni. Destroying, overthrowing.
CorroptiDg, nuning.
j^mij tafiir, Explanation, commentary,
ptnphnae. An interpretatioiu
£^ tafuiuhf Displaying eloquence.
J^dAj tafAl, Distinction, division (into
dupteis), dissection. Prolixifcy in diacoune.
Laft7 Ufnlan, (or J^«idis]l ^^J^), Dis-
HaeHjf at foil length, clearly explained.
J^ i^addul. Excelling, being eminent.
To oblige, to show favour to any one.
i^\ hjy^\ as^^ ^1 jU^ * _U ^yaiu
4l li^iA^y I am (ashamed) abashed at
thj Iffother ; for he has shown fnYonr nnto me,
sid presented me with this magnificent present,
vUcQ the people of the eartk would fail to
procQie; and Terily I am very mnch obliged
to him. * L^\ IjM. , J^ C^\j\^
,jU JtocJ^ ^^^MAsT, And I see that
t£at thon loTest me with the utmost love, and
thoa hast shown me every kindness, and pre-
ferred me above all whom thou lovest and
desrest How then could my heart be happy
vere I to quit thee, and to depart from thee P
and how oonld that be, when thou bestowest
benefits and fiivonn upon me.
\jf^t^ ta/dld, Covering or omament-
i^ Vy inlaying with silver.
Jf^ tafiil, Preferring, exalting. Pre-
ference, pre-eminence. J^moaiJI j^\,
A eomparative or superlative noun.
ijw iafaiiun. Understanding, prescience.
t^kJaAi taftU, Snffooating, suffocation.
^j^ iaftin^ Ifaking one to understand,
to look at, or to conaider anything. Making
o>s to remember.
^ Ufakhid^ Searching for, inquiring
^il%cnUy. To inquire after the health.
isij tafakkuh, Studying divine subjects.
jti^ij tafkir, Bendering poor.
^j0*Mj tafJils, To hatch, hatching.
jlj^ «^ J {j^fj^ to/kis dad el harir,
The hatching of silkworms, which in Syria
takes place in April and May, and they begin
to spin in July.
<LiiJ tafltih, Teaching the law.
ili? tafakkur, Thinking, reflecting.
CCCflJ tafakkuk, Being disjoined, dis*
solved, separated, broke open.
^,L^n^°" tafMk, Difijoining, separating.
JJu tufl, Spittle, saliva.
Jju tqfl, To spit. ^\ <ti^^ ir^^ f^
jl^Jall, Then Joharah pressed him to
her bosom, and uttered some words not to be
understood ; aiter which, she spat in his face,
and said to him : Be changed from this human
form into the form of a bird, the most beautl-
Ail of birds.
^mmIaJ tafiii^ Being indigent, unable to
pay debts. Declaring one a bankrupt. Name
of a city.
i^S^ tufang^ A musket, an iron rocket
used in war.
r^yij tafawwakf Superiority over another.
J^ tafawwul, Presaging happily, taking
a g^ood omen from a name, etc. Foretelling.
ifyu tafawwuh, Speaking, pronouncing,
being talkative, delivering (a speech).
jyu tajwir, Causing to boil or ferment.
^^ aaJ tafwtd, Committing, resigning,
confiding, referring to another. Authorizing.
1^ tafahhum, Understanding, perceiving.
jf^^ tafhlm, Teaching, instructing.
^ tik, Take care ! dread ! avoid !
(JjUji takdhtd, Encountering, standing
face to face, looking at one another.
JjUj takdtul, Contending, fighting,
slaying.
jj jUj takddlr, The fates, divine decrees.
ji;
(94)
>"
^^Ia7 tal&rubf Approaclimgoneanother.
Being near.
^ jUj takHru^ Casting lots.
^U? iaidnmf Awwdating. Fdlowing.
Being allied. [anofher.
wis? taldium. Dividing among one
i^\Sj Uilsdi, A mntnal exercise of the
law of repriBal {lex ialumi§) ; a mntnal ex-
change of employment^ or the like.
I^UJ (for ^^UJ) takAddj Donning, im-
portuning, woiTjing for anything dne.
JbMj takatuTf Distilling drop by drop.
^UJ takdtu^y Intersection.
Ae\Sj iakd^ud, The state of an old ser-
Tant pensioned off.
c^Uj tukdhh, Changes, revolutions.
The licuatadee of fortnne.
J^U? takduml, Conversing together.
ajUj taidumm, Bising one against
another, getting np to fight.
aJ^U? taidtatm, Calendars, ephemeras,
Places of planets.
,^<u5j> iakhih, Looking upon and stigma-
tiiing aa bad and improper. To stigmatize
as hM. and improper.
i^i-Ju takblly.'Khaxkg. A kiss. LiJi
j^^ * *^^ iij^, U^J^ lM J^^
^/yLsr', And when he entered, he
kissed the eroond before him and saluted with
the best scuutation. And when the king saw
him, he rose to him, treated him with the
greatest honour, and ordered him to sit, and
he sat.
(J^P>Sj taktll, Slaughter, killing numbers.*
mS^ takahhum, Bushing violently. Be-
haring aniiously or importunately in any
matter.
a-aat^ tak'hlm, Precipitating, thrusting
* one thing suddenly into another.
jJiAJf taJcadduTy Being pre-ordained, de-
creed, predestined. Being measured, propor-
tioned. Possessing intrinsically the power or
force of another giren .object; being equal
'— '^ thing to another).
^/00^ tabutius, Being pure, holy. Being
pmified. Making one*a self dean, pmiiying.
Saaetifyiag.
aSaJ iakaiiwm. Precedence, pre-ezoel-
hmee, prafeience. Toadvance. ^^\
^k }^ \S^ (^^» al^i. tdkadiam
hmUm iia Tafa^ The eoemy has adraaoed as
fiu- as Jaffa.
cz^'UJa; idkaddmULt, The pluial of
a«xa7. Pieoedences.
i^jiJ ialdimaty The proposition of a
syllogism. Bacrifioe to God.
JjjiJ tnkdid, Drying in the air or
smoking (flesh cut into oblong pieces for
future use).
jiJMj iaUlr, Predestination, the inevit*
aUe decree, fixed fiito.
Cl^l^ji; iakdhrdi, Plural 9i jiSij^ as
^\ ci^L| J^, The divine decrees.
^^jiJ takdiSy Sanctity, purity; sancti-
fying, magnifying.
aJ[«XaJ tdkdim^ (Hving precedence, de-
siring to go before, or take the chief j^laoe, pre-
fening, promoting. Proposing, offenng, hold-
ing out. ij^ \J\Ss\ \ySi kaddamu
a^MmraHf kattrah^ They made much apology.
JUj« j^^ Jc^\ ^ J^lj ^^
JU- J^ i^ ^ JuJl, And he put
before him some of the various excellent,
delicious, and exquisite viands. So the porter
advanced, and, naving said, In the name of
God, the Compassionate, the HerciAil, ate
until he was satisfied and satiated ; then he
said, Praise be to God in every case !
imSjOj takarruh, Access, approximation,
union. To approach.
-JaJ takarruh, Sappurating (a sore).
Being corroded with ulcers.
jjSii takarrur, Being fixed, established.
Being firm, settled, confirmed. Belatlon, repe-
titioD, account.
i^m^Jo takrlh, Approaching, proximity,
neighbourhood. Appearance, probability. Pre-
tence, motiye. An offering, a sacrifice. To
give access, to cause to approach. To offer a
JJC
(95)
5"
Tictim (to Ood). l^j^-o-L^ 2l1 ^^iU
*? ^r^jL) ^^. **^'ji ^^» -^nd
die Bate of the home gaye bim pennusioii
to m kaal^ and he eat. And the matter
eaand kill to drsw near onto him, andbeg^
to e^yBwith oanTenatum and to welcome
Ida.
\iji /oiriidM, ISf ear to, about.
jljj tskir, Strengthening, confirmation.
i unstne. idation, redtal, aecoant, detail.
A oqbMod, extorting tiie truth bj torture.
^^/j Ubrid, A peouliar kind of ap-
pnbito^ eritidna of any book by a perK>n
"TpoNQ to be an excellent jndge of the sub-
M viueh is always prefixed to &e work to
vUcbitrdatei.
fji/j tAUf Anociatuig, aooompanying,
j«iUB;toge&er.
o^ kbutut, Distribating equally.
f^ tdauimj Dividing, separating.
Beng difidfid. Mattered, dianpated.
t^ UhUM, Division, in arithmetic.
/jj kkad^itr, Being peeled, skinned,
mliazked.
*2iJ taktkir, Peeling, excoriating.
j-^ <«ter, A defect, error, faulty
Wto. Abbieriation. To be in fault
^ii-fiiJ tftfctfrd^. Errors, defects, etc.
Jaij UkaUwr, Dropping, being ready to
dropor&tiL
5^ iffibM^, Catting into many parts.
^^■K^^. Dividing the diffeient depart-
Bsii of any bnaineaa among one another.
^ ioiflr, Distilling.
t*^ ^^^Ij The cesnrsy or pause in
^^ Uitlf, Gathering grapes.
^-iUS t4iajkuf. Trembling (especially
'^wM), chattoing (Ae teeth).
^ Wya , Locking doors.
S*^ i^Ukih, A revolution, change.
^^UiJl l|l ^yuiiJ Ja yanbaghl
gj**"*"*** *a*a«5,'8he should not be so
^iSfaWWd^, Bevolutions, changes.
kUfiJ iaiaUud, Giving an investiture.
Putting a Bword-belt round the neck or oyer
the shoulder.
jifij takalluf^, Being removed, torn up,
^^^ takhh, Eevolving, inverting, con-
verting, turning upside down, rerolting. Boil-
ing, tumbling, throwing off.
.^a7 taihh. Waxing strong (a pknt).
jJIj iakhd, Imitation, representation,
oounterfeiting. Placing round one's own neck
a necklace, or over one ahoulder as a baldric
Becoming obedient to, following, imitating]
mimicking. v, i, Jl jJiJ taklidul
self. The investiture with ti^e sword (the
parallel ceremony to crowning tiie Sultan).
\^lM^ ♦ iZ^\jiU\ ^^\ t^dJjLy^
j^i ^^^o • ^5u WJi ^ujn
* ijL;LiLJl , And I ordeied them to
clothe themselves with the long coats of mail
and to hang on the keen swords, and to place
in rest the terrible lances, and mount the fcirh.
blooded horsea. ^
j-^ takn^, Bemoving, splitting, tear^
ingup.
JJij taiia, Diminishing, causing to look
less. ^^UU \uij^^ LUi kaUalnd
masrufana lUffhaj^^ We have much reduced
our expenditure.
j-4i; takmlr, Toasting bread.
\^ tahwa (for ^^^\ Kety. The fear
of God.
CLyj takawuna, Being nourished, sup-
ported. Qia. Ju^l ^^ > ^ -. W- 1
^^ ^^ TiJi J J' ^ ^>5i;
^^ CiLiij ^^- J^, And cut
fire-wood in the desert, with the price of
which thou mayest nourish thyself (thou mayest
fupport thyself), untU God dispel thy dis-
tress; but acquaint no one with thy history,
else they willldU thee. ^*
^jwJaj takauncus, Being crooked, curved.
Arming with a bow.
^yj takawwum, Becoming constituted,
confirmed.
4^^ taktoif, The fear of God, piety.
IC
(96)
j^-
gloiiou qualities are in thte united, ponBcrocd
of them may thon continue to be of fortnne
the faTonrite : Faith, piety, glory, mnnifioence,
flnency, eloqaenoe, pre-eminence, and yictory.
\^^ takawvfi^ Becoming powerfal,
strong, oonrageous.
4j^ tdhuoiyatf Corroboration, confirm-
ing, fortifying, restoring, comforting, promot-
ing, prop4:ating.
yttJ^ takwU, Bending the bow of
lore. Becoming crooked, decrepid (old men).
^^yij takicid, Substituting one thing
for another.
mI^ iakwlmf An ephemerisi calendar,
almanac. Adjusting, fixinff a price. Making
straight or upright. Setting in order. To
make straight or upright To set in order,
arrange properly, to rectify.
j^sj takahkur, Betiring back.
_aJ taia, Pious, fearing Ood.
,^3j takayifuh, Becoming purulent
(wound).
■I
JuiJ takayyud, Attention, diligence, ap-
plication. Jui^i To give attention,
to dedicate one's endeaTOurs to gain any point.
To take great care and pains.
0^^^ toityfA,Making purulent (a wound).
J 10 toMbur^ Playing the great man
upon one another, bebaying superciliously.
ii'lO takd-at, A prop, a support, a
walking-stick, a cushion, a pillow.
c^lO takatuh, Writing to one another.
wlC takdtum, Dissembling mutually.
^ICl takdmr, A multitude, abundance.
Multiplying. Increasing in number, becom-
ing numerous. [other.
L^j\ij takdtuh, Lying, deceiving each
AjlC iakdrum, Being honourable. Dis-
daining anything mean. [Becoming idle.
fJ^Mj iakdndf Negligence, indolence.
ujLm»IC iakdshuf, Disclosing (their mu*
tual vices) to each other.
JIC takdlum, Bevisiting, conversing.
i^^lC takdhf, Impositions, pnblic
burthens, taxes, tributes, exactions, oppres-
sions, contributions.
JjlC takdyud, I)eceiving one another.
lAij tdkk&yahy A pillow.
jSj talabhur, Arrogance, haughtiness,
Sride, loftiness, presumption, ambition, gran-
eur. Being proud, haughty, and insolent.
^llH J^ /^^'^i 0 most ignorant
of the beasts of prey, and most stupid of the
wild beasts, hast thou forgotten thj haughti-
ness, insolence, and pride, and thy disreganling
the rights of companionship, and thj Astain-
ing from being adyised by the saying of the
poetP
ji^ takbir, Aggrandizing. Magnifying
Qod by saying^l ^1, GK)d is greatest.
c, ^j'v.Cj takiib, Assembling or drawing
up an army in divisions. Writing, teaching,
or causing to write. [iog*
^jr.(.7 iaktlm, Concealing, covering. Hid-
1^ takauwr, Being multiplied. Being
enriched. [multiplying.
j^^ takHr, Augmenting, increasing,
J^r^ takahhid, Tinging the eyes.
jjSj takaddur, Being turbid, impure,
dark (colour; liquor, etc.). Being disturbed,
afflicted, unfortunate.
jj J^ takdlr, Bendering turbid. Offend-
ing, distressing. ^ls)l^J^, Pertar-
bation of mind. |i£«^ ^^ v_-^i>f ^
v^yLlsr lam ymhah iUd takdiran U-
khatirly He did not go but to yex me (to tease
me). •c:XjCiUj^lU<l^
(l<iU * iKjLLj \'.ii,,r: tsLijoi JA»
il/JL JIjiKj^Ij J\ «uJfc^1, And
they said to him : What is the newt, and what
males thee weep P Thou hast troubled (worn
out) our life by thy weeping. It seoneth that
thou conceivest a longmg to see thy mother
and thy country.
Jd^ tak%lb, Accusing of £Bdsehood,
^jSj
(97)
JO
UsjH 2n ish-ah tdlik tUd tahlhan
lisa^miki I Si mat explain tfaisi bat to giye
thslktBlHi
j\^ tdrir, Sepetitian, doing repeat-
edly, ow asie, ngaisL [preaaed.
^JjtaMn, Being contracted, com-
jjj Idmv, Bepeating, reiterating.
Ifjjj tdmfiu, Being contracted, com-
prased
fjj idmrtun, Being honomed, magni-
ki i^oified, omobled, liberal, disdaining
•WTtiuir bttft. Hommr, glory, nobility,
4gBtj, Uienlitf . To beitow great fEiToan
iipoo my (me. Jjb ^ |^ju.«>\j Lii^Ui
^tf She aaidy O my lord and
Bate, is the recompeinie of beneficence angbt
IttbeDelbeiiee? Aon hast treated me with
^^i&«aB6, and bestowed upon me great
nnui.
1/^' ^dlfffnil, Loathing, detesting.
i/j <tfirir, Bepetition, reply, revisal,
'enewiL To repeat, repeating. *^^jj^
^ ljb*3j1 ^L^ *)<*^1 JjI, She
med at him again and again, and was not
Jjwd with contemplating his face ; nay, her
Mn |»r him inenased ezceedingly.
tri/j tabu, Ikying the foundation of
a boose. c^Lj il; takrUdt, Dedioa-
^/j MriM, Honoar^ respect, rever-
<*^ To treat with honour and reyerence.
*iUj^b ^\;^j\^f, But
N»beto Godfor thy ««ety! Then he
^'^^^ae vith beneficence and honour, caused
•*todmr utn io him, and began to cheer
* *Bh eottTersatioa and courteiy.
^"^.p UArimdi, Beverences, salnta-
"r [gai..
V^ <«bMM&, Gaifiing, studying to
ZSj takasmr, Being brokenj spent, de-
biUtated.
j^mSj taksir, Breaking in pieces.
(^.^LmSj takslf, Eclipsing, darkening (the
sun). [etc.
A^m^Cl taktiyah, Investing with a robe,
L^mCj takshiff Beyealing, disclosing.
fJKj tdkaffidy Becoming security, giving
caution fbr another.
j^ iakfar, (Greek rov Kuptov\ The
Greek Em^ror of old.
jJSj Ukfir^ Covering. Expiating a
orime (doing penaaoe or paying a mnlet as
atonement). [dead.
^jfi^ idkfiMf Shroudings burying the
L^oE^.7 UkaSlMfy Inconvenience, trouble.
Ceremony, dissimulation. Expensiye and
ceremonious obflerrances, preparations.
c:.9Uliuf taiaUufat, Troubles, incon-
yeniences. Ceremonies, compliments.
JK7 takaUul, Being crowned, putting
on a crown.
JSj tdkaUumy Conversation, eloquence.
* Talking. To conyerse, to speak, to relate, to
tell. i5^^V jJ^ d^ hal tatakal-
lam hil^rahlf Do you speak Arabic ?
Li ..^Jj^SIIj ^\ \j\ ana atakaUam
hilinglhi kaltlan, I speak a little English.
Uu^ Jio takallam sart^n, Speak
quickly, i^j^y^^ J^ tl^USl ^1 J
blla.^- l^ w4uwuj Jj, Then the king
aidLod the female slaves whether she had
spoken, and they said to him : From the time
of her arriyal to the present moment she has
not spoken one word, and we have not heard
her talk.
^M,J(7 taklliy Calcining. Plastering.
i^iJiHl takhfy Ceremony. An offering.
The imposition of a burthen. Making a pro-
posal, proposing, a proposal. The casting any
charge or duty (upon one). A tax, a due, an
impost Ceremony. \^^ (^^'^ ^Ij
lfb.>j 31 , But if I be unable to per-
7
L"
(98)
uilJ
fonn thy want; Qod impoBefl not upon a
person aught saye what he is ahle to accomplish.
J«Kj taklil, Crowning.
JJ!sCj takammtd, Being entirei perfect,
ahsolute. [betraying.
^j^ takammuHf Lying in ambash,
i^^i^ij takmll, Perfecting, finisbing, com-
pleting, satisfying, performing.
_IC takannl, Being described by a word
"which has properly another meaning. See
the next.
LjJoT tdkniyat, Making nse of the
rhetorical fignre, metonymy (by which the
matter is pat for the matenate, as * He died
by steel,' ».«., by a sword).
MiSjtakwlm, Accomulatingy heaping np.
^Jl^ tahuBUn, Creating, producing, giv-
ing a being or b^^inning to, causing to exist.
i^ tahiyah, A place of repose, anything
"npon which one leans. A conrent of derwishes,
Aji asylnm.
Jj tally A little hill, a heap of sand.
la>-lLji tal&hui^ Looking back at one
another.
(j>-^ taldhukf Following successiTely.
^J^^ taldshij Dispersion, annihilation.
i^jitlLi tal&tuf, Benevolent, favourable.
Jfflj taldtum, Fighting, buffeting. Jisij
-^I^S), The dashing of the waves.
uJ)/5IJ Telegraph.
S^ taldJclf A meeting, re-union.
J]LJ til< Hills, hillocks. [dents.
2fiX^)L7 taldmitah, Scholars, pupils, stu-
«X^)lj taULmiZf Disciples (of Christ).
^yj * JSlli l^M cia J J^ ciX^ ^
^JU? dU \y$ ^J^^l^Jl jJ^\ j^l i^hj
iX»jc^tj jiM^\ , And after this he
remained a few days, and was admitted to the
mercy of God, whose name be exalted ! And
they mourned over him and were afflicted
tn the utmost affliction. Then came the
wit
disciples, and commenced the decorous reading
aloud of the holy text, and offered to Goc^
(may He be exalted !) thanksgiyings, andiang
praises in his glorification.
ijij taldwat, Beading. The decorous
reading aloud or intoning of a holy book.
^jij taldwumf Mutual accusation.
(-^.Jj talbf Loss, damage, destruction.
^Mj*\7 taJhUf Dressing, clothing, putting
on garments. Concealing ^the truth, the
faults of goods on sale, etc.), cheating, de-
ceiTing. Failing in proring one's all^ations.
faults of goods on sale, etc.), cheating, de-
Failing in prorinff <
Fraud, fallacy. A knaye. Mixture, confusion.
J\3 taloisum, Kissing. Yeiliog the mouth.
fi^f^ tayim, Bridling.
(^MT^ talahhuf, Covering with a sheet, etc.
^;«^ ialhin, Speaking badly, pro-
nouncing the vowels with impropriety. Speak-
ing melodiously, reading witn a sweet tone of
YOice. [tion
fjc^^s^ tdlkhli, An explanation, declara-
tion, a report or abstract of State affairs pre-
sented to the king by the referendaries.
J jjj UdoMuUf Pleasure, taking pleasare.
u.flla)ij talaituf, Blandishing, favouring,
showing kindness. iJ Ulalj Cj3 J Jjii
f^ galika talattufan bih, He did so to show
him his kindness (out of kindness to him).
CL^UDj ialatiufdt, Caresses, favours.
c Qm]n\j taltlf, Caressing, comforting. (A
superior) making (some one) feel that he is an
object of favour. Treating with marked kind-
ness and condescension.
^■ViA !? tahMMl, Burning, flaming. ^^
* Jjjm4uJ1 lt^. Who will save m<
from the love of a charming gazelle, with i
face like the sun; nay, more lovehrP M;
heart was at ease, free fr^m love of her, bu
now bumeth with passion for the daaghier o
Essemendel.
L,i.^til7 tala^(^, Playing, trifling, toying
u.a)J talaf, Huin, destruction, killing
Profusion, expense, prodigality, consnmptioi
Losing. ♦ u^j^ 3* (^i^Jj}}^^ ^
_5 * ij:.^iljJi \u*^ i\^
>-
(99)
U
*^li j»^t (^ JJ^ , Distant is the
^{JitA)uAmj patieooe has fidled;
bow eaa I winaot to them (to m j beloTed)
oTCr^ab^oftiwaeaP Or how can I be
paticBt^aiij rkals are ooosomfid by lore
of her, od I kre exdhanged ileep for wake-
ftilaai?
^^^ ^^ Bending, taming away
(tbe 6»)l Qnnderiiig eyery eireomstaiiee.
• a **
^parted
cdl kgu to walk along the yalleyy looking
(i^i piaee in wkidi I might paas the night
^tdgfia, Firtmnnciationy expression,
iitaoiatioo, ipealdng.
"^ ^f^/f Wrapping one's self ap.
Ba>| iiTdfed, enyeloped, wrapped up.
M^' i^fh, Phmnndation.
tdfif, InyolTing, covering up.
'^j' Wa, Sewing together.
ioikvh, Assnming a surname
(«tiUe).
ifukUid, Collecting eveiywhere,
pi^aia^ v^ (what haa &]len on the ground).
r^ <sfif>, Qmng a surname (or
ait). "^
^ iMk, Liocukting or vaccinating.
j?«J ^oSfji, Lutructingy informing. An
"^sj^cting or prompting Wra voce (eapecially
fi done to the dead, when first buried, by an
^aa, on ftc nbjeeta of their creed). To
■tte repeti, to make aay after one's aeit
^tiika{(enL ofCi3i), That(woman).
i J'j *V*11 iKb^ Ui falammd
J*»^A rob/ mitmA iala laKoy And when
» aw that woman, he aaid to her
^i I m«ittd at my arriTalat that town, being
e*p J^ my walkin|f, anxious, sad, and
^ My eonditioa being thus chaneed, I
»>9twliither to direct mysell
^ WkiA, Indicatiog. showing.
'^ Wiali (or JuJj), A scholar, stu-
i^t Adiiciple,pipiL
^r Wiiwwtt, Pollution, conlanuna-
^a. BoBgiittBed.
J"
^JLj ialawwtm, Being coloured. Bemg
adorned. Changing colour. Capridouaneas
or inconstancy of dispoaition,. TersatOity of
character. [tudea.
(Zj\jyj talawwundt, Changes, vicissi-
ci-^jb talwU, Soiling, polluting. To
soil, pollute. [Twisting one's self.
i^yJ talawwi, Being bent, distorted.
dji^ taknyahf Twisting, bending, shak-
ing the head, turning it away.
^^ talwin, Colouring, adorning, dis-
tinguiahing.
u^^fli talahhub, Burning, flaming.
imJtfJ ialahhuf, Lamenting, regretting
(anything neglected). Crying Ah ! alas !
talhl, Playing, sporting, un-
bending.
i». 1 j^lj talhlh, Burning, inflaming.
4^fJ ttdhtyahf Loving, delighting in,
unbending the mind, taking amusement (in
order to forget gridf). Dismissing, letting
alone.
^flj^lj talhif, Crying out in anguish. Ah !
^Jjj talayyun, Being softened, smoothed.
Being caressed, cajoled. Being gentle, placid,
benign.
^jAj talayyun, Softening, smoothing.
Cajoling, flattering.
^ tammay It is finished. This word (or
L^\s^\ jw, The book is finished) is
generally written at the end of a book, similar
to our Finis or l%e End.
JmjUJ tamdsll, Pictures, images.
J^Uj tamdfud, Contending for glory.
i^jUJ tamddi, Perseverance.
{jioj\aj tamdrudf Peigning a disease.
^jUJ tamd%uh, Jesting together.
(jmUj tamd99, Mutual contact, to touch
each other.
LlUJ tamdshd, Sight-seeing, surveying,
▼iewing (any spectacle) on a promenade.
a\aj tamdm. Entire, perfect, complete,
safe, untouched. All, whole.* Finished, ac-
complished, performed. Conclusion, end, ter-
mination. ^Uj jUc, Pull weight.
/bLCj^ , Pull moon. ^J fjjjJ -£L1 b
(100)
tjAJ
Ll^lby 0 my brother, I have no
Airther waat of the ahop, for I have aooom-
plUhed the purpose for which I took it, and I
giTe it to thee, with all that it oontaina,
lolely on acooont of thy haying oome ahroad
with me, and thy abeenting thyself from thy
ooontry. [tally, completely.
UUJ iamAmanf Wholly, entirely. To-
LL^j\aj tamdfffut, Feigning to be dead.
Killing one's self.
iJjUj iamdiful, Inclining, leaning to a
side, stooping. To incline the body from side
to side as women do in the East when walking.
And she clad him in women's apparel, and
said to him, Walk behind me, and incline
thy body from side to side as thon steppest,
axM proceed not with a hasty pace, nor tsikd
notice of any one who may speak to thee.
ajUJ tamdffim, Amulets, charms.
^»AJ tamattu^ Oaining, nsing, ei^ ey-
ing. The income tax.
Jll^ i%m9ial^ A figure, a drawing or
statue. ♦j,^^\^^^yj^1^*
^ JU^, Then the Wezeer came forth
fmrn the hareem and seated himself upon his
coach, and lo ] that seryant repaired to him
with the ring and statue in his nand, and said
to him.
(J;m#«j tamM^ Comparison, 'similitude,
resemblance. An allegory, parable, fable,
apologue. [etc.
^ tamOldi, Examples, allegories,
tafnajjud^ Being Verified.
tamjidt The glorification of Ood.
tamhiyakf Erasing, defacing.
^<X4j tamadduh, Commending one's self^
fishing for applause.
JJuj tamaddud, Being extended.
l^«x«j tamaddun, Settling in a town.
Ciyilization.
i^y^ tamdihf Praising greatly.
JptVtJ Uundld, Extending, prolanging.
jAj tamr, A ripe date ; a dry or pre-
served date. i^XJbj^ , A tamarind.
Sj^ tamarah, A knot upon a whip.
Tamratf One date.
«^^ tamamtdp Being refractory, stab-
bom, obstinate, disobedient, insolent.
4j^ tamarrugh, Tumbling, rolling (a
horse upon the ground).
jjAJ tamanuk, Being torn (doth or
garment).
(Jij^ tamsslk, Tearing, lacerating. ^V
If thou do not what I haye commanded thee
forthwith, I will bum thee with my fire, snd
dart at thee my destractiye sparks, and scatter
thee, tom in pieces, oyer the deserts, makisf
thee an example to the stationary and to the
passer-by.
•.Uuy«J iimid'hf A crocodile*
vl^^yiA) iamassuk, An obligation, bond,
writing, instrument Keeping ftst hold,no(
quitting one's grasp.
lz^MJLaj tamassukdt (pL), Obligations.
tanuhiffoif Causing to walk, tc
^Ar'
A ."
moye on, giTine motion. To cause to mab
progress, to push forward.
Ma
Ji2^ tatnattur, Eaining. Exposing one'i
self to the rain.
\maj damghdy s. t. used in Arabic, i
stamp. A mark made by a stamp.
^^LeJ tamakkun^ Inhabiting, taking u]
an abode, making a settlement Powei
dignity, authority. Haying in one*a power.
^jS^ tamJAn^ Making fixed or resident
Being dignified in rank or demeanour.
j;L«j iamaUukf Blandishment, flatteiy
adulation, endearment. Cajoling.
C^aI tamdUuh, Beducing by force
conquering, taking possession. B«comiii
master, mastering. _^\ di^ (Jl a
(101)
^\^ jLi\ yi\ ^^ i^
Tha I ^^m to weep and wail for myselt
mtil TentKHi orexpowered me, and I blamed
sniffer tliat wfaieb I lad doiw, and far ny
UTngodBtaken tibia Toyage and fatigue.
U4J Umht, Filling full. TamHyat, En-
'ypftaf, panmg. Pennitting to enjoy long.
j^/JLiJ tmili, Smoothing, softening.
ianm^ oat from any difficult bnameas.
lXLJ Umlik, A poaoooDJon, hereditary
popotj. ^T^ pooBeariony making another
maiter of asjthing.
^ immmtu. Being hindered, pro-
UiiiBd,eiiJadedL •
^ Ummml, A prayer, request Sup*
^iestioBu ^<««J, To Bapplieate, im-
plore, to wish, to desire. Xi^\ JlSj
^^l^^b^^ J^«d>j, And he said:
P^tiie be to God, who haa faToured me with
ftithmgEtliatl deaired:-^flie tnt, the end
of die wtf ; and tilie aeoond, the oondaaion of
peace, nd tiie preTsling of rest and peaoe-
v«uj Umm^f Hindering, driving away.
«|4J kamwwuff The agitation of the
nvei. Uodnlation, flnetuation.
j^jf^ Tmur £hdn, Son of the
P^naa Uetarian Miikhond, whose worVi be
abridged. [(July).
}j^ tess, Name of a Syrian month
I-
w^^flwiwiW3«ngrich,beoomingrich.
^ fmamwumj Bestowing much on
•H^ famaAkitd, Hiaving, or acquiring
P«v« or abvndanoe. Gain, the being gained.
B<ai| idle, bating nofliing to do.
;W imMur, Being penetrating, in-
IJ
Ji4^<aMUtJ,?roceeding slowly, being
^'dioM m hmiiiieM, asking a delay.
^ UmM, IHsposition, arrangement.
Ia^^ iamlmat, An amulet or oharm
againit ftmination or enchantment.
Ui^ Umj/ttf Judgment, diBcemment,
knowledge, prudence, discretion.
^^>-liJ tandji, Communicating secrets
to one another, speaking privately together.
^ jLJ tanddum, Conversing familiarly.
i^jl:J iandilf Calling to one another.
V
Ij
, Disputing, litigating.
Jjl:J iandtudf To descend gradually, to
condescend to humble one's self. «Xiu^
U^J^I^l^SS? Jj^l/^LS? J>"^*»
JU »-iJ^^^\Ci^JLfiL>.^,And after
that, it descended with me gradmdly, imtii it
alighted with me upon the earth, and rested
upon a lofty spot. c:JJ^\ J^ ^ ^Jjii
ty ^ \^^j \5U.1 \iU\ JjU^
bJl c!iJJ^, So they said to him:
Thon hast greatly hnmbled thyself to ns, O our
brother, and we wonder at the excess of thy
affection for ns.
j^yj—yjim, Being separated. Being
^^>>E«dMl Being discerned.
iUJ tandsub^ Bring in mutual pro-
portion. Graoeftifaiesi of proportion.
^\ij tan&iukhf The Meten^psychosifly
or Pythagorean system of the transmigration
of souls. Lir^UsSl, The sect of
Pythagoras.
f^\uj tandtul, Begetting, generation.
^^\^ tandH, Pretending to be for-
gotten.
jJ»UJ tandahudf Bepeating verses to-
eether. Satirizing one another. Asking or
being asked to recite verses.
^^cJ iandauh, Admonishing mutually.
j>a\i3 fandiUTf Assisting one another.
Conqnering. [in a panic.
JliJ tandjur, Hying from one another
^^l:J tandfus, Wishing for, aspiring or
panting after, graq;>ing at, seizing.
^^U tanahud, Mutually contradicting
and destroying the yalidity of each other.
^\ij tandhwr. Pretending ignoranoe,
denying the knowledge of. Hostility, discord.
i^j^ ianatpuh, Doing things by tarns,
alternating.
(102)
JjUj Taking, partaking, eating, receiv-
ing the Holy Commwiioii.
AjUj tandyfum, Feigning to be asleep.
CXmJ timbakf Persian tobacco, used for
smoking through water.
J.*;J tamhalf Lazy, Blnggish. Unem-
ployed. A poltroon.
tanabhuh, Admonition, advice.
Being put in mind, advertiBed, roused, awaked.
tambtyat, Prophesying. Announcing.
tamhlh, Admonition, chiding,
rousing, awaking one firom sleep, putting in
mind. Threatening. [bitions.
>l^jyVj> tambthdt, Admonitions, prohi-
tantifj Palling off much hair.
±:J tanassur, Being dispersed, scattered.
ajscG tanqjlfum, Observing and contem-
' 'plating the stars.
<-4£cO ianfih, Prospering, promoting.
JuscvJ tanfld, Ornamenting a house
with tapestry or painted cloths.
. ■> •
^^tk^kS^j tanjUf Polluting, defiling, {juaf*
fUfifaSf To pollute, contaminate. To pro&ne.
^^■kflcj tanfim. Prognosticating or ealcu-^
lating any eyent by the aspect of the stars.
aJcJ tanaddum, Being penitent, repent-
ing. * oLtf c:.^Jo UIJL« JJ jij
* ^x^\ JJ ^jJl^\ c:.^^ i^*^^f^
uu:. uji"^ ^ ^" c^ ^^
Ajii^iU J^l u:.Jii, Had I wept
before she did, in my passion for Saada, I had
healed my soul before repentance came ; but
she wept oefore I did : her tears drew mine ;
and I said: The merit belongs ta the pre-
cedent.
4j JcJ tandif/at, Making wet, moistening,
soaking.
JjjJ tanamd, Descending slowly.
Humility. Condescending, deigning.
jrjjj tanoMzuh, To divert, to recreate
one's sell Being pure, free from yice or stain.
Being modest, chastc^^j^jcll ^^ 4r^l
Immutability. ILs^l ^ *j^\ In-
faUibiUty. ^yi.lj JU. Ijb J JUi
j^UjiJjj f^^j^ |;^^ » -Ajid then he
said : Arise with us, 0 my uncle, and go forth
with us to the garden. So they went to ^e
garden, and proceeded to diyert and recreate
uiemselyes.
L-fijUJ ianasHf, Emitting blood.
JjJjJ tamll, Bevelation from heaven.
The Alcoran. Causing (a trayeller) to alight,
or come into your house ; lodging and treadog
him hospitably. [ship.
tanastuh, Pretending to relatioo-
c— i>u'J tanaauf, Throwing dovni (wrest-
ling).
tanasiuk, Being devout, pious.
j^M^ tatuumm, Breathing, Exhaling
' odour. Smellii^ anything fragrant. Per-
ceiying, gaining an easy ifnowledge of any-
thing. ^pproYing.
i,„.g.M<v7 tanslh, Deeming fit and proper,
(J^^iAjsJ ianHk, Arranging, disposing in
' order (a speech), stringing pearls, etc.
LiL:J ianashihfd, Being brisk, lively,
actiye, alert Cheerfiilly doing any^ng.
t-iji?«^J ^aii0«A«A«/', Imbibing, sucking up.
IsamjJ tanshit, Making cheerful, lively,
brisk.
(— Q^^rJ tanshlf, Imbibing (water, as
idoth, the earth, etc.). [nostrils.
(JJ^ tanshlk, Pouring oil into the
j»aij tanasiur, Becoming a ClmstiaiL
Endeayouring or attempting to aaaist another.
* Aiding.
t— iL:J tanatsuf, Dividing in half.
^^..djJ tanHTf Converting one to Chris-
tianity.
^.ByA'J tanslf, Dividing in ^be middle
or into two equal parts.
Ja:J iancaasur^ Expecting, expectation,
patience. Seeing, contemplating.
Mi
calarJ tanasauf, Cleaning, purifying
one's self; being or pretending to be neat,
nice, clean.
UaiJ tantaaum. Being arranged, strong
' (as pearls). Being set in order, regulated.
<^flJa;7 tanzlf, Purifying, making dean.
A>h.;j ^onsim. Putting in order, arrang-
ing. ComposiDg verses.
ma _
i^fcJ iana^^umf BCappinesB^ enjoyment.
' Being happy.
(103)
\J
J^ irn^U, Shoeing a hone.
JuD tm/h, Causing (any thing) to
penetnte (into another). GiTing effect to
OHBniBdi, camng them to hare weight and
NRipKtcd.
jSuj tatfuTf krermaa, avoiding.
j^ imifir, Gaming of ftight or dialike,
md to ddrn^ away.
^/•iJ im^iUf Breathing, respiration,
B^faiag ieeliDgly. ^jttl^\ ij\i^\
MSmjfot k/ ta naffui, Bespirafaility.
y^tjsj iatiafiuf, Beapiratory.
m
iJi:j im^Btakj A carpet
(/bi:J imfid. Shaking (trees). Beat-
jaJ tmfik. Selling £i8t (goods).
Jlj Unakhd^ Travellingy heing trans-
poted from place to place.
J^ toaUkklf Being chosen, selected.
^ tanhk, Extracting marrow. Lop-
m a bnndi. Clesntiiji;, cattiiiff off aapier-
mn, polishing. Bannng ana trimming
V^liteiarj eompoaitiona. EemoTing any
omaioai finnia or exprearioos.
trt^ UmiUhy Fainting in colours;
^▼m^ miooloored figures. Engranng,
enring, emboaing.
joJ^j tmhs, Loss, detriment
^3«&:J tankt. Harking with points;
F^ig the Towel point oyer eonaonaata.
^^otong- [lo place.
J?^ Mtilf Transporting from place
^ Umhyakj Cleaning, cleansing.
^' ^oaoi, Tin plates.
^ Umkkui, Oriering, heing afflicted.
/^ tantikur, Disguising one's self.
j*>-£i And he concealed his case, and
diinised Inmaelf ; and he went forth in the
■M^of the night, wandering at random, and
■otkaoviag whither to go.
4^ iMkd, Distressing, troubling.
j^ toaiir, Altering, transforming, dis-
^ Ma, Panishing, chastising.
ianm%h, Writing down, inditing.
tatun^ahf Causing to grow, to
flonriah.
jyj tanUr, A portable iron furnace, a
aabtemneooa atoTc. An oven.
^yJ tanatffwu^ Being divided into dis-
tinct parte.
jlyj tanifflr, Illumination. Making
bright, Inminona, light To light np.
^yJ tanwi^f Distinguishing, making
different kinda.
^^ tofitriii, Nunnation, or marking
the final letten of nonna with t # ^» which
gifea them the aoond of on, in, im.
l|:J tanhd, Alone, solitary, singular,
nniqne. OiHj, solely, singly. Prirate, secret,
separate, apart PATately, etc.
JUfJ tanhiffoi, Prohibiting, forbidding.
^^^ tantOn, A large serpent, a dragon.
^;ys^\ L^O, The dragon's tail, a star.
^\y tanwdh, Being penitent, repenting.
^iy tawdU^ Pollowers, dependents,
.partisans. Dependencies.
Ji\y tawdtur, Continuation, succession.
Public ramonr. [tanoe.
f^j\y iawdrui, Possessing by inheri-
jj^y tawdrud, Joining, arriving at.
tffl^y tawdrikh, Histories, chronicles,
annals. Epochs, dates.
i^J^y iawdti, Parallel (lines).
i^,^\y tawdiuf, Mutually praising,
describing, recounting.
JiMtfly tawdsul, Conjunction, enjoyment.
Joining, collecting. (IX^jIc^ l£.Jlji1
^^^Is^ ^ , I have sent back thy ring
which I took in exchange when we were to-
gether ; then send me mine. [ings.
LzJLaSyt iawdiuldt, Conjunctions, join-
^\y tMdiu^, HumUity.
jLcly tawd^f Promising to one another.
Appointing a time and place for anything.
Agreeing. • [Abounding.
Ji\tji UMdfwTy Abundance, a multitude.
{jjf^y tawdfahy Concord, agreement,
good understanding.
zr
(104)
^ly iawdhn^ Taxnbling orer one
anothar.
^\tp tawdli, Continuation, snooession.
ij}y tuwdnl, Delay, slowness, languor,
lassitude. «^|^)b h%ld tawdnJ, Without
delay.
/^\y tawan, A twin.
i^yi tawhy Piece of mannfaoture.
4jy iatehat, Bepentanoe, conyeraion,
vowing to sin no more. iyJl tj' J'^V
\jj klXJI, Hasten to sincere repent-
ance with earnest oompnnction, for Death, be
inrei will never offer ner hand to aasiat thee.
^v^y iawblkhf A reproach, to rebuke.
^Ucuy tawhlkhan,Ia reproaeh, reproach-
c:jy tut, A mulberry. The white
mulberry-tree constitntes the wealth of the
whole oonntry of the Dnuet and Maronitea,
and that of Antioch, by tba beantifol si^
which are produced on it.
\jy tuty&f A fabulouB mineral. Zinc,
zinc ore.
^^y iawasiuk, Being confirmed. Being
constant, firm, steady in busineas.
^J^y tawiik, Establishing, strengthen-
ing, desiring one to rest satisfied.
^^y tawujfu^, Being pained. Grieving
(for one).
A>*y taujajjuh, Turning the face toward.
Oonyenion, praying (to Ood). Tnming to
go anywhere, jffoceeding towards. Begard,
favour, friendship. Ui^lj ^\ . ^^j\
^IrjyuJl , Ck>, then, to thy house, but
be not long absent from me. And the old
woman went forth from her, and repaired to
Taj-el- Mnlttk, and said to bun : Make ready,
and clothe thyself in the richest of thine
appaxel, and betake thyself to the garden.
^^y tawfthf Turning (any thing,
towards (any object). Pointing, directing.
UjS.
Conferring any office. d^l^^y
tmBJihat^ New appointments to office or dignity
by the sovereign, mentioned in the gazette.
^ogrfcji imifjlhf Bendering necessary.
S>-y iawahhudf Being single, unparal-
leled. Bemaining separate. [loathing.
^Ju-^y tawdfJimhy Aversion, horror,
Ju>^y tawhld, Unity. Ju:»-y]l The
nnity (of God). Declaration of belief in the
uni^ of God.
^f^y UMhlmf Giving a pregnant woman
what she wishes to eat.
M^y tawakhkhum, Being unhealthy, un-
wholesome (as a coimtry, meat, etc.).
^y tawaddu^ Bidding &rewell, taking
^eare, dismissing.
^JjJ tof^A^, Bidding adieu, dismisaiDg,
taking leave. .^uJ^ J^ \y>^ \j\ U!
♦ ji ^^ 4/^v <^^^ ^^ * (•♦-^
fjLuU J^t , When they made their
white camels kneel down, near daybreak, they
mounted, and the camel departed with my
belored. My eye, through the interstice o(
the prison, beheld tiiem; and I said, in my
anguish, with tears oTerflowine : Gamel-driTer,
turn, that I may bid her mrewell; for in
Sartine, and in bidding her Carewell, I shall
Le. I am faithful to the tow of lore, aii<^
haye not broken it ; would that I knew how
she has acted with regard to it !
When shall the m« now kindled br separactioi
be Quenched by your approach, ana my wish b
ftilnlled by your presence P and when shall w
remain as once we were P The day of partin
has filled me with terror, and has afflicted mc
and the act of bidding thee farewell, O m
lord, has increased my infirmity I
i\jy tawrdif The Mosaic law, the Pei]
tatenoh, the BiUa.
o«y
(106)
ty
^Jjy TSrdtt, Tareomania, Porthia,
aCJVaSt.
i\lj\jyi l^rdnMh, The king of Turan.
Tbe prepor Btme of many diBtingnished men.
)sj^ imum^f Falliiig into miafortime.
cjjj tmmru^, Abatainxng from, being
(•i^y tmpriif Caasing to inherit.
Ivji^ tmprit, Precipitating to destruo-
»jj^ Uvrtm, Swelling. iJ^ jJu Jij
4i*Mill^y And his complexion had
Hwyd, Us &oe had beeome sallow, and hia
fett nroOea by nalking and toil.
mJ teftnr, Being chosen to, or ezer-
Gaa; tbe ofBoe of vizier or misiiter.
m
^^ittwaau^ Diyiding among them-
«ir«s.
wj^ tawa^ Diyiaion, diBtribution.
jry UuMuuih, Dirtying (cloths).
a^ tawMitti, Mediafion« Becoming
iBfldiaior, intezeeding for.
^y tawauu^f Sitting with ease, not
oovM, Bflating, liii^Izfymg.
J-y tomumdy Placing confidence in,
IttTiog reeouae to, reiigning one's self to God.
^y tmmeikky Dirtying (cloths).
o^ UttmH, Placing ia the middle.
Dindiag m the middle. Acting as mediator.
l^ tawa^ Extending, enlaxging.
(^y iawoiktkuht Patting on the sash or
nrocd-belt, called -l2i^. Girding with
imrri PnttiBg on a Test
^yi .iimiM, Ornamenting with a
Had of any kind, at irith lines of writing.
if^ji tmoind, Being joined. Porming
s QQMdon by marriage, ete. Arriring.
Ittcifing kindly, being affably easy of aocess.
AStauiBg.
If Beoonnnending to charge,
Bating a testament. L^yh, With-
But I charge thee, 0 my brother, to conceal
the secret from my sistera ; therefore, rereal
not thy state to any one of them, lest my life
and thue be lost
taw9if, Description, commenda-
tion.
J«^y <tfi£^<i/. Joining, connecting closely.
Caasing (one thing) to reach or join (to
another. ^J^^j ^^^^^ iM\^^ lzJ'j\^^
i\jb\ ^1 ^yijy And his goods are in
our charge, so we desire to sell them, and to
take a certificate of their price, in order to
convey it to his family.
^y tawadduh, Being manifest. Ex-
hibiting, showing. [before prayer,
^y tawaddHf Performing Hie ablations
^^y tawiih, Publishing, illustrating.
C^Wuy tawMat, Explanations, de-
clarations, illustrations. fj*u^^\ ^ /% jJ
'mZj\:^ji\ haddam Jlah»an altawdlhdtf
He gave me the best explanations.
\j^ ^j^ ^l^U^y , Your declara-
tions are very satisfactory, j^ tjJb
k^i^^ L5*f^> ^^B ^^ requires
explication, bciiyf ^jLff!\ 2r JJb kj^^iJl
\lijl^ , I added this sentence to make
yonr statement clearer.
^y tawai^n^ Pixing residence any-
where. Fwb ^^y
jJoy tawM^ Joining firmly together.
Making solid.
jjy tawd^^ad, Terrifying. Threaten-
ing. Jy^)\ ^ aS J^^ 2f jl|i ^j^J\^
Jj^yl JUL lI^Lju CJ^ J^jJLl
uXJt^, And he sent to threaten
him, sayhig to him by the messenmr: Thy
mind has soggested to thee Assises. Dostthoa
threaten me with violent words ? Either come
thou to me, or I will go to thee.
jy
(106)
V
Jfy tawaghghulf Basying one's self
seriously, as in study or occupation.
Jy tawaffur, Abounding^ being copions ;
being numerous or in large quantity.
j;iy taufak, Anything proper, conve-
nient, adyantageous.
^y tawqffuk, Being happy, prosperous.
ciy tawafft, Paying or receiving the
whole of what is due. ReceiTin^ to himself
(as God the souls of the just). Giying up the
ghost ^^grjitrf ^j^^ ^'•^l^ ciy tawaffl
walidahu wa ^umrahu aanatlnf When his
father died he was two years old.
jt^y taufir, Multiplying, increasing.
JmJjJ tauflk, The guidance, grace, or
&Tour of God. Making accord. Grood success.
jy tatokf Desire, passion, concupiscence.
^^\j J tawkdn, Desire, inordinate passion.
Jjy tawakkud, Ardour, alacrity. Burn-
ing. Kindling a flame.
Hi
j9y tawakkur, Being respected, honoured.
Being modest, mild, gentle.
^y tawakku^ Begging, praying. Ex-
pecting anything to be done. [ness.
i^Jaytawakkuff Delay,hesitation,tedious-
Sy tawakkl, Being timid, cautious.
^^j^ l/ju^ Ju!1 j^ JJ d5j
ZcyC^ vlA^j LllA* <UlA:j ^l^ ^u]l£.
And the proTerh saith : Wboso seeth a hole
in the ground, and doth not shun it, and
be cautious of adTancing to it boldly, exposeth
himself to danger and Mtmction.
Ju3jj> tawkld, Setting on fire, burning.
Jiy tawkir, Honouring, revering, re-
specting. Making graye, modest, respectable.
f^jx^\j j^y Jij hxkd tawkir w^
ihtiram, With all respect and yeneration.
^Jy tawkl^f The royal signet put to
diplomas, letters patent, etc.
cfljy tawlaf, Retaining, detaining,
preyenting, prohibiting, restraini^, causing
one to remain in a place. Delaying.
^yaj ^J^ i^^ji\f^S0jJ . Jl^ Yon-
boffhl tawkif adda^ah lahin WMuloh, This
trial must be postponed until his arriyal.
^y tawakkud, Being confirmed; being
closely connected, or drawn together.
J^y tawakktd, Eesignation or confidence
in God. jy* !l\^ i^\ Jx J^yl\ atta
wakkul lalul lah khayir ul wlnur, Bengnation
in God is the best thing.
tX^y tawkld, Confirming, strengthen-
ing, connecting strongly.
(Jf^y tawMl, Appointing a lieutenant,
deputy, substitute, factor, or agent.
jjj tawaUud, Being generated, bom.
July tawliyat. The prefecture or super-
intendency of the affairs of mosques, churches,
or other religious foundations.
JU1\ ^y tawUju'l mdl, A father as-
signinghis estate to his son during his own
lire, that people may no longer importune him
for legacies.
jjy tawJud, Generation, birth. Pro-
creating, bringing forth. Playing the mid-
wife, assisting at a birth. Producing anything.
iftby tawahhum, Suspicion, imagination^
doubt ; suspecting, imagining, doubting,
^jjjjj^».l, They then passed on, and
found a saloon constructed of polished marble,
adorned with iewels. The bciiolder ima^nec
that upon its floor was running water, and ii
any one walked upon it he would slip.
M^y tawhlm, Oaasing to err, making
bdieye.
_5^l|J tahdjl, Satirizing one another.
^^l^ tahdrush, Growling and fighting,
(Jiff taMni, Congratulations.
^jlff takdwun, Negligence, sloth, tardi<
ness, delay, neglect. ^\ JjJuJ\ 4^^V
<|J]1^JJ Ji ^\ m^\ ^j0iy»\j Zr^J
And the right opinion is, that I should return
and goyem the empire until God shall arrange
and settle for us the affair of my son ; do tio
then forget him, nor n«gleot hia caae.
J«J
(107)
J^^l^ UMwil, FeazVy teiron, appre-
hanom. Fkinted lobet. Bimoeleti, jewels,
BccUaeei, etc (« strildoe with forpnn, or
danlia^ tlie ejn of behoUun).
^^ tMij, Being troubled with a
CS^ Wii, Tearing a Tell or curtain,
■0 as to ofm ^boat who an ooyered by it.
Uf tai^f Satirizing, lampooning.
js^ tdk^ Bepeating the letters of
-dtfiJ^i&alKi Spelling m flylUble.
^UkaiM, Terrifying, threatening.
^ UhMtm, Being pulled down, de-
M^ tMii, Terrifying. Threatening.
Uf Ji^ ^Jly► , An answer mixed with
nenaces. ^jjjs^ ^^^^[a^Jjbhal
UkOfwdM Ukiidij Are yoa frightened at my
tbnteaiii^ F [vQg*
«:1J^ ^<^ Palling (houses). Destroy-
wwji^ MiU, Purifying, adjusting,
a^onuQg. JLo^l «^^j^, Elegance,
or parity of mansen.
^ju Uhrih, Putting to flight.
'fVoMisi, BelnHtating. Breaking,
h
^ tMshm^ Contempt, scorn, mockery,
■BpDg to one by way of ridicule.
^ UU^m^ Singing to one in derision.
^ <siUMU,BaiQ,perdition.
,'*/!', Goretousness does not induce me
^ tbnv B^sdf into deetrodaon. He then
■ffnacbed it, and, goxnf roimd abont it, ez-
Jjjojd it vanly; and lo, there waa a deep
F» ilneh tbe owner of the Tineyard had dng
^ e>^ the wild beaaU that despoUed the
^ ^MU, Being cheerful, exulting,
^'"fiittaiiig up. CXJuJ\ j^ Uii
Z^^ '"^ cT* ^^H) V'W » -^d when
the king heard what she said, his face brij^hi-
ened ap with joy and happiness, and he kissed
her head and ner hand by reason of the excess
of his joy.
Alp tahhl, Praising Gk>d. The utter-
ance of the formula ^U\ ^l\ild'ilaha'
iUa Hah, There is no god bnt God.
i^f) tt^mai, Suspicion. A crime, fault,
Tice. Accusing one of a crime. To sospect.
To charge with a crime.
/^Xi^ tahandumf Adapting properly,
dressing well.
idhnl'Otf Congratulation. a£«Xa7
JLifJl iJ:j\sA^ taidlm tpAjlbdt uttdh-
niyaKt To present the compliments of oon-
gratnlstion.
j^ tahawwur, Plunging inconsiderately
into any bnsinesa. Impetaosity, inconsiderate
Tiolence.
jl^ tuhtclr, Throwing down. Tossing
one thing upon another.
Jj Aff tahwil, Terrifying. Terror.
^^^ tahwlny Making easy. Jl^ ^^^5
^i\ hawtcan ^iya dl amr. He repre-
sented the affair to me as easy.
ci^L^; iihfjfdt, Preparations.
^U^ tahiyat, Preparation, provision, ar-
rangement, disposiog in order. Frepazing,
maung ready. To prepare, dispose, make ready.
.^V|7 tahayyuf, Being raised (as dust or
anger). Being agitated, moved, proToked,
Btimnlated.
tahayyuf f Being hlown upon hy
the hot drying wind.
iahayyum, Being astonished, stupe-
fied, taming pale (with lore, etc.). Thirsting,
being thirs^.
^>w>g|J tahyib, Bendering formidahle,
awftal, terrible, dreadful, Tenerable.
takylj\ Causing (dust) to get in
"motion and blow about Exciting, enconrag-
ing. Baising a commotion. (.Ij3 J Jxi
(jmUU U^L«f^ fai^ s^/ti^ tahyijan
linnatj He did this to excite the people.
^y,J taybUf Drying, placing to dry.
,jC^ tayiim, Making orphans.
^\Uj tHah (Persian word used in
Arabic), Aqnafortis.
J«
(jw-j* toffSf A he-goat.
jiu^ tay^lTy Facilily, rendering easy.
jU-j tlgh&r, A water-pot.
^oLj tayakha, Lucubration, vigilance.
^JAJ tayakkun^ Knowing for certain,
imdentanding well, exploring.
^^ tayammum. Purifying or rubbing
the hands, face, and other parts of the body
with sand or dust (agreeably to the Mussnl-
man law), where water cannot be got, before
performing religions duties.
^j^ tayammun, Being the receptacle of
good fortune and happiness.
cL^ jy^, Tlmur hmg, Timur the
lame, tiie famous Tamerlane.
^JfJ tin, Pigs, h^ Unat, One fig. a-J
iayh (or j^lfJ), Wandering about,
fist, The desert of the Israelites.
«^, The fourth letter of the Arabic
alphabet. It is properly of the sharp Talue of
the English th in thin, but is generally pro-
nouncedasa i. In arithmetic it expresses 500.
L2^\5 9aUt, Finn, fixed, constant, im-
morable, invariable. FroTed, demonstrated,
incontroyertible. [gtar.
<^15 Bdhitah, Pern, of (jl-oU. A fixed
Jo sar, Taking revenge, retaliating,
lolling one for the murder of another. Retalia-
tion, blood for blood. Beb'ghting in reyenge.
aibadawt akhaza tSarahuba^ arhitna taftah.
The Bedouin took rerenge after forty years,
(an Arabic proverb expressing that it u never
too late to take revenge). W \jJ\ ^J
^^ J^'j ciJl^U ljj>yU^, Por he is
&e greatest of th^ fiither's enemies, and has a
debt of blood agamst him. He then brought
me some food and drink, and I ate, and he ate
with me.
v.^lj Bdlib, Sublime, high. Shining
bright. Penetrating. v-^W1 ililb,
Of penetrating judgment.
JiU idkil, Weighty, heavy. Trouble-
(108) JJ
some, importunate. Oppresni^ the stomadu
Bright, dear.
CJU Jd/w, The third place. Third.
IsJU 9dl%g&, In the third place.
j^^sdmir, Loaded with ripe firuit (a tree),
^U sdmin, The eighth. L«lj Mamwd^
In the eighth phioe. Eighthly.
J15 Bdnh The second. ^ JJJ\ jU
He joamered on during the wh(^ of the re^
mainder of that night, and the next day, unti]
the heat of the sun became fierce, and th<
mountains were of a burning heat ; and thirsj
oppressed him most violently.
Lj\j sdniyan. Secondly, in the second
place.
tJL^\^ edbdf, Permanency, durability,
firmness, perseverance, stability, oonstaney.
d.^^ iubui, Pirmness, constancy.
^JiJkr uMin, Thick.
fc^ Jj Mift, The breast in man and woman
bt>j sadyd, Having large breasts (i
woman).
^ Jj 9udayytU, A little breast.
\J) sard, Opulent, rich, wealthy. Th^
earth. \j^\ij:^^, taUt^itard, TTndei
the earth.
lJ\jJ iardh, A day-pit.
fc^l^ iordy, The seventh earth.
\jji Borwd, "Wealthy, extremely rich.
i^ji sarwat, Opulence. Number, miilti
tude. Abundance.
i^J sari, Eich. Much (wealth). Moisi
Sara or taran, Moisture. Dust, earth. ,
tomb.
iJy surayyd (dimin. of IjJ), Th
Pleiades.
i.--i*S sa^, A fox. ^jcM) ^j)j^\ oJ
3ui3j
il^\ _i. And it is well known th^
some men make a figure of a fbx in the Tin
J5J
(109)
J*"
pzd, and eren pot before it grapes in plates,
a order that a ibx may see i^ aiid advance to
ity and fill into deslnetion.
L^U} M^d/iJ (pL of k.^Jju), Foxes.
^Lxj w^%, 'A basiliBk.
^ iv^M or Mf^a&o^, A yenomous
lizud vi& a green head. A mousey a dor-
iJju ss^ZsMy A female fox.
J^ mfir, The fore teeth. The monih.
. A Ing« opening, fiasore or gap in a mountain ;
t namw psis between hills, bordering on a
hostile country. Jj^^j^I ^ J^^^ Sj
♦ J*4P- ^jij ♦ J-flsT^-iiKLj , And there
existech not in the sea nor on the land any
0D£ more gracefnl or more sweet in natural
ndowneDts than she. For she has beantj
lad loTetinesBy and handsome stature and just
forai, apd red cheeks and bright forehead, and
teeth like jewels, and large black eyes, and
hcaTy hips and a slender waist, and a lovely
coonteiumoe.
jfi iughur, Passes, straits, firontiers.
Jj tik (Imper. of jij), Trust thou.
oU5 tikdi (pi. of aSS), (not used),
Tbt fiithfol friends and companions of tbe
proph^ (Muhammed).
<-A tak&lat, Gravity. Ponderousness.
DoUnefis. Moroeeneas. [to bore.
S^ 9M, A hole. To make a hole,
'^niai (pi. kZj\M), Confidence. A
^"*J friend. [load, weight.
<^AU|GiaTity, heaviness. A burthen,
fj^ SdtalayHf (dual ohUque ease).
Iks two material worlds, or the two grosser
oca ^ ioteltigent and re^nsible creatures,
oakind and genii, to both of whom Muham-
CHdt BUBBum was addressed, and from whence
be is styled ^^j-lisJ^ J^j rauulu'si sa
^*^*9S The apostle of the two gross or
ii^ i«tti/, Heaviness, gravity. SiOat,
^snsty, trouble, oppiesaiott, urgency, impor-
tunity. Molestation, difficulty. Jy^y
4la!i • .... r \
kum f^adam id muwakkatah mm hazih ateak'
lah, We beg of you to excuse the trouble.
fj^ eaklly Heavy, grave. Morose,
severe, sour, phlegmatic. Lasy, dull, slow,
inactive. ^JJu ^1 U». hahkan an-
nahu aakJl, He is truly very oppressive. Yery
coarse.
U&i 'edaea, The Third day, Tuesday.
*J1U edaeah, Three, a! Ji^ ^Ij ^l^
Ailj 4^y^9 There was a merchant, aad
he had three sons. ^^, Ifj^^i^t \j\
tlXJl ^j^ idJb ^j ^Uj J tJJl\ iU
jI:jJ uJDl ij*^f I bought her for
two thousand pieces [of fold. I have been for
three years travelling with her, and it has cost
me, until my arrival at this place, three thou-
sand pieces of fold : and I make a present of
her to thee. Upon this the king conferred
upon him a msgnificent robe of honour, and
gave orders to present him with ten thousand
pieces of gold, ajj « h\j ^^j^ it^
Jiill ^ , Three things are better than
three others : the day of death is better than
the day of birth, a uving dog is better than
a dead lion, and the grave is better than
poverty.
^yij aaldsun (j^JU), Thirty.
_X saldA and suldA, Triangular. A
three-letter Arabic root. Belative to three.
^h saUdj, A seller of mow or ice.
u^^ aalh, Eeproaching. Injury. Be*
pulsing.
dJj »ulu8, The third part.
^ Salf, Snow. -.^ suluj, Snows.
aj aumma, And, then, after, since. CL^\s^
UyjJl Ij J^^^^f ^0 ^^^ came, then
the women. [Eighty.
^UjMmdn^oA, Eight. ^j^\AJMmanln,
iJJb ^^ ^ika^t^l i»<lfi tknjih jAJiamar, 'Fruit iysj Mffira^, One fruit.
'
r^
(110)
J'
One fruit-tree. Profit, advantage. \s3b
mutwak yahsal minnahu tamarah fjudmahf
This purchase will yield a great profit.
^jAJ saman, Price, yalue. JJi ^^, A
small price. Sumn, The eigb^ part.
^^y^\ ^U ^MH ouanMH, Dear, high-
priced. ^jAti\ ^^a^j rakhsul toman,
Cheap. ^j^\ fP*^ ^adim teaman,
Pricelees.
Jyu Samud, The old Arahians, to whom
they say the prophet Salih was sent.
^j^ tatnln, Yalnable. c^l^^ c^*^^^
\i^ M^!^ t*^ ^^^ MirtiA yiildaii,
I have a Tery Talnable book.
U Mnd, Praise, praising; to praise,
speak well of. A salutation, congratulation.
wishing joy, returning thanks. ^j\
wqfibattul hamd icauona, 1 beg of you to
accept my thanks.
i^yj tanatoi, Possessive, from ^\ij\,
Two; and ^f Lit. Twelve. ij:^kL)
^^ yLc UjU^v* ^^ U ^\ J^jJV
I arrived here twelve months ago.
w|y sawdh, A premium, recompense.
Meriti lirtae. Any good work (as worthy of
reward). Having merit before God.'
M^iac ^-'ty lI^I, laka sawdh ^asfm.
Tour merit will be rewarded.
<Oiy iuwdhat^ A flying star, a planet.
Lii^fy sawdhat, Fixed stars.
im^^y satvdktb, Bright glittering stars,
c^y tatph, A robe, vest, garment. \^\
0 reckless in revelry, spreading wide the robe
of arrogance ; headstrong in follies, and prone
to vain imaginings !
•J »awr, A bull. Taurus, the zodiacal
sign.
^\j^ sawardn. Springing up, assaulting.
Exciting (a tumult), raising (dust). Appearing.
Ay iUm, Garlic.
ij^.
jLj sHfdh, Garments.
\^yj^ Cl)Ls ^J^\ <^^!^ <^W^^
bjjj^ (^U^Sll^, And lo, she cut
off her hair, and put on the appaiel of moam**
ing, and said to me : 0 m v husband, do nol
oppose what I am doing ; tor I have received
news that my mother is no more, that my
father has lost his life in a holy war, that one
of my hrothers has died of a poisonoiu ating,
and the other by the foil of a house !
^
^ Jim, The fifth letter of the Arabic
alphabet, and the character for three in arith-
metic. -. , in the dates of letters, is
the sign of the month. ji>^^ i^jL*,^
Jimaiiyyyil akhir. U^ jd, In dates of
letters this is an abbreviation of the name of
the month. J^lf u^jU^ Jerndtiy^/ul
awwal,
fJiaJ\ iAp^ jddbatu*Vha^, The abdomen.
j\>'jdhir, One who is powerful, mighty,
proud, cruel, or tyrannical. A setter of bix>ken
bones, a repairer of anything brokeiL. A
proper name.
^ji\s^ jdhl, A collector of reyenue.
JujI>- jdiiyat, Kneeling. Name of a
chapter in the Alcoran.
}iCi\^jdda, A highway, public road.
^^ jl>- jdzih, An allurer, what attracts.
^^C^p^jd%ihiyah, Attracting power, 'what
attracts. Attraction, charm, grace, beaaty,
allurement, loveliness.
jls^ jdr, Neighbouring. A neighbour.
u^ sib^ crHj ^r-H; uP^ (^ .
Good sense and prudence are my diBtinctioi&
and my habit is to use forbearance towards mi
husband, contenting myself with what he cax
afford; and the graces of a good helpmeet an
my nature ; and great is the difference bet^reei
me and my neighbours.
'j\p^ jdrihatf A rapaoioos animal.
,..l*r
(111)
fjj\^jSri, "Bxnadng, flowing, proceed*
log, paaoDg. ijF;^ w^Lua^ hiadb
jarlf Aceoimt emrent. [female slaye.
ijjo^ jdriyahf A girl, a servant, a
jU- jaif Copperas, vitriol,
/•jlsv-jditii, Resolver, concluder.
^^l^;'^**^ (pL ^j^y>-), A spy, an
mteUigencer. aaI-"^ i^^%j ^\ w
(rtLr^' *fr J' LT-i^ Wb Jy^^
lJ^S) LJLii] , Then he sent his guards
lad spies after him, throagh the sea and in
other diiectionay but they met with no tidings
of him; wherefore they returned, and in-
formed the king thereof. [Doer.
Jsls^ jdt^il, A maker, framer, fixer.
ijils^jdf, Dry, withered. "Wandering.
jl> jd/i. Cruel, savage, unfeeling.
Hoogh, mde, stupid. Unquiet.
s^ls^ jdlib, A merchant who travels
from coontry to country with alayefl, cattle,
cloths, or other merchandize. An author, mover,
exciter, causer. Attracter, drawer.
f^^\ L^ls^ , Attracter or ravisher
ofhevti.
'JU^/aKStyoA, That power which at-
tnctB tad rsTishes the heart, inspiring it with
love and sympathy. The import of an article
in oommeree ; by contrast, to export.
^U-yd/tf, Sitting, sedentary. A sitter.
l^MyJ\s^ JatinUSf Galen the physician.
'^^s^jdmidf Concrete, congealed. Con-
Gitesi Rigid, stiff. An inanimate thing.
^ x«U- jdmddna. Spot lappets.
wtU- jdmi^, A collector, what as-
wmbles. »-^Vsj- *\is***^ masjidjami^
A great mosque, temple, or cathedral, where
^ prayer called iJa^ is repeated on
Fridaji.
sj^yt^jdmOM (pi. ^^^^»**.^^ftS7-), A buffalo.
^j^-jdim, A demon, the devil. Jxs^ Jij
^i Jlc jb jjj U/t^ ijb JEUl^ L^
^ls)t ^ i^, And he has assigned to
his children, the damsels whom thou sawest, a
tract of a whole year's journey in length and
breadth, and that tract is encompassed by a
great river, so that no one can gain access to
that place, neither any of mankind nor any
of the Jann.
.^l^ jUntb, A part, a side. ^J^^
k^ dUaJy: ^Uk^a^ C^LJI i^^LapT
iLk^\ ilOj ^ ^^l^ JUJl
\^\ J^^ ^ji*m2 , And by the side
of the door was a wide mastabah. The porter
therefore put down his burden upon that mas-
tabah, to rest himself and to scent the air.
^{^[p^ jdn hdi, A horse-jockey, a dealer
in horses.
^^j^\>'jdnibayn, Both parts, every side.
iflsj- jdh, Dignity, grandeur, magnifi-
cence. Place, rank, office. Honour, reputa-
tion. Fortune, prosperity.
iib\p^ jdhatf Dignity, respectability.
Jjbl>- jdhU, An idiotf ignorant man.
LSjb\p^ jdhiUf/at, The state of ignorance.
The pre-Muhammedan state of Arabia.
jA^jdffir, Unjust, cruel, tyrannical.
Jj Isj- jdffiZf Passing. "What passes. Law-
ful, legal, permitted.
^{p^jdyi^ Starving, hungry. uu^i^UI^
\.
iJiJi^\i^\>-
^a*aa3 Li^-^^bj^^, 1 was hungry ; so I
ate until I was satisfied and contented, and my
soul became at ease.
l.^ jubh, A well (especially without
parapet or cover). ^\^j.a^\ m^ {jlAH
^ Jjtii (j^ ))^ 9 So I said : Bring to me
the wealth (and it was contained in a thousand
Sits, in each of which were a thousand hun-
redweights of red gold, and in them were
yaricties of pearls and jewels ; and there was
the like quantity of white sUyer, with trea-
(112)
mres snch as the kings of the earth were
unable to procure), and thej did ao.
Ls>* jaha^ a. t. (lued in Aiabio), GratiB,
iji Ls^jahdUrat, Tyrants, powerfbl^prond
men, oppreaaora, gianta.
•lis*- jabhdr, Great, omnipotent. A con-
queror, an abaolute aoTereign, a tyrant, an
oppressor, a giant t^*^j^ ^ v:;JU^
jj jj* Jiff!) JtA^j^f^ (j^^ ^}^^\4^\
l^l£ifi>. ^Jlc isi^\j J;*fl^ if^kJf, And
she said to him : 0 my aon, thou hast com-
mitted a ereat error in mentioning the Queen
D^ore thy
knowest that the Aing Essemendel is yery
Joharah before thy sister's son ; for thou
irritable and conceited, OTerbearing, of Uttle
sense, of great yiolence, and niggaidly of his
daughter towards those who ask her . in
marriage.
JUs>-yt^d( Ifonntaina*
^L>-ya5dii, PasillanimooB, trembling,
abject. 4^V^ jahhdn, A seller of
cheese. [rage.
ij\^jahdfMt, Cowardice, want of cou-
^Ls»- jah&yat^ The office and functions
of collector of rents of property in mortmain.
4u>- jabhat, A waistcoat with cotton
quilted between the outside and lining (without
the cotton it is called ieSjSj, The
hollow part of the head of a spear, into which
they fix the staff.
ij\i^\p^ jahakhdndhf A powder magazine.
Gunpowder in store.
jf^- jahr, Power, force, yiolence. The
' reduction of fractions to integers in arithmetic ;
hence^^^l alja^, Algebra, jt^-y To
force, compel, use yiolenee.
\j0^jahran, By force.
i^^j^ Jahrdyil, The archangel Oabriel.
(JL>^j0^ jahrUt, Omnipotence, power,
dominion. The kingdom of heayen.
J>f^jahal, A mountain. ^Uaj ^Sl UL^L
(J^\ ^}\ khaUind aldn natla^ ila^ ah
jahal, Let us now ascend the mountain.
jjM J^ , Gibraltar, '^j^ J-^ ,
Mount BinaL J^^\ i^t^J^^ **^
•haifih^ The Anti-Libaaus, which was called
by the Hebrews Hermon, by the Sidonian^
Sirion, and by the Amcnites Shenir^
j^\ (J^ jabal ei'tur, Mount Tabor.
J»«i3t (Jfpr f ^ount ParmeL
JEL^ jibtHai, Form, creation, natare^
essence, quality, disposition, temperament^
constitution.
A Ji)u0^ jahaUahUm, An amethyst.
1^^ jibiiii, Natural, original, innate,
essential. ^^:4r^ u^]/*^' Diseases
inherent in the constitution.
^^f^ Jubun, Cheese.
i^fD^jabah^ A coat of mail, a ouirasa, any
kind of iron armour.
J^^^ jabhat, The forehead, front.
f^jfp^jabhnl, The largest village between
Aleppo and the Euphrates, situated on a salt!
lake which produces a great quantity of salt.
Jtbel, The ancient Byblua.
j'ahln, The forehead.
^\ls^ju$dm, The nightmare.
Ssj- jusMt (pi. e!-^), The figure of
the human body (standing, sitting, or reclin-
ing). A dead carcase. [dziyer.
<jlLc?' jihdih, Asses. JahAath, Ass-
Ssr^jahd^ Denying, disowning, r^iosing.
js^ j'uhr, The den or hole of an animal.
{Jjj-s^ j'ahshf An ass. See^U>>.
j^^^s^ jahlm, KelL See^»:>^>-.
Jo^jtddy A grandfather, ancestori fore-
falher, father.
]J^jiddan, Plainly, clearly. In no!
shape. In earnest, seriously, attontiTely,
eagerly, exceedingly, strongly, very.
Ifiy L::^iajw1j, Then she repaired to
a yery lofty tree, and concealed herself la it,
j\tXs^* jiddr, A wall. See kjl>-
J\j^jaddl or jiddl, A warm altercation.
/^\j^jaddm, The elephantiasis.
ijc^jiddat, A grandmother. vju««^w Lsli
}j\j Ijjjl:^
s"^ *
I
(118)
rv^
And ▼hen tiie grandinoiiher of the kin^ heard
the words of her son Saleh, she was yiolently
incensed agsinst Mm, and was agitated and
giiered.
ijj^s^ jaiaraif A scar, a cicatrice. An
annabinl excreaoenoe on the body.
^j^jtAisaiy The small-poz.
J^jL>-/tt&w/, A river, a rivulet. The
smaller Teiia. A line, role, form. An astro-
nomicai table^ an ephemeris or almanac.
J}-^ I^lac: '^^ »j^ ^^J^
^^j '>j^ C^ J-.M ^y:f, 'U.
And he beheld a tree^ and found by its side a
stream of vster; so he went to that tree, and
Beated himself in its shade, on the bank of that
5treaoL
i^jdak^ The sea-port of Jadda.
^J^ jotxi, New. iiJ Jj J5^ JJk! , To
ererj one novelty is pleasing. «Xa! jJjl^
CSz^ Li ^Jl£ jJJ , God has decreed a
&rv life for thee ; for no one erer arriyed at
this plice before thee aod escaped from it : but
pnise be to God for tiiy safety !
i^jailr. Proper, fit
A A>. panmy The leprosy. '
^A>-ya2i, Allurement, attraction. To
<hiv, attract.
^'^,^jmhdtj Attractions, allurements.
;^ /or, A root. An arithmetical root,
iBSBiber.
^«v>ytw^, The trunk of a palm or other
^ A yoang man. The yonng of cattle (as
a bBDock, three years old ; a horsCi two ; a
««d, fiTc ; a sheep, two, etc).
'^^jmmd (pi. ,^-^J^), Having the
^ «t off (a woman). Amputated hand,
l^pnw (woman).
^*^ jmly Attracting, alluring.
n^ ju&r, Roots, origins.
j^J^r, Drawing, dragging, hurrying
J^^jafling about. The towel iwsra C) »*
^«B of words.
* ^i^'i'v-s^tBoldnesB, audacity, courage.
V|;> /arfift, A sodc, stocking.
^jp^jarrdh (pi. ^y^|/r), A surgeon.
l^\j>- jardhat, The art of surgery.
,^>-\f^ jarrdhl, Surgical.
jUs>- Jardd, Locusts. Syria, Egypt,
Persia, and almost all the south of Asia, are
subject to the dreadful calamity of those
clouds of locusts, so often mentioned by
trayellers and correspondents of newspapers.
See •'^v^kM).
j\jS^jarrar, Drawing anything to, with,
or after one. Numerous (an army). A seller
of water-pots or huckets. jV^5j- JLwwuc,
A numerous and warlike army.
tlX»ly5j- tiT* *"*'* jarraffk, On your
account, for your sake.
JAjP^jardyim (pi. of j^/sr), Crimes.
^j^- j(iraht The scab, the mange.
\}j>-jarhd, Heaven. Scabby. (Fem.)
Barren (ground).
ifUj^- jarbaza, Ready with and facility
of argument, the ** gift of the gab."
jdrjlff Rocket (a herb),
JirjU, George, particularly St.
Oeorge of England, whom the Mahomedans
rank among the prophets, and confound with
the prophet Elias, as the name Khidir Elia
implies, by which they also distinguish him.
jarh, Wounding. Jurh, A wound.
VWlj JUb M>' ^ c^J^l,
\:^\jt^ S^\ ^\f They slew certain
of our people, and the rest fled. I also ran
away, after I bad received a severe wound.
The Arabs -busied themselves, without further
regard to us, in examining the goods and pre-
sents which they took from us.
^^t}jS^ jirdaum, A rat, field-mouse.
jj^ jart, Gutting off, amputating, lop-
ping, pruning.
ijj>-jur2atf A bundle of hay, grass, etc.
^j^- jaroi, A bell, either large or
small.
m\»,»j>- jtr$dm, The pleurisy.
A^ furm, A crime, a fieiult.
8
C^'
s
(114)
Faultless, unsuspected. Jirm^ A body.
j^\ (•/Ti The body of the moon.
f^jP^ jirm, A sort of boat in Egypt
' which carriei an extremely Lirge Uteen nil,
rtriped with blue and browo-like ticking.
•jp^jarWf The whelp of a lion, dog.
T)^ /wrflA (pL of r/r)» Wonnds.
i^ jarrdh^ A jar, an earthen water-
Teasel, an ewer.
^j^j<'^t Bold, braye, leading the yan
in battle. {^}^^i^^f Magnanimons,
intrepid of Bonl.
J^^frJ^^^f Flowing, running, pro-
ceeding, iBsoing from, arising, springing.
Sj^-fur-at, Boldness, courage.
^^jarrih (fern, Jb<^), Wounded*
jj^s*- jarid, A lanoe, spear.
jjjP^j'trld, This word, which properly
means a reed, is generally nsed to signify any
staff thrown hj the hand, after the manner of
the Roman pilnm. In Egypt the Mamlaks
nsed to make these staffs from the hranches
of the palm-tree, fresh stripped. These
hranches, which hare the form of a stalk of
an artichoke, are four feet long, and weigh
fiye or six pounds. In Syria they are made
out of the branches of the oak-tree, and hare
the same length and weight. Armed with
these, the horsemen enter the lists, and, riding
at full speed, throw them at each other fiY>m a
considerahle distance. The assailant, as soon
as he has thrown, turns his horse, and his
antagonist pursues, and throws his in his turn.
The Dorses, accustomed to this exercise, second
their masters so well, that they seem also to
share in the pleasure. But tnis pleasure is
attended with dang^ ; for some can dart the
weapon with so much force as frequently to
wound, and sometimes mortally.
2^jj^ jaridah, A book, a yolume, a
register, an account book. A branch of a
ptum-tree stripped of the leayes. A number
of horsemen or norses (part of a larger body).
iUj^ jarifMA, A crime, a fault. A
fine, a mulct, a pecuniary punishment.
*^ jm, A part, portion, particle. A
quire of paper. A section of a book (the
Alcoran, for example, being diyided into
thirty >-, each consisting of about
fifteen folios or leayes. A juz in other books
is generally five leayes, making one sheet and
a quarter in quarto^ or two and a half in
folio), i^j^^ ^9 I^ whole and
part, totally, entirely^' in eyery part.
\j>'jatd, Compensation, reward, recoin
penae. Merited punishment
j\^jaMgdr, A butcher, a out-throat.
Jn>- /sidytr. Islands. jAJj^S, Algien
^f J^ fiaddnf s. p. used in Arabic,
portfolio. A pocket-book. A kind of hoc
or thin eushion held in the hand under a she*
of paper when writing, so as to keep it fli
and unbending.
jj^ jmr. The decrease, or reflux (<
rain, the sea, riyer, etc.). Gutting, killing
a\^\j Jji1«L«^Js^, The flax an
reflux of resolyes, i.«., izresolutioa. Tisear,
carrot.
jiua^, Lamentation, complain
sorrow, impatience. 9j^^j &J^^ *^
After-lamentations and groans.
mJ>- jmun, Cutting, amputation. £n<
ing, concluding. The orthoffraphioal charad
Jaama {*') which is placed oyer a letter
pointed books to show that it has no yow(
Marking with Jtuma or jwsm. Bquality
the chuncters in writing.
{^Js^ jatman, Besolutely.
ji^ jusuo, A part, a little, a few.
<Jj^/''*^» A particle, a part, a little,
few. ijjp^j^^, In whole and
part, entirely, wholly.
tZ^[JijS^jusJffat, Trifles.
ijj9^ jivyat, Tribute, capitation-ta
contribution.
iji^ jaglrat or jmlrah, An island,
peninsula. j\^ hij^* jwlrat rtoi
The Isle of Aradus. ^jiy? ^ aljazln
Mesopotamia, being situated between the t
riyers Tigris and Euphrates, i^j
^yi^9 The peninsula of Arab
cr^\ j!U!ly ]j5>-, The fortunate ialan
the first meridian of the Arabs.
(Jj >» yoslZ, Many, numerous, copioi
great,much. Jjjs^^^l, Agreatrewa
muwaddah/aellahf He shows great afiTectios
the people. /*5/^|^ uJ^^ <-^dJ-^
tmaztl uahsharaftoalikram^ The Bight Hon<
able, The Most Honourable.
\!o^
(115)
jJl9»
Ij^ms^ jMrai, Boldness, presnmption.
L%\m>- jat&matf Being corpulent, large-
bodiei Importance (of affairs) in respect of
the TMtBM of the inteorasts they affect.
\»*^jmi (pi. of oLa>-1), The body,
^jXti>- juail, Corporeal.
/^^jitr Ifi.jyMSP'), A bridge.
i»<*»p- jiuNR, Abody. A mathematical solid.
jLiii*;>-/MidfiI, Corporeal.
.^M> ju9^, Bridges. JatUr, Magnani-
moia Bold.
i/>f!^L5**^
c •»>> )i(tfl^, Tenacions, aTaricioos.
f^^^jnlm, Great, gross, corpident.
S-^U^/o^-^di, A qniver-makM. Ji^h
(pL of 4jtt»-), A quiver.
:•!
^^ ji^i^p A good and laudable
actioiL
^^^j»lhaty A quiver.
•^ ja^<^, A curly lock of hair, a
rjt^Iet HaTing curly hair.
4.'J*> pt'Mhat (or <U*k«j*), A bubble
of water. A spider's web.
i^ja^daif A curly lock. ifjuu»-y^,
^The &ther of the curly hair), the wolf.
^ To braid, curl, plait.
j^ ja-^far, A little stream, (i contra),
A lai^ riTcr. Ja^/arf A proper iiame.
ij*^jad, Creating, producing, making,
p'<sem^, labstitatiDg, appointing, nominating,
uustitutbg, holdmg. Beginning to do.
^ J they began to take what suited them of
<^*^ tLings, and each of the soldiers carried
'-'f whit he could.
■ '\ .
"^f^ i^^Jhf^f Geography.
'^ pfd, Trouble, molestation, injury,
3ppreflBiaa, injustice, Tiolence.' fA^
*^ *^ *-• L5*^*^^ (j^ I ^o^ lo^g ^hall
*-^ tYecsion and harshness continue? Suffi-
'vnt tre the tears which my passion made
naihed. iz\^ i^J^U^Cs^ ^\
C5Ls*l f^sJ |%1>5H , Wilt thou oppress
thee, and nvo him up, after desiring him P
rfeit the satisfaction ^of my Ood)
if in love I hare deceived tnee, and be
a friend who has neTcr been unmindful of
thee, and f
May I for!
if m love
punished by abandonment if I have not been
sincere to thee. I have been guilty of no
fault to deserye severe and harsh conduct. If
I have offended I regret it and come repentant.
Thine abandonment of me is a wonderful mis-
fortune; but fortune is always catising some
new and unexpected wonders.
iji^Jo^ juft, A pair, c:.^ '*^)j^,f ^
double-barrelled gun.
^^^^jofn, The eye-lid, the eye-lash.
(J>-jalla, He shone in majesty or glory,
an epithet frequently aUaded to in the name
of God, as ^Ic^ J>- ii\, The glorious
and the most high Ood ; synonymous to which
are ^L>- Js>^ and <OLi J5>- jLl).
L»- jtld, Polishing, burnishing. To
polish, burnish.
Mr
4i^)L>- j'alldh, A factor "who imports
cattle or slaves from distant places.
(J^^i>- jtddjil, Anything sounding clear.
Bells; small globular bells hune about the
heads and necks of cattle, or round the rims of
Arabian drums or cymbals.
Jip^ jallddf An executioner.
iSip^ jtlddat, Strength, agility.
Jji^jaldl, Majesty, glory, magnificence,
dignity, grandeur, sublimity, eminence, great-
ness, power.
iSip^ jaldlat, Human greatness.
^*Jl>- jalh, Acquiring, gaining, capti-
vating, conciliating, attracting. Exciting,
raising a clamour, making a noise.
L^\Aff^ j'tdbdhf A pavilion or awning of
net-work for keeping off flies. A long veil
worn by the Eastern ladies. A shift. A
wreath or fillet for the head. A decrepid man.
^\Ap^julbdn, A kind of pea.
J^ jald, Striking, lashing, whipping.
(11«)
^
JaUid, StrengUu HaidnetB. Hard lerel
ground. The firmament, the expanse of
heayen. Jild, A skin, a hide, leather.
\^Ap^jida»& (pi, oiytiAD^\ GompanionB.
4mJl^ jakatf Sitting, one interval of
sitting. [briar.
^^mJl^- ytf/ntiirf fi, Bosa canina, sweet-
i^^ jUwat or jtlwahf Splendoar. The
nnptial-bed, also the place where the bride
sits adorned and nnyeiled.
t^Xp^juludj SkinB, hides. ,^t^j^julildi,
A tanner, a onrrier, or dealer in skins.
^^l^ jului, Sitting, Bitting down to
table, etc. The beginniog of a reign, the
acoession to the throne, the coronation. •
jalif Clear, manifest, evident.
Bright, shining, resplendent. [sale.
i_ -j^'^ jallh, A slave cairied about for
tyXp^jatldf Hard. Frost, hoar-frost, ice.
^juA^-jalU, A companion, comrade.
fjAp^ j'alil, Great, glorious, illustrious.
jjill J^J>' (^UJl J-b^ and J-Lp-
^|yjJl),Highin dignity. jUi:)ll JIpt,
In high estimation. j\jsSi\ (J:J^>
Host powerful.
Is^- jamm, A multitude, concourse.
as^U^ yamqftm. Skulls.
Jy^ jU^ jamd% ul awwal, The fifth
month of the Arabian year. jUif»-
yi^Hl, The sixth month.
cUc>-/»md^, Concubitus, coitus.
^\A^jamd^tf A crowd, a troop, a body.
A meeting, assembly, senate, society, congre-
gation.
J Us*- jamdly Elegance, beauty, decorum.
c_jIuJ^ ^»^ (iri^ ^^r^ vJ^^«^\i ^^ fi
iW\ JU^^ ^^ k^^' Then she
said : Whence is this handsome youth P And
she (the old woman) said : I know him not,
hut 1 imagine that he is the son of a great
kin^r. for he is of the utmost beauty and
loveliness.
jatndhlrt Bepublics.
>- jamd, Congelation^ concretion.
iyis^ jamrat, A live ooal. An eruption
on the body. A sacred solemnity or peregrina-
tion performed in the Talley of liuna, nev
Mecca, in which they defy ana throw stones at a
figure representing nie deril. An astronomical
or meteorolq^cal term used to signiff the
infusion of ntal heat into the elements in
spring, or rather at the end of winter. Accord-
ing to this theonr there are three jamrah ; — one,
the inAision of heat into the air, occurs thirty
days before the Temal equinox; the second,
affecting the waters, seven dap later ; and the
third, Tirifying the earth, sixteen days before
the equinox.
w«^ jam^, A collection, accumulation,
assembly, congregation, the total. A multitadc,
a troop, body. The plural number.
f A great multitude.
4jiA>>'Juin^aty Friday, the principal day of
religious worship among the Mahometans, when
they assemble in the great mosque. A week
djjMifl** jamrat, An assembly, concourse.
Society, audience. [Addition.
i^AP^ jamais A camel. J^'^l c-i.'Lm^ i
Zj^ jumlat, The sum, the whole, total,
aggregate. iSL^^rU or 2^4^, Uni
Tersally, upon the whole.
Jy^jumUd, Congealing, concretion.
^y^jumu^, Troops, crowds.
i^f4i>- jumhUr^ A republic. All, uni
venal. The greater or principal part
jy^AJB^jy\y Public affairs, f^^f^^
jumhUrtyah, Bepublicanism. c.f; «f^
Jumhurlj A republican.
jami^ All, whole, universal.
jaml^an, In whole, altogethei
U^^
iliH^l (JJ jS^uJui , And now it wi
descend with you into the sea, and you will i
be drowned ; then seek for jourseiT^
Lves csea
and salvation before destruction.
^^A^ Jamil (fem. i3u.4iSf-), Beantift
elegant, good, fair, handsome, jy
iL^«^ (or simply ^3u4^ , pL v.,*:. *^4j>"
Gracious actions, good things, good wor!
benefits, ^^t^^^ ^Uo^K Qood qua
ties, excellent talents.
•• %
(117)
did good to them, snd they retomed w the
revene; md sDch, br my life, is the oon-
doetof ^ vieked. Taiu be who acted kindly
to tite radaerfing is recompensed in the
as the aidef of Umm^amir.
*lf;j, Sow good, even on an un-
voitbj nil; for good will not be firnitlees
wbercTCT it is sown. Verily, good, though
It naata long buried, none will reap bat him
who sowed it
j>ynM, The genii, a race of material
iatdligait beiagSy whose bodies are similar to
the eoenoe of fire ar smoke. l<^
jmif One of the genii. ^^\ isj^io
t^fiu tljim. The race of genii.
^^jmah, MajeBty, highness, excel-
laieT. Power, dignity, donnnion, soTereignty.
^^j&n&Uiiy Foliation, remaining in a
■tite of BQ or poUntion.
^^^jaxmdi (pL oi ^^)t HeaTena.
^'•^^/mdi^Thewingsofabird. Uc^
r^J <>jl' ^ ^^^^ ^j^ ^j *^j
^, And while I was in this state,
lo, ftat bird alighted jspaa ^be dome^ and
!>rooded orer it niHk its wings, stretching out
i> lefi bdusd i^on the gronnd ; and it riept
writ.
J.
A.
md
>- jindMok, The funeral solemnity
[words.
^^jwdjfoif (pi. ijLi\)\:^), A crime,
iaiqmty. CjUl:^\ J^yi*^> Criminal
triboasL CL^ILJ] ^yU, Criminal
eods. cybUJ^ «^l^^U To commit,
mo a crime.
>m), a side* A honndarj. A
part, a tract of oonntry, a coast. CL^\3
i^^'.^\ zatu-l-jmb, The pleurisy.
ii^jannat and ^;U^» Paradise, hearen*
^UaU^l vlA^^ ^/i iUiy,So,upon
tbis the porter was oonfoimded, and he said
within himself: By God ! this place is one of
the plains of Paraaise ; or it is the palace of a
king or Saltan I
^ Jlc ic^ jannat ^adan, The garden of
Eden. The Mahometans assign three places
for this terrestrial paradise: the first, near
Damascos in Syria ; the second, towards Obol-
lah in the Arabian Irac or Ghaldsa ; and the
third, on a spot bordering upon the desert of
Konbendijan in Persia, called Sheb Bonran,
watered by the NiUb ; whilst others fix it at
Samarcund. The more ancient traditions.
Ceylon, where they say Adam was interred ;
agreeably to which opinion the Portngnese
hare named the mountain, where they pretend
to point out the grotto and sepolchre of the
&ther of mankind, Pico d'Adam.
9^l5^ junha, An offence, crime.
i5j- jund, An army, a body of troops.
:^ jtrndl, One soldier.
U9^ /MM, A genus, species, kind, sort,
mode. A generation, fomily, of the same
stodc- (ji*^\ M^^ , A generic or in-
determinednonn. ^^j^ui^jtnil, Generic.
^j.nnn'-'^ jtfMiyut, ' Tho correspondence of
a kind, species, or genus. Nationality.
^^ i!\ JLy»*ijsJ^, The French nation-
ality. £jU^\ JUma^U The German
nationality.
\j\A2i;>- jtmtiydndi The herb gentian.
CS^ jiMQi War, battle, a combat, en-
gagement, fight, skirmish, rencounter.
•/finals, The famous Mogul con-
queror, Gengiz Khan. The khans of the Tartars
of Preeop claim descent from this monarch.
^y^januh, The south, the south wind.
Junubf Sides, parts^ tracts.
_)y»>^ janQhi, Sonthem.
** .
0^u»- jtm^, Troops, Boldien, foroes.
(118)
yb ^^t^ 2rjc^ \jbj^ ^^ ^ l^U;
,^^ ^ l3^ (Ji^^ ^UU ^^^,
She therefore said to Imn, 0 thou endowed
with comely qualities, I am the Qaeen
Jofaarah, and I hare fled because Salehand
his troops have fought with my father and
slain his troops, and made him a captive,
together with some of his troops, se I fled in
fear for mysell
\j*iy^ juniUj Elinds, sorts.
^y^ junun, Insanity, fury, phxensy.
Darkness. c-^LmJI ^y^« The mad-
ness of youth, ^j^ ^ \jL^V'^\j\i
J^pjJ^^.They said, Thou
ravest upon him whom thou loyest. I re-
plied, The sweets of life are only enjoyed by
the mad : well, I am mad, then bring me him
upon whom I raye, and if he cure n^ madness,
do not blame me.
Jjy^ JanawH, A Genoese.
jannJ, One demon, genie, or spirit.
janln, An embryo.
jaWf The air, the sky, the atmo-
sphere, the space between heaven and earth.
i^]^jatvdh, An answer, repily. <^^^
^aLj , A categorical answer, i^.^ j\
arJuurf ^\ l^ ^y^ aDLa^f J^li, Ee-
pair wim this my note to your master, and
Drin^ me an answer to it. And he took the
missiTe, and went with it to his master.
o\^ jawdd, Liberal, beneficent. Bun-
ning swiftly (a horse}.
L^j\^ jawdzib, Attractive qualities.
j\^jttDdr, Neighbourhood, propinquity.
Yicinity.
—jl^ jawdrih (pi. of ^L>-^ W jariha).
Those members of the body with which neces-
sities are supplied. [girls.
^J^^ yau'drf, Female slaves, servant
j\f>' jawdtf Permission given, to give
permission, to allow. Being allowed, permitted,
tawAU. Going away. Passing by or through.
Jl^/tft^d/, A sack, a bag.
\^^\j>' jawanib, Parts, sides.
jib\^ jawdhiTy Jewels, gems. Jaj Leli
jJl^ J jU;^\^1 2f jjb ^^ ^ whea
tne king looked at those jewels uid jacinth^
his reason was confoundea, and his mind wai
bewildered, and he said : Yerily, one of theaj
jeweh is worth my kingdom ! j
jaJchy Cloth for gentlemen's coats.
dy^ jud, Liberality, ^..c.ii.n cl/jJi^
* ifjJayj Lfijy^\ ^J^J^ (JU^ji ^ «^^aKC
J^^ lioMCfc-j uJ) C^^* ^7 shape
resembles a fresh, slender branch, which, if
required, giTes in to everything liberally. Thou
Burpassest the horsemen of the world in ma-
jesty, and in imparting delight, beanty, and
Deneficenoe with prodi^lity. Cgo<^
Sj^ jawdat, Benignity. Judat, Heing
jj^'jfHcr, Injustice, violence, iniquity,
oppression, tyranny. J JjJI c^,.%n6^ ^^
^Jly ifjAJ^ ^LJuJ 4^Lbu»-yb^ cLSJc^.
And he Iotcs justice and equity, and hat€$
tyranny and oppression. And his son is in tby
city ; he is the vital spirit of his heart, and the
fruit and ddjght of his liver.
u>- Jam, A nut. c^^gV»Hj^»", IN'ut-
meg. ^^XJbj^, The betel nut.
\j^ jaumd, A star, the sign GteminL
Ij^l, The star Orion.
^Uj>- jaw^n, A hungry starved man
ic^ jaw^, Hunger. Being onc<
hungry.
uJy>- jawf, The belly. The interioi
cavity (of anythine). Juf, HoUow. JatcaJ
Gavi^. AmplitucKp capaciousness.
[i^jawfd (fem.)i Hollow. Extenaive
j^ jawk, A troop or body of men.
i3^ jawkaty A crowd, a multitude.
(119)
^if^ jawaldn, Wandering, walking
round. Hotzon, agitation.
Jj^f^junard, Liberal, beneficent.
^i|^y««, A bay, a gul£ t^^jy^^^'u^
JMi-u kaniaruHf The bay or gulf of Alez-
andxetU, vbich ntnfl inland for about forty-
fire mDes, and ia abont twenty miles wide.
It is Tery well sheltered, and it can contain
the gmtoft UTy in the world.
^f^jmhsfy A gem, a jewel. Matter,
BobBtance, essence. \Jj^^y jtMhari,
Substantial, enential, natural.
^^f: i^olairjl^ A dealer in precious
'itooei, a jeweller.
olp-yOdj, The faces, the surfaces.
jtp* jxhidiy An endeavour, effort. A
gallant exploit War, battle, combat (eepe-
ciallj against infidels). t^^^^i
/t%a<^,Belongingto religious war. ^/w^j
fjjlfs'l JU-^', ra^isiulrydJat jihA-^
itah. The major-general of the Egyptian army.
^jy^jihdran, Publicly.
jif> jakiU, Paraphernalia, or portion
given with a daughter, effects in the disposal
of a wife, whatever a bride brings to her
biisbaad*8 house.
Jlfv)iKAAa/ (pi.). Ignorant (men).
^W/dAdla^, Being ignorant, ignorance.
0 reckless in reVeliT, spreading wide the robe
of arrogance : heamtrong in follies, and prone
to Tain imaginings !
^jihai, The side, face, surface, form,
h^koLf manner, mode, reason, regard, respect.
•Xp- jM, An endeaTour, effort, attmpt.
Care, bboor, study,, diligence. Fatigve,
iffictioa. Power, strength, rigour.
jPrj^i Public, evident, manifest. Be-
v^afing, declaring, publishing. Beholding, i>er-
c«i^, seeing clear through every perplexity.
l;fr /■*"»*> Publicly, evidently, with
a dear voioe. \ 4^^ \j^, Privately
ud pnbKdy. iAs^C^\iJ ,JLlc1 J ^Ui
should I abstain from praising thee as thou
deserrest, and lauding thee both privately and
publicly P Truly, I will thank thee for thy
beneflts conferred upon me ; they will relieve
my sorrow, though tney are heavy to my back.
ij^jahratj Open, conspicuous. Jahratant
PubUcly.
ij^ juhrahf Yellow berries.
(^^p^jahl, Ignorance.
H^ juhald (pi.). Ignorant.
11^ jahalat, Ignorant. Many fools.
jS^jahanrum, Hell, the infernal fire.
S^ Jjbl, The inhabitants of hell,
the damned.
^4^^ jahannamJ, Infernal.
'''i^\ iU layhituTjuhnl, The twenty-
thi^ night of the month, Samadan^ esteemed
fortunate for those who pray.
J^^jahiU, Extremely ignorant.
cljr»- y^yya^. Hungry, s. p. of ^J^yr-
j^ytflsj- jthnnf The river Jihon or
Bactrus.
Ju5»- jayytd, Anything elegant or ex-
cellent. Fair, good, t/ ji\ J^^ ^
JJl^ Jrjj ^ uXL.^ d]j^\
j^ J^ ^jir* ^-^^ y^^ » T^® ™*"
who purchased me u a great kin^, and a man of
great wisdom, generous, and of the utmost libe-
rality. He has treated me with great honour,
and ne is distinguished and animated by the
most noble feelings, and of great wealth.
^jtPr j^^^^f Neighbours.
JJJU-5J- jaysh, An army, soldiery. ^\ ^
aIj&\ \dJb i^^-wAj , Then the king was
perplexed at his situation, and in ^eat fear on
discovering that the coming of this army was
on account of this young man.
jayfat, A carcase, a corpse.
jnyHkb (pi. of t-^--^)> Pockets.
^^y^ jwyiUh, Armies, forces, troops.
^j*s)\^l, The general of the army.
JU>
(120)
. hd or hs, The idzth letter of the
Arabic alphabet, and the character for ei^ht
in arithmetic. This letter has the yalue or an
aspirated h in English, with the difference
that it is always aspirated, in whatever posi-
tion it may occupy, whether at the beginning,
in the miodle, or at the end of words. Com-
pared with g, which is also an h, it is
a hard consonant, and is consequently asso-
ciated with hard yowels.
Mj\s>^ hdfim, A judge; rendering neces-
sary. A liberal num. A proper name.
-^U- hdj, A pilgrim to Mecca.
dJU-l^ hdj&t, Necessaries, wants.
c.j^^U- hdjih, A porter, a groom, or
door-keeper of the king's bed-chamber. An
eye-brow. A chamberlain. 1^9 JLas
aU^I ^\ , Bat the chamberlain met
her, and said to her, Whither art thou going P
and she answered. To the bath.
to"U- hdj'at, Necessity, want, poverty.
Any unayoidable business (going to the neces-
sary). Hope, wish. ^ ^J^l UU
I am most fit to conceal thy secret, and to
accomplish thy business, and bear thy letters.
^\^ hdjfat, A female pDgrim to Mecca.
J^U- hdjh, Hindering, jMreyenting.
jU. had (fem. i^jU- hddah), Sharp,
acute, jf jl». ^^^jt An acute angle.
Ij|^jJI jU- CJlI^, An acute-angled
triangle. ^ jU- hdddijfah, Sharpness,
acutenesB. ** [Casual.
d^jW hddis, New, just appearing.
iJ jU- hddiiat (pi. CjU jU. ), A novelty,
on eyent, an accident. A nusfortune.
^^ jI». hddi, A conductor, director, leader
of camels. Wary. One. JU^^jU.,
Eleyen. "^
JjU* hdzik, Ingenious, skilful, intelli-
gent, penetrating, excelling. Tart, sour,
sharp, acute, lo^ Jjl»- <_ -n nW \JJb
hata tablb hazik jiddan^ This is a yery deyer
doctor.
^jI»> hdMyahy Ingeniousness, skil
fulness, intelligence, penetration, sharpoea
Bcuteneas.
jU- h&Ty Warm, hot, sultry.
j;W. hdrat^ A district. A quarter in i
town. *^^^ ij^' hdrat el-yahud
The quarter of the Jews.
(jMj\>- hdriiy A governor, oommandei
protector, defender. A sentineL
^^l^- hdrik, Burning, ardent. ^J^
hArikiyahf The burning power of the fixe, (
the sun.
UV^ Aariin, A restive horse.
Aj\^hd»im, Besolute. ^U^U- hdtmiyd
fiesolyedness.
J^l>- hdnd, Envious. ^xAa^ hdsidi
^_ *•
yaA, The facility or fiiculty of conceivinj
envy against another. ^.X^Vf f «j|^
tarliul haaidiyah^ One who is yery prone am
quick in conceiving envy. _I
^Ju.)W1 huUl al hdsidtyah, One wh
is envious against every one. ^Jy
^JudWl ^fidlm al-hdiidiyiih, Onewhi
naturally does not feel envy. d'j.^
lanalhatidiyah toiU maktudiyah^ One who i
naturally fiiee and exempt from oonceim
enyy, and from being subject to being enriet
One who cannot envy nor be enyied (God).
^U^l>- hdsiifah, Sensibility. a^Ju
^UmjLs^I ^dlmtd hdnyahy Senseless
^LwU- Jij hlcfd hdnydhy Sensitivel}
^UmjWI aJlb ^adamul hdstyah. Sense
lessness. «^ju)liv.^gx ^^ mm gha^
katiyah. Senseless.
UU- hdahd, God forbid ! let it not be
in no shape ! Heayen forbid that
Saying or excepting your reyerence, with snl
mission to you. \^ JlSj \^\ j^saj m
*^, Then he drew near to her an
said: May heayen ayert and angels preeen
thy &ther from beiug afflicted with eyil o
thy account
JyS»l^ hdshid, Beady, prepared.
£jil^ hdihiyah, A margin, brink, edg<
ju.
A border. The Kem of a garment. A mar-
giul Dote. Men of inferior rank.
jLfU. Msid, A reaper, a mower.
^U- hdiir, Blocking up. A restrainer,
an astringent A calculator, a numberer.
Jitfla^ hdtH, Produce, whatever is ga-
thoed (ai eom, fruits, etc.). Profit, advan-
tage, atUily, conyeniency. Kemainder, residue.
Toe film, eod, conclusion.
^lLU^ kSsUiyahf The result, what is
prodneed from another thing.
jtf U- idm, A chaste woman.
jJU hddir, Present, ready, prompt,
comiDg or standing before, jmm^^ , To
appear before, to be present. Jl^lJ^U* ,
freaent and seeing, one of the attributes of God.
•^U hdfid, A grandson.
yl>* hdfir, A nail, a daw.
a3\>- hdfa, A guardian, a commander,
goTeraor, conservator, keeper, observer. A
^l>> hdjkai, A female guardian.
^l>> hdfiii^ah, The retentive power,
the memorjr, the facility of learning by heart.
jiv»- Ad/l, Barefoot,
^JWteibn, HJaving a retention of urine.
«^U^ hdkim, One of the attributes of
God. A sovereign, a prince, a lord, a judge, a
governor, a commander, a president, an arbi-
txitor, administrator, any person invested with
power, a magistrate. ^|;^V f^^^
^ikim bwmr tUah^ or the Commander by
the order of God. This was the third Fatimito
Caliph in Ecypt, who declared himself an in-
^^nate Go^ and set fire to Cairo for his
sanaement He ia the god of the Druzes,
▼hovonhip him under the name of T?^ Com-
"w«^ hff hit cum ord&r, instead of that of
Ooeamr 6f the ortUr of CM.
^'^S\j>' hdkinuti, A lady, a princess.
J^)l Jj {/i*U\ ^ J^\ ^KUj l%^\s>^^
^ Sa^ I9-J , I have no wish at all
v^aany; for I am a princess, a sovereign,
*>d i ^neen, ruling over the people, and I
we Boc a man to role over me.
Jv»^ Adi, State, situation, condition,
Dodc^ mamier. The present moment, the
pvcK&i tense (in grammar). Jls)tj
( 121 ) vKSl^
walhdlf Whereas, whereas at the same time,
and all the while. JlJl ^ In the
same instant. Instantly, immediately.
JU. J$ ^X&, In any case, however
things may t>e, without fail, at all events.
JlJl ^U (The tongue of one's state).
The language that may be supposed to be ad-
dressed to one*s mind by the circumstances or
condition of any other person or thing.
lllfi>- hdlan, Now, at present. c:.^u^kiJ
LjS^\ (-^b ^\ tji.*if3J\, I got up
immediately, and followed her until she had
left the palace, and passed through the streets
of the city, and arrived at the city gates.
CUSU*- hdldif States, conditions.
4^U- hdlih, A milker. A vein in the
thigh.
ilU. hdlat, State, quality, condition.
Action, motion. CJij ^\ ciJJuxclj
^UjJ\ ^ Sj^ iiiuJ^ And I felt
confident that this state of things would con-
tinue and profit me, and I ceased not to live
in this manner for a length of time.
jJU- halik, Shaving, one who shaves.
^♦U. 5am, The son of Noah, from whom
they say the Indians, Ethiopians, etc., are
descended.
Jl^U. hdmid, A praiser (of God).
J^U- hdtnil, Carrying. A porter, carrier.
c-J^i^l J^U- , The bearer of a letter.
J^U- hdmil, Pregnant.
i^l». hami, A protector, defender.
^^L>. hdwi, Collecting, containing, com-
prehending. A collector.
Jjl^» hdyd, Declining, turning from.
yl». Myr, Astonished, stupefied.
JU- Adyts, Possessing. One who pos-
sesses, who has acquired.
^^^l>- hayd, Menstrua patiens (mulier).
LjI>- hdjff, A wall, inclosure.
uli^U. hatfi, A weaver.
(122)
JjI>- Aay»7, Anything wliicb interceptsi
obfltructs, or binders flight or oommimicBtioii
between two objects or persons.
v_-.f^ hahhf A grain, a pill. jUSl l,."^**-,
Laurel berries. Sihh, Love, affection.
^j)l t^^t^ , Amor patrisB ; patriotism.
^/JIj I Thou makest prevail the love
of raiment that thou coretest, oyer desire of
recompense that thou mightest earn.
C^L>- hahhdtf ComSi grains, pulse.
JLfr- hibdl, Bopes. Mahhal, A rope-
maker.
^L». haball, Pregnant (women).
JjL»- hah&yilf Nets, snares, gins.
<^»- Aai^a^, One berry, one grain, one
seed. [charming !
1ju». hdbhaid, 0 excellent! brave! how
hahr, A learned teacher, a doctor.
A Jewish scribe. JafHt^^^l dlhahrul
a^m, n sommo Pontefice, The Holj Father,
The Pope, j^ h$br, Ink.
hobs, Eetention, detention. Im-
prisonment A prison. To put in prison.
haboih, Ethiopians, Abyssinians.
, An Ethiopian, Ethiopic. JL
^/yy»^t JBUdd ul hdbiuh, Abyssinia.
habak, Pulegium, or pennyroyal.
This word enters into the composition of
many plants, as^^l J^' Camomile.
J.«». hahl, A rope, a cord. Mahal,
Conceiving, being pregnant Conception,
pregnancy.
,^^L». hubla% Pregnant (woman, also all
" animals that have claws).
<.,i^.i>f»> hubiib, Grains, berries. All kinds
of com, pot-herbs, or other provisions.
hubur. Cheerfulness, joy.
habhah, A grain, berry.
^M5, A fkiend, favourite. JjJil
Jlioll (^^ti^ L^H^i ^7 patience has
fidled, and my diiqnietnde is ezcessiTe ; im-
mense is mj wailing since your abeenoe, I
am become mfirm and inyalid ! I take God to
witness, that your separation made me lose
my patience ! And how could I hare patience
to endure the loss of the object of my hope!
After the loss of my beloTed, how oonla I
delight in sleep? And who is he that can
find pleasure and delight in a life of abasement ?
aU>- hattdmOf How long ?
^-isfw hatf, Death. iiu\ t^J:^ ci^U,
He died a natural death.
hatm, Bendering necessary. Juris-
diction. A decree.
hatia% Until, 90 that, in such a
manner, and thus. As fiur as, as long as. So
much so that ; to such a deme that ; and in
proof of it I may as well mention, that.
z^\^.
UtXic ij\jj , And she used to love me
so tenderly, that when I absented myself from
her, she would neither eat nor drink till ahe
saw me again in her company.
hatta\ Eyen.
\^\j9 I have eaten the fish, eyen its
head. [lating.
hau, Instigating, exciting, stimu-
^ hq(f, A pilgrimage to Mecca. The
carayan of Mecca bears exdusiyely the name
of ^ haft which signifies pilgrima^ ;
the others are simply called JiS Jkafi
^^\j^\ The chief or commander o
iEe pilffrims (an office of great dignity dmini
the splendour of the khuifat, and generalV
filled by the son or declared successor of th
reigning sorereign).
UfA^ hifdhf Modesty, blushing, shame
A veil. cJiSl c^lf , The veil c
the heart, the diaphragm.
fmfj[^huffdhf Porters, janitors, bhaml>e]
lains of the king's apartments (haTia^ tl
charge of the door-ways), jjy m^j^
J?
(123)
* W^ cT* J^j!^ > ^ ^^^ whose heart
is in lore vith our beaatj, haTe patience in
tibf kit, and perht^ thon wilt obtain ns.
VbeB vekMw thai tJiy affection was sinoere,
aadthK Acjpanon that had prerailed in onr
heart hidaflbeted thine, we wonld hare granted
thee a dnUe^ interne w ; but the interview
mpnated I7 onr chaaaberlaina.
ij^^lufdid, k depntyship.
r'f ^V&» Filgzims to Mecca.
;lf ijrar, Stones. j\^ hujjar^ A lapidary.
jlf lijag, Mecca, and the adjacent ooon-
^t inin Petnaa. One of the principal
^raa or nodes in the Perraan mnaic, of which
ti«e sfe thrse, viz. : ^^l^U J^^,
U^ l^maif Applying the capping
^aan, b]ee£ng, mrifying. Shaving.
c^ i^iiM, Janitors, porters, cham-
^^^1 Apflgximage to Mecca (hence
t iisna of swearing ii\ L^, By the
Bcred Bolemnities of God). 4s:^ \j3 ,
The lait month of the Arabian year rbecanae
apoa Ae teathday a solemn feast is cdebrated
^itlUeea).
■
^^*gi^t A decree, a dedsioo, the sen-
^a» of a jndge. An aignment, a proo^ a
^fttm. Pketoiee, ezcnae. A document, a
^iMeed. [daoses.
^Hv'f ^toob, demonstrations, claims,
^•^i^flr, A stone. ^^^Jt^, The hlack
•*ooe at Mecca. v^^|/?> JjAyia
iuiJl I* j1|^. Bloodstone. 4>j|J\^,
l^Jvdiica.
^1;^ %r^ Cells, closets.
[^ %rsi, A chamber, closet, cell. A
*«n.jirf, a halL
j? ^ Prohibiting, preventing. In-
*»i7^ intoposn^, interceding.
Jf ^H A partridge with red feet and
:^ i^Uiiil ^fliai^^ .Ulx Uli Jf ^
jJifi>.\j */^ J^*^^ J**^'» I entered
a vineyard one day to eat of its grapes, and
while I was there, I beheld a felcon ponnoe
npon a partrid^; bat when he had captured
him, the partridge escaped from him, and en-
tered his nest, aiul concealed himself in it.
11^ hajaUt, A female partridge.
«X>- hadd^ A boundary, limit. A defi-
nition, distinction. The edge (of wit, steel, etc.}*
Ij\s^ haddtsatf Youth, youthful.
&>1«X»- hid&d, Mourning, mourning habits.
j\j^ hadddd, A blacksmith.
jIj^ hiddk, Pupils of the eyes.
iJ\tX^ haddkai, Eminence, excellence,
skiU. [ments.
^d>^ kad&yidy Weapons, iron, instru-
f^S^ had&yik, Gardens, orchards.
U«X»- hadh&f Hump-backed (woman).
^A>- hadahat, Gfibbosity (of the back).
if«x»^ hiddat, Impetuosity, yiolence.
Shazpness of temper.
C;jtf*^ hada9 or huds, A norelty, a
recent accident, contingency, event, emergency.
^j»H>^ hadt, Thinking, ccmjecturing.
Opinion, a doubtful opinion, a fsLBe opinion.
An intention, a purpose, design.
IJtXfri. hadaiat, The pupil of the eye.
CLi^A>- hudus, Noyelty, invention.
Discovery. Appearing, re-appearing, emerging.
J^ jk>- Attiik? (or ^jJl!i\ J^Sa^\), Bound-
aries, confines. Penal laws. J«X>-,
To fix limits, to describe the boundaries.
jjiX». hadur, A decliyity, a descent.
ffudur, Descending, felling down.
lL^iX^ hatUiy New, newly made.
^^^ kl^^J^j Of a youthful age.
An eTent, an accident, a novelty, a history,
tradition (particularly with r^^ard to the
sayin^jfs and actions of Mahomet, which
are divided into two classes; the first called
1^^^ ui^A>-, The sayings of the
prophet; the other ^^ynJiSf Li^tX»-,
The holy sayings (which they believe the
angel Gabriel brought from heayen.
(124)
r^*i^^-
»jp • o^-jJ^ ^^y ^ms^i There-
upon he looked down like a serpent, coUecttng
his long sleeyes, and preparing himself for a
sharp conflict, and said : Please to lend ear to
my narration, for it is truly strange ; it will,
at the same time, proToke smiles and move to
tears!
»>Jl»- hadid, Iron. «XjJu^1 y U a »il
•• ^ •• . k» ••
OjJlstI V\f Iron is only out by iron.
iXJtX>- ^Ja^, An iron mine, iron ore.
Iron is the only mineral which ahounds in
Syria : the mountains of the Druses and
Maronites are full of it. Jj J^\ (jij^
tank ul hadld, A railway. The realiza-
tion of the immense project of making a
railway from Euro^ to India through the
Euphiates Valley, will he most fayourable to
the Ottoman empire. It will be a source
of immense income to the Treasory of His
Imperial Majesty the Sultan: it will make
the Ottoman empire stronger and stronger by
giving him (instead of an immense wilderness,
always inyaded, rayaged, and deyastated by
rapacious tribes of wandering barbarians, who
cannot be subdued, nor in anj way ruled),
one of the most flourishing empires, inhabiteid
by a trading, industrious, and agricultural
population. To obtain sach happy results, it
is the interest of the Ottoman GoTemment to
grant the greatest facilities, advantages, and
privileges to the company in favour of the
settlers, and not to shrmk before any oonces*
sion whatever it may be. The immense ad-
yantaff es of the climate of the country, and
its a£nirable position between the heat of
India and the cold of England, the fertility
of its soil, the cheapness of its productions,
and its immense trade, will increase infinitely
the number of the settlers, who will hasten to
establish themselves under the happy skies of
Syria and Mesopotamia, and cultivate all those
arts and sciences which tend to promote the
peace, the happiness, and the prosperity of
mankind. The more I think of this great
project, the more I am astonished at the
immense results which it will produce. Not
only will it reduce to a few days the journey
between England and India, but also answer
all the aspirations of our time. It will
protect the integrity of the Ottoman empire;
effect the greatest political and religious revo-
lution in Asia ; civilize the wandering tribes
of the Arabs of the Desert, oaosing tnem to
settle and to pass from the condition of bar-
barians to that high situation of a civilized
society ; open new markets to England and
all Europe, fricilitate emigration, and relieve
Europe of a portion of its population, which
is increasing too much. In one word, it will
bring Asia to Europe and Europe to Asia, and
so crown not only the aspirations of Great
Britain, India, ue Ottoman empiiei and
Penia; but alfo all the aspirations of the
world by giving happiness and prosperity to
all the nations of the globe. — ^Extract from
an unpublished work by the Author, entitled
The Syro-Mesopotamian Bailway.
ih^X^ hadlkat, A garden inclosed with
a wall. A palm plantation.
1 Jk>* hka, Opposite, over against, &cing.
A shoe, a slipper. The hoof or sole of a h<pe's
or camel's foot.
ZJtiX>- hasdkai, Aenteneas, ennning,
shrewdness, ingenuity. i
jj^>. hoEor, Gaation, pmdence. To be
cautious, to be aware, ij^j^^^ ^^^ I
J Ji Ul yanfa^ hatar mm ladar, (Jantion
is vain against the decree of God. I
cJ J^>- hmf, Taking away (part of any-
thing, as the hair of the head, or tail of an '
anii^). Bejecting, cutting off (a syllable of
a word, by apocope). Blotang out. j
dLibii>. haiOJtat, . Quickness of under-
standing.
har, Heat, warmth, feryoor, ardour.
^ L/Jus^ J^ ^5?^uP-^^^/^^ The
heat of the sun makes us sit down in a bad place.
Burr, Free (not a slave), liberal, true,
(not spurious), genteelly bom. j^r^^
j^AS JJmy ^\ ^, al-hurra hurrun wa en
matmhu addunru^ The freeman is tmd though
misfortune assail him.
\j^- hirdb, Short spears.
\j^ harrdt, A fEomer. J3Mrrd$,
Farmers. ij\j^ Mrdtsai, Tillage,
agriculture. [feryour.
ij\j^ har&ratf TVarmth, heat, ardour
l^\j^ MrdMt, Custody, guardianaihip,
tuition,
jly^ harrdk, An incendiary.
ij\j>- hur&kat, Fuel for fire, ^arrdlai
A fire-ship, loaded with missile brands.
/^J^ Juirdm, Unlawful, forbidden, pro
hibited. Holy, venerable, saored. a^
To make unlawfrd, to interdict; to prohib
or prevent from sleeping. i*Ls^\«Xfs'^
The temple of Mecca. *
^l^^ hirmdn, Disappointment, depi
vation. J^jsi\ JjIS ^jOjsi\, Arari
is the leader of depriyatioa.
i!/.
(125)
^1^ kwdmif A robber, a thief.
^j> karipr, l^oble ladiee.
o^ kiri, War, battle. i^jJ\j\o,
HoftOe ooontnea* JlJ^ l^i^^, Battle
lodiingliter.
\i^ hkU [fem. ifb^^), A camelion.
\ij>^ Mm, Forcibly, with an armed
fixtt.
ij»- kBrhai (pL d^U^), A hunting
ipor, 8 jiTdiB, A qK>ntooiiy a halb«rd, a dart,
j^ iarH, Warlike, hostile. Kear
t» cr bonsded hj an enemy'B country,
.y^ itfrro/. Pree-bom, noble (woman).
i^ iJJ, The night when a bride pre-
»Tes her lirpnaltf (the night <m which f he
loses it being called LjiJUJ).
0.»^ JUrt, GoltiTating, sowing.
J^j>- hnrjmB&nj A species of locnst
«i& vingg. [male Lybian lizard.
^jy- Asnutt, The land crocodile, the
j;> hrij An amulet or charm against
boiotioa or enchantment.
js^^ lartUt An eager desire, avarice,
TW cxtts of thy coTetousneBS and eager desire
^sn eotnpped thee into destruction, since
tbfQ hast Mien into a pit from which thou
viU iKTer be laTed.
vJ^ jbf/, A letter of the alphabet, a
<|ttiactcr. A particle (as an adrerb, prepo-
BtuB, coBJonetion, or interjection). Chang-
, An inter-
, Letter
ing, mxerting. ^jJI
jeetionof calling. uJ
J7 litter. fitenOly.
o^ Ar/5rf, A trade, business, pro-
^■v- A oorpotaiion, a body of artificers.
^^ Ji^t, An artisan, a tradesman.
^ Aari, Burning.
^> hrhA^ Flame, fire. Ardour.
^^ kroibi^ (pL c:^!^), Action,
eondiet, proeednn. Agitation of
mind or body. Disturbance, commotion. A
Towel. JJ \^^ ''^J*^3 W^ <»l-^y«^3
I drew near to it, and walked round it, but
found no door to it, and I found that I had no
strength nor activity to climb it, on account
of its exceeding smoothness.
i%^ hurmf An anathema. JJamm,
Sacred, interdicted from promiscuous use. The
women's apartments in a house. The female
part of a family. A wife or concubine.
^t«^ hirmdny Disappointment of one's
hopes, utter disappointment.
l^j^ hurmat, Eeyerence, veneration,
dignity. Honour.
^^^ JETaramayn, The two sacred
cities, Mecca and Medina.
f^j/>- huriib, Battles. Wars, ^^j
L-ju^^, Encounters and battles. ^\ ^
L^^jOff], He then looked at her, and
said to her. Descend, 0 my mistress ; for I am
a victim of thy love, and thine eyes have
captivated me. And it is on account of me
and thee that this disturbance and these con-
flicts have taken place.
ij.-^ harUriyat, Freedom.
u-iji^ huriift Letters. Characters, par-
ticles. *U^\ ^if^f The letters of
the alphabet* [restive horse.
jji^^ harUn, Eefiractory, restive. A
i/\^ hurrtifat, Freedom. \^^ji *^
England is the land of freedom, and every
man is allowed to worship his Maker according
to the dictates of his own conscience.
jlj^ harlr, Silk. [and flour.
ijij^ harlrai, A kind of pap of milk
^^j>- hairUy Greedy, covetous. |Jp-j ySb
^UU LjAi^^ hua rqjul harU hi
ghlayahj He is a very careful man.
iiir"
(126)
harif, A tiyblL One with whom
yon do bmiiieis, a partner, associate. .
(jij^ harik, Fire, oonflagratioiL lail^-
Jij^\ ^yjlj Ji^xJl ^, Adhere to
your friend though he be in the flames.
han, Catting, making an incision,
notching.
a\^ hiidm, A belt, girth, surcingle.
The swathes or swaddling bands of infuita.
f'])^- hatdm, Packer.
c-^^ hMj A body, troop, associates.
An army, company. A leagne, confederation.
jj»- hiir, A guess, a conjecture. ^\ ^\^
i^jsr^l jTjJb jy cL.J:;L£^tj,By heayen,
if my imagination tell me tmih (U I gnea
right), this must be Joharah, and I suppose
that when she heard of the conflict happening
between the two parties, she fled, and came
to this island, and hid herself in this tree.
a|>- haxm, Binding, fastening (a load).
Occupying, taking firm hold. Being provi-
dent, vi^^nt, attentive, steady, firm in mind ;
considenng, resolving. Vigilance, industry.
Being abstinent, continent. (^j^\ J^f
ijpyL«!t, The beginning of determina-
tion is deUberation.
i-^J>- hwunat, A handle (of wood, com,
etc), as mneh as can be held in the anna.
^^ hum, Grief. iljjJI i-j\ij\ ^^\ *j
^ ^>JU ^\Ji J^jl\
i\ ^.i ^^)J\ ^j CijJ\j d^l
cyUU il^ii^ »_8U ^, t-CiU-j,
Then the lords of the empire and the grandees
went in to the kin^, and said unto him, 0
King of the Time, tnere is no harm in mourn-
ing for the king thy father; but mourning
becomes not any save women, therefore trouble
not thy heart and ours by mouning for thy |
fiithei; lor he has died and left thee, and ke
who has left such as thou art has not died.
^|jj»- haMirdHy The month of June.
^J»- AosiA, Sad, afflicted,* melanidholj.
^jt0^ hati, Sense, sentimenty fiMling,
Imagination. ^Ua!1 ^/Mbflr\, External I
sense. CS^:J^\ ^jm^\, Common ,
sense. To perceive, to comprehend, to dii-
cover, to understand, to receive certain intelli-
gence. To comb the dust (from a horae, etc.).
to curry and dress cattle.
c-^Lm^ hiidh, Computation, calculation,
number, proportion, c^Um^^ Ac,
Arithmetic. ta-^LM^^ ^ ^^wuu^f J
lam ahMub lahu hiaabf I did not take any notice
of him (or it), I did not make any aooount of
it rf^ imj\*u^ hiidb majtuhf Bun*
ning acoount. <-.^*Um^1 l5^' ^^ ^'
^Um^ f^SAj, To gire an
c-?L*^ ^^JA?, To call to
^^Llhs)lJ Juill, To cany to
u^L^l ^AJi , To settle an
Short accounts make long frienda* _!x
dt^lbLill c^liM^ , On joint acoount.
^Ji^\^ c-^Um>- , , My own account.
JcL^U^ c^Lu>- , Your own account
^mmr^ hath, Computing, reflecting upon,
concidering. Calculating, counting.
i^^Ai^rc^, According to.
In respect, on acoount of.
According to which. f^JiSl
To the best of my abilities.
^If**!! , According to license.
a\^\. Agreeable tomy desires.
J W1, According to exigency, finom the
state (of aflfairs, etc.). ^Ll!t1 »^
In conformity to the signal, or lunt
\jBji\ Smm -^o*!^ , As occasion may re
quire. J^-»/^ ^-bj ^\ j^\ ^ nur*
As God commands and the prophet explainj
count
account
aooount
account
account
(127)
Ss\ L^smr*^ , According to the order:
aptientf or order under the eeal of the yasir.
4«u>>- kubai, A reward. Goodness.
d!l Lm3., For the love of God.
Jun^ huadf Envy. To enyy. 43uMjr1
\jJi \df Envy is a disease that can
neTcr be cored.
Lmy^ hasrd, Grief, regret. j*ms^, To
sgh after, to regret (the absence of any one),
to wish anzioosly to see a person. (XfiS^
^1, \^j \'A>- • ocr\ ^ <_»ir;i
«^i*
:^l
2fjj«
*^" H^ C?^>J^ S5;*^^=l ^^^^«r/
^^jLtiaji UJly My tears flowed, on
the day of separation, like pearls, and I made
of them, as it were, a necklace. The camel-
dmer urged on the beasts with singing, and
I found not strength nor patience, nor was my
heart within me. I bade them farewell ; then
retired in grief^ and quitted the society of the
pUces I frequented. I returned without
bowing my own way, and my soul was not
eomfortra, aare by hoping to return and see
thc« again. 0 my friend, listen to the words
of lore ! God forbid that I should speak and
^j heart should not remember ! 0 my soul,
<ufie thou partest with them, part also with
the delight of life and wish not to lire any
nsTO I (any longer !)
hasMf Beantifol. Elegant, good.
Sum, Beauty, goodness, elegance. ^|
i^^^Jf^>J\, Yerily beauty is a miseiy.
li ^\j 1 j^ U JliJ \^ ^\j, If
h«ta^ came to be compared with him, it
vcw haag down ita head in ahame : or if it
were said, 0 beaubr* hast thou seen the Uke P
it would answer, Tue equal of this I hare not !
hasandt, Public foundations.
kannat, A good work, a benefit.
hutna\ Most beautiful, most ex-
^cellent. Fairest, best.
JjAM»- hoiUdf Envious. See Ju;9l>..
_AM>- AaMf, Sensual. Sensible, helong-
ing to sense.
(jmjIuL>^ hoihdyiihf Grass, herbs.
hmhrt A meeting, congregation,
concourse. Besurrection. JL^\ a^.
The day of resurrection.
li^LbuL^- Tuuhardtf Creeping things, ani-
malcules, little beasts.
HbL>- hasham (no sing.), Attendants,
retinue, suite. ^L^ ^^'^,^ c:J|^Uli
And when I grew up, and had attained to
manhood, my father was admitted to the
mercy of Ooq, leaving me wealth and senranta
and other dependents.
hishmat, Eeverence, respect.
hoihuf, Stuffing.
^JLJij^^^ hashish, Dry herbage, hay, grass.
Hj^Mr^ hashuhat, One herb.
Li»- hasd, Little stones, gravel.
jL3>- hasQd, Heaping. The harvest.
HasBddy A reaper, jl^s:)! <^^j» In
time of harvest.
iLd^- his&ry A siege.
iLild^- husdlat, Chaff, refuse, sweepings.
^L3>- hisdn, A beautiful strong horse.
ijlia>^ hasdnat, Being strong and im-
pregnable. The chastity or virtue of women.
Ju\»n "w hasdyd, Harvests. Jul ,n *>.
i:,.Jl!i\ , Sayings for which the tongue
is cut out. ij\ii\ ^ix &1& Hb U JuMjj
JLmJ)I1 JoLa^, And enable us by
ihy divine help to express them with clear-
nem and precision, and mard ns from error in
narration, and keep na from extraragancy eren
in pleasantry; so that we may be safe and
secore firom the sarcastic ton^e of the critic.
hashd, Gravel, pebbles.
hashat, The ineaBlee.
hiisah, A lot, portion, part. ■
hasad, Gut down, harvest.
Amt, Confining, limiting, shutting
in. To confine, limit, bonnd, shut up or in.
hitrim, Sour grapes.
AwoM (pi. of JUa^ ht8ah), Lots.
Aim, A castle, fortification. ^j>a^
-, An impregnaUefortieas. JGTtfffi,
Chastity, modesty.
ijy^>- huiuly Acquisition. Collection,
g&in* (*1/^^ ^j^^^^t Obtaining one's
huiHn, Portifications, castles.
AmoA (pi. Jao^ AtMM), A share.
hatitr (pL^^a^), A mat
Aotifi, A fortified place.
haddnai, Fondling in the bosom,
embracing, careasing.
hadar, A state of peace and repose
(opposed to^ w/ar, a state of travel-
ling or campaigning).
ij^hadrtU (pL CL^V,-.m-), Presence.
Dignity, majesty. Highness, lordship.
^yi»- hidn. The breasty the hody from
the arm-pits to the short ribs. lj\ Ji
fli JU\ l^y^^ L^^ |,^ ^\j\j[
^^ jy J^ ^. <^J^j, He then
daned to am and go with her, and show
liff liie plaee, hot he vas nnable to walk,
wfaenfore she carried him in her bosom, and
opened to him the door of the staircaae, and
eonveyed him to the top of tiie p^if^r
jl^i^s^ An^icr, Presence, appearance. Be-
ing present, to come, jj eH^lf '*^^
U*4»- l;»>t«iU And whttt tk
( 198 ) Up-
that thev hate come, conceal thjielf, and
beware or appearing ; for the lives of all of
ns would be lost
r^-^'^ hadld, The lower extremity of
anything. {gs^mi
haU, Casting down, throwing on the
(.^Ua^ haUdhf A seller of wood.
i^lLfk- hutam, Anything dry, brittle, and
easily broken ; also small, minute, a u3>
IJjJI, Avarice.
haiab, Firewood.
hattat, Letting down, Ming, d^
Boending.
hanh, Woody (place).
AoffM, What is abated in a price.
k^ Aon, Good fortone, happinesB. En-
joying prosperity.
i^o^ haswat, Happiness. Dignity.
Aa^, a sheep-fikld or staUe.
hafr, Digging, hollowing out To
dig a pit in anothei'B way to iiijwe Ida.
iji^kufrai, Aditch, agrave. J^c."^
l^ ^^ 9jJi iji^f fie who ^ a
pit for another fidls into it himwif
lato- hifa, Memory, retentioii. CostDdy,
guardianship. ks».| Topiuu re,gQsii
defend. To learn by heart. g;^''«i^i>
^Q\ i^»^\f Onarding bim ftom Tbe
hands of men.
hajn. Taking up wiih both haads.
k^nsi (pL iZ^lk
sore of both hnds. A
handfhL
JuA»- Ai^W, AgrsndsoB.
la^Ad- Atf/ts, A guardian, etc Sce^*^*
J^ hoik, Just, rig^t, trwL Tra&
reason, justice. •'•^Jf^ ,Tr«AishittB.
Ud- AoAAd, Beally, traly. TccOr.
5j\as>^ halarU, TBcbbsb, basoKi^ heuf
despicable* *&>*# ^ dafSH^ aftoct
cill^ AaAAaiO, Trat^ pH«»
\i^
j;Us)t |*j^ ctdumulhaiayli, Theology.
L^.^&v htMt Progeny, posterity.
ji^Ailufi Hatred, malevolence, ranconr.
U3l
JU? <dll . Ifi y j>-l ,.jl^, Thou wast
vcmt to manifest an affection for me, and to
d&iie mj friendship, and fear the g^reatnees of
my power. Be not» then, ranoorouB toward
me for that which I hare done nnto thee ; for
he vho has the ^wer (to punish) and yet
forgireth will reoeire a recompense from God,
msj his name be praised ! [Field.
i>> Aol/, Land without houses or trees.
.^^ hkn. Giving an injection.
hbuU, A clyster-pipe, an injection.
Ju^tiid, Malevolent, malignant.
huknk, Laws, rights, duties.
hiir, Base, mean, contemptible.
JjL£jl^^*i>. , Of base qualities. juA^-
;'jiJI, Of little value.
•^f^ hahiat, Truth, sincerity, reality.
A thing notorions.
^i^ luiJaiatan, Truly, certainly.
haiikt. True, unfeigned. Eeal.
jj
hakh, A graving, engraving. To
Kratch. IfJjL^ Av r (>::..^j>- Uli
A^wks't w::Jl=>- jL« , And when she sat
^^'^ with her mistress, she scratched her
hod, and said, 0 my mistress, wilt thon search
uit> mj hair ? for it is a long time since I
ti«n entered the bath.
*S\^^ kaikdkj A cutter and polisher of
P^Wfitt stones.
•»i^ kukkdm. Princes, lords, nobles,
fOTQiMi, judges, magistrates.
t'*^ HkdffiU, History, heroic romance,
table, tradition, a relation, narrative.
(129) ^/>-
^ill ^^\,J^\ W^j ol^ i/^
son, tell me what haa happened to thee. So
I related to her my story, and she said, 0
my son, this is the daughter of the Judge of
Bagdad, and she is kept m close confinement :
the place where thon sawest her is her apart-
ment
il,^ hikkat, Itching, rubbing.
jj^^- huhn, Command, absolute power,
' dominion. An order, judgment, sentence, de-
cree. To judge, decide, sentence, decree, de-
termine, order, command, rule over, regulate.
aU Jl5:)l,OodiBthejudge, heaven must
determine. j^4Csc^ (j \^ 1131nj|^ \j ^^is^
Jj |J ^\ ^\^ J-lS ^i, They
made use of their power and used it tyranni-
cally ; and it soon became as though it had
never existed.
UX^ hukamd, Wise men, philosophers,
doctors, physiciand. uiLsl ^jMJ ^U
U ^ ^ ^Ua7 ^\ CL:J;\ \j\ JU
For one of the wise men has said. If thou
wish that thy request should be complied with,
ask that which is possible. Now as to the
thing that I have come to implore from the
lung (may God preserre him !), he is able to
grant it.
Jujl^- hikmat, "Wisdom, knowledge. Art,
^\ ^Jlx, Philosophy,
physic, medicine. <ij<Ui>W <UiX>- hik-
mat tahi^yat^ Natural philosophy, a natural
JL^l Ia^^^ hikmat ilahiyat^
A cause arising out of God*8
science.
cause.
Metaphysics.
will ana determination.
d^yL^ hukumat, Dominion, despotism,
jurisdiction, authority, sovereignty. A princi-
pality. The exercise of rulership, the office of
sovereign, ruler, or judge. The sphere of a
jurisdiction. A state. i^^s^\j^j^,
markaz al hukumat^ The seat of jurisdiction,
seat of government.
fH^si^ hakim (pi. \aL>- hukama\ A sage,
a philosopher, a doctor of medicine,
jjia^ f>^^»^ hakim mutlak, God, the
absolutely wise. ij\J^\ <UaO |>-^^ ,
9
JU
(130)
To the wise a hint is enough. J^^f
^^y]t^ W^i Send a wise messengeri
and give him no instniotion. fi^\
(^UClb ^j»Jci\ ^Mf The wise man
contents hinuelf with the slightest sufficiency.
J!^ hall, Solution, loosing. To tdax.,
to solye, resoWe, dissolye, disciUB, dilate.
^1>- hattdj\ A dresser of cotton.
haUajai, The art of dressiiig cotton.
jis^ Mlak (pL ^lo^), A barber.
iSi>^ huldkat, Bhaving.
J2Il>- hai&l, Being legal, legitimate. A
lawful thing. Mallal, A looser, solyer, dissolyer.
i^t^^ halawatf Sweetness.
c^l>- halah, Aleppo in Syria. Aleppo
rose to immense importance on the deetmction
of Palmyra, to which it succeeded, beoause, like
its riral and predecessor, it was admirably
situated for the purposes of trade, as long as
the communication with the East by the
Desert was the only one known. The pro-
ductions of Persia and India were brought
hither by caravans from Bagdad and Bassora,
to be m>m hence sent to all parts of Europe.
Owing to these commercial aavantagee, which
it enjoyed uninterruptedly for many centuries,
Aleppo gradually became one or the most
important cities of the Ottoman Empire. It
claimed to be considered the metropolis of
Syria, and was only inferior to Constantinople
in ma^itude, population, and opulence. £ut
the discovery of a maritime passage to the
sources of its wealth was the nrst blow to its
prosperity, which has been gradually declining.
Aleppo liad been slightly improving for a few
years, when the opening of tbe Suez Canal came
to paralyze its progress. Aleppo will resume its
importance as soon as the construction of the
Euphrates Valley Bailway is inaugiuated.
See Jj «xs)l cHJ^'
H>^ haHat, Cauldron of a steamer.
halj. Carding wool or cotton.
hahznn, A snail. A horn-beetle.
t_
UX
half, An oath, swearing.
fjL>^ halky Shaving, scraping. The wind-
pipe, the throat.
aLil^- halkat or halkah, A ring, a circle,
a bracelet ; the ring or luiocker of a door ; the
link of a coat of mail. A link, hoop. An
assembly, a circle of friends.
A^£l.>- htdknm, The throat. The feinces.
Ji>- hulal, Arabian garments. ' The
habits of paradise. ^ ^}JJJ ^ JioA
soaring with me ihroogh the air, alighted ii
this place, in which he placed all things nece*
sary for me, anoh as garments, omamentt
linen, furniture, food, dnnk, and every othe
thing. [demencj
Jl^- hulm, A dream. JTiTm, Mildness
^L>> halto, Sweet Cl^b^L^ halwiydi
Sweetmeats. \i^\i i»UU\ |^ ajJ m
\p3j \j^ jSJIj i^\yi\ fi \J^
Then he placed before them the food; an
when they had eaten to satisfaction, tbe
brought them the sweetmeats, and the
sweetened their mouths; then the desser
consisting of fresh and dried fruits ; and the
enjoyed both of them.
^1^)l>- kulwdn, A gift, a present.
J^l^ hulnl, Descending, remaining, resi
ing in any place.
(A>- hali, Jewels, female ornament
Dressing herself with jewels and other onu
ments.
haltb, Milk. v,,,.Jj>- &Li ha^
ya^halibf A milkman.
XJkfw hifyat, An ornament (of a swon
especially on the hilt and sheath).
^l>- hallj, Carded or dressed cotton.
uJJl^ halt/, A confederate, a partnc
a conspirator.
(Ji^ htllk, Shaved hair (or beard).
^dJL>" halllah, A legitimate consort, wii
or concubine. [mane, tmctab
j^As^ hahm, Mild, gentle, affable, h
Ufw hamah. The ancient Epiphsme
This town is pleasantly situated in a nnrr
valley opening east and west, through wh
flows the Orontes, and is built partly on i
declivity and partly on the plain. 1
gardens of Hamah are beautiful and
vegetation is very rich. There are f
bridges over the Orontes, which here is a t
pretty stream, though not navigable^ *]
oazaars of Hamah are frequented by
Bedouins. The chief trade of this town
with the Desert
(131)
iU> iamaif A xnother-in-lAW.
A vild an. EammlSr^ An awndziTer*
iljU>- ^'ndm^ A she-aas.
v/jU>. imdr^ AjBuiine.
4dU> loiidM^, Beingr steadgr (ia reHr
gio&), bold ^ battle). Modern poetry (after
fte Aidwois bee«De> mixed ivitQ strangers).
Hcnoc poetry.
^^o* ^mind/ (fern. ^lUi>- hammdhty,
k ports', a earner of burdens.
/•U> joflidm, Boves, turtles ; any bird
vitli a vaSL Ju[^\ i*U»- hamam id
kndj Thepigeon-post, or the letter-canying
pigeons. Krerybody knows how lately during
tbe liege of Paris letters were sent by pigeons.
Th« pnetioe was. in use in. Syria a long time
ip. The pigeons of Aleppo used to serve as
fwmas fit)m Alexandretta and Bagdad. The
oaoner oi tending advices by them was. this :
^ took pairs wiiich had young ones, and
tamed them on hofsebadL to the place from
vfaeaee they wished them to leturiK taking
care to let them hare a full view. When the
Xfwi iniTed, the oorrespondent tied a billet
to &e pigeon's foot, and let her loose. The
1^ impstient toi see its young, flew off like
lishtniag, and arrived at Aleppo in five hours
mm Atexandretta» and in two days from
fiifdad. It was not diffiicult for them to find
their vay baek, sinoe Aleppo may be dis-
covered at an immense distance.
I*'**.^ ^iiima», A bath. ^J c:
vT* l*^ J ^J^ ,jir- u^
(.UJl ^> ^^^^\j ^hj\ ^, And
»he remaiaed in my company fi ve years, until it
uppened that one day she went to the bath.
•^•o- hamdmat, One dove.
^ — hamrndmi, A bagnio-keeper.
^^iiWBfl*, A fever. i^\t^
^^i^mmlataky A tertian ague, ^^^^i^-^
ijj^ hamnu^ muhrika, A malignant
^ ^^c. [guardianship.
H"^^ Um&yat^ Protection, defence^
w^-*»- Aflwd/iJ, The oord or belt by
'^^^ th« sword is slung over the shoulder.
'^^^^ ^«»<f, Praiae, praifldng. ^S^ V
^^^^^'i* f iBaH PniM be to God !
i!xk>- hamieUeh, Pronouncing the for-
mula 4^3 Sjk^\ el hamd dlah,
t^.f^ Aamra (fern. of^^4i»-), Bed.
ijA,>^ htunrat, Bednesa. Colouring up
fcom shame or modesty. [lence of temper.
humk, Stupidity. Hastineas, vio-
JBonu, The ancient Exnesa, a very
considerable walled 'town, situated half way
between Damascus and Aleppo, and watered
by a small rivulet brought vom the Orontes.'
It is encompassed by a fosse twenty feet deep^
and one hundred broad, over wMcb is a bridge.
The top of the hill may be half a mile iu
circumference. Home was celebrated for its
magnificent temple, dedicated to the sun,
«oaer the title of Allah-el-Qebal, the name
latterly assumed by the Emperor Heliogabalus,
who was a native of this place.
JkA»» hami, A burthen, a load. JXtmal,
A ram. A large lamb. Aries, the first sign
of the zodiacv J^^^t ^.luJ, Sheep's
tongue. The plaintain-tree.
Ha^^- hamlat or hamlah, An attack, an
asaault. A burden. J l^ U;^ )L>y ^l^
ilLjJ lU^. ^\il\ er* |»ji ^5i cU*-,
He was a man in poor circumstances, who bore
burdens for hire upon his head. And it hap-
pened to him that hebore one day a heavy burden.
.ft.
d^y4>>^ hunkHdat, Soumeesy bitterness,
acidity.
L4k>- hama^ffdf Whatever one must de-
fend (as a wife, standard, etc.).
hamti/at, Zeal^ ardour, impetuosity.
A nice sense of honour. Modesty, gravity.
hamid, Praised.. Laudable, glo-
rious. ^ JuA>- uJ^L^t , Laudable quali-
fications.
hamlr (pi. of^U»-), Asses.
u>- Mnnd, The herb henna.
^L^ handjir, The wind-pipe, the throat.
^L^- kindiai, The art of embalming.
^l:.^ handn. Pitying. Parental or filial
love. Sannan (fem. haanamU), Most oom-
passionate or afiectionate (one of the epithets
of God).
Mm, The violation of an oath.
i\ ahu himhaa, (Father of strata-
gems) the fox.
\
(132)
v^
\
hantuh, A Berpent, a snake.
Wheat.
(fern.),
hafMfl, Oiihodoz.
The sect of Hanifa.
'S:^£*- hanak, The palate, and the under
part of the month opposite to it. The back.
Deep black. The jaw, the cheek.
Lx>- Ednlfah (or liu:>^^\), One of
the four chiefr of the great Mahometan sects.
^;*^i.>> hanin. Parental or filial a£fection.
The affectionate cry of a camel to her oolt.
Mawicd, Eve, the mother of man-
kind. *\d^\
J^*
\
\ LJh^jU\
u
W^J*S^^'
-J -
f^
*^--flj tl^^^ ^^;a-»*p- ^j^c , Eve has not
borne any one like thee, nor in the gardens of
immortality is another like thee; then if thou
wish my torment, it will proceed from love's
laws ; and if thou wilt panion me, thon hast
the choice to do so. Ornament of the world,
and utmost object of desire, who can keep from
enjoying the beauty of thy face f
jl^^u^diM, News, accident8,events.
••11
lA^l Jj c^l^l, How many tribes
have alighted in these tabernacles since times
of uld, and departed! Consider thou then
what the yiclssitudes of fortune hare done
with others when they have befallen them.
They have shared togetner what they collected,
mid they have left the pleasure tnereof and
depnrtcQ. How many enjoyments had they P
How much food did they eatP But what
after all that P They are themselves in the
dust eaten !
4^1 c>- hawdrl (pi. ^yij\^hawSriyiln),
An apostle, or a companion of a prophet, espe-
cially those of the Lord Jesus.
^ ^f»- hawd8, Senses. ^LjUt (jybV
i^bUali hmoduul im&n atidhirah, The
five senses. ^j»t>Ai lamt or ^Um^cSI Idmi-
iiffoh, The sense of feeling. j»^ ha$ar
or ^ y^V ^^^myah, The sense of see-
ing. w4m> «ama^ or ^Lii/*Li sdrnt^fyoA,
The sense of hearing. j^J tawk. The
sense of tasting. J^ shamm. The sense
of smelling. '
^J^\^haiffd8hi, Kai^nSyborderB^hems,
marginal notes or obsenrations. Followers
attendants, domestics.
^1^ hawdfir, J^ails, claws, feet.
li\^ hawdlat, A commissaiy. Aamigna-
tion. A bill of exchange.
fj\y>' hawdh (or ^\f^j *^\^^)f En-
virons. Parts adjacent. [aaries.
r\^»^ hawdyj^ Things, alFairSy neoes-
h^t, A whale. A laige fish. The
sign Pisces. ^/^J^ |J iJ-M^)^ *^^-^^
lliU J J, <i\l\ ^-1^ U^ji U", ->-\
Uft^-^J^, No union can be eflTected
between generosity and stinginess ; so that the
one maybe accounted a lixiurd, and the other
a whale.
hawr, The (white) poplar (tree),
i^^jj^t The black popLar.
^j^ hawrdn, The southern reg;ioxi o:
Damascus.
ij^ hauntat, A tract, side, part ; thi
middle of a kingdom. [an animaJ
a!u0^ hawMlah, The crop or stomach, o
fjcy^- hawd, A pond, a large reservoi
of water. The basin of a fountain.
J^ hawl, Changing. Passing by c
over. Beturning. Power, i^^^ij^^^
^b ]ll. There is no power nor virto
but in God.
^^ hawmat, The greatest quantity <
power of anything.
^ hayy, AHve. C^j^J ^ , Eve
living, eternal. ^^^^, Idvii
and immortal (epithets of the Supreme Heine
Jlfi ^^^ , House*leek (a herb).
Ji>-
(133)
L^ h^y Shame, bkahing, bashfhlness.
^UjII ^Lsfl, Modesty k a part of
rdigini.
iL>> hoffdt, Life. Lifetime.
uiW haifdk, WeaTing. vl/Us
yoi, A weaTer.
C.'s^ k^ (or Ui-5i-), Where.
Vi^jI l^ jJ hayiumd taahah athab,
WkmoeTer (to whatever place) yoago, I will
foQov.
Atfy-
hnfiHyai, Ezaminatioiiy contem-
platbD. Statoi, station, dignity, considera-
tioQ. </>jjfjl ijjb Jx uj , In conse-
<iaei>ee of this considention, on account of thifl
cffiuidefatun.
^^ar(i^-^ hlrest or ^t^^^ibyardii),
^CB^ aBtoniflhed, eonfoanded, disturbed.
'ij^ hayra^f Stupor, perturbation,
Bnuuemeni \ssb If^^ Uyl w4^ Uli
^;^l 15* j'^j \f-*A3 JiSJ , So when
her &ther heard these words from her, the
I%ht became darknees before his face, and his
beait vaa tortured excessiTely on her account
for he feared that she would kill herself and
Ite vaa perplexed xespectiBg her.
Jj^ kayrdnf Astonished, eonfoanded,
eooioaed, disturbed, amazed. [circuit.
j?^ ^Ifh A containing fold, court, or
^d, Menstrual discharge.
Aoy/, Injustice, Tiolence, oppres-
ses, laiquity, injury, cruelty, tyranny. Ah !
J!;> iayl, Yirtae, power. Acli iJUytj
uiU. jbli ^^ J! IflUj, And her
^tther oecopiea a large saloon below, leaving
Mr aJone; and often do I visit them. Thou
aiM obuk an intarriew with her only through
•*; nam thyself with courage.
J*^ ^»ya^ Prauds, snares, deception.
<i*-^ lUo^, Kachination, fraud, treachery,
^^'^^HOB, finease, knatery, trick, deceit.
^ <lL>. *jjb J^-as*^ <j:Jl3^ W--^^
axj , And Lady Dunya opened
it and read it, and understood its contents, and
said to the old woman : This is one of your
tricks.
..r-^^ ^I»} Time. A small indefinite
space of time, a momeot. When. jJ^
And she was frightened and alarmed at him,
and the paper feu from her as she went forth
fitna the door in her alarm.
Ju:u»», Then, at that time.
\^y^ hayw&n, An animal, a brute.
CjUl^A^ hoffwdndt, Animals, cattle,
brutes.
(JLft»- haywdnt, Brutal, sensual.
^JIv^ htywdniyah, Brutism, brutish-
ness. iJi\y^ J^ hihd hQywdn%ya\
Brutishly.
i^^^ hayai, Life (j in this word, in
i^J zakat, and similar words, is never
pronounced).
hayyah (pL C19l^ hayydt)^ A ser-
p«it, snake. ^ ^^^ ci^CJl d^^
l^ik:^ t:>l/^'j t)\r^* Those ser-
pents go out in the night, and hide themselTes
in the day, fearing lest the * ^ ^^ '
tore should carry them off.
^ khdy The serenth letter of the Arabie
alphabet, expressing in arithmetic 600. Its
power Ib generated oy a gentle vibration in the
throat. The sound is not familiar to the Eng-
lish, iMit is used by the Welsh and some of the
northern nations. It is pronounced like the
Spanish^. In this edition it is represented by
khy not that it partakes of either of those
letters, but because it has been usual so to
note it, for want of a simple character.
aLjlfi>. hh&hiyati Jar (for wine, etc.).
.u
(184)
.U.
JjfUv. khdM, Deceiving, ciroomTeiitiDg.
A deceiyer, a cheat.
^If^. kh&tamy A riog. A setl-ring.
SdJb ^Jsi 4sxSJi ^^\^'\jli^ JUJl ^^\ fi
uL^Al ll^Uj JU;, And ^en the
uncle saw bis siftePs son in thia condition,
and knew that lie did not like to retnm to
hie mother, bat would go with him« he took
from bis finger a aeal-ring, on which were -en-
nraTed some of the names of God (whose name
be praised !), and handed it to the king.
JuJlf^- khdHmat, A 'conchisioiu An i^-
logue. End.
^yU^ khdtUn, A lady, a matron.
c jUl IAM^ DeceiTing. A deceiver.
^j\a^khd(kmi A domoBtio^servant (male),
^jls^ kh&rij\ Szternid. ^^Icj^^,
From without, on theoutside. f^j^^ (i
v-iUl pt^xS U^jj If^^ ^, She
then orderad Ihera to<dnig her, and to thiow
her outside the door; and they dragged her
along npoB her ftoe, and threw ^er down
before the door.
^-5j-^U- thdtyX A heretio.
. u^^k^ jlsL ih&rekln^, A hard evbetaaiee,
' of which tfieduneie mahe mimfs ; alaoheads
to arrows, eto.
^Ifi^ khdrik, Tearing, splitting. ^^
2rjUIl MdrilM ^dah, Extraordinary,
strange. [A treasorer.
^U. khdam (or jt JjjU^ IMtnaddr),
^^j\s>^ihd9ak, A stake for impaling men.
^l^;- Jchdtir^ Snfferkig, loes. A loser.
One who is oonq)Ietely disappointed, and has
lost all hope of saccess in his nndertakkg.
«^U^ khdihUf iEmnble, modesty peace-
able.
^U. khaOl, Timid, fearfoL
^\t>^Jch&Ut ]?iire, unmixed, ^e, ezcel-
kut. PaitioDlar, priTttew A royal fryourite,
whatever the king enjoys, ai his own domestio
or private property. Alc^^^U.,15"oble
andplebeiaiL All, everybody. PnTateaadpnblk.
^U- khduat (fem. of ^J^^)f Fiopntyi
peculiarity.
ii^\:>^ Ihdssaian, Bspeoially. Bat, yet,
stilL Only, at least. Entirely, qnite, bov-
ever. Troly, certainly.
Xtfle^ JAdsahy Pine cotton cloth of a
dose texture, oommonly«alled cossaes.
iLc\c>^ ihinnyffat, A natritive or sanative
*^TirtQe. Wholesomeness. Propensity.
v^Ul Jth&di^, Humble, submissive.
J^\:>^ihdtir, The heart, mind, soul, affec-
tion, propensity, inclination, memory, remem-
brance. The fiftcnlty of being Texed or pleased.
^UlfiL khdtt, €ommitting a dime, offend-
ing. A sinner.
J^U. ihafik, Trembling, {mlpitatiog.
The horizon. ^;^U. ^UjU. , The
two herisons, the east and week
^ISU^ ihdkdn^ A king, an emperor.
^^IjUl lAdkdnl, Imfperial sovereign. Per-
taining to the kkSkan who is the Snltan.
JU^ XAa/, A mole on the £EU)e. An uncle
(on the mother's side).
JDle^ ihdkif A maternal aunt
JU^ khdlH EverlastiAg, perpetual.
^U- kMlk, Pure, unsullied, unooi-
rapted, entirei The best part of anything.
^Ujs)l^lfi^,Sincereof heart UU-
ihdliion, Purely, sincerely, ^^l:>-
t^i\ kh&UsMdifrah, Prepaid.
^U. MaUfai (the eame as «^U^),
A refractory man or woman.
^}]\^ihaUkf'TheCrea,toT. ^j^^L^^
(jmUIj, TheGreatorof demonsandmen
WLilleL ihdlikiifdhf The creative power
khaWctymh km taArMi atmakhOiJnfah^ Withou
a creatiTe power, no creation oonld be.
^let hhAllf Free, vacant, empty, void
^J^ To evacuate, to abandon, to dc
sert, to reject to throw away.
I%lfi>^ hkam^ Baw, undressed. Unrip
' immature. A horse that has beea long in tl
stable. Long doth, stoat
(135)
Ji^U Udmid, Bead, resting, qniet.
^/^U. kkamiB, The fifth.
'L/tlrL hhanwrn, In the fifth place,
fifthlj.
J^U^ iteflifZ, Mean, eontemptible.
Jo^ hhsn, The Sultan. A lord (in
Fou). A prinoe» a nobkniaii, a lord, the
Uiia of the Tartan. A caraTansera, an inn,
*07 place of public neeptioji for trayellen.
Tben are aereral lu^ khans or okallaa in
erfiT dtj in tiiQ East, m which the merchanls,
pvticalarij fordgnen, naoally reside. In
potnl they are Tery handsome bnildings,
beiDf boiltof hewn atones with a double row
of anaika opening into an interior court, the
vpper ones aerring ibr counting-houses, the
lover onei for stores for merchandise. A large
foDstiin in the centre supplies water to the
beets of bviden which are loaded and un-
loaded in the open space.
(Jjli- U&mi^ Strangling. A narrow
pasithroagb moontaiss. A narrow atreet, a
laoe. ^t jjU., A species of night-
lUiU. ttdnakakf A monastery, or rdi*
ptm ctrnetore, built for the Eastern sophs or
<Mm. a eouTent, chapel ; baiting-pkoe.
yj^^ UdnH, The city of Canton.
^'^ Ikdnm (T. naed in Ar.), A lady.
w>«U. /UdicFi, Without inhabitants,
fBiotti, &lle& down (a house).
^U» khdjfhf Eiuned, impoverished, dis-
tppointed. [through water.
^A>^ ikd-yid, Entering into or passing
iwU. Udyt, A tailor.
'•^J^ iAfiy/, Timid, pnmllanimons.
i*,^^ Ud-bi, A deceirery a traitor. A
P«*^»as, tieacheroQs fbUow.
'^'^k yA khabdi, 0 in&moas I
'^^ iMomU, Wickedness, in£uny,
^•"M", depciTitj, impurity.
j«r^UaWdi,Ahaker. ^^jl^ iAwJosi,
Mallowi. ^'
K^ UflJdya, Secrets, concealed things,
-^V^ ihabajfg, Imparities, wicked
*•«• CRe Mother of flie Vices), Wine.
^Mi, Valignity, malice, bru-
**%f P>ftdj, aMlsfolflDoe^ impurity.
hhabar, ISTews, advices, repcurt,
rumour, story. Information poaaessed or im-
parted, intelligence, historical information, the
attribute or predicate in grammar or logic
y^. To announce, to signify, to in-
form, to relate, to giTO intelligenoe, to assure,
to caution, j^:^ c!/A*«.r. Jib koi ^aniak
khaiar ? Do you know P Are you aware P
j0:^ i^s:^ U md ^anil khabar, I do
not know, I am not aware, I have no informa-
tion of the subject, j^j Js- ^(kn-u-
khaboTf Information and intelligence. An
invoice sent with goods, or a letter of advice
that Uie duty has been paid on the same goods.
ijf^ 'khibrat, A proof, an experiment, a
trial, experience. Experimental or practical
knowledge, gjf^ Jj^\, ahU khihrah,
Feraons well and practically acquainted with
any subject to whom disputes aie referred.
khui%, Bread.
khahu (fem. it^.*^). Impure,
wicked, base, malignant. <U>;>^ rW^'
The infernal apirits.
khahlr, Knowing, learned, ac-
quainted with, informed.
2rLM^ khablzak, Harsh-mallows.
aIi::^ khitdm, The end of a thing.
fj^s^ l^itdn, Circumcision. ^Isi^l <Umi,
The custom of circumcision feasts.
^^cj^ khitdnah, Gircumciaion.
ijs^ hhatdlf Deceiving, circumventing.
Seizing by atrataffsm (aa a fox his prey). The *
form or lurking-plaoe of a hare.
a:;i£k khaUih The seal, end, conclusion.
^fij>^, To seal. To conclude. To
finish reading the Alcoran. ^1 ^i£>-
j^\} iJi\^i Hay God e&d his days
in happineas ! [Modesty.
il\k: khffdM, Shame, bashfulness.
J^ kka^'dl, Being modest, bashful,
ashamed, confounded. [Jews.
I%lsr^ khakhdtn, A high priest of the
;- kkadd, A oheek. ifdJbjjf^i] iJ]J^
(136)
\jbjftj^, When the prince heheld this
damsel, be wondered extremely &t her loreli-
ness, and was oonfounded by ber beantr and
tbe redness of ber cbeeks, and tbeblacimeaa
of her bair.
^ Jc^ khidd^, Stratagem, artifioe, guile.
J fX^\ ^ Jli, jLJLJI C/jJj Jij\i
m
And it happened tbat tbe fox oonnselled tbe
wolf to aasmne benignity, and to abandon
wickedness, saying to bim : If tbon perse-
Tere in tbine arrogance, probably God will
fiYe power over tbee to a son of Adam ; for
e is clever in stratagems, artifice, and guile.
^]jS-f Fraads, deceits.
jiXsi^ khadr, Sitting behind the veil or
cnrtain (women in the East concealed from
tbe yiew of men). A Teil, a cnrtain. Tbe
women's apartments.
c J^ khada^ Deceiying, circamventing,
leading astray, being insidious. Frand.
i^d^ khud^t, Fallacy, fraud, decep-
tion, imposture. i^JS^ uJj^\, War
is ftraud, ue.^ stratagem is necessary in war.
Khad^tj An impostore, a cheat.
AtXs^ khadam, Serrants, domestics,
xetinne.
ci^U JcL khadamdt, Serrioes, etc. (pi. of
^^JkfL khidmai, Servioe, employment,
office, ministry). .Jl^^ ^y ^ /%l3
He rose from his sleep, and baring performed
tbe morning prayers, mounted ana repaired
to attend npon the Sultan, and be passed on
bis way by the door of the palace.
JjJ^ khudad, Cheeks. ^jJi\ ^U
♦ 1^1 Ji J^l u^ Juuljflculi, And
the grare eloauently answered tiie inquirer for
them : As to tneir cneeks, the rose is gone from
them. Long time the^r ate and drank ; but
now, after pleasant eating, they bare Uiem-
selrea become the prey of the worms.
j^«A5>^ khudiLr, Curtains.
£u^X£^ khadi^t, Fraud, deceiving.
i^ khuz (imperat. of J^l), Take tboo.
JtXfi^ khasd (and ^Jt^), Weakness,
Being destitute, disappointed, abandoned.
c^f,fi>^ kkardh, Buin, desolation. De*
stroyed, deserted, depopulated.
oLUc^i. khardh&tf Deyastations, ruins.
-p.|^ khardj, Tribute, tax, revenue.
jj^ kharrdr, Murmuring (as water, etc.]<
^^\^\js^ ir%tird«dii,An extensive country,
the ancient Bactriana, lying to tbe north oi
the riyer Oxus or Gihon. Khurasan, th«
Damascus sword-blades. The manufacture oi
sword-blades, for which Damascus was sq
long and so justly celebrated, was removed to
Khurasan after the inyasion of Tamerlane.
The sword-blades in question appear to hxsi
been made of thin lamina of steel and iron,
welded together so as to unite great flexibiiit)
with a keen ed^. Those that are made noi
are of an inferior quality.
klJfiL kharrdt, A turner. Xi?!^, The
art of tuning. [The nose
A-J?!^ The proboscis of an elephanti
ii\j:L khurd/at, A fable, an entertainiD|
tale. Malice, detraction, fifdsebood.
kharah, Buining.
kharf, GK>ing out. Outgo, charge
Expense, cost, ^^j^^ ^^ ^ steward
a maitre d'hotel. 'rj^* ^^ expend
To go or rush out. ^
khwfjf A double caipet!-bag, pn
in pairs upon pack-horses, hanging from bot
sides beneath the rider when trayelling. .
large saddle-bag, put in pairs upon paok-horse
Jj^ khurdal, Mustard, mustard*8ee<
j^ kharat, Small pearls, glass beadi
coq de perle, or things similar.
j^y The joints in the back-bone.
^/t^/^ kharas, Being dumb, dumbness.
L^ kharsd, Dumb (woman).
^La^ kkundn, Dumb (men).
]ffj^ khart, TJnbarking. SmootKiii
especially in a turner's lathe. Stripping
branch of its leaves, or a duster of tbe grap*
by drawing the hand fiom one end to the ot&
\
• •
(187)
«rA -•
A^yflL IhariitM, The proboscis of an
dcphint. The how of a fin engine.
^li^ Uirfan (pL of i^jijU-), Lambs.
J3y>. ikarfiln, An old man who has
beeone childish by his age.
j;d^ iWi, Bending, tearing, to rend,
to tear. ^^js>^ khirk, A fissaroi a
nrandhole in a torn gannent.
4J^ kkirkat, A garment made of
fhndi and patches. A remnant, a patch, a rag.
1*^ Uarm, Piercing pearlsor glass beads.
ly^ J^annd, Having the tip of the
11066 cot off, the briidge broken, lip chapped,
V ear pierced.
SV^ hharrikb, or ^Jy/^ hhamnh,
Bon-pods, earobs. The bread of St John,
or of the prodigal son.
pj^ khmriij, Going, rushing, sallying
^Qrth in a hostile manner. Going forth,
iaraing. A rebellion, ^^^-.^yci-
^ILUt ihurilf ^akusultdn, Eebellion
igaiiut tike soTereign.
ujj^ JtharHf, A lamb.
J«/^ ikttr(Lk, Fissures, cracks.
jij^ iharir, The murmuring of running
witcr.
^/v ikartf^ The autumn, the harvest,
Aonnnnal rain, the fall of the leaves.
^^/>^ ikarifi. The autumnal harvest.
^'/^ ikndmaij A ring made of hair,
P^ throogh a earners nose, to which the
"idle is bstened. Khmamat^ A wild herb
of a flagrant smell, with a long stalk, small
lc»«i, sad a red flower.
^^j^- ihiMdnah, or Lij:^ khaasHna, A
^^^tnrjf treaaore, a repository. The pnblic
nraxuB. i^U ^1^, The Imperial
troworj. Jt^\ !j\j^f An armoury.
^t]^ jXJ\j i^ ^\j\i ^ i Vjfli
^Ufll^ «-yJ\ OifT lJU-^1 , And they
went thence to the second chamber and opened
a closet in it, and lo, it was filled with arms,
and weapons of war, consisting of gilded
helmets, Davidean coats of majl, Indian
swords, lances of Khatt Hejer, maces of
Khnwazeim, and other instruments of war and
battle.
^t^ ihtndffin, Treasuries, treasures.
^<Ji^ L<^^ jU Joe , Peace and saluta-
tions from the treasuries of the grace of my
Lord be on her who possesses my soul and my
heart.
^Js^ khagJfMt or khax^lfMh, A treasury.
jl J^ >>- khatnaddr, A treasurer.
j\m*^ khasdr, ifjUuf^ khasrdut, Doing
damage, injury, a loss. ^jluAf^b
ydk?tasdratahu, What a pity for him !
<uLuJl X^\ U:l.i w« ^j\mS^, And
I heard the maid at my head say to the one who
was at my feet : Poor master I What a pity
it is that he should be the husband of our
deprayed and wicked mistress !
^LjIams^ khaadsatf Being avaricious, mean,
ignoble, low-bom, covetous. Meanness.
<U>*rw khatiat, Yileness. Avarice, ava-
rioiousness.
jMi^khuir {oT ^js,^^ MiMrdn), Damage.
^ufiTering a loss, losing. ^j^^ *j^
^^M^Jj ^ji, The fruit of timidity is
neither gain nor loss.
u, f^**fw khmnf, Being sunk (or lying
concealed) under ground. An eclipse of the
sun or moon.
khtuHSf Avaricious, sordid.
1^ khoAsat (fem. of^jyy>Mi.^ khasla),
A miser, a sordid, parsimonious woman.
^^lilfw khasluhdh, A seller of wood.
khaskab, Wood, timber, [seed.
^^*ac — ** kha»hkhdah, Poppy, poppy-
jMms^ khushkdr, Bread of coarse un-
sifted flour, full of bran.
A J
(188)
A -•
^1^^ tkoihn, Bough. L^Lrt ^
(A man) of roogfa, mpdUfhed maniien.
cyu£^ ihuihu^p Hnmility, BubmisBion,
respect, fear, modesty.
djy^tS-^ khmhunaty Asperity, seYerityi
rigidneeSy fieroenesB.
<iju»f*. khoikyiU, Fear, tenor, dread*
Uttw khisdy Castration.
^LosL ihoidt (or ^.tflidf^), Poyerty.
JUifi>- ^Md{, Gk>od manners, properties,
or qualitieB.
i^LasL khudm, Litigating.
^^JLafl^i^^dy«, Qualities, yirtaes. ^c^\
•-r^ i*^ i^^J *r-**» ^l*"" *«>
listen to my narration, which is Terr strange,
and which movea to tears and proTokes smSes
at the flame time. I am a man whose yirtues
are exempt from any defect, and about whose
glory and immense merits there is no donbt
Jjld£>>. khasa^l (pi. of ^.M^gv ), Tempers.
Points of eharacter, moral qualities.
SLas^ ihatlat, A quality, property, mode,
talent, virtue. Temper, hmnonr, disposition,
nature.
A«flgv. thoitn, An enemy, antagonist, ad-
* yersary at law, game.
>- khwHi, A thing, business, affiiir.
partienlar. Any particular sobjeot, matter,
affair, speciality. I)eTotedne88.
\^ya:L JthfuHMnf Particularly,' eepe-
cially, ohiefly.
Ayrf>^>gtfl khuaiUifftU, Particularity, singu-
larity. Attachment, intimate friendship. The
2nality of being special, the qnality of being
eyoted. Deroteaness, love, frienduip,
d^yae^ khuHLmf Enemies, rivals.
^Zj\^yas>^ khusUmdt, Law-suits.
i^yo^ hhutHnuUi Litigation, a law-suit.
Bnmity. [animal.
^^«a^ hhoAy A eunuch. A castrated
^\<k»a£^ Vnuiydnt Eunuchs.
^j'.j^rttf^ klmyatayn (dual of iJj.arC),
The two testicles. [prodnoe,
>>. hhuibf Fruitful, abounding in
VhaiUmy Litigating, opposing.
Khidr, The prophet Elias, and St.
Geoigeof England, whomtheycall Khidr Biai.
\jA^ hkadra (fern.), Green, fresh.
ijo:^ kkninUy A green pot-herb.
\Zj\^j»n< khadrdfvdt, Greens, herbs.
c ^.ofiL khadu^f Humble. Kkud^^ Sub-
mission, humility, respect, yeneration, bowing
the heed in reverence. ^\ c
How art thou reduced to humility and sub-
mission, abjection and obsequiousness, after
thy disdain and pride, thy tyranny and hanghti-
khadid, The foot of a mountain,
and in general the lowent part of anything.
kfiL JthoHf A line, a stripe, a character,
a letter, epistie, handwriting ; a figure dra^
on the sand by conjurors ilheD. making tiieir
incantations, v— ■'or*^ lofw \jjb hoMd
• •
kJuU va^Jii, Thia is admirable haodwritiiig.
My handwriting surpassed in beauty that of
the best scribes, my fame spread in all countries,
and I had great reputation among all kiaga.
L^jii lafL, Boyal letters, diplomas,
or mandates, signed or supeneribed by the
king's own hand. ai«a:um^ Lc>-, A ri^fat
line. ^^Vfl^Lfi^, A curved line. lu>-
1^1^ , A parallel line. jyafi!ae>^,A
perpendicular line. ^jJOm*^ Ls^, A
circular line. tjSMilL^, The diameter.
jlyjJIla^, A meridianal line.
UafiL ihatdf A sin, a &ult, a crime, an
error, inadrertenoy, blunder, mistake.
ujU(3£>. khitdl, Conversation, speech.
Correspondence by letter. Addressi.
itfUsf^ kkattdt, An elegant writer, cali-
grapher. A proftssed writer of ealigraphy.
jlUl l^UaflL , A geographer.
jU.
(139)
U.
iJlLi- UaUdf, A nTisher. JSMttdf
(pL tJirUid^), A BwaUow.
%a mmikh, Deadly sins. UlLe;^
i^^ iJntd^d ^Mdijfah, Yenial siiiB.
4«1^ 'd^\ alUuaiyiU tuUuIijfah,
Tbe or^pbal am.
'd^ IkMmkkstk^ An m&on did-
Tinni imj FridsT, after tiie forenoon ter-
^ n ike pnndpal MalioiiMtBn mosqneB (in
viddk thcT pnjie God, bleiB Mahomet and his
teadatBt ind pray for tho king). Thii
w gaenllTnrononneed in former timeB by
^njpmig KhaHf, or tkM heir apparent
'^yMah, Bedntkiag, to demand in
Misge. C<Ut aU^ ^^ ^U JlSi
c^Uje^CdAU^Ij ^\ C^ ^\
iJjLd fcjyu vr^f^, Therenpom Saleh
■id: Haj Godamend the state of the king! I
doDotdcoaad her in marriage for myself; yet
if I demand her for myself, I am her eqinl,
ndoare; forthosknowesttkatmyfintherwas
ne of tile Sings of the Sea, thongh tbon art
tern our king. Bnt I demanded her not in
^mfc, BBTB for the king, the son of my
SBtff, iho is the King of Persia, whose fother
saitke Xii^ ftHihffftnuni, aad tbos knoirast
Kipowr.
joi^Uetar (pL^lLs;-!), Banger, risk.
i^-fio^ Mm/, Seizing, carrying off.
<j^ ihtUwai (pL (jL>\^2:i^), A step, a
*P*^ Ihe ipaoe between the feet.
'>^ c^r'^ftc^ y^UU U^b ^j^\
Ajl^ , And I made a mark at the place
^ 1 rtood, tad went rovnd the dome, mea-
■nigiti suwuufemico; and lo, it was fifty
f^tfMllength.
Jf^ UMi9r, Coming into the mindt
'^yo^UulU, Lineey writingB^ Iv^Lsw
¥^t Badul lincf, rays of the son.
r T
idttk. hhiidhf A district, r^on, tract,
country.
L^-^"^ ihailh, A preacher.
^>^ jUa^^, A sin. See bUafl^^.
Jt2:>- JtJktlr, Oreat, honourable, digni-
fied (man). .gVirw^t, An important,
douhtftd, or dangerons affair.
Ua;. khafi, A secrety a concealment.
Ooeolt, hidden.
^\ls^ khuffash, The bai
uJ\I:>- thapif^ A shoemaker or seller.
LUsL hhafiyay Secrets, mysteries.
itAt^k^, Levity in behaviour. Light*
^ St ^
ness of weight. Qoing fast. i^sS-^
ihifatmh Lightly, saperficially.
^a:>. khafi, Depression. Putting the
Towel luura (^) under the last letter of the
oblique case (called likewise j-^)*
^j ^U Sa&^ ^yo ^j^i:i^ KlSLJiM
aJ^^ _)jJ^ , And the king, speaking
in a low Toioe, and adapting his tongae to the
vronnnciation of the blacks, e|acalatea : There
IS no strength nor power but in God, the most
High and the most Great I
Ihafk (or J^ IhafaUn), Palpi-
tating, trembling of the heart
hhaflf Clandestine, concealed*
ihmfyatt Concealment, hiding.
Khafyatan^ Privately, secretly. Khafiyat, A
leeiot
khaflff A protector, guardian, tutor.
Toll paid for protection of the roads.
uJ:^ iU#/t/, Light (of weight). Un-
dignified, immoraL A speoies of verse.
J^ khali Yinegar.
j£^ ttO, A friend, particularly a sincere
and intimate one. KhuUf Intimate friendship.
\m^\jmj , Tou rave about the full moon
in the vault of heaven ; leave off thy delusions,
for she is my beloved, not that moon: her
eharms outvie the revival of the dawn.
lek khM, Being vacant, deserted, at
jl^
(140)
iM
leisnie, free, ^le^ orlLi^t*, Besides,
beyond. ^1 IrL, Saving thatyUnless that.
^^h>^ khalds, Liberation, redemption.
JaU. , To set at liberty. t-^LfiJUilj
^^\ i\ idll ) jL^l Jtij, And instantly
the joath shook, and stood upon his feet, re-
joicmg in his liberatioii, and exclaimed : I
testify that there is no deity bat God !
^pi^ khuldsat, The purest and best
part or substance of anything. Purified or
clarified butter. The essence of a thing.
c&sL khula^ The palsy, the epilepsy.
ufH'<. khilaf, Contradiction, opposition.
jliA^^It uJlL^, Contrary to ordinary
practice.
ijifL khUdfat, The Khalifat, yioegerency,
lieutenancy. Imperial dienity, monarchy.
Succession, snpplymg the ^ace. Hierarchy,
Ticarage.
jSU. khalldk, The Creator, ^l^^.^
ji^l or jL^ Ik^ Mhan UMMdl,
I sing the praises of the Creator, or Praise
be to the Creator! an expression of admiration
when giring the description of a young lady
of great beauty. [dour, sincerity.
iSL^ khaldlat, Sincere friendship. Can-
fjis^ khtldl, A toothpick, an earpick. A
grammatical conjugation or paradigma of
aeriyation.
^•«£^ IkuUdn, Intimate Mends. ij\ aJ
^Ml v^uJLiljj mLb-JI ci^U
Then I enjoyed the society of my companions
and friendb, exceeding my former habits.
:L khakiyf (pL of liAtS^), Kings,
Ticegerents. [creatures.
jJ)LsL kkaldyhy Men, people, nations,
^vsr^ hhdkfjdny Motion, agitation, com-
motion, paljntation, perturbation, trepidation,
anxiety, curiosity. Khulfin^ Sea canals.
Jli^^ khalkhdl, The ring of gold or
sHrer worn by Arabian ladiesround their ankles.
ti\x>^ ihuld, Eternity, perpetuity. jleL
khaUad (in prayer), May it endure for ever !
:^, May his empire remain !
laL^ hhaltf Confusion, mixture. LU^,
To mix, blend, confound. Any one of the
four elementary humours of an animal hody.
wIlsL khal^ Drawing out (slowly).
Pulling off (clothes, etc.). Deposing, remoring
from office. Bepudiation of a wife, whe&
desired by herseu from an ayersion to her
husband (on which account she resigns sll
settlements, and the presents made to her at
marriage, which, had the divorce taken place
at his motion, must have been kept by or
deliTered to her). Disinheriting a son asd
turning him out of doors. luTcsting with a
robe of honour. JBJ^ilaf^j Bobes of honour
with which princes, etc, invest those whom
they mean to distinguish.
SA^ ihal^i, A robe of honour.
u»gljw khalf, Coming after or behind,
Bttooeeding (as day to day, people to people,
etc.). The latter part. aJL (^--^zj
C-^U1 mMj\^ JUSSf uuiaS LmCJ <U^U
yi^jJ ^j l|iU. \j\j <^s-^>=^j, And
then she pronounced some words that I under^
stood not. Whereupon the locks fell off, and
the gates opened, and she went out, I still
following her, wi^out being perceived by her.
t— flL'w khalaf, A successor. Posterity,
descendants.
U]l£>- Jehulafd, Ehalifb, emperors, kings,
princes, lieutenants, vicars, substitutes.
^^jJbiyi UliJl, The four lawful
khalifr, t.0., Abubekre, Omar, Othman, and
Ali, the immediate successors of Mahomet
(The Persians do not ackowledge the three,
first, being of the sect of AH.) ""UL;.
^JL^Jju, Sucoessiyely, uninterropt-
edly. [your place.
JUlflL kfudfatf Substituting another in
^^ khalaft, Successiye.
j;!^^ ihalkf Creation, production.
People, a nation, the populace. Khulk or
khulak^ Nature, quality, property, custom,
manner (generally in a good sense). Diapom-
tion, temper.
ilftL^ khUkat, Creation* Natural disposi-
tion. ^\j CL)lL^ fc^jljJl Lli3j J^^
isjisji J^ UW ^\fiU.| All that
valley was likewise occiq»ied by serpenta and
venomous snakes, every one of them like a
palm-tree ; and by zeaaon of its enozmoua aize^
^
(141)
if an depbint came to one of ihem, it would
iwiUowH.
Jlrw ihM, Disturbance, disorder, con-
Mm, rupkirei breach, defect, damage, in-
co&Toiienoe, prcnudice, injury, ruin, destruc-
tioD, oaraption (of anything by negligence}.
i^ ihdwai, Eetirement, Bolitnde.
£m]iti(Da& A doset, a priyate apartment.
Secret ooooeil or debate ; privacy.
0^ Ikd^, Eternity. Perennial. A
fiesh and yigorona old age. ^^j^^\)
*u^, 0 thou best of all men to
vhom Sre has giyen birth ! but for thee, the
worid were not heantifnl nor pleasant. The
man to whom God sheweth thy face has ob-
tained immortality, and he yrili grow neither
decrepit nor hoary.
^yS^lkdiU, Parity, sincerity, candour,
istcfiity. Friendship, affection.
<^jU. IhviiUiyatj Purity, candour.
<^ibAa^', Acanal. ^U'.jWdaM.aH ^i^
hMj^ hutaniini^ahf The canal of Constan-
tinople, the BoBphorus. ^j*ijyj\^\s>^
ihalij omo, The Snez Canal.
' JsMit, Mixed. Any mixture.
khah^ (in j\iji\ ^^ kkall^
«/ \iaar\ Bare&ced, shaibeless.
i^^ IkahftU or hhahfah, An emperor,
king, prince, soyereign, monarch : a lieutenant,
deputy ; a soceesaor. This was the title giyen
to the Mahometan soyereigns or successors
of the prophet ; to which was annexed, the
Bfigt tbsoliite aathority both in religious and
qtH goyemment It was first adopted by
ilmhekre (Mahomet's immediate successor)
v^ would accept of no other title than
^1 J^ ^Jjv, (the vicegerent of
^ ^K)6tle of God) which, together
^th ^j^y!l\j^\ (commander of the
^HtliAilT, assumed by the succeeding Khalif
Our, became the principal titles of all the
Wkwing princes during a period of 636 years,
^ from 622, the commencement of the tiejra,
tiU tbe taking of Bagdad, and the final period
of tbor empire in the year 1258. ^IS'
JUk^i jbj^K There was in the
time of the Khaleefeh, the Prince of the
Faithful, Haroon Enrashid, in the city of
Bagdad, a man called Esaindibad the Porter.
J^Jifiw hhaMf "Worthy, fit, proper.
dJLJg^ hhalikai, Nature, disposition. A
creature. [friend.
JJtfs. hhalil^ A sincere and intimate
j\as>. khimdr, A woman's veil or head-
dress. Khamfiwry A wine-merchant.
jUf^ khumdr, The headache, or nervous
feeling caused by a debauch.
^-oUs^ khumdsi, A word of five letters,
a thing of fiye spans, anything belonging to,
or consiBting of fiye.
khamr, and J -4^ khamrat, Wine.
^j**Aj>^ khavM (fem.). Five. KhumB^
The fifth part.
«L*Agw khatMot (masc). Five.
^ymAs^ khamsUn (^j.^.*w.4>-.^), Fifty.
^j^ Ja«^ iJaS ^yuA^^, I pos-
sessed fifty trading yessels on the sea, and fifty
other ships for pleasure excursions, and
one hundred and nfty pieces ready for war.
^^^**u^l»x^, Pentecost. ^j-^^^-^^j
hKamBin^ The fifty days nrecedin^ the jemal
equinox ; (in Egypt) a sultry noxious wind.
^^yAs^ kkumud, Abating, going out (the
fiame or fire). Being assuaged, abated (the
heat of a feyer, etc.)* [low estate.
J^.4^ khumul, Obscurity, neglectedness,
khamlr (or J,--4r>-), Leaven, or
anything put into a mass or paste to ferment it.
Dough. Any ^astic material (of which any
ware is made).
f*i^4J^ khamU, A fifth. ^ig»»y^l z^^.
The fifth day, Thursday.
khunsa\ An hermaphrodite.
^l:^ khundsa*. Hermaphrodites.
J jl:^ khanddtk, Ditches round forts, etc.
(jMilI^ khannds, The devil, a demon.
^^UfS^ khandJU, Beetles, May-bugs.
(142) L^
jILl ihunndkf That place of the throat
where the^ iiraidlY ■trasgle. The qviiuej, or
inflammation of the throat
^l:i£L khundkijftU, A disease affecting
the throats of birds and horses.
:L khanjar, A dagger, poniard.
cS^ khandak, A ditoh round fortified
towns, gardens, fields, etc.
jjj^ hhtmlr, A boar, a hog. m^:^
ji:^, Hog's lard, j^^^. Hoggish.
khutuur. The little (or middle)
finger. [beetle.
^^M£>- khunfiu {^mMS^ or L>.fl;S> ), A
^JH>^ khank, Strangling, soffoeation.
^L:^ khunna$, A sound through the nose.
Speaking throngh the nose.
j;g.;fC khanik, Strangled.
_;^^ khaw&hlf Jars (for wine, etc.).
a7\^ khaufdtm (pi. of |Jls^), Seal-
rings, rings.
^tjsL kh'ajah, A man of distinction,
a rich merchant, a doctor, a lord or master.
0pj^f>- khaw&rij^ Heretics, schismatics.
Strangers. Bebels.
Ajil^ KhMdraam or KK&ratmj
Siorasmia, the ancient Chorasmn, lying along
the banks of the great riTcr Oxns or Gihon,
and eztendinr to the Oaspian Sea ; part of it
belonging to Iran (Persia), and part to Tvan
. (Parlhia).
^1^ khawdsi, Properties, qualities,
Tirtaes. Grandees, ministers of state, royal
favourites or domestics, (^fy U^^y^f
Noble and ignoble, the whole people.
^1^ khawdiir (pi. of ^U- khaiir),
Hearts, minds, etc.
(ji^y^ khawdjik^ The four cardinal
points of the winds, north, east, south, and west.
iS^y>- khawdji, Secrets, hidden things.
^j^\^ khatodkin, Emperors, kings.
^^y>- khawwdn^ A deceiver, a traitor.
Jjl^ khawdnik (pi. of jllri^). The
qninsey, or inflammation of the throat.
iy>^ khuwat or khuweh (brotherhood).
This is the name of the tribate claimed from
time immemorial by the Bedouins, in return
for their protection, or rather forbearance, in
not ioiidiinff the harrest, or driving off flu
cattle. Each Tillage used to pay khmotkUi
one Sheikh in every tribe, who tlienusedto
acknowledge it as his iiArAl, or ''sister,'' sad
was bouna to protect the inhabitants agaimt
all the memben of hia own tribe; but now,
in those tracts of covntrf which axe in the
reach of the Ottoman troops^ na tribute ii psid.
^ys^ khanjokhf Oreengages*
h>^^ khawkhat, A windoiF, a skylight,
a little window or wicket in a great gate, is
open space between two hoosea.
J^ khudp A helmet. [paiiih.
i^jf>' kh^ri, A parson^ a rector of a
4jj^ khawnakatf Impaling a man.
khawd, Entering or passing a river.
khawff Fear, dread, tenor. II
(I/U J\ ^jsll ^ «^U.f mndaiJidf
min aWmajjoh Ua AiPiai, I am afraid to go
there. ^U \yUrX JlS ^ i^iUrlT
Verily we fear him. Fear ye not, said he;
for he is withheld from injuring yo« and othof
by the state in which he is.
ll^ khaufimf Fearing, il^ l:uo j3j
^^ ij-»- ^ v^f I passed the
night sleepless, fearing that, if I alept, the Mxi
would fly away with me when I waa not awixc.
i^y>- hhdy (s. Persian, used in Arabic),
Manner, custom, mode, humour, habit, dispo-
sition, temper.
jUfl>- khiydr, Cucumbers.
ifj\^ khiydrm^ A cucumber. j^zJUj^
khif/ar ahambar^ Cassia.
WCii. kh»yyai (j^L^), A tailor.
JLl^LfiL khtydtai, Sewing.
JLi>« khaifdl, A phantom, ghost, spectre,
vision, delusion. Imagination, fancy.
jLlj JU»^ , A foolish imagination*
Jus>« hhtt^dl, A horseman.
c::j)Lfi;. khaydldt and kkiydldt. Phan-
toms, or imaginations
ill^ khiydlat, Cavalry. ^JuJ\ il\^
\jyAJ^\ khiydlat dl ^adu tktahamUnd,
The enemy's caTalry atta^ed ui.
Jji.
(143)
•tj
^Lri. libydA, Imaginaij, fimtasticaL
aLsL JU«^dm, TenfBy pavilions. ^^^;j
\fL U. ^^ Lei ^>ip^j **s^ . And
thcT pitched iihe tents upon the shore, and hmlt
for Mr a great Teasel, in which they embarked
her aadhff hooaehold.
ijL^ ikiydnat. Perfidy, treason, dis-
1071%. [neai.
Cm>. UofhU, Disappointment, hopeless-
j^ £byr, Good. A good work, j^
Ifkrf^tj^l, In ilie mediam is yirtue.
j^J^i^^ jLfii)H dl iktUadfi
Mihykheir, Moderation in everything ia beat.
<diJ Sj^ fij^t The best among
yoQ is he who is best to his family.
jJ\i v^ c> ^, U-^^ji^' The
bat of men ia he who rejoioea in the good of
others. ji^\ f-s^a^ UJ^^i, Good is
in that which God does, j^ fJsL\
JJU, Truth is the best that can ever
be said. j>^m4^ iif^jn^ f^^ i^^j
aUI, The counsel of an old man is
better tiian the presence of a yonng one.
^ji=>- khayrdt. Good things, sacred
intitotioni, eharitable fbnndationa. Good
vorki, chanties.
Sj^ l^jfrai, A good thing, anything
«zqniate of whateyer spedea. The best of
men. Whaterer pleaaea a woman. The fayour
or blessing of God. iSi\ i^ ^lc,
Vith the bleaaing of God. -
Jjj*^ Ikayzurdn, Indian cane.
And after bsTing navigated for the ipaoe of a
whole month, we came to^ land, and we dis-
embarked eome horses which we had with as
in the ships.
* •
Ikayth, Coarse linen doth of an
^Jpen teitnre.
^ Ihmft, A thread.
Jxu^ iku&n, pL of La^.
J^ Uay/, Imagination, fancy, idea,
w^idon, horses. ^ l3 -jt« Juu ^^j^
^ hhaymat, A tent, tabernacle, pa-
vilion. The tent the Bedonin calls his house
{he%(). The ooverine {tahr-d'h^it) conasts of
pieces of stniT made of black goats* hair,
stitched together acoordinff to the depth of
the tent. Some tents are of eoats' hair staff,
white and black. It effeotaailv keeps off the
heaviest rain. It is sapportea by nine poles
or posts {amoud or colamn); uiree in the
midole, and an equal nambor on each side :
these several poles have distinct names. The
middle ones are seven feet high ; the side ones
only five, which obliges the person who enters
to stoop a little. The tent is open before, and
closed on the sides and back part, to keep out
the wind. It is divided into two parts — ^the
men's apartment (makad rabiaa), and the
women's {muharern)^ separated by a white
woollen carpet, drawn across the tent, and
fastened to the three middle posts. In the
men's apartment a carpet is sometimes laid on
the ground. They recline upon the camel
peck-saddles, the wheat sacks and camel bags
oeing piled up round the middle post. The
women B apartment is the reoeptacle for the
cooking utensils, the batter ana water skins,
the provisions, and all the lumber of the tent.
f^y^ khuynl, Horses. In riding, the
Bedouin has not the graceftil seat of the
townspeople, but it is more secure. They are,
indeed, perfect Centaors. Their horses are
mostly small, seldom exceeding fourteen hands.
They generally ride their mares, as they
possess advantages over the horse in speed
and good temper. The latter they sell to the
townspeople, or to the feUahs, They object
to them because thej neigh, which in an
expedition by night might betray them. They
are first mounted after the second year, from
which time the saddle is seldom taken off their
backs. They are kept in the open air daring
the whole year, never entering the tent, not even
in the rainy season. In summer they stand
exposed to the mid-day sun : in winter a sack-
cloth or felt is thrown over the saddle. Like
her master, with very little attention to her
health, the mare is seldom ill. Burning is the
general remedy; and as this is done with a
hot iron, it has given rise to the erroneous
notion that the Arabs mark their horses.
J ddl, The eighth letter of the Arabic
alphabet, denoting four in arithmetic, and the
fourth day in the week, or Wednesday ; also
the planet Mercury in the Ephemerides, and
the sign Leo in the Zodiac.
*\j dot, A disease, infirmity. J^t 'Ijr
.b
(144)
rb
The elephant's disease, t. e. the leprosy.
t_lf^H Mj, The fox's disease, t.^.
the scald, loss of hair.
*1 J daah, Cnstom, manner, mode, in-
stitation. Condition, state, situation. Thrust-
ing violently forward, v J3 c-i^^J,
Ancient custom.
Z\j ddbhat, Beasts, animals, reptiles.
^joJi\ i)\j daUat^-Uard (The beast
of the earth), thebeast of the Apocalypse, which
is to appear in power in the latter days.
,^b dajl (or ijP-b), Dark (night).
** An obscure, humble life.
Jf^-l J dakhUi Entering, penetrating, ar-
riving. (Part.) One who enters. The in-
teriorpart. i^UJl J^b ^ cu^l J
\^-] iJ^> Then I looked within the
cave, and beheld a huge serpent at the upper
end of it sleeping over its ^gs. J^lj
^mJI, In the secret, a confidant.
l£^b<^£M(fem.aJ^b<^di^t7iVy(iA),
Belating to the interior. dJi^Lb j^^t,
Domestic affairs, home affidrs. J^U
^l1£>«1 jJ^ , A home minister. Secretary
for the Home Department
j\j dar, A house, dwelliog, mansion,
habitation. cl^LJl^b, The royal re-
sidence. ^«^^^jb. The dwelling of
perdition (likewise hell), ^oj^^jb,
The yalley of tears, or the house of sorrow.
UJl jb. Life eternal; synonymous to
which aroj^t^b. The permanent
house. C;J^\^\ J, Anenemy'scountry.
iiiuidlljb, The banqueting-house.
liiJ^ jb. An hospital, infirmary, ^b
LiiSly The judgment-seat, the tribunal
of justice. JuLLUfjb (^Ls^ljb),
The royal residence, the metropolis.
liuJjcl:.!^ 2rJ^^ ^ c-jU \jb\j Uli
^^' ^^ t>-jf^ ^12*^1 j^jUl, And
when he saw her he became nnoonsdous of
his eiistenoe, and the fire was kindled in hu
vitals, and he returned to his house.
tj\ J dard, A proper name. Darius ; the
Darii, kings of Penia. [life.
^ .b ddraynj The present and fatnre
-cb rfa^i. One who invites or stimu-
lates others to anything. An author, a cause.
JLcb da^iyat. Necessity, fsitality, cause.
Puipose, resolution.
^b ddgh, A mark. A scar, spot.
^b ddfi^{j^2iTi. fem. ^b), Bepulsing,
driving back, averting, prohibiting, removing.
dftj\j fy , The repelling power.
^Lxib dafi^iyahy The repulsing power,
the repelling power.
^1 J ddliyat, A vine. A thing made of
palm-leaves tied on the tops of tbe palm-
oranches.
Lib ddliyah, Guidance. JLlbclClir J
A4>Mr li ^aktyha ddliya ^osf moA, I
haye the right to be guided by you.
a! J ddma (in prayer). May it endure for
CTer. iLai ^b, May his rirtues be
perpetuaL sje- ^b. May his glory be
eternal (and in the feminine). v:u>w«b
^U^, May his excellency live for ever,
^b ddma, The game of draughts.
JL^b ddmiyat, A contusion or wound on
the head which does not bleed.
JUb Ddnydl, DanieL
J^b Ddtoud, David.
(jlJ^b ddhish, Astonishing.
Jbb ddhl, Ingenious, penetrating. Sly,
cunning, shrewd. [A calamity.
<UJ^b ddhiyai, An accident, misfortune.
1^1 J die, Malady. <-jk*^^ vi->«iP'\ )lj»
ll^Jb JJU-, Vi-ll*f. dXj^JCJi^
f^^\tXe\j^\ _^, Shouldest thou not
have proceeded in the path of virtue and ac-
celerated the cure of thy malady, and blunted
the edge of thy iniquity, and restrained thi*
propensity of thy soul, which is thy worst
enemy P
U.J
J^d iSjfr, Beyol^g, tanung round,
fonning a obtle. Gircamlereiioe, periphery,
oompafli^ circuit, orbit Bound.
jbU yi J id*iran'md'ddr, ad. All round,
iH the parti lorTDiiodiiig.
J^ J idfrat or idynA, A drde, oireum-
feiwn, ORdt, igtbiL A fttel period, bad
VljJI iy^f And ^ did not stop until
laniTodttit; and lo, it was a large white
toe, of great height, and large drcumferenee.
«? J idpi, Permanent, perpetual, eter-
oal, perennial. Alwaysi continual. Jtj
l*t^ll, Peipetnal, always. USlj, Con-
tfflDafly, eternally, for erer.
AjJ J idjfokf A nurse, a midwife.
V*-^ iflM, Creeping, crawling (as a scr-
peol], adTBodng, stealing npon. i>y^3, a bear.
TheooDstellation of thebear. j^i\ Oj,
The greater bear. JutH] cliO, The
lesser bear. cL^J J\ clJti ^, From
Tooth to old age. *
tr^lj J dubhdhU (pL of dabhus), Pins.
jjj ioidr. Destruction.
• I*
^o dakhdgkf A tanner, a currier.
^V^rfOd^Atfl, The art of tanning. DaJ-
^ *VA«, A tannery, tan-yard.
ItM dthdaka. The noise of a drum ;
*^ of a horse's shoes npon stones.
J^' A*', The backside.
J/^dahardn (or ^^)/3>J^ ad daharan),
^^nnoik of the moon^ •'.#. The hyades, or
^ «sn in Tavrns, particolarly the brightest,
^«nnlj odled Aldebann, or the fiaU^s Eye.
t?J ^K Tanning (a hide). Dibgh,
%^ with whieh hides axe tanned.
J^ J Mi, Viscous fruit BirdUme.
^ J iMd, A calamity, adversity. An
iapvthvae.
U**^,^ UHt, A club or mace with an
»» J»a, airf by caTahy. A pin.
*U- JiJj^y, Fowls, bens. Dafdjat, Ahen.
(145) ^d
^«5>>l>-i3 Jyil Mtffoitf (%'4;% Extremely
black, pitchy, dark.
Jl^J dajlfdl, Antichrist.
aJL£»-«> <^7aA, The river Tigris. JliJ
^j^ Jixi ilicL:,, Vilt thou, said
the Khaleefeh, return with ns to the riTer, and
station thyself on the bank of the Tigris, and
cast thy net for my Inck P
^J>'^^ dufn, Darkness.
d^up^J dijnat, Darkness. A black cloud
overspreading the heayens and pregnant with
rain. (A day or night) obscured by clouds.
Jhifnaij (Camels, etc.) of an ugly black colour.
.\^Jdukhdn, Smoke, Tobacco, lai^-li
ji:Jjii*^[^\^^\j*^^
LlJJ\Ii^J^J\JKL^\sS^^\,^^a^^J
Attend then to my charge, and eschew dis-
obedience to me; adopt my example, and
ponder well my prorerbs ; for if thou take my
counsel as thy counsellor, and the light that I
give thee as the morning light, thy storehouse
will be full and thy hospitable smoke will arise.
Jf^ J dakhl, Intervention, meddling, in-
fluence, interposition. [lytes.
)U^ J dukhaki, Intimate friends. Prose-
^«p- J dalhn, The grain millet.
J^J dukhul, Entering, commencing.
The consummation of marriage, the positive
act of sexual intercourse. Entrance, access.
^ jUJ\^ Jl^Sl C^ ^ JUJ\ He
thereupon gave orders for the entry of the
troops, who accordingly entered; and they
loaded the camels with part of those riches and
minerals. I^Llj^I:c^jl«^\ J^j^^^
<uIc^aLLs JU)\, Whoso arriveth to
our city, and entereth it (God facilitating his
entrance into it), let him take as much of the
wealth as he can.
J«£». J dakhll, A proselyte.
10
TV'
(146)
*;•»
J J durr, A pearL Pearls. See jlj).
e^J^b^ (^ara^oifiiii, A fence, a parapet
of paling or lattice work.
^\jJ durrd^, An upper garment for
men or women, of cotton or other rtoif. A
8oldier*B cloak, a cniraas, a corslet.
^;Sl^J dardktn, A peach.
^tj J dir&him, Dirhems, ooinB, money.
dj}jj dw&yat^ Intelligence, tact, judg-
ment, ^jt^^ Ja^, Judgment and tact.
^jJ darl, Way. Jj J^l i-^J darh-al-
hadtd, A railway. At the first landing of the
representatiTes of the company at Alexandretta,
workmen will flock and rush from e^ery part
of the world, to come and ask employment in
Darh-el-Hind — ^the road of India. The people
of the East are in eeneral good, soher, actiTO,
hardworking, and do not drink spirits ; they
are affectionate and submissiye. With the aid
of such men, directed by EngUsh masters and
engineers, the Synf-Mesopotamian Bulway in
a few years will become a reality. The marshes
which affect the air of Alexandretta will be
easily removed and conyerted into magnificent
docks, like those of liyerpool, and Alexandretta
will become an immense town, and its beauti-
ful bay will be surrounded by rich yillages,
splendid palaces, and it will haye the ap-
pearance of the nayal and military seaport
of Ferrol in Spain, to which it bears so much
resemblance. The immense ranges of the
Amanus mountains, which the spectator can
see from Aleppo at the distance of four days'
riding, the b^utifiil plains of Antioch and
Dana, Jabal Samaan, or Mount Saint Simon,
the whole of that countnr, which is so fertile
and well watered, will be like an immense
garden coyered with trees and beautiful towns,
surpassing in magnificence the most picturesque
and the richest countries in the world. The
immense plains which extend from Aleppo to
Bagdad, intersected by the Euphrates and the
Tigris, will become an uninterrupted continua-
tion of magnificent fields, ricn farms and
sumptuous palaces, and become, as it was for-
merly, an earthly paradise. The Euphrates
and the Tigris will become like the Toames,
coyered with hundreds of small steamboats,
plying from one locality to the other. If the
ancient inhabitants of Nineyeh, Babylon,
Palmyra, and Antioch, who had not the im-
mense means afforded by the power of Steam,
conyerted Syria and Mesopotamia into such a
flourishing empire, what could not a great
colonizing public company do, supported by
Great Britain and the Goyemment of His
Imperial Majesty the Sultan, — a company
composed of all the nations of the globe,
haying at their disposal the neoesniry funds
and tiie power of Steam-^that great inyention,
which doei honour to mankind in general,
and to our time in particular? — Extract froa
*' The Syro-Mesopotamian Railway."
Jcjjj darhandf A narrow and difilcult
pass through mountaini. A dangerous road
on account of bandittL
ijj durrat, A large pearl. -.\sl\ i,t«),
The largest pearl in a royal erown.^
^j J darf, Placing anything in a casket
Introducing any word or phrase in a written
paper, inserting.
iJL>\>'ji} darajdt, Steps, ladders, staiiB.
^jJ darafah, A step of a staircase or
ladder. A degree. A degree in rank. An
astronomical or geographical degree.
tijJ dard, Grief, afiiiction, torment
jjj durar (pl.of^Je^tirr), Predoos pearls.
fjsJj \^\yc cu^ ^\ ^)\ 4^U
thou not obserye, that when the wind blovi
with great yiolenoe, it breaketh but the greatest
trees r and dost thou not notice that oorpMf
float upon the sea, while the precioiia pearli
remain in its farthest depths ?
jji} darz, The sewing, hem, or selvage (of
a garment).
v^j J durzl, Druze.
^^t^ dors, Beading, a lecture, a lesson.
Instruction. [leather, or mail
6jJ ddr^, Annonr, whether of iron,
ci^l^J darak&tf Steps for descending.
The lowest degrees. The deepest pita of hell.
i^jti darakatf A descending step. The
lowest degree.
J^^ J diurHin, The Dmzes, a powerfiil and
intelligent people, who inhabit the aonthen
part of Mount Lebanon, and the Haonian, a
country lyinff to the south-east of Di
The Druses bear a striking reaembbuioe to the
Maronites in their mode of life, form of goyem-
ment, language, and customs ; religion consti-
tutes the principal difference between then.
See Sil. de Sacy, ** £xpoe6 de la Reli^on des
Brazes." See also ''Journal AsiaUqne di
Paris," yol. zx.. General Alphabetical Index
of the Writers, under the paragraph Catafingo.
^^jj J darufiBh^ Poor, indigent. A der-
yise, a religious, a monk.
A^j J darham, A silver coin. A drachm,
' or drachma, of which 400 make one okka, anii
about 140 a pound ayoirdupoia.
(147)
OJJ
Jjjd imydk (Greek), Treacle.
ijjjd itoM (Italian), A dozen.
jf^ dtutOr, Leave, permiedon, licence,
difmudon, oonff6. Tha prime minister, a yizir,
scnitor, ooimsdlor of ptete. A model, an ez-
emplir, a nile, bins, foundation, a canon, the
ori^al of a book, a record, a formula, or any
vniiog ofandunity to wfaich people have re-
com. Gtttom, mode, manner. Conititation,
pririlege. A ewtonurj fee, tax, or percentage.
/•J^jjfmtJ, An illnBtrious counsellor.
J^\jf^, A model, rule, regpilation.
^•4^4>^Mi^flMfi, An enem7,foe,adver8ar7.
^J<^^ (imp.), Let. i^^j\^^Jdu^l
o^f Let me go. ^^^^ ^ \j ^ JUi
Liih IfJuu^ uliU^ J\ ifry ^^
ijif^ JSUl 4IX) 9 He therefore said
to him: 0 king, let ns retom to thj mother,
and aeqaaint her with the case, and I will ask
ba to permit me to take thee with me, and de«
iDud the Qneen Joharah in marriage for thee.
U J iu^. An invocation, prayer, saluta-
tioQ, oongratolation. Inritation, convocation,
ordenagoneto come or bring. An imprecation.
^Uj dHdmai, A pillar, a column, a
pn^p. Toe {Hilar (•*.«. the prince or minister]
of a nation, the support or chief of a family.
Tke two dieck-pisoes of a pulley which snp-
IMrt the axle.
viilfJ <£i^clvf , Claims, causes, lawsuits.
^^Ujklt^U nazirul da^wl, The min-
uter of jnsiioe.
^J da-^if Trampling under foot.
w\2ji2a^ib, Bubbing, smoothing (cloth).
if^ d^^wat, (pi. Cj\yiJ), A prayer,
^aedietion. An invocation, convocation. An
3**«nMy, a convivial meeting.
^4f"i ia-ABl and 1^ J da^d, A lawsuit.
^^^itamoik, ambition. Claim, demand.
oArj iagkdaffhat, Titillation, causing
oet to kngh by tickling.
^0 iagUy Vice, depraWty, corruption.
A ffifcrt, a fliicket, a wood, a grove. Luxu-
ru&t eotaagkd herbage.
«*->»3 ^/, A single drum, a cymbal, a
tMjW de baique. It is of Arabian origin,
and utn>diieed by the Saracens into Spain.
^J <isf (pL fc-JyJ), A drum.
*li J dafaa. Wanning, cherishing, putting
on a warm garment.
J}\iJ dafdtir, Books, registers.
uJb J daffttf, Drummers, players on the
mm
drum called i^^J.
JlJ J daffat, Either side of anything, lii J
c.-?\::j31. The two boards of a book, or
anything similar, between which a volume is
oontainra ; the two skins of a drum ; the two
sides or flaps of a saddle.
^ J dafiar (pl.^U J), A book, a register,
journal, roll, list, catalogue, inventory, account-
Dook, an index.
•^J^J daftarddr, The high treasurer,
the intendant of the finances.
^fc> daf^ Bepulsion, driving away,
putting at a distance, to give, to pay.
djjff dJiJ J*D- ^ ^ V--.-*^J (Jj
•• m «» M
jjj\f <iui \j\ U«/>ri ^ At jLul
And arise, and procure for me a rope, and tie
one end of it to a tree, and let down to me its
other end, that I may lay hold of it ; perhaps
I may so escape from my present state : and I
will give thee all the treasure that I possess.
ho J daf^ (pi. (Ji;Ui J), One time, once
a moment, an instant, i^^^ ItiiJ,
All at once, at one stroke ; for this time.
j;i J dafk, Flowing, pouring out water.
^J3J dafn, Interring, burying.
Axi J dafnah, A laurel tree. The nymph
Daphne, who was turned into the laurus or
bay-tree. The Grove of Daphne was planted
by Seleucus, the Syrian monarch, for the em-
bellishment of his capital, but subsequently
it proved fatal to the JEU>man veterans. See
^LxJ J dqflne, Buried treasure.
jj dakk, Beating, bruising, braying,
grinding, diminishing. c-^Ul JJ, To
knock at the gate.
J;jU J ddkayiky Subtilties, small things.
Miuutes, moments.
<LiJ dikkat, Diligence, punctuality, ac-
curacy, care. A subtile or minute thing.
^ Jj J dakdakah, Sound of horses' feet.
J-
(148)
i^jUiJ DakydniUf Decios, a proper
name. [Anything small. Fk>nr.
^jJjtMslk (fern. IjuS*^), SubtilOi minute.
Cj^ dakh, Loading a gnn.
^Jid dukdn (pi. ^j;-^*3)i A shop, a
work-abop.
^^ec^l^ J dukdnft, k shop-keeper, a trader.
JH J daldl, TendemefiSy great care, mag-
nificence. JUjJIjjJl ^ Uy Uf)t J
JUJ^j ^i;****^^ h^3 9 ^®y ^6^® 6^^*"
cated witii great care, ma^pfioence, and ten-
derness, and instructed in polite arts and
accomplishments. They learned caligraphy
and general science, and the art of adminis-
tration, and horsemanship, until Hiej attained
the utmost perfection, and becamedistinguished
by consummate beauty and loTeliness.
JUj dalldl, A public crier, a herald. An
auctioneer, a broker, a seller of horses, mules.
J.^1, And the broker uncovered her
fkce, wheretq>on the place was illuminated by
her beauty ; and there hune down seTen locu
of hair, reaching to her anklets, like the tails
of horses.
iSii^ daldlatf A direction, guide, sign,
mark, indication, signification, demonstration,
argument. Dilalat, Brokerage, the auctioneer's
allowance. ^1 J, A female guide, abawd.
JIjUj daldyl, Arguments, demonstrations.
ij^ JjSj i^jj f/nrid dalall kawiyah^
He uses yery strong arguments.
c^ J duUh^ A plane-tree.
^^ J dalfln, The dolphin.
jS J dalwy dalaw, A bucket, an urn. The
sign Aquarius.
JJj daklj A guide, a director. An
argument, proof, demonstration, a syllogism.
Direction, indication. ^Jlc JJjJt Jjb
4^yi hal addahl ^ahih iawi. Is the
'proof of it strong?
A J damm (pi. U J dtmd), Blood.
^U J dmaff Perdition, deetmctioD.
6 Uj dimdffhf The brain. The upp«
jaw, the soft part between the jawa.
jHbL« J JDnnmkky Damascus. This citi
was the general resideBoe of the khalifii c
the boose of Ommiah. The §[reat moaqu
was magmficent beyond desoriptuni, the wall
being of the finest marble, tne roof of tii
and the uudde profusely decorated with gold
dWer, and gems. Jjurinf the conyukioi]
which in the end ruined uie empire of tii
khaUfs, it had many changes of masters, ani
was at lastdeatroyedby TamerUne, ad. 140(
The gardens, or rather the inclosed plants
tions, which encompass the town on eyery sidi
and extend for seyeral miles into the plaii
form a rich lone of yc^ure not to be seen i
any otiier part of the world. In the bloesomiiij
season they are yery attraetiya, this eoantr
being justly celebrated for the yariety, abond
anoe, and ezodlenoe of its fruits.
wf J and ij(^ J daim^at (pi. 9y*^^t ^
tear. Damt'^a^, Prone to we^ (a woman).
4^ J dunUuff A bracelet worn aboTe th*
elbow; a shackle; also an amulet fiutene
round that part as a charm against fincinatioi
c yt J <foma^,Tear8. ^li^yul ^^U1 1^^ \
Ujjl J>:*'^» Weep, 0 men, for i
you do not weep, you will yie with each oth<
in weeping ; for those in hell weep in the fire, t
that tiieir tears fall like grain on their ch^ek
till the tears stop and blood pours iTiateftd.
i^y*i datnafffl, Of a sanguine tempers
ment.
tL« J Dimydt, Damiata in Egypt.
if'Uj^na0^,Ba8enBSs,worthle88ne8s. B*
ing bad, mean, base, abject, careless of censui
UjJ dandsat, Filth. Impurity. LeJ
soeyer thou doest I will requite thee for it, a
thou wilt be rewarded for it; for thoa i
experienced in the management of affairs, a
yery deyer in intrigue, and eyerything that
cult becometh easy to thee.
3 J dandh (pi. mU j1), a taU.
ly
( 14& ) Jj J
^0 damif Dirty. Impure.
^J daitaif Impurity.
yJ (ItfitA, Approaching, ac66ding. Fro-
puKjnitj. The lowest d^ree of basenett.
^Jioi^, A worthless scoundrel. Yicious,
coatemptiUe, illiberal, abject, weak, wretched,
dnboiot, caieles of repatatioiL Plebeiaii| of
ameunsL
LJ J itB^d, The world, ul^li^ ss^
•^^ 'jr«* L^* Jy^j W '^^^^ ^:r^»
Sudi m the charaeterutioB of the world:
confide not, tboefore, in it, nor incline to it ;
for it will betray bim who dependeth upon it|
tsd who, in hiB affairs, relieth upon it.
^^j dwtyawi, Worldly, pertaining to
thif worldi temponL
\j isvd, A medicine, a remedy. T^jJl
Tj ^yo Le \j^, addawd katiran md
yMn da. Very frequently medicine is sick-
0698 itself. i*le^\ \jJ dawd al ham
MOM, lit The medicine of the bath, a kind
of pMts eompoeed of aiaeiiic and qi^-lime
for taking off hairs.
vV ^^^*^h Cattle, heaets. vr-*\ vVr i
j^\ s^t^ yj^ ^\j ^\j\ \J^^^ ^\
JQiA\ M^ae. (jM^^y I imagined that
it was a wild beast, or one of the beasts of the
Ka; and I walked towards it, ceasing not to
pit at it ; and lo, it was a nare of saperb
>ppesnnee.
V^^ danffdh^ Name of a province in
Hodostaa, from its sitoation between two
riTen, the Omi^a and the Tamyina (the Ganges
tad Juina). [Inkstand.
Tyi dawdi (pi. d^UI^ J), An ink-holder.
j'O dlswvdr. That which turns round,
i^Q^etes, rcTolfss eontinaaUy.
" I*
^/j^ dmcwdrai. Anything round and
nuaonble. A eirenlar tumnltu of sand. A
ax^ [versatile. Variable.
«J;V 'i^'vwdrf. Periodical, circular.
^^y fapdAl (pL of f^b). Calamities.
V^ ♦ ^j\^ ^^-f-. ^y U-Jj
^n^^^]^^^Jt^^^ U W;5ll
We have become distracted in mind, perplexed,
seeking to draw near, without means of doing
so. liie calamities of lore increase upon os,
and the lightest endurance of love is very
heavy tons.
u^^jJ dawdKb (pi. of <-^X^J), Wheels.
f\^J dawdm, Perpetuity, duration, per-
severing. (•1^'ji^ iJ^> Continually,
aasiduously. ^
£«ljj duiodmai, A hoy's top.
C^blj J dawdydt (pi. of i^^ J)> Inkstands.
^|^JiJafi^dyr(pl.of2ylJ<toyiraA), Circles.
^^j J dawhat, A garden.
ifj^J Jo^^ (pi. JjJ i^tti), A worm.
jj^\jyd dadid harir, The silkworm.
jj J ({<9frr, A circle, circuit, an orb, an
orbit, jj J dmor, Turn, i^^j J i«fwl,
My turn, j^ jJ\ ^H c^\ ^^^ Jj^\ b^
^^JfJ J ofid Kfii an al^ab Uan addawr
dawrlf I am willing to play, because it is my
turn.
^tji^ J dawardn, A reyolution, period, a
circle, cycle. Time, an age. Fortune, vids-
sitnde.
iS^O dawhat^ A brawl, a quarrel, a moh.
u^^j J ddldhf A wheel. A machine in
the walls of monasteries, hospitals, lazarettos,
etc., into which people on the outside put
victuals and other necessaries, and then, turn-
ing it upon its axis, leave them to be carried
off by tnose within.
^^ J dawlatf Fortune, prosperity, happi-
ness, felicity, wealth. Empire, monarchy,
dominion, power, y^^j CJ^\ ^f *)
'\j^'i\J\^ ll^J^\ mVjIj ^ (.ji siU 4
m
And <m the following day the king mounted,
together with the loras ii the empire and all
the princes \ and all the soldiers walked with
him through the city a&d returned.
iLj\A^\ XJjil\ £]^J dawM id^Uyah al-
tumdniyah, The Ottoman Government, the
Government of his Imperial Majesty the Sul-
tan. It is generally thought that had Sultan
Mahmud concluded an arrangement with Great
Britain for the organiaation of a public navi-
gition company on the Euphrates when
enenl Chemcy— that distinguishedofficer snd
Uo
(150)
enterprising trayeller — was engi^;ed in the
Enpbrates expedition, Ibrahim Pasha would
not have darea to occnpy all Syria and a great
part of Asia Minor, and defy and defeat the
Bultan's armies during ten years, np to the
proclamation of Snltan Abanlmejid. It is
true that at that time there ezistea difficulties
of no common kind, but tiiey were rather of a
moral than a physicAl nature, and arose prin-
cipally from a systematic opposition to all
attempts at improvement on ue part of the
barbarous hordes that enoompassea tiie theatre
of the investigations of the EngliA enedition ;
and therefore it was then suspected that Uttie
more would be derived from General Chesney's
arduous undertaking than the resolving oi a
few geographical and astronomical desiderata,
notwithstanding his superior intelligence, in-
defatigable perseverance, and undaunted cou-
rage. If, however, Sultan Mahmud had
understood the immense results and the great
advantages of such an arrangement for tiie
Ottoman Empire, he would have done every-
thing in his power to overcome those local and
moru difficulties, as he had overcome otiber
difficulties which were far more serious. If
Sultan Abdulmejid, immediately after the
evacuation of Syria by the Egyptian army,
had concluded a convention with Great Britain
for the organization of a public railway com-
pany to India, through the Euphrates valley,
many disagreeable events which took place
under his reign would not have taken place at
all. Now let the ministers of His mperial
Majesty the Sultan avail themselves of tiie
lesson of the past for the fiiture, and hasten
the realization ef this immense project, which
is of the greatest importance for the Ottoman
Empire. As the Ottoman Empire has under-
gone a truly happy revolution under tiie
auspices of His Imperial Majesty the reigning
Sultan Abdulaziz, it is to be hoped that this
project will be inaugurated and achieved under
the same glorious rei^ otherwise a great part
of Sjria will be rumed on account of the
opening of the Suez Canal, whidi is so fiital
to that part of the Ottoman Empire. — ^Extract
from ^ The Syro-Mesopotamian Railway.*'
JoljJ dawlatln, Fortunate, happy, pro-
sperous, powerful, rich. A prince, a lord, a
gentieman. Most illustrious or excellent.
^^J dan, Base, mean, inferior^ ignoble,
j^ J ^ min dun, Without. ^^ J ^^
i^j^\ min dUn amrl, Without my order.
C^j\>^\ ^^J ^ min dan qfdtatak,
Without your permission. ^jO^j^
l^\ SjjM^mindUnma^rifatahlh, With-
out the knowledge of his father. •
jJUj daKatin (pi. of jJjbJ), Passages,
vestibules.
^U J dahhan, One who anoints with oil.
jibt}dahr, Time, a year, an age, a thousand
years, eternity. Fortune, &te. Adverse fortune.
danger. j}j*^\ ^J^'H ^'ij*^j^'^^
j^sf^\ u:-^, The world like a wheel
rolls roundfWherein pleasure with pain revohefi
Now the youth soars above the aeavens, sd<!
now behold him low under the stones.
\jibJ dahran, Perpetually.
4,^ J dahri, Secular, temporal, worldly
DuhrJf Aged, very old.
^JuJbJ dahash, Striking with astoniflh*
ment or consternation.
^JjJbJ dashatf dishat, Amazement, wonder
Fear, apprehension. Being abashed, disconi
certed, oonfosed.
jJj^J dahllz, A yestibule, a passage
place between two gates, or between the oote
gate and the house. ^J^ IPir! (^
i^\jj *\j^i\, And they ceased not t
proceed until they arrived at the vestibule c
the palace; and he was riding. Then fa
alighted fit)m his horse, and hisuther and tfa
prinees carried him on their bosoms and amu
and seated him upon the throne of the kio|
d6m, while his father and the princes aii
stood before him.
^J dahn, Anointing. Duhn, Oil
Ointment, fat.
iiJbi} duhne, Grease, fat
^ybJ duhUr (pi. ofybJ), Ages, times.
di^b J dlyHt, Fines, mulcts.
jbj diffdr, A country, a district; i
Jjj\lJ. The town of Diarbekr, i
Mesopotamia.
^\J J dayydn, A, weigher of good ai
evil; hence an epithet of God. Compatin
settling accounts with another. A judge.
£lJj dayydnatf Obserration of religio:
v^^ J dlh for L.^ J %lh. A wolf.
— .L)t> Hh&j, A brooade vith a ri<
edging.
boil
ur»
W
^Af^ Wj •-r*"*'^ ur* **^^ kJ
crf^
(151)
1j
yJ\ Cf^jl] ^, In it was a
pirflioii of brooade, ziued upon eolumiif of
gold, lad within thia wen tarda, the feet of
vlodi were of emenUds.
A>Ij J iihdjat, The pra&oe, exordium,
ff pifaaUe to a book (m being generally
¥ntteaia an oniamented atyle, and adornea
▼ith 2;i]ding and other decorations).
^J^^ i^\f And I was seeking,
fas jny cvliaat ontflowinga till my latest
Mem^ m erery direction for a ^netona
na, to whom I might, by a weU-inrented
pn&caar exodimn, expose my great want
^O Hfstj The law of retaliation, an
eipatny mulct !br murder. In the time of
iMilmaflab (prince or chief of the Eoreiah
tribe, nd gnndfather to Mahomet) the mnlct
^ « the price of a man's blood was ten
^aelf; which being paid to the hein or
ifsotielitioos of the deceased, the mnrderer
vnproteeted from all farther pttniahment or
conre. In the Smmah, howerer, the fine
mndied to 100 camela.
j^«^«)^«X;f&r, Darkness, obscurity. Very
iuk night
^uiJjJi^dfi, A watch, a guard, spy,
a o]Mr?er, die fangnaxd.
j^*> imfTf A monastery. A oouTent.
w^*5 ^ (pi. cLi^ J), A cock.
^^J daymnmai, Continued duration,
^jfji %», Debt, loan. ^ J ^Jl£ ^olayAi
^ He is a debtor to him. ^ J d^
Us %», He is his creditor. c\j
^«>llf k^a hidayn^ He sold it qpon
CKBdit, or he gare a delay for payment.
^i ^ Paith, religion, worship.
|»U cifi iVmet^ ^Jiftft Muhammad
t«^A sMc/Sm, The religion of Mohammad,
^ pesos be with him! «^<uuJl ^J
*»«^ii«fA,Theidigionof Christ ^J
*>}(J^ fosZyoAilJ, The Jewish religion.
^/4it ^j1\ ^/«i|^. Knowledge is tiie
^«f rdigioii.
M'i^mr, A dinar, a ducat. A gold
l^iile ^^fcfA^j ^^J^3 \^S\ ^ Jlij
the nurdener took the pieces of gold and said
to ttiem, Kiter, and aivert YOurselTea; for
the whole is yonr property, ana sit down until
I bring yon something to eat.
ij^ J dlniinat^ The last judgment.
_:jJ iinl (fem. ^^J)i Beligious.
^^^«3 iiwdn, A royal court. A tribunal
of justice, reyenne, etc. A council of state, a
senate, or diyan. The Khalifs of the house of
Abbas constituted a divan (called ^^^^
JUx«!1, the court of oppression), which
took cognizance of all the acts of i^nnyof
the great men throughout the empire. The
EhaSbb themaeWes for some time presided in
it ; but in the reign of Moetader (about the
beginning of the tenth century) a woman, ac-
cording to some historians, discharged the
office of president. ^|^3J1 (^^, The
president of the council, the high chancellor.
^^l^ ^\^ J, The august or imperial
court
^yj^ dlwdn, A complete series of odes
or other poems by one author, runnin? through
the whole alphabet: the rhymes of the first
dass terminating in 1, the second iu
c->, the third in C^. ^j^}/^ tj^yi^
^jli5\, diic&n omar ebn elfarda, The
Section of the poems of Omar-ebn-el-Fardi
(of the amorous Kind). Also the collection of
the works of one author in prose, as well as
yerse, especially after he is dead. Ltuidn sig-
nifies dso a recueil, or miscellaneous collection
from d^erent authors.
c^«£ J dayyiUy A contented cuckold, tin
infamous pimp to his own wife.
^^ J <%flft (pi. of ^ji J), Debts, etc.
J sdl, The ninth letter of the Arabic
alphabet, denotinff in arithmetic 700. In the
almanacs it is used as a contraction for the last
month of the Arabian year ijs^\^0\
as \ J is the character for Sj^^jP,
The penult month.
1 J sd (in composition, ace. of ^ J %u)t
Possessing, lord or owner of, endowed with.
1
U.J
(152)
}^
^Ij saiiXy A saorificer, a cutter, a
batcher. ^^ jJl Juui, Two bright stars
in the left horn of Oapricom.
c:^U %ai (fern, of j J), Possessed of, or
endowed with, c, ■^;.<r ^ cl^f J, The
pleurisy. 0^i;jL)f J, An inflammation
in the lungs.
d^l J sd^, A person's own self, a person
or personage of distinction, the essence or
identity of any matter. G\ J ^jt»ij ^,
Ofhisownaooord. 4:L>^jil wt, Anoun
sabstantire. ^
c:j1 jJb hmSLty ad. In person, personally.
Uu sd^, Inreality, essentially, really.
JU sd/f, (fem. ^t J sd^oA), Pertain-
ing to a person, or essence of anything. Per-
sonal, essential, substantial, natural.
l1/^ J %AU, He, that Ji\ ulilj (or
ui^jll \1S\S), Then, at that time.
J^i^ zdkir, Bemembering, grateful, a
praiser of Ood. Thankful.
^j^^ J %&Jciriyahf Beminiscence, remem-
brance, the faculty of remembering. Memory,
retention, mental remembrance.
u^i J sdAf3, Gk>ing away.
Jjb^ J sdAf7, Careless, forgetful.
wo^ J sdyi. Liquid, melting.
JjIj wayh (fem. iA}\j), Tasting.
^b J wuh&bat, One fly. The remainder
of anyfhinr, the balance of a debt Zitbhabat^
A withered hanging lip.
f^J Mobh, A saerifloe, slaughter, catting,
. splitting, cleaning. Cuttbg the throat
JjJ ulU, Languishing, withering, be^-
coming attenuated or weak.
Hjj 9ablat, One globule of dung.
^Ift J %akh&yr (pi. of Sj^j), Treasure,
stores, proTision. Ul^l l3^1 jJL.^
^\ ^yaJ\ L^\ji\ LiUi, ♦ \jj\ijj
b^r^jl U^ l3^ U l:^y^. So there-
upon we put out our riches and our treasures,
locked the gates of the fbrtreases in our city,
and submitted ourselTes to the decree of ov
Lord, committing our case to our Master; sad
thus we all died, as thou beholdast, and Isft
what we had built and what we had tressnnd*
4^1^*3 sordrl, (pL of i^J), Progeny, etc
^j3 sird^, The arm. A yard, a cubit
The fore-leg of a horse. ^Ijjj! J^,
A Tetn or nenre extending through the arm to
the hand. A mark impzessed on the 1^ of a
cameL 6\^jJ\ (and *xJi\ ^jJ), Two
bright stars in the head of Gemiai, dsnotiDg
the se?enth mansion of the moon.
XjO uirat, A speoies of millet, ijti, \
zarrat, An atom, a particle, i^^js^ ^*i\j \
And if thou haye to choose between a mite
ready to hand, and the finest pearl that is only
promised to thee, choose that which is ready to
liand, and prefer the present to the futirs;
for delays often occasion disappointments, and
determinations are always liable to.TadUations,
and too often promises are followed by pro-
crastinations, and obstacleB interrene beiween
them and their fhlfilment
c J J tar^ Measuring with a yard or cubit.
i^jj wirwat, The summit, pinnacle.
^J nurrtyatf Progeny, o&pxing, de-
soendanta, reeei stock.
^O sorbin, The chin, the beard«
\^ J takd, Yiyacityi aeuteness of genius,
penetration. •
Sjl^J nakdwat, Brightness of geniuB.
j^J sofar. Hale, masculine. Zakar,
Membrum ririle ; Teretrum animalium.
^J niir, Bemenibrance, commemoration,
memory, retention. Uention. JlS J
^yr ZiUt C^J^ ^ vlC^l^ lit
^ JUi l|iU^ HU/Oj, Then he said
to him. Didst thou hear, 0 my son, what I
and thy mother said respecting the Queen
Joharah, and our mention of her qualities?
And he said, Yes.
^4)
(153)
4A^
^J tSr, Mental lemembranoe.
ijd tHrai, BecoUeetiQn, memory. An
Khnonitimi (when lemembered).
jpmier (pi. of^ii), Males. 9J^^\^^
4IU. If, And heliad a hundred con-
eiHaaa ; bnl be bad not been blest, during hu
vhole lire, iri^ a male or female cbild by any
of th«&, tnd be reflected iq>on this and began
to lai&ait bis own state.
j^i) takur, One who has a good memory.
\ifi ^Jj bj j^ c:^ j^l, If thou art
a tiir, be of good memory.
i;/j wjhtf0^, The male sex.
^Juk (fern. ^J)^ Acute, ingenious,
'mfidlig«nt. [Being abjed, obeeqnioos.
^Juldkt, Abjeotneasy obsequiousness.
iJljsaft2a» This, that. CJ^^ kitsalik,
ai likewise, in like manner, also, Airtber-
SMre.il^j^jLS \ij Unaan ^M uaUk,
li For tbis reason, based upon this considera-
tian. J\^ IfcSj^ ^^\ ^\jjl^
Tajd Mnlok beheld her, and nzed at her
Moty and loTeliness, while she Knew it not.
J««) tatil, Abjecty submissivey mean,
contemptible, wretched, base.
1 proceeded withoni knowing whither to direct
nj oonxse, rednced firom a mighty to an abject
lUtc, Bud walked till I aniToi at the summit
of a oMumtain.
jO uRm, Blame, disapprobation, repre-
I^sBM, reproach, aocosation, detraction.
jUj snpidr, Guardianship, dientage,
j*U J umdMf Ph>tection. Eight, justice,
^ii doe. Zmnmim, An soeuser, alanderer,
', Conseienoe ; the debtor side
of OBs*! teeooBt, financial or moral ; any moral
orMdalduty. jr^i ^ c:
\ J
- ~«~ «iwy. *^ *J w^^,-«>.i ^y
And if I take to him any other person, he will
become a weight npon my consacnoe. I know
not what to &,
^J simmf, A client, a tributary, a sub-
ject. A Ohristian, a Jew. [depraved.
j^^J zamlm, Blamed, blamable. Bad,
Uj\jJ tindh (pi. L-^l3i)i" A place
throngh which water flows between two bibber
grounds. The tail, the extremity of anything.
L\j6 %fnahat or Lj6, A. tail. The end
of time or of an a^e. The lower part of a
yalley through whioi water runs.
L^J takb, A crime, sin, fault. Zanab,
a tail. ^J^\ c-^i, The exterior
angle of the eye.
LjJ nanabai (fern, of ««^i), A tail.
4^y J tunuh, Crimes, sins, offences.
^J sa (fem. C^I^J), Haying, possessed
of, endowed with; as JljsfjJ, Ma-
jestic, possessed of dignity, glorious.
jUilU J, The name of the famous two-
edged sword of Ali, which Mahomet reported
he had from the angel Gabriel, j jiS|^ J,
Powerful. j^yJ^^«i» Alexander the
Great. J^^ J-^o^ jO ^J\ ^\ J<^
ij^^, For the son of Adam is pos-
sessed of stratagems, artifice, and guile. He
captures the birds fh>m the sky, and the fish
from the sea, and outteth the mountains and
transporteth them firom one place to another;
and all this through his stratagems and artifice.
(^\jJ nawat, PL of (^1 J.
jlji tawwdk^ A taster, one who likes
to taste eyerything.
imJijJ zawh, Becoming liquid, melting.
j^J tawh, Taste, the faculty of taste.
f^jj %awi (oblique pi. of j J), Lords,
masters, possessors, j! Jsji\ LS3t^^^;^'i^f
Powerful princes. tJyjt^ clCl rj
(IM)
cl-
*k«aJb J Jul! t^j^LJb ^j^\
lauMjf J^ l^VfifchJ, And practise the
enduring Bpirit of the resolute, and the for-
bearance of the discreet and proTident, and
BYoid the weakness of hasty hnpatienoe, and
let an easr temper be thy habit of mind ;
retain thy oirhems with pmdent frugality, and
season liberality with parsimony, neither
fastening thy hand tightly to thy nec^ nor yet
opening it out to its widest extent.
»J zth (fern, of \«i), ThiB.
U J %ihdh, Going, walking, passingby.
C^X^r jo^^ , I will go to my honsei
and dress myself, and return to thee.
liahab, Gold. UU Juai kftUt j^L
When I take words that seem mere silyer, I
fashion them into shape, and then they become
as gold. Kow formerly I used to deriye wealth
from my acquired learning, and drew milk
from it
,Jft J %ahl, Foigetting, leaving carelessly,
abandoning. That part of the night when
people are already refreshed with sleep.
^J wihn, Understanding, memory,
genius, ^!lai£>^^ CJi ^y\ (^«>!1 c^^li
and they shall not see thee.
Jyb J zuhnl, l^^lect, oblivion.
4/ J %i (fern, of \ J), This. (The oblique
case of jj.) Endowed, possessed of.
Jul ^^^}, Endowed with magnifi-
cence (one of the epithets of God).
<Lr^ J, The last month of the Maho-
metanyear. ai Juu! J, Thepenoltmonth.
v-^J sti^i A wolf.
iii\
UxS 4Xc 1 He who fears the wolf pro<
'^•^ a dog.
Jj J say/. The lower margin of a book
where the notes are usually put An qipendii,
postscript. Skirt. ^Uaj dbj JLj ^,
He who wears a long skirt treads upon it
J
ra, The tenth letter of the Arabic
alphabet In arithmetic it expresses 200 ; in
almanacs it is the astronomical character for
the moon ; and, in dates, it denotes the month
11
rabl^al akhir,
\j rd, Name of the letter j. In dates
of letters it stands, by abbreyiation, for tbe
month of J^t ^iij i^^^^ awtoal,
^\j rMh (fern. icsr\j ),Gainf ul, osurioas.
Anything of which profit is made.
^\j rdhita (pi. lajV^^ rawdhii), A bond
of union. System, regularity.
^\j rdhi^, The fourth. w\j rdU^,
-EowrMy. ^^ f,\i\ S^ fu) ^ fjAs:
L^\ JJli ^^\ ^ Jl; JJI, For thre
days he remained in his house, and on th
fourth day the Khaleefeh sent to summon bin
and when he had presented himself before bin
said to him. Where is the murderer of xJt
damsel P
iZ}\^\^\jAjPr, The Maldive Island
lying to the westward of Cape Comorin. Th<
are almost innumerable. The principal
called Ambuna, where the supreme power
Tested in the ¥rife of the prinoe ; the woin<
having there an authority so absolute ib
the men are not permitted to disobey tbei
howerer unreasonable their commands. T
cocoa-nut grows there in great abondanc
but their principal trade is in a litUe -wh:
porcelain sheU (commonly called a oowr;
which in some parts of India svppliea t
place of small copper currency.
L^\j rdtih, Firm, constant
,^w tj rdtinf, The resin of the pine-trc
/^b ^'^» Exeelling, preponderatiii|
^fr\j ^^J*t' ^^<^™^gi retrogade. Loc
ing toward, relatire, belonging to.
^\j rdjif, A trembling fever,
agoe. CiilaS J\, U Jt ffrj^} k
U^yj
M
(155)
i}j
iLsT^ \A>'\jf Bepart, and return not
hither, or I will kill thee, and she cried out in
hi fact. So he departed from her presence,
tranbling, shaking, and qniTering.
J>\; f ^ One on foot In Egypt pro-
uMmced nghelf means Tulg. a man, a fellow.
f>-\j rijimf Stoning.
^Iffyl, Hoping, asking, interceding.
^jruk^Wme. Alacrity. tjJb c^Jdrli
L:JjS> f^z^^ ^j ^J^*^ ^
I therefore took this maxim for the guidance
of mj eondiict, and made it the leadmg*rope
of all my conoems and interests ; so that I
nerer entered a dty, nor did I yentore to in-
troduce mrself into a den, without mixing
DTsdf with its mler Qike the mixing of water
v^ wine), and making myself strong nnder
his good anspioeB, in the same way as bodies
recare tiidr strength and force from souls.
ia^J rdhai. The palm of the hand.
Qniet, repose, eaae^ txanquillity, quietness, etc.
* ib^yiy Beware of indolence, for it is
^ key of indigence, the origin of distress,
the dunc^eristic of weakness and folly, and
thehahitoal temper of the sexrile and de^nd-
cBt ; and none gaUier honey who choose mdo-
Icaoe, nor wiU any fill hit lund who luxuriates
ia repose.
\^\j rakUf A trayeller.
^\j fdAtZai OT rdhilahf A caravan.
^]j rSJdm, Pitying, pardoning.
Jo^lj Earn, The wife of Jacob.
•Jj^j rMf (fern, ii J^^), (part.) Suc-
caefiitt, coming after. The sound of the
^fffwimap at the resurrection.
^^\J rStik, Bestowing the necessaries of
li&(t& epithet of Ood).
\j^']j rw, The head. JUll ^^'j;, A
capital, a principal sum, a fund.
J-Jl, The top of a mountain. yjji*\j
jtj^\ BasBul Khanzir, The Cape
Khanxir or Khossus, between Alexandretta
and Souedia, or Seleucia.
^\j rdsAh, Firm, solid, durable, con-
stant, rooted.
Li.%i*^\jrd«Mtt^, Antimony, from a mix-
ture of which, with galls, a kind of oil is
expressed by a hot iron, with which, the ladies
anoint the hair of their eyeUds and brows,
not only to give them a beautiful black, but
to smooth away excrescences.
^Jij rdsim (part.). Sealing, marking,
delineating, writing.
^^\j rdsl (fem. ^]j)f Firm, immovable.
lii\j rdihid, Faithful, pious, orthodox,
following the right path.
Jh^I; rdihikj An archer, a thrower of
the j avelin. Penetrating (aspect] .
^J^^j rdshl, One who gives a bribe to a
** OoYemment officer.
d^\j rdsid, An observer (of the stars,
roads). One who lies in wait (an assassin,
robber, informer, etc.). [sucks, etc.
^\jrdd%^ Sucking, milking. One who
^\j rddl, Content, satisfied; agreeable.
\^J\, To be content, to consent, to
acquiesce, to permit, to condescend, to approve.
im^^j rdttb, Humid.
Se\j rd^ (and iS£\j), Thundering.
^\j rd^if A shepherd, pastor, guardian,
olwerver, conservator, protector.
z\jrdgh%h, Willing, wishing, desirous,
curious. M\^*ii\^ji^{^Sjjii^<^^^^]y
*i^y J Jutf ^ ^li *i3lJill J CSJoj
♦ jyU Jj^\ ^ liilS , And sharpen
thy perception to notice every omen, and train
thy discernment to correctness of inference ;
for he whose conjectures are right haa his joy
prolonged; but he whose notions are erroneous
nas his success deferred. Do not burden th^-
s
(156)
»J
lelf^ my aon, with » laive household. Eschew
fiutidioiisnesfly abstain from frequent impoitu-
nity, and be content with a small gift, if a
grait one be withheld.
ii*\j raafatf Commiseration, pity, com-
passion, clemency, grace, fayour.
ji\j rAjk, A pulse, an artery.
^\j rdfid, Eefusing, abdioating. One
who refoses, etc.
Aaail; r&fida (pi. ^\yj ratodfii), The
aeotaries of Ali. ^<-ailj Sofiil, One
belonging to the Baflda sect
t*b ^^J^V ^^^ Elevating, exalting.
One who elevates, etc
c^lj r/lkth, An obaerrer. A rival.
{/Bi\j rdMi, A dancer.
^\j rdkim, A writer. «-Jj>yJt (i\j,
The writer of the letters, t.«. of these pre-
sents, of this letter.
d\j rdh (fern. iJtj), An enchanter.
c-^lj rdUb, Who rides, a rider.
(jcS\j rdkid, Galloping (horse).
^j rdib'^, Who bows the head.
^\j rdmiky One who is armed or pierces
with a spear. ^9'^^^ ^
large star between the legs of Bootee [at
fj^\j rdmA, Who looks slightly, glances
^\j rdml, An archer, a thrower.
J>jj\j rdwand, Bhnbarb.
(/jlj rdf^ An historian, one who nar-
[priest
\j rdhii, A monk, a Christian
uV^b ^^^^9 AmUe-paced (hack for
traTeUing).
i^\j ratty. Opinion, thought, oonnsel.
c-^U ,^\j, Pkndent connseL i^\j
Jl-U, Bid advice. Ija^lKj^^U
^Jl, 9td rdydk ft kad Intmr, What
it your adrioe in this affiurf
iJL^XAj rdydt, Standards.
iAj rdyatj A standard, ensign, banner,
flag, pennant, oolonrs.
^\j rdyf\ Usage, custom current among
the pnbUc
"-•*«<, Odour, fragrance.
j5tj rdytk, BeautiAil, lovely.
jtj rahh, God. A lord, a master, a
possessor, maintainor, supporter, iljj
^2;s^UII, Lord of the TTniverse. ljj
c-;Uj3H, The lord of Lords, iltj
4>LftIl, God, the protector of his ser-
vants. ^j^\X4L'*j»aS\ \jjb ^\:^ jjj
^^jfi^\ Jhsl, We had resided in this
palace in security until the event decreed by
the Lord of all creatures, the Loid of the
heavens, and the Lord of tiie earth, befell us,
and the eiy of the manifest truth assailed us.
^j ruhhap Perhaps now and then, c^i
dJia& ^^ u:>i^ L^j^ ruiba karhn
•hubM min hjkatin, War is often
kindled by a single word. JuK cl^i
^Aju uu^Jurf, A single word sometimes
destroys ikvour.
^j ruhh, Decoction of the juice of
citrons and other fruits, for seasoning victuals.
Inspissated juice.
\)j rihd, Usury. Interest on money.
uAij rahdh (rubub), A kind of Inte,
rebeek, or guitar.
^\ij ribdhat, A quiver, in which are
contained the anows used in drawing lots;
a heap or handful of these arrows ; dso the
string which binds them.
^bj rdbdhy Gain, profit in business.
l^b^ ribdif A firm structure, a public
edifice for lo^(ging tvaveUers, a oaravanaera, an
*~~ A station upon an enemy's frontier. A
um.
bond. ij:^jJ J»J\ J\ wuIp, Uli
'J
, So when
I reached the eartii, I hastily untied the bond
from its foot, fearing it, though it knew not of
me nor was seusible of me.
^bj rabd^, An animal that has shed
his tooth called ^Vj> **•'* ^^ which
IS between the two fore-teeth and the canine
(which happens to aheap, goat^ ate., wh^i
(157)
four yean; to hones and black eattle at Ato ;
and to eimda at seren). JSm^^F, A four-
letter word. A Tiene of four hemiaticha, a
qnaSnin.
Jbj r0ihdnl^ DiTine, godly.
t^j rikh, Profit in tnde, interest, nsnry.
hi J nht, Binding. ]ajj, To bind,
Btraogtlioi, fitateiL.
^j m^, A fourth, ijl^^^ ^jf An
aitroiwBueal quadrant. [Spnng nana.
f^J ^l}* VemaL Bom in the spring.
\jj rMma, 0 onr Lord!
jij rubw, Being increased, multiplied.
Growiag, liang, making inquiry.
^fj ntki^at, Dominion, supreme
power. A deity, diyinity.
ijij raiwat, Ten thousand drachms.
kjj rtihU (fern, l^j), Bound, fixed.
^jfo^^, The spring; also two months,
called JJli ^j. The first rabl^, i.e.
fte third montli of the Mahometan year, and
j^i\ ^jf The last rabt^^ i.e. the
instil month. MoBl^ Verdmre, Bpring^grase.
JJ^j >J^ t;^\ l^ J^ i^--«^iLj^\
U^LLI ^^«^^ UjV^ u:.^Jj^, And
I took sEelter in a caTem until the next morn-
ing. I then resamed my walking, till I airiTed
at a flooruhing and well-fortified city. The
viater, vi^ its eold, had paased away, and the
ipisg bad come with its flowers ; the riyers
fcnaed the most eaehanting cascades, and the
■ogiog of the biida was troly delightfdl.
Vj nr^/, Dignity, grandeur, office. A
^Ǥree, the step of a ladder, stair, etc.
*-!^ij;, The highest dignity. \^\ J
y>3 U'L JyJ J-J J j3 ^j, How
Qft« Aey hoped for what was not decreed
f^! fiot they went to the grares, and hope
<fidBot profit them ; and from their high and
S^'XMQi state they were remored to the nar-
^''^^m of the aevnlchre, which u the worst
rfiiedm!
Jjj rati, A discourse pronounced with
a clear, melodions voice. Smooth, dean, r^n-
lar, white (teeth). Conspicnons, distinct
^U^j railma, A piece of thread wound
on the finger as a reminder, like our knotting
a handkerchief
LSj)j\jjrisdi&t{^l.of2jrassai). Basdsdt,
Wearing, tearing (a robe, habit, etc.). Dirty,
squalid, unsightly, ragged, going to pieces.
Baggedness, deformity.
CL'bU^ risdy&t, Hired female mourners.
^j rosy, Weeping, mourning, praising
(the deceased) in a funeral sermon ; crying oyer
him. ^^pjl C^UUis- ^^ (j:.-o-U
fc.,.^! \^\^\, The wild doves la-
mented for me, and expressed their pit^; had
they deplored me, it would haye surpnsed no
one. While they were lamenting me from
among the leayee, their harmonious measures
and warblings caused the branches of the trees
to tremble out of pity for me !
^j rajjj Moving, trembling, agitating,
causing trouble.
U-^ raja, Hope. Prayer, supplication,
intercession. \^)^^j^ ^y^j ^^ jJ^
ci^Ull yjjfe Jbi;\j cjI^U And so
he knew that thej had embarked on the sea
and pursued their course oyer it; in conse-
quence of which, bis hope of discoyering
(reaching to) them was then cut off, and he
poured forth tears and recited these yerses.
>-j rajjaf, The day of judgment.
The sea. An airy manner in walking.
^}\>'J rijdl, Men. People on foot.
v_^i^« rajah, The seventh month of the
Mahometan year. Rtytib, a proper name.
^j rajah. Preponderating. Excelling,
overcoming. B^uh, Large-hipped (women).
f^^^^j rojahdn, Superiority, prepon-
derance.
i^Xs^Tj mjhaniyyat, Preferableness.
^ j>-j rajraj. Movable, trembling, tot-
tering, shaking from corpulency. (A multi-
tude) agitated to and flro, yet making no pro-
gressiye meCioD, qd aooonnt of their crowding.
(158)
r-j
^j raf0iLf A species of yene. Rij^^ Ln-
Duril^, ■nrlwmiif, Fnnd, deeat. .S^as
Hakui^ or repeatiiig the Tenes adled nyin.
fiffiiify Thundering loudly. Bm^
and r(fc, UndeammL Tonnent, wmiahmcnt.
An iniaiDOQt aetion deMniniF of cnantinfment.
>-j rqf^f Eetorning, repeating, re-
dadngy rertoring.
^J ^V't^f ^ retom. The apparent
letrognide motion of a planet [moTed.
fm^i^j rqfa/f Tiemor, emotion; being
^Us>*^ rafafdn, Trembling dreadfdlly.
iip^j rqifat. Agitation. An earthquake.
J>-j rqful, A man. Itijl (pi. J^rjl),
Foot, feet
ms^j rajm. Stoning to death. Strewing
a graye with stones. fj^J^^ ks^ f^3
JjlaJI ^ Jb Uy» j^Jar ^y How
many green and dry (trees) are on the earth ;
but none is lapidated and stoned, save that
which beareth fhdt ! Thon thonghtest Tery
highly of the days when they seconded ((a-
Yonzed) thy wish, and fearedeirt not the evil
that fate and destiny was imparting.
>• I n^mat, A tamnlas of stones oyer
a graye. A monument, a sign, a mark.
f9^j ^^t> ^^^™f reyersion, repe-
tition, resuming any operation. ^\
^T? lS"^ ^ *^^ ^*^ hatta' narfa^,
Bemain here until we return, ^^y ^
l::.^jJ1 ^\ Id tarja^ ilal heit, Do not
retom to the house.
immiy^j rujU/f Tremor, great emotion.
^frj rujuliyah, Virility, i^f^}^ ^
sin arrujuliyah^ The age of yirility.
^ndal hajati rt^uUyah, Sabmission to neces-
sity is heroism.
ujLp-j rajlff Emotion, trembling.
^ii>'j rqjlm, Oyerwhelmed with stones,
execrable (an epithet of the deyil). One to be
pelted witn stones, especially the devil, whom,
I
in the eeramoniei of the Hn, Hnaulmea np^
poM themsdyes to he pelting, when they
throw stones on Monnt Arafat, intending hj
that aetion to express their ntter detestation
for him, and to deyote him to infamy and de-
itniction ; ttonlng being regarded by Orientali
as the moat infiunons of deaths. usJUi
cJ[d- cJ-ii JU-Jl ^^ Jiy i wi-jl,
Jls>j Jl dArnr^ ^ CJj . And the old
woman exclaimed, I seek refofo with God
from Satan the stoned. Thon hast no desire
for men, and how, then, has loye affected thee
and made thee its yictim P
^j\^j rukdkf Pure excellent wine.
Jl^^ rahhai (fem. ii\^j), TrayeUin^
backwards and forwards.
^ rahdyh. Large possessions (in
land), wide fields. Confines, boondaries.
y^^^'^j rM (fem. ^U>-^}, Large, conve-
nient, spadoiis (pUuse).
Jp-j rM, Saddling or loading (a camel),
mounting a camel, departing, trayelling. A
mansion, a resting-place. A small camel's
saddle, a saddle-cloth, etc. Hoosehold fnrni-
tore, especially what is carried on a journey.
i\^j roMat, One journey, u^ Li ^^^
* ih-* iiiji^ ♦ i^ i^l , And when
one country fails to yield thee supplies, or dis-
tress has oyertaken thee therein, cut off thj
hopes firom it, and speed thy camel away ; for
the best of countries is that which maintainf
thee ; nor deem remoyal a hardship, nor dis-
like change of place; for the moet distin-
guished or our sect and chiefs of our tribei
are agreed in the opinion that moyement is
bliss, and yisiting of fresh places a sure ^aifi,
while they express contempt for the opuioo
of one who thinks that trayelling is misery,
or change of place a signal torture.
M»^j rahm, The womb, matrix, uterus.
Compassion, mercy, pity. Uyl l^ JUi
V
( 159 ) t/oj
^^^**Vi Lrs**y' i^^' -^^
dll
her fiither nid : 0 my daughter, hare mercy
on me: may God liA?e meroy on thee !
J^j (or ^^j), Bdhman^ God, the
Hodfol, die Compafldonate.
4rj Toimt^, Pity, compaasion. God's
meicy m a future state. [God of mercy.
cyj fojbfi^, The quality of being the
^j rM, A mill-stone, a mill.
Ji>j nkkj The best wine.
J^j rtkl, A journey.
(^j raMm, Otod, the Merciful.
^j BM, The name of a monstrous bird,
vfaieh is aid to hare powers Bofficient to carry
of a Jire rhinocerofl. The castle or rook at
JU Jb sSi^\ jji ^J\ ^ JlL, There
B, in eertaia of the ialands, a bird of enormous
fize called the rukh^ that feedeth its yoong
OSes with elephants. — El Kazwini writes in
lui '* Book of Wonders " : A man of Ispahan
i^slated to me, that burdened with debts, he
qotted Ispahan and went to sea with some
nerehanta. We came, said he, to the well-
bown whirlpool of the sea of Persia ; where-
upon the master declared that no ship could
escape from this whirlpool, hut that if one of
OS woold give himself for his companions, he
woalddo his best Wearied by misery, I wished
for death, and offered myself, on conmtion that
the mochants would discharge my debts and act
kindly to my children. This being accepted on
octta, the master put me on shore, gaye me pro-
Tisknu foraome days and a drum to beat ; while
I vu beating the drum, I beheld the water
more; then therbore theshipalong,and I looked
It her until sne was out of my sight and in
tt^. Left on the island, I was mraitatingon
BJ case, which was like a dream, when at the
ci«t of the day an immense bird, like a doud,
csme and ahf hted upon the top of an immense
tree. I hid mysefr, fearinff lest it should
nuke me ita prey. WTien the light of morning
W^ndMd, It shook its wings and flew away.
}at neat night when it came I approached
^ Wt it showed no hostility to me. The
^ti night I lat by it without consternation :
I bid hold upon its legs, and in the morning
^fler awsT with me at a most rapid flight.
^^ I looked towards tiie earth and saw not
*9|^t Kve an abyss of water, I was about to
^"^inyh&ld of its 1^ ; but life is sweet, and
^jwrained mYself to hare patience, and
*^><>kBigsgainat Uie earth I beheld the Tillages
*pd tte towns, and the people looking at the
wl Then it approached the earth, set me
^^ Vfoa a heap of straw, and soared into
^*kj. You may imagine the astonishment
J^J^
of the people, who took me to their chief. I
related to them my whole story by an inter-
preter, and they wondered at me more and
more. They treated me kindly, and I remained
with them some days. I was walking on the
sea-shore, and lo, I met the ship of my com-
panions ; and when I related to them my story,
they were greatly astonished, and we tnanked
God who deliyered me in such a wonderful
way : may His name be exalted ! — Se non d
Tero, d ammirabilmente ben inyentato.
Ifi^ rakhd (iy>-j and i^^j), Being
loose, soft, flabby, relaxed. Affluence, the
pleasures of life. Rukha, A gentle wind.
f^s>^j rukhdm, Marble, alabaster. *^1 J
, They then passed on, and found
a saloon constructed of polished marble,
adorned with jewels. The beholder imagined
that upon its floor was running water, and if
any one walked upon it he woud slip.
if^^j rukhdmif Anything made of
marble.
ifjlfv.^ rakhdioat, Eelaxation, snpineness.
uu^jv.j rakhi, A bridle of gold or silver.
ija:>-j rakhsy Soft, tender, delicately
brought up. Lowness of price.
Juof^-j ruk?uat, Indulgence, unbounded
licence, remissness, connivance. Leaye, licence,
permission, dismission, discharge.
y>,j rakhaw, Soft, loosed, relaxed. JRakh-
wat, Laxity.
JLH '>j rakhlyu'l hdl, Liberal-minded.
^jAtS-j rakhU, Cheap, low-priced.
J; rod, Eepulsion, resistance, refutation.
Restitution. To cancel, erase, return, repulse.
A refutation, a reply.
\jj ridd, A cloak or mantle (worn by
deryises). An upper garment of fine lineh,
unsewed (or sewea, if made of other cloth),
reaching to the middle of the leg ; any kind of
cloak put on when going out.
^Jj rad^f Prohibition, repulsion. Ting-
ing, staining. Subigens (fopminam). Striking
a spear upon the ground, in order to fix the
head firmer. A spot, a stain on the clothes.
The marks of blood, of saffron, or of ointment
upon the body.
fc^J; radl (fern. AiJ;)i Wicked, corrupted.
ry
(160)
fmMtij radl/f Troopi, militia. A veteran
who has serred fire jwn in the amiT or nary
and is fdaeed in the merre, but liable to be
called oat again in case of neoesnty.
ii\jj rtmdJat^ Ignonuny, shame; a
shamefiil act [ahamefiiL
JjJ; rmml^ BiBhonoiired, diahononrable.
^ J; rtaHatf A mean, worthleea thing.
Yice.
j^\jj raudk, An attribute of God, as
the proridsr of the necenaries of life.
Sj\jj nmdmd, Sedateness, graTily of
reflection.
\j\jj rmdjfd, AfflictionBy misfortones.
ijj raasaf, An iron eye to a door for
reeeiTing a bolt or lock.
^Jj ritkf Bestowing what is neoessary
for the support of lift. Rixk^ Biches, ^ood
fortune, acquired wealth, whateTer brings
• gain. CS^ 4Ut jj^, The goodness
of God, not yonr labour. [of dothes.
L9JJ rmmai (pL ajj ratam), A bundle
^jj nun, Balancing anything in the
hand to try ite weight.
Xjj riuah, A ring or staple for the bolt
of a door, or to which a padlock is fastened.
^^jj ra»l», Grare. Weighty. Heavy,
ponderoQS. Finn, strong.
ZJLi^ riaalatf A letter, the mandate of a
jndj^ a summons in writing, or anything lent
A kttle tract, a small wor£ [fonction.
ilLaj ratdlai, The prophetio office and
aLs^ raadmf A draughtsman.
fJSLaj roidyl (pL of iJLy), Writing,
etc. Despatches. The Epistles.
^^c^j ruatdk (pL 4^^;)9 A village, a
market town, an encampment of tente or hnts.
The chief of any order. A tithing-man.
i^j ratlf Sending. JRuttd, Prophets
(pi. of J^^, The ApoeUes).
^ rium, A law, precept, canon, rule,
r^;iilation. A model, design, drawings deicrip-
tioD, writing. The trace or restige of a hooae.
^<w;rMmi, Usual, customary. Officially.
^j rasan, A halter. Patting on a halter.
y^j roiw, Being firm, immovable. The
remaining at anchor (a ship).
^y^j ruiUih, Being firm, solid, constant
Finnncas, etc
J^ raM, An apoetl^ prophet, mes-
senger. • ^ J J^^ ^^'^^ J-y^j
iL^\j^\ ^\ Utj, And he sent to
threaten him, eaying to him, by the memeneer,
Thy mind has soggoted to thee desires. Doet
thon threaten me with liolent words ? Either
come thon to me, or I will go to thee.
/^y^j rutUniy Inscriptians, written laws,
caaoas^ eastoBa. Does, taxes, usages, fees,
^«i^ f^y^jf Customs or tribute exacted
by the lord of any district
^^j foif. Constant, xmmorable (either
in good or erfl). The middle pole of a tent
(Jami^ ratal (pL t^j)f One who sends or
issent to another ; aLn the person to whom aent.
^j roihihf Sprinkling with water.
jLIj rathdd. Garden cresses. The right
way, the road to aahratiott.
ij\j^jraBhdtaf, Being of an elegant shape.
^j rashh^ Sweating, flowing, distilling,
trickling, dropping.
Jlmi^ ruihd, Bectitude, the right way.
b^ thee freely to grant ns pro]ntiona aaaistaDOc
to lead ns into the right direction, and a heart
taming in onieon with tmth, and an expiessfe
lan^Wge adorned with ingeniousneas and eim-
pliaty, and ityle sapported by oonchisiTenees.
e 1 jju.1 iju^ aaLj e ilSttin} ^Jlj
his son relied to him : 0 my lather, be th;
Beat in Ufa never brought low, nor thy biei
lifted up. Thon hast indeed spoken wiih true
aim to the paipose^ and thon hast taught m«
the path that is trnly ri^t, and shown me hon
to attain to real distanotion, and giTcn me what
a fiiihflr ae^er yet gave to a eon I
And
u
(161)
^^
JJiij rMi, Making an arrow fly rapidly.
y^j rathe, Corrupting with presents (a
judge or goremor) to gain a cauee, etc.
i^j roBhwat, A gift for cormpting a
jodge, etc, Ivibery, simony. A bribe.
^j rtukidj One of the attributes of
God; adinctori conductor, guide; sagacious,
intdligent tXJ^J\ ^^ijib JSariin Arra-
t^ The fi/Ui kbalif of the house of Alabbas,
eontemponry with Charlemagne.
^j rtttkUl, The town of Bosetta, in
£gn>^ The woods of palm-trees, the orchards
vBtoed by the streams of the Kile, the lemon,
tbe oiugv, the banana, the peach, and other
tms, br theirperpetoal yerdure, render Bosetta
astoais&ingly dehghtfiil.
roihik (fern. ^aJ^j), Of an
degut sUtore. Qnick, swift. A rapid bow-
shot [toll. An astronomer.
*i^jraudd, A patrol. A collector of
gcUi fofdf, Lead.
<jUt rasdnat, A fortification. Firm-
oea. Solidity. [of roads.
<^j ruttd, Observations of the stars or
^j fw^, Braising between two stones.
«Vjf«iii,Watchingy observing. Balance
of maeooont
^^^J roAn, Firm, solid, fixed, fortified.
J^?^ erf; U^' ^^ edifice sup-
ported by pillars.
^j raid, Striking, beating, braising,
bnsking (in large pieces).
*^j r^, Consent, agreement, acqui-
^ficeooe, permission, connivance. ^
3 l»f CSAss^^jC. Uj yJL^j hdradlt
U ^adt ^aieik am /a. Do yon accede
to vhat I hare proposed to yon or notP
4 Jti^ ^j Ji ^ J^li J^ji jJ^
l^or iH ^ ^ings of the g^a haye demanded
»v <^ hitt, tnd he refused, and approved not
«« of them, hot rejected them all, and said
** thiBi, You are not equal to her in beauty,
iiw ia lorelineas ! f\}\ iJL& Ji" ^^
And once in every ten days he oomee to me, and
spends a night here, and then he goes away, for
he took me without the consent of his relatives.
cUj rida^ Sucking the mother.
icLp^ radd^t, Sucking. ifiUjll ^^ ^^
A foster-brother.
^j rad^, Sucking (the mother).
f^^y^j ridtodn, Complacency, content-
ment, satisfaction. A blessing, benediction.
^^j^ju^\ ^^f^s> dS\\ ^ycj. May the
blessing of God be upon them all. Sidwan is
the name of the Guardian of Paradise, of which
he keeps the key.
radtc (fem. Aw^)i Sucking. An
infant, a foster-brother, ^^j J^t, A
sucking (or weaned) child.
c-?U^ G yd rat&h, 0 flabby ! (a taunt to
a woman).
c-^ • rath, Fresh, tender, moist. Butb
and rutub, Green herbage or trees. Much
grass, many trees. Bipe dates.
Jti rati, A pound of twelve ounces.
h^9j rutuhat, Humidity, moisture.
Freshness, greenness, juiciness.
cU I racd^. Pusillanimous young men.
The worst of subjects.
uJlc; ru^df, A hemorrhage.
bUi ra^yd. Subjects, peasants, the
poor or lower order of people of all kinds.
iU. ri^yat, Observation, respect,
honour. Receiving affably or kindly, giving
presents to inferiors.
t^^^j ra^. Fearing. Terrifying, trem-
bling. LsLj, Fear, dread, terror, fright.
Ju^ ra^. Thunder.
(jIlCj ra^h. Trembling. Tremor.
v_Qg. rflc/, A hemorrhage or bloody flux.
Lc; ra^. Silly, foolish. Idle, indolent,
languid, relaxed (woman). Beautiful, fair to
look upon.
^j ra^y, Pasturing, feeding (as cattle).
v...^^ ra^h, Fearing, terrified.
Z^j raayat, A subject, peasant, plebeian.
Pasture. ^ J^\ ^SLiJ ^U CiJl^
11
u
*xSj C>H!5j ti-JaXitj *i-^^\ ^j;^
lA--Cj jji/-* ^5i h^ ^^j ^-^-^
Ju^l^ Sr[^^>r ^ (JuJbx^ * Juij , I pos-
sessed what none of the kings possessed, and
ruled with justice, and acted with equity and
impartiality towards my subjects. I gaye and
miide presents, and I liyed a long time in the
enjoyment of happiness and an easy lifsy and
emancipated male and female slayes.
Ls:j raghhai (pi. CL'Lc;), Want, wish,
desire. Strong desire, avidity. Wish, ctiri-
osity. Esteem, estimation, preference, fttrour.
iXfi; raghad and raghd. Affluence. Being
affluent. ^ \J^^^^ ^j^ \^^^ ^-^
j^^l l^ilaj jJ, We lived upon the
earth a happy life, united in fellowship, and in
abode,and home;bnt Fortune, with her changes,
parted us from each other, and now the grave-
clothea have united us !
tf£j raghm, Yiolence, force, constraint.
Ui;, Out of spite, per f(»ve.
i^j mghwatf raghoaty The froth of milk.
Ju^ raghid, Leading a free, easy life.
le\3j rafd^at, Fineness, slyness. Gh^at
tact in behayiour. [oompaiiioii.
Ij\3j rafdkat, Companionship, being a
»\ij rafdh, ^li; rafdhat, and i^\sj ra-
fahiyat, Bepose, quiet, tranquillity, affluence,
enjoyment of life.
^Uj rt/ddf <U«ail^ rdjidiah, and ^/o^S^j
rawS/id, The Bafidis are the Muhammadim
sect of the Shi^ah or Shi^i, the followers of
Ali. Like the Mutualis, they are regarded by
the Sunnis as heretics. The principal point
wherein they differ from the Sunnis is their
. denying the right of the first three khalifs,
Abu Bekr, Omar, and Othman, asserting the
only lentimate successors of the Prophet to be
Ali ana his descendants, oaUed by tnem their
Imams, the twelfth and last of whom (£1
Hahdi^ they belieye to be still liying, though
■ inyisible. The Shiyai fldth became the na-
tional religion of Persia about the commence-
ment of the sixteenth century of our era, under
the Shah Ismail, the founder of the Safl
dynasty; and since that period the adjacent
territories of Sunni princes and goyemors
haye always been coyeted/ and often inyaded,
( 162 ) Jj
by the Bafidis. The Ismailiyah, who m\tk
the mountains of Latakia, and especially fl
Elace called Eadmus, belong to the Bafioisc
hiis : they are diyided into two sects, ti
recognizingseyen Imams, and the other twel^
The first war between the OsmalU Suss
under the Sultan Selim, and the Ferdi
Shia'is, under the Shah aboye mentioned, occi
sioned the conouest of Syria and £mt by 4
former monarcn ; for though the inhabitau
of these countries were Sunnis, they were i
alliance with the Shah Ismail. Ooucena
the religion of the Ismailiyah, see ** Jotmi,
Asiatioue de Paris,'* yol. xx.. General Ind<
of the Writers, under the name of Catafago.
luJj ruffat, Kicking, kick.
^^j rafd, Leaving, abandoning, abd
eating.
^j raf^ Elevation, promotion.
ht^j rif^ty Highness, nobility, emineno
magnificence, sublimity. Altitude.
(J^j ^C'fa^i Benignity, benevolence, com
tesy, favonr, blandishment. sl^At
LlX^ ^\ <UU, Betake thjsel
therefore, to the practice of oompastion n
equity, and relinquish eyil and oppresiioii, t
it wiU be more pleasant to thy life.
\a3j rafkd (pi. of (j^j)t Companions.
Smj ru/kat, A company, a society.
^j raft^, High, sublime, noble, em
nent, exalted, grand.
(Jt^j ^frf^K ^ friend, companion, co
league, accomplice, associate, assistant, partDi
aUy.*iL;;;bj^\^a*;^lj!l
* <ii>!^ Jf5 • ,^)\, And th
^.
say that this notion is cherished as a stii
consolation by those who are content witl
sorry maintenaaee, and repine not at had f(
or scanty measure. But if thou dc.tcrmine
trayelling abroad, and preparest thy staff i
wallet for the journey, choose first a re
panion who will bo a real assistance to tb<
for as a neighbourhood must be known bcf
the house, a ^od companion must be p
yided before a journey is undertaken.
^,
(163)
4J1 rtf/iA, Easj* or oomfortable in cir-
cuinstuiefli.
J; rdkf ^urcbment. Sikk, Semtude.
s^j riksh (pi. of Jjjj rakahah), Backs
of neeks, where the yoke bean in oxen^ em-
blemttie of iabnxiaaion and obedience, or Bub-
jtction.
AiJj nidkt, Riyalrj, oompetitioa.
Ji; nUd, Sleep, sleeping.
^^^j raiidi, A dancer, a jumper;
jJij rokdy}, Sabtilties.
V; nhhai, The neck. [Modesty.
iijnUB/, Pity, condolence, benevolence.
iJ^j rakdat, One deep or slumber.
^j nit^ A dance, a ball. Dancing,
leaping,
^; nk.f FktchiBg « garment (mendings
by lewiiig being called \ij), Bepair-
iag a well.
m
•Ui t ntk^ai, A letter written to a king
tjr m one not a riar. A piece of cloth.
•ij nbn, Writing a character, a cypher.
Arithmetie. Harking with or^ographiaal
poiati. A fignie.
-y; ntkudf Beclining, sleeping.
*^j rukum, CharactenB, inscriptions.
>SJ '^» Enchanting, fascinating.
w^^ raiibf A riraly competitor. A
jnardian , preserver, keeper. \__-;Xm\ ^ ,
^^ v^pnsenrer, the obeenrei).
^; nkyat, Enchantment, fascination,
<cs^c A talisnanic amulet, or written charm
'cvxnx Bcoroery. Superstition.
Jy^. rata, Za^j rai^kat, A female
iliTc Teader, delicate. Snbtile, minute.
bcugB* compassionate, ^jjj ^IkL*
V^^ > ^ prince of a compassionate
^^•'^ [cavaleade, saite.
^^»i; ncd^, A stirmp. Procession,
ii 0^ TMlubd, Weakness of intellect or
■'TUffiett, want of firmneas^ shakinees of hand-
S^v' roW, Moonting, sitting, riding.
^j rihhti, A particular mode of riding,
^^^in^^ i2a^ The laiee, the elbow.
ijSj ruh^t (pi. C^U^), A sacred in-
dinatioa of the head, also a genuflexion (in
prayer). Ruk^^ Low, hollow ground.
^j rukn, A pillar, prop, etc., especially
that side on which anything is supported. Aid,
support, guard, protection. ' Establishment A
momentous affur. A grandee.
^^j raknh, Mounting, sitting, riding
(a horse, chariot, etc). Km^j\j*yi\ ^^
!» yb L#|^ and akdir arkah^ wa mmm& Aft
/«/S, I can ride, but he oannot.
'j rdkn^ Bowing the head in humility
and rcTerence.
^^j ru^Hn, A leaning, inclination.
tA
o «S« rukunatf Being firm, constant.
CSSj rakik, Thin, slender. Subtilei
fine. Weak, silly, rile.
^jjj rals^f Firm, solid, strong.
^Lj rmak, Spears. ^U, rammeh. A
maker of spears. A thrower or juster with
spears. CLAijLi] (Jl:\uA\ ^^faus. si^
L^\ ^j\aj l^^ £3T f^ ^*M.J^ Uj^y9»-
Kmy of damsels, who smite with swords and
thrust with spears, five and twentjr thousand
in number, every one of whom, when she
mounteth her oourser and equtppeth herself
with her implements of war, will withstand a
thousand brave horsemen.
jt«^ rom^if, Ashes, ♦yj^^ u:^y>*»l*j> ^j^^
iS\ ^b ♦(^XJ C^^j^ ui3j5l jubjj
u^jU CLJ^^ *^^3\ jJUb^ e:^^^
But if liiou forget my lesson, and reject my
admonition, then the ashes of thy hearth will
be scanty, and thy family and thy people will
slight thee. My son, I have haid experience
of the realities of things, and made trial of all
the ricissitudes of fortune, and have seen that
riches are more respected than rank, and that a
man's property, not pedigree, is inquired about.
JUj rimdl (pi. of J^), Sands.
ch;
(164)
'3J
yj^j rummdnf The pomegranate, ^l^^,
One pomegranate. d>^j rummanl,
Besembling a pomegranate. ^w«j
rummOntyatf A diah dressed with the. seeds
, and juice of pomegranates.
fA^j ramdyim, Eotten, corrupted bonea.
^j rumh, A spear, a lance.
•X^j ranu^d, Ophthalmia.
jfj r^ms, A nod/ wipk, sign, signal, m-
timation, hint. An enijnnatical discourse or
writing, a cypher. Asnbtue distinction or mark.
A secret. Abbreyiation of words by cyphers.
^/M^j rams, Covering with earth, bury-
ing. A sepulchre, a grave. Equalling. Hiding.
Darting, ahooting (ah arrow).
^^Ld^ ramaddn, The ninth month of the
Mahometan year, during which the prophet
has enjoined a fast of the most rigorous land,
all go(^ Moslems being interdicted from eating,
drinking, and conjugal duty, from the rising of
the sun till the appearance of the «tan ; the
sick, the traTeller, the soldier in the field, and
others whose situation will not permit so strict
an obseryance of it, being obliged to fast a
complete month when their health and circum-
stances will allow. The ramadan is greatly
reyered on many accounts, but particularly from
the belief that it was on the 27th of this month,
called ^ the night of power," that the Alcoran
began to descend from heayen ; on the anni-
Tersary of which all orthodox Mahometans con-
tinue most fenrently in prayer, imagining that
eyery petition then put up to the Onmijpotent
willbefayourably receired. [mg At.
Jk«j ramk (or^^lLtj), Looking or glanc-
J^j ramly Sand, especidly a particalar
kind of it used in Geomancy, called by the
Arabians ^J^ ^ Ji£, The science of sand.
Upon this sand (for which paper is, howeyer,
sometimes substituted) they draw many unequal
lines, upon which are disposed a certain num-
ber of points, from the combinations of which
they pretend to foretell friture eyents. 8ome
Orientals attribute this inyention to the ante-
diluyian patriarch Enoch; some to the pro-
phet Daniel ; some to Cham, the son of Noah;
and others to the Egyptian Hermes, or Tris-
megistus. It is in ^eat yo^e in t)ie East,
many elaborate treatises haying been written
on the subject.
^1 J^j ramlalhahr, Sand of the sea.
J-^
jUl LfJx i^Ji^ Uii ^UjJ^ v<
k::^j^ Ju^flcUlj (jUwuM^I, For tl
island, upon which yon are, is not really
island, but it is a great fish that has becoi
stationary in the midst of the sea, and t
sand has accumulated upon it, so that it \
become like an island, 4Uid tnees hare gro^
up upon it for a yeij long time, and wb
you hghted a fire on it, the fish feh the h<
and put itself in motion.
A^j ramtah, Ratna in Palestine.
^yj rumiih, A kicking horse, etc.
jyj rumUZf Signs, nods, enigmas.
i^^yj rumiUy Grayes, sepulchres.
^^j ramy, Throwing from Uie ban
darting « jayelin, diooting an arrow, hitti
the mark.
M^j rrnnlm, Ptttrid, earioos, ooimpte
worn. jJi c/'jJIb ^j^^ C/yLA^\ ^^
*fj2^.4X l«j IfJ 1^ U \^jVi ji *\^j4
Where are the kings and the builders of toi
in the earth P They haye quitted that whi
they haye built and peopled ; and in the en
they are pledged for their past actions ; the
after destntction, they haye beootne put
bones. Where are the troops P they repel]
not, nor profited. And where is that whj
they collected and hoarded P The deove
the Lord of heayen surprised them : neitl
riches nor refbge sayed them from it.
i^j rannat, Sound of metals, glass.
mJj ranam, Sounding, singing, moduli
ing. Cooing (as a doye).
^j ranin, Twanging (as a bow-strio{
Groaning. Vociferating, eiring out, maki
any sound with the yoice. Listening to.
afixicted woman, groaning and Uuneating.
d^ljM rutcdt, Historians, nairators.
0^\jj rawdj, Being yendible, in gn
demand, or selling well (goods) ; the cunri
of money or other commodity ; disbursing
receiying money; buying or selling m
I
V
(165)
Z^J
facility {jLmS implpng difficulty
of lale). ^\tj c:^^, The time of
sale, 1 good market.
ia te^W tarih iltf hunaky 6o*not there again.
ijM - (1^ i^£i\ Jl* ) ^ hodd annak
iuruh M^t, Tou must go with me.
rJi/ d^ ^^^ narnh ffhadd. We
shall go to-morrow. ^•jj\:j^khallind
futrik, Let nsgo. '^i)\ ^^ ujU*\ Ul
lI/I^ ^1 Aid AfcAd/ 9itn arrawah Ha*
Awfdi;, I am afraid to go there. J ^
ki^ •. «yl J \^<^\P '^ ^^"* turdfiknl
^ tfriU imA(^. Except yea accompany me, I
^ not go by myself. (J^>^^^ f^^
<«i M tariiAv, Now yon may all go.
yancA min hund, Tell Mm to go away.
itj Rudd, Formerly a powerful city and
republic, known by the name of Aradua. Not
I angle vail ii now remaining of all that mnlti-
t«ie of bonieB, which, aoooidmg to* Strabo, were
bailt with more storiee than eren those of
Hdme. The libettr enjoyed by its inhabi-
tant hid rendered t&e town yery popolons ; it
ra'!»flCed by naval commerce, manufactures,
^ aita. At present the island is inhabited
^7 f^ Arabian lamilieB; nor has tradition
eren retained tiie memory of a spring of fresh
v&tar in its enTirona, which the people of
Aiados discoTered at the bottom of the sea,
>tti frvm which ihsf drew water, in time of
nr« by meaofl of a leaden bell and a leathern
ppe fitted to its bottom. Opposite the Island
01 Andas ia the ancient seaport of Mount
I^inas, the celebrated Tortoea, from which
^woodof Lebanon was conveyed to Phoenicia,
tad which the tranalators of the Bible take for
the town of Tarsus. So instead of '*the
Plaited) yeawls of Tarsna are in thy pay,"
^e^it oQgiht to be, ''the yessela of Tortosa
«» itt thy pay," etc. See Tortosa.
^ jf; rmewdi, One who dresses and sells
*«^ of cattle.
i^'^jj rawdfid, The followers of the
BMtsf AH,etUed^A«i^.
j^jfif^ A. gallery, a portico; an
Apstoait epenbelbre, either at the top of the
house or projecting before it, in the manner of
a balcony, for the adrantage of air or prospect
lA^j riwdi^at, A history, narrative, re-
iation, tale, tradition, report, fiction. Story.
Conversation, j^/^ <^jj -r^ Td*^^
L5^ ^'j^ sft/J' ^^ *^ affable man
whose a^ct might inspire me with confidence,
or whose conyersation might relieye or quench
my thirst.
f^\jj rawdyih (pi. of Aac^ij), Odours.
And I became immersed in sleep, enjoying that
sweet zephyr and the fragrant odours.
ijjj rUpah, A rupee.
-^ J rah, The soul, the incorporeal spirit,
the breath of God, prophecy, faith. Jesus
Christ. The angel Grabriel (whom the Maho-
metans eall likewise fj^\ rV^^^ -^^^
faithful spirit, and (jy>#JJiS^ ^jJJ^» ^^®
holy spirit, tl^^-^^ r3j^» '^^® ^t^^^^
spirit. ^jU-Jl-jj, Mineral spirit
^\ -.^j, The divine spirit. dM\ -^^
The spirit of God, the Holy Ghost (but with
the Mahometans, as aboye, Jesus Christ, and
the angel Ghthriel). c.^^^ ^4^ Uli
jJix: Jlij ll JlI \ia^ Wlii\ ^Lp (•Xi
2^ juM>- f And when the king heard the
words of Saleh, he was yiolentl^ enraged ; his
reason almost departed, and Ms soul almost
qtntted his body. *j^s^\ ^^ ^dac^
♦ ^^j!^\ r Express a high value even
for one which is of little worth, and return
thanks even for the minutest present,, and' be
not desperate at meeting with refusal; nor
think it impossible that a hard rock should
yield water ; nor despair of God's spirit and
nelp; for that is the part of an infidel.
iS^pj rUhdni, Spiritual, holy, con-
U^J
templatiTe. d^x^^j ruhdnlyat,
Sanctity, spiritaality.
^Ojjfj rdzndtnah, A book of the day.
A calendar, an almanac.
L/'^J (P^* ®^ U**]/)* Heada, chiefs. ^j**^j
JL^l , The tops of monntains. Uli
( 166 ) ^^
M m
ifjAs:^\ ZaSi] jjll, For if Aey woui
c/^jy ^^^ (^^ ^ J^^ ^y ^
C-.9KII 'ijjb, And when he beheld them,
with the drawn sworda in their hands, he
called out to hia people, saying : Oh ! woe to
you ! Take ye the heads of these dogs !
Ljj rUwoisa (pi. of j^/y-J;, f^Bi), Ohiefs,
chief people.
^jij rawdat, A flower-garden, a meadow,
a pleasant pkce, a paradise. Pleasare. Water
jitft coTermg the •bottom <of a lake or cistern.
This name is giv«n to a part of the southern
portico of the great mosque of £1-Medineh,
because the prophet said. Between my tomb
and my pulpit is a garden of the gardens of
PAradise. See BuicUiardt's Arabia, p. 337.
uJj'j ra-nf, An attribute of God,
merciful, propitious, benign, benevolent.
Ai^ Mum, Oreek. *jjjl js^^, The
Mediterranean Sea. Ji^J\ SL, Greece.
^jj Butnl, Roman, Greek, ^j^
The city of Borne.
^jj raumak, Beauty, elegance, loTeli-
ness, grace, splendour, ornament
uJjfj ra-*/. Compassionate (God).
[ijj fHifdy A dream, a yision. j-t^
Uji^l, Tke interpretation of a dream.
<i jj rU'ttifat, Sight, vision. Considera-
tion. ^ji^^^Jb,Iuconaiderately, Uj^js*^
ij^Ldl, The king, therefore, won-
dered at her eighty and aft her beaatr and Ioto-
liness, and the shape and justness 01 her form ;
and he said to the meroLaot, How much is
this slave P
\jbjl\ MTuha, Edessa.
^^Lib; ruhbdn^ Monks, Christian priests.
..4b J rahin, A hostagei a pledge, a pawn.
I*
\
pawn me, and my knowledge with me, and (
my books and inK-«ase too, for «iie day's fo<
the pledee would be declined ; and this wou
give birm to the most contemptible aecoui
against my credit and deconim. Jaj
^Lj Ui \y>j * \^JkB. Uj \jJbj fjjl
US ^U i^^cu (J*lj;:^il, J^,
J.>- It ^^Jij\^ And consider a peop
who ornamented and decorated their palaa
and in the dust have become pledged ror thi
action. They built; but their buildin
availed not : and accumulated treasures ; b
their wealth did not save tiiem when the ta
had expired.
^^^j rahln, Fledged, pawned, giren as
boetage. ii-Jb, (pi. ^^U;), a. pledge,
hostage. [simulatic
\j « rif/d, Hypocrisy. Acting with di
cijIjj riffdtf The lungs.
^Ij^riydA, Winds. Odours, ezhalatioi]
(jt^^ 1 raydkin, Odoriferous herbs.
^M^bj ri-dtat, Goyemment, dominio
command, superiority. Presidenoyorpresida
ship.
ijo\ij fiydd (pi. of i>i^j\ Gardens.
^bj riyddat^ Abstinence, mortifyii
the flesh, austerity.
^\lj riyddl {Lj\iJ\^^\), Math
matics, the abstract sciences.
^\lj riydlah^ a. t., used in Arabic,
rear-admiral, formerly a bey, now a pasha.
u*^; rayh^ Doubt, suspicion. Incertitud
^iHA, Wind. , ^ aI^ ^., The sou
wind. ^ ♦ U jw ^\ 1^^ \^\ f
I*
■ ■^^t^h
JiIh-»
<jJ
^' . -- , .
^^^^A^JxLil *X«le i^^» n.y^l ^j^ CS
bringestme a gentle gale from the place
whicn my beloved is dwelling ! 0 wind, th
bearest a token of my bebved! Knoir<
thou, when he will amve ?
^J
(167)
^
\s^ . B&a, The uidaat Jerkdio, ritoated
u kagiiBi to the aoiih-Mit of Jeraralem, in
& plsin ox or aefn laagnei long, by three
wide, ooand which nre a nomber of barren
BKnatsos, that render it extremely hott Here
foraalT w« ealtiTatad tho balm of Meocai
From iat denription of tiie Hajjia, thtt is a
dinh| anflar to the pomagranate-trea, with
lesTEs Hb Ihote of me. It bears a pplpT
sat, in v^ is eontmnfid a kernel that yieldi
the nuoBi jmoe called balm or balaam of
QUaimii^f eifteemad in the East in the
praat 47. This ebmb haa disappeared
from & ml; and the trareUer who should
isqon ifter it, and the flower called the rose
•f Jtridio, vboM precise nature has pnzzled
10 Biaj able commentators, would, in both
aw. aeet with disrapointment; for they are
equDr unknown to the inhabitants of the plaee.
Jc^,j rtian, Swaet-basiL Sihdn also
ineoaBOB proper name of men, now com-
ixaif giTca ts ikTeB; and the name of sweet-
aejUo; pbats in general, and espedaUy
ajfTtk It also ngniAes any &Tonr of Uod, the
fifties aeoeaazy for snbnstence, a son, etc
\j^jnp, A head, chief, principal presi-
^ coammder, iha captain of a ship, a pilot.
iJ^ifUil or rUAtf^, A feather, ^^^toli
"fU^ i^jJlyb ^U Sj^ Umi J^U)^
*^ Jt, And when ihey take off
^ ilmsuv Mst thine e^e npon the dress of
Men beloneiag to the chief dignsel, who is
tfeoljeetof thydsiiTe, and take it ; but take
^ nght bcnde it; far it is the thing that
o&njcdi ha to her ooontry.
Jij rtk. Spittle, water ranning from
^ Qoqth in themofning; whenoe ^Jlc
Jijl With a morning stomaoh, •'.#.,
•ij ri-my A milk>white doe or deer.
f,j fla, A white deer.
c^iy* See v/^j*
j mhe eleventh letter of the Arabic
jwbct, denoting seven in arithmetic Satnr-
^athe almanacf, and the sign Scorpion in
\
- j •ft (or^-i^.^ -\j), Copperaa, vitrioL
I Mineral of Titriol.
jfAj %djir, Prohibitive, who hinders.
i,^J>Aj ndhif, Dragging the legs, fatigued.
J^ljsdM, Who retires, remains behind.
jsi^\j talMr, FuU. Swelling (sea).
o\j s4i, TraveUing, provisions, yictuals,
▼ivres. JsLJj IL>.y\j j\jl\ ^Jb ^
^b \jt^\^ J^\^i^\^. Then
he prepared the provisions for the Journey,
and the escort to ^ with her, and going in to
his daughter at mght, commanded her to set
forth on the journey.
so\j nadah (Persian used in Arabic),
Bom. A son. ifti\j if\J^, A king*8
son, a prince. 9j\j f^\, Nobly bom.
(Persian).
cj\j %dri^ A sower. <U>AJ cj\j l^j
i\ya Ju0l>-, One often sows for one's
self while another reapa.
i\j %dgh, A crow, a raven, a rook.
^\j tdkl (fem. i^\j, pL CuU^Jj), Pure,
holy, pious.
^\j tdUh (part.), Slipping.
j^\j Mdmir (fem. i/«|j)f A singer, a per-
former on musical instruments.
ij\j %anl, An adulterer, a whoremonger.
ifjUzdnnfat^ An adultress, a whore.
LM zdwiyat, A retired comer, a cell,
monastery, convent, cloister, hermitage. An
angle. A^aSli ij^\j it&wijfat iaimah, A
right angle. »^l»- ^i^^j %&wiyai^ had-
dahf An acute angle, ^ji^ h^)
idwiyat munfarifah, An obtuse angle.
JUyyu^LjU zdunt/at mujoBsamah, A
solid angle. ^^)jJ^ (S^ kaimtU zdwi'
yaA, Bight-angled. Ji^\ji\^jix^mun'
fanful idweyahf Obtuse-angled. jU-
blijJ\ haddul aawdyd, Acute*angled.
Jjb\j %sMd, Eeligious, devout, abstinent,
content An ascetic.
jib\j zdhir, Shining, florid, vivid. Lucid,
plain, clear, ardent.
Jj\j sd-ii, Bedundant, superfluous, ad-
I Bcititious, additional, acoeeaory.
■J
(168)
IJ)
^\ ad-fr (fem. sd-f ra^), Yisiting, a visitor.
J7j %&•% Defective, deficient, failing,
perishing, Tanishing, transitory, fleeting, firail.
Know that thy soul is aboat to ^oit the world,
and to perish and depart from it : then wilt
thoa be reduced to destruction ; and it is the
worst abode to which thou art going.
jLj zubddf Civet.
Jbjssa33<3/, One who draws dung, ^bj,
zftbalat, Filth.
(Jljjj Zibddni, Zibdanl is a consider-
able Tillage, lying about half way between
Balbec and Damascus, from each of which
places it is distant about eight hours. It is
likewise a great thorouglifare from the latter
place into the mountain (the Anti-Libanus)
and vice versA. From the great concourse of
strangers, it has an air of bustle and life, not
usually seen in these parts. The inhabitants,
three-fourths of whom are Musselmen, the
remainder Christians, breed cattle and the
silkworm : they have also some dyeing houses.
The town is partly built on the nigh ground,
and partly on the low, with large gardens
attached to each house, which are plentifully
supplied with water from the mountain.
Ziod&nl is one of the most delightful places
in Syria, on account of its rich yegetation and
abundance of water. The great quantities of
^pes produced far exceed the wants of the
inhabitfuits ; and they are conyerted mto a juicy
saccharine substance, called dibs, and used as
a substitute for sugar.
if Jj J whdat, The cream of milk, the best
of anything. Aji\ si^ i^j. The most
excellent and first of men.
*^jij Mhixrfadf A kind of emerald, a
chrysolite, topaz, beryl, jasper. ZabarjadJ^ Of
the colour of a chrysolite.
JjJ %%hdl or xtM, Dung, rubbish.
j^j sMbUr, The Psalms of David.
V— ^*t I nabib. Raisins.
A.M^ : uablbat, One raisin.
^U-J syay. Glass. ^If J «ii;'4;; A glass-
merchant, l^ U-j , A bit of glass. A
cup, a glass, lc^t 1>J , Made of glass.
A glass-maker. ^^U-jy-tfi, A build-
ing or framework of glan.
%ajr^ An impediment, opposition
Force, yiolence. Conjecture, diyination, augury,
obserying the flight of birds.
J talMfy Creeping,
i*l»j stAdm, Pressing (as people in i
crowd). A crowd. A\>^^\j^y A
great crowd.
u.i>J (anduJ^J), Proceeding, making
progress. Creeping forward (as a boy on th
ground). Bragging the Umbs fix>m £atigae.
J»J %uhal, The planet Saturn.
f^^j %ahm (or ^J), A crowd, a inmull
^111 a\, Mecca (on account of th*
crowds of pilgrims).
i^jtahmat, Affliction, grief, dlsqaietude
indisposition of body or mind. Diaease, dii
order.
jj str, A coat-button.
jj wur (imp. of To visit). Visit. V^j
U^ J\jp , Visit seldom, jou will in
crease loye.
^ijj tird^at, Agriculture, cultivation c
the ground. (jauU^I ^1 u:.
y
mij^^ IfJ iZJJ^jiJi, Now I ha^
heard that the methods of subsistenoe ai
these : Administration, commerce, husbandry
and handicraft. So I engaged suooessiyely i
each of these four, to see which was txto
proper and adyantageous for me ; bat I foux
none of them such as to merit my approlx
tion, or such that I might deriye a me *
comfort therefrom.
m
ii\jj zurdfat, A giraflfe.
Jjj ward, A coat of mail ; linViTig ^
^ther the iron rings of which the ooat of
IS formed.
)ijj Zardaaht or Ztrduikt, Zoroaate:
the Z^usht of the Persians, the founder .
reformer of the Magian religion. The mo
opposite opinions luiye been held both 1
ancient and modem writers respecting ^
time in which he liyed.
sJjj zardah, Eice dressed with honej*.
jjljjj sarsAr, A starling.
&jj zar^, Sowing, scattering seed.
li;
(169)
:>)
Xlll Xa>^ ^^J^ fyjf B!e who
sows beoerolence reaps thanks. ^
LJjyulUjLC Xa9^ i^^yui^\ ft;J, He
vbfO Mvs beoerdenoe reaps ingratitude.
U y lork (fern.), Blue.
^; ; nmliU, Orpiment.
4«Uj s^dMf^ A seigniory or fief be-
etovedftr nflitary lerrioes.
jUiJ Mc/ardff, Saffron.
J2j iMi Galling out, terrifying.
*£j tftfli, Thinking, imagining, pre-
iBB^, ipeikiiig from belief An opinion.
80 mibaiided idea. (Ji3 j^ ^\ *cj
:<^<B«M<iii iasa/i3t, He aoaerted that it ib so.
CiUlJ * Jic (i<U il<i^ cu^J ^j,li
♦iiUj Jal jli JL)U * Cj^, If thou
nert ^ thoa art a great king, the kine
viio it my aster^s son is a sweater king ; ana
if tiun botsteet that thy £uighter is lorely,
BT (Uogbter'B son is more loTely than she,
B^ aore beaatiliil in form and more excel-
|e3t in nnk sad deM»nt, as he has sorpessed
ia good and euellent qualities all the great
BSkofhiitiaie.
«^j »^Mid (pi. of M^j sa^fm), Pos-
Kwnofmsjor fie&.
«^j u^ffli, A boaster, pretending to what
kebasDorigfat Aiponsor, asorety. A prince,
i<«iBr, iiBiiibl due^ militsoy tenant.
^j i^, Pitch, resin.
}] ^f^t Anything fat, from which they
ibiim in rigid &sts.
jjjnidl, A street, market-place, lane,
*^S^ U-'^ ^3 ^ '-^ v/^ ^J
^^1^ life Jk«*ii^f And when the
1^^^^ had gone forth with Jaa£ur and
Mtmv, tnd th^ had passed through seyeral
" "« Hikel-atieetB, they proceeded along a
lane, and saw there an old man with a net and
basket upon his head, and a staff in his hand,
walking at his leisure, and reciting these verses :
S^j wk&kif Belonging to a street, mar-
ket, etc. Vulgar. The Yulgar dialect (as
spoken in markets).
f^jtdkkilmy An infernal tree (mentioned
in the Alcoran), the fruit of which is supposed
to be the heads of devils. A thorny tree, from
the fruit of which they make oil. Infernal food.
jjyj sAibhin, A plant which grows at
Jericho, and which produces a sweet oil cele-
brated for healing wounds. This plant re-
sembles a plum-tree ; it has thorns four inches
long, with leaves like those of the olive-tree,
but narrower and greener, and prickly at the
end. Its fruit is a kind of acorn, without a
csdiz, under the bark of which is a pulp, and
then a nut, the kernel of which gives an oil
that the Arabs sell very dear. This is the
sole commerce of the ancient Jericho, which
is at present no more than a miserable village.
iflSj takdt and 5/j (pL ^^j), Alms.
Alms-giving. An alms is required bv law to
be given annually to the poor, of camels, oxen,
sheep, goats, horses, mules, asses, gold, and
silver, provided the propert^r be of a certain
amount, as five cameU, thirty oxen, forty
sheep, five horses, two hundred dirhems, or
twenty dinars. The proportion is ^nerally
one-fortieth, which, is to be paid in kme, or in
money, or other equivalent
M^j tukdm, Deflation, rheum.
i^\^j zakdwat, Purity, probity, innocence.
^j taklf Pure, virtuous, just, pious.
Jj so/, and JJ) zakU, To commit a mis-
take, to be deceived, to be iu error. ^
J : duLu ^jJc^\, man astaghna ht^il'
mihiBoOa, He who contents himself with hia
own knowledge is mistaken (is in error).
LSij tdl&hiyati A thin pancake.
tZJij waUaty Mistakes, errors. CL^lj
blLfiLj, Faults and sins.
Jjij fuUdnil, Earthquakes.
djiij zuldkat, A slippery place.
JSj tuldl, Pore, limpid, wholesome water.
Mi
iij tallat, An error, a blunder.
J\jlj %ahdl or st7sd/, Tremor.
iJfJj zdlzalat (pi. of Jj5j «ate«»7). An
earthquake. Earthquakes are felt at intervals
9 •
(170) jj;
in Syria. Tbe cout in general is subject to
them, and biatoij giTes na many instances of
earthquakes, which have changed the face of
Antioch, Laodicea, Tripoli, Beirut, Tyre,
Sidon, etc. In the year 1759 there happened
one which caused great raTae^es. It de-
stroyed, in the YaUey of Baibeo, upwards
of twenty thousand persons, a loss which has
never been repaired. For three months the
shocks of it terrified the inhabitants of Lebanon
so much as to make them abandon their houses
and dwell under tents. It is rraiarked in Syria,
that earthquakes seldom happen but in winter,
after the autumnal rains ; and this observation
seems to prove that the action of water on
the dried earth has some share in these con-
vulsive motions. It may not be improper to
remark, that the whole of Asia Minor is sub-
ject to them in like manner. When writing
this article we read the following specitd
telegram, which appeared in the Times:
*' Alexandretta, Apnl 6. Half the town of
Antioch was destroyed by an earthquake on
the 3rd of April ; 1600 persons were killed.
Great distress prevails in consequence." It
is with reeret that it must be observed that
this ancient city has been peculiarly subject to
the destructive visitation of earthquakes. It
was almost demolished in the years a.d. 340,
394, 396, 466, 626, 628, and 668, etc. By
the last date (668), above 60,000 persons had
perished. To put an end to this inconven-
ience, the best means would be, never to build
houses with stones, but with wood, which is
so abundant in that country.
ZiJj talkahf A slippery place. A fall.
Ik^j ZiMha, The wife of Potiphar,
whose passion for Joseph is much celebrated
in the East, particularly in two elegant Per-
sian poems by Nazarni and JamJ,
jXtj nrndnif A rein, a bridle. .
^U; zamdn, Time, an age.
j^j namff A flute, or otlier inBtroment.
ij^j tumrat or sumraA, A multitude, a
troop.
Oj^j zunntrrud, An emerald, ^jo^ ^\ J
^UUI, He then arose and took with
him two leathern bags full of jewels and ja-
cinths, and oblong emeralds, and gold and
silver, and all kinds of precious stones ; and he
made his servants carry them.
i^j famsam, A famous well at Mecca,
called likewise Hagar's Well. The water of
the well of Zamzam, in the temple of Mekkeh,
Is beUered to possess miraoulous virtue, andii
therefore brought away in bottles or flaaka Ij
. many of the ]^ilgrims, to be used when ooct-
sion may require as medicine, or to be 'sprinkled
on gravC'linen. A bottle of it is a oommoiQ
and acceptable present from a pilgrim ; and
a euest is sometimes treated with a sip of this
holy water.
^j^j itamzamah, Soft murmur of voices.
^j %amn, Time. ^i,gJjff\ l^^laJ Leli
the Khaleefeh beheld this, teats ran down his
cheeks, and, looking towards Jaa&r, he ex-
claimed, 0 dog of wezeers, shall people be
murdered in my time, and be thrown into the
river, and become bunlens upon my conscience
and responsibility ?
^J^j *am<mi, Temporary, worldly* frail.
jiji^J M^^^f> Intense oold, shiTeiing,
the beginning of a rigid vrinter. The forty
days following the winter solstice.
\ij zind, Adulteryi fornication. ^j*^j,
A bastard.
Jlj jUj nanddikai aitfd (JiC^Jj (pi. of
j;j«Jjj), An atheist.
j\ij tunndr (or ij\jj), A belt.
jUj iundk or zandk, Anything put round
the nose of a horse to hold him steady. Zmai^
A necklace, any ornament for the neck.
jJ\jj zananir (pi. ofjUj), Belts.
(JL^J smberek, A watch-spring.
JmJJ zamhak, The white lily.- Jaamine.
j^j zamhur (pl.^l3j), A waap.
J^J zamhJl, A basket
^J zinj or ^yj, The Ethiopians.
; zinjX One Ethiopian.
fj zaf^'ahll, Ginger.
if/efTJ zanjifrah (or jiseTj), Cinnabar,
vermUion.
fiosrj zinjlr, A chain.
Jjj Zand, The elbow, the smaller aa<i
interior bone of which is called Jj*;^\
^i\ and the other Ji-9S\ jjjl\^
yj
(171)
JV
*CCjuj « CSt^jt And he replied.
eV
Vt 908, rofiBg utile entrance to thu method ;
lilatBess ill garb, adboitness its lamp, andadty
ill trooor and ve^ons ; be swifter than a
loott, more prowHng than a jackal, nimbler
dm a vOd gaselle, and bolder than a tiger-
*?If ; itrib fire from the flint of fortone by
isdiBtiT, and knock at the door of maintenance
^Sij miakti^ Impietj, heresy.
J^Xj tmak^ Im^ooB. An atheUt. A
'wsWpper of ftra.
^yj ZmUna^ Qoeen of Palm jm. After
^ diath of her hnshand, Odenathns, abont
^- 3M, Zenobia aaramed the imperial dia-
^ nd porple « regent for her tons, and not
Oily iwiirtained the pomp, bnt discharged all
&• ictiTe dstiea of a sorereign. She appeared
is oartial attire at the he£d of her troops,
ud iUred their toUs both on honehack and
en foot She mm at onoe liberarand pradent
is the adamustration of the rerennes, striet in
^ipcDsiBg jnrtioey and merdlhl in theexeveise
^ porer. But not content with enjoying the
^^uSediadependeiiee grateftilly oonoeded by
Galbanii, and tolerated by Claudins, she
npi^ to iadode all Syria, Asia, and Egypt
vhbis the limits of her sway, and to make
food the title whioh she olaimeil of Qneen of
tbefiait By this nsh ambition she lost both
bcr kiagdom and her liber^. Loaded with
Ncdf jewels, fettered hsna and foot with
^Kxlee of gold, she was led by a golden
e^ befiiie Sm chariot of AnreHan along the
Saoed Way, while all Home gaxed with ea|^r
cviwtf on the Arabian princees. Profltinff
W tie dcneney of her eom^tteror, she passed
toe icoaiBder of her life with her sons, after
theosaaer of a Roman matron, in the vicinity
cITuoh, aigh to &e goigeovs tiIIb of Hadrian,
« IS eitite whioh ttill bore her name when
^«ffi» viete her hietory. One black stain is
"*»hwi to tte memorr of Zenebia. It is re-
*"MAal, stimnlated by the jealousy of a
I^Bfltftfr, ihe consented to the death of her
jwadbeesase he seemed to prefer Herodes,
™ *n by a fermer wife, to Herennianns and
TtarisM^hisehildre&byherBell Thischaree,
^a;rrtiahle in itseu when we recollect the
|2^(tnt psssboa which so often rage in the
"^ *!* cipeeialW in an Bastem despot, ia
^'oMmA. by Gibbon aa a very oajnst sus-
picion ; but he forgets that it rests npon the same
authority as that of nearly all the particulars
which he has admitted without hesitation in
regard to her career, — ^namely, the rumours
ooUected by the Augustan historian.
^^•j Mu^dyi ICarriage, matrimony. cs^|^
'c^5yb^£lL<^\u^3usHVJ^-
e,^ ^y ^ ur- W» •VS c:^^^ ^V
jj^\^ Then knoweet, 0 king, that the
Queen Joharah, the daughter of our lord the
king, must be married; for the sage saith, The
incTitable lot of the damsel is either marriage
or the graTC^
j^A^j wmodjifj Prohibition, forbidden
tfcdngs.
if J^J^ Mtfft^d^ia^, Provisions for travelUng.
jC^j fuuowdr (pL ofy\j), Pilgrims.
Jf^j nawdly Declining. The instant
after the sun hss attained the meridian and
begins to decline. Declining from any high
position. To appear, to cease, to be di^wi
yUl ^^•^ ^3 Eecite to me some
▼ersas: perhaps my chest may thereby be
dilated, and these sad thoughts may be dis-
pelled, and the flame that is in my heart be
quenched.
Jbl^ ; Mwdhir, Flowers, ornaments.
\)\^j futwdyd, Comers, angles.
jj^jlj %awdffd, Snperfluitiesi redundancies.
4M^j zuba^h, The whirlwind that raises
the sand or dust in the form of a pillar of
prodigious height, often seen sweeping across
the deserts ana fldds.
^^j Mwj, Equal, alike. A pair, a
couple. Joined, attached, next to. A spouse,
a husband, a wife.
tlJU-^J zawfdty Sponses, wives, iijjii
ijij^ ^.^y. ^^^v ^ ^'^ ^'
{jijn^^ crfv^' «-^ ' ^^^ ^^* whose
name be exalted ! blessed him with two male
children by his two wires. They were like
two shining moons.
J. J %nr, A lie, a falsehood, adulteration,
jjj) zUr, Violence, a strong effort. By forp^
J^J
(172)
j^J
\iy, zufd (or JjJ), HyBBop.
jl^ zuhhddf Eeligious abstinent men,
monks.
JJbj zuhd (or it^Uj), Continence, devo-
tion. J^St JUb), Abstinence from food,
sobriety.
ybj sahr and j^j, Flowers. Syria
possesses an immense variety of flowers. The
following are the names of a few of them :
J;j ward, Eose. iUs^]^ tamr al
lis. ^«**4
lanafiajf Yiolet.
L/**
\
08 or
nartin, The myrtle. ^jJU^ shakik.
Anemone, jj^^i^ mantur, Gilliflower.
sjM^y naryit, The narcissus. ,ji>^^\>
yatminf The jasmine, ^jlj^ »Mrffi,
Eglantine. ^Ut^ %ahr el ndrtng.
The Seville orange-flower. ^j«^
•«<flii, Lily. jjlaC^ HAa«, Sweet-
basil. ^Uj nammdm, Wild thyme.
j\{) hahdr, Baphthalmum. ^j^y^^
uk hawdn, Chamomile, j^^ nflqfar,
Nenuphar. ^^^^^ hethnln, Lotus,
jldf^ julndr, Pomegranate flower.
(jwli^*^ khathkhdih, Poppy, ^^-r"*^
hitmiyah, Ketmia. ^^\^ «i^«rafi,
Crocus, or saffiron. Juas. oBfar, saf-
flower. ^Jc^ kittdn, Plax. ^lM
haktllah, The blossoms of different
idnds of bean, etc., etc.
\ybj%ahrd (fem.), Splendid, clear, serene,
brightysbiningfbeantifiil, flourishing, blooming.
4-2^J;Jbj tahardt, Flowers, etc.
ijibj Mhrat(;pl.iZj\jibj),A flower. See^.
ijJbJ iuhrah or zuhrat, Venus. A sketch
of the religion of the Phoenicians. — ^The bean*
tiAil Adonis forsook the conch of Yenns to
pnrsne the pleasures of the chase. Jealons of
nis rival. Mars changed himself into a wild
boar, and lacerated the thigh of the hnnter.
The grief of Venus was exoessiye ; bnt her
sighs could not avert the fate of her lover, and
she transformed him into a white rose. As
the weeping goddess fondly caressed the fin-
grant flower, her hand was wounded bj t
thorn, and the leaves were dyed cnmsoa
with her blood. All roses before that time
had been white, but the flower that had re-
ceived its hue from the blood of Venus won
became the adoration of the world, and the nd
rose was always afterwards esteemed as the
pride of the florist and as the glory of the
garden. In the mean time the death of the
sylvan warrior was told by a thousand voices;
the air was rent with the cries of the nymphs
of the forests, and hill and valley rang with
their lamentations, while the echoes of Leba-
non still repeated the name of the loved and
lost Adonis — *' I mourn Adonis ! the fair Adonis
is dead ! dead is the fair Adonis, whom the
Loves lament !" An annual festival was es-
tablished to commemorate the fate of the
hunter of Lebanon; and the ceremony wu
celebrated with all the disorder of real affec-
tion. The women, clothed in mourning dresKS,
uttered doleful cries as the]|r passed along, beat
their breasts, and gave theur dishevelled locks
to the wind. An image vras borne by the
crowd, and this imaffe represented a youth who
had expired in the flower of his age. FunenI
hymns resounded on every side. The season
was that at which the sun, after the autumnal
equinox, had descended to the lower hemi-
sflhere, and when the yellow leaves had already
withered on Uie half-naked boughs. The face
of Nature is then overcast with gloom ; each
day comes later, each night comes sooner, and
the approach of winter is heralded by the
storms of autunm, that blight the gardens and
denude the forests. It is then, too, that the
imagination of man is almost always com*
pelleid to compare the march of the year with
the progress of life ; that youth itself oftui
casts an anxious look towaros the fhtnre ; and
that age reflects on what has been, and medi-
tates, or ought to meditate, en what must be.
The anciente, less artificial than the modems,
were mere impressed with the appeanmoe oi
Nature than we are. They mourned the ima-
^joBij death of the Sun, the God of Naturt
in the not less fictitious death of Adonis. II
was remarked by the Phoenicians that thi
stream, called now Nahr Ibrahim, near whicl
the fabled hunter of Lebamon wis slain, be<
came annually of a red colour at the aeasoi
when the festival was celebrated in his honour
and the people were pleased with the flg:men
when the mytholoj^isis foiled that the rive
had receivea its cnmson tmt, not from the re
earth washed down from the hilla by th
autumnal rains, but from the blood whicl
yearly flowed frx^m the wound of the lamente
Adonis. The season was felt by the childre
of Nature to be congenial with sorrow, an
they were pleased with a fiction which fed an
indulged for the moment the grief that the
desired should be only transient Thoa th
Phsenicians, daring the Ivgae of many age
continued to mourUy at a certain season, it
death of Adonis : nor was Adonis any oth<
than a personification of the Sun, the God <
Nature.
^'ij
(173)
z:
JuJbj ttM, Abetinent, temperatei Few,
small, narrow. J^^JuJbi, Eating little.
^jj ujfji, A drees, habit, form. The
ob j w/ydtf An oil merchant
s j\jj w/ddat, Augmentation, increase,
snipliu, addition. jIj'j Jkl^l Jjj aJ^
^tj&ft^ xjjj ^U^, The boy ceased
Qot, vith increase 0/ age, to increase in beauty
and loTElinee nnlal he became fifteen yean of
Bge; and he was incomparable in his perfect
beauty and his stature, and in his justness of
fom sad shape.
i/ij n^aratf A visit, a pilgrimage.
hkji} ^ ^y J u^> c;^> We
tre fomg to return his Tisit.
J-J j libak, Qaicksilyer.
^J taift (pL CJjij), OU.
jCjj sayiitn, Olives. Zayt^natf An
otive-tree, ind olire. The oliye-tree crows at
Aauoch, Idlih, Bdrut, Ramla, and in all
S]fiia, to the height of the beech.
^j siy, An astronomical table, or a
book containing aatronomieal tables.
ijj wfi^ Being augmented. Increasing,
addioff. Augmentation. A fictitious name
(as Job Nokes or Thomas Stiles, etc.).
«^j 11^0, It isincreased ; andimperatively.
jjjjjjj. Hay his fortune or rank be
adTueed (applied to a man in. an inferior
oSee or s^le of life) ; to those of a superior
station they use aSs^Siy May his
f^ xnereate; to a cadi or judge they say
^^^^j^ May his learning or ezcel-
1*9 he exalted ; and to those in a religious
line i\^ jj j , May his pietybe promoted.
>j9JL) ^"i^f^n^ The barren jujube-tree.
di) MfJi, Adorning. An ornament.
^ ms fudm the son is always handsome.
^j tino/. An ornament, decoration,
tatt. ijjJ^ >»jj, A rejoicing or gala
day, a festival. ijjJ|^ ^^ V\ l^lSli
h'^^JIV^^ ^^ L5^ H^.^ (^^^ ^^^ ^*^^*
They continued the rejoicings and the public
festivities, the illuminations and the decora-
tions, for a period of seven days, in the utmost
happiness.
^t^ ; Elwdn, A kind of tare or darnel
growing amongst wheat, having a black grain
which causes inebriety and madnc
less.
(ja
fjM tun. The twelfth letter of the Arabic
alphabet. In arithmetic it denotes 60, and in
almanacs is the character for the sun, in hia
sixth aspect.
^L» sdUhj Swimming. A swimmer.
«^Ld B&hi^ (mase.), The seventh.
UjL> »&bi^nt In the seventh place.
^L»«a^»^A,Complete,ample,full,profuse«
fjA^ s&hik (fem. ^L)), part., Past,
preceding, going or gone before. Before in
point of time. A prSeoessor. A conqueros,
one who surpasses or excels. Before-men-
tioned, above-named. J^LJ^ e^^j*
Time past. U;Li, Before this, in
past times, formerly, anciently. liuLi
\3^i^ adbtkan wa Idhikan, Before and
after.
^L> adbtkat, The past, ancient right or
custom. A former act of crime, former con-
viction. Antecedent.
^^L» sdbiJI^n (pi. obi.), Predecessors.
JL idtiff part.. Covering, hiding.
-.L» idjf Ebony. The sabine-tree. Indian
plantain. ^^^' ^^^^ ^yj^ \^iLs
,\SJL^
And when they deter-
(174)
(^'
mined to go ont, they saw there a door of saj
(or Indian saka), inlaid with iror^ and ebonj,
and adorned with plates of hrilliant gold, in
the midst of that palace. Orer it was hnng a
cnrtain of silk worked with Tarioos kinds of
embroidery, and upon it were locks of silver
to be opened by artifice, without a key.
^-Ls idjid, Prostrate in adoration. One
who prostrates.
»-L» fahat or 9€Lhah (pi. c:.^l>-L>), A
oonrt, a onadrangle, a piazza, the inner part
of a builaing.
Li 9dhir (fem. S^La »&hirat\ An
enchanter, a msgicktt^ a necromancer, a &»-
cinator, a sorcerer. [bmiser.
Li sahik. One who brays or beats, a
J»>L) mhil^ The shore or sea-coast.
j^\i I wish to live in a town situated
on the sea^coast. (JL^a ^J \j^
A
-/-
'^^
11
Bolyed that affair, and having taken f6rth
from my money a large sum, I purchased with
it eoods and merchandise suitable for traTel,
and packed them up. Then I went to the coast.
^^Lj Bakhin (fem. i^L»), Warm.
CL^IjL) saddty Lords (especially the
descendants of Mahomet). C^l jLJI 1^1
A/^\ aiyyuhu asidddt al-kardm, Most
noble lords and gentlemen. 1^-aJ— rl
Know, noble gentlemen, that my fii&er was one
of the chief merchants of Bagoad ; and God,
whose name be ezalted, blessed him with no
son but myself.
j^jL Bddis (fem. LjjL), The sixth.
LiJLi tddiMn, In the sixth place.
IT jLt sadah, Pure, unmixed, simple. Plain.
jL) 8drr, Bendering cheerful. jL^i
gji^ Happy tidings.
-jL» sdrih (fem. A>.jL), part. (Cattle)
pasturing freely.
jjL BdrA (fem. ^U), A thief.
^^jL idrt^h (pi. i^j^^ sawdrikhX A
rocket A sky-rocket.
(j^Ls sdri. Passing, penetrating, per-
vading, flowing. Infecting, contagious.
^LiLi Sd$dn, Sasan is frequentlj
alluded to in the Makamat, called the Sasa-
nite, as the prince of heggazs. He was the
eldest son of the king of a district of TTestem
Persia, who was disinherited by his father in
faTour of a daughter and her posterity ; and
being exceedin^Y disgusted thereby. Joined
the Kurdish shepherds and lired the life of a
beggar. Hence he was called the prince of
mendicants, and of all those who pretend
blindness, lameness,' deafness, ete., a&d lead or
are led by dogs and monkeys^ k^\
thou, by Grod*s grace, art my hei^ apparent,
and my successor aa chief of the tribe of
Sasan. Now one like thee should nerer beinj
imbecility, nor re<{nire counsel from tilie arte
of divination ; but is sailed by his station to
give advice to others, and destined to polish
uie minds of his countrymen. I will there-
fore bestow on thee such partinf eounsel as:
Seth gave not to the Anbath, nor Jacob to the
tribes. * f*^^j ^^yF ^Hj^^j^^^
ur*
U ^Uft ^^
♦^UL
* ^LmII iL^ ^^, Then Abou-Zaid
roused himself, and said with a smile, Who^
ever is like his father is not an unreasonabU
imitator. Hareth ibn Hammam said : I am
told that when the tribe of Sasan heard thi^
excellent charge, they regarded it as superior
to those of Lokman, ana learnt it by he&ri
like the first chapter of tha Koran $ md U
d/L
(173)
this dij eoQiider it the hesi lesson for their
cbfldren, aod more yaluable to them than a
gift of pare gold.
i^L Mtih, part Expanding, he who
expudi (the euth), God.
%ioL tati^, part. Exalted, raised, Dif-
foaed, eprad. Shining, blight, dear, evident.
jy!\ vtLy Laminous, resplendent.
jJtL idt^Tf A large batcher's knife.
isL id^at (pi. of CL^ULs), An hour,
a watoh, a clock. AcUJl, The hoar
of leBiirrectioa. ieX^, In a little
time. is\^ jju ffrp \jj^ j*^ cP^
kti Ukdir an tarja^ ha^ ta^h^ Can you
return after an hoar? ^JicLo sA^^jlar.!
JULl! a%tayt ad^o^l Us»&^dt%i I gave
my watch to the watchmaker. ^LJ!
oUL «j>j1 vr-*'^ (usd^h dahkat
^hi, td^dt, The clock has struck fbur.
C!W1 i£\J\ ^ \>' jd-a fl as8d^t
«fidAiwA,Hecameatthreeo'clock, cLj
oUL hayydc, uLcdt, One who sells
watAo.
*x^Li td^idf The arm from the wrist to
tbedbow.
^L icT^l, part Endeavouring, labotti^
'iag, stodioQfl, indigent Diligent, laborious.
A meaienger, a courier. A calumniator.
J-fciJU ,<*Li, A labourer in iniquity,
» malignant deiamer.
,^w idJU, The inferior part. Mean.
Low, rile.
J'- 9dk, The leg. The trunk of a tree,
tb ftilk of a herb. [ing sickness.
i«'^idiiV,FaUing. LJL,^, The fall-
o«4 idlfl', A water-carrier, a cup-bearer.
<yLi tdUfgi^ A rirer, a canal, a trench.
V^*^ idkib, part. Flowing ' (blood,
^■^-^ fdHt, Silent, quiet.
^jv w t&km, One who dwells, lives, in-
"•4Bl^dweffing,liri.ng,inhabiting. Quiet,peace*
able, ledate, firm, fixed. i/yUJl^l
^L
* JaO uJ^ j^fc) ^l-» Jili , Consider
what thou beholdest, 0 man, and be on thy
guard before thou departest; and prepare
prorisionB from thy good actions that thou
mayest enjoy them ; for every dweller in a
house should leave it and depart.
u^L) idlih, part. Seizing, ravishing,
carrying off by violence, plundering.
(^Li sdlif(fem. lULi), A predecessor.
^ jtll h^Ls, Above-mentioned.
Ci3Li sdlik, One who treads a path,
follows a road or example.
«d/im, Safe, free, entire, perfect.
■a
ijL^^jjLA\ JU^ 4.^^ f~J ^^J^J
USL) vlJUl ^^1, And but a. short
time had elapsed when the sea was agitated
and disturbed, and the uncle of the little one
came forth from it, having with him the king's
Bon safe.
f\mi Sdm, The son of Noah. Poisonous ;
the poisonous wind of the desert.
^L> 8dmih, Liberal, affable, gentle.
j^^Ls idmir, part. One who converses at
night, especially by moonlight ; the place where
such conversations are held; also the people
assembled.
iF^Li Sdmra, Samaria. lSj^^ Sdmri,
Samaritan. Nablous, or Neapolis (new town),
the Shechem of the Old Testament, and the
Sjchar of the New, one of the oldest cities of
Palestine, and once the capital of Samarin, has
still a few Samaritans who worship God upon
this mountain and retain the £uth of their
fathers. They are strict in their attention to
such parts of the Law as they acknowledge,
and expect a Messiah. They suppose that
there are many Samaritans in England and
other parts of Europe. The ancient Samaria,
the imperial city of the ten tribes, stands on
the eastern slope of a fine large insulated hill,
and in the centre of a highly-cultivated valle;^.
The present village, prunounoed Sabouste, is
small, and its inhabitants poor.
«^L} 8dmi^ (fem. ^U^L)), part. Hear-
ing. An auditor. A hearer.
4Ux^L) sdmi^iyah, The hearing faculty,
the hearing power, hearing. [alted.
^^L) 9dml (fem. ^Us), Sublime, ex-
(176)
^L sdhir (fern. ^L>), Vigilant
_JfcLa sdhi, Negligent, careless.
4jLi 9&'%bat, Set at liberty, as a slave ;
or as a she-camel in obedience to a tow, or in
consequence of having been delivered of ten
female colts, when she immediately receives a
dispensation from all further labour.
JU sdyVf The whole. Walking, going,
travelling, wandering. yidJSf ^f.j^ ^^
* ji^ i^j^ ^ c£^\ js>rj: ^J^\
^Ijj ^LJiUSl ^^Liar, And when
they drew near to the royal palace, the kipe
dismounted to wait upon nis son ; and he and
all the princes and the lords of the empire
were his cresset-bearers (bearing on their
shoulders, each in his tnni, an embroidered
saddle-cover called gashiyah).
^^L) tdis, A master of horse, an eqnerry,
a groom.
^\S»dyk, part. Stimulating, instigating,
impelling, driving, forcing, compelling.
JjL) sdd, part. Asking, interrogating.
A beggar. Flowing, fluid. ^\ JjLa
c-wiT*)! He who asks of God will not
• •• "
be disappointed.
4IJL.I 9ubdi, Sleep, lethargy.
-.lLi sabhdh, (pi. tuhhdh), A swimmer.
^Lmi sabdhat, Swimming, natation.
LLmi mbdi, A Syro-Macedonian month
(February).
c[^ aibd^, Wild beasts, beasts of prey.
IjLmi $abdf/d, Captives, slaves.
CXLm) Bohdyih^ Ingots (of gold and
silver).
k,, >i<i..i sabah^ Cause, reason, motive, ar-
gument, mean, medium, instrument.
\:^lfi \j:j\ ^ u^^-wJl «^=^, As I
should be the cause of your separation, like as
I was the cause of your separation from us.
u:,-w»rf »ahtf The Sabbath. Saturday.
,^ 9ahh, Swimming.
^l^UiMi^Adn, Praising, glorifying (God).
4^\ ^l^U} subhdnaUa, May God be
praised! ^\ju^ Sj\:^\»^ ^J^V al hak
aubhanahu wa ia^ala\ God the Very Truth,
to whom be praise, and whose name be ex*
alted ! ijyA\ xdJb jJU- (J^^ J^
^ jj ^^ , And then he said, Praised
be the Creator of this gurprisinff form ! He is
the Creator of everything, and neis almighty.
c:^tjiLiMi suhtawdt (s. p. used in Arabic),
Any green vegetable for the table.
]a0^ 8tbt, A tribe (of Israelites).
wmi sah^ (fem.). Seven. Sub^, The
seventh part. ^^ iob^, A lion. Uj^J
J^l ^-'W'^' -^^ while he wa<
journeying on through tbe deserts and wastes
there came forth upon him a lion, whose nee)
was closely covered with hair ; and his heac
was as large as a cupola, and his mouth widei
than a door, and his teeth were like the tosh
of the elephant.
Am^ ioh^i (masc.). Seven.
Z>Ut ■■■■■» tah^mdffot, Seven hundred.
^y^ iub^nna (obi. ^^t^ MohcJn)^
Seventy.
iobk, Preceding, excelling, out
stripping, surpassing, overcoming. Goin|
before. ^}f^\^, The above-mentioned
LC«rf sahk, Melting, casting, pouring
jj^ ^..A^ aabk wa rabt, The orde
and construction of phrases.
^jX".Cmt Sahuktagln, The name of ]
brave general (and the father of Sultan Mah
mud, rounder of the dynasty of the Gamer idj
who flourished in the beginning of the elerent]
century).
jj^ iulndf Ways. Institutions.
_«M) %aby or 9aha\ Making a slave
''taking prisoner.
Kji...i iahikat, A mass, ingot, bar, ol
lamina of gold or silver.
J^
(177)
J;^ M^( A waj, road, paih. A mode,
a mmner. A Imildiiig where caps of water
are kept readyfor thirsty passera-by. IjI
J^mJI ib naissabll, Trarellers, passers-
by. J1IJ--W J, Inthewayof Gk)d.
1^1 J_J1 ^ Ji^ ^^\j ^^^
SoQ ii mj (home) natiye coimtry ; but how
cm I resort Uuther, seeing that the enemy have
Ktded in it, tad oommittod rarages upon it.
n^ (or 6:^\ Six. 2r JL&
Sixteen. ^
jLi M^f (An attribate of God), cover-
ug; as cj|^f jlLi, Hiding sins
(«*»{? i Tefl of mercy OTer them).
4-irf Jitttf^, Six. ^^M^ is*j, Sixteen.
j^ Miff Coyering, veiling, suppressing.
ij^ iuirai, Anything which covers or
^ defeadi, u a reil, a shield, a wall, etc.
•^U^ HHamdyat, Six hundred, ^y^
wtttbw (obL ^^;-s^), Sixty.
^ JtVft, My lady ! madam ! A lady,
'anutttm.
^"^^ tf^'adahf A carpet or mat on which
the Habometsiis prostrate themselyes when at
pnyer.
\j^ Mffdji, The keeper of a prison.
^^ $»idat or safdah (pi. t:j\jLc-»),
An Kt of adoration, an inclination or prostra-
uoo, with ibt forehead touching the ground.
r" ^ (pi. jUr»*. for js:^ ihqfar), A
^' Trees in general, and pine-trees espe-
cuUjf hsTe a beneficial effect on the air and
bimase of a oountiT. £xi>erience has always
shown that nunj places which were unhealthy
^Md to be so as soon as fir-trees were
^^^ The inhabitants of Mount Lebanon,
^ n« not systematical philosophers, have
B^ the inne obeerration respectmg seyeral
warwtB tnd localities : they nave even ob-
"^ that lince the heights have been covered
J^pines, tile waters of several springs have
^*>oaK more abundant and more nlubrious.
*^«ff«, Being corrapted, changed,
^«W (water). A crowd, tumult, mob.
t^ ^\f Rhyming of the ends of
■"■^ of a proee phrase.
J^ *9^f A register, the record of a
oovt of in£cstare, the decree of a judge, the
minute or attestation of a notary. Tables of
laws, public acts.
sajn, Imprisoning. A prison.
Jj^ si^'ud, Adoration. To adore, to
prostrate. (JDSsr* Lf^t CLjJaj UJi
juJ\jy;«Ji ^^ifei'^jji y i^ uJ
^Jk5j- a\ ,c***3l , At the sight of her I
prostrated myself in adoration of her Creator
for the fairness and beauty which He had dis-
played in her person, and she, looking towards
me, said, Who art thou P a man or a Jennee P
^^jsr* iujun, Prisons, dungeons.
^Ljsr* it^'iyai, Disposition, temper, nature,
habit, manner, constitution.
c-jW-» iahdh, A cloud. c-jUt'I^II
c^Klt -.LJ , The harking of dogs does
not injure the clouds.
jlsr> sahhdr, An enchanter, a magician,
a necromancer, a fascinator. ij\^
sahharat, A female enchanter, a witch.
c--^ls»^ sah&yh (pL of Llar^), Clouds.
sahar, The crepusde, twilight, dawn.
JuJ\ ^ v-f JJ' J^' J^ u%, The
M
king then arose from bed at the first dawn of
day, took off his clothes, unsheathed his sword,
and went to the place where the negro was lying.
sihr or sahr, Magic, enchantment,
fascination, witchcraft, sorcery, necromancy.
\t^\:^\ , In his look was such a fascina-
tion that had Harut seen hb performance, he
might have looked upon him as the master of
fascination. * , . iLJJ \
t^
I
g.gT'^^M J-J '' ^y^ t And persuade
by the glozing of the tongue, and deceive by the
magic of eloquence ; examine the state of a
market before taking thy wares to it, and coax
12
1
1ju>
(178)
\
a ibe-oamel'i teat before attempting to milk
it; inquire about a meadow before seeking
pasture in it, and smooth a place for thy side
before lying down.
aaharai, MagioianB. <Uji«flH 2rjJb ^\
IjI^j 5^j iJU-^ Cj\ Uj;\ dXL*
IJ^jLj I^Ul^ ^\yc\^ L\jbj\^, ThiB
damsel is the daughter of one of the great
kings, and her father possesses men, Jan, en-
chanters, diviners, tribes, guards, regions, and
cities.
Mhk, Breaking, tearing, rubbing,
bruising, pulverizing. To pound, bruise, grind,
triturate.
eahanat, External form.
j^sr^ MhUr, The meal or flour of which
the Mahometans eat a littie before dawn during
the month of JRamadan^ to enable them to ftst
till night.
Ur^ 9dkhd (and ij^Js^), Being liberal,
munificent. libendity, generosity.
JLilsr* iokhdfatt Softness, weakness.
i^Jsr^ Bahhawatf Liberality.
^Ls-sr* iakhtiydn, Morocco leather.
ijsr'mkhrat or iukhrah, Any ship, cattle,
etc., pressed into the king's service without
freight or hire. Whatever is done gratis,
either from courtesy or compulsion.
)2kr' sakhat, Indignation, disdain. The
wrath of Ood.
V— fl.^ »akh/, .Being weak in intellect.
Being soft. Imbecility of intellect, deficiency
of judgment.
^^^i^ iukhn, Warm.
ijysr^ iakhUfu^y Being warm. Being hot
or infiamed with fever.
aakhff, Liberal, generous.
sakhlf, Weak in understanding.
. A foolish man. Thin, of a thin texture.
Jui tadd, Ad obstruction, anything block-
ing up, barring, or preventing a passaee, as a
mountain, barrier, rortiflcation, mouna, bank,
wall, rampart, ditch, impediment. To stop up
(a hole), to block up (the way), to shut (a gatej,
to arrest, impede, obstruct, etc. To shut, lock,
or bolt a door. Sudd, A mountain, a bar, etc.
^i^t Jui 9addh, The herb rue.
i\j^ ioddi (or \xa), The woof.
J^ Jb«» $addd, Eectitude, the way of tnitk
or salvation. Prosperity, happiness. FirmneA
if Ju* 9uddat, A court, a yestibule, a gate,
a threshold.
t}Xa tadad, Well-directed (action <■
(speech), accomplishing any object hspptlfJ
A good, successfiil, or well-direoted plan.
jj^ iidr (or ijJ^, pL iZj\jX^), A bts-
tree, t^f^^ ^;«^i A tree ia Pan*
dise. The heavenly mansion of the sogd
GabrieL
(jmJu«i iwh, The sixth part.
A^Jus Sadarn, Sodom.
(^Jurf sada\ The woof of cloth.
Jj Jui iadidf Bight, well-directed, sala-
tary.
^ ttVr, A secret, a mystery, a sacrament
^^1^ L^U\j iLs^U^ u:^U jli A
No one keeps a secret but a faithful person
with the bttt of mankind it remaineth con^
oealed. A secret is with me as a boose wit)
a lock whose key is lost, and whose door i
sealed.
1^ itrran, Secretly, mysteriously, dan
destinely. ijlc^L^j (or ]j^}\;^]
Privately and pubUcIy.
u^Lmi Btrdh or tardh, A vapour resen
blin^ the sea at a distance, formed by the n
flection of the sun*s meridian rays upon ti
sorfiBUM of sandy plains. The mirage is tl
well-known illusion in the Arabian desei
arising from unequal rarefiiction and refracti(
of air, which produces in the open count
before and behmd the traveller the appearan
of a lake of water, when there is really nothii
there but dry and hot soil. This word
evidentiy the same as the Hebrew 1*
which occurs twice in the prophecy of Isaii
cL^UJl, As though it (the worl
were the mirage of the plain, which the thii
imagine to be water : the Devil adometli
for man until death.
^\^ tardj, A lamp, lantfaom, lamina:
candle. ^1^ sarrdj) A saddler.
(179)
JLr*
;^t^ MTdltary A master of the hone,
cqoaij, giooBy hooe-bieaker.
Jjt^ Mrd<A%, The cartain before the
^ of a house or teat Dust whirled np into
^ Br, and enrelopiiig anything.
i^j\j^nrdri, Concahiaw. CCli^lJI^^
uAjJI , Bat had not thy heart loved
me, ud hadat tiiou not preferred me ahoye all
tbr eoseabinea, I ahonfd not hare remained
vuh tfaae one honr, for I ahonld hare cast
mvieif into the aea from thia window !
jt^ mrdJty Thieves. Sarrak, Thief.
w^*xJ1^ Sarffndih, Ceylon. Ifaroo
Polo obserrea that the island of Ceylon pro-
dnees more beantifiil and ralnable mbiea than
an fcnmd in any other part of the world ; and
hiewises^hirea, topaxea, amethyata, gameta,
^ many other predoua and coatly atonea.
fiis kamed trandator, Mr. Marsden, adds :
** Hr. Cordiner ennmeratea, aa the production
of CerloD, the ruby, emerald, topaz, amethyat,
Bpptare^ eat* a-eye or opal, cinnamon-atone or
g>niet, agate, aardonyx, and some othera."
Ancient anthora alao give aimilar accounta of
the natoral riches of this island, called by
tlttin"Taprobane."
^SJ^ 9ardy^ A palace, grand edifice,
^ king's eonrt, aeraglio. [commnnication.
^Ir* *^^y^t Contagion, a contagions
jU Mrdyr, Secrets.
^-i-^y-i iorhiui, Free, at liberty.
^r* *^ (pL -rX/^ ««'^')» ^ saddle.
^/- tark. Allowing to roam, setting free.
i^\j^ tirddh, A grotto, a passage nnder-
gnwnd. ^j^^jS^^\ ^i^ ^^\Ai
<^ C^ ^ fj^\ JU, ^xj
^ vhcB ha hcaid my words, he laid hold of
Bj httd, and aaad. Come with me. I went
*ttk bnn, and he deacended with me into a
SnttabeneaOi the earth.
J ^j^ ividr, A general, field-marshal,
■ <«ttr of rmk, a loBg'B lieoleiuuit, chief in
•ay dcpartaiail,
^'^j- iintar. The keeper of a secret.
^Usyij sartdn, A crab. The zodiacal
sijgn Cancer. A aore, a cancer or canker. A
dueaae incident to the feet of cattle.
^j^ 9ur^t, Haste, expedition, fe^
bitur^in, Quickly.
sar^kar, A general, commander.
ioraf, Exceeding bounds, being
prodigal.
,J^ sarak, To steal. dJj^, Stealing,
theft. <iLJ^, By stealth.
j^-Jl^ sirkdtahl, A secretary.
A^j^ 9urm, The intestine which commu-
nioatea with the anus.
Jy^j»a Bormad, Eternal, perpetual, ever-
lasting. \x^j^ iormadan, Eternally,
for ever. ^^S^9^ sarmadi, Eternal.
^Jt!^J^ Sdrmln, Aconsiderable village, tea
houra and a half from Aleppo, on the road to
Hamah and Damascus.
5^j^ aarwat, The cypress-tree.
^^^ auruj (pi. of '^j^), Saddles.
^j^ywA SerUj, A town in Mesopotamia,
which was much exposed to the ravages of the
Greeks, who bein^ at that time masters of
Conatantinople, ana in posaeasion of Asia Minor,
used to make incursions upon the Moalemin.
jjj^ ntrUr, Joy, cheerfulness, delight,
3 Ju^,
pleasure, contentment.
I haye repented on account of our disunion
with a repentance that has made tears to
flow from my eyee ; and I tow that if for-
tune should reunite us, I wiU neyer again
mention a new separation. And I would say
to the enyiers, Die ye with regret : by heaven,
I hare now attained the object of my desire
and wish ! Joy has oyerwhelmed me to such
a degree that oy its exoeaa it baa made me
•A**
(180)
yu-
weep. 0 eye, how has weeping become thj
habit? Thoa weepest in joy as well aa in
Borrow!
i^j^ sirrl, SaorecL Mysterioas, kept in
secret. [or Syriae.
^Ij^ Surydn, Syrians. ij\ij>^ » Syrian
hj^ surriyat, A concubine. u.XUf ^^^ fi
i5U.
Ijltj jW ^U
\
^JUj Jl^ <LjUi^ <U^ ^t«^ ^li<^l>4i><
Aitf^^j <djJ^l^l ^ yb, Then the
king brought ont a hundred conisers, and a
hundred dromedaries, and a hundred mamluks,
and a hundred concubine slaTcs, and a hundred
male black slayes, and a hundred female slayes,
and he caused them to ^o before him as a
present ; and he rode with the lords of his
empire and his ojficen.
J^ tarir, A throne, an ornamental 80&
or couch. Cm^\ a!A j-ij»a ^ /*li aJ
liu^ <^^^^ ij^ aCmAjI, Come up
quickly into the ship, hasten to embark, and
leave your effects, and flee with your livesy and
save yourselves from destruction quickly.
Wi\ ^j^\j 'UJl J^, Then he
rose from the throne of the kingdom, and went
in to his mother, having upon his head the
crown, and resembling the moon ; and when his
mother saw him, she rose to meet him and kissed
him, and con^tulated him oi^ his elevation
to the high dignity of sultan ; and she offered
up a prayer in favour of him and his father
for the prolonging of their lives, and for victory
over their enemies.
iflj^ 9arirat, A secret, a mystery.
iJSjjlj^a, And thou challengest by
tiiy rebellion Him who grasps thy forelock ;
and thou offendest by thy vicious conduct Him
who knows thy most secret thought
ju^ tari^, Quick, nimble, ready, swift,
making haste. ^[^, Swiftly, with
the greatest expedition. L«l^tj t y^f
^^^ sath, A flat rool^ a platform. A
surfEue, superficies, i^f^^*^ ^^ m^
miMtoc^Z, A plane surface. jJJcju*^^^
$ath muMitdir^ A globular surface.
Ja^ iatr, A line of writing, a line drawn
on which to write straight.
L^ijau^ nUitrldb, An astrolabe (Greek).
Jla^a sail, A brass kettle. A Teasel with
one handle, used in baths, to pour water on the
bathers. A large bucket.
^Ismi 9aiw, Making an attack, assaulting,
overpowering, ijb^, Dominion, ma-
jesty, power, authority, awfiilness.
^^tu^ ^f Thou knowest that my
fiEither is a great kinff , and that all the kin^
of the Jan are terxiled at him and feel hu
awAil power!
jjb^ iutur, Lines. Beeja^,
ij\ju» ia^dat, Felicity, happiness, beati-
tude, good fortune, prosperity. A^«>U^
ta^idatkumy Tour Excellency.
£)1jua st^ffat, Calumny, accusatioa.
Sjui it^, Amplitude, capacity.
dj^ sa^, Felicity, happiness, prosperity,
A fortunate awpect of the stars, espedaUy tei
stars, of which rour make the twelfth, thirteenth
fourteenth, and fifteenth mansions of the moon
U-^j^^ ^U; ^^^Ul ^3li U^U
we set sail by the permission of Qod, who»
name be exalted! Fortune served na, Bik.\
destiny aided us, and we ceased not to ptoae
cute our voyage until we arrived in aafety.
jtui ti^r, A price, rate, course. Th
current price of any commodity in the markei
ZJjcm* M^aliU, A oongh.
J^juj su^nd, FeHcity, good fortune
Happy, &Toiirable^ propitioiu.
(181)
JjLi
]efa W^i^ Smiif.
^ m-^fff An endesTonTy purpose, in-
ta&m, mkgpmf dengn, effozl IHUgenoe,
ate, UxNir.
Okju M^ii, Fortanate, happy. JuJuJl
ijJti\i£^^, He 18 happy who is
to^ bjAe example of aaothsr. |ldoL
j^ M^ir, A flaming fire. An Arabian
Jl* i^k, A shedder of blood, a tyrant.
Ok fk« vocdB are poirerfiiL The anrnaaie
of tkeilnt khalif of tiie home of Abbaa.
ij*A^ v^aret^ An embassy, legation,
BHBoa. AmbaBadonbip.
lAL m^ Bloodthirsty, sangninary.
1 ikddcr of Uood. [dition.
4JlLt t^Mf Lowness of rank and eon-
^Urf«/&ils^, Stupidity, folly, insolence.
laapidify. Za12«i, Foolishly, sancily,
petBlsBtlj.
j^UrfM^y»(pL of4 VjBmi), Ships, boats.
^ M^sA, A bill or letter of ex-
ciange, bai^s note.
^ w^ The foot of a mountain.
/^ w/or, A journey, voyagei travelling,
s^tbg out on a warlike expedition.
V>^1^f Travel; then wilt find a
^oaA. in flie plaoe of him thoa leaTeat : and
^^ tiiyidi; for hj labour are the sweeta
of Bfe obtained. fTo a man of intelligence
aid edaatini) there is no glory in a constant
''■^att; therefore qnh thy natiye place and
/* ^ht A written book, a Tolnme.
>- J0r (pL of iju^), Tables.
/^ <>/ara (pL of ^^^), Ambassadon.
l*^*^^ A table (especially a eircalar
"^ tf IcaUier, whidi trarellen ipread npon
^Snaad; when on the road, it ia contracted
^ttM roimd the edgea into the form of a
*iu^£v eurying proTinona, etc.)- A table,
^M, a towd. Anything on or in which
^1^4 tte placed. ^a/r0A,AToyage,jonniey.
^ ^ ^r^ U-Xii 1^ jj uii
Ji-» ^ ii^\j Uj, And when they
came to ns, tiiey aaloted me, andconaratulated
me on my ufety, and took me with them ; and
I acquainted them with my story, and what I
had Boffered on the voyage.
XIp-Jmi sa/arfalatf A quince.
AVi.>>g..i MfiaUU, Anything bad, or trifling.
An argument (especially sophistical].
ijJiLi iafk. Effusion, as ^cli\ CjU^, The
effusion of blood.
^Xi^ iufll, Mean, inferior, low.
J^ tufun (pi. of iiJu)f Ships.
tafanfatf A sponge.
iufyf, (A medicine) taken simply
(not mixed), or dry (in opposition to an elec-
tuary). Powder, aost.
^^ safahf Folly, stupidity, imprudencei
rashness, caprice, inconstancy. ^ JUi
IsuJ^^^ i^Si\ Xii , And he said : I
entreat tiiee br God that then be not sn^jry
with me ; for ntififae and trouble, and paucity
of what the hand possesses, teach a man ill
manners and impertinence.
\^L» sufahd (pL of ^UA^)» Impertinent
MafiTf An ambassador, internuncio,
mediator, arbiter.
iofinat, A ship, vessel, bark, boat
I, The ark of Noah.
iUAnj iofih (fem. I^Jl^, pl- ^^W***)*
Imprudent. Impertinent, impudent, insolent,
petulant, saucy, licentious, extrayagant.
ILi sakkd, A carrier or yendor of water.
A cup-bearer.
LIL» ioikdt, The bolt or bar of a door.
a\L^ iokdmf (or ^\aJ), Sickness, in«
' firmity.
jLa iaJkar, Hell, j^j^t HeU-fire.
$akif Abortive. Sakat, Anything of
a base or useless nature ; merchandise of a
C' hable ouality, either spoilt or spoiling,
e, mutilated.
Mif (pl. i^yL»)f A roof.
i\AjLi Saklahdhf The Sdavonians, sup-
posed by the Arabians to be descended from
Beclab, a son of Japhet. Under this name,
howcTer, the Mahometans often comprehend
*L,
(182)
flie Seniaoa, Bokarimfl, Moenaaa, Thzuiaai,
AnMuuans, M aeeaonumi, and the inhabitaiitB
of the norUiem p«rti of Gneoe.
JLi mkum. Sickness, infimiity. c,.^c^
J^ ^j^^^J^y The lover, when his
belored M^epumted fivm him, is absorbed in
lonrow and afflictioii : withn and wiAoiit him
a diaeaae is bimiiif : his beciimiiig is reraem-
branoe, and his end is fhon^itfma reflection.
jf^feAni 9akangh(tr (t. t. nsed in Azabio),
A square or half square piece of moslin, used
as an enrelope for letters md offidal papen.
Square mnahn.
i^^ 9ukia^ A &11, a slip, a tamhle.
^Jl^ taJlam, Sick, infirm.
^^ULs takdkin (pi. of ^^^S^), Knives.
^\L^ 8uHdn, Ix^bitants. ^L> yb ^
CS\:Jb tnan ha «dibn hun&k. Who lives
IhmP
^S^ $akb^ Fonring out (water), flowing.
Jjj^t ILa iiiktU al ^UuM, A railway.
Syria and Mesopotamia, which, ivitii tiie ex-
ception of Alexandretta in the sommer, have
the purest air in the world, are happily sitn-
ated, between two extremities — the cold of
England and the heat of India ; and possess all
the eomforts, all the attraotions, and all the
enjoyments of a happy and hi^dy ciTilized
life. The settlers, with the meat, game, and
the ^lendid findts of Aleppo and Snedia, will
drink the eomanderia wine of Cypms, and the
yino d'oro of Monnt Lebanon; with the
beantiM fish of Alexandretta, they will enjoy
those of the Euphrates and of tne Orontos.
With the tobacco of Jibail and Latakia, they
will smoke the splendid tombac of Shiiaz in
Persia. With the magnifioeat orangiBS, peaohea,
apricots, and bananas of Jaffa, Tripoli, and
Ba^da, they will enjoy the grapes and other
frnite of Snedia, which are proTcroial for thdr
smell, taste, and beanty. When the railway
is completed, game will be eonyeyed from one
extremity of the world to the other. Bendes, the
settlers will enjoy themineralwater8,theseaand
Turkish bathing, hunting, shootine, fowling,
angling, driving, riding on horseback, racing by
land and water, and excursions and pic«nics in
every direction on the banks of the Onmtes, the
Eupfirates, Aleppo, Alexandretta, Beylan,
Antiocb, Suedia, Arsus, the Grove of Daphne,
and BO many other places which are too nume*
rous to be mentioned here; but so beantiftd
as to charm and delight the visitor, and make
him wish to be the inhabitant of either of
them.— Extract from *'The Syro-Hesopo-
tamian Bailway."
S^ Mtat, A die for coins. See itHt.
J^ iakoTf Shutting (the •eyes, a door,
etc). Danuning up (a river, etc.). Sukr,
Being intoxieatad. SiJbr or wAr, Dmken-
ness. Stiff A mound or dyke for confining
water. /-,«««.. Sugar. ^^L..
Sugar-candy.
iZj\J^ iolardt, Agony, fainting. lZj\^
(^y^\f The agony of death.
i^yLd iottdn (pi. v/jlCi), Dmnk.
^L:iL> sakinai, A habitation. Quiet, con-
ttancy, finnness.
ul^jL^ tuJtai, Being quiet, tadtam.
Stihkt. Siloioe. Ijlyr ci;/Jf ^\^ \^j
rtMtma kan a$iukiUJawabim, Silence is often
an answer.
^^^ iukan, Tnmqnillity, rest, quiet
Firmness, constancy. The quiescent state <^ a
consonant, or the not beug Ibllowied by a
vowel in the same syllable.
ijt/Lti iuJkCnat, Tranquillity of deport-
ment, freedom from hurry or disturbance.
^^ nkiah, A die for coining ; the inK
presBion on noiiey.
^2^JL} tikln, A knife. <cJL» iahne. The
glory of God in the Atk of tiie Oovenani.
^ iMy Drawing (a sword) ftoxa its
scabbard, io JiS \^f^^ dJjwi <Jaa» ^^,
He who draws the sword of injofttioe shall be
killed by it Jui^'j*J-fS;cl\|3jb\^l(^
And those who practise it are the atxonfeflr
of tbcij
tribe, and they are the happiest
sneration: thiis touch of onpressic
lem not, and the drawing of the sword doe
Sneration: this touch of oppression affecta
em not, and the drawing of the sword doe
not disquiet them ; they tear not the sting o
the most envenomed foe ; they own submiasioi
to none, far or near ; they are not afrmid o
thunder and lightning ; nor care for the wrat]
of those who nse up and sit down (».«. tho^
who are restless with anger).
^ iitt, The disease of consumptioii.
>-lrf taUffikah, The Seljukian dynasty
(188)
jLd
.Li iUdkf Amu, armour. The annB
'of tiie Bedotdiii are : Lanoes {ramah), twdre
feekki^t and made ofa ion of bamboo, with
n ini or iled poiiited head, and at the
oAs cad in iron ipike to stick it into the
fcomid; nor the top ia a soft tail of black
osfcoeb fcadios, an emUem of death. The
ebR (»i^ ina eoane leather scabbard; these
thcf vnr on aU occasions. In their girdles
I wm a eorred knife {tikkm).
m
A^mSsik, A skinner.
LL mlittt, Facility of diction. An
Off, flowing naiuier of speech.
JJL tddnl (pL of ZJuJui), Chains.
^J^Lasilaaa, KingSy princes, sovereigxiB.
JL uUal, A wicker-basket maker.
ill Mkt or 4S]Li iddlah. Children,
iWwfairti, posteritj, descending race or stock.
Wliite?Br is extriu^ed from anything.
JLeMiiSiiyAsalatation. Peace, safety, fi
^^^^\jL»^ ^\Lt ^^ ^M ij\
tiicB rose from his place, and went to them,
lad Minted them with the best salutation ; and
ticy hastened to rise to him : they met him in
the most polite manner, with all honour and
le^eeti
i^Xi mldmaif Salration, tranquillity,
arfBty, peace. SrL ^^ x^^ ^\ b
J^r' iJ^ i<^ W^l^ JU^>-1I\ »JJ^
tfUt, 0 my brother and friend, re-
eeire thsM loads, and accept them as a present
fnm at, and as a token of my lore for thee,
tad repair to thy conntry with peace and
lispfRnesk
ViJb.* ssM or mZ&, Bapine, plunder.
^fiSSaf, seizing by force. Bejection, denial.
ioegi:tiTeargamentinlog:ic M^(^j
^ \i --J-ff , A single word sometimes
btioys &Tour. aKI\ t JJb ^^ Uli
Wjf^.e,^ jW f!^ W *r*^t And
sa Wing these her words, his reason i^as
iffimsd by ha passion for her j hi^ Idve
for her increased, and he oonld not withhold
himaelf from her I
jy^ SaffHk, The founder of the 8el-
^tikian dynasty in Persia, etc.
li^ suhhfSL, A tortoise. El-Ka«wini
relates that in the Sea of China are tortoises
each twenty cubits in circumference, and that
each of them lays a thousand eggs.
J-* taikh, Skinning (an animal), peeling
(bark). The end of a month. /
JUmL* tdUalf A chain. Pore limpid
water waging like a chain.
J-^mJuj ioUaiil, Pure water. Name of
afonntain in Paradiae.
iUu- 9Mlat, A chain, a series, suite,
concatenation, succession, line, descent, in-
heritance, genealogy, family, progeny. light-
ning, when darting along like a chain. Bands
blown into the form of a chain.
^\LL» «tttta«, The Sultan. A monarch,
king, sorereign, prince. Absolute jwwer,
despotic authority, soTcreignty, dominion.
4iLLJu«», Boyal, imperial, princely.
Ji^\ J^^ fc..iir|J|^,0 my nurse,
replied the Lady Dunya, this is a deril ! How
has he dared to use these words and feared not
the power of the Sultan P
iLLi itdtanat, Power, authority, mag-
nificence, majesty. An empire, kingdom, prin-
cipality, temtoxy.
v_o\ .. Mlaf, A predecessor. Advance.
Money paid down, or before it is due, for
goods to be afterwards delivered. UL?
atUafanf Beforehand.
isLi silfat, The affinity of two women
married to two brothers ; a brother's or a hus-
band's brother's wife. [The herb beet.
jL salk, Boiling eggs or potherbs. 8tU,
fjSL» aalh, Inserting, threading. Silk,
A thread. A series, order, train.
JL« taUam, To surrender.
^^JLj Salnu^ or Minuf, The proper
^name of a woman. 8uUm^, The proper name
of a man.
CJ^ stdilky Proceeding. An institution,
mode, manner, rule, conduct.
U Ju-i jS/flifeia, The ancient Seleucia. The
"KUcodonian king, Seleudus Nicator, '^^'^
>
(184)
^
founded Antiochi built alio, at the month of
the Orontes, on the northern bank, a large
and well-fortified dij, which bore his name,
bat of which not a tingle habitation remains.
Some years ago nothing was to be seen but
heaps of rubbish, and works m the adjacent
rocks, which prove that this was onoe a
place of Terj considerable importance. In the
sea also may be perceived tne traces of two
piers, which are indications of an ancient port
now choked up. The inhabitants of the
country now calfthe ancient Selencia, Sonaidia;
and the present Sonaidia, situated in a plain
five hours and a half south-west of Antioch,
and one from the sea, is remarkable for its
natural fertility — ^its fruits are of a singular
beauty. It possesses all ihe fruits which grow
in Earope. There is a yineyard containing at
least eighty different species of vines, the most
esteemed in Europe, imported by the late Mr.
Barker, formerly British Consul at Aleppo.
If Syria had a tew settlers like Mr. Barker,
the race of the country would assume a very
different aspect from that which it now presents.
There is another Seleucia on the Tigna, which
is 337 miles distant from Palmyra.
^^^ M^o*, The quails sent to feed the
Israelites in the desert.
^^ggvLi toMhahy The cassia of Arabia,
which gives a clearness to the voice.
aJu9 SaUm^ A man's name. Entire,
free from flaw or stain, perfect, healthy, whole-
some. Sincere, mild, or gentle-hearted.
^^UJlii Sulaymdn or SullnULn^ Solomon
the son of David. ^ And King Solomon made
a navy of ships in Ezion-jeber, which is beside
Eloth on the shore of the Bed Sea, in the land
of Edom." — 1 Kings ix. 26. Here there is a
mistake of construction in the translation,
which has given place to a great error during
many centvies. Up to the present time au
the learned world has looked in vain for this
Ezion-ieber on the shore of the Bed SeA, but
never found any trace of it ; and yet it was
the harbour of the fleet of King Solomon.
They could not find the slightest trace of it
because it did not exist on the shore of the
Bed Sea, but on the banks of the Euphrates.
Its vast ruins are still in existence under the
Arabic nameof^^- ^;m3»- Hun Jdhery
or the Castle of Jaber ; called also sometimes
jAp^ iuii JS'al^tJdh&r, Castle of Jaber,
or the Jaber Castie, of which the enormous
mound with its minaret can be seen from an
immense distance, and which is situated not
far from the ruins of the ancient Boman town
of Beles. This fact proves that Solomon and
the Tyrians ^is aUies) gave the preference
to the navigation of the Siphrates and of the
Persian Gulf by Ezion-jaber, or the Jaber
Castie, from which they used to communicate
with the Persian Gulf, even with Ceylon and
India; and by caravans with Phoomda and
Palestine through Palmyra; this was tiie
shortest and consequently the most nAtoral,
route. Thereibre the text of 1 Kings ix. 26
ought to be translated and constructed thus :
'* And King Solomon made a navy of abips in
Ezion-jeber, besides that of Eloth, which
is on the shore of the Bed Sea, in the land
of Edom." Here one can object, Why did not
the above text say '*in Ezion-jeber on the
Euphrates" P This explanation was not neoes*
sary, as Btion-Jeber was probably known at
that time, since it was from the remotest
period the centre of the trade which has at all
times existed between the East and the ^West.
Besides, the immense mound of Hcan-jaber,
which deserves to be visited and explored
more than any other antiquity, \b there stand-
ing and existing, and speaks for itaelf so
eloquentiy as to be understood verr easily.
Having discovered the true site or Szion-
jaber, the Jaber CasUe, it remains for us to
discover who was this Jeber, or Jaber, aa it ii
pronounced in Arabic. Greber, «'. e. manly,
strong, was the name of King Solomon's prin-
cipal officers oyer laraeL See^ U^ 4jOJ .
(JUJu iolaym&nlf A kind of precious
tgate.
Bulaymdniyah or ^taJuJI
Mtuiafmaniyah, The Solomonite, or the town
of Solomon. 1^ is the modem name 'which
the Arab- Bedouins give the town of Tadmor,
or Palmyra in the desert, as Solomon took
this town under his protection, and built there
some fortifications for its defence, and honoured
it with a garrison of his troops. This is all
that the Arabs of the desert know by tradi>
tion concerning Palmyra. As to its origin little
certain is known. l!he first mention of it in
Boman history is under Mark Antony (see
Appian, De Bello Civil, lib. 5), at which time
the inhabitants were noted for their riches and
their commerce with the nations of the Bast.
The description which Pliny gives of its
situation (he omits to speak of its public monu-
ments), as compared with its present appear-
ance, issinflrularly correct He says: **Piaa&yra
is remarkable on account of its situation, the
richness of its soil, and its agreeable streama.
It is encompassed on every si£ by a vast deaert
of sand, which completel^r separates it froni
the rest of the world) and it his always main*
tatned its independence between the two great
empires of Bome and Parthia, whose constant
endeavour it is, during their wars, to hrin^ it
ov^r to their respective interests. It is distant
337 miles from Seleucia on the Tigris, 203
from the nearest part of the coast, and 1 76
from Damascus." Its situation at the eastern
foot of a chain of low hills looking towanla
the desert, the fertility of the surrounding
country, and the purity of its water, are facta
acknowledged by all who have visited it«
Wood, who accompanied Dawkins to Palmyra
in 1767, visited it from Hassiah. His work
is a large folio, and is to be found in all tl&e
(185)
gnd ISbaam of Xmope. The war whieh
ennd tht dakwt&on of Palmyn ii thw
reeoidKL AorditB next tarned his anna
agiioit the £u--&ined Zenobia, Qaeen of
Ptiayn, tke widow of Odenathna, who had
been pcraitlBd bj Gallienw to partidiDate in
the tttk of lognstoa, and had extended hia
s^y orer t hif^ portion of Asia Minor,
Synt, tad Erfpt The Bomana on their
mueb na^ioLed Tanooa harbarooa tribea on
tfa« Tkttaa bolder, who oppoaed their pro-
groL hang orer the ^osphoma, ther
contiiaed tbdr trhunphant eonrM throngn
Sittna, vbidk yielded without reriatance ;
ftajud l^saa, wbi^ had cloaed ita gatea at
tbtsrimndi; mdat length eneoontoed the
focm 0f Zeaobia on the banks of the Orontea,
UK &r frNB iatioch. The PalmyTeniana,
^>oBf dnTcn from their position, retreated to
£■£■« vhere ther were a leoond time orer-
potosd is a bboffy battle, and forced to retire
Bp<B tbor opitaL Aorelian pnraied them
*^ tbe daeit, which he paaed in aafetj,
t^iheo^ hantBti bj the oonatant attacka of
t^ BedocBi, aad prooeeded at onoe to inreat
^"s^ajn, wbidi nrrendered after a long and
^^^tfinte defease; tibe Qneen heraelf having
^ pmiooalr captared in an attempt to
(feet bcr enpe to Persia. A profonna aen-
i>&v vsproJpeed by theae events, and em-
^^saeipeand in from all the most powerAil
siiiw bejoad the Euphrates, beannf gifka
^ vebag friendship. The affiuia of Aeae
r^Aai bsTiog been Ailly arranged, the £m-
g* yt oat on his retom to Ital^. At
ijaatium be waa OTertaken by &e intelli-
?^ that the inhaHtants of Pahima had
n^oitcd, mordered the goremor and Roman
ruraon, and proclaimed a relation of Zenobia
Aa^vte. He immediately tnmed back,
^*{b£d dixaet to Palmm, which he entered
^W^ mamacred tae whole population,
"U niid tbe city to the ground," .leaying
f^ bowerer, to restore the Temple of the
^ ^u^ bad been pillaged by the soldiers.
^^ Tct in Meeopotamia, it became known
^^n^ had riaen in rebellion, and had
™^Wged a eertain Firmua as their prince.
Ai^ina ioataatly hurried to Alexandria, put
Vi 4tttb ^ BBurper, and then retumedT to
^^^ Sadi was the end of tiiis rich and
P^ %, of which ita noble remains attest
^ ^ ?« gFttdeor snd power.
^'>m, The orifice of the ear. Theeye
• kittdk Smmny Poison, Tenom.
-^ MBd, Heavea^ the sky,
^^ 9mU, A mark made on anything
(•dkiiiQaktt A characteristic.
'^'^MadAa^, Beneficence, liberality.
^*^a»d(, Atable covered with yictoala.
L «M^y Hearing, listening. Jar
^lAiim haaSi hhabarfmrru kSnUtHf On hearing
this news they ran away.
(J/U^ iimdk, Name of two stars.
^Um) tammdnf A seller of butter.
^UbMi summdnat (pi. c:i^l3ta«i), A qnail.
di^ljUb^j $amdwdt. The heavens.
i^\Ami 8emdw$t or ^^UmJI as-iemdwah, or
at'tanUtwatf la a small town, or rather a Til-
lage, situated on the Euphrates. From this
TiUage of Samawat the course of the Eu-
phrates is accompanied with a double bank,
which descends as fru: as its jtmction with tha
Tigris, and from thence to the aea, being a
length of about a hundred leaguea, French
meaaura. The height of theae artificial banks
ia not uniform, but increaaea as you adrance
from the sea; it may be eatimated at from
twelve to fifteen feet. But for them, the in-
undation of the river would bury the country
around, which ia flat* to an extent of twenty
or twenty-five leagues; and even notwith-
atanding these banka, then has been in modem
times an overflow which haa covered the whole
triangle formed by Hhe junction of this river
to the Tigris, being a space fit country of one
hundred and thirty square leagues. By the
stagnation of these waters an epidemical dis-
ease of the most fatal nature waa occasioned.
It follows from hence, first, that all the flat
country bordering upon these rivers waa origin-
ally a marsh ; secondly, that this nuush could
not have been inhabited previously to the con-
struction of the banks in question; thirdly.
That these banka could only have been the work
of a population prior aa to date. The de-
vation of Babylon, therofore, must have been
posterior to thiat of Nineveh.
^^UMa«fm^f9i, Heavenly • Sky-coloured,
cerulean, azure. •
JuLi s&mmat, A quarter, tract, country.
^ iamah (fern, l^^. Being benefi-
cent, liberal. Being merciful, humane.
MMor, Evening conversations (such
aa the Arabians hold sitting round their tents).
\j4m» $amrd. Of a taWny colour. A
tawny, brown colour.
JcJ^ Samarkand, A province of Persia.
A celebrated dty and kingdom in higher Asia.
Samarkandtf An inhabitont o^ or anything
belonging to, Samarcand.
samarmar, A black bird, which
greatly resembles the woodpecker, and which
&II0WB the locusts in numerous flocks, like star-
lings, and they not only greedily devour them,
but kill aa many aa they can ; accordingly they
aro respected by the peasants, and nobody is
ever allowed to shoot them. SeejV
j«. (186)
^uma^ tamtdr, A broker.
j^M^summmf Sesame. All Syria abounds
in sesamim^ finrai wbkh excellent oU if pitHnired.
^4w tama^, A hearing. £c\^ U^,
vHUing, obeying a word or lign, ihawiBg that
one is ready. ULI^ U^w, It is beard,
but let it not be oonfinned (a mode of ezpns-
■ion when any disagreeable news ia xeported).
^ ^eJ^f Listen then to me. Fame,
a good reputation. _5 Im^ c^J
(jMuSly His &me was diffused amtftig
the people. t2?*"'j l5^' u' J* c?^
Therefore it ia natoral that I ahonld weep and
moon. On hearing tiioM words, I abstained
from rebdkinff her, and said to her, Do what
aeems fit and proper to thee, for I will not
oppose tiiee.
^U^i «Mn^d»9 Simeon. ^U^^jU^J,
The CouTent of Saint Simon Stylites.
^IjMMt i^f^f Mount Saint Simon
Btylites. Aboot six honrs north-west of
Aleppo, and to the north of the road, is the
inined conrent of Saint Simon Stjlites, which,
in the sixth and serenth centuries, was cele-
brated for the derotion paid to tiiis saint, and
for the BpocionsnesB and maenificenee of its
bnildincB. Some remains of the fiEunons pillar
npon which St. Simon lired for so many years
are still shown to pious dcTotees. A great
number of mined TiUa^ lie in this direction.
Mount Saint Simon is now called hj the
natires Ui^l^ u^ J^ jahal Bhtikk
iaraiatf orthemountaiaof theblessedholy man.
CilX^« samak or JSl^, A fish. <tCLJ\,
The sign Pisces. JQ-Kscwini and Ibn-el-
Wardi relate that in the Sea of £1-Kalznm
(the Red Sea) there is a fish in the form of a cow,
which brings forth its young and suckles them
like a cow. The same authors say that in the
same sea is a fish twenty cubits lone, the back
of which is like tortoise-shell, ana it brings
fortii young and suckles them Ukehuman beings.
^^ tamn, Butter. Simn, Fatness,
plumpness. [nence.
y^ nimU, Elevation, exaltedness, emi-
CL^I^ iomawdt for cuf^l^v, Tbeheavens.
^^MMifiA, Beneficent, affable. A»^^»
liberality, clemency, beneficence.
j^ munttTp Of a tawny brown, weasel
colour. jy>^ nimmnr, The Sc]
weaad or marten, tiie sable ; also the fine i
or for of that anxmaL
M^ MMflm, A sultry wind, wl
destmys traYeUers.
Mfftir, Evening entertainoK
nocturnal oonTersations ; the places,
among the Arabian tents* where these eoai
sations are held; also tiie subject. 8mm
One who is fond of sodi entertatnmenftB. '
Miiii^, A hearer.
^^-.,.. wamln, Fat, fuU, plump.
^ tinny A tooth. Age. The nib
a pen. (li^^v..! ^9 What is p
age
ma hu tkUir min fjukr ttMm, Her 1
is not move than ten years.
Umi sandy Shining. Light, splendoi
bi%htneas, fiashing (lightning). Elerstii
altitude, eminence.
JjIa^ sandhil. Prickles.
i^^CeLi.1 ttmdmMy The senna of Meco
^^Li.9 tifidii, The point or head of a lant
{jJaer ^^ ijftj\3 Ific UU IfJl \jjc
j\rt \Mj^ u^-^ *-*0 ^b s
^^J^ CUc uJ^Jj IfCUU L(
And they looked at it, and lo, upon it ^
horseman of brass, on tiie top of whose s
was a wide and glittering nead that aii
deprived the beholder of iight, and on it
inscribed: 0 thou who comest unto m
thou know not tiie way that leadeth to
dtj of Braas, rub the hand of the horsei
ana he will turn, and then will stop ; ax
whatBOver direction he stoppeth, thither
oeed without fear and without heaitatior
it will lead thee to tiie City of Braaa.
Ji^Xirf iumM, The hyacinth. ^
^^tXiib, The spikenard. ^jiLks;. Jl
AingeUca.
^ Mnai, A year. The Sunnah
the traditions of Hshomet.
(187)
jyA
^J\if^ m/njdh^ Ennine, the pontic
awe, thegiwy aquiiTeL SMijSfti, Grey,Ta«et.
|l^ S^Mf'dfy A city of Eardifltan, to
th« west of the Hgris, not &r from Moeol,
>nd OB ^ toid from Damaaciu to Bagdad,
Vy "wiy of Akppo and Mosul.
^^ KMaJ, A piop, any thiog apon which
UMtber km or by which it ia sapported.
A doGoaat (ai besng a thing on wnioh one
cui km iriU eonfidenoe).
^^ 8miy Sinde^ an eztenftive country of
W. ladii, betwaan Hindoatan and Beloo-
clnrtm, flonprioDg the lower conne and delta
of theladai, eitcndiag between lat. 2r and
2f >% aid k»g. 6<r and 72^ £. ; having
N. the Pnq'tb imd Bahawvlpoor territories,
£. E^pootana, 8. Ab Rnnn of Catch and the
Indian Ooesn, and W. Beloochistan and Cntch*
GtmdsTs. The Tariona products of Sinde
(ii^er little from tiioae of the rest of India.
Hiee, iadi^ tobaoco, and sogar-cane are amonf
tike principal ; Tines, fin, pomegranates, and
(Ten sDpks, an fiMGesaftilly raised at Tatta;
ud viieat, barley, and the oommon Indian
gnins are grown to great perfection in Lower
^aide. Then are Tast herds of homed catde
isd sheep, which are generally larger than
thoK of Hindustan. Camels and onffaloes
m iizsena \ game ia very plentiftal, though
wood is aearoe; salt and saltpetre effloresce
Almost everywhere on the aou. The main
iipmu aze salt, rice, ehee, hides, saltpetre,
o(>tton, oil, ahatts' fins, bark for tanning, with
MttAB^da, and other anmis ; Kashmere shawls,
^afitm, hoTHs, learner, musk, alum; and
wioas drugs and gums firom the countries on
tbe Qortik sad west The principal imports
^n«i India are metals, ivory, tea, tntenague,
ud other China wares ; chintzes, broad cloths,
^'u, tod other Imfian and Buropean mann^
^"^<ans; hut particularly opinm, in transit
frm Mahrah to Bombay. From Persia and
Arabia the Sindians aJso obtain silks, swords,
(37p€ii, dates, rose-water, and coffee. Nearly
iH tbe trade centres in Kurachee, on the Beloo-
cbisEtaa border ; tiiere is little commerce any-
v^ dsiL eren on the Indus. The chief
tcwQs an Tatta, Hyderabad, Kurachee, Kyr-
P«^, Sbikarpocr, and Larkham.
\j^*j^^ nmUtr^i The gum of the red
V^^, Baadataeha, ted arsenic.
Ji'^ tindi^dn, A kind of oak.
v^'>^ nmmwdi (pi. of JL«), Yean*
^9^ wMUy Beooming nanifesti ap-
^t A nouy oat oatohca no mice.
f^ imfiao, The domestio swallow.
i^y»^ Mnawi, AnnuaL ^y»Mj\j\f Monu-
ments, chronicles, annals.
AXyd sanahf A yean
^j^ »ant (fern. i*:>S)f High, exalted,
sublime, precious, grand.
^^Ji^ sanln (pi. of ^), Yean*
*y^ taw, An evil, a calamity. Being
▼idous, corrupt, malignant, deprayed.
^jAyasawdbikjVaAteyeniM* Antecedents.
(J».1^ sawdhUf Shores, coasts. Banks,
borders.
j1^ aawdd. Blackness.
j\^ suwdr (pi. ijy^^)f A bracelet.
Sx\^ iuwd^f Arms. ^ ^Ij^ JJ^
jIJlC* JJ^^y jt«X>. (-J;^^ "^bjl^' ^
had an army comprising a thousand thousand
bridles, composed of hardy men, with spears,
coats of mau, sharp swords, and strong arms.
_5t^ sawdkl, Bivers, streams.
^1^ sawdkiHf Inhabitants*
Jt*^ 9udl, A question, petition, inter-
rogation, demand, request, begging. ^\^
(JL^y^ t/^!^ V^^ Jy*<^ Jjc«rfli l^
bU^ , But if thou refuse, I will bring
against thee forces with which thou hast not
power to contend against ; therefore prepare
an answer to the question, and put on the
garment of death.
SmmS^yia sawdlif, Fast events, ujilt^
i%ljll\. Fast times.
\jy^ sawdd (fern.). Black. Black bile
Cbl supposititious humour of the body). Any
fixed laea, wish or monomania. Melancholy.
^f J^ tUddn, Negroes, Ethiopians.
4^^^ J^ sawddwi, Melancholy, dejecta.
^h^Jt v/^f iJ^f, Of amelancholy temper-
aments
j^ s^r, A wall, a rampart.
ij^ iowrai, A chapter of the Kur'an.
A sign, a trace, a vestige.
^jf^ Swriah^ Syrian iijy^ Syria and
jr*
(188)
4/^
^^^JLJli^ Palestine, j1 or JbJ^t Judea,
two of the most oelelnrated t^odb of the
£J^\ iji\ i^^Aoj eastern hemisphere:
the former inclades the ^^jAa!! <uLjJ
M wm m
ancient Phoenicia, and the latter is sometimet
called the JLijJU]^ lA^^^ Holy Land,
iiom iti being the theatre of most of the great
events recorded in XMiiXLill ^j\j:i\
sacred history. These famoosconntrieshaTe, for
if Jj«9lc i^hJ many centuries, ceased to
be independent, and have for a lengthened
period formed a s^ portion of (iSji
Lm)! Asiatic Turkey. They extend
principally ^^)b!|^ Ju jlsf 1 i>-ji^\ ^^
^hitj ixAJi\ ^jjJIj between 31''
and 37'' 1\jJ^ "CcjS, ISi. lat., and 34o and
41^ E. long.,^^lj J ^y XUl UfcL^
^Ju^j^^ lunring N. the Pashalics of
Diarbekr and Marash. ^J^\ ^ ^
in Asia Minor; Ij^^ \3j**^. DUJ^j
{ZS\^\ ^.E. and E. the Euphrates;
C-; jJ\ h J iT^^, JjAj ir«:j>-.; S.E.
and S. the Arabian Desert ;^^i^t bjij
ViMiy.^H ; and W. the Mediterranean.
(Let the stadent find the Arabic of what fol-
lows.) Previously to the subjugation of the
ooun^ by Mehemet Ali, it was divided into
the four pashalics of Aleppo, Tripoli, Acre,
and Damascus. Palestine, or the Holy Land,
comprised in the two latter pashalics, forms
the S. portion of the reg^ion, bein^ about 200
miles m length, by eighty in its extreme
breadth. The entire length of Syria and
* Palestine may be about 460 miles N. and 8.,
its breadUi varying from 100 to 280 miles.
Its area has been estimated at 48,000 square
mUes, and its population at from one and a
quarter to two, and even three millions, but
probably 1,600,000 may not be far from the
mark. The W. or coast portion of Syria is
mountainous, while the more inland portion,
or that to the E. of the Orontes and Damascus,
is mostly flat. The mountains run mostly N.
and S. , parallel to the Mediterranean. The prin-
cipal cnain, in different jparts of its course, is
termed Alma-Dagh (anciently Mens Amanus),
Jabal-al-Ansariyah, and Lebanon: it runs' at
an average distance of about twenty-four miles
from the sea, from the ran^ of Taurus, in ^
Minor, as fieur S. as the viciniW of Tyre, r'
it terminates. The principal rivers of
are the Euphrates, Jordan, and Orontes.
coast line is watered by numerous small r^
fiiUing into the Mediterranean, which
bnte greatly to fertilize the land, but of 1^
none are navigable. (SeeJVaAr.) Withi^l
immense advantages of its climate and mb
is not astonishing that Syria should alwj
have been esteemed a most delicious oorati
and that the Greeks and Romans ranked
among the most beautifril of tiieir proriiM
and even thought it not inferior to Sn
In more modem times, also, a Pasha, J
was perfectly acquainted witii both of tU
provinces, being asked to which he gave
preference, repaed, " Egypt, without doubt
a moit beautiful farm ; bit Syria i$aekm
ing wmttry houu.**
^^ya saw*, Moths, weevils, ticks. ^^
The moth, the weevil, the tick (or oi
similar worms). Liquorice.
^^ iiUan, The lily.
\fy^ 9awt, Flogging, lashing. A BOonr|
a bull's pizzle, a cat-o'-nine-tails.
j^ tawk, Driving. 8^, A market
public square or forum.
/^ya Bowm, Estimating, fixing a price
i^y^ tiwa\ Besides, except.
^^ sawlyatf Equality, nniformi
rectitade. ^y^\ iX^ or ^y^
Equally, uniformly.
Ijj^ suwayddf A small Uack spot, 1
speck of original sin.
t Jj^ Swatdd, Now a rained place, i
formerly one of the lai^est towns is
Hawran. The circuit of its ruins is at I
four miles. Amongst them is a street runs
in a straight line for nearly a quarter <
mile, in which the houses on both sides
still standing^ the intervening space is ^
narrow, allowing only one person or beas
pass at a time; on both sides is a nai
pavement. In several places are arched c
rooms, supposed to have been shops. '
street commences at the uppjer end of the U
at a large arched gate built across it
scending, you come to an elegant buil<
opposite a fountain, in the shape of a avec
the whole front of which forms a kin
niche, within which are three smaller nic
Bound the flat roof is a Oreek inscript
Not far troja this is an ancient edifice,
hundred and fifty feet by forty within,
three transverse rows of ardhes, resting t
irregular columns. It is now a mosque,
the. end of the long street, oatnde the U
is a tower eighty foot high, and twenty
square at the mm, with windows at the
sft-*
(189) Jf-
tvo mkt of wkidi Iuktc fkUen down, no donbt
from tbe effect of an earfthquake. There i% at
dtf top of the hi]], a lai^ temple, of wluch
eigiit WotifTil Connthiaa oolnmna are stand-
ut^ The eatiAlatoe and cell also remain
enOR. Ob measuring the dimennom of the
latter vilh a fine, it was found to be irregnlar,
witiboDl tajtiuB^ in the gnnmd npon which
it staidi to jvtiiT predaion. Turning firom
&ebtfiiiBiii^of ne itraet to the souui is a
Isigc WDiig in raina, called hj the natirea
B Kimmk (The Chnreh). It la adjoined to
Biofiier bBflfliag, and has the appearance of
hsm^ wee bera a monastery. The chnreh
if gee kondred aad thirty feet long by eighty-
OK broii The grand entrance, with two
arckd QfCBogB on each aide, fiusee the west
On die aoitii tide, in Ihe npper story, are
Bnawiadows; at the eastern end is a laiger
laM tbiitf -one feet acroae, with two smafier
CM OB eieh side. Apparently there were
kna\j eohmuis, adorned with tracings of
tl» m k&4 fbnning a gallery all around.
It a B0V without a roof. Around the side
doon ate nme beautiful friezes ; the crosses
over then ire dfaoed, probably when the
t6£a beeime a mosqiie. On a hiU to
^ Borth-weflt^ on the other side of the
vificT, fitaads a ndned square stone building,
vm the BstiTes call IhuheU. It is thirty
feel oeh viy, with six hidf columns on eacn
ade, temanated by a frieze, cornice, etc. The
ectsBDi ire three feet and a half apart, giying
tdimeterof two &et six inches; the height
B tvcBtr-sx feeL It is solid within, and the
t90 ippon to have tenninated in a pyramidi-
al mi, where, no donbt, was the place of
Kpliare: The four oomere, not the sides,
pt^ oit, west, north, and south. On the
ade to the north-east^ near the comer, is a
Ciwk iucripcion, in handsome characters.
Tbife ii likewise a Helirew inscription.
\jrijd /SfiOi The well-known town of
£«, taoetttiy Beremoe, situated at the N. end
if AeW.gidf of the Bed Sea, called the Gulf
tf Saez. with a harbour. This gulf was
■pBited fron the Meditemnean by the irth-
■■flf the Bsme name, 120 miles m length,
yfeh ued to join Asia to Africa ; but lately
BTOf heeo cut under the direction of M .
J* I'sepi, tnd oonTerted into a good canal,
wMedtferraaean and the Bed Sea are united,
nd MTigition haa found an easy and short
l^^ge gom Eoiope to India; so the trade
">twwi Europe and India, which was carried
«a llrDQ|h Aleppo, Bagdad, and Banorah,
■itdu&iuither eoune, to the detriment of
ueOttoasa Empire, which has lost animmense
''^■tiS^ This oconTenienee can be remedied
yjMiwfately eonstraeting a railway from
^f^tiao^ or from Alexandretta, to
^PiAaid Baaaorah, to secore the position of
^J^taan Empire as the keeper of the key
wwIafiairEnropean trade. If the ministers
^«^erial Majest]^ the Sultan neelect
7*»ywttoi naasnre, in a few years all the
»«« if X«^ Syrin will undergo the &te
«
of Sidon, Tyre, Tortosa, and others of which
nothing remains but a name in history, and an
old reputation which is no more. — Bztract
from "The Syro-Mesopotamian Railway."
f\^ tthdm. Lots. Arrows, either for
shooting or drawing lota.
j^ Mhar, Sleeplessness.
^1^ iuhrdn^ Watching, sleepless.
Jfy« aahl, A plain level ooantr7, soft soil.
JL^UaJl JfMi »ahl antdkia, The Plain of
Antioch. The soil of this plain is excellent,
and ia very suitable for tne plantation of
mulberry trees. The hills on the side of
the Orontes, particularly opposite Serkin,
abound in plantotions of ngs and oli?es, yines,
and mulberry trees, which, a thing uncommon
in Turkey, are planted in quineunx, and ex-
hibit a landscape worthy of the finest country.
This mode of planting in quineunx^ ia likewise
in use amooff the Dmzes, the Itfaronites, and
the Ansariyui.
cliJl (Jf.1 sM ul hekd^, The plain situ-
ated between Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon,
called by the ancients Ccele Syria, or hollow
Syria. Thia yalley, by collecting the water
of the mountains, has been rendered continually
ne of the most fertile districts of all Syria ;
lut the mountains concentrating the rays of
the sun, produce likewise a heat in summer
not inferior to that of Egypt The air, neyer-
theless, is not unhealthy, no doubt because
perpetually renewed by the north wind, and
oecause the water neyer stajgnates. The in-
habitants sleep without injury upon their
terraces in the open air.
f-^^ J^ saM ul kthlr or jJal t J^s^ JfM»
tahl jabal uttur. The Great Plain or tiie
Plain of Mount Tabor, commonly called
the Plain of Jesreel, or of Esdraeion (the
Armagedon of the Apocalypse), was the most
fertile part of the land of Canaan, and in the
distribution made by Joshua, fell to the lot of
the tribe of Isaacluir, who here rejoiced in
their tents (Deut. xxxiii. 18). In yarious
parte of its extended surface, some of the more
peacefully-inclined Bedouin tribes are to this
day^ seen lining under tents surrounded by
their flocks. Thus did the patriarchs of old
wander with their cattle amongst the towns
and yUlages of Canaan, and fed them, eyen in
the most populous districts, without molesta-
tion. In the first ages of Jewish history,
as weU as during the Boman empire and
the Crusades, it was the scene of many a
memorable contest ; and perhaps no soil nas
eyer been so saturated with human ffore as
that of this plain, situated at the foot of Mount
Tabor. Here Barak discomfited Siaera and
his chariots, eyen nine hundred chariots of
iron. It was here also that Josiah fought
against Neco, King of Egypt, and fell by the
arrows of hds antagonist. Joeephus often
tr**
(190)
mentloiis this yery remarkable part of the
Holy Land, and always under the appellation
of tlie ** Great Plain," and under tne same
name it is also mentioned by Eosebin^ and by
Jerome. It has been a chosen place for en-
campment in every contest catfried on in this
country, from the dajn of Nebuchadonosor,
King of the Assyrians, in the history of whose
war with Arphazad it is mentioned as the
Great Plain of Esdraelon, until the march of
the First Napoleon from Egypt into Syria.
Jews, Gentiles, Saracens, Crosaders, French,
Egyptians,, Persians, Dnues, Tork^ Arabs,
and warriors out of every nation which is
under heaven, have pitched their tents in the
Plun of Esdraelon, and have beheld the
various banners of their nations wet with the
dews of Tabor and Hermon.
Jf.) 9uhel (fern. iL^), 'Easy.
^ aahm (pi. j*lf-»), An arrow for shoot-
ing or for drawing lots.
jf-» sahu, An error, fault, mistake,
blunder, inadvertency. Omission,
t^ 9akwan, Xnadvertently.
m^ iuhulatf Facility, ease, gentleness.
CL>^ gayy&t (pi. of LS), Sins,
^L-» Btydjy A thorn-hedge, a fence.
^Urf 9ayyaky A traveller, a pilgrim.
*^L-», Travelling, a journey, a voyage,
a pilgrimage. SAe^\ ijp ^J ^-=-^1;^
.LJ1 Jubl iAe, dLftl^t c:
Lill ijj alj. When I beheld in the
midst of the throng, a person of emaciated
frame, in the garb of a traveller, and with a
• plaintive voice.
if jLm> siyddat, Lordship.
^Um» aayyar (fem. i;L-»), Wandering,
walking much. A planet or planets.
d^\^ saydeat, Administration of justice.
LLy* tiydi, A scourge.
jllrf 8iydk, What follows in a sentence.
The grammatical or logical construction of a
phrase. A mode, manner, way.
dJlI^ alydkat, The peculiar handwriting
used in the finance department.
JII-. sayydl (fem. iJL-), Current,
rapid, flowing like a torrent.
^;U^, The river Cydnus.
^^j^Ui, The river Jaxartes-
Myyid, A lord« The titiies of t|
chiefr of the &mily of Kahomet, deEcend
from All and his daughter Fatima,
y^ X^ seyyid-sharff, Are titles tak^
by the so-called descendants of the Prophi
however low their station. Men and worn
of this caste often contract mairiages wi
persons who are not members of the ud
apd as the titie of sheiif is inherited fit
either the father or the mother, the nomi
of persons who enjoy this distinction baa ]\
come very consideraSle. The men are pri^
leged to wear the green turban, but not all
them do so. Many of the women wear a gra
faoe-veiL
**Xj.j sayyidat, A lady, a jraicess, 0
pecially the wife or daughter of a Sayjid 1
descendant of Ali. JBJ\ y ^Ul^. l^
U yUUi Uj ifjuJI l^-V, l^V, J
^jy^ ^ JJ^, And when the paper
from her head. Lady Dunya saw iL and ui
What is this paper f '
i^jl^ ioyyidl, My lord. X-JI j^jJJ
^ ci^^l i;^ ajl (^ jjli ^
Then approaching the man, he said to biz^
0 sheykn, what is thy occupation P 0 d
master, answered the old man, I am a fish^
man, and have a family to maintain; aad|
went forth from my house at noon, and baj
remained until now, but God hath allotted 11
nothing wherewith to obtain food for ^
household ; therefore I have hated myself, ti
wished for death. ,
ji^ sayr^ Motion, change of place, wa^
dering. Jjji ^j IjL^li ^ UJai li
IfJ^lil, When they plunged into t^
sea, they ceased not in their oouiae until th|
arrived at the palace of Saleh, where thi
entered; and hia ^grandmother, the moth^j
his mother, saw him as she sat, snnoonded 1
her nearest relatives.
^^\;i^ tayardn, Promenading, walkiij
about for pleasure.
JS!*.
(391)
U
c^-
Ij^ ihrgt, Dispoddon, temperament,
mon]i, (^Qilitiefl. Thye general tenor of a
penoii'i hfe and deedi.
uLii M)/, A sword, scimitar, sabre.
«^1 iJUj Jh^II ^l7 J , Do not
think ][OQintafe from a fool while he has a
swoidialiiiband.
i^jif^ iiewta (Italian), Insurance.
J--» uyl, Flowing. A torrent, cmrrent,
flni, flood. [The idand of Oeylon.
- union, Flowing rapidly. Stldn,
Vj^ Snutrid (Turkish Distra), A
fortified dty of Enropean Turkey, province of
fiol^; capital— Sanjak, on the Danube;
int7-thr«mile»K.N.E. of Ruatchuk; popu-
UtioB estimated at 20,000. The town is ill
lad oat, and many of the houses are in ruins.
Tbe Qtidel, sereral moaqnea and public baths,
and a large bonding warehouse and custom-
k£Q3e,a«tliechief buildings. The inhabitants
exchange timber and catUe with the Walla-
chiau kr salt and hemp ; but their trade is
net of DQch consequence. Near the city are
the remains of some fortifications thrown up
dsiia; the Bynntine Empire.
r*r»^«yd, Enchantment, fascination,
catoil magic, necromancy.
'^;^ Tor 5!»a, Mount Sinai. L^^
ItfrStnoj The Desert of Sina, calledother-
J« the Deort of Tib, is that into which
Moaes oondaeted the IsraeUtea, and kept them
f« a whole generation, to initiate them in the
irt of var, and transform a multitude of ahep-
tS ^^ * nation of oonquerors. The name
jjf B-Tih aeema to hare reference to their
pt«y, as it signifies the Country of Wander-
^. It is from reading Hebrew books and
the Sor'an that the name of El-Tih has been
prok to this tract by the Arabs. They also
cmI it Beir-tur-Sina, which siimifiea Gountnr
of Mofont SinsL
V^t-* ^nub, Sinope, a town of Asia
^liwr; population 10,600; situated on a low
"fflrow isthmus, oonneeting the rocky promon-
Jory tenaiBating in Cape Ada with the main-
Isai fieiitf about half-way between Constant
toffle and Trebiiond, and occupying an
vvsiiced position on the southern shore of the
wxiae, Sinope is, from a military and nayal
P^t of riew, of great importance. Its trade
a acoaadcnbk. The principal exports are
™ff, aalt, cordage, fish, oil, and leeches.
•-*;-• ny*/, Swords. *3UL-jJx-U J
yiiytfll c-^Uj C;U, Then he caUed
out to his young men, and said : 0 young men ,
take the head of this young wretch. So they
took their swords, ana drew them, and sought
to slay him, but he turned his back in fliSit,
seeking the gate of the palace !
J^«^ suifUl, Toxrent^ inundations.
U^ iAln, The thirteenth letter of the
Arabic a^habet. It denotes 300 in arith-
metic, and is the abbremture for the month
^^L*A sha^han, and the word JUj«
thimal. The north.
U shd or *\J^ tha'a, (Qod) wills (in the
adverbial locution dJJl 'Ll ^1 in shd
Alia, If God wills, God willing ; used instead
of the English terms — I hope, Xet us hope).
c-jLi» shah, A young man. c-^LfiJI JUi
^,^ C^l. ^js:\ ^UjJl cl<U Ij
Cxujia^, And the young man said :
0 Ein»of the Age, dost thou know the dis-
tance that is between thee and thy city ?
j^U» ShdpUr, King of Persia, called by
the Romans Sapores, This prince defeated
and took prisoner the Emperor Valerian.
i\j^ shdi, A sheep.
^IjijjUi thddrawdn, An artificial foun-
tain, ajet d'eau. A Persian word, generally
anplied to a fountain or jet d'eau with pieces
of glass, or ^lass bells, which, being put in
motion by the water, produce a constant
tinkling.
fmjJj\J^ shdrib, A drinker.
rj\^ shdrih, A commentator.
J,Li shdrid (fem. shdridat), Flying,
fugitive. [A beginner. Making laws.
^ll 9hdr%^, A highway, a straight road.
jjUi ihdrtk, The sun rising,
^M>Ll $hds*^, Distant^ separate.
^Lmi shdiA, Tangibs.
Jb\J^ thdtl, The bank of a river.
j^\j^ sha^r, A poet. ^\ uJU*l JUJ
Xjl
(192)
^l&
^^^c^^* And he said: I fear that
he may be awake ; and the poet has said, I
loTed her when her qnalities were described,
for sometimes tiie ear loTeth before the eye.
J^L2» $hd^, One kindling a firc^
^\Ji» 9hdfi^, An adYOcate.
_jt3L2» 8haf^, One of the chie& of the
* four principal sects of the Mahometan religion.
^U» shdfi (fern. ^l2i)i Healing, aalu-
tary. ^^Ll i^\<fr j^^^^ *^A ^
categorical answer.
Jll Bhdhk (fern, ol&), Difficult,
troublesome, disgiisting, perplexing.
J\JL9h&hit (part.). Celebrating, praising,
thanking. GratefuL
^Lmi ah&hif A lamenter, complainer.
JL2« 9hdlf A shawl, merino. Cashmere
shawL
f\li shSm, Damascus, Syria. The history
of past times strongly presented itself to my
thoughts. I called to mind those distant ages
when twenty celebrated nations inhabited
Sjria — ^that great nursery and cradle of man-
kind. I pictured to myself the Assyrian on
the banks of the Tieris, the Chaldfloan on those
of the Euphrates, the Persian whose power ex-
tended from the Indus to the Mediterranean.
I enumerated the kingdoms of Damascus and
Idumea, of Jerusalem and Samaria, and the
warlike states of the Philistines, and the com-
mercial republics of Phoenicia. This Syria,
said I to myself, now almost depopulated, then
contained a hundred flourishmg cities, and
abounded with towns. Tillages, and hamlets
(According to Joeephus and otrabo, there were
in Syria twelve milium* of touls, and the traces
that remain of culture and habitation confirm
the calculation.) Everywhere one might haTC
seen cultiratea fields, frequented roads, and
crowded habitations. Ah! what has become
of those ages of abundance and of life P What
has become of so many productions of the
hand of man P Where are those ramparts of
Nineveh, those walls of Babylon, those palaces
of Persepolis, those temples of Balbec and of
Jerusalem P Where are those fleets of Tyre,
those dockyards of Arad and Or&osia, which
is now mistaken for Tarsis P Where are those
workshops of Sidon, and that multitude of
mariners, pilots, merchants, and soldiers P
Where are those husbandmen, those harvests,
that picture of animated nature of which the
earth seemed proud P Alas ! I have traversed
this desolate country ; I have visited the places
that were the theatre of so much rolendour,
and I^ have beheld nothing but sohtnde and
desertion ! I looked for these ancient people
and their work, and all I ooold find waa a
faint trace, like that which the foot of a
senger leaves on the sand I The temples
thrown down, the palaces demoUshed, the p
filled up, the towns destroyed, and the
strippea of its inhabitants : — ^it seems a i
burymg-place 1 Great Gk)d! from whence
ceea such melandioly revolutions P For
cause is the fortune of these oonntries
strikingly chanj^edP Whv are so many
destroycMl P Why is not tnat ancient po;
tion reproduced and perpetiiated P
Lt\J^ thdnuUf A black mole.
(j:..^\jL ihdmit, Bejoicing at ano
^ll thdmikh (fem. Xsr^l^), SubU
high, exalted, lofty, proud. ^\J^
A high mountain.
J.^Ly» shdmil, Comprehending, con
ing, surrounding, universal.
^Ll Shdmij A Syrian, a citizen
Damascus. The appellation of Esh-ehii
which is riven to both the country of Sjrii si
its capitu Damascus, hj the natives, is sQ
posed by them to be derived frt>m the naowj
Shem, the son of Noah ; others think ti)
Bar-el-«ham means the country of the lo
from its contrast with that of the ^
Taman (Arabia Felix), or the country of i'
right (hand).
^U» sh&n, A thing, an affair, bosinea
Nature, constitution, habit, desire, diapositiG
State, condition, dignity, equality, degn
L«^ lIXjLSa Utj clCaMil ts ^^^a.sf^\ \^
ijy>ai\, 0 thou person, what is t]
name, and what is thjr nature, and what I
placed thee here in this manner P
2fl2i shdih, A king, a sorereign, an ei
peror, a monarch, a prince (of Persia).
jXUb\J^ shah bandar, The shabender, t
receiver-general of duties, tributes. A Pm
consul.
JUblja thdhid, A witness, an eje-witne
Xcjc^ JJhLl (or J jU JJbUi), A w
ness of veracity.
j;jbU» 9hdhtk,'Slgh (moontain). A^^
ijjj tX>.3 L/^J 'j^ ^ cT* '^^ s
^\ JyLA\ iJ^> And by its side
^reat mountain, very high ; no^one ooold
its summit by reason of its excessive hetj
and no one had the power to ascend it.
tr
(193)
cjU lb tkdh mat, Checkmate at chess.
r,l:j^l^ ihdkinthdh, The king of kings,
lord of lords. ^luLUbll Bojal,
pnnedy, Booardiical.
jJ^ll Mbtf A royal white Moon.
i^ll t%a, Onj-haixed.
c?^ doffikt, A semblance, small tino-
taR,kKtcppeaniioe.
^ll i%ib, Dimlgedy published, pro-
^ iW, Alam. -
v'^iWdi, Tooth. c-jLiHJ^,
r^ Mat, A Syro-Macedonian month
(oBBpoiidia^ to FebniATy).
vJ"^ liUidl (pi. of iC^), Nets,
Jli^ liMiii (pi. cLCjLI t;b3<iaa),
^^^V^-^j*^ *=^^ ''^V *-l tV'
•^ she took aa apple, and threw it apon him ;
tt lie rated hia hod, and beheld the daughter
<^ the vezeer at the window. [young men.
/r^ tkiUa» (pL of S-?l^), Youth,
^ Mak, An object indistinctly seen at
adistance. A phantom. ^Lllll<Ui.4>iJ\
'ikUmtattlmkiaJk, The FiTe Fhaatoma of the
RligioiioftheAnsaiiah, andnotXuuMtbS^l
^'^H al Uamatul athydkh, The Fire
£^ aa IB ToL L of <' Alif Laila," Calcntto
c;- i^U J|i JUyt u^ ^^1
Phantoma delirer me, and to her who haa
afflicted me with Ioto tranafer mj angniah!
For then ksoweat that I am aoffenng a burn-
ing flame, and my beloyed haa oppreaaed me,
and will not haye compaaaion on me ! How
long ahall I feel tenderly to her io mj afflic-
tion, and how long ahall ahe tyrannize oyer
my weakneaa! I wander in agoniea never
ending, and find not a peraon, 0 my lord, to
aaaiat me ! Often I wish I conld be patient in
loying her ; but how could I be patient whilst
loye has conaumed my patience P 0 thou who
doat decline to grant to my loye the pleasure
of an interriew, feareat thou not the adyersi-
tiea and ealamitiee of time and fortune P Art
thou not enjoying the happiest life, whilst I,
for thy loye, am Buffering m a foreign country
idl kinds of priyationa, far, far away firom my
home, frienda, and reUtiona P
Bhabr^ Measuring with the span,
Shihr^ A span, a palm. jM\jm>ai.
Of a compact body. l1^L« b ^ i^iuJU ^i
then aaid to him : 0 Ein^ of the Age, blame
not my father for that which he haa done. If
the meaaure of thy loye for me be a apan, that
of my loye for thee ia a cubit.
ipmI thal^, Satiety. tLa>-li j^l ij\ m)
Afterwards he gave them
ordera to bring tables of the richest yiands, com-
prising dishes of eyery kind; and the king
ate, and put moraela into her mouth until ahe
waa aatisned.
^U^ Bhah^an, Full, satisfied. Satiated.
\1 ^- "• tihabk. Net- working.
SLJ^ shahalsat or shahaiah, A fishing-net,
anet-work. ^j^ j^\ ^\ ^fTji
ij\ J CLJJ^\
W-
Ji^3
^jji\ J-i5 J^ift^ J^*3JMtf , So he went
again to the riyer and cast in his net, and,
haying waited till it sank, drew the cords, and
dragged back the net, and there came up in it
a cheat, locked and heayy.
13
u^
(194)
J^ MM, The wbelp of a lion or other
beast of prey. J * i^j dL^I \aJ^
^,^«^j^-^ Ifia:*' •JjpljjjljMll
Then follow my gnidaneo, and h«ed m j beliert,
aod welcome mj coumel Id proTitrba oipreat ;
nnce none can inherit a ricW beqneal, than
ths maiimi lad mle* that thf sire hu pro-
fcst; the Iceioni that iriadom'i infallible teat
haTS proTcd to he poreat, and brighteat, and
best Se wiie like thy father, tlut all may
attest and protest thee the lion of Uonlika
offspring ponaat. [AlOTD.
Aw thibh. Like, reeembling. Bhabht,
A|^ »hihkat (pi. uljU^), Doubt, am-
bigoity, auipicion. An ohacnra, donbtAil point.
jkt^l i.::-^^! if^l, 'Doubt la sister of
the unlawful. X4ilclt Jjl«f«iJ1, Doubt
^'ffit thahirtat, The godmother.
4;uM *hah^h, Alike, resembling.
u^ »hiis, "Winter.
aCm ihattAm, A. supercilious man.
t*fW ^J^ ihatlUna iagitahuma, There
ia a great difference between then.
^i^ thaim. Contumely, contempt, out-
' rago, Teproacb, Tillany.
i^f-it thatvil, Winterly,
4jji^ iltatatetya. The seed-time of the
winter crop, which takes place throughoat
Byria only at the time of the autumnal rains,
or toward the end of October. The time of
> the
the HoDian, thoy reap their wheat and barley
from the raid of April throoKh the whole
ince toward
IB, the har-
roly.
e, Tariotts.
reproach,
bravery,
he wai incompamble amonr the people of hi
time in glory, Minragc, and in jutue to di
people.
iyc-' thajarat, One tree, ^j Mj Ul
^Ic ijwji UL-oy 5;j«^l yxT t^
Jji\ [fi^ Ui^ \^^\ Ja:j »y>r ep
Aj^\ 1<J^ And when he had laid him
•elf down, he tnmed up hia eve* towatdi tt
tree, and hia eye met that of Johanh ; ao t
looked at her and aaw her to be like (he moo
when it ihineth.
^jlur' ih^^an, A brave or athleti
nun- A hero.
^JJK^ sAHrOit (pL of ^J^ not uaed'
Different way of aolntion, relation, or ezplai
ation; in ^^^jiJ %i-»htjiti, Diffe
ently explained by different people (a traditios
^jec^ihtjl (fern, i^^), Anxioos, vexec
bs-> tkajl^ firare, intrepid, bold.
f^ »hih, j\s^ thahah, and i>-U-
[talloi
*£^ ihahm, Tallow. Zt^, A bit •
i^jsr' ihahn. Filling a veBBel,Ioading a shi }
ij.xf' ihahnah, A viceroy, a vio^eren
a repreaentatiTe, an ambaimdar.
ftyaA {pi. of -K^), Tallows.
^^xt" thahlh, Covetous. A mise
Greedy aad &*aricioni.
j^^, thakhr, Breylng, snivelling, gmn
iog, makJng * noiie thiongh the noae or throi
^Jex^ »h(diht, A person, body, indii
dual, any figure appearing black at a diatan
*1*j1 A\ ^J,\ jJ ^li. And u tb
were proceeding one day, they came to a pil
of black atone, wherein waa ■ peraon *unk
^-i-" thalchlr, Snivelling, braying, snorii
>xl f^mM, Binding, itrengtheDing, est)
lisbing, confirming, corroborating, u;
'4^1
-S^^'-
(my
®^eii
<j*
• 4
'Pou J
it
y^^ ongbt to abstain fiomoommifctii
^' <^j .JLo; Jl^ ^L ^
^di
^^
to
ilk
ooe
^d
^eisit,"
otfiwt
es
<iJl
a^
®iice
JA4
**«rj?rC* i.
^y**A
^j
:^^'^' 5ir\^'^»i;;
5-1.,
•^o^e^-'
'^i.
^*o|,
^«<i8t
/orce,
action;
And
for
Ui
c?. / f^I^^^A *^«'K^re» to the practice of coi
* ' Zn ^'^^.f^"?^' reIiiMini«h eWl and op
I ^*^°'^0'itwilIbepleainttothyU&.
-^ *^»rc?. Baying, purchase. e^Jjei
A^, If thou wilt do 80, I will ]
drS?® 9^^ ^®® whatever oometh up for a \
'^^a pieces of gold.
• j^ sharab. Wine or any beren
<J><»^lc-->]^, Syrup of rooU. cJL^^Ij
""^rahat. Syrups. JM^ «Aard^
^"fiakerofsjrrups. \3L«j^ lljb l-j
J^*i«k the wine, and enjoy healtk;
wiM oererag^ is a remeay for diseai
'^drat Cl>l.^\^),A8parkof
'J]A
' the*-
*OlTo
M^,
S***
Of
of the
ve-
forthwith T^^'^-iT^^*^* ^ have commande<
*»^ at thL JT^—. l>i»^m thee with my fin
*^«. tom^^f^^*^"*ctive sparks, and 8
^^^ an exSn^i ^^' «> ver the deserts, ni
Pa«ser-by.^^*^® *^^ *la.e stationary and
ITBS
UI
'^'V.
f of « bo^r or
muohielk.
■greementa,
^"ktd-
A^oJV
of a ship,
io^ instrument.
rship.
ny.
itions, eom]
»- Laws.
,), The
imbibing- <
CO. ljy,y.
<196)
the kjjuid are foud, onoag ▼arioas frmts,
what I mij^t hare caioi, mai I ndghi have
dmnk 4»f lia riven; b«l in this plaee an
neither trees nor fruki nor riren !
^^ shmrhaif Sherbet, syiup ; a berer-
age, a drangfat, a dose, a medicine ; one drink
or ap. A csthartif, or pnrgatiTe mf^tiwiM,
4jjJL thmrhat, A draught of water.
^.j^ 9har^, A tzee, from which flows
liquid pitch; the larch« vhenoe eomes the
agarie; also aaothar thomj tree; beriMris;
the diteh bur.
^JL »kmrh^ Explanation^ interpretation,
oommentnj, paraphrase. ~
\
\
on.
^.l^
cr* Lr?^ MjjL^y i.jo^ ^
1 Jllal, I saw daring that voysge
I
I
I
I
man J wonderfiil and strapee things, such that,
if I related them to jon, £e description would
be too long.
A^jJti iharhah, A slice of meat.
l^JjJ^ ihenUms, A body of people, troop.
^/t*j^ shari, Hard, rong^ Sharta, Of a
bad disposition.
jffjJ^ short, A condition, agreement, com-
|WGt, conyention, paction, relation, stipola-
• tion, limitation, clanse, restnction.
tJojJL shortly ConditionaL
cj« shor^ Law, justice, equity. Making
or prescribing laws. 9j^^ ^\ ^
jndge, an asBSssor to a jadge, a lawyer.
U^, Judicially, lawfully, legally.
^jJ^ shar^. Legal, just.
4kJ^ shoraf. Nobility^ dignity, honour,
glory, grandeur, excellency. An eminence.
li-i shurafd (pL of c-i^ »^rf/),
Prinoes,noblelord8,deBoendedfrom Mohammed.
lijJ^ shurfah, The gallery of a minaret.
J^ ihork, Bising (as the sun). The
east. Sr^'j J/^^> The east and west.
^jJ^ A short surrey of the map of
the East. That narrow coast that yon behold
in the map, bordered by the sea on one side,
^'^ by a ridffe of monntaintf on the other,
^ abode of the PhcBaidan nations.
There stood ti&e powerihl dtijesof Tyre, Sidoi
Ascalf, Gaia, and Berytns. This stream (
water, which does not seem to discbtfg
itsdf into any sea, Is the Jordan ; and Hbt
banen rocks were formerly the scene of ti
most memorable erents. nene yon fiod U
desert of Horeb and the Hill •f Siiuii, whe
the Great LcigisLator gaye birth to institotioi
whidi have exerdsed so mooh infloence fipc
the histonr of mankind. Upon the barn
strip of land which borders this desert t(
see no loi^ger any trace of splendour; si
yet hcare was formerly the magasine of tl
world. Heoe was the jport «f Eloth, on ti
shore of the Bed Sea, m the land of £dofl
and on the banks of the EnjphratcB the
exist 1^ to the present time the remsinc
the fbfrtified town and Castle of Hesion-jatK
or HQsn|aber, as it is pronounced in Aiabi
and which means the Castle of Jabt
from wheoce the fleets of the Phcenicia:
and the Jews, without coasting the peni:
«Dla of Arabia, pnrsned their Yoya^
the Persian Gulf^ and imported from then
the pearls of HsTila and the gold of Sal
nnd Ophir. It was here, on the side of Omi
and Bahrain, that existed the site of that ma|
nifioent and Inxnnons commerce, which, a
was transplanted from conntry to connfi
decided the fote of ancient nations, fiith
were brought the v^etable aromstks, a
the precions stones of Ceylon, the shxn
of Cashmere, the diamonds of Golcoada, tl
amher of the Maldives, the mask of Thib*
the aloes of Cochin, the apes and the pea£oc
of the continent of India, the incense of Ha
ramnt, the myrrh, the ^ver, the gold du
and the ivory of Africa. From hence «<
exported, sometimes br the Black Sea, in shj
of E^Tpt and Syria, uose conunodities, wm
constituted the opulence of Thebes, Siik
Memphis, and Jerusalem; sometimes ascendi
the coarse of the Tigris and the Euphiaii
they awakened the activiu and the ari^
of the Assyrians, the Medea, the Chaldeti
and the Persians ; and aooording as ther ^1
used or abased, cherished or oTertomea th
wealth and prosperity. Hence gjew op 1
magnifioenoe of reisepolis, of which yon a
obwrre the mouldering columns of Ecbatai
whose serenfold walls are leTelled with I
earthy of Babylon, the ndns of which I
trodden under the feet of men; of Xinevi
whose name seems to be threatened with ^
same oblirion that hasoTeotaken its gteatne
of Thapsacus, of Anatho, of Gezra, and
the melancholy and memorable Palmyra.
_i^ shorii (fern. ^j^)f Orient
Eastern. Sunny, exposed to the sun.
C^jJ^ ^orokf A snare. _5 kz.^j *>
i\ If^ cXwr. ^ Uj 4/ jc^ Lz:j
d,
(197)
s/Sr*
o>
^Xa If ill««y I hare Mien into
ti» oare of tfar Io?8^ and become of tiie num-
ber of thf fielma. The lore tlut thoa hadit
is Umferred to me, and lliere remaine not
ngfai of it w^ thee, uTe ae much as th«
teidiipBtcif whttlhaTel
^J* ikkif Hie sin of professing that
GodiBiiioiebBthasavodatea. Poljtheiam.
l^-S, dmkd (pL ci u^J^), Asso-
(pL iZjl^jJL iharakat)r
Sodetf, eonpiay, partDenhip, communication,
putiqpitioD. X^\ «W«X>^ cAj^ ^/^
VU! I L.yui\ , ihiriai tank haHdul
^tilmumifah aifttruti^ah. The ^neral
etnanj of the Indian Bailway through the
f^ltrtta YaQej. If the* capitalistB who
ve to beooBe ihaiefaolden hare a British
pnotoe, imsienie fonds can be got not only
ia£8mpe,bBt inthe £ast also. And if the
«3^sttj ndertake to colonize the country,
sad the Ottoman Goveniment grant certain
«iTia^gei tad oriTilegea to the com^y in
^To« ad OB benalf of the settlers, an infinite
Ksaber of rich European, Indian, Turkish,
fai BjriaB fiunilieB will hasten to come and
^^tfaemielTw under the beautiM skies of
Siiis nd Mewpotemia, and there will ther
^^^Rue tiieir good influence. Not only wiU
tie t«o odes ^ the main railway be coTcred
^ lev towns, bat also thoae towns which
St now dead, like Antab, Antioch, Idlib,
Litabi, Txxpoli, Suedia, Horns, Hama, Sur,
ad Styda, will reoeiTe new life, and will
^^ MBone eooneeted with the main rail-
nj. Ib this way, when the line between
^mdietta and the Persian Gulf is opened
*4 tnffic, other lines will be added, that 'from
^ Pcnaa Gulf to India, as well as thai
^ ilexaadietta to Constantinople and
nenoa. 5ot only all Syria, but ako a great
?^tioa of Alia aad Afiiea, especially Egypt,
^W eofered wiUi new lines connected with
tK uiii nmte, lo as to form but one network of
^>^!i, like those in Europe. All the nations
^tiKenthwiU be then fike one familr, its
sxabos being tied to eadi other wilih the
^ <if kyre and fraternity. And thos will be
^^Hie holy teit which says: '< In that
^«Mlftere be a highway out of Egypt to
^^V^ aad the Assyrian shall eome into
£f7K sad the %yptaan into Aaiyria, and the
^^??^ ihaU serre with the Aasyrians. In
^^ dun Israel be the Oiird with £g^
^ vim Amyxia, even a blessing in the nudst
^ had: whom the Lord of Hosto shaU
^ HTOg, BleaKd be Effypt my people,
^ ^fTiia die work of my nands, ana Israel
^ iakritiaoe." (Uah xiz. 23, 24, 25).
^I^ztnct from ^'Tbe Syro-Mesopotamian
^jL iharm, Splitting, cleaviDg, cutting
slightly. Fiwnres in the noae.
iMjJ^ihumuiat (pLc^Uj^and j;j \jJ^ ),
The cone or clue of a silkworm. A cocoon.
JljjJ* «^anrd/, Prawers, trousers.
^^j^ iharltb, Water neither salt nor
sweet Drinkable.
-j^ shuruh {pi. of ^^), Explana-
tions, commentaries ; rudiments, dements.
Jjj^ iharod, Flying, being terrified.
j^jJ^ ihurnr (pi. J--), Iniquities, evils.
ki^ «Atirii^, Conditions. Seel?^. S^j^^
}^\dy^^, The aitides and oonditions
of peace.
9^j^ shuru^f A beginning, commence-
ment, onset, attack ; entering. To commence,
to undertake. ^ ^j J ^^j^ /^
And he ordered his ministers ef state to pre-
pare themselves for the journey, and to get
ready his lu^|[age, and everything that might
be required in such a circumstance, and ao-
eoidingly they commenced the preparations.
\^ ^ c^^-^ ^^ "^-^ "^ T*
\
cr* -
^c:
^■.
jlsIjuU
\^Jl»A\ , Then I began to weep
and wail for myself until vexation overpowered
me ; and I blamed mvself for that which I
had done, and for my having undertaken the
voyage and fatigue.
jjl^ *Aiir«it, Bising (the sun).
ZjL thari^, Desire, aridity, gluttony.
t^^j^ shirpdn, A tree of which bows
are made. An artery.
f^j^ 9harth or <&a^2/^9 An oblong slice
^of meat. [Wicked-
j J« thirrir, A worthless scoundreL
iLxj^ fhari^tf Law, justice. ^^mJ^
Athshart^ah, The Arabs call the river Jordan
hy tiiis name ; they do not make use of the
name Urdun, or Nahr-el-urdun, which is used
in the Bible and in other books. The breadth
of Ihe Jordan between the two principal lakes
is between sixty and eighty feet; butitsdept^
I
(198)
18 ahont ten or twehe. In winter it OTerflowB
its narrow channel, and, swelled by the rauu,
forms a sheet of water sometimes a quarter of
a leagne broad. The time of its OTerflowing
IB generally in March, when the snows melt
on the mountains of the Anti-Lebanon, at
which time its waters are troubled, and of a
yellow hue, and its course is impetuous. . Its
banks are covered with a thiok forest of reeds,
willows, and Tarious shrubs, which serve as an
asylum for wild beasts and different kinds of
birds*
v^^ %haifif^ Noble, eminent, holy.
A nobleman, a gentleman (especially the de-
scendants of Manomet) ; the prince or sheriff
of Mecca.
^^Sjjli sharll, A partner in trade, a
companion, an associate, an accomplice.
kl«Aa^, The bank of a river. i^yi\\iJi>
shatui larab, That part of the Eupluates and
Tigris united and running together nrom Koma
down to the Persian Ou&.
^Lk^ shatdrai, Alacrity, ability. f^\^
Verily I re^^ard this breach as a snare ; and the
vroverb saith on this subject : Caution is the
half of cleverness. Caution, therefore, reouires
me to examine this breach, and to see if I can
find there any snare that may lead to perdition
and destruction.
JaJi» thatr, The half or part of a thing.
The two fore or the two hinder teats of a
camel One side or pari
^JoJi» shairanj, Chess.
]nViti shatat, Injostice, oppression, excess.
Falsehood, a lie.
j\mJ^ M^dr, A distinctive mark or sign.
^\^ sha^dc. Light, splendoiir, lastre,
array. yj,^^i^\ clbl, The rays of the
sun. ^U^,EadiaL Lc\*Jii ^jbS^,
Badial lines, radii.
^^U-1 shu^dyir^ Signs, symhols. The
public service, or a panegyric on God and the
prophet performed at Mecca ; a symbol of obe-
dience to God. Any animal sacrificed or
offered in a gift.
k^ x* Ml ^ha^h (pi. Cjj^), People, a
nation. A laige and noble tribe, distinguished
by the fame of their founder ; also abranch
m>m sueh a tribe.
^wMM sha^dn, The eighth Anbiaa
month. A man's name.
ihm^at, The hranoh of a tree.
Ramification. Derivation. A part sepantied
from the whole; distance between brancho,
horns. The projecting members of « hone (ai
the head, bseost).
^ sha^r, Hair. L^\^i iJ^JJ iZJi/J
_:J^li * ^-^^ \a^\ja3 l=Ju^^3
forth three locks of her hair one night, aod
then made them together fonr nights; asd
she turned up her mce towards the moon of
heawn, and (by so doing) she showed me tro
moons in the same instant. (It means tkit
her bur was black like the night, and her
lace as bright as the moon.)
jKii ihi^f Poesy, verse, metre. 4J Uli
idJiX^ iXe <".jiup iSj^*s^^^9 And afUr
having recited his verses, he wept so rnacb
that he fell down in a fit, and he remained
in it a long time.
shu^d, (pi. o{jS.\j^)f Poets. J,^
j/\ cJi^j c^ ^\ ii^
W^>j v-=^' ^Vj «^^!v tr*
vjUj Jjb\ kj:,m l^=^^, I am a king,
and the son of a king. I read the Kmr-aa
according to the seven traditions, and perasiC
various works under the tuition ana guid-
of different learned professors. I
\
^
ance
studied astroloey, and the eompoaitio&a of tht
poets, and msde myself so proficient in tlw
sciences that I surpassed all my contempo-
raries.
ij,\jfLii sha^dhl, Very hairy.
ijxJ^ sha^at, One hair. Hoariness
SM^ratf Pubes et pecten (pec mnliebris).
^yii^ th^hrtyfffih, YermiceliL
JilLmJ^ Mha^tha^t, Splendour, light, re
flection.
11kJ1» ihu^lai, Light, splendour, lustn
shining, flashing, coruscation. Fire, flame,
mixture of white on the tail.
SJy-:. shu^al (pi. of u-^ot^), Nations
Ui
(199)
U^
j^ iiu^i^r, Intelligence, intellect, on-
derrtanding.
LxJii Sha^d, The prophet Isaiah.
jjtJii thaOr, Barley.
ij^ dia^rat, One grain of barley.
^^JLl dioffhh, A tumult, noise, disturb-
ance, oomfTELon, crie^ Uunentatioii, shrieking.
AerasatioiL Saucdnesa. Shaghibf A fomeator
^.JmJL tkaghff Violent love, passion.
Jii dmghl (pL JU^l luhghdV), Occu-
patlon, employment, business. ^«^jj
t-i-aJl^ ^/-U\ Jlfcil ^<-a5^ i^jij^
1^ -
And he pat tiie royal crown upon his head,
«ated upon the tlirone of his Kingdom, and
perfonned the affairs of the people, deciding
i^nitablj between the strong and the weak;
ud ezactiiig for the poor man his dae from
liie emeer : wherefore the people loyed him
exceedingly.
Im tihafd^ Cure, recovery of health.
To be cured; to cure. UiJ|^1j, An
hospitaL *h\^ <^::-^ UlC^ Jr^ J^
» l»Av •;1\ JJ ^jtixUS L::.w>i^ ^^^^*^
UlC O ^ ^ ^ u^.^ ^j
^j^AiUilJ J^^ c:Jl9, Had I wept
before ihe did, in my passion for Saada, I had
beakd mT loal before repentance came ; but
«he wept Wore I did : her tears drew mine ;
afid I nid, The merit belongs to the precedent.
m
ijy^ 1 » They said : Thou ray est upon
him whom thon loTest. And I replied: The
a^/d&a^, Deprecation, iotercession,
rccnmBiendation. iytuS 4JLMM..3 JuJ^
j^U^ ^La^ USj CDUlifiJl , And
he invested me with a handsome and costly
dress, and I became a person high in credit
with him in intercessions, and in acoomplishing
the affairs of Uie people.
uJlJLl %h%ffsf^ Transparent.
i\sJi^ ahtfdh (pi. of ^), Lips.
JbU-l shufdht, Having large lips.
" Labial, yerbal.
gJdL shafarahy The edge of a sword.
ft^ ahafa^, Deprecating, interceding.
Wishing to add a neighbouring state to one's
possessions.
Ui^ (pi. of <,»flA), Advocates.
IjuJ^ shuf^at, Redemption. Any pos-
session coveted.
JaJL shafak. The crepuscle, twilight, or
ruddiness in the sky, from sunset till total
darkness.
iAAJ^ shafkaty Compassion, pity, mercy,
clemency, indulgence. jJ-c ^^f^^ ^
^-Cj A^um:*- J^'j ^J^JiJ\^ «U-U^
v^*Xs)U <iJi, Then they (fem. pi.)
went in to their brother, and saluted him;
and they saw that his charms hod become
altered, and his complexion had become sallow,
and his body had become lean ; wherefore they
wept in pity for him ; and they sat with him,
ana cheered him, and comforted his heart by
conversation.
^f^ shafmoly Labial (letters).
m_,^'<i^ »hafl^, An advocate, a patron.
^zJd^ shafik, Merciful, compassionate,
condoling.
fjj^ shak, A fissure, a ci'ack, a crevice.
To tear, split, divide. Shtkk, The half; as
much as a horse, etc., carries upon one side;
also the space between the two loads. A bro-
ther. The roost prominent part of a mountain.
Trouble, difficulty.
U--» ahakdy Misery, disgrace, adversity.
jU-i sh^k, Discord, opposition, hos-
tility, rebellioYi, felony. Shukak^ Fissures in
the hands or feet. A disease in the feet of
horses.
ILi
(200)
U&
S^Um) ahakdwat, Misery, di8grace,poYerty.
(Ji^AJ^ shakdjfii, Sisters, fissures, eto.
(JUju (Jii^ $hal^k na^m&nl, or ^\aJL
^UjcJI, Tlie anemone. ^^UjcJI ^IL^
ihakaik anno^man, The anemone and the
^^^ j1 adharywrn, which is said to be
a variety of anemone, and the myrtle, called
M and rihan^ are held in ^reat yeneration by
the Ansariah, who inhabit the mountaina of
Latakia. They consider these flowers as the
incarnation of the Deity. This has connexion
with the worship of Aaonis, who was changed
by Venns, at his death, into an anemone, and
whom the Phoenicians nsed to adore as the
personification of the sun. There is no donbt
that the same worship now exists among the
Ansariah, who are, after all, the descendants
and representatiyes of the Phoenicians. They
also hold in great yeneration the bay-tree, the
So^n} of the Greeks, called in Arabic and in
Turkish A;i J dafrU; and this, of course,
in commemoration of the goddess Daphn^
who, when flying from the enamoured pursuit
of Apollo, was converted into the laurel-tree.
All these peculiarities, which seem now so
strange to tne unlearned, have connexion with
the worshijps of ancient times, of which they
are the disngured remains, as some ruins are
the remains of old cities.
AsU^ ahikkat, The half, especially of any-
thing split the long way. [plexion.
\jSJii shakrd, A woman of a rosy com-
ijSJ^ ahukrai, A clear shining red colour.
c*AA^ ihakf, An earthem pot, a potsherd.
fjSJ^ ahikak or shukak(j^]. of <U^), Pieces.
j^Ll ahukiik (pi. of Jm&), Fissures.
^U^ shakah, A fissure, a notch. A letter.
^JLl ahaki, Poor, miserable, wretched.
Wicked, yillanous. Petulant, insolent
^Ojfl.^ ahalaf, Split or divided into
halves. One half. A brother uterine. A
strong call
<iA>Lij ahaktkat, A fissure, a crack, a
crevice, a notch. One side (of the head). A
I>ass or space between two mountains. A
sister german.
(JSJ^ ahak, Doubt, ambiguity, suspicion.
J Id ahikdl, A horse-tether of goat's-
hair. A surcingle. [tion.
tJL^\^\LLahakdwat (pi. of i^), Accusa*
Juld ahikdyat, A lamentation, a com-
plaint, an aocuaation.
Jj^ ahukr or ahukur. Praise (of God),
gratitude, returning thanks. j^%
^U£ i3x^^ , And he ordered the wezeer
to nve out to the poor and the needy, and the
widows and others, a hundred thousand piecei
of gold as a thank-offering to God (whoM
name be exalted !), and as an alms on his put
^^l^d ahukrdn^ Gratitude, acknowledg-
ment; assent, complacency.
JiLl ahaklf Pigure, form, shape, manner,
mien, face, appearance, effigy, semblance, mode,
spedes.
tfj^ ahakw, Complaining, relating a state
of one's maladies. \^J^, A complaint,
i^J^ ahakwaty Complaint. Aocusatioiu
j^ ahakar. Grateful. Thankful.
C^^ ahuknk (pi. of dC^), DoubU.
v^yLl ahakwa* (see \y^)t Accusation.
ji^]j< ahaiwdr, Loose and long trousers
A^ ahamm, Smelling, the smell.
tJL'^AJtt ahamat, Eejoicing at the distress
of another.
^UJ« ahamdtah, Clamour, noise, tumuli
^^UJi ahimda, A horse of a bad dispa
sition, enduring no rider, or throwing him
(jmULmi ahammda, A deacon.
^\aJL ahammd^, A maker of wax candles
JU^ ahimdl, The north. The left hand
Shimdl or ahumdl (pi. JjUm^), Dispo
sition,innatequality. ^U^, Northern
Do just as thou wilt, and say what thou pleaaeti
Ana lighten to the right, and thunder to the Icf
(JjUJ» ahamdyil, Yirtues, talents ; abili
ties of mind and body. If^jl jj ^r-)l?
^^\ JJU^Jl ^\ U^\ \m6 ^\ L
jLmjJS ^^ , And she said to her nurse
What is the name of this young man of cornel
qualities who is among tlie solmers ?
J^
(201)
JLJi ihamafin^ Odours, perfames.
u!d ikmimelf One odour, sniff, [dates.
J^ %kmrdih^ A branch or cluster of
y^l thitmrai, The herb fennel.
^/UM likms (fern.), The sun.
^j^ ikmtlj Solar. <L 4.A aham^ai,
An umbrella. <Uu*4>.il ^l/^* Auru/
iUm^ Hie solar letters. 'Diose letters
viueh, Yfaea in Arabic phrases tbej commence
I ions or ^ectiTe hanng the dennite article
J < df The, before them, require that,
in pnmimciation, the sound of the J
tfaoaU be omitted, and their own sound redu-
plicated, as in the case of the word
(^M«JI 6th-ihefM, The sun. Those
lettetsareo-, i*j, J, J, j,J, ^,
wT' u*» u^> ^t ^t and jj; the
others being styled ^^ '— !2;^» Aitrtl/
^mmifeh, Lunar letters.
j«w^ Shanukln, Shamskin is one of
t^ principal Tillages of the Hauran. It is
iiniated on the Haj road, on some elevated
round, by the side of which flows the Wadi
Hereir.
^ <Aw»^, Wax, wax candles.
^ .Xa^C tkama^n, A candlestick.
**^iA«i^a (pi. ^y^)9 A wax candle.
Ui irj^y ^u^ iiJjl y^aj Uli
"^"^ W**dtt^ jl^JoJ^ l^«J>j^,When
^ Ealeefeh saw it, he felt its weight, and
•orad it to be heavy. And he gave a hun-
^ pieces of gold to the fisherman, who went
^*&7: ThUe Meiroor, assisted by Jaafor, took
^ ^e chest, and conveyed it, in company
^ the Shaleefeh, to the palace, where they
J^^ the candles, and placed the chest be-
fc^- the Khaleefeh.
c')*^ SAwi^ilii, Simon Peter.
<^*^ «*«i^I, Waxen, of a candle.
4-^^ «*««/, Comprehending, containing,
SnmwB&j on all sides. Union. The union
^^ iorefi, the contrast of separation.
* Uyuih>-^ S^y» Would that the day
of separation had never been ! No sleep re-
mains in my eyes. The union of us and thee
is broken, and our strength and our body have
perished!
^Uyl shammahj A single whiff or sniff of
odour, a slight tinge.
M^j^ ahamlm, Odour, perfume, fragrance.
iz[:J^ ahand^i, Baseness, a horrid crime.
Turpitude, brutality.
^1:^0 ihandyt^ (pi. ofAjuiJii), Shameful
actions, vices, crimes, villanies.
cJ^ ahank, Hanging on a gibbet. JUi
iLUJ\ feliili l^-U ^>1 ^^ ^\
l^jL^^t^ syoi L^\j Js. ^.A:JLJ^\^
-•^i::j -^ jisrvli , And Jaafar said : 0
Prince of the Faithful, am I the watch-guard
of the murdered that I should discover her
murderer P Thereupon the Khaleefeh was
enraged, and ordered him to be hanged at the
gate of his palace, and that a public crier
should proclaim in the streets of Bagdad,
saying : Whosoever wishes to witness the
action of hanging Jaafar Alharmakite, the
wezeer of the Khaleefeh, let him come forth
to witness it !
ahan^, Baseness, deformity.
ahani^, Base, shameful, odious,
hateful, deformed, abominable, hideous, detest*
able, shocking. Anj^^ ^V^^' ^^^'
agreeable news. JtJ c^\J ^^jJb \j\j
\j^S^ L^"^' Thereupon she
r *
said, Sleep on thy night, and mayest thou
never wake again ! I abhor thee and detest thy
ugly £Eice. My soul is weary of thv company :
I do not know when he will tase thy soul
away, so that I may get rid of thee !
(202)
j^
\^ ihaunvd, A roaster of meat.
^\^ shawdjir, Thiogs ayertiDg or pre-
Tenting. Acddents of forttme.
r^j^^ shaw&rib, The whiskers.
Jf^ shauwdl, The tenth Mahometan
month, in the beeinninf of which they cele-
brate their festival callea Beiram.
^1^ shawdmikh, High mountains.
JJb|^ shatffdhid (pi. of JJbUi ), l^itnesses.
^j^\yit shawdhln, Falcons, hawks.
t„^\^ shawdyh (pL of ^Ll), Imper-
fectioDs. [mnnicipal court.
\ji^ or i^jy^ shawrd, A council, the
b^^ shurhd, Broth, sonp, gruel.
b^ ahawt, A course or round (in running,
especially in the ceremonies of nmning per-
formed by the pilgrims to Mecca).
^^ ahawk, Love, desire, affection, incli-
nation. Alacrity, gaiety, cheerfulness.
sleep who has lost somnolency, and is wakeful
at night whilst otiiers repose P She possessed
riches, family, and glory; bnthas become a
stranger and solitary. :^ire and groaning are
in her bosom, and violent longing that cannot
be exceeded. Passion has gained dominion
over her. She moaneth for her sufferings;
but is firm. Her state, under the influence •
of love, showeth that she is mourning and
afflicted, and her tears are witnesses.
_3^ ihawki, Loving, cheerful.
CSyJ^ shawk, Thorns. ^ ^J^'i CXil
L,-^;.nH CJy^\ innaka Id tajnl min ash
shawki al^nab. Thou canst not gather grapes
from thorns.
SSyL shawkai, One thorn. Majesty,
power, grandeur, magnificence, dignity, pomp.
ij^ ihawnat, A granary.
c-.)\f^ tMhdh, Bright stars; the noe-
tunial fires, commonly called fidling stsn. The
name of the late princely fiuniliea in Hoist
Lebanon.
ifjlfSi shahddat, A testimony, attesta-
tion, witnessing. Evidences, eye-witneneB.
JulfMi thahdmaif Gfenerosity, noblene»
of mind. Bravery.
^^>.|i<i shahdb, The colour of aahes. A
mixed colour where white predominates.
Lf^ shuldfdf Ash-coloured (she-sss (x
damel) verging to white. The Boinsme of
, Aleppo. Aleppo stands in an open plain, ei-
compassed at the distance of a few miles by
low nills, and comprises, including Us exten-
sive suburbs and the intermediate valleyi, i
circuit of seven miles. But the city itself is
not above three miles and a half in drcoD-
ference. The walls are of hewn stone, abcsl
thirty feet high, and twenty broad. They
bear nowhere marks of high antiquity; Vat
are supposed, from the massive s^le of tfee
architecture, to be of Saracen eonstmetioiL
There was originally a broad dee^ fosse, bat
it is at present filiea up with rubbish, c^ coo-
verted into garden grounds. The appesxasee
of the city from without is much disfigured Vj
this accumulation of filth. There are nvx
gates — two to the south, two to the east, two to
the north, and three to the west. The citr is
supplied with good water from twospriogs
which are near Hevlan, a village abuot
eight miles to the nortnward. This aqueduct
is supposed to have been coeval with the dty ;
but IS said to have been repaired by the mother
of Constantine, and subsequently by Melek ^
Daher, the son of Saladin. The town a
divided into districts, each of them inhabited
by a distinct population. The principal ci
called the City, is where the Boropeans i
the chief TurVs reside. £1-Diedaide is is
habited by the Christians of all sects.
Jews are restricted to a quarter called Bahsitaj
The Turkmen, Curds, and Arabs, live in th^
faubourgs to the east of the dty. The popi^
lation is now from 100,000 to 120,000.
Lfl Shohbdf Shohba, which is now tb^
seat of the principal Druse Sheikhs of Hauiaq
was formerly one of the chief dtiea of iiu|
country, as is attested bv the remaining tow^
walls, and the ma^puncent public edified
which once adorned it The walls, which u|
of the usual height, may be traced all roopj
the city, perfect in many places, and nearj
four mues m circumference. There ia now ti
ditch. This ma^ficent old town posBeej
numerous interesting ruins.
kXf^ ahahd, Honey-comb.
\j^ shuhadd (pi. of >.V{A)> Martyii
l*>fil\ ^^IJyThehiBtoiyof themartyn
^
(203)
jf-» iWr, A month. ^^\ C-^LJ\ ^^^ J
\ jj xl 'IG dJlc , Then the damsels
reauinnl with him daring the Bptoe of a whole
moith, ebeering him bj their eoeiety and
earesBog him ; hut eTery daj be Mcame
voiK, iod whenerer thej beheld him in this
state, they wept for him yiolently.
ij^ Mrak, Benown, fame, reputa-
tion, dimlging, celebrating, rendering illus-
trioiB. Bumour, report. [(Persian).
i-y^jtii thokuidt^ A king's son, a prince.
V^ MM, Grey eye.
•f- ddm (pi. /♦Ifl), Nimble, active,
s^ft Bold, aodacioiis. Ptndent, ingenious.
Of gieat authority (a chief). [(Perrian).
J'^ sMimhdh, The king of kings.
^'*tt ikahw&t (pi. of iy^), Desires.
Cirnal appetites, sensuality.
J ;fl ihahwdni (fem. ^\^ shahwdni'
if^), Pertainiog to the appetites and passions.
^^^!^ [lasciYiousness.
iti^ ihahwat, Desire, appetite, sensuality,
'ijili tkuhiid, Being present or an eye-
vi!D£is. WitnesseSieTidenceSjpresentatthefact.
■•it lAitAfir, Months.
jf*' ^^f Lasdyioos. Desirable. ZijSbS
m
*rfi»i Exquisite viands.
^ lAa^ii, A martyr. The Mahom-
Maa law distin^niaheB seTeral different kinds
» martjra. This honourable title is giren
Vj ths Kddier who diea in fighting for the
-Mth, or on his way to do so, or who dies
'^°'&<diatdy after baring been wounded when
*) SBgifed ; to a person who innocently
ae(te hu death from the hands of another ;
^ i Tietim of the plague, who does not flee
™ the disease, or of dysenterr ; to a person
^9 is drowned; and to one who is killed by
tae hSang of a wall or boilding. It is said
J'>«ttlje lonia of martyrs, after quitting their
r«j*»» nnde, until the day of resurrection,
*n ^^ wrpses of green birds, which eat of the
^'^ ttd drink of the waters, of Paradise.
^''*^;^1) <^\ ,\ J I A ihahldfd Mh tool
jy** The martyr of lore and affection, El-
Mi^nad fdates that, accompanied by a party
i^^^ be riated the Conyent of Heraclius,
»M« aadiuQ were uider treatment. We
saw, saiih he, in a privste chamber, a youtb of
surprising b^uty sitting upon a skin, with his
heaid unooTered, and his eves fixed upwards to-
wards the walL We salutea him, and he returned
our salutation without looking at us. One of
the party said to me, Recite to him some
poet^, for then he will speak ; and I recited
these two verses : ^* 0 thou best of all men to
whom Eve has given birth, but for thee the
world were neither beautiful nor pleasant ! The
man to whom God showeth thy countenance
has obtained immortality, and will grow
neither decrepit nor hoary ! " Thereupon,
turning towards, us, he recited the follow-
ing verses : '* God knows that I am in afflic-
tion. I cannot express the pain I feel. Two
souls have I ; one place contains one soul,
and another place the other. I imagine that
my absent soul is like my present, and that she
experiences what I do!" Then he asked,
Have I said well or ill ? Thou hast said ad-
mirably well, answered we. Then he stretched
forth lus hand to a stone that was by him, and
took it. We imagined that he would smite us
with it, and we fled from him ; but he be^n
to beat violently his own breast with it, sayug
to us. Fear not : approach and hear ! We ap-
proached him, and he recited these verses:
" When they made their white camels kneel
down, near daybreak, they mounted, and the
camels departed with my beloved! My eye,
through tne interstice of the prison, beheld
them ; and I said in my anguish, with tears
overflowing, 0 camel-dnver, turn, that I may
bid her farewell ; for in parting, and in bidding
her £ur6well, I shall die ! I am faithful to the
vow of love, and have not broken it. Would
that I knew how she has acted with reeard to
it ! " Then looking towards me, he saio. Hast
thou any knowledge concerning^ her, and how
she acted P She is no more, said I ; may God
have mercy on her ! Upon this his counten-
ance became pale, and he sprang upon his feet,
and said, Man, speak ! how knowest thou that
she is no more ? Had she been alive, answered
I, she had not left thee in this state. It is
true, replied he ; but I also love not life after
the loss of her. Then his muscles quivered,
and he fell upon his face. We hastened to his
assistance; we moved him; but he was no
more!
j^ ahahir, Celebrated, famous.
(J^^ ihahlk, Making a murmuring
noise in the throat, as an ass before braying.
Sighing, sobbing, groaning, drawing the last
breath.
A:»f& shahtm, Prudent, ingenious.
t shay, A thing, anything, something,
somewhat. _^lt. Nothing. ^^^^;:i:Jli
L:.g,Lfl fjai ^JQ * ^Uio iizJJo Uf«^
(204)
And they all turned their faces towards him,
and said to him, We are all at your disposal,
and whatsoeTer thon demandest, we will do it.
But tell us thy tale, and conceal not from us
aught of thy affairs.
nhaydtln (pi. of ^^Ik^), Devils.
ihayh^ Growing grey (the head),
becoming old ; white hairs, hoariness.
\*J^ shdyhd, Grej-hidred (woman). ^lLJ
The last night of the month.
ihaylaty Hoariness. See l-^^-mI.
,^J^ shl\ The wormwood of Pontns,
which destroys worms. [Growing old.
^^^ shaykh and h>-^sxl» (pi. ^^li^Ll),
;^Ji» shaykhf A venerable old man, a
man of authority, a chief, a prelate, prior,
abbot, a superior of the dervises or Mahometan
monks ; a doctor learned in religion and law,
a great preacher.
XA\ :,fJL BhayUu-'UisUimy The chief
doctor-of-law in Turkey (this office bein? at
once equal to those of the Lord Chancellor
and Archbishop of Canterbury in England.
I«^f ;^ ShayhhU'l'Earm, The
Prince or Goyemor of Medina.
j]j^ 8hlrd%, A celebrated city in Persia,
the birth-place of Shaykh Sadl, the author of
the Gulisten, Bostan, etc., whence he is like-
wise called Shir&zi. Shiraz, the second city
of Persia, province of Persia Proper, was
formerlv the capital of the empire, and is
situatea in a yalley 115 miles N.E. from
Bushire. It has always been celebrated for the
beauty and fertility of its neighbourhood, which
has been warmly eulonzed by the poet Hafiz,
a native of the city, it is surrounoed by high
walls, flanked with round bastions, and has
six gates, each with two towers. Shiraz is
celebrated for its wine. The jnincipal vine-
yards are situated at the foot of the mountains
to the N.W. of the town, where the soil is
rocky, and the txpog^ extremely &vourable.
From Bushire the chief imports are spices,
Chinese and Indian goods of all kinds, iron,
lead, quicksilver, glass wares, woollen cloths,
muslins, linens, arms, ammunition, cutlery,
and other European manufactures. These
goods, with salt from the neighbouring lakes,
are sent to Ispahan, Teheran, and lazd, in
exchange for the manufactures of those' cities,
and other products. The exports to Bushire
consist prmcipally of wine, rose-water, and
otto- of roses, assafoetida, dried fruits, silk,
goats' hair, Caramanian wool, saffron, drugs,
horses, orpiment, madder, and tobacco.
iA^Jti thlthah, A bottle, flask, phial,
cup, carafe.
jU
u^ thayt, Being bomt up.
^Ik^Mi shaytan, Satan, the deril, a
, demon. ^J ^j< J ^^^^\ The
devil does not destroy his own vineyard.
^k*^ shaytanaif Devilry, impisbnes,
malice, mischief.
SjuJ^ »hl^at (pi. ^J^ »^iya^), A multi-
tude following one another in pursuit of tiie
same object. ^iu.AJ1^ The sect of All.
A^ shtyam (pi. of A^^Ja ihinuU), Quali-
ties of the heart, points of natural (mt moral
character.
^ ahlmat, Habit, nature, an excel-
lent disposition. (^^^^ ^ " -""^ ^^^
^^jM \i^\ <Ug.A, Hear my story,
understand my words, and my Teradtr ^31
become evident to thee; for fiilsehooa is t
characteristic of the hypoeiite.
^^ iMyakh (pi. of ^), Old men.
senators, doctors, prelates, religious men, sa^-
L;-^^ shaykhakhaf, Old age.
^ shiyH^ Being romoared abroad.
^ idd, The fourteenth letter of th<
alphabet. In arithmetic it expresses 90. aa^
is the abbreviature for^L?, the second
Mahometan month.
j\c sdbir, Patient
^y,\^ idhUn, Soap. kS^^9 A soap
maker.
-P.L0 sdjf A round oonTex plate of iroij
on which the Arabs of the desert bake breaj
in round cakes, over the emben.
i^^nXfi 9dhih, A Mend. A title <
courtesy equivalent to Master. v,,^"wl
jLifif, Esteemed, enjoying reputation
.Ijcil i^^rtXa, Potent, possessed d
power.
_»-li0 8dhl, Eecovering one's senses <
health after intoxication. A serene sky.
^ jU tdUr, Flowing, originating, emeij
(205)
m^, tpnapag up or oat. Ariimz, goinZt
rtonmif . HnrtiBg tbe breast, nodnoed,
IJL0 «Alt, Trae, just, nncere, in-
gan«i,gtwL
1 - -=-'^^ One who cails. JLJ J
<w
4U^^^ f j^^« ^ '^ question ono
vbovati^p, bit look to hit eonditbn.
Mj^Orm, A Aarp sword* Aa in-
trepidksdy
i^'iiff ia^t2»<y lightning, a thunder-
b(^l0«inl%tluiiider.
1
^ mW** 4d^hati, Borax.
i-J*' M/ Fore, dear, anoere, candid,
;^ « j^ uJU*U ^^, I also
i3Bd(d 1^ tile iilaiid with the rert, and lat
-7 1 qnnug of pore water among the treet.
^*.^ 10^, A Mower on the Ante or
F?e,akiMr,awhiiUer.
mm*
.J<^ ta/i {teuL ^w), Pore, clear,
'^ ^ri^ty innHifll, limpid, miww'ga<i^ nn-
(CR, >M>4ld.
ij<j tdkHf A polisher, etc.
(^ id/a (ieaL Zj^U), Good, apt, fit,
P"^ jvt A man of probity and honosr.
c-v«'w» fdrnU (pL ^jj^U), Silent
t^'".* Jd«^, (God) the Creator. An
KtSeer.
V^i^, Bi^t, straight, hitting the
c'vt ^Jclt (^..JLtf Advising right
jj'- idyi^i (pL ^L^), A 'goldsmith.
f^ idjfm, One who fi»t8.
V mI^, Effosion. US1 l^...^^, Pouring
*?* *«i^ or jtfid. The zephyr, a gentle
I** • t nfrcdiiag wind (generallj blowing
***e eart at the eqpinox). Yoi&i,youth-
'r*"KBinng(astar). Coming forth
(*too^Ma,ete.)- Watching the motionfl of
*',?'*"J«pon(aa enemy). Chanffing one*i
'^l^^i-'- apoatatifing from Kahometini,
ttd beeoaiag a Sabean. This ia one of the
mort ancient religion* we haTC any traces of,
bein^ sapposed to be that which preTailed in
Pema proTions to the reign of Kiihtasp
(Darins Hystaspes) ; when it gave way to that
of the Magi, toen introdnoed by Zerdnst or
Zoroaster. They beliered in one God, and in
the minirtry of angels, or inferior deities, as
represented by the stan, which became in con*
seqnenee high objects of their adoration. They
held many tenets in common with the Ma-
hometan, the Ma^pan, the Jewith, and even
the Christian rriigion, being by trarelieri
called Chiistians of St John, beeanse they
adopted a species of baptism. Their chief
pilgrimages were to Hann in Mesopotamia,
to Mecca, and to the pyramidsjof ^fj^U which
they sapposed to be the tombs of Seth, and
his sons Enoch and Sabi, whom they considered
This
the fbnnders of their £uth. Thii was the
principal reli^on of the Arabians before Mos-
leausm, and is one of those tolerated by the
Alcoran on paying a certain tribute to the
Prophet and nis snccessoia.
l)\^ sabdhatf Lore, desire. ^**»^
JuLidlK The ardonr of love.
^L^ sabdh. The morning, the dawn,
aurora, j^^ r\^f Good morning;
to which they answer, j^^ rWk»
0 ! good day (to yon also). JJJ^ \^\
jX^\ 9y>'^\ \^j^ J^ Ju,0 night,
if then most fly away, fly not with wings ! for
there is no satisfaction to my eye in the morn-
ing ! How can I bnt hate the morning, since
it IS therein that the beantiful of &oe is to be
remoTcd away from me P
^Lm0 uh&hatj Beauty, comeliness.
iLi0 idbdgh^ Colour, tincture. 411^ «a^-
6a^A, A dyer, tinger, painter.
ijLi0 idbdwat^ Childhood, minority of age.
LLm0 iobdjfd, (Hrls, damsels.
,^tubh, The morning, the dawn, aurora.
iahr, Patience, toleration. Being
patient. jS^\ ^\sJbtjf^\ Patience is
the key of glory (a proverb). ^jCj^^,
The small Arabian aloe. (JUcu^^*^ ,
The worst species of aloe. ^»C^- 1 Jl|J
Uf^
(206)
♦ ^j ^LS U ^, Thus has God
decreed upon my forehead with respect to my
estrangement and my disjunction from my
connt^ and my family and my sisters ; there-
fore I must endure with heooming patience
what my Lord has decreed.
Mbghj Dyeing (cloth). Baptudng.
iibghat, Any particular distinctive
religious rite, as baptism or circumcision. A
religious dispensation.
tabur, Most patient, gentle, mild.
TA. boy, a youth.
JUm^ sablf^at, A girl, damsel, child. ]o\sx\m
\»Pr ^ JUJ \1)Jl:> Uiue tJlA\
^jj cj.^\ jii f,\A i^ ^\
tj,as^\ d\ ^5^ i^--a!^ «JJb JlJ ^
IslA^, And the Ehaleefeh was ez-
cessiyelv enraged. Grant me, said Jaafar, a
delay or three days. I grant thee the delay,
rephed the Khaleefeh. Jaafar then went forth
from his presence, and took his route through
the city, sorrowful, and saying within himself
How shall I discoyer him who lulled this
damsel, that I may take him h^ore the
Khaleefeh P
tahih, Beautiful. A lovely face.
ioblhat, The morning, the dawn.
aahlr, Patient, mild, long-suffering.
nthhayyir, Cactus. The cactus grows
in Palestine to an immense size, and forms
most of the hedges of the gardens. If the
cochineal insect, which feeds on the cactus,
were introduced into Palestine, it would have
the greatest success.
v^ sah, A special kind of official signa-
ture (equivalent to the English initialing) ; it
also represents the Latin F.S. or potUteriptum,
h\sr^ iah&hatt Society, companions.
^Is^ sahdbah (pi. of ^.'^fvLtf sah%b not
used in this sense). The companions or personal
disciples of Muhammed.
\j\a^ or ^j\^^ Sahara' (pi. of \jSf^
takra), Deserts, wilds, wildernesses.
uJl^ sahhdf, A vendor of hooks, es-
pecially of Eur*ans. [leaves, books.
sahdyf (pi. of Ai«-*), Pages,
\
nMat, Society, friendship, com
panionship. In oompany.
m
tahhat, Truth, perfection, rectitude
integrity. Health. Anything sound, entin
complete.
sahrd, A desert, a plain.
suhuf (pi. of isusr^), Boob
leaves, pages, folios. [plattti
^JLsf^ aah/ai, A plate, a large dish o
$akn, A hollow dish or platter. 1
small dish or plate. [of tii]
MAtr,Becoveryfromehriety. Serenit
.^Vfi^ tahlhf Complete, perfect, entin
itight, just, true, certain, authentac. Fre
from blemish, unbroken. Accurate, oorrtcl
Authentic news. „^^sf
b)I, An accurate historian. * - ^
wvs^ ^\ Jjb, And when she had hear
his words, she screamed with joy, and fei
down in a fwoon, and when she recovered, sh
exclaimed : 0, my lord, can it be possible r i
it true P [a pa^<
^ii^^sf^ aahlfat or sahlfah, A hook, a leai
ijsf^ Mkhrat, A rock, a huge hewn stone
\Xa saddf A sound, a tone, a reverbe
rating noise, an echo. Bust, a maty swon
Contracting rust
Si Ju^ 9tiddtt Of a rusty colour.
ij\j^ auddrai (or ^^^^l^ ij^s^)^ Th
office of a grand vizir or prime minister.
jljutf aaddk, A marriage settlement,
portion which the husband engages to give I
nis future wife.
^lju0 gadakaty True friendship, six
cerity, candour, loyalty, fidelity.
JJ^ aadad, Purpose, design, point (c
on the point of retiring).
J Ju^ Bodr^ The breast, the thorax, ij:^^.!.,^ ,!
>j\ibj\) , And she sent to her, and mac
peace vith her, and toothed her mincl, ai
\
(207)
nid to ber, I desre to go ont into the gtxden,
to mmmfsdtinA the nght of its trees and
fruhi, ud that my heizt (breast) may be
dilated by ill flowed.
jXe mdr, The beginnings tiie first part
^ (of a day). The fizrt seat of pieoedency.
Aed kc oadaeted me into a large sabterranean
daab8;nd, hanog seated me at the upper
adtftlit<^smber, brought me some fooi(
lJju0 «^, A shell, a shell-fish, a pearl,
flutbsofpeaiL An oyster. ^^f.W
d^fr), Miaf atjawdnl. The purple
M^ (mmrtxj, which was found on tiie
1^ BHr Tjre, snd wi^ wfaich tiie ancient
PIsDdiai nade liie eelebrated Tyrian dye.
Tbe Bomerm which this beantifnl purple was
&3<dBeoTered is thus related by uie mytho-
{%&tE:— As the nymph Tyros, who was
^^sni Vy HercoleB, was walking on the
tbere, her dog broke a small shell with his
fectii, nd hk mouth immediately became dyed
vi^ n brflliaDt a colour, that the nymph
^«^ to her lofer that unless he could
pnesn fiir ber a robe of the same tint, she
voeld ne htm mi more. Hercules aooord-
32iT gathered a number of shells, and haTing
^« a evment in the blood of the murtx^
F<EM&«i it to his mistress, who was first
akoid lith that splendid purple, which was
^^ffwarda imerred for the use of princes and
JAtf M, Troth, Tonicity, sinoerity.
Ij^ Vifll^jfi JJuJl, Truth is
Uoor, aad faliehood vileness.
^-U iad!a^, Alms ; that part of an es-
tite dediested to pious uses* ^ju^\ji
<^^ijJ1 ni^, Jewelled gifts are
^*v to thy heut than the times of prayer,
>ad Itvidi opense in dowers prefersed by thee
*^ M^ Beating, hmising. i^Xc
"^ (pi. c^U Ju»), A hlow, contact,
'"'^^^ idrenity, a blow of fortune.
;i^ ndir, Breasts. Vizirs, ministers.
^m
JiXc «4( /fem, J^jui), A sincere
fraad. ' " '
^J^ «f*/aA, The scrofula or evil.
'^Ir* *»ito, Explicitness of declara-
tion. ' A»-U.tf MrdAa&m, ad. *Ezpli«
citly, in the most explicii manner.
\j^ tardkh, Crying, to cry. is^y.^ tarkhdt,
A cry, an exchtmatiou. (jl^ma^ Uii
-*tjVi^ is^-^ ^Jlc , And when I heard
his words, I looked at him with a scrutinizing
eye, and recognized him ; and I cried out at
him with a great cry.
tL^ iirdt, A way, a direct road.
uJC^ Morrdf, A hanker, a money*
changer.
5j^ iurraty A group, a bundle of clothes.
j^j^ tarior (pl.y^\;^)> A cricket.
^U^ Mr^a, The epilepsy.
$arf, Turning (anything) out of
^e direction it was taking. The grammar,
accidenoes, or etymology of a language. Sheer,
mere, a^^ uJ^ tarfwa nahn (£ty-
mologj and syntax), grammar in generaL Sx-
pense, disbursement. Yicissitude of fortune.
Sir/f Pure, unmixed (wine).
^JJ^ 9arflf Grammatical
uJ^^ wrUf, Changes, vicissitudes. ^jJI
Time consists of two days ; — this happy, and
that oppressive : and life of two parts ; — ^this
pleasure, and that trouble. Say to him who
nas taunted us on account of the vicissitudes
of the time. Does fortune persecute any but
ti^e eminent P
tja surrah, A money bag, purse, or
group. The treasure sent to Mekka and
Medina each year by His Imperial Majesty
the Sultan, and yarious functionaries, fur tjie
support of yarioos officers or pensioners at-
tached to the sacred places.
f^f^ sarih, Clear, evident. Pure, un-
mixed. fC/^ Jp^ f The undisguised
truth.
u-,i*rr ia^hf Hard, difficult, arduous,
rough, troublesome, disagreeable.
j:j^ sartor, Origan. [ing.
\*)ji^ iu^ada'f Deep, long-fetched breath-
\jjt0a $a^dp Saada. A large town i^
(208)
Temeti, nitjpanuMigtflHiiu Sanaa. Shaiiitu
Bajri that it vas eelebriited for the preparadoo
of fine leather, and also tm the brautj of iti
v' V' - lajJui, Foor, indigent.
!jyt^ lu^ahat, Difflcoltf , trouble, afflio-
lifJt^ w^lli, Awent, to ascend, ^j\ mJ
Jaj\ i^j^j i^'* ^j^ iX^ OJJuw
JUy>i>rj^Ujlj j'^\j *Uj, Then
1 climbed up a loltf tree, and began to look
from it to the right and left, bat aav noDght
■ave ■kf and water, and treea and birdi, and
ialanda and sanda,
>l»jt^ ta^d. Earth, dust on the suiface
of the earth. j.a-* iX^ibe, Higher Egypt.
j\jw tighAr (pi. otjJLs), Small. XS
JJl^j, The great and the smalL ijl
tktJI t.,;,^^ , I have seen her many
times, and ahe waa my eompaiuoD when we
wereL""'- -■^^■^ - >-■ •
quaint
jjUtf laghaj/r, Bmall or venial eins.
^jL« lighr, Smallnesa, lightnesB. ^J^,
Tender age.
i^J^ tughra'. The minor term of a
ijlloginn. The noaUeit.
jJt^ laghlr (fern, ij^). Small.
i—A-e taf, A seriea, order, rank, rov, file
(of toldien).
Utf lafA, FlesBUre, joy, feativity, delight,
J J^Ul. 'liasj ^;m>£
he oeaeed not to
a jojM hMrt, and a
'. (Utf), QnalitieB.
H nbHiiyah, The
attribute* of Ood, aa
ring, knowing, etc.
M%aA, The nega-
tive attaibntca, aa fellowleaneM, il^ititii
in time or qnce, etc.
^U^ taf&r, Falenesa.
i^lL) *ag&rat, A hollow tnbe, wilh wWc
theT make a tonnd which deco|i pigtoiUi u
calu aaaea to water,
<_JlL0 (t/d/, Qoing into the order
battle. A battle, flg-ht, action.
^IftljLa Iifalan, The metropolis of Gel-
or Peraian Irak (the ancient Parthii). It
raid to have been founded above 800 ja
before the Chriatian era, and denTat iti nui
aa (uppoeed, from iipahan or tepalwi [oTaln
that being the principal atatioii for Ike Pena
armies, which, in all timea, hafa connir^
cbiefij of horae. It waa before the mft
CjTua the capital of the Persian empire ; b
Persepolia, Susa, Hadain (Ctcaiphoa), u
other cities, haiing afterwaidi allenW
6a the fall of that family", howerer, tl
djnaaty of the Uozafferiana (concucmn) i
tached IhemaelTea to Shirai, wbick coDDnii
to be the Beat of goremment till Ike eleniu
of the Sed famif]r in the sixteenth ceator
a whom, but particularly by Shah AbW tl
eat (or the Cmel), lapahan wai renJm
the moat eitenaiTe aiid moat nwgnillGeat <ss
SjLe tifiU, Qoalily, attrihnte, propert;
farm, apedea, mode, mwner, deaaiptiu
Epithet. An adjcotiTe, noon.
^^ la/k, Fardoning. Clemency. J
• t/'"' ^ Jlil) • ^^' ^ ^'^
* JL*»-1 1-1^/^ ^ ^J I Fortmie h
.%i
for the wolf from utter dcatroction ; and i
Tineyard ia for ms alone ; I hare no itaj
and liolent partner.
i«** lofhai or ia/iah (pi. ti-'U**),
face. A aide, a page, an etpanae, a turtani
JlA^ Safad. Seren leagues to the not
of Tabaiia, on the brow of a hill, standi
town or Tillage of Safad. Under the ^t>
ment of Dahcf el Omar, an Arabian ou^'
\Ju
(809)
ilooriifaedihefe, in which the Motnalifl (docton)
isstnicted yoath in the science of grammar,
ind th^ tllegorical interpetation of the Koran.
The Imemes, who hehere the M eesiali will
otabliih the seat of hie Empire at Sa&d,
hare in affection for thii place, to which they
nnrt from every part of (he globe.
^jc Sarfand, The old Sarepta, cele-
hrated ii the residence of the prophet Elijah.
Here he dwelt with the widow woman, blesa-
iagherhoRlof meal that it did not waste,
tnd h«r enne of oil that it did not fail, nntil
the Lord nstored plenty to the Imid.
jL »fr, ffiaing, whistling.
/^ «/«*, The second month of the
MihoDdaQ year. 5i/r, A cypher.
\i^ tcfri (fem.), Yellow, pale, livid.
The bile. [an egg.
Sjiff nfnU, Yellowness. The yolk of
JjjLs ufirawi, Bilious, choleric.
^"^^ tifiaf, A willow, an osier.
Jirf tafkf Flapping (as a bird its wiogs).
CUppiog the hands, applauding.
kU mfWf Brightness, the purest part.
i^ wfioat, The best or purest part.
v-^1 l^ iofwat al lalb, Purity of
^•Mrt, peace of mind.
•yrf itf/i^ Liberal ; forgiving.
^^ »ufuf{^\. of cJ-tf), ranks.
'^*ufeh, This term is generally applied
^ E?ypt to a shelf of marble, or of common
''ocf, iboQt four feet high, suOTorted by two
•r more arches, or by a single arch, under
* jf*' "* placed utensils in ordinary use,
^ u perfoming-TeflBeU, and the basm and
*»ir which arc used for washing before and
* -ff meals, and for the ablution preparatory
■V prayer. Water-bottles, coffee-cups, etc.,
«'- J|la«d upon the snffch. This term is also
*??|tai to a bench, or sofa, and to a porch, or
^M fertibnle, or the like.
j^«A {fevLLLfi), Pure, clear, bright,
"-^t^ upright,
^^ Mfihat, The surface, the exterior.
I'^lnaJest side of anything. A thin plate.
-*-ff «/ir, Sound, clangour, hissing,
'^■;»^. Singing (as a bird). A sapphire.
\^^ ufih^ (A garment) of a coarse
il'^ lid/, Polishing. Polish, lustre.
* "^ F«« or calendar for smoothing or
f;«a^ dothea. SMkJtal, A polisher, an
JuSU^tf saJtdlibat, The northern nations,
the Sclavonians, the Scythians.
jLa sakr, Any bird of prey. jSLp ^-iJ
BinT takr, The descendants of Sakr. A
powerftil tribe of Bedouins, who live br the
Dreeding of camels for the use of the pil^m
caravan, of which they have a very consider-
able number. Though smaller than the
Anatolian, Turkman, or Kurd camels, they
are better able to bear heat and thirst than
the latter.
fjLa aakl, Polishing, famishing.
vi^-^ iakak (pi. of uXtf sakk). Legal
documents issued for a court of justice.
^ sail, A basilisk, a serpent proof
against incantation (an imaginary monster
with a round face, the distant sight or sound
of which makes every creature to fly, the neur
approach of which is instant death).
iiLfi saldhat, Hardness, severity, rigour,
firmness.
SLa Boldt, A prayer, benediction. iflZJt
ijb^l. The Lord's Prayer.
^IL^ ioldta (Italian word used in Arabic),
A salad.
JLc saldh, Bectitude, probity, virtue,
integrity, honour, honesty, devotion.
dU»-)L) Boldhiyyat^ Fitness, right, validity,
authority (to act).
<Ua>>iiirfi Saldhiah, or Salahii, Is the
name of a beautiful suburb of Damascus,
lying at the foot of the western mountain,
about a mile from the limits of the city, but
connected with it by gardens, orchards, and
the villas of the rich. This name is derived
from Salaheddin, the weU-known Saladin,
King of Syria.
ijy*^ saldmora (Italian used in Arabic),
Brine, pickle.
i^^\ ^ salb, Crucifixion. To crucify.
^^ U^l Jjji ^Ul, ^LLL ^^1
And she smiled, and said to him, Did I not
tell thee that he was the son of a Sultan ? By
God ! I will make him crucify thee u^on a
piece of wood worth a couple of pieces of silver !
u^pJu^ stdh, The lion, the flank.
^^.jLitf salhl, Proceeding from the loins.
{jL^Lc Salt, The town of Salt is situated
on the declinty of a hill, or tongue of land,
14
(210)
L.^
miming into a nild and romantic yallej, and
surrounded on all sides by steep mountains.
It is almost the only inhabited place in the pro-
Tince of Belka. The people cultoyate the ground
round their habitations, and live a g^ood part
of the year under tents, to watch the harrest
and to pasture their cattle. Nevertheless
they have some dealings with the Bedouins.
Their houses are small and flat-roofed, with a
door, but rarely a window, the ceiling resting
on an arch. They rise in terraces, one above
another, on the hill, the crest of which is
occupied by a castle, with square flanking pro-
jections. The walls are thirty feet high, with
abutments of support in the ditch, and an
extensive l^e of defence, finishing with a
high terrace round a court In the hands of
natives against natives, it is almost impregnable.
£^ ndh, Peace, concord, reconciliation^
pacification. [men.
\J^ iulaU (pi. of ^U aaUh), VirtuouB
jJu0 Bold^ Hard, solid, strong. Smooth
hard stones.
JLaLtf saUal, Clay mixed with sand.
wiLtf scd^am, An abbreviation in writing
(added often to the name of Mahomet) formed
from the following words, ^lJlc ^\ ^X^
JL»^, The blessing and peace of God
be with him 1
sLa siUty A meeting, junction. The
* antecedent of a relative pronoun.
uzj\^ salawat (pi. of SjL? and ifL^),
Prayers.
ifJu0 aalutf Prayer.
8aUa\ May God look with favour
(upon Muhammed), in the ejaculation
t_--t^ »alibj A cross, a crucifix.
• ••
U^ iammd (pi. f^ 8umm), Deaf, dumb,
one that can neither hear nor be heard.
aUm0 $amdtn, Misfortune, deafness.
l::,.v»^ sami, Silence; being silent.
L.sf^\ Aib\ k^^mi> l::-^^.J1, Silence
procures love for those who keep it.
^
\j\j^, Taciturnity is an ornament, aa
in silence is security; therefore, when the
speakest, be not loquacious *. for iif tiiou reps
once of thy silence, thou wilt assuredly repd
many times of thy speech.
Ls,A>0a sumtai, Silence, taciturnity.
S4^ samad, Perpetual, eternal, peimi
nent. ["f^J
jXoa^ iomidm or X^Lo^^m^, A shal
samaghf Gum, the tears of a plai^
>,GumAnbi
an aromatic. \^,j^ \
samghat, One lump of gum.
samut, Silent.
> «mmf ^,Silent,tacitnm,Batamin
samim, Pure, unmixed, sincet
The best part (of anything). ^^
K^S&W f^A^i Prom the bottom of tl
heart, cordially, affectionately. L^
So when the Idng heard these words from b
he rejoiced, and his heart became tranquilliz^
and he thanked her for tiiem : his love for \
increased, and penetrated to his heart's cor
^^4>^^A^ aamimi, Cordial, sincere.
jj jU^ sanddid, Kings, princes, cbie
generals. Troops, battalions.
^Litf sind^f Art, industry. A p
fession, trade. i^^t Artificii
in the hand is safety from poverty.
«JLi0 9andif%^ and lZj\&\:^ iona^
Arts. * cjUL-JI ^Ji
(211)
ind IS for tiie arts of those who practise
hudiciift, their panait furnishes nothing
beyond bate maintenanoe ; and, besides that,
mef are oot grailable at all times, for the
oerose of them is chiefty confined to the
Tigoar of life. Kor hare I, on experience, dis-
coTered n single method of subsistence that
offen piizes both precious and easy to win,
tbit is tnilj agreeable, that yields abundant
gsinsy or IB t source of clear profit, except
tiut whereof Saam laid the foundation while
be OTKtised it in a^ its Tarious branches, and
iBUt iti splendour to shine in e^ery direction,
ud displayed it as a lantern to g;nide the sons
of dost [wood.
Jx^sMiaij The sandal, an odoriferous
j^Jb»0 undak (or ^^ JkX.^), A cheBt, a
casket, eo&r, box> trunk. ji^jM^jjkxs?
h/\ Ijllli tLj Jjy A«J1 ^ \i]ji
U, •i>-jj\ji\ \yJii Uli \j\j\ '\jAsry
*^;i , Jufar and Hesroor then broke it
open, and they found in it a basket of palm-
J«Te>, sewn up with red worsted. And they
mt the threads, and saw within it a piece of
cvpet, and lifting up this they found oeneath
:t n izar (a Teil), and when they had taken
op the ml they disoovered under it a damsel
^le a bar of molten silver, killed, and cut in
pitoes.
^:<^^ nnM^ Violent (wind or heat).
^ tim^ or wn^t Creation, action, pre«
pwjtioa, work.
«^ Sanul, A pleasant city in Arabia.
Tl? ancient eapital of Yemen, or Arabia Felix,
>ftl the seat of the Arab soyereigns, who were
t-Jlfid Tohaa, iuat aa the kings of Egypt were
'^ed Phanon, those of Abyssinia Negashi,
tl'^ of Persia Kesra, those of Tartary Kha-
Ua or Khan, those of the Ottoman empire
^Bltass, etc Their xeaidence was in its citadel,
'>ilisd Gamdan, where there was also a temple
^^t in ii?alry to that of Mecca (the Eaaba)
ifl coei of hrathenism. The Muasulmen say
that the eitv and citadel were founded by Shem,
tu sQfa of Noah, who, after his father s death,
'[^•^"ii^ south warda with his posterity, found
u^"* thf W site in the world, and dug the
▼'-" there nd founded the temple, and that
^ VM andeDtly called Azal. The city of
^*^3x la a lam mercantile town, situated in
a vell-itatered diatricty about 100 miles from
.^dtn.
M»^<^ A profeasion, art, trade.
M*fi
\9un^^, InduBtriousy clever-handed.
S%in\ty Artificial.
u,iv*n Binf, Article. A part, portion,
kind, species, genus, form.
i^0^ »anamy An idol, y^ sanik, Akin.
* l-jU. c-jU ^^j *^*w^5r*:>- , But
always advance boldly, even to meet a lion,
for tne boldness of the heart ffiyea speech to
the tongue, and releases from tne restraints of
false reserve, and thereby rank may be gained
and wealth secured ; wbHsreas timidity is akin
to sloth, and a cause of inefficiency, and occa-
sions delay in action and the failure of hopes ;
and to this effect are the words of the proverb :
The bold will prosper, but the timid faiL
fj^^A:^ or ^^g^eJ^*^!! Assadamein (the
two idols). A very considerable town on the
Hajji route, with several ancaent buildings and
towers, but very thinly inhabited. In one
hoar from Sanamein, there is the village of
Biay, and in one hour more Ghabarib, where
there is a ruined castle, and on the side of
the road a stone reservoir, with a copious
spring. Similar cisterns are met at everj^
station on the Hajji route as far as Mekka.
J ftiMtf «afM»u^5ar,Pine-nut,pine-tree. j^Mi^
CJU^ \i*j>^ sanatffbar harsh heirUt,
The wood of the fir or . the pine-trees of
Beyrut; or the grove of stone-pines of
Beyrut planted by the Emir Fakhreddin
Maan. In summer it is inoonvenient to
reside at Beyrut on account of the heat and
the warmth of the water. The town, how-
ever, is not unhealthy, though it was formerly,
and it has ceased to be unhealthy since the
Emir Fakhereddin planted the beautiful grove
in question. The trees are now of an immense
size and occupy an eminence which commands
a view of the sea, the promontory and town
of Beyrut. Their wide-spreadine summits
form an impenetrable shade, ana the soft
breezes from the sea as they murmur through
the boughs seem to invite the weary traveller
to repose. It ia a favourite retreat of the
inhabitants of Beyrut in summer and fine
weather.
smaf, Different sorts.
i^j*^ Uj^j^\
^
(212)
Jf^
And afterwards she enchanted the city and all
in it. The inhabitants of our city were of four
classes, — Moslims and Chriatians, and Jews
and Magians.
MMl^, Any work of art, an opera-
tion, creation, performance. ^U^c^
tanl^atf An art, an action^ a benefit, or the
person apon whom it is confeired.
8ann\n, Tbe highest range of
Mount Lebanon. The Arabian poets say
that ''the Sannin bears winter on nisheao,
spring upon his shoulders, and autumn in his
bosom, while summer lies Blee]}ingat his feet*'
That is to say, that if in Beirut you are in-
commoded bT the heats of JuIt, in six hours
you are in the mountains in the temperature
of February and March. — Dfcription of th$
Mountawii of Syria: Between Alexandretta
and the Orontes the firs, larches, oaks, box-
trees, laurels, yews, and myrtles, with which
these mountains abound, gtye them an air of
liveliness which delights the trayeller. On
some declivities he meets with cottages en-
▼ironed with fig-trees and rineyards, and the
sight of these repays the fatigue he has en-
dured on a road which, by rugged paths, leads
him from the bottoms of yallevs to the tops of
hills, and from the tops of bins to the bottoms
of valleys. The inferior chain of mountains
which extends to the northward of Aleppo nre-
eents notibing but bare rocks, without verdure
or earth. To the south of Antioch, and on the
sea-coast, the hill-sides are well suited for the
enltivation of tobacco, olives, and vines ; but
on the side of the desert the summits and de-
clivities of this chain are almost one continued
series of white rocks. The mountains of
Alexandretta are lofty, but are covered in
many places with as much earth as fits them
for cultivation by industry and labour. The
greatest part of these mountains is watered,
at d the water is very good. At every step the
spectator meets witn scenes in which nature
displays either beauty or grandeur, sometimes
singularity, but always variety. When we
land on the coast, tlie loftiness and steep
ascent of this mountainous ridge, which seems
to inclose the country, — those gigantic masses
which shoot into the clouds, — ins])ire astonish-
ment and respect. Should the curious traveller
then climb th6 summits which bounded his
view, the immensity of s^ace which he dis-
covers becomes a fresh subject of admiration.
But completely to enjoy this majestic scene,
he must ascend the highest elevation. There,
on every side, he will view an horizon with-
out bounds ; while in clear weather the sight
is lost over the desert which extends to the
I'ersian Gulf, and over the sea which bathes
the coast of Europe. He seems to command
the whole worid: while the wandering eye,
now surveying the successive chains of moun-
taiuK, transports the imagination in an instant
from Antiooh to Aleppo, and from Aleppo to
the plains' of Hums, Hama, and Dimaso
and now, approaching tbe smroundinf obj&
observes the distant profundity of me coi
till the attention, at length attracted by do
objects, is more minutely drawn to the roc
woods, torrents, hill-sidn, villages, and ton
and the mind secretly exults at the diminut
of things which before appeared so greaL 1
spectator contemplates the valley obscured
stormy clouds with a novel delignt, and smi
at hearing the thunder, which had so often bv
over his head, growling under his feet ; vl
the threatening summits of the mountains
diminished till they appear only like the f
rows of a ploughed neld, or tne steps of
amphitheatre; and the mind is flattered bj
elevation above so many great ohjects,
which pride msJces it look down with a sec
satisfaction. When the traveller visits the
terior of these mountains, the luggedness
the roads, the steepness of the descents, i
the height of the precipices strike him at fi
with terror, but the sagacity of his mule sc
relieves hixn, and he examines at his ease tfa<
picturesque scenes which succeed each other
entertain him. There he travels whole 6i
to reach a place which is in sight at his dejt
ture ; he winds, he deace&di^ he skirts i
hills, he dimbe ; and in this perpetual duu
of position it seems as if some magic pof
vaned for him at every step the decoFStit
of the scenery.
mj\y0 satodh, Eectitnde, jnstness
acting or thinking, reason, the right w^
L^\^\)f Jastly, properly.
<.J;t^ Mwdrif, The vidssitades of f<
tone, accidents, events, revolutions.
(V^^ «ati7arfffi, Sharp swonls. [bol
fj£^^ Bowd^h (pi. of ^L^), Thand<
i\yc Bowwdgh and ^W| Groldsmiths.
i^\ye 9awu)dfj A woollen-draper.
%^^^ MWdmi^ (pi. of ijL>%yc\ Hcnn
ages. [hard stooe, a rd
ij\ya MWdnat (pi. f^^y^), A species
ij^ya sawdni, China, porcelain.
i^^ sawhf A part, a side.
iZJya iawt (pi. Llj\^\)t A voice.
jy^ siir, A trumpet.
jy^ Sur, The ancient Tyre, the nJ
celebrated of the cities of Fhcenicia, and (
the emporium of the world, was founUfd \
colony of Sidonians. Various arc the opini
concerning the origin of Tyre, and the (
when it was founded. Herodotus (lib. 2, Ci
says, that he was told by the priests of T]
that the Temple of Hercules was as one
as the city, which had bean already built I
o^
(213)
U
rtm. Aeeorfior to Udf •eeovnt, Tyre was
fooodfld about the ynr 2760 before the
Cbndan at; 469 yem eflnr the Deluge,
•noring to the dnonology of the Lu.
1/ m rajere aome of the sncient mTtholo-
p^ 7jn «H fmuidfid b j Agenor, the eon
ol Kcpime and Libya, and the &ther of
CidBH, Sjrrai, Cflix, Phcenix, and Eoropa.
Itmoamed in the district allotted to the
tiibeof Aiher, thooj^ nerer completely aab-
{"jhy ibe Itraelitet. It was early eele-
"^■tBd ftt ik pre-endnenoe in the arts and
lataM, in mnmeroe and nayigation. The
^powv of die Tyzians upon tbe Mediter-
p— Seaaad erernqmi tae ocean is #eU
npffB. Anoagat the nnmerow colonies
wiiymeot oDt to distant regions, thus
cBodii^thebeneilte of dnlixatioa to ooon-
toi vhn woe then considered as the most
>of Oe habitable globe, Carthage and
^ ted foremost in historical interest
iK^mar waa the enemy and rifal of Rome.
|nadie Istter an expedition went out and
unmad a aev wortd. Many important
■^tt^oBata OB the coast of Arabia, and even
oatk Ubb Oeeaa, bnTe a similar origin.
^ Mil deatmetioB was effected by the
Aa^riiBi vder Nebodiadnezzar (573 B.a),
'rarthiitaeD years' siege, one of the longest
r^rdad ia hiatory. The fhll of Insular
Iptkibeaa so leas remarkable. Aleiander
w Great had already made himself master of
« vh4^ of Sjnn gild pm^ 0f Phoenicia,
y^Tjre, file insular town, atill offered an
f*"** reMtaaoe to hia Tictorions aims.
^^°^ Vaereral nnsacoeesfol attemnta to
IJi™^ bf tea, he eoneeired the bold aesign
"AuiBgap the channel which aeparated it
E^ the oootineit. This wss effected by
^DAgpOe^iato the sea, and throwing into
feeBJeryMUBg apace immense blocks of stones^
nd ooferiag them with sand. On this arti-
™ Bois he erected fais battering rams,
*«^ifter level months' ebae sieg^ the in^
i^uni^ attacked Bimnltaneonaly by sea
adbj ]iad, sad the town being aet on fire,
«Kad«ed to the Macedonian kmg.
;f nwor (pL of 9jy^), Images, etc.
Kt *^^t An image^ form, figure, face,
'^i ^^"^ eoontenaBce, appearance, re-
'^^loce, pietnrs, portrait. A copy, tran-
, "% ifailiact. [rently, eztnnsically.
/;^ *ir«<My To appearance, appa-
\jf imefhj Creating, fabricating. Melt-
^'"P^Si ezerdaing the art of a goldsmith.
^r^ ««/; Vod. iiy^ , A flock, or lock
Sr^<^ 1 raligioos man of the order
p^M; heace the snmame of the kings of
^r *Ai, or
a cify of
Xmopeaa Turkey, proT. Bulgaria, near its
W. extremity, in a fine plain on the Bog^ana,
a tribntary of the Isker, 93 miles SSE. Widin,
and 166 miles 8W. Rostehak. The popula-
tion was estimated at 48,000 in 1862. Sophia
ii generally considered as the capital of
Bavaria, and as holding a high rank among
tiie cities of European Twkey. The sitnatioii,
however, is the most onfaTonrable that could
have beien chosen for a city: sunk in a
hollow, it is oonatantly liable to be immdated;
and withont canals to canj off the anper-
abnndant watera of the Isker, the plain is
almost lost to the labour of the sgriculturist.
The ciW is the residence of the GoTemor of
Boumeua, and of Greek and Boman Catholie
archbishops. It has manufactures of woollen
and ailk stnfis, leather, and tobaeoo, and an
extenaiTe general trade. There are aome
warm baths. Thia city, founded by Justinian,
was built, it is aaid, on the rains of the
ancient Snrdica. [asaault
iiy>c MwM, A determined attack, rush,
^^Lp^ iawlqfdn, A kind of dab, hooked
. at the end, with which horsemen strike a
wooden ball in a game peculiar to the East
/^yc Mt£wi, A fiist, fasting.
wv^ $awma^ (or in^ya), A monasterj
(especially wi& towers and belfreya^, a cloister,
celt hermitage. Suma^hf A baiting phice,
an inn, a chamber.
^ya Mowny De^Bnce, etc. See ^U^.
Mhrlj (pL ^^Iftf), A cistern,
reeerroir.
j^ %akr (pi. \j^\ Son-in-law.
y^yt^ SahfUn^ Sion.
^^^f^ Sahyikn, A town haTing a very
atrong and impregnable fortress, within which
there is plenty m water in ciatema from the
rains. It is situated on the decliyity of a high
mountain, and it can be aeen from Latakia.
jUi0 iayyddy A hnnter, a fowler. JUi^
uXimDI, a fisher. ^^Ijll^, A
falooner. Jjhl ^^j^^f^t^ji jL^lj
clJj^l.»H, And the fisherman became
the wealthiest of the people of his age. His
BOOS became princes, and ms dsughters became
the wives of kings.
uJ^Litf 9aydr%f (pi. of uJ\.itf), Bankers.
As\^ iijfdghat, The art of a goldsmith.
isL.0 iiif&m, Fasting.
ijL^ftydiia^, Defence. Ohserration. To
(214)
U
guard. ^jAJ «Ujy ^j CSs^jui\ ^j^
idLyaiSj j^J] ^J^jty Guard tby secret
from another: entnut it not; for he who
entnuteth a secret has lost it.
..^%M0 sayh, Being well directed (arrow),
hitting the mark. ^U^ »%'ibSn, Nits.
9it, Fame, good reputation.
Myh (Jk^^c), Exclaiming. An ex-
clamation, damonr. The crowing of a cock.
^sofhatt Anexclamation, cry, shrink.
4Xm0 iaffd, The chase, hunting.. Prey,
game. (^^ai-ftJIj Ju^l ^\ ^^ jS?
VilCSj, They went hunting and chas-
ing, and they hunted gazelles, wild oxen, hares,
lions, hyenas, and other beasts in abundance.
ijcM0 Sayda, Sidon in Phoenicia. The
modem town of Sidon, the representatiTe of
the ancient capital of Phoenicia, an^ one of
the most flourishing and illustrious of the
Phcenidan towns, is situated on a rising
ground orerhanging the sea. The old city
extended further to ue eastward of the present
and alon|f the coast It is supposed by some to
hare denyed its name from the eldestof the sons
of Canaan, its reputed founder. Others deduce
it from the Syriac word 8aMa^ which signifies
*' piscatio.' ' If the orisiinal inhabitants gained
their liTelihood by fishing, the two accounts
mav be easily reconciled. In the diTision of
Palatine, it was allotted to the tribe of Asher ;
but this tribe could nerer get possession of it
Its inhabitants assisted &lomon in his pre-
parations for the building of the Temple.
(*« The men of Sidon, being great shipwrignts,
were particularly eminent aboye SXL other
nations for hewing and polishing timber:
there being none who were skill^ how to
hewtimberliketheSidonians." 1 KingaT. 6.)
They were also the inyentors of crptal
glass. Though the mother-dty of Tyre, Sidon
was speedily eclipsed by her in fame, riches,
and importance. Ailer sharing in her
fortunes for many centuries, Sidon nas finally
•urriTed her riyal, and is aj^ain a place of con-
siderable trade. The situation is good, and the
air salubrious. The fertility of uie surround-
ing country is particularly fayourable to the
growth of the wnite mulberry-tree, which has,
peihaps, contributed mainly to its riches. The
streets in the upper town, which stands upon
an acelirity, are narrow and somlrae, bemg
arched over in many places, like tiiose in
Jerusalem. The lower part of the town is
more cheerfuL The pirdena of Saida, or
rather inclosed plantatioin of fruit-tseeiy ex-
tend for a mile round the town, and an
separated from each other br low stone ▼tlU
and form a rich aone of reraure, which in tbi
flowering season is one of the most beautify
sights in the world.
Lj«ju«0 ^ Jl« Mt>iinat Sldanlid, MediiU
— J mm t^
Sidonia, a town of Andalusia, in Spain, an o\<
colony of the Phoenicians, who gave it tb
name of their old mother-country — Sidon
Population 9708 in 1867. It is an old walle<
town, beantiMly situated on the brow of i
rocky eminence, looking eastwards orer a fin
champagne country. A castle, two pari^l
l^urcnes, six monasteries, and two hocpitali
are the only public buildings. The chief em
ployment of the inhabitants is the manufactui
of earthenware, which is conducted on a lar^
scale, furnishing the principal supply for Cadu
SevUle, and the whole of Annahuria. Th
neighbourhood is celebrated for its fine ^
tures, and the rearing of cattle forma the mi
occupation of the rural population.
sayr (or ij^^a^). Being, becoming
_4^>- 4l^l«'«dytr laku Aiimmtf', H
has the fever., ,^_5-*>- ^ jt* *dr kk
humma*, He had the fever.
>"
CL>Lj]|^ cKSJ JUjsli.Benotasheme^
for thou hast become my brother : recite tb<
the Terses, since they pleased me -when I heai
them from thee as thou recited them at tl
door. So upon this the porter recited to hi
^ose Terses.
tUghat^ The peculiar termination*
a word in a grammatical view ; its form as r
dicatire of case, mood, tense, etc. [bank<
««yra/ or ^j^ (pi. «-i;W)»
foj^f, Summer. <UBytf Mtfiah, Tl
seed-time of the summer crop, which becias
Syria with the spring rains, that is, in mar
and April ; and their harrest is in tlie mont
of September and October.
Jw toyibi/, A forbishing instrument
^ ddd, The fifteenth letter of the Aral
alphabet In arithmetic it expreaes 800.
kLS ddM (fern. Hojli), Holding fin
prorident. A goTernor, commander, superi
chief, lord, master, poaseasor. Li
Jil\, Omnipotent (Qod).
Im
(216)
U
^\^idji^, One who redineth much,
hmoL Iidoleol^ bUj, ibolith. Aitarwi-
tiogio^vHt
L>>U ikkii, One who is laughing.
Aii&iila; wiggish. A niirift, mocker, de-
rider. Hashing (doads). 4^1^,
TW fai»4Kth (as bong eonspiciioiis when
ie iifT, Kozions, detrimentaL
LjjU knhy part pres. Beating, hrois-
iag, t^aag, lUmpmg, ooxniag. A striker,
better. J^l^jHf c^U, A eoiner of
J;U iM, Tnooed to busting (a d<^).
Hp ^fnjwilylnjaryidamagey detriment
iJiU U^i^a (in prayer), May it in-
owe; as Mj\ds3\ dSi\ u^U, May
W iaowe His power.
j^ tt( Straying. A preraiicator.
c J iiflf^y Wandering, lost (animal).
^^^ iimm, A sosety, sponsori secu-
itfr, boniBBsiL
7^ same of fhe well-known Daher who
m GofOBor of Acre, and who, abont the
jv ITf^iolicited firom the Porte a perma^
Hit iaiaiUUire of flie goTecnment of Puestine
ar hiBRlf and bis sacoeasor, and demanded to
brp«elaiBMd Shaik of Acre, Prince of Princes,
G*7«nor of Kaaaieth, Tabaria, and Safid,
c^ Sbail of all Galflee.
^1^ i^l, Wandering, lost
^r^ ioMai (pL t-^W), A cloud.
^ Ui, OoTemment, direction, ad-
■iTi'yUtioa, disdpliiie, x^g:nlation, check,
tottnA, kecfnug in anbjection or obedience.
^^At»&m, leqneatration. k^, To
^y—wn, to rale over, to watch, gnard,
P^*"^ nodeimte, keep in the line of dntj,
^ To Kite, leatadn, ae(ineBtnte. To con-
fa«tearforfcit ^,1^^ dCU,
*M' J^^Lm^Jj, And practiae the
endnring spirit of the resolnte, and the for*
bearance of the discreet and prorident, and
avoid the weakness of hasty impatience, and
let an easy temper be thy habit of mind ; re-
tain thy dirhems with prudent frugality, and
season liberality with parsimony, neither
fiMtftning[ thy hand tightfj to thy neck, nor
yet openmg it ont to its widest extent
^<M0 ddb^ (fern. pi. ^>^ i¥h^ or Mm^
and ^Ui)f A hyaena, hu^ daba^i.
The female hTama. Lebanon, the country of
the Druses : Mablus, Mount Carmel, and the
enrirona of Alexandretta, are their principal
haants.
^ dqff and '^if^ dajlj. Crying oat.
The noise of a tumult
dajmr^ Being oppressed in mind.
it^^f Beclining, especially on the
aide (on a bed, the ground, etc).
\s!^ dahd, Basking in the son. The
meridian.
' dihi, Laughing, grinning. Jft J
*C^U^j^j\^*ti^, Then, shak-
ing his head and uttering a loud laufh, he
merrily sang these Terses: — ^Wonld tnat I
beheld at the preaent moment in this weU a
wolf, who has long afflicted my heart and
made me drink bitterness by force ! Would
that my lift may be spared, and that the wolf
may meet his death I Then the yineyard will
be free from his presence, and I shaU fiod in
it my spoiL [is high up.
iysf^ dahwat, The morning when the sun
4i.c:^ daldyat, A sacrifice.
j:r^ *.««, Thick, large, corpnlent
ddkhlm^ Large, tall, corpulent.
Jii didd, Contrary, opposite (as virtue
to vice).
j»i d(9r, Hurtbg, injuring. j\j\ Uj .
C^^ CSni't jKt^l t It happens very
frequently that the fool who wishes to serre
you often injures you.
ijij^ dardrat, Blindness.
jr*
(216)
t^
t|^ durdt, Breaking wind load.
iz\j^ dir&^f Humbling one's eelfi sab-
muBion.
^\j»o darSyir (pL of 5^), Two women
haying a lnuband in oommon.
9 darhf Striking, beating. A blow,
a stroke. Multiplication in arithmetic. Beat-
ing (witii a itick, etc). Striking, touching,
ifaking any saying proTerbial. Striking or
coining money. l^jJ^^^ ^|^ ^^l^
lL^Q'^ uX3UJ, Beware that thy tongue
does not cut thy neck. JlmJI^UjJ
^1; v.flr^ ^*^ 4 S^*^^ u,Qj.Jb, Then
he drew near to the steps, and ascended them
until he reached the spot between the two
persons^ when lo ! one or these two smote him
npon his back, and the other smote- him with
the sword that was in his hand, and struck off
his head.
\iji darhan, By force, yiolently.
CJly? darahat (pi. of ^^), Blows.
^\ij^ darabdn, The pulse, tbe beating
pain of a woond.
hjj darhai, One blow.
ijJ durrat, One woman having a hus-
band in oommon with another,
jj>a darar, Injury, damage, detriment,
loss, ruin. Ls.-«^3jb t^ ^ Jua»- ^f ^U
« jcl^ tj A, is LiJil ^j\ i 4^X aj W^J
*3»-s^, For if «ai8ohief be&U him, I
pensh ineTitabW; since I do not enjoy the
sight of the world but by his sight, nor do I
doight sate in his Ufe !
^j*^ din (pi. ^1^1 and ^/«2/^)i A
tooth, a grinder.
)ffj^ dart, Breaking wind, making a
similar noise with the mouth in contempt.
Jhritf One who hnaka wiod.
idy? darta (pi. cr^U?^), A fart.
Ji^jJ darmat, A fire*brand.
Lt^ji^ dumh, Hodes, forms of speech,
{liiQiQs, phraser.
ij^j^ dar^irat (pL iZj\j^j^\ 'Sam
Tiolenoe, compulsion, oonstraint. Wast, hi
digence, necessity. ^JXx^^^\p^S
kihd 0Uiyaj wa darw^ah^ Neoessitoialj
JlJl ij^ji durHrtU iulhdl, Necesd
tode, poTcrty.
t^^^yAirurf, Necessary, iij^j^ ^f
hawaij darurtf/ahf'NeceBsanes, c^J^
^jt^j^\^j^\ nuahdbhd jabr waddi
ruriyahy The system of the Necessarian Fhili
sophen.
darlhf A sepulchre, a tomb,
grave dug in the middle of a burying-jdaoe |
dug in the side it is called Jl^).
jlj3 darir (fern, i^j^). Blind.
LjUi du^, Infirmity, weakness, c^
ifjuMif , A weakness in the stomacL
U«J du^a/d (pi. of cJ^ da^f), T|
weak, the infirm, the poor. |
L^f^J» da^f (fern, ii^^). Weak, H
firm, impotent, extenuated, emaciated, e
feebled, powerless, frail.
e jUj dafcLdi^, Frogs. ^^^ r^^^
Boasted frogs.
^jJL^ dafda^ (pi. cjU^), A frog.
jLi dafr. Plaiting (the hair of the heaij
Twisting (a rope). [lock of hd
ijLi da/rat, Anything twisted, a braidj
ijJiia daflrat, A braided look; h^
twisted or plaited. j
J-^ dan, To deviate, to err. c^y^^ J
1^ ij\j}f He who admires his o^
eouncillors.
J)U dalal (and iSLa), An error, \H
fault. Huin, perdition. Deriating, lorn
^jos:^ Jlt^, Mere heresy. Aa er^
in faith.
«Jui dala^ (pi. cjLi dvi^Qt A 6i<
part lp3*^ L/«U^ jI/J' fl' ^5^
sons before me have bemoaned the jprnxi
sroaration, and Uying and dead have been i
rifled by ettrangemea^; but aa inataacti
(217)
:\b
ftdiagi fike <]mw in my boiom I have nerer
btoid of nor behdd !
JJli ^i2&2, ErriAg greatly (a man).
*i ibniy Contraction, conjunction, in-
corpantSoB. To emCnefc, join, add, ineorpo-
ntefiuat. To mark a eonaoaaat with the
l»Ui imim. That into which anything
is MQeeted or contracted. [teeship.
^Lw inwa, Soretyship, bail, goaran-
yUi dWn^V (pi. of j-^), Mind,
bort, eoBM&e&ce, etc.
JU^^Mdyam (pL of ^4.^), Additions.
^»4i iMMy Answering or being sniety
fiv aether. Redeeming^, ransoming^. Be-
es?^ &e aie of anything for a oertun time.
TKiw, The middle or interior part of any-
ftiag. Ooalenti. Anything eomprehended,
or*
\iU, \j\i^/il*J ^-^jjtS^. ^)^V
And he poflfieflsed abundant wealth and ample
fortune, and died when I wee a yoong child,
leaving to me wealth and buildings and TiUagee,
', The mind, heart, thought,
leue, eonacience, conception, com-
jea. The affixed personialpronouil.
inamai, An addition, angmenta-
lim, iaaemDi. Ineorporaiing.
.j^ ioBOm, A Bponaor, surety.
^to*»,Tocling. ^^^b JUlWi
i!r*^V {j^* ^ ™7 ^^ hand, assist
■y right hand; or, if you diahke my society, ,
^ ne! for we ahoold ding only to what la ^
wariheGogiBg to*
Vy impc^ (pL of la^U and IIijU).
Li ^tf, Light, splendour, brilliancy.
&l«0 ^^(pl.of ^[iu«0 dayifU), YiUages.
♦ J\f -jy Jjjtj'f -^^ " *^' fanning
iiQm, aad the vndeitaking of sowing and
lisa^ it k degrading to &ne and reputa-
iMBi aida dbedL to proereaa, and rarely does
msofafed in it fail faToe deroised, nor does
li«|py the hlesmng of mental tranqoiUity.
iJLi HffdfU, A fiaast, banquet, con-
mdatatebunest. Hc^taHty, hospitable.
oUaii.^'^ JU. ,^ JU iFJox
Lm^ (^ (pi. uJ^ and fern. Aa^),
A stianger, a foreigner, a guest.
^ (ftifc, Anguish, vexation, grief, sad-
ness, melancholy, affliction, anxiety,^ doubt,
oppression of spirits, or anything which tor-
tures the mind. \/iJ^\^jir^f The
asthma.
fli daifyik (fern. IS^), Narrow.
tracted unto us by the reason of the distress
occasioned by thy separation, and we had no
delight in food nor in drink a single day !
AA«i daym, Injustice, oppression.
\f t&, The sixteenth letter of the Arabic
alphabet, expressing 9 in arithmetic, Capricorn
in the Zodiac, and the moon's descendant.
(^It tab, Sweet, agreeable, good, law-
ful. An excellent flavour. (In prayer)
2Nmi v^lt , ICay he rest in peace !
«jlt tdhi^ Any instrument by which
an impression is made. [dation,
j;j\t tdbik, A commercial house in liqui-
^ajIL tdhun, A pit, or other place where
they kindle and cover up fire.
^^It tdjin, A frying-pan.
J9-U; tdhtl, Turbid.
-It tdhiut An ox placed in the middle
of a bam, round which the other oxen move
wlum treading out the grain.
^L^IL tahnat, A back tooth, or grinder;
£^IL tahanat (or ^^U?), A water-
mill. * [traveller.
j;\L i&rik (fern. iij^)t A nocturr^'
;^
(218)
U
ci^LpIL idMdt, A cnp, gobleti basin.
ic\k ta^at (pi. ci^'UU?), Obedience, ob-
leqnioiunen.
^^U? ^^aii, A plagae, pestilence.
tjL^^]]ff tdgMtf and with the article
sttaghut. Is a name nretL to the DotiI, to anj
eedncer, and to any moL
^clt ^yAl, A rebel, a leader of faction
or insorrection. A refractory, diiobedienty
insolent man.
w'lt tdfih, Overflowing.
jU? tdk (or CL^liU^), Unique, singular.
One part or fold of anything doubled. A fold,
^ a ply.
dJlL idkat, Power, force. Patience.
ilJU^ tdkiyat, A fillet, especiaUj one
worn nndi^ the head-drees.
JU^ tdla (in prayer), May it be long!
a^Uj Jli^, May his life be prolonged !
^.i^U? idlib, Asking, inquiring, demand-
ing, intezrogating, requesting, begging.
^It iflflcUl^ ^^U l^j J*xi^l,
But there had not elapsed more than a little
while before the party of the King Essemendd
were routed, and betook themselTes to flight,
seeking their own safety.
^ mh. Wicked, Tillanons.
^IL tali^ Fortune (good or bad), fate,
destiny, ehanoe, horoscope or predominant star
at a person's nativity. J^jum^ ^Ib
^lk«!1, A constellation of a happy
ascendant
^IW t&lik, Divorced,repudiated (woman).
Pasturing at liberty, without being milked
(sheep, camels, etc.).
tjIU? Taint, King Saul.
(jMi^^U? tdvfiu, A peacock.
Jb^ tahir, Clear, pure, unsullied, chaste,
clean, holy. c^LS! Jblt and Jblt
Jj jJt, Immaculate, of unsullied life.
4^lyi ^U Eatim MUfi, Eatim of the
tribe of TeiyL He was highly celebrated for
his generoiitT, and lired in the Time of Igno-
rance, riz. hefore Mohammad; but his son
AdI became a Muslim, and is numbered among
the CompaaioDi of the Prophet. Hatim's most
dmous act of liberality was that which I
showed to an ambassador of the Greek Empd
sent to demand of him as a present for j
master a horse of yery great price. T^
generous Arab, before he Imew the object I
thii person's mission, slaughtered his hone I
regale him, having nothing at tiie time in ll
house to serve in its stead. It ii also ssid th
he often caused as many as forty cameli to 1
slaughtered for the entertainment of I
neignbours and the poor Arabs of the deMrt
^.Jfiff id'ib, Good, pleasant, lawful
^IL id'ir, A bird. Flying, runnli
rapidly. (.^.J-rJ! l^:^^^ l|-^X^ a71
jybyj- ^\^^la:j^.L>j, Before her won
were ended, Kins Bedr became tiansfonn
into the shape of a bird, tilie most beantif
that could be ; and he shook his wingt, ai
stood upon his feet looking at Jofaarah.
^^IL td'M, Inconstant, volatile, ligli
^IL idffi^, Obedient, submissiYe.
b^Jjlt tdffif, Surrounding, going rcmsd
iii^ tdyifat, A. nation, people, irih
family. Equipage.
JiU? tajftl (and JLUIL), Power, pleasui
the comforts of life. Jj\]^ I Id iay\
Without any beneficial result
4JLJ9 ttbh, Medicine for body and xnioi
ii\Jff tihdhai, The practice of medicin
the medical p|x>fession.
^UL tabbdkh, A cook. ^U?, The a
of cookery. 9j***i ^)^ r\^^ ^^j^
fj:^^j ya&\ ^\ «j:Jji-J, 'And
commanded the cook to make haste and go a
buy something, and to get it ready and cook
for the supper : then I entered the palace a
slept
^Lt tabdiMr, A substance of a sil
ceous nature produced in the bamboo, used
medicine ; also the ashes of tiie roots and join
tL^V^U9,Chalk, white lime,pla6ti
elJp tibd^f Nature, temperament, coc
plenon, dinosition; undentanding, genii
intellect, juogment
JCb tahhdl, A drummer. ZJLk, T1
art of dmm*beating.
tJ'
(219)
^U iaidp^ (pL of ^JUi^)f Natures,
dispontiong, tempers, etc.
^ iaU^ Codidng, oookery%
J^j^ Ttkiitan, The ancient Hyrcania.
^ ioi^ (pi. ^Ltt), Nature, genius,
ijj^h TAarij/ahf Tiberias.
complaioQ, tempenment, quality, intellect,
jod^mest
^ ^^«, He printed. ^W) ya^^a^M,
He piiots. bLW tah^n, Printing.
^ tfl&^a^, Printing, an edition.
JJtixJall (Otab^atal wuU, TEe first
edition. cQ? io^^d^ and ^U? tdli^
(pi. ^^Us <a5&d^fin, pi. obi. ^j^^U?
Uthhd^; and for the second ^^U^
<dit^*», pi. obi. ^j;-«jU? ^W^l»l),
Printer, printers. ^f^ matha^
Anj printing instrument. ^uJx«
<v^4^«A, A pren, a printing machine, a
pnntrng office. There is talk amongst the
inb printexB of booln and newspapers to in-
fndoee a great reform in the art of printing
in Anbic This reform consists in emplo^iing
udj Tmeomiected types. For the first time
ur book or newspaper printed in this way
*ul look strange, and eomparatiyely it will
take more ipeoe. The first inconvenience
k^reTcr will disappear in a few days, and the
Kecnd can be averted by making the nncon-
B*(ted trpes of a very amall size ; whilst the
a-irntiges of sach a system will be very
rouble for the printen, compositors, and
laners of Uie Anmc laDgaa^. This reform
^ be effected at onoe if those who have in
Umst hands the Arabic jpress in the East un-
^flrteke to introdnoe it first in the Arabic
A*^^ipaperB by degrees, to accnstom the reader
^ it. As for the handwriting, it will remain
M it is sow. The following illnstration will
f^ the difierenee between the two aystemB.
j\
that liM be&IIen tbem, and !» reirtwined.
Extolled be the perfection of Him who ha»
thus ordained the history of former eenewtiOM
to be 8 lesson to taose •which follow.
r^ J J J h'-r'i, u^^Jj^^ ^'^''f
^. Jll . Use does everything, so if
erer' thU .yrtem be «ied it will look natural
and Ter7 good.
jJie tabagh. Tobacco; whence comes
^ word tobacco. Thiaword ««»»2d'S*S;
stood at Aleppo i'l^««> tjbaceo is c^«d <«««S
other parts of Syria, ^°*" 'l • ,.^ smoke.
ally JSHthkh^n. ^J^^^'p:^ pf Syria.
Tobaooo grows in almost eTCTT p» ^^„
ito oonsuiption being «"7"«f >*e fotricto
and femali. The best is foonf » ^| Monnt
of Aleppo, Latokia, J"^iig^te^from
Lebanon, Urge. ^P^'^S-^TSd elsewhere.
Latakia and TnpoU to EgyP» "" ^^^
^ tabaky A dish, a plate- ^
'■'^ , .VsAa^ A- degree,
*Ll, tabakat (pi. f^.Uetot*'*-
stage, story, floor. ■*■ "^^^^^t^e.
Ji ^Si. A drum, s tamboun
^_,^ ««*IJ, A physxcian, ^^^^jjessed.
;^^ iahikh. Cooked. -^^^ ^4eco66o»»
«peciaUy toasted or p*'^^ "\^\ si\<5u^3
anapozem. AJw*;-*'
^bich were iimy Ij^J^f ^^^^^'V«"^^''
end was a ^^ f'^.f^ eooto^K^ ^
al«> in it utensila «>^ *^
tuA »\^^ »I^ete
•were
the fire.
^^ rf fofmer generations are a leaaon to
P«*»ity, that a i»!«» may review the remar it-
able ercsti which have happened to othcra,
ttdbeidiniished; and max eonaider the
*«toyrfp«pkofpr««iingagc»»«n^ ^ •^
„ tahl^at (pl-
;ience,qnaUty,pto]g^;^
temperament, constitntio^.
Temper, disposiUon.
tahl^, Natural.
c^^t^
"^IWiS/^Adis^-eiatho^l
a^^
1>
^Isr ti^han, A miHer, a grinder.
(220)
k>
tahmat, Impulse. Attack of a
crowd.
^jsr Mif,Tarning or grindmg(a8amil]).
^j-^ iahln, Hour.
<.-y!l ^j»Xi\Jo tardbluB al §harb, The
Wertem Tripoli, TripoU in Barbary, as it is
called, to distii^fQiah it from Tripoli in Syria.
Tripoli might be taken ai a model by some
European towna in the Mediterranean for
deanlinen. The harbour, though not very
spaciouBy is safe, and capable of aocommodating
a large fleet of merchant ships. Hie shipping,
in 1664, comprised 234 Tessels, of 20,739 tons,
which entered the port. Of these, 37 vessels
of a total of 6047 tons, with caigoes of
£28,200 in yalue, sailed under the Brituh flag.
|*lwtJt(jM^y9, tardUHa esh ih&m, Tri-
poli in Syria. The word Tripoli rthree cities}
IS supposed to be derived from three seyeral
colomes from Tyre, Sidon, and Aradus, wluch
established themselves in three adjacent places,
and subsequently joined one another. Tripoli
of Syria is a town and seaport on the Mediter-
ranean. The population is estimated at
15,000. The town stands at the foot of a
branch of Mount Lebanon, on a small trian-
gular plain, at some little distance from the
sea : the Marina, S.W. from the city, on a
projecting ]>oint of land, is the place where
merchant ships usually load and unload their
cargoes. Tnpoli is one of the neatest towns
in S^rria, and is surrounded by fine gardens ;
but its neighbourhood being manhy, its
climate is frequently unhealthy. It is traversed
by the small river Kadisha, which, however,
lA too shallow to be navigable even for boats.
The houses are built principidly of stone, and
many parts- of the city Mar traces of the
architecture of the Crusaders, particularly
some high Gothic arcades over certain streets ;
but there are no public buildings i^orth notice.
Tripoli is commanded by an old castle on the
heights behind, built during the Omsades by
the Count of Toulouse. Kumerous granite
columns and other ruins may still he seen
along the shore. The port of Tripoli, to the
K. of the Marina, and opposite the town, is
merely a roadstead, shelt^ped on the W. by
some rocky islets, and is safe only m flue
weather. It is dangerous in winter, and par-
ticularly at the equinox, from the foulness of
the bottom and the prevalence of strong gales.
It has, however, some trade, exporting silk,
wool, cotton, and tobacco, with small quanti-
ties of oil, wax, coebineal, galls, and soaps,
manufactured in the town. There are nume-
rous Greeks among the inhabitants, and a larve
share of the trade is in their hands. It is
also the see of a Greek bishop, and the
residence of several European consuls. Tripoli
was taken by the Omsaders in 1108. It had
previously been one of the most flouridnng
seats of Oriental literature, and possemd
very large collection of Persian and Anb
works. The inhabitants of Tripoli \tj tlu
good qualities have gained the repaktion
being very polite and instructed.
^j!]J^ 2brSbkitn, Trebizond.
UMi\^ « ijj ijjii\, And wb
one country fails to yield thee siqvplies, or i
tress has overtaken thee therein, cut off I
hopes from it, and speed thy camel aws? ;
the best of countries is that which nuunta
thee. Nor deem removal a hardship, nor i
like change of place, for tiie most distingiui!
of our sects and the chiefs of our tribes
a^reedin the opinion that movement is bli«s.i
visiting of fresh places a suro gain, like a
of exchange ; while they express contempt
the opinion of those who thmkthnt trarell
is misery, or change of place a signal torn!
(jl]j9 tardyti, Waysy tracts.
<^Jo Urihf Oheerfolness, mirth, gli
ness, rejoicing; jubilee; skipping ordtoe
for joy. ULL^I Uy^l irtil (--^
cijIoXIi Whereupon the fox ^
greatly and violentiy excited with happii
and joy ; his anxiety and grief ceased, azK
merry tones he sang these verses.
[^^,Jo tarhush, The red cap worn
over Turkey.
^Jb tarhy Injection^ ejection, throwi
ajo tard, Banishment, persecution,
pulsion. To banish, eject
jjb tar%f Form, manner, habit. Faahi
^Jitjo taraah, Dea&ees.
jjbjf Tartnt (called also \j*i^Jaj\), \
andent town of Ortiiosiay dtnated on tiie
shore (oppodte the island of Euad| tbe As\
y*
(221)
«/>
of tb Sa^toe* and fte AndoB of the Greeki
and Romass), and lumng a spadoiis plain ex-
VBoHag ramd aboot it on iti other udea. It
V2I foniierlj a place of ^leat atrength and
bsportaaee, and tooe are stiU aome interesting
rauias. It was from thia place that thewooa
of Mooni libg&QB vaa conTeyed in floats to
Phosida, and not from Tarana, which ia
Giutidmtlie interior of Cilicia, at the dia-
toixctf Bxboim' riding from Meraina, which
iiitsKa-port Those Teaeela then were not
alkd Aipi of Taranay bat ahips of Tartna- or
TortoMi^ieh ia the aea-port for that wood.
PnsB oB£ nditake another waa inferred, Tia.
^ tbflid Tcaaela (of Tortosain Bjna) went
nasd ^imontory of Africa aa ur as Tor-
twis Spina. This miatake itaelf prores that
the fbee ia gneation most be Tortosa, not
Ttt^ md Tortosa in Syria, not that of
^tia, liodb took its name from that of
nsEUOL From FhcBnicia the wood in quea-
tuB ni teaa^oited on the hacka of camels to
the Bed Sea, which practice still continnea,
b«use tlie akorea of this sea are abeolntely
upranded with wood, eren for frieL Theee
reaek i^ a complete year in their Toyage,
^ ii, anled one year, aojoamed another,
ssd did Dstretani till the third. Thiatedions-
Gffivasovingy^fitst, to their cruising from
part topoit, aa tfiej do at preaent ; eeoondly,
A tbcir bone detaued by the Monsoon cur-
?aii; md ttirdly, beeanse, aecording to the
obiitions of PUny and Strabo, it was the
^^^^^8417 practice smong the ancienta to apend
dim fwi in a Toyage of twelve hundred
^^^^Qo. Sach a commerce moat hare been
^frj expeagre, partieolarly aa they were ob-
^ to cany wnh them their proTisiona, and
t^a. frdh water. For thia reason Solomon
Mde himself master of Palmyra, which was
a: that time inhabited, and was already the
i^agaziae and high road of merchants by the
▼IT of the Eophratea. This conquest bronght
^MawQ mach nearer to the oonntry of gold
cd peark Thia alteniatiTe of a route, either
^ the Red Sea or by the Rirer Euphrates,
vu t» the ancienta what in later times has
^ the altematiTe in a Toyage to India,
^her by oosaing the lathmua of Suez or
c.^}biiBg'the Ca^ of Good Hope, and what ia
r?v the aliernattTe of crossing the Suez Canal
^ a steamer or crossing Syria and Meaopo-
t.^ \jj railway throngn the Euphrates
T^%. It appears that, till the time of Moaes,
tiii Hide was carried on across the Desert of
Sjiia; that afterwaids it fell into the hands of
lat IVmicians, who fixed ita site upon the
t^pbuec; and that it was mutual jealousy
^ huhioed the Kings of Nineveh and Baby-
Hte mdectake the destruction of Tyre and
^jff ^'rioia (ane. Berdosft), ealled also
^jj'f^ town of Spain, in Catalonia,
^> <W 5. hank of the Ebro, about twenty-
^^* aihi from ita mouth. Tortosa waa a
J'^ of the Phcenieian inhabitanta of old
^^n^ eppoBte to the laUad of Aiadus,
^J^
who gave the name of their own conntry to
this town« The population was estimateil at
16,830 in 1857. Tortosa is defended by
sereral outworks, and is dirided into the old
and new towns, both of which are walled.
This town had the priyileges of a Roman
mimit^ium conferrea on it by Scipio. On
one occasion, during the wara between the
Spaniarda and the Moora, the women of Tortosa
diatinguished themaelves ao much, that in
1170 the military Order of La Hacha, or the
'* Flambeau," waa instituted for them. Thev
also enjoyed aeTeral priTileges, most of whicn
are now lost ; but it is aaid that in all matri-
monial ceremoniea, they still maintain the
right of precedence.
^)o taraff A border or tract of oonntry,
a margin, brink, part^ corner. Side, way,
manner. An extremity, point, end.
^Jf^Jl^\ ^^^y Ifoble by father and
mother.
6^^ tar/at, Winking, shatting the eyes.
^^\ iijo ^, In the twinkling of
an eye. ^U ^^ ^\ ijjb l^j,
A glance of the eye aometimea aays more than
the tongue.
tarafayn, Both ndes.
^Ja tark, Beating with a rod (cotton)
in order to aeparate and rarefy it.
jjff turh (pi. of 4^Jb tarik)f Beads,
paths, waya. [or twice.
ii^ tarhatf Once; ^jf^Jo^ ^J^t Once
jijJb tarUsh, or ^m^] J-*5f- j'ahal
mtturtuh. The Mount Nebo of Scripture,
one of the range of Abarim, from the summit
of which the great leader and legislator of
the Hebrewa, uter forty years' wandering in
the Desert, first aurrejirea the Promieed Land ;
and being favoured with a view of the region
he was not permitted to enter, surrenderea hia
apirit to his Maker. No mortal eye witnessed
his death, no human being knew the spot
where the venerable prophet was laid.
^5^ tarlf Presh, green, moist, hnmid,
new, recent.
/^Ldl f^Jo tarihid firdsh, A sick bed.
jj^ tarid, An expelled or banished man.
L^, Jtf ^ori/iNew, fresh, newly-acquired.
^jljO tarlk, A way, a road, a path. A
manner, mode, institution, profession, order,
custom, fashion. >%lc ^Jijo, A public
road. «X[iXfi)l Jnj^, iarlk al hadid,
cA
(222)
IjJio
a railway. Every one knows that a railway
from Alexandretta or from GonBtantinople to
India through the Enphrates Valley, as pro-
posed and adYocated by many great men,
oesides the immense results wnicn it would
produce commercially, politically, and strate^-
cally for the Government of His Imperial
Majesty the Sultan, as well as for Great
Britain, would also give life and resurrection to
those dead countries which formerly consti-
tuted the powerful Empires of Babylon and
Nineyeh, and were the cradle and nursery of
the arts and sciences, as well as of those insti-
tutions of which all civilized nations are now
enjoying the fruits in common.
^Jff tartkat, A hierarchy, an order (of
deryishes).
ls.*^mJp tasht, A large hasin, ewer, or cap.
i^Ut ta^m, Meat, viands, victuals, re-
freshment, food. ^jAjs^\ ^1 \^jsj\ J
Aj^lJi\ cJi\) ijU^ bb^J^y Ij\j:L
LLki\^ u^jJi lJL-*! ^ m|/J1^
Jjji\ C^LKj ^^)\, And they
went thence to the fourth chamber, where
they found closets, one of which they opened,
and they found it fnll of utensils for food and
drink, consistiug of various Tessels of gold
and silver, and saucers of crystal and cups set
with brilliant pearls and cups of carneUan.
iAJ^ ta^mat or ^^ Taste, savour. Uli
vJL^r.rl^ , And he had thus made me
forget the taste of rest, and had left my house
cleaner than the palm of my hand (empty).
I said to him, Reserve must be put aside when
distress is come, as perfumes are laid aside
when the rejoicings of a marriage are ended ;
so bestir thyself to make gain by thy art, and
try to gather the fruit of thy skill. •
^lit ta^^&n, Striking or piercing with
spears in battle.
^^^ ta^y Blame, disapprohation, accu-
sation, chiding, reviling, reproaching, cursing.
Piercing with a spear. [tongue).
^ut ta^tf One blow (with spear or
ifUL tughat, Rebels, insurgents.
\jii0 ioghrdy The imperial signature ; si
order. The roval titles prefixed to lettal
diplomas, or other public deeds, which u
generally written in a fine ornamental had
The great men of the East have long b«
great admirers of caligraphy or ele^t writiil
some of the most distinguished vuden haTini
valued themselves on bemg the finest pezuD«
of the age; amongst the moat remarbbt
of whom was the celebrated Hosain or Al
Ismael (vizier to the Seljukian Saltan Muod
sumamed Tograi, on account of his eicelN
in this species of writing ; but better kno^
in Europe by his admired Arabic poem, entiti<
Carmen Tograi. £eing taken prisoner in
battle wherein his sovereign was defeated \
his brother Mahmud, he was put to dea|
(A.D. 1120) by that prince's viaer, who hat^
him for his jgreat abilities, but particular] j,
is said, for his uncommon superiority in writii
the Togra character. [insoleiu
i^y^ taghwa\ Eebellion, disobediend
^^^i Being rebellious, insolent, impioi
** unjust, exceeding bounds in wickedness
^LkL tughy&% Eebellion, seditioo, dii
obedience, perverseness, insolence, ji
^^Lit, The rebel.
^UL tif&h, Plenitude^ fullness. Whi
runs over a boiling pot, the froth or scum.
lj\s^ ivfafoity The surplus of anythin
sold by measure.
^jUl^ tu/dwat, A halo round the snn
moon. The overflowings of a boiling pot
^ ta/h, Being full, running over j
vessel). Filling anything till it overflows.
JjsA tafhan (fem. Us«^), OverflowiDj
fjsio tafak, Being fixed to, or busy in
place. Setting about anything one "means I
finish. Ji^ \f ti^ <^yr^ '^■^
In such a state I began to walk in its strM
like one distracted, and roaming about
quarters as a bird soars orer water.
JiL tifi (fem. ilit, pi. jut), Youn|
tender (boy or girl). A baby.
yt tufu'U, Being extinguished (fire).
il^ tufakU (or Uyio), Infency, chili
hood.
^/iJiff taks, Order, ceremony, constituti^
(especially ecclesiastical).
UJ»
(223)
kL
oL bOa (pL of b^Vt), Stadents,
corvni iB^[iiiRn.
Jit
(pL of ^»mAL), Is a term
to mjiticBl eharacten, and also to
sab, bn^v, etc^ apoa which luchchanusten
BR agimi or inscribed. These eharacten
tre ttttol^ed, or of some other magical
kiai Tte parpoce for which talsanu are
oaQtmed m tuioos : One has the property
of pRraog from enchantment, or firom a
pv&abr accident, or a rariety of erils;
>aoti» BotedB a treaanre with which it is
d^MBtea; atibiid, by beinj^ nbbed, procures
tbepRnoE and aerfioes of a jinnee.
cL ^(, CoDflideriiigy being attentiTe
tn, leofciB^ai, reading, proposing,
JHe tdiJtf A diyorce, repadiation.
jlSl V*t=^, A libel or formula.
iJlr kldȤi, Beaatj, grace, loyelineBs,
^h Uky$^ (pL of ^buU? ia^^a),
Senli, the fixit indication of an approaching
^a&di A petition, request; demand.
w
Soaaoiia, calL To aak, petition, recjaest,
<ieaiBd, eiact, solicit, pnisae with ambition.
To Mil. ^U^ c^ ^j^\ ^yu
^ ^ JJ1 ^Ji, ^„ He
p^p into the sea who seeks for pearls ; and
it Tbo dobes greatneaa must hare watchful
nights. *^J^u^j^^J^^r^^
1/*;:^' 4/5(i) U^^^ » ^^^ traverse every
^^ sad phmge into erery flood, and seek
2|pl«iBare in erery well-watered meadow,
^« down thy bucket into CTcry springing
**. ttd aerer be reluctant to sohcit bounty,
^Bib thjwlf to be disgusted by fatigue ;
fj ws written on the staff of our chief
^*^ "Ee gains who begs, and he who
!^ Mitels." But beware of indolence, for
^a^ijubol of misfortune and the garb of
^ ^ tnd Ut /tf/iJaA (pi. of (^IL
^^ l)«isnders, asken for, requtrenL stu-
<^«dkat after leaimng.
ild^ tdlhllfotf A sbeet of paper.
^nAU ttlsim, A talisman, or magical
^ image, upon which, under a certain horoscope,
are engraTed mystical characters, as charms
against enchantment, or fascination. They
use talismans as preserratives in rarioua ways,
particularly in burying them with treasure, to
prerent it from bemg diacoTered.
l^ tal^, Aspect, face, countenance,
appearance.
J^ idUk, Being repudiated, divorced
(woman). Being set at liberty. The pains of
childbirth.
c^ tulu^, The rising (of the sun, or of
a star). To rise (as the sun), to ascend. To
appear, to grow (teeth). ^J c*^<il hi
Ai\ji\ tJA ,Jlb <U/« ^}JJ Jj A\jy <uLj
jt^\ J* J J< ^)i J^ yj> J^^
his sister came up to him with some food and
drink, and changed bfs clothes, and he slept.
She continued to do thus witii him erery oaj
until the next month commenced.
^At iali, Anointing, besmearing.
Jnit talik, Set at liberty (a captive).
^buit tall^a, A scout of an army. The
most adranced patrols which are first seen by
the enemy.
cUl^ tommd^, Wishful, covetous, greedy.
W4.L tama^, Avidity, covetousness. De-
sire, concupiscence. wiL \j\ Jux^^\
^3 \j\j>- Juffllj, The freeman when
desirous of anything is a slaye, and the slaye
when contented is free. w«L c-jtj
wi^ ^\ v^J^y Avarice sometimes
leads to disgrace. vljU^l <J (.iCii^ J^
JLyJ l^-X^ Cl^ iji^^ ^ f^^]aL»
The excess of thy coVetousness and eager
desire have entrapped thee into destruction,
since thou hast fallen into a pit from which
thou wilt never be saved.
j^^ tumhUr, A kind of lute or guitar,
with a long neck, and six brass strings. A drum.
^;b tantanat, Sound, resounding, re-
echoing of musical instruments. The mur-
muring of water.
y^
(224)
L>
jj^ UmtUff The bonnet worn by Drase
ladies, which is a conical tube, about eiehteen
inches long, of aQrer, or copper surered
tlightly oyer, according to the wealth of the
wearer, and omamentod with a yariety of
patterns. It ia fixed upon a cushion fastened
to the top of the forehead, and iaclines slightly
forward like the horn of the fabled tmicom.
Over this a piece of white mnslin is thrown,
which falls down to the hips, and serves to
envelope their faces at pleasure when they go
abroad.
LJc^ tunfiuat, A carpet.
^^j^ tanln, Noise, sound, reverberation,
* echo, rumour, fame. [pot.
fj>^\j^ tau?djin{^l. of ^^It), Porridge-
imJj^j^ taiffdrif (pi. of ^It), Ejes.
Such wild beasts as are hunted.
^jj^J^ tofodrik, Nocturnal trayellers.
AuguiB, diviners, soothsayers, prophets, necro-
mancers. Misfortunes, calamities. \^\
Wir^^ ^J3j^3* ^ ^^^^ ^^^ arriyest
at this place, be admonished hy the vicissitudes
of the time, and hy the misfortunes that thou
beholdest ; and be not deceived hv the world
and its charms, falsity, calumny, fallacy, and
finery.
uJtJ^ taunodff Turning, surrounding,
making a procession. <ull (^^^ uJljl^
i»Lsrt, The procession round tbe Ka^
bah or temple of Mecca, which the pil^;rims
are enjoinea hy the Alcoran to do seven times,
the first three in a quick, the last four in a
grave ordinary pace ; it heing also necessary,
every time they pass the black stone (which
is set in nlver at the south-east comer, about
seven spans above the ground^, either to kiss it
or toucQ it with the hand, which they imme-
diately apply to their lips. It is supposed by
the Mahometans to have been one of the stones
of Paradise, and that it fell to the earth with
Adorn; but bein? again taken up at the
Deluge, it remainea there till the angel Gabriel
brought it to Abraham when he was building
the Kabbah. It is said to have the property
of swimming in water, and that it was origin-
ally as white as snow; though it has long
since become superficially black, either in con-
sequence of the touch or a monstrous woman,
according to some doctors, or, as others imagine,
by the kisses of the numberless pilgrims that
have in all times flocked to Mecca,
«J\jt iawdli^ (pi. and fern, of ^U?),
Dawns. Horoscopes, &tes, fortunes, ete.
L/-i^^^
tr^>
tuwdiffU, Peacocks,
totrdiA, Vicissitudes. ^,^^s,^^^
^jA^\ \jL^ ^\ J^jl\ ^^^, The
vicissitades of the times drove me to Saou in
Yemen.
Si\j^ tawdf/if (pi. of ^U?), Peoples,
nations. w.j31^j^\ ^J ^\ uiA Jfi^^
jJ^\ ^J ^\ , Know also that in the
sea are many peoples, and various forms of all
kinds that are on the land.
_j^ tnha', Good, excellent, agreeable,
"sweet'; better, best, sweetest
L^jb idpf A. cannon, piece of ordnanoe,
_ac^jt, A cannonier. ^la:;^, An
axsenal, the artillery.
jjb tatPTf A mode, manner, condition,
state, action. TuTj A mountain, especiiUy
Mount Sinai, jj^^ (Jf^ Jahal Uttifft
Mount Tabor. This mountain, from whicbj
one can have one of the finest views in Snii
is of the figure of a broken cone, eight hoirared
or a thousand yards in height. The sommit
is two-thirds of a league in ciicumfcrenoe.
Formerly it had a citMel, of which nothing
remains. From hence are to be seen, to tbe
south, a series of valleys and mountains, whicb
extend as far as Jerusalem ; while to tiie ejet
the Valley of Jordan and Lake Tabaria (tbe
latter of which seems as if inclosed in tb«
crater of a volcano) appear as if onder one's
feet. Beyond this the eye loses itself towanii!
the plains of the Hauran, and then, tomiss
to the north, returns by the mountains <>:
Hasbeyya and Easmia to re^se on the fcrtilt
plains of Galilee, without being able to md
the sea.
{^io^ Tetudn, Tetuan, a seaport towi
of Africa, Morocco, in the province of £
Garb, on the Meiditerranean, immediakl;
witbin the Straits of Gibraltar, twenty>tT'
miles from Ceuta. The environs are caiWoli
planted with vineyards and gardens : the grape
are exquisite, and the oron^ are reekoni^ i<
some to be superior to any m the world. Tb
inhabitants consist of Moors and Jews. Tb
English fieets entering the Mediterranri
often water and victual m the Bay of Tetoai
The population is 16,000. In 1S61 tl
Spanish Government, having determined 1
abandon its claims against Morooeo, deelan
Tetuan to be the property of Spain, readen
it impregnable, and ooloBiied ite ienitory.
U (225)
s jt (fw^ Obedienoe, Tolnntaiy submis-
t^
SOI.
688.
U^ te^ony WithBabnusdre willingni
iJ^ U»f, A cizcniiuunlmlatioiL
Jiis M/&», The nnirenal delage.
jjb M (pL of jt^f )i A neddaoe, a
Jjl? MnHd, Being long, tall, ezten-
w. UAt long, of A long dontioii. Tid,
Loo;. Ingn, eqwdall j of life. Prolonging.
u4r' JA -^ ^<^ **"**• ^^'^^ J^»
AtDo tine, nerer, j^oL ^UJI J^
j>lt, The length of the tongue
^i^ortBBfifc. png to the length.
if t^ In length, at length, accord-
u)t te, To fold.
^ *^ tariyi^, Opinion, pnrpofle,intention.
J-: iL top!/ (leni. XL jb), Long, tall. A
kiadflflongTeno. Jd^ iiJ^J ^ J^
cr^l ^ idr Uikd lamdn tawUfidilk,
Sk ba bea long in adTeniiy.
'^f^ ^mt, Pority, neatness, cleanness,
;<« Mr, Cleanliness, parity'.
j*^Uk9r, That by which anything is
F>nfiid or denied.
j^ ^, To contract, to roll or fold np,
to sbddge, to make a oompendimn. To fur-
'^d. To eoTcr or fiU vp.
y^ <syydr. That which flies abont
;'*'^fU-%ydr, Flying rhenmatic
^ol^UJI ^^b l^fJil, As for the
^^^j*watt aibvded by the eierdae of pnblio
T?*'»ttd die adTantages derimble fimn
Hyf^whre power, they prove falladonB as
^^*hwd Ta^triet or a dream, or like
""Tyflttt Tanifh in the darfcnfim, nor can
^^^^^*% be better than degradation. And
** ** ^iii^ ita itoiei are eqraaed to frequent
risk, and often become a praj to the depreda-
' their disapp
rapid aa the flight of the most swift birds.
tions of maranders, and their disappearance in
XmJU? taifdliiat (pi. of ^jUJuL), A part
of the tnrban sash.
j^lJJ^ tayydn, One who prepares plaster,
mortar, or clay.
tai^ib (fern. ^^L), Good, sweet.
agreeable, delicate. Legal. Xj'^ i Uli
And when his grandmother saw him, she rose
to him and embraced him^ kissed him between
J
the eyes, and said to him : May thy arrival be
blessed, 0 my child ! How didst thou leave
thy mother P He answered her: Well; in
perfiBCt prosperity and in good health ; and she
salutes thee. ^ L«^ ^ aJj Ait Jj
And he put before him some of the yarious
excellent, delicions, and exquisite viands. So
the porter advanced, and, having said, In the
name (of Ood, the Compassionate, the Merci-
fbl), ate nntil he was satisfied and satiated ;
then he said, Praise be to God in every case.
tlb, Perfume, aromatiG unguents.
ii2o tlyatf Folding or wrapping up (of
anything). ^
Jo %r, Abird. ^\j vr^j 1^:-^^
So I wondered ; and I raised my head, and,
contemplating that object attentively, I saw
that it was a bird of enormous size, bnlky
body, and wide wings, flying in the air ; and
this it was that oonSsaled the eye of the sun,
and veiled it.
^j^o taifor&n, Flying, flight, to fly.
^jmJ? toffth, Levity, inconstancy, folly.
Irresolution.
wl? tayy^, Obsequious. Willing. U^,
Willingly, voluntarily, of his own accord.
15
(226)
JUS
taijif, A phantom, a spectre, a
vision (in a dream). |JJ i—sJ? y^j^
1^. •
Leyla's phantom came by night, when drowai-
ness had overcome me, towaitls morning, while
my companions were aleefting in the desert ;
but when we awoke to oehold the phantom
that had passed, I saw the honse deserted, and
the place of yisitation was distant. (Arabic
prorerb, meaning that what is done cannot be
undone.)
cJJ^ tayfoT ^^\ ^mJt^\ aitayfdlkhafif
The mysterious or inTisible spirit ; the ether ;
a phantom, a ghost. In the system of the
first spiritoalists, the sool was not created with
or at the same time as the body, in order to be
inserted in it : its existence was supposed to be
anterior and from all eternity. The following,
in a few words, is the doctnne of Macrobius
on this head : " There exists a luminous,
igneous, subUe fluid, which, under the name
of ether and spiritos, fills the universe. It is
the essential principle and agent of motion and
life ; it is the Deity. When an earthly body
is to be animated, a small round particle of
this fluid gravitates through the Milky Waj
towards the lunar sphere, where, when it
arrives, it unites with a ^;roaser air, and be-
comes fit to associate with matter; it then
enters and entirely fills the bod^, animates it,
suffers, grows, increases, and diminishes with
it ; lastly, when the body dies, and its gross
dements dissolve, this incorruptible particle
takes its leave of it, and returns to the grand
ocean of ether, if not retained by its union
with the lunar air. It is this air or gas which,
retaining the shape of the body, becomes the
phantom or ghost, the perfect representation
of the deceased." The Greeks called this
phantom the idol or image of the soul ; the
Pythagoreans its chariot, its frame; and the
Babbinical school its vessel, or boat. When
a man had conducted himself well in this
world, his whole soul — ^that is, its chariot &nd
ether— ascended to the moon, where a separa-
tion took place ; the chariot lived in the lunar
elysium, and the e&er returned to the fixed
sphere, that is, to Ood — ^for the fixed heaven,
says Macrobius, was by many called by the
name of God. If a man haa not Uvea vir-
tuously, the soul remained on earth to undergo
purification, and was to wander to and fro,
like the ghosts of Homer, to whom this doc-
trine miut have been known, since he wrote
after the time of Pherecydes and Pythagoras,
who were its promulgators in Greece. Hero-
dotus, upon this occasion, says that the whole
romance of the soul and its transmigrations
was invented by the Eg^tians, and propa-
gated in Greece. Solomon treats this system
as a fable : Who knoweth, aajs he, the spui
of a man that goeth upwards r I said in rm
heart concerning the estate of the sons of mn
^t God mif ht manifest them, and that the]
might see that they themselves are beasti
For that which beralleth the sons of mei
befiiUeth beasts ; even one thing befidld
them : as the one dieth, so dieth the other
yea, they have all one breath ; so that a m&
has no pre-eminence above a beast: for a]
is vanity. — ^Eccles. iU. 18, 19.
ji^aJ? tayfikr^ Kame of a little bird.
^^JuL tayloB and ^UJiJ? taykuanf \
part of the torban, sash, or anything simil«
nan^ff from the head over the shonlder^
particniarly that worn by the noblemen {
Arabia, etc, of the family of Mahomet ; ali
a kind of head-dress or mantle worn by tk
Sophs or Dervises in Persia.
^j^ tfn, Earth, clay, mud, loam.
^jJb tlnat, Nature, complexion, temperi
ment, disposition, genius. Earth, plsstfl
mortar.
jj^ tuyHr (pi. of JL), Birds. It
commonly believed by the Muaehnen, leam
and unlearned, that all kinds of birds, a]
many, if not all beasts, have a language |
which they communicate their thoughts to eaj
other ; and it is said in the Eur'an iSaX Soloiq
was taught thelanguage of birds. c^j\j
^l.^^^\
L,^ LiJb J.
Like birds, they fl^ away in the evening
departed. Ana he who dieth of love is
guilty. I will keep my love secret while i
possible to do so, but if violent longing a
come me then I will make it known,
phantom of her whose face is like the m<
ing came at night, and the night of my dej
has no morning !
i»
)o sd, The seventeenth letter of the Ara
alphabet, denoting 900 in arithmetic.
^U? tdfir (part.)i Orercommg, conqii
ing. A conqueror.
Jli? tdlm^ A tyrant, unjust, iniquity
barbarous, cruel, oppressive. ^
f^
(227)
J*
j^\ ^i. Then the king judged
ibe people; dimlaeed the tynniiicaU and in-
ntttd die good and jort ; and oonHimiid to
gne jtdgMot Qttlil near midday,
ji^ iM (fiem. ^Ife), Thinty.
/)o idUr (fem. (^U?), The snrfiBoe,
s^sfido^ otenial part» exterior. Apparent,
cien; wtub^ efident, certain.
^ »ly, A wfld back, a cheTiel^ a
' zdi, a |a^ a roe, m doe.
^> ^M (pi. ^!>), Beauty,
«^e;iitt,giaeefQlneH.
•^j? i»/(pL i-Jj|^)f A yessel, a vase,
I jii, a bottle; a pniie. (GnmmaticaUj),
An adTeib (of time and place). <— ^
*^)J^)t The oontaining and con-
tfioaL ^ICeSl uJ;!^, An adverb of
place. ^Uptt,J^, An adverb of time.
Ji 9nfi (pi. of ujbjii «»t/), Those
«b esaUiie deganoe, wit, and tact.
^} mr^f (pL of i^)b %arf). En-
^tiajKieoolaiBmg receptacles. (Srcamstanoes.
^jc tarif (fem. ^Jo), Ingenions,
^fce, nbtOe, indnatrioiia, dexterous. Bean-
^H gneefal, polite, gallant Speaking
'^^tlT. [claws.
fe uf§r, Victary, triumph* Nails or
m
y^ iSl, k shadow. A cooling shade.
^^^nata of the night. IVotection, goard.
J^ vUl, A dond, or anything similar
*^ iflbrds a shade.
^ tt^, Obscurity, darkness. LJLi
^: v/ ^*^' f^J^ Wri sg/sr^
I*!'*
•«««, And when I heard her words
^1^ Voids, and witnesMd what passed be-
"^ ^ the world became darkness before
*^*tett<, Injustice, oppression.
r^*^ Becoming dark, obscure. Jiet
"^ Tpoay, <^ipressioD, injnstice, injury,
f*fT.«iftife,feroisity,barbaiity. Tooppress.
u;:^
Oppressively, tyran-
nically, barbarously. uX»at2 ^\ Spj
JJ^ <)^jt; Cl^oli*^ C^l?-) <j^j^U
ulijJI, ^ Ob 11 Ci3 J U, tli'\y^ J,
Were it not that he loTeth thee, he had not
ikllea sick on thy aeeoimt, and his sool had
not almost departed by reason of his love of
Ihee I And all this is the effect of the oppres-
srre injostice of thy father. [(mght).
UUff %almd (pi. nulm), Obscurity. Dark
Liiio lalamat, Oppressors, tyrants. ^uU^,
admat, Darkneas, obscority.
i*^ %alnm, aU? and aJA?, Most cruel,
unjust, tjrrannical. ijL-^\^ \ jl ^j^JJajl
yiJi* V=^ C^LlaJlj vlx-i-is ^LJ
*j^ ^ ^\ ^^^ uXU, Tyrannize
not, if thou hast the power to do so ; for the
tyrannical is in danger of rcTenee. Thy eye
will sleep while the oppressed and wakefdl will
call down cuxses on thee; but God's eye
deepeth not.
JJJj soft;, Shady (place).
j,J]ff %aiim, A£Pected by injustice ; milk
* not onite tamed; earth thrown oat of a well;
a idaie ostrich.
'UJ^ and i\^, Having an excessive
thirst Bnming with desire.
J^ %tmn (pi. ^Jyiia stmfln), Opinion,
thought, imagination, sospicion, jealoosy.
^Jiii\^, A bad thought, a rash judg-
ment. \3\ cl^l>- v^tg;%.rt f^\ ^JiaJ^
4il$3Uxt CJJq^j Dost thou think
that thy state will profit thee when the time
of thy departore shall yisit theeP or that thy
riches will saTO thee when thy deeds wiU
damn thee? L:^%M0jt Ji_:iib 4l JU /J
Then he said to him : 0 my son, I hare now
given thee my charge, and finished it ; and if
thou obey its guidance, a blessing will be with
thee; but if thou transgress against it woe be
unto thee : and may God watch otct tiiee for
me when I am no more ; and I trust thon wUt
not falsify my hope concerning thee.
jU
(228)
^Vc
y^^ sunfin, Thinking, supposing, ^onftn,
A BuspidouB man.
j^ %ahr (pi. j^ and^t), The back.
uJ^I^, The back of the hand.
jy^ tahikr^ Appearing, arising. Beign,
dominion, fiime. [protects.
j^ %ahir, One who backs, aids, assists, or
c ^oyn, The eighteenth letter of the
Arabic dphabet, expreaaine 70 in arith-
metic. Tne power of thia letter ia that of
\ ff Ji/pronoaneed with greater exertion
of the throat, not eaay to be explained. Aa
the Roman alphabet doea not famish any
character of aimilar power, we have in thia
work used the original letter itaelf in apeUing
the worda with the European alphabet.
jjU ^dhidf An adorer, or servant of God«
jU ^lir (fern. iji}^)t Passing. jU
Ji;*^!, A passenger, a trayeller, a
atranger.
^jtJ<s. ^ah%%, Austere, stem, sour.
jU ^5ft, Proud, violent.
^U ^<S;, Ivory. Elephants' teeth.
c^-^^-U (>,,.^fg^ ^c^ulmn ^jih, Admir-
able, a wonder of wondera.
J>-l£ ^dji%t Weak, impotent, exhausted,
defective, hopeleaa, powerleaa, dejected.
^|s>-le ^ajil, Hastening, transitory, frail,
fiiding^ fleeting.
lU^U ^ajilan, In haste, hastily,
^^flj-lc ^djl (Made) of ivory.
oU^ JytJ ThamUd wa ^d, Thamud and
Ad were two tribea of ancient Araba, aaid to
hare been of enormooa atature, who, with few
exceptioiia, were deatroyed for their obetinate
idolatry. The tribe of Ad waa the more ancient,
but both lived before tiie time of Abraham.
ii^le ^ddat (pi. CL^ljU), Custom, mode,
manner, habit, uaage, rite, obaervation.
khamisahy Cuatom is a fifth nature.
JjU ^dJi7, JuBt,equitable.^^Cubiji]f J^^
i^Ub sj^j ^•ij ^^^^ ^J\ \^j
^y^jiAc ^\^ AJJ, The tiw
thereupon approached him, kiaaed the |ro«
beibre nim, and oongratulated him on bu i
return ; becauae he waa juat and beloTci
4^jU ^di (fem. ^jU ^ddiyah), Coi
mon, of every-day oocurrenoe.
jU ^r, Beproach, scorn, disgrace, ;
nominy, dishonour, shame. j\ji\ i^j^
fire thim diahonour : be maater of thyieUi
fiy from disgrace and diahonour, thoi^h it
to the fire.
^jU ^dnd (fem. 4i^le ^ridat)^ i
accident, an event Oontingenee. A misi
tune, evil, diaeaae.
L^U ^ridan, Aoeidentally.
i^j[s. ^ruliU, A transverse or horizon
piece of wood over a door-way, or on a roo
i^j^ ^dridlit Aooidental, unfortona
lU^jle 4i^, An accidental quality.
uJ^U ^riff Part. Knowing, peroeirii
adentifio, wiae, akilful, capable. A penetrati
intelligent, ingenioua man.
v^^U ^rl (fem. ij^U ^riifai)^ Naki
deatitute.
b^le ^drayydf Arayya is the ascii
Aroer, the ruina of which atand on the edg^
a precipice, overlooking the WsdX Mojeb,
Arnon of the Scriptnrea. Amon ia one si
day'a journey to the aouth of Om-el-B^
and diridea tne prorince of Belka from t
of Karak, aa it formerly divided the n
kingdoma of the Moabitea and the Amorit^
jj\s> cdsar, Lazarus.
^ : U ^d%%m, Applying the mind to. Und
taking (a journey). Inviting, sj^
\atiman ^M watt an Id ukaUumKu kat^
in the firm reaolntion never to ipeak with \
^U ^Mr, The tenth.
Jh2»^ idthik (fem. ^L&U), A lovefi
inamorato; a aweetheart ; a miatreaa. Adu^
jytija.**^ Jh^U, Alover and hisbelol
^\yA\ ^ i^i^, And he J
(SS9)
J^
Toflj I an ■ hmffng lofw, irhom purion
and wftntkm have oanmned ; and when I
beoae mmnA fSrom mj beloYed, I lost my
RMoo, nd WW aneooaeioiu of my ezistenoe.
UJsA ^dduMyak, Ifataral sympathj,
|;^W ^diiiiil, The tenth day of the
fint nfloth, called /^^c^-
Li^l£^/(aDd Xai^U), Strong, violent
(«i>4. Bteay, blowing (day).
•^^^ f^ Stb, protected. Chaste.
^^ (di^ Disobedient, rebellioQB,
'M^ii$a^ nhaietorff rtobbom. A sinner, a
rU ^Utaj^dji, The riverOrontea,
tfafixwoftbeandenta. The following is a
<Ioa^ of the banks of the Orontes,
^(tnm Aitiodi and Selcneia: — In one hoar
vcnehtd the banks of the Orontes, hear the
pJKe vlicn, unnng from the mountains, it
0:01 1^ pbiB, prerioos to emptying itsdf
ialo ikt M, two ndleB from henoe. At this
^ K^ of iti eonzie, though not Tery wide,
rt B • OM^ deep^ and steady flowing iiTer, and
Boigi^ 6r Tsosds of about one bandied
^ Mbo. There being no bridse, we
cmd it in a flerry-boai, tiie head of which
^ ooBucted by an iron ring to a rope
^iarttosither bank, we hadnothing to
fetoteihde ooaolTes alonff it, without the
aaaaBe of a boatman. On reaching the
JMtc dum, we oommenoed ascending the
» hak of the stiwm, and, in a quarter of
ttboar, eatflred a mountain pass of surpassing
■">^« For more than two horns from
ws ^ Orootes is seen flowing between a
wfeljae of high hills, winding and taming
^^Mtiy, ss the ground over iniich it pasMS
pvnto obrtades to its free coune, though
«^ it thsteby to distribute altematdy
to Qtbcr ads the fertilizing powers of its
*^n. In this interral the road is natually
*^to tiM e^rieea of the rirer. At times
It oa akn; tti banks, and is then over a
■d tf a daik red eolour, oontrssting pleas-
^j vith die surrounding Terdure. At
T"'»^'^Mre the paange is straightened by
^*mr ^proaok of the stream, it is a
^^ feotpiSh, leading the traTeUer oTer
>n aad nned rocks, with frightful abysses
j?^ at his feet. OccarioniQly the riyer
^m BMitiesIly along tlie base of a perpen-
^'^oHunnl hundred feet high, having
^^|ass in its sides, that add a singidar
^1^ ^ the scene. In these parts, the
^^■gmeally wider than in others, and
.^^ ■■* eonsecpently, some small green
^itiK cultiTation. These are punted
T^ ^Shtnj trees and Tines, and here and
^***Wtsge is seen peeping from amongst
''^ Btt aatara is more apparant tl^
^" 4a picturesque Tslley, and nowhere,
a<K^ ii Bj loog eouxse m travel, haTe I
seen her beauties laTiihed with so bountiM
a hand. It is hardly within the reach of
language to oouTcy an adequate idea of the
luxuriant variety of foliage which presents
itself on CTcry side. > Besides tiie rich green
myrtle and laurel, mixed up with the wild Tine,
the bay-tree, arbutus, plane-tree, and sycamore
are scattered about in all directions.' But it
was not the eye alone that was charmed. The
fruit-trees, which are here Tery abundant, were
now in Ml bloswm, and sent forth an agree-
able fragranes as we pnsied along; ana, to
complete the ^ratification of the senses, the
occasional shaBows of the riTcr kept up a
perpetual murmur, which soothed the ear, and
more thyan once inrited us to repose. One
single regret mingled itself with our plea^
sure, Tix. that, owing to its distance from
our homes, we could not hope to make it the
object of frequent pilgrimage.
Je\e. ^atir, Odoriferous.
^/JeXp ^tis, Sneezing.
(.jkU ^iif, Benevolent, gracious.
^U ^diifai, Affection, benevolence.
Grace, lirour. [useless.
JtU ^dtil, Idle, vacant, wanting. Vain,
i^jLlc ^m, Anything exciting, sneez-
ing.
Ls\a ^fiyat. Health. h^\ ^\m
^lalt^ Inghdyat ui tihha wdl^&fiyah^
In perfect good health. [comes Isst.
i..^U ^dhh^ A successor, one who
iJi\e. ^dkibat, The end, conclusion, suc-
cess, accomplishment Issae. Following,
succeeding. A son, o£bpring. ^Jlsjkr
Jlcp\ IjJb iLiU ^ yitkhtMha* min
lakibat hazSl hal^ The consequence of this
state of things is to be feared. ^U 4!
^U ^ l^ b laAu ^kibai yd Jahd
min ^akibahf fle will haTC an end, but such a
dreadful end. 4j J^ d^lc ^alrw kkal^
la/a ^akibahradiyahf He has left children, who
are of the worst quality.
Jjlc ^kid, Part. Binding, fastening,
tying in a knot
^\s. ^hr^ A barren woman.
^U ^dkUf Prudent, judicious, intelli-
gent, sensible, wise, sagacious, c^.'^odr
The wrath of the fool in words, and the anger
of the wise in deeds.
(230)
JU ^lam, The world, the universe.
JU ^lim, Learned.
I^U ^dlami, Worldljy mundane, exiai-
ing in the world.
^Lft ^ait (fern. *-lU), The upper part
AboYe. High, iablime, eminent^ excellent,
grand. [before.
I»lc ^(2i», A year. J^Jl ^^U, The year
4^lc ^dmnuU, The vulgar, the eommons,
plebeians. A commonity, society, all, every-
hody. ^1 oLf JUU, All the servanta
of God, all the aubjeots. ^U
^l^ ^dmmatan k&ffaUm, Generally,
nniTersally, commonly.
iX«lc, Who proposes or designs.
^U ^dmtr, Cultiyated, inhabited. Bich,
abundant.
J^le ^dmt7 (fern. ^lL«U), Making, per-
forming. An operator,ezecutor. iJ^^J^^
^Us^ ^ 15^^ ^Fjcx, And he made
me his flaperintendent of the sea-port, and
regirtrar of every Tessel that came to the coast
I stood in his presence to transact his afhiis.
jJU ^nid, Obstinate, wilful, peryerse.
^Ic ^dnaA, Aanah, an Arab town on
the Enphrates, fiEimons for its asses, which lies
in the route from Damascus to Bagdad, oyer
the desert. When the carayan amyes there,
it has already left the desert, and is no longer
in danger from the Bedouins.
ifjJb\e. ^hira, A whore, a worthless
woman, a female thief.
JjIc ^dyid, Betuming, referring to,
turning towards, appertaining to, belonging,
being related, connected.
^jyyjU ^dyish, Living comfortably.
^U ^yuhah. The daughter of Abu-
bekre, and the fayourite wife of Mahomet
j;iU ^dytii^, Part. Preventing, hindering,,
diverting, frustrating, detaining. Anaooident
^Ic ^(Zytn, Looking with a fixed and
malignant eye.
Lc ^ahd and iLx ^hdi (pL ^^ ^^)t
A sortout coat nade of a ooazae stuff of gott
hair, stripedblaok and white,andwithoatfieiiD
jLc ^ihddf Servants, woishippen of Goc
if jLc ^ddat, Divine worship, adozatioi
ij\^ ^ihdrat (pi. iZj\j\^)y A tit^
figure. Sense, meaning, intent, phraie.
fij\^ i^dharlm (Gr. Afiaplfi), Moia
tains to the east of the Biver Jordan, nuinii
into the tribe of Reuben, and land of t]
Moabites, on both sides of the Biver Ano
The mountains Nebo, Pisgah, and Peor, we
parts of the Abarim. Here was the forty-fir
encampment of the Israelites in the wilderoa
and here Moses died.
if[j^{jJLc, Abas (Schah), great-gran^
son of Abas (Schah) the Great, began to nii
in 1642. He was a tolerant prince, who m
to say, *<that God alone was lord of men's coi
sciences" ; and that ^ it was his duty to vau
oyer the goyemment of his country, and to a
minister justice with impartiality to sU hia sol
jects of eyery persuasion." Died 1666, aged 3
AmaLc, Abasa, an island in tiie B(
Sea, near Ethiopia* JL.iLc, Abas
A small town of Boumania, twelye miles fro
Adrianople. Here is an elegant mos^oe, ai
a spacious kane, or inn, ooyered with lea
^^^^Lff!\ Ul^l, Abasidesy the name |
a fEunily of soyereiffns, deriyed from Abli
ben Abd-al-Motalleb, paternal unde of tl
Arabian prophet HahomeL (jiX
ig^yi^^f Abbas Halli, or Magus,
of the Magi, and a physical author, vl
flourished in the lOth century. A treatise
his, entitled ''The Boyal Work," is st
extant. i^JVi^Hjufr^l ^^Le, Abbe
son of Abdalmothleb, uncle of Mahomet, f
at first an enemy to Mahomet, but bei
taken prisoner by him, he changed his sen
ments, and be(»me a aealous Mnssnlmi
Died 658. A century after his death, !
grandson Abulabbas, sumamed Saffsh, «
chosen caliph, in whom hmn the dynaotv
the Abandes, who enjoyed thai dignity £
years. sJ^J] ^mJ^ ^^jLc, Abbast
sister of the caliph Haroun-al-Basehid.
whom she was married to Gia£ur, his vizi
on a singular condition of wedlock, wh;
fiuled to be ftilfilled. There are extant so
Arabic yerses by her, on the subject of 1
loye for Gia&r. Liyed in the 8th century.
C^yT. ^aboi, Being vain, idle; trifiii
playing. Vanity, absurdity, folly, a trifle.
Ju£ ^oM, A servant, a slave. ^\s
^JLL^ Jj^\ jJ|^ Abdalla, faU
01
Jy£
(231)
of Xihomet He ma oiilj a eamel-driTer ;
tei th« Mossalmaiia, batinff nothing better to
bout of onoenuBg him, cleclare tnat he was
offend tb fineet women of his tribe when he
V3I feoneon jetn old, and that on hii wed-
ding Qtfiii a bondred girls ^ed of ^ef, for
bTiBg kit tlie honoor of being his bride.
J^ ^ ^tjuc, Abdallah-ebD-ali,
udtflf tk jSnt two ealiphs of the Abasidea,
QBda ikm he serred la a general asainst
tltt a^ Xenren, whom he ranqnished, and
pTKiiiaedldi nephew in his stead. He was
piihT cf hoirible eroelties on the family of
tbOaaiidei,the name of the rival family
of QkHpk When his eldest nrohew died,
k» )ivther Almansor assumed the goTem-
tt&tftieh ao displeased Abdallah, that he
naed a armj against him, but waa defeated.
Pat to death, 754. j^j ^^ dill Juc,
iUaOik-ebn-sobeir, an Arabian chiefs who
f^ dte edmhate in 680, notwithstanding
^dam of lend, and enjoyed the digni^
B» J9a. Feu fighting m the defence of
Heeca, in his 72nd year. ujLSaUtjuf,
Abdallitif, a distingnished Arabio writer, who
Nued an adsnrable histoij of Ejgypt
Born io Bagdad, U61 ; died, 1231.
^Ulijuc, Abdalmalek, fifth caliph
^ t^ nee of the Ommiadea. His reign was
^■eeeaifid; and on aooonnt of his great
tvnitt, he was named tiie/PA;^^stofi«. The
^nr Mjing of tkiimm^ m jHnt \e supposed
to be dmTed from this drcumstance. He
^igBfld tweaty-ooe yean, at the dose of
t» 7th md beginniDg of the 8th oenturiea.
^^ eft^tjuAy Abdalrahmaiij a
^Ma gneral, and GoTemor of Spain, who,
laer nra^ing Franee witb fire aiid sword,
*» naqnahed at Tooia by Charles Martel.
^ at TooiB, 782. ^jj^J\s^
C^^\ Abdalrahmaziy Buniamed the
H «e of the fiunily of the Ommiadea,
'»J|W to Spain in 766, where he com-
^jvd the Sarseens against their kkg Joseph,
^^^^ahman slew that prince, and was then
*™«ledgedeafiph. He also assumed the title
^^EagofCordoTa. Died 790. <jk«^Juc,
^ ft Penrian Hahop in the time of the
jJl^f^J^eodosius, wno brought upon the
^T'ttBi a violent peiseeution, and was the
°J|^&n ia it The elergy called in
■""•■■^ by whom the Persians were
^'^^i; hat fte persecution lasted forty years.
' «^ ^oMtt/ shamif or ^^^«m«JmI1 j|^ J
•It
cianB and Egyptians used to paint the sun as a
man sitting upon the lotus or nenuphar, so
representinf the moving spirit of tbe sun,
whidi in&e manner aa that plant Uvea in
the water without any communication with
clay, eziatB equally distmct from matter, swim-
ming in empty sjMce, resting on itself: it is
round also in all its parts, like the leaves, the
flowers, and the fruit of the lotos. (Brahma
has the eyes of the lotus, says Chaster
Neadirsen, to denote his intelligence ; hia eyes
swim orer cTerything, like the flower of the
lotus on the waters.) A man at the helm of
a ship is descriptive of the sun, which goTems
all. And Forphrry tells us that the sun is
also represented by a man in a ship resting
upon an amphibious crocodile (emblem of a£r
and water). At Slaphantine the^ worshipped
tiie flgure of a man in a sittmg posturcL
painted blue, having the head of a ram, and
the horns of a goat, which encompassed a
disk ; 931 which represented the sun and moon's
conjunction at the sign of the Ram — ^the blue
colour denoting the power of the moon, at
the period of junction, to raise water into
clouoB. The hawk vrith the Phoenicians was an
emblem of the sun and of light, on account of
its rapid flight, and its soaring into the highest
regions of the air where iieht abounds. There
is no doubt that the hol£n^ of the tumsol
in Teneration, and the worshipping it by the
Ans«riah, aa the personification or emblem of
the sun, comes from the ancient Phoenicians.
5jufi ^aMat (pi. of Jjlc ^aJti), Wor-
shippers, [retiring.
j^ ^abr, Passing (a river). Going away,
(j:j\r^^ cobrat, Tears. il^\ ^
tl^ ^\ j^j, ^fp ^Ir^'j
^. iA«fw, The flower tumsol, which
^T** ^ greatest Teneration by the
^^■i who look upon it as the emblem of
7 %f the senrant of the Sun {abdml
;|!^*ho is called Hah nl alihah, the God
^IBda We know that the ancient Phceni-
thee with my tears flowing, and the drops
from my eyes running incessantly ; but I am
not despairing of the faronr of my lord.
Perhaps some day our union may take place.
ijf^^ ^thrdnl, Hebrew.
ij^ ^abrat, A tear jast starting, ^hratf
An exemplary panishment, a lesson.
^\ ^j^ ij^ cuoU3 , 0 my mistress.
I was not bom with only one eye ; I have a yery
wonderful stonr, which, if written, would serve
as a lesson to nun who would be admonished.
i^jA^ ^kari, Perfect in every respect,
excelled by none. A lord, a chief, a com-
mander.
"":_ _r" ^
»^.
(^
(SS3)
1^
^e 9. by Ae loailMni limiti of tilie Bqmuh
d Aattiin doninioiu, £. bj the Black Sea
'A tbtBo^horns, S. br Greece and the Sea
fXtmonkUidW. by the Adriatic. FnUtieal
mmm. Thoe are, by the Turks, divided
^ tkirtj-ax gorenunenta, called Byalete,
4dMB flf which are in Europe, eighteen in
^kkwa ftne in Africa. More oomprehen-
O^terertr, theae may be.reoos[ni2ed as
jm ffimm; named Bomnelia, TheHaly,
11— ,lfiii III |(ivina,and Montenegro, Bocoia,
iAintfTvkish Croatia, Bolgaria, Serria,
VldlidUi,ad MoldaTia. The Uat three are
olhiAiBBiibiaaprincipalitiea, with lion-
tttpJWi aiora raan nominally belonging
toMir. &w. The Black, the Sea of
^ the idiiatic, and the Ionian. The
01 fbw of Caanmdray Salonica, Monte
mi ConteaBa; the Straits thoie of
and the Baidanellea ; and the
Otnato connects the Ionian and
«L I$lattd$. Candia, Imbro, Stali-
andThaao. u^m, 300,000
W9wBtL Jk$9. Monntainons in generaL
iUiftinBBdfroin east to west by the Balkan
ji^fti Man half of which is the ancient
great range is connected with
by a chain which, running
aapantea Soma from Bulgaria.
aide it sends out two secondary
ef which travenes Albania, while
kager in its oonrse, extends even
Qiaeee, and terminates in the ex-
if the M ores. The principal moun-
nadei the Balkan, are the Despoto
vBhodope, in the 8., Pindus in the
fts Binaiie Alps in the W., and the
in the N. Whateyer may be the
if the mountains of Turkey, howcTer,
to have reached the limit
Rwert, The Danube with
the Dim, the Pruth, the Sereth,
. the MoraTa, and the SaTC. These
ivK., with some other smaller stresms.
ilWtb side of the CUemus ran^ the
lltte Arohipelago, and the ^rmcipal
te flow into it are the Maritsa and
; the Hebms and the Azius of the
Of the riven in the west, the prin-
fte Drxn, the Narenta, the Vardari ;
the largest is the Aohelous. Lakn,
cow, and the largest are thoae of
isd Scutari in the W. CUmaU,
and not Ter^ warm when latitude
into considermtion. Forut». Bzten-
*t the Boontaina. SMogy, The wolf,
W^ ihsiackal, the wild boar, and the
iVv. The products of the maritime dia-
tf Tstker in Europe are sufficiently
" tat «• Jiare no minute acquaintance
Wlaay of the interior. In regard to
fctwti^ apples, and pears, are found
AiMraieni prorinces. The southern
cmges, raisins, oUtcs, figs, and
lie grape succeeds in aJmost erery
! ywftuBpire; the pomegranate and the
SpNMl w£f \sL its aouthem and warmest
2>^ Vhesi^maiae^ rice, cotton, silk, and
Mn^ M aQ indigcDoas to the country.
Cattle and horses are reared in almost erery
part of the empire. The goat is useful in the
mountains; the ass and mule are as those of
Italy. Jfmtrals. Unimportant, except iron:
it bias mines of salt, lead, and marble, how-
erer. Man/. Almost entirely domestic, com-
prising fire-arms, woollen and cotton stufis,
shawls^ leather, with dyeing and printing
works. Brandy-distilling ii also common
throughout the country. Mel, Mahomedaniam,
of the sect of Omar. The rule of faith ia the
. Koran. Fasts are frequent and rigorous ;
the injunctions in the principal one (the
Kamanan) being to taste neither food nor
drink while the sun remaina aboTO the horison.
The great mMority, however, are followers
of the Ghreek Ohurch. HdticatioH. Deficient
The lower ranks are almost deroid of educa-
tion : learning ia confined to law and theology,
which haTC nere a close connexion ; for the
lawjer must be skilled in the Koran, and tiie
dinne learned in the law. In philosophy
and literature their hare made little progress ;
and in the arts, whether useful or ornamental,
they are equally backward. Army. Upwards
of 850,000. This estimate is giyen for the
whole of the Ottoman empire. Jfavy. Con-
siderable, but not well-manned. Prerious to
the Bussisn war of 1864, it comprised 6 ships
of the line, 10 fHgates, 6 correttes, 14 brigs,
6 steam-frigates, 16 cutters and achooners, and
12 amaller Tesaels, manned by 85,000 seamen,
and 4,000 marines. Many of these, howeyer,
foundered in the Black Sea, and others were
sunk at Sinope. Miv, The puUic revtoue of
Turkey is denyed partly from a capitation tax
on Christians and Jews, ptf^ nom duties
on tobacco and other articles of consumption.
The amount of the whole ii about £7,000,000
sterling, and the objecta to which it ia applied
are the army, the nayy, the fortifications, and
a part of the household of the Sultan. (7ov.
Despotic, the power of the Sultan being only
yirtnally restrained by the ordinances of the
Koran, and the decisiotts of the ulema and
the mufti, and also by certain usages. But
neither these ordinances nor usages protect the
property of indiyiduals in the seryioe of the
state. To this the Sultan ia heir in the eyeof &e
law, and maj exercise hia power oyer their liyes
and properties without anj dread of general dis-
content. The grand yiner, or prime minister,
is, by his office, commander of the forces. The
diyan, or cabinet council, waa formerly com-
posed of six pachas, of the first character for
experience; but Setim III. changed its con-
stitution, and it is now limited. Another
minister is the reia effendi, whoee office cor-
reaponda in part to that of the chancdlor,
in part to that of the secretary for foreign
affairs in Britain. The pachas, or goyemors
of prorinces, are charged not only with the
dm and miUtary, but, by a strange mixture
of powers, act as fiirmers-general of the
reyenme for their respectiye proyinces. A
waywode ia merely the goyemor of a pro-
yindal town, or of one of the diatricts wnich
do not belong to any pachalio; and aanjak
beys are the goyemors of diitrioti under t^
(234)
pacluu, and inretted, like them, witli both
ciTil and military functions. There is, in
Tnrkej, hardly any hereditary nobility, and
Tery little distinction of rank, bnt what arises
from holding a public office. Tet the emira
and scheriffs who can trace their genealogy to
Mahomet, like the descendants of the cele-
brated yiziers, Ibrahim Khan Oglon and
Ackmet Kiuprili, enjoy certain priyilera.
The nlemas are a nnmerons and respectable
body, whose functions consist in expounding
the Koran, and in applying its injunctions lie
the circumstances of the times. They thus
combine the character of clergy and fatwrers,
haying at their head the grand mufti, wnose
decrees are considered by the public as the
Toice of inspiration, though necessarily accom-
modated to the will of the court. The imams
or priests are a body altogether inferior to,
ana distinct from, the ulemas, their duty
being merely to perform public worship in the
mosques ; but every law promulgated by the
Sultan must be sanctioned by an act of
approbation from the mufti. Flop, 35,400,000.
This embraces the whole inhabitants of the
Ottoman empire. Lat. between 39^ and 48°
20' N. Zofi. between 16*" 40^ and 29° SO' £.
M ^ ^\^\ c^uj^ -/ -
malik ui tjthmaniyah ft lum^ Turkey in
Asia, is bounded on the R by Persia, on the
W. by the Mediterranean, on the N. by the
Black Sea and the Sea of Marmora, and on the
S. by the Pendan Gulf and Arabia. Fbliiieal
dhitumt. Then oonsiit of Anatolia, or Asia
Minor, Armenia, Kurdistaii, HasopGtemiiL or
Al Gezireh, Irak Arabi, with Syria, ioehia^g
Palestine. I»lamU, These, in the Archipe-
lago, comprise Mitylene, Nicaria, Sdo, Samos,
Patmoe, Khodes, and Scarpanto, with Cyprus
in the Mediterranean. Arta. Estimated at
about 660,000 square miles. Deae, Bifer-
aified with a soil and climate presenting many
yarieties. The summits of Taurus are co?ered
with snow, whilst their sides are clad with
the yegetation of temperate regions, and their
yalleys below producing the fniits of tropical
oountries. In the south are arid plains of
yast extent ; but on the banks of tne riyers
fertility abounds. JZnvri. The Euphrates,
the Tigris, and their affluents, which rail into
the Persian Gulf; the Teshil-Irmak and
Kizil-Irmak, which flowN. to the Black Sea;
the Mendereh and the Ghiediz to the Archi-
pelago; the Jordan to the Dead Sea; and
the Jihoon, Sihun, and the Asy to the Medi-
terranean. Ztkst, The principal are Van
and the Dead Sea. iVo. Silk, which is
extensiyely cultivated, oil, medicinal plants,
gums, wax, dried fruits, gall-nuts, cotton,
wool, goats' hair, leeches, and sponges. The
soil is capable of producing all kmds of grain,
butagpcultureisinawretobedstate. MineraU.
All kinds are to be found in the mountains.
Man/. Increasing; silk, fine cotton, swoid-
blades, fire-arms, Turkey leather, and dyeinff
are followed. JBxp. Silk, fruits, drugs, ana
Turkey leather. Imp, Coffee nom Arabia,
and manufutured goods from Eorope;
internal communication is defectire, t
being few roads and canals. The cual
the great means of transport. Lai. betvc
39° and 48^ 20* N. i;<M. between 16" 4(r
29* 30' £. The earliest notice of the
or Turkmans, in history, is about the ;<
800, when, issuing from an obscnre
they obtained possession of a part of
called from them Turoomania. They a
extended their conquests over the adjacent [
of Asia, Africa, and Europe, occupying S^
Egypt, and eyentually the territory that
mamed to the Greek emperors. In 1^
Constantinople was taken by Mahomet 11
The Morea and the islands were aftervuil
oyemm, with parts of Hungary, the Cnme^
and the shores of the Black Sea. They M
took the whole of the countries now formiog
Turkey in Asia, the Hez|a in Egypt, and the
regencies of Tripoli, Tunis, and Algiers. Ib
the 17th century their power declined. Tie
Austrians expelled them from Hnngarj, a&i
Russia stripped them of much of Iheir terri-
tory. The Greeks formed an independeiit
state; and the French haye taken Algien;
the Danubian principalities are under tbei
influence of Bussia, and many of the pro-
yinces of Asia Minor, Arabia, and Eg^
haye been wrested from them. In IS]^
Moldavia and Wallachia were invaded bj tbt:
Russians, when the Porte declared war agaio^
the Ciar. In this struggle the Saltan wu
assisted by the British, French, and Sardimios.
and the result was the final defeat of the
Russians.
^^Icf^d^'d/y Blowing hard. Uannnriog*
(as flowingirater). ^J L^ U ^j£ ^'
^\a^\jj^\ ^Jb\J^ , And he prooeedec
along the track for days and nights, nntil h
approached a roaring sea, agitatd with waTe$
and the footmarks reached to the shore of tb
aea, and there ended.
Jb»*l^ ^'dfai, Some dust or smoke.
jJb3\\ uJfj^ ^qfartfu^tTdahr, The acci
dents of fortune.
i^U* ^qfdyib (pi. of i-JK^), Miraclci
prodigies, portents, things wonderful and iti
pendens, i^l^j c^lsf , Admirabi
and strange.
jlfBf^ ^dyh (pi. of J^), Old womo
y^^ ^aht Wonderful ! A marvelloi
thing. Admiration. i,,^.JLs:^t u^-^
A wonder of wonders, strange portents^ moi
strons appearaaoes*
(^
(23S)
(^
Lb^ ^pjai^ Afltoniabmg ! strange I
Ii h ponble! Wonderfolly, itnngely.
l|»tJb^LB^ ^t^dban ydfn am Idj 1
vooder wlietlLer he will come or not.
cJUll c^i (;4J, The fruit of self-
^ ^ijd, An egg, fritter, or omelet.
i3j£r ^jfanfai, Celerity, precipitation,
^ ^90, WsiknesBy infirmity, dehility.
Jr t9^} Haste, v^pedition* ^, A
cmradt
^^i)^ Haste, velocity, expedition,
pnopitBtioD. As^\^le>j In haste,
»%, opeditioailj. ^v'Ail, A oow-eal( a
if^m, Pernans. fjs?^\ tSL bildd
Fenia. A eoontry of Alia, ▼hich
mfoatJUj be eonaidered as the meet opulent
ns powoiiil of any to the west of India.
Tbf Rgkm whidi ■ociaa to be most proparW
Kaadend as Penia is bounded on tbe W,
hj isatit Tarkey, N. hr Traoseaiiaasia and the
Ca^ Sea, K by A^>iftiii«tftn and Beloo-
(Wtt, and 8. 1^^ tiia Persian Golf and
Aabba Sea. /HMnms. These are twelre,
adaR named Aaerbijan, Irak Ajemi, Lnristan,
^UiteByFarsy Laristan, Kermao, Ghilan,
Mttsdoaa, Aatrabad, Kmdiatan, and Khor-
isa. Area, 600,000 square miles. Due.
KgotttBODs, being intenected by the immense
c^ of Csacasos, which fills the mterral
^ra the Black Sea and the Caspian.
SwAwarig tie the numntains of Armenia
«£d Enrdkaaa, whidi connect themseWes with
Uotat Tmras. These are Tery lofty, and
in the fromier and dehatable ground between
t^Penaan and TarkSdi empires. The interior
Rssito of an immenae my salt plain, tra-
^Bsd, bovercr, bj many mountains and
f'tSBa, vw^ lost in the sands, or formed
asobka. Tnese, bowvrer, are the means of
P^^acig sU the fertility which the empire
«Bi koHt; tad, when they are abundant,
^^^ fee ^aina throogh which they flow
ontifiil aaa luxoriaat in an extraordinary
^f^ That «f Shxrax ia eonaidered the
Bttaf Ptenia,aadahDostof tiiefiast. The
P^ >f Iipahaa ia oidj second to it. The
P^^'^veei on tha Caaptan, watered from the
gR(t ^OM of Caucasus and Blbura, are
^ niy itoaikaMfi ftrtility. JRivert. These
^>^<aEBB8tly to the frontier. The Euphrates
"^ n|m axe entirely included within the
N^af Bagdad, whilst theKur andArazes
*'^ ^nheaded witiiin the Bussian frontier.
The Oni heloBga properly to Tartary, and
ks fidnod to CabuL iookgy. There axe
few animals peculiar to the country. The
domesticated mclude most of those common
to Burope, with an excellent breed of mules,
the camd, the ass, and the goat, from which a
▼aluabie wool, similar to that of Tibet, is
obtained. Its wild animals are lions, bears,
tigers, wild boars, jackals, wolres, and hyamas.
iVv. The centre and south of Persia being
almost entirely destitute of trees, yet abounoa
in fruita; and the Tine flouriahea in aereral
proTinoea. The mulberry in the northern
proTinces Is so extremely abundant, as^ to
render silk the staple proauoe of the empire.
The rich and welUwatered plains of Ghilan
and Mazanderan yield the au^-caue in con-
aiderable plenty; but a defidency of water
ia, in general, the great want of tne country.
A yaat extent of it is left in pasture, and
tenanted by wandering shepherds, like those of
Tartary and Arabia, who frequently resort to
robbery for a subsistence, rendering both life
and propertT insecure. Poppies are largely
ffown for ine sake of opiuin, and roses for
m h^hly-Tslued extract which they produce.
A thhd of the country, howsTer, is nothing
more than a desert Minerak, None worked
of importance, except salt, which is abundant,
the ground being ererywhera more or less im-
pregnated with it; also all the lakes. Kaphtha,
or bitumen, is found in pits three net aa
diameter, and ten or twelve deep, which fill of
themselres after a certain ]»eriod. The moun-
tains also produce turquoises and other pre-
cious stones. Manf. Importent ; the luxury
and splendour of the great affording an exten-
siye demand for the mier fabrics, and for works
of ornament. In producing dyes, the Persians
excel ; and tbe wool of their flocks ii manu-
&etui«d into beautiful carpeto and shawls.
Silk is also a great ataple, either by itaelf, or
mixed with cotton ana wool; and the]r par-
ticularly excel in brocade and embroidery.
Arms are extenslTely fabricated; and larj^
quantities of leather, paper, and porcelain,
nearly equal to that of China. •InkabitemU
The Persians are gay, liyely, and active;
ostentetious and profiise in their drees, laviah-
ing upon their persons jewels and gold oma-
menti of all descriptions. There is no country
where the beard is regarded with such venera-
tion, it being repeatedly, during the day,
washed, combed, and adjusted. Ihey are the
most learned people of the East ; poetry and
the sciences may even be considered as their
ruling passion. In the former, their fame is
deddedly superior to that of any other Oriental
nation; the names of Hafls, Ferdusi, and
Sadi are classic even in Europe ; their effu-
sions, howerer, are chiefly confined to love-
songs, and are too sensual and hyperboliod
for Europeans. Morality is much studied in
Persia, (bough Uttie practised. Rdigion.
Mahometan, of the sect of Sunnites, or of
the followers of Ali. Chv* Despotic, under a
shah, whose subjects are considered as his
slares. Army, 100^00, mostiy composed of
irregular cavalry. But the detenoe of Persia
rests mainly upon the wandering tribes, which,
by a great eff<H may be raised to 160,000 or
^
(236)
200,000 men : fhey reo«iT8 no regilar pay.
JPop, YaiioiulT estimated; perhaps about
10,000,000. tat. between 26^ and 40'' N.
Zon, between 44** and or E. The Fenians,
as a nation, first rose into notice on the mins
of the great empires founded on the Euphrates.
Babylon was taken by Cyrus, and his empire
extended wider than any before estabUshea in
the world. It compriMd, on one side, the
west of India; on the other, Asia Ifinor,
Syria, and Egypt ; an^ was only bounded by
the prodigies or yalour with whioh the Qreeu
defended their small tenitory. After a feeble
struggle, it suocnmbed to the braye and disci-
plinea armies of Alexander. It was then split
mto fragments by the decease of its founder ;
but Oreeks and week soyereig[ns continued,
during seyeral centuries, to reign oyer Asia.
About two centuries before Clms^ Arsaoes
founded the monarchy of the Parthians ; and
in the third century arose the dynasty of tiie
SassanidiB, who restored the name, witii the
religion and laws, of andent Persia. They
were oyerthiown bjr the Midiometan inyaders,
who soffered in their turn from the euccessiye
inyasions by the descendants of GengUs,
Timur, andbytho^^^ who entirely changed
the aspect of western Alia. Atlength,inl601,
a natiye dynasty again arose, under Ismail,
who placed himself on the throne. Hisposte-
rity haying sunk into yolnptuousness, Persia,
in the begmning of the last century, was oyer-
mn by the Afghans, who carried fire and sword
through its remotest extremitiea, and reduced
its proudest capitals to ashes. The atrocities
of the Afjphans were ayenged, and the inde-
pendence of Persia yindicated, hj Nadir Shah ;
out though the yictories of this daring chief
threw a lustre on hii country, after his death,
it was almost torn to pieces b^ ciyil war, till
the fortune of arms gaye a decided superiority
to Kerim, or Kurreem Khan« His death gaye
rise to another disputed succession, with ciyil
wan as ftirious as before. At length, Aga
Hahommed, a eunuch, raised )iimself, by crimes
and daring, to the soyerdgnty, and not only
swayed it during his lifotime, i>ut transmitted
it to his nephew, who aasomed the title of
Futteh AH Shah.
^uma^ub- ^'amui^n, Persia.
\<^^ l^<»^h ^ Persian.
i^ ^ajwatf A fine Medina date.
^(yitiif An old woman. vjuJlil Uli
^ ^^ »jlp' J>f^\d ^Ij \4 ^^
v^"l">5l JU; ^^ And when she xe-
ooyered, she said to her : 0 wieked old woman,
were it not for my foar of Qod (whose name
be exalted !}, I had killed thee.
j-%j^ ^jlh (fern. i»*j?*), Vonderful,
admirable, strange, u,..%>5P^^y£K 1 JJ^
h«aa khabar ^({fib. This ii wonderfuL
J^
^tn, Floor and water, paste.
jLfi ^add, Numeration, number. To nnm
her, compute, reckon, estimate.
1«X£ ^add, Besides, exoepL
jt*Xc ^iddd, Number, enumeration.
JlIIj^ ^addlatf Justice, equity, law. J
court of justice.
^t Jtf ^tMUdn, The time in which an]
thing is done; as^lJ^^jLCUi^O^l!
That was in his time. ^
cL9\^1j^ (pi. of ijlj^ ^addwai), Enmit]
hatred, animosity, rancour, hostilit]
^isi\i£^^CLJjij^^\, Speak not wit
the tongue of enmity, nor look with iti e%
but folm the coyenant of feUowship before u
time for discoyering a remedy shall naye psae
i3^ ^iddai, Number, a multitude, man;
JOfi ^adad (pi. J^«Xfi1), Number.
4«iac ^adoiot One lentiL ^/i*«Xe, lentil
^ ji*>Af. ^adaAjfot, Dish of leatila.
JkXfi '^tuM, Equity, justice, rectitod
probity. Being just, equitable. Bighteoi
ness. i^t\ ij\:ji\ Jac ^adhd ^tndyi
n/ iia hiyatf The jurtioe of Dirine ProrideiK
It is related that a certain holy man emploT
himself in deyotion upon a lofty mountti
beneath which ran a spring of water; ti
during the day he used to sit upon the sums
of the mountain, so that he ooold tee i
people, but no one could see him. As he n
one day repeating the praises of God, a
looking towards the spring, he beheld a hon
man approach, who alighted from his hor
and, putting down a iMthem belt which
was wearing, drank of the water and rested
little, after which he departed, forgetting t
leathern belt, which contained a great quant
of pieces of ||old. A fow minntes after a n
came to dnnk of the water, and aeeinff \
belt he took it, drank of the water, ana <
parted. Then there came after him a n
who was a wood-cutter, beazinff a heavy bun
of firewood upon his back, ana he seated hi
self by the spring to drink of the water. 1
lo, the horseman who had left his belt ca
back in the utmost distreas, looked for
belt^ and not finding it^ he said to the wo<
cutter. Where ii the belt that waa here P
know nothing of it, answered the wood-cuti
Thereupon the horseman drew his cword i
dew him; and leamhlng in hia dothei i
u
«u
( 237 ) i^A*
fti&iffBothnig, he kfttiie plaee tiid went his
vay. xhe boh man, who dia not.epeak for fear
Ittt be ahonld nade^ the fiite'of the wood-
cBtter, aid witiiiii hiimelf after the departure
of tbehonemas : 0 Lord, one penon took the
BflKj-belt, aad another who u innocent has
beea dain nnrast^! But God said to him by
RTdstkn : Gooa man, occupy thraelf witn
% devotioo, for the goreniment or the kinff-
doa tt Bot thine aiair! The &ther of the
boDnsD had taken br force those jneoes of
pm tiie proper^ of toe fiither of this man,
■> I bsre pot me son in possession of his
fafto^i propertj; and the wood-cntter had
b the ikther of this horseman, wherefore I
kie enabled the son to take retaliation.
TbacspoB the holr man, glad and joyful in
fte Lod, exelaimea : Jost art thon, 0 Lord,
iBd% redgmeBts are right and eonitable ! —
Fran <* Tbs Wonden of the Creation."
^^ ^aSU/ak^ Anerten of Jastioe,
litsal^ Jastidariea ; the sect or class of
'■uea pUlospphers who assert that Qod
a^flslj on principles of justice, conformable
to haaaa resson. God cannot, say they, com-
and SB imprscticable wonhip, nor ordain
iBpoBBUe sctiom^ nor enjoin men to perform
TO ii beyond flieir ability ; but whererer he
nqiiza obedience, lie will oestow the power to
»jej. He remores the cause of eril ; he allows
vtoRSMm; sad impoaes only what is easy,
iQtvbttii diiBcult. He makes no man re-
^MwUe fat the actions of another, nor
MBkbei bia far that in which he has no part.
He i^ntei not as a crime what he himself
Ui eiested in inao, nor does he nouire him to
tfdd wbst destiny has decreed. This would
k iratiee and tyranny of which God is in-
apuk ftom the perfection of hii being, etc
1^ ffUd (pL of Jj J^), Pain, equals.
f^ ^4dlM, Want> privatioii, defbct, in-
cnMoMe, noting. Annihilation. To anni-
\Mt, to xedace to want, to make defectire.
v^yUj^ ^^damul wafd^ Ingratitade.
CjLjII AtXc ^adamid tnidrntfah, In-
bomity. lA^j^\/bJ^^ad4Mnulmar''
^^tk, Ifercilessiiees. ^UUf aJ^
¥fj^\ Ifiam imidn oHawdih, Not to
^ lUe to erplain. Jms JL.\ f,S^
j^\ ^tdam imhdnfi^ hhayir, Not
^WtUeto do good (to any one).
(^•^ ^tiamU, Pri^atiTe, depriving,
cr^ ^, The Garden of Eden. That
in which alone they behold the face
* M MitHj a Hebrew word signifying
TMsm" or •'delight," was made the name
"jev^oil pbcea whicn weie either remarkably
frtttfal in their soi], or pleasant in their sitoap
tion. 1. Damascus, the Plain of Aven, and
the House of Eden, called CoBlo-Syria. 2. Ar-
menia, between the sources of the Tigris, the
Euphrates, the Araxes, and the Phasis.
3. Chaldea, not far from the banks of the
Euphrates, a country remarkable for its ex*
treme fertility.
^ Ji£ Aden, a Beaport, the capital of the
ftate of Aden, situate on a rocky peninsula in
the south-west extremity of Araoia, projecting
into the sea. It was formerly strongly fortified,
and the most opulent city or Arabia ; but had
altogether declined, when it was, in 1840,
taken poesession of b}r the British, who haye
conyertod it from ruin and misery into a
flourishing place of trade, encompassed by
fruitful orchards and blooming garoens. Its
harbours are the best on the Arabian coast.
Betveen the mountain-masses which command
their entrance, there is a space of 4 miles, and
yessels may take up any position in a depth
of water of from 6 to 10 fathoms. On account
of this, Aden has become one of the principal
coaling stations of the Aoglo-Indian mail
steamers, and eyery year it is becoming a place
of greater importance. Fop. 24,000. Lat,
\r 46' N. Un. 46° 10' £.
jjLfi ^adHWf An enemy, j^ JiUjj^
Jjblsf> (ji'^^^yt Better a pradent
enemy than a foolish friend.
^f^J^ ^adiiwdnf Transgreasing, heing
iniquitous, unjust. Hating. Hostility, in-
jastioeiOppieBsion. w^ fcl^*;*^ li^ JiS
^ IascH^ d^ LS^Jj>-> t I kept company
with' thee through fisar of thy qppression, and
. flattered thee without a hope of conciliating
thy kindness ; but now terror has descended
on thee and affected thee, and punishment
hath oyertaken thee.
ifjjLc ^awat (fem. of jtXc), A female
enemy.
^^«X£ ^adwa^t Contagion.
Jj J^ ^adld (or » JjtXc), Nameroas.
^ i^c ^adllf In quantity or weight equal
to another load. Alike, just.
AJ^tXfi ^ailmj Destitute, deprived. ^J^f
Jli^il, Incomparable, a nonpareil.
Ujll V J^> Faithless, an infidel. Un-
gratefuL ^^Aa.4]t ajAc ^adlmvUma^
kuU^ahy Destitttte of intellectual &culties,
mad, stupid, foolish. An idiot. ^ J^
^Jwc
(838)
ajLj^l ^adlmul inadntyah, Inhaman.
dL^iiWl aJ J^ ^adlmvl hdaaiffah, One
who has no hnman feelings. Senseleas.
Jjkffll ViXfi ^dfmuil ^adl, TJnjast.
iMujW ^«Xc ^adlmwh thafaka, Merci-
less. iJjMi\ AJ[«Xfi ^adlmul ma^/ah,
Uninstnicted. ^UoUt ^(X£ ^atHmul
iatafah. Impolite, coane.
L^]^^ ^Mdb, Pain, punishment, torment,
torture. ^\^i^ ^*^^J i}ij^ *^}^^ y^3
i4ii\ ^ji J\ f^1\ cj'J-JV He "was
black and tall, and he was crying ont : Let mj
Lord be praised, who hm appointed me this
severe affliction and painfhl tortore nntil the
day of resurrection.
if iXe ^t2dr. The face, cheek, jaw, temple.
The side of the beard, part of the down
stretching along the cheeks. That part of the
bridle wmch presses upon the jaws.
L^ikt, ^as3. Sweet water. ^UJI c^iXf
lasbui'bayan. Sweet and smooth in utterance,
as the flowing of a stream of water.
J j^ ^iMT, An excuse, pretext. Jl^b^j^
^ffir hdtily A subterfdg^. Vi^ JJt J^^
CS^jl )t« ^amZ dCjiiull UJ, So
the wolf accepted his apology, and ceased from
Ultreating him, but said to him: Speak not
of that which concemeth thee not, lest thou
hear that which will not please thee.
\jSb. ^atrd (pi. fc/jf J^), A virgin.
J«3^ ^as/, Chiding, to chide. ^ ^^
yj^i^ S-^'» ^y wearied camel
Scans aiid grunts from fati^e, when I apply
e spurs ; and those who nde with me vehe-
atly chide me.
mem
Ju^tXx ^ftuhat, Sweetness.
^jU^ LT? si' si*^^« Wl ^=-^
Li^J lS^ «^Ui3J, Her words sounded
sweetly to me, and they were agreeable to
me to the very bottom of my heart, and I
answered her: 0 my mistress, my fate brought
me to put an end to my grief and affliction.
uJ\^ ^arrdf, An augur.
o!/^ ^tirdit> Babylonia, Chaldea.
U^lr^ ^flrflyM (pi. of ^/*^j^)t Brides.
il^jS. ^dffik (pL of ^j^), Battles*
^r^ ^tih, Arabia. An Arabian (ap*
plied to those who inhabit cities. L^^y^\ I
denoting the wandering Arabs). The Bedooi!
mode of life mayhaTe some charms, eren for!
eiyilized men. The frankness and uncomijpttd
manners of the Bedouins most powernOy
attract erery stranger, and their society ii
traTellin^ is always pleasant ; but after a fcv
dbays' residence in their tents, the noreltj ev^
sides, and the total want of occupation aift
the monotony of scenery efface all the fint
impressions, and render ue life of a Bedouin
unsupportable to any person of an adiTe dih
position.
^IimJ^ ^arahutdn, Arabia. JSttan n
a Persian word, signifying country, and U
used as a termination to proper names— at ii
Frank-estan, Kourd-estan, Indo-stan, Turk-
estan, etc.
^^jC. ^urhiLn, Earnest.
ijjC ^arhahy A wheeled carriage, chariot,
coach, curricle, chaise, waggon, cart
lS^'J^ ^oraJl (fem. ^,j^\ A civilized
"Arabian. The Arabic language. TheAnbic
of Syria is much harsher than that of £^(-
The pronunciation of the professors of tor
law at Cairo is esteemed a model of frdlhr
and elegance ; but that of the inhabitants of
Yemen is infinitely softer, and gires gnrit
fluency to the Arabic
Xj^ or X^ f«I1 j\^\ Arabia, an ez-
tensiye countey of Asia, the general outlise of
which forms an irregular quirarangle, boonded
8. by the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Omaiu
W. by the Red Sea, E. by the Gulf of Petm.
and N. by Turkey in Asia. Ext- 1,500 milti
long, with an ayera^ breadth of 800. Aru,
1,200,000 sauare miles. Ihvinons, Arabia ii
commonly oiyided into three parts. Archit
Felix^ or Happy Arabia, bordering on the
Persian Gulf, the Indian Ocean, and the
southern part of the Red Sea ; Arabia Pttra*^
or Stony Arabia, lying on the Red Sea north
of Aral)ia Felix ; una Arabia DMorta, or the
Desert, including all the interior and northen
parts of the country. Among the Arabsau
these names are not Imown. The diyisioo
which we call Arabia Deserta, they call Nedi*
jed ; Arabia Petrssa is denominated Hedjai
and Arabia Felix is divided into the kiug(U»m
of Yemen, Hadramaut, Ommon, and Lacha&
Deic, The general aspect of Arabia is a tk)
and arid desert, interMcted about *the oentn
by a range of mountains, supposed to strrtcl
fifom the shores of the Red Sea by Mecca, ti
^/^
(239)
thoN of the Persian Oolf at tlie Bahrein
Uuub, with, here and there, some spots of
fertile groimd. The edges of the ooimtry on
the Nt-eoast oootain some floorishing pro-
TiBoa aod settlementB; bat in all parts they
safer for want of water. Jfotm^aMM. These
extend alon; the W. coast from the Straits of
fiaW-maodeb to &e 6nlf of Akaba, rising
in peaked tops in some parts from 5,000 to
8,000 feet Their length is about 1,000
oHo, nd their distance from the coast from
twdTetoiixtj. The Mount Sinai group lies
betweea die Gnlf of Akaba on the east, and
that of 8iK2 on the vest, and nearly fills the
^Qiaala, whieh there projects into the Red
Sea. Amti. None navigable. There are a
frwitic3i&i,bQt they are mostly dry in the
hot KttOD, and in some parts no rain frdls
niBedmei for a year toeether. Lakw, Pro-
perij ipeakioff, none. ForeBtt. None worth
oacuBg. Zoolofff, The panther, jackal, wolf,
lod li^ciia roam the deserts, and follow the
Bedmas, or track the path of the carayans.
imoogit the mountains, the rock-goat, the
fox, lad the mnsk-deer are found, whilst in
thd man fertile parts the antelope and the
gudle nuY be witnessed browsm^ in the
qaiet toKtnaes lar away frt>m the haunts of
1001' The hilly regions are inhabited by a
Tild ais; monkeys are plentiful in the woods
<tf Aden and Yemen ; and the Arabian cows
2&d oien hare a hnncli over their shoulders.
The most Talnable animals of the country,
hii^Ter, are the camel and the horse. The
hones hare been celebrated in all ages, and
tbe pirity of their breed is preserved with
the greatest care. The chief dependence of
the iiabians, however, is on the camel, an
iiumal pecoliariy adapted for the inhabitants
^ i nady oonntry,being capable of undergoing
^t hugoe, and supporting itself without
viter, or even food, for severiu days together.
Of birds, the eagle, tiie vulture, and several
f^'tt of hawk are common. The ostrich
Qhabita the desert, and the pelican the coast
'if the Red Sea. Pheasanta and game, fowls,
^ wious kinds of pigeons, are conunon in
^men. Loeosts abound in Arabia, and are
•tten hf the inhabitants. Fish is plentiful
■oar the »)a8ts« especially the east, where not
^T is the soil manured by them, but domestic
^auls are fed upon them. ClimaU. The
^'ot in the world. In the mountainous
^B it is temperate, but in unsheltered
^Qstions intolerable heat prevails, aggravated
"7 ^ pesHferous wind c^ed the smioom or
**03d, whieh frequently surprises the traveller
^^ desert, and almost suffocates him, while
*^tt cv«nrhehned by moving clouds of sand.
^> Dates and dourra, a kind of millet,
^^ bailey, tobacco, indigo, the finest of
^^ ngtr, tanmrinds, spices, acacia, balm,
^^ .E^BBS raisins, dru^ and fruits. In
y yiqdtBral arts the inhabitanta areex-
™ay backward. Minerals. Silver, iron,
^yt. ^ alabaster, emerald, and the onyx.
The eoBatry, however, has not been suffi-
cutttiv (mnined to justify a decided opinion
^ to ite poverty or wealth in miaerol re-
sources. Inhabitaiub. — MImnen and ChU"
towii. The natives are a Circassian race, of
middle stature, thin, with slender extremities,
black eyes, hair, and beard, and of swarUiy
complexion. The women are fairer, ana,
when young, many of them may be considered
handsome ; but when old, their features assume
quite a d^erent character, and are rather
repulsive than otherwise. They all lead a
frugal and abstemious life: many d^end
for subsistence entirely on their flocks. The
flesh of the camel is sometimes, but rarely,
eaten, except as a delicacy on great occasions.
Porcupines, weasels, rats, lizaras, and locusts
form a portion of the food of the Arabians.
Their common diet is not bread properly so
called, but soft thin cakea half baked, and
prepared of a species of millet. Wine is
probibited by the law of Mahomet, but dif-
ferent kinds of spirituous liquors are. made
from honey, sugar, or raisins, and other fhuts.
The dress of the Arabs varies. The men in
general wear vnde drawers and a shirt ; they
have a cape or handkerchief tied round their
heads, and in the hottest parts go almost
naked. The dress of the women consists of a
cloak, a very wide shift, and pantaloons in
proportion. They are frequently veiled. The
majority of the people dwell in tents made of
camel's hair, wandering about with their
whole property from place to place ; and many
inhabit villages, tovms, and cities. Oov»
Patriarchal ; the chief power being vested in
a shaikh, that is, an old man or elder, whose
authority is like that of the head of a family,
being, in general, regulated more by the sen-
timents and habits of the community than
by an organized system of policy. Toum^.
Mecca, Medina, Aden, Sana, and Daraieh.
Mecca is celebrated as the birthplace of
Mahomet, and Medina for his tomb. Aden
belongs to the British, and Sana is the capital
of Yemen. Daraieh was once the capital of
the Wahabees, but in 1819 it was destroyed
by Ibrahim Pacha. Man/, On the west
coast, coarse woollens and linen fabrics are
wove; matchlocks, lance-heads, and other
arms, with tin and copper vessels, are madr .
Silk and cotton turbans, with silks, canvas,
earthen jars, arms, and gunpowder, are made
in Oman; but most of the better kinds of
manufactured goods are procured from other
countries in exchange for Arabian produce.
' CoHMEBCB. Considerable — Arabia being well
situated for carrying on a general intercourse
with nations. The communication of the
interior is mostly conducted by means of the
camel, which transports across the deserts
immense quantities of merchandise, by the
robbery of which many of the Bedouins sup-*
port themselves. £xp. Coffee, gums, drugs,
and pearls. Mocha and Loheia are the centres
of the coffee trade, and Muscat has recently
become the entrep6t for the trade with India
and the Persian Gulf. J^l. Mahometanism,
which originated in Arabia. Fop. variously
estimated from 8,000,000 to 12,000,000. LaL
between 12° and 34** N. Lon. between 32"
30^ and 60** £.— Until the time of Mahomet,
t^
(240)
Jt*
our knowledge of the interior of ArabU is
Tery imperfe^ ; before his time, however, the
Arabs, like those of the present day, partly
dwelt in cities, and partly wandered over the
desert, pitching their tents where either incli-
nation induced, or neoessitT compelled them.
In the begioning of the 7tn oentory Mahomet
united them, and, under the influence of the
fidth of I^am, inspired them with such
courage and fenrour, that within a century,
their dominion, language, and faith extended
from the Indus to uie Atlantic, skirtinc^ the
deserts of Africa, penetrating Spain and the
south of France, embracing the whole of Asia
Hinor, and the countries surrounding the
Oaspian Sea. Mahomet died at Medina, in
632, in the 63rd year of his age ; and for a
century afterwards, during the reign of his
successors, we read of nothing in connexion
with the Arabs but a series of conquests. In
749 the family of Abbas ascended the throne
of the caUphs, and held it, although with
gradually aiminishing influence,, until the
taking of Bagdad in 1268, by Hulaku, when
the dominion of the Abbassides ended. From
that time, with the exception of the wars of
petty chiefs, struggling to maintain their
authority, or to deprive others of thein, and
the annual pilgrimages to Mecca, there is
nothing of general interest to.record. In 891
the sect of Karmatians arose, and obtained
pocBession of Arabia; but about 990 their
power fell.
^^l>-^ ^qfdn, LamenesB.
^^^ ^rs or ^uru9, Matrimonyi nuptials,
a marriage feast
L/t/^ ^ar<A, A thronoy a chair of state.
The ninth or empyrean heaven, as being sup-
posed the throne of God.
iUfjC^ ^rasah, A conrt, sqaare, quad-
rangle, area. A plain, a fleld of battle.
^jo^ ^d, An exposition, propositioD,
explanation, manifestation. Breadth, ampli-
tude, width. Jl>. {j^j^ .(or only
ijOj£)f An explanation of the state
of anything, a memotial, petition,
l^ ^dan, In breadth.
^jC- ^trd, Eeputation, honour, fame,
estimation.
^jOj& ^rd, The side (of anything).
i^jC> ^ardat or ^dah, An offering,
exposition, exhibition, oblation.
^^j^ ^adl^ Accidental.
j\jjjc ^ar^dr, A boy's game, ^^dr,
The jumper.
^urf, The temporal administratj
of the affairs of a nation (in oontradiBtinctioii
c^ ghar^ The ecclesiastical or csii(\
ical administration); equity (as opposed
law) ; yiolence, injustice, oppression (bed
of the abuses suffered under the nsq
\i^ ^urfan, ad. By the temporal h^
willofthesoYereign or Mb delegates. Yioleni
unjustly, oppressively. <— ^ J
ehli fjarff An exerciser of temporal law. |
unjast oppressor. ^Jj^ ^fi (^*4
AjJx ^rfiyah), Pertaining to \
temporal mocte of admimstratioa. Tiol^
oppressiTe, unjust.
C^U^ ^rafdt (or iij^), A moant^
near Mecca, from which, among other o^
monies, the pilgrims make a procession to \
Holy Monument situated on another momd
at a littie distance. It was on Mount An
where the Mahometans imagine Adam, a
ducted by the angel Gabriel met Ere u
a separation of 200 years, in conseqnej
of their disobedience and banishment ft
Paradise, whence he canied her afterwiids
Ceylon.
^li^ ^arfdn, Knowing, being, inte^
gent, discerning, recollecting, ^rfan^ ISM
bdge, learning, science.
yjj^ \urfii Accumulated, acoesso
aggravated. Notorious, public. i»iJ
4<i^, Public burthens, extraordim
taxes or oppressions.
Xj& ^arak, Sweat. Juice, spiritoc
li<|uor. fjrkf A Tdn, an artery. The n
ongin, stock, a kind, species. Why one swi
more at Jaffa, on the oorden of the sea, t:
at Bamla, which is three leagues distant
the country, is because the air of Jaffii '
saturated with humid particles, excites
ration slowly ; while at Ramla, the air
more dry, causes it quicker. For this
also, the breath is yisible in winter, and n
summer.
Xj^ ^kah, Formerly a yery oonsidj
able town on the Mediterranean, 12 d
from Tripoli of Syria, of which not^
remains but the beautiM ruins, which u
its ancient splendour and importance,
was one of the Phoenician towna.
Cfjy]^ ^knh, A narrow pass ove^
mountain.
fij^j^ ^amaram, A numerous army!
i^jC- ^urwat, The handle of a jug
flagoD. A loop or hole for a baiton.
d?
(241)
^^f ^ir%', An aaoenty to ascend, go
^ (odIj in saend stjle).
jM^ ^trU, A faride. ^j^9 NaptialB,
ji%f ^rUj Poetry, poesy, Terse,
iBeisDe,p«odj. ^untd^ A contiiigency, an
a
Clf iF^ Veins; yessels. Boots,
oigiBi. ^|j Ji^, The poise,
^/ ^«3r«^, Nakedness. ^^^> Naked,
itzippaL
^^.f ^«ri^ A brid^;room, a sponse.
u^/tflHi(fem. l^jc)^ Broad, large.
Vsk,apaaded.
^y ^<rUa<y Nature, disposition.
j= ^01, Being rare, excellent, predons,
^^'''Bipsnbk, honomable, glorious, powerfdl,
?nit fid]i£ Tehementy heaTj, bard, adrerse.
A|RciBg vi^ suiting. Glorj, dignity, gran-
isr* D^mfieenee, honour.
j^rSs,Condolenoe,lanienting,monming.
(^^t I jll^ _3 , Then they continued
^Mraaonieg of momning for kim a whole
E j«tb ; and the uncle of the king, with his
&otber, sad tiie danghten of hia uncle came
^ eoBfoiEd them for the loaa of the king hia
' ' r.
V.
>Ul>iJ1
i'/' UBdj/im, Incantations.
*r'f- ^ase6, A bachelor. A distinct
^ of troopi under the old system.
^j£ MoM, An nnmarried life, single
)/ i^tuUy Grandenr, magnificence, glory,
^'^ bcBoor, efteem, respect, rererence.
*i
^'fr ^^-^f The angel of death.
Jr \al, Bemoval from office. To
'^^ frna office, to dispose, to resign, to
*^jLai^ to dischaige, to displace, to dismiss ;
totaraont Jju ^\li\ ^^ ILlJ
JwjZUH MJJb iCj JlJ^ Jji\ 4;;^^^
cr* cKj u^jr^^ (^^^ J^>=^^ ttT^
arlJ|£ JU^ lyL2i , One night, after the
adventure abore described, the Khaleefeh
Horoon Errasheed said to Jaafiu, his weieer.
We will go down to-night into the city, and
inquire respecting the afTairs of those who
are at present in authority, and him against
whom any one shall complain we will displace.
iljA ^miat, Betirement from office, re-
signing an employment
aJp ^fom (and ^U^), An undertaking,
anything necessary to be done, a design, pur-
pose, resolution. To undertake, to apply to
anything. To adjure. _U(jUv«^Jj^
haye resolved to take jewels, consisting of
jacinths and others, and convey a present be-
fitting him, and demand of him in marriage.
at
^jljc ^Uhaif A single life. Sweetness.
jjC ^Buyr^ Esdras.
JJJc ^osfs. Excellent, precious, magnifi-
cent, incomparable, glorious, powerful, pre-
cious, rare. Venerable, pious, holy. Valuable,
dear.
The
servant of the Host Glorious (God). Name
of the present Sultan. Hay His Imperial
Majesty succeed in his great and noble project
of regenerating the Ottoman Empire!
<UJjfi ^aximaiy An incantation, spell,
amulet (against iascination, serpents, disease,
or any other evil). Invitation.
J\tM£- ^dkir, Armies. Soldiers. Uii
^\y^\j j^Jbi\j j^^jllj. And when
he heard that, he was violently agitated, and
his resolution was roused; and he prepared
his forces, consisting of Jinn and men, wild
beasts, birds, and reptiles.
^'ad, Gold (not used).
^ar, Being difficult, oppressive,
severe, heavy, fjur, Oppressing a debtor.
^Msr, Difficulty.
^u$rat, Difficulty, being difficult.
^^^pammx ^anu, The patrol, the nightly
watch.
^tu^r, ^kaldn, Ascalon in Palest?"
16
(243)
\
14 miles from Gaza. £at. 31° 35' N. Zon,
34° 47' E. In 1099 a great Tictory was won
here by the CroBaders.
jiLM£' ^kar, An army. _3 ^
c^^JlxJl ^\^ cUI Jj^i And while
they were enffaapd in the game, she oast a
glance, and beneld among the soldiers a yonng
man, than whom there was none more handsome
in aspect, or more beantifnl in appearance.
He was bright in countenance, with laughing
teeth, tall, and wide-shouldered.
J*ux: ^al^ Honey. Ajli J-wJ31j ^^^}
♦ ij>AJ\ %fJi ^ * i:>'\J\ LtXj, Be-
ware of indolence ; for it is the key of indi-
gence, the origin of distress, the characteristic
of weakness and foUy, and the habitual temper
of the servile and dependent ; no one gathers
honey who chooses indolence, nor will any one
fill his hand who luxuriates in repose.
iUJ^ * Ljc^\ ^LaJ^ * ^.J^^
iZ ^asUff Violent, cruel, unjast. A
tyrant, an oppressor, an extortioner.
-mmx ^fr, Difficult.
(jmj: ^h, The nest of a bird building
on trees (those who nestle on rocks or in
houses being called i^).
\jL& ^hd, A supper. ^J \JLjt]\ i^j\j
^^' cr* c>/i ^^' c^U Supper
produces most of the dimness observable in
the eye.
^LLc ^shihdr, A collector of tithes.
^j\jM^ ^hdri, The riding camel, which
can perform a journey of ten days in one.
See^l^.
jliuc ^hhdk, Lovers. jlujJl ^^'^»dr
^^J\JiaA^, The anger of lovers is
like a spring rain.
yllf ^hayer (pL of SjJ^ ^hlrat)^
Tribes, clans, septs.
^hh, Green grass (when dry it
). *ltU\ j> ^ Jji ^
J>ii (J c;?^ t^ M* i^y V ^
U u-wJilj 'UJl ..^ 'U U
cr*
31
tl
t^j*y t^j ,_s^> ^<iB ^ ^'^ until
summoner of death came to my abode, a|
disasters occurred before me. The case iri
this : Seven years in succession came upon i\
during which no water descended on us fro
heaven, nor did any grass grow for ns on tl
fiaoe of the earth.
jJm£. ^ashara and ijLr^y Ten. ^hr, Beq
mating, receiving (as taxes from the ^€opl<
The tenth part. [familiarit
ijLs. ^hrat, Gonversation, agreealx
^j^^ ^hrHna (oblique [jij^\
Twenty, the twentieth, irjj;^ \^jj I
Then they left herVith him in theinlace, u
mounted, takin? with them provisions i
twenty diays, and went to hunt and chase.
JmwLc ^hkf Love. _^1 fj^!^i Di^
love. ^^ Ifjl ^ \i^ J^^} Jl
^ ^1 ^1 ^j^ ^ 5^H^ Jj
he said, We must demand her in marria^
her father, thou£:h I should give away all i
kingdom. He has asserted, that if he mai
her not he will die of love and paasion for h
uu.}\^ \jO^,j\^, Love, at its commenc
ment, is like running saliva ; bat when it 1
gained ascendancy, it is like a wide sea.
jA^ ^ham, Concupisoence,BtrongdesiJ
j^Luc cushur, Decimation. The till
or legal tenths.
^ashlyat, The evening. \j\ U:j
I
Jlc A^ tl^li JuJl JU juz:^\ J
L-^^a^ i\j^\ iSsju, While I was <|
night during the winter paying my resp^
IL:
(243)
J^
to &e Gorenior «f Aleiandria, when b« had
broo^t die alms-moiiey to be distributed to
the Qidffieot, ]o! there entered an ill-oondi-
tkoed oU nan, whDin a woman, who had a
maacoliiie appeannce, was hanling along.
y^ ^fikir, A friend, a companioiL
ijJLs, ^adSrai, A famOy, tribe, bouse.
J«l£ Miiky Desperately in love.
v^ (Mi, A stick, staff, baton.
^ nc; jiaaki^ A bandage (for a wotmd).
A SlrU wrath, a tiaia, a turban, or anything
viidi Aef bmd nnnd or wear npon the head.
iU ,$m (pL of ^^U), Bebels,
uis&Bite daaoi.
^^^ ^mnd, Pressed jaioe; also tbe
<^ 1^ Utf jnioe is ezpreswd.
jj.^ ^fir (pL cffj^Lae.), Sparrows.
^r*^ ^;0M&, A tendoSf a nerve.
V^ iftaitt (ff rf.„d^. Nerves, tendons,
Hgaaeatief tbe joints.
y*^ ^^ I^me, an age. ^mt. Afternoon.
/-s£ ;«!/«-, Saffron in the flower.
^-jic; '^uftur (fern, gjyua^), A sparrow.
*
^A^ &M]M^, Defence, protection. Ck>n-
tiaatt, cfaaititj.
(;;r^ ^unjfSH, Bebellion, revolt.
i.^^ csiidM (pi. JuUf ), Brotb, so
^k thai it cannot be stirred with a ladle.
e^ uuar, /nice pressed from grapes.
^^ ^iiada^ The alhidade or movable
pc. of a ({iisdrant, a sextant.
*^ l^iind. The upper arm from the
fi«Wff to Ae elbow.
j^ iM{feaL <f\.gir), Mn8calar(antt).
^"^fi^ ^sdUls^y A leg. A muscle, ^adlat,
^*^ -iAr, A member, a joint.
>^^ ^iNffiil (see ^\^)f A biting
', Biting.
^ c^f A present, a g^ a donation,
* ^^«. ^«tta, OtTiDg presents, liberal,
42 ^4^^, A. dealer in perfiimes or
^^7 t pofiiBer, a eombination in a small
v«T uf dzqg^ak, gioeer, stationer, and toyman.
if^lkc. The profession of a perfumer or
drog^t. [Spices.
Cjt^lk^ ^ULrdt (pi. of Jr^lke ^t^draA),
JjVbiC ^utdrid. The planet Mercury.
QaicksilTer, mercury. [Thirsty.
^ILa ^t^Aand^^lks (pl.of ^Uiaf),
^Ikfi ^tdlai, Inertia, idleness, supine-
nesB. [presents.
bike ^tdyd, (pi. of ^Jaf), Gifts,
V— Jir. ^atahf Destruction, i^^nr. i^j
t^^Jit tj:^'v^, There is sometimes ruin
nnder what we seek.
ixe ^tf^ (fem. ij^, Odour, perfume,
fragranoe. Otto (of roses), essence.
^jt^as. ^aU, Sneezing.
^^i^iaf ^atath, Thirst. \*iVir ^atathan, By
thirst, ^f aJJtj L|Mig} ^ csJli J
fj^i*iJi Jtusrlj i:;'*^^ ^*^ t^^^'^Ug
Ibukc ^^y4J ^^\ , Then she said within
herself, By Allah, the person endowed with
this beauty and loreUness, deserreth not to
die of thirst.
^tttJaf ^Uhdn, Thirsty.
k^Jiac ^aif. Favour, affection, inclina-
tion. A oopnlative conjunction. Turning,
conversion. A present, bounty, t— gVi&
i^j^M*»j or ^jM^irJ^ ^flVir, An ezplica-
tive conjunction (connecting seTeral synony-
mous or explanatory words, ujsk^
^LJI, A copulative conjunction.
<— .t^Vif. ^taff Favourable, well affected.
^jke ^tafat, Affection, inclination,
&Tour.
iukfi ^tjfot, A present, a gift.
I^Uac ^M0i» (pi. of Jaf ^aem), Bones.
<U:^ /♦liaiJ, Dry, carious bones. (PI.
of j^), Great.
il^ cfsff^. Admonition, exhortation,
preaching.
Jaz ^mm, A bone, ^xm, Magnitude,
magnificence. The principal part of
anything. XaVit ^tautmdf The grandees.
^ulafi ^%amat, Magnitude. Magni^-
(S44)
cence, pride, pomp. Grandeur. The largest
elbow bone.
The
(i^\l
LZJJJ^
_.«iftc ^tisma' (fern, of
"greatest, the most supreme.
A«i^ ^osfm, Great, large. Grand, mag-
nificent. High in qnalitj or dignity, much
esteemed. /^ TJ'^ ^"^^ cz-^yji
^jl^y I approached her; but he
cried out against me with a great cry, and I
was frightened of him, and was about to return,
when behold, a man came fortii from beneath
the eartii.
ijUf ^fdyfy Chaste matrons.
^ l^Jf^^t Chastity, continence, absti-
nence, modesty.
u>>£^^ ^frlt, A giant, a demon, any
fancied spectre of a horrible appearance.
^jcks. ^afs, Galls, ^jciic. lJL»^ c:>^Lj;1
J^^^ ^J\ anaU waslcat^afsila' Lwer-
poolf 1 have sent a cargo of galls to Liverpool.
^j^if ^fik, Going at discretion, at full
liberty. Coming, going, or repeating any-
thing often. Visiting frequently. Whipping
severely.
^^^ ^qfin, Cormpting, rotting.
^&c ^afa, Pardon, absolution. ^^^^
v^Ju^ dl^fu yd tayyadi, I beg your
pardon, sir. *(--jy jJ \ ^ Luj 4J j^ly i
I^JoiU (j:^t
c:: ^-;-^U
J^, Be not angry
with me for my former offences, for forgive-
ness is required of the generous, and Kind
actions are amon^ the best treasures with
which one can ennch oneself; and how beau-
tiful is tbe saying of the poet : Haste to do
good when thou art able, for at every time and
occasion thou hast not the power to do so.
i'tJis, ^fanatf Corruption, infection.
^M laftf, Abstaining (from anything
forbidden), isuic A chaste, modest
woman.
l&c ^kdhf Punishment, chastisemen
torment, ^ukab, An eagle (espedaUy blad
j\ac ^ahdr (pL iJL)\j\a£), An immovai
estate in land, houses, palm-trees, househ^
furniture. ^j^Ul^l^j^v^^^:-^^^'*
Jyi\ ^J^J^\ l;^j, And I purchas
houses and other immovable possessioDS, m<
than I had at first.
I
ij\A£ ^atdrtU, Any single piece of n
property. Sterility, barrenness (of a&inud&l
c-^^Uc ^akdrib (pi. of c-^^^Ac), Scorpio!
Jlic ^akdl, A rope of camel's hair wi
which the Bedouins fasten the kafyyek
their head. See CjS.
jjliLc ^kayid (pi. of IsJls.), Confc
tions of sugar. Fundamental articles of m
u^ ^hh The heel, ^ikb, Oflfepril
children, grandchildren, successors, posH
The end of a month. ^«*4, The end or i
cess of anything.
^Uc ^dn (pi. of lJ^ ^ukdh), Eagl
i^c c^akabat, A nenre, a tendon (pJ
ticularly the nerve of a camel's neck q
when macerated to bind the heads of arml
etc.). The summit of a mountain, a si\
declirity. Successors, posterity. The fj
or veetige (of anything), fjtkbai, Poster
A time, a turn, a penod. The tumio?
sweep of a bird from the beginning to the <
of his flight. Any duty, etc., done alternaU
Day and Light. Anythine received for sDOt]
commodity, hire (especially part of th* bij
made in a pot given to the owner for tbe l\
of it). * iJ^ SjO ^ iZ^jiP^ 'J
♦ CLjUj: J£siJ\ ^j If^j, And
thou have to choose between a mite re^d^^
hand and the finest pearl that is only promj
to thee, choose that which is ready to U
and prefer the present to the future ; for dtj
often occasion disappointments, and detd
nations are always uable to vacillatioot, I
too oflen promises are followed by pnx'rt
nations, and obstacles intervene between xl
and their fulfilment.
<UAf ^akahah (Gulf and Castle of), 1
Gulf of Akabah is a deep narrow ii
uniting with the N.E. extremity of the
Sea. The Castle of Akaba, from which
Jac
(245)
y»Sx>
Golf takei iti modem name, is not a place of
uy strengtL Akaboh baa been aiipposed to
ooeopy the dte of Elan or Elatb, from wbicb
an exteDUTe intereonzBe was carried on in tbe
^riiett sges with Bhinocolura, now El-Arisb,
oa the Meditenanean, only 116 miles distant.
There are, howe?er, no rains of any kind at
Akibah, and no port. It WQuld, therefore,
Kun more probaUe that the situation of
EUth is identical with that of Jezirat Faroun,
on the ^. Bide of the Galf, and about 6
mila from its extremity, where there are
Tezy extCDsiTe ruins, and a natural harbour.
B. Sfaiv sapposea that Minat-al-dahabiTah,
u. the Golden Port, on the W. coast of the
Gnli) isd nearly opposite to Mount Sinai,
wxB^ the ate of £zion-jeber, whence the
^P> of Solomon sailed to fetch gold from
Opiur. It is Bud bj lientenant Wellsted to
fcetheoolj "well-sheltered" harbour in the
GtilL Eson-jeber is on the Euphrates, called
ia Aiihic Hisn-jaber *• the Castle of Jaber."
See jI> ZkU or -*«>- iJi.
^rM ^Ma\ The end, aocomplisbment,
secern. A return, rewazd, or punishment;
h«oce, the life to come.
•^ ^aUd, Pearls strung together. A
^ot, compact, league, confederacy, alliance ;
1 chain, connexion. To bind, fasten, to con-
^ an agreement, to marry, to enter into
partBershipy or form any commercial contract,
fo estabhtti a confederacy, to conclude an
aliiaace, to tie a knot, to betroth, to engage
% many. ^Uai^ A ooUar, a necklace, also the
i&relg or heads of which it is composed.
'<^ ^uidatf An excrescence (especially
^t the joint, or where bones have been broken).
An impediment in speech. An estate, a manor,
I nlia. A prefecture, ^vemment, presidency,
enomattL A nlaoe thickly planted with trees ;
tSonadine witn pasture or provision for men.
Perpleied affairs, entangled things, confused
worai.
/^ ^akr, Wounding, hurting, cutting,
i'^l'WSt destroying. Detaining long, keeping
^^^ («Ar, Barrenness. A woman's mar-
nag«poitiott.
w^ ffbrah^ A scorpion. The celestial
sen SoQipio. The pin of a dial, the hand of
^^ ^, Intelleet, knowledge, reason,
jv-^gBent, sense, mind, memory, prudence,
viidom, understanding, genius. L^J
^^ ^\ CAcj, Cilib c^U\ ^i^\
^W;Ue ji^ ♦ UJi^\j\^i\ What
then has happened to thy reason (and what
has afflicted it), and urged thee to this mon-
strous project and great peril, that thou de-
mandest in marriage the daughters of kings,
(and those kings) who possess extensiye pro-
vinces and immense countries ?
lUc ^ukald (pi. of Jilc), Prudent, wise.
^Jlac ^kh (fern. <ul.Af), Intellectual,
** belonging to the intellect, to the understanding.
<U^Ac ^ti^ti^a^, Punishment, chastise-
ment, torment, torture. [Agreements.
J^Ac ^ukud (pi. of tXic ^kd), Necklaces.
JyLc ^akul, Wise, sagacious. An as-
tringent medicine.
J^Ac ^kal (pi. of Jif ^kl), Judgments,
intellects, intelligences, reasons. i^jJ
J^Affll, fMwi'l'^kul, Being endowed
with reason.
c,>*j;5r ^lah, A follower. The posterior
or after part. The time or space immediately
following anytlung. [Confederated.
OuAc ^akld. Thick, concreted, coagulated.
jjuAc ^kldat or ^kldah, Faith, helief,
a fundamental article of religion. Confec-
tions, conserve of roses, dry sweetmeats.
jJls. ^klr, Cut, wounded. Barren.
j;Jl£ ^aklkf A camelian; a red gem
(sometimes a ruhy). '1^" •- ; v<^^j
LfLU <lO*j lilU ilJ3 Ji, Marry
to me thy dausfhter, and break the camelian
idol. If thou do so, thy due shall be the same
as our due, and thy debt as our debt.
A*A£ ^ukim^ Barren, past child-bearing
(a woman).
jlUx ^kfi%, A staff with an iron fer-
rule. Sjl^ A walking staff, a shep-
herd's crook, a bishop's crosier.
I^llc ^kkdm, A tent pitcher and palan-
quin attendant.
S^^kar, Being turbid, muddy, feculent.
The dre^ or sediment, the mother of oil, the
leeaof wine.
^^JL& ^ka, Beflexion, inversion, rever-
beration, recoiling, repercussion, refraction.
The contrary, oppodte. jj^\^jtSs.,
The reflexion of light. To represent by
reflexioo.
ie
(S46)
r^
iS^, or \i^, Acca, Ptolemaifi, or St. Jean
d'Acre. A town of Syria and capital of the
Pashalic of the same name, on tne ooast of
the Mediterranean. It is situated on a pro-
montory, fonninff the N£. limit of a fine
semicircular bay (the Bay of Acre) opening to
the N., bounded NW. by Cape Carmel, at the
extremity of the mountain of that name.
The harbour of Acre, on the S. side of the
town, within the bay, is shallow, and acces-
sible only to Tessels drawing little water ; but
oppodte to Caiphs, a small town at the foot
of Mount Carmel, on the W. side of the bay,
there is good anchorage ground in deep water.
Few towns are more adyantageously situated
as a centre of commerce or seat of politiad
power ; but these advantages, by making its
possession of importance, have served to expose
it oTer and over again to hostile attatcks.
Previously' to 1832, the population of Acre
was loosely estimated at from 15,000 to
20,000 ; but the siege of that year having '
ended in its almost total destruction, it is
impossible to state exactly the number of its
present inhabitants, though 9,000 is probably
about the mark. The same cause operates to
make an account of the place historiMl, rather
than descriptive of its existing state. Here
stood a Hebrew, or perhaps a Phoenician city,
called Accho. Beinj^ improved and enlarged
by the Greek sovereigns of Ilgypt, they gave
it the name of Ptolemais, and it was justly
regarded by them and their Roman successors
as a port of great importance. Syria was one
of the first conouestB of the Mahommedans
into whose hanas Ptolemais fell (636). In
1 104 it was captured by the first Cnuaders, and
formed for eighty years part of the kingdom
of Jerusalem, when it was taken by Saladin.
About four years afterwards, Bichard Cceur de
Lion, after a siege of 22 months, took it in
1191. In 1291 the Christians lost it From
1291 till 1616, it formed part of the Caliphate,
when it passed to the Ottoman Empire. In
1749 Daher expelled the Turkish Aga and
made Acre his capital. The Turks recovered
it in 1776. In 1882 Ibrahim Pasha took it
after a siege of 6 months and 21 days. Its
Srivate and public buildings' were mostly
estroved. In 1840 Great Britain restored
it to tne Ottoman Empire, but up to the pre-
sent it has not recovered its former prosperity.
Jx ^Ua, Pwhaps. ^jle. ^allanl, Per-
haps I (may come), vjilc ^aHaka,
Peradventure you (may see him).
]Lc ^Id, Glory, sablimity, exaltation,
eminence, dignity. Being superior, aboye, on
the upper part. Ic ^, From above.
5Lc^ J^ C?^» ^^' ^® glorious and
most high. ^jfji\*l&,^ald''ud'dln, (The
glory of religion (a proper name).
^)Le ^dj, A medicinei a remedy.
uJle ^aUdff A vcDdor of forage or fodde
dJts. ^dkat or ^Ic, Eelation, parea
age, connexion, attachment, interest h
tension, right, justice, necessity. Commen
oommuoication, correspondence.
iiix. ^iddlat, Whatever diverts one frol
any pursuit
jjia ^aUdm, Omniscienoe. God (j
knowingeverything). CC^l aUI ,ua
«■
^lji\, With pndae to God, the Six
of Elnowledge, or the Ommadent.
^)U ^akLmat, A sign, signal, marie; u
distinguishing characteristic or impre«ioD.
Btandiurd, bamier, ensign.
LjIc, ^aidntyiUf Publication, divulgatioi
notoriety. £jlc^atenfyatoM,Publicli
^le^ L«a , Publicly and privately.
ijie. ^ildwat (pi. v/^)» The upper par
anything placed above another ; the bead (
above the neck), a small package laid od tl
top of a horse or camel load.
fJSLc ^aldifek (pL of ^le ^aldka)^ Goi
nexions, things connected, business relation&
jtiix. ^aldymn (pi. of X^lc ^alamt
Signs, signals, symptoms, wonders, phenomeQ
^lLc ^ulbat, A case, a coffer, a box.
^Ulc ^tUat, An accident, misfortune, casi
alty, calamity, disease, suffering. A pretenc
cause. ,<f<^^ JfA£ ^j^^ ^^. ^'
laiui murabiyah yukaSalu assaiJ, The cbi
is kissed for the sake (on account) of its nan
t— flLr ^laf, Grass, forage, hay, stm
lal/y Feeding cattle.
j;lc ^aMf Love, affection, attachmeo
(PI. of iUix), Leeches, blood-sucken
ilftle ^alakatf A horse-leech.
A^Lc ^alkamf The coloquintida, or wi
gourd. Anything bitter, most bitter waUt.
Ll}lc loii, Chewing. ^Ok, The gu
of pine or juniper, which may be chewed.
Jlc ^ilal (pi. of ^Dx), Infirmities, pr
tences.
Ac ^alam, A standard, ensign, coloui
^ flag, banner, comet, guidon.
Ac ^Im, Knowledge, science, doctrio
>
(247)
^
art, profession. Jlc c^lL, Stadioas,
seaicbiogforkiiowledge. A student. J^
l,\»l^ The knowledge of the names, i.e,
of the attribntes of God. ^^jJi2\Se^,
Certain knowledge, demonstration. Jlc
^U\ or AQ\ Jx, or iili^ Jlc, or
JWIJie, The explanatory science,
i'#. rhetoric, oratory, eloqaence. Jx
uJ*.^!^, The mystic or contemplatiTC
< >L..^\ Jlc, Arithmetic.
l!l JL:, Poetry. aBI Joc JuJl, The
bunrledge is with God, God knows.
cJUyidiJI Jlc or uJ^\ Jx, Grammar.
^.«iJ1 JLc, Tme knowledge, a religious
life, ^.tyjt Jlc, Chronology, history.
C^ljLJf Jlc , 'Botany. j^ys{]\ A^^
Astrooomy. jj)I^ ^Jx ^iTmfJ a^Ar,
Tb« knowledge of traciiig footsteps in the
doert^ The ngscity of ihe Bedouins in this
reelect is qiiite wonderfbl, and is particularly
o^ol in the ponait of lugitiTes, or in search-
iag after eatt^ M»Jkj secret transactions are
bran^ to tight hr this knowledge, and the
''deader can seazeeiy hope to escape detection
ia any clandestine proceeding, as his passage
is recorded vnon the road in characters that
erery one of nia Anbian neighbours can read.
Seey\ Athr.
»Lc ^tilamd (pi. of Jlc), Doctors, theo-
hpsau, codesiaatics. The learned.
^Jlc ^sbtS, Scientific, theoretic.
^^'Many Becomingpublished, divnlged.
— i ui&uBt, Pablicly, openly, avowedly.
ZjIc ^aldniyat^ The quality of being
dja« in pohlie ; openly and avowedly.
y^ iyiUo, An eminence, height. Snb-
ba^. The upper part. Altitude.
^t^ic '^ylvSn^ The title or preface of a
book. [soldier's pay or subsistence.
^i^ ^^fai, A stipend, salary, pension,
j»Lc ^Mk^ An embryo, a conception.
« J^ ^nZftMy Knowledge^ science.
^cJlc c%ltoa\ An enemy. Excessive.
^wlf AboTe, high, sublime.
^L ^ala\ Above, upon. According to.
^Against, opposite. In, from (as will appear
from the following combinations): ^ix
^J^, (It happened) in his time. ,<Lc
J\ Instantly. JLaJJl ^, Continu-
ally, without interruption. ,J-c
j\^^\, GontinuaUy. jSiSl Jx,
Absolutely. j\jiu'i\^, Separately.
JUS^I^, Certainly, surely, in
truth. jJs*^! ^, Hastily. ^)^
Jy^3\, Prolixly, diffusedly. ^<lc
Jl^\, Successively, ^joyos^^ ^Jx,,
Especially, particularly, precisely, ^ix
/^^J\\, Continually, perpetually, al-
ways- cr^*^!^ t/"!?' vJ^' ^^^^ ^®**^
and eyes, i.e. willingly, cheerfully. ^^Jx
ilyJ\, Equally, in a parallel or similar
manner. L^jJ^ ,^^, Blindly, like a
blind man. dAiJl ^, Kashly, im-
prudently, inconsiderately. ,^\ ^Jx
JU- , In every manner, however it
may be. <dl\^->b^^, Carelessly,
slightiy. L^J^ j^!/i i-..«*r^ ^
^^rfl--f. According to their rank and
dignity. L^\ j^-Xc j;j^ ^, On '
the contrary. iSUal^jJJ ^Jx, Accord-
ing to his strength or powers. ^^^
J jj ^-^ J^, Omnipotent. ^jkiU,^^
4-jllaL**Jl <— ^liJlll lO, As the sacred
book taught him. j^i^^J^j^ ^J^
aIacJU, In the course of months and
years. ^^Qll* ,^, Before the world,
publicly. f^y^\ ^j ^J^i All, uni-
J-
(S48)
J-
versally. j|^t^j\le, At pleasure,
ad libitum, ji*^^ ^ AA ^J^i In this
case.
_L: ^li, The proper name of a man.
c-Jlt ^\ ^ jJLc, The son-in-law and
fourth Khalif or suoceflsor to Mahomet, whom
he was to have succeeded ; but heing success-
fully opposed hj Omar and Othman, he raised
a sect 01 his own, and gained many followers.
On the death of Othman he was declared
Khalif in 665, hut was assassinated in a
mosque, a.d. 669. — He had nine wires, by
whom he had fourteen sons and eighteen
daughters.
j\i\^^J^, Ali-Abad, a town of Persia,
85 miles from Kushan. It contains 500 houses.
There is a residence huilt by Shah-Abbas in
the neighbourhood. — There are several other
towns and Tillages in Asia of this name.
^^U>3^1 ^ ^J)^ , Ali Beg, a Pole,
who became first dragoman or interpreter to
the grand seisTiior of Turkey. He was taken
prisoner by the Tartars when a child, and sold
to the Turks, and was brought up in the
Mahometan faith, d. 1675. — He understood
English, and translated the catechism of the
Ghureh of England, and all the Bible, into the
Turkish language. His greatest work is a
book on the liturgy of the Turks, their pil-
grimages to Mecca, etc., translated into Latin
by Dr. Smith.
lI^^U^I CX; ^^ , Ali Bey, a Greek ad-
venturer, who when young was taken by
robbers and conveyed to Cairo, where he was
bought by Ibrahim, a lieutenant of the jani-
saries, who entered him among the Mamelukes.
For his gallanfry against the Arabs he was
created a bey. In 1758 his patron was mur-
dered by a party headed by a person also called
Ibrahim, a Circassian. In 1763 he attained
the dignity of sheikeobalad, which was the
first in the republic, and soon after slew Ibra-
him, to revenge the murder of his patron.
This raised against him numerous enemies,
who obliged him to fiy to Acre, where he was
protected by the sheik Daher. In 1766 he
was recalled by the people, and, after revenging
himself upon his enemies, he declared war
against the Arabs, and by the success of his
achievements encircled his name with renown.
Having now risen to be the head of the
government Egypt under his rule began to
revive ; agriculture flourished, and the country
seemed to bid fair to recover its former splen-
dour. In 1 768 war broke out between Russia and
Turkey, and Ali sent 12,000 men to serve in
the Ottoman army. His enemies reported at
Constantinople that these troops were designed
to assist the Russians ; in consequence of which
a capigi, and four attendants, were sent to take
off bis head. AU being mformed of this,
seised these measengen of death and hind
them over to the fate they desired for fail
self. He then declared war n^ainst tiie Pd
and for a time preserved his independeu
and obtained several advantages. At Uft i
principal commanders revotted with th(
troops, and in a battle which took plie« U
tween Ali and the forces of one of nis ehi
Mamelukes, he was taken prisoner, and di
of his wounds in 1773. b. in Anatolia, 17S
— The object of Ali was to endeavour to i
establish the independence of £^t ; to r
suscitate some of the ereatness of iti lonf-eot
grandeur; and had ne been suppoited by
similar q>irit of energy in his people, £gt
might once again have taken a promise
place amongst the nations of the modti
world.
^le. , Ali Kasjid, a fort two mill
from the eastern entrance of the oelebrat
Khyber pass, which during the Afghan i1
frequently changed hands.
J^Jtl LlU ^, Ali Pacha, an Albania
chief, who in his fourteenth year was secoi^
in the inheritance of his father's estates by tl
cruelty of his mother, from whom he aeems i
have mherited the ferocity by which he ^
actuated in many of his deeds in winning Ij
way to wealth and power. Bom amongst
community of robbers, his earlv life wu ^isM
amid scenes of continual vicusitude and t)
most daring and dangerous adventure; bl
whilst he was distingmshing himself bj b
bravery, he was, at ue same time, acconi
lating riches and ^thering power. At length 1
was enabled, by intriguing at ConstantinopI
to obtain the secret commission which ensbli
him to execute the finnan of death sgaio
Selim, pasha of Delvino. He was then i]
pointed lieutenant to the new Derweod pasl
of Roumili, in which his conduct was muii
by great rapacity, even among the Eleptii, <
robbers, with wnom he was leagued m ^
liating aU that came within his reach. Tl
country now swarmed with marauden. B
power grew with his increasing riches; b
the Porte was diBsatisfied, and the Derwei
pasha was recalled and decapitated. X
although summoned to the capitiu, was toovs
to be caught. He bribed the divan, remaim
where he was, and avoided the loss of I
head. Ali soon afterwards managed to msl
his peace with the Porte, and sucoessivelT b
came pasha of Tricali, in Thessaly, then ik
wend pasha of Roumili, when he, from beii
a robber himself, raised a body of 4,000 Alb
nians, and gained additional fiivour with t
Porte by clearing the country of 'the depred
tors by which it waa infestea- He next t»
Jannina, the capital of southern Albania,
Epirus, usurped its pashalic, got himself co
firmed in it, and b^an vigorously to exte:
his territories. These finally embraced i
Epirus, and extended into Acahiania a
JBtolia, or Western Greece. He attack
and defeated the Suliotesy and exercised up
^
(249)
Ue
iheiB the moit dreadfol Tengeuiee for the
hmaj with which they had resisted his
eiortB to oonqner tiiem. He redaoed many of
th« (owm OD the Gulf of Arta and the coast
of the Adxiatie; penetrated, on the north, Al-
bania proper; intrigned for and ohtained the
puhahe of Berat ; seized the govemment of
Othridi, in Uoper AlhanU ; attacked, by order
of the Porte, die pasha of Scutari, or Skodra ;
dffated and then appropriated his territories.
At all fteie daring acts the Porte was com-
pelled to oonaiTe, and AJi was even appointed
nupectcT of the principal division of the em-
pire, witii i residence at Monaster, and an
anoT of 24,000 men. He subsequently be-
eamp t vizier, or pasha with three tails, but by
his intrigainz and treacherous disposition he
fioallT rossed the ire of the sultan, who had
him ezconunnnicated, and commanded all the
p«hai of European Turkey to march against
hisL All was compelled to abandon his strong-
hoM in Janmna, and on a promise of pardon sur-
reedered himself to the rorte. The treachery
hy vhich so many deeds of his own life had
^ diitingaished now fell upon himself.
He wti betrayed and murdered. His head
Tu tramperted to Constantinople, where,
8poa the giate of the seraglio, it was stuck and
ohihited to the gaze of the populace, b. at
T^-ptlen, 1750 ; d. 1822.— All had three sons,
vbo shared his fate ; and whatever regret
^t be felt for them, there was none on his
It-Lslf. Lord Byron visited him in his fortress
4- Ttiielen, and thus sings of him in his second
canto of « Childe Harold " :—
He pM'd bleak Pindos, Acheruxia'* lake,
Aiid left the printal city of the land,
Aod oQwarda did hi* ^rther journey take,
1o tntet Altania'a ehief, whose dread command
l^Uvkttlaw.
The Imeaments of AU, however, did not, in
^ noble poet's opinion, indicate the ensan-
rained ferocity which characterized his dispo-
^^^ Xotwithstanding that he was a man
<f "war and woes.*' and that crimes had
''Etirked him with a tiger's tooth,"—
^ia bit Uq^aments ye cannot trace,—-
^^ pcntleDeM her mildpr radiance throws
\.«f ihat ac«d. venerable face, —
T^ deed! that lurk beneath, and stain him with dis-
<riee!
j^ t«ft, Bl^, the higher part. ^Jic
m m
jXc\ ^J^^j^&\, Eminent in dignity
"t^oalied in glory,
v^^ t!^a*, Nobility. Highness.
•^ t*^^ ffeni. of ^Xc\)9 More or most
^ onineot A high place. [subUme.
^ i^h^iteuL o{^)y High, exalted,
l^if/«tt (pL of iJlc)i An upper
rooQ bsriiiv windows on the three sides, and
*»^ gaa% as a bedroom.
t^/i Pastured, fed.
clCl ff ^ciayJca, Above, on, or to thee..
jLir ^alaykum, Above you.
JJlc ^ahl, Infirm, invalid ; suffering
under some bodily infirmity or defect.
*Jl£ ^o/im. One who knows everything.
ddll ^»J^|^ toal^lim Allah, And the
one who knows everything is God.
^uLc ^layhi. Upon, against, with him
or it. f!i21\ iUix, Peace be with him,
which is often abbreviated thus — *£,
when following the name of any prophet ;
after that of Mahomet they frequently add
Mi
JL^f J^lj i^\ J^^ <Ux, On
whom be the highest blessing and the most
perfect health ; or <uLc dJJl d^t^L^
<uLrf^, With whom be the blessing
and peace of God; or ^J^ ^^ t^
Jui^ iULe, May heaven bless him and
place him in safety ; and others similar. After
the names of Ali, and others famed for sanctity,
they write <lJlc rflU ^yojy May the
blessing ofGod be upon him; i^JIl ^uLc,
or <uLc dlil ^^Tjy On whom be the
peace of God.
tfS. ^mm (pi. AfS and A/t^)» An uncle,
a father's brother. J^l ^1 Jj) <lU1^
JUj idiSlj l^ ^^^ ^tr^^ ^^ (J^
Bj God ! I must retaliate for this damsel upon
him who killed her, and put him to death.
Then said he to Jaafar, By the truth of my
descent from the Khaleefens, of the sons of
£1- Abbas, if thou do not bring to me the man
who killed this woman, that I may ayenge
her upon him, I will bane thee at the gate of
my palace, together with rorty of thy kinsmen.
\i ^am&. Blindness, cecity. ^^^ ^^
Lm!1 Cio^, Yerily love is the com-
panion of bUndnesB. [tent-pole.
jl; ^mad^ A column, pillar, pilaster, a
Uc
(260)
i^ ^imdratf An edifice, a pious foon-
'dation, a sacred fabric, a temple, church,
mosque, Beminary, college, academy. A forti-
ficahoiu Any inhabited place, a habitation.
Lon^vity. Coltore, cnltiTation, education.
A tnbe, a society, a maltitnde. The fourth
degree of consanguinity. [^^^7*
iLil^ ^amdkai, Depth, deepness, profun-
JU^ ^ummdl, Artificers, tax-gatherers,
officers. [kites.
^\f ^amdlik and LlWf, The Amale-
^ux ^mmdfnat, A turban, particularly
that worn by judges and doctors. libOuu ^
VU
'A\j\
'3>
And after I loosened my turban from it, and
disengaged it from its foot, shaldng as I did
so, I walked away.
^UbC ^mmdn, The high sea, the ocean.
A river of Persia.
^Ux ^mtndn, The ancient Amn)^, the
canitil of the AtninimifaM Jt was likewise
called Rabath and Osterath, md subsequently
Philadelphia, having been rebuilt by Ptolemy
Philadelphus. The principal ruins lie along
the hauls of a small river, called Mayat
Amman (the water of Amman), running
through a ralley bordered on both sides by
barren hills of flint. This stream, which has
its source in a pond, a few hundred paces from
the south-west end of the town, after passing
under groimd seyeral times, empties itself into
the river Zerka. Among the ruins are — 1. A
theatre, excavated in the side of the eastern
hill, the diameter of which is 128 feet, exclusive
of the depth of the theatre itself (88 feet
each way). There are 42 rows of seats of
stone, 14 inches high, and 20 broad, divided
into 3 portions by '2 open galleries. The
first division, nearest the stage, has 12 steps
with 6 cunei, the second 15 steps with 5.
2. Before the theatre, and between it and the
stream, are the remains of a beautiful colon-
nade: 8 columns, 16 feet high, are standing
with Corinthian capitals, and entablature
entire. There are the shafts of 8 other
columns: there might have been 60 altogether
when entire. 3. Selow the great theatre is
another smaller one. 4. A detached building ;
it has a beautiful arch in the centre, finished
'*en niche'* at the top, and seems to have
had wings. 6. A row of columns. 6. The
remains of a large temple, and near it a pool
of water, a circumstance which greatly en-
hances the importance of the situation of
Amman. 7. A large church converted into a
Mosoue. On the top of a hill to the west,
EtanoiB the Castle of Amman. The space
intervening between the river and the western
hill is entirely covered with the lemib
private buildings, now used for shelter!
camels and sheep. There is not a af^
inhabitant remaining, thus realizing the
phecy of i^ekiel concerning this city.
yl^ ^amdyir (pi. of ij\i)t Fleets.
jSlf ^amayik (pi. of J** or isui\
^\i ^amdym, Torbans.
Ias- ^amnuU or JJkz ^mmah, An ai
a brother's sister.
iXi ^amdf A leaolatioD, purpose,
intention. Setting seriously about an
\*Xi' ^mdan, Deliberatelj, firmly, i
^jj-^^Lc, Diligently, attentively}
fact ^li \l4£ lUxu: ^\ii ^ '
1
Thus I was Uke one who has put out hU t
on purpose, so that when he rises in the dm
ing the day shines for him no more ; whci
if I had retained mastery of my haod )
temper, the disposal of my &te would (
have heen al my dMioe.
ij^ ^mdai, A support, pillar, pr
Whatever we trust to or confide in. Gn
rich, consequential. (^\^^ |/*^^ ^
lumdat vl itmara «/ kiram, The grex
among the most illustrious princes.
^^umr(pl.jU^),Life,age. vKJLJ^
^j\ U ^ Li^lj
U A.
cT* 1^
'^ ° ^
J U J.JjJ l::
jLi V^ u:.^J--r1, Thy nights j
on at a rapid pace, but thou, as I see, art <
sisting in thy course; whereas if thou b
been wise in the time of thy life that is \
thou wouldst have exchanged vice for virt
ji ^mar, Proper name, Omar Amni
^\jf ^mardn, The two Omars,
Abubekre and Omar, the first two Khali^
S /Xti\f Thelmam Omar,8ecand Cal
of the Mussulmans after Mohammad,
made himself master of Syria, and in
besieged and took Jerusalem, after a dd
of several months. In the following yej
invaded Persia, and led a powerful army
Egypt, the conqaest of which country
completed by the taking of AlexandVi
640. He instituted the Era of the lU
or Flight of Mohammad, from which
Mussulmans compute their years. It
J^^
(251)
^
meoeed with the 16fth July, 622 ▲.d. His
matupj is held in the highest ▼enention by
titf Ssniteii, or orthodox Mahometuis; but
tk ShiitM, or psrtiMiiB of Al j, regard him
as % wuper. Offlsr was wmii urinated by a
Pmbso ilire 644.
Jlill/, Omar II., the eighth Caliph of
the Oomidi: he wis great mndson of the
pnodnff cafiph, and aBeeeeafld Soliman in
717. Se kid li^ to ConstBDtinople, bnt
wuibmd to HIM it, on aoeoont of a nolent
BSon, vUeh destroyed a great part of his
fleet hiKMd720.
ir^fjijff Omar Ben Alaftaah, Maho-
Dedn ooBttdi of Eetremadnra and Portugal,
naodtd hit brother in 1082. He assisted
tb! Knnfaostt king of Toledo against
A^than VI., hot was defeated by the latter.
h less he, with other Moorish monarchs,
»^ (^ aid of the Snltan of Morocco,
«fe JMid hii tetMps with th^ Mahomedans,
anJ&aghtiM^iiiimy battle with Alphonso
B^ar M^ Tin *^'«*~ aofasequently
toned agaont Omar, who w» MSHsoMladbj
tin ia 1090.
/ Omar, a odebcated Moorish pirate,
^ ia the 9th eentory committed great
nnjes ia the Mediterranean, took the iuand
'f Crete, and there erected a fort called El-
K^isdak, from which Candia, the modem
aa»of ^ island, has been derived.
/ '^t ColtiTatiBg, building, making
I oDa&tiT habitable.
'/ ^wuni, The sacred Tiaitation or
^^nnage to Mecca.
]j{ ^mr^^ Amra (proper name much
<^ in kw books, with Jjj najfd, as
vt do the lettefs A and B).
^ d^^^A' -^ou*a*ebn-al-a8, a famous
gcoeraL at first a great enemy of
||i^nBet, bat afterwards his sealons disciple.
fl< coDqnered Syria and Egypt, whence he
ei^ssdd his netoriims arms to Africa. He
<^ jponmor of EoTpt, which flonrished
^J oader his admuustrationy a-d. 663.
r^ \^mikj Weakness of sight and a
>^0Q in the eyes. [a gnlH
>r ctBii, Depth, profundity. An abyss,
ji :au/, An action, operation, work,
^t ptactaoe. To do, make, act, effectuate,
'>nte, aecote, labour, put in practice.
^ i'^dai or 4l^ cMnalaK Laboorers,
S^ 6«isfi, Practical (in opposition to
tl'omical], laboured, artificial.
ri (MM^jfoA (pi. LZ^LU ^nMliy&t),
of doing, conduct, prooeas.
^jA£> ^amman (for ^^^^\ From that
which. [Palestine.
{jm\^ ^amwds, Emmaos, a town in
J^ ^amad, A column, a pillar, a prop.
\jyf ^amiUUM, Perpendicularly.
gj^ Gomorrah (city in Palestine).
Myi ^Mtfiilm, Being common. Commu-
nity, uniTersality. ^yf» Commonly,
nniTeraaUy, nxlgariy. [nndsa.
<U^ ^miLmat (pi. of ^), Paternal
i^^ ^ttfiiiUnl, Common, general, uni-
"TersaL
^U«^ ^mumiffat, The quality of being
general, universal, and public.
^^•x Amman or i^j:m4^\ al muiUari,
Jupiter, the Ammon of the Africans, the Belus
of Babylon, the Osiris of the ancient Egyp-
iiana, called alao ^j£j or Dioi (hence
L/'^J ^ J^ madinat «iMi&, JMospolis^
Thebes). Ammon was worshipped in Libia.
He appeared in the form of a ram to Hercules
-~or, according to others, to Bacchus — ^who,
with his army, was suffering the greatest ex-
tremities for want of water in the desert of
Africa, and showed him a fountain. Upon this
Bacchus erected a temple to his lather, under
the name of Jupiter Ammon, which had a
famous oracle established about eighteen cen-
turies before the time of Augustus ; but when it
pronounced Alexander to be the son of Jupiter,
such fiattery destroyed its reputation, and in
the a^ of Plutarch it was scarcely known.
The situation of the temple was pleasant, and,
according to Herodotus, there was near it a
fountain, whose water was tepid in the mom-
inp^, cool in the forenoon, extremely cold at
mid«day, diminishing in coldness as the day
declined, warm at sunset, and boiling hot at
midnight. In 1792 the site of the Temple 'of
Ammon was discovered in a fertile spot called
the Oasis of Siwah, situated in the midst of
deserts, five d^rees from Cairo. In 1798
Homeman discovered the fountain. In 1816
Belxoni visited the spot, and found the foun-
tain in the middle ofa beautiful wood of palm-
trees. He visited it at noon, evening, midnight,
and morning. He had no thermometer with
him, but, judging from his feelings at these
different periods, it might be 40° at noon, 60**
in the evening, 100"* at midnight, and 80" in
the morning.
^ ^ami, Being blind, dark, obscure
"(business).
^ ^ml and ^L^ ^mydn (pi. of ^\
a^mtf'), Blinds. ♦ULa^\f«l\i, '• •^-* -
[^
(262)
r^O « CLy^ ^lfi> U^ <^4r^l9
*j^\j j^^i iU ^^^^^j, So I en-
gaged in enconoten of that sort of warfiire,
while I inyested myself with its distinctiTe
badges, and adopted its symbols as my decora-
tions ; perceiring it to be a merchandize that
ne^er fails and a fountain that is never dried
npt and a lamp to which all mankind might
resort, and whereby the blind of every sort
might be enlightened.
Uf ctmmiya, Blindness, want of mental
vision ; in L^f ^Xe> ^alal^m miyd,
Blindly, without undentanding or thinking of
the consequences, ignorantly.
^tnlk, Deep, profound. ij,\ Ji
\j, Then I walked about that
t-'
place, and found myself upon an eminence, be-
neath which was a large, wide, deep valley.
Juf ^amll, (In commerce) agent, cor-
respondent, commissioner. One who buys and
sells goods on account of a merchant, charging
commission or percentage on the same.
^M^ ^amlm, Full, complete, perfect The
superior rank, the better sort of men. Common
toall,ortomany, universal, general. ^^
^Uu»-)tf, Benevolent or beneficent to
aU. ^u\p^\ f^, Enriching univer-
sally. waJI j^^, Advantageous to all.
^ ^n, Of, from, with, after, on, con-
cerning, above, before. (*t^^^ {^
CyJftil, From the bottom of the heart.
1^.^^ 1^1 In a little time, soon, im-
mediately. JuiS ^^, With design, in-
tentionally. ^^^ ^, In vain.
UwC ^and, Affliction, labour, lassitude,
adversity, distress.
<^ll« ^mnah, The jujabe tree and fruit
_jllc ^tmn^^f, Of a carnation colour.
jUf ^nddf Obstinacy, stubbornness,
perversenesB, resistance, repogoanoe.
J jlisC ^anddil (pL of t_ -i JJx ^andaM
Nightingales. [elemen
^Lfi ^andsir (pi. ofytoxc ^mnsw), T{
JujLc (pi. of OyL^), A bunch.
^Lc ^ndn, The reins, a bridle, ^l
UoJ^, ^ndn astamd, The highestivgi
of the sky. ^\^\ ^\i^jS^\^\A
^ ^U, A:^ ^ ^J^^ I
M^^ y^^ ^5^' ^5^ t^'j H
'UwuJl , And when the dawn came, &
mom appeared, the bird rose from its ej
and utterad a great cry, and drew me up i
the sky. It ascended and soared up bo hi]
that 1 imagined it had reached the higlj
region of the sky.
^Lfi ^tndyo^. Assistance, aid, favoi
Solicitude, anxiety. ^i\ L\:ji\ d
nnyat ul Ua hwyah^ The Divine Provideooei
c,v*r ^nahf The grape, grapes, c^
c^Jjdll, Foxes' grapes, nightshsl
In Syria the vine, supported on pi^es, or wii
ing round the oaks, suppUea gn^^ ^b
afford red and white wines that mi^ht n
those'of Bordeaux, [and cord
^tnhar, Ambergris, a rich perfo
Jllc ^nda (An adverb of time and plac
near, nigh, with, before, about, in, accord
to, etc. ^\ Jco:, With or before G«
^^^^«J1 4XXC, According to some. J
^JJL^I, In truth, certainly. ^Ultj^
At length, finally. J^j!\ jl1£, Onj
arrival, when it happens, in such an eT^
^«Xxe, With him, in his possessil
^\^j (J/jcj:, Take thou (this) Zaj
il3J>;r ^^, On your part. LvJoc,
the mean time. 4/JCi£^2;^»Bymyo|
authority. ui3jJcx, Then, at i
same time.
u^JfcXxe ^mdd^lh^ A nightingale.
ij^ ^atuueh, The Bedouins of the t^
of Anaze. The Anase are the meet powc^
Arab nation in the desert of Svxia, and if
add to them their brethren in Najd, thev t
be reckoned one of the most Doniiamble boj
4^
(253)
cf Bedonhu in the inJiiin dacrto. Thejare
Qooida in th« rtrietest aoeeptation oi the
void, bt thej eantiBiM dmiiig the whole year
^nMttT (pl.yi0l:x)| An element.
1 feondatioiL Temperament, constitatioii,
tm^aaoa. The ^Tptiane repreeent the
mm \j the number ^«, heing that of the
doKBts, vhieh, saji Diodonu, are earth,
nts, or, lire, and ether, or epiritOB. The
ladiiiB Iktre the nme number of element!,
and, aooordiof to Hacrobioi' "Myetice,"
they Be the n^zeme God, orprimum mobile,
the iitelligeooe, or mem bom of him, the
rati of the world which proceeds firom him,
tbiedfidals^emandaU things terrestrial.
HoR, adds mtarch, the analogy between
tlu Gnek pmU, fixe, and pan, all. The
Aaanlk, beodes Uieir Trinity called Maana,
loi, Bib^pirit, Name, and Door — ^hare also
I m&f exidly answering to the above,
Bni^raeated oymany Imams, in several
tonsaad rerolationB ca!iledj\^c\jj\if\
iifom wuidwar. As for their qointities.
Kt iiothiak, The five phantoms or fire ghosts,
or die fiTe dements which are the primum
■•^ the intelligenoe, or maw, which consti-
tote the soul of Uie world. See
•^ fMif, Inoonveniency. Severity,
^^, violenee, fiiry, force, oppression.
^ji^ ^fitwai and ^^\^«x, Vigour.
TbefiDwerofyoath.
i/^ ^tn/t, Bigorons, seyere, forioasy
'vioicBt, imperious, tyrannicaL
J^i^tt^ The neck. v^/^^^Wjvj^
^ oo her head was a crown of gold, with a
•:uet of jeireis : on her neck was a necklace of
)^^«^ in the middle of which were refulgent
*^ \mJa (fern, of (j:^), Long-necked ;
^^vkite streaks on the neck, especially
^t ^inl form (a dog, a species of greyhonnd) .
tAii A ftbnlons bird which makes a dis-
^^pshed figure in Eastern romance. It
^^I'^^i'adt in some respects with the idea of
^^ hoeaii — one only of the species being
y^ to exist— and with the griffin in
'^pe sod moostorons mze. It is &ncied to be
^^^ tod to have the gift of speech, and to
fiiTe t&^stA MM oneen on the fabolons monn-
^ of Kaf. El-Eaxwim states that the
^^ » te greatest of biids j that it carries
off the elephant as the kite carries off the
monse. In consequence of its carrying off
a bride, Gfod, at the prayer of a prophet,
banished it to an island in the Circnmamoieiit
Ocean, unrisited by men, under the equinoctial
Hue. It Utcs one thousand scTon hundred
years. When the young Anka has ^wn up,
if it be a female, the old female bird bums
herself, and if a male, the old male bird does
the same. [presently.
^^.^ ; ft ^larih, Soon, near to, about,
JjLa ^anHdf A bunch. Uy^vr J^£i£
^nkad ^nahf A bonch of grapes.
CL^yS^x ^nkabnty A spider.
Jlkc ^nkum, From you. ^fs, ^nhum,
From them. ^\^ ^^-i^^ ^^ ^U
• \y\J\^ jSi\ L-^ Juu, And the
grsTo eloquently answered the inquirer for
uem. As to the cheeks, the rose is. gone from
them. Long time they ate and drank, but
now, after pleasant eating, they themselTes
have become the prey of the worms.
Mis. ^nam, A species of Arabian tree,
bearing red fruit and soft branches ; also the
extremities of the Syrian willow. The ten-
drUs of a Tine twining round an arbour.
^namatf a single tree or tendriL A fissure
on the human lip.
^\y^ ^wan or (^'^ ^wdn, The
title or inscr^tion of a book.
iy^ ^nwat, Force, compulsion, oppres-
sion. (Oontril), Loto, affection, f^antoatan,
By force.
^Lxc oanhu, From him or it. l^ ^nhd,
From her. ^Js^\j ^\ Ji ^ J^
Therefore it is natural that I should weep and
moom. On hearing these words, I abstained
from rebuking her, and said to her, Do what
seems fit and proper to thee, for I will not
oppose thee. fJ^^J\ij\i^ ^\ ^-^^^^
^^^-"^^3 ^^jy. t^^' ^ iP!^ *^^
^^j^^ ^J^\ vj:..-L3Juf^ U;Uj^
I
(254)
j^
ljb;LL\, And I took shelter in a
caTern until the next morning. I then re-
samed my walking till I arriyra at a flonrish-
ing and well-fortiled city. The winter with
its cold had passed away, and the spring had
come with its flowers. The riyers form^ the
most enchanting cascades, and the singing of
the birds was truly delightful.
Ju:v£ ^anld, Obstinate, stubbonii contu-
macious, refractory.
ii— Bj.'.f. ^anlf, Imperious, tyrannical,
rigorous, cruel, severe in reproach. Trouble-
some, inconyeoient. Riding with pain.
1a£ ^uw&, Barking, howling, the thir-
teenth mansion of the moon, or four or fiye
stars in Virgo.
Jjl^ ^awdzil (pi. of J^«Xc ^azfl/),
Censurers. *^^Ais)\ ^It ^ ^^^
4 -Ul ^^ • ^^ ^1 4 ^£;r ^
♦ ^y^\ u--ij ^ \^\ ^\^i Thine
image is within my eyelids, and I think of
thee when my heart is throbbing and when it
is quiet. Thy love has penetrated into my
bones, and there it circulates as does the juice
in the fruits upon the branches. And when 1
see thee not, my bosom is contracted, and the
censurers excuse me for my sorrows. 0 thou
whose love has got possession of me, and for
whom my distraction exceedeth my affection,
fear the compMsionate, with respect to me,
and be merciful. Thy love has made me to
taste of death.
u^^>^ ^atrartii. Accidents, incidental
distempers. ^Umm>- yjoij^^, Bodily
infirmities. [etc.
uJjl^ ^warif (pi. of uJ;U), Sciences,
j^^ys, ^aw&shir, Camels accustomed to
drink once only in ten days. In southern
latitudes common camels on a journey must
be watered every fourth day, a longer exposure
to thirst would probably be fiital to them. The
camel trained for riding, which we call a
dromedary, is termed in £gypt ^;:^c^
hejtn, and in the desert of Syria JJlj
dalul, or The Pilot (of the desert). It is of
the same race as the heayy-carrying beast, dif<
tinguishable from the latter only as a huntet
is nrom a coach-horse. To the uninitisred
eye the difference is scarcely apparent, eicppi
that the riding camel is more sleek, beinj^
shorn closely lixe a sheep ; but tiiere is a noUti
expression in the eyes of the latter, and some<
thing in its whole deportment, by Yhich tb(
generous may be distingoished from the ecro<
mon breed. In Nubia and north-eastoi
Africa also the hefim are much esteemed foi
riding, on account of their docility, tbei]
swiftness, and pleasant amble. The tiedouiiu
assert that the boast of a h^n being able u
Sexform a journey of ten days in one withooi
rinking, and on this account called ^te^ir
is a fact which cannot admit of doubt.
■
j*c>\^ ^wdHf, Three stones with vhid
they press grapes.
, v.^tj£ (pl. of i^Jkplc or isuAc), Wvai
very violent, a gale. See k^^,
^Ji0\ye,^watif{'pl, of dible), AlFecticmf
L--^^^ ^awdkih (pl. of ^Ic ^kilnU]\
Latter ends, conclusions, consequences
him who thinketh not of results and conse
quences, fortune is never favourable, and b<
will not be secure from perils.
/^\ye, ^wdm (pl. of ^U), The oommot
people, the public, the yalgar. a*«.
^awicam^ A swimmer.
J^\^ ^awdmil (pl. of ^le). Agents.
^\^ ^awdn, An assistant. A detective
JjI^ ^wdid (pl. of if Jolf ^dydat), Tea
dues, pickings. Habits, customs,
^^^ ^awdik (pl. of ^U ^dik), Ob
stacles, impediments. [Curvaton
^^ ^wqf, Being crooked, distorted
J^ ^awd, Betuming. J^ ciUf (p'
Ci\^\ and (j'jun). Wood, timber, th
wood or branch of a tree, a staff*, a stick. Tl
wood of aloes. Aluteorharp. i^ j^«-y
Aspeciesof aloes wood. U£..«r»-|^\ l^^ ^
o
,y, \:
•• *
cyyu-j If-j ^\ tliU j cs-^^^^.U
<*.)ar. ijL«, Thenahe took forth tm
t^e
(255)
her shonlden two pieeei of KmiaJT aloes-
Tood, aad took i bit of them, and, having
iigfated a fire in t perAimuiF tcsmI, threw into
h thit Mt, and she made a load whistle.
ij^ ^tfmM, A return, coming back.
*Jc itML A hooked instrament with
vhiich tliej poll bneketi, etc, ont of wella.
Jc '^MMs, Befuge, an asylum. ^ b 3ye.
CS^j ^mam htUM minJta, Qod de-
fesdisefrwthee.
c ^vr, Being blind of an eye.
\if i«ra (fem. of ji^^)> One-eyed
l'^ 'MTttj Any part of the body or
(^ifimer, or aaj part of a man's fanuly,
vlikii nmnia projection from exposure or
^iasilL
^f'M^oii^^y Akindofbranible.
^f Jwed or uucad, A reward, a re-
eDfflpense,oompen8ation. ^ycor \^y&
<^ Id his room, inatead of it.
if [Sel^ Delay, procrastination. Hin-
fc^, detainisg, prerenting.
\,f ;«/, Bemting, straying. Leaning
to oa< side, partial (judge). Exceeding
Ma^ exorbitant, exacting more than what
•^ Tntbleaome, Texations (affair). Over-
?*2Bf, excelling. Supporting (a family);
KndoctBg aoTthing (amonff a family or
«aeitia); haling a large family to main-
tea. lingiiBg or twanging (aa a Mw-string).
ff (flvw, Swimming (as a man).
^tJDg, Bailing (as a ship). (^Ju-j b
"tlttitCT, know that I am a stranger, "and
^aa sbip, and was submerged in the sea
^(Btab otiiers of tiie passengers; but
j|*^.Kipplied me with a wooden tub, and I
J*^rt, sad it bore me along until the
'**** «» upon thia island.
i:;;^^,iid, assistanoe. Snoconr. A
**■*». prtnm.
iJif ^«vtf, A groan, lamentation.
•*F ^, A promise, agreement, com-
^ ewrtiaet, obligation, treaty. An oath, a
'w. A BuidatA. preeept, oomnusdon, or
patent, for any office or dignity. A testament
or last will.
if J^ ^hdat or d J^ ^uhdah. An obliga-
tion, a debt ; oblising oneself to pay, becoming
security for another ; any land ot agreement
or bargain. Betuminggooda (when diamaged).
4>A|£ ^uhiLd (pi. of J^)y Conditions,
capitulations, promises, agreements.
L^ ^ay<3, Difficult, incurable (disease).
c-i»U£ ^yydhy Slanderous, loquacious.
jLc ^ydtj Flying from eril to God.
Taking refuge. Refuge, an asylum.
jLx ^tydr, A mark, a proof. A standard
of weight, measure. A touchstone. A fUll
measure, a legal marked weight.
JLf ^yal, Family, children, household.
^Lc ^dn^ Clear, manifest, public,
conspicuous, certain. Evidence, appearance,
perspicuity. Observing, contemplating.
ULc ^dnan. Publicly, visibly. ^Uc
ttttf^on, Fatigued. [actions.
£Lc ^ydnat, Being a spy upon another's
i^^^f' ^yh, Yice, fault, defect, stain,
disgrace, affront, crime, infamy, dishonour.
pay attention to my narration, which is very
strange, and which will at the same time pro-
yoke smiles and more to tears. I am a man
whose yirtues are exempt from any defect, and
about whose glory and merit there is no doubt.
Ju£ cJdy A religious festival, of which
the Mussulmans haye but two, viz. the
^1 Ju£ ^MpTy The Festival of the
Breaking of Fasts, and ,^j«^\ Juc f^di-
adha or ^JoJi^S^ ^idul kurbdn, The
Festiyal of Sacrifices, on the 10th of Zilhijje.
vl^L/«Ju£ ^Id mubdrakf May your
sacred festival be happy! (equiyalent to A
merry Christmas !) [trees.
^\ju£ ^ayddn or ij\j^, Tall palm-
i^jufi ci(ft. Belonging to any solemn
feast. ^*y^t A present made at that
time.
.^ ^satci, Of the religion of Jesus,
(266>
J?*
- .*
a Christian. JUiiu >.irH ILJl, The
GhriBtian people.
^^mmx ^fM', The Lord Jesus.
^/M^ ^ay«A, Life. Living. L£;f«0 (JS ^
JJ«xJl cA:^ 15^ > ^7 patience has
failed, and my diJMjiiietade is exoeasiTe ; immense
has been my waihng since yonr absence^ and I
have become infirm and invalid ! I take God to
witness that your separation has made me lose
my patience ! And how conld I have patience
to endure the loss of the object of my hope P
After the loss of my belove^ how conld I de- *
light in sleep ? And who is he that can find
pleasure and delight in a life of abasement P
JuaxII^ \^j^^\ vji^-vfiiftj, I possessed
what none of the kings possessed, and ruled
with justice, and acted with equity and impar-
tiality towards mj subjects. 1 gave and made
presents, and I lived a long time in the enjoy-
ment of happiness and an easy life, and emanci*
pated female and male slaves. J^ \ ^k^.,
llahatui-bar, The tent life. Throughout the
day a deathlike silence prevails in an Arab
encampment ; but at sunset, all is life again.
At this hour the fires are lighted for cooking,
and from above every tent a thin column of
smoke is seen issuing as from a cottage
chimney. On every side the shrill voices of
the women are heara, either ^ving directions
relating to the meal which is about to com-
mence, or singing to quiet their babes ; whilst
the watch-dog passes to the rear of his tent,
and, as if conscious of the charge entrusted
to him, keeps up an incessant barking.
aHua ^yldtn, A male hyaena.
^^ ^ayn, The eye, sight, aspect. A
fountain, spring, source. Anything like another,
second s«lf. Kind (as opposed to money or
equivalent). The letter ^. The second radical
letter of any Arabic word. A similar number
or quantity. ^^JLJ^ ^^ ^ynulyahn,
ad., As of positive knowledge, ^j^
i\^\f The fountain of life or immot-
tality. ^ji*j^\ ^^, The ran'seye
(a flower). The opaL J\aS^\ ^.
The height of perfection. J^^l
^^^y. The image or pupil of the eje.
LmX ^aynan, Exactly, jostly, clearly,
truly, effectually, precisely, to the ptafit
^c^ j^W» Certainly, attentivelT,
uninterruptedly.
(^\i:^ Atn-tah, a large town in ^
north of Syria, on the S. slope of the Taomj
Pop. has been estimated at 20,000, vbicb,u
the town be two-thirds the size of Aleppo, ed
scarcely be considered as exaggerated. Tm
inhabitants consist of nearly eqmd nnmbmoi
Armenians, Greeks, Curds, and Mohammedu>j
They use the Turkish lan^age. Water atea]
dant. Manufactures of goatskin, le&tlflj
. cotton, and woollen clolhs are carried 00 tj
some extent ; and there is some trade in ni
and tanned hides, cloth, honey, and tobaeq
Ain-tab may be regarded as Uie capital oi\
limited but very fine country, consistiEg-j
small hills and valleys among the roots of tls
Taurus. The towns and ▼iUsges in this litti
district are very numerous. The air is goc
and the soil fertile.
^Us^l cT!*^ tf^ ^^ A^yy^^i The Serpa
Fountain. A fountain situated at the distao
of an hour from the ruins of the old seapo
of Tortosa, around which fountain are
siderable traces of foundations and rains, vii
sepulchres, denoting some ancient site, poa
the Ihiydra of Strabo. From Apyul-ba;
to Latakia, there is 16 hours of riding oq
shore of the sea, and the whole tract isco
with the ruins of castles and ancient
which are met with particularly in the intiri
between Tortosa and Jabl^ which
formerly thickly inhabited; but now it
nearly deserted, and only partially culdrat
the cultivators being chiefly the An^sritJ
who inhabit the mountains. The provi^
called Cadmus is in that direction.
ij^ ^ayn!, Genuine, original, eesent^
real, natural, effective.
^uynh (pi. of U-^-i), ^<1
-Jl !is^\Jl\ i^J!tA\ ^y..^
^uyubutsh thari^ ffuh al fankktit ui b«\
The redhibitory vices or defects.
^^ cttyun (pi. ^^ ^ayn), Ei
fountains. j^\ Jj*^^ l^^ ^^--1
3i^
(257)
iU
(j3 j \jjA-i} yOjJl <sf-^ ^le , And she
said^ We vilk in the sea with our eyes open,
aad we fee what i> in it ; we also eee the
sm. noon, stars, and the sky as on the fiice
q( tb evth, and this hnrteih OS not.
jUL^^ ^tyfin iolayMdn or {jtAj
^1 rud^fyn, Solomon's CistemB,
V tbe Head of the Fountain, dtoated near
Tjtt Iher ^niiift of three reaenroirs of rude
imaj, nstfld with etrong cement within,
oddrated fifteen or twenty feet aboTe the
^of tberanounding oonntry, which is a
piam Ihe'or ax miles in circamference. The
^er bano, distant about the eighth of a
Buefhn tbe sea, is of an octangmar shape,
tvc3tT-two janb in diameter. Upon the
Vjk of it iB a walk eight feet wide, below
viiid tiwre is another walk twenty feet broad.
^ nter, instead of being on a lerel with
tb nrroondmff coontry, rises up to the brink
*itb force, bobbliog aa it would do under the
^^ of fire; and such iB the abundant
^J^, that aftier issning from an outlet which
M^eis broken on tilie western side, it forms
infiilet,.tiiniine three or four mills in its
P*ng€ towardstiie sea. The ancient outlet,
'»*H<^iped vf, was on the east side, oyer an
^$3edaetwhich eommnnicated with two smaller
csteros, dktant from the larger one a hundred
^ twcBiy paces. One of these is twelTe, the
^ twenty yards square. After supplying
te itBtrroiia, the lAter was oonreyed by an
•qwdaet to the dty of Tyie, whidi stiU is
^i^ahlt in its whole extent. Crossing the
pkin is aa obBque direction, it runs north-
*Bdi for about three milea, till it reaches
t foall enuBenoe, on which is the tomb of
» Azib Btntdn; here it turns westward,
^ preeseds over the isthmus into tiie city.
Iimal places rugged heaps of matter, re-
^^bliQg rocks, appear on its sides aad under
%stha; these are produced by the leakage
^^ wata, which petrifies aa it distils from
*yt> As a work of this magnitude denotes
*^ ittte of prosperity, we may conclude,
^the known history of Tyre, that it was
•Bdertakeo at a Tery remote period. The cir-
^^^taa» of Ae waters riaing aboye the leyel
^ tb phuB makea it presumable that they
^oor source in the mountains, situated
^ » league on the eastward. It is re-
**^ that at the commencement of the
*>t(r «{imox they become turbid, and assume
^itdfiik colour, but after a few days they re-
*^ iheir nsoal clearness. The same phe-
^^*^ is obseryable with respect to some
^nthe continental side of the isthmus,
!J*_^ ate of the ancient city called Palte
vitt, or Old Tyre, to disdn^sh it from tbe
i!!.*^ itooa on the aci^aeent island, al-
ttwQgh ia reahty the latter was the most
«»atofthatwi>.
c ghayn, The nineteenth of the Arabic
Alphabet, baring radically the sound of ff
hard, or gh, or ^m, in English. In arithmetic
it expresses 1000, and denotes quadrature in
the aspects of the stars.
i^li ffhah, A forest, a wood, a thicket,
a groye, the haunt or den of a wild beast
4jU ffhdhat, A forest.
^Ic gh&hiny An impostor, a deceiTer.
•U ghSLfj A cavern, the den of a wild
beast. The laurel.
iiU gh&rat, Rapine, plunder, booty;
'^a hostile incursion into an enemy's country to
carty off spoil or captiyes.
\jm\i' ghdru, A planter.
,cjU gh(l%l, A conqueror, a hero, a
"gallant soldier (especially combating infidels) ;
a general, or leader of an expedition.
j;^U ghdsik, That part of the night
immediately succeeding the erepuscle.
jiU gh&ih, A dissembler, a hypocrite.
LjL\i ghdshigeh, An embroidered saddle-
"coyer. This was usually borne before a king,
and a less costly kind is now often seen on tbe
shoulder of a groom preceding a horseman of
the higher or middle rank in Egypt.
JiU gh&JU, Imprudent, inconsiderate,
incautious, negligent, indolent, inattentiye.
Careless.
i^liyAa^i^, A conqueror. Overcoming,
exoellhig, victorious. Triumphant.
'UU ghaliban. Chiefly, principally.
Apparently, probably.
z ghdh, Dear, precious, valuable.
ajU ghdntm, Laden with spoil*
^U GhdtMh, The city of Ohanah. With
respect to this city, we find sufilcient informa-
tion in the celebrated Abulfeda's Geography.
He says that it is in the twenty-ninth degree of
longitude, and the tenth of north latitude, in
the country of Sudan or Kegritia, and the
residence of the king of the country ; that the
Moorish merchants come there from the west
oyer the Saharah, some fifty dajrs* journey,
and obtain eold-dust there ; that it is situate
on a branch of the Nile, and contains half
Moslemin and half heathens.
^^U ghdwi, A deceiver, seducer.
^U ghdgh, Absent, latent, concealed,
17
J^
(258)
\
y
inYisible. ^M ijM*£> wU cu^ hunt
gha^ihan fjuharai ayfomt I haTe been absent
ten days.
iAa gh&yiUy The end, extremity, tei-
mination. ^U«JJ ^<l£ CmIj cy^^njU
^JLilS,\ 1 JA jJ^ tl^ J^ y^j, So he
stood erect npon his two feet, and said to
Joharah, 0 utmost object of desire, who art
thon, and who brought thee unto this place P
jAe. ghdyr^ Jealous. See jyx.,
aUU phdjfila, Any cause of anxiety or
painful solicitnde.
ghibha, After. U u.^, After
which. |*)LJ1 («-^i After salutations*
^.>-
U£ ghibhan, Seldom, rarely.
j\^ghubdr, Dust. JUs^ ijJLe. l^J^j
UaSUl jLrf . A^. Then we loaded ten
oamelB with presents and marched forward;
but soon there appeared a doud of dust, whidi
aroce and spread until it fiUed the air before us.
fjLc ghahdwaif Inadvertency, stupidity.
ij^ ghabrat, Small dust, fine powder.
^jf£> ghahan. Being weak in mind, liable
to decq>tion. Fraud, cheating. Being negli-
gent, forgetful. Mistaking, erring. Doub-
linff up and sewing part of a garment to make
it snorter. To deceiTe.
^^^ ghahi. Weak in intellect, stupid.
^j^ ghabht, A gull, dupe.
CL^ ghati, Plunging into water head
fbremoet Being afflicted, Taxing.
Jls ghad, The day after. 1«Xc ghadan,
To-morrow. ^tXi Jju, ha^da ghadin,
The day after to-morrow.
tjLfi ghidd, Meaty yictuals, proTisions;
anything eaten at an early dinner.
,1«Xc ghiddar, Fraudulent, perfidious*
A traitor, a cheat
3j\*Xc> ghadddrah, A two-edged sword.
^j^gkadr. Perfidy, firaud, treachery, de-
ceit, maleTolenco, malignity, hostility, injury.
To act perfidiously, to hreaka treaty or agree-
ment ; to persecute. ^ c^^^l JlaJ
hast prolonged a oonTersation that will oi
procure thy liberation. Hope not, therefc^
for thine escape through my means; bi
(remember) reflect upon thy former wickl
conduct, and the pemdj and artifice whu
thou thought to employ against me.
^Sc ghadUw (and !j«Xc), The mominj
coming in the morning. JU!l|^jJ«!'|
Morning and evening. [dio«
j^iXi ghadur, Fraudulent, most perj
jltkt ghadir,A.diU!ih, pool,stagnant watel
t«Xc ghiud, Food, aliment.
gharr, Deceiving, flattering m\
yain hopes, cajoling, coaxing.
\jA ghird, Glue, isinglass.
\j£' gharrd, Bright, shining, splendid.
c^jLi ghirdi, A crow, raven,- rook.
^1^ ghardhaij Strangeness, oddne^
marrellousnesB.
j\jS. ghardr^ A sack of hair-doth.
^^Lfi ghirdi, The season proper f{
planting. The shoot of a palm-tree.
a\j£, ghardtn, Desire, cupidity. Lo
as»I^ /»^K I soothe my heart in n
passion, and conceal it, but mystate shov<
and inteipreteth my love, when my U^
flow, I say, My eye is sore, lest the ceci^
should see and understand my condition,
was free from care, and knew not wh.it M
lore ; hut have become eaamourcHi. and wj
enslaTed heart, I submit my. case to y^
t-'y
(259)
^
eomphining ot my panion and my ecstasy,
that yoQ may pity ms and show mercy. I hare
written it with the tears of my eye, that per-
duoee it may erolain to yoa the lore with
which jou have anected me.
<u1^ ^ktHHwud, A fine, a mulct for
bloodshed.
c^^ gktrdjfib (pL of ^j^), Strange
thi^ narrdlouB tilings.
S^ sMf The setting of the ran ;
the wot Africa.
1j/ ^«4d (pi. of ^'^ij^y, Strangere.
j\ijZ ghkldlf A large sieve.
Jl/ Syrian (pi. of i^]ji), Crows.
f/ Skffiat, Travelling. Being far
<iistBat from eonn^ and Mends. Aeojonming
IW2T from home in ^ strange place, estrange-
ment. ul^i«^Ij tt 9^^^A^^ <j:^w} JJ
^Is*^ «iii^, And I had forgot aU that
I bad lufleied from fiitigne, and ahsenoe from
nj oatiTe comitry, and difficulty, and the
^«7on of travel. I occupied myself with
diii^hii and pleasnrea, deucioos meats and
eiqnuite drinks, and continued in this state.
<J/ /W^, West, western, westerly.
^^vrrai, The most excellent of any-
tUav. The heginning of the month. A
^iire white spot on a horse's forehead, es-
Wmed an ornament.
r jhoroTt AnjtlHBg snbject to the
^« of fortune, or of uncertain ewent.
^I^nzin^ for what is not in our power, as
tJ-^g a bird in the air. Ohurar (pi. of
'/ 9^^^a), The choice, select ones
'< ny kind of tilings. White marks on the
•'f'tfeid. Ornaments, etc
r ?^ Fiercing (with a sword,
'^^t:. or sting). Fixing^ a stake in the
^^ Thrusting the tad into the earth
' ■ 4 -MSBt irhen laying eggs).
rr 9^»h Planting (trees). Ghars
!'♦ (j-^ji), A plant. Ohirt, A
v'.'J2jr plated shoot A proselyte.
Y $hmi (pi. of u^5/^), A design,
' •• "^t :Rt?ctian, end, machination. A butt or
Lark tor archers. *AjIQ £z^\ ^^Ci
♦ UaC^j ♦ LaD U--^ ^<s>-1 \l yJL^Xi
v/^ ♦ ^^j^^ ^r^^ ^^*^ ^
* CS^jS, ^^ai\ , And his sister wept
at his weeping v she was moved with compas-
sion for his case, and pitied him for being a
stranger in a foreign country ; and she said to
him, 0 my brother, be of good heart and
cheerful eye ; for I will expose myself to peril
with thee, and gire my life to content tiiee,
and contriTe for thee a strata^em^ even if it
occasion the loss of my precious things and
my Bovd, that I may accomplish thy desire.
^ u^j UL^imaIj UIjil^ <LrLj.; ^
j^\ ^ juA\)y Then I resolved, and
arose, and bought for myself goods and com-
modities and merchanmze, with such other
things as are required for travel, for my mind
had consented to my performing a sea-voyage.
^j^j^ ghargharat, The sound of boiling
water. A ffarwism. A gurgling sound in
the throat, the death-rattie, a gargle.
^jjC ghturfatf One draught. Ghurfat, A
parlQur, hall, or other apartment for supping.
^j^ gharh, A shipwreck, drowning. To
^.
^/••v •
be drowned.
i^jaj jUs^I Jl^ fJ^ji y I was among
the number of those who remained behind
upon the island, so I sank into the sea ; but God
(whose name be exalted!) delivered me, and
saved me from drowning, and supplied me
with a great wooden tub, and I laid hold
upon it, and got into it, induced hy the sweet-
ness of life, and beat the water with my tVet
as with oars. ^ i^-jLs?' l*Xto (J-^t^i
* * ^
A.M0
\
cT*^ ^Ji^ CT^J oj^ ' cT* c^^ ^
d^\:i^^yj^\ i^\^JJ^i Put this seul-
!;*
(260)
[mi
ring upon thy finger, and thou wilt be tecnre
from Owning and other accidents, and from
the mischief and noxiouroeaa of the beaata of
the sea and ita whales.
j^j£. gharm, A mulct.
VtjS. (pi. of *£yi)» Creditors. The aggre-
gate body of a bankrupt's creditors.
^^y•Ji ghurmUl, Penis crassior, non eir-
enmoisoB. Veretrmn eqninam.
^jji ghurnh, The west. Setting (as
ihe sun). <?\ jJl ^i \jjui^ ^^/^
^j0*aJ^\ l^^j£.^j\^] f And I meditated
upon some means of gaining an entrance into
it. The close of the day and the setting of
the sun had now drawn near.
jjj£. ffhurUr, Pride, haughtiness, pre-
sumption, yain-glory, ranity. Fallacy, deceit.
ibon deceivest him whom thon seest, he whom
thou dost not see will deceire thee.
^^ji- ghurHih (pi. of ^Ji^ ghursh),
Piastres (valne about fid.). [moon.
XjC ffhurrah, The first day of the new
u^.j-^ gharib (fern. ^j-^)> A foreigner,
a stranger. Exotic, uncommon, wonderful,
admirable, extraordinary. k^^^\
^^^s^il^ (prorerb), A stranger is like
a blind man. ^^r^^j^ ^^ lJj^ ^^'
har It amnoh fharli. It appears to me that he
is a foreigner.
[•j^
^UU L^^jiT^j yd lako min amrin gha-
rib wa ^ajlh Ul ghayahf Oh ! what a strange,
and, at tiie same time, wonderful thing !
jlje> gharlr, Simple, deceived, inexpe-
rienced. A raw youth, easily imposed upon.
i^JjC^ gharliat, Nature; anything agree-
able to nature.
k^jij^ ghan%l, Innate, natural.
^j^gharikj Immersed, drowned. Sunk.
MijC gharim (pi. U^), An adversary.
\^ gha%a (or ii\ji), War, battle, an ex-
pedition against infidels. Victory, any heroic
achievement. i\jh ghu%dt, Warriors,
''ers, heroes, champions.
J>
JUe ghawSl, A young deer just able to
walk. A fiiwn. Ohtttud, A Tender of oottoo
thread.
ii\^ ghmdlat. The sun, light, rays; es-
pecially the sun's meridian lustre.
lf\jc ghuMdf Soldiers.
ifjc Ohamahy Gaza, in Palestine, fill}
miles from JerusaleuL It was an entre^ f h
the caravans passing betweon Syria and Egrpi
Man/, soap. Bitp, 16,000. This plsce is evi;
mentioned in Scripture, and was one of tit
chief cities of the Philistines. Gaza prodiice
dates like Mecca, and pomegranates like Algia>
fj£ ghnar, Being plentiful, aboasdio|
(cattle in milk).
jc. ghoul. An ode, an epigram. Fro
perly a poem on the subjects of love andwint
intennnied with moranty and satire, ne^e
exoeedinff eighteen distiehs, nor leu than tit*'
the last une of each couplet ending vith 6
same letter in which the fint disticb riip&a
Qhazl, Thread, twist
^je, ghtaldn (pi. of Jlji), Gazelles. Oi
the eastern frontiers of Syria are seTenlplsn
allotted for the hunting of guellcs. i^
places are called moMyadeh. They oooEist «|
an open space in the plain, about one mile tsi
a half square, inclosed on three sides by a ^i
of loose stones, too high for the gazelles i
leap o?er. In different parti of this wail ^p
are purposely left, and near eachgap a (U|
diten is made, on the outside. Tne 'm\o^^
space is situated near some riTulet or spnrj
to wfakh, in summer, the gaadles nant
When the hunting is to bes^ many pcaaul
assemble, and watch till Suj see a beni j
gazelles advancing from a mstance toTar'
the indosure, into which they drive th€B
The gazelles, frightened by the shoutiof tbfl
people, and the discharge of firearms, en^^^
vour to le^i oyer the wall, but can only eiftj
this at the raw, whore they fall into the diu'
outside, and are easily taken, sometimtf I
hundreds. The chief of the herd alwayi lea
first, the others follow him one by one. T
gazelles thus taken are immediatelr killti
and their flesh is sold to tiie Arabs and towv
people.
^Jc ghoMw, Making war, fighting.
c^ljji ghiautwdtt Holy wars.
^^Ji ghaaawl, Warlike, heroic, militir
jj£ ghmlr (fem. ^Ji), Copious, pk
"tifuL
jUi ghawdk, The horrible sweat «
putrefaction which is to exude in hell fin
the bodies of the damned.
Jll^ ghati&l, One whose houness it
to wash the bodies of the dead.
(261)
)U
AJLi gauciaht A washing woman.
ZiLi ghmdkt, Dirty water with which
anjthin^ has been washed.
J^gha^md ^j\L^, Bark (night).
Gmi, Tlie darkoeas, eapecially at the begin-
ning of the flight just alter twilight.
^^glmlf Washing, performing ahla-
tifrns. To wash a dead body canonically.
Then he washed hia hands and thanked them
fof tha; and the master of the house then
^d, Thou art welcome, and thy day is blessed ;
▼hat is thy name, and what is thy profession P
^ms. ghtuul. Anything naed in wash-
is^ the hands (as water, soap, eCo.).
s}'^ gJuuHl (fern. ^LL^^f), Washed,
ashing.
\J^ ghiih^ Deceiving, dissembling, using
^ ^retenc». Adulterating, covering oyer,
(^konng. Ohithy Fraud, vice, treachery, dis-
amolatioa, hatred.
l^ gUiiha, The membrane of the brain,
^^ peiiGardinm. The coyering of a sword,
saddle, etc. [aight, pnrblindness.
h>Li gkishdwai, A dimness in the eye-
»'^'^ ghoihanuham, Intrepid, steady,
^ittTering, constant, obstinate, stubborn,
ii-li ghathwat, A veil, a covering.
^s^ glmhaydn, A fainting fit.
"r^ ghuh/fU, Fainting, swooning. Ji
ijW^
w*^^^' \j^f Then he recovered his
^ttitUid he looked to the right and left;
^ iiv no one in the desert, and he feared
"T hoaelf on account of the wild beasts.
»-r-« g^l, Seizing violently, ravish-
^- lacting, plundering ; compelling one to
^ghun, A branch, of a tree.
m
sj^ i^addy Casting down (the eyes),
fe/yi!ij» (jjjg yoice). Checking, prohibitaon :
^ jAdoi, Bage, anger.
oneself, enduring anything dis-
ghaddbuUah, The wrath of God*
bigfkadabin, In a rage. jUuxil l^
^J\Ja4^f The anger of lovers is
like a spring rain. \j\ ^^j^^ ^^y ^
l^jct J^\9 Then we will bid her
farewell, and I will return with thee ; for I
fear that, if I took thee and went without
her permission, she would be incensed against
me ; and she would be right.
^Loi ghadban (fem. ajL«di), Enraged.
^j^ gha^f Detaining, retaining, keep-
ing back ( a man) . Qhadan (pi. }^y^ \
A wrinkle, a plait, a fold. \^y^ ^
Lli3ii, In the mean time, then.
jii^. ghadanfar, A lion. An intrepid,
strong man ; a hero, a champion.
L^y^ ghaduh, Enraged, choleric.
Ike ghitd (pi. ijlail), A covering, a veil.
^jjwJai ghats, Plunging or throwing (into
water), immersing oneself..
j\as. ghqffar, One who pardons.
^^jAS' ghufran, Pardon, remission. A-lc
ii>!^!^ u;lr^^^ ^J^* -^^y ^^ ^^®®®
and pardon all his sins.
Jifi ghafaly Carlessness, want of care and
circumspection, want of yigilance, negligence.
iSsLs. ghqflat or ghqflah, Imprudence, care-
lessness, negligence, indolence, forgetfulness,
inadvertence, ilsic. ghq/latan, Impru-
dently, incon8iderately,unexpectedly, unawares,
etc.
j^ ghafur, One who forgives, Clement.
i^AxS\ u-01, The most merciful God.
J^ ghufal, Neglecting, neglect.
J^i ghafal, Negligent, careless.
jJlz ghafir, Numerous, many.
jji ghilh Hatred, malice, envy, malevo-
lence, perfidy, fraud, treachery. OhuUy Ex-
treme tbirst. A yoke (for oxen) ; the pillory
(for men) ; a collar or anything put round the
neck, of iron, wood, or leather. A fetter, a
chain. [want, dearth.
ic ghddi Being dear, precious. Scarcity,
r^
(ses)
u«
'SU ffhaHdh, Gonquering often.
CL^li ffhaHat, Com, grain in general,
all sorts of grain.
uJlc ghUdf, The sheath of a aword or
knife. The prepuee. Cone, corer, lid.
^J^lc ghildzat, Coarsenesa, rudeness,
clumsiness.
/Xe> ghiddm, A boy, a servant, a slave.
u-^Jx ghaih or ghalab, Conqaering, ex-
celling. Victory, dominion.
*J^ ghdldbat or <uLc ghalahah, Victory,
conquest, superiority, power, dominion. Pre-
ponaeraoce. [harvest, produce.
^S^ghaUat orghaJlah, Com, grain, fruits,
ili ghiUat, Thirst very strong. Lj j|^l
v/^ ^i'^.' ^jj^ j^ ^.v c:>'>
Or an affable roan whose aspect might inspire
me with confidence, and fmose couTersation
might relieve or quench my thirst.
iaii ghalat, An error, blunder, solecism,
barbarisuL laUlb 3ti^Ada^, By mistake.
Pardon ^y brother if he is quite wrong even
in insulting thee, (as it may be that) he hits
thee by mistake.
^dii , Galata, a suburb of Constantinople,
on the N. side of the Golden Horn. It is in-
closed by walls, which have numerous gateways,
shut at sunset It is the principal seat of we
foreini trade of the Turkish capital, and is
inhabited mostly by European Christians. In
it is the custom-house for the port of Con-
stantinople.
aIxIlc ghalghalah, A noise of many voices
or sounds mixed.
b.jui^^a&i/)Theprepuoe; uncircumcised.
^JLi ghuifai, The prepuce.
J^ ghalk, Shutting (a door). A bolt,
bar, lock, chain, or any £utening of a door.
(^jr^f ^0 one keepeth a secret but a
faithful person : with the best of mankind it
remainetb concealed. A secret is with me aa
in a house with a lock, the key of which is lost
and th^ door sealed.
^Uii ghUmdn (pL of aIU), Boys.
^Jojy UJ5tf liU«j e:^\ J>lj
L^j Uyuu^^ ClJkcS^j IXgiiiCj IjUIi
he found within the house a grnt giiden
wherein he beheld pages, slaves, sentsti,
and other dependents, and such things as did
not exist elsewhere, save in the abodes of kings
and sultans. '
^ ghaUahf The fruits or produce of agri-
culture, com; the income arising from ut
property in mortmain or in tail.
^Jlc ghah (or jjUii), Boiling, i-li
ghalyatf One boiling or ebullition.
h j..l»j^ ghah», Grross, rude, rogg^.
rough, rustic, ijjs^ J-^^ ^^^f
S-^]^l ^j\^ \J^ C^^ i^
And I found the root of a large tree, sroimd
which I dug, and as I was rei ' '
from it (the root), the axe
ring of
JJ^ ghahl, Thirsty, one who has the
greatest thirst. J--.^ <— ^/^ \j^
m I
J-U!i;^U,^^ JJjJl, Shehadeyes
as though they were bordered witii coUp^^
heavy hips, and slender waist. She was sucb
as would cure the malady of the sick, and ex-
tinguish the fire of the thirsty.
I»x gham, Grief, affliction, anxiety, dis-
tress, care, solicitude, sorrow, sadness, tngaislii
melancholy, e^/j ^y ^jJ ^.
<uLj\ ^ iS^^ LJ iFjju ^^ CAJ'
JjJu£Jl^tj ^\y Ji\, And he had
not been blessed with a male ohiM to inherit
the kingdom after him, as he had inherited it
fix>m hiB fathers and foreiathen ; so this suu
of things caused him the utmost grief, the
greatest anxiety, and the most violent vexaUun.
jU^ ghammd%, An informer, accuser, de-
tractor, sycophant, tale-bearer.
^\i ghimdmat, Clouds over^reading the
sky. Jijjstj {^>*Jl£>^ (^/M^b V;V
Afld
JuUc ^jM^Jii] ^^^ 'U- ^j
Jf-
(263)
I fon wu hidden, and the sky became
dtrk, and the ran wu TeQed from me ; I
therefeie imignud that a doiid had come oyer
the SDL
•x^^iARi, Sheathing (a sword). w«jsr]t
^ \} u^ ^ yajma^ tayfdni ft
m
;kadu,Two Bwoida cannot be in one sheath.
^.^jW, (Water) corering, oyerflowing.
ijtfhmni, A great body of water ; a
^ioripooL Advenity, misfortane.
^i^/Aan^Makiog a sign (with the eye).
i/Shmut, A wink or signal with the
^; ID tnorooi gianee.
j^lhmir (pL of^), Whirlpools.
*^ShmiM (pL of 4x),' Cares.
^fh^y Fainting, swooning.
m
•^jkindf A song.
^^ Slmapm (pL of ^U^if), Spoils,
^y^'(or-p.Li),Theamoroas glance,
?nafiil vilkfOr alluring air of a lorely woman.
ti^Skmumy Sheep, cattle, a flock.
j^^AMa*, Sufficiency, comfortable cir-
'aungtsnoes, riches, richness, wealth.
^/^t 0 then who lookest upon
y^^ H if it were a di^raoe, wilt thon not
^ idnomdifld ? The dia^paoe of wealth ii
|^^*^f if thon takeat it into consideration.
TsoQ vilt peraeiTe ^nat poverty has an im-
aa« adfmtage and superiority over wealth,
^l^diiDbejest God to become rich, whilst
^ ^ aerer £aobey God to become poor.
^ ^Aoa, Rich, copious, abundant.
^^fhrnamai. Plunder, booty, spoil,
^. Alnndanoe, wealti^ plenty, afflaenoe
^y^^modnl (pi. of ZjU), Singers.
i/VlWdyf7(pl. of i!jli),Mi8fortunes.
^ antes of anxiety or pre-ooenpation.
,:«^fWf,I)epth,profundity,low ground.
^ pbia, a ▼•]]«« ; whenoe Phcenicia and a
P^'^'^iiMe ia Anna.
^^yi. ghawi^ Diving, plunging under
water to brin? anything np. Stadying any
snlijeGt to the bottom.
iiffys, ghatat, Soft ground, planted, and
well watered. The country round Damascus.
li^ ghawffhd, A noise, cry, tumult, cla-
mour, contest, squabble, quarrel, debate.
J^ gh€Ll, An imaginary sylvan demon,
A gorilla.
f^^ ffhawa*, Seducing, deceiving.
^ghaify Erring, straying, beiogdeceived.
(.^Li^^ydi, Absenoe. L.j^-^f^ ^ IfJ Ui
UL^ ^\ f\A\ h^ J^ }i\:J^s^y\
(•U ^\ ^ J>1 sAz c:^lf , They
(fem. pi.) therefore asked her respecting the
cause of nis sickness ; and she answered them,
Its cause was our absence from him, and our
learing him desolate ; for these days, daring
which we were absent from him, were to him
longer than a thousand yean.
i.l;Li ghiffds, Assbtance, succours. Sup-
port, prop.
i__- ^- ^- ghayh^ Absence, invisibility,
mystery, anything in the womb of futurity.
Being absent, etc.
^^ ghaylat, Absence. d>^.A^«M7 Jtij
JjUs^ «<m*a3^ hoAJL^t I was restless
on account of her absence; sleep could not
oTeroome my anxiety ; my eyes, however, were
closed, but my spirit was awake.
Ju j^ ghayhubtU, Absence.
^^^ghayhly Concealed, invisible, f ature,
fittal, heaTenly, divine.
cl*^ ghayif Bain.
ghayr. No, not; except. Beside.
Another, diiferent ThU word before any
at^'eetive hat the eame primatwe effect at the
fgllahles un, m, dis, etc. ^Is^^^,
Insincere, impure, ^^jt^p Besides
that Although, notwithstanding, j^
jSU>, IllegaL c^U^ J^, An un-
worthy action. J.^1^^, Imperfect.
L^^::^*^, Unexpected. i^jUcl/^^,
Unequal. yC^^j^, Unfhiitful. . '
(264)
C
u
Jjfc^, TTnuBualy eztraordinaiy.
(^^M, TJnconqnered. *xJutj^, Use-
less. Juiu^, Not far distant.
f^]j^ ghayrdn, Jealous of honour, mag-
nanimous, zealoiu ; tobejealous, to be zealous.
ij^i^ ghyratf Jealousy, envy; a nice
sense of honour, magnanimity, courage, gene-
rosity of mind ; emuEition, seal. To be jetuous.
\j\ ^\)\ il^ U yflJ\ ^^ Li5l\
^laA^li AfJ) ^ji j\^li \,xJ^ (juskJI
J Jill j^j Lad! ^^^1, We were
jealous even of the zephyrs which passed orer
you ; but when the divine decree is uttered the
eye becomes blind! What resource has the
archer when, in meeting the enemy, he de-
sireth to discharge the arrow, but findeth his
bow-string broken? And when adTernties
are multiplied upon man, where shall he find
refuge from fate and firom destiny ?
U^ ghayruhdf ft^ji^t ^r*^ (comp. of
j^ and the affixed pronouns, and some-
times preceded hy j, as Xjbj^^y etc.).
And the others, the rest, the abore-mentioned.
^ J^^ JbjJb i}-^*>^\^ ^ji^^ c:^Jil^
^L:^ l^Jarwlj, I have resolved to take
jewels, consisting of jacinths and other pre-
cious stones, and convey a present befitting
him, and demand her of him in marriage.
5^-^^iLaill^ L^ill J Vv.^' cT-
He filled the seven palaces with every kind of
magnificent fumitiu'e of silk, and vessels of
gold and silver, and utensils of every kind
and variety that kings could reouire, and
commanded his daughter to reside in each
palace for a certain space of time in the
year, and then to remove to another of them,
^j . cy>;.^Uir ^ ^)\ JUj
* ^ ' ts LS «^ti>y ^ , I ask the wind
respecting you, whenever it bloweth, asd ii<n
but you ever oocurreth to my nund.
ghaytf Anger, wrath. iMt^J^ll
kasi mtfl-ifhayZf One who subdues his nflsj
anger. JU^ ^iS CSSaA ^^ UJ
ij ^^ ^dic Jl^j \ Ju J^ lljui tbi
And when the king heard the words of Salel
he was violentiy enraged; his reaaon almoj
departed, and his soul almost quitted his bod)
jf^ghaym (col, oiij^ ghaymat), Cloudj
i^y^ghuyuh (pi. of (.-.^)» Innaibl^
ji^ac ghayyUr, Jealous in point of lot
or honour, high-minded. Zealous.
4^ /a. The twentieth letter of t^
Arabic alphabet, expressing 80 in arithmet
and, in almanacs, the moon in her altitude.
^\3 fatih, A conqueror. ila^li {\
^f J),The beginning, exordium, coii
* mencement. Opening. Introduction, prem
dfi^U fdtihah, The opening diapter
the Eur* an, generally used as the condadii
prayer at devotions, and repeated over peopI<
graves. It is with Mussulmans like the /#•
Ifoster vrith Christiana.
J\3fdtir, Weak, languid, remiss. Tepi
lukewarm water.
(JioU fdtik, Intrepid, strong. A robbi!
^U/a^tn, A tempter, aprover,aseduc
from rectitude.
I
j>-\ifdjtr (fem. ij>-\i), Insolent, i
adulterer, a fornicator.
(jAk^-li fdhM, Shameful, base, meg
diahonest, wicked, obeoene, impudent ; eol
XDous, exceeding bounds (in anything ba^
ugly, defonned. [nable cnl
iiM^\i fdhishaif A whore. An aboii
^^^^a>-\i fdhis, An examiner. ^^
L^^\, (God) the searcher of heaii
^c^li/aMtr, Precious, valuable, excelle
honourable,diatingui8hed. iy^\i ial^
A rich dress presented by Eastern ptinoM
those whom tney mean to honour.
.u
(265)
W
li
;liy^, ICse. jU/bt, PogitiTe. Sj\i
/«< A fanile moaae.
{jiijifirii, Eoneman, a caraliar. i<-^^t
Feniu, Penie. t^\j J\ J^^ UJj
vfaa beairifedst the gate of the palace,he saw
tiie nn of hk oncie, hu relations and tribe, and
T.^ neo, who were more than a thouBand
iaoMa, eoYcred with iron, and with coati
•A Ettil pat one orer another, and having in
*Jdr liadi spcBB and bright swords.
irj^/^, hakrjarit, or ^^jsi\^^^ hahr-
t^'fm, Hie Peisian Gnlf. The Persian Gulf
vas tiie CQitTB of the most extensive com-
ceite of ^ sndent Eastern world* This
c^Asote extaided itself from India to Enrope
t^jtk£Dphiatesand Palmyra, and the Per-
B& Golf vss tile principal point of onion.
It was ia this Golf that the Tynans carried on
I f^aiduag trade from the most remote ages,
i£J tt ules of Tttos and Arados are suffi-
cdt proofr of tne settlements they made
^ Solomon sought the alliance of the
Tfraia: be itood in need of their pilots to
rile hii venek to those places which they
^^j frequented, and to which they re-
pBred from their port of Phcenicnm Oppidnm
'« tlie Bed Sea. It was with a view of com-
nsiaibg witii the Persian Gulf by a
^imer or more secore route that Solomon —
t^gnstyWiie, and commercial prince — ^turned
l^itteotioo towards the Euphrates (on which
* fitoated HosD-jaber, or the Ezion-jeber of
U Bible, which was beliered to be a sea-port of
'-^ Bed Sea, bat which the author disooTered
i^beioitead a port for the Euphrates' navi-
P^ to the Persian Gulf), and carried his
csi to Palmyra, which is so remote from the
^'^^suy Units of Judea. He built strong
'3^ there to leeoie himself in the possession
A Tadao, which signifies the Place of Palm-
^ Pilnma must, from that period, have
^^^^maiderable city. If after the reign of
^^fttoQ Ae Assyrians of Nineveh turned
ttsriabitioaB views towards Chaldea and
«>*^ part of the Euphrates, it was with
ttauatioa to approach that great source of
2«««-the Persian Gulf. If Babylon,
■^bdigthe vassal of Kiseveh, in a short
OattKoae her rival, and the seat of a new
^ijn, it vai because her situation rendered
^ ^ eoponnm of this lucrative trade ; in
^ if the kings of Babylon waged perpetual
'«n vith Jensalem and Tyre, their object
ttfooi only to deq;K>il those cities of their
ncaes, hot to prevent them Invading their
^"SBcnehjtfaewayoftheBed Sea. Here
let the ministers of Hia lomerial Mijesty the
Sultan open their eyes ; for if they do not
secure the natural course of the commerce of
Europe with India by a railway through the
Euphrates Valley, now that the Suez Canal is
open, in a few years all the towns of North
Syria will be deserted and ruined, and travel-
lers will then show their sites, saying. Here
existed Aleppo, and here existed Uama and
Homs ; as tney say now, Here existed Ghalcis,
here existed Seleucea, and here was once
Ceesarea and Cana of Galilee. — ^Extract from
**The Syro-Mesopotamian Railway.'*
l^jM farigh, Empty. ^j\i 1 JJJh (•1^31
alkalam hakasa farigh^ It is idle (absurd) to
speak thus.
jjli fariky Disoeming, distinguishiiig,
deciding. One who discerns, etc.
iaJj^U Faraldlt, The Comforter (the
Holy Ghost). [sort of treacle.
J^j\i/anih (or jjjU J^iy), The best
9j\i fdrah (pi. ^\jii), A mouse.
{jM\ifd8, A hatchet, an axe.
^jjj fu, Fez, A city of Morocco, Africa,
situate about 85 miles to the S. of the Mediter-
ranean. It was built in 793, by a prince of
the name of Edris, and soon became the chief
aty of all the western Mahometan states, dis-
tinguished both as a school of learning and as
a resort of religion. It is situate in the hol-
low part of a vaUey, and the gardens, orchards,
and orange-groves seen around it, form a most
delightfiu amphitheatre. On a height above
the rest of the city stands New Fez, founded
in the 13th century, and forming a well-built
town, surrounded by beautiful gardens, and,
by its situation, commanding the old. It is
cniefly inhabited by Jews. The finest edifice
is the mosque El Caroubin, built during the
most flourishing period of Fez, with 300 pil-
lars, and numerous fountains. It has alio a
tower containing globes and astronomical in-
struments. The city contains many caravan-
saries, or inns, called fondaques, which are
tolerably convenient. They are two or three
stories high, with galleries towards the court,
which is always in the centre, and by which
Ught is admitted into the apartments. The
principal houses have cisterns under them;
They nave also flat and terraced roofi^ ele-
ganUy constructed, on which carpets are spread
for their inhabitants to enjoy the coolness of
evening. All the magnificence is in the in-
terior. The hospitals, once numerous, have
now in a neat measure fallen to decay. The
shops make no handsome appearance, and
should rather be called stalls; there being
just room for a sedentarv Moor, who never
stirs, but has his baskets neaped around him.
The markets are much crowded, being the re-
sort of all the wandering Arabs, who here
pnrchue their foreign and manufactured
.\i
(266)
C/\i
articles. Man/, Morocco leather, carpetB,
silks, woollens, jewelry, earthenware, and
saddlerj. I^. estimated at 80,000, bat is not
now supposed to contain more than 40,000.
Xfl*. 84* 6' r N. zon. 6" rirw.
^li fdtikhf part. Diflsolving, breakiDg,
Dnrsting, cormpting. A yiolator.
i^nsAj f&sikhiyat, Bissolvableness.
(Xrfli fdM, Yicious, corrapted, perverse.
^^*^\a foMiyai, Comiptness.
fjJ<i fOiikf A scoundrel, a prevaricator.
^^\if(5i8h, Manifest, clear, public. That
which has transpired, oozed out, got wind.
^li faahl, Divulged, diffused, made
** known, propagated, multiplied,
J-tfli /fiM7, Separating, distinguishing,
discerning the difference, deciding. A separa^
tor. Any thine separating one from another,
distinguishing between the true and false re-
ligion. The end of a verse or period in the
Aloonm ; ako the find of a poetic distich.
J^li fadU (fern. JlLpU), 1^r«olL».t
And when the kine heard his words, he laughed
so in derision of Mm that he fell backwards,
and said to him : 0 my grie^ 0* my affliction,
0 Saleh, I used to think thee a man of good
sense, and an excellent youtii, who attempted
not aught but what was rights and utterednot
aught out what was just.
^li falir, The Creator, Maker, God.
^Jo\ifat%n, Intelligent, penetrating.
Jis^U fd^, part. Making. An agent.
Maker, doer. The participle active.
j\s^^ Jfili^Afij, Divine predestina-
tion. ^\i, Effective, efficient, ile,
a-lcli. An efficient cause. JiiUll^l,
In grammar, noun denoting the agent.
i^AsSifd^iyahf Efficacy, efficaciousness,
efficiency. ^U^kc ^JlcU 4l \mSi\ 1 jjh
hazaddatca ioAu fa^iyah \azlmah^ This
medicine has great efficacy. ^}^a^
kalamikafaiiliyah ^MimaA, Your word* hj
produced the best impression.
iiU/aAa^, Poverty, necessity. j-^l|
<^li^ XjAij ^lp^\ ^, TheKlj
leefeh, when he heard his redtation, said
Jaafar, Obsenre this poor man, and coBaj
these verses; for they indicate hisneoes^
want, and indigence.
^^J\3fdkiriyah, The faculty of thinkij
Pre-occupation of the mind, ^t ^
^^UIl ij\k) \jj^ hanLdl khdbar Mj
rana higKayai ulfakiriyah^ This neirs cxi
us a great pre-occupation of mind.
i^\3 fdkihat (pi. 6^\^\ Emit. Sy
produces every kind of fruit, especislly
following : ^j»*^^ jahas, or >Lj &
iikh. Water-melon. jLc\ :^ ha^
oifa/r, The yellow melon. J^ J
Banana. ^J^j rwnmdn^ Pomegrana
-II; tuffdh^ Apple. 4^/u^ hmd
or ^j^s^ ii/^d%y Pear, i^/^ w/
jai,y Quince. \JujJL^ mtwAmtMA, A
cot. ^^5^0 d%rrdkin^ Peach (
in Egypt ^^ khokh), ^ tin, F
JifA>>- jummeyz, Sycamore-fig.
^onab, grape. ^\^\ lydt, Plu
t->ux ^nndh, Jujube. J^/»i ^
nut. jji losLf Almond, jxj htmd\
Hazel-nut Ji^ fwiuk, Pistach
nut. ^^ji hurtakdn, Orange. ^
ndrinff, Seville-orange. ^ ^y
hmun halu, Sweet-Lemon. ^^
^^U- ftmfin hdmid, lime.
kahbdd, Citron. iZJy ini, Mnlber
UJriJ *^^^^9 Olive. ^^ 4,,,^.ni hi
sukkar, Sugar-cane, etc., etc. Tn]i
Saida, and Jaffa produce the bestoranges in I
world; Beirut, figs Hke those of Maneiil
Saida, bananas not inferior to those of
Domingo; Aleppo enjoys the exdusiTeadn
u^
•u
(267)
t^
tage of prodiMtBg putaehios, and Danuttciu
n»j boHts of poMsmig all the fruits known.
iToif sorti of apiiootB are reckoned there,
tbe itoBe of one of which oontaini a kernel
bigUj nined tbroqgh all Turkey.
^uU)l i4\ifikihat «/ iAti20/cl, The fruit
of tlteKbalik This is the title of an excel-
kat mnl wwk written hy the oelehrated Ihn
Anbibh. Hub woriL is much esteemed hy
tbelonii vorid in general, and hy the AraM
a pattolir, ai it is free and exempted from
Ibi fsal mnriamnation of works of amuse-
□£at 01 Mmt of the moral lessons which
j'i/s(in omen, an n^giny, presage.
EBdactmeat, necromancy. Anytiitaig taken
MSB ooea, psrticQlarly in the nature of liie
Soitsi Virgilians. JU!\ J^ faOmd
f^hmntaj one of certain books, and
t«^ & int won! of tiie page as an augury ;
vto ae iBj other kind of augury.
f^Mif The palsy, paralysia.
]}lfiiik, SpUtting. Creating.
*<j/MMid, Bat as for. ^^yx^lu^JJ[
^j Ji^^jit J U\ UU IL; 4! , Joseph
Nfafor hiaiadf a house ; as for me, I cannot
^^/oaiis, The ancient Apamea. This
f-ttt fif fonnsrir one of the most celebrated
"Bittof Sjrit. It was there that the Seleu-
V bid established the school and nursery of
uO'aTilij. The soil of the neighbourhood,
^^*^ag in pasturage, fed no less than thirty
r^^^ °>>n>i three thoneand stallions, and
fct^NBsad eknhants ; but now the manhes
« rtnia teaieefy affoid sufficient pasturage
b I fev bofUoes and ^eep. [thorn.
rf'^finui, A pharoB, lightbonae, lan-
f^^si, Pndl, transitory, inconstant
f'' fiyik (fern. IsrM), Biffoaing
^. (PL ^y), Fragrance, perfume.
^^ f^jfidat, or faytdah, Profit, gain,
«%, adFsntage. ^^^^i*iS6^\
^ <r* ^fi'*dah yakun ti mm haad,
j^«^ adTaotBge will that be to me P
'^ A'v, Overtaking, obtaining with
**"*• OTercoming. j^\ij\3fdta
He obtained the Tiotory with great
^^fiffid, Aboadant, overflowing,
>fti€nt, ezobeiant, exoeUent. ^\i
)y'\ Lamixioas.
^U fSiifik, Saperior, super-excellent
^juAi\^^\ifSLffikultabl^ah, Sapematu-
ral. Ss\ ^\i fayik mI had, Immense.
4jjU fdyikiyah, Saper-excellenoy.
^U^f. Ziiili ^ r^\ ^«3Jb Aoxd/ amr
lahufdykiyah ^folmaht This thing has
a great saperiority. ^ ^UiSt l«3Jb
moMh lahufayikiffot lazimah fjUa* kumathak.
This stuff or doth has a great superiority oyer
your cloth. ^ ^^ ^^ ^ c:^l^^
♦ ^li c-^j|^ ♦/\^ jSft CL>U * JUfll^,
And he had a daughter of sniprising beaoly
and loTeliness, surpassine in elegance and in
CTery grace, endowed with abundant sense and
eminent polite accomplishments.
JjU fHyilf Two veins in the thighs.
The flesh of the side, or hollow part of the hip.
(JL^ faU, Breaking, crumbling.
iZj\sj Jutdt, A crumb, a fragment
^^faitdh, A conqueror, a judge. God
the opener of the means of welfiffe.
^\ii fattdsh, An exact inquirer.
^Ii5 fattdihy JLfflii fattdihat, A rocket.
A sky-rocket
Cfci fidtdh (pi. of Cl<;li), Those who
murder by surprise; those who attack un-
awares, and treacherously destroy another.
^ycAfattdly A rope-maker.
^Jc3 /0^^ii,Maliciou8,Tillanous, &ctious,
seditious. [matches.
J!\i3 fiOdyU (pi. of ZLii), Wicks,
AJvi futiat, Anything crumbled.
^ fath, An opening, aperture. Victory,
conquest, the taking of a city (or
^[flsai), The Arabian vowel Eat-ha {^).
To open a door. 4^1^ \^\j J-J A}f J
U\ Jii u^w«j is^\, Then he
kissed her head, and lus heart was comforted,
and his bosom became dilatsd, as he had been in
fear of his sister on account of his baring
opened the door.
\J
(268)
l^
jii JUr, The distance between the
stretched-ont tips of the thumb and fisger.
5/i JUrat (pi. vl^'l/i), Languor, de-
bility, relaxation, remiflsion, intermission. An
interregnnm, an interval of time between two
apostles or prophets.
Jh^ fatak, Being plentiful (season).
Aurora, the dawn. Being open, large, patent.
Fatk^ Opening, loosing; breaking, sputting,
bursting (as sewing).
u.xJ fatk, Attacking unawares, and
treacherously destroying another.
J:^ fatl, Spinning, twisting a rope.
fj^ fain, Tempting, throwing tempta-
tions in the way. Exciting sedition. Seducing.
Making mad (as a woman her loTer).
i^JUnat (pi. ^J^)i Sedition, insurrec-
tion, tumult, mutiny, discord, disturbance, re-
bellion. Treachery, fraud, perfidy, viUany,
knavery. A crime, wickedness. Temptation,
seduction, anything diverting a man from his
duty. Joc^aJI uiUl ^\ ^^ Uii
\j\ 1\ WjlUll U, l».l, And when
he heard that the Idnff Essemendel had been
seized, he turned his back in flight, fearing
for himself, and said in his heart, Verily this
disturbance originated on my account, and
none is the object of search but myself.
\tpj for (jTjli /a^tra', A judicial or reli-
gious decree (pronounced by a Mufti). A
legal opinion delivered by tne proper legal
functionary (the Mufti) upon any supposed
case submittea to him.
^fj fatah, Having open eyelids.
Fuiuh (or c:^l».jii), Yictories, con-
quests, taking of towns.
jf3 fiitur, Weakness^ languor, debility*
j^ faU^, A youth, a boy.
A:uii fatita, A dish of the desert, consist-
ing of an unleavened paste of flour and water,
and mixed up with a little butter.
iJ^ faiil, A match for a cannon or
lamp, a linstock, a candle-wick. A tent for
wounds. iJuii (pi. Ji^)^ A match.
f fyV> Unripe fruit.
\sf fafd and if'ls^. Happening unex-
pectedly; rushing upon and destroying un-
^(fuU, An unforeseen icdds
Suddenly, unexpectedly.
^ W jy'aj, Open and easy (a way 1
tween mountains).
i>-\jsf fiifdjat, Crudity, rawness.
t I
^^^<s? fuj&yi, Unforeseen, oasaaL
jS^ fajW^ The crepuade, the da^
jsr\ (w^jy Early in the mornil
jsr! v.^j^> The morning star, j
c^ol^>^-ikdsa, The fidse daybre
after which darkness is said to fall i^
J jUj^ fijr-sadih. The true da^
the break of day. ^\ju -dJ\ liy
We prayed to Ood and entreated him,
the wind did not cease blowing with
greatest violence, and the waves agiti
till day-break ; then the wind ceased, t)M
became calm, and afterwards the son aros
JjB? Jujl (or ^lLc*), a radish.
jygf fajnr, Very wicked, adulterj
Fi0ur, Deviation, wickedness, adultery,
luxury, lying, viUaDy, impiety, dcpn*
corruption. [course or ad
fahsh, Obscenity, shameful
fahs, Examination, inFestigat
inquiry.
(JLi\Jl^ fahshi^&t, Obscenities.
J^ fM, Any male animal (a stalli
A man distinguiihed for learning.
j^ fahtn, Charcoal, f^j^ ^ J
hqfartf Coal.
\^ and J^ fahwc^f Signified
sense, meaning, argument, seope.
fj^fuhiil (pi. of J^), Males, stall
'J fdkhf A, gin, noose, square.
.li^ fakhdr, Glory. ^l«? fakhl
Potter's clay, earthenware. [
i^jUr fakhkhdrif A Tender of eart
Ai^ fikham (pi. of A^ /Mam).
very high in rank and station*
y
(269)
!/
liJ^ faihamai, Exalted rank and
station. ^:^[sf fakhdmaUn {Arabo-
Turkish used in irabicV The exalted in rank
and station (Beoond title of the Orand Vizir,
to whom Europe accords the princely title of
^ ftkkd, The thigh.
jsf f^^ Glory, ornament, grace, no-
bflity. 4aX*^iajl>|^1^,The
omaine&tof the Christian princes. jS?
^iLdlljj^UlIK The most illnstrioas
asogst the nobles.
^fs! fiUkiff Yery vain, proud, vain-
giffiNB.
»^fiiiMm, Great. Yery high in rank
' scd station. (The feminine ia the title given
U) all Esropean States in distinction to
UiMiyi, The very exalted, assumed
for Turkej alone.
^Mfoi&y A saerifice, consecration, de-
Totiiig one for another, redemption, ransom.
'■aiil^t ^^Si\ oUc ^y^\ cKUll
''O-^-.^ltf at malih al mvofffad
mUediin AMfida aoMb Soma, Abolfeda,
Pnaceof Hama, in Syria, bom in 672 (No-
^ber, 1278), and died in 732 (October 26,
1231). This prince wrote both poetry and
^w. His works are very nnmeroos. The
nlloying are some of his compositions : — Com-
{ffodiim of UoirerBal History, entitled M-
•^KUiwft Tarlkh Albashar; Treatise of
^Bn^ndenoe^ ia fcno, entitled Alhawi ;
Tr«aase of Medicine, a work of seTend
^'^ym ; Treate of Geography, entitled Ttik-
^"•ttilian; uid many other works. He
*ai a foy leazned prinee, just, generous, easy
■"f leceaa, beloTed by his people, of great in-
tclli|aioe, Tery piona, Und, and pmdent. His
aiipistration was wise, and held by the pnb-
•^ ia the greatest estimation. He was Prodi-
s' of erery act of kindness, and bestowed
lies in ahimdanoe. He was rery fond of the
f -aetj of the learned and the truly good and
^vaffu^ whom he used to treat m the most
^f^ianuhed manner. He rewarded with
|i^ ubecility all those who excelled in the
^ md adencea.
;-^/ftUd»,Ayokeof oxen, A plough.
i-^f^f A ranaom, sacrifice.
»
J /srrd, A Tendor of furs.
-y/«t or cylyl\ Elfar&t, The
£Q]diia(efl, more conrect than i\^\
£ff»U, as in p. 34, which see. The £u-
P^^fxes M one of the most considerable riyexi
of Asia, rising in the mountains of Armenia
from two principal sources. At Korna, about
130 miles from its mouth, it is joined by the
Tigris ; and these united streams form one of
the noblest rivers in the East, falling into the
Persian Gulf about 60 miles from Bassorah.
Length, about 1,800 miles, the Tigris included.
The inrasion or the building of Palmyra by
Solomon, and the construction of a fleet in
jM^ ^jx^^^i prove that the Euphrates
was the frequented way and the centre of com-
merce between the Phoenicians and the in-
habitants of the most remote countries of Asia,
not only to Ophir (which is a mountain situated
in the Malay peninsula, where a great deal of
gold is founa), but fdso to Borneo (called
Jazirat al Mihraj\ and Sarirah or Sarirat),
and the immense number of islands situated in
the Herkand Sea, which is the name giyen
both to the Sea of China and to a part of that
of India. The following is the itinerary of
the Phoenicians from Tyre to Ophir and Bor-
neo:— ^An immense carayan, composed of carts,
to which strong horses similar to those used
in England were attached, started from Tyre,
proceeded through the ralley of Bekaa to
Badbec, from Balbec to Palmyra, from Palmyra
to Hisn Jaber ; trayelling by day and night, and
by changing horses, they managed to perform
this journey in a few days. From Hisn Jaber
the carts returned to Tyre loaded with c^oods.
From Hisn Jaber y easels nayijgated the
Euphrates to Bassorah, and coasting Arabia
to BahaJrein and Cape Mussendom, passed to
the opposite side of Asia, following the coast
to the mouth of the Indus, thenoe to Bombay,
Goa, Calicut, Cape Comorio, Ceylon, and
Madras, and, coasting the Bay of Bengal, to
Rangoon, the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra,
Borneo, etc
1^ j\J farddts (pi. of ^^ J^ ), Paradises.
Paradise, according to the Oriental meaning of
the word, signifies " an orchard," or " planta-
tion of fruit-trees." There is hardly any part
o€ the world in which it has not been sought
for : — In Asia, in Africa, in Europe, in Amenca,
in Tartary, upon the banks of the Ganges, in
the Indies, in China, in the ishind of Ceylon,
in Armenia, under the Equator, in Mesopo-
tamia, in Syria, in Perma, in Babylon, in
Arabia, in Palestine, in Ethiopia, where the
Mountains of the Moon are, near the Moun-
tains of the Libanus, Anti-Iibanus, and
Damascus.
Jji firdfj Flight, running away.
t^J^/ foratlj (pi. of ^^ji), Chicken.
U\Ji Jirdsat, Physiognomy, judging of
£e mind of another from external appearances ;
sagacity, penetration, judgment, undentanding,
ingenuity, addressi dexterity. m
L»\ji\\, The science of physiognomy.
V
(270)
XLJ*
* jUb^ And sharpen thy perception
to notice eyery omen, and train thy discern-
ment to correctnees of inference ; for he whose
conjectures are rig;ht has his joy prolonged,
but he whose notions are erroneous has his
success deferred. Do not burden thyself, my
son, with a large household. Eschew fastidi-
ousness, abstain from freauent importunity,
and be content with a smalt gift if a great one
be withheld.
iii\^ far&ihf A hatterfly or moth flying
round a lighted candle. ^^SJ\ ^|/>
The thin scaly bones of the jikull reaching to
the neck. Firdih (pi. |^y)i A bed.
iJ^JiS (^)o tarihuljirdth, A sick-bed.
ij^\ji fardihat, One butterfly. The office
of carpet-spreader (at the Temple of Mecca).
i \j3 fa/rdghy Cessation from labour. Uli
^jmj Jl l|iy , And when they had ended,
they came forth, and each of them put on her
dress of feathers.
jfy^Ait, Departure. Separation. «xJt1j
i_ t.^1 ^^ The lion, if he left not
his den, would neyer catch any prey. The
arrow, if it left not the bow, would never hit
the mark. Gold dust in its nati?e country is
as mere eartii, and aloes in its own land it
is nothing but a kind of common wood.
^ AfcJ iLl * Jliol i^jUj jI^I a^
J)j^ jili * Jj^ ^ (JLI J^ j)^l
* vj^j ^fi \^^ ^ J*l^ * ^^l Orf
the day of reparation your removal made me |
weep, lamenting on account of your ibm
from home ! 1 cried out, from the pain
parting, in anguish, and tears had made n
eyelids sore. This is separation * Shall i
enjoy your return P for your departure bs d
pnved me of the power of oonceidment. Woo
they had returned, uid obsenred good bit]
If tney do so, perhaps my former times m
return!
JuJ|^ J^dfMoA, Fnmce.
Jj^ fa/riiid (pi. of if Jj^ /wi<fo), Sep
rate, single, unique things, single pearli
precious stones.
\jo^^ fardyidf The divine precepl
statutes, laws. The knowledge of diridi
inheritances according to law.
i-.y forest Being satiated and aatiafic
Joy, comfort, pleasure. Af^, Pudeadi t^
maris lumfoeminsa. ^yi\ ^}ck^jM
auabr muflah tilftartQ^ Patience is the key
relief. * ^iV <^-^ ^^^-J t^ ^
Cy'^j^ ujy , Consider the doings
thy Lord, how tiie wishes of thy heart col
from him with speedy relief! And de^
not when thou sufferest affliction, for bi
many wondrous mercies attend afiliction.
^y fitrjtidf Dispelling grief. Firji
A rent (in a garment). ^^ 'W*^
Ifi jLdJ^ , The time of her going foi
to divert herself has now arrived ; and wl
she is about to do so, I will come to thee x
inform thee, that thou mayest go thither %
meet her.
^jifaraht Gladness, cheerfulness, brif
ness, wantonness, ^^y^ hi/arak
Gladly, cheerfully. iij\ UL.'dtA^ L
U^l iiU J^ jit^ ^iii\ ^, A
m '
when the daughter of the king heard lb
words from the old woman, her reason
through joy; but she withheld herself fi
speaking, that she might see the result of
aifair.
\jrf
(27i)
^^f§rkSn^ Glad, joyful, delighted.
i^ fmif Uneqoal, simple, singalar;
tiie an^iils number. Sole, only, nmque.
u\ii^ faridnljfat, Unity, ungolarity.
\jiiy)j frimpt, A paradise. Name of
aeTctalddightful places. See^^MJjIy.
^^^j jmiia, Ferdoosi, or Ferdosi, a
cdetntedhnin poet, wfaom Mahmond com-
BiwMd to write the ** Ghih Nameh/' or
Sitey of dtoPOBtn Kings. Thebaidwu
a^kjtA ^Bxtj jeaa in executing this im-
uem voik, vfaidi contains no leiB than
120,(100 TOM; tnd he ins to reoeife a
Hamui pieen of mid for erery thousand
oajdetL Wlulst, howeTcr, he was A^Tin^
UKlf ip to tiie exeeation of his task, his
(usaiteoait mani^^ to damage him in
tbeoBnitifn of the king, and forced him, hy
dteir oIiiimHi, to fly the kingdom. He re-
tirad to Bigdsd, where his great rejnitation,
v^ kid preceded him there, ohtiuned for
^Aevoteetion of the caliph. After scTeral
icsi'oue, FerdiynR was readied to his conn*
try, lid pvnd there the remainder of his
dm. T1tt«<ChlhNameh" was published in
bidflB, in Ptesan, in 1829, ana was after-
vndi tmnlsted into EIu^id^ in 1881. It
hai ibo been translated into French, b. at
Kinu, sear Thons, about 940 ; d. about 1 020.
;//<n, S^aratiiig, distingaishing one
tliisg from another. Ji/^^ alfunai,
AwsUt s Tery oonsiderBble town, and now
iiilhgeisGaele-SyTia, h^ an hour from which
» tbe imtd temple Hi Hennes. Not far
&«B Oit plsee is the Temple of Enoch,
aOai Kobbct Adris, and the Tomb of Noah,
«kdKibrNnh.
^*y ftrat, L horse or mare. There
Ktthiee breedi of hones in Syria — ^the true
^ ^Rcd, the Turkman, and the Knrdy,
v^ist nixtiire of the two former. The
w^iBs eouit Ato noble breeds of horses,
^"■*aded, tt &fly ny, from the five favourite
c«B of their prophet — ToMtfM, Manekeve,
<*4(a. %/«rt, md Jnljle, These five ]^-
^ncei diver^ into ancient ramifications.
y Bare paitKolarly swift and handsome,
vngtt^ to soy one of \he chief races, may
P^«i^ to a new breed, the descendutts of
*afh m eaUed after her ; so that the names
^^9«t Anb breeds are innumerable. — The
''^ tt dicas. JWrr, Fenna ; the Persians.
j^^ Ijwy faroiul hahr, The water-
ti^ "^ £1-Kazwinl, in his account of
^^ rf the water, is like the land-hoTse,
tbt he is larger in the mane and tail,
^ handsome in colour : his hoof is
like the hoof of the wild ox, and bis
!« imiUer than that of the land-boree,
Uttis lsq;tr than that of the ass.
1/
Sometimes a foal is produced haTing a water*
horse for his sire, and a land-mare for its
dam, and is of extreme excellence and
beauty ; and he mentions an instance (similar to
that which is related in the Arabian Nights) :
the water-horse in this esse was black, with
white spots like pieces of silTer. He also
states that it is found in the Nile, and it is
erident from this that the well-known hippo-
potamos is the animal thus incorrectly de-
scribed, and which has suggested the fr£le of
the Arabian Nights.
f^\^ji fitrtdn, Horsemen, cavalry. Name
of an animal of whose skin they make leather.
'^ji fariokh, A parasang, a league about
18,000 feet in length.
<mJ fanh, A bed, conch, cushion, a
mat, carpet, bed-cbthes, or any similar house-
hold furniture. Far$h, Spreading a carpet or
theUke.
L^ /urtaif Occasion, opportdnity, con-
venienoy, coincidence. ImJLc ^**ffZ
l^j&\ irjjb ^Uff&Mil, We must avail
onnelTes of this opportunity.
^ji ford (pi. fjAj\j3), A duty, a divine
command ; a necessary obserration of certain
precepts of the Mahometan religion.
JL^ faradah (pi. ijOji), A seaport.
^JJL^J ^ji iJL^^j^, Beyrut is the sea-
port of Damascus. ij\j lib ^J^
A .MM
(•UJU ij^\ J>jii\ ^^, The town
of Jaffa Is one of the most frequented and
well-known seaports in Syria.
^^ji fardi, An indispensable precept.
Obligatory.
)0ji farat, Greatness, plenty, superfluity.
Cji faira^ Being produced, descended,
deriyed, sprung from. Produce. Being at
the summit ; excelling others (in birth, beauty,
etc.). The ton, the head, the chief of a
people or famuy. The branch of a tree
(especially the top). ?^l ^^ ,^y«s^jl
J^^ilyb t«j, Thou hast relieved me
from the branch, but hast not relieyed me
from the root ! 0 my beloyed, she said, and
what is the root F [mountain.
£eJ far^atf The top or declivity of a
^ijcJ far^nat, Craftiness, sagaciousness.
^yji Jir^tcn, Pharaoh; and in general
6/
(272)
any cruel tyrant. Pharaoh, the name borne
in the Bible by ten kinfs of Egypt; the best
known of which aie, uie monarch to whom
Joseph explained his dream, and who loaded
him with honoars ; he who commenced the
persecution of the Hebrews, and who pnt to
death all the male children ; and he who was
aammoned by Moses to permit of the departure
of the Hebrew people, and who was afterwards
drowned, with all his host, in the waters of
the Bed Sea.
^-c^/ar^f, Derivative, productive.
^Uy ferghdnah^ Fergana is a district
of Transoziana, or Turkestan, of which Ibn
Haukal says that its extreme eastern border,
which waa also the eastern boundary of Islam,
was distant about twenty days' journey or
stages from the river Oxus, or Gihon. It
was an ample and fertile proTince, with manj
towns and villages, and a capital called Akhsi-
kit. The latter had a castle and extensive
suburbs, is situated on the river Khagi, and
with its suburbs is nearly four leagues in
diameter. In this territory there are mines
of gold and silver, and the turauoise stone, as
well as iron, bitumen, etc. Snarishi, in his
Commentary, says, that the chief city of the
district of Fergnana was called by the same
name. It was five days' journey, or five long
stages eastward from Samareand, and under
the same government as that city. It was a
magnificent place, and built by Kesra Noushir-
wan, Kin^ of Persia, who sent a certain
number ot settlers thither out of every city
in his dominions. It was the birth-place of
Ibn Kethir, called Al-Ferghani (^e author of
the *' Treatise on Plane Astronomy," edited,
with notes and translation, by GoUus), and
also of m&ny other eminent literary men.
jy/<ir^, Separation, distinction^ divi-
sion, difference, discrimination. ^y^,9
Indiscriminately, without distinction, indif-
ferently.
^iJy furk&f^ The Ear'^n in its quality
of distin^ishing between good and evil. The
Furhm is an appellation of the Eur'&n, and
sometimefl appliea to other books of Scripture,
from the vero/araJbi, to divide or distinguish ;
not, as the Mohammadan doctors say, because
those books are divided into chapters or sec-
tions, or to distinguish between good and
evil, but in the same sense that the Jews use
the word perek or pirka^ firom the same root,
to denote a section or portion of Scripture.
The Muslims believe that the copies of the
Pentateuch, Psalms, and Gospels now exiating
have been corrupted, and tnat the passages
in them wherein Mohammad is foretdd have
been altered or expung^; yet lliey pretend
to trace a prophecy of him in the modem
copies of the Gospel of St. John, reading, in-
stead of " Paraclete," « Perielyte," which is
similar in signification to Mohammad and
Ahmad, both of which are names of the
Arabian prophet ; the former of these
names signifying " greatly praised," the li
<« more or most lauoable."
i3j3 firkat or firkahj A body, a s^
a troop, a band. Fiirhmt, Separation.
Jj^ farhad, A bright star.
^fjj^ fariad&n, Two stars near
pole, the g^reater and lesser bears.
{^/j3 fork, Babbing with the handle
between the fingers.
^L§j3 farmdnf A mandate, comma
order. ^llJU ^Uy, The exal
or imperial mandate. T^ is synonjnui
expressed in a variety of wajs ;
Ordinal
necessary to be obeyed.
ijUjil, Orders proper to be pro
gated, jjill jAs^ u^/» ^^
of high authority. ^^^^^^J^ JJ^ ^'^
Diplomas witii the illustrious imperial fij
ture.
^^ji /urun, An oven.
C^ji Drank, A franc, French moi
worth about tenpence.
^^\sMSjj3jiranffhistdn (from the Persi
Europe, or the whole country inhabits
-Turkish Europeans.
non
i^j3 faruxU, A furred ooat ; a for.
rA/* Z*'^^ (P^' ff-.;!/)' -^ chicken
X^^J/«ril«{ya<,Theart of horseman:
Jjj\^ ilicj , Then she offered him i
food, and he ate; and conversation eie
between them, they mentioned King 1
and his beauty and loveliness, and his st
and justness of form, and his horsemanshij
intelligence and polite aooompUshments.
)o^j3furHi, Preceding, outstripping.
9jj^furtL^, (pL of p^),Effisota.Bran^
dOji far^d (pi. of j5J^), A precious i
a pearl, especially one of a lar^ger aie i
others. One, unique, incomparable. Sins
only. JbJ)i\ jj^,The phosniz of hia
^^ Jj^ FaridUn, The name of an anj
^^
(278)
(JH»**i
md edelmted king of Penia, the oommenoe-
mot of wlkose rago is plsoed about 760 yean
bdbre Uie Cluistian era.
LjjifirUai (pi. j^|/), A lion's prey.
^^/«i#f, A Pharisee.
m
m
Lai^fariddt, An ordinance of God, an
us^spoaUe religiom or legal duty.
Ji^-Mt ^ troop, squadron, eorps.
dlj* /*"*S Fezaan, a kingdom of North
Afria, atoate to the south of Barbary, and
b«»iadon the N. by Tripoli, and on aU ite
^ Bda by the Sahara, or Great Desert
^' Feoan oonsists of an extensiTe Talley,
waded by an irregalar circuit of monntains
QO tO fida except the west, where it opena
^^ the desert. One of the ranges of these
fB^^rataiBf ii called ^e Black Hountaina, and
B wmpoaed of basalt, nearly black, and of a
"initt or pohahed appearance. Mivert. None,
properly n called ; water, howerer, is plenti-
mjbnd at a d^th of fiom ten to twelre
Het There are a tew small lakes, which are
Mmetimes eoTered with a thin crnat of car-
^^ of loda. Zooioff^, The most eommon
viiduimalB are the ostrich, the antelope, and
» bentifol fpeciea of deer, of a white colour,
■Jeiked with different hues of brownish red.
Ue domestie animals are goata, homed cattle,
&«», and camels. Olimaie, The heat of
■'■■•f M wry great, and the south wind, in-
'^"•eiy dry and impregnated with fiery par-
»«T ii Boarcelj' supportable, even by the
«»▼» The wmter, on the other hand, is
coid; which is painiiillT felt, eren by the
f>ti^ of a northern climate. Pro. Wheat
■ ni«d ; but maize and barley are the grain
ci vMch the country chiefly depends for sub-
^^^ Dates are abundantly produced, and
»ra t large portion of the food of the in-
^^^i ^ pomegranates, and legumes
»t alM abmidant. Manf, None, and shoe-
^ot and smiths are the only artisans.
f tnan deriTes its chief importance from that
parable situation which renders it a grand
*^ for the immense interior commerce
•*A is carried on between Northern and
'^^ Africa. The communication of Egypt
«ad ofBarbary with the vast countries situate
to the east and south of the Niger, centres
*^ entirely in Mourzook. Of the cararans
^aefORitb, the principal is tiiat to Bomou,
»tth whidi Fezzan maintains a regular and
*^*we eommunication. A great part of
^Ofifaii trade, howerer, has been lost;
**» * consequence, the country has grown
pv^, cod the inhabitants but few in number.
^^ jwi sent thence southward consist of
^^^ fioopean articles, fire-arms, powder.
It"*'™** glaK, paper, beads, imitations
« ciffi^ ari toys of a great variety of kinds ;
Tt""**© and snnfiT. Gov. The sovereign
f«an was formerly independent, merely
tvP^ a BomxBal tribute to the Bey of Tri-
J*flJ i«t in 1842 the Sultan of Turkey
asserted his supremacy over the country, and
the government is now administered by a
pasha residing at Mourzook. Fcp, according
the latest returns, about 26,000. Zat. between
23° 80' and SO'* 60' N. Lon. between 12^
and 19" E.
^ fim^, Fear, flying in terror. Jii
111 IfJ jLaC |Jj l^j ij-cu JJI, He
spoke to me not, for he was frightened at me
and terrified ; but he came to the slaughtered
beast, and turned it over, and found nothing
in it.
Juyj fasdd, Gormption, deprayity, ma-
lignity, perverseness, iniquity, villany.
cfi4\ ^\p\j l^^t u-^ ^^
And follow not a course of evil, for the sages
have prohibited it; and there is no evil more
manliest than my being in th^ pit, drinking
the sufibcatiujg pains of death, and looking
upon destruction when thou art able to deliver
me from misery.
]o\LjJus8dt, tli«yj and IrlLuJ, A tent,
a tabernacle of goat's hair. The metropolis,
of Egypt, Cairo.
jLyib ya fBUdk, 0, wioked !
j^IimJ Jistdn, A loose gown, a petticoat.
j:x**J Jutuk, Pistachio. The JUtid, or
pistachio of Aleppo, delights in a drv soil.
Formerly the country of Aleppo was famous
for the erowth of this tree, but it has greatly
decUned of late years.
^^B^tM-^Ofa pistachio or sea-green colonr.
J*
<$^^"**/iM-^^,Largeness,amplitude,8pace.
Spaciousness, vastness, roominess.
■
i^faskh, Fracture, violation, dissolving
(marriage), breaking (an agreement).
jM**i JUk, Iniquity, villany, impiety,
prevarication, impudence^ obscenity, adultery.
LLJ (pi. of JmU), The wicked; the
adulterous.
f«L*J fahiyeh, A jet d'eau, a foun-
tain which throws its water up in a jet.
K^lt^j^yiS ,j^ ij^ IJm \^j ^j
IS
J-ai
(274)
j^^«J
jLuJ
S^>¥^J V*j ^^^ c;^f^^ ^»*
(jyJlsf^t u.Aj> ui^^asT^, And in the
midst (of the hall) waa a great foimtain of
alabaster, oyer which was a tent of brocade.
And in thoee chambers were different places,
and in each of those places fountains and tanks,
decorated and lined with marble ; andchanneU
of water flowed along the floors of those
chambers.
.^^vmJ faAh, Ample, large, capacious.
Spacious, vast, roomy.
i^\0a3 fasdhat, Eloquence.
^^^Mjjjiahkl, The dung of animals, stable
"manore.
(^ fiss, The bezel of a finger ring, in
which the stone is fixed.
JU2i fastdd, A bleeder.
juoi fiud, Bleeding, opening a vein.
J«di fail (pi. J^^), Flowingness and
clearness of discourse. A section, article,
chapter, or other diyision of a book. A dif-
ference, distinction (between right and wrong).
The dedsion of a cause. Time, season, juncture.
^^ fu9iU (pi. of ^^ /*M«), The
bezel of a ring.
^wii faslh (pi.. Ui^), Eloquent.
J^ai foHl, A child or youug camel
weaned from the mother.
<U.jM^ fasilat, A small tribe, a familj ;
kindred. ^<!L»aiA^\s^, They came
all together. '
L^ /add, A plain, field, open place ;
a court, an area.
i^\^faddhat, Yillany, villanousness.
il\^fuddlat, A remainder, redundancy,
exuberance. The remains of an entertain-
ment, the scraps after a meaL
JULai faddyU (pi. <LL«^), Virtues.
Eminent qualities.
^£25 fiddat, Silver. a\ dUoi Jj y Jjb
u^^J^ J h(d tarid fiddah am %ahab, Do
you wish to hare silver or gold F
^^ fadih, Detecting villanies and ex-
posing them to infamy.
J«ai fadl, Excellence, virtue. Increase,
augmentation, gain, adyantage, redundancy,
''^cesB. Favour, goodness, kindness.
lak kalam^ Have the goodness to give me a pel
^iLai/^j CS^\ c/*>i cM^ l^J^l
i^j»a)\^ A3Lyw>-f^, So he took it an
kissed the hands of the king, thanking hii
for his bounty and beneficence, and deputed
ILii fadian, The more. ^^ ^ ^
Not but, that. Lai (pi. of Jjli
Learned men, doctors.
dil\ J^, FadlaUah, or Chodsa Bascbj
Addin FadlaUah, a Persian historian. I
was vizier to the sultan Cazan, who reignl
at Taurus, and at whose command he co^
0
first part was translated into French by 1
Croix. lived in the 13th century.
ILai fadlat, A remainder, abandano
redundancy.
ya3 fitduw, Being ample, spacious (plsc^
J^ Judal, Exuberant, excessive, q
proportioned.
^yaifudnli, Proud,haughty, presuH
" One busying himself in things not bebngil
to him.
^ya3 fudaliyahf Indiscretion. l1
quality of one who makes himself Tery bj
and ofiicious in things not belonsing to hi
and without being requested to do lo.
cioQsness.
.^Lfoi faiiky Ignominious.
ii^KfO^ fadihat, A viUanous act, bf
infamous action.
A.\»»ah fadikU, Excellence, emineo*
▼irtue, perfection, greatness, superior exQ
lence, any qualification which one hss t^
higher degree than others.
^ILi fatdtuU, Animadverting, und|
standing, perceiTing.
^/a^, Creating, producing, doings
thing immaturely or preposteronsly. Brei
fasting. ^^LiSljuc, The festival
breaking the fast, which immediately foU^
the Mahometan Lent
^Jai/^o^, Nature, creation, fonn.
^jjai fatas, Being flat-nosed. <uj
fatoMot, Flatness of nose.
Jai fatm, Weaning.
^Jai /uiHf Animadverting, peroeinj
i>i
(275)
JaAj
conpnhaMibi^. iteM, Wiae» intelligeni^
eagaaon.
A:l2ij£M,Vndentanding, intelligence,
pradeoM. ZJaill A4J«Xc ^Jb Ma ^ail-
mtt tijUmtty She 18 impnident.
,^/ai«r,BKakfast With the Bedouins,
die modD hour of breakfiwt is about ten
0 etack, ;hit of npper or dinner at ranaet.
Tbac is a great ttmeneea in their disheSf
boif (M^ eompoeitiona of fionr and batter
[iBttitM). If an Arab haa anfflcient food,
W oi» bat little about ita ooslitr, beinff a
Kna^ to the pleararee of tne taole. The
vwa at what 11 left of the men*8 dinners. In
thfistomliof tiierepaat, the men do nothing
bet owke their pipea, exchange a few worda
viik one notfaer, deep, yawn, and sleep again.
J^f^t An nnleftTened masB of paste.
•jai/tffiii, Weaned.
InteDigent.
"•.'I..
^'^ fndui, Inhamaxiity, TiUainons-
>«■ Couwaesi, groameM of speech and
(r^/oi^, Base, shamefol (affair), b
0 thoa who seekest to begofle, thon hast
^ta in th J haae intention. Taste, then,
<^ ptnn of ihamefal calamitj, and be with
'^ voires cot off.
w^/«^cd/, Effectual, operating. God
^eotttut actor.
J^ f^^ Acting. Doing, making,
?"**oug. Fi^y An action, work, operation.
l^nrK To perform an action, to labour.
^^ WBd which is naedaa the paraidigm of tri-
^i^ roots of Arahio words. J«J
«
o<kc^ fi^ wmia^addl, A yerh tran-
^^ (•jl J*i >S^/ ld%mn, A Tcrh
ifitnaritire. ^^U^ J*5 ^^/ ma Jflm,
Aiwtiaclire or neuter, of which the aetor is
^ bown by the yerb itself. J«
^^ J^l mujkul, A rerh passiye,
*^ >te of which is left unknown by the
, ^*^» ^U |J*i Ji^ mdt^, A yerh in
P»V tense. fj^ J^ /t^
»'£n&, A vert) in tike aorist, hating either
a present or fatnre sense. J>«aSIj9 In
fbct, actually. Jje^ Jy , Words and
actions, ly^ Lei, In word and deed.
lljfi fa^alat, A work, an action.
Ims Ji^, Actual, effectual, operating,
jyJ6 fa§hfar (pL !yUi), The general
name of tiie kinga of China. The poroelain
of China. l<-^ jf^* ^ emperor
of China. A porcelain yesseL i^jy^»
Royal, belonging to the emperors of China.
China ware.
^Uj fakdr and ^Ui, The yertehras or
jointsof the back. jUi!|^J, Mahomet* s
sword.
Zi^Ui fakAhatj Being learned in the laws.
^^fikdan^k state of desertion, aban-
donment by frienda, separation from friendi.
^ ^ilr, Poverty. v.^ij ,-iJLl^^^JJ
♦ 1.^/ 11 ^piilV ^ 1 jl , Poverty
causes the lustre of a man who was rich to
grow dim, like the brightneas of the setting
sun, which becomes ydlowless. If absent,
his name is not mentioned among mankind ;
and if present, he has no share in the enioy-
menti of society. He walks in the market-
streeta, aToiding to be noticed, and in solitary
places he poureth forth tears in abundance.
nj the Au^ighty! a man who haa had the
mufortune to become poor ia nothing among
his own relations but a stranger.
\j&i fakard (pi. of ^^), The poor, the
common people.
XjA3 Jlkra, An anecdote, a tale. A
paragraph, an article.
laAi fakatt Only, solely, no more. ^cAet
J^) ^ J-^'j CT**^' V/^^ i.ii^ L.i\
J al HI */^yr t^^ ^^9 Know thou
that the son of my sister is more beautiful
li
(276)
and loTely than she, and that his fiither was
king of all the Pernans. He is now their
king, and Joharah is not suitable to any bat
him only.
iAiJikh, Soiowledgeof religion and law.
l^ fukahd, Bocton of law and diTinity
AfAsfakid, BestitatB, deprived.
fakir, A poor man. A religious
order of mendicants thnanamedby theArabians.
ir^^ ^ ur^-M ^j^^ ^ fo'
the poor, the eondkion of the poor, and
the whole life of the poor, is nothing but
agony; in the summer he fails to earn his
food, and in winter he warms himself OTer
the fire-pot. jJUi\ ij^^^- \3Jb J^ \S\
bj^\ ^J^\^ ^U, Such, then,
bcii^ the poor man's life, hii fittest place is in
the Durial-groond.
IM faldh, A Mahometan lawyer or
theologian (in Spanish, with the article alfaqui),
I said nnto him, I am a lawyer, a learned
man, a writer, an arithmetician, and a great
aaligraphist. Thy profession, he said, is pro-
fitless in our country.
ujO fakk, Unloosing, nnravelling, un-
bnttoning, breaking open a seal. Liberating,
manumitting (a servant). Releasing a pawn
or pledge. To redeem a pledge.
^l^ fakdhat, Being cheerM, joyoue,
jocose, festiye, sociable.
Sj fikr, Thought, reflection, oonsidera-
tion, opinion, deliberation, counsel, adrice.
jSj fahSLr and jr^^ Befleoting maoh,
considering attentiyely, thoughtfuL
s^JlS^ fakm^f, How then ? ^j-wy^asT J ^
if jJi ..f*uesr u,tt^.Ci ^UuiJ, He did not
act well to himself, how then will he act well
to another?
Jj, A speciefl of water-lily.
j^jp^li faldf'aram, And consequently, so
' that, whence, and altogether.
A'$ faldhf Prosperity, happiness, safety,
Uager, a peasant.
>i
ti/aidhat, Agriculture.
iiJii fd&iifaij Philosophen.
i^ faldkat, Adversity, misfortune, fl
effect of the adyerse inflnenoe of the spbtf^
^li filds^ The name of any unknot
or undefined person, he, that man. Sucli aai
^ f^j$ Tears, water flowing from tl
eyes. Taij\ Diridin^ into two parts, sepan
ing, making a partitun. The palsy.
J^fidah, To be in state of prosperi^
safety.
^ju^ falha$, Greedy, avaricions.
dl^iJi fdlmudih, For this reason, thei
fore. hb\p^ ^JLj (J^ jJi {jttj^ |
Ton did not study, for tlus reason (or titei
fora) you will remain ignonnt.
^jj^ JiU, A small coin, an obdus,
anytiiing of similar shape; as tiia scale o|
fish, the boss on a bridle or book.
^^U «iii> i FUiiiln^ Palestine. /WmA,
Philistine belonging to Palestuia.
iLJjfihafat, Philosophy.
«jLi /tftoc. Cutting, splitting, cnu^
Jils fidfid, Pepper, long pepper. I
KazwinT says of the pepper-yine, that w^
the sun becomes hot upon the boncheii
pepper, leaves fold o?er each bunch, tw
may not be burned by the sun ; and when
sun is withdrawn from it, the leaves are ai
that it may reeeive the sephyr.
jji falak, A fissure, a creTice. Fal
Splitting. Breaking (as the dawn). ^
A branch split into two parte, of whidi \
they make one bow ; also the bow so n^
A misfortune.
l1^ falakf Heaven, the nnivene, i
world. The sky, the firmament A spM
of which there are nine, according to
Ptolemaic system of astronomy. Fortanej
the inflnenoe of the spheres. The orbkj
motion of the heavenly bodies. J4
y^iSt , The sphere or orbit of the qm
CAi!l1(Ji3i, The primam moli
empyrean heaTen.
C^lifuik, A ship, boat, oraft.
^^iwJi falamnmg, A Fleming, a Bol
man, the Dutch nation. [weaii
jli faliUa, A horse colt (e^eoially yr\
\jn^fdu (pL of ^/JLi)* Small ooinsy
^^fidvk, Fiflnxres, cradu.
^iAj/iUflidy And becaufle, therefore.
#9 M The montlL M^tuiS mi, The
oafin of the stomach. <---;/^^l<^|^|^
UJ ^^ Lib 'Uil J^ JL5 , And he de-
eztd to driik, but be found that the water
U MtHli in liif mouth.
jAiybai, Ond, belongiBg to the moiilh«
Jfm (pL ^^ and ^J:J\ pi. of pi.
^ti*), Sdenoe, learning, knowledge,
sgHtj. OoDiimg, etntagem, art, fraud.
^ - - ■ that
Wil«;)iMB, I an not aeqnaintod
J/Mdy ICortality, fhulty, comiptbn.
I^ntnction, annihilation, death. j\j
a! iandfirndf The world of change
V dofavlioii, tlda traaatory woiM, this
penababla world. ^^ CJ^lJt ,^^S1p-
**U1 j^^ Jl^l^ ♦ 'UiH, Hareth
I^HaaMB hat related, aaying : I am told
i^vba Ab»-Zaid waa approaching the end
^Jik, and the ehain of old age had depriyed
^ of all the power of riling vp to perform
^ Ma oi man, he wnt for nil son, and
ifterooOeitmghiathoi]gfat8,Baidtohim: Mj
^ tin tnae it at hand that I should de-
fBt fron out of the eenrt of Kfe, and haTe my
tja ooiited with tiie kohel of death.
^"^Juifdm, A poroelain cap.
J^/iMdai, An inn, a house for mar-
t^pupla.
jfi fw9M (pi. of ^), Soienoes.
FmShakf Phosnicia, of which
vtstheeapitaL The eoontry known to
u< Cfceb br the name of Fhoenioe was
«*idcd on the west by the Mediterranean
«i, lad on the east hjr the monntains of
*^ Sid Syria. Iti northern frontier, ao-
^"/^ to Ptolemy, was limited by the ooozse
«f tkcEla^m, now called Nahr^-kelMr,
(277) ^
the Great BiTer, whilst to the sonfli it ex-
tended to Aoeho, or rather to the BiTor Kishon,
which lies to the sooth of it The distance
fivm Aocho to the Isle of And, near the month
of the Blentheros, from north to sonth, may
be reckoned, without indadinr the sinnoaities
of the coast, at aboot 160 So^h miles. The
mean breadth of the Phcenician territory can
hardly be estimated at more than thirty of
these miles. Herodotus says that tiie Phosni-
cians were descended from the Bdomites, who
were the first who attempted to pass the sea
in ships. Thns when the Erythrmans, Edom-
ites, or Phcenicians—for all tiiree names sig-
nUy the same thing — took possession of Sidon
ana Trre, tiief became immediately distin-
roishea l^ their skill in narigation, and by
their success in commerce. While their
neighbonrs were engaged in hostility, the
Phoenicians coltiTatea the arts in tranquillity ;
and &e palm, the signal of Tictory among
other nations, appeared painted on their ships
and represented on their coins as the image of
plenty, and as the emblem of peace.
^^j„5j;t FmlkiyHn^ The PhcBnicians.
The FhcBnicians, as' erery one knows, were
celebrated for their wealth, and the extent of
their commerce and naTigation. Their fame,
and their right to be wused amonnt those
who haTC conferred the greatest benents upon
mnnlrifulj rcst ott a stiU morc unassailable
foundation. Antiquity is unanimous in as-
cribing to them the inyention and practice of
all those arts, sciences, and oontriTances that
faciktate the prosecution of commercial under-
takings. Thej are held to be the inventon of
arithmetic, weights and measnres, money, the
art of keeping accounts, and, in short, of
ererything thai belongs to the business of a
counting-house. They were also fiimoas for
^e invention of shijp-building and navigation,
for the discovery oi glass, for their manufac-
tures of fine linien mSSl tapestry, for their skill
in architecture, and in the sit of working
metals and ivory, and still more for the in-
oemparable splendour and beavty of their
purple dye. But the invention and dissemina-
tion of these highly useful arts form but a
part of what the people of Europe owe to the
rhoniicians. It is not possible to say in what
degree the rdigion of the Greeks was bor-
rowed frvm them, but that it was to a pretty
large extent seems abundantly certain. Her-
cukes, undcn: the name of Melcarthus, was the
tutelar deity of Tyre; and bis expeditions
along the sm>res of the Mediterranean, and to
the straits connecting it with the ocean, seem
lo be merely a poetu»l representation «f the
progress of the rhoBnician navigators, who in-
troouced arts and civilization, and established
the worship of Hercules, wherever ther went.
The tempts erected in honour of toe god
at Gades was bug regarded with peculiar
Teaeralion. The Phomiciaas founded many
colonies in Spain and in the IndiA and
Chinese Seas. Palmyra and Balbec are their
works; biit4n Syria the Mahometans, as w**'
Z3*
(278)
jy
as theJewB and ChristiaiiB, attribute eyery
great work to Solomon : not that the memory
of him still remains b^ tradition in those
countries, but from certain passages in the Old
Testament, which, with tne Gospel, is the
source of almost all their tradition, as these
are the onl^ historical books read or known ;
b«t as their expounders are yery ignorant,
their anplications of what they are told are
generaUy reiy remote from the truth. By an
error of the kind they pretend that Balbec t« the
koute ofthsforeH %f Lebanon^ built by Solo-
inon ; nor do they approach nearer to nroDability
when thev attribute to that kinf we well of
Tyre ana the buildings of Piuroyra. The
PbcBnicians founded many towns in Spain, like
Malaga, Cartagena, Tortoea, and Cordoym,
which haye their significations in the Phoe-
nician language. The name of Malacca, of the
Malay peninsula (where Mount Ophir of the
Bible is situated), is also of Phoenician extrac-
tion, and it means a town situated on a hUl or
mountain.
fr\^/awdtih (pl.of <(arU), Beginnings.
Openings, prefaces.
UM>-ty fawdhiihf Shameful things*
j!ji fudd (pi. ifjuil), The heart, tlie
Uyer, the lungs, the bowels. The mind, the
Boul. c:: ^^h \j\ fc/Jly V^^ L5f:ff^^
0 my beloyed, and the object of the tender
feelinff of my heart, if thou be angry against
me, wno would keep me P and if thou cast me
off (alas for me !), who would sh^ter me P 0
my beloyed, and tiie light of my eyes, comfort
me!
h^^ji fawdra^ A jet d'eau, a fountain
which throws its water up in a jet
Jjfy/aii?dy<^(pl. of »Jjli), Gains, profits,
advantages. ^ ^j**^ ^ ^^ vj^^iljJ
irjjLs ^jM )aki\^ 2rjj\y, Thereupon
1 pressed gradually to him, to profit from his
precious words, and to pick up some of his in-
comparable sentences and phrases.
^ZJt^fawtf Death. Passing away, elaps-
ing, omitting, neglecting, slipping. ^
I^mSij ^j\ ij\j Lf ^Jlc^ji^Ij J, He who
IS not affiicted by what he loses keeps his mind
tranquil.
iy fawatt Madder, a red dye.
^y fawjj A hody of men, a troop, a
squadron. [Diff^ising (odour).
-.|i fawh, Fragrance, odour, perfume.
^^ fohf Fo, or Foe, the founder of a
religious sect, which, in the empire of China,
reckons a great number of followera, whoK
tenets appear to be much the same as those of
Buddha. He reformed the religion of tk«
Brahmins, denied the distinction of castei,
and the superiority of any one dass of men,
and taught a doctrine, of which ^e funda-
mental precepts are, not to lie, to do to othen
as we would be done by, to kill no lino^
creature, to abstain from wine, to avoid all
impuritjr, and to belieye in future rewards
and puniishmentB. His doctrines only bectn
to be prevalent in China 200 years b.c Hi«
priests are called Bonaes, and live in mon»-
teries, travelling also considerably about the
«mpire, and liym^, for the most part, on alms.
B. at Benares, or m Cashmere, about 1027 b.c.
^y Nodhy .y Fotf ^^SJ Beddcm,
c y^j Joihuoy and c y«j Jmm^ accord-
ing to the religion of the Ansariah, ere tkt
same and identical person, who made his mam-
fiBstation as the incarnation of the Deity in
different ages, and in different worlds, under
different names. The Mussulmen thCTDselTcs
pay the ^atest veneration to theae five name&,
and wnte the name of Beddoa nnder tbt
address of eyery letter; and if thej do not
write this mystical and occult name in alpha-
betical letters, they represent it by the numbs-
of 8642, which is the equivalent of its com-
ponent letters. The Mussulmen qonlify Beddou
as a great angel, who takes care of the safie
arrive of the letters. They do not know
that the term of Beddou is a general term ks
diyinity, and not the name of any MrticQlar
angel ; nor do they know that the ^oodhisti
count no less than 400,000,000 aonla. The
habit of writing the name of this Deity
under the address of their letters was con-
tracted by the Arabs from an inunemiMial
time, as they adopted the Indian Jifurm
{rakam al kindi\ which they transferred to
Europe under tne name of Arabic figmes.
The Ansariah add that the mystical and occult
letters like A. L. M. placed before some chap-
ters of the Curaan, like B. D. U. H. are the
representative of the Deity worshipped in
olden times under that name in different coun-
tries. They profess that not only in oar world,
but also in the other worlds, which number
millions, the Supreme Being, though be ap-
peared at different times under different names,
IS always the same, and that, thereloTe, all
the nations of the different worlds adore th^
same Deity under different names. The same
Ansariah conclude that Osiris, Jupiter, Giore^
Tabu, Jehovah, Bduh, Oaoduna, etc, ax« no
other than Allah himself, and that however
different may be the form of the worahip, the
object of it IS the same.
-. Jy fawdd^jf The camel litter in ^which
Arabian ladies travel, a vehicle in ^wbich a
bride is carried. Inguina camelgi.
^
(279)
Jj^fHMrdMt Ezoeasve heat. Boiling
[« a pot). SlMddiiig, itrMiiiiiig (blood).
Bntiiig (as ^ polM). Diffnnng (odour).
j«5/«% SaooesB in an ondertaking.
vnorj, npcfiontjr.
ieffikk, A doUi which they wrap
nod (he middle when eoing to bathe. A
UBdoriiBpedIiiduui€lo&. A kind of iqpton.
jy^ Saperiority, exceUenoe, alti-
tak Avfay Abore, more than. Bendee,
*^ jy J'* Tpwarda. J^^^>
I^ofinmds. ^J*^ O^' Ahove the
groond. ^\^y, Above measare,
exeeanrelj. xjUl) j^, Unosaal, oat
of tiie eommon role. J^u!t ^^y
Bernd expectation.
o^J/ividi^, Superior, supreme.
JyMBeana.
; J y^ l|i4y And he had hair upon
^head like the taile of horaes, and two eyea
Hke two boning ooala ; and he had a third
T'^ io his forehoid, tike the eye of the lynx,
Boa vbich there appeared aparka of fire.
^"j^/Mt (or iU;f3)i An index, siini-
niiT, cjihhaa, table of eontenta, catalogue,
QTOloiy, iiat A canon, role. The pre&oe
orbegiamigofabook.
^f^ Understanding, intellect.
y^fi^ Learned, intelligent.
J fillet into, among; above; of, to,
*^ far, by, eoneeming, notwithstanding.
^^^, Wholly, totally, entirely,
^B*<BDa&j, in an things, npon the whole, to
Ba up all. Jl^^^ , Immediately,
"d^j, instantly. IjLa^\ _i,
^J, truly, in effect, in fact. ^
»jyi,Beally, effectively. Jr^b J,
Vithia. Cflj ^ydi ^, In the
nesn time, alter which, then. J$ ^
sj'^t Efeiywhere. ^jJl J^l ^,
Long ago. j^^\ j^«ij ^v» ^^ ^®
hottom of the affair. J-11M3^^
jlfil uJ|^tj, By night and by day.
j^^^H ^, Yesterday, ^\ii^^^ j*^ ^,
One day. jyi\ ^, Immediately, in-
atantly. ^
fjo^faifydd, Copious, plentiful. Liberal,
generooa, profoae, bonntifhl. An oTerflowing
river. [nnoultlTated districta.
^Lifajfdft (pi., sing, not used), Deserts,
j^j^/lriU ('Jj>^)» A turquoise stone.
f^'^ faifMalf A decision, decree, deter-
mination of a lawvnit, a definitiTe sentence from
which there liea no appeal.
^jo^ fayi^ Plenty, abundance. Grace,
IkToar. Bounty. Flentifnl, redundant, OTer-
flowing, many, numeroua. Publxahing, divulg-
ing, rcTealing, communicating.
^UiJ/<iya(2afi,Bedundancy, superfluity.
4^^/^/, An elephant The bishop in chess.
^jLj filaddfia, Phikdelphia. The
capital dty of the Ammonitea ; the aame with
Babbath.
i_*p -^j* foyl(t9^ft A philosopher.
^yJui fayldkan^ The plant papyrus.
UbJ /tmA, In that which, from that
which, ao that, on which, whence, why, whilst,
in the mean time, according to. JuuUmJ,
After this, henceforward.
(Jl^UjiJ fuyikd&if Inundations, over-
flowing. Peooliar and abundant gifia of
Provi<Mnce.
iji fjfah^ A troop of men.
My^ FayyUm, Name of a province and
a city in Egypt, m^ fayy^^t a pro-
vince of Egypt, atretching out into the desert,
by which it ia almoat entirely aurrounded.
It oonsistB of a valley, nearly environed by
a circuit of hills, 40 miles from Cairo. Ext,
40 milea long, by 80 broad. Ihte. Fertile,
and in thia reapect equal to other parts of
Egvpt. Pro. Duna, rye, barley, flax, cotton,
and anfar; roaea are also cultivated in oon-
desirable quantitiea, to aupply the manufac-
toriea of roae-water carriea on in Fayoum,
the capitaL Manf. Woollen, linen, and cotton
fiibrica. The communication with Cairo ia
carried on by caravans, which set out weekly
from the village of Tamieh. These are loaded
with ahawls, aackoloth, mate, roae-water, 9^
oli
(280)
.IS
oliTei, datei, etc.; and raw oottoo, eofee,
Boap, clotba, and several other Enropean
oommoditieB are brought back. Bgp. ifntm-
certained^ bnt oonsiderabk. iij*x^
l*^l madinai al fayyam, The capital
of the above province, though mvch dedined
from ito ancient wealth, ia about a mile and
a half in circumference ; and the houses, con-
sisting merely of bricks dried in the sun, com-
pose an assemblage of gloomy huts, ibound
it are scattered numerous remains of antiquity.
Lot. 29' 27' N. Lon. 80" 39* E.
J Eaf, The twenty-first letter of the
Arabic alphabet, expressing 100 in arithmetic.
\j^^ kdhid, Taker, seizer. An astrin-
gent, constipator. •-^jj^JV^^lS, The
seizer of souls.
JjlS kaM, The future. That which is
next or approaches, the following (year).
Possible, capable, skiUnl, sufficient. Able.
^UU:;^.)^ J^lii MM td thtimdUyah,
Probable. <UUi>.Xl JjU -ji, Im-
probable. " ' '^
ibis kdhilat, The next night. iLU
(pi. Jjly), A midwife.
ilLlS haUhyai, Capacity, skill, aptitude,
oonveniency, appetite, al -A\ t jjb
l^^ iLLU ImOi gahl lahu h&Uhyat
^«s7m«A, This boy has a very good appetite.
He eats very heartily.
J-jU E&hil, Cain*
Jjlj k&tU, Killer, murderer.
jJIS ladir. Potent, powerful, capable,
skilful. Able. J li^-j jJbl l.,.^ Ji
^ JS ijJLfll iSA
If LaS ^ \jcM cJc^ ^li Cicu>- \fl<
For what reason hast thou
presented to me this present P Tell me thine
affair, and acquaint me with thy want ; and if
I be able to perform it, I will perform it for
thee this moment, without plaang thee under
the necessity to weary thyself.
I iiM jU Kddiif Cadis, a piovinoe of Spain,
a A Bdaluaia, bounded N. bythe provuca
Seville and Huelva, 8. and w. by the Stnj
of Gibraltar and the Athmtic, and E. 1
Malaga. Arm, 8906 square miles. IM
Traversed by the Bond mountains in the £
but fertile in general, and yielding the wi
cereals, with fruits of almost every kiii
Miven. The Guadiaro and the Gnadald
with their tributaries. Fop, about 360,0<j
This province is one of the three into whu
the ancient kingdom of Seville has hd
divided. ^jU ^^^ maiinalthd\
Cadis, andently Gades, a fortified dtj
Spain, in Andalnsia, the principal traoii
P|ort in the south of that country. It
situate at the extremity of a long tongw
land projecting from me island of Leon, (|
isthmus of which forms a vast bay, one of t]
finest in the world, and affordine exoell^j
anchorage for shipping. Its li«ithoiise I
St Sebastian lb 172 feet high. The tows
surrounded by the sea on the north-east ai
west, and its form is nearly a square of I
English mile. The houses are hif h, the
in some parts narrow, which, vnth the
neas of the windows, gives them a glooi
appearance. The chief buildiugB are t
hospital, custom-house, the churches, ooATeo
and a bull-ring. The private houses are,
general, white-washed, and painted y^o
The trade of Cadiz has fluctuated greativ, U
there are fow laree seaports in Europe thi
are not occasionalTy connected with it 1
the adjoining country, linen is manu&ctun
in considerable quantities, and there are ^
dnctive salt-pits; whilst its dependenejr,
Mary, is the centre of the trade in
wine. Fop. about 60,000 or 70,000.
se'* ar 41" n. Xof». r ir ir w.-
city was taken and pillaged in 1696 by
EngliA. In 1626, an unsnooesaftil tH^
was made on it by Lord Wimbledon ; and
1702 by the Duke of Ormond and Sir Ge
Rooke. In 1800 it was bombarded bv ^
British, and in 1808 the French fleet off tadl
surrendered to the Spaniards. It was mi
wards blockaded by tne Frendi, who did d^
leave it till after the battle of Salsmssd
in 1812. In 1820 it was made a free poi
but it did not enjoy this advantage till ISS
— Cadis IB very ancient, having been founded I
the Phosnicians. Cadii means in the Fhopo
cian language the Holy, and it was fouod^
by some of &e merchants of I^p<di in Svni
who gave it the name of the river whitj
traverses their town, called Gadisfaa or tij
Holy Biver. I
i*jlj kddim, Coming, arriying.
j\a tdr, Pitch. jshij
c^li kdr^, A boat belonging to a lai]^
cj\j kdri^, Gainer at drawing loti
iej\j, Adversity, evil. ic^lSH, Th
day of judgment.
(281)
<^i;
WB6II
DuDttcos tai Horns, finely situated on the
brow of a lull only tliree hours from
dCj the ADcient J^aptha. Between
theae two places the cold is so intense that
muj ^enoos bare lest their livee through it
Tbe Tietims commence to langh, and they
contiiMK to do 80 till Ibey die. The only
renedj, wben Ae symptoms of langfaing eom-
neao, ii to nu^e ibiB patient walk, and to
beat him, M as not to let the dreulation of
the bbod be stopped. Many persons ha^e
Ittt tiuirjioaBi in consequence of the oold —
beooe eomce the Arabic saying : ^^
fietvee&Ianh and Nwtha the daoghters of
tbe bags weep and cry (oat of the cold).
l»jj k^rat, A flask. An alabaster
vitt (for oinmient}.
.jtji Sarin, Supposed to be the same
pawn called Korah (Numbers chap. xtI.^,
▼hoffl the Mahometans describe as the cousin
rf Mofei He is frequently alluded to by the
vofti lad moralists, not only as extremely
baodwrne, but as possessed of immense wealth,
■foiled by his skill in ehemistry, and ^e
^Ms>raj of the philosopher's stone ; whilst
^ mriee is represented as so remarkable,
tto liis same is proTerbially applied to all
BJwn. They add, it was on account of his
'^^ to pay Hoses a tythe of his possessions
f'T the poblic use, that the earth opened and
twillowed him np.
;>• kdri, A reader.
-^ iditm, part Dividing, distributing ;
<trtnTwtife.
^^ iasi (fern. ij-»l5), Hard, cmel.
^^^ Ja>- jitial idtiyiln, A monntain
'« the north of Damascus, where Oriental tra*
^OfQiaertsthat Cain killed his brother Abel.
-*-• idiWr (fern. J;--»U), part. Excori-
•ai?theikin(aMow).
"* ^ iotid (fem. ifju^U), A messenger,
^ eoorier. One who definitiTely intends to
*^' f9BK«iimg or to go somewhere, and is
^'^i or preparing to act accordingly.
Juil\ xM), The delegate of the
|Vj& Byna, who has his residence in Mount
^^ idrir, Befecdve, insufficient, un-
q«l impotent [driving.
-^^ iiUif, part Breaking, shaking,
f^ Idii {UsBL iLAi), Bemote, &r
fiataat.
^U kadi, A «adi, a judge, eivil,
criminal, and eocle8iastic.^^xAMa31 ^^^»
An army judge. c:->U-W\ ^^>
(God) thejudgeof the neoesiitiee (of mankind).
J^J, Jj^ ^^ *^J33 **^ ^^^J
\jbyi\ a3\, I. continued sitting in the
same place until sunset, in a state of distrac-
tion from the violence of my passion, when
lo, the judge of the city came riding along,
with slaves before him and servants behind
him, and alighted, and entered t^e house from
which the young lady had looked out ; so 1
kmew that he must be her father.
iA>\j kdiibat, All (mankind), every one.
Jo\j kattTf part. Distilling gum (a tree,
especially that called dragon's blood), drop-
ping urine.
«Jbli kdti^, part Gutting, rescinding,
dividing, separating. Decidve, peremptory,
categorical. i}ij^^ ^^t A cut-
purse, a highwayman, an assassin,
d^lj kdti^if^h, Consumption (in trade).
tmf ^aiayih kati^yah ^Jmahj This article
has a great consumption.
^U kdtm (pi. ^Uai), An inhabitant
AftlS id^^, A saloon, drawbg-room, a
hall, the parlour; the best and largest apart-
ment in the houae.
iXxU Id^id, Sitting, sedentary.' IaJJ^
And when the sun rose, he arose and opened
the door and ascended to the top. He sat
there, and ceased not to mt until nightfalL
ise^j ha^idaty The base, basis, founda*
tion, ground- work. The metropolis, capital.
A xiile, custom, institution, mode, manner,
style, regulation.
uJli Kdf, A £Ed)ulous mountain, an-
cieniiy imagined by the Asiatics to surround
the world, and to bind the horizon on all sides.
JLlilS h&JOat or haJUah (pi. of Ji^ ), A
earevsn, a body of trwellers.
$\j
(282)
U
iLilS l&fiyatuT kdfiyah^ A poem, rhyme,
cadence, metre ; the last conioiiant in a rene,
to which all the other diatichs rhyme.
^IS kdhdahf Cardamoms; t^ medicine.
fi\j Jtdkum, The ennine.
JlS itd/ (To Bay). He said. Jli^JJ
ktUu-kalf People's remarks, talk, whisperings,
grnmhlings (These two words are yerhs, 8rd
pen. eing. pret. JlS, is actiye, he
said. (Ja3 is passive, it was said).
Va^U kdltb, A form, model, mould,
anythingin which or from which another is
made. The hody, a bust, shape, figure, body.
^li kdlt^ Who polls up or out, ex-
tirpates.
i^\i kdnuU, The stature, shape, form,
figure. X«U!1 J>£^ tawll ai kdmah,
A tall man. i^\si\ f^^ai kasHr al
kdmahf A short man, of a short statute.
Shape, form, and frame, are expressed by
«33 kad.
^Ij kdmi^ part. Subduing. A con-
queror.
^/*0y^\j idmns, The ocean, the middle of
1^ sea. The name of an Arabic lezioao,
compiled by Firosbadl, who liyed in the I4th
century, contemporary with Tamerlane ; who
made him a present of 6,000 ducats as a
reward for his industry and learning. This
dictionaiT was translated into Latin by Gig-
geus, ana publiehed at Milan, a.d. 1632.
ulS kdni^, Contented, satisfied.
(JJurl \j\i, Cana of Galilee, a small town
of Galilee in Palestine, in the tribe of Zebulun,
where Christ performed his first miracle. It
is so called to distinguish it from Cana in the
tribe of Asher.
^y \j idnUn, A species of dulcimer, harp,
orsackbut; the strings of which, from fifty
to sixty in number, rest upon two bridges, and
are touched by both hands, without making
use of any kina of plectrum or bow. Its name
is from we Greek jcay^r, or frxim the same
origin, and has the same sisnification, that is,
ruUt ^^t cuttom. It is laid upon the knees
of the performer, and played wiUi two plectra
attachra to the fore-fingers, each plectrum
beine placed between the finger and a ring or
thimDie. There are three chords (of lamb's
gut) to each note, and generally twenty-four
treble chords altogether. A canon, rule, regu-
lation, form, mo£, manner, law, usage, cus-
tom, constitution, statute, ordinance.
JblS kdhtr (partOi Subduing; triumphing.
A conqueror. i^jS^ Ui ^13 l^
when the event appointed by the Lord o
creatures, the Lord of the earth aad
heavens, befell us, I said, 0 oompanioi
arms and soldiers, can ye prevent tnat n
hath befellen me from the Mighty Kingf
ijib\3 k&hirat or kdhirah^ A conquer
yictriz, Augusta, 9jib\&\ Alk&kk
2 "he victorious) Al Cairo, or Grand 0
e metropolis of i^ypt It was so b«
by Giauher, general to the first FaUi
IQialif of Egypt, who ordered the foundd
to be laid ^.d. 968) when the planet 1
was in the ascendant (to which the An
astronomers give the epithet of kabir, oi
conqueror). It was completed in firejl
and was considerably enlarged by soccee
princes, particularly by Saladin, who intl
the new and the old town, called Mn
Foethath, with a wall 26,000 cubitiinciro
ference.
Jjli hdydf A governor, president
^JL^\, The general of an army.
u^lS kdffff A phjdognomist) a m
mancei^ a fintone-telkc, aldlkd in sagos.
JjIj kUffl (or IjIj kdiflan), Saying.
JSUllJj ItUah* durrul Mya, This i
phrase used to express admiration of the
ness to the subject of the words or versa o
author quoted. It may be translated, '
God be ascribed the ezoellenoe of the v
of him who said,'* etc. ; or, *' God be pn
for the aptness of his words who said," etc.
perhaps, <* Divinely did he speak whoesid,"
Jli kdym (fem. ^Ij), Standing, er
firm, fixed, durable, constant. YigiUot,
tentive, assiduous, perseTering.
i*lL« haym mtJtdm, A lieutenant, a v
gerent, the Kaimacan. UjU cs.
Jju^ iji^\ ijJ\j J-Jj l^S3 ^
*^!^y^r^^ jy j^ JjJ dJ
He then arose erect upon lus feet, and k
the head of his sister, aiter which hie desce
from the top of the palace, he and his sist
c»;Li hhdhf Vaults, cupolas.
^Li hahdhatf Deformity, villany, b
ness, dishonesty, a crime, a fenlt, a rat
action. Base, shamefuL
^
(283)
JLJ hldbi or kabdM, Any coniraot,
specuUy of bixgim and sale^iigned by a judge.
;U5 JMdn, A gpeat pair of scales.
f'lj labdyih (pi. ofi^Ji), Crimes, etc.
jSli kbd^a (pL of ILi), Tribes,
faunilia,ete.
•^ hM (pL of £ij £u3iaA), Domes,
cupolas, doDied edifices. ^1 vj:..%ftA^
^^ ;:r**^ ^U}\ Vib v/^ ^^
conyinced, therefore,
tbit the dome which I had seen waa one of
tit tggs of the nikh ; and I wondered at the
vorki of the Creator, whose name be exalted !
*j knUai, A cupola, vault. ^\ ^
^l^^-^^j\ A mo6(rae with a kioek, near
^^™cM, where the Pasha who conducts the
Haj pases tilt inftn^siit of his journey.
sl\uhihaiul lUMT, Th« Anh of Yio-
^. Hint {u from where the Barada, or
KiTer of Damascus (the Ghrysorrhoea, or
^^^ Stream) breaks out from the moun-
^ 00 the crest of a hill oTerhanging the
plus, itaodft a Mah or sepulchre of some re-
Tikd Miusnfaiiin saint. This place is called
&9^Atd Xasr, sod is much resorted to on ac-
l^'tBt of iti unctity, tiie Parity of its air, and
^<a TOgoificeot Tiew it affords. Here the Tast
p^ of Damascus, with the city in the fore-
rnasd, and the suburb of Ssuahiah at his
;^ can be sdmixed by the trareller, and de-
'f^tlus pleased fiincy. Strictly speaking,
^' plain is bounded by a ridse of low hills,
''^ bgwerer. in the neat ouUine ; but, to a
\^fy>a vmng from the mountains, it appears
'^'^ i sea of land — the commencement of a
'^ world. The city itself stands about two
^a to the east of the mountains, em-
y^v^ amidst gardens, and encompassed by
^ ame to a great extent all around. From
^Zic^ tha dense mass of Terdure, varying in
^ ^la from the effects of a beautiful sun,
^>ii^ and minarets without number raise
'^Jftateljheads hifh up into the air, and
!'«£ «nh the works of nature in gracefulness,
' <^ aad »7mmetry. The River Barada, as
'"131 it issues from the cleft in the moun-
^*^ ia imiunfiately divided into three smaller
f^ Thebugttt, which is the middle one.
"i- iffftlj to the city, and is there distributed
'' t^e different pubhc fbontains, baths, and
--t^ns; whilst the other two, branching off
^ Ad left, contribute mainly to the luxu-
^^ T^^eutioa which adorns the environs,
"•th-eart of the dty their scattered waters
^^ sgatn into one channel, and after flowing
'*vds the eastern hills for two or three
hours, are finally lost in a marsh, which from
hence appears like a small lake. Well may
it be called BiK^ham-uth-aharif, *< noble and
beautiful Damascus " ; and well may the en-
thusiastic Arab be excused when he applies to
it the more exaggerated epithet of jannah^ or
<< terrestrial Paradise." It is indeed a rare
and lovely sight, ^/^j*^^ ^ kubhat
tidrls. The Arch of Enoch, or the Dome of
Enoch. This is the name which the inhabitants
of Balbec give to a small octagonal building
like a temple, surrounded by eight beautifiu
granite columns, which are nearly all standing,
tiiough the roof has fallen in. Ijiis is situated
in the plain towards the Bekaa, about half an
hour's walk from the town or ruins of Balbec.
The Bible tells us that Cain built a city and
called it after the name of his son Enoch (Oen.
iv. 17). How could he build a city when he
had no people to make dwell in it P Probably
he built some habitations in this place, and
called it the building of Enoch. The plain of
Bekaa, or Coele-Syna, must be the cradle of
the ancient patriarchs, since in the same plain,
and half an hour from Zahle, on the south
side of the village of Eerak, the inhabitants
show what they suppose to be the tomb of
Noah, and this consists of a tombstone about
ten feet long, three broad, and two high,
plastered all over. Over this is a long struc-
ture, "'f '"g nearly sixty feet, the height
of Noah aooording to ne local Oriental tradi-
tion. The Turks visit the grave, aad aaart
that Noah is really buried there. An hour
and a half from the tomb of Noah, two hours
frt>m Zahle, and half an hour from the village
of Fursul, is the ruined temple called Hermes
Nieha, the celebrated god of antiquity under
the name of Mercury, the messenger, inter-
preter, and cup-bearer of Jupiter.
^ iabhy Reprobatioii, detestation, hase-
ness, villany, meanness, deformity. Kabikf
Bad, useless.
j^ kabr, A sepulchre, tomb, monument.
- y jj kabr Noah, The tomb of Noah.
(See (^jfc>^ ^ kubhat idrii, the
Temple, Dome, or Arch of Enoch).
{j^Ji KubroB, The island of Cyprus.
^j^y A Cypriot. ^j^ ^Vj, The
vitriol of Cyprus; copperas.
kahd, Taking, seizing, capture,
sequestration. Griping. Constipation. Con-
traction. JlSj JUJ\ JJ ^J-c c/a-ii
j6Ai Ji, And he laid hold upon the
Jf*
(284)
^
jMtrtoi^f hand, Htying to him. Enter, and speak
with my master ; for he caUs for thee. And
the porter wonld have reftised to enter with
the page ; bnt he conld not
kabdat or kabdah, Power, the gripe
of a sword; a handle. LfJLJ «X>*f jli
d^l^, And when ihou sbalt have
digged her to thee, thon wilt have obtained
her, and she wiU he in thy possession ; then
take care of the dress of feathers, for as long
as it remaineth with thee, she is in thy power,
and in captivity to thee.
kubdat, A handftil.
kJ kibt (or iJaJ), Copts. This word
is the abhremtion of the Greek word At-
, ^ouptiotf an Egyptian ; for the y was pro-
nonneed ou, among the ancient Greeks ; and
the Arabs, having neither p nor g before a, o,
«, always substitute for those letters k and b.
The Copts then are properly the remains of
the ancient Egyptians. They are ▼er? honest,
Tery polite, and Terr learned at ihe same
time. By these qnalificationa they became
the only depositanes of the registers of ^e
lands and tribes. Under the name of writers,
or secretaries, they are in all Egypt the inten-
dants, secretaries, and collectors of goTem-
ment, and exercise the greatest influence in
I^t.
<mmj\k3 kabkdh, A wooden shoe or sandal.
JJ JMl, The anterior part, the front.
Before. Jj£L jjt J^, Before entering
or arriying.
aJlj kiblai or ikihlah, Anything opposite ;
that part to which people direct their face in
prayer (especially Mecca ; towards tiie Caaba,
or temple, of which ci^ the Mahometans,
in whaicTer quarter of the world they are, torn
themselyes when going to pray. Uii
cy^b ^ Ju-Jl life uXUlt J\j
CLfylil J>tr>Mi1j iX^mJ^ ^Lj&\ fJmSSmi^j,
And when the king saw this lion, he made
sure of destmction, and turning his &ce
towards the south, he pronounced the two
professions of the faith, and prepared for death.
£JuS htMit or kublahf A kiss.
ialnry Tombs. ^ JJb ^Jlx J^Ijj
jl^l^ ^jmLtJi], ITpon this table ha
eaten a thousand oao-eyed kinn« and a tiw
sand kings eaoh soundin botn eyes. AH
them haTe quitted the world, and taken |
their abode in the sepulchres and the grsTe^
fjyfj iabul, Beoeiving&Yoorably, takij
well, consenting, granting. ApprobatioB, oi
cession. J^^^ 4ji/» Acoeptab
agvseable. [taa]
ijj kubhah, A Tanlty an arch, a capola
kabih (fern. X<i.«i), Deforms
ngly, shameful, base, iai^l T^>
a hideous appearance. ^
xJ^mJ kahllaif A tribe, a fsmily, ahoui
kindred, parentage, race, line, stock, gen^
tion, progeny.
Jl!a kUdl, A battie, eonilict» oomb
engagement, daughter, carnage, destnurti
opposing, fighting. ilJij\ AkL U! ^
^^ ti^j COJl J^ ViJjl
^J^J t)^ J^!^ ^i/*''* So wl
he was told that thou hadst fourht with
kinff, and tiiat conflicts and slan^ter had
sued between you, he was terrified, and fla
J^ kattdl, Deadly. J\^ \y^ id
katidl, A deadly medicine. ^ U3 c j
jQ^kaUdl, A starving anger. Jcji
hard ktUtal, A deadly odd.
Jsj kail, Slaughter, murder, death.
kill, murder, daughter.
J^ koM (fem. iLL^S), Killed, m
dered. Js^ rJ^^J ir^^ **^ ^
he came to the tree, and threw himaelf d
like one slain, desiring to take rest by bis;
trate condition, and not knowing uiat e
one who is an object of search resteth i
and none knoweth what is hidden from
in the secrets of destiny. [•]
Jcj hUaU (pL of J^ imUl), '
kakbak, A whore.
k^ koM, Soardty, barrenneBs, steril
deamess, penury, hugeiv vaAt» fi^Twitt^
IjJ
(285)
jj
J^ FMhtan, The name of a man
oUed the ftdw «r Anbia Faliz.
«
j1^, The flcnrer called duysaii-
sf ii^(Apar&fepzeoediiigTei:!», rig-
nAiig in tiie preterite), eertunlT, already,
Boe time niee, long ago, formeny (he did
K^: (k&n fcrbf in liie praMst or Intare)
icKtiBB^ nov and thea (he wili come) ; in
viudiBenie JiS ia alao need; though
^H vdl as maaj other paxtLdea, are often
■m aplcdTo, which gire a nerroQineM or
^esaee t» the ftyle, whilat the sense wonld be
I. jiib^jStataie,
ibipe^fiime. Jilt JijoiMMuliad,Tall,
^s^itaUstatare, tit&\j^^ huHrtU
Uj 8faoit, haying a ahort atature.
^\ Jj&ft« fm^UMhd had. Having a
■iddlingttatore (it la better toaay Jj jt
4«UliBdifUlt^^). SjumJ) Uw
<i A:^t^ »«xi^ 4JU9- cultbji And
^ dte ladj Dnnja itood there, ^e looked
*^^9m him, nd ohserred the hean^
«f ha £ms, nd his elegant ton.
^^ htak, A fiie-ateeU a tinder-boz,
or oyfhiiig similar. ^3ihaiddl^K
^ Apotter, a maker of glass wave.
L^^Ji iaiiili, The maaa.
^'•vj hddAm^ Ancieat, anterior, prior.
Tile front, the projecting part ^t oi
ij^; Befiire aome. blC«tjj, In
T^preflence. ulXetjJ^, From
rw pmeDoe. ^t ji yjjUlt ^jt ,
ht the table before me. ^JLaj )
^lif , Bo not walk before me (in my
''^hb cvxj the pUte (which is) before me.
y/^so^y^^f Take away thia
fi^myrigjit. S^j\fSsiJ^\^X
^ 1^ pat the sogar before the child.
^y^ f^*^ ^/^\ J^f Take away
^ «8virikieb ia befere tha ehiU.
^Jki haddh^ A eap, a glaaa, a bowl, any
drinkiiig reasel, espedBlly of the larger aiie
(soffleittt for two m«a).
j^ kadar, Fate, deatiny, divine pie-
deatination, providence. Ij ^jl£ Jiu
■l^vjflJScA'
u^l
^ jj^ , I am grieved, 0 my mother, for
that which haa happened to thee ; but erery-
Aing is in aocordimce with fote and destiny.
jjj ladTf Worth, value, dignity, office.
Power, ability. i jilt J^ , Of ex-
alted rank. ^'
jSi kadar, Qoantity, aa much aa. «X>>
Jjjj ttf^Jj ihoB kadarmd iuridf Take
as mnch as yon please.
{•Jj hudratf Power, potency, vigour,
force, prowess, anthority, Tirtne. One of the
attribatea of God, oaiiiipoteBoe, providence.
' 0 God, I implore thy forgiTenesa c^ all
offences, and torn to uiee repenting of all
fcnlts. 0 Lord, there is no animadrerting
upon Thee with respect to Thy judgment and
Tny power!
^ji hadriyah, Those who believe in
fataliam, feitalists. h %d>si\ c.^<Jb<x«
mtzAob al kadriyakf Fataliam.
^^Jj JTuds, Jerusalem.
A jJ iadam, A fbot, the sole of the foot,
the fore foot, a footstep. A step, pace.
, Or that thy repentance will
avail thee when thy feet will fail thee ? Or
that thy companiona will concern themselTes
for thee in the day when thy doom will sum-
mon thee P
U j3 kudamd (pL of ^ Ji)i The ancients.
^y^Si EadmUt, An important district,
situated between Tripoli and Latakia. There is
no doubt that this district received its name from
Cadmus, the son of Agenor and the brother of
Syrna, Giliz, Phoenix, and Europe, who ^ve
their names respectively to Syria, Cilida,
PhcBuicia, and Europe.
^?
(286)
!/
i^jj kidwat, An examplci model, any
person or tiung imitated ; a man of renown.
j\jli\ ij^yif An example of justice, a
model of equity. (^^J'^^ ^j^^* ^
hononr or pattern to his nation.
;jM^jJ kuddus, Holy, blessed ; hence
one of the names of God.
i*^ Jj kudum, The approach or arrival of
a person near to us. A^^J^d^^ic^MsJjb
hal »ami^ bikudumuh, Haye yon heard of his
arrival? ^^Jlaj w«^ ^ J^J^^
jr^^hiai oiJ\f Every one who heard of
his arrival, came to him, and inquired the
state of his voyage, and the state of the
different countries, and he informed them.
AjjJ kaddum, A hatchet, an axe.
jj jj Jtaild, Dried, shrunk. Flesh smoked
M
or dried hy the wind,
jjj kadir^ Powerful. An epithet of
God. Jlc u:^^^ Jju; I* JIJSI uiili
'luJ, For Thou art not to be ques-
tioned regarding that which Thou dost, and
Thou art able to do whatsoever Thou wilt
Extolled be Thy perfection ! Thou enrichest
whom Thou wilt, and whom Thou wilt Thou
impoverishest. Thou magnifiest whom Thou
wilt, and whom Thou wilt Thou abasest.
A^Ji kadim (pi. Ujj), Ancienti old.
Former, j^^ ^ min kadim, Ab '
antique, time out of mind. Uj Jj kadi'
man, Of old. ^^ JJ Pertaining to the
olden time.
i_Jf jj katzdf, A balista, a catapulta, a
cross-bow, or any engine for throwing stones
or darts. JTwzco/, Battlements, pranacles,
turrets. Kizaf, The velocity of a galloping
horse.
. • M
koMff Accusation, crimination, im-
peachment, reproach, censure.
i*\3 kirdat, Beading.
c^Uj kirdb, A sword sheath, also a case
in which it is laid up with all its appurtenances.
ij\j3 kardhat (or ^UmmJ ^|^), Propin-
quity, affinity, relationship, kindred,
guinity, parentage, alliance. \^j\
l\/^\Jj^\^i^ijy^\i, Be
dred by love, and put no trust in kia.
^1^ karrdhah, A large flagon or
with two handles and a spout (espediDji
of glass], in which they allow wine to
foi^ days in order to refine.
^\J kardhln (pL of J}J hwM
Sacrifices. Beasts sacrificed or for sacrifiee.
j\Ji kardr, Constancy, firmness, stabili^
A safe, undisturbed habitation, rest, pe«M
quietness, repose. Conclnsion, determiiutior
j^\j^^ kardr al hahr, The bottom o
the sea. ij^^j^\ dXlJ ^/^^
Jl/
^\yti\j, This island had moved, a
descended to the bottom of the sea with i
that were upon it; and the roaring *
agitated with waves, closed over it.
krdl or kirdl (firom the Sdavonu
A king, chief, prince. |
^^U|^ JTardmdn^ Garamania. A toi
in Asiatic Turkev, in Caramania. Pop. liM
The town stanos at the 8. extremitj ci
large plain, and at the foot of the loftV m
of Bealerin-da^h, a branch of Mount taan
It covers with its squares and gardens a la
area: the houses are of mud and son-^
bricks. The climate is salubrioui. Wa
abundant Four mosques, with the nisi
others: numerous Uums and baths. Oai
on a height, now decaying. Trade w
Eaisariah, Smyrna, Aleppo, Tanus, in oot
fabrics, hides, and nut-galls. It has a pn
exteosive manu^Miture of blue cotton ck
worn by the lower classes. Kmii^inaii^ wk
occupies the site of the anci^it LarajMiA
said to have been founded by Karamaa 0^
a powerful prince, living in the 1 4th cent
It was the capital of a Turkish kin^
which lasted from the time of the partr
of the Seljuldan dominions of Iconium
1486, when Xaramania was subjected by
Ottoman emperor Bayazet II. Koniehl
became the seat of the Pashalic, and I
that period Karaman has been grsMluallj
ing into decay.
j^l^ kirdn, Approach, junction, conji
tion of planets.
^^\j3 kurdn, Beading. The Alcoran
^j|^ kirayai or ktra^-ai, Beading al
(287)
-V»
J i km^m (pL of Lj^ iarfnai), Indi-
aom from whowe iaftmieei an drtwn.
iBfisaeeL [proach*
w;i ii0^, ITeiglkboiirhood, Ticinitj, ap-
Jd^ Md;^ A riding whip.
J^J hmkn, A saorifice, yictim, obla*
tioB. TWwmiminn,
iij tifkt, A large leather water bag.
ArHKiiM,Tidiiitj, intiiiiacj. AiBnitj,
pmiai^, fnnliaritj.
^i«y/ itfito, The bow of a saddle.
•••
iJ and, Tbe pupil of the eye.
^yjlr«(, Being nloerooa. iQirA,woand-
ing, gkntbig. (PI. ^ j^y ), A wound,
i>j bri^, One wonnd with a aword.
Om ileer, piomle, pnrtnle. XurKatj A small
teas tbe fivdiead of a hone ; ako a speck
• dkeefe. [marmoset
•y M, A male ape, monkey, baboon,
ui IMi^, (pL j^Ji UrHd)f A she ape.
^/ iw, A roimd ball of paste or
cr,
4^/M, Debt, loan.
V*!y CWi^Mwia^, Carthage, a cele-
^d^ of Africa, the riiral of Borne. The
tins of its foundation is nnknoim.
TriteiB saj that it was first built by
tbovl 869 years before the Ohristian
a; othen, serenty-two or mnetj-three years
Ur the (JMradBtion of Borne. Carthage and
ikRjablieiooriihedfbr 737 years; and the
^diita greatest glory was under Hannibal
•1 Haadkv. It maintained three fiunons
*to ifiiast Borne, called the Panic Wan,
>d Tit at last totally destrojed by Bdpio,
2f*KQQd Africanns, B.a 147. In eircnm-
^Meitwas twenty*thTee miles; and when
M ea tie by the Somans, it burned inces-
■iydaraig serenteen days. Csesar planted
>Mi& eoloBy on its rains, mid Adrian reboilt
Jiat <f it, which he designated Adrianopolis.
lit Africa, falling into the hands of the
^is the seventh centory. The Oartha-
P>Miire goTemed as a republic, and had
"^fanss yearly chosen among tiiem with
>^«Kbonty. They bore the diaraeter of a
***■■■ sad treacherous people amongst the
w^ and the prorerb hmiea JUet is wdl
*3^ bat it does not prore that they were
|a lo 1W9, ocaETations were carried on by
^ Eag^ end French archsBologists on the
■tc of ttoB nsiMt city, and ssTeral discoreries,
ftirther rerealiiu^ the social and moral oha*
racter of ita £rmer inhabitants, was the
result.
^ILyi tartdi, Paper.
Liff^ JSurtubahf Cordova in Spain. Also
an ancient town in Phoenicia, near Beirut, in
Honnt Lebanon. The Phoenicians of Kartaba
fbunded as their colony the celebrated town of
CordoTa, the capital of the ^roTinoe of the
same name, in wtuch there existed a magnifi-
cent temple dedicated to Venus by the same
PhoBuieians, near which Alnaser built the town
of Zuhra to the west of the same province.
^y A«^ Bastard saffiron.
ft yi iar^, Knocking (at a gate), beating,
striking (with a stick, etc., on the head).
^^j iU^ d^LJ ^J ^y^ ^U
^J\ imj\i ^^li CL'JJ^, I have no
resource except to knock at thy door ; and if
I am rejected, at whose door sliall I knock P
Ly kara^f Baldneaa. JTtir^a^, A lot.
JLi^ hirfahy Cinnamon. The bark of
an aromatic tree, resembling the camnhire, or
olire-tree, and growing in the island of Cerlon.
Cinnamon-water is mMe by distillinf^ the Dark,
first infused in barley-water, in spint of wine,
or white wine.
jf^ htrhOTy A large ship.
LuubJ^ Eerkeiia, A tpwn on tiie En*
phrates, near the KhabQr.
j^Ji Xirm, The Crimea. The Tanrio or
Cimmerian Chersonese. f^J&\jas^, The
Enxine Sea.
^U^ Karamdn, Caramania (Cilioia).
j^3 kirmig, Cochineal, i^j^ ibrmni!,
Scarlet
ju^ hirmldy Tiles.
^^ lam (pi. (i;j[/)i A horn. An age.
Kam, The top of a mountain ; also a century.
U^ hurand (pi. of ^y iflrfn), Asso-
ciates, companions. The personal suite of the
sovereign.
XiJ kumat, A comer.
Ji3i karanJU, The dove jillyflower.
-jjp kurnh (pi. of -y karh), Ulcers,
sores.
Jjj^ kurikd (pi. of J^), Apes. Jj^l U W
{J^
(288)
^' L5**J S*^/^'» -^"^ *^® ^ps" came
to TUB and snrroimded the Teasel on every side,
Bnmerons as loeustB, and dispersed themselves
about the vessel and on the snore.
^^J hurun (pL of ^ lam), Ages,
spaces of time.
i^y kura* (pi. of i^ *any<f), VUlagos.
c-^y karlh, 'Near, in point of time,
plaoe, or connexion. Keighbonring (place),
near (the time); connected (by relationship).
Nearly, hard by, with, in his possession.
About.
iy iirifat (pi. XAj), A Tillage.
^^ karth, Ulcerated.
iisrj karlhat or iarihah, Natnre, genius,
anything to which the mind has a peculiar
(jjjy RurayBh, A noble tribe in Arabia,
of which Mahomet* 8 grandlather, AbduTmo.
tallub, was prince.
jl^ karfr, Cool, free fjpom redness and
' signs of grief (the eye). ^^ja^Sji/
kartrta j^offn (Whose eyes are free from "all
redness of grier), Happy.
(^y JTtrfm, Crim Tartary. See ^^,
^^ iarin, Connected, joined, next, con-
tignoos, adjoining^ related, allied, adhering,
tied with the same rope. A friend, companion,
eontemporary. doend, of the same age. A
conspirator, assodato. J^jill ^ J,
Acceptable, agreeable. • *
Lj^ karinat, A wife.
Jj iocs, Baw silk.
^jS hwuih, in ^J5 ^jyy,^ hawB-kmah (The
bow of hmah)^ The rainbow.
^^ ktmdn, A cauldron.
jlCt^ kaxdlr, Tin, pewter.
j^UfS The Persian sect of Ali.
fjji koi, A priest. It is the abbrevia-
tion of ^/«-*J katiU, and it is put
before the proper name of the priest, like the
Fra in Italian. L>. ^ , Priest John,
or Brother John. fj^Jij ^, Priest
Peter, or Brother Peter. ^J^j^j
\si>, wa kts ^M head, And so with
x^^gud to the rest; et esstera.
l*Ui kauam, A distributor, a giyer.
jf^Lj kasdwat, Cruelty.
la-^J kitt. Justice, equity. JTm/, Ao
stalment, a dividend.
UmUomJ hutoB, A balance, a pai^
•Bales. Justice, equity. [^
LUxmJ kuttdt, A curtain befiue a d^
<Sj; jVtvVi kMSEu9ia9i^iniyah,Coasttai^\
called also Islambol, or Btambnl. In oil
correspondence the Ottomans call
<uU!t Sj\iJi\ al istdnat ul ^alii/ak\
the High, the Sublime Thiwhold, ths i^
Court or Hall, the Capital (jmt exceUff^
Constantinople.
^^mn\]ruiJ EMimHn, Gonstantine.
|M«J kasam, An oath, dllb ^mmJ, To ^
Qod to witness. Eamn or kitm^ Diri^
|M*i, To diyide, to make a partij
amongst others. To make a measure ig
able to its just standard. To expeodf to
pose of. Jtum, A
lind, sort, species.
of. Aufn, A part, portion, diviacn-
<U«J kttmat, A dirision, distributi
portion, lot, share. Fate, fortune, the de
of God. Destiny.
{j»*i**tA katiU, A priest, a monk.
\JuJ kaahsh, Holm, straw, stubble.
jmJ kUhr, Bark, skin, crust, husk, sh
A-4:-J|^-SJ, An egg-sheU.
»jJm3 kishrat, Any ooTering^ natural
accidental. A shell, pod, husk, scale, i
bark, cuticle, cmst
iijij*^ kuha^rai. Horror, making
hair stand erect The trembling of a frvc
wUu koBBdh, A butcher. [on ^\
<U^l^ koisdhiyai, A certam duty pajf
jLai AoMfir, A fuller, a bleacher, i ,
kismrat. The fiiller's or hleiusher's art. ^
jjfiUaS ^d«, The law of x^taliatj
Bevenge, retribution.
«>jLxj kasdyid, Poems, elegies.
<U^ ^o^ A reed, a cane. Thewi
pipe.
" koBobai, A town, a large rillag
ktBMoi, A history, tale. Cable, i
logue. ^y£ X^j JuJoA £ilC»-
r*-
^
(289)
yM
^^1 And my story iaextraordinaiy,
ad mj tile ii prodiponii and tlie canae of
mT ffm% to tuB momitain ia wondrooa to
nble!
Xfli U; Intention, dcngn, refolution,
toudka, Kope, Tiew, maehhiation, fvo-
j«ct,d£batioii, attempt, endeaTOor, denre,
li^iiL To intend, propoae to one'i self.
^^pnieeeM to aeditate imon her caae,
fldnivitliaihmiBelf: I will liae and la j
atifpoa hff, tad aik her rapeeting her state,
odif tkji be ihe, I will <i*wi^M< her in mar-
^apofkottlf; and tUa ia the thing I aeek.
^ him and Jl^ ^ ^an JbM^n,
^ai Dvgntdlj, with' malice prepenaeu
p i«Mr, To diminiflh, abbremte,
^^ esntnet To draw baek the hand,
^^vithdaw from anj honness.
j^kift k ptlaoe, an elegant Tilla.
Ji^f^ iairwhdilta, Arojal palace.
\j^ Hmt, Hiatories, sarrationsy fables.
^*^ ^^ A dish, a plate, a saucer ;
^ bHOB or teale of a haJanocL
,«^ faiiir, A defect, defenlt, decrease,
^^ vat, defideacj, remainder; error,
si,teli
ff^buir(jL cfj^ bur), Falaoes,
'■Dm, CMtka. «juk AujI 4.,,^ ^l(y
c-'^'i^ i:r* t^y^ ,^5=^^ *^^' cT*
V^\ ^ j-iUI, xiiJ^ ^^, He
^^itiiijonng
<Wbedi]
^ *» ho tronb— — — —
*^ tiap, tDi «Mi thenTbailt aeren palaeos
HUttToav lady his daughter, whom I
Eto tiiee. with eioeedinff love.
Kongitt
each of a parliettlar Uad; the firrt was of
cryatal, the aecond of marble, the third of the
ixoaof Chma, the foorth of metali and pre|doaB
stoaea, the flfUi of onjz, the sixth of aiWer,
and the eerenth of gold. jya&\ al
bMTp The palaces, or jyaA\ ^ J^
nmdSiuU 0I ihtfiir. The town of palaees, now
oalled Ijmor^ is the represcntatiTe of the
ancient Tnebea, rednoed to the condition of a
miserable TiUage ; it baa left astonishing monu-
ments of its magnificence. These monnments
give credilnlitj to all that Homer has ralaled
of its nlendonr, and lead as to infer of its
political power and extenial oommeree. Its
geoeraphical position waa fitTOorable to this
tworola object For, on one side, the Talley
of the Kile, aingnlarly fertile, mnst have eaily
occaaioned a nnmerona popnlation; and, on
the other, the Bed Sea» giTUf communication
with Arabia and India, and the Nile with
Abyssinia and the Mediterranean. Thebea
was thns naturally allied to the richeat conn-
tries on the globe ; an alliance that procured
it an aetiTi^ so much the greater, as Lower
Sgypt, at first a swamp, was nearly, if not
totally, uninhabited. But when at length
this eoantry had been drained by the canala
and dykea which Sesostris oonstrncted, popu-
lation waa introduced there, and wars arose
which proved fatal to the power of Thebea.
Gommeree then took another route, and de-
aoended to the point of the Red Sea, to the
canala of the Sesostris, and wealth and aetivity
were transferred to Memphis Thus Thebes
eootinaed to decline, and Memphis to flourish,
till the time of Alexander, who, building
Alexandria on the border of the sea, caused
Memphis to &U in its turn ; so that prosperity
and power seem to have descended historically
step^by step idong the Nile. The Thebana
considered tnemseWes Uie most ancient people
of the earth, and asserted that with them
originated philosophy and the science of the
stars. They supposed themselTes also to be
the inventors of divine worship, of festivala,
of solemn assemblies^ of sacrifices, and every
other religions praetice; that the Egyptians
were one of their colonies ; and that the Delta,
which waa formerly sea, became land by the
conglomeration of the earth of the higher
eountiT which waa washed down by the Nile.
They nad, like the Egyptians, two speoies of
lettOT — ^hier^lypbics iad the alphalodt ; but
among the j^gjptians the first was known
only to the priests, and by them transmitted
from &ther to son : whereas both species were
common among the Ethiopiana. The ruins
of Thebes, that ancient and celebrated town,
deaerve to be visited, as just these heaps of
ruins laved by the Nile are all that remain of
the opulent citiee that gave lustre to the
ancient Idngdom of Ethiopia. Here is the
monument of its ^lendid metropolis, Thebes
with its hundred palaces, the progenitor of
cities, the memento of human frailty. It
was there that a people, since forgotten, dis-
covered the elementa of science and art, at a
19
l^
(290)
\^p
time wben all other men were barbennii, ad
when a race, now regarded at the refine of
■ocietj, explored, amonff the phenomena of
nature, tnose cifil and reugiona ajBtema which
hare since held mankind in awe.
i^y^ huwtff Far distant, remote
(country, etc.). The extremity.
^U^ hUioh^ A hiBtoryi tale, romance,
fiEible, apologue, ^^t^^ ^^^\
if jt n III \\ SJJb _Lfi Jiifi^l ^\ J^
Know that my atorj is wonderful. And I will
inform thee or all that happened to me hefbre I
attained thii prosperity and tat in this place
wherein thou seest me.
Lioi kasyd, An extremity.
ktuHdat or huHddh (pi. JjLoi and
zAiX^), A poem.
ha^r (fem. ij^^), Defectiye, un-
equal, short
Lii kadd, The office or sentence of a
^'udj^, a decree, mandate, judgment, order,
jurisdiction. Fate, destiny, predestination,
fatality, death. An accident, chance.
J5* ^ j J^j * s^r-V !^' 2» j\j\ \j\
\o\ ^p^ «jbiSl j^if ^dic ^Ui^ J.^
jCi * ^p- U^ ^p- Ui JJJ Ij
*jji^ «LiAi ^j^. When Godwilleth
an eyent to befall a man who is endowed with
reason, and hearing and sight, He deafeneth
his ears, and hlindeth his heart, and draweth
hu reason from him as a hair, till, haying ful-
filled His purpose against him, He restoreth
him his reason that he may he admonished.
Then say not of an eyent. How did it happen P
for ererything happeneth by &te and destiny.
jj^l^ Idill al Jcadd wdl kadar, Fate
and destiny. The belief in fate and destiny
exercises a most powerfid influence upon the
actions and character of the people of the
East, hoth Muslims and Christians. Many
MnsUms hold that fate is, in some respects,
aheolute and unchangeable ; in others, admit-
ting of alteration; and dmost all of them
act, in many of the affairs of life, as if this
were their belief. In the former case it is
called Jl^t LdiSl al kadd al muhkam,
The absolute and unchangeable fite, sod
the latter f^j^\ Li^l al kada .
mubramf The changeable fiite. Hence tl
Prophet, it is said, prayed to he preserred fro
the latter, knowing that it might he sveiU
whilst the muAkam could not be ehan^ Tl
doctrine of the Kui^fcn and the TrsditioDi t
speeting the decrees of God, or ftte i]
destiny, i^pear to be that they are aUomth
aheolute iad unchangeahle, written in tae b
einningof the creation on the Picscryod Tahl
{aiUnouA al mahfut) in heayen ; but still
must he held that He has not predestined t
will, though He sometimes incunes it to goc
and the Seyil sometimes inclines it to «t
It is asked, then. If we haye the power to vi
but not tiie power to perform otherwise tb;
God has predetermined^ how can we be r
guded as responsible beings P The answer
Uiis is, that our actions are judged good
eyil according to our intentions, if we ha
faith: good actions or intentions, it ibos
be addeid, only increase, and do not caoie, a
hafrpiness, if we are belieyen ; and eyil uAo^
or intentions only increase our miseiT if ]
are unbelieyers or irreligious : for the Mmli
holds that he is to be admitted into hesrt
only by the mercy of God on account of li
futn, and is to be rewarded in proportion to fa
good works, ete. On this subject a pliilos
pher makes the following obeeryations: "
IS in yain that man attributes his misfortaq
to obscure and imaginary agents, and lee
out remote and mysterious causes from whii
to deduce his eyils. In the general order
the uniyerse his condition is doubtless sabjecv
to inconyeniences, and his existence OTer-mll
by superior powers; but these powen j
neither the decrees of a blind destiny nor tl
caprices of a fantastic being. ManisgoTeiu
like the world of which he forms a ptrt, |
natural laws, regular in their operation, coos
quent in their effects, immuteble in tb
essence ; and these laws, the common soar
of good and eyil, are neither written in ti
distent stars, nor concealed in mrsteriti
codes : — ^inherent in the nature of sU terr<
trial beings, identified with their eiiiteB<
they are at all times, and in all places, preM
to the human mind ; they act upon the km
inform the intellect, and annex to ereiy ten
its punishment and ite reward. L^t ni
study these .laws ; let him understend his w
nature, and the nature of the beings that si
round him, and he wUl know the sprisp
his destiny, the canses of his erils, and j
remedies to be applied. When the sed
power which animates the uniyerse formed 4
globe of the earth, He stamped on the bdl
which compose its essential properties tl
which beciune the rule of their indiria
action, the tie of their reciprocal oonneii
and the cause of the harmony of the
He hereby estehlished a regular order of
and effects, of principles and consequ*
which, under an appearance of chance, goi
the uniyerse, and maintoined the eqmli
UJ
(891)
of the worE Tba« He gaTe to fire motion
and aetirity, to air eUstieity, to matter weight
ind deimtf; He made air ^ghter than water,
metak hcaiier than earth, wood leas ooheaiTe
than steel; He ordered the flame to aacend,
the itoDe to faO, the plant to Tegetate ; to
naiif vbom He decreed to expose to the en-
ceonta of ae nany subataneea, and yet wished
to praerre hia frail exiatence, He gave the
&altj of ]»eneptioii. By thia facnUy eyery
letba mjoiioiia to hia life nrea him a aenaa-
tkn of pain and evil, ana' eyery fayonrable
sctioft a aeoaation of pleaanre and good.
XatBR^ in forming man, haa aeemingly aaid
tohna, 'Feeble work of my handa, I owe you
Bothiny, I giTc you life. The- world in wmch
I pliee Toa waa not made on your account,
BUTetlgiantyon the uae of it Ton will
ii&da it a mixture of good and eyil : it ia for
m to distingaiBh them ; you muat direct your
0^ stepa in the paiha of flowera ana of
tfafiiBs. Be the arbitrator of your lot ; I place
TDor deitiny ia your handa.* '
^^ hddt (pL of ^U), Judges.
<r^ ladih, A long slender branch or
JfA. A bow of the branch of a tree.
h^ U^yat or Jiadiyah (pi. UUS), A
^. EQbstance, action, fact. A declaration,
pTo^poolion, dedaion, determination.
^iai, Never. Lj^U JUb j-^1 J, I
ficTer heard this news before., njaj \ H
a-'i I will never see him. u^^ jl i
^^1, I will never go to him. J
fii il\ u.^ jt. I never went to him.
^^ aJ cj^ lU haUd/akiariifihi hat,
Kd you never think of it before? <::^\
^* Oj J Jai; J anta lam taf^al talik
H You never did so before. J^ssT A
^ sS^. ^ yakhtwr htbdh hat, It has
2i>tt oMoned to my mind.
^ ^, Cutting a thing transversely ;
fitting or making a pen. Li hiU (pL
^^i^'iai), Ahe-cat
^* ted, A bird of the shape of a pigeon,
^^ in large flocha, and knowing where
^ito ia to be found at a great dirtance.
{^^ h,Ua^ and jJEai (pi. of ^U),
^^bm, assassins. JiJEJl ^, In-
fwun of rotda, highwaymen.
■J^ iiYd/, The vintage. The time of
^Ullage in the moustaina ^ Syria ia about the
ilLS hattaf, A
end of September,
vintager.
(^Uai ib^yi/(pl. of iiAai), A Persian
oaka of fine flour, haney and aeaam6 oil.
\_-^» hM, The polar star, the north
pole. A prince, lord, chief. The iron axle
round which a wheel turns.
^UyuJ^, The arctic, or north pole.
^yj^\ L^^ViS The antarctic pole.
Ja5 hvtfi Dropping, (as water). Kutr,
The aide of the body. A tract or quarter of
the hcavena or earth. A diameter line.
\fX\A^., And he has set over this
tract, of which I have informed thee, hia
eldest daughter, the chief of her sisters ; and
ahe ia distm^ahed by^ bravery and horseman-
ahip, and guile and artifice and enchantment,
by which she can overcome all the people of
her dominiona.
{JL^\Jb3 hUrat (pi. of i^)y Drops.
^Jai katardn, Liquid pitch, tar.
ijai hatrat or katrah, One drop.
^Jai kata^, Cutting off, amputating. To
cut off, amputate, break off, retire, withdraw
from. To terminate, conclude, finish, stop
abort. To fix the price of a ransom. To pass
(a river or bridge). [by no means.
ULi kahan, In no shape) not at all, never,
ijdaS kit^tf A segment, section, portion,
part, division, piece, cut, morsel.
uJibi kataff Gathering in the vintage.
^JiaS kutn, Cotton. ^^, Made of cotton.
^Jai kall^ A flock (of sheep).
^JtAoj katUat, A portion of land (espe-
cially in feudal tenure). Tribute, toll, impost.
^iJai kailfah, Velvet, satin (not used).
Juu ka^, He sat down. To set down.
h
(292)
J^
Kow if thou desire to posBess this damsel, and
to marry her, sit here and wait for her, for
they come on the first day of erery montii to
this place.
ijjfj ka^dat, One siiting, seBsiony or the
space which one person ooenpies when sitting.
j6 ka^r, An abyn ; a gulf; the bottom
or depth of a weU.
Oye ku^ndy Bitting. JjJLuMt \j\ ^J^^
^\ ,j5^0-J^ JJ^U L,;^^, i^l
troubled in heart on aoeonnt of your abeence
from me, and my sadness for your loss, and my
staying in the palace by mysdf.
Juxd ka^d, He who sits with another,
»>., a colleague, a confederate.
Ui ki/d (pi. Lij\), The back part of
anything.
J Hi kafftl, A. locksmith.
iJj kuffaty A basket (especially of palm
leares, in which women keep their cotton
when sewing, etc.).
^liii kaftan, A robe of honour which
Eastern princes present to ambassadors, etc
jU kafr,A desert without herbage. (^ ms\j
iiT* cT^' ^J^ ^J*^ yj <^:-i^
jSi^^ ^ICJl IjJb, I therefore blamed
mvself for that which I had done, and said,
T^onld that I had remained in the island, smce
it is better than this desert place.
^^^asj kafoB (pi. ^USf), A bird's cage.
JiJi kufl, A lock^ a bolt, a bar.
Jij kafl, II caravan. The smallest
caraTan between Aleppo and Damascus used
to be of about one hundred and fifty persons,
mounted on horses or mules, with thirty or
forty camels laden with merchandize. The
female portion are carried in litters, and
takbturwan, placed on the backs of camds,
aiiu screened Joy curtains from the gaze of the
multitude. The men are mounted on horses
richly caprisoned, and followed by attendants
on foot ready to administer to their wants.
itSii h'lddat, A collar, necklace, chain,
or any ornament for the neck.
cis kild^ (pi. of ^kIJ kal^), Forts,
castles, fortresses, fortified places. Sails of a
(*^ \J/^ (£r^ ^'^^■^■I> ^^0 master q
the ressel had caused her sails to be spreaj
and pursued his yoyace with those who Im
embarked, not regarmng such as had bed
submeiged.
fjj (pi. of ^ ialam), Fens,
io/}. The heart. 4^1
uu
^^^
ij\^
.A]
hearts turn towards it, as though it ▼«
formed out of an aasembUige of them
he said, Yes, 0 my uncle ; and I became e^
amoured of her from hearsay, when I hea^
what you said. My heart is captiyated as
deyoted to her, and I haye not force nj
patience to be far from her. ^S^^-^
kali hawruHj The heart of Hawrau. Tl
name is applied to the highest summit of t
mountain of Hawian, bearing S£. from Soa(
To the north, and close to ^ueda, descends
deep stream Essoueda, coming from the moi
tains, where seyeral other ste^ams unite m
it. It is from the numerous streams irhi<
xise in Jabal Hawran (springs being scaice
the plain), that the population of the Ha^
deriyes ite means of existence, and the racee
of its a^culture. It is eroded by a Btroc
well-built bridge, and it tuma fiye or six mi
near the yillage of Soueda.
Ui kalban, Cordially, heartily.
_Ji kalii, adj. Cordial, hearty.
iSj kUltdf Penury, scarcity, indigeod
poyerty.
j^^ JSMkum, Clysma, a town in £gy;i
near Mount Sinai, whence ^^isILai
The B^ Sea. The Bed 9ea is fint meatioiJ
in sacred history in connexion with the mil
culous passage of the IsraeUtes across i
Gulf of Suez. In the time of Solomon i
port of Elath was established on Uie GoL'
Akaba, and for many centuries it yras beU^
that Ezion-jeberalso was on the Bed Sea, whj
this last has been proyed to be situated oo i
banks of the Euphrates, under the nsmel
Hisn-jaber, or the Castle of Jaber, of wb|
the ruins deserye to be yisited and explorj
Since Solomon established Elath on tfie 9
Sea, what necessity had he to establish anot^
seaport with anomer nayy on the same t^
The error proceeds from a bad oonstiuctioo
the translation of 1 Kings ix. 26 (See Snioti
and KeUlaUjaber). The Phoenicians seen
have earned on a urge trade on tiiis sea,Uioi^
t^
(898)
2^
proUilf Aey had no direet eommmiioalioa
vitk India. Hie eazlj Greek writers, indad-
inf flendota^ wem to hare had Terr vig^
Mlum mpeediig tiie Bed Sea; fer the
tp(|^ O^^wMmsenlljeonipriaea, inllieir
etfaittioB, the vliole extent of opaat from the
ladoi to the eoait of Africa. During the
iflBJAnif period of the Penian empire, the
Tnitt Gilf was the medinm throagli which
SMaDdVestflnAflA reeeiTed the wealth
6f Qc Est; hat mider the raooemon of
Akoifa, eipeeiatty the Ptolemies, who
oottd teuelTee to promote the trade of
^ Mfit became an important diannel of
lunHEM betwMn Bnrope and India and
t^&iit This interoonrae continued, with
fit^ JBtenmnon, though not to tiie same
°M H til times, tiU the diaooTcry of the
PMge rand the Cam of Good Hope, by
v^cDBBnee was diTerted into a wholly
iftnat chimd. By the opening of the
ha GuHd, the Bed Sea has recoyered a
ptioatif not the whole, of its ancient im-
pvtaue m a great commercial highway; but
tbe tot aad ihorteet passage bc^een India
Qd fimpe ia, without donht, hy a rail-
^^^ttragh Uie Euphrates Valley, which will
nooethisjoiiniey to a yery few days.
^ y^t Extraction, pulling np, tearing
«!.extirpsting. To draw ont, tear off, ex-
fiipiti, eradicate, eztnct, pull down, sab-
^ oTcrtmny min. Ktla^^ Castles (pL of
^*}- ^tO^ The sail of a ship.
^ U^ (pi. jjj kOa^), A castle, a
^ (e^edally an the top of a mountain).
^^Ipl i^ itO^ai eaerkd, One of the
^oBt of the Syrian Hadj (the sixth from
^^BttKu), occapyinf a commanding situa-
H not ur from the Jabbock of the Scnptures.
ga\^|^ d^ Eal^ Mrulaffhrad,BeL-
Ne, a tovn and fc^rtreas of Serna, near the
ffi^Q of the Saye and Danube, 44 nulee
«m Pttenvaidin. It consists of four parts.
1. Ilie Ibitreai, standing on a steep eminence
» the Goitie of the whole/inclosea with high
^^ lad commanding the Danube. 2. ^e
^-nlediyision. 3. The Bascian town, in
« feetioB of the Saye. 4. The Palania,
vadi oaides the fortress on the south and
^ The number of mosques in the town is
'^'B^'nUe. Man/. Arms, cutlery, saddlery,
^ and silk goods. Jbp. 30,000. Lot.
ytf'g?" 5. Xon. 20' 2^ 14" E-— This
9^ fortress was taken by Solyman, the
gy EnipCTor, in 1522; retaken b]r the
{9*w% under the Hector of Bayaria, in
|Kb tbe ycsr 1789, but were forced to restore
««thepeieeof 1791. In the year 1806 it
l^wvbytiie Serrian inKngmts; and in
«U VIS gittflj injured by the Seryian in-
''^"'ebaiu fiiM &at penod the town has
been oonaidenUy improred. ^U^ ifi^
kdl^jdb0r, and more oommonly ^alS
, _ or
h^m-^eher, The
Jeber Caade, sttnated near to the Biyer Ei»-
phrates. About two miles fix>m the Biyer
Buphxtitesi snd a hundred fSMt aboye it, are
the ruins of the ancient Boman town of Beles.
With the exception of the ruins, the only
buildings an the Turkish banracka, a sheikh s
tomb, tmd a ruined minaret. From this ]^laoe
the <4ien yalley can be seen for twenty nules ;
and the mound of Jeber Castle, with its
minaret, is cfearlj seen. The yalley here is
about fiye miles m width. The hills on the
Mesopotsmia side do not present the cliff-like
appearance of thoee on the Aleppo side. There
are no treea to be seen, merely patches of scrub-
wood. There is no doubt that this Hesn-ieber
is the Szion-ieber of the Bible. *< And King
Solomon made a nayy of ships in Ezion-jeber,
which is beside Eloth, on the shore of the Bed
Sea, in the land of Bdom," (I Kings ix. 26),
ought to be, ** And King Solomon made a nayy
of ships in Esion-jeber, besides that of Eloth,
which is on the shore of the Bed Sea, in the
land of Edom. 27. And Hiram sent in the
nayy his senrants, shipmen that had knowledge
of the sea, with the seryants of Solomon.
28. And they came to Ophir, and fetched from
thence gold, four hundred and twenty talents,
and brought it to King Solomon." The fact
roeaks for itself. Since there was a nayy on
tne Bed Sea, and a seaport called Eloth, what
necessity was there to build another nayy in
a near seaport situated on the same sea ? Of
course, this nayy was made on the Euphrates,
at the port and town of Hean-jeber, belonging
to Solomon, to shorten the passage to the Per-
sian Gulf, which was the great centre of the
trade between the Eastern and Western world.
The carayans used to ply between Palestine,
Phoenicia, Palmyra, and EziouHueber, and the
nayy between Ezion-jeber, the Euphrates, and
the Persian Oulf ^without coasting all the
peninsula of Arabia), to Import from thence
the pearls of Hayila, the |old of Saba and
O^hir, and the other goods of India. It is sur-
pnsing that no one li^ hitherto made the dis-
coyery that Eaion-jeber is on the Euphrates,
and not on the coast of the Bed Sea, as it is
misrepresented by the translators of the Bible ;
but I must also state that few trayellers haye
been on the Euphrates, and perhaps none of
^em haye studied the lomites carefully.
i**^\ Xili kal^ arrUmf or the Castle
of the Oreeks, is situated on the Euphrates to
the SW.f at the distance of one d^'s ride
from Albirah to the W., to the £. of Samisat,
and to the S. of Edessa. This fortided place
has many beautiful ffaidenik and its riyer is
called Imuzaban, ana empties itself into the
Euphrates. It was the Sultan Malek-al-ashraf^
the son of the Sultan Malek-al-mansur Kala-
wiuii who took this place from the Armenians-
f^
(SM)
f^
^^^iHl (but for Arman the Arab writers
understand the Ghneks. Abolfeda, in hifl
Book of TakwTm-nl-bildany p. 234, Paris ed.,
^2^^1 jh ffJbSLi, And tke Armenians
are of the Greek nation, and their oonntry is
called the coantry of the ArmenianB).
J^na^\ ^ kal^at W miMt, The
Castle of Mndlk, which occimies the site of
Apameia. The jouxney "from mis last place to
Jisml Thoghr, in the &edtiq)i of Antioch, is
about ten hours' ride. [Unquiet
^^ i&att,Di8quietnde,«commotion. Kalik,
JUli kalkdl, Violent motion or agitation.
^i^^:r'd^^ i>!l^ jIt^J ^:^h
Jul! ^, Depart 6om a land in
which thou art oppressed, and do not feel
miserable on account of thy separation finom
thy kindred. WhoeTer is held in small esti-
mation in the eyes of his fiunily and jraople,
for him peregrination isbetterthui to remain in
degradation.
Jli kalam, A pen. A mode of writing.
An engraying tooL ^^; Ji* A
penoiL ^«VASf {:^j^^ f^ ialam al
murijfm al kadm^ Hieroglyphics. From the
earliest times these mTstmous symbols hare
excited an interest folly equal to their value
as historic records. The Greeks and JLomanSi
partiy fipom national pride, but still more,
perhaps, irom a want of that philological
talent peculiar to modem times, i^pear to
have paid littie attention to the Umgaages of
the bariarioHi with whom they were broa^t
into contact The interpretation of tiie hiero-
glyphics formed one of the most sacred mys-
teries of the priesthood, which was eitiier
puiposely concealed, or had already been lost,
when the Bomans established themselTes in
Egypt Since then nothing was roJly known
of hieroglyphic writing till the ittvasioa of
Egypt by Napoleon I. In digging the founda-
tions ef Fort St JoUaa, near Itosetta, 4he
French discoTered an inscribed block of black
basalt which, along with the other antiquities
secured by the ranch army, was brought
home to England, and is now in the ftituh
Museum, known as the Beeetta Stone. It
contains an inseription in Ifcree distinct dia-
neters : the Hieroglyphies, or wered ; tiie
Enchorial, or eonunon Sg^tian; and the
Greek. Should the Egrptian hieroglyphics
--'ighly masteved, the amount of know-
ledge derived from the inscr^tioos on A
temples and tombs will foil for short of vki
the patient sagacity of modem archiBologiil
has already dMUoed from the paintingi u
soulptuMS, and from the actual relia ds
oerered in the catacombs. Bymeaniofti
sepulchral rites of the people, a doe nu
fiiequentiybe obtained of the nature of the
rdigious belief; and this is pecolisrlj ti
case with the Egyptians. The hnmsn w
was regarded by the ancient Egyptisu as
direct emanation from the Deity, who hisw
animated all nature, as thesoul of the umTen
and their dead, therefore, inrariably here 00a
of ihe emblems, and were bound op m ai 1
resemble the form of Osiris, the jud^ of ti
dead, and the ruler OTer the world of tpirit
2t was only those who, by a TitiuoQi U
were fitted for the ehan^ that were immi
diatelf after death re-umted to their dira
sonree. One of 4he most frequent solnects 1
Egyptian painting represents the fiaal jndi
ment of the soul in the presence of Osin
The actions of the deceased are weighed i
the scales of troth. The god Thoth stsads 1
the seooiding angel noting the result; sad
it pTOTCs imperfwt, the soul is ooodeouied I
return to earth, in the form of some voda
animal, and must endure a purgatorial pena»
ere it can return to>the human form, sndagi
appear before the tribunal of Oriris. il
Ansariah haTo the same doctrine, but iosta
of vOsiris, Ali is the judee, and AU is no otk
than a personiflcation of the Sun. The follow
ing is a short rocabulaij of some of tl
hieroglTphics : 1 . The Sun is ropiescflted ond^
the emblem of a kawk^ because this bird iM
to the highest regions of air when ligl
•bconds. 2. Biermtw is preaenlcd by tl
figures of the Sun and Jfoon. S. The «wi
by a blue mjmti^ with ytilow scales. 4. It
f0ar by a palm-trm. 6. The montX by 01
of the brameAe9 of the palm^trm^ as it is ti
nature of this tree to produce a newbnuidicTei
month. 6. A pnphet by the image of s ^
because the jio^-ftar [AnoiAia) tfj its risi
S>es notice of inundation. Koubi in H(
■ew, and Nabi in Arabic, signifir frvfh
7. Inundation is represented by a /Mfi,bec9a
it takes place under that sign. S. The id*
of 0od and deUmy by a ttar; God is also repr
seated by a hUek stone, as his nature is m
and obscure. 9. XU white tkin^t expres ti
atUttiai and luminout ffod$, 10. XO eirmly
tJkinfi^ the world, the Maim, tha Sun, tht d
ttiniei, 11. XB aemi'drelUar onn^ at h*
and erssMutt, are also deseriptiTe of the Ma
12. Fire and the Oodt of Olymprn are rror
seated by by ^ynuNulf and oMtsftf. IS. T
earth by a finder whidi reTolTes. 14. T^
gemermtwe power ^ the air hj the jMi*
16. Hie ^emeratiae power of the earth h\
triemfle^ 16. A hmm eittwg mpon the Lot
or Nenuphmrj represents the mooing epirit
the Stm^ etc, etc
^t^iuii kikmUrd^ A pen-knife.
44J
(295)
Li
jXlj hJaUr, A kind of wandering
Mtbondia monk, wxtk ifaaTeii kead and
beud ; who ibtadona ererythiog, wife, friendi,
poflBOBOBi, nd retirei from the worid ; alio
the um of the foander of thia reli^oni
otder. [or tianu
j^klMiMM/, A mitre, high cap,
o^ ivlal (pL of 1^ hM), Hearts.
Ji U, Cooking in a frying-pan. JT^,
^U>iil^ A kind of pipe for smoking
^ mHiaj The ancient CiUcia, now
i pmiMe of the Ottoman Bm^ira. (The
libter e B alwaja ehaaged mto Arahio
•'tlibPatriciiis^yla^, Manioe Jlijlj^,
^Mm ^IJ^.) It aeema that the
«tmi (^fida ii derired from CQiz, the aon of
^Ofx, nd brodier of Chdmna, 8 jrnu, Phoe-
nx. nd Ecnipa, who gave reapeetiTely their
Boa, leeordiitf to some mythologista, to the
pvTiaoeof CeAnHin 8]rria, to STria itMli^
toPbaaida, and the continent of £arope.
^ is%a/, Anything fried.
0^ UU, little, small, moderate. ^
Jri) A unall thing, a trifle, a baga-
teik j4i^ JJi, Small and great
jldll J«lS, Of small estimation.
1-15 U5, By d^rees, sparingly, by
HulesodHtile. ^j^jf^SC^JSM
^ Aeeapon he aroao^ and walked forward
'J^ nd little, still concealing himself; and
^▼ohd lam : so he took the dress, and not
^of tbem nw him, for they were playing
^1^^ nd langhittg.
jAjamdr, ]>iee, or any game of hazard,
J^A hmdth. Silk doth, fine linen,
^ moebandise. ^\^uJijJM
^J'\^\js^\ ^^ J^ UU, So
^pK|iand for him a hundred loads of the
Qofteoittyitefls.
t • * '
^Himdi, A swaddling or cradle band.
^ Unasf, The top of anything.
>* JbjfiA, Wheat
ji kammr (pL jU'), The moon.
L4 kamtf Swaddling an infant
jlj^ kamiar^r, A calamitous day.
w} hm^f Destruction, subjection, throw-
ing down, striking on the head, hnmbling,
rendering contemptible. To qaell sedition, to
qniet the pnblic discontent ITmmK A pimple
on the edge of the lip. Kumuf^, A fhnnel.
^ kwMm, A decanter, a vessel shaped
* like a cncnmber, nsed for warming water.
J4 ibm/(pl. ofU^hmkU, A louse),Lice.
^jo^ hamU (pi. y^\^)f A shirt
^^«4 htmln, A chimney.
iUi imd^ (pLl:J),A subterranean canal.
A channel, an aqueduct; hence vjj^^
hmAwatl^ The waterman, the man who has
care of the aqnedncta, and who, by disposing of
the Cerent openings of their Pipes, conreys
water to houses, fonntains, pnblie baths, etc
^ the East, iSX those conntries which once
were flourishing kingdoms and empires, and
which now are called the desert, abound with
mined snbtenranean canals, by means of which
the ancient inhabitants conTcyed water to
their parched soil in order to fertilise it It
was regarded as a meritorious act, and a reli-
gions dnty prescribed by Zoroaster, who, in-
stead of preaching oelibaiBy, mortifications, and
other pretended Tirtnes of the monkish sort,
repeats continnally, in the passages that are
mresenred respecting him in the Sadder and
ZendaTesta, *'That the action most pleasing
to Gk>d is to plough and cultivate the earth, to
water it with mnning streams, to multiply
T^etation and liring beiogs, to hare numer-
ous flocks, young ana fruitml Tirgins, a multi-
tude of children,'* etc If that great and
truly good legislator wen liTinjgin our present
time, would he not r^eat continually, *' Make
railways, make railways; unite the east to the
west, and the north to the south; let the
whole world form one network of railways ;
facilitate and increase the means of commerce,
which is the true source and resource of the
happiness and prosperity of all mankind " P
Jj jlj lan&ai (pL of JjJCJ kandlV),
Lampa.
Jb\ui hmdUr (pi. of ir^ kantara),
Arches, bridges, Tiaducts, aqueducts.
^Lj hin&flr (pL of jlki), A quintal.
icSii kand^at, Content; tranquility;
abstinence: continence. ^1:nsS\ CSi^
^'
,UJ1 . J^ -ui ^Isflfcl, U*
A •,
•J
t.
(296)
Jy
, He whose
kingdom \b that of moderation has nothing to
fetTi andhns no need of champions orattendants;
hat how dost then hope for perpetoity in a
dwelling which does not last ; didst then erer
hear of a shadow that remained nnmoTed f
u^Ii kinnib, Hemp.
ijfii Jcumhuray A lark.
land, Sugar, Bagar-cand7.
jljbjcj Kandahaft A kingdom and city
hordering npon Persia, India, Balk, and
Khorassan.
JjJOJ kaiMlf A lamp, lanthom, chan-
delier, branched candlestick.
j^Uaii htniar, or vnlg.ibfi^r, Aqaintal.
ijaui iantara, An arch, a bridge; a
▼iadnct or aqnednct.
y^^*wji Kinni9rin, The ancient Chalcis.
It was formerly the capital of all North Syna,
and one of tne greatest towns in tiie £a8t
when Aleppo was a small place. The traffic
having since taken the direction of Aleppo,
Chalcis has become an insignificant place, and
now it is a miserable Tillage, situated on the
PiTer Chains, about twelye honn* riding to
the south of Aleppo.
^J kana^, Being contented.
jiJ kunfuz (fern. ifjiiS pi. JiLS), A
hedge-hog, an urchin.
d^tyi (pi. of ili), Snbtenanean canals.
iy3 hmwat (or JuJ), Acquisition.
l^yS hinut. Despairing. Despair.
^y3 kann^, Contented.
j^Lii kuny&n, Acquired wealth (in
flocks, etc.).
iJii kantnah (pi. jUS), A phial, a
glass bottle.
Jj\^ iaw&hxl (pi, of ibU), Midwiyes.
^j\i^ kawart^ (pi. of Ac;l3), A verse of
the Alcoran, which the Mahometans repeat
incessantly when in apprehension of danger
either from men or animals.
^Iji iawwdi, A bow-maker.
wl^ly iawdti^, Birds of passage.
jbfily kawa^id (pi. of ifj^li), Bases,
(bundations, pillars, props. Bules, canons.
Ji1|i hawaJU (pi. of ^U), Carayansj
Jt^ kmowM^ A very talkative person
^\^ tawdnit (pi. of A^^lS), The ch
of abiid.
^;-3'y kawdtOn (pi. of j^^li), Canoij
regulations, statutes. Haxpe.
JSly Sayings, words.
Jl^ hawdym (pi. of ^U), Lists.
iJL^f^ liLtj Nourishment, aliment, fo(^
victuals. *jLi^2lt ^ \j,au% \^jii \
L^\ J> ^, JUJlj U\ \^\a ^
And they did not leave unvisited a single lai
city to seek for food, but they found
not ; and they returned to us with the weal
after a long aosenoe.
5ji hawat, Power, force, vigour, strengt
firmne6s;virtue,authority. Faculty. I
ij^\^\ The visible fisunilties, ngl
^iA^LmJI i^f Hearing. aJj^U J^
Tasting. Ju^Uf i"^, Touching, i
ijLs)l, The power of attraction; 8
lurement. This word, in the same manm
precedes the following and many others;
*p4w«, Distributive (power); iol
Expulsive, repelling ; i^jjs:^, Movinj
aLiU,Betentive; ^J^, InteUeetna
^-^moc. Irascible (also rage, anger]
^l^fl. Concupiscent.
ijMt^ kawi, A bow for shooting or f
separating cotton. Sagittarius the sodiac
sign. ^ ji fj^j^ .The rainbow.
J^ kaul, A word, a saying. An agre
ment, compact, consent, aoquieKence, ra
tract, bai^gain. Speaking, pronouncing, giyii
an opinion upon anything. CXfii^i
J^U ^ uwdfikak ^' md tak^
I agree to what you say. ^^f^ ^
\iJb kul lok yajl hund, Tell him
come here. uJ3 ^r I J U iX»^S ^jj
(^^\ Id takal Kahhad ma bUtok U
alyawm, Do not tell any one what I said
you to-day. JUj U ^ U ^^^^ ^^
u
(297)
0^
ham ctiMy aw fiki ma f^tkSlj There is
sothio^to be Baid on thia 8iib||ect.
Ji^ Hkeif, The oolic A diseaae
anflmtiB^ from oold eeiziiig the shoulden
ndbiekar thenedt Having a oolic.
Jf ifwft, YerbaL
Ay km, People, a oation, tribe, fiimily.
^j*^f hmtoloi (Italiaa), A consul.
i^ckmUffotf Consulate, the con-
sols nadaee or office.
Vy KBOMkf The ancient Iconinm
(liW]. ike ODttal of Lycaonia in Aeia
ICiff, ^ffc 8t Pknl preeehed.
jy ^ (fom. ^^)y Bobust, Ann,
^, loiid, powerfol, vigoroiu.
{}if ^mt, The rirer Koeik, the Chains
of t^ uoeak. This rirer, which trayeraes
^^ IB Uw nnuner months is a slender
^^ jlidiBf with a slow and silent cnrrent
^^m of the citr of Aleppo ; bat in the
viatir tenon it swells to a formidable riYer.
h laes o€8r jlntah, at the foot of Monnt
^eni» to the north. Within a quarter of a
■3e df me of the western gates, it takes a
■^ tsn to tiie eastwara, and passing
ofei bridge near that gate, after a oonrae
tf s third of a mile, cams off towards the
B^ lod nms south through a cultiTated
^. till it fiaally loses itsdf in a morass,
idrjB 91 leigaes below Aleppo.
fj WiiN, l^ht, Straight
i^akhdr, Powerful, conqueror, sub-
^, imperioosy arenger. An oppressive
^t. J^\, The omnipotent or
tnagiagGod.
#^, Foroe, violence, power, oppres-
*^ olijcdioD, Tengeonoe, sererity, torment,
^^^^QK&t, chastisement ; rage, indignation.
^^j? i^mdn, A celebrated fabulous
^cf Peats.
^/^ ittUaro*, Betreating. Moving
^ ■ebtti, walking backwards.
^^?^4Wa<, Laughing loudly or in-
'#i*w*, Coffee, ^j *^, Of a
.Heicady colour. ^
J^Yomiting, to vomit
^^ ^, BeiDs, a bridle, halter.
^^ tHf&dat, leading, conduct
l^*** Hffdt, Measure. Comparison,
^'^'^t higie; a sjUogism. An opinion.
argoment Thought, design, oonjeotaie,iniagi-
nation, supposition, guess.
^^LS kiydA (fem. iL^Li), Analogical,
regular. Imaginary.
ij^\3 hay&tarat (pi. ofjAs), CfBsars,
emperors, monarchs.
JlsIJ hiydfait Appearance, semblaDce,
Hkeness, resemblance, imitation, representa-
tion, port| air, manner, mode, habit.
aUS kiy&m^ Standing erecti rising up,
resurrection, insurrection, kl^ J Juuj
«x»-1^ Jl^^ J, After that I arose and
stood up, and walked about the island to the
right and left, unable to sit in one place.
X/oLi kiydmat, The resurrection, the
last day.
j\:lJ kltdr, A guitar, harp, lyre.
kayh, Matter, pus.
^ kayd, A chain, fetter, knot, ligament
A paction, compact, treaty, bargain, rule,
regnlaition, article of agreement, obligation,
restriction, modification; enrolling anything
in a public register.
klr, A kind of pitch or bitumen
flowing from some mountains, which they use
in shipbuilding.
]ff]jj klrdt, A kurat aO^Ij l^ Jli ^1 ^
ILt^ cM/^j ^^^ cr^> ^^^ ^^^ ^®
said to her, 0 queen, on my word my uncle
did not describe to me the quarter of the tenth
part of thy loyeliness, nor the quarter of a
kirat of four-and-twenty kirats.
^Ijl^ Kayrawdn, Cyrene in Africa.
j>,a^ kay$ar, Csasar, an emperor, ^j^a^t
The Imperial dignity, empire,
^j**^ or ^yi^ Kauariyah, Csdsarea
in Palestine, which was at one time the metro-
polis of Palestine, and the residence of a
Koman Proconsul. It was built by Herod
the Great, twenty-two years b.c., and was
called Csesarea in compliment to the reigning
emperor Augustus, wno was Herod's patron.
It was calld CsBsarea of Palestine, to dis-
tin^:nish it from CcBsarea of Philippi, more
anciently called Paneas. It wt)s afterwards
called Colonia-flaria, in oonsequenoe of privi-
.\^
(298)
i1^
leges granted to it by Vespaman, wbo made it
a Roman colony. FreTions to its foundation
by Herod, tbere was an obscure fortress here,
called the "Tower of Straton," after the
Greeks, who built it Between three or four
miles to the northward of Cesarea is the
river Zerka, the Jkmm erocodHon of Pliny,
which, according to some travellers, contains
small crocodiles, the descendants of those
brought oyer from Egypt as deities.
^ya^ iaifsUm, Southernwood (a plant).
<U*i klfnat (pi. aJ Jtiyam), Price, value,
estimation. Measure, stature,
«A^ iltnah, Hashed meat.
J^ huyad (pL of Juj), Chains; obliga-
tions,- laws. ^^1 j^j tj^, The
articles and conditions of peace.
(^^ ^<^vm, Permanent, firm. Stable,
durable, fixed, steady. (God.)
CJiaf, The twenty-second letter of the
Arabic alphabet In arithmetic it expresses 20.
CS ta, Is an inseparable adverb of simi-
litude prefixed to Arabic nouns or particles
(never to pronouns) signifying as, like, so, etc.
J^K, Like the first, as before. ,^1^,
As if. tjk^,* So, thus: and others,
which will be found in their alphabetical
places. CSka (masc.), CSki (fem.),
is the affixed pronoun of the second person,
having, with verbs or prepositions, a relative
or personal signification, and a possessive or
relative with nouns ; as CS>iyo data-
haka, He beat you. Ciols^ kiidhuka,
Tour book.
ijo kaabat, Melancholy. Being dis-
consolate.
^jM^\Skdhils, The incubus or nightmare.
^^ hatib (pi. ^^ and Ic^), A
notary, a scribe. A writer. \^^^
jJiSf A secretary.
MS^hdiim, part. Concealing, absconding.
S^jli kdtib (fem. i jl^), A liar. False.
^->J^i {j*\^f A fiilse syllogism.
yS Jar, Business, occupation, labour,
art, profession, trade, commerce.
izJ\j^ kdrdiiah, Planks and other i
terials for house-building.
^U^^l^ kdrihdnah, A fabric.
Jj\^ kdrin, A preacher.
^^^j^ karwdHf A caravan, a large IJ
of traveUers.
L^J^ k&rtb, Abhorring, detesting,
abhorrer, abhorrent
(jm\^ kds (pi. {jM^^\ A cup, a got
a bowl (especially when filled with wine).
Uy-^M-'o h&siby A gainer, an acquirer.
Jurfl^ MM (fem. if Ju^l^), Worthless,
ficient in quantity or quality,notsellijigorj|
ing current, despicable, in no esteem. Desti
in debt. Juil^ j^, A dull marl
where nothing is bought or sold.
^l^ kAsir, A breaker, victorious. ^
l^l^ljurft. There was, in olden ti
and in ancient a^ and period, in the Ian
the Persians, a ung oUied Suleyman, ani
was a victorious lion (a hero).
«Cdl^ kd9ahf A cup, a goblet.
k.^1^ kdshif, A detector, disooverei
^y^ uJl^ haf-u-nUn, The mysteii
letters CJ and ^ of the imperai
^^ hun (Be thou, exist thou), M
all that God had to pronounce in ordu
create. CS^ uJl^ htfu lawUk, \
CJ (thee) of the expression lU
lawlak (were it not for thee), mentioncc
the Kuz^an, and indicating Mohammed.
J^l^ kdzm, One who restrains his 8n{
liJ^t ^ji^\S kdziminvl ghayt, Tl
who restrain their anger.
ijl^ ka/at, All, universal. The wbd
ji\^ kdfir, An infidel, an impious wrel
l4jd\ji\^, TJngratefuL Unthani
for benefits. ^^Jj ^ ^^y^^j*^
*^,jl5ll ifjSi 1 jJb 4^jJl »> id*i , The
and fiiithM finds difficulty in gaining bis
bread, while the unbeUerer and the im
u;
vi
(299)
Ju^
biTeplntjr. What art or act ean a mortal
coQtnTe? Such n the dfod of the decreet of
the Alui^tf I I ma neditathig on tlua
text, ud m mj meditation I nid to myaelf :
Ta! thiiii Bot oalTapplieaUe to indiridnala,
bnttokiagdonif anaempirMalao! And, ab-
•odndn cMtemi^atioB on the mnoertaintf of
ftBvvld, the hirtoTT of Syria presented
itttlf tB Bf oisd. when ibeae eonntriea.
Bid It ncyad what eonstitntea the glory and
fcBotr «f nakind, they were iidiuited by
aa obcEeriag people. It waa the PhoB-
mon. mhimiing Moloch aa the penonifi-
atioD of iheoDB, who brought into PhoBnieia
tbendsafcmyelimate; it waa the Chal-
te, ntntiBg himaelf bdbre a Serpent,
vfton^igilid opolent citieay and laid waste
1^ pdan of tings and the temples of the
e: it m the Persian, the worshipper of
HoeoOseCadthe tribates of a hondred
>te; tlMy wen tbe inhabitaata of Pal-
■TB, ^ idoren of the Son and Stars, who
Mftd » Bsay Bomnnents of aiBnenee and
^197- Xsacnas fiocka, fertile Mda, «ban-
^ unati^— evei^rthiiig that shoold haTe
■atke reward of inety, was in tiie hands of
^Bl>tei» the nabfluerers, and tiie impioos ;
■iiew^abdiering and bolj people oc-
^tbeasaieeomitriesi nothing la to be seen
mitStadt sod steriliinr. The earth, nnder
jhivUeand haads^ proaooea only briers and
^WvQod. Han sows in angmaiL and reape
intioB lad eaies; war. fiuS^and pesO-
tta annU him in turn. Tet are not these
ftt eUdrea of the prophets P— this Chxistian,
&i Konilinsn, tfaia Jew, are th^ not the
^ of hesTea, loaded with gifla and miraclesP
«^ tbm k this race, belored of the DiTini^,
jywtdof the &Toan whieh were formerly
■*«cnd down npon Ihe heathen f Why do
■ae In^ eonsecrated bj the blood of the
Kvtrn, BO longer boaat llieir former tempera*
^tadfatifityP Why hare thoae &Tonza
m baaidied, aa it were in a dream, and
^"fened for so many agea to other nations of
wB«t dimssP Imhappy man! said I in
fnoiif t Uind fatnUty piaya with thy dee-
V- A fatal neeeaaity nilea by ehanoe the
j"^fMs]i! Bnt no, added I, they are the
«CM «f edcstial jnatiee that are accomplish-
*¥• Aajsteriotts God exercises his incom-
^kaaUe jodgments ! He has donbtleas
P*"»ced a seeret malediction aninst the
^; He has stniek with a cnrse the present
nre ^ Bien in rerenge of past generations,
vi: v^iball dare to fiifthom the deptha of
■e^DifiaityP Ajod I remained immorable,
l^^ia prolbuid melancholy I
J^ ^fif A sponsor, a surety.
•1/ ,
f^ ^r, Flowers of the palm-tree,
f ^; also their envelope. Camphire. A
■QSaaiapgnaise.
}^^f^t Sofficienty enough, efficaoionB,
««»pttfeeL
'd'idbicws^ Asbefbre, like the flnt.
Sf«
Jl^ k&Uh^ Hideous. Advene (fortune).
J^l^ h&mU, Perfect, oomplete, full, en-
tire (or ^;jj)^J^^^)» Of just weight.
jLall J^l^ l&mihd ^ar, Of the beat
and oomplete standard (speaking of precious
metals, or of time and timepieces}.
^l^ itositii, One who is concealed,
hidden*
^\^ kdna, It was, existed, happened*
J^l^ bumna. But if, as if, Hke. fi ^l^
^^ iaanna lam ffokon, As though it
exist not, (to regard) aa mom ovmu,
^yl^ idiiaii, A fire-grate, chafing-dish,
or any place for holding fire, ^y^
J^Jf, December, and j^^^^^y^t
Jannaiy.
A3 1^ IsaoHnahu, As if he (or it), as if
indeed. ^ J J^\^^\ljJb^^UhJ,
db^aa na^Mir Kami mnr kaaimaku lam
foitm, Let ns look npon this matter as aoii
oMffn. [flrom its attracting straws).
\}jtb^ idhmbd, Yellow amber (so called
iJjhl^ idhilf Slow, tardy, languid ; idle,
lasy, negligent.
^l^ iaMn (pi. ii^), Priest.
^\^ kaapt and Jujl^, Bdng, existing.
A creature. ^\^ ^ ^l^. Be he who
he may, whoerer it was. i2j\iJ^,
Beings, creatures, the nniTerse.
iabh, luTerting, overthrowing.
tumbling on the ground, throwing one upon
his face.
(.^L^ kahdb, Boasted meat.
l)\^ kabdlatj Cubeb^, an aromatic.
JLS isibdr (pi. otj*^), Ghrandees, nobles,
men distinguished for wealth and knowledge.
jw hdbldr (pi. jLi ), Gapers.
^\Ji Inhash (pL of {J>J), Rams.
J\J kahdfir (pi. of ij^), Great, large,
enormous things. Mortal sins.
Ju^ hM (pi. S<S\), The heart, the liver.
jliU ^ ^ ^J^'^J^y The flame
\si
(800)
\si
of loTe for tboM (ladies) oontmuet erer burn-
ing in^the hearts, just as the fire of hospitidity
continues to be Idndled by these (men) on the
heights.
J
j^
kibr or kubr, Nobility, eminence,
inagnitude, magnificenoe; pomp, pride, haugh-
tiness, [grandees.
\j^ kubard (pi. ot jJi)^ Great men,
i^jS kubra* (fem. of j^\), Oreater, etc.
\lj^ kahriydf Orandenr, magnificence,
. power, excellence; pride, haughtiness.
us-^i^ kibrM, Sulphur. jr\ «-i^,
The philosopher's stone.
^JuJ^ kabshf A ram.
iablr (fem. ij^ kahirat), Laige in
body, great in power and wealth. Great,
grand. [^^P your.
<Ugy^ kahUah, Intercalary, embolismal.
(^\s^ kitdh (pi. i-^)y A book, volume ;
writing ; a letter, a missiye, despatches.
(jM Ji^t c^l:;^ kiidh ul mukaddas, The
Holy Scriptures. To understand the meaning
' of many passages in the sacred records, to dis-
-cem the force and beauty of the langnia^ in
which they are clothed, and the sSmirable
propriety and significance of their allusions —
in one word, to deriye idl the adrantage from
the sacred Tolume which it is calculated and
intended to bestow — we must render ourselves
familiar with the physical and moral condition
of the countries where it was written; we
must examine the geographical situation of
Canaan and the surrounding states, ascertain
the sites of their principal towns and cities,
and acquire some knowledg^e of their history ;
to this must be added a smtable acquaintance
with the natural history of the East, and with
the manners and customs of its inhabitants.
^l^ kuttub (pi. of k-^l^), Writers,
secretaries, ^.v Bj^rtill u^l^ ^^ t«j
s\j), There is no writer that shall not
perish ; but what hii hand has written shall
endure. Write, therefore, nothing but what
will please thee when thou shalt see it on the
day of resurrection.
ii\s^ kitdbai, Writing, descrihing, in-
scribing. An inscription, the title of a book,
a picture or painting (on the walls of houses^.
The following is ue inscription written m
▼erse upon the tablet of the tomb of £osh,ihe
son of Sheddad, the son of Ad: ^\
^lijcsrf^. Should they remember
(or should you mention my name) ifia
length of my age, and the ndssitudet o^ '
andmronmstanoes. 4^«>!I«>1jc1^
I am the son of Sheddad, who held
over mankind, and over the whole esitk,
oyer each tract of it. j^jl\ ^
J
cT* C^^J
\jbjjj UJ\
^Ua£, All the stubborn armies
mitted themselYes to me, and Syria
Egypt onto Adnan. Jj'j^j
hk glory I reigned, abaaine their kingi
the people of the earth usea to tremble
my majesty ! Ji Ls?^ \^ JiV*''
JU*rir \^\^ SU\ ^j\^ ^jJj 4
I beheld the tribes and armies in my powe,
saw the countries and their inhabi^nti
me!
djLC
^b
j^liis uJH fc-ill Jtb\^\ jy ,
mounted, I beheld my army, compria
million bridles upon neighing
^UjJI v-^^. And I
wealth that oould not be calculated, i
treasured up as a precaution against e
misfortones.
uW^^'cT* er^ L^' LT^Ji; ^'
termined to derote the whole of my propetr
the purpose of extending the term of my lait ■
a short time, d j|^ jUJ 4^^ ^1 ^
declined all, saye the execution of His porpB
and thus am I now by myself^ separstcd b
my Mends, i^^ ij/^^ czJ^j^^ J <
^1^\ j^ji U ^^ culftJ, Death,
separator of mankind, eame to me, ind I
removed from grandeur and magnificeto
the honse of abjection, k::.*^] «
(JLslly And I found (the reward) of
■/
(301)
}irtMtuiBi,ftrv)udiItmp]«dged; but the
Suit was mine. ^^^u^tCiLiiJ UjU
Ha iii« tiiTBeI( lert thon be apon a brink ;
ndbmreofeilaiiiitiei! M Ajert then be led
Bgbt!
j^o b^ Lmen. Flax.
^ yi, Writing, dfiflcribing. A^tii
ffhtiBoob.
ir^iriitoarWdflA (pL of ^\^\
Wtitn It^, DeRrmttoiL isfcriptum ;
tkiiajflfabook.
\^mMid, A loM Henteoant, vicar,
uH(pI. Jt^l), The shoolden, shoul-
dff Ibda ; biotd ihovldered. Qond.
M iiteB^ Acting wrong. Laughing
4isk (aod ^Ic^), Hiding, Inridng,
*«•%: eofvmg, TeOmg, eonoeeling. To
■9 * Mcni Coneealiag hie thoughts.
t^>lj Job Ij jJ^JI tr-f^i^ i>
TStt^eoBcal seerete, O my good nuneP
iKsbezcplied, How ihoold I not keep and
{■fisl noeti, vhen I am of the choieeet and
M of the &«eboni tnd the Boet chaite ladieg r
f^4i<««,Cloie, secret.
B» ^i*, A troop or body of soldiers.
^ittirak, Chun tnigacanth.
ll^M^* Density, thickness. Hard-
B^, Abondance, riches.
f ^Mrv^Kultitade, plenty, abondance,
■perfaity, the best or greatest part.
J^l cJii, We feared that if we
1™* «e of them, or etrackbim, or droTO him
|»?.ft£Twoiildkillm, on acoonnt of their
™i^**BBiiiber; for immbcn prerail againet
^^ '^A ^=^^ ^Ij ^Ur, And
?*J* H aWe to orerail against him, on ac-
^<^^ thoidaaee of his troops, and the
^^^Hiudoaiiiic^ and the greatness of
?^ W (fem. i^), Many, much,
oopioQB, abundant, plentiflil, nnmeions. Snper-
floity, redundance. JJiS^^^J^j^^l
^a). Superfluity hurts, a litUe does
good. ^^ ^^Uj, A long time. ^^
^^Lm^JI, Liberal, Idnd. ^jt^^jt^f
Many coloured. j^\j^ Most noxious
or hurtful, j^^ Ji^* I'ittle and
much. \j^ ia^ran {ij^iZj\Aij
and ij^iJL^\j^)f Often, frequently.
jr^ }^ Wj *^^ ^*^ *-r^ ^*^'^
a Tesael approached, wherein were many mer-
chants, ana when she arrived at the harbour
of the eity the captain Airled the sails, and
brought her to an anchor by the shore.
\j^ JuUlrdj Gum tragaoanth.
cJ^ iaslf, Thick, dense; many, much.
Jlsr kahdl, A species of antimony. A
collyrinm. Small beads, or anything similar,
used as amulets acainst the fascination of
malignant eyes. Eahhal, An oculist.
J^r hiM, A collyrium, or antimony re-
duced to a fine powder, used for the eyes.
^\j^t J^, A tree bearing black
berries, which are excellent for the eyss.
^^lU Jisr , Sarcocolla, a Persian gum
or balsam, used in dressing wounds.
t^ iahld, Having naturally black eyes,
eye-brows, and eye-lashes, without the assist-
ance of art.
\s^ Kakhtdy An impregnable fortress,
baring splendid gardens and a rirer. It is
one of the beet fortified bulwarks of the
Mahomedan countries. It is situated in
North Syria, at the distance of one day's ride
from Hesn MansQr, to the NW. of it, and
two days' distance to the east of Malatia.
^ Jcadd, Trouble, labour, fatigue, dili-
gence, endeaTour.
jiii kadar, Trouble, affliction, agitation,
Texation, sorrow, sadness, grief, anguish, soli-
citude, anxiety, perturbation, melancholy.
Darkness, dimness, impurity (of colour, of
the ere, of water, etc.). Being turbid, dirty,
mudoy (water). Kadir, Distracted, perplexed
with misfortunes. Poured out (as water).
cy^oOj* ^>U ^^ iju^ Uilt jU
V
(302)
i;
SI
^fA^Jj jiH * »AiiM i^jS^
J Jyy^ UUA t^af: Jyu ^Uj» c^-l
i^^Ly^^ Afi L<^1| The whole plain
haa become contracted in my eye, and my
heart altogether is troubled by the view and
sight of it. Since the objects of my love de-
parted, my joy has been dbtnrbed, and the
tears have overflowed from my eyes, and sleep
has left my eyes on account or their separation,
and my whole mind has been perturbed. Will
(fortune) time unite us, and shall I again enjoy
intimacy with them and night conversation f
Ij^d^ladarat (pi. of cl;1jj J^), AfiictioD,
anguish, perturbation, oppression of spirits.
M^ haUL (oomp. of kU and t J), Like
this, that. \^ ^J, This or that night.
IjJJb^ Thus. 1j^j\«3^, So and so,
consequently, consecutively, et cetera.
Adi hnM&h (pi. ij^ilf), A Mar,
»J^ hnhf Lyii^y a lie.
{1^'^ kawiik, So, thus, in the like
manner (compounded of ulX like, and
vli3j,that). ^^»^Uj»«li3j^U\,
ana hus^ik wrld an akhrqf, I also wish to go
oat. ^4m.J ui3 J^ Jio? U^, kamd
tatakaUam kaealik taama^ Such as you speak,
80 will you hear. <.1J3 Jk^ Jjt^\^ U^
JjCL««Jl (ji^y kamd ha al mu^aUim
kauUik yakun al muta^aUitn^ As the master,
so will be the scholar.
J^ harr, Bepeating, reiterating; return-
ing, bringing back. [or take upon hire.
\f kird, Hire, rent. To farm, rent, give,
^^y^ hurras, A leek.
^->-l^ Kardchee or Kurdehee, The prin-
cipal sea-port of Sinde, NW. Hindostan, on
the E. side of an inlet of the Indian Ocean,
eighty miles SW. of Hyderabad, and about
eighteen miles from the W. arm of the Indus^
i^. 22,237 in 1861. Kurachee is built on a
low, barren, sandy shore, and is walled. This
town is irregolarly laid out, and Uie streets are
so narrow wat two people can scarcely walk
abreast. The houses are chiefly of mud and
sandstone, obtained in great abundmoe
the coast. Euradiee hai a oonsidenble
with Eutoh, Bombay, and tiie prindftl
on the Malabar coast Its harbour ti (
dious, perfectly safe in all winds, and,
not deep, is capable of aheltering ve
200 or 300 tons ; so that it is of greatEr
meroial importance than any of tbe por
the Indus, which can only be reached
the sea in flat-bottomed boats. Nearij
Malwa opium exported seaward is -^^-^
Kurachee. Most of the men eng
fisheries of Sinde are from Kuraci
superior in intelligenoe and appearance
other inhabitants of the coast Korscfae
bombarded and taken in a few boon
small British force, on the 2nd of Fel
1889. The distance from the head
Persian Gulf to Kurachee is 1190
From London to Kurachee viA Bi
Aleppo, and Bassorah, is 4444 milM,
from London to Kurachee vid Brindio,
and Aden, is 6247 miles ; so the diffen
fiivour of tiie Euphrates line is 803
The distance from London to Bombay,
Euphrates Valley, is 4944 miles, wh
Sues and Aden it is 6472 miles ; so the ^
ence in &vour of the Euphrates line isf
miles.
j\^ kardr, Impetnons in aasault, be
and constant in attack.
yi»ij\f kardf%8 (pi. of L>\/)f VolunM
sections, chapters, papers, writiiij
J JUS^ Jur^^ A*«-^ 4 j:>-^\ Ajj
^LmJjK^, majdvi tdjirfl kUeh, v «••
tM ^alim ft kararlsehf The glory of a nx
chant is in his purse ; the glory of a Ictfo
man in his writmgs. [o^
{jM^S HatrdSf The Alooran, or a secti
^1^ kardsi (pi. of ^^\ Chain.
^\f kardkl (pL ot^J), Cranes.
m\^ hardm (pL of aJ^), Noble. ^S
•licJH^ f^^JJi\j>^\ ^, Know, 0 lai
and gentlemen, that I had a iisther s o
chant who was one of the first in rank anh
the most respectable people and merchants,
iL9\^ kardmat, Generodty, mnnificeD
dignitv, excellence, reverence. Yenera
liberal, beneficent, precious, valuable, won
dignified.
^^\^ kardwiya, Carraway-seeds.
iib\^ kardhat, s^ and S^]/, Aversi
horror, loathing, detestation. ^
karakaUm^ Unwillingly, leluetaatly.
^/
(804)
^s;
fonnd that its owner had died, and that a wolf
had devoured him ; and I entered the garden,
and beheld the frnits shining upon the trees.
U^ kuramd (pi. of (ij)> The noble,
generous (men).
i^ji karmat, One vine.
fJ^jS karmel, or J-^^^l J-sf- jahalulkar'
melf Mount Carmel. Mount Carmel is a termina-
tion of the chain of hills commencing at the
Plaiif of Esdraelon to the south-^ast, the extent
of which is about ei^ht miles. The highest
summit, which rises immediately behina the
monastery, measures, according to some tra-
Tellers, eighteen hundred feet abore the sea.
(.^^ karanbf Cabbage, cauliflower (or
JLj^), a dish made of, or peat
dressed with it.
^\^^ karawdn (fern. ^^^^), The name
of a bird, a bustard, a crane, etc.
f^^^^ karwdn, A caraTan. ijf\t^^x^
karwantaraiff A carayansera, or public build-
ing[ for caraTans. The following is the de-
scription of tiie encampment of a carayan in
a caravansera. Here you see a parfr of
merchants, surrounded by bales of mercnan-
dize, en^ged in earnest conyersation con-
nected with their commercial pursuits; tiiey
seem to pay no attention to what is going
on elsewnere. Not fax from tiiese you see
the camel-driyers, reposing themseWes after the
fatigues of the momme, and speculating upon
the chances and accidents of the morrow.
Before them you obserye the camels them-
selyes, chewing, with ridiculous solemnity, the
food that is hid before them. At no great
distance you notice a group of SheikoA or
Elders listening to an Arab story-teller, but
taking no part in it themselyes, ezcq)t by an
occasional interruption, ezpressiye of wonder
and astonishment. In another part of the
court you see some youths, sinking in chorus
round a blazing faggot fire, and beating time
witii their hands and feet
^,j^ karnhln, The cherubim. K^iU
fjtJjj^\f The cherub angels.
ijj^ kurUr (pi. of J^ karr), Betuming,
recurring.
Aj^ kurUm (pi. of /^^ karm), Vineyards.
s^ karh, Aversion, abomination, detes-
tation, abhorrence. Trouble, molestation,
difficulty, whatever one is compelled to do
reluctantly. Ifc^ ka/rhan (or i^ lJ^)>
With difficulty, inconyeniently.
jj^ kairi\ Sad, mournful.
Jj^ Candia, or Crete, an island belong-
ing to Turkey, in the Mediternnetn, stoi^e
to the south of the Qrecian archipeltgo. hi-
160 miles lone, with a breadth nsgiiigfnB 6
to 3^. Leu. Mountainous, bong trsTenedHi
high range throughout itsentire length, iisoi
Ida, renowned in classic story, nso, neir iti
centi^ to a height of 7674 feet Upoo h
Jupiter is said to hare been edncated br tk
Corybantes. The coasts are indented rA
cayems, and the soil of the yslleyi is fertile
and productiye. Climate, Genial and heal^J*
Fro, Oil, oranges, lemons, silk, wine, nisis,
carobs, honey, cotton, and corn. U^!
Leather, soap, spirits, sacking, and couk
cloths. Btp, estimated at 160,000, of vbos
60,000 are Turks, the rest Greeks. U
between 34' 66' and 36' 48' N. Xoitbetwee
23° 30' and 26' 20' E.— This island bis bee,
at different times, ruled by different povas.
After a war of twenty years, it was i^)
taken by the Turks from uie Venetians io 166i
Candia, the capital of the aboye islsod. »
situated in an eleyated plain on the N. »0^
and is strongly fortified. The houses are ao*
and ill-built. The harbour, once capsM
is now ayailable only for yesseli <n ^
draught. The soap-w(n-ks here are the Ui;^
in the island. Fop, 12,000. Lai. 3^' \^ ^'
Lon, 26° 4' E.— This town fell before^
arms of the Turks in 1669. It was bes^
for three years, during which 29,000 Chi^
and 70,000 Turks were slain. The To"
made 69 assaults, and the Venetians 80 softia
and 1364 mines were exploded on bothada
aJ^ karlm (pi. Af)y Generous, wxsA
cent, liberal, magnificent, sploidid, p^
benign, beneyolen^ beneficent, couiteoimgi*
cious, merdiul, yenerable, reyerend, nsf*^
able. Kind. One of the attributei oi ^
(j*Jil\ aJ^, Of a noble, benefice
disposition. ^luJl ^S or ^jl^*' pI/
Most noble, generous, ^i^ i^\^
is great, merciful. cU'w^ vj:^ ^
ifl^ iarihiU, Misfortune, calamity.
if thou design to marry her, the boo of t
sister is more worthy of her than ail the n
of men, as he possesses all the high quab^
tions.
^AJ^ karimat (fem. of fi^), KoU
generous. A princess, a lady. ^\^j>
The two eyes (as the noblest parts of the W
ij^ karih, Detestable, abominable.
^^IflxJl, Deformed in countenance.
i^J karlkat (fem. of ^ ioHA), W
^
(305)
*MkS
ud tke cdfoiioai diauDflMioei attaadiiig
ii Dncreeftble, rfrt—hiTJo, ■hnmiiiabhe, dis-
n»bab ■
J iirf, A gannent
^^ Jaosi, Gainuig ouidh (a raao).
A>li inlAif, ImpalMicy in hands or
to.
j^ iatf, DiiBcnU^r in deqiatchuig
«f orA^j, badnoi of markeli^ decline of
tade. flemMH^ dagulum of oommeroe.
tjUH/L-
t-tf ii>'
u. jL U UU*^ ^ Zlls;* ^l^ iLlLi
♦ UO jj^t ^^ <ll5^ Jj ♦ ^UcjJi, But
^ peloiU (MMrted.) tibai hit. act had loof
kn pififlM frna the poreHrr that had
naaOaesoatiy. I hara bj him a child,
•ftebleMtkth,a]id neither of aican find
gli> artmnoe with him ; hoi from the
p^ ftH we eodore, onr teaia oeaee not to
■I.
^fcasr, Chipa^ fin^gmentt. ^C^
^■ir^Akewarol mid*
Pwind/i^, An ecSpae, obscantion.
^^ kfdJlfl, lEBBfiHegBy akywnefls.
~ My GtiB^aeqpiBiliaii (byUmir),
V^l^ ij\s^l^ VlL, Thare is no
*^ n oar dtj aconainted with iwiaaaa or
*^ bvtoBlj wi^ getting money.
^ ItOma, A colL Chesnut.
*^ ^f A luptorey breach, ront, pnt-
^<»4^t The ToweL point i«v or ihMra
u.ir Asrt t. To break, to destroy, to ront,
•?«to%ht,to break the edgei Tomark
^ the pomt iMra. ,j*iJ]^, To
^ ^ fledL To bmnble one's self.
4)^fS hur o^a^rfy A decimal
^ ^ fS hur), Yolgar &actionfl.
/^ (m sattmelie).
r^ ^trai or burah. The vowel t .
^ frtttore, rvf/ban, bveadu JR»rat, A
XMHtfy from the Persian (Chasroes, Gyms)
X Khnsrow/' which signifies <*a ^reat king/'
and which the Roaiana coaTartsd into ** Ooa-
almost
loea" (a sarnama that they nre to
erery kng ef the Wssanisa <&Bastf),
appellation applied by the Anoa (ue
among the Bomans} to many ancient kings of
Penia. Aoooiding to the rersian and Arab
historians, Hie ki^ of Plersia prior to Si-
Island eoBpcsed fonr dynasties, namel]r--the
Peshdadians, die chronology of which is vn-
known ; the Kamiaai, innch ended in the
year 881 a.a, wnen Persia wss eonqnered br
Alennder the Great ; tiie Ashkaaians, whkn
tenunalsd a.D. 202; and the Saaanians, the
last of whom waa orenxmie by the Arabs
▲JK 686.
JrfM^ ioai^ Lazneas, alowneaB, oo wardloe.
^JLJ huktn, Slothftal, slnggish, neg-
leatfU, aqgiifsal.
L:j\y^ kiiwdi (pi. of iy^)9 Clothes.
iytS kimmt^ A robe, a habit, a mode of
lm^*t»Cj {J»^^ \^ JJLcI MffT UmJI ^Ji
j^\^ ^j,,^\ i\ , When tiie hands of
time play with na, misfiDrtnae is imparted to
us by its protracted kiss. In the sky are stus
that cannot be counted, but none are eclipsed
save the snn and the moon.
J^M*^ ioiiU, Slow, dull, lazy.
,^4i^ luMhy Infirm in hands or feet ;
lame, nnable to moTe from place to place,
impotent.
Ju4M^ koAi, A dnll market. See AJi.
. jjihS Juuifff Broken, torn off.
^i»Mi^ hM/f Thick,, gross, impure, bad,
unpleasant.
i^\£i haahtlhdff A detector, discoTerer.
An officer whose bosinasa iila Uk examine and
report upon something, as a raluer or a
coroner.
ha$hft The nnoorering anyifaing
corered. Discorering anything ezirting but
unknown. "RTAmining aoii Taiiiiiig any pro-
perty. Maldng an estimate, the estimate it-
self. Kiamining into the condition and cir-
cumstances of any thing or act. To uncover ;
to discover. To examine, surrey, radne,
estimate. To examine into the ciacumstaases
of a thing or &cl
^JtAJ^ kitkmmh, Driedgn^aa, oorinAs,
or currants, a species of small grape without
20
(306)
jtAJui Eiuhmlr, or ji<*^ Jl&
Kathmtr, The tiasiifiB of OuHimire. The
ehawls whieh Ezekiel seeniB to h«Te deioribed
under the appellatioii of chondchoiid.
Ka9hm\r, Cashmere, a province
of Northern India, now united to the do-
minions of the Ponjab. Sxi, about 80 miles
long, by about 40 broad. Area estimated at
4600 square miles. In 1686 this oountrr
was taken by the Emperor Akbar, and added
to his empire. In 1762 it was conquered bj
the Afghans, who kept it till 1819, when it
was wrested from them by the Sikhs, under
whose dominion it remained, in conneiion
with the Punjab, till 1846^ when a dispute
with tbe British resulted in its cession to
them, upon condition of mutual assistaiioe
being rendered in case of war.
KMhrnlfi Cashmere, called also
Serinaghmr, the cental of the abora proTinoe,
extends three miles on each side of the rirer
Jhelum, oyer which there are several wooden
bridges. Many of the houses are three stories
high, and are principally built of wood, with
partition-walls of mriok and mortar. The
residence of the Goremor is on the right
bank of the river. The streets are narrow,
and choked with the filth of the inhabitants,
who are proverbially a dirhr people. In the
environs, on the banks of a lake, are the
remains of several handsome palaces, built by
the emperors of Hindostan. Its optdence has
greatly decayed. Bop, Unoertain. At the
commencement of the present century it was
estimated at 160,000 ; out pestilence and mis-
rule have immensely reduced it Lot, 84* 6'
N. Xo». 74^67' E.
^ kaxm, Plrohibition, restraint* To re-
^ strain (anger).
w^t!? Ita^f The heel, the protuberant
joint-bone of the foot and leg; any joint
' resembling it ; the top of the foot. Dice,
tables, or the bones with which they play at
those or similar games. A geometrical cube.
J^l <*-r^> ^ ^^ ^^ sweetmeat.
4yi^ ka^at, The square temple at Mecca.
^«^;;:u«^ (dual), The two temples, If eoca
and Jerusalem.
vl^ ka^k, Cake.
(^ iaf, The palm of the hand. Jx
uJ^l, Chiromancy, fortune-telling by
the lines on the palm.
fmJ^ kaf, Prohibition, restraint, impedi-
ment. Abstinenoe; continence. Hemming a
garment.
imJ^ kuff{imp.), Abstain, cease, drop it,
leave off. rf -. hr Ij c^bJDl tj:^jb jj
J^
She then folded the letter, and gatv it to thj
old woman, saving to her, Ddiftr tt to hki
and say unto him, Abstain from these word:]
And she replied, I hear and obey.
U^ ib/d. Bong equal, aHke, reeemblis^
corresponding* Oppoaing equal to equai!
comparing, fiewaiding, reoompensiiig. J
kind ofttirt ihstened to tiie lower psrt of I
, taut (Or i*U^), The produce a
camels for one year, viz. ooltB, milk, and hiu
-U^ hifah^ Discovering, revealiBg
Fighting,hoetility. ^^^j-i^l^ ^Z^
l\i^ ^\ , I bemoan her while thr
sleep who are free from love ; and the wia^
of desire have made sport with me! I m^
sacrificed with liberality my tean, sad c
wealtii, and my heart, and my reason, sod o
soul ; and yet liberality is the gain itself! Tb
worst of all kinds of evil and vezalion is hd
tUity experienced from the beantifid !
jSj^ hujjfdr (pi. of yl^), Infidds, m|
beUevers, pagaos, worshippen of idoU.
ij^ haf&rat or ij\^, Penitence, a^
atonement for sin, a penitential ezpiatioii.
uJU^ laf&ff Sufficiency, oompeteoe^
enough.
il\s^ ka/dlat, Security, caution, gtiarai)
teeship, bailship. ^jM Ij ilUf , Pe«
sonal security.
iAiS kifdyatf Sufficiency, enough. Bein|
enough, ample, sufficient. Being any ooe
equal in position.
S^ kaffat, The bason or scale of a baland
^^ kafatm (dual of li^ kaffat), Tb
two basons of a balance.
^ib/tt,Bevealing, discovering. Lw^
ing or speaking with an averted eovntaotiKi
Kissing with naked Ups. Fighting in an opt
field hand to hand.
i^ ^a>-, A village. Expiating (any w
by almsgiving). Kufr, Blaaphemy, incf**
li^Tf impioty. To say anything smsckiflg <
misbelief. To cuise and swear.
ii
(807)
c-J^
'uM:l\Jji htfrUnd m^nai, Ingrati-
tade, denial of boefiti ^ word or deed).
iA i^/M (or iafrtik), Infidela, pagane.
w;ilx Erfartdbf A small town, or
nthff ft TiDa^ wliere water is scaroe. It is
stBitid bilf WBj between Maurah and Shiiar,
mSotft Syiii, between Hamah and Aleppo.
Iti iw^^bitiiiti ire Tamanitee.
Af-li/ C^wmaiim, A plaoe of Palea-
tise, « ^ bnden of Zebolnn and NaplitalL
gepJK There Chikt nanally resided during
Hjnasitiy.
0^ i^ The orapper (of a hone).
A^ BoBg leeority for another.
5^' iifWi (pL of J-i^), Securities,
1^^ [sheet.
J^ Va» Bead clothes, a winding-
^«a igf^ Being security (for another).
'^^^f (pL ^), A suffidenoy.
J^ iaf^ A security, surety, cau-
^' A pencil who is hail, guarantee, or
•WBiHe.
^ ^^|Mi, A square kerchief of cotton
ad dk mixed, generally yellow and green,
«|n m the Bast hr the Bedonins and the
vj^dsMB. It is raided so that one comer
^ bftchmd, and two other comerB hang
^"^^fonpart of the shoulders; with the
^ ^ eoter their fiaoes to protect them
^ the MiB'inm hot wind, or rain; it also
«va to eoQoeal die fieatona of those who
vnhtoheimkaown.
^ W, All, muTersal. The whole.
iTha ward aerer tskes the srticle. and is oon-
^^ with Tcrbs or sqhetantiTes in ti^e mas-
oJiiBeorfemine, singular or ploraL) J^
4/>t, Every man. i\j^\ J^, Every
^onaa. yM\ J$, All men. Ji
^^', The whole cup. When pre-
^ W verbs or snhstantiTes, it has some-
3aes the affixed pronoun annexed ; as
•w Oft^ Jii^ He put every enemy to
tbtfwoid. l^*JuJ,Vith his whole
^ J^^ J^, Every one. UK, As
J«tt. s-^Uj^^^, Prom every
«£, fatt lU quarters.
*^^, Forage, fodder, herbage, grass,
**^^^ingwith green herbage ( ground).
ii' tea, Both, i^ talla, Not at all,
'•-1 a the kait.
mJii kaldl, A delirium, insanity.
^11^ kOdh (pL of L^), Bogs.
c^)l^ ihiAlS, A pot-hook; also a hook
for drawing bread from OTens.
Sjii Mdbat, Eorceps, pincers.
Jl^ ibb/. Weakness, languor, fatigue,
Isssitode, impotencj.
laiii laldlat, Being fhtigued.
aH kaldm, A speech, an oration, ha-
rangue,discourse. |*)L^1.^v<^,Eloquent.
AQ\»ij, To refute, contradict, oppose.
fAii\ Joj, Slow of speech, ^f ^J^,
Hie word of GM. f!iil\ fU, Meta*
physios, rhetorio. isj>^\ fH^ ^^4>^ Uli
ttf« ^^ J])} ^3J {J^3 ^ Lj^^
JJt, So when he heaid the words of
his sisters, his heart was tranqnillized, and his
terror was qmeted, and the pain that he suf-
fered ceasea.
4/^ ialdu^ (pi. of JLK), Sidneys.
»K hddh, A cap, a cowl, a nightcap,
especially one worn by the Mahometan moahs
or derrises ; also in general any similar head-
dress ; a mitre, Uara, tnrban, a Tartar cap^ a
fillet or wreath.
u^ kalb (pi. cJlf ), A dog. ^^
jlJ\, The dog^tar. ^^\j id JUi
to him, 0 dog of men ! doth such an one as
thyself address me with these words P and dost
tbon mention my daag:hter in the assemblies,
and say that the son of thy sister is her equal ?
Who then art thon, and who is thy sister, and
who is her son, and who was his father, that
thon sayest to me these words, and addressest
me with this discourse P
iKiWJa^, A bitch. ^U^LjuJ^J^,
Every dog barks at his own door, j^a^
lJIS
(808)
OK
LJi^\ ^L) c-»W^l, The terkiog of
dogs does not injnn the doads.
^IsJ^ kalhatdfif A blacksmith's or far-
rier's forceps, with which they take hold of
hot iron or pnll oat noils.
^LmI^ JcMiyahf A sect of Ansariah who
pay adoration to the dog ; they inhabit the
mountains of T^tal^ift.
4mK halhiyah^ Cynici, Cynics, a sect of
philosophers, founded by Antisthenes the
Athenian. They 'were famous for their con-
tempt of riches, for negligence in their dress,
•nd the length of their bttuoda. Diogenes was
one of their sect.
^jM kikr Quiok-Hme.
&K kul/at, Trouble, Texation, distieie.
iS^ Kaleutta, Calontta, a city of Ben-
gal, and the capital of British India, standing
on the £. bank of the Hooehly river, at the
distance of 100 miles from the Bay of Bencral.
In the year 1690 the English founded a Su>-
toiy, and in the year 1696, in consequeuce of
a rebellion in bengaii, t^ fortified it This
. ihctory was named Fort William, and it is the
laigest fortress in India. Opposite the ^rt
• stands the Government House or palace, in a
line with which nvi^ a row of superb bouses.
At right angles &om this, and eastward of th^
OoTernment House, there have been erected a
' number of handsome houses, with colonnaded
fronts and flat roofr, each house being sur-
rounded by a garden or grass-plot, ana com-
manding a Tiew of the fort, esplanade^ and
race-grounds. On the right baud of the
- goTemment hquse are the treasury and court
of justice. The town, which comprises two
sections, a natiye and a European, is inhabited
by merchants of all the countries of the world.
It has an extensirQ squajre, with a large tank
or pond of fresh wato*, called the Lall Biggy,
and sixty feet deep. One side of this square
' is occupied by the writers' builduigs, where all
the junior ciril serrants of the company hare
apartments, whilst on the other side stands the
college. On the third side of the square there
are some handsome shops and houses, occupied
by merchants and others engaged in business.
At the N.W. comer of the square ii t)ie obe-
lisk, which commemorates the capture of the
fort ; and the apartment known as the "Black
Hole of Calcutta ** is now used as a store-room.
The principal public buildings, besides Ibose
mentioned, are the town-hul, the mint, a
cathedral, numerous Protestant churches, Ro-
man Catholic chapels, an Arminian church, a
Mahometan college, seTeral mosques, and a
number of Hindoo temples. Opposite to the
town the Hooghhr is a mile wide, and there is
eood anchorage for ships of 500 tons buiden,
But the larger Tcssels are obliged to stop at
Diamond Harbour, about fifty miles doim the
riTcr. There are several ship^building docks,
and its trade is yerr extensive, as it moso]
lizes nearly the wnole of the intenor cu
merce of Itengal. It b tiie seat of the net
poUtan, who ^ the title ol Bishop of Cslcai
with a salary fixed by Act of Parliamest
£/^P00per annum. Btp. 700,000. Xst
7ort Wiam, 2T 8^ N. Xom. 88" 3<r E
Tbe mutiny of the Sepoys, which broke oat
1857, and was filially suppressed in 1859, i
parted to Calcuttia, as the capital of the lod
empire, an interest much greater than it 1
ever before obtained in tiie eyes of the ciriU
worl4 The consequence of this was innun
able descriptiona of it from writea of er
variety ; and among these, one from the ipe
correspondent of the TimtM newspaper.
one of the letters of thia authority we fini
stated, that ** you mast go to the top of
Auchterlony monument to have any notioo
the size of this city. It is quite fire m
long, and in some parts tiiree miles brosd;
can the po^ulatioa — I speak after tsUuDg
matter over with those best able to fbni
judgment— be lesa than 700,000 souls. Tl
IS Fort William, to be sure ; but ia all ot
it ia the most dofenoeleiB city in
world." The following, firom the same whi
will show the nature of tiie attention whkh
Englishman must be pxenared ta reorin
moment he sets foot in the capital of s k
where his oountryipen have carried all bd
them by their oouiage and their geaiwi
''When you land at Calcutta, you an
another world. You may faney yonneU
vou please, a grand seigneur, teigmng in
hearta of a devoted people, whoae affetti
you have seeued by a ufiBtime of benefit!
acts. Ton are scarcely housed befon ^
waited i^n by a deputation of your subjs
with their handa upon their lus and 4
bodies bent in lowly obeiaanoe. Their hid
aspiration is to have tilie honouc of becon
your highness*B domestic slaves. That B
doo, whose lar^ deep eves are cast rarthms
and who, in his dress or irreproachable w^
ness, js waiting patiently till your notice il
warm him into life, desires only to be 1
bearer, the keeper of your wardrobe, andj
tireman. The rather taller Mussulman, ii
salaam is a little lesa lowly, has placed sD
hopes upon becoming your kiteutgar,-
wait upon you at table, to bring you «
flesh, aye, and even swine*s flesh, if
srace snould delight in such undf
The three more loosely*clad lords of
who are adoring you, hesitate to promise
selves the hapumess of swinging pur pi
Believing each other every four houn,
will employ all their eneigies day and
while you sleep and while you wake, in
2 cool air over your heated brow,
er men, whose costume is sdll more
express their devotion bjr the humility of
prostrations. Their ambition ia to cany
your honoured corporation ; sav you arc
stone weight, still they wiU bear you
under the not sun at a smart trot, your '
reclining all the while in a huge box,
J^
(800)
f^
ffiidibipiiMn'B ehefety vith tKding panels to it,
reading, imokmg, or ftleepioig, as yoa list :->-
n Mt fi dovz de Adre M Imireax,
sfld joQ maj gniaif the wbole of these ezpeet-
ants iH the expenie of something less than J52
per week."
Ui bdhmi, Whatever. As often as,
every time. (Or ^^j^), Whoever
oU^ in/Mid^ (pi. of l^), Words,
^oaiki, diseotMiBe. iJL^UiS^yLjilt,
Thedeealogiie. aHl iL«K^ The word
of God. liKii^, Word for word.
l^lj^, The king t^ked to her, end
inquirBd of her her naitaie ; hut she was sSent,
not uttering a single word, nor xetuming him
snuKver.
i)S hdiDdt^ A UdKiey.
j^ hih (fern. L^), (G*Dund) (Severed
* with ploity of herbage, gre^ or dry.
J^ h^ (fern. Ui ]Miyat)y Universal,
'toiaj, important. Pertaining to all, to the
▼hole, JKH aliuUi, The very, the
^^ the most^ added to the substantives,
pf ea them the highest decree of superlatiyity,
as l^/^- i\j ^yiA\ J[fl\ alkuin ash-
«Wif mrfi'jkriii, The" right hononrable.
^P^ J^t MtMl attlkM, The most
blessed. ' ijj^\ J331 oZiMA flJifci.
toaA,Thevety holy, the most holy. \fj\
L\^\ Ui\\ Jl\ 0 moet holy mother !
l*2^\ lil\ aOMUi (uhshakdwat, The
noitiinhappy. iJS V'^j ^J^J^^ '*^
*^ Adid opinin jb«^ tDa^awdkihhu hul-
^ M^ This IB an important matter,
^ iti eQuequenoes are wery important
'^\» Mhtaifah, Not at all, by no
^\i, I am not at all acqoainted with
this
^^ Utiiif&if The whole works of an
aotbor, as, ^l^ oLK, The works
cf>*aziakL
^Uw«J^ ^(^U^ ll^hla wa dawfna, A mond
work, which existed from remote times nndet
the ti^le of ^itupadaaa (exhibitioa of right
doctrine) in the Banskrit, and hating been
brought from In^ to the court of Eesra
-KoQinirwan, Einff o)f Persia (in the 41st ]Mr
of whose reign Mohammad was bom), and
translatod ibto Palwi by Biizoweieh the phy-
^idan, was again translated into Arabic nnoer
the khaliMie of Al-Mattiun, and afterwaMis
into modem Persian by Abou'l Maali, with
th(B title Anwari Soheili, and revised by Hassan
Kashefi* the -author of the Persian Commen-
tary on the £ur'an. The Arabic versfon,
which is yenr elegant, was printed at Bulac in
the time of Mohammad Aau Pasha, the Vice-
ioj of Ejgypt.
j^ hUlm^ One who speaks to another.
dfit aJ^, One who speaks to God, i.e,
Moees.
M$ km (comp. contrac. of u/ and a),
How much? Many, much. A multitude.
ij^ iS, How often ? fS^ ci^j Ji Jli
* ci:UJ\ ^l^ CC^^ JJ»^\
^ ij:*^! i»^ «x& , How often have I stood
fighting ; and how often have I slain ; tod to
how many things have I been a witness!
And how often have I eaten, drunk, and heard
• the songs of singing ladies! How often
have I ordered and forbidden! How many
strone fortresses and towns have I not b^
sieged and conquered (opened), and from which
I have taken the lovely females' ornaments !
But in my ignorance I committed a great mis-
take, by obtaining, as a security, thin^ wished
for, but whieh proved at last to be frail. Con-
sider then attaitively thy ease, 0 man, before
thou shalt drink the cup of death ! For yet a
little while, and the dost shall be poured upon
thee, when lifeless thou shalt be !
1^ kumm (pi. /*U^1), A sleeve.
u
(310)
t^
U^ kamd, A mnBbroom.
U^ kamd (comp. of CS and U), Like ;
as^ J U^, As it is asserted, as above
related. J^Hl _i U^, As before.
iJ^iXs^t ^ J;j U^, As it is related
in the sayings (of Mahomet). U^
^tl^-jJb, As it ought; agreeable to
justice. |J^ J^ ^f As God spake.
^l^ \^, As it was, in the same manner
and situation, equally, alike. U^
v_ -'^^y \^, As it may suit or be agree-
able. aLmoaT^ U^, As befare fully
enlarged upon. ^ U^, As things
M
are, as the affair stands. JJi \a^, As
it is said. ^t«X7^jjU^, As you
judge you will be judged ; such as you measure
will be measured to you. ^yvV. ^>
As it suits. Ji7 <Ji3j^ Amu U^
kama tafyil kazaUk tolakt, Such as you do, so
will you find. ^\ \.fuuuiJ _3 LlJUj
ij -^! h ^j^ J^\ ijjC Uy^S\ 1 jjb
And she said within herself, Verily this thing
no one has kno¥m from me, and I will not
reyeal it to this old woman until I shall hare
tested and tried her, as it must be.
djU^ kamayah, A mushroom, a fungus.
JU^ kamdl (pi. CL>llU^), Perfection,
excellence, integrity ; completion, accomplish-
ment, conclusion; punctuality. JliJ
J JU; dd] JUfll ^^^, So the
king said within himself, May God be praised,
the Creator of this damsel! How elegant she
is, saving that she does not speak. Sut per-
fection l^longeth only unto Chod, whose name
beeialted!
JuIU^ kamdtlyat. Perfection. See JU^.
aU^ kimdm (pi. of fS kmm), Bose-buds,
* etc. '
^U^ kamdn, Again, still (vulgar).
^^U^ ktmdnfah, A violin.
^^^2^ iumaira\ A pear ; pears.
Ji^ hamuliy Uke, as, aocording to.
\s^ kamkhd, A kind of Oriental brocai
jA^ kamar, A girdle, zone, belt
CJy£ ffumruk (Oreek "Kofi^pia)^
custom-house. An export or import di
J\ \l^y^ ywnruk'd-har^ A land ci
tom-house. j^^ Cjty^ gumrvk^
hahr, The sea-port custom-hoose. i
Vil^^^l rasmul pumrul, An exji
or import custom-duty. ^ vjj
C//im\ mitahMim min al gumruk^
smuggle, ij^y^ Emoih^ Chemo
An idol of the Moabites, supposed to be the <
fjyi^ kammUn, Cummin seed, ^^i
^1»>, Aniseed. ^^^j\ ^y^f Oarrawa
^uaS kammlyaif Quantity.
^j^ kamln, An ambush, a larking pis
where any one makes ohsemtion witt
being seen.
^J kun, Let it be; as ^^ ^, ((
said) let it be, and it was.
jU^ kandr, A side, brink, coast, sho
extremity, limit, boundary, edge ; the hem
a garment) ; the maigin (of a book).
(jmII^T kanndi, A sweeper.
Uc,^ kundsat, Sweepings, rabblsh, di
iA:^ kindjfot or ^U^y An allnsion, mc
phor, metonymy, rhetorical figure. Girinj
understand one s meaning by parallel, and
direct, explanation.
^^\:Skattdyi8 (pi. of ^m*^), Chart}]
^l:.^ kandiftn (pi. of ^}, Baughtc
in-law.
^lIj^ kannat, The wife of a son.
Ji^^kanz, Treasuring. JSTohm (pL jy
Treasure (especially buried gold or silver).
(jmIi^ kansy Sweeping.
^U«^ JETan^nf Canaan. The son
Ham, Noah's son. Also a oountiy ca
Palestine, bounded east by the river Jon
west by the Mediterranean Sea, south
the deserts of Arabia, and north by M-^
Libanus, about 180 mUes in length, and ah
130 miles in breadth.
V
(311)
>
uciimffA ode, edge, maigin, ooast,
dure.
\yS bmii (fi oi^), Treasares.
^ bpfttot l^f A metaphor. A snr-
me en^med bjedli^ m one thefttiier or
wikr, ff the MO or ungtiter, of aome one
ik, tfaai »^ AiiUr o/ZUt;* <* I!W «om
•f JfiM," ire of tiiii ela«y as alio, and more
M^oM (pL yJSci), A ehnroh.
ci^litf/ A public neoessarj.
i}^ hmsonkj A hive or any place in
*^ bes Bake honer. Bewrroin in which
tb BsdoaiM keq^ fhe yearly proTiiionf of
^ ad faariej. It ii fire feet high, and
tffoindiaietery fonned of day and cat itnw,
Mud IB the nn.
J/ib.4ir (pL of i^\i, fiBm. of^l^),
^nt^ Tietorion.
V^l/ i«^^i» (pL of i^l^). (A
gDT: haviiig mlliiig breasta. [etaxi.
^r^^lmakih (pi. of u^/ iai9ibi&),
Jf WW, Nectar; a sweet boTerage ;
^ ttdv-flowii^ rirer in Pazadiee.
^;^^ A imall hat or hoaae or leede.
Kf ^^ A dty, or town. A tract of
if ^wi, A Cord. ^J&^^j^, Earii'
^ The eountrj of Cords.
';/^wiA, A large Tillage or market
i^n. A number of oontignooi villagee.
IpElK^ra, Under this appeUation,
*^ ii often i^lied in Syria to plains, is
"■'Praedallthe covntrr to the southward of
^ J^ale, as ^ as the Wadi Mqjeb. This
u-Km ii the Plain of Moab. The soil ia
^«! Mdy and not rery fertile.
;y ^ A jog, a decanter ; an earthen
iflttfe,»pjgiet; a flagon, jng, enp.
^/ f *M The dty of Cufa. A town
« d^eit bank of the Enphratea, about
^ ds^ march from Bagdad, which haa
^^*^^y diaappeared. It was founded
2^ njal town, Madain, on the opposite
■7 ■ the mer to be inoommodioua or in-
. TheilifltAbaaaideKhaleei;Sa&b,
^ Ii for aone time the capital of his
^^ ttd it was then a flourufaing town ;
^ilMAllfaimirbailt Bagdad, he trans-
P"«d lUftcr a considerable partof its popu-
'^^'A i tnd frnn that period tt gradually fell
into deeay . It was much filmed for its literary
men, to whom allusion is made in every Arabic
work, especially for iti grammarians and legal
doctors. The two sects of Arab erammarians,
whose rival opinions are quotea continually,
were named renpeotiTely from Eufith and
Basrah, the Kuflyan and Basriysn. The
more ancient charaeten of tiie Arabs are
called, from the name of this town, Kufic.
The^ ara more suited for inscriptions than for
writing, being sqnan and heayy, and a good
deal resembling the Syriac : the most ancient
copies of the Sur'an are written in them.
s>^f hmhahy A star ; a constellation.
The white of the eye.
^^ kalanf or JMunf, The cholic; a
pain in the back and loins from cold.
L*^ kHma^ A heap of earth.
^jf kawHf Being, becoming, happening.
Eaaenoe, existence. The unirerae, tiie world,
every created being. Aj^ likawnihi,
Becauae it might be.
^JiJ^ iawnoffn (dual of ^jf)f Both
worida ; both kinda of beings, corporeal and
apiritnal, men and angela.
^5J^ huwaifjf, Name of a star.
ij\^ tahdnat, Taming prophet, priest,
or aoothaayer. KihStuU, Predicting. The
prieathood. DiTination, aoothsaying, augury.
And he has, of enchanters, sages, diriilis,
derils, and giants, those against whom none
can prevail, and under nis authority are
people whose number none knoweth but God.
\)j^ kahrubd, for bj i^, Attracting
straws; %.$,, Amber, ^b^ kahr
ianiyahf Electoieaty, or the power of attrac-
tion, the electric fluid. The more one con-
siders what the ancients understood by aher
and tpirit, and what the Indians call al kaehe,
the stronger does one find the analogy between
it and tiie electric fluid. Aluminous fluid, prin-
ciple of warmth and motion, pervading the
universe, forming the matter of the stars,
having small rouud particles, which insinuate
themselves into bodies, and fill them by dilat-
ing itself; be their extent what it will, what
can mora strongly resemble electricity P The
ether which is derived from the Arabic word
j^\ iUhir, called also ^UiiJ ^^j rawh
lokman. The spirit of Lokman, according to
the aneients, is one of the five elements of
the universe, which are: Ear^h, water, ais,
fire, tad ether or spiritos.
(318)
imJ^ lahf, A care. A large cavem,
a grotto. An aiyliiiii« MpeouUy « cave dog
by men, or Ibnned by nature, in a moontain.
fji^^J\ ^"J^y The asylum of sappli-
cants. L.tt|CH c-^Las^t, Th« oom-
panions of the cave, i.«., The aeren atoepers.
This is ftnmded on a legend of seven young
Ohristians of Ephesos, who fled, fher say,
from the peraeeution of the Emperor Decins,
and slept in a eare, aoeompanied by their
doj^ for 809 years. Mahomet has adopted
this story in tae 18ih chi^ter of the Alcoran.
Jl^ haldf Of fiill age, i.9. from about
thirty to fifty. A man beginning to groirgrey.
h4 kahanat (pi. of ^^^)f Priests.
uJ^ huhitf^ OaTems^ grottosi Caves.
^ kay (a&d ^}, That* in older to.
iJjS hiydMotf Ingenuity, quickness of
parts, TiTadty. Gnnmng.
Ju^ kofydl, A measurer of grain.
Ju^ iayd, Deceit, fraud, stratagem, lay-
ing snares, entrapping.
^ji*^ jAa (pi. (^L^l), A sack, bag, parse.
^jt^ hayyit (fem. Xmm^), Ingenious,
sagacious, prndeni. Cunning, shrewd, sly,
crafty.
SmJi^ iajffa, The quomodo of any thing,
the how, in what way, what sort or kind.
The state of one's health. How ? w-figili.
How then !
immi^ Kayf^ Hilarity, good humour, a
little eleyated by drinking. Amuaement,
pleasure, r^j**^ \ ^i^j ^— ^ kioSlf wa
haz wa ituhirah, Amosements, enjoyments,
comforts and attractions, everything which
makes people happy. [manner.
Ui«^ iayfitmd, Anyhowt • In what
tatatoajjah ttuadif khayran. Whithersoever
thon shalt go, thon wilt get good.
***** ^ « ■. ^
^L^ kay/lytUy Quality, mode. ^JlS
^^\j, A fixed permanent quality.
^.^U aJa^, a movable or acci-
dental quality. In oonunon conTersation
^Jl^ kayfiat means Hilarity, pleasure,
amusement. t^aJJl
.oLJjnJJb
<UiJ31j, This man likes pleasure and
* public amusements, jys^ \^\ w«j
W v.;..«a:is, Though dbe be oU
nevertiieless she is fond of amosemeati m
pleasnre. She l&es to ba of good hnmssz, t
drink a little.
J^ kayl, ICeasurmg (grain). On
patfaig or mesMring (one thing bj anolbir^
A aeasore of grain, also of ounr dry goal
and liquids.
L^ kayl&f Lest, that not.
ii^iby^(pL U^L^), Meawueb dimei
sion. JTiZo/, Anything measoied; the mckj
of meaaaring.
AS fSiUh, A measure of com.
U^ kaymd, In order to.
y^^ HhLi (Greek), The chyle.
(jMy4>J kimUs (Greek), The chyle.
C^ ktmtyA, Chemistry, alchemy; th
philosopher's stone. This wotd is stqipne
to be aeriyed from the Greek Mio«, whid
signifies juice, humour, etc, ana therefon {
is confined properly to the ezliactioii cf ti^
esBBnoei of pknts. It is, bowvvsr, extauk^
also to prepustions from minerals, m0tali,et<
tj^ kayniinaif Being, existing, h^
pening.
^I^j^trdn or ibyiirdii,The planet Satnrtj
J Mm, The twenty-third letter of tii(
Arable alphabet In arithmetic it dsDotc
30 ; and in the ophemerideB it eiyossog nigbi
the planet Saturn, and the opiMsite sspeet i
astrology, and in the date of lett«a, stao:
for the month of Jf^ thawdh
J la (an inseparable particle prefixed t
yerba, and generally used in the middle of
aentanoe^. That, to, ibr, by, becatMise, o& »
oount of, therefore, in order to. (It also mtn
the dative when followed by the affixed pn
nouns; as) ui3. To thee; i, T
him, etc JU prefixed to nouna denots tl
genitive aa well as the datiye; £
(J!^ lirtMi, Of or to the Lord ; as
also because of the Lord« i.^^J^
li f taadibf For instruction or eiucatici
JI KOahi, Bj God; for God. i
4!^ J^, For the love of God and hi
prophet (This particle is often prefixed liki
wise by way of pleonasm or expletife, wiii
out hafittg any precise meaning).
UJ
(818)
^
)
I ii, 5«, not, not «t all (or 1^), It ia
not iDl )l idIX There is no Gfod bat
Goi ^), Nothiag. S, Neithw,
L.FiOoot
Jvil ) II Ml, I do not MM, I fern not
L-« ^1, The ymanX ef men is lie
vkoiHHiktd men atei^g hii wiekadneta.
t-'lli^kii^ It 18 not tad; tiiet« is
^>Ml^Neoe«flril7, in&lliblj, en-
ti«l7. Most IfcJt j^^^ J j^l ^^
j^T^ c^l l*bt , Bat I most go with-
«f M to k« t noond time. On hearing
H^Kfdbnderiacreaaed, and I became ttoro
iMiimilL AAar aoDM dajv, hmreveri the
wvsBaitusei^aitt.
LT^^^i CloChed, who pats on clothes.
^}ld^ Who aboonds in, or drinks
cJ ^, or CL^Ut oOU, Nams of an
m vonbipped by the p«gan Arabiana, as
ae eidirt angfator of Ommpotenee. Tiiei^
2* iikevfae an idol called £at, wonhipped at
ncttj^ IB ID&; it was one large stone,
ttj&dMDsia height, placed in the midit of
* tapb, nd n^portea bj fiflf-aix oolnmns
■ttBTegold.
^>lte/ara«, TTndoabtedly, necessarily.
/^1^*9», Because. 4U>j ^JU J:>-J
i>\^t CdSj, On acooont of his wealth
^ betaty, or learning and perfection.
j^lf On my aoooant (Jjij J^S,
Ifr^ ^^mrd. Lapis lazoli. A blae
*^* ^"^jfir^f A2are, certdean.
^J feiO, Teaching, adhered, con-
^^^wiag. [properly.
f-^ teUi, Pconoonoing yowels im-
:>J toWsrd/, Eent-free. Lands let
r'^l ,^ ^^^J, It never en-
tered into tbe heart of aum, it ia ineoapre-
henaible.
aJl£ 4^^ jS At 4(0^91 ^fhfih, A release
or ao^^tiaaoe in law.
«I SlMkijftdi, Latakiay or Latakiehi a
aeaport of Syria, in the paahaKe of Tripoli,
aerenty miles from Tripoli. It oonsisiB of an
old and new town, bnt has greatly fkllen into
decay. In 1828 an eaiihqaake rednoed a
great part of the new town to mine. It has
a traoe in tobaooo, for which it ia £uaons;
cotton, wax, sponge, and scammony. Jh>p,
7000. ItiatheaaoeatLaodlbea.
^Ji ktrayb, There is no donbti nn-
qneationably) infidlTbly, certainly.
Jljl Id %ala, May it never ikil; may it
i«t for ever.
L^ji Idub, Firm, solid, hj^ l^^^J^
<^j*i, The thing was done neces«
sarily. [hesiTC.
^ji Idtik, Adhering, coalescing. Ad«-
Aji Idnim (fern. l^Ji), Keoessary, argent,
proper, suitable^ important. \Jt\ /^Ji,
Keoetaary to be done. \ij|\ Aji, Neoes-
aary to b^ (teaerredi oaieftilly to be watohed
or kept. fi*^\ fjif P^per to be
prefixed or placed OTor. (^1^^^ fj^
or ii\£-)\ fiji, Honourable. Worthy
of reverenoe. jLaiJt ^S, Neoessary
to be obeyed* In common eoaY^Mtition.
dkji Idum represents the English ' mast.'
M^] i^^^\ Aji, I most write t6*day.
r3J^ (0^ U^^' ^ ought not to ^.
d^ c5^^ (^j^9 ^ ^^ relate to yoa.
*mgjj^\ |*jS U, I most not drink. ^Ji
^j»^ VdJb j^l;, Ton mast take this
from me.
i^ji IdMimat or A^Ji Uhitmah, Kecessity,
exigence, obligation, debt •
^ 4*^) Id shablh lahu, Incomparable.
uJj^'i Id ihak, Undoabtedly.
iJ^'i tdihiih^A carcase, a dead body.
^i Idshojf, Nothing, a trifle.
^'
n
(814)
c?J
fjJi Idtik, Adhering, joined.
jiffi laHm, Striking, boxing.
i^^ri Id^, A player, a gamester.
aJ ^K) Idkaldm fihi, Let it pass, I
agree, there is no more to be laidL Without
a word; indisputably.
a Id Idy No, no, not at all.
^i loan (pi. of j!jl), Pearls.
uJll fH ULm dliff This compounded
character S l& some Arabian gram-
marians consider as the 29th letter of the
alphabet; and support it by sajfing that
Mahomet denounced eternal damnation to all
who refused to adopt it as such.
^) Idmihf Looking slyly, bat atten-
tiTely. Shining, glancing.
^Isr^i l&mah&lah. Inevitably. Abso-
lutely, without fail.
^1 Lamakh, The father of Noah.
^jts^ ldm%8, Tonohing, feeling. i^\
^Mh^UI al kuwat W Idmuah, or JU^^J
limitiyahj The ftculty of touch, tact
^) Idmi^ (fem. ^Ut^S), Splendid, shin-
ing, bright, flashing. ^Uc/tSI l&mi^ahy
Splendour, brightness.
^ ^Ji^'i Idtnakdna lahu, Inexistenty
haying no abode.
^i Idmi, Belonging to the letter J.
^i lumna, Because, since, in order to.
al^^JduH IdnoMira lahu, Incomparable, nn-
equalled.
^\ ^JU»-^\ S Id awhoiha dUah, Gk>d for-
bid. MayOod remoye all K>rrow from him.
Braro! Well done!
c/^St ZflttTf, A Levite ; Levitical.
i^^i Idhif, Injured, afflicted, sad, sigh-
ing. A tidl, handsome, oorpulent, great man.
^■y^lSlI uJjb), A heart torn with grief.
cijyb) ULhut, Dirinity. Jybl, Divine.
^ ^i, Why ? wherefore ?
JjusiS Id ytUabadddi, Incommutable,
unchangeable. jufcSi Id ytUaghayyar,
Unalterable. [tolerable.
0^^ae\ii Id yutahammdlf and jUa^Sy In-
jjsfj^ Id %ajiig, Brohibited, illicit
^S Idyth (fiem. ia^'i). Evident, dear,
appearing. Bright, splendid.
ia^i la^iha, A written project, report,
scheme. Prospectus.
^^^as^Ji Id yukia\ Innumerable.
ul^Jji Id ffudrik, Incomprehensible.
Jari Id fuhM, Illegitimate.
^Vsii Idym&hf Indissoluble.
J b) Idyastdl, Eternal, durable, perennial.
jjoi Zfi ffu^($d, Innumerable.
(JmI Id ya^ilf A man who cannot
make use of Us intellectual fiusulties, like an
insane, mad, or drunken man, etc. [quered.
v,y^iffj!l Id yugUab, Invincible, unoon-
Jtftji Id ffufham, Unintelligible.
Jji Idyik or layk (fem. ^S), Worthy,
proper, adapted, couTenient, suitable, due, fit
for, aUe, qualified.
dJ^^H Id yumut, Immortal.
^Jff^ ^ yanbaghlf It is not proper. It
is not convenient, it is liot suitable.
yanbaghi Idka an tatdkallam, It was not fit
for you to speak, you ought not to speak.
C^skJi Id ytmfah, Indivisible.
j^Siji Id yunkisoTf Infrangible.
\„Juaj!i Id yaiwwfj Unspeakable, inex-
pressible in words.
\ZJ^ hbb, The heart, the soul. Marrow,
a kernel; the pith of a tree. The best part of
anything. jyjK\ Ji^, The kernel of a
nut Zubh (pi. c^Ut), The under-
standing, genius, judgment.
A^U lahdhatf Intelligence, ingeniousness.
jU kthhdd, Felt dotb. jU lahbdd,
Felter. sjU luhhddah, A wrapper
made of fiBlt, and worn in the time of ndn.
^^U Ubds, A garment, vest, robe.
^ac^ labkhat, A cataplasm.
^^mJ Idbi, Putting on a garment.
LJ labat, Striking the ground with the
ibre-foet.
j;J{0^y A garment (fitting well), sja
Ul
(315)
^
kk Ida, THoi wititooet fits ytm wdl.
d3 jJb 1 trX;^^ ^^ ^^^ tarlush
fijfdki^ Tlof (nd) cap does not fit yon.
jJ labm, Qrigmally meant milk, bat
Km it BMBt tikit kind of milk which IS four-
ik-.ffidii]id wfaej ; the ficih iniOk 11 oOled
jU Zvindfl, Maant LibaniiSy called
fnntknilkj whitenoB of hs perpetoal snow
'the i& moQstein,' a monntam-ohain of
8viia,atflBdfflg from the Ticinitj of Antioch
8. to Mr SidoiL Its fnlimTM^tiT^g peak is
JeU-XikkiM], 12,000 feet abo^e&e leyel of
^ M. Here dwdl the Bnases, the most
nojirtadiuutedseetarians in Asia. They
«n?7 &e irltotft of the sonthem range of
tb Leittog chiia, the irastern sbpe of Anti-
^^tm and Jebel-es-SheiUi, where they hold
gg^Te pwwrinn of npwaards of forty towns
^ TiOa^ md, with the Maronites, share
SMoflR. Eighty TiUaffea in otherparts of
^BaoB ire also peoplea hy them. They owe
^ onp to a Pefiian, Mohammed Ben-
lBiO-€d.Denzy, who settled in ^gjft in
If^Utbotwho, on aeooont of his ftnattcism,
vii drifn from the ooontry, and forced to
^ Rfttge in the Talley of Wady-el-Teim.
y he jropagstad his doffmas, which were
TOsids modified hy Hamza, whom the
JwTenente as their real fonnder.
i^UmU (pL CL^UJ), A briok.
0 (^ oy ), A lioneas.
yJ WfJ, Pradent, intelligent^ wiae,
^oim, weak; indostrioas, attentiTe, as-
^^'"^ [commands.
^ Mtffl^ Here I am: I wait your
^2eM,XIpto the present this word
^^Ivayi been translated by '*Here I am,
Wtstthj eommands," bnt originally it was
votte of aDeity,and the Dei^ worshipped
« Bagl-lebbek (Balbek). In Arabic, when
■T oae 19 edlsd, he answers Lebbek I or
^! vbieh aoswers to the English Sir.
Mtknimo donbt that IMek is the Toca-
^of God, and that God whom the PhcBni-
^idoredinthe Great Temple of Balbek.
ut foOoving sentence, attnbnted to the
^™ AH Ibn Aba Taleb, proves that
^ **i and is infoked vider this name :
li a^ ^£^\ cLd «iXJ
'^<vXl\, 0 Lebbek! 0 Lebbek!
Raiting Lnd; be merdfh], therefore, nnto
3 M hmhle aenrant^ whose refuge thou
"• [strike.
K Striking, beating; to beat» to
art
J*'
aI! lasm, Kissing. Veiling the &ce.
Is) lafa, A district of the province of
* Damascus, inhabited by several tribes of Arabs.
<U»*U9 hjdjakf Urging with perristenoe ;
xmportnmty, contention, impatience. Stab*
bomneas, repngnance, ndnctance.
aLs) Ufdmy A bridle, reins.
£s^ h^'aty The great deep, the middle of
the sea, an abyaa.
^^ lafnj (fem. i^y^), One who urges
with importunity and persistence.
^^ htfitj, To enter, to penetrate.
ij)i\, I will not do this till a oamel
goea through the eye of a needle.
]ff\J lahd%. The exterior angle of the
2e. Xt'Ads, Obsenring attentirely, looking
rough half-shnt eyes.
uJ\J IMfy A blanket, a ooverlet, a
f^ ton, A TeQ, or any fillet bound
^the mouth to disgmae the £EU)e, or keep
counterpane. JJJ^ S A«^ cs^jW'j
lJUSj JAjS ^ dJl ^laa^^U, And
I converaed with him till bedtime, when he
prepared for me a place in this shop, and
brought me a bed and coyerlet.
JJi lahh&m, A butcher, a seller of meat.
^lieJ lahhdn (fem. ij\^)t One who pro-
nounces with great impropriety.
tXs lahaif A place dug in the side of a
sepulchre ; a niche, a catacomb.
^jmA laht (or ims^), Licking.
]ciJ lahs, Looking through half-shut
eyes, iia^ lahutt or lahsuth. One
look, a glance. In the twinkling of an eye.
iia^^^ , But for a moment.
(.Js) lahff Govering with any doak or
coverlet.
^J^ hhakf Anything following and join-
ing another. Zahkf Joining, adhering.
j^ lahrn^ Flesh, meat.
JUsj lakmat (pL f^^), A piece of meat
Zuhmat, The woof of a web. Lahmat, The
fleshy skin of the head. XtfAma^, Propinquity,
relationship.
^jA lahan. Deviating, pronouncing erro-
neously. Saying anytliing to one which he
J^
(816)
f"
nndentandi, but is miinteHigiUe to ewej
other peraon, (PI. ^^ and j^UJ),
A sound, a tone. Melody, modulation. An
error in pronouncing Uie vowels. A caco-
phony, monotony, a faaibarisiii <ft Apeeoli or
accent. Thesigtiifioatioziof awotd. k^,
One sound, one barbaxisiii.
J^ luhnk, FollbWittg, rtAching, aiti-
TaL Conjunction, touchy adbalbn.
^^ luhiim (pi. of ^ abd It^), tteat.
kjy^ lahatoi, Belonging to the beard,
^L^ kki/ami, fiaring A large or lon^
beard.
La^ Jihyat (pi. ^^), A beard.
«>1 hid, The ancient Lydda, in the Plain
of Bamla, in Palestine. This dty, after its
destiiiction in the beginning of the Jewisfa
War, on being nbailt, aisamed the name of
Diospolis, and became a placa of some im-
portance. It is now a heap of ruins ; the
most remarkabto of Which ate the temai^iLs of
a vety handsome ohtreh, built by Bichaid
Coeur de Lion, hi honoilr of Saint G«orge,
patron of Engiand, whose birthplace it was,
and who is repotted to h&ye suffered mart^-
dom here. Se is held in great feneration
throughout the East. In eyeij ditirch one
can notice a picture repk<6sentin|j^ the aehieVe-
ment of this saint with the dn^fon, with the
inscription of Mar jimyid$ in Arabic^ or of
A710S Ttwpyios in Greek.
ioJ lad^h, Stinging (as a Bcorpion),
biting (as a serpent}. A Cutting expresnon.
^jJ bdun, The presence (of Ood).
4^jJ lada\ To, with, nigh, Aear^ after,
at (before the definite article Jf).
Immediately near to (ia space), immediately
after (in time). Jl^f i^jJ lada*i
8u*aly On the question beibg put, when asked.
c:i>l jj lauat (pi. of ijJ), Pleasures, de-
cs^tjj, Pleasures of
lights.
the senses. Cd1«3JJI i^jU hadHnt^'l-
loExat, Death, the destroyer of all pleaeniei.
«3j1jJ hudiftz (pi. of ijjii), Pleasures.
^Umms^ Jjtjj kuUiffut jiimAniyak,
Creatore-eomfortik
f jj lauat, Pleasure, delight, content,
sweetness ; taste, flaTour, sayonr.
cl^«jJ kaalika, Because, on account of.
Jj ji! IomU, Sweet, full of juice, delightful.
Jij] hnUlk, Glue. i^jJl jV^, the
^ue of gold, t .«. boraxb Gum ammoiiac.
A>jjl ImniH, Necessity, compukion^ oh*
ligation. Necessarily foUb^ing, bdroVing.
hikttua IthSKm^ We have #> &eed ot this
■errant
(jiji laaXkf An inse];)arat)le companion.
^U lisdn, The t6Ag^e. Language, cBa-
lect, idiom, diction, speech, jargon. Hie style
of a book. jjSl ^U, Btlglos, borage.
J^\ ^U, Plantane, jxA\ ^U,
A high etoomitun. j^ii^] ^^U, The
seed of the a8h-trei». m^^!Q\ ^U,
The kerb dog^s-tottgne. jQf ^U,
The tongue of fire, •.«. flame without smo^e.
JU)\^U l^mU hdi, The mute
language of oihsumstances. ^^UjJ,
Two-totigned> i.(f* deceitfiil. UU
luanan^ Verbally. [prOaShing.
^*J Uu^ Stinging as a scorpion. Be-
^^mJ latan, Eloquence. Zasin, Eloquent.
JiaS Iftit (pi. ^yA)t A robber.
Z^ Kssat (lem. of ^), A female robber.
jj«J kuuk. Conjunction, adhesion,
j;^ kMt, o# AijKil, Neighbouring.
Aiiy laidfai^ Grace, elegance, beauty.
Being small, slender, yet handsome.
(bJjlU latayif{jpL of iLlJi), Agreeable
ti^iugb; agreeable, t^easiAg sayings.
ujy hUf, Gentleness, liumanitj^ gra-
dousnesB, loreliness, goodnesS) fitTour, courtesy,
blandishment, kindneu, benignity, bounty,
generesity, pleasure, beBeroleace, elegaaee.
JaS la^, Striking with a palm twig ;
cutting the cheeks with blows.
^Uy hiftuU, A blow, a bos. c:..%slxj)^
J^3^^J}j^^ U^ ^. s^ v)-»^ ^
u
(317)
U
'a U* '•1 ^^ "-^ i»^» II 4V5 t «» ^iiC
M^lfJloy Hid I foraknowH the
pain that I hATO nffcnd fron tliy blow, I had
kfiowB that tbe elc^^uiit 0(yiil4 «Pt wiUvtad
tor adore it; baft I wiU not oompUin of tha
■a of that blov, «ii a^oan^t df ^6? hi^^meas
titts bi Rsohed onto me from it; for if it
bdi Kfcre cffeet 19011 im, itoiiMpilt wm the
ttMtaktvj.
wIj:! 2ifi/(fem. ii^). Elegant, graoe-
hilleu^ agreeable, lovely, genteel, gal-
kt, iJonai aoft^ ge^tley benign* bonerol(^t»
BW; tUa, deader wiUi elegance.
uU Ai^d^, A jelly ; juice and sugar
ndvMd to a j^y . Skvev. <^US
1^^ fa^d)iii«A-«i0aM (San's.dLavar),
Rbe «M» floating ia (he ak.
^^1* H^oM, A fbrmal bea^ng witness
9p^ in CUM of adultery, coimled with
v-oeeatmi if tbe teetiiiiony be fSuae.
! b^i, Day, game. CXJi^^Uii
^;a!,Aadon(meof tho^d^ys wh^
keDOwkedaepeon^to play with the ball,
^iiofhter ofthe w^eer eat at tiie lattiee-
vadbT to amaaa heiaelf by looking at thm.
^ \H Ooa game. A pnppet*
^ ^^ Lodicroiu^ h^ong^ig^to play.
^^ /t^i#srd[«iX4 On aixsptmt of his
fittbcdwoce, ain, or rebellion.
J^ ^dla, Perhaps* ^Jxl b^o^ and
^ b^sfl^i, f efhaps I, iljXal
M^' Perhaps yon. c^y\ Jji!
^jj^y^f Perhaps I shall repent,
^ isj Lord may forgive me. JV&i
^ ^i-Jj !>*^ u;^ «-i-«C^j *^ tt)^^
'.-^ J^ jJL; uiliJi 5^< ^, And
^■Bid, Dnrw n^ir to hiu), an^. inyeetigate
r^' po'W* he irin diaoo^er it, and per-
/|^ tkcQ wilt team his hiftory.
lA hi, The garnet (a stone). Carmine
'colour). i^\i^ Jnt laJ mmdh
lfci^g«et),Wu».
L^ '^t^t* P«Bl)ammoaSy timid.
^jsi la^n, Gardng. To cnrse. Driving
away (from aaylUng good).
i:ji la^mU or ^luii^ An imprecation,
eune, anaftbeipa. i^ allt hui la^nat-
irfM iflh^hh <tt iji^\ flpt Hay the
oiwaa of God be uma him (an imprecation
generally a4de4 to tne djOTil, or any worthleaa
man). Zu^nat, Execrable.
^j^ la^n. Detested, ezeorabls^ abomin-
ajble^ anathevntMpe^ eanommimmM.
^^\ Satan.
CI9U) Iw^hdt (pi. of U), Languages,
idicws.
akI 20^^^ (pi. C^US), The tongue, idiom,
speech, language, dialect A dictionary,, lexi-
con, Tooahulaiy. ii^\ Jla, Lexico-
laphy. \yU fc^jjt <^>J1 (Jl^ UU'
i^Ja^\ uJJl;^ jU^S\ ^^, The
knowledges on which the Arabians naed to
pride themselves, aie the plulolo^ <^ their
own lang[Qage and the inTestigAtion of the
laws of its oonstniotion. togetner witib ^e
composition of poetry and of orations.
Jal lugha%f laghag, htgkt^ Au enigma;
anyt^g occnlt, ambignons, or mysterions,
dimcolt to be nndentood; any speech liable
to nusi]it<Hrpiietatioii» or to give offenoSk
Ji loffhm, A military mine.
yi ta^h/Wt An i|ipaneiderate> speech ;
speakine thonghtlesaly and improperly, talk-
ing triflingly. Abolishing, su^presaing. To
abolish, sopprsas.
i^fi htghmoih SekmgiBg 1p language.
Literal, etymological (sense of a word),
•jd\i^ laghwiyat, Inconsideitate words,
rash, tricing, without fomdation.
«liJ laff, Involvings twisting) folding,
complicating, joining.
kzM kfdi (pL of isi)^ Turbans.
J^^li! liftfat or <GUi Ufa/ah (pi. uJ^Ul),
Any kind of bandages wrapt round the" feet.
A wrapper, an outpde cover of a letter.
(^UI lafaffif(;pL of AiUI), Any wrapper.
i£r^ Uft, Tnmip.
^sJi Ufiiifatf A dish of turnips and meat.
loil U^, (or Xlafil), Pronunciation. A
word, a vocable, l^jeeting, throwing oi|^ (of
CJi
(818)
U
the montii). Pronovneing, artumlating. Wotds.
^jL^^a&, The pronunciation and sig-
nifloation. Uail lafian, Verbally. Ver-
batim. ^daiL iiaii, ITord by word.
liaH ii\^\ id&fat lafUyeh, A verbal
relation or ooiutnietioii of noun with nonn in
a sentence, i^''^} ^ ^^^» A word
reiembling another in sonnd and sense.
J^aJ, EnnnciatiYe, pronounced. ^^
^lacj^^l^jj. Who was dosing ca-
dences with gorgeous phrases, and strikinff all
ears with the wamings and rebnkings of his
sermon.
^Jil hfkf Sewing two things together.
ikjlJi laflfi A crowd, a mixed mnltitode
or cong|Tegation. Mixed grain. A friend, a
oompamon. The donble imperfect Arabic
verb. \aJ^ laftfanf Assembled from
ererj trihe.
\SS laidf Meeting, being opposite, occur-
ring, opposing, enoonntering (in battle) ; idl-
ing or hitting npon. Seeing.
LU] lakdi. Stalks of com left uncut by
the reapen.
i^ lakab (pi. lJ^\), a title of
honovr, a somame, an addition ; a nickname.
Jjil laiadm Already.
Li! laU, Gathering anything firom the
gronnd. [ground.
^LLil Idkaiat, One thing picked from the
mA lakam, Quickly eating or swallowing
(anything). i^H (pi: Ji), A mouth-
fii],amoneL
^Ufll Luhndn, The name of a famous
fidwdist (supposed by some to be JEsop). The
country and a^ of tiiis fiunons person are un-
known. He 18 generally descrioed as an Ujg:ly
black daTe, andis said to bare liyedin the time
of David ; though some assert that he was the
son of a sister, or of a maternal aunt, of Job.
The wisdom of Lukman is proTerbial among
the Arabs, as well as Jooeph's beautr, Dand*s
sweet Toioe, and JaooVs grief for tne loss of
Joseph, etc
kjS lakit. Collected, assembled (pi. Ua^),
A foundling boy.
hky To thee, vl^ Jli ^^ mtm
ist UK Who told tiiee P
J3 lahm, To you. t jJh J3 J^^
Who sent this book to youP
^ lakm, But, nevertheless, still. ^
Jijj\ ^JQ J[2^ ^indi warai laUn asri
I have paper, but it is blue. k^L^
I wrote a letter. But I hsTc no gum lac thai
may seal it. Jil l^\ \j <jUj1 ^ Jl
♦ ^r.fll J^y ^^\ ^^j, And his «
replied, 0 my &ther, thou art certainly ri^
in what thou hast said; but thou hast lei
up instead of unrayelling the matter : expli
then whereby I may gB£ber a vintage |
gain}, and whence the raired supply may ,
obtained.
ii^ hbktif Impediment. ^LmU^ i^
Inkna-tul-iiuSmf Impediment of speech.
^ la^an^ Az^y basin or Tessel in wbu
the hands, feet, or body are washed.
^ lOay (or J ^), That, so that,
order to. z\ji\ ^ Cls^ ^^^J^\
bought a book in order to read it.
UJ3 laiaymd, See ^Sl Jakay.
J) UZ«*^ For Ood. jj»ll iO), Fort]
great, for the loye of God. Juks)^ i
^^fj. To Ood be praise and glory.
ij:^^ UlwM, Suddenly, extempore.
J lam^ Not. When prefixed to t
' future, it gives it the preterite aigmfioation, u
Bometimee the present ; a8^^.a:j J^ 1
did not assbt j1J\ .^X^jlsT
n
There is not a created thing resembling it
eartii.
J faffim, Assembling, collecting wl
' had been dispersed.
U) lima, Why ? For that which (con
of U and J). Ul lammd, After tb
when. i^Jj ^j^ JUl 'jy-aa-^ '^
(^J ^X^^xf^ (^ ^^^^\ And when
thef had l>ioiight the wealth before me, I said
to tiieni, Om ye deUyer me by means of all
these riches, and purchase for me therewith
hid
one day daring which I may remain aliVe F
Bat they oonld not do so I
oUl lammdt (pL of il«!), Cblleotions.
t JUI lamdMd (comp. of J, U, and 1 J),
For what reason? why? IjU!
^jf^\ 1 JJb {jl^aQ lamdnd lakamt luad
m
MM&i, Why did yoa giye a box (strike) to
this boy.
^US lammd^t A desert where the
( 319 ) J^
A Mremmeat (of a small district^ town or
casfle).
J\^\ aUawati (pi. of j:\\), Who.
J>*\j) law^hik (pi. of ^^1 or fern.
J^A^-)), Dependencies, appartenances,
relatiTes ; followers, clients, domestics.
Aj\^ law&%im, CL>U;fj) (pi. of /^Jl or
▼apoor c^]^ glitters. The shining
of the skin.
4«l kmat (pi. CL^U!), A body of men
from three to ten. Collections.
4^ lamdk and ^l^y Looking at alyly,
griaacing the eye at any object
Is^ lamhat (pi. c:.>W^), A glanoe with
the eye, a wink. A glance ; a twinkling of
the eye, an instant.
\j»t^ kmtf The toaoh, handling, feeling.
^ km^ and ^I^mJ, Shining, glitter-
ing, twinkling, flashing, glaring. Splendonr,
hnmancy.
^ laman (comp. J and ^), To him
or them who. To whom, whose. ^^^
vuLiJt \jJb laman lumdl set/. To whom
belongs tfaia sword P Whose sword is this P
^yii cL-^gj hayt UmuaUifihi, A verse of
the author (t.^., such as the reader can perceive
ii not borrowed, but the composition of the
aatfaor).
^ ^ ( A partide preceding the fhtore),
no, never, not at all. ^r^ ^ ^'^
y«ln^ He will not strike.
j) law. If, but if. jl^ Although, not-
withstanding. Sjl, Did (I) not. H^,
Unless. yJ^^f Although he surren-
dered or submitted.
\^ lawd, The twisting or coiling of a
seiDent. The winding (of a river, etc.)f a
▼alley, a channeL A tnust, a district Xit^a,
Twisting, bending, coiling, winding.
9 iMOiodf Name of a bird.
y Uwd, A standard, flag, banner, colours.
fem. ^Ji), Necessary things, requi-
sites, pertinents.
tijl launcdtf Frspostene veneri addiotus.
^U liwdtat, PrsBpostene veneris usus.
-^y lawd^j (pi. of ^J or is^l). The
aidonrs (of lovers).
u.^1jl lawdUb (pi. of u^^y A screw).
m\^ launodm (fem. ^\^ law w& mah),
Heproachingp upbraiding. ^\jS ^jtJo
naft latptpSmah, The flesh, the carnal spirit in
the middle stage between ntter rebeUion and
complete subjection, when it is forced to sub-
mit to the will, but not without an effort to
domineer.
w«1j) lawdmt^ (pi. of Sju^i and ^^),
lights, rays.
^fj! lawdyxh (pi .^a^S), Manifest things.
Written reports, projects,
Jtjl lawdyimj Slanders, accusations, re-
proaches; fhults.
^^ luhiydf French bean.
i^^ lawa$, Dirt, filth, contamination,
defilement, impurity.
.jS lawh (pi. ^^^)f A table, plank, or
any thing flat, of wood, bone, etc., espe-
cially on which any thing is inscribed.
)ffyi^\ ^^\ aOawhul mahfUa (The
Ereserred tablet), The tablet on which God
as inscribed the decrees of His proridence,
the tablet of God*s omniscience and prescience.
iL>.jS lawhat, One table.
^jy law%^f Eloquent, ingenious.
jjS btrs. The almond, ij^. One almond.
* lJ^^ ^^^' -^^^ people of Lot ; the people
' of Sodom, pxttpostersB veneri addictus.
iaji law^t, Inflaming (with love).
Afflicting. Being indisposed either from dinase
(Mr fear. Kack round the nipples.
i^ lawld, Unless. See j! law,
Vi^^jl lawiaby A screw, a vice. The
ci
(830)
^
spout of an alanine. Any tnbe or caaal
through ^hich water flows. iftJJy
BeloBging to or zesemblins; a aoraw ov yumi^
jl^ ja/« (noiiii ot iwtj if^j)), A pearl.
TUe g;reaAwt pearl fiahery in ibA wotld is in
BahajreizL ^jijsas^t 07 Aval lalaiids,
which oonsiat of a eroup of one lai^ge and
BejenX smaller iBhmds, in the Persian Oulf,
snl!)«ct to the Imsm of M nacat» in a b^j niiar
the Arabian shore. Bahrein, the largest island,
is abont twenty-flve miles in length, N. to S.,
by six or seven vide^ and eigoty or ninety
in circnit. The population of. the whole gronp
IS abont 60,000. The pearl flihery eeiplors,
diring the season, 80,000 mfm,, and yields
pearls of thevalne of from £300,000 to £360,000
yearly. Most of the fishery boats belong to ner-
ehanta possessing considerable capital, bat the
largest proprietor in them is the Sheikh himself,
wlw has upwards of 2,000 boats,, each aiann^
during the season, with eight or ten men ; he
imposes also a small tax on wmj other boat.
The fishing season is from the beginning of
June till October. The diving is conducted
. pcettY much in the same mimner as in Ceylon ;
W tne divecs attach their oyster-neta to their
waists, and are in the habit of stuffing, thjsir
ears and nose- with bora or other substances :
they can remain undec water nearly two
minutes at a time. They are. often m l^e
most abject circumstances, and generally in
debt to the merchants^ who obtain the pearls
at their own price^ Bahrein has a oonsider-
able traffic, and might be made tha centre of
aU the commerce on tiiis part of the Arabian
coast The principal ezporta are pearls to
India, Persia, Arabia, Bapsorah» and Syria;
dry dates, tortoise-shell, canyas, and sharks'
fins to India; and 4ate8, oaavas^ mats* and
coloured cloths to the oUier countries. The
chief imports are rice from Bengal and Bansa-
lore ; su^». popper» blue ancf while dofts^
planks, iron ana othei: metals, cinnamon,
camphor, drugs, and indigo from India;
coffee, dried miits, and grain from Bassorah,
Persia, and Muscat It was, the trade of this
eountiT, and the gold of Ophit (which cannot
be far from here), which induced Solomon and
tiie PhceniciaBs to take Palmm, to fortify it,
and to establish a fleet on toe banks of the
Euphrates, just where are ipw the immense
mins of the Jaber Castle, jly*^^ lJ^3
\^^^J\, And on the couob there was
a young lady resembling the shining son.
Eyes had not beheld one more beautiftil.
Upon her was a garment of brilliant pearls.
v^j)y, Belonging to pearlfl*
djy lu'tm^ Being ignoble* inglonoos^
mean, sordid, anuiciDus. CoTetausness, vil-
lany, rice. Zawm, Blame, r^rehenaiDg,
accusing.
^jl lawn. The eolonr, or external form.
A speoiesy a genua. ^j^^js^» Many
coloured, variegated; deeply tinged.
^yit J^i Btseolonred, of a bad or
ir^oJjI Zdndrai^ London.
^ ZaK Poland.
4! lahu (fern. l^)» Hi% to (pxm, or of)
him.
aI^ hASm, A nnmenros anny (aademoux-
ing or destroying all opposition),
c^ lahh, Burning with thiiiat or with
fills. Flane (especially without smoke).
£sr kify'at,Tb% toBgne. A langnage^diom.
The Uma, ooontenaaoe^ vkagow ^^uJ
As^l, Eloquent.
J^ b^ti, Oppressing, OTorloeding, afflict-
ing; wearing out cattle by over- working ;
beating, thnutiog, pushing ; striking on the
backer bReaat in oonbem^ Eatings ISckang,
with the tongue. Any kmd of fissure iathe
fbet, etc«, off men or animals. A tumour
under the shouldec-blades oi beasts of burden.
A graye, also an indolent, or sedentary num.
\^ litham^ Because of, therefore. On
this aiQooant, for this reason. y<^^
^j^ ^r^ v/tSl Jj'^. ^^ < V. He
is rery rich, and on this account he can build
many houses.
»\sJi^ [l yd hhfatak, Alas! I do wish!
^Jlc _a^ \j yd lahafl ^alay$if Alas !
Hbw I do sigh after him ; I do long to see
him,! i\LS b yd auafah, Alaa ! I do
regret ! ^ulx ^Jt^\ b yd auafl colayiht
Alas ! I do regret and deplore him ! (he who
ia no more).
^ hMff, Flaying, amusing one's self,
passing the time a^eably, unbending the
mind. Play, anythmg ludicrous or jocular ;
whatever diverte the uioughts from anything-
serious (e^>ecially women, children^ etc)*
W^j J^l ^ ^\^J\ «.-«^< oJ^
y*r
(821)
^V^tif And tbepaawDgen were
B^semldfld to eat and drinks and play and
mx\ but vliflc we were thu engaged, lol
a« Bate of tke fhip caDad oat nTSia knideat
TOIiX.
f ^i, Ardoar, inflaminatioii, heat,
tbe pMBiog of love. Bonung, flaming (firo).
Bame without smoke, j Jj «^,«i«.} Uli
>'u--^ l^i ^^, Now whenBedr
^flar vocdi, and imdentood what they
wfrHB fint to kMk, and the deacriptioa of
f 7^ ^ mentioned by his nnde, he
f^BBt tBimoiired of her by tbe ear; but
J'^aded to them that he was asleep. A
"Sac of fire was kindled in his heart on her
KEMBt
Ife not send anything to me. A i
^wv1«, I hare a brother and two
■*«. lot-Jj vi^ Ci2, Thou hast
1 M<K md garden.
^J %4H Dignity, decorum, worth,
*it, 431, exoellenee. Propriety, fitness.
fiihim (pL of ^), Mean, sordid,
t"^ ^a»> S<rftDea, gentlaneBs, lenity,
u'^''"' oooTenienoe, ease, oonfort.
se.jriii^pbeidly,eompassionately, humanely.
^ ^(^ (ot c:-JU ), Would to God !
Iwiih. ^^, Would to heaven that I.
•^^i I wish that you- ^J ^JS--;-!
J^'U lU, O that I had wealth, that
^Q?tob«owitinalni«,
^ ^1, A lion. A lioness. 9Ai
Lif.^ to say to him, 0 Hon of the
?*• 0 Uon of the plain! O bold lion!
JJJJwof the children! O saltan of the
l^^»i,]Srot; is not. jO\ ^ ^
">^» There is nobody at home but
85- Jj\^\J ^^ It is not as I wish.
ft/ and ikJ, Fibres, filaments,
especially of pain-trees.
Jul Jayl or iU (pi. of ^U laydll),
Night. jlfJl^ JJjl, Night and day.
iCl laylan. In the night time. ^JJ
jOiit, The night of power. 4J Ja£ ^^
J-U' J^*^ J J^ APry^f He .could
not rest nor be patient, aad he oeosed not to
suffer agitation of mind and transport, until
tbe night eame!
^JJ Zaifla*, Name of A lady frequently
aUuded to in the East
^y^ /imfl», A lemon, a citron.
^J^ lofn (fem. JuJ), Soft, gentle, mild ;
placid, smooth, hnmane.
j^y ftifJn (see ^^j^)^ A royal tent.
CjjJ IwfiU (pi. of (J^ /ay«), Lionesses.
A^, Tile, abject, mean, base, worthless,
in^orions, ignoble, sordid, aTaricions, cowardly.
I* mfm, The twenty-fourth letter of the
Arabic alphabet In arithmetic it denotes 40 ;
in almanacs it is the character for Sunday ;
and in the dates of letters it stands for the
month &j^^ Muharrem.
U m&y Which, what, that which, what-
soever, t-^' ^r^ ^» Whatever
thou lidest, I will ride, Why, whecefore.
No, not How ! U i^\j ^^, Let
there be soma (or a given) circle.
t-^ckr ^ U^ ^jk^j ^\, Indeed Zeid
is an excellent writer. \ji ^j*m^\ U,
How excellent is Omar. ^jVn r*^ U,
As far as I can. L»> c:..v«jU, As
long as I Uyo. This particle is frequently
added to others, without making any sensible
difference of sense \, as Ul, If, but if.
21
vij'U
(822)
jU
\aj\ (for f^\), Becaase, oertainly ; al-
though. Ul lil (for \o\), When. U^,
As, as if, like, according to. \aJQ,
In order to. Um^, That, in order to.
Ui^, How? U^, As often as.
Wherefore. UK, As often as. What-
soever, ^^\^ yX^9 According as it
was. (J^j^ U, What rapidity ! U
i\jbj\, How glorious !
U md, Water, joice, sap, hamonr, liqaor,
ifLs^VU, The water of life or immor-
tality. JyMjill'U, Water and honey,
metheglin. i^j^'^p Flowing or
running water. tV«l>-'U, Stagnant
waters. ^U'U, Pdre water. JL«*U,
Bain water. j!aL«*t«, Distilled water.
^J'U , A fountain, a spring. *{;^^
or JjjIVU, Bose water. ^jjiduJVU,
Barley water. l« ^^jj^, An aqueduct.
(JLU md bdJtl, The remainder, the rest ;
that which lenudna.
^l^i! ^U, That in which there is joy;
gladnen, rcgoioing.
i«j U maabl (fern. ^I^)* Abominable,
detestable, loathed. Pestiferous. (j^L«t
^ U, Pestilential disorders.
^^U mdhayn, An interyal, interstice,
space between two bodies, both sides. Be-
tween, among. ^^\AJb ^\^ mdheyni-
huma^unf The Sultan's oxdinary reception-
rooms or palace.
^tXAjU md tahaddam^ The past, anti-
quity. The words or time preceding.
w U madtam, A misfortune, an assembly
' of female mourners, beating their breasts,
tearing their hair, face, or garments, and
making a melancholy noise, on account of any
misfortune, as the death of a friend. It also,
sometimes, implies a promiscuous meetinr of
men or women on any festiye occasion. Con-
dolence, consolation.
aJU mdtam, Mourning.
j'Lt maasar. Signs, memorials, illns-
trious actions. Histories, traditions.
^te madsamf Sinning. Iniquity.
jy'U maoHLr, A history, saying, tradi-
tion. Traditionally related or spoken of.
iX>-U mdjtdf (A man) conspicuous for
honour, nobility, or glory, (--fijy^
«x>-L«, Most glorious, honoured, noble.
I^tt mdjard or g^U mdjara\ An
accident, erent, any tldng past That which
happened. ^Ji,^\^ l^ ^.s-?^j
^j:u^, And I related to her my story
firom beginning to end. She was griered at
my case, and wept, and said, I also will ac-
quaint tiliee with my story.
-p.^U Mdjajf Magng, the son of Ja*
-phet. That part of Eastern Tartary bordering
on China. See<.«>-b.
• ••
jf^'U ma^jUr, Bewarded, recompensed;
ha?ing a recompense attached to it.
^j^U mdehfn, Some indefinite part of
China. ..f*>^t«9 (.•*»> ehin-thmdchln,
China in general. [place.
Jmoo^U md'hassal. That which took
U mdhadar, Whaterer is ready or
prepared in haste (as Tictoals, etc).
U mdhi, Obliterating, defacing. One
^who erases or defaces.
mm
^l jU^U md ihalaV aOah, That which
Ood has created, t.«. all the world, all sorts of
men or animals.
J^'U ma'ihM (pL J^ U ma'akhit), A
place fh)m which anything is taken or de-
rived. A source^ derivation, origin.
Ji^'U maakhUBf Beceived, taken, oc-
cupied, held (as an opinion).
LS^U mdkhClld, Melancholy.
i%! jU» mdddm, During, whilst, so long
as, until that Shirting.
if jL« mdddat, An article, point, subject,
matter, argument. [miast.
-.jUi mddih, part. Pnosiug; an enco-
^^jU mdddf. Material. ^•3U Ha, A
material cause.
(328)
^U
^ JU mayrit^ A Pttriaa herb
^ or m ftet ]ii^h, bening sraen beniet like
oEpeiy iriuefa, bang picwitod in Tinegar, are
OttOnt fcr the dropay.
L J'U MMHM^, A tower bdongiiig to
inoBqiiffiPDa nub the crier prodnnui the
j^A% maSm, Jjosnaed, pennitted,
ilb«d HniBg leave, httfing permiinoD.
;U adr, i nmt. L»-j£ jte mdf yft-
SiiBlGeoi^siidtheDrwoii. It is the name
<^ti»pltceivbere Samt (Mfge destrored tite
pofi^ TUi plaee is ntuted abont an
wi lide fron Beinit to flie east, before
■B^B^tt the bridge of the lirer of Beirut.
iaaUcbipd, eonunemontiTe of tiie erent,
tH ontid, nd oriffinallj dedieated to the
CIniia hero, bat itliaa amce been eooTerted
Bt»aooiqBe. (SeeXiidL)
h« aer, part. Paanng. WaUdng. Any
^ me peiBQiL ^W^^^y '^^
^noitioBed, the ahore ezplaiiied.
U;U Mfldrit, The time en place for
■7 mmaj banaeaB. A amaU place be-
gBBSaaa end Hadramnt in Arabia Felix,
nanforitonlt
^j^ MirM, Any thing neoessaiy to
^im. Neeenitjy indigenee; (whence the
fRTFffb) i^\ip^ilfy\^, Necessity is
MQportaixtjr, Ls. VtemAj has no Inw.
H;^ idf^ The Syro-Boman month of
™^ [rode, insolent, prond.
*^fH CoDtnmacioaSy stubborn,
^U Man^ (aoc. Marde), A city of
^ Tnivy, at the N. W. extremity of the
r^of Bigdad, fiftj miles SJB. of Diar-
*^ Popolation estimnted at 11,000, of
«k>BlJMinAniieiiiani»and200Jew8. It
>iSGiicdoothea]^of the Kazajadagh, or
■*« Xcnat Matins, and overlooks a very
^'^ss^ sad fertile tract of oomitry. It is
^
^^^«(d br a eastl^ erowoxng the summit
^^*if, lad is very difBcnlt of aeoeas, the
, -7 ^^ » -«J «MUM/1U» W4 »WV<«», WAV
•^nsd to it leading np a eteep about one
IJ^ 8 half in length. The houses are
^«« of bewQ stone, and appear to be Tcry
^; t&e viadows are small, grated with iron ;
**«»Mrn)w; and the buildings, being
? •^'jj, leem to rise one on tiie top of
S«?* ^ '^l^ ■" kept in fateable re-
^'^lUiw old pieces of cannon are mounted
2 ^ toven of the castle. Mardin is the
^^ town of the peshaUe towards Constan-
,-^\ Md the lendence of a goTemor ap-
^"^ by tile FmIui. The industry of the
inhabitants is confined to the mannfiictnre of
cotton Mrics and Turkey leather ; but it haa
little external trade, in consequence of not
being on any of the great carayan roitea.
The neighbourhood nroduoes an abundance of
cotton, grain, and frnits, which find a ready
sale in &e market of Mardin.
^\s^jL$ mOritidny An hospital or in-
finnaiy, a madhooae.
ifj\^ mdrrah (for ijite fern, of jte). Pas-
senger; thing pasring away.
^^L« md$ ioT (^LiJl^ A diamond.
^j\ C^Jy ^^\^\ il^O ^ c^--^^
ji^\ )j, And I walked in that valley;
and I beheld its ^und to be composed of
diamonds, with which ther perforate minerals
mid jewels, and with whien alio they perforate
porcelaui and the onyx; and it is a stone so
nard that neither iron nor rook have any effect
upoA it.
(^te Mdi (fern. LaUs), Tonching, con-
tiguous.
j;«Mite mdtabakf That which precedes;
anything past, aaid, or done.
uX<»t« mdtik, part, fielding, retentire.
^uCdte rndtUsfohf Betentiveness, reten-
tion, [mentioned or performed
(.jLfU m&uUaf, The past, the before-
j^'U ina^tUr, Captiye, taken captive.
^U mdsh, Pease, pnlse.
k^t« mdthit and aJx&U, A tire- woman,
comber or dresser (of a bride, etc.).
^^U m&shl. Going, walking, travelling.
JLlts mdihiifa^, Qoadrapeds, sheep,
oxeo, camels, etc.
^iWU mdiodaky That which is true,
anything demonstrated or verified.
<Ujt« mddiffhatf The jaw, that part
whence the teeth grow. Two yeins in the jaw.
^^t« mddi, part. Passing away, past.
_«^Ully The past, time past. ic-^Ult
^jjU, Of the past nothing is men-
tioned. JuIUl jUSf^ JLjUI ^i\,
The ancients, the people of former timet.
viru
(324)
JU
^^itfUll JjuSli The preterite tense.
Jjj*
•• • I *
ij> W-*!^ cji
J^lj ^^^USl y Child of Adam, let not
hope make a dupe of tbee : from all that thr
bands hare treasured, thou shalt be remoTed.
I aee thee desiroiis of the world and its em-
beUishmentfl; and the past genetationa hare
(in Taiu) pursued the same course.
jLl* matir, part. Baining.
Md ^addy. Except myself. U\tXc U
fud ^a^toftd, Besides ourselves. \:dMiS^
L^i^yl Ij,^ L« \xm:^f jaml^nd katabnd
tfia f^ada yusuf^ The whole of us hare written
except Joseph. [hogany.
^^U mdghikn (used in Arabic), Ma-
vJLtIj U ma fati That T( hich is past.
^yL« md/uk, Beyond, above; that which
is above, vjj JJ J^^ J**' Vi>b*^^ f^»
Can I do what is beyond my power ?
JUl ^ U mdfVlhdl (^»^1 ^ ^ or
S\^\ ^yU), That which is in the
mind, intention, thought, design, reflection.
j^ll (juMbiJ ^ L«, That which is in the
thing itself, i,e, the essence, substance, founda-
tion, principle.
iJ^ U md kihal, That which precedes,
the antecedent, the former part.
^l^ U md kdn. That which is, was, or
has been.
^t« mdkir, A deceiver, a cheat. \^\ U
C^Ux \jj^ ^Laij, 0 ignorant, de-
ceitful, artAil, guileful, and treacherous, hope
not for deliverance ; for this is the recompense
of thy base conduct, and a punishment for thy
abominable actions and doings.
J^U madkal, Victuals, viands. J^Ull
L^j\JLAi\%, Meat and drink.
<L!j^U madkaht, Aliment, food, any kind
<^ nourishment.
vj
J/'U maakal (pL C^J/*U), Eatej
deyoored. Food, vidnala, Tiands.
lU^'U maakal^foh, The general co^
snmptionof anyeatablearticle. Uf\
sumption of bread is greater than tlut
cheese. ^^\^\iJ^'\^^\
cJ^t, The g^ieral eonsnmptioD
meat in winter is greater than in tmm
People eat less meat in the summer tban
the winter time.
JU modi. The substance or tendenj
of the words. ^ U U^« JS^ \^
uJjall^, We have received your letie
and have taken note of its land oonteati.
JU mdl (pi. J\^l), Riches, moue
wealth, poflseoions, goods, effects, tstsi
Ls-^U JU^ jtU JU, Goods moj
able and immovable ; also an estate ssm
or inanimate (as slavea, flocks, berd»« v
money, landsi or houses), i^jt^^ J^
The royal revenue or domains. ^^^
JUII, A treasury. <^^«) J^» T«:
poral goods. J.^1j lP^ ^ ^
my wealth faileih, no friend assisteth at- \
wnen it aboundeth, all men are my frio
How many enemies for the sake of wea
have consorted with me ! And my coopsci'
in the time of want, hath abandoned me !
duLe^KSUmdfoibtem ^0/4^1%, Az:
thing against which there is no^? to
said ; against which tiiere is no objectioo.
^ iA^ )) U md ^ mhdyat lahu, Infici
^V^l'^ fndldff^l, That which d^
not concern a person. U^ Ji^; ^
^M^j i U «..<«mJ 4iJju 1, He V
Speaks about what does not ooncem hio* ^1
hear what does not please him.
JU mdlih, Salsuginous (plant). ^|
(water). Salted (fish, etc.).
U^U mdliehdlifd, Melancholy.
I»p U md tatWy That whiohisneoessa
JU
(325)
i.)U
ly U MaUdn Malta is an iala&d of the
Meditemoean, nearW op^oiite to the S. angle
of Sicily, from whicn it u distant about sixty
milefl. ixt. Seventeen mil.es long, irith a
breadth of eight at its widest part. Ar«a,
ninetj-eight square miles. Ikte, Its coast
is in general steep and ragged, and well forti-
fied tnrongbout. The two small ialands of
GoBO and Comino are sepanted from it only
b^ a naiTow channel. Erery spot is ddtiTated
with the greatest care, and the soil, when
defieient, is supplied in diip-loadafrom Sicily ;
hence, it may be considered as wholly artificiaL
CUmaU, Healthy, and resembling Anrica rather
than liiffope. rxoti and snow are unknown,
and ice is largely im^rted from Sicily. iVo.
Moat of the productions, both of Europe and
the tropical climates, which have been tried
here, have succeeded. Indigo and saffiron are
cultiTated, and also cotton, which has been
exported to a ^peat extent The honey of
Malta is in high repute. Manf, Goaree
cottons, jewelry, and cabinet-work. Tlop,
including Gozo and Comino, about 1 30,000.
Zai. of Cape Taletta, on the N. side, Z&* 63'
8* K. Lon. le 31' 2" E.— Malta was pos-
sessed by the Carthaginians, Bomans, and
afterwaros by the Saracens, who were driyen
from it by the Normans. They retained it
till its occupation in the 16th century, by the
knights of St. John of Jerusalem, who forti-
fied it, and participated in all the attacks made
upon the Turks by the Christian powers, both
by aea and on the coast of Africa. In 1665
it was besieged by the Turks: after losing
four months in reiterated attacks, and sacri-
ficing a great part of their army, they were
obli^d to re-embark, and, from that time,
they forebore from all further attempts on the
island. In 1798 it surrendered to Bonaparte,
and receiyed a French gurison. Being after-
wards blockaded by a Britiah squadron, it was
forced to surrender, through famine, in 1800 ;
and by the Treaty of ^ois, in 1814, was
confirmed to Britain. In no fortress in Europe
are the defences more imposing. Its sdmin-
tstrstion oonsLsts of a goyemor and a council
of six persons, appoints by the British crown.
uil*t« madlif, A place vhioh one fre-
quents.
jSU mShk, A flatterer.
ij^\^ Mdldka, or ISLt^ ma^alaka, An
ancient town in PhoBnida, near Beirut, in
Mount Lebanon. The FhoBnicians of Malaka
founded as their colony the town of Malaga,
of Spain, the capital of the proyince of the
same name. The meaning of Malaka, in the
FhcBuidan language, is a town built on the
decliyity of a mountain gradually descending
towards the plain or the sea, as is the case
with this town. [proprietor.
ulj3t« mdlik, A poBseasor, lord, master,
^lC]t« mdlikdnah, Possessing, in sole
property, with despotic power. Pertaining to
a possessor ; pertaining to a king. A manor,
of which the tithes are j^aid to the lord, but
of which the arable land is owned by separate
proprieton.
^l^tt uJj»aj, Complete possession, ab-
solute dominion. [Patronage.
^uCt* tndliklyai, Possession, property.
uJ^'U maalilf, Familiar, accustomed to
liye in friendship with, ordinary, customary.
AjI'U mao/flm. Sad, moumfol, afflicted.
^U fndll (fem. ^U), Belonging to
riches, wealthy.
JLIte tnHliyai, The finances, the treasury.
the exoheqaer. <UU!1 ^^, The
secretary or comptroller of the treasury.
i^-^ t« md mada\ That which is past,
" ^^^d/% U ^e^i That which is past is
past ; let us not think or speak of the past.
CS^\^fn&fiialakf All that one possesses,
^'ts maaman, A place of security.
ji^*U maamur^ Ordered, commanded.
Any one to whom authority or orders are
delegated ; a commissary, a plenipotentiary.
ijjy^\^ maamULrlyaty Any employ, office,
or commission under Goyemment.
J^-*L« maamul, Hoped for, what is
expected. <L)y«*t« ma-muliydh. Ex-
pectation, hope.
y^y'^ moamtlfi. Rendered secure, pre*
seryed; freed from, exempted. Firm, con-
stant A person in whom confidence is placed,
to whom one trusts, ^y*^^ ^
maamun, The great Almamon, son of Haron
Arrashid, and the fourth Ehalif of the bouse
of Abbas. He reigned from a.d. 813 to 883.
He was a great encourager of learned men,
founded an academy at £igdad, calculated a
•et of astronomical tables, and caused the
works of the most celebrated ancient authors
to be translated into Arabic.
^y%\^ mdmUniff'ah, A sweetmeat which
has the appearance of the English apple-
sauce ; it is composed of sugar, the best flour,
and butter.
li^b^vU mdmltd, The herb me.
^'U nuumat, The lower belly, the
abdomen; hypochondria; the nayel or that
part of the Milly surrounding it. Fat adher«
ug to the interior part of the leg.
^U mdna^ (pL ^\y), An impedi-
ment, obstacle, opposition, hindrance. Belhs-
(826)
iuft denying, prohibiting. Ifowi^, A pro-
hibitory eto. Difficult of acceos, reserred (man).
i^y«*U tnaaniU, A companion, associatey
ftiend, domeetic Familiar, intimate.
tj*U maatod (i/^*^)9 A mansiony dwell-
ing, habitation.
tjfjU mdward, That which is behind or
after. j^\ f^^U Ifdwaran'n'nahr, That
whieh ia bejond the rirer (Oxos), t.#., Trana-
oxiana, Khoraasan. [pened.
^^U mdwaka^j That which has hap-
v^j'U maawa\ A mansion.
i^^U mdwl (fem. ^^U)i Any copy of
yerses, of whichevery distich ends intt.
yb\^ mdhir, Acate, ingenioas, sagacious.
conning. Well vened in any scienoe. A master
of any art. [which is.
ybl^ md huwa, What is that? That
^Uf mdhiyat, Quality, essence, value.
4^U mdy, Watery, aquatic
uujU mdyt, Dying, dead.
<0'U miaift, A hundred (see ^}. JU5
And he said to her, I know not ene more of
the daogbtera of the Kings of the Sea; I
haye enumerated to thee more than a hondred
damsels, and yet not one of them pleases thee.
^2j«2jU mfyatln (dual of djt« mia), Two
hundred.
4JI2CU U md fotakaUalf Whatever is
dianWable by liqnefiietion or concoction.
^U mdyihf One who goes down into a
well in search of water.
S Jjte mdyidat or mdydaky A table, espe-
cially covered with victuals. \^\
if jjU!\ ^Jlc aighadd ^aU al md'tdah^
The dinner is on the table. [of Hay.
^^tt mdyii, The Syro-Boman month
^t«mayt^, Melted, fluid. Liquor. ijul«
Jf afflict. Oil of cinnamon or mynh.
Jj'te Mdtl, Inclined, bent, curved.
Taking delight in, affectionate.
dJjU mdHat, (A woman) waving gm
ftdly ivhen walking.
^^'U tnaofSLi, Desperate, hopelesi
Ju^ muhdh (pi. c:^\>-L«), Any ia
ferent action, whatever a penoa may do «
alone; being attended neither with pni»(
hhime. Lawful pleaanre, festinty. '
Li>cwU^ mubdMi, A disputant, disp^
ing. it^\^ mubdhoioi or mahdhMi
A dispute, contest, wager.
i\t}\^muhdddt^ Manifesting, displayii
(enmity) towards any penon.
^jL^ mubddir,Who makes haste. S;jl
Haste, expedition. Making haste. Sett
about (any work), beginning.
Jl]jL« mubddakU, Exchange, barter.
4^ jL^ mahdii, B^nnings, origins.
JjL« mabdri* (pL of j^ or of Jj^L
Batties; fields of bafttie. JfiiiSric A nnii
a combatant, a braTc soldier, a hero. Ft
pared for war. ijj^ mubdnoMi, ^i
battie, combat
vl^L* m^ihdrak, Happy, fortunal
august; blessed, sacred. iLij\
LZ 'X^t'i t« muhdrak md fo^aUj I wi
you joy! (jm^Jl^I O^aj— j\ LaJ
JU- \1J\ l|j^£), And after he h
been seated a while, the King said to bi
Blessed be thy arrival ! Thou hast made
desolate by thy absence, O beloved of )
heart: what is thy bunneai. that we may p
form it for thee immediately P
i. ;L« nmbdwratf War, battle.
jJ^ L« mmbdMr, A superintendent, sup
▼iaor, inq^tor, commiwary, prooarator,fkp(
fiustor, agent, plenipotentiaiy.
ij^\^ mubdtharat, A beginning. Sup
intendency, prefecture, agency, investitore v
fnllpowen.
ZyuWL^ muhdiathai, Seising by for
Fighting in close combat.
SacL^ mubdcodai, 3eparation, distan
removal, departing one from another.
iflLt nmbdldtf Consideration, attend*
HLjiW i\jf Inattention, oarelessm
(327)
^1^^, Pear not nor griere
k ftj mi; for I loTe my child more thin
1ho«,8od mj child k with mj hroiher ; there-
in on sot for the lefty nor fear hii hemg
^'^ §Migh (pL of ^L««}f Sums of
^u« wddkgkgiy Exaggeration, hyper-
hile. Aaphieitioii, eieeai, ffaperftbaiiduioe.
SqperidTe. EndeaTour, diUgenee.
^rL«M^I>£difioeBy&bric8,Btractarefl.
:k\
i^i^ miAdhdi, YaingloTjy pride, arro-
fUR. Oi^otin^ for superiority in beanty
e Bj ober qaahfication.
^jLt muhdharid, Boasting, glorying.
<^U mMhdhalaiy Execration.
JtLi mibdhi, Glorious, exalted. Pre-
""■iag, anoganf, proud.
<«U mubdjfa^t, Commerce^ traffic,
bide. Xakii^ a contract of purchase or sale.
^^i^b&ig ha£f prominng obedience.
(^i*«m(idyffi, Separate, distinct, un-
Sb,diffierait.
^.U mt^yanai. Separation, becoming
^^ Kpnated in distance, qnality, or affec-
tan.
^ mibtaid, A thing begun. The
^niiig, prineiple, or subject of a propod-
tk)Q. A substantive noun. Ijcu^f
/^^, The subject and predicate, or
'^niin lod a^eedTe (in Syntax).
j^ miAUdir, part. Bushing to seize
^T^; flying to anna. OTcrwhelming.
l^mnitadi^ An inventor, innovator,
*^' MuUadaf^^ A new invention.
S^mMs^, Beginner; a novice.
J^ mhtma, Little esteemed.
r^wiWsiAtr, A receiver of good news.
^ ««&%Ad, Desired ; the thing de-
Jr* ^Ota, Moist, watered.
•r* «*«a. Afflicted, nnifortunate, tried
or innred to Stress. Demanding on oatb or
eonfession.
mubiali^ A glutton, a devouter.
'MubtMhi^ Absorbed, swallowed np.
^vr^^ mtihtaia. Founded, erected, built.
jFr^ mubiahij, Who exults, rejoices.
Usharah wyaraUmt fmibiahiian^ These tidings
made me jojfiil.
Jfu^ mtthtahil, Who supplicates. Who
groans (in prayer).
Ji^ muhi^'alt Much esteemed, vener-
able. Mubt^Uy Who roTeres, honours.
ci^<U mdbhas, A matter of discussion,
a section of any treatise, a paragraph, article.
muhakhkhar, Perfumed, vaporous.
mahkharat, A censer for burning
incense in. l^is^^ u:.-c^^t l|it J
iaJSu. c:^> CL^>^ W
Then she took forth from her shoulders two
pieces of kamari (aloes- wood), and took a bit
of tiiem, and, haymg lighted a fire in a per-
fuming Tessel, threw into it that bit; and she
made a loud whistle.
(JLJyss:^ mabkhntf Fortunate, happy.
^Ju^ mahdd (pi. i/i^V^ mabddl), The
beginning, original, origin, principle, head of
anythbg, the first rules or principles of arts
and sciences. c^^Uu^^ aJ.x (^jL^.^
mabadt ^Im ulhUab, The first rules, the
elementary rules of arithmetic
ft Ju^ mubdi^fA creator, author, inventor,
founder. A heretic, a leader of a new religion.
c Ju^ mahda^f An invention, discovery,
first production, fiction. c:.^Uju/t (pi.),
InnoTations(iD a bad sense),reyolutions,here8ies.
Jju^ muhadddl, Changed, altered, ex-
changed, converted, turned into.
4^Ju/s tmibdl, Who begins, does any
thing first An inventor. Who makes manifest.
jjbM« mubauirf Prodigal, expensive.
J^ j^ wuAval, Expended, bestowed. A
magnificent present.
\j^ mi^d, A penknife.
(328)
O,^ mahrad, A file, a polisher.
mubarrid, Befreshing, cooli
barrad, Cold, afflicted with cold.
jj'!^ mnbarrir, What jostifiea. Ifu-
htarrarf Justified. [theatre.
jj*^ fnahnatf A field of hattle, an amphi-
^j^ mubrem, Vrgenty which will not he
put off.
jjji^ mabritr, Pioos, religious. cl^U Jc^
^j^jT^ ihadam&t mabrarah, Good and
faithful Berrioes.
j^ji^ mabrUM, Produced, pablished.
^jf^ mubarhin, Demonstrative, authen-
tic
i^jf^ mabri. Cut, chipped, hewn,
A^M»ikm^f9 mtbadm^ Who smiles much,
Bimpera.
kuL^ mubasiit, One who spreads. Mu-
bastat, Expanded.
f^***-^ mabsim, The mouth when smiling ;
the fore teeth which tHea appear*
t^AM^ mabsiU, Spread, extended, ex-
panded, dilated, stretched out
mubihar, Bejoioed with good news.
tnuba»hshir, A bearer of good news ;
an eyangelist.
^^Lb^ mabik&ik,Who has an agreeable,
affable, eheerfiil ooantenanoe.
mubsir, part. Seeing. Who sees.
Clear, manifest. f*^tf^ mubasnr, Provi-
dent, penetniting. Jfn^osMr, Clear, per-
spicuous, made manifest.
2y£w« tnub8ar(U,An evident or convincing
proof; an undoubted fact.
Jt^.;*.'^ mubtalf Abolished, annihilated.
Mubtil, Frustrating, defacing, destroying.
^^;a*^ mubattan, (A garment) adorned
witii an elegant lining.
^J^a^ mubtin, Having a large belly.
^ya^ mabtUsh, Seized by force.
^p3.f^ mabiun, A distended belly;
having the cholie.
j^^Li^ mubtl, Lazy, slow. Late.
muba^^adf Bemote, distant.
mab^Us, Sent Baising (from the
dead), awakened, arouaed.
^yu^ mab^j\ Burst in the bellj.
mdbgh&d. Detested, odiooa.
mahghn, Desired, wished for, soagU
"after.
mubhf or mubJa, Preserved, i^
served, remaining (pL). uzsVju^
HoFMs continuing to run after othen stottj
with them have stopped.
jX^ mubiMir^ Doing anything earlj l
the morning. Who does anything early i
themooii]^.
^Xf^ mvbakkl. One who cries or mak^
cry; causing to mourn. dJif^xJ
mubka^ iplayth. Bewailed, monnic<|
Tragi'oomical.
^L^ miMa^ The isthmus of the jaws
the opening into the throat Jf»^^, A g^Ql
ton. MMi\^^ part Caoaiiig or allowing of
to swallow anything.
^Ju^ mMagh, A sum, ready monci
f^/i^ ^1^^ The above-mentions
siun. Quantity, price, produoe; the prodQi
or quotient in arithmetic. Mubiigk, Csoas
or enabling one to attain any object.
JL^ mubaUil, part. Moistening well
JjL^ mablud^ Stupid, ignorant.
^Ju« mablu^ Swallowed up.
jy^ mablul, Moistened, watered. U
jy^ Jjf^l hoMd al warai mablil, Thi
paper is mcist
^J^ mubU, part Wearing, tearing, coo
suming. Trying an experiment; tempting.
^^^^ mabni, Built, constraeted. A|
edifice, a fabric, a foundation, i*^
j**Si\j, (A word) ending in koira or
short (^). Mudkf^ One who orders to bail
^^^^^^ mUbanfiH, part Building,
ing (with expedition and well). A builder
J^^ mibwal (or Xl^^), A uriaa
Mubicil^What causes one to make water.
^^t^ mubhif, part. Exhilarating, rcjoic
ing, recreating. Luxniiaot in herbage, tc
dant. ^Ar^j^ (j^ ^ ^ yd faA» »\
u
(329)
\s^
f\ Oh ! vfaat jojM news !
J^ rnubMy, Beaatifying.
,1^ mMmi, part Shotting (a door).
' JMIm, Skit (door). Ooenlt, unknown,
donbtfiL Anjthuig proliibited (as marriage
lietYeen brother and sister). ftJi\
^\ The relatiTe pronoun.
c:^wMil, Stopefied, astonished,
S&id W with aatomahment
aittir, Fatigued, breathless.
, Passing the night, doing
lEjtbiv m the mght-tinie A bed-chamber,
viajdnping-plaoe.
M^ part Disclosing (a secret),
»-
^TfBi^ (the mind). Allowing erenr one to
f'^gm thor indiaalioB. Doing anything by
<^ 9M, pert Destioying, mining.
g£^ m^fytfd', A Mr copier.
^ M^^, part Sold or bought, Teoal.
^f^Xf put E^Mong to sale, aelli&g.
^ aa^ Clear, manifest Dedara-
|aT,e^iiiiatoiy. Erident, distinct
^miofflfiH, part. One who causes
^ to be diitingimhed from error. •Dinding,
^t^ting, dirtangoishing, explaining.
cr^l ^Si\ addinul mubln. The tme
^ fj*i^j^\ amrun mui^yin, An
endat thing, ^^im** mn^ayyafi, De-
<^explaDed,i]lxi8tnted. Separsted, dis-
mboiedudcr heads. [imitator.
^'^ MKd^i^, part. A follower, an
^<^ m^d&i^, Obseqoionsness^ fol-
'^^. vaderstanding, or imitatmg one
*^^; eoniibrouBg cmaKlf to, saboitting,
^^*yiBf . Doing anything soUdly^ and oer-
^'t dang in the same manner one thing
•J^ mnUattl, -part Beadj disposed,
^^^ £asy. expeditioos (bnsineas). Ar-
H^ It, Bce&ig Dy chance, coming npon
"nody, nrprising. Happeaiiig BouiTing
*^i kindly, hmaanely; c<mforming to
■way.
y >^aieaaMir, part. Afflicted, distarbed.
*/r'^ mfOdjarahy To trade, to deal in
'^"^■•ee; to ^eedato m one or many
jntkt. [one.
^'^sMtosUtf, part. United; made
L'ls^ MnAMiUMr, part. Delayed, re-
tazdiog, leoediBg, lagging behind. The last.
^^•laJ\ ^UjThe language of the
modems.
^ Le mutadkhi^ part Being brothers
or friends; acting or receiying as a brother.
Studying attentirely, taking care of.
L^j'\s^ wmUuMa, part WeU-bred,
leaned. [lished.
^jJ*^ imUaamin, part. Signified, pub-
icj*\s^ mutaaaa, part. Injured, vexed,
mm
offended. [of hostilities, armistice.
iij&^ mutdrikah^ A truce, suspension
i^jLj\i^ mutaatsif, part Afflictedi groan-
ing. Anzions. *
^Is^ matd^, Merchandize, goods. Fur-
niture, clothes, effects, utensils. L«t
clXJ^.fi, As to thy saying that thou
art poor, there is no occasion for such an as-
sertum; for all my kingdom and my goods
and possessions are thine!
%^^\s^ maUL^, Difficulties, yezations,
afflictions, erils, misfbrtones.
j^'l:^ mutaakkidt part. Confirming,
strengthening. Mutaakkad^ Oorroborated, re*
peatM.
il'ls^ m%KtaaXlif, part. CnltiTating an
acqnsintanoe. MutadUaf, Anociated, con-
jomed, fipBuiar.
^'l&^ nmtaaUam, part Afflicted, pained,
sad, inconsolable, dueontented, Griered,
tronUed.
*\s^ tmOaak, part. (pi. i^U\s^),
GonsecntiTe, following (especially one who
accompanies another in song in a lower Toice).
J^*\s^ mfUaammil, part. Contemplaiiye,
considering, examining earefolly. Considerato.
^'b^ mtUaammm, part Confiding in,
secure.
ij\s^ mat&mU,. Being firm, solid, fixed,
constant. Firmness, solidity. A fortification,
a castle. Obstmacy. A pUce where figs grow.
l1J'\s^ mtUiummMf part Of the ibmi-
nxoe gender. [miliariaad. Dooiestic.
^^*ls#e muiamnatf part. Tamed, ia
J:
(330)
|J^l&^ mtUaannt, part. Behaving with
address and attention in any affair; patient
and cool in transacting bosindss.
^j\s^ MatdW'lahj The ICataw-lah, as
the^r are vulgarly called, are supposed to be
ancient Syrians, although, as a distinct sect,
their name does not occur before the eLrhteenth
century. They are distin^piished nom the
other Mahommedans of Syna as being of the
Bhi-ito sect, t^e dominant one in Persia.
Their principal possessions are in the Anti-
libanus, and in Bilad Bishara in Palestine,
Balbec being their chief station.
L^}*^ mutaawwl, part Amemhkd* Be-
maining at hoiraa. [pared.
k-^Jb'UL^ mwiaahhib, part. Beady, pre-
^)ibAs^ mutaahhilf part. Marrying a wife.
Worthy, proper, adapted, suited.
djAs^ mutaayyad, 3trex^gthened, estab-
lished.
jJLl« mutahddir, part. Making haste,
endeaYourinj^ to get the start of another.
Rising, origmating, emerging.
JjLn^ mutabddtl (fern. ^i}\^ mtda-
badila), Interchangeable, interchanged. Alter-
nate (angles in geometry).
JjL:l/« mutahdrw, part. Striving, qaar-
relling. A striver, quarreller.
CJj\iS^ mutabdrit, part. Blessed (God),
Tenerable. Who liyes happily and comfort-
ably. Holy. Illustrious.
4^Lx« mutabdri, part. Absolving one
another, dissolving a partnership.
^Ls^ mutabdtl, part. Delaying. Lying
on the side. [distant
JtcU".^ mutahd'^id, One who is absent,
l^^Lo^ fMUahdghidt part Matnally
persecuting.
^Ls^ tnuiabdffhi, part. Desired, wished
for. Proper, suitable.
(JLx^ mutabdl^, The residue, remainder.
^\^ muiahdhl, part. Boasting, glory-
ing, [rate, distant
^L:v« muiahdyin, part. Distinct, sepa-
jO^^i^ mutabahir, part. Very learned.
matabahkhhir, part. Perfuming
oneself. [sipated.
J Jus:^ mutabhaddadf part. Dispersed, dis-
mutabaddi^f part An innovator,
inventor, author* A leader of a sect of hereticB.
J Jus^ mutabaddtl, part Chimging, rali
stituting.
j^^*^ muUibauir, part ContempUtuii
attentively; considering, prudent, judidooL
^JLii^ mufdbattl, part. Delaying, lid
gering.
^iua.x mutdba^cod, part. Divided.
jLi/« muiabattal, Moistened, wet
fjfS^ ma&fi^ pert pass. A lord, chiel
loader.
^1:;;:l«« tnutaUtbi^j part. Consecutivi
successive, coming one after another.
^l::::^ muiatdli, part. Conseqaeni Oi^
" foUoving another in regular sucoesdon.
_![xL« muiataliif part. Pollowing on
"another.
Jilii^ ffmia9dkil, part. Heavy, slo^
Grudj;ing to do any thing, and deeistic;
Oravitatmg towards uie eartL
^Il:i/« tnutoiannl, part. Folded, doubled
inflected, complicated.
yMilsCU mutajdsirt part. Bold, audacioir
rash, courageous, presumptuous.
j^l^i« miUajdwi%f part TransgresuDi
exceeding, passing by.
^£CU mtUfar, Commerce.
i^jS^ ma^'ari, Commercial, beloiigin|
to commerce. [pa^
mutafoMf part. Divided in'
mutqfasiid, part Incarnate, en
bodied ; corpulent. Jbwy^^^, Ii
corporeal.
AM*sCL« muiajaisim, part. Corporeal, ii
camate, incorporate. Having a large h<^\
corpulent
jl^x^ mutajallal, part. Covered, dotbe^
Magnified. ifH^patf*/,pve^ooming,eIcdlioJ
rising superior (in dignity).
,JLs^ mutqfaltl, Illuminated, enligb
- " [coDcnrt
mutajammad, part Congealed
mMtakdbf part. Mutually loviDi
iXil^ull J^Jk!\ adduwaitdwwtakihhi
The Allied Powen.
e^l^U mutahdihl. Avoiding, abstaii
ing from, keeping dear of.
ened.
J
tr
(331)
wmiaJMm, Indispensable, abso-
Jl^ muttMd, part. United, made
ooe. JTjLtfu!! J^jJt adduwal id mut-
UiM, The TTnited States.
vlT^ flwiaAaml, part. Moved ;
aoriog oneself ; movable. j«^
C/]su, Immovable, j^^^^ull ,^^1,
^•0^ MttsAoMfii, part Hatirnig to
pom, foMfvag anmsHt Taking reftige.
wi5i« wMif, part. (Hving a present,
mtafmnSmng, eopsecnitiwg, deduatiiig.
m
J^ iHrfailW, part. Certain, tme.
jisii MMUtkattl, part. Adorning. ^«-
^!al«&', Adorned (eBpeeially with bracelets or
oAff feoMte oraamenti).
Ja^smMmimi?, part Bearing, snp-
patiog, nffanag patiently.
j^ mukkayjfir, part. Astonisbed, stn-
p&d,w<nideiing. \j^\jisd^^^sr^\,
tiU mKUka^yirmfiddm, He was stupefied ;
be beesoks Tery astonished.
muMojfyhf CSollected, compre-
baded, iodnded; poaseasing, oontaining.
#^'ccu mutaik&ilmf part. Dispnttng;
boUisf aa sUanation, litigating. An adTer-
■BT, u opposite party in a lawsuit.
^'vsa« mutMdltf, part Opposing,
<)ppQBte. Adverse.
^^^ muUMiis, part. Taking, reoeiv-
a^ i^ectiBg^ ehoosingy assuming, associating.
iTattftUsi, pint pass. Taken.
^^^ wmUMashiki^f Endowed witb
^smJatj tad eompimetion. [ated.
u^*c^U wmtakhauii, part Appropri-
(A^^ sHrfflMfl<g|fJiiJ, part. Moved,
awfflg.
<^>aa4 awfoJUtfttz, Passing, overstep-
piif (bounds), Teataring (too far).
J<^ sta^attaOio/, part. Disjointed.
^^^^mutMtiUi/, part Bemainingor
leftbebiad.
r.-
^"^ iNiMua2&,part. Free,disengaged.
* *
f^ mutkkim, part Having an indi-
goiioa. Osariag indigestiwL
mattAoiiMi^, (Meat) oormptihg'
in the stomach.
Jli^ mutakhayyUf part. Imagining,
sQspecting, fiamoying (good or eril). JTm^a-
hhayyai^ part pass. Anything similar to an
idea oonoeiTed of it. A cloady sky. Think-
ing hiffhly, but fedsely of oneself. Oroand
ooTerea with luznriaat herbage. Fantastic,
imaginary.
^\jcL^ mutadd^, part. Disputing,
contending, proToking one another.
J^l Jc^ muiadawtl, Passing current from
hand to hand (money, book^ etc.).
Jjcj« muUukMirf Conndering with tt«
' tention. Mutadabbar, part. pass. Regulated,
disposed in order.
cjXJX^ muiadarra^, part Armed witb
a coat of mail, or qnilted cotton rest.
j;] jc^ muiadafflk, part Spreading wide,
orerflowing (water).
^ Jc^ mtUadaUitf part. Concealed. Eat-
ing a little. Licking anything in play (cattle).
L^iXi^ mutadalUff part Approaching,
see (^JJ. [oneself.
^JA^ mutadahhinf part. Anointing
v^jL* muUadl, part. Receiving money,
as the expiation of homi^de.
^JCL^ tmUadayt/in, part A debtor.
cSoSs^ muiaMaM^ part. Dispersed,
dissipated (wealth).
SSs^^ muiMakkar, part. Eemembered,
recorded, recollecting, recalling to mind.
jSs^ muUnakkir, Calling to mind, re-
membering, [abasing himself.
JJjCL^ muUzatttl, Humbling himself,
uJlyU tnutara'atf, part. Compassion-
ate ; mercifhl, pions.
ol^ mutarddd, part Contending, driv-
ing, pushing, repelling one another. Dissolv-
ing, any contract by mntoal agreement
i^j\jX^ part of i^j\jj, Successive.
A^t^ mutardkam, part Accumulated,
heaped up, condensed. [wrestling.
9j]j^ muiardwiffhf part. Struggling,
^1^ muiardhtn, part. Depositing
mutual pledges or wagets.
^ A/« matrabahf Depressing want US
(332)
■•-
^jX\^\j\j
AAi'i\L^j\iiZ^M:j\
rLiJl ^, When I was journey-
i log on a camel's hump in foreign lands, de-
pressing want having exiled me ftom my
country.
^.j^ mtUarahhi, Educated, inBtniotedy
" trained, accustomed.
im^j:^mutarrattab, part. Firm, settled;
ordered, established. Running in, upon, or
against ; springing, rising. Sufoing, lufected.
^J^ mutarajfih, part of ^y • ^r®"
Tailing, conquering.
^jP^jx^ fMUarqfnff part. Agitated,
trembling, tottering, moving to and fro.
Fatigued.
^ji^ mutarjlfam, part, pass* Inter-
preted, translated.
muiarajfl, part. Hoping.
»-^ mtUarahih, One who welcomes
another, and receives htm vrith great politeness.
^J^-^ mutarahhm, part. Compassionate,
merdful, tender, affectionate. Pitying.
JOjL^ mtUaraddad, part. Eepnlsed, re-
jected, refused. Mutaraddid^ Opposing, re-
sisting, adverse. Coming and gomg, wander-
ing, sauntering. Irresolute, leoeding, am-
biguous, perplexed, hesitating.
(jM^ matariSf Trenches round a camp
or castle ; a parapet of wood, earth, etc.
f^j^ tnutaraahikih. One who has
caught cold ; transuding, exuding.
tX^jL^ muiarassid, part. Watching, ex-
pecting, exploring. Vigilant, hoping.
^jLoj^j% muiarraddidf part. Broken.
y^jf>^ fniUarraddl, part. Contenting,
" satisfying ; begging anything to be acceptable.
\^,^ji^ mittaraghghA, part. Desiring,
expecting.
c^yi^ mutarakkib, part. Contemplat-
ing, observing. Expecting, desiring, vrishing.
Guarding.
J>^ muiarakklf Increasing, rising, aug-
menting by degnses (in quantity or in rank) ;
reaching, attaining.
i^^ji^ mutarakktbf Composed, consist-
ing (of several things).
CJjj^ smUmk (pi. fem. c^l^^^).
Abandoned, left, ol^j/^ matrnkdi,
(i
Movables, anything left behind one ((
when leaving a place or dying) ; nam^
baggage.
^,^jL>% nmiarahM, Dedicating
self to the service of Ood; leadings
life. [crowding, ft
M^lx^ mukudhm, Collected in crov
jjUiL« muUudyadf Incsreased, mnltip
Jj|jjj« fMUaadyil, Transitory.
^jp^jZ^ mutmuthMih^ part Eetirisg
tant, absent. [to^
^,Ji»^\z^ miUaMif, part Ad
jjfjjL^ muiaaOyidt part. Increasing
price of provisions). Affixing, adding s
mentary or supplement
^ JjL^ mtf taa^on, Dresaed, adornei
Jj U&^ mmioBd'tlf part* Asking m
another. [gc^
cj\mA^ mutasdri^, part Hairtening ti^
LSLjl^ miitoAJbY, part. Falling or tbrov
ing oneself (into any place).
^^L•x« muiasai^, part Equal, paralU
^5^M&« muiiUiarrf, Haying a slsTe m
cubine.
laL*r>^ muta%idU%t, Arrogating to him
self the exerdse of power (over any pei«» <
thhig).
ffitt^tocfc, part Large, hroad.
mti^atti, part Imbued, \sl
bibing.
i^\^ mtf tooStfft, part A vicar, a locai
* tenens, a lieutenant to the governor of a pr
vinoe, sent before to take poosessioo fcr b
superior, and manage affura till his sntial
^L:l^ mtf^oMSl, part. ConaoledySatisfiet
(.i^lliL* fMOoAaUk, Perplexed, inti
cate.
iAJ^^z^ wiOtuihdhtk^ part like, ran
bling, conformable.
j£\J!uZj9 mutoikd^y A peracn who pi
tends to be a poet, a vmter of doggitl
\\Ls^ mukuhdmm^ part SmeUing, sno
fMUaihMUt pcurt Graspi
strongly, fixing the nails or cUtws in anythij
jJLi^ mutoiharrad, part Disperw
put to flight P&
elli^ muiasharri^ part Skilled int
!a&^
(333)
^■^».V.^ muioika^ika^, Befalgent.
^jUi^ mutoikaUl^ part. Complaimng,
*knct^; liflietod, pamed, diMMed.
J*.!*»:.< mtttoikaUhUf part. Making
Titer, dropping. tmnally.
J^^i.&«mi^Md^t(ii^ part. Ascending oon-
j^^^»« mnUauddif pari. Taming away
t^« &tt, opposbig, objeedng. Attemptiog,
pVBiB^, oringi intent npcn. Any inferior
«ittt«f gorenment, deik, aeoonptant, etc.
ui^ iw^Mifrify P^>rt- PoeBessingy
doe^n;, enjoying. A poao— or, s nufter.
^vkm ii in one's power or poeeeerion.
sJjO^ j^. What ia out of ones
pe«e' [« a lud in the air, a fish in the water,
etc.). hjA^ i^. The thinking
baHltf.
*^^^^ mnUatif, part. Praiseworthy.
Qailiikd,eiidiiedwith. Dewaribed, describing.
u'i^ mMuH, part. Contiguous, ad-
j(9&mg, adhering. )LdL« muiUuiUan,
Ciesisiially. Gontignonaly.
;^iNrfM0iMPfr,pait. Imi^ning, eon-
^^nog. JfooMnMror, Imagined. Imaein-
I^JMMRiile. Tndimng, Teiging, tenoing
0*i£
|/y One who studies,
?vntt, or Isllowi oat the seienoe of mystieal
P^^^^^Mopby sad religion.
wisLc^ mtOadd^f, Bouhled or in-
Gased many fold.
wfM^'ar, part Bistressedi op*
F^ inured, affliefeed.
^ tn^ttatUh, j^art. Hanifiesty eyident,
[jnred.
CAT.
j/^ tiuUiiarrarf part. Dispersed ; in-
{j^ mOadarri^ part Supplicating.
t^ mOiadi^ Humbled, lowly, re-
Q**^ mutaiamminj Contained, in-
^^H eoBlainiiig, iodnding, comprehending.
^^ muiadawufl, part. Beceiving
^tt (vhea in a dark plaee, from a neigh-
^*af fire, etc).
0^ mukoMUa, Protected^ or takiog.
^■taetioa mider the shade.
^ Mtteslfam, part Darkened, ob-
•"f*- Iiqnrsd, anriered. Complaining of
*^^^*%>» UppPMiri, and demanding jnstice.
j\sc^ muia^ahibf part. Successive.
fc3j^j)l l^Ijcl^, Coming suocessiyely.
JUs^ muta^al, High, The Most High
God. Ifuta^al (or ^Ijc^), Coming,
approaching. Asoending'by degrees ; appear-
ing aloft or high. Carrying oneself high.
JJbljCL^ mtUa^hid, Mutaally stipulating
and coTenanting with each other.
mtU^, part. Fatiguing.
muta^aibid, part. Devout, religious.
ixi^ mut^f Enjoying, etc. part. ^:^.
Adyantage, gain, utility. Taking a wife on
the eonoition of dismissing her after a few
days' cohabitation. Mit^at, Performing the
ceremonies at Mecca, making the sacred visita-
tion called ijf.
^■y^jy*^^ muta^jjA, part. Admiring,
wondering.
JJmi^ mutacoddid, part. Many, various.
t^JucL^ muU^addlf part. A transgressor.
a wicked wretch, a rillain. Paanng by, or
from one to another. Haring a contagions
disorder (people) ; dying one after another.
An aetiTe, traasitiTe, or caosal verb.
J
muta^anir, part. Difficult, im-
possible. Stained. Defiioed. Making an
apology. Deserring pardon.
^/^^ mti^arrii,Meddling,injuriously
interfering.
yuK^ m%tta^(U9ir, part. Difficult, im-
possible, intricate, hard to be explained.
^^y»aa^\jlxL^, Difficult to beobtained.
arduoua. jy^\ jm*sc^, Difficult to
pass, hard to be got orer.
^^ttLai/e muta^attuhf part. Thirsty, pre-
tending thirst Wishfal, desirous, eager,
curions.
laaLs mvtiaM^ part. Admonished, re-
ceiving, and following advice.
^jiiC^ muta^ffin^ Putrid, stinking.
j;Lc^ muta^Uih, part. Belonging to,
depending niwn, touching, concerning. Sus-
pended, hanging to. Addicted, dedicated, at-
tached. iJL^UUl^ (pi. fern.). De-
pendencies, appurtenances, circumstances.
CyJ^aJ;-^ mut^h, part. Fatigued, op-
pressed; vexed.
tnuia^ayifinf nmia^yyan, part.
(384)
!b^
Public, openi maniftit^ oompioaow* Gertsiii,
determined, constitttted, appointed, deputed.
Following with the eye, piercing, influencing,
or faadnating with malignant looka. Pierced
fill! of small holes (s bottie, bag, etc).
_Lic.« mutoffha^, part. Coyered, hid.
c,, Jn •; ^ wmta^hdllib, part Ealing, pre-
dominant,powerfal,8aperior,8eev.;Jjt7.
mt^a^Aoyyiir, Altered, transformed,
changed. HataUs. ^g^ tZJiiAmi
v/ ^^ Wo ^--^ «=-«^ ^
r««-i-*^J!>J^'' I took
my
parted, bnt sne retuzned with her ooontenance
changed.
fJMa^ mutafdni, part Destroying one
" another in war.
2Jj\ki^ muiafdwit, part. Distinoty se-
parate, diitant, different.
yjaxr^ mutafahhit, part. act. Inyesti-
gating, inquiring, examining. An inquirer,
an inquisitor.
^^^c^ muiafarr^', part Contemplating,
examining, walking about, gazing around. A
spectator. Jij\j ^ji^\j^ ^ '^-^ *3Jj
They had prepared for themseWes fire^ts,
and they lighted the fires in them. Their
occupations were yarious : some cooked, others
washed, and some amused themselyes. I was
among thoee who were amusing themselTes.
t^ijic^ part SiDgnlar, incomparable.
^/MyA:;^^ mutafarris, part Judging finom
signs or appearances, conjecturing.
ftyfii^ tnutafarra^, part. Produced, ori-
ginated, deriyed, propagated, effected. MtUam
farri^, part. Belongmg to, depending upon.
fjjis^ mutafarrak, part. Separate, dis-
tinct, different, divided, diq;)erBed, scattered,
confiised, dissipated, ruined.
Aj^ii^ mutafarrika, Title of a corps of
officers in the olden time, who used to be sent
6n missions by the Sultan.
fj£^ nmttafikt part Consenting, agd
ing ; corresponding, ooncurrinff (testim(^
confederating, conspiring. United, unifll
Happening. Nearfy reiaied together. .
accomplice, a conspirator.
Jja^ matafakkir, part Contemplatii
considering, tiioughtftO.
JjlSi/e mtUakdhHf part. Opposite, md
ing, opposing, or ftetng one another.
Jb\is^ mutaidtirf^axt. Dropping, oonl|
in a train, one after another.
Af.Ui/s mutakd^, part. Sedentary, si
iionary. Exempted from joining the amy
garrison soldier). Abttaimng from.
aJ&l^ mukLiaidm, Ancient anteri^
An andent, an ancestor. A ohief^ preadei
principal, goyemor.
"(mm^jSz^ mtUakarr^, part Approachio
haying access to a king, a to^ rdatioa
fiiTounte. Adjacent^ near, allied to.
*i\3s^ muiaiaUid, Who wean round tl
neck ; who obeys, follows.
^JSs^ muUakinf Who knows for oertaij
is perfectly oonyinoed.
^^^a:;^ muHah, Pious, deTont,God-fearin
UILt muitakdf A day-bed, a ooucb, i
S0&, a cushion, carpet, or anything upon whii
people recline.
mutakabhir, part Proud, haagbt
arrogant, lofty.
Ji^ muiakajfU, Who stands soret
becomes answerable.
aKx^ miUakdttim, part. Speaking;
speaker, an orator, dedaimar, adyoeate. I
eloquent orator.
^J1L« muttoH, part. Supported, proppe
leaning, reclining, sitting (especially upon t
heels), lying down to sleep.
fj^h>^ mutaldhikf part Following
succession, in a continued series. Add*!
augmented (one following another), [tiniu
jjli^ mutaldMik, part Contiguous, 001
^^)L^ mutaldihl, part Vanishing, a:
** nihilated ; yain, of no moment, worthies.
fieis,^ mutaldtmf part Boziug one a
other, cuttuigwith blows. MutoBUnn, AgiUI
asthe waves. UbtyJI ^i ^ ^ (jji»
(885)
^
^kiit^, And ha proceeded along the
tnek ibr dxf§ ad oigliii, until he appnwcfaed
I mniig iei, agitatad with wmtm; ud the
£»tsirks reached to the ihore of theaeoyand
&eR ended.
^fc<aitrfrfdft,part. Shinizig,
J^mUaldJ^, part Flaying^ amua-
iasaeaBotka, foodiiiigaure or grief.
^ mSai, part IndigeiioiiSi natire.
ilKUiWt Heredituy wealth; alaTea or
cattle tan in their maater'a honae.
jii^mdOU part CoUeotiiig, a»-
ieii%. iMpingor wudiiig off, preTentiiig.
«<^ airfihaii, Enjoying, delighting
^ftg owner of thia piece ii in the ntmoat
i&aee, de|%fating lumaelf with pleeaeat
•Inn. ddicioaB meata, and exqmaite herer-
i^tf iIldeMriptione.
mdUf, part Destroying, mining.
A eoQaamer, aprodigaL
\J^ mUUamn, part ChangeaUe,
^Ba&, of different edloiin, Tariona.
Ji^WjU maaith\aka, Insane.
^i^BK^tnaiypart. Completing,perfecting.
V^"^ mitamadif part. PereeTering,
"BiBnaj^ prolonging, protraeting.
»^«Ui^ tmUmdwit, part. A hypocrite,
^opagtobedead.
;f^ >MMr, part Aboonding in dates.
i^ imOutarrid, part. Stubborn, dis-
«hi£cit,iaBo]ent,ra8li.
J^ mUamakkm, part. Powerfnl,
^agtreat authority. Placed, eatabliahed.
JmhitBg^ rending. An inhabitant.
f^9Mt4mmm, part Completing, per-
**|, A finisher. [praying, eating.
j^Mrfiiiaimf , part Wishing, hoping,
l^^ ^lUawtMPwif, part Dashing, foam-
^mffing, raging (aa the aea) ; orerflowing,
■*apwer. [ground. The text.
cr*««<«, A hard or elevated piece of
S;*»»^ muiandisib, Mntoally propor-
P^^iater-proportionate, weU-proportioned
^ **P^' [inoofnaiatent, ineoograoiu.
^"^^ wttmt&fif Hntoally repnlsiye;
muiandUd, Hatoally contra-
dictiag; oontradictory.
^b^ muUmdhi, part Finished, ter-
minated, arriyed at the ntmoat extreme, gaining
any point Coming, or bringxag intelligenee.
AjmCL^ mmiatuibhihy part Waking from
aleep. Circnmapect, animadrerting, taming
the attention towaida, recollecting, remember-
ing, diligent. fieoelTing adyioe, and profiting
hyit
aXa^ mutanaidim, Bepenting. LS,^4ii
^c-Jlu ^Jlc C/lfJb LsAjeP JJ, I re-
mained in that Talley, repentinr of what I
had done, and aaid within myself, By God, I
hsTe hastened my own deatmction.
^Mis^ muioHa^m, part. Ai&nent, fortu-
nate, enjoying the delights and comibrta of lift.
JLs^ muimtaffir, part AverBe, abhorring,
ahnnning, flying, deteating.
JI:jl« muianakkalf Translated, trans-*
ported; copied, portable.
^y^^ tmUanawm^ Various, of different
kinds, aorta, or forma. {Anything) diTided
into (tifferent parte or qnahtiea.
jj^jf^ muiawdttr, Suocessiyely, one after
another, distinctly (aa ohronologiea, qnotationa,
etc.). [one following another.
43;tyL« mmiawdrid, part Suocessiyely,
i^j^f-^ mutowUrf^ part. Withdrawing,
lurking, ahaoonding; conoeeled, retired.
^y^\f^ mutawdMl, Joined or fastened
together. Connected with one another. Jfute-
umlf part act. Arriying, proceeding, coming
forth.
9\f^ nuUaw&di^, part. Submissiye,
obedient, tractable, humble, affable.
\tfL^ mutawdllf part. Continued, suc-
cesaiTe, oonaecutiTe, following one after another.
A aect in Syria.
Jl^ muiwdnl^ part, of fj\y, Negligent.
mtUawwif, part. act. Crowning.
Matawieqff part peas. Crowned.
^fj^ mutawe^'thf Trayelling, turning,
or going towards. [atinent, pious.
cyjs^ mutawarri^ part. Continent, ab-
^f^ mutawatlin, Inhabiting, residing,
dwelling, remaining.
J
ll«
(336)
(^
mutawafir^ part. Many, numeroiiSy
plentiful, copious, mudi. [up tlie ghost.
_5^ muiawaffl^ Bead, defunct, giving
^fi-^ mutmowakt Deured, wished for.
^j^ mutawakka^f part pass. Ex« ,
pected. Mutatpokkif^, part act Expecting.
i^JijX^ mutawakkif, part. Slow, tardj,
delaying, lingering. Expecting. Peneyering.
jSji^ mutawakktl, part. Trusting in Ood,
redning to one's lite ; placing confidence in
another, unable to manage one s own affairs.
tr.
J^f^ muiawaUadf Bom, generated.
lij^ mutawaUi, The superintendent or
treasurer of a mosque, an administrator, or
procurator of any rengious or diaritable fonn-
lon.
(^IfL^ muiahalikf Eunning headlong
to ruin ; destroying one another.
j^f^ muttaham, Aoonsed, arraigned.
i^fi^ mutahttwunTf part. Yiolent, f onous,
rash, inconsiderate. Rushing upon, stumbling,
ftUing upon anything by aoodent.
^^;if>>^ HHdahaifyi, part. Eeadj, pre-
paring oneself. CyJ^ar^^yfLxUl^4H
0hitalik mtUuhaff^t UlKarh, The king is ready
to make war. [used interT^tively).
JL« mtda\ When, if at any tune (nerer
mX^ nwdayMMrf Facilitated, made easy
of aocompUshment, Beeominff aocomplished
without mffioulty. [viguant, attentire.
I fnutaydkkUi, part. Fradent,caatiou8,
,^^>-;P^ mutayakkin, part. Knowing for
oertain. w ^**^l ^\ ^jLp^j^\ aia-
nitr muiayakkm an asmih titm, The prince
belieTes positively that peace has been con-
cluded.
matin, Strong (castle), firm, solid.
k.^jjii\ \ijb hoMolinarkab matin,
This yessel is rery strong and solid.
c^l^ masdbf A place of rendezvous
wfaere scattered people assemble. A premium.
Mwabf Bewarded.
^\l^ moB&hat, A place to which one re*
turns again and again. An inn, a carayansera.
Stones projecting round a well.
Jll^ misdl, Similitude. An example,
model. A form, figure, mode, manner, deM
quantity. History.
Jli^ tnoidl^' (pi. of li^). Ice-cellar
tj\t^ masdni, The first section (of til
Alcoran). (JluSt.ThewholeAlcoJ
The two knee and hind-leg joiots of cattle.
jjL-^mt^ mushit, part, (or c:>»^^l^), Estal
lishing, fixing, confirming, ratiMng, girij
a sanction to. Knowing witn certaid
d^^ musabhatf part. pass. EsU]
lished, confirmed, written. MutMiu
act. Reducing to writing. Fixing, establ
ing, proving, etc.
^\3t^miMl, Adrachmandahalf weigl)
^-.^fi^^ matkah, A wimble or other boriz
instrument, v^y.^flt^ mfuakkib, par
Perforatmg often, piercing full of holes.
Ja^ mttikU, part. Oppressing, dittres
ing, afflicting (as a heavy load, sleep, dia»j
guilt, etc.). fjh^ mtuakkH, per
OTerlooding. Muaakkaly part pss. (f^
iliil/s). Oppressed, heavy laden.
J2l« moMi/, Being like, equal, resen
bling. A fable, tale, parable, apologue, pr
verb, adage, example, comparison. Aiifi
equal, resembling, ^di^ midfu^n ((
i^ I JJb), This resembles it, it is it
same with that, lli^. For exanpli
JHuil, Similitude. Alike, equal. J^
iil^ J, Like to this, the same with tha|
u-iU J^ iZ^l. CSleJ< ^\^ J V^
CuU tt. And they said. If the Sic
has died, he has left this ingenious prinoe, s^
be who has left such as be is not dead.
miM/w, part Amounting to thif^
mtuMu, part. Triaognlal
triple. MmalUu, part. pass. Triangular,
triangle.
.<^ mudif, part Snowy (day); sno^^
ing ; doing anytiiing in snowy weatl^ti
is!*^. An ice or snow-oellar.
ffisMmtir, part. (A tree) bearizj
fnit Opulent, increasing in wealth. Yvoth
bearing plenty of fruit jAt^j^ (fee
ijAt^j^\ Unfruitful, boixen, sterile
\^
(837)
.yiiLt m^umm, part Conauiing of eight.
^u^ mnmmmn, part Ootangniar,
^it-feU. Makiiig IE tbe Ibnn of an octagon.
JfiMwiw, Eight timm doubled.
j^ MMiHwI or flMfiMvf , Ehyme,
poetxyvlien the weond line of ererr diitich
i^rpa wftk the nme letter. A Dook of
aaid tonne writttn in tkis speeies of metre.
j^ mm' (pi. J^)f Two and two.
'IW lodiBg of a river, ete. The leoond
€bed earing of a lute. A diftich. Mami,
MU, hided. ^^Il^ muMfHif , part.
lUii^tfA, donhfiog. (A noiin^ of the dual
naiiff. Mmmmtiy part. poe. Boidiled, two-
H HiiiBg no equal, inoonmarable.
*J^ ^tyaiarat. Favour, kindness,
Im %i%«« ul mtffiimrak. He treated Bie
vi^tlkegrMtatkiiidiieaB.
^^H^fiif^SilMiki^, Contending/fight-
^ Bg, pahing. Beotraining, pierenting.
'^f mufdda^, WrangHng, die-
IjH nproeehing, reriliBg.
UmI ^jIb*, The heavenly Inminaries.
Wir« mt^ddakt, ControverBy, oonten-
.^fiVite. [another.
^J'f* my<irdila<, Wounding one
i^'^f* M^ri (pi. of ^js^)f Accidents,
^y^ occorreneei. Str^Lms, cnrrentB. Run-
%< f"ng» proceeJiug (along with another).
;< M^iii, A way, a paeaage. ififfiSf ,
^^"utted, lawMy eonyenient. (Or
'j^)» A metaphor, simile, allegory.
J|J**fcl word or action. Feigned, politieal,
*^%f npofidal, pro&ne (oppoeed to diyine
«*«). IjLr* mufdsuin, Metaphorically.
*?«la«By, inaneerely.
J"^ "9<^sd^» Compensationy reqnital
•'MoreviL To lewari ^ JUi
t * l^Jx, And the fox replied, I hear
and obey. I will abataitt from that. which
pleaaeth thee not ; for the wine man has said,
CUre not information on a sabjeot reepeoting
which thon art not questioned, and repW not
to words when thon art not requested. Leaye
what cottoemeth thee not, to pay attention to
that wldoh conoemeth thee; and lavish not
advice upon the wicked, for they will reward
thee for it with eviL
i^lfi^ mafdsfyMetaphoric, hyperbolical,
not true, fiaigiied, insincere (love). PoUtioal ;
pro≠ superficiaL Jfi^Hs', part Becom-
penaing. [▼igour, skill, force.
Jlar* fMQdlt Power, strength, ability,
^^Isr* n^&lu (pi. of ^/-JuB^), Con-
ferences, assemblies, convivial convenations.
Sessions. Mv^lu^ part Sitting together.
£JLp^, An assembly, conyersation, etc.
w^Lr^ majUmi^ (pi. of wt^sr^). Con-
gregations, [cubitus, coitoa.
Jui/eLsr^ m¥j&ma^ (pi. c:.^W«Ls^), Con-
\i\jB^ mq^dfumt Gratis, gratuitously.
4JLb^ mufdnahat, Avoiding, keeping
away. [a speaker, a proposer.
c^^Lsr' mufdwih, part. An answerer,
ij^\M!^muidwai^, Answering each other,
an altercation. [near.
jp^lar^ mufdwtr, part. A neighbour; living
JjLsr^ mufdwiz, part. Passing, transgress-
ing, exceeding bounds. J^lj^ltcr*,
Immoderate, excessive.
jULs^ mafdhdt, Boasting.
jjbljs^ mufdhid, part A warrior (espe-
cially in defence of religion) . One who labours
or endeavours. ^ JJbLcr*, Fighting for
the faith against infidels. Striving, labouring.
iytXjB^ mufdharatf Conquering, prevail-
ing over. Reproaching, railing at. Readiag,
speakinff, calling with a loud voice. Carrying
onopenhostilitiin, being an undisgoised enemy.
mufhir, part. Forcing unwillingly.
mufabhtr, part. One who sets bro-
ken bones.
mqfhUr, Constrained, forced. Con*
solidated (as a broken bone). Re-established
after being in distressed circumstances.
22
(338)
J:\^\j^^jB^, And he has been with
me two yean, Beptnted from hif eoontrj ; it
is mj daire, tfamfore, Huit we should prepare
for him meichandise, that he may depart witii
satisfiu^tioii in his hout.
ijj^fjs^ majhikriyah, Gonstrainty neces-
sity. The state of one who is eompeQed to do
something, or is nnder the neeessity of doing
it. i^^\£JlacJy3i.jL-LJJ^
*0^) ^\, I regret to be nnder the
necessity to inform yon that ....
ij^fje^majhul, Formed by nature, innate.
mtff'iahl, part act. SeLecting,
choosing. CoUectuig. M^UAa^ part pass.
Elected, chosen.
mn^tarmy part Guilty, acknow-
away, aeiiing.
[eonrage.
lodging a crime.
Catting off.
Taking
mujiaH^ part Bold, getting fresh
mujtiu^ or ^jttMr.jr^ mi^'taiit,
Dart Touching, handling, feeUng (the poise).
Inquiring alter or getting intelligence.
(-^JbLsr^ muftalib, part Carrying from
place to place (especially sUres, cattle, etc.),
for sale.
^JcL^ mttfiali, part Seeing a bride
adorned and nnreiled. Unrolling the torban
sash.
w4CLf^ mujiami^ part Assembling,
coming together. A|preeing in the same
opinion. [chning, shnnning, flying.
mujiambj Abstaining from, de>
mujtatd^ part Collecting.
m^tahidf part EndeaTonring to
oonceiye or perform anything. *Jb
tmkid jiddtn ft UktH «/^«/Sin, He is ezoes-
sively applying himself to aoqnire a knoided^
of the saences.
mmjiy Glory, grandeur, greatness,
sptendonr. The honour detired from ancea-
tors. Pndsing (God). Excelling in glory.
«Xf^ c»^'^Up, a glorions and magni-
ficent lord, jr Jws-^ Jofj, Kay his glory
increase.
mt^'idd, part Solicitor, one who
Uhoun diligently to accomplish anything.
Doing one's endeaTour, stretdung erery nerre.
y-J^
i\:
%*9 vvwK l^l^vWv^
/tddtn ft ioHk a/ mmr. He is eicwdingljidi
in that business. l^\ ^\J^\ JU
ji\^\, 0 king, said the youDg ma
if then hast been aaleep, awake, for there
hetween thee and thy city the dirtsnoe (^
year's journey to him who tn? dleth with i
greatest diligence.
J Jur* mMJaidid, part Benewing, m&lu
afresh. Mt^addady part pass. Beneved,
paired. UJusf mt^'itddadau, Aga:
afresh, newly. [the snan-p
Ml
uJjur* mufaddif, A blasphemer.
Jjksr^ wu^dal, A troop or body of m<
Mffdalf A Strang castle.
c^ Jusf* mofduh. Drawn, extended, «
stncted, attracted.
i^\ss^ mifidf, An oar.
f^ijsi* ma/sUb, Drawn, attracted.
BT* majgAbtyahy The quality
• J
being able to be attracted. See^-^l
jaukiyky The attracting power.
AjJus^ Mo^fiffi, Having the leproey.
i^ysr* mwjmrrtb, part Trying, proril
making an experiment M^fttmb^ £ip
skillea, Tersed. FraTcd, examined.
lysr* wMJmiraiy The galaxy or milky «^
J^isr* fM^arridy part. pros. Laying bf
stripping naked. Mujmrrody part. pass. Sti
Solitary, vniqne, alone, nnmamed. 0
solely. «-J^l ^^ JjIj^ j^^ I
j^J Ij JlJ^ ^y ^ ^U i^j
c^Kll 'ijtb (^j^ \^'dS^ , And when
hehdd them with the drawn swords in t
hands, he called out to his people, ssjiofr.
woe to yon! Take ye the headi of these d
iij^ m^rafiU, A wooden shorei v
which they clean streets. [nal, col
(^yf^ Mtj^TMi, part A nudefactori cri
rx;^ tfuyHU, Wonnded.
•^•j^ m&jrikdf Tom off, skinned,
harked, peeled. Infested hy locusts (groi
Having the bsUy-adie from eating locut!
*ri>
r^
(839)
o%f^ Ri^irf, part Causing to flow or
noL ii ezeentar, one wlio cuieB any order
wbeobcjei
jjSi* mfTM, A channel^ canal, aque-
doet U!l^^^, A water-conrBe.
jd\ jjt; The bed of a riyer.
^/t* wtpi^, part Striking with terror.
jjsf* mtpH, part Liberal, giving a
docatioi. [marked withyosma (^}.
^x< fl^^ifli, Cat, amputated; abrupt;
f^ mfutm, part. Inoamate. Mu-
pet pML Ineorponfted; ooipaleiit;
^ wdja^ part Curling (hair).
^ m^^ See J»- -^*t^* pa'^-
Makmf, performni|P, causing, eonstitating,
SiiB^tJupriMof wxrar. ete.
Ifs^ tuj^id, Constituted, effected.
^ mif/iZ7, part Bavering, magnifying,
(asadeiiB; as Ohiteioiis or estunable.
^ m^Md, part A book-binder.
XifoBti put pan. Bound in leather (a
^). One book, a bound Tolnme.
\A^m(9lii, An assembly, oongrega-
tisB. eoBTentioii, eongren, ooimdl, eonsistory,
avirttl meeting, oonTersation. The time
Oil plfttt of asBembling, etc. A jndgment-
ft* M;7fiip, Polished, splendid. A
^ idonied, vitb her &ee nnreiled.
j^f* iM^dffl, part Polishing. Illas-
tcag, eipkimng, dedaring one's thoughts.
J^^i^iDirtpaH. Ulnstrated, manifested.
^E^^^rarb2SDed,made clear, dean, or bright.
^ m^iMioi, part. pass. Congealed.
l^ nijmar and ijA^, A censer for
■ecatt, a ^afing-ftih.
^^ au/iRtf^ and tiu^i^t A place of
'"A^. A eonooaxse, crowd, oonyention,
''Hngatigo, meeting. A book of miscel-
«itt, a magazine, {•^j^^ f*^»
^ cotttBoee of two riTers. Mt^mif^, part
^Hecting, containing, eto.
^■^'nuij part pass. Collected. EesoWed,
^ ■'^ iBitmkled, conTened, contained,
^r^ iM/ai«ja< (or 9y«^)> A col-
lection, minellany, magaiine, a compendium,
etc. [furious.
^y'^ mqfnUn, Foolish, insane, mad,
ij^ mffffil, part. Gathering fruit. (A
tree) having fruit ripe for pulling. Bipe
fruit Ground abounding in frmti^ corn,
herbage, ete. [grammar).
jysr^ fnufaunoM, Permitted, tolerated (in
{jMyB^ mc^iUt The Magi or adorers of
fire. ^...tyT^, The religion of the
Magi or priests of the religion of the ancient
Persians. This religion, which is not yet
entirely extirpated, was materially reformed
and renoTated by the famous legislator,
Zoroaster or Zerdnsht The life, and even
the epoch of the birth, of this great reformer
are involved in the utmost obscurity ; but the
preferable opinion seems to be that he flour-
ished about the 6th century B.a He incul-
cated the doctrine of an eternal, self-existing.
Supreme Being, frt>m whom every^ing else
has its origin ; and from whom are sprung two
antagonist powers — Ormusd, the source of all
good, and Ahriman, the source of all evil ;
of which, however, the former, though this
point be extremely obscure, is destined, in the
end, to obtain the ascendancy. The doctrines
of original sin, the immortality of the soul,
the happiness of the ^>ood and the misery of
the bad in another hfe, are all laid down by
Zoroaster. But the distinctive feature in the
reli^on of the Persian sage is the extreme vene-
ration paid to fire, Uffht, and beat, which he
regarded as symbolical of the Divinity.
*' O'eat par lui que tout respire ; la terre lui
doit sa fecondite; 1' animal, eon existence;
Tarbre, sa v6g6tation. Non settlement il
anime les dtres, il forme encore leuis rapports,
et son action, par consequent, n'est pas moins
ancienne que le monde.* (Pastoret, Zoroaster
and Confricius, p. 30.) Herodotus says tiiat
the ancient Persians neither erected temples
nor statues to their gods, but sacrificed to them
on the tops of mountains, o^ other high
places. (Herod, lib. i. cap. 131.) They h^,
also, the singular, and, as it appears to us,
barbarous custom of ezposinf tne bodies of
the dead to be daroured by oirds. (Herod,
lib. i. eap. 140.) Niebuhr distinctly states
that this custom was observed in his time by
the Parsees at Bombay. (Voyage en Arabic,
ii. 93.) The Magi. had great influence. The
Zmd Aveata, the most important work on the
religion of the Parsees, was translated and
published in three vols. 4to. by Anquetil du
Perron in 1771 ; but it is believed by some of
the ablest critics, that the most ancient portion
of this work is long posterior to the age of
Zoroaster.
majawwaf, part pass. Hollow,
vaulted, concave. [gems.
mtifawhar, Adorned or set with
l^
(840)
U^
mujoKKagf Equipped, fitted out;
rigged and armed (a ship).
J^^^ majhiid, One's utmoBt ability.
JjfB^ mqfhulf Unknown. The passive
Toice.
i^cr* mqfi, part. Coming, atriying.
Bringing, adducing. ArriyaJL
w^ mufibf part. Listening to, grant-
ing, complying with, consenting. An auditor.
Oiring an anawer.
Juicr* tnafld, Saored. Glorions, honour-
able, noble. Ouj«^\ ^7^^ The most
glorionf God. * [preerion.
j0js^ mm^ry part. Protecting against op-
mnQlg^ part. Permitting, giving
leare, approring. Granting tiberty, giring
i^narter. Learinj^ behind, reunqnishing. Cut-
ting off. Allowing to eome and |[0. Send-
ing, tranimitting; diamiwing ; giring way;
canaing to penelnle.
{Ji^iS^ mujaffifM,fBTt. Baisinganarmy.
wsr^ tnafi^, Milk and dates. Muft^
part. Starring, clinging with hanger.
imMBT* fnuflff port. Concave, hollow.
Penetrating to a cavity (when digging, etc.)*
Shntting.
bls:^ muhdhd, Bespeot, regard. Wink-
ing at, connirance.
^liT^ muhdhahat, Loving, showing le-
' gard, cultiTafting friendah^.
^_"*^^^ muhdhlh (pL of (mm^^T^ or
fem. ^4*^^^), Lovers, friends, mis-
M «
muhdjlfai, Pleading a cause;
bringing proofii.
S^lsr* muhdjioat, Prohibiting, taking
one from another (to prevent fighting).
ljj\s:f^ muhddatat, Conversation, narra-
tion.
ifl jlsr* muhdidt, Answering to; opposite.
v^jlf^ mahd%l, Opposite objects.
i^j{sr^ muhdrtb, part. A warrior, a
combatant. ^j\x^ n^uhdrahat, War,
battle, combatb
JjW* muhdri%, part. A keeper, gnardian,
goTemor.
^^W« muhdrim'{^\. of JU^^r^), Things
unlawful.
\ss^ muhdiib, part. A keeper or
settler of accounti ; calculating, computing.,
LmAsr^ muhdiohai, Computation, calcu-
lation.
LAs:^ m%hd$taif A cuny-oomb.
^Ur« mMLnn (pi. of ^^^**^>-)9 Good
workSflaudable actions, rirtuea, merits, benefits.
^LiJ\,\ >1 Jij\ ^ ^\ j^^ ^j
JUOtj, There was not one of the
children of the inhabitants of the city, men
and women, that talked not of the charms of
that boy, for he was of surpassing loTelinesa
and perfection.
jtAsT^ mahdiir, part. Surrounding, be-
sieging. ijAmi^ muhdiorat, A si^ge,
droumyaUation, blockade.
LW* muhdt, part. pass. Surrounded,
comprehended.
laiW* muhdJU, part. A commander,
goTcmor, defender, guatd, keeper.
£laiW* muAdfauatf Custody, preserva-
tion, guardianship. J^S LtJiW iyii\
jLII a^U^ al hiuHii aidtdmah U oftZ
mithdfaMt al bilSdf The force necessary for
the defence of the country.
Jj lsr« moAo/ff (pLof Jis^ ), Assemblies.
jUr^ mahdh, Total disappearance of the
moon at the end of a lunation.
i4^\s^muhdkamaif Citingbeforeajudge.
Jlfi^ mahdl (and Illd^), Fraud, art,
machination. ii\sf*i, Undoubtedly.
Muhdl, Impossible, absurd. L^ UjJ
JUr* IjJjJl ^, We alighted here,
then we departed : such is the world (such ia
life) — a landing followed by departure. And
yet men think wat there is permanency in the
world, whilst the permanency of men in the
world is a mere impoMbiUty.
CLJjIUr* muhdldt (pL fem. of JW*
muhai), Impossibilities.
AflllsT* muhdla/ai. Entering into an
agreement, confirming by oath.
(341)
«uU^ mnkimai, Ltndftble actidns, etc.
ij^ imAiiMrai, A dialogae, conver-
mMib, part A loTer, a friend.
jjUI w^ or ^jA^\ w^,
ftiod, ft node <tf sabMriUng
tumBir letten). *
pan.|n.Bel0T6d.
a% baerolaiod. JJ ^1 ^^..^JlcI
\^. Ui jLcui 4^, 0 my
■Afffbow tint I have remembered a damsel
0^ Ae danliitf the tea, iiBlaUe to thy ton ;
te I far to mealioa ber, lert thj son sbould
h snke, nd his heart should oe entangled
by tow «f her.
)j^mMM$,A priam, plaoe of can-
i^ mMH, part. Impr^nating.
H^t^ wtakM, 3eloTedy amiable,
tffcimsie, beantifiiL A swectfaesrt, nustnss,
Vy cJL&^ Wr^» '^^ ^ beloyed
y to pot on ber dress, and fonnd it not.
1 baegpoB ibe eried oat, and slapped ber fsee^
/adtoreberdotiue.
'^.^ mMM^ah, AmiabiUty. The
!■% of OM who incizes loTe in ererj one.
y "bred, vbo is possessed of the q[nality of
*^anf lore in erery one.
fk^mMu, Detained, anreated, oon-
^a^riaoDed.
1^^ mahidj\ part. Necessitoas, in
v«to( indigent U-b.^^ uu^ U^
j>i>> ^ ^JL-Jl c:^^ jJUJI
v^fiot in vsBt of snytbing, either of money,
^9i, tr Berabiiidise. I repented of my
^*^ gone forth firom my air, and set ont
«»'»Jip»wttie8sa.
muUdi, part Borronnded, be-
sii^ed.
Jli^r* muhtdl, part. A deceiver. *Jb
^j)l:[Lsf* Aiim iMcMl/aii, They are
▼ery artfiiL
^/^^s>^ muktahtif part act Containing,
imprisoning, detaining. MuhtabM, pazt. pass.
Contained, detained, imprisoned.
UyAfCVa^ ifitfA^ad, part. Veiled, retired,
seqaertered.
fnuhiadd, part. Keen, Teh^nent,
fierce (in anger or in battle); precipitate,
impetoons. [ing.
IT, part. Shunning, cantion-
muhtart%, part Safe, caatiooa,
earefnl.
yj^^Js^ mMaroi, part. pass. Guarded,
preserved. MuktaH^ part set Gnarding
i^ainat. \j^ trj^ (^J^ *^*
r^tf/ muktaritjiddan, He is a very careful man. .
y^^^ muhtarii, part. Full of derire.
Stndiovs, stndying or endesTonring to do.
J/'J^ rniMaridt, part. Sondled, burnt.
j^j:,s:^muhiaramf part» Honoured, vener-
able, sacred, reyered. CJ^JjXa ^^
d^j\je> J c,,.^juiH, And at the upper
end of that chamber was a great and Tcner-
able man, in the aides of whose beard grey
bain had begun to appear.
muhianm, part Sorrowful.
nmhtsM, part. The superin-
tendent of provisions, who examines the
welghtS) etc. An accountant
wS^s:^ muhtoihm, part. Bashful (from
respect). [arms, embracing.
muMadinf part. Taking in the
muhtaj», Fieserving. Cautioua.
muMaJU, part Assembling, meet-
ing together.
mtihtakir, part One who despiie%
Muktakar^ One who is demised.
J^:.^^ muhiMr, One who keeps back
provisions from market in hopes of creating a
scarcity, and selling deer.
J^si^ muhtaUm^ part. Dreaming.
J^4Aaf^ m¥iM0malf part Suspected, cob-
(342)
jeotnred. Hoped for, probable. MMamilf
part. act. Sofferizig patiently. izJLiS^^
muMamilat, Things poesible.
^^^c^*^ muhtami, One who avoids hurtful
articles of food, or diet
i^jr^ Muhiawif part. Collecting, as-
sembling, comprehending, embracing, ooea*
Pying.
-p.Ls^^ mihfdj, A quarrelsome litigious
man. An instniment for lerelling or smooth-
ing ground.
-js^ mahfar^ The circuit of a town or
territory. The socket, enTirons, or oomer of
the eye. Stony, rocky.
J.s^^ muhajjali (A horse) having one
hind foot white (if all the four are white it is
expressed by ^,J^ t)-?^* I^ t^® *^o
hind and one fore llM\ JsF^, If
the hind right ^^y^l J-f^* ^®
leftc^r;M*J1 iJi:F^),Muhajlfal, Shining,
splendid (applied to the blest in heayen).
^'ys:^ tnahfuh (fern. i>s:*^), Veiled,
coyered, retired.
Ci^Jcfir* muhdih, part. Giving a propen-
sity or inclination. Making hnmpbaeked;
raising the back: making anything gibbons
or convex. L^*Xsf* tnuhadtM, part,
pass. Gonrex, gibbons.
K^jJkK^ muKdis, part. An inventor, an
innoTator, a oontroverter.
CjA<*^ muhaddu, part A narrator, re-
later. An anthor who treats of the acts and
words of Muhammed. (^«X^ muhdoi,
Created, not eternal ; new, recent (not ancient).
JA&^ muhaddad, part. pass. Limited.
JJl^ muhaddid, A tracer of limits and
boundaries.
i^A^ mahdud, Limited, bounded; few
in number, small in extent. ^ J^iX^
mahdudiyah, Determinateness.
Jk^ mah%Ur, A defect to he guarded
against, an objection.
mahzitriyah, Caution. Terror.
uJjiXc^ mahsmf, Taken away, out off
(as a syllable from a word, or a foot from a
Terse V Understood, not expressed (a word) ;
elided (a letter).
1.«r^ mthrdh, The principal place in
J3
^.J3
a mosque, where*the priest prays to the people
with his fJEU^e turned towards Mecca ; a kind
of high altar. The chief seat at an enter-
tainment, etc The royal closet or chamber.
d^Lsr^ miJirdkf A coal-rake or malkin
for ovens.
jjS^ fnuharrir, part. A Writer, account-
ant. IfMAorrar, part. pass. Written, inscribed.
y^jS^ nwhrik, part. Incentive, giving
warmth, burning. Muhrak, Inflamed, burn-
ing. iSjSi^, A whole burnt-offering,
a holocaust
il^^s^ muharrik, part. Moving, putting
in commotion. A mover, a persuader. An
inciter. Marking (a consonant) with a yowel.
i^^Jsi^, The movable power. \lSjS^
^L:ji!l, An exciter of sedition. CS^j^
jluuill, The promoter of mischief,
tumult, insurrection, or war.
AjSif* mahram (pi. ^}^^\ TJnlawful,
forbidden. Any one to whom the |*^
lutram or women's apartments are open (as a
father, son, etc.). (*r^ muharrim^
part. Forbidding, interdicting. Mukarram^
The fiist month of the Muhammadan year,
during which fighting is prohibited.
%2j\^jSf^ muharramdt (pi. fem. of ^^s^),
Things prohibited. [kerchief.
L^^s^ makramat (pi. i^l^), A hand-
jjjs^ tnahrUr, Freed from being a slave.
Hot,choleric,ftirious,Libidinous. jjj^
^h^il. Of a warm complexion.
{jM^jS!^ mahr^f Guarded, preserved.
i^t^js:^, A garrisoned city, a capital,
tiie metropolis of an empire.
lJi^js:^ mahritf, Inverted, changed.
^yj^ mahr^k (fem. ijj|^^«4). Burnt,
inflamed.
^^jS^ maht^m^ Prohibited, forbidden ;
debarred, excluded, frustrated, disajmointed,
repulsed ; depriyed of the support of life, un-
fortunate, spoiled, plundered.
l^^jS^ mdhrikmiifah^ Privation.
^j^J^maAstln, Vexed, afflicted, grieved,
^jj^ My^\ l:uJ\ 1 jUS limdaA ami al
yawm wiohzun^ Why are you yezed to-day F
(843)
Lj^Js^wttkMnijfakf A general feeling
of(»>n8terDation. ^%^ \— y • XJU «3Jb
^■Bonfil, Thjf calamitj hMcanfeda poblie
c^ wAnmi^ Anything horning or
dotnTiBg (herbage), Mikaaai (or
^;*^, A emrj-oomh.
^.-^ fliAiMiy part Doing well, bene-
i^ ^^'^^'^ mwhamn, part Acting
properij. Approving. CJ^Lyuucr* (fern.
pL),Benitifii]cfaa8teladiea.4lX!Ll\ ^\(^
^^-Uliar^^, And the king was
^^cu&cot to ilie people, eonrteoiu in ipeech,
^ Md nneereiy good end kind, tajing
Mtioaf Vat what was fbr the welfare ana the
N«thepeo|^
M)«s^ MiAi«^, Computed, nnmbered.
^w* MflAfe^fyo/, The state of one
*t0 eoaadsi himaelf as the protected of a
pnt pcnonige. DeTOtedne«» derotion.
of fit beiitf the moat deroted oenrant of your
acdkaqT
-f-^ mthlkd. Envied. ^jJytxsT'
****Mtfif»i, A feeling of euTj against sao-
«»aipro^erity.
wt;-***^ MoAtiUy Ferceiyed, felt.
*ry^ muhtOnj^ahf Sensibleness.
j^ MiAaAsr and jMOfAtr, A place of
<"^%; th« List Judgment.
f^ wtUtMy port. Holding in xere-
^^hoaoaring.
^ mktad, A reaping-sickle.
J<^ mAmiiZ, part A ooUector of
^<*ttai MiAmmI, part. pass. Collected,
''^^snd, bnmgfaft together.
c"^ MfiMnm, Ghiarded round about,
'inuw, dboeet women.
*W «wArt4, Cut down. Harrest
jya^ mahH^, Besieged, snrroanded.
Detained, xestrained, oompremed.
Jj.a^ mahiQl, Collected. The harvest,
the gathering of frniti ; the prodnce or sam
of anything. tzJi^^a^ (pi. fbm.).
Com, fniitk
^y^s^ mahiitn, Fortified. i^yoE^
makmnisfah, iAk} umI^ ^ali!\ iJJb
^Itocf^l htmih al hd^t kdnat hi*
^kSfoi «/ maAMunifoK, This fortress was in
the best state of fortiiloation; the same like
A\C^m»i\ iAk) or ^m,a^\ iAk) highd'
put ml itiihkam or higkayait ul tahtm,
^jASf* mahdf Fore, unmixed. Only,
mere, simple. Sincere.
yi^^ mahdar, (Boyal) presence, ap-
peaiaooe. A general suppUoation or petition,
signed bv a bodj of people. Muhdirf part.
A maee-oearer, serjeant, lictor, or officer ap-
pointed to cite before a judge.
kcr^ nuihaUf The end of a period or
sentenee, a fill point The place where people
deposit their baggage when alighting oil a
jonmey.
jjjo^ ffuiAsflr, Forbidden, unlawful.
CL:\j^tis.^ (pi. fern.). Illicit things.
Iff^lisr* ffitfXsfls, Olad, cheerfiil, contented,
pleased, delighted. )ojaa:^j^i Dis-
contented.
K^^x^ malMxy^a\ Gladness, cheerful-
ness. U^J^lil^LulJ^^jJ^nijb
hata a/ khabar kad M^aramt bighayat al
mahsutiffah^ This news has caused as the
greatest gladness.
i)^^ mtifol, part Freferring or favour-
ing (one beyond others).
ijLs^ mihaffatf A species of travelling
litter or conch for the women, resembling the
..Jftii, but not arched.
iioAsr* makjma^ A case for protecting
anything.
Ji«^ mahfX^ A place or time of meet-
ing, an assembly, congregation, council,
conrention, congress, sode^, chorus. A
pulpit, a tribunal. LiAJl Jis:^, A
court of justice, the tribunal of the Oadi or
judge.
)o^LS^ maA/tBs, Guarded, preserved, kept
safe. Committed to memory.
J*^
(344)
(^
* mahf&f, Coyered, enveloped,
girt, encompaaaed. ^
muhftf part. Barefoot, unshod.
z:^ muhkid, part. Causing hatred.
muhkir, part. Despising, y^^,
muhakkar, part pass. dispiMd. Boor, low,
humble, oontemptiDle.
ijAs:^ mahkarat, See ij\j^. IJLg^
muhittkaratf Deapioable thinga, taiflaa.
fjAs:^ mukakkH, part. Yerifyingi affirm-
ing, confirming. An aaaertor of tnith, a philo-
aopber.
^^^Asr* mthkan, A glyster-hag, or the
pipe. Muhkifif pari. Bestraining (urine).
mihkanah, A syringe.
tnahik, partBrawling, awraogler.
mahakkf A tonchstone.
Ss^ muhkim, part. Strengthening, con-
^firming. MuMum, part. paaa. Fortified,
atrengthened, firm, robnat.
JuCc^ fMhhamai, A trihnnal,* a oonrt of
jnatice, a town-houae or hall.
CJ^j^ mahkuk, Erased, cancelled.
(^^^s^ mahHm, Sahjected, under com-
mand. Ordered, commanded, ordained.
iJLz^yLs^, Jodicially condemned,
aentenoed.
^J^s^ mahJiA, Belated, ' told, written.
dUc jX^f That which is told of him.
J.«r* mahal, A place, post, situation,
atation, district, quarter. Time, opportunity.
Acconmiodatad, adapted, oppratone^ auitable,
apropos. ^T J^^jVi In another
place. ^T Jat^ ^^, From another
place. ^T J«^ ^\ J^j^f Sent to
another place.
-.)Ila£^ miMdj, An iron instrument with
which they separate cotton firom the aeeds.
(^^\s^ mahlab, A species of grain re*
'semblin^ cherry-stones, growing in Aderbijan
(Armenia).
lls^ mahaOat (pi. CL^lsr^ mahaUdi), A
quarter of a city, a pariah; an inn, any en-
oampment or halting-plaoe for traToUera.
mihlii for ia^'^^), A wooden
^.
table on which they separate the cotton from
the aecd.
mMif, part KxaetiTig an
binding one by it. A doubtful afiair,
which people swear ^flexuitly.
jl«^ nmhattU, Solving ;
rondariag jnalioe.
J^Lsr^ maMiU, Loosed, absolved.
aoWed, untied, Taoani (a plaea«f «iiploT)k|
A^ mahaiU (pL izJis^ mAdm]
parish, a quarter or locality of a town.
^Xs^ muhaUa\ part. pass. PoUj
adorned, dressed ; illuatrioos, ornamented^
jewela, elegant, laudable, agreeable.
Ju4j;r* mukmidt part. act. Acting
ably, meriting commendation.
Ju4«^ Muhammad, A proper name,
ticularly that of the great Arabian
which, by Europeans, ia yarionaly i
nronounced aa Mahommed, Mahomet,
Mehmet.
Ali Paaha, YioerOT of EgyD^ the modt
|[reat reformer of £gypt, waa Dom at CtT«
m BoumeUa, a part of JBuropean Turkey. 1
parenta were oi a humble condition of li
He waa the youngeat of hia aixteen brotl;
and siitera. He entered flie Tockish ara|
a common aoldier, and thia waa the ^heit
life in which he waa ealeulated to shine. 1
high qualities aoon attracted the atta&tioa
hia auperiora and the Sultan himidt i
haying attained a prominent position in
ware that diatraoted Egypt ondar the Hi
Inks, he rose to be Viceroy of £g}}>i He i
establidied a regularly-paid, djiaeqilined d
tary force, on the European plan, and uni
lated the Mamluka (1811),— that remnant b*
of tyranta, which, aince the da^ of Salii
had goTcmed Egypt by OTenwing the vi
regal authority, — and thua he became the
controlled kra of the land of the Fhanu
Ptolemiea, Cnaats, and Calipha. By the str
neas of his goyemment he renderea E^i
sale to trayeUera aa any ordinary citu
country. Agriculture, commerce, miani
turca all engaged bis attention, and he ]
digioualy adyanoed the cause of ciyiliu}
and improyement in Egypt, and opened
way fbr further and more important refti
He considerably extended its bonndariei, c
into Aaia ; but in 1840 waa dispoaseased of
Aaiatic oonqueata. The Treaty of Low
howeyer, in 1841, confirmed the yioeroytlt
Egypt to him and hta desoendanta. Sinee
estaoliahment of regular ateam-packala in
Mediterranean and the Indian Oooan, and
gradual deyelopment of ita railway sytl
gypt haa become the highiray to It
not only to moat trayeUers, but alao lor
general oorrespondenoe of Europe. — ^b. 1*
D. 1849.
Jj)1 dj^s^ ^^UaU!, Mahomet I., I
r*
(345)
r*
ttd foemdad lug brother Moma in 1413.
He IT wtiMMifd the glory of the Ottoman
Imptt, wideh had beoi ntaged hy Tamer-
lae, ad bud the nal of goTemment at
MuKfle, where he died, in 1421« i^ 47.
Jbll UsB^ JiLJ\, Mahomet n. mo-
vM hif Ather, Aaranth IL, in 1461. He
BideBttTeono«»ti> and waa the ftnt irho
anaed oe tide of grand ognior. After a
hof fadiielodoas eareec, he died aa lie waa
ibott t» IbmI in attack against the Knigh«a of
8t JAi, It Bhodei. Mdiomet it eaid to
^e bn a freethinker, and to haTO ridi-
nU Aim^huol the religion in which he wie
ivv^o. His Ictten,tnuiekted into Latin,
vwifiUahcd in IdSO. n. 1429; b. 1481.
t^'^lljLiA-^^iyuJt, Mahomet HI.
ttMUUi frthor, Amnnth III., In li95w
Hi fnimnfaecd hii reign by strangling nine-
*9 oHdi brodieny and drowning ten of his
^a"! wivei. He entered Hnngary, took
'^m by ca^tnlation, and then massacred
1^. «1m^ nrrison. The Archdnke Maxi-
■iaa naidbed against him, and needy ob-
^oai a eonmlete Tictory, when Mahometi
«w hA Dsde a ftlse reb^at, suddflnly re-
M to the diatge, and routed the Im-
pnfi^ He waa allarwaidi less snoeessM,
■^ oUiged to sue for peace to the Chris-
te pnneei wboee atatas he had rayaged.
M803. ^
wyiju^^lUuJl, MahomotIV.be.
^a Enperar in 1649, after the tragical death
^Mer; Ibrahim L The Turks were at
v tine eanged in a war with the Venetians,
■d ude tewelw marteia «f the Iile of
^ in 1669, after losing 100,000 men.
uhoMt Biardied in person agtinst Poland,
■i hsfisg taken sereral jplaoea, made peace
^ tkst coontry, on conmtion of an annual
^^ being pud to him. John 8obieski,
^ntted it dug treaty, raised an amy, and
wjen Mowing defeated the Turks near
^^^tOBL He aiio obtained a number of
*^>dTiBt«ges over them, and a peace was
•vended, bvonraUe to Poland, in 1676. In
^ the Toriu laid siege to Vienna, on which
wteAiMwhed to ita ralid; and routed the
""■(Ctn. The year following, a league was
■MiBtD against the Turks, between the
^eror, the King of Poland, and the Vene-
^ ThejaniMaiiea, attributing their mis-
"tei t» the indolenoe of the Sultan, de-
M \m in 1687> and gaye the sceptre
I^Bhnither Solyman III., who sent him to
"f wae priaon wnenoe he himself had been
Itahomei died there 1691.
^,Uc« JMsmmadl, Muhammadan.
kUc^ makml, That by whioh anything
ii morted; thai which £utens the two loads
« a csbmL Mmkmml, A Utter for traTelting
a » OBid ; a eorering for the aaoed buUding
at Meoba. JiJi^ nmktimmil, part.
Bearing; a carrier.
4>^4kC^ Mahmndf Praised. Worthy, hiiid-
able. A proper name.
t^yks^ ^UaLJfy Mahmond, the founder
of the Gasneride dynasty, obtained from Ileh-
khan the empire of Khoraasan, in 997. He
extended his territories by conquest, and
formed a rest kingdom, extending from the
banks of the Oanges to the Caspian Sea. He
held his court at Balkh and Ghisni, and waa
the 6nt Bastem potentate who took the titia
of sultan (emperor) instead of emir (com-
manderV which had been prerioualy borne by
hia preaeceania. d. 1030.
Mahmond L* sometimes called Mahomet V.,
Sultan of the Ottoman Turks, was son of
Mustapha, and ascended the throne at Con-
stantinople in 1730. He, however, interfered
but little in the goTcntmeiit of his kingdnm,
choosing rather to Utc a life of luxury, while
the cares of state darolTcd vb^vl his aanisian.
B. 1696; D. 1764.
JI2JI i^yAS^ ^UaUl , Mahmond U.,
Sultan of Turkey, was placed upon the throne
by Mustapha Baihiktar, chief of the janiasariea,
in 1808. Under his reign, despite his greatest
exertions, the decadence of Turkey was greatly
aooeleiatBd. In 1812 Besaarabia wia oadad
to Buasia by the peace of Bucharest. Between
the ywrs 01 1812 and 1817, Serria, Moldavia,
and Wallaehia were evacuated, and the Ionian
Islands proclaimed their independence. In
1820 Qftieo^ broke out into insurrection, and,
after a struggle of eight years, threw off the
Turldsh yjMLe. A fresh war next broke out
between Turkey and Bussia, and the latter
power was only prevented from taking posses-
sion of Constantinople by the intervention of
the Earopean powers, which brought about
the peace of Adiianople, in 1829. During
this time, Ali, Pasha of Janina, had defied the
Sultan, and Mehemet Ali, Pasha of Bgypt,
had rendered himself independent. The ex-
termination of the janissaries in 1826, and the
introductien of some details of civilization^
weakened the Turkish power, but did not
benefit Mahmond. In 1833 he was thrice de-
feated bv the B^ptians, and the treaty of
Unkiar-skdeasi lut him at the mercy of Bus-
sia. Be was about to ea^sge in a new war
with Mehemet AU when his death took place.
B. 1785 ; D. 1889.— He was succeeded by his
eldest son, Abdul- Mejid.
lft}yksr^ mahmiLdi, Scammony.
J^Asr* mahmiil, Loaded, charged, car-
ried. A cargo, burden. Lading. [fever.
A^^iAr* makmiim, Fereriah, haying the
^^4kC^ maimt, Froteoted, guarded. A
It*
(346)
protected citr, %.$. a metropoliB or other dis-
tiogiiiBhed plaoe.
tnuhanna', Bent, crooked, hooked.
mihnat (pi. ^^jsr^ mthan), Calamity,
misfortune, afflictioii, muery, evil, trial, tempt-
ation, troable, perplexity. Borrow.
i-Ocs:^ muhnist part. Wicked, perjured.
An infamooB villain, a catamite.
muhannit, part. Barying the dead
vitii odours.
maAtt', Erasing, cancelling, obliterat-
ing, defiicing, annulling, effacing, annihilating.
ijsr^ mahwat, An erasure, defacement
jysf^ mihwar, The axis (of a pulley).
k^ar^ muhawwiif One who surrounds
with a fence. MuhawuHUf Sunonnded by a
walL
^^s^ mahy, Erasing.
Lsr^ mahyd, and l<^ fndhya\ The
face. J-^t (^W? fnahyahm ajja-
mi(^ Tour beautiM fiioe.
«Xj«^ mahld^ A bend or curvature.
Muhyid or mtiAn^ part Arerting.
jt^sf^ muhayyir, part. Astonishing, amaz-
ing.
)a^^ muhltf part. Containing, surround-
ing, embracing, la^^] j^\, The
ocean.
j^^-j«r* muhyi and L^, part Eeviv-
ing, giving life, ij^*^ muhayyi,
part Saluting or creating a king by pronounc-
ing iOJVcJUa., May God give you life!
^ mukh (pi. ^Uf* mikhakh), The brain,
marrow, pulp.
Li^ Mokha, Kokha, a city of Yemen,
in Arabia, the principal port on the Bed Sea,
fifty-five miles fiom the Strait of Babelmandab.
The appearanoe of the town from ^e sea is
handsome, haying all its buildings white-
washed, and three minarots of considerable
height ; while the dead line of the fiat roofs
which are employed in all Mahometan cities
is broken by serend elegantly-bnilt mauso-
leums. The interior is, however, filthy, and
many of the habitations are in a decayea state.
The best houses, in general, are those facing
the sea. The main and almost sole staple of
Mokha is coffee, for which this part of Arabia
is famed; also gum-arabic, myrrh, IWmkin-
oense, balm of Gilead, senna, sharks' fins,
rhinoceros* horns and hides, acacia, and oivet
Bfp. 7000. The counby of Mokha is situate
in the S.W. of Abyssinia.
^Isr^ mukhdbarah, Correspondence by
letter or message.
^ictAs^ mukhdda^t, Deceiving, circum-
venting. ^\ c-.-i^l ^\y iSi ^JJj
^iXsL iji ^ Q*Xar\ ^^t cjU. ^^
^jb«]U ^cacu^J s-^' (•^^V* Btt^
he had road in books, that if any one attempt to
beguile the lion, he may be lieguiled by him
with kind words, and be rondoed gentle by
praise.
J^ jlsr* nuMStU, Mean men, therabble.
Destitute, poor, indigent.
^ jlir* makhdrij (pi. of ^^i^ mdkkraf).
Places of issue, issues, outlets. The different
parts of the organs of speech, from whence the
sounds of the several letters, or classes of letters,
are derived.
^j\^ makhdzin (pi. of ^^jif^), Store-
houses. 4^^^ <u*4^ 4id^^b!1 \jjb
hawSttqfir tahu kham§ai makkatin^ This mer-
chant has five storehouses. [toitious.
A^tfUe^ miukh&nmf part. Adverse, con-
iAi^\ii^m\ikha9amatf Animosity, enmity,
altercation, competition, contrast, oppositioii.
Contention.
f^\s^ maihdd, The pains of birth.
tlsr^ mukhdt, The mucus of the nose.
^.^.J^lsr^ mukh&ttb, part. act. A speaker,
one who converses with or addresses another.
Mukhatttbf part pass. One to whom another
speaks. The second person.
aJffUr^ mukhatabaty Speaking, speech,
discourse, conversation.
ije\i:^ mukhdtarat, Danger, peril, risk,
hasard. Hazarding a battle.
L3\sf^ makhAfat, Fear, terror. (jm\j
i^\ XiLc^ X«il^l rdsul hihmaii muk-
hafat uUah, The b^inning of wisdom is the
fear of God.
L^l^ tnahhdiib, Hooked talons, the
claws of rapacious birds or beasts. Aj \ j^
v/ u^j'i^ *^j ^ cr* ^ ^^^
ij^^ aJJl af4,hr JL* ^ UU
^ •• • Mm ^
(847)
y^\ JL>-U1 ^t/ Then it took eome-
thing from the fanca of the earth in its talons,
and ioai«d to the upper region of the sVr;
and I looked attentiydy at toat thing, and lo,
it was a serpent of enormons size, of great
body, which it had taken and carried off to
the dy towards the sea.
JudSli^ rnvJchdlMot^ Sincerity, candour,
nnfeigned affection ; acting candidly.
JLyisr^ mukhalatat, ConvenatioD, com-
merce, mixtnre. Conyersing, mixing together
in society.
1^1^ mukhdlif, part. Contrary, oppo-
site, repugnant, adyene, dissentient, con-
tiadicting.
XfllUr^ mukh&lifiUy Eepngnance, con-
tradiction, opposition, contrariety, transgres-
sion, cUsobedience, oontrayention, rebellion.
«3J<J (J/|yb (^U^y Constrain your
inclination, and you will be conducted well.
Jlir* makUU (pi. of m^ mikhldt),
Ptoyender bags hung round a horse's mouth.
iti^lsr^ mukhdwadatf Entering or pass-
ing through (water). Plunging or encounter-
ing (business or danger).
uJjlsr^ makhdmf, Dangerous or dread-
ful places. ^uJoc uJjlsf* ^ U*al.jw
khaUasana tnin makhawif {^ocFmaA, He sayed
us from dreadful dangers.
ijjlsr^ makhdytl, Marks, indexes, ob-
seryations. Imaginations. Signs, ideas.
makhhd, A place where anything
is hid or laid up.
makhbar and ij^^t The know-
ledge of anything by evidence or declaration.
A place of trial or probation. Mukhbir^ nart.
Announcing, signifying, certifying, telling
news. [most excellent.
mukhtdr, part. Chosen, selected,
jw» mehkitar^ Mechitar, or Mekhitar,
the founder of the order of Mechitarists, and
reyiyer of Armenian literature. In 1691 he
entered an Armenian conyent at Sebaste,^ and
subsequently became secretary to Archbishop
MichaeL Meeting with a work by an Italian
priest on the reconciliation of the Armenian
Ghuxxdi with that of Some, he secretly be-
came a proselyte to the latter church.^ In
1700 he sought to reconcile the two parties of
the Armenian priesthood at Constantinople;
but, meeting with little success, he openly
preached submission to the Pope. The Arme-
nians were so enraged at this, that, to saye his
life, Mediitar was comnelled to fly from the
city. He went first to Smyrna, ana afterwards
to tiie Morea, then under the dominion of
Venice. On the conquest of the Morea by tl(f
Turks, he went to Venice, where he was per-
mitted to found a conyent, wherein he set up
a printing-press, which, in his hands and iA
those of his followers, luis produced hundreds
of yolumes in the form of Armenian transla-
tions of the best works in European literature.
The Armenian missionaries are an increasing
body at the present day, and, in addition to
the Venetian establishments, haye branches at
Paris and Constantinople. Mechitar published
an Armenian Bible in 1733, and an Armenian
Grammar and Dictionary, b. at Sebaste,
Cappadocia, 1676 \ d. 1749.
Jlii^ mukhtah part. Self-important,
haughty, yain, looking round in self -admiration.
j^s^mukhtahir, part. Expert, intelligent.
^■cr^ mukhiabl, part Hid, concealed,
*' lurking.
cjcir* tnukMada^, Deceived, circum-
vented, [author.
tnukhiari^, part. An inventor, an
mukhtaihi^, Hnmble, humbled.
mukhtaSf Appropriated, propet,
Seculiar. Chosen, selected, elected. Private,
omestic.
mukhtoiib, Fruitful, plentiful.
fnukhtMOTy part. pass. Abbre-
yiated, abridged, contracted, a compendium,
an epitome, a digest,
.tfiiTT* muihta^f part. Castrating (a
horse, etc.). Castrating himself.
■^■„if^ mukhtadi^ Humble, depressed,
submissiye. [carrying off.
s.^ mukhiatif, Snatching, seizing,
mukhtafi, Hid ; absconding^
^lurking.
Jxir* mukhtal, part. pass. Emaciated,
attenuated. Corrupted; disturbed, confused,
deprayed; ruined (as any business by negli-
gence, etc).
yJzJs^ mukhtalis, part. Seizing, snatch-
ing, drawing to oneself, stealing.
\Jb^ mukhtalat, Perplexed, confoodd
(business).
•JcLsr^ mukhtali^, Eepudiated (as a wife,
either with or without her marriage settle-
ments).
u-fll^Lir^ mulehtalif, part. Diverse, rent,
discordant, various. iSli-^l c>^^*^
JtcUJ^ yat^atan aan&fan mukMd^M^
They deal in various articles.
(348)
i^J «^\ ia^\j <uLe u:^ lilCS J.
L^i >yUl , And after that there blew
upon him the odour of ddicious, ozouiiriite
▼iandfl, of all different kinds, aad of ddieioiu
Wie,
^^^IcLsr^ mukhtah, part. Being alone (with
- another) in a retod place.
jAS.^ mtikhtamir, part Fermented.
Feimenting (wine); leavening a man of
paste. Altered in smell or flarour.
JnC^ir^ mtMtanak, Strangled, choked.
(^f^ mahMnmj Signed, sealed, i^^fi,^
(^fi^ ^^y fnaktiib tawnyah makh'
turn, A letter of introdaetion sealed.
tnakhiUHf CiroamciBed.
mukhfil, part. Making ashamed.
Aatonishing, confoondiBg.
ijiXs^ mukhaddarat, A matron, a vir-
tuous lad^jT (true to the marriage bed, and
alwBTs reiled when going abroM) ; a young
girl Kept retired, behind tne curtain.
c «x^ nuMda^, A room, a bedroom, a
studio, c Jkir^ mukhaddi^f part. De-
oeiying remarkably.
LJt
^^jcs-' mukh^ddm. Having many do-
mestics or followers.
/^^*^^^^" n^akhdUm, A lord, a master, one
who is serred (either by slaves or demons).
J^ Jlst* makkmlf Abandoned, forsaken ;
disapDointed, frustrated; contemptible. Tile,
wretcned.
mukhrib, part. Desolating, laying
waste ; a destroyer, ^j^ mukharrib,
part Destroying all around, fu and wide.
'r:j^ fMhhraj, An issue, outlet. Any
part of the organs of speech where the sound
of a letter is formed ; one of the decrees con-
ferred upon the ^ulama or doctors of Muham-
medan law and divinity.
jji^ mMrM, A shoemaker's awl.
s^^jS^ makhr^b, Laid waste, destroyed,
plundered.
^^ji^ makhrUt, Unbarked,peeled,planed,
turned in a loom.
i^js^ makkumy A store-hoose, a maga-
zine, a granaryi a cellar, ^jj^"^! \ JJb
1^ kaadJ makhum lOHrd^TlaM
house to be let i^s^S^jj^tJ)^
ft nudkkmm mtSk iatirmhf Then ii
goods in my store-house, j]/^^^ mji
A repository, or keeper of
halagKant ^aia^ an ^indaka mal kathmakM
I am told that you have much goods liil
in your store-house.
^j^ motAsilfi, Laid up in a stoi
house. Concealed (secret). i
i^Js^ mukhaf part Affecting «i
shame or igiiomiiiQf . Deqpiring ; depnd
afflicting, ruining.
)y*t^ mMMTf Injured, damaged.
khauarah fjtU^ Aaxa/ mal al makhsir^ ll
truly a pity Ibr these goods to be damaged.
^Jit.^^**^^ fnukhashkhuh, part. Prodad
sound by tiie collision of htad bodies.
^kjJb^ mukhihi^, part Humbling, i
pressing. [Ions. Groiring i
mukhtib, part Becoming pot
makhHLi, Peculiar, particol
I>roper, belonging to. Private, doaMstief
timate; addicted, dedicated; peealisrljr
cribedor attributed to.
niatmj Specially, particularly.
makhsHiiifai, Property, pe(
flfuu
liarity. Intimate Mendship. \j
fuuarem lamakktutioiJ im iibudi^tUU»i
ul^aUpak, On account of my being tb« p
?9rty and the devoted servant of the Sabli
orte.
^^^^^ MkziUff, Cast|«ted.
m,»n^ «Mfib^ft^,part.HumbIing,abiui]
making subminveii
e^-os:^ makhdU^ Depressed, humU
A subject, a vaasaL
ksr^ makht, Blowing the nose.
mukhtir. Bushing into dan;
against an adversary ; going out to fight I
c^^L.der* makhiHh (fenu Aj^kir
Affianced, betrothed, promised.
jjkii^ mMUikr, Thought^ imagio
supposed, concoiTsd.
>•
(849)
Jm tefcM/t li/i; This flappon-
tkm did Boft oeeor to me. I did sot eonoeiTe
wbifkinghi It eMu^ed Bf atlntion to
Jiis^ mMA, part Sinning tibrongh
'■ktde, nidioiit doigD, bhmdenDg, douig
(afdn^ iomroperly. (contra), Sinxung in-
^ittfl^. GHMiiig one to itep or go.
^i^iiii;i^^,part. Allefviating, ma-
kzogli^t Mitigant. u-tt^ftacUl ^jL^^
">iW tikkfff, Mitigal)le.'*
Jfa^ mtOfltd, SnbmifldTe.
J^ MlVb/ AUeriated. (A oon-
nat) kfiig e ehort fcr a long ToweL
^^ makHfiJt, Affected with a palpi-
tttiatttfackMrt
^ mdH^ Hid, eonoealed, eorered,
wait, *
Jc^mUS, pait. DistnrUngy eoznipt-
is^ ipofliiv. Detrimeatel, injuaou, hnrtftil,
tt« tUdi damagei, desfcroja.
^ mlUd, A scythe, a sickle.
^9iUldiy A provender bag hung
ind a hone*! mcfoAkf a wallet, a saddle bag.
V> inUU, Ana]],adaw,the hooked
^^ of a lapadooi bud or beast.
<^ MyUoON^, Eternal, durable, per-
i^>«^ wmkUUy part. Sincere, oan-
4 pne, nal, lojal, unfeigned. A friend.
L^e^^ w-^s^t almuhtb almuihlii,
^iMerefrM,loTisg affectionately. (This
■ ttftea and in letters, and is synonjinons
^i^aottdefotsd, alEBi^ionate, hninhle ser-
^t;. ^jjjf wndhattii, part One
*^ltatei,aaBiionr.
i^ MuikOa^, part. Paralytic.
^^MUA/;p«rt. Sobstitating. Cans-
Citoneeced or follow.
^'•^ mukhaHaf&ty Heritage, sncoee-
^ «f <eti bequeathed or left.
'T^ MWai, IGxed, confdsed.
^;^' mU/a^ Deposed, dethroned;
r*aMed.
J»^sia4«fiifc(fem. iijU^), Created,
'^n^d, prodneed. MakJUukat, A creature,
utested thing. w.*U^Lsr«, Creatures.
tlilUi ^^y^ t^JJi CXL^ j^^
JJi>, If Gk)d does not assist thee in
what thou pnrpoaest to do, no creatore what*
erer can effect it ; and unless He leads thee in
the right path, thou moat so wrong cTcn if
thou art guided by the constellation of Arcturus.
si*^^ mykhamhhimf part. Speaking
through the nose.
lA^ muUmMy part. Qaenohing a fire,
allaying the paroxysm of a fever.
mukhammirt part. Fermenting,
leaYening. Mukhaanmair, part. pass. Fer-
mented, etc
^j»*j^^ miMammaiy Pentangular.
Ji^dBT^ mikhaudj Satin or velTot.
jy^»s^ mdkhmarf Drank, completely in-
toxicated, crop-sick.
y±2.x^ mukhannuy part. A fool, a block-
head, a knare, a ^ood-for-nothine fellow.
Pusillanimons, effeminate, abject, inlunoiiB.
^jlds^ mukhaimktky part. Strangling, Jfo-
khtmah^ Strangled.
i^yi^malhikfiiieTOL. ^^j^),Dangerons,
formidable, dreadftil, horrible, frightfult tre-
mendous. uJ«^ mukhawwif, part.
Terrifying. Mukhawwaf^ Frightened, de-
terred.
ZJ^^^ss^ fnahhufat, Dangers, terrors.
mukhoffyarf Left to free choice,
indifferent ; Mukkayyir^ Giring an option of
two tUngs.
\ part. Terrible,formidable.
mukhayytl, part. Imagining, fancy-
ing, doubting, being deceived, conieotnring
from physiognomy, conceiring a good omen.
mukhaiyydlatf Pancy, the powers
of imagination.
^fiS^ fnukhlm^ part. Pitching a tent.
(t^:^ fMikhayyim^ part Mukhayyam,
An encampment ; a camp. Mahhlm^ Gather-
ing cut com.
maddf Extension, production, length-
ening. j>al\ J^jJJ, As far as the
eye can reach. Madd^ The altitude or flux
(of the sea). J/r^<J^ The flux and
reflux (of the sea},* Um tides. Madi, or
1
( 350 )
iftX^ maddah, The mark {*^) placed
sometimes over dlif T, which gives it
B long broad sound. Maddy A modus, a
measure.
^i«x« madddh, An encomiast, a praiser,
^one who extols highly.
Jf^ \ J^ 'maddkhil (pi. of J^;^ J^ madkM,
or ^If^ljL^)^ Entering into, engaging
or taking part in, intermeddling. Muddkhil,
part. Undertaking any hnsiness. y^Ji
You haye no right to intermeddle in such a
question. jy^tS ^ ll:>.\j^\ t-.^
l|*i«5 J ^1, She is very fond of inter-
meddling in affairs which do not concern her.
jiJt^ maddr, A circumference, a centre,
a place of turning or returning, a boundary or
goal.
i\j\j^ mudardt, To act with. Affability,
courtesy, lenity, gentleness. u/^^J'^^j
It is advisable to behave with dissimulation
and consideration towards this tyrant, and he
will inevitably be overthrown.
^ j1 Jl« fnaddrij, Steps, degrees of ascent.
(jww^lju* maddrta (pi. of i^jd^), Col-
leges, academies, public schooK Mudarit,
part. A doctor, a reader, a learned man.
^j\j^ tnuddrissai, The public teaching
of law and divinity.
l^j\tX^mtiddrakat, Prosecuting anything
without intermission. -
^^tX« tnadds, A kind of rustic shoe.
^1 Jl^ muddjl^, part One who repels or
averts.
i^\s^ muddfa^ah, JRepelling. Striving
to repel (an assailant). Self-defence. To
repel or strive to repel.
<uJitX^ muddkuat, Deceiving, circum-
venting, acting darkly or fraudulently.
^\j^ muddm, Wine, jlc ^!aJ1 <— ^
. aUHI .le., To drink wine is the dis-
grace of mankind.
w«ij^ maddmi^ The internal comers
or angles of the eye.
i\ji\j>^ muddwdt (or ^Ijlj^), Curing a
disease, remedying, restoring, bringing nj
Ijj^^ ^^{^'^\ He has a very gonj
system to treat his patients, which cu«b thoj
even without any medicine.
Ajljk^ muddwim^ part. Assidaons, per
severing. Assiduously. iUjt Jl« muda
tpamatf Assiduity, continuance, perpetoitj.
(^^\ J^ muddwa', One to whom remedie
are applied, or assistance is brought. Wlu)
cure£
^tjk^ fnaddhtn, A hypocrite, a liar.
^Ub\ J^ muddhanah, Flattery, aduktioi
Giving unmerited praise; or ^e withholdia
merited reproach. [comium
^\j^ maddyihy Laudable actions. £d
^1x« maddyinf Cities.
j>S^ mudahbir, part. Disposing in oidei
governing. A governor, rector, modeiato^
director, adminbtiator; a master, ^x
jy^AJp\jy\f A minister, or director a
public affairs.
i^<X« madhugh, Tanned (leather).
id^ maddat, An extension or productiai
Muddat, A space of time. jAji\ iS^
A Ufetime. \j\ij "]/^li» LSi, LUJ^
i-JjdJ l^bli c-JjJl, A fox and
wolf inhabited the same den, resorting Hatht
together, and thus they remained for a certii
length of time ; but the wolf opprased the Uc
«.Jl^ madhf Praise, eulogium, enoomiuni
commendation ; approbation, applause, recos
mendation.
<(>-iX« mudhat, Praising, an encomiui
(pi. ^iJ^), A laudable action, anj
thing deserving commendation.
^j>-s^ mudoMf, part Turning, n
volving.
Ji^ J^ fnadkhal, Entrance, acoess. Mtu
khil, part Introducing, inserting, puttinfr ii
Mudkhal, part. pass. Introduce^ sent or n
in. MudakhkhH^ part Immitting, cau»j
to enter.
^j^iX^ tnadkhm, A place where amck
(351)
x«
soa. JTidk^UAyn, ptxl Smoldng, flunigat-
iag, peifiiiBiii; iriUi Inininig odoma.
;o^Xf ma&kul, Enteredi put in. A
retnm, gain, profit ^yw j^ m4ȣ^fi-
lifdf Income. ^y^J) ^^<X«
OMMMirtyaA, His yearly in-
^UMJai, A Hri8tance,helpyaid,8aoooiir8.
;Xf «^, A vm-dned, unbaked brick.
;J^lJikt aUa madar, Those who
(irfiD in a hoiue (as opposed to ^t
jf)>^ Ml wehm-, Those who dwell in
^;JL«i]U tfy£i4i^ Madrds, Presidencj
^ Xadm. Oae of llie dxrisioiia of Biidsh
b£i, bonded on the N. by the Bombay pre-
^^i the Berar and Niaam territorieB, and
^nderibtea widun the confines of Ben-
pi; S. tad 8 JE. by the Bay of Bengal; 8.
h Ae ladiaa Oeean; and S.W. and W. by
v^AnbusSea. JSrt. From Lake Ghilka to
(^ ConoriB, 950 miles long, with a breadth
^ To from the city of Madras to Kondapoor.
^-/{jm; 1727 miles, nearly destitute of
^P^ for ]mk^ ships. The districts under
&iBiBediate jnrisdiction of the OoTomor
odC^Mindl St Madraa, are N. and 8. Aroot,
^^, Caosia, Chin^epat, including Madras,
C^asctoor, Cndd^sah, Gnntoor, mclnding
^ad^Midma, indnding Dindigal,Malabar,
^mlipstsai, XeUore, BajahmoSdry, Salem,
^^JK, ^anerelley, and Trichinopoly. These
»: uie regolation districti. The non-regnla-
^ dtetneti are Ganjam, Komool, and
][|^>^3patuB. Orer each of these districts
an b a Soropean judge and a collector,
^ tk-reqniate estaUishmentB. There are,
Uo, finr pfoiirional courts of circuit and
H?^ to which the aboire-mentioned judges
(ft Rilxffdiaate ; and a supreme court of
^pttl, itationarj at Madras. ^J^
w*';>^ mn^mUMadrdi, Madias, called
bitbenatiTcs Chemiapatam, a maritime city
^ fcrtres of Britbh India, and the capital
^ ^ ibore presidency. It was founded in
^ ^« IMO, on a small territory fire miles
c iogtb by one in breadth, but which has
'^ sa tnz of thirty square miles. No
^ '^ poction could have been chosen, as it is
>3:ee oo a flat sandy shore, where the surf
^ viih extreme Tiolence, and where it is
'^^•■W by salt water creeks or rirers,
J^ prevent the iatrodoction of a stream of
22*««r hrto the town. The original
'*tRH VM a small square, which now oon-
^ the public offioea. To the 8. of this
f^ the 4raxiefa, near to which is the resi-
^ ^ tbe gorenor ; and to the N. of the
oi^ fort is the ochaage. All the offices of
gyremment and courts of justice are in the
rt, which is called Fort St. Geoi^ ; but the
STcmor, and all the principal mhabitants,
re houses at a short distance in the country,
where thev mostly reside. The nabob of tiie
Camatie, has also a palace a short distance
from the Esplanade, and there is a cathedral
oslled St. G«Drge's, and a handsome mosque.
The natiTe, or Black town, is nearly a mile to
the north of the fort. It has some good
streets and baiaan ; but the houses are Tcry
irregular. There are also seyeral churches
and chapels of Tarious religious denominations,
and a cenotaph to the Marquis of Comwallis.
Madras is an episcopal see, and there is also a
Boman Catiiobc bishop. It is the seat of all
the chief gOTcmment offices for the presi-
dency, sna is the principal commercial em-
porium of the Coromanad coast Its trade
IS considerable with Europe, the United States.
China, Ceylon, Pegu, the Isle of France, and
different parts of India; but, owing to the
want of a navi^ble river, and the difficulty
of landing goooB on account of the heary
surf, it bbours under great diudTantaffes.
The climate of Madras is Tery hot. fbp,
estimated at between 700,000 and 800,000.
Zat. ir 4' 1" N. Xoff. 80^ U' E. The site
of this city formed the 'first acquisition of the
British in India, who, in 1639, obtained per-
mission to erect a fort here. The French took
possession of Madras in 1744, and entirely
destroyed the Black town and erer^ building
which stood within 300 yards or the fort.
Out of the ruins they constructed an excellent
glads. The city was restored to the British
at the peace of Aix-la-ChapeUe, in 1749|
since which jperiod it has been graduallT in-
creased and improTcd, and is now one oi the
strongest fortresses in India.
JLijX^ madrasat or madrasah, An univer-
sity, a college, an academy, a public school.
{^jj^mudrtk, part. (fern. iJjJk^), Com-
prehending; comprehensiTe. Mudrak, part,
pass. Comprehended.
iSjtX^ mudrikat (or SSjS^i^), The un-
derstanding, the intellectual powers ; memory.
\l^^jd^ madrHi, Understood, compre-
hended.
^jjS/t madruhiyah, Comprehensibility.
aJ^(X« mudarhimf Moneyed, rich.
^j^;J^ madarl (fem. hj^x^), A citusen,
(especially of Madar in Arabia).
ycS^ mad^, Invited, called, ^^J^,
Any person prayed for, or upon whom a bene-
diction ii pronounced.
_£jL^ mad^l, Called. Ifud^, part.
Causing one to be considered as a son, though
he is not.
^X« fnadda^f An adversary in a law-
(352)
^x.
nit, a proteeDtoTy ndtor, rlamut Pntend-
ing^ preramiiiff, aMortiiig, ThuHftiiig ; boMt-
ing (of binn, oourage* etc). Wiahiiig
tmadj. Ptofeaing, dedanog. CaUing,
to be broogEi. Addog a Umiiig.
Claiming. aJx ^ J^y A eriminal ;
a defendant in a lawanii . c£«X«St
Sr
lAji\, The plaintiff and the defendant
^pealed to ConstantiBople.
Ji«Ve mud^kH, (A country) ftill of
thick woode.
«JiX^ msifa^ Cannon, artillery, any-
tfamg bj wbich an enemy is lepalaed,
^Jk^ wwdjik, part Ponring out water.
^«x« madfim and ^J^, A banal-
place. Jify^^i^^^^^^
Aoooidiiiglj she oontiiiiied mouning, weeping,
and wailing for a whole jetr, firom one end to
the o&er end ; after which she said to me, I
haye a desire that then shonldst bnild for me,
in thy palace, a tomb with a dom^ that I may
repair thither and monm in retirement and
aoutoda, and I will call it the houe of lamen-
tations. And I replied, Do!
9 y«V«, madfu^ Eepulaed, driven o£
^yj^ma^J^a^fyaAyBepalBiyeneaB. The
action produced by the repulsing power.
^yj^ madfUn, Buried, concealed, hid
(as treasure, etc., under ground).
yj*iy midak or ^Jw^, An instrument
with which anything is bruised; an instru-
ment with whicn com is thrashed ; the pestle
of a mortar. Mudikk, part. Broisinff, beatinff
small, tlun, or fine. Receiving or tuong hold
of anything small or subtile.
JjIjl« madliU, Demonstration, proof;
anything proyed.
^^Jt« tnadluliffahf Demonstrableness.
Significance. [wall
clA«(X^ midmdk, A row of stones ia a
^^J^ mudammt^f part. See ^^Jj,
^r*JL« mudamU^^ Boand and smooth*
^Jb« mmdim (pL of JujJ^), Cities.
4jjt« madanl^ A citizen; belonging
Kedina. Liying in a town or towns;
ized, not nomade. i^*x^
CiyiUsed or town hfe, or the abstract
of liying in towns.
jf^ J^ mudawwir, part Converting,
ittg. Mudmwwm'^ Round, dreolar.
vuMdshy Astonished,
foonded. <Li>.Aj ^A^ nMuttiUiliytfi
Astonishment, astonishingness.
^Jy vkNfy, Aboandary,term,period,goa
batt for archers. Aii\ i^J^, At a|
times. f\y!i\^j^^\ ^X«, In allagcj
fC*^ hmm^A, Praise.
jjX« madid, Long, extensive, tall i
stature. A kind of long measure in yens.
jl^X^ mudtr, Turning roond, oonrezta|
surrounding. One who goes or driras naui
A goyemor.
^Ji*iy• Madyan, Median, a city in Anbi
Petrea.
■a
^J^ madinat, A city, espeeially Mi
dina in Arabia, where Mahomet was b«if>
formerly called Yatrib. Medinah, which
one of we two cities rendered sacred by a en
nezion with the founder of the Mahometi
faith, is 246 miles from Mecca. It coosisti <
about fiye hundred houses, most of which si
yeiy poorly built. The tomb of the Pr^plM
is here, and is placed between two othen, eec
taining the ashes of the first Caliphs, Ak
Beker and Omar. The building which b
closes it is hung with silk, which is resew
eyenr seyen ^ears. The mosque founded I
the Prophet is said to' be yenr magnifiecn
being supported by four hundrea columns, hi
containing three hundred lamps always ban
ing. Ddp. 8000. This was the seat of li
Anbian empire under Mohammad, who in
here in the year 632.
*>\jju /i!LJ\ ^.«J^» Bagdad, a city
of Asiatic TurW, the capital of tiie Turk^
proyinoe of Bagoad, intersected by ttie Ti;c
but principally situate <m the east side of t
riyer, 200 muea aboye its junclkm with t
Euphrates. The dty stands in the midst of
forest of date-trees; its domes and minan
ascending aboye them, and sufficiently strib]
and picturesque at a distance. On a neai
approach, howeyer, the meannea of the hooi
of which the city is mostly composed, tmi
detracts from any impression of the bets
with which it may haye affected tha trayeCi
as they are mostly of brick, and genarallv o
story high. The streets axe duty ana s
(353)
!/-
piTed, and to VBiaw diai two honemen ean
miodj nm each oilier Abrast The lioiiMt
tf &ena, however, ara handiome, lui?iog win-
\awi of YcDetian ^aee, omamented ocuinga,
lad a eov^ari In the frcmty with a snuul
pUitetiooof onoge-traeL There are nid to
be ftboot 100 moeqiies in the town. The
pmar^i peliee is a ^aeioas edifice. The
wb md eoffee-hooMBp ihongh not kept in
good npir, are weQ fire^nented | ana &e
ttrkeli m well aoppUed with proTuiottB, and
ti^ opoK of sobentenee ia moderate. The
Vbbbi uaart of a magnificent diaplay of
dupi, ihadn erery deacription of feastem
iBeAaSmiuj \m fomuL Man/, Theprin-
opu fltrad and veUow leather, whieh ia
oA oteaed ; aiik, eotfam, and woollen
(>& hp, about 60,000, oonaisting moatlj
ef Iisii nd Aiaba. Lai. sr ir 10" N.
XA.44'22r45"£.— Bagdad waa founded in
*<& h the 9th eentorj the famona Haronn-
i<*Biiehid raped here. In a large borial-
pnadoatode of the walla of the town there
vstnib ended to the memorr of Zobeide,
tte «tfe of this Oalq^ and the fiunona lad J of
^"noanad and One Nighta." Amongst
<iteloaib9,itiaaaidtha;tthatof the Jewuh
p^ Eie^ ia here. Bagdad has nnder-
^ maj rerolutiona, and waa nearly de-
i&^iB 1638 by Amnrath 17., to whom it
■I'sdoel Sinee tiien it haa been anbjeot
><^ Porte. [debt
^^ maiffiUt, A debtor, inTolyed in
JS4 9mah, Melted, molten.
^U aodM (pL of ^J^], Altars.
i/X^ mu&rif, The interior angles of
*nye.
1x4 madk, Tasting, taste ; the palate.
">U tm&karatf Conferring together,
(^senontin^ reeoUeeting ; conyeraation,
/icf 1 1 j^ Ao/ hasal heinahan mtfsd-
^ W«a/ ibAtttca, Had yon any oonTeraa-
"• together on thia anbjeot P
-^^ifiWidW (pUof w^J^), Sect,
■^KBi opinion.
ft
?^ aittiaA, An altar, or any place
^ 0 aainal is aacrifieed.
^M muaiohub^ A trifler who is oon-
"MythtngiBg hii &ney.
t^nnkiiLh^ Slaughtered, sacrificed.
[A* Miler, Written.
*• MStfUir, part. BecoUecting ; ad-
IJttg, nentiMDng. JteiiifcA»r, part paaa. Of
*enaeriiae^4ar.
jj^tVe ffuaiitar, Bemembered, before-
mentioned ; aaid, related, mentioned.
JiX^ mtaMf part Rendering vile or
abject, diaoofering one to be ao.
il'x^ moMoUaip Baseness, contempt.
JJiVe nunaUtl, part. Vilifying.
^A^ mwrnnm, part. Becoming contemp-
tible, despicable, rile, mean, base ; discoTering
to be base; dmng anything viUanona or mean.
l^J^numammat, Blame, scorn, contempt.
a^Jl« mavnUm, part. Despised, con-
temptible, blameable.
3 J^miisnt},part. Acriminal, a sinner.
nunhab, A sect, a religions
order. Ganon law, role, religious opinion.
An institution, regulation.
L^«Ve mmib, part. Melting.
j^ muTf Bitter. Myrrh.
j^ mir'a, Man in general, expressing all
mankind, with the article l(ke, ^sj^^
^r^Muilt ^^ ^L^i , A man in prosperity
ia like a tree, which people flock round as long
as it is loaded with fruit ; but as soon as it has
dropped the fruit, they retire from beneath it,
ana leare it to suiSer me heat and dust. Per-
dition to all the people of this age, that out of
ten none may remain !
i\j^ mtr&t (pi. ^}f)y A looking-glass,
speculum, mirror. [buaineaa.
^b^L« mar&hahah, Gaining, profiting in
^}y tnurdbitf One who devotes himself
entirely to the aerrioe of the faith, either as a
warrior to guard the fh>ntieTa against external
foes, or as a man of oiety to ^y for the wel-
fare of the church ana combat internal enemies.
tZj\j^ tnarrdt (pi. of ij^), Times, tarns.
^\j^ nunrdtib (pi. of ^UJy«), Dignities.
^ 0]^ ij:^jf^ ^5-^»'^^ L5^->
M I - •
83
^
t i^UI u-jj uit,
\
It*
(354)
\
■ole of mr foot, in its dignity, nied to mount
to steps aooTe which there were none his/her ;
and fall oft presents were brought to mj abode,
but I did not choose to ac(£pt them from
erery one who offered them to me.
^]j^ mar&ii^ (pi. of ^j^)f Meadows.
>-\j^ murSja^t, A reference to, refer-
ring, hanng recoorse (to some thing or person).
>-L^ murdjamat, Eighting, throwing
stones at one another. [stations.
A^l^ mardhim, Favours.
J\j^ murdd, DeBire, will, intention, de-
sign, inclination, affection, wish. t«
i^o\j^ j^\ ^\ LLJjtyi md kadart an
utammim tnuradt^ I was not able to accom-
plish my wishes.
J^\ j\^ ^UaLJf, Amurath L, a Sultan
of the Turks, who succeeded his feither Orohan
in 1360. He completed the conquest of the
Greek Empire. He founded the corps of
Janissaries, conquered Phrygia, ' and, on the
plains of Cassova, defaated we Christians. In
this battle he was wounded by an Albanian
soldier, and died the next day, 1389.
Jb!l J]^ (^UaUt Amurath II. suc-
ceeded his father, Mahomet I., in 1422. The
beginning of his reign was disturbed by pre-
tenders to his throne ; but, after suppressing
these, he abdicated in fiirour of his son Ma-
homet, and retired to a society of dernshes,
whence he was soon recalled to engage against
the Hungarians, who had invaded the Turkish
dominions. He gained a great victory over
the Christians at Varna, an^ in 1446, quelled
a revolt of the Janissaries, and succeeded in
resisting the famous Scanderbeg in making
advances upon his territories. He then turned
his arms aeainst the Hun^rians with his
wonted good fortune. Finding his son inade-
quate, to the responsibilities of an imperial
station, he sent him to govern Asia Minor,
and resumed the throne, b. 1390 ; d. 1461.
(Jjbl\ j\^ ^UaLJl, Amurath HI. suc-
ceeded his father, Selim II., in 1575. He
added several of the best provinces of Persia to
the Turkish Empire, b. 1544 ; n. 1595.
^\}\ *>)/• j^UaLJl, Amurath IV. suc-
ceeded his uncle Mustapha in 1622. In 1638
he recovered Bagdad from the Persians, after
which he put 30,000 of the enemy, who had
surrenders at discretion, to the sword, d.
1640. — The excessive cruelty and debauchery
of this prince have stamped him with the
character of being one of the worst sovereigns
that ever reignecTover the Ottomans.
iij\j^mtirddafiU, Pollowingoneanot^
BQCceeding.
4^fc>|^ marddi, Voluntary, spontanea
j\^ mirdr (pL of 5^), Times.
ij\j^ mardrat, Bitterness. Gall-blad
**r-^'j tiS^'j Ji!\ ^jj^ ^ U\ U i»
I was therefore affected with violent vexsi
not to be exceeded ; and my gall-bladda
most burst by reason of the severity o^
grief and mourning and fiitigue.
lUij^ murdiolatf Writing a letter
sending a messenger to another. CoRcsptoi
^j^ mardaim, Laws, conditions, ag
ments, pactions, convoitions, covenants, i
S,tions, observances, duties, prescript
arks, signs, customs, usages.
^1^(pLof*Ly.),Anchoni. ^
And at that island the master of tiie
brought her to anchor witii us. He casi
anchor, and put forth the laading-plaok,
all who were in the ship landed upon
island. [e»c
dJ^\j^ mairdihid (pL of ^^j^), Goi
Ju^l^ mardtid (pi. of Juiy«), Obse:
tones. A place for a look out; a Inrkiog-J
ij^\j^ murdiadai, Seizing an oppo
nity of invading or attacking (an eneiiiT).
SU|^ mt4rdddt, Endeavouring to pic
iU|^ murd^dtf Looking back u]
considering, lefiecting ; viewing atteot
through half-shut eyes. Attending to, U
iog. Taldng care o^ preserving, gnir
maintaining.
^\j^ murfi^f, part Observing, an
server, a guardian, a cultivator, a suppon
i\j^ mardffh, The rolling or wallow
of a horse, camel, etc., on the ground.
^\^ mardghabat, Desire, affection,
penalty. [Two litigants before a j
^]j^ mardfi^f High places. J^tr
!m\j^ murdfa^tp An aotiooy a Isvi
1
(35fi)
\
Jif^ wmr&ft, put A ftUow tnreller.
^^mr^/Sub^Companyi society. ^Ji
r^;' 1 ^1/ J M faM ^nrys/Sini la
«i^ Sxe^ joa Meompuiy me, I win not go.
j'^ MTdi, A wlum, ftncy. Gnriosityi
asBi, hjpochondruL
wi^^ mrdit}, part Lookixig to, ob-
Ki^ [platioa.
^1;^ MTOibAi^, Obserrationy oontem-
•I
^^mrSHd, Sepulchres, moniimentSi
1^^^^ a«4it}, Ships, any machine or
iBoil by wiudi people «re traiuported from
toplaee. Vehicles. ^ wimJ
j:H! ^ iLo y ^ ^^^!^ J-j^j
^1 (Jl«, And the King of India
M of ma, and aent a meaaage to my lather,
•'^ae&Df ]im to aend me to him ; aod he
■at to my &ther Tazioiu preaenta and magni-
^ Ipfti, aiieh 88 were loitable to kingpi.
«f mr, thflnfine, fitted oat for me aiz
(a{R, nd Mit me to the King of India.
fS^/9, or ^^1^ i^A^, Morocco, or
^^ceo, t coratiT aitaate at the N.W. ex-
^fBotj of A&iea, boooded on the N. bj the
Mfioraaeaa, oo the W. bj &e Atlantic,
^ Algeria fonna a amall part of ita E.
fr«&cr, tod OB all other aidea it ia lost in the
muse of tiie Sahara, or Deaert. Ar§a,
^■^uiuted at nearly S00,000 aqnare milea.
^'^. Moootainoiia, bat containing many fer-
^ viUcyi. It ia aeparated into two parta by
^ peat ehain of the Atlaa, which entirely
^^nes it, fint from eaat to weat, and then
^s Borth to aoath, leaWog between itaelf
^t sea a plain of from 60 to 100 milea in
^^ Thia plain, the length of which may
^ iQ obUqoe line of 400 or 600 milea,
^'f"^ all the fwtile and popoloua part of
l^^^tto The other division conaiata of the
^"307 hejrond the Atlaa, which, at firat
^*& la daties and wool, paaaea gradoally into
^J^^lUn. River; The principal are the
jl^nva, floving into the Mediterranean; the
V-r^ Spa, 8^00, and Tenaift^ fiOline into
c; iiintic ; and the Draha, beyond the
*^ iK Wheat, maiie, millet, barley,
^"^ r^P^ olires, an^-cane, tobacco, and
^^^B- Much more grain ia produced than is
*™at for ita own consumption. Wool is
^ voy plentiAi]. Goats afford another Tisry
*LttbU ooanedily, their skins supplying
that leather which, nnder the name of Morocco,
IS so distinffaished for its softness, nliancy, and
beauty. Tne grass lands foed a fine race of
horaea, the exportation of which ia prohibited;
and large numbera of aheep, oxen, and mulea
are reared. Oamels and aaaea are the principal
beasts of harden. Ostriches are numerous on
the borders of the southern deaert, and their
fSMthets form aTaluable article. Fruits abound ;
but Morocco is chiefly diatinguiahed for al-
monda. MineraU, The Atlaa moontaina con-
tain iron, tin, copper, and antimony. Thii last
ia oarefhlly worked, being a aubetanoe exten-
sively used in Oriental ooametioa. Mineral
aalt occurs throughout the empire in the
greatest abundance; and, besides home con-
somntion, makes a copious article of export to
Souoan. InhoHtmtU, The basis of the popu-
lation is formed of what are called Hoora ;
eonaiating of the original people, now mixed
and coalesced with their Arab conquerora. and
with the tribea who hare, at Tarioua timea,
poured in from the African deserts. To these
are added a considerable number of the Moors
who once reigned over Spain. The Jews are
Tery numerous, particularly in the cities ; and,
\n diot of exclusiTe qualification, carry on all
the mercantile and money transactions. Every
apeciea of oppreaaion ana contempt, howeyer,
ia heaped upon thia devoted race. They are
considered by the Mussulmana of Morocco in
the light of unclean aniraala and of enemies of
God, and, if they do not exterminato them, it
is only because they are useful, and because
true beUerera haye a right to tarn eyerytbiog
to account Indeed, were the Jewish popula-
tion suddenly remoyed from the countir, such
an eyent would be a public calamity ot incal«
culable magnitude ; for it ia the Jew alone who
can mend a lock, build a houae, make gold and
ailyer trinketa, coin money, decorate a room,
or weaye ailk ; all such handicrafts being re-
g^arded by the Mussulman with supreme con-
tempt. Eyery night the Jews are shut up in
a particular quarter, inclosed with a wall, and
it ia only after sunrise they are allowed to
enter the Mussulman town, where they haye
their shops. The Jewish quarter is called
'* Mellah, which means a place of damnation.
The Jew is obliged to wear black clothes, that
colour being the emblem of misfortune and
malediction. When the Sultan paases through
a town, the Jews of the place are obliged to
offer him rich and magninoent presents. Yet,
with all this burden of seryitude upon them,
they neyer abjure their faith. This constency,
howeyer, certainly commendable in itself, is
coupled with the erossest ignorance and super-
stition. Monf, Woollen, cotton, and silk
fabrics, carpeta, red cans, leather, saddlery,
chip baskets, and eartnenware. The tnde
with the Leyant is carried on by the Mecca
and other carayans, whilst a coasting trade is
carried on by feluccas with the Barbary states.
Exp, Hides, skins, oliye-oil, gums, wax, wool,
honey, dates, indigo, shawls, and carpets.
Gov. The most despotic on the &oe of the
earth, without either law or religion to mod^
(356)
it. Army. During war, about 100,000, oon-
sistiiig mostly of neffroet. Navp» Tneigniflcant.
Pop, about 9,000,000. Zai. between 28"* and
36" N. Ltm. between 0° 40' and IV 40' W.
— ^Tbis is the ancient Mauritania, and waa, in
antiquity, a country of great importance. It
hai belonged gaooeniTely to the Bomans,
Yandalfl, Greeki, and Arabs. In the 11th
oentury it fell under the sway of the Fatimite
Khalin, who alao held power over Algeria,
Tunis, and Tripoli, and Dushed their Tictorious
arms into Spain. The Cherift, who pretended
to hare been the lineal descendants of Maho-
met, obtained power over the country in the
16th century. This last dynasty reigns in
Morocco at the present time, the soyereiffu
being Muley-Abderrahman, who ascended the
throne in 1822. The sovereign of Morocco
takes the title of Sultan. Since the conouest
of Algeria by the French, the Moroccans naye
frequently come into collision with the former,
at whose hands they suffered a seyere defeat
at Isly, in 1844. In 1869 war was declared
by Spain against Morocco, which the priests
desired to oonyert to the Catholic fsith. The
sesult was unsatisfactory.
^j^\;^ or v/^]/« ^*^9 Horocco, called
by the natives Marakasch, the capital of the
aooye Empire, stands in a fertile nlain 126
miles from Mogador. The circuit of its walls
still appears to be calculated for at least
800,000 inhabitants. It is now much depopu-
lated, and coyered with the accumulated nuns
of houses and gardens ; it still retains yestiffes,
boweyer, of its former grandeur. The temples,
sanctuaries, and mosques are numerous, and
some of the latter particularly lofty and splen-
did ; there are also three gardens, with splendid
payilions. The palace ii of hewn stone, orna-
mented with marble, and with its eardens, in-
closed-by walls, occupies a space of three miles
in circumference. The Kaiueria^ or depart-
ment for trade, is an oblong buildiiig, sur-
rounded with small shops, which are filled
with every species of valuable commodity. The
inhabitants are dirty, and the habitations
swarm with vermin. Man/, Leather and em-
broidery. iW about 80,000. Lot. S0° 67'
N. Lon. T W. — ^This town was founded in
1072 A.D.
m\j/% mardm, Desire, wish, intention,
purpose, design. *-*J^jj'*3u*jS^,^\^
^Jlc Sm^sfT U^ vJ^^'^ mardml alwa-
hid an atiammim wajibatl katna yti^jib ^a/-
layya^ My only wish and design is to perform
my duties as I ought to do.
T^J^ iwarafrtA (pi. of ^^^-^j^). Fans.
i^^j^ murdwadat, Endeavouring to con-
. ciliate.
JU^K^ mwr&icaghatt TTsing art or fraud.
j|w« miratf A mirror.
fift^]f fMrdhm (pL of ^Jb^), Ointments.
hjb\y murdhanat, Contending, deposit-
ing the bets (especially at a horse-race, etc.).
Pledge.
4^*1^ murdi (or iyj|/e), A hypocrite.
i^\^ mmdydif Acting hypocritically.
<Uy^ mwrahhat, A preserve, a confection.
laj^ tnarhii or marlai, A place where
cattle, etc., are tied up ; a stable.
^,j^ fnarha^, A spring habitation.
^j^ fnurdbhi^, murabha^ Square, quad-
rangular. An epigram, song, etc., of four
verses or four lines ; a quatrain.
^^j^ marhtLt, Bound, fastened, con-
tained, inherent, depending upon.
9y,j^ fnarH^ (fem. dr^^), Twisted,
or formed of four ropes or parts. Having a
quartan ague. Of a short statue.
^j^ fnarli, Educated, brought up.
•* Mi
^gJj^ murabhl^ An instructor, tutor,
curator, guardian, corrector. A confectioner
or preserver of fruits. Murabba^ Educated.
Preserved (fruits).
ij^ tnarrai or marrah (pi. oL«), One
time or turn, once, ij^ ^ ^, One
after another, again and again, u;^^
j\Aji\ SL, And I said, Not every time
does the jar escape unbroken. This time, far,
far from me is the prospect of my finding him
who will convey me to inhabited lands.
i^^^J^ muratiib, part. Ordering, direct-
ing ; a director. Murattabf part pass. Put
in order, regulated.
^j^ martahat or martdbah, A step, de-
gree, dignity, office, employment, charge, rank
of honour. [bling, raging.
tnvrtqff, Moved, agitating, trem-
^^j^ murtajihf Moved backwards and
forwards, up and down in the swing or see-saw.
*•
jJ^ murtadd, An apostate, renegade.
^jJ^ murtadi^ part. Abstaining, re-
straining oneself
(357)
v^^J;^ murioihl, part. Corrupted by
proMnti, robomed, bribed.
t-oT^ murtadi^, Sacking (milk); (a
she-goat) snoking ber own.
murtadl, Content, satisfied. \j\
Jiddgn, I am very satisfied with you.
^5-iyt muriada\ Agreeable, chosen,
approyed. ^^^
*W^ murta^fd, part Trembling, dread-
lA-«^/-* fnurta^ish, part. Trembling,
^^*«»«^ [sttbUma
j-ij;^ «tttffa/a^, Elevated, exalted, high,
S-*^^ murtakib, part. Perpetrating,
oommittiiig (a oime).
^C^ murtakam, Heaped up, augmented,
and becoming condensed and compact
iPj^ muraUti, part. A singer in church.
S-^/Ja^ ^y^ J^' 'i^ hatal murattH
•atifftahu muirib, This singer has a very agree-
able Toice. ' ^
^^5'«Jr^ murtaml, Thrown, cast forth.
Lfyj^ murtawl, part. Having the thirst
quenched.
ijiij-^ murtahtn, part. Receiving from
another a pledge or security. Pledged, being
a surety or bondsman, ii^,^, Anv-
^ thing pledged. -^j-> J
«u^ marBdt and iJ^, Lamenting (any
PersonJ pronouncing a funeral eulogium. A
«nwral oration, an elegy, a dirge.
^r» »^' (pl- -5; j|/^)» A field with raised
borders for planting or sowing. A meadow
partnre.
trWyt fnifjOty A stene tied to a rope
wd let down into a well in order to move the
mw, which being carried off by the flux, the
remMntt|j irater becomes pure; also a stone
jmh which they fathom the depth of a well,
^er tiieie is water in it or not.
wVj^ marj&n, Cora J^^\ Ijjh
.;^ Jlfi JU hmM nwrjon mal ^dl
1***^ This coral is of the best quality.
MMort excellent, superior.
marfu, part. Hoped for, expected,
requisite. J IjLy ^! ^ ^^\
Jj J^*^;*-* «/ maty'a mmkum an tanaiil
n tanduk «i/, You are requested to send me a
box of indigo.
j>y^ fnarfuh, Preponderating, pre-
yaiSng. becoming superior, placing before,
prelerring.
^j^ marfu^ and S^^j^, A return;
whatereria returned, brought back, answerod.
■y^ marhahd, You are welcome, may
^ your arrival be happy. Hail ! welcome I
il^j^ marhalai, A day's journey ; the
time or place of traTcUtng; an inn or any
halting place for travellers. ^^Uu^l
There are four days' journey from Alexandretta
to Aleppo.
*-4*»y.^ marhamat, Pity, oompassion,
mercy, clemency, favour. ^^Ull t jJb
^i
IT"
i hazal kddi la marhamat
hhu, This judge is merciless. LiS'U.
^^jtnr <U^^ c--i>-U?, Our governor
is very merciful.
^^j^ murhum (fem. Lt^^), Pitied.
One who finds pity. One whom God has
taken into his mercy, the defunct of happy
memory, the deceased, (^^j^^
ajUU lilc ^l^ Ll^lj al marhum wait-
dakkan ^liman Ulghayah, The defunct, yonr
father, was a very learned man.
U^^j^ fnurakhkhas, part pass. Per-
mitted, allowed. A licensed person. Jjb
\S^ J^\ \^l ^^ tKil hal
annaka murakhkhoMtn H-iJra al^amal hakaza^
Are you authorized to act in this way?
^ U^^j^jt^* ^ot permitted. Unlawful.
<^ maradd, Eeturning, answering, re-
th'JLr*^"^ and iw>>^, A return,
•«»e«plaoeof return, refuge. Rspetition.
one returns.
v-Jj^ murdaf, part. pass. Entered, or
carried after another. Murdtf, part. act.
Coming behind, foUowing; remaining or
riding behind.
1^^^ mardgOshf Maijoram.
uV^
(358)
J^%>^ mardfui (fern, if J^J^), Betorned,
reatored, rejected. Bepulsed, grclnded, re-
probatedi confuted.
5 J^ maradah, Obetinate rebelB.
cjJ^ mardu^, Infected, tmctured,
stained. Inrertod, fidlen back, relapeed.
Jj^J^morsu/, Contemptible, reprobated.
^^jj^ Id ia^awwid nafiaka ^Muuhr
fatadha* martukm^ Do not aocostom yonrielf
to dnmkenneae, as, by so doing, yon Mcome
contemptible.
{j^jj^ nmnakln, A general of the oon*
fines, a goTcrnor on the borders of a hostile
country, a lord, marcher, a margraTC or land-
grave.
^^^jj^ fnar%anj6ih and ^f^jf%
Sweet maijoram ; a blue flowered intoxicating
' herb. [quired by art.
Jljj^ ffMfsiZJfc, Happy, fortunate. Ac-
\j*ty marif Sticking (as a rope) between
the block and the pnlley.
ifLy« mirsdt (pi. i^]/^)} ^^n anchor.
JLy« mirtdl, Despatched, sent.
^Lo^ maroMot (coll. (jMy«), A rope.
J«^ mursH, part. Sending an ambas-
sador. Murtalf part. pass. Sent to others. An
ambassador,prophet,apostle. J.^ ^^,
The prophet sent. ^^^Ju^^i, Prophets,
apostles. iJ\ i^j^f The man to whom
any person or thing is sent
M^j^ tnarMfn (pi. ^)/«)» An argument;
sign, mark.
(^y^j^ martumy Signed, marked, notified,
described ; prescribed, accustomed. A mandate.
tr^j^ f^'r9sa\ A harbour, port, anchor-
age ground.
^j^f fnarrtn, A myrtle (tree).
^Uj^./t, Prayers for the dead.
iiiij^ marashahaty An instrument with
which they sprinkle anything.
jLt^ marthad (pi. tXi»\y), The right
way. A firm resolution. Mwthidy A guide
to the right way, i.«. to salvation.
«X^^ martad (pi. txJ\j^), A place of
obserration or lying in wait Ambush.
l^^^A^ mmraaat, CoTered with leai
^f/^ tnuraui^y part. One who k\
with jewels. JTMrosMi^, part paa. [fa
^Uu0^), Covered with gold, set vit
jewels. <?4jlrir Lj LA\ C^ )o^) J
*X>^\ IfAfi j^xSiJ Jj^ji\ ^Uii; iu;
C/^\, And in the midst of th^
dome was a great dome-erowned stnctsre i
alabaster, around which were lattuse-wiado^
decorated, and adorned with oblong eoienlii
such as none of the kings could procara.
^yoy mari^, Compact, firm, iodii
soluble. Filled up, ftall (well).
^j^ marad (pi. ijo\j^\), Disease, indii
position, malady, distemper. Jij
LjUt, The fiUling sickness. ,Jj>
^^^lx| An accidental impodtioi
^JL^ uV^' ^ disease from natun
Jj: lJ^\ ^^ J>j^\ iJ Jbjl J
CLiy^\ 9 Kow it came to pass tfast tii
king fell sick one day, whereupon his be
throbbed, and he felt that he was sbovttoi
removed to the mansion of eternity ; tha ^
malady inereased, so that he was at the poi
of death.
i^Oj^ muraddat, A hammer or mslle<
anything used in threshing oom.
w^ marda^, A teat, a nipple ; any pb
sucked. Murdi^ (fem. ^Lm^)> P^
(A mother) having a sucking in&nt or youi
A nurse.
^j^ vMMnM (pi. of ^^f mm\S)y T
sick. ^j^lj^^w^droMwimii
The visitation of the sick. ^^
marMdiy Belonging to sicknea. MoHi
liJtj^ maradiyaif Morbidness. ^
murdi (fem. ^j^ mtrAyoA), Agn
able, acceptable, anything one takesa pies^
in, laudable.
v.^^ muratUbf Codling, refreshk
(359)
CT,
This u t oooliog medicine. Vi-r^ly*
MMMil^ (Mad, nfrwhed.
^'Jp^ A glased TesaeL
i\ij^ mirM, Pastare, a meadow.
i^^^^MT^f}, Dreadfoli terrible, for-
^/t mr^H part Thondering.
t^T^i ¥insh, a paehalio of Aeiaiic
Tisfar, iodoMd by the pasbalioi of SiTas,
itoa, iBMMnia, Aleppo, ind Diarbekir.
Jt B knened by the pnneipal chain of the
Taan M omtaiiu. Lmi, between 88" 3* and
V»f^. Im. between 36" and ST 40* £.
TWapisal ii of tiie aame name, and ttanda
any Bifai from the Golf of Seaodaroon.
^fj4 iMr^«i, Terrified.
^/t mar^, Pasture, forage. A place
ofpMtm. Jfor^I (fern. XIc^), A
AcpWd, pastor, one who feeds or gOTems.
Goroned, guarded, obeenred. ^t^^
*-i^, Things worthy of attention.
«
^/« MpyA, Pasturing, eating np the
vUe hap (a horae) ; beuw amongst herb-
^L Aniatiag all orer with oil or angnent.
^f/* wmgk%h^ Desirable, amiable,
iH7,atimablc^exeenent,beantifiiL Desired,
(^/« mi^ol, The elbow ; a cabit. Mar-
A A piaee vpon which a person leans with
atttbow.
^ff% marfkt, Broken, brayed, bruised.
\fr «sr/llj_ (fern. ^^)> Exalted,
<^ b^ honoured. Marked with the
^poiBtf^ii). (Q«menti)ofgfeatT8lne;
up, oa« laid o?er another.
**/• wwjtt, part (see Ajy ). Jfk-
''M Qaiet, tranquil, contented, happy,
iw«penras. JU\ Aj^ and^UJ\ J^,
Cootcated in mind, easy at heart
• Ulk^, That their meetings are plea-
sant, and their minds tranqail, and their fbod
ia prorided ibr them, and their times axe bright
and cheerftil ; that wheroTer they alight ther
pick np, and whererer they make an attack
they gather the spoil; while there is no country
that wey call tiieir home, nor any sorereign
whom they fear; but they are tike birds, tiiat
go out in the morning empty, and retom home
in the erening with a ML Delly.
Jj^ nuMTok, Broth.
^^^y^ marlah and ^y^» A watch
tower or other high place whence obserration
is made.
^/* mardkat^ A quantity of broth.
jjye mariadf A sepulchre, a tomb, a
monument A bed, sleeping-place. Mwrktd,
put So^riferons, conciliating sleep. Markad,
A medicine promoting rest.
%fj^ murakki^, part (see ^ti^y )• -Kt-
fwUia^ , part. pais. Patched, mended ; ragged,
dothed in raga.
(^j^j^ fnarkUm, Written, described, in-
aeribed, computed. Aboye-mentioned, pre-
dicted. Marked, especially with orthogra-
phical points. [magic
cS/« moritf, Fascinated, defended by
Mari$ffydhf An ancient town in
Phoenicia, which was situated between
^^^Jej\f Antaradiis or Orthosia, and
(jmImL, Balnlas or Batanea, of which
the ruins can be seen not hx from the shore
of the sea. [of the nose.
iji\ \^j^ vmrhayd^l unfi. The two rides
^ I markdbt A ship, ^^j^ murak-
kaby part pass. Compounded, composed, mixed.
w^^ cJ^Tf OroBS ignorance, ^^^y
j\j markah ndr, A steamer. iZJJo^y
If-i iJ^^<^ ^^^j^3* ^^^ ^ ioxmdi a
handsome new Teasel, with sails of comely
canyaa ; and it had a numerous crew, and
was superfluously equipped ; and I cansed my
bales to be loaded in her.
jiy marJUm, A centre. d^Qlj!:^,
The centre of a circle. MarkM, A place of
residence, a halting-place, a camp.
^fj^ nutrkah, (A carriage, animal,
road, etc.) by or through which one trareUi.
•/r*
(860)
\f/* marihlf, Fixed, fastened.
<U^ mwrammat^ Beparation, mendingi
aooommodating.
Ju«^ murtnad, Blear-eyed.
j.^*^ marmar, Marble.
^yf marmni, Looking back. Con-
sideriDg or glancing at slightly.
i^y^ marmi, Thrown, cast forward.
\^ Jcs-li, I found ibis paper thrown
down in the house, and I took it.
^^j^ mtrtoah, A milk veaael.
-*
»9j^ maruatf Being bold, maacoline,
manly, yiforous. Manhood, virility, forti-
tude. Humanity, generosity, politeness.
\^jj^ l5^ Wi;^ lf«)lL^ ^;*^^^ ^^
u^^rijjb ^ sJmj UK l^ ^^
^lSx ^ *«^y > -^d when they (fern.
pi.) heard her words, they .thanked her for her
Kindness, and said to her. Whatever thou dost
with this stranger, thou wilt be rewarded and
recompensed for it. [meadows.
^^^ mwrikj (pL of ^^), Fields,
0^^j^ murawwif, One who promotes,
advances, or gives course or animation to any
business.
^^-^y mtrwahat, A fan, a ventilator.
I ordered two maids to sit, one at my head,
and the second (the other) at my feet, and to
ha me.
J^j^ murnd, Obstinacy, rebelliousness.
j^j^ murnr, A passage, pass, transition.
i^^j^ marwl, Belated, alleged, told.
Placing confidence in the words of another.
Having the thirst quenched.
Hj,^ marrah, Once, one time.
^j/9 marham, A plaster, any dressing
for wounds. Ointment
i^^j^ marhuh, Terrible, dreadful,
^yb^ marhun, Pledged, pawned.
t^j^ mari, The windpipe.
C^
mwih, Doubtful, apooiyph
suspected. [planet Ml
J^fy marrlkh or fCj^ murriikj t
Jjy^ marid^ An obstinate, rebeUio
person.
^/ojj^ marid (pi. ^j-^)» Sick, infin
^^ maryam, Mary. Jtf^^rij^^
^ AM «/ft0tti^ The Blessed Viigin. ^
m^\j^ miadj, The temperament, ooi
plexion, constitution, habit of body. Amixtil
anything mixed. Whatever is mixed t
wine. (^y^Jl ^1/^^ ^ noble dis^
sition, an excellent constitution. j\
'P']/^\t Of a hot or fieiy complexly
^UJ\ H^J' ^^ ^ humid con8titot2(
Jj^ nUidh, Playing, jesting, a jo^
C • y^^ ^^ ^ *^ • vl> J
kvUi wakten ghayr mubSh It is not sllow^
joke and jest whenever people like to do loj
Ju>-|j^ mmdJumuUf Hindering, diftu]
in^, pressing upon, especially in a cro^
Hmderance, impediment, ohstrootioD. Acro^
a mob. Approaching to fifty.
4>|^ ifunddf. Auction, selling to I
highest bidder. [a sepulcfare, s toi
j\j^ nundr, A place of visitation ; hex
u^jU^ Madfih, The name of the i
castle on the Hadj road from DamsscBs;
was built by the great Sultan Selim.
^j])^ nuMra^ (pi. of i^jy*\ A field
^^\j^ matdmlr (pi. otJ^y% nndjyy
ThePsahns.
^•\u mutdtoqfai, Coupling, joining
bi>. ma«dyd (pi. of ^>i m^yy^
Special points, virtues, advantages.
if JjU^ mtadyadah, Putting up ataacti<
JjU mtabid, part. Foaming (sea).
iLL U fnathalat, A dunghill ; any pl^
where they throw the filth or sweepiogs q
house; a necessary. [aforoti
J!X/* ^'^^'^^^f Written, above mentionj
»j^ nunaat, One suck. Wine of
agreeable, sharp taste. [water, I
-p.^ nuuf, Mixing, tempering wine w{
^J^ nMsh, Playing, jesting.
r>
(361)
iJ»J4 flMoi^, part. Bracing biB legs
(» I fttigwd hone, etc.).
J>j^ ftoib^ BediniDg, leoeding, de-
f> U mmkm, Maeh pressed or preesiog.
4i>j4, Perplexity, diatorbanoey troable.
iJ^^MBttblra/^, Ornamented, ^^dcui
TheT opaed one of tiioM doiets, and found it
fifed fiA anns, deeotated witii Tarieties of
goUadalTerjeweli.
^J^f mmi^, part Prohibiting. Ifus-
i^,pirt.pM8. Forbidden, repulsed, rejected.
0>^^ MOKUfiWy A crowded place.
i^jJ^ Mwifrl, part. Deepiaing. Jfta-
Arv*, pert. peei. Despieed, eontemptible.
j:^]^miMf,part.De8pi9ing,Blighting.
vl?/* MTdi (pL c-^}/* ffundri^),
igstter.
j|jr^ niirfii, A jaTelin> a demi-lance.
$ t^mve^or ^jj^f ^ ^o^d sown.
J^j/t mmarioihj Hade of gold wire.
^j^«j^ flMira^(fem. *cjjj**), Sown.
J/^ flMi^fii, Terrified.
<J^ MiaLrf, The name of a little bird.
J^U nedfii, Skinned from head to
ff/9 madAm, Having a rheum.
j|^ ttaldi, A bolt or bar of a door. (A
wr) oAcn bringing forth abortions.
^/« tuuUat, A slippery place.
^/« Mi/aia^, A slippery place, lubricity.
;^J4 mmmdr, A Ante; a psaltery.
^J4 mcmt^, Intending to do some*
^ in the future. jJlmJ\ ^^j^
■iMi^«tM/ar, Intending to nndertake a
j«iniey. u^Xe^Sl ^^^ muxmi^utto'
^■^, InteodiBg to beeome a kmg. Intend-
ing to reign in a future time, ^^j^
jldwAflnteoding tobe Tiotorious orin-
^eoM to become victorious. ^tV^
ir^liult miomi^fd muidjarah, Intend-
ing to beoome a nodiani Intending to under-
take commereial transactions, ^^j^
J Jl mtmmi^ uUaraikl, One who is
intended to be promoted. ^\ ^j^^
mt^dm ^wtf The one who ia to oome with
great glory.
^J^ eiKSffim, part Lasting or continu-
ing long. Ohronic, old, long-standing.
jy}^ mamnlLr, A psalm, a canticle.
JjJ^ minwaj, (A woman) marrying
^often. [associated, married.
^Jj^ mmaunoqi, part. pass. Conjoined,
J,^ mmiaad (pL J^Jj^), A traveller's
prorision bag. [• cheat
^ Jj^ flNOMMMfftir, part act A liar, a knave,
*^ numh, Taste, anything agreeable to
the palate. A whet before dinner, an appe-
tiser (conosting really of drj and salt condi-
ments, or fruit, itHkeia with raw spirits).
i^ nkwiya^. Excellence. The particular
point, Yirtae, or adyantage of a thing.
Joy^ nuKLld, Increase, augmentation, ad-
"▼antage. [disappear, to faniab.
JiJ^ ifit«l( Who or which causes to
^^J^ mysMyyin, A barber. Muxayyan,
part. pass. Adorned, dressed, baring the hair
cnt or dressed.
^jn^ moi, Handling, touching.
Lm« maid, The evening. ^-i?\*L*^, A
good evening. U**^ .^y^, Moimng
and eYening.
iiiL^ imuahakat, An arriving or hap-
pening before something else; takhig the
preceoence, racing with another.
J^L»<« masdjid, Mosques, temples.
-L*^ moBBdh and fjoJi\ ^^-*^- ^ 9^'
metrician, a land measorer.
JL>.L«^ moidhat, Measuring (ground),
measurement A.».l*fci.>»ll m1^, The
science of measurement, geometry.
i:jL*^ musdra^at, Haste, celerity, velo-
eity. Being qniek, readj, and willing; to
be quick abmit doing a thmg.
(362)
>L^ mMatir (pL of *>-^), Geome-
trioil rulei. [and aids.
•XfiliM^ muu&^id, One who aasuts, helps,
SjxXm^ mmd^adat, Vayout, aasiatance,
aid. iL>-l^ 'l^ ^J i<^^ 4^^<^ h
JX ^^^ ^^jy J^^ ^^z^\ ^\
iS>^j UIl^l L^\ 9JJb^ ^^^^^ L£^
WJ ^IjJ v/ ^iJ*-*^ LfA^ jlasC ^^
d^J ^Jlc <JjLfi Umj ^t^y I must en-
deaTonr to accompliah tiua affiur of the ion of
my luter, though my life be lost thereby, sinoe
I was the cause of this erent; and as I cast
him into the seas of her lore, I will striTe to
marry him to her; and may God aid and assist
to that effect.
^LuM« matdfJf Endeayoan, laboun,
laodable studies, works, or attempti. Exertion.
iJliM^ nuudfai, DiBtance, an interval,
part of a road or journey. Space ; a journey.
Matafatf A day's journey, as far as a loaded
camel can traTel with ease, i^, eight psrasanga.
^Lm^ mutafir, part A foreigner, a
stranger, a guest. A traveller. ^\^ fS
y^j^ cl^ J ^ ^^LmJI ^ ham
lian min at mmafirJn ft walih at markah^
How many passengers were in that vessel P
^•JImmJI^ ^LuJt Jj^K And when
his wonder at the bird that he saw in the
island increased, he remembered a story which
trarellers and Toyagers had told him long
before.
^^Ums nkwdib'fr. Habitations. ^U*^
LoiSl ^J^^y^ ULilVThe mansions of
the leaned and the residence of men of
science, «.«. uniTerrities, colleges, academies.
MutakiHy An inhabitant
^jSL^ (pi. of ^jJLiU), The poor.
cii3L^ nmaUk (pi. of (KU^), Ways.
ij(i\m^ muidlamat, The art of ooltivating
peace or friendship.
aLmi^ matdtn (pi. oUL*»«), Fores.
SLvImm* mmdfndt, The art of comparing
or disputing about nobility; boasting OTer
another. j\ss^ji\jjfi\ u^J^" i^LJ^\
j\Ssjit\^jkii\ %£jjy ifUU^fj, The «
of cultiTatinff peace and frienddup bri||
honour and {^ory, whilst the art of aiipiti|
about one*s nobiuty brings need and porol
^Im^ mutdmih, part. Forgiving.
iyKu*^ muidnuirat, Conversation (esp
dally in the night-time).
w«Ly^ moidmi^ (pL of •«4«ii^), En
^Lub^ mMdmlr (pL of jUma/s), Kail
spikes.
jjUb^ moidnid (pi. of JOm*^), Cushiol
pillows, any thing or place where one xcdii
on the elbow.
^I^Lm^ mmdtpdi, EqiUttion. j^ i^;U
AiJiaSi^ muBdwdt gha^r Mtmidicfl
Intermediate equation.
JL«^Lm^ mwdwamatf Bidding agains
raising the price upon another.
^^^L*^ mmdwwlf part Equal, pan
lei, equivalent. Neutral, impartu
2Uj]jJ1 ^5JLM^ mwduneH tdtdipijid
Equiangular. &1«1\ 4/^^*^ wnuiwn
adlai^ Equilateral. [aootfaei
S^Um^ muidharai, Watching (wil
JjbL^ musdhd, part. Negligent, car
lem, easy, indifferent
yL^ mtMdytr, One who possesMS tl
art of pleasing. One who is jeri polite a
exerting himself to captivate the hearti Qf 1
fellow*creatures, and to eulti?ata their fnca
ship.
iJL^ muBdiforai, The art of pleani
alL Exertion of captiTating. BehaTugoi
self in society with the most polite 1
agreeable manners. Using cTeryone vitli t
greatest politeness. Mjj\,m*^\\ ^•A
^ i,.>.i»-tg H ^adim ul muidjfarah
mkib l#A, He who does not possess the art
pleasing has not CTen one friend.
JSL^ nuudd (pi. of aLLmi), (inestiGi
^^<*m,m^ mmahhib* c A.^oH i— »<, T
cause of causes, 1.0. Ood. ^JJ «>^
*i^s^jJ\, FraiM be to God, t
CiMtorofman! amd H« ii th. Loid «f loi
(363)
aadtfaeOnMofcuMf! In the name of God,
the Erolaiti]!;, tbe ftflcnaL
^%>.*»^ ANttM, Causing deep sleep.
^u^ iNwiiM, A pndser of Ood«
j^^M^wittHtf FreFented, anticipated.
c^^aofi, A kind of light half-boot
ix iodoor wctr, and orer which dippen or
HOStR wwn obI of dooiB.
vi^£^ muidHf part. Desiring one to
jk^wmtdiir, part Sole, eminent, pre-
aaStd in saytidng. AHnning or daiming
ti» cxcinve urmieity of anything. Electing,
alietii^ praKRing.
/rt:;*^ mMitdjir, part. A tenant, one
vb Ima t hoQW, a lerfantk etc A frimer,
Rits.
J>L^ mmtdjQ, part. Arriving at any
ton or object wished for or expected, an ap-
pointed tboe. Flodan^ together (aa a mnlti-
tidt of people). Begging time or dday.
mmtiakhir, part. Bemaining
^^sd, loitering, retiring, going haekward.
^^Cm^ nmtadib, part GnltiTating the
Mb kctne, itod jing, heooming leaned and
pB&ti Yened in good mannen. [lion.
^j^o^ wnMwm, part. Asking permis-
^Lw« fiaiidMiy part. Bold, fearless,
QtRpid, inihing npon, attacking fiercely, lil^e
j^^WKuUuirf part Binding; earry-
i^ V going into eaptlrity ; nirrendoing one-
Kif iprinaer; giving np or addicting one-
ttlf iiiolly (to anjtmng). Muatasgr, part
pM, Boand, a capttro.
^\^^m^ wmMMy part. Eradicating.
'«^bm2; pert paaa. Sztiipated, rained.
cr«Lib^ wmMmm, part. One nnder
■fe eoodaet or the law of nationfl, to whom
BBaaaitr from hoatiUties has been gianted at
Ui dvft xcflpeat. One, who being a foreigner,
ttd Mt a |[nhainmedan, goes into a Mnnam-
sdn temtory or into Tnrkey on any peaoe-
■UeiuBoa; any Hnhammedan going abroad
* ■ J peeeiable miarioiif and nnder the laws
\j^^im^ wiMMftiMy part Aocnstomed,
^itettcd, becoming tame (ai a wild beaat).
TbiHar. [able, apt, fit.
i>L^ mttUUa, part. Worthy, snit-
mmtdbAn^ Clear, . manifest,
tt^T
^V«i^ muiMi^, part Considering
■P^ M new lad w«ndfliftd«
]j^^SaM^mutiaMil, part. Changing, wish-
ing to exchange; taking aa a nbatitBte or
mocedaneam.
fjfi^^M^ muiUibrl, part Asking the db-
chaige or remimion of a debt.
^"'^ muitabiiTf part Considering at-
tentiTcly, searching into anything ooenlt, acqte,
penetrating, circumspect.
^ j,M,. ^ muitab^, part Thinking any-
thing &r off.
^La.,m^ muitdbtl, part. Beserving, pre-
senring entire, keeping alire, leav&g a re-
mainder.
muttabhij, part Glad, rejoicing.
muitoH, part Carrying away
Gt^tiTa.
j^" ■■' T mmtablnj part. Becoming eri-
dent, knowing for certain, appearing mauftBt.
r^r- "■ -r muitaibi^p part. Followed, draw-
ing after ; one who withes to be fbUowed.
mmiaiiry part Hiding oneself,
absoonding. Conoealed. [pleting.
^iSsum^ muiiaim, part Performing, com-
Jgf,r,iM^ nuuiaskU, part, oppressed with
sleep. [counted a bora.
J g.V. m ^ mmtoikaly Treated as if
^Jtz,^^ mmtama*, part pass. Excepted
fimn any common rule.
.^IsLmo flMMte;d&,part. pass. Accepted,
acceptable, agreeable.
:dLk« musiafidf part. Benewing, reno-
Tating, considering as new. [off.
mmiqfir, part. Drawing, carrying
muitajKbt part Attracting,
causing.
w4>?giL**i>< muUqfmi^f Who- or which
contains, coUectB within himselfl
J|r^--f muBtqfhd, part. Considering as
ignorant, despising.
j^yXkn*^ mtuiqflrf part Imploring pro-
tection. The Arabs of the desert discriminate
their guests into ^est mMttajir, or imj^oring
protection ; and mto ^"uest mtUnub (wno sets
up his tent in a line witii theirs) ; that is, who
becomes naturalized. [army.
mtuiajlsh, part. Desiring an
mutiahab, Esteemed as lorely,
or loring, or meritorious.
mmtahdU, part Learning
(364)
newi. DlicoTering (anything) new. Muiiah'
doM, part pass. A noTeltyi an inrention. Dis-
<«>TeKd, fonnd ont
^*Mj<Ly»^ muitahsinf part. See^L*dCU9^.
MuttahMm^ part pan. ApproTea^ landable«
beautiful. J^ J^l ^4«4tfW«, Excel-
lent demoMtrationB ; oonvineingly profed,
iasily demonstrate.
■^<l...M^ mmtdhditi part Calling or com«
mending one to appear before or in preeence,
desiring to come, wuhin^ to be present Be-
oaUing to mind, reooUeetug. [serving.
fjs^^f mmiahikf part Worthy, de-
jL<Ub^ mustahkam, Firm, established,
strong.
Jj^Mi^mi^Ma/, part. EsteemedflawfuL
. m
k^m\ <v Mi,^ mustaUib, part. Milking.
'MutUthli^, Milked.
muitahU, part. Impossible.
muiialMir, part. Inteirogating.
One who interrogates. [pnblie o£loe.
l*JkicUM^ mtMtoiAi2«», Employed in a
muaiakhrif, part Extracting.
'Exacting. Muiiakkn^', part pass, drawn ont^
extracted.
aI JCLAto^ mtM^ai2elffi, part Perpetual, con-
tinual, assidaous, ancient, immemoriaL
i^Jcum.** mtutad^f Demanded, re*
^tl^i^ted. MustadU, One who demands, re-
quests, [circular.
jliXiM^ mwtadlr, part. Bound, spheric,
^Jcuu^ muBtadlm, Perpetual, constant.
^JCmm^ mtMfo^n, part. Asking or re-
oeiying money on credit
j^«3cuMb^ muitoEkir, Recollecting, record-
ing. Galling to mind.
^j:uj*^ mustardh, A place of rest or
quiet A necessary. A water-closet
^^jiM^mustarja, part. Hoped, ^rished,
prayed for.
^jb^jL^i^ muitarJshtiy part. Estimating,
or buying at a low price.
^^^yu*^ mtutarkhl, part Languid, re-
" laxed, enerrated, flabby. A laxative.
fJjjiM^ muitartil, part. Considering or
finding (any person or thing contemptible).
iJ^jijM^ mustarshl, part. Asking a pre-
^sent (for an opinion to be given, or a decree to
be passed). [suckle a child.
muiiardi^, Seeking a nurse to
tXijLM^muitarfid, part Aakmg asm uttd
^jXMk« muttarki^, part (A gamul
requiring to be mended. I
^yUk.^ muiiarhm, part Demanding!
hostage or a pledge, receiTing in pawn.
,^^^iMMt mtwforlA, At ease, free fm
care and trouble. ^ lz^wiJ*^ x
Mii^ M^ ijj^ U, Aiji Ui (1^
(»f-«j •*?*- ff-TJ ^j=-*^ ^3 Jr*
JilV
\l\c
VJ'^"*
jjtXuJt, And Thou hast appoints
unto Thy creatures what Thou wilt, and «U
Thou hast predestined for thess, ao that smea
them one is weary, and another is at ease ; oi
of them is prosperous, and another is like n
in the extreme of iktigue, and the gretto
abjection.
j\ XkM^ mmiaadd. Increased.
muaUuihir, part Bidieolini
sooniing, deriding.
(^JumImmi mustasdi, part Laying do^
the warp in the loom.
Sn,m%aM^ muttoi^, Bendered happ]
blessed, fkroured, gratified.
^JmAm*^ muitoikf, A dropsical persoi
JmAam^ mustoiU, part Fnaheathin^
drawing out
t^ttVm';«.M^ muitasUf, part Deairiag i
borrow, or to hsTO an advance on goods b^
deUrery. [snpporte
iX'*^wwCU*«>^ muitamid, part. Leaning oo
j\im\*m^ muttoikdrf One who ia oonsultei
^ama&am.^ muita$hft, part Wiahinghealtl
** seeking a remedy.
t.j.-vfli"^****^ muttashib, Taking in h
company. One who takes another in his oca
pany. Muatagh^ Taken with, made
allowed to accompany. [(busiaeii
L^'^n.na'n m^ muiioi^, part. Dlfilca
^jLoOMt^ mmtaaft, part. See \L£^
^Mu8tarfa\ part pass. Purified, dahfit
brightened.
Ur.;lkuu^ muttatdb, Good, agreeabl
elegant Gracious.
i^^Tnn,^ muitatibt Begging a prescrii
tion or remedy (for grief or pain).
J.li"..!!^ wiusMU, Long. Lengthene
A parallelogram.
(365)
jk^ mmtmO, {fitting in the shade.
Wkaecboribdi praieotiMi in tlie tiUiCi or
rader a# fMf
of aome gveal por-
ilcui^ mnuU^r^ part paas. Borrowed.
^li&y*« MKi^dw, part. pass. An aasiat-
nt, aodliiiy, oao whoM aid it rt>]iatod.
^Iciiull dmutU^Sn^ God, from whom
liliaplBre lid nd aabtence.
^sf^^mmta^g part Preaaing, re-
({OfdmhiMta.
Jc«^ Miia^fi^, part Able^ capable,
ift. i^ proper, worthT, amuiffed, pat in
<^. Bodj. Prepared, in reMoneM, readj-
vited, quck at lesniing, dflver. IneliMd,
pndi^KiMd. ^^-^/^ O^ Ul^r i^^y
J'cill ^Jjcum^, And they saw him
K9ZB{ upon the tlifone of his kingdom, heed-
1m of these people, and violently enraged
ipDil 8i]^ Tney anw Ua aerranti, young
Ba, and gmrdi unprepared for fighting.
muia^^ part Eebellioas,
Jac.*^ rnmU^mU^ part. act. Using.
Ihito^M^ pari. paas. XJaed, in naa. Which hai
^ tted, Heond'hnnd.
;;C^ muia^fr, A borrower. LjjJI^U
^^tj\tc^m^\sbjy\ 9j\si. iji^ iSi^
tXaf\ |Jl»j, For the world ia a
^"^^Bv, t dieat, and a traitor. Iti things
^ boQowed, and it will take the loan firom
wbomver: itia like the eoninaed linonft
c( the ile^er, and the dream of the dreamer.
^fi^^ mmgtaghrdbf part. paaa. Won-
*■*!» fcreign, rare.
if^<^ B»«i^Araib,part.paaa. Immersed,
f^^ drowned. Musti^hnk^ port Plong-
^ttBQging.
/^•iif%A^,part.Penitent i£^^\
Ulkarebengmlfyaf a fimlt againat yon,
and committed a deed which gare yon offeA,
I repent of my crime, and yoar clemency will
extend to the gnilty who darea to implora
your foigiTenoM.
Cyp^Vt-Mix muiUifiklib, part. Freyailing.
^Iicmm^ mmtaghUkf part. Making a cloae
banrain, aeOing anything on condition that it
ahau not be retained.
',ir,m^ mutUijihni, part Rich, boasting
of wealth, prond, lofty, haogh^, saperdlioni,
diadaininff. Content, aatiafieo, acquieacing.*
Ind^n£nt, not in want, able to do without
(eomet^ttg or anything).
'lI -'Trr-t muiUiffhU, A oomplunant
jUa^/e muitafad, The meaning (of a
phraae or writing). [men).
muitaftl, part. Consulting (wi3e
wnutaflkkir, part. Prood, Tain,
conceited.
iji\m^ mmtafrighf An emetic.
tXjAiMi^ mustaftd, part Acqoiriog, gain-
ing, profiting (jn acienoe and wealth).
^aufTnMt^ muita/id, part Bivnlged, dif-
^}A'i^n^ wmUMUf part. Fatnre; the
fnturetenseofaTerb. ^}Ji&M^\ ^t^t,
Time fotare. [dnth .
muitakUl, part Wishing for
muiiakirf Bemaining firm ; dwell*
ine, haying a fixed reaidence ; oonatant, ateady,
atable ; conflrminff, Strengthening. Muitakar,
part paaa. A dweuing.
^.dAiAM^ muitakiif part. Carious.
Jjis^M^ miuiakilf part Particular, abso-
lute, independent; having plenipotentiary
powers. tsTJMM^ musiakilan, Abso-
lutely, expreaaly, specially.
Ag&Uio^ muatatim, part. Eight, straight,
faithftil, true, loyal, well constituted, haying
a good tendency. Standing erect, rising up.
g,»A\m^ kfi^, A right line. ^j^'. m <<
^ISSl, Of a just proportion, of an
erect figure.
jfjjj^y^^ mustakrah, part. pass. Abom-
inable, disagreeable. Held in disgust
t^Cs^.^ muatakrl, part Hiring, renting.
The tenant of a house.
_fticu«u« mustai/i, part. Desiring one to
I do anything effeetoally or auflicieatly.
(366)
^^Zm*^ mwtahwl, part. Bequiring the
eantery. [neooawujf.
ajIclm^ mnutakm^ Which causes, makes
Ju&M^ mtuiamtdf part. Asking assist-
tnoe or aid agoinft an enemy.
muttamir, part. Furm, constant,
durable. Continuing, penuting, lasting long.
vIXumCUmu^ mustamiikf part. Apprehend-
ing, seizing, holding hBt, containing. £e-
stnuning oneself.
^4Xm^ mustami^, part. Hearing, listen-
ing; a listener; a hearer.
J^icum^ mustatntl, part. Loathing, be-
eoming tired, disgusted.
^aSm^^ mtutamm, part. Asking a fiaTonr.
VimVim^ mustanhit, part. Causing to flow,
OTerflowing. Acquiring knowledge in the law
by ii^nnity and stndy. Appearing (as any-
toing before concealed).
hVr.im^ mustamd, part. Leaning upon or
supported by anything, ^dc S'^r,,^^
mmtanttd ^layihy A thing or person leant
upon for sapport.
Ma:r»AM^ muatansih, part. Asking advice,
consulting ; considering as a faithful monitor.
^j]r\v\m^ muitanttk, part. (Ghxi) making
rational, bestowing the gift of speech. In-
terrogator; one who proceeds to interrogate
either the plaintiff or the defendant.
^&r*fcM>< muitanki^ part Stagnating,
regorging (water).
^^\in*^ mtutanhid, part. Bousing, ex-
citing. Ordering one to rise to do anything.
■ji^Mi^ muatataTf part. Shining, glancing,
sparkling, or deriving its light from something
eue. [steady, constant.
^^Mt^ muaiawiikf part. Solid, firm,
L_ -'*»j"--».^ fmuittuytb, part. Meriting,
proper, worthy of. c-jUaII
Deserving a punishment.
^jlyJt, Deserving a reward, merito-
rious.
^jU^^yiM»^ fMutatohM, Afflicted, mourn-
ful, sayaee. One who ii afflicted and mourn-
ful for the absence of those whom he Iotcs ;
he is inconsolable, because he nusses them.
One who, being always by himself, and having
no intercourse with society, has become wild
and savage. ^^-^ ^yJ^^^y.^^^^ ^Jt^
j\JU\ hiij\ ^ J^\, J^ J^ 4A^\
They shrni the society of men, have yellow
eyes and black faces, sod are of small sise, the
height of each one of them being four spaas.
J^yuM^ muttawhd, part. (A plaee) Ml
of soft clay or mud.
eJyu«U mwtawdi^, part. Desiring one
to picsene anything committed to his can.
Committing, recommending. Mmtawdii^f
.part. pass. A person with whom, or a place
where, anything is deposited. The utenui
matrix, or womo.
jf>*t^ moitur (fem. ijjLm^\ Covered^
concealed, hid, veiled, ijf^^ maa-
inrah, Aohaste matron. CL^Ijiyuu^l^l?,
The crown of ladies or matrons (a title often
given to princesses).
^fM*^ mtMtocM^ti^,part. Desiringanother
to make anything evident. EndeaYOuring to
discover anything distinctly, by holding the
hand over the e^^es to keep off the glare of
light. An explainer, narrator. [dear.
^fMt^ mtutawfl, Sufficient, ample,
^jbfM,*^ mustatptm, part. Besiding in a
place which one has adopted as his own native
country. Fixed, estabushed for good in a
country.
jjyuM^ mttitawtid, part. Kindling (fire).
wyuM^ muBtawki^ Expecting, waiting
for. Hoping.
^Jy>.M*^ muitaiotl, part. Overcoming,
' subduing, taking possession of, surmounting.
c^'*^^y■M<^ mustawhih, part. Asking a
present.
4^yLMyb^ mmiiawff part. Equal, straight,
direct, i^^s^m*^ J^^ tathi ifiutfocpl, A
plane supei^cies. b^a^>^ muttawiyan.
Equally, directly.
i*lfUA^ mu9tah&m, Astonished, distracted,
wandering or unsteady in mind. ^;I^
l\y ^\f»m4\\ iX^ X[U^, They say it
is forbidden for the beauties to show fiivonr,
r
(367)
nd thai At ikeddiiir of tbe blood of loren U
kw&l, and Aat the lore-fiek can do nouglit
to aunSet kit imd nd Ebenlly forfeii it in
lore, wliuk ii i gme. I cry out in my long-
ing lad trdonr of lore for ibe belored ; and
the vtowrt tffortt of the dittncted it to moan.
Jxy^ tmtakdny part paoB. Deepiaed,
tbjfitty btM.
jjfiii^ MKi^aibi, part Bidicoling; a
c»ditr; ooe wlio ii£ciilet otben. [moon).
Jfu^ mutsMUt Appearing (the new
j"'^'^ miut4^sir, part. Easy, qnick,
apsUw; prepared, well diipoaed, aiiaaged.
'isiy^ muUaykn, part. Watching,
inioiiig, vigilanty proiident
wmUijfkm, part Knowing for
wtirhiiig into, exploring.
wmitapnmt part Proaperoas,
aetii^ or htppoung fortnnatdj. A^nring,
dabBg oretosng anotiier to twear.
*lf^ tutfid and nuujad (pL J^L*^),
A waiae, ttnple, or place of wonhip.
Jis^l, The mosques of Mecca or
Medina. «^l^y The great or general
aaqoe, where prayert are taid erery Friday.
;^1 Ss^\ (or jjj/Jl J^5***^t),
The temple of Mecca. ^^-aiH Juk-*^\,
^ trapU of Jemfidem, or the Tnrldth
Basque there. c^gjff?^ J^^s^'^, A
iim IB the Ttlley of Muna, near Mecca.
^^9^ That part of the forehead which
tec^ the gnHDid in the adoration called
mmtyja^, Bhymed prose, bat
M BKtrieaL The Arabiant oontider it at a
^ betttT m oratory to make their periodt
^^B^in rnyme and cadence.
jT* — lyg/, Proved, authenticated,
Qditaledbya judge. Intcribed in tiie re-
r-^cfaeoortofUw. [God.
^'^^^ maafnd leh. Adored, adorable.
moifUnf Imprisoned.
{^ MM^ Washing, wiping, cleaning.
j*^Jati»g. Drawing the hand oyer the tnr-
•^Qoftajr liquid, or over the head in order
^|J|ipe it; handling, ttrokaij^, nibbing.
^jynag, ogoling. The canonical mode of
^'i^nnogeeitain parte of the tmallerablntion,
'^ tmaka (pL of MtAM^), Anointed
uti-Adl (pi. Ji^\m^)9 The
thin cuticle or membrane coTering the ontaidt
of the skull. UJf J^o-lle, The
membraaet of hesTen, i. «. Thin clondt.
M^^^ ^ i}i^^^*^f ^e grosser parts
of fat which adhere to the inttttinti.
Is^*^ MM-M, One unction.
^^t Imf'^ wutihai W Mirtfdia' or
gj^ri^Vi Ads*^ moihae «/ dUlroA, The
extreme nnction.
fliMnAAor, part. pass. Pasdnated,
enchanted, ddnded by witchcraft. Endned
with Innga.
jys*'^ moi'karf Enchanted, fsscinated.
2kLti^ iJj Jj, And the King went
oat, and found the youn^ man who had been
enchanted waiting ror him, and he oongratn-
lated him on hit tafety, and the young man
kitted hit hand and thanked him.
Jyx**^ mot-Aftifc, Worn, brayed, bnused.
^^^ masih, Changing, metamorphosing
into a more deformed shape (etpedally men
into animali).
muialMhar, Conquered, subdued,
broQght under tubjection.
mai'kharat, A buffoon, fool,
jetter, a droll, a wag; a faoetiout man. A
man in matqnende. A pleatantry, anything
ridiculont or mirthful, tport [odiout.
]ffyai^'^ maakhut, Hateful, disagreeable,
JOuu^ muioddad, part pass. Well di-
rected ; rectified ; managing affaire with judg-
ment and tuceett.
J^ Jum^ nuudud, Obstructed, shut, closed.
2y*^ nuuarral. Cheerfulness, gladness,
joy. Britknett, liyelinett, hi^pinett.
Ij^jiM^ vuurajatf A lamp-stand.
c^^Mb^ mtitrtfr, part. Quick, making
natte. Hating a qnick-goingbeatt of burthen.
Going fatt, or ordering to be ezpeditiout.
uJ^AM^ mum/, Prodigal, extrayagant.
>^^f**-^ nuurHljy Saddled (horse).
J3j**^ ffkMfilr, Olad, cheerful, exulting,
gaj, happy, eontent, joyfiiL uiJLLi
(368)
And she said, 0 my lord, on my head and mj
eye ! in the name of Ood ! ^whicb is eqntralent
to saying, I will do it with all my heart.)
And ihe sprang np, full of happiness, and rery
glad to do it.
iji^j^^**^ nuurUk, Stolen, robbed.
^"--^ mw«^te*, Made flat. iJ'^*^ }ij
hurrah mmattahdh^ A .plani-Bphere.
mutaUahy Plano-oonoaTe.
^om^ miitar or i^Vi^^, A geometrical
rale by which right lines are drawn. Parallel
threads strained on a piece of pasteboard, used
by those who oopy^ mannscnpts for nding
lines. Mtuatiir, Writing. MusaUar^ Written,
a wilting.
jjom^ nuuinr, Written, delineated, de-
scribed, specified, expressed.
j\mm*^ mii^r, A poker, a piece of wood
with which fire is stirred. jUam^
<mJj^\f A ndeer of war, a seditious
man.
Oyiu^ nuu^ad (or Jjut*^), Happy, for-
tonate ; &Tonrable, propitious. \^\jj
• j;^^^ JJ, And they say that
"this notion is cherished as a slight consola-
tion by those who are content with a sorry
maintenance, and repine not at bad food or
Bcanty measure." But if thon determine on
traTeUing abroad, and preparest thy staff and
wallet for the journey, oaoose first a com-
panion who will be a real assistance to thee ;
for as a neighbourhood must be known before
the house, a ^ood companion must be pro-
Tided before a journey ii undertaken.
j^iiM^ nuufUr, Written, abore mentioned,
touched upon before.
C^yuu^ nuufak, Shed (blood).
IoLm^ nuukat, A place, especially where
anything falls. (j*X)\ laLw.^, A native
country (where one falls at birtti).
\aAM^ Mueat or Muteat, a large seaport
of Arabia, standing on a peninsula in the
Arabian Sea. It is the capital of the Imanat
of Mascat, and in 1607 was taken by Albu-
<^uerque. For nearly 160 years after, it con-
tinued in possession of the Portuguese. About
the year 1648, howerer, it was r^aken by the
natiyes, who hare ever since retained it. It
trades with the British settlements in India,
the Malay peninsula, the Red Sea, and the
east coast of Africa. The goTemment of the
Imaum is the most drilixed and orderly of
any either in Persia or Arabia. Accordingly
Mascat is resorted to as a sort of mi^asine for
goods by vessels from erery port in Persia and
Arabia. It carries on a verr large trade, by
caravans, with the Arabe of tne interior. The
town is walled round and strongly fortified.
The harbour is defended by forts, and a laif^
fleet mar moor tiiere in sarety. It u the resi-
dence of a British consul. i%»p. estimated at
60,000 or 60,000. Za/. 23° 38' N. Xom. 69"
16' B. — Mascat, Imanat of, eompriaes the E.
portion of the Arabian peninsula, and is both
an extensive and a powerful state, havinj; an
army of 20,000. llie Imaum has unrestricted
power, and possesses the most effective naval
force of any native prinee from the Gape of
Oood Hope to Japan.
Eoofed, floored,
maiku/, Eoofed.
^^Lm^ nrnkum^ Infirm.
nmka\ Watered (field) by art,
or by a rivulet. Watered (a horse, a camel).
Tempered (steel or iron).
moBh^ Seising, holding fast,
taining,reBtraining,checking oneself,refraining.
C»C»i < mUh or mu%ky Mask. ^^^
iilCwy«^, A mnsky soap ball.
{jlSm^^ muskit, part. Ordering sUenoe,
striking dumb.
j(m ^ tnuakir, part. Inebriating. Any
intoxicating liquor.
^^^Cw*^ moikin (pL ^Lm^), A dwelling.
A habitation, an abode.
JuLm.^ nuukanat, Poverty, misery. Hu-
mility, modesty.
<i ;C.«H^ Maskaneh, The new port of
Aleppo, on the Euphrates, for the steam-boats
navigating between Aleppo and Bagdad.
i^f^Lm,^ matk^h, Poured out (as water),
cast (as metals).
C/yLM^ masknk, Coined, etruok.
^j^Lt^ tnaskun, Habitable, inhabited.
^^(m0.^j^9 TTninhabited.
(jMk«
(369)
J JL^ wwhunf Inhabited, or possessed
vith dnib. Thtn is a Tery remarkable
Mimite eonveat, in Moant libmon, six
boaa' jaanej to the eist of Tripoli, called
tb ooareai of Knhaia, in which the monka
exoroBe, ti in the fint ages of the Church,
thote who art rappesed to be posseased with
devik Some jeszs ago there was a man of
tkk eife^«7, who put the patience and the
\atBaf of the monhs to tiie proof. This
Boa, to ootwaid appearsnee healuiy, was anb-
ieettoaddaa eooTiuiions, which threw him into
• bad nf BMdneB, aometimeo aullen, at othera
nokst He tore, he bit, he foamed at the
aotii Hta osoal expreasion was — Theiun
^•fmether, let me mdon htr. The prieata
aJBoa drovned him with ablations, tormented
Ibg vish hains and prayer, and, at length,
» tikey reported, drore ont the deTils ; but,
firat the aeeount giTen by more intelligent
^^BBTOB, it ia infenred that those suppoeed to
be poaKswd with dovils are no other than
peaoaa afBicted with idiotey, madnesBi and
y^^^ wmd^, Mosky ; of tbe colour of
Bink, da^ One who aella musk.
^«?v ■.•■>■< atMJ^jt (fem. << ;.j ( mi ^ pi.
w>;JLmo and ^j^Lm^), A poor man,
> ^>eggar, a miaerable wretob. Humble, aup-
pliant ^\^ J^jl\ cL^Jl* b ^^\
d^S \}^S L5^^» ^^^9 ^ ^^ ®^
tsesge, tad kaoiv that I am a poor person — a
'is^, brokoibearted. I haye become aepa-
nted from ray mother, fiunily, and brother.
^^'Ai*^ masaalai, A question, proposi-
tiiio' tf^gtmJ j'mtcab JUuih almasaalahj Can
pv give me aa answer to thia question P
moAi/, A large needle for sewing
f^ mmallak, part pass. Armed,
jf^' tiatUth, A place wbere they
^^to sad akin animals. A slaughter-
wnuahal, part. Concatenated*
™«fflei Uoked. sewed, or fastened together,
^<^ aaeeeasxTe, eonaecutiTe, pUwed in
9M»allat, part A goTemor, ruler.
-^ntogatiBg dominiaa.
**■**--* sMfU^ or nuulAf A way, path,
^-act In iostitittion.
Jum^ mttt/tm (fem. JuLm^), A mussnl-
man. Jum^ musallm, part. Keeping
aafe, preaenrina; in liberty, rescuing. Saluting,
pronouncing a benediction or aatutation. Bless-
iDg the memory (of a dead man), saying
aILJI aAc, Peace be with him.
muilimln (pi. oblique of Jum^),
The Mahometans.
(i^^Lm^ nuulnh, Seized, snatched away.
Spoiled, stript, erred, forgotten.
^^ui/o moilukh, Skinned.
^^yyu^ mMluk, Boiled. ^^"^^^ (JX«^
iamak maalnk, Boiled fish. See ,J^»
Fried, and vJ>^» Eoast.
JjLu^ moBllkl^ Drawn, led, brought out,
unsheathed. ConsumptiTe.
j\ajm^ mitmdrf A nail, pin, peg, stake.
vJ!/UMM/f mismdk, A tent-pole.
^UyuA^f 4^1 <i^7 masmmatf Belations,
firiends, intimate companions.
w<y>u.>o miima^. The ear, the organ of
hearing.
^ji^jM^ mu8min (fem. <Ua***^ mu9manai),
Fat. Naturally fat. ^vJL>*.>o miMammo-
»a^, Fat by art or care. Fattened.
cy%M^^ nuMtnu^, Heard, audible.
My^^M^ nuumUm, Killed or injured by
poiMo, infected (meat), poisoned (sword). (A
day) distressingly sultry by the blowing of a
hot wind.
^.4mm^ musammif part. act. One who
" gives a name or a title to another. One who
nppoints; an appointer. Mi*9amma\ part,
pass. Named, called, intituled, denominated,
uscribed.
^j***^ munn, Aged, old in years.
^^^Mb<« misan, A whet-stone, anything on
which another is sharpened.
mamadf A large cushion on which
they recline. A prop, a support.
muaannadf Which has been made
to lean (against aomething), leant Imputed,
attributed.
^u^u^ musannam, In profile. *1ma^ j^^^j
ram tnutannam, A drawing or figure in profile.
^^iwyywo maitiHn, (Ground). ^irj^filJ
^jy^M^, A canon or rule ; in law p
24
(370)
Uu
erangelieal eouncQ. Founded on or sopported
by an act or Baying of Mnhammed.
^jy*^ muiowwadat (fern, of J^m<^),
Blackened. A black thinr. A note or memo-
random book, the firrt Ketch, ooneeptioii, or
rongh draft of anytiiing, with many olottings
and corrections. 2f JJb tySu^ tJ^ ,.y
jrjyM^l man yakdir yaibayyid hasih al
muMtPtpadah, Who can make a dean copy of
this dranght P
(jy*^ mtuulf Asked, demanded, inter-
rogated, requested. A petition; anything
sned for. i:!:^^^^^ (pi. fern.), Petitions,
prayers, questions.
^<^{*H ^ mas'hib, Speaking mucli, a
blabber. [the belly.
(JfiM^ rnui-hH, part. Laxatiye, loose in
^Um^ mtuCa, Evil-doer, mischievons.
4\jdj ^Jam^I S:>-\y 1^, And he arose
and walked forward to the prince, and Idssed
his bead, and with weeping ejes, said to hkn,
0 my wm be not angry with me; be not
angry with the eyil-doer for his deed.
i^^m^.^ musayyab, part. pass. Dismissed,
set at liberty. Tacant. [thorns.
masljat, An indosore fenced by
.^AM^ mualk, Anointed. ,^Um^I, The
anointed, the Messiah, our Lord Jesus Christ
The MusBulmen hold in ^rcat Teneration the
scene of some of the actions of Jesua Christ,
whom they style Issa Ihn Mariam (Jesus the
son of Mary), such as Mount Zion, Mount
Oliyet, Mount Tabor, and the like, supposing
him to be a prophet ; but they ri<ficu& eyery
fact and place connected with his crucifixion
and deatn, alleging that the person who
suffered was Judtu^ whilst he nimself was
taken up alive into heayen . 1 1 is remarkable^ —
observe the Mussulmen^ that in the early
Christian ages, he is represented as sitting
on a throne, and not in tne revolting attitude
of crucifixion.
Jl^jJI .^^.«.^\ al miAh Mqffdl,
The Antichrist. According to the Mus-
lims' traditions, he is to be one-eyed, and
marked on the forehead witii the letters
£. F. R. signiiyinff Kafir, Infidel They say
that the Jews give aim the name of '* Messian
Ben David," and pretend he ii to oome in the
last days, and to be lord both of land and sea,
and that he will restore their kingdom. He is
to appear between El £nk and Syris, anori
inff to other traditions, in the prorince f\
Khvasfin. They add that he is to rid« on at
ass ; thai he will be followed by 70,000 Jc^
of Ispahan, and eontinne on earth forty davi
of which one will be equal in length to t yai
another to a month, another to a week, m
the rest will be eommon days ; that bs is o
lay waste all places, but will not enter Hclbl
or Medmah, wbidi are to be gnaided V
angels ; and that at length he will be slain b
Jesus, who is to enoounler him at the gtte o
Lud. It is said that Mohammed foRtoi
several Antichrists, to the number of abot
thirty ; but one of greater note then the n>\
maHhl, A Christian.
ma*lr, Gk>ing, walking, prooeedic|
on a journey, travelling.
iJ:*A««.^ matt/, A channel ; aflozorstreai]
of water.
^Lm.^ muihdUh, part. Like, resemblingi
ci^LfjLyywe (pL fern.), 8imilitad£E>
semblances.
^Llu« mmhdlahat, Similitade, the com
parison of things similar. i^\JL/tl
Id mwhSbahah heinal tci
beinahu, There is no comparison between fivt
and him.
^«jluL« mushdtamai, A reproach. C&ll
ing each other names, mutual reviling.
ij>-\AL^maMjarai, Rewating, opposing!
controverting. Dispnte. ^^ ^^
jt^LuaaII ij^ Imfm mm tab^ «
muthajarah^ It is against m j temper te nsL
disputes with any one.
iLl^ mushdr, part pass. Signified, in
dioated. ^uJljlyL* mmhdnm i2syA
Above mentioned, aforesaid, touched ii]k>
before, related above.
c^UL^ mashdrih (pL of ^^^u*^), Drinks
things in general which are portable.
iiojXj^ mushdratai, Acting or makin;
an agreement on certain conditiooi
A^tmi haamb karmimk mim gktiyir^ awiAort
toA, Give me according to your generoar
without making any ba^ain.
uJ;Uiu« moihdrif (pi. of %^jJL^
Eminences. [jf^^''^
J^ll^ maahdrik (pi. of J/^)» Easten
\Hj\JL^ muihdrik, part A oompaoict
associate, comradBy partaer.
\jU
(371)
iij\jL€ MttA^falm^ Batermg into part*
nosfaqt. Coiiimaiiitj,iodet}r,aaoeialion,com-
mimieatioii^ eorre^ondenoe. i^j\JL^
4^t>» A vaitf of Mli^on.
muMi (pi. of kl^). Combs.
j?i«ii^
O'^ mldia^, The ait of ooinbing the
bir. MmiSt€tj The maaner of combine.
•I I *
<ipU^ mtuMsM, A comber^ a wait-
i^'wi I bride-dreaer, a tire-womaii.
c wflMdid^^ part. pass. Diynlged. Ifn-
^Hfriltcd. Undivided, undiTiMble property.
JfLU maihd^ (pL of JaI^), Lan-
tsM^foidM. Flmei, lights, splendoim.
^\t^mmha^]Mat, In jimngf^ defaming,
Hpabbliag, naaag tamnlta. [face.
*^^ mm^fahat, ^eakin^ to one's
j^l^AoiAfli; AiBietions, ineonTenienoes.
^^ muthdkaif Whaterer falls from
^t vool wbea combed. [GnUefiihiess.
^^•^ MttAdioml, Showing gratitade.
J^vl^ SNuMb?, part. Besembliag, suit-
^ appoate, ooiKWiiieitt
«t^ wmiidipir, part A, counsellor^ sen-
ator. j^^l-Mb^, Coonsellors.
'^9»1^ mushaw^Hrat, Counsel, consulta*
^ deHbentioiiy conference, debatew
<^ll^ wmikdkui, part. Seeing, eontem-
pii^. One who lees. MmMdhad, Seen,
•ntniplssed.
'•^^ sNMAdAoM or mushdhadah,
Sgh.t, lision, contemplation, speculation.
L^ iZj\sA\j^, The oontemplations
« Tiaoof of fdnire, absent, or inriaible things,
iu^ll/*, A testimoDj.
1;^*^ mmhdkarai, Baigaining by the
■ndi. HontU J wages.
/^^ (pL of j>^fyL«), Celebrated men.
f^ (pL of ;^), The chiefs of the
^^ sf fiedoniBS. The prinelpal shaikh in
^ tribe definays the cnams of all who
*^ St or leave ihe camp. He Teoeifes the
^ of the aUMM, sad of every person who
^^BBas with tiiem. Af^oining to his tent
> * hkfe paviUkm for the reeeptios of all
J^^en ttd pesMOg^. There are held
^^■^vos amsmbties of the shaikhs and princi-
N nea to determine on encanpnients and
'^■rrals, on peace and war, on the differences
*tth Ihe ^Qagea, sad the litigations and qaar-
lels of individuals. To this crowd, which
enters successively, he most give coffee, bread
baked on the ashes, rice, and sometimes roasted
kid or camel — ^in a word, he most keep open
table ; and it is the BM>re important to him to
be generous, as this generosity is closely oon-
Be<Sed with matters of the greatest conse*
quence. On the exercise of this depends hia
credit and hii power. The fiamished Arab
nmka the Uberalit]^ which feeds him before
every virtue; nor is this prejudice without
foundation, for experience has proved that
oovetott chiefs never were men of enlarged
views; hence the proverb, as just as it is
brief, " A close fist, a narrow heart.'*
^ tmuhahhak, part. Latticed,
grated, retifbrm.
ijJi^ muiMhah, part. pass. Counter-
feited, like, resembling.
kI^JjJ^ numhb^f Engaged (or rather
intricately entangled) in a bad business, from
which one would like to extricate oneself, bat
cannot do so.
\sJ^ moihtd, Winter quarters.
J^s,£^ muJUah^ part. pass. Fall of de-
sire ; wishing to see an absent friend ; anxious,
longing, f Jk>- uXJ\ j^\:kMu« \j\ and
muthtak ila^Tkjiddam, I am very longing (de-
sirous) to see you.
CJjJL^ tnmhiabiki part. Mixed, con-
fhsed. Latticed, grated, made like a net.
IfSUi^ tmuhtoMf part. Obscnre. An
ambiguity.
t^xJL^ mmhtad, Increased in strength.
]cjxJL^ muihtarit, part.Makiug acondition.
[^iJm^ ihmhtarak, Common, reciprocal.
d^*:***^! (jl^f > Common sense, i^
^jxJL^f^ A word of many significations,
common to many senses.
iJJijJL09 aJx ^yJL% maksum ^alayik
muahUnruh^ Oommon measure.
i^J^^J^ wuehtarlf A bnyer. i^yLuUif
dir ktd yawm yashtartf The buyer can every
day buy. The planet Jupiter. M%uhiara\
Bought.
JjcA/e mmfUa^t Inflamed.
wimhia^Ml, Employed.
mmhia/l, Eeoovering health.
jfSLuL* mushtak, part. pass. Derived (aa
one name from another).
A^
(872)
^\i3JL^ muehtakU, part Doabtful, diffi-
cult. Obscure.
^JcJjj^ mushtaki, pait. act. Gomplain-
ingf lamentmg. Muahtaka*, part. pan. Any-
thing oofiDplained of. ^JcJL^Jl ULiJioj
tuaartul mmhiakl wa
tami^tushakioahf I saw the plaintiff, and heard
his complaint.
^JAsJlu^ mtuhtamil, part. Comprehending,
containing, surrounding, embracing.
mttshiahar, Famous. Proclaimed.
^fi*M^ tnushiahl, part. Loyiog, wishingi
desiring.
mashjar (fern, ifys^*^)^ A grove,
planted with trees. MuMhjir^ part. (Ground)
producing trees. Abounding in trees. Mu$h-
qifar, A garment figured wiu trees.
mash'hun, Filled, full.
JJuuA.^ i~^j^- harf muihaddad, A letter
marked with the sign of di^licatioii ("), called
j^JuuL^ maahdud, Bound, fastened.
l^jJm^ mashrahf Nature, temper, hu-
mour. LmJjMi*^\ immLk]n\, Of an amiable
disposition, aJSable, good-natured.
^j^^ nuuhrahf Anything which can
be drank — liquor, water, etc. ^jij J^
^x^ j^Ui ^^ ljji\ ^ ^ ^
with me aught of worldly goods, neither food
nor drink, and I had become desolate, weary
in my soul, and despairing of life.
i^jJ^ mwhrif, part. Imminent, im-
pending, near. An eminence, a high place.
i^^l ijJ^ ^K« CJ^\ t So now his
aoul was restored to him, after he had bought
himself at the point of destruction by reason of
the violence of his fear. ^J^c |^^Li Jj
Jlc J^ J* \yj^\ Js^ J^Ui
jsx]\ ^Jlc 4-J;*u-*, They then pro-
cecded along the eeanwast until ^ey came in
jigbt of a high mountain overlooking the sea.
musharrqf^ part. pass. Exalted,
honoured, ennobled.
JjJ^ mashruh (pL jjj^)f The East.
^jJj*^ muahrik (fern. SijJIu^ mmhrtiat)^
Shining, refulgent. -p.Iji \.^^\j ^J^
M
^jw^ , And on her head was a crown
of gold, with a fillet of jewels ; on her neck
was a necklace of jewek, in the middle of
which were refulgent gems.
CJi/^ muihrik (pi. ^^jJSj>^)^ part. In-
fidel. Any misbelieyer who, denying verbally
or practically the unity of God, treats any-
thing else as a partner m the Godhead ; those
who oelieYe in the Trinity of Grod.
{^jJm^ mwhrdk, part. pass. A thing
common to many.
L^^jL^ mashrub, Imbibed, drank, po-
table. CL^\jjijJL^ (pi. fern.), Liquors.
^^j***^ nuuhruh, Explained, declared,
illustrated. Above-mentioned.
^yu«^ tnashriit, Agreed upon, stipulated,
obliged by paction. Prefixed.
i^^jlL^ maahr&tah, A piece of property
in mortmain, with the condition that, before
being applied to public purees, certain pri-
vate conditions ahall he earned out.
9^y^ fnashru^f Initiated, beguu, com-
menced. Legal, just, prescribed by law.
IsjuL^ maaht, Combing. Musht (pl.^\^L<«\),
A comb.
jXux^ mishear (or /^\j^\jftJ^\), The
Kaaba or Temple of Mecca ; a place dedicated
to religious ceremonies ; die rites of the temple
of Mecca. External sense (aa hearing, seeing,
etc). Muthfjr, part. Signifying, indicating,
making a sign, giving information. Hairy,
«haggy.
JjLuu^ nuuh^p A torch, a flambeaUi a
lantern, a fire-grate, a pharos or light-house.
A staff with a cylindrical frame, commonly of
iron at the top, filled with fiaminf wood^ or
havinff t^no, tnree, four, or five of these re-
ceptacles for fire. The mash*al with a single
receptacle for fira is the most common, and
the entire length is generally about seven feet.
<djtMM« nuuhifhalat, Business, employ-
ment, occupation*
^)ytJL^ nuMh^hul, Busied, wholly dedi-
*A«*«^
(373)
JuL^
caied ta anything, diligent, anzions about
\oo^ J^ami^ /b^\ lit and al y^wm
mash^hul jiddan^ I am Tery busy to-day.
^ir^.UfcJl ^ ^^^ J>^, With
yonr penniaiioo, I wotdd go to my mother ;
for I have been with you a period of dam
and the hearts of my people are troubled
respecting me, and they are ei^iecting me.
i>A%%JL^ mMh§h^liyahf Bosinefls, ooca-
pation. Bdng busy, the state of one who is
)iBy."
-• *
mtMA/S£» part. Condoling, pitying,
compassionate, merciful, showing favour. Kind.
fjJ^ mashk, An example, a copy to
write after ; an exerdse.
&^1^ mnhakkai (pi. CI^UA^), Afflic-
tion, incouTenience, adrersity, pain, distress,
nkfortuBe. ^ ^L«lJt uXJl^ \j
CSU\ Ld^l jj^ V3U v^\j cJjf^
Ui: jSJbf^ ^ C^\ , 0 king
of the age, yeriW the thing that I want thou
art able to perform, and it is in thy power,
and thou art in possession of it. 1 do not
impose upon the king a difficulty, nor am I
mad, that I should ask of the king a thing
that he is unable to accomplish.
tjLl^ tnushiil, Difficult, intricate ;
dottbtflil, obscure, ambiguous. A difficulty.
J^\ ^,vx4b>< ^yLrn^ mash'kal mumta-
ni^ half The Oordian knot. J^JL^
muihakkal. Formed, well-shaped, assorted,
beautiful, handsome. [plained of.
yLuA^ moihku or ^^Jj^, Anything com-
j^Lu.^ mashkUrf Thanked. Worthy of
thanks or praise. Praised, laudable, agreeable,
acceptable, rewarded, acknowledged.
CS^J^ maahknk, Transfixed witk a
spear.
J"***^ fiuuhlak, A cloak made of a eoaiBe
stuff of eoat's hair, sometimes white, some-
times black, sometimes striped black and white.
^JL4jL^ muth-mtuh, An apricot with a
sweet, abo with a bitter, kernel. Large quan-
tities of dried fruits are annually exported to
Constantinople and other parts of the Levuit,
and are a source of great reyenue to the in-
habitants, [wax cloth.
mushamtna^ part. pass. Waxed ;
J^4wuL« nuuhmul, Comprehended, eon>
tained, surrounded.
AytJM^ tfuuhmum, Smelt
ijySji^ tfuuhwarat, Counsel, consultation.
i^yuut mushatpwash, Disturbed, con-
fused, intricate, embroiled.
j^u^ tnttshaunffikf part. act. Kindling,
inflanung with desire.
KlSyL^ mtuhwik, part. Bearing thorns.
AAMu* maahumy Unfortunate, unlucky
(thin? or place), bringing ill-luck to the owner
or holder.
(^^Lm* tnashwl, Roasted. ^yL^li ^
lahm hakar mushwij Boast beef. ^^
(^yL<« ^^ lahmghanam muihwl, Boast
mutton, i^y^A^ uJj^U^Maril^miwAtrf,
Boast lamb. ijyS^^ i^^j\ amah mush-^
«7l. Boast hare. \^y^ t^JcJb CS^jidik
hindt mmhwl, Boast turkey. ^W~<^
^^ dijaj miMAwf, Eoast obicken.
4^yL« i^A^ jamal muBhw^, Boast
camd.
iXfl^ mash'htd, A place of confession of
fbith or of heayenly Tision.
J^|A^ nuuh'had, s. A place where any
one was killed for the true religion, or where
he is buried. A place of martyrdom.
<\fyL« mushah'hid, part. One who calls
for or brings evidence. ^uLc JkfuL«
muahah'had ^layeh. One against whom evi-
dence is called. ^ J|^filu« mash-hud
lahu, One in whose fayour evidence has been
already given. JlIa ^^^^^ mash-hud
fjilaifih. One against whom evidence has been
alreadygiven in favour of another. J^fuuu«
JLkfib aI mash'hud lah hijfamdl, One
whose beauty has become proverbial, like
Joseph. ^uCsrb ^ J^fuL^ mash-hud
lak bilMkmahf One known by his wisdom, lika
Solomon. 4>^UaiSlj ^ 43^fwL« mash-
^
<874)
\a^
kmd Uk mjmaaaJkmA^ On* known by bis elo-
Uk«Cweio.
J^MAm^ Meached, a city of Per-
mm^ in the province of Khonasan, standii^ in
n fertile pbda, nnd inclosed by strong walk.
Fire of its tweWe qnarters are now in rains.
It is dtstinginsbed by a Tery splendid maqso-
Isam, in wMch repose the asnest^ Imam fteaa,
and of the Caliph Haronn-al-Raschid ; but its
houses are meanly bnilt, and mostly composed
of $un- dried bricks. Man/, Velyet of the finest
quality^ and ftir pelisses, much esteemed. Bop,
60,000. Z4i/.8r86'N. Zon.6r^
^ J^fSU MeshhedAU, Mesched AU, a
town of Asiatic Turkej, thirty miles from the
ruins of Babylon. It is well bnilt, defended by
a f»ood wall, deep ditch, and lofty towers. The
wost conspicuous obiect as tihe tomb and
mosque of Ali, which draws numerous pilgrims
towards it Hip, Unascertained.— This place
WAS the capital of the Arab and Christian
dYuasties, till taken by the Su-acens in the
7 th ccntuiy,
\jiJ^ maih'hftr, Celebrated, published,
di^uljrod, conspicuous, illuatrums, fhmons.
Pubho, notorious, well known.
^JLe moihf/t Walking, going. \^ JliLi
^M^J^^^ 4 uy^ ^^ *^^^
m M
j^ij\y And the king eaid to her :
And how do they walk in the sea without
bving wetted P And she said: We walk in the
Ma aa you walk upon the land. ^m*<J|^
And the clad him in women's apparel, and
•(lid to him, Walk behind me, and incline thy
bitdy from side to side as thou steppest, and
|M uptsed not with a hasty pace, nor take notice
ut any one who may speak to thee.
f\it*U^ muht^^, One who discovers or
liUU lUL
^ ^JL^ mathlb, Growing hoary (the
((('Mil J i bti<!oming old. Grey hair, hoanness.
ik ,,4'f mu»h\yaif Will, pleasure.
^4^^.« ma$hydkh^t^ Seniors, elders, old
liH«M, l^rinri'S, presidents, chief priests, prelates,
ll((((i<i« Uit|mblio. The dignity or quality
fad, Extended in length
3igh, raisMl (edifice). Firm,
v^V
-•-
solid, strengthened. \j\j Ji^^
(jM^)^, And we walked to it; a,
behold it was a parilion, with loftv pillaif i
hi^ walls, baring a gate with fokmng dM
which was open ; and the door was of ebon
wMuihayyid, One who Inulds, kj
or erects broadly or finnly.
miMAir, A counsellor, g«nei
«Qnremor. A commander ; one who ooBumao
directs, orders. The title of pashas of t
first class, who are either mhusten of tti
goTemors-general of prorinoes> or fall genet
oommandbg armies.
IaJL^ mwMmaL The membrane whi
M ' I
enwraps the foetus in the womb, and cui
along with the birth.
A^iuA^ mash'iim, Ualucky, that whi
brings bad luck to the owner or hokier.
Up^Ux^ muidb, Btrock (as aa arrow op
the mark). Hit, wounded.
^.^^^^La^ mu9dhA (fern. dL>>La«), pai
A companion, a friend, the iavowite of
prince. [iarity, oonreraation, 60ci«
mu9ahab€itg Company, fam
La^ nkwa At/(pl. of i^-iflBT**^ ), Bool
jj\^a^ matddtr (pi. of^ Jb^^), 8oQre(
Infinitiyes of verbs.
ijjLd^ mnsddarat, GoncasaKm, oppn
sion. €onfiscatmg to the crown.
uJjl.£«« muiddif, part. Finding, m»
utg, falling upon. ^jLa^, An c
counter.
jjLa^ musddtk, A corroborator or i
mitter of the truth of what is sa
^jLa^ musSdak, Conoborated, cc
firmed, admitted.
iJ^La^ muiddaiat, Sincere and muti
friendship, Terad^, sincerity^. A coirobo
tion of the truth of what is said.
i^t^Le^ musddamat, Collision, confti
a blow, the shock of combatants, beating
another.
^^Ld/s mutdrahat. Doing anjthi
openly. U|y«d^ muiarakan, Open
before another.
c^lio/* muidri^ part. A wrestler.
(376)
4s ,Lm mudra^, Wxefttling, throwing
dowiL [mcrnU.
.JjLm wuudrif, Ej^Dfles, disburse-
.J .*mm sidjilrfii, Intestines.
iJU« M«d/(pL of i.JL4z^), Fields of
Wttlc. Bi&b. A fteld of bstde, an army
l^Jt^a^mn&fU, Contracting and culti-
iMVfiMadilixp in ihe moat finoere and pnre
meda. Pore finandahip; h*Tmg a linoare
a^dnibmotlier.
^Am Mutd/ahat, Taking by the band,
jnaof or shaking lunda.
Jiii^ mud/l, One who contractsfiiend-
'ijf m ike BMMl affaetiiniate manner.
^'^A^ mutdiahat, Being opposite and
r^
..2^ sMid/, A tale, a fiction, a story.
^wi* wmdlik (pL <rf ^IL**-^), Affidrs,
cB^ojmc&ts, ooeapationa.
•^s' -04 miidM#^, EeooncUiaUon, aooom-
*'''*^tMip^ padfieation.
• ,1
<«ua« mutdnM^MJ, AfGsctation.
M*^^ mutdJkratj Affinity, connexion.
v^.^^ matdyib (pi. of ^>fl^). J^
^^2if^^, Bat say to the rejoicers in
cv &traH, Wait jet a little ; before you are
•Biartanci, and Tery great onea too.
<^«a« matd^idf Traps, snares.
y^o^ suMtft, part. Walking on a de-
eSntr, banging downwards, declining. The
smth or tke confinence of a riTer. Muutb,
^^nittea with lore. [lamp, a torch.
4
^^ mitbdh^ A ligbt, a lantern, a
^a« wmha^ha^ A dye house, dye works.
^•«3^ ■d«&«^A(fem.<U««d^ nuuhnghat),
^Hsd,dyed.
*r^ moihrnuhf A soap manufactory.
^^ wnudkkikf part. ICending, a
°Q^. An emendator. Husahhah, part.
]■«■ Mended. Emended.
M«^ SHW.^/, A book. c-i«f^S
714 Akoran. [dated.
V*'^ wuu^Hhf Accompanied, asso-
j^^^ mstdar, An origin, source, spring.
J3
theme ; the iaflnifciTe or noon of action of the
Arabic verb. A place. jJuo/o muiad-
dor, Strong in the hreaat
jl.d>e mmaiHh (fern. £jJua<«), part.
Verifying. A yerifyer, affirmer ; also one who
beUeYea another. One who receiyes or collects
alms, or whatever is due to God; one who
bestows, and also one who asks them.
jjud^ mmaddik, GprroboratiTe ; tbat
which admits and confirms the tmth of what
is in question. [complaint ; consumptive.
nuudur, Afflicted witb a cbest
ma»du^ Having the beadacbe.
MUr, Egypt; also its metropolis
Cairo, w^a^ munr, part. Ferseyerin^,
continuing, insisting upon anything. One
who pertinaciously sticks to any act or asser-
tion; obstinately persisting.
f ^ r-f miird^, One leaf of a folding
door. A hemistich, one verse.
^j*^^ mutarrahf Expressly and clearly
mentioned.
i^j^a^ nuura/f Expense.
c ^jio^ nuurU^f Prostrated, especially
fUling down in the epil^My.
nuurU/, Turned, cbanged. Ex-
pended. Spent, laid out, directed (in travel-
Ung) ; declwable (in grammar).
1^/-^^ MurJ, An Egyptian; (a native)
of Grand Cairo.
Ilj0a4i\ iJjjJt addawlat ul muiriyah, or
llj0^\j\lSi\ udiiy&r al tnturiyah,
E^rpt, a country of AMca, bounded on the
N. by the Mediterranean, £. by the Red Sea
and the Isthmus of Sues, S. by Nubia, and W.
by the deserts to the £. of Fezsan. £xL 460
geographioal milea. The greatest width of
the jOeita, from the Greek letter A, it beinf of
that form, is about 160 miles, from Alexandria
on the W., to the ruins of Pelusium on the £.
The average width of the Valley of the Nile is
about eight miles. Area, estimated at 1 1,000
milea. JDivinoni. It is divided into the Said
or UpjMr, the Voetani or Middle, and the
Bahan or Lower E^rpt. This last compre-
hends the Delta. Stie. Fertile only in the
Valley of the Nile and a part of the Delta.
This valley ia indosed by two ranges of hills ;
the one on the £. varying in height from 400
to SOO feet» and extending from Phils, at the
S. extremii^ of Sgypt, nearly to Cairo, where
they gradually b^n to sink, until finally lost
in the lathmus of Sues. The chain on the
W., or Libyan Chain, has a similar extent,
and divides the Nile from a wide valley, whichc
at some remote period, may have received tf
(376)
waters of the Nile, and a portion of which ii
now called '*the river without water." In
ancient times, so great was the fertility of this
country, that not a foot of ground remained
nncultiyated, and there was a large nnmher of
canals which are now filled up, but the re-
mains of which may, in many part^ be dis-
tinctly traced. Riven. The only one is the
Nile, which, for the last 1,600 miles of its
course, has no tributaries. It enters Egypt at
PhilsB, and its average width througnout
may be estimated at half a mile. By it a
number of artificial canals are supplied with
water for the purpose of irrigating the country,
as rain rarely, if ever, falls in Upper £^pt.
Lakes, The principal are Birket-el-Keroun,
or Lake Moens, in Middle Egypt, and Bourlos,
Hareotis, and Menzaleh, in Lower Egypt.
The last can only be considered as shallow
lagoons, separated from the Mediterranean Sea
by numerous sandy peninsulas. In the *< Yid-
ley of the Natron Lakes," to the N. of the
Libyan Desert, are found small pools, which
in winter give out a liquid of a violet colour,
leaving the substance called ** natron," — a
mixture of sulphate of soda and marine salt.
Climate, Oenerally uniform, and remarkably
dry. When a few drops of rain faU, they are
viewed by the inhabitants almost as a miracle.
In Lower Egypt, the latest observations give
thirteen days of rain in a year. Thunder and
lightning are nearly equally unfrequent. The
prevalent winds are from tne north, and con-
tinue from May to September, and from No-
vember to February. At intervals during
the spring, for about fifty days, Egypt is liable
to the terrible wind of the desert, the nmoom^
which, from its intense heat and dryness,
threatens, when long continued, almost the
extinction of animal life; fortunately, how-
ever, it seldom lasts above three days. The
heat of the olimate) combined with the filthy
habits of the people, is considered &vourable
to the ravages of the plague, which is supposed
to be indigenous, whilst ophthalmia, another
severe disease, is also peculiar to Egypt. 2bo-
hgy. The wild animals are tigers, hyenas,
wolves, antelopes, apes, black-cattle, horses,
large asses, crocodiles, hippopotami, the cham-
eleon, and a kind of rat, called ichneumon.
The birds are ostriches, eagles, hawks, peli-
cans, waterfowls of all kinds, and the ibis,
which resembles a duck, and was deified by
the ancient Egyptians, on account of its de-
stroying serpents and noxious insects. Among
the reptiles is a serpent called the cerastes, or
homed viper, whose bite is fatal to those who
have not the secret of guarding against it.
Jhro. Millet, maize, wheat, rice, onions, melons,
cucumbers, sugar, opium, tobacco, hemp, cot-
ton, lint, and indigo. The want of rain in
this country beine supplied by the annual in-
undation of the Nile, which begins to rise in
June and to subside in September, it can
hardly be said to depend for any of its fertility
upon the clouds. When the waters retire, all
the ground is covered with mud; then the
com is harrowed into it, and, in the following
March, there is usually a plentifol harvest.
But some lands are never fallow, and ,
three harvests annually, particularly is Lov^
Egypt, where sowing and reaping sjx goifi
on incessantly, wherever the water of the m^
can be obtained. The rioe-fields are mppli^
with water from canals and reaerroixs. Tbd
is no place in the world better furnished wi^
com, fruits, and all sorts of garden-stuff; n^
in Lower i^ypt, oranges, lemons, figs, dit^
almonds, cassia, and plaintains, are produce
in great plenty. The plants peculiar to Egri
comprise the papyrus, from which the iA
substance used in writing was made, the loti^
the zeziphus, and many aromatic ^ecitj
There are no forests, and the palms and sjcj
mores are thinly scattered. MineraU. 24
metals; but marble, salt, natron, saitoetri
and red granite, of which the pyramiiu ai
constracted. Emeralds are found lo the mooi
tains on the shores of the Red Sea. Comiiurt\
Egypt carried on a consideFable trade in I
Inoia commodities, till the Portuguese dij
covered the passage to that country round ti|
Cape of Oood Hope. The merchants of £
rope, however, visit the harbouis in the Med:
terranean for the purpose of trafficking
various articles. The Ixade with the intei
of Africa is mostly conducted by meaos
caravans, which bring, in exchange for '
ropean and Egyptian products, elcphiuti
teeth, ebony, gold-dust, muak, civet, ambei
eris, ostrich-feathers, and coffee. The golfl
dust is brought from Nenoland to Fez an
Morocco, and thence to Cairo, over immeu
deserts. The slave-traffic was abolished
Cairo m 1846. The principal oommoditM
which merchants purchase are ooiTee, kiuu
cassia, rhubarb, sal ammoniac, myrrh, safrd
saltpetre, aloes, opium, indigo, sugar, suda^
wood, dates, cotton cloth, etc. The traq
with Europe is carried on through Alexandri
Man/, Inconsiderahle, and almost eatim
monopolized by the government. The pd
teries are extensive, and cotton cloths sn
woollens are made, mostly by the natives. A
Cairo, firearms and miutaiy accoatrenea
are made ; at Benisouef, carpets ; and at Ft>^
lab, red caps. Antiquarian Remains. £^j
is distinguished for her vast remains of ai
tiquity, large portions of wMch bear no man
of decay, and yet display, in all their graadej
and entirety, the arts and the power of tt
first generations of men. These remaiiis u
remarkable for their magnitude, the aim
their contrivers being apparently to ssttmH
by their immensity. This enormoiia magn
tude is particularly oonspiouous in the p)r:
mids. The largest of these measures near
600 feet in perpendicular height, and has
souare base of 700. The greater part eooas
or a solid mass of masonry, composed
** Syrene marble," or red gxvnite.
temples, though they cannot rival the
pendousness of the pyramids, jet appear
exceed every other work of human art 1
site of Thebes exhibits a space of ten mi
almost entirely covered with colossal ssr
roins. Even tne statues with which they aj
adorned always poaseas gigantie dimaittion
(377)
InMUadt, Theie m eompOMd of four
difen&t nees; eonnstiiig of Copts, AnVs,
Torb, aid, tin 1811, Ifamelaket. The Copte
ire the ofigiinl xace, and «ppetr to be the ae-
Ktuhiits of the most anaent inhabitants of
Ezrpt, mingled in some degree with Persiana
fd GieeU The Aiaba are the deaoendants
cf tk 8tnoen conqueron, and are now the
E«t Bsmoou inhabitanta of Esypt The
Torb bav« alwap been aatabliahea to a oon-
B^mUe extent in the great citiea ; and the
Jm sie abo numerous in the eommerciU
Btie^ iad ire oppraaed and persecnted, though
lefff tsnipatedl The Mamelukea oonsistod
cf Gesfpn aod Cireaanan alsTee, who, under
th^Faftnite Klialift, were brought into the
noasiT. od being entrusted with anna, roae
i^BsA their ma^era, whom they nuuaHcred
Gi e^wQri. tad diua aaramed the dominion of
Ecrpt, wluch tiiej tnmamitted to new banda
Wi^jHit into the eountry. They were rather
tic piudemi than the rulers of Egypt.
r^ar ttraigth being broken by the defeats
apcriaeed daring the iuTasion of the French,
ti{« Pkihi, Mdiemet Ali« conceiTed a plan for
tkr demoetion ; and haying inyited their
(^to a feast, treacheroualy massacred the
Mer Bsrt of them, in 1811. Those who
soped fled to Upoer Egypt, and were finally
^TCD to establish themselyes at Dongola.
Tb$ caatpkiian of the EgyptUma ia tawny,
^^^t proceed aouthwanl they become
drto. QBlil thoae near Nnbin are afanoat black«
^7 .*'* generally indolent and cowardly.
Tile lidier sort do nothine all day but drink
»&e, moke tobacco, and ueep ; uid they are
pmai, pnrad, haughty, and ndBculoualy yain.
^^.DesMtie by an hereditary Pasha. Army.
^o^nMc-abont 210,000, including the
Kdooic inenlar caralry and the nationd
pvdi. itL Mahometan and Christian. Pop,
1000,000, eiehaiye of the nomadic Arabs in
^teti. Xtff. between 23° 60' and sr 86'
5. bm. between 25° and 36'' E.— The early
>^ of Egypt iainyoWed in obscurity. The
■^ Idogs govemed it, till Cambyses be-
■^ maiter of it, 626 years b.c. ; and in
!ier tisK all those wondmhl structures were
2*i Old woiks perfected, which we cannot
■^ vithoQt astonishment These are the
fiBidi, the labyrinth, the immense grottos
^ ^ Thebais, tile obelisks, temples, and pom-
?« psboes; the lake Moeris, and the yast
H*^ vhieh seryed both for trade and to
mm the kod fridtfiiL The country eon-
^sndcr the Persian yoke till the time of
*™^ the Great, who, haying conquered
^^ bmlt the city of Alexandria. He was
^9^ by Ptc^emy, the son of Lagos, 823
^ B.& Ten kings of that name succeeded
JJ*«cber, till Cleopatra, the sister of the last
ff*y. ascended the throne, when Esrpt
Mtte s Boman proyince, and continued so
yj^ RigB of Omar, the second caliph of the
^'"^Bon of Mahomet, who droye out the
■"Bans, after it had been in their hands 700
jwv Wha tiie power of the caliphs de-
'utsd, asbdia, fat 1171, set up the order of
tfe MsinrtnkMi, who usurped the soyereign
power in 1260, and extended their dominions
oyer a great part of Africa, Syria, and Arabia.
At the commencement of the 16th century,
Selim, a Turkish emperor, conauered it, and
for many years it was distractea by the ciyil
wars between the different contending beys by
which its proyinces were goyemed. The
fiunous Hassen Ali, the l^kish admiral,
gained seyeral yictories oyer them in 1786;
but though he repressed, he could not totally
subdue them. The French inyaded the country
in 1798, under General Bonaparte ; but they,
in their turn, were driyen from it by the
' British in 1802. In 1811, Mehemet All be-
came master of Egypt by the massacre of the
Mamelukea, and, under nis sway, it progressed
rapidly in cirilization. He considerably ex-
tendea its boundaries, eyen into Asia ; but, in
1840, was dispossessed of his Asiatic conquests.
The Treaty of London, howeyer, in 1841,
confirmed the riceroyalty of Egypt, as a fief of
the Ottoman Empire, to him and his descend-
ants. Since ^e establishment of res^ular
steam-packeta in the Mediterranean ana the
Indian Ocean, and the gradual deyelopment of
its railway system, I^ypt has become the
highway to India, not only to most trayellers,
but for the general correspondence of Europe.
jlkio^ mtstdr or mastdr, Sour wine.
dJa^A^ moitabat, A bench built with
stoneSy on which people recline. ^\^^
\^\ JmJ^ t^jx^tAf And by the side
of the door was a wide nuutabah. The porter
therefore put down his burden upon that
moitabah to rest himself, and to scent the air.
0^i^0A^ musiahih, part. Taking a morn-
ing draught, one who drinks at that time ; re-
maining or doing anything during the morning.
fmJia^a/t musiaf, Placed in a row, ar-
ranged in order.
^^gVi.rr^ mu9iafa\ Chosen, selected. A
man's name, particularly one of the names of
Muhammad.
^.(Vixa^ muitakf, Onm mastic, ^s^
_C!La^ ^ak musiakl, Brandy per-
fumed with gum mastic, like that of Chio. *
^r*^^ mwtalih, Idiomatic, phraseo-
logical, metaphoric. cu?W"'*'^,Meta-
phorical speeches, full of phrases or idioms.
Jji-o/e mas^ad (pi. «XfiLd^), An ascent,
a step, a ladder, a stair.
maaaf, A field of battle.
(378)
^^^iio^ miifn^^ and ri^a^ mis/dh (pi.
^La^ nuudfi), A strainer.
musaffa*, Strained, purged, clari-
fied, pure, clear.
Ji'.d^ tniskal, A smooth shell, or any-
thing used in polishing.
f^^La^ muik^f Polished, furbished.
f^^^ rnuslih, part. A corrector, censor, .
rectifier, restorer, mediator, arbiter, pacifier,
reconciler.
^^ muioBah, Befiormed, reorganized.
Corrected, improved, rectified.
^jsr"^^ maslahat, An affair, business,
employment, transaction, occupation.
immfjiiA'^ maalub, Crucified. (See i^i^ifM*^.)
iXa^ mtuaHl, part. Praying.
i^UtfL^ miMsalW, A' place, in the open
air devoted to public prayor. Any place of
prayer.
M
<.iri4i.fl^ manniuat, Sipping, tasting with
the tip of the tongue.
I»«4itf3^ tnutammam, Plxed, concluded,
determined. Besolute, firm. Fully intended,
designed, decided upon.
^^i^^A^ mmannti^^ Facetious, artificial.
Manufactured. Made or prepared with art
f^Jiu^oL^ mmanniff part. act. The com-
poser, author of a book. Mutantiaff part.
pass. (fern. ^LftL^/t ),Cofaipoeed. Written,
compiled. [compositions.
CL?Ui<fl^ muBdnnafatf Books, works,
c^Mid^ matnu^ Made, formed, created,
prepared. Artificial. [artificers.
oUyMd^ mamik^dtf Things made by
jy*^^ matawwir, part. Forming, figuring.
A painter, sculptor. Mutawwarf part. pass.
Formed, painted. Figured, drawn, cut out
Ornamented with figures and designs.
^^^^^ matunf Guarded, kept safe, pre-
served, defended, laid up. Protected, shielded,
kept free. ^1 ulXU Jo\ cL^ J ^j
And withal that he is a king, and the son of
a king, and one of the most virtuous, who are
exempt from all vices ?
4^Lia^ misydf, (Ground) haying great
plenty of summer rains.
mtUlh, part. (An arro^^) hitting
the mark. Goodjor fortunate (couuel).
muiilat, A misfortune, disaster,
calamity, affliction, trouble, adversity. Dis-
grace. jCi ^JL^^\ iJoU) ijs^i.
'rf L.fj' v/ "^r*^
u»y
;S.
lib 1 Am) < ^ f 1
^jJl!^ Ui Af« ^ CS^y^j
s '
\jb\y^ isf^\j , Grieve not on account of
the calamities of the time, since every afflic-
tion will have its end. He whose aeath is
doomed to take place in a certain land will
not die in another land. Send not thy mes-
senger on any important commission, for uo
person has a more faithful friend than oneself.
Ju«d^ masffodah (pi. JjUk<«), A net or
any hunter's implement A trap.
fmUlr, Departure. The place of
destination. t«J lI^Iiu^ aUi«:1 t«\
Us
u
not death thv doom P Where then is thy pre-
paration P is not thy hoar hair thy waroine f
What then is thy excuse P Is not the grave thy
resting-place P What then wilt thou sayP
And art thou not going to Ood P Who then
shall plead for thee P
\j»a^ miirdn (pi. ^ji^^-^a^ fwtfsdrfii).
The intestine which receives the chyle.
jLma^ moAf, A summer-house, villa,
country residence.
muuaykaif Burnished, polished.
k^Lo^ maddji^ Beds, sleeping places.
Muddji^ part. (fern. hip^\*A^), Bleep-
ing (with a woman). [sunrise.
Sl>-L^ muddhdtj Coming to one after
if JjLo^ mudddadat, Opposition. Being
adverse, repugnant oontrary.
i^j\^a^ maddrib (pi. of i^j^a^), Mu^
ddrib (part, of ^^Ux«), A battle, com-
bat, conflict Selling the goods of another
for half the profit A mutual beating of each
other, fighting.
djj\^A/% IS J^ ihirkattnuddrahah, A sleep-
ing partnership, an association, a company en
commandite.
(879)
ijla^ wmiari^ Ike gorfat o{ verbs
vhidi hare eithera preMnt or a fatore ngnifi-
citioB.
J^U« mudd^af (feizi. LaaLx^),
JMkd, iocmaed, maltipUed. A dnpliette.
J'^mKfa/(pL fera. cl^ULm), An-
s^ added, jeUtfld. A noun pUced is
K^twm or ooDstroction ; as ^J i»li
^ydiwtfyiiVs The body of Zeid {Ai.
being called uJUU or ^l^\ The
gorening noon; and JljJ styled
c'l iJU«11, The noon goTeroed).
<JU« ifiMla/, One who is added to
^»! (oDedaUj to Umim with whom he Mb
&> mam eonoexum).
c*j'«^ maidfatj Additions. Con-
V^ cr nbjceted tenitories.
^^^tMidmln (pi. of ^y^^ia^)f The
tt&teatB. Thingfeontftined* Sensefl^ meanings.
^^'^ mwddkdt, Besembling (another).
1^:*^ mtdSffoUi, Oppression, penary,
*^J, vanty neoenitj, distress, porerfy.
^maghfkt A lepart, a protocol, «
^)-^flwAiU,Poeae88ed, oocapied, held,
gyd, nsnlatod, checked, restrained, tamed,
witedfCneipiiiMd. Committed to memoiry.
if** »i4f«r, Languid, vexed in mind.
tf^ ««^, A bed, any place of
^^ [mcny,
i^^*^ fliiiXdl, Laughing, facetions,
^•^*^««d*tl, part. Kidiculous, droll,
«ii&?Iaagliter. MwOkak, Ridiculed, derided.
^^^^J^ wdkOM, Jests, jokes, buf-
"'*'n^ iDj ipeeehea or actions which excite
W lix-» id^\, And she pro-
"*^ t» console him, and to alleriate his
*<^. nd to relate to him some laugh*
^; namtioDs and tales, nntil she sac-
1«Ri ia mking him lang^ in the most
**wot Kaaoer.
1^**^ mgdiR, part. Being early in the
^^i^g. doing aajthing at that time.
'^ tatik, Offensive, noxious, hurtful.
Every nozioas animal may be slanghtered.
(ProT.)
m^jA^ mtdrdb, Any instrument for
striking. A musical plectmm or bow.
madrah, A sword, the edge of a
sword. A place where anything is struck,
fixed, or planted. A field oi battle. A place
of«noampm«nt U^*
ijtid^ madarrat, Detriment, damage, in-
)0j»d^ mudrit and \9j.a^ mudarrtt, part.
Caunng to make a harsh sound. Making a
noise with the mouth in derision. A seorner,
a mocker.
L^jjtd^ madrikh^ Struck, stamped, ham-
mered, forged. Beaten. Used, idiomatic,
pvoYerfaiaL
j^j^^ nuidr^, Damaged, injured.'
^j-^ mudarlyatf The Modarites or
Hozarite8,an Arabian tribe (whose war ensigns
were red, those of Arabia Felix being yellow).
^ n,u4tafi„ part. Lying down.
- rechmng on the breast
JsLa^ mudUMT, pass. part. Beduced to
difficulties, rendered desperate, forced by neces-
sity, distrfaued.
\^Jieua^ mudtarabf^t^t A^tated, moved,
aisturbed,confounded,afflicted,anxious,fluctaat -
ing, staggering, nodding, distracted, tormented,
chagrii^; waTering or preraricating (evi-
dence). '
/^Jsi'^ mudtartm^ part. Kindling (fire).
Jk|ki^ mudtahid, part. act. Subjecting,
compelling. A persecutor, one who persecutes
anotoer. Mudtahtul, part. pass. Constrained,
forced. Subdued. One who is persecuted by
another.
\,.JjLd^muda^ff part. pass. Debilitated.
Doubled, multiplied.
mudghat, A piece of meat (or any-
thing filling the mouth). A morsd, a fragment.
iui* ^^^ ^ jcr U^ &L ilO^n,
I entered it, empty of wallets, apparent et
poverty and destitution, with no means of
sustenance in my possession, and not a mouth-
ful in my scrip.
Jy.M mudUy part, Causing or permitting
one to err, learing one in error. A sedieer.
«Jy,a^ mudli^, part. Heavy, inclining to
one side (a burthen). Weak in the aides, un-
IL.
(380)
>
fit for carrying loads. ^Ld^ mii-
dallaf;^, part. WoTen in the shape of ribs.
^JLdy* mudallil, part. Insisting in an error.
Jliimdy midmdr. An open plain or space
for horse exercise, a race-course.
J^*****^ mudmahil, part. Disappearing,
Tanishing ; cancelled, de&ced, carried off.
jA»d^ mudmar, Concealed; conceiyed(in
mind).
f^^*a,^ mudamman, (A poem) compre-
hending the verses of another poet; also, a
Terse or word depending npon the following
word or verse to be fally intelligible.
Ay^md^ madmUm, Added, joined, accn-
mulated. A letter marked with the vowel
point damfM ('). LLA^y*.^d^ (pi.
fern.); Additions, accumulations.
^yA^A^ madmUn, Sense, signification,
contents (of a letter). The substance of the
contents (of a letter).
^^•o-^ mudi, Shining, lucid, illnminating.
Passing by. , ^^ U . ^a^ mada' m&
mada\ (prorerh) Let what is past be past; let
us speak no more of it.
mudyi^y part. Losing, dissipating.
madlk, A narrow place, a difficult
affair, straits, perplexity.
j;j11x« maiahik, part. Conformable, suit-
able, equal, agreeable to. Conforming, etc.
^^-ft-jUa..^, Conformity, proportion,
equality. Similarity, oongruity, uniformity,
sameness.
^jlk« matarih (pi. of ^^), Places.
<l>>jlk« mut&raha, Disputing on difficult
questions.
if J;lk« muidradai, Opposition, resistance,
combating, a mntual attack.
^j^nMtarinat(jp\.o(^\j2^), Bishops
Metropolitan. [Obeyed.
^Ua^ mutd^ (fem. LilL«), part. pass.
imJm^ matdf, A place round which they
walk in procession in religious ceremonies.
(^lk« mat&hh (pi. of c^Jia^), Ques-
tions. Demands. k^lLJl lL^sTi^j^c^
kiiab bahsul tnatalib, "The Book of Ques-
tions and Inquiries," "An Arabic Grammar,"
by Bishop Germanos Farhat, Maronite of
Aleppo.
JLIlk« mutdlaM, Asldng, requiring.
^lk« mutdU^, A student, one who {
read much. One whose only application i
read and to study.
^lk« fnaidli^ (pL of ^^), Pointy
which celestial bodies rise.
XxIUa^ mutdla^at, Consideration, o
templation, reading, study. Studying,
volvmg in one's mind, carefully weighing
examining. ^^ci3l ^IL« mute
al kuCbj The reading of hooka.
4lfi^lLu« mutdwa^at, Consent.
Ulk/t tnatdyS (pL of ^uSx« rn^i)
Hones.
^.L« nuUhakh, A kitchen, any place
cooking. MUhakhy Any cooking instmme
J^ix^ mutidbakkf part pass. Cook
Mtatabikhf part act. Cooking. Takiq
preparing anything for dressing.
wL^ nuUba^, A place where any
is imprinted, or mark made.
JJtJx^ maiba^, A printing madiine.
printing-office.
^jl!x« mtgtahhah, part. pass. Compli<
multiplied, double.
^^Ja^ nuUbukh, Cooked.
c^JL« matbu^, Printed. Imprinted
one*s nature. Agreeable to any one's tistt
ijy^^^ fnat'halj Splenetic.
Ja^ matar (pL jUa^l), Rain, ij^
j^jo^ ^^^|mJ! \sibfi mmddtU h
iuh'Shahr waka^ maUr katir. During
month much rain fell. ,^ -!^
Ja^\ ijt$ ^ 4^»3J ^j^ wahm^ am
mm ffodi min kturat al matmr^ The knife
from my hand on account of the great rail
^l^la^ Matrdn, Metropolitan.
^Jo^ muirtb, Agreeable, aooeptal
delightful; amusing, giving pleasure to
senses (like music, singing, aaneiiig, etc.).
^Ja^ fnatrah, A place, station, p
situation, foundation.
jjo^ mutarrh, part act. A worker
lace or fringe for garments. Mttiamu, \
pass. (A vest) ornamented with such bordi
^Jja/s mitrakat, A smith's hammer
rod for beating cotton or wool*
JL.
(381)
^tja^wutrmiy Bejected, dejected, abject
Ji ^ matridf BaniBhedy driven awaj.
J^jja^ mgbrvf (fern. ii^Ja^), (Eyes)
Isrt hf njthing, whieh makes them water.
Zii^ mairufai, A woman who tania
bs «]w from her hnibaBd (towards other men).
ijs^ 9sttra, S. T. used in Arabic. A
lirre ^aAa bottle, which traTellen in the
East IQ vifh water and hang behind them
wbe& sdia^ on honebadc, to drink in die
daert. [woman.
jija^ mibrlr. An impudent, clamoroos
o/>M mdmrtf. Made to look fresh and
Jui^ wnd^im or Jila^ iftttto^^un, part.
F«e£]i^, giriBg to eat, one who maintains or
atottoBi otben. Mut^mm^ part paas. Fed,
iqipGited in the neeesariea of life.
M9 jm^tfn (pL ^^lk«). Piercing
enesdeBwitii spears. AiJik^, Sarcastic.
^jfa^ mal^Hf Transfixed. Infected
visfe the penUcDae.
gik« mi(f f , Extinct. ifif(/S or ^<2x«
«£«/^pKl Sxtingniahiog. An extingnisher.
la« m<a2Zs (for ^J^), Gilded, covered
JUrt^mitJdif (A man) frequently divorc-
er (la wirea).
'uz^w^atinh (pi. c-JUx<«), A qnes-
lu, petition, intention, proposition, wish,
tee. A snbiectk matter. A thing sought
■r. Demandy request.
jAo^ math^. Arising, appearing. The
acBg (of son, stars). jsr\ (Ak«, The
ttmg of Aurora, the dawn. f-Ux«
tr*^^ The rising of the sun; the
4^»a« mutiaif part. pass. Absolute, uni-
, principal, supreme. Free, exempt, un-
ned. A eoarse or raoe-ground for horses.
i^^^j^\. The chief good, or sum-
QiB hooum. ^l^^ jJ^> Free,
pnog the veins, ^jlk^ jJIj, Omni-
foteat (God), powerful. ''Ulk« (or
J*il^ tc*-^)» Absolutely, properly,
Biaplj^ quite, altogether* uXiL^I.
laik^, And if they (fem. pi.) ask thee
concerning the opening of the door, answer
them, I nerer opened it, never, absolutely.
^^Jio^ mailab (fem. dbjLk^), De-
manded, exacted, required. Desideratum, an
active debt, one for which payment is required
by the creditor, a demand. Called. The thing
desired, wish, intention.
*^^^^ tnaimah, An object on which the
eye is fixed.
_lk^ muUlf Gilded. L^ Lf^ l^^^y
. • •• ^ • M • a.
l^:^ ^^;^u*».1 , And they found in it a
great dome constructed of stones eilded with
red gold. ^ The party had not beneld, in dl
that they had seen, anything more beautiful
than it.
^>»U^ mtUfnain, Quiet, secure, content,
acquiescing, safe, enjoying repose and ease.
J^la^ matul, One who delays payment
of a debt, or the performaaoe of a pionuse.
^^jia^muiawwal, Extended, prolonged,
continued, tall.
i^^a^ matwl, Folded, complicated.
^^k^ nuit-har, A place of purification,
puigatory. Ji^ mutahhar, Purified,
clean, pure, holy.
i^ijVi^ muiayyahf Ajiomatic.
wJo^ mull^ part. Obedient, submissive,
obsequious. clXLslt Jli CXi J J^
And thereupon the king said, 0 my mistress,
do what seemeth fit to thee, and what thou
wishest; for I will comply with thy desire,
in all that thou wilt do.
^ulx^ tnatiyah, A horse.
JUa^ ma%al (pi. of IilL«), A tent, a
tabernacle, a parilion.
JUa^ masdlm (pL of A^JJa^*), Oppres-
sions, tyrannies.
jyhUi/e muMdharat, Protection, aid.
uJ^Ja^ moMTltf, Contained in a cover or
envelope.
(384)
r
J
He therefore iammoned his son, and charged
him to take care of his subjects, his mother,
the lords of his empire, and aU the dependents.
He also made them swear, and covenanted
with them that they would obey his son a
second time : and he confided in their oaths.
2(JjU^ mu^yadah^ Yisiting and eoa-
sratnlating on the ooeasion of a religbus
festiyal.
^Juj\m^ ma^dyi$h, Yictoals, vivres, pro-
visions. Necessaries. Allowance.
jjl^M^ mu^ayan, part. pass. Seeiii made
public. Clear, manifest.-
^..xjrLju^ mu^yanat, The sight In-
specting, viewing formally. To inspect.
^^U \}^^ ^li^ ^ \/\j\^, When
the party beheld him, their reason fled from
them, and they were stupefied at the sight of
his form, and retreated in flight.
ma^id, A temple, churob, chapeli
or any place dedicated to divine worship.
juA^ mu^abhad, part. pass. Beaten
(path). Subjected, subdued. Tame, submissive.
mah^r, A pass, a ferry, a ford.
mu^abhir, part. An interpreter of
dreams. Mu^bboTf part. pass. Interpreted.
Ja-^uc^ ma^Ud, Adored, worshipped,
served. A god, a deity, whatever is worshipped.
j\3ju9 mu^t&d, Custom, habit, use. Ac-
customed, wonted.
tnu^tabir, part. act. Bespectable,
worthy of consideration. Mu^tabar, part,
pass. Honoured, esteemed, revered.
J JCA« mut^tadil, part. Moderate. Tem-
perate, neither hot nor cold. Equal, even, just.
^^JCJ(^ muUadl, part. Iniquitous. The
aggressor.
mu^cair, part. Excusing oneself.
mu^iar, Poor, indigent; (a man)
not daring to ask what he wants.
0jji^ mu^tarid, Opposing, interposing.
Transverse. [admits, acknowledges.
mu^rif, Who confesses, owns,
mu^rif part. Surprising, coming
suddenly upon ; approaching to ask a favour.
Seiaed wi^ ihe parozyim of a fever.
^^ui/s mu^iMtl, part. See J|^:ict.
^JpjL^ mu^toMolahf A sect of Mahometan
schismatics. [Squeesing oneself.
mu^taiift part. Pressing grapes.
mu^akf Manumitted, liberated.
An emancipated slaTe. ^•sjt^ mu^U
tak (fem. ^ajlh.^). Old, ancient, an-
tique; made long ago, kept a long while.
i3zju9 mu^ttakatf Old wine. See
>V,B..". w,.^ mu^kid, part. A believer.
LZ^\jJbjut, Things credible, articles
of faith. [galled on the back.
Jsjt^ mu^takir, Hurt, (a camel or horse)
^juisjt/* mu^kii, part. Inverse, prepos-
terous.
\^^iicju9 mu^iakif, part. One who is con-
tinually at prayer in the temple. Attentive,
religious.
JsjL^ mu^al, Weak, sick, infirm. A
word in which any of the letters ^5
or J (called debihi or weaJi) make a part.
^^Im^ mu^UdaHf Divulged, published.
jjtpjL^ muctamad or aJlc XCJt«, One in
whom confidence is placed.
^^^SJL^mu^ni, part. Diligent, attentive.
»^JL^ ma^uh^ Imbecile, in second in-
fimcy.
i^,j^>s^ mu^ib, part. Pleasing or admir-
ing oneself. Mu^'abf Admired by others.
v.^'osr^ muQ,ajfab, Admirable, wonder-
ful, stupendous. Astomshing.
ijjs^ mucjoMtt Weakness, infirmitj,
impotency, defect Muyisat^ A miracle.
(Ji:^ mu^jjil, part. Hastening, causing
to make haste. Mu^jjdl^ Done in a haste.
^ijB^ mu^'ilan, In haste.
^»iS*^t cJiitf iulbu^l mafjamif Respect-
able in Umself ; venerable, grave.
^•js:*^ mu^am, Marked with diacritical
points rto distioguish letters of the same shape,
whose oifference of sound proceeds merely from
punctuation) ; as J and J, l^ and iZJ,
etc., J being called <U^^ JiJ (or
(385)
mare commonly Ia^^ J\ J tdli tnih
lijjmat, and J being named J^J
4^^; and bo with regard to the
odMn). [confection.
jf^ ma^Hn, An electnary, medicine,
M« mn-^ pari act. Preparing. Jfu-
\^ pst pam IhcMired, diiposed in order,
inapi Gompnteo.
ijkM ai^dif^, The stomach. i^inJ
i^[ A weakneea in the stomach.
yM^ wMiiily part. One who adjosts.
JTi^t^Beetiiled, adjoflted.
<^iM m^itdat (see J«Xc)> Jnstice,
tqitf, Rctitude. [Iftting.
jft>^ M^iin, part Depriving, annihi-
^^ M^iM or mo^dofi, A mine, a
•tWrj. The place of anything, eepeciallj
Tliere it remains fixed. J^idi)^ (j^^^^^
aL!!., The mine of learning and elo-
T^snce (applied to judges and priests).
^^^(^ ^i>M^ ma^danfahm hafari,
A quny of coala. The Lebanon contains
moesK Buiei of coal, which were explored
*f f^ Enptian goTemment daring the occn-
P*^ ofByxift bj the army of Ibrahim Pasha,
^M 1840. JL»«X>- ^Jui^ tna^dan
^ii. An iion mine. Iron abounds in Mount
^'^Vtta. Every sommer the inhabitants used
to work these mines, ^oi ^ Juc^ ma^
^ fadiah, A silver mine. ^;«X«^
gc^j, flM^dlM roada, A mine of
jtt^ Some time aso tiie Dmzes of Lebanon
vi'QOTaed a mineral which prodnoed both lead
^alTer, bot as soch a disooTery would have
^*^ tbe whole district by attracting the
Ijjfr" of the goTemment of that time, they
•« batte to destroy ereir restige of it.
^•1 ii SB immense mine or wealth and ex-
\^l^ ^ the antiquary and naturalist,
"^ w gMiogist. botaniat, and capitalist.
4^aa^l, Mineral, metallic. Metal.
^^jmioz, Mineral juice.
T**««4^rf«i, Numbered, counted, com-
f^ ma^i^m. Wished for but not
non-existent mHI ^^y
p ^yXM^^ Known by name, but
^jkjt^ mu^f Contagious, t^*^^ \J^f
tnarad mti^, A contagious disease which can
be communicated.
L^fSn^ mu^amub, Tormented, chastised,
punished, afflicted, vexed.
jjA^ mu^str, Making an apology, de-
serving to be excused.
ij^jf^ ma^Morat, An excuse, an apology.
j^juL^ md^sflr. Excused, excusable.
AmJW V;^ a Joe ^/mJj aj^^^ a\Jo^
a^lfL ^^4^ cr^^j> -^"^ ^® ^ ®^~
cusable, seeine that he is a stranger and alone,
and we left nim solitary, without any one to
cheer him with society, or any one to comfort
his heart.
<^y^ mu^h, part. (fem. ^y<^)y (A
horse) descended from a noble Arabian breed,
without mixture of other blood : one possessed
of such horses. <-r^/t^ mu^arrab or
muf^radf Made Arabic or Arabian. (A word)
pointed wiihshortyowels(called l^]j^\ )
in the Arabic manner.
ijL^\ d tna^arrah, There are two Jfa-
^rrahs in north Syria, one called ij*^
fjij**^ Ma^rrat iVtarf », and the other
^UjcJI ijL^ Jfa^arrat ul Na^mdn.
This last is a considerable town, yery fertile,
and having plenty of gardens and fruits. The
name of origin of the first is ^ jl^
ma^amatif A man bom at Maf^rrat Nurtn;
while the name of origin of Maf^arrat ul Nd^
mdn is ^e^y^ ma^amamif A native
of Maf^rrat ul Ifdf;man,
iju9 Md^rrat, Marrah, the ancient
Asia, eight hours from Hamah, on the road
to Aleppo, is now a poor little villaffef but
prettily situated on the brow of a hiU over-
looking the plain.
^^/f^ mi^rdj, A ladder, step, staircase.
-.|^*«!1 <LL1 layJahdmi^djy The night
of ascent (when the Mahometans suppose their
prophet to have ascended through the seven
stages of heaven into the presence of God).
yj^y^ mu^id, -An occasion, a contin-
gency, an occurrence; a place of meeting.
iftf^rii, part. Averse, abhorring. Uji^
muf^ruUmf Promiscuously, firom every quarter.
26
(386)
ma^f, A. definite noon. Mu^raf
.and uJyc^ mucarrafj The face. Mu-
larraf, A place on Mount Arafat where they
perform certain religions ceremonies. Mu-
^om/y part. act. Making known, disting^h-
ing, giving notice. Mutttrraf, part. pass.
Made known, marked, notified.
^J^L^ ma^fat (pi. uJ^U^), Knowledge,
acquaintance. Science, learning, yirtne.
di^jMJ hi ma^fat. By the instrumen-
tality, hy the means, by. ijJL^ ^^^^-t^
mkCb ma^fahf Expert, dexterous, skilful
person.
^jif^ mu^arrak, In high perspiration.
^^^S^\ Jjx^ Having meagre jaws.
C^/L^ mu^ak and l^yt^y A field of
battle, an amphitheatre for gladiators or prize-
fighters.
^^jmt ma^udf Offered, presented, ex-
posed, related. An exposition, explanation,
representation, exhibition. Petition.
(_ijiJt^ fM^raff Known, celebrated, fa-
mous* uJ«A^ t,,^^-^^ i&hib ma^rUfy
A man who appreciates the good done unto
him; a man who is grateftil for the benefit
which he has receiyed.
i^lisxll yjjf^ fna^ruhiV ^Mdm, Lean,
haying little flesh on the bones.
ilj^yc/t ma^aJiy Compressed, heaped
together (water or other things).
^yt^ ma^ara* (fem. i\jjf>^), Naked,
stripped. Depriyed, exempted.
jtut ma^s, The goat species.
ijMyt ma^sMh, Honour, estimation.
Therefore, if thou be not in a state of comfort,
arise, and accompany us to our country and
family; but if thou be comfortable here, in
honour and happiness, this is our desire and
wish.
jjji^ mu^iouM, Honoured, magnified, re-
yered, glorious, honourable, yenerable, magni-
ficent
J^J*^ ma^ul, Displaced, deposed, re-
moyed, dismissed, turned out, depriyed of dig-
nity, degraded. ^^« (-JSU^j ^-'l£^l
aukShi UHUOfif mtt^vlmj FimotiomaTJei wb
haye been deposed from their places.
^Oc^ mu^amif A comforter.
mtt^«ar, A man in difficulty, wfa
cannot pay what he owes to others.
IjmJl^ maf.»aratf Difficulty.
jLiiM^ mu^askir, part Encamping, e^
ertnsing. An officer who marks oat eam|
A commander. JTm^mAot, part. pass,
camp.
ijdujc^ mu^asiol, Preserved with honej
jy^x^ fna^r, Difficult. A difficult]
iZj\jyujL^, Difficulties, misfortun^
fna^har (pl.^^U^), A oompan
troop, society, body of men. ^\Jiaj\
J^^l , And consider a people wl
ornamented and decorated tib^r palaces, s:
in the dust haye become pledg^ for thi
actions. They built, but their huildiH
ayailed not; and accumulated tUMsmii, b
their wealth did not sayB them when the un
had expired.
mu^hshar, Decagon.
jytji^ fna^hnk, part paas. Lore
XiyLx^, A mistress.
j»axA^\ aJ^ karimu^V ma^for. One vl
shows liberality when asked.
j^oiL^ mi^sar, An instrument with whi
anything is pressed. [pouring down nj
iJL^\j0asty mu^r&tf Clouds expressed
ij0aii^ muciorat, A press (tor win
oliyes, etc.). Mafjarat, The place where th
are pressed. [(wu
u,ft»gn^ ma^af and isuatu; Yioki
M,>a9L^ ma^am, The wrist, the brace]
place.
jy^ax^ ma^tUr, Pressed out, squeezed
fy^^^^ ma^fAin, Defoided, preserre
innocent. )c^ji^^ftyaM^vuMQ.vii.\
ulffhalaty Infallible.
ma^Bt'yat, Disobedience, rebellio
]bm^
(887)
Jji^
defeetion. Sin, prerarieation. ]ai>> \i
ixU
iUj*
J JiAj^^\L^\ iUtil, • ^l^
* L^U^ J, Attend then to my durge,
adaebcv Aobedicnce to me; adopt mj
oapie, ud ponder wall my prorerbs; for if
t^ tib m J eooBsel as thy oomiBellor, and
tke Ii|ht tet I §jtn tkee m thy monung
lifio* & 7 Aflnhotte wfll U fiOL and thy bo»-
^^ mi^U, A bnoelet, or any orna-
KUfvttttm. Am initnuMml lika a
ivord, used in fdling trees.
mtdiai {Jem. i*yM^\ A garment
b^ tile detTM onmoMntod irith figorea,
^«f^ etc. (A camel) marked on the fore leg^.
gs^ mn^M, Bity seized by the teeth.
V<3M Mfctoi, A dangerona plaoe ;
f^ w^aMir, f etfbmed, iwenled.
ir<»4 M^te and ma^tt, The nose.
L^3M sNkatfo/, Abandoned, deserted,
^BB^olM, Mfie^aenied, aa^leotod, fiOlen
Qto duQtt, obsolete, antiquated Toided, anni-
wd, aaBnQed, powedeia, destitate, empty,
faa,idU,ofBoa«»mit.
^f»^ aM^V» Tozned, twisted, dis-
*<^eoBTcrted. Joined, coi^led. Tmmed,
'"'^ (from or towarda any direction or
ijBM«t(^^ Bestowing. Agiver. Mu^\
^^ipresented. fJu^ u:^1 Jib ^
^a«ttefwA«i, Do yon giie thia?
fSM iNf'^iMi, The greater part, or better
^^ (of anything). Jax^ mucmam,
B<noQRd, great, napectabk. IJ^li
^ c^)^ i^^l 'i , We made
'^ to them with omr fingen, and said, We
1^ BBbaaadon to &e Moet Honoured King
*^ ^^^ Ihwctne do ai no injioy ; hut in
•»»« thcT Mid, We are not in hia territory,
M under fagorermncnt.
^ulu^ mu^timai, An important event.
^2^u^ mu^JSn^ Botten, pntrid.
^A«^ «kig/ii, AbsoLved, pardcMied*
,yAjL^ mu^aUtad, part. pass. Much en-
tangled or inYohed. Knotted. Intricate,
Imotty. [aaylum.
JiiM m^^sU^ A plaoe of refuge, an
i>^Bju9 ma^nd, Bound, tied, Iftstened,
tied in a knot.
J^£«^ ma^Hl (pi* LUi^Ax^), Beason-
aUe, prohahle, juat, pertinent, to the porpoae.
Formed in wiaoom ; good, nice, choice. Pro-
habilitiei, woida or thinga conaiateat with
reason. J^AA««If J^ Ij^ (^iSl\ al
kalam kmhua didd al ma^ul. It ia abaord to
apeak thna.
AJjJ,*,^ fna^JtUliffah, Beasonableness,
rationality, intelligibility, compreheoaibility.
Wi8dom,sagaoity,perBpicaoity. s^^'>\^
^jJ^J-ic^ idhib ma^JMiyah, A man
who possesses all the above qualities.
iu^AA^Jt Jt>se. ^adlm id ma^kuUffah,
One who doea not reason, one who ia deatitate
of the ftcalty of rationally diatingoiahing good
from evil. [poeteroua.
yjmt^^M^ mu^9. Inverted, reversed, pre-
i^^jL^ ma^f, One who is detained or
confined.
^lU/e mi^ldk, The lever.
<— iU.^ maJaf (pi. u^U^), A stable,
or any plaoe where food ia given to cattle.
Mi^laft A aack with provender hung round
the neck of a horse, etc. cjilx^
mu^allaf(fem,^Jiju9)y Fatted, crammed.
^JXM0^ mu^-aHal, Suspended, hung up,
penduloua, hanging, dangling.
CjUlft^ mu^allakdt (pi. of jdx^), and
particularly applied to denote the celebrated
Arabio poema nungup in the temple of Mecca.
<»jLaw mu^aUiMf A schoolmaster, pre-
ceptor, professor. Ajca\\^ J^^ The
teacher and the acholar. Muf^^m, part
paas. Taught, inatructed, trained, diacipUned
(aa a man, horw, dog, hawk, etc.).
<t.j m^n^ nm^Uimiyat, Masterliness,
mastership. <U^»Ll^ c-^.^^-Lp $ah%b
mu^Mmiffahj One who> though deficient in
t:;*^
(888)
knowledge, affects to show that he himself is
a masterpiece. [publisher.
f^pL^ mu^lmf part. A revealer, dlTulger^
uJ^U^ ma^lnf (fern. ij^Lt^), Fed or
fattened with fodder.
JjLc^ ma^lul, Appeased, soothed. Dis-
tempered, indisposed, infirm. Caused, prodnced.
^jLi^ tnaJ^Hm, Known, distinguished,
celebrated, famous, remarkable, notorious, sig-
nalized, clear, eyident, certain, obyious, ap-
parent.
^U^^Lt^ ma^Umiyah, General notions,
generalknowledge. Theoretical notions.
mu\QllxfM \indaho fiM\JlA/miyah min ghayr
tamaliyak, My teacher possesses some general
and theoretical notions ; out he does not possess
the art of putting them into practice.
Ci^UtjlA^ ma^Hmat (pi. fern, of ^^Jt^),
Things known,8ciences. C^L«jLiXf /%l|)tl
The ten known days, ».«. Ten days in the
last month of the Mahometan year, called
^Ls^i •J, when the pilgrims visit
Mecca.
^^Jj^ mu^aUif part. Elevating, exalting.
Mu^alla\ part. pass, (in regimine )U^),
Elevated, exalted, sublime, eminent.
Juxy mi^dr, An architect, an overseer
of buildings. A master-builder.
J^AJL^ mu^mmid, part. act. Baptizing;
a baptizer. Muj^mmadf part. pass. Baptized.
J./IA/* mactnaly Manufactory.
f»A,x^ fnu^ammam,A,domed with a diadem,
tiara, or turban.
^.^y^jut tna^udiat, Baptism.
jy^^^ fna^mr, Cultivated, inhabited,
peopled, jy*^^^ j*^* Uninhabitable,
desert.
i^yAx^ma^mul, Made, prepared; dressed.
^. ^y^*^ ma^mnl'bihf Upon or accord-
inff to which neopleact. In force, obsenred,
taken as a guioance to act accordingly.
^^j^^*^ (and in regimine Ua^ ma^tnd),
"An enigma, an oracle, a verse or saying of an
occult mysterious meaning.
^J*yt tna^n, The name of the family
whose princes ruled over Mount Lebanon be-
fore those of Shahab.— See Journal Atiatigm
^
de Pttrii, Tol iii., 1864, page 266: "Cm
pendium of the history of the EmeeiB ICss
who ruled over Mount Lebanon 1119 to 161
▲.D." By. J. Catafago.
mu^ambar, Perfumed with ambe
1^^"*^ fna^nmol (fern. Ii^jl^), Signii
cant Spiritual, virtual, impUed. Logical Tn
real, intrinsic, eesentiaL c^Iju
£ljiJL^\, The speculative science
i^^jL^\ JliilV al^diam ail ma^u
The world of vinons. A dream.
iV^b« ma^fui', Sense, meaning, sign
"fication, reality. The literal sense, mes
ing (of a woid or phrase), import
virtual sense, an implied sense, a real sen;
A state of things. m« ma^MAM, ftd
In reality, yirtoally. In sense, logicail
(jytl ^J-J^t A literal meaning. ^
^l^\, A techniod meaning. %
_:j(^j lafian wa ma^\ In word an
meaning.
ma^namyaif Spirituality.
mM^fM|f, Curved, crooked, ben
hooked, distorted.
J^^ ma^ly Castrated. Overcome, e^
hausted (patience). Mi^wolt A pointed ii
stniment with which they split stosi
dJic J^«^, One whom you lament
iJL^ ma^ahu, With him, together witi^
kX^ft^ ma^had, A place which one &
quents, in which he does anything often.
JjfL^ma^AiU?, Agreed, established, fixe
promised, determined, appointed* resolW
Known,certain,distingnishea, oonfirined,boai
J^fc« 1^, A known or undoubti
thing. ^
^yu^ ma^ (pi. U^1)| An intestine.
iLjc^ mi^dr, The mark or standard
money, weight, or measure. A toiiebstoiie.j
j^^ijM^ ma^ and w^gn^, Vicious, f
proached with Tioe, the place where any i
IS oonunitted.
tna^i/at, Conjunction, society;
existence; faTOur, affection, partiality,
official suite of a Amctionaiy.
mu^d, One who repeats,
makes return. «X.«jusJ1 i^A«4i!V
lu
(389)
mMial tm^ God, who ereatet, and who
Btakatodie.
iLju9 ma^Ukat, living, leading a life.
Mazu of firing, an allowsnoe, pennon.
J^ mocllf Wanting, being indigent,
^^ju mu^, part An aaaiBtant. ^2;:*^^
tins^iii, God die defender.
j-M M^i^aii (fern, iu«^). Fixed,
il^taaaed, apedfied, destined, aasigned, de-
dffHi,cxprMed,eeftified. Settled, appointed,
stationed. ..•««^ ^, Undetermined,
fli0^ytf3, Yicious, defective.
^«^. Opprobrions, diahononred, stigma-
^^ na^yfin, Touched or Btmok on
li^eje. Fsidnated.
jA4 M^yi, Belonging to the intestines.
M;Im nu^hdrib (pL of C;-;/(^), Wests.
^A« myAdra^, A den, cavern, grotto,
a ditch or trench. ^^JLwulJI |^K UJli
mV' i^ (^*^A j^jl-**j^ cljUUJI
o^jliuSI, And when they saw the
tRopa, thejr were frightened, and they ran
i*iT from them, and &d to those caTes; while
taar women and their children stood at the
^Btnuei of the cares.
> j A« wighSMidt, Contending, disputing.
•1 1,
^}*^ mu^kduilai, Soothing, flattering
ilidfffed objeet, especially by amorous yerses
«'^)ccdieL [Camps, battles.
Jjlii maghaa (pL of t^jl^), Wars.
ii^^ mghata (pL of JmjU), The
Ne or Tcfliel where Hassnhnan bodies are
'"Wliefare being buried.
J*^ WMghUy The cholic.
S^«^ 9^MMat, Contending with
^ octiia for Tietory or superiority.
^«« mughdlaiat, Leading into error.
J*** mnghdmr^ A warrior, one who
^^ naay excoxsions to lay waste and
^lader a& enemy's country.
J,'*^ m^KHpr^ part. Contrary, repug-
»Mit, adverse. }^\ ylU, Contrary
toihepesee. ^ ^"
muffhbir, part. A raiser of dust.
t^JU fnaghhat, Happy, prosperous, for-
tunate^ emulated, envied or imitated by others.
^j^^JU magMun, Deceived, cheated.
]o\sjf^ mughtdz. Inflamed with rage.
i^isM tnuffhtasHf Nourished.
Jjik^ mughtmU, part. Spinning (cotton,
etc.).
fiiSJL^ mugManim, part. Enriched, en-
* dowed with abundance ; possessing, enjoying-
One who seizes or has seized ; one who takes
(an opportunity).
c->^ maghrdby vulg. maghrib, The
west, either of the heavens or of the earth.
The western countries ; Hesperia, Africa, Mau-
ritania, Barbary. ^-^;^ mugharrah
(fern. ^ji^)y Far distant. Mugharib,
One who goes towards the west
^,J^ fnaghrabl, Western. Afirican.
if^ fnaghrat, Bed clay or earth.
iijk^ mighrafaty A pump, or any in-
strument worked by the hand for drawing
water. A saucer. A ladle.
^yU maghramj See L*\jS,. Mughram,
Desirous, wishful, giyen up to Iotc. Drowned
in debt
^ aJt^ maghrur, Deceived. Proud, arro-
gant, presumptuous, haughty. Over-confident,
trusting too much, vain, proud.
^ ijijL* tnaghrurigat, Pride, over-con-
fidence, vanity, self-esteem.
\j*i^Ji^ maghriU (fem. i^^y^), Ranted.
^Jl^ mighudy A spinning spindle.
^y^ maghsu^y A field of battle, war,
an expedition, especially against infidels.
JmJL^ fnaghsaly A bathing-place or vessel,
especially for dead bodies.
J^mji^ maghiOly Washed, cleaned.
^yLk^maghshiUhy Adulterated,alloyed,
false. Deceitful.
mughsM (fem. <UmJL«), Covered,
disguised. ^Ae. JJIm maghshlgun
^dlaghy Fainting. AjIjj ^y^j \y *^ fi
r"
(390)
U«
f^jif They then drew near to him,
unbound him, and kissed his hands and bia
feet, whereupon he opened bis eyea, and, re-
cognizing the Weseer of hia fiUher, fi^ down
in a swoon through the excess of his joy.
K^>^k^ maghddb^ Being inflamed, en-
raged, angry. Mughdiby part act. ProToking
to anger, imtating.
imfjyoM fnughd^f Irritated. ^-^ *jirT^-f
^Jlc, Odious. One witii whom yon are
anpry. One against whom anger is felt ; the
object of ai^ffer. One who is in a state of dis-
grace with God;
ijiJui moffhfirat, Pardoning, nemitting of
sins, giying absolution. God's pardon of aina
and admittance to a taste of the joys of
Paradise.
fjiiut mughaffal, Destitute of genius, at-
tention, or presence of mind. Negligent,
careless.
j^^ fnaghfBTy Pardoned, (or Aj^m^)y
One whose sina are forgiyen, the pious dafanct.
JjU MughaloT MoffM, The Oreat If ogul,
Emperor of Hindostan.' The Moguls, the
Tartars, the natiTes of Turan, Scythia, or
Transoxania ; also the Georgian Chnstians.
j1LL« mighUihy JL look, bar, bolt, or any
instrument for shutting a door.
u^JjL* nmffhidM, part. act. Often con-
quered or defeated. Mttghallib^ part. pass.
(A poet) the oonoueror of his contempoiaiies,
and acknowledgea by them as scqi^erio]:.
^daLLf magldatiiy An biror, oon^isioB of
ideas.
j;]jL« mughlak, Shut (door). Abetmae,
abstract, obscure, difficult Obscurely ex-
pressed, not clear.
im^JLk^ ma^M^i, Oonquered, overcome,
subjected. c^^aLc^^, Uneonquered,
invincible, j^i^j WjU^, Overcome,
and subjected. Lj^ju* tnsghlAHffat,
Subjugation, being conquered. The state or
quality of one yanquished.
JjIjU magU^k, Shut, barred.
J^Im moffhlillf part pass. Having the
hand tied to the neck. Oppressed with thirsi
j^^jf^ mughamtnar^ Inexperienced.
jy^»^ maghmUr, Obscure, mean, abject.
MyAM^ maghmUm^ Afflicted.
f^y^t A sorrowful heart
^jsJig\iJu9 m%ghn&tU, The magnet or
loadstone. [a mnsiciaii.
^^jJf^ mughannl (fern. ^(:»^A^)y A'singer.
imm^^ maghlb^ Absenoe. The settiu^
(of the sun). [aii
fM^hU, part Auxiliary, gi\iDg
mughayyar. Changed, altered.
iijJL* mt^§hy^m^ Cloudy. /M:H^ f^^
Sj^JoaS \^\ J^aasV alf0wm magi
yum fa yahUtmU atmahS tamtup imtran^ Ii
IS very cloudy, perhaps it will rain much.
^U^ nwfiLM (pL of ^l:^)f Keys.
ie^iLt mmfliokH, Beginning (anything
with another).
Il>-lL« mufsfat, Falling upon anythiiu
unexpectedly, rushing upon unawares, id
snatching, fjp-lil^ f?^*^' v^;' ^\
^ L^lfi *^y^ (^h I ahonld haT<
preferred to haye taken him by surprise, an
spoken privately with him, in ovder to test Un
solidity of my conjeolure respecting him.
lM^ »ki/«M«r (pi. of ij^), Oraa
ments; glories; illusions actiona. Qoali
ties or acts wluch entitle one to be proiKl
^^\;ii\^ Syi\ >-U^ TlM «nineii
amongst their peen.
j^U^ mufsikarat, Oiiaritfmg, boasting
J^li^ mafdr^ (pi. of jyu^ mt^r^]
Crowns of the head, oats in a street A plac
where a voadseparatesinto many. iLuJ
^li« M$ab^ mmfirikf The seve
outs. Mufarik, part Separated from as
place or person.
iJj\iu* mu/dratat. Separation, alienatiox
{^^\ ^ f>d^\% AfJt , And as to lb
saying, I haye become separated from n
mother, and my family, and my hrotber — i
form me in what place they are, and I w
send to them and bring them to thae.
Ju>U^ mafdM (pL of iXiJu*), Evils.
J^Ak^ mafdM (pi. of J«aL«), Joint
etc. ^^\iA^\ ^^3* ^ P*^ ui tl
joints.
(391)
y^
'I:
Ji\L* mJU, Ponnd oat abmidantlj.
ia\U mufibM, Piapating aboat or
fecBSBg a foinif m leligiofn, Uw, or idence.
^li«ff)^ibiA«^ Jesting (with another),
bong Doxj, festiTe, joyous.
i^Ji«iN/afr0d!0^ Company, companion-
^ SeliilmtioiL To liaye bnsmess with
ttetefto MDsnlt or explBin aaything with
lum. Li^\L9 mufdwadatan, Becipro-
aUj^ilteiutely.
^^ mfiak, A key. ^UL« ls\:^\
^y I ti Imd^ mifidh arrdhah, Con-
^tstBol u the kej of repote.
^^ muftaMydhf A present whicli a
^Qdkfd radTes from his tenant when he
^ba die key of the place let unto hua.
^ m^Mh, part. A conqueror/ a
^oftoffBi.
fii^ «w>tiUir, part. Boasting.
J^ mfitM^ Bedeemed. Muftadl,
^owBiBj oneself. [(pr^j)-
i/«/i^ mfkrii, part (A lion) tearing
j/if jw^M, A slanderer.
\^ tmfgUith, part. An inquisitor,
* ttCBanj, examiiMr, saperinteodent, cea-
nr, sjodky Tintor.
(^ m00M, Bj^oaed to infiuny.
^ iNS/Zolaf , Bednced to poverty.
i^ fwfMl, Twisted. JsJut muftal,
imthnad. A twisted gitdle or garland
wlaweii
■ «
*-^ M/{a20^, An orbicular piece of
*^ pat wpon a qnndle, to giTe it a steady
^Btioi viien ginning.
er^ m(/SSMi, Tencipted, seduced to evil,
^ into ndition. Charmed, bewitched.
*^f^ mufiutf Broken, crumbled.
If^^tftih, Open, occupied, taken (as
>^J. Opened; defeated, conquered. (A
®««fflt) marked with the lOwel/aUih (^a).
^^3j^^ ^ ^ U3^ u:JUJ
^j v> \i3U UJtj ^^^^^^^
^*> W^ L>J*'» ^*^ "^ Mid,
wewalkinthe lea with pur eyes open, and
we see what is in it; and we see the sun, and
the moon, and the stars, and the sky* as on
the £Eice of the earth ; and this horteth ns not.
Jyu^ m^tiU^ Twisted.
^f^ mafiiin, Fascinated, charmed,
mad with loye.
^Asut muftlj Wise. One whose word or
^sentence has the authority of law. The Mofti
or head law officer among the Turks.
^Jj^s^ mufhish, Obscene, or shameful
in speech. [exalted.
tnufakhkhar, Olorified, glorious,
ijS^ mafkharat. Anything in which a
man glories, or which giTSs hin^ a pre-eminence
oyer others. [glorious, illustrious.
A^r^ mufakhkham^ Magnified, great,
X« mafaTt An asylum wherever one flies
for refuge. [deft, split, dirided.
rrj^ ^^f^f/f^^t Large, wide, opened,
-.^^ mufrik^ Exhilarating, making joy-
ful, r/^ mufarrihf Exhilarating.
l^^Jla!) ^jSL^y Bejoicing the heart.
J^ mufirid^ part. act. mufrad^ part,
pass, jugular, alone, solitary, unique. Single.
if J^ mufradai, Simple. The minor
term in logic. The singular number.
Cyi-^yt C^\ J^, Simples in medicine.
Thou art without an equal among numkind,
the soTcreiffu of beauty, and I have witnesses
(to prove iQ. Thine eyebrow is like a well-
written Noon, and thine eye like (the letter)
Sad, the work of the God !
l?^ mufratf Immense, excessive.
^/^ mafrik or mafrah (pi. Jjli^),
Combing or separating the hair. The crown
of the head. A place where a road separates
into many.
jj|yi« mafirHtf Dispersed, separated.
[^^/^ mafiiUh, Expanded, spread.
Furnished.
\^%J^ mafrUd, Necessary to be ob«
serred, by diyine precept, ordained by God.
C^Ujj^^l, The commands of God.
(392)
\L,
Mq/rudj Supposed, pootiTely sapposed, pat as
a supposition ; essential and indispensable,
obligatory. [doned, deserted, rejected.
^^ fjA^ mo/Hl^Atfn ^onAti, Left, aban-
jjiji^ mafrak, Separated, diyided.
C/^jL9 ma/ruk, Scratched with the
fingers.
eji^ fnafa%sM^, Frightened, timorous.
<U^ tnafia^at. Anything that causes
terror. TerrMed.
JutXs mufsidf part. Corrupting, destroj-
ing, pemicions. A corrupter, destroyer, an
author of evil, a malefiActor, a seditious man.
if Jua^ mafsadai, An evil, anything per-
nicious, tending to disturb or oorropt.
^j**Ji^ mufasnr, part. Explaining, com-
mentingupon. Acommentator. fjlj***i^,
Commentators. Mufauar^ part. pass. Ex-
plained, etc.
^y*Jut mafsukh, Broken, dissolved.
^^yJu* fnafiukhlyat, A rupture. Nul-
"lity.
^■^^^ mufiihf Clear, manifest.
Juoi^ mi/sad, A lancet, a scalpel.
fj^aii^ mafiH, A joint, juncture, the
space between the joints. Juai.^ mu-
faualf Distinct. Divided, particularized, sepa-
rated ; separate, distinct, clear. Mufanil,
Enlarging upon, amplifying.
tnufaddad (fem. ^^.aL*), Plated
with silver.
(J«^iLt mufaddal, Ezjcelling greatly, emi-
nent in virtue and beneficence.
jjlai^ maflUr, Created; innate.
M^ muf^m, Full, replete, redundant.
J^xi^ ma/^u/, Made. Done. The pas-
sive voice; (or J^xiJl *-ji). The pas-
sive participle (always to be distinsuished in
idea from the past participle), of which there
are various kinds, ij J^«i^ fnaf^lUun
bih^ The accusative or direct object of an
action; aUo, The instrument or object with
which an act is effected. ^ Jy^
maf^ulun-lehf The object for or on account of
which an act occurs. A:x J>^ ^fM/'
{^ ulwi'^anh^ The object from or through which
an act occurs.
^Jyu^ tnaf^^ah, Effect, efficacjl
impression, sensation. ^ H^/^^ ^^
iJtJas. ^yuu* hatd el mmrham lek
mqf^iymh ^mah. This ointment p<M
sesses the greatest efficacy. fj-a>- i
j^i\ \jjb ^^ lyy l^yiSL^ lad kaual
maj^uliyak katdyah min haea alSmr, Ik
order has produced a powerfdl effect.
J^^ mafkud, Unfortunate, deprive^
frustrated. Carried off or taken from ti
middle. Destitute ; disgraced, depraved.
^^&Lt fnafkus, Broken (egg).
^^xi^ mufakkir, part. act. One who thiol
or deliberates ; (or ^ Xb-«)» The thinl
ing faculties. [purdoned, untH^
il^Ci^ mufltak, Liberated, mannmittec
J"^^ mujlih, Prosperousi happy.
^J^>XL^ mufiii, part. A bankrupt Pool
-.^lii^ mqfiHj, Paralytic.
{^yi^ mufaunvad, Committed to th
care of, recommended, submitted for opinioa.
I^^fi^ mafhum, Understood, oonceivet]
The contents, tenor, or sense of a letter.
^L^^fL« mafhUmtjfah, The ficiilty <
understanding. InteUigibihty, intdligibleot^i
miyah j^atimah^ A man who poswiw x\
greatest faculty of understanding, ^j^
<U^^|L»H codim id fnafkSLmUfdk, On
who is destitute of the fteulty of uiderstan<'
ing ; one who does not understand aaytkidr.
mufld^ part. Useful, profitable
salutary.
^j^^SL^ tnufidf A giver. CL^l^l
Anythingf producing afiluenee.
j)\a^ nu^bir, Sepulchres (pi. of i
JjIL« mukdhU, part. Opposite,
against, looking towards, meeting, coafrun
ing, controlling, ooUatinff, or oompazing (oi
copy of a book, etc, with ano^er).
ZLU^ mukdhaiat or mukdhalah, Oppos
tion, the opposite quarter, comparison, oontav.
collation, rencounter, exchange, redprocmti x
equality, retrospection. Facing any one, mr>.*
ing or opposing; returning act for ftct^ 5
word for word ; answering word for wot i
comparing, collating. J^JiiV ^^
ovi
li«
(393)
UU
c;
0'
mnJOekk m mislj Befaming Hke for like,
tit lor tat ; nong lepriaalB. j't^
i!Jlt^j^rihwuidbalah, Algebra as a
esee wfaidi vniftei septnte qnaatities, and
cpposes them to each other. aU ^\ ^
aWjj£ J^ ^U.^» He then rose
frr;a)up!iee lod went to them, and nlated
t^tiA the best Mlutation. Theyluutened
ii neto him, and met him in the most polite
BiffliKr, Ttth all honoitr and respect
4.1«Mid3U(pL ofi^jJ^), Grimes,
^waimaaoiaj infunoos actions.
^- if wd&tUf part A soldier, a com*
iatistwhokiQs.
'd^ midtaiaty A battle, conflict,
iko^ter. ltJei&i\j\3^, A great and
Uocdjhittle. " [Qoantities.
iSi$ mA&ikr (pi. of j1aL« mikddr),
/Jd^ tuiddir, Fates, destinies. J|^
^ ve eonthraed to do nntil destiny cofi-
t«nd M to a beantifhl idand, aboondin^ with
ttcs beariag ripe fruits, where flowers diffused
^>r fragraaee, with bhds warbling, and pure
'"B^ ; hot there was not in it an inhabitant,
xv&bbwer of afire.
V;l^ midrtl and mukdrab, Near,
te^iibouiiig. [prooching, proximity.
^J^ mMidraiat, Drawing near, ap-
^j«^ muidradai, Lending at interest
? am; (eapedall J to receiTe a certain pre-
■aa on the sale of merchandize).
^J^ mkdra^, Fighting, battle.
^u muidrgn, Associated, connected,
aia^&miliar, intimate,dome8ticated. Allied,
^j^ midfoMtfi, Conjnnctiop, connex-
^ fioupiflioiiahip, ^miliarity. Proximity.
'^^ nuidiOif Tolerating, bearing
»iJb patience. *UJLt *J ^-flar;^
X^UIj <jV<)^ arUljU, And he related
to him what he had experienced, and the other
wondered at the seTeri^ of his sufferings, and
congratulated him on his safety. [other.
£«MiU^ nuttkdtamai, Diyiding with an-
JuplLe makdsid (pL of JuaS^, J^, and
jyoA^), Designs, enterprises, machi-
nations, great attempts or undertakings.
Thoughts, desures, wishes, wants, inclinations.
^lL« makdit^(ji. of ^^aL*), Sections.
Fords, passes, or passages of rivers.
ij^\l^ mdkdta^. Any place where
public taxes are reoeived. District. Mvka-
te^ff^, Being disjoined. Gutting. Contending
with another whose sword is sharpest.
J^li* maka^ (pL of Juu^), Places in
the market where people sit. Benches, seats.
JU^ maJM and iJli*, A word, dis-
course, speech, saying, opinion, sentence, adage,
prbyerb. ji^\i ^U^ JuJ\ ^^ Ui
sJ\j jJ;j iUi J ^ Wis eP^j *^
wben the lion heard what he said, he drew
back from him and sat upon his tail, and
raised lus head towards him, and began to
make playful motions to him with his tail and
fore paws.
aIL« makamy Station, place. A place
of residence, a dwelling, mansion. State,
dignity, condition. A musical tone. Re-
siding anywhere. A place, post, or office.
aU^ c^-^fvU, Baised to honour, dig-
nified. Skilled in musical sounds. aIL«
aU««j, From tone to tone, through
every mode. From place to place. ^\i
^\L« k&im makdm, Locum tenens.
The vicegerent.
1^\a^ makamat (pi. «J:^L«lL«), A meet-
ing, an assembly, a session. Malmmat^ Sit-
tings, conyersations held at those assemblies.
Musical modes, of which there are twelve.
^jiy^^ w'UU^ makdmdt d hartrt,
The Sessions, or Pleasant Stories of Hariri.
Jl1jIL« mukdwdlat, An agreement, com-
pact Gonyersing, conferring.
^jlL« mukdmm, part. An adyersary,
One who rises up against another.
(394)
t^^Ju% mtiitffmima/^OppooitioniresiBtaiice.
Xm^U^ muidf/OBatf Comparing mentallj
one thing with another.
Aidj lL« muidffodaif Proponngtoexcbange.
That kind of trade called barter, which oon-
aiffai of exchanging gooda.
Km^'mJi^ mukabhah, Yaiilted» arched.
ij^^ nuMariU, A sepulchre, tomb,
monnment, a churchyard, a burying-ground.
iJ;X« mukbU, part. Pioiperoiu, fortu-
nate, fiiTouring. Approaching, being near,
arriying. (J^a^ tnukahhal, A person
or place Idaied.
^^JUmathud, Taken, seized, oconpied,
poeaeeaed, held, reoeiyed, preaerred, restricted,
contracted, bound (in the oelly). A styptic.
J^«L« makhnl, Agreeable, acceptable,
pleasing, taken in good part Admitted, ap-
proved, aocepted,
4J^*L« makbiilfyahf Agreeableness.
fnakif Hatred, enmity.
muktdUa, part* Beceiving, ac-
quiring, boiTOwing from another (light, fire,
loienee, etc.). [(into any bosiness).
A^U^ mukiahim, part. Plunging rashly
1jcx« muktadd for ^^Jci^ mukkM,
Followed, imitated ; imitable.
^«A." fl^^ mutiadih, part Strilung fire
from a flint, etc.
juuji^ muktadir, part. Powerful, potent,
strong, * c^yjJl (j^\***{ (^Ous&^fyS
J^ ^^^^\ U^^l^jJI ^j^\ ^
^JS ^5 v. I .; I Se not
angry with me for my former offences ; for
forgiTeness is required of M generous, and
kind actions are among the Best treasures
with which one can enrich oneself. How
beautiful is the saving of the poet: Haste
to do good when thou art able ; for at every
time and occasion thou hast not the power to
do so!
^^ jaL« nuMaii, An imitator, a follower.
i^jiJL^ tnuktarih, part. Approaching;
brought near (in order to perform a promise,
etc.).
muktarih, part Asking, soliciting
with importonity, im^operly, and unneces-
sarily. Speaking or repeating verses extem-
pNDre. Dome anything never done before;
riding unbroKe camels, etc [debt.
i^/JU muUarid, Borxowing, getting in
f^lpA^ maktarin^ Associated, joined. Fol-
lowing immediately.
mMasar, part pass. A compen-
dium; a summary; abbreviated, abridged.
Muktatirt part act. AddSeting oneself (to
anything), content with that alone, and not
exceeding or leaving it
Lfl".J,^ muktadd (in oonstmetion for
^^-a'.S^), Exacted, required. Exigency,
neoesBity.
^..fiT.fl^ mukMl (pi. CjL^a::^*), part.
Exacting, requiring. ^Jr^i^ ^^Jlz
aL*!), At pleasure, at oiie!s wish.
culj.rfca^, ExigeneieSf events, eon-
junetores, necessary consequenoes^
^^JaJLt mukUflt part One who follows
" another*
JsXii maktal (pi, JjlL«)i A place of
sUuffhter. The place of death, t.#. Any part
of tne body, which, being wounded, causes
death.
OoLs myktali^f part Bemoving from a
place, extracting, pulling out Tom up,
drawn out
^jci:0A^ mukian%9, part Hunting, Muk-
tatuu^ Hunted.
_:ci^ maktanf, part. Acquiring, possess-
ing. Muktana* (in r^imine U^i^),
Possessed, etc.
JfA^ malmh Killed, slain, slaughtered.
j\j>L9 miiddr. Quantity, space, number,
measure.
(^\«xL« mukddf{pL uJjjU^)i An oar.
^jX« mikdah {^*xi^ or ^«vL«), A
steel, flint, tinder-box.
jiXLt mukaddir, part. act. (God) the pre-
destinator. An appraiser, one who fixes a
price. Ifukaddar, part. pass. Predestined,
predetermined, domed by God, prescribed.
fatal. Fate, destiny. Ui iz^jj JJt*
JA«
(393)
•■
^
* s^y » ^^** I ^*^^ ^^^ ^ ^^^ "^^^
out of generosity, bat through the decree of
God and his judgment on mankind, which
must be fulfilled. I was di^ring a Ions time
iull of joy and happiness, and I UBod to defend
mjr asylum like a fierce lion. I was never
quiet, nor would I bestow a mastard«8eed, out
of ayarice, even were I cast into the fire.
Such was my state up to the moment when I
was smitten by the decree of the great God,
the Creator, the Maker.
^ jX« makdarat, Power, ability, fortune.
ijj^jj, Endowed with power. C^
\jjb J«i ^Iz SjtiJLt Idk makdarah ^M
fi\l httidf Are you able to do this?
^^^-^ ^j^^ err? ^' ^ cjM
M
J3\y1 ^ Jy: J cu^Ai ^^aJUII ^LUl^
gjtXiAi\ ^i\ Ae- Hi, They say to me,
Thou shinest among mankind, bjr thy know-
ledge, like the moonlight. Abstain from thus
adSessing me, answered I, since there is no
knowledge without />r<iifM.
(j0iJA^ nutkdis, A holy place. ^/m«xL«
mt4kaddis, part. One who sanctifies or conse-
cratea. Mukaddaa (fem. au>AL<),
Sanctified, holy, consecrated, w::^
(jM^LfSI, Jerosalemp
JA^ makdasl or _«AALt mukcMui,
Belonging to Jerusalem. Pilgrim. The pilgrim
of Mecca is called ^^^ Hajji. In
this way we call a Christian ^^J^a^
^U^Jy^, The pilgrim Abdalla, which
means Mister Abdalla, and a Mussulman
Haiji Abdalla, tiie pilgrim Abdalla or Mister
Abdalla. Hajji and mukdatl (pron. vul. Muksi)
being the distinction between Mussulmen ana
Christiana. In higher classes Mussulmen,
Jews, and Christians have the title of Effendy.
^^X^\ ^Jiaua^ Mustafi^ Effendy (a
Mas.). v^J^l ^>( Tiii^nnd Effmiyf
JohnEffendy(aChristian). i^^\ \jjC,
£gra Effendy (an Israelite}. It is only lately
that the government of H.I.M. the Sultan,
has granted the title of Effendy to Jews and
Christians.
A(J^ mukaddim, part. Placing before,
giving the preference. Mukoddanif part. pass.
Antecedent, prior, preceding. The major pro-
position of a sylloglism. lJUI^ A^i^l,
The antecedent and the consequent, the subject
and the predicate.
UtXL« mukaddaman, Firstly. Anciently,
long before this.
C^t«JkL« mukaddamdt, The premises,
requisites, preparations, arrangement
^^ju9 CL^U ji^ mtAaddamdtima^ama,
Data.
•* «>
<UJkL« mukaddamat, The preamhle (to a
speeeh) ; the preface (to a book) ; the premises
(in an argument] ; the major proposition of a
syUogism. (j^^f l^^xLt, The ad-
vanced guard of an army, also its commander.
ij aL« makdur, Fate ; fatal, predestined.
U'L j^ j-J JiS jH^-^ ^^W
\jijj , How often they hoped for what
was not decreed them ; but the^ went to the
craves, and hope did not profit them, and
nrom Iheir hi^h and glorious state they were
removed to tne narrowness of the sepulchre,
which is the worst of abodes.
^jJJL« Makduniyah, Macedonia.
uJli^ miki&f (pi. uJ^jU^), An oar.
Jut tnakar, A residence, a dwelling,
mansion, habitation, station, seat, place of rest
or quiet. Sjj\Jj ^jA^ u?^ *Xflsr^L>
^/^^J U^J^^ t!^* Trayel; thou
wilt find a friend in the place of him thou
leavest. Fatigue thvself; for by labour are
the sweets of Hfe ootained. (To a man of
intelligence and education) there is no glory
in a constant residence; therefore quit thy
native place and go abroad.
X« mukirrf part. Establishing, confirm-
ing, settling (affairs). Confessing, professing.
ijo\jA^ tnikrdd, Shears, scissors; snufiers.
rl^ mukarrabf Approximated, ad-
laM
(896)
JiU
mitted, allowed to approach. Mukarrib, part,
act Offering, Bacrifidng. A cherubim.
jyL« muhirrar, EstabliBhed, confirmed,
ratified, fixed, ascertained, undoubted, certain,
infallible, unquestionable. Mukarrir, j^ait. A
relator, narrator. i>^^*^^jy^9 An
advocate, oounseller, batrister, pleader.
ijOjA^ fnukrid, Lending. A osurer.
<U;iU mihra^t, A whip, a scourge.
*^^;A^ makramah, pron. tnahramah, A
pocket-handkerchief.
^^jA^ makrnh, Ulcerated, wounded.
u^jj^ fnakmd, Cut. Lent
ijil;^ makrUn, Conjoined, festened, ad-
hering, bound together; connected, related.
Near, neighbouring. Haying close eyebrows.
(In Tene) when three consecutiye consonants
are moTable or haye vowels, and the fourth
^is quiescent or gezmated. [imity.
^jjS^ makmnlffot, Conjunction, prox-
ixwui^ muisit, Just, equitable, distribut-
ing justice.
jM»*A^ maham, A part, a portion. Maluim,
A place of partition. Muktim, part. act.
Swearing (by Gbd). JLl^ mukaasm,
part. act. Dividing, distributing; dispersing.
Mukataam, part. pass. Divided.
j»j amJ,^ makaUm, Distributed, divided.
fJx ^yJL§ makaUm ^alayih, The divi-
sor, divider.
jM*A^ mtfmA«Aar,Barked,6kinned,peeled.
jX^J^ mukash^r, part. Trembling with
horror.
^jcA^ mikoif Shears, scissors.
iX^aL* makBod (pi. Ju)lL«), Intent, end,
desire, vrill. An intention, design, enterprise.
Any place of destination, whither one tends.
i^^^oA^tnahud, What is intended, desired,
wished for ; design. Proposed, wished, etc.
jy^S^ makaur, Deficient, defective, un-
equal to, impotent. Insufficient. Abridged,
diminished, restricted.
^yaLt maksUa, Cut with scissors.
JaL9 mukaUir, part. Distilling. Drop-
ping, trickling. ^^LLv'U, Distilled
water.
jJa5^ makta^ (pL ^U^), A out, the
phice of separation. The pass of a river. A
pause in the Alcoran. A eemra or paw
reading verse.
^^laL* maktiJL^ Cut, amputated, dj
sected, mutilated. Separated, intemptei i
tercepted. Abrupt, definite. Agreed ape
adjusted, concluded, arranged. DdSdeatfC
ried off, removed. A bargun, a priee i^
upon.
«XxA^ mak^. Sitting down, resting,
seat, chair, cupet, cushion. A place of n
dence, a mansion. The hips. The name pA
nMj ^ven to a chamber m which male n^
or visitoTB are received, havine an open m
with two or more arches, andlookiiig into
court or garden of the house. Its floor i^ e
vated about ten or more feet above th« grou
and the front is usually towards tiie north,
nearly so. ^y^\ W\j\ ^y \^j^ ^
'U]l ^jij9 And when they were op
it, he showed her the nlaoe in whidh k€ 4
seoi the damsels, ana he showed her ^e
ting place and the pool.
JjiLt muk^, A lame man, one vbo
obliged to sit, and cannot move.
jxL* muka^^f Concave, hollow, jti
Plano-convex.
J^ii^ makf&lf Locked (a door, box, etc
J^aL« |J^ JCmp Jj^ hid aanduki makfi
Is my trunk (coffer, box, chest] locked
makful, Is the door of my house lockt
J^AA^ ^jst\ \sib htaud htrj mdf
This saddle-hag is looked. CJJ;*^
^Jlc J^aa.^ Jy^ iondukah mak^
wa makfiil f^alayh. Tour trunk is locked, i
put in a place which is iM^ed.
^^AA^ mukaffa*, Bhymed aooordiog
** the rules of prosody. [A fryisjr-p
SiJLt mikldt, ^^^U/t mikU (pL J^i^
^&L« mikkL^ A sling (for stones).
k_*JX« miklah, A spade or any sum
instrument with which ground is di
mukatttb, A converter, turo
•lSl\ ^Jjyt, (God) the conver
oir hearts.
liU mukliU (dual ^^jsIla^ muihU
An eye, the two eyea (used in poet
j£«
(397)
IC,
Uf\ oJ uU. cuc^^ ^to^i^ Jji^^
^<*l/tl«; ^^1 ^^ ^\ c:^«ij
^jk^^* JLII, I soothe my heart in
■T parioo, and eonoeal it, but my state
w*^ and interpreteUi m j lore. When my
tas flov, I ay, My eye is lore, lest the
fOBsv dlioold see and imdentand my oondi-
^ I WIS free from care, and knew not
^niloTe; batbaTe become enamoured,
■d lith endsTed heart I Bubmit my case
to foa, eooplsismg of my passion and my
ttacT, tbt ytra may mty me and show mercy.
IkTeTiittai it witn the tears of my eye,
^ po^soee it may explain to yon the
lert Tith which yon hare affected me.
V 1^1 She captivateih all creatores
*i^^ m and it seemeth as thoogh they
vteWilsTeB.
^ miallad, A person imitated or
•pwitBi [with sails.
'^ mUk^, part. pass. A ship rigged
^ wHw (or ^Jl^), Fried.
i^maHU, Tnmed, inverted, con-
'etei cjf^lLjl^ fkikndmailuh, The
»* giwa by Arab antiiors to the Hiver
^-ta ealled in Arabic ^foM, vhich is the
"«ttai of fvM. ^; maklub means m-
*^ « lurmd to tm oppotiU eomru w dU
WtAjiaaUasion to a branch or a canal of
T^ vhidi in olden times nnited it to
»tobattt. The Teasels of the Phceni-
^flTAndns and Tartosa, or Orthosia, used
l^ iato the Orontes from ito mouth at
■**»» foDow its course up to the place
gJJw-iU-shoghcr, or to the lake of An-
<^vto another place, fit>m whence, by an
^^eaasl like Uiat which existed between
dition asserts that other canals were made by
the inhabitants of Tyre between the Rirer
Casmiyah and the Orontes, and the Orontes
and tne Euphrates, by which the Tyrians
navigated inland fiK>m Tyre to the Eupnrates
and the Persian Gulf. If the Casmiyah and
iree
Teasels, they were in another condition in we
the Orontes are not now nayigable
iiyan a
ror lai
^OflB-gebtt
time of the Phoenicians, whose works are so
colossal and so gigantic that the natiyes of
Syria cannot but ascribe them to the jan of
Solomon, not understanding how men could
perform such works. According to the same
local tradition these artificial canals can be
traced and identified CTen at the present time.
& ^ju% mMUL^ Eradicated, torn up, re-
moved from its place. ^;lxi«il\ & JlL«
maUu^ul aanan, Toothless.
iJlL« mukh. Fried. ^iL* fjJuf hayd
mukh, Fried eggs. ^J^ (^^ l<ihm
muJdl, Fried meat. ^J^ cLJUmi,
Fried fish. ^lL« JLl^ Fried liver.
^JlL* ^^-<^, Fried chicken.
iJLj\Jia:^ muiantardt, Circles parallel
with the horizon.
fj^A^ mukannin, part. An institntor.
^^L*»-]l1j J*aJ1 c;?^^y ^j^^f Author
of the institutions of justice and clemency.
J^ miktcad (pi. JjU^), Eeins, a bridle,
halter.
Jy^ tnakul, part. pass. Said, above-
mentioned. What is said. A word, anything
spoken before.
i^^L* mukawwi, part. act. Corroborating,
strengtiiening, fortiijing. Confirming, com-
forting. Whateyer gives comfort. Mukawwa\
part. pass. Strengthened, etc.
jl^^A/t rndk-hur, Conquered, subdued,
oppressed, Texed, distressed.
(jywLi^ mihyOSy A measuring mstra-
ment, the Nilometer of Egypt.
Jui^ mukayyad, Bound, fixed, attentive,
solicited, dedicated to, diligent
A^ muklm, part. An inhabitant. Dwell-
ing, resident, inhabiting. Fixed, assiduous,
constant, perseTering. [emetic.
j^^-i^ mukapi, Vomitive (medicine), an
i^\L>9 inu^d^oia^, Becoming callous with
regard to any evil, and enduring it with all its
inconyemenoes.
(398)
/•
j\C^maiatih (j^LofLm^^cii^), Schools.
Lj\L^mukdtahat, Correspondingbyletter.
c^^lC« mukdHb, Letten, writings.
jlL« makkdr, A cheats a knave, an im-
postor, 8 deceiver, a worthless fellow, a male-
factor.
i«;lC« makclrimf Laudable or generous
actions. Noble, honourable men. Graces,
favonrs, benefits.
i^J^ fnukdrif A mule hirer.
c».'^<K»ld mi^sib (pi. of u,^»»(>^), Gains,
aoqniations.
^^IC« mukdshar<U, Laughing or grin-
ning (at one) with shut teeth.
if\j\C« mukdfdt, A recompense, retribu-
tion. A compensation.
uXf^lC^ makdkik (pL of («!jyl^ makkuX),
^IC« mukdlamat, Conversation, dia-
logue. Conference, Kegociation.
^IL« mak&n, A place, station, dweUing,
habitation. ^vLii\\«XJb^lls» tkc^^ljll
la takhos ahayyan min hatai makat^ Do not
take anything from this place.
Jold mukdyid (pi. ijuC« or «>«^)»
Frauds, snares. ^KlU *:* jU. l^il ^'
43jlC«J\ ^^, Then she beguiled him
with words, and with soft discourse ; and he
knew not what artifices she had devised
against him.
11^ Makkat or Makkoh^ A place of great
concourse ; the city of Mecca, in Arabia, where
Muhammad was bom.
L,. 'tSj^ maktab, A school, ^^y J^
A^jJj ^ (w.^%(>< hH mawfud maktah
ft baladkumf Is there any school in your
country?
^^rujL* mtiktatam, Hid, occult, dissembled.
Jb^ciC* muktahil, Having the eyes
anointed or tinged with coUyrium, to give
them a lustre.
muktasih, part. Acquiring,
gaining, studious, giving attention tOi
^Jc^ muktafi, part. Content, having
enough. [self, absconding.
^J*^s^ muktamin, part. Concealing one-
muiianl, Snmamed, called by
surname.
^yL^ maktuh, Written. A letter,
'writing. vlS^j^Lt ui-^^rj;^ Jj5 \
khatamt maitubak^ Have you seslsd yi^
letter? cj^yiU ^AJ^ C^ J
d^y min fadlak a^inl makuh id
siyah. Please give me a letter of introdnm
J ^\ Li5l\5 (^ji^^j^^. iP^
it' happened, in aooordaaoe with ocmfini
destiny and determined fate, Uiat the Qu
was in love with the Prince Alaasad ; tnd i
wrote him a leitor, endeavouring to ooodli
his affection.
/^yiL/t maktHm, Hid, concealed.
cLX* make, Staying, making a sti
ay&man hUilak^ Abide witli me a few dsti,
(J^r^ mikhal, The instnimeDt wi
which they i^ply the coUyrium to the C|
JbST^ mukahhH, Painting or anointi
the eye, especially with UadL lead cs a pn]
ration of the powder of tutty. J^
^»^\ An eye so anointed. Ilc^
A box in which they keep this ooUyrhm-
jj^ mukaddar, part. pass. Distorbc
a£9icted, vexed, anxious.
CutjSLe mukaddardt (pL fern.), D
turbances, afflictions, diatressAil events.
i^Si't tnukanih, part Disoovenxig
falsehood, accusing of lying.
iU makr, Fraud, treachery, machinatic
imposture. Malice, malignity, x
^ ^ U^ ijj^\ ^ o>i
_J tf^.4^ Uj u-Cl wi *^ ^ (^
^Li!1^ jji!f ^, Thou hast proloog
a conTersation that will not procure thy lii
ration. Hope not, therefore, for thine Ws
through my means; bat (remember^ ku
upon thy former wicked condact, and the ^
^jS^
(399)
iix aid irtifiM wkieli tiMa thonghtett to
empby igimst mo. l^HiS ^>t»rf Uli
J>jll, And when he heard hie words,
Un^iohiflfkoe; bat be meditated upon
c^^iB;8onle trtifiee agahist Mm, and said,
InattDfe to effect the destnietion of this
■n. [in body.
yj^^ mdardat, Shrank, contracted
j]U mimrm^ Bepeated. Bone re-
ftitedlf. Higfalj rectified, bigblj porifled.
]jj<4 mukarraran, Eepeatedly.
^ ndroM, Honoured. Treated with
^ npet and conffidezBtion. JTviriM,
&i eovteovi, aflable.
^ mdrtmai (pL /%;l^)i Honour,
Shfy, ^igiiljr, nobnitj, liberalitj, ganeroaLtr,
mocf , gnoe, goodneaa, boon^ ; any noble
■ pBaov act or qnality.
V^ sMlra^, Sorrowful, sad, dia-
f^ mMI (fern. hi^}^\ Hated,
I vfipo, delntable, abominable, execrable.
. c;U|^ (pL), Abominations, shame-
; ttiduiii, dirfy tfaioga.
V*^ mba& and iLyX«, Gain.
j^ muUiior, Broken. The imperfect
-lUiiAiabie.
^Miii and ^^^X*, Clothed,
^'s')^ sMfafii, Acquired, gained.
'^e^ Mter, Broken, cut. A bone
. ftmdYith little flesh. A consonant marked
. Til, iiU^^^ \jy jl^ Ijr*^ ^
*l '
rH^t His name was Timur, with
y^gagKagali, and two paints aboye ; and
jf.l—^Pt, with two points below ; and Waw
nM, between Mim bearing Dammah, and
■*nW«iy points.
jT*;^-.*^ maiiHrul khdtir, Broken-
i:S\maj\jj
^ •
■
And we fear
to demand her in marriage of her father, for
he would reject as as he has rejected others ;
and we are animated with feelings of honour,
so we should retam broken-hearted.
uJ^ihC^ ffMibAA/, Detected, revealed,
unveiled, discovered ; open. uJ^mX«
i.^^Jjil1, Of an open heart, sincere.
^ji^i^ mukallaSf part. pass. Calcined;
ooTered with lime. Ifukallii, part. act. A
lime burner, a maker of mortar.
^— ftlC^ mukaUaf, Excellent, choice, dis*
tingiiished, well-made, elaborate, elegant.
JSS^ mukaUdlj Crowned.
jX« mihmal^ A consummate man
(either in excellence or villany). ^^aL^
muhamfMi {fern, SIaL^), Perfect, com-
plete, most excellent.
^y^ majbiftw, Hid, concealed.
yiJS«^ mukatmiaf One who sweeps.
^yi/>.\C^ miknatai, A broom.
jyX/s nutknUMf Hid, laid up in a treasury.
(jM^S^ mtdknUa (fern. L»yL^)f Swept
(as a house).
^yiLe tnaknUn, Hid, concealed.
i\^ mthffdtf A hot instrument with
which thejr cauterise or mark the skin. A
smoothing iron. [shuttle.
clJ^C« ifuii^£(pl. uX^lC«), A weaver's
^;Lf Mahtah, Mecca. See £iL«.
JLCf mihjfdl, A measuring instrument
or Ycssel, either for dry goods or liquids.
*j\JiaSi\ m* A *>-, Upon this, there-
fore, I causea the wealth to be brought, and
meted it with a measure, and sent it by trusty
men, who went about with it through all the
dirtricte (of the earth). [deceit.
5JuC« makjfodah, A wile, a piece of
uJ^Cs mukaffffof, Endowed with quali-
ties, or with a quality.
<— flJL^ Mukayjftf, Intoxicated (a little).
^^^J^^ makln. Inhabiting, dwelling.
Firmly fixed, well estebliahed.
JjJL« mdkyiil, Measured.
L« maidf Pilling. An assembly (of
u
(400)
L.
people). A plenum, space filled or occupied
by matter. )Uj )Ll thald ita tnald,
Yacanni and plenum, Toid space and occupied
space. (jmQI ]U ^Jlc ^(M maid en-
not, Before the people, in the sight of all.
lU mold (dual ^j^^). Time either of
day or night
^)U nud-dnu (fern. &Li maldnat). Fall.
fjjyjSU mo^a^M (pi. of ^^^pAMiLf ), GFarments.
Ja::^.Jj\j\ <^j *^ ^ ^ Uli
(^l^Jl^^li «xs!l ,^vL* ^jS^ And
when he had finished the recitation of his
Terses, he desired to take up his hurden and
to depart; but lo, there came forth to him,
from that door, a young page, handsome in
countenance, comely in stature, and magnifi-
cent in apparel.
-.)L« maHdhj A seaman, sailor, mariner^
-.)L« mUdh (pi. of ,^^iL« malih), Comely,
good, beautiful, excellent* l|l Viiii^JUi
tsJUi j^^ ^ ^JU Jfl\ jxuj\j
replied, 0 my daughter, all of them are
lely; who the
joined she, until I point him out to thee.
oomdy ; who then among them P Wait, re-
ic>>L« fnaldhat, Being good, agreeable,
elegant. Beauty, elegance, goodness.
iftX>-Lt mtddhadat, Behaving hypocriti-
cally, or indirectly (with any penon). Mida-
hidai{yl. SoJLt), Hypocrites, heretics,
iniquitous men.
XIo^-Lt muldha%at or tnuIdhaMh, Con-
templation, speculation, observation, considera-
tion.
A»-Ls muldham, Added, annexed.
jLt maldtf An asylum, refiige, protec-
tion. A protector.
Ajh9 muld%m, part. Assiduous, diligent,
attentiye, attached to, perseyering, inseparable,
adhering firmly. A constant attendant or
follower. A supernumerary attached to an
office without pay. A lieutenant (in the army).
A mate (in the navy).
a^Lt muldzamatf Assiduity, diligence.
jp^tflU muldiikl part. Contigaous, ai
joining, neighbouring.
uJi^SU mtddiif, part Courteous, poHt
dril, affable, humane. Pleasant, ftcetioi
Za^SU muldtafat, Courtesy, politene^
graciousness, fayour, benignity. ^.
i& 1UI|^ (*^^ f ^^^ praise be to &
for thy safety ! Then he treated me v:
beneficence and honour, caused me to dc
near to him, and began to cheer me with «
versation and courtesy. ^ JjI J t
And I acquainted them'not with my ca«. Q
returned any answers to their que»ov; a
they wept lor me, and were vay sorwwfti
ana an old woman entered my room, asd
soon as she saw me she diaooTered dt stat
therefore she seated herself at my faeiid, i
addressing me in a kind manner, nid . . •
Zt^ht mtddtamat, Boxing one anothi
L^^L* nuUd^ib (pi. of L^.*^), ^^
pleasantries. [^
^]U muld^ak, Playing, amunog oo
^^5U fnald^ln (pi. of ^^y^Lt), Cuiw
fIjL* muldidt, A meeting, convemtij
who met me after his remoTal tommt\
pleasing to me.
_5)U muldhl, Encountering with, ja
** ing, meeting, oonyening with, oocorring.
CJU maldk, (pi. ^U), An aiigel.
J)U fnaldl or ^lU, Sadness, grief, Tts
tion, affliction, anguish, languor.
i%lL« maldmf Beproach, reprebensi
accusation, disgrace, ^j^ ^-L'
^^*r^i/^^^^
^ (401)
♦jJUcXJg U^ « ul^, Art thoa of
t nsk to ittain to this higli eminenoe, or
ndier htt thj reasoa decreased to thia extreme
^£^ dist Uion eonfrontest me with these
T«rii? Art tfaoa dreaming P and how dost
^ dnuB mdi dreams P Inform me then
ibt \m hippened to thee, and I will not
^-^m^oflMM^ Handling, feeling.
^ai25iP0»M^, Blaming one another.
c^a«^FnlL
^ naldki (pL of ^j^ mtdM),
tmai iortrBOMnis ; aoT kind of lodicroas
V T3Bt(n pistunes prohioited by law ; amiue-
BaU&rbiddenbj divine law. sji -a^) J
f!^"Jjv:i>^Jji^U^^, There-
■ yfee feiude dares and concabines played
.^ mn \a with all kinds of mnsical instm-
M, Qd tportB, and o&er performanoes.
\ ^ ^t BO that erenr one who was present
■ £ ^^^ *^^ delight, whilst the damsel
•mhI It Uitm and was silent, neither lairing
tfl««<rfayiaiidiaiU (pi. of il/lU),
aI-A^^ multasim^ Kissing. Mtdtasamf
Kissed.
f^^mddfm, Mild, gentle, affable,
,Hf, til&ft. mkiniaaivA il/wvila nlojviil VtAniflm
*^--U malkiisdt (pi.), Garments,
^ I voM, and collected what I had of
^^ ttd apparel, and sold them, after
P I wld my real property and all that my
*T^ »»aiki, Disturbed, confused, in-
^•"•t, eoibimled.
r ««irt (pi. JU), Religion, faith.
^'"^pw^. [(language).
**«M»t, Obscure, ambiguous
_s:\L« multqflf Flying to or taking
lefoge with one. A supplicant, petitioner.
j^^LUIl fl^, The right of asylum
with Bedouins. If a stranger, nay even an
enemj, touches the tent of a fiedouin, from
that instant his person becomes inTiolable.
tntdtahif, part. Covered or
covering oneself with an upper garment.
j;2^lL« multahik, part. Added, numbered
amongst. [(a youth).
^£clL« multahl, part Getting a beard
jjjd^ mtdtatdij part. Adhering, ooalesc-
ing, joined.
dtjjL^midtatm, Constrained, compelled;
convicted ; conjunct, necessarily following, at-
tached to. A tenant, a hirer, a farmer; a
toll-gatherer.
fj0acL9 mtUtasit, Conjoined, adhering.
JarJue mtdtatim, part. Waves dashing
against one another. [in his garments.
u,CiL< multiff, part. Wrapping himself
(j:,JcL9 muUaJUf One who turns his
face or attention towards an object.
^^^\ \SsL^ muUakd annahrayln, The
confluence of two rivers. [mouthful.
JtLt maltakim, part. Swallowing a
^^MAsLt mulUwiis, part. Begging, pray«
ine, supplicating. Multamas, part pass.
Asked, importuned. [glancing, brilliant.
w«aLemt</^amt^,part. Splendid, shining,
^jiL« multawam, Blamed, reprehended.
i^yJ^ multawl (fem. ^yd^). Crooked,
oblique, distorted, squinting, perverse.
i^^f\>^ mtdtahah, Inflamed, burning,
ardent.
'Lkt* malfa'a, An asylnm,a place of refuge,
a retreat. A security, support. Jlt^
* u-Cl-f. Sas^\ ^ ^^^> ^ay God
prolong thy life, and grant thee eternal per-
manence ; and mayest thou not ceuse to sub-
due those who oppose thee, and to be thf
26
i.JL«
(402)
Cil«
refbge of those who hate recourse to thee, and
the advocate of those who put their confidence
in thee.
^ milh, Salt. ^^JfsS^ ^ub% wa milh,
Bread and salt Has the Bedouin consented
to eat bread and salt with his gaest, nothing
in the world can induce him to be^ay him.
The power of the Sultan himself would not
be able to force a refugee from the protection
of a tribe, but by its total extermination.
The Bedouin, so rapacious without his camp,
has no sooner set his foot within it, than he
becomes liberal and generous. What little he
possesses he is erer ready to diride. He has
even the delicacy not to wait till it is asked.
When he takes nis repast he affects to seat
himself at the door of his tent, in order to
invite the passengers. His fl;enerosity is so
sincere that he does not look upon it as a
merit, but merely ss a duty, and be therefore
readily takes the same liberty with others.
*Xsr^ mMid, part. A heretic, pagan,
unbeliever one especially who denies the
resurrection of the dead, impious, iniquitous.
^jJ^ mulhaf and ikJ^ (pi. f^iD-lU),
The outward covering of the body.
(J^^ mtdhak, Added, joined, annexed.
attributed, coherent, adhering, touching, be-
longing to. Adopted.
^1.^^ mtdahham, Fleshy, corpulent.
^Usr^ malhamat, A bloody battle.
]ffjJ^ mulhiln (pi. fern. Cjlb^J-*),
Looked at kindly, observed with love, regard,
or respect. (JLj\]ffy.sr^ mdlhiitdt,
Thoughts, meditations, agitations of mind.
^jAsr^ mtdakhkhoi, Succinctly related,
extracted, abridged.
^%\]^mahuk, Clammy, sticky, cohesive.
i^alLt mahutn, Inseparable, necessarily
connected, affixed, belonging to.
^«fl\^ muUak (or ^jy^^ fem. ^LLdL«),
Conjoined, heaped together, united, confede-
rated, glued, fastened, fixed.
e^-^oiLf fiud^ahf A play, pastime, show ;
a theatre or place where any similar exhibi-
tion is performed. [quality.
4juiL« mal^afMt, Any damnable act or
^JycLt mal^ilh (pi. L,.>.i;r)l,^ nuUd^ib),
A stratagem, trick.
U^ffLt ma/^un. Cursed, execrated, detest-
able, excommunicated. [tioned.
!i?jiLt tnalfOM, Uttered, spoken, men-
t»fjflU malfyf, Wrapt up, involved.
Folded up. jjJ\ A^ ^-^j ^|; ^
Cy-^^jJb (J**^j '^ 9 And when he saw
her, he found her to resemble the full moon.
She was wrapped in a veil of silk, embroidered
witiigold.
LUL* mUkdt; Tweezers.
u,-^fil^ mulakkab, Sumamed. Entitled.
]ff^sL% malktit, Collected. A foundling.
(1^ malak (for C/'L., pi. uiolU and
^1L«), An angel.
Cl^ma/a(pl.Ci^),Aking, l1<U]\
^Xl almalika'l a^\ ^^^\ C£^\
dmalihCl kudiU, and (^XSU CXJL«
dCl .4 \\ malik mdlikul mtdkf Qod
Almiffhty, the most high and mighty King,
the glorious King, the benevolent Sovereign,
the sacred Lord, the King of the kings of
kingdoms, or the Lord of lords.
jitJi\ c1j3l« mdUhd oifar, The yellow
kinr. According to Mussulmen traditions this
is the name of a great kinf who will appear
at the end of the world and establish an im-
mense new empire. ^L^ ^\^ til53uJf
^LuM>- (jmIj ahnalik kdn ^M r&ijeuhohy
The king was at the head of his army.
ilS^ milk (or ^CLwu«), A kingdom,
dominion, possession. <1:i.jA4.!\ ^^^^
iiL^\j»%\ (J-Clc JuMbLi f^\j^ 1;^^
(JLijj ^ «.1<U11 ^>r*C^> And the
city, too, would be without a king, its people
•having no one to govern tbem, and to see to
their cases ; so the state of the empire would
become adverse unto thee, and the kingdoni
would depart from thy hand.
lIA.^ tnulkf Possession in lands, patri-
mony, heritage, property, power. A country.
Dominion.
iiL^ malihat or mdikah, A queen. JUi
he said, On my word, 0 my sister, none is
\S^
(403)
U«
EoitaUe to ffay kmi ezoeptbig the Qneen
Jobmh, tbe dnighter of tbe King So-and-so ;
aad ibe ii like him m beauty, loTelinesB,
el^saee, and pexfectioii.
Zi^ mdkvLt, The heavenly court, the
bll 0f isgeliy the kingdom of beaten.
j)^M«2ti2 (fem. X»CL«), Boyal ; ortho-
' icL One who ibUowB the religion of the king.
^ wiOdti^ Melkitesy or Boyalists.
^^1 f^j\ ii^ idf(fiU arrHm-el'mil'
HneQreeki^MelkiteB.
jU nZs/ (pL of IL*), Beligions*
i^*^ wlmlmnf Collected into one.
toll MJbiiM (fem. i^y^), Collected
Tf^^ ttaUnikuRyd, Melancholy.
>i^M/irdii, doalof ILe maid. Malatodn,
liaj and night.
ll^8w/tti(pL of uil« malik), Sings.
^ Jo^l L^l ^li ai:jl JU3C,
^if he tllege at a pretext to ne that be is
^<%, we are aleo Kings, and the sons of
a?'- If he allege aa a pretext to ns the
f^*%iiacaof his daughter, the son of our sister
i ooR lorelj than she.
f» Rtf/v/, Patignedy tired, languid ;
■"^aeboly, rexed.
*^9iikwwat^, Coloured, diBtinguished
^'ancttscolonn.
2^ nifZffviAi'y Distorted, crooked.
U RttKiiR, part. act. InBpiring. Mtd-
^* part pagg. Inspired.
^ mlhal, Kindled, inflamed.
H ^^t Any instrument used in
F? '^r bj wiy of recreation ; also a mnsioal
*"*«! or the art of performing.
H w^A (pi. ^lU), Beautiful, agree-
*«j8»eet,cbanning;good. Ji^^JjLfi
^ ^ni^ ib&wi makh, I have a good
F^ ^ 1% jU. ^Oii; Jj^ hal ^nda-
*• iia^t« flMnft, Hawe you a good senrant P
T^ Mf^Sfm, part. act. Softening,
»»llient A lenitive, laxative. JjjI
^J2^ IjJ (^jJ^\ yr%d ashrah dawd
mtda^ymy I wish tatake a softening medicine.
Mulayyan^ mxi, pass. Softened, soothed, paci-
fied^ pleased. ^ [that wnich.
Ub« mimmd (for U ^ mm md). From
di^U.^ mamdt, Death; the state of death.
c:.^i>,4.^ mumlt, Deadly.
JjUw« mwndatl, part. Alike, resembling,
equal, comparable. ^Ub« mumdsalat,
Beaemblanoe, similitude, allusion..
^^U^ mumdrts, Dedicated or addicted
to anything ; studious, caltirating.
iu;l4^ mumdriuai, Managing (affairs),
apylying with great attention. d^j\^^^
{jMj*i^\ mumdrasat addarSf To apply
oneself with great attention to study.
^etlayna an numaria al fadayll^ We must
practise virtuous actions.
yUb/« mvtmdtahaiy Playing> sporting,
jesting (with another). \^*k r*^\ J
\
;U^f Id iihaV al mumd'
saha ma^ ahhad, I do not like jesting vith
any one.
(jmL«w« mumds, part. Touching, con-
tiguous, a tangent.
Jla!U^ mumdlahatf Flattering. _x&L^i
AA!Ui«ii\ 9^\ {Ji Id tunuUikni liannl
akrah al mumalakahy Do not flatter me, because
I detest flattering and being flattered.
(J^U^ man^dlik (pi. of ^SX^^), King-
doms, proyinces, dominions, states, regions,
estates, possessions, crown lands.
CilXJUbi^ mamdhk (pi. of KLi^Jk/% mam-
luk)f Servants, slaves. The Mamluk or
Mamaltka were a dynasty of Egyptian sultans,
sprung from Circassian and Tartar slaves, who
usttiped the throne a.d. 1249, and possessed
ittill 1616, when they were subdued by SeUm I.,
Emperor of the Turks. ^^ t^ yh U^x««J
l^ ^JJM^^Jl J, Now while he was
sitting in hie chamber, one of his sliaves came
in to him, and said to him that there was at
the door 'a slave-girl with a broker: none
more beautiful than she had been seen.
>-
(404)
mumdni^, part. Hindering^ op-
poBing, forbidding, impeding. iju\A^
mmmanaititf Prohibition, obstacle, repulse.
cif (i ^ ^UuUJJ Ji^Cm*,^ \j\ and mui-
tatid HI mumanij^ah fjm so/i, I am ready to
repulse any attack directed against me. To
protect myself defenslTely.
j^jk^ mumtdty Chosen, distingaiBhed,
eminent, excellent, illustrious. Select. Sepa-
vate, distmct. [quioos.
Jlu^ mumtoiil^ part. Obedient, obee-
^j.^Um« mumtahin^ part. Trying, prov-
ing, examining, weighine (words). (God)
opening and ouiiplaTinff ^e heart of man).
Ajl experienced or skilnil man.
iXzuk^ mumtad, part. Extended, pro*
longed, protracted.
^Jjj4m« tnumtaiijy part. Accustomed,
used to, agreeing with one's constitution.
^Lu^ mumtali, Filled,replete,heaped ap.
w%r>,<b>« mumtani^f Prohibited; impos-
■ible. Refusing access to another. Rejecting,
abstainittg from. [glorious.
mumaffad, part. pass. Glorified,
mamha, and ^^^^^, Obliterated,
defaced.
JXw« mumaddad, Laying oneself down,
on the ground, on a carpet, or on a bed.
J^ Jl4^ fnamdad, Extended, protracted ;
stretched.
-.j«jw»^ mamdnh, Praised, celebrated,
fiimous, laudable, commendable.
^jOjA^ mumrid, Morbid, morbific.
^ Ub<« mumazEak, Lacerated.
^•jwi^.^ mamzuj, Tempered, mixed.
-^^J.4^ S-^]/^> Wine diluted with
water, jr^?^^ MamLiij is the name
giTen to any composition intermixed with a
translation into another language, as in the
following instance, to facilitate the study of
both languages. The few descriptions, narra-
tions, and other sketches which are inserted
throughout this work, will be of great ad-
Tantage to the student if he take csre to
intermix them, in the following system.
LfLj <L^ Jbj\\ cJUfU \3\, When
fortune afiicteth thee with a calamity,
\jtX^ \^ t^.^^^ 1^ ^ L5^ prepare
patience to endure it» and expand &y boM
jfjyasT ^^Ull <d1 ^U for the Lord
all creatures, in his bounty, i>m^
\jM*i fLai ^ jmji\ Jju will kiiu
cause easy drcumstanoes to follow diffir
jjUr ^^^-iC«i\ 4/;0^ jU \j\ Wi
mj bosom is contracted, I will beg aid of
is able to make easy eTerythuig that ia difia
before the eye can dose, by the grace of
Lord j^ jLef^^ j^\ CS\ii
captiTC is liberated, and the broken heart ci
forted. \euA^ jy^l] ^^\ J\ ^
Commit then to God' all thine afa
j^ lK^ *Jj*^ iJLoili for en
discerning person knoweth his beaefieel
Thou art the cause of men's fidling I
faouble, 4f>llJl mWI^ (V^^ g
and thou remotest anxieties, and the cauM
misfortunes. ls.^*m.J ^^5^ 15^
^Ji Cause me not to ooTet wbai
cannot attain. J--«r c:jli j^'J.
{:i:^i^jl^ How many who have core
have failed to gain their wishes ! i
JuuJ UmJI f^j ^1 \ZJjy^ Com'
thine affairs to the Lord of Hearen, and t
wilt be safe, CJj^a J^lai ^k?-"**^ J*
i*OJj ij and act kindly throughout
life, and thou wilt not repent
f^ f^\ i^\i^ jL\ju Associate
with the suspected, for thou wooldst be
pected, a:juJ ij ^J^ji^ vlCU ^
and keep thy tongue from reriling, for I
wouldst DC reriled.
4lSui4>^ mumaiidky (A garment) |
fumed with musk.
^yitA^ mofiMtiAy Cleaned, wipedfpolid
(405)
fvMied. inomled. HaiiBg a plain face
oralerelfoperfieieg.
^ktmA^ m§miM, Changed or meta-
BorphoKd into s more defonned shapa (e^-
qiUt men into animaLi].
\j^y'^ sMMuiU, Touched.
sLm mmuuJMat, Combed.
j^ mmM, A place for walking.
^ mmdi or wnmda*, SuLecribed,
* mthentieated. An anthentic writing.
Jf*j v/^^f Signed and aealed.
^/f^mamghiU, One who baa the oolic.
^^ mmkiU, Hated.
^lUiawtti, Possible. i-AjAadt ji.A^
■«i» W tMftf, Mitigable. jCa^
j^\mmimultaiiU, Which can be
wiuoed to a smaller number. ^jCa^
>^tit maalia ml t&'Jtkfr, Which can
^pot^xmed. Jj JucH ^^^Li^ jmrmibn
ble. ,A^\ ^^jC^Mt
Beformable. ^jLi^
w^ J) MHalf II tJ f fi^ttof , Which can
k oade rsflexible. ^fs^\ ^J.a^
"^^ittelvms Which ean be madaitnighi
f/:i1^^«M0iim«^to«ArlA,Which
«n be diaweled (in anatomy). ^J,j^
jr^\ mmmkm ul tahlr. Which can
fefihortened. J^ ^1 ^^/^ Which
«i ^ Bade kngcr, which cen be lengthened.
Ci|r ' cr^^> Which can be made clear
^ pure (water). ^^^\ ^^^I-*^
^i irf teiiffii. Which can be dirided.
Jfi^\ J^k^ mumkin vt taiilr, Which
<«tbedistilkd. jJisll jL^^ mmnkin id
I be imitated. ^jL^^
tahir, Which can be
*»«««ed. .^ilsH ^J^^ mumkm ut
^'^ Whii^eu be inoenlated or Taednated.
J?-^' ^jCi^ mumkin ut totwli, Which
egnlar order. ^^^L^^
»iiiii^aM«f/;Whichcanbe
!l
divided into two equal portions. ^«i^
l^jjlivrJ^ mtimMi tU tonsfm, Which can
be pnt in order ; which can be reformed and
modified. Jtgi;sH ^JLi^ mtmkin ut
tanftzj Which can be caused to penetrate into
anothw. (An order) which can be caoMd to
be re^tected and executed. ^jL^-^
^^uZiSl mumkin ui tantih, (A literaiy
oomporition) from which any obnoxioas forma
or ezpreidoDS can be remoyed, and dnlj cor-
rected. Jjal\ ^jL^^ mumkin ul ^aU,
BemoTable.
ISXa^ numlakat, An empire, kingdom,
tealmy dominion, conatry, proTinoe, diftrict,
powearion. Power, grandeur, magnificence.
1:j JjI ^j/t, And she said, 0 my mother,
Terily I fear for onr kingdom ; for I came to
yon, and acquainted not any ene of the people
of the empire, and I dread, if I remain long
away from them, that the hinadom will be
alienated from us, aad that the dominion will
depart from our handi.
^La/« mamlu, FuU, filled, replete. In-
disposed with repletion, l^-;^^)^ *^Ji3
^^AjXt^ , They found in it also chests
full of red and yellow and white brocades.
-.^L4i^ mamlnh, Salted. CL^l>-^L«^ (pL
fern.). Salted toeat, pioklei .
C^V>»^ mamluk, Possessed, in one's
power. A purchased slave or a cup^je. The
name of the Mamluks^ who goremed Egypt for
a long time, is the participle paasiTc of mataka,
to possess, which signifies one possessed by,
or the property of another ; whidt gi?es the
sense of slaye.
^j^k^ miman (contracted from the prep.
^ min, and the pron. ^ man), Than
him who.
e^X4^ tnomnik^f Prohibited. Forbidden,
restrained. IcyiA^ (ph ci.?lc^x«^),
Forbidden things.
^y^^i^ mamnitn, Obliged, one who has re-
[•y*
(406)
U
oeiTed a fa?our. Pleased, rejoiced, glad.
^yMi^mamnfintya^, Obligation. Plea-
Bore, gladness, satisfaction. v<^jir^
K^^^Ajj^ lj}jQ tayartanl highdyat id
mamnuni^ah. You made meexcessiTely obliged
to you, or you gare me tbe greatest pleasure,
you made me exceedingly gU9.
jijf«^ mamhar, Signed, sealed.
cji^^^ mumlt (or <tu^^), Mortal, fatal,
deadly.
^ man (pron. of com. gender, singular
and plural). He who, she who, diey Who.
Whosoever, whatsoever, every one (eitner in-
terrogatively or not). Some one, any one, a
certain person, l^ S r. l-^JlL ^^, He
who asks receives ; he who searches finds (a
proverb). L^\Ai\ slJ\j y^ ^^^nanhil
xak oihshabj Who is that young man?
1 ijb jj^ ^J^^a^- hudn man ha%d, Whose
horse is that ? kjl^\ ^ man ant. Who
are you ? yb ^ man Ail, Who is he ?
lam ^uhsin linafnhi lam yuhtin laghayrihi.
He who does not act well to himself does not
act well to another.
^ mm (prep.), From, of, for, on, than,
by. ^}pA ^i For which reason. ^
ilS^S, On your acconnt. js>\ ^,
BeHnd, at the back. ^\ ^, Hence-
forth, after this, from this time forward.
Ui^ cT* (^ <-^-^?^ cr*)' ^^^ence.
Juu ^, After, hereafter ; presently ;
never, in no shape. U Jju ^, After
that. \£^^ ^, From below. ^
^^J, Besides, except. 0^^\ ^^,
Since morning. uJ^ ^, Apart.
^\r^^ ^, Notwithstanding, although,
nevertheless, jy^i From above,
JJ ^j-i, Formerly. ^^IJJ^, Here-
tofore, fj^^ ^^ From elsewhere.
Ujb ^j^ or cJl:Jb ^, Hence. ' lub ^
cJLjb^, On every side, iu^t ^,
Daring a whole year, mji J^l ^,
From the first day. ^j ^^, By my
M
Qod. ^;|Ji ^, For a whole month.
^Xfiil ^j^. From the cradle, ^jt ^
2f^T ^1, From the first of it to the
last. j^Xfi ^j err^ <-r-^ ^J cr*»
In one respect a friend, in another an enemy.
Cii3jj>-1^^, On that account ^j^
^3 lK (or te-jl\ J^ ^)t In every
manner, in aU respects. .^S^f ^
.Ijlt ^t, From the morning tiU the
evening. \J^ i^y i/^ ^$ In what-
ever manner, in every shape, however.
S9^\ ^ (J'l>- 1«, There did not come
to me one of them, jlj^- ,j^ S-^y
A garment of silk. ^^ \^^\ m^
^^afo ^^oju kulluhwn iffhtaau min ha^i
hwm ^^ They are all offended with one
another. ^ mtn, Than. w«4>j«a11
^yi\ ^jsx>^ CJ>yUl al ku^ ma^
asiukut khayJr min anmisBa^^ To sit still
(without speaking} is better than quairelling.
fmi\ ^j^j^ cUaJI MBamd^ Jthaylr
min al kalam. Hearing is better than speaking.
^j/f man, Manna, a species of honey dew
gathered from phmts.
c^^L^ mandhp Supplying the place (of
another), doing anything for him; acting as a
looBBtenens. Lieutenancy, vicegerency.
jL/« mandhar (pi. of ««x^ mimbar).
Pulpits, rostrums, etc.
ifU-L^ mundjdtf Prayers, recommenda-
tions. Actingorspeakingprivatelywitkanotber.
^1:^^ mandkhf Climate. While Beaumur's
thermometer stands in Syria at twenty-five
and twenty-six degrees upon the coast, it
hardly rises to twenty or twentv-one among
the mountains. In winter, toerefore, the
whole chain of mountains is covered with
snow, while the lower country is always fr«e
from it, or at least it lies only for aa in-
stant. Syria and Mesopotamia unite different
climates under the same sky, and collect,
within a natrow compass, pleasures and pro-
ductions which nature has elsewhere dispersed
at great distances of time and place. If in
Alexandretta we are incommoded by the heats
of July, in three hours we are in the neigh-
bouring mountains, in the temperature of
L.
(407)
L.
ICirdi ; or. on the other band, if chilled by
the frortB of December tt Beylan, a two boun'
joonwf biiiia n buck to the oout, amid the
doTOB of Maj. The Arabian poeta bare
thetelbire and, that the monntaaxiB of STria
bar winter oo their head, aprinr upon their
dkoskkn^ aad autumn in their boaom, while
KBtmer lies iLeeping at their feet. The cli-
Bateof Sjxia ii one of the finest in the world.
JcJI LL^ vi,.^ Jlc^ Climatology.
^l^ nmndk^, ClimataL
i^S^ mmidiai. Calling to one, con-
Toidng, proclaiming. dlOj *^^^^
JjA) t/»-^'j •^j-^ ^/J^
L^t JjuJ, And afterwaids housed
to lide to the chase and banting, and to go
ibnt thnmgb the citiea and provinoea that
ver« Qoder ms role, making proclamation of
Bfctj lod Kciiritj, and doing at do the kings.
f^^ mmiddmj part. A companion, an
EOBtte frieoii.
^^ mtmdiamaij Caronsing. LfJl )\
♦;'-iJl^tyj •^IclJl jjlij^, But
^ ^fcd euonsing and wine, and oomelj
^ aad pretty Terses, and strange histories.
J-«^ mtmddif part. A crier, a herald,
iproehimer.
Ji-^U sund^/ (pL of Ji J^), A towel.
;'^ Rfsdr (pL yl:^), A candlestick,
a£p, lanfliom, pharos. A march-stone or
AHMJtry.gigf ^ a way-stone or direction-post.
I M * f
;vu.y SM ; flMmdr, The surname of
ibnb, King of Anbia Felix, who is said to
^^« ^erected such posts when going to
]^t m directions for nis return through
«^ md nninhnbited districts. Manar^
^'><, or manaruhy A lofty torret on the
"^^''iVDedaB mosques, from which the crier
^ tbe people io prayers (as they use no
And as for the arts of those who practise handi-
craft, their pursuit furnishes nothing beyond
bare maintenance ; and, besides that, the^ are
not aTaikble at all times, for the exercise of
them is chiefly confined to the Tigour of life.
Nor haTe I, on experience, discoyered a single
method of subsistence that offers prizes both
precious and easy to win, that is truly agree-
able, that yields abundant gains, or is a
source of clear profit, except that whereof
Sasan laid the foundation, wnile he practised
it in all its yarious branches, and made its
splendour to shine in eyery direction, and dis-
played it as a lantern to guide the sons of dust
cjl:^ jfiifffdst^, part. Contending, liti-
gating, opposing ; refractory.
iRj\i^ mundta^. Contest, litigation,
eontroyersy, altercation.
JjL^ fnandml (pi. of Jj-^^), Mansions,
stages, halting-places, inns, carayanseras.
c,^.rfl:M# mundM, part. Corresponding
or adapting to, conformable, proportioned,
agreeing with, quadrating, congruous, just,
apt, fit, proper, suitable, pertinent, accommo*
dated, equal, conyenient
4«M>L^ mundsahat, Proportion, connexion,
relation, suitableness, oonyenience, comparison.
ilX^\:^ mandiik, The ceremonies and
sacrifices prescribed in the pilgrimage to
Mecca.
^L^ mandiim (pi. of m***:^), Vivifying.
« Ju&L. mofUUhadat. Fraying, conjuring,
adjuring, taking God to witness.
^^L« mandshlr (pi. of jj«»v^), Eoyal
mandates, patents, or diplomas.
^\:^ mands, A place of refage, an
asylum, a retreat. Retiring, declining, flying
from, taking refuge with.
^Mtfl:^ mundsahat, Conspiring against,
laying snares for.
ij^\i>^ mundiorat, Assisting one another.
^lL^I^ms mundiofat, Dividing into two
equal parts. [tant as the Pleiades.
t u^ mandt, Distance, b^l l^li^, Dis-
Ja^j^ mandtir (pi. ofja:^), Spectacles,
public or theatrical exhibitions, aspects, ap-
pearances.
^L^ mundzir, Inspector, superintendent.
u
(408)
!^U^ fmrndfutrai, Disputation, contrast.
Inspection • 2r^U^ \ Jie ^m \d man&-
mrahf The knowledge of disciu»ion, or the
art of disputation. ijic>\:^ ui^-^ar,
taht tnanazarat, Under the care, the inflpection,
or the snperintendency of.
^UJL/t mundfuatf Entering into com-
petition with. [adrantages.
^L<« manafi^ (pi. of Xfti:^), Oains,
J^il:^* munafihj A hypocrite, an atheist.
A diaaemhler.
^L^ mundfly part. Dispelling, repel-
ling, repugnant, contrarj, endeayouring to
ruin. 5j|^l^l:Mt, Eepngnant to
politeness or humanity. [ahilities.
c^^L^ mundkib (pi. oiiJL^\ Yirtaes,
iji\:^ mundkarat, DispatiDg, ezposta-
lating.
^LuJL^ mun&hashat. Contention, contrast,
dispute. Entering minutely into calculation
with another.
(j^li/f mundkid, part. Contradictory,
contrarj, repugnant, opposite.
^^L/t munaib^^, Mutaal contradiction.
Opposition. [Shoulders.
v-^Umv mandkih (pi. of i^^i^^ tnankih),
S J^L^ mundkadatf Behaving harshly (to
another) ; giving pain, perplexing.
I%L« man&m (pi. cL^UL^), A dream.
^ ^\j J^b J^l l^ ^\Jis
v/-»j^ c^V^^^ tliU' ^^1^ C^" jLMrf
Ufsr^^ ^1^ L4I5L; ^^Ij 1^1
^«£^ , Then the old woman said to
I
her, 0 my mistress, I saw (a dream) in m
sleep as tnough a man came to me and sail
Thy mistress and the son of the king love
each other; therefore manage their affair,
carry their letters, accomplish their wants,
conceal their case, and keep their secrets ; so
wilt thou experience an immense good fortune.
^ILt marman, Beneficent, benign, pro-
pitious (applied especially to Omnipotence).
4j^L^ fnundwahat, An alternate succes-
sion.
ZJjU^ mundtcalat, Giving, offering.
^;m«XA4J1 c>k/^^ ^^^ *nundwalat ul
kurban al muJiMuUat, Beceiying the Holy
Communion. [Boads.
^U^ mandhij (pi. of ,^(^ manhiif),
_ibl:M« mandhl (pi. of ^<f>^ or ^^^f^^^^)*
Prohihited things ; sins, crimes.
IjL^ man&yd (pi. of iL:^), Deaths. ^Lai
\uijs\ \i}^\ And two of us died every
day, till a great multitude of us had perished ;
so then I saw that destruction had entered
our dwelliuffs, and had alighted among us,
. and drowned us in the sea of death.
yjL^^fX^ mumbitf part. Sprouting, growing,
yegetating, fertile, producing plants, fruits,
etc. Mamhat, A plape where plants grow.
Manhij (from ^L:^^ manbah^ which
means a temple for the adoration of fire). The
name of the ancient and celebrated town of
Hierapolis, which was also called Bambyce,
situated two days' journey to the K.E. of
Aleppo. No traces remain of the temple of
that great goddess with whose worship Lucian
has made us acquainted. The only remarkable
monument is a subterranean canal, which
conducts the water from the mountains of the
north for the distance of four leagues. All
this country was formerly Ml of such aque-
ducts. The Assyrians, Medes, and Persiana,
esteemed it a religious duty to oonyey
water to the desert, in order to multiply, ac-
cording to the precepts of Zoroaster, the prin-
ciples of life and abundance. At eyery step,
therefore, the trayeller meets with astounding
prooft of ancient population. Alone the whole
road from Aleppo to Hamah you ducover the
ruins of ancient yillages, cisterns &Uen in,
and the remains of fortresses, — nay, eyen of
temples. I particularly remarked a quantity
of oyal and round hillocks, which, from the
nature of the earth, and their steep ascent on
this eyen plain, eyidently appear to haye been
the work of man. That of Khan Shaikhun is
seyen hundred and twenty ^ces, or fourteen
hundred French feet, in circumference, and
near a hundred feet high. These hillocksy
scattered at regular interyals of nearly a league
frx>m each other, are coyered with the ruins of
citadels ; and they were also places sacred to
the adoration of the Sun, according to the
well-known nractice of the ancients of wor-
shipping on nigh places. The traditions of
the natiyes atmbute all these works to the
infidels.
(409)
XT
^ wmh&r, A pnlpit, a high chairi a
1. ■: tiiifiifciitV, part Dilated, extendad.
HiTo^ tn open or cheerM ooantenance.
SqdoD^, ealtiag. [orig;m.
u^ MMJi^, Afountaiii, spring, aouice,
dxj^ mumia^f Sent.
J^ mMmhofkJ, Desired, required,
tmiHih, Dog up by the root.
y ^^
^ KoMik, An admonisher, an
mkaer. An aknn-bell or dock.
«^ mut, An obligation, favour, coor-
^. gnce. MmuuU, Streogth, power.
^ wmtii, Prodocing, resulting in.
tmiuir, Scattering, dispersed.
mmUaM, Weeping bitterly,
<^^sCi^ tmntaihH, part. act. Selecting,
<^«ng the best. Mtmiakhab, Choeen, se-
■^QhI; asdecdon.
S*"'"-< MMa^Mod, part. Named, denom-
Bi^ BcMnbUnff (niiotlier)mBpeciM. Koble.
jj'i^ munUiH, Arranged, disposed in
^; adhering in n regoLir series or row.
r^ mmUik^, part. Explained, pub-
^ Effused, dispened.
V<<^^ ntm^oM^, part. Standing erect.
1^ viUi die Towel /o^iU f «). Bained
w). Having erect horns.
^ mmUmh^ part Listening to advice,
-di-proTingnponU.
/^asstftn-, part. Conquering, be-
■■Qf nperior to an enemf .
^^^^mmUn/^ part. Mid-day. Eeep-
^•Stfceauddle. [(for).
f^nwioMir, In expectation, looking
F^ «w<«wr, Expected, looked (for).
f^maUaum^ part Ordered, arranged,
P^ in rows^oined together, threaded (as
l*B»B^). Mimtazim^ fiegnlating, placiiig
**«r, transfiiing, piercing.
t*^ mim^^^, part XTsing, enjoying,
^^ the sdrsntagOy profit or use of any-
f^mimUfi{rem. fjij^), Bepulsed,
ff.«iei remofcd, diiripated, destroyed. Re-
— teiade.
tmrntMl, Being transported,
carried, emigrating, passing (to another).
»grj»^ sMfirfaifcm, past. The punisher, the
* arenger.
_a:u^ muntoil, part. Selecting.
^^dJlii^ nmnialuu^ Inverted, crooked,
haring the head hanging downward.
muntaml, Belated, connected.
muntin, Putrid, stinking.
mimiahi^ part. Seizing an oppor-
tnnity. [np.
muntahid, part. Excited. Bising
mimtaha% part. pass. Finished,
terminated, ending. Muntaht, part. act.
Brinnng to a conclusion. MimUha\ The
concnuion, term, hoondary, extremity.
^ ^j^ ^ v^^c;* ^^ **' (^
Tl&en he asked me respecting my case, and
what had happened to me. Wherefore I ac-
qnainted Jiim with my whole affair from hegin-
ning to end ; and he was astonished at my story.
\^f>^^ mtm^oirl, Directed towaida any-
thing.
\^Ji\\^ mutuakah, Perforated, pierced.
j^j^ manmr, The winter gillyflower.
j^^^ (^^^^^f Terse and prose.
mwMJjiij A maker of cushions
andheds.
fnw^auh^ part. Going quick.
Mu^azab, Drawn, dragged, seized, snatched.
munjitf part. Performing (pro-
i). [(business) .
i^Jj^Umtffi;Vnuim,Cut,amputated. Abrupt
J^^t« munfal, A reaping-hook, a scythe.
j^sx^munojlftm, part, act An astronomer,
' an astrologer, an almanack-maker.
munjamad, Congealed, concreted.
manjanlk, A warlike engine, a
catapnlta, a balista, a battering ram. A
pulley, a machine for raising great weights.
.^w« manh, Giring, pr^enting.
munhadab, Prominent (back).
'•• •
jS^L^ munhadir, part. Descending a
dedirity.
(410)
immkofafj Changed, inTerted.
Mmiharift Dedining or tninmg firom.
munhatar. Surrounded, besieged,
blockaded, pressed, enrironed, confined to,
reBtricted, contained, comprehended.
L^U munhit, part. FoUing, let down,
deMending.
Ji^L* munhal, Dissolyed.
^J^^^ munhairii or mimAoiui', Flexible,
crooked, bent.
(jwj^t* manhiUi Unfortunate, unhappy.
eA2CU mmkhadi^ Deceived.
/^^ maiiiUar.(pl.^^L^}, The noetrilB,
thenoee.
^^l^sru mutMartk, Tom, lacerated.
cj2CV« munkhazi^, part. (A rope) cut
or broken through the middle (not at the ends).
munkhMtf, Eclipsed (moon).
s^ munkhashi^y Humbled.
munkhafid, part. Depressed, sub-
jected.
^t£^^ mufMaft, part. Hid, absconding.
s^L^ mrnMul or munkhal, A sieve, a
•• •
munkhaU^, part. (A bone) dis-
located by any accident. Extracted: eradi-
cated, [oneself.
"• -^ ^ munkhanik, part Strangled by
^j«X:^ mundarij, part. Comprehended,
contained, collected, registered. Comprehend-
ing, etc. InTolved within itself, coiled or
roHed up. [Cancelled.
^ji^:^ mundaris, part. Obliterated.
t-fAV^ mundaf ajxd JljOj^^ mundafai, A
laive bow bent, the string of which they beat
wiw a kind of mallet in separating or teazing
cotton ; also the mallei
^JCb^ mundafi^, part. Beat, trampled
npon, repulsed, removed, taken away. Given,
deUTerea, surrendered. [diffused (water).
j;ijj»/t mundafik, part. Spreading wide,
^Jlx^ mundalik, part. Preceding, out-
stripping in going, running, etc. Going out,
removing from one*s plaM. Bursting from
the belly (the intestines). - [pents of.
<1<A:>.^ mandamat, That which one re-
4.^^00^ mandnb. Lamented, celebrated
in a funeral oration.
uJ^tXi^ ffiaiiifi/,Carded or teazed(cotton).
^jc^ mundahin, part Anointing one-
self:
'd\ ^^ «3a^. From
(Jj jc^ mandfl, A table-table. MniiU
A towel or table-doth fringed. A wreath,
sash, turban-cloth, or anythme rolled round
the head of man or woman. A handkerchief^
whether thrown round the neck or worn stock
in tiie girdle.
JO/f munMU or minwu (contra from ^
and 1 J), From, since. cImL ^ jo^
j^f IJjb mtffisti ham halaghak hiatal
khaboTf How long is it since you received this
news?
Thursday.
jX^ mutmirf An admonisher, adviser.
jX^\ al mun»ir, The name of a prince
of the Arabians ; also of his tribe.
jf^ (Xx^ maiwfir. Promised, vowed, offered
up, dedicated, consecrated.
munmasa^f Fulled up (herbage).
munaaf, Bleeding.
J^Jm« mamal, See J^* Jfa$uitl (pi.
JjI:m«), a caravansera, inn, or any
place for the accommodation of travellers, a
house, hotel, lodging, mansion, habitation,
dwelling. A mansion of the moon. A post-
office, a stage where post-horses are fbmished.
UJi\ d^ lyb^, Then they went
forth from him, and returned to their abode,
and passed the next night.
ilyu^ mafMtlat, A post of honour, dig-
nity, station, condition. ^ XJjj^ ^9,
In the capacity of a brother, like aWo^er,
brotherly.
(J^J-i^ mufuuiUk, part. Slipping, sliding.
Slippery. Liable to slide or fall.
cjiL:^ ffuifisil^, Tom up, eradicated,
swept away, carried off,
^•li/« muwtawlf A hermit, r&luse.
njj^ munaaahf Exempted from, fr-ee.
Fure, blameless, holy. IsUlt ^ 2f^j^
muruuah ^<m ul ffhalat, InfriUible.
mamaj, The instrument by which
the web is stretched when working.
mi«iMaAti&,part. Worn by friction ;
reduced to powder, crumbled to dust.
*.
(411)
k^
Juj^ muntaij pari Cloeed, obstructed,
ihot njL Cloong i^ (holefl).
m^ mmuanhy pari Flowing, gliding,
erapiBg. M onng to and fro.
f"^ mtmtaiihf pari Expanding one-
$4 Ijifig M the btek witiumfc motion.
Jim^ nintaf, A &n, a Yentilator for
^^^ muuik (pi. uiwl:^*), A place
dm&ttf cfpedallj in the Talley Monna,
oiarMeea; also Uie rites and ceremonies
aita&f those Mcrifioes. A freqaented place.
Marnkf Being de? oted to religious ceremonies.
cA.-:^ mmuakib, part Flowing, fluid
(Hvtter); ihed.
jm^ moiia/. Drawn from its Boabbard.
wttttuaUbf Taken as spoil;
,«^my. [eldn).
p^WBiM^ pari Drawn off (as a
^iiL;^ mnualii^ part. Joined, con-
ittled, earolkd amongst, added.
*
wnwiWit, Enlirening, yivifying,
y^ sMMfi^^ Belative, related, be-
^io^, iddieted to, depending npon. Con-
m
'^.y^ »Ma«A%0^y Belationship, oon-
Boioii, quality of pertaining. Jt>^\
'*r>y»^ inMnmunb, An adjectiye
^^ relation, connexion, or qnalily of per-
viiagtoiomething.
If^ nuMuaJ, Woven, (a garment)
»Wnght with gold. 4i)U-yyyJ»^ (pi.
fan.)» Things woven ; gold- wrought
(*^ mamukh (fern. i:>^ym^), Can-
«>H oUiteiated, abolished, broken.
"AMitib, Banged, placed in order.
Msil, Forgotten, buried in ob-
. *j«, Mglectsd, omitted.
*^ MaaiM, The principal, beginning,
•*•?■» loaree, spring, motire ; the exordium
« «pimait of any composition.
)^ minthdr, A hand-saw.
'***^ miuA*i, part. Making a sign,
pointiitt to, or informing (where anything is
»«). Bedtiag (Tfltses). Satirizing.
•■ A
m m
mwuharthf part. Cheerful, re-
joicing.
&/»*^^ mumharimf Split, slightly cut.
mamhak, The nose or nostrils.
munshak, Splii
j^tu^ maiMAar, Diffused, spread abroad,
diTulged, published (as a book). A ror^
man&te, diploma, patent, or pnyilege. IM-
Tided, cut with a saw.
4^jAiV^ fmtnahaioi, Boasted.
^^^AuJ^ mumhl, A writer, the author of
a book, a secretary.
c,,i.fl;^ matutA (pi. ^^^L«), Dignity,
office, ministry, magistracy. A high place;
a place where anything is erected. Mtmsab,
part. Poured out^ diffusing itself; smitten with
toTe.
nmnsabiffh, Dyed. Baptizing.
munsarif, part. Converted, turn-
ing back, receding, departing, relating to.
-ft.a.;./< mama/, The middle or half of
the way. Munaif, Discreet, just.
^ya:^ fnantah. Erected, constituted.
Marked with the vowel-point fatha ("a).
Pitched. ^JU JL(i\ 1 jjb ^ ^ ^1
Liya:^ CiUl^ uirA^ ^^ ^^1/
^^^\ lJ*^ ls'^' Verily I have been
in this place twenty years without seeing in
it any one, until yesterday, when I heard weep-
ing, and I looked in the direction of the
sound, and saw many people, and tents pitched
on the shore of the sea.
fnarMTf Aided, defended, pro-
tected (by God]. Victorious, conquering.
ijyou^ maniUrai, Name of several towns.
maiuUs, Manifested, declared.
mnndaji^ part. Beclining on a
bed or on the ground (especially on the side).
mundafir, part. Two (ropes) twisted
together.
M^\^ mundam, pari Contracted, heaped
' together, joined, added, inserted.
.^^kii^ muntahikhf part. Cooked, boiled,
^dressed. [obedient^
muntabi^ pari Tame, trained.
(412)
^Jec^ muniarid, part. Priven away.
^^aIix^ muntafl, part Extinct.
^jia:*^ mantihj An oration, eloquence;
(or ^V»;4iH Jlc), Logic, reasoning.
Mmtak (and JIaL:^}, A girdle, zone,
belt 'T^j^^ ^[aL:^, The celestial
girdle, t^e zodiac. iCtJJi\ J^aL:^!,
The frigid zone. Sj\A\ J^fik^t, The
torrid xone.
^<gVr:,.^ mantaJ^, Logical, dialectic.
^jUai/t muntaiik, part. Dismissed, set at
liberty, departing ; loosened, relaxed.
Jf^laiw* mantnk, Said, spoken, articulated
distinctly, related, told. An expression. The
spirit and disposition of any document.
4^^kL« tnuntatpif Folded, involyed, wrapt.
Inclosed.
^^]aL« matuar, The countenance, f&ce, as-
pect, visage, looks. A spectacle, stsge play,
theatre, scene; anything looked at, agreeable
or disagreeable. Object of sight, l^^
Ja:4^iDefonned in countenanoe.CJ^Lsi
v^ br^^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^>j
f^Uj ^j^^\ Ait^^^l, And she
proceeded to bum perfume, and to invite and
oonjure, and repeated spells until tiie sea
foamed and was agitated, and there came forth
from it a young man of comely form and
beautiful countenance, like the moon at the fhU.
munauaf, Cleaned, purified,
purged. [Suffering injustice.
Jia:^.munsuilim, part. Bearing injuries.
aVi'*^ fhutunzam, Arranged, in excellent
* order, placed in a row. [visible.
jya^^ tnannur, Seen, looked at, admired,
/•^lai^ mantUm (fern. Ju^la:^), Joined,
threaded, arranged in order. Metrical, versi-
fied, poetic. Lt^au^, A piece of
poetry. A system, series, hierarchy. Any-
thing placed in a series, line, or order.
man^, A prohibition, hindrance,
'obstacle, preventative, ref\isal, opposition. To
forbid, repulse, inhibit, reject, negative, deny,
dissuade. L&^\ ojjj ^xJ\ ^^ mm
J
r
al fmm^ tasftf arrmgkb^ From fnhih
desire increases. [the light
mun^H, part. Donating
mun^mt part. Extinct, Ic
mined, destroyed, annihilated, ananllsd,
molished.
pnm^adl, Anyone who has
"tracted a contagious disease, ai ^
having received a contagious dises
J^ic^ miffi^osiZ, part. Deprived of <
removed from ministry or from a goi
mtm^Mir, Pressed (grapes).
M^n\^ ffitm^ottm, part. Freserred,
* fended.
L-oV>irv^ mun^atif, part. Bent,
inflected. Turned on one side, turned from ^
towaitis.
tXJbc^ muncahd, Agreed upon, conehdd
(peace, marriage, bargain). Tied, boiod, co^
tracted. Congsaled, dotted, formed.
mun^akiTy part Wounded ia tbi
feet (as a camel or hone).
^^/Sjc^ mun^Jtii, part. Inverted, plaoei
topsy-turvy, reversed (as a figure in a mmr]
i^JJjCf mun^akiff One who pays atteo
tion. Jj«S\ ^J^iiifC^ ^ Mamm
^ifah iMl "tUm, She pays attenluw t
learning.
MiC^ mun^m, part. A benefactor. Beo£
ficent, liberal, gracious. Generous.
fJ^Jci^ munghadlf Washed.
(^jc^ * munghalihf part. Shut np c
against; dose.
j^^ic^ munghamiry part. Sunk, plon^
i^yc^ munghawiy part. Seduced, d*
ceived.
ujii^ Manfy Memphis in Egypt, on t)
canal of Menouf, which connects the Dismct
and Roeetta branches of the Nile, thirtf wl
from Cairo. Manf, Mats, and then sre i
digo works. Pop. Unascertained. Abslfe
speaks of thin place in the following terms ;
Hanf is the andent capital of Egypt. It
situated to the West of the Kile. ^
Amru-ben-Al^as! made the conquest of iu
destroyed it, and built Aliustat on the oil
side or the Nile, to the west, by the order ■
instructions of Omar-ben-Alkhattab. Meiu
possesses many intereeting antiquities s
ruins, which were worked in the rock, i
which have been hewn and converted ii
different figures. They are painted in gn
and other colours, which have oonMrvsd ik
(418)
biHiiocy 19 to the present time, and haTe not
been affected by toe ion dozing bo many
Ofltenea.
iL^ minfiikj A pair of bellows.
tnafatih, part. Open (door).
^ nfatH, part. Split, broken, cleft.
jiiu mmfidU, Twisted (rope).
j^ M^akk, A pair of bellows.
JAL9 mtnfadi, part. Bedeemed.
iLf tmfa, A place through which
Bf^ pasBes or penetretee ; a hole. A
^Jjt mmfarij, part. Tranqnil, con-
Wed, bppj, free from grief or caie.
>.y^ mn/tfiil, part. See JyCS, Simple,
alai^6o]itBi7,singalar,iiniqne. \t}jAi>^
Sepntely, mlely. Smgly. [dispeceed.
J/^mn/drt^ part. Distinct, separate,
^/^x^ manfas, A vent, a breathing hole.
^^mmfuikh, part.Dis8olYed, broken.
^^ mtnfygid, part. Cormpted.
u^ imtii/aM?, part. Separated, dis-
mt^ digoined, distinct.
*bLi mmfiumy part Broken, with a
■Efttatkn of parti, dashed to pieces.
r^ mmfadih, part. Detected in vil-
'^ttd ej^oeed to reproach, rendered igno-
sawia [does good.
mrn^, Usefoli anything which
*
<«i^ sum/S^o^, Use, utility, interest,
f^ gain, adrantBgo.
Jtt^ mmfi^H, part. Disturbed, afflicted,
*^icrd. Made, performed, done.
«
0^ mmfik, part. Expending money
(^ ny peiBOii or thing).
^^^ munfai^ Dislocated, remoyed
fattaplaoe; separate, distmet; alienated.
if^manf&Jsh, Inflated, tumid, swelled
»*el»ay. [horred.
J^nanfir, Held in detestation, ab-
manfiuhf Separated, carded
• *
s/f^ numfud. Shaken ; concusised.
■
f^ "mh/Umr, part. Conceived, under-
Aood.
^Jc^ manfl (fern. f<i:^)» Negadve.
Bepolsed, rejected, thrown aside ; banished.
J\m^ mtmk&d, part Obedient^submissiye.
j\k^ minkdr, The beak of a bird.
^U;^ tninkdsh, Pincers, tweezers.
LS:^ mankahat (pi. l^L« mandh%b\
Any praiseworthy trait of character. An
anecdote, ii^y^jts^ iJ^:>^j^\ OMobr
titankabah mMMmwUhj Patience is an excellent
quality.
^^d*A:i.^mttnitaM7,Eetracted. Contracted
within itself. Constipated. Bestrained, con-
strained, bound.
Jc^Ai^ munkaiil, part. Slain, killed.
^^^ munakkah, Eeyised, purged of de-
fects (a writing). . [deemer.
JM^ munkn, part. Liberating. A re-
ijOjii^ munkarid^ Extinct (a lineage,
dynasty). [parts.
ff*JL^ munhoiimj part. Divided into
^/uJu^ munakkMhy Painted, embroidered.
jiih>^ munkathir, part. Peeled, skinned,
barked.
^,Q.flfl>,># munkatif, part Broken.
^■S'> ^ munkiuim, part Broken to pieces,
separated. [pleted.
^nnh^ munkadl, part Finished, oom-
hh^ munakkat, Marked with points.
Spotted, dotted.
^Vi«v^ munkaU^, part. Broken (rope).
Jilx^ munkaJU, part (A gate) locked.
j\j Ji:^ manghal ndr (Turkish used
in Arabic), A chafing-diBh for warming apart-
ments with charcoal.
b^f munkalib, part. Turned, changed,
converted, perverted, inverted, averted.
jlfti-* munkali^ part Tom out or up,
removed from its place, extracted.
<di:^ minkaia, A sector (mathematical
instrument).
^^M^ munkami^ part. Subdued, tamed,
subjected.
mank^hy Bored, hollowed, dug.
^f:^ mankush (fern, iijiu^), Carved,
painted, embroidered. ^\ \^ssj\ jj
(414)
^•V^ iuJ\^ j^y ciJLsJl j^Jls^I
J^sll fV^' -^^ ^^^^ passed thence
to the third chamber, in which they found
dosets having upon their doors closed locks,
and oyer them were cnrtains worked with
▼arions kinds of embroidery.
tjAi^ mankat, Spotted, dotted.
c^a:^ manj^u^y Soaked, steeped in water.
J^Ai^ mankiil, Said, narrated, recoanted.
Copied. Carried ; or that which can be carried
from one place to another.
fJ:^ matiakl^, part. act. One who cleans
"com. Munakka\ Cleaned, purged, purified.
mankib, The shoulder, also that
part of the arm next to it. jjb U* tiJ
K^SuAi\ ^\^ ^Ul Jijh ^jMi\, And
while they were engaged in the game, she
cast a glance, and beheld among the soldiers
a young man, than whom there was none more
handsome in aspect, nor any more beautifol
in appearance, bright in countenance, with
laugmng teeth, tall, and wide-shoiUdo^
jL^ munkir, part. act. Denying, reject-
ing, disapproying, repudiating, takii^ ill, being
disobliged, having no conndenoe in another,
not belieying what he professes. Munkar,
part. pass. Denied, not acknowledged, dis-
owned, unknown. Ungrateful, wicked, in-
iqoitous. Iniquity. jSj^^^^ Munkir
wa NahiVf The respective names of the two
questioning angels who visit the dead.
C^l^Kj^^ munkaraif Bad, reprovable,
wicked actions.
^jS:^ munakkaSf part. pass. Inverse,
having the head inverted, c^jtji lOV J
Then putting himself in a respectful posture,
he saluted the assembly, prayed for them, and
kissed the ground before them | after which he
stood, hanging down his head m humility.
munkastr, part. Broken, fragile ;
fnul. Put to flight (as an enemy). I
jxA\ iL^, She then said^ I went
yesterday to the young lady, and when she
beheld me, with broken heart and weeping
eye, she said to me, 0 my aunt, wherefore do
I see thee with oontractea heart P
jL^ munka8if, part. Eclipsed or ob-
i Mkh • I
Bcured by clouds (as the sun or moon).
^mJiuS:^ munkashif, part. Discovered,
uncovered, revealed, detected, published, dis-
played. [A press.
^Ux:m« mangh&ne, A blacksmith's vice.
^yL^ tnanknh, part. Afflicted,mi8erable.
j^Jn^ tnankur, Denied.
{ju^^x^ mankm (fem.i^^^ii^), Inverted,
perverted, preposlferous.
menu, Menu, a Hindoo legislator,
and the supposed author of a code of laws and
morality. This vast work, which is still ex-
tant, is written in verse and in the Sanskrit
language. Sir William Jones translated it
into English, in 1796. The Hindoos consider
Menu as the son of Brahma, and the first
created man. There is no authentic date to
be assigned for his birth ; but the code which
is attributed to him is considered to be older
than the Yedas, which latter were composed
about the 11th or 12th century b.c.
Jt^w^ mantodl, A mode, manner, rule,
form, constitution, disposition, frame, texture.
Jl^:i.«!1 \ jjb ^^^, In this manner, ac-
cording to the rule.
iy^^ manwat, Desire ; a wished for object.
jy^ munnawir, part. act. One who illus-
trates ; that which illuminates. Munatowar,
part. pass. Illustrated, illuminated, dear,
splendid, bright Elucidated.
]ff^ manutf Dependent, &stened, bound,
belonging to, attached, tied.
ic»^ mink, From him, from it. Ifi^
mt'fiAa, Fom her, from it
-ppl^:^^ mtnhqff A patent road, or wide
^street ; a highway.
]fluf»*« munhahit, part. Depressed, de-
scending, falling. [virgin.
tl^'*|;^ munhatiky part. Tom; vitiated
-^#*^ manhajf Way, manner.
J j^^ munhadir, part. Baining heavily.
d^
(415)
sumjIa^, part. Demoliahedy de-
tizvred.
hf^ m«ibN0i, Pot to flight, nmniiig
anj, dinomilted in battle.
MfxIwAfflt, part. Broken.
vmka/^y part Well-digested.
I
^f«euii^, A foantain, a spring, a
jPfBd ia the acoimten of that sort of war-
^ vbik I ioTwted m jMlf with its distinc-
Itre kige^ tsd adopted its symbol as my
^0o«atioDs; peroeiTing it to be a merchaa-
ie thit nerer £ula, a fountain that is nerer
^ !{>, ud a hunp to wbicli all mankind
a^t raort, and whereby the blind of every
MR aigbt be enlightened.
|iH mntoitt, Marked with lamM (').
^)H"Mil«i, Taken asplonder, plan-
U«f« fkw^mxk (fern. iL^^ mtf»-
'MtioA], Aflsidnons, addicted. (j^3\^*
jl
5^ the dani^hter of that king lored that
1^ She frequently adored it, and was as-
■Bow in \a wonhip of it.
^f^ MnAf, Forbidden, prohibited.
^>^ MMAiya^ (pi. fern.), XJnlaw-
^togs. j^ mmhl^ One who
yr«»«l (pL ^j^ mtrnt), Spermageni-
h' ' • •
"'■.^mtmnlieris}.
V^flfliya^, Sperma genitale. Mimyai
•^ ^)» ^ ^i»h, desire.
^ "**y<< (pL ^lv« fMM&yi), Death.
S-« JCi « ^^Ul^ XioU) ^J,
" ^ ^
* U1^, Grieve not on account of noc-
turnal calamities, since eyery affliction will
haye its final end. And he whose death ia
decreed to take place in one land, will not die
in any but that land. Send not thy messenger
on a commission of great importance ; for the
sonl has no faithfiil minister save itself.
munlr (fern. lj^\ Shining, splen-
did, illuminating, illustriona.
man\^ Inaccessible, impenetrable,
impreg^ble. [incomparable, noble.
munlfy Eminent, exalted, sublime,
\y Jfadh {Mcodfi in Greek), of the
Father. The son of Lot by his eldest
daughter : the father of the Koabites.
i^yj^^y tnuw&hiifUn, obi. ^^^tii^y mw-
wiblymj The posterity of Moab, who dwelt to
the east of the Dead Sea, on the river Amon.
i\j\^ mudidt, Consenting, agreeing,
stipulating.
(ji\y muwdsik, Confederated.
(J^^y mawdslk (pi. of ^^^*^), Agree-
ments, confederacies, pactions, compacts.
\y^^ maietvdj, Stormy, tempestuous.
Wayes.
„^^\y9 mawdjib (pi. of l^^^c^j^ mmO"
Jab) J Causes, objects, necessities.
\y muwdjahat, Presence, appearance,
meeting face to face, coming before (another) ;
beholding, confronting; conferring; laying.
i^\y muwdjahatan or i^^\yii\)
ba*l muwqfahah. Before, in presence of.
Slfi^f^ mudkhdt, Fraternity, brotherly
loye.
ij^\y^ mudkha»at, Blaming, reproach-
ing. J^ J^^V ^^^ ^^ ^ J^
<UJ1, c-^jSI Uj J^1\, And he
^
said, I entreat thee hj God that .thou be not
angry with me ; for nitigae and trouble, and
paucity of what the hand possesses, teach
a man ill manners and impertinence.
2fJali,.,
*^-
jf \jii
X
Be kind enough as to excuse me ; I haye wearied
thee to no purpose.
I
(416)
\,
jr^ ij^ mualharai, Postponing! delaying.
j\yi mawdd (pi. of ij\^), liatten, ar-
gaments, points, articles. ^^\ i^\y,
Articles of peace.
t^j^y^ mawdrid (pL of *^jy)t Passes,
entrances* J^Ijl^j ^J^y^ TaaaagGs,
entnnoes and exits, ingress and egresi.
^j\y fMwdmeh, or more properly
^j^UIl ^Uall tUtdyfiU alm&romijfah,
The Maronites, or the nation of the Maronites.
This powerful nation, inhabiting a ^reat part
of Monnt Lebanon, may be oonsiderea as
diTided into two classes— the people and the
shaikhs, bj which must be nnderstood the most
eminent of the inhabitants, who, from tiie
antiquity of their families, and the opulence of
their fortunes, are superior to the common
daas. They all li?e mspersed in the moun-
tains in Tillages, hamlets, and CTen detached
houses, which is never the case in the plains.
The whole nation oonsists of cultivators.
Every man improyes the littie domain he
possesses, or farms with his own huids. They
all live finely, without many enjoyments,
but also with few wants. Property is as
sacred among them as in Europe ; nor do we
see there those robberies and extortions so
frequent in the plains. The Maronites are
dependent on Borne. Though they acknow-
ledge the supremacy of the Pope, their clergy
continue to elect a head wita the tide of
Batrak or Patriarch of Antioch. Their priests
marry, as in the first ages of the Church ; but
their wives must be maidens, and not widows,
nor can they marry a second time. They
celebrate mass in Syriac. The Gospel alone
is read aloud in Arabic They are governed
by a Kaimmakam of their own nation, who
depends on the Pasha of Beirut.
Sljl^' mudsdt, Being parallel, opposite
to, equidistant firom ; proportioned, equal to.
^J^y muwdtanat. An equilibrium. Com-
paring (two things), making equal; being
equivalent or opposite to, corresponding with.
k^j^y tnudzi, Parallel, being exactly
opposite to, and resembling one another.
Equal, nearly, about
^jl^ tnawdzJn (pL of ^]j-^), Balances,
measures, weights.
i\^\y muwdssdt, Kindness.
^^^y fnawdshl (pi. of JL&U), Quad-
"rapeds, especially camels, sheep, cows, calves,
and other similar cattle. ^;\^U Ui^li
we ate what food we had in our dveUiafi
and after that we fell upon the beasts lai &|
^ them, and there remained nothing.
iSMfi\y muwdtalat, Conjunction, adb^
sion, copulation, enjoyment. Being eonstia*J
with another; enjoying a beloved object A
tainment
^^^y mawddi^ (pi. of ^^y\ Plsci
^J^^y mawdtin (pi. ot^Jiffy)^ Conntrii
native dwellings, habitations.
i^^\y muwdtih, Assiduous, pen
Tering. ^^y mwcdwiham, Asadi
onsly, continuaUy. l^\ynmcdMh^
To attend with great perseverance and at»^
nity. \impji Ji^ y^^Wy UaJ du^i
nuwdab ^Mla* fanUmOj Let us sttead to ui
duties with perseverance and asaduity.
iOkC^y muwd^adat, Promising, plightit
faith, appointing time and place.
]ae\y mawd^ (pi. of lia^y), Advice
exhortations, sermons. jj la^^
t,.^»j>H nunod^ttffim esauUM, Sermoi
of St. John Chiysostom. ^\i i^j^
ija*i*^ ^LJl\} \f^^j^ «xi^ d^UL^I^
jyJiS^ ^^i\^ i^\y1\ 2fiA ^^ I sua
moned a writer, and ordered him to write tbr
verses and admonitions and lessons, and eiii»
them to be engraved upon these doon u
tables and tombs.
JucL^ mawd^d^ Promises.
^^y muwdfih, part. Consentiog, agre
ing, approving, conformable, eonsonmot, ro
gruous, apt, expedient. Prosperous, fsTo-j
able, propitious. lAi\y mUwd/aka
analogy. J^ U Jx CiUiU uvaj
Conformity, agreement, concordance, con
spondence, consent, sympathy, unaaimii
kak ^M ma takuly I agree to what you sa
^^y tnawdki^ (pi. of ^y)t Occu
rences, contingencies, accidents.
c^f^ mawdkib, Troops, soldier
legions, armies. [t:^
ii\y muwdldt, Priendship, lore, affr
oy
(417)
cr*
(J!^ M<2iM^ Bflbg pofidiona, nn-
u.y mi^/Sii; Being aoeuatoiiied, etc.
jU«««ft,(pL of J^), Lorda,
jy MtfdA, Those tribes of Bedouins
*vfco eocainp in the plains sitiuted between
%ood BunaKiuL Tlra MawftK an the
■OB poverM and the richest among the
^ « tbej pay lome attention to ligricnl-
tare, iid pariike in the trade of the oaraTans
Tb(i|o from Aiq»po to the other parts of
•^>« MwdUd (pi. of J^^ mawM^,
%ioou; in jjl^ 2]bS1 atUhdUtihal
^M, The tfaiee kingdoms of nature, —
KKal» legetable, and animaL
y M wiamarsi^ Gonsiiltiiig, adTising.
Lr* V« widiMi, Familiar. See ^^--j U
^>iMaiufg#, Costom, ^milisritj,
iBieto, iitjiaaej, eompaaionship.
t^^Mvas^, Impediments, obstacles.
^' v» MvdAt», Gifts. Ditches.
»?H flMfijni (pi. 5 j5U), Tables, espe-
^7 eofered with meats.
»fr ••■**W, Eternal, perpetual.
^r ««^i Death; to die. ^ ^^\
0^' uT* V^ ^ ^''*'* ihiZ/f<At»iri md-
<•«> <i(r»t, All the people hare died with
^"^'''^i, To be ignorant is death to the
J|«tt of AdtB, how carelen art thon of the
^wtieh » before thee (which thon mnst
^J^- Thy jMTi and age hsTe diTerted
■«« Hob pajng to this important aflair an J
•' U**^ i.i^ Vi
attention. Knowett thon not that the cup of
death will be filled for thee, and that m a
short time thon wilt drink it P Look, then,
to thyself befine entering thy gra^e. Where
are uose who posMMea the oonntriea, and
abased the peoples of the earth, and led
armies P (I take Ood to witneis) that the
terminator of delights, the separator of eom-
')ns, and the devastator of flourishing
wellings, has alighted against them, and has
transported them m>m the amplitude of palaces
to the straitness of the grave.
mu-utajiTf part. Mercenarj, hired.
^j^y mu'Utamin, part act Trusting to,
confiding in, detolring one's affairs to the
management of another. Mu-utaman^ part
pass. A cnrator, any penon trusted, in wnom
one is safe and secure.
(J^ mawta\ Deceased, the dead.
j)y mu-asir, part. Preferring, choosing.
jy^ mawiHk, Belied upon.
mawf, A wave, surge, billow.
>-y0 m€Ljib, part. Motiye. Causing,
requiring. A cause, c^^^^^^^f^ J^«^
L^\ipi\, A good action, worthy of a
reward. ii^Uj)! f^.^^^^. Causing a
diabetes. l.;..a9»»-^ lb, Without a cause.
jLs»-^ mujibdt (pi. fern, of w^j^)>
Causes.
mUjid, An inyentor.
tnnjir, Hiring, lettbg to farm,
renting.
mflfos, A compendium, epitome.
i^y mnajfal, Postponed, deferred to a
certain time.
^^y wil/i^, Painful (blow, etc.).
*^^y fnawfud (pi. cutjy^^). Pound.
Present, existing, standing before.
LZj\t}^y9 mawfuddt, Creatures, ex-
istences, beings. Things present.
mutcahhid, part Professing that
there is one (God). A unitarian, a Muham-
medan.
^Jiu>-y muhish, Dismal, causing sad-
ness, afflicting. Ui Jjj ^^^i>-yblt Ji
27
jy
(418)
u^y*
But I was not aware when there alighted
among lu the terminator of delights, the
separator of companions, the desolator of
alM)de8, the ravager of inhabited mansions,
and the destroyer of the great and the small,
and the infants, children, and mothers.
J^^ mawhil, Thin clay; or a place
full of it. [seized.
J^^ mu-akhkhasLf Taken, snatched,
js>-y* mu-akhkhar (fern, ir^j^), Poste-
rior, conseqaent.
c^ Jj/t mu-addib, part. Chastising, chid-
ing. Teaching the belles lettres, educating
well. An instructor, teacher, preceptor. In-
yiting to an entertainment. JU >xi^
JjJu2i L- iw.^ si^ <— >Jv»H CJ,J ^^Sj^\
the wise man hath said. The beating inflicted
by the preceptor is at first eitremely grierous :
bnt in the end it is sweeter than clarifiea
honey.
c^j^ mU'Oddahf part. pass. Well-bred,
le^umed, polite, ciril, modest, courteous.
»Jy niawadiat, Eriendship, love, be-
nevolence. A friendly and affectionate at-
tachment.
c^Jy« matodu^, Leftin charge, entrusted.
k^^y mutpoddl, That which causes,
brings about.
^Jj^ mu-auin, part. The public crier,
who assembles the people to prayers by pro-
clamation from a minaret or tower of a mosque.
i^*^y tnutl, Noxious, troublesome, im-
portunate, vexatious, hurtful, pernicious.
C^^ miiris, part. Making a person an
heir. A cause.
fJ^ mu-omM, An historian, a chrono-
logist, chronicler. Mu-arrakh, Dated, bearing
the date. \^jy mu'-arrakhan, ad.
Bearing the date.
tHjy nuHvrid, A place whence one comes,
or through which he passes. Access, entrance,
passage, approach. A station, quarters. A
road to water.
f^jy muwarramf Swollen.
ktJ^jy matcrui, Hereditary, possessed
by paternal succession, i^jjy^ J^y
Hereditary wealth, patrimony.
t^jjy mawrai, Belated, recited, re-
counted, [fruit.
jy mmo%j mug, The banana or plantain
fjy tnuwaxU^ part. act. A divider,
distributor. Muwaua^f part pass. Dirided.
UX)y* f'^^'^^^^f Weighed.
ir*y fnHif A razor.
^y muaikh, part. Soiling, 'f^y m^*
woitakh^ Dirtied.
^^»t^y mu-asM, A founder.
^jM^y mthoasat, Founded.
dt^y mawsim, Time, season. Mutim,
An Arabian fair or market [dous.
{jMyy muwaawaSf Mfstrustful, suspi-
(^yy mawium^ Harked, signed, im-
pressed.
ijyy i^fi<at(7f. Mosaic, belonging to
Moses, j^ ^\ y^yt Musa, Ibn-
NoBseyr, a famous Arab conqueror, who, in
707, was nominated eovemor of Mauritania,
and who quickly reauced the whole of the
tribes inhaoiting the northern shores of Africa.
In 710 he landed in Spain with a small army,
and, after some successes, returned to Africa
laden with spoil. In the following year he
despatched his subordinate, Tarik, into Spain.
The latter defeated and killed Roderick, the
Grothic king, and pushed his victorious arms
as far as the rich city 'of Toledo, which he
plundered. Musa, unwilling to allow so much
glory and wealth to fall to the share of his
lieutenant, put himself at the head of 18,000
men, with whom he landed at Algesiras, in
712. He rapidly reduced Seville, Beja, Merida,
and marched upon Toledo, where he met Tarik,
whom he caused to be beaten and thrown into
prison. Tarik was, however, subsequently
restored to his command by the Caliph Al-
Walid; whereupon he overran Spain in an
easterly direction. Musa, on the other hand,
pursued a northerly course, and took Salamanca
and other considerable cities. The two Arab
generals quickly reduced the whole of Spain,
and were summoned to Syria by the Caliph
Al-Walid. Tarik obeyed instantly; but it
was not until a second messenger had been
despatched to Musa that he turned eastward.
He arrived in Syria at the beginning of 7 Id,
accompanied by thousands of captives, among
whom were four hundred of the Spanish
nobility, and with a long train of camels laden
with spoiL The Caliph received him coldly ;
and upon his death shortly afterwards, Suley-
man, his successor, cast Musa i&to prison, and
fined him 200,000 pieces of pold. One of his
sons was also put to deato, and his head
brought to Musa by Suleyman himself, who
i>»r«
(419)
isked iiim if he knew it Upon which the
aflieted jHrent replied, *^Cmod he he who
htt iluo a better man thin himeelt" Kosa
diediDpofertf, 717; b. 640.
j'i^y mMidr, A kind of musical in-
ABBol^ t Pudean pipe ; a fahnloae rfmfii^l
bird; Buse; e mnsieun.
^.iM mWioA, Mosic as a science.
(^^ wmathihah (fcm. isAy^), part,
Wsro^ anjthiBg, e^eciaUy ohUqnely, as a
xaf ra the shoolder to the opposite side.
JrfM K&nl, A carrier, bearer. CL^^
iid I meditated i^n some means of eaining
flitnsee ioto it The dose of the day rad
t^ NttiBj of the sun had now drawn near.
i^M JfiiM/, Hie name of a city of
isiadcTorkey, paahalic of Bagdad, situated
atbe W. bsnk of the Tigris, opposite to the
^ vboe Xinereh, the capital of the first
^^jna empire, was si^iposed to have stood.
hf. estimated at 35»000, of whom about 9000
m nuisdaoi, 1500 Jews, and the rest Arabs,
^b, and Kurds. The city is so near the
^ of the riTer, that its streets are often
uoddd; aid, like almost erery other town in
Tsrkej aad Penia^ it is in a declining state,
ttvalla beini^ broken down, and its best
oimap cnunbling into ruins. It has seven
P^\ >nd the castle, now in ruins, occupies
tSBiQ aitifietal island in the Tigris. Mosul
s ada the separate jurisdiction of a pasha.
It&nneri^ had a large caroyan trade with all
^ of Asia, but has lost much of its com-
setial importance ; it still, howerer, carries
« 1 tnfliB| trade with Bagdad and Asia
*^, to the former of which it sends, on
p^ down the Tigris, gall-nnts and copper
^ KiBdistan and Annenia, receiring in
''^ Indiao Gommoditiee, afterwards for-
»«M to Diafbekir, Orfa, Tokat and Aleppo.
Iti oaly Bsnnfactnre is that of coarse blue
w^ ctethi, used by the lower orders of the
J^<^>tioQ. The climate is proTerbiallyh^thy,
|w^&Ter^ temperature of summer not ex-
*Jag 6<r Pahr. ; but in spring, during the
•Bodi of the Tigris, epidemics are common,
^h not often fatal. Sereral sulphur
^^ tre found within a short distance of
Be tows, tad are mnoh resorted to for the
^cff cotaaeoas diseases. The geological
*^jon of its immediate ricinity consists,
'*(^n% to Ainsworth, of solid beds of mas-
**t compact and granular calcareous gypsum,
■^ ia hcmzontal strata, not foasOiferous,
»* buush-white colour, and eztensiyely qnar-
ned as marble. Superimposed on the gypsum
" » Uiitt formation of a friable limestone,
[^(uog ifl ahells, and forming the common
Jading itoDs of Mosnl, as it probably also
'f'^*^ that of the ancient Kinefeh.
cr'
mawiUff Praised, celebrated,
commendable, laudable, endowed, qualified,
described. [Attained, collected.
J^yt mawsUl, Joined, coupled, arrived.
^j^y muwasal, part. Making a testa-
ment, bequeathing. A testator. ^<^^
muwaua\ Commanded by last will. ^
-f^y mUdih, part. Explaining, mani-
festing.
^yt mutMddah, Clear, evident, explicit,
^li^ fliaur<20^, A place, position. ^^
Uff jU ^^Jx- Ujj Uf^, The King then
went forth to chase and hunt; and ordered
his two sons to sit in his place to administer
justice, each of them for one day at a time,
according to their custom.
^j^y mawdii^ (fern, loyay), Placed,
situated, deposited. The subject (of a speech),
an object. Aji\ f ^^, The object
of science. * ^
U?^ mawtd and ^Joy*, A footstep, the
print of a foot A footstool.
^y fnawtin, A habitation, mansion,
place of residence, house.
f,mJ^y muwaua/f Salaried, paid, pen-
sioned, [place of a promise.
S£y^ tnaw^, A promise ; the time or
^U&e^ maw^izai, An advice, admonition.
Jyt^ maw^, Premised, predicted,
predestined.
jiy tmmaffar, Luxuriant, plentiful,
redundant, impossible to be collected. Abun-
dant, copious. [ing, seconding.
(J^y muwaffik, part. Directing, prosper-
j^^ maw/Ur, Complete, perfect, entire,
Inzuriant copious, full, numerous, many,
abundant, plentiful.
Liy mawfiyat, The city of Medina.
^^z^y muwakkat, Fixed or restricted to
a oertain definite time. Muwakkit, A person
in the Muhammadan mosques, who obserres
the exact hour when the people are to be
assembled to prayers, and gires notioe accord-
^ ingly to the crier. L™"Jyf prorisional.
Ii5^ muwakhatanf Ad interim, tem'^
J>^
(420)
ur*
diy maufkad, A fire hearth, a grate.
yy muwakkaTf Honoured, held in honour.
Stately, grave.
^y« tnawka^f An accident, contingency,
oocuTFenoe. A place where anything falls.
Jyy« mawkud, Lighted, set fire to,
burning.
cJyi^ tnawknf, Left or bequeathed for
pious HBee, conflecrated to God. A legncy, a
beqaest EttaUiBhed, determined, fixod, sup-
ported. BeloDflinff or restricted to, dependent
npoH. Belayed, cfoferred, pat off, suspended.
**^y HMwhdb (pi. L^\y\ An army,
forces, a large detachment, either of horse or
foot ; life-guai^ ; a large oayalcade, riding
especially on camels.
S^y mu^kkid, part.Gonfirming, strength-
ening, binding close, connecting. Redoubling,
reiterating. Mu-akkad, Confirmed, corrobo-
hited ; recUmbled ; efficacious, ponrerftd, strong.
^^y mwcdkkU, part. One who appoints
a gnardian. One wbo gites commission to
anotber to represent bim, to act as bis attorney
publicly and phTately. Mmwakkal, A giiar-
dian, a oonumssary, a superintendent, a vice-
gerent, a sabstitate. A deputy.
iy mawid, for ijy, A judge, the
magistrate of a large city. A lord ; and some-
times Omnipotence. ^ILLJ^ \jiy
nunolana m Sultan, Oar Lord the Sultan.
\jl
htaaraU mmoldnd, His
Holiness our Lord. ^^^) ' ui *^^ J^
j'elal eddm errumt, The founder of the order
of Mawlawi dervisbes.
*Jy MoUJth or yl^^y Mohh^ A god of
tbe Ammonites and Pbcenicians. Some sup-
pose him to be Saturn, or the Sun.
d^y mawltdf Nativity. A native country.
^^yi\ jJ^l al rnawUd unnabawl, The
birthday of the prophet Muhammed with Mus-
sulman.
ciy muwaUid, A generator. UStjJ^
tnuwallidul-md, Hydrogen. o^y
^yj^\ fnuwaUidul-hum^dah, Oxygen.
^y mUla^f Wishful, desirous, fond of,
dedicated or addicted to, greedy. Ui
jlai l|^ ^y ^\ J-* IfCOJ Jyj
when the Kinff heard the words of her brother
his reason flea in consequence of his fear ]»
the damsel should accept the prononl of b€
brother, and he could not preyent beri tlwogi
he was inflamed with lore of her ; whenfi
he became perplexed, in violent fesr of
separation.
K^y mikUfj Bendering &miliar, accni
toming, using, associating. Funiliarii«j
(^jJ^ mu-4dUf, part. Making the nd
ber of 1000, having completed ^hat nnmb^
g two thin^ together.
. Oomposing
editor.
Joining two thin^ together,
gether. Oomposing a oook*
CoUectiiur t^
An antboir, \
w
z:M^y mU'oUafoLt, GompositiooB, wrij
jiy mu-^ulm, Melanoholyy makiog saJ
Mmiitm or mm-uhmy Afflieted, distressed.
*^jiy nuuolud, Bom, generated, gir^
birth to. A kingdom in nature,— miiKr^
vegetahle, or animal, id J|^^ "^
ludon~kh. To whom a child is bom; %im
s
\^ i^yy matDlddan lehd^ A mother.
L^iy mawiawl, Judicial, belonging <
a judge or magistrate. Divine, religious, ^
longing to Gt^ A dervise, a Mnhamsu^
monk. Pertaining to the religions or^
founded by Molla Jelaluddin ErrumL
^y mawU^f God. A king, prm«j
sovereign, lord, master, judge, niagisw*^
one who liberates.
J^y mu-rnnmU, Hoping, giving bopej
^^y mH-min, part. Believing, £uthfij
^^^^^yi\j^\, The Commander of tl
FaithfhL [Above me&do«
Sj\
i/rr
mUma* ilayeh, Assented t
\yy mUmiyaf A mummy.
djy mU'tuit, Provisions. ^^^jj\ J**'
UU \i^y UjCiA ^^^ ^ ^tM
l^Jdcr;^, So the Weezer agreed wj
his wife that he should build there an i
pregnable palace, and place her in it, afid |
with her the provisions necessary for hw tI
after year, and place with her aoeh attends
as should cheer and serve her.
(421)
it
\y% mr-ONMi^Femiiime (in grammar).
^y% mtHmna$, Feminine, effeminate.
^^ MiiJNf, A oompanioD, an intimate
fnad.
CJ^ Mumiigif A city in If eoopotamia.
^^1, Name of one near Thebes in
J«l« iNi-a/^ J^>^ flNM-MMTtZ, part.
Binpag btek, de^rLig to retam (to a former
satiGi). Bfffaring to first principles. Ex-
Pfcaip;, inteipwtingy dedaoniig. Institiiting,
^y aiiU(| A giver, one who makes
^mvikihy The giver of every gift (God).
Sy iMwilaM(pL i^^.J^1ye)j A present.
M^^ sMNrAa^y GKven, j^esented.
1*^;^ miAk&m, Imaginedi fanded,
^ niHiyii, part. CSonfirming, in-
ffMBbig in itrength, oorroborathig.
If ■*!«, Wild cows. Jj«!*^cu.cu5l< J
u-aAJI J^ ui^l \i\^ • ^U^
U^Ul JLl * ULU\j^\, When she
Inbdi apdt, iha pntteth to shnme the wild
ton ted the gtse^ee ; and when she walketh
^ a TariHuSng eaity tiie willow branch is
^tnm. When rae dispUyeth her ooimt»-
>u«e, ihe oonfouiidetii ^e sun and the moon,
iBd e^TateHi erery beholder. She is sweeft-
iifpsd, ttd tender in disposition.
M<f« *Mto^ Awfnl, roYered (man).
^V* maksitft^ BeTerenoe,. fear, dread.
JW «uS>\, li^l, liU Cl<le\ (Ji
?in
,^^c;
»
L.|1 Ul-Jj l^ ^Vt^ ^
jnriuAfor my beloTed; bni when I beheld
ouB I WIS eonfonnded, and possessed neither
I^Bfoeiior eye. I hnng down my head in
vntm sad RTsreooe, a^ wonld have hidden
v^Ittt; hat it imSA oot be oono^ed.
I had prepared a Tolnme of expostnlatioD ;
but when we met I remembered not a word.
^If^ fmihdjir, A fngitiTe, one who
abandons lus ooimtry, especially on account of
public calamity or persecntion. ^
mmXe^araij Desertion, flighty fljing from
oonntry to eonntry.
5\j\^ muhdddt, Regaling one another,
giving mutual presents. Jj>«fl7 mj
^J-*^ trf-^ ^^^^ gc^'j ^-^j^
*Lil5 ...l^ U T^-Mi^, Then he be-
stowed alms and nfts, and made presents to
all his fiunilT and friends. He began to eat
and drii^ well, and wear handsome apiMurel,
and associated with friendi and companions,
and forgot all that he bad enffered.
ij jlf« fnuh&datHii, A truce, peace. Makiog
a peace or a cessation of arms.
jlf« mihdr (and ij^), Horse colts.
ij\^ muhdrat, Subtlety, acuteness, ge«
nins, excellence.
ui3lf« mahdlik (pL of i^Cif«), Banger-
ons places, perils, precipices, deserts.
i*tf« mah&m (pi. of 44f«), Serious affauns.
K.4jM'<T^^ (^W^l^i ^^® ^^9 however,
receired not his adrioe, and he retomed him
a ro^gh answer, saying to him, Thon hsst no
right to speak on mattersof soeh great magni-
tiSie, and aflEairs of fucfa immense importance.
v_-.|-f mahab, A breathing hole, a vent.
A place whence or whither the wind blow^.
_ss\f« muMqfl, part Reproaching, rail-
" ing at, or satirising one another.
v^JOf^ muhtaH, Directed, conducted,
led (into the way of salvation). One who is
gilided on the road.
Aif« muMm, Solicitous, anxious, being
* concerned (for another). BoTolying (anything
great) in the mind.
iLfif* mtshfiUf life, soul, spirit. Blood,
especially from the heart
jysX^ wahfikry Separated, cut off, left,
$^bandoned,rejected9 repudiated. ^^J^
Jir*
(422)
r^
]^\j ^J\\ ^ •y.,j; J^jSlj ^^j
JI^J ly-^*^ ^^ *sr* ur**^'
If your promise of mi actoal interriew be
fiilse, grant the loTer a Tint in ileep. Bnt
how, they replied, can the phantom present it-
self to the eye of a person from whom sleep
is banished ?
«Xf« mahd (pi. t}^), A cradle, a couch
*\f^\ ^, From the cradle. _am^ Jf«
mahd ^sa*, The Cradle of Jesus. Orien-
tal tradition tells us that the Cradle of Jesus
is kept in a place called iyij^ arrah-
wah, on the decliyity of the mountain situated
on the entrance of the western plain of
Damascus, where the waters are dirided into
many streams.
«3hp« fnuhadda,MAyijo6, amend (in prayer).
/•jO^ mahdum, Destroyed, levelled with
the ground, i^Ull (V*^ Totally
ruined. {cated.
4^jf« muhda\ Offered, presented, dedi-
^ tnahrf A marriage portion. A dower
given by the husband to his wife on tiieir
betrothal. It is of two kinds : one paid down,
and called Jjc**^^ muhr mu^qjljal;
the other, deferred till their separation by his
death or by divorce, is called J^^^;f«
muhr muajjal,
j^ mccAr, A horse colt
^j^ or J^J^\ ijij>-jaArat td mihr&j,
thesameas^ «M« 5j>-JMlratiarirahf
Supposed to be the Island of Borneo, which
was discoTered by the Portuguese in 1621,
and which is divided into several districts,
governed by independent sovereigns, who fre-
quently wage war with each other.
^l>-^ mihrijdn or mahrqfdn, The
autumnal equinox, the autumn. The An-
sariah cdewate with the greatest solemnity
the two Festivals of the Vernal and Autumnal
Equinox, which they assert were celebrated
from time immemorial, not only by the
ancient Persians, bnt alM> by almost all the
ancient nations of the earth who worshipped
and worship the Sun up to the present time
under different emblems. The festival of the
Mihrjan or Autumnal Equinox with the an-
cient Persians began on the 16th of Mihr,
the seventh month, and lasted for six days.
AH who could afford the purchase anointed
themselves then with the oil of ban, sprink-
led themselves with rose-water, and eat of
various fruits, from an idea that such obser-
vances would defend them from a number of
evils which might otherwise distress them in
the oourse of the year. The king, on the
first day of this festival, after anointing him-
self with the oil of bui, dressed in a superb
robe of manj colours, his head adorned with
the loyal ^adem, on whioh was a splendid
figure of the Sun, seated himself on his throne.
'&en the high priest, entering alone, with a
large silver disD, filled with sugar, peaches,
(quinces, apples, citrons, pomegranates, ihe
jujube, the lote, « bunch of white grapes, and
seven myrtle-berries, muttered over them a
prayer, and presented them to the king, who
ate of them all ; after which, the nobiU^ and
others, approaching according to their rank,
followed their sovereign's example, when a
variety of robes and other rich furniture, from
the royal wardrobes, were distributed amongst
them in proportion to their degree. On wis
day it was esteemed fortunate to wean or name
children ; and if a son was then bom to the
lung, he was immediately,wi1^ S*^^ solemnity,
consecrated high priest of the Bun.
^f«3^ muhr ddr, The keeper of the seals.
(jr^ muhii, Botten.
J^Jf« makiHl (fem. ^jjf«)> Emaciated
(especially with age).
>*ijf« makiUm, Boated, put to flight.
(ho^ miuhaddm^ Digestiug. Medicine
or anything similar promoting digestion.
Jif^ fnahal, Qnieti leisore, dday, calm
procedure, slow movement. A^ _Lc
^ala* mahalihi, Leisurely, by degrees.
)lf<« maMoHj Fair and softly.
JLif^ muMat, Delay, putting off, defer-
ring, retarding, disappointing expectation.
^^(-^ muhlak, A place of murder or
slaughter. Muhlik^ part. Destroying, killing,
leading to destruction. Fatal, dei^y, per-
nicious. ^Sl^ maMakat, maMiiat,
mahlukat (pi. (J^lf^), A dangerous
place, a desert (as (^0|^ nuMai).
^ muAuit (fem. ^Uf«), Great, import-
ant, necessary, urgent, emous. 4^«X^£
ijUU M^ j0^ ^tiult khahar muhum
iilffhayahf I .have very important news.
M^ j^ ^Li f»y^\ al yawm mafl
khahar muhum. There is not any important
news to-day.
Uf^ mahmd, As often as, so many times
as. Wherefore, how. After whioh manner.
J**
(423)
^J^\ Ubf«, In whatever it may be
possible, whenever it can, as often as possible.
JajI Jju7 U^ mahmd ta^al a/^al,
Whatever thon wilt do, I will do.
(JL^U^ muhimmdi (pi. fern, of j^^),
Necessary things, matters of iipportance, pro-
yisions, necessaries for a journey, etc.
<Ubf« muhimmat, An important affaiTi
abont which one grows anxious.
jLkf^ mihmdz (pi. J-^l|^), A spur.
(Jai^^ muhmilf part. ^Negligent, careless,
indolent, slothfnl. A letter without a diacritical
point; as J or J with respect to J or
J, the first being called ^Li^ J^J,
the other d-uK*^ Jlj. *\ijjy^ iu^\
dJuif^, His name was Timur, with
Ta haviDg Easrah, and two points above, and
Ya quiescent, with two points below, and Waw
gniescent, between Mim bearing Dammab, and
Ka without any points.
W^'i ^ fnahmUZf Alif \ Kamiated, i.e.
marked with Kamza (*), which, in printed
books, shows \ to be radical, jiot servile.
f^yA^mahmitm^ FoUof anxious thoughts.
Sad, sorrowful, vexed, anxious, disturbed.
returned to my house, sorrowful, and I fell
upon my bed, full of anxious thoughts. My
female slaves came in to me, and seated them-
selves around me, not knowing what was the
matter with me.
<Uf<« mahanatf Skilfulness in doing any-
thing (especially adroitne& as a servant).
Mahnity Serving. Service.
^^MfJkitf^ muhandis, A geometrician, a
miner, a maker of subterranean aqueducts.
^^^ tnuhannl, One who congratulates
others.
J^f^ muhatowU, Terrific, horrible.
4^^ tnahwa*, A space between two
mountains, or anything similar.
U^ muhayydj Disposed in order, pre-
pared, arranged, ready. [grave, revered.
muhlh, Formidable, awful, severe.
^j.4;^ muhaymin, (Ood) protecting, de*
fending. An evidence. Muhayman^ Safe,
secure, protected. ^Jx 1\ ^^A^^t The
Most High God, Omnipotence.
^j^i^ muAln, A despiser, contemner,
^^^ muhayyi. One who arranges or
prepares. See L^, Arranged.
^jL« fnayddin (pi. of ^j^ J^)» Fields,
plains. L^jj^ofii] i^ **^j c;^W^
AsSjJ L^\)j\^, And when the time of
afternoon prayers arrived, he rode with the
princes before him, until he came to the horse-
course, where he played with arms till the
time of night-falL, together with his father
and the lords of his empire.
2fL^ miydh (pi. of l^). Waters.
ifj^>*^ mlhara, A needle -case.
L:;.'wt may ^, Dead. A dead body. ^kj:^\j^
CSLdj^ *^ CSJloj ^jS^ ^^1
And she said, By means of my enchantment,
be thou converted half into stone, and half
into the substance of man. Whereupon I be-
came, as thou seest, unable to move, neither
dead nor alive. ^ji^^^H ,sssr hahr al
mayyitf Dead Sea, or Lake Asnhaltites, that is,
the *< Lake of Bitumen,*' a laxe of Palestine,
about 20 miles from Jerusalem at its N. point
Exi, About 36 miles long, with an average
breadth of from 10 to 12. Five cities, in-
cluding Sodom and Oomorrah, situate on this
spot, were, according to Scripture, all swal-
lowed up, to satisfy £vine vengeance for their
iniqui^. The neighbourhocM of the lake
abounos with volcanic products. It receives
the river Jordan on its M. side, and it has
been affirmed that no animal has been found
in it The Atelepiat gigantea (the apple of
Sodom) grows on its W. coast; and, though
inviting to the eye, the fruit crumbles into
dust in the hand. The depth of the lake is
about 220 fathoms, and its surface is upwards
of 1300 feet below that of the Mediterranean
Sea. Its centre is in laU ZV 30' N. ; Urn. 35^
BO'S.
(424)
1L«
maiftat, Gairion. Haytatf Bead
rwoman). MtUU^ Death; the maBBer of
aying.
^l2L^ m\M&h^ A promiBe^ agreement,
bargain, oompaot, confederacy, alliance, leagne.
A testament. Jf ^V^J '^ Agreements,
articlee and conditions (of peace).
^1ju.« may dan (pi. ijn^jL^), An open
field, an extensive plain. ^\ ^rj (^
jJUi\^j^i\f After which he returned
to the palace, with all the people before him.
And every day he used to liae to the horse-
oourM ; and when he retomed, he aat to judge
the people, and administered jnitice between
the prince and the poor man.
^«3u^ maytanat and ^jtt, See ^U^
and hu%yOf A turret; a high place, a*
minaretor toweron theMohammadan moeqaes,
whence the crier sommons the people to prayer.
C^t^^ tnlrdt, Heritage, snccession, pa-
trimony.
i^Jja^ ntlfi, Belonging to a prince. The
royal treasury. iJ/s^^ J^i ^^® royal
rcTenoe. [drain.
c^U«^ muab, A canal, aqueduct, spout,
^U«^ mlzdn (pi. ^^j^}^)f A balance.
A pair of aoalee. The odettial sign libra.
Mearare, metre, rhyme, totm, pneody.
U^js^^ ^U, The tongue of the
balance. ^^ji^\ ^j^^t The eye of
the balance ; *'.#. The.penendioolar ban be-
tween which the tongne nbratet.
jij^ mfsar, A girdle, an apron.
j^M^ muyauir, part. act. One who renders
eyery thing easy. (God. ) See ji»^*
Muyauar, part. paas. Facilitated, rendered
easy, favourable, happy. lJ^ ^^
j**^\ It is Qod that enables us to do
everything with fuality $ may God render it
easy! »
J,««Mb« maifiorai, Opulence, prosperity,
u^, To the right and left.
jy"^ n^i^r, Facilitated, made easj
proaperooi, going on moeeaAdly.
A^MA^ «MiytAam, Unfortunate, perren
disagreeable, execrable.
jIju^ Ml^dJ, The place or time of
promise, jliu^elt ajj, The day
promise. The resurrection. f^,y^
^j'^.j
• -•
1
is the senrant who is mindfol of his sin, W
fean his lord, who acts rightly and does gw
and who prepazee his provisioa for the (^
of judgment
may^, Storax, staete.
u« wOh&tf A stated time; a pU
appointed for a certain tine or actk
^iJl CL^U^, The place where ti
pilgrims assemble, and from which tiiey pr
eera to perform the solemnitieB at the tesp
of Mecca.
^^^L^ mayhm (fern. <faig><)» One wl
belienes ereiything he hears.
)o^u>^ mayhOM^ Wakened, roused.
J^ mayl, Inclination, affection, Iot
benevolence, a^ J^l^ i^1\ ^
*-^=--^j r^'-^ ^^^^ ^ ^
M\aJd\ ^;«M>- ^^i/t , I have relinquish^
mistresses and wine, and turned away fn
proflijncy and infatuation, and oonmitted
my affairs to my Qod. I have bidden a fit
fiuewell to my errors, and dsToted myself
gain reward firom my Lord, reqoflrting him
grant me a good eaiL
J^ mil (pi. J V*l amyd/), A mile (uai
generally fbr an English or Italian mi
inovgh often for a German ndle or Yrti
leagne). A milestone or diractioB«poet.
surra's probe or tent. An inatniinent
anomting the eye with coUyriom.
SL^ mlldd, Nativity, birth, f^ «>1
,^Um.«JI mlldd yoiH^ al maslk, T
Nativity, the birth of Jesus Chri
^SL^ mllddiyahf The year reckon
from the Nativity.
>li
(435)
jU
riiMOflii, fficBOD, regnd, nfpect*
<u«<« wiywia^y The right aide or hand,
^9 iM^wfiiiy Portanate, l^appji pro-
ipcnw, aonvt, aanidoiM. A baboon, ape,
makej, Ibi-El- Wanti girea the following
mnst of the laland of Apes : — ^Among the
aiadsof tile Sea of China ia the Island of
Apo. hii large; and in it are manhjforesta,
ad BOMroiu umbl And theee apes have a
^ tkst, to wDom thcj aabmit taemselTes :
ti^anjhim npon thev shonlden and their
»! an he go%enieth the ialand ao that
» m oppnsMih anoi^. Thoae, howerer,
rtdone to them in diipa, ^tuj torture with
lad lecatehin^ and atoning; bat the
flf the two islandi of Shartan and
enploj stratagems against them, and
let then, sad sell uem for a high price.
^ peopie of £1-Temen desire them mnch,
■i^t tei as goarda for their shops, like
fl^: and tfaej an endowed with extreme
*?• «*•* (pL ^;^)y A port, haven,
kbnr, IB ladionng ground for shipa. Mina
■ fte aoe as marina^ which the Franka of
wEntgiTein gsBoal to anchoring grounds
MM M)r-fi#y Besperate. Anything
■^lindoC A desperate nan*
i^ My«)rlM (dimixu of ^^y), Al-
' BMeotna of anything. [hnndied.
Send'tfi, A hnndred. ^js^SU, Two
t
%J
^ The twenty-fifth letter of the
JB^ alphabet In arithmetic it expresses
ft; nd m ahnaaafcs it denotes the oonjnnet
i^ofthestsxsL
. 'ii (vhea aiBzed to nomu is the pos-
I ^nt proaoan), Onr, oars; (when annexed
'^ w^Rbi it is the penmial pronoon), as, to as.
%/i «di, A canine tooth, a tnek.
W' «dW (fern. ijU), Growing, ger-
Wk fldMlyii^ Fecondity, fertility of
' Mi; the fiwolty of prodneiag frait* corn,
j^ T» the adfantages of its climate^ which
lymw e^ojmenta by their soeceasion,
Ala adds another, — that of multiplying them
*!f the variety of its prodnctions. Were
jj^WttMtsd b^ art, those of the most dis-
■tteoDtriei mwkt be prodneed within the
^ttc of a few nibs. Bran at present we are
*>(«uM St the Taiiet7 thia caaatry jsObrds.
^j^\j
Besides wheati rre, beans, and the cotton-
plant, which is eiutiTated cTerywhere, we find
a mnltitode of osefol and agreeable produc-
tions appropriated to diiferent situations.
Syria abounos \p. sesamum and dura as good
as that of Egypt ; maize thriyes in the fight
soil of the plain of Antioeh, and even rice was
cultirated with success on the borders of the
marshy country of the Hula ; sugar-canes can
be planted eyerywhere; indigo will grow on
tiie banks of the Orontes ; the hill-sides of the
mountains produee tobacco of the best quality;
oliTO-trees grow ererywhere, to the height of
the beech ; the wlute mulberry-tree constitutes
the wealth of the countries of the Dmzes,
Maronites, Mutwalis, Ansaris, etc., bj the
beautifnl silk produced on it. As for nruitB,
Syria produces all kinds, of the best quality.
0^\j ndbih, A barker.
^\j ndhi^, Bunting oat, overflowing
(as a well or a riTulet).
ik>\j n&highaif A man of magnificence or
of high rank. Name of a poet.
jU N&hhu (a oormption of Neapolia
or new town), The Shechem of the Old Testa-
ment, and the Sychar of the New, one of tiie
oldest cities of Palestine, and once the capital
of Samaria. It is beautifully situated in a
narrow yalley, between Mount Ebal and
Mount Gerizim, having the former on the
north and tiie latter on &e south. These hills
are of equal height, about six hnndred feet,
and neither of them cultirated ; but Oeririm
has the most pleasing appearance.
(^jLU NdhlUi, The ancient Keapolis.
(j*i^\j SL JBldd Jfrahlm, The oonnlay
of N&blOs. The aneient kingdom of Samaria.
rl) ndjihf ProBperona, Buooeeafolf
^^s^U ndjl (fern. ^^U), Escaping,
^5;^Q1 anndhirdn and ^iTp-Qt, Two
nerrea or yeina in the throat or jawi. Two of
the short riba.
^^>-l3 ndhi, Inclining, tending towards.
!L^\i ndhiyat, A ooontrj, territory, dis-
"trict ; a tract, coast, shore. [&ithfiiL
joJ^\ J^U ndihM iMdar^ Sincere,
^jU nlMr^ Singular, rare, nncommon,
excellent, predooa. ^^m^^^jU, Of
uncommon beauty. fy^^^<i>U, Hap-
pening rarely. irL&jJu, Nadir-Shah,
called also Tamasp Kouli Ipiaa. King of
Persia, and a fiunous conqueror. He was son
of a maker of sheepskin ooate, who belong
to the tribe of Afishar, a Turkish tribe, which
had attached itself to the King of Pew
tf'
oU
(426)
•U
Nadir, after be liad become great, waa fond of
alluding to bia mean origin ; and wben one of
bis loni, wbo was about to marry a princess
of tbe royal family of Delbi, waa requested
to name bis ancestors for seven generations,
Nadir replied, ** Tell tbem tbai be is the son
of Nadir Sbab, tbe son of tbe sword, tbe
erandson of tbe sword, and so on, till tbej
naTe a descent of seyentj instead of seren
generations." From bis earliest youtb be
displaced ereat courage and boldness. At tbe
age or 1 7 be was taken prisoner by tbe Usbegs
in one of tbeir annual incursions into Eboras-
san. After a captinty of four years be effected
bis escape, returned to bis natire country, and
subsequently entered tbe serrice of tbe goTemor
of Eborassan, wbo appointed bim to command
an army sent against tbe Tartars. Nadir
ffained a complete yictory witb an inferior
force, and took tbe Tartar general prisoner.
Tbe goTemor at first treated bim with great
distinction ; but becoming jealous of bis as-
piring spirit, be refused him a grade in the
army he bad promised bim, and wben Nadir
complained of this breach of faith, be caused
bim to be bastinadoed. Exasperated at this
dishonourable treatment, be became the leader
of a band of robbers. Witb this troop be
rose to great power. In 1727 be joined
Tamasp, son of the monarch of Persia, wbo
bad been pushed from tbe throne by tbe
Affghan conquerors of Persia. His first act
wm to kill Futteb Ali, tbe commander of tbe
Penian fonea; after which he took the
supreme command. In the same year be
drove tbe Affghans out of lffi»hed. After
aeyeral great yictories he took IsnUiao, and
put to death Ashraff, the Affghan icing. He
next took the name of Tamasp Kouli, or *' the
slaTC of Tamasp," and was also ennobled with
the title of Khan. He was likewise granted
tbe four finest provinces of tbe kingdom. But
this did not satisfy his ambitious nature, and
upon the first opportunity^ be deposed Tamasp,
wnose son, an infant eight months old, he
proclaimed king, at tbe same time constituting
tumself regent. In 1736 he gained tbe battle
of £ri?an, in which tbe Turks lost 60,000
men. Tbe infant monarch died in tbe same
year ; upon which Nadir called a great council
of tbe kingdom, at which more, than a hun-
dred thousand persons are said to bare attended,
1^ whom he was acknowledged king. Witb
the yiew of destroying tbe Affghans as an in-
dependent power, be inyaded tbe province of
Candabar, and in 1738 tbe city of that name
fell into his power. In the following year he
marched into Hindostan, and after defeating
tbe Mogul troops, entered Delhi, where he
acquired immense riches. After his return to
Persia, he turned bis arms against tbe King of
Bokhara, wbo was compelled to submit. Nadir
next marched along both banks of the Oxus,
as far as the Caspian, which territory be oon-
2uered, and put its monarch to deatii in 1740.
le bad thus secured peace for Persia, whose
dominions were extended in eyery direction.
But his last years were characterized by cruel
tyranny, which excited uniyeisal hatred against
bim, and at length a oon^iracy of some of the
highest officers of his court was formed, and
be was asBsssinated in 1747. b. at tbe yillage
of Abuyer, Kborassan, 1688.
ijC\j nddirat or nddirah. An imcommon
thing, a rarity, a curiosity. An incomparable
man, tbe phoBuix of the age, rara aris. Strange,
uncommon, obsolete (speech). An unexpected
accident, anything that surprises.
f^C^J nddim, A' penitent; repenting.
4^j\j nail, A place where one is.
j\j ndr. Fire. j\j v^^j^ fnarhab ndr,
A steam-boal — ^Tbe ancient Chaldeans paid
diyine adoration to fire, as did also the Per-
sians and some other Oriental nations. God
bath often appeared in fire and encompassed
with this element, as wben He showed Him-
self in the burning bush, and descended on
Mount Sinai in the midst of fiames, thunder,
and lightning (Exod. iii 2 ; xix. 18). Fire is
also a symbol of tbe Deity (Deui iy. 24). In
this awful manner He showed Himsdf to
Isaiah (Is. yi. 4), and to Ezekiel (Esek. i. 4).
Tbe Pralmist describes tbe chariot of God as
composed of flames (Ps. xyiii. 12 — 14). And
the second coming of Christ is represented as
in tbe midst of consuming fire (2 Thess. i. 8 ;
see also Dan. yii. 10). The wrath of God is
compared to fire (Ps. xyiii. 8) ; and so are
those effecte of His displeasure— famine, war,
and pestilence fPs. Ixyi. 12 ; Jer. xlyiii). To
this element Christ is compared (Msl. iii 2),
referring to His jud^ent upon the wicked,
wbo are eonanmed like the dross of metals ;
and the effects of His gfaoe refiniqg the right-
eous like pure gold. Tbe infiuenoea of tiia
Holy Ghost are also compared to fire (Mai.
iii. II), in reference to tbe tongues or flamea
of fire that rested on the beads of the Apostlea
(Acts ii. 3), and to the work of regeneratioii
on tbe human soul — ^illuminating, quickening,
purifying, and inflaming witb gratitude, loye,
and zeal. Tbe angels of God are represented
under the emblem of fire (Ps. dr. 4) ; and a
column of flame directed the marches of the
Israelitisb camp during tbe night seasons in
the wilderness (Kxod. xiii. 21). Fire andently
fell from beayen to consume tbe yictims sacnT-
ficed to the Lord, and this was an indication
of His regard and approbation : and this ia
thought to be tbe manner in which JeboTali
si^med bis acceptance of Abel's sacrifice.
Fire also fell upon tbe offerings made by
Moses (Ley. ix. 24], on those of Maaoah
(Judges xiii. 19, 20), on Solomon's (2 Chron.
. yii. 1), and on Elijah's (I Kings xyiii. 38).
The. fire which descendea from beayen, first
upon the altar constructed by Moses in the
tabernacle, and again on that erected by Solo-
mon at its consecration, was constantly fed and
presenred by tbe priests, and of course it was
regarded as celestial or hallowed fire, fiitst
kindled by tbe Lord himself, to instruct man-
kind that the origin of all spiritual good is
firom aboye, and that men are not to warm
^^\i
(427)
]i\i
thenuelTes with the tpoilu of their own kiii-
dling. ♦SSs^^Ul\c^^J^5J JJj!
* j*>-i; *\j!is^i\^ c^JlaJ^ ^ jUlj
fk (jiJi *US1 J}| ^J^ , Were it said
to me, while the flame is burning within me,
and the fire blazing in my heart and boweU,
wonldit thon rather that then shouldst be-
hold them, or a draught of pure water P I
would answer, Them !
^J^li ncirdin. Spikenard.
aL^jU ndtyWiA (S. T. used in Ar.), An
instmment for smoking Persian tobacco, in
which the smoke is drawn thraiigh water, and
so purified before it reaches the moatlL
^sfrj\j ndrinfi, Of an orange colour.
f^j\j ndri, Fiery, full of fire.
Lij\j ndriyat, The state, nature, or force
of fire. [a chapter in the Alcoran.
Oi^\x|U nHu^t, Stars. Bows. Name of
JjU ndwUf part. DescendiDg. Dismount-
ing,alighting. ^^J Ujli tlJA^^l U^
JiP ^P^ v/ ^ ^h lS;^' ^°d
onr fire is nerer extingmshed from the way-
farer by night ; nor do any of the guests who
oome to us find fiiult with us.
{jjo nds, Mankind. ^U^ c::-^|^
(jywUil ^ A4i^ar rdyitjamd^h ^oA-
mmh min annas, I saw a great assembly of
people.
iJciS JEnndioi, Mecca.
^\j ndsijf part. A composer. Making
an oration. A wearer.
v^U nd»ikh, part. Abolishing, obliterat-
ing, erasing, cancelling. A copier of a book.
A transformer.
<^CiU ndiikf DoToted to God or virtue.
LZfyJj ndiutf Human nature, humanity.
j^U ndiHr, A disease in the comer of
the eye ; also one in the gums, and another
in the podez, attended by a constant defluzion.
t\j fUM, Forgetting, forgetful.
^0 ndshtd, A story-teller who, to ob-
tain a few paras, relates a tale, or recites yerses
from some ancient poet.
jj^\j ndsMtf part. Dispersing, scattering,
diffusing, diyulging. Beyiying.
^U ndshl, part. (fem. ^«^l3), Grow-
ing, increasing, STowing up (bb a boy). Arising,
appearing, proimced, brougnt to light.
\j ndsih, part. Erecting, setting up,
fixing, planting, constituting.
^U nd$ih, part. A monitor, counsellor,
a sincere friend.
j0fi\j ndfir, A defender, an assistant.
(God) the giyer of victory. <0^U11
u^MMOftrtyaAyTheHoly Virgin. The Nasarene.
i^j^\j ndifi, A Nazarene. 4^/^^^ tX^
jfOMik^ anfuUrif Jesus of Nazareth.
if^UI Anndsrah, A village of Pales-
tine, fifty miles from Jerusalem. It stands
in a valley of the same name, celebrated as
the residenee of our Sayionr and his fiunily
durinff the fint thirty jears of his life. It
occupies part of a decfiyi^, and has a Latin
oonyent, witii a church said to be bmlt on the
site where took place the annunciation of the
adyent of Christ. i\^. 8000, of whom a
sixth are Turks.
^\j nddij) Eipe firuit.
J^\j ndtihf part. Butting with the horns
(as a ram).
jjb\j ndtur (pL^^'y ), The keeper of a
yineyard or palm garden. The senrant at a
bath.
Ljlb\j ndttf, A kind of treacle.
^;Ll} ndtikf part. Speaking. Perspicuous.
Bational (animal). (jWU^^, Dumb,
irrational. fj!b\j ^1^«^, A rational
animal (man). ^\jj^ u^^i^ ' ^
irrational man, a beast. ^UaI^U, The
faculty of speech. ^UitU L.^^.«>-t0 J>>'j
rqful tahA natiktjfoh, A man who speaks with
great fluency, with eloquence. \jJb
This secretary is a good writer, but he has not
the gift of eloquence.
Jo\j n&tir, A spectator, looker-on; an
obeeryer, director ; a minister of state.
lU^j \^\Jio\j na»irta khdfytyah, The
minister for foreign affairs. <u!U!1^U
fiostrW maliyah^ The minister of finance.
,li
(428)
u
fie\j ndiim, A oomposer, arranger, ad-
' jnster. A gOTemor, adniinistrator. A com-
poser of reneBj a poet.
^j*^\j nd^is, Sleepy, drowsy, lethargic.
^UuujI annd^kdn, Two stars in Orion.
mz\j n&^im, Soft, easy, convenient, gentle,
tender, delicate.
jy£\j nd^ur, A vein sparting oat blood,
not to be stopped, f;^^ nd^ura, A
mill, especially that which is turned by weight
of water, for raiang water from a liyer. The
Seatest naf^ura which exist are those of
ama, the ancient Epiphaneia. They are
immense wheels carrymg water from the
Orontes, turning en and emptring themselyes
into stone canals, snpportea oy lofty arches,
on a lerel with the upper parts of the town.
They measure seventy teet m diameter.
_£U nd^, The messenger of death.
^u ndjlkhf part. Blowing, inflating.
Si\j ndfii, part. Penetrating, passing,
getting through or executing (business), haying
effect, receiyed or obeyed eyerywhere (as a
royal edict). j^i\ ii\jj^\, A prinoe
whose commands all obey.
4£jjl3 ndjisiyah, Penetration, influence,
preponderance.
wib ndfi^, Salutary, wholesome, useful,
profitable, adyantageoos, awisting,
jJiilj ndJUah, Supererogatory prayers be-
yond the canonical fiy^. [Kogatiye.
(J;U nd/i, BepelUugi rejecting, repulsing.
44U ndk(U, A she-camel. JLjQ^, Certain
stars in the fonn of a cameL
^/ai\} ndkis (fern. JuoiU), Deficient,
imperfect, mutilatad. Defeotiye (verb).
JiffSt ^^\j, Defective in judgment,
silly, stupid.
Jjl3 ndkH, part. Transporting firom place
to place. A porter, a carrier. A reporter, a
relator. A copier.
^yU ndkus (pi. {j*ti^^y)f A bell.
ii\j ndkah (pi. d^Ul) ndkdt), A she-
cameL [hanging the head.
^^U ndkit, Mean, humbled, depressed,
^/*ty\j ndtnUB (pl.^^MM^Iy ), Beputation,
fiune, renown, esteem. Dignity. Law.
^^j%j>UH ^/MysU ndmuiul Ml^ah^ The
natural law.
SLiyJ\j ndmUiot, Moschetto, mosquito.
^Umi^U ndmiUfffi^, Bed curtains, ^^iiil
wtjbd annamtuityah tawib hatta* la fubka*
flha namua, Sha^e the bed curtains well, so
that no mosquito may remain.
^\j ndml, Growing, increasing ; what-
- eyer grows.
i^^fivU ndhib^ part. A plunderer.
j;jbl3 ndhikf part. Braying (as an ass),
neighing (as a horse). The place in the
throat which produces those sounds.
_JbU ndhlt part. Prohibiting, forbidding.
ijbU ndhiyai, An interdict, prohibition,
anything forbidden.
i^\j ndy, A reed, a pipe> a flute, a
flageolet, a fife, militazy instrument of music ;
a reed played upon by the deryises.
k«^U nd-ih (pi. <^\y natpwdh), A
deputy. A Ueutenant, yiceroy, yioegereni,
suhstitnte ; the deputy of a judge.
Lj\j ndribat (pi. i^^ly). An accident,
misfortune, r^ ^/^^^^ ^U^l ^J^^
(^Juj Ijlt^T ti^^i O thou whose
fEtyours to me have been many, and whose
gifts haye been more than can be numbered !
no misf<Mrtuue luui eyer yet befallen me but I
haye found titiee ready to aid nw in it
Ibs^\j ndyhatj Weeping, lamentii^. A
hired mourner. [acquiring.
JjU ndyU^ part. Arriving at, obtaining,
JU ndym (fem. ^U), part. Sleeping,
slumbering. J^ j^\ V WlLi^^ uA
C^ Ui (JU *i\ u:JUi • ^^\j\i\
l^^ dxai Uj ci^oJl ^j^. Bat
see, 0 my sister, whether thy son he asleep or
not. Shie therefore felt him, apd she found
that he bore the appearance of sleep, bo she
. said to me, He ii asleep; what, then, hast
thou to 9ay, and what i| tby dwirf ooncenung
hia sleeping P
C^L) ndbdtf A herb, a yegetaUe, grass.
cl^IjIJ (pL), Herbs, simples. S^
U;
(4S9)
sjuLj sukkar ndbat^ Sagar-eaody. Jx
cs-^lJlJf ^hnil nabdtdt, Botanj.
-.11} nabhdhy A barker.
JUJ ntbdl (pi. of Jfi^), Arrows. Jw
nabbai, One who haa or makes arrowa.
dU^Ui nahdhatf Being noble, renowned
(nobilitj).
^:u^ fki^^, Growing, germinating,8prout-
ing (aa herbage) ; Tegetatixigy bringing forth.
^ nahh, Barking. To bark. [mkUng.
« jyj nahaah, A small portion, a taste, an
^^mJ naiih, Discovering or digging np
what haa been buried (aa treaanre, a dead body,
etc.). [artery, the pulse.
nahd, Motion, the beating of an
iJ nabdat, One pulsation.
J nah^, A fountain, a spring of water.
J nabffh, Appearing, becoming mani-
fert, difnlging ; Bprinring up, bursting forth ;
S»ing out against. Secoming a go^ poet,
ough not naturally so.
fjj ndbaky The lot tree.
SjJ nahuwat, Prophecy. The quality
of being a prophet or Ood's messenger.
^j^ ndbmol (fern, ijy^ nabawiffoh),
Pertaining to a prophet. Prophetic.
^ fM^l (fem. ijJ, pi. LJ^), A prophet.
dJJl ^b, 0 prophet of God.
kkabit nabU, Wicked.
nahid. Wine, ij^f JuJ nahJd
ohyadt The white wine, y^^
noM ahmoTf The red wine. JL0I
nabfd a»far^ The yellow wine. This last
quality is called Qaldm Wine, The best
quality of the wine of Mount Lebanon is that
produced from the hillsides of the Zuk or
Tillage of Masbeh near Antura.
iJ^ noMl, Excellent. Ingenious, skil-
fuL Generous. Great.
uJlsJ nattafy One who pulls out (hairs).
^\ii nat&fat. What fSalls when pulling
out anything.
^l:j naldnat, Smelling badly, stinking.
^\sj fuUdi/tj{pl, of d2CUJ), Conclusions,
syllo^sms, consequences, substances, results,
effects.
^ na&, Drawing with vigour (a bow).
Snatching, carrying off. [pincers.
^Jusj naUh, Pulling off (a thorn) with
i^^isj naif, Pullbg out (hairs, feathers).
A flg\%..'> natljatf The eoDclusion (of a
syllogism) ; the sum, substance, result.
<CiMtt»» ^^^V^ tuUy'at hatanah, A good
effect. dj(}j A:^^ ludljat radiydh,
A bad effect, i^^^zj j^ ^ min ghayir
naiijah^ Without any result.
J^ noir, A prose composition. Scattering.
\atr nafd, Escaping, being liberated, set
free, or emancipated. To find a means of
escape, to escape, saTc oneself, be saved.
^Jji\ JJ ^ \jys^ najawnd min y ad al
fjtdUf We hare escaped from the hands of the
enemy. JjJ^j,^^ Ci3 v.^-^ J^ <0J|^
iKLi JU\ \jJfc J\ J^j J^^ Ui
God has decreed a new life for thee ; for no
one ever arrired at this place before thee and
escaped from it. Praise be to Gh>d for thy
safety!
^Ixa^ najdbat, Generosity, nobleness.
Being generous, liberal, high-minded.
ifW^ nof-at, Liberation, freedom, salva-
tion. * Deliverance. [Good success.
.Ixa^ fuijdhf Happening fortunately.
t}\s^ fMjIfdd, A maker of cushions and
beds.
j\af^ najjdr, A carpenter*
ij\sf nijdratf The carpenter's ait.
JLlaT najdaat, Being dirty. Nastiness.
^IflsT nijd$hat, Being quick, expedi-
tious. ^Iscvlt, The king of the
Ethiopians."
elasT ^Is^ f^'S^fi^'iSfr, Bold, strenuous.
^W* fioj/am, Ana8tronomer,an astrologer.
sT najd^ High ground ; an open, patent.
or high road, especially to higher ground ; the
higher part of Arabia towaras Babylon (the
lower being ^l^).
M *
»J^ najdatf Fortitude, magnanimity,
boldness. A battle.
J^
(430)
U
naja%, Performing (a promise).
Finishing (business, an oration] ; being at the
end of a journey.
^jt^^sf^ najiB (fem. l^^af), Dirty, filthy,
nasty. Najat^ Dirtiness, filth, dung.
J^ nqjlj A son ; the young of an animal.
dy^^najmat, Mssrnajm(;pL /^^sfTnujam),
A star. i^^J^ annqfum, The Pleiades,
also the Polar star. [tronomy.
j^jsfT nufUm, Stars. (^^^-^^ A^ -^s-
nujuml, Belonging to the stars.
najlh, (Generous, excellent, noble,
praiseworthy, honourable. A hero.
' nqfid, Bold, brave, strong. Ju^Jf ,
The lion,
^^la^ nahds, Brass, copper. ^^^^^
{jm\s^ ma^dan fMhds, A copper-mine.
There existed formerly in the neighbourhood
of Aleppo a copper mine, from which not long
aeo they used to extract copper; but it was
g^ven up as the quantity of copper extracted
was not sufficient to pay the work.
^.«»la^ nahdtlf Brazen, copper.
ailar ntihd/at, Being emaciated. Lean-
ness, [ing aloud, howling.
v_ -'^^ •^^^ Crying excessively, weep-
yjL^artMht, Smoothing, planing, scrap-
ing anything to make it fit.
jljs^ nthrir, Industrious, intelligent,
skilful, knowing, expert, experienced.
^^fMO^ nahs, A sinister aspect of the
stars, a bad omen, misfortune. Unlucky star.
J^Dl ^jMb^f annahs ul akhar, Saturn.
jkJi\ ^jt*^\ annahs td aa^har, Mars.
^^j^umj U ul^ ^Jiju ) , Andshe said,
0 my son, ask not what she did when I told
her the case, for she said. If thou hcdd not
thy tongue, 0 ill-omened old woman, I will
treat thee as thou deserrest.
Uac^ nuha/d (pi. of
^Ja^ nahl, Bees.
ala^ nahlat, One bee.
), Delicate.
* * * •
^jo^rnahnu, "We. ^^a^^jfl^vju-j) j^Saj
takaddam anta nahnu najJ, You go on, wc
are coming. LamAj ^jo^nahnuna/iund,
We, ourseUes.
. *
l^^stT nahnahat, Making a noise in the
throat by coughing.
y.ar nahw, Towards. As, like, about,
near. ^-^^V Ghrammar, syntax,
etymology, infiection, declension. Literal
speech, according to the rules of grammar.
^^ kanahwa,AccoTdmgor agreeable to.
{ja^s^ nahiU^ Bad, ill, unfortunate.
^yeaer nuhHsatf A bad presage, an on-
happy accident, misfortune. Unfortunate. The
quality of possessing a malign influence,
malignity.
J^aT nuhiHf Being emaciated, lean.
nahwi, Grammatical.
nahlh, Weeping excessively, cry-
ing aloud, howling, shrieking. ^^r.->-
c^'^gng^^ A>^j f ^be end of my walk-
ing and the commencement of my good fortune
conducted and introduced m^ to a wide space
where there was a concourse of wailing people.
hajar nahlt, Hewn stone.
nahif, Lean, meagre, weak,
slender. Weakly in constitution, feeble.
claT nakhd^, The spinal marrow.
iLIlar nukhdlat, Grain or anything sifted ;
also what remains in the sieve ; bran.
mm m
nukhbat, Chosen, selected, better.
nakhr, To be worn, rubbed ; pierced
(as a carious bone).
(JasT nakM, Sifting. The palm-tree.
ilas^ nakhlat, One palm-tree.
if^ar ndkhwat, Pride, haughtiness.
Jj nad, A perfume, composed of musk,
ambergris, and the wood of aloes ; or simply
of ambergris.
Ijj nidd, Calling to one, convoking,
proclaiming. A proclamation, a clamour.
To proclaim, announce, divulge, publish.
1 jJl (-J^» The interjection of calling,
the vocative.
^>
(431)
UaJ
^1 Jj fMdSmai, Eepentance, contrition,
penitence. LJ\xi\jjfl\ ijAJ9amarat
attahawur annrndamah^ The firuit of rashness
is repentance.
Sjf Jj naddwai, Moisture (of ground).
(^ jj nadb, Lamenting or mourning the
dead ; making a funeral oration or enoomium.
ijjj nudhat, A plaint, lamentation; a
funeral oration. Weeping and lamenting over
the dead.
(^jJ nadf, Beating or separating (cotton)
with a large how, which they heat with a kind
of hammer.
^ jJ«uMl0m,EepQnting. Penitence, iju^ JJ
I repented as
Gos^aijah repented in the morning, when I
found that Nawara was finally divorced from
me. She was once my paradise ; but I bad
exduded myself therefrom, as Adam was ex-
cluded when the Eril One drove him out.
t«jj nudamd (pi. of ^ jJ nadim), Com-
panions, associates, intimate friends who eat
and drink together.
4^jJ nada\ Being moist, humid, wet.
" Moisture, rain, wetness.
A^JJ nadim f A pot companion, an inti-
mate friend, a privy councillor, a confident.
A king's fool, jester, or buffoon.
jjj fumr, A vow, a promise made to
6od; a gift, anything offered or dedicated.
To TOW, to devote, to present, to dedicate to
God.
jl'dj fumlr, A messenger of bad news, A
prophet a preacher (sent to terrify the wicked),
an apostle, a legate.
{jt'^Ji narjU, The narcissus.
cU) nizd^, A dispute, contention, con-
troversy, litig&tion, lawsuit. UW.
c|^\ hdlat un nastd^ The agony of
death, the point of death.
iS\y HMdkat, Elegance, politeness.
^\jj nizdl, righting, battle, combat.
c JJ iMMUf^, To remove, to carry off, to
pull up, to tear out.
ijj not/, Flowing fast (as blood or
tears), being exhausted of blood.
Jjj nM, A cold in the head.
JUp funlat, One descent. Nudat, A
descent or defluxion of humours, a catarrh.
J^ lUMtl/, A descent, alighting. \^\ J»
•ft
<d^ iSJj\^y Then she descended from
the tree, and drew near to him, and came to
him and embraced him, pressing him to her
bosom, and began to kiss aim.
llbjj nathat, Delightful (country). Nmhat,
Pleasure, delight, joy, cheerfulness. An oma-
jmJL J^ ci^AmJI^, One day I entered
her apartment unawares, and found her weep-
infir, and heard her saying, What makes thee
hiae thy face from my eyes ? 0 thou who art
the deUght of mj heart, speak to me, 0 my
soul ; converse with me, 0 my beloved ! She
then began to recite the following verses. . . •
by funif, Debilitated by loss of blood.
One who has a bloody flux. The bloody flux
itself.
LuJ nisd, Women, the female sex ; ladies.
j^j U^ jj;ft j,^ jiySj 'LJi ^^ W
1^ •(
^^jiX>- jja>-!^^^-Sfili c-Am)^, Never
trust in women; nor rely upon their vows;
for their pleasure and displeasure depend upon
ckets. Thev
for perfidy lurks within their dresses. By the
their pockets. They offer a false affection;
tale of Joseph, be admonished, and guard
against their strategems.
-.LJ nassdj, A weaver.
ip^\*Mj nmdjat, The weaving art..
XydLuiJt En nasdsat, Mecca.
^lyJ fkudtirat, I^estorians.
^LJ nusdfatf Chaff which flies off when
winnowing.
jLJ nwa^, a series, arrangement, order.
•amJ
(432)
mctLuJ fuusdyijf Textile fiBkbricSi woven
ariiclefl. [breezes.
AiUui noBdyim (pi. of a;*amj no^im), Airs,
u^ ^m» nofiid, Genealogy. Extraction,
birth, parentage, c:^^;.^ |^1 t JUb {j
j^j-*wJj j^yi-jVJ u->J;fii uo ,V^
jLIt ^ t^jj:, 0 thou, if then know
me not, I will aoquaint thee with my name
and descent. I am the son of the dianghter
of the King of the Amalekites, of those who
ruled the coontries with equity.
fMsahat, I^portion. NUhat^ Eo-
lation, respecting, regarding, attribute, re-
ference. AfSnity, connexion. <UuJ
nuhatan^ Belatively, in respect of, in regard to.
^.^uaJ nashiy Belated to, of the blood.
Pertaining to extraction or parentage.
»
^ nasf, "Weaving (doth). TwistiDg
(anything).
u'^ fkuhhf Transcribing a book, copying.
obliterating, defacing, abrogating (a law),
repealing (one by another), annnllmg, reject-
ing, breaking, confuting. Nmakh (pL of
^^s***'), Examples.
^Cs^ nuskhat or nuakhah, An exemplar,
prototype, arcbetype, a copy or model whence
anything is taken.
ijSi^ A mode of writing. The peculiar
handwriting used in copying the Kur'an, and
most prose books, in Turkey, Syria, and Arabia.
jmj noir, An eagle, a vultare. jm^\
^1^1, The falling vulture, i.e. The
lyre (another constellation). ^^amJI an
fuuir, An Arabian idol. yiyi^Mull
amuur id tayir. The soaring eagle. A
mystical word of the religion of the Ansariah,
signifying mystically the Sun, as the eagle is
an emblem of the sun and of light, on
account of its rapid flight and its soaring
into the hifi;hest regions of the air, where
lufht abound. The principal remaining part
of the Temple of the Sun at Balbec contains
tablets in the form of lozenges, on which is
represented Jupiter sitting on his eagle. There
is also the figure of a soaring bird sculptured
on both the gates of the Temple of the Sun at
Balbec and Palmyra, of which the crooked
beak, large claws, and the caduceus he bears,
nye him the appearance of an eagle. And
this eagle is the soaring eagle consecrated to
use u
the Sun, to which allusion is here made under
the appellation of the Soaring Eagle.
i^f»»i iMMTf, Aquiline.
^^^ fuwrin. The narcissus.
i^^^LmJ noiiurlf I^estorian.
<— JmJ fuuft Winnowing (com).
fjMU fuuak, Order, series, arrangement,
connexion ; style, manner of writing.
jMui3l an nasak, The constellation
Orion. ^U^Jt an noiakdnip Two
stars in the scales of Libra.
*,* ^"'» naskf Being religious, devout;
▼irtuous ; dedicating or sacrificing to Qod.
Jyywj nasi, Offspring, progeny, lineage,
descendants, relationship, stock, race.
mmJ ncuantf (Wind) blowing gently;
' breathing. [breath.
A4aaJ naaamat, The soul, spirit, the
(jmLmJ nisndt, A kind of ape, a marmoset.
^^^mJ niswdny Women, ladies.
iyMj nanoatf Neglecting or abandoning.
Ifutwat, Women (the singular in
ifl^l, Awoman). J^ljl^s^^j-Jl ^
<>i>l' L5* \J ^j^ ^r^' *^^
^ukid^ ^Jlc ar^t _i. Whereupon, I
began to attire myself in clothes of the hand-
somest description, and to feed upon the most
delicious meats. Kow Grod made me to be a
hater of women. One day I was walking
through the streets of Bagdad, when a party
of them stopped my way. I therefore fled
from them, and entering a by-street, which
was not a thoroughfare, I reclined upon a
ma§tabah, at its further extremity.
j^mJ nusikr (pi. of^uJ nasr). Eagles.
(jwi niswly Womanly, feminine.
_mJ nwft Forgetting, neglecting, omit-
ting. A thing forgotten or unworthy to be
remembered.
^LuJ nasydn^ Forgetful. Nuydn,
Oblivion. Eorgetfulness, neglect, ji^
liJ
(433)
e
%JL^\jCJ^\^jkJi\ Jfybtj <?.flu.4.1^j ^^!^
XiU^I, And I forgot aU that I bad
suffered from fatigue, and absence from my
natiTe country, and difficulty, and the terrors
of trsTel. I occupied myseLf with delights,
and pleasures, delicious meats, and exquisite
drinks, and continued in this state.
\^ > noilb. Belated to another.
^ffCUot natHjat, A. web, anything woven.
**mJ fuuim, A gentle gale, the zephyr,
fragrant air. uXS J ^^ ^ jlr ^^jS^
uL^Jj JU^K And there came forth
upon him from the door a pleasant eentle
gale and an exquisite odour, wherewith the
porter was delighted. ^ c^*U9 Jj^
^^^' J ^J J^^ ^-^ r*^'
^lC«!f (J^Ji The zephyr was sweet
to me in that place, and pleasant was the time ;
so slumber overcame me, and I reposed there.
LmJ nauhd, Starch.
c-^l£j nashshdb, Arrows. JViathshdh, An
aiTOw maker.
jajLuJ N%9hahur, One of the capitals of
Khorassan. The word is said to imply the
dty of Shapur.
jC\ZtJ nothddir, Sal ammoniac.
i^l£J nuthdrat, What is taken off a piece
of wood with a saw.
j^luJ nashdtf Cheerfulness, gladness,
joy, exultation, triumph, pleasure, activity.
\,\£Jy Lie. ^^1 ^jBjO^j • »A«9- ^^*
•cA^l/ ^^ c;pj. Then saUy forth,
my son, as early as the raven, with the
courage of a lion, the perseverance of a
chameleon, the cunning of a wolf, the rapacity
of a boar, the activity of a falcon, the crafti-
ness of a fox, the patience of a camel, and
the fawning of a cat, and assume the double
colours of the father of the colours.
(^luJ natkdfy Dryness in the mouth
from eitreme hunger.
^UJ nuikdn^ A sign, signal, mark, cha-
racter, seal, index, annotation. Ensign, flag,
banner. A butt (for archers, etc.). Family
arms, armorial bearings.
jJltj na$htar, A lancet.
juutJ nashd, Asking, inquiring, heseech-
ing for 6od*s sake; saying (to any one), I
conjure joji by God !
jU4j noihar, Spreading (a table, carpets,
etc.) ; expanding, extending, diffusing ; pub-
lishing (news) ; dispersing, scattering, strew-
ing. Gutting with a saw. JU^^Jm^^
hashr %pa naihr, The resurrection and gather-
ing of the dead to judgment
ujl^ nashaf, Ground imbibing water,
or the water so sucked up. Black, burnt-
looking pumice-stones.
JhuJ nashak, Odour, perfame. Smelling
anything fragrant, snuffing up perfume.
yU ntuhu, Increasing, rising, growing
up (as a boy, etc.); springing or sprouting,
being produced. A vegetive, vegetable.
JumJ naahld, Yerses which people recite,
especially alternately. jLujSl «X^i
tuuhJd ul anshady Solomon's Songs.
la,JuJ fuuhU, Brisk, cheerful.
^joj naif The style or text of a book.
c^UiJ nUdb, The hilt (of a sword), or
the handle (of a knife).
(m^U3J nasidh, Chivalier tPindtutrie, A
swindler, a sharper; one who sinks people's
money or goods.
ijTjLai fkudra* (pi. of vJU^jJ), Christians.
t^\^ wudyih (pi. of iiL^UiJ ), Counsels,
advices, admonitions.
u,, ^.r'> nMahy Pixing, planting, erecting.
To erect, establish ; to declare, appoint, con-
stitute, ittstal ; to fix, plant ; to elevate, exalt,
rear.
L» *.fn')^ J Ic ^iH-u-noihy Appointment to
public posts of dignity held under government,
and dismissal from the same.
^"^ na»hy Advising, giving counsel.
\s^ ntuahd (pi. of ,^«^ ), Sincere friends.
28
*/-"
(434)
Nuihtu mmar, Kebncbad-
fj}j^ fuuranl (fern. ^\jaj natranJfoi), |
JLj\j^\, The ChriBtian xeUgion, Chris-
tuontjr.
ij^ nusrat, Aawstance, defence. Yictorj.
^^^ MMrf, Triumphal, victorious.
i^i^'f niif (pL i^U}f), The half, the
middle part. j\^\ cjL^ _9, In the
middle of the daj ; noon. ^^Jloj ^
iJjJt, In the middle of the night
JJJ\ i^Q^'r, Midnight
^yfju-Oia) nUfdmfiraf A semicircle.
JUiKdj -ntufah^ Justice, eqnitj, conacien-
tionmev. [initmineiit.
ZJLoJ fuu/o^, The blade of any catting
^y^ noiiih, True, constant, sincere.
c. >^j,n) fi<wi5, A part, portion, chance,
lot ; good fortune ; frte, desdny.
^M«d} iViwI^I, Nisibis in Mesopotamia,
or ,,f^**^j NaHhln, A town sitnated
near the mountain of Ararat^ called
4^jysr\ iJr^ ^^^ tjjyj'^'^ iJf^y which
is held in great Teneration, from a belief that
Noah*f ark rested on it This town is near
Sinjar. Its riTer, which comes down from
Ararat, is called ^/^U^^^, the
Biver of Hermes, and is diyided into two
branches, one of which is tributary to the En-
phrates, and the other to the Tigris. Nisibis
u celebrated for its white roses, bat there is
not one red rose. The white rose of Nisibis
is mentioned in the Arabian Nights, in the'
Tale of Uns-^-wnjood (Calcutta ed., toL ii.,
p. 357), in the following yerses : ^^l^
y/h^j si^j V ^"^^ r^^' ^5^^
\
ysJj ij^ Jj^\ ,^^ ^\ ♦ u,^j^a\
_3 • " •
^ ^^^i«ft , O, to whom shall I complain
of tiie desbne that I suffer, and mj griet and
mj diqnnetion from mj bdoved, and the flame
tiiat rageth within mj bosom, hot which I
show not, in my fear of the watcho* P I haTe
become atftennated, like mito a toothpi^ by
estrangement and ardour and lamentation !
Where is the eye of my belored, to see how
my state has become like that of the distracted ?
They tyrannised over me when they confined
me m a place to which my^ belored can nefer
come. I beg the son to gire a thoosand salu-
tations at the time of its rising, and again at
its setting, to my lored one, who shameth the
full moon in beauty, and surpasseth in figure
the slender hrench ! If the rose be compared
to lus cheek, I say of it. Thou resemblest it
not if thou be not the NitibUe Horn, The
moisture of his mouth is like pleasant wine,
that would cool me when a fire flameth within
me. How can I gixe him up who is my heart,
my soul, my torment, the cause of my distress,
my beloTe^ and my true physidan? — ^The
town of Nisibis is now called Nuib.
.g^ tuulh (pi. Ur^), Faithful. A
iponitor.
Afcydi nasihaf, Counsel, advice, exhor-
tation, admonition; an adTcrtisement, pre-
caution. , ^S.<V>rr) c,>%i^**nJ Ja hal
Uutatwib muiihatJf Do you approre of my
advice P
r^t^oj mufr. An assistant, a defender.
-.IL} nattdh, Butting or striking with
the horns (as a xam).
^r^ fkUh, Butting with the horns.
^ji^ nitrUn, "Nitre, Natron.
iiiaj nut/at, Sperma hominis. ^^\r.flla3\,
The two seas, as the Eastern and the Western,
the Mediterranean and the Red Sea, the
Persian Gulf and the Sea of China.
liu
(435)
fj!bj natik. Speaking well, eloquent.
NtUkf A word, articalatioii, speech, pronim-
CIEtioiL
jUai nuKxdrf Spectators, gjiaj fuuMdrah,
A telescope. <JL^\j\iaj naudrGt, A
pair of spectacles.
ijUaJ HMdrat, A vieW| a spectacle.
Direction, saperririoii. A ministiy, depart-
ment of state. Ministerial office.
ZiUaJ natdfai. Being clean, deaimess.
Neatness, pnritj.
jt^ioj fiMdjfi, Order, disposition, arrange-
ment. Composition of rerses. A custom,
habit, mode, way of life, institution. The
right way, a right line. A foundation, basis,
oonstitation. JJ A>- i^UaJ nindmi-jadid,
(New system), Name given to the general
system of ^oyemment introduced into Turkey
by Sultan Mahmnd II. in 1826, upon the sup-
pression of the Janissaries, particularly the
employment of regularly disciplined troops.
^UaJ naaa'ir (pi. of Sj^ natlrah), Similar
things, parallel things. Parodies, imitations,
riTaf pieces of composition.
Jaj HOzoTf The sight, vision, look. To
look at, behold, see, gase upon ; to turn the
eyes or the mind towards (any object], to at-
tend to; to consider, weigh, rate, yalne.
Joj L,i'^>"lig tdhib naxar, One who has
tact, who is very considerate.
ijlaj murai, One look. l^\^t ^t Jjjl
wish to obtain one glance at her," though my
death be the consequence. Contrive, therefore,
some stratagem for me, that I may see her.
^^Joj natarf, Contemplatiye.
Joj fuuMf See ^Ua3. Order, arrange-
ment. A string of pearls. Poetry, verM.
jJoj HMlr, Alike, resembling, equal to
(another). ^^^\^^Jt2j, Looking to-
wards or opposite*to a thing.
^ gjVi > tunlf, Pare, clean.
^jm\mj nu^, Having a propensity to
deep, somnolent, lethargic.
jt\ju na^tn and i^\su, The ostrich.
wUHl a'nna^yimf The twentieth man-
sion of the moon, being eight stars in a cir-
cular position, of wmeh four are called
Mjj\^\ ; the other four it}j\^\.
} na^. An epithet, a description.
An adjective noun. Pnuse, an exilogium, en-
comium. NafJu^mtabT, The praise of the
Prophet (which, after the praises of God, is
inscribed at the beginning of many books ; a
species of invocation).
^j^ na^9, Sleeping, slambering, som-
nolency, drowsiness.
^LuaJ na^dn, Sleepy.
4uuju na^i, One sleep or slumber.
^Juju na^h, A bier, a coffin with a dead
body, ^jl ^^^\ \j ^UjI Jil JUi
And his son replied to him, 0 my fiither, be
thy seat in liro never brought low, lior thy
bier lifted up ! Thou hast indeed spoken with
true aim to the purpose, and thou hast taught
me the path that is truly right, and shown me
how to attain to real distinction, and given me
what a father never yet gave to a son !
Jju na^l (pi. Jlju), A horse-shoe; a
shoe, a slipper, or anything which defends the
feet of man or beast, a woman's buskin.
UM ^5^ j^ J^^ ^j^ kMf
And she fell into a violent rage, and called out
to the female slaves and eunuchs, and said.
Seize this artful old woman, and beat her with
your slippers. 8o they fell to beating her
with their slippers until she fiunted.
jtMj na^am, Tes, very well, indeed.
U^l J * *:ij\j ^^JJf ^^\J\ aju (JiJUi
l^yu ULi, And she said, Excellent
n the opinion that thou hast formed. Then
they were silent ; and they passed that night.
In the heart of the King £edr was a flame of
fire, kindled by his love and passion for the
Queen Joharah, before even making her ao-
quaintance.
(pi. of ^AM n^wkU), Com-
*)u m^am ^pi. or ^^am ni^mai),
forts, blessings, benefits. ajcII ^ Ji^
waliyu* n'tit^am, A bene&otor. '
^
(436)
^^
Uju iM^i»aaBd,^^4«J(tlieBamea8Ju», j ^ iwyAw, (Reading or siDging) in a low
or t^e pL), Benefits. ^Ji^ aU J^l
ZtUju, Praise be to God for
benefiti!
Uju iM^f mmdy Hail ! O excellent!
iZj\jM ni^amdt (pL of Iaju ni^mat)^
Benefiti, graoet.
^L4«3 nu^mdnj ITame of the kings of
Byim in ArsbU, cipecudly of the lait
^UjcJI ijd^f ^® anemone.
444U lui^mo/, Convenience, ease, affla-
enee, wealth. Ni^mat, GnMnoameaB, benefi-
cence. A benefit, gnee.
cUaJ na^^ Minty spear- minL
«^:jyu nu^t, Encominms, praises.
iiibjmMJ na^liau hittah^ Let us fly to
Ood (from anything wicked)! Jyu
ilS\j^^\j na^suhiUM minzalika,
God preserve ns from that! ^b Jyu
MjprJ^ ^UsmaLII ^ na^uL hiUahi min
a*ih shaytonCr rajlm, God defend us from
Satan the accnned! (Which is often made to
rhyme with (»«>^^ ij^^-^^J^ ^^ &**^
hitmUlahCr rahnumt'r rahm. In the name of
God the giacioas, the merciful !) J^
min shururi anfusitta, Hay God protect ns
•gainst the wickednees of our own desires !
mm na^m. Ease, quiet, tranquillity,
pleasure, afSnence, anythiDg j^ood which we
enjoy. The state of being in possession of
every blessing, d^t'^^ ^^ jannat ui
ne^m^ Name of one of the subdivisions of
Paradise, or one of the names of Paradise.
Jljjjb J ^^^i j^^U And I was
blessed with a thousand children, like stem
lions ; and I lived a thousand years, happy in
mind and heart And I amassed riches such
as the kings of the regions of the earth* were
unable to procure, and ima^ned that my en-
-^menUi wonld continue without fiulure.
Toice. ^UMj naghmat (pi. d^tUi
nmgkmat), A soft sweet roioe. A musical sound
or tone. Mdody, s«Bg, modnlation ; a trill or
shake. ^J^ jy^ iZj\ya\ Lab' ^^^J
^^j^^ ^i-^U^ JJj^f He heard also
the Toiees of birds, warbling and praising
God (whoae name be exalted!), with divene
tones, and with idl the ain and modulations,
consisting of turtle-doves, heuza, blackbirds,
nightingales, lingnioTes, and kierawans.
^Jj ii«/a«. The condition of a woman
for forty days after childbiz^h, or rather during
all ^e time that she is confined to her bed*
L>U> naf&sat, Being precious, exquisite.
Goodness, excellence, superiority (of quality),
delicacy, richness.
cIa3 fM^^, Useful, one who does good.
jU3 na/dk. Being saleable (goods).
Being brisk (market). Nifak, Hypocrisy,
fallacy, falsity.
^^Uj nafSyis, F^redous things. Things
excellent and esteemed, valuables, delicacies.
J^ nafh, Breathing or difFusing odour.
To scatter perfume, to smell delightfolly. To
blow (as the wind).
<U^ nafhat. One blast or breath of wind ; a
fragrant gale, periume. Beputation, good fame.
J^ nafakh, Blowing (with the mouth) ;
^sounding (a horn). Im^iring, breathing into.
Swelling.
ji3 nafa%, Penetrating, pervading, pierc-
ing quite through. The penetrating power.
jij nafar, One person, especially of the
common people, a common soldier.
iJu nafratf Flight, terror. Abomination,
aversion. Bepulsion.
fjju nafas (pi. ^/*.U3^), The breath, re-
spiration. ^jiJ^\ (Ji^, The asthma,
a difficulty of respiration. ^^;-«iJ^^
The hist breath.
^^yJu nafi (pi. (^^), The soul, the
spirit, self; the body, blood, flesh; a per-
son, an individual, a substance, an essence.
j^\ u^ nafa ul amr, The reality of
any matter, -^S\ ^JJu ^ fi nafi td
M
amr, adv. In reality. jj-JJU hitmafi.
( 437 ) ^
adv. Penonally. ^Juc l1C«««> 4}^
^\iil\ ^wwid nafsai ^ala'l kitdbah,
Accustom yourself to write.
VmJ3 nafsdf A woman confined to her
bed after childbirth.
«JLui3 nafsdnlf Luxurious, carnal.
^Lua3 nafidniyat, Spite, a grudge,
enmity, ill-will.
ijaij nmfadj Shaking (atree oragannent).
laij ii0/l^,Naphtha,hitumen,liquidnaphtha .
su naf^ Gain, profit, adrantage, utility.
^Aso nafakai, The necessary expenses for
liTing. Stipend, salary. The allowance due
to a wife and children from the husband and
father for maintenance.
J^ nafda^ Penetrating, piercing through.
Moral influence. Jja) v_ -"^^y* $dh%b
nufuBj A person of influence, of great supre-
macy.
j^ nafi^f Ahhorring, nauseating, averse.
(jM^ nufm (pi. oi^juiu nafs), Souls. ^\
* Jks^^ ^^ jJl Jksr l^\^ , God knows
that I am in affliction. I cannot make mani-
fest the pain that I feeL I have two souls ;
one place contains one soid, and the other
place the other. I imagine that my absent
soul is like my present, and that she expe-
riences what I experience.
^Ju nafi, Prohihition, proscription. To
"prohibit, interdict, proscribe. To reject, to
refuse, to repulse.
jJu na/lr, A body of men, especially
from three to ten. a\^jJu,'A general
rising or expedition; the publishing of the
arrim ban, a general smnmons of the nobility
to appear in arms with their troops.
jju nafir, A kind of musical instrument,
a brazen trumpet. jJuj J^, Drums
and trumpets.
^^/mmaJ nafis (fem. LmJu ), A precious or
wished-for object, what one leoeiTes with a
short-breatiiing eagerness. Great riches. Pre-
cious, delicate, exquisite. _S\ j^j
J^\ l\y\ ^^ ^y^\ f^^\3j^)\
Ai|^\ , And he looked towards a grand
chamber, in which he beheld noblemen and
great lords ; and in it were all kinds of flowers,
and aU kinds of sweet scents, and yarieties of
dried and fresh fruits, together with abundance
of yarious kinds of exquisite Tiands, and
beyerage prepared from the fruit of the
choicest grape-yines.
C^U} nikdhf A veil.
ii\3j nahdbatj Being a chief, magistrate,
or leader of the people. The tribunitial or
magisterial dignity.
sj^ nakdrah, A kettle-drum.
fjiUj nakidsh, A painter, sculptor, em*
broiderer, gilder of books, jj^ \ j,a9-'\s
iJi\ jj^Uflc;U, And the Wezeer
caused a whitewasher to be brought, and a
painter, and an excellent goldsmith, and pro-
yided them with all that they required.
X^U) niHdshat, The art of painting.
i^\su nakdwat, Purity.
s^^a'j nakb, Digging through a wall
li; nukabd (pi. of i,^^), Chiefs,
leaders. Special magistrates oyer a class of
people.
j£j nahdt Beady money, prompt payment.
i^j^ naiUt, Beady (money), belonging
to ready money.
iJSij nahrai, One smack with the fingers.
^j^ nakru, The gout.
^JaSj naksh. Painting, embroidery, a
picture, drawing. To paint, to embroider,
either plain or in colours. Nakth, Carying,
engraving. ^\JLjii\ ^Jitli naksh ul
minkath, Taille-douce.
^joMj naki, Defect, deficiency, diminu-
tion, detriment, injury. Loss. J^ J
s\a£. _i fjoAj ^uLe, There is a defect
in his understanding. ^UoSi nohdn^
Loss. Diminution, deficiency, a defect, fault,
imperfection.
(438)
v^
^joaj nakd, Dissolation, Tiolatioiiyroptare.
To demoluh, diasolTe, undo, untwut. De-
stroying, demolishing, polling down, polling
topieoee.
Li} nakt, Marking with points. Ubij
nuktaU A point, a spot, a stain. A dot, a
diacritical point of a letter ; a point (in mathe-
matics). aIsaij aLaJ, From point to
point, ponetoally.
wft3 nak^ Steeping in water. Haoe-
zating, soaking. ,
uJa) nakfy Striking violently.
4^1} naJd, History, narrative, reUtion,
report, aoooont, tale, story. A copy. Com-
piling narratires. Transportation, transplant-
ing; translation (from one langoage to
another). To carry from one place to another ;
to tranuate, to relate, to mend, etc. Nukl^
Anything giyen at entertainments along with
wine, as fruits, sweetmeats, ^j^
JiJ\ J^y^\ ^ ^\^ JuH, Travel-
ling more widely than a proTerb,.and swifter
than the moon in changing.
<Ui3 ntkmat or nakmat, Punishment, re-
Tenge. MaleTolence,hatred. A distemper. Vehe-
mence; hardne88,Beverity.vl^:;^l^tXA]
^ImW clio vjuij>-^*^^\, Ikept
comptany with thee throogh fear of thy op-
pression, and flattered thee withont a hope of
conciliating thv kindness ; hot now, terror has
descended on thee and affected thee, and pon-
ishment hath oyertaken thee. [money.
J^ nuk^d (pL of J^), Sums of ready
L^^ nukush (pi. of ^Jiij)9 Pictures.
Paintings. j^Aii] CXlj (j:.J^J jj
i^ls^l^ jImJI^, Then she entered
that palacCt and took a new of its paintinn,
and saw the birds and the fowler and ue
pigeons.
c ySu ittfitfl^, Anything dissolvedin water,
to make medicines, drink, etc
^Jij nalA, Clean, pure, excellent, ex-
qoisite, ehaste.
uy*g&> ftak^h (pi. La}), a chief, a leader.
A special magistrate oyer a class of people.
M ^Sl ^^ nakih id. oihrd/, The
chief or soperintendent oyer the registered
descendants of the Prophet
^uj nakffot, A word. ^LmSj ndlnyat (fern,
of ^£3 nakl)j Pure, clean, etc.
<?.rjfl,i naklidh, A defect, imperfection,
a fftolt A yioe.
^^o^ noMdf Destroying a work, de-
moUshing a boilding. Contrary, adyerse,
inimi<»l. An enemy.
LnJij naixdai, A competition between
two poets, when one repeats a line or lines, to
whicn the other makes an extemporary reply.
A contradiction, conizadictory &ct or assertion.
^IC nikdh, Matrimony, marriage. Gon-
giessos yenereos. The dower agreed opon as
payable by the hosband to a wife.
JlCi nakdl, An exemplary punishment,
a chastisement; a preyentiye, restraint
Troobles, distrenes.
i^X] nakahfBeiug afflicted, unfortunate.
Haying a pain in the shoolders. limping,
hidting. Miakb^ Tnyerting. Throwing aown
or away, breaking. Horang the foot, haying
a stone sticking in the hoof, and limping.
iSj nakbat (pi. tZj\Jj), Advenity,
calamity, misfortone, affliction. Ignominy,
contempt
iiij nuktat, A subtile or quaint conceit,
a nice or metaphysical distinction, a mystics!
si^ification. A point An impression made
with the tip of the finger, or with a stick on
tiiegronnd.
lLSj naks, Breaking^ an agreement.
jjl} nakid, Miserable, wretched, nn-
happy(life).\j^ iL^^^LuJo ya^UAan
^mth nakidan. They lead an onhappy life ; they
are leading a wretched, miserable iife.
i^]J^ ntlrdn. Not knowing or acknow-
led^ng (another), denying, reprobating, re-
jectmg, ropodiating.
ijfj nakirai, Undetermined, unrestricted
indefinite (noon).
J^ nakg, Driving away, beating back,
ropolsing, trampling opon. Stinging with the
nose (a serpent which has apparently no
month). Fixing the shaip point of anything
in the groond.
(jyju naki, Inclining downward, invert-
ing, placing topsy-tnnj. Beading backward
(especially a chapter or the Alcoran).
jCj naklr, Bepudiating, reprobating.
"HatefU, detestable, odioos, disagreeable.
Changed for worse. Anything spoilt, fallen
to decay. One of two angels supposed by th»
Mahometans to try the departed m the tomb.
V
(4S9)
^y
^X'f cdI J Zdti naklff Name of a place
in Arabia.
mj nammt CalamniatiDg, pablishing (the
■iyings or aotiona of othen) in order to propa-
Sate animorities; to tell or propagate fake-
oods. Diffusing odours, smdling of musk.
Uj namd, Growing, increasing.
aUj nammjfm, A calamniator^ an ac-
cuser, a whisperer.
^ mmr (pL *jy*^)$ A tiger.
^jj^ ydmrHd, Nimrod, the sixth son
of Cub, and the founder of Babylon and
Nineveh.
^j0i^ nam», The ichneamon or Egyptian
mouse, which kills the crocodile by jumping
down his throat
ij^ fumathf Being marked with points
of different coloun. A skin becoming so
marked (with the leprosy, morphew, freckles,
etc.). The lines in paintings, engravings, etc.
leMJ namat, A mode, a maimer.
iji^j nand (pi. of Haj namlat). Ants.
ytj narnH, Growing, increasing. Be-
coming Aill or deep coloured (especially black
or red). [modsL
^Jj4J numiiMef, A sample; an exemplar,
tuuHlmatf Detraction, slander ;
whisperiu]^ in the ear. The sound of a pen
when writmg.
mJ>\y nuuncdh (pi. of Ci-«^l^)f Yice-
^erents, lieutenants, governors ; substitntes for
judgss (the original of the word naM)»
^^y nawdhi^f Places of the body whence
penpiration flows (especially of cameb).
i\y nawdt, One date stone.
^y natptvahf A monmer.
i>^y nawwdhai, Ahiredfemale mourner.
^^\y nawdhl (pi. of ^U>>l3)| Teni-
^tories.
jO\y nawddir (pi. of iji^\i)t Bare things.
Jjty nawdzU (pi. of ^jU), Hisfortones.
^\y nawdthir (pi. of ijJ^\j)f Veins.
MB^y nancdshiffhf Channels throngh
which streams run down to a ralley.
\y nuwdaib, The enemies of the
Khalif Ali, son of Abu TaHb.
Jity nawdjU (pL of liiU), Sponta-
neous acts <^ devotbn not prescribed by law.
.. Snpeien^gatory prayers.
Ji^y nawdkil (pi. ^U), The Ticissi-
tndes of fortune. Ooin^ from country to
country. Tribute which is carried from city
todty.
(^M«3ly nawdkli (pi. of (j^^U), Bells.
fj\y nawdl, To obtain; to receive a
grace, a blessing, a privilege, a gift, a fiivour.
A present, gift, benefit. Fortune, lot, portion.
A mode, dimension, measure ; any given weight;
what is proper or convenient. An office,
duty, anything that ought to be performed.
\«^ Jjujf ^\ C^\yf It is your duty ;
you ought to do that. J)y3lj 1 JJb ^/uJ,
That is not right or true.
4^1y nawdhH (pi. of J>l3), (Camels)
satisfying their thirst at one drinking.
_Jb^y nawdhl, Prohibitions, things for-
bidden by law.
w.^1y nawdytb (pi. of ^uSU), Accidents,
revolutions of fortune, adversities.
i^\y nawdyih (pi. of JLarU nay'hat).
Female mourners.
hy NhJmU, or liyi\ al Ifahai, Nubia, a
country of E. Africa, inclosed between Bgypt,
the Nile, Abyssinia, and the Bed Sea. Area^
with Kordoum, estimated at 300,000 square
miles. Dete. With the exception of the im-
mediate banks of the Nile, which are rendered
fertile by laborious irrigation. Nubia consists
almost entirely of sandy and rocky deserts.
As the Nile here seldom or ever overflows iti
banks, the land is irrigated exclusively by
wheels, which raise the waters of the adjacent
grouncb. JCivert. The Nile is the principal.
JYo, Chiefly the grain called dkourah; also
barley, French beius, lentils sometimes water-
melons, tobacco, indigo, dates, senna, and
coflee. No fruit-trees are cultivated except
palms, though the climate seems very well
adapted to tnem. Cattle, sheep, and Roau
are reared by the Arabs in the deserts ; wAllst
the giraiSe and autelope are amon^ its wild
animals. ClitnaU. Intensely hot m summer,
yet remarkably healthy in consequence, pro-
Dably owing to the extreme dryness of the
atmosphere. Inhabitants. The Nubians are
in eeneral well made, strong, and muscular,
witn fine features. Pop. 400,000. Lat. be-
tween 11* and 24** N. Ion. between 28"* and
29° E. One of the most remarkable features
of this region consists in the magnificent
remains of sntiquity with which it is covered.
Before its conquest in 1821, by Ibrahim
. Pasha, it was governed by a neat number of
independent cniefr; since that time it has
been under the sway of Egypt.
i:y nutat, A period, a time, turn ; rero*
lution ; anything done periodically ; a guard
whichiareli0ved;Keepingwatch,rBlieving guard.
jy
(440)
J^
A sentinel, a watchman. A crowd of people. A
circuit. An occasion, an opportunity. An acci-
dent. * Each one of five times a day, corre-
sponding more or less with the hours of prayer,
when formerly bands of Eastern mdsic used
to be played in the court-yards of goyemors ;
hence a handy musie. ^y nuhataHf
Alternately, successirely.
^ y Nuhl, One native of Nubia.
vjy nawtl (pi. (J>\y ), A. seaman.
^y nawh, Lamenting, complaining,
moaning. A plaint, a moan.
-.y iVfi^y Noah, ^y u^^ tawafan-
nuh. The Flood of Noah. Concerning the
Flood of Noah, the Ansariah assert that in
olden time the Mediterranean Sea, the Black
Sea, the Caspian Sea, and other lakes, did not
exist ; that their beds were flat coantries,
thickly inhabited ; that before the Flood, an
earthquake having broken the mountains
which constituted that part of the continent
between Africa and Europe, and made an
opening in the place now called the Straits of
Gibraltar, the waters of the ocean were let
loose, and penetrated and began to cover every
day more and more the immense countries
which now form the bed of the Mediterranean
Sea and the other seas and lakes ; that Noah,
who was a man of great foresight, fearing that
the whole face of the earth would be covered
with the water of the ocean, hastened to take
refuge in Asia Minor, near Mount Ararat,
where he built his Ark, which he never used,
since the water of the ocean, after having
formed the Mediterranean, the Black Sea, etc.,
having arrived at the same level with those
seas, stopped in the same limits as they are
now, or a little more or less, according to the
respective places; that all the people of
the other countries of the earth did not suffer
the slightest harm from this partial flood;
that even the majority of the mhabitants of
the flooded plains were saved, as the waters of
the ocean did not rush all over at once, but
took a long time to cover those immense
plains. The same Ansariah add that the
whole narrative concerning Mount Ararat, the
animals sheltered and saved in the Ark, the
raining for forty days, the episode of the
raven and the dove, etc., are nothing but
mere romance. The same Ansariah assert
also that the destruction of what is called the
Ave cities took place in consequence of the
eruption of a volcano then burning in that
country, which swallowed not only five cities,
but a great number of flourishing towns.
Such are the assertions of the Ansariah, which
are quoted here as the most strange of their
oral or written traditions.
<l>-y nawhat (pi. (JLj\»^y nawhdt). La-
mentation, crying over the dead (as female
mourners).
jy nUr, Light, the raya of light, splen-
door. ^tijl^jiy> Light of the faith.
jAji\jy nUr ul ^akl, The light of the
mind. It^jy J^j^yr Wt ^^
SUw^ L»4J /^^viJ, And upon her
forehead were two jewels, the light of which
was like that of the sun ; and she seemed as
though she were looking at the people, and
obsenring them to the right and left.
0fitrar-aitRttramyaA, The Book of the I^ht
of the Brilliant and Luminous Lights. Tnis
is the title of a religious Arabic book of the
Shamsiyah, or Worsnippers of the Sun, treat-
ing of the worship of tne Sun. The author
nndortakes to prore that the Sun is (rod Him-
self; that the Sun was from all eternity, and
wUl endure and remain for ever and ever;
that the ancient nations of the Earth wor-
shipped the Sun because they weU knew
that he is the true Ood ; that the Sun is not
only self-existing and uncreated, but be is
also the creator himself, and he has created
and creates every Aaj new worlds ; that he
maintains, keeps, guides, and rules the mil-
lions of millions of existing worlds, which he at-
tracts and draws towards himself, and to which
he gives life by his infinite power and wiadom*
The author treats as puerile tales and ridicu-
lous &bles what was written of the letter mnit,
which, though but one letter, yet is composed
of three letters — m. t. m. He proves that
when the worship of the Sun was the only
eulU of the inhabitants of the Earth, the
world was flourishing, and that at the appear-
ance on the Earth of the m. ». m. the happmeas
and prosperity of mankind vanished ; that all
those legislators and prophets calling them-
selvea the Sent, the A^MMtles of (Md, the
Saviours of Mankind, are nothinjj^ but miser-
able worms, who will die, and with them will
die their work, whilst God, who inhabits the
Sun, will renuiin for ever and ever ; that all
men ought to return to worship the Sun, the
true Gk>a of Nature, and rebuild his temples
and the ancient towns, not that he wants
temples or worshippers whilst millions of mil-
lions of worlds are adoring him every minute,
but to put an end to the evil and mischief
created ov the different and contradictory re-
Hgions which are the work of man, and in-
spire the greatest hatred against one another,
and which have caused the shedding of blood
of so many millions of human beings for mere
nonsense. If all men, says tite author, return
to the worship of the true God, who is the
Sun, they will live as brothers, and be happy
and nrosperous ; and this happy change can
be enected without the slightest collision with
the existbg state of thinn. Do not the Jews,
the Christians, and the Mussulmen believe in
God P Yes. Is not the Sun the throne of
* •
(441)
V
6odF Tea. Then let tliem abjure all the
paerile tales and ridicnloiu fables which are
contained in their books, and adopt and make
the following profession of faith three times
every daj, kneeling before the SnUf and saying
three timea-^i^!^ yttAJ*^^^ ^\1\ iiS^
^jM^JJ ^/-^^ {jM^Si i^\ There %$ no
god but Oodf and the Sun it the throne of
Ood. Holy! Holffl Holy! Let them, be-
sides, do good, plant gardens, bnild towns,
give themselyes to trade, and do whatever
tends to promote and increase the happiness of
man. Such are the precepts of the nligion of
the Worshippers of the Sun, the true God. —
**This Work is Terr well written, and contains
at the end many hymns composed in honour
of the Sun, and inspirine the fear of Grod ;
tbey are so perfect and so beautiihl, that th^
fill the heart and the mind of the reader witn
loTe and Teneration for the Snn«"
kJ^j^ nUranlf Serene, light, clear.
Xjt^y nUr&niyat^ The light of tlie in-
tellect
j%j9^ miir-rita. The day of the Temal
equinox, generally called (JUaLi Ji^y
Mow-ritf euUani, The royal new (year's) day.
^^J)J nUrayn (dual oblique of jy), Both
the lights, i.e. sun and moon ; also the eyes.
jO\j^y» ndshddirf Sal ammoniac (lued in
tinning reasels and soldering).
cy naw^ (pi. ^y^)i A species, kind,
sort. ^/*fc^^ ^y. Species and genus.
U>- cy, A kind of vexation, any-
thing perplexing. \jJb cy ^\ ^
^y^\ fnin an naw^ haxal jUkh, Of
what kind is this cloth ? f ^ i^^
1«3Jb yb ^^^^s>- 0y naw^kaifwdn ku hatd,
What sort of animal is this i \cy
nawan^ Somewhat, in some manner.
t^y naw^, Constituting a species,
"spedfle.
i^y nauf, Hanging oyer, appearing
abore, eminent.
jiy nu/ar or naufar, The water-lily,
nenuphar.
^y nawfalf A munificent man. A
present, a handsome youth. The name of a
man. [worn by Arabian women.
4u1jj3 nawfabyai^ A kind of woollen veil
Jy nam. Weaving loom.
ily nawlat, One largesse or gift. Any-
thing, somewhat. ^y3^ The area of
the temple of Mecca; that which surrounds
A^l, or the sacred indosnre, see
^Jj« Nillat, Anything obtained.
f^iy nau^/On, Freight,
^y naum, Sleep, slumber, 'li^ cuv^^
^^L^ LlUwil^l i^ • ^^/i C-i-^ ^^1
uuJLiyi^U\^yJ\^JJ^
^yi\ ^yt^l J\j ♦ ^^ ^bJ\ f.l^\
^U! ^ ^UJ JJ • 1^1:-^ ^
* U^^ ' ^^y ^ ^ disappointed in the
accomplishment of my vow, if after your ab-
sence 1 know pleasant sleep ! My eyes could
not be doeed after your separation, nor did
rest delight me after tout departure ! It
would seem to me as tbough x saw you in
sleep ; and would that the yisions or sleep
mignt bo real ! I lore sleep without requiring
it, for perhaps a sight of you might be granted
inadieam!
^y nUmat, Careless, sleeping away an
opportunity. Nuwamat, Somnolent, sleepy.
c-^li|} nahhdb, A plunderer.
j\^ nah&r^ The day. The diffusion of
light, making things visible, wsl tl^
j^y^% A day shining with light, a
bright or serene day. 1; V^ ^i ^7
night and day. V^Sb ^Jlc \juSsj U^
jlfJ\ J^ hinnSL nufaitish cala* hastd
tul rnma^Vf We were seeking for this all day.
ij^ i\j^\ ^j i^\^ Aib\Jd3 U)jj
^\J,\^ Ji» -131 ^J^\^\J^
j^\ And probably he remembered
his family and his mother, who is an old
woman, and he imagined that she was weeping
for him during the hours of the night and the
periods of the day (during day and night
without interruption).
^l^ nihayaif The end, extremity, term,
goal, boundary, butt Excess. ^
(443)
J*3
^sj\^f He hit the mark, he gained his
end. j^'i\ Sj\^, The end of the matter,
finally, upon the whole, to conclude.
} nahhf Bapiiie, plander, epoil. To
plunder and carry off. ^^Ju\t>- U«aJj
tiyiai\ JuU* (Ji^ jftftMi AfJx^ L^i^^J
l^K ^ :^\ ^}^ ^ j^.|y,A2id
we feared them, lest they shonldplnnder our
goodi and our commoaitaes. Tney are the
moat hideous of beasts, and covered with hair
like black felt, their aspect striking terror;
and no one undentands tneir language.
j^ nahr (pl«^f and jl^f), A river, a
stream. a)LJ\^, The river Tigris.
M^\j\j^ Nahr Ihrdhim, The river
Adonis. jiJ^\je Nahr el ITehlr, The
river Elentheroa. jy^'^^ji^ iVa^ el
JDdmflryTheriverTamjras. k^^(1\j^
Nahr el Kalb, The river Lycus. j^
CD\j}i\ Nahr el FarAt, The river Eu-
phrates. ^\si\j^ Nahr el ^H; The
river Orontes. (ji^ji^ Nahr Ebwek,
The river Challifl. ^jj^ji^ I^<ihr
uzerkOf The rirer Jabboo of the Scriptures.
^J^jJl j^ Nahr addqfla, The river
Tigris. f^*^ji^j^ Nahr el ordan, The
river Jordan. \jy^sr^/^ Nahr AhUn^
The river Arazes, or Jazartes. j^
^^sa»- Nahrjlh^fif The river Phasis,
or Bactrus. ^^^^^^ iVtfAr.flAdn,
The river Cydnus. ^^jt^^ ^^^^ ^ ff»A
hain el nahratn (literatim, what is between
the two rivers, Tigrit and Euphratea), Meso-
jiotamia. Although rivers are nrequently men-
tan, wbicn is sometimes designated
" the river," without any addition, as is also
the Nile, and occasionallv the Euphrates. In
these cases the tenor of the discourse must
determine which is the river actually intended
by the sacred writers.
1^^ nahri, Elaviatic, belonging toa river.
ij^ nahaatp An ocoasion. See Lpji.
J^ nahuww, Prohibiting, forbidding.
jj^J nuhud, The breasts of a girl.
ijoj^ nuhud, To get up, to rise.
^^ nahjf, Prohibition, an interdict To
" prohibit, forbid.
L^^m{t nahlh and l^^, Plundering, espe-
cially infidels. Any kind of spoil.
JL|} nuhffatf An interdict, a prohibition.
Anything forbidden.
fj^ nahlk, The braying of an ass.
^ nojfff, Meat (raw).
vJ nl, Me. y<^ ^0 lo^^ ^^'
i)[J niydhat, A turn, period, etc* A
vicegeroncy, lieutenancy. Depntyship.
Jl^IJ niydhaty Weeping, lamenting.
Lamentation, a complaint, a moan.
aLj ntydm (pi. of JO), Sleeping.
^ niyat, Intention, purpose, design,
resolution, will ; the object or end of delibera-
tion. l.j^\ JI/UJ J vl^^ Ja
hal ft niyatak an iutajlr Ua* ouropOf Do you
intend going to Europe P
jj nlr, A yoke for coupling oxen.
^\^ ri^rdn, Fires, flames.
^^^t annlrein (dual oblique of ^),
or ^jy^^ annlrein, ^j\*j^^ ann^dn.
The two lights, both luminaries, the sun and
the moon. ^^j^\j^ MrunnlrMii, The
mystery of the two lights, the great secret and
mystery of the religion of the Ansariah, which
is communicated to the candidate after a great
many ceremonies, engagements, and oaths,
that he will never divulge it to any one. A
secret which would cost the life of him who
should be so guilty as to re real it.
^Lamj nledn, A Syrian month corre-
sponding to April. ^UuJ iZj\Jiai,
Drops of spring rain, which aro believed to
proauce pearls if they fall into sheila, and
venom if they drop upon serpents.
L,SJ nay/, Excess, surplus, redundancy.
Some (from three to ten). Excellence, good-
ness, beneficence.
JJ nayl, Obtaining, acquiring. What-
ever one acquires. To obtain, to arrive at.
4JJ Nilf A town situated on the Eu-
phrates, between Bagdad .and al Eufah^
JJiW/,TheriverNile. J-i or J-Jt^,
tOi*
(448)
A eelebrated riyer of Eutem Africay which
trmTenes E^jpt through its whole extent,
ud. by iti mondatioii, produces all the fer-
tili^ for which that country is distinffuished.
It 18 formed by the union of the Sahr-el-
Abifld, or White River, and the Bahr-el-
Aarek, or Blue River. Its source is beUeved
to be near the equator, to within 4" of whidi
it was traced by M. Bruoe-RoUet in 1864.
In Sennaar it is joined by the Bahr-el-Azrek,
according to Bruce a much smaller river than
the Bahr-el-Abiad, which rolls three times the
quantity of water as its rival, and has its
epaBnel always fhll; while the Abyssinian
river is great only after the rains, and could
not of itMlf force its way across the Nubian
desert. Havingjpunuedits way a considerable
apace fiurther, it receives the Tacazze, after
which, for a ooune of about a thousand miles,
it ii not fed by any river, scarcely even by the
amallest rivulet, but rolls its stream over an
immeasurable expanse of sandy desert Before
reaching JE^^pt^ it forms two .celebrated
cataracts. In passing through Up^r Egypt,
it is confined between two mountain rau^,
which leave only a nairow strip on each side.
Near Cairo the valley widens, and the river
then spreads itMlf over a wide and level plain
of the Delta. It separates into branches, of
which there are now only two of any import-
ance,— the Rosetta and the Damietta branch.
The ancients, however, numbered seven mouths
br which this great river entered the sea.
The inundation of the Nile, caused by the
tropical rains, begins to be felt about the 17th
of June, and continnee till August, when the
river ii at its height, and all the level parts
of the country are overflowed. From its
■apposed source, including its windings, it
has a length of about 8000 miles, and is
the only Urge trc^ical river which, by its
periodical ioundations, fertilises a country en-
compassed in a great part of its course by
sandy deserts. These inundations have been
made the means of feeding canals constructed
by the Egyptians to distribute the water as
widely as possible over the country.
(JJ nl/, Indigo. Indigo grows without
cultivation on the banks of the Jordan, in
the country of Bisan, and only requires care
to make it of an excellent quality.
(^^mj NlMwahf Nineveh. A great and
&mous city of the ancient world, the capital
of the Assyrian empire, is supposed to have
stood on tne E. bank of the Tigris, opposite
to the modem dty of Mosul. It was, till
lately, supposed that its site was identical
with that of the village of Nunia, or Nebi
Tunes, containing the tomb of Jonah, about
three miles from the river, upon and sur-
rounded by vast heaps of ruins. LaU 86°
20' 17" N. Lon, 43° 10' 17" E. Other vast
mounds of ruins exist at Khorsabad, about
ten miles NN.E. from Nunia, and at Nimrad,
abont eighteen miles S., in the anrie formed
bv the junction of the greater Zab with the
llgris. It ii not possible to. say which of
these mounds may really represent the site of
the city. They appear to consist of the ruins
of palaces, or other great public buildings;
and may either have been within or beyond
the city walls, or may have been in different,
though contiguous, cities. It seems against all
probabiUty to suppose that Nimrud and
iLhorsabad were included in the same city.
Nineveh was the residence of the Anyrian
kings, and a city of such commercial import-
ance, that Nahum thus apostrophiies her:
^ Thou hast multiplied thy merchants above
the stars of heaven." ^iii 16.) She was be-
sieged and taken by Arbaces the Hede, in the
eighth century b.o. ; but it appears to have
bMu regarded as the capital of the Assyrian
empire aown to 612 b.o. nearly three centuries
after Jonah's prophecy of her destructioD»
when she fell« after a protracted si^e, into
the hands of Ahasnerus, or Cyaxares, Sing of
Media, who took ^ spoil of silver and gold,
and no end of store and glory out of all the
pleasant furniture," making her ** empty,
void, and waste." (Nahum li. 9, 10.) The
spoil was taken to Ecbatana, the citizens were
oispersed in villages, and the Assyrian empire,
which had for centuries been the glory of the
Eastern world, gave way to that of the Medes
and Persiaiis. It seems certain, howeveri
either that the city had not been wholly de-
stroyed,, or, which \b most probable, that a
new ai^d inferior city had, at a subsequent
period, grown out of the ruins of the more
ancient city. The supposed ruins, or mounds
opposite to Mosul, have the appearance of low,
abrupt hills, and have been long known to
contain bricks, entire as well as in fragments,
and pieces of gypsum, with inscriptions in the
wedge-formed character, closely resembling
those of Babylod. Within the last twenty
5 ears they have been partially explored by
^ Ir. Botta, and by Mr. Layard ; and their
investigations, especially those of Mr. Layard
at Nimrud, have been in the highest degree
interesting. What was supposed to be a
shapeless mass of earth and rubbiah has been
found to include the ruins of a royal palace
in nearly as good preservation as the remains
of Pompeii. It appears to have been of a
gigantic size, and nad been enriched with a
vast variety of sculptures, including winged
human-headed lions and bulls; statues of
monarchs, generals, and priests, and other
pieces in basto rdmot some representing war-
like achievements, and othras, scenes of peace-
ful life, executed with infinite spirit and^ on a
grand scale. This extraordinary diBinterment
of a royal residence, buried 2600 years ago,
while it illustrates some of the most import-
ant portions of sacred and profame history,
shows that the reports that have come down
to us of the wealth, greatness, and magnifi-
cence of the Assyrian monarchs, have not been
in any d^iree exaggerated. The walls and
portions 01 the statues are covered with cunei«
form inscriptions, and should means be found
of interpreting them, they will duclose a part
at least of the true history of the empire. The
palace of Nimrud appears to have been de-
z^^
(444)
ol
•trojed hj ib«, and the nmaiiis Ibmid m it
hare obnooflj beloni^ed to diffnrcBt epoehM,
the most remote extewliDg It fiv back, perbmp
M the 14th or I5th eentnry B.& Some of the
moet interestiii^ of the Ninerdi loilptBRB
are now lodged m the *" "'
^ fpowy The twenty-nxth letter of the
Anbie alphabet In arithmetic it denotes 6,
and in the Ephemerides it is tihe chaiaeter for
Friday, and tne sign libim.
^ tffa. In ooDstnictioii, has general] j the
power of— And, too, also; with, hy.
jttZi\j and IfJkSt^, And may there he
health, then fuewell (a formula of salutation
pat sometimea at the end of letters. i\^.
Bat, besides, etc. See )1. ^tj. By
God. ^Jaj&\ ^\^, By the great Ood.
iJ^Wta, Upon the whole. See J^^W.
^^, Bat. See ^. K.B. In most
instances J, as a conjunction, may be
constnxed hj and.
^\^ wdsik, Confiding, secure, depending
upon. Fimu solid.
i.;..^!^ vajib (pi. fern. UuL^-l^), Neces-
sary, expedient, proper, wortiiy, conrenient
Fit, right, due. 6 IjI^v,^-^!., Worthy
to be obeyed. J\l2>^'i\ c^^^t^ l^eces-
sary to be performed. ^^J\ ^^^^^j,
Deserring to be honoured or obeyed.
Ja:i\ «.-^c>-!j, Eespectable, worthy of
regard. JjLiSI V^|^> Deserving
death. c^^^IjIIj Necessarily, de-
servedly. lzjL^S^, Necessary things,
whateyer is proper, expedient, or reqnisite to
he done. ^Uj jj\ iZjL>-\^\ ^\, The
most necessary or important points relative to
religion.
>^\^ wdjid, An inventor, one who finds.
1^ wdhid (fern, iji^lj), One, sole.
^j;-jy J^\^, One or two. j-p^ ^
Jk>-1^, In one and the same place, in
one place. s^\j juu J^f^, One after
another. «x»^1a ^J^, Eveij one. \jk»^1^.
f.x».1y,0nehyone, separately, singlj.
CS^\^ iv^'j ^^h di^S J^!^
1^ w»,>.«..'y'lj. And his sister
said to him. Mention tiiem to me, for I know
them. He proceeded therefore to enumerate
them to her, one after anottier, and she said,
I approve not of this for my son ; nor will I
marry him, sare to her who is like him in
beauty, loveiimea, intelligenoe, religion, polite
aooomplishmenti, kindness of nature, dominion,
rank, and descent.
Q J^^ wadi^ Leaving, letting alone,
i^jlj wd<f!, A valley, any low-lying
ground. v<^y ^'^^ tcddi IfiUa\
Hit the Taller of Moses), is the site of Petra,
the £dom of the prophecies. When the exigen-
cies of commeroe required a situation better
suited than Karak for the collected population
and increased opulence of the Naoatei, the
appellaaon Petra was transferred to the Wadi
Musa, which place had before been known to
the Greeks bj the name Aroe (Am). When
the stream of commerce, which had enriched
the Nabataei, had partly reverted to its old
Egyptian channel, and nad partly taken the
new course, which maiie a Palm^ in the
midst of a country still more destitute of the
eommonest eilts of nature, Wadi Musa be-
came gradually depopulated, and ito inhabi-
tants returned to their natural state of divided
wanderers or small agricultural oommunitieB.
Its river, howeyer, and the intricate reoesses
of its rocky yalleys, still attract and give
security to a tribe of Arabs, who, nererue-
lesB, as if influenced by the prejudices of their
forefathers, interdict all approach to the
stranger. Indeed, until recently, the prohibi-
tion announced by Edom to Israel, **Thou
shalt not go through," seemed destiued never
to be removed. jy&\ v/O^j JFddl al
Ohor, The Valley of Ohor. This valley is
continued to the south of the Dead bea.
About sixteen 'hours' distance from the ex-
tremity of the Bead Sea, its name is changed
into that of Araba, and it runs in almoet a
straight line, declining somewhat to the west,
as far as Akaba, at the extremity of the
eastern branch of the fied Sea. The exiitence
of this valley appean to have been unknown
to ancient as weU as to modem geographers,
although it is a very remarkable feature in
the geography of Syria, and Arabia Petnui
jV
(445)
(>S
and 18 still more interesting for its produc-
tions. In this valley manna is still foond;
it drops from the sprigs of several trees, but
principally from the Gharrub. It is collected
oy the ArabSf who make cakes of it, and who
eat it with butter : they call it Assal Beyrok,
or the honey of Beyruk. Indigo, gum-arabic,
and.the silk-tree — called Asheyr, whose fruit
incloees a white silky substance, frt>m which the
Arabs twist their matches — grow in this valley.
It is inhabited near the D^ Sea in summer
time by a few Bedouin peasants ; but during
the winter months it becomes the meeting-
place of upwards of a dozen powerful Arab
tribes. It is probable that the trade between
Jerusalem and the Bed Sea was carried on
through this valley. The caravan, loaded at
Esion-Geber with the treasures of Ophir,
mighty after a march of six or seven days,
deposit its load in the warehouses of Solomon.
TMs valley deserves to be thoroughly known ;
its examination will lead to many interesting
discoveries, and would be one of the most
important objects of a Palestine explorer.
^\ ^J\j JFddl al MM, " The
Valley of Salt." About eighteen miles to the
south-east of Aleppo is the Valley of Salt, or
the Salt Lake, from whence all K'orth Syria
is supplied with salt^ The valley, which is
about five miles long, and between two and
three miles broad, is partly skirted by a chain
of low rocky hills, bnt stretches out on the
other sides towards the Desert as far as
the eye can reach. The rains which fall
during the winter months, and the river Dahab
(or the Golden River), together with the little
temporary torrents which descend from the
bordering hills, join with the springs rising
in the valley itself, and form a shallow but
very extensive lake, the water of which being
exhaled by slow evaporation in summer, the
salt separated from the soil beneath is left
crystalUzed on the surface, forming a crust on
the valley, varying in thickness from one to
two inches. In the month of August it is
collected, and put into sacks, and conveyed to
the village of j abbul, to be kept in magazines
till the period of sale. This Valley of Salt
is mentioned in the Bible : *' And David gat
him a name when he returned from smiting of
the Syrians, in the Valley of Salt, being
whteen thousand men." f2 Samuel viii. 13.)
There is another Valley of Salt, near Palmyra,
which is supposed to m the one mentioned in
Samael. Uu jlS 4^jtj W&dl Kadisha,
The Valley of the river Kaifisha, which river
is called now ^Ia ^^ji^ f^hr aha ^l,
which divides Tripoli into two parts. This
valley is deep, very luxuriant in vegetation,
and rich in scenery of the most picturesque
description. It is altogether one of the most
agreeable panoramic views in Syria, as it is also
one of the most favourite places of resort with
the inhabitants of Tripoli, on their respectiTe
Sabbaths and feast-days. Jy[ J^ v/^l?
JFadt Kandll (lit. the Valley of the Lamp|
is between Antioch and Latakia, a delightful
and charming valley; its sides are clothed
with forest-trees of every kind.
)j\^ wdris (pi. ijjij), An heir, c: ^ ,« y^
j^s^ ^l^U ijj\^ xJju Uilkr^^
wonder at the fool who leaves behind him to
his heirs whatever gains he has accumulated.
They gather Us goods together, and then shed
at his tomb apparent tears, behind which lurks
the joy of the heart
i}j\^ wdrid, part. Coming, arriving,
approaching, joining.
^\\^ tpdzin, (Money) of just weight.
Weighty, ponderous, weighing justly.
i!^\^ wantahf Instrumentality. A me-
dium, a means. Intervention, mediation.
«^lj tDdsi^ Ample, large, capacious,
spacious. ^)«ai!t ^^^^t Of enlarged
beneficence. j^\ cl^ J c->U IJ^Jj
•^1 2-^^^f> And we entered his
avilion, and found in it a wide, open space,
ike a wide, large court.
^^^^ wdshi (fern. i^J^^^), A whisperer,
" slanderer, an informer.
i^^Aa\^ icdatf, A praiser, a describer.
^^^ tadsil, part. Joined, connected,
coupled. Arrived, met. One who joins, meets,
arrives.
^•tftj todsi (fem. <U<0|^)> A testator.
^\^ wddih (fem. pi. iljU-^l^), Evi-
dent, manifest, clear, undoubted. ^
isf^\^f An evident proof, an undeni-
able argument. c:.^lsr^|^. Evidences,
things incontrovertible, j^^-^ ^^ ^\^
d^lJ wddih mifh ^yin ndteh, Self-
evident, c:.^ (iXj^Ll^JdU l::^^! ^^
* JLJUI Jiobb ^jIJ Xi *C/jJii
JUi j^ * l^\^\ cir^Ub ^^joiJ^
-/"'
J^J
(446)
"ii
«* «•
• issr\J\j I And Bhonld my life be pro-
longed after tboa art no more (bat may it
neTer be mine to taste thy leas), I will
practise the good maxims wnicb tbon hast
taught me, and follow the example of thy
distmguisbed excellence ; so that mexr may
say, ** How is this night like yesterday's, and
how the morning cloud resembles the clond of
the eyening ! "
c\^ wddi^, part. Placing, establishing.
One who establishes. ^yUSf t^l^
(or (jM^QI t^l?)' -^ legislator.
tXclj wd^id (fern, ij^^j), Promising.
loe ^j iod^iZf A preacher, a monitor.
i^\^ wd^tyat, (A woman) retaining
anything by memory. Attentiye.
Jjlj todjld, Arriving.
ji\j todfir, Abundant, plentiful, copions ;
much, many; rich, opulent \js\^
wdjiran, Sufficiently, enough. ^^jS^
a species of verse. <Uu Jj ^\ ^ uuJl^
i^l ^ iiJU • JuJ\j ^\ ^
And he had a daughter of surprising beauty
and loyeliness, surpassing in elegance and in
eyery grace, endowed with abundant sense,
and eminent polite accomplishments.
ci^^ wdfl (fem. iffs\^), Sincere, honour-
able, faithfdl to promises or engagements.
Complete, perfect, entire, full (weight). Plen-
tiful, copious, numerous, many. Ui!^
wajiyan. Fully, completely.
^\^ iodki^j Falliug ; befalling, hap-
pening, arriring, occurring, interyening.
JWl ^t^. The state of the case, the
thing as it happened. \mj\^, In fact,
really, happening thus. ^\^\j^\,
The falling yulture, i.e. The constellation of
the Lyre. ^^^^ A transitive verb
in the Kufio dialect. (iCll^^Jx^Jl.
wakif^ ^alayih eth thakf Suspected, suspicious.
£et^ wdki^at, An accident, a misfortune.
A battle, encounter, conflict
culiulj tpdki^t, Accidents, events.
ut^ wdkif, Standing, stopping, re-
maining, staying. Eipert, skilful, learned,
intelligent, yers^ in, experienced. A testator,
one who leayes anything by last will.
*i\^ wa iUd, But, yet, still, however,
neyertheless, notwithstanding; unlets. If not,
otherwise.
J^Wl^ to'Mdnl, Upon the whole.
jJl^ iodlid, A father. ^^oJlj and ^;£ jJ|;»
Parents. [The queen mother.
i^\^ wdlidai, A mother. ^UaLJ^ i*^^^,
iSi\j w'allahh By God. Ji^l s5i\^
fjiJ^\ By the favour and assistance
of God (placed after the exordium or preface
of a book; ss praying for Diyine aid in
fimshing the work). [proyinoe.
^1^ wdh, A prince, a governor of a
i^^\^ wdwl, A kind of fox, which is so
called in Syria in imitation of its howl ; and
in Egypt called dib, or ufolf. The wftwfs go
in drofes, and freouent the enyirons of we
towns, where they reed on what carrion they
can find. They neyer attack anybody, but
are always ready to save themseWes by flight.
£yery evening they seem to giye each oUier
the watchword to berin howling, and their
cries, which are yery doleful, sometimes last a
quarter of an hour.
i\j tDdh or Ijbtj (An interjection of ad-
miration), 0! wonderful! excellent! \^\j
^Ji^l L« ^ tpdhd lahu md atyahahu, O
how excellent it is ! (Also an inteijection of
pain). Oh ! alas! ^Uj!^ cJl J Jl£ \i|^
Ah! how delightful was that time and its
sweetness ! the days when I was at ease firom
all aniieties !
Li^^Jbl^ tpdhih and ^Ub^^, A giver, one
who bestows. Liberal, generous, monifieent.
J^jll i^^St>\^, The giver of existence ;
JU2II ^m^\^9 The granter of desires ;
and CL>U-l«ll c--%a'j, The,be8tower
of necessaries, t.c. God.
Mlb\^ wdhim, Thinking, imagining, being
of opinion. Fearing, doubting, (ancying.
iAJb\ji\ iydl alkuwat al wdhimah, The
creatiye faculty of the imagination.
J^^^ wdhl (fem. ^Ljt\^), Easily loosed,
diaiBolyed, or broken.
bj wahd^ The plague, pestilence, or any
epidemical disease.
Jbj wahdl^ Destruction, ruin, perdition.
UlI
. * i\)^, No longer attempt to beguile
me ; for tbou wilt not attain ihj object. What
thoa seekest from me is impoanble ; thoa bast
■ovn ; and reap, then, Texation, and final de-
etr action.
j^ wahar, The hair or wool of camels,
goata, bares, or other animala of a toft kind.
yi^\ Jjb\, The Komades, or wild Arabs
(becanae they lire in tente of goats' hair, in
oontradistioction to jSa^\ ^\, The
Arabians who dwell in towns).
jJ^ watad, A pile or stake driven into
Uie ffronnd. A tent per. a stake. Name of
two Kinds of elements wnich eo to the forma-
tion of a foot in Arabic prosody.
y^ waiar (pi. J^^)f The string of a
bow or harp, also a string by which a bow is
hang np. The diameter of a rectangular
fi^^ore, the hypothennse of a riffht-angled
triangle, the side of a triangle which sabtendi
an angle.
p^ toiir, A special volantary prayer per-
formed in addition to the fire canonical.
9jmj^ watire, A road, pathway ; a mode,
manner.
^b^ ufUah, A rope for tying animals. A
ligature, chain, rope, or any fastening. A pact,
compact
J;jU^ wasdyik fpl. of ^J^^ wasliah),
Tmstworthy things. Assurances, securities;
letters, documents.
CL>IJ^ tCMobdt, Assaults, irruptions.
^^ woBoka, He confided in. To con-
fide, to have confidence. uL^\ (^tjUli
(447)
U
n
l|Lij^ V^^y ^ when the king saw
what she did to him, his love for ber increased,
and his desire for ber became violent He
imagined that she was enamoured of him, and
he confided in her, and proceeded to embrace
her and to kin her.
^Jj^ WMon, An idol, ^^j , An idolater,
a pagan. [upon.
j(y^ woM&k, Confidence, dependence
^jJ^ waaik, Pirm, solid, constant. J^fc
(J^^t A firm confederacy, ^a^^ ^,
The decree of a jndge.
Ja^^ taoMat, Confidence, faith. A con-
federacy, compact, treaty, promise, engage-
ment A letter, writing, obligation.
Jcf-^ wufd or wafd, Discovering, pro-
curiiu^, finding, reoorering (anything lost or
searched for) . Being transported, in an ecstaoy
of love. Ecstacy, excessive loye. \y\j\
j\JaJi\jc^ ij^U^ ly b, They excited
loTC in my heart, and departed; and tar
distant hath their abode become. Reason
foFMok me when they withdrew, and sleep
and patience abandoned me.
^^j waja^, Disease, pain, affliction.
Complaint, mourning. ^3*^UJ\ t-^J»
The rheumatism. ^/^Ui 7-^) ^^'^^
errdif Theheadache. (jmjA\ %^^ sx^
fjndoh wafaf^ addtrsy He has a toothache.
JuCS\ ^9-j ^ l/^^ yoihiaH min
fcty'af^ al kibd. He has a liver complaint
Js*-^ toafl, Fear, terror, apprehension.
i^^ wafnat (pi. d^lisj-^), A cheek.
im^^^umjub, Necessity, obligation,duty.
J^^ wufud, Invention. Existence, sub-
stance, essence. cJUmi ^ c^l^L«
♦ J^yi mS.^ U^'' ^® ^^ missed
not who gave thee the name of Delieht of the
World. 0 thon who art possessea of both
delight and liberality ! 0 thon whose counte-
nance surpasses in beauty the full moon, and
whose fiicediffuseslightoTer all existing beings.
j-j wc^h (pi. 9j>'^), The face, visage,
aspect, countenance. Effigies, presence, ap-
pearance, shape, semblance, surface. The front
or anterior part of anything. A mode, manner,
reason, ratio, method. ^i\ ^Xs-
ji^S^\, According to the mode. \^^
'yr^^ cT*' ^^ ^^ shape, if^^t The
chiefs (of a country, city, society.) ^
*^^' J^» ^^ o^cry shape, entirely,
every way. Jlaj ^ ^jLp ^Jb 'Ur*
(448)
\J.
Jt^\^JsJi\ L^Jj^ VjO, Then there
came to them a crier, after they were buried,
saying : Where are the thrones, crowns, and
apparel P Where are the faces which were
veiled and curtained, and on which, for their
beauty, proverbs were composed f
tpajli, Epitomized. J::^^ /«^y A
short nervous discourse. [patient.
«^^j wajl^f Pained, bearing pain,
^U>>^ icaflh, Of a noble presence; re-
spectable, 4igiufied (man).
^U-j ioah&m, The longing of a pregnant
woman for any particular food.
- • wahad or wahid^ Sole, alone, sepa-
rated, unique, incomparable. vj:^\
vl/jk^-^ anta tpahduka, Thou alone.
SS^^ yb htL tpahduhu, He only. ^
ifS»^^ lahu tcahduhu, To him singlj.
^tX>-j j^ lahum wahduhum. To them
only. L::..^^ir ij:^^! Ul ijt^fT c^' (^
JUjl L/^» "^^^^ Joharah, awaking
from sleep, was informed that her father was
taken a captive, and that his guards had been
slain. So she went forth from the palace, and
fled, alone by herself, to one of the islands.
i^\s^^ wahdani, Pertaining to the unity
"of God.
Zj\j^^^^ wahdantyat, Unity, singularity.
The divine quality of being one only Ood.
is>-y wahddt, Being single, alone, or
solitary. Unity. A solitude.
^jJuL^-^ waJuh (pi. ^^^)> -A. wild beast,
a fierce, untamed animal.
iJL>^^ ioaJuhat, Pear, dread, terror,
horror. Wildness, fierceness. Sadness, soli-
tariness. Desolation caused by -the absence of
lo^erswhomwemiss. c:>.^uevjliL::,J^j
iJL^P *
* ^OyJU ^\j\ ^\ il\ ^1 ^, Thou
hast gone, and made the house and those who
inhabit it desolate. Thou hast rendered my
clear draughts turbid. Thou wast my aid in
every adversity, and my honour and glory
among men, and my great reliance. Cancelled
be the day whereon thou wast taken from
my sight, until I see thee return to me !
^J^*»-^ washl (fern. ^LJtv>-^), Wild (man
or beast). Fierce, savage, rude, untractable,
uncivil. One wild beast or savage.
Jl>.j ioahal, Black tough clay; a marsh;
mad, mire, j^ ^}^^j^\ cJ^ ^-Lc
^la* tarafannahr umhl katTr, There is much
mud on the river side.
iri^^ tpuhuah, Wild beasts. Sav^ages.
_»^^ wahy, Eevelation^any thing (divine)
suggested, inspired, or revealed (by vision or
otherwise). (JIjj t^^* Divine reve-
lation.
Ju».^t(7aAl<2(fem. iiju»-^). Alone, unique.
Single. ^jJI Ju>.^, The phosnix of
the age.
(t^j wakhlm, Noxious and unhealthy.
Jj wid and J^J^ waddd, A friendly and
affectionate attachment. j1 Jjl ^ cli>Lf>- \^
jlarHI (JL^lUU^j, The duties and
relations of friendship and amity. ^
Be ready to return to friendship, and be not so
obstinate in being so rancorous. Enow that
he who delivereth a soul from destruction has
saved it alive, and he who saveth a soul alive
is as if he had saved the lives of all mankind.
^Ijj wada^, Farewell. ^J^\ 5;Uj
ziyarai ul wadaf^ The visit of taking leave
before leaving the country. The visit of wish-
ing farewell. *if^^Uljj Jl^(.lCc^J^
11
* >^:^1> Bidding thee farewell is like
CJ3
(449)
^JJ
Viddiog life ^newell, and die lorn of fhee li
like the loss of the zeph jr ! Thine aheenoe is
like a fire that hnmeth mj heart, and in thy
preaenoe I enjoy the Gaiden of Delight !
^\j^ wadd^at. Being quiet, mild, placid.
HildnesB, meekneiL
^ J^ waddyi^ (pL of ^«>^), Deposits.
TnutB, things oomndtted to one'i keeping.
c J^ wad^ To commit anything to the
keeping of another as a depont ; to deposit.
Uj|^ wuda^ (pi. of ^4>^)y Mild, meek.
ZcJ« wad^i (pi. cl^Uj^), a kind of
shell commonly called the concha Teneris,
used in smoothing paper, cloth, etc. ; also a
small white shell (nnng roand the necks of
children, cattle, etc., as a defence against
fascination).
J« J^ wadud. Loving, friendly, affection-
ate. JjJjIt dL^\, The affectionate
king, •'.«. God.
^ J^ icadt^, Qoiet, placid, mOd, tame ;
well broke, manageable.
^ J^ wadi^tf A deposit, trnst, whatever
is committed to another's charge. Subjects
(as committed to the charge of the king).
\j^ uHird^ What is behind. '\j^ ^,
Behind, on the hinder part ji^^*]j}^f
The ^ country beyond the river, ue. Trans-
ozania, Tartary, or Toran beyond the Oxus.
4jt^^ tcirdiah, The inheriting, entering
into possession of an inheritance ; an inheri-
tance.
t^j^ warhj Transverse, obliqae.
U;^ tcarasd and Zjj^ waritat (pi. of v^i^
tcarii), Heirs.
ijjj^ taardat, One rose. J;^ col. Bose.
i^J;^ wardl, Bosj.
(^j>^ war$, Saffron ; also a plant like the
sesame, pecnliar to Arabia Felix. -
4i,^ wariat, A precipice, a labyrinth.
Any danger or difficulty in which one is em-
barrasseol
9f^ tparac, Scmpnlousness, apprehen-
sion of doin^ wrong. The fear of Ood,
temperance, chastity.
^j^ waral, A leaf of a tree or of paper.
i^^'Ji] J) d^ji^ JL«i sattar wardkah
tumma oktob, Bule your paper, then write.
kJ (J-A (J (j^ cr^j ^3 izxv c^
Were I to enlain the bnmings I am under-
going, and the sickness and ecstasy of lore,
and iwlpitation, neither paper nor pen would
remain upon the earth, nor ink, nor a scrap
upon which to write.
iJj^ waraiatf One lea£ A letter, billet,
schedule, paper. [(skin).
Aji^ waram, Swelling, becoming inflated
^l«;j warmdn, Swollen.
Jjiji* wur&dy Arrival, coming.
vjT;^ wara\ Men, mortals. ^ ^J^^j^
Am«^\ ^ j»»*6^\ ^^f The worst of
men is he whose CTcry to-day is worse than
his CTery yesterday.
c^*^^ warih, Anything preponderating,
as the load on one side of a horse. A part
of anything, especiallT prominent or project-
ing. Crooked, cunreo.
Slj^warid (and Jj tjlf |J;»9^),The jagnlar
veins on each side of the neck.
^j^ wari^ Abstinent, continent.
»j^ waasa (col. j^), A goose.
ij\j^ fohdrat or wa%dratf The dignity
of vizir, minister, or privy counsellor.
l/*^^ if^lj^'. The office of prime
minister or grand vizir.
jj^ wi%r, A crime, sin, fanlt. A harden,
a load, anything heavy or oppressive.
\jj^ unuard{'pl. of^ U), Vizirs, jJrivy conn-
sellers, ministers of state. /^^^iJ^jJ^
Illustrious vizirs, endowed with honour, and
magnificent vicegerents of exalted dignity
(titles given to ministers of state).
^Jj wasHf Weight, measure. Metre.
djj^ waxnat or icmnah, A weight. A
talent, a shekel. A certain measure, a mode
of weighing.
jU tcazlr or vatlr, A vizir, a counsellor
of state, minister, a vicegerent, or lieutenant
of the king. fiaci\jij^\, The grand
vizir, the prime minister. ^ if
29
cr!J
(450)
And he informed him that he had two daughters
and a Bon. And the King sent for them, and
caused them to 06me, and married one of the
daughters, and the otiier hemarried to the vizir.
IFjLc* wUdda (pi. JjLj^)y A cushion,
pillow, couch or day-hed.
^Lc^ wasdiai, Mediation, intercession.
Mediocrity in point of quality.
^^\^^tpaidwis, Fears, alarms, anxieties.
Eyil suggestions, infernal whisperings. The
temptations of the derfl.
^L:^ wmayU (pi. of <lL^), Causes.
Pretexts, excuses. Means, oocarion (for doing
something). [Nastiness.
^j waaakh, Being dirty (garment).
la^^ fcasat, The middle, the centre.
Centrical. Anything of a middling sort
i2.ij^l^. In the middle. liLuJlla^^,
In the middle of winter. \aJJ\ )a^^,
The ecliptic.
_k^ unt8ta\ Middle. Middling.
^j wu8^, Growing large, ample, pa-
tent, obvious. Ability, capacity, capability.
\^^^'i\ lliJ M Uliii h, But if I
be unable to perform thy want, God imposes
not upon a pexvon aught sare what he ii able
to aocompliBh.
iju^^ tomcat, Latitude, amplitude, spa-
doUsness. Conyenience, opportunity, ease.
iS!Ujk3 HLmW ^««mJ UJlc 0^*^-\ ^^^
And if he allege as a pretext to us the extent
of his dominions, the kingdom of the son of
our sister is more extensiTe than his kingdom,
and has more numerous troops and aides-de-
camps ; for his kingdom is greater than the
kingdom of her father.
Jh^ wask, To load a ship, to charge a
Tessel. iuL)^ icaskat, Cargo.
wj tcoifn, Marking with a hot iron (man
or beast).
i^^ iotsmat, A mark ; making a mark.
^i^ wattn. Drowsy, sleepy. Wiasan,
Slumbeiing,beginningto sleep. Slumber, sleep.
i^Iamm woiw&s and ^y^^, Temptation
of the deyil, insanity, distraction of mind,
melancholy. Siqierstition. Saq»iaousnew.
Mistrust.
Vij-^ woiit (pL Ua^iSj), A mediator.
ilurf^ woiilat (pi. JjLij), Propinquity.
affinity. A cause, occasion, conjecture. ^ A
means, a fiivourable conjuncture, oj^rtunity,
pretext or exenae (for doing something).
j^^i^ wMlm (fern. <U«.<»j), Beautiful,
handsome, elegant. [whisperera.
iU^ vmhat (pL of ^\^), Spies,
Aja^ iciihdhf A girdle, belt, zone,baldrick.
iLi^ woihayatf Playing the spy, whis-
perer, informer, accuser.
fjJU^woihakfi^^ ammoniac. Assafodtida.
^^WMhl, Painting, embroidering, dye-
"ing (cloth). Lying, colouring a story with
falsehoods.
i^Wi wMBdfy One who describes or
praiaes.
J Lrj «7«a J, Meeting, interview, tiU-d'
tiu with one's beloved. Joining, conjunetioD,
enjoyment of any desired object. Attainment,
fruition; collection. Uniting in friendahip,
society, or coi^ederacy. Being annexed, con-
nected, adhering. JU^sJU l^j iii\ \cj
* *i^ JjJuJ\j SU- J-tfj!^ ^, God
guard a face that is veiled with lovelinees.
The full moon is its slave, and the stan are
its servants. In beauty, I have never beheld
her equal ; and from her motions the branches
might learn to wave. I beg, without imposing
on yourself a trouble, that you will pay us a
Tisit, to which we attach the greatest Talue.
1 give you my soul, perhaps you will accept
it; for to me union will be Paiadiae, and
ayeision will be hell !
\j\^j wiuayd (pL of ^^)9 Precepts,
commandments. Testaments. \j}^}
^1, The commands of God. The
decalogue.
lJ^ woiff Description, narrative, ex-
y^i
(451)
J'i
enoomium. An
presBion of qualitieB, pniie, enoomii
attribute, epithet, quality, property.
^^ wasl (or iLaj)f Conjunotion, attach-
ment, enjopient of the Moiety of friends;
whateyer joinB or oonplea. ([Gonjanction.
^d«0j tputlah, A piece of wood ; a Beotion.
^Litfj watil, Copalative, oonjanotive.
(Jy^^ wiuul, Arriyal. ^^jll i^»^f On
his arriyal, when he arrives. Jl>-j^ \ J^^
l^ ^U^ J^J\ ^JL^^j^^j^
f^\i^\, When behold, a man came
forth from beneath the earth, and he called
to me and pursued me, and said to me, Who
art t^ou, and whence hast thou come, and
what is the cause of thine arriTal in this place P
^^j wiUi, An ezecntor, a guardian, a
" tutor (of children or pupils).
7^ iOtuHyat (pi. l^l^j), A precept, man-
date, command. A last will or testament.
The following are the five commandments nven
by Noor«ed-lkn to his son Hasan Bedr-ed-Din :
JUUI ^U ^ ^ JluJ 1 j^I^UjJ
JJJJ, LJl ^^.^ yUrX^ iJjjill ^
^^^, Be not familiar with any one,
and thus thou wilt not be subject to any one's
mischief; for retirement is security. Do not
associate with womankind, and neyer trust
them. y>^\j^^.X^1 ^^j^i
iXAf^ cl^ liy (jd^ U.^1^,Hateno
maut and oppress none, lest fortune oppress
thee, as in this world fortune ii one day for
thee, and another day against thee. Eyeiy-
thing on this earth is debt and repayment, for
and against thee. Jxl11jl:l^4mJ1 Aji\
^ JJ ^ ^Ul <^^ ^ C^f^
^i^bjUjlarc:«v«MdS\ /^yAoonstom
thyself to taciturnity; occupy thyself with
thine own defects, that thou mayest avoid
noticing those of other people. It is said
that security and safety consist in taciturnity.
jaJ^S c-^^ ^^ jixJ\ j«xJ1, Beware
of drinkin|^ wine, for it is the source of every
kind of mischief! Wine makes any one lose
Ids intellectual faculties. Beware I beware of
drinking wine! uXlU ^ ^^JJ^lJ
JLJ\^, 0 my son, have care over thy
wealth, and thy wealth will have oare of thee ;
ance of the least of mankind. Have care
then of thy money, as money is the ointment
which cures and heals all diseases and in-
firmities, [friend.
Jmm0j fTotf/ (fem. ^lL^j), An intimate
wJjf9iii^(pl. ^^j\). Situation, posi-
tion, imposition, disposition, condition, state,
gesture, action, conduct, mode of living or
acting, op6rati9n, performance, procedure. To
place or ky down upon ; to establish or lay a
foundation. To deposit anything with another
to keep.
^j toadu, A sacred ablation.
^yfij wuduh, Clearness, plainness, hejng
evident, manifest [base, low.
^^j fvadi^t Ignoble, plebeian, mean,
JjlLj fraMyiii,Thefoandations (of a house)
jJ^j waiad, Establishing, confirming,
joining, consoydating.
^Jb^ uHttan (pL (^Itj'), A country, a
dwelling, residence, abode, wherever one lives,
natiira or not. Home. ^;^^f ^..^'w
^^UjJI ^, The love of one's country
is an article of religion. ^U^! iV^
*-^> cr« iJ?^ cK </ ^^'. The
wise and learned do not obtain hoUoor by
staying at home ; leave, therefore, thy native
country, and go abroad. Were it not for the
ocoultations of the moon, the eye of the
observer would never watch her constancy.
l^fj^ watwdtf A bat, a rere-mouse.
^^ (for 't^) waty, Treading under
foot Haying oamal connexion with a female.
u.
(458)
jJsTj wattdf Pirm, fixed.
4^l]cp^ wat&yif (pi. of ^^i^j)^ Public
employments.
2i^^wa%\faty K^irsixm^ Btipend, salary,
soldier's pay, an allowance of provisions.
Uj iri^d (pi. of ^jf)> A Bheathy re-
pository, place where anytiiing is laid np.
tXc* wa^y Promising, augiiriDg or prog-
. A" ^
nosticating^^ if^\ Jic ^j/*^tir*'^^
^ >. M.I t^a^tfoft mtn ghaylr wafa ^add-
watun min ghaylr tdbab. To promise and per-
form not absolutely is to torn friends into
enemies.
iss,^ wa^dat, A promise, a vow. Any
determined, appointed, or certain time or term.
jC^ tpa^ar, Being rongh, difficult to as-
cend (a mountain or other broken ground).
Bocky, unequal, uneyen. Narrow, confined.
]azj wa^, Advice, exhortation, admoni-
tion, a sermon, oration. To preach, to advise.
c:..^^.r. UbJ kc^l , Full oft events have
rQused thee, but thou hast sought to slumber.
Preaching has drawn thee, but thou hast been
refractory. [to ascend.
jyz^ um^Ur, (A mountain) being difficult
^cj wa^f/f Preserving, collecting, treasur-
" ing, or laying up ; custody, preservation.
1X0^^ ica^id, Threatening, predicting any-
thLigbad.
^ Uj wafd, Performance of a promise, an
observation of ^^d faith, sincerity. A suffi-
ciency, completing or filling up. Fidelity to
an engagement, to a requirement, to a
debt To act with fidelity and gratitude.
J jcjt4J '^y^ <J^^> ^ood faith has
failed, and perfidy become abundant, and wide
has become the difference between promises
and ^rformances. The falsehood of the
world is put to shame by its veracity ; for how
shall the crooked be in accordance with the
straight P
Slij wa/dt, Death, decrease.
^li^ mfdk, Consent, assent, agreement,
concord, harmony, conformity.
ij wafr, Becoming full, complete, entire,
numerous, copious, abundant. Filling, com-
pleting, making plentiful. Plenty, abundance;
afliuenoe, opulence. Wafir, Full, complete, etc.
ij3j toafrat, Plenty, abundance.
^j wa/lt, Accordance. A kind of charm,
consisting of a prayer or similar formula,
spoken or written, and believed to have the
virtue of curing.
Jyj tpufud, Coming, arrival.
J Jj umfur, Pull, complete, copious. A
multitude, plenty, abundance, jy^
L/^!il? l5'*^ Uwu/Hr hdml war a-
wnatiy On account of the excess of my pru-
dence and gravity.
^^ wafX (fem. ^j waf%ydk\ Ample,
" sufficient, abundant.
(j^^ toafikf A companion, a Mend.
ls>^\Sj wahdhatf Impudence, arrogance,
audacity.
jljj wakdr, Modesty, mildness. <^d.« ybj
jl»»lj j£^ , And he was of handsome
form, comely in countenance, with an aspect
of gravity, aignity, majesty, and stateUness.
Llij wihdyat, Sheltering, shielding, pro-
tecting. Protection. Custody, gaardianship.
vjlij wakdyi^ (pi. of ^^aJj wakl^ah).
Events. Accidents. Batties.
3j wakt, Time. ^JiJ^ tpakti, Tern*
porary. l^ ^.oli^ll v^i^^b hilwaJUul
mundsibf In proper time, /•yil (^
waktunnaunn, Bed time, jj^^ <^
wait tdfutUr, Breakfast time.
\jJi\ ioakt ul yhadd, Dinnertime, i^
lujJI waktul ^ashd, Supper time, c:
»^JlA\ wakt'US-iolilh, Prayer time.
Ci>l3jltt ^^^ ha^fdawkdtf Sometimes.
\ijb Ucjj _i /f waktind hazd, In our
'J
'J
present time. *x>-1^ t^J jV f^ w^m
tadhid, At the same time. <^r^j iJ
CL.?Uj)li ^ /f icaktin mm al awkdt,
At one time, (j^j* l«xCib ^fl hakaxd
yy
(458)
^h
waJU, At Buch a time. cuJjll \jJb ^J
fi hoidl wakty At this time. JuJ
is3^ hahl waktahu, Before one's time.
dsj^ Juu ha^ waktahu, Behind one's
time. (Ji^\jJi\j^jAJ himurartd awkdt,
By length of time, l::^^ ^^^^ cT^
min foaktin la wakt, From one time to another.
JuiJj waktaynm, Immediately, then.
^^ iodkah, Hard (hoof). Impudent, im-
modest, shameleea.
jjj foakd, Jyj waMdf Lighting (a fire).
Pire, the heat of fire. Fnel for fire.
^^ toaka^ Falling into or oat of a
place. Aa^c CL^byti^ ci ^^j waka^na
ft Bo^uhat ^azlmah, We hare fallen into
great difficnltiea.
mm
<U3^ waia^at, One accident. A hattle,
comhati engagement. Contingency, occurrence.
wakft Standing, stopping, staying.
Bemaining in the same place. Making a
pause in reading. Bequeathing for pious uses
(as habitations for the poor, ana books for the
use of learned men). Settling any property
in mortmain or in tail with remainder m mort-
main. (PL i^li^l awkdf), Any piece
of property so settied. )0^j/Lyj^i^M^
walrfghayr nuuhrut. Mortmain.
JUa3j wakfiyah, The deed of settiement
in mortmain.
j^^ wakur, OteLYe, majestic. Prndent
(man) ; modest, excellent (woman).
^yj waku^, Happening, to happen, to
come to pass, to fall down. An accident, con-
tingency, occurrence, event. jOU
cyj)l, Happening seldom. To fall down
in walking, to fall in a pit. S JLLi
if 0, answered he, by him who cast thee into
this pit ; but I wept for the length of thy
past ufe, and in my regret at thy not hanng
mllen into this pit before the present day.
Hadst thou fallen into it before I met wi&
thee, I had e3q)erienced rest and ease ; but
thou hast been spared to the expiration of
thy decreed term imd fixed period.
(^y^ umkaff Staying, halting, pausing,
standing, stopping. Experience, knowledge,
information, practice.
_ij icakl, Taking care of, preserving,
* protecting, keeping oneself or garments clean.
Safe from injury or defilement. ^l3j
^\, May God preserre or protect him !
^j wukayat, An ounce.
^jLi^walA^t, An accident, action, battie,
combat, engagement
JDl^j wakdlat, Yicegerency, being an
administrator,sub6titute,agent,plenipotentiary.
^ iffikr (pl.^l^^), A bird's nest on a rock.
ir^ ^ ^ W > ^ °^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ attain
(his desires) in his own country ; just as a
hawk catches no prey in its own nest.
^^ wakkalf Entrusting one's affiEors to
another.
1^^ ioukald (pi. of ^M!?), Lieutenants,
▼ioQgerenta, deputies, ministers, commissaries,
delegates. ^jjij^\i^^, The plenipo-
tentiaries of both sides.
J^ waJtfl, An agent, deputy, vice-
gerent, lieutenant, oommissary, factor, adminis-
trator, representative. jJJa^ iJi^^t
A plenipotentiary, a procurator general, an
absolute vicegerent, r^j^^ (J^^f ^^
master of a house, a host, a proTeditor.
\^ji\ i^jf An advocate, counsellor,
proctor, agent, or attomey-at-law. Jjb
yb ^ ^L^^ i^jMj hal ta^rif wakllok
man hu. Do you know who is his agent ?
Sij wuldt (pi. of ^^^)» Oovemors, presi-
dents, judges.
iSi^ icHddai, Nativity, a birth-day;
cUldbirth, generation, procreation ; begetting
children.
i^^ wdldyat (pi. Ll.'blfj), An inhabited
country, dominion^ district. Jurisdiction,
goyemment, dominion.
Jl
(454)
jjj walad, A son, offipring. Ji^\, Sons.
^lijJj ^jli, Such a one, the son of
such a one. ^;«>|^i A bastard. ^^
Who is that boy ? d^Lfajljlili
JU c^oJ^ ^;li V^ I And if I see her
to be Boitable to him, I will demand her in
marriage of her father, though I expend upon
her all that my hand {raeseeses. Aoaoaint me,
therefore, with her, and fear not augnt, for my
•on IB asleep.
^^^ walaa (and ^UJ^)i Perfidy, fraud.
^j wala^ (or ^^^)> Desiring eagerly ;
dedicated to, intent upon. (jmUI! ^^\
*^)\ I%Um!1 Jl t^Uj, Men are
prone to extol the ancients, and to find fanlt
with the modem, without occasion of blame ;
the only reason for this bein^ that they enry
the lining,
ing bones.
the lining, and indine
IS beinf
topre£
ermeremottlder-
^^j wa lakin, And but, nevertheless,
^j fffolaw, At least ; and if, although,
^jl^ itndiLj\ Cre^ing into a hole, flying
to a den. ^^.^^^^ f^^ ^^ c^^iry
a a •• i ~
^»^Jji ^UuE^y'Then I penetrated into
the densest of the crowd, to know what was
bringing forth their tears.
6^j wtdA^, Desire, avidity. See ^y
ia^^ icaitealatf Howling, lamenting, cry-
ing. A tomnlt, noise, cooftised nunour.
^^ wall, An intimate friend, a favourite
of God, or the king. A prince^ lord, presi-
dent, governor, judge. aa^JI iJl^i The
lord of beneficence. »^^^ ^y The
lord of liberality, %.e. Gh>d. JkfJl ^^,
The heir apparent, the destined or acknow-
ledged successor.
^*Jj watimat^ A banquet, a marriage
feast
U^ wahlM. KijiatiX <^^, God, the
bestower of benefits. c^UjSI Ju£
ipbd ul Wahhah^ The name of the fovnder of
the religion of the ^U^ orWahhabites.
This Shaikh erected, in the year 1 760, an inde-
pendent state in the Najd, and gave a reformed
religion on the principles that Gkni alone should
be iuToked and adored ; that we should make
no mention of any prophet in praying ; that
Hoses, Jesus Christ, Mahomet, etc., were in
truth good and mat men, but that no book
was erer inspired by the aneel Gabriel, or any
other celestial spirit, etc. ui general, all the
Bedouins of the desert, though calling tbem-
sehes Mahometans, think in this way, and care
▼err- little about either the Prophet or his
book. They assert also that God is the Sun,
but they keep this belief in secret.
aUj u^ahMm, Suspicious, doubtful One
who fancies all manner of dangers and diffi-
culties, [ing, presenting.
fodhah or waKb, Giving, bestow-
AJbj fM»Am, Fear, apprehension of some-
thing future. Suspicion, doubt, scruple, cau-
tion, fear, distrust
y^^^ loahmif Imaginary, oonjeotnraL
Aylb^ wahiLm (better %\jbj\ awhdm, pi. of
aJ^), Opinions, coi^jectures, imagina-
tions, suspicions.
4^^ way, 0! strange! wonderful! Fy
upon (you) ! woe to (you) ! ^iX^
wa^ka, O thou I
Jjj waffly Woe. An affliction, misfor-
tune. ^ Jj^t 4l^ajfJahu, Woe to him !
-^b ^^ ty ^'^l cr? U«j5' vi^-V^
^Ut, And she kissed the ground
before him; thereupon, the ucgro raised his
head toward her, and said. Woe to thee!
Wherefore hast thou remaloed away until this
hourP
g haoT hd, The twenty-seventh letter of
the Arabic alphabet. It signifies five in
arithmetic. In almanacs it denotes Thursday,
and the sign Virgo; also tiie planet Venus,
and the moon when bright. Placed over
letters and writings, in the middle of die rery
top of the page, and genenUy io the ahape
.u
(455)
^U
1, it Btands for the word yb hHj and
ngnifies He, God, Jehorah. At the end of
compound temu it ii either the penonal or
poeseniTe pronoun of the third perK>n tingalar
nuiealine, signifying his, Aivi* it, its, and
raijing in pronunciation, either as a final
aspirate, or as the syllable hu or Ai, aoeording
to the roles of grammar.
Vjb hd (the third person sing. fern, of the
affixed pronoaii)i Her, it, its. l^ls^
kitdbuha,'Eer book. C^\^d^\\j\
ana mkhaztuha minka, I took her (or it) from
thee. l^Uij ^ J^t *-^/^ haJartuP
madtnata toa aMaha, I left &e town and its
inhabitants.
\2s\3b hdhiif part. Falling, deaoending.
^J^U JldhH, Abel, son of Adam.
cz^U hdt* (fern. JU, pi. masc. |yU),
GiTe ! grant ! let it be so I
ij\jb hdiif, part. Crying, exclaiming.
One who callB,ayoice which oallfl. (.^lib
\_ -j»^^ h&iifidghayh, A voice from an
unseen caller, a voice from heaven. An no-
aeen secret monitor ; the heart ; or a gnardian
admonishing spirit [mind.
>-U h&jis, Conceiying, recalling to
>>lft h&jli A satirical poet.
A jU hdditn, Demolishing, a destroyer.
CL^\j^\ ^jU hddim uT laudt, (The
demolisher of enjoyments), Death.
i^j\jb hddi (or j\jb), A director, leader,
guide. A^^J ^Jl£ ^y LJj^y
s-Vj ^yj ^ ^ C^ jli^j
2U«XfuJ ^\j ^J\ f; J^fJwwJ ^U ^ Thou
preferrest to hoard coin above cherishing pious
thoughts, and thou choosest to rear a palace
rather than to dispense bounty ; and instead
of beinff earnest for a guide to direct thee
right, tbon seekest only to have woridly pro*
visions bestowed upon thee.
(^U hdrib, part. Flying. AjjU _ly
^J^fr W^ v<^^ ^® tamed hack in
flight, seeking safety, and knew not whither to
eo ; bat the destinies, fixed from all eternity,
drove him to that island upon which was
/ohttah.
CJ^jjU^ Ci^U SOf^i wa MdrHi, Hamt
and Marut. These are, according to Alkar*an,
two angels, who were believed to practise
sorcery at Babybn. It is recounted that
when the aneels in heaven expressed surprise
at the wickedness of the sons of Adam after the
prophets had been sent to them, God let them
choose two of themselves to be sent down to
earth. They chose Hamt and Marut, who
exercised their office with integrity until the
planet Joharah or Venus descended in the
shape of a woman, and enticed them to love
her, so that when she flew away from them to
heaven, they pursued her there ; but Ridwan,
the guardian of Paradise, did not admit them.
On tne intercession of some of the pious, they
were permitted to choose whether their punish-
ment for this misdemeanour should b^ in this
world or the next. It is said that thev chose
the former, and are now confined at Babylon
till the day of judgment ; and that if any one
desires to acouire the art of ma^e, he may go
to them and learn of them, hearing their voice,
but not seeing them.
jjtjU HdrUn, Aaron (t.^. a teacher, a
Ull, a mountain, a ttronff hill in Hebrew),
The son of Amram and Jochebed, the elder
brother of Moses, and the brother of Miriam.
He was the first high priest of the Jews, was
three years older Sian Moses, and was bom
1674 years before Christ, and died et 128.
^j^j\ib BiStrUn, Ju-1^1 ^^jbs BiSranAr-
rashld. The fifth Khalif of the house of Abbas,
and twenty-sixth from Muhammad. He
reigned from a.d. 786 till 808.
wU hddim, One who digests food, who
puta up (with insnlts). ^U4^U hddi-
miyah, The dig^estive power.
il\lb hdlat, A halo or circle round the
moon, ir^j^^ \ei^\ ij u:^\»- ItXi^
^U fi»^\jj^\i ZJl^l l^\^, And
the crowdings of the throng had gathered
round him, fike the halo about the moon, or
the shell about the firuit
Ci3U hdlik, part. Perishing, in the
state of being destroyed or killed. Destructive,
put in imminent danger.
i^\ib hdtnai, The head of any animal;
the crown of the head ; the forehead. The
chief of a people, £smily, or tribe.
^^^U hdwn, A mortar.
i^^U hdiffl, Fallen headlong, Ju^U
kawiyatf Hell, into which the damned are
precipitated.
\:jb\ib hdhund, Here.
^U hdfif'y InitamappetensadnuBsarios.
(456)
.5^
^U hdffi^ liquid, melted.
cJjU hdtf, Very thirsty.
JjU Adt7, Terrible, horrible. £ij\jbZiu|^,
A dreadful acddent
^U halm, Astonifihedy oonftued, wan-
dering, straying, distracted, farioiu, from lore
or any other cause.
L> habd (or c^La), Diut, especially the
finer particles which fly about, and are only
conspicuous in the son's rays.
i'L^I alhahaat, A part of Arabia.
Ljb hibai (pi. d^L^), A gift.
IxJb hahi, Precipitating.
^JlaJbhabtat, Level, low, aloping(groand).
hahnb, (Wind) blowing forioasly.
hahut (pi. (JL^\yJb), Dust; dost
mixed with ashes ; a thick raponr like dust
\o^ hahut, A steep or sloping place.
Mubui, Descent, declivity.
i^SsJb hatk. Tearing (a veil or curtain)
so as to discover those who were concealed.
Violating, ravishing (a woman). Dishonour-
ing, disgracing, defaaming. klSzJb
^^0^1, To defame.
•U^ haja, '\jJ\ 4-J;>/^, The letters of
the alphabet, or the joining them into syllables.
'\J\ 4_i,^ t-^>- ^, Alpha-
betically, according to the letters of the alpha-
bet, ba^ Gursmg, execrating, satirizmg;
ridiculing, railing at, laughing to scorn.
j^ hajr, Separation, disjunction, de-
sertion of country, of friends. Absence.
lyio, (f thou who art the object of my
hope, peiipist not in abandonment and cruelty,
but visit a lover drowned in love ! Think not
that I can survive this oppression, for my soul
vnll leave me after my separation from my
beloved !
jj^ hajar, To lea^e, abandon, desert
friends or country. i\jXa\jjs^ hajar
oidikah. He has abandoned his friends.
^\fjs^ hijrdn, Separation, disjunction.
Learing one's country.
L::^{rL< juu ^ '^f^ ^^ cli^ tmJ^
*c-
• ^
0^\ ^jji f,\Ji\ i^\j Uj, wut
thou oppress a friend who has never been un-
mindful of thee, and give him up after thy
desiring him ? May I forfeit the satisfiiction
«(of my God) if in love I have deceived thee,
and be punished by abandonment if I have
not been sincere to thee. I have been guilty
of no fault to deserve severe and haish con-
duct ; or if I have offended, I regret it, and
come repentant. Thine abandonment of me
is a wonderful misfortune; but fortune is
alwavs causing some new and unexpected
wonders.
ijS^ hiprah, Departure from one's country
and friends, separation of lovers or friends.
iysrt the J7t;raA,or the flight ofMuham-
mad from Mecca to Medina, which, in the reign
the KhaUf Omar, was ordered to be con-
sidered as the Muhammadan era.
^jttJB^ hqjs, Whateyer one recollects or
thinks of. Instinct.
ijus^ haj^t, A gentle sleep, a slumber,
a manner of sleeping.
ajk^ hqfam, Attacking suddenly ; coming
unexpectedly. Entering imprudently, without
leave.
y^ hqfw, A satire, a pasquinade.
iJLj\)y^ hifwiydt, s. pi. Satires, lam*
poons, satirical pieces of poetry.
cys^ hu/n^ Sleep, slumber.
/^ys^ hufUm, An assault, an attack, an
effort; impetuosity. ^/^^ ^^b ^^
1:jJj1 ^, And when they saw us,
that we were a small company with ten loads
of presents for the King oi India, they rushed
on us, pointing their spears at us.
hijln, An excellent white he-
^?A*
(457)
J;*
cftinel ; t dromedary. It is not by their ex-
treme oelerity that the hij'itu are so much dia-
tingaiahed, aa by the eaae with which they carry
their rider, during an nnintermpted jonmey
of scTeral days and nighta, when they lure
allowed to persevere in their own &Tourite
pace, which is a kind of gentle and easy
amble, at the rate of five miles and a half an
honr. In Egypt the hifins are gnided by a
string attached to a nose ring. In Arabia
they are more obedient to the short stick of
the rider than to ths bridle.
\j\jjb hai&ya (pi. of hssb)^ (Hfts, pre-
sents. S^ti MjUb, Precioos gifts.
H^mM LjJb ij\jJb\ ahddnl hadiyah
" ** M
nafltah. He gave me a magnificent present
iAjJb hiddyat, A guide or direction to
the right way or to the road of salvation.
c-^jJb hudh (pi. c^t JJhf), The hairs of
the eyebrows or lid. [going nnrevenged.
jjjb hadr. Blood shed with impunity, and
i^,iAhad/,The mark or target at which
aim is taken in dhooting.
^JJb hadm, Ruin, destruction. To ruin,
demolish, level with the ground, lay waste.
^JJb hudfuit, Peace, a truce.
^Si^haifm OT hadu, Quiet, tranquillity.
jjb jJb hudhud, The lapwing.
t^jJb hMda\ Direction into the right
"road, or into the way of salvation.
^ iL^xa. u:j^y iiLij o-Jl y^J
^Uj\ylU, I have abandoned wine
and those who drink it, and have become the
friend of such as condemn it Wine leadeth
astray from the path of rectitude, and openeth
the doors to evil.
hsJb hadHyat, A present, especially one
offered to superiors. ^}j^^ ^ ^\ fi
^jL^ \4yi^, Lsi^ f Then he opened the
two leathern bags, and took forth from them
the jewels and other things, and scattered them
before the King, and said to him, 0 King of
the Age, perhaps thou wilt accept my present,
and show favour to me and oonuort my heart
by aocepting it firom me.
\jjb ha»d (fern, ijjb hMihi), This (man,
woman, or thiug). lijb ^^ ^^l, What
is that ? \iJb Jl^, In this manner,
thus, so. \s^t Therefore, for that
reason. \jJb J^l, On that account,
wherefore. t^^\ \jJb, To-day, now,
at present, in these times.
ifjJb ha%ih, This, demons, pron. sing.
ijAl\ SJJb L<^|^ todfakanl hazth al
mafrahf He agreed with me this time.
<dJJl sjJb ,<«aAi ^jA etn nakdl hastih
al leilahj Where shall we pass the night?
f^Xa \^ ^^\LtJ\ IfdJb hazih assakdJtlH
kuUaha »ada\ All these knives are rusty.
\)^j\ ^ iZ:\p^ (ZjU-lJl dJJb hazth
al hajdt jaat min oroppd^ These things are
come from Europe.
^b jjb hazaydn, Nonsense, impertinence.
jib hirr^ A he-cat.
is^\jSb hardtikat (pi. of (JjLyb), Heretics.
4.^^^ harab, Flying, running away, ab-
sconding. Flight. [To desert.
<U -Cm.iiI \ ^j^ S-^ harah min td ^askariah,
i>jib hirrat or hirrah, A she-cat
^jib havj, Being copious, superabound-
ing in anything. Speaking a great deal and
incoherently. Tumultuous, seditious, destroy-
ing one another. Tumult, sedition, confusion.
Slaughter.
JJyJ^ Sarkal, Heradius. ^^m jl "ijjb
JSereulet, Hercules. The God of the Phceni-
cians, the allegory and personification of the
Sun. The great number of exploits which
have been attributed to Hercules nave led to
the belief that there were many heroes of
that name. Yarro enumerates so many as
forty-four; Diodorus says there were three;
and Cicero counts six. The religion of the
Phoenicians is like that of the Ansariah, who
consider Adam, David, Solomon, Christ, St
Peter, Ali, Mohammad, etc., as personifications
of the Sun and the Moon, and as the incarna-
tion of the Divinity, in the same manner as
the PhoDuicians consider Hercules, Adorns,
Molock, etc., as the personification of the Sun,
and as the Egyptians look upon their great
deity Osiris. The Ansariah, like the other
people of olden time, believe in the trans-
migration of souls. They think that the
good after their death are elevated to a place
«A»
(458)
<J!U
among the oonstellatioiifl ; and the vicked are
converted into dogs, cats, seipents, scorpions,
etc. Nearly all the gods of antiqnibr were
personifications of the Son, the God of ^atore.
AJb harm, A decrepid old man. Pyramid
* of Egypt.
V«^ Surmuz, The isle of Ormuz in the
Persian Gnlf. Name of a king of Persia
vho reigned A.D. 272. The planet Jnpiter.
U^l Alharmust, The great king of Persia.
^/M^Jb Mamuu, Hermes Trismegistas.
^j*k^Jb SertMS, Mercury, a oelebrated
god of antiquity, whose worship was well
established in Greece, Egypt, Syria, and Italy.
Two hours from Zahle, and half an hour from
the Tillage of Fnrsnl (which some suppose to
be a corruption of the word fardat, or
Paradise, which the ancients helieyed to be
in Coele Syria, between the Libanus and Anti-
libanus), there is the ruined temple of Hermes.
These remains stand in a wady, or yalley sur-
rounded by barren rocks, having a spring near
them to the eastward. The temple fisced the '
west. A erand flight of steps, twelve paces
broad, with a column three feet and a half in
diameter, at the end of the lower step, formed
the approach to a spacious pronaot, in which
are remains of columns; here a door, six
paces in width, opens int6 the eella, the fallen
roof of which now oorers the floor ; and the
side walls to half their original height only
remain. This chamber is thirty-flre paces in
length, by fifteen in breadth. On each of the
side walls stood six pilasters, of a bad Ionic
order. At the extremity of the chamber are
steps leading to a platform, where the statue
of the deity may have stood: the whole space
is here filled up widi firagments of columns
and walls. The square stones used in the
construction of the walls are in general about
four or fire cubic feet each, but some tweWe
feet long, four feet high, and four feet in
breadth. On the right side of the entrance-
door is a staircase in the wall, leading to the
top of the buildings and much resenu)ling in
its mode of construction the staircase in the
principal temple of Balbec. The remains of
the capitals of columns betray a yery corrupt
taste, bein^ badly sculptured, and without any
elegance, either in design or execution ; and
the temple seems to luiye been built in the
latest times of pa^nism, and was, perhaps,
subsequently repaired and conyertea into a
church. The stone with which it was
built is more decayed than that in the ruins
at Balbeo, beinff here more exposed to the
inclemency of we weather. No inscriptions
are anywnere yisible. Around the temple
are some ruius of ancient, and others of more
modem habitations.
^jl^ harwtUat, Trotting, going mode-
rately, especially after galloping.
ijjjib hurayrat^ A kitten. \jij^y^ -^^
harayrahj One of the companions of Mahomet,
10 called from a fayourite wluch he had.
JjJb haai (pi. ci^^Upb), A jest, playful-
ness. Jests, pleasantries, g,^ i3uj J
J;» cr^ ^ * ,/ J^ er* i/< ^^
♦ *x>- ^jti}* There never proceeds
from them any eyil expression, nor any
harshness or repulsiyeness of manner ; and I
never witness m them anything but fidelity
and sincerity of loye, exempt fi^m euT^ and
jealousy: while one improriMS in admirable
' poetry, with beauty of enunciation, and with-
out any hesitation, another relates anecdotes
of every sort, with a pleasing interchange of
the jocose and the serious.
Spb^ hmhmatt MioTing, shaking.
(Jj lib hoAl, Thi^ and lean.
^j^Jb haaHmat, Flight, a defeati diqieraion.
A*Aib hadm. Digestion.
iJLlf\^ hafwat (pi. of if^Aib haficat),
Enrors, frinlts.
f^mJuAtb haflf. The whistling of the wind.
\'^ijb hakoMd, In this manner. Ji^l
f jjjb Id tatahtllam hakasnd, Do not
speak in this manner. \ ^ijb ^/aXxc U
LmJ'\s^ md ^ndi haJuud kitdh, I hare
not snoh a book.
Jjb hdl (interrogation). Whether or not?
fl^A^jl^\ \dJb ^Jib halft haaa'l
ffhadtr $amaky In this tank are there any flshf
HmI fiola' haeih tU bidS^h itkat ft ul histSb,
On these goods is there any discount P
cJlU hdldk, Perdition, ruin, death,
slaughter. ji^\ ^^ SuJu ^ Jli^
4 ^\»y,j c31«U C- Ji/l '\^i\j
^
(459)
^
^.
\*t^\ , And he said within himself,
Yerily, insolence and calnmny occasion destroc-
tion, and betray one into perplexity ; for it has
been laid. He who ia insfuent niffereth injury,
and he who ii ignorant repenteth, and he who
feareth is safe : moderation is one of the qnali-
tiea of the noble, and good manners are the
noblest gain. ^^ Jl^\ ^ J^ Ji^
WyASL^ cJ)l|i]j, And it is said by the
proTerb, Whoso aeeth a hole in the ground,
and doth not shun it, and be cautious of ad-
Tancing to it boldly, expoaethhiniaelf to danger
and destruction.
iJ!Ljb haldl, The new moon; also the
moon on the wane, especially the first and
last two or three days ; the moon being called
the rest of the month.
\jb haldh, Belonging to or resembling
the new moon.
htUat, The beginning (of a month).
(JiGlft halak, Being ruined. Btdk, De-
struction, ruin, perdition; shipwreck.
haiummOj Come on ! approach ! draw
near!
^^JUh haly^n^ Asparagus.
Mjbhum (pi. of the pron.^ and n). They,
their. j\^ (^^«^ /»^ ^^^ kaudhln
Uhdr, They are great liars. ^^
jf^ iitdhuhum lahir, Their book is
big. cJl:J^ f^ 4A hm hdMum
kumakf They are all thore.
aJb homy Chief, care, solicitude. 1^1 b
O young man, thou hast increased my anxiety,
alUr haYing dispelled my grief ; but tell me, 0
youth, where ia she F ana where is the tomb
where the negro is lying ? A4Jb jUj
And his anxiety and grief increased, and his
breeat beoama opntracted on aoooont of the
BjngBedr.
^l^ kumdm (pi. jX^ htmdm)^ A great
?t
king, a hero, a magnanimous prince, a liberal,
magnificent man. ^^p^ cl^^ ^ J^^
^\us^i\j, And he said, 0 King of the
Age, my want respecteth God, and the mag-
aaaimoua king, and the bold lion, the report
ood
* DUD-
lished in the provinoea and cities, for liberality.
of whose good Qualities the carayans have
borne abroad, ana whose fame has been pub-
beneficence, pardon, clemency, and granting
favours.
f^jlSf hwnayHfif Blessed, sacred, fortu-
nate, royal, imperial. Auspicious, august,
(said only of the Sultan), ^^^l? ias*-
khatti humaf^un, An edict, being a few words
in the Sultan's handwriting, commanding it
to be put in execution.
<UJb himmat, The exertion of one*s in-
fluence, authority, power, or ability. Inclina-
tion, desire, resolution, intention, design.
Mind, thought, attention, care. Auspices,
grace, fatour. [any kind of heat).
S^ hamad, Being extinguished (fire, or
i>X^ hamdat, An apoplexy.
^^i^ Jlanumdn, A city of Irac, in
Persia, 160 miles from Teheran. It was
taken and destroyed by Timur, and is famed
for the manufacture of leather. JPiop, estimated
at from 30,000 to 40,000. Lot. 34' BOT N.
XoM. 48^ 32' £. This place is an entrepdt for
the commerce carried on between Bagdad and
Teheran. It was formerly called Ecbatana.
»j^ The character hanaah^ or (*) ; mark-
ing a letter with hamzah.
J^ hamal, Neglecting, forsaking.
j^ hanum (pi. of i^), Exertions of one's
influence, authority, power, or ability.
f^yf Aumfliii(pl.of ^), Cares, afflictions.
^y^\ ^ \Sijb ij^\ ^Jli:?U, TeU
him who is oppressed with anxiety, that
anxiety will not last; as happiness passeth
away, so passeth every anxiety. Ji^
cr?> ** ^^tm, Aad bot,
C^-^ ^i-.^, Thai I peaeturtBd mto
■'"■flf'*^ wrth tfc«jr ittm —•WW
t^y *»^l, Dmn, tri^, gj, I
ijy^ »»fe«K HowKiig, Imeating, tn-
<I««»g»r«nwf, judge. ^1^ 3^
l«rf of betttflcenee. ^^IJ^, The
lord of lib«»lity, ,'^. God. j^t J
)^ wdtlmat, A bmiqaa^ a nuunairo
kj «fl* Woe. Am
***»•* Ji>* rf ■■jMb, Voeto him!
*-^ •»-•' ty ^ J. ^^ ^^ ^ _
— his
oe to tii€«*
* ^ or ^, The twentr-seir-nii. i ^
the Arabic alphabT if I^Sj****** «^
«nd the sign Tu^^".??^*?* Thiu»d«T,
lettera and wiitmo. ;„ •v?^^ ««oed orer
.u
(455)
*U
. n, it stands for the word yb Aa, and
ngnifies He, Qod, Jehoyah. At the end of
compound terms it is either the personal or
possessiTe pronoun of the third person sing^ar
masculine, signifying Ait, hvm tY, tto, and
Taring in pronunciation, either as a final
aspirate, or as the syllable hu or Ai, according
to the roles of grammar.
U hd (the third person sing. fern, of the
affixed pronoun). Her, it, its. ^^
hYa^n;^, Her hook. (JJc^lffJ^t Ul
ana akhmtiuha minka^ I took her (or it) from
thee. ^U|^ ^*xJt ^^j^ hajartuT
madtnata tcu aAZnAa, I left &e town and its
inhabitants.
LjU hdMf'pait Falling, descending.
J«iU Mdhll, Ahel, son of Adam.
oU hati (fern. JU, pL masc. \^U),
GiTe ! grant ! let it be so I
lJjU hdiif, part. Crying, exclaiming.
One whocalls,ayoioe which calls. u^U
^^<Jt)\ hdiif ulffhayh, A voice from an
imseen caller, a roice from hearen. An un-
seen secret monitor ; the heart ; or a guardian
admomahing spirit. [mind.
^j»i>'\ib hdjii, Conceiying, recalling to
^^U hdjlf A satirical poet.
ajU hddimf Demolishing, a destroyer.
cjt jJJ\ ^jU hddim uT Jaudt, (The
demolisher of enjoymenta), Death.
4^jU hddl (or Jljb), A director, leader,
guide. ^UaJ^J ^Jl^ ^f \*Aijjy
iJS^ ^\j ^\ ijCkf.ml ^U ^, Then
prefenest to hoard coin above cherishing pious
thoQghts, and thou choosest to rear a palace
rather than to dispense bonnty ; and instead
of being earnest for a guide to direct thee
ri^t, thou seekest only to hare worldly pro-
▼liions bestowed upon thee.
0;U kdrib, part. Flying. Aj^U ^^
^/^^ Ifrji ^1, He tnmed hack in
flight, seeking safety, and knew not whither to
CO ; but the destinies, fixed from all eternity,
aiove him to that island upon which was
Johanh.
^jjU^ *^X)^ JETdrUt wa Mdrat, Harat
9JiA Marut. These are, according to Alkur'an,
two angela, who wero belierea to practise
sorcery at Babylon. It is recounted that
when the anfi^els in hearen expressed surprise
at the wickedness of the sons of Adam after tiie
prophets had been sent to them, GK>d let them
choose two of themselves to be sent down to
earth. They chose Harut and Marut, who
exercised their office with integrity until the
planet Joharah or Venus descended in the
shape of a woman, and enticed them to love
her, so that when she flew away from them to
heayen, they pursued her there ; but Ridwan,
the guardian of Paradise, did not admit them.
On tne intercession of some of the pious, they
wero permitted to choose whether their punish-
ment for this misdemeanour should be in this
world or the next. It is said that they chose
the former, and aro now confined at Babylon
till the day of judgment ; and that if any one
desires to acouire the art of ma^c, he may go
to them and learn of them, heanng their voice,
but not seeing them.
jjiijU Hdrikn^ Aaron {%,$. a teacher, a
hill, a monntain, a strong hill in Hebrew),
The son of Amram and Jochebed, the eJder
brother of Moses, and the brother of Miriam.
He was the first hieh priest of the Jews, was
three years older Sian Moses, and was bom
1674 years beforo Christ, and died sdt. 123.
^^j\jb JBdriin, Ju-lJIl ^^j\jb EdrUn Ar-
rathld. The fifth Ehalif of the house of Abbas,
and twenty-sixth from Muhammad. He
reigned from a.d. 786 till 808.
wU hddim, One who digests food, who
puts up (with insults). ^Us^U hddi-
mi^ah, The digestiye power.
i]\lb hdlat, A halo or circle round the
moon. V«JJ^ ]»1U>1 ij ij:Ji»\^ IjJj
j^l f.\4^\jj^\i li\^\ itU, And
the crowding of the throng had gathered
round him, like the halo about the moon, or
the shell about the fruit
v^U hdlik, part. Perishing, in the
state of being destroyed or killed. DestmctiTe,
put in imminent danger.
JuU hdmat, The head of any animal ;
the crown of the head ; the forehead. The
ehief of a people, family, or tribe.
^^j\jb h&wn, A mortar.
^^U hdufly Fallen headlong. £)^ljh
hawiyaiy Hell, into which the damned are
precipitated.
LjbU hdhmdj Here.
^U hAffft Initumappetensadmissarias.
•>•
(462)
»l>
Sicily, the Diana of Crete, and the Bellona of
the ItomanB ; that she appeared in the time of
Moses nnder the name of Mary, sister of this
same Moses ; that in the Christian Dome or
Temple she is the same person, having the
name of Mary, Mother of Jesus ; that for this
reason the Al Kur'an does not make any differ-
ence hetween Mary the nster of Moses and
Aaron, and Mary the Mothei of Jesns, wherein
she is called, " 0 thou Mother of Jesus and
vister of Aaron " ; and that in this belief consists
the true religion of the Tawhldf " Unity of
Gk>d," that is to say, there is one God only,
who appeared at different times nnder differ-
ent names, and that consequently, and in the
same manner, Isis, Yenns, Mary the sister of
Moees, Mary the M6ther of Jesus, and Fatima
Azzuhra the daughter of Muhammad (their
goddess), u the same and identical person,
and mast be loved and worshipped in the
same manner, and that the lore and worship
paid to one of those names is equally and indis-
tinctly paid to the others, which do but con-
stitute we same person, without any difference
or distinction wnateTer. In all probability
this doctrine made Cleopatra, the beaotiM
Queen of Egypt, to be wont to dress herself
like the Goddess Isis, and affect to be considered
a second Isis ; so did Hakim, the God of the
Druzes, who gave himself out to be the incar-
nation of God ; so did the nun called Hendia,
not long ago, in Mount Lebanon, who pre-
tended that she was the Mother of God come
to the world.
^1^ Ejeyldn^ Helena, the name of a
tovm formerly, but now a village, about eight
miles to the northward of Aleppo. This town
was built by the mother of the Emperor Con- *
stantine. From Heylan water is conveved to
Aleppo by an aqueduct, partly on a leyel with
the ground, and partly subterranean. This
aqueduct is supposed to have been coeyal with
the city, but it was repaired by the mother of
Constantino, and subsequently by Melek £d-
daher, the son of Saladin.
^j^ hayn^ Quiet, easy, gentle.
hlnat, Convenience, easy, facility.
jJitf, (Go) at your leisure.
"iyjb or ^^ kiyula\ Chaos, matter, the
first principle of everything material.
(Jl^ hayUldnl, Material.
iJl^lfj^ hayhat. culfJb CL^lfJ^y It is
too late ! It is impossible I
4XJb hay-at, The form, figure, appear-
ance. The configuration of the heavenly bodies.
fjj AJi, 'iGcu^ ,\LS\ ijub, So her
heart felt the pangs of separation ; and when
she went forth and saw the preparatioii for
travel, she wept violently.
^ The twenty-eighth and last letter
of the Arabic alphabet. In arithmeCie H
expresses ten; and in almanacs it is the
character for Jupiter, and the si^ Aquarina.
In Arabic, when annexed to a primitive noon,
it forms a derivative; as ^LjU -^
man ; (J^^ Humane. It is also the
pronoun of the first person ; as i^\si,
A book ; ^\s^, My book. !pie letter
v^ may, in our chazacters, be ooiiTe-
niently represented by y when considered as a
consonant, and by i when as a voweL
b yd, Or. 0 ! ^\ U yd attah, 0 (}od !
uu^ li yd layta^ Would to heaven ! I
wish to God ! yj^ l[ yd laytanf, I
wish that I. ^
^^Ij ydhia, Dry, naturally dry. ^/m^\j
•.h^ll. Of a dry temperament or habit.
ryr^ yo/V, Gog. ^fr^^ r>^V'
Oog and Magog. Apparently two Scythian
tri^ of great antiquity, but respecting whom
numerous legends are current.
Lrfj\j yd rob, 0 Lord ! 0 God!
^^b yaaa, Despairing. Despair, des-
peration, hopelessness, despondency.
^U\ ^li ^IJJ^ Jlj^\ ^^ji\ ^
JJj ^^ ^jJu ^^\ JjJ y^. Be not
dismayed, though for a short time thou be
poor, for in leneth of time thou wilt be
relieved. Despair not, since despair is in-
fidelitjT : it may be that God will soon make
thee rich.
^^P^^^Jj, ydtmin, Jessamine.
lib Ydfd, Ja£fa, the ancient Joppa.
Here Noah built the Ark. In this harbonr
Judas MaccabfBUs burnt the Syrian fleet.
Jaffa has not a very considerable trade, the
only business of the place being derived firom
the supplies necessary for pilgrims going to
and from Jerusalem, of which it is m port.
This town is reputed for its gardens of onage,
pomegranate, and fi^-trees. These gardens
open out into the Plain of Sharon, celebrated
in Scripture for its fertility, and which stretches
along the coast from Gssa to Mount Camel.
u
(461)
^yb haum (or ^yb), Quiet, tranqnillity;
mildneBB, modesty, gentlenesB, tameness.
ulCyb Jlc ^(M haumika, (Do it) at
your conTenieiicj.
^^ hawa\ Desire, love, inolination,
will, wish (good or bad), ^j uL-yS^
f'^*^ ^^ Jy=^ U^ * i^^3
«Jla&j, I wrote with a heart devoted
to thinking of thee, and with a sore eyelid,
shedding tears of hlood, and a -hody clad hy
ardent longing and sorrow with the garment
of leanness and affliction. I complain to thee
of the torment of my Iotc, and tne complete
exhaustion of my patience. Be blind, then,
and favourable, merdfiil and indulgent; for
my heart is breaking through the violence of
my love for thee. ^ fcl^ vJ^ si^Nr^k
^lU fc/^l; ^^ ^^ , 0 my mistress,
I am an admonisher unto thee and one who
has great interest for thee. Enow, then, that
love is difficult, and the concealment of it
would melt iron, and occasion disease and in-
firmities ; and the person who reveals love is
not obnoxious to reproach.
^Jb hiya (fern, of yb huwa)^ She. .
Lib hay&f Ho ! holla ! hark ye !
jS^Ujb hayakil (pi. of jCjb), Temples.
I^u:ge colossal forms, bodies, or phantoms.
fXfJb htydm, Thirst in love, distraction
with love, excessive love. l^Ae v,, ^>nh
vlXv^ "iS c-^ImJI, And she was en-
raptured with him, and was affected by violent
love ; so she said to the old woman, I know
not how to obtain an interview with this
young man bat through thy means.
hofflai, Fear, timidity, a panic.
Respect, reverence, awfiilnesA,* gravity, stern-
ness, severity, dignity, maje^, grandeur,
authority.
l^U hafufdf Battle, comhat, fight.
^ffiJb hayjy Raising (dost) ; provoking (to
anger). Making an attack. A battle, a com-
bat Perturbation, fury, agitation, intoxication.
^Wub hayajan^ Getting into motion,
rising (dust, or bodies of men). To get in
motion, to j^et into agitation. Perturmition,
fury, agitation.
i^^^j^f. Herod, the name of several
Jewish princes. — Herod the Great was the
son of Ajitipater, the Idumean, who appointed
him Oovemor of Galilee. Antony appointed
him Tetrarch, and Augustus made hun King ,
of the Jews. He governed with savage
cruelty, and sacrificed his wife Mariamne, her
grandfather Hyrcanus, and brother Aristobulus.
At the birth of our Sariour he caused all the
infants of Bethlehem to be massacred, in hopes
that He would fall among the number. He
also put to death his sons Alexander and Aris-
tobulus, so that Augustus said, '* It was better
to be Herod's hog wan his son." He rebuilt
the town of Jerusalem, and in a time of famine
sold his curiosities to relieve the sufferers, b.
at Ascalon, in Judea, 70 b.c. ; p. at the age of
70, in the same year as the birth of Jesus
Christ. — Herod Antipas, the son of the above,
succeeded his father as Tetrarch of Galilee.
He divorced his wife, the daughter of Ar^tas,
King of Arabia, and espoused Herodias, the
wife of his brother Philip, on which Aretas
declared war against him. Herod sacrificed
John the Baptist to the cruelty of Herodias,
and his conduct occasioned the Jews to revolt.
Bein^ called to 'Rome to justify his conduct,
he died on the road. This is the Herod to
whom our Saviour was sent by Pilate.
JiLjb haykalf An amulet or talisman in-
scribed with magic figures, hung round the
body, as a defence agamst fascination or mis-
fortune. An altar. iJb\]\ Jilj^y
Haykal ul Zohra, The Temple of Venus. A
town in North Spain, containing a large
temple dedicated by the old Phoenicians to
Venus, the Great Goddess, to which all the
inhabitants of Spain used to repair to pay
their worship to this deity, and visit her
sanctuary, as now Christians visit Jerusalem,
and Mussulmen pay their devotion to their
two sanctuaries Mecca and Medina. Before
the establishment of the Christian religion in
Spain, and in many other parts of Europe,
Venus, the Goddess of the Phoenicians, was
the great deit^ of the world. The Ansariah
assert that this Znhra is the same as the 1 sis
of the Egyptians, the Venus of Cyprus, the
Minerva of Athens, the Cybele of the Phry-
gians, the Ceres of Eleusis, the I^twerpine '*'
(464)
<«i
/
>
Jj yad, The hand. A handle. iid^\^ jj
yad toakidah, A kind of monopoly by which
the govemment used to give the ezclusiTe
right to a single individoal to buy up some
particular branch of the produce of a whole
district or prorince, or even of the empire.
Hjib^ XjjlS Jj yad kadirak kdhirah,
The hand of omnipotence, or of power.
uJ^^l Jj yaddul tasarruf, The hands,
the possession.
(Jl/jj yadak, A led horse; the rope or
strap by which he is led. A tow-rope. (Turk-
ish words used in Arabic.) i<f- J^
yadaheht, One who leads a horse of state ; a
groom.
jj yuzkar, Memorable ; that which can
be mentioned; worthy of being mentioned.
JjX Id-yuzkar, Not worthy of being
mentioned ; a very litUe which does not de-
serye to be mentioned.
jjjijl^ Yerdholos, Yerabolosis, the name
of a Tillage situated on the Euphrates, and of
the town of Hierapolis, called also Mambej, so
celebrated in ancient times under the name of
Bambyce. No traces remain of the temple of
that great goddess with whose worship Lucian
has made us acquainted. The only remarkable
monument is a subterranean canal, which
conducts the water from the mountains of the
north for the distance of four leagues. All
this country was formerly full of such aque-
ducts. The Assyrians, Medes, and Persians
esteemed it a religious duty to convey
water to the desert, in order to multiply,
according to the precepts of Zoroaster, the
principles of life and of abundance. At every
step in that country you discover the ruins of
ancient villages and towns, cisterns fallen in,
and the remains of fortresses and temples, etc.
This country deserves to be visited and explored
by travellers, which will lead to important
discoveries. Mambej is situated two days*
journey to the north-east of Aleppo.
cl^ yard^ A reed, of which they make
pens.
9jijl yarha^ The jerboa.
im C^^r^ji yarhamuk* allah, Gfod have
mercy on you ! [jaundice.
^^li^^ yarkdn, Paleness. The yellow
J^jl ywcsal, That which can be sent.
9
i^ji ywma\ That which can be thrown
away.
Jjji Ta%id, The name of three Khalifs
of the house of Omeiya. Name of an arch-
heretio among the MuhammadanB. Wicked,
crael, cnrsed, execrable. u^J^JJf One
of the sect of YazTd. The Yazidi are those
Curds who worship the devil called Shaytan or
Iblia, that is, the genius who is the enemy of
God. This notion, especially prevalent in the
Biarbekir, and the mntiers of Persia, is a
relic of the ancient system of the good and tvil
principles, ■
jLwj yasdr, Left, the left side. Plenty,
afflaence, opulence. |^^ yasdran,
Towards the left, to the left.
i^Ugj yasdrat, Prosperity, ease, happi-
ness ; affluence, opulence.
iiss^ ytufad leh, Adorable.
c yM*j yasgU^, Jesus. <Ur^J yassu^yah,
The Jesuits. [By little, by degrees.
jmmJ yiulr, Small, little. Easy. ]ji^f
jJmJ yashm, A species of jasper or agate ;
one particularly, which, according to Oast^llns,
comes from China or India, and has the quality
of diverting lightning from any place where
it is laid, or any person who wears it.
i^Sxj yu^di, Communicable (disease).
L^fyj^ni ya^snh, The king of the bees, a
prince or chief of a nation.
i^^AM ya^knb, Jacob.
<u!t Jiju ya^imuUah, God knows.
^:ju ya^ni, That is to say, viz.
m
jAju yitghfar, Eemissible.
God forgive me and you (words pronounced
in return to a congratulation when sneezing).
(jmUu yukds, Measurable.
JSM yuktalt Which can be killed, which
may be slaughtered. Which deserves to be
put to death.
^^^Jaib yaktlny A gourd, or any similar
creeping plant. <^Vjkfl.^, One gourd.
j^UaAj yahzdUf Vigilance, watchfulness.
iUoAJ yakatat, Waking, not being asleep.
^j^^ yaktn, Certainly. Certain know-
ledge, positive knowledge. ^j^Li] Jit
^ilm «/ ya^n, Positive knowledge.
cu'LxftAj yakiniydt, s. pi. Things podi-
tively known, known for certain. ^
(465)
u-^i
JaLbJI ^^jaM ^j^ JSUII, The mere
supposition of a wise man is infinitely more
trnstwortliy than the certainty (or the positiTe
knowledge) of the foolish. _le \j\
Ai^ ,,jJL, I am certain of it. (:.«&)
yaiinan, Certainly, troly. c^l«!*^1 ^^oju
fji^\, Some learned doctors.
^^ jfokun, It will be.
w^L ffolma^f Lightning dazzling the
eyes.
4C«Uj $famdma (coll. pi. Aaj yamdm),
A turtle dove, a wood pigeon, also a domestic
pigeon.
^^Uj yamaniifUn, Natives of Yemen
or Arabia Felix. (JUj (fem. ^Uj),
A natire, or anything belonging to that
oonntry.
^^jAj yaman^ The right hand or side.
Taman, A country on the rieht hand. Arabia
Felix.
^U.4J jfomnat, Being at the right side.
The right hand or side.
^^^yamani, Belonging to Arabia Felix;
* a kind of flowered or painted cloth fabricated in
that oountry,U8ed as ooTcrs for bedsorfootstools.
_:msj^ iV^ ^^ ^** tf^^ff^^^f Two
great factions into which was divided the nobility
of Mount Lebanon* These factions used to
distinguish theroselyes by the colour of their
flags ; that of the kaitit was red, that of the
yamanU was white. These two denomina-
tions haye been subsequently replaced by
^l^lLkp-^ iS^V yathdkH wa funbldtlf
from ytubak SLndj'amhhU^ the respective names
of two leading fieunilies in the country of the
Druzes.
^^ji^ yamiftf An oath, ^j^^ i^ixj^f To
take an oath, to swear. Yamlti, The right
hand, jide or part, ^^^^^^t ^1 (^ tnU
ila'l famhij Turn to the right.
Ix^, To the right hand, southward.
i\^L^j ^r^ v^-^^^ (dtafata yaminan
ioa shamalany He turned to the right and to*
the left.
w^Lj yand^f^(pl. of c^^), Fountains,
c ^^ yamhu^y A fountain, a jet d'ean*
i,,,^-^cU£ yantakhab, He who can be
elected. Eligible.
l^jJSu:j yaniharib. Drinkable.
(Jfi^ yankabilf Acceptable (biU of ex-
change).
(Jycj yan^tl, Bemorable.
L::^U[yatrdJ&!^(pl.ofc:jyb), Jacinths.
i^ iiak^ V-rr ^^ ^jsS^\ jJ
i*\ju!l (^^oJ jdS , He then took forth
firom his pocket a case, written upon and
sealed. He broke its seal and scattered its
contents, whereupon there fell from it strung
jewels, consisting of all kinds of jacinths and
other fi;ems, together with three hundred oblong
emeralds, ana three hundred large oblong
jewels, of the size of the eggs of the ostrich.
Ls^ Yamf, Joseph, the patriarch.
(Joseph is the Adonis of the East, a hand-
some man being often compared to him).
mv* arrekk al pahudt, Flavins Josephus, a
Jewish historian. He came of distinguished
ancestors, and received a liberal education
among the Pharisees, after which he went to
Eome, where he cultivated his talents to
great advantage. On returning to his own
countiT, he commanded the troops employed
to ddend Jotapata against Vespasian and
Titus, and maintained die place bravely daring
seven weeks. Vespasian took him into his
fovour, and he was held in great esteem by
Titus, whom he accompanied to the siege of
JeruMdem, at the taking of which, Titus
told him to ask for anything he wished. He
requested that the sacred books might be
given to him, and that the lives of his brother
and fifty of his friends might be spared.
When Vespasian became emperor, he gave
Josephus a palace, with a pension, the freedom
of the city, and a grant of lands in Judesa.
Titus added to these favours, and Josephus,
out of gratitude, SMumed the name of Flavins.
During his residence at Rome he wrote his
" History of the Wars of the Jews," first in
Syriac, and afterwards in Greek. Its style
approaches nearest to that of Livy. He also
wrote the '* Antiquities of the Jews," in
which it is supposed are some interpolations
of modem transcribers, particularljr with re-
gard to what is said of our Saviour. He
wrote likewise two books in defence of the
Jews against Apion, and his own life. b. at
Jerusalem a.d. 37. d. at Home about the
year 98.
30
r*
(466)
^
Jiyt pfU, That wliieh can be eaben, \ J^^ pi -wa/.Tliat whidtcm be ejected.
^F«^ /aly. ' ^ LTiT" ^■^^' '^'' "^
^^ ,««. (pL ^U ), A day. or twenty- ; jl, ' Jl^, Then, on tbet day.
wv homi ; (da J in eontndittnictiaii to mgfat i ^,
^Uji F«jia»y Greeee ; theGreek natioiiy
bemg called jl|}).
fint dajy Simdaj.
teeond daj, Monday,
third day, Tuesday.
\£h)\
r*
The
The
The
WjJl ^ji. The
fourth day, Wednesday.
r^-«
The fifth day, Thnreday. te«^t ^jj,
The day of meeting, Friday. ^^^
vr-^,»*.H, The seventh day, Saturday.
iX^^^,A£iaitiTal-day. (•W^^^U^,
One day amongst others. Lvj^ U^,
Fnmi day to day, de die in diem, without
intermission, daily. My^\, To-day.
I*«J J^t, The first day. U^, On a
certain day. ^jj J^, Every day.
In all the following tenns this word signifies
the Bay of Judgfnent. ^^ jll z*^ yawm
eddin. lULfllt ^jj yoirai «/ kiydmah,
c-^liM^t |4j^ yMm fliT hiiidh. Myi
ytfirm uf mUah. j\J^\ ^^ yoirm nT
Jaradr. JyJl ajJ yatrm nT tiidh
UM ayydman, For some days.
from ^1^, The son of Ji^het iJ^^t
OneGfBoan; anyflung dedL
ij^^ F«fiy«#, Jmie.
Jjfi IoAmJ, The Jews. «^J^» A Jew.
jf^ J^ FaihiJ jr^UfWr, The Jews
of Khaibar. ^"■•'W*' is a town of Azahis,
in El-Hgas. Ibp. said to he 50,000. It is
the ei^ital of and gives name to an indepen-
dent Borereignty of Jews, the deseendants,
aoeoiding to their own ■■crtion, of die Trans-
Joidanie tribes, Renben, Gad, and ManasKh.
They hsYO a character for bravay and lean-
ing ; hnt the tenn Beni-Khaibar is so odieos
among Mahoomedana that its application is
regarded as a great insult In manners and
qppeannee th«D Jews do ^t differ from other
Anbs. Their state has eiisted npwards of
1200 years ; and though the town was captured
Mohammad in the
Lohammad in the serenih year of the
h, A-D. 628, it is still said to be floiDzish-
ingandpowerfoL It was here that Mohammad
receiTed from a Jewess a jNoisoned egg, pro-
fessedly to test his prophetic powers, wnich
laid the seeds of flie disorder under which he
finally sank ahoal foir yean afterwarda.
^«3^ lUtkftya^, Jndea ; Jadaism.
kJ*^yti Tak^t^t Jndaical. Jew.
aQI u1<> J« yak^i^ aUah, HayGod direct
yon ! (said in answer to one who congratolateB
another when sneenng).
SVD OF PABI I.
AN
ETOLISH ATO ARABIC DICTIONARY.
PART THE SECOND.
6tt0li8j awir ^ralrir.
A5
ARABIC DICTIONARY.
PART THE SECOND.
^ttjjliaj auir $,ivilit.
ABA
AbandoiB^ r. C/p tarai,jS^ hajar. To
abandon oneself, cJU^t inhimdk.
Abandoned (forsaken), C^^^ matrUk,
Abandoning, or abandonment, kl^ farkf
j^ ^f uIh?* A«fr5»», ^ir* fnat-
Abase, v. ^j waita\ J J %M, To abase
oneself, eUiJ^ t^^uta^. For Thou art
not to be qneitioned regarding that which
Thoa dost; and Thou art able to do whatso-
eyer Thou wilt i^tolled be Thy perfection !
Thou enrichest whom Thoa wilt, and whom
Thoa wilt Thoa impoyerisheet. Thoa magni-
fieit whom Thoa wilt, and whom Thoa wilt
Thonabasest, Jju7 Uwc Jw) uJoU
Aba8ed,^^«A>* Aiij^r, JJJ zalll^jJL^^,
mukkJcar,
KboaemiBDii jjia^ tahklr* Self-abase*
ment, ^^^y tawddu^
Abash, V, Jf^ hhajjal. Abashed, ^Ji^
khaflan. To be abashed, J^ kkqfU.
ABH
Abate, v. (make less) fjofij nakhui. (To
beoome less), ^joSj nukei.
Abatementr ^l*^ twMsdn, (Jij^ iamfl.
To make an abatement, ^jASi\ ijJi^
mukdsart Ottoman.
Abbess, ».jl*ii\ i»*^ rayMt addayr.
Abbey, s.jiJ dayr.
Abbot, t. yJ<^J\ {jHj ^^ orruhban.
Abbreviate^ v,j*r\f^ \ Mtasar.
Abbreviation, jLdCiLfi^l ikhtisdr. Abbrevia-
tions of words, c:^|^Ua&>.t ikktiad/rdt,
Abbre viator, yidiirr* mukhtoiir.
Abbreviated, ^^-^^L^ mukhtator.
Abdicate, r. ^(Jj^ tand%al^,
Abdioation, J)^^ t^^tsa/, uj^ tark.
Abhor, 9. 9\jSsmJ utikr&h^ Thereapon
she said, Sleep on thy night, and mayest thou
neyer wake again ! 1 abhor thee and thy ag^y
fiwe. My som is wefury of thy company. I do
not know when he will take thy soul away, so
that I may get rid of thee ! ^^Jb \ jlj
o"
ABO
(470)
ABB
Abhorred, ^^^^ tnakrnh. [htyah.
Abhorrence, »\Jz*A utikr&h, ljb\^hird'
Abide, v. ^^jL^ aahana, CX« makasa.
Abiding, ^iSl ikdmah. Abiding-place,
Abject,^:J>- haklr.
Abjection, lij %illat, J J Bt7. Bow art
thou reduced to humility and submission, and
abjection and obsequiousness, after thy dis-
dain and pride, and tyranny amd haughtiness,
Ability (power), ijji htdrai, j\jcj1
Middr, The beet of my ability, ^^.Mud-
4^j\ JCJ \ hasab iktiddri. Ability (faculty
of the tnind), ^Jac ^kl, SLi\ji fardsat,
Ab initio (Iiat.)> aiv. J^i\^J^ mindldsL
Ab intestate (Lat.)» ^adv. Z^jj^ ^^
min ghayr watiiyaK
Abjectly, <n^. Jjj hmttm.
Abjuration, k)ljJ^I irtHsJL
Abjure, v. Sjj\ uftai.
Able, Jilj MM, ^Jli hsiiir-. TobeaUd,
J jJ hadisr. And when they httdl>Mtight
the wealth before me, I said to tiiem. Can ye
deliver me by the means of all these riches,
and pufchMe for me therewith one day dnrin?
which I may remain alive ? But they could
not do so ! tj^J^^jj-J Jll^ \^ja»A Uli
Ablution, JImJlcI igUUalf yi^ wodu.
Aboard K^jXi\^ Jtl marMb. (They
went aboard), i^^jt^\ ^ 1^ nida
fil markab.
Abode, 8. ^ICi makdn, ^^SLu^ maskan,
Jjv^ mantal, w:^ 5ay^. Upon this
^ble have eaten a thousand one-eyed kings,
iandA thousand kings each sound in both eyes.
All of them have quitted the world, and taken
up their abode in we sepulchre and the grave !
tKlt lJ1\ ifjJUll ^JJb ^ J^l jJ
Abolish, «. JILjI t^<d^ ^/«M.
Abolished, ^^.A>» ina/««M.
AboHtion, *. Jlki\ fJfcH ^/iwtA.
Abominable, ^ji^ fnahrHh.
Abominate, v. 2ftyic;M9l M^tib-dA.
Abomination, 8. i^»Ji^ makr^Mah,
Abominatiims, ^\:J^ ^handi^^ ^M
kabd^, C^Uj^yU mahruhdt.
Aboriginal, ^^Upl j^^Ji ^j;^ J^y^
mutawaUin min hutlm uxsamdn.
Abortion, t. tU^if uibd^, ^^ turh.
Abortive, adj. f^\j ndku.
Above (over), ^le. ^\ jy fauik\
(high), ^U ^aft. From above, jy ^j^
minfauA. Abovementioned, ^\jLwL«!^
almmhdr ikyh,j^j^ \ almaftkUr, Above
measure (•excessive), «\>-!L btld haddy
lfi)l jy fawk alhadd. '
About (around), jS^fidawdr, J^ JUnr/;
(near), c-^^ *«irT3, %Jy&i toM&m,
*xic ^nda ; (ooncemnig), ^^ ^«n, ^S /f •
Know that thy aoul is about to quit the
world, and to perish and depart from it ; then
wilt thou be ndnced to destruction ; and it
is the worst abode to which thou art going,
Lfi^^ ♦ UjXL. Li jil (iC-j J Ji ^\
Abridge, r. jL£;£wl ikhiiidr.
Abridgment, 8.j\»di£>-\ tkhi$8&r.
Abreast, aUI amdntf Jj\sU imiidM.
Abroad(withoutdoor8), U^la^. Mtfrffon,
^\jib^ ndhiram,
Abrogation, JlLit atalf ^ mukh.
Abrogated* a^\ ^^mi^ maniUkk^
fMif8ilkk,
ABS
(471)
AfiU
Abscen, *. t-»- kabbah.
Abscond, v. \k:J^\ ikhtifii.
Absence, 4^ gKayhaty c»>L£ ghmfdh.
Absent, l^U gkdyib.
Absent, v. (^U ghdh. To be absent (in
mind), jl^^V \Jj^ ffhartk h%l afidr.
Absent things, <-^U^ ghayhdt. And
she used to love me bo tenderly, that when I
absented mpelf from her, she would neither eat
nor drink till she saw me again in her company,
^jLji^ Jil-H l^ wr^ lil
Absentee, «. i.^lc ghayib.
Absolve, 9. ^ ghafara.
Absolved, i^j^^ maghfUrlahiL
Absolution, blks^l iJjL/9 maghfarat ul
khatdgd.
Absolute (despotic), j;ik^vtti^ia^,Jii:MM^
muatakU; (complete), a\j tdm, i*UJ
tamdm, J^l^ kdmil, Absolate power,
Absdntdy (despotically), ]Uima*« mtMf a-
ib72ai», Ulk^ mutlakan; (perflectly),
Absolateness, ^Laikx^ mutlMyah, J!Uxm>\
Idligah,
Absorb, 9. ^Ibj^ ti^Td^. And she looked
to the riffht and left, and then shnt the win-
dow, ana disappeared. Fire had been shot
into my heart, and my mind was absorbed by
her. My hatred of women was torned into love,
Absorbable, pliij]ll^uJjil:al\^^;C».>ii»Mi»i*-
kinat tmuhiftpal MUd^
Absorption, ^cj\ Attld^
Abstain, v. (to shun, avoid) LmAiA^-]
ifiindhf ^jSxs^ HUkdr mm. She
then folded the letter, and gave it to the old
woman, saying to her. Deliver it to him, and
aay unto him, Abstain from theae words. And
she replied, I hear and obey, iJD^ J
dJbcS \4 cuju^ j^ aut\^ t^\sii\
isJUi Jl^\ \jA ^ 1^ dl ^y^ ^
Abstemious, abstinent, JjS^S ^^
muktaml ^ vidld^ cyi kand^
Abstinence, i^\:c>>-\ ifttndby ^jr^^
. ihtirdt, ^\:c^\ inUind^
Abstract v. (take away), ^jJcls^-I tkhta*
las. To make an abstract, j^aaSA ikh'
iatar. Abstract nonn, ,<2»a^ ff^\ tsm
macna.* Abstract verb, ^^U ^^fi^
ndkia. Abstract number, i^^/s^ J«Xfi
^adad tnt^'arrad. Abstract idea, jy»aj
J^jK^ tasiHotour mufturrad. In the ab*
stract, aiv. jlU^Si ^Jlc ^oM iUdk.
Abstractedness, ^ mK^.
Abstraction, ^^^/^^ ikhrdj\ (jl/2 tajrik,
fipj sirkat, ^^ijSfr tqfr^d, *^^j^ ^J^
ikyun mufarrady 4^1 iohH,
Abstractly, adv. 1Uimm« mmatdkUlan.
Abstnue, abstract, ^jU^ nutghlak.
Absurd, Jl«r^ muhdl.
Absurdity, Ji«i\ Ju^ ^^ shay dtddal^kl.
Absurdly, Jac^^ ^ mm ^^r ^a^/.
Absurdness, s.^y^junUn, ^Uqj hutldn.
Abundance, i^ kisrai. [fiy*^'
Abundant, ^^ kaAr,j3\j wafir, ^/^
Abundantly, adv, 2r<3lo hizyddah.
Abuse 9, (to ridicule),^jBr***^ tamaskhar;
(to deceive), (jyu^ ghash; (to speak
obscenely), ^^^uj>.UJ tafdhash.
Abuse (ill use), ib J^ icKs. ^dat radiyat \
(ridicule), HjS^**^ maskhara.
Abusive, ^^\y^\ «Xi didd al katcdnin.
Abusively, ^y\jjj0 bighayr kdnlLn.
ACC
(472)
ACC
Abatment (see Bonndazy, eto.)> The
abutments of a bridge, lijiX^- hudiid.
Abyss, 9. fji ^amk^ AM htjjfat, jf ghamr,
A bottomless pit, (j^j^i hlr ^omfifc.
Academy, «. ^yJi\J\,^ ddr ulfimUn.
Academic, «. ^yilljl jj c-jyyji^ tnaniui
liddr ulfunun.
Accede, t^. (to acquiesce in, consent to),
J^ kahil, ^j ridl. To accede to a
throne, ^jtXp^ jaUm.
Accelerate, v. J^:^ i^^'
Accelerated, J>i^ mu^ai.
Acceleration, ^j^\ itrd^
Accent, «. i^j>' harahat ; (to point Arabic,
etc.), (^j&\ a^ah.
Accept, V. (take) J^ Mil.
Acceptance, J^ hahulf h\^\ ijdhai.
Acceptable (agreeable), JjfA-« makhid,
j^J^ moihknr, ^j^ mtirdt.
Acceptably, J^fAi HkabiU.
Accepted (receiyed), J^^L* nuMaJ.
Acceptation (received sense of a word).
Access (way, approach), J^«3 dukhul,
^\ L^jij tdkarrvh'iU, To have ac-
cess, . Jue A^ti dakhal ^<Ua\ Access
(addition), sj\ij ziy&dat. The access
or fit of a fever, i^^^j^*^ i^dtrr al
humma* Be happy and cheerful, for I
iwill not cease my endeaToun until I procure
thee an interview with her, and obtain for
thee access to her, ^^^*^j ^^^ ^^^
Accessory (additional), Jotj %d'ld,
^radi. Anything accessory,
damlmah.
Accessible, Jy^J^I ^Jji Idyik addukhul^
J^ JiS\ ^jL^^ mumkin adduihul.
Accession to a throne, ^j^ julUi. He
celebrated festiyitieSigaTesumptttousbanmiets,
conferred rich robes of honour upon aU the
princes and generaU of the army, bestowed alms
Tn the poor and needy, and set at liberty
the pruoners; and the people rejoiced
at the accession of King Kamar-ei-Zaman ,
Accessory (assisting in a crime), f^j
L^jJI raflkid %anb.
Accident, $. Xj jl>- hddisai, ^^ ^drid.
Accidents, i^c\j>- hawddit, u^j^y^
^awdridf f-£^^ wakdl^. By aoddent,
adv. ^\sui\ i^y) Uwajhd iUifdh.
Accidental, ^j^ ^adl.
Accidentally, \j\iu\ ittifdhan. Acci-
dents of the body, A^Ka^mp^ u^l^
^lodridjwndniat Accidents of for-
tune (adversities), 4^^^ ^wdyik.
Acclaim, v,n. \^j\^ s^^^ ndda* adrikhan.
Acclamation, 9. JuL|J tahhl.
Acclimate, acclimatize, v. a. \^\ Jla J^
^aiwwad ^alal hawd.
Acclivity (ascent of a hill), J^sf* if JJ^
wahdatjahal.
Accolade, 9. ^\x^ mu^nakdh*
Accommodate, v. (to adapt), ^\^ wdfak^
u- ^f^ ndsah.
Accommodated, (ji^y muwdfik, ^jji
Idyiky L» ■.■.>L^ mundaib. Pray be
accommodated, fCJ^ J^iiAj ta/addai
i9tarlh. C^T/^ murik.
Accommodating, part. (ji\y muwdJiJi,
Accommodation (fitness), 4«*«sL/e «Mitd-
9abat, iA3\y muwdfaiatf cMy iawfik ;
(reconciliation), jUJl Mi/di. Aooom-
ACC
(473)
AGO
modation bill, a;»»-]Lk.tf^ ^Jjj polina
Mildkiyah.
Accompaniment, 8» <t4y4«^ damUmahm
Accompany, v. fji\j rd/ak.
Accomplice, 8. u-^ JJl ^jJj raflhdwanh.
Accomplish, v, (finiBh), ^^ iammam,
O my broiher, I haye no ftirtner want of the
shop, for I haTo aocomplished the pnimMO
for which I took it, and I giye it to thee,
with tdl that it contains, completely on
aoconnt of thy haying come abroad with me,
and tiiy absenting thyself from thy country,
Aocomplished (completed, perfect), |*UJ
iamdm^ J^\^ Jcdmtl. Accomplished
(in mind or person), c->ji u-^^»-l-^
Accomplishment (completion), i^tiJi »^-
fyidm. Accomplishment (of mind or
body), J-oi fail, ij J sf»a^. Accom-
plishments, JjLiifaddifd, JU^kamdl
They were educated with ^^^eat care, magni-
ficence, and tenderness, and instructed in polite
arti and accomplishments. They learned
caligraphy, general science, the art of adminis-
tration, and horsemanship, until they attained
the utmost perfection, and became distin-
gniahed by consummate beauty and loyeliness,
Accomptant, j?<ir^. L--.^v-»l.«f* tnuhdM.
Accord, or accordance, iai'^ muwdfakat,
With one accord, J^lj J^V ** »^^*"
/djfc iodhid.
Accord, r. ^j waffah.
Accordant, according, (ji^y muwdfit.
According as, according to, accordingly,
koHtb, Jt^ mul,j^^ hikadar.
According to custom, (^y^J^ t^mmr^
hasab arruiUm, According to the sig-
nal, ij\J^i\ k^^M^ hasab uPiaharat.
According to the occasion, i^'^m'^
Liu^f hamb utiktida. According to
the emei^iency, ^\p^\ji^^ bikadar
uTihttydj. According to permission,
^U-Sf y^^m'^ hoiob vTjfdsat. Ac-
cording to order, aC^\ \^^tnr*^ hmah
vThukm. Thus I continued for the space of a
year, after which I came one day into the
desert, according to my custom, and I wandered
about, Sjl^ JUJ^ \iJb ^^^ k:uwsJj
\
Accost, 9. f!L» iottam, lS^ karrab.
Accouchement, «. scHj walddah.
Accoucheur, jJ^f z*:?^ hoMmidtawUd.
Account, «. c-^La>. hUdb. To settle
accounts, v_ -^^'^ hdiob. The balance
of an account, c-^Lu^l ^l^ bdll
alhUdb. An auditor of accounts, ^j^\
(^LwoJl <mln Misdb. To call any
one to an account for money, c-^JJ?
c^Lu^\ talab alhiidb. To rectify an
account, c-^Iau^\ ^^^ iahhah Mudb.
An account (narrative), j^ khdbar,
d^ imah, lAi^ hikdyat. To give
an account, .^s^- kkdbhar. Account
(value), ^UJ Jdmatf j\^ i^ibdr. To
make account of (to esteem), jfix\
i^ttbar. On your account, cl^^l ^;-«
mtft qfalak. On this account, J^f ^^
Cj]j min ajl %aUk. Short accounts
make long friends, i^,ss^j^^ c-.>luu»-
Ai^kUdbun kasilr muhabbatun tawilah.
But I was troubled in heart on account of
your absence from me, and my sadness for yov
Ion, and my staying in the palace by mji'
ACC
(474)
AGO
tti^U t-.j«, uUi!! jy^ \i\ j]^
AfioountaUe, J^JL^ mot'*;.
Aooountant, «. ^.^Lb* «ti*d*.l.
Aoconnt-book, ».^0 da/few.
Acoounting-hoaBe, <. ^_,^^., miitai.
t
A43oonnt8 (arithmetic), c-;UJ| Ac ^dm
Acooutremente, #. j?/. i^^Lyx oL Jut
mtdhnsat ^oBkanyah^ He made teady
the accoutrements and weapons, and mounted,
With his forces of the Jinn and of mankind,
jpon the carpet, with the biids flying over his
head, and the wild beasts beneath ttie caipet
marohing, k^j^ ^Ul^ ifjuJi :^\^
^yiL» bluuJl v^or^
Accredit, ». it. jjJu> w<«ii*, ^ j^^cLcl
AccrGdited,^^-a«^ mu^iahar, ^r -ja-t mw-
Aoorae, ». (to arise as profit), CL>jjhj
Accumulate, r. ^4^jama^.
Accumulated, ^y^jsr* tMfmu^y J\j:^
Accumulation, j-^^/om^, ^^/JiahoUn.
Accumulative, j%j/Jlj ijljl] J^lS JfcfiW
uniyaddh wdl iahwim.
Accuracy, iJ*-*" «flA^i^.
Accurate, l^^Ja^ uwaJft^, -^wb^ wAf^i.
Accurately, i^ Jij WiW toAAa^.
Accursed, ^y^ nnd^n (pi. ^^1^
fMla^n), ^^ la^n. May he be ac-
cursed, Ux: aDI ijJ la^UdM^dayhi.
Accusation, i l^ Mi%dya^, l^Lt AahvA,
»yJ^ ihakwah.
Accusative^ a. ij Jyuu^ tna/^iOun hik.
Accusable, il^l (joL^ muiiahik otA-
shikdyat.
Accuse, r. lULc ^Jc-il wAWitf^M,
Accused, <Ux ^y:X« mudd^ ^akyih.
Accuser, t. ,^J^ mudda^.
Accusing, part. prei. ^JcJ^ mushtakl.
Accustom, V. ^ jjc ^auwad ^aU.
Accustomed, jla«^ mu^idd. To be
accustomed, to accustom oneself, jLu
^Jx ta^awwad ^ala'.
Ace, «. j^i tfM. [%Aayr rds.
Acephalous (without a head), {jm\jjJo
Acerb, ^^^l^ hdmid.
Acerbity (sourness), !LiyAs>^ htmUdat.
Ache, #. ^^j wqfa^. The head-ache,
(^VJS^ j-^j t^tf;a^ arrd«. The belly-
ache, ^Jia^\ ^rj-j icaja^albatn. The
tooth-ache, ^LJt ^^jtr<i;Vr^(w«inoii.
The ache, or disease of the liver.
«V^t fTo/a^ alkibd.
Ache, r. (suffer pain), ^^y tawajja^.
Achieve, r. Jif kammal, JiJ tammam.
Achievement, «. (heroic action), JUil
ir ju««k»- of^fi/ hamidah.
Acid, (^^i^l>> hdmid. To make acid,
acidulate, (^^a4i>« hammad.
Acidity, acidness, Layt^ kumiUka.
Acm^ (of a disease), ^[^a^, lahrdn,
(^\jss^\ /•jJ yawm oil haJ^dn.
Acknowledge, v,y karr, uJ^I ictaraf.
Acknowledged, J^-i* makbal, Jl^
mukarrart (^jxjl^, mu^raf,
Acknowledgment(confession),^l if iirdr;
(gratitude), ^\/j:» ihukrdn; (oonoes-
sion), ^Lm»-^ thsdn.
Aconite (wolfsbane), c^JJl j;iU-
khdnik asalh.
Acorn, «. l?^ haHiU.
Acoustic, ^^A^Jt Jlc ^ilm uuama^
Acoustics, <yUiM) MMVNI^f •
ACB
(475)
Acxr
Acquaint, v.
\ alhhar. And she
wrote on the door to aeqaaint her beloved with
the tnuuport of paanon that she experienced,
whicSi was such as would make the fleah to
tj
qoake^ andmelttheharde8trock,Vi..«w^^
Acqnaintanoe (knowledge), isyut mo^rt-
fai, JLc ^Im; (femiliarity), L^La^
musdhahatf iLmf^ iuhhai. I hare seen
her many times, and she was my companion
when we were little children; out now we
have no acqnaiataaee with each oihar, on ao-
ooimt <^ the distaiioe between us, (jt
, s^m/>Xfi cuJI^« ifjjj^ \j\^ \uz^\
Acgnaintanoe, «. c^-.'^-Ui^ mM&hih.
Acquainted (familiar), uJJj^ WMXlaf^
v^j}L« md/ti/; (informed), ^Usm mii^
fo/t^. To be aoqaaintedi ^LLt <rM!«^«
Acquaintanceship, <a!( t^/^Ay Z*sr^ ami*
hdbhah,
Aoquieaoe, v. ^j roily JJ kahU,
Aoquieeoenoe, J^ Jtab^ U^ ridd*
Acquirable, i^yaa^ffuHahofm^.
Acquire, f?. J«^ hatioi.
Acquired, J^isr* futfAoMo/. To be ao-
quired, J-dcsr Ukmol.
Acquirer, «. Jiioc^ mnAMinl.
Acquisition, acquirement^ ^i^L«s^t ikti'
Acquit, 1^. (pardon), Jlc ghafitr; (to
set free), ^^^oLa^ khakut; (to do one's
duty), Uc u,^yi jUj.
Acquitment, acquittal, ^ ^q/b, ijiiut
maghfarai. An acquittance (receipt),
\j\ ibra.
I*.
Aore, «. ^\*xi fiuUan*
Acridy j^ rnurr.
Acrimonious, adf\j\^ hdr, (Jij^ hanlh
Acrimony, acritnde, ij\/9 nuirdrai,
AaEopolisy ^^•a>> Amm, ^uli ^^a.
Acrostic, 9. (.J^ Jjl ii;:^ *— ^r^ lK (^^
,7*-^ ^-^^ csT**
Across, jy^ ^Hr, Across a rirer,
jfWjf^ ^abar atmahr.
Act, V. ^^^ sana^ ^^yt>c ^amaly ^Jiu
fa^. To act a play, Uy^al ^^i.
Acting,|9ar^.j?r«f.4J^U ^dmi7, J^li/^^i?.
Act ^ Action, «. Jjti ^^/, J^ ^mo/,
^1 «mr. An action, lawsuit, or cause,
\ycJ da^S, c\jj nwd^. Actions,
JUi^ af^dl, Jlf^ u^dL A good
action, JL^ J^^ ^atnal sdUh, An heroic
action, Uc ghcad.
Active (industrious), J^^ C;^.«>-Ltf fdAti
Aar«ibi^. ^^ mmi^ An active verb,
ji^2 muta^addt. Active voice, ajLc^^Uj
5an« m0^/fim. A participle active,' ^\
Activity i>r Activeness, klli imm^^,
^j^ hardkat, ^tjii tkdAm, Sxj^
iSjai\ 8i^t id haraiah. [^dmi7.
Actor, B. (agent), J^li fi^, J^lc
Actual, ^JyAg>^ AaMf, (J^ J sd^f.
Actuality, ^^A:«i>> httkiiat.
Actually, J«lb W^^/, jJ^jll ^^
Actuate, v. a, cJ^ hturrak. To be ac-
tuatedy «• H. cJl^^ taharrak.
Acute, ^li hdU^ ; (ingenious), _^J
sai^I. An acute angle, ir jI^ ^^1j adtrf-
yahhdddak* Aoute-angled, ^^|p\jl>>
hddduk&wiyaK An acute-angled tri-
angle, UI^jJIjU. cJ^ mmdoi Add-
duuModifd,
Acutely, adv. l^\^ A\ji Mrdyfii idgibr
AD£
(476)
ABJ
Acntenen, 4j.
Adage, t. Ji^ nuual (pL Jli^t).
Adamant, jly puldd. An imaginary
metal, after the nature of our word adnmamty
the chancteristic of wbich is hardneas.
Adapt, V, c, ^mAj ndsah.
Adapted, u^^^U^ mwUitih.
Add, f7. a. o\j zdd, i^\J\ add/.
Added, uJLd^ muddf, /^y^^^ wutdmum.
To be added, (^U3t mis/.
Adder, 9.^^m\ af^. Adders, ^U\ afi^.
Addict, V. _)l£ J^ ta^awwad ^aJa^*
Addicted, adf. ^J^:^ mti^^aft.
Addition, ijbj jsiyddat, ^il^f fi{^/Si#.
Addition (in arithmetic), ^-^^^ jatn^
Additions, ajUm^ damayim iJl^Usr^,
mtdhaldt, CL>\ilid/t muddfdt
Additional, JjIj sSt^, ^Ul ii2d/f.
Additive, ^J^^ wash.
Address, v. (speak to), ^^U^. khdtah,
^jOjC ^ad; (to write to, or petition),
f^Vs^j£, j^dS iaddam ^dhdh So his
mother said to him, Do as thoa wilt, but
beware of speaking mdelT to him when
thoa addressest him, for won knowest his
Tiolenoe of temper and his power, and I fear
lest he make a violent attack upon thee,
since he knows not the dignity of any one,
^IcJMj * AJ^U J«3\ * A^U L=JUi
Address (salutation), >»]L> sdldm; (speech),
c^Uar^ khitdh; (skill), jL ^oiU;
(courtship), Jus^f jl^f fsAar a/ mo-
hahhat. Anaddress (petition), Jl^*^
Addresser, «. ^ji»AsL% muUamis.
Adduce, f^.a.^^jJbl^l j\jl\irddulhardkln.
Adept, $.jJb\^ mdhir, J^l^ kdmih
Adequate, ^^Uxv muCdhik, ^p\y mu-
Adequately, XSLlj hUaydhOm,
Adequateness, «. ^U hydkoL
Adhere, 9. ^H Idsak, J^\ Matdk.
To cause to adhere, fj*^ lauak.
Adherence, adherenoy, adhesion, jla^l
Adherent^ ^»flrA^ myMatik, ^/^ vk«k-
# VVvVis ^ fc^w^^W SW^WVWiW^B'4
Adherent, «. ^J^i; ri;^iL [h&k.
Adhesion, £<^]U gw^nawntf, jl^f iUi-
Adhibit, 9. a. v*^ j rattab,
Adhibition, c-ow^ loriii.
Adjacent, ^^^^>^mMa»il^j^sj^ mn^wir.
Adjective Noun, iL^\ jtJ\ wn asfi/aif
vz.^nj nact, i»^Afi» wuf.
Adjectively, v:^ na^tofi.
Adieu, Z^ImJ) w^ mo^MffllasM/. To
bid adieu, i^. 6 Jj wadda^ Ct^^-
Ad infinitum (Lat), adv. allt l^U J\
Ad interim (Lai ), adv. \sjy9 wtuwaikaiaH.
Adjoin, V, fj^^ foasal.
Adjoining, adj. fj^aa^ muttoM.
Adjourn 9. (Jf«famAa/. To adjouzn an as-
sembly, ijAs^\jS>^\ aJMkmr almafku.
Adjourned (to such and such time), J^^-i
c=^j Jli Jl. \Uimr.
Adjournment, <• JV*t tmAd/, .^U
Adjudge or Adjudicate, v. Jl>. Ao^m,
Adjudication, «. Jl^ Aiiim.
Adjunct or Adjunction, t. ^l^t tlifi/i^.
See Addition, Junction.
Adjuration, «. amJ ibuoai. See Oath.
Adjure, v. ^hmJ JbotMm. (I adjure yon)
by Gk)d the Most High, ilS^ r mJ^
^lu ^ Ij tfibtm ^o/oyib ^r^ZoAt <«&dZ0'.
Adjust, t7. Ja3 funm.
Adjusted, f^o:^ mMoSkm^
\raJtUk.
Aim
(477)
ADO
Adjoatmenty lUkJt miiadm, fioj nasm,
i^^J iartth.
Adjoater, «. J9U ndstM. [u^tfi.
Adjutant, «. L^^^jBt m^h, U9^*^ MH^d-
Adminiater or Adminiatrate, r. (order,
gOTom), S^ haiam. To. adminiater
jnatice, ^J^\ i^j^-^ (^ra* alhakk, e^
shara^ To adminiater phyaiCj^U^d A;;.
Adminiatration (goyemment). S.^- hukm,
Zj\^ tiyiUiU; (distribution), ^Jy
i4HC%l^ Lettera of adminiatration, ^
^^^\ huf'ah roimiyah tu^l min taraf
id kulUmah M al waH» [hukOmah,
Adminiatratiye, A^yLs)l (^/^aC ffokm al
Adminiatrator, «. (goyemor), ^^l^ hdhim ;
(a guardian), Isil^ h&Jk\ (an execu-
OP
tor), ^j troHy ; (^a miniater of atate),
jlj^ waAr, [muilriyat.
Adminiatratorahip, «. iJ^Si tddrat, ^^x«
Administratrix, ^U^j trMiyaA.
Admirable, jj\j nddir, Ias^ tuhfat,
^r-^ mwyiJ, L-^.-^^ ^fl;15.
Admirably, a^. ^^ ^;'m*^* V ^M^antro; A.
Admiral, 4. J|i:^«f ammira/, ^^t^*^\
tfmir a/ hahr. Lord High Admiral,
4U^\ J\^\ if jU^. Admiral of the
Fleet, ij\Aji\ J\^\. Yice-admiral,
JI^Hl 4^^U. Admiralty, ijiai
iijj^\. Court of Admiralty, uiist*
^j^\. The Lords Commissioners of
the Admiralty, the Board of Admiralty,
ilj:^\ ^jJjB^. The First Lord of the
Admiralty,4lK^\^U tunindbakriffah.
Admiration, w.^-^^ ^afb, c^^^r**^ ta^jjub.
Admire, v. (wonder at), c^^^y*^ ta^'ah,
%^jtJ\ uiayhrah, j^\ i^tabar; (to
loTe), Jh^ ^mA^J^*
Admirer, «• ^.^ig*^ mut^ib ; (a
lover), Jm*Ic ^d«Ai2fc, 1^.^^-^ niNAti&i^.
Beloved, j^MA/t ifui^iAiiib(fem.4ijMjb<«
ma^jAdia^).
Admiringly, L,»^.y*^ ba^ab.
Admiaaible, J^f ^Ji) /<lytifc alJMul,
^\>4\ (.^.^t^-t^ tcr^/f} dlffdbai.
Admissibility, 4Jj«aJ1 ^^J t9tf;Ct3 m/
makhnlijfah.
Admission (entrance), J^O dukhul,
J^J^ madkhal (pi. J^l Jl« madd-
khal) ; (granting), iU-1 tjabat, J^
ibf^fi/, L?^ ruts.
Admit, V, (give entranoe), ^JiZ. j dakh-
khal; (to allow), J^ kMl.
Admitable, J^^a^ tnakbul, l^-^c^I*
Jy^- jJl wdjibul dukhal.
Admittance, JU^Jl idkhal. No admit-
tance, -j4i.M><^ ^UL«!\ t j^ J^ jj\
^. To gain admittance, J^mJu ,j£^J.
To refuse admittance, J^jJI «^.
To grant admittance, J^jJb ^jf.
Admixture, «. kJx^ iakhlit, \As^ khaU,
^uLJb^ mai&A/a%aA,
Admonish, v. f'^ nasah, <LJ na^iaA, li£^
wa^, 0 my mistress, I was not born with
only one eye. I hare a rery wonderfiil
story, whicli, if written, woald serve as a
lesson to him who wonld be admonished,
^\ ^ l^ c^li!
Admonisher, «. ^\} ndsih,
Admonishing,admonition, Jc^Uu nasthat,
l^>^ ianblh.
Ado, «. c-^yaJl iitirdb. To make an
ado, ^^Jkl^\ ittarab.
Adolescence, L^ mM, Lj ^^ ihub€ibiat.
Adolescent, adj. c«>l^ «Ad&.
Adopt, V. yJmB^ iahassan, j\s^\ tkhtdr.
To adopt a son, ^jJj tabanna\
ADV
(478)
ADY
Adoption, ^^ tahama.
Adorable, ^ Ssf^ yusfad lahu^ Juu
yu^ad; (loyelj), Jh^*^ ffUfjhak.
Adoration, ijU ^tbddat, 0^ sujud.
A place of adoration, Jut^ ma^ad.
At the sight of W I prostrated wjmi in
adoration of her Creator; for the fairness
and beauty which He had displayed in her
person ; and, lo<dung towards me, she
said, Who art thou t — a man or a Jenne6 P
^\ CLjJaJ JUJ^j ^j**^\ ^^ Iffi
Adore, v. jjst^ sqfad, Jw%fi ^dbd.
Adorer, «• Jv>>L> adjid, JoU ^dhid. An
adorer of the sun, ^j^^tuW jU^ ^Mdd
oihshams. Adorer8offire,^/Mjjr^ifU2fa««
mm
Adorn, V. ^J wyyan.
Adorned, ^J^ fnmayyan.
Adorning, pari. pres. ^ U« mtaayyin.
Adornment, «• ^Jj totyln.
Ad referendum (Lat), adio, A^U&Jtt Jj^l
^t«X«xJllj /»Vi;7 vi wti^ldm wal iitHdn.
Adrift, M^U ^dym. See Floating.
Adroit, adf,jJb\^ mdhir.
Adroitly, adv, ALas:^, hihllah.
Adroitness, isj*^ ma^fah, ^J^^^^*- hllah,
AdscititiooB, o^f*. ^jfi- ^aradl, Jm|j
Adatiiction, ^^^dJ kahd.
Ad valorem (Lat), luTv. u^'^r^y ,^^lc
ij^l ^o/a' mawfib Maman.
Advance, 9. (go forward) i^oaj tdkaddam.
To advance money, ^1^ J <^Lt M1S0/
dardhm. To advance in years, i^iXAj
^^li. The Sheykh therefore advanced
to those looks, and he opened them by his know-
ledge and coorage andgreat skill, ajSgj
Advance, advancement, ^ J^ taiaddumy
\Sjj\ vrtikdf ^Ji taraiki ; (increase),
mm
jrjbj ziyddah, «>l;«>;\ ndiydd, i^^^m
mdbdb* [tiddm M^mr.
Advanced in jeen,j04ji\) /^JJex^, mttto
damatiuljayuh.
Advantage (profit), i^Jkjli fd/ydai^ ^j
naf^ hdi^ manfi^ (pi. ^U^
mundfi^ ; (opportunity), ^J Jurtat.
Advantage, v, JUI (/a<?, ^a3 nafa^ To
reap an advantage, wbjl intafa^^
jUimiI istafdd. To have the advan-
tage, k.;J^ ghaUhfJ^ Mfar.
Advantageous, JuiU «ii{/tJ, ^U <*4^^-
Advantageously, ?JjU Jij bikoifdydat,
ifd:^ Jil> &t%o^ tnanfa^.
Advantageonaness, 9. ijS\ifitydat,
manfa^.
Advent, ^^Uum*!^ l5^ ^"^ ^ "^^"^
Adventitious, luff. ^UJ) fl^<»)ftei^l,
^aradl.
Adventure, $. (accident), ^jOj\^ ^ridy
Ja^ khaiar. [t0$adda\
Adventure, tr. j^\sfr iafdiory ij*^^
Adventurer, $, s^/H^ mt^'tari; (a
merchant), jP^\j tdj'ir ; (a vagabond),
^lijl awhdih; (a traveller), ^L*^
Adverb, «. uJ^ narf, i^Jei\ ^ ism
Adverbial, adf. ^jo ta/rfi.
Adverbially, adc. jV/^' ^j^V*
Adversary, 9. jJlc ^aiAier (fem. fjj^
^nwat, pi. Ij^t n^A! and ^/oUt
a^Sift). A mortal adversary, jJlc
Ls..vy4>^ ^lu^ft mumtt. To be an adver-
sary, i^<i>^ ^ddi^. To cite adver>
saiies before a jadge, Umup) ,Ji>A
ahdar al kkuaamd.
ADV
(479)
APF
Adyene, t^U::^ nnMOltf, wUe^ imm*
khdi%m,j)\M mugh&yir* Advene acci-
dents, u^^y nawM.
AdTenely, adv. ^U^l^ t/J^U M
^akii wal mvJthdhfah,
Advenenees, iL^ iikat.
Adversity, i^\L^ thakdwat, y*^ naki,
JLmo^ mufihat, if Jlmi ihiddat.
Advert, v. ^^ ^^J^ athHru iU ihyin.
Advertise, r. ^^i ashhar,jf^ ihdblar,
JlcI a^m.
Advertisement (notice), ^^ khabor (pi.
Advertiser, b. Is^ tnukkkhahhtr, j^^^
Advice (counsel), Iaa«^ imiAii^, 4^fj
r&f, )ac^ wa^Zy ^JJ taMrf ijyu^
mMhwarat. Good advice, u^U k^\j
rdy 8dkib. Bad advice, xJj i^\j
rdyfdM, To give advice, ^ nasah.
To ask advice, ijy^J^ i^AVf ialah
moBhwartU. Good news, or advices,
^luuj luhdrat. To send advice, fj>^j\
y^ artal hhdbar. [iJ^ ^aiUt.
Advisable, J^jI ^yt^, i^-'^l^ t^a;t},
Advisability, #. Zi^miL^ mtmd«a&i>A.
Advisablenesff, «. I^^il:^ muftdM^aA.
Advise, v. ^ nasah, j^ Jchabhary
yiJ dabhar.
Advise, v, n. j\jj*i^\ istashdr.
Advised, j^ ^Uc^ tna^ hhabar. Ad-
vised (prudent), ^ JJ c,>^''>"lig #dAt}
^oiMr. Well-advised, JiU ^diUZ.
Ill-advised, ^JcJf aJ[4X£ ^adimuttad^
lUr* Be advised by me, ^^>a3 w4i«iU
Advisedly, oip.^^Cbll Juu ^a^i^ al tafak-
kur, \juaS kasdan.
AdvisednesSy^Jj foi^fr.
Adviser, t. ^U ndM,
Adulation (flattery), jJUJ tamalhik.
Adulator, t. (jLi^ mumaUtk.
Adulatory, JhU^ mumdttik.
Adult, jJIj ^<:/i^A.
Adultness, ^^ hdughiyat.
Adulter, r. (or commit adultery), ^j
sono', ^jMiifoMk.
Adulterate, v. (jl£ ^^A, Jij tagJud*
Adulterated, ^yi*x^ mag^%hii$ky j^y%
muaawar.
Adulteration, JLjfa$dd,
Adulterer, «. ijfj sdnf , JUjU /dftil.
Adulteress, i. ^\j %dmat
Adultery, Uj wind, ^J^J fi$k» To com-
mit adultery, UjJt ^AuL c^ ^Jyl,
trAitai AA4i%a/ ossiiid.
Adumbrate, #. (shade), Jii? sa2M; (to
sketch), w; fWMim.
Advocacy^ «. (is\kj^ $haf&^.
Advocate, «. J^ wakll, \^Si\ J«^,
^Lm« mubdikir, ^jL& lAo/t^. Judge-
Advocate ^duA^ L5*^^ ^^ «l«^
tA«^^. To advocate, ^iuJ Uuhaffa^.
Advocateship, ^U^ ihafd^ai.
Advocating, i^r^^ -^ir^ l5**^' <um^
bitarruflj mtuilahah.
Aerial, ^y^ hawdl. [j^ilmalhawd.
Aerology (science of the air), \^\ Ae,
Aerometry (measuring the air), (jmIJ
\^\ kiyiUalhawd.
JBthiopia, (jiu^l SL baidd al haboih.
Ethiopian, «. ^<mm>» habathl, ^Jit^f^-
habaah.
Afar, JuiU Sa^fi.
AfEability, affableness, t^Jls! ItUf.
Afhble, cBjVil /a^l/.
Affiibly, f^oVrlt 3t7tf^/.
I Afidfi «. ^1 amr, ig^\^ hdjat, ^
AFF
(480)
AFF
^amal, J«^ shugU. Minister, Secre-
tary for Foreign AfbirSy jy9i\ )o\j
iUf»^UiM nasaral amOr id khdrifiyah.
AfEecty V. to afliect disdain (to play the
coquet or pnide)y^^\ ashar ; (to move
tenderly), i^JLjuI in^ataf; (to imitnte
unnatorally), jIj iaUad. To affect
with joy, -.y farah. To produce an
effect, J f assar. The old woman began
to affect ignorance to her, and proceeded to
diTert her with talk, until they both approached
the place where Taj el Maluk was concealed,
l^ UJj Ific Jjb\jsXi jysf^\ tl^U^
Affectation, affectedneas, jJlSJ taklid.
Affected (tenderly moYed), i^Ja^a^ mut-
tarih, (JjJc^ munfa^il,jJiL^ tnukaddar,
y\s^ mutaasir, ^^»a>^ mamnUn^ JX/**^
ma9riJLry)o^iis^ mahsOM. Well-affected,
(jl*i^' Ill-affected, ^lfik^^«V£ ^oia
khdyin.
Affectedly, adv, ^.Vtrf;) hi toionnu^
Affectedness, ^^oTf tasannu^.
Affecting, yj^ muamryj^a^ miohir*
Affectingly, adv, ^X^ i^^. ^ wajkin
mubakki.
Affection (love), Jhmx ^hk, itiy ma-
ioaddat, Z^sr^ mahabhat. Mutual affec-
Affectionate, J^J^ wadud.
Affectionately, il J^ J^ bicol muwaddat.
Affiance, i,j\i< khithat; (confidence),
jUifl i^timdd, JULil ittihdl
Affiance, v. ^^^Vis^ khatah, (To give
confidence), sms.\ t^tamad.
Affidavit, 9. ^ S-^r^ ^^J jij^
^Ji^^ takrlr ratml himawjib kaatam wa
pamln. To make an affidavit, ama&j j^
'^*- karrar hikaaamn wa yamln.
Affinity, ii\J kardhai.
Affirm, v.j^ karrar.
Affirmable, jUll ^Jjli*
Affirmant, «. (affinner), ^^^^ nhikarrir.
Affirmation, iJL^lJt uhdtfj\ji\ ikrdr.
Affirmative, i^^^ji^ ikrdri.
Affirmatively, j]ji^ b% ikrdr.
Affix, r. ^j^A laaak.
Affiict, «. *-e ffham, ^oj-^ haaan. And
were it not for the fitct of thy haying brooght
me up (reared me), I wonld lay yiolent hands
upon tnee this moment God has afflicted
me hj this merchant, and all that I hare
expenenced from him was done on thy ac-
count and by thy instrumentality, )^
C^\j Ci-^ ^ ^ Al^ ^ 4,;^ U
Afflicted, ^^}^)^^ makxan, j«aC« mrnkkad-
dor. To be afflicted, ^y>- hizin. Then
he uttered a loud cry, and said, Oh, my
regret! Oh, my disappointment! He was
much afflicted, and struck his hands together,
and said, Oh, my grief! What is this affair P
jUUjJb
sS^^
1 *lJ.-^l
Affliction, afflictedness, ^j>^ Atfsn, ^
gham. I saw a door, and I entered it, and
beheld a palace, stronglv and beautifully con-
structed, where I found a lad?,- like a pearl
of great price, whose asjiect banished from
the heart all anxiety, grief, and afflictions,
* . —
\ J Jl^
Afflictive, fo}^^ mtfAstn, j jjL« mukaddir.
Affluence, affluency, affluentnees, ^^:^
ghana\ JU ma/, J^^^ amwdl.
Affluent, ^J>x^ ghanlf Ji\% vodfir^ \j^}^
/agid,j^ kasir ; {lowing), i^j^^-Jdrt.
Afford, r. i— ^»< tc^oAai.
AFT
(481)
AGE
AJfbrdedy im^^y mawhuh,
Afbrder, v.--^^^ ^o&hib.
Affirancbiae, v» a. ^Js^ ^iaia^
Affranchiaementy fjs^ ^k,
Aftnj, 9. f^ye^ hujUrn,
Affineighty v. a. i^^^j^ JjV! Idwalmarldb.
Affiighty V. L^y>^ khaunoafj s^^wahham.
Affright, affirightment, Jjb Kawl^ 4^^
khawf, Sm^j Ta^.
Affrighted, terrified, ^^j^ mar^b.
Affiightfbl, frightful, terrible, i.-^^i^
tnur^ib.
Affiant, «. iJsL^ (joii, nahhoia Hhdkhihu
Affiont, «. ^JaC^LcAj nakidn hahaki,
\ji3\ iJHrd.
Affronter, «. ^J^ muftarf.
Ai&onfingly, \j:i\ Jij hicol iftird.
Affose, V. i— ..Cy »akab.
■
AffbrioD, «• K^mnfl iob, c-^Li^t imibdhm
Afloat, wU ^dim*
Afoot, ^^U indfAf.
Afore, 01^. UjLi tdUlan, 12 L> idlifan,
t«JkL« mtfibaJcfoman. Aforementioned,
aforenamed, aforesaid, i^jJ! v^Li
$dliful%ikr, »jiS i*J^f almukaddam
ukrahu. As aforesaid, ^Ij ^iXa7 U^
ibf»d tdkaddam haydndku. Afore-
thoaght, adj. ,^*^a^ ^madl, (^Ju^
hi$dl. Aforetime, adv. UiLs sdhikany
Uj Jj kadiman, {^^^"^^^j^^ (»ilLi ^
/t «d^/ tJ ^0»r todldtodn.
Afraid, t^U^ i^%i/. To be afraid,
Afinesh, «\|J^ ^ minjadad.
Afront, (Jilfi^ mahahd.
After, Jju ia^J. After this, VdJb St0
3tf^J ^tfsd. After which, Uvl.^
ghahhmd, Ujuu ha^md. After to-
day, |*jjl«iju ha^lyawm. After salu-
tations, after compliments, aUSIjuu.
After death, CJ^^\ Juu ^a^iio/ moir^.
After all, ^J^ J^ Juu 5a^i^ ib/ %hy.
Then he sent gaards and spies after him,
through the sea and in other directions, bat
they met with no tidings of him ; wherefore
they retnmed and infonned the king thereof,
LT^ W!^ u;^*^ ^LiU ^i^ ^\ ^
il^Aj LL^l IjjLfi^j W>/-^
After-birth, <i4jA>.>< mitf Aima^.
Afternoon, yjjy 1 Juu .
After to-morrow, J^Juo ha^daghadin.
Afterward, afterwards, '^^ minha^;
Juutv^ flmdha^, LtJuu ha^md,
Afterwardsi he gave orders to bring tables
of the richest Tiands, comprising dishes
of eTer^r kind, and the king ate, and pat
morsels into her month until sue was satisfied,
— . ^^^ X^*^
Again, LJjI tfyc^n. Again and again,
ij^ Juu ^ marratan ha^u marrah*
She looked at him again and a^in, and was
not satisfied with contemplating his face:
nay, her love for him 'increased exceedingly,
Against, ^^^ ^ala'; (contrary), uJlL>-
m
MtTcZ^, Ju0 (^'(7(^. Against or upon
him, or it, Jule ^alayhi. Against law,
9j^\ t^Jli^^ Against treaty, peace,
oragreement, ^*^i cJlUr^ J*^\j)\x^
«\fil^ uJifw. . Over against, JjU.^
mukdhQ*
Agate, «. (JUj Jh^ai: ^klk yamdnl.
Age, ^ ^omTy ^ «fiin. The infant
age, i^iy^ tufnUyat. The stripling
age, ^^ hdnghiyat. The youthful
age, (^^Lwl %hdbdb. Old age, <;fiw^fi^
• 31 '
A6I
(482)
AGB
ihayhkahhat, A man a hundred yean
of age, h^ XjU hji i^j» Of the
same BgBtji' t^jifard ^umr. An age,
^t«| lamdn, Ji^ ^aM,Jbti dahr. In
the age of Haron, ^J^ *H^l^ fi^ahd
JSdrHn. Through all ages (for eyer),
^jljJb \S^\ybJ ^\ M dahr sddahi^n.
Thej grew up to the age of WTenteeii, always
in eaen others company, eating and drinking
together, and neTer sepoiated one from another.
Aged, adf, ^^y*^ musin, ^U::^! tkhtiy&r.
Agency, ZJl^^ waidlai, ^lLms^ vaAlat,
Za^]^ wdsitat, Z«Jls>. hhidmat.
Agent, «. J^^ waikUf Jifili /<S^t7, J^L
Agglomerate, v, n. a^UJ ^S^ama ; v. a.
Agglomerated, adf, 9y^>^ rnajmn^.
Agglomeration, ^a^ jami^
Aggrandize, ^^ J^ kahhar.
Aggrandizement, JUtar- ^mmat.
Aggravate, v. Jai sakkaL
Aggravation, ^diu saklat.
Aggregate, fy*^ mfl/ma^.
Aggregate, v. ^^aj>- jamai,^
Aggregation, aggregate, ^lLi^ jutnlat,
Aggress, v. (assault), |«ix t^«3uu ta^addc?
Aggression, i^J^ ^a^tM^f.
Aggressive, adj. i^,^mj ,ta^«ddl.
Aggressor, a, ^Jjcl^ mut^addl.
Aggrieve, r. 0. Ji? salam.
Aggrieved, adj. /^j^ia^ mad^m.
Agility, Isij^ iur^, ils^ ^aJalaL
Agile, Jsj-lfi i&jU.
Agitate, r. cJ t^^ harrdk.
Agitation, Z.^^iUraibi<; (perturhation),
^^|^k.^tM«r£i; (deliberation), ijyL^
miuhwaraifj^tyj iaikfir^ ^ fihr^ ij\j
rayy. He oonid not rest nor he patient, and
he ceased not to soffer agitation of mind and
twiwport,unta the night came, jS/i jJ,
Agitated, (.;j^kj^ muttarib, J«i:>.>»
mtiii/a^f7. To be agitated, c^-^^L^f
ittarah. The idand had moved and descended
to the bottom of the sea, with aU that were
npon it,and the roaring sea,agitated with waTes,
dosed over it, ^jij^^ CS^^^z^jS^di^
Agitator, «. cJ^^s^ wuAorrA.
Aglet, f . (thin plate), aCj ^ofkuhi.
Agnation (relationship by the father),
(^Vi ^ h\^ kardhat m$n aldh.
Agnus Castus (tree), jV|j\ X^4S ^6 xu
khamsat awrdk.
Ago (past), UjLa idhikan. Long ago,
JJ ^ mm ^^/, JJ kabl, jLS kahlam.
Agonist, agonistes (prize fighter), ^^
paMatodn*
Agonize, v. c jU ndM^,
Agony, cj^l JU- ^d/ aiifkisd^. The
agony of death, CL;yJ1 c^l^ ^oib^d/
al mawt, To be in the agony of death,
•f;l3 ndsta^
Agrarian laws,>t. pL ^joar ^Ji f-SU^
cJLtJI ^4mJ SlyLu^ fAordt^ ibKitiiMA
,takhu9 masdtodt khumuitvl amldlL
Agree, r. ^^j ra<?J, ^jiJl ittafak.
Agreeable, <^.>^>rfl;^ mii9id«t3, J^«La«Mib-
^6^, ^\y9 muwdjlk. To be agreeable
(suited to), k....^U fid#ad.
AIL
(483)
ALA
Agreeableness, «. J[iiy hUa/ah.
Agreeably, Jyj JJj MM JMlkl
Agreed, J^fft^ ma^Afi^, C?* V« «»««^4M,
Jljlkn mtitahik. Agreed upon, jitj
To be agreed, j\^]ji hardkirdr. To
be agreed npon, ^ ^MuiS jij troib^
dlittifdh fala\ Agreed ! Ijo- u-wL^
munOnb jiddan.
Agreement, j\sS\ Mifdi, jUrl iWAae?,
if.AJbU^ mn^hadat, SiSj\^ muwO/lhU,
\pjJi> short ; (resemblance), ^ iA^
Agricultural, ddj. d^M\ ^joaCyalhui ul
Agriculture, le\jj xard^ai, i:>-li faldhat.
Aground, {jOji\ Ic ^ala lard.
Ague, 9. A tertian ague, ^dd^ 15^
humma* musaallasah. A quartan ague,
^^ LS**^ ^i»i«ia' m«ra^0^aA. The
cold or trembling fit of an ague, ^ jJl
aihardiif(U,
Ah ! ill ah.
Aid, JX« 0uii<aJ, ^JlcLm^ masd^adah.
^ys- ^icn, iUl f^dna^. By the
divine aid, vJU^I^^^b hit mwr ar-
Aid, V. ^Ul tf^dff, iXcLi «d^a^. And we
eet nil by the permiflsion of God, whoee name
be exalted ! rortane aerved lu, and destiny
aided qb, and we ceased not to proeecute our
Toyage until we arrived in safety, l3J L»^
Aider, «. ^XaLm^ musd^, u^^ mucdwin.
Ail, V, a. ^^j wqija^.
Ailing, adj. 9^y mawfn^
Ailing, i, ^^3 ^^^^
Ailment, ^^^ wafait J\ ohm.
Ailments, ^^i amrdd.
Aim (design), Lj nUU, Xai ha^d, j!^
murdd, ^Je. ^imwi, ^jOjA gharad JuoL*
maksad, J^aL^ maksHd. To take aim,
^w «kfiLt akhaza nishdn.
Aim, f;. j^ koMod, Then he proceeded
to meditate upon her case, and said within
himself I will rise and lay hold npon her,
and ask her respecting her state^ and if this
be she, I will demand her in marriage of
herself. This is the thing I seek, and which
constitutes my aim, \yjc^j\^ ij\ J
Jli ^ v^U Ji l^U. ^ \4\jy
Aimed, J^«d£^ mahsud.
Aiming, ptMri, a^U it5«te?.
Aimless, o^r'. ^Ull ^ ^aUlfddl.
Air, lyh ^au7d. The element of air,
W^/*^*^- An air (in music), UJu
naghmat, ^ lahn. Airs, tl^Uu
naghmdt, Jlfil <y^«I. To give one-
self airs, to put on airs, ^ takabhara.
In the open air, UnJI cu>oc^ tahtui^
samd. A change of air \y^\j^ taghi-
i-rtd hawd. Poul air Jlw J^mJ^ La
A«wtf mafiikd kattdl Air (mien),^,lai^
mansor, ^^ teafah.
Air, V. (to expose to the air) ti[ib haunoa^ ;
(expose to the sun), ^^JLi shammas.
To take the air, |^1 jU» <Aam «/^M?d,
Air-hole, «. ^^«ii^ manfas.
Airy, ^]^^ hawd'i.
Akin, «<&•. c-^y foH«, <ul^ «if«^J3tA.
Alabaster, ^^1 ^^^^ marmar ahyad.
And in the midst (of the hall) was a great
foimtain of alabaster, oyer which was a tent
of brocade. In those ohamben were different
places, and in each of those places were foun-
tains and tanks decorated and lined with marble,
and channels of water flowed along the flooiv
ALE
(484)
ALL
of tboee diambere, «L>L»Mi I f n»Tj ^j
Alacrity, J^* *A<Hri, tluJ iMwAfi^
Alarm (frigbt, Burprifle), uJ^ Woiff/'.
A false alarm, ^ J-^f ) uJ^ thmfld
oilalahUm
Alarmed, adj. uJ!l^ hh&ylf.
Alarming, adj. i— a-i^ mM^M/".
Alarmingly, adv. \^r^j^ i^ji ^fiwajhin
tnur^h.
Alarmist, ia^ jL:SA j^ uT* *^^
yuihayyi^ akhbdr tnukhifah.
Alasl s\ dh. \}^faJsat.
Albeit, \jJb ^ ma^ hasM, ^ lakin,
Albugo, $. (disease in the eye), ^^^u^ W
Album, f. d£yucr* m<i;fniZ^0A.
Alcaid, ». (governor), j5l5H. [^»ra.
Alcairo (capital of Egypt), ifjb\^\ AlU-
Alchemist, ». C«-^ J^fc^ mu^dlm klmld.
Alchemy, ^:y«^^ alkimid.
Alcohol, «. ^j[^ roh
Alcoholic, adf\ \^3J ^^^'
Alcoholization, «. ^j ^Ju\j»^ tasytr
ashshy rohan.
Alcoholize, ^^j dl«>-^ ahdlahu rohan.
Alcoholometer, s. ^jj^\ U^j^ mlMdn
uldrwdh.
Alcoran, (^J/5^ Alkurdn.
Alcoye, «. ^ kohhe.
Alembic, ». fj^\ anhik.
Alength, J^i^V *»?^*^-
Aleppo, v_ ^r- JETaldb.
Alert, la^..;r..^<i^ mustaykh ; (active, vigi-
lant), ^Li j^Air*
Alertness, 2f\fij\ ifUtbdh.
Alexander, J J^iCrf^ hkandar. [daria.
Alexandria (in Egypt), 44^*Xi^\ Idum-
Alexandretta (Scanderoon), ^j^^'* ^**^
Itkandsrun. [ J V ^^•
Alexipharmic or Alexiteric, «. (antidote)
Algebra, <djUJ\^j-J< alfabr wdl mukd-
haJah.
Alias. See Otherwise.
Alien, «. l^.^jC' ghdrih, •
Alienate, v. (property), J^ hawwei.
AUenable, J^l^liS ^^^Ujj Al >=^cAi
yami^m toAu^iiiAtf tra tamuUukkaku lagh-
airahhad.
Alienation, S^\^ hmcdlah. [matih^l
Alight, adv. j^ munaujwar, J^*^-*
Alight, V. J;3 ««5^. To alight from a
horse, ^;\-aJ\ ^^ J^.
Alike, Jl^ mwd, J^^ mu^dda, j^
naslr, JSU^ murndsil, [kai.
Aliment, aW? ta^m, \^ ghadd, Cl^y
Alimentary, «.£*^-a^ mtdi^. C^^
Alimentation, «. ^JJiJ takdiyah, lzj^
AHmony, %. iSij nafakah. [hdyin.
Aliquant, adf. ^^V=-^ *^^ ^adad muta-
Aliquot, adj. Jd^\Si^ J*Xc ^<wW muta-
ddkhil.
Alive, ^V- Ay*, »^^ muhtahif, j^y*^
ma^rur. "While alive, Uj---J» ^vS U.
Zflmfwfi kdn tayyih, J^*^V u^ ^
lammd kdn hi hayah. More dead thas
alive, \z^^^ kdlmayyit.
Alkali, ^li-1^ u<A«a».
All, J^ koh t--*Jr y«»»Jt ' (^^^'y ^^^^'
t^\ J^ ib/ flAAoJ. Before all thingB,
^ J^ JJ AaW kol shy. Complete
in all, JaL* mukammal. All together,
^U--4n5»- jaml^n. In all, among all
id^l J filjunUah, ^V Wfc«tfi«iL
ALL
(485)
AIM
All at once, is^\^ ^J daf^tan
wdhidatan. All along, A^\ ^J^
^W addmo&m. On all sides, ^
u^l>- J^mtn Mjdnib.
Allay, 9. ^^^ 9akkany t^JJb hadtU^.
AJilBgationyjijSj takrir, t}\j)\ irdd.
Allege, «. t}jj\ awrad,
Allegeable, ^J3!^ i.^^^tj ufdjihattdhf^r^
Allegiance, Z«l£:Uii1 Mik&matf ^^^jLj
All^orical, iAJHz^ mutoMUh^ ^J^^
mafd%l, i^j^j rmnsf •
Allegorically, Ijl^ ffutfd%an.
Allegory, «. J:^2^ ^ojtmT/, Jll^ nuudi,
Allegorize, «. J2^ inomo/, J/^ ranuua.
Allelnjah, ^^Uj^ haJMuffoh.
AJl-embracing, adf. j;ik« W^^ m«Af ^
mtf^JoiS. [yir dl hul.
All-enligbtening, adf. J^l j^^i^ munay-
AUeviate, r. uJasL Uaffaf. \}%yai*
Alleyiation, <— flg.ftac^ iakhfiff XJuuJ ^m-
Allfoors-day, i. ^l^.^^ J^! atrtra/nlfdn*
All-forgiying, <k{p'. Llks^\ lK/^^ ^^o/^*
All-glorioQS, ^jilx« JudzT* I9k2ft[i mutlak.
All-gracioQs, adj. ^bUUI ^^^^^ ^omlm
AU-gniding, oe^'. ,^y*^ dJsj/9 murshid
Alliance (of states), jlij\ tUtfak, J^e.
^ahd, ifjUbU^ mu^dhadat; (consan-
goinity), l}\Ji kardhai.
Alligator, $, ^ji^\ ^\ma3 tmidh ameried.
Allocotion, c^lLsL khitdh.
Allodial, J&Um^ muttakiU.
Allot, V. ^^^aiasp-hatias, mm3 kassam. Then
: the man, hettiid to him, 0 Sheykh,
wfarnt is thine oocapation P 0 my master, an-
swered the old man, I am afishennan, and haye
a family to maintain ; and I went forth from
my house at noon, and hare remained until
now, bat God hatiii allotted me nothiuff where'
with to obtain food for my honsehold ; there-
fore I haTO hated myself and wished for death .
ilfC s^"^^^ ^7*^ ^^ ^^*\^^^ ^-'^*^
Allotment, A*a»- Mstai, ^u^ ki$mat,
Allow, r. (permit), (^.r^s^ rakkas. [«i/.
Allowable, Z^^Ol c-«^)^ tr4;«} orruM-
Allowance, La£^j rukhsat, ij\a^\ ifd%at;
(portion), XidL». husat, <Uy>*J H«ma^;
(gift), (jtuJLfiT doib^AuA; (diminu-
tion, abatement), ^joaj naki.
Allowed (lawful), JjU^/Sywi, J Lb4 mufdt,
^^as>y^ murakhkhas.
Alloy (mixture), kU^ khaU.
Allude, 9. ^ii^ kanna\
Allore, «. ^da^jauhf \y\ aghwd.
Allnrement, alluringness, ^-'«3^ yos^,
1^\ ighwd, L,y^jJ.
Allorer, s* L^jls^/flsii^.
Alluringly, ^jU*- J^ M^/ jdMat.
Alloaion, allnsiyeness, £»L^ kandyat,
AllosiTely, lf*f^ toA^f^fi,
Allavion, j^\ 1x1 ^ ^OjJ^ ^^j\
AU-wise, adj. ^ Jij JU a^Ct^-.
All-worthy, a<^'. jU^JIl ^ kuUl al
utihkdk.
Ally, 9. J^^ tTMoZ, w4^yaintffr.
Ally, 8. (jio^ muUafik^ S^y karib,
Almagest, <• (Arabio)i _kMus^l alrna-
ALE
(486)
ALU
Almanac, », a£^ takwim. Almanacs,
Almightiness, «. i^\ i^Jj ktidrat iXtahi-
Almigbty, «. ^W ^1 ^SbA id^la\
See God.
Almond, «. Jj) ^tc«» An almond-tree,
j^ ijSf^ 9hafarat laum.
Almond-oil, 8.j^\ ^J dehn elkm.
Almoner, «. ^3^,aB^ muiamddii;
Almonry, «. cl:\jxA\j\j ddr asaadahSLt,
Almost (near> nearly), L»^ Uir^ihm^
Alms, alms-deed, £lju0 Mdaia, i\^J
mkat. While I was one night daring the
winter paying my reepects to the Ooyernor of
Alexandria, when he had hroqght the alms-
money to be distrihnted to the indigent, Io2
there entered an ill-eonditioned old man, whom
a woman, who had a maacnline appearaiKe, was
hauling along, a^U- i\x& \j\ U
i^k-ft^
j| ci^lSUll ^^ ^ AJiJ ci;U juJl
JL«3^ i\j^\ iLxj i^jis. ;^ j£L43
Alms-honse, i^lS JmJI J^r^ imvAa// m-
MM^fi^lf. See Almonry.
Alms-giver, <• jj^a:^ mutMoidtk.
Aloes, J^ ^Bd,j^ sahr.
Aloft, ^U j^aft, j-Jj ra/t^.
Alone, J^AX^ mtmfarid, t}ji:i^ nni$a/ar-
rid. ' Let alone (imperative), cJ <fo^.
Along (at fuB lei^tli), J^b ^'/^te?.
Along with, w« hm^.
Aloof,jjJitfilr, J9U ^^«if^ Ju9U ia^d.
Aloud, ^U < " ^^^} hi8mi;t ^fiA.
Alphabet, U^l ^jfj^ l^ntfdlhifi.
Alphabetical, ^LdPl ^^^ ^^i^y L^'
Already, jJi i^. I have Idlen into the
snare of thy love, and become of the nnmher
•of thy victims. The love that Ihon hadst is
transKired to me, and there remains not aught
of it wilb tbee, save as much as the tenfli part
of what I have ! vli^ _i ci^joj jj «
C/JlJLC C=^l^ ^\ i^\ WiJjbl
It 1^:1^ cl/jc^ l5^^^ S^"^ ci^Uj
Also, 1<Jj1 fiydm^ And I saw a fish
two hnndred cubits long, and I saw also a
fish whose &ce was like that of the owl.
^jj tl^^ ^r^^ W> ^^ ^l;
f^yi\ ^j js^ ^^-^J ijUm) uiii
Altar, 8. (pkoe of sacrifice), t^s^
Alter, €^. je^ ghayyory Jjj i«i«^ Jj^
Alterable, JjJu::^^ H^^b ^*^^^^'
jlib]l JjlS kdMM iaghylr.
Alterably, J:»Ou:;!Ij batabdU.
Alterant, altering (who alters), jJt^
mughayyir. {ji^ Ughfir-
'Alteration, Jj JuJ taibdil^ Zju taghayyw,
Altered, j-Jt^ mughayyart jJa^ muia-
ghayyir. [w^<rf.
Altercation, clji Mosd^, iji)L^ mund-
Altera, alternate, alternately, j^jl^
^ildmi?r,
Altemacy, alteimatien> altemateness, ijy
nawhat,jjt> dawr.
Actaltemateiy,9.^jjJb f^^MnMiUawr.
Alternative, alteiaateness, altemity
(choice), <^\ic\3l mtikhdb, j^t^^
fkhttydr.
Althea(msffsh mallows), ^gi4laf^ kkitmuk
Although, ^1 w«j fM»uf^ «ii.
Altitude, ^U^l ffft/d^. The altitude
of <3ie pole, w^L^H ^j\. To take
<in altitude, cUj^i ^li hdt aUtii/d^.
Altogether, lu^uf- jami^, iJ^b,
Alum, <uJ« fAaiitf.
Alumed, . JI^ «ib<3l.
Aluminous, adf. ^^JL <Aaii{.
AMA
(487)
AME
AlwajSy UjI J dayman^ (*!^*^^ lJ^ t^^'
A.M.9 Artiam Ifagister (ICaster of ArtB)^
^jLxcSI ^^\ aU^ > Anno Mandi,
JU!\ ^y^f ^ ; Ante Meridian, JJi
Am (I am), yJb\Ji\ and hoo. I am
(ashamed) abashed at thy brother, for he has
shown fSnToar onto me, and presented me with
this magnificent present, which the people
ot the ewth wonld fail to procure ; and Tenly
I am greatly obliged to him, \J\ JtSj
■ft
j^ _sl1 JLmJI h^\ iF<Xfj iibU^
Amability, «. Lj^^s:^ tnahbilbiifah.
Amadou (Fr.), «. (j^^ «^n, ^li Mw,
Amalgam, J^jl\l\xJ^^ ^JJ^\ ^h:S^\
Amalgamate, ^Ijl^II yi^ kkali dlmth
^adm. \%khidlat.
Amalgamate, v.n. J^\ Uahad, laiaawl
Amalgamation, «. ^Ib^^l tkhtSdt, 'r]/^^
inUitdj,
Amandation, Jl-^j^ «r«d{.
Amannenris, «. 4.^1^ idiih, ^\3 MdnM.
Amaranth, iUJaS kadfat.
Amassment (aconmulatioD), X^^.
Amateur (Er.), «. i^U? ^dK^, c^\;
rdghib, [^htkiydhn
Amativenefls, «. ^U- hdVbiyak^ ^^i^U
Amatory, a^'. JmSiU ^Mh, iJ^^^ cMAif .
Amaze, v.j^^ hayyar,
Amase, amazedness, amazement, 2^:*>-
klratf S^^ ^9'<03.
Amazed, ^ji>- hayrdn, j^s^^ muto"
hayyWf l^^^s^^^ muta^e^^ ^ybJy
madhOih. To be amazed,
ta^'ab.
Amazedly, ij^k^-jL), [jharih.
Amazing, adf. L^-^sf' ^aflh, c--i^
Amazingly, k^^^^^* hi^'ab.
Ambassador, «. ^rf^l elehU
Ambassadorial, adf. ij\iuJ\ ^jna^r. Am-
bassadorial fiinctionB,j:^AMJl Xa^^ wa-
%lfat U9saflr.
Amba8sadre88,^^;iiAJ \ ^%j tsawfat unaflr.
Amber, b^ harhd.
Ambergris,^^^ ^anbaTfj^^ ^o&Ir. Per-
fumed with ambeigriB,^^;Jji^ mu^mhar.
Ambidexter, ^;£<xJ1^i sA alyaddln.
Ambiguity, ambiguousness, ambilogy,
^]j rdyhat, i^J^ ahubhai, xLsJ^S
ishiihdh.
Ambiguous, ambiloquens, m^^ mubham.
Ambiguously, t^'MJi (jmLoIU hiltibda al
Ambition, ambitbusness, w«k tama^
Ambitious, ^UL tammd^
Ambitiously, w!? Jij hieol tama^
Amble, v. Jjy^ hartpol.
Amblingly, ^jj^ bthatwaiaU
Ambulance, f. ^J1i^JJ^^J l^V^^ ^y^
^atat al murada wdl nu^riihln.
Ambuscade, ambush, ambushment, ^J;kAli
kammln*
Ameliorable^ adf. £^H, yaUMoHah.
Ameliorate, v.a. .^OudJ ia»^h.
Ameliorate, t^.n. ij\i ,J^ saUahatdtahu,
Ameliorated, adj, £^^ mwallah.
Ameliorating, adf. J^^^ mwaUih.
Ameliorating, 9. ^^\ isldh.
Amelioration, ^^Loj tashhm
Amen, ^^^^t dmln.
Amenability, «• l^S^sf^ mahkamyah^
i^jjuj iaha^yahf ^yUw^ maaiiliya^
AMO
(488)
AUU
Amenable^ J^Lmm^ tnatsul.
AmenableneBB, <UyLM*/« tnassiUiyah*
Amenably, adv. ^yUywJJ ^^ hiwafil
nuum'Uyah. [saMtah.
Amend, v. (correct), J^ taUah, ,^^
Amendable, -.lUSl JjIj kdhU id isldh.
Amendatory, ^^^OuaJ tasilhU
Amendment, JLA Mdh, ,fxsr^ toMh,
00^^ taslih,
Amender, ^**^^ mMsaUih, ^^ad.
Amends, i\i\i^ midsdfdt^\js^ jiwS, ^^
Amenity, ^y far ah.
Amerce, 9. a. aj>- jarama.
Amerceable, f^jofly^am.
Amercement, ij^^ jar^mah.
Amethyst, », j^ylLs^ jabaUakUm,
Amiable, c^j«.sr^ muhhnh^ J^f^ tnakbnl,
Amiableness, JUcj-yamd^ Jtljy raumak.
Amiably, f^\A,sfr hijamdl.
Amicable, <Use^ limukahlaL
Amicableness, ius^ muhahbat.
Amicably, ^^r^ Jlj 3iW muibi^ei^.
Amid, amidst, ^^^ \A^/imd haifn, ^j^
bajfn, ^;«jU mdbayn,
Amissy dJ^fiiid, m^J namim.
Amity, itJy mHadM.
Ammoniac (sal), ^ jUJ nuihddir.
Ammunition, CjCayi C^Uf«. An am-
munition waggon, L^j^\i)j£„
Amnesty, Sijs,^ mutdrtkat, aU^ ^afn
cdtn.
Amnion, amnios, $. Ia^JL^ mmhlmah.
Amomuin (a gum used in embalming),
UU»- hamdmd.
Among, amongst, ^;-^> ^j-jU wd fciyii,
^U jJ/l md hayn. I was among
the number of thoee who remained behind
1 the island, bo I sank in the eea ; bat
^ivhoee name be exalted 1) deli?ered me,
and saTed me firom drowning, and sopplied
me with a great wooden tS^ and I laid
hold npon it and got into it, indneed by the
sweetness of life, and beat the water with
my feet as with oars, ^ \j\ kz^j
j^\ ^ ji-o 4^^ J^ ^'
Amorous, ^Jh^ile ^dihik. Amorous ges-
tures, ,^ yhanj\ An amorous poem,
Jjlffhatal.
Amorously, (JJmju hi^uhk.
Amorousness, ^jAc ^hk, <U«^ muhabbat.
Amortize, v. a, tX^^ khammada.
Amount, iL^ junUat, d^^Lub^l f^
jam^ al hudh.
Amounting, adf, ^\j hdligh.
Amour, «. \j\ %%nd.
Amphibious, i^^^^ ^^jS^^hdhrlwaharfl.
Amphitheatre, S^jk^ ma^rakat.
Ample, ^1^ todii^ .^uJ fasih, Jj >-
jMlL And he possessed abundant
wealth and ample fortune, and died when I
was a young child, leaving to me wealth and
buildings and villageSi JU arjcx ^^1^
Amplcness, amplitude, ^^s^fa$hai, JJl^^
was^L [^b hdhgha.
Amplify, v. JJS0 tawwalf Joe. ^asMom^
Amplification, iJiL^ mubdlayhah.
Amply, dUud^ J^ bteol icas^at*
Amputate, v. tj^i^ ^LS kata^ ^adwtm.
Amputation, ^aS kat^
Amulet, «. i^}'^^ hamdyil,jj^. Aiim.
AmusC) V, (delight), la»- han, ^1^ mUtf,
c^H Id^. To amuse oneself ^J^
tMahha\ |<L«J tataUa*.
ANC
(489)
ANG
Amnfiementy lii^ utfii^ ^ lahn, )a>- hau.
Amusing, amaaiye, ^J^^^^ mwattif.
Anachronism, «. *ffl}^jL^j^ tasswir al
tdrlJsh.
Anagram, s. c^^X^lail lajk nuMiih.
Anagrammatist, $. cJ^^s^ muharri/.
Anagrammatixe, v. ^j>- harraf.
Analogical^ analogous, ^U^ UyiUif
J^\k« mutdhiif c^-^lx^ munditb,
Analogy, iij\y9 muwdfakat, ^UmiU^^ m«-
Analogize, v. l^^* fkusab.
Analysis, J;**^ tafill, ^^/o Utfrii,
^jwi; takslm, i^)jc\ i^Hh.
Analyze, r. ^^farrak, J.>- ^.
Anarchic, anarchical, a^'. /*lla:Jt Jjy^
Anarchist, «. JumA^ mti/M. [^tZd/.
Anarchy^ (jij^tJ ^At^ffA, Jli^l AA-
Anasarca, «. UmCl^I ^^0^ cy naw^ marad
Utiihd. \tartibul ^drah.
AnastrophCi 9. ifj^^ ^^.^Ji^jSs. ^ah
Anathema, 8. ^:ji) la^t, aj^ harm.
Anathematize, v, aj>-. haram.
Anathematized, (^jj^^ mahrHm.
Anatomy, i^l/^ tashrih.
Anatomioal, ^js^jJIj iathrihl.
Anatomist, s. ^r^^ muBharrw.
Anatomize, v, -.^ aharrah.
Ancestor, a. Jtfj- jadd, t^JL* $alaf.
Ancestors, Ul dbd, i:\j^\qfddd, uJLi\
oildf.
Ancestry, J\ &h J-*^ f^h t--**^ ^*^'*'*-
Anchor, #. SLo^ i?t«r«d^. .
Anchored, ^^V^ rda, or i*-^ iwwrrt .
Anchorite, «. JUb|j %dhid.
Ancient, ^Ji A^M^tm, j;^:;^ ^ik; (old
man), J;mJU ^t^lt td^tn hH iinn. The
Ancient of Days, t. ^j)\ a^cZso/f .
Ancients, «. Jf^j^lf mldwdyil, UjiSl a/
iiid^md. Andents and modems, ^^j|i\
Ancient, «. (flag of a ship, etc.)i ^ji*^.
Anciently, U;Li tdhikan, Uj Ji kadi*
man, ^ Ji 1^1^ mm iUMftm, lliAo^^Jati.
Ancientness, t, ^^^«^^ (**^ AiMliim
laaMmdii.
And, J. And so forth, ^U\ ItxObj tra
hakoMdalhdkl. And my story is eztra-
ordinarr, and mj tale is podigious, and the
canae 01 my coming to this mountain is won-
drous to relate ! i^ji^Jic ^l^^^Jj
Androgynus, adj. <<^^ hhama'.
Anear, adv. <--^^ Aarf ft.
Anecdotal, iM^f. C^LlLs^ <^.»jni;^ mon-
^aft M kikOydt. [^^ kikdyah.
Anecdote, «• XI23 AM#a^, ^^a;^ manAoftnA,
Anew, «>£«X>- ^ minjadid.
Angel, «. cJ)U mai^A. Angels, ^U\
a/ maldykaL The angel of death,
Jj^jje- ^aard'Hf j^^j^^ u^^ idft*^ al
arwdh. Were it not for his accomplish-
ments and admirable faithAilneaB, he had not
been invested with authority in the abode of
kings. What an excellent guardian for the
hareem is he I On account of his beauty the
angels of heaven wait upon him ! )^
UJ\ cJlUl Jb^j^ ^Umm^ ^
Angelic, angelical, ^Sj^ maldyh.
AngeHea (herh), cJlUt Xfi^^Jt^ ^Af-
tfAa^ al mdldk,
Angelina (an herb), ^^ anykellna. *
Anger, v,y^fi ykadab, )a^ gkayn*
Prone to anger, c-u^ ykadnib.
ANl
(490)
AKS
'^^STJf (jV^ ghadbdn. To be angry,
k».^«rrir ghadehm
Angrily, ^, mah Ughaddb,
Anger (provoking to), pari, ^^m^
mughdib.
Anger (in), angrily, Uy-^iitJ htghadab.
Angiography, s. Ju«Ji j^jC tl^iciC/J^
^Um hah ^urUk afjasad.
Angiotomy, s. J^fasd.
Angle, 8, ^^\j %dwie, A plane angle,
4|yuM/t ^^\j> A spherioal angle,
^Umubt^. a right angle, ^«jlS ^j|j.
An acnte angle, 2rjW ^j|j* An
obtuse angle, ^ji^^ ^^])' Alternate
angles, ^^jLi^.^^^^^lj. A salient
re-enteriog angle, C^UUL^LJI ^^|j*
dlfi^fjJL Angle of inoidence, h^Sj
Jj^jSt. Angle of lefleadoQ, ii^\j
^1^511. Eight-angled, l^\jl\ ^l5.
Obtuse-angled, ^j]jJ1 tJ^^^' Aoute-
angled, \i\^^ oU*. The angle of pro-
jection, h^ kumat. The outward
angle of the eye, ^^^li^^j nanah
al^in. * [iomak.
•^g^ ^* (to fish), l1^4(..i Ju.aj toBoyyad
Anguish, t^\JaJ>\ idtir&hf Jo\j^\ ^Uftit
•ii^'M<i{ tf/ Vi&Ur^ L^^ iarab, ^^j^
Amui, *j^ hamm, [zU stawdyd.
Angular, angulous, angulated, ^^jj^^
A-nights, LS layhm.
Anility (old age of women), *r* ^ *
^\ytJi\ shaykhukat antmswdn.
Animadversion (censure), jijtu to^tfr,
i^^jl; tadih.
mm
Animadvert, p, ^^ wahliM.
Animadverter, ^.jjt^^ mu^anir.
Animal, i. ^y*^ hayw&n. An untamed
animal, (j£k>-j wdh»h (pi. ^^^)«
A rational animal, j;!?^ ^y^haywdn
ndtik. An irrational animal, yj^y^^-
^\jj^haywangkayrndt%k. Animals
iJ!j\j\y0^ haywdn&t. Animal spirits,
]ff\jSiiJ tuuhdt.
Animalism, «• lJ\y^ haywdniyaU
Animalization, |jU! cu^J/USl JlSUI
Animalize,^^^Aa9\ if jUStLi^ (^1^)1.
Animate, v. (give life), yji^^ akya* \
(to enooorage), i^j>' harrad.
Animate, ^^^ hyy, ' tj^y*^ haywdi^.
Animate nature, i^\y^\ iZj\i(^J^\
al makhlnkdt al haywdniyah.
Animated, adf. ^^^ hy, IpUJ j J tu
ntshdt, ^^\ L^y^ hashush al wajh,
^JDl iK^^ hdml attahi^
Animation, ^IjcJI inti^h.
Animating, \^\ %hyd.
Animator, ^^e^ muhyy, ^JIujc^ mun^uh.
Animosity, «Xa»- hakd, i^W ^addwat,
^LuAj nufidniyahn
Anise, herb or seeds, ^y**^\ anUwm.
Ankle, V. i^ ka^h, J\i^ thaOhdl
And the broker nncoTered her fiioe, whereupon
the place was illnminated by her beapty ; and
there hung down seven locks of hair reaching
to her anklet% Uke the tails of hoises.
Annals, jLtS^\ alMdr, f^Jiy iawdflkh.
Annalist, i. t^yj rStcn, ^jy-
Annex, v, uJli^ addf, J^^ womI.
Annexation, annexment, ^Ul iddfai.
Annexations, CL^lil^ mudd/di.
Annexed, uJIim muddf,
I AnnihilatOi v. JLj Mial.
ANO
(491)
AST
AnniMlable, aif, ^V^^ ywmkcfy JjIj
^js^l k&hil ul MMiAft. [flnn^ifam.
Annihilated, j]a^ nmhUUd^ fT^''^
Annihilation, JJLbJ MA/, y^i*.
Annivenary, adf.i^ymtMnavi, t^l^ JOmiI
AnniveiBary, «• ^^y^^Jur. ^li miun^*
Anno Dominii 4jtsXm.i>»H ^U^Jt ^«
Anno Hcrjire, iys^i ^, [/J^^*
Anno Hondi, ^^ ^J^ *:-- ^Hi ^j^
Annotate, «. a. . ^ iharahotj^ fmunra.
Annotation, ^Ij iny^n, y^M ia^Hr,
^jJL Aturhfjffiiij tafi^n Annotations,
Annotator, f . ^ j^ f^n%, y^i^ mti-
Announce, v.j»^ ]thabhar,jM^ hoihshar.
Annonncement, t . rj^fS^ ^oMMr, ^^\
Announcer, $. fJe^ muMo^Mr.
Annonncing,#.^Ueki.l Mbdr,jff£krtakhbir.
Annoji 9. Ji^ M^^A^y \^0^nf ia^^4ik.
Annoy, annoyance, A4#^ noAmaif l,i^hT
Annoyer, «. <i^^tr.>» mn^^A, 4f^ mut ^t;.
Annoyed, adf, ^^J Mf^n»
Annual, t^y^ Mnot^i.
Annually, ^ly^ iomamfimn
Annuity, «. ^y^ ianauriat.
Annul, 9. JL MM, ^ iMWoM.
Annular, AaIlc)! jCutu hUhikU §i hakdk.
Annulet, $. (small ring), ^^^JL^ wW-
Annunciation, #• i^lwiJt Ou6 glj «{
Anoint, «• .^^^'^ sMwAy ^;i^<i> A^km,
Anointer, «• ^U mdiihm
Anon^ lll»- MSm.
Anonymous, aJI\ ^JtJt* mMfVl i9m*.
Anonymously, m^ju9 j^ ^\i hi iim
ghofrma^ikmy mt^j^^minghayrum.
Another, ^^ ghagr^yaA dikar.
Answer, v, S^j^- jdwab, (m^\p^\ ajdb.
To answer for money, to be surety,
Ji^. (To appear before a judge),
huder. The King talked to her
and inquired of her her name ; but she iras
•Uoity not uttering a single word, nor return-
ing him an answer, liJ-xar vlJUf ^Loi
Answer, a. S-'^^ jawdb* A true or
just answer, fmJ\ya S^l^ /m^di «a-
wtf, A categorical or definitiyeanawer,
^U M^^ iwtfi ail4/t. Qneation
and answer, ^^^y J^^
Answerable, S-»\^1 S"^!^ ^4^'^ ^C^'"'
wdi; (suitable), J^Ua«« niM^diA; (ac-
countable), ^U <fdjfitii, Jui^ i«^7.
AnsweraUy, ^l^^ Jjj MMatofidM&i^.
Answerer, «• c^W* myfdwib.
Ant, «• ^i4J iMm^A (pi. Jm43 imm/).
s> a M
Antagoniam, a. ^^^^lOcL thmnnmif Aj|«xi
A«U»^<. [aUadffi).
Antagonisti M»a^ kkatm (pi. |*lid^l
Antagonize, v.n. im^\e>^ ihdlafa, ^^\i
kdwama.
Antalgic, adf. ^r^^ uk/* mtallMwqfa^
Antanaclaais, a. .•Ij ^j^m^^toC tqfnUJdm.
Antaphrodisiao, (u(f» i^^\ ^U mdni^ '
oih ihahwai. [afunnH,
Antarctic pole, t, ^yjc9l t^^ii kuth
Antecedent, aO^, aJ&^. The ante*
cedent, JJU, ^J^. Antecedent
and conaequent, iJ^|^ |»JA4i11 akmh
kaddam wattdH.
Antecedentiy, \SjL» idbiian.
Airr
(492)
AFH
;^L«£
AnteceaMir, #• u,qL<
Antediamber, «. ij\j} i^j\ mida hanrd"
Antedate, v. ^Kj^^ S^ '^'^^ aUdfikh.
Antedflanan^^Uybll ^hMaUawafilM.
Antemeridiaii, jflall JJI.
Antemuiidaiie, L3 SII JJ lo^/ oiimM*
Antepenult, adj.jSJl\ JJ io^/ 'VMir.
Anterior, Mi>iCi^midailuMamtfj)\a9dlnk.
Anteriority, #. JLajL* idhikiyah.
Anthem, «. ^^ jmuT tofftiA.
Anthems, CL'V^u.imJ Uuhlh&t.
Anthology, #. d^La^:^ f/*^ mqfmiEL^
munUMiohdL [4:;^^^
Anthropography, #. ^t« t^i^air Jlc
Anthropological, a^'. l.L'^ Jlc ^/oaC
Allomorphism, .^-^^
Anthropomorphite, ^IIm^j *£^ ^
Anthropomorphous, ^jLu^\ c^/mJ.
Anthropophagi, ^j^LjJ^ ^ J^b ^.
Anti, ^^ (Gr.), ^y^ Jl>ji «-J^
j/i4J\ ^1 Ju5 *U^ iJifll jyj.
Antichrist, Jl^jJt aldqffdL
Anticipate, v, (^JL> saHaf, j;^ $abhak.
Anticipation, <^,igL^7 tashf, (.jLi mJo^,
Antic,
Antic, «. i^i
Antidote, t. jU^ ^«rydi^, aaJIju^.
Antimony, c;,.%i-»\JJ\^, J^ Jh«U.
Antiochia, ^lk)f an^Jbid.
Antipathy, «. ^JiJl ^|/^1 /»«X£ ^«i{a»i
fin^MuI; «; iab^. I have an antipathy
to this man, J^J\ \jJb ^J^aJ ^yv^.
vmdMkj c^yC ^harib,
maskhara.
Antiphiaas, «. ^«ASf j);4J ^jJljf^l
Ant^odes, «. ^jA ^^ JL^ f^\j\
Antiqtiacy, «. Jui jjSf jUSb JU.
Antique, ^«xi iadtsi,
Antiquity) fJU?t J W^^ ^JV^ «^^^-
Antistrophe, jiX^t ^^^Js^tj^.
Antitheris, A^^U<« M«^drai{s<, c-ilcLs^f
OAMfi/, ^jt*x^\ ii>-^y iff^'
Antler, •• JSjc ^^ kam gkaul.
Anvil, t. ^>y:^ iomddn, aMm^.
Anxiety, anziousness, ^/uymj Uukwisky
lJ\J2^\ idiirdb,Jj.
Anxious, c^^^LiM mudtarib, jM^^
Anxiously, jJJ^ bUakdHr.
Anyhody, M. jiroii. d^^ ^^ hdwdkid.
Anyhow, ife. au^jl^ ^;^ *^y'*
Anyone Jb».1^ J^ M todJUd.
Anywheroi ^>^ J^ ^ mawia^
Aorist, «. 9;^-a^ mtH^firf ^.
Apace, i&jmi bitur^, ^}^js^\}.
Aparti C^jij\j bdnfirdd.
Apartment, «. i^^\ awda.
Apathy, «. 1(!IUJ\ a«Xc ^adam uJ mubdidk.
Ape, <. f^y^>^ maifmun, J^ itrJ. And
the apes came to no, and surrounded the Tessel
on ereiT side, nomerons as locusts, and dispersed
theinselTes about tiie TeeseL and on the shore,
Ape, 1;. jJj kaUad,
Aperient, t. J>fM^ )^^ <20«rd muuoKkUi
Aperture, ^fcUh, (^/ma:^ moiifM*
Apex, $. ^f^\ mof.
Aphorism, (J^iX>- hadUf Jl^ 4«J^
darbmatai, A^itXc\j kd^ukdkuttiyah.
APP
(493)
APP
Apish, jJla^ mukaUid.
Apifllmess, Juii? taUld,
Apooope, cJiX>- kuf. [nuuhkukfih.
Apocrypbal, ^^^ murib, ^ C/ji»\^
Apodoaifl, «• /jm\ ^^i^jpj noHjai id kaldm,
Apogeam, apogeon, apogee, UmJI^^^I
auy atsamd. [ndri.
Apologetics apologetical, i^j\isS'\ i^i-
Apologetically, ad/o. j\«3CLcb hi i^vOr.
Apologize^ 9. jljcLft i^ttm&r.
Apologizing, aij.jdsx^ mu^iaur*
Apolpgizer, i.jSsjL^ mu^taur.
Apologue, t. Jt^ masal.
Apology, jtjCLcl i^kdr.
Apology, •.j\s:^\ i^tMdrfjds. ^mr.
Apophthegm, t^fM.^ Jy kawl maihhur.
Apoplexy, t. d^L^ saJUat.
Apoplectic, <teiUlj ,J^2^. [o^Mn.
Apostacy, Jt Jj;\ iriiddd, ^^^ jl^ 1 1 niter
Apostate, t. JJ^ murtadd, ^jiSi\jL^
munkir addin.
Apostatize, v. ^JiS^ vl(^ ^aifc <mMii.
Aposteme, «. ^UUJ iumia^.
Apostil, 9. i^\^ h&Bhiydh.
Apostle i, i^y^j roiUL
Apostleship, il\^j riadJaL
Apostolic, apostolical, ^)y^j rasUlU
ApostolicaUy, J«^\^ Idmul.
Apostrophe, «• ^U:^ mukhdtahah,
»l>-l:^ munajahj ^ajl^j>^ harakat
Apothecary, •. ^^]j^^ ighn&gl.
Appal, V. Jyb haunffol.
Appalment, (Ji^ tahwlL
Appanage, », ^U3U mdlkdna.
Apparatus, (JL^Jl al&t, d^Uf^. Appa-
ratus for a journey, ^iJl CI^IIU War-*
like apparatus, c^-^t CL^lti a^^ alharh.
Apparel, ^^ te3«, c^y iawh (pl» Ci-'fy t
a#trd3).
Apparel, t?. ^^^ M^m.
Apparent,^U0 scSAiir, ^Ij t9d<^ Li'^'
More apparent,^! a^har.^
Apparently, SyJ^ zdhiran, OLc.
Apparition, t. 5^^ «i2r0^, JW^ khtydl.
Apparitor, %.jas^ muhdir, ^j^-
Appeal, V. ^] c/J^ ^\ *|^*> jJ; ,
cJUjL^I M^f 'nd/.
Appeal, t. i^J da^at, i^\\x\^\,
Appear,^^ %ahar. To cause or order
to appear, ^^«di>-1 ahdar. It appears
(it is evident), ^lyi andhir. Thus I
remained until I walked, one day, upon the
shore of the ialand, and there appeared onto
me an indistinct object in the distance,
^, ^ ^^, ^ ^h ijijJl Thy
shape is enticing, and thine eye like the angel's,
ana thy face dnpfjeth with the water of beanty.
Thon appearest in my eye most glorionsiy
pictnred. Half of thee is of ruby, and a third of
jewels, a fifth of musk, and a sixth of amber-
gris. Thon reeemblest fine pearl ; nay, thon
art more splendid, ^tiJ C^L«1^
».rt •■■>
•>J^ «^i J^J^l i--i V^lj
Appearance, j^ snAur ; (similitude),
J;«2j«J to»M{/; (probability), JUx^l
iht%mdl\ (concourse), fUi^-t ijtimd^
To appearance, iJI^J^^ hUhikl.
Appearer, f.^U? tdhir, [attoikln.
Appeasable, adf. ^^S^\ JjU idbil
Appeasableness, ^jJa^\ iAj\i kdhiUyat
tUiaskinm
Appease. v» <cX.i sakkai.
APP
(494)
APP
Appeased, aij. u:
mnialiikat.
Appellant, t. ^<^^ mioufocf.
Appellation, m^\ ism, l«^ laiah»
Appellative, a, ^^ywwcsr i ^^^i, aU wl.
Append, t^. j;!^ ^a2^.
Appendage, «. <Um^ dlamlma^.
Appendant, ^j^^ mu^aUak.
Appendix, «. <Um^ damlmat, Jj J say/.
Appertain, f?. l^ ^ur.^l intcudbf ^Jjju
ta^allak, ^jc:>- hhas. [intU&b.
Appertainment, appurtenance, L->Lu:Jt
Appertinent, J^i^c^ miU^aUih^ (j^^
laMk.
Appetence, \fJ^\ tshttha, \yb hawa,
Appetite, if^fl shahwat, ,J^ mayj.
Applaud, v. -.J^ madah, Sa»^ hamad,
^jMA-^Usl utahsan.
Applause, t?. Jc4.>- hamd, -Ji^ mevJA.
Apple, «. <&>-Ujf iufftha,
Appliable, applicable, J^f^ muwafik.
Appliance, 8, J^t^Ja? to^5{j&. [wasdyiL
Appliances, 9, pi. CulLf^J taahlldt, JjL^
Applicableness, applicability, iUil^ mt<-
icdfakat
Applicably, iA3\^ J^ ^t^/ mutc&faJtat.
Application (study), ti^^jahd, i^\f>^\
ijtihdd; (petitioning), J\^ suwdl,
Apply, «. (add), J-^^; (to study),
tAf:^t ijtahad ajC ^%am, JjbJ«\ mA-
taghal; (to petition), c^J^ /^^,
^^p*^l iUamaa.
Appoint, V. ^j*c ^yym. To appoint to
an office, c, .^naf nasab; (to equip),
^«a»- haddar.
Appointment, «. (office), \^^**a:*^fMmab\
(stipulation), !^ fAur^; (command),
j/9\ atnr; (decree), Jl>- Awibi; (assig-
nation), ^^^i^ ta^yin.
Apportion, v, ijie>a>^ hattoi.
Apposite, JjJ Idyik, c-^>^|^ ^th.
Appositely, ^\^^ Jij hikol nrnnoMobat,
Appositeness, iJtj\y muwdfaktd.
Appraise,. <^. iJj haddar. [taidir.
Appraisement, ^^js^^ser taXhmVx^ ji'^
Appraiser, <. c. ■%««>"* (c^ miiAtoiS.
Appreciable, a^'. jJ^jaiJI (2;^^^«^ flitMiibtii
t^ takdlr.
Appreciate, v, a.jSi haddar, ^UjJ uJ^.
Appreciated, ^^Jl ^ Idka ik^mat.
Appreciating, i. '^^^^ ii^ mu^fat
mI hlmah. [kimah.
Appreciation, ^<«^1 ij^ mu^fat ul
Apprehend, v. (conceiye), CJ[^cl\ adrahj
A|i ; (to seize), ^^a^ hahd,
Apprehender, «. cI^Jl^ mudrih; (a
seizor), (^l3 ^cZ^tc?.
Apprehensible, m^\ JjIS itditZ o(/2»A«»,
/»j^i^ mafhum.
Apprehension (conception), Ji^ ^ail/,
M^fdhm\ (terror), ^^^hawl; (seizure),
^jA^ ; (suspicion), i^J^ ahubhah, *A^
iDahm, S^>^ ray5.
Apprehensive (fearful), t^aSlrv. hkdlf^
cl^«X^ mudrih, »^ fdklm.
Apprehensively, uJ^ J^ W>6a/ iUoi^
^UJh Jij ^tiioZ hayhaU
Apprehensiveness, «. cJl^ j)\ isj^ tir^i
id idrdh, JlibJlttXe^ air^at ul intikdl.
Apprentice, «• OuJj tahnU.
Apprize, t^.^;-c^ iAa5^0r,^^«fi^l ahhbar.
Approach, J^^j wwrSid, i^^ hwrh.
Approach, c^. c^j^ fafro^.
Approachable, adj. i^\ t^jSsj yiMkarrab
illayih.
AAA
(495)
ABC
ApproachablenoBs, s, c^jAsS! ^^^
imkdn mi iairih,
Approachment, s. i^^^jSj iakrlb.
Approbation, \^j nd&, J^ kubiilf
i^fiac^\ utUwdh.
Appropriatei p. ^_^A.d£w khamu. To ap-
propriate to oneself, ^U- ^jdo^e^ ^omm
Appropriate, ^jfilr*- itAa#. [^^f«.
Appropriation, S^\:>>> khdtat, ^a»»nnr
Approvable, UJI\ l-^->-1j «^4;»ft arridd,
^iictrdl j;^)! /cSyei^ attahAn,
Approve, 9. (^^.^hl^I tstasteab; (to
prore, show), ^^^££U«i tmfaAaM.
Approximation, c^^ ibcr3, i.^^.
Approximate, c^y karih, U^ toibi-
Appnlse, II. J^jj tournd, J^^ triMil/.
Appurtenance, CL>Lc^Aa-iH ^ ^^1 L-iJt
Apnoot, «. ddwL^yui^ miMAmiM^^.
April, ^Immj nl«dfi.
A priori, adv. (Lat.), ,^«a:cu<«^ miM/an^'.
Apron, j^ mawtr, *j^ fata.
Apt, (Ji^y muwafik, L^^^^\i^ mund^ib,
Aptitude, aptness, £U lay&kat.
Aptly, iftjl^ J^ ft«^o/ mtf«7d/ai&a^.
Aptote, 9, i^^jj^a:^ j^ s^\ wn gkayir
' mumarif,
Aquariu8(thecelestial8ign),j) jJ\ addaloo.
Aquatic, aquatile, aqueous^ ^U ma*l.
Aqua-Tit®, «• jjC ^arak.
Aqueduct, t. iJ ibitd (pi. c:.>Ul:i),
Aquiline, l^j***J ntVrf.
Arabia,;.,.^! jJb hilddal^arab, ^Jcm^jx,
^Arahiiidn. Arabia Felix, ^^ytJ] aH-
yaman. Arabia Petrea, jUHl dlhiid%.
The genuine Arabians, 'b^ l^jS,
^ardb^hd. The mixed Arabians
(commonly called Mosarabians), S-^
^ jCLuM^ corab mtuta^rtbai. Arabic,
L5</^ ^oro^l. The Arabic language,
4^.iyJl ^^U ^d» al^ah. The Arabic
language written in Syriac characters,
iJy^^ karthunl. To mark Arabic
with Yowel points, <--^t a^db.
Arable, 9jy»i yurwan^*
Arbalist, 8. ^jf^j, ^J^f»^X^ manfanik
Arbiter, «. (arbitrator), 1x^.1^ watlt, a^I».
hdkim. The Soyereign Arbiter, t^J^\
Arbitrable, Jls)t JjU ^o^'/ o/ hukm.
Arbitrement, jL:^1 UcMiydr.
Arbitrarily, \j^ kahran. To act arbi-
trarily, Jiff %alam, [kahr.
Arbitrariness, Jd? mdm^ (.jLf ^nf,j^
Arbitrary, JU9 sdAm, <i»(SjVr ^anf/*, J^lS
ild^tr, J^Us^ mutlak.
Arbitrate, v. jjL>- hakatn.
Arbitration, arbitrement, ^^ hukm,
Arborary (belonging to trees), ijj^
safari,
Arborator, «. jLk*^ sajjdr.
Arboriculture, «. jLc^Sl 4*j J Jlc.
Arboriform, ij;^! jCl ^Jix:.
«•
Arcanum, «. (Lat., jp/. Arcana), j^ sirr
(pi. j\^l Mfdr), ^l£>» il^^aA*
Arc (s^^ent of a circle), ^t jJ\ ^nkS.
Arch,^^(Gr.), ^jJijray'ia, Jax^la^sam.
Arch,«.2r^)3:iiafi^ara. A triumphal arch,
yidJ i^\» bdb nasr.
Archaeology, «. i4JJ^\j\ji\ J^ ^«7m tJ
Mdr al kadlmah. [laykat.
Archangel, «. ^'lUll ^^j niyf a/ mo-
Archbishop,^, ^^a^ mtUrdn, iiiLi] ^jj^j
rayie oidkifah.
ABG
(496)
ABii
Aroher, #. L5^b *'^**^*
Archetypal, ^X^\ ady.
Archetype, «. J-^^ «/, j^-y ra»»i,
na«ibAa^. The archetype, or plan of a
building, LJ^ m^j. . The archetype, or
original of a book, ^Ju^Jl c-^lsili a/
Architect, «. jUjt^ mtf^mdr.
Architecture, d^UjJI Jx ^iVm a{ ^ftmdra^.
Naval architecture, ^jSUJl ijUx. Jx
^ikn ^amdrtU ustafdy'in.
Archives, y\i J dafatir. A repositary
for archives, dj\s>-j:JO dafiar hhdna*
Arctic, «. (north pole), JUlll u^
Ardent (hot), jU- Aflrr, ^j^\ affec-
tionate), <*--'''*-«=^ «ittA*5.
Ardently, ij^j^ J^ ^»^^ hardraL
Ardour (heat), J;]^ Aflrdra^; (zeal,
fervour), ij^ gMrat The ardour of
love, 4jLm0 sabdhat.
Arduous,^^;MMX ^<wlr.
Arduousness,^^^ ^tMr.
Are, — we are, *^ ^j^a^ ♦w^ ^ww.
Area, #. (an open place or surface), ^\ *^^
middn, ^i^-Ls sdhat,
Arefy, v.a. ^/**---^ taylns.
Arena, ». j^^Ju^ mlddn, *^Li «d^A.
Areometer, «. \^\ ^];-^ mlndnulhawd.
Arid, fli^*. j^U ydJw.
Aridity, «. ^^ yah^LMi.
Argil, ^ «».
Ax^e, V. (jk*#l-5 ^j^ dardb hiyds.
Argument (reason), \^^ kiyd$,
hujfat, JJj dani Convincing argu-
ments, i^\^ 11 j\ ; (subject), fjy^-^
madman ; (argumentation), iljl^.
Argumental, argumentative, ^^ ^'
ydsi.
Arguments, Jj J J daldyil, ^JiJt^J» lar&hfn.
Aries (the zodiacal sign), Ja^\ j^^
hurj al hamal.
Aright, L^\yA\j hiUoMdh,
Arise, v. (as the sun), Jy^ Bharat. To
arise (from a seat, etc., to stand up),
mM kdm. To arise (proceed from),
iJu^ Mdar, He rose from his sleep,
and, haying perfonned the morning prayeis,
monnted, ana repaired to attend upon the
Saltan; and he passed in his way by the door
of the palace, ,^^\ ^^J^^ ^y ^^ (•'^
^\ <-;b ^ ^> ^j^
Aristocracy, «. j^f«^ JamhUr.
Aristocratical, i^j%^4>^ jamhurl.
Arithmetic, c-^LwJ^ Jx ^i7m a/ Aud^.
Ark (of Noah), «. ^y i-i-» sa/inat muh.
An ark (chest), Jj J^i-^ sanduk. The
Ark of the Covenant, J^^ *-=-^y^ <«^<
Arm, *. J^L» «a^«? (pi. O^cl^ tw^^id),
cl.J. The arm-pit, ^ ibL
Arm (oneself), r. ^^ tataUah. To arm
(others), J^ saUah. [bahriyah.
Armada, «. (fleet), i^ JjUx ^amdrat
Armament, «. ij/»- CLJ^j-^flsr %ASsd^
Aar^tyaA.
Armed, J"***^ musallah. Armed with a
coat of mail, ^ j Jcj« mutadarra^.
Armillary, 0<^'. CSJm^ tnuahahhak. An
armillary sphere, ^^^ 8^ hurrah
mushabhakah.
Armistice, l^j^s^ maidrakaL
Armory, *.)Lull ^3j£>- khamat atstldh.
Arms, •.!») «i2dA, ^LsrV^ a%Uhai.
Army, «.^^^Ly^ ^askar, ^J**^:^ jayih. A
victorious army, j^na\.^ jC^hc, ^atkar
mantilr. To encamp an army, ^^
ABB
(497)
ART
^CmjJI ihayyam al ^iar. To levy or
embody an axmj, jLuc ^^^ jatn^
^askar. The leader of an army, JalS
^^^tk^t iaid aljaysh. The right wing,
^Lii^k^ maymanat. The left wing, iyi^t^
maiyMrat. A great army, ^j>'J^*us.
^OBkar jarr&r.
Armie8,/L^ ^<Mhir, ^^t^JnfUsh.
Aromatic, aromatical, Iia^ mu^ttar.
AromaticB, a.pl,Ji\Ae. ^kdJ^r, d^UJke
^tiriydt f^L:\j\ff bahardt.
Aromatigation, s.Jicuu ta^lr.
Aromatize, v.a.Jae. ^attar.
Aromatized, adf, «^..jVi^ mutaifyab,Jajf^
Around, j|^ J dawdr, J^ hawL
Arrack, J^c ^dk.
Arraignment, ^IL& ihikdyat.
Arrange, r« S^ rattab, Jai naxam.
To be arranged, c^y tarattdb, ^iacj]
ifUatam.
Arrangement, u^^jTyi ^^f3.
Arranger, f . Ja:^^ munofstift.
Array, i.^ <af, ^Cu*iJl t-.^y ^^f&
o/^Mibr, ^juuJ /*&«. Military array,
i»fjflrf» «u/il/. To array in order of
battle, ujLtf saf.
Airear, arrears, arrearage, _ib hdki,
Arreptitions (snatched away), ujJLm^
nuuluhf L^^f^ tnanhuh.
Arreat, s, ^/mm»> habi.
Arrest, v. ij»i^»>' habas. To be arrested,
^^u^a^f inhaha3,
Arrestation, «. ^Jlc ^JaJ habd ^ala\
Arrival, J^j wu8id. Everyone who heard
of his arriyal came to him, and inquired of him
respectine the state of his Toyage and the state
of the dinerent countries, and he used to inform
them, ^iacr; ^j j^ ^4^1 ^ \}^j^^
Arrive, v, Oj bala^h, ^J^^j tooiol, JJII
akbal.'
Arrived, J^lj toduil.
Arrogance, arrogantne6s,^^Juf takdbbur,
Arroganty^^JjL^ mu^^tr, Jm;^ m««
Arrogantly, b^^-io bikabriyay j^Jo bi-
Arrogate, 1^. U Jl ficfo^d.
Arrogation, Ujf M^^d, c^^O du^wa\
Arrow, *f«j MAm. The invisible arrow
(death), l^-^^ m^ 9dhm dl ghayb.
Arse, «X«A^ mak^. The rectam, >^
Arsenal, 9. Aj\aerjb topkhdna, -.Ol ijj:>^
khoinat unldh, ^[ir'Jj terskhdna.
Arsenic, J^jJ zamikh.
Arsenical, ^J^jj %amlkhh
Arson, \Jiaju Jj^\ a^ jarm ul hark
ta^mmuddan.
Art (skill), ^ fann (pi. ^yi funiin),
ijc^ $an^h\ (canning), aJu»- hilat.
The fine arts, lsoJai^ ^^yJ^\ aJfunUn
atstarlfah, Theliberalarts,£jjl!t ^^t
(U^lum al ddabiyah. The mechanical
arts, ^L^ sandi^. The military art,
S-*^^ ^ /an a/ harb. The great art,
L^ klmiyd, [a/ ^t^rili.
Arteriology, «. j^yJt vi,^ J^ ^«7m ^aAa
Artery, «. ^^b^ aharydn^ Jj& ^irk.
The beating of the artery, the pnlse,
^jaJ nahd. [muhtdL
Artful (skilful), JL. makkdr, Jbjc^
Artfully (skilfully ),^^C«j bimukr, JLa^b
&»' ihtiydl.
Artfulness, jU::^»^t ihtiydl S^ mukr.
82
AS
(498)
A8C
ArthritiSy «. J^^lLtJ! ^^3 toaja^ ail ma-
fiiUf J^U^I c-^lfJi altihah al mafdstl.
Artichoke, b.J^2a^ ihanhuf,
Arctic pole, «. ^UiJl i^<ini kuth ath-
shamdll.
Article, 8. J^ fasl, ]0^ short. An
article of religion, ^^\ ^^^ kdnUn
addln. An article (in grammar),
^jSCiW alma^ri/at» Articles^ ^jiJ^,
Article, r. )ffJL sharatf ^%j^ J^4^ ^mal
nhurut. [mafsdh.
Articular (belooging to joints), ^X^^Ay*
ArticQlatcyjl:>^«i^ mumtdz, amaAI^ mun-
kasim, [sharat.
Articulate, v, kftlj talaffoi, j^, \>jL
Articulately, if jUj if jtt mddat himddat,
ArticulatenesB in speech, kfti laf%.
Articulation, IoaIJ talaffu%\ (juncture),
J^idi.^ mafgdl.
Artifice, jJls ghadr. And he has set
oyer this tract, of whicli I haye informed thee,
his eldest daughter, the chief of her sisters ;
and she is distinguished by brarery and horse-
manship, and ^:uile and artifice, and enchant-
ment, by which she can overcome all the
people of her dominions, CS^\ ^^ Ji^
Artificer, «. ^l^ sdni^.
Artificial (in opposition to natural), ^^^^^^
M
^amali ; (fictitious), j^U tnuzawir.
Artificially, ijc^ bisan^t, jt^Jpi ^'
tMwir.,
Artificialness, ijc^ san^at, ^^ /amt.
Artillery, ^j\^ tudh, ^tju« maddfi^.
As (like), ClS. Ab {or like) the sun,
\j**^^^ kdshahams. As the bird.
jJti\^ h&ttayr. As before, J^ll^ hdh
Idwwal, As above related, i^jU^ iamd
%ukir. As it was (in like manner),
^l^ U^ kamd kdn. As it is said^ \aS
JJ kumd hi. As if, ^ o ka&n. As
often as, UK koUumd. So as not, !L^
kild. As often as, Uf«. As mudi
as, J jJb hi kadar. As I should be the
caofle of yoor separation, like as I was the
cause of her separation from us, (J)
U^l^j \jij\ _5 L^'wJl. They made
Qse of their power, and used it tyrannicallT ;
and soon it oecame as though it neyer had
existed, m ^Ai'<^ _i lyUa:;**^!^ Sy^Ls^
mistress, thou hast no need of these aeryants
at the present time, nor will thy heart be
elated as long as they are with ns ; so dismiss
them from us, ^Jls1\ ^yb ^\ (^jL^^db
9jl\ \djb ^ f^^ cXJ Ls^V^i
Z^
» >
Ascend, v, Jjl^ sa^, ^JL tHi^.
Ascendant, ^U^ tdli^. A constellation
of a happy ascendant, ^^yu*^^ ^U?
^Ux«!\ tdli^ mas^ad al matdli^
Ascension, «. (of the Lord Jesus), Ju£
J^^\ ^id asaa^d.
Ascending, part ascensive, «JIL ^i^.
Ascent, Jyu0 sa^iid.
Ascertain, v. ^jAs>^ hakkak.
Ascertainment, ^j^SeasT tahhk.
Ascertained, adj\ fjAs^ muhakkak, z*/*^
ma^Hm.
Ascertaining, «. JniLsr tahkik.
Ascetic, 8. *\lb\j zdhid.
Asceticism, 8. LjjJb jj^;l\ ^\^\ ifrdtat^
%ahd hiddinniyd.
Ascititious, Jjjj tdyid, »^ ^lawah.
ASP
(499)
ASS
Ascribe, «. <._,~i<J naui, ii\i^\ ittUld,
m
ijf\»*a*kr takhtHs.
Ascription, ascribing, t. jlx^il itndd.
Ascription of praise, »f^^**^ ioMk.
Ashamed, ^HL^ i&Aa/Tan. To be ashamed,
^Jj^ hhijd. Be not ashamed, for thon
hast become mj brother : recite then the
TeneSy since they pleased me when I heard
them from thee as tnon recitedest them at the
door. So upon this the porter recited to him
those verses, ,tfS>>l CJ^ *j:.^ U ^^^*Jj\
Ashes, jt^ ramdd. Of the colour of
ashes, i^*^^j ramddl, ^Jjj s^ Jcdhwa
ringhl. Ashes of alkali used by
bleachers, |^1^^ tuhndn.
Aahore, J^Lj «dAt7, jJiS ^J yt aJhar.
To go ashore, ^1 ^\ i..^J tahaba
M albar.
Ashy (coloured), _jI^Ui «m;a5l.
Aside, «-i^ ^Jlc ^o^' toro/l
Asinine, k^j<^^>' himdrl.
Ask, 9. wttu..?! istafham, j^JcmA ittafsar,
J'L mW, k-JJ? toM.
Ajsker, «. L^lt ^d/i^.
Askew (obliquely), uJ^ w« ma^taraf.
Asleep, JU ndym. To fall asleep, ^^m
na^isa. To be asleep, /b\j noma.
Aslope, JjU tndyl.
Asp, «. (JL^L^l C^^ malik al hayy&U
Asparagus, ^y^ hUyoon,
Aspect, i^y tcqjhfja:^ manzar. Of a
bad aspect, ^lax«l^ Jj^ karlh al tnantar.
The present aspect of affairs, ixJt
i^\J\ Jl^Jl. The trine aspect (of
two planets), <^i..JdJ ^ft«. Thequar-
tile aspect, f^J tarhlc. The sextile
aspect, ^^Ju*J iasdls.
A8perity,£yu^ilAtMAflna^, ^"ie^yhildtat
Asperse, f^. (to sprinkle), ^j rash.
Aspersion, \j:j\ iftird, ^JH^J tarshuh.
Asphaltite Lake (The), ^jijssr hahr lot.
Aspirant, s. c^U? tdlib, aJI/s mukttitn,
A6pirate,v. (to pronounce with full breath),
^UuAJ Jio Iflil lafaz htkol nafatho.
Aspiration (an ardent wish), JuoS hni,
^jL gharad.
Aspire, v. c,,Jilg tcidb. [/b^flft.
Aspirer, <• iJ^^ yjf^ i*^^ ^\} ^
Asquint, €^. J^^ ahoaX (fem. S^
Ass, «. jU^^ AimAr. A she-ass, 2rjUk>.
himdra, ^\j\. A wild ass (onager),
^M*^ jUb»- hmdr wahshh
Assail, f^. ^»js:^ hqfam, L-^«3Juf ^ibfd.
Assailable, ilJlc /*>?^^ u;^^*^^ mumkm
Assailant, assailer, «. JjU^ mukdiH,
Assassin, «. JjIj kdiH, Jui hattdl.
Assassinate, i^. J:J ^a^.
Assassination, J:i i^/.
Assault, «. ^^^ yfirtM^, i^^^s:^ hujum.
Assault, V, j^ haj'am.
Assay, t, (of metals), jLa ^ydr.
Assay, v.j^ ipyyor, cl^ hak.
Assay er, s^j^^^^^ mu^yir.
Assemblage, «. ^^^ jam^ All hearts
torn towards it, as though it were formed oat
of an assemblage of them, v»,Ji JJls
Assemble, v. (bring together),
yama^. To assemble an army,
^^Cm*£ jama^ ^kar.
Assembled, 9y^^^ majmH^. And the
passengers were assembled to eat and drink,
and play and sport ; bnt while we were thus
engaged, lo ! the master of the ship called out
in his loudest voice, tjL
ASS
(500)
ASS
Aesembly, <. JlcU^ jamd^atf ^/Jusr^
majlii, ^iff^A^ jami^. An assembly
of nobles, L^t f:'^'^ mo^ina^ umard.
Assent, J^ kabul^ \jj ridd, iAi\y$
muwdfakat.
Assent, v. ^^ ktbd, ^jij\ iUafak. So
• if thou assent to that which I have asked of
thee, thon wilt, 0 King of the Age, hare pat
the thing in its proper place; and if thou De-
have wiui pride towaias as, thon treatest as
not equitably, nor punuest with us the right
way, ^^ viXJL U ^\ ts^^-^l J^
^/jUj IxJlx: cu^U; J^ il^
Assert, v. jj^ karrary ^j ta^cm.
Assertion, affinnation, \j^ ihrdr, jj^Ju
tahrlr, j^s^J %a^.
Assertive, adf. vJUj\ tshdti.
Assertively, a^. cIL^LjIj hitshdt,
Assertor, >ctj %d^m, Jjli kdyd.
Assessment, ^\js>- khardj, ij >- jomUU,
Assessments, i^^iJlC takdhf.
Assessor, a. (to adjudge), 15^^
Asseverate, ^^auAj ^J »a^m bikaiom,
Asservation, j^ kasam, ^^^ yamJn,
Assidaity, JjL2i «Af^^/, JuiD tahkyld.
Assiduousness, i^^d^ tnuddwamat,
iJ^\y^ muwdzahat.
Assiduous, k^^\y muwdzibf ^^\j^. To
be assiduous, aJ) lasam, l.^^^ wdzah.
Assiduously, JLfel^ Jij hikol muujazibat.
Assign, V. ^j^ i^yyan, i ja^ai^ khoMosa.
Assignable, ^JiifC^\ ^J^^^^ mumkin at-
ta^yln.
Assignation, 9. (appointment to meet),
iflSUI Jx^ mauf^ad al nnddkdL
Assignee, 8, ,J^ ioa^L
Assigned, ^^^^tc^ muta^ayyin.
Assignor, «• ^j^j^ mu^ayyin.
Assignment, ^j^^ ta^yin, [jatMaa.
Assimilate, 9. ajLSi ghdhah, ^jmJIs^ to-
Assimilated, adf, ^luu/t mushdhih,
^^\js^ mufdnis, [tam^l.
Assimilable, ^J«2UAlf (J^^^^^ mumkm at-
Assimilation, f^^JuJ ta9hblh,fJ^^i^ianUiL
Assist, V. JxLi td^ad, ^lc\ a^dn. Wben
the Khaleefeh saw it, he felt its weight, and
found it to be heayy ; and he gave a nimdred
pieces of gold to the fisherman, who went
away ; whue Mesroor, assisted by Jaafkr, took
up the chest, and oonyeyed it, in company
with the Khaleefeh, to the palace, where they
lighted the candles, and placed the chest bdbre
tbe Khaleefeh, ^Uu^ ^a^\ ijoj Uli
crH J^**-^-^' ^^jy ^j^\ \jj3^\s
Assistance, ^Ul i^dnat, JJ^ tnadad, ^^
^awn. And when they saw Saleh in
this state, they said to him. What is the news?
He therefore told him his story. And it was
his mother who had sent them to his assistaDoe,
yii U\J\ v^XL; Jx y U \^]j Uli
Assistant, <.^^U^ mu-JSLwinf ^jfJt^ mu^n.
Assistants, ^^^\ a^wdn.
Assistant, assistingipor/. ^jU^ mtf^dirtu,
Assisted, adj, tXcLu^ muadcod.
Assize, (court of justice), iJljJ! u^iL*^
dlwdn al ^addlat.
ASS
(SOI)
AST
Asaizer, «• ^ji^^J^^ n&air al mUdn.
Associate, v. ^\j r&fak^ kl/;Ll ahdrak,
jJii\e. ^hara. I'^^j^ aharlk.
AHHOoiate» «. ^J^j raflk, ^^^^^>Xa s&hib,
Associate, associated, ^j^S^ mukdrin.
Association, i^ij rifhUy ^Ls^. tuhbai,
Assonance, s, ^s:^ Mj^^ ^IS Jcdfiyah,
Assort, v,a. u-^^ toaddaba.
Assorted, adj. i^^^^y mHwaddah.
Assorting, i^^j.^y tawdlh.
Assuage, ir. ^^^ ioikanf ^J^ layyany
f^JJb hadda\ [.i:fii^ iafyln.
Assuagement, ^^^S^ iatbn, .]U1 iaklh,
Assnager, «. J^^^ muitth,
AasoasiTe, ^Jj^^ mulayyin.
Assume, v. dJ>^\ aikhm, J^a^l aUakhoBf
j\::S^\ tktar; (to daim), UjI ; (to
presume), ^J^ saim.
Assumer (arrogant man), jj^/^ ma^hrHr,
JJic^ muiiabhir. [mutkabhir.
Assuming, part. j^Jf^ magh/iur^ jr"^^^
Assumption, J^l akhut^ c\atr\ %Uikh&%^
jLi^l ikhtiydrm
Assumptive, 'aj>^\ \^^^oA^ wdjtb uPakki,
Assurance (certainty), (j^ao^* tahklk,
^^j^ yakin; (trust), t2\JK:s\ t^tkdd,
JKjI titikdl; (intr^idity), i*\jsri
(testimony), ijlfl shahddaii (promise),
J^ laa^d'f (insurance), ^l«\ amdn.
Assure, v. (promise), «Xe^ wa^ad^ JfJ
ta^ahhad; (to remore doubt or fear),
cS\ akkad.
Assured (indubitable, certain), jJU
mukarrar, ^jAs:^ muhakkak, ^jIul^
laa^kLm* [jTI haktkat.
Assuredly, lss}&^ iohtham, ijuAA\^
Assuredness, (j^^s^ar tahklk.
Assurer, <• ^^/!^ mutamminy Jui^
)i\jjyuJi\ kafU at9ikartdh.
J^Jisuiing, adj. JidL* mudkhid.
Assyria, j. ^ji^ al^dk. .
Ajrteism, «. A jJl^l /%iJl ^L^U; ^«^l J^^
Asterisk, f. ijLlt ithdrat, JjJ A^^
Asthma, ^j^iiJl j;^ <^ifc asmafu.
Asthmatical, ssthmatic, ^^m^aJI ^J^^ day^
yek atmafm.
Astonish, v.j^ ha/yyar^ c^^y^ i^ijab.
Astonished, ^j^^ hoyrdn,
fMd^ajjib. To be astQuished,
tahayyar^ Cy-^y*^ ia^ab. When the
Prince beheld this damsel, he wondered ex-
tremely at her loyelinees, and was astonished
by her beauty, the redneas of her cheeks, and
the blackness of her hsaT,j^^\ 4^|^U1»
vy^ '• • •• • • ••• •
\^J^ ijAD^^ lfu*C>- ^J1^^ l^U>-
Astonishing, pirt*j0^ muhayyir.
Astonishment, ij^^hayrat, v.--'^^ ^<;;i^^i
^^%fi^ ta^vhy i^\jc^\ iattyhrdh.
Astral, y^ff tkffuml.
Astray, JU (te/. To go astray, 9-y£^
As^&MM**!! cM^^ c;^' ^0 ^^^ astray,
JU\ idldl, jLj\ t/tfd^;.
Astringency, astriction, ^^^ ibii.
Astringent, ^IS ito^u^.
Astringent, «. ^li kdhid.
Astrography, (•^^f ^^ ftf^y^ anmtfutrtp
\,^^0^^\ jjyoj taiwUr ai hMdkih.
Astrolabe, f^JoJi oitroldhe. [/am.
Astrolatiy, a, (^y?^^ ij\^ ^ddat annu-
ATO
(502)
ATT
Astrologer, «. *jsi« wnauffiwt.
Astrological, ^^najimX, JjUf^jc^
Astrologize, v. ^sf* najjjmm.
Astrology, a^^^^ ^fmn atUt^m.
Astronomer, «. (Ii3L9 Ajt^wm^imfaUk,
Astronomy, Cflilt Jie ^m dlfaldk.
Astronomical table, «• Jj«Xs»- /isiiMi^.
Astute, Oj.JL. makk&r, ^ J^ iksidd^.
Astutely, €do,J^ limabr.
Astuteness, yL« mdkr.
Asunder, ^]^li hianjirddm.
Asylum, s, j]U flui^&t, Isr* majfa. A
lunatic asylum, UuJt^\ J ddr athtkifil.
At,(Lj,^J^^\^^. AtfiaUlength,
J:^.dfislt ^Jlc ^tfitf* aitafilL At the
iiYer,^1jLxe. At liand,^l^ Adilfr.
At no time,ybJiSt J^ tal addahr. Not
at all, jLt oft/bfi. At present, ^SU-
AdiZsfi. At first, %\ awwalmu
Atabal (a kind of Arabian drum or tabor),
JU^t atbah
Ate (preterite of eat), I ate, (j:J^»
Atheism, jWl iOidd, iJ^Jj wanddkat.
Atheist, $, *Xar^ mulhid, ^^JJj lUMdik.
Atheistic, atheistical, o^f. v^jWI Mddl,
Athei^e, v. a, aUI J^^j\ij\ tnkdrtoujnd
tOah.
Athirst, j^luuke ^atthdny (JJlc ghdtlh
Athlete, ^^^ pahkuodn, ^jto^ mu-
sdri^m
Atlas (a rich silk), ^jjitt o^faa.
Atmosphere, lyb hawd, \^\ If hurrat
alhmod. See Air. [jfatafaua.
Atom, «. Uji %arra, Sj^ J^ yts«/a
Atomism,^^\^ JU!tc;...%^i.^^Jb«X«
J^l mos^ ^oribift al^lam mm ajjaio
hand mufrad.
Atone, 9. i^Jjfad^9yucm^\ idagfar.
Atonement, ij\a^ iajarat, c-;y Jit i;U^
Atony, «. la^^ irtHhd, i^Jjuo du^.
Atrsbilarian, «. ^ J^ l^>^*wI^ tdkib iowdd .
Atrabilarious, a^'. ^^t Ju^ siiBiri.
Atrabilariousness, 1. 1 J^ uwdd.
Atrocious, jj^ i^orir, ^^^Ll «Aai^, ^j.v,l
iAarI^, j^JkC ghadddr.
Atrocity, JuU^ t^nd^o^.
Attach, 9. (join together), ^jJi loiok;
(arrest), ^jo^ iahad. And thus she
ooaftmiied to set in this way imta the ez|nn-
tioii of the leoond year, while I patie&tlj
saSeted her, and did not attach any vaioe to
what she was doing, \jJb ,Jx ^Jjp J«
Attachment, ^L^t tttudi; (affiectioD),
Jukr* mahMat.
m
Attack, «. A^ %te, i^UUt fttOdfli.
Attack, 9. AiB^ hajam.
Attacked, oijf'. ^lJl£ (^y^ makfUm akuki.
Attacker, s. A>*lib A4^si.
Attain, 9, J^^i»- hatsal, JU no/. Enow
that mr story ia wondeifiil : and I will iafenn
thee 01 all that happened to me before I at-
tained this prosperity, and sat in tlus place
wherein thou seest me, Zai ^ ^\ Jx\
Attainable, (>a^ guUahattal* *
Attained, ^J^Iucu miUahaital*
Attaining, jpar#. JiU iii!yt7, v,y >^Mir.C>»
muktasibp J«acr^ miiAaMtT.
Attainment, Jj^rfyiT ^aA«l/, c^LmS^I til-
titdh, J^-<3^ AimA/.
Attempt, «. ^^a.ri «a^f, J^ jad,
ATT
(503)
AUD
Attempt, V. Jw33 katsad, Jcf- jad, ^yt^
AttamptabIe,_«AJ1 c^-^l^ wdjiboiBa^U
Attend, v. (be present), yio^^ hadar ;
(aenre), fniS^hhadam'^ (listen), w42^f
utama^; (to be busied aboat), ^}xJlj\
imhagKah
Attendance (service), Z^J^ khuhnat ;
(train, retinae), jA>^ hatham.
Attendant, attending, ]dy»^ munUt,
Attendant, 8. aJI^ khddim, ^\j i&h*^.
Attendants, ^\f tawdht^, eLjt athd^,
hawdthi. [mdm.
Attention, {jJ\ji>-\ tkiirdt, i*tcJb1 ihti"
Attentive, oL^ MK^yoUts, Oui^ mii-
kayyad, \tadk^h.
Attentively, Ju£U httakyld, JIJjcj &f-
Attennate, v. j;ij rahkak, ^-ihl /a^^.
Attenoant, uJkLt mulattif. [horror*
Attest, r. liuwjI mAo^, j^ ahehed, jji
Attest, attestation, SjlfSi shahddai,
Attire, «. ^j %ayyan, ^j»k^ ialbu. She
then aroie, and attired henelf in tbe meet
magnificent of her apparel, and having per-
Aimed herself, and slung on my own sword,
opened the doon of the palace, and went ont,
^jkfj \i,\Jiji*\ .i^j c=-^l5 jj
Attire, iiJj %liuU, fmgj\y^ aswdh*
Atiirer, ». ^J^ tmaayyin.
Attorney, ». (^^ waM. An attomey-
atr\&w,\yc^\ i^^iffoMladda^wd. To
act as an attorney, J^y tawakkol*
To appoint an attorney, Jd^ wakkal.
Attorneyship, il^j iffakdlat.
Attract, V. (draw to something),
joMob i (to allure), LJf^\ Lm^Ss^jalah
alkulub.
Attracting, attrahent, (»J jl>- ydsiS.
Attraction, im^d^ jaiA, c^is^l utij-
Idh, (^\ssfr\ inftidh.
Attractive, c«> jU^ jdztb, k^\>' jdlih ;
(alluring), LmJ^\ c^l>- jdlih al
kidub. An attractive quality, iyi\
iJi[jp\ al kuwftat aljdlibai.
Attractively, (m^\ssfr\j hiinjisM.
Attractor, ». ^JJ^-y^sf9•
Attribute, v, j^^mj ntuah, ^jitl atlak,
X»^\ oinad.
Attribute, <• iLa at/at (pi. d^li^ ai/dt),
uJ«0^ waaf. The attributes of God,
^\mj <(Qt ijL>\i^ aifdt aUahta^dla\
Attributed, L^ymi^ manM*
Attrition,^liMCi«»ibwdr, l^j\^ majdzdL
Avail, id^\i fdydatf ^aJ ^^
Avail, 9. ^a3 na/a^, jlil a/dia. .
Available, ^ jU id^Mr, Jui^ mufld*
Availably, ifjali Jij hiholfdydat.
Avant-garde, iLuJl iU«XA^ mukkadamat
al ^akar»
Avarice, avariciousness, J^ ^tiM/, w«t
tama^, cJUm^I imadk.
Avaricious, J^^aC hakhil, ^f^^ ahahlh.
Auhrwif jA*^\ aamar (fern. U^«i«4 aamrd).
Auction, j\y* nuatdd, ^^^^ jlj^b i^jc
aarrafa Mnuadd,
Auctioneer, a. J) J dalldh
Audacious, j^Mp^jaaUr,
Audaciousness, audacity, gj\Mi^jaadrat.
Audible (that can be heard), c^^.***^
maamUcm An audible voice, CL^^ioi
cjAmu^ ^J{c hiaawt ^dli ffiaamiJL^.
Audience (sense of hearing), ^j^^ aama^,
c\ASmA iatmd^. An audience, ^/J^sr*
AVE
(504)
Aira
The audience of an ambassador, C^lSLt
: mS^ muldkdt id ekhi.
Audit, 8, (examination of accounts),
CL^bL^l fjos^ fah$ dhisahdt
Audit, V. u^Um^I ^jAS? fahas alhisdh.
Audit office, ^LmiUbT^I Jj kalam ul mu-
Juisahah*
Audition, 8, ^Ui^L» 8dmi^iffah,
Auditive, adf. ^Li 8dmi^>
Auditor, 8. (hearer), lu^L 8dmi^, ^j'i..)
8aml^, ^4Sm*^ mmtami^. An auditor
of accounts, CjbL^l ^j*^\ amin
alh%8dhdL [e88dmu^.
Auditory, «. ^^Juk^ twylU, ^^^^Ul
Avenge, v, ^ftul miakamm
Avenged, adj. A Jb:^ muntakam lahu.
Avengement^ «• /^SsJ\ intitdm.
Avenger, 8. l^\x^ mu^dkib, ftSs,i^
muntakim.
Avenue, 8. (of trees), j\js^\ ui-^ 8af
affdr, fjijb tarlk, Chy maurad, j^^^
ma^har.
Aver, V, jji larrar, cS\ ahkad.
Average, k»j^ wa8att \eutiij:^ m%Uawa88%t
Averment, ». ^J^ji hurhdn, JJj dalll,
^jIj bai/dn. {_dam raghbat
Aversation, 8. iju nafrat, ^j /♦.Xc ^a-
Averse (abhorring), jh.s^ mufanaffiff
^j^ mu^rid, cJllir^ mukhdltf, Xa
didd.
Averse, v. ^jij nafar mm.
Aversely, *|^V li-ikrdh, liJb\J Jij
bikol hardhlaL
Aversion, i\^\ ikrdh^ »\^^z^\ Utihrdh.
To have an aversion, ii^c^\ istctkrah.
Avert, V. ^J daf^. May God avert,
kaddir.
Auger, «. ^^1^ ma8kah.
Aught, ^ «Ay. Doth aught remain
in thy f easel P And lie nid, Tes; I hare
some goods in the hold of the ship ; but their
owner was drowned in the sea, ^Jq (Jjb
Augment, augmentation, i^^j uijfddat,
jb J}\ %%diydd.
Augment, v. j|j sdi, cJl^\ oi^a/.
Augur, augurer, 8. ^U? ^d^»^.
Auguration, augury, Jli/a/. C^aft*
August, J-L>-yaW, ^-^U «awf, ^^U
August (the month of), 4^Td^, (jmj2^^^.
Aviary, i. ^^/maS Ao/Sm, j^JbSl ^/uii io/iu
Avidity, ^^ tama^ u^-^ Aara««
Avocation, «• ijjyi^ mam^aiifQht
i^ydL^ nuuhghuliffah.
Aunt, «. (by the fiather's side), <Uc
^amm^. An aunt (by the mother's
side), ^U. khdU.
Avoid, r. ^^ ^'^*^ tajannah min ; (to
oppose), ^jic^ i^arad.
Avoidable, c-^Umj-JI ^^yC^b^, j^^Xl J^J
JSyt^ aliJUirdi.
Avoidance, avoiding, C^Ui^-l, ^iindh^
j|^i^\ ihtirdt,jd^ hoMar,
Avoided, qdf. ^u^ U*'Jr^^ muhUtroM
»
mtnh, ^****^*^ fnunfa8ikh.
Avoider, 8, Cy^r.iy^ mufianih.
Avow, r.^ itar.
Avowable, jI/JI J^t-^^^i t-wycJ! ^1
Avowal, j\p\ tirar, ^mJjjSu ia^f,
uJLxet i^irdf, ^Jwu ta8dik.
Avower, «.^L« mtiiiir, uJpA« mM^^ar(A
AxLVora, jsf fajr, ^w «tfiA.
ATJT
(605)
AWN
Auspice, JUyU. Anspioes (proteotion),
4jL«i^- himdyai^ iiXeXiM^ musd^adaL
AnspicioaB, Jua^ mukM, Juiu» #a^U,
fJUy^ maUthni, ^^^* [d*n,
AuBpioioiunesSy JL^I Hs^, ijl t> ,.t
AoBterei ^jir. ^anf/, (jm^Ia ^AM.
Aasterenessy austerity, ^l^ i rijfddai,
^.yg ^tm/i 4«1^ MrSma^.
Austerely, ^|^ JG 3fib/ tardmat.
Austral, i^y^jonubi. See Southern.
Authentic, .^b^s*^ iahlh, ^1J\ <ull,jiAS!^
Authenticity, <^*to> halMai, isf^ »ihai.
Authentically, U>> AaiUan, <(iX*^ JSj
Author, «. (of a hook), ^;«fl>< »ittaiifi(f,
i^y mHallif', (an inventor), d^U
bd^f *Xp^y mBjid, An author of
evil, Jutei^ mn/sid. Of the author
(when quoting any author), dJiyti.
Authoritative, j\*}sj\ ^J %u iitiddr,
Aathoritatively,^lj ^tamr.
Authority, if^JJ kudrai, j\jsj\ iMiddrf
S^ hukmy ^UtaLrf suHak Aheolute
authority, ^Ji.^ J)Ui^f ; (testimony),
If jlf^j $hahddat.
Authorisation, «. tjo^Ji tarthU, La:^j
rukhBah,J}yefr Ufwbt, ^ jl kn, yjoiyO
tafioid.
Authorize, v, (give power), ^^fawwad^
^jo:^j rakhkhiu.
Authorized, adf. \jo^y nniraJIMhas,
^y^ mufatpwad.
Autocracy (independent power)) uJ^
J&Um^ tagurruf muitakik
Autocrat,autocrator,A^ylar1j|^y\J&UHb«
muataiil ul amr wal htikumah (l^.^
Autocratic, autocratical, ^tSsm»\ iitiUdU,
^Ci\d^^\ utibdddl.
Autograph (a particular person's own
writing), *^o)a£L that yadd. The royal
autograph, u-flJ^ lasl. thai %hm\f.
Autumn, uJj[^ khofif.
Autumnal, tMy^ kharlfl.
Auziliar, ^j^U^ «iii^dflPtff,^l3 itditr.
Auxiliary, «. ^j^m mtf^ifi, ^^U/i m«-
Auxiliaries, ^L^l anudrt f^^\ u^wdn.
Await, p. AaL">.rfl M^ofisor.
Awake, i^. <U} fui^M, )aSL^ ^kas. To
* awake, or be awaked, ha.^-.^t utaiyhtn.
Awake, bAj"«.ttfc^ mtuiaytm, ^\;f^ takrdn.
Awaken, v. a. l^U^t f2df.
Awakened, at^\ ^Uu^ mtffito5t%.
Awakening, t. ]o\ai\ ikdz, U>-\ thyd.
Award, v, fjJ^ thara^, Jl^ hakam.
Award, «• ^^ thari^, Jl>. Auim,
^Is^ Atf^a^, Ldi Jbiild. Awards, aI^I
Aware, ybL» »dhir, laLA^.
Away (absent), c^.lc ghdyib. To go
away, c-^J so^. To be away,
L^\e, ghdh. To drive away, J^ foroJ.
To send away, J^l ar«a^.
Awe, ^MJb hayhat, uJj<- khaief, >J^
te^a^, jLcLcf i^ihdr.
Awfiil, 4— f^ff^ jfitfMll/*, (ip^^^ muhtaram.
Awfulness, JLjb hayhai.
Awhile,^ Jul ^ ^A^, f^, <Uib.
Awkward (foolish), JjbU^/fiAi?; (per-
vetw), /^y^s^ mayBhnm.
Awl, ^•Jj^ ftuMlftlBL
Awless, ^>J^^ &iZ5 hayhat.
Awning, «. i^^ khaymat, sxJ tenda.
BAG
(606)
BAI
Awry, 0^f^ mu^tpwaf, 4/jsi^ muliawif
^^\ a^waj.
Axe, 8. i^'U faoi, idalb holtah. He
then bought for me an axe and a rope, and
deliyered me to some woodcutters, and recom-
mended me to them ; therefore I went forth
with them,' and cut wood during the whole day,
Axiom, «. j^Jiflj kd^iddhi (evident pro-
podtion), l^ kadiat.
Axis, «. axle, axle-treey j^sf^ mihioar,
Ay, 1^ na^am.
Azimuth, «. ^UuJl asiumaL
Azorei t^^UiMi aorndtri, i^*^jj>'^ %'-
B.
Baal (the idol), J» ia^
Babble, «• (jli! ia^A. ^Mte.
Babble, babbling, f!i^\ ij^ hurat al
Babe, 9. jJj «;aW, JaL ^t)7. See In-
fant, Child.
Baboon, 9. ^y^^ maymHn,
Baby, 9. (doll), Lti lu^t, f^j Jj^
tifl radl^.
Babyhood, i^y!ia iufiliyah
Bahylon (in Chaldea), JjU BoM, Baby-
lon (in Egypt), ^^U
Bacchanalian, ^S^ 9akrdn,
Bacchus, (jm^Ij £dkho9.
Bachelor, 9. (unmarried man), <--^t
a^jsah. Bachelor of Arts, A^l^i U^^^
^jlt. Bachelor of Divinity, ^^^^
dJ^ybSI Jlc. Bachelor of Laws, ^^«^^
^^j^\ (^}^,' Bachelor of Medicine,
Uy^hll aLu^^jU. Bachelor of Music,
lifljNjj^ll ijju ^^«3t« mdtiln hi^ilm al
miUleah.
Back, 9. j^ %ahr. The back of the
hand, cJ^f^^ saAr al kaf. The ver-
tebr» or joints of the back bone, Jj^
j^\ khoTM aaahr.
Back (again), \^\ aydan, ^U^ kamdn.
Back, f?. (ride a horse), U;-^ riil^.
Back-bone, 9, j^\jj>> kkaran aaahr,
MP
Back friend, «• (enemy), ^iXe ^tf<^a.
Backside, 9, (anus, podex), J^ka^ mak^ad,
Backsword, «. 1^*^ 9ayf, [mifi imw^.
Backward, backwards (behind), ^J^^J^
Backwardness (arersion), z\^z^ui%hrdk.
Bad,^yii thaiTTlr, v^Jj r«ft, v-i-^-:*-
}kalh\9\ (sick, ill), (^^ morfil.
Badge, «. il^lL ^aldnuU. [u*lard.
Badger, 9. (animal), ^joji\ ^\i^ ^dk
Badly (wickedly), 1^ 9karran.
Badness, jUJ fiuddt i>-\J kdbdhaL
BafBfi, 9. L,..>^l£fc» kka^ah.
Baffled, a<^'. i^U. JfcAdytS.
Baffling, adj^ ^^f^ mukhayytb*
Bag, t. ^j^ kl9, Jl^ <;AiiAA
Baggago» t^LJ iubdb, i^\y\ atwdh,
JUjI iukdl.
Bagnio, 9. (hot bath), aU>- Aammdin.
Bail (bondsman), J^ kafll, ^^^^^ da-
mln ; (security), Jl^c^ muUkafil,
Bail for appearance, j^*^>- ^U^ ia/&-
^ hudikr. Bail for the debt, iS^
JU kufdlat mdh To give or become
bail, Ji^, JIC ^aJb/o^. To take
bail, ^^ dbmtn. [ib/lM.
Bailable, liU^t <i^^Ht y^to^a «/
Bailiff, «. (officer employed to cite before
ajudge)y«Asr^ muhd9r,^j\>-chdwi9h.
BAL
(607)
BAN
Bait (meat or food), \se. ghaddy m\j^
ta^dm, LUy kai.
Baity V, (to ensnare), f^SP^ jasuib. To
1>ait (at an inn), iVclp ni^fl'
Baiting place (inn, stage, eto.), Jj^^
mataal, (J^^ tnahaU; (amphitheatre
for baiting wild beasts), ^^ Ju^ tntddn,
Sij>L^ tna^akat
Bake, v. (bread), J^ hhahat,
Bakehonse, «. ^^fum (pL ^J\ afrdn).
Baker, t. jUe;^ iUa^5ds.
Balance, «. (scales), ^J]ji^ m!sd», ^U
kahhdn. The scale or bason of a
The tongue of the balance, ^U*^^ i^^
/m^h oZ mfsdn. The handle or eye of
the balance in which the tongue vi-
brates, ^^Jj^f ^jt:^ ^in al mltdn;
(equilibrium), ^ jU^ mu^ddikU ;
(comparison), JUmj toihblh, J^^^
tamrlL Balance of accounts, Ju^
c^Lu^l rasidalhisdh
m
Balance, v. (weigh), ^j^ waaan.
Balancer, «. ^\j^ waadn, (JUS iabhdnl.
Bald, ^Ltf\ 0«2(i^, eyf aib-a^.
Baldness, ^L^ sah^.
Bale, <dU hdli, n^ji farde, ^Jj rifsme.
Bale, V, (bundle up), ^;»> hazam.
Baleful (sorrowful), (^y^^ maghmum^
jo^ mudir,
Balefully, ^ ^}ij hikol gham, jjoi) hida-
rarin, ^jjx^O hinahiin,
Balefulness, (jyu^a^ nahs, ijd^ mudarrat.
Ballista, s. j;;U^U manfanik.
Balk, V, v_— ^ ihagyah* To be balked,
\_ '-'^^ tdkhayydb.
Ball, i. if hi/rra. A ball or bullet (for
fire-arms, cross-bows, etc.), ^ ^fe,
or idflf-. The eye-ball, £«X^ hadatat,
^j^\ (^Uujf tiMdn o/^in, yy ^ii^a.
Ball, f. (ballet, dance), ^^^ raks.
Ballad, 8. Lc y^ind. [r'^^^^ madddh.
Ballad-maker, ballad-writer,^^^^ $hd^,
Ballast, s. L^jAi\ ij^ 8aburat ul
markah
Balloon, a. (large ball), ^jSli hdloon.
Balm (balsam), *mJj hakam, ^Uj ^o-
todn. Balm of Mecca, ^^^^ (^^
haham tnakkdwi* Balm of Oilead,
^Jj\j>^\ M*Jj balsam isrdlli. Balm
of Peru, i^XJb amL ftoZ^am hindl.
Balm, 9. a. ^^^ wj wada^marham,
Bahny (soothing), ^ loffffin; (odorifer-
ous), Jbi^ mm^attar.
Balsam, m*Jj halum.
Balsamic, i<«mJj hahami.
Bamboo, t, ^\jj^ khagzardn.
Ban, 8. (edict), Jl>. hukmj^\ amr; (a
curse), Lji la^nat.
Ban, f?. ^ ^^ofi.
Banana, <• J^ mafM.
Band, s. (tie), ^idajjra&^a; (union), olasrt
Utihdd, jUjI ittifdk. Bands (troops),
^lyt a/%rAf. In bands, ^lyi ^^y1
o/t^d; o/bd/. A swaddLing-band, SpUj
ittvtd^, A head-band or hair-band.
Bandage (for a wound), «. \9\jj ribdL
Banded, adf. c^J^U muiahasuibf Juua.^U«
Bandit, banditto, (jiJsH^ ^^ ^^*^ ^^
tank. Banditti, Jj^l ^ kutid^
attarikf ^y^ hM8.
Bandrol, 8. (banneral), ^ji^ handi&ra.
Bandy, 8. ^^}^ sawlqfdnt ^j%
ehukdn*
BAN
(508)
BAB
Bane (poison), a«« sam.
Bane, v. (poison), a<4mi tammam.
Baneful (poisonous), ama^ munm; (de-
structive), il^i^ muKUk.
Banewort, ratsbane, ^US\ ^ 9am alfdr \
(arsenic), :^j\ tamlkh. Wol&bane,
dogsbane, i-^jJf J^^ hh&nik otaAh.
Bang, 9. JUy laimat.
Bang, V. S-^ dSsrad.
Banish, v. iijo tarad, ^Jj nafd\ To be
bamsbedj ^Jo nuft.
Banished, ,Jc^ munfa\
Banisher, «. ^^^^ mumfl.
Banishment, djo tard, _i3 nafl.
Bank, «. (of a river, sea, etc.) J»-Li
idhU, ^l^ ihdtl; (a place where
m
money is laid up to be called for
occasionally), uJ)^ ^\?J dukidn
iorrdff dJOJ 5afi^. Savings' bank,
]^f uXj 3anib ul fukara. Bank-
note, «. ^^^^^ ^IS kdymah ioklhah.
Banker, s, uJ|^ sarrdf^ ^j^ saydrif.
Bankrupt, «. ^jJla^ muflit^ JT*^ ''^^~
«iif . To become bankrupt, ^/Jil 0/to.
Bankruptcy, (jM^il tj^. Statute of bank-
ruptcy, ^^^i\ ^^^ (^\ i^fn rmml
al ifldi.
Banner, 9. Hji*^ handiera, ^^^ hayrak.
Banneret, «. jIjjI^ hayrdkddr.
Banns, «• pU ^yoe^, Kmj^JW ^ iL^
«S^\ ^^) tanblk fU hmUah hikh9a9
aawdj ahhad.
Banquet, 9, ii\^ dtyd/at A««Ja fffohmat,
A banqueting-honse, li\^\j\t^ ddru^d
diydfat. A banqqeter (the master of
a banquet), ij\^\ u,'^f»>Ug 9&hih
addiydfat.
Banter, «. isfljf tahtljat, \jf^ %9tilmd.
Banter, r. ^jib harrqf, ^y* nuadh.
Banterer, «• 4^'fUM>n mtM^o^l.
Baptism, Ju JyiiK^ ma^mfliJia^.
Baptist, 9. (baptizer), Xm^ fliUciiifiMtli^
Baptize, 9. ^^^ 9abagh, <X4^ ^mnmad.
Bar, #. (of a door), ^/^bjO darhd»\ (an
obstacle), ^L« mdni^. A gold or
silver bar or ingot, <lC^> 9aMDat.
Bar, f7. (adoor)i Jii kafudi (to obstruct),
Barb, <• (horse), 15-^y^ ^^*^>^ Ai«d»
Barbacan, <• j%lfJ\ («^^V^1^ S ^^
tdkatfl al oMwdr Jaraml ul joAdm.
Barbarian, 9. (foreigner), %m^je> gharih.
A native of Barbary, i^,ji harhmi,
JLjLjSI a£0^ ^adimviuudniydkt JU?
sc!/iiii.
Barbarism, barbarousness (in speech),
lali ^^<i/a^ ; (ignorance), ^JfSf- jioiU.
Gross barbarism, ^*^y i^ipr J^
muraikab, Notorious barbarism, Uli
^^fuMt ^Aa&>^ nuuhhur; (barbarity,
cruelty), Jio mUm.
Barbarous (language), LU^ muyklat;
(ignorant, rude), Jjbl>- jdM; (cmel),
JII9 tdlim; (foreign), i^^^jS, yharih,
^^am.
Barbarity, «• iA»^jAi\ a J^ ^iMlam ulmar-
hamah, ^J^\ /» Jlc ^adum uHumuddam.
Barbary (in Africa), ji]j>^ jatdyer.
Barbed (bearded), ^JiO ^ lahu dakn.
Barber. ,.ji^A-«ai.J>,««^.
Barber'sshopit. ji^ ^^OduUdnkaUdL
Bard, 9.j^\J^ 9kd^. See Poet
Bare (naked), ^^t^ ^arydn, i^j^ idri.
Bare, 1^. (strip), C^je^jairad^ ^jC ^arra\
Bare-bone (lean), ^•r^ nahif.
BAB
(509)
BAT
Bare-fiaced (impudent), U>>)b hUd hayd,
BarefacedoeaSi iJ^M*^ joi&rat.
Barefoot, tJ'^'^ muhaffa\ U»- hafd.
^Li^ hafydn. [a/rraoB,
Bareheaded, ij*»\J\ <— fj«u(>< fnaJuhiif
Bargain, «. (agreement), Jk^f ^hd, jUjf
Bargain, v. j^j\i ^J^^c ^amdl hdM&r.
Barge, <. ^ui^ safinat, ^Jj^j tatorak.
Bargeman, s, yj^a^, hahr%m
Bark(of a tree),jjs^\^;^ htshrtdihqfar.
Bark, r. (peel), k^ ialakh^jmi kaahshar ;
(as a dog), ,^^ ^icwa', ^3 n^5aA.
Barked, bark-bared (stript), rj^^***^
nuuliLkh.
Barker (stripper), JLj ^kih; (as a
dog, etc.), f^\j ndhiL
Barking, $. (stripping), jAi koihr ; (as a
dog), ^ nA^A, ^^ ta^iat.
Barley, j^JfJ^ sha^r, A barley-corn,
ij^xJ^ aha^rat. Pearl barley, ^*x^
jy*^ »ha^ makshUr,
Bam, «. j\fj\ amMr, (o/^ mai^Aium.
Barometers, «. \^\ t^jt^ mU&n ul hawd.
Barometrical, adf. \^\ ^U^ ^^^^k^ Ifak-
hu8 mlzdn alhawd.
Barometrically, a&o, \^\ ^U^« llcxJ\^^
hi wdntat mHdn alhawd.
Baron, a. ^^j^, hdron.
Baroness, a, ^jj^^ i\y\ amraat ul hdritn,
Bairacks, U^^'iathlat, Barrack-master,
a, iOluajH ^^)^\ amln id kaahla.
Barrel, a, ^^^ji harmiL A barrel of
wine, ^\^ ijs^ jarat ahardh.
Barren (woman), ^le ^kirat, m^ac
Barrenness, ^Afi ^ukr, ijue. ^akdrat.
4
Barricade, a. barricade, Jud aadd.
Barricade, v. {j**ij^ iji ^mal matdrU.
Barrier, «• J^ aadd, J^*Xj>- kudud.
Barrister, f.i^^jJl J^j ioakUulda^a\
Barter, ^^U^ mu^wadat, ^ jL^ mubd'
daiUU, ij\sf* tqfdratfj^^ tnatjar.
Barter, v. Jjb Iddat,^^ tdjar.
Barterer, *. ^^e^U^ mu^tcid, Jfc)U^
nfubdda, J^j^j^ hdndrkdn.
Base (low, mean), ^iJ danly ^^J dun,
jf^ haMr, Base-bom, ^;«>Ij walad
%ina. The base of a column, id^^
i^y4ji\ hd^idal al^mud, [^aada.
Baseless, adf. (jmL«\ ^ ^^ mtn ghaylr
Baseness^ SjU>- hakdrat, ^U J dandat,
^Lck- khabaaat.
Basha, f. UU Pd^AS.
Bashful, 1^^:^^ muhtaahim. To be
bashful, ^^^srut iataha\
Basnfulness, L^ Aayd, J^ khqfal.
Basil (sweet basil), ^^^fl<;^ rihdn.
Basilic (palace), j»ai kaar; (a large
temple or mosque), ^^\s^jdm%^ (pi.
w^^^ yocrdmi^). The great artery
of the arm, JuL>V ^^^^'
Basilisk, a. (serpent), ^^^\ af^\
Basis, (jmL»1 0Md«, isc\i (pi. Jic^y).
Basket,^. Jumo m^ok^, J^J son^I/, ^Uu«» «<i^.
Bason, «. c:.»%o«Vy ^ttf A^. The bason of a
fountain, tjo^ hawd, iSji harkat (pi.
l1^ burak).
Bastard, a. ^j jJ^ traZoif smd.
Bastard or bastardize, 9. jjcj handak.
Baste, r. (beat), c«i^ (i<ira^«
Bastinado, v. S-^ (ferai.
Bastion, *. ^y iwr;' (pi. ^^^ Wfi/),
^^^Lisb hdation, ^IL tdliyah,
Bastioned, a<^'. CL'L*^' <0 /aAti tdhiydt
Bat, «. (animal), l^^jls;^ watwdU
BAT
(510)
B£A
Batable, adj. ^U** ^ fih munasa^tkh.
Bate, 9, c j^ niwa^, ^^U^ mu^radah%
Bate, v,a.jKJi\ Jj3 lunsso/ Mm^r.
Bath, 9. (hot), |*U^ Aammdm. The
keeper of a hath, _^l4>. Kammaml.
And when it was morning, the King and his
nncle entered the bath, and washed themselree;
then they came forth, and drank some wine,
and the attendants placed before them the
food, and the King and his nncle ate until
they were satisfied, and washed their haiids,
cl^l Jilj* (•Uyi j*|ijj\ ^ ^^j5^
Bathe, v. ^J^ gha9dl.
Bathing, J^ ^^7, JLjlcI %gMi9dl,
Bating (excepting), ^ ^^ayr, Ij^U
md^ada. [kaiihul ma'mUritfah.
Baton, 9. Lxe cMd, Jb t»^ Ull c—'^oni
Battalia, ^.^^i uJLa^ ma«d/ al harh
To draw np an army in battalia, s^^La
u^&.0 ^yua L^ysrJJMAfiS 9af al ^kar
lU harh 9ufufan mfufan.
Battalion, «. C^ hdnik. The colonel
or commander of a battalion, \J^j^
m\r aldy.
Batten, v. (make fat), ^^^Ama 9amman ; (to
become fat), ^jAi^ 9emen.
Batter, v. (J^^ 9ahak, j J dak.
Battering, «. ^jLo^ mtMddamah, ^Ju^
9adtnah, A battering- train, ^itX^
j^l^l madafi^ tU muhd9arah.
Battering-ram, 9, ^^^jXagVs man/Vmli^.
Batter (paste), ^^;:j«^ ^o/fn.
Battery, 9, ^\j^ tnaddfi^, ^U? tdbiyah.
Battle, «. L-^ AarJ, Jlsi kitdl, A
field of battle, ^j^\ ,^1ju^ mli^n
a/ harh. Battles, c^*,^ Atiril5,
CL^b^Lsr* muhdrahat. A sea battle,
rJl Jl:;i katal al hahr.
Battle-axe, 9. yj»}^fst9^ ^dsL haUaik.
Battlement, Jlmoj faiil. The battle-
ments of a castle, ij^\ ^J^Moi ySui^ al
kal^ai*
Battology, •. aLst*^ ^ j^lfll^^
foibir «/ kaldm/t ghyr muhallik.
Bawdy, adf. ^^^^A^'\i /ahM, [_fdhuk.
Bawdily, adp. ^J*^^\i ^yj hinaw^
Bawdinesa, «. ijt»\^ fahd9hat.
Bawdy-honae, <• jj*fc^*l^\ c-^lC^t J.*^
mtf^/ irtikdb ulfawdhMh.
Bay, «. (of the sea), .^^ Ma^'. The
bay-tree (laurel), jU ghdr.
Bay, 9. ^ fM^oA.
Bayonet, «. ^ >>- harhai, ^J^y^ «u»lf.
Be, v. ^l^ kdn. Be, tinp. ^ hun. Con-
sider what thon beholdest, 0 man ; and be on
thy ^^nard before thou departest ; and prepare
provisions from thy good actions, that thon
mayest enjoy them': for eyery dweller in s
house shall leave it and depart, ^)J^^
Beach, 9. Ji>-L» 9dhU (pi. ^J.^^^ mtrd-
Beacon, 9. ^Ic ^aldmat, ij\:>^ mandraU
Bead, «. ijj^ kkaramt. A string of
beads (a rosary), ^^^u*^ nuulahai*
Beak, «. (of a bird), ^Ux^ mtn^r.
Beam or ray of light, 9, cU^Ca 9hu^d^.
Sanbeams, ^^maJ^\ eUil «^^4^ mA-
Beam, 9. ^^^ti 9ha^ha^,
Beaming, beamy, w«ll /dm»^,^^i^ mamlr.
Bean, 9. d^jl luhiyah, J^ /f^/. Bean-
pods, t^yij6^ kharnuh.
Bear, t;. (carry), J^»b>- hamal; (to saffer),
faioTi Ji^ar tahammal. To bear
BEA
(611)
BEG
loss, jM*:>^ hhatar. To bear away,
^ J dafa^t To bear arms, Ji^ J^4i>-
hamdl iHdh, To bear firuit, (J<4k>-
hamaltyilj\ atmar. To bear an office,
tafkusab. To bear the expense,
iharaf, LJ^ saraf. To bear
company, ^\j rdfai. To bear an
affection, c^-^'v- ^» (JA^ ^hek, JU
md/. To bear up against, a>^\j kdtoam,
i^U^ hkdlaf. To bear patiently,^^
M^or. To bear witness, «Xfl ihehed.
Bear, «. ^^J dub. A sbe-bear, ^ J c^-
hah. The constellation of the Greater
Bear, j^i\i^Ji\al dub aldkbar. The
Le8serB6ar,ytitfll\ ^.^ jJl aldub d&Bghar.
Beard, «• ^U^ lihyat (pi. <<^)» ^;!«^
dahan, [dakn.
Bearded, ^us'^J sfl Zf%a^, ^J4! £0^
Beardless, J^l amrad.
Bearer, «. (porter), JU>. hammdl. The
bearer of a letter, c^yiiLJl J^U-
Adm«7 al maktub.
Bearing (situation of one place in respect
to another), ^^^ mawda^; (suffer-
ing, j^ tabur.
Beast, «• f^^^t^ haywdn (pi. iZj\j\^^
ha^wdnSt), <Um|j bahlmat (pi. ^l^
bahdltn). A wild beast, ^^^u^»-j ira^A
(pi. lA^^ wahush). Beasts, <^)^fc3
dawdb. See Cattle.
Beastly, ^c"^^*^ wahshl, a**^ 3aA{i»; (las-
civious), ^Ji^ysfdlush; (nasty),
najis.
Beat, V, (strike), f^^ darab. To be
beaten, ^-ya3\ tninrad. To beat (con-
quer), ^ 'X r ghalabtjUo %afar,j^ kahar.
See Vanquish, Overcome, Subdue. To
beat back, ^ J dafa^. To beat down,
kharab. To beat up (attack sud-
denly), fjB^ hajam. To beat (mix
ingredients), )c^j^ khaUU.
Beat, <• <0^ lifirr^a^.
Beaten, L^^j>d^ madrUb.
Beater, s. f^J^ ddrib.
Beating, part. f-r^j\^ ddreb. [mat^iid.
Beatific (happy), cl/;U;« mubdrak, Oyu^^
Beatifically, if jliuo J^ bikol sa^dat.
Beatiffcation, beatitude, S jUm» ta^ddat^
j-j^ tuba*.
Beatify, v. a. LmJ^ tawwaba.
Beating, «. <^-y^ darb, ^diJ kaOah. To
give a beating, <d:J ^4^1 at^mahu
hsUa. To have, to get, to receiye a
beating, i^ J^t akala katla.
Beaver, «• Uif u^Jl^ kalb al md.
Beauteous, beautiful, (J<^4^y<0ltf^| ^^/ma^
^a», L^jio sari/, u,gjVil /a^ff.
Beauteously, beautifully, J^^*^ J^
bikol jamdl.
Beautifulness, beauty, ^;m*»- husn, JU^
jamdl. Incomparable beauty, ^jm*^-
jJa) ^t« hu9n mdlaho nai&lr. The boy
ceased not, with increase of age, to increase
in beauty and loveliness, until his afe became
fifteen yean ; and he was incomparable in his
perfect beaaty, and his stature, and his just-
ness of form and shape, jJ^l Jjj *Jj
J J\ "lU^^ \L^ ^\ i^k?. ^^^Jl
jJljCxlj *j5j AiU^ ^
Beauty, «. (a lovely woman),
ijyA\fjamilat assurat, [Decorate.
Beautify, v, ^j tayyan. See Adorn,
Beauty-spot, «. JUl khdly LtU) »hdmat.
Becafico, «. ^^j^Sj^uas- ^asfur attln.
Becalm, v. ^^Xm) sakkan.
Becalmed, adf. ^La $dkin, ^jcXib hddl.
Became^ preterite of Become. It became,
j\^ edr. And the fisherman became
BEE
(512)
BEQ
the wealthiest of the people of his age. His
sons heoame princes, and nis daughters became
the wives of kings, jL^oi jU^\^
Becaase, J^t Itanna. Because of thati
or on that account, C^jJ Ikalek, ^^
lI^J J^l min qfl futlek, C^ jli /o^-
suxlek. Because of this, or on this
account, \i^ Ithazd. [itafaka.
Bechance, v. n. C^A'^- hadosa, fjiu\
Beck, <• beckoning, iJJL\ ishdrat, ijAx-
gham%at.
Beck, beckon, v. j\Ji»\ a»?*dr,jAx^phamaz.
Become, v, (fit or suit), jJ /aib, c^^^l)
ndtah. [^S ^yiit.
Becoming (suitable), l^..^^ m«nAMi(,
Becomingnes8,^y0sar4/*a^,&\y latafaU
Bed, «. ^1^ ^d«A (pi. ^ji^ fwTBh).
To make a bed, ^j5 faratih. A bed-
maker, i^\j5 farrdsh. A manufacturer
of beds, J^A^ fMmajjid,
Bed-chamber, «. it>yJl Lc^ ouiat annawm.
Bed-sheet, wA^^^^<A«/(pl.s*J^ '
ehar&thif).
Bedrid, ^]/lt ^^1? ^{^ afir&9h.
Bedstead, «. cr^o^ toilA^
Bed-time, ^yi\ <uLi «d^(i^ annawm
Bedabble, v. bedaub, CJp fauwM.
bedaub with gold, ^U? ^a^'.
Bedaubed, i^jt^ tnulawwM.
Bedlam, ^Is^^U m&ristdn,
Bedrop, v. oaj nakkat
Be-dwarf, v, (make little), Jt.^ saghghar.
Bee, «. ^iLa^ fmA/i (pi. J^ nahl).
Beehive, «. J^\ ^1^ kawarut id naM.
Beeswax, ^X**/^ w^Jj «Aam^ ^a«a/I.
Beech, «. ^^^t ^jL^j^ thajar ^%$h
auww&h, ^j sdn.
To
Beef,^ *^ 20Am da£ar.
Beer, 2(jy ^asa, i[^ &fra. Ginger-beer,
«. JijAjifi^l U moo/ sififi?!/.
Beet (root), #.^jJ^ «AaiMiM2ar.
Beetle (insect), Ja5»-/ii^/, JL^i.*^ iAtm-
Beetrave or beet-radish. See Beetroot.
Beeves, 15^^^ mawdBhl,
Befal, Vn ^jZ ^arad, <^Jk»> Aadat,
Befit, v.^^wU nasah, jH /ait.
Befitting, j;j[]l Idyik, ^.^^^L^t mtm^Ui^,
c,^.>"lj frq;V^. I have resolved to
take jewels, consisting of jacinths and others,
and conyey a present ^fitting him, and demand
her of him in marriage, ^U u^^^ ji^
Before, J 9! awwal, i^\ awwalan, aU^
amdm. Before this, \ JJb J^ i^o^/ A^nd.
Before the time, ^^p^ J>t^ ^^/
muamdn. Before dawn, <^u2!1 iJJi
kohl (usuhh. Before entering, ^JJ
J^Sll. Before arrival, Jj^^^ J-i.
Before some people, ^^^aMji\ A^ji.
Before God, aUtjcx. As before, d^
JJll. Before-mentioned, ji^J^ vMstor,
j^iVf tnatkilr, J^^ «dMi^, dJljlS*^
mtuAdr iUaffih, Before-hand, ]L1
And when he entered, he kissed the ground
before him, and saluted with the best saluta-
tion. And when the King saw him, he rose
to him, treated him with we greatest honour,
and ordered him to sit, and he sat, Lsii
Befringe, v-Jj^ tarraz.
Beg, V. (intreat), ^^rj^ tarajja\ m»^^^^
istarhama, ^^m^I tltanuua. And we
BEH
(513)
BEL
WihM freelfto gnmt as propitious assistanoe
to letd OS into fte ri^tdirectioii, and a heart
taming in unison with truth ; and an expres-
siTO language, adorned with ingenuoosness and
sinpticity, and style supported hy oondusiye*
Beget, r« J^li7 IwiOm/, jJj. v^/m?; (to
B^gar, 9. j^ fakir. Beggars, \j»i
Beggar, v. «x^ aMiad,jMj\^ adrfstat.
Beggarly, ^^^1 J^ mi«/ d fakir.
Beggary,^ y^r, ^jwSUl ^«.
Begin, «. Ijcjt ti&Mff,^ob ftdi^d, e^
«Aaf^tf> iXfiL\ aMoia, jUl? ^<^i^. So
they h^an to take what suited them of those
things, and each of the soldiers carried off
iHiat lie could, ^r^U jj^i^lj ^j^
Beginner, #• l^*^^^ mubtqil.
Beginning, #. !jcj\ thtidd. Making a
b^inning, part. ^^Sr^.^ ^ muhtadi.
In the beginning, J^^^c^* * The be-
ginning and the end, ^X|^ J^^y al
awwal wdldkhir. From beginning to
end, ^^11 ^J1 Jyl ^^ mw tff atcwo/
fZd' alkhir.
B^^ird, r. LU* Ad^,ytfl>- ^«ar.
Beglerbeg, t.Cio^liLj heglerbe^.
Begone, -.j ruA.
Begotten, J^j^ mmm'M.
Begrime, r. J^ iowwad.
Beguile, v.^iXfi ghadt^r^ t^ khada^.
B^^ilement, t. Af^ kllah, ^*Xxi»- khM^.
Began, ^JSL^ mubiada*.
Behalf,^U. kkdtir, j9-\ ajl. On thy
behalf, ilifl'>-1 ^ min qflak.
Behave, «. (JLiCu «abi&. To behave
carelessly, JiUJ iagh&fal.
Behaviour; (^La ftf/ti£. Qood behaviour,
c^jI a(2a^, uJU /u^/l
Behead, v. 2U\j ^Li ibto^ rd«aAo.
Beheld, ^U^ mu^jfan, j^a:^^ nutmHr.
Behemoth, «• (hippopotamus or river
hoEse), j;J^ hamlk, Ju^ £a^ima^
Behest,^! OMr, Jl>. Auihn.
Behind tji^ toord, \jy ^ min ward.
Behind (remaining), _jb hdkl; (out
of sight), i^U ghdfih.
Behold, 1). JlaJ naaar. To behold atten-
tively, ^^Is:]! ^^f^\ am^ ommiar.
Behold I \«i}U kSLvmAy \it^ tMud.
Beholden (bound in gratitude), ^y»^«^
Beholder, «. ^Ijl ndsiir; (witness), JJbL&
ihdhid; (spectator), 'pj^ mutafarij.
Beholding, part. JJbluL^ mmhdhid. Be-
holding, obligation, ^U^ mimfia^.
Behoof, id^M fdyidatf ^aj na/"^.
Behove, «. c^-^U fid«ail, j]t*/d£. Il»
behoves, i,^,.^l'«.^ munan^. It doe^-
not behove, (ji^ji^ ghayr Idfftk.
Being (existence), *^^j wufikd, ^^
kaum ; (oondition), J U- hdl, ^ll shdn.
Beings, CLy\jy>-y mawfuddt, CuUj^
kayndt. Being, par^. (existing), J^«^
mqwjud, ^\^ kagin. The Supreme
Being, sj\s^ J^\ jlkJl ^^ICH
^UJ^ alkdgin ahnutlak alhak iubhd-
nahu tea ta^la\
Be it so, ^ kon, ^JLSJ falgakan.
Belabor, v. L^j-a darab.
Belgrade, j]^ Belgrade (^l/Sl^).
Belie, v. (counterfeit), jli kallad. c»^«^
Belied, adj, c^jjU f/wkauah.
Belief (credit given to anything), jU^ft
iaimdd, oUifil f^^fi^ae;. Belief (in
33
BEN
(514)
BEN
religious matters), ^Iwi^l tiymdn,
Believe, v. SscA a^takad, ^1 aman,
jJl^ saddak.
Believer, t. (one who gives credit to),
Jii«^ mu^kid. A believer (in re-
ligious matters), ^^y mUmin. The
believers, f^^y, [ji^y mikminln.
Belike, JjkS la^aly iiii halki.
Bell, 8. {jMjP^ jaras, (j*ty\j ndkUs (pi.
{j»i>;^\y nutedkU), [muthdribln,
Belligefent, belligerous, ^^jls^ult al
Bellows, ^^^ man/akh, Asti^ manfdkh.
Belly, ^jloi hatn. Loosing the belly,
adf. (Jfuuu« mushil. Big-bellied (preg-
nant), J^l>^ hdmil or iX»^- huhla\
A belly-band, J li; tunnar.
Belly-bound, ^Jix^ munkabid, ^jo^^a^
maklnd.
Belong, r. (^^^of^ ^Am, (-.AMr*.)! intasab.
Belonging, part. ^d^CL^ muta^ik.
Beloved, i^f^»^^ mahhuhf ^JjjJ^ ma^-
«Aui& (fem. ^,ys^ tnahbuhat), iiJUju^
ma\9hukat, 0 sephyr, thou bringest me a
gentle gale from the place in which my be-
loTed is dwelling! 0 wind, then bearest a
token of my beloved ! Knowest thon when he
will arrive? Uy^j ^\ i^*^ ^^\ ^j
m
Below, Liu^a^ iahL Below the castle,
^ftliil ui^oiT taht alkal^aL Prom be-
m
low, L2-^a^^ min taht
Belt, «. ^;^ kamar, j\jj %unndr, isiax^
mantakat.
Bemoan, uJ^^b taasBoff yuse^ tahoiBor,
Bench, «. (tribunal), ^uCsr^ mahkamat.
Bend, v. JU md/, (^ke ^ato/; (to
* subdue), ^ /dtoA, c,.Jx gJuddb.
Bendable, ^^^^ Jf^* r^^ f^f^^^f
Beneath, i^^^artaht. See Below, Under.
Benediction, 9, S^j larakat. [pu&n.
Benefaction, $, h^^ kardmat, ^Um^-I
Benefactor, «• ^^ karim, msc^ mun^m,
^\ ^^. A benefactress, wcJI iJj,
if j^^, Xu i^ karimat.
Beneficence, ^^^ kkayr^ ^Uu»-1 tAtdn.
So he took it, and kissed the hands of l^e
King, thanking him for his bonnty and bene.
fioenoe, and departed, J^j U «XeLLi
Beneficent, /»/ ^^^i>Xc Bdhih karam.
j^fC^ mun^m, ^i^ karim (pL f\^
kurdm, t^ kuramd), ^j»Ji:l\ ^j^ ka-
rim ul nafi. Most beneficent, mj,^
^luJl karimush 8hdn, ji>-^l f^ ka*
rim aldkhldk, ^"La^-HI f^ ^amlm «/
Beneficial, Jui^ mufid, OU n^/?^.
Beneficially, wsj J^ 5ii&o/ na/^.
Benefit, «. auuI tn^am, ^Um^-I ih»dn,
fJu naf^f id!i\i fdyidat.
Benefit, v» (do good), ^^^ma^^I ahiana, j^ju \
an^ama; (to gain advantage), ^SGj\
intafa^, jliiuil utafdda,
Beneplacito, ctdv. (Lat.) I^jU uJ*^ katf
mdy(uhd,^jij\ U ^^JiSkaifmd aitqfak^
Benevolence, a^ ibiram, iUI^ ^r^mo^,
XaaJ« ahafakat, d-Jlal /tf(/'.
Benevolent, uiJD /a^l/^, ajc^ mtm^nN.
Benevolently, (i.jy Jij iiib/ /tt(f.
Benjamin or benzoin (a kind of gam),
cIm^ j^dk; hakhikr kunnuk*
Benign, JP-iA 9haf%k, ^jiJ^ muihfik.
Benignity, &L& 9hafakat, !j\j rafai,
li^jud.
BES
(515)
BES
Bemgnlj, cJU Jij hltol hdf, dA^^j.
Benison^ #. (benediction), i^ harakat.
Bent, i^ar/. of bend, JSU wayt ,<2*flsi«
ffitfiiAa»7, L,oti<:>.>» mm^tif\ (ad-
dicted), JhIji:;^ mta^Uik.
Bequeath, «• l^.^ wahah^ u^j wakaf.
A beqnest, 4^^^ wasiyat (pi. UU**
waiaya). A bequest for pioos nses,
Bereave, v. aJ^I a^i^am. To bereave of
li£9, J:J jb^a/. To bereave of hope,
«^??f^ hhayyah.
Bereft, ^^jS^ mahrUm, d^sut mafkiid.
Berhyme, r. Ja3 nmumm
Berry, «• «*--*>- ^JJ, ^U». hMat (pi.
<--^^-:>- ^tt^il^), cl;L>. ^335^
Berth, #. 4---^t ^y LJ1 ^L^ Jjr«
mf«^/ mtmdm id musdfirfil marJcah.
Besoreen, v* )aAj>. hafau
Beseech, «. 9/^ iadarra^ ^jua:^\ Uta-
ma»a, f^^J^ utarhama, fjfj\ ibta*
hala.
Beseeching, part, and adj. Jfu« muh-
tahU^ ^j'oc^ muiadarri^
Beseechingly, adv. ?/^ hitadarru^
Beseem, v. ^ ^.oU ndsah, (JiU*
Beset, f^. LU-I ahatfjjsp' ^ajjaata.
Beshrew, v. ^^ la^.
Beshrew me I vjj-* ^<^ to^««* ^uyflnf .
Beshronded, oi^'. ^^^aCi mukaffan, uJ •iL*
Beside, besides (near), c--^fS ibrf5;
(over and above, excess), f^^^
mtndun, Ijlc ^add, Ij^U ma^a^s,]U.
itAtf^s, UU- Ad«i^.
Besiege, v.^U^ kdsar, l9l>.l aAd^.
Besieger, #• -,« Ue^ mti^w*.
Besieging, jLa^ hiaOr, 5^1^ mato-
*tr«^ [Aa<tr.
Besieged, jy^s^ mahsUr, jo^^ Mfni-
Besmoke, v* ^^ J daWtlum..
Besom, #. ^LuJJU mtfibitMA.
Besom, v.a. \j»*:S iannoia.
Besot, V, ^JuJbJ daha»hy^^\ atiara.
Besotted, adf. J^J^ sakran, ^Jo-^
mubtali. [mafiUn.
Besottedly, adv. f^^Juii\ Ji^ misl ul
Besottedness, t.J^ Mr, ^^bai! iftUdn,
^jiSL^ fnafluniyah.
Bespeak, v. (order anything beforehand),
Bespeaker, #.. ^y muw09tH^
Bespeckle, v.jAj fulmmar.
Bespit, V. ^J-^Jji hoMh ^<da\
Bespatter, v, ^JmJ hasak..
Best, j^\ akhlr, fjuAS>^\ ahsan, J^
atilahf C;^^! at-yah. The best book,
c^lkuMy«J1 c-^l:;^! alhtahalmuiiatah.
To have the best (to excel, overcome),
L^Jii yhalah, Jia tafar. To do the
best, JuiJ takayyadda.
Best-beloved, a<jf'. J^l a^as, ^_ -'^^ a^i.
Bestial, ^<-iU^^ ira^Af, ^LjIH^IiU
mtt^Adtr tf/ ifudniyah.
Bestiality, $. d^\y^^^ haywdniyah.
Bestir, i^. (oneself), isM^ Jjj 3asa/a
Bestow, V. (^-^ traAa3<i, caotI athaf;
(ta place), ^^ irodb^. To bestow
attention or endeavour, fcSfsi*'! Jjj
i<Mk»/ 0/ majhady ^^ sa^a'. And I
Bee that thaa loveBt nfe with the vtmoet lore
and thou hast shown me erery kindnees, and
5 referred me ahove all whom thov loTest and
esireet. How then coiUd my heart be happv
to quit thee, and to depart from thee, and
how could that be when thou bestowest beneAte
and favours upon me !
cJM-
BEY
(516)
BID
♦ J-^ J^L5^ *^:-^J * ^^ ^^
^ ^^-is c^ uJJo ♦ ^y ^
Bestowal, #. ^;U>"^ »*•«••, |*U3\ in^.
Bestowed, M^^J^ mmmc^Ao}.
Beetower, $. c-H^^^ traAiJ.
Bestowing, i. ^\ i^fd, ^ manh*
BestraugH o^f. ^^^ majn^.
Bet, ty Aart, ^^j ritfm.
Bet, r. ^^\; r6hm.
Betake, v. a. and «. (Betook, Betaken).
To betake oneself, ^y ^aiMiiraAtf,
ibtada\
Bethink, v. ik. Jaj\ 4/takar, )ao.i Wm.
Betide, v. J-od- hawl, iiJO^ hadM.
Betimes, cUi; ^ ^* ^oM.
wm
Betoken, v. j\L\ oihdr.
Betraj, «. jAc fhadar, ^Isw ttd».
Betrayal, «. <GL^ kkdydnak
Betrayed, aij. ^UaC (J-«^ mutaUm hi
Uffdnaiin.
Betrayer, «. j\ Jlc pAo^lr, ^^IcS^ JWywi.
Betroth, v. a. i^Jia^ hhaUab*
Betrothal, i-k>. hutlah. {makhtnlah.
Betrothed, t-^jlai<*«MiiA^«i>fem.ijks:^
Better, J-ii^ «/»«/, ^1 <iMfr, ^\
««20A, c-^^ o^-^-
Bettor,«.^;l-Jy^ mt«*ari^,^^5/* •»««'•**•*»•
Between, betwixt, ^^ *?«^, cr^^
mfiiintf. Between his hands, ^,^. ^.
Betweenequab, ^^)/S\^. To inter-
pose between, k^jy tawM^at*
Beverage, hj^ aharhat, (m^^jJ^^ mash-
ruh. I will drink the wine, and enjoy
healthy for Terily Hub be?erage is a remedy
for disease, 4\yi\i \Jc-*3^ ^ ^r^'
Bevy, 9. (of people), ^f /«^'-
.U ndA.
1
Bewailing, part* J.-.--^ ««»i.
Beware, v. c^^-ia^^ ytoaoJ,
Beware, wMj. cJM <iyya*#. And when
thou seest that they'haTe come, conoe^ thy-
ee^ and beware of appeariag; for th^ nT«B of
all of OS wottld be lost, ^^6^!^ ^^^
Bewet, t?. c^J^ nMtf.
Bewilder, r, «. j^ hayyora.
Bewildered, aij.ji^ mtdahuyffir. To
be bewildered, yla^r tahayyara.
Bewilderment, i^^ Mr ah.
Bewitch, v,j^ 9akara,
Bewray, v. jSk ghadara.
Beyond (the further side), \j^ ward;
(remote, distant, far, further), Xm
ha^d. Beyond measure, A«5l jy
fawh d hadd. Beyond the river (Ihe
ancient Transoxania), j^\ ^j^U md
ward annahr. Beyond hope, jy
J^'USl fawk al ma^mnh
Bezel, s. (of a ring), ^\^\ {J^J^'
Bias, J-^ mayl, LJ\ja^\ inhirdf.
Bias, r. JU mdl, u^oViwl in^taf.
Bibber, t. i-^J^ <Aflrri*.
Bible, «. ^IaJI (^^\ al hUdh al
'mtdMddaSy i\jfi\ aUawrdt. [itf^«-
Bicker, v. \y^\fu ta^\ \^j\iJ tans-
Bicorae, bioomous, i^j^^ ^*^ ■* ^^'
nayn.
Bid, V, (order), j^\ amara. To bid for,
JLt aallama. To bid adieu, ^j
BIL
(617)
BIB
waida^a* To bid good day, ^Jlfi ^
saUama ^ala\ Then, haTing bidden
him fiurewril, nd aoothed hif miBd, the de-
parted, and proceeded without stopping to
the Lady Dunya. She had hid tiie paper in
hair, LS^ki^ij AJi ^JU^mt^j i&^J^ aJ
Bide, r. n. ui-X* mdkoia, ^jL^ aaiaha^
Bide, V4 a.jkuf isUmara, J^«^ ^oAcun-
Biennial, jj-ii-i J^ J.tfffl<;^\ amnift
yahial hd ionatin.
Biennially, ado. ^Jfii^ cK ^ MtnaflM.
Bier, «. cZJ^lj M3ii^, (jauu ita^fA.
Bifarious, bifold, t^jA^ mudd^f.
Big, jitf**^ y«i»», ^ iflJ«r, j,^
^oslm. Big with child, J^U- hdmtl.
Big with piide^ ^;f^^ mutakaibir ;
(Bwolleii), ^^A^ ti»an/)lU.
Bigamy, #. ^l^b isgJl onf jah hi
amrcLaftn. [bi amraailn.
Biga&d8t,#. ^2Jii»]/•^ t^r^ miiUaMwunj
Big-beUied, 4>U- h&ma, Ju^ hMa\
Bigger, ^ae\ a^um,jS\ Mar.
Bigneen, LtLuSP^ jas&maf, iJL^j tcoi^ai,
la^ fiuiKai. {y^-uLic^ muta^oM.
Bigot, i. bigoted, ^y^jp^^ wnkmoMwU,
Bigotry, ^^y^ u>aB%ods, Layj^ Wamcasat,
JL\j ^lw\ nf^mdn IdtU.
Bile, \jk^ Mofird.
BUge, 9. j^. See Shipwreck, Leak.
Bilious, t^^J^ tafrfMi^ \J^ Jj^
muwaUid audfrd.
' Bilk, 9. ^Jlix. ghoih, e J^ iUcMfci^a.
Bin, ». (of a bird) jU:^^ miiii^f ; (an ac-
connt), c»iliM^*- hUdh ; (bond), tl,\ui>»7 ;
(aaeignment or order fsr the payment
of money), A\^ htwdla.
Bill, V. (as doTes), ^ nokaru.
Billet, «• &i^ fAotto^ Sij^ totirakah,
$f^ taakardh.
Billow, t. ^yt Jwoi^r (pL ^^y«^ amwdf).
The dashing of the billows, ^i^ij
Billow, 9. ^ jl^J ianuamattf, Jb^ iaidiam,
L^Jb^\ idtarah.
Billowy, ip\y mawtcdj.
Bimensal, adj\ ^^Ji^ J$ J,0aa^y\
amrun ffohaal hd ihakr^Hm
Bind, t, Lij rahat, JJU ^akui. To
bind a book, c^jaUad. To Und
over (as sorety), JK kaffai.
Binder, a. W\; rflW^. A biAdez of books,
u^«xSje« mkiaUidhah*
Binding (the act Of binding a book),
Binomiali 8. ^^«3k»-^*> sflAoiMn.
Biographer, «. i^^l; rdu%, JSU nfiMI,
Biography, Jii ftoA^ Xrl^ rawdpat,
Biology, «. ifj^\ j^j c->L«it Jx ^A»
Bipartition, IsiAi^ mandtt^, i^ttj.ia>7
Bipartite, adf. ^^t^t^ ^J\ ^^ ffubam
fTa' hmmlnt ^^Jt^^ ^j^ ^*-r^/^ **^
rdbiM Min humlH*
Biped, a4f« ^Lj J t« tdMn.
Bipeonate, adf. ^j^\:^^J%iljmdMn.
Birch (tree), t^ baMd,
Bird, s. j)}!b tdtfir, j^ tayr (pL jj^
tayikr). The bird of night (the owl),
jtyf hum, (&m.) ^ji diZmoA. A dealer
in iHids, i^jys^* A bitd's bill, jUx^
ffifUbOr. A birdncage^ ^jJi iqfbf . A
bird-oateher^^l cf^9ay}fddnU¥ff^r.
Bixd-lime, ^0 i7«ftA.
BLA
(518)
BLA
Birth, oiy9 mawlad, iiSij, jJy, JL^
mil&d. The pangs of cfaildbirthy^ls4
makhdd; (lineage), J^i a«/, JmJ
tuul, L,.>Mw} na«a&, c/**^ fi^* ^^
mean birth, i,,„^M>;H J^fs^ fnajhul
antuuai.
Birth-place, 9. ^^ u^a^on.
Biscuit, «• I^UauAJ bohmdL [«a/<2A.
Bisect, V. a. JLa^U^ «Jai kata^h mund'
Bisection, «• ^Oma,;} tanslf.
Bisexual, a4f'. ^J>:>^ ihansa\
Bishop, i. uJamiI tukuf (pi. uJuLal cMa-
ib)r, is3\^\ aaSktfat).
Bissextile, «• ^Um^ kahls<ih.
Bissextile, <u{f . ^luj;^ ^a&t«i.
Bit, «. (small piece), ^L«!aS kit^t. A
bit of bread, >sL ^«i35. A bit of cloth,
^«3^, £^. Bit by bit, in bits, ^uk!
<uLj . A bit or mouthful, Jui! lukmat.
Bitch, «. JL)i ;ta/da^
Bite, i;. ^^ ^add; (to cheat), jJlc^^-
dar ; (reproach), f^iJL ahatam, ^^^
ta^. [jS^^^i^ Mat
Bite, biting, «. ^Uac ^adda; (a trick).
Bitter (in taste),^ ffi«fr ; (serere), JU?
sa/tim.
Bitterly, Xj\jAJ hmar&rat
Bitterness ij\j^ mardrat ; (reproach),
j^ shatm; (oalamity), i^f^k0a<$fnu9ihaL
Bitumen,^ J^r, La) naft. The bitumen
of Judsda, .^t^i. hummar.
Bituminous, f^j^ Airf, ijaij naftu
Black (in colour), jy^l uswad. Black
and white, ^^Lj \^ J^\ aswad wa ahyad.
A black mole on the &oe, ^L2» ahdme.
Black lead (antimony), J^ ih<M.
Black, 9, j\yM satffdd. See Blackness ;
(mourning), jIj^ An^dif.
Blacken, v. Jjm» ^auwa^; (to become
black), J^l iaoad*
Blacker, blackest, Jjm»1 aatpod.
Blackish, tiyu^ muiwai*
Blackness, jl^ sawdd.
Blacksmith, «• JlJk>- hadddd.
Bladder, «. <Oll^. The gall-bladder,
;^1^ mardrat.
Blade, «. ^lLa3 na«2aif (pi. JL^ nmdl).
Blade-bone, t. cjrXH ^^ Jatc'A «/ ifctf(/'.
Blamable, (^y*y^ maxmUm, j»^0 somlm
(fem. <U^J somfma^), j^^\ l-«^|^
Blame (fault), j^^aij tahtr, Ua^ Ihaid,
m *
AjS^Jaramf ^jg^, L^Jtanh; (coi-
«xk). (X, maiam.
Blame, v. t^j wahhakh, aj /dm, AO%amm.
I therefore blamed myself for that which I
had done, and eaid. Would that I had t«-
mained on the island, since it is better than
this desert place! ^Jx ^^uJu ul^a^J
BlamefuL See Blamable.
Blameless, 4^ iarf .
Blamer, «. i^UJ sai?»mdx?).
Blame-worthy, ^jJt f^-^^]^ wdfihauam.
See Blamable.
Blanch, v. ^jo^^ hayyad.
Blanch, v. (become white), ^ja^\ tbyad,
Blancher, «• \ja^^ mubayyid.
Blandishment, (J^^ tamlik.
Blandish, i;. ^jL^ maUak. See Caress,
Cajole, Coax, Soothe.
Blank(white),^^^1 a^yoi?,- (unwritten),
^jLi 9ddah\ (vacant), ^^ khdli.
Blanket, s. t^U? hhd/.
Blaspheme, v.jiS ka/ar, Umi^ jadda/m
Blasphemer, «.^l^ kdjir.
BLE
(619)
BLO
Blasphemous, 4^5^ kufrf*
Blasphemy,^ kufr.
Blast, $. (of wind), i^ nafhai (pi.
Blaze, «. (flame), y^'^ lahih ; (publica-
tion), jlfL2»\ UhtihSr. [^1 ashhar.
Blaze, t^. J«^ f^a^o/; (to publish),
Blazon, s, (coat of arms), X^lc ^atdmat,
^LuJ nisAdn; (celebration), ^IfL^il mA-
tcihdr, iji^ aJiuhraU
Blazon, «. (to celebrate), ^^t aihhar\
(to embellish), ^J nayyan.
Bleach, 9. ^^i^ hayyad^ja^ kanara.
Bleacher, 9. (^;w« mubayyid, JLas
kassdrm
Bleaching, ij\^ kisdrah^
Bleak (cold), J^b torti^.
Bleakness, J^ ^i. See dullness.
Coldness.
Blearedness, S^j ramad, ^JS*a^ ^amash.
Bled, preterite of bleed, ^yok^ mafsnd.
Bleed, 9. (to open a vein), Xai fasad;
(to lose blood), uJp iMsa/.
Bleeding at the nose, i^Mj re^ef (vul.).
Bleeder, a. jU&i faes&d.
Blemish, s, l,,^..s ^afi, jyoi hueUr,
Blemish, v. a, Uyijr ^yyab, ]aL^ iakkata,
tXuii\ afiada.
Blemished, adj. ^^xs!^ mukhtal, laL^ sakat
Blemishless, at^\ ^ c-'^jr-Jt Id t,ayhafih.
Blend, r. LLw hhdlatf ^j^ mazaja.
Bless (with happiness), 43Uj <fo^d lahu;
(to bless God), ^1^^ shaiar aHah.
And God (whoee name be exalted!) blessed
him with two male children by his two wires :
they were like two shining moons, ijjji
cji/*> ui^y. ^t^3j cr^ J^ ^'
Blessed, cl/^L« muhdrtJc^ Ju««} ea-^d.
Blessedness, S jlui M^Aiild^, I^ harahU.
Eternal blessedness, iiOji\ if jUJl ;
(sanctity), L»\^ ktddsat.
Blesser, i, CSj^ muhdrik.
Blessing, i^J harakat.
Blest See Blessed.
Blind, ^^^\ tf^W (pi. ^L^x ^ttwyaii,
fem. \i^ ^amyd).
Blind, V. ,c^ ^ama'. To be or become
blind, ^v^^ %n^ma\
Blind, «. (for a window), ^ol J^j harddye.
Blindly, L^Jl ,Jx ^o/a* al^amyd.
Blindness, Ux ^omd. Purblindness,
S^Lmx yhishdwat. [jsf- ^jaiu
Blindside, «. (weakness), uJm (fu^,
Blink, 9. yii yhatnag, Ja:i\ Uiil «>A<2a
aniMsor.
Blink, «. ilkJ lahsahyjo) noMr.
Blinkard, 9.j^\ ajhar.
Bliss, blissfolness, lc\fL^ sa^dat.
Blissful, JjMMt^mas^d,
Blissfully, adv. Iajuj ^jIua JG htkul
sa^ddah fvam^mah.
Blister, 9, ^U>- habhi.
Blitheness, blithesomeness, LluJ fuuhdt,
-ji /orflA, jfj^ «ttrilr.
Block up or blockade, v. X^ 8add,j^\^
kdssar; (to obstruct), ^i/« mafitf^.
Blockade, i. ij^\s^ tnuhdaarat, i!h\^
ihdtat.
Blockhead, 8. JU^t ahmak, Jub halld.
Blockishness, iJL lalddat.
Blood, aJ <{tfm. Blood (murder), Jri
ibi/; (offspring), JuaJ ikw/; (lineage),
s^^m') naeab. Of noble blood, ujb^
«^ri/; (temperament of mind), -^U^
'mis4/-
Bloodshed, J:J katl, ttjJlu.^^ <<i/% ti/
<^tj»d. Blood-shedder, UjJI C^'
BLO
( 620 )
BOA
t&JWt aUimd. Blood-spHling, «.
LvjJl Mfk Mddimd.
Blood-thirsty, JO? sd^, jt
Blood-sacker, t. dj&x> fMea (|1. j;ic
Bloody, 4^^t> dammti.
Bloody-flnXi i. Ad^\ Jlfil Mdl td dam.
Bloom or blosscnn, jibj %ahr, tjSbj tahra
(pi. L:j\jbj whrdt). The bloom of
youth, (^Ua:x ^nfawdn.
Blooming, partJbJ^ inuMt*
Blossom (flower), fS Hm.
not, «. (obliteration), yOf^ mahSi..
Blot, 9. (obliterate), _fi^ «hiA#'. To
be blotted, ^<«^^ %nmaha\
Blow, «. ^^ (foio^, iuD %i/^fi^. Had
I foreknown the pain tiiftt I hive Miffisred
from thy blow, I had known that *the elephant
eonld not withfttAnd nor endnre It ; but I will
not oomplain of the pain of that blow, on
aoconnt of the happinese diat haa resulted
unto me from it; for if it had a wrere effect
npon me, its resnlt was the most salutaiy,
* • #
Blow, r. (as wind), ^ tu^akh, c^
hi^h. The quarter firom whioh the
wind blows, c^-^* The quarter to
whioli the wind blows, 0^J^\ jV^.
To blow with the mouth, ^; (to
breathe), ^jJcJ taiMffM. To blow a
horn, ^ nafdkh. To blow npon (treat
with contempt), ^\ib\ ah&n. Dost
thou not observe that when the wind blows
with great yiolenoe it does not break but
the greatest trees P and dost thon not notice
that corpses float upon the sea, while the
preoious pearls remain in its furthest depths P
Bkwer, $. af^ nOfilA. A blower on
i&e flute, Gito.^U jiSfir.
Blowing, part. ^U nafiih. Blowing,
«. <^^ hub*^ i»L2j\ Misdm.
Blue, Jjj\ «wttfc. Blue ^ grey-eyed,
jjjl 4arak (fem. IS^J wrlfi).
Blunder, «. ^ 4dte. lils ^Mo^ Uss^
i^^, I!j stfOn^. A common or vulgar
blunder in speeofa, jjfi^ i^U ^Aa2it
Blunder, v. LU J^4C ^ifiyuil fMat,
Blunderer, «. blunderhead, Jh«^^^ a&Mi£.
Blunt (not sharp), iX^ ybU ma Ao Aodtf ;
(dull of undlBrstanding), wJiS\ ^^<sf ^
«^ma' al ialh. Ihald makdhah,
Bldiitly, ^. fpSL hold katm, iXiXs^h
Bluntness, idk) halddai.
Blur, «. i^^.j-r ^ay^.
Blush, «. 11^ ib%2<tf .
Blush, f • J:^ hhe/el. To cause to bloah,
Blushing, «^'. Jl^ i^Tfin,
Blushingly, J^J^J liiol khqfal.
'Bo«r,jij:>^ iWtfiMilr (pl.jJ jUfi>- jb^oiidsir).
A wUd boar, ^\^\jij^^
Boar-spear^ t. ^j^-harbah.
Board, «. (plank), ^jS ^(ni?^ (pi. ^^\
alwdh\ XjLa 9u/rah.
Board, v, (ceil or roof with boards),
uJi^ «<ii^/l On board, ^^^j^^i^
ftl markah.
Boarisb, \^jl}^ iAamfrt, Li\^*«^ ^y-
t(7eM; (brutal), iiiJU\i h^ shmfaka.
Boast, «. j^ tafaihkhur,j\ss^i\ iftikhdr.
-BOi
(S31)
SOK
Boast, t^. ^Jb\J faHha\ jaexi\ iflahhru,
^^•asT tapibhara, \iMir,
Boaster, $. ^V=^ malhdhl.js^^ fnuf-
Boasting, partJeJu% muftMiit.
Boa8tingly,^^,jUsi»l^ UiftMHr.
Boat, f . c-*j\5 h&rib, J^i kdyik, i^^
JUulOy J JJwtf 8anM. How xntich is
the fare of the boat? Mj^ \f ^
ham hird Mar%b».
Boatntan, $, i^j^ htmfl*
Bob, t. (a blow), i)j^ darbat. [ifor.
Bob, 9. (-ii^ darab; (to cheat), jJic yAa-
Bode, «. JJa7 tafawwal
Boding, Bodement, Jli fSl.
Bodiless, Juic>*]b htldjatad, Smj^^j^
ghtyr mutqfasnd*
Bodkin, <• J;^ makhroi.
Body, ». Jyyu5j- jasad, ^mD^- pm (pi.
i*luMf»-\ ajsdtn). The body of the
Ban, ^^duuJl /^/T"* A body corporate,
ii^. The human body appearing
indistinct and black at a distance,
,^ij^ shaiah{j^l.J^\a8hhah). Natural
bodies, ^UuJoSt aLm^-I qfsdnk al tatH-
^ai. A coUectiTe body, ^^^ J^^t:
A great body, j^ ^^^' To assemble
a body of troops, jL«c j^4^ jama^
^aJtar. Eyeryhody, d^\J^iolahhad.
Boil, V. ^li ffhalif, jL* wfo*. Boil
some eggs, bat do not let them get
hard, (^/u-j iULarX ^^ fjo^ jL»\
mA% 5ayt J wa lahin la tukhallih yxhoB.
Boiled (cooked), >^y^ maibilih, J^Lm^
fnaslnh'j (as water), ^JJU mugUf.
Does the water b(nl? JUc U11 Jjb
Boisterous, Jj JJ» tAaAi^, y,jLa\e> ^dnf.
Boisteroasly, ^jJb M»4r. To behave
boisterously, ^^ /oter.
Boisterousness, ifj^i ihiddat, Uy.^r
ghadabfjilj sdr.
Boid,jj*«^yMiir, gls!-* «%'a^, i^;^
yorl ; (impudent), U»-^ &»2(I Aoyd.
Bold-faced, jf JmSI ^A'-^ iMl^ ul ^war.
See Impudent.
Boldly, ij\dMaf^ lifasarah.
Boldness, i^\j>-jar(hat,l»\s^ ihafd^,
iJ^Mp^ fndrai.
Bole, t. ^j;-t ftfi, J>^ Ufahi. [duh.
Bolster, y. iXVd>t»% masnad, 5Sx^ mukkad-
Bolt, #. (of a door, etc.), yjsi^j^ ^hrhdi,
j;Le ghakk (pL jlcl agUdk).
Bolt, II. (a door), t^U^ij^^^j^ darbaa
iUbdh.
Bolter, «. JU^ ^iMdl, Jicu mflHiUiJ.
Bolus, 9. 4»- Ao^io^ ^j(p^ Attn, Aaa!
Bomb, s. S^^ humbara^
Bombardier, 9^ i^jf^ humbatyL
Bombaidmen^ ». ixb Jlc ^tjuJ\ c,^
iXartii/ tmuUifl^^ala bdad.
Bon& fide, a<fo. (Lat.) l^.^ haUum,
\^<^ idkihdn.
Bond, «. (for debt, etc.), il^^^AJ tamoi'
Mci^ (pi. CulC^LiJ); (union), jla^t
i^^iV^i, jUj\ iiti/dk.
Bondage, Juj jbyi (pi. dyJi fcuyiii).
Bondman, <• Jus ^d^ t^ju^^ Juc ^o^i
l^ndmud, bondwoman, i. hj^jdriat^
^jj\^ jawdri, 8ee Slave.
Bondsman, ^U iamfii, J^ ib»A^*
Bone, «• |»kc ^as8i» aUac ^«KdM. Joint
bones (of the heel), l»^ ib^ft; (of
the hands), ij^ haM (pL (jwU^
ib^d*); (rf the back),^lj^ **«-
soo
(522)
BOT
rdsanoAr. A carious bone ^^^romim
Boneless, |»Uafi ^lU mdlaho ^sdm.
Bone-set, v. Miaji\j^ jahbar al^mm*
Bone-setter, i-J^ mufahhtr.
Bonnet, s, i^y,j^ iarhosh,
Bonn J, iSi^^ jamlL
Booby, ». JU^t ahmak^ jU^ kum&r^
^jn^ tajfs, ^Ju^sPT jdhih.
Book, ^\s^ kit&h (pi. c^ hM),
The books of Moses, ^^^ c^^. The
rabbinical books (Old Testament),
Lj]jJ\ i^J^l The book of God,
Jil L^\s^ kitdh dUah, The most ex-
cellent book, u^Uaru^t c^\:j3!. The
books or psalms of David, jyjJI asso-
^r. An acconnt-book, ^ J daftar.
My book, ^^la^ itii^aJf. Year book,
C^\s^ kitahak. His book, ^li^
kitdhahu. The original or first copy
of a book, L^\z^\ J^l asl al Mtah.
Book-keeper, 9. c„..„J,y< mtc^MtS,
c^Wc! (JX«>U matih alhudh.
Bookbinder, jJjsr*. [^rw.
Bookish, jjx u-JlL ^a/t^ ^fZw, (jyo^b
Bookseller, #. ^^ cl^ %ya^ ifew^S.
Boon, «. <oLc ^ndyah, Juju m^maA.
Boon, o^'. «^JJ31 ^^^ ya^«^3 «/ itw/.
Boon-companion, wJu no^^ffi.
Boor, «. ^)U falldh, kJii yAa/fs, ^Jlc
<Lj^| ^adlm ul tarliyah.
Boorish, Lj kaba, Jii faUdh.
Boot, «, <U^ jmmah, A booi^maker,
uJlLrf iokkdf.
Boot (advantage), if Jjli fdyidai.
Bootless, ifjjUL lOdfdyidat.
Booty, «. 4«Mie yAaiiima^ (pL a?^
yhandffim), 2r^U yhdrah, u.y^Li «a/i&,
^^(^ \^\ ashjfd manhahah.
Borage, <- jj^JI ^U JtiKiii mmipt.
Borate^ «. Jji^l J^ mtlh ul horak*
Borax, ^^ ^ai(.
Border, «. jU^ iUndr, L^U- hathlal^
im^^^i>9^ janh (pi. c^jy^:^). The border
of a oonntry, tX>. hadd (pL 4>^«x^
AifJttfQ. The border of a garment «r
doth, JL&U- ^a«A2a^.
Border, v.n. jj\p^ jdwara, ^-^lS iterii&i.
Borderer, 9,j^\s:^ mujdwir.
Bordering, adf.j^Xs^ mujdtoir.
Bore, r.0. t^^,5» sakab,\s^ ^affiou^ ^JIj
Bored, c,.ylx i9uwJtu3.
Boreal, ^U^ ihamdll. See Northenu
Boreas, ^\aJL \yb hawd shamdh.
Borer, s, i^^t^ muskih. [wdlad stud.
Bom, *^^y mawlnd. Base-bom, U ;«>!•
Borne, j^art. of bear, Ja^^^ mtitaAAt-
mal. IS'ot to be borne, J-I^^^ -^
yAoyr mutahammal. [rmd.
Borrow, v.j\fO^\ uta^r, fjOjS2^\ uUk-
Borrowed, adj.J^jCM*^ fnu8ta^dr,^jOjSz.m^
mustahrad. [mutUlrid,
Borrower, s.jMm^ musta^ir^ ^ 0^...^
Bosom, *. ^j-o^ hidn (pi. j^U3^\ ahddn).
jS^ $adr (pi. jjjutf Mif^ur). Then be
kissed her head, and his heart was comfortod,
and his boeom beeame dilated, aa ha had been
in fear of his siiter on account of his having
opened the door. c-jlk^l^U J^ ^\ J
Bobs, i.^,X^ hadbah, Ui^ $anmah,
Botanic, botanical, \j\j nahdti,
M *
BOH
(523)
BEA
BotazuBt, «. CL^LJ Jla^ mu^im nabdt.
Botany, C^IjU!) Jic ^tbi atmabdtdi.
Botch, «. (mark), i\ J i2d^A.
Botohj, J^«V« mudahM.
Both, H^, ' Jt^ (fern. ^^\J^), Uf-iJl.
Both worlds, Mi!^^\ ol iaumtn. Both
the Beas, ^^^rcjjl oJ ^rfn. From
both sides, ^^^Ls^l ^ mm ajf&nthin.
Botfle, 9. ibl JjMi soddyeh, ^uaJL shuhi.
Bottom, ^^r. ^M, yi ka^. The
bottom of hell, ^.^jli ha^ jahan-
nam. The bottom or keel of a ship,
^^^j4i\ ^,^r. ^akb al tnarkab ; (a
valley), i^S\^wddl; (profundity), ^Jaa
oumk ; (limits), Jksw hadd. To the
bottom (completely), UUj tamdman.
At the bottom, ytSi \ ^ fllka^. From
top to bottom, v^^SnH ^1 ^jmuJI ^
min arrds xU^ al^aib*
Bottomless, j|^ 4]U mdlaho htrdr.
Bough, 8. ^ far^ (pi. ^^ji furu{).
Bonghtfpart. o/tobuy, i^J^^^^ muahtara*.
BounoOi «. (noise), ^yi karJsa^h.
Boonce, v. (to make a noise), ^Ji
karia^.
Bouncer, s. l^\j^ JtasMdh, ]o\j^ kharrdi.
Bound, bounds, boundary, «x»- hM,
To fix the boundaries, JkX>- haddad.
Bound, part o/bind, JJi^:^ muhaddad.
Bound, (obliged), ^^iA^ mamnUn,
Bound, V. (limit), J*x>^ haddad. To be
bounded, JJ^aEr* tahaddad^
Boundless, X^l^ ^ttmd^oAo nahdyat, adtt
a>> mdlaho hadd. \karlm.
Bounteous, bountiful, icsr* »ahhlj f^^
Bountifully, bounteously, S^ldH JiG
Bounty, bountifiilness, a^ laratn, l^
«aUd, if^l^ takhdtoai.
Bousy, v:^y^ «iiib*dii.
Bow, s. (jM^ kawi. The rainbow,
-.J5 ^/M^ ibtr< ibsaA. A saddle-bow,
^j^^y karhm (pi- jj«*-j|/ kardhU),
A bow for a fiddle or other instrument,
^jy»y . A bow used in dressing cotton,
t»fj>;^ mandaf. A bow-string,^
watar.
Bow, 8. (reverence), it^ rai^i; (salu-
tation), i*Ld 8aldm,
Bow, V. (bend), -^.^ ^aj. To make a
bow or reverence, ^j raka^ J^
8allam ; (to sink under pressure), JA?
iolam.
Bow-bent (crooked), ^y\ a^waj.
Bowels (pi. \x/t\ am^d); tenderness,
^aLSi 8hafakat,
Bowl, 8. (jmIL td88, -.Ji tflMloA (pi.
Box, «. J^JCm0 8andnL Bring out these
things from the box, 5«3jb ^rj-^^
j^Jc^t ^ u^U»-liB)1 ahhrifhauh al
hdjdt mm a88andilk, A small box, ^uLc
^fdbai. A snuff-box, Li^u^ <uLc ^u^^
tti^il^. A box tree, ^jtA hah. A
box or blow, X^ latmat, [rahn.
Box, f?. (fight with fists), \^jLxi iadd-
Boxen (resembling or made of box-wood),
Boy, 8. ^g0^ 8dhi, ^^ fata*, jJ[^ waiad.
Boy, is it morning ^jsr\ ^U? (Jj^i3J|^li
yet tt^oM hal Uda^ aifajir f A servant
boy, i^jlfi^ Jshadim. Boys, ^Im*^
Boyishness, L.^ MidA.
Brace, v. JJu ^atoc?, i3J>j robot.
BEA
(534)
BSE
Brace (tie), isAc ^ukdai. A brace or
1^' '^V *^'
Braces (for trowsen), C?1IU>> hammdUi.
Bracelet, 9»^y^ iW0dr.
Brackifih, JU «ifi/t^.
Brag, V. JS3 takahlar, j^\i3 tufdihar,
jss^\ iftdkkar.
Brag, 9. lj^\L9 mufaihrat,J^ UikMwr.
Bragging, part. ^V^ mUaJMt.
Braid, v. (weave together), uJ hf. To
bndd hair,^^ i^or. [lAUln.
Braid, «. L^^ «A«ri^, ^y^ khatj, ^\ko
Brain, #. fU J ditnAgh, The membrane
of the brain, &t« jJl /»! «mm al dirndgh.
Brain-fever, ^U J ,«<«^ humnu^ du*
mdghlgah. Brain-flick, ^Uia!^ Jru^
mn^toZ addumOgh. Brain-siciaieefl^
^UjJt JLa\ i^iM M dimagh.
Brainless, ^U jib Ma dim&gh.
Brake, preUriU ofhreak,jt>t^ iatarc*
Bran, il\asr nukhdlat.
Branch, ^^^^ gham (pL ^;li^f aghidn),
braaohed candlestiok, ^^\jnt.»A sAom-
^«25ii. A branch of a river, Jj J^
jadwal (pi. Jjlj^yM25i&tQ« A branch
of a family, j^^ah) noMh (pi. c^LjI
amdi).
Branchy, adj. ^L2i!i\jJ^JUMrMlagh9dn.
Brand, 9. (mark made by boming), dl J
ddgh, A fire-brand, ^/^^ Jamrat.
Brandy, t. i^^^j^^^ ^uhfriiuawl,
Brangle,t. ^l:^ mundM^ak^ «|^ iMsd^.
Brasier, $. (worker in brass), ^/sM^
nMi&9.
Brass,^^^ yjj>ssr ndhdi arf»r.
Brat, 9. JiW i^flfji^^^ foaUd 9agkir.
Brave, ^u-j?=^ s%l^, 4,g;«>-/irl; (mag-
nifiosnt), ^mIo^ ^fmUm.
Bravery, Zclcf^ sityia^o^; (magnifioaioe),
JLr\ iflal.
Bravo, I. (assassin), UjJ) cJH-ii n(^
«; ifaiid, Jili l&ta. Bravo (weU
done), aU\ c3liU ^4/^i( oOiA.
BrawB (the arm), Jl^Li <a^Mf.
Brawny, J^iofi ^oJtZ.
Bray, 9. (braise), ^js^ 9(ikak. To biay
(as an ass, etc.), fj^ naluik.
Bray, 9. (of an ass, etc.), fj^ naUL
Brayer, >. (potmder), ^^L* 9dhii; (as
an ass), j;jbl} ii/tAft.
Braaen, (jmIc^ nahd9, l<*>W «mAM.
Breach, «. (aperture), ^\ssj\ i/MdK A
breach of fiEuth, tXfJ! ^ Jk£ ghadr al^M,
Bread, J^ MmSs. Boy, bring bread,
TJnlJBavenedbraad,^^Jd|j«^ khuhfiOir.
Leavened bread, ^^ojL i^ ijbat
kkamlr. Goat«e bread, jlLScL JOtuA-
idr. This is very good bfead, \iJb
<a-y^. Thisbreadisbad,^^JlUir1 1«3J^
r vw^^iv WW ww^n^wi^ y v^vWv#
Breadth, ^jC ^ard^ Aooardiag t» the
hreadA, U^ ^«fttNi«
Break, f^ y»^ Ammt* The break of
day, ,^udlt HMttftA. To break £uUi,
Jt^ljjL^ ghadmr ul^akd^ iXfJl uiJli
iMi^« al^ahd. To break an agreement,
Ofull ^ fnM, id^Ml. To faraak
in upon (assault), f^ hafmn. To
break (melt as frost), s-^ J tawwai.
To break oat (beoome knoim), j^\
ofuhahar.
BBB
(625)
BBI
/^aur. Bring breakfiwrt» jijSai v^-^^f^
jihfiaar.
Break&flty r. Ui.JtyM^ buar iwafrd.
Breast, UjXo %aAr (pi. j^Ju^ luJfir). A
woman's bxeasti gF jJ Mi£E. The breast
of a garment, \,,^^.^jayh
Breath, ^^^ij nafoi (pi. (jmUjI 0n/%I«)>
(yJLj tanaffits; (life), SL». ^4^;
(an instant of time), Hag} lahtat,
SSi^i^ ddklkat. To draw breath, (^;«J:J
tamffu. Bhortnesa of breath, Jm<^
^j»ii:i\ dlk annafoB. A breath of air,
•• •*
aamJ fuu/lm, iis^ nufkat.
Breathe, v. {j>mj tanaffas. To breathe
• •
odours, ^ nafaK
Breathing, 9. yMJ tanaffiu.
BreathlesSy^^/MiJI 9^'^^ tnaktU^annafai.
Breeches (or trowsers), ^;jl^ pantahn*
Breed, v. (procreate), jJj undid; (to
produce), f^S^ Ishtiidh; (to contriTe),
fj^ (kktara^; (to bring up), ^j
rMa\ [jj^\ atl
Breed, f. JmJ imw/, ^jM^jins; (species).
Breeder, 9. (prolific female), i^\j wdlidat.
Breeding (education), ^y tariiyaif
Breeze, 9, *^ fUMim, L^ «aM or 9ubd,
Breesy, j<J['^ ^woy.
Brethren, ^^^^ akhwdn,
Bre^^t, ^di;Jli p&tmta. See Diploma,
Letters-patent, [/•^aJii^ mMda9ar,
Breviat, breviature, jL^id^l ikhtU&r,
Brevity, jUaifv.! ikhitBdr.
Brew, «. (beer), ^ Jl^a ^umal ^IrraA.
Brew-house, 9. ir^\ J^4«/t ma^maZ u/
Mrah. [ul blrah.
Brewer, «• 2r^t Ju/^ ^^a!t ato y^^f/
Brewery, t. jr^l J^ji^ tna^ul ilrahm
Briber f . if^^ rtuhwifi, JJ^ ^or^tf.
Bribe, 1;. Jl?^ hartal. To take a bribe,
J^jfj tabartid.
Briber, 9. ^J^]j rd«Al, (J^jf^ mubariiL
Bribery, iy^j ra9hwat.
Brick, 9. (for building), J^y ibtrmfi.
Bridal, A|f. i<<#/^ ^urA.
Bridal, <• ^/m^*
Bride, 9. y**fj^ iank9 (pi. j^J]^ ^ardye9).
The bride-chiuaiber, f^Urt £^j1 aikiai
ajlfahpid. The bride s portion or pre-
sents sent by the brideigroom to the
bride, jt«W 9addL
Bridegroom, 9. ^/^jp- \a/ri9.
Bridge, «. jH^Df- jwr. The bridge of the
nose, \^V\ Juoi.
Bridle, 9. ^\A Hjam (pi. 'UA\ ^\ J^
^in&n. A bridle ornamented with
gold, etc.), tjutfvj roi^^
Bridle, v, ^je lajam. To bridle the
passions, )a^ dahat, Js^ kasum.
Brief, j;M^ ia«fr, j«d&L« mui^toar.
Brief, 9» (writbg), itrL khatt; (epitome),
jlaH y'd%.
Briefly, \j,aSjL» mukiasiran.
Briefness, jlidi>>-\ ikhti9dr.
Brig, brigantine, (^ji\ (brlk.
Brigade, 9. \^ Utod,
Brigadier, «. ^^ji^ mlr Uwd,
Brigand, t<«\^ Aoramf, JJJyUl ^^
kdti^ul tarlkf _aJ» <^£i.
Bright, brilliant, ^\p^ jcXl^ j*^ munfr.
Brighten, r. (make bright), ^^ Zaimna^;
(to make gay), Wj &Ma<; (to be «r
grow bright), ^yi dawa\
Brightness, brilliancy, I^mp .diffd.
BBO
(626)
BBO
Brilliant diamond, s. (jmUII dlmdi. Set
in brilliants, y^^ mwraua^ /^y^
majawhar.
Brim, _ZtJf ^i futn (uJuhy,
Brimful, ^J^^^^*^ mumtali, Ji\ ^\ ^U^
mumlu ilalfum,
Brimfalness, h^\ mttld.
Brimstone, cuo^ kihrU.
Brine, JUU md mdlih.
Bring, v» <--^l^ j&h. To bring abont
(effect, make, do), (J^4X ^mal. To
' bring forth children, jjj. To bring
proof, (j:^! (Ubat. To bring off (die-
engage) ^^/ol^ khallas. To bring off
(dissuade), ^ ; ^ mana^. To bring
over (persuade), • v i hana^ To
bring to an agreement, ^j waffak.
So the gardener took the pieces of gold, and
■aid to them, Enter, and divert youiBelyes ;
for the vhole of it is your property, and sit
down until I hring you something to eat,
Bring, imp, j>A^\ ahdir, djU hat,
Brink, «. (.J^ ^ara/. The brink or
bank of a river, j^\ im^Jo tar of
Brisk (quick, spirited), kuJ ittMAtY.
Briskly, adv. WIu«:j i» nashdt.
Bri6kness(gaiety),]9 luJ nof^o^, -iji/araA.
Brittle, j^XrJ] JjIS ^3f7 attahUr^
UljU da^if.
Brittleness,' («Ja^ <7tfc/, c^^Jac ^a^.
Broach, %, i^ slkh, j^S s^y^ i^
Akk mwihvfi kahir.
Broach, v. (pierce), u^^ takdb; (to
split), JmS« <Aa^; (to utter or publish),
^^f&l ashhar, j^\ asAar.
Broad, (^^ ^arid, ^tj «^d«t^, ^mJ
/mIA. As broad as long, ^y^ «m(-
rabha^. Broad and long, ijbj ^j^
^dan ioa tulan.
Brocade, 3, ^Vi^ dlhdj. In it was a
parilion of hrocade, raised upon oolunms of
gold, and within this were hirds, the feet of
which were of emeralds, *^^».*rfc. w^-^^j
Broil, ». i^yot^ I^uiUnuU (pi. c:^L«^.as>-
Mi««timd^).
Broil, V, (grill), f^yJL shawa*.
Broken, part, of break, j^mC* maisuTy
jMiLv^ munhuir. Broken-backed, j*ai^
fnafkur. Broken off or asunder, ^La:^
munkati^. Broken in pieces, d^yi^
mafiut.
Broken (violated), ^^aSs>u^ muntahid.
Broker, », JS J daldl, jlubMi^ samsdr, A
broker's hire, brokage, brokerage, Zllj
dildlat, A female broker, Ul J daildJat.
Bronchitis, t. ^jiJci\ i^j^s^ tnafdri
annafat, ^^lfJll1 ilx. ^illat ul tUthdh,
Bronze, \ju\ss^ nahdi.
Brood, t, JmmJ nasi, ^^uj^jtns*
Brook, 8. jJf^j^ nahr ■ Baghir, ^L>
idkiyah.
Brook, v.j0^ aahar, ^JAatr tahamwud.
Broom, L^iL^ mukunsat. [mukmiiah.
Broomstick, Bi ^LyuyiUl v_-- n* koMtd
Broth, \{jy^ ihnrha, ijj^ maraka.
Brother, «. A akh (pi. ^^^f akkwdn
and iyi^\ ukhwat). The father's
brother, m& ^am. A mother's brotlier,
JU^ khdl. A brother in Ood, J ^
^1. A brother-in-law (the siBter's
iiusband), j^ ihar. How ia your
Birc
(527)
BUL
l>rothei ? ul^l JU uLS %/ hdl
Brotherhood, ^y>-^ ahhamyai.
Brotherly (like or as a brother), ^
^^^^\ ily^ fi mataalai akhl.
Brow, «• (the eye-brow), ii^^«>-l»- hdjib.-
Brown, ^«4m}1 asmar; fern. \jA^ iamrd.
Brown sagBLT, jA^SJia iukkar asmar.
Brownness, jU^ aamdr^
Browse, v, ^j ra^l.
Braise, t. ^A^ sadmat
Bruise, v, a Ju^ sadam ; (beat), J J dak.
Bruised, jy J^ madink, Jy^^"*^ mathok.
Brumal, i^fJ^ ihatawl.
Brush, s. ^\j^ji far$hdffe»
Brutal (belonging to the brute creation),
4^1^^^ haywdnl, a^ lahlm.
Brutality, JJ9 s«/«», LjLjI ^dfi ^adam
ifucLniyah, [^codam insdntyah.
Brutally, UU^ tuHman^ LjUmJI <«Jju hi^
Brute, «. A4j£.t ^a^Sma^(pl. aJ[1^ iff^dyim),
^y^ haywdn (pi. d^Ulj«». Kaywd-
ndt). If an has reason, a brate none,
iaAo ^aJd ammd albahimat /aid.
Brutish (resembling a beast), m^\ Jt^
misl al haMm.
Bratishly, ^U^fJf Ji/< mul al hahlmat.
Babble, «. (a fraud), jiXe ghadft ^^
mikr. A bubble, babbler or cheat.
Bubble, r. (cbeat)i ^Ji/^ ghtuh. To
bubble (blow as water from a foun-
tain), w; naha^
Bucket, 9, jl J dalu.
Buckle, 9, (a curling lock of hair), «X«>-
ja^d. [ja^.
Buckle, V, (to curl), uJlj soAi/
Buckler, t • ;jm^ ^urf • [tmir J.
Bud, s, jj %ar, A rose-bud, Jj^ %j tar
Bud, V. jjjj tamuir.
Budget, 9. J^^^ (^jLo^^ Ci\ji\ iari
\jjs^ layhat irdd wa wuudrif addmoal
9anamyan» [jdmiU,
Buff (bofEalo leather), \j»»y^ jJ^ jM
Baffiilo, 9, (or buffle), \j»*y^ jdmU9.
Buffoon, 9. Xjif*^ nuukharah.
Bug, 9. imimi fiufuBiUy yjia^\ fji hak
al hUdn. [(pL Jjj V ^A^t^^O*
Bugbear, 9. JL^^ khiydl, fjjy-^ tahtcll
^°fi»S7 (^1^ 0^ bugs), ^jMUbiuwi^ mufoMJU.
Bugle, 9. {or bugle-horn), ^^ ^izifc.
Bugloss (herb), jf^l ^^U ^Mon a««iZr.
Ml
Build, v. y4^ ^mmar, jj hana* ; (to
depend on), JuclaI i^tnad, ^JCl a^-
ib/. He has built a house on the bank
of the riTer,^1 ^iL Jx. c:^ ^
bona* hayt ^la* 9hdii annahr.
Builder, «. jUjc^ mu^mdr, w iannA.
Building, 9. 1:j 3inS (pi. JuijI abniyat\
^L:j hunydn. Public buildings, JL:j\
^jt^ ahniyat khayriat.
Built, ^<V mt^^^o'y j^'^'A.^ ma^Hr.
Bulb, «. (or bulbous root), Ji^.^ hcual.
Bulge, V. (to founder, as a ship), ^ji,
ghirik.
Bulimia, bulimy, 9, ^AQi\ c^ ju^ td
iath,jAJ^\ f^J*^i ^ hakar.
Bulk (magnitude), ^ul&c ^tamat^ jjj
kadr. The bulk or mould of the
human body, Jj kad, cr-^w^li kdmat.
Bulkiness, L^L^^jtudmaL [a^fwH.
Bulky, j,^M^ja9lm, *mms)\ aJo^ ^otlm
Bull, 9,jy 9awr (pi. ^^^^ «Trfin), j'jS'.
The constellation of the Bull, j^jt ^y
hurf a99awr. The star called Bull's-
BUR
(S28)
BUS
eye or Aldebaran, f^\ji*^\ addabardn.
A bull's piszle, L^ iowt*
Bullety 8. La\^j risdu^
BuUock, <» (yoang boll), J.^ ^T.
Bnlly, r. t)s-y taufo^^, JiX|7 tahtuU^d,
Bnlrashy «. ^Uoj kasahe.
Bulwark, «• ^y bwy, ^^ ib/^a^.
Bamp, a. ^ no/'M, aj^ waratn.
Bxmoh, i. (of flowers), Sj\j ddia. A
bunch of grapes, J^Aif ^on^e?, XLo^.
A bunch of dates, ^j^ ihimrdkh.
Bunch-backed, c^J^»-i ahdt^.
Bundle, s. JLs^ h^'e. A bundle of wood,
^j>- huzmat, A bundle of grass,
ijjP^ jursat.
Bundle^ v, a^\>^ hoMtn,
Bung, 9. (^^ji ir jIjuj aidddat harmll.
Bung-hole, a. ^jj^^ manfaa.
Bungle, a. Ui ffhalat, l^ XAaid.
Bungler, f . Jjblsj- jdML
Bungliijgly, J^ Jij htkoljahL
Bunter, «. (a low, vulgar woman), ^ybU
Buoy, V, ir^JjUwii «Aamd9kfara.
Buoy, V. (float), U!l 4^-j ^le. Ac ^m
^ala* ivajh almd.
Burden, a, J.^^^ humh Of equal burden,
Jj Jfi ^0(A;. a burden (tax), ^]/>-
khardj. Free from burdens (untaxed),
uJU^ mu^df, A bearer. of burdens,
^y^\>^ hdmil. A court in caravanseras,
inns, etc., where they load beasts of
burthen, ^U- khdn.
Burden, v. fj^>^ hamnud; (to oppress),
JJff %alam. To lay down or unload a
fauiden, fj^\ ^Jj naaud al huml.
He was a imtn in poor ciroamftaiioaB, who bore
bnrdeiiB for hire upon his head ; and it hap-
pentd to him that he bore one day a heary
burden, J-iac JLJ]^-jJJ%>-j ^^^
Burdensome, L^r^c^ mui^.
Burg, «. ^Lm^ haaahdh, '
Burgess, «. (burgher), tjJJl ^t fi^ o^
^0^. [mamlaiat.
Burgmote, a. KLmII (jJ^^ vuyKa «/
Burial, ^J ({0/9i, ij^^ jin&zai. A
burial-plaoe, ^^;fA^ makbarah.
Burlesque, a. ijs^**^ maahharat.
Bum, 1^ j^ Aara^. To bum with
love, ^jm1£ ^M^ib. So when her
futher heard them words from her, the Ughi
became darknoBS before his face, and hia heart
was tortured eioeasiTelT on her account; lor
he feared thtt she would kill henelC and he
Uli
was perplexed respecting her,
i^^ ^J LJt jU aH^I \jJb lfM« \jby\
jI^JI iU IfcU Us j^\^ aib
Burner, a. ^y^ muirtk.
Burning, a^ ji\/>'^ (hrdk.
Burnish, «• JLp mIoL
Burnisher, «. ^Ul Jll^ aakkdlaaaildk.
Burnt, Jj^^a:^ moAraA, JytMu« maah^
Bursar, a, (treasurer of a college), j\ Jj^
i^jX^\ khoMnaddr al madraaat.
Burse, a, j\j\i hdndr, j:^ aoi. See
Market.
Bury, V. ^J dofan^ j^ iabara*
Burying, a. ^J is/n. A busying
ground, ij^Ajf makbara.
Bushel, a. JJ kU, A^ ka^hh
Business, JjLI ahuffM (pi. JU^l mA-
^Aa/). Is your business now com-
pleted ? ^)\ (Jilft^ |J Jjb Aoi <am
ahughlak aldnf He is exceedingly
active in that businesst 1j^ j^ m^
BUT
(589)
BY
ashakuffhl. Important businesai Af«/«^
amr muMm. A necesBary buainessi
i5>-l>. hdjat (pL iff^y^- hawdfff). A
manager of businees, ^J^^ tcakil. To
appoint one to do basineas, jS^ wakkd,
Pablic basiness, dil^\ JU^l Mhghdl
(U mamldkat.
Boss, B. ^^ hoMBdh. Tobnsa, ^b h&n.
Bast, «. Jli<«j tmsdh
BostarcL «. 4^,^h>- Aii^rf.
Bustle, «. L^L& ^ty^^i ^Ojs^ ^j<i^^
Boay (employed), J^*-ufc*« nuuhghal,
Jjclm(u« mushtaghU. To be busy
(employed), Jm^VM^toy^.
Bat, ^ lakm, ut ommd ; (except), 1\
%Ud. There is no doabt bat if . • •
'^\ u!3k<2i) Id shakhi anna. For if
mischief befal him, I perish inentablT ; nnce
I do not enjoy the sisnt of the world but by
his sight, nor do I delight saye in his life,
IWs^i cuXJjb j^ ^ J.a^ ^^\ Aili
And bat a short time had elapsed when the
sea was agitated and disturbed ; and the unde
of the little one came forth from it, having
with him the king's son safe, ^^ Ai
USLi. Enow, noble gentlemen, that my
father was one of the chief merchants of Bag-
dad; and God (whose name be exalted!) blessed
him with no son but myself, ij-^iJixl
Batcher, «. «_>LdJ iauib. The trade
of a bntoher, <^LaSi\j\i h&r olhaBB&b,
A butcher's shop, c-rt^f (j^^ dukkdn
d hoBBdh, A butcher's knife, j^L
BdHr.
Batcher, p. ^J uhah^ \^^m koBBoh.
Batchery, J&S kail, U Jil^a^ m/% dtmd,
Batt» «. (at which marksmen shoot),
uJ JJb hadaf, ^Uj nMdn ; (a barrel),
^yi^ harmlL
Butt, «. (with the horns), J^ natah.
Batter, ^^^ Bomn, if^j *uhdah. Toast
some bread, and batter it, ijy^jAS
y jjj ^lIx )a>'^\^kammir Bhuwayyat
hhuh% wa hU ^atieh %yhdah, A butter
or oil merchant, ^^uLs Mmmdn, JUj
Butterfly, «. ir^lij loBhBh&rdh,
Button, B.jj %arr (pl.j\;j' aardr).
Button, P'jjjj MTMor. Button-hole, b.
g^j£. ^rtoah,
Bottress, b. J,>ix ^mud.
Buxom (lively), ^^;i^'*^ muBhhin.
Buy, V. c//--»1 iBhtara*. We will buy
some things, \J^\ fjosc t^/^ ^«V
&tMl»d noBhtarl ha^d OBhyd.
Bayer, «. c^^i^*^ muBhiarl.
Baying, «• ^^^t tBhtird. Buying and
selling, \jJ^^ wo hay^ tea Bhird. Buy-
ing on condition of transferring to the
seller the debt of a third person, ^J
ll\sSi\ hay^ al kafdlat.
Bazz, V, (as flies, etc.)» J^J^ wa%wa%.
Buzz, buzzing, «. Sj^, wazwafuii, A^ J^J
damdamah, aULc. yhalghahh.
By, 4 A cr* ^**' c;^ t****' ^^ y^^
go by land or water? ci^LgwJ Ja
^^\ J^l^fJ' ^' toBdfirfl al harawfl
al hahr f By me, ^^j>^ minnl^ ^^^
^annl. By thee, Ciow« minak, ^^'^
^nndk. By him, her, or it, <1:^ mtno,
JUe c0»no (fern, l^:^ tninhd, \^
^anhd). By us, IL« mtnna ILe ^annd.
By you, *^li/« tninkomt S:>^ ^anham.
34
CAB
(580)
CAL
By (or near) the river,^^^ JJ^f ^and
annahr. By agreementy JfUj]IU. By
heaven, ^U, Jib, 41J). By chance,
^ la^L By that which, Uj himd.
By force, \j^ jabran. By all means,
^\ al lattahy iLt^b ^''/ jumlat,
Lklli ^''Z ib/^a^ When she drew
near to him, he rose to her, standine npon his
feet, and seated her by his side ; and she took
forth the paper and handed it to him, saying,
Bead its contents, ^jo^ ^U^ ^^^/ ^^
C.
Cah, «. ^y: ^raha.
Caba or Kaba (temple of Kecca), ^Ui^l
dka^a. [doBUat.
Cabal, «. (private confederacy), <Uij.*-J
Cabalistic (occult), j^^&«^ mt«*A/l.
Caballer, «. ^^L>J c^^^^^L^fdAti^i^MdyM.
Cabbage, ^^x^r /aitAana, uJ^iLt rMJfaf.
Bring some cabbage, cauliflowers, tur-
nips, carrots, and cucumbers, ^^^^^
iL^^ yid shuwayyat malfafwa hamth
hit ioa lift wajmoT wa khiydr^
Cabin (of a ship), ^l^ kaiMta; (a cot-
tage), ^^ kohh.
Cabinet, «. (box, etc.)> Jj«>^^ Mmffiit;
(a private apartment), i^ls^ khalwaL
A cabinet council, ^l^ c>^^^ iAu'an
khdi. The secrets of the cabinet or of
state, ^^0.^^ j]^\| aardr al tnamlakaL
Cabinet-maker, s. j\sfr nt^ar.
Cable, 9. <U«^ ghomana.
Cabman, «. y^^,j^ ^arabajl.
Caboose, «. L..^*^^\ '^^ t^J^ mawda^
nuUhakh al markah.
Cackle, r. (as a fowl, etc.)f jji harakj
fjM naknak.
Cackle, 9. ^mmj naknakah.
Cacochymy, «. l9lL>^SI|^ i%Jk!ljLJ fudd
uddam todldkhldL
Cacography, s, lL«!lli lalx ghdat hUimld.
Cacophony, ^^ lahn.
Cacophonic, cacophonical, cacophonous,
^,^^J^ mmlhm Uh, laiisll dj/ karlh
id talaffia.
Cadaverous, cu^^^ J^ *ntsl al fnayyet.
Cadence (of verses or periods), yj^}^
aK!1 mli&n alkaldm. [mawxun.
Cadenced, adf. ^si**^'mu8t^a^, uuj^
Cadet (younger brother), ^mJI ^11.
Cadi, 8. (judge), ^li kddl. [kafidn.
Caftan, «. (an Eastern garment), ^^)sii
Csge, ». ^joii kafaa (pi. ja\ii\ akfif).
Cajole, V. jL« imi^^, uJWi /^^/l
Cajoler, «. uJl^JU mif^^(f, ^jXc!t^^«2;^
ibMlr aHamhk.
CaitifP, *.^^ «AaHr, ci^j.*f^ khahu.
Cake, «. ^(^^ iU^Vi, ul^ iba&ib. Bring
bread, sweetmeats, and cakes, ci^*U
u^^ CjI^jJ^ hdt khului wa
halwiydt wa ka^.
m
Calamitous, ^jm^^^ fnanhm.
Calamity, <U;»a^ musihat, lUs^ mtAnii^.
Calash, s, (carried by camels, etc.), ^^^yb
hawdaj.
Calcine, v. ^^*SS kallas.
Calculate, v. {^^m*>^ hanab, o^ ^add.
Calculation, calcule, <^La»- hisdh
Calculated, ^JyM3^* mahsub.
Calculator, «. ^.^wsls^ miiAdW^.
Calculus, 8. (stone in the bladder), iy,a>-
luuwat, (.^L*>- hi8db. Differential
calculus. ^JutfUnil J^ ^Im ul tafiditl.
CAL
(531)
CAM
Integpral calcoloB, _^Usll' Jx ^Om ul
tamdml.
Caldron^ #. Jk* Mtf, ^^|j5 kasOn.
Calendar, «• (almanac), ^^ tatwlm
(pL |WjU7 takdt^m).
Calender, fr. (smooth cloth, paper, etc.),
Ja^ »abd. [kdUnder.
Calender, «. (Mohammadan monk)> j jjj
Calenture, «. (ferer peculiar to hot di-
matesX i<^^^ hmMnni.
Calf, #. J^ ^ij^7 (fern, llsf- ^^, pi.
Calibre, ^Lc ^dr.
Calico, ^U. khdm. Printed caKoo, |%U.
frjJa^ khdm mathn^.
Calif or Khalif, aLU Uo^of.
CalJ&te, J^JlU. i^Ao/S/aJ^.
Caligraphy (beautiful writing),
Caligraphist, «. LlLdL khattdt. I said
unto him, I am a lawyer, a learned man, a
writer, an arithmetician, and a ereat caii-
graphist. Thy profession, he said, u profitless
in our country, JLc sj^ J,\ ^ wrL.JiJ
Call, r. ^^ MraM ; (name), ^^a-*
aamnu^; (to invite), ^^ ^osffm. To
call before a judge, ^\j rd/a^,j,ds^\.
To call together (convoke), %.^«^
jama^. To call (proclaim), ^^jU wddb'.
To call (visit), j\j %dr. To call back
to life, L»-1 ahi^d. To call in question
(to doubt), CX^ ihak. To call one
in question (to interrogate him), J'L
ioal. To call to account for money,
L^^wU. hdub. To call for help,
^^IxiUijI Uta^n. To call to witness.
Jf& ihahhad. Call the porters, 2f J^t
^^Ikirt indah al hammdhn*
Call, i. ^Jd? ^0&i&, \jj n$dd; (a df*
mand), <^Jiff ^^iM, U-^ ni^; (an
order), Jl*- AvAm. Obedient te a
call, ^^ix^ mti^f ^.
Called, c.j'^lLk^ matiah ; (named), ^X***^
mumama' \ (to be named), ,JLj
^Sanmina'. [sion), JLcm^ Mii^a^.
Calling, L^'^lt^ fti£i^. A calling (profes-
Callous (insensible), {ji*y**s^j^ ghayr
mahiits, yu^^tj htid hass.
Calm (placid), u^^U Adi^, ^ J^ t£?tMft^ \
(not stormy), ^<»^l>0 «<sAl.
Calm (tranquillity), *yMb kadu.
Calm, V. ^^JJb hadda\ ^JL» takkan.
Calmed, ^L 8dk$n, ^^jU hdt^.
Calmer, $. t^J^ muhaddu
Calmly, ^^ Jij hikol sakun.
Calmness, S^\sjb haddwat. Calmness of
mind, JUI f^f jjb haddwat al hdL
Caloric, «. ij\j^\ ijU mddat id hardrah.
Calumniate, v. >f» taham.
Calumniator, 8. ^b tdhim, ^Uj nam-
mdm, lJ/^ muftarl.
Calumny, calumniation, Ia^ tuhtnat,
^li^ duhtdn, \jii\ iftird.
Cambric, «. i^iJjj^ kamhrlk.
Camel, •. (a he-camel), J.^s^- jamal; (a
she- camel), Ii\} ndhat. A camel*
driver, JUsj- /amwd/. Camel's hair,
CXjii; taftlk. [hukdmiln.
Camelion^ lT^ WiofeA^f, ^^^^^
Cameleopard, «• ^1 ij zurdfa.
Camelot, camlet, uJ^ ^/, ^ll ^Adft^
Camp, #. i/^^' <^^» A royal camp,
j^^« fc/^j^) <>»*^ mii/dAi. To pitch
a camp, ^»«jL khayyam. A trench
(532)
CAS
vmAn,
/9 d"*^
•€Ar,
Caspeitnl lidoDgiag to fidds), «^
Csmphor, jry*<^ htjkr, A emphflnled
go^ k^^^\ fj^j^\ \i\ ma Mir m
mUiah. Can lie ipak? ^j'^^i^
fiSsjialfmUirmiftaMiUmrYaalf
I rejpAid tliii bvucki m a ibir. The uiiwib
Mith OB tidf ndiieet : Cairtioii b the lulf of
d^vernoi ; c— tiBB» tbcrefora» luwinji ae to
cmnne tint bRMh, aad to ne if I en find
tben ay nne that BBj lead to perditMB nd
destrucCioii, ijuCoZJljJf xjJb ^^t «J|^
^\ i^Jy iJuJUU Jl:^ Jc»-1 ^^^
CauaOe, s. jUjl tfi^ ^^U^ JiU
Canal, '• J^^ lrttgh6%j ,^JljL i^Aol^'.
Canary-birdy #. f^*^ lamdriya.
m
Cancel^ «. 15^^ mnih^^ '^ muakh.
Canceller, i^j^Lt^^ eansdUer.
Cancelling, cancellatian, ys^ mahu.
Cancelled, .^^"^ mumhi, C^yi...sf*
tnahkah*
Cancer, 9. (disease), ^IW^i Mrtdm, ^\
akile; (a crab), ^UmLj sal^aULn; (the
celestial sign), ^^%J^ tartan.
Candid, ^^\ ah^^ad; (sincaie), jjU
Candidate, «. c-JlL tdhh^
Candidly, jjjlj &»&m£L
e^
of n
A cmdle
^. The wick
J-=i >« (pL jyci
f«^ A
c^
jJ||B t^fo CUHBQilBBllCks COF
C7=^
LS'Sf
;^1 ttii^lE
Caad J, r. ^^^ Jac ^imm^
To
(fonn into
; (to gnnr
Can^ «. If^ himhMk. A cane «r walk-
ing-ataf^ Lac ^fsd*
Cane, 9. Lai!b <-r^ dW«3 hil^ssd,
Canieole, «• cJLtJ^ «^/^ ^^'^^ tMg^<
«A«^o/ fMRdi^jp^Ul i*lj1 oyydai ul
hdkor.
Canine, «4^ l^^ hMn, Canine honger,
Canine madneas^ C;Ji3\ Mo dM ioA.
Canister, t. UJ (licJ ^ If^ tpo^d mta
toiiaib /tTsid.
Canker, t. ^ oiUM.
Cannibal, #. ^^Ul ^1^ J^ ^,m« sum
ydihf/ 2sA«i ti/ Md«.
Cannon, «• c^jl' ^y r:^*^ wtadju^. A
cannoneer, ijsfr^ iobfl.
Cannot, amx. 9. n$^ive (for oan not), I
cannot, jjJil 1 la akdir.
Canon, «« c^y^ lan^n (pL ^^y
iUt0dfifi>), JjkfiU h&^dat (pL Jhcty
ibiu^d^uQ, To frame canons, w^
^y US\ K^odld^ id JblnAii. A book of
canons, ^j^\^\ <^\^kiMalkawanlln.
Canonical, (JJlS idnHai.
CAP
(638)
CAP
Cant (barbaroQfl language), Ui^ ^htUU;
(auction),. j\u numdd; (hypocrisy)!
J^ mahr, \ij riyd.
Canter, «. j\L^ makkdr, i^U yhdth*
Canticle, «• (hymn), ^f^***^ iaMhyjyy%
nuam^r, JumJ nashld. The Canticles
of Solomon, jlujSl JumJ naahid ul
amih&d*
Canton, «. (tribe), ^,yi h^llai'^ (a
parcel of land), ^uLlL«.
Canton, «. ^tJi k<u84$m,
Canraa (doth), ^jJJus^ jtnfU.
CanyasB (inquiry), ^Ju-^oJu taftuh; (soli-
citation), i^A]c7 taldb, ^
Canvasser, «. ^^aiP^ muta/ahhii.
Cap, <. ij^yij^ tarboah, A Mo(»rish
cap, ^/mJ^ (called by the Spaniards
Albomoz).
Capable, J;Ij kaM,jJi hdUr; (inteUi-
gent), (.J;lc ^dri/» Capable of busi-
ness, j^JJ c-.«»^li0 #dAt^ ^dKi^ir. ^0
be capable, J Ji kider.
Capableness, capability, ^li hdhil%y<U,
SjiXi kudratf jIjucu^I tiU^dOd,
Capacious, ' ^^^^ wdsi^, *f^ fatHh^
Capaciousness, Xftw»^ was^tf Im^ fnhaL
Capacity. See Capableness, Capacious-
ness. The intellectual capacity, iyi\
^jXii\ oH kuwai al mudrikai. A good
capacity, ^If^ muhdrat; (state), ^l>-
hdlat.
Caparison, W£..n£k« • rakhi.
Cape, «. (headland), J»^ \jii\j rdifoM.
Caper, «. (a pickle), jUi ioiidr. To
caper, hj naii,
Capilarity, «. iLi^U fUUMfiyah.
Capital (chief), ^Ju^t Mil; (criminal),
Capital, t. (chief city), A:>LLJlj^J ddr
attalUttktt. A capital stock, JUS\ ^U
rd« al mH. The capital of a pillar,
Jy4ji\ ^\j rds al ^amUd,
Capitation, «. (poll-tax), h^jtuiyat.
Capitulate, v. (surrender on conditions),
L^^yj aLi utUam hi ahitriii. [jthurilL
Capitulation, «. ^j/^u aJumj fM^m ^'
Capon, <• ^^Asr^ *^^*^ ^ mukhah
Caprice, cjL^ iojif, ^^yb hawa\
Capricious, adf, ^^Ls.^ mutalawwin,
L^m[h^ mutakaUib.
m
Capriciousness, $, ^flaS^ ^^ talauncan
attabi^f ^ JaV iakaUuh.
Capricorn (sign of the zodiac), ^y
Captain, «. ^^Uxi kapidn, ^m^jL\ \j^^j
rayii al marhtb, A captain-general,
^ «ifll1,^i.^\ amir ul mard.
Caption, yjiLi kdbi.
Captious, f^JiJ^ mu^tarid, iJji\jjS
katfr ul ghdlahah^ & jU^ kkddi^
Captivate, t.^1 asar, ^^^ mM, He then
looked at her, and said to her, Beeoend, 0 my
mifltrew ; for I am a yiottia of thy lore, and
thine eyes have captivated me. It is on account
of me and thee that this distwrhanoe and these
oonflicts took place, JUjUJt^ ^\ J
Captive, ^«^\ Mfr. She therefore said
to him, 0 thou endowed with comely qoali-
ties, I am the Qneen Joharah, and I nare
fled because Saleh and his troope hare fought
with my fiither, slain his troope, and made
him a captive, tooether with some of hia
troope; so I flea in fear for myself.
jib 9^j^j iriX:i>- \^y ^\ ^ \p\jij
CAB
(634)
CAE
Capture, ij^e. ffh&rat, J^\ 4Mi^ ^
faik^j^Js*^ tuskhir.
Car, 8. SJjC. ^aha.
Carabine, «. ^^\Ji karahlna.
Caravan, fj\^j^ k&rawa% ddi\S haJQah
(pi. Jify ). The chief of a caravan,
Carat, «. L1^ h,rd.U
Caravansera, «• ^Uw i&Aa».
Caraway, «. f[j];^ hirdwiydh.
Carbon, «. j^^t if jU m&dat tdfahm.
Carbonaceous, 4idf, ^4^ fahml,
Carbuncled (set with carbuncles)
Carcass, 9. iLs^ji/at.
Card, jij^ fcarak. A card for cotton,
etc., ^ls^,nuMdj\ [nadaf.
Card, V. (to card cotton), .J^ halty\ uJ jJ
Cardamom, J 1^1 lI-.^ ^3 a/ Ad/.
Carded, uJ^ jc^^ mandnf, ^^^^^ mahluj*
Carder, 9. (of cotton), ^\^ haHdj,
Cardinal, ^1^\ 0911, Jl^J*^ karifn&l.
Care (attention), tX>-jad, ij^i^ hoHrat;
(caution), LL::L».t ihtiyat, jd>»^ hasar;
(anxiety), (^\Ja^\ itfirah; (regard),
J^ mayU, j\s^\ i^ibdr, CuUsSl
tlttfai.
Care, 9. or to be carefUl, f^\ dhtam. To
care for (regard),^^W'^toiar. To have
a care (to be cautious), jja»-t ihtasutr.
Careful (provident), J^L^ ^kU ;
(cautious), <U;:>^ muntah%h\ (full of
anxiety), ^j^lLo^ mudtarih. He is
a carefhl man, (j^^jLa^ (J^>^ or
ij^i^ ha rqffd muhtari9 or Aarl«.
Carefully, U^Us^-l ihUydian.
Carefulness, tU:;.^! Miydtf iLcJU
Careless (negligent), Jilc yhdfii, ^^
9dhl.
Carelessly, JUj^l JG 3tib/ lAmd/.
Carelessness, JUj^\f%md/,^Uj^A4/W.
Careen, # . (to stop leaks), laiii ibi{/Si<.
Career, «. (race-ground), ^^iX-»^ mtf^ilaii
(pi. ^;J43L^ may^n); (full speed),
^/oSj raid. To spur a horse to full
career, ^Li 9dk.
Caress, 9. ^j3^ tamdUuk. Flattering
caresses, CLi^UlolL* mtddtafai.
Caress, «. ^j^iU mallak, i^Jiei Idtaf. Then
the damsek remaiiied with him for the mot
of a whole month, cheering him by tneir
* aocietv, and careesing him, bat ereiy day he
became more iU{ and whenever they bebeU
him in thiB state, they wept Tiolently lor him,
J^lf^ ifjb« ifJCX^^l 4JL?UJ^ ^ J
C^^ ^^J ^^^3 ^-^--J^ji cA
^Jla i^\j U^j <u^ ^Jx U^ J\jjt^
Cargo, «. ^JLij wa9kat.
Carman, «. ^^f i^^r^\^ 9dhih al^aba.
Carmine, _Li! la^.
Carnage, Jsj £a^.
Carnal, (JUwyu^-ytMrndnf , <JLma3 iu^^iii.
Camality,^^Uy tou'Jlafi,^Mitfr^1 l:j\j^\
a9h9hawdt id lahmiydh.
Carnally, iy^L J^G hikol 9hahwai,
Carnation (colour), _^ULc ^loifid^f ;
(flower), (Jijy kurunftd.
Camelian, ^J^^-ifi ^aiHib.
Cameous (fleshy), Jtsr^ tmdhim.
Carnival, 9, ^^ tnarfa^
Carnivorous, ^j^y^^ i^^^^ ahpuhOtk
qj^'atpdrih, [^kkamUh.
Carob, 9, (plant),c^^ kharnih,L^yj:>^
Carousal; «, isL^i diydfai, Ju£ ^d,
CAE
(635)
CAS
Carouse, v. (drink), l^jJ^ tharib, /^c\j
nadama» Her name was The Boee in the
Calyces {at The Unhlown Boee), and the
reason of her heing so named was her excewiye
deliouy of heanty, and her perfect eleeanoe ;
onsinff witQ her,
on acconnt of her accomplished mannerB,
and the King was fond of carousing wiu
Carpenter, s-J^ najjj&r. The trade of
a carpenter, ij\aC nijdrat.
Carpet, l^Uuj hUatf LmSC^ tunfusat, A
carpet on which they prostrate them- .
selves at prayer, xj\is^ aqjifddah* We
want some small carpets, ^MJi}^
tfjJt.p d^ljl^ ^(Systn aqffddat sag-
hlrhah. [id atmdr.
Carpology, 9. j\4ji\ (J..«fi^ Jx ^Im haha
Carriage (of loads), il^A^ humulai;
(condoct), (Jac ^Mmdl. A carriage
(ooacb, cart, etc.), djjC ^aba, %^^y,
^Ujj^^ harosna. Get ready the car-
riage, ^^Ji\ji^ haddir dl karoisa,
A carriage in which women travel on
camels, etc., ^^y^ hawdtfj.
Carrier, «. jUk>- hammdh A letter-
carrier, i^^iLiW J,^U. Mmil ai mdh-
ioh, Js\j ndkU.
Carrion, ^J ld$hai, isus^jifat
Carrot, jJp^ Jastar, [hdon tdjoMr,
Carroty, adf, jj^\ ^^ 9jmJ^ tha^aha
Carry, v, J-in>- hamal ; (to transport),
^JaJ ndkah To carry or behave one-
self, J-««lc ^mal. To carry off or
awaj, ^j rafa^ To carry oneself
carelessly, JiU7 iaghdfdl.
Cart, $, ijjS> ^aha.
Cartilage, $. <— 'j/^ ghadruf. The
cartilage of the nose, i^^^ kasahat.
Cartilaginous, iJ^j^ ghadrHfl.
Cartography, «. CjUt^Is^I a.«ij ^ fivn
roitn id khdrtdt
Carve, v. (in stone, wood, etc.)* (j^
nakash. To carve (meat), ^^ tharrah,
^ai katta^
Carved, ^^c^ tnankiuh.
Carver, «• ^U3 nakkdBh.
Cascade, #. ^^\^ ^J^ J-p- ^ k^j^j^
nahrjdri min jaM ^M wddl^ JlLl
MhdUdl.
Case,f. (box), ^J^JC^^ MmJfiit; (a sheath),
uJlU ghUdf. A needle-case, i^^^
mi^^a^. A case (state of any matter),
Jl»- ^/, j^\ amr. The truth of
the case, JUli JUg^to- haklhU (dhdl.
Suppose the case, \jji faradan. The
statement of a case in writing, ijya
Jl^l iUrat dl hdl, ,«as:^ mahdar.
And if the case he ao, we will eanip thee, and
will ionmey with thee to thy nome and thy
Mends, that we may have the honour to be
with thy relatives and companions, ^\i
Casement, «. ^/^ cJu^ shubhdk
iha^igeh.
Cash, i^ij nakd (pi. J^ nuifii).
Cask, «. (barrel), (J;*^ harmil. A cask
of wine, JuJ ^Is^ khdhiyat nabld.
Casket, «. ^LLc ^t^0^, <U.^ kas^at.
Cassia, (lig.), ^licjLi sallkhah ; (fistula),
jfiJ^jLs-^ khiydr shanhar.
Cast, V. ^^j rama\ ^Jo tarah. To
cast (condemn), Jle»^ hdkam. To cast
up, ^. outfit. ha9iah\ (to vomit), 9^/^
istafragh. To cast away, -Jb tarah;
(to be wrecked), ^JjC ghirik. T"
cast the eyes towards, Joj noM/r.
CAT
(536)
CAV
cast (model)i jya saunaar* To oast
the balance^ f^J rajjdh.
Cast, «• ^j rami. A cast or mould,
Li^li hdlib. A cast-away (infidel),
j5^ k&fir, Jj«X^ makhgnh
Castigate, p. (punisb), l-^U ^hah'y
(to correct), c^31 addah,
Castigation(cha8la8ement),<UyLe ^huhaty
c^'Ue ^ikdh'y (emendation),-.)L0lM/£A.
Castle, 9. ijJj kal^t. The bastion of
a castle, ^Uclill ^^ hury al kal^t, A
strong or impregnable castle, ^j-a^
^^ji^a^ hunm hMln. A moat round
a castle, o^^ matnu,
Castor-oil,«. 9jj^^ \j:^jwntullhwrwa^.
Castrate, v. y^a:>' hhastf.
Castrated, ^^^ass^ mukhfU.
Castration, l.d£^\ ikhtQ.
Casual, JU;t ittifahl.
Casually, \i\ij\ itiifdkan.
Casualness, i^fj^ ^^ ^fi^^ ^ridiyat.
Casualty, «• (j\ij\ ititfdk.
Cat, f. ]aj kitt; (a she-cat), ^ Intta.
This cat has large claws, ^ laiSnijJb
gj^ j^^\ hamO, al hUt laho OMdflr
Idblrdh.
Catalogue, f . i^j^ fahrisaL
Cataplasm, s, JLac^l labkha,
Catapulta, «. J^j^xs^Ut man^'anlk.
Cataract, «• J^ m^Z (pi. J^«<^ wyilZ),
Catarrh, aI^ sujtdm, Jji nut/.
Catastrophe, «. lb hala, ^Lm^^ iTUMfiaA
(pi. L^*JLx« fnasdffib).
Catch, V. clCii^ ffiM^Jfc. To catch (to
be contagious), (^*Xe ^ada\
Catch, «. (seizure), CXma^ ma»k; (trick),
^^gJj taXbUfji^ji tot^fr; (contagion),
b^ tt'oid. A catch (hook), ^li kaOdle.
Catcher, i, ^^U J^iuZ.
Catechism, «. ^^j^U^i!! |»Jju ^o^ftm «/
Catechize, if. i^ljcSf J^ ^o/Zmm atia^lim.
Categorical, ^Ll «Ad/t. A categorical
answer, ^J^ ^-'^y^ yaird& lAo/t,
^Jtfli i-r'Usf- jawdh kdti^.
Catenarian, J^mLmCL^ mutoiolsil.
Catenate, r. j}^ jaruutr.
Catenation, J^uJuaJ toioltul, <^i.Im.\ ..i mZ-
«t7a^ ; (regular connexion), ijlc ^o/a-
^/, ^UmsI:^ mundiihat, [muMhhU.
Cathartic (a cathartic medicine), iJfM/*
Catholic (universal), i^y^^ ^umftml.
A Boman Catholic, ^JJy^ katolikl.
Catholicon, «. (universal remedy), ^\&
mm
Cattle (of the larger kind), {^ys^ A«y*
wdn (pi. (i^Ul^;»»- haywdndt)f y<^^y
mawdihi.
Cavalcade, a. ^m^y mawkah.
Cavalier, «. (horseman), JL^ kkayydly
(jMjU fdr%9* [.jT^^^ muiakahbir.
Cavalier(brave),J^L^mtf^drMf;(haughty),
Cavalierly,^^!^ JG hikol takabhur.
Cavalry, J^ khayL The enemy's
cavalry attacked us, jJmII ^Lc>-
U^4»acvSt khiydlat al^U %k(aham^nd.
Cave (cavern), ij\JL^ maghdrai. Then I
looked within the care, and beheld a hiig«
serpent, sleeping at the upper end of it oyer
its eggs, J;UJ1 Jfl^-b ^ Ci^iJl jj
Caviare (salted eggs of sturgeon or other
fish), jU^ khuhydr*
Cavil, #. (frivolous objection), (jo|/^1
)b ^itirddhild ma^\
CATJ
(637)
CEL
il, f^. ^^>«^*i J^jr^^ t^rad bm
ight, part, of Catcb, {I^^ma^ maffuak.
il, 9. (small net), iJLii ahabakat.
iliflower, s. )i2^y kamoMi.
ilk» V. (a ship), kilS ialfat
Ti3al, j^^li y&^i'lf H-^^* wtyVJ.
*U8e, «. c, v««i «a5a( (pi. c^U^aI ash&h),
vi^^U &cI^m; (a lawsuit), t^^^
(itf^f^a' or \^f iful\j^ murdfa^at.
The cause and effect, Cyij J^^^. The
particular cause, ^U^ i».'»fi M^ai
IM9, The legal cause, i5'^;--» c-^^^
mii/ii <^ar^I. The evident cause,
Jblb v_ - -* The material cause,
^jtt Ha ^t72a^ maddiyat To carry
on a cause at law, ^\j rdfa^. With-
out cause, s„,^^^y%i) htld mUjib, Why
do you laugh without cause? IjU!
c^w L ijjisr^ lima%a tadhak htld
• • •
9abdb. Cause (pretext), Ha ^illat,
jLu ta^alM.
Cause, 9. ,J.4X ^ama/, c.,,>^.»..< «aMa5. To
cause sorrow, J1 o/^tim, ^i gham,
^j^\ ahssan. I have caused this to
be an admonitioii from me unto him, and
a (^aige which I give him in eonfidence,
* 4j J>1 _:^ 4X}U1^ . For he will cause
thy oonntry to beicome a desert in which the
raTen shaU croak. Thus I have delivered to
thee the message ; and peace be on thee !
fAJ\^ i\LJ\ C^ Jil3\ U^
Caused, J^*fc« maf^ul. [mUjib.
Causeless, causelessly,
Causeway, Jj^ iarik.
Caustic, Jjas^ mukrik.
^r^
h htld
Causticity, ^UijU- hdrkiyaL
Cauterization, t. ^\ ^f kawi aOahm.
Cauterise, v. c// kawa*.
Cauterized, c/^^ mukawwa*.
Cautery, «. (or the mark mada by it),
^ kay. Cauterizing instruments,
i\^ mikwdf.
Caution (prudence), WLi>.< \ht%ydt,j^dj
tadblr, jS>^ hasutr ; (security), iJU^
kafdlai, JJ^ kafil ; (warning), i$^
noAhaU
MM
Caution, v. ,^ nasahfjS^- hauar.
Cautioner, %• ^j^^ damln.
Cautious, Mr"— 1 (^...^^U idhib ihiiydt,
jis^s^ muhtatir, )aLp^ mutayakkk.
To be cautious, laLj tayakkaz, ^/^;S^f
ihtaroi.
Cautiously, tUa^-l Jij *<M t^^iya^
Cease, v. (leave off), ^^Jl:^ A^oto, CJjj
iarak, ijfwragh. When they plunged
into the sea, they ceased not in their course
until they arriyed at the palace of Saleh,
where they entered; and his grandmother,
the mother of his mother, saw him, as
she sat, surrounded by her nearest relatiTes,
l^jUl Ujcxj iJuili ^j i^\ f^ ^^
Ceaseless (perpetual), J\ii ddyim.
Ceaselessly, 'adv. ^UaAJl ^ ^ min
ghayr inkitd^
Cecity, «. U^ ^amd.
Cede, v.a. JL saUama, \lSf taraka.
Cedar, •. (tree), Jj^ wrM^a^.
Ceiling, t^Ji^ iakf, ^1^ tou^d».
Celebrate, v. ^J^ moeltfA. To celebrate
a festival, Ju& ^d^yiM^*
Celebrated, j^fMU maikhur, ^^J^^ w'^
CEN
(638)
CEB
Celebration (solemn performance or re-
membrance), t^j^ Juf .^{i «Wi/';
(praise), -.x« madh, Jw^^^ hamd; (ceLe-
brity), jlfJil iehtih&r, X^kc ^asMmat
Celebrity, «.jlfJal tsMthdr, ij^ shihrat
Celerity, isj^ sur^t, Hjb^ ^alaU
Celery, a, {j^^ harafi.
Celestial, ^jr^U^^i Mmdwl, l5^ fidaM.
The celestial inhabitants, UyJf Jjbl
a^ assamd.
Celibacy, ^j|j£ ^nu^tya^.
Cell, «• X[^\j %amyatf hc^ya aauma^t.
Cement (glue), Lc ffhard ; (for building),
^j^ tin; (union), oU^i Mihad,
Cement, v. (unite), J^^ u^^m/, a^
Cemetery, 2N;^ ma^ara.
Cenotaph, 9,M^ ma%dr.
Cense, «. ^rlr^ htardj.
Censer, «. (for incense), iJi\^ mthkharat.
Censorions. ^Uj >»».«4m. '
• Censoriousness, f^ maldm^
Censurable, *^J zamlm (fem. X^.-*^
ttimfma^). [latffm.
Censure, L^^^^t^ ta^ib, ^^ ta^n, ^^
Censure, v. f^^ wahhakh, /• J tamm, ^^^
Censured, (^y'^^ masmUm,
Censurer, 9. ^y muwahUhh.
Census, ij**^\ jIjuw tacddd annufua.
Cent, XjU may at. Per cent. ^Ulb 5t7
Centipede, «• (poisonous insect), i!«i^^ fS
^^jajUjU «mm arha^at wa arhi^n.
Centre, *• j^j-^ markaZf L^ woMt, The
centre of a circle, iji\j^\j^j^
dlddyrat.
Central, centrally, centric, )a»aji^ muUi-
wamtf i^j^j^ tnarkati.
Centrality, ». ^j^j^ marhuiytd.
Centralization, ^^j^f marikM.
Centry or Sentry, jiJi\ aighafar.
Centuple, uJU-^l h\^ mdyat ad^.
Century, «• ^ J dakry J-s»- jd^ ^^
ham, hm^ lA^ mdyat sanah.
Cephalic (curing a head-ache), i^^A^
qUjJI mukatvtoi al dirndgh.
Cere-cloth,
mushammat
Ceremony, fc»0;lC7 taldlf. B>eligious
ceremonies, ^Jm^sS1\ ^/m^ taki al kani-
sat, <Ly^Cl \ CX*aL^ mandsik alhanUai.
Ceremonial, ^U:;»-f ihiifall.
Ceremonious, CIjUKj ^^..-^^-L^ 9ak%b
takattu/dt.
Ceremoniously, JU:i»>l ^J^ hiholihtiJaL
Certain, ^Jas^ muhakkak, (^^^^^ ma^'Stm,
^ ^Ih. ^\y fviiih. A certain
person, ^li faldn. Certain intelli-
gence, ,^^j^ khahar sahih. It is
certain that • • • . AiV^^v^ sahth
tnnahu. For certain, Jm»A£^1 ^J.^ ^ala^
aitahlAlif \LSa^ toM^hm.
Certainly, ^^--iJi ,Jx ^M al yoMn,
dClS Idthah, ^Iap- hakkan, lis^j Jx
^JjaA^UI ^a^' wajh altahklk.
Certainty, ^^m yaJnn, Jx ^%lm, fj>-
hak, &£^ sahhat.
Certificate, «. if jlfSi shahddat.
Certify, r. «XfM) ehehsd (yul.).
Certified, j;!^^ muhakkak. To be cer-
tified, jjAj takarrar. [Certainty.
Certitude, ^jiA^^ Aa ^pm alyaH^n. See
Cerulean, ,^^\a^ ^jj\ axrak samdwi.
CHA
(539)
CHA
Cenue, ^ljuL«l iifliaj. {mahiiii.
CesB (cessment), ^\/>- thardjy J^.ds4
Cessation, <^ju J tMffoIckuf, lif* mahiai,
Cession, aJuJ toilim, ^yJ ^t^J.
Chafe, V. (warm), ^J i!0^', i<*>-
Chaff, ^ tiht. Ihamnu^.
Chafibr, v. j\j\j J^^c ^amal hdtar.
Chafing dish, Jii^ manJM,
Chagrin, ^^^ hum, mc gham.
Chagrin, v. ^J^ hauan, ^ ufham*
Chain, «. ^;far^ tanjir, <U.m>Lj sthikU
(pi. J^'Lj taldstl).
Chain, v.jj.:^janiar,jafrj tanjar.
Chained, jfjx^ mujansar. To be chained
jy^ tajan%ar.
Chair, t. ^j^ ife«r*f . Bring a chair,
Chairman, 8. ^^Jus^l ^^jrayualfnaflU,
Chaise, «• hjS. ^aha.
Chalk, ^^a^Lj iahdihir, j\^ hauno&r.
Chalky, i^jJ^\^ iabOshliri.
Challenge, v. (to fight a general battle),
c^jl^ Mr4i^,jj\i hdraza. And thon
challengest by thy rebellion Him who grasps
thy forelock ; and thon offendest by thy Ticions
conduct Him who knows thy most secret
thought, uX3L« d^ "*.j-gjt^ JjW'^
Challenge, «• ijcd daw^, i)j\^ ^^
hdroMh, {hdri%.
Challenger, «. ^J^ mtM^^i jjL^ mif-
Chamber, ^^t atidld. The chamber of
jostice, A^ils:^ mahkamaL The trea-
sary chamber, Xj^ khatnat. The
chamber of the archives, ^Ul^j
dafiar khdne. [c^Ls^ At^'dd).
Chamberlain, «• k-i-^l^- M;t3 (pi.
Chamelion, «. fi^^^" hwrhdyahy ^^y^^
hnkaUnUn,
Chamomile^ ff^V ^^^^'«
Champ, 9. ^^ ^a(M, (^l^JLfi ^a^iE;.
Champaign (open flat country), \
9ahrd, An extensive champaign, Jf«)
^M)1j tahl wdai^ [hdri%.
Champion, s. ^Us^ ihufd^ JJ^ ^^
Chance (fortune), vjuo^ haM, Cy>.j>rt;
fUMift ; (accident), jUjI ittifdk, (jOj\c
^rid; (possibility), ^lC«i tmi^ii,
JUi>\ ihtimdl. By chance, UUJl
Chance, r. ^Jj^jttra', c^rV'v- A<mIm«
Chancellor, $, j^m^ hansilyer, v»^l^
^^i&. [LjImIi^ kansldriat
Chancery, «. (chief court of justice),
Chandelier, $. ^f Jut^ aham^addn.
Chandler, s. cUJ» ahamtnd^.
Change, t, j^m taghfir, JjJ laiaL
Change of constitution, ^^y^\ J^bf^-l
ikhUldl al mitdj, A change (succes-
sion), iji:>^ hhUdfaL
Change, p. JjJ hadal, j^ ghayyar\
(to be changed), jJu taghayyar. To
JlJ tdbadddl. To
change appearance, ^^ *^^ji^ ^
ghayyarat a&ratahu. To change one's
mind, ajLij^ ghayyar fikrahun
Changeable, jjMic! I JjU kdhd attaghylr ;
(inconstant), cz^lJ idU mdlahu BobdL
Changeableness, d^L^t /•Jlc ^a^^om of-
Changed,^^;MC^ mutaghayyir.
Changer, $, (of money), c^t^ tarrdf.
Channel, «. Jlf^^ tarik ; (of a river, etc.)i
f^j^ fMJra^ \ (a frith or strait of the
sea), jU^ to^Ads.
CHI
(540)
GHA
Chant, V. li. ghama\ See To nng.
ChaoB, 'iyJb hiyuld.
Chap, s. (fissare), ^jJL thakk. A chap-
man (purchaser), s^^p>***^ musMarl.
V
Chap, V. (jJ^ shakk.
ChapB (flsBures), j^ shuknk; Qblwb,
mouth), J^ hoik. [(^H*^ ma^had.
Chapel, «. (plaoeof worBhip),Ljl^^4p0/^,
Chaplet, $. (a rosary), 4^U^ tMBhaha.
Chapman, «. \^j^^**^ fnwMa/ri.
Chapt (chapped), J^Am^^^ maMeuk^ tjj^
maflak.
Chapter, «. u^U ^^'^ (P^* S-^'V^ abwdh),
ChanwJter (mark), uJ^ harf, k^ ^^^,
ij\j^\ Uhdrai, iioAj nuktat ; (quality),
u,A#j t^a«/; (reputation), ^^ shuhrai,
J;ft««^»^j. A public character or
office, ^,^*tf:>^ maruab (pi. ^^^.^L^
mand«i&).
Characterize, i;. (describe), ci^^j trMo/l
Characteristic, ,<a«0^ «7<M/t. Such are
the cbaracterifltics of the world : confide not,
therefore, in it, nor incUne to it ; for it will
betray him who dependeth upon it, and who
in his affidrs relieth upon it, CLp\suai(i^
Characteristically, adv. ^^Ij 9«:j itfiaM^tn
Charcoal, mS^ /ohm.
Charge (custody), JLlaiUB^ muhdfistat,
i^\j>' hirdsat; (mandate), j^\ amr
(pi. y^\j\ awdmir) ; (office), \^^irt*^
fnamah; (agency), iJl^ tra^/a^; (ac«
Cttsation), ^l^ ihakdyat; (expense),
^j^ kharjf (an attack), Ays^hi^'Um.
Chiffge, V. (commission), J^^ toakkal;
■9 a task or burden), fj^
/4^ :^^^«
kammal ; (to oommand), a^ Mtam ;
(to attack), ajs^ hajam.
Chargeable (costly), ^U ghdU.
Chariot, «• <0^ ^aha^ <LLe^ ^<;^02a^.
Charity (tenderness), Jus;:^ mwAMat;
(alms), 2ju0 Bodakat,
Charitable (liberal to the poor), 4,,-%<^
UAi!\ j9»«Aii( alfakard.
Charitableness, £j^ iodakat.
Charitably, ils^ J^ ^Oo/ muhtMai,
Charles's- wain, ' ^Ji*jci\ (^1:j h^mdt m-
Charm, «. (amulet), JjU>. kamdyil;
(enchantment), jsr* nhr ; (allure-
ment), UgJd^jaah,
Charm, t^. (bewitch), j^^ Mkar; (to
please highly), LmJ hatat, la»- Aos.
Charmed, J JiyAM^ masriir.
Charmer, <• (enchanter), ^^Ls «dAtr;
(a beloved object), <>■ >j>ifr^ m«Ate3.
Charmingly (delightftdly), la^- JL
-.|^lj hikol ham wd imhirdh.
Charnel-house, y^ kalr.
Chart, 8. i^y^ khdrta. See Map.
Charter, «. Jo^ tanady c^^ Isf^ i^Aii^
Chartered, J^U^ mwidu^a/.
Chase, «. (hunting), Ju«0 Myii^.
Chase, v, ^x^ twayyad.
Chased (put to flight), /^jf^^ mtmAastn.
Chaste, v— a^ ^^If* A chaste woman,
Chastely, Sx, Ji» bikol ^ffiU.
Chasten {or chastize), v. l^U ^Mb.
Chastity, chasteness, 4if ^fitt*
Chastized, v.^U»« mu^kah,
Chastizementy c^U^ ^kdh^ c^«^
ta^iby imjt\^ ^cmdh.
Chat (or chit-chat), JJj Jli £d/ tew ibf/.
CHE
(541)
OHI
Chattel, 9. J^ JU mdi mankal
Chatterer, s. J^ mwwdl, (•H^ yi\ aha
Cheap, ij^^j raikU. [iatom-
Cheapen, v. a, i%jL» sdwam^ ij^^j rMi-
UoM, ^\ Jp noBtal tubman.
Cheapen, r.«. ^j^^j rakhiim
Cheaply, u^^j ij^ hitaman rMu.
Cheapnees, ^j^^j r^Ms*
Cheat, s. (fraud), iL^ Mlat, sJ hxyd.
A cheat or cheater, j\j^ ghadddr,
i^MuS' ghUhihash.
Cheat, V. a. jS& ghadar, jjix ghash.
Cheated, ^jiyt^U fnaghthiuh.
Check, «. (repreBB), la^-p <Wa<, ^i/t
mana^^j tajar.
Check, «. ^U mSnt^, Ju^ m<I.
Checked (curbed), ^y-«^ mamnil^\ (re-
prehended), v-*^U/t ww^flteJ.
Checkmate (at chess), LzS^i^^ shdhmdL
Cheek, ». J^^ khadd. The two cheeks.
Cheer, i^.a. i/Jl tfwiiw. And the master
ot the houae gave bim penniorion to seat him-
self, and he sat. And the master caused him
to draw near unto him, and now began to
cheer him with conversation and to welcome
him. ^\i J^\ s-^U ^ u,^^
J^M^\y j\u,y * aJ^ <U/ •i^j * w^
Cheer (gaiety), 5^4u/« ma9arrat,
Jcoif, LaJ Jcaiflah. Three cheers,
CJ^\ Jit^^i^ ^y^^ X^j^' To be
of good cheer, CliS c-^lt ^« *ff»fln,
\LcJi harra ^ynan.
Cheerftil, jji^Au^ fnasmrj \oy»*i^ mahsHtf
^\^ji farhdnf ^ft^ muhtahij. Be
happy and cheerful, for I will not oeate my
endeayours until I procure thee an intenriew
with her, and obtam for thee acoeas to her,
\^\ cil-y^ W^ *l^ -^V -^
Cheerfully, j^j>a Ji^ Mol aurHr.
Cheerfu!iBeB^jjj^iurikr,)ff\MuJ\ mUi&t,
-lfj\ ihtihaj, ^jS farah, ^^ i»w-
frihyjm^ mwir, ^At^ mubhij.
Cheese, ^j^ jubun.
Cheesemonger, «• ^V^ jahhdn.
Chemistry, L^-^^ J^ t*^»» alklmta^ As'
tarklh fd qfatdm, [^5*rl^r^ ^fi'
Chemist, 9. La-? Jjc* mu^tm JOmldy
Chemical (belonging to chemistry),
^^L*-? Jtimlawi, c/^r^ l^miawl.
Cheque, «. Ji^ tahwil, ^ ijj
uJCJ^ toarahat ^aUi tmarrdf.
Cherish, v. (protect), ,^^ *«ma' ; (to
caress), j;L« maUak.
Cherishment, ^U>- himdyai.
Cherry, «• jj^ ifetfrfli.
Chersonese, «. ffjjpr j^'irah.
Cherub, cherubim, the cherub angels,
^^J^\ ^lUll almaldykaialkdrilblm.
Chess, ^^>ia-^ »a^«n;'» -^J^ 9hatranf.
Chest, «. J^*Xi-tf Mfirfil*.
Chestnut, t . <<'.•; mX ib«/aiui.
Chew, V. ^^ madagh, u^U ^oM.
Chicane, chicanery, <Uu>> Ai2a^, aLmJU)
^Ufi^ 9af9atah 9har^yah,
Chick Of Chicken, t. ^^^ /tfrril; (pi.
Chicory, 9. \iX>Jb oy fww^ AwiitJdA.
Chide, V, (reprove), ^j wabbakh, t-^U
Chief, aIl« m«ibM2(foi», ^t M/f. The
chief part (of anything), J-p1 «/•
Chiefly, ^UU ghalOan, '"U^-^sr;. *Aw-
Child, ». jJj troW (pi. Ji^\ awldi). A
sucking-child, ^a^j (J^ ^ifi radic.
CHO
(542)
CIH
Childhood, i^yib tufitUffoi, L^ 9aba,
ChUdkh, Ji9\j haul. Ghildishness, Jf>.
jM.
ChiU, chilly, Jjb hdrid.
Chill, chillness, chilliness, Xii^j) hurUdat.
Chimera, #. ^^ wahm, JtU JLfli-
kktydl hatil.
Chimerical, ^^^^ wahmi, Jtlj Idtik
Chimney, s. Lsi^j^ madkhanaU
Chin, 9, (of a man), ^ j dakun ; (of a
woman), ^m^at ^wi^a^.
China (empire), ^^1 JKU^ mamlakat
(uAn ; (porcelain), ^^^i-^ tf m .
Chine, «.^^lj^ ifc^ofios osso^.
Chink, «» j;^ «Ati;&.
Chintz, u:..-^ <?A« (pi. c^L^!).
Chip, t?. 4^j5farttm,
Chirography, ILsL ib^^ yadd.
Chiromancy (fortune-telling by inspect-
ing the hand), Juil jJlc ^(Oyad, Ac
u-ftfll ^ilm id kaff. Ikhudrah.
Chlorine, *. ij^\ jjj^ muwaUid id
Choice, «. c->LkH fWfiWfii.
Choiceness, i.jy /«(/; J^/adl.
Choke, r. (suffocate), j;x2L ^^hmj^ ; (to
obstruct), Juj «ik^. [ghadab.
Choler (bile), ]^ *«^,- (anger), ^_ -rrf
Cholera and cholera morbufl,^Jl ly^iLs
c»727^ A^itc'a lasfar.
Choleric (irascible), i^yds^ ghadU.
Choose, v,j\:^\ ikht&r, lirl a^AiifeAw,
c--^a^l tntakhab, ^ nakka\
Chooser, *. L-...flCU^ muntakhtb.
Chop, p. jja5 ^a^a^; (to change), Jjj
hadal, Jjj ^iM^d^.
Chopping-knife, #. j^L BdtUr,
Chorography (description of countries),
jLII kiaar iakhtit al hildd.
Chorus of singers^ {j**^j^ chanu.
Chosen, v-^.ogu^ muntakkab. See Select.
Chrestomathy, t. cz.
me^ muntakhahdt.
Chrism, «. ^^;:f<«il u:-^J teii ul nmyriku.
Chrismal, adf. iS^^ mayrHnl. [rfin.
Chrismation, yjyji^\i ^*^ nuMMmay-
Christ, ,^w*!l o/ fMilh.
Christen, v, tXAx. ^mrnad. See Baptize.
Christendom,£^.^Uu^lC^UJ1 ahnamd'
lik alnuufihiyat. [natrdia.
Christian, ». .acu*^ mtuUhl^ \S)f^
Christianity, j^ysXyyyJt ^ Jl addin al
nuulhi.
Christmas, fc>)L^I juc ^ al mllad.
Chronicle, ^Jo tdrlkh (pi. ^j\y: ta-
wdrlkh).
Chronicler, *. ^jy muwarrikh.
Chronological (belonging to chronology),
il; tdrikhl.
Chronologically (in chronological order),
tdrikh assinln.
Chronologist, *. ^J^ muwarrikh.
Chronology, ^1^1 ^ ^aUuioarikk.
Chrysolite, *. J^^J taharjad.
Churc*, *. iu^ kanUat (pi, yj,2^
Church-man, *. la^l^ wd^iz, Sr^b '•«^«*.
Church-yard, «. S^Ji^ makba/raL
ChurKsh, ^^:^^ iraA#A, ^J tart.
Chyle, (jw^ jfcf /«#«.
Chylification, *. iu«tH ,^ rT|f .
Chyme, «. ^^^ ifcimo*.
Cicatrice, cicatrix, ^b itey;(. [y^;|^
Cicatrization, ,. ^^\ ^ ^^^ ^
Cider, s. ^Usll'U rmmttufftih.
Cimeter, ,. ..J^ ,^, ^^ j^,^^
CIE
(543)
CIV
Cinctare (bblt, sash, girdle, etc.), iSiai^t
fnarUakat, j\jj %unn&r.
dnder, «. JL§j ramdd^
Cinnabar, ^y^j tanjifrah.
Cinnamon, 4i^ kirfah^ ^j>^^J{\> ddrtHnl.
Cipher, $. (in arithmetio), ^a.^ 9ifir\ (an
oocult manner of writing), J^ ram%
Circle, «. i^l J ddyrai. Tlie centre of a
circle, ^fjJIjJ^ marhan odddpraL
A mathematical circle, ^JcUm^ jjLl
ihail mtutadlr*
Circled, j^Jl« fnudawwar,
Circoit, B. i^J ddyrat. A drcle of
country, ^J^^ hawdh.
Ciicalar,j^J^ mudaumxurf ji^Su^t^ mtM-
tailr. A circular line, ^^J^ LsL ^^i^^
Mtft^dtfftrar. [«^i/ dwdri.
Circularity, a circular form, lJj]^^^ (J^
Circulate, v, j^J daunpor.
Circulation, jj J; (of the blood), ^\lj^
ioraydn, ^j^*^ daicardn. [dawwar.
Circumambient, la*^'^ muhU, jj J^ fnt-
Circumciae, v. ^j:^ khatan.
Circumcised, ^
makhiUn, To be
circumcised, ^J:::^\ ikhtatan.
Circumcision, ij\:S^ hhitdnat.
Circumference, iyl J ddyrat.
Circumflex, «. JjJc4b^ iJL^ya sawt mamdud.
Circumfluent, la-^*^ muhlt.
Circumfuse, v,jjSitSJ\ intashar, [wardn.
Circumgyration, cJjt tawf, ^j^*i dch
Circumjacent, J-^L* muttanl, c-^^
kmh, la*sr* muhU.
Circumlocution, ijLe. ^rai.
Circumscribe, jl>. haddad. Itabih.
Circumspect,^ j^ mudabhir, La:^ mun-
Circumspection, tLip-\ ihtiffdt, ^Jj
M6ir, jLo\ intaah.
Ciroumspectly, i\fj\ JL hikel intibdh.
Circumstance, (LLS hayflat^ ^^2^^^
hakikat\ (something relative or de-
pendent), fjijc^ muta^allik; (condi-
tion), IfyJL ahartf ^U^ nuikdm.
Circumstantial (accidental), ^UJl ittt-
fdkl, ^j^ idridi.
Circumstantially (exactly), JSj J^ bikol
dikkat; (accidentaUy), ^\j^Ju\ ittifdhan ;
(fully), jLoft^ mufasidlan.
Circumvallate, v*jA>- hdtar.
CircumvaUation, i^Ur^ muhdsaraL
Circumyention, jJla ghadr, <UjJu£>-
khadl^aL
Circumyenter, «. Jls^:^ muhtdL
Circus, s. (an open area for sports),
^\rXi^ mlddn. Cff^ Mhrij.
Cistern, «. ^jo^ hawd, S^j) hurkaif
Citadel, ». dUi kal^, ^^.asp- huM.
Citation (summons), v_-^V' takh.
Cite, V. ^^-JflcH iatahdar, J J wakura.
Citizen, jjj ^t ibn halad.
Citrate, 8. ^j^^ ^^ mi7A JoffmUHl.
Citric acid, «. ci^ ^^^U- ^mt(^
hymUnl,
City, «. ij»V« madlmi (pi. ^^iV* mudun).
Ciyet, oU j ai^53, CXm^ misit.
Civic, <k^*. fc^jJu haladl, J Jl^ mudanU
. Civil, polite, civilized, ^iQ > ^_^.^\^
«aAti <ii/fl^, c^jI (,,.^^9-U «dA>3 acib3.
Civil 0r political affidrs, <LI^jJt i^l
umUr addawlat. Civil service, cuU J^
<uJi!l^ fJUi JLl^jJt. .Civil wars,
^ulfwljcjr^/^. AfHl5 ddkhUiyah.
Civility, Cl$^ mlikk, c^jl oda^, t^jU
Civilize, v. c-»jI addab, ^j rabba\
CLE
(544)
CLE
Civilized, ^-'Jy* mmuUahj ^,j^ mu-
Civmj, i^M Jij HJM uaf.
Claim, «. (^^cJ da^d^ Ujcat isiid^df
\^J\ id^a, J^ hak, jUssLf ittikiak.
Claim, «. L.Ji^ idldb.
m
Claimable, c^JlUI jL[!I Idytk aUalah.
Claimant, claimer, «. ^c^X« mudda^,
Clamonr,^ ^U.^ «fyd^ i^^ uyhtd.
Clamour, r. ^U »dh»
Clan, «. JLJ ib^fi^ (pi. JjLj loidytT).
Clandestine, ^v*^ Ithafl, ^J^^ muih/i^
jf,Mt^ fMutur, ^f^ tnaki^m.
Clandestinely, \j^9irran. Clandestinely
and openly, ^^^ U^ wrran wa
^aldnijfatan.
Clang, ckngonr (of a trumpet, etc.),
ja^ «!/tr, jj^ tanin.
Clank (of chains, etc.)> <?:*U.;W ^^ono^.
Clap, «. (of thunder, etc.), *>aj ra^d.
Clarification, LLsj tasfyat.
Clarified, adf, ^J^a^ musafft^.
Clarify, V. ^^ mga\
Clarion, t, j^ huk.
Clash, V. (dash against), |» jLa7 ^(udi^,
(^^,0^ ta^rrad, .
Clash, clashing (dashing), s. ^ jLJ <fl#d-
<^m; (opposition), idlar* mukhalafat.
Class, #. j»-uJ ^im, cy f«i«^^, XaJ,
tabahat. Class-book, 8. ^juji^ t-^t:^
Wfi3 dan. [mu^tabar.
Ckssical author, *.^,-aii^ cJ^ muwalU/
Clatter, **5y karka^.
Clause, «. t^ «^ir<, jjj fo»<f, ^r^Lc
^fli^imA, 2pjU maddah, }i/^fahri$h.
Claw, «. t-;lL^ mukmh.
Clay, ^^ «„. [^ ,^j
Clean, cleanly, y>lt eaAir, uiiaj nasi/,
Cleanliness^ ^Ua} nosd/ii^, i^U; nald-
icat, ij\^ tahdrai.
Clear (transparent), i^LLl ^kafif;
(bright, light, shining), j^^ wnaOr,
^i JOmi^f yj^. A dear sky,
^^^\^\^Jutwd»ahl\ (eyident), ^«^
Mn^ffi, ^)j fi9dift%. A dear proof,
i.sf^\^i^ k^'fft wddikai; (unmixed),
2rjLj tada; (safe from danger), JL
*a/wi;(bright),jj|i^ mimimr; (cTident;,
Clear, entirely, a<{p. )U^ UUJ tond-
ffum tra kamdlan.
Clear, r. (absolve), ^-ic itrfi^ ; (to
justify),^ harrar; (to cleanse), ^-i-^
«a^. To dear (gain), (^^a«? ibiw^.
Clearly, |^\fe sfiAtWn, ^>^ «ariA«.
Clearness, ^^j rattmak, \^ diyd ; (dis*
tinctness), jU:l«1 imtiydz, {Jatin,
Clear-sighted, adf, ^^ fahim ^j^
Cleavable, adj. cJ^ yamkak, JjU
jU/tJlt kdhtl id ifuhtkdk.
Cleaye, r. (split), ^ shak, Jii faUk.
Cleaver, s. (chopping-knife),jfjLLs#a^icr.
Cleft, Jj]i^ nMflUk, J^a^£^ maahk^.
Cleft, s. ^ shak, jli /«/A.
Clemency, ^U^ raAmo/, ^4^^^ mot-
Aama^, ^^iLl «Aa/b^^, SLi\j raafai,
Clement, ^»Jl»- A^r/im, (J^^ ihaftL
Gemently, adv, |4i£>y«j himarkamatin,
^Aiwwj hiihafakatin, ^\j) hiraafaUn^
Clergy, ». (jwj^-Kl akllrUi.
Clergyman, «. ^\^ AdAtn, ^^^^..^ AoisU.
Cleric, clerical, adf. t^j^\ akliri.
Clerk, •. wJl^ Afi^i*, ^^jU yds^X
Clever, ^U «Aa<fr,yfcU mSMr, JjW
AdsiX;, ^j jM^, Jjc^ tm^Uim.
CIO
(545)
CLTJ
Cleyerly, if^lkSi J^ Mlol 9hat&rat.
CleverneBS, if «Ua^ ihaidrat, ij\A^ JuayB.-
kaif ifjl^J fUiidwah.
Client, $. ^(if i/^"^^ miihml conh. Client-
ship, 8, 5t«ls^ muh&mdh,
CUff, 8. ijS^ 8akhrat (pi. j^ir^ 8tMilr).
Cliffy, adf. ijji^ 8akhrf.
Climate, clime, «. ^L^ mandJth,
Climb, V, iXJua 8a^ad, To climb a wall,
Clinch, f?. (thefist),2r Jj j;^? tabdkyaidaho.
Clinical (confined to bed), lJUjii\i ^jo^j^
fnarid hilfarskat.
Clink, V. ^Jio tan, ^jlaii^ tantan.
Clip, V. «J33 kata^
Cloak, 8. ^^ nuuhiah, Le. ^d.
8doati.
Cloak, V. ^5^ khafa*, jl^ 8atar»
Clock, 8. AfLd 8d^. An alarm clock,
tnunabhih, A clockmaker, (JULi
[jsadd.
Clog, 8, (obBtraction), ^^ mdni^, Jui
Clog, V. fJ>^ manac, Jus sadd.
Clogged, c y»A^ mamnU^
Cloister, 8.j^J dair.
Cloistral, adf. ^jl*^ dairi.
Clonic, adf. ,<--»Uj;\ trti^dahh
Close, V. (shut), J^Li ghaldky S^ 8add ;
(to conclude), ^■,.4>,J tammam, ^irw
hhatam ; (to inclose),^ «tfr. To close
or unite fractures, etc. Jb^^j itmo/,
jf^ jahhar. To close with (come to
an agreement), Lyl 8harat.
Close (shut), y^^^ fnagMnk; (near),
v.^^ ^ir!&; (private), ^lfi>- khd8;
(compact), ^j-«-J:^ ma^fn; (joined),
fjy^00y maw8iil; (occult), ^J^^
mukhfi; (sLiteniive),jLsa^ muta/akkir.
Close, 8. (pause), cUaAjl inkitd^; (con-
dusion), ^UjIcv. khdUnud. And I
meditated npon some means of gaining an
entrance into it. The close of the day and
the setting of the snn had now drawn near,
Closed, J^Jua*^ nuudud, [ 1^ Mrraii.
Closely (near), c^^^ ^ri5 ; (secretly),
Closeness (narrowness), ik^ dikaL
Closet, t. ifjL>. khaJwat, [munfamid.
Clot, «X««^ jammad. Clotted, Jui^u«
Cloth, ^^ Jnkh, Lr*^9 (*^ il^am.
fig
A saddle-cloth, ^^£«3^ Wi£0^0^ A
doth wrapped round the middle when
bathing, ^\a^^ ^Uy futat hamtndm.
Clothe, V, ^^ labha8. To dothe one-
self, (jmJ^ talahha8.
Clothes, ^\y\ a8Wdh, i::j\^y^, tnal^
hUsdt. Bed-clothes, h— o-lU>- ehardshif.
Old clothes. Left-off clothes, ^\:xc
^ataik. Wash-clothes, ^Ji^*^ ghatHl,
Cloud, 8, A^ ghaym, lils*^ 8ahdhat (pi.
c^l^r* «aAa5). A cloud of people,
-M^ f*^ y^m^ kasir. See Multitude,
Crowd.
mt
Cloud, V. j^ ghayyam. See To obscure.
Darken, grow dark. [Obscurity.
Cloudiness, Ia^ tulmat. See Darkness,
Cloudy, s^Jut mughayyim.
Clove, *. JiJj kurun/ul,
Clove-gilliflower, 8. Ji3^ kurunful.
Cloven, jyl^ mashkak, J^U^ mafluk,
(JJm^^ tnunshak.
Clout, «. iUi^ ruk^t, ^^3^ khirkat.
aw
Clout,!;, (mend with patches), ^J^ r^i^^^.
Clown, «. JiifaHdh,
Cloy, ^^1 f. a«A3a^.
Club, «. (stick). Lie ^a«d.
35
COA
(546)
OOG
Cluck, V, (as a hen), vji^Ij idkat.
Clumsy, AiJLr. ghashim.
Cluster of grapes, s. ll»a:^ hhaaJaL To
duster (collect together), ^A,p^jama^.
Clutch, iUiJ kahdaty (-,Ji^ makhlah,
Jj kLuJ tassallut yad, uJ^ <LiJ
huhdat tasarruf.
Clutch, V. (to grasp), ^^oJ iLi^oJ.
Clutter, «• li^ ghawgMy il^^ wahcaht,
Clyster, ».iiA^ huknat (;pl. ^^a^ hukan).
To give a clyster, ^^JA»^ hakan. To
receive a clyster, ,jA£sr\ inhakan.
Coach, 8, ijj£ ^araba. Coach-huilder,
#. ^^^djjZ ^ahal^'i, [^idtirdr.
Coaction, ij^j^ darilrat,jfP^jabr,j\JaJ\
Coadjutant, ^^U^ mu^awin. A coad-
jutor, fj^j raflk, Cjo^jJ^ sharlk (fern.
i^jJ^ sharikat, pi. l^ ahurakd).
Coagulability, s. jUaT^I LLli kdhiliyat
ul injimdd. [^inctkad,
Coagulable, a<^'. jUjuHt ^JjU ^&i7 iJ
Coagulant, «. 4Xaai^ mun^akid.
Coagulate, A^if*- jumid. Coagulated,
tX4^w« munjamid. Coagulation, jIastI
m
injimddy Ju^i^ tajmld.
Coal, i^5^ >»^'' /0Af/» Ao/orf . Charcoal,
mS^ fahm. Pit-coal, ^^j^ mS? ^Ji«^
mat^dan fahm hajarl.
Coalesce, «. ^\i l&tak.
Coalescence, coalition, jUj't itiifak,
]eh^\ tkhtildt, r:]}^^ imtizdj, a\a^\
indimam.
Coarse, Li kahd, loAi ghallz.
Coarsely, dJ^^ Jij hikol ghdUtiat.
Coarseness, ^SU ghaldzaL
Coast, J^La sdhil (pi. Jl>-1jm> k^^AtT).
Coat, *. J^jya iHrtou (Ft.).
'X, V. slAfi Idtaf, jLt mallak.
Coaxer, «. ^JpL^b^ mtifna/7tX.
Cobbler, «. (Jbt^ rarmdyd^I.
Cobweb, s. iZJyS:ji\ ^ na^'al^mkahui.
Cochineal, J^3 Jbmis, 5 J^ J dudakm
Cock, «. CioJ <^ifc (pi. (li^J ^y^).
Turkey-cook, «. ^JjJbCX[Ji^A«i^.
Cock-eyed, adf. J^^ oAi^tf/.
Cocoa nut, c/^^^^^J^ y<^<^ Atiu^.
Cocoons, li ibrs, (Jj]j^ skardnik.
Cod, «. (pod), L^^j»^ kham^h.
Code, «. «JUmJ1 L^^kitdh asluhardyi^,
^Ujyli i^iiilii nSmaA. [jnyak.
Codicil, i. Vf^^ ^Um^Im^ <2dpmlmtf^ W cr«-
Codify, v.a. ^^lyll iiaj naaamalkawdnin,
Codist,«.^^|^l M^\^ mutuimulkawdnim.
Coefficiency, 8. ^j\x^ mu^watuU.
Co-equal, (j;^ mukdrin,
Coey ely j^i^t^ fard ^wnr, aJ^\ \2JpJL^
mwihtwrak al kidm, C^«Xs)l Cj^:Jt*^
mtuhtarak ul hudil8.
Co-executor, 8. ^^^^ (Ji^J f <!/^^^ •<^<ui*
Co-exist, r. n. S^%
alkagnUtuUfl wakttn wdkid.
Co-extend, v. n. jl Jcl^II i^Ll^^ mrnhdr-
kat ul imtiddd.
Coffee, Sy^ kahwa, ^ bun.
Coffee-pot, if^\ Ui^.^ ^^^ aUsahca.
Coffer, 8. l3^J^2m0 8andilk.
Coffin, 8. CUyU ^ftfl^, J^JCmii? MiM^oi.
Cogency, 5^ kuwat, ij^j^ darHrat,
Cogent, ^^y katoi, i^jj^^ daruriy jjml^
mukni^f i^S,u*.^ mtuakkit,
CogHaHou, J^jikr,^^ju tafakkur^ i[ii!\L<«
mutdla^ah.
Cogitate, v. ^^\ iflakary^Ju tafaik^a.
Cognition, #. Jla ^m, j^ iMor,
COL
(647)
OOL
Cognoscible, uJyiiJ ytm^on/. [mlrdt.
Coheir, $. (^^j^^ ^j^ *f»^rlk hi-
Coherence, cohesion, dAoLt muldsaiai,
jUl| Hhak. l%ik.
Coherent, ^}a^ mulhak, Jj^ mutakL'
Coherently, JLwJl ^ ^' VittiM.
Cohort, «. ^^fawf,jy}^ idhiir.
Coin, iLa sikkS, A die for coining, ijLa
Mtkki. The place of coining (the mint),
iS^ iikki.
Coin, r.a. (^X.> sak, <.^^ dara^.
Coined, {l^jLu*^ maskuk.
Coiner, «. ^uL» ^^\;^ darrdh itkk^.
Coincide, v. J^if^ tedfak, ^J)^ (dhak,
c^jL^ sddafa.
Coincidence, iA3\y muwdfakat, c^jLoJ
toidduf, J^sfy tawdfuk, Zulla^ )»u^d*
3aJSra^. And when he heard her words, he was
astonished extremely at this strange coinci-
dence, and said, No doubt I haTO attained my
aim and object by the capture of her father,
Coincident, ^^^ muwdjik, JljUa^ mt^-
^ad»i^, (.JjUo::^ mtUasddif,
Coition, iu^Lc^ mti/dfraa^a^.
Cold, adf. Jib 3dru^, ^;1«3^ barddn* Cold
in constitntion, ^|/*1^ (->;V ^drii^ a/
Cold, «. Jj} lard. Intense cold, jiji^J
wmnharir. The cold fit of an agae,
il*iji hardiyai. [dam muhabhah.
Coldness, ^<^j>y hariJidat, ius^ >»Jl£ ^a-
Colick, ». ^J^\ t^^ t^<i;Vi^ aliatn.
Collar, 8. (of a garment), 4jb ydiba, JJ j
siib; (an ornament for the neck), ja£
^akdf J^ tawk (pi. Jf^^^t). A dog's
collar, iJS^ halaka.
Collate, r. J^lS idioJ^ Ja3 nasama.
Collator, «. Jjli« miiibd&t?.
Collation, JLLU^ mtti^^'^^.
Collateral, l^J^J^ mutawda,
ColkteraUy,Vi«^Uifif;i^.^.^c^iyaf»iin 3iy«n^,
L^j^j^i>'y! HiMlfkm mutawda,
Colleagae> «. tlX[y^ «i&ari^ j;*»; n^lL
Collect, V. a. ^^^^^r Jama^ J iam. Te
collect wealth or proTisions, Jt« ^^«^
jbma^ mdl. To ooUeot aignments, or
draw conclusions, Jja«.»t Utadd,
Collectanea, B^p. (Lat) ^"^l . «;rt ». ^
Collected, collectiye, ^4iJB^ muftami^
9y^^ fMJmik^ To be collected,
w4ar\ injama^
Collectible, ^^^ ;^;^^ MHimJbwi i{^'a»i&.
Collection, s, ^\^%s^\ ^tmd^. A col-
lection or miscellany, 9y^^ majmn^
A collection of things, ^zAa^j^jb^
mqfmH^dt.
ColleotiTe noun, •• iji^\ ^t tsm ulkUrah.
Collectively, adv. \^jiJL^ mushtarakan.
Collector, s, ^^l^ jdmi^ A collector
of revenue, J^^iijr* tnuhasstl.
College, «• ^Xt fnadra$at (pi. ^j\*^
madAru).
Collegian, «. Jl£ ii^lt ^^'^ ^tTm.
Collier, «. aJb*1 j^«X«-< S-"*^ markah
ma^dan ulfahm.
Colliery, #. j^s^\ ^^J^** m<i^<^ ulfahm.
Colliflower, *. (Cauliflower), ^ - ; « «
Collimation, «. jL^^l utindd. Line
of oollimation, jL?^! Lrs. i^^^ istirsdd.
Collision, ^^jLo/^ mtMd(?tfma^, ajL^
tasddum, c|^ nt'zd^, JujU^ mufidsf^a^,
OOL
(548)
COM
Collocate, wJ'j waia^.
Collocation, ^^ mH^^y lM/ ^^''f^'
Colloquy, «• ^j^^^ muhdicarah, iu!lC«
Collude, 17. (oonBpiie to defraud any one),
J\::;:>-\ M&hj^\6^ ViAmar.
Collndon, iL^ Mlat, j\i5\ iUifii.
Collurive, J Jlc ghadddr.
Collyrium, $. (ointment for the eyes, a
black powder of antimony, etc.), ^J^
Colocynth, #• Jlaii^- hamal.
Colonel, », i^'i\ft^ mlrOl&y.
Colonnade, «. Ju/t^^ ^awamld.
Colony, «• ^U isSj^ jamd^at hdjjai,
Coloquintida, «. (bitter apple, a violent
purgative), ^Jlai^ hatiMal,
Colossus, $, cu^^A*!!^ f*^^ (^i^ u^a^
thakhs ^tfifm qjlfinn kdl^afrit
Colossean (giant-like), ijL^jifi\ Jl^
mUl al^afrit.
Colour, ^y kwn. A white colour, ^^^fojl
ahyad, A black colour, Jy^it astcad. A
red colour, ^^•k>-\ oAmor (fern. |/««^^
Aamrd). A yellow colour, ^^! as/or
(fern. 1^^ «afrd). A green colour,
^^-^5^1 akhdar, A brown colour,^^^«^t
a«m^ (fern. Lim) Minr^). Sky-blue
colour, (^^Umi iatndwl, A purple
colour, vJ\p"j^ arfwdnl. A blue colour,
^jj\ azrak. Of a changing colour,
^j^^^ mutalatpunn. Water colours,
U i^ljbJ. Bright colour, ^li ^^.
Dark colour, j;:jl^ ^^, Light colour,
cJ-ll^ (^jl. Deep colour, Jk^Ic j^^.
Fast colour, -^u1 ^^ . Fading colour,
*if^' U^' Oaudy, glaring colour,
tJ^ U^' Primary colours, ^^\
<Vij>»T. Compound odoorByiLd^^y^.
To come off with flying oolonn» c,-ir
gJudaba. To hoist one's colours,
Colour, 9. ^^jl ^Mmmm.
Coloured, ^^ fMdawwanj uJ^ wm<*
Colourless^ ^jL»i «di{a; (tran^aient),
Colours (standard), Jx ^olsm, Zj |^ rdyat^
Colt, '-^/f* muhr.
Column, 8. JjA^c ^mUd (pi. t^^\yC'
^awdmld). The colunm of the state,
lijji] ifxix ^umdat addawkU. The
colunm of religion, ^i^\ tiykC' ^amud
eddUn (these are tides conferred iqK>n
great men in the East).
Comb, «. ku^ miMA^. A shepherd's
comb, ic^y ^ k^ ififtfA^ arrd^.
Comb, «. k^ fiu»A-«^a^. A comber
(a lady's maid or tire-woman), ^(klU
mdshta.
Combat, «. ^U^ mu^&rakat.
Combat, v. (fight), ^-^l>- Adra&.
Combatant, «. jj^ mubdrin, l^Jlst^
muhdrth, JjUU mukdttl.
Combination, jUjI %ftifdk,c\:J^\Madd,
kAar to;^^!^. Ijj dahbar.
Combine, v, fji^ waffak, l^j ratM,
Combined, ^jiz^ mutafik.
Combustible, ^j\j ndrf, ^^j^aTyuhiarik,
Corobustibleness, «U]\ / j^p^l XJjIj kdh-
liyat ihtirdk anndr, ^j^ hdriHyak,
Come, V. jjl a<to', U- jd. To come
into the mind, dJU Jjk£>- khatarfl
laliho. To come in (enter), J^J
dakhal; (to comply), ^^-^ r«<ft. To
come near, <---V karrdb* To come off
(deviate), J-i (?a/; (to escape),
COM
(S49)
COM
4t!l»> UaHai MUho. To come off badly,
^■i.^'wr idkhayyab. To come on (to
roBh to the attack), *iB^ %i(iffi. To
come over (pass), ^ ^a&or. To come
over from a party, JiXc ^adal. To
come over (deceive), ^J^i ghadar. To
come oat (l)ecome puUic), .fuJf tn-
aihdhar. To come to (consent, yield),
^^j rail. To come to (come up to,
or amount to), k\i haiagh, J^^c ^amalf
^i^jtma^ To come up (grow out
of the ground), vji^-^ nahat. To come
upon (attack), ^£^ hqfam. The time
to come, fJ,JsMi^\ ^^p^ msamdn at
mmtakbU. To come or arrive (in speak-
ing of a person of consequence), uJ^
%harraf» [homedld.
Comedian, «. biX«y3t l^^^iA b^f^ al
Comedy, «. ^ J^j^ hmeHd.
Comeliness, ^^j*/*^^ hum, JUb>» jamdl,
^jjt^ raumak.
Comely, Mf>«*^ hassany (J:f4>- yomf 7. But
ehe loved earoining and wine, eomely fkees,
and pretty Tenes, and strange histories,
Comer, «• cl^ <>A-
Comet, s. i^^Ai (Lks^ nufmat hi fumdb.
Cometography,«.u^ J l^^^ (V?i^^ A^
^pm awnHJftm aUatl lahd tandb.
Comfort (consolation), ^Ju«J toioUl, XJlmJ
iadiyaty djyC ta^iyat\ (assistance).
Comfort, V. ^JLt Mlla\ Creatore-com-
fortSi^UMMfl^ aMihaUighjitrndniydh,
Comfortable, comforting, ^r^ mmrfh.
Comforted, ^JumI^ muta$al^. To be
comforted, ^- «««»,•.
Comfortably, ^^^ J^ ^^^ tasaUl.
Comforter, «• ^JL*^ witMoflt, («^^^ ^"^^^
cOllf.
Comfortless, JuLjL ^'25 ta%liyat.
Comical (exciting mirth), C^^sr^^ mud^
h%k. Comical, comic, Xji'**^ nuLikhara,
Coming, «• cJl atl, f^\^\ Ugdn, J^jy
umrnd.
Command, i.j^\ amr (pi. j^'^^ aw&mir).
By the command of God, ^\^ wjI^U
hi amr aHah ta^la\ The royal com-
mand, ^lyuJf *C^ huikm OBStdtdn,
A command under the king's sign
manual, i^^J^ ^ac^ hhait aharif. To
obey commands, Jt£^\ imtoiol. Ac-
cording to the king's commands,
^ILUl^l L^^m'^ hoMh amraandtdn.
Command (supreme authority), S>^
huhn.
Command, v. S^ hakam,j^\ amor.
Commanded, j^te mdmULff &y*^ ^f^h-
kum.
Commander, 9-ji^\ amir, fS\^- hdkim.
The commander of an army, j*^\
(jM^t amir aHjayUh. The com-
mander of a garrison, lailc^ muhdftsL,
The commander of the fiGdthful,^^!
^ji^yi\ amir al mHiminln,
Commandment. See Command. The
Ten Commandments, iSiS bt^ woidyd
aUiah.
Commemorable,^Jj ymiar*
Commemorate, 9.^ J takar,^^ tasaklsar*
Commemorated, jj^iX« moiilar.
Commemoration,^ J nukr.
Commemorative, k^^^J ttMidrl*
Commence, r. i^JcjI abtada*.
Commencement, tjcjf ihtidd. [wasa/^
Commend, v. (praise), ^x« maiah,
COM
Commendabley ^.^iX^k/* mamdnhj
ham^d, i-J^^ mawaHf. {hiffah.
Commendableoess, «. ^^^*^a^ mamdu-
€ommendably, *U*>- ^g^ W naw^
hamld,
OommendatioDy hMk>- hamd, ^X^ madh.
Commended^ r^"^^"*^ ^MimlA^.
Commender,9.^jLtmd(?iAy^lx« madddh.
Commensal, «. j^^Jj nadim.
Commensurability, s. ^^^^Juc Jri-ljJ
tadahul ^adadin ^.fc>«3u: Jj\^ tawdfuk
^adadliu
Commensurable, adf. ^\ai yuk&Sj JjIS
^Lfiil Jcdld lid klyds.
Commensurably, adv, ^^Ldb hil kff^da.
Commensurate, adf, ^JjIjc^ mu^&Hl,
Commensnrateness, «. ^i^^Um^ musdwdlh.
Comment, commentafte, t7.'«. ^^ sharah.
Comment, commentaiy, s, j^^mJu tafHr
(j^l.j^\ij iafaslr, c:j[;t^ tafsirdt),
^jJi» shark (pi. ^j^-- ^huruh), Jij'l^
tdwtl (pi. i^li^\j tdwlldt).
Commentator,commenter,«. ^^^ ahdrih,
jmJU4 mufamr.
Commerce (trade), ij<sfr tijdmt ; (inter-
course), \:>h^\ ikhtildt, iUlir» mu-
khdlatat, ^K^liS^ mujdma^atf lLa\y^
mUwdaalaL
Commercial, i^^^ tijdri. A commer-
cialman,«.^lj M/ir, ^^l^bf dwr^cln.
CommeroiaQy, tiufe^. ^W* !%ar«i^,
^J^^"-^' er^ V S-^^ L5^ t«*»' "^-
y*^ kawdnln ul tafdrah. {^a^d.
Commination, ' «. JJ Ji^ idhdld^ Jufij
Comminatory, o^'. i^*^*^ iahdldl^
Comminute, v. a. (Jjer' aahiJca.
Comminuted, a^. iji^^^*^^ mmhilk.
(550)
COM
Commiserate, <>. ^i^ ro^wi, ,A^ (ji-
ahafah ^. {marhamat.
CommiseFation, ^aLmi ahafakai, iUo^^
Commissary, «. (delegate), J-^ iwifct
^L# i««ftfi«At!r. To appoint a com-
missary, JSi^ wakkal.
Commissaryship, «. ^\^ wakdiat.
Commission, ». (warrant, patent), a:^
aanadi (delegation, f\ill power), iilS^
wakdlat,^^yutafwid; (perpetration),
L^\^j\ irtikdh The commission of
« crime, j^-^LmJI ^->l^^•^ iriikah d
frm^dA. The eemmission of adultery,
UjJl c-5^Uujl 4rtikdh 4su%nd. Com-
missioQ (office), i_ -^•— ■ motMO^. Com-
mission on goods, eto., ^^^a^ ^«iniUf.
Commission, v,a, ^Juc ^^-^^ tc^M«a' ^aU\
Commissioner, «. ^^^^ amln, C^y *'*^
wakkal, (J^^as- ^mU.
Commit, <?. (to deposit), ^^ wada^^
^j wtida^; (to do, perpetrate),
i^^C7;\ tV^dril«£. To commit to prison,
hahaa. Then the King oom-
mittediihe damsel to the tire-woniMit sayine
to them, Amend the state of this damsel, and
deck hec, and fhrnish for her a priTate oham*
l>er, and take her into it, uil«I\ ^^\ J
Commitment to prison, 9, y^^r^' kmba.
Committed to prison, yj^y^M^ wuMiUy
i^y^ maaftLn.
Commodious (convenient), Cp^^U^
ndaib, (j^^yt muwdJUt; (useful), Jui
muf^dy ^U ndfi^
Commodiously, iij\y9 Jij hikol mmra.
COM
(551)
COM
JOtai ^L« Ji) hikol mundtaiat, Jij
ixsc^ hikol manfa^.
CommodiooBiiess, i, ^ ...iil \ ^ mun^lsdbaf,
iSjlyt muwdfakat, it^\i fdyuUU.
Commodity (adyantage), ijSM fdyidai;
(conTeiuency)i ^-■■■■■A '* ^ mwUtiobat;
(goods), ^L^ hidd^oA. Then I re-
solyed, and aroee, and bought for mjraelf goods
and commoditiet aad merchandiie, with such
other thinffs as were required for trarel ; and
had oonaented to
my performing a
my mind nad oonaeni
8ea*Toyagei ci
Commodore, 9,jy^y%^ commodore.
Common, >*lc ^am, jylfi*^ nkwAAiZr,
vlJjJL^mwihiarak\ (plenty ),y5l^«7a/fr,
j^ laslr ; (ignoble), jiiA>- halXr.
Common sense, C^jiJLA\ ^/m^\ alha%
al muMarak. A common, ^^^^
mlddn.
Commonalty, common people, commons,
commoners, >»US1 al^m, Z^UIl at
^miyiUf iS^j^\ ^^1 ahdh al mam*
lakat, (jmU\ aS^ ^wdm annds, li^J\
arra^iyat.
Commonly (nniversally), \^ykc ^umU-
man^ (^y^^ ^^ ^^^ fflt^ wafh aH^
mUm ; (fireqaenUy), tJL^\iJI\^\ aksar
al awidtf \j^ hoAran,
Common-weal, common-wealth, jf^f*^
jawhir (pl.^^Lik>- jamdlar).
Commotion, 41^^ harakai ; (tamnlt),
iiSJ filnat; (sedition, perturbation),
i^\L^\ uUirdh, UAi kaliaUU.
Commnnicate, v. (impart, reveal), (.j^
^arraf; (to bestow a part), ^jo^l^
ha98a$; (to receiye the sacrament),
JjUj tandwal. To communicate (as
the pestilence, etc.), ^/Afi ^ada\ To
communicate a secret, jjL» idrar.
Communication (revealing), j\^\ tsAdr,
cJ^yu ta^f'f (participation), ^j\JL^
muahdrakat ; (conversation), ^3 W*
muhdwarat, ijJL\x^ mu^sharat; (in-
let), J^Jk^ madkhal.
Communion (intercourse), L^^i^ iuhhat.
The communion (sacrament), J^Uj
^iXLti\ ^^j^\ iandwul dl kurbdn al
mukaddoi.
Community, jy^AP^jamhUr, [)\Ajra^djfd,
Commutable, JjJu:^^ (^;C«w« mumkin al
tabdti. [^jL/t mubdddlat
Commutation, JjJ hadal, J^JcJ tahdll.
Commute, v- Joj hadal.
Compact, «. ^jU^t iitifdk, JS^ ^kd, S^
^hdf ]ffjJL ihart.
Compact (solid), iX^sa^ munjamid. A
compact discourse, juT»,r^ /^i^ kaldm
mukktasar.
Compact, r. ^1^ laham, Sa,p^ jammad,
Compactedness, compactness, jUrsci in-
jimdd.
Companion, s, (J^j raftk, L^^^r*^^^ adhib,
^^maJ^ anU. A pot-companion, ^jJ
nadlm.
Companionable, uJj)t« mdluf*
Companionship, iiuj ru/kaL
Company (society), Aj^s^ tukbat, ^^^m^
jam^at, A)r\<^ khuUat\ (a partner-
ship), ^jJ^ shurkat.
Comparable, Jjlib« mufjddd, ^jLl^
^}^Jijci\mumkinaiiamMf ^uIj yuMah.
Comparably, Jgi^aii ^^ ^ix ^ai^i' wajh
aliamHl.
Comparative, iDjU.«S1 JjIS kdM al mu-
kdhalat. A comparative noun, ^\
COH
(852)
COH
#«
Comparatively, ^LuJ niabatan Lma\]\j.
Gomparei v. ^\j h&hal, ^jLi massai.
Comparison, compare, <Ly^j tashbih (pi.
^o^, (jM^LS i&^d«. Beyond oompari-
8on, aijyqjij ^7^ ^(mA^zA, Jg^JcJl ^li
/dyi^ attamslL [wl ibm.
Compart, amJ iasam. Compartment,
Compass, «• (oircle), ^t J ddyrat, 2s^j>^
halakat; (spaoe), j\aL9 tntkddr; (ex-
tent), J\js^\ mttddd; (ability), iy
hHwat, ^uLU kdhlif/at, Jac ^a^/. A
pair of compasses, j\Lj hikdr. The
mariner's compass, ^U JLLJ ib^ia^
itd»ki. To compass (encircle), tW.)
oAd^; (to besiege), ^U- hdsar; (to
attain), J«^ has»al, j^^mS kaaib, fTj
rebeh.
Compassion, iAkL ihafahat, ijj rikkat,
«
ij^^^yt marnatnaL Fortune has pitied
my state, and felt compaadon for the lena^th of
my burning tonnenta, and granted me what I
desired, and remoyed that which I dreaded. I
will therefore forgive her the offences which she
committed in former times. There ia no escape
for the wolf from ntter destmction ; the Tine-
yard ia for me alone, and I have no stapid
partner, JjUl ^Jj^ • ^\J J^ji\ jj
Compassionate, (jiJ^ mushfik, (J^J^
thaflk, k^Jilt Jjj rahk ol kalb. The
most compassionate of the merciful,
^Ji^'^^\^\ (t^j^ arham arrahmin.
Compassionate, v. mot^j rahamf ^jiJ^
•hafak.
Compassionately, iU>^; Jij Ukolrahmai.
Compatible, ^Jji l&yik, c..^!:^ mmULfih.
Compatibly, JL^L^^J^ hikolmundiahat.
Compatriot, «. jL ^1 ihmhalad.
Compel, V. /^ji\ akam, j^^ jtAar^ m^
kaum, i^^»nc. gJuudb.
Compelled, (^^j^ ma&fiffi, /*r^ "^
toim, jyi^ mqpfHr. To be com-
pelled, ApJ\ fUmam. [mij^.
Compellation (nomination), ^U^ywJ Ut-
Compend, oompendium, JiaGj\ itiiadr,
j»aaA^ mukUuar. To make a oom-
-pendiumtj^acj] ikUuar.
Compendious, j.aa.ss^ mukhUuar, Jp^y
mfi;V». A compendious discouiBe, jJH
^y kaldm mUja*
Compendiously, \j\sfi ijd%an.
Compensate, r. {jo^ ^awwad, (j\^ idf^,
CompensatioUi ijo^ ^wad, \^ jitd,
i\i\L9 mukafat, i\j\jB^ mujdndL
Competence (power, capacity), J;jj
kudrat^ ^^ idhiUifai.
Competent, JjU kdhUf j;£ll Idytkj
c,»^.«ilx^ mund9tb,jj\j kddir, \_ -r^]j •
^4/*^i i}!^ niutdhik, ^\^ kd/J.
Competently, &U Jij MAo/ UydkaL
Competition, eljJ n<ad^ LrjU^ mtoia-
sa^a^; (contest), ijfX. gklnU,
Competitor, «. c-^j roAsS, f,>^:>^ thitau
Compilation, compilement, («-iJli M}f»
^i^jam^ See Collection.
Compile, v. (from Tarious authors),
jama^. To compile a book,
S^ls^ Mmaf UM. [JaM.
Compiler, #. c^l:j3t ^l>- jdmi^ d
Complacence, complaoency,^lfih.L0^ rUd
khdtir; (ciyiUty), ii^ latdfiU.
Complacent (a&ble), l-aJoI 2aA/ See
CiviL
COM
(553)
com;
Oomplaiiiy f^« 15^^^ %Maka\ To com-
plain of an iBJorfTi ^^ iJ^ Uuhakia^
milt. [shakki.
Complainer, s, ^l^ shdkl, ^JjSic^ muia-
Complaint, «. h\Ll^ Bhakdyat, \^J^ ihak-
wa ; (malady), {JOJ/^ marad.
Complaisance, complaisantnessyciy luif^
Complaisant, ly^ s^^-^X^ $dktb marHat,
Complaisantly, (^JD J^G hikol lutf, Jij
Complement (fullness, perfection, com-
pletion), i%Uj iamdm, /Xki\ timdm,
^\:s^\ HtMiUim.
Complete (without defect), J^l^ kdmU;
(fini8hed)| i<f^^ muntahl.
Complete, v» maj tamnutm, iJa^ hammaif
i^/Ls^ khaUas.
Completed, J^\^ hdmil, a\aj tamdm.
Completely, UUJ tamdman.
Completeness, oompletement, completion,
Ifjt intihdf f\xijL\ ilMiUtm, aUJ
iamdm, dXtj\ itmdm.
Complex, (Ji^ mutabhai.
Complexion (of the face), Xj^ ehahra ;
(constitation),^!^^ mindjJijuJ^idbi^f
j^AXA ^mur. Of an adust complezidn,
^tj^l [jtiJ^l ff&his aimkdj. And his
oomplezioii had changed, his face had heoome
■allow, and his feet swollen hy walking and
toil, ^^S-^y^ *fr^7*-^!^ ^^ji^ ^3
Compliance, JjJ hMlf jUjt itU/U,
lijridd.
Compliant (obedient), ^IL tdyi^^ ^^^
Complicate, 9, )^j^ Ithaiai, lai^ ihariai.
Complicate, complicated, ^ji^ muihoT'
hat. To be complicated, )aija^tdkhar''
hat.
Complication, complicateneB8,Ll». thaU.
Compliment, «, \^Sij UMf^ a1L» «a^m,
JhUj. After compliments, ^Uf Juu
ha^ oMoldm.
Compliment, v. Jui saUam, (Jj^V i^^^*
And when she came into his presence, she
kiflsed his handi, complimented nun with the
most conrteons words, and gaye him the paper,
and he read it and undentood its meanmg,
Complimental, ^<aJ^ ianitikl.
Comply, V. ^j radi, JJ Idbtl, ^Jaj]
ittafak.
Component, uJ!^ muwaUif*
Compose, v. (arrange), c-^ rahkab^ fioj
fkuum. To compose a difference, Jl^
<d/(0^ To compose a book, ujbk^
c^\s^ toftfMi/ib'i^dd. To composeverses.
Composed (arranged), (»^oi^ manMUm;
(formed), ^^.^y fnuraikah; (placid,
calm), ^Ls adkin. {_kitdh.
Composer, a. l^\s^ j^m^^^ mtuannif
Composition (formation), isl^ hhufkat \
(compomidiag, mixing), ^^*^Ji tarMb;
(onion), jlarl Utihdd. Composition
(arrangement), l.^J» tartlh, Jiacj]
intwdm. Literary composition, llil
tnshd.
Composure (of mind), Jl^U)! ^L»^t
itmlndn al ihdtir, JUI ^\ij rafdhi-
yat aJhdh [nuaqf.
Compound, v. (mix), LL^ thalat, ^y
COM
(554)
CON
Componndy oompoondedy ^-^^ «m^
rakM, i^jlsr^ nmkhlutf «^ ji/«^ wuumuj.
Compoondy «. ^'^/[p tarksh, A oom-
povnd woid, l^j^ XJoil 2i;/k0< mtroit-
Compoimdabley l,^^^\ ^;C«^ MMWii^
a/ iarkfh, t^^J^ ^tsraiiah.
Comprehend, c. (eonceiye), CJ^«3\ a<^aifc»
jf^i^ toiawwar ; (to compriBe), (J««cJ«1
Compreliaided^ CSjt^^ mudrak.
Comprehensible, /%^fi« mafkUm, J^&t^
Comprehension (intellect), m^ fahm (pL
(•^/wAfiw), Jir ^tftf (pL J^ t****0»
cJ|^j) idrak; (containing), )ji»-1
«%^Mrd, JUlII wA^tmd/.
ComprehensiTe (conceiving), dl^^ J^ m«-
iffilr; (containing), J.«i«uu« ifit»tomt2^
ijy^sr^ muhtmcl. The comprehensiTe
. or intellectnal power, iSjS^ iy ihlira^
madrikatfkJ^iA^ii
ComprehensirenesB, if^l^J wahSvmt, i^
i^jiX^ HwtU madrikat.
Compress, v. yjesLos. ^^^^a^- kM$ar,
Compress (for a woond). See Bandage.
Compressed, jy^^sf^ fnahtHr.
Compressible, jUMOilfJjUiaM
Compression, compres8are,^J;%Ma? ^m^U.
Comprise, v. JasJL\ iMamoL
Compromise, «. I?^ %hart^ «X|£ ^hd,
iljJbU/9 mu^hadaU To compromise.
Compulsion, compolsiTeness, jjj wawr,
Compulsive, compulsatory, compulsory.
Compulsively, \jfS^jabranf j^ loBtkram,
[f^ ffhashan.
Compunction (contrition), u^U Uutnaf,
S^\sj naddmai, hy tawhai.
Computation, ^..»LA>> hitdh, im^\s<*
muhdsabai. T^^^tu'*^ hauh.
Compute, 9. (-.^Lu»- J.4X ^nud kudb,
Concatenate, 9. jj^ jafoar.
ConcatenationyjJ;^/sfisfr,^;^£Kr| mmtfir.
Concave, '_ *if^ mt^'awwaf, uJus^^l 9>^-
To make concave, 1^^ jawwaf.
Concavity, k^^ jmpf^jo k^^r.
Conceal, v. ^M-] Mfd, ^M- kksf^,
,^ khaiU'. Wflt thou oonoesl
secretB, 0 BT good none? And she replied.
How should I not keep and conceal secietB,
irhen I am of the choicest and best of the free-
bom and the most chaste ladies? Jjb
Concealment, 15^^ mMfa^. The M
woman began to affect ignorance to ber, and
proceeded to diTert her with talk, until ther
both approaciied the place where T^-^-Malox
was concealed, Jjblscij ;ys^\ '"~^^9
Concealment, conoealedness, Ufwl ikkfa^
\scj>.\ ikhttflt.
Concede, 1?. »J^\i Ji^ 9aUam kiUky,
Conceit (conception), i^\jj\ idrdk,^
>fcr; (fency), JL^ khiydl, J^
Ukhayytd, jyai ioHWfwur. [ham.
Conceit, v. (J^a^ UMkoj^yal, Jby 6nmA-
Conceited, ^j^^x muiomna^ jJX«
Conceitedly, jLc J^ &i!M ^mdd.
Conceitedness, self-conceit^ » v.aJ <«<
MHIfttf^.
COS
iS55)
CON
- . «
iU^^'i
Conoeive, v, (oomprebend), a^ fitkim.
To conoeiTe reaentment, i^^^r.*
Conceivable, jy^^^^ mnUaiowwar, *fft^
yan/ahem.
Concentric, ji[^ O^ ^ hhofard mariM*
Conception (pregnancy), Ju»- Ao&i/ ;
(inteUect), a^ fahm, cJ\jJ\ tdrdk.
Concern, v. (bdong to), ^^^s^ khas,
\\ v_.,.u^\ iniisah ila\ So tbe wolf
accepted his apologjjr, and ceased from ill-
treatiofi^ Mm, but said to him. Speak not of
that which concemeth thee not, lest thoit hear
tbat wbicb will not please tbee, (JJii
■• ^**
Concern, concernment, ifjt« mddat^j^]
amr, JjLI skuffU, 1^^°^ moilahat;
(care), ^UcJ^t Mimdm; (affliction),
y^J^ Ambu; (affection), iUjzr* muhabbai.
Of great concern, m^ mukimm. An
affair of great concern, ^U|^4^r^^
nuulahat muMmmtU.
Concerning, L^)yH\^ moMul, ^ ^im,
^^ tnin, %^f^, ^ya:>- ^^ min khusili.
Concert (compact), j^Oj tadblr jUj>I
Mifak.
Concert, v. (adjast), w« J^^JJ taddwal
ma^ Jaj na%m,j»i}dahhar, c-^ rattah.
Concession, SJaz ^stiyttt, ^Um^I ihsdn.
Conciliate, v. (gain), J^.^^- h^ssalt l,, ^»hk'\i\
iktiuab ; (to reconcile), Jl^ sdhh. To
conciliate affection, JLcujI istamdl,
ConcilialioD, J^ sulk, he\^ia^ mtudUh
hat, XiLc^l itUmdlat.
Conciliator, s. jLo^ mtMdM.
Concise, roc^sr^ mukhtasar, ,*ia
Condselj, jL^^b ^* ikhtudr.
Conciseness, jLtf^l ikhtUdr*
Conclave (private apartment),
itf«Sr«
i»Mri;Ua^; (a cabinet eonncil), ^^ji^
^\^ dlwdn khds.
Conclude, v. (terminate), ^\ aimam,
f^i:>^ ihMtam, To conclude an alliance,
ifjJhU^ (Ja£ ^offui/ mu^hadaL To
reason, form an opinion, ^1 tmtaj.
To conclude, <ufe. isci^lj wdlncUHjaU
Conclusion (close, end), J^t akhirat,
i^\:>^ khdtimat, j^\is^\ ikUitdm;
(result), i:^J natljat (pL ^^
natdytf). A conclusion from tbe pre-
mises, JL««xLi!f ^^^ natJjat al mukad-
damat. An evident conclusion, ^>:fcj
iaCj^ fMtlJMi $arihai. True conclu-
sions, <L5gi». 'ffT^ natdyij haifMyat ;
(decision), ^ hmjjatf JdaJsu* numbata.
Conclusive, wl^li kdti^, ^l& tAd/i.
CoDclusivelf, UI9I3 tdtt^n.
ConcoctioB, A«dJh Aa<lm, (JJ^^i^ ^«Aft]f.
Tbe first concoction, J^Ht a^\ a/
Concomitance^ ^[iUl iddfat, [panion.
Concomitant, «. JP^^i; ni|/til^. See Com-
Concomitantlj, U^ ma^aan.
Concord, concordance, SM\y muwdfakaif
j\su\ tUi/dk, Jla/l ittihdd, ifjJbU^
mu^hadatf \^j ridd, ^^. Concord
in grammar, laji 1 rabt.
Concordant, MjJLt mtddt/im, (ji^y^ mw-
tpdjlk, (jhjUx« fniifdSfX.
Concourse^ «• ^4^ m^mii^, ^««k>-y0m^,
cUa^-I ytimd^f i^^fi^^ jam^yaty
f^^Ayi Uadkuim. A great concourse,
jfj^ ^^ i^t ^^^''•
Concrete, «X^U^ j'dmtd, J>aj^^ mtm-
jamid, ja^sX^ muiafammtd. i^ikdd.
Concretion, jUoeH in^imdd, jUaJI
COK
(566)
CON
Conoubine, i. hj^ awrriyat (pi. t^^j^
Concnpiscenoei l^^ shahtcat, (JUuaJ ^^^b
hawa* nafsdnl, ^j^yt tawkdn,
Goncnpisoent, iJ^^f^ shahwdti, (J\mJu
nafsdnt, ^^^u^ mtuhtihl.
GononTi v. ^Jiu] Utafak, J^l ittahad,
J^ilj iodfak.
Concurrence, j\i5\ tUifdi, olari iUv'
hdd; (help), JJi^ madad; (consent),
Concurrent, (ji^y muwdjik, (jis^ mui-
tajik, (ji^jA^ mahrUn, ^^">y^ muftami^,
Jy.dL« tnutiastl*
Cononssion, £j^^ haratat, ijs^j ra^U
See Tremor, Shaking.
Condemn, v. (sentence), iZJyi\j S^
hakam hd maiwt. To condemn to an
Ml
in&mous punishment, {j^f^- jarras}
(to blame), ^ J som, aJ /am*
Condemnation, Jl»> Attibfi, LdS ibnta.
Condensable, 4^Qjifi.CrJ\ ^jL4^ mumkm al
iaktitf.
Condensate, condense, v. uJi^ kasaaf,
^^^ sakhthan.
Condensation, condensify, condenseness^
i^i/Xj JakHf.
Condense, <— i>l^ koAf, [iand%al.
Condescend, v. ^^y tawdda^, (Jj^
Condescendence, condescension, (Jj^
tandsud.
Condescendingly, ^}j\^ J^ hikolUmdmU.
Condign, u-*«c»-1j todjiby ^JjgXu^ mtM-
^aAat.Condignpunishment,j;i^W«|jfiw
jisd mustahak.
Condition, «. (state), Jl>- hdl, JLIU-
hdlat, LJl^ kanfiyat) (rank), ^Ll
$hdn, m\Su9 moitem, ^LT^ martabat\
(stipulatbn), t^ tW^, «^ ^ahd\
(attribute), uJ«0j tm/^, ^di^ «i^f
Jubt* ffuTA^^o^ ; (temperament), ^1 Jc^^
i^iddly ^\j^ mudj.
Condition, r. (stipulate), L^ jAorof,
^jjJ^ (3^4^ ^amtf/ fAfirfi^.
Conditional (on terms), iJefjJL «ibrff;
(uncertain),^Jii«^ ^ghayrmwhaikMk,
Conditionally, conditionary (on terms),
\9%JmJ hi shurnt
Conditioned (endowed with qualitiet),
uJLvjl v_ nf^^Y" idhtb awidf.
, Condole, v, ^j roM, ,Jlc ^U ndh ^M*
Condolement, condolence, \jC ^obo. A
letter of condolence, hyu i^\:S Utah
ta^iyaL The days of mourning or
condolence, \yi\ f^\A ayydm al ^md.
Conduce, 9, jlil afSLd, ^u nife^.
Conducible, conducive, ^j^ wtf^dwM,
^U ndfi^ Conducireness, ^jl«^
mu^wanat, ^i3 naf^.
Conduct (guidance), iAdJb htddyai ; (ad-
ministration), ^JJ tadbin A safe
conduct, ^Ul amdn.
Conduct, V. (lead), jlS kdd. To ccmdiiet
an army,^CMji!\ jIj id({ dl^aikarm To
conduct business well, JLoJt^^^
c^.^ ibAi' dl nuudlth tayyth. And
he oondaoted me into a laige rabierraiieaB
chamber, and, haTing seated me at tiie imer
end of that chamber, brought me some niod.
Conductor, 4^jU ^A, «X^^ vmrMhid.
The conductor of an army (a genenl),
^^£uje1 JjIS kdyid al ja/ytih, A oon-
ductor (director), ^^^y muraiM.
Conductress, «• lit J doMdloL
CON
(557)
coir
Condnit, s. U ^Jo tmik md, ^^j}^
mvur&h [maikhrli^tdt).
Cone, 9. ^jj^ maihnU (pi. UL^^^jir*
Confect, V. yJf J-<*£ ^amal murMa\
Confeoty oonfectioD, «• t^r^ murahh^,
i^ys^ ma^'Un (pi. jj?>"l*^ ma^jin).
Confectioner, #. kS^^'^- hulwdnlf t^^f^
shakarfi.
Confederacy, confederation, if JJbU^ mtf-
Mihdd.
Confederate, v. JJb\c ^had, j;aJ| ittafah.
Confederate, 9.fj^%rafik, ^jis^ mutafik.
ttff
«
Confederate,confederated, Jl^u« muttahid.
Confer, 9. (upon any stated subject),
jy Jj iaddiffol, ^\dJ tm&kar, ji^luJ
iaahatcar, ijt^'s^ ,^aa ^mal mazd'
iarah; (to grant), j^fu\ an^, ^^)a£
^\m\ ^anuU tn^dm, ^;m*»-^ ahsan* To
confer an office, ^^»n\^ ij^ ^t^^
mamah. [fiuudkaraL
Conference, 9. ijyw^ nuuhwarai, i^\d^
Confess, v. uJ^I i^taraf.
Confessed, i^jixy^ mu^arif, jjLt mu-
harrir. [jj) l&hud.
Confessedly, ""ULJ Ut^an, CJj^'i Idahak,
Confession, j|^^ i^fir, uJ|^l t^trdf,
yijSj taknr, (j^Aa^ tahklk.
Confessor, «• (of his own faults), i.Jpt^
tnu^arif; (one who hears the confes-
sions of others), cjl^lt wCum^ mus-
tam^ alt^tirdf, (m^\y:s!i\ Jji^ mu^lim
al i^tird/.
Confest (open, known), (^yJ^^ ma^lum.
Confide, v. ^1£*Xas^\ i^tamad ^la\jfiA
i^iahar, J^y tawaJ^ud, JJL&\ i^takad.
Confidence (trust), jIkiaI i^ikad^ c\asA
i^imddf JUu! iUikdl, J^y iawatkuli
(boldness), ijL^ jtuarai. 0 thou,
hefurdest thou not tliat which the damsel has
giTen u a charge in the inscription npon this
tobletP Moreover, and especially, she has
given it as a charge in oonfiaence, and we are
not of the people of treachery, 2\ \dJb\i
Confident (trusting to, assured beyond
doubt), i^jr^ mutavDokhilm
ConfidenUy (with firm trust), IjUclaI
i^timddan; (without doubt), CXSiL
laOBhak.
Configuration, ljy>a iUrat.
Confine, confines, t\>- hadd, J^tX>- hudud.
Confine, r. (imprison), (^/Mf>- habta; (to
restrain),y«a3 kauar, ^J^ dayyah.
Confined, \j*»yfS!^ mahhns, ^^j^yf*^ »w-
jUn. To be confined, {j^^^-a^ inhahoi.
Confinement (imprisonment), ^/^^ hdbti
(restraint), ^^;M^ takAr. And she said,
0 my son, tell me what has happened to thee ?
So I related to her mir story. And she said,
0 my son, this is the daughter of the Judge of
Bagaad, and she is kept in close confinement ;
the place where thon sawest her is her apart-
ment, \l^j^^ ^ Ji i^^Jjli csJl^
yf^\ \|j\.r^ jIjju ^^U l::^ arjJh
Confirm, v, jji karrar, JhA>- hakkak,
Confirmable, lI^LjSI J^li kahil al Mat.
Con&Tm&aonf j\jSc^\ Utikrdr, j\J\\krar^
k:J\J»\ Mat, ^J^Astr iahkik, J^y
tawkid.
Confirmatory, confirmatiye, i^^^^ mt^
kawl, cSy mawakkid.
Confirmed, ^^yy^ nuubut, jJl^ imf-
CON
(558)
CON
horror^ cSy muwdkkai. To be con-
firmed, cS\j taakkad.
Confiscable^ \^**^'*l yundabU^ot^ ffudbai.
Confiscate, v. ]a^ dabai.
Confiscate, confiscated, i^j^^ )o^0^au*
madbut lilmlri. [amtcdl lUtnlri.
Confiscation, ijj^^ J V*^^ ^^ ^^ ^
Conflagration, «. <^ ^»^ lahlh,^j^ harlL
Conflict, 8. (battle), ^j>' harh; (a duel),
Jj^J duel ; (violent collision), ^JiaJ
tasadum, <UJ^ aadmat.
Confluence, conflux (junction of two
streams), ^^ji^\ f*^ mqfma^ al
nahfin; (a crowd), v-^i^yam^. See
Concourse, Multitude.
Conform, v, (make conformable), ^ji^
waffdk ; (to comply with), ^It tahak.
Conform, conformable, (j^\^^ mvtwafik^
^Ux^ mutdhih, Jht muldym; (ob-
sequious), ^^Jo^ muil^, [jkat.
Conformably, iaiil^ J^ hikol muwdfa-
Conformation (formation), i^^jO tarkih,
^j^ takwln.
Conformity, i^Ai!^ muwdfakat, J^Ua^
mutdbakat, i^\jL^ mmhdhahat.
Confound, t^. k) ,£L kharhat, ^^ khalat.
Confounded (confused), Jcas^ miMdr^
)aijS^ mukharhat ; (detestable), ifj^J^
tnakruh.
Confront, V. iJ^\ Jjli kdbal ashy, ^\j
j>^, lkX>-l wdjah ahhadan hi akhar*
Confuse, v. y^ khalat, i^js>- khata\
^jjj farrak.
Confused, ^y^ tntuhawwash, iaJcLsr^
mukhtalit, j^ hayyar. Confused in
mind, jj|/-^ hayrdn.
Confusedly, |«UaJ^^ ^ min ghayr nixdm
^js>- tJ^ hikol kharhata*
Confusion, confusedness (irregular miz-
tnre), JU- khdld, ki;^t itkUUit,
Jlir^t imildL
Confutation, Z^sSL^ immdkadat, JUaj^
ibtdl, Ji^bj rod al kaldm.
Confutable, j)\ JjU kahil arrad, ^^fj^
^^^tfLlt mumkin dl nakd.
Confute, «• ^^^ ndkad, ^uLc«3^ rod
^atlhi, ^j3 ^Jl^Vdhtdl kawlaho.
Confuted,^^Ai^ tnankud, <3^0^ mardud.
Cong^, «. (bow, salute), i*^ ioldm. To
return a cong^ or salute, Ju«s «i/(2asi ;
(leave), i^a^-j rukhsat, ij^\ ijaiaU
To cong^ (take leave). To give a
cong6, c J^ wadda^
Congeal, v* a. J^^^ jammad; v. »• tX4is»-
jumid. [tafmid.
Congealable, Ju^^jaSI ^^;C«y« fnumh'n al-
Congealed, >.\4^cv^ mitnjamid.
Congealment, congelation, Ju^^ U^id.
Congenial, congenerous, ij»*:^ «^ /«rtf
ywM.
Conglomerate, r. ^^ /arntf^.
Conglutinate, r. a^ A^Aam, ^sp hnak.
Congratulate, v. cl/;l-J &arai.
hanna\ And when they came to ns,
they saluted me and congratulated me on my
safety, and took me with them; and I ae-
quainted them with my storyi and what I had
suffered on my voyage, \y^ L^Jlj
Congratulation, Xj^^ /oAitlaJ (pi. ^jUJ
toAdnl). Congratulatory letter, <■ .y (^ #
<U:^ tndktuh tahnlat*
Congregate, v, ^^^ jama^ [jam^iyat*
Congregation, %. i^\A>- jamd^t, ^
Congress, «. ^/Jus^ mafli»,
^Ijj J diwdn.
CON
(559)
CON
Congniencei eongnnij, iSj\yt muwd-
/altat, ^j\su\ fttifikf i3j^ia^ mutdbakat.
Congruent, congraonsi ^H l&yUi, (J^^y
muwafik, e-^^li^ mundsih.
Congmonaly, Z^^^L^ Ji^ hthol mundsa-
batf iA3\y (JG hikol muwdfaiai.
Conic, iA'9/^'^ maihrHii,
Conjecture, (jmuj kipdM, ^^^^ iakhmln.
And sfaarpea thy perception to notice efcry
omen, and train thy diBcemment to correctness
of inference; for he whose oonjeetores are
light has his joy prolonged, hut he whose
notions are erroneous has his success de-
ferred. Do not burden thyself, my son, with
a large household. Eschew fastidiousness,
abstain from frequent importunity, and be
content with a small gift if a great one b^
.^'. -.-it
withheld, * ZiUL)
Conjecture, v. ^^^^ khamman, JtJby
tawahham, ^ tann.
Conjecturable, ^^4>flg;l\ ^^^^j^^ mumhin
attakhmln, Ji«)J <«-^ r^ harlh lil^akl*
Conjectural, 15-*^- [/aradan,
Conjecturally, \'m^A,ssr tdkhmlnan^ U?^
Conjecturer, «. ^j^^^s^ mukhammin.
Conjoin, v. ^y hiran, ^^^ tcasal, ^^
Conjoint, Jm^^ muttasil, ^jic^ muttafik,
CSf'kin^ muahtarik, w4>:.jyr^ mujtami^y
f^^jS^ fndkrUn, \y^ satod.
Conjointly, U^ ma^.
Conjugal, ,«2fCj?/ ta%wy'i.
Conjugally, <^^1 l.^,.^j4J ha mujib
asajat. '
Conjugate, v. uJ^ sarraf.
Conjugation (of a verb), i^Mj>aS tasrff.
Conjunction, j\a^\ tttihdd, wi^jbm^,
^U:;^\ ijtimd^ ^Ju^^^ muwdsalat,
fj^j wa$l, J^^ wiadl, A conjunc-
tion (part of speech), i^iVtr ^atf, A
copulative conjunction, ^UJl i^J!Lz
^atf aJhaydn. An explicative conjunc-
tion (connecting explanatory or synony-
mous words),^<>a<flJl ^aVir. ^atf attaf'
tHr, A conjunction of the planets,
^j^\ *kitrdn» The conjunction of
two beneficent planets (as Jupiter and
Venus), ^^ JjcJI ^^)/i\ iUirdn assac
din. The conjunction of two malig-
nant planets (as Mars and Saturn),
^j»M»^\ ^)^f ikiirdn al ndhtHn.
Corgunctive, ^X-o^ wash. Conjunctively,
conjunctly, Ijlart ittihddan, UUJl
ittifdhan. [JLy fursat.
Conjuncture (occasion), ^UJl ittifdk,
Conjuration (conspiracy), if jJbU^ mu^^
hadat, j\aj\ ittifdk; (enchanting, etc.),
jsr* sihr, <Uj Ic ^zitnat (pi. ^Alc
^Mdym),
Conjure, v, (entreat with earnestness),
•• w ^
CynaJ tadarra^ 15-*^ ^fl«kw»a*, ic^-J
tarajja' ; (to conspire), jUj\ ittafak.
Conjure, v.^ (practice enchantment), ^^:^
sahar.
Conjuror, s.j>X^ »dhir,j\sr^ sahhdr.
Connatural (participating the same
nature), ^U^J? Jj3 fard tahl^at.
Connect, v. connex, ^^ karatif Jy.tfj wasal.
Connected, fJ*A^ muttasil, jJucl^ muta"
^allik, \^^y^ makrun.
Connexion, ^UaJl ittisdl, L^mj nuhat,
Connivance,^^;-*! ^^Uil ighmddalukyn,
Jjblar tajdhul, JiUjf taghafid.
CON
(660)
CON
Connive, v.Ja:!i\ ^joasS aghtnad annautr.
Connoisseur, ».^U mdhir, uJ;lc caHf.
Conquer, v. ^ fatah, l^Ic ghalab,
C^Saj tamaUak, yb tafar, laLj A»-
salht. To conquer one's passiops,
<U«iJ ci^l^ ]au^ dabat thahwai naf-
ttho. Aecustomed to conquer, Jia^
fnwtfir. Ihur.
Conquered, c-^^i^ mahglnl.j^^ mak-
Conqueror, 9, ^JUyAd/t3,yL«i»ui/?r,
Conquest, ^faihyj^ %afr, i^ nasrat.
Consanguineous, v-^y karlh.
Consanguinity, July harahaL
Conscience, ^^-^k,^ damlr, S^i %mmat.
Bemorse of conscience, n^Afjl! -^y
taufbtkh addamtr. And if I take to him any
other person, he will hecome a weight upon
my conscience. I know not what to do,
Conscientious (scrupulous), i« j ^^^\^
sdhih zmmat.
Conscientiously, d^^SjL hikol zimmat.
Conscientipusness, ibj diyanat, ^JuA
imdn,
Consoionable, J^U^ tna^Hl
Conscious, u-wlj toaUf, j^^ khablr,
J-1L« muttali^ To be conscious,
j-l£i attala^. Conscious of a secret,
j-I!» tjri-l J dakhil astir.
Consciousness, cJLLl tttila^, Ac ^ilm.
Consecrate, v. ^^jj kuddas, ^^ karras.
Consecrate, consecrated, (jmIl^ muhad-
^' ItakrU.
Consecration, ^^-JJij takdls, ^^^Jj
Consecutive (successive), Jlyx** muttcdll,
yli::^ mutatahi^.
Consecutively, JI^IU hi iawah.
Consent, J^ hMl^ \j>j
ijdhat, ^lk« maidwa^.
Consent, v. jiJi Utafak, ^j radl, ^\^
Consentaneous, ^^y mmwdfik, J«&«^
Consequence (effect of a cause), i^\zj
natijat; (consequences), ^\sJ mUapj;
(tendency), ^jOji, gharad, «3udJ iati.
Certain consequences, iS^iM^^ 0^^
natdyij hakiUyat. An affair of cob-
sequence, ^j^ amr muhimm. To
him who thinketh not of resolts and eoiw-
qnences, fortune is never favonnbley and he
will not be secure from perils, ^J .j^
Consequent, ^Jba^ mutatalh, Jb tah.
Tbe antecedent and consequent, ^JMrt!!
^yij al mukaddam wattdli.
Consequently, \i^ lihma, «Ji3 J §J^^
falaqfl zalik.
Conservation, Isa^ hajk, ^Is^ mukd-
fa%atf ^Ltf siydnat.
Conservative, laiU- hdjlz, ^\as^ mukd/i.
Conservator, «. laiU- hdJlz.
Conserve, v. lito. ha/a, ^^U sdn ; (fruits,
etc.), \jj^ J.*#x carnal murahbd.
Consider, v. J^U taamtnal,JJj tafakkar.
And she said, 0 my Lord, there is no profit in
weeping. The right opinion is this, thai we
consider a plan by which to protect thy honour,
Uilj IIJI ^ ijJUJ ^X^U viJUi
Considerable (worthy of consideration),
juuil u^^U Bdhib i^ibdr,
mu^ahar, ^^ muhimm.
Considerably, iolo hi %iyddaU
Considerate (prudent), ^Jj
sdhib tadbtr, J5U ^dW.
CON
(661)
CON
ConBiderately, ^Jcj U iadblr, J^l:^
bi taammul*
ConsiderateneBS, ij^^ hoArat Jif ^Jd.
Consideration (matare tlioaght),^^./Sibr,
Sisj iafahkur\ (compenBation)i i^ys.
^wad; (motiye), ^^m,»n,,i sabah. With-
» »
ontooDBideratioDy <0 jn;Ju htghayr ruyat.
My veracity in all that I had said hecame
nuuiifett to him, and he loved me ^atly and
treated me with exceeding consideration, and
did me the hononr of marrying me to his
daughter, ^t^^^T i/ i^**^ ^^J
Consign, v. (give in charge), JLi sallam.
Consignation, consignmeDt, ^^yuta/tpld,
M*\ luT tashm.
Consist, 9. (or be composed of), Ji4&2il
mm
Consistence, consistency (snitableness),
4mmiL^ mandsaiat, iA3\y muwd/akat
(existence), &3^^ umjud.
Consistent (not contradictory, suitable),
^^\i^ j^ ghayr mundkid; (firm,
solid, not fluid), «X42£t« munjamid.
Consistently, i^\:^ Jij hikol mundsahaL
Consolable, ^Jm^\ ^^C«m« mumkin atta'
Consolation, ,JumJ toiaUl, XJuJ tasliyat,
Consolatory, ^5^ffiu^asBl Xu^ tnusaUl,
Console, v. _L> «a2^', ^^^ ^azsa'. And
■he ceased not to sit with her and console her
and to comfort her heart, nntil she was con-
tent; her bosom became dilated, aod she
laughed, and her trouble and the contraction of
her boBom, on account of her separation from
her fomily and home, ceased, JlJ ^^
J!;^
Consolidate v. (makefirm), tX4^ jammad.
i^y kawwa\
Consolidated, JLff:^ muhakkam^
Consolidation, aiAt lahm,j^jahr.
Consonance (of sound), JuJu naghmat,
^li kdfiyat.
Consonant, », 0^^^ ^^ harftahlh.
Consort, «. ^^j tauij, ^y^j raflk.
Conspicuous, jSb^ %dhir, (^^^f^ ma^Hm,
^i^^Mi^ mashhur, i^yyu% ma^rHif, Con-
spicuous for power and honour, Jusr^
fMijld, To be or become conspicuous,
^fujl intihahwr. \jMihdr.
Conspicuousness, conspicuity, \ ^\ A^
Conspiracy, uJllar tahdluf, i»iJb\x^ mu-
^dhadat.
Conspirant, conspiracy, ^Jsc^ muttafik.
Conspirator, conspirer, %, (j^j ^^fiK
(»jLil^L« mutakalif.
Conspire, v. \yi\ssr tahdlafik»
Constancy, ^f^^^«a«i1 istimrdr, CIjlJ sahdL
Constant, u:^Ij sdhit, Jsmj^ mtutakar.
Constantly, /^^y*^\ ,J^ ^o^' addawdm,
Uj^J ddyman.
Constellation, *» j^jf ivrj. The pre-
dominant constellation or star at any
person's nativity, «JIW i&lU, Bom
under a happy constellation (fortunate),
'^Ux«ll JjAau^ ^U? tdli^moi^ikd at-
matdli^
Consternation, ij^^- hayraU
Constipated, tjoyJ^ makbnd. To be
constipated, ^jomS inkahad.
Constipation, ^LaJI inkihdd.
Constituent (elementary), ^J,\S sd^i,
Constituent, s, (person or thing which
constitutes somewhat), ci^^J »dt, J^t
86
coir
(562)
CON
atl, ^jSfj vngnd; (one that dqrates
another), ^^y mmoakhU.
Constitute, v, c,,^^,) noMh^ ^^ ^oyywit
Constituted, i^^yn\^ mamULh ^j^jc^
muta^yinm One constituted or ap-
pointed to an office, i^yAX^ man»&h
Constitution (establishment), c^ ^^^r) tuul,
^ji^ ta^ffln ; (kw, institution), ^y^
kdnun, ^J^ Bhari^ (pi. ^]/^
shardyt^; (system of government),
jfjjj tadhir (pi. cJ\j^^Si tadblrat);
(natural qualities), ^fu^ tablet (pi.
cl^UmiL 'tablet). The constitution
of the body, ^\yt tnwdj.
Constitutional (inherent in constitution),
(J,]j %dti, ^1^\ asli; (legal), ify^
Constitutive (essential), (Jl J %dii, ^X^\
asli, kjj^^ jawhari.
Constrain, v, (to compel), j^ jahar,
Jiff %dUm, aJJI al%am, L,>^>nf. ffhasah,
(to restrain), \a^ dabat, j^^ hasar,
Constrainable, ^:^1 (^Z^***^ mumkm at
man^,j^afZ y^jbar.
Constraint, jy^s^ majh^, (V^ ^^
toMtm. To be oonstrained, ajjJI tltazam.
Constraint (compulsion), L,.-^.rttr ghaah\
(confinement), (>mm»- hahi.
Construct, i;. (build), ^^^«^ ^mmar, ^jj
hana^ ; (to form, arrange), Jqj ntmam.
Construction (building), j^aju ta^lr ;
(arrangement), ^JJ ^<K^lr. Theoon-
struction of one noun with another,
Sj\^\ iddfat. Construction (meaning),
^:j(^ ma^M? (pi. (JU^ ma^dnf),
^^^•mo^ madman ; (explanation), ^^
•harh^j^^MJu tafilr; (judgment), 4JAC
Construe, p* (to explain), ^^ skarak ;
(to suppose), ^y farad.
CouBubstantial, ijuJg «3^ ,/WtJ tatl^ai.
Consul, 9. (chief magistrate of a place),
Consult, «• (to ask advice), ^luL2«t\ tiiff-
«Adr. To oonsult together, I^^^UJ
tashdwan*. When I return to my
mother, and oonralt her on thii subjecty sbe
will not allow me to do it ; therefore I will
not return to her, and neyer consolt her.
Consult, consultation, ij^JSi*^ nuukKo*
rat ; (an assembly or council), (^^j£«3
dltPdn, ^/AsT* majtis. After oon-
sultation, lf,yu^\ Oju ^^(? oj
warat. A person consulted, jIIcl
Consumable, ^Irj yujUaf.
Consume, «. (spend, waste, desAzoy),
^j^ kharqf, uJ^ wr<{f, cJlj ^o/id^,
_i5t a/na'. [[jnotrM/.
Consumed, fj$^ muttdkal, s^^ja^
Consumer,^. c-al.r^ mtt^/t/, uJ^^.^^ mumf.
Consummate, v. ^ tammam. [IdmQn
Consummate, J^X^ mukammalg ^J^l^
Consummation, a\aj\ t^mdm, c)e<*^
Consumption, Ci_ilLjfl tUdf, \^jc wrf,
^\jJ\ iirdf. The consumption
(disease), J^i sUL
Consumptive, t^Jlrx^ mutlif; (having a
consumption), J^um^ maslul. [lamt^
Contact, JLoJt ittisdl, ^j»t^ mat, ^j^
Contagion, h\a\ udbat, iAj^ Mordyaif
bj wabd, i^^«X£ ^adwU
Contagiou8| ,^0j^ mu^dl, i^L* «dfL
CON
(568)
CON
Contain, • . ^^\ Mau^, Jii^\ «A-
tamai. To contain 9r restrain oneself.
Containable, t^f^ yahUHPi,
Contained, Jy%JL^ nmhmal^ ^f"^^
Contaminate, r. ^^/m^ nqffM*
Contaminate, contaminated, ^/insfT nafee^
k^9i^^ muiauwas. [Uiiawwa$,
Contamination, ZJist:* najdioi, (^D^
Contemn, v,Jbsj>A (htakar, ^Ut mh&n*
Contemned, ^If^ muhdn, tJJ data, jJi»^
Contemner, «• ,jf^ muhiin.
Contemplate, v, ^\i taammaly JJb\j^
Bhdhad, ^Lt t&la^ Bo I wondered,
and I raised my head, and, oontemplatuig
that object attentiTely, I saw that it was a
bird, of enormoiu size, hnlky body, and wide
wings, flying in the air ; and this it was that
oonoealea the eyes from the son, and reiled it.
^ CuJ^Uj ^\j
'J3
W?> \j^»^\ ^^ ^ S^\ fy
Ccmtemplation, Hju^LyL^ mmK&hadat,
(J^'ij taammid,
CentemplatiTe, J^*\s^ muiaammil,jiis^
mmiafakkir. Contemplatiye Boienoe, Jle
i^yOiiS ^m attasawwttf* The oon-
templatire sciences, ii^iJuiH] u^U^l
al ma^rtf al ma^wiyaL
Contemporary, ^U^ mu^nr.
Contempt (scorn), ij\ib\ ihdnai, j\Ss,^\
Mik&r.
Contemptible, ^Iki^I ^J^m^ mnutdhik
miiktiidrfjJ^>' hakirtjSs^s:^ muktakar.
Contemptiblenessy ij\A>^ hakarat,j\Ss^\
Contemptibly, if^lS>. JSj Ithl haidrat.
Contanptnoos (proad),^^Jc;^ mutakMir.
Contemptnonaly, ^j^^ ^^ hawafMn
Contend, r. ^^Isi- ibkUsm, JjU^/ddM,
cj\j nd%a^, iJ^ $dra^^
Content (satisfaotios), \^j ridd, ^Ijj
hamd^oL Contents (whaterer is con-
tained), ^^4mm maim^m* The o(m-
tents of a book, <^l:;j3l ^y^»^ mad-
wQ» al hiiah, A table of contents,
iim^j^fahrasat. The substance of thd
contents of the letter, ^y4*a/i\ iJiS^
IhaldBat al madmHn,
Cbntent, contented, i^^j rdil. To be
content, ^j rail. To content, ^^j
Contention (strife), A^^^iOsL khuiUmat,
icjL^ mandMO^; (emulation), ij^
gl&rat or ghayrai. [mukkdnm.
Contentious, ^J^ ffimtdsi^, wls^
Contentioosly, icj\i^jL{ htlsol mand-
na^at. C^J^ nd»a^.
Coniost,s.i^jL^mand»a^ai. To contest.
Contestable, Jl£jL« ^ flM mandm^.
Context, ^jS^ matn.
Contexture, ^^^^Ji ta/rW>.
Contiguity, contiguonsness, ^L^IU maUd"
aakat, c-^ kurh, jLaJl ittisdl.
ContiguooB, Jm^IU fmddsik, Ju^ mut*
tatHy c^^ karlb.
Continence, l^\:c>sA iftmdh, Slz ^jffbt.
Continent, Ai^tj ndhid, ^^ mutawar^
Continently, fj^ J.^ htkd wara^.
Cq^tingence, contingency, jUjI Utt/dk,
eJ^ loahl^
Contingent, ^^Jo^ Jdrl, iJ jU. hddiiat
ContingenUy, ^UUjI ittifSilm.
CON
(664)
CON
Continual, *j[\ J ddyiM. [tMQan*
Gontinaally UjI J ddyman^ JLaL* miiU'
Continuance, continuation, l^^S^ madd"
wamatf /^^yi dawdm, ^lyt muwdMhai,
Continue, v. jas^S ktimar, fji Idtam,
4.^\j wd%ab. They continued tiie
rejoicings and public festiTitieB, the iUrnni-
nations, and decorations of the city, for a
period of seTon dayi, in the utmost happiness
and enjoyment, Li^j!i\^ r!/'^ \^liii
Continued, /»jltX^ muddwam. Con-
tinuedly (without interruption)^ ti
clkftil hild inkiid^, Ci/J^ tahwwl.
Contortion, LocHI ^r^f^^ in^wdj al a^id,
Contraband, ^y>A^ mamnU^ See Pro-
hibition, Illegal, Illicit.
Contract, v. (to draw togetiier),
. jatna^, ^ damm; (tobetrotfae),
Ihatdb. To enter into a contract, 4j<4bC
^•^ ^mid thur^t. To contract the
• Tisage (frown), ^^^MMkC^a^iM. To contract
. acquaintance or friendship, k«.*^»-L0
9dhab. To contract a habit, Jyu
ta^awtoad. To contract debt, ^;J«3J
tadayyan.
Contract, », (bai^n), j\j\i hdadr, )e>jJ^
short (pi. ^jj^ thurUt), A contract
of peace, J^\ OAc ^akd asiuih.
Con tractable, ijMO&Jt ^jL^^ mumiin al
takslr.
Contraction (abridging), tl«flifi>^ViiA^Mar,
j\»asj\ iktisdr. Contraction (of the eye-
brow, etc.), ^/mmC ^ahs.
Contracted (drawn together), Jt^ioi^ mim-
dam ; (agreed upon), v^m^ mashrikL
8he then said. I went yesterday to the young
lady, and, when Bhe beheld me with broken
heart and weeping eye, she said to me, 0 my
iinat, wherefore £ 1 see thee with contracted
heart? (j:.^;^ ij^\ ^1^ U u:
« JuJ\ iJLJ • And his anxiety and grief
increased, and his breast became eontracted,
on account of the Song Bedr, ^^aJb J^
jiA; viCUll j-U JfjXa jU sij lA^
Contractor, «. JfOe muia^MM,
Contradict, v, ^jai\j ndkad.
Contradictor, ^^^l:^ mundkid.
Contradiction, ^\ij iandhmd, Las^
mandkadat.
Contradictory, uJ!l^ mukhdltf, ^il;^
mundkid, ijo^L^ tnankud.
Contraposition, iJjU^ mukdhalai.
Contrariety, contrariness, i«!l^ jmc2^-
lafat, U!is^\ ikhtHdf, li didd.
Contrarily, contrariously, contraziwiae,
uJl>. UiOdf, ^11^ diddan.
Contrary, t^jUlsr^ miikhdlif, t,4*w
khildf, ^jas\:^ mundkid, jAk^ mvyh"
dyir. Contrary to justice, ^^t^'v■
^j£b\ hhildf al hak. Contrary to nature,
JuuJa! \ uJL^ khOdf attablcot. Con-
trary to oustom, jliii^l 4»il^ JMdf
al mu^d.
Contrary, «. Uihs^ khildf, Ip didd.
Contraries do not meet (a proverb),
Contrayene,9.uJlls>-ilAdi0/^ u^j^ ^drw^
Contribute, t^. (pay tribute, etc.), ^ J
t^Uclt da/a^attakdn/.
Contribution (tribute), f^^j ruiiim. Ex-
traordinary contributions, l^j^ Ay^j
rmikm ^fiyat. [a^m.
Contributor, «. (^y^\ ^^^ ^fit.
Contrite (much worn, bruised), jr<
maahuk ; (worn with sorrow), b.ii.i'^l:^
,muUiai$if.
CON
(565)
COS
Contrition^ oontriteness, cX«'U taatiuf,
ZJ\jj nadamai, j\mSj\ inkiidr.
Contrivance, 9^j^ tlMwA^ t:f\s^ fjdd,
ktJ^S£>^ ihddi, ^JcjI Miia^, ^^\
ibda^.
Contrive, •. J^yrj amfai, ^/^^ Mtart^^,
^jcjI ihtada^ i^S^\ ahdaa. I wish
to obtain one glanoe at her, though my
death be the ooiueqiienoe ; oontriye, tiierefore,
some Btratagem for me, that I may see her,
Contriver, t. ^J^V* mubtad%^t lL
muhdit, *^y mUfid.
Control, JlLU^ mukdhdat.
Control, V. (accoimts), Jjli h&ldl ; (to
govern), S^- hakam..
CoQtrollable,kMaJf ^jL^^^ mumkm addabL
Controller, «. (of acoonnts), J^Ia^ nm^
kdhih Superintendent^ ^^j^\ amln;
(a roler), fia\j ndum, Jij^ nmdabhkf
^Ij wdll. [ai mukahUat,
CootroUerBhip, XLIa^\ y^*^'*^ mamab
Controversial, t<^ lahA,
Controversy, ZJjlsr* muf&idlat, &^L«
mubdhasat.
Controvert, ir. ci..«>-U hdhat, ^^cf^^-jddai.
Controvertible, ibb».L« ^ fthi nrnbd-
Contamacioa8^jjU^intf^dmJ,t3u:^^afili?.
Continnaok>nfll7,if^lid^ JL Ukol ^aadwai.
Contunacionsness, oontninaoy, jLe ^
n&d, Oj4j tomanid.
Contamdionsly, \jf^\i hi Uitha, J^
^iX^ Utel mmammaif ];«Aae? iahr
kiran. [ikdnat^ \jfJ\ %Hihad.
Contamelionsnefls, oontnmely, 4jLjb\
ContOMon, ^^ har$, ^j rod, Jsf^ sahk.
Convaleeoenoe, U^ ikqfd, ^\ *^jJ'
ia^\ altawqjffuk M awMat.
Convalescent, yj^j^ y^ ^i^ k&ym wm
cimairad.
Convene, v. (bring together), ^^jmma^
Convenience (fitness, propriety), ^U
las^dkai, LJc^mundiobat, iAi\y mn-
wdfakai.
Convenient, i-*-Jr^^ «^4;*i Ji* %**»
»L« mmdM, (ji^y muwdjik.
Conveniently, iA3\y J^ hikol mtMdfih
kai, iLrfL^ J^ hikot mund9ahat.
Convent,^ J Aijrr. See Abbey, Monastery.
Convention, *. j^^JuBT* ««y7iw ; (contract),
jUjI ittifik.
Conversablej^Ufij ytda^dihar.
Conversant, y^^^ cJJ^j wdUf ^fl&',
Conversation, XiilC* mvkalamat, S^U^
mu^dtharatyij^is^fmi^warat Cheer-
ful oonversation, ijlUP ^hrat, A
man agreeable in conversation, c. ^>'Up
ijLs. sdhib ^hrat. After meat con-
versation (Arabian proverb), /^UU^ ^^
Mi£\ ha^ atta^m d kdldm. Then
they ^em. pL) went in to their brother and
Balnted him, and they saw that hia cfaarmB
had become altered, ais complexion sallow.
ikim^ and they saw that his charms
jome altered, ais complexion sallow,
and his body lean ; wherefore they wept in
pity for him, and sat with him, and cheered
him, and comforted his heart by conrersation,
Converse, «. Sij takMam, i.^.^iX.nr*
tahadda%y\,.;.'^\^ t(Udhab,J*kA lakask.
And I conyersed with him till bedtime, when
he prepared for me a place in this shop, and
bronghtmeahedandooverlet,Vi£^jW^
CON
(666)
COO
Conversioii, c-^JuSj feifcftj, l-J^Sj Aiit-
«//u5, c^lftJl ffi^'M^. ConTerdon (in a
religiousseiwe), iy tawhta^ ^\ ^j>l)^
Convert, v. (change), J*xj &id^^
ghayyar ; (to appropriate to any use),
^^^cua^ hhaB9a9 \ (to be ohanged), ^^
Convert, I. J^^ ibi(Al/. See Proselyte.
Converter, «. 4...Ji^ mnkaUtb. The
converter of hearts, s^^t k^^ZjL%
mukallA W ladfLh.
Converted, 4-JlLw^ munkalth, c-^jlX«
Convex, i— .^ mukaUak. c^^xsr* mti-
• • •
Convey, i^. JiJ naib/.
Conveyance (carrying), Jij nakl\ (pass-
•^)' J^ ^«*ar; (assigning), ^^-Lj
i^^lm, ^j--*j to^yfn.
Convict V. (of gnilt), c:-J^ «»*«^' (to
confate), ^K!l Jfjrad4tl ialdm, ^U
Convict^ oonieioted, a^Ici^^^iimm^iZ^
Conviction, CL^UI i«l^d/. Conviction of
gnilt, Aye\ lzjLj\ isbdt ajJMrm.
Convince, «. uu^f •a«ia^, ^;i htmti^.
Convincible, ^»k>i yuniani^
Convincing, ^:JU muknt^, A convinc-
ing proof, lsf^\j Ji?" Atj^^ wddifmt.
Convinciii^ly, j^ia^ i:>-y ^' tM/^n
Convivial, |»jjJ fMeftm. Convivial enter-
tainment, convivaHty, «, JliL^ diyOfat.
A convivial companion, a^ jj naiim.
Convocate, convoke, v. Uo dls^d. To
convoke an assembly w coi
Convocation, ^UitA^i iyc^ du^mdtgjjmh
^iyat. A convocation, ^^^Jlst^ sM^Tcir,
Convoy, «. (road-^^oide), Jj)^ J liate/; (a
travelling guard), yu ghafar.
Convoy, v. kil^ A4/2». To convoj by see,
jiU yAd^, laiU- ^/», ^\j rafek.
Convulse, v. Ji3 nakal. The convnlBiaDs
of a mad dog «r of a person bit, i^
Convulsive, t^Jt* mtdnwwl.
Coo, V. (as a dove), u,c» i&0^.
Cook, «. ^llt tabdkJL A oook-ioom,
Cook, «. .^ to^M.
Cooked, ^^fk« maihikkh. Th^ had
prepared for tbemaelves fire-pots, and tiier
lit the fires in them. Their oocnpatioiis vere
▼arioQi; aome cooked, othera waabed, aad
others amnaed themaeWee. I waa among thoee
who were amusing themselves, . jJt
j\j^\ L^ \j^j\j ^^1/ ^ 1^
-^J^ er* ft^ j^l*-S»^ c;
^ j^ J^ iir* (4^jcMi J^ c)
Cookery, ^J^ MM.
Cool, «^b 3drti. Constituttonally cool,
^];Jt i^Jj hdrid 4a »tt^'.
Cool, «. 0r make cool, J^ hmmd; (to
become cool), «3^ iMrad. To beoome
cool or indifferent in anytiiing, ^
Cooled (grown cold), J^U harid.
Cooler, <. (a vessel in which anything is
cooled), Oj^ mmiarrid. [imrlLisi.
Coolly (withoQt heat), if J^ JL Mbl
coa
(667)
COB
ir
Coolnessy ifjj^ hur^ukU.
Coop, 8. (for fowls), ijoij htfuj ^ bm.
Coop, V. (^/oaaIU ^^ €90^0^ M kafu.
Co-operate, r.^^^jl^Jju^J \jk>-l*XcL»
Co-operation, iscXut^ mus&^adaL
Co-operative, Aflyyt^ musd^id, .
Co-operator, 9. fj^j ra/ikf J-mIU C^^-i
sharik hil^amal.
Co-ordinate, iUyt J^ ford fMrtdbai,
Copartner, >. clioy^ tAoriit.
Copartnership, cJ\jiJL\ UMirdh, iS\jJU
ihardkat.
Copied, J^a:^ manhaJf fy*^^ MOHfilU.
Copier, copyist, «. JiU itdM,
Coping (of a wall), i^le ^alSwai,
Copions, j^ iaar, fJijs^jaal, ji\^ fo&fir,
^\^ wdfl, jg>-\j %dlMr,jiJc ghMr,
Copiously, ]j^ koilran, etc.
CopioQsness, ij^ kasrai, etc.
Copper, {jM\strnahd8*
Copper, 8, (caldron), ^|j3 kiMn. Copper
mines, (jwnlar^Jjt/t nu^^dan nahdi.
Coppersmith, «. ^/mW* imM^.
CoppeiasyyJf;*! -.V; %af aihdar.
Coppery, ,^1^^ luiAdH. [uMudl.
CJopnlate, 9. (nmte), ^qVip ^tf^» J«f^
C^opolation, dit^Lsr* mtf^sM^a^, ^Jip
iatmj.
• Copuktive, ,^^^ wcutl. A oopolatiTe
conjunction, <— alir uJ^ to/ ^a(f.
^7> •• (not an original), ii^ fmkha^^
ijya iHmUi (fonl' draft), iOy**^ mu^
9moioadat.
^Py, ^. Ja) naM.
Coqoet, v.j^xJC taglwndar.
Coquetry, ijiyix> ghandaraU
Coquette, «. jjjJ^ ghandur.
Coral, J^j^ ma/KJdm. A coral bead,
S^Kp^y marfdnat^
Cord, ». J*:>- habl
Cord-maker, «. JV>- AtfiMZ.
Cordial (sincere, hearty), ^^ i«^J,
-.fjMi^MwIml ; (invigorating, exhila-
rating), ^jibm tnujrihy ^fc^ mwJA^".
Cordially (heartily), L-JiS^ j^--^-^ ^j;^
^a» samlm al kali.
Cordwain, Corduban or Morocco leather,
jjUair* iokktigdn.
Coriander, 2fj^ bmbora. Coriander
seed, \jyJ\ L^ kMat auawdd.
Cormorant, «. (bird), JjjLA oifarod*
Com, 4,,»jgj>> Atf^a^. A single com or
graiui ^U»> hdbhat* A corn-merchant
or chandler, ^y*^ ^, hayyd^uhuh
Cornelian, «. /jJt^ &a£f£.
Corneous (resembling hom), ^^^ Jl^
Comer, «. aj^\j tdwiyaU The exterior
comer of the eye, ^;-J^ l-^ J «w»ii a/
Comet, 8. (trompet), Jfy Jfl*,^;-i3 no/^r;
(a8tandard-bettrer)j;b j\j^bayrakddr.
Cornice, 8. ?jifi ^aldwat [kamayin.
Comigerous (homed), ^Ji^y^^J^ *^ «'
Corollary, 8. ^^^ nadjat, a\aj\ ttmdfn.
Coronation, 8. (ju^jullU, J-1^ takhl,
Coronet, ^\j tdj.
Corporal (relating to the body), iJ«Xi
iadani, t^Xm>- ja8adl; (material),
(jUyuif^ jttmdnU
C(a^9XLj,^^S**i^^fyjhfnaw^nja8adl.
Corporate, amaocu mv^^'dSMtm.
COB
(568)
008
Coiporation, i,ls\A^jamd^, iij^ ^^\
MMrfai.
Coiporealy ^iUuM>-ytiMPidni.
Corpee, #. iLprjV^-
Corpalencey corpnlencyy i>JLm>' jatdmai.
Corpulent^ M^Mts^ja^m*
Correct, r. (pnnish), i^lc ^dkab, ^jfO^Xi
tdsat ; (to amend), ^ miOdh.
ioOah, Jt9^ mmahhah.
Correotion (paniBhmeiit), c^Ue ^tkdi,
djjke. ^ukubat; (emexDdation),
Correctly, i»^ Ji) hikol sahhai, JG
iJ J »»ib; dOkat.
Correctnees, Is^ idhhat, ZJj dikkat.
Coirector, «. (poniaher), v_^fU-t mucd-
if3 ; (an amender), ^-^ muulUK
Correlati7e,^JybJM• i9UiiMill^,^>-V^ r<l;V^.
Correlatiyelj, JLj fiM^a^ofi.
Correspond, v. (suit), j^lj w^a/ajfc, jjlt
UiAak. To correspond by letter, v_n7\^
Corre8pondence(smtablene68), J^Ail^ mu-
trd/o^^, JciblL« rniOdhakat; (inter-
ooorse), Jlj)U ^aldkat, JJ^ taraddud.
A literary correspondence, LlUU m«-
kdtabiU, iXJj^ murdsalat, 0 my
none, and what ia the remedy for desire ?
The remedy, answered she, is aninteryiew.
And how can that be obtained P asked she.
And the other replied, By correspondence,
gentle words, many compliments, and saluta-
tions, *^'jJ c:JU A\jii\ MjJUj JjbLj
^L^\ j\t^\j ^Ki\ ^^ a-i^b
Correqpondenti oorresponsiTe (suitable),
muMik
Carrespondenty $. l-^IC« wtui&Ub.
Corrigible (amendable), ^1^S\ ^;^
mmnlm al udak ; (punishable), k.-'^l^
Corroborate, «. Ju^ 9hmfyad, ^^ hawwi.
Corroborated, «/^ fMkaimD^^ OJ^
mMoyffad.
Corroboration, ^^aJ idhoiffat, Ju,y£J
Corroboratiye, oorroborant, v/^^a^ «a-
Corrode, 9. J^t ajb/, ^^^ Mm.
Corroded, J^'lL* mii^Aub?.
CorrosiYe, Jj^l oibl/.
Corrupt, 9. JuMil d[/k<?. To oonupt
(bribe), \JUj roikd, Jt^ hartal.
Corrupt, JudU /d«ii, Jy«X« mafiAd.
Corrupter, #. Juui« mufaid.
Corruptible, jImaII JjU idhHalfaidi.
Corruption, jLJ fudd; (matter in a
sore), ^ ioyiA; (bribery), J-t^
hartil, iyJ^j rathwai. (alfatdd.
Corruptive, jLi]t ^\ JjU mdytJ libi'
Corruptly, jLi J^ Siib/ /a«dif.
Corruptness, jUmaII ify jbiuw^ alfatdd.
Cosmetic, ^jm*^^ m«Aa«M», Ju^ aw-
na^^m. [thmyawi.
Cosmical (relating to the world), ^^O
Cosmographer, «. LjjJt w^ \^j\^^drif
hi ra9m addunyd.
Cosmographical, Lj «x!l a«^ * , *j-' -t Mm-
ffli 2eiraMi addtaiyd.
Cosmography, iJ jJI £jb Ai^o^ addmyd.
Cost (charge), ^j^ iharf; (prioe),i4-J
iimai; (loss), ^]^ mi«2iimi^.
Costly, adf. ^U ;Ad^. So they pie-
pared for him a hundred loads of the most
cov
(569)
COU
costly Btaft, £jU a! \^ d^ J Sm
Cost, V. ujl^ ib^Zf^f. I boQgbt ber for
two thonaand pieces of gold, and I hare been
trayelling witn her for three ^^ears. It has
cost me until my arriTal at this place three
thousand pieces of gold ; and she is a present
from me to tiiee. Upon this the king con-
ferred upon him a magnificent robe of honour,
and gave ordras to present him wiUi ten thon-
aand pieces of gold, _i)U \fjjJ^\ \j\
GoatiTeness, ^LS^f inkibdd.
Cotemporary, c:uJ^ J^ ford uhM,
Cottage, 9. cote or cot, ^^f Hkh.
Cotton, ^Jai loin. A cotton dresser,
^lU. hdHdj. The art of dressing
cotton, iL>-i>* hiUdjat, Made of cotton,
Conch, 9. ^]ji fird9h. A travelling
conchy ^^j cu.ck? takkt rawdn. And
on the conch there was a young lady resem-
bling the shining sun. Eyes had not beheld
one more beantiral. Upon her was a garment
of brilliant pearls, ^J^jlj^^ L<^9
Covenant, «. Jfc ^ahd^ )efjJs 9hart, J^
itHoL
Covenant^ v. IfjJ^ 9harat.
Coyer, «. Iki ^Ao^. A coyer (pretext),
ji3kf ^far, He. ^tUai; JJaJ ta^ul;
(defence},^) L^ «f^dna^,X^Uk>- himdytU.
Coyer, ir. ,JL& ghoM. To coyer (as a
hen hw* eggs), ^^^^^^^ Xodbn. To
coyer (as ahorse does a mare), Jio tdh.
Coyerlet, 9. i^U! lOdf.
Coyet, r. , ^fJi»\ uhtaha?. Then makest
Sr
prcTail the lore of raiment that thou coretest,
0T6r desire of recompense that thou mightest
earn (ue. Thou preferrest to get a dress which
thou ooretesty rather than to obtain the reward
for a good action), c^ji S"^^ ^*-r^J
Coyeted, ^ M**^ matrnf^^fth.
Coyetoos, w^lL tdmi^ ,
Coyetoosly, wit J^ bikol iama^
Covetousness, w^k tama^*
Cough, <l!jwi 9a^at.
Cough, «. Jjim) m^oJ. The noise made
when coughing, ^C&la^ noAnaAtf^.
Council, f. jjJuB^ ma;7ft, i!fiUs»- yamd-
t^^» uW"^ i^t^dn, JacT* mahfai. A
general council, aU ^^^v> dlwdn ^dm,
A priyy council, ^Ici* jj^^*^ <ftfcraii
Counsel (advice), ijy^ mashwarat,
i^fOj noMat. Good counsel, 4^1^
u^SU ray <AiM. Bad counsel, 4^'lj
JudU ray f(l9id.
Counsellor of state, 9. jij^ walr (pL
\jj^ ioaaard), jJL^ nnuhlr. Coun-
sellors of state, ^^j^jJ^ S^Vj^ orftdi
addlwdn, [akoMlr.
Counsellorship, jlj^^ i^^a\f9 mamab
Count, V, s^^*\^ hd9ab, J^ ^o^, c,>iim»»
Aa«aft. To count (esteem),^^«icW'^^ar.
Count, c^Uu^ AMdi.
Countenance, Aai^ immsor, ij^ <ilra^,
^^ tra;A. A beautiM countenance,
jM«i>- ^^ wafh Jamil; (favour, pro-
tection), <^U^ himdyat.
Countenance, 9. JkfiLt «d^ai, ^^ Admo*.
Countenancer,f.^^Ur^ muhdml^ iXf.L<M<
Counteract, 9. uJlU^ hhdlafy ^^ ^rad.
Counterbalance, 9. iL! jIil« mu^dddlat*
CGU
(670)
COU
Counterbalance^ 9. Jjle ^dalf a^U
kdwam,
Connferfeit, i. (ooimferfeiti impostor),
ghadddr* Connteifeit (impoBtore),
Counterfeit, oonnterfeited, jjjj^ mmmo^
Counterfeit, r. jJj kaUad,j^J wawwar. '
Cotinterfeitly, \j^ ^hadram, ]ji3p
Coontermand, 9, L^\i^y^\ amr makkd'
Countennand, 9. ^^^^ naJbu^
CoontermaFob, «. U u^JLk^UwJi^^
Coontermarcb, «• l« uJIoT^^ImjiSIj^
1 4Xfi]U 2r^l Myyor <iZ ^oidkir hi IMaf
Countermark, «• iL«lL «3u0 ^le ^aldmat
didd ^aldmai, [li^hm.
Countermine, 8. Ji ti^ Ji lifkm didd
Countermine, v. Ji Ji^ Ji J^^^c ^amdl
lighm didd lighm. [didd harahat.
Conntermotion, SSj^ Xi SS^ karaiat
Countermure, «• (wall behind wall), ivU-
jr^A^ jLJS ^Vf^ hayet mmlmt^ li imi&d
ghayroK
Countematural, ^jlJ^j^ ghayr tdbl^.
Connteipane, t. iji\ Jam» uJU? ^Ad/
fhughud tbrai.
Counterplea, «• S-^i^ jaw&h.
Counterplot, «. uJSlo^^Jlci^W'^aM-
Ai/ ^o/o' tdkdhrf.
Countezpoifie, b. ^j<y muwdaanai.
ConnterpoiBon, amJI Xa didd atrnm.
Counter-security, a^jiJL^ JLiU^ kafdlat
muahtaraiat [o^^dftr.
Counting-bouse, «• ,s^UI ^«i"«C^ makM
CounilesSy <^Lm>>]Ij hUd hiM.
Country, «. (region), jL &i20i^ (pL jIj
MZaiQ; (native), ^^9^ waian ; (people),
Jjbl aA2. A native country, ^^
^cA«A^ waian haJAkl.
Country (mstio), ^^ harri.
Countryman, s. .li/iSilA.
Couple, «. «p.j|j sm^'.
Couple, 9. (marry), _jjj wwwof.
Coupled, J^^ mawiiil. Coupled in
matrimony, ^^y* munawfixi^.
Couplet, u:-^ hayL
Courage, JlcLb^ ihafd^ai, **)jS^ /aratfi.
We feared that, if we kUled one of tbem, or
Btnick him, or droye him away, they would
kill US, on aoeonat of their exoemve nam-
her; for numbers prevail against ooniagB,
Courageous, ^Is^ iha/d^, uf^j^"'^*
Courier, ^<cL« 'd^l, Ala^iy jw»l0.
Course, #• (race), uJ^ tiharaf; (laoe-
ground), ^^a-^ mli^n; (way), ^Jo
iarik, ^^^^f^ mihil; (succession), His^
kkUdfati (custom), ijle ^ddai; (me-
tbod), <^jLtl a«te5. A wster*ooarse,
'U^^ tarikma.
Court, «. (palace), j«^ ibwr. A court of
justice, X^ilsr^ makkamai, A court
before a bouse, ^^ Li sdkat, ^^j^^ saAn.
A court or quadrangle, £>-L« fd^.
A court in inns wbere they load cara-
vans, etc., ^\^ kkdn. Tbe court or
retinue of a prince, i»«3^ aAijv- Jbi-
«Aam tra ilAiu20m. And we entered
this pavilion, and found in it a wide open qpaee,
like a wide large court, wU D^;. jj
j^\ ^Ijll u^'
CBA
(570
CBE
Court, r. (flatter), jL« MoOoi. Tooonrt
a woman, Jhm«j& ^oshAf Zi^\j^\
mhar al muhabhai. Tooonrtorsolioit,
%m;^)ff tdlabf ^jitAS^\ iUmHOi*
Comteoos, i^jAi iMf. See AfhUe.
Conrteooflly, calaJj Mii^.
CoorteBan, courtezan, t. IJL^^ pihuhai.
Coortesy, conrteonaness, oonrtliness, ^1^
Mfd/^, J^iUai Uiid/at. But praise be
to God for thy safety! Then lie treated me
villi benefieraoe and honour, canaed me to
draw near to him, and began to cheer me with
con7erBationandeonrte8y,^tX4h^t^^
Coonn, s. (uncle's son), a^ ^\ ibn ^am;
(annt*s son), ^U. ^1 ibn ihdU ; (re-
lation), u^yi jMrih,
Cow, «. 2r^ ^oibm.
Coward, «• ^J^fS^jabd% JjJ fUuK
Cowardice, cowardliness, Z}L>-/fSd9ui/,
Coxoomb, «• (a vain boaster), yji^^
midabdhl; (the oomb of a cock), ^l7
CSjSi\ tdj adHl.
Coxcombical,^^ li f&jir. {wdkkt^r.
Coy, JHc^ss^ mUhUukim. To be coj,J»^
Coyness, L>- hayd^jKi^ wAar.
Crab, ^U?^ mtMm.
Crack, «. (chink), Jh& «Ai£ (pL J^
•AtfihlA;). Cracks in mountains, jfo
sygh^r ; (a flaw, defect), ^jtAi naii.
Crack, r. (split), ^Jj^ thak, )ojJ^ iharat.
Cradle, tXf« makd (pi. J|^ muhui).
Crafb, craftiness (fraud), ^^ fytafa*, ^tJu>.
kiktf J4X& ghadr. Craft (trade, art),
CrqftUy, ''ijjj^yA^dr^m. [^oU. JU4A'^,
Crafty, ^«^:^lU«ia{d^fi^t,^1 Jl£ ghadddr,
Cram, v. ^Ji*^ htuh^, [muhBhl.
Crammed, yJ*Am^ wwhttuiklj ^J^*-^^
Cramp, JLL^ moihial, [huMr.
Cramp, v. (confine), ^J^^ iayyahy joi
Crane, 9. (bird), J(/ hrhi (pi. ^/J/
JUrditi); (a machine for raising great
weights), ^y^fcLt moii^ii, Ia«^^
Crash, «. iUi^ h^ha^tnt.
Crave, v. u-^^Jit ^oM, ^^»tAsi\ ittatnoi.
Craunch, «• ^^ karia^f ^j3j waihudt.
Crawl, r. ^^fc> iM, g^ lor^*, t— ir^J
wahaf.
CraiinflH (imbecility), JlAff!\ ZiUr* taka*
fat al ^akl, Js^ (^K*; (o^ mind),
uJyS^ iharaf.
Crazy, ^^Jj^n^^ db^f/,J>>lfi ^ofts; (broken
witted), t^jS^ munkharif, ^y»^
mafnun, ^;^/>• kharfUn^ [iti^^.
Cream, Jk^:^ kaymak^ is^J ksthta, ijjj
Crease, «. (fold), 4^^^ Mtf^tra' (pi.
i^^lk<« »ui^dirf).
Crease, r. ^^jl? tawa\
Create, v. j;L;^ £Aa£fi(, ^j^ Mna^ ; (to
investor appoint), ^^4»,^9amma\ \^ ^»nf
naaah.
Created, J^^i^ makUak.
Creation, iSi^ khalkat.
Creative (having the power of creation),
jIU. khalik, j]l^ nwktdik.
Creator, #. ^\t>^ khdlik, fc/Jwt mubdl.
The Creator of the universe, j)U^
CL^bl^t kkaOdk d UyndL The
Creat<Mr of demons and men, Jj^
^^\^^\khdll(lkt^%n¥f(anAi. The
Creator of the wonders of the worP
CBE
(572)
CEI
JUS1 c^U^ jlf^ khaOdk ^aj&yib
Creature^ «. (J^^^ maWnh, £^L^
maJMukat (pi. C^U^Uf* mai^/flJ^O'
^aJl^;^ Ichal^Jcat (pi. JjIU^ iE;Aa/dyi&).
Creatures (all things which God has
created), ^OJI jJ^f^U mS Jl^^ dlah.
A rational creature, j;Ll3 ^y^ hay-
iffdn ndttk. An irrational creature,
^\j j*c \^^ys^ hayio&n ghayr ndttk.
She captiyateth aH creatures with her eyes ;
and it seemeth aa though they were her slayes,
^^Ull ^^l^* Ifr^ (j-^Wl ^^j
Credence (belief); jUs^l i^ikdd, oU&el
i^mdd, ^UjI fmdft. '
Credential, ^^oUicI i^ttkadi.
Credibility, credibleness, oUs^U'^^mdcif.
Credible, j^sj^ fnu^iaiar, Jy^sjL^ mu^
tamadf jUicSl c^^^jSm^ mustaiffftb
al i^mdd, [tahkikan.
Credibly, IjUclcI i^m&dan, UgiaT
Cifedit (honour, reputation), jLiel i^ti-
hdr, uJ^ iharaf. Of no credit,
jUifl \ bUd i^ibdr ; (testimony),
ij\^ thahddat; (authority), ^Jj
kudrat; (confidence,belief),^Ujhmdfi,
oU&cl t^imdd, jIaix^I i^ikdd. To
sell upoB credit, ^^jdb ^Ij jd^ &i7
<2(i^. Credit (promise), tXfu ta^hhud.
Credit, 9. (beHeve), Jis^l i^takad; (to
trust, confide in), tX^^c^l i^tamad; (to
give credit, or lend), ^^ karad; (to
give credit or do honour to any person
or thing),^^^1 i^tdbar.
Creditable, j^sjl^ tnu^tabar, Cy%>>|^
j\fSx!i\ wdjib al i^ibdr.
Creditableness, ^Lxfil i^ibdr.
Creditably, ;,Uc\ JC> bikol i^Ubdr.
Creditor, s, ^ J^ mudayyin, ^ijC- yhoffmj
^i>S\ L^^0^^\^ idhib addln.
Credulity, credulousness, jUs^St Jj^J
»awd al i^iikad.
Credulous, jl&xllt ^^Mrfc o^ t^ikdd.
Creed, a. (^Ujlt L^y ^ i^niin a/ fividii.
Creek, s. (of the sea, etc.), ijf^)^ MoJ^'.
Creep, r. uJ>-) so^.
Crepuscle, j;i^ «Aff/U (pi. j\!dL\ aahfil.
Crescent (new moon), JlLb haldl (pL
iLUf ahUM).
Crescent, crescive (growing), 15^^ n&mlL
_^U ndihlf ks^lj n4^*^.
Cress, cresses (herb), c\JLj roAdd.
Water-cresses, i^ karral, U11 iALj
raahdd al md, \^\j^jg^ jaryir al md.
Crest, <• ij^ kumbarat*
Crested, f ^ ^ ^0^ kumbarai.
Crevice, «. jji /u/j^, Jh^ «^^.
Crew, «• JuU>- jamd^ai. The crew of
a ship, ^yS^V dlhahriyat. And I
found a handsome new yeasel, with saili of
oomely canyas. She had a nnmerons crew,
and was snperfluonsly equipped, and I cansed
my bales to be loaded in her, CL
Crib, 9. (oz-stall), t^Jlx^ ma^laf (pL
i^Jl\jL^ma^lif) ; (acottage),^j^teJU.
Crib, «. (put in a cage), ^^/MiiSU w^j
iffoda^bil kafu.
Cricket, «• (insect),^«iytf aarmr.
Crier, «. i^jL^ miffid<ft, JJj i2^iZ2^{.
Clime, «. (ijPrJ^rm (pL (^]/r >iirtfyib),
J\ Mm, L^ J safi3 (pi. (-jy li amhU).
To commit a erime, ^5^ /mn^f
Jii\ ^mf^j\ irtakab al umm
CBO
(673)
CEO
Criminal, mjSs:* WM^rm^ ^ «!»>, *^*»*i^
Criminally, t^ye^ ^jJ Iwxipwi^ mufrm.
Criminalness, Ua2>> khatd.
Crimination, ^ICSi shah&yat.
Crimson, crimosin, k^j^y hirmhl.
Cripple, ^je\ a^af (pi. ^J^j^ ^vtydn,
Cripple, V. -r^ ^af.
Crippleness, — yC ^arf,
Criflia (of a distemper), ^|/< hikrdn,
^]j^^ (^^ y««^ <»^ hthrdn.
Crisp (ended), (Ji^aCt muka^wak; (£ri-
able),^;-*JcH JjlS itdW o^^ator.
Crisp, V. CJf^ Ita^ak; (to twist), ^j
hmram*
Criterion, ^ISJ nukdn^ X^lfi ^otdmaL
Critic, J. u-^i^H*^ muffitfib.
Criticism, ^JX? te^alr, u-^^lj tdM,
Criticize (judge accurately), Jji J dakkak,
i^^^^^hahat; (to correct), <-^jf oiJia^;
(to comment npon), ^^ sharah; (to
censure), ^0 wot, j» j tei», ^^ wabhakh.
Croceous, iJ^J^j %alfardn.
Crockery (earthenware), jUr^/a^^Afir.
Crocodile, 8, ^Lmaj tm»dh.
Groisade, $. (holy war), ol^ jahddf
ijjtXs^ mujdhadatf ,^J ^-^ ^*
Crook (shepherd's staff), gjC^' *^
Crook, V. ,<2»asr\ inhana\ JU mfit
Crook-backed, ^J'J^ munhanl, c-^J^\
Crooked, ^y^ mu^awwaj, jV^^ mii»-
Crookedness, .^^ ^moj.
Crop, I. (of com, etc.), J^/atlf Jj
ffuiAfA/. The crop of a bird, ^Ju^i
haw$alat»
Crop, 9. «Xitf»- AommL
Cropped, cropi;, Jyaar^ maAtiU^.
Crore, a. (ten millions), cil^UjJi/t if^£
^oihrat mdfyondt.
Cross, «. u,.'>ji«^ foAi* To nail on a
cross, L^^Ju^ mI(I&. Cross, «. (yeza-
tion), ^«XM3Jf foM?!^, U^^yo/'d.
Cross (adverse), ujaSUr^ mukhdltf; (per-
verse), (^yH'^t^ maythUm^ (contradic-
tory), ^j2\u^ mundkidy i^ls^ mu'
Jthdlif.
Cross, adv.j^ ^dbr. And she mounted,
and tbeyjoonieyed with her, eroflring the deserts
and wastes, an4 the plains and the ragged tracts,
until they arrived at Palmyra, '^-^jS
Cross, V, (mark with a cross),
aaUah; (to cancel), ,^«^ maAa'; (to
pass over), j^fi- ^hoTt y mar \ (to
counteract), uJllfi>- it^^d/, ^^13 nd-
kad ; (to obstruct), d^ sad.
Cross-examine, v, ^josffahM^ JjIj hihci.
Crossly (athwart),^;-* ^«^; (oppositely),
^jSjH^^ htl^ah, \*i^ diddan.
Crossness (perverseness), i^^j raddwaU
Cross-way, », (a place where cross-ways
meet), J^i^ mafirak, 9;^ ahdrt^.
Cross wind, «. uilli^ ^j rih mukhdltf,
j^\^ hawd didd. [jili kdk.
Crow, #. (bird), ^J tdgh, <— ^]yi yAtrfl J,
Crow, r. (as a cock), ^li^ idh.
Crowd, «. ^*«^ jam^ j^ j-^i^ /aw^
ibulr, aI>^«3)^ wlthdm, iU>J tahmaL
Crowd, V. >^>-]}7 tad^oifi.
Crown, »..r^ %» Js^^ *^'* Crowos
richly adorned \fith jeweb, ^^j^ ^w
CBU
(574)
cm
i&j muroisa^ A orown of gloryi ^b
j\s^1\ taj ul ifiikhdr. A golden
crown, L^J^ J ^\j i&j nakah.
Crown, V. (a king), — y iaunpqf, JJLS
*a^/ ; (to dignify), j^l ojfcr^vm ; (to
adorn), ^J wyyan; (to complete),
A^ tammam ; (to reward), ^t^ Jtfi/a*.
Crowned, ^^j:^ mutawwaf, JlL« m«-
^/^/. To be crowned, ^ jxi iatawtcaf.
Crucifix, s. v,,,^jlrf» gallh, c^^Li^ nuulnh.
Crucifixion, k— Ju^ «a^3.
Crucify, v. l^Ju^ «a2a^.
Crucified, <^^La^ madnh.
Crude (raw), aIi>. Mdm*
Cruel, JU9 sa/im, ^5^^ >^^.
Cruelness, cruelty, JJ^ 2«^. 0 thou
who art the object of my hope, persist not in
abandonment and craelty, bnt visit a lover
drowned in love ! Think not that I can sur-
vive this oppression ; for my soul will leave
me after my separation from my beloved!
Cruet, 8. (forrinegar, eto.)i ^J^ shuhah,
Cruise, s. (at sea), ^ida!^ holta*
Cruise, v. <ds!^ ^Ja^ ^amal bolta.
Crumb, crumbs of bread, Usrl lz^\:j
fitdt al kvht.
Crumble, v, (break into small pieces),
\j:,'^fattat \ (to fall into small pieces),
Lii^CAj tafattat.
Crumbled, iJLJfJi^ maftaL
Crupper (of a horse), Jii^ kafah
Crush, V. (bruise, squeeze), ^jsr* sahai,
^J dakk, Ji»- hal.
Crushed, j^flff***^ mashuk.
Crust, jJ^ kishr, ijmi hUhraU
Crust, v.jL^ kashshar.
Crusted, j^LS^ makskar.
Crutch, 9. Sj^ ^kkdiot.
Cry, r. (aloud), -U sah, -U ndk, Jj
halsi^, Jj!j Uhdwal; (to weep, died
tears), ^J damma^; (to prodaim),
i^Jj ndda\j^\ aahhar. To cry down
(defame), ^^l CJcJb ^atoifc al ^iri;
(to prohibit), ^^ mana^. To cry
up (applaud), Jl«». hamad. And
when I heard his words, I looked at him
with a scrutinizing eye, and recognized him ;
and I eried out to hun with a gieat ory.
beneath the earth.
J;UX4tJac^
Cry, <. ^L^ &iyah\ (lamentation), Uj
hukSft^^faftwlhi (weeping), w^jj
tadml^; (a squall), Ilj!^ wolrndb^,
L,^j'v^ naAi^. The ciy of a pack d
dogs, ^ iM^A. I approached her;
but she cried oat against me witb a great ery,
and I was frighten eid of her, and was aboot to
return, when behold, a man came forth frm
:^
^^
Crystal, j^Lj datlor.
Crystal, crystalline, i^j^ laUoH.
Cube, B. \^^$l^ ha^.
Cubeb (drug), h\2 kubdiat. [ib^M.
Cubical, cubic, c^^JoU muka^i^, ^u£
Cubit, 8. JkfL «d^u^(pl. j^l^ sawd^.
Cuckold, 8. ijM^J dayifU8.
Cucumber, jL^ khiydr.
Cue (hint), ij\JL\ Uhdra^, ij\:i kmdftd,
(il£\%^ldm. Cue (taU), i^o Ami}.
Cuff, 8. (box), iM htmtst ; (a deere),
A^ hmm (pi. i^U^i oJbudm).
Cuirass, <. XrOJ tarad^at, ^O dKr^.
CUB
(575)
CUB
Cuirassier, t. c tJ^^S Idtis dir^,
CuU, V. 1.^.^1 imtakhab, j\s^\ tkhidr.
Culler, t. i,, ^^'^'.^ MiiiimA*^.
Cully, 9. ^^^MLf yAoiA.
Culpable^ l^«3^ mtisfid, /^/sr* mtyrun.
GolpablenesB, oulpabilitj, Uas^ Uo^.
Colpablj, ^1^-^(3 J^ hikolnafMn, ^^
A/si* hiwafhin rnufrim*
CultiYate, v. (the earth), J^ fahh, 6;J
%ara^ (^L>j^ haras ; (to meliorate any-
thing), J"^ 9aUah.
Goltiyated, 9jjj^ nuurH^f jy'^'^^ ^"^V
Cultivation, cnlture (of a country), ^jj
%ird^, A^li faiiikatf j^j^ ta^Vr ;
(improvement in general), \sjj\ irtikd,
^y iarakki, ^y tarhiyai.
Cultivator, #. c^^U- ^nw, -.li/a/^A.
Cammin, ^;;^ iammOii.
Canning, crafty, Xl*.»- L,^^s>Xa sdhtb
hilatf JS^ makkdr; (intelligent), JU
^Umf i.»-%iJ /a5l3.
Canning, canningness (artifice), <du»»
Cunningly, ^lL^ JG M^o/ Ai/o^, Jil;
Cup, 9. -JJ ita^M (pi. ^1 Jil dkd&h).
Cup, V. (bleed with the cupping-glasses),
^hqiam.
Cup-bearer, ^Li bOM.
m
Cupola, $. <Uj kubhat, l3 kubhi.
Cupper, •. (bleeder by capping-glasses),
*8>»l>. A4;Vffi. A cupping-glass, ^^mI^
iULs^l kd8 al hajdmat.
lidl JjU ito^7 ofAfib/l.
CnrablenesB, ^Ijl«!) SAiM habUiyat ail
mu^U^f UuJ) ^JS^\ mkdn ashehafa.
Curate, # • v^^ i^AOH.
Curatcor, «, J^j wakll.
Curb, 9. (a horse), ^^ Iqfam ; (to re-
strain), Iw <{06a<. [«itffi^aii4^.
Curdy, curdled, tX«kact« munjamid, «X&ix^
Cure, «. ,^1U ^tZd;, t^J t^dtpS.
Core, 1^. i^^b (lAtra', ^U ^laf. To
cure with salt, J^ mailaA,
* i«
Curiosity (inquisitiveness), ^josF^ tafah-
hoB. A curiosity, iks^ iuhfai, ijO\j
n&dirat*
Carious (inquisitive), ^jJLsX^ mutafdi'
its, ^^»aLx*M,^ mtutaksl; (elegant),
i-i-j^ sort/; (rare), jjLj nddir,
Curl, 9. if Jat9* ja^dat, H^ halakaU
Carl, 9. (the hair, etc.)y .«'*H jJIU-
ja^^ad ashsha^, il^ytS ka^wak.
Carrants (Corinthian grapes), ^^ntm?
Carrency (of money, etc.), — Ijj rm^A;;
Current, v^l^r/arf, ^\^ rdyy. Cur-
rent (common), j|^fuiu« ma«AAilr, ^U
^Sm, i<«y*^ ^amaml. To be cnirent,
Current, #. (stream), J^^ sayL
Currently (generally), U^^c ^mnUman,
^y^\ ^j ^Js, ^M wqfh al^umUm,
ii\^ i«U ^dmaUan kd/atan.
Correntnees (general reception), ^\^j
rawdj.
Currier, <• (leather dresser;, dlJj ifoi-
bdgh. A currier's shop, JlaIJj ifai.
bdgbak
CTIS
(676)
CUT
Carryi v. (leather), ^J dabagK To
oany a horse, ^/m>- Am, Jh^ haahBhak.
CurBe, «. (maledictioD), JLJ la^nai.
Garse, v. ^ 20^011; (to afflict), ^ ^Aom.
Cursed (detestable), ^^^ b^in, ^^«L«
fna/^fi»(pL ^^jt^^^U mald^ln ; (impions),
(Jl*^J wnilkf tXsr^ imdhid* May he
be cursed, may the curse of Ood be
upon him, ^uLc m\ iiji Ja^nai dUah
^Ihi (speaking of the deyil).
Cursorily (hastily), \iSLj,^ iura^tan, J^
ikC^ hikol sur^at,
Cursoriness, Hsla ghafiat.
Cursory, adj. (hasty), Jjb?^^'***^ mwia^;
(careless), fJi\ighdJU.
Curtail, y^ kaasar,
Curtailed,^^.i<3:;i^ muktoiar.
Curtain, b, S-^V^ hifdh^ ^*^ji ^ddyih.
The keeper of the curtains (a cham-
berlain), ^^^^l^ h^fih,
Curvated, curve, curred, |A^t« mun-
hanly Jt^tf mdyU.
Curvature, curve, J^^ tnayh . A curved
line, ^V'f^V^ o»* hhatt munhanl.
Curve, r. JU wo/, y^j"^- hana\
Curvilinear, ^xsx^ LaT hi hhatt mun'
hanl, or _xs^l ks^\ Jlr« mw/ 0/ khatt
al munhanl.
Cushion, «• s\m^ moinad (pi. JjImu«
mofSnti^). A cushion on which they
pray, * jIe* stjfdde.
Custody, care, Isa^ hif%, L»\j>' hirdtat ;
(confinement), ^/Mf>- ^&#.
Custom, ^j roBin (pi. ^^^ riMtim),
ilj^li kd^idatf ^y\i kdnUn, ifjU
gfi(^^. Ancient custom, .«J[ji wi
roiw kadim ; (impost), -.]^ iWarq;';
^j^ y««y«^. A custom-house, di^
tumrtik. As soon as Kamar-ez-Zaman
had beooroe Sultan otw them, he abolished
the CQBtom-taxee, eet at Ubeiij ti:ioae who
were in prison, and oondocted hiin«<»lf ia
a praiaeworihy manner towaida the people,
i» Jlm»»- ij^ AfO jLs^ • Thus I con-
tinued for the ipaoe of a year, after vhidi I
came one day in the desert, acoordiiig to my
custom, and I wandered about, <j:.^>#Jt
iLyJl Juui Is^ if<x« JlJl 1 JJ^ ^^
Customable, customary, customed,
rasmlf t^^^t^ ma^hud, uJjite mdluf,
Customably, customarily, olix^elt _lx
^ala* al mM^tdd, [v:JS^J uihun,
Castomer,«.(purchaser), f^jiJL»9mu9ktarij
Cut, p. ^ki ibto^; (to overpower),
L,,,Jf ghaiab. To cut in pieces,
vJai ^Joi ^loi ^to^ ib«^^ hita^. To
cut off (separate), jy /orai ; (kill),
Jci katal] (intercept), (jij^\ %^
kata^ al tarlk ; (put an end to), ma3
tammam ; (interrupt or silence), ^Li
/A^\ kata^ al kaldm; (abbreviate),
yitf^r^t ikhtasar. To cut out (shape,
form), jyo Batcwar ; (contrive), ^JcjI
ibtada^, P./^^ ti^A^o^; (excel),
{^^ jli /di^ ^o/a'. To cut up (as a
•• •
butcher), fTJ zdbah ; (to overcome in
argument), ^^Jby harhan, Tocutaoroas,
Lj katt. To cut (carve or engrave),
^JliMj fuikoBh; (circumcise), ^^:Lav khaUm,
And I said, By God, I know nothing hot
what I told thee ! Gird thyself, then, said he,
and take an axe and a rope, and cut firewood
in the desert, and so obtain Uiy snhsigtenoe.
DAU
(577)
DAB
Cnt, past pari, ^ax^ munkaii^, t^^^^
maJtiil^; (wounded, mangled), r^/^
mqfmh. [(fashion), JiL& ihiH.
Chit (piece, part), JuLS hit^aL Cat
Catlass, «. L,tt.>>j My/.
Cutler, «. _:i^ULi M^iHnl. A sword-
cutler, uJu.« 9ayydf,
Catter, «• ^U fes^i^.
Cat-throat, «. j;j^l ^^ l&ti^aUaf^h.
Cycle, i. (periodical space of time), jj J
dawr (pi* jI^^I adwdr). The cycle of
the sun, ^y^^l |^\;j(i> dawrdn ash-
ahami. The cycle of the moon, ^^j^(>
^^^t dtfi^ordn dl kamar.
Cypress (tree), ij^ tarwai.
D.
Dagger, «. ^^isL ihanjar.
Daily, o^^'. L<«y ifaumi, adv. Uy
Daintiness (dislike), g^ karah. [nafU.
Dainty (delicate), u.gjVil /a^, ^/u^
Dainty, «. (^U3 nafdyU.
Dale, f . 4/^1^ irdit.
Dalliance, ^jL^kj; (procrastination)y^lj
idkhiff u-uy tawakkuf.
Dally, V. (fondle), ^J-L^ maUdk; (to
delay), j^ ^at^iroit.
Dam (mother), A umm, ifjJt^ iffdlidat;
(a mole to confine water), Jui «a^.
Dam, V, Ju «(mU.
Damage (detriment), S;La£L khisdrat,
jjj darar, ij^a^ mudarrat ; (retribu-
tion, fine, reparation of damage),
iftjUr* mtj^VZsd^, ilLiUU mukdfdt;
jjJ^ u^y^ ta^uHd addarar.
Damage, v. jMiS>^ ikauarf j^ dorr; (to
receive damage), j«dj\ andar*
Damageable,*^! ^jL^^ mumkm addarar.
Damascene, 9. (damson, damasc plnm),
^jo\p^\ qfds or (jwl>-1. [^ahdm.
Damascus, ^JJL^J Damiihk, iftUJI a»h'
Damask (silk), l^ kamkhd.
Dame (lady), ^y^ khdiUn, if Ju^ «ay-
dat, (^j)l ^^, t«l jt« md(2dmd, ij^ai**^
ainJora.
Damn, v. ^jsi la^n.
Damnation^ ^:ji! la^nat.
Damned, ^^^ mal^Hn, ^^^^^^ jahan-
naml. The damned, ^,^ ijjbl ahl
jahannam.
Damp (moist), c^^^ ro^ti^, ^^|; rd^ti.
Damp, «. (vapour), j^a^ hukhdr (pi.
Damp, r. (moisten), u.-^ rattah, JL
Dampishness, dampness, fjljJ naddwat,
^ jL^ rutulatm
Damsel, u:^ ^»n^ (pi. c:j\:j ^and^).
Dance, e. ^joSj rahs.
Dance, 9, ^jo5j rakas.
Dancer, i. ^j^j rakkds, [raks.
Dancing-master, a, ^joij Jla^ ma^Uam
Dancing-school, «• yj^]^ ^^ ^Jicr^.
Dandelion (herb), ^-'!y«!i J»>-j.
Danger,^^lia£wib^^ar, lJo\s^ mukhdtarat.
Dangerous,^^kc^ mukhtir,jAi:>^ khaitr.
A dangerous affair,^^kfiL^l amr khuter.
Dangerous places, (^lf« mahdlik.
Dangerously, ^^ia^ JG hikol khatar.
Dare, V. (hare courage), ^laT tajdsar;
(to defy), ^IjuJJ ^Jo-l iitad^a*
lUmlddn.
87
DAT
(678)
DAT
Daring, dexetnlf jy**^ jtuur.
Daringly, ijL*flj- Jij UkoljoiaraU
Daringne«8, i^\^jaraat, isXsf^ Bhaja^at.
Dark (not light), Jia^ mi«/»m, j^ife
talam ; (not perepicuouB), iJiJ^ mush-
tahah; (ignorant), JibU- jdhtl. A
dark night, ^^Jla^ilL) /by&i^ miiss/ma^
Dark, v. darken (make dark), J^\ nndam^
Darkly (without light), <UijiH ^ ^*
al^tma ; (blindly), 'LmII ^ ^a'
Darkness, ^Ji? stdmat, a^ taldm. And
when I heard her words and his words, and
witnessed what passed between them, the
world became oarkness before my face !
c;u^
L5«*r>
Darling, imJ^fS^ maWtilb, ^^ylujt^ ma^
«^uA; (fem. <Vjr^^ mahbuhat, ^^J^x^
ma^shnkat).
Dart, «. ij^ harbatf (j^jj^ mivasrai.
Darter, *. ^^j rami, Ju3 nabhal.
Dash, i;. (together), a jl^ tasadam. To
dash (as the waves), >^y^ tamawwqf,
^))j taldtam.
Dash, tf. (collision), ^jLx/* mtMd(2^ma^;
(a line in writing), kf^ ^Aa^^« A
straight dash, ^^ ^ la^^ ^Aa^^ mtM-
^ilfm, LSj^f^ ^^^ ^^^^ mutawdnl.
A curved or circular dashf^tXru*^ la£>^
hhatt muatadir, ^^^-^sx^ !«;- ^^'^ *»«»-
^nt. The dashing of the waves, -^^
tamawwijj ^^^^^ (i'^ talatum almawaj.
Date (account of time), ^j\j tarikh
(pi. -pC;^y toec^flrUA) ; (duration), /X3
kiydm, aIjJ dawdm, JijAS^A Utimrdr;
(end), iJlfi ^diihat ; (the fruit of the
palm tree),y4J tamr.
Date, V. fCj^^ t^J irofo^ o^arfW.
DeLtedL^^jytmuwarrakh, \jijsgriakriran.
Daughter, 9. l:;^ hint (pL CL^Uf ftonfiO-
A daughter-in-law (son's wife), is
ibftna^. A king's daughter, kz^
{jJLii\ bint (d nuUik. A marriagcaHe
daughter, Sji\) (j:^ hint balighai.
Dawn (aurora), ^ /fl/ir, ^ suhh;
(the beginning of anything), ^Ji:^
f^<«V?a. To rise or do anything at
dawn,yL bakkar.
Dawn, Vm ^'O sabbah, ,^^\ ashak.
Day, A^ yati7»t (pi. f^^A ayydm), J^
nahdr. Kight and day, j\^^ JJ ii/
wanhdr. By night and day, \j^j IJ
ftlan foankdran. One day, on a certain
day, aWI ^;^ ttji yauman mm «/
ayydtn, L«v yatoman. A festival day,
43u£ z*^ yaiom ^f <f. Sunday, S^^t\ ^^
yawm al ahhad. Monday, ^^^f^i /••i
yavm al amln. Tuesday, Ul3^ j»^
yaci;m assaldsd. "Wednesday, \Mji\ a^
yawmalarba^. Thursday,
yawm al khamU* Priday,
yatom ajjum^a. Saturday, \j:.^*^m a^
yawm assabt. The day of judgment,
^LaSI Ayi yawm al kiydmat. Good
day ! (a salutation), j;^^ rW '^^
al khyr; (answer), —^\ r-W^ f°
sabdh al khyr. Every day, /^^J^ hi
yawm. To-day, ajJI aiyawm, ^yAWxi
ha%d al yawm.
Day-break, ,^ subh. [mat al nthk.
Day or morning* star, <. .^o^all
Day-time, ^lf3 nahdr*
mj'
SEA
(579)
DEA
Dazzle or daze, 'o.ja^j^jalMr tS, hatar.
Deacon, «. yJXj^ $hammdt.
Dead (deprived of life), ^y^ mutawafft,
(ji-wt mayyei; (manimate), «Vtl>-
fimidj ^^mk>' h hUd hm ; (motioiilefls),
^j^^ hUd harakat; (langaid), >-U
^djh ; (frigid), ^|^\ Jj\j haridalmik&j.
A dead market, jL*^ ktudd. Pretend-
ing to be dead, dJ^^Uj tamdwtU, J^^^c
Ls ^^ 4Sl^> ^amai hdlaho mayyei. The
dead (dead men), iJL>\y\ amw&t, cl^^
al mawta\ Dead or stagnant water,
<X«l>-'L« fnqf&mid. In the dead of
winter, \s>m>\\ ]a^^ i^fl wuat athshitd.
In the dead of night, JJJt l^Jai _j
ft natf al layl.
Deadly, adf. cL<lf^ mMih, JjU i^67,
c:.^»i>4»^ muml^, Cilf* ^ ^yj ^' iMU'^tn
mtMih
Deadly, adv* IjU kdtdan; (implacably),
i^\jA Jij hikd ^adawat.
DeadnesB (frigidity), if Jj^ hwradat ;
(want of ardour), ^-.^^a^' ^Se. ^adam
hamiyat ; (weakness),^^^ ^A/'as* t^Jjcc
Deadness of trade, jLm^ ka»dd.
Deely ^Je>\ atrash, j^^\ asamm. To be
or beoome deaf, l/»Jo taruh* To pre-
tend to be deaf, '^jlk7 iatdrash^ Jm«x
iji^t 4iJl>. ^mal hdlaho atriMh*
Deafen, v. ^Jo iarraah.
Deafish, l^»Jo\ atrash.
Deafly, ^i^J^, ^* tarashin.
Deafness, t/^J^ tarashp iJ^Jb tarshat
Feigned deafness, ^^^Uai^ mutatdrish,
iiU^ ^^ (J^U ^dmil hdlaho atrash.
Deal (fir-tree), ^y^ tanohar. Deal
(quantity), jJj kadar^ ^Uo Aomm^a^.
A great deal, j^ jSi kadar koAr,
^4>jlar. LJt^ kammiffot ^Imat.
Deal, V. (to distribute), ^jaa>^ haasaa^
*» -»
>amJ hu$am, ^ J^ tpassxa^; (to traffic),
jj-ljf ^4/<^r. To deal by or with (to
treat well), cJtS ta^^/, (JT;^ J ^r«',
Li^b ^^t^' ^^ *™®^ ^'^ contend with,
AN^lfi^ khdsam. To deal in (practice
or be engaged in anything), J^^x ^oma^.
Dealer, «. (trader), yj^jj^, hdiargdn,
^s^ljf <^'tir (pi. j\sf* tujjdr) ; (one that
has to do with anything), ^U ^mU.
A dealer at cards, c, '^•IH ^^ ^li
hdiim warak al li^, \i/^ mufarrik.
Dealing (trade), ^W* tijdrat; (busi-
ness), J^4x ^a»ui/. Plain dealing,
^Ijwtf taddkat. Doable dealing, bj
r»ya.
Dear (precious),. JJ^ ^as!s, ^Jli ^^dft,
4^«mS ^ J stl i^ma^ ; (beloved), (mmfy*ir^
mahbab, J^^jl^ in0^«AiZ^.
Dearly (at a high price)^ ^li ^j^ hi
soman ghdh ; (fondly),, ^jmwm^ J^ hikol
^hk,
Deamess (fondness), Jh^ ^hk, <Usr^
muhabhaL [wat.
Deamess, dearth (scarcity), i^ix, ghald-
Death, Slij wafdty tZJy matot. To be
worthy of death, JsJi\ i^-^^^\j icdj'th
al katl. The place (or cause) of death,
(Js^Lt tnaktal (pi. JjIL« makdtil).
Predestined death, J^^\ J^SI aldj'al
al maw^d. Inheritance in conse-
quence of death, ^Lj. To cause deathf
J:J kataL To condemn to death, Jl>-
Ji^b hakam h\l katl. After deaths
ci^^t i^ju 5a^(^ al mawL The fear of
Qod Ib the principle of every important thing:
it la the true path, and a mm pillar. Deat^
DEB
(580)
DEC
IB an incontestable tmth, and a promiae which
never fails. Do not be careless then, 0 man !
J^i\ VJ JiAJHi ^\ 0^;y IJ--1'
Griere not on account of the calamities of the
time, since every affliction will have its end.
Be whose death is doomed to take place in a
certain land wiU not die in another. Send
not thy messenger on any important oommis*
sion, for no person has a more fiuthfiil friend
than himaelf, ^UJl ij^VJ ^Ja^^j
\lb\ya 2je^\j ^jtJc^
Debar, v. mj>- ho/ram^ Jl^ ioM^ J; rod.
Debarred, 4>^«Xu^ maadud, ^^jS^ ff^h-
rum^ c yjk^ mamnU^ *^y^y fnardud.
Debase, v.jA^ hdkar. Debased, (*y^
mazmUm^^^^ muhaJskar, JtVs tntauiL
Debate, SArl:^ mundzarat, it^^\0^ mu-
hahasatf ^jl:^ mundza^t, LL^^bahi,
ZJjLs^ mtifddalaL
Debate, v. (dispute), C^^ hahas; (to de-
liberate), ijyJj*^ i^AX. ^malmashwarat.
Debauch, i;. (corrupt), JumjI afsad. To
debauch a woman, {jOjf^\ <^v"0> hatak
a\urd. [teat
Debauch, «. cJl^l inhimdl, ii^ shah-
Debauchee, 9,j>-\i fdjir, Jn-ali fdsik,
^\j zdnl, {^JU^ munhamik.
Debaucher, J«d^ mudU.
Debaucbery, ij^ ihdhwat.
Debilitate, v. <*-i*i da^^f.
i)ebilitated, Uum da^tf.
Debility, \.Jjua da^f or du^.
Debonair, v— ijVil Utlf,
Debt, ^J>J hard, ^jJ J dayn (pi. ^^jjJ
^•"•<i7t), Inyolved in debt, jjj^»X^
madywu fAsrrj me to thy daoghter, and
break thy eamehan idol. If thoa do so, thy
dne shall he the same as our dae, and thy d^
UU C^ ^^l^ tii3 J cU*i ^li J-SiJl
Debtor, #• ^^»X^ maiy^n (fem. £j£Jm
fnady^fuU),
Decade, <. ijtt^ ^asharai.
Decalogue, s. crjUl^ iju^\ al ^hrat
kalimdt, <dll bU^ waadjfd aUak.
Decamp, v. J^j rahal.
Decampment, dJL>-; rMai*
Decay, Jl^J zawdl; (fisJl from a pros-
perous state), )ff^ 9ukaL
Decay, v. iajLt sakat.
Deceit, deceitfulness, {Jjx. $hUh^ ^
mahTf jJlc ffhadr. And if I £ul to
attained the age of ninety years. How, tiien,
should I fidl of uniting two peraona in sin f
Jj^ ^^ ^ju^J Uiri 5-Mrl fi J}
j^^\ |J t,£;Ac ti-jJai J>iU\j iojli
Deceitfal,^\Ai^^^Ad«A,j\L«miiib^r.
DeceitMly, jiXAi ^» ghadriny ^Ju». (J^
Deceive, v, jds, ghadar, (jj*i ^^A;
(to cause to err), ^^^ ghawa\ J*^ ilo/.
To deceive the eyes (as a juggler, etc.),
jsr' €ahar. [ikdsh.
Deceiver, 8, S^ mdkir, ^^LLc gJuuhr
December, JJH^ (Jt^ ^ hdnUn d twwal.
Decency, ^LJ hydhat^ 4^j1 ai^oiv
Decent, JjS %tX, ^.^ |^ w<If W, i--.^l:^
mundiibf ^ji\y miuwdfiJu
DEC
(581)
DEC
Decently, c^j\ J^ biM adab, L.»L«
mundnban.
DeceptibiKty,j JJiSl J^\ iml&naighadr.
Deceptible, (jaJcj ywnghMh.
Deception, ^^ wahm, Jl^^ khay&h
Decide, v. Jl>- hahm. To decide a
lawBuit, ifjUlf ^^29 kafa^ al madat,
Decided, 9}^^^ maktu^
Decider, s, MS\>-'h&]tm, ^li tati^.
Decimal,!^ LuLc^MAdrf, ^jJSjju ia^shM.
Decimate, r.^i^c ^hshar.
Decimation, ^^aLc ^ihoTf jJUju ta^hJr.
Decipher, 9. (explain cipher8),^;MJ/iM<ir,
(^iji\ dio fak al arkdm.
Decision, $, J^ foal, S^ huhn, l^
kaddy '^i^ huj^at.
Decisive, ^li kdti^, ^^ ihdfl*
Decisiyeness, ^\j u^^ wasfkdti^
Deck (of a sbip), isuLa sakifat, j^
K^^yi^ ddhr al marhdb.
Declaim, r. t^^iaJb hataf, k^^^- hhatah.
Declaimer, ^.dedamator, ^^^^^U'^- hhatib.
Declamation, a!^\ Jlc ^ilm al kaldm,
c->U3^i j^ ^m al mm.
Declaration, f.jlfL&l i»htihdr,f^^\ i^n,
^Ls hay&ny ^jJ^ Bharh^j^ ta^ir,
j^mJj tafiir. {horror >
Declare, v. j^ ashhar; (affirm), j^
Declension (of nouns), uJ^ toff, f^^jtoj
U^fllt tatrif ul utnd»
Declinable, i^ju£>^ mutasarrif.
Declination (descent), L^ hubat, JjJJ
nmal; (bending), ^}^ mayl, uJ|^flsri
mkirdf.
Decline, v. (bend or lean downward),
JU mdl'f (to shun), CyV>,v>"! yianab,
jj:^ ihtaraz. To decline (a noun),
t^y^ aarraf; (to decay), Jlj %&L
Decline (diminution), Jljj %awdl.
Dediyity, a. ^^0^ hadHr. A slippery
declivity (down which boys slide),
JLjjls^j taUoJud. [munaah.
Dedivons (sloping), Jj U mdyl, (^'^.nv^
Decorate, r. ^J %ayyan.
Decorated, ^J^ mmayyon. There he
saw a great hall, and four large and lofty
chambers, each one firontin? another, wide,
decorated with gold and BilTer, and yariouB
colours, i^Ur* ^jlj i^ i^ 4^y
^yjl iiki^ laj^\y They opened
one of those doeeto, and found it filled with
arms decorated wil^ varieties of gold, silver,
and jewels, Uj Ss>r^ £]j^ If^ \^j<ui
Decoration, deoorement, ^J fXfiat
Decorticate, r. (peel),^;ii haahahar.
Deoorum,4Mili^mu»d«a&a^, £L1 laydkat
Decoy, «. L^'d^ janh, iii^jatbat (pi.
Decoy, v» i^3>^jasuib. [Jli ial^7.
Decrease, r. (make. lees), ^^^ nakkaa^
Decrease, ^/^J^ tankla. The decrease
of a river, rain, eto.,j^jasr.
Decree, <• jS-^ hukm (pi. >»l^l aA^m),
^^ omr (pi. j^\j^ atodmir, LaS jb<te,
jfi^^ haim, <UmJ hiamatfji^ tdkdHr.
The decrees of God, iUl\ LiJ i^(M^ aJ2aA.
A judicial decree, c^l a^ At^^m
a«A«Aar^.
Decree, v. jL^ hakam*
Decreed, jf^U mdmHrj j JlL« mukaddar.
Decrepit, c^Qju.^ e^^i/. A decrepit old
man, jlo^l Jb»^ rij/aZ dkktiyar* A
decrepit old womani i[j|yB^ ^o/Asa^.
DEE
(582)
DEF
Decrepitude, Jjs* ^ajaz.
Decretal, ^^^'•ss^ hatml. A decretal
(book of decreee), ft\^i\ c-;l:;^ kitdb
ul ahkdm.
Decry, v. ^^^ ^V^^f (^^ zamm*
Decuple (tenfold), uJIm^ ijJls. ^ha-
rat ad^f. [onhdihi.
DeGurion,«. (serjeant or corporal),_^lJjl
Dedicate, v, (consecrate), ^jao^ ihasMs,
i^ju^ wakaf, lJ>^\ ahda\ Dedicated,
^Jkf« fnuhda\ {jm^^sl^ mukaddas,
uJy %^ mawkaf.
Dedication, ^^^JkAJi takdls, u^j wakf;
(of a book), (-jI;^ t JUbl ihdd kitdb.
Dedications (of temples), iZj\mjJ>j
takrUQt,
Deduce, «• ,J^a^\ tstaniqf, ^1 antqf.
Dedncement, deduction (consequence),
Xssnp fuUljat, [kauam.
Deduct, V. ^jb tarah, kLal oikat, |»«^S-
Deed, «• (action), J««x ^ama/, Jju yf^j
(pi. JUit o/*^/); (written evidence
of a legal act), JJ^ satuid, dl^.!^
tamassuk; (reality), <££gigfc> haklkatj
iJ»x^ ma^na*. Words and deeds,
Jju^ Jy ^^^ ^^ ^t^* Illustrioas
deeds, i?Ju«««>- J^l o/'^o/ Aamf(fal
Deem, v.^^J^t tftakar, .J^ zan,
hoMob,
^^^P' (i^*^ ^0mi^; (gloomy), a:u^
mt^^^m, fty^Ji^maghm'SLm\ (not obvious),
^jo^Ks. ghdmidf f^Jf^ muffUak, J^LuL*
mushkal, <UJu^meMA^aA; (sagacious),
AmsUj v_-'^^-^ idktb fardsat.
Deep (the ocean), $, k^sr^f^^ iaAr
Ml
Deepen, v. J^^x ^ammak; (to make
gloomy or sad), ^ ^Aam.
Deeply, U^^i^fi ^amtiofi; (with great
study or sagacity), M^Vrr JUcJ«b bi
ithtighdl ^oslm.
Deepness, JUx ^tmiib. See Depth.
Deer, Jhi ghazdl, j^j rim.
Deface, 17. (spoil) disfigvure), ^Tir^ ikarsh,
cJJ IMHSa^, Jiafi ^O^^ (JmCc ^4ubM;
(to erase), ic^^r^ wtfAa'.
Defacement, ^^^jpT toi&^3«
Defamation, \j:j\ iftirdf f\^\ Mam,
ii,0SJb hatikaL
mm
Defamatory, ^^^^ wnufdik.
DefEuner, n. i^J^ muftar^f ^^/addak.
Defame, v. ^ fadah^ iL^zJb kakk^
i/^ fadddh.
Default, Uaski. khatd^jyai kutikr, j^^
tahlr, Vi.^ J zanb] (defect), ^joSij nak$.
Defeasance (annulling), JUaf 1 ibtdl,^s^
moAft.
Defeasible, JUajSIt ^jLk^mumkinaiibidl,
Defeat, «• |*|j^^ inhwdm, j^J^ katr*
Defeat, v. |*JJb hataumfjM^ kaumr; (to
frustrate), mj>^ haram, ^^"v. khay^ab.
Defeated, y*jf^ mtmAastVn, ^j^J^ «mA-
zum. To be defeated, Af^\ fnAasam,
Defect (deficiency), ^joaj naks, ^l-^
na^dn; (fault), u,.^jr. ^^t3, Uli
ghalai, ^ eako,. Without defect,
Defection (apostacy), j\Sij\ irtiddd,
fj^\j^^ inkdr dl lmdn\ (revolt).
Defective, 4^l3 naM, S-'^^iH^ ma^ynh.
Defence (protection), f^U^- Aimdya/,
X^lSj wtkdyai, ^\^ siifdmU; (apology),
jjx, ^mr; (prohibition), ^:i^ man^;
DEF
(583)
DEG
(resistance), X.^\a^ mu^dradat, L$j\a^
muhdwamat.
Defend, v, ly^ hdma*; (to fortify),
^j'A'~>- has9an\ (to prohibit), ^»^
mana^. To defend oneself, ^JS. t<«^
iU*A3 hdvM^ ^an nafio. To defend a
caase (legally), Juu^b ^\j rdfa^
hil ihari^ai.
Defendant, »• (in a lawsnit or criminal
prosecution), 4uLe ^tf-fiX« miMa^
Defender, #• (of another), ^^^ Adml,
loils^ mtiAd/Ss, Ol Jl« muddfi^ J^U^
mundjtd. The defender of the faith,
De&nded, b^ur^ mo^fls, ^jjS^ moA-
riU, i5'«'^^ mtiAmi.
Defensible, ^^4kfiCUytfii^int. [mvAml.
Defensive (affording defence), ly*"^^
Defensire, «• iUil Jl^I Jl^ hdl ul mudd-
Defensively, £61 J^ muddfa^atan.
Defer, r. ijf^t 0m^.
Deference (respect), jUilaI %^tibdrtj\p^\
%mtiyd%j 4J3>-)L« muldhamt; (com-
plaisance), ^lU mii^^a^.
Defiance (to fight, etc.)i ^j^ u^JJ?
to2(i3 lilharh.
Deficiency, jyai ku8Hr, ^Uu} nukidn.
Deficient, ^jai\j ndki9,j>-[£, ^a;Vs.
Defier, «. (contemner), ^;-^ muAln.
Defile, 9. (contaminate), ^^ J danntu^
Defile, t« (narrow passage), aSjJ zania,
Defilement, iLU J dandsai.
Define, r. (circamscribe or mark the
limits), Jbj>' joMam, J^ fasal, ^Li
Aato^. To define and mark the
boundaries, JA»- haddad; (to explain
a thing by its qualities), u^^ wataf.
Definable, (^.iiycSi ^*/*^^^ mumkin alUh
Defined (limited), JjiXsf* mahdud, c ybLt
maktu^; (explained), t^yey maW'
iUf'f (appointed), y^^fj^ mafrnd.
Definite (certain), ^\j kdti^, (J^^^
muhahkak. Bestricted to a definite
time, \j:^y mutoakkat,
Definiteness, ^^ fft^n, (j^Aa^ tahklk.
Definition, uAipj wasf, ^mMyu ta^f,
Definitiye, ^jii hU^y ^Ll 9hdfi,
^IS kdti^ J^ Jksr* makdid. To give
adefinitive answer, ^^ ^^^T ^J^
a^ jawdh ihdfl.
Definitively, Uki katum*
Deflection. See Deviation.
Deflower, v. (vulg. cs-^ ^fatah hint),
5j\L^\ Jljt ioULl td hakdrat.
Defluxion, J^^ itusfl/, aI^ %ikdm.
Deform, v. ^JL ihanna^ ^^Sa ^ka$.
Deformed, ,^ui kablh, ^jVA shanty*
Deformed in countenance, Ja:^\ ^jS
karih fd man%ar,
Deformedly, g,j;.A^cyj htnaw^shani^
Deformedness, deformityi ,^vJ kabh,
Defraud, v. ylux> ghashf jdx> ghadar.
Defray, v. (pay the expense), ^j^^ M^
dafa^al khofy, uJj^^-a^ll wij dafa^al
nuurnf.
Defunct, ^^j^ marhULm. \hiiLm.
^Defunct (person deceased), (^^y fnar-
Defy, V. (to battle), ^1 JuJJ c^ talab
Ul mlddn; (to afiBcont), aJlc 4^r/:it
Degenerate, J^2I\ Jy^i* maftikd ul <uL
DEL
(584)
DEL
Degpeneratei v. i^J^sSA Mtalaf; (grow
wild as plants), (jl^y tawahhash.
Degradation, Jjc ^as/.
Degrade, v. Jjc ^azal.
Degraded, J^j*^ ma^uL
Degree (quality, rank, station), ^jJ
darqfat, ^J:^ mantalat, <U7^ rithaL A
liigh degree of dignity, XJx Ljj ndbat
^Uyat, Degree (order of lineage),
c-^mm3 noBoh (pi. (^LjI ansdh). The
ascending and descending degrees of
kindred, cj J ^ J^^ ^'^^ ^^ /uru^.
Degree (proportion), i^\:^muniUabaU
An astronomical degree, ^jJ darafat,
Deject, i7. (make sad), ^y>- Aaaan, mc.
Dejected, (^^^^ maghmam.
Dejectedly, ii-c JSj hiJcol gham.
Dejectedness, dejection (lowness of
spirits), \iiya 9awdd, ax gham.
DeigD, t;. (condescend), JjUj tand%al.
Deism, ti— ^ji^? toat^t^.
Deist, i^yoc^ mutasauHpif.
Deity, «. ^Dl 0AM, ^1 aSaA. There is
iThygoTernment:
favoiin upon him whom Thou hast chosen
amoDg thy servants, L« ur^i !ll <)J1 31
Delay, LMy tawakkuf, tj\y tawdni,
-^Ijf takhlr.
Delay, r. ^^\ akhwr^ Jf^l ninAa?. To
ask a delay, ^Ifn v^JJ^ ^a/ii3 mahlat^
Jf^AMil utamhal. And the Ehaleefeh
was exoesiiyely enra^. Giant me, said
Jaafar, a delay of three days. I erant thee
the delay, replied the Ehaleefeh. Jaafor then
went fbrth from his presenoey and took his
ronte through the city, sorrowliil, and ssyiiig
within himself^ How shall I diacorer him who
killed this danisel, that I may take him before
the Khaleefeh?^lk^ l^\J^\ kUit.
Delegate, v, ^J^ f^j\ arsal watil*
Delegate, «. f^j wakil (pi. lli[^ trdbite).
Delegation, XJl^j traJ^Zo^, ^Ij ntyd^t
Deliberate, v. J^^«^ taddwal,^\dj toMd-
kar,j/t\y tawdmar.
Deliberate (circumspect), lgLa».^c>'*r»-L»
idhih ihtiydty dLijl L.^.^'v-Lg 9dhiib w-
ttbdhf yx^ mudabbir; (slow), ^Jai
i^j^\ hail al haraiai.
Deliberately (cautiously), J-^Ij(J^ had
taammul, tUi^-l JCj hikol ikiigdt;
(with design), \ Xȣ ^ajniofi, ^ Juaj ^
c0n hudin.
Deliberation, ^JJ tadbir, J^U jaasi-
muZ, Ju^ ib«(Z; (caution), ]pLs.»-t
Deliberative, Ljjt^^ tadbiri.
Delicacy (in eating, etc.), ^^ J tawl^ 6jl
la%Mt; (beauty), JU^/ama/, ^j^*«^>-
husn; (tenderness, softness of manner),
^\J0 zardfat, ujzU lutf; (neatness),
Sj\^ tahdrat.
Delicacies, delicates (exquisite viands),
^jmjU3 nafdgis.
Delicate (to the palate, etc.), «3jo] fazie,
(^/juu^ na/Ztf; (soft, amiable), axU
nd^tm. Of a delicate temper, aJl»*
(^^^MbA:Jl kaHm annaft.
DeUoately, ^ID J^ M£o/ fa^4/U.
DEL
(586)
DEM
Delight, delightfhInesB, delicioosness, SiJ
lizzai. And he ordered them to inform their
Kbig that hiB son was in proeperity and joy,
enjoying a life of the utmost delight with hia
beloved, ^\ M-^-U \y^ ^\ j^Vb
Delight, r. (give pleasure), ^j^ sharahj
Delighted, j^/**^ masrHr, And there
came forth upon him from the door a pleasant
genUe gale, and an exqouite odonr, wherewith
the porter was delighted, ^lJx ^j-s^
Delightful, delightsome,jMA/t muaur, JJ jJ
lasa%f r/^ mufarrth. Ah, how de-
lightful was that time and its sweetness ! — ^the
days when I was at ^ase from all anxieties I
Delightfully, jjj/**J J» turur.
Delineate, v. (design), m^^j rasam.
Delineated, (^y^j^ marsHm, j^ Vi »■ ^
Delineation, a^ nwm, la^ iS;^^^.
Delinquency, ILf^ j^^d, m^ jmrm.
Delinquent, «. (*/sr* mufrim, l^J^
muMnib.
Delirious, ^y^ nu^Hn, 4^»i^ jUfi
Delirium, ^l^ j^ hmydn.
Deliver, v. (give in charge), J^ talJum ;
(give), ^J^i a^^tf' ; (to save, set at
liberty), ^jJj>^ khallaa; (to relate),
hhdbhar. And when they had
notdoso ! fc^Jj ^ JUll ljj--3^l U1l5
Deliverance (from' captivity, etc.), ifW*
nqj&t, (j0^ ^ihaldi, ^jifarc^'; (utter-
abce, speaking), ^^j^ takrir; (giving
or consigning to another), ^ImJ to«
Am; (surrender), XfiU^l Ud^L
Delivered (freed), cl/^Ca.^ ma/la^; (con-
signed, given), JLuw« musaUam.
Deliverer, «• (rescuer), ^^/oi-sr^ mukhalis,
tXAi^ munius ; (a relator), ^JiU mu-
harrir.
Delivery (surrender), ^>^j>*J ^/{m ;
(childbirth), iSi^ wilddat. \j^aU^.
Delude, v. \Ju^ ffhash, ^Jx Jl:;^-! ihtdl
Deluded, jjyL« tnaghrHr.
Deluder, 9, ^lu4^ ghoMkdBh. See
Deceiver, Impostor.
Delve, r. See To dig.
Deluge, 8, \^^ tawafdn.
Deluge, V. uJlt tdf.' [ju^ hayd.
Delusion (deceit), JlL>. hllat,j*ycffhadr,
Demagogue, «• c.,>^ir>ull ^ ^.<3£^jmJ^.
Demand, «. (claim, requisition), L^illff
ialah, %^^^ da^a\
Demand, v. s^A \y talab. Thereupon
brought the wealth before me, I said to them,
Can ye deliTer me by means of all these riches,
and pnrchase for me therewith one day daring
whion I may remain alive P Bat they conld
Saleh said. May God amend the state of the
King ! I do not demand her in marriage for
myself; yet if I demand her in marriage for
myself, i am her equal, and more, for thou
knowest that my &ther was one of the Kings
of the Sea, though thou art now our King.
I demanded her not in marriage sare for the
King, the son of my sister, who is the King
of Persia, whose &ther was the King
8hah-Zaman; and thou knowest his power!
Ifiui.^ ^ J^ iL^\ *1J1 ^ ^U JUi
\yJLi i>s^ u"^ \ { "■; Vtr4.jij t^j^i
DEM
(586)
D£P
^•Lw uJ«KJ> CUotj
Demandablei c-Jiall ^J^ Idyik uttdUih.
Demandant, demander, «. ^^c^t^ <2a^i,
L^IL ^/fi(; (plaintiff), ^\«X^t7»tMte^f.
Demanded, c-;»^.k^ matlnh.
Dementate, t?. ^^jann.
Demerit, i^U^ hakdrat, ild^ masaUat,
Demerit, v, (deserve blame or punish-
ment), Jjbliwl utdhal, fj^^\ utahak,
Demi, ^-q^.» naaf.
Demise. See Decease, Death.
Democracy, s, j^^a^s^ jamhUr,
Demolish, v. f^y>- iharab, ^ JUb hadam,
iX>- hadd, [mukhrth.
DemoliBher^ <. a jU AdiJtm, u.9-.^r*
Demolished, l^^jS^ makhrHh^ (^3*H^
mahdum. To be demolished, 4^,^^!
tnkharab. [.(^^*^^ tnhiddm.
Demolition, c->t^ khardh, aJJ^ ^a(^m.
Demon, 9. ^Ik^ shaytdn (pi. ^^Lj«
«A<z^d^{n). A sylvan demon, J^ yAti/.
Demoniac, «. ^yLi*y nuukun, {^y^
tnqfnUn,
Demonstrable, f^\i^\ JjlS kdhil al bur-
hdn, J^Jb^ll ^Mi ggj^h^ muatahsan al
madluL
Demonstrably, t^U? sdAtrtfn.
Demonstrate, c^.^;^! azhar, ^^ji larhan.
Demonstrated, ^j^j^ mubarhan*
Demonstration, JJ J ddU^ ij^ji hurhdn
(Pl- c;:^^]/ iordAln), vulJl Mat.
An evident demonstration, <^J ^oy-
yMio^ (pi. CL>Lj hayyindt). Evident
demonatrations,^^^!^ ^ £^\j iJL^lsf^
A^Li hujjdtwddihattoahardhlnidti^t.
Demonstrative, demonstratory, ci^-^
5tfrMnf. A demonstrative cause.
Demonstratively, iS^ji ^y. bi wafhin
hurhdnh
Demonstrator, «. ^jibj^ mubarkm.
Demur, v, ^^j\ irtdh, cjCi^ Mhak.
Demure, l^S\ u-'^fwLg «dA»i adab,
Demureness, jU^ wakdr.
Den, «. (cave of a wild beast), ^li^^r;
(a valley), ^^<^|^ i^d(ft; (a woody place),
^U yhdbat.
Deniable, jl^Sl ^jL%^ mumkm al inkdr.
Denial, ^ICtftnJ^r, ^Ju nafi, ^.^pJuimZ^.
To give a flat denial (to give the lie),
m
Denied, j^J^ mankur.
Denier, t.Jj^ munkir.
Denigrate, v. 4>^ tatmoad.
Denizen. See Citizen.
Denominate, v. ^<^t^ sammt^m
Denominated, ^<^«mm^ jntMenntmi'.
Denomination, a««1 Mm, c^^gl /oiUi.
Denominator, a. ,^y«iM«^ mfwammf.
Denote, v. a. Jl^ ^lam.
Denoted, /^yj^ tnarkum.
Denounce, v,j^ khabbaryj^\ aahar.
Denouncement, Aa\ t^tem, jl^\ uikdr.
Dense, im^i/S ktuHf,
Density, o\j^sf\ injirndd.
Deny, v,^\ ankar, i^X,t adah. There*
fore he commanded and forbade, invested asd
deposed, and gave and denied till the end of
the day, J^\^ J^j ^^^ ^5f J^^
Depart, v. (go away), .1j rdh^ y\^
•dfoTf J^j rahal, ^Jisj] mtakal,
hajar \ (to apoetati^), JJ^I arUd^
DEP
(687)
DEP
Department (office), 4^J^ kkidmaL
Departure, J^a^f irtiMl, (^Ujst'Adi.
We aliehted here, then we departed ; such is
the world (such is life)— a landing followed by
a departure. And yet men think that there
is permanency in tne world, whilst the [>er-
xnanency of men in the world is a mere im-
poesibUity, \j^ ^^J^^Vf^ ^ ^f-'
Depaaperate, v.yi fakkar* •
Depend, 9. (have a relation to), ^^ju
ta^aUai ; (to be in a state of expecta-
tion), ^kJt itUoiar. To depend upon
(trastto), Sasa\ i^tamad, ^^hsS i^takad.
Dependance, dependancy, dependence,
dependency (relation of one thing to
anotiher), jLu ta^aUuk (pi. C^IaLu
ta^aUukdt), JL«>U^ mundiobiU; (tmst),
fc>U::x1 i^ikddf jUclc! i^imdd.
Dependant, dependent (relative), f^JC^
tnuia^Miky c^^«yy^ matMb ; (subject).
Dependant, dependent, depender, «. (upon
another), ^Ijf tdli^.
Deplorable, ^X^ mubakhl^ (contemp-
tible), fy^ nuamiJLm.
Deplorableness, ,X^ Jl>-M/ mubahkl.
Deplore, v, ^\& ^.jLi'lj taassaf ^M*
The wild doires lamented for me and ex-
pressed their pity ; had they deplored me, it
would ha?e surprised no one. While tiiey
were lamenting me from among the leaves,
their harmonious measures and warblinn
caused the branches of the trees to tremble
out of pity for me,c:^V«l^_Jx cu-«>-l3
Deplored, 4Jlc ^X^ muhia* ^allhu
Deplnme, v* (poll off feathers),
l/*ii\ ntUa/arrUh.
Deponent, «. (witness), JJhLl shdkid.
Depopulated, c^j^^ makhruh*
Depopulation, <--.^|^ khar&h
Depopulator, «• ^jS^ mukharrtb.
Depose, 9. (from a throne), 2Jls>- kkah^;
(from an office), Jijc ^mal; (to give
testimony), Jkf^ shehed.
Deposed, JjJ«^ ma^iU.
Depositary, s. (person with whom ouy-
thing is lodged), cJyu**.^ mwtawdi^
Deposit, 9, h\^\ amdnat, ^(^ wadl^t
(pL ^f<^ toaddyi^. By way of de-
posit, ij\^\ (ji)oi hitarfk tU am&nat.
Deposit, V. ^J^ wadit^
Deposited, 9}^y mawdu^
Deposition (evidence), if jlfl shakddai.
Depravation, depravedness, depravement,
depravity, jlmifoidd, j^Haj] Msikli.
Deprave, v. Jum5 fasad.
Depraved, JsJs^ mukhtal, Jy^Lt mafiad.
Depraver, «. JumA^ murfM, l)^ tnukkil*
Deprecate, r. jiicnj\ istaghfar^ jdJO^\
Deprecation (imploring forgiveness),
j\ki&^\ utig^dr, \ijc^\ uti^d; (inter-
cession), JulLl skafd^at*
Deprecator, 9. Jaca^^ mwtagkfir \ (a
mediator), <^jg.A shafi^
Depreciate, v, Jj^l istartal, Jl^
kakar, ^U\ akdn.
Depredate, v, Sj\i J^b^ ^amdlgkdra, Ju
yagkgkamt v-^ ndkah.
Depredation, Uju yagkmd, HjKs. gkdra.
Depredator, f.^jyi clLS kattd^attmrlk.
Depress, 9. ^^ toatta ; (humble), J J
9iaU,jL^ kakar, ^Ul akdn.
Depressed, ^^:J>- kaklr, Jj)j^ mailul,
jjisr^ makkHr, l^U^ kkdyib, ^\^
munkdn.
DEE
(588)
DES
Depression (abasement), (S;^^ UkJiI,
j^iAa^ tahklr, f;U». hak&raU
Depressor, #. Jj^ mi»t7»
Deprivation, f\sA i^m.
Deprive, v. ic^ c JJ nata^ ^naho, aiX^
^adam, itj>^ haram. To deprive of an
office or dignity, J^ ^oaaL
Deprived, ^Jlc ^adim, (^^jS^ mahrum.
To be deprived, ^jS^\ inharam.
Depth, Jh«x ^mk. In the depth of
winter, IimJ\ Lmsj ^J fl foaaat ashahitd,
or liAll 4.^ ^flhalb ashaMtd.
Deputation (vicegerency), ^l^ wakdlat,
i)Lj niffdhaL
Depute, V. f^j\ arsai; (appoint), i^^^)
fMMoh ; (to send a deputation), J«^\
^^ araal wukald. [mwBal.
Deputed, «• ^Ji^c^ mata^f^in, u^^j^
Deputy, 8, iw-^U nd'ib, J^j wahl (pi.
i^^ umkala), J^yt muwakkal, jy^
mdm9i.ry i^^ hawdla,jJi»\^ mt^dshir.
A deputy vested with full powers, ^}^j
j;lk« waltil mutlah. The deputy of
a judge, ^USt i.^U n&'ib al Icddl,
Deracinate, v. (tear up by the roots), e J/
nata^ ^ hda^ [jS^ hajar.
Dereliction (abandoning), ilfj tarah,
Deride, r. jS^**^ tamaskAar, cg^f^»
4stahia\
Derided, ^Csi*^ madhakaU To be de-
rided, tijsf**^ j^ %dr maskhara*
Derider, s» dX^-U ddhik, jSt**^"^
mtUtatnoikhir, k^Jf^***^ mtutahzi.
Derision, ijS^*^ nuukkarat, \jfiJ\ tstihMd,
tamaskhur. And when the King
«
heard hu words, he laughed in derinon of him,
80 that he fell hackwaras, and said to him, 0
my grief ! 0 my affliction ! 0 Saleh, I OBed
to tmnk thee a man of good sense, and an ex-
cellent youth, who attempted not aught but
what was right, and uttered not anght but
what was just ! ^1^ CXUll «..4^ Uli
M
Derisive, derisory, {jSis^^^ ^^ thf
mudhik.
Derivable, J^^\ JilS kdhtl al huul.
Derivation, ?j^f^itJ3*^ ntdUr, rr^/^^
ikkrdj, j\£::J^\ ishtikdk.
Derivative, ^Vv* fi^t}' ^ derivative
noun, ^JsJm^ j^) ism mushtak. Deri-
vatives, c:jU^a:l« mutafarrtt^L De-
rivatively, lA^ f ^ hinaw^ fi^^i
Derive, v. ^^Ou0 sadar min^ ^ (J^\
ashtsk min. To derive advantage, ^^^>^
£jjli KmboI fdyidat.
Derived, jjl^ «<ZJtr, (^J^ muM^Jt,
^j^ tnutafarra^. To be derived,
fjsJl»\ (uhtak.
Deriver, $.jXa^ musdir.
Derogate, v» (act contrary to some former
law or custom), Jlajl ahtai, t^ls^
khdlaf, jAc ghdyar ; (to disparage),
^^£>* hakar.
Derogation (breaking or making void a
law), JUajf ihtdl\ (disparaging),
(^Us:Ll Utikhfif.
Derogative, derogatory, ^U/« mv^hayir^
uJlUi'^ mukhdlif. {tffisIL
Dervis, «. (Eastern monk), \J^^j*^ dor-
Descend, v* ^^ ntaui. To oaoae to
descend, JjJ nossa/, ^^jj\ amuUn
Descendant, desoendantB, «. Jw nasi (pL
DES
(589)
DES
JLj\ ansdi)y i^^ i»«aJ(pl. L^\mj\
afudh).
Descendant, descending, Jj^ ndtU;
(proceeding firom), jOL^ iddir.
Descendible, iJ\ JjjJl ^/^ mumkin
Descent, decension, Jjjp niail/. Ascent
and descent of kindred, ^jj/^ J^^
tMfl/ wafr^^ ; (lineage), J^l m/, JmJ
«a«/, Cy%>M) natab, CZ--^^ i»»*-. The
steps of descent (in consangainity),
JjjjJ! c^Ip-jJ darajat annuzid. To
make a hostile descent, ffjU J»^i^ ^ama/
ghdra.
Describe, v, u^j tTMo/l
Described, \^^y mawBHf,
Describer, s. f^j rdsim, i*-itf|^ todsif.
Description, ^Li haydn, J--.aij <a/»l/,
uJjyw ta^rif, uJ-tfj wa»/l Descrip-
tion of a country, SL^\ VijV?^ takhtU
al hilad. \J^ khabhar.
Descry, v: u.Po.( huhaf; (to announce),
Desert, ». i^ harriyatfji harrtji hafr.
The desert of the children of Israel,
Jj^ -rf^ L5^ ^ ^* ^^ /«ral/. The
wild beasts of the desert, ^Jflf L^i^3
umkush id harriyat.
Desert (wild, solitary), l^^ khardh,
JU* khdh, jy^jt^j^ ghayr ma^nr.
Desert (merit), J^ fadl, jUflcL-j\
istihkdk.
Desert, r. (abandon), y«^ hqfar, vl^
^aib. To desert one's country,
biSLil^Ji tarik btlddo. To desert
the world (retire to solitude), Ij jJI CSp
tarak addunyd. To desert one another,
^j^lff iahdjarU.
Deserted, jys^ mahjUr, ^if^ matruh
Deserter, «• /«jjf« ma^am, <--^U Adrti^.
Desertion, y«^ A^, ^^^yj:* Ayrfin, d^
tark*
Deserve, v. (good or ill), fjs^\ istahak,
^...^jXrfl Utauojab, Jjbli^\ istdhal.
To deserve reward, ^jo^^ S-^^j^^**^
mmtaiwjib dl ^wad. To deserve honour
or respect, fjWjl^ <*r^!^ ^^'^Z*^ *'^"
^aya^ Todeservedeath, JiJJl^^i^ul
istahak al kail.
Deserved, Jfjcijo*^ intM^Aa£.
Deservedly, j;>. JXj bikol hak.
Deserrer, «• Jjbl:yyuw« muatdhU.
Design, s. (intention), JuaS kasd, 4tJ
nly tf ^, ^^ ^of m, XaL* maksad. With
design, JusaII^ btlkasd, \x^ ta^m'
mudan» Without design, J^^ai^^^^
min ghayr maksnd. According to the
design, (^\;^\ i^^m'^ Juuab al mar dm.
A design (of an artist), ^j roam.
Design, v. (purpose), Xai kasad; (to
plot), Jli^l ihtdl; (to delineate).
M^j rasam. [kdhil arrasm.
Designable, (^**^ji yartatim, m»^\ JjIS
Designation (marking out), gj\Jti\ ishdrat,
Jule ^aldmat, ^j rasm*
Designed (proposed), JyaL-9 maksUd;
(delineated), ^y^j^ marsHm.
Designedly, ^i^oSj bi kasdin, Iju^ kaadan,
^jLvCb biikhtiydrin.
Designer, 9, ^\j rdiim; (a plotter) ,^U
mdkir,JS^ makkdr, J^ls^ muhtdh
Designing, adf. ^y^^^ muhtdl.
Desire (passion, wish), Jb\:>^ khdiiff
^yb hawaSf Jf^ shatok, SLij rughbat ;
(request), c^-JJ? talab, J^^ su-dL A
humble desire, ^V^ tamanni, 9;^
tadarru^. A longing desire to see any
person or thing, jl«:^l Mtaydk. To
DES
(690)
DES
excite desire, ^^^j raghghab^ jj-J*
shawwak. To baye a strong desire,
jls-l) Mtak. Agreeable to desire
(or wisb), aSjA^S y^^^s^ hasab al
maram* According to desire (or re-
quest), v_ '^^^ i_-""^ htuab al ialab.
So when the King saw what she did to him,
his loTe for her increased, and his desire for
her became yiolent. He imagined that she
was enamonred of him, and he confided in
her, and proceeded to embrace and to kiss her,
Desirable, i^j^y marghnh.
Desire (wish for), ^jf^\ uhtaha\ jtJ;.!
UMak^ v-j^ raghih, JU t/ia/; (to
request), v,yJU UiM, ^^J^ tammna\
c "jJS tadarra^* And she replied, 0
my son, by heayen, I desire for thee nothing
bnt good success, and I wish she may be wim
thee ; for thon art the shining moon, and she
is the rising snn. (Moon is masc. sun is fem.)
Desired (asked for), ^^^ maHQb;
(wished for), ^fy^ margkuhy ^^^f^-*
muihtahi.
Desirer, %, i^lL idlib.
Desirous, ^^sJL^mwhUik, K^^h\jragh%b.
Desirous of war, ^->;^f c-^)^ rdghih
al harh. Desirous of peace,
^^\ rdghib asntlh. To be desirous,
^y^ toihawwakf fj\:J^\ tshtdk.
Desist, C/p tarak, ^ ^jIa ^adda' ^on,
Ojifaragh. [l^^jS^ tnalhrnh.
Desolate (laid waste), L^)/^^ kkardh,
iharabff^ ,s>'tharrab.
To make desolate, (^/uk>>y awhaak. And
when she beheld him, she embraoed him is
the presence of her &ther, clnng to him, liseed
him, and said to him, Thoa hast Budeme
desolate by thine absence, ^^j l^
Desolately, V^r^ l^rdlan.
Desolater, «. c— ?-i:^ mukkryh. Bat
I was not aware when there alighted anoct
ns the terminator of delights, the separator of
companions, the desolator of abodes, tb.
rarager of inhabited mansions, the destzvrer
of the great and the small, the infuits, tb«
children, and the mothers, ^^^a^i ^
J^j cjI jU^ ^Jl» W J>i ^
i-*j jjljJ^ ui^r*5 ^*^'^'
jUJIj jl-^t ,jii*,
ju«\^u\ ,,j:i
>v
Desolation, S**)/^ Vhardl.
De8pair,U-^l ^l3kkat^aTTajd^yjj\ij^.
Despair, v. \-^J^ j-i=^ hata^ arrajd.
Express a hish valne even for one wbidi u
of fittle worth, and return thanks jeren for tbi;
minutest present Be not desperate at mat-
ing with refusal, nor think it impossible thit
a hard rock should yield water ; nor despair of
God's spirit-help, for that is the part of m
infidel, J^/^\j ^j^\ e^ j^;
J\Ji ^l *U\ ^jj ^y^h * *^'
Despairer, «. l>Ot ^li idto^ orra/d.
Despairingly, Wjyt^ cr* "••* ^^^ ^*
De^rate (hopeless), {j^y}^ mdyU;
(irretrievable), \j*^\ Ai*Xc ^aiim ad-
dated; (rash), j^fL/t mn^a^iptriir.
Desperately (furiously), ]j^f^ mulakM-
mran; (in a great degree), ^l« W
Desperateness, j^ iakawumr.
Desperation. See Despair.
BES
(591)
DET
Despicable, despisable, JJj sahl, ^Jd
danif «aA>- haklr.
DespicablenesSy ij\l^ hakdrat, i'\jJ
danaat; despicably, S;U»> JG bikol
hakdrat.
Despise, v,jJS^- hakoTfjAr^x^A istahkar.
Despised, j^^^^ mahkur, j^Ji^- hakir,
^l^ muhdn.
Despiser, s.yLs^ muhkir, ^j^^ muhln.
Despite, despitefalness (spite, malice),
i^\jx. ^addwat, J^a». hakd, ^j^m huffhd.
Despite, v.S\>' jdkar.
Despiteful, J^ft>^ hakud,
Despitefolly, ^Kj nakdyai.
Despoil, 9. ^A*A salabf Uju J.«ix ^mdl
yaghmdj Juui^ afsad. Covetoasness
does not induce me to throw m^rself into de-
struction. He then approached it, and, going
round about it, examined it warily; and lo,
tbere was a deep pit, which the owner of the
▼ineyard had dug to oateh the wild beasts that
despoiled the vineyard, w^LSl ^<Ju4^)tj
Despondency, ^ gham.
Despot, s. (tyrant), JU? zdlim, ji^
jdhtr,ji\s>^jdyir.
Despotic, JiiUu^ mustaktU, \^mS^ mu-
tataUit, Despotic power, despotism,
yLuJ tasaUut, f^i3s^\ UtUddl.
Dessert, b. (last coarse), Ja3 nukl.
Destination (appointment), ^ niyat,
jL^ murddf JL^ ito<i, (jCyC yharad;
(appointed place), ^T/^ mofja^^Jk^
maharr.
Destine, v. ^^ t^y^^t Lya,-^s>- khauM.
Destined, j^^ mtikarrar,j Ji^ mukaddar,
fjt^f^ mu^yyan, ^j^jc^ tnuta^yan.
Destiny, c, ■> Mrr> nasih, ijL^aer hakht,
<UumJ kigmaL Thus we continued to
do until destiny conreyed us to a beautiful
island, abounding with trees bearing ripe ihiit,
where flowers diffused their firamnoe, birds
warbled, and pure riYers flowed; but there
was not an inhabitant in it, nor a blower of a
fire, Ui5» ^^ JUUll JjJb Jlx. JjJ ^^
j\^i\ Ij^ h4^ Iji^ ^^Ji^U^l
Destitute (in want of), ii^-^ls^ khdyih,
jM/akid, 0^Ssu9 mafkud; (abandoned,
left), dyjr^ matriLk, Jj As^ mal^ilh
Destitute of strength, >-lc ^djiz.
Destroy, v. ^^ fana\ (^js>^ kharah,
(.JjJ tola/; (to lay waste), <^j^
kharrab. To destroy buildings, i*JUb
hadam. To destroy (kill), Jsj katal.
Destroyed, (^^^^^^ ma^Hm, c^]^ kha-
rdh, (^jjSf^ makhrUhf /«j«^f^ mahdutn.
Destroyer, m.l^JjJS^ m«^t3, a jU hddim,
Juui^ mufsid*
Destruction, ^.^,ar takhrih. And if
he find him in safety, it is what he desires,
and thou wilt be thanked and praised ; but if
he be not found in thy country, or if any evil
have befallen him, receive tidiness of destruc-
tion, and of the ruin of thy territories,
Destructive, Juwi^ mufsid, ^a/% mudirr,
vli3u^ muhUk,
Destructively, Ulf« tnuhUkan,
Desultory, f^y^^ji^ mughdyir alkd-
. ntln, fjkcUlluJ^ khUdf dl kd^idat.
Detach, v. ^^farak»
DET
(692)
DEV
Detachment, «. (a body of troops), ^^
faujy Ijjijlrkat, <1^ Muk.
Detail, s, (minute account), Jg>flAJ tafill.
In detail, JyairJl ^le. ^M attafill^
\^^ iMfildan. To detail, J-^/eMJo/,
Detain, v. (withhold), uJS^l OM^ib/'. To
detain in custody.
Detained, ^jyuyS-sr* muA^o^M. Detained
in prison, ^^^^i^r* mahhiU.
Detect, «. ujLuu^ iashaf, j^\ (nhar.
Detected, i^ylS^ mdkshuff i^ti\\^
munkashif.
Detector, s. L^lUli kasha/, LM»\^kd8h%f.
Detection, jl^\ i%hdr, cjLwu^ kaehf,
(^U^f inkUhdf.
Detention, uJJy tawln/j^a^^ hoar.
Deter, v. uJjc^ khawwaf, t—agwj tc^aiU-
Determinable, J.^1 (^;^Ub« mMinJ&tn a/
/m^, Jj j^\ Jjti jl<s&»7 attahdid.
Determinate,detennined(limited),Jj4Xs^
mahdnd; (established), ^^^^Ltmuibrrar,
(■■?j.a;< mansuh ; (conclusive), «^U
Determinately, f^^ J^ ^t^J tamlm,
Determination (intention), Ju^ kasd,
A^jC ^Mtn, ij\j\ irddai; (resolution),
J)U:;L^t istikldl; (decision), j^Js^jazm,
Jl^ hukm; (limitation), JjJea^to^i^.
Determine, v. (fix limits), JJ^^ haddad;
(to conclude finally), a:^ khatam; (to
decide), Jl». hakam ; (to adjust), JaJ
nosam ; (to resolve), /^Jc ^atam.
Detest, 17. fjok) haghad, sjc>^\ utakrah.
Detestable, a^J^ makruh, ij^ karth.
Detestably, *V^l; hi UUkrdh.
Detestation, i\J:iJi uiikrdh, Ljb\^ ka-
rdhiyat iib\^ kardhat.
Detester, «• 2f^C".,«*i^ mwtakrih.
Dethrone, t^. J^ ^oto/, ^^ kkala^.
Dethroned, Jjjj*^ tna^nl, ^j^ Pj^^^
CS^\ ^^SnuJsMiL^inkurnalfmdk,
Detract, v, *|J tahaim.
Detractor, «. ^Ij ^f?Aii».
Detraction, ^ILb iUff tuhmat h&tHai.
Detriment, jfy^ darar, ij\MS>^ khtudrti.
Detiimental,^«d^ mudirr.
Devastation, \^^ ^ takhrih,
Develope, v. u,o^^ kashaf.
Devest (divest), v. ^^ cAo^ZtiA.
Deviate, v, (stray from the right road),
J^ (fa/; (to err, sin), ^^SiSLs^.^ akhid,
•To deviate from a purpose, ol^ had.
Deviation, wandering, Jli <2«ia/.
Device (contrivance), ^Jj tadbJr. A
device (on a shield, etc.) A^ic ^oJami^.
Devil, ^Ua^ shaytdn (pi. ^^^\m <jb-
yd^In); (a wicked man or woman),
jljJ^ sharir (pi. j 1^1 oihrdr).
Devilish, cJUa*^ shaytdnl; (horrible),
uJ^"^ mttkhatowif, i^J^ tnahr&Jk,
Devilishly, ^IkJLjl^ kd$hshayi&n.
Devious, Jlj ddh
Devise, v, ^y^\ tkhtara^, f "^^ ihtada^.
Then she beguiled him with words, and with
soft discourse ; and he knew not what artifices
she had devised against him, \^\ ^
Devise, «. (last will), Zm^j UHUtyai^
Devised, ^JC/t inti^iu2a^3ar.
Deviser, <• J^^ mtl;u/^ fj^^*^ ii»t«iA-
tari^. A. deviser by last wiU, 15^^
DU
(593)
DIE
Devoid, ^^ ihdU, ^«X£ ^adlm.
Devoir. See Civility, Compliment, Doty.
Devolve, v. ^j waka^.
Devote, v.j^ fumar.
Mf
Devoted (appropriated), ^^y^jt^mu^yan;
(addicted), JjU mdy%l\ (to Ood),
j^su^ manaur; (affectionate), ^jAs^
mukhtaa, ^yas^ moi^fi^.
Devotedly, ^jol.tfx.^.l J^ ^iib/ iiA^Ma«,
Devotee, «• (devoat person), jJbtj sd^ii,
jjU ^hH ; (saperstitioiiB person),
sdhtb Imdn hdiil.
Devotion (piety), il jLfi ^hddat; (submis-
sive obedience, attachment), <U.0^«d>-
khususiyat, *i^^\ inkiydd, ^^^ ^ti-
hudiyaU
Devour, v. «Jl^ hala^, t^^ ^tala^,
Devoored, ^^lu^ mablii^.
Devonrer, <. Ocu^ mubtali^,
Devoat, JJbiJ stdhid, ^jf^ mutauforri^.
Devoutly, J jLc J^ 3t%0/ ^ddat, Jij
(^^ &t^^ takwa\
Dew, v^JJ noi^'.
Dew,«. (moisten with dew, etc.), v^Jj^U
Dexter, ^^j^ ^amln. See Eight.
Dexterity, ijCi«0 tan^, ^uLli k&Miyat.
Dexterous, uJ^^ c^-f^ t^ «dAt5 tasarruf.
Dexterously, ^Lkx^ ,JG ^lib/ san^at.
Diabetes, ^Ur^\ ij^ Jmirat al^hakh&kh.
Diabolical, See Devilish.
Diadem, ^l? tdj. See Crown.
Diagonal, <-->jjlb hikoarh, J\ i^\j ^^
^yj min tdwyat M %&wy<U.
Diagonally,c-9^^lj3f^ar3.SeeObliquely.
Dial, «. i,,yM,^ i^Ls 9&^at shamtleh. The
pin or style of a dial, J[f Ut ^j^
Dialect, ^U ludn.
Dialectic, JiViV4»ll Jc£ ^t'/m o^ tnaniik.
See Logic.
Dialectical, ^<aL:>^ man^oii.
Dialogue, i^\A^ muxdiarai, ^IC« mtf-
kdlamat, ij^^^^ muhdwarat. See Con-
versation.
Diameter,^^ kair. See Axis.
Diamond, t. ^^U!l a/m4«.
Diaphanous (transparent), uJlLl shaffaf.
Diaphragm (midriff), c-^Jill (^\^hifdb
dkalh.
Diarrhoea, Jlf^l uhdl^ Jlfwujl insihdL
Diary, s, ^^\^j rosndmah.
Dice (game at), ^jdjUail k^^w] la^h attdwla.
Dictate, v, (prescribe), ^»C». hakam,j^\
amar.
Dictate, ». ^Ulc^^ tuu^llhi,y\ amr.
The dictates of the heart, l^>\a\\j^\^\
atpdmir alkalh.
Diction, JuK kalimat (pi. CL^UK ib/t-
mdtX ZlaiS 2eiM (pl- ^^f ^fi^)f
Dictionary, «. ^\ l^\s^ kitdh ullayhat.
Did, preL of do, J.4wC ^ama/.
Didactic, Juc« mu^lim, *^*^y muwad-
dib, ^^4»Amj fa^llmh
—
Die, V. CI^U md^, ^y tawaffa. To be
a martyr, Ju^ CL^U md^ thahld. To
die suddenly, <dii _!L£ c^U mdt ^la'
ghaJU\ (to perish), Ci3jb Mti^; (to
witheras a vegetable), Jj J <?iM. And
they said, If the King is dead, he has left this
iDgenious Prince ; and he who has left such
as he is not dead, (JjflU ^l^ ^ fjllij
Die, f . (tinge), wm^ sabayh*
38
DIP
(594)
DIG
Die, ^^ hum. A die (cabe)|
ka^b (pi. L^\^ ki^ah).
Dier, 8, iy^ iobldgh.
Diet (food), ^^UL ta^Am, J^t M\ (an
allowance of food by the rules of medi-
cine or moderation), J^\ J\j&c\
imJtJui\^ i^idal al aid wiuhskirh. A
diet or general assembly of nobles,
\^\ 2^4^ mqfma^ umard.
Diet, V. (to eat sparingly, or by rule),
Hr^!^ J^ib Jjoftl i^^oW ha aU
woBhihirh,
Differ, v. (to be distinguished from), j^j
fardk) (to be at Tariance), L^alcLrwl
ikhidlaf.
Difference(distinction),^^/arit,uJli£>^\
ikhtildf, j\f^\ imtijfdi ; (variance),
LJhs^\ ikhtildf, j\aJ^ ahikdk. To
make a difference (distinguish), ^j3
farak, U« mayyat. To cause a differ-
ence (excite a quarrel), ^UmJI ^^j
rama^ ashshikdk.
Different (distinct), ^qI^A^ mukhtalif.
Of different qualities, uJLtf^il ^qItijt^
mukhtalif alawsdf. Different sorts,
i^Luit aksdm, clyl anwd^. In dif-
ferent manners, ^jSzJs^ c\^\) hi an^
icd^in mukhtalifat. [khildf nau>^
Differently, li^ farkan, c y uJ)Lsr' 1%
Difficult (not easy), i,^^n<i ta^, j^MtA
^<Mfr. Conditions difficult to be ob-
served, ^VcfSI ^jt***^ ^}j^ shardyet
^oArat arri^dyaL A difficult pass
(through a country), j(j^1-m*x J^:^
mahall ^aUr al tnurHr. . A distemper
difficult to be cured, ^tji\j^u^»*£. ^y
murad ^sir al ^Idj. A difficult affair,
JiJL^j^\ amr mmhkal. DifficultieSy
LZ)i^JL^ muihkildt A reqaest diffl-
oolt to be obtained, jSjc^ c3r*^
^ya^\ma8u^miUa.^a^^kuM.
Difficultly, liyuc JJIj hihil m^^ikat,
^}JJMAJ hi mushkilf ^^J^ hardkm^
zf ^X^ \f^ karahtn.
Difficulty,^^dMiX ^usr, Jjju ta^alkti, hyuo
tu^Ubat ; (opposition), ^\zxA i^tirdit
J^aIIst^ mukhdlafat.
Diffidence, ^Jby tawakhum^ ^(f^ shuhkiiy
i^j/, hurudat, j\x:s!i \ aiXa ^adam d
i^tkddm
Diffident, ^JbjS^ tnutawahhim ; (uncer-
tain), aAjl^j^ gkayr ma^um. To
be diffident, ^iby iawahham.
Diffidently, i[^ J^ htkol skubkaL
Diffuse, 9.yuJ tuuhoTf ^\JL\ a^kdc. To
diffuse odours, -.U fdh, ^ nafdh. To
diffuse science, /•^V ^<^\ adUL^ ^
Diffuse, diffused, diffusive, ^j^ fMilr:
jM*s^^ muntashir, jym \m tMnUkir
«^L& shdyt^, ijo\su9 pmfdd, ^'j
fdshi. To be diffused, JLcj\ inUuiM.
Diffusedly, diffusely, diffusively^ JJL^j
J>j..aiJ^ ^ jL hikol ikarkm
Diffusedness, diffusion, diffusi
j\JmSj\ intishdr, ^\J^\ ishd^oL
fusiveness of speech, Jj^gaJ ts^
Diffusion of odours, ^ na/h.
Dig, v.jk^- hafar.
Digest, V. (in the stomach), M^alb
(to reduce to order), Ja3
Digested (as meat, etc.),
(^y^i^ muhdikm\ (arranged),
muraitahf (^^o:^ fnarasftw.
DIL
(595)
DDf
Digester, t . Jt^a^mtikMm ; (arranger),
sia\j ndzm.
Digestible, wigv» ^anhaiim; (capable of
being arranged), a11s:u]I\ Jj\i idM al
Digestion (of food), f^^atb hadm^ Kedioine,
or anything assisting digestion, /X^
hadddm.
Digestive, the digestive power, iyi]
iA^\^\ al Hw(U d hdHmid.
Dight, «. ^j ta^<m. See To Deck,
Dress, Adorn.
Dignified, cJ^ mmharraf^ <— ^j^
Bharif, jddl jj sa 0^ hadr. To be
dignified, uJ^ tasharraf.
Dignify, p. /b/\ akrtm.
Dignitary, t. £aJ^j i....%^l^«d^1^t9asl/^a^.
Dignity, iJ^ tnartabai, ^\J^ ihdn,
•Ji Itadr, ijdS htdrat, i^^^nm man-
: sabf imJ^jJa ^araf, h%^fj>^ huHmat,
is^jt^ darqfa^r Xl^ mofisafa^ The
.: royal dignity, ^^laLi «a/i0afMi^* Sapreme
^ dignity, iJiXa ioddrat. High in
dignity, j JiS\ J-i^r jalil al ladr.
.Digress, v. ^yj ^^^^\ ^js, ^^
r . \^)j^^ kharqf ^ al madmHn hinaw^
^ . ul i^ir&d. See Expiate, Wander,
Deviate. A digression, ^jfi\^^ i^ttrdd.
. jHke, jLa «<M^, ^^iL« iukir. See Bank,
. Monnd, Ditch.
' Dilate, Jc^f imtad. See Extend, Spread
"^ out; Eelatc diflFdsely, Widen, Grow
' *" Mlatorinees, vj^y tuwdni. [wide.
dilatory, ii^^t ^Lu hatl al harahat.
Hlemma, f. S^«»- Alrtf^, <Uj) law^at,
^ ^Jd^ rmuhkU. See Perplexity.
Hligenoe, l^luJ 9mw^^, AtcJbt t^^trndm.
Diligent, Jua^ mukayyad, %^^ rv-L^
«d^f, «3uAs^ imito^yM^, To be dili-
gent, Jua7 takctyyad, ^Ji Idtam, JJ^l>*
y«Aitf. DUigently, J^|x>>jJ^ J^ ^M
/oi «J« jahd. [ ^^ waddak .
Dilneidate, 9. ^ ^ajfyofi, .^ sharah,
Dilute, 9. (^..aAj^ i^Aa/a/. To dilate wine
with water, Uil^ w\yLi\ ^J^ tnoBOf
acA«Aardft wdlmd.
Dilated, ^^Jt manwaj. Dilated wine,
Uj TTJlJ^y^^ ihamr momsO; hmd,
Diluter, «. ^^^ mura^l.
Dilation, Ji»- Aa/*
Dilavian, (jU^ tawafdn^. [lim.
Dim (obeoore), ^iM^ mu^im^ Jda^ m«s-
Dimenaion, ^1«xL« mukddfp ijutj tMS^i,
Diminish, p. (make less), Jli haUal,jfLa
sayhyhary ^joAi naikas ; (to grow less),
Jj half Jt^y^ sdr JsahL
Diminished, ^/oili ndkis. Diminished
in price or valae, la^U munhat.
Diminution, ^^^ naks, ^LaAJ nuksdn,
J-Ui- taklll.
Diminutive, Jt«a^ musayhghar, JLL«
mukallah A diminutive noun, ^t
^#.<.tf;!\ urn al taaghir.
Diminutively, J^JlaiJU hiUaJdtl,
Diminutivene8s,^^Ai^ ntghr.
Dimness, Ia^ udmat. Dimness of sight,
jAi\ XJl^ udnuU al hasar.
Din, ^UJi Bhamdta^ ^jl^ wdkoM,
Dine, 4^<J^ Ughadda\
Ding. See Dash, Bluster, Hufil
Dining-room, aUL! t J^r^ mahall atta^dm.
Dinner, aUL ta^dm, \*xi ghadd.
Dinner-time, \*>ii\ kr.J|^ wM dlghadd.
DI3
(596)
DIS
Dint (impression), jUl asdr; (conta8ion)|
(jM^ hars ; (blow), ifj^a darhat \
(force, power), j^\ %awr, iji kuwat.
Dip, fj*A2£, ghattUf w«0 Mibagh,
Diploma, JCi^i ianad.
Dire, 4»i^^ mukhaiwmf.
Direct, S^^ '^^^ (»j?^"*^*^ mtM^ifelfii;
(not ambiguous), ^tj wddih.
Direct, v. (instruct), c^jI aMab; (to
point out the way), Jj daU, ^jjjb
hada\ Jul^l arshad ; (to prescribe),
^f amr, f^^»- hakam ; (to adjust), |Ja3
nasam.
Directed (led), Jjc^^ mundal, i^*ys>^
tnuhtadli (regulated), ^-^^ muriUt4^.
Direction, j\J^j\ irshdd; (preoept), m^j
raim; (command),^^! amr, jL>^hukm;
(path), fjijb tarlk; (um), J^aS kasd,
ftjs. ^osm, (jo^ gharad. A direotion-
word under the last line of a page,
and repeated at the top of the follow-
ing page, catch-word, )aAj rdhiU
Director, «. (guide), J^f«3 dalnl; (in-
structor), 6J^y murshid,jJj^ mushir.
Directly (in a straight line), ^^^Jiam^L^
hi khatt mustakim; (immediately), ^i
JLsll /l7 hdl; (without ambiguity),
H^Jii ^J ^^ min dan shubhaL
Direful. See Dire.
Direness. See Horror.
Dirk, 8.y^:>- hhanjar. See Dagger. .
Dirt, ^j woiakhf XJljJ zubdlaL
Dirtiness, ^^ toasakh, ^[ofT najdtat.
Dirty, ^j «^fl«M, {j**sfr nqfu.
Dirty, v. ^j tDOSsakh, ^j*^ najjat.
Dis, as a privatiTe, is expressed in com-
position by^^^ Ughagr, ^^jj hidUn,
i Id, \^ md, ^«Xfi ^dam, and |»jJl£
^o^m, as: —
Disability, ij\i^\ aJlc ^adam td hafdy^t.
Disable, v. L,a*.^ dSs^^o/l
Disabuse, v. laUll ^ ^^5^ foAAo' mim.
al ghakU,
Disaccustom, r. See Disuse. [darar.
Disadyantage, disadyantageouBneaa, jjJ
Disadvantageous, if jjUII i*J[<Xc ^adlm d
fdyidatjA^ mudirr. [imcitrr.
Disadyantageously,^^.^^^^ hi wajhn
Disaffect, v* See Discontent (to dislike).
Disaffected, J i ;,r«i^ mutanaffir, ^jJu%
mu^rid* See Ayerse, Diaoontented,
Disloyal.
Disaffection, ijo\je\ t^rd J, jLJ tanajfurt
SLaJu hughdat. See Aversion.
Disagree, v. (to be at variance), ^^U^
\yij\ij tand%a^U, l^laT takhdlafi.
Disagreeable, ^^yJu^ j^ ghayr makbulf
ifjS^ makriih, ^yj^ ghagr muri\\
(contrary), i^tsr^ mukkdlif^ ^^U^
mandkid, y^k^ mughdyir.
Disagreeableness (unpleasantness), m^£,
J^^l ^adam al kuhal; (unsuitable-
ness), <oUI ^ Jlc ^adam laydkai.
Disagreement, ^jifark, i^h^\ QktQdf^
ilfijL^ mandzacat.
Disallow, V. io nakar,Sj\ ankar, t^j rod,
Disallowable, il:j yunkar,Jj\A.j^ ghayr
jdyiz.
Disallowance, jlC; I inkdr, «^ man^
Disannul, v. See Annul, Vacate.
Disappear, 9. c-^lc ghdh, J.^^! tiiia-
Afl/, Jlj %dl
Disappoint, v, J J^ khmud, c,,.^ iAoy-
ya^. And he said to him, Verily I luiTe ooin«
to thee as a marriage suitor, dedrin^ the
nnique Pearl, and the great Qoeen, the Jewel
W8
(697)
DIS
of the Age, the daughter of our nost graeiouB
lord and master the Kin^ of the Age, and the
Snltan of the Time ! Disappoint not, 0 great
King, him who applieth to thee. May God
grant thee the aocomplishment of all thy wishes
and desiieB ! CJc^\ Ji ^\ ^ JUi
U JUm»j UHj^ uu^ U^J^ ijIby>'l4Jiafi\
Disappointed, c^U>- kkdffih, (^jj^^
mahrUm, J^Jlst^ maJth%ill.
Disappointed (to be), c^ls^ khdh.
Disappointment, <U»jw khayhat.
Disapprobation, J^aa!! aJlc ^am al
hMl,j\L\ inidr.
Disapprove, v.^'A ankar, ^J tam*
Disarm, r. JLJI J lam atsildh.
Disarray, r. See Disband, Strip.
Disaster, »,Li^^»a^mtUibdt, iJb\^yddhiyai,
h laid.
Disastrous, ^y^^ maf^Hs,
Disastrously, j^j^a^t^, hikol nahsm.
Disavow, v.jCj\ ankar, ^ nakar, Ss^
jahad, \J(fhd, l, A»»y ialb.
Disavowal, J^\ inkar, ^Jo nafif tXs^
Disband, 9. ^jJ farrt^, jitl atiak,
k£^''*J^ sKattaL To disband an army,
■.CmuhH (j:..^-Jj shattat al ^aakar.
Disbanded, ^j:,^Jm.^ mushaUai,
Disbelief, ^Uj)1 /*«X£ ^adam al a^fmdn.
Disbelieve, «. ^\ U md aman, OArLct U
md i^takadfji^ Jta/ar, J^\ ankar.
Disbeliever, 9. ^c*^ munkir, ji\^ k&fir,
^yjf^ 9kayir mamin,
Disbnrden, v. (ease of a load), ^.bS^
^yA^\ khaffiifai Kami; (to tbrow off
a burden), y^A^\ Jji naoMl al haml.
Disburse, v.^^ hharajf i^j^ aaraf.
Disbursement, ^^ khaiy\ (— ^ ^^f*
i^^jA^ nuurHif.
Discern, v. (see),^ notary (to distin-
g:uish), j^ mayyan, jy\ afrag. To
disoem the true from the false, J^
Ji^Ul ^ j;Jl /orai^ a/ hak min al
hdta.
Discerned, ji^ia:!^ man»iir»
Discemer, «• (observer), jl^U ndsfir ; (a
distinguisher),^^ nrnmoffyisL
Discernible, Jiak) yMmoTy j^oi^ man^Hr.
Discemiblene8s,^Ja3 naMr,J^ tamyiz.
Discemibly, U^J Jij Ukd tamyiz.
DiscenuDg, adj. Jilc ^Jdlf ^.-^.^Lg
Ji£ idhtb ^M, J^ i^^r^\00 sdhib
tamyit. \wafard$aU
Discerningly, <L4^^ (J£c |J^ ^ti^^ ^ai(/
Discernment, J^ tamyit, Jifi ^a^/,
^1^ fardsaC.
Discbaige, if. (dismiss, release), ^^\
aUak\ (to perform, execate), J^f ^mal,
J^l «ib»a/. To discharge {fir pay) a
debt, y;J[ji^ ^^ wafa* addayin. To
discharge a soldier, ^J"^^ jJJ^^
a^^ ai ^askari. To discharge from
an office, Jjf ^aso/. To discharge or
acquit of a crime, jkc ghafar. To
discharge fire-arms, ^^\ atlak. To
discharge one's duty, ^^^^^1 ^
aJifi tammam al wdjib ^Ihu
Discharge, <. (dismission), ^U?^ tV/di^,
J^ ^ad; (leave, license to depart),
i^arkj rtMuat ; ij\>'\ ffdiot, ^ jl i<i> ;
(absolution from a crime), ^\/^ ffhu-
frdn; (an exception or privilege), i\^
hardt; (performance), ^^ax. ^amal;
(ransom), \jifidd. The discharge of
a gun, iiijj\^\ (j*»^^ kuwda al hdrHdai*
SIS
(598)
DIS
Hediflchargedthe guiif if Jj^Ut i/*y^
hu kawfOM al hdr^Ldak
DiBcbargedy ^jieLs:^ mulhalUi, etc.
Disciple, «. ^t^ «tfii»^ JuJj talmU,
A diflciple of Chzisty AjJj ^ofaifs (pi.
Discipline (edacatioxi), <Ljy ^3f^«^,
Vi^^jIJ tdM, c^j! iK^f^; (regula-
tion), L«J daM. ICilitarj discipline,
^XmjiSI Ixm^ <M^ o/ ^Mi»r ; (mortifica-
tion), £»l«\ tmoM.
Discipline, v. (educate), c^ul adddb;
(to hold in sabjection), ixhJ d«^.
To discipline an wnoj, jLuji\ la^
dahat al ^Mskar. \h%U
Disciplined, ,«{/« fnHriMa\ )oy0^A^ mad'
Disclaim, v. ^\ anJoar. See Disavow,
Disown, Benounce.
Disclose, V. cjLl^ huihaf^ j^\ oihar.
To disclose a ^ecret,^\ u.il^ ka$haf
al nrr. [muhkoBhif.
Disclosed, uJyuCi ma^AiI/! ^.ttuij^.;^
Discloser, <• cflAl^ kdshifj ^J^Jt^ mu^n,
Disolosare, j^\ i%hdr. See Disooyery.
Discomfit, Lm.'^r ghalab.
Discomfit, discomfiture, f']j^\ inhiwam,
lAJ\tb hasHmat,
Discomfort, foghorn.
Discommendable. See Blamable.
Discommendation, See Blame, Censure.
Discommode, v. etc. See Incommode.
Discompose, v, (the mind),^I>- hayyoTf
JUI ^^ ehawuHuh aJ hdl; (io put
out of order), laJ^^ hkarhat.
Discomposed, JU\ ^yLx^ mutMhaW'
wish al hah [hdL
Discomposure, JLH JSjJ^ taehwlsh al
Disconcert, v. (a design), ^jjix. -^Jm,
«Xc t,adam al
Disconcerted, JUt
fouh al hdl, J^si^ maiks^,
Disconformitj, i^sjUall a«Xc ^
nmidhaJsal.
Disconsolate, ^X^ ) ^ yuUuaUm
Disconsolately, LJuisIl ^J^
wqfhm ^im altatliyat.
Disconsolateness, ^Juusll a«
tasltyai*
Discontent, discontented, Ln
ffhayir nmbsut, ^\jj^ ghofir roA.
Discontent, discontentedness, L?^^ m^z
^adam arridd, jjj*^\ i»«^ ^adam at-
Discontent, v, <^^«riM aghdah*
Discontinuance, cJiy ta^paiimf; (dis-
rupture), JLoaj t inJUdl, c\kft3 ^ mH/^^.
Discontinue, i?. <«^^ tawMMf 4^
faragh. [khdlafoL
Discord, uJ)b^f ti^^Od/, ^Ur^ mi-
Discord, f?« Jh^t^U flia trS/xifc, 4^l»»
khalaf, [munamauat^
Discordance, ^fiSlsr^ makhdlafat^ ^:rjU^
Discordant, ^\y^j^ ghayir mmDofik^
\^ Isr^ mukhalif. Discordant in music,
^UjcJ\ i^tXc ^oioM annaghmat.
Discordantly, ijBi3\yj^ ^^ min ^kayir
muwdfakat,i&[s^J^^ bikolmukhdlafai.
Discover, v, (pablish),^^! aahar,
kaihaf.
Disooyevable, ^,ftaiC;^ gankM^,
J^'iS kdUl ul iuhar.
Discovered (revealed), uJyLL*
ciA^ii^ munkaihif. I know not from
what countiy this man has come : no one but
he could ever pse such boldness towmrds me.
I fear that whkh has happened to me may he
discovered, and especially since it concerns &
man who is neither of my family nor of mj
equals, U'U- ^jji ^\ ^j^ ^^jj\ U,
Ji^
DIS
(599)
DIS
DiBooTereTy #• uJll^ buhhtf.
Discovery (revealing), jLfi^l tEhdr,
uJll^l inki$hdf.
Discoont (abatement in a bargain), ]o\jL»\
ishdi, A^^gw hhaim\ (sabtraction); )o\slJ\
iskdt.
Discount, V. ^^^.^f^ khasam, ^ki laioc.
Disconntenance, v, ^>^ mana^
Disconrage, v, (deter), L^y>^ khawwaf*
Discouraged (deterred), cJjicLt muta-
khawwif.
Discourager, «. uJjir^ mukhawtoif.
Discouragement (impediment), r *- -r
flkiii^; (deterring), (..aj^ssr ^Aurl/',
Jj J^ iahdid.
Discourse, (^ILs;^ ihitdh, L^\Lt mu-
kdlamat, ^^j^^ mwt&karat; (a ha-
rangue), Lia:^ khuthat; (a treatise),
l\L»j rasdlat, A short nervous dis-
course, Us^j /»K ^/dm f^o/ts. And
he said to him, 0 dog of men, doth such an
one aa thyself address me with theae worda P
and dost thou mention my daughter in the aa-
aembliea, and nr that the son of thy sister is
her e^ual f Who then art thoo, and who is
thy sister, and who is her son, and who waa
his father, that thou sayest to me these
words, and addressest me with this disoouzae P
Discourse, v. (converse), Jilj takaBon,
Discourteous, oj\ )b UZd ocB.
Discredit, jl^f /% J^fi ^<K2tim i^ibdr.
Discredit, i^. (not to believe), jJc^ U
md ioddak ; (to deprive of credibility),
dj^ Cjj nma^iimaho; (to disgrace),
i^jCjtS katar ^daho.
Discredited, jLixl ^ U md laho i^thdr,
o\ass\ ^uIa l« md ^aM» i^imdd.
Discreet (prudent), ^JJ ^.^^iwl^ <dAt9
i^M^kr; (modest), c^ol ^^««»-U«dAfft
Discreetly, ijt:^^ J^ J^ ^^^ t9^ *^
Discreetness, ^^ai^j ioffm^, Jac ^/,
Discrepance, uJll&fl^t HhMdf, (Jjifark^
Discrepant, ujgllc^ muJJidliffjAk^ mn-
gh&yir, ^.oiL^ mtmd^ti?. [junctive.
Discrete. See Distinct, Disjointed, Dis-
Discretion (prudence), jUsl/s^ mtiydn,
j^ tamyitf ij^^ hiuirat, ]ffLp,>'\
ihtiydtf 2rLJl %nt%bdh\ (liberty of act-
ing at pleasure), jL:;£>^\ ikhtiydr, i^\i\
tbdhat, i\^}^ WaddU [haddad.
Discretionary, OSsf* j^ ghayir m«-
Discriminate, r. U^ mayyan, ^farak.
Discriminated, ^^/^ mafrUk
Discrimination,; Li^l %mtiyd%f\^ iam-
Discriminative, S^farkl. [iaadkarH,
Discuss, 9. \^^\S» taddwdlilf ]^/^^
Discussed, ^^^^ mafhUi.
Discusser, «• ^joi^ muta/ahhis, ^Ju:iA^
mufattuh.
Discussion, (jJ^ac tahklk, {J*iP^ W'
tUh, fjiis^ tafahhua, jo\a^\ ifiihAs,
i^wj\ Mihdtt ^l^w\ tm^t%d».
Disdain, ij\jb\ ihdnat.
Disdain, v. j&^ hakar, ^Ul ahdn.
Disdained, ^lf« muhdn, Jojs^ muhtakar.
DIS
(600)
DIS
Disdainfal, ^^^\m^ musiahkir,
mutakahhir*
Pisdainfullyi jlb>.\ Jij hikol ihiikdr.
See GontemptaoQBly.
Disdamfdlneas. See Disdain.
Disease, {joj^ marad (pL {Jb^j^^ amrdd).
A disease inherent in the constitationy
^Ljf- ijoj^ murad jihtttl (pi. jj^|/«^
JLLs^- amradjibittiyat), A corroding
disease, i^\ aJcUaU An epidemical
disease, (j^U? td^n. Pestilential
diseases, L'U ^ \Jb^j^\ amrddwa haHyat. '
Phlegmatic diseases, <<j. >♦.■»■),) fjs\;^\
amrud hal ghatniyat, Yarions diseases,
is^zJs^ i^\j^\ amr&dmukhtdlifat* The
crisis of a disease, ^/^^ ImhirAn. To
feign a disease, \joj\a2 tamdrad, ^^f
^j^r^ ^^ lomal hdldho marld.
Diseased, ^/a^ marld.
Disembark, v, (to come to land), Ji ^p
nezel lU barr.
Disembroil, v. See To disengage.
Disengage, t^. (separate), ^ji farak;
(to liberate), ^^/^j^ hhallas; (to ex-
tricate), JiCoA^l J»- hal al mashkal.
And after I loosed my turban from it, and dis-
enga^ it from its foot, shaking, as I did so,
I walked away, ^A^^ ls^-i^j U Jaj^
Disengaged, ^Ji^U muiakhalli, ij\3
fdrigh. [khtliU.
Disengagedness, disengagement, ^^^^
Disentangle, disenthral, i^. CSifak, J.>>
M.
Disesteem. See Disregard, Disrespect.
Disfavour, v. See To Discountenance.
Disfigure, v. See To Deform, Deface,
Disguise, Destroy, Mangle.
Disfiguration, disfigurement. See De-
facement, Deformity.
Disfranchisement, J^^^ ^J'*'^ nuJadn
ha hukuk. [Strip.
Disfumish, f • SeeToTJnfiimish, Deprive.
Disgamish, v. (strip of ornaments), 4t\j
Diverge, v. iJG^\ Utafragh,
Disgrace (disgracefulness), lb haUd^ <iijir<
miuahat iSj nakhatf Ljb\j ddhiyat.
Disgrace (removal from place or £Eivonr),
Disgrace, v, i,, X) nakdb^ ^Jlb i^. >^^fir
^Aoiti^ ^a/a', ^*^ fadahf ^^ i^aSuJi
ijoj Oikataho min nofsariho, KtX "»
haiak ; (to put out of office or favour),
Disgraced, L^>^Cv^ mankub, ^^ LiL
JaJl <aifet< mtn annanar, ^^^^^ wnm-
fadih ; (turned out of favour or office),
Disgraceful, i^7^x^ ma^ynh.
Disguise, r. iJ^^ akhfa*.
Disguise, ijya iHrai, Ufi>-1 tkhfd.
Disguised, ^^i*****^^ mtUnuukhir, Jj^
tnuhaddah [^»\Jc^\ utikrdh.
Disgust, i^\/ hardhiyatf h^ karak,
Disgust, V. ^2yJ'^ naffarmmf uJJ karraf.
Disgusted, ^U^ karfdn.
Disgustful, disgusting, xJjx*/*^ wtuttak"
rah, i%S^ makruh, 6j^ karlh, i^C«
mukarrih.
Dish, *. ^JSf^ iahn (pi. ^yss^ ntkun).
And dishes of varied dainties are more agree-
able to thee than religions books ; and sport
with comrades is more delightful to thee than
reading the Kuran,,^flf c:;V^^ ^Iss^^
J\j^\ 5jij ^ Ci3 fjiJl
SIS
(601)
DIS
Dishonest (fraadolent), i^sslelL« muld-
Dishonestly, ^W^ ii^ ^*^^ ^«^dfui^
Dishonesty, ^\^ ihtydnaif jL^ mahr.
Dishonour, uJ^t f^tiA^adamtul^hairaf^
iw'^jfi ^h. Bather fire than dis-
honour: be master of thyielf, and fly from
disgraoe and diBhononr, thoogh it be to tne fire,
Dishonour, 9. (disgrace), ^ fadah ; (to
violate chastity), ij^yi\ cl^Ub hatak
al^vrd.
Dishonourable, c^^^x/* ma^ffHh*
Dishonoured, ^^^^^ mimfadih.
Disinclination (want of afiection), aJla
<Ujs^\ ^adam al muhahhat ; (dislike),
»)/sJi Utihr&h. See Slight.
Disinclined (to be), f • (to be ayerse to),
^j^y^ f^far min, ifjc>^\ utakrah.
Disingenuity, disingenuousness, aJu.£
^jA^1\ ^adam al ilMdi, jIa3 nafdk^
Disingenuous, ^^^pry^ muwqfhan.
Disingenuously, ^U; Jij hikol naflik^
JlL»- Jio hihol hllaU \m\r&8.
Disinherison, d^t^^l a\S£\ i^addm al
Disinherit, v. kL>\j*A^\ ^ (^j^ ahram
mm al mirdt. [gharad*
Disinterested, {^Jf^\ \Jf^^'^ hhdll al
Disinterestedness, ^^^^ khuliU.
Disjoin, v. Jji farak, J»a3 fasal.
Dierjoined (diqunct), Jj^^—a^ mafrUk,
munfastl, ^ViS;^ mtmkati^,
mtmfak.
Disjunction, j|^Uyi(«rdifc, c^!bSj\inkiUL^.
Disjqnctiye, Jj^ mufarrik.
DiFJunotively, (ji/s^\i hiltafflk.
Disk or disc (^Euse of the sun, moon,
or other planet), AjP^jirm,
Diskindness. Bee Unkindness, Injury.
Dislike, x^ karah, 9\^^ utikrdh.
Dislike, v. gJizmA utakrah.
Dislocate, 1^. C^ fak, cKO Mkak,
^LsK khala^. U^f
Dislocated, Ci^Ai^ ffiMw/U, 9ji^ makh'
Dislocation, cLii] tnkhild^. [tarad.
Dislodge, v. (expel), *r/^^ akhraj, djo
Disloyal, ^le^ khdyin.
Disloyally, h\^ Jio hikol kMydnai,
Disloyalty, ij\^ khiydnat, j*\£. ghadr.
Dismal (horrible), uJjs^ mukhawmf,
J^l^ muhaunoU; (mournful), f^y^^
maghmilm.
Dismally (horribly), J^f>«^^^ hiwqjHin
muhikl\ sorrowfully, a^ J^ hikdgham.
Dismalness (horror), uJ^ kawf\ (sor-
row), M^ gham*
Dismantle, r. (strip), i/*^ salakh. To
dismantle a town or castle, /% JJb hadam,
Dismask, 9. L^\ki\ ^j rafa^ al nikdh.
Dismay, v. L^y>- khatptoaf, c^^JiSSf ^LS
kata^ al kaV>.
Dismay, Jy^ hawl.
Dismayed, L^^y mar^h. Be not
diimayed though for a short time thou be
|>oor, for in length of time thon wilt be re-
lieve ; and despair not, since despair is infi-
delity; it may De that God wUl soon make
thee rich, C«jJ cuy^xl ^1j ^La^li
Dismember, v, mJ koBmrn, J^^^ fastah
Dismiss, v. (gire liberty or leave of de-
parture), jJJ^f atlak; (send away),
J^J doihthar. To dismiss from an
SIS
(602)
DIS
m
Dismissed (deprived)^ J*)*^ ma^uU
Dismission, t»a:>'j ruJUuat, el J^ wadd^
ij\^\ ^'d%at, ^joL^ Ualdi, ^jt tm.
Dismount, v, ^^Jj naaal; (to descend
from an elevation), Jp tuusal. And
when they drew near to the royal palace, the
King dismounted to wait upon his son, and
he and all the princes and lords of the empire
were his cresset-bearers (i.e, bearing on their
shoulders, each in his turn, an embroidered
saddle-oover, calledffaahiifnh),\yj\j U)i
Disobedience, ^ullall i% Jlc ^adam al td^t,
isiXss^ mukhdlafat, ^Ltoe ^tMyan.
Disobedient^ ^^U ^dtH, l^I^ mti-
khalif. [^U^U md td^.
Disobey, v. l^\^ khdlaf, SjAj tamarrad,
Disoblige, v, Jxj sa^^a/, ^U ifhdd (for
Disobliged. See Disgusted, Displeased.
Disorder (irregolarity), i*lla:Jl aJ^ ^adam
annwdm, l-^^w^I ^Ac ^adam attartlh,
* JU. ifeAaW, JlLflLl ikhtadl; (tumult),
^:ci fitnat\ (perturbation), c^Usu^t
idtirdh; (indisposition), ^jio^ moriM^.
Disorder, r. (confuse), Ji^L J^ ^nud
khalid, Sai^ kharhat.
Disordered, disorderly, <«--^w*7^ Sb ^iZa
^ni, ^jS^ mukharhati (tumultu-
ous), aU^I^^ i^r uZ st'Adm ; (law-
less), ^/Jl uJ)U. khUdf Mhihari;
(▼idouB, disordinate), Cy>^^ ma^ffHh^
iXkiU /d«M^. Disordered in his senses,
Disown, v,jLj\ ankar, J^ nakar, JcsfT
Disowned, jili^ munkar; j^J>^ tnankdr*
«• •
Disparage, 9. /« J siifiM, ^^ ia^mh
***** *-r4* t.^y«** [(•'i «
Disparagement, Z«1L« nuddmat, ^^yio ta^m.
Disparity, UlL^\ tkhtOdf, ^Mi.
Dispassionate, ^fUi ft^ ialim tttUh^
jtA^ hallm.
Dispatch or despatch, 9, (send), (J«^^
arsal; (accomplish, finish), maJ tarn-'
num; (to kill), JiJ katal. To dis-
patch an ambassador, ^cf^^ t^j^ ^^
deM. [ J!^«^ ^^'
Dispatch, JL};^ indl \ (expedition),
Dispatched (sent), J^-j;^ manuli (ex-
pedited), J«js*^ mtcyW; (finished),
I«l7 ^dm ; (killed), JyX« mai&m/.
Dispel, V. jjb tarad, lt-^cJ* shattat»
Dispelled, ^^^ matr^.
Dispensary, «. <0 If^Us*-^ afadkhdnm^
Dispensation (distribution), a^mmaJ <ai-
**'^' trJy ^**^^t' Jij^ ^^* ' (^'
emption), arliU^ mti^d/^A.
Dispense, «. amJ kassam, cj^ f^fflEStf^*
Dispeople, r. See Depopulate.
Disperse, r. cs^^r.^ »hattai, j^yb hasuam.
Dispersed, tjL^'Xurn^ nrnUuhattU^ JJs^
mutafarrad. To be dispersed, (,s^r.iMy
taahaftat.
Dispersedly, jiz-^^pJltSJ hitashiUin.
Dispersion, dispersedness, c::,^j:JtJ task'
tit, (J^ tafrik.
Displace, 9. (put out of place), «Ji iaia^,
Qjj nata^; (to remoYe from office),
Displant, v. (trees, etc.), ^Lj ibii£r^.
Display, r. (spread wide), J^ madd, Lw
^OM^, ^^^ /otmA ; (to exhibit),^.^^
ashar. When she looketh aside, she pntteih
to shame the wild cows and the nzeUes ; and
when she walketh with a Taoillatuig gait, th«
SIS
(608)
DIS
willow-bniiieli is enTioDs ; and when she dis*
playeth her countenance, she confonndeth the
nin and the moon, and captiTateth every he-
holder: she is sweet-tipped, and tender in
Display, f.^l^S^t iuhdr.
Displayed, JjSf mamdud, ^^/^ W*
Displease, 9. Ivlc^ agha%. And I abhor
his £iice, and detest being in his company ! If
I did not fear to displease thee, I woolo, he-
fore the rising of the snn, reduce his city to
ruins, so that the owl and the raren should
cry in it ! iuss^ yj^S ^jy^ i^' ^!^
Displeasing, adj. i^J^ mahrAh,
Displeasure, i9lf1^.*^Cj taidlr alhhdtir.
Disposal (arrangement), s^^J^ tartlh,
^UkJ^ inU%dm; (distribution), ^jy
iam\, Jijsu ta/rik, J-.^ W'^^l
(power), ^Ui2w\ tkhtiydr; (govern-
ment), jii*y^ tadhlr, Uj^ hirdsat,
JaA>- hafit. And tbey all turned their
facet towards him, and said. We are all at
your disposal, and whatsoever thou demandest
wewUldoit But tell us thy tale, and oonceal
not from OS aught of tby affairs, ^^lisSli
• cL<SU. j^ lit l:^ l^iOXj ♦vi^
Dispose, V. (arrange), J^ nosam. To
dispose of (bestow), ^1 an^m. To
dispose of by legacy, uJJ^ wakaf.
To dispose of in the hands of another,
9 J^ wada^
Disposer, $. (bestower), (-^^^ t^^^<^ 1
(a goveraor, regulator), ^l^ hdhitn,
J«V« m^MbUrf laiU? sdi»^ laiU- hajk,
Disposition (order), ^UasJl •n^tsdni, JaJ
iMSffi, L^^w^ ^or^I^ 4>1 Jjc^l iiti^d,
jfjj3 taihlr, 4-J^ wi/ia/, J^>^ »wi»-
wd/; (temper of mind), — ]^ mtso;,
Dispossess, 9. ^ t« J^^-l ^ J^i a^Aos
mtM dhhud md ^Ao, IsuJ i^dia^.
Dispossessed, t^^)^^ matr&d.
Dispraise. See Blame, Censure*
Disproportioni Uy ■^>iA'i»:*ll /»iX£ ^a^m o^-
tandmh. [attandBuib.
Disproportion, v, l_ h-^'"^^ lP^^ o&^o/
Disproportionable, disproportional, dis-
proportionate, v,^ ^..A;%H ^tXfi ^aiim
attanoiub^ i^^UmS^^ yA«^ mw^dwrl.
Disproportionably, disproportionally, dis-
proportionately, c-.-1-iUi^ j--i ^ji
hi wafhinghofir muUmatib.
Disprore, v. ^^\j ndkad, J^ roi.
Disputable, iu^L« <U5 /iA« fmmdta^.
Disputant, #. (disputer), ci^^Le im«-
Disputation, cl.%flg^ 50A«, ^^Ue mci-
^dAofti^, ^]^ ntsd^, XcjL« mundfta^,
uJtis^] Mtddf, 4] jUr« tnujddalat.
Dispute, V. ^}i:i\>' jddail, uL^sst: hahat.
Dispute, 8. Ltyo^ khuiamai, lsj\x^
nwndta^at.
Disqualification, &U ^ J^ ^adamhydkat.
Disquiet, disquietness, disquietude, a«X£
JU1 i^\j ^addm rdhat al Idl. By
heayen, 0 my lord ! were it not for my mother,
I could not endure thy separation ; hut I en-
treat thee, O my lord, not to cease acquaintinic
me with thy good "news, for the sake of God
(may He be exalted 1), that my mind be not in
BIS
(604)
DIS
disquietude, UJ (Jjtl'j !M J^^ ill^j
Jb JtjyU *JjJ JW ill C^l ^
Disqniet, adf. JUl ^^/• ^;;*i y^yr
murtdh ul hdl. See UneaBy, BestJesB.
Disquiet, v. sJ^\£L cXc 9adda^khdtirho,
Disqaisition, (^m/«1 imtih&ny ^joi^
iafahhua, (jlb;«iAj ^/l(f«A.
Disregard (neglect), JUibl tXmdf.
Disregard, v. JiU} ta^hafal, f^AJb\ ahnal,
^y\^ }fahawan,
Disregardfol, J^lf^ mutdh&mil, ys^s^
muhtahir. SeeContemptaouSyl^egligent.
Disrelish, if jJJI a Ac ^adam al hmat.
Disrelish, v. ifS::^\ utdkrdk*
«•
Disrepute, ,^^ fadah.
Disrespect, |«t^i»-2l\ m,Xs> ^odamalihiirAm,
Disrespected, j k ir^ muhdkkar. See
Despised.
Disrespectful, c^j\ L Ula adb, 2r jc^ U
J^y nut ^andaho tawiir*
Disrespectfully, ^^ h hild tahrlm.
Dissatisfaction, \tij\ mSl. ^adam arridd.
Dissatisfactory, ^j^j*i. gha^w murdl.
Dissatisfied, L^]jjt^ ghayir rddl.
Dissatisfy, v, i^j^ ^ fr^^ arda\
Dissect, V, (cut in pieces), ^jJ^iharraht
/^Ij^ l)"^ ^fnal tathrih ; (to examine
minutely), ^.jJIjl? J^ (^/os.^ fahas
hikol tadklh.
Dissected, ^^oL% mukatta^
Dissection, ^^C^JILj tathrih, ^i^oSj iaiti^f
iJ;m^ iafM.
Disseize, v. See Disposses.
Dissemble, v. »b Ua^^- ^ hatam hhatayah.
Dissembled, ^fis^ muktatim.
Dissembler,!?. (hypoerite),^L/t fittmo/CI,
jMj^ muuiwunr, ^^y murd\
Disseminate, v,j^\ athhar.
Disseminated, ^U? %dhirf ^l^ 9^y*it
i^&wL^ nuuhhur.
Dissemination (publication), ^IfJit M-
tihdr, /Xe\ uldrn^
Dissension, i^ya£>^ khuHLnwt, i,j!is^\
ikhtddft jlL2a shikdk, ^jU^ mimd-
%a^. To cause dissension, hsJ^] ^j
rama^ d fitnat. [inkar.
Dissent, J^l /»Ac ^adamalhihiil,Jij\
Dissent, v. A>1^w»p1,-<v. 1 ikhUdaf rayako.
Dissenter, «. v^ls^ mukhdlif.
Dissertation^ 8, dd»^L« muhdhata. See
Discourse.
Disserrice. See Injury, Uisehiefl
Dissever, 9. See Break, Divide, Separate.
Dissimilar, djluL^^^ ghayir mtuhdhiky
ji\M mugh&yir^ ^qI-.,^ mukhtali/.
See Unlike.
Dissimilarity, dissimilitude, ^luL^t j^S£.
^adam al mushahahat.
Dissimulation, \jj riyd, jUj nafdk,
Dissipate, r. i.ji!j\ ailaf, JJu baddad,
J^ farrak, Jjxj ha^Mok. To dissipate
a fortune, ^t« (_>^ mto/ mdlaho.
To dissipate or distract the attention,
Ji«!l (JL^ <^ei^^ al ^. I found
him to be a sitter-at-home and a loiterer, and
discovered him to be lazy and addicted to deep.
Now, then, I had brought him rich BpjMrel
and honaehold goods, aye, and supernnities
with me ; bat he oontinned sellinf them away
at a losing rate, and consuming their price in
fforging and gormandizing, till he had totally
dissipated whatever was mine, and spent the
whole of my fortune on his own want and
necessity, ^b^Allj * JU2l>- ijjo 47 j^^
DIS
(605)
DIS
Diflsipatioo, i_J|^\ Mrd/ (Jijij tajrik,
^ ,.:.t,' tMhtlt, JUll U!i3\ tOaf al
Dissipated (scattered), ,^/^ mufarrak,
Dissolyable, dissoluble, J-^ yunhal,
^jaki\ ^jL^ mumkin al nakd, u^^
ffunkad.
Dissolubility, ^jasi:i\ ^\i^\imtdnalnaid.
Dissolve, v» ^JlaJ^ abtal, ^J^- hal, ^^oMJ
nakad, S^^ J nawwab. To dissolve a
marriage, i^ji\ ^ fiuakh anljat.
To dissolve ice, 4-^^0 %au>wdb^ To
dissolve an agreement, J^ I ^^eSu nakad
al ^hd. To dissolve an enchantment,
^jsr^\ ilio fak al sihr. To dissolve or
separate two things, ^Ji» ^ ^^ ^jS
fivrdk sky min thy.
Dissolved, J/-^-^^ mutafarrtk, jA-s^
makkU, ^^««*A/« tnafinkh, ^^^aJa^^ mun-
takid, i^^\3 ftdyib.
Dissolvent, dissolver, #. ^li fdsikh,
Jl^^ mubtil, fja3\j ndkid.
Dissolvent, dissolving, iJl^^ muhaUiU
Dissolute, J^ fal&tly J^^ fi^ik, Ju^li
faM, See Debauchee.
Dissolutely, jLJ J^ hikolfasad.
Dissoluteness, jLi/Md J, Uj stnd,cJU|3l
inhimlik^ i^^ ahahwat, fjM*i JUk.
Dissolution (demolition, breach), ^joSu
nakd, ^ M, -^ faskh ; (destruc-
It
lion), c^ysT takhrlhf >»JUb hadm;
(death), iZJy mawt. The dissolution
of an assembly, ^jtXg^\ JJLsrl MUdl
al fMJlii. A dissolution of marriage,
isfl\!i\ ^LuaJI tnJUAkh anljat.
Dissonancei dissonant. See Discord, etc.
Dissuade, v. ^ ^^j ^W^t i?^>
mana^ ^j^^j rad^.
Dissuasion, ^1/ mumdna^t, ^>^ man^.
Dissuasive, adj. ^^ mdni^.
Distaff, «. (Jj^ mayhsud. The spindle
of a distaff, a^ mahram,
Distain, v. See Stain, Blot, Tinge.
Distance, ^L*^ musd/at, jju bu^. The
distance between the East and West,
^^jJSi^\ Ojubu^d al moihrak^n. Dis-
tance (of time), ix^ muddat. Distance
(respect), l^j\ adah, (^]/>^^ thtirdm,
f^\^\ ikrdm; (reserve, caution, want
of affection), io^j) hurndat. And the
young nuui said, 0 King of the Ago, doet
thou know the distance that ia between thee
and thy city? uJkI >h\j d^UJI JLLi
Distance, v. (place at a distance), Smj
ha^t^i (to excel another), _U jli
fdk ^M.
Distant, Juaj 3a^f(^. Favour me with
some words of jour kind conversation, that
you may show me pity, so that my heart may
De at rest. From the excess of my love for
yon, and my transport, I make hgnt of that
which makn me unhappy. May God protect
a people whose abode became distant from me,
and whose love I kept in the best place of my
heart! ^^ ^^^^ i^r* ^^^ J'^
am
(^j\y* {j^ ^ ^^ *^' \^j * ^ V
Distaste, i\J\ ikrdh, La\J kardhiyaL
Dbtaste, v. (nauseate), s^fz^\ Utakrdh.
Distasteful, ii%f^ makrHh.
Distemper, ^jOj^ marad, ^^^ wtya^
Distemper, v. See Disease, Disorder,
Disturb.
BIS
(806)
DIS
Distemperaie, Jiiojt^j^ffhayirmii^iaMl,
DiBtemperatQre,^\j i)^b Jt jcxll j^Sc
^adam al t^tiddl HI bard wdJhar.
Difltempered, ^•4'/* fnar^dj JjIm^ ma^nt.
To be distempered, ^f mared.
Distend, r. ^J^ fwratk^ LmJ hxMiy
^j^ ^arrad.
Distended, J^«X4b^ numtdiU^,
Distendbn, kuJ hati,jtj mukr.
Distioh, i. u:^ hayt (pL hjIj] tikydf).
Distil, 9. (drop), \^ nakJta; (to distil
spirits, etc.)»y^ hattar. [Ur.
Distillation, JLxJ\ utiktdr, jAaSj tak^
Distilled, JiaL* mukattar. A distiller,
JaLt mukattir.
Distinct, J.flftV< munfanl, j\s>f mumia%,
^b bdyin; (clear), ^U^sSAtir; (spe-
cified, marked out), ^J^Jf^ mu^yatik
Distinction, J L:l^^ mtiyd%, JyaA} tafillf
^ji fork. Without distinction, ^ji h
htldfark ; (a mark of distinction), Julc
t,aldmat; (discernment), Z^l^ ^rdfo^,
Ji£ caH. To make a distinction (give
the preference), ^^J^ fj^ faddal ^M,
Distinctive, J^ mumaifyii^ ^gj.>j,#»,jf
Distinctly, laC/^ «tffiAa», jIjSl^I JXj
Distinctness, i^^f imtijfd%,lkfAJ tamyU,
Jjifark/ ^
Distioguish, v.J^ mayyan^ J»ai /ma/,
j^ farakj jy farcm.
Distinguishable (capable of being distin-
guished), Jj^^cl^ mutomayyas; (worthy
of regard), f^jf^^ **t^!5 ^^^^ ^
ihttrdm.
Distinguished (eminent), J kf fnumtd%;
(separated), ^^/^ majruk, jy^
mdfynur.
DistbguieheTi t.j^^A^ mumayyvL
Distinguishingly, j\p»^^ bi iwUiydM.
Distort, V. /^ baram. To distort the
countenance, i^jlj Uiafffw^f.
Distorted, i^f^ muUauH,
Distract, J^ Jdh(^, JUl J^ tkn^M
al bdl, ^^ ahoMwaiKfj^ Aayyar.
Diatractedy ^l^ *dhl, ^t;e>- hayran^
y^scu* muiahayyir, i^y*»^ wtnAguv
iMvA. One distracted with loTOf ^^U
^^^j^xsr* ^hik majnikn. To be dis*
tracted, lf«9 iohA^ 4lU JamJI imhmghd
halaho. We have become distracted in mind,
perplexed, seeking to draw near widiovk meani
of doing 80. The calamitieB of loTe increase
npon ns, and the lightest eodaranoe of ion is
Texy heavy to us,- ^^ J^J^ \ Vj a t ji
J^ UJlc c/^^ . In such a state I
beffan to walk in its streets like one dlBtracted,
and to roam abont its qnartcrs as a bird
over water, IfTli^
Distractedly (frantically), ^y*aC
Distraction, distractedness, fjiji\ <Ji?b^
ahtUdt al ^akl, jUl^f^ who al bdl,
^^A^yLJ tashwUh. Thine image is
within mine eyelids, and I think of thee when
my heart is throbbing and when it is qniet ;
and thy love has penetrated into my bones,
and there it circalates as does the jnice in the
fruits npon the branches. And when I sea
thee not, my bosom is contracted, and the
censurers excuse me for my sorrows. O thon
whose loye has got possession of me, and lor
whom my distraction exceedeth my affection,
fear the Compassionate with respect to me»
and be merciM I Thy love has made me to
taste of death ! Iaj^ ..^^ uXil^
DIS
(607)
DIS
* ^jjj 4 u^)^ *-^*4^
Distrain, v. See Distreas; also Seise.
Distress (misery), iA^ Msai, jr jl& Mfif-
in^, j>a^ hoir, JiA fakr. On their
seeing her, tiier knew her, and they went in
to her and embraced her, weeping Tiolently ;
and they said to her. Verily the world was
eontracted nnto ns by reason of the distress
occasioned bjr thy separation, and we had no
ddight in rood nor in drink a single day!
U^lcj U«x:x \^ii^ ^^j^ UjtjUli
UlccuJU ji! IjSli^ \jj JJ^ 'Uj I^j^
aIj)1 ^ U^ c^t^)^. And cat
firewood in the desert, with the price of which
thon mayest nomrish thyself until God dispel
thy distress; bat acquaint no one with thy
history^ else they will kill thee, v— cJat». \
Distress, v. ms- gham, ^y»-» ahaan^ji^^
Kayyar^jSp' ^m.
Distressed, i^Ja^a^ mudiarth, ^^j^^
mahMQn, (^y^^ maghmUm.
Distribute, v. aIj kassam, j^ farrak,
Distrihated, ^^^ mufarrak, ^Jy mu-
waua^. [iJijij tafrlk.
Distribution, ^Jy iawzl^, (^if*^ taksim,
Distribative, ^<4mamAj takslmi. Dis-
tribative justice, (Jsd\ <UmJ kismat dl
haky iAJ^\ iS\^\ al ^adalat al
kdiimat.
Distribatively (by distribution), UjmmA?
takaimany ^Jy tawzl^an.
Distributor, «. f;^ mutron*^, ^»mSu%
itutluiMMitit
District, $• LjJb\i0m nmkdia^, *Jj1
ikhm.
Distrust (distmstfolness), 4fJi shubhat,
Dbtrust, 9. cij*^^ ^nan al ghairflj
tJCi^A ikahfly tiibip tawakham.
Distrustfal, ^'^ khawwdny^jS^ tanndn .
Distrustfully, ^t^acLib 3t Uttkhwdn.
Disturb, 9^ c^^^l a^^oS nrraho, J^
^Jlc ^lLaJ ^omo/ Boldat ^ofo'.
Disturbance,c^]^W'i^^d5,jL:LiAaM,
iiSjJUnaty Haj takkU. By God ! were
it not that I fear, on account of my father
being a captiTe with his undo, I had slain
him, and may GKxl not recompense him well !
For how unfortunate was his coming unto us —
all this disturbance baring been effected on
his account, ^if ^j^ uJls^l Ijl ^f^
Disturbed, imfjjami^ mudiarib, joL^ rnu-
kaddar. Disturbed in the brain, ^Jf^ J
^jC aUfi ^Jlc ddkhdl ^la* ^Miho
^ad. To be disturbed, ^jr^ki^l
idtarah, iA3j ^ jV^ idr laho aaklat.
Disturber, «. ^^xCt mukaddir.
Disyalue, «• See TJnderyalue.
DisTclop, V, See Uncover, Unyeil.
Disunion (separation), fj\^\ tfiirdk;
(breach of concord), jUjf aJlc ^adam
itiifdky ^^hs^ ima&f.
Disunite, v. (separate), y^/ f<vrak\ (to
fall asunder, become separate), y^J^\
infarak, JmoajI infasal.
Disunited, (J^/^ mafrikk. See Disjoined.
Disuse, «. J^M&Mil U md uta^mal, vl^
SoUl iarakal^ddai,iJ^\cJj tantik
id ^dat»
BIT
(608)
DIV
Bitch, #• [j;^ haflnd, IJl^ hufrai.
A ditch (round fortificatioiiBy camps,
etc.), JJ^:^ khandak (pL Jjl:^
ihanddik).
Ditto, ^loA aydan, ^ J^ laMUb.
Ditty, i. Li yAiiid. See Song.
Diran, ^\^<>- Sm ComiciL
Dive, 9. (yJLi ghaUu, ^U ^^. A
place in the sea where they dive for
pearls), ^U^ mugh&i.
Diver, <• ^^iLi ghattdi. [Several.
Divers, ^jM ha^, ^\ dkior. See
Diverse, J^^^:^ fftM^orrtii^.
Diversely, ^cJlLfiLb hi tkMUdfin,
Diversification, Jj^JuJp tdbiih ^y^ ^^-
^'tf f y iiAc^^- [(»^ kaUam,
Diversify, v.^^ ghayyoTt Jjo baddal,
Diversion (amusement), ^ lahu, ^yu
tafurruf, Zihp mathai. To take diver-
sion, syj tamuaah. Diversion (taming
anything from its course), c-il^ac?t
inhtrdf, (Jijiu ta^k. Diversion (in
war), iLyU*^ mughdlatat. Aud as
they were goins about through the different
apartments of the palace, and yiewin^ atten-
tively its attractions a^id places of diTersion,
they came to a table upon four legs of alabaster,
whereon was inscribed . • .
\^^yS^j^J,\ ^ (J\y J-ijl JLc
Diversity, uJ^bj;-^ ikhtildf, Jji fark. A
diversity of opinions, (J:j\AJ\ t^h^\
ikhtilaf arrdyat.
Divert, v, (turn off from any direction),
J^»- hawwal, j\i^ ddr ; (to please), ^
sarr, ^J^ sharah, ^JbJl Idha* . I pray thee
to receiye this monejl and to bay for ns tome-
ihinff to eat ; for we are straneers. I have with
me uese children, whom I wiui to divert in this
garden, A.LLJ1 ssJb JS^^j ^\ ^^fJ^\
m
Diverted (tamed away),
kmf; (amused), ^^^y-*Mi
Diverter, «• ^Ji^ muldhl,
Divertive, ^^<fL« MtiAi.
Divest, r. J^ihaUaky ^ fj5 jmb^&m.
See Put off.
Divide, v. JLi kauam, ^^ wmMm^, ^J
farak, J-ai fual; (to part finom, ^ be
divided), ^yu\ mfarak.
Divided, ^y^SL^ mahumy ^j^/^ msffrui.
Divided into kinds, ^^'S^ sitctoiaimriV
Dividend, $. Jua>. hitsat, u, ^j.^> nank
See Portion, Share, Lot
Divider, <. mU ibaMim, f^mL^ wwkMsim,
cj^ mifirosst^. [JVi/a/.
Divination, u^^g.ffH J^ ^«7f» 0/ y^^*
Divine (partaking of the nature of God],
_^\ Uahh The divine inspiration,
(J'J^ A^l Uhdm rahhdni. Divine
(most excellent), J^oil afdal.
Divine, *. (theologian), vJybJ J^^ ««-
Divine, v. JU ^ fotah fdl, jJ:>-> keur.
Divinely, ^\ ^^ W ii?a;Am liWf,
L^\ ijAJ bi kuwat ilahiyat, jc^ ^
id!l mm ^aiuf allah. See Excellently.
Divineness. See Divinity, Excellence,
Diviuer, «. JlJi; rammdl. And he
has enchanters, sages, diviners, devils, and
giants, those against whom none can prevail ;
and that under his authority are people whow
number none knoweth but God, 2r«x:x«
* ajx j^n &\LS ^ '«^!^
aUi 5i ^ jjx (jjui jU
«Jl)
DO
(609)
DOE
Divinity, Deity, Godhead, ^\ ilak;
(theology), CJyJf Jx ^ilm id kthUt ;
(a fiilse Qod), f,:^ tanam. [kasstm.
Dividble, amaAij yimkoiim, m'^^msj yuta^
Divisibility, dividbleness, Ajwg'.M ^UUt
imk&n attdhUm,
Divimon, amJ katm^ ^UmJ hUmatf Mt*^
tahUmy aLuxSI ikfM&mf ^jy iow%l^
Division in arithmetiei m^msCt tahilm.
The division of an inheritance, aL^I
K^\j^^\ ikiiidm dl mlr&i. Division
(disunion), i^lifi^l ilA^tZd/, jUjf i»«Xc
^adam itUJak; (distinction), jl^f
Divorce, divorcement, jlLL iaidhy J^JIv
tatUk. A divorceat the desire of the wife
(in consequence of which she renounces
her marriage settlements, and returns
her presents), ^la^ ihai^. [iallai.
Divorce, r. (a wife), Jiic\ aOAk, JS^
Divorced (a divorced woman), ISmo^
mutaUakat.
Divorcer, «. f^^ fnutaUtk,
Dinmal (daily), l<«^ yatffml,
Diutumity. See Duration.
Divulge, V. ^J^\ afM^j^S athar, cLll
aahd^. One who divulges everything,
&lJL« muihyd^
Divulged, ^U? tahir, jyi^ nuuhhur,
Divulger, s. ^*m,^ muihayyi^
Dizziness, ^Ic^tjJ dmodkhdn.
Dizzy, ^b dOfekh. To become dizzy,
^^ ddkh. To make dizzy, ^^J
dawwakh.
Do, V. ^^ iona^f J^ ^amal, Jjufa^dl.
Aiid ihereapon the King said, 0 my miBtress,
do what leemeth fit to thee, and what thou
viahert; for I will eomply with thy deairs in
I
all that thon wilt do, Jli CJiii Jom
Docible, docile, ^Ib ^Ayt^, aJjcII JjU
kahtl dl ta^hm. See Tractable.
Docility, aJjcJ^ ^LLlS k&hUiyat dl ta^m.
Dock, B, (for shipping), Iwt mfnd, DiL»\
Dock, r. (to cut off the tail), k^ jJl jJJ
^tog a/ danab; (to make anything
short), y«a5 koiior.
Docked (having the tail docked), ^^oSu9
u^jjl maktn^ addanah, jjh\ atwaz.
Docket, «. dUj^ fahroioi, {j*»j^ fdhrU^
Doctor, 9. (learned man), JU ^alim,
*X»- hdk^m* A doctor of physic,
mS^- hdkim^ v—>^*>V> tdblb. An aca-
demical doctor, (jmjS^ mudarrit. A
very learned doctor, J^&sr^ muhakkik.
A doctor of laws, JjJJ fakih (pi. l^
fukaha). The first doctor of the Mu-
hammadan law, the Mufti, ^^^sJut
mufti. Doctors, Ulx ^ulama.
Doctor, V* k/^b ddufd. See Cure,
Physic.
Doctrinal, 15^ ^tZmi.
Doctrine, ttAtu ta^m, Jlc ^i7m, Lsju^
ma^fat (pi. t-i;U^ ma^artf), ^
(pL ^j^yj >»il»).
Document, s. iZjLj] ishdt To produce
documents or proofs, ^/iH^^/f^^J^j^ ^^
«/ hardkln.
Dodder (plant), ^^<4Mijt aftlmnn.
Doer, «. JaU /d^A, J^U ^Am»7.
Does, 2rdper9. pr$9* of do, J^^ Aft
89
DtfL
(610)
DON
Dog, L^ iM (pL (^1^ ialdh). A
aea dog, Ulf l^J^ ioA almd. The
greater Dog-star, (Sirius), i^J t .ni
c^Jl^I o/ 100. The litUe Dog-star,
^^4Jill i^[/t^ M^a^ alghwmU. Both
the dog- stars, ^byc^ AAi^roydii* The
dog-days, j^>-Ul ^M «yydM a/3dA«r.
Dog-cheap, jL*^ ihudi^. Three things
are better tLan three others : the dxj of death
is better than the day of birth, a Utih^ dog is
belter than a dead lion, and the grave is better
than poverty, a^ ^ Siij
^J^'^^^
Dogged. See Sonr, Snllen, Morose,
Qloomy. [Mean.
Doggerel. See Burlesque, Despicable,
Doggishi dog-hearted, ^^^J^ kalhi. See .
Brutal, Cruel.
Dogma, «. j^Axf to^ftm, ^yl^ kdnHn.
Dogmatical (aathoritative), *^ i^^f^Lg
idhibhukm; (positive), «X^ ^Id, Dog-
maticalness (magisterialness), ^yl»-
hukufnat ; (obstinacy), jl:^ ^ndd. To
dogmatize (teach magisterially), a^
Aaibm; (to teach new opinions), ^Jsj\
ibtada^.
Doing (jTM. jpar^. of do), Jrli y&^t7,
J^U ^dmt?. Doing, doings (action,
actions, feats), J«i fi^ (pi. JUil
o/^d/). Saying and doing, ]Luj 1^
kawlan wafi^lan. It is not my doing,
^]juyht« md huji^.
Dole, f^. See Deal, Distribute.
Dole. See Distribution, Charity, Grief,
'^olesome), (^y^^ maghmULmf
^^J<^ makrOh^ ^^^ hatin. Dole-
ful weeds, S\A^ h*ddd»
Dolefully, ^^ J^ hikol ghamimm,
Dolefnlness, ^ gham, Jt alam.
Doll, t. (girPs baby), LA lu^hat.
Dolorous, ^2i^fi^ muhssin. See Dolefol,
PainfuL
Dolor. See Ghie( Pain, Lamentation.
Dolphin, 8. ^jJi*^ dal/ln, j^\ «^^
hwU al hahr. [Estate.
Domain, CjCl^ mW^. See Dominion,
Dome, 4J ihi&ia^. See Cupola, Build-
ing, House.
Domestic (fiamiliar, tame, not wild),
^L^ ht^ti, ciy^ ha^nil, ^;m3U
mdfiiU; (private), ^U>- ihds; (not
foreign, intestine), c5^ juwwi, A
domestic animal, 4/^ c> '.^f^^ Aaywos
juwiffi, A domestic war, ^Lsk^^A^ <-^.»>
^a3 dakhll.
Domesticate, 9. uJJ^ te^aAof, ^^\ amus.
Dominant (to dominate). See Predomi-
nant, etc.
Domination, laLuJ tamiUuU See Do-
minion. Power, Tyranny. [>>^>
Domineer, v, ^J^ jW" /»»* t^'» ^/?^
Dominion (sovereign authority), JulaL:
taUanai, S^^,^ hukumatt S^- hubn,
Lm^ daht, if jLmi Hyddatfj^ kakr, i^t*^
tffidro/, ZJM ay&lat. Absolute do-
minion, J)Ux^l tstikldlf UuJ tataUut
Donation(donative), /^\ju 1 m^dm, Uac ^^.
Done, /lor^. ^om. of do. ^}y^J^ Mo^mv/*
mun^mil. See Made.
Donkey, f.^Uk>- Atmdr, ^JL^^Jahah.
Donor, #• ^^Jojl^ mu^tl, ^t* MdiitJ^
DOT
(611)
DOV
Doom (judicial Benteiice), l^ ladd, Ss>-
kikm, ^j^ S^ hukm shar^ ; {end,
** " -I
state to which one is destined), ^Ic
^dJtibiU, ij^ dkhirai, c, ^^jj^n) nMh,
4«mm3 Himat; (ruin), K^hb haldk.
Doom, V. S^^ haikam.
Doomsday, £«lJ]f ^jj yawm al kiy&mat.
Door, 8. uji\i hdh. The half of a fold-
ing door, 9}/^^ mi»rd^. The ring
of a door, c^Ul is\^- halahat alhdh.
Bat the soldien and troopB were unable to do
80; and ther said, How shall we contend
against him from whom, none hath secluded —
the lord of the door that hath no door-keeper P
,\^
19-
Door-keeper, a, ^-'\^ hawwdh. The
place or office of a docv-keeper, <u1^
liwdbiU.
Dormant (sleeping), JU nOyim.
Dormitory, «. fi^\ c:,.^gj ^^ 0nikifrfft.
Dorser, «. (pack saddle), <i^<^ 5ar(2a^a^
(pi. ^d\j3 harddtQ.
Dose, 8. (of medicine, etc.), <U^ aharhaU
Dost {2ndper8anpre8, of do), JaaJ taf^,
Dot, «. ZJoa) ittf^to^, ksr^ mahatt.
Dot, p. Sal) nakkat, LaJI ia^- hatalnukat.
Dotage (from age), uJ^ kharaff uJl^art
inkhirdf, \jahd%l.
Dotal (relating to a portion), v^^>-
Dotard, v. doter, (j^/>- kharfdn. A
doter (one distractedly in love), Jh^U
^^ijsr* ^d«^t^ mo^iln.
Dotation, jl^ jah&z.
Dote, 9. v^^ il^^. To dote npon
(to love with extreme fondness), Jh^
Doable (two-fold), ^rlj^ mudd^af,
^J'^ nnt8anfM\
Double-dealer, 8. ^ji^^^ ^*^ >& wajhln,
^\x^ mundjik, jSi^ makkdr. Double*
dealing, lu riyd, ii^j^ murdydh.
Double-tongued, ^J^\*J K^^^-^^i^ 8dhth
lUdnln,
Double, V. u^l<0 dd^irf. To double or
become double, l^Loj tadd^af.
Double, 8, u^lo^ mudd^af, cJU«0^
ad^f. [c— arlJJ tadd^af.
Doubled, ^<;i/t mtM^nmi'. To be doubled,
Doubly, uJUjU hi ad^fin.
Doubt, i^8hihhat{^\.^:LS[^8hia>Mt),
Jjj^ 8hak (pi. cli^ 8hukilk), l^^
niy5, 2rL::jl! iahiiidh, j,iyi tawahhum.
No doubt, i{^ lb hild ahuhhat. To
remove a doubt, i,^J^\ w»J ^/^^
aahahubhat. The solution of a doubt,
CXuJt J)jJ sacra/ <MA«Aaib.
Doubt, V. Jjj^ 8hak, LliX^i ahakkak,
^y) tateahham, <^\jj^ irtdh.
Doubted, ^ {iS^JL^ mashkak bihi.
Doubter, «. SuxJL^ mu8htdbih.
Doubtful, KjXAvk^ mu8htabah,^^4Jby wahml,
c^ -^ murib.
Doubtfully, doubtingly, (JX^ 4^^ bikol
8hak, (^LJ^I (JG hikol irtiydb.
Doubtfulness. See Doubt.
Doubtless, i^^ h bild 8hubhat, j^ ^^
c«i^Ljjt^«^ ^ min ghayr irtiydb.
Dove> 8. i^\j^>^ hamdmat, A turtle-
dove or wood-pigeon, i^Uj yamdmat
He heard also the Toices of birds, warbling,
and praising God (whose name be exalted!)
with diverse tunes, and with varions airs and
modulations, consisting of turtle-doves, hezHrs,
blackbirds, nightingales, ring-doves, and kiera-
wans, ^^\ij jyJb (JLJ\^\ ui)l ^^
DOW
(612)
DRA
DoTe-cot, dore-hottse, a. AUk>- ^j) Jmrj
humdm.
Doughty. See Brave, niustrioufl. Noble.
jDouse, V, (to plunge the head into water).
Dowager, «. ^ .i^ H^j\ armakU sharifiti*
See Widow.
Dower, dowry, Ij^J dotd, j\fp^ j'ahdn*
Dowered, iji^ mujahJuauU.
Dowerless, iusr*j^ ghayr mufahhaaoL
Down (soft feathers on the wings, etc.,
of hirds), a^IJ ^JSiiJj rUh na^. The
down cr pile of velvet, ^l>« khdto.
The down upon the firuit and leaves
of trees,^^ wahr,
Down, *. u^t>lj wddi. See Dale, Valley.
Down (downward), l::.>o^ taht To
go down (as the sun, etc.), <-r^
ffharab, Down to this time, iJJb ^\
Ji\ ila* haul aVm, IjJb L«jj ^1
ila' yawmind hazd. The going down
of the sun, ^^»i.AJu^\ S-^j^ yhuruh
ashshams. To down with (knock down),
i^j^ darah ; (to subdue), \,.^;,Xs- ghalah.
Downfal (ruin), |»1 J^l inhxddm^ ^
Downfallen, f^^^^-^ munhadim,
Down-hill (declivity), jjiX^- hadur.
Downright (perpendicularly), L£»- Jl^
Jyiji\ mislihatt al ^amUd; (in plain
terms, withoutambiguity), ^iasiiafium;
(completely), UUj tamdman; (plain,
op®")> fv^ «arfA; (directly to the
point), u^ "■ .M» >^ muitamyafif
M»'i\tM^ hikhatUn mustaJlAm,
Downward (towards the centre), \i^^\ i\
mm
Ua* ai toa»mt\ (from a higher to a
lower situation), ^Jic ^ mm ifM,
jy ^ mm fmoh; (dedivous), ^JjU
mdyil, [koOako wabr.
Downy (covered with down), jS^ ^L^
Dozy, «. See Courtesan.
Doze,9. (slumber), ^^kighrfd^ ^j^m n$^m.
Dozen, 4. ^J|^<3 doKana^ jSLeSijS and
^har.
Drab, «, See Strumpet.
Drachm, «. j^JbjO darham.
Draft (for money), ^^ pditut^
Drag, €^. ^-'*^5^ jauhf ^ j^rr. To
drag one another about, Cp^jUsT U-
jdxdb. To drag (trail as a garment,
etc.)} c^^wsr* sahdb. To drag the
limbs firom fktigue, l-p-'wJ sa^<;f. She
then ordered tbem to drag her and to HbxvK
her outside the door; and they dragged her
alone upon her &oe, and threw her down
before the door, ^jjffT^ *^ j^t «J
Jx \i>yr^ ^^U1 ^J^ \S6y.ji.
Dragged, c,,?<\jcu< mtni/asti^.
Dragoman, «. f^^<^^y* iarjtandnm
Dragon, «. ^^^ tannin. The constella-
tion of the dragon, ^J^\ aUannln.
The dragon's tail, ^J^^ c^Jsano^
attannln. [atUmfOm.
Dragonish, dragon-like, ^^j^is^^ J^ mu/
Dragon's blood, ^Im^I a J<tomaMv5ydfi.
Dragoon, f . uJ l^ J^i!^ ^4^f^**^ ^oAari
khaggdl saggdf.
Drake, s, k) 5«^. See Duck.
Draper, «• i^^ ehiJJshajl.
Draught, 9. (of water, etc.), h
hut. Draught (sketch), ir J^m*^
wadatt Thou hast gone and made the
house and those who inhabit it deioUle. Thou
DEE
(613)
DBE
hatt randored my dear dnngfati tnrbicL Thov
wast mj aid in etrerj advenity, and my honour
and glory among men, and my great reliance.
Canoellea be the day whereon tixHi wast taken
from my eighty nntil I aee thee return to me I
Draw, 9. (pull along), ^^/jfr; (to at-
tract, to allure), <^«^>- jaxab; (to
draw, poll, or tear out), ^ Ma^;
(to draw or pump out a aeoiet or oon-
fession), ^ tarrar. To draw out, or
draw up in order of battle, ^CuyjJl u.i^
iofal^Mkar, To draw np in writings
jy] ^^\ <^-^ ^a/d^ 0^«^' lafawh.
To draw in or draw back (withdraw
from, break off), w*^^ ^aniuii. To
draw off (by distillation),^^ iaitar;
(to carry off), ^j rafa^. To draw
back, JkcL^ taba^. To draw a
sword, k— gj^Jl iJmj «a/ awayf.
Drawing (delineation), w^ ronn; (poll-
ing)* j=r i^»rr, i^:^ jitth.
Drawn, ^^J^ mc^HiJb^ Drawn (ex-
tracted), f ^1^ mMa^
Draw-well, #.^ tor.
Dray, «. ^^ ^ar^. See Cart*
Dread, uJ^ khawf, Juj^ hayhaty i^Cj
ra^at.
Dread, dreaded, iLjb Cy^w>-lig «diW& ftoy-
^^, uJj^r^ miciAa/.
Dread, v. uJU. khof.
Dreadfol, uJ^s^ mtiil^m&f^t^
utttilAf/. Most dreadfiil, JybU
dreadfol accident, ^^ Mylat,
Dreadfiilly, v,ff j^^ <^py*^ ^ not^^w
Dream, «• ^U^ immdm (pi. ci>t«l:w«
MOfidjiid^). Jl^ hdm. An idle fancy,
JLb JLfk- ibMyd/ M67, ^ wahm.
Hay I be diMppointed in the accomplishment
of my TOW, if after your absence I know
pleasant rieep ; my eyes could not be closed
after onr separation, nor did rest delight me
after yonr departure I It woold seem to me
as though I saw yon in sleep ; and woold that
the yisions of sleep might be real ! I love
sleep, tiiongh without requiring it ; for per-
hapa a fight of you might be granted in a
dream, ^^\S ^\jLfAJl 'lij v::^^^
Dream, r. Jl>- hdemy aI:^ uJL& th&f
mandm ; (to imagine, think idly), ^Jby
tawahham.
Dreamer, «« JU^ Mlim. For the world
is a flatterer, a cheat, and a traitor. Its
things are borrowed, and it will take the loan
from the borrower. It is like the confused
Tisions of tiie sleeper and the dream of the
dreamer, ijSsi. ij^ JLiiL* IJjII ^li
^\A ^j ^Ull ci^u^ir ^
Dreaming, #. f!i „\r>A Mddm; parL
Dreamless, ^l:^^^ ^^ tninghxyrmanam^
Drear, dreary. See Dismal, Gloomy,
Homd*
Dregs, ». (leffc after grapes or anything
is pressed), ^loc ^&raiyj;M> ^oAr.
Drench, s. i)jL tharhaU
Dress, ^^U libdSf ^jtJi Ji6$', (splendid
DBI
(614)
BBO
dothesy habit of ceremojiy)i iulsL
Ihal^ (pi. jlsi^ khila^). Then she
aroie and went forth from her, and bron^t to
her a samptaoos dress, with which she dad
her. She also brought to her some ibod and
drink, ate with her, comforted her heart, and
appeased her terror, ^=...^13 i^ J Jm
Dress, v. (clothe), L«^ ka»d, ^^/mJI albaSf
lju2 labhoi; (to adorn), ^J wayyan.
To dress Tictaals, :^ tabakh. To
dress (adjast, trim), Ja3 nasaiii. I
will go to my home and dress myself and
return to thee, ^juj ^\ l-^j^^ \J^*Hj^
Bressed, drest (adorned), ^^y* muiayyanf
^y^ fnutoiayyan*
Dresser, «• ^/^^l^ tnulabhu,
Dressiog, jHir^. and adj\ ^^tJ^ mtdhU.
Drew, preterite of Draw, L.^^>is:*^yb Afl
tahab* He drew them into an ambush
or snare, ^^;:^^^ ^J^ |ȣ^y*^yb Aft mAo^
Ai<m ila^ al kammin.
Dried, (j^^b ydhis. Flesh dried in tiie
sun, Jj Jj Aa^f J.
Drift (purpose), Lj niyat, jl^ murdd,
To drift (diive along), ^ J dafa^
Drill, r. c-^ «aJb^, \^^*-s^, lakhash.
Drill, «. Cy^S**^ mashab.
Drink, L^J^ thurb, ^\^ ehardb. Meat
and drink, k^jJj^\j Jlii\ al old woih-
ihurb. Abstiuence from meat and
drink, c-j/J^j J^\ ^ ^Ui^Hl a/
dmtind^ ^n al aid watih^hurh I had
not with me anght of worldly goods, neither
ibod nor diink; and I had beeome deaolaie,
weary in my soul, despairing of life,
cr* W^*^^ cr* ^ ^5»-• cj^ -Jj
ai, ^!L>.j c=^^^ c-;/4i ^^J, jil;i
Drink, v. S-^ «A«r0ft. To drink np or
drink in, «Jj haila^ For he is the
greatest of thy other's enemies, aad has a
debt of blood against him. He thea broogbt
me some food and drink, md I ate, mbA he ate
with me, jrjcx a!^ kL^\ \^ \jS\ lA
Drinkable,
yamhar^.
Drinker, «• <
ffutfAril^,
■?^^
LS* #Adrti.
aoM,
Drinking, part, ^-^^l^ nhdrih.
Drip, 17. kl; fudckat.
DriTe, v. (off or away), u,-%^
^ J (2(i/2>^. To drive out of doors, J^
torai^. To drive on (proceed rapidly),
c^l Mm^. To drive or rush with
violence, ^A^ ^i^ ibAam ^0^0' .
DrivenfC-^^s:"**^ nuuhab^ 9^*^^ wu^dfu-^
Driver, b, k^^t^\^ sdhib, wilj ^^Af
DroU, v-^^ ^l>- hdlaho gharib^ ^^^^^^^^
muikhin.
Droll, «. (buffoon), ZjS^*^ tnastkara.
Droll, v.jS^*'^ tamaskhar.
Drollery, ijS^^^ nuukhara.
Dromedary, e. ^;«^ hqfln.
Drone, <• jy^ dIdS&ftr.
Dronish, J^ tambal, ^^)L*^ kasldn.
Droop, V. COM <^^(^.
Drop, «. (of rain, etc.), 9^^ ib^0, dlaAJ
nukta. I write to thee with my tears flowing,
and the dioiM from my eyes ranning inot?*
santly : but 1 am not despairing of the fiiToor
of my lord ; perhaps some day our union maj
take place! %Zj\j^\^ CCJt <>iS ^■.- >
DRO
(615)
DTIC
Drop, 9. (as water, eto.)i iali nakkat\
(to fall), klrf «tfJba^, ^j tt^aia^; (to
intermit, cease), '^rifwagh^ CSp tarah.
To drop in upon (come nnezpectedly),
iju-^ Jcdbaa.
Dropped, dropt, \m^ munakkii.
Dropsical, dropsied, LS^-^o^ w.,.%'>-l^ tdhib
utisltd, _AmuCUm^ miutaiki.
Dropsy, \.5.w'Urf\ istiahd. To have the
dropsy, ^.S^i'Urfl istaska*, ILmImJU ^j
waka^ hH istiskd.
Dross (of iron, etc.), tiX^ iodd.
Drossy, ^^Jud/• mtwoic^t.
Drought (want of rain),^^k4!\ mSa ^a-
dam al matar, cJImJ nashdf. See
Dryness.
Drown, r. (suffocate in water), j^
gharrak ; (to immerge), ^^^Uxe ghUloM ;
(to overflow), JLi «<3/; (to drown w
be drowned), ^jji^ gherek. I was
among the number of thoee who remained be-
hind apon the island, bo I sank in the sea ;
bnt 6(>d (whose name be exalted !) delivered
me, and saved me from drowning, and sup-
life, ana Deat tne water witn my
feet as with oars, Hj^ ^ \j\ lz^^
^JJ3 J>^' cr* 4^i 4'^'^ J^
Drowsily, ^ju9u Jio Wfo? na^\ (slug-
gishly), ^ JUjbU 3t ikmalin.
Drowsiness, ^juxi na^9\ (indolence),
Drub, 9.h j>i darhat
Drub, «. ^.^ (2ar0&«
Drudge, v. /•J^ khadam, a\S:>^ J^^x
^oma^ khaddcLm. Cr^ t*^'
Drug, «. )^v> (^u'd (pi. I[^j\ adwigat),
Druggist, «• jlke ^attdr.
Drum, «. JJ? to(^. A kettle-drum, ij^
nakkdra. To drum, beat a drum, j^
tabhal, Jiall JJ ioA a^^/.
Drum-major, «. j^ ^;^^ ^fi Jilr mq/or.
Drummer, <• Ju? iabhdh
Drunk, drunken, ^J^/^ sakrdn. Like a
drunken man, ^j\jLJ\ Jt^ mtsl m-
aakrdn,
Dmnkard, ». \^^ 9uhrl. To be a
habitual drunkard, ^^CuJ\ ^Jx Jju
ta^aUam ^M assukr.
Drunkenness,^^ aukr. To feign drunk-
enness, ^J"^ ^^ i^^^ ^mal hdlaho
sakrdn.
Dry (not moist), ^j*^^ ydhia ; (thirsty),
^luJa£ ^tihdn. Dry in constitution,
-.|j^l ^^l[ gdhia ai mizdj.
Dry, 9. (free from moisture), ^^m^j ^a&-
boi. To dry in the sun (flesh, etc.)>
JjJ kaddad. To dry or wipe dry,
^***^ fiuuah.
Dryer, «. ijm^^ mugahhu*
Dryly (without moisture), (jmLJ\ ^Jx
^o/a' a/ yaidf ; (frigidly, without affec-
tion or emotion), it^jji J>^ hikol hi-
rUdat.
Dryness, ^^m^j yabi, ^yrl y(ibu9at\ (want
of sensibility, frigidity), £jj|^ hurikdaU
Dual, ,<:*i^ ifitMonna'. The dual num-
m
ber, ^jftiiiJ tasniyaU [Doubtfully.
Dubious, dubiously, etc. 8ee Doubtful,
Ducati 8Mj\iJt^ dlndr^jssf^ majar.
Duir
(616)
DUB
Duck, r. UIU (yM^ tomii« hilmd. See
Dive, Dowse^ PInnge.
Duct. See Guidance, Direction, Passage.
Ducts (in the bones, etc.), Sc\ya
Ductile, ^Jex^ mutlc, M^jci\ JjlS kdhU
atta^im^ ^^..^^ munhanl; (tractable),
Stsu% mukt&d. [<>,,^^r ghadab.
Dudgeon, ^^£CU>- khanjar; (indignation).
Due (proper), fjii kiytk, l^.wL« mu-
ndsih, L-.^c»-fj toajih, Aji Uttim, ^^J^
mafrdd. A debt due, lijSI l-.->^|^ ^^3
<20y» t£^4A<^ ^^ toafd, ^J^Uu^ mtutahik.
Due, ». (right), ^J^ halt (pi. J^a>-
huknk) ; (custom, tribttte),.|^ khar&j,
<0 >- jatiyaL
Duel, «. J;^J (^iZt^tf/.
Dug, j?flr^. q/" dig, jf^i«r< mahfar.
Dug, «. i^jj «<u^.
Dulcify, ,<«>* AaSa'. [wan\n).
Dulcimer, ^yi^ kanun (pi. ^j^^^ hi-
Dull, dull-brained (stupid), Jub 5a/lJ;
(sad), (^^^ma^tt^ ; (drowsy), ^U3
na^^», A dull market, ^XJ^ j|^
tuX; kaad&n.
Dull, V. (stupefy), y:*»- Kayyar,
Dullness (stupidity), d j]b halddat, ij\^
ghdbdwat\ (sluggishness), ^^V ^^^^
fl^vn ; (sadness), ^ gham.
DuUy (stupidly), iSii J^ ^lib^ }a£S(^.
Dumb (silent), Jj\ abkam, {j*i/>-\ akhras,
cu^L sdkit.
Dumbfound or strike dumb r. (with
astonishment), c::^ hahat.
Dumbness (silence), ^/M^ kharaa, lU^
sukat, sjL^^A^ samt.
Dun (colour), ^ ^ji hum ^etem.
y
Dim, f . ^«^ Ua^ ^;£ J Li;.''«9*l^ fSMS <20|rPi
ttuUdlibfi,
Dun, 9. ^«33li L^U? idlib btddayn.
Dunce, «. iXJj hdM,
Dung, JjJ MbL A dunghill, XLy«
mathidat (pi. J^]j^ mosd^ftQ.
Dungeon, <• ^j/^f^^ hobs.
Dupe, A^f. ghathlm, )^J^ maghrwr.
Child of Adam, lei not hope make a dnpe of
thee ; ficom all that thy huida hare treasmed
thou shalt be remoTed ! I see thee deairoiis of
the world and its embelliflhments : and pest
generationB hare (in rain} pniaued the same
course ! ♦ J^Jl CSi \y^} ^C^ ^b
CJ1;1 * j5i:J vii:^^ c:^ j1 U J^ ^^
Dupe, 9. ^^AkC ghoBh^jf^ ghadarm
Dui^oate, «. (copy or oorrespondiDg
part), ^l? 2Fjf^ tilra ^dntyoA, Jij
•
nai^, i,s^ nasiha.
Duplicate, r. ^ tantu^.
Duplication, ^.g.rL<^l> tadd^uf.
Duplicity (deceit), bj riyfl, ^Ai gha^,
JfUj n<i/2li^. [dawdm, CL'IJ m^^
Durability, durableness, lu &aifca, 4^\jj
Durable, ^U idi^, |»^l3 kdgun, ^y^
kaggiLm, f^L^^sdhii,j^s^ ^ muatamirr.
Not durable, J,\ifdnt,
Durably, /^^^^^ ^^J^ i^ addawdm.
Durance, duration, a^^J dawdm, \a} hakd^
j\jAS>^\ istimrdrf cuU iobdL Dura-
tion of lrfe,^^^t J^ tul al ^umtr.
Dura mater (membrane of the brain),
ittjJt a\ umm oddimdgK
During, a^ jt« md ddm, bjl omS. Daring
the war, t-J^l \:^\^f% oMd al harh.
During our administration, ^j^j _5
\:Jj\j\fl wman iddratind. And pro*
DTJT
(617)
SAG
hah\j lie remembered his tamHj and his
mothef , who is an old woman, and he imagined
that she was weeping for him dnring the
hoQiB of the night and the periods of the day,
b^ *V*' L5*J ^^y ^ ]/^ ^J^
jlfit. They (fern, pi.) therefore asked
her respecting the cause of his sickness, and
she answered them, Its cause was onr ahsenoe
from him, and onr leamg him desolate ; for
these da js daring which we were absent from
him were to him longer than a thoasand years,
duix LluJl^ lUi: libL^ ^\ Jj)\ ifJJb
DusloBh, doBty, ^kSJc^e mu^im.
Dost, jLfi ghubarf ij^ ghahrai. To
raise dust, ^ ghabhar. And consider
a people who ornamented and decorated their
paJacea, and in the dost have become pledeed
for their actions. They built, but their baud-
ings availed not ; and accumulated treasures,
but their wealth did not save them when the
term had expired, ^-Ajl^ ^\ j^\^
J:>-« ^\ US (^U j^flCU
Dust, 9. (sprinkle with ^xisi)jj^ghalharM
Dusty (fhll of dust, coyered with dost),
5^ ^ holahu ghabra. [munk&d.
Dntifal, dnteons, ^Ja/s muii^, j\Jb^
Dutifally, ilfilLr JO hlu)! id^at.
BatifnlnesB, Ic^ t&^, ieXa\ itdcot,
^aty, Jp- ^ (pi. y}^ hvkah), ^^
r<»0i (pL M»^j^ fnurdnm)\ (office),
i^S£>^ hhidmat* To do one's duty, ^
xAa {„,^^^\^\ tammam al wdjth ^aHhi.
The duty of an office, v,,.>.«n;^ mofuah,
i^S^khidmat, A doty or toll, J^«^tfr^
mahM, A collector of dntiesi J*a^
muhauil.
Dwarf, <• d£\j^ huHr al lad.
Dwarfishness, ^USIyb^ m^hr al kdmaL
Dwell, 9. ^jC* Miihin.
DweUer, «• ^f-^ imUawattin, a«L«
Dwelling, «. cu%^ &fy^, ^ICe maidn,
Dwindle, «. (consame away), (i.j!j toiii/'.
Djring, «. d.^^ tikit^; (tinging), iLi^
Dynasty, <. (line of princes), JlLILSI
au^jUll attdyfat dl mulnkigat.
Dysentery, «. i*jJt ^}\^\ uMl addam^
^jJI Ji^ ioyl addam, uJj^ nasl^,
b^luj J du&ntmgd.
E.
Each, Jl>-1j J^ kol wdhid, I have seen
her many times, and she was my companion
when we were little children ; but now we
have no acquaintance with each other, on ac-
count of the distance between us, ^Ji
Juulf 1.,^.^^^. The King then went
forth to the chase and hunt, and ordered his
two sons to sit in his place to administer jus-
tice, each of them for one day at a time, ac-
cording to their custom, CXLill ^jii
Uff jU _]lc
Eager (ardently wishing), ^^^cZt^ mmlh
tdh ; (vehement, hot» choleric), j\>-
^IjJl hdr ul miwdj; (quick, busy),
jjy-i san^; (sharp, sour), ^^U-
hdmid.
Eagerly (ardently), J^ J^ hiiotshawk;
(quickly), liu^ sari^n.
£AE
(618)
XAS
EagemesB (ardour), <U4^>- hammiyat^
iji^ ghayrat\ (yehemenoei choler),
^^^mot. ghadah ; (impetaoBity)i ^ys^
hufUm,
Eagle, #.yuJ fUMT. The constellatioii
of the eagle, ^\yf^^AMu!i annaw attdyir.
The Mling eagle (a constellation),
^\^\jm2W antuur al u?&ki^*
Ear, 8. (organ of hearing), ^ j\ usit. The
two ears, ^\jJ\ atndn. To lend an
ear, ^^cu«»\ iitama^. The ear or handle,
^j\ ttS».
Earring, s. jJl>- AaZait.
Earwig, *. ^;1jl!1 ^lil«^ mi<Aibd«A
adddn; (a whisperer), ^c^l^ f^d^Ai,
aUJ fuimmdm.
EarwitnesSy «. ^/vLs «dmt^.
Earl, «. v:uJ/ eomU (Fr.).
Early (in the morning), \^\) Idkiran.
Early (qaickly)i Uj ^ «arf ^afi. Very
early, ^U ^Ic ^M hdJtir. [kaseh.
Earn, v. ^j rebeh, jJo^- ^«a/, f^^m^
Earnest, a<{r'. ^«^^ hijaddin; (zealous),
J^ ghayyur.
Earnest (handsel), (^y^ ^ar^fin. In
earnest, ^tXasT hi jaddinf <tLA3>> AaAii-
ifca^n, AaJLj^I J /f a/ hahlhat.
Earnestly (with attention), Juijf Jjj
Stib^ takayyud] (zealously), aUcj^I J^
5tlo{ tA^imdm; (importunately), (J^
Earnestness (fixed attention), J,w.^
BhugM, Jl.jLrJjl uktigh&l^ J^ jad;
(zeal), AUcJbl ihtimdm, ij^ ghayrat \
(importunity), /«^/-^^ «^dm, ^LcJbl
tA^tmdfii.
Earth, «. ,^j\ ari (pi. ^1^^ flrd(ft);
(the element earth), ^\ji turah. The
inhabitants of the earth, ijoji\ ^l^^
ahdll Vard* The &oe of the earth,
^^\ ^j wt^ Vard, The globe of
the earth, ^J\ i^ kurrat Ford. To
hide in the earth, (joJi\ ^^ l/^
khafa* fit Vard. [majhol amnMob,
Earth-bom(meanly bom), <,.,>.m.v^^ J^^t^
Earthen, i^\p turdll.
Earthiness, ^-'|/ Uirdh.
Earthy (belonging to this world), t^j^
ardi, ^^^Jlx ^laml; (corporeal),
Earthquake, v, lipj wakiolat (pL Jjlj
Earthy, ^\p turdhl\ (terrestrial), *^j
ardf.
Ease (rest), i^\jrdhae; (facility), iiy^
iuhyJat; (carelessness), JUjb^ ikmdl;
(gracefulness, want of constraint).
Ease, V, (give rest), f^j rayyak.
Easily (without difficulty), iij^ Jij
hikol tuhiHat
Ea8ines8(facility),X]j^n«Ail/0^y«Mjyaiar.
East, 8. O/^ nuuhrik. (pL ^JJ^^^
mathdrtk), ^\^ shark. The east and
west, i^jM^^j fJjJMA^\ al nuuhrik wal
maghrib (pi. c^U^llj ^ll^t al Ma«
ahdrik w&l magh&rib). Distant as the
east from the west, ^j^jLa!\ Om hu^
al maihralAn,
Easter, t^^t Junlf al ^d aduharif^
.^\ Jufi ^d affath.
Easterly, eastern, ^^j^ Bharld (fern.
iLS^ sharkiyat).
<m
Easy (not difficult), ^^^^ hayyim, ,J^
sahel; (contented), if^]j rddi. For
this mode of prooeeding bringeth loTera to-
gether, and by it things that are dtfficuU an
ECL
(619)
EDI
rendered ea8y,t->U^ll! ^^ j-^ap;! j^
Eat, p. J$\ akd. To eat and drink,
^j^^ cKI <ikal wa %hereb. So we
ate what food we had in our dwellings, and
after that we fell i^on the beasts and ate them,
and there remained nothing,^\^t«lJ^li
Eatable, J/U mahal, J^^ yatidial.
Eaten, Jj^U mdikal.
Eater, 8. jUl olkdL A maa«eater
(cannibal), ^jmUII Jl^l akkdl annds.
Eating, part. pret. J^l aakS; $. JjS\
aid. Eating and drinking, <-r^^ J^^
akl tea shitrh,
Ebb,jjp-y<wr. The ebb and flow (of
the tide), tXyjjjs^jaar toa mad.
Ebony, ^/»^ t ahn^.
Ebriety,^^C« 9ukr.
EbalIition,&fi£i/ai|/aib^,^ULc ghaiayan.
Eccentric (deviating from the centre,
irregular), Sjl^USI uJi»- IhUaf al
kd^idat.
Ecclesiaatio, adf. ^c^^ idndfH.
Echo, I JU0 sadd, ^\j yaghi.
Echo, r. _il£ ^^aa ^mal ydghl.
Eclat, (JJ^j raumak, [^ diyd.
Eclipse, t. (of the sun), uJLX;\ inH-
'^/; (o^ the moon), u.i>^*»«<- Ihmuf.
Eclipse, V. (the son), u, tt^ iMa/; (the
moon), t— Qm:v. khasaf.
Eclipsed (as the snn), ^a>i.iCv>« mtin-
kasif; (as the moon), uJ^kio^ mun*
khoiif. To be eclipsed (snn), ujL>(}\
inkasaf; (moon), co.at'irl itikhasqf*
When the hands of time play with us, mis*
fortune is imparted to us by its protracted kiss.
In the sky are stars that cannot be counted ;
but none u eclipsed sare the sun and the moon,
UUj b J^J^S ^^\ cUu: J. Ji
Ecliptic, $. ^jti^A&W (Jijb tarik oBhthamSy
^ j^l <iih; ^ mantakat al huruj.
Econoqiy (frugality), JIjcl^I i^tddl;
(arrangement), c,.wy ^^!3, Ui^
funm, i^Uasjf ttUisdm. [mu^iadil*
Economic, economical (frugal), Jjcj(/«
Ecstacy, ^jfjl^ cJUaaErl tnkhitdfarrawh.
I soothe my heart in my passion, and conceal
it ; but mv state showeui and interpreteth my
loYa When my tears flow, I say, My eye is
sore, lest the censurer should see and under-
stand my condition. I was free from care,
and knew not what love was ; but have be-
come enamoured, and with emdayed heart I
submit my case to you, complaining of my
passion and my eostaoy, that you may pity
and show mercy. I have written it with the
tears of mv eye,4hat {wrchance it may exnlain
to you the Iotc with which you have affectea me,
C^ i^ J»- ^ * W^ v/e* t-"*
Ecstatic, JtViwK nuut&l, JLft jw< madh&l.
Eddy, t. ij4^ ghamrat.
Edge (thin catting part of a blade), *x>-
hadd. An edge (border), ^li^ kandr^
LjtfU^ hdahiyat, ^Jo tar of.
Edged ^M kdti^y I9- hadd.
Edict, «. ^1 omr, S>- hukm. The
royal signature on public edicts, frr^y
EdificatioUy ^»Jl«j ta^lim, Zjy tarbiyat,
EFP
(620)
EGB
Edifice, 8. ^Ux ^tmdrat, ^J^^ hmjfdn,
Edifj, V. c-^jf addabf Jx ^aUam.
Edition (of a book), hJ^ tab^, Sjmj
nashrat.
Editor, 8.J^\j ndshir.
Educate, v. _j^ rabl<f. ^d\ adddb*
<m I
Educated, ^,y murabha\ They were
educated with ^reat care, magnificence, and
tenderness, and instmcted in polite arts and
accomplishments. They learned oaligrapfay
and genera] science, and the art of amninis*
tratioirand horsemanship, until they attained
the utmost perfection, and hecame distin-
guished hy oonsummate beauty and loTelineas,
L-LJl^ jOJlj kiiJl UU?j JUXll^
Education, Xj^ tarHjfa$, ^JuJ ta^lim,
c->j\ addb. [i/i*:?^' ankha.
Eel, i, CL^ll^l tl.\4>..» samak al hayyAt,
Efbce, V. See Deface, Erase, Obliterate.
Effect (that which is produced by an
operating cause), ^Ij UMr^ ^^^
natljaU The cause and effect, J^pSI
al usUl wdlftn^^). Effect (purpose),
^ fi!ya^, (j^ gharad, Juoi A0m(;
(completion), (Ja^Jo ^oibntf.
Effects, JU mdl (pi. J|^t amira/), jjj
risifc (pi. jljj^ orsdit, jlic ^oi^dr).
Private effects, Xi^lsM J\^lf (d am-
ufdl al khdMat. [^kammal.
Effect, V. (effectuate), maj tammam, Ji^
Effected, aUj ^iimam. To be effected,
Effectible, j^ yatum.
Effective, effectual, efficacious, efficient,
J)^ muanir, ^\^ kdfl, XJlcU dd laho
EflEectively, effeetoally, eficacioiidy, JO
iyi hikol kUwat, XixU J^ Mb/ Jo-
^iyat; (completely), UUj feww^waa.
Effeminacy (female softness), ^vjw jm-
Effeminate (soft), ^U fiel^fifi; (lasd-
vious), ^}^\i fiuik, C^ljfl c, .^wL
sdhib ihahwdt.
Effeminate, v. (soften), m na^jMm.
Effervesce, «. ^Jlc ghM.
Efferveseence, ^;ULe yhdaydn.
Efficacy, efficiency, iA^SAfi^Uiyat. See
Effect, Agency. [EfEective.
Efficadous, efficient, ^JlaU fSL^ih. See
Effigy, if^^ ^Aro^, Jiw «Aai/.
Effiuz, efinzion, (JXamJI imifak. See
Effusion. ["^W^^ tSF*^i%di2.
Effort, ^A-i Mt*, Jcr y«W, Jb^s^ >aW,
Effirontery, ^ISj wakShaL See Impu-
dence.
Effusion, '*^g ' 8afk, \^^^ «ai. The effu-
sion of blood, i*«>I\ (I,^fl.rf 8afk addam.
Eft. See Lizard. [maudan.
E. O. (exempli gratia, for example), It^
Egg, «. Xiaj haydat The eggs of fish,
jL^ Mtfiydr. An egg-shell, jl^
XiA«J1 J&MAr a/ haydai. I was een-
vinced, therefore, that the dome which I had
seen was one of the ^gs of the Rukh. I won-
dered at the works of the Creator (whose name
be exalted!) ^\ La1\ ^ (juJJ^ii
JU; ^j\l\ jU ^ c^^ Jl
^g?» ^' See Investigate, Incite.
Eglantine, «• (a species of rose or sweet-
briar), ^^jmJ^ jtdn%9rin.
Egotism, <Lj)^\ Mtdniyatp LU\ji\ Cy>^«fc-
htbh audi.
Egregious, fJ^^idmU, J^^^ nmiamwul.
XKB
(621)
EID
EgregiooBly (ezoeecl]iigly)i i^-^^J^ hi
EgreM, egNsnon, '^Jj^ ihmritf.
Ejaculstey v. JlS isisy Ji^ hawiala.
And tbe King, q>eaki]ig in a low Toioe, and
adapting kiB ton^ae to the pronunciatioii of
the Uacki, ejaciuated. There is no ttreogth
nor power Imt in Gk>d, the Meet High and the
Most Great! ^^
J\j^ JijjJ] jLt jJlC;^ iOLi ^
Ejaculation, «. (short or sudden prayer),
i^J da^wat; (throw), ^j ramh
Ejecty 9. (drive oat), ^^;£>^^ Mrqf; (to
cast atray), ^^ ^«A ; (to void from
the month), 9f!^ isiafragh. To
eject from an (^ioe, Jjc ^<im^.
Ejectment, «. (from a possession), ^|/^^
f,^\j^\ ^ ikhrdj min al mirds.
Ejection, ^rlr^^ ikkrdj. See Expulsion.
Eigh or eh, mtmj, i\ ah, \A.
Eight, ^Uj tamdniyat. The eighth,
^^U 9&m%n, An eighth (part), ^jAJ
sumn* Eighteen, yM4fiXjUj«amSniy0^
^har. The eighteenth, jJLc ^U
sdmin ^ashar (fern. ^^«Lcil^b sdmifMt
fOsharai). Eightfold, i^UjI ^Uj
^i I**
samdnnfot ad^df. Eighthly, L^u «d-
minan. The eightieth, ^;y Uj MmdnSM.
Eight score, ^^^ ^L« mdya^ 10a
8tUtun. Eighty,^yUj«amd»i2n,^Uj
samdnin. Eight hundred, ^U^Uj
«aind» mdyat. Eight thousand, ^^Uj
uJJ^ Mmdn ate/.
Either, b yd, jt oi^. Either the one or
the other,^)! b d^\^\ \jydai wdhid
yd al akkar. Either of you, S •Xft^l
ahadhum. Either side, ^;«JU»-ydm'&f ft.
Eke, V. See Add, Increase, Lengthen,
Supply.
To elaborate, J^ hamnud, Elabo^
rately, Iul^I JG hOool i^tind, ilj Jij
hikol dikhai.
Slanoe, 9. See Throw on^ Dart
Elapse, 9. y mar, Jtj %dl, CL>U /d^,
fnad^. The time which is
elapsed, ^\^\ ^*^^J namdn al mddi.
But there had not elapsed more than a little
while before the party of Kinf EaBemendel
were roated, and Mtook thenuebres to flight,
seeking their own safety,^^ ^^ As
Jf\v.4^1 kl^L^S i»y aJ^\ ^j:.^^ l&Li
^It iF^cOJj ^^U \^^^
Elastic (springy, springing), ^l^fJl
IdBiik.
Elate, yJcL^ mutakabhir.
Elate, v.jSs^ ^L^x^ ^maldho mutakahhir
Elation,>^^Juf takahhur. \%ind.
Elbow, «. (j^j^ marfak^ c ^ hi^ jjj
Elder brother, n^jS^ Jl^ aldkh alakhar.
Elder, s, (a man whose age gives him
authority), ^^ ihayk. Elders, ^^^J^
shaynkhf fC^iSu^ mashdyekh, /^yA\ ^Lcl
a^dn al kanom, [j^mr*
Elderly, y4jJb i^^^x:^ mutakaddim hil-
Eldership, i^^i^ thaykhnkhat ; (pri-
mogeniture), ^j^^ hakurtyat.
Eldest, Sj hikr. And he has set over
this tract, of which I haye informed thee, his
eldest daughter, the chief of her sisters ; and
she IB distinguished hy bravery and horseman-
ship, and guile and artifice, and enchantment,
hy which she can overcome all the people of
her dominions ! ^Is. cl^Uil _J^ JJj
Elder tree, «. ^UJ^^iBr* BOfor al balaidn.
ELE
(622)
ELO
Elecampane (herb), ^^\j rdion^ r^^
jandh, ^<^ti JiMfifj tif^tbil thaml.
Elect, V. L.^JsXi\ Makhab.Jc^S ilM&r,
f^ nahka\
Elect, elected, jlif^ mukhtdr, i,,>^aCU^
muntakhahf ^Jicua^ muitafi^.
Election, c-;lkl3t inttthdh.
Elective, i^.Jc\ij yuntdkkab.
Electively, c^l^Xb hilMikhah.
Elector, s, i— ^^"CU^ mufUakhib,
m
Electro (amber), bj^l^ kdhrahd.
Electrical, ^j jl>- /dsift.
Electricity, t^Sp^janb, ^j\s^jdMj/aL
Electuary, «• ^y^ ma^'Hn (pi. ^^;:*^^
Eleemosynary (living npon alms), (^Ic
c:^Ium^\ ^ ^dywA mm al hasandt;
(giving in charity), JLiu>- hasanat.
Elegance, i3\Ja wr&fat, XiUJ VMfat,
fkiit. Elegance in speaking or writing,
J[c)b haldffhat, ^L^-Loi fasdhat. And
he had a daughter of surprising beauty and
loveliness, surpassinj^ in elegance and in eyerr
grace, endowed with ahnndant sense and
eminent polite accomplishments, ui^ l^^
m
Elegant, t—flJfll laiif, <— aj^ *^lf$ {j***>^
ham, <J--4»>- jamllf ^-^ hahl. Most
elegant, uJ^l asra/*, ^^^M^fiwf ahsan.
Elegantly, ^lla! J^ ^M latdfaU
Elegy, 9. (poem), ifju^ huldat (pi.
Jjl^^dyu^. A mourning or funeral
song, iJ^ morMya^ (pi. ^5/* »w»^^'^)-
Element, ^•d:x ^tfn«fir(pl.^li£ ^diidnr).
The four elements, ijoJ\j^\:^\ a/-
^and«tr dl arhaffU. The four elemen-
tary qualities of man, tl^l ^J^^ ^
arha^at akMdt, The elements or letters
of a language, Isrl (-J;|^ kwitf al
hnifd. The elementB or mdimentB of
science, Jji\ c5fc>U^ nuibddi id ipm.
Elemental, elementary (belonging to the
elements), \^j^^^ ^tciMtfrl; (unoom-
pounded), ^^^j^j^ghiyrmiuraLkak.
Elephant, f. J^^ fll. An elephaot
keeper JUi fayydl. The elephantiasu
(disease of the elephant), iS^^ "^^^
daa alfll. ^^J ^^f^
Elevate, v. ^le, ^a22a', v,,.wii natah,
Elevate, elevated, ^^j^ fnarf&^ JU
Elevation, eliJj\ irtifd^ Elevaikm or
sublimity of style, c^Utl Undh.
Elevator, «. ^U rdfi^
Eleven, jtx. «x^l ahhad ^har* The
eleventh, JLc 4^jl>» Ad<ft ^ocAor.
El^ 9. (a spirit supposed to be seen in
wild places), J^ ghol.
Elicit, r. Uy^c*^ tahab.
Eligibility, eligibleness,
laydkat al intikhdh.
Eligible, fjJi Idyik,
f^\s^V[ 4— ,.i>"i:M»>< mtutawiih 4U m-
tikhdh.
Elision (cutting off a letter or syllable,
etc.), L^s>^ haxf^
Elixir,^^-ywwkS^\ akiir.
Ell, %, clj J soro^.
Elm- tree, «. jl J;J darddr, t^J^ 6iUt«d.
Elocution, i»^\mai fasdluU, ish haldyhaL
Elogy, .Ju^ mo^A. See Encomium,
Praise, Panegyric.
Eloigne, v. (putat adistance), jJL fta^coi.
Elongate, i;. (lengthen), Jjib tot^mi/;
jwuib.
ELS
(623)
EMA
(to go at a distance), JuaJ m^J rdA
Elongation (lengthening), Jj^^ tatu^I;
(distance), Jju hu^d; (departure), ^\ji
firak.
Elope, 9. jifarr^ f^^\ inhaaam.
Elopement, jlyj^dr, Aj^^ Mm&m.
Eloqnence, i^\^fMdhat, ^)b haldghat.
I diye in the ocean of eloonenoe, where I
select the hest pearls ; and n'om the tree of
speech I coll the ripe and heantifial fruit, while
others gather the dry wood, _9 u^^^
jyiU . And persuade by the
gloziog of the tongne, and deceiye hy the
magic of eloqnence. famine the state of a
market hefore taking thy wares to it, and coax
a she-camel*s teat before attempting to milk
it. Inquire about a meadow before seeking
pasture m it, and smooth a place for thy side be-
fore lying down, ^LJJ\ 9 ^ u^-J^lj
Eloquent, .^uai /mIA, ^Jj haligh. Host
eloquent, ,/^\ afiah.
Eloquently, ath, A>- Lou hifatd hatm.
And the graTc eloquently answered the in-
quirer for them : Aj to the cheeks, the rose
10 gone from them. Long time they ate and
drank ; but now, after pleasant eating, they
thenuelTes hare become tne prey of the worms,
U Jib JJ * Jaii^ Jj^\ Ifju J^s^\
♦l^u J^\
Else {prw. other), jJ>^\ dkhar, j^
ghayr; {adv. beside, except), \j^\^
md ^add, Lll>- hdihd. Elsewhere,
*.T J.«^ ^ fl mahaU dkhar.
Elucidate, v. ^^ waddah, ^ hayyan^
~jJ^ iharah, Cr^ sharks
Elucidation, ^^y tawdlh^ ^Jui haydh,
Elude, V, Jjl»> hdwal; (to aYoid),^ Jo^l
thiaMor.
Eludible,^l«3c;^Sl ^;^^ fMtmUn al ihti-
%dr, j\is^\ A^ji Idtim al ihtudr.
Elusion (artifice), ^lL>- hUat. See
Stratagem.
Elusive, elusory, ^ILc ghathihdsh.
Elysian, ,<^^^ fairdM. See Delight-
ful, Delicious.
Elysium, (jmjJ^I al fa/rdaw%^ ^jjsI
ajjawnoit.
Emaciate, v. (make lean), l-oaJ <fa^^0/,
t— aaKT* naKhaf\ (to be lean ar become
lean), cJ*^ d$^f.
Emaciated, c^Oja^ n«Al/, fc—fljw^ ^^f/**
When I beheld, in the midst of the throng, a
person of emaciated appearance, in tiie garb
of a trayeller, and with a plaintiye Toice,
LS-^i^ lli^ isLJl if^ ^ ^\^
Emaciation, ^\a^nuhdfai.
Emanation, j^*^ 9udilr.
Emancipate, v. ^^/Jifw khaUas, ^Js^\a^iak,
j;)j0l atlak. I possessed what none
of the kings possessed, and ruled with
justice, and acted with equity and impar-
tiaUty towards my subjects. I gave and
made presents ; and I uTcd a long time in
the enjoyment of happiness and an easy life ;
and I emancipated female and male slaret,
*^!^ ^J^^^ c:-iii:!^
Emancipated, Jh^a^ mu^k. An eman-
cipated slave, fjjr^^ ma^uk.
- ^.^
EMB
(624)
EMB
Emancipatioii, ^\s^\ i^k, Jlie\ Mdk
Emaacalate,v.^^>a:>'khMa\ SeeCastrate.
Emaiu (a town in Syria), ^^4x ^amwdt.
Embalm, v. lal^. hannai.
Embalmed, laxsr* muhanruU*
Embarcation (^ing on board 8hip)i J aj}
j^\ ^ nmal fd hahir\ (putting on
board), ^j^^ waak.
Embargo, «. j:^\ ^jLJ\ ^^ num^
anafair fH hahr ; ^ i^^\yi\ ^^
\:^\ ^ 'Kij^^ man^'fd mar&kib ^on
id hhwruj nUn al mind.
Embark, v, (go on board),^^£^l (V J^
neuHfll hahr; (to put on board), ^J^^
wuak. And so he knew that ther had em-
barked on the sea, and punned tneir oonrse
oyer it; in consequence of which his hope of
diBcoyering them was then cut off, and he
poured forth tears and recited these Terses,
j-La}1^ -Ui \^j\^^y^\ \ySj ^\ ^
Embarra88,t^.^^ Bhaww(uih,j0^hayyar.
Embarrassed, t^iyL^ mtuhawwash* To
be embarrassed, L^Ja^d^ mudtarih.
Embarrassment, ij^^ hlrat, l^\J^\
idtir&by ^JtiJ^^j taahwlah.
Embassador, ambassador, t^^\ elehi.
Embassy, s, ij\sL^ saf&rat.
Embattle, v. i^jS^^f^Mji\ i^Jua %af al
^kar m harh. See Array ; and under
Battalia. [ah&t hU khallj.
Embay, r. (inclose in a bay ),«^vls)b]0l»>-l
Embellish, v. ^j tayyan.
Embellished, ^J^ mtuayyan.
Embellisbment, iijj tlnai.
Embers (hot ashes), jjJit tharar.
Embezzle, v, (to appropriate by breach
of trust), ^jJorLf ikhUloi; (to waste
in riot, etc.)> imJj^\ aaraff t^Jb ialaf.
Embezzlement, ^UsL
Emblem, «. ij\JL\ uhdrat^ h\:S hmtdyti.
Emblematical, emblematic, lSt^j
Emblematically, U^li hilramx.
Embolden, jMt>- jataar^ ^Ji 4^^ htntwd
hObdho. {kdb\mt.
EmboIiBmal,amboloiiB,(intercalary)4yMM«^
Embrace (fold in the arms), ^Ic ^amk.
To embrace one another, ^l» ta^-
nak; (to comprise), i^asJ^\ Mttamal;
(to admit, receive), Jkaerf attakkm.
And when his grandmother saw him, she roe
to him and emoraoed him, kissed him belwc«:a
the eyes, and said to him, Maj thy arriTsl be
hlessed, 0 my child ! How didat tboa leare
thy mother? He answered her. Well; ia
perfect prosperity and good health ; and rite
salutes thee, ^1l::.'^U dj*Xs^ JJ\j Uli
vjuJlij <L>;jr. ^^t« (j^Sfjj ^Ti,v".,r^
Embrace, », ZajIa^ mu^nakai, i}Li»-
haddtuU, Conjugal embraces, JU«
trwd/, oUb^/tmdc.
Embracer, «. J^U/t mu^dnik.
Embroider, v.jjio tarran. She was dad
in a shirt of fine and delicate Venetiaii stuff,
with two borders of gold, emhroidered in the
most admirable manner, presenting- the foUow-
ing yerses worked upon the extremity of eadi
sleeve . , . j^j^^ fj^i^\iAs^.
Embroideiy, JiJ^ tatrU. Then they
passed thence to the third chamber, in which
they found closets havine upon their doors
closed locks, and over them were cmtains
worked with Tarious kinds of embroidery*
\,j^y tiJlsll ^JAt^\ ^J\ \^\ ^
Leiyj iiLu JUii Lfcl* Jij^ ^
EHI
(625)
XMf
Embroili v, )aiS-> khalat.
Embiyoy #. ^j^i>P^ janln.
Emendable, JLci\,^^>ji^ mumUnaluldh.
Emendatioii, ^^\ itldh.
Emendator, «. ^^"^^ nnuaUth.
Emerald, 9. Jj^j vumunrud. And in the
midst of that dome was a great dome-crowned
structure of alabaster, around which were
lattice windows, decorated and adorned with
oblong emeralds, each as none of the kings
could procure, Li L^\ cl^ la^^ ^j
j*xJJi ^j^\ uW-^ ij^j^ ij^^JL^
Emerge, v,jXa tsder, iUX'^ hedes*
Emergence, emergency (sadden occa-
sion), L)j\^ h&diiot ; (the act of rising
into view), jy^ tvhur, ^ ^ iulu^
j^Ju0 sudur.
Emergent (sadden), iAks. ^Jlc ^M gha-
JUU, c^*o^ j^ ghayr mutarakkab ;
(rising into view), ^J^\j ndshl, jCLa
adder.
Emeroids or emerods, 8. jy^, hdsUr (pi.
j^^y hawdtlr). An herb which cares
the emerods (verbascam or mallein),
OjJI ^\o\ asLdn al dubh.
Emetical, emetic, ^y^L^ munatiik
Emetic, «. c|^i:u«)^ utifrdgh.
Emigrate, v,j\jM\ilJp iarak addiydr,
jS^ hajr. [uIhF^ hijrdn.
Emigration, ^^^ ^y t(frk al watan,
Eminence, eminency (exaltation in rank),
iji^ jaldl, <Lt\^ kardmatf ^ ^utp.
Eminence (height), fUjjl irtifd^. An
eminence (high groand), Jj tal. In
proportion to one's care and solicitude emi-
nences are gained; and he who seeketh emi-
nence roust pass numberless sleepless nights.
He dives into the sea who seeketh for pearls,
and obtaineth majesty and perfect success.
Whoso seeketh eminenoe without making the
greatest efforts to obtain it, loses Bis life in
searching for an impossibility, jjl!\j J^
jJliJ^ v,,.^Viy ^y * jJU#eJ\ c. ■>!»«"«> 7
s-^ u^j • J'i^S *^WV J^^j
Eminent (exalted in degree), ^\c ^dft,
i>^jJ^ thartf. Very eminent, c^^^^^U
^[& i*lL« idhib makdm ^lU Emi-
nent men, ^^^^ S-'Vj^ arhdh al
ma^tl, \ijJ^ thurafd. Eminent (con-
spicaoos), i^-f-M*.^ nuuhhilr, uJj^;^-^
ma^rnf.
Eminently, ^Ic ^y ^* wajhin ^dU.
Emissary, i. ^j^tyja^ jdsiLi.
Emission (sending out), ^\p^^ tkhrdj,
j\xa\ uddr.
Emit, V. (send forth), 'T/^^ ahhrc^.
Emollient, ^JX^ mulayyin.
Emolament, if JjU fdyidat, ^a3 im/^,
ijlU^ ma^h, [tion.
Emotion, ^\Ja^\ idtiruh. See Agita-
Empale, v, (a man), JJ^ hhawzah
Emperor, «. {or king), ^llsL* 8tMdn.
The Emperor of Bome, jma3 kaysar.
The Emperor of China, j^^ fagh/Hr.
Emphatic. See Forcible, Energetic.
Empire (command), *^ hukm,j^\ amr ;
(the imperial dignity), ^laL» saltanat.
An empire or kingdom, ^SIa^ mam-
ktkat, hisaLa saltanat, iiyj dawUU. And
she said, 0 my mother, verily I fear for our
kingdom ; for I came to you, and acc^uainted
not any one of the people of the empire ; and
I dread, if I remain long away from them,
that the kingdom will be alienated from us,
and that the dominion will depart from our
hands, ^<Lc isi^^ s^\ ^\ \j sji-Jli^
'\l.y Jc^\ Jl U ^f jJl «: ^
40
EICP
(626)
EXA
Uj Jj! ^ J[Ou«JU The King, there-
fore, rejoieed at this exeeedmgiij. He fum-
mooed the judges and witnesMs, and the chief
offioen of flie empire, and the grandeea, and
wrote Kamar-cx-Zaman's contract of marriage
to hia daughter, the Qneen Hajat-cn-Naloa.
Employ, V. (keep another at work), a
khaddam, ^fij^ ihaghghdl. To employ
oneself, JjcJ«\ iMaghdl. To employ
one another, \^\Jjjj ttuhdghakL. To
employ (use asan instmment or means),
J^r-.^J iita^mdl. To employ every
endeavour, 2a^\ J jj hasdl al himmat,
^^iuJt J jj haiud aua^f *^^^^^ J«^
lawal al majMd. To employ (com-
mission or entmst), JS^ wakkal. If
I employ not some stratafem with him, therehy
to defend myiielf from him, he will gain pos-
Mttion of me, and attain his desire; for he
is in lore, and the loTer, whateyer he does, is
not to be blamed for it, f^^^ ^J ^L»
Employable, JUjclJII S"^!^ t&q;»} al
uti^mdl, [tnashghul.
Employed, J«LuL<« mtuhtaffhil, J^LuL^
Employer, «. (one that uses), J^ta^^
Employment, employ, jAia Bhug}dfj/%\
amTf ^^AA ^amal; (office), a_--/7'— r
mantab; (service), iUJ^ Jchidmat,
mm
Empoison, v, f^A^ tammam. See Poison.
Emporium, 9, (mart), jJcj bandar, j\j[)
hdnar.
Empower, r. ^joyfmffwad.
Empress, «. i^ fiNiUb^, ij UsLi MfttdMl
Emptiness, ]U^ MaJ^.
Empty (void), JU. £k?ft, ^^ViM
Empty, V. ^^jios fadd^i.
Empyrean, t. (highest heaven), ^^
^^^.id^t a/ ih«r«i.
Emulate, v. (endeavour to equal «r ex-
cel, without envy), ^La tdbak.
Emulation, i^ ghlrat, Jmu»-> Aoasi.
Emulously, S^ J^ hikol ghJrat,
Enable, v.jjjjtaddar, i^^ kaww^^ And
the old woman said nnto him. By thr ytnd.
I mnst risk my life for thee, and eoaUe tto
to attain thy desire, and accomplish for tbre
that which is in thy heart, ^ clJliJ
Enact, v.j^\ amor, aC^ haJuan.
Enamel, l:^^ mind*
Enamour, r. ^Jm4^ ^m^«£. Now wba
Bedr heard their words, and understood wbit
they said, from first to last, and the dexiip-
tion of the yoong lady mentioned by hia uudt,
he became enamonred of her by ear ; bot b«
pretended to them that he waa asleep i
flame of fire was kindled in his heart on ber
account, Lt ^^ U^IL^ jjj w^^ U!i
Enamoured, ^J^lc ^d«At%. To be deeply
enamoured, \^y^ ^^U ^d#AA ma/-
fiim. Has the archer shot me, or hsTi
thine eyesP Thou hast destroyed the heart
of the enamoured on his looking at thee!
Has the notched arrow been snddenlj laaoed
at me from the midst of an army, or nom thT
window ? ♦ cJl:ifir- A {j^!f^ ^S^}
ENC
(627)
END
Encamp^ 9. a<»s^ ib&tfj^tfm.
Encampment, #. ^^ji^l tircft.
Enchant, 9. ,«*' Miibr.
Enchanted, jj^^**^ nuuhfkr. And the
Kine went out and fonnd the yomij; man who
had Deen enchanted waiting for hm, and he
congratnlated him on hia safetr; and the
joimg man kined his hand and thanked him,
Enchanter, «. ^La idAir, jlsr* MAAdr.
Thia damiel ia the dat^ghter of one of the
great kings, and her father possesses men and
Jan,enchuiters,diTineiB, taibes, guards, regions,
and oitiee, clJX« u:..^ <Ly>aH iJJb ^t
iTyi^'it^^ iiii(, jyB-^ iJisr^ Ci
Enchanting^ adf.jS***^ WHisMr,
Enchantment (magic charms), ^^^*^ sihr.
Enchantments, ^Ue ^tfsdytm.
Enchantress, «. (sorceress), i^ Li s&hirat.
Encircle, v. tij^ f-Le ^c^ wada^ ^ihi
t&ra.
Enclose, «. (sorroond), )a\^\ ahdt; (to
confine), ^/ub*>> Ao^.
Enclosure, i, iU^l^*! ihatai, jya tHr,
Ou«> foi^. An enclosare of pales,
^J^jfj liara&Bln. An endosnre for
catUe,^^«la>- hatMr.
Encomiast, ^jl« mddih, -.Ij^ madddh.
Encomium, -Jw« modA, JL4b>> AtfmJ.
Encompass, v. Ll^ A^^, jl J (^r. See
Encircle, Enclose. And he has assigned
to his children (the damsels whom thou
aawest) a tract of a whole year's journey in
length andhreadth; and that tract is encom-
passed by a great riTer, so that no one can
gain aeoesft t» that place, neither any of man-
kind, nor any of the Jan, (J-«-^ oJj
Encore, ^Ui^ Jamdn^ [^aA aydan. See
Again.
Encounter (hattle), *^•^;>- Aiir5; (acci-
dental meeting), iflil« fndldk&t,ijj\0a^
mwddafat', (ci»aal inddeat), ijLjy
Encounter (oomhat), ^-i;l^- hdrab ; (to
meet face to face), uJjl^ 9ddaf\ (to
(^^x)8e), i^U^ khdlaf, ij^j\^ ^rad.
Encourage, «• (animate), jmsp^ jassar,
i*\j^ i<^^ ''t*** J(»rat To enco\irage
an insurrection, jLJ!! cJ^ harrak
alfiudd, [^harrak.
Encouraged (stimulated), cJjS^ mu-
Encouragement, {jjjja^tahrfkf ^joijs^
tahrid,
Encourager, 8. ^j^^ muharrik.
Encroach, v. ,Jlc ^Jju ta^adda^ ^la^,
JjUaJ tatdwal.
Encroachment, J^Usj tatdwul,
Encumher, v, ^Jji^ htmnud.
Encumhered, e yj^^ momnfl^.
Encumbrance (impediment), ^^ man^,
(j0;5u ^^tirmi; (burden), 4j^4^ huml\
(debt), <jo/ A«rrf, ^^u> dayn.
End (conclusion), ^£>^ I oitA^ (pl.^^^l
awdJihir); Sji\c ^dkthai, iAL ghdx^at
(pi. CD\Ak ghaydt)\ (of a book),
i^\:^hhdtmat\ (aim, intention), Ju^i
Ami?, 4>|^ mi«rd<?; (an event), Py
END
(628)
END
iffuku^; (death), J^l ajal, UL^y
mawt; (abolition), JUajf ibtsl. The
«nd of the world, j^t«jJl (j«5/*^' •»-
h'rdd asaamdn. To the end of time,
^Ulll ji-T ^}\ th* ahkar asmmdn,
^UjJt lfj\ ^\ Ha' mtihd mtsMmdn.
The end of a eentence or period, L.dr^
makatt. The end of a verse, XJlS
kdfiyaU The end of a speech or letter,
a)L^1 (*^^^^ J^Afi^Sm a/ haldm. Brought
to an end, . ^ j"*;^ muntahl. In the
end, ^^ \j:>^ 1 4ii&A^ a/ amr. To no end
li?^ hatilan.
End, t;. (bring to an end), *^ ^amitiam ;
(come to an end), ^^^\ tntaha^ ; (to
pat to death), J:J katal. And when
they had ended, they came forth, and each
of them put on her dress of feathers,
Endamage, 9. S^'LubS^I uf^ ^auntt'o^^^
"kha^drat.
Endanger, i;. y^)o\^ hkdtar fl.
Endear, t;. \jS. ^a«uns.
Endeavour, tX^ yaA<?, J^ jad^ J^^^
djtihdd, ^<«»*} «a^I, /♦U^iib^ iJUimdm,
' •• •
<«fjul\ ikddm, A great endeavour,
aIJ ^Uubl ihtimdm tdm. With every
endeavour, ^UiJbl J^ it^/ ihtimdm,
(J;^^«^ _juj J^ hikol ia^ jamlL
Endeavour, v, tX>-jadd, ^^Ami «a^a'. Now
it happened, in accordance with confirmed
destiny and determined fate, that the Queen
was in lore with the Prince Alassad, and she
wrote him a letter, endeavouring to conciliate
hia affection, Lia!^^ aj^\j^\j J^l)
u-^ iS Vi^:-*^^ Jjurfll <U«^ jjl fH>s^\
Ended, aUj ^amam, ^^es^i^ mutammam,
muntahl. The book is ended,
(finis), lJ^\ Ji tamd iitdh
Endive, bjoJb hindihd.
Endless (not terminated), ^^^fj^^^i
ghayrmuntah% ^\:s^j^ ghvfrw^-
•• •
naAf ; (infinite in time), aj^ J ^yyoii
••• *
Endlessly, Ujlj<^y«Mii, Ab3l^|»jb<2df
Endlessness, ^|^ J dawdm, j\ja::^\ ui»-
rdfy JjI abd, £> Jjf ahad^ai.
Endorse, v. J(^ ra^om, <^^^ ^^ ^^
* aharah ^M al pcluoM,
Endorsement, %, ^j rahamf —ji^ ihark
Endow, V. (with a portion), j4sj-/iW«,
v_o*j wakaf. Endowment (portion),
j^ mahr. Endowments (for pious
uses), lJ\3^\ awUf, ci']^ iV^
f^^'-w*- hammdU Endowment (qoal*
ity), u^j vHuf (pL h-iL»j^ avia/;i
Of fine endowments, uJl^l ^^...9^^*^
JlLm*^^- %d\i3b ntoadfjamllaL And tken
existeth not in the sea nor on the land anyone
more graceful or more sweet in natural endov-
ments ihan she. For she has beant}r and loie-
liness, and handsome stature and just form,
and red cheeks and bright fDrehead, and teedi
like jewels, and large black eyes, and bet^T
hips and a slender waist, and a loTely ceunUn-
anoe, uiUl^^ ^ hj^^ v/ "^^ ^'
^^^-.M^s-cjUif s iif^ jsui jj^n^
h * ^ ^'l^^ *Jf^^
*
* J--^*^ ^;!^ ^^®° she said within
herself, By Allah ! the person endowed wiA
this beauty and loveliness deserreih not to di^
of thirst, ^1 iM\ lf-*A3 ^ cJU ^
Ilk: c:;^. J
'ENQ
(62»)
ENG
Endae, r. (witb mental excellence), w-^^j
Endurance, \h lakd, t\fA2^\ utimrdr
(snfferance, patience), ^^ #«&r, ^U?
Endore, r. (bear, suffer),^;^ «a5ar, Ja£^
tahammai; (to last, remain), j^c>^\
ittamar. I will endure with patience, 0 my
lord, what thoa ha^l ordered. I will be pa-
tient, if by doing so I may obtain thy blessing!
They have tyrannized over ns, and oppressed
Bs, and acted nnjustly towards ns. Mayest
thon, in thy loying-kindness, forgive our past
transgressions ! ^<-fif ^ ^^^-^^ ^ |^^
Snemy, «. ^«Xe ^adaio (fern. i^J^ ^«i0-
tro/, pL \ss\ a^dd). A pradent enemy
is better than a foolish friend, JjUjAa
JjbUj* fji^a ^^ji^^ ^adavf ^dkil
akhir min iodlkjahH.
Energetic, (^y kawl, j^^^ shahim.
Energy, iji^J kudrat, iy Hwat, i^\^
shahdmat. [j^tt^f'
Enervate, v. (enerve, enfeeble), (^in^
Enforce, v, j^ jdbar \ (to invigorate),
^t^ hiwwa\
Enforcement. See Compulsion.
Enfranchise, v. (manumit), ^^Jiif*- ihaL"
ku, jU^I atlak. See Liberate.
Enfranchisement, JlU?^ iildk.
Engage, v. (fight), i^j\^ hdroB; (to
employ another in business), ^^^ ^oy-
yan. To engage (contract to do any-
thing), )ffjJ^ J^4£ ^amal short To
engage (be security for a debt), JiO
iakaffal; (impawn, stake), ^j rahan.
Engagement (conflict), f^j»- harb, J\:J
hitdl. An engagement (to pay debt),
ii\i^ ia/dhi* Engagement or contract,
]bjJL short, Afc ^hd, JJLe. ^oM. En-
gagementof theattention,^^\ JUi^t
ishtighal aljikr. Think not that I hare for-
gotten yonr sacred engagements towards me,
notwithstanding the length of your alienation.
0 my lord, be kind and propitious towards
me ! Perhaps I may kiss yonr beautiful and
charming mouth and cheeks. I take God to
witness that I will never relinquish yoo,
though you riiould transgress the ooun^ of
j\ \ t^i
love ! * A,^y^ (j:^
Engaged, JytMu« mash^huL See Em*
picked.
Engender, v. (beget), jJ^ wdsd.
Engine, s. (for raising water from rivers,
eto.), c^ll^J dikidh. An engine for
throwing stones, etc., J^jaI^l^ tnan-
janlk. Warlike engines (in general),
L^ja^\ <'^t\ (ddt al ha/rh. An engine
(device), ^ fovm, ^-^)^•^ daldhy Ju^
koyd\ (an agent for another), ^J^^
fookiL
Engineer, •• (director of artillery), i<=f\j^
tul^t, (^«X^ muhandis; (a director
of buildings or works), jUa« mu^dr,
(juu Jaf« muhondis,
English, jJJljf angllt. An Englishman,
^j^\ anglHX. The English Esf^
India Company, Jc^^l Lj\^^ kompd-
niyat al hind,
Englut, r. (swallow), ^\i hala^.
Engorge, v. ^^\ ibtalo^ See Swallow^
Devour, Gorge.
Engrain, s. (dye deep and dcurable), j
(j^\s, sahogh ghdm%k»
Engrapple, r »(engrasp). See Grapple, etc.
Engrave, v. ^JUso nakash,Ji^ hofar. I
ISSJ
(630)
ENO
ffiimmoiied a writer, «id erdered him to write
these venes and admomttoiis and lessens, and
caused them to he engraved npon these 4aor8
and tables aad tombs, UJl^ CL?«d»-f
J*^'^ cl^^'j ^V*' *«^ ^
EngraYing, «. ^JIm nakih. [M&l,
Engross, v. (attention), JUI Ja^ shaghdl
Enhance, r. (a price), ^*y^\ «3|j %&d as-
Baman ; (to raise ki esteem), jLclc]!! jtj
z^(^ tt^ f^^A^r ; Jij 9(Mal. See also
Aggrayaite.
Enhancement (angmentatioD of yalae),
JuJill io\ij niyddat al kimat\ (aggra-
vation), JUlbj saUat,
Enigma, ^-J^j ranu,yi lughst.
£nigmatioal,j^^ imirmtZs, i^y*j mmsl.
In an enigmatical sense, enigmatically,
ytji hiramtin.
Enjoin, v, y\ Mmar, *C>- ^£ai».
Enjoy, v^ (lire in happiness), a«:J fontf^-
^m. To enjoj the possession or
property of anything, i.J^ tMsarraff
y-r*^J iamoHa^ To eiijoy the posses-
sion oif wealth, m^\ ightanam. To
enjoy the company of a mistress cr in-
timate friend, ^yLx/% l)^|^ iodsal »ni^-
shukaho, ^ L5^ -^^ ^'i^** "^^^ ^
blamed myself for having undertaken * this
Toya?e, amr I had heen nposing at ease in
my aoode and my country, in ample happiness,
and enjoying good food and good dnnk and
good apparel, j^\ As, ^<MiJ kz^^
^^- Then he placed before them
the food, and when they had eaten to satis-
faction, they broueht them the sweetmeats,
' they sweetened their mouths; then the
deaei^ ooasistuig of fresh md dried findti;
and they enjoyed both of them, a Ji w
Enjoyment, uJ^ iatarrmf, m totf^-
^um, ^s<4J tamattu^.
Enkindle, «• See Kindle, Excite, Boose.
Enlarge, v. wiij^ waua^; (to amplify),
^Kli ^ ^b ^a^o^A ;£/ i»2a». To
enlarge eloquently, f^i^\ J^ (m«»'.
of kaldm. To enlarge or set at libertj,
^^/L>^ khMu. [Increased.
Enlarged. See Extended, Expanded,
Enlargement, ^a^^y taw^^ *^\.*^j^ ^
ydd ; (magnifying representationl
XdLe mubahffhat, LjyJ tafiii. See
Exaggeration. (Eelease from eonfioe-
ment), i\afr nijdtj ^h^ hhdSM*
Enlighten, «. jy nawwar.
Enlightened, j^ fftuntfin^ar.
Enlink, t^. See Chain, Biad.
Enliven, v, (giv« life), ^^a^ ^Ays*.
Enlist, r.^ jjb jIS Juiyysd M daftir.
Enmity, if^t J^ cMddioai, d^ya£>- ttw-
nmt, li^Ks^ nmkhdla/at To sboir
enmity, l^yas^\j^\4aharallhu»imti'
Ennoble, r. uJ^ sharrsf.
Ennobled, Ci-J^^^^ tnusharraf. To be en-
ennobled, uJ^mJ Uuharrqf.
Enormity (depravity),^ Jul shiddai,i^^
AA«Ai^ Ji?^ dt^i^ sanb ^mslm ws uin
jaslm.
Enormous, Jj J^ ih^dldf j^jL «A«rrif ;
(excessive), j^ kahir.
Enormously, sJJ^^ hi shidddiin.
Enough, adv. ^j^ij bos; 9* ^l^ i&p-
It is enough, ^U^ ia/dyat.
ENS
(631)
ENT
Enrage, v^a. i^ ^.n'r giaddab. To be
enraged, l^liil ightd%. And when the
King heard the words of Saleh, he was tIo-
lently enraged; his reason almost departed,
and his aonl almost quitted his body,
Enraged, i^iynr ghaduhf ijUiac ghadbdn.
And they law him sitting upon the throne of
his kingdom, heedless of these people, and
violently enraged against Saleh ; and they saw
his servants and his yoong men and his guards
unprepared for fighting, ^JlcuJIsj- »j \ji
jj Jul yb^ '3lyb ^ iiU ^zHa^ ^J
^UUj 4U^JcL \^\j^ ^U Ji£ la-jj^\
Enrich, V. ^J>^\ aghna\ For Thou art
not to be questioned regarding that which
Thou dost, and Thou art able to do whatM>-
ever Thou wilt. Extolled be Thy perfection I
Thou enrichest whom Thou wilt, and whom
Thou wilt Thou imp)Teri8hest Thou magni-
fiest whom Thou wilt, and whom Thou wilt
Thou abasest, Jaaj Ufi jLJi C^\^
Enriched, ^*^ muffhtanim.
Enrol, p. jSijJl; Ju5 kayyad hd da/tar.
To enrol a cause in a j udge's book, Jusr*
tajfal.
Enrolment,^ J daftar^ j-jsi^ tatfll.
Ens, ^*^ kayin. See Being, Existence.
Ensign, s. Jic ^alam (pi. j*SW a^ldtn),
h\j r&yat (pi, iJD\j\j rdydt), ^
hayrak.
Enslave, v. Juic^^ ista^lad.
Enslaved, Jljcum^ mmta^bad»
Ensue, v. wJ ^o^'^, (>a>- Aasala, ^
natqja, ^U «dra. See Follow, Succeed.
JSow I d^ire of thy goodness that thou come
and salute my fiunily, and see them, that
they may see thee, and that pleasure and
mutual friendship may ensue between both of
you, aLJj vj U ^\ CiiLii ^ •XjjU
Ensure, v. ^Jl^\^ J^ yj^e] a^ ^ahd
toa amdn.
Entangle, I?. i^fo/,^t>^*A«retot: ^^7
sister, know that I have remembered a damsel,
of the Damsels of the Sea, suitable for thy son ;
but I fear to mention her, lest thy son should
be awake, and his heart should be entangled
^-^1
ir, ^i\ ^^^^kUI .
^^3 ^^ V^^ J^ ^^^^ ^'
Entanglement, icJ^ kharda^t, iaS^
khalt; (perplexity, pozzle), t-^J^l
idtirdb.
Enter, v. Jsi- J dakhal. To cause or force
to enter, ji^ J dakhkM. To enter by
force, ^»jss^ hqfam. To enter into con-
ference or consultation, IjijUlJ toAd-
ward. To enter into partnershipjl^luJ
tMhdrakQ,. To enter into an agreement,
\jjJbliu ta^hadn. To enter into a
treaty of peace, ^1 ^ Jifi ^ladHi ndh.
And he laid hold upon the porter's hand, say-
ing to him, Enter, and speak with my master,
for he caUs for thee. And the porter would
have refused to enter with the page, but he
could not, JUj JUje)\ JJ ^ ^jA^
fjij Ji. He thereupon gave orders
for the entry of the troops, who accordingly
entered ; ana they loaded the camels with part
of those riches and minerals, j^\ ^^
Eirr
(632)
ENV
Entered, Jf^b ddkhtl. Entered in a
book or roll, ^rj*^^^^ mvndarif, Jua^
mukayyad.
Entertain, v. (receiye hospitably), u^Lp
j3\m^\ ddf al muidfir ; (to talk with),
^^ Jjuf takaUam tna^.
Entertainer, «. (host), XiLiiJl c»'^>"l^
«d^i3 aJ diydfat.
Entertainment, <. ^Uj diydftU. A place
of entertainment (as an. inn, etc.), j\j
^L.dJI ddr al diydfat^ clr^ fnamui/.
Entertainment (amasement), ^ lahu,
ijj lisMoi, )a^ ha%.
Enthusiasm (inspiration), a\^\ ffhdm,
^^^j wahl ; (vain belief of divine in-
spiration), iJ^j^f^^^, Jl'V *^^^^ •t"
iikdd hdtil hU hdmin rahhdnl ; (ecstacy ),
Enthusiast, $. (visionary), (>^scx^ mti-
iakhayyil ; (a man of a warm temper).
Entice, v, ij^\ a^hica\
Enticement, \^\ iyhtvd, L^sp^jazb.
Enticing, adf. l^c\^ jd%%b.
Enticingly, XjjI>- Jij hikol jd%b%yat,
\yeS J^ hxkol ighwd. [tdm.
Entire, (J.^1^ kdmxl^ /Xaj tamdm, a\j
Entirely, t«Uj iamdman, aU^U hitta-
mdm.
Entireness, (Ji^^C takmll.
Entitle, 1^. (give right or claim), Aa£.
U jt Uy^cfc-ltf ^maiaho sdhih id^d.
Entity, ^jjI^ kdyin.
En toil, f^. if Jlm^U c^Cm^ tneteh bUmat-
yadat. See Ensnare, Entangle.
Entomb, v, (bury), ^J da/an.
Entrails, ^jl«d^ matdrin. See Bowels,
Intestines.
Entrance, J^ «x« madkM, J^ J JttMil/;
(commenoement), ^^j^ 9lmr^^ \,ysj\
ibiidd.
Entrap, v. See Ensnare, Involve.
Entreat, v. i^y Urajjfi^ ^j$»j^ iUamu,
We pnyedto Ood, and entreated Him ; but
the wind did not cease blowing witli tlie
Seatert Tiolence, nor the waTea agitating, till
ybreak ; then the wind ceased, the sea be-
came calm, and afterwards the ann aroae,
^J..^\ i^^ji.\. And when I had
finished my tale, I said, I entreat thee by God,
0 my master, that thou be not displeased with
me. I haTe acquainted thee with &e truth of
my case, and of what has happened to me, and
1 desire of thee that thon inform me who thon
art, and what is the cause of thy staying in
this chamber, . jul^ .«»^ cs^^rJ Uii
U
\
Entreaty, ^.J^ ^0/0^, l^\ tZ^t/d, \>'j
rajd^ ^j^ tadurru^ ^\az1\ Mums,
Entry, J^J iui^Aa/, J^Ji« madihal;
(a passage to a house), c-^li &a6.
Envelope, r. ^J u^ ^/Z^-
Envelope (the envelope or cover of a
letter, etc.), uJii ghUdf,
m
Envenom, v, (poison), ma^ tammam*
Enviable, jM^s^yuhaad, lAo.^^^^gg.ii^
mtutahik al kasad. [ Ju^l»- hdnd.
Envied, Jmmat* mahsUd. An envier.
Envious, J^AM^. hasiid, JuiW> hdsid.
Enviously, Jum»- ^J^ &tib/ hatad. I
have repented on account of our disunion witii
a repentance that made the tears to^ overflow
from my eyelids ; and I rowed, that if fortune
should reunite us, I would ncTer again men-
tion a new separation ! And I would say to
the enviers, Die ye with rmet ! By Hearen,
I have now attamed the object of my denx«
and wish ! Joy has oyerwheimed me to sach
SPH
(633)
EQXr
a degree, that by its excess it has made me
weep. 0 eye, how has weeping become thy
habit ! thou weepest io joy as well as in sorrow !
*^ijM^ ly^ jL*^ J j3lj • JLJlj
Environ, r. \>\^\ ahdt.
Enyirons, «. ^j^ly nawdhh
Enamerate, «. J^ ^d, c,.^mi>» ^omS.
And he said to her, I know not one more of
the daughters of the Kings of the Sea. I
hare enumerated to thee more than a hundred
damsels ; yet not one of them pleases thee,
^ SJc»^\j ^jc\ c:^ U l^ JUJ
Enameration, \0a9A ihsd, j\jju ia^ddd,
(^Lm^ hisah, Jlc ^. [tion.
EQunoiation. See Declaration, Informa-
EnunciatiTe, ^J^fl] lafzu
Envoy, «. i^f^^ *^^^^ (J-^j wa^J.
Envy, V, Jum>- ^w<i^. To envj one
another, IjJujla^ tahdiodu. Men are
prone to extol the ancients, and to find fault
with the modems without occasion of blame ;
the only reason for this being, that they enry
the living, and incline to prefer mere moulder-
ing bones, * ^Oi!\ ^IjO^b ^/mU\ wiy
Envy, Juu». hasad, ij^ ghlrat.
Ephemerifl (jonmal, almanac), ^^j^j
roandma, w^ tatwlm, a^^UJ takdwUm.
Ephesns (city), {jiiy*^\ afiiU*
Epioedinm (funeral oration or poem),
i^j^ mandt (pi. ^^f mardA).
Epicure, f. d>\)^. haytrdnU [rioos.
Epicurean, (JUai hatndnl.* See Lozu-
Epicurism. See Luxury.
Epidemical, epidemic, i^J<^ <Ar!, i^*^>^^
mu^. An epidemical distemper, 'bj
waba, [hoik.
Epigram, 9. ^dJ 2[^^yt^ ahi^r akhiraho
Epigrammatic, ,^-*yj hadhl. An epigram*
matist, «.! ji^Ui »hd^ hadddh.
Epigraph, ^lyx ^ant^an. See Inscription.
Epilepsy, «. & ^^ «fr^.
Epileptic, ^^/^^ nuurU^,
Epilogue, <. ^Ul IhdtimaU
Epiphany, «. (jmUsjiII Ju£ ^d al ghitdi.
Episcopacy, iJJlJ^ ukafiyat
Episcopal, ,<aL«i\ Mifl,
Epistle, i^fS^ tnaktahf XJLy risdlat.
Epistolary, ,J^^; rasdyill. Epistolary
correspondence, Lj\i^ tnakdtabat.
Epitaph, »,j^ dj\s^ kitdhat kahr, [^tri.
Epithalamium, <. ^M^da^S/t tnadlhat
Epithet, ^Juff aifat, i^Juc^ teas/ {"ph t^Lul
awsdf), kjL'^fu na^, S-^ lakab (pi.
Distinguished by an
muttasif.
mukhiatar, j\^iac:^\
muntahhah.
\ ikhtasar.
m
mukhtiuir, >-v«
[tatodrfkh).
Epoch, epocha, ^l? tdrikh (pi. i^j^y
Equal (resembling, capable of compari*
son), v/^^M/* muidwl, c^L«x^ mutsdwi ;
(uniform), j;jU3^mtt^&il^; (impartial),
{joJi\ ^^ J^Ad/i a/ gharad ; (in-
different as to choice),^;<^s^ mukhayyar.
U!1 afta3).
epithet.
Epitome, ».
ikhiisdr,
Epitomise, v.
Epitomiser, «.
mHjit.
EQir
(634)
ERA.
Equal, t. (of flie same age, rank, etc.),
^^Jsiarin. Without an equal, Jll^lb
hild tnu&h Above tlie heads of his
equals, yJ^JlVi ^j^j ^Jx ^M rlU al
dkrdn.
Equal, V. (make equal), ^^ i&wa' ;
(to be 0r become equal), t/^^ toidwa*.
To equal or compensate fully, ^l^
id/a\ i^j^jd*a\ To equal, equ^ize
(make equal), ^J jle ^ddal.
Equality, S^^Lm^ muidwdt, ^^^J taiWi'
yat ; (of the same dignity, age, etc.),
^A^IL^ mutdhakatf lsj\yt mvwdfakat.
Equally, \y^\ ,Jl£ ^aU^ anavoiyai^ ^Xc
\^ ^M sawd.
Equanimity,^^ idbr*
Equation, S\jL*^mitfdt0tf^. See Equality.
Equator, §. \jxJi\ LsL khaU al Utitod.
Equatorial, \fmJi\ ]a^\ L^yu*:^ mamiib
li ihaU al ittiwd.
Equerry, ^^^^^1 amir akhnr.
Equestrian (belonging to horsemanship),
^u^;^ hhayydll \ (mounted on horse-
back), 4--^f^« rdhib.
Equilateral, ^Jfi\ ^f,***^ mwtavol ail
adld^, ^^i\t^^\MiS^mutasdwl aladld^
Equilibrate, Jj^ ^addal.
Equilibrium, equilibration, Jj «3du ta^M,
JljCi^i i^ttddl, ilJ^M^ mu^dalat,
^j^y muwdManatm
Equinoctial or equinox, s, ^JJJl Jl JclcI
jlfJ\^ i^tiddl al III wal nahdr* The
equinoctial line, ilfJij JJJ\ Jt jcl£\L£>^
hhatt i^iddl al hi teal nahdr. The
yemal equinox, ij^J^ J1jcx)l\ al
i^iddl arrahl^l. The autumnal equi-
nox, ^Joj^\ JljOfiHt al i^tiddl al
kharlfl.
Equip, r. -S^ haddar,j^ jahha». To
equip or arm, J^ ioMak, To equip a
fleeti %„^.^j^j^ jahhm mmrdUh.
Equipage (train, retinue), ^^j rikdh^
Jm^- haAam, ^J taha^
Equipage^ <• (carnage), iJjS- ^mrdha.
Equipment, \Hj\Si taddruk.
Equipoise, equiponderanoe, ZSjUc* sw-
^ddalat. See Equilibrium.
Equipollence, JfjCL^HI i»y kawaiali^
ddl, XJjIim1\ ij^ kudratalnm^dislai.
Equitable, JjU ^oM, ^.^a.;^ ■hmji/.
Equitably, ZJIjju hi ^addlat, i^\y^\i
bU Mwab. So if thoa assent to that which I
hare asked of thee, tiion wilt, O King of ths
Age, hare pat the thing in its proper place ;
and if then behare with pride towaras va, the*
treatest na not equitably, nor pnnmeai with as
the right way, Lt ^\ i^^^jy-] ^^li
Equity, ll\jx> ^addJat, J J^ ^atU, i^La;^
insdf.
Equivalence. See Equipollence.
Equivalent, J jW« mu^dU, (^^L«^ sw-
8dwl. An equivalent, ^^ ^awai.
To give an equivalent, ^jo^ ^aw»ad.
Equivocal, ^^^ muhham, ^J^m mugJdak.
Equivocally, A^^ jb^^ hiw^hmmubham.
Equivocation, equivocalness, ^L^m «Ub,
ii\^zJ^\ uhtihdh.
Equivocate, v. c J^ Ishada^
Era, ^j\j tdrlkh. See Epoch.
Eradicate, v. ^ kala^f f^ naata^
Eradicated, e 9^ tnamn^ fj^'^^ fltim-
iaMa^,J^\s>jM^mu9tdeal,cJLL*maklu^.
Eradication, JL^^ImjI iitUdl,
'Erase, v.\jSt* maha\
ESC
(635)
ESS
Ernsei, ^^ nmnhU
Eraaementi ysr* mahlL. ^jjj i mdird».
Ere, JJ iM. See Before, Sooner. Ere
long, i-^y ^^ ^tm kmih.
Ereeti v, c,.^^) fUMol.
Erecty ^U kdlm, (^yy.»a,\ ^ msnHth,
k-'^.rr,;^ mmtUuH. So he stood erect
npon his two feet, and said to Joharak, 0
utmost object of deare, who art thou, and who
brought thee unto this place ? ^^,'^.rr.^ U
Llib ij^ys Jli^ ^^^«^ 15^ ^^
Erection, i,»>.«^) ntuh, ^j r^f^.
EremeticaL See Solitary.
Eremite, 8. ^L» taytA. See Hermit.
Ermine, «. (.^IsCUs Hnjdk,
Erode, v. See Corrode, etc.
Err, 9. (make mistakes), laLs ghelet, J)j
Errant, erratic, JU c^fl^ ^Ij ddye^
Erroneons, Uii ghalaU
Erroneonsly, ^i^x,ghtdaUny Sy^Mhwtm.
Error, lali ghaUt, ^ iokA, ILfL J^AnM.
Erst. See Pint, Once, Formerly, Before,
TilL [otM.
Erudition, Jl^ ^m, JtAju to^ftm, l^J\
Eruption (hostile excursion}, fr^j^
Erysipelas, yk>- ham^, IjA^ hmmraU
See St. Anthony's fire.
Escape, j\^ firtLr, l\af m^'ai.
Escape, f^. aj^\ inioMm, ji farr. To
escape (or be exempted), ^Jua Mfem.
And now it will descend with yon into the
sea, and yon will all be drowned ; then seek
for yonrselves escape and salvation before de-
struction, Jj Jj-iiJ u:^i^\ IjJb ^^
i\^\ \^\i \L^ uy>=^r^' J^
CJI14\ JJ Smiii ^jciJ\j. Ood has
decreed a new life for thee, for no one erer
arrived at this place before thee and escaped
from it ; bnt praise be to God for thy safety !
ja, ^Vj ^ u^^ ^^ ^^
Eschew, V. See Aroid, Fly, Shun.
Escutcheon, t.Ltip^mldmatf ^Uj nish&n.
Escort, 9.jkA ghafar. See CouToy. To
escort, ]ai\>- hdfu. Then he prepared
the provisions for the jonmey, and the escort
to escort her ; and going in to his daughter at
night, commanded her to set forth on the
journey, ^^AmJJ ll»Aji\j J^jJl 'Ob ^
j^l U^l^ JJH ^ ^t Jx Jr;. J,
Escritoire, s. iTm^u) bashUtkhtam
Especial, ^yas>^ khuu^l. See Princi-
pal, Chief, SpeciaL
Especially, Lgj «n <. hhrntiUany ^<-L&
Espouse, V. (wed), ^•p tmawwt^*
Espy, 9. (see at a distance), ^^ammoT
iajassMs. [mtahan*
Essay, «. (to make an experiment), ^j^^v^ *
Essay, «. J^jad, 6>^ jML, JuoS iaidi
(experiment), ^^jof iafrih^tt, ^Wut
imtihdn ; (of metals), jLe ^fydr ;
(treatise), XJL^ roidlat.
Essence, iZj\j wOt, J^^ jtwdkar^ ^jju
nafs ; (of a composition), ^is^ khu-
Idmtf ijjj wMat. The essence of any
business or thing, j^)ll ^jM naft al amr.
Essence (perfume), Joa ^tr. The
essence or attar of roses, Cfj^\JcLS. ^ter
alward. To essence, yLc ^atiar.
Essential, ^1j %dtl, \^/^j>' jawharlf
^XAmsh; (necessary), kJj^j^ i^rurf.
Essentially, cl^ljJb IntaAU
Essoine or essoign (legal excnse),j1«x;Lcl
^ji^ i^iwBir tiar^.
EST
(636)
ETE
Establish, r. (settle firmlj), ^^jL< makkan,
jji horror, c-^wsi noBohy ^^ ^yyan.
To establish peace, /^\ Jlac ^aikad
autUh,
Established,^yL« fnukarrar,(^ya:>^ man-
tub, jJbc^ mun^akid, Jyju§ tna^kod.
Establishment, ^IJ kiy&m, luJt tfM^,
^^.^J tartib, d^lJ iobat; (form,
model), ^J^\J h&nun^ ^Jjjb iarik;
(foundation), yu^\j tdtU.
Estate (state, the public) ,ji^f>«^ /dm Afir;
(condition of life), Jl>- hdl; (fortune,
possession), JU mdl (pi. ^}\y\ tmi-
w&T). A hereditary estate, C^|^:^«
m\r&9. A landed estate, jUr ^har
(pi. d^fjUf ^aHr&t). Estate (rank,
quality), ^LJ^ martabat, ^LKi^ m0ii-
sa/iff^, 4^9*^0 darajat, <ti^j u^asf/a^.
Esteem, v. (prize, rate h]gh),j£ ^,j\s^\
i^tabar, m^ karram, fj:*^^^ ihtaram.
Esteem, jUi^xl i^tbdr, lA&j ri^yat,
^1^1 ihtirdm, f^Sj takrlm.
Estimable, esteemed, Jjjc casfs, i^*^.'>"litf
At3 ^^iTiy^^oA^ mu^tdbar. [haasab.
Estimate, v. ^»yt^ khamtnan, \^nm'>-
Estimate, estimation (computation),
^j^^Aos^iakhmin^^^iM^' hiadb; (value),
^UyJ klnuU. Estimation (opinion), ^
ta^tn; (regard, honour), j\^\ i^tbdr.
And they laid to her, Thou knowest the high
place which thou hast in our estimation, and
art acquainted with our affection for thee,
and thou art assured that thou art the dearest
of all persons to us, and art certain that we
desire for thee comfort without trouhle or toil,
Estimated, L^ymss^ mahnLb, 43^«Xc^
Estimator, «. v_ ntl*^ mvh&tib.
Estrange, v. (keep at a distance), JLiu
Estrangement, hjL yhurbah. Thus has
God decreed upon my forehead, with respeetto
my estrangement and my disjunctioii from my
country and my family and my usten ; there-
fore I must endure with becoming patience
what my lord has decreed, aJ1»- MfJ
♦ ^j ulioJ t« i^* Persona before
me haTe bemoaned the pain of separation; tix
living and dead hare heen terrified by estrange-
ment; but an instance of feelings like those in
my bosom I haTe never heard of nor beheld,
ui^l^Sj c::^oM«JI (Jli^^cjLp. And
he said. If fortune clothe thee* in the garb of
destitution, put on the garments of departure
and travel abroad. And I replied unto him*
By Heaven! I cannot endure travelling and
goin^ abroad ; besides, the proverb sayv. Hie
burying-place is preferable to estrangement,
Etc., et cetera, »j^^ waghayraho ^^^
CS^i waghayr suUik, iJ^^^ wdl ftdii,
Jl abbrer. of }ijiiA Jl Ua' akkriki.
Eternal, t^^\ abadi, Jjy muwabh&d,
j^\j ddyim, ^^ Jl^^ tarmadf ^U hdtl,
mAj kdym; (without beginning), ^^^.
Life eternal, X) JjSI IL^I al haydt al
abadiyat. Praise be to God the Creator of
man. He is the Lord of Lorda^ and the
Cause of Causes. In the Name of God» the
E7erlasting,theEtemftl, jlli> aU j^4^1
EVA
(637)
EYE
Eternallyy \jj\ abadan, ^*iji\ Jj\ adtf<^
al abidin, UjIj ddyman.
Eternity, ^JJ^ ahaiiyat\ (without begin-
niog), ZJjt €ual*ffat; (without end), sA
ahd, liSf\ dbadiyat. To all eternity,
jSi\ ^\ da* lahad. From all eternity, .
^^ji\ ^ min al audi. He tamed back
in flight, seeking safety, and knew not whither
to go. Bat the destinies fixed from all eternity
drove him to that island upon which was
Joharah, jU^ Ult 2flsaUj bjU _Jy
Eternize, v, or eterqalize, JJi Mad.
Ether, \^ hawd,^\ Cjli fdlak ulaAr.
Ethereal, i^jUm) samdwl, i^^^ hawdy.
Etymology, X«lj3f (J.^! cw^ al kalimai,
jU:l11 iihiikdk.
Etymological, ^X^^ ash,
Eyacnate, v, iJfarrayh, Toevacoate
(by a purgative), ^j^\ ^J^ jAt tala^
M alkhdrif; (by y omit), iJc^\i9ta'
fragh.
Eyacoation, ^/^ tafriyh, ^^>i^ iakhli'
yat Eyacoation (by yomit), il^i^Mil
istifrdgh. [Deceiye.
Eyade, v. See Elude, Escape, Ayoid,
Eyangelical, ^X^sfr] infill. An eyange-
liftt, ^Xi^^ infill. The Eyangelists
(gospel), J^\ lJ^ kitdh ul injil.
Eyangelism (the publication of the gos-
pel), Jt^H^ ij\J^^ hiihdrat ul injil.
Evanescent, evanid, vJli/Snl, J^jj wd-il.
Eyanish, v. ^^^ ghumlf (^U ghdb. See
Yanish.
Evaporate, v. Jj^^ iasa^^.
Evaporation, jla^ hukhdr, Xjloj tas^d.
Evasion (excuse), ^Ijcxl i^indr; (arti^
fice), IL^ hllat.
Eacharist, «. (jmJ^I c'V^^ ^ kurhdn
al mukaddas.
Euclid, ^^JuJil. Eaolid's Elements,
Eve, even. See Evening.
Eve (proper name), \j>' hawwd,
Even (level), ^^^L*!^ muisdwl, 4Jj1m^
mwtatoli (placid, eventempered),^L»
sdkin; (alike), J jU^ mu^il^ ^\JL^
muihdhih.
Even, adv. Ua^l aydan, ^^,^ hatta*.
Evening, Imm« masd, <LJLc ^hiyai (pi,
cijIJLc ^hiydt). In the evening,
eventide, L*^l *^^j <^^^ ^ nuud.
Evenly (equally), JIjcxIj hi i^tiddl
UjIUa.^ mtutawiyan.
Evenness, \f^\ istiwd; (impartiality),
Juljtf ^iddlat, (^Ldjl tipi«q/*.
Event, «. (incident), jUjI •Y^i/'di^ (pi.
C^UUJI ittifdkdi), iMj\^ wdki^ai
^jI>> hdditat, ^j^ ^drid; (conse-
quence), ^L ^kibat^ ^^?^ natljaU
Eventful, ^ mtiAtin, ci-^lSUjlIf ^^
^^jcll min al ittifdkdt al gharlbat.
Eventual, ci^^ itti/dkl, ^J^ ^ridl.
Eyentually,''\jU;^ itti/dkan, j\ij'i\ ^y^
biwqfh al ittifdk.
Ever, for ever (at all times), aUSI ^1 J
ddytm al ayydm, Uji J ddyman.
Evergreen, JU _>- Any ^dlam.
Everla8ting,4^Jjl abadl,^]j\ a%ah, jJIaL
khdlid, mAj ddyim, ,^jy^ sarmadl.
Everlastingly, UjIj ddyman, tjjl oia-
dan. See Eternally,
Ever-living, CJ^i ^^ hay Id yamHi.
EVI
(638)
EXJl
Every, J^ loL Every one, S»^\^ JS^
kol 'tcdhid. Every time, ls^j J$ kol
waM. On every part, in everj part,
v_^l^ ^yLi hikolj&nxb. Every honr,
is^La f^Jcol ia^aL Every year, L^ ^J^
Itol sanat. Every man, Jf>-y J^ kol
rqfidm Every woman, if |^t J$ kol am-
root. He put eveiy enemy to the
Bword, >|I^ \jji\ Jsj katal al ^idd kol-
lahum. And then he said, Pniaed be the
Creator of this surprising oonntenanoe. He is
the Creator of eTOiything, and He is Almighty,
Evict (dispossesa legally), 9 huJ^ '^■^fJ^
Evidence (testimoDy), ij\^ skakddat;
(apparency, manifestation), jl^l tsAdr,
^Ij baydu, ^Lc laydn, ^Lab 1 f idA ;
(a witness), JJ^Ll shdhid. To give
evidence, J^ thehed.
Evidence, r. (give testimony), j^ she-
hed; (%}iow),j^\ asthar.
Evident, ^U? sdAtV, ^\^ teddih, ^j^
sat^h, ^jii^ mubayyan, ^2 IayihfjSb\j
hdhtr. An evident reason (proof or
demonstration), ^U»^ hayyinai (pi.
CL>UJj hayyindt). To make evident,
^^1 asAnr.
Evidently, tybll^sdAtran, U^LijWi^Atfn.
Evil, 0<^'. v/J; roil, J^li /cl«ti, JI9U
^iU, \^^ lA^* ''^^'^ tayyth.
Evil, «.^ «Aarr. An evil (misfortune),
t) bald, Ljb\j ddhiyat, JLs'^ muhnat ;
(a disease), ^jo^ marad. The king's
evil, ^^ji yarakdn, i^\j»fi sardjah.
And follow not a course of etil, for the sages
have prohibited it ; and there is no evil more
manifest than my being in this pit, drinking
the suffocating pains of death, and looking
upon destruction, ^hen thou art able to deliver
me from misery, ^\i jLiJl ^ „:,jjj
d^jJl fjc^ ^js^ iyL^\ tlOj ^
Evince, «. l::^! mM« See Prove, Show.
Eulogy, ^J^ nuulh* See EncomimD,
* Eannch,^^>ag>^lAfl<f(pL^;U»<aj^ ittwfydn),
Evolve, V, CSifah,
Euphorbiom (a gam), ^^y^^ fwrf§y%A.
Euphrates, c:^1/l! alfordi.
European, t<asr^t ajrtaijl.
Euxine (sea), i}yJ\ja^^ bahr dl MwmL
Ewe, «. iL4Jx yhanamai.
Ewer, «. JJJ^' iBrlife.
Exact (just, true, accurate), ^^a=^ m^A,
Exact, 9. c-Ji? fo/aS, a^J hmam. To
exact a debt, ^ J ^JJ? ^«2(id <2ayfi.
Exacted,,<iitfbi^ muktadi,L^^ia^maUMb,
Exacter, i. (^li ^ittf. The ezacter
of souls (the angel of death), ^^li
r^^J^^ Ad^tJ al arwdh.
Exaction, LilL^ mutdlabat, c^Jit isUb,
lJJl^ toilA/ (pi. cjUlO' foioil/).
Extraordinary or oppressive exactions,
iJcr (.jlJlO tdkdtif ^tmfiyatt u^lO
Liy: (0itdft/ ^fiyat. \bikd dikkU.
Exactly, ii^ jLt bikol mhhai, iJ^ JG
Exactness, <ls*^ iahhai.
Exaggerate, v. Joe ^oaom, ^b idJlsf A.
Exaggeration, ^jij ta/r^i, iii\^ Mtf5d*
Exalt, r. Jie ^mDBOfli, fi^/akhkkam, «J^
Exalted, 9 ^y« fnaf:/%Z^, ^aj^ Mtir^^.
uJ^^^ muiharraf. Exalted in dig-
nity, jjill ^Ic ^aft a/ Jbefr, ^U
EXO
(639)
EXC
Exaltation, f^j^ irtifd^ hoj raf^^
EzameOy examinatioii, ^Jlt^cJu taftUht
yjo^ fahsy ^ja^\ ifiihaSf ^J\^^\
imtihdnf C^U^f Mihds, jUscLsl
istikhbdr.
Examine, v. ^^dzs^/ahas, .^icLiI Utakkhar*
To examine by interrogation, m^sc^\
iBtafham.
Examined, ^ys^ tnafhus, ^J*cJl^ mu'
fatUuhf fjAs^ muhakkak, ^j^ wu-
jarrdb.
Examiner, examinator, «. (jMiU/t mufat-
Example, «. Jt^ matal (pi. ^dl/tl amsi'
lot), iir^ naskhai (pi. ^ nmakh\
ij^ sural, f^\ Oil ; (applied to pun-
ishment), ij^ ^'hrattan; (a person
proposed as a model), ijj3 kadwat.
To be punished as an example, ^^aAaj
^^UU iji^ takdsas ^tbratan lil nds.
For example, it^ tmualan. If thou
do not what I hare commanded thee forthwith,
I will bum thee with my fire, and dart at thee
my deetntctiTe sparks, and scatter thee torn in
pieces over the deserts, makin^^ thee an ex-
ample to the stationary and to the passer-by,
^j[^ fclCU ts-^-v, t/jb CJz3^\
Exasperate, v.)a\L\ aghdz, i^^r\ aghdah.
Exasperation, ^/^^ tahwUh,
Excavate, v. (to make hollow), uJ^
jawwafyji^^ hafar.
Excavation, jUi>»\ iUifdr^ 1>^ hafar,
uJiyyr iaft^f.
Exceed, 9. (go bejond bounds), JJ^r
Exceeding; jMrt. )bjL% mufirit. An ex-
ceeding, J^l2si« mutf^&wit.
Exceeding, exceedingly, adv. \^ iUuf -
ran, \*xp^jiddan. Exceedingly noxious,
jjA\^ kofUr addarar. I drew near
to it, and walked ronnd it, bat found no door
to it ; and 1 fonnd that I had no strength nor
actiTity to climb it, on aooonnt of its exceeding
smoothness, l^^ ^--^J^ W* C^y Ji
Excel, V. Sj^ jJlc jli fak ^M ghaifraho.
Excellence, excellency, ^J^fadl, ^^-nf
fadllat (pi. JjUi fadayil), Ju^
kamdl. His Excellency the Pasha,
\J^U\ ic\sui Baudot d Pd$ha.
Excellent, Jjli fadil, uJj^ sharif,
c^ii.;^ munlf. And she said, Excel-
lent is the opinion that thon hast formed.
Then they were silent ; and they passed that
night. In the heart of the King Sedr was a
flame of fire, kindled by his lore and passion
for the Qneen Joharah, before even making
her acquaintance, f^\J\ mm l::JLLj
CS^ \j\jy \s^ U^t J * Ssj\j ^^jJI
,U1
^J'
clOJl
\^yu ULS HjJt^y^r S^\ Jj^ ^
ExceUently, J^ Jii hikolfadl, JUG
<CJ^1 hikamdl al martabaL Words
excellently arranged, /^^ikiji\jb\j aK
kaldm b&hir ai irUizdm,
Except, V. ^^^^txa\ utasna\ ,
Except, excepting, 4^^ 9%wa\j^ S^a^fTf
\ Jlc ^ada, 1 J^U ma ^add, LlU. hashd.
Excepted, ^W^u^^ muatama*, t Jl^U md
^add»
Exception, \:>ts>^\ tstisnd. Without ex-
ception, Ui:u>l 1) hUd istisnd.
Exceptionable, Ll;^!!! jL^ mumkin al
Utund.
Excess (superfluity), if jbj %iy&datflil\^
EXC
(640)
EXC
tnuhdlaghat, Ly farat, LLi^ ifrat, i^
kasrat; (intemperance), J\jcx!tl a<\c
^adam alt^ttddl; (violence of passion),
i^^»nr ghadah. They then drew near
to him, unbonnd him, and kissed his feet,
whereupon he opened his eyes, and, recogniz-
ing the Wezeer of his father, fell down in a
swoon through the excess of his joy, ^
dJL>-^j <b JJ ^Afia ^Uj l)^^ \yt^
^y if jJ* ^ ^ulf
Excessive, Jj^^ ^'^f^^^^* Jksf J^Lsr*
mujdwiz alhaddf\9jLt mufrit. Excessive
love, <Us^1 l^l^l ifrat al tnuhahhat.
Excessively, JkjJl ^Jy/awk al hadd, Jf^
if jUSl fawh al ^ddat And that day
was excessiyely hot ; so he was very wearied
by the load, and perspired profusely, the heat
violently oppressing him, CXJi ^^l^
Exchange, v.Jsj hadal, J Jui«j1 istahdal.
I have sent back thy ring which I took in ex-
change when we were together ; then send me
mine, id Ju::L^t ^i\\ uX^Jlf^ l:lJL»j\
Exchange, ^jL« muhddalat, J Jj &<M?aJ,
Jj Ju7 iahdllf ijo^ ^wad. Exchange
or difference of money, jJ farL An
exchange (where merchantsmeet), jUb
hd%dr» A bill or letter of exchange,
ilssaLj safiajat, U\y^ hawdlatf ^y
politxa.
Exchanged, Jj«V* rndbduh
Exchanger, 8, (J(i>U^ mtf5aJ»7; (a money
changer), (-Jl^ wrrfi/. [malek.
Exchequer, *. u-XUil ijrL khasmat al
Excise, *^ rMW, l,oJ/j ^aj[;/l/l
Excite, r. ul^ harrak, ^jb hayyqf,
fjo^ harrad. To excite a tamnlt or
disturbance, iiill ^j raau^ alJUnai.
They excited love in my heart, and departed ;
and far distant hath their abode beeome!
Rrason forsook me when they withdrew, and
sleep and patience abandoned me, \yM\
CT*!?
Jj« ^«|Im»
I am
\
Excitement, ^jo^js^ tahrid,
tahrik.
Exclaim, r. ».l^ sdh, i^JcJb hataf,
Exclaimer, t. c^'U hditf, fj^ odrikk.
Exclude, V. fj^ f>j>^ haram min, ^^
mana^ djo tarad.
Excluded, (^^jS^ maArilm.
Exclusion, ^>^ f»an^. [««.
Exclusive, exclusively, ^jo^cLSf* mtciUM^
Excommunicate, i^. ^j>^ haram.
Excommunication, fj-^^ harm. See
Anathema.
Excoriate, JLj kashshar.
Excoriation, jj^LSj takshlr, ^ talkkf
*f^ Bolakh, \kaikir.
Excoriated, ^ jLu/s matliikhyjiiJi:^^ «ia»-
Excrement (dung), (juuhsT naj€i9.
Excrescence, «. f^j^ waram.
Excruciate, v» c^«3^ ^mah.
Exculpate, v, ^ ^Jlc ^afa' ^on, ^Lj
sdmah.
Excursion (for pleasure), ^j J dawrm. A
hostile excursion, ^^U ghdra (pl«
iJL^ljU ghdrdt). To make a hostile
excursion, ^Jx^li ghdra ^ala\
Excusable, j^^^^f^ ma^sflr, iJjJ\ ^ 'tS
ttaujib al if^izar. And when her sisters hemid
her words, they wept by reason of the yiolenot
of their aorrow for him, and said to her, Veriiy
EXE
(641)
jncv
he IB excuaable, LfJ^^l ^ 4»i UJui
Ezctue, 8. j'dJR fUtr, jVs:s.\ i^vtdr,
ijjjL^ tna^iorat. A friTolons or weak
excuse, ^jLj ta^Uid. By way of ex-
cnse, jLclt (jl)^, h% tarik al ta^aUul.
Worthy of excuse, jtX«^ tnu^r.
Excuse, v, jjx, ^omt, ^ ^^ $afah ^an.
Be kind enongli to exciue me ; I have wearied
thee to no purposOi JaJ ^jju^i^\yi
Excused, j^Jut^ffui^sar.
Excoser, «. (maker of apologies), j«3cji^
mu^tojur; (a pardoner of offences),
^U« muidmih.
Execrable, ifjj^ mahmh, ^^ ibrf A.
Execrate, v. ^^ la^an.
Execration, j(1^^cu«sl utikrdh, Lji la^nat.
Execute, v, (perform), maj tammam. To
execute a criminal, JiS hatdl.
Execution (performance), J^f ^amo/,
t^l t}V(S. To put in execution, i^j>'\
ajr^. To put the laws into execution,
^jjp\ ^jpA ijra al hah. The execution
of a criminal, c^ Ju«Jl Jii hatl al
tnianih.
Executioner, s. Jis^ jaUdd,
Executive, ^L^ ^mail. The executive
power, ^l^L>-11 jii/« tnan/ad al ahkdm.
Executor, J^U ^mil. The executor
of commands, i*lC>>il si:^ munaffid al
ahkdm. The executor of a last will,
^Ltfjlt Jlc Ji^^ fvakll ^ala* al wasiyaU
Exemplar, $. J^l <m/, i^A^ tMskhat
Exemplarily, i^ ^thratan, j^sju ^^^
H wafhin yuctabar.
Exemplarinesa. See Piety, Probity.
Exemplary, 5j^^ibratan,ij^\i^,^^^yt
tnujib al ^ibrat. [Illustration.
Exemplification. See Copy, Transcript,
Exemplify, v. (illustrate by example),
jL« moBtal, Jb^l ^j^ darab awudl,
Jll/«1 Jj^\ awrad amsdh
Exempt, V. ^Jlc-\ a^a\
Exempt, exempted, ^j^ uJIa^ mu^f
fnin, ^ Sj^ munaxukh ^an. To be
exempted from public burdens, uJU.^
4JyJ \ («^ 1^1 ^/* mu-^fmin attakaltf
al ^urjlyat. And with all that he is a king,
and the son of* a king, one of the most yir-
tuous, and exempt from all vices, ^^j
Jj^ J^\ ^ ^LxJl . Please to pay
attention to my narration, which isyerystrani^e,
and which will at the same time proToae smiles,
and move to tears. I am a man whose yirtnes
are exempt from any defect, and ahout whose
glory and merit there is no doubt,
S " ' -
\
Exemption, »\i\fu$ mu^d/dt.
Exequies. See Obsequies, Faneral rites.
Exercise, JL^CL^f iiti^tndl, Ja^ shugMf
Xjb J riyddat, Xi^U^^ mumdrMat, j^Smj
ta^hm ; (work, labour, exertion), ^^as.
^mal, ijc^ san^t, _«mi ta^l ; (re-
creation), <9^jij tafarruf. Literary
exercise, mAmj ia^lim, {j*»jd dan, A
place for gymnastic exercises, ^i^^
mlddn (pi. ^^V* fMty^dln).
Exercise, v. J«4jCm»I ista^tnal. To exer-
cise authority, S^^ hakam, laLwJ to-
saUat. To exercise in military art or
manoeuvres, jjiju Jax> ^amal ia^m*
To exercise oneself in anything, ^/m;U
41
(642)
EXO
wUiroi. To exercise or take exercise
(on foot), ^JS^ tamaihth/ef .
Exert, V. (endeavour), «Xf^|^ *i5j- jad
icdjtahad, ^A*^ M^a'.
Exertion, ^x^ M^f, *X^jahd, Jo^jaidy
t}\f^\ ijtihad.
Exhalation, exhalement, j^a^ hakhdr.
The exhalation from waterbogs, etc.,
U! \ j\:kr hahh&r al md. Ihukhdr.
Exhale, v.j\ss:r ix^ OJ9 tali^ minnaho
Exhaust, V, L^j^ iuraff jJu\ an/ad.
Exhausted, ^l^ khdH; (poor, penniless),
^jAsL^ mu/lii.^ [kaddam.
Exhibit, v.j^\ azhar, ^J^ ^arad^ ^Ji
Exhibition, J^\ ts^dr, ^j^ iakdln^
Exhilarate, 9. ^^^\ ^tahqf, jmJ\ amarm
Exhilaration, ^ jS farah, JJsH hahjat.
E^ort, r. ^ nahhah, u£j K^a^as, ,^*^
na$ah, Tbou dost exhort men to virtne, and
Set tbou dost violate her sanctuary; ^thou
ost prohibit iniquity, and yet thou ' dost
abstain not therefrom; thon dost denounce
oppression, and then thou dost commit it;
tnou fearest the world, though God claims all
thy fear, i\A^ t' f '"j *^-^V y*^
Exhortation, <L^i^ iUM!^a^, ^"^ luuh,
tat (pi. Ixcl^ mawd^).
Exigence, exigency, i;j/^ darHrat, ^ W.
Aq/d^, -p.L^;;l^\ ihtiydjf Jls:)\ LdJiJl
tiUfid 0/ Ad/7. The exigency of the
occasion, time and place, J^^^l \^aGi\
^t«p\^ Layi^^ iktidd al mahall ical
furmt fcazsutmdn. On account of the
exigency of the affair, \,aaji\
IaUI^^UHj^^
knob ul Middf -.Ic^St^ Jii hQeMdm- ul
Miydj.
Exile, _aJ nafi.
Exile, «. ^<A2^ manfa\
Exile, 9. _AJ fio/a', J^ iarad.
Exiled, ( ^a:^ nuin/t.
Existence, *^^^ wujud. And he said.
Verily I am a longing lorer, whom pasBon and
separation have consumed ; and when I beeiBc
severed from my beloved, I lost my reaaon,
and became unoonidotts of my existeiiee.
lJ^\ Ui-5;li ^j^^ j|/J»^ fj^'
Existent, existing, *^^y mawjud^ ^i
hay in. Not existing, i^^yj^ 9^V
mawjad. Self-existent, or necessarily-
existing (one of the attributea of Omni-
potence), J^y ^ (^..^l^ wdjihal wttfud.
Exit. See Departure, Eecess.
Exodus. ^tijs}\jiL^ 8tfr al khuriif.
Exonerate... J^l Jji naualalhml,
^jjt <0^ tahriyat atxummat.
Exorbitance, exorbitancy, ^ ^^js\
JlsI al Jchuruj can al hadd.
Exorbitant (enormous in size), ^ ttJ^
Saff\ khdrf ^ al hadd.
Exorbitantly, Jus)\ cT -rj^^P^ **
naw^in hhdrj ^a» al had.
Exorcise, r. ^Jlc aIc ^(sssam ^ots*.
Exerciser, exorcist, «• ^iu,b'".ui'< m«f ^tfjbim.
Exorcism, ^iyu ia^lm.
Exordium, i^-K^j^ dihdjat, £«ja^ m«-
A^aiffltoina^. And I was seeking, from toy earli-
est outflowings till my latest retumings, in
eveiT direction for a generous man, to whom I
might, by a well-invented preface or ezordiiim,
expose my great want, ^j\m^ \^*hj^^
^J si^^JJ S^W ^^^ 4"^
EXP
(643)
EXP
Exotic, f^jr^^ tf^M, t-^^ gharih.
Expand, v. (open, spread), J^^mad LmJ
Expanded, )oy»t^^ fnabiUf ^^yu^ ma-
Expanse, expansion, kw hatt, jlja»«l
tnUiddd, The eiqyanse or space between
beayen and earth, ^ jaw.
Expansibilitj, IxmJI ^UL«1 imkan al hatt
Expansible, LmJ\ ^JL^^ mumkin al hati,
Expaosire, jcuj ywmtad.
Expatiate . -^1 J^ iawwal al eharh.
To expatiate npon, J^ foMol,
Expect, 9.Jaoj\ intatar, l^-^ tarakkah,
«jy tawakka^, Juy taroMod. With
your permiflsioii, I would go to mj mother ; for
I ha^e been with voa a number of days, and the
hearts of my family are troubled respecting me,
and they are expecting me, UC) jl ^
Expectant, expecter, jVi'W ^ muntaxir,
«WJi/« mutroBiid, c^^^J^ mutarakhih.
Expectation, expectancy, jUiiil intitdrf
XfiJ tarasiud. Without expectation,
i\^\ cl9*^ ^ti^tin intvtdr.
Expected, iku^' muntazar.
Expedience, expediency, ^j^^ durHrat,
Li L! layaJcat^ a^\^ lu%um,L^^^ ivujuh,
L^\:^ mundsahat.
Expedient, ^J layik, /^Ji Idtim, w*f»-1j
wdjib, c» ^>.)li/< mundstb. It is not ex*
pedient, ^ij^ ghayr l&yik. An ex-
pedient,^ Jj tadhlr^ -^ifi ^ftey, 2[^l^
«Adra. To be expedient, jJ toil,
u^^^j trofV^, uy^ii^U nd«ad.
Expediently, Uj)2dyi09i, L5»-fjf^4/^<>^»
Expedite, v. J^ ^^tf^f f/^^ Mra^;
(to despatch), J««^^ arutl.
Expedition (haste), is.j^ mr^, oAjsr-
^^alat, J^ ta^l, Jls5^\ uii^'&l;
(a joomey), jiu» m/ar. A warlike ex-
pedition, ^i^ 9itfar; (against infidels),
j\4>- Jihad. A general expedition of
the nobles, /*^;:^i^ na/ir ^m. To go
on an expedition, ^AaJI ^Jlc i^ ^a»am
^la* auafar.
Expeditions (expedite), ^^ys^^'^l.
Expeditiously, expeditely, JLs*^\ JG
hikoli9t%^'dl,ils^\ jJx ^ai»' al^ajalat.
Expel, ». ^ Jd0/a&, J; ra<?, ^^^ akhrqf.
Expend, ir. ^r^^ kharaj, i^j^ saraf J jj
5asa/^ fjju\ anfak. To expend to the
utmost of one's abilities, 2Ft>^ Jij
haaal jahdaho^ To expend profusely,
(.jilj ^/o/l ;^^^ MTtf/l And if I see
her to be suitable to him, I will demand her in
marriage of her father, though I expend upon
her all that my hand poasesses. Acquaint me
therefore with her, and fear not aught, for my
son is asleep, l£"..U<. <jJ J^^ \fj\j iJli
Ji\j Lff^iiy And I brought back a load
upon my head, and sold it for half a piece of
gold, part of which I expended in food, laying
by the remainder, Jlc J-*^ '^■^^-^^
ma
Expended, uJ^^y^o^ matr^f.
Expense, ^^;fi^ i^ai^'y ««j»;«0 sarf; (price),
Expensive (extravagant), i^jt^u^ tnuirif.
Expensively, uJiJ Jiu ^"iib^ ^a(/*.
Expensiveness (costliness), ^^;>> £^Af/;
(extravagance), uJlj fo(A
EXP
(644)
EXP
Experience, l)jsf^ tajnbatf ^^l^Uil imr
tihdiu ij^^ ihthrat
Experience, p. a. ^->/r jarrab, ^^y^^\
imtahan. And were it not for the fact of thy
having brought me up (reared me), I would
lay violent hands upon thee this moment!
God has afflicted me by this merchant ; and
all that I have experienced irom him was done
on thy account, and by thy instrumentality,
Ji^^yi lilJ ddJ\ Jib Jij LI^^l
Experienced (skilfal by practice), iJjU
j^^ khablr.
Experiment, «. joW-«1 mtihdn, ij^
khihrat, A^jseT tajribaL To make an
experiment, ^j^^^ tmtahan.
Experimental (belonging to experiment),
<Jlssx^l mtihdni.
Experimentally, ij^ JL) hikol khtbrat,
^l^L«3ll i^p^y hi wqjh id imtih&n.
Expert, ^^--^^^ailr,^U moAtr.
Expertly, ij^ Jilj hikol khihrat,
Expertness, ij\^2JL ihatdrat, uJj^>aJ
tasarruf,
'Ex^iahle, jSJu yuffh/oTf ^jsijf/ufda\
Expiate, v.jSJc^\ iitaghfar.
Expiation, ^ J dayyat, ij\ii hafirat.
Expiatory, ^^^lijc^l istighfarl.
Expiration (conclusion of any limited
time), StXfijSl ^\aj tamam al wa^dat.
Ifi3\ intiha\ (the last breath), (Js^Xl
aldjl; (respiration), ^/Mj tanaffijut.
Expire (breathe the last), ^ jmS^ S-^
iallam arrawh \ (to breathe out), \j**i:J
tanaffas; (to conclude, to be ended),
^^a^\ inkada\
Explain, v. jjj*3 fiusoTf ^jJ^ aharah.
And his son replied, 0 my father, thou art
certainly right in what thou hast said, but thou
hast sewn up instead of onxaveUing the matter ;
explain, then, by what means I may eatiks'
a vintage (of gain), and whence tbe aesred
supply may be obtained, duji ^ ^JUJ
•■ ^ • •
Explained, ^jiy^ nuuhrnh, yu*SL
fiu9ar. In the manner explained,
^•JUjt J^>^^ ^^ ffumiodi al ««-
ihruh. It cannot be explained,
j^f^\^jLi>^j^ ghayr mwnkin alia^r,
yuizJi IdyutafMBar, Clearly explained,
Ij.rgT ta/silan, Jj^fi3l ^Xc ^mia
oUafAl.
Explanation, ^Li hkydn^ ^jL skark
(pi. ^^jJ^ ahur1th),ji^ Ufoir^j^
ta^hir. Explanation of dreams, ^^
\ljj\ ta^r al rHyd, CL^ULJI^
tafslr al mandmdt. [15^^^ idtnU.
Explanatory, explicative, g^***Aj taftiri.
Expletive, v, (superfluous word), sAj ^
kalam ndyid.
Explicable, explainable, .j^mP-.M ^^^^a^
mumkin atta/ar, ^j^^ (Jf^ kdbH
(uhsharh.
Explication. See Explanation.
Explicit, y>llfir %ahir, ^j^ 9aHh, ^|^
wadih.
Explicitly, \j>>^%Shiran, \a^j^ $arfham,
Ju^'o ha tafsll [karh.
Exploit, 9, L^j£e\i i^a*Ji\ auatwai hH
Explore, r. ^jttM^sertajanai^
Explored. See Examined. [TriaL
Explorement, exploration. See Seard^
Explorer, explorator. See Examiner,
Explosion, f . AjLajf toi&dum.
Export, 1;. Vr^^^ *^V^ J' J V J^
nakal amwdl ila* al hHHd al kkurjiyat^
(645)
IBXQ,
Exportation, jJLJl ^1 Jt^Jt ^jJ^\
^Lmi^XI HhrdJ (U amtffdl Ua' ai hilddal
Expose (lay open), j^\ a%har, ^js.
jMrod, To expose to the sun, ^juaJa
shamnuu. To expose to danger, ^ja^
Jair ^twad lU hhatar. To expose
oneself to danger, 4ing„u^l^ khatar
hinafiiho. To expose one's life in the
service of Ood, jdil (LtSs ^L>- /»J^
kaddam haydtdhi U khidmat allah. To
expose to infamy (to revile), /^fadah*
iExposed, fjo^jjf^^ ma^d, ^^jJL^^
nuuihrHh. Exposed to the son, ^^^^«JLu«x^
mfUMhammM.
Expontion (explanation), ^Ul»- Midi/at,
Ju} haydn, j^ ta^lr, ^Li»\ Iddh,
^jJ^ 9harh, jIjSj tahrir, ^joy^ ^ard.
Expositor, «. 9-j^ ihdrihfjLiu* mufa»9ir.
Expostulate, ^^Jj^ taahakJIui, ^^^^^
iihtaka.
Expostulation, \yzJ da^d, f^^t^da^a',
c^jJ nhd^, icj\i^ mundni^tr uJlbe^t
ikhtildf, iAiJ^ ikikayatj lyLl shakwd,
^^\s^ ^tdb, ^U/t mu^Uhah. I
wiBhed for 1117 beloTed; bat when I beheld
him I was confoanded, and poasessed neither
tongae nor eye. I hung down my head in
honour and reverence, and would hare hidden
what I felt, but it would not be concealed.^ I
had prepared a volume of expostulation,
but when* we met I uttered not a word I
Expostulator, «• ^S^iJL^ musJUakl, ^j^
mundzi^ [ifshd.
Exposure (disblosure), j\^\ iihdrt \mJ\
Expound, j*ui fuMr. See Explain^
Interpret.
Express^ v, (by language, etcOi ^ lafoi,
^jJ^ ikarah, ^^ hayyan, *5j rakam,
(^jL^ waiaf\ (to Bqueeze),yidf ^atar.
Express (dear, plain), yhU^ wdhWj ^^j^^
mubayym ; (for a particular purpose),
^ah hikoidin.
Express, «. (messenger), ^c^Li *d^.
Expressed (pronounced), l^yL* nuUfat,
Expressible (that may be uttered),. laiL
ytdfim; (that may be squeezed out).
Expression (by language etc.), iaUj ta-
laffiM, lai! lajk, XIaa! lajkat; (squeezing),
ji^ofu ta^r. The expression and sig-
nification, iJ^i^^ 1^ ^fa wa ma^\
Expressive, ^iiiJ ^fi'^i (descriptive).
Expressively, Uoil lafium.
Expressiveness, >»KI1 ify kuwat al kaldm,
ciitfjll if^ kitwal alwasf^ uJl*^! t<t«a/.
Expressly, la^^ «aH^n.
Expulsion, ^)/>^^ ikhrdj^ jjd tard, Jj
ritdf ^^^ ^^y*
Expulsive, ^f<^ <^/f^. The expulsive
power, ^jJl iiy kuwat addaf^.
Expunge, r. cl^ hak, ^^j^ maha'.
Exquisite, t— flgU 2ti^{/,^^^iMi3na/1«^ t^<^
^0^^. Of exquisite beauty, %JJJ
JUbSsI &<Mft^ qjjamdL The most ex-
quisite part of anything, Ui^ khuld"
sai, il^Uj nakdtpat. Exquisite things,
^jmj\su nafdyea. And after that there
blew upon him the odour of delicious, ex-
quisite- viands, of different kinds, and of de-
licious winesy ^lJl^ ^j:^^ Ci3 J Jjuj
Jj!i\ ^--^ ^^ LJj l^\ lsr\j
y^^\ ^-l^/J\J is^^\
EXT
(646)
EXT
Exquisitely, ^j>*Jo q yj hmaw^na/U,
""UU. Jchdliion.
ExqaisiteneaSy kJjo na/dsat, £»IU hMjkt.
Extant (remaining, not annihilated),
^\j hdkl. Projecting, JjU hdriu
Extempore, extemporal, extemporally,
eztemporaneooB, extemporary, j^^«V
hadihi. An extempore speech, ^\^^
tktirdh.
Extend, r. J^ iawwai, »x^ ifi«i, LuJ
basat. ToeatendthelimitBor territory,
Extended, extensive, JjJw4^ fmrnd^d.
Extender, 9. JjU madid.
Extendible, extensible, Jcj«j yumiad.
Extensibility, extMmiblenee6;jljc^!l\ ii^
kuwat al imtiddd*
Extension, extensiveness, extent, J^
HI, ijua i^at, jtjLiL^l imtiddd. Ko
one Ib able to prerail i^^nst him, on account
of the abandance of his troops, the extent of
his dominions, and the greatness of his wealth,
3^Lȣ ij^ ^ 4X^1 ^lJx jJ^^ ti
Extenuate, 1?. (attenuate, make thin, lean,
or small), i^iA:^ khaffaf, d— a^ naMiaf,
fjij rakkakf (to palliate), ^yc ^autr.
Extenuated^ <— a^oT nahif, ciyitJ i/a^f/l
Extenuation, <L3^ rikkat, i^on^ ^ffi
(palliation), j«j^ ^tar, JUJ ia^aUtd.
Exterior, yblb %dhir, ^j\^ khdrij. The
exterior part, i^lkJl ijyiai\ Msurai
audhirat.
Exterminate, v. f^\:L^\ utdeal, «Jai
kata^f ^ii kala^.
Extermination, JLx^l istUdl, «Ji kal^.
Exterminator, «. J^lxk^^ muttdiU.
Eztemal,y)ll9 idMr, ^jU^ i^ldry. See
Exterior, Outward.
Externally, ljj|^«ura<«ii, V^U^adAirwi.
Extinct, ftSXt^ iMHi^tfittn, ^^^^^ m«(/I,
_«k:^ muntafl^ m\il\^ fmmlati^.
Extinction, extinguishment, UW^ i^.
Extinguish, ^ iafa\ To extinguiah
(annihilate), ^c^^ maA^*, a«X£ ^mdam,
Eztinguishable, ^^^la:^ yuntafl.
Extinguished, ^^aIs^ mui/%, ^aVr;,^ «■»-
Extinguisher, ^Jio^ muifU
Extirpate, r. ^3 kala^, ^}^\s^\ d»idaaL
Extirpated, J^^buk^ muitdioif fy^^
making.
Extirpating, ^U kdU^,
Extirpation, JLxo^f M^f«d/, ^Li U^.
Extirpator, f. ^IS jfcd/i^.
Extol, c. Xik^- hamad, -. J^ inodM. To
extol immoderately, ^JcJI ^ «Jb
to%A yt; moJA. To extol oneeelf,
^^ J ^iX« fnadah wdtuko. To extol one
ano^r, I^jUJ iamddahn.
Extolled, ^^«>««^ mamdnhj
Buff i^y^js^ mahmadt j^LiL^ maM%r»
Extoller, $, -. JL« mddih, .1jl« maiidk^
i^^JiA^ wditf.
Extort, r. ^ stJin. To extort by torture.
^j ranuf Uhtdl^amdh.
Extorted, (^^^ nuaUUm,
Extortion, ^ wi/lm. Oppressive extor-
tions, ifMx. uJJlC takdllf ^unfysi.
Extortioner, extorter, «• JII0 talim, /• J^
so/ilm, _ib id^^hi.
Ajji\iz
EXIT
(647)
EYE
Extract, r. ^ja^\ uiakhraj; (select),
^,^.Js^\ intakhab, j\s^\ tkktdr.
Extract, s. ^jo^^s^ taUMi^joaJs^ muhk'
tasar. [mutalakhkhaa.
Extracted, -.. ^aCUu^ muitakhraj, f^^osr^^
Extraotioii (lineage), J^^l aal, JmmJ nail,
w>*«i«*^ na$ab, ^j**:^ jim.
Extractor, «• ^^^^ mulakhkhis.
Eztrajadidal, ^yuJ! l, ^j.!y t^tH'C JUt-
^^ for^I^ aahsharl^L
Extramundane, l<«J^^ (<«^ <^y wahmh
Extraneons, U;.'^^ ghwrih*
Extraordinary, .jU n£(?iir, ^ tJ^
i^jUII Jth&rij ^n al ^dai, j\sju9j^
ghayr mu^idd, c-.-^ ^^1^, fc-^^
gharib.
Extraordinarily, extraordinary, ^^ ^
\^^»^ hinaw^n ^afih. [kardmat.
Extraordinariness, ijiAj nddiratf i^]^
Extravagance, extravagantnesB (super-
fluous expense), uJUmiI isrdf.
Extravagant (in expense), j«X^ muh%fr,
uJ^M^ mttsrif'f (irregular), c— f^*-^
isA^\ khUdfal kd^dat.
Extravagantly (expensively), ^.filjjij
hikol talaf.
Extreme (last), jsS^J dkhir, ^^a3\ ak$a* ;
(greatest), Ja^l a^iiam, jS\ akbar ;
(highest), ^Ixl a^\ [^hadd.
Extreme, extremity, iAe. ghdyat, «x»>
Extremely, iAs, ghdgat, SAkj hi ghdyaU
Extricate, i^. ^jLyu^l J,». hal al mashkah
Extrinsic, (^^U? zdhirl, i^j^ ^aradi.
Extrinsically, b^^ 9;^kratw^, j^U? sd-
hWan.
Exuherance, i^ kasraU
Exuberant ^v.Cmm^ «»iM^^nl,
fdyid^jJt^ katlr.
Exult, «. Jl^; to^^
Exultation, «-.lf^^ ibtxhdj, Is^ hahjat,
Jiff ^^{/. With exultation, J^
^Ifjl 5fibo7 (btihdf.
Exulting, adf, j^y*^ mairUr, ^^
muhtahij. Exulting foe, c^^w^L^.
There remaineth not but a flitting breatii,
and an eye whose pupil it inanimate. There
remaineth not a joint of any of his limbs but
in it is a constant disease. His tears are
flowing, and his bowels burning ; and yet he
is silent. His enemies weep for him out of
compassion. Alas, for him whom the elulting
JUj
i(J
foe pitieth ! * L:u*iU ^j*^
f s a
^U^J^L^IS ^^^jJW J.«aA^^Lie1
Exultingly,*^lfj\ Jij hikol M%hdj,jL
J3J^
hikol snriLr,
Eye, fjt^ lagn (pi. ^^ ^gikn) ; (or
sight),y.^ haMT. A wink, glance, or
signal with the eye, lus. ghamtat.
In the twinkling of an eye, djja ^
^jiji\ ft tarfat al ^yin. As far as the
eye can reach,y<dJ\ j^^ji kadar mad
al haior. To look attentively or amor-
ously through half-shut eyes, ]a^
^j*fi\ 4— i^ lahaz hitaraf al ^in.
Squint-eyed, J^^ ahtpal (fem. X^
hawld.) One-eyed, jy£\ a-^ar (fern*
\j^ ^wrd). An eye for an eye (re-
taliation), ^j^ J Jj ^J^ ^yin hadal
^in. The comer of the eye, ^J^
fj*fi\ tarafal cayin. The star called
the Bull's Eye or Aldabaran, ^j]ji'^\
addabaran. And when he lay down, he
turned up his eyes towards the tree, and they
met those of Joharah ; so he looked at her.
attd saw her to be like the moon wh«n it
FAC
(648)
FAC
Bhineth, iys^\ js^ Xj^ «J; Ssj Uli
y 1^ ijjbyp^ ^^ ^^ Ai-£ cr-^y
Eye, 9. ^IL ^a//a^.
Eyeball or pupil, i. ^^^ly^ &ili3il a/
^^1 ^^f »n«d» a/ ^aytn.
Eyebrow, (.^^^^rU^ hdjib. The hair of
the eyebrow, c-^JJb Au^.
Eyeless, ^^.4x1 a^ma'. See Blind.
Eyelid, ». ^J^ jafn (pi. ^Usj-^ «t^a»).
Eyesight, ^^^ ^^ nosra^ ^aytn.
Eyewitness, «• jJbLl «^At<^ (pi. J^
F.
Fable, «• <U=3 AwaA, ^l^ hikdyat, Ji/t
ffio^a/. Fables, Jl2^\ am#d/.
Fable, v. s:d\jJ^ ij>- haka* hakdyat.
Fabled (celebrated in fable), ^^ lJ^^^
iZi\M^ mMa' ^annaho hahayat,
i^yay fnawsOf,
Fabler, fabulist, i. (JS^^ hakdw&th
Fabricate, v, (construct), y4k£ ^ammar.
Fabrication (constructing) ,^«i<4ffJ ta^lr,
Fabric, 8. l:j hind, ^jU^e ^tmdrat.
Fabulous, ^^^^ wahml. [ya/.
Fabulously," C^UlGelt Jj^ tnttl id hikd-
Face, «. i^^ wajhfjoj tuuar. The face
of the earth, ijoJi\ ^j wajh al ard.
To change the face (change counten-
ance), ^^ talatcwan. To turn the
face, ^^^^ j^J ddr wajhaho. Having
the face of an angel, cJ)US\ ^^ J^
mul fffofh al maldk. Face to face,
(opposite), iJjU^ mukdM. The &oe
or page of a book, ^Ju^f^ tahlfai. Eve
has not eeen any one like thee, nor in the
Gardens of immortalitj is another like tfaec
Then if thou wiahest my torment, it will proeeed
from lore's laws ; and if thon wilt pardon, thoa
hast the choice to do so. 0, ornament of tbe
world, and utmost ohiect of desire, who can
keep from enjoying ue heanty of thy £ue^
>i, « \j^\ cXi^ V
^b
U^3
AJ\
yU,
4^
U^\
J CS^y Then there came to
them a crier, after they were buried, saying.
Where are the thrones, the crowns, And the
apparel P Where are the faces which were Tdkd
and curtained, and on which, for their hcwtty.
proverbs were composed ? ^J^ e*^'^
Jull^ jLJl i^jAi l^^*3 ^
Face, V, (meet face to face), Jjli kdhal;
(to oppose with boldness), ijoj^ ^rad.
Face-painter, t,jya^ mtuawwir.
Facetious, uJJaS latlf, f^jJ^\ 'i_^^^
latlfal mashrab, c^Jl? sorf/l
Facetiously, i^-iJal ^9f^, hinauf^ UH/.
Facetionsness, ijlU latdfat.
Facilitate, v, Jfi» $ahhaL To focilitate
«f mm
the means, ^^ yatior, ^^ ^ayyan,
LjLj^I ^jAJb hayyan al woidyit.
m
Facilitatedy^MM.^ fMtyauar,
Facility, JLl^f^Mi^a/a^; (ductility )^^«mmJ
tdynr. Facility in disposing of mer-
chandize, ^\^j rawdj. With facility,
i[J^ ^yL hikol iuhnlai.
Facing, (JjU^ mukdhl.
Fact, ». (deed), Jjo^c/, ^Jax. ^amal,
tani^; (reality), iiJi^ kaklkmt.
PAI
(649)
FAI
In &ct, ^\^\ ^fllwdM^ iAJiJS J
fil haklkat.
Faction (oonfederaoy), jLa^t ittihdd,
j[aj\ iUifak^ ifjUbU^ mu^dhadat;
(machination), <dUgfc- hllat, jL^fudd;
(tamalt), hzi fitnat.
Factions, ^Jcj faUdn.
Factiottsljy^^dj limdkrin.
Factitious, (^ JuliJ taiUdl, ^J^^*^ ^moH,
Factor (agent), J^j wdlAL
Factory, «. JDl^^ waldlat.
Factotum, «• ;Uf« mt^mds*
Facnltj (ability), ijSi kudrat, j\dsj\ tk-
tiddr, iy kUwat, JLilL tdkat; (powers
of the mind, capacity), iy kUwat^ Ac
^m, JJf ^akl, cJ\jJ\ idrdhf l^\y
fardMt, j^fahm. The visible fiacolty,
i^UI i^ k^wat al hdstrat.
Fade, v. (grow weak), cmJ iZ^^i/; (to
wither as a vegetable), Jj J deheL
Faded, ^Ib J c^o^ten, uJ^ ii<i^2/.
Fagoty 8. i^j>- hmmaL
Fail, V, (become deficient), ^/aSj nekes ;
(to become extinct), aJajI in^adam,
wUa3\ inkata^, i/^^ intafa\ It did
not £eu1 to be, iL^\ t« md tfn/ai;.
Fail,failnre(wantofsacce8s),«.U^\ f^Ss.
^adamalnajdh; (deficiency),ji^.d3 ibwur,
^li^ nttksdn; (omission), ^\^ tahd^
mid; (extinction), ULt it/d. Without
fail, tyai j^x. ^^ tnin ghayr huiUr.
And I was blessed with a thousand cbildren,
like stora lions; and I lived a thousand
yean, happy in mind and heart; and I
amassed ncbes snch as the kings of the re-
gions of the earth were^ anable to procnre,
and imagined that my enjoyments would con-
tinue without fidlure, c^l vji^j^^
^ sJL^Mkrj ^j0tj\yi\ i^i^M A^l^ j3j
Failing, s. (imperfection, deficiency), ^
sahu, IksL hhatd,jy^ huur, ^LsAj
nuksdn, c.'^jP ^offh, ^joAj naJUf j^^oSj
tahHr.
Fain (wishful), jli«u^ muihtdk, Uy.»rwLg
^y^ sdhib thawk; (compelled), jj^^dr*
mafbur.
Faint (feeble), ^,gjt^> <^^|/*
Faint, v. (become feeble), i^nJt de^ef;
(to swoon), iJ^ ffheshi. And she
fell into a yiolent'rage, and called out to the
female slaves and eunuchs, and said, Seize this
artful old wonun, and beat her with your slip-
pers. So they fell to beating her with their
slippers until she fainted, ci^LlxIJ
iJ^ l^ l^jii j3Lcj U^^lj J/UH
Fainting, «. SLjLc gha$hyat, [^futUr,
Faintness, faintishness, ysP- ^aj<a, jfi
Faintly, Ls* JiS hikd ^'m.
Fair (handsome), f^^J^ %arl/, ^j***^
hoM, i)^4£^ jamtl ; (clear), u^JlL^
ihaffdf\ (honest, just), Jjlc ^ddU\
(nuld, not severe), ^.^^ wadf^, Ji^
muldgim ; (commodious), ^.^^L^ mu-
ndstb, fj3\ymuwdjik\ (civil), L»>^fwli^
c^jI 9dh%b adab. Fair demeanour,
<u3Lj\ imdnigai, <^j\ m^, >— akl ^(/l
Fair, «. (stated meeting of buyers and
sellers), f^^y mawtam, j^U hd%dr,
jl\jj pandyir.
Fairly (beautifully), J;«»4>> j^ji hi waj*
htn Jamil; (commodiously), 'dAi\y$ ^jij
PAL
(650)
FAl
hikol mutodfaJBat; (without a blot), ^
i^^-mP.j^ min ghayr ^h ; (complete-
ly), L«Uj tamdman.
Fairness, JLii^ jamdl, ,j-am»- hun ;
(honesty), Ji^ saldh, iJ\tX^ saddkat.
Fairy, 9. &^:,a^ jinniyat, A fairy sup-
posed to cure diseases in the throat m\
i^yil^- umm halkiim.
Faith (in religion), ^J din, ^Uj\ Imam;
(trust), jU^l %^tikdd,j\^\ i^ihdr,
jUs^\ i^timdd; (fidelity), iL^ haki-
kat, JLtlJjiL-rfl istikdmat, lij tt'o/d ;
(promise), J^^ u?a^.
Faithful (orthodox), ^^y^ mUmin;
(honest, true, loyal), JfjLo addik,
tXASjL^ mu^madf ^j^\ amln. The
faithful professors of the Muhammadan
religion, ^j^^aLmaW al mtuUmln*
Faithfully (honestly, truly, loyally), JG
^Ij J hikol dayydfMt, L*\h>^\ (J^ hikd
UtikdmaL
Faithfulness, JDUf amdnat.
Faithless (unbelieving), ^0 ^IL* mdlaho
dayn, ^Uj^ h htld irndn, Jl^ i^/fr.
Faithlessness, ^UjHI ASc^^adamalimdn.
Falchion, «• u-s^ foy/. See Sword.
Falcon, «.j\j ^as. A large royal falcon,
^j^JbLl «^^Ifi (pi. ^^^1^ shawdhln).
Falconer, «. ^^;;J^^^ lt^/^ murabhl iha-
tpdhln.
Fall, v. ]aLa aakat, «Jj waka^ To fall
away (grow lean), ^.jr.,^ d$^f\ (to
revolt), ^<'<A^ ^M^) (to apostatize), SjJ^
artad ; (to perish), {1J\a hdek. To
fall down (in adoration), J^ 8ajad\
(to slip or tumble down), ^J %alak.
To fall in (coincide), ^jSuS tttafak, fjs\^
wdfak; (to comply with), ^j radi»
To fall off (separate, be broken), ^Lsaj^
mkata^. To fall on (to begin eagerly to
dottnjihing),\sx)\fbiadd; (to aaBanlt),
aje^ hafam; (to happen, befial),j«Xtf
8adar; (attempt), ^^yus 9e^, JuoS iM«L
To fall or drop, Lai^ M^f , ^^ u^db^.
To fall (yean or bring forth young),
d^ jJ^ trnddat To fall from a high to
a low station, Jjiul in^asuL To M
in love, ^}m*£. ^hek. To fall into an
error (in writing or speaking), kLc /A#-
fo/. And when the paper fell from her he^d.
Lady Dunya sawit, andaaid, What is this paper r
Fall, «. t^Lrf sukui; (ruin), S-^^/^ ^^'
rdh,c)ij^ haldk; (diminution),
naki ; (declivity), j^J^ hadur; (a
cade), JlLl BhaUdl,
Falling, part ^fj trdK^, SaSL* tdliif.
The falling sickness, laSUI i^;^^ muKrai
assdkit.
Fallacious, jjjj** muzawwir.
Fallaciously, aJljw Jilj ^1^^ M2a<.
Fallaciousness (fallacy), <lL». A?i!fff.
Fallibility, LUl ^IC«1 trnj^an ol yJUZs/.
Fallible, Uji\ ^z^ taht id ghaUt, JjU
yji!^ kdhtl at ghalat.
False (not true), c—^jl^ kd%ib,j^J^ mu-
zawwar. False testimony, ^jij f jl^
ihahddat stir. A false report, ^J^-
c^j's^ nai^/ ildsi3. A false reporter,
S-'^ol^ JiU ndkU kd%tb. A false syl-
logism, (^ J^^ (^^ ^y^' iast^.
Falsehood, falseness, falsity, ^A«&^t ^ j^
^dam al haklkat, l^\^ kith, jimj^
iattwir, jUj na/dk. Hear my atorr,
and understand my words, and mr Teracitj viH
become etident to thee; for nladtoodf la «
FAM
(651)
FAN
characteriotic of hypocrites, ^A-^ ^*>^\
Falsely, jjjjJb ftilrtr, ^}>^ j^J ^^^ mm
<^a» Aai. To accuse falaely, jjjJb ^f^
taham hil%tLr,
Falsification, JuU? tMld, Jsj taghal,
^jl^ ^asiffZr. See Counterfeit, Con-
futation.
Falsified, jj[j^ tnmawwar. [shayi.
Falsifier, ^'j^j^ tntaEowwir, ic^j »»■
Falsify, 9, ^^ ghash^j^j %awwar.
Falter, v. See Hesitate, Stammer*
Fame, ij^ shuhrat, j\pJ^\ ishiihdr,
y>:u^^ tatf J-j/#c>-^J zikr Jamil; (re-
port), j*:^' khahar. My handwriting
surpasied in beauty that of the best scribes ; my
fame spread in all conntrles, and I had great
reputation among all kings, ^J^^ ^jf^^
Famed, ji^f^ nuuhhvLr*
Familiar (domestic), ^lj haytt, iSyti
haytutt ; (intimate), <wdJ'l:L^ tnutaalif;
(affable), aA>> hahm; (accustomed).
Familiar, 8. (acquaintance), c^^^^-li^ id-
hib. To render familiar, i,^.^.^*^^\^sdhab.
To be familiar or intimate, i.,^^s^^\^
tasdhab.
Familiarity (intimacy), isi\ idfittf ^jmJ\
itu, <U>-Lx<« musdhdbatf <UJl^ muwd-
fuuat, ijJiAx^ mu^sharat.
Familiarize,!?, (render easy), Jy& ^tcwad.
Familiarized, i^^y$ muaUaf.
Familiarly (unceremoniously), /»
b—flJicil ^adam attaklif.
Family, t. (those who live under the same
roof), L::^.iJl Jjbl ahl Magt, JLc
^dl; (those who descend from one
common ancestor), fJJ\ ad, k^^m) na^
Bah, JimJ ium/«
Famine,ixs^ kalU, c ^/A^* Famine and
pestilence, ^^U?^ ^i^ kaht watd^ikn.
Famish, r. (kill with hunger), f ^^
jawwa^; (to die of hunger), ^^ CuL*
Famishment, 9 ^>^ j^^ «^^£sr tajwl^.
Famous,j^fuA^ nuMA-Atcr, uJ«*a^ ma^rBf*
Famously, ji^flk^^c yj di naw^n mash'
hur, ij^ JXj ^t^0/ shruhat [wih)»
** • *
Fan, «. <^^j/^ in«r«?aAa^ (pi. ^^y« f^Mra-
Fan, 9. dL^j^u ^^ hatowa* hU marwa"
hat. And I ordered two maids to sit, one at mj
head, the second (the other) at my feet, to
fan me, ,^J^ ^\ ^j^t^J^ ^j^S
*^lt^\ J ^^ c;f-* **^!^ ^tJ^
Fanciful, (imaginative), (Jt^sO^ muta-
hhayyil, jyaB>.f% mutasawunr, ^J^^-
hhiydh.
Fancifully, iJl-^^?y»J hi naw^n khi-
ydll, ^^4Jb^ i^^ ^* wojhin wahml,
Fancifuli\ess,^jJ^«*c ^ ^^j^f^fikr
wa rdy min ghayr tadhlr, JLsL khaydl.
Fancy (imagination), JLr*- khaydl, ^J,^^
takhayyul, ^j toahm, ^Jsy tawahhum,
jyoj tasawwur; (conception, opinion,
thought), JJjikr, ^ %ann; (caprice),
Jff\:>^khdtfr, Jiic ^akl; (inclination,
liking), J^ Moyl. The power of fabcy,
JLsrl i^ k&wat al khaydl. Fancies,
izJLjs^takhayyaldt, C^*iUr^ khaydldt.
Fancy, v, (imagine), ^y tatDahham, ^
9ann,jya) tasawwar.
FAB
(652)
FAB
Fane, «. Jua^ ma^ad. See Temple.
Fanfaron. See Bally.
Fanfaronade. See Blaster.
Fantasm, s, JU^ khayal. See Phantom.
Fantastical, fmtastic, ^Jt^i^t* mutakh'
khayyil, [wahml.
Fantasticalljy t^^^ ^^. ^* wapiin
Fantasticalness. See Caprice, Fancifal-
ness.
Fantasy. See Fancy, Idea, Imagination.
"Fax, JuM hacid. To remove far off Jju
ha^^. To be far off, Juu ha^ad.
Not far off, iXMj^ghayr ha^d. From
afar, Ju«j ^^ min laiid. Far more,
Ulc ghaUban, And I said, Not every
time does the jar escape unbroken. This time
far from me is the prospect of my finding
him who will oonTcy me to inhabited lands,
Farce, farcical. See Comedy, Comical.
Fare, v. (feed), vtL ta^m.
Fare (food), LZJy kut, J$\ akl Scanty
fare (jast enoagh to preserve life),
CJyjH iZJy hut Id ifamat. A fare
(for crossing a river, etc.),j^-jJl -.b hdj
al ^ur.
Farewell, tJj^U. Viatrak. To bid fare-
well, ^J^ iffodda^f (leave to depart),
^^4>j wadd^f t^.*^y ^*^^t' ^^ ^91^
flowed, on the day of separationi like pearls,
and I made of them as it were a necklace. The
Camel-driver nrged on the beasts with singing,
and I found not strength nor patience, nor was
my heart within me. I bade them farewell ;
then retired in grief, and quitted the society of
the places I frequented. I returned yrithout
knowing my own way ; and my soul was not
comforted, save byhopin? to return and to see
thee again. 0 my friend, listen to the words
of loTe ! God forbid that I should speak, and
thy heart should not remember ! 0 my soul,
---- thou partest with them, part also with
>ht of life, and wish not to live anymore !
i^ 9
Jil«
>y • jjjSljo AfeU^ (^\ i^J.
j^^j^SUJ^Jjir^^L^^. Bidding
tiiee fiurewell is like bidding life farewdl ; ai.
the loes of thee is like the io8B of the zq}hTT.
Thine absence is like a fire that bumeth et
heart, and in thy presence I enjoy the Gardes
of Delight! *Jj-Jl ^Jj J2^ tli^b.
C/^J
\ Ji3
-♦/':
* A-ocil. When they made their white
camels kneel down, near daybreak, and tber
mounted, and the camel departed with my W>
loTed. My ^e, through the interstioe of tb'
prison, beheld them, and I said, in my an|riush.
with tears overfiowing, Camel-drirer, tnra^tba:
I may bid her farewell^ for in parting, and ii
bidding her farewell I shall die. I am faitfe-
fnl to the TOW of loye, and hare not broken it.
Would that I knew how she has acted wid
regard to it ! .^^t J^ \yS.\j\ U
* jj^^ c/^v ^J^ SfOj * f^*^
^^\^\i * Jm^ t^*>l'^ ^5^JJ ^^
J A«(J1 J* JU 4>r)H Ifw jy ^j
CJijJ !,<?/«-& UuJU ♦ V*3^ j>iA-*'
Farm, «. ^jj^ wuura^.
Farm, «. (let a farm),^< ijfVir; (to take
or hire a form), j>-\^ ittdfar; (to
cnltivate the groand), ^/ak^ ^
PAS
(653)
FAT
Farmer, «. (one who rents lands, etc.),
yS>-*liM*^ mustafir; (bosbandman), Jis
faUdh. A farmer of tolls, etc., ^^^
nuiltazm,
Famess, M ha^. See Distance.
Farrier, «. (a borse doctor), jlk*j hltdr.
Farrow, y^y^ khannUs. See Pig.
Fart, s. iiffj^ darta.
Fart, r. l?^ daraL
Farther, further, J^l ah^.
Farther, v. See Advance, Facilitate,
Promote. Pmotion.
Fartherance. See Enconragement, Pro-
Farthermore, further, IjlsU ma ^add.
Farthermost (most distant), dJiA ah^ad.
Farthest, Juul ah^.
Fascinate, r. jsr* aahar, JJjJl t^J.,.^
«£(/a& a/ ^akl.
Fascination, ^^«-» sihr. In his look was
such a fascination, that had Harat seen his
performance, he might hare looked npon him
s
as the master of fascination, ^^r> ^ Joj
Fascinated,^^^:***^ fMshUr, ^fJu% maftHn.
Fascinatbg, adf. ^^fattdn. A fasci-
nator, ^j^i^ muftin.
Fashion, (form), ^^j nay, m^j rasm;
(custom), ij\£. ^dat A fashion of
dress, iy*^ kuswat^ *4m^ koiem, ^J
zay ; (rank), ifjj^ martabai.
Fashion, v, /^JjJb handam, «Jwtf zana^
f^Ax, ^mal, ^^j waddah, Ja3 nazam,
Jij Myyan.
Fashionable (established by mode or
custom), ioj ^U? tala^tayyoKo, (JJ^y
if jU!^ muwdfik al ^ddat. To become
fuhionable, ^y^j[00 adr kdnun,
Fasbionableness, i»\Jef tardfat. See
Elegance. [tar\f.
Fashionably, *^J& ^^ H wafhin
Fashioned, ft^,;.^„>t masnH^, ^^.^uu^
ma^mUl,
Fast, t^. ^Ltf 8dm.
Fast, $. ^ya Mwm.
Fast (firm, fixed, immovable), Ita^mm
madhat, ^U mdism, vjl^U idbit;
(swift, quick), jj^ wrf^, Jy***^
miMTfc.
Fasten or make fast, v. ^y kawwa\
^^^ makkan; (to cement, conjoin),
J^ lasak. l^ji^ makln.
Fastened, 4/^ mukawwa*, ^^U mdkin,
Fastidious (disdainful), yLscUuM« mtutah-
k%r,jSz>^ mutkabhir.
Fastidiously^ \jf^\i hi istikuin, Sj U! J^
bikol ihdnat, j\assxJj hi istihkdr.
Fasting, ». j^yp iawm» See Fast.
Fastness, ^1^ kardr, C1.>Uj $ahdt; (secu-
"^y)» c^^' amdn; (a strong place),
(jyflj*. J.^^ mahM haein.
Fat, fl«^'. y;*4--» «amln; (greasy, oily),
^Ju« mudhin, ^;«JbJ ^t^Ift. Fat and
lean, gjjb^ <CJh J (^Afi^ tea ^^0. Eat
meat, ^LJb Ju* ^^^^ ^Am^ mudhind.
Fat, v. ^^^ Mmmon. See Fatten.
Fat, #. ^J duhn. The fat on broth,
etc., ijj^\ ^jlbj dahhan al marakah.
Fatal (deadly), C^ muhlik, JtU
kdiilf u:u.--«^ mumlt; (inevitable,
destined), i^j^fi^ mahtUm, j*xL* mu-
kaddar. [takdlr.
Fatality, fatalness, LaS kadd, jj£)
FaUlly (by the decree of fate), y.jijlj
ii^ takdtr, jJA^ ^y hi tcajhin mu^
kaddar; (mortally,destructively),''lil^
muhlikan, )LjiU kdtilan.
Fate, Ui kadd,j^j3j takdlr (pl.^jU;
takddtr), L^mJ kuMtat, vJU? ^d/A •
(death), ti^^ mau^^. "We were j-
■** -.
y
*/
y
9 ^ ^ ^
f
r
/
' t
y
/'y.
/ /"' -'-'
•■I
V*
/ '/ x' y
/ ' ,^
} {i\,, -•a. ^ s.
/
I
^ 'rf , t ^f ,,
...il.il, III i„i.f -I " ' "
S?
FAY
(6o5)
PEA
Satigae, v. u>^t7 ia^^, i^^n^A iU^.
.''atigae, u,.^w7 ^a^a&, J^ ioJ. For I
attained not this prosperity and this place save
after seyere fatigue and great tronble and many
terron, if jUJ\ ^ jjb ^\ ijiJu^jU ^Jli
iiJ^^ JjjJi S*^ *^ ^^ c;^^ ^«^^
j'atigaingy j^or^. c^^^jc^ mut^h, y^^^^^y
v_ -•"-^^ mO/Vd attach.
To be fatigued, U;-^ ^^«&. A mind
fatigaed and full of cares, L^yc^^ Jb
^Kilb Jy^i^ 3d/ mat^h tea nuuhghul
hil ifhar.
Fatness, ^^j^^ iumn.
Fatted, ,j^kwM^miMaMmAn,uJjLK^ madnf.
Fatten, 9. (make fat), ^j^^>^ samman\ to
be or become fat, ^^jA^ ietnen.
Fattened, ,^^^iwm^ mmamman.
Fatuous. See Foolish, Stupid, Impotent.
Fault, f. c,>*jr ^a^5, Uarw khatd, j^^,aA)
takslr, Llx ghalatfjy>ati kusur,^^ sahn,
LLj m^^ OJ £a/?a^, ^Li kah&hat;
1^^ J san3, S^AJb hafwat, ^.\i\ f. ghdltat\
(defect), (^^fdi&3 na^, ^l<^ nti^an,
t_ -j^ ^tfyi. And our fire is never
extinguished from the wayfarer by night ; nor
do any of the guests who come to us hnd fault
with us, j;lt jji^ J U jU cu jb4c;.\ U^
Faultily, v.^ jk^ ^ c ^ &t itatc^^m mtamih,
L^MdAJi iahHran.
Faultzness, c^*^ ^a^^i Ua^ JbAa^d.
Faultless, ILrw^^ highayr khaid, h
Faulty, L^J^ mtanti, ap^^J sdmfm.
Fayour, t— dUl /«(/*, Jul:^ ^tnaya^, JuJb Aim-
ma^; (benefit), ^liu\ tit^dmi ^^L«»-1
%h»dnf <Uju »t^f»a^. Favours, d^ULLf
ialaitu/Eti, uJlkc\ «^^/, ujiL|^ ^airA-
tiff j^AJb hamam, /^j^^ matdrtm; (vin-
dication), jix' ^uxr, jljcxt i^uUtf,
By favour, ^l^ hi^ndyat. By the
favour of God, ^J^ s^M ^ ^^ ^*t**
ndyatal ftdrf ta^la\ To curry favour,
cjilajcutil iita^f* She said, 0 my
Lord and Master, is the recompense of benefi-
cence aught but beneficence? Thou hast
treated me with beneficence, and bestowed upon
me great favours ! * i/«X^^ li^JLaJ
Favour, v. ^UU^dn, J^LkS^oJ, ^^^m^^-I
_)1 aA«aii 1^'.
Favourable (kind), ^*^*^ tayyib. See
Slind. (Propitious), JyuMu* m<w^ui^,
Jjum^ mtM^o^, (ji^y muwdjik, ^j^Jf^
mu^n* A favourable wind, (JJ^y ^^
hawd muwdjik. [^Ui^ ihafakat.
Favourableness, z*^ karam, ajlj rd/a^.
Favourably, ^V»l J-ij J«^o/ /«(/", JJj
iij^Lyu* hikol mtudc^adat
Favoured, ^y muwaffak, JlcLu^ mtMd-
^. Ill-favoured,^^lai^l ^^ ^arlAa/
manur. "Well-favouredly, J*-*5j- ^^
5i wajhinjamlL lU-favouredly, ^y
^•il/« 5> wajhin makrHh.
Favourer, fautor, «. tXc\*u^ mu%d^.
Favourite, f . t^^'v-La^ mtwdAf^. A royal
favourite, <.lj3^1 ajJJ nadlmulmdUk,
Fawn, «. (young deer), Jl^ yhatdl.
Fawn, v. (court servilely), ^-L^jJubJ
Fear, cJ^ AAtft^ <Ua*£w khashiyat.
The fear of God, i^^ takwc^, c j»
trara^, 41^ <U>lu-v. khaahtyat aHah.
FEA
(636)
FEE
Fear, «. uJU>- }Lhaf\ (to make afraid),
uJ^ "khavDwaf. Thoa knowest that
m^ father is a great Kinff, and that all the
Kings of the Jan are terrified at bim, and fear
his awful power ! ^ ^j^jju y^i,,^ i^
Those serpents go ont in the nighty and hide
themsehes in the day, fearing lest the mkh and
the vulture should carry them off, ^l^^J^
And those who practise it are the strongest
tribe : they are the happiest of their gene-
ration ; the touch of oppression affects them
not, and the drawing of the swords dis-
qniets them not; they fear not the sting
of the most envenomea foe ; they own sub-
mission to none, afar off or near ; they are
not afraid of thunder and lightning, nor care
for the wrath of those who rise up and sit down,
Fearful, i^lfi>- Tih&y%f\ (awful), uJ^ier^
mvkhawtoif.
Fearfully (timorously), uJ^ JXj hikol
khawf; (awfully),<LM;b Jjo hikolhayhat,
Fearf ulness, <UJb hayhat.
Fearless, uJUk:! la yakhaf. [khawf.
Fearlessly, uJ«£^ j^ ^^ min ghayr
Fearlessness, uJ^I f^Se. ^adamal khawf.
Feasible. See Practicable, Plausible.
Feast, t. (great entertainment) , ii\^ di-
yd/at; (holiday), Juc ^d. To make
a feast (entertain sumptuously), J.4X
^Ui ^anuU diydfat, djuJ ^J^ sawtoa*
diydfat. [^ama/ addiyOfaU
Feaster, «. (entertainer), ^LoaSl J^U
Feat, B, Jji ghasid. See Action, Deed,
T^-ploit, Trick.
Feat. See Neat, Nice, SkilfuL
Feather, <.££j ^ tUhal (pL d^llj j rUiai
and (^j rUh). The long feathers in
the wing, ^^^^ \J»ij rUA mjjamOk.
Feathered (covered with feathers), ^
Featly. See Neatly.
Featness. See Dexterity.
Feature, ^j wajhjjoi^ manmar.
February, l^l^ iuhdL [cremau
Feces, feculence. See Dregs, Lees, Ex-
Fecundity. See Fruitfulnesa.
' Fed, uJiju% ma^Hf.
Federal, ^J<a2*\ Uiihadi,
Fee, *. (reward), jjj-^ ajr, ^-?1y tawdh.
The fee to a judge for deciding a parti-
tion of inheritance, <i4iMi5l\ ^^j ratmii
hiifnaU A brokePs fee, ISi^ dHalst
Fee of office, i«^M^ rusnm.
Feeble, i— L^iup da^f/(pl. \sjt^ ^^i^]'
^>mJusgr nahlf. To make feeble, wJai
da^^df. To be or become feeble, ^»U
^Qjii.n tdr da^f.
Feebleness, Ijsf ^9<0s, catur du^, aS^
i^\ ^am al k^wtU.
Feebly, lm^ JL hikd du^.
Feed, r. (supply with food), Mfio\ at^\
(to take food), ^^\ akal; (to pasture'.
^g£^j ra^a*. To feed cattle on hay 0r
grass, i^JLc ^alaf. There is in certain
of the islands a bird of enormous aize ealltd
the rukhf that feedeth its young ones witk
elephante, ^ \^ jj\)^\ ^^^ ^
Feeder, ». (giver of food), ^^xla^ mui^m.
Feel, 9. (touch), ^^«m«] lanuu, ^ym»- ksi.
To perceive, C/^jl adrak. To feel (to
have sensibility, to be gentle, mere:-
M), ^j raham, ^^jiJ^ Aa/^ i^U-
PEL
(657)
FEN
Feel (feeling, touch), ^jujili lamt. The
power of feeling, Xm^UI iy^\ dl kn-
wai al Idmisat,
Peeling (perception), cJtjjf uhrdk, m^
fahm, (^^^a*»- has; (sendbilitj, tender-
nees), ^U>y rahnuU, ^mJ^ shafakat
Feet (pi. of foot), JSi\ akddm.
Feign, v. (dissemble), ^l>- Jas- ^mal
hdlahom To feign ignorance, 4!U« ^J.^^
JjhU^ ^anud hdhho jdhH; (make a
false show of), j^\ mhar.
Feigned, a!1>- J^lc ^dmtl hdlaho. To
feign sickness, ^j^j^ ^^ J-^^c ^nuU
hdldho marid,
Feignedly, U;^ «ilra^.
Feigner, «. jj^y« mutawmr, a!1»> ^U
^dfnt7 hdldho* ^hy^ 9iirat,
Feint, «. (false appearance), XJu>- Al^s^,
Felicitate, r. cl/ib 3drai&, . ^ hanna\
Felicitation, o fLw« muhdraiat, Lsuj
Felicity, if jUms sa^dat, Jju« M^if, (j:^o^
^aM4, Jlit i^d/. Eternal felicity,
ib Jj1I\ ifjUMJt asM^ddat al dbadiyai.
And they began praying to hearen for the
continnance of hiB glory and prosperity, and
felicity and honour, i^ ij^*H bj^^
Fell (cruel, etc.), ^^ kdsl, J 1)3 tdlim.
Pell, s. jJl9- jiTi^. A fell-monger, &Lj
jJif^ hayyd^jild.
Fell, 1^. (cut down), ^laS ibto^. A
feller, ^U ^d^t^.
felloe, «. (circumference of a wheel),
(^j^j^l^l J ddyir addiUdh,
r'ellow, i. (companion), (j^jraflh. N.B.
Fellow, in composition, is generally
expressed by jui; raflk^ as — ^A fellow
traveller, jLJ\ J^ raflk OHafa/r. A
fellow student, (jM^jJt j;^3^ raflk
addari.
Fellow, V, 'T^'^jiJ^ (t^y toaffakhum a/xwdj.
Fellowship (equality), if^^L^ mtud-
wdt\ (companionship), 4^1^ shardkatf
itti/dk, imj\y muwdnasat.
Felo-de-se, AmaaJ JjU i^M »q/lia^.
Felon, »» (*r?^ mfffrim.
Felonious (wicked, etc.),^^ tharrir.
Feloniously, s^jS^^^ hiwajhin mujrim.
Felony, M^nr llas^- khatd ^Im^jJ^ jLJ
foidd kabir.
Felt {part of feel), ^j^ymA^ mam9H9,
Felt (cloth), jU ^idi; (skin), jdj>-
jild; (perceived), {j^yMs:^ mah»iU,
Felucca, %. (small ship), ^^ felakka.
Female (opposed to male), ^^\ ufua\
A female (of the human species),
i\yt\ amraat,
Femme covert, t. ^3/* ^ mora mtf-
tawwajL A femme sole, X^ l:uoj hint
bikr.
Feminine (soft, tender), ^U nd^tm.
Feminine (in grammar), L^y mu-
*0iin4W. The feminine gender, ciwlaH
attdnU. [Marsh, Bog.
Fen, a. l« <.fl;r>M«.< tmutanki^ md. See
Fence (guard, protection), f^U^^- himd'
yat, &Im0 tiydnai, laA»> Ao^. Defence
(an enclosure), ^U.1 thdtat, iUailsr^
mithd/aMt. A fence or lattice work,
^^J^\jJ dardHun.
Fence, v. ^JLc ^l»- Adma' ca^'. See
Defend. To enclose, ^\s>^\ ahdt.
Fenced (defended), y^js:^ mahrUSf
i^^A^^ mahfilz ; (enclosed), tlsr« m«*
hdi, ^jy4J^ mathmuL
Fencer, «. (swordsman), <»J w M/yydf.
42
PER
(658)
HD
Fencible, ij\^\ ^jL^ mumhtn aasa-
ydnatf ^^'^^^ yunhama\
*»
Eend, v. See Defend, Keep &S, Exolade.
Fennel, iytJ^ ahumrat Hog's fiBnnel,
j^lj^jykr hakhur fnarlam.
Feod, feud, «. (land held by military
tenQre),^ul9lA^mtfJ^^^a,£ui33 hatl^t.
Feodal or feudal lord, feodary or feoda-
tory, «. ^a^lL« mvMti^.
Ferment, v. (be in agitation), ^\jb hdj;
(as liquors), y43^\ ikhtamar; (to
leaven), ^^^c^l ikhtamar ^ jASjssT ii:^
hhaM&h yahhtam%r\ (to be fermented),
jAS>^\ ikhtamar.
Ferment, ir;:^^£>- khamlrat; (intestine
commotion), ^lisnjb hayaj&n.
Fermentable, ^-la^ yakhtamir.
Fermentation (of wine, etc.), j\a:xs>-\
ikhtimdr; (leavening), ^^Mt^aT takhmir.
Fermentative, yksr^ mukkammir.
Ferocious, ^J^*^^ wahshtf JU0 %dlim.
Ferocity, <Uu*>-j wahhiyai,
Ferreous, ferruginous (composed of iron),
(^JjJk>^ hadidl. [out.
Ferret, v. See Discover, Drive or Hunt
Ferrule, «. (of a cane, sword-sbeatb,
etc.), *^^ {j**;^ talhls hadld.
Ferry, v. (cross over a river, etc.), ^iaS
j^ kata^ nahr.
Ferry, s.jfM^ ma^ar (pl,^lju» ma^ditr),
^loiU makta^ (pi. ^liU «iuii^^«^).
The fare for crossing a ferry, jj^^ ^b
id; al ^Hr.
Fertile, c^>.^>dr;^ ^^Mfi, fjL-^s^x^ munbit.
Fertilenese, fertility, 1^ ^>rtS> i^Aaai.
Fertilise, v. \^^»nr^\ akhsah.
Fervency, fervour, if^Uk>- ham&wat, ij^j>^
hardrat, [sdhib yhlrut.
Fervent, fervid, jU. hdr, i^ u,.^>>U
Fervently, J;!^ J^ MM hmr&roL
Festival, 9. J^ ^ (pi. ^^L^f «t9<s<'
The festival of Easter,^;^) «^ p^
alkahfr. ,y^\^\ J^ ^idal/mk
ci majid^
Festival (peitaini9g to feaats), 4/*^
^a. Festival^ festive, featzvosa^
Festivity, -^ ft^oA^ j^j^ Mmnir, tllj
noihdt. [/>^*
Fetch, V. (go and bring), c-'lsj- ^J; ri^
Fetch, «. JUu:»- M/a^.
Fetid, f^^M,^ muta^affin.
Fetidness, ij^ ^fsunat.
Fetter, fetters, «. «xJ kayd.
Fetus. See Fcstus.
Feud, quarrel, contention. See Feod.
Feudal, feduatory. See Feodal^ etc.
Fever, «. U>- hummd or ^^'«'>- humm-
The cold fit of a fever or ague, ^«^'
o^tfT ^tf. A malignant fever, ^<4k>
^Li^^E^ iliimina' mn^rda. To fefv
(catch a fever), ,<^lj ^j «Mla^ K'
hiumma •
Feverish, feverous, |*y«^^^ iwtfibwfijM-
Few, JJi ib/lJ.
Fewel or fuel, Jy^ t^tuf.
Fewness, JLli M/<i^.
Fib, ^y^ larl^ke (vulg.). See lie.
Falsehood. To Fib. See Lie.
Fibre, b. ZU llfat.
Fickle, ^^\ L»Ji2^ mutakaUib tstUk-^
Fickleness, ^^\ l-^Ja? takaUub attah-^
Fiction, jUr^ ijdd, ^J^ ikkiird^.
Fictitious, i/»3uiij tMldit i^^'^^ ^omI
Fictitiously, j£j2J-^ hi Uunfflrvu
Fiddle, «. (-jlfj rihdh, i.sf\j£ i«M4»>
Fiddle &ddle, J^i ^ shy id ymh^
FIQ
(659)
PIN
Fidelity, £t«t amdnat, Sj\xc taddlat,
Fidaciary, fiducial, «X4Sic^ mu^mad.
Fief, «• ^UaS ib^I^a^.
Field, •• (indefinitely), ^^«)u^ miAlfi,
Lai /add. A cnltivated or eown field,
^jj^ flMsra^a^« A barren field, i>jp^
jurd. A pasture field, ^^j^ mar^a\
To challenge to the field, ^\ JuJJ ^O
da^ lA vAdikn*
Fierce, ^U?!)! L/^^ «AarM dl atbd^.
Fiercely, X«>|^ Jil^ Hhd thardsat,
Fieroeness, eLDl^t^ 9hardsaitd(Uhd^.
Fierinefls, ij^j^ hardrat.
Fiery, i^^U ndrf.
FifteeUy^uif <Ufc.»rC khamsat ^ashar.
Fifteenth, ^^Ix^yMb^lcL khdmii ^har.
Fifth, ^^^Mu«lsL khdm%9.
Fifthly, Luw«l>- iE;AdmMan.
Fiftieth, ^^«m^«^ ^Aam«ilfi.
Fifty, ^jywfc^i/'w J^nUin.
Fig, «. iLj ^fna^ (pL ^ tin),' A fig^
tree, ^^ {/^ 9hajarat tin.
Fight, r. <-J>;U. Afiro*, JjU kdtd.
Fight, «. c-^ ^irJj Jlai *tW/, ijU-^
Fighter, 8. jju^ mubdrh^ im^^^s^ «Hf-
Figment, «. See Fiction, Invention.
Figurablcyj ^oil \ ^^^^4^ mi«milm attoiu^r*
Figuratiye (not literal), u^W* m^'dtl.
Figuratiyely, \)^^ majdtan.
Figure, JCji ihaU, ijya aUrat, jiy^i
ta9uflr\ (arrangement), ii-^w^ tartlh,
aI^I inthdm; (distinguiahed iq^ear-
ance), i^Sfhardmat, Jip^jatdl, cJ^
iharaf. A figure in arithmetio, *ij
ro^m, OJbC ^adadfjLa tijr. A geo-
metrical figure, JjJ^ jadwal (pL
jy J^ jaildtM'/). A rhetorioal figure,
Jli^ mMd/, iAi^ hmd^ (pi. c;.;bU^
ibfidyd^). A parallel figure, jCl
i^j^f-^ *^dU mutawdtU A circular
figure, jj J^AM^ JX^ «AaU miM^lr.
A square figure, ^/J^ JCi* «^A/
tarM^*
Figure, •• Jil& J^«^ ^mal mAoU, jy^
iotffwar. To figure to oneself, j^
toiowwar. To figure (in painting, em-
broidery, etc.)» (jSkAJ naiash.
Figured, JLw^ mushakkalf ^/tM^ imi-
tiakkoihf jy^^ mufouwar.
Filbert, «• (nut), ^JXJ bunduk.
Fibh, V. See Pilfer, Steal. '
File, 8. (for polishing), J^ mahrad* A
file or catalogue,^ J daftar.
File, 1?. (metals, etc.), J^ 5arai. To file
papers, JL0 MJto/.
Filings, if j1^ harddtU,
Filial, (^yj ^Miiri.
Filiation, i^ ^niM^a^
Fill, r. ^Jut inaJa*, ^X« malU.
Fill, filling up (completing), )b^! mtild.
Filled, ^^^^ nM8hkan,^,A^ mumlHf
JcL«M« mumtali.
Fillet, «. ^lof ^Mddo^.
Filly, «• /{^ ibfrra. [jfU^o^ iiuM/iiA.
Filter, filtrate, v. _a^ «a^'. A filter,
Filth, filthiness, LAofT nafd8at, ^^ wa-
8akh,
Fin, f. iJL^yJ\ ^l^fmdh al hut.
Finable (mulctable), du.« i^^ S^^!^
^\jC wdjib yaUas minho ghardma,
Final,^^^T d^Afr; (condusiTe), ^IS
Finally, ''t^.^t tfi^fron.
Finance, iU U]\ 0/ mdUffok. A financier,
LlUlt J^u?^ muha88il d mdliyat.
FIN
(660)
FIB
Find, V. ii»-j wajad; (to perceire), CSjC^
adrakfjaj na%ar ; (to acquire), Ji^i^^-
hassal. To find a yerdict, aCs)1 j Juel
asdar al hukm. To find out,
\
ahdaSf (Aarl ayjad. To find difficulties,
to be averse, jLu ta^aUal.
Pinder, s. »X5>-\j wdjid.
Fine (not coarse), wJj fti/^^, ax13
na^tm; (free from dregs, dross, etc.),
^U- khdlis; (elegant), ^^J^^ latlf^
(Sa^^ jamll; (thin, transparent),
<^ll^ ahaffaf; (small, subtile), fjJj
dakik, fj^j rakiJc\ (soft, smooth), J^^l
asH. Having a fine edge, ^>-J^j
rahif\ (dexterous, artful), \^^'J^
(.J^* tahib tasarruf; (fraudulent),
j\tXe. ffhadddr.
Fine, s, ^UJj^-jarimat, t^\ji> gKar&mai,
In fine, \jfp^\ akhlran.
Fine, v, (take a fine), Ajp^jaram,
Fined, /•y/s^ majrHm.
Finely, beautifully, lilLI J^ hikollata"
Fineness, ^jtMj>. hun, JU^yamS/.
Finesse, JLL^ Kilat.
Finger, «. ^*^\ (w&a^(pL ^joLtfl Md3l^).
The ring finger, ^.^ ^aiMNr (pl.^ljj
handsir). The little finger, ^>d.Vf;>
Ihimer, The joint of a finger, etc.,
^..^ai^ mo/Ml/ (pi. J^tfli^ ma/dsil).
Finger, v. ^^^^ lamas, iscJ daghdagh\
(to steal), ^j^ Barak. To finger a
musical instrument^ ^ J (?a£.
Finical (effeminate), jJcjU mughandar;
(nice), J^Jy^ «iH/.
Finically, li^oi &• sord/lm.
FinicalnesB, AJ\Jio tardfai.
Finish, t;. ^ tamnum, jfi>^ khaUm,
^jo^ khaUas. To finifih a thing
properly, i^^rf2\^j^i\ maj tammm
al amar kamd yajah.
Finished, ^1^ khdlU, Aaj tsmom.
The book is finished (finis), i^^\ f
tarn al kitdh.
Finisher, «. f^^c>^ nmtammim.
Finite (limited), J^Jcsr^ mahdiid, JAs:^
«•
muhaddad, JJ^^U mutahaddad.
Finiteness, «\>- kadd. See limitatioiL
Fir-tree, s. jiy^ sanatohar.
Fire, j\j ndr (pL ^\jJ nlrdn). Hell
fire, m:>^j\j ndrjahannam, A spark
of fire, jU ^ hasiot ndr. To strike
fire, il3 -.jJ l;ai2aA ndr. Anything
used in striking fire (as steel, flint, etc;,
^Ijj kadddhat A worshipper of
fire, ^Ull Juc ^ahhdd anndr. Fire
(ardour), ^^ ghirat, ^j^j^^ hardrsL
Firearms, X> lU d^:'^! asUhat ndriftL
Fire, v. (set on fire), ^j^ harak, j^'
jUU adroit hU ndr\ (to take fire),
Jl/'^ ihtarak; (to be fired or inflamed
with passion), l.^^w3«IU Jjcl^I i$kiMl
hU ghadah. To fire cannon, c-^
^1a^ <^araft maddfi^ To fire a
musket, 2Fj^^b (jm^ kawwas hdmii*
When shall the fire now kindled by separatioa
be Quenched by your approach, and my wi^
be ralfiUed by your presence P and when duil
we remain as once we were P The daj of
parting has filled me with terror, and his
afflictra me; and the act of bidding thee £uv-
well, 0 my lord, has increased my infirmity !
Firm (fixed), }fAj rdsikk, jSlj wd»ky
b^Jlo/* vMaJbiki, (jii-oU 9ohU, ^^^^
makln, ^^^ matin; (solid)i
PIS
(661)
FLA
munjatnidf ^^ kawl. To make firm,
^jL« makkan.
Firmament, UyJf anama^ CA» fddk,
CSijli\ CJ^jfalai ul afldk
Firmly, ^jtf^ iJ^ ^t^^ iamkin.
Firmness, m\L^^\ utihkdm, j\2 iar&r,
$ah&i, ij\^j roidnat. See Stability,
Compactness, Steadiness, Besolntion,
Certainty.
First, J^l aiDwal (fem. _ijf pi. ^^\
awwdliin). First, firstly, in the first
place, Jl^l awtcal, l^t airvai^fi. From
first to last,^l\ ^\ JjJl ^^ mm a/
awwal ila* al dkkir. Making the first
last (transposing), v£^>j |*«^ kaddam
wa akhkhar.
Fiscal. See Exchequer, BeTenne.
Fish, «. iij^^ Mtnakat (pi. lL^jiut «amai&).
A laige fish, iUy^ hut The scale of
a fish, ^jAi fU, A fish-hook, ^ jIb
hdlu^ A fish-pond, ^^ Aafr<{, a^
hirhaL
Fish, 9. CX^Mi «3u«dji tMoyyad satnak,
Fisher, fisherman, v'^-^■^f jLi^ Myydd
samak.
Fishmonger, «. dli^ 4.1.1 &Lj ^ayyA^Mviait.
Fishy (haying the qualities of fish), ^
KLjij^\ ^\2o laho tahdyi^ assamak;
(consisting of fish), ^S-^^*^ BamaM,
Fissile (capable of being spilt), ^;d^
^UmJUI mumkin all inshikdk*
Fissure, Jh^ »huk. To break into fis-
sures, J^ fjsJU ^VrflT takutta^ shukak
shukak.
Fiat, 9. jJ\ XjJ kaldat al yadd. A
blow with the fist, ^ ^ibia^. To
strike with the fist, sS^ lakam.
Fistula, ji^U ndiUr.
Fistula lachrymaHs,^Lii<« J dam^at, c ^J
fjs'^\ dnmi^^ al^m.
Fit, «. (paroxysm of a fever), U^l i^J
dawr al hummd; (a sudden start or
e£Ebrt), |*^^ kujum. A fednting fit,
^Luki ghuhydn. A fit of anger,
ai yhadabf Ix^ ghay%. And after
havini^ recited hiB yeraes, he fell down in
a fit, in whidi he remained for a long time,
t*> \^ s^ 'j-*^ ttT* 1/ '-♦^
Fit (proper), ^S /dy«i, 4J3^%^ mtfirq/ii^,
>li/t miiNd«»6 f (prepared), ^l^-
Aa<fir. I am most fit to conceal thy secret,
to accomplish thy bosiness, and to Dear thy
letters, 'Ui, tl^ j^jJLj ^^ ULi
Fit, r. j;it^ wdjlk; (to be adapted).
Fitly, i[Aj\^ JG 3iib^ mtiM^a/ai^a^,
^^t^b hiuawdh.
Fitness, iSj\y mutodfdkat, <L3L! laydkat,
JUmiU^ mundsahal.
«t
Five, 4ufc4k>- ^^i9Ma^ The space of five
years (a lustrum), Cj|^
khamsat sanawdU
Fix, f'. ^jL« mn^iUii, ^iii-xfi sahhat, ^.
ikWtf^. To fix the eyes, JqA\ ,jft^\
am^an annazar,
Yixedf^jjJL^ mukarraTf \j:^^ tdhit. A
place where anything is fixed, *^j^d^
madrab. A fixed habitation, ^J^
makdn. Fixed upon, jl:;^ mukhtdr.
Fixedness, fixation, fixure, j\^ kardr,
dM^\^\ istihkdm, tJLJyj nthut
Flabby, ^^^ji^t^ mtutarkhl. See Sofk.
Flaccid, Jjtj %&l%l, t-gjt.^ da^f.
Flaccidity, flabbiness, U-^f istirkhd.
Flag, r. (grow feeble, fiaecid),
d0^ef.
FLA
(662)
FIA
JFlag, s. (colours), ^ ^akm, ,j^ %-
rai, )j) liwa. To hoist a flag, t^^wri
Flageolet, t. (^U ndy.
Flagellation, j\j>' jM. [^ki.
Flagitions,^^ sharf^r, xJjfiLmd,^^Jii
Flagitiousness,^ tharr, i!>-Lj kabdhmt,
it^lLl shakdwiU^ h^*^J raddwai.
Flagon, 8, JtfiAJ humkum, ^1:^:3 isofmlnd.
A large flagon, ^\^ iarrdhi.
Flagrant (notorious),^!!? sdAtir, uJ^yb«
Flail, tf. Sjj^ darhat.
Flake, «. d^sxi^ Miflhat.
Flambeau, $, Jj(mu« math^ (pi. J^aImu^
motfto^i/), ^twA^ muhdh. See Torch.
Flame, jU ndr, c--^ 2a^d. See Fire,
Passion, Ardour, Love. — Flame with-
out smoke, J2\ ^LJ Utdn armdr. £e-
cite to me some venes : perhaps my chest may
thereby be dilated, these sad thoughts may be
dispelled, and the flame that is in my heart be
quenched, ^Jjc) jIjc&II ^j^atu (JjywJl
j\Ui\ if jjb ^ Jjjj^ ^j^ fc/;*^
Flame, v, Jx.Si tha^dl.
Flaming, flamy, ^^\JL thd^tly JjcJL^
Flank, v^^* jdntb. The right flank,
^Lw« maymanat. The left flank,
^^AM^ tnaysarat. To flank, «r attack
tho flank of an army, (— ^ iJ^ /^^
Flannel, «. Lj)Li^/k^l9.
Flap, €. (anything dangling), uJ^ ftim/.
The flap or lappet of a garment, Jj J
dayL [Show away.
Flare, v. See Flash, Glitter, Glance,
Flash, i, (of fire or lightning), ^ hark i
J (a sudden impulse), aIaa Ac a^
Au/vm ^ai((f' ghaflaL
"^^^^t 9* s2ji hamk. To flash (makem
impetuous effort)^ £1a£ ^^Js> a^ Aa/m
Flashing, part. ^S 22mi!^.
Flashy (not solid), J^h hdiU, ^jxsi
hild ma^uf,
Flaak, t. iL£i«^ BkluJm, li^ imaM.
Flat (level), gr^L*::^ mti^cMdi^f, cff**^
(not elevated), ^suj^j^ ghayr wv-
iafi^ ; (insipid), ^ J M^^. Tasteks
(unanimated), Uj^9 ^U md/o^ ^m,
«X«lc>- jdmid. The flat side of say-
thing (also any thin lamina, plate.
blade), ^ iofh. Flat-nosed, ^^'1
afias. A flat roo^ J^ ta^
Flat, *. (even ground), ^^*^ mida^
^J^ sahl.
Flatly (horizontally), jiW \*)l^ •»-
hdtiyan hld/ak, l[y:^'»*^ musUmffn^.
Flatness (levelness), Jf- «€iA/; (dead-
ness), SJii^ 5Krik20^.
Flatten, c^. (make flat), J^ $ahhd.
Flatter, v. J^ maUak,
Flatterer, «• (jl«^ mumaUiL
Flattery, Ji^ tamaGuk.
« •
Flatulency, ^ no/ifeA, ^j rf A.
Flatulent, ^Uj fia^A. A flatalent
tumour, ^Lsf^ fMfkltai.
Flavour (odour), ia^j rdyhat; (agne-
ableness of taste), ifjJ haat, l^
masszat, J^J %awk.
Flaw, i. (crack), JJ^ shuk; (defect;,
L_ ^j*^ ^ayb ; (a blast of wind), is^
\yb najkhat hawd.
Flax, ^\::;^ hiUdn. See lint
FLE
(663)
FU
Flaxen, «ils^ hittata.
Flax>8eed, ^^jjf i«w tuUdn.
Flay, V. d^jdady 'J^»aIaihfjJMj iathar.
Flea, «. f^yji larghuL
Fleas, \::,^\ji harvigkiU
Fled (|Nir^. o/flee), Aj^Jf^ nui^ilifi.
Flee, r. (run B,wBj)yj3farr, <-r^ AtfmS.
Any place to which one flees, \jf^
mdljd.
Fleece, «. uJ^ ^J>- youia^ «il/.
Fleece, r. (ahear sheep), J>- /« ; (to
atrip, plunder), c^^l.o kiI0}.
Fleeced (robbed, stripped), c,»jLyb^ ifkM-
lah Fleeced or fleecy, i^yo^ fnu*
sawicif. L/*^***'^ tamoikhir.
Fleer, i?. (deride), ^* | *; ..tl istahia\
Fleet, «. c^L^ S;Ui& ^amdrat mardkib,
UjJ^J donanmd. To fit out a fleet,
<^-^^^ k.^!^ J|>- jahhan mardkib Id
harb.
Fleet. See Swift, Nimble, Quick, Speedy.
Fleet, 9. See Yanish, Disappear, Flow,
Skim.
Fleeting, adj\ jji^**"^^ mudmahal, ^JU
Jl|jJt«irl^assAu;dJ. See Momentary.
Fleetly, Uj^ tforf^ofi.
Fleetness, L^yi.! sur^aL
Flesh, ^ Jn^rn, i%^ luhilm,jJb hdbr.
Flesh dried in the air, Jj ji ib(Ai. A
flesh-hook, (^K iboSfi^. To get into
flesh (grow fat), ^^^^^ semen. Flesh
(carnal desire), i^ ehahwat. Fol-
lowing the lusts of the flesh, ^^
JLjImaD! Cli>t^f£j1 tahi^ ashshahwdi an-
nufi&niyat. One flesh (as husband and
Flesh, V. See Glut, Satiate, Accustom.
Fleshy, i^ar^ i^Atiii, *^ Ml m, a-mms^
/ulm, j^ar^\j^ kaefr ai lahm.
Flexibility, flezibleness, ^yc^\ ^^^
mkdn atta^awumf, ^yi\iAj\j kdbtU-
yat (d ^awj. [ma^inf.
Flexible, flexile, ,«2>^u munhani, t^jbx^
Flexion, flexure, —^ ^wj, J^ mayL
Flexuous, adj. ^^y^ mu^awwqf.
Flier, $• (^3Jf ^^^^^- S^ Fugitire,
Bnnaway. — (in the air),^\L tdyer.
Flier, 8, (of a jack or other engine),
Uj\st^ mu^ddalat, U\£j fakkdlai.
Flight (from danger, etc.), j\ji Jirdr,
f^/b Aarb ; (the general flight or rout
of an army), ^yb haamatf ijJi kae-
rat. To take flight,^ far. To put
to flight (defeat), |«JJh hanam. To
feign a flight or retreat, j\yi\j^\
aahar cifirdr. Flight (flying through
the air), yj^y^ tayardn. Then he
called out to his jounsf men, and said, 0 yonng
men, take the head of this young wretch. So
they took their sworda, and drew them, and
sought to slay him ; hut he turned his hack
in flight, seeking the gate of the palace,
Flightiness, (^j^ tawoih.
^^g^ijf iJW=^ ^kiydh, i^^ wahml.
Flimsy. SeeFriyolous, Spiritless, Trifling.
Flinch, V* JLu ta^aUal.
Flincher, ». jLc^ muta^aUU.
Fling, V. ^^yi kawwae. To fling (as a
horse), \j*ij rafae.
Flint, i^y-^ sawtodn. A flint for a musket,
tinder-box, etc., ^UbA>> ehakmdk.
Flinty, (J^>^ eawtodnl. Flinty hearted,
^^t^f Ji/« ^uii kalbuho mul auawwdr
FLO
(664)
FLO
Flirt, «. (more aboat with quickness),
MjZ tabarram.
Flit, V. (migrate, remove), (Jserj\ irtahal.
See Hove, Flatter, Fly away.
Float, V, (swim), ^U ^d«t; (to overflow),
j^y^ tamawwqj.
Flock, «. wJai katl^ A flock of sheep,
aJlc < jVi5 ^A^ ghanam* A flock of
people, ^U^yamoca^.
Flock together, v. ^j^jcma^.
Flood (delage), ^;^^ tawafdn. The
flood of Noah, -.y u;^>^ tawafdn nUh;
(high water), J^ miK^. The floqd and
ehh of the tide, jjp-j Jl^ mad wajaxr.
Flood, r. i^lL ^d/. See Overflow.
Floor, ^jS^ sahn, i^\^ tdhat, A stone,
hrick, or earthen floor, ]olh haldt. A
floor or story, ^jj^ tabak, il^ tabakat
(pi. jU? ^t^dit), jLLl a^iaifc, icU?!
athakat. The upper and lower floors,
^li^nJIj iLjUySt ^LLlalt attahakut al .
fawkdniyat wal tahtdniyat.
Floral, i^ji^j Mhri>
Florid, yhlj 20 Air.
Floridness, floridity,^^ juiAr.
Florist, «. cf;^^ a%harl, (JIimJ ^M^an!,
Flounce, r. n. ^^J^ ghatoB ; (plange
about in water), ^jJioL ghattat. A
flounce (to a garment), ^JtSj^ kashkash.
Flour (meal), JhJ J ^M, ,j-3r ^aAJw.
Flourish, t^. (as a plant), ybjl mdiar. To
flourish in esteem (to be prosperous),
j^Sjt^Jia 8dr mu^ahar. To flourish
in discourse^ ^Uj tafd8ah\ (to boast),
^^Lj tabaha' ; (to adorn), ^J tayyan.
To flourish a sword, cjLmJI ^II lam-
ma^asaayf.
Flout, p. See Gibe, Mock, InsulL
Flow, V. (as water, etc.), i^j^- j^-
To flow from a source, jt\^ uder,
^ naha^. To flow (as water from a
cistern, etc.), ^j rashah. To floi-
rapidly, JL> «d/. To flow as swot,
iruM^. To ebb and flow, *^^^jj^j^^
wa tnadd. To flow as the waves, ^ o.-
tamawwaf. To flow or wave as hair,
uJJj sa^/. To flow (abound), J^
kaser, ^U fdd. To flow round, i^U'
ahdt. To flow back (ebb),^^^ytfKr
To cause to flow, ijj>' jarr^.
Flow, »• (of tide), tVt »t<»^; (abundance'.
t|^\ tj^d^, ijt^ kasaratm
Flower, «. i^bj tahra (pL <^^|^ eo^oi
The clove jilly-flower, JiJy5 karanfi.
Saflron in flower, ^Lac ^/ur. The
flower of youth, ^^^^^ ^nfawdn. A
cauliflower, ^*fJi^ kamdblL The
flower or best of anything, ^<^1 Ix^
%uhdat ashay. Fleur-de-lisy ^%^
sUsan, Jhf{j tayhak. And I took
shelter in a cftyem until the next mornhie
I then resamed my walking, till I arriTed a:
a flourishing and well-fortified city Tbf
winter, with its cold, had passed away, aci
the spring had come with its floweTi; U:
rivers formed the most enchanting cascadts
and the singing of the birds was truly deligkt-
ful, jJJr J^ ^\ tjMu, ^\ ^J
Flower, t'* r^ snAAor; (to adorn witi
flowers),^^^ jLl shakkal hihakr.
Flowing, adj, ijj^ jdr%. Flowicf:
rapidly, ^JL^ aayaldn. Flowing water,
FLY
(665)
FOI
Elactuate, v. (to be in an uncertain
state, irresolute), -J1 ,^\j ^ j^Mj
^\j iakaUah mm rdy M rdy^ vL^-*
shak; (to roll as the waves), ^^^
tamatotcqf.
Plactoating, flactaant (uncertain), a!t«
lz^Lj mdlaho sabdt. Fluctuation of
■
the waves, ^ry^ tamawwuj\ (uncer-
tainty), ^^\ Aiis. ^adam al kirdr.
Fluency (in speech or writing), X>-lai
fasdJuit,
Fluent,^^^ kaalr, <^U25 fasih.
Fluid, Ju.d Mtfffdl, JjL» 9dy$l, ^U
mdye^
Fluidity, fluidness, iA^ mayd^at
Flurry. See Hurry, Flutter ; Gust, Storm.
Flosh,^^ kaslr. See Copious.
Fluster, v. (intoxicate slightly), jL^\
osHmt,
Flute, s. ij^ij Jidwtoh, i^\j ndy, j\^'^
muasmdr, ^ w ihabhdhat.
Flutter, V. (the wings), <— i^j f^'^fr^ft
<(». l:^ S-^ dardb jand haho \ (to
vibrate), (ji^ khafak, /%U- hdm.
Flutter, fluttering (vibration), l^js^
harakat, \Ji*^j ra^h, J|j-||j talzdl;
(hurry of mind), (^Kki^! idtirdh.
Flux (flowing), ^^j^r Maydn, JL^
sayaldn. Flux and reflux of the tide,
jJp^^*X^ mad u>a jatr ; (a dysentery),
J\f-*1 Uhdh A bloody flax, ^Ij^sj-
AJkIt jaraydn addam ; (confluence),
fj^yiu^ masyal, fj^j^^ ic^^ mtdtaka*
a,Lhrtn. '
Fluxion. See Flux, Flowing.
Fly, p. jlt tdr. To cause to fly, J^
tayyoTn To fly at, 4^ hajam. To
fly (to avoid punishment), ^l^ ^^^^^
khdUoB hdhho. To fly off (revolt,
desert), ^^^«a£ ^eH. To fly (abandon),
•a
il^ iarak, yS^ hajar. To fly for
refuge, ^<fl^^ iUa/a\ To fly to any
person for refuge, ^\ ^^^^ iltajW %la\
Then the Efreet flew'away immediately, and
Meymooneh flew with him to guard him ; and
after they had been ahflent an hour, they re-
turned, conveying the young lady, *j
43JU ^Uj))1 Lil fi ^^j ^^ \Aj^
Fly, B. ijlJj dubhdnat.
Flyer, a. (through the air). Jit tayyer.
Flying, part. ^U^ tayyer; (running
away), /MJf« mahzHm.
Foam, iy£j raghwat. The foam of the
Bea,^^\ iyij raghwat al hahr.
Foam, V. ^j ragha\ Jj ; tahad. And
she proceeded to bum perfumes, and to invite
and conjure, and repeat spells, until the sea
foamed and was agitated, and there came forth
from it a young man of comely form and beau-
tiful countenance, like the moon at the full,
Fob, 8. ^j*i^ kU, Uj wa^.
Fob, 1^. ^Jik£. yhash. See. Cheat^ Elude,
Pat off.
Fodder (dry food stored for cattle), ujsLe
^alaf, ^^luJuiv. kashuh. Fed with
fodder, uJjLc^ ma^uf. To fodder,
^Ir ^alaf. [See Exulting.
Foe,9.j»Xf ^oiii. Exulting foe, iz^'^\J^.
Foetus, 8. ^j^^ janin.
Fog, 8. h\^ dabdhat, ^^ ghaym»
Fogginess, A-«i ghaym.
Fob, 5!^ t(7dA.
Foible, «. U;.^ ^b,jyai kuBUr.
FOL
(666)
rou
Poil, r. (frustrate), c,^rw khayyab. Bee
Defeat, Disappoint, Worst, Bepulse.
Poll, 9. (defeat), iwjib haiamat, f\j^\
inhit&m ; (whatever iUnstrates or ren-
ders another thing brighter), j^ m%-
nawwir.
Foist, V. (insert fraudulently), UlAJ^J^j
L-fl;.a4]1 ^l W^j tawwar ^tbdrdt wa
fuuahahd M al musanmf.
Fold (for sheep), j^iap^ hmlr. A fold
or leaf in a book, i^j^ mattoa* (pi.
4^Ux« maidwl). Two-fold, (»^Li^
muda^af. Three-fold, i^ImI ^]Ij m-
^a^ at^^d/. Four-fold, cJImI ^j\
arha^t ad^f.
Fold, f;. (sheep), ajJiII c^J MmS aZ
ghanam. To fold (cloth, etc.), ^^^
^eiu'a'. Tofoldupaletter, c,jyJUl\uJJ
lafaimakiub. She then folded the letter, and
gaye it to the old woman, saving to her, De-
liver it to him, and say unto him, Abstain from
these words. And she replied, I hear and obey,
Folded, i/^la^ mutwi.
Folding door, ^t^cj^^ t^b h&h hidar
fatein. And we walked to it ; and behold, it
was a pavilion, with lofty pillars and high
walls, having a gate with folding doors, which
was open ; and the door was of ebony,
Foliaceous, ^j^ ^ laho awrdk.
Fbliage (leaves), ^\j^\ oiordL
!^olk, i»y kaum, j;i£»- khalk, ^IL tdy-
fat, JlLJ kahlJat.
Follow, 9. (go after), ^J^ Uhek; (to
imitate), jjj kallad ; (to attend upon
as a dependent), |* Jck khadam ; (to
obey), cU? /d^, J1:l^I tm^Mo/, ^;^«^^
(If ^im. To follow (be busied about),
JkJ^\ imhayhal. To be followed,
Cy^SfA a^kdh. And he said to her, 0
my mother, this paper moat be IbUowed
by complete union or complete aepiitwi,
JUuJt jury JUuil JUr <(..i...
So each of them dressed himself in the richest
of his apparel ; and they went forth, IbUowed
by four slaves, and repaired to the gardes.
Follower, «. ^Ij tdhi^ s^'^^^^ MMb«^
i^^S^ss^ nwhtMJ, ^^ tmUdhi^
Following (going after), ^l:^ mvtdhi^
^^sz^ mtUatdhi^. Following as a
necessary consequence, /OJ^ mtdUum.
And on the following day the King mounted,
together with the lords of the empire and all
the princes ; and all the soldiers walked with
him through the city, and returned, aJ
"SoQlJ,!. i^^jM. 0 nckless in nvelij,
■preading wide the robe of airoganoe! head-
strong in foUiea, and prone to rain imagia-
inga! JjlJt AjljLt ^jS^\ Lfj\
Foment, 9. (cherish with heat), J^
hahhalf ^^j^^- hamma* ; (to bathe with
'warm lotions), ^^s^UjtJ^ix yhnd
himd eukkn; (to support, enooonge,
excite), ijOj^ harrad. To foment
disturbance, iLsj^\ CJf^ harrmk al
fitnat, [ cWf^ '''AM/.
Fomentation, Ju^7 takmldf JU^ Umdd,
POO
(667)
POE
Fond, ^\ JjU mdyil %la\ fJJi»\£. ^d-
Mk, Pond of the oompany of women,
^\yu:^\ ijj^\st^ L^^ft!^ muhib mu^-
aharat al niswdn. Pond of himself,
Fondle, v. ^^^^^^ hadan, ^U ^dnak.
See Caress, Embrace.
Fondler, «. (jL%>y mumalUk,
Fondling, », (person much admired or
caressed), i^yjjs^ maA5il5, fjywju*
Fondly, ^»Jh^ hi^hkm.
Fondness, Jf^ shawk, ^Jmis. ^hk»
Food, iZJy kut, ^Ut ia^dm, \sz^hadd.
And his sister came up to him with some food
aad drink, and chained his clothes, and he
slept. She continued to do thus with him
eTerj day, until the next month commenced,
Fool, 8. uy'^ nu^nUn; (a jester),
HjSf**^ moikhara,
Foolhardine8s,^Jj ^Ji£ ^adam tadbir.
Foolhardy, j^fL^ mutahawwir.
Foolish, ^^"^ majnUn.
Foolishly,^ JJ^ ^^ mmghayr tadhir,
Jif i%hX)U hi^adam ^aU.
Foolishness, ^^Lc gkahdwat.
Foot, «. ^Ji kadam, Jj^j r^7. The foot
of a mountain, ^^^ «a/^. To go on
foot, fJ^ meshl. To be on foot (in a
posture of action ready for anything),
tf -
j»aa^ tahaddar. The sole of the foot,
/%jJ kadam.
Footboy, 8, /^Ifi ghtddm. See Footman.
Footing, Js>-^ ry7; (condition), JU*
h&l, JJi, 8hdn.
Foot-sock, 8. ^y or It^ nuwid.
Footstep, «• i«Ji kadam^ \J^y^ mawia\
Fop, «. ^U- JjS^Jb^mufiakhirfihdliho.
Foppery (vanity, foppishness), ^rUL^
mtf&dAdA. See Polly, Impertinence.
Foppish, Jtb 3d^«2. See Foolish, Tain,
Ostentations.
Foppishly, ^Ltb hdttlan.
For (on account of), jjsj-il /lii;?. For
the love of Gk)d, for Ood's sake, <dl
t'Ai^. For ever, for ever, and for ever,
Uj! J ddyman. For the sake, Jb\^
likhdtir.
Forage, (^JL^ ^tf^i (j^j/Lfw AmAuA.
Forbear, r. (intermit), uJiy tawakkaf;
(to abstain), l,.^!^ tajannab; (to be
patient),^M0 M^^r ; (to be mercifal),
^le. ^JaJ^ 8hafak ^M, *>> • raham.
Forbearance (abstinence), ^^l:JL>-t ^Yt-
ndh, j]/^»-^ ihttrdz, cUi^t mtind^;
(intermission), {^jSy tawakkuf, JUibl
ihmdL See Delay. — (patience), -m^
8abr, fjia^ tahammul ; (leniency,
mercy), <U£»^ morAama^, ^liu^ «Aa-
/a^^, A^^ tarahhum, <Uv>>j roAma^.
Forbid, v. ^»^ tnana^.
Forbidden, c y^iw* mamnH^t^^f^ fnunha\
Ther acquired wealth, both lawfdl and for-
bidaen, but it repelled not fate when the ap-
pointed time of death expired. They led
troops in multitudes, and collected riches, but
they left their wealth and buildings, and de-
parted, ^^ J^ ^ JUH <jL3:>-ji
Forbidder, ^U mdni^.
Forbidding (prohibiting), pari. ^^jOi^
muharrtm, w3U mdni^.
Force (strength), i^ knwat, ij^ kudrat,
j\sii\ iktiddr, iJ^ tdkat-, (violence).
FOE
(668)
FOE
Jiff %tdm, j0^ jabr ; (necessity, des-
tiiiy), ^j^j^ darurat, LaJ kadd, ^ JtA^
muhaddar, c ■^j^n) noHh; (an arma-
znent), jX^uu£ ^a<^. By force, l^-^sj-
jahran, \j^ kahran. I will come to
tbee with forces that shall fill the racant re-
gion, and leave thee like yesterday that has
passed, )L«J ^y^ ^-^^ j^ u,i'^m5
Force (to use), j^ j'ahar; (to impel,
driye), wiJ dafa^; (to overpower),
k^^r. ghdah ; (to storm), ^Js^ hqfatn.
Forced (compelled),j^*«r* majhur; (over-
powered), Cyj^lx^ maghlnh.
Forcedly, \j^ jdbran. See By force.
Compulsively.
Forceless, i^\ ^fi^c ^adim al kutvat.
Forceps, ^K kaUdhat, ^^f^ kdlhatiin.
Forcible, forceful (strong), ^^^ kawl;
(violent), ^f*r. ^an%f. See Impetu-
ous, Vehement. — (done by violence),
lS,^>>- jahri.
Forcibly, ••jjy h%l wawr, \j^ j'ahran,
Ui^ raghman, 1^1jcj|^ Sy kuwattan
wa iktiddran.
Ford, 8. j^ %^Sl^ makta^ fiahr, j^9u%
Ford, v.j^\ ^aS kata^ annahr.
Fordable, ^Vtflv^ yurikati^
Fore, {JJ kahl. See Former, Formerly,
Before. [nosticate.
Forebode, v. J^ tafawwai. See Prog-
Foreboder, «. J^^^ mK^a/a«7tr»7.
Forecast, fj^r^ htuHrat To forecast,
^dkibat alamr. See Foresee, Adjust,
Contrive.
Forecastle (of a ship), L^j^\jiXa aadr
almarkah.
Forecited, ji^tX^il al nuuk^r, jyi^\ «/
mashur, jjb*uA^\ al mastur, ^^^IdbL*!^
al mushdr ilaghi. See Above men-
tioned. Aforesaid.
Foreclose, f^. See Preclude, 'PrevcDt,
Shut up. [nate.
Foredoom, v.j^yi kaddar. See Predesti-
Forefather, <.4X5^/«W(pl. jIjcj-^ afddd).
Forefinger, 8, See Finger.
Forefoot, 8. >»ji kadam.
Forego, i^. (quit, resign), C/p tardk.
Forehead, «. ^;:^f>- jabln, ^^ jtMat,
Lines on the forehead, ^^^^ asrdrm
Foreign (of a different country, not
domestic), ^^^ gharib. Foreign or
contrary to established custom, \ •^'■^
£jUI\ khUdfal ^dat ; (not analogous),
v_ ^«r«^ n^ 1^ ^- ghayr mijmd8%b.
Foreigner, «. ii^-^j^ gharib (pL l^
gkurdbd, ^-^ ^Auri). To become a
foreigner (to travel),^Li 8dfar, ^.^
iagharrah. To pretend to be a foreigner,
(.^ -c a!1>> Ji«4X ^amalhdlaho gharih.
Having a foreign air, or behaving in
a foreign manner, i^Jc»*M^ mustagkrah.
Foreignness, l)j£- ghurhat; (without anal-
ogy),iA3\y^\ ^<Xc ^adam al muwdfaiei.
Forejudge, v. liL) a^1>- hakam 8ala/am.
See Prejudice.
Foreknow, c^. ^^J;^^ (j^ 8abak taa^fref.
Foreland, «. ^\j rd8. See Cape, Head-
land.
Foreleg, 8. l,.>^v«^ mankah, cV^J stird^.
Forelock, 9. ^m^U nd8iyat (pi. ^<^^y
nai(7d«f).
Foreman, «• ^juuJj roy^. [Jb^.
Foremast, <• ^^^jiiS l^j^ tori dlmmr^
Fore-mentioned. See Foreoited, Before
mentioned.
FOB
(669)
FOE
Foremost, /%Jjt akdam, J^l awioal. To
go foremost, /^sij tdkaddam. See
Precede. [mentioned.
Fore-named. See Forecited, Above
Forenoon,^|is]l J.J hall al suhr.
Forensic (belonging to courts of justice),
ll\jji\ ^^jJ^ ^\ t-jywJ^ tnamuh da*
dlwdn al ^addlat, [tinate.
Fore-ordainy v. See Pre-ordain, Predes-
Forepart, ^UJlL* mtikaddamat.
Foreiecited. See Forecited, Above
mentioned.
Foreran, r. ^J^ tabak.
Forerunner, «. j;jLa tdhik. The fore-
Ml
runner of good news,yMk^ mubaahhir,
Foresay, v. See Foretel.
Foresee, v-J^^ (j^ sabak wa ruaar*
Foreseen, ULij^lax^ mafaUr talafan.
Foreshow, v. See Foretel, Prognosticate.
Foresight (prudence), ij^i^ hoiirat, Jlc
^kl, j0Li3^1 ihtiy&t\ (prescience),
Ja«7 ta^kktd.
Foreskin, 9, cLlf ghdlaf.
Forest, «. (^.^^/^ A»>«A, X^li gh&bat.
Forester, 9. (officer of a forest), ^J^'^j^
i/*j^^ toardiydn al hirah.
Foretel, v. ^^fatakfdl.
Forethought, ij^^ haairat.
Foretoken, v. ^^^ tanahba\ See Prog-
nosticate, Presage.
Foretooth, «. ^\jJi\ ^\:^ainan alkudddm.
Forewarn, v. f^ nasah. See Admonish,
Caution.
Forfeit, «. i«|^ ffhardmat, i*iy>- jarl-
mat. See Fine, Mulct, Penalty.
Forfeit, v. ,j>-jaram, k^ dabat. See
Confiscate.
Forfeitable, L^dtl cu^ taht addabt.
Forfeiture, i^JjS^ jarlmat See Forfeit.
Forgave (jMret o/forgiYe),jis> gha/ar.
Forge, «• (for iron work), ^^ Mannar,
jljksr^l cjW'^^ at^a^ a/ hadddd. See
Furnace.
Forge, t;. (with a hammer), ^Li^lsuSb jj
d!ai& ^»7 matraka ; (to falsify), ^jj mw-
war ; (to make), f^A^c ^amal. To forge
a lie, ii^ (— ftv«^ sannaf ktshat. To
forge a deed, uXuu^t jJj ^o^oii a/
Forgedyj jiU mtaaunoar. Anything forged,
mm
Forger, '•j9/« muMwioir.
Forgery (falsification), JuIiJ iaklidfj^j
zur,jij\J tasiwir, [bdUho,
Forget I?. ^j«J nni, i\\j ^j^ ^\j rdh min
Forgetful, ^^\j ndsty ^u««j naaydn.
Forgetfulness, ^UamJ niaydn.
Forgetfully, \^ aahwan, UyJ iMwyan.
Forgive, v.jis. ghafar, ^ aafah. Thou
wfu wont to manifest an affection for me, and
to desire my friendship, and fear the greatness
of my power. Be not, then, rancoroos to-
ward me for that which I have done onto thee ;
for he who has the power (to pnnish), and yet
forgiyeth, will recei?e a recompense nrom God,
(may His name be praised !) \jl^ UjI
^ ir^^ J^ Uiij j^ ^J^ dX*^
^[mj M. See Pardon.
Forgiven, ^ jy^ mughfur laho.
Forgiveness, S^iM maghfarat, yLc ^/n,
.U^ aamdh. And we ask thy for-*
fiyeness should our frailty betray us into am-
iguities, as we ask thy forgiveness should our
steps advance to the verge of improprieties,
ci^lJU^l LL^ ^1 cul^i. Be
FOB
(670)
POB
not angry with me for my fonncr offences ; for
fbi^Tenesfl U required of the generous, and
kind actiouB are among the best treasures with
which one can enrich oneself and how beaati-
ful is the saying of the poet, Haste to do good
when thou art able, for at CTcry time and
occasion thon hast not the power to do so,
^ ^^^\ ^^j * Mjli*. ^]/^\
Porgiver, «r j^ ghafHTyjAs. ghaffar.
Forgot, forgotten, ^^*»*:^ muma'.
Fork, B. isjjh forketta, K^ shatciah.
Forlorn, J^*^^ tnakh%ul, CS*/^ matrak.
Form (figure, shape), jLl shakl (pi.
^}\L^\ ashk&l), ijys iHrat (pi. jya
tuwar), L^\i kdlih; (order, stated
method), ^}\y>^mantodl, ifiXelS kd^idat,
i^^\ uslnh, uy U kdnUn, aUij nwdtn,
/^^iaaj\ tntizam, c^J tartfh, Ez-
r , /
terior form, fjbll? ifj^ «flra^ ndkirat*
The interior form, ^U^ Matin, ijy>c
LLU «ura^ hatinat. The exterior and
interior form,^^lj^yJ^lb %ahir wa hdtin.
The form or essential modification of
man, ^j^\ ^a^^ aasifat al liUhariyat,
The form of anything delineated on
paper, etc., m^j rasm. A form (mould).
L^\ihalih. Elegant form, J^JCLxt^^Jj
kad wa t^tddl. And while -the Lady
Bnnya stood there, she looked aside, and saw
him, and obserred the beauty of his &ce and
his elegant form, l-^^ i«X^\ \.4^'»,«^*i
Form, V. (make), J-«^ ^mal ; (shape),
jpj^ Muwari (to arrange), Jaj na%am;
(to contrive), ^^;:^^ ithtara^.
Formal (precise), ci^Ul^ l^.^<vU idhib
iakaUufai; (methodical), ^}^ (J^^y*
vmwdfk tffTMm, jyuoji^ J^^ ■»«^"
l%k addustur, ^f\&\ ji\y^ mmwdfik
al kdnHn.
Formality, ij-i-y io\£' ^dat rtumufat.
Formally (according to established rules),
^Ka^j raman, ^y^^ O^^y^^fijri *•
naw^ muwdfk al kdnun; (ce^emon-
iously), uJiO Jij hOol taOlf.
Formation, ^jj»jO tahioinj ^^J i^rbh,
is^S^ khalkat See Creation.
Formed, Jjl^r^WflitWfiit, ^y*3^«i««t«^,
j^a^ mutawwar. A former, jy>o^
musawwir.
Former, fjAa »dhik, aSa^ mMiaddm$,
Former times, ^U^ U^J"^^ anaman
oiBdhik. Formerly (in former times),
Uj^ WMkaddaman.
Formidable, s.^^^ muhib, 4«i%s^
mukhawwif. See Terrible, DreedfiDl,
Tremendous, Powerful.
Formidableness, L^ hayhait ^V* ^"^
hdhat, ijb^ satwatf ilyo 9awluL
Formidably, ^UJ> J^ hikol haybat.
Formless, ij^ h hUd silrai, jCl^ ^^
min ghayr skakl.
Formulary (book of models, regulntiosis,
laws, etc.), J-wJ^^^ J doBi^ al ^tmal
<uU ^y^ kdnun ndma.
Fornication, Uj %%nd. A fornicator, ^^J
sdnf. A fornicatress, iu3^J wSniyat^
SjL^\i fdhishat, ^LjU fdsikai.
Forsake, v. CS/ turak,jjs^ hffar. To
forsake a habit, i?oUI\ J^ tevib d
fddat.
Forswear, v, *mJ kasam, t— p1/w ^oia/.
Fort, fortress, «. ^iJi ib/^a^, ^2;<a^ Mm
(pi. ^^yo^ AtMfln). To retire to a
FOB
(671)
FOR
ib/^«. The gate of a fort, ^bilill uJo
Forth (abroad), ^^U khdrij\^\^^%ahi-
nm. To bring forth children 0r joungy
kZJiii^ wtddat To set forth (describe),
j^\ oihar, i^S>fi^ uHuaf. To sally forth,
Mjs^hajam. Forthcoming,^ l>^Ad(^tr.
To be forthcoming, j^assT tahaddar.
From this time forth, 1 J^l^ ^\ ^
min dldfk waed^tdan, Jou t« ^ fltnd
ha^d. And so forth, (VM!^ wMdki.
Forthright (in a right line), Jaaer
i^ly^ hikhattin mutawdMH. Forth-
with, J U!l^/lttd/.
Fortieth, f^^j^ arhu^n.
Fortification (the science of fortifying),
UAtHn. A fortification, (rampart, etc.),
^L:j httnydn, A strong fortification.
Fortify, p. (make strong), 4^^ Jtawwa* ;
(with ramparts, etc.), ^j«a»» AoMtfn;
(to defend, protect), ^\^ hdma\
Fortified, ^yos:^ mdhiiin^ t*f^^^ ^*^
hoisan, [ieXs^ tkajd^L
Fortitude, ijL*^ jasdrat, ijLa aaldhat,
Fortnight, «. ^jMa>p^ Jum^ailn,
Fortress, s. See Fort, Fortification.
Fortnitons, i<^j^ ^rii, ^j^ ^adl,
JU51 itiifaki.
Fortoitoasly, liUjf iitt/dhm.
Fortunate, Ju^c.^ sa^d, i^yt^*^ mat^iid,
^It t^.-^ffc-Lg «aAti ^/t^, (Jfi£^ mtfi^-
M, C^^icv* maftilAil^. The fortunate
islands, fJL^\ji\^\^\jai\ {tjjiM&yer al
kmiddt.
Fortunately, Ijuujj Ua»- Aossan u^ma^-
Fortune, c^^^ki) iMMli, tj^^iaT 3ai^,
^\k <d/i^. Good fortune, ijliuj
M^dio^. Bad fortune, L 5<f/^. A
man faYoured by fortune, %1 U? Ci^^r^Lg
idMb idli^ Fortune (possessions),
JU m&l (pL iji\y\ amwdl), ^jjj rizk
j^pl* J^j/ ar%dk). To tell fortunes,
*ap najjam. A fortune-teller.
mafm|2;»ffi. How many wretched persons do
not taste any rest ! and now many are in Inzmy,
resting and enjoying themselres in the shade !
I flna myself ami^ed hy great trouble, and
strange is my condition and heavy is my load :
others are happy, and enjoy proeperitY without
knowing what adyersitv is. Fortune nas neyer
for a single day loaded any one with a load
like mine : fortune has granted to others to be
blest with happiness and honour throughout
the course of life, as well as with meat and
drink. All men whom God hath created had
the same origin : this man is mj counterpart,
and I am the counterpart of this other ; hut
between us is a difference as ^reat as that
which exists between wine and yine^. Yes,
in saying this, I do not murmur against Thee,
0 my God, for Thou art wise, and with justice
Thou hast judged, )b ^JLJ^ ^ a-O
JJ.
JcJl^ lii-jU ^Is^ ^j ♦l<^2l^ ^^3
J/ ■" ^^
* Jjuu. Probably Fortune will turn
her rein, and bring happiness and proaperite ;
for Fortune is naturally changeable. My ae-
sires may be crowned with success, ana my
wants satisfied, and the most happy eyents
may follow and replace adyersity,^^AM£.
FOXT
(672)
FOU
Forty, ^jfMj\ arht^ln, (^^j\ arhi^n.
Foram, s. (public place), ^^ J^ middn.
Forward, aIjj kidddm; |*t«l amdm;
(zealous, warm), ij^ \__-"-^y» «£Ai^
ghlrat\ (presumptuous), ji^fL^ muta"
hawwir; (impudent), L>-]b hUdhayd;
(premature), J^^ ^'^h t)?^ t^^^*
Forward fruits,^ hikr^j^ hukur;
(anterior), ^iJj kadim, aJ^ mukad-
dam, J^t awipal»
Forward, i7. >• jj kaddam ; (despatcli as
a letter), (^j\ artal; (to patronize),
Forwardly, Uj^mi »<irt^an, «tLs:*\ ^Lc
Forwardness (ardour), ij-^ ghlrat\
(quickness), Izj^ sur^t; (earliness),
^J-jKT^ tacfilf AJuK^ ^jalat.
Fosse, «. (ditch), JJC^ hhanddk.
Fossil, «. (mineral), (Jjm^ ma^fianf.
Foster, r. d^lS huty ^j rahhl. See
Nurse, Feed, Support, Encourage,
Educate.
Fosterer, ^^^ murahhl.
Foul (dirty) ^/^^ ft^Vs ; (abominable),
if 9^ fnakrHhf ^S karih; (wicked),
xAi fdsid, ^JLl shaki, ^^^ kdblh,
*-r^.r*^ »iacy u5 ; (not legal), ^j^jt^-
ghayr shar^ ; (gross, corrupted), Juili
fdiid. A foul action, ,^l^ J^^x ^mal
kahlh. Foul-faced, Jii:Ji\ <U^ karlh
al manzar. To fall foul (to reproach),
^j ioahhakh; (to come to blows),
lyjLij taddrabu. To run foul (to
dash together, as ships, etc.), l^jLoJ
tasddmu.
Foul, V. jjyk^aT najJM.
Fouled, <^»*2cu« munajjas.
Foulness, i^\a^ najdsat, ^^ woiokk;
(villany), ^Li kabdhat, ij\Aj^ akaka-
wat, ^lik^ thand^.
Found (jMrt. o^find), ^^y mawfud.
Found (lay a foundation, etc.), wJ*
(jmLiJI wada^ al asas, ^^t^ hmoi;
(to build), ^^ hana\j^9^ ^amtnar;
(to establish), i^^^^n) nasah.
Foundation, «. ^U:>j ^nydn, iJ^cl ««/,
(jmLiI assds. From the foundation,
(juwLJl^i^ min al Oidt, Making w
laying a foundation, (jmLJI w^j iMidk«
a/ asds. Foundations, cii^L:L»f oidsdL
Charitable or eleemosynary foundations
(as colleges, hospitals, etc.)^ i-iUJ
awkdf, di^UM*^- hasandL Fonndatios
(origin), J^l mI, \Sij\ ibiidd.
Founded, jy^J^ ma^Ur, ^jit^y mu-
09908. Well-founded (true), -^^j
^\Ji\ rdtikh al 09d8, ^^Ji^ ^K
rdsikh al arkdn, ^U^l ^j; rdiikh al
lunigdn.
Founder, s, (builder), ciV ^^**'» ^Uji^
mu^mdr, u»*^y muo8su; (one from
whom' anything originates), cJu
muhdi^.
Founder, v. (sink as a ship), j
Foundry, ». <^^-— r nuuhak.
Foundling, $. kJS ^i^f^
Fountain, *. ^J^ ^ayn (pi. ^^ t^y*"''
«^^Jm« manba^, & ^*:j ya9i&a^(pl.^^l:i^
ytfiidMc.); (a jet or spout of water),
^l^ jLm» «M(^t9An ; (original, first
cause), JmpI a«/, Im^x^ monahd, \j>^
tnuhdd. The fountain of life,
^L^l ^oyw a/ hogdh.
Four, £ujl orha^. The spaoe of four
years, ^^;::>:mi ijUj\ arbo^t sinln. The
PRA
(673)
FEA
space of four monihB,j^\ Isuj^ arha^at
ashhur. The space of four days, ^j\
^\j\arha^iayffdm, Eoor-sqaare, w^
murabha^. A foor-sqoare figare; 4^^
^^y thaUtarhl^, Foor-fold, i^j\
i^\xj\arha^aiad^df. Thefoorqaarten
of the world, ij^L^\ c\jj\ isOj\ or-
ha-M arhd^ dl maskUfuiL Fourscore,
^j^\aj samdnin. Four hundred, ^^1
HA^ arha^ mdyat. Four thousand,
uJ^l iMj\ arha^ai aldf»
Fourteenth, ^^Aif ^\j rdhi^ ^har.
Fourth, s» wjU rdhi^, omSj rdht^L A
fourth part, ^j rub^
Fourthly, \x)\j rdhi^an.
Fowl, s.jJb tayr.
Fowl, v,jy2a Ju^ tasayyad iuyUr,
Fowler, «. JIL0 8ayydd,j^Ai\ju^ sayydd
attwfur. Then she entered that palace and
took a Tiev of its paintings, and saw the birds,
the fowler, and the pigeons, li^^L^J ^
Fox, «• u,.^U) sa^ldb (pi. v.^Uj 9a^d'
lib). A fox-hunter, L^^Jjdlt jL^
aaydd asia^lab.
Fraction,^«u^ koir. Fractions of integral
numbers, JJuJ1j|^m^ kiuur al ^adad.
Fracture, ij^ kawat. To set or con-
solidate a fracture, y<c^y((»dW.
Fracture, v,jt*S koior.
Fragile, jm(\^ munkaifr.
FragiUty, dS\jJ nazdkat, jlXHl Uj\j
kdbHiyat al inkiidr. See Frailty.
Fragment, «. i^ hawat.
Fragrance, l-.^ lib, ^^fawhf)ae. ^utr^
iJ^ nafhU (pL iJL^^ nafhdt). To
diffuse fragrance, ^ na/ah.
^V
''•J^^
Fragrant, JbM^ ma^attar. And I became
immersed in sleep, enjoying that sweet zephyr
and the fragrant odours. c^ycL«j^ jj^
Fragrantly, \a::^3 fdyhan.
Frail, <Jli/3»f, J^jip^ tO** *^^\ ''^®"'"
f£7d/, c,ajtr4> da^ffj^S^^ muniasir. A
frail, Jt:>^J suin^!/.
Frailness (frailty), Ui /anS, t^cJ ducf.
Human frailty, I3 JLJt i/uJti\ cam
du^ al tahUat al bashariyat.
Frame, r. (make), J^/*^ ^mal, ^ji^
waffak\ (join, adapt, fit), (J^f* See
Make, Compose, Form, Settle, Contrive,
Plan, Fabricate, Invent.
Frame, '-J^^^ barwdz. Frame of mind,
Jb\^\ JU- hdl al khdtir; (a mould),
^^\jkdUb; (aborder),£*^U- AdsAi'ya^.
Framer, *. (JV bdnl, J>£\p^ jd^U.
France, ^Uj|^ ^/-dn<a.
Franchise, »UU^ mu&d/dA. To enfran-
chise, »\iU^ ^L^t« manaAaAo mu^d/dA.
Frangible. See Fragile, Brittle.
Frank (liberal), ^^ karlm, ,*^ 9akhi ;
(open, sincere), ^^^^LsT* mukhlii,
Frank (liberally), Uj^ kariman, Jio
jjlsr* 3iito^ sakbdwai; (sincerely),
I^Jlst^ mukhlisany ^a^^a^ J^ hikol
hakikat.
Frankness (generosity), M^karam^ i^Kir^
sakhdwat; (sincerity), ^1>-1 ikhlds.
Frantic, m^jm,^ mtuaraam, ^y^^ ffMJ'
nun; (enraged), L^ydi. ghadub.
Fraternal, ^f»^\ akhawi. Fraternally,
^\^i\ Jl^ misl al akhwdn.
Fraternity, iiy>\ akhwiyat, i\^\yt
muwdkhdL
Fratricide, i\^\ JiM kdtil akhdh.
43
FBE
(674)
PBE
Fraad (fraudnlence), ^ mukr^ itod^
ihadi^, jijj^ tatwHr^ ^Ju>> hUat^
Fraudfuly fraudolent, j\L« mdkk&Tfj^j^.
Praudukntly, IL^lj hH hllaU
Fraught (fall stored), ^ysi^ nuuhhUn;
(laden), J^**^^ mahmuL [Fight.
Fray. See Brawl, Boil, Battle, Duel,
Freak, freakishness, JUsL khiffdl, ^
wahm.
Freakish, ^^j^j wahnil, l^W^ thiffiJi,
See Capricioasziess, Whimsical.
Free (not a slaye, at liberty), ^^ hurr,
j^j»-\ dhrdr (fern, ij^ hurrtU) ; (guilt-
less), ijji hari\ (permitted), J)U.
haldlf \j^s>'j^ murakhkhat; (open,
ingenuous), Jjl^ tddik; (common,
public), /«l£ ^dm, (^Y^A ^mikmf vI^luL*
mtuhdrah, {iSj^JL^ mmhtwak.
Free, r. (set at liberty), ^^\ atlak,
Free -hooter, «. See Bobber, Plunderer.
Free-born, J^Ht^ hurr al otL
Free-cost, ^js>-^ hild kharf,
Freedman, t. fjtfi>^ ^atik (fern. Ja^^
^atlkai).
Freedom, hj^^ hurriat, ^Jsx. ^atk.
Freely (at liberty), ijj?- Ji> Hkol
hurriat; (without restraint), ^^l^
U^\^ hit taw^ ul ridd.
Freeman, 9.j^ hurr.
Freeze, v. jJi^ jammad\ (to be frozen),
dkAJsf\ injamad.
Freight, v, (load a ship), c--^^ (J^^
wasak fnarkah ; (to let out a ship for
hire), ^^^^ Jj^ kdwal markab.
Freight (cargo), dA^^ woikai ; (the price
paid for shipping goods), ^jSy nawlun.
A freighted ship, J^U^ S-'-'V* ^"^^^
mukdtodt, [jtdtci.
French or a Frenchman, 4/^^««*^ ^hm-
Frenzy, ^^^ jtmHn, jX^ Mndai.
The frenzy of love, ^JJSitjiS ^y>>-
Juniln al ^hk. Frenetic. See IVantie.
Frequency (often happening), ij^kaarai^
j\Jj tihrdr. Frequency, freqneuee
(conoourse),^^^ f*^ Z""*^ IcAr.
Frequent, JJ^ mutaraddtd^ t^^^J^
koilr al wakHL^j^^ mukarrar.
Frequent, v. (visit often), jJt»\£. ^citAcr»
^Jue Jft>^ taraddad ^M. To be fre-
quent (happen often), ijJi^j\y\ ^^^a^-
hatal amrdr koHrat ; (to be namerons),
ji^ keier. A place which one fre-
quents, ^)Jo^ J^=^ mahaU mairid.
Frequenter, «. ^A^ J J^ muimrmdHi
^ala\
Frequently, {Zj\iyl\j^\ akiar al mpkdiy
ij^ j\j^\ amrdr koHrai, l^ow the
daughter of that King lored that idol; ibe
Died to adore it rery frequently, and was
assiduous in her worship of it, vr^^«
Fresh (cool), J«b 3dnJ; (green, on-
faded), ij\j tdsa, ^^Jb tori, ^_'^j
ratih; (new), JjJ^jadld; (vigorous^
^^y kawl ; (fasting), ^A^ adyim.
Fresh water (not salt), ^i^-t* md halu.
A fresh egg, ij\j ^Lo*^ hay da tdaa.
Freshen, v. (make fresh), ajlj ^J^twc ^mm/
Freshness, i^]Jo tardwai; (coolness), i^
Fret, 9, (on the finger-board of a guitar,
etc.), <U*^..^ malnuuat; (fennentatioA
of liquors),^;«Aa^ takhmlr; (agitation
of mind), i^\Ja^\ idtirdb.
TBI
(675)
FBI
Fret, V. (make angry), c^^'^r ghtddah ;
(to be angrj), u,.^>fflr. gh§ithi (to be
worn), wUaj toMta^; (to eat airay),
J^l Ab/, fj^ lakoi. To fivt (as
liqaors), j^^s^s^A iihtamar.
Fretful, ^yA& ghadikb, UyvaiJ!^^
FretfoUj, c^];la^b It idtirdh, ''Lai
ghadaban, ^i,, ^rit> hi ghadabin.
Fretfolness, i^^..w3£ yAoifoa, ^^1^1
idtirdh, ^ y^wi.
Friable, (jlLJb AmA.
Friability, ^LuJb JIm^«^,
Friar, «. c.^\; rd^tS.
Friction, C<9- Aaifc, tULLssT tahtlk,
fjljij tafiik, s^yu iamrikh.
Friday, ^UmjctI a^ gawm qffum^i.
Fried, ^Jla^ mukli.
Friend, t, k— >%s-^ mtiAtii, y-^^'v- ^13,
JUij fw/l*, Ji Jup toift^, J-U. khahl,
V— >%>'l^ fdAtJ. A sincere friend,
j^jL c,.^^r^ muhib tddikf y^-^*^
(^;Jl^ mtiM SHfifcA/M. An old friend,
^Ji Sm^^^>-\^ idhih kadlm, A dear
friend, 'j \c ^.^.^-Ug fdAti coi^. A
fEilse friend, c^ jl^ v,..^-«»-L0 fdAt^Jtoi »5.
When my wealth iaileth, no friend aasiiteth
me ; but when it aboundeth, all men are mj
friends. How many enemies, for the lake of
wealth, have consorted with me ! and my com-
panion, in the time of want, hath abandoned
■a ••
joi jjx ^^j^U^ ^^i-^U JU11 JjJ
JIU. JUJl
Friendless, -^^^s^^^ muhtdj, ^jAL* mufiii.
SeeDestitate, Helple88,Poor,'Wretched.
Friendly, ^Usr^ Umuhahhaif ^\j^ jLi
btiol tad&kat, L^^^ Jiu hikol stMat.
Friendsbip, <Ucr^ muhabbat, i^y mu-
waddaif !i\xa »addkai. Intimate
friendship, iii\ td/at, jlsrt ittih&d,
Matual and sincere friendship, iJ oLo^
mmddakaty iAKss^ mukhdla$at^ L>sr^
i^j^JL^ mnhMat muthtarakat, JUUl^
muid/at, dJLA^JjjB^ muhabbat hakl--
bat.
Frigate, t. ij\^ji fregdta.
^nghty J^ hawl^ uJ^ khawf.
Frighten, v, ujj.^ khawwaf^ H-^J
ra^^. Bee Terrify. Frightened,
mukhawufaf. And she was
htened and alarmed at him, and the paper
from her as she went forth from the door
in alarm, cL>%<uy ^U^ us>-csfJJl JJ^
u\
cT*
mukhaf. A frightful
'J uHifh tnuhul.
;. JC hikol
Frightful, «.
figure, J^
Frightfully, ^^j\^^
khawfin wa irti^dsh,
Frightfolness, uJ^ khawf.
Frigid (without warmth), J^b bdrid;
(nnaffectionate), £L^\ m^jx. ^adlm ul
muhahbctt. Frigid in constitution, J;b
^1^1 bdrid at mitdj.
Frigidity, frigidness (want of heat), i*^jji
burHdat; (want of affection), Z^s^ aS&
^adam muhabbat ; (frigidity of consti-
tution), ^^f i^^ji burHdat al migdj\
Frigidly (coldly), irj^y Ji^ hikol bum-
dot; (unaffectionately), i^^s^j^ ^
min ghagr muhabbat ; (impotently),
ij^j!^ ^ m^ ghagr kUwat.
P^ringe, ^JlLuS kashkash. The fringes
of a head-dress (also round garments),
CL^lSlsr* aqfdkdt.
Fringe, r. d^UUr' J^x ^amal $ajdkdt.
Fringed, (jJfi*^ mutajfak.
FRO
(676)
FRO
V ha-
Frippery (old clothes),
wdyej ^tdk.
Frisk, r. la} nattj jXi kama^
Friskiness, i^Lirul ibtisdtn, ^^f^\ ibiihdj,
^jsfarah. Bee Chdety, livelinees.
Frisky, ^J<^^ farhan, jfjif***^ matrilr.
Frith, 8, (of the 8ea),jli^ hilghdz. See
Straits.
Fritter, #. ^^J^ ijt^ t^fi*^ mukll.
Fritter, v. See Mince, Crumble.
FriyoloQS, ^JiJL^lj hda ma^\ JJ^b
hdtil.
Frivolously, (J^V#^y^ hinaw^n hdtQ.
Frivolousness, ^Ji^^ btUldn,
Frizzle, v.^kmJI ilfyi^ ka^ioak tuhsha^.
Frock, s, C^\ji/rdk. [^dafadi^.
Frock, s. ^JJL^ dafda^ (pi. cjUj
Frolic, *. — L* moiA, -ffT/f* tahrfj\ (frolic-
some), ^ytj ha%hiUh, yjs^**^ mwkhin,
r:j^ Muharrij.
From, ^ ^OM, ^ tnin. From me,
jj^ft caimf, ^^i^ mmni. From thee,
CC*^ minnak, (iXve- cannak. From
him, ^L:w« mtmi^, ^^:x ^annaAo. From
her, l^ tninkd, l^xc ^aitAa. From us,
IL« mmnd, He ^nnd. From you, ^^^1:^
mm^tfrn, Jo>£ ^nkum. From them,
^»f^ minhunif ^»^ ^anAum. From
another, 2r^ ^ mm ghayraho. From
fill antiquity, a^Jj jj^ mtn kadfm.
From all eternity, Jjl^ ^ tnin alazal.
From the beginning, \sxji\ ^^ min al
ibtidd. From top to bottom, {j^^^\ ^
c^^^l _l\ mt'n arrd9 %la^ al ^kh.
From infancy, XJ^aLII ^j^ mm attifu'
liyat. From that time, CX! J ^^
^^jj^ mm sa/t'A atsMtndn, From
wi^ming till evening, Jl ^'--J' ^j^
LiM^il mm auahdh Ha* abnaad. From
remote ancestry, ^J^ ^ M o&Aaii cm
jiddm. From day to day, ^\ ^^ ^^
^^ mm yawm tTo* yatom. From above,
^ J ^ mtin /airA. From below, ^^
Viiu^ar mm iM, From without, ^w«
^jli^t min alkhdrij. From within,
Jf^-lj ^^ mm ddkhU. Prom a£ir,
Jlju jj.^ mm 3a&fii.
Front, V. (forehead, q, v.\ j^;--^ johin,
^Lf^ jabhat. The front or fore part
(of anything), /^\*y3 kuddm. The froDt
of an army, ^^Ai^jpf X« J^ miukaida-
mat qjjfayih, ^^ti\ ^\j3 kuddm al
^askar. The front of a buildiBg,
^UjiII i^^ fffofh al ^mdrat. In the
front, (JjVa^ mukdhH, a\jJ kuddm. k
front and rear, u,ol"w^/»^Ji ^^ m»
kuddm wa kluUf. Having a bold front
(impudent), J^ tcakih. Front to frtmu
JjIL« mukdbil.
Front, V, (confront, of^pose), JjU kdhi.
To stand in front, J^liU Jm kazoi
mukdbil.
Frontier, «• .X^ had (pi. J^Jo^ hudud^.
Beyond the frontiers, J^«X^1 U^ inifd
a/ hudud.
Frontispiece, s. c^U^ /«^ oi kuddm albdh
^jUjJI ^b»-^ fro; A a/ ^mdrat. The
frontispiece, title, etc. to a book or let-
ter (which in the East are in general
highly ornamented), ^y^ ^nwcii,
^^LjJ dlbdjat.
Frontlet, 9. ^j^^^ iLoe ^asbat aj^'aMM,
Afront8tall(of abridle), jLlU hdMid.
See Headstall.
Frost, jJ^ jahd.
Froth, i^j raghwat The froth <^r acuic
PRU
(677)
FUL
which runs over a boiling pot, ^lik
tafdhatf ijsic tafinU.
Froward, c,,>^f. i^hadui, u^Ar;,^ trnd-
kaUib, Ju:x conld, jJjJL ihaflr.
Frowardness, i^^»ne^ ghadah, u^^Jlaj
taiaUub, ^^! J^ raddwat, jlxc ^ndd.
Frown. «• i iMi*^ cobaa*
Frown, 3. A.,Mir ^ahsai. [^oiiU.
Frowningly, ait;. ^/M^fC /^^ ^* wqfhin
Frozen, iVi^^l^ munjamid.
FnictiferonB, fractnonsy frugiferou8,^.4i/t
mu8mir,j^\i sdm(r. To fructify, j^\
iumar ; to bear fruity j\aj\ J^i^ hamal
asmdr, [mu^tadih
Frugal, J^ JuJb) %ahld ul aU, J J&x^
Frugally, t— iu^y Jij ]^i^/ ^a^A«^/.
Frugality, J^l if jU^ saAdd^^ iJ akl.
Fruit (product of a tree, etc.) j^ 8amr,
5j^ samarat, i^\3 fdkihat (pi. i^\^
fawdkt) ; (advantage), ^a3 no/'^, if*x^^
fdyidat, ijd:^ manfa^at (pL «JL^
TTkind/S^), ifjU:u^f Utifddat* Fruits,
j\aj\ tumdr. And there were in the
island frnitB in abundance, and eprin^ of fresh
water. I therefore ate of those fruits ; and I
ceased not to continue in this state for many
days and nights, i^\^ ^jij^^ »V \J^y
^JJ^ Jlc Jjl ^j ^^\^\ C^ ^ J^t
Fruitage (fruits of rarious kinds), ^Uj\
kryT»^ atmdr muianatowi^t.
Fruiterer, «. ^ty cllj hayyd^fawdJci,
Fruitful, y4l« fmimttir.
Fruitfully, ij^ j\Aj\ihi tumdrin kaArat.
Fruitfulness, ^L^jI umdr.
Fruition, s^jou tatarrafy wcJ tana^i^um,
tamaitu^ i!La\y muwdsilat.
TrmiimBfjAt^j^ ghayr nmsmir ; (with-
out advantage), JMU^ h hUd manfa^tj
lSi\jii hild fdyidat, Jh\i hdtil
Fruitlessly, itb hdtUan, J^\j^ ^^
min ghayr atmdr, ijJtJ ^^^^ m*^ dun
tamarat. [tumn.
Fruit-time, uJj^^l alkharif. See Au-
Fruit-tree, «• ij^i^L^ iyS^ tajarat tnus-
m A
mirat (vulg. for ^^j^)*
Frustrate, v. ^j>- haram, c,^^ khayyah,
Jikfi^ kKoMol, See Disappoint, Defeat,
Baulk. [makkzuL
Frustrated, (*^j^^ mahtHm, J^j^sr^
Fry, V. ^^ kola*.
Frying, t. lAsJ takliyaf, ,Jj kail.
Frying-pan, ^^i^-U? tdjin, f^iS^ mukldye,
^^A^ mukla\
Fuddle, V. (make drunk), iLil atkar;
(to be drunk), ^^^ tek&r*
Fuddled, ^]/^ aakrdn. See Drunk.
Fuel (for fire),. 4JL>- hurdkaL
Fugitive, ^jC coridi, ^::^\jj^ ghayr
mm
tdhai. See also Yolatile, Unsteady,
Wandering.
Fugitive, «. i/;|/* firdri. See Deserter,
Fugitiveness, (J:.^L2J1 mJ^ ^adam ossahdL
See Volatility, Instability, Uncertainty.
Fulfil, V. (accomplish), ^^ tammam ; (to
fill full), Jis. ^ahha\
Fulfilled (completed), ^^as^ mutammam ;
(fiUed fuU, full fraught),
mumtali.
Fulfilling, jMir^. ^X^^ mumll, [dour.
Fulgency, fiilg^dity, fulgour. See Splen-
Fulgent, fulgid. See Shining, Glittering.
Full, ^JLt maldn, ^^J::^^^ mumtalU Full,
full-fed (saturated with meat or drink),
^U-w2» $hab^dn. Full weight, J^''^
FUM
(678)
FUB
^jjlf iamil al warn. To be too fall
and overflowing, J^ U/eJL Full of
flesh, ^^^^^^•'^ samin. Fall of wisdom,
^uX». ^Jjm»^ munUah hikmtft. Il heart
full of envy, f Jmm>- ,«Ix4m« Li-Ji itf^
mumtall htMtdan. The ftill moon, j#4i
i«UJ ^mor iamdmf jS» hadr. The
fiiU of the moon, j^\ /»UJ tamdm al
kamar. They found in it «]m> chests fnU of
red, yellow, and white brocadee, \y*^^^
Fuller, i.J^ kaasdr. The filler's art,
Sj\0ai ktf&rat.
Fully, JLKIU M hMi^^\^\AJ tam&^
man, ilj^jmiaUm, ^Uslli hittamSimj
^J^^aSjjfX. ^^ tnin ghayr noUdn. See
Wholly, Totally, Entirely, Directly,
Exactly.
Fulminate, v. fjji iarak.
FulminatioQ, JU^\ imhi^L
Fulminatory, fulminant, jy^^ mmbrik.
Fulness,' SL/t^ imitld, -.Ut tifdh\ (re-
pletion), ^JU ihaba^\ (largeness),
<U«d #^a^; (abundance), iF^j wafrai.
Fulness of flesh, Jl«Ly^ /Mdma^, ^«
Fulsome (nauseous), ^^r^rs^ ghtkyr
murdf, ^^yJUj^ ghayr makbul, ^^^^
mahirikh\ (obecene), ^jm^U/sAwA.
Fulsomeness (oauseousness), )^J\ ihrdh ;
(obscenity), ^JUs? fahtih.
Fumble, 9. (attempt wr manage awk«
wardly), ij^j^^^^\^^ ^«-
mal oMhy tnin ghayr ihaidrat.
Fumbler, <. SjlkuJt ^J^ ^adim OBhsha-
idrat, [tdrat,
Fumblingly, S;lk& ^Jju hi ^adam sha-
Fame, ^^Is^ J dukkikdn* See Fmniga*
tion. Smoke, Yapoar; Bage.
Fume, v. ^^J daJMshan, See Fumi-
gate, Smoke, Dry in smoke ; Bage.
Fnmigate, v, ^j£^4> dMIthan^j^ Mft-
khar. [famed.
Famigated,^fiCt« mmhakhkkar. See Per-
Fumigation, j^ss:U iahthlr. A oenser
for fumigations, 5jS^ maibhhmvtm
Fumitory (herb), ^jH^ thahgiraf.
Function (office), X^ Jc^ khtdmat, i,,^r.^
HMfiM^; (performance), Ja£ ^mnal;
(power), iji i€Ltaai, i^Ji kudrat, ^uLli
kdhiliy^si. See Faculty, Duty.
Fund (stock, ci^ital), JUII^/mV^ rdM al
Fundament, ^/J^\ atdi ; (backside).
Fundamental, I0A oih, ^L>^ soda.
Fundamentally, LL^^ 4M/«^aii, (jmLJ) ^
min alaid%.
Funeral, «• ij^c^ jandMat\ (burial), ^J
dafn, A funeral oration, funeral dirge,
^ Jj nudbaf, iU^ mandi. A female
mourner hired to sing or cry atfoneralst
£)li; raisdyat, i^y nawwaha.
Fungous, IXaSA Ji^ wUil al kawtdt.
Fungus, «. iU^ ibfftd/. [a/ JloM.
Funicular (like a rope), J^* J2l« mid
Funnel, «. w^i ^m&.
Fur, i^ji farwat. The fur of the mar-
tin, jyi^ tammUr* The for of the
ermine, (-.^Ir^Ui nnjdh*
Furbelow, b. (J-sr' sqfai.
Furbish, v. (polish), Ja^ ««ibrf.
Furbished, J^a^o^ maskul, ^X^^ mufk\
Furbiaher, iX^ mujh.
Furfuraneous, jy*J dd laho JhiiAsr. See
Branny, Husky, Scaly.
FUE
(679)
QkQ
Forions (mad), ^y^ mqfnUn; (en-
raged), ^J>^•^ ghadiiib.
Forionsly, ^y^ J^ WW /rmim, JG
^■^«nfl hikol ghadab.
Farioamefls (madness), ^j^s^ /tfiAM>
(rage), c,.-^>flr' ghadab.
Furl, 9. (a sul), ^^\ ^ lam d hulA^
c ^t v^^ tawa* al hdn^
Farlongh, «. (leave of absence from the
army), La:>^j rukhitU, ij\pr^ iJ&%aL
Faroace, t. ^j^fumy ^f\ atHn^jyJ ian^
ftfir. A baker's furnace or oven, j^
tanm^r, jU^l ^i Jum d khabhdt.
Famish, v. (give, supply, provide), aJj
fjli\ kaddam atdtim^ U>- jahhag ; (as-
sist), JlcLi fd^oJ; (to prepare), yi^i»-
haddar ; (to adorn), ^j wnyyan.
Famished (given, supplied, provided),
Mi^JUt mukaddam; (assisted), jLcliM/f
muid^ ; (prepared),y^s^ muhaddar ;
(adorned), ^^ij^ muaaygm; (as a
house), y^^/^ wnfr^aik*
Fomisher, «. i%JkL« mwJuMim,
Furniture, ^y fartk. Household fbr-
niture, c:.^^ CjUI Mdt Magt He
fiUed the seren palicet with everv kind of
magnificent fumitore of lilk, Ye§selt of ^Id
aod filver, nteniUs of every kind and ranety
that kingi conld require, and commanded hu
danjphter to reside in each nalaoe for a certain
period of the year, and tnen to remoTe to
another of them, ^jy^ ^juJi\ L«^
J ii^\ ^ is^ j^ JS ^J jLj
Foirier, «. \^f<i^r&.
Farrow, «• kd^ UmXL
Furrow, 9. ^^o:^ J^^ lomal Wi^^U
Further, furthermore, etc, Juu^ oi^oi.
See Farther.
Furuncle, iLI>- Ao^fta^, iLl/e J dumlaL
Fury (madness), jjy»>- /i«iifl» ; (rage),
\__'n'' ghadab.
Furze, Jk»- hadd.
Fusible, fusile, K^Xm\i yvmakib*
FusibiHty, L^\iLj\ tmikdb, Jo^J da-
wabdn, ^Wu Mgdhdn.
Fusion, \^Xmt iokbf c^^JJ iadwlb.
Fustian (bombast). Ji*-^ ,%ll^ hOdm
muikhin*
Futile, JlL iii^^/, ^JJ^h hOd ma^.
Future, JJkm^ mustaibH. The future
tense of a verb, JJ-m^H ^Uj samiSii
iammtakbil,^jld4i\almuddri^. The
fiitare, futurity, jLfti.1^1 utikbdl. Be-
. longing to futurity, ^La:;.^^ utitbdh,
Fy, ^\^Mi^1 attaghfir allak.
G.
G, in the English language, has two sounds;
those of u^and ^. The hard sound
it generallj retains before a, o, m; as garment,
govemoTf aum. 1 1 is rarel y soft ; as gaoL Be-
fore e and t is often soft ; as in ffem, ging$r ;
and often hard, as in get^ give. When com-
bined with A, it has sometimes the irregnlar
sound of ff; as in rough, tough, {ruf, tuff),
the sound being at other times entirely lost ;
as in though, through {the^ thro').
Ghtbble, v»j}j^ t^^s w^**
(Jabblei iUjy *pm wazat,
Oabion, f. (basket filled with earth),
i^\y J^J s^^I' turdb.
Gktbriel, \}i^jf^ jabrdyil.
Ghid, v.j\j ddr, lalfim*
Gag, r. Ji\ ^Haa k»- hat ^uklat fi
Gage, 9, ^j rahn. See Pledge, Pawn.
GAL
(680)
GAP
Gage, V. ^j rahan.
Gaiety, gayness, ^jifarah^j^j^ surHr.
Gaily, -y J^ hikol farah.
Gain, ^ na/^, <Ui^ ma»/b^a^ (pi.
jjliy« fnanafi^, cUiJl inttfd^, Sjoli
fayidat, <-<; raW, c^..^aX« wa^a^,
c^luuii^f iktisdh.
Gain, i?. -<^ r^JM, l,.^mi^ ^0^.
Gained, (-jyuC« maksub.
Gainer, s. ^Jc.1^ muntqfi^, ^L^kashdn,
v^^^li kd9th, iiJ^'J rabhdn.
Gainful, Jui^ mu/ld, ^l) wo/Jc.
GainlesB, S«V.UL htla fdyidaU
Gainsay, r. uJlU^ khdlaf, ^^li »Si^a/if,
il} nakar, i^taer J.«x ^awa/ hikhlaf,
LjOj\£' cdrad*
Gainsayer, s. See Adversary, Opponent
Gainst, Ju0 (7n^. See Against.
Gait (walk, air ^n walking), ^^^^\ ^y
naw^ al mashl, [kholinjdn,
Gkilangal (a medicinal root), j^l^^
Galaxy, ». (milky way), \am1\ ^S umm
assamd.
Galbanum (gam), ^J-lj US kand iOMhk,
Gale, i, (of wind), lyb hawd, m^umj nasitn.
Galiot, 8, (a kind of swift sailing ship),
^•JU gdliot.
Gall (bile), \jLc Bafrd, ij\j^ mardrat.
Gallant (gay, showy, well dressed),
c, gl(^ mukaUaf, fc— w^ narif; (mag-
nificent), <ulac Vi.^....^*L0 «aAti( ^osma^;
(polite), c^jI v,,^fwl.g «<!At^ a(fa3,
^lI?c-^i>-Ue «aA«'8 «ara/&^; (high-
spirited, courageous, generous), g^*^
shufdc, fjinj hatah
Gallant, s. (gay, splendid man), ^>~J^J^
zarlfy fjjAs. ^shik.
Gallantly (gaily, splendidly), i«*Ui Jio
Ukol shaamat ; (generously), ^J Jij
5«j^j karam.
Gallantry (splendour of appearance;,
ii\Jff zardfat, i£\jj ncndkat ; (nobleness
of mind), J^ gkirat\ (debauchery',
f A^ shahtvat.
Galled (excoriated), j^**^ ««^iir;
(vexed), (^U<-i& ghadhdn.
Gallery, «. J^jjj rwa*, ^^^^^^ a^fufdi^y
j^^L4^ marMha\ ^^j^ uaiuwdn.
Gaiimatia, , ^^x^ <idU /»K kaldm moMo
mactM •
Deservinr
Gallipot, a. ij^f tnartabdn.
Gallop, V. ^j ramah. To gallop a horse,
Anfl^^ JfL: 9dk al kisdn.
Gallop, s. i^^!^j ramha.
Galloper, «. ^|^ rdmih.
Gallows, ALAi^ nuuhnaka.
the gallows, AtL^^H J^
a^ maahnaka.
Gambler. See Gamester, Cheat.
Gambol, v. See Dance, Frisk, Frolic.
Game (sport), ^.-^ lu^; (animals
hunted), Ju«0 sagd. To make game
of, 4jPjf-»' utahsM\
Game, v. jUilb w»^ ^^«i M kitndr.
Game-cock, «. ^..^aUI vIXj J ^i& aUaz^h.
Gamekeeper, «. «Xm^\ (jr*^ amin auayd.
Gamester, «. jUi l-^-«1 ii^l^ itimar.
Gaming, «. lUill l^^ /^^^ 0^ ihindr.
Gander, 8.^3 j^ teat suikar.
Gang, 8. i^j zumrat.
Gangrene, i^\ dkile.
Gaol, 8. {j^^fS^ kdhs, ^^^sr* aajn. Con-
fined to a gaol, {jM^^^sr^ piahhus.
Gaoler, *. ^^V^^ hahhda^ (^^^ •<S;a«.
Gap, 8, ^jJ^ ahak.
Gape, r. (yawn), c^^l^ ^*dw«i; (to
open in fissures), -^jLSi ahak.
OAR
(681)
GAU
Graper, «• (one who opens his mouth),
Grarb, (^U lihds, ^U? tdUm.
Garbage, ^j^'^^ ^JSJis cofthai masdrfn;
(offals), ZJcS kundsat. See Eubbish,
Eefnse, Offal.
Garble, r. Jj^^ gharlal.
Garbler, «• JV j^ ghirhdl.
Garden, <• ^l:^ hustdn. The Garden
of Eden or Paradise, (jmjJ^I alfar-
dawi, A garden house or villa,
masyaf. And they beheld the garden, aboand-
ing with trees and rivuletg, and saw the
saperintendent ritting at the rate ; and they
saluted him, and he returned uieir salutation,
Gardener, «. (JI:lmJ hustdni,
Gargarism or gargle, s, h^j^ ghargharat.
To gargarize or gargle (wash the
month with medicated liquors), j^J'^
taghar ghar.
Garland, », J-Kl ihill
Garlic, /%y Hm, A clove of garlic, ^
Ab^ 8in turn, Ay! (jMifj rds tUm,
Garment, i^U lihdSf ^jiJi libs. An
old or tattered garment, j;Sl5x ^atdgik,
Mourning garments, j\ s>^ hiddd And
soaring with me through the air, alighted in
this phce, in which he placed all things ne-
cessary for me, such as garments, ornaments,
linen, furniture, food, dnnk, and etery other
. thing, ^LCJl IjJb ^ JjJ^ isij^
Oamer, jLjI anbdr. See Oranarj.
Garnet, «. JjJ la^. See Euby.
Oamish, r. Ui3 naitMom^ ^J %agyan»
See Decorate, Adorn, Embellish. Also
To fetter.— Oamish, garniture. See
Ornament, Decoration.
Garniture. See Enmitare.
Garrison, s. (fortification), ^uli hd^at,
^j»a^ hitn. Garrison soldiers, the
garrison of any fortified place, Jjb\
^uUSI dhl al ial^. The commander
of a garrison, ialiSl lajli ddhit al kal^L
Garrison, v, _3^Uufi <^^j wada^ ^ota-
kirfl.
Grarrulity. See Loquacity, Prate.
Garrulous. See Talkative, Loquacious.
Garter, $. jUi l?Vj ^^^ ansdk. To
garter, <GL» lojj rahat idkaho.
Gash, s. See Wound, Scar, Cicatrice.
(rash, r. ^^ /tfreiA. See Wound, Cut.
Gbsp, i. \j*JcJ tanaffiu, ^^^ nafas.
The last gasp, ^jmJUj^\ dkhar nqfoi.
Gate, «. c^b 3dd; (gate, gateway, or
court), jljJ 1 c^b &d3 adddr. The
gate of a castle or town, <u1la]1 ^^lJ
hdh al kal^L An open gate, (^b
-.yLL« ^d3 maftuh. The Caspian gates,
<»«VJ\ <^b ^d3 a/ a5trd5. The fold-
ing-doors {aUo side-posts) of a gate,
^^^\j0A^ misrd^n. One half of a
folding-gate, ^|/^3/« misrd^. To knock
at a gate, (-^Uf ^J^^ dak al hdh. To
shut a gate, c^Ul J^Ilc ghalak al hdh.
To open agate, (-^U1 ^fatah al hdh.
Gather, v. (accumulate), ^-'^^ yomevc ;
(to come together, to be accumulated),
wiacri tnjama^. To gather fiowerB,
^^ >— alaS kata/zahr.
Gatherer, «. u^Ij ildft/, ^^b>- jdmi^.
Gaudily, iS^Jio Jij hikol zardfat.
Gaudiness, Zsl^ tardfaty h^j zlnat.
Ghiudy, ^^J^ijo %arif.
Gauge, V. (a barrel, etc.), iJ^*^ (jmIS
6EH
(682)
GSS
Uffo* dl itffMi/. [Leam*
Gaimt, (»J^ ib^l^. SeeThiiiyMeagrey
Oaimaety «. Jj«X9- i^y^ hufofJudU.
Guy (merry), Lr^M«^ motoU, ^^ji
farhdn*
QnxBt V. Jai naur. A gtoB^ ijaj naarai.
A gazer, Jl^U ndstr. Taj el Moliik
bebdd liflr, and gased at her beantj and lore*
linen, while she knew it not, ^\jj\^
Oazelle, t./ Jt^ ghmalf il\jk glua&lah.
Who wOl HLTe me from the lore of a chamdng
eazelle, with a face like the ran — naj, more
fotely ? H J heart was at eaie, free from lore
of her; hat now it hnmeth with paanon for the
daughter of Eaaemendel, i^j^j^js^ ^
^ • ^ ^^^ - • ^ %y^
Gear. See Fnmittue, Harness, Stuffl
Geese, C^^j) wanatdL
Geld, €. ^<*d£»^ khasa*.
Gelding, «. (J*^*i^ iiduh.
Gelt, ^^'s^ imdiAtf, ^<^3»- tAort .
Gem, ^^ jawharat (pi. ^^^ /M^d-
Aar). A polisher of gems, ^^J^fr
jcMlhcmjl, Adorned with gem8,^^is^
vMiQawhaT^ f^ mtcroMa^. To gem,
at adorn with gems, w*^ roft a^ • The
gem w hnd of a tree, ^^^ ^ojfn (pi.
^^ ^tt»). He then took forth
from his pocket a cnse, written upon and
sealed; and he broke its seal and scattered its
long emeralds and three hundred oblong laree
jewels, of the size of the eggs of the ostrich.
hmj
L^
• w •
ilJ^ ^^' (^ I
Geminate, 9. See Bonhle.
Gemini (constellation), ^jy^\
Mj^wad, \jy^\ ajjannd.
Gemmeons,^^! Ji«« mid aljmmhmr.
Gender, ^/tt:>>^jVjMy ^ imnt^, m^ kum ;
(in grammar), ^/mJcs)1 «{fHM. Of the
masenline gender,^ j.^ wnttakhtr. Of
the feminine gender, cLJ V« muamnMt.
Gender, «. See Engender, Frodoee,
Canae.
Genealogical, ^<fMJ na$ahl.
Gknealoglst, u^^ImJ naudh.
Genealogy, J^mJ natl, i^^} moBah (pL
c^LwjI amdh), ^}J\ a$l (pL J^^ «w^i •
General (common), (^y^ ^mmHtm, aU
^dm, ^jjia/e muOai, ^«a9^ JMm^^;
(summary), J-^^ mujwud.
General, «. J|/^ general^ *^y^^ u»ij
rags qffunUd, {J*^\ Ju^^ idg^d i|^{sA,
(jyub^K^I omfr ajjaUh.
Generalship (office), J]/^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^
/a/ a/ generSl.
Generalissimo, i.\j^i\j^\ amUr id wmara.
Cbnerality, (^y*^ ^urnUrn, l^y%x. ^m-
mitmigat. The generality or bnlk of
the people, i»U!1 al^dm, dUUll o/^dsi-
Generally(aniversaUy), K^yAS' ^umikmta^
ii^ kdfatan, ^U ^maiam,
M killigai, !Aaj^\{ h^^umlai,
jumhOan, Jiis'iS ^ ^M al itldi,
GEN
(683)
GM
(^y^\ ^y Uwqfh ti ^mifim; (£re«
qaentlj), i^ iZj\j0^ marrdt luuflrai;
(without exception or specification)!
mm ghayr iacf^nm
Generalship, ij^ ioirati (generality),
Generate, v. d^Jtlj tcnUai. See Cause,
Create, Propagate.
Generated, *^^y mawl^d, Jiy muwalUd,
^firy nawfiid. See Produced.
Generation (begetting), jJ^ iatoM, iSi^
walddat; (race), ^\ ad (pi. J^l
uriil}^ c^'iiMi fMM^ (pi. c^ImJI anidh\
dJuJ ioMM (pL JjLS kabdyH),
(progeny), ^JmJ hmZ (pL jLjl aiMd/),
f>jj wurtlat (pi. <^l^^j(i sttrrld^) ; (an
age),y«afi ^«r (pi. ^lioe^ a^«dr),^J
dahr (pi. ji^i^ <^4r). Prom genera-
tion to generation, ^a>- ^ yi oiitfti
^an jiddin.
Generative, generant, jl^ muwaUid.
Generator, Si\y wdlid, jJ^ muwaUid.
Generetio, generioal, ^ ^^^^ /MMi* A
generic noun or name, ^^uJL^I wl im
aljmg.
Generically, Um*:^ /tipMtyfifi.
Generosity (generousness), a^ tartnUf
i J^ judat. No union can be e£fected
between eeneroiity and stingineis, so tbat the
one may be aceoanted a lizard and the other a
whale, \as^\ ^^;aAj jJ J^oJlj ^}ye\
If I be pofloeflsed of wealth and be not liberal,
may my hand never be extended nor my foot
raised. Show me the araricioni who hath*
attained glory by his ayariee, and the muni-
ficent who has died throagh his generosity,
Generous (munificent), O^^ jawwdd,
M^ larimf ^^kr^ takhl, (^J^^ muia-
iarrim. Generous actions, a^^ nui'
Idrivu
Generously, J^lsr'4j^ hikol $akhdwaL
The man who purchased me is a great kine, and
a man of great wisdom, generons, and of the ut-
most liberality. He has treated me with great
honour; he is distingoished and animated by the
most noble feelings, and is possessed of great
Genesis, ^y^* See Qeneratiou. — (the
first book of Moses), ^/^ll i^\s^kitdh
al tahoHn.
Genitive (case, sign of), Ij\jS idd/ai. A
noun in the genitive case, ^\ (.^Li«
muddf ilayhi, A noun governing ia
genitive case, uJL^ mitddf.
Genius, ij^ fHnU^ -p.U/s mtMdj^ ^^hi^
Ubl^ai; (mental fisusulties), ^jX^ ify
k&wat mudrikai, cJ\ji2\ idrdk, ^J
%ihn, ij^J nakdivai. A genius (man
of superior abilities), \S^\jJ\ ^^'^\^
idhib idrdk, ^J wJA.
Genteel, ^jLU lattf, ^Jo %ari/,
iLjLljt idhib insdnii^at.
Genteelly, ^IL! J^ Mtol latdfat.
Genteelness, ^\jj nandlat, iiM laid/at,
i3\JiffUirdfiU^LmfC^ adah. See Elegance.
Gentian (plant), \j\Jia:^ jmtldnd.
Gentile (Pagan), _^^ iffosani.
Gentility (of birth), J^l asl, uJ^ aharaf.
Gentie (soft, tame, mild), aJl.* iolim
GEO
(684)
OID
tiOjVrl latlf, AjLw haltm; well-bom,
v^j^ sharlf, ij^\ atilf i^^my^ nqfih.
Gentleman, i. ^— aj Ji» sharif. Gentle-
manly, gentlemanlike, uJj J^ i^yi ^^
wajhin shar^f.
Gentleness (of birth). See (Gentility. —
(softness of manners), (^jl aib.
Gentlewoman, <. ^^^ khatUn,
Gently (tenderly, meekly), &i^ J^
htkol tha/akat; (smoothly, without
violence), \sjjjrawaifdan, t^mahlan,
4J^ If ^o/tf' ma^^f ». [oihrdf.
Gentry, i^l^Hfj ^LcSf ah^an wdl
Genuflexion, ^ ^ rt<^^* See Kneeling,
Adoration.
Genuine, ^lfi>. kkdlUt 'f^ laklh. See
Pure, Neat, True.
Genuineness, ^^^ khtdus, i^ sahhut.
Genus, ^/u:»^jifM, & y naw^. See Kind.
Geodsesia (measuring surfaces). Jut
Geographer, JU\ tlksL khaUdt al Mad.
Gfeographical, jLI\ m^j (^aa^ yukhui
ratm al hUdd.
Geography,^^Sl ^j rasm alard,\^\j^jp^
geografld,
Geomancer, ». Jt^ rammdl. See For-
tune-teUer.
Geomancy, J-^1 Ac ^tlni arraml.
Geometer, geometrician, s. ^^MJOf^ mu-
handiSf fjoji\ ^w« nuusdh al ard,
masadh.
Geometral, geometrical, geometric,
^^Jjjb handatH, <U>rfJ>:.Jb handastt/at.
Geometry, Lj4XJ^ handasat, i^dj^\ Jx
^t/m a/ handasat,
George, {j^t^js^- Georges,
Georgia (province), f^\s>4MS>-j^ KUfjutdn.
Georgian, ^j>'j^ Kurjl.
Germinate, r. ^J^ ^oyyan^ u:>w »aM.
See Sprout, Bud, Shoot
Gresticulate, v. ^y wama\ i2J^j>-f^j^
^tnal harakdL [hartMt).
Gesture, ^^ harakat, (pi. C^l^y*-
Get, 9. (acquire), f^^a^^ hassal; (to
^8®^)» J>^^ iandsal. To get otci
(oTercome), L^^,r ghdlab. To get (or
cross) over, j*^ ^abar, j^ mar. To
get up (from a seat), aU ham* To get
acquainted, k^jS, ^arraf. To get by
heart, lai^ Atf/fli, v-^li ^j;C Jju fa-
^aUam ^an ghdyih.
(Jetting, parL ^^ajs^ muhassil^ See
Acquisition, Gain, Profit*
Gewgaw, «. See Bubble, Toy, Trifle.
Ghastliness (paleness), jU*^ safir.
Ghastly (pale),^iid^ mu8far,JLJ\ asfar.
Ghost, «. JUfi^ khagdl (pi. v2.?3L£i. Jby-
yafe<). The Holy Ghost, ^^*xd^ - .^»
rawh al kudos. To give up the ghost,
^jj\ ^ uOlam arraah.
Ghostliness, ^LjU-jj rohaniyaL
Ghostly, (J^jj rohdnif ^jUiiJ fM|/«tfsf.
Giant, s, vj^^aa ^o^i^ (pi. c;^ ,U^
^o/ar!^).
Gibberish, Sali ghalai. See Jargon.
Gibe, «. Ijf^l istihMdf \jf>^\ A^ kaidm
istihzd.
Gibe, r. c/TffUrf^ istahza*.
Giddily (carelessly), JUjbb ii Ajm/.
Giddiness (vertigo), ^^^ J dawhha ; (in-
constancy), CjlJ|«Jx ^a(2am «i^/;
(carelessness), Hag. ghaflat, JUJ^'
tAmdZ. To be seized with a giddiness.
^b ddkh.
Giddy, giddy-brained, giddy-beaded.
^tj ddyikh; (inconstant), ^|^ 4!'^
ma£iAo ^rdrf (careless), ^Jilc yAd^SI
GIB
(685)
GIV
Gift, 8, ILc ^at&, Amj\ tn^m, ^Uu»-1
ihadnf £j JJb hidiyat, i^y/% mawhabat
(pi. L^^\y mawdhib). A magnifi-
cent present, <i4j\ir ^. J^ hidiyat ^a-
simo^. A small gift, ^^ft>- ^0^ A«^»-
yat ikafifat; (faculty, power), iy
kUwat, ij^ hudrat, j\^\ tktiddr,
aJjU IdhUiyat. [^)^J dawdnuU.
Gig, «. (thing whirled round in play).
Gigantic, \j:^jiji\ Ji^ ^<«2« ihy mUl dl
Giggle, Vn f^M^J tabasaam, u.xs^ dehek.
Giggler, 8. dlX^U ddhik, j^m^'m^ muta^
ba88im.
Gild, V. w.^ jJb J^ taU ba tahdb.
Gilded, , iiLt mutll. And they found
in it a great dome, constracted of stones, gilded
with tA gold. The party had not beheld, in
all that £ej had seen, anything more beauti-
ful than it, <t,4>jhg iLi I { j i \;^^y
J ,4^111 ^^^jJb iik* ;.Ur*% Li^
I »,i^i«
If-
Gilder, «. Jla^ mutalli.
GUding, part. ^J^ idlU
Gilding, «. lb 67a.
Gillyflower, «. Ji3^ kunmfal,
GKmlet, «. ^^Ji\^ nuuikdbm
Gimp, «. i^Us^ ^t^n.
Gin, «. (trap), Sju.^i/« masyadat; (ma-
chine), V'y^^ eharkh; (spirit), ^j^*^
y«», J/i t^rak.
Ginger, Jt^^a^ tingxblL
Gingerly, ^jm\j:>^^\) bi ihtirds. See
Cautiously, Nicely.
Gingle, r. ^Ulb ,^5^ haka^ bdkafiyat
GKngle, <• ^\a:>b tantanat, ^^ tanJn.
Gipsy, «. tby kurbdtfjy nawar.
Giraffe, ^J^J Murdfa.
Gird, 17. (surround), l?l>-t ahdL
Gird, «. X« jJ\ .Vvjy /ocffM^A atMmmat.
See Twitch, Pang.
Girded, girt, ^^aJ^ nuuhmiil, j»i2^\^
munluuir, bW^ muhdL
Girdle, 8. j^i kamar, ^\au^ mantakat,
j^j tunndr. The celestial girdle (the
2odiac), -. ^j^\ tJL^\j isia:^ mantakat
%dt al buriLJ,
Girl, 8. i J .^ip 8abiyai, JLj bikr, s£^
bint, JjiJ batnL See Yirgin, Maid,
Maiden, Daughter. A marriageable
girl, i9i\i CL-^'J 3tn< bdlighat, A slave
girl,i^U-yanya< (pi. j^j'^yawarl).
Girlish, cs..^»Jl (Ji^ mM^ a/ &tit^.
Girt, V. See Gird, Encircle.
Girt. See Girded. [cingle. Belt.
Girth, «. (girt), ^y kuldn. See Sur-
Give, V. j^^jkc ^tf^a*, ^/J^^ flAeia*, c--^^
wahab, ^JjJLseT bakJuJuuh, To give a
present, ^Jx vt3l an-^am ^la\ To
give advice, ^^ m8ah. To give up
(abandon), CSy tarak. To give up,
give over (resign, deliver), JL> 8allam.
To give up, think no more of, wlaj
^^laJl lato^ aniMUBar. To give up a town
or castle, ij^\ Jui #a/iam a^ kal^at.
To give up the ghost, .^^1 JL) fo/Zam
iirr0irA. To give possession, ujX«
mallak. To give out (proclaim, puh-
lish),^^\ (uhhar* To give out orders,
^1 amar. To give out (pretend),
jJjtJ ta^aUal, To give out (distribute),
a^mJ ^Mom. To give an assault, s^
hajam. To give into (adopt), J-fn'^jj
Uta^mal ; (to allow profit), ^Ju nefe^,
jlit ofdi. To give an answer, ^-^U^l
ajdb. To give a denial, jij\ ankar.
GLA
(686)
OLE
To give credit (believe), ,ySBs\ i^taiad;
(totruBlto), A4SJi\ i^tmnad; (to lend),
,jo^ tarad. To give a blow, c—^
darah. To give (or make) laws, ^j
«j»L^ wada^thardye^ To give law
(commaDd), S^ haiam. Togiyeleaye,
ij\s>^\ JaA a^ ifoMOt. To give
strength, ^^Ji hxwwi. To give judg-
ment, Jl^ Aaibm. To give to under-
stand, f^\ afham^J^ khdbhar. To
give thanks, JJi» $hdkar. To give a
categorical answer, j*i^ S-'^^ ^5^
a^ jawdh ihdft,
Oiren, ^J^^^ mu^, ^X^ mtgndafi^.
Given as a hostage, ^^^f nuurhiin.
To be given, ,Jaftt «^tt.«
Giver, *. ^A?U ^a«, ^Ja*^ mu^%
L-^lXj ivahhdh, c^^^ fTdAiS. The
giver of existence, *>j>-^^ **r^'.^ wfiAtJ
oZ f(?t^'fi(^. The giver of necessaries,
CLj\p^\^\ L^\^ wdhib al hdjdt. The
giver of benefits, UUmSI S-'^^ wahhdh
al ^atdf/d, [of a bird.
Gizzard, #. XL^ ^^ hawsalat. See Crop
Gkd, gladsome, ^^Uyi/tfrA^n, »yM^
mahaUt, j^ Mt^ murur. See Cheerful,
Exulting, Contented, Happy. To be
glad, -^ f0re1^jAi^\ tmar. To glad,
make glad, gladden, ^j^fa/rraK ^
hMaU
Gladiator, «• uJlL> sayydf.
Gladly, j^j^^ ^3^^^^ J^ ^^^ f^^
hin wa AasBin wa turUr.
Gladness, gladsomeness, ijM^ nuuarrat,
LL*-J1 whtsat, ^jsfarah, Isii hahjat.
See Cheerfulness.
Glance, t. (of the eye),^ fkwwr, i^
hoior, is^ lamkU, ^^^j ram d
^. The first glance, ^^jJ^i^'
minamrat al uwU.
Glance, v. (shine), ^ lama^ To gltnee
(with the eye), ^ lanuik,J^jrmd,
Glancing, pari. ^ kimi^ See ilaih-
ing, Glittering.
Gland, t. kjL hdU^.
Glandulous, ^^ hoBM.
Glans penis,^ji^ ^^J; rd$ auakar.
Glare, •. (shine dazzlingly), 4^^ efew*,
bj 20ma^. See Shine.
Glare, L.0 (%d.
Glaring, ^1 tewtc, ^^-a^ wtiift; (atw-
cious), Jib ifl/un, j^-lac ^j^ j»w
castm. See Crime«
Glass, j}j5 itutds. A glass maker, jiji
lan&%. A building or framework d
glass, ^vrVj/^ *^"'' ^J^i^' ^
glass (of wine, eto.), ^]jJ^ ^ ^^
ihardh. [»j^
Glass, made of glass, glassy, ^V^^;
Glaze, V. (windows, etc.), JJJ h^nO'
To glaze (paper, doth, ete.)> J^
«aibZ. A shell, etc., used in glaaog
paper, dlLa^ madudat. A glazer of
paper, ^^ JIa.^ iakhdl warak
Glazed (with glass), JJA^ mukoMMM] [ts
linens, paper, etc.), J^*-*^ moiW.
Glazier, «. ^^ \prj *V^fi'
Gleam, «. &U^ sha^d^, Li <^tyd.
Gleam, i?. ^a\ lama^ ,^y^ dawtf. See
Shine.
Gleamy, gleaming, part. ^J Idmi^
Glean, v. (^ ^A.
Gleaner, ^liJ iba^A^tA.
Gleet, «. ,^1 u^^/r y«^tfy«*» ^ «^^-
See Gonorrhoea.
GLO
(687)
GLO
Glide, V. L^j>'J^^*'
Glimmer, v. ^^J Jama^
Glimpsei «• (quick flashing light), ^U^
lama^n; (a traasitory yiew), ^ lamh.
Glister. See Clyster. A glister bag or
pipe, ^jSjs^ mahkan.
Glitter, glister, glisten, «. w«J lama^f
yjj^^ (uhrai, j^ harah.
Glitter, a glittering, ^IjmJ lama^n.
See laghti SplendooTi Lustre, Bright-
ness.
Glittering, pari, and adf. w^l Jdmi^
See Bright, Shining, Glancing.
Glitteringly, JL^U! Jij Ukol lamd^ffot,
Globe, ». if kurrat. The terrestrial
globe, i*»aji\ iyi\ al kurrat al ardiyat.
The celestial globe, SJIS^ ij^\ al kur-
rat al falakiyatj UmJI if kurrat m-
9amd. The globe or orb of the moon,
jAS^\ Mjs^ jirm al kamar.
Globular, globose, 4/^^^ ibrtftrf.
Globule, $. l^ habhe. \laf.
Glomerate, v. (gather into a ball), t^J^l
Gloom, gloominess, Ia^ nulmat. See
Darkness, Obscurity. — Gloominess of
mind, j^\ l^^ MultMt al ha%ar, ^
gham.
Gloomily (obscurely), j^ jt^ ^ »»w»
ghayr nfir ; (with a cloudy mind or
aspect), ^Jk^ jij bikol takdlr.
Gloomy (obscure), JJa^ mta/>m. Gloomy-
minded, ^J^^CL^ mutakaddir*
Glorification, JJU^-l ijldlf t^uis^ tamjld,
^.^Mtej tathlh, [maffad.
Glorifled,^^**^ mu/akhkhar, jJb^ mu-
Glorify, v. Sa^ hamad, Jjs^ majifad,
^^Vi^ tabhah.
Glorious, JAs^jalU, JLrl^Jsfl a/;aM/,
mu/akUthar, *jj£ {^mls, J^U
maqfad, «v>^ nuffld, ^^^ wnufakh-
hham\ (proud), Jm^ mutakabbir.
Most glorious, J^f ^flfj^^ 0^^ Jur^l
amfad (pi. J^UI amdjid). The most
glorious God, ^Jxj |J>- ^t attahjoBa
wa ^aU. The most glorious of the
most honoured and most noble (used
in addressing great men), j\s^\
i*j\^3i^ J^U^I iftikhdr al amdjid wal
akHrm. To render glorious, J^jaUal.
Gloriously, ^JUbrV '* ^Tdlin, ij^J^
bikol ^iuat,j\s^\) bi iftikhdr.
Glory (praise, adoration), iX4k>> hamd^
^.^ ««tt. ^ m^i (grandeur,
honour), Jl>- jaldl, iSi^ jaldlatf
^ fakhr, j\i^\ iftikhdr, ij:^ ^nat.
False glory, J^ takabbur. The glory
of his contemporaries, ^\jii\ jJb^ fakhr
al akrdn. Glory to God, ^ Jl«^1 al
hamd illahi. The glory of religion (a
title), ^JlS^^ JlLr jdldl addln. The
merchant (places) his glory in his
purse, the learned man his glorjT'in
his writings (Arab, proverb), ^IsJI
i^j\f d ^Jus^ (^^^3 ^*^ 4 ^"^^
attdjir majdahofl kliiho wdl^lim maj-
daho f\ kardrliiho. To contend for
glory, I^J^UJ tamdjadu. Contending
for glory, adf. and part. j:>^\k:^ muta-
fdkhir. To glory in (boast or be
proud of), jliciil iftakhdr.
Gloss, «• (commentary), ji^msu tafAr,
^jL iharh, Ji^\j tdtpil, j^ ta^r,
^U bagdn; (a specious interpretation),
jJb^j^f4iJu tafiHr ndhir.
Gloss, 9. (comment), .^ tharah.
Glossary, t. (interpretation of words),
iii i^\si kitdb loghat.
GLU
(688)
60
GlossineBs, )L>- jUdy i^^ jilwat. To
give a glossinefls to paper, (Ja^ iokdl.
To gi7e a glossiness to cloth, Ji^ tdkai,
Glossographer, glosser, glossator, »»jmJu^
mufauir. A glosser, JU^ mkidl.
Glossy, ^Xs^ mujli, Jjfl.a^ ma$kllL
See Polished, Smooth, Shining.
Gloat, V. (look snllen), ^^^-^ ^ahas.
Glove, t, lJ^ kaf (plur. uJ^ ib/&/).
A falconer's glove (on which the hawk
perches), o\^\ c^ kaf anayyad.
Glover, «. cJ^ ^w hayya^hufitf.
Glow, V. (be hot), ^;;«^ wifc^nj (to be
bright), «-«J 2fima^. To glow with
anger, \^'^*nh• ghedeb. To glow with
zeal or courage, IjJiSJ^ ij'd^\ akh-
zataho ndr al ghayrat. To glow with
natural heat, LjuJall \j\j^^ ^«^sw\
akhsataho al hararat al tabi^yat
Glow (shining heat), ij]j^- hararat,
(vehemence of passion), ^U^^^^ hamiyat,
L^^p. ghadah; (ardour, zeal), ij^j^
iardrat, ij^ ghayrat; (brightness of
colour), ^^\ Li\j^>- haddkat al lawn,
A glowing coal, iy*»s^ jamrat (pi.
ci^\jA>p^ jamrdt). See Live coal
(under Coal).
Glow-worm, «. i^^«».L>- hdbdhib.
Gloze, V, Flatter, Gloss, Comment.
Glue, \jA ghard. See Isinglass, Cement,
Size.
Glue, V, ijr^ gharra\
Glued, i^Jf^ mugharra\ ^y^^ malsHk.
Gluer, «. i^jf^ mugharri.
Glut, V. (saturate, satiate), ^^^1 ashba^ ;
(to swallow), ^Sj hala^i (to overstock),
S\j %dd.
Glut, $. (redundancy), Jjbj %%yddat,
U^ fay^7 ^J^ fayaddn ; (8atiety^
w«^ 9haiba^^ (obstruction), Jl.9 ioid.
Glutinous, gluey, j;^ J dibek. See Yb-
cous. Tenacious.
Glutinously, 4*JJ^ bidabak.
Glutinousness, ^J ddbak.
Glutton, <. ^y^\ akkdl.
Gluttonous,^^^ u.'^'^-ltf idhih $hardkai.
Gluttonously, iib\j^ J^ bikol thardkai.
Gluttony, ^-^ iama^, ^\jJ^ shardhat.
Gnash, v. (the teeth), a3L^\^ iorr m-
ndnaho. {bargkaihat.
Gnat, i. (small fly), Xiyu ba^udat, ^^ .*
Gnomon (hand or pin of a watch or dial],
a[cLJI s^^LS- ^akrab assd^ah.
Go, V. J\j rah, 4..^J^J suiAa^. To go a
walking for recreation, j^ J ddr. To
go on foot, (C^t« ^\j rdh mdshl. To
go on horseback, c-^]^ ^j rdh rdkxi.
To go amblingly, ^^y^j rahwan. To
go a hunting, *.\j*flli ..U rciA /f7 mjh^
To go fast, J3:^^**l uta^'H. To go one
after another, ^X\ Juo Jl:»^!j1\ \^\j
rdhu al wdhid ba^d al akhar> To go
to the necessary, ^ j^^ ^' ^Uff W#t^
t7<i' a/ khdr%j\ To go aside (deviate
from the right way), 4^ daU, To go
on (make an attack), a^ ha/am. To
go out (upon an expedition), ^J^ |**-^
J^t ^asam ^oZa' asaafar. To go oQt
(to be extinguished), ^J^\ intafa\
To go through (to suffer, andergo\
J^«^ar tahammal. The time of her
going forth to divert herself has now arrirnl
and when she is about to do so I will come u*
thee and inform thee, that thou majest g«
thither and meet her, ^^^^ *^
GOD
(689)
GOD
I^jLsj^. And once in eyery ten days
be comes to me, and spends a night here, and
then he goes away; ror he took me without
the consent of his relatives, Ji^ ^Jj
J iLLJ Ljh Jcj iy jjj b a\A ijJm£.
Goad, s, jU^ mihmdz. To goad, jkj
jUi^b nagha% M mihmdz.
Goal, s, (any place of destination), ^Jsr^l
JyoLii \ al mahaU al maksHd. The end
to which a design tends, iiyaLi!i\ ^JOJfi\
id gharad al maksud.
Goat, «. (the goat species), U^ ma^s.
A he goat, ^jmmJ tayt (pi. (jhw^ tuyiU)»
A she goat, i|«^ mu^U A goat-
herd, J«^! -cl^ rfi^f a/ ma^2.
Gohhet, goh, «. iUi] lukmat (pi. ^
lukam), Jua>- ^;/ka^ (pL Cl^l:kA>- Asi/-
na^). To gohhet, gohhle, Ji lakam.
Go-hetween, «. <D]|j dalldlat
Gohlet, », .Jj JbitiA.
Gohlin, «. JUrv. khayal, (^It ^ayt/,
j^y.:>- ytnnS. See Demon, Fairy, Elf,
Phantom.
God, <d}1 ailah. The following are among
his numeroas attributes : ^j^ UI1^J»^
rabh td ^diamJn, ^U^-^l arrahmdn,
AAdi^t arrahlm, <^^jl^ ^^r^l? f^aAti^
«7 umjud, Jl«]ll cJbl^ tDdhih id amdl,
God the most high, most blessed, most
glorions, etc., ^UJ aUI allah ta^la\
^UJj CJ^LJ ddll a7/a^ tahdrak tea
ta^dla\ jJUjj iOUu- J^\ (dhak
subhanaho wa ta^la\ lU^ Js>' ^J^\
aUiak j(d wa ^dd, ^^ju^^^jJLf ddlt
oSaA takaddas wa tacdla*, J>- ^f
4il^ dllahjadajiddlaho, {^\ij\i^j
rob id arbdb. God the creator, ^l^t
al khdlik, jU)l jSU. ifc^/a o/it^oZi.
God the .omnipotent, _^ J^ l^j jUSl
al k&dir ^M kol shy. The jast God,
JjUl\ al ^dd, God the supreme
avenger, ^^Urulljj Ic ^mfs a/ tWtitdm.
God the most high king, J \jc^ \ u^O^I \
al malik al mtU^l, The God of worlds,
^^^^U!t tm^j rabh td ^lamin^ etc.
Blessed God ! ^t CSJLj tahdrak aUtdi.
Blessed be God ! or Good God! ^U^^
<dll iubh&n aUah. 0 God ! ^1 f2tiAf,
ydra^. 0 God ! 0 God ! ^f <d]l a^^ffA
a/^A. May the blessing of God be
upon them all, ^j^xapA Afix^Ut ^l^j
ridwdn allah ^allhim ajma^n. God
knows, dUt Jju yu^im aUah. There
is no God but God, <dl1 KUll ^ tOah
did aUah. God willing, J\mj i^\ UjI
fVMAd aUah ia^dla*. By God's grace
or assistance, i^\ <^Uju hi ^ndy at allah.
Praised be God, thanks to God, X«^t
aU o/ hamdu dlah. To swear by God,
d^\j ^ kasam hdlah. By God ! aUIj
&i720At. God forbid ! l^U- w UiU.
hdshd 9umma hdshd, ^b J^ nu^MU
hillahi. Good God! (in admiration),
hdrak allah, <d]l <OJt allah allah. 0
God ! ^\ b yd allah, ^\ dahl, s^\
allahumma. For God'i sake ! d^\ tUahi.
dil\ J---. ^ ft sahU aiahi.
GK)ddess, «. ^t dahat. [Divinity.
Godhead, l^\ ilahiyat. See Deity,
Godlike, ^1 dahl. See Divine.
Gbdliness, ,^jaj takwa^, \^ takwd. See
Piety.
44
GOO
(690)
000
GocQy, ,<aL« tmittaM. See PioaB,
Piouslj.
Goer, i. ^\j rSyA. Comen aod goers,
fhariiin. [tm mdfil;.
Gog and Ifagog, -^^U^ ^yr*£ 9^jy
Goggle, 9. (look aaqaint), ^lU- J^
hawal Maho. See Squint.
Going, part. ^U m^ c^li cfiAift.
Gold, i^J>»j 8a^« Poie gold, i^.^ J
^Ui laAnd iA^l^if. Gold win, J^J
^f /. Made of or covered with gold
wire, {J^jj^ muMrhatlh. A mass,
bar» or ingot of gtdd, <lCy>.i ialAkat (pi.
CXjIw iohayih). A bit or particle
of gold, ^i M^0^. Gold and silver,
4idij i^^^Jb J faA«^ w<k faddat. An
eetate in gold and silver, k::^v«l^ Jt«
m&l sdmaL The region of gold (the
gold coast in Africa), j^\ Jij hildd
attibr. A throne of gold, l,^4x!1 jJ^
wrlr aaahib. Anything embroidered
or covered with gold, \J^j}^ muMr-
hash. Adorned with gold and gems,
^^y tarsl^ ^f murassa^.
Golden, ^^.,^Jtii^ tntaahhah.
Goldsmith, «. j-jLp s&yegh. [8%y&gh,
Goldsmiths, 4^^ $uwagh and ^U-^
Golgotha, U^il^ gholghotd.
Gomorrah, Sjy^ ghomorra*
Gone, ^U mddl^ ^L «di>£. Gone
with "child, iuUU. AdMAi^. See
Pregnant
Gonorrhoea, ^J^'^^JB'rJ^^^^ ^ «^»'>
<U»fi'ffT tat^kibah.
Good, adj.jf^ khayr^ ^>y**^ *<ww, <^^
ma^lA, c,,>4^ tayyihf J\»fi sdlih. Good
morning, ^^^\ -.1^ aabdh al kkayr.
Good 6vening,j^\ Lm^ mota ol i&djfr;
(to whidi thej answer), 0! good wm-
ing,^l^UU ydiOahdikr.
0 ! good evening,^|*i?\ Ufc^\£ Sf4 «»
0/ i^r. With good faith, Jlexl h
i^ikddin. With good fortune, jJ'a'
Juft^ &«^/f^ M^fi. With good im-
ners, Ui^jUdtiubitii. Goodhnmoond,
^LiJj^jj^ iiki;"J«r «/ ifc*a<ir. Good
natored, c-^yuSl ^gjU laiiftdnd-
rub. A good work,^^-^ khayr, Lm>
hasanat Good works, tJLj\j^ kh^i-
Good qualities, ^^A;M«.f»* t^L^j^ «i^^/
jamilat. Good news,
f ^r«^ ^osimo^. To do good, ^ m^'
4 aA^dvi. See Benefit We did
good to tbem, and they corresponded vitb tfe
TeYBne ; sod Buch, by my life, » the ooiAf-
of the wicked. Thus he who sets kindlj te
those who do not deserre it, is rewardsd ii tb
same manner as the aider of Umm iw*
^jAji ^ JJbj * jTJ-flj l3^l5 'iL^^r ^
♦^U aI . Sow good, even on «
unworthy soil ; for good will not be frmda»
where?er it is sown. Verily, pood, Ihougk/-
remain long buried, none will lesp but bis
who sowed it, ^ ^jjj ^U.-^p- ^;j
Good, goodness, *. j^ tkayr, ^^j^
khayriat. The good and the bsd,^
jJ:^\^ al khayr wahhar. The chief good
(summum bonum), ^jlJa-J^jji'i *
kkayr ^ muUak.
Good, adv.j^ khetyr^
Goodness, s. |^ karaw^ ^jl*-^' "^"^
Thou hast confened fiivoui upoa nit «^ **
GOB
(691)
GOV
denre of thy goodoen that ihoowoiddiit gnmt
OS a boon, and give or permiMion to depart ;
for it» h«ve bewme aaiioiis of seeiiig a^ain
our rektioiii^ ov oonntr^, ow near rektiTos,
and ow homes. W^ wiU sat, howeTer» re-
linqmsh the service of thee, u:;Ji^J Jj
Goods, JU mdl (pi. Jf^^ mmcOl), ^Ui
kimdih (pL XiLut oibiw^^), <J.^L«
mtf^it (pL cJU^ 0i9>AlJb). I resoWed
that affiiir, and having taken forth from mj
money a large gam, I purchased with it
gooda and merchanduo soitable for trayel» and
packed them np. Then I went to the coaat,
Goose, 9. ij^ wauat,
Goosebeny, «. ^Jj^jfi ^fttheri.
Gorbellied, a gorbelly, i^^ L.^».sfls^ mt^^
hainaha* See B^y ; also Glatton.
Gk>re, «. (of a shift or other garment),
Ia^ hmOkai (pL J^I:j hamayik)',
(clotted blood), ^Sa^ .•J dam jam-
ddn. See Blood.
Gore, r. (with the horns), CXii «^i^
^'^ Mo/aA. See Fierce, Stab.
^rg»f ci^ ^^- ^^ Throat. To
gorge. See Glut
Gorgeous, ^Hlf A;iafi ^oslm MA«^d»w
See Splendid*
Gorgeously, Juloft JG Mb^ ctOBfta^.
Gorgeousness, Xula^ ^tiMna^. See Splen*
door, Magnificence.
Gorget, «. JlJ^ Ju a». Ike ^!i(a/d Aim^
M rakabai.
Gonnaadize, v. AiId i— ^f>. Aoi batnaho.
See Glnttoniae. GormaDdiser, iJUSai
ioliidnf. See Glutton.
Gory, (^^fc> <2muk^.
Goaling, «. ^;;>>m ij} ^oauai taglSktai*
Gospel, #. J-fljrJ^ fli ffyV, J-arSl wlilf
UULl id injtl, u^^l J^m 07 t»;U
€k>Baamer, um4i.uJ1 i^\fi U^dh aih$ham»^
Gossip, cldi: ^aUdk. Ta gossip, J^
Got, gotten ipret. pan. of get),
muhaasal, L^fyuA^ maiiH^,
muktatab, ^V^^ muUana\ See
Gtoined ;. also Begot.
QorerUf v, ^j^Li tds, JL>^ haiam^ Iw
dahat See Beign, Bnle^ Xegulate,
Command, Direct, Manage, Eestrain.
And the city too would he without a king, its
people having none to govern them, and to abe
to their cases ; so the state of the empire would
become adverse unto thee, and the kingdom
would depart from thy hand, ^J-^j
Governable, %-**k« fnnUl^ Lu«^) ^^^^^^
mfimib» aUahU See Sabmissive*
Obedient.
Governess, «. ^U^l>> A^Kmal
Govemed,!?^^^^ madhiU^M^^ moMUm.
Gbvemment, i^^ij riy&iatf ^^^ An*
kUmai, Jl»- AM^m, JDM aydlat; (state),
dH^^ mamlakat. See Etnpire. Just
government, JjU J^ Anibit ^ddih
Tyrannical government, JU^ Jl»> hukm
nOiink, EzempWy justice necessary
for government, ^b^ ^jf i»A^\
OBiiydt hhsimat lH rtydiot.
Gbvemor, «. ^\^ haktm (pi. /#l^
GRA
(692)
GBA.
JltiXdw), ^\^ ioaU, The governor of
a castle, Ij^\ lailsr^ mukafit iU hal^.
The governor of Carmania, ^J^^ «^ j
wall karamdn. [j^aktln.
Gourd, t. ^J kar^, IcJ kar^at, ^j-lai
Gout, ijJ Uuaat, ^^*j!b ta^at, fj^^}
Mwk. See Taste.
Gout, 3. J-tfU«il j-sr^ wqfa^ al mufSLiil,
Kli^\ '1 J da almulnk.
Gouty, vl5^\ *b^ hikt da almtdok.
Gown, f. (woman's), ^Ir. «» ^ ^^fi»;
(man'8),jLiJ iwnJaB, j^li-*i.
Grace (favour), ilxc ^inayat, A*«*J nt^-
f?w^ fi^^*»^ kimdyat. See Assistance,
Help, Aid, Kindness. — (a benefit),
(virtue, excellence), iX^fadilatyJLc
iaiah; (pardon),^ ^fl/fi, ijM^mayh-
/arat, J^Jx yhufran; (beauty, ele-
gance), JWj- jamdl, !j\Ja zardfat,
iiiy latd/at, ^^^--o- Aiwn. A grace
said at meals, Uj du^d. To say grace,
^SLl «Aaifeflr. The graee of God, J^^
4d!t iawfikallah, aU\ L^ nt^ma^ o^/aA.
By the grace of God, J\m aUI f^fJ
hi iawf%k aOah ta^dla\ [wuam.
Grace, v. ^Ji^ hasaan, ^J fuiyyan, jjaj
Graceful, i-Jjjfe mH/, c-fl-U /««/. Jtr*^
jamiL See Beautiful, Dignified.
Gracefully, v-jU J^o JtA^J Z«//. To
walk gracefully, ii\Jff J^ j^^^*^ ««*?
Gracefulness, ii\Ja lardfat, cJU ^/,
JUsj- jam< y^y**^ h%Am,
Graceless, Jy-Si ikarir, ,^Jj radl. See
Wicked, Dissolute.
Orncious, i— fljU ia<l/« u^lU muldtify
katUr ul ihsdn, ^jsJ^ mtuhfik, ^.^j
rahlm. Most gracious, j^ dkr^m,
^dft a/ himmat,
Graciou8ly,'^U/ karaman, UU Zii(/aii.
Gracionsness, (^Jlal /u^.
Gradation, if-j*^ Air^j^tf^, ^-J'^ ***1^-
Gradual, ,^50^^*^^ teirijt-
Gradually, -j^jJ^V W<^«*^'-
Graff, «. gr^ <>r graff stock, jiia* ^Jj
Graff, f . Ji? te^^aw. See Ingraffl
Grain (com), ili ^Ao/W, ^^^-s>- Atii«J.
To sow grain, cjj eota^. A grain of
barley, »-*-i i^>" Ao^itf^ «Aa^Ir, A
grain (berry, etc.), <U>. hahbat (pL
4-j^-j»- Att^Jtti), tl^U^ habhai. A
grain or bead of a coral, ^j^^
habhat marjdn.
Grammar, J^L«5^^ alghrOmdOk,
»arf, uJ-Jl J^ ^»^» owai/, ^siH
annahu. A grammar, cJ^^ jJx «^t^
* ^^^^ ibt^& ^Ifn assarftcid nak^, A
grammarian, ^siT^ t-J^ J*^ »ti«^«Ci»
sarfwa nahn.
Grammatical, ,<^ «<»»/^> ^S°^ nakmd.
Grammatically, ^a^\ i^..^^^^ ^^J^ ^M
mHjib annahu. To inflect, oonj agate,
or decline grammatically, uJ;-* sarrmf.
Granary, #.^Lj' anhdrt ^j)^'^ maikun.
Grand, jj^ ^\m,jJi kahlr.
Grandchild, «. JjU. Ad/W.
Grandchildren, jU^^ aA/dJ.
Granddaughter, ijiU- Ad/£ffti<.
Grandee, 9. u-flj^ #A«n/, ix*£ ^umitt.
Grandees, iJ^jJI S-'^j^ ar^d& addmtUi,
Jt'-l\.A\ ^\^j\ arkdn td talUmaif ^^^
aS^U^dntdmamlakai, c-it^WArd^
OBA
(693)
OKA
Grandenr, A^hfi ^Mmat, JXf^-! ifldl,
dawlai wa ikbdl, l^yJL shawkat, j^
kubr or kibr. Bee Magnificence, State,
Sablimity.
Grandfather, grandure, «. J^jidd; (pa-
temal), J^/u^; (maternal), Jc^/kle^
Grandmother, #. J[3lj ndnat:
Grandson, «. Jils>. A4/M, ^;j)1 ^;j1 t^
al%bn\ (a daughter's son), \j>cJ!\ ^\
ihn al hinL
Grange, «. ^j/* matra^. See Farm.
Grant, r. (admit), JJ ieh$l, ^->^-^
(to bestow), ^^Jmmmj\ ancam ^M ;
^\ ^^y^M^\ ahion ih\ Jac^ ^i^y ^^
_lc an^am ^ala\ To grant permis-
sion, )tj\pA tj^ ^t^* qjdtat, ^^^^
i^a^j a^ rukh»at. Fortune has com-
passionated my case, and felt for the length of
my torment aod baming-, and granted me what
I desired, and removed that which I dreaded.
I will therefore forgive her the offences which
she committed in former times, even the injus-
tioe she has shown in taming my hair grey !
Grant, «. aU}\ in^dm \ (concession),
djl>-l ^dhat, isj\y muwd/akai, i)\^\
ijd%at, J^ kubul, \jfj ridd. See
Permission.
Gran table, -.y»«i^ mamniih,L\>'i\ v..^^tj
wajib id ijdhat, \^J\ t^^^^^^j^M^ mu-
itawfib al ridd.
Granted, _Jajc^ mu^to' ; (allowed),
^ja:>y^ murakhkhas, J^«a^ makblU,
Grantee, 9. aJ\ ^j^^^^s:^ muh$an Qayhi,
Granter, t. ^^Ly^!M ^U mdnihulihiSn,
,--^ muhiin. See Giver,
Granulary, granulated, granulous, Jl^
ij^tA\ L^\ mul al habhai auaghlrai.
To granulate (form into the resem-
blance of small grains), S^^f^ J***
j^jLc ^amal hubikh iaghdr.
Granule, #. L^ habbat.
Grape, ». i^^\r< ^msb. Sour or unripe
grapes, /y^»- huirum. Dried grapes,
raisins, or corinths, u-"«-Hj ubib,
J!i^ kuhmiih. A grape-seller, ^
bayyd^ ^eneb. Fox's grapes
JuijJl
.eneb
(nightshade),
asta^lab.
Grapnel, «. (small anchor), ijM\jtfj\
ankord ioghiral.
Grapple, grapnel, or grappling iron, #.
jL>. changal, uJlks^ khaitdf (pL
t_q,^lU^ khattdtlf). See Hook; oho
Contest, Fight, Conflict.
Grapple, v. (seize), clXuyu« meiek; (to
seize with a hook), uJUa^^ (lUKm^m
mnek bU khatULf; (to contend), lysjU}
tandn^. To grapple a ship, j;U
J.(;^jb t^T^*^^ t^f^^ ^ fnarkab bil
ehanffal.
Grasshopper, «. ifty\jS^ jardda.
Grasp, IT. k^ J^ibi^, (jAMft^ ^m^A. See*
Catch, Seize; also Strive, Encroach.
Grasp (of the hand), LdJ kabdat; (pos-
session, hold), i^j^ tasarruf.
Grass (just sprouting above ground).
Grate, «. (lattice), <OyuSi iha^yat. A
fire-grate, ^■>^>< mwabba^, *^y mauh-
kad. See Fire.
Grate, ». (rub or wear), uL^^ ^^ ; (to
GBA
(694)
OSA
make a hanli«oi8e)| i^p J^^ ^mmi
karka^at.
Grafted (T«bbe4), u^/^ mo/Ha; (lat-
ticed), iJJ>Zm^ tiuishabhaJL A .grated
windowi \li\fA Mhnbhdk.
Grateful, ^\ ^\Ji, iMJUr id M^am;
(agreeable), 4^^j^ marghohy ^}y^
makb^h [rin wa mo^rO/l
Gratefully, %.^jl^LL ^J^ likd skuk'
Gratefulness, (^^yi^ macro/'. vSeeGrati-
tade-^pleasaatnees), ^^^^^^ jaMh
Grater, «. UmaAhs mdkikaL
Gratification, jj^ iurHr. See Delight,
Pleasnre. — (reward), a\jO\ in^&m,
yjo^ ^wad, Sjp^jitd, ^Um>-1 iht&n,
j9^\ 4tfr. 'See Compensation.
Gratify, v, Lmj hiuatf ^j^ 4harah. See
Delight, Please, Indulge, Satisfy.
Gratis, \j{s^ vtafdtHm. To give gratis,
Ls»> ^Joe\ tf^to' jdhd, [Uj tcafd.
Gratitude, ^L^i ihukr, i^jit^ ma^Of,
Gratuitous, L>- ^d. Anything one is
compelled to do gratuitously (espe-
cially for the king)j Jfj^ sukhrah.
Gratuitously (without proof), JJoL
hOd dam, iJLi\^\ li hild uhdt.
Gratuity, ^\9j\ in^m.
Grave, «*^ luibr^ hy tMrhaty ijJ^
tnahlmrat. Agrove*digger,^^\jll».
hafffir al hubur. One who digs np
graves to rob the dead, ^^jtSl\ jV]^
sarrak al kafan, 0 son of Adam, how care-
less art thou of the case i^hich is before thee
(which thou miist undergo)! Thy TeazB and
age haTe diverted thee from paying any atten-
tion to this important affair, lowest thou not
that the cup of death will he filled for thee, and ,
that in a short time thou wiltdidnk itP Look,
then, to thTself, before entering thy grave.
Where are tnow who poeseesed ue eountries,
ahased the peoples of the earth, and led armies P
(I take God to witness) that the terminator of
delights, the separator of companions, and the
(devastator of flouridiing dwellingB, has alighted
Sgainat then, and has transported them firon
the amplitude of palaces to Ibe aSnutnen of
the gvave, ^ (J^Aif) te ^\ ^^ b
1 ^/Ji fj\ f^Z-'^S L%S
Grave, v. (engrave), ^J? tdba^^ ^/*sj
nahuh*
Grave (solemn),^l3j c^^s^-L^ Mtib wakdr.
Graved, graven, ^^c^ matikiuh.
Gravel, J^j rami, lid>- hoid^ or ^c-^^^--
The gravel or stone in the bladder.
lya^ hastcat, [Aoyitfi.
Orayely, j\j^ hi wakdr, JLjb ^jCJ iM
Graver, «. i^luJ nakkdsh ; (an engrav-
ing instrument), Ji kaiam.
Graving (8culpture),^^/i^,^;ib5j nalik.
Ghravitation, ^J^ mail, <^U^ar^ inft^L
Gravity (seriousness, solemnity), JLj^
?utyhat,j\j^ tv(d:dr ; (weight), ^J^ tiki.
And he was of handsome form, oomelT in
countenance, with an aspect of gravity, iii»-
nity, majesty, and«tatelines8, «^vl« ^
Gravy, iij^ 'maraka.
Gray (or ash colour), ^Iscui sinfdii,
4^ jU; ramddl. Gray-eyed, ^^J\ ami
(fern. \ijj %arkd). Growing gny
(becoming old), c^Ll s^di. A
gray-haired man, l^^ <Ady«5. A
gray-haiied woman, Liiit skayhaL
Gray-haired, c^Ll ^hdyih. A gny-
ORE
(f»5)
GBB
beard, ^ ^ajflk. Set OM
And 8t the apper Mid of thai chamber was
a great and Tenerable man, in the rides of
whoee beard grey hain had began to appewe^
(•-^ Jrj tr^' uL^SjX^ ^^
Graze, «. (feed as cattle on graas), Jtj
re^ (to feed cattle on pastare grounda),
^j r^. Sae Paatore.
Grazier, «. (feeder of cattle), i^jTCi^\
(a seller of cattle), ^ cLi layyd^
ghanam*
m
Grease, ^J duhn. See Fat, Tallow.
Bear's grease, ^Jxs)\ ^^ ihahm dl
khanxlr.
Grease, v. f^^^s ^ J dahhan hH thakm.
Greasy, ^^X« mudhtn.
Great (illastrious, di8tmg:niBhed)> ^tJofr
^aam,j^ lablr, JJl>- >aft/. See
Grand, Noble, Magnanimous^ Eminent,
Glorious. — (powerful), jus^ jahh&r,
jjlS kddir. See Omnipotent. — (large
of size), ^Ja£, ^m^jji kabir, j^-***:*-
jMlmm See Large, Big, Corpulent,
Immense. — (principal), J^Ux^ mutlak,
_Ltf^ M^; (great bellied), £L«l».
hdmilat] (vehement, yiolent), JoSJU
shadld. An affair of great moment,
M^ muhim, ^j^ amr tnuhim. Great
in number, J^Jk^ ^adld, A great
misfortune, ft^^^, hold ^nsfm. To
become great, jJ^ leh&r. To make
great, J^ kabhar. To assume great
airs, jiaju ia^asszam. Causing great
loss, tf*itrjji L.^>Mi^ mtuMib darar
.amlm.
Greater, greatest,^^) Mar^ ^as\ a^nam,
jusr^\ amjad. The greatest admira*
Greatly (in a great degree, extremely),
lAkf H ffMAyaty ^1 Ji9r i^UMi ; (iUtts-
taOUsly), j^fMft^^e^ itlMir^MI 0MMA*
Afir. See Nobly, lEagnaaimously,
Generoosly.— (bnvely), iflLsA jXi
Greatness (illustrionsness), uJ^ «Aarv/^,
J)U-1 (;%/, A^ karam ; (largeness of
goantity, extent, number^ eta), i^
koirai i (dignity), i(\p^jdh, ^y war-
tahat, iDjJ dawUU, c,,...^^ tnansab;
(power, potency), iy kuwat, ijdJ lu-
drat; (swelling pride, affected pomp),
\lj^ habriyd^JSj. takahhtr, j^ji ghir
ni.r ; (familiarity), Lk>- Lo^ mwdht^aU
Greece, ft^j\ SL hUdd arrHm.
Grecian, ^^j rflml, tjl^^ yfintfnf.
Greedily (eagerly), ^Ji9 J^ hikd tanuk^.
Greediness, ^j>- harm, wiL tama^,
hb\j^ ihar&hat See Yoraciousness,
Gluttony.
Greedy, eUt tammd^, Cl^^ tdmio,
j^^\ jjlfi^ya^dn aZ ^ayn. See Vo-
racious, Bapacious, Bavenous, Hungry,
Coyetous.
Green (in oolour),yiA£^\ akhdar ; (fresh),
Sj\j td%a, A green herb, i^^i^sL khu-
drat. Greens, green herbs, CLA^\j0asL
khadrd0dt. A green old age, jifi>-
khuld^ To make green, ^^«dbi- khaddar.
To become green, j»^^ ikhdar. A
green (grassy plain), ^.o^^! Jf^ «aA/
akhdar. See Meadow. A green colour,
j0a^\ ^y 7ai9ft akhdar. [khaddr.
Greenish, jUiJlJl JjU m5ytZ t7a' oZ
Greenly, jlaaeT hi khaddr ; (freshly),
ij\j ^yi hi wi^'hin idm ; (without ex-
perience), hjoerh hild tqfribat, t
GM
(696)
GEI
Greenness, ^^.J^L khudrai (pl.^^os^ khu-
dar) ; (freshness), i^\Jo iardwat.
Greet, v, ^le. JL iollum ^ala\ ^Jl CJ^\j
hSrak ila\ See Salate, Congratnlate.
Greeting, o^L^ muhdrakat, A greeting,
o^L« mubdrakai, aIL «a/dffi« See
Salate, Congratulation.
Grey. See Gray.
Greyhound, *. ^Li «^^ kalh tildkh
Grief, ^ y^«i, i^J^'lj ^fluwmi/, ^^
Ambu, ^ ham, ^^^ ^(^a^* Grief for
the absence of any person, Im*^ hat-
ratf ^js/urkat To cause grief, ma
ffham, 0 young man; thon bast increased my
anxiety, after haying dispelled my grief. But
tell me, 0 youth, where ia sheP and where
is (he tomt) where the negro is lying P
Grievance, «. Ji? %ulm,j^jawr.
Grieve, r. (vex), Ji^ zalam, ^ yA^iw.
See Afflict. — (to mourn), (^J^\ ahfutn.
Fear not nor grieye for thy son ; for I love mv
child more than thou, and my child is with
my brother ; therefore care not for the sea, nor
fear his being drowned, ,j)}seri^ uia^J
Grieved, A^.4JL^ ma^^mUm. See Afflicted.
I am grieved, 0 my mother, for that which
has happened to thee ; bat eyerything is in ac-
cordance with fate and destiny, JX^Jf^
j^j^ . And when the grandmother of
the King heard the words of her son Saleh,
she was violently incensed against him, and
was agitated and grieved, c:^.im»<i Uli
uuJiliil ^L \^\ ^1^ il^\ i>
Grieving, fart, Jt^ mughwn,
Grievingly, ^^ Jilj likd ghamm.
Grievous, Jl^ mughum. See Pusfol,
Oppressive.
Grievously, Ji? (JG Hkol ctflm, *i Jx;
&iib/ gham. See Painfolly, Oppref-
sirely.
Griffin, griffon, «. U:x ^ofijte.
Grim, ^'^{'^ muhib, tr^y^ ^ahui^yJc
^dhis. A grim countenance, ^;mm«£^ I
tpt^'h ^hUs,
Grimace, ijJS^ kashrat. [Cat
Grimalkin, ifjysP' ^Li katia ^afuse. See
Grime, v. ^^ iffossakh. See Begrime.
Grimly, ^y^ ^^^ hi wujhin ^o^i.
See Horribly, Hideously; also Grim.
Grimness, {j^*^ lobi.
Grin, ». (Jt^ talunk, j^jSJj takihir.
Grin, r. JiS kashBhar.
Grind, V, Jh^*** Mhdk, ^jo^ iahan; (to
pulverize), ^J^^ sahak ; (to sharpen',
^ tann ; (to oppress), JI? sai!tim. To
grind or be grinding, ^j^s!^ iahan. Any
place where they grind, ^^i.sr'^ m6i'
hanat.
Grinder, $. ^J^ tahhdn ; (a back tooth ,
c-^U ndh, \jMjo dirs. The grindos,
(jywji^ dttfUs, ^jm\j^\ adrdg.
Grindstone, «• (^;m«^ musan.
Gripe, v.j^ac ^Mor. See Grasp, Seise.
Gripe (grasp), (JXm^ mesek. [Colic.
Gripes, ^U^ mughdi. See BeUy-acbf,
Grisly, J^ ffttiAfl^. See Dreadfol,
Horrible, Hideous.
Grist, jJ J dakik, ^j^acr ^fi».
Gristle, i^mj0a£> ghadrnf.
6B0
(697)
GEO
Grit, J^ rami. See Ghravel, Sand.
Gritty, (J^y^ murmul.
Grizzle, grizzly. See Gray.
Groan, v, -.U ndh, ^Jj haJca\ ,
Groan, «. »\ dh, IG hukd, ..y nawh,
Jjyi ^ufil, ijSj tafrat (pi. ^^^J
sa/ra^). [^iamman.
Grocer, t. JlL 3ai^J, jlLr ^ttdr, ^CL»
Grocery, d-^]^^ hahdrdt
Groin, «• 2F^ls^t a/ khdiira.
Groom, «. ^^L» idyea, »^j^ Mrrdj,
^^Li tdyei, A groom of the bed-
chamber, v.....c^l». hdjxb. See Cham-
berlain.
Groove, 9.j^ futkir, sJl»- hufrat.
Groove, v, iji^ ^J^x ^amal hufrat.
Grope, r. ^^JuiJ dasdas, ^^m^ Zammaa.
Groper, 9. ^jmJujJw* mudmdis.
^ \ (thick, bulky), M^M^^-jaAm, *Jac
^1 ,«.. «/ y««. ;^ j:;:.
See Large, Corpulent, Fat. — (coarse),
Li kahd, lil£ ghaJl%. See Thick,
Dense. — (not pure), j^oUw^^ ghayr
IhaBf ^^jt^ g^yr sdfi, j^lflL^
yhayr khdlis; (indelicate), ^jAu^-li
fdhish; (duU, stupid), JuL balld,
^J^t^^ ahmak.
Gross, 9. (bulk or chief part), f^**^
majmUt,, sJt^ ha9rat\ (a coUectiye
Grossly (bulkily), t%\*u^ JJj htkolja-
9dmat; (without delicacy or good
manners), ^le Jili &i^^ ghdldtat.
Grossness (coarseness), ^Ic ghaldzat;
(unwieldy fatness), «t«L*>- ja9dinat,
^j.4^ Mm»; (want of delicacy), /•JkC
Zil^ ^a<^m %ardfat»
Grot, grotto, «. i^U/« mughdrat, cJ^
jMU^l
£aA/ (pi. uJ^ ibiAd/). See Cave*
And when be heard my words, he laid hold of
my hand, and said. Gome with me. And I
went with him, and he descended with me into
a grotto beneath the earth, ^^ ULi
Groye, 9. c^U ghdh, lAi. ghdhaU
Grovel, v. (creep), ^ulaJ^Lecgrwj soAff/
Ghround, ^j\ ard, Aj halad, ^-^]/ trdh.
See Earth, Land, Country, Begion,
Territory.— The snrfaoe of the ground,
^ i)\ <l8»»^ i^0f A m/ ard. A race ground,
^l Ju^ mlddn; (a land estate or farm),
cJlL«i am/^^. The. ground or foun-
dation of anything, ^jj^ 9huril^
tjcjl ibtidd; (cause), ci.^b hd^i9,
\_ -; ■ «0^5, ^Lk»ilj tod9itat. See Brca-
son. Motive.— The ground or field of
battle, ^^Ju/t mlddn. To fall upon
the ground, ^^^^ ,J-c ^^ wdka^ ^ala*
ul ard. The ground plan of a build-
ing, j^j ra9m ; aho the vestiges of a
ruined house on the ground. Anchor-
ing ground for shipping, L^ mind.
To ground <Mr lay the foundations of
knowledge, AjiS ^jtXJ\ ^Jo tarah a9d9
ul ^«7m.
Ground {part, q/* grind), ^y^uyb/s ma9nUn.
Ground-plot, 9, (space which a building
occupies, \L^\ ^j ra9m al hind.
G^unded, ^ju>^y mua99a9, ^Jn^*\3^ mu^
toMm, Well grounded, '^\j Jb^t
^LiHl ad rd9ikh ul a9d9, ^U:^!! if^^j
rd9tkh ul hunydn, ^^j^^ ^]j rdsihh
ul arkdn, [mujih al a99d9,
Groundedly, ^l-»3l^ ^.^.-cj-^ ^Ic ^aW
GBIT
(698)
GTTB
Gtonndless, i_%M«lb hUdtahab, ^,L.^\)h
hUd hd^is, i}^t^h hUd doM^ J^llb
lUd asL [sahab,
GroandlefiSDess, l,>^.mm11 ^J^ ^adatn at-
Groundwork, if j^li kd^idat, (jjX^ oida,
J^l ash
Group, «. ^^^^ mqfma^, ^^'^ j^^t*
<uUs^ jamd^aL To group, «-<«a^^
Grouped, ^y^^ mqfmU^,
Grow, V. (vegetate), ^^4j nama\
ndbat; (increase), jljjl itddd, ^y
tarakka\ To cause to grow, i^uw
nahbaL To grow in years, ^^^b aJ^
takaddam hU ^omr, uu^U ndhit,
Qrowmg, part. L5^^ i»amS; (as a tooth).
Growl, r. ^aaaj takamkam. See Snarl,
Grumble. [tnanhitt
Grown, aSk^ muidkaddim^ c:.^j^x
Growth, ifjbj ziyddat^ c\i(^j\ indiydd,
i^V/ tarakkh See Yegetation ; In-
crease, Advancement, Improvement.
Grub, V. ^li kala^ [diLd),
Grub, «. (worm), ijjj dudat (pi. (i>«J
(hudge,!;. *L«ij tdkamham, SeeGrumble,
Murmur. — (to be envious), SM^^-htuad.
SeeEnvy — (to be reluctant), JJ U ^dnad.
Grudge, 9, i^\jx. ^dddwat, ^joki huffhd,
JuM>. hasadf Jx ^hiU. See Rancour,
Enmity, Envy, Malice. — (censure),
i«L« maldm; (reluctance), 43«^ tarad-
dud, cU:;^*! m^Vnd^, jlix ^t»d<7. To
entertain a gradge, !iak^\ laA». Ao/as
a/ hughida. [Jum>- &iib7 AiMtfJ.
Grudgingly, jU^ J^ 3f%o/ ^t'ndef, J^
Gruel, Vj>^ ihorhd.
Gruff (grum), a .U «drm. See Austere,
Harsh, Sour, Morose.
Gruffhess, i^\j^ iardmat. To look with
gruffiiess, ^/MA^c^ ^i^.J^ nmar U
wajhin mu^Ms.
Grumble^ r. ^^X! iadammarj JtAssJ is-
Grumbler, «.y« Ja.« mic<tfi2(iffiflft«r, ^^Jr^
Grumbling, «. ^i^iJ to^mihcjii.
Guarantee, «. J^ ib/f ^ (pi. &a^ £«/«tt>
..t^U (22mm, ..i^w«M0 (iflmfii.
Guaranty, r. ^^^4^^ 420ffMfi, Ji^ hffd.
Guard, s. (sentinel, watch), Sailsr* ««-
hd/n, laiU. hdjk, UV^ ^^^^- ^
advanced or picket guard, iuuit taH^at,
^tXLt muhaddamat (pi. ci^L«JlL«
mwA^oiUicMnJU). Now Joharah, awaking fro*
sleep, was informed that her father was
taken captiye, and thai his guards h^d heea
slain. So she went forth from the palace, asd
fled, alone \sj herself to one of the klaz^
Guard, f. (defend), |^«4i^^»i«', la£>-
Ao/os. To guard against, ^j^j'^z^
ihtaxar min.
Guarded, ir^isr^ mahfUi, See Defended.
— (attended), L^ysT^^^ mashnh.
Guardian, 9. ^jf^\ amin, laiW ha/h (pL
mahdfit, i<«l^- Aomf. A guardian to
orphans, i^^ wasU A ^ardian
angel, ^J<js\ CSiy maldi ml Aorw.
Guardianship, guardship, ^lIajIs^ mtiAd-
foMot^ La\j>- hirdtatp ^U»- Mmofrnt,
iAiy UHikdyaL
Guarding, /?ar^. ^l^ Admi, k»l>- Ad^
Guardless, ^\^ ^U «id 2aAo imiAdjB}.
See Defenceless.
Guess, (jmUj Aiyd<, JL^^ tha^fdl, ^
OUI
(699)
oms.
mm ^^
'L^/Togue«,^W.
Gaeat, t. i-J^^i (&i5/(pl. f^y^^ <^a/)»
Jjj3. To receive or accommodate a
guest, uJli daf.
Guggle, 9. (as a bottle when decanting,
or water £rom a pipe), Jili iatta/,
Jj^ ghtlghd.
Guidance, Lt Jjb hiddyat, SjLS kiydiat.
See Gbvemment, Direction.
Guide, *. (for the road), (ji)^^ J-Jfc>
<2aM attarik^ dJUy* munkid. A guide
to the road of salyatioQ, 4^jlib A^f,
JJ^^ Adtft o^^ofij^, Jl&^ murshid.
Guide, V. t^«Xft hada\ Jj <^, JlI^
QuideWsSy ,^j\jb ^^ J ^ mni dUn hAil,
Guided, i^*3c^ mtfA^f . If Gk>d does
not anist thee ia what itioa pvpoflett to do,
no creatore whateTer can effect it ; and unless
He leads thee in the right patii, thon mvt
go wrong, eren if thon art guided hy the con-
stellation of Arcturus, i^\ ^^^•-•^ J \j\
Guile, ^lL»- hflat,jiXi. ghsdr. See Gun*
ning, Ftaod, Treachery. And it happened that
the fox counselled the wolf to assame benig-
nity, and to abandon wickedness, saying to
him, If thou i>er8eTere in thine arrogance,
probabW GK>d will giye power oTer thee to a
son of Adam ; for he is deyer in stratagems,
artifioe, and guilQ, L^Jjdl\ ^1 (J^^
0Uil\ ^Jy J3)\i ll^'jJl J^J^^
J^jO ij\i |*j1 j^l (ICL 411 laLi
Guileful, JLt maikdr, jl«Xe yhadddr.
See Cunning, Deceitful.
Guileless, jSkj^ ^ min ghayr yhadr.
Guilt, Ua^ kkata, mjPT J^rm^ f^^ ^9
^U kahdhai. See Guilt.
Guiltily, ^IJ J^ hikol iahdhat. Bee
Criminally.
Guiltiness, i>^Lj hdbdhaU See Guilt.
Guiltless, i^ji hatl. See Innocent.
GuilUesslj. See Innocently.
Guiltkasness. See Innocence.
Guilty, ^/B* mufrim* If I have heen
nilty of a fanlt agaiast yon, and committed a
deed which gave yon o^nce, I repent of my
crime ; and yonr clemency will extend to the
guilty who aares to implore yonr forgiyeness,
Guise, ijya tHrat, J^ ihail, l>-^
wajh, Jt^j I ratm. See Appearance,
Eashion, Manner, Mien, Dress, Custom.
Guitar, •- j^ kltdr. [hp lijjat.
Gulf, f. i^^J>- khalij; (abyss), ^Jax. ^umk,
Gull, V. jA£ gkadtir. A gull (trick),
<LL»> hilat^ jS£ ghadr. See Fraud.
Gullet, f. (^y^ halkum, jysii^ hanjur.
Gulp, V. ^ hala^ See Devour, Swallow.
Gulp, 8. ijjJL'shurhat,
Gum (fleshy covering of the teeth), ^
jjUmJ\ lahm a$$u$idn.
Gum (vegetable aobstance), we^^ sumgh.
Oum Arabici ^^ ^^^i^ tumgh ArabU
Gum ammoniac, ^J^^LS kand tMihak.
A Persian gum used in dressing
wounds, etc. (saroocoUa), (jmjM ^}^
kiM fdru. The gum or resin of a
pine or junipw tree, vlXlfi ^tlifc. Gum
tragaoanth, Xj^ kadra. Gum Sanda-
raoha, ^jjiH^ tandarHt. One lump
of gum, a gum-drop» ^aa^ iamghai.
(700)
HAD
0am, V. (close wr fasten with gam),
^^^ tummaghf f^^ wasal, ^yA IomJL
Gammy, ^4>«.jH ^Jl^ misl oisamgh.
Gon, «. (cannon), Oj^ madfa^ S^j^
tawh. To fire a gan, ^«v« S-^
darab madfa^.
Gonner, », ^vfT^ tawhfi,
Ganpowder, CL^^b harUt, t}^j\i hdrad.
Gan-shot, t. ^Ju^ LjJ darhat madfa^.
Guigle, V. (as water from a pipe, or a
bottle when decanting), fjJo hakbak.
See Giggle.
Gast, 9. (of wind), Jis^ nafkat.
Gasty gnsto, Jf^J tawh See Taste;
Liking, Eelish* [Intestines.
Gat, ^Jty ma^* (pi. U^l am^a). See
Gatter, t. <-^\;V« mtsra^.
Gattle, gazzle, v. See Gormandize,
Drink, Swallow. [care, Drankard.
Gattler, gozzler, s. See Glatton, Epi-
Guttaral (pronounced in the throat),
^J^ halki; (belonging to the throat,
a gnttaral letter), ^J^ ^J^ ^^^
halki.
Gymnastic (exercise), 4£;Ld^ mwara^.
Gymnasiam (place for athletic exercises),
U -
mlddn.
Gymnic (athletic man), e jl<4^ musdri^.
Gyration (turning round), ^\j^iy dawardn.
Gyre, ij}\j ddyrat. See Circle.
GjYe8,j^\jj zandjlr. See Potters.
Gyve, v.jSfTj %anjar. See Fetter.
H.
H is expressed in Arabic by -. and a.
The English alphabet having no simple
character to express the powers of «:.,
^ and ^ , A is subjoined to others
to represent them ; as M for ^, yl fsr
^, and sh for i^.
Ha! (inteijection of snrprise), iS\ «!1^
dHah aUah.
Haberdasher, «• (vender of small wars),
if*^jf>- 9yi hoffifd^ kkarda.
Habit, ^olc ^ddat, ^AcU kd^idat ; (a^
parel), (jmU /t^d#, iyi^hitwat. HaHt
of body), «p.t^ mttdy, wJ^ ^^, JbuJp
Habitable, ^j^ImJ yiMibii. One of the
four habitable quarters of the globe,
Habitation (dwelling in a place), hLi
fiknat, i^\j\ Hcdmat ; (aplaoeof abode »
^^> M.I ^ nuuianf m\JL^ makdv^, ^'^^
iTuiiton, cuwo day/. To fix a hatita-
tion, ^^y tawatian. [sVltydii.
Habitual, J4>cu**>< musta^malf c^^Lif *
Habituate oneself, v. ^U- J^ ^ainrctf
Habitude. See Habit, Eespect, ReUtica.
Hack. V. jjj^jij iafta^ bds.
kuta^. See Chop.
Hacked, ^kL« mukaUa^
Hackney, «. (pacbg horse), ^^y^ roAirds.
Had {part, of have) ; (also ihej>rHeriU\
I had a book, c^ls^^^Jcj^ ^\^\ «»
it^ ^an^ft JK^o^. And he said. By Allab. 0
my son, thon bast experienced an extraordisiuT
5 reservation ; and had it not been for the pre-
estined length of thy Ufc, then hadst not vi-
oaped from these adversities, _J J!i«
jj\iXuJf . But had not thy heart loved
me, and hadst thou not preferred me above s-
thy concnhines, I had not remained with ^£<
one honr, for I should have caat myself 'vzv
the sea from this window.diLli , . ^ !»•
FAT.
(701)
HAU
cr*^^ v^' ^/^ ^-^-y^j ^^^
•
Hag, ifjKsr^ ^}fi^ ^qfHuiohhdra, ir^Li
sdhtra. See Witch, Eaohantress.
Haggard, haggish, ^^Ln^ da^f; (ugly),
iahih, w^ ^MAt^; (antamed),
«7aA«Ai. See Wild.
Haggardly (deformedly), iAj^ ^jiJ hikol
Hail, hailstone, Ojf harad^
Hail (a term of salutation), aI^j ioldm.
Hail, 9. ^Jlc JLi M/^m ^oZa'.
Hair,yu2i «Aa^r. One hair, ^^ami iha^-
raU A curling lock of hair, ».
jajiat. Hair of the puhes, J^^tJi
ski^rat. So the Lady Danya made hsa^ her
two arms to the elbows, and be^an to search
into the old woman's head of h«ir, whereupon
the paper fell from her head ! C-^^««AJ
j^\ Li^ ^ ^>^ J^'
Hair-brained, ^Jj)b ^»7a tadhir, j^f^
tnutahawunr, ^J^*^-} wahshl. See WUd,
Hash.
Haircloth, Ji^ cA:^ A;Aay«A «^&^.
Hairless, fc^<^jji/r^ qfrUdi,
Hairy (very), ij,]/^ sha-^dnU
Halberd, «. ^j rumh, iij>- harhai,
y^jy* mtwrdk. See Battle-axe.
Halberdier, t. J^j rammdh.
Halcyon. See Placid, Quiet, Still.
Hale. See Healthy, Sound, Hearty.
Half, L^AoJ na$f (pi. uJU3l am&f).
The half of anything split, Uu^ ihik-
hat. Half-moon, Jib haldl. Half-
way, (jij^^ f^Jioj naa/attarlk. Half-
raw (ill-dressed meat), ij nayy. To
look through half-shut eyes, ^ ^S
Ax^ uJjb taUa^fl taraf ^yniho.
Hall, t. ixli kd^t\ (of audience), ^^j^
divdn ; (a court of justice), l^ilsr^
tnahkamat; (the principal room in a
house), ^U)f dlkd^at.
Hallelujah, <0^)Jjb haMnydk.
Halloo, 9. (to encourage hunting dogs),
Ju^\ L^^-^^ hawtcMh laidhanayd.
Hallow, V. ^jutf JJ taddas. See Consecrate.
Hallowed, (jMtXLt mukaddas.
Halo, «. (circle round the sun or moon),
U\jb hdlat (pi. c:.?)IU hdUt). And the
crowdings of the throng had gathered ronnd
him like the halo about the moon, or the shell
about fruit, VL:>-\ Xj L=^L>^t jJ^
Halt, f^. (limp), ^ jC ^raj. To cause
to halt, ^y£ ^arrt^. To halt (stop),
1^^^ wakkaf\ (to hesitate, to be irre-
solute), JJy taraddad.
Halt, halting, %. ^ jS. ^arj. The halt
of an army, JUU1 i^ma^, ^^CmjJI Jap
Halter, «. J.^.^- ^/. See Cord, Hope.
Halve, V. u,a.flvlb ^mjmJ ibewMm it7 luw/l
Ham, ^^^ l»qV>«>^ ma^f arrtkhat^ ^Jgj
jLJt 3a/it <M«d^ ; (the salted leg of a
Hame, b, (horse collar), JiUj sfudj^.
Hamlet, «. ^J^ mosraui^, ^j)/< m^**
sSr»^.
Hammer, «. '9^^^ chdhaj, A smith's
hammer, ^Ja^ matrdkat.
Hammer, v. ^jjb tarak, Ji J iJai, c-^
<^a5. See Forge.
Hamper, $. J--^J wmJiJ (pi. J-jUj «ma-
il/), Hi ibf^. See Basket, Pannier.
HAJT
(702)
Ka
Hamper, «. (to embaxTav), il^ f
iharhak, js>- A^yyflr. See Perjilez,
Entangle. — (to eocludn%jJ:ifi>- /flMar.
Hand, <• jj yo^ (jkL «/^Ij1 ajrd^).
The right hand, ,^5^^ <^^ ^^ ^
$anm^. The two hands, ^1jJ\ «/
yaddn, ^'^^ a/ jtm^ The pahn of
the hand, i^J^I a£bf. A tendon of
the handy ^J^^ i^r^ ^^ oaiard^.
To make a ngn widi the hand, J^«^
itXmi XjViA ^amai ithdrak hi yuddiko.
To consign or deliver into one's hand,
''^.<^f^ %«««. H«|d
writing, «X[i3sw Ihatt yad. Hand in
hand, Jui jj ^tm^ ^aI. From hand
to hand, Jj ^\ Jj ^ min yad %Ui
yad» The hand of a watch, clock, or
dial, iL^LJ^ S-{7^ ^hroh asid^ah.
Beforehand, i^\awfoalan. Ontofhand,
(presently), )l»- ^iStin. At hand
(near) u.^^ ibri3.
Hand, v. (give from hand to hand), ^ JLi
Jj ^1 Jj iaUam min yad ila^ yad, J^l3
nawal. And when his uncle saw the son of his
sister in this condition, and knew that* he did
not like to return to his mother, bnt would go
with him, he took from Ms finger a seal-ring,
on which were engraved some of the names of
God, (whose name be praised !) and handed it
to the King, ^^\ J\j\^ JUJ^ ^^\ ^
U;,^! ij\ fXsf il\J\ nOJk Jie is^\
^' *** r)J. ^ ^'^ J' ^frji u
\
*U.d1 <LJi-e \L^Li^ UjU»- tju^ ^
Hand-basket, «. Jj Jrt^J sa»^{^ y«J.
Hand-bell, «. jJl^ \j**j^ j^'^^^ iayhlr.
See Small bell.
Hand-breadth, «. jJ\ l^\j rdhat aiyud.
Handed (from one to another), ^ aLum^
Juf ^\ 4^ mtMallam min yaddin ila* y^d.
Handfbl, a. IJLui Imuk^i, laui hMtt.
A handlnl (small qnantity), hJL
MnutPttyy^tm
Hand gon, «• ^J^^^J tervdSf.
Handicraft, jJ^ Xk:^ mw^ ^^ ^^
kirfmt, And as fiir ^ arte of thoK vko
practise handicraft, tJieir pminit *r^**^**
nothing beyond bare mainteiuraoe ; and, beside
that, tMy aronoi available at all tbae^ for ^
exercise of them is chieAj eonfined to ^
▼igonr of life. Nor haye I, on expcncas.
diseoTcrod a iiBgle method ci anbairtenet fttf
offera priiea brai preciooa and eaaj- to vis.
that is truly agreeable, that yidds abandns
gains, or IB a source of dear profit, exeept Ai:
whereof Sasan laid the foundatioB, vlifle k
practised it in all its Tarious bran^iea. Bide
its splendour to shine in every ^lectMn, wd
di^layed it as a lantern to goide the sons ef
dnet, * tL^lc \\.n\\ ^^\ uJ^ U.
Handily, ^[aXi^ J^ &f Jb/ «m^0^.
HandinesB, ^UCmia tan^h, ifilL^ «A4i2arai(.
Handiwork, jJ\ ^JkJL thayhal d y§i.
See Manafactnre.
Handkerchief, «. ^l«^iB^ maArom^.
Handle, i, JiAJ kabdat, c^ldj nisdk A
handle (caose, pretence), v_, -^a-t sii-
/Ki^. Without a handle (|»et»ice), L
L^*.^^ ^t7d mUjib.
Handle, v. cl^w..^ tneiek^ ^jm^ Ismm.
Handled, (jm^mu^ mam^iU,
Handless, Jo^ ^^^ mtii ^hayr yati
Handmaid, «. ^ul^^s^^ ihaddime^
Handmill, dLj^U^ tdhtLne, a^bor^ sr
^Aon^. The handle of % handmQl, x^
^^lUI yad attahUnp,
KAS
(703)
HiLP
Handaawy «. iX[ jUo^ mumhdr yad.
Handsel (the first money a seller veeeiyes
in a morning; earnest), ^\::i&i.ii Utif-
taK To handsel, ShJi iitafiah.
Handsome, J«.4J»*/fffU J. See BeaatiAil,
Gracefol, Elegant. — ^A handsome for-
tune, A-fia£ JU mdl ^oAm. A hand-
some or generous action, f^;^^^ (J*^
Jt^l Jamil. And wliile thej were engaged in
the game, she cast a glance, and heheld among
the soldiers a young man, than whom there
was none more handsome in aspect, nor any
more beaatifiil in appearance, hnght in coun-
tenance, with laughing teeth, tall, and wide
shouldered, s,.^.irl W ^ ^ U-'-j * t
Handsomely (beautifully), ^^;***^ J^
JUis»-^ hikol huifUn wa jam&l, 8ee
Elegantly, Gbaoefully. — (liberally),
^ /^ 1^^^^ ii^ ^^^ Mikhdwatih toaka-
ram. See Generously.
Handsomeness, JUj>-y(0mdJ, ^;ma». A«mi.
See Beauty, Grace.
Handwriting, Jj la^ hhatt yadd.
Handy, ^j^ nint^, Jb\JU shdttr. See
Dextrous. — (convenient), ^jA l&yil,
v«.-^li*« mttwflitft; (at hand), ^1^-
Julb Aoiiir lU yadd, *^fTy fnatpfud,
\_-iy karlh ; (performed by the hand).
Hang, r. (up), jlt ^fl//fl^; (to Ml by
suspending by the neck), ^IiJa shanak ;
(to be suspended), j;Lu ta^aUak; (to
be delayed or suspnided, to drag or
lingw), jaj\3 iaakhkhar, li^y tawak-
haf. To hang upon the neck, J^^^
lonok. See Bmbraoe. ijod I ordered them
to clothe thenselTes wit^ the long coats of
mailt to hanff on the keen swords, to place in
rest the temble lances, and mount the high-
blooded horses, ^^m-Ju ^ f^ ^U
Hanged (strangled), (jy^l^ tnashnuk.
Deserving to be hanged, k^^^^jpuj*^
j;iduJ^ mustawjib ashshank.
Hanger, «. (one who suspends), j;Sjt/e
mu^ik. A pot-hanger, (mJi^ kuHdh,
Hanging (suspended), part, and adf,,
f^*y mu^aUikf JpXL^ tnut^UiL
Hanging up, «. fJ^jC ia^llk. Hanging
(strangulation), Jh^ shank.
Hanging, hangings (tapestry), CL>W J^
harddydt. See Curtain. [tioner.
Hangman, «• Si^jalldd. See Execu-
Hanker, v. (have an inclination for),
^\iJ^\ ishtdkf JU md^. See Desire.
A hankering, J^ tiiay/, Lsj rughhat,
^yti shawk.
Hap, hap-hazard, ^j^ ^arid, j\Ju\
itii/dk, JLjjU- hddisatf £4mJ kwnat.
See Chance, Accident, I'ortune. To
hap, (>!,?. \fw hadas.
Haply (by chance), UU7\ f7^»/d£im;
(perhaps), JjJ la^Ua,
Hapless, ^/m^^L« tnanhUi, (jr^^a^ ^Ut
mdlaho hakht. See Unfortunate, Un-
happy.
Happen, v. J-tf>- hasalf ^ sdr, jXa
$adar, ^jC- ^arad, CJJ^»- hadas. The
age of thy son is seventeen yean, and he is not
married. Fearing that something may happen
to him, and he may not have a son, I there-
fore desire that he should marry one of the
Qjaeens of ^e Sea, that shall be like him in
beauty and loveliness, u/jJj
.J
w
>^J z>j^' ,jj Uu/rf ilj^
HAE
(704)
HAS
Happily (fortunately), if jUms J^ ^tib/
JLil^ Juu.} (J^ if^/ sa^in wa ikhdl;
(in a state of felicity), JucmJ htsa^din ;
(with address), S^Ux^ J^ ^»ib/ shatd-
rat ; (not laboured), (Xfs»- ^J#'^ ^
5ite jaddin wold jahd.
Happiness, ifoljua sa^dat, JlJl t^^d/,
Bee Felicity, Prosperity. Therefore, if thou be
not in a state of comfort, arise and accompany
ns to our country and family ; but if thou be
comfortable here, in honour and happiness,
this is our desire and wish, l::^:^ ^\i
^^i-*!^^ j|^\ yfc \jk^^j^«^. Where-
upon the foj. was greatly ind violently excited
by hMppiness and joy ; his anxiety and grief
ceased, and in merry tones he sang tnese
verses .... bl^^l u^^Jjdll L-^^L^li
Happy, Jujuj sa^Id, t^yuu^ tnas^ad. See
Prosperous. Happy tidings, ^^-ri-^^-ri-
hhdbar hhayr. A happy omen, Jli
CSj\^ fal mubdrak. Having a happy
manner or fine address, ^1^ (^..-.^^-litf
idhib Mrdfat, «— ij^ 8«rf/, v,,.../wLg
Xiiy sdhih latdfat, uXD ia/7/.
Harangue, s. Ai kaldm^ ^^?lla'^v■ khitdh,
^m]n< khuthat or hhuthah. To harangue,
Haranguer, Jii^ mutahallam.
Harass, r. ^y lauwashj v,, <^tr7\ «^ui.
See Fatigue, Yex. [Foremnner.
Harbinger, «. ij^5/umJ ^yfAt<rfi«A. See
Harbour, «• (for shipping), L^^ mum;
(asylum), \jsr^ malfd. And lo, a vesid.
approached, wherein were many merchiBti;
and when she arrived at the harbour of tk
city, the captain furled the sails, and bioofbt
her to an anchor by the shore, \S*
Uii -^ jiUsT l^^ cuJui^ji *^-r^^
Harbour, v, (shelter), j«;^f iUof*'.
mm
Hard (firm, solid), ,^|i kawi; (oppres-
sive), JJ Jul. thadldy JUd tdlim ; (diffi-
cult), ^MMbC ^Mir, L,'t>ff »a^h. See
Arduous. — (unfeeling), i<-»Vi han.
See Insensible — (stingy), ^J-aT **"
hhll. See Avaricious. — Hard condition.
^IcJt ij^i*us. laj|^ ihardyet ^oArst
arra^dyat. Hard to be underbtood,
JiLuL« mashkah Hardbound, ^Cii'^
tnunkahid, fjo^fS^ fnakbud^ Hard,
hard by, c-^^^ ibrfi, Xx ^nd.
Harden, i?. ^ J kawwa\ To harden the
heart, u^^Jlftll _JlS i^Ma' a/ hdh.
Hard-favoured, , h ; 4> H ^^^^^ kartk ti
mansuir.
Hard-hearted, c,.J.aH ^\j insl alU&,
d,Ao^j^\ j^Ss. adlm almarhamatp ^J^
kdsl. See Cruel, Merciless.
Hard-hearteduess, tU^^^I aJlc ^fdam
arrahmat, ^jLi hudwat. See CroeltT.
Hardiness, ^Lu^/Mdra^ See Bravery,
Courage. — (vigour), i^ kuwai; (ef-
frontery), L^JLii kittai hayd. See
Impudence.
Hardly (with eeveriiy), ^U» JCj liU
HAB
(705)
HAS
Jl «1 ardnib.
ior&mai. See SQarcd7.-^(with dU&-
cnlty), j^^ JG hibd jaid. See
Rigofooilj, Un&TouraUy, Hanhly.
ExtdDetBfht^ ioldM; (rigidnefs), ifj^
MkUa, i^i:^ ^f, (diffienlty), "
Hardship, J1I9 wulm, 4^tX«J tacoddl,
jawr. See Oppression^ Injury. — (diffi-
culty, inconyenience), ^jy^^ iu^iihai.
Hardy (bold, braye)ij|^«M>-/(Wilr; (stont)^
Hare, 8» i-^f amah,
Hark, v. (hearken), w*:^^^ M^nma^. See
Listen. — Hark ! ^^^^ wna^.
Harlot, $. lj\j tdniyaiy SJL^-M fdhUhat,
SaJ<5 fOnkat, LJ hahbaL See Whore.
Harm, v.j^ dor, JA? M&m, jJ^ ghadr.
See Injurei, Oppress^ Damage.
Harm, jj^a darar, h3\ iuyat. See In-
jury, Hurt, Damage. — (oppression),
j^ jawr, ^^«^ ta^addl, J]ff udm \
(fianlt, crime), ^*.dAji^«falr. See Grime,
WiekednMi. Tbe old woman then came near
to her, and said, No one can ntter a word on
this BnVjeet ont of fear of thj power and the
dignity of thy father, and there will he no
httrm in thy retnming him an answer,
^ JutiH v::JU^ l^.lr j^\ w^U
^^ AS^\ \j
^r^.^
\^\
Harmful, yo^ mudir. See Hurtful,
lojurioufl.
Harmfully, ^ ,J^ itife/ darar.
Harmless, jo^jti. ghayr mudirr*
Harmoniouii, harmonical, harmonic (con-
cordant), L%S6 \_-if^^-r idhib naghmat ;
(sweet sounding), ii^^ mukLgim ;
(well adapted), (ji^y muwOfik.
HarmonioDsly (musieally), LJv jXj iHol
fmghmat,
HarmoniousnesSjhannony, IaJC naghmat.
Harmony (proportion), iM^y mutedfakat,
sj^JL^ mundtaiat; (concord of senti-
ment), j\sO\ Mi/ak.
Harness (for horses, etc.), eu^g^ rakht
Harp, I. CXl>- jankf JyP ^nd.
Harpoon, «. wJlIu'^ hhgiUif.
Harpoo9i f. <»J\]Mrb dUiswx mwik hi
khatidf,
Harquebuss, $. ^^^j^li hdrilde. See Gun.
Hftrrow, «. 4aLm^ nuulafat,
Harrow, 9. 4.j3Li'««2(i/. To harrow up
the soul (disturb the mind), lij^
JUl Bkawtoath albdl.
Harsh (to the taste), ^ mmr, 0^ hadd.
See Sour, Sharp, Acrid, Pungent, Salt,
Bitter.'— (in disposition), Jj jJ« thadld,
^yus, ^unfl ; (violent), ^^j^ jabri,
i^j^ kahri. See Rigorous, Seyere.
Harshness (of taste), ij\^ mardrat.
See Bitterness, Sourness. — (violence),
L-fl'*f. ^nf,jfp^ jakr. "TBLoi^ long shall
this aTorsion and harshness continue ? Are
not the tears which my eyes hare shed up to
the present sufficient? V^^ ^^^ z^
Hart, «• Jj^ aya/, Jj^^ ar^o/. See Buck,
Deer.
Harvest, ^yAS^ mahs^l, j\ma»- hisdd.
In harvest (or reaping time), c:-^^^
jliAc)^ /I icakt al hisdd. A harvest
(opportunity or season of gain), u:^^
ifjjUlf t^oj^^ alfdyidat. A most plen-
tiful harvest, w^l^l m,^j^ J^^iS^
moA^/ ^0m2in a/ barakdt.
Hash, V. wLi ia^/a^. To hash meat,
46
HAS
(706)
HAV
A4mS 0^ faram l^ma, A bash, ^U«3
Mma» [rah.
HaMOck, t. * jlfi' tajjdis, 9j:»a^ ibci-
Hastc, ILsP- ^afalat, jls^ ta^%
J^«-»^ fBtufdl, icj^ 9¥r^. See
Htiny, Speed, QaicknesB, Celerity,
Nimbleness, Frecipitatioii. — ^Making
haste, J^E^^^^t iitatjal. And ahe aaid
to him, Make haste and go and bring him to
me without any ddaj or any neeligence;
and he replied to her. On tiie headend eye,
Haste, hasten, make haste, r. ^ ^1 Mrac,
Jjc^^^^Uj^eyo/. To haste, baateDyCanse
to make haste, (J^ iW^- ^ hastener,
mustuzjtl. Come np quickly
. !
^^\ aibMM«tt0l^;(iwb,pRcipitat^
wmMawwir. So vIwb they
heaid hia wocdi they
Sof temper and very
ted from tfaeff
and went in to the king, V
into the ship, hasten to emhark, leave your
effects, and flee with yonr lives and saye yoor-
selres from destruction quickly, ^jCj^\
Hastily (in a hurry), XLs^l ^Jl& ^ala*
al ^ajalat, Ikj^ sarJ^an; (with ye-
hemence or passion), iJj^^ itX^ jXj
bikol hidatin wa Mhiddat, So when I reached
the earth, I hastily untied the hond from its
foot, fearing it, though it knew not me nor
was sensible of me, ^\ iwJu^^ LsJj
Hastiness (passion, Tehemence), irj^l
Mddat, iS^ hiddat. See Haste, Pre-
cipitation.
Hasty, J^ ^ajul, J-^ ^a^\l, jj^
Mirf^; (yebement, passionate), Jj«3J«
Hat, f . ^i^ek^ji ftomifo.
Hatch, r. (eggs), sji^^^ji /mmBgi,
yjo^ \^ *\^as^ hadanat &fly^i (to ooc-
triye), 9/^^ Misra^, ?^^ Mads^,
Hatch, t. (brood of chickens), f^J^
iafrlkh. [^/U al iutt^
Hatchel, v. (beat flax), ^^\ ^^
Hatchet, «. (or axe), (jmU Jat^
Hate, 9. (^^d«J haghai. See Abhor, la-
test.— To hate one another, ^^ioiL.'
Hate, hatred, ^f/ karakiyai, s\^'
hakd (pi. jUd.1 oAteJ,
Aiiihl(?, JjU£>- hakdyeS). See Hatred.
Malignity, Detestation, Enmity.
Hateful, ^^S^ makrUK^ i^^yakf ma§kr
duly y^fu^ mabffhud, J|^*Le^^ S^^^
makbuL See Malignant, MaleTolent
Hatefully, Z.^ JXj &i'i&o/ hughdmt.
Hater, «. ^jok^ muhghid.
Have, 9. (possess), 2^X£ ctimibAo. See
Hold, Possess, Enjoy, Obtain, ReceiT^,
Contain. — To hare confidence, j^^l
i^takad. To haye doubts, C^ *UL
To have malice, Jum»- hamid. To ban
possession, uJj^ iaiarrrf, I hatv.
J ft. Thou hast, C<1 £»l (fern. ^uJJ
/ifib*). He has, ds) Uho (fem. l^ /£U\
We hare, U /iitd. Ye have, mQ
HAW
(707)
HEi.
Thej have, ^ likum. Know then
that she has a garden, adjaoent to her palace,
for her diTersion, and she goes ont into it once
a month, from the private door, ^\ Jlfl
jJiS i^\» • And he had a hundred
oononbinee, hnt he had not heen hlest, dnring
his whole Ufe, with a male or female child by
any of them, and he reflected npon this and
hegaa to lament his own state, ^>l^j
4lU JjiujL-L
Haughtily, aLk7 ^^ htkol ta^auum,
L%iac Jjj hikol ^nmat. To hehave
haughtily, (^- ta^a^m,JSj takahhar.
Hanghtine88,^^I0 takabhur, \jj^ kibriyd,
J^ ta^atxum. See Arrogance, PHde.
How art thou reduced to humility and sub-
mission, and abjection and obsequiousness,
after thy disdain and pride, thy tpanny and
haughtiness, Cy.ajJ1 ^\ CLJj^ \^Jl^
Haoghty,^^;!^^^ mutahahhir. See Proud,
Contemptuous.
Having, part, ^Jcx ^indaho,^ [Draw.
HanU V. u-^,^^ sahah. See Pull, Drag,
Haunch, ». Cjijy wirk.
Haunt, V. (frequent), ^ ^ lafd ^ala\
Hayoc, c^^aT iakhrih, \aJu yaghmd.
See Waste, Devastation. — To make
havoc, S-y^ hharab. See Waste,
Spoil, Destroy, Injure.
Haw, #. (web or cataract in the eye).
Hawk, 8.j\i hdz, jLa sakr, A sparrow
hawk, J^Ij hdshtk. A man does not
attain (his desires) in his own country, just as
a hawk catches no prey in its own nesi,,
^yL^]^ Uj\ ^ jJLj ^ ^j^\^
Hawk or hunt with hawks, r. jy^ S^
Jh^UI ^ taoayyad tuyikrftl hdshik*
Hay, (jM;JU:>^ hoiMih (pi. (jmjII^-
hashdyuh), t^lg ^alaf.
Hazard (accident), cl^jU- hddi$, iix^
audfat ; (danger), jLfi- Jthaiar.
Hazard, v. ^Jo\:>- khdtar/i. See Bisk*
Hazardous, t— fj^c^ mukhnf.
He, yh Aa.
Head, «• (jm|^ rd#. The head or chief
part of anything, ^j^j raye%. The
crown of the head, (jm^^ /^^ tunm
orrSi. A head 9r head man, {j*»\j rat.
Headmen (grandees), ^^LcT a^ydn,
uJU^f oihrdf, 2f^^ iffujuh. Head
(intellect), Jin ^o^, M^fahm, ijJ\jJ\
idrdk, «^ ^<i3^, X^l^ybraM^ See
Understanding. — (source), J-^^l m^
lli/« mafMAd, \ju/* mabdd. See
Spring. — To make head against, >«>^Ia
kdwam. To be head and ears in love,
(JJ^ ^hek. Head and shoulders,
\j^ kahran. See Force. — From head
to.foot, ^ Jkdl ^1 u^y^ fj^ ****» tfira*
ila* al kadam. The heads of a dis-
course^ (^Uof 1 J^^ fiuHl al khitdK,
To he at the head, to take the head of
a table or other place of honour, JoJ
jtxJi\} ka^ad M tadr. It came into
hiahead, ^b J^^ksL khatir fi IdliHa.
Headache, «. ^jt^J^ ^Tj tcro;^ orrdf.
Headed (having a head), {^\j <d laho rdi^
Bare-headed, \jJJ\ u- f^M..C>» makahnf
arrdi. [Stuhhomnese.
Headine88> ij\Mi>'jaiarat. SeeEashnesa^
asA
(708)
HEA
Headland, «. J^\ {jti\j ra9 affabal,
J^\ k^\ «»/ aifabal. See Cape.
HeacBesB, ^j ^U mdlako r&»\ (ineon-
8iderate),^Jj h htU UMHr.
Headlong (head foiemoat), jjf-^ muU-
hmowir. See Baski Thoughtiese.
Head-qoarten (of an anny, «te.), Jl^
Headahip, Lb\)j riifoHU. See Djgmty,
Authority.
Headsman, i^ls^jttUdd. See Executioner.
Headstall, §. (of a hridle), ^U^l i/^\j
rd$ ul Ujdm*
Headstrong, heady (iingeyemal>le)| ^^
m,Ja^ ghayr mM^.
Heady (intozicating),^^^^^^ nmMr.
Heal, v. mtrant. ^^ ahe/l ; traiu* ^^JU^
shafi^. To heal dissensions, JU $alak.
See Beeenoile*
Healed, (^^^ ^^ ^-'^ M&Mma/mar«^.
Healer, s. jJli «M/i, ^^^aA^ mmhfi.
Healing, pmi. ^\Ji^ ihafi. See Assua-
sive, Oentle, Mild, Mollifying.
Health (of hody), Isf^ sahhat, iJU
^afiyat, iULj MktnuU, U^ sha/d. To
recover health, (.^^U? tab. Health to
you, here is your health (when drink-
ing), 4Uilcj 4«f^ 9ahh(U torn ^aftyat ;
(salvation), ^Hr^ it^ate«, JW* na/fi^
Healthfulness (of cKmate), \y^\ J^JCLi:^
i^tidal al hawd. See Salubrity, Health.
Healthy, <i\jc^ mut^dfl, <UJlc l-^^^-I**
#dAei ^dfiyaU To be healthy, ic^^
Heap, 9, L*^ hn/maU "^^^ majma^
• fUi^r' y<«»a^, ifiU>- y<imfi^«^ See
Pile, Hillock, Accumulation, Oluster,
Crowd.
Heap, V. ^^ jama^ mif Immowom*
Heaped, ajL« wdbvuwai, ^-asje^ mi^
tom^. See Accumulated, Piled*
Hear, v. (with the ears), ^4S>^\ i$Um§^
^^ Mmiu^ See Listen, Hearken.—
To hear judicially (to try causes',
i^^UjSI •■^r.^il utama^adia^wi. Tbs
iiiheniMi MjoiMd wlien he heard tlia— woda,
and said, On my head be joar commaaiU : I
win rettom with you, o\^\ ^^t^ Uli
^\j > ^1 jii, t> ^1 li.
Heafd, part, ^y^^^i^ iiiiim»fi^.
Heaid, pnt. ^ks^\ utama^
Hearer, J. ^L> 9dm%^ ^j»<t
'ELdBBRjog, part. ^■♦:»».^ mtiffteif ^ ^L
Mdmi^ The sense, a^ the ozgans of
hearing, «-amJ1 auama^ dM^uJi\ iy
hlwat oitdnm^. A hearing or audi-
ence, ^^^Jls^^ jl^ hiidUr id mafia.
Within hearing (near), u-<^^ i^nht
jc^ ^tfti. See Near. [Lbteo.
Hearken, v. 9^'i^\ i$tama^. See Hear,
Hearsay, ^y^***^ aK kaldm puumu^
And he said, Tes, 0 my node ; and I beeaxae
enamoured of her from hearsay, when I heard
what you said. My heart is t^ptiraied ^
devoted to her, and I have not force nor pa-
tience to be £ur from her, *jcJ J^
Heart, «. u^ il«^ (pi. c^jli ^N
Eejoicing the heart, v»JuiI^ CJ^ **'
/rih al kalb. Pure of heart, ^^jk
^lijs! \ khdlie mljandn. Heart-brokea,
jiu^-f i^Ji ib2& ma^tOr. IVom the
bottom (inside) of the heart, ^
HEA.
(709)
HBE
heart, c^JlaSI ii\ya muMal hM. Hard-
hearted, c^JJt ^U hM al hM.
The flame of lore for those (l^diM) bontiniiee
ever buraing in the hearts, jwt as the fire of
hospitality continaes to be kindled by these
(men) on the heights, ^^^j^ L::>vy7
Hearten, #. ^^^/y kamfia* kalbak^
See Animate, Eacourage.
Heartilj (sincerely), Ui ItMan, JOuJlj
hihidi; (eagerly), j^ JG hiholihawl.
Heartiness (sincerity), ^i-i^ haklkat,
«)i9^Ju0 9addhat\ (ardour), ^U4i»» ^tm-
mlatf ij^fC. ghayrat. [Timid.
Heartless, c.Ji alU md2tiAo ib2&. See
Hearty (sincere), JjU «diti(; (in full
health), ^^^cl^ mn^^d/f. See Healthy,
StroDg, Vigorous.
Heat, *^|^ har&rat,js>- harr\ (passion),
%^^r ghadab\ (ardour, zeal), ij^i.
ghfrat. He joarneyed on during the whole of
the remainder of that night, and the next day,
until the beat of the sun became fierce, and
the mountains were of a burning heat, and
thirstoppressedhim most violently, jLui
Heat, V, ^<4^>» hamnia* ; (to make fever*
ish), f^^^^-^- hammam; (to enrage),
c, ^^nr] aghddb.
Heated (warmed), A^-^b^^^ ma^miim,
i^yL^ muihawwih ; (enraged), c,>j.rit^
maghdnh, c^ij^Jr ghadnh.
Heathen, «• ^J^ wa»anl^jl^ JtOfir,
Heathen, oAj, y!^ hifity ^^^ wMUta.
Heave, p. (lift, raise), Oj ra/a^.
Heaven (paradise), UaJ\ aisamS, ^^^J^f
al/ardMD$; (tkj), \aJ1\ (fuamd. .The
heayias, d^l^UyJ^ aaamdwdL The
highest heaven (the xesidence of
Omnipotenee), cMsPi vl^U falak a/
aflak The heaven er sphere (of the
moon),j^\C^/aiakulkamar. The
starry heavens, a^^' (*^ wiMt MiN^'am.
Heavenly, b/^l«w Mwidi^f • The heavenly
luminaries, UmJI ^jLb^ mafddih m-
MinJ. [iiU) Mib/ Mkdlal,
Heavily (ponderously), Laj iolalan, Jij
Heaviness (ponderonsness), JjJ «iifc^;
(dejection), ^ ^Aam. See Sadness,
Oppression. — (dullness, stupidity),
JjUl\ AtX£ ^adam pt ^kl.
Heavy, J^ $akll (pi. JUj «ajto^) ; (op-
pressive), Jli? sdMn. [Weekly.
Hehdomadal, ^^^^^ M^^i. See
Hebrew, ci^^ ^t^Ani. A Hebrew
(Jew), v^^^ gahudi.
Hectic, (Jy J^ madkfkh, A heetie fever,
jjjj\ X4i^> himmat addak.
Hector, t. See Braggadocio, Bully.
Heed, v. See Attend, Mind^ Begard.
Heed, l:cx\ t^tind. See Care, Attention,
Caution, Observation, Notiee, Begard.
Heedful. See Attentive, Watchful, Care-
ful, Cautious.
HeedfuUy. See Attentively, etc.
Heedfulness. See Vigilance, Caution.
Heedless. See Jncaution, Careless.
Heedlessness, ^Llii ghaflat. See Inat-
tention, Negligence. I then returned to my
reason and recovered from m heedlessness,,
and found that my wealth baa passed away^
my eondition had ohaoged, and aU I had
possessed was gone, ^\ kj^^nokj ^J\ ^
HEI
(710)
HEL
Heel, #. ^^^n^ Jk^. The teodon of the
heeli ^->y^ ^arkah. A oook who
seUs cow-heel| or the feet of cattle in
general, ajU^ cIj haj^^ mak&dam.
Hejra, «• (Kuhammadan era), ij^^
. alhejraL The year of the hejra» i:»^
ijjs^\ tannat tU hfijraL
Heifer, 0. ^lLb^ ^ijUL
.Heigh ho ! <J]t iS^\ aUah aUah.
Height, ^UJjI trtifd^f ^ ^A. See
Elevation, Ascent, Dignity. — Build-
ings of a conspicuous height, <<.j v )\
cUJ^)! ^U? ahniyat zdhirat id irti/d^.
The height of the tide, iV« mad. The
height (full, completion), Aaj\ itmdm,
JU^ hamaL The height of exertion,
tam. They shun tbe society of men, have
yellow eyes and black faces, and are of small
size, the height of each one of them being
four spans, jjywUl ^ ^^L^-^Lu^ ^ib^
j\J^\ ^1^ f»^ Jk^-lj ^
Heighten, t^. ^JLc ^a//a'. See Elevate.
. — (to meliorate), J^ sallah. See Im-
prove.— (to aggravate), JIj aakkal; (to
embellish by decorations), ^^,jJ tayyan.
Heinous, Jj Jul shadid, i^yjL^ ma^yikh,
jljJ^ sharlr, ^JJi» shakl. See Atro-
cious, Wicked. — A heinous crime,
A^£ u^ J %anb ^azlm,
Heinousness, j\^fMdd,jJ^ shar* See
Wickedness.
Heir, «, ^^j^^ wdrit (pi. i^j^ warasiU),
Heir apparent, J^\ ^^ u^i al^ahd.
To appoint an heir, v^^ warraa. I
wonder at the fool who leaves behind him to
heirs whatOTer ^aiushehas accumulated; they
gather his goods together, and then shed at
his tomb apparent tears, behind which larks
* r^!^ <dt« mdlaho wdrii
9L
the joy of the heart, ^^jlLJ cum^
Heiress, 8. ^j^^ wdruat
Heirless,
^ la tpdru laho.
Heirship, ij\j^ ufordM^, *^ji^ mlrmM.
Heliotrope (sunflower), ^jm^m,S t j^Jj^^ J
tahar dawwdr euhshamt.
Hell, Ji^r>- jahannam. Hell-fire, J^
A^^l^- Mdr jahannam. The lowest pit
of hell, ^^^JiUl Ja^\ a#/ii/ assa/in.
The inhabitants of hell (the damned,
the infernal powers), ft^p^ iJJ^\ aJU
jahannam.
Hellish, j***-^ jahannamt.
Hellishly. See Infernally, Wickedly.
Hellishness. See Wickedness.
Helm (of a ship), l^j^\ H^ daffat «/
marJuj^*
Helmet, «• (helm), Jy>- khud, or Jjy>>
hhatodat. A texture of iron rings
hanging from the back of a helmet,
<0 J;J zaradiyat.
Help, Z}jlx^ ma^dwanat, JX« maddai,
^jz ^um, <uUl t^dna^, ^^«a} nasrai.
By God's help, .^11 ^^\j U\avn
. a/ tlahi. To beg for help, ^\jc»:<
ista^n, tXASi^\ tstamad.
Help, V. JlcL «(3&«i,^^lc ^aeran, ^Ic ^dh.
See Assist, Succour, Core, Bemedy.
Helper, «.^lj nd«tr. See Assistant.
Helpful, ^^^ mti^dfriM, Ju&« muftd.
See Useful, Salutary.
Helpless, ^j^^m^ ^t« mdlaho m«^ijt.
Helplessly, JuUI^^^ highayr i^dnmi.
Helplessness, jIj^SI >%j>£ ^adamaiimad&d.
HEB
(711)
HEB
Helter skelter, <daJ^ JG bikol khar-
hatah. See Pell-mell, Gonfoaedly.
Hdve, «. (handle of aa axe), ^laUt JJ
yad id halta. See Handle.
Hem (of a garment), jUf kandr, ^J»l>-
hdshitfat.
Hem, 1^. (a garment), ^jJL\^iJa^ ^mal
hoihiyat. See Border, Edge, Fringe.
Hemisphere, t. sjop\ uJ*fl'> no^^ «/ orif,
i^l jJl fc— ft.d,i naif udddi/raL
Hemistich, «. 9)/^^ mtVrS^. The first
part of the first hemistich of a poem,
J J^ sadr. The last part of the hemi-
stitch, ijo^jC ^rUd,
Hemlock, ^]/^ thawkardn.
Hemorrhage, «. a«m\ J^ My/ addam,
uJlc; n'^fi/. See Flux, [roids.
Hemorrhoids, y^^^ hudsir. See Erne-
Hemp, u-.^ kinnib.
Hempen, ^<f^ i^tnni^l.
Hen, «. (domestic), i>-U- J (fa/ei/'*^ (P^*
Ll^U-l^J dajdjdt)*
Hence (from this place), cJlJb ^^ min
hundk, Lib ^t^ min hand ; (in another
place, absent), u^UyAay}^; (for this
reason), Ci3 J J^l ^^ «»»» <y/ ««/«*.
Henceforth, henceforward, ^11 ^^^
\jL£l.0^ min aldn wasd^dan.
Heptagon, 9. ^\jij^\ y-.M.>^ musabha^ as-
sat£'<3yd.
Her, lib Ad, as l^jl::^ kitdhihd, her book.
Peace and salatations from the treasuries of
the grace of my lord be on her who possesses
my soul and my heart, jjSJj-^ ^;^ (•*-*
Herald, «. ^jS\:^ mtmdif* See Har-
binger, Forerunner.
Herb, herbage, lz:\J nabdt.
s^3J ^-^ cT* Lf^ *
Herbaceous, iJU3 iM^d^I.
Herbalist, herbarist, «• c^lLe ^oiAtAd^.
Herb- woman, «. ^^«<3i>.L:Lj hayyd^at
hhudrat. [Troop, Crowd.
Herd, «. il&U>- jamd^at See Flock,
Here, Ujb hand, LibU AdAtfnd. Here
and there, cJ^jJbjUjb Aana tc^Atfnd^.
Here comes Peter, (jm^ LibU AdAand
Butroi. Here comes Paul, ^^y l:Jblib
AaAnna ^u/<w. 0 thou person, what is thy
name, and what is thy nature, and what has
placed thee here in this manner ? \^\
Hereabouts, li^ ^-r^y ^^"^^ lihand.
Hereafter (a future state), J^r^^iJl ^
fllmastakhil; (from this time forward),
^J\ ^ mm aldn,
Hereat, ^JJS J JkXc ^ndzaliL See Hereon.
Hereby, tl^ J ^ min zalik,
Hereditable, ^^^^jy mawrHt. [age.
Hereditament, CjU^ mtrd^. See Herit-
Hereditary, ^vl/r* wlrd^l. Hereditary
possessions, ^-^jjy^ u^ mdl maicrus.
By hereditary right, hereditarily, j;^^
CjL^sit hitarlh al tnirdB,
Herein ttX^ hi ha%d.
Hereof or herefrom, 1 JJb ^^ mm Aasd.
Hereon, \jJb ^-U ^flfe* Aa»d, ^Jb Jj>-S
/• 0/7 Aocd.
Hereout, \iJb ^ mm Atfnd.
Heremetical. See Solitary.
Heresy, ^ JJ bad^t, iiiojlb hartahtt (pi.
ij:j\^jib hartakdt).
Heretical, ^Vj^y^ hartukh
Heretically, H^yb Jij hikol hartakat
Hereto, hereunto, (Jj3j ^\ ila' fudiL
Heretofore, UJJUmuA0</(/aman, wjj^
min kadim, \A)\»a»dbikanf 'ij\ awwalan,
HEW
(712)
filO
ILS hAlan, ItJji hailmM. Ashen-
tofoifei jjit _1 U^ Jbmd fit awwU,
J^)l^ h&htDwal.
Herewitli, li) /o/Sifi, ^ tayyaho. '
Heritable, C^l^^l (^;^^ mt^mKn a/
Heritage, Cj||^ m\r&$, k£jj\ an, ij\j^
wardsai, l^y tardkai.
Kermapbodrite, «. iA^^ Jthanaa*.
Hermes, ^/'^j^ hmnei.
Hermetical. See Chemical.
Hermit, «. ^j %dkid, lL^LAj ndstk,
i^L> idyth,
Hermitagei iji^j^ $auma^aL
Hernia, §. ^l:J fiidk. See Enptare.
Hero, t. (brave man), f l«*** ihajd^, f^j^
gha%l, JJj hdttl The hero of the
age, f^^J^\ \^)^j^ kahramdn aaamdn,
Heroio, heroical, j\^\j^ ka$ir ajjahdd.
A heroic achievement, Ui ghatd (pi.
iJL:^^\L ghatwdi), [See Bravery.
Heroism, icls:*^ shajd^i, ^*\;^ jaraaL
Heron, #• ^d^j dunguU, uXimJI J 1^1
a^ildl astamak.
Hers, l^L^ mtf^d^a^.
Herself, Ifuuij nafiuhd.
Hesitate, v. i^^y tawakkaf, ^Jby tawah'
ham, CXmi «Aa£.
Hesitation, JJ^ taraddud, jjb^ wahm.
See Doubt, Irresolution. — (stammer-
ing), Jj rod. Without hesitation, 1j
l^ hid Mhhat.
Heteroclite. See Irregular.
Heterodox, ^yj^s. gha/yr mUmin,
Heterogeneous, heterogeneal, i^^li:^
mukhdlif, fjj^yj^ ghayr muwdjii,
JjUa^^ ghayr mutdhik. See Dis-
similar. [Plane.
Hew, V, -ac* nt^'ar. See Out, Fell,
tf •
Hewer, jW* lufffdr.
Hexagon, f. ^/anImahi minaHmn.
Hexi^0Dal> hexangular, \^yJi^ ^jn^Xm^
mtuadda^ amawdyM.
Hexaped, i. (animal With dz feet), ^1
^J^j\ is^ ahu tittat arfal.
Hey! heyday! Jit J)l aUah aHUL A
heyday. See Frolic.
Hiatus. See Aperture, Gap, BrecM^.
Hibernal, i^fJ^ shaiaui.
Hid, hidden, ^y^ mMfi, ^^JzJ:^
mukktafl, jj'utu^ mastUr, aV.C ^ mmk-
taiim. See Concealed.
Hide, V, (conceal), iJ^\ a}Jkfa\ (to
conceal oneself, or be concealed), Je^
%khiafa\ And thou leekest to escape &e
detection of ihy nei^hbonr, while thou st
under the notice of thy Great Observer. Asd
practise concealment from thr slaTe, tkeo^
thou canst not hide one secret from thy Master.
Hide, ». Ji>- jild (pi. JjU- /e/fiii). A
hide of fine leather (morocco), j^Lsi^
itkhttydn. See Leather, Skin.
Hideous, ^^^ io^iA, ^^ tkmfcj SjX^
inakruh, l^js^ mukhnf, J^^ mukil,
v_— f-- mtfAf3. See Ugly, Deformed,
Horrible, Dreadful. Hideous in coun-
tenance, AxlJ^ t^^ kallh al mmaar,
il«A^t SjS karlh astHraL — A hideous
monster, c:^^^ la/rit, [rmi.
Hideously, if^J<^ ^t^ *• natc^ mul-
Hideousness, ^L^ $hand^at See
Ugliness, Deformity, Frightfulnees.
Hider, 9. (one who conceals anytlusg;,
^jlf^ khdfi; (one who oonceala him-
self), ^JsJ:^ muihiafl. See Hide.
mot
(913)
HUT
Hiprglady-piggledy, ^^ Jij Mfeo/
khariaia. See Confuaedly.
High, ^i^ mtrtafi^t ^^ ^<*^» tr?*;
''^^t' ^y^ ^aiitPly (^^ •dmf, ^^:Mirf
miTtk). Most High, 1^< a-M. The
Most High, ^Ut^ ^GUcu j;^! o/^iil
sabkdnaho wa ta^la*. See Ood. —
High-bom, (*-A£ .mi ihartf. High-
minded, ^;fi^ mutakabhir. High in
price, ^Ic yAci/f. A high mountain,
^Iji J>t^ yo^a/ «^dmii^
Higher, ^jl orfa^ ^X^\ a^Ia\
Highest, ^Ji^ alarfa^ vJ^^' aUt'^k^.
Selling to the highest bidder (by aoo-
tion), j|^l^ ^^t «/ ^^ hil numdd.
Highland, i^r^ jahall. See Moun-
tainous.
Highly, ^ JCj hikol ^H ; (in a high
degree), ^Uj hi ghdyai. See Greatly
— (proudly),^^Jcj hiiakahbur,j»j£ Jij
hikol ffhurUr; (with esteem),^!^^ J^
hikol iviihar, ij:j\isi\ Jij hikol ilti/aL
Highness (elevation), 9^j^ irti/d^; (a
royal title), i^«a^ kadrat, «-«9L>-
jandh. See Exalted in dignity.
Highway, «. ^U (JiJ^ ^^*^^ t"^*»' '^®®
Boad, Way. — A toll paid for guarding
the roads against highwaymen, yfti
Highwaymen, ^Jljff f^ kuttd^ tarik.
After a while the dost cleared a little, and we
discoTered in the midst of it fifty honemen,
like fierce lions, covered with iron, whom we
perceived to be Arab highwaymen, who intended
to dash against ns. We avoided, however, con-
ing into collision with them, t^JJlSj\^
\i\^ ^^ U^ti ^j «>i*3^ tr?'^
Hill, f. JJ taU (pi. ji; tddl).
Hilt, Z^ kdhdat, Jj yoiltf, v— aj*Jl ^Lo^
kahdai auayf.
Him (preceded by a preposition or the
sign of the genitive case), n, as : Jojy^
hn noMoray he saw, »Jaj^ hu nazarhu,
he saw him. Himself, ^mJj tMfiuhu.
An admirer of himself, ^l^- ^^U
^d«A»i& hdlaho. Master of himself, lajU
4ll>- (^dit^Ad2(f^. He himself, ^Uyi:j
hi naftihu, CJ^JJb atssd^. The boy
threw himself into the river, i<Md)l
j^\ ^ ^Uii3 ^^j (u$ahl rama* nafmho
fVl nahr, 0 King! said the young man, if
thou haat heen asleejt, awake, for there is be*
tween thee and thy city the distance of a year's
journey to him whotravelleth with the greatest
diligence, Ji C£l^\ l|^.\ s^Lll\ JUi
Hind, t. (female of a stag), ZJhi gha%&»
lai. See Deer.
Hinder,^? dkhir. See Posterior. — The
hinder part, j£>^'i\ aldkhir. On the
hinder part, \jy ^ min ward. Hinder-
most, hindmost, ,^^1 dkhlr. See Last.
Hinder, v, ^j^ mana^, Ju^ sadd, ,jOJu
ta^arrad. See Obstruct, Prevent.
Hinderance, ^U^ mumdnacat, L^Xm^
mu^dradat, ^1^ man^, c/V^ ta-jarrud,
^t« f»dni^, Jutf Aii. See Impedi-
ment, Stop. — Ahinderer, «Jt« mdni^.
Hindoo, ^^JcJb Sindl,
Hindostan, ^\s>^^JcJb Sindilstdn, jL
tXU^\ hildd ul hind.
Hinge, «• l^\^\j^j\>' jdrHr ul hdh,
ujU\ i^..M fakh id hdh.
• • • c
ms
(714)
HOB
Hint, V. (give a signal), ^^ wanu^,J^
Hint, «. (signal), ij\J^\ ishdrat, iAii
kindyat, y^j ram%, U£ ghamMj *\aj\
Ima, j^ khdbar. See Saggeation,
Intimation* [awrdk).
Hip, #. (bone), Cij^ unrh (pi. c)\j^
Hip (dejection of spirits), \ J^ $awdd.
Hippish, hipped, i^f J*^ iowddwi.
Hippopotama8(iiTerhor8e), j;J J iamiit,
j^^ U**^ /iTM a/ iaAr.
Hire, v, (take on hire),^^ls-c^ istdjdr.
To let on hire, 1^ ilara'. — (let in
farm), js^-] ajar. To hire or bribe,
iJi?^ hartal.
Hire, 1^ iEtirfl, ^U-\ fl/flr,^l <j;r. See
Wages, Becompense, Beward. — A
broker's hire or commission, ilUj
dildlat, ijMA>mi iamiarat.
Hired, ij^<^ fnuhra\
Hireling, j^^^ afir. See Mercenary.
Hirer, #. g^l^ kdHy S^/^ muhrl. A
hirer of horses, mules, etc., o;l^
mukdri. A camel hirer, J Uis^-jammd/.
His is denoted by if hu subjoined to the
preceding word, as: His book, ^^\s^
hiidhuhu.
Hiss, v,jLa safar.
Hiss, 9.j^ saflr. [J^^f^f*
Hissing or whistliug as the wind, ^jfl»
Historian, historiographer, '^jy vf^^
arrikh, ^ij^jy^ tnU'Warrikhin.
Historians, ^jy^jy mu-tcarrikhun,
Historical, ^a^^jlj tdrlkhh [tdrtkh.
m
Historically, f^j^\ (SiJ^^ ^ ^^^ ^^'
History, fCj^ tdrikh (pi, fCj\y> tawd-
rlkh)t ^^^^ hikdyat, iA^j riwdtfat,
jf^ khahar (pl.jl-fii-l akMdr). A true
history, iAjJ\ issxs^ ij\i^ kOdfa
iohlhat «/ riwdfoi. A poetical «r
fabnloos history, f^U^ kUsdfmt^ i^U^
riwdyat. See Fable.
Hit, 9. s^ darab. See Strike, Scst
—To hit the mark or batt, c^U wi.
Hit, «. iij^ darhatf Z« jUo^ mtodrfwig^.
See Blow, Stroke. — (chance), jUj'
Utifdh.
Hither, hitherwaid, l:J^ J^ 1Z0* ibad.
Hither and thither, cJi^l^ hta^
wa hundk. [tZs' ktad aldsL
Hitherto, Ji\ J\ Oei' aten, Ji\ ^ JJfc J'
Hive, f. (swarm of bees), o-s^ ijf
kuwdrat tiahl.
Ho ! hoa ! \j yd.
Hoar, hoar-frost, Jy ^^ kun &«s.
Hoard, t. ij^A^Vt^ matmUrat. See
Treasure.
Hoard, v. J^Amp tammad. See Store, Layap.
Hoariness, c^j^ «Aay5,
8ee Gray haiiB. — Be then admonished by th^ii
who hefore thee ha?e been coTered with doiL
and hasten to enter the way of tby desttnancft
Dost thou not see that thy hoariness is caUicc
thee to thy tomb P and me whitenees of tb^
hair is inntins thee to deplore thy f;ite ? Be-
ware then, and prepar« thyself for departart.
and for giving account !
-Tf
s^V
MJLki^
i 1^*^ ijr^
h
Jtr ^
mahhuh. To grow hoaxse.
Hoarse,
^\ anbah.
Hoarseness, i^ hahhaL
Hoary, u.^l-1 «Adyfi. See White, Gray,
Mouldy. — ^Hoaty hairs. See Gray hair^
Hobble, ^jA ^araj\ See Halt, limp.
HOL
(715)
HOU
Hobblingly. See Awkwardly, Unskil-
fully, [hiadn wghlr.
Hobby, «. (small horse), jJl^ ^Ua^w
Hobgoblin, «. ^^^ jmnU See Elf,
Fairy, Demon.
Hobnail, 9.j\a,*m^ mismdr.
Hodge-podge, lAsL hhalt, ^^Lsr^ mu-
ihlnta. See Medley.
Hodiernal, ,<^j£ yawmU
Hoe, *. ^lLjs^ mt^afat.
Hog, #. ^jiflS- l;^tf»8lr. Hogs, ^jVisS-
khand%lr. Hog's lard, Jir-^ z*-^^
f^Am i^AansIr. Hoggish, ^^^Jj^^
^Aanslrf. A hogshead, ij^*^ 3arml/.
Hoist, hoise, r. <^^ ro/b^. See Baise.
— ^To hoist sail, c ^1 u^^cr" M^i
Hold, r. (contain), ^^^JL>-\ ihUwd^ ; (pos-
sess, keep), clxku^ ffiM^A;, <.J^ ^a«ar-
ra/! See Grasp, Sei^e, Betain, Possess,
Enjoy. — To hold fast, lICm/* mesek.
To hold in (a horse, etc.), la^ dabat*
See Bestrain, Stop, Check. — To hold
in (restrain oneself), ij\^^ L^ dabat
Mhahw&taho* To hold off (keep one at
a distance), w9J dafa^ wx^ mana^.
To hold on (continue), ^^\j ddwam,
jA:i^\ dstamar ; (to continue to bear or
snffer), ^J^^asr tahammal; (to offer,
propose), ijOjC- ^ad; (to last), /^\j
dam, i*lS kdm; (to remain in union),
jUjf J1 Ic ^^\ J ddwam ^la* al ittifdh.
To hold a conference, ^^mLsT^I jJic
^ai^ a/ majlit.
Hold, mperat CXuwu«f «mMi&«
Hold (grasp), JlCm^^ maskat ; (a prison),
^^^e'M%>> Aa&«; (power, influence), i;Ji
iudrat, i^ kitwcU ; (a larking place),
^•^ £amm!»; (a stronghold or for-
tress), ^(li i(;aJ^0^. See Fort, Castle.
—The hold of a ship, c-^-Jl ^
i(AMn a/ markah.
Holder, «. (.iX^U md^tib.
Holdfast, t. 4^11^ ibJ/dt. See Hook.
Holding, part (.idU i»d«ti^.
Hole, 4. Jisjkr hukhih, s,^ aakb. A
hole under the ground, jU ghdr. A
hole in the ground made by rabbits,
moles, etc., ^^ mM. To make a
hole, 1^^^ ii$kab. See Bore, Dig. —
To stop up a hole, Ju*» iodd.
Holily, Li^jJ Jii Jt*o/ Jbiaw^, JL
ij\^ hikol toKdrat.
Holiness, Li\si kad&saty ij\^ tahdrat.
See Purity, Piety, Sanctity.
Holloa, U yd, lf»l ayyukd.
Hollow, v-ij^ mujaunoaf', (insincere),
^ jLtf^^ ^Aayr »ddik.
Hollow, «. (cavity), jUjls^I ihtifdr,
suyaf iajuaf (pi. uJ;iJ^^ tqjdwlf),
hafr.
Hollow or make hollow, r. i-Jj<^ jot^-
Hollowed, j^&s^ mahfar, jXLs^ mukta-
far, V— ij^ mujiHowaf. [l^j n*y«.
Hollowness, (^^ /^h^/; (insincerity),
Holme (tree), (^^J^^^^^j tindiydn, \hat.
Holocaust, B. iijS^ muhrik(U,^*£^J uahl -
Holy, f^jJut mtikaddaa, jJt\iff tdhir,
{ju^j3 kaddvLs. See Pure, Good, Pious,
Holyday, Ju£ ^li. [Sacred.
Holy Ghost, «. ^^^^JJill ^^j rawhalkodos.
Homage, l^^\ ttd^ai, &]/^>^ ihtirdm.
See Obeisance. — To do homage, /«^^
ihtaram.
Home, uu^ ^tfy^, ^U^ tnakdm, ^l^^
makdn, ^JLm^ ma»kan, ^^ watan.
HON
(716)
HOO
HomelineBSy ^XS Itabdwiyai. SeeBade-
ness, Inelegance, Rnstieitj.
Homely (in coantenanee), Ja:^\ ,^Ji
kdblh al manuir.
Home-made, home-spQn, «.l^^ J«^
BimgU al hayt, ijf^ti W^^* 8^
Homely, Coane.
Horaestall, homestead, «. LL^ mimU.
Homeward, homewarda, da^ ^\ M
hltiho.
Homicide, #. J-iS JjU kdtakaM, Jl^
katUtl See Murderer. — Homicide,
J^ kaill, JsJ kaa. See Murder.
Homicidal. See Bloody.
Homogeneal, homogeneous (of the same
kind), j^/-i-iJ>- OjJ ford Jitu, ji\y$
muwafikf 4^Ux« mmtahik,
HomogeneoQsness, LL»\^ muwafikai,
^uUa^ mtUdhikai, J^^i^ tamsll
Homologous, i^^j^^\x^ mundiih, (ji^y
muw&fiL See Congruous, Conform.
Hone, <• ^^jtut^ mtMOii.
Honest, JU talih (fem. ^U idUhat),
J jU #i9^i% (fem. Is jUfdift^O' J"^^
^adil. See Upright, JTust, Sincere.
Honestly, ^1^ J^ 3t%o/ «aJdA, J^
I^UimiI bikol istikdmai.
Honesty, ^b J diydnai, Ji^ 90ldh, ^J^
Bidk, ^lo^\ ikhlds, Jju: ^adl. See
Virtue, Justiee, Truth, Purity.
Honey, J-am^ ^oial* Purified honey,
«A.£^ (Jm^ ^asaltnu8affa\ Preserved in
honey, jJmjJIj jJU/« tnu^hkad hil ^asal.
Honeyed , (covered with honey), Jwu*
fnti^a««<i/. See Sweet, Luscious.
Honorary, yV/** ^harafly L5^!/' t^a«i.
Honour, J^/aZelJ, i^^ sharaf, ^IsOil
iftikhdr^ jS^ fakhr^ See Dignity,
Glory. — (chastity), 4ji^ ^^<y (rever-
enoe), i*)/^^-^ Mirdm, ^Jj lalrfn,
iLsf) i^^i^dr, ^UJb hayhai, m^Viiu U^-
aim, d^Usl^ O^/a^. See fie^eet,
Texieratioii.«-^repatatioii, good name),
^jfi^ ^i«r J, ^^^U iidiiiiia (pi. ^jm^^^i
nawdmU). 6eeFame»Benown. — BM
in honour, (ti^/^^ u^^-^ff \^ «^4;«i «^
takrim, (»S^ ismhatrrom. See Hoimw-
ahle, Honoured* — With great honovr
and extraordinary magnifioeiiee, Jjl;
fib'dmtii/EMfm.
Honour, f^. Jc ^0% a^ aib^am, m^^
ihimam. See Dignify, Beyerenoe.
Honourahle, »jc ^*^^Lg «dAt& ^ou^
Honourahleness, ^ kardm^ i^\^ kard-
mai, J^ /iiiifiJ. See Honoar, Emi-
nence, Magnificence, Generooitj.
Honourably, jUxe\ JL) hkU i^Ubdr^ JL
f\j^\ hikd Mirdm, f,\J\^Jz jL
hikol ^tntn tea ikrdm. See Magnaii-
mously, B<^putahly.
Honoured, ^jCt mukarramf J^ft^ wm-
^ass^m, MfS^ mufakhkhmn^ j9y ns-
fDokhar.
Honourer, t . a^C« mtflrtm, Jk^ ir«^cl
Hoof, y b^ M>- (pi. y^^ hawdjr\
iJmj iui^/. a cloren hoof, -,_.«^-\r »/'
(pi. LJILI9! irste/). The hoof of «
camel or ostrich, u-p"w Ut/l The is-
terior part of the hoof, ^J'»a>^ kitn.
Hook, f. Lji$ kuUdh, ^Jk hOdki.
uJlLfi^ khattdf (pi. u-BjUUj; iA<^'-
nf). A fish-hook, ^j!b fe/ti^. 1
hook on which meat is hong, i^JH
kuUdh A reaping-hook, J-^scu* sMiy»
A 6heep*hook, ^]J^ ^«Aft ^osA «rra^i.
HOP
(717)
HOB
Hooked (matched witk a hook), J^j^
Hoop, «. ZaI^ haHaktiL See Bing, Cirole.
—(of a barrel, etc.), ij^ tdrai.
Hoop, V. (a barrel), J:^.«;J3 CL^l^lt J.4^
^oim/ tord^ lil harmiL See Eacirole.
Hoaping-ooagh, #• 4Jls^ aLui «a^^
Hop, 4. ijii JmJM, Bee Skip, Jump.
— ^A hop or place for a dance, 4)^?^
^j^}\ mahdU mraih.
Hop, «. (skip), (^j r#ibM, tA5 Ao/Sm.
Hope, J^l aifui/ (pi. JUt amAl), \p^j
rt^^jiai4\ inikar* See Expectation,
Desire, Confidence. — To oat off, or
blast one'shopes, i\prj (-^ kata^ rmj&h.
How sftea they hoped for what was not de-
creed them ! axi% they went to the grare, and
hope did not profit them ; and from their hirh
and gioriou state tber were remo?ed to the
narrowness of the sepuehre, which is the worst
of abodes ! ^1^ jj JlL^^^^ \^\ tS
Hope, V, y^^y tar<:^a\ ^\ ammal,
\_^ -*y tarakiab. See Expect.
Hoped, Jys'U msamUl, ^j^ marjik.
Hopeful, ^\^ rdji^ ^VT/^ muiarajfl,
Hopefully, J^t J^ &«Ao/ «mii/.
Hopeless (having no hope), 1>-Jf «^lS
JE^^f^ arrajd, fj^\ ^\^ mdlaho amal\
(promising nothing good), Jl«\ AjU
ffia hihisnud.
fioper, #. i^/^ muUM^affl.
Hoping, j^or^. and adf. (J^y tnu^mil.
See HepefuL [Hopefnlly*
Hopingly, J/sl jXi Hkol amalp See
Hopper (of a mill), Jj id/fi, (^^i^U
^^yi IddiU aUahCn.
Horal, horary, JuUli hksd^at, u,>j>»:>^
Horde, #. ^^ kaum. See Tribe.
Horizon, jil u/k, j\i\ a/dk, jiU-
iE^^tf/Si. The two horizons (the east
and west), ^^UiU^ khOfkdn, ^;:^l>>
khdjikh%^ Horizontalv tJ^^ af&lA.
Horn, «• ^yi fant (pi. ^y iiirtin).
Two-homed, ^yS\jii siittamffi. To
butt with the hornsj J^ natah* Butt-
ing one another with their horns,
l^l:J iMd^ite. Butted 0r killed by
the horns of a bull, ram, etc., ^^^^a^^
numt^h. A horn (muaical instrament),
jy hlUt, jJii fut/ir. An ink-bom^
^^^J dawdyaty ij^aef^ mMarat.
Homed, ^^y id iaAM ibirflfi.
Homy (made of hom), (Jy haml^ (be-
longing to horn), fSy haml. See
Callous.
Homet, «. ^^J sMi^fir*
Horologe, «• ^Li sd^a^.
Horoscope (confignration of planets at
the hour of birth), ^^ tdU^ (pi. ^\j»
tawdli^*
Horrible, uJ^ir^ mukhuf, ^jf X« fnakr&hf
See Dreadful, Terrible, Frightful.
Horrib]eness,4uLMi«Aai»a^a^. See Dread-
fulness.
Horribly, ^^^ ^tyi ^ naw^n shani^
Horrid, ^^ X^ makrHh, s^j^m^ mustak"
rah, <^v.JI kdbXh, ^^ ihtmi^ See
Horrible, Hideous, Enormous.
Horridnessy Jul:J« shand^at. See Hid*
eouattess. (jenoTm}ij)fi^\M^ja9dtnai*
HOK
(718)
H08
Horror, icU-l ihand^at, ljb\J iardhiyat.
To conceive horror, fj^ji^ nafar mm,
i(J Jca/riK »/=-^ utahrah. Held in
horror, i^J^ mahrnh.
Horse, «• ^l-^a^ hwan\ (mare), (^
/flra«. A blood horse, a horse of noble
pedigree, J--^^ ^J^'^^ hisdn <uilL A
piebald horse, Jiiji\ ^J^^^^ hisdn
dbrash. An Arabian horse, j^l-3&-
^^ liUdn ^atH. A Turkish horse,
horse, ^J^ {J^'^^ ^**^^ maghrabl.
A led horse, a horse of state or parade,
vl/jj yadah* A lame horse, jjl«fl>-
-yi\ hisdn airqf. Post horses, 0^0
relays of horses, Akj^l (J^^^^ ^^^
cl posta. To dress or curry a horse,
jiaL^\ JJ^ hashshah al hisdn. The
master of the horse, j^' ^;-^' »'«*'•
ni&AfZr. A groom who leads horses of
state, ^j^e JJ padahjh
Horse (cavalry), ilL^ hhayydlai, J-iS.
*A<iy/, J^ A:^yfi?.
Horse, r. (mount a horse), ^^Jx, c^j
La^^ r«ibJ ^a/a* al hisdn.
Horseback, mounted on horseback, c- -^\;
rdhih, {j*ij\^ fdris. To mount or ride
on horseback, «--^ reX»&.
Horse-boat, «. i^-^ou^ Hj^ ^jf^^
shakhtira hahlri mastnhat lihaml al
uirdhdndt min shut annahr Ha* kdti^ah.
Horse-breaker, s. <^l-» 'dyes, k^^j
J^\ rakklh al khayl.
Horse-dealer, J-^ ^ hayyd^ khayl
Horse-courser, J tJ ^- jdnbdt.
Horse emmet, s. (a large winged ant),
•l:^ y UmJ namlat lihd jandh*
Harseflesh, J-iJl jiJbJ 2<i^ tfi Uayl
Horse-fly, «. iii3^ dL;bji^toii^a;^«0«^.
Horse-guards, ilLi?\ c^^'i;^ warHfM
al khayydlat,
Horse-hair, Jl^\jxJ^ sha^r al kisdn.
Horse-laugh, s. i^5^ CJ^r^ MOk
hi kahkahat. l^ahiai].
Horse-leach, iflL: ^alakat (pi. C^'Ulr
Horse-litter, *, (for travelling), ^.i-^
^^^ takht rwDdn,
Horseman, s, jCs** khayydl, {^Jifirn,
i^^^^j rdkih.
Horsemen, ^Lajijursdn. See Equestriaa.
And he has an army of damsels who ioiu
with sword and thrust with spear, five td
twenty thousand in number, every one «
whom, when she mounteth her oovrser sad
equippeth herself with her implements of war,
will withstand a thousand brave horsemec,
ij:^j\d\^^;^ i^^3 J^*^^ c^j^i
uj!» p\A) \ej>' ^T c:--wuJ^ ijbjy
Horse-meat, t-Jlc cflfe/. See Haj,
Grass, Bean.
Horse-mill, s.jSs^ maddr.
Horse-pond, s. ji*X£- yhadfr, *^jy ««**
fflfi, y^^ hated, JfM< tnanhal.
Horse-race, «• J-^' ^Um/i tnasdhald
al khayl See Course, Race, lUuse-
ground. — A wager at a horse-woe,
^^\j^ murdhin. See Wager, Bet
Horse-shoe, s, J*5 na^l
Horse-stealer, $• vJ^*^' cilr* •^'^ *
iUby/. [See Highway.
Horseway, jUaLi j;ijt <«rlA «//«»»•
Hose, i^\j^jilrdh.
Hospitable, ^stia^ mut^im. A hosj^tabk
man, ^^i^n^ mufi/^
HOT
(719)
HOF
Hbepitablji ^Lidi hi diy&ftin^
Hoapital, «. (for the sick), ^j0^\ j1 J dUr
al marad, [i^W j\ii ddr ashshafd ; (a
pablio building for the reoeption of
the poor and travellers), i^UiUw khAn-
kdh. See Caravanflera, Inn, Hoetel.
Hospitality, ijL^ diydfat, \^^ji\ ij\^\
iddfai al gharib.
Hospitaller, t. c^gjid^ mudtf. See Host.
— The Knights Hospitallers {or Knights
of Malta), jl2*JI\ aldtpitdr.
Host, ». (landlord), X9L«aJt (^^f»>l^ td'
Mb addiydfdty cjLi^ mudif.
Hostage, t. ^Ljb^ roAffio^ (pi. ^l^
rahdyin). To give a hostage, ^Jacl
(ic^j a^* rahlnai, [mofisa/.
Hostel or hotel, f Jjl(^ lokdndd, Jj:^
Hostess, «. tjjl^^t ^U «dA»ia^ a/
lohdnda.
HostUe, i^Ur^ mukhdlif, ^^^ harhl.
See Adverse. — A hostile excursion,
^j^p- (♦>?^ ^if/um ^rM.
Hostility, ii^f J^ ^addtoat, i^y^s>^ Jthu'
sUmai, AaIIst^ mukhdla/at, f^j^ barb,
^^^Jlc ^adwdn, i\j\jK^ mu^ddt. To
oommit hostilities, S^ltXc ^J^x ^amo/
f^adawat. I forgiye thy offence and accept
thy apology; but beware of my power, and
confess thyself to be my slare, for thou hast
ezperiencra my seTerity unto those who show
me hostility, <z^\*3^ L.XJ J i^JLc Jj
Hostler, #. (^mjIo <dyM. See GkY>om.
Hot, 3l>^ ^drr, ^<^^ A^wf, ^j.ir» «<-
hhm. A hot bath, i*U»- ^ommdm.—
(vehement, fnrions), ^fU^ «>l^ Aaii
aUab^ See Fierce, Vehement, Vio-
lent, Eager, Keen, Precipitate.— Las-
civions, if^f^ c-i-^^Ltf 9dh%b ihahtoaL
Somewhat hot, Jjcul^ mu^iadii,
Hot-brained,hot-headed, ^U^^ jl»- Adili
«/ rnwdj. See Bash, Violent, Passion-
ate.^ To be hot, jc^t'^* A^mf*
Hotly, ij\f^, bi hardrat; (violently),
f jluJ bi shaddat, \jf>' jabran.
'Rot!xe9B,ij\j^ hardrat. See Heat, Fnry.
Hotch-potch. See Hodge-podge, Farrago*
Hovel, f. ^/is^ ihit. See Cottage, Hat,
Shed.
Hover, v, (over head, as a bird, etc.)» '
uJ^j rafraf, aI>- hdm. C^^-
Hound, «. 4^4W Cj-Jl^ ibi/3 Mytft. See
Hour, a. ^\^ id^at» From hour to hoar,
JuLuJ ZcLi sdcat hi sd^at. In a happy
hour, ii^ytM/^ ^Lyj 5t sd^atin mas^H'
dot. Every hour (hourly), icLa J^
hoi »d^i.
House, «. u:-^ 5ay^ (pi. Cl^^ buylit\
j\j ddr, ^IC^ makdn, ^^^Cm^ ma<X»ii,
Jjj^ manso/; (descendants from one
ancestor), J^J nasi, fj^\ asl. See
Family, Eace. — ^A winter house, ^Ju*^
mashta'. A summer, country, or gar-
den house, u,L*a/f maayaf. A royal
house, C^1^\j1j <^r aZ mo^it. Seo
Palace. — A store-house, <0^ shUnat.
See Magazine, Warehouse. — A work-
house (workshop), JjHII c:.>^^ Jay^
0/ «AayA/ ; (shop), ^l^ J dukkdn. The
house or station of a planet, ^ j ^fi^',
i^^.^y31 ^^ ^tif^' al kawkab, J^
nutfiMol. See Constellation. — ^Thehoase
of perdition (hell), (ti>i>- jahannam,
j^^^j^*^ ddr al hatpdr. A religions
hoase,^J(20yr. See Abbey, Monastery.
Housebreaker, #. , ^\r^ hardtni. See
Thief, Eobber.
HOW
(720)
HT7H
HoQse-dog, *'j^^ c,iW hJh ndtUr,
Household, c. c;.i^jJ\ ^}A\ ahal al haft.
See Family, Domestic.'-^HottBehold
fhniitare,boiiBehold iitufl^*^^gJ\ i::j\i\
atdt al hoft, A householder, house*
keeper, l::^^\ lS^A^ masik al hayL
And they pitched the tents npon the shore,
and huilt for her a great venel, in whiiefa thej
emharked her and her household, (^«.^
HouselesB, c:-^ ^1^ mdlaho hayt.
Housemaid, «. 4/«\j^ khadiamat.
Bou8e*room, J^^ mahall, itu^^ teas^t,
L^\sJl^ muftdhiyat*
Housewife, i^iS^^) i/9 mart al hayt.
See Hostess. [^^ j dik/r,
Housen (houses), (^j«J hiyut^J^ti diy&ft
Housings (for horses), J)U»- jilal. See
Saddle-cloth.
How (in what manner), immL^ kayf, \aJUS
hayfamd. How long? ^jl^ Jl iU
mata\ How many? ij^ fS kam mar-
rat. How then ? ciJli fakayf. How
do you do? how d^ye? C^l>-cjL^
kay/hdlak How many children ? «3Jj *^
ibm tmiM. How much ? how great ?
jS kam, 0 my nurse, replied the
Lady Dnnya, this is a deril. How has he
dared to use these words, and feared not the
power of the Sultan? l::,^^ ^^LaJ
^lUJl
HoweTer, ^ lakin, ^j walakin,
1 jjb md^ Aasa, \ jjb J^ w« imi^ ^o^
Aflsd; (in whatoTer manner), J^^^
^^^^ minkolalwajaht \aa^ iay/amd,
^ ^^ ^^ **^y fW^Aw ^dn; (at I
least), i^j\j hari, ^j walmff, ^^j Ulil
Howl, 9. jy^ flmi/cra2L [ck^ t*"^'
Howl, t, ZJjl* ufalwalatf J^^j imAm/|
Howsoever. See However, Although.
Hubbub, dlauf ^^iy^f ^^^kS^ ktirka^
Huckle-backed, <^J^»-1 4MM,
Huddle, V, (todoaoythingprocipitately),
Li^ karhat. [Tunnli^ Confunoo.
Huddle, «• ]^<«^ /^***t* ^^ Crowd,
Hue, i L.0 ^jl lawn idhdgh. See Gdlonr,
Dye. To make hue aod eiy, i^^ J^x
Huff, V. jti^Mj tafdkhar. Bee Boast,
Blu8ter.-^(to swell with self-impoit-
anee), Jaiu ta^amam, A huff (ssdda
swell of arrogance or anger), AiU>
hamdka.
HuffishnesSyjj^ yAurfir. See Arrogaaot
Huge, ^»Jac ^oslm, ^/«Ui ]b Mi iby&.
And he had two hnge wings end (hsuid») am,
two of them like those of the sons of Athsu
and two like the fore-legs of fierce hessfek
with claws, ^j\^ v:>^?la^ ^^^^J
Hulk (hull or body of a ship), >» j^
c^.««^^tyirm a/ miorkdh, A bulk (any*
thing bulky), /^^l aJxc ^asiin «^'«na.
Human, c^f;^ hasharlt iJLjl midK.
Human nature, ^LjSI ^tJU^UI «^
di^a^ m/ inwniyai. I answered her, I aa i
man. And who, she asked, has hroQ|(faft i^'^
to this place, in which I have lived fit e-stu-
twenty years without ever seeing a Mf^
human being? ,^mJ1 Ut ^J ^ * -
JL^\ lift ^\ C^,\
«/ 1
Humane, aA^ hatbn^ ^iWH^
cJ;»y ^^1/. See BensTolent, Kind.
HUH
(721)
HUN
HamsDely, isHbl^ J^ liiol miidtafat,
Hamanity, Jl». hilm^ Ia^^ rahmat,
^JiaL^ mttldtqfat See Benevolencei
Kindness ; aho Hnman nature.
Hamanize, «. f^\i^\^Lkc ^amalahoimdn.
Humanly, 4JLJ\ J^ h^tol imdniyaU
See Humanely.
Hamble (submissiYey low, depressed),
ji^^>- haklr, wily^ muiawddi^, ^^J
dUtL See Low, Base, Poor, Abject,
Mean.
Humble, v. jS^^\ utahiar, J^»^ hukair.
To humble oneself, ^^\^ iawdda^y
^jJ tasuUlal. So they said to him,
Thou hast greatly humbled thyself to us, 0
our brother, and we wonder at the excess of
thy affection for us, C^l Ji! ^ Jili
Humbled, ^a\f^ muiawddi^. To be
hambled, ^^^y* tawdda^.
Humbly, ^^y cJ^ hikol tawdduc. To
beg humbly, ^j»uci\ Utanuu.
Humid, v.-^ reteb. See Wet, Hoist,
Watery.
Humidity, ^jiffj ruilibat, i^Jo tardwat.
See Moisture, Wetness,
humiliation, l£\jJ dard^at, cl^l it-
tidd^, j^\y tawddu^. ^
Sumility. iLX}\ inkitdr, hLu*^ tnatka'
nat,
khudu^, f^^y iawddu^.
Sumorous (capricious), ^.jL^ c^^^U
sdhib layf\ (jocalar), c-^^^l^Jl L,OjVrl
latlf al maihrab.
humorously (caprioioualy), ^yJb ,Jlc
ki\ ^M hawd* annafs ; (jocosely),
'^ ii-^ (J^ 3iib/ /t^5 ira dihh,
Sumour (mobture), ^ jtj rutubai. The
four humours in th^ human body, IblfL
itAtJ^ (pi. \A^\ akhldt). The humour
or temper of the mind, -^U^ mtsd;,
Jb\^ khdtir, ^j**^ ma$hrai, J^y^
tnanwdl; (jocularity), J^ hmU. A
man of humous^ ^^j^^^*^ mutthin, 'T'ji^
muharrijt i^^j^j ftahrdtefi. Humour
(caprice), cJ^ k(»i/f, Jo\j^ khdtir.
See Petulance, Peevishness, Whim. —
Horbid humours, ijt^J\ )pi^V( al
akhldt arradiyaU
Humour, v. isuS ^Jlc \^\ qfd ^M
kofufiho, »^U. ^Jlc U-1 ajd ^M khd'
iiriho, ^but J^ilj wdfai tab^ho. See
Oratify, Soothe, Comply, Fit.
Humourist, «. ^jS^**^ mutkhin, ^^^
nukatJ,
Humoursome, 4JLI ^Li J^ Aa& ^ak-
laho kol id^ah shukt. See Peevish,
Humorous.
Httmp,«. (hump-backed or hanch-backed),
4^Jo-l ahdab (fem. Ij Jo. hadbd). See
Crook-backed. — To hunch or crook
the back, 4!l>- (<^^>- hana* hdlaho.
Hundred, «. X>L« mdyat. A hundred
thousand, t^^lf^U mayo^ df. About
a hundred, a hundred more or less,
^jc&j\ b J)*:! b ^Ls^1aL« mikddr md-
yat yd aupod yd ankas. The hundred-
leaved rose, (^jIcLm J;^ icarad nvudd'
\af. Then the King brongrht out a hundred
coursers, a hundred drom^aries, a hundred
memluks, a hundred concobine slares, a hun-
dred male black slaves, and a hundred female
slaTes ; and he caused them to eo before him
as a present ; and he rode with the lords of
his empire and his officers, CJ^ ^ ^
iiU.
IjUj jW £jl*
\
^L«j i.\.g^c ^JU)^ ^ r^ ^t«j C^^j^^
HTJT
(722)
BUS
Hang, f^Jt^ mu^attakf ^jLc^ mnta^-
Uk. Anjthing hang op (as frait, etc.,
to dry), ji*« mu^aUM, A proyender
sack hung ronnd a hone's neck, ^1^
mikhldyat.
Hanger, c^ /a^. To hunger, ^Isj-
j&^ Bee Starre, To be hungry.
Hungrily, Ji)\ ^Juc ^aU arrlk, ^
Hungry, J^fr j%^^f t^^- J^V^
See Starving. — To be hungry, cl^
«*
jd^ To make hungry, 9 ^ jawwa^.
I was hangry, so I ate nntil I was satisfied,
aad contented, and my sool became at ease!
Hunt, V. jUxtfl ff^J, ^;d^l iktatMi.
Hunt, hunting, «. iX«^ My(^. See Chase,
Pursuit. — Anythiog belonging tohunt-
iug (as hawks, dogs, horses, etc.), 4^«^^^
$aydl. To go a hunting, J>^\ ^\ -.\j
rah old' as$ayd. Then they left ber with him
in the palace, and mounted, taking with them
proTisions for twenty days, and went to hunt
and chase, ^.^1 Ji 2(Jcx ^-^^ (t^
j^^fli5l|^ jLMd!\ ^J\ (iPv^« They went
hunting and chasing; and they hunted an
abundance of gazelles, wild oxen, hares, lions,
hyenas, and other beasts, ^\ ^^
Hunted, ^ja::z3^ muhtanas*
Hunter, huntsman, b. Ju^ Bayyad, A
hunter or hunting dog, i^Ju^^ *^-r^
itaZd «ay(ft. A hunter's net or other
implement, if Ju«d/s moByadai,
Huntress, s. ij\La BayyddaL
Hnntsmanship, oL.aU LmJH cJU^^ d
MfglJUnmat lU myydd.
Hurl, V* i^tX^- kada/g ^j rmma. 8ee
Throw, Shoot, Fling.
Hurled, ^^j^ wtunuff uJ^jSs^ mtkUf.
See Thrown.
Hurly-burly, jHo^ i^y^ iz)^^^ ^^
Jdn. See Tumult, Commotion.
Hurricane, «• JjJl^ ^^j rlh tkad^i, tf: tj
ttfieha^at See Whiriwind, Wind.
Hurry, v. c y-«l oira^, Jjs"^ Mfst/s*.
See Haste, Hasten.
Hurry, Hjb^ ^'alaU See Tumult, Com-
motion, Haste, Precipitation.
Hurt, V. jj0^ iJax. ^am4il darttr, ji im.
See Harm, Pain, Injure, Wound.—
Superfluity hurts, a little does good
(Arabic proverb), ^Ju JJlaSIj^ y«ix<
at katlr dar teal kaltl nafaf^. And she satL
We walk in the sea with our eyes oprt^
and we see what is in it, and we see i^
sun, the moon, the stars, and the sky as x
the face of the earth, and this hnrteth us da
(^M^l JoLiJ^ JUiU^ Vi V ]^ i^fiA
^j u5^ ^^ ^^b r^?^l'y^'-'
Hurt (injured or wounded) ^^-i* jm^
To be hurt,j^\ andar.
Hurt, B. jjfi darar, 4rj\ tBtyat, Se«
Wound, Harm, Injury.
Hurtful, .«a^ mudirr. See Hannfui.
Pernicious.— Yery hurtful, j^' ^
koBlr aX darar.
Hurtfully, j^ J^ hikol darar.
Hurtless, jo^j^s, yhayr mudirr. S«
Harmless, Innocent. [ Jjc ^;'-
Husband, ^yj tawj (ph ^^j\ auoj
HT3C
(723)
ICE
Hasband, v. ^jj taiwwaj. See Marry.
— (to manage frugally), y^ waffar.
Hosbandleee, ^^jj^ ^ mmghayriawj.
Hasbandman, b. JisfaM&h, ^j\j zciri^.
See Fanner.
Husbandry, icSjjmrd^tf i.>^% falahat\
(frugality), cJLuk/«t ttnsai.
Unsihlinierjeoium, uuX^sf iihut; (silent),
c::^Li sdkit. To bush (nELake still or
silent), ui^JLj sakkai, 4^«XJb hadda*; (to
be still or silent), c:.^ sakat
Husk, «.^^ ^mAt, S^j/=*" ^AflrrilJ,
Husk, v. (strip off the outward integu-
ments),^MJ JcasMiar. See Peel.
Husked (covered with a husk), j^Lj d!
laho kmhshUr,
Hat, 9. ^^ hukh. See Hovel, Cottage.
Hutch, ». (com chest) V**^ Jj*^^^-^
sanduk al hamh. See Granary.
Hyacinth, b. (flower), J-u-j 9un^;
(gem), CJyb ^aJ^A^. [5ardn.
Hyades (constellation), (^5^*xll a^Wa-
Hydra, «. USl Lj>- hayyat almd.
Hydraulics, Ul\ «J; ^^ /an ra/^ a/i»a.
A hydraulic musical instrument, ij^\j
nd curat.
Hydrocele (watery rupture), Ull <lLJ
kllat alma, J^jj wtizil/.
Hydromel, J^uuxll t« ma u/ ^OBaL
Hydrophobia, ^ i^^!^^ c-J^l Ij
L«]\ Jd oJ ^0^5 a2(7 a/ khawfmin ahnd,
Hydropical, ^Li.r.M.^ mtM^a^Az. See
Propsical.
Hyena, «. w^ dab^.
Hymen (membrane), ^Iji^y^ c—^Lk^
hijdh td hukUriyat. See Marriage,
Virginity.
Hymeneal (pertaining to marriage).
Jbc%iJ f^yM^^ tnauBuh lit sijat, {jmjS
^«r«. See Matrimonial ;Epithalamium.
Hymn, *. iasTJu* madihat (pi. -p<^0^
maddyehJ) Hymns, C^^Usn^^MuJ tashihdt
Hyp, f7. io<^^«^ ^^ khdUdh yitsawdan.
Hyperbole, «. ^L^ muhdlaghat.
Hyperbolical, hyperbolic, iJL/f ^^r**^ ^
«dA»^ mubdlaghat. To speak hyper-
bolically, JUL/t (J<«^ ^amal muhdla-
ghaty AS^ ci ^V ^^^<^A/^^ kaldm.
Hyperborean, ^JUJ* «AamdJt.
Hypereritic, b. ^UU cu^^l:^ munakkit
lil ghdyat. See Critic.
Hypochondriacal,hypochondriac, ^J^^^^
Bawddwi, See Melaneholy, Insane.
Hypocrisy, [)j riyd, ^^y^ murdydl,
hib\s^ muddhanaty jUj na/d^. See
Dissimulation.
Hypocritic, «. hjrpocritical, hypocritic,
J^ makkdr, J^'-^^ mundfik, \^j^
mordyi.
Hypocritieally, jU3 Jij JiM nafdky JC>
Jub^X« ^ti[:o/ mtM^Aa»4i^ [ditional.
Hypothetical, ^j^ Bharti. See Con-
Hyssop, lijj 2u/d.
I.
I, in English, has twa powers, as in
the words hit and bite, the former of
which, in Arabic, is noted by^^***^ (^),
and the latter by ^, preceded by ^
(^), expressed or understood ; as in the
words L^\z^ kitdh, 'a book,' and ^^^^
bait, * a house.'
I, perB.pron, \j\ and. I myself, .3I J U\
and 2d^f, ^^ct*Ju \j\ and na/Bu
Ioe,J^ baAf dA>-jalld.
IDO
(724)
ILL
Iclmenmon, s. ^jj^ nams, [al hind.
Ichnographj, j^j ratm, UJ\ s^^j ratm
Icicle, », J^ hiai hit^ hflLZ,
Icy (full of ice), J^ ^ kolaho lUz.
Idea, s, jya2 tasauncur, JUs^ khaydl
(pi. d^SL^ khayOldt), >Jb^ wahm.
See Imagination. — An absurd idea,
Ji?b J L>. Ichaydl hdtU* Foolish ideas,
_:jt^ l^ U CjJLfw khay&lat md lahd
— <m
ma^na\ To entertain an idea, j|^«^
tasatotpttr.
Ideal, j^.idSL^ mutasatvwar, ^^^ khaydll,
^^Ad|^ toahmlf (J^^s^^ mutakhayydl.
Ideally, Uj^^ wahmanf ^L^a^-^ hi
wajhin khiydll.
Identical (the same), ^1 Jj hi zdtihi.
Identity, ^^1 c^l J 8(2^ ashshay.
Idiocy, idiotiam, J>^ jaMy Ji^ a J^
^a(fi{i;7» ^a^/. See Folly, Stupidity.
Idiom, a. -.Uai^l iatildh, ^U /t«dn, ^[jkS
loghat, [istHdhl, c/jVs^ majd%\,
Idiomatical, J^'^^ mttstalih, ^>.ll^l
Idiot, «. JaU*- jdhil.
Idle (lazy), ^jL**^ kasldn, J mi hattai;
(unemployed), Jlax/t mu^attal. See
Indolent, Lazy, Inactire, Useless,
"Worthless.
Idleness, ^JmS ktual, ^liaJ haidlat. See
Laziness, Indolence, Sloth, Trifling-
ness, XTselessness.
Idler, f. ^Lm^ kasldn.
Idly (inactively), lUbb hdiilan.
Idol, «. *Xi^ «afuim (pi. ^Ixi^l a«nam),
^^ wasan (pL ^Ij^I ^fu^fdn)*
Idolater, idolist, «. ^^^ fraMn!« See
Infidel, f agan.
Idolatry, AxiciS if jUfi ^hddai ul aandm*
jyXjJj^';^
Idolize, V. Jufi ^#Am?. See Love, Adore,
Bevepenoe.
If, f^\ in, tt md, j) /ai0. And if, J>
f^o^df^. But if, ^\ in, \^\ ammd. If
not, fi ^\ in lam. The lion, if be left
not hifl den, wotdd neyer catch any prej; ^
arrow, if it left not the bow, would nerer )ax
the mark ; eold-dnst, in ita natiTe ooimtry, is
as mere earm ; and aloes, in its own land, is no-
thing but a kind of common wood, jJS^j
Igneous, ,^j\j ndri. See Piery,
Ignohle, J J^ restel, j^^^^ haitir. See
Hean, Worthless.
Ignominious, .^uii foM, <» ^jj*"* "*<'
yal. See Base, Mean.
Ignominiously, ^C^fWi 4^^ HJMfadM,
Ignominy, l^\*ai fadlhat, ^.aiJ ^&S
^ ibaM, L^^^ ^ay&. See Di^raoe,
Beproach, Shame, Baseness, MeaaoesB.
— ^To he branded with ignominy, ^ '
infaddh.
Ignoramus, «. ^\s>^ jdhil. See Pool.
Ignorance, ^Jf^ jaM, ll\^^ jahaM,
Gross ignorance, ^^-.^y J^^j^*"^
rakkah. Pretended ignorance, J^V
tajdhul.
Ignorant, Jjblsj- yd^t7.
Ignorantly, ^ J^>- (J^ hikoljahlin.
Iliac passion, ^y kulanf.
Ill (bad), -^ iWlA, sJi/dsid; (in-
disposed), ^^j^marid, Jji*-« awv/i^
Illation, ^U^ natXjat. See Infbresee.
niaudahle, ^J^l J^^wl /a yM^
Ill-bred, jlU^ll c/J; riuft ol aWai.
niegal, iUicit, ^jJ^\ i.J)U. MOd/ «iU
ILL
(725)
IMA
thar^ ^jJi»j^ ffhayr »har^, ^\j^
har&m, [sha^ ghayr ihar^.
Illegality, ^j^jt^ t**^' ^f *<wwi iwA-
lUegally, (j»-jt^ ^ min ghayr hak,
Illegible (writing), i^J^^ Id ffimkara\
Illegitimacy, t^Cj ^^\ asl rail.
Illegitimate, J^JCJ ^aiti^ilA;. SeeSpuriooB.
lU-favoared, ijyi\ ,^^ kahlh au&rat.
See Deformed. [See Avaricious.
Illiberal (parsimonious), t^^^, hakhlh
Illicit, /•U^- hardm.
Illimitable, JJl^X Id yutahaddad.
Xllimiied, JJ^sr^^ ghajfr muhaddad.
Illiterate, JxL hUd ^Im, Jjbl>-ydM.
lUiterateness, ilHterature, JjJf i%Jkf ^o-
dam al ^Um^
Illness, (jOjyt marad* See Disease, Sick-
ness.— (badness), jLJ fMidd, i^\^
kabdhat. See Wickedness.
lU-natore, cLLJI JLi|^ sJmdiat alathd^.
See Malevolence.
Ill-natured, cLbll ^^J; radl al athdj^,.
Ill-timed, Asr^j^ J ^J^ ihyflghayr
fnahalliho. See Unseasonable.
Illuminate, illume, illumine, v.jy nauT"
tear, j^ (J<«x ^mal nur. See En-
lighten, Decorate, Illustrate.
Illuminated, i^ munaiffwar, ci\;y ^^"
rdnl, j0^ fnunlrr jyi\ ^^ *dti^
annnr. [anwdry
Illumination, Lj diyd, j^ nUr {"pL j\^\
Illuminator,«y;*:i^ m«»lr,jy^ munawwir.
Illusion (false appearance), JLsw hhaydl,
jyoj tasawwur. See Deception, Error,
Mockery. — The illusions of dreams,
A^i\(JL:i\^khaydldtdaUdm. The
illusions of the devil, i^ Uca^ (JlJ^^mj
toiuHldt shagtdntgatf LjILm ^^,^LJ
tasdioia ahaytdniyat, £jUa^ (Ju\^y^
fcoiwaadt shaytdniyat.
Illusive, ^l*^ khiydll.
Illustrate, v. (elucidate), ^^ toaddahf
^j^ hayyan, y^A fauait, j^\ anihar.
See Explain ; ako Illuminate, Brighten.
— ^Illustrated,
Z^J^
VMMTiih,
Illustration, tf^y tawdih, ^Jlj haydn,
j\^\ Mdr, j^kM ta^hlr, ~J^ aharh^
jij^Ju tafllr, Jj^lj^ tdwllf ^^J^^jf^
ta^f, cJ^y tawAfy JtM^ tafalL
See Explanation, Exposition.
Illustrative, L£fi***^^ l^J^ aharhi wa
tafalrl* \aharh%n wa haydUm
Illustratively, j^l-J*j ^rj^ J^ ^*^
Illustrious, (Ji^\ i,,.^'^l.g adhib aljaldl,
JJl>- yoM. His illustrious ancestors,
aUmSI »jt Jc>-\ ajdadaho al ^tttdm.
Illustriously, jyi^**^ ^^ y^ ^^ miu^^m
maahhur.
Image, ijy>c aUrat, J^ ahakl, Jiy^
taawJr, ^^^ ayhknat. See Idol,
Statue, Picture; Copy, Likeness; Idea.
Images, imagery (statues, pictures, ete.),
jyo auwoTf (JL^\jiyaj taawirdt, (Jt^UJ
iamdanl. [kdhH al fikr.
Imaginable,^^.!^:;^ mutaaavDtDar,^^\ JjU
Imaginary, imaginative, ,c^U3 Jciydal^,
^\iS>' khiydll, tJ^^ssx^ mutakhayyalf
^-•Jb^ tpohml. See Ideal. — The im-
aginative powers, ^lLjcuJI iy kuwai
al mutakhayyilaL
Imagination, JL^ khaydl, /^US kiyda,
j^oj taaatptpur, o^^s^ takhayyul, ^St^
wahm, JtJby tau?ahhum,^Jikr,^J^i:>'L€
muldhazai, J^ zann, ^ej sa^m»
1MB
(726)
IMtf
Imaginations, d^^LdsT takhayyaldL See
Conception, Idea, Fanoji Ck>ntriYance.
Imagine, v.jy^ tasttwwar, msj %a^mn,
^ zann. See Fancy, Figure, Con-
trive, Think. — I imaeined it was a wild beast^
or one of the beasts of the sea, and I walked to-
wards it, ceasing not to gaze at it; and lo it was
a mare of superb appearance, k^^Jhi
js^\ t-^l^J ^^ ib ij\y\ Jmj>'j ij\
Imagined, j^..^^;l«« mutasawwar.
Imaginer, s. Jjls*- khayil, jy^^s^ muUh
eawwir, J^-i^^ mutaJchayyiL
Imbecile, Jjl^ hahlul (vulg. inBeyrut,
but in the rest of Syria Jlic^ muta-
ghap, Ai\ allah). See Feeble, Weak
of mind.
Imbecility, JiJt uJju? du^f al ^akl
See Feebleness, Weakness. — Imbecility
of mind, JaxII Uj killat al ^L
Imbibe, <7. (^J^jazab, *^j^ ia$karrab,
jfjJ^ ihereb*
Imbibing, animbiber, ^^^L^:;^ muia9dkkl.
Ground which does not imbibe rain,
A«-Jj ^j^ ard waki^L [mrr.
Imbitter, embitter, t;. ^ iL^e^ ^amalaho
Imbody, embody, v. (bring together into
one mass), ^^ jama^. See Incor-
porate.— (to coalesce), fjA Iwak.
Imbolden, embolden, v. ^u)i t^y kawwa*
kalhaho. See Encourage.
Imbosom, embosom, v. j;3lc ^anak. See
Embrace.
Imbound, embound, v. See Inclose. —
To embow. See Arch.
Imbrown, embrown, v,jA^\ ^lLix ^mch
laho aamar* See Darken.
Imbue, V. ^^ sabagh. See Dye.
Imitable (possible to be imitated), ^JjL>t
\jsji\ mwnkin al tktidd, jJii!) Jjj
kdM attaUld, \ Jci)^ J^l l&yik d Ma.
Imitate, 9. (copy), Ja3 nakaly ^JXj^
ikUM ; (to counterfeit), jyj lovirtr,
.via kallad
Imitated, t^^^ci^ mukiada*, jS>Lm •»-
kaUad. And should my life be proloogoi
after thou art no more, (but may it nerer be
mine to taste thv lossi) I will practise the p>d
maxims which tnou hast taught me, and imtafie
the example of thy distinguished exoeUeace; u
that men may say. How is this night like Yes-
terday; and how the mozning-dood reseiayd
the cloud of the evening ! i»r^J^\ ^ja!j
Imitation (copying), JuUj takiid, ^xj
iktidd.
Imitative, lJsJ^ taJciidl,
Imitator, «• c/JcX« muktadU
Immaculate, ^^jJl (^y^U? tdhdr mm
addanasyjib^ tdhir. See Pore, Spotless.
Immaterial, immaterialized, immateriate,
Jlu4>- ju bild jasad, Oum^cu* .*£ yheyr
mutajanidm See Incorporeal.
Immateriality, immaterialnessy A«x-r
Juubis)! ^adam al Jasad, ^^a^ mutM-
toiyat.
Immature (not ripe), >^ fqf; (not pa^
feet), J/tl^^ yhayr kdmilm
Immeasurable, J^>- <t! ^j^ hy laha hid
See Immense.
Immediate, ^W. hddir. See Instsst,
Present. [Hi
Immediately, VW. halkm, JWt _5 fC
Immemorial, w ji kadim, /^[xl] ^Si
kadlm al ayydm. See Ancient,
Immense, immensarablei i/^l^i^ ^^
IMM
(727)
IMF
intihd lakOf jyas^jt^ ghayr mahiltr*
See EzoessLTe^ Unbounded, Infinite,
Huge. [See Immense.
Immensely, ^^^j^ ^ ^if^ ghayr hadd.
Immensity, immensurability, -»i cLuJl
J^jLjr^ ittitd^ghayr fnahdad.
Immerge, immerse, t?. (put under water),
^jJjAs. ghattoi. See Sink.
Immersed, (Jlj^ ghar^, ^Jcau^ «niM-
taghrik. Immersed in wickedness,
j)^^) <jHwui)V jyCLMu<« muitaghrik hil
Immersion, ^jZ gharh, ^^JLc y^^.
Immethodical, ^UaJ^^^ flitn ^Aayr
nhdm, J^l lb 5t7d t«tfi/. See Confused.
Immeihodically, ^Ua3 ]b 3«^ niidm.
Imminent, i^jt^ mmhrtf, Jlx^ tnutil.
Imminent danger, ^jVir Iig>> ihatar
Immission, J^J^tii&Afi/, Jl^jluf^^Z.
Immit, V. fJ^J dahhhhal, ,^:>^Ci\ adkhal.
Immobility, ^^^ wkUn, ^joi] aJlc
codam al hurdkat.
Immoderate, JljJLfllU bUd t^iddl,
J^Ji^t j^Usv« tnutajdwk al hudnd.
See Excessiye, Immense.
Immoderately. See Excessively.
Immoderation, JtjcxHt ^Jla cadam al
i^tiddl. See Excess.
Immodest, Ls) 1 JJi kalil al hagd, (j£b».\i
fdhiih. See Obscene, Impudent.
Immodesty, L^-^^i ^^^ min ghayr hayd.
See Impudence, Obscenity.
Immolate, v. ^ J so^oA. [Sacrifice.
Immolation, ^J sa5A, IjJ fidd» See
Immoral, (^^^U/<2AwA. SeeBad, Wicked,
Dishonest.
Immorality, (.^u^ /iA«A, ^J^iiJUk. See
Dishonesty, Wickedness.
Immortal, CJ||4j) ^ yamUt, ^^^ Ady*
See EtemaL
Immortality, U^ iaito. O thou best of
all men to whom Eve has giyen birth ! But
for thee, the world were not beautiftil nor
pleasant. The man to whom God showeth thy
nice has obtained immortality, and will grow
neither decrepit nor hoazy, ^j^ Ij
Immortalize, v. 2r^J jX>^ khaUadzikraho,
See Eternalize, Celebrate. — (to become
immortal), ClJy^S ^1j iL^ idr ddyim
Id yamUL
Immortally, ^ J)^^^^ yi ^* naw^tn Id
%awdl laho. See Eternally.
Immoyable, C^-^U«y^ ghayr muta-
harrik. Immovable effects (real es-
tetes), isj\j\a£' ^kdrdt, lI/IUI amluk.
Immovably, JL^^ lb hild harakaL And
I purchased houses and other immoTable pos'
sessions, more than I had at first, i\ij
Immunity, jrliU^ mu^q/aA. A privilege
or charter of immunity, d.>]^ haraat.
See Freedom, Privilege.
Immure, v. ^/«m^ Aaia«. See Confine.
Immutabmty, J^\ ^Sz ^aiam atta-
ghayyur, d^lJ sahdt,
Immuteble,^Jcjll Id yutaghayyar.
Impair, r. (dimimish or wear), ^^om
nakkas, c JJ naM^, '^j^^ kharah.
See. Injure, Hurt, Spoil.
Impair, impairment, ^^^ naks, fjJ
na%^ See Diminution, Decrease*
IMP
(728)
ncp
Impaired, ^^\j ndUs. See Diminished.
— ^To be impaired, ^^^ tnUaa^
Impalpable, ^j»t^\ ^^^j^^j^ghayrnwrn-
kin al Jams, ^^nt-^ 1 Id ffulmas.
Imparity. See Disproportion, Inequality.
Impart, v. (communicate), j^ khahhar.
See Bereal, Inform, — (to grant), ,^
manah. See Giye.
Impartial, Jjlx ^adU, t^jJ^\ ^^
hMU al gharad f^i*a\^ munsif, Jjuc«
mu^dU, Jjlitf tddik. See Eqaitable,
Just, Disinterested.
Impartiality, il\*\c ^dlat, cJlidjl in-
tdf. See Justice, Equity.
Impartially, fjOjSUj^ ^ mm ghayr
tagharrudf il\tXe. jXj hikol ^ddJai,
L^\yA\) hH sawdh.
Impartible. See Communicable.
Impassable, ji^axII ^^^^a^j^ ghayr mum"
kin al ^ubur*
Impassioned. See Passionate.
Impatience,^^^\ mSs> ^adamasBobr, See
Vehemence, Eagerness. {mil.
Impatient, jLi^^U^^ ghayr mutaham-
Impatiently, j*^j^ yj^ ^*^ ghayr sdbr,
. Impawn, v. ^^J rahan. See Pledge,
Pawn. [Impede, Hinder.
Impeach, r. a^ taham. See Accuse; aUo
Impeachable, ^f^ yutham.
Impeached. See Indicted, Accused.
Impeacher. See Accuser.
Impeachment, x^Ll^ shakwah. See Com-
plaint, Accusation ; aho Impediment,
Hindrance. [See Hinder, Obstruct.
Impede, v. ^x^ mana^, ^y^ ia^arrad.
Impediment, ^x^ man^ u^j^ ta^arrud,
^Lt mdni^ (pi. ^^y^ matpdniQ.
See Obstruction, Opposition.
Impel, «• AjJI abmn, ^L* «di. See
Drive, Compel, TJi^ Plreas.
Impellent or impelling power, j. i J
ifi3\ji\kawatadddfi^ai. SeelmpuloTe.
Impenetrable, ^\ J^O^S^ ^^f,jk^j^
ghayr munJcin addukkoi ilayhi.
Impenitence, ii^\ /»«X£ ^adam aUanchat.
Impenitent, ^jl3^ 9hayr nddim^jmi
c^U ghayr tdlh.
Impenitenily, ^IjJ lb hUd naddmai.
Imperatire, i^j^\ amrl* The affirma-
tive imperative of a verb, ^\ amr.
The negative imperative, ^^ naki.
Imperceptible, ^jMjm.sf* j»i> ghayr mahr
sitif j^q:»^j^ ghayr manoAr.
Imperceptibly, j^oi^^jts. j>*^ hi foajkin
ghayr manMiir. [jtdiw.
Imperfect, f^^jt^ ghayr kdmH, ^^U
Imperfection, ^l*^ nuksdn, u..^jr. ^ayh
jii^aSJ takAr, JUi31 ^Jx. ^adam d
kamdl. See Defect.
Imperfectly, JU^L bUd kamdl.
Imperforate, i^mlVm^j^ ghayr mtauakH,
Imperial, ^JlLLi stdtdnl, Lfy^ ioyMfi.
Imperious, JSs^ mutakMir, jr^f^
mutaj'ahhir, ^** c- ^anif, jib\j JfcdAir,
JU9 zdlim. See Haughty, Arrogant,
Tyrannical.
Imperiously, c,pvc (J^ hikol ^unf,
Imperiousness, t»a;r. ^unf^j^ kakr.
Impertinence,' iib\L,i safdhat. See Folly.
And he said, I entreat thee by God that thou be
not angry with me; for fatigae and trouble, aui
paucity of what the hand possesies, teach a mas
ill-manners and impertinence, dj ^Ui
Impertinenti ^UAka iofih (pi. \^i^ n^ahd].
IMP
(729)
IMP
See Foolish, Trifling, Importunate,
Troablesome, Intrnsire.
Impervious, iJ\ J^oJf i^^^ ^ ^ tf^^'
kin addukhul Hayhi. Bee Impassable,
Impenetrable.
Impetuosity, impetnonsness, ^ys^hujum,
iiXJL shiddat,j^jabr. See Yiolenoe,
Fury, Eapiditj, Force, Precipitation.
Impetuous, Jj Jl& ihaiid, <— i>:>f. ^anlf.
See Violent, Furious,Eapid,Preoipitate.
Impetuously, j[Jluj hi ihiddaiin. See
Violently.
Impetus, jjij saior, ify iuwai.
Impiety, jli3 nafdk,ji^ hufir.
Impious, J^I:m« mun&fikfj^^ JUkfir. See
Wicked, Profiine.
Impiously, jLi hi hufirin.
Implacable, ^U^^^ ghayr musdmih.
See Inexorable, Malicious, Irreconcil-
able, [muidmahah.
Implacably, 4^r^Lu^\ aJl£ ^adam al
Implant, v. l^ ^^nn) nasah. See Plant,
Insert, Place.
Implement, #. iS\ dlat. See Instru-
ment, Tool, Ftensil. — To make great
provision of the implements of war,
^rfjJ\ (zJi) ^j^ ^ j±^ ^j:S^ kha-
zan mahlagh ^a%\m min aldt al harh.
Implication, ljj^\ ishdrat, iA:^ kandffoi,
J[^u3 natijaU See Inference; En-
tanglement.
Implicit, J^l^ kdmil, ^\j tdm. See Com-
plicated.— Implicit confidence, jLclcI
fj^l^ i^imdd kdmil. — Implicit obe-
dience, Lt>\j ^ILl itd^t tdmmaL
Implore, v. ^j^^ tadarra^ {^A]^ talah.
' See Beseech, Ask, Beg, Solicit. — To
implore the intercession of another,
wil:Lrf\ iBtoihfa^, An implorer, ^^<3
dd^^ ^jJci^mutadarri^, See Solicitor.
Imply, V, (comprise as a consequence),
^\sj ^1r f^AsJ^\ ishtamal ^ala* no-
idffif. See Denote^ Signify; Infold,
Involve.
Impoison, v, j^a^^ iammam.
Impolitic, impolitical, c^^JcJt a^^Xa ^a-
t^m attadairrub. See Imprudent.
Import, V, (bring into any country),
c,,^ls>" jdlab, Ja) nakdl. To import
goods, ^l^ S"^^ yo/o^ haddye^ ;
(to be of moment), ^ hamm. What
does that import? ^jju UU fndnd
Importyimportanoe (consequence), X^ ,j|^
darUriyat. See Moment.
Import (sense), ^^iJt^ tna^na\
Import (merchandize imported from
abroad), iSLAs^j^ ^ h^^ ^^
haddyi^ majliibat min ghayr mahalldt.
A thing of great importance, isr'^^
^Uf^ matilahat mvhimmatf ^j^ ^""'^
muhim. To be of importance, ^^j^
»dr muhim. A thing of no importance,
^jt^ L5^ ^hiy ghayr muhim. The
wolf, howeyer, reoeiyed not his adyice, and he
retnrned him a rough answer, saying to him,
Thou hast no right to speak on matters of such
great magnitu£, imd on affairs of such an
immense importance, (..i^jJl fJJb As
Important (momentous) ^f^ muhim* To
render important, j^Ji^ ^f^ 15^^ J"^^
^mal ashshy mMm waldzim.
Importation, ^LaJ^ c^lL^I ijtildh al
haddyi^ An importer, ^l>^ ^"^
jaUdh haddyi^
IMP
(730)
DIP
Importunate, J^ talciU
Importunately, ll\Sj ^)aj bikol aakalat.
Importune, v. _)l£ JU takkal ^ala*,
^j\ M^af. See Harass, Teaze, Molest.
Importune, j-i^^ mudajfir. See Vexa-
tious.— (unseasonable), iLs!^j^ ^J
/i ffhatfr mahdlloh.
Importunity, ^J^aJ ioidii^, Aje\ Uh&h.
Impose, V. wJ>^ wada^; (taxes or other
burdens), cjLJI^ ^jlr _^j ramo*
^alayhim iahdhf. To impose (com-
mand as a duty, etc.), ^Jlc ^y farad
^Mf jJ\ amor, i^^ farad. See
Order, Enjoin. — To impose upon, ^JLc.
ghoih. See Cheat, Deceive.
Imposed upon, j^Jf^ maghrUr.
Imposition (laying one thing on another),
^J^ wad^f ^Jo tarh. Imposition of
taxes, etc., v— bJO taklTf. Impositions
or public burdens, JLi^ uJJlXj takd-
Iff ^rfiytU, An imposition (command),
A^ huhm^ Li3 hadd. See Injunction.
(deceit), ^-L^ ^!^^. See Cheat,
Fallacy, Imposture.
Impossible, g,;:u..^ mumtani^f ^jLt^j^
ghayr munikin^ Jl^=^ muhdlj J^j^-^w*
mustahiL Impossible things, CL^Slsr^
tnuhdldU
Impossibility, cLx:l^\ imtind^, aS^
^lCt!l\ ^adam al imkdn.
Impost, ^— qJlO tahllf ^ ratm. See
Taxes, Toll, Custom. [toaram.
Ml**
Imposthume, «. <U.^J dummalat, ^jj
Impostor, i,j\x^ makkdr, j\ss: ghadddr,
,\
khaddd^m
Imposture, iL^ hllat, ji^ 'JS itnwir.
See Deceit, Fraud, Cheat.
Impotence, impotency (want of power),
ifj*yj aSc ^adam hudrai, yf- ^J9l\
(incapacity of propagation), J^ ^ijsl
Impotent, fc— a^t.^ da^f j^^ l'^^
See Feeble, Weak, Powerless.— (with-
out power of propagation), J5>-U ^ajk
Impotently, Is^^ f^Ma Jij hikolia^
wa^asL,
Impoverish, v.^fahkar.
Impoverishment, fj^\ tflds.
Impound, ]o\^\ ahdt.
Impracticable, J^\ ^^^j^^j^ gkaip
mumkin al ^amal. See Impossible,
Fntractable. [Corse.
Imprecate, 9. ^x Ici^ da^ ^5*^'* ^
Imprecation^ U J du^dy iiji la^naL See
Curse.
Impregnable, ^^^ mant^ An impng*
nable fortress, ,,f**a>^ ..r-^^ ^m^ haii»
See Castle. — He then collected the carpent^
builders, and architects, and sent them to tb:
monntain, and they bmlt for her an imprt^-
nable palace, ^^^»rjL^vJ\ ^^-^^^ ^
Iju:u.« \J«^ Lfl \yj jJj J^
Impregnate, r. (with young), <jl^ ^iWfi/.
Impregnated (with young), ,Ju»- ^<(^
To be impregnated, c:l>^1^*w ^^iio^
Impregnated (filled), ^Um» shah^n-
See Saturated.
Impregnation, ^J«>-^a5a/. SeePregnascr.
Impress, i;. (imprint), jt aatar; (tofbroo
into the service of government), J^
sakhkhar. To impress upon the miow
jj\ anar.
>•
1.
Impress, impression, impressure,
^ldmat,i\ air (pl« j^l d8&r)y {J^
nakih. [^fhr. See Ices.
Impression (image fixed in the mini ,
Impressed, Jj(^ mti^a22<iiii. See Marker*
i
Dip
(731)
IN
— li ship, horsesy or any thing im-
pressed into the king's 8er?ice, ijir*
smJtkra,
ImpriBon, v. ^/»«>» hahoi, ^^sr^ sajan.
Imprisonment, ^^/mm^ hobs, ^jsy* »qfn»
Imprisoned, ^jyM^*«r* maMus, ^^s?***^
mtufun. To be imprisoned, (^/u^a^t
inhaboi. [thtimdl.
Improbability, JlcL^SI aJl^ ^adam al
Improbable, (J.«cls^^ ffhayr muhtamai.
See Incredible. [Dishonesty.
Improbity, ijl«t ^ Jlc ^adam amdnat. See
Improper, l^ .^miL^^^ yA^r muncUi^.
Improperly, c, ^^L^^^ ^^ ^* toqfhin
ghayr mundsib. [mandiahai.
Impropriety, <L^Lv-4i.S\ i*tX& ^adam al
Improvable, ^Ji\ ^^^j^^^mumkindlnaf^*
Improvableness, ^i:i\ ^lC«t inikdn al
na/^; .(as a conntry), jUx!\ Jjli kdbU
U ^mdr.
Improve, v, (make better), J^ iollah;
(to edify), (mmjJ[ addab, S& ^attam.
See lostniot. — To improve a country
or estate, J&Jly^ic ^ammir al bildd.
Improvement, .^wL^ ^fA, ^^JuJ ^-
fliuMir^n. Improvement of an estate,
rn^^ ta^fnlr. See Cultivation. — (edi-
fication), ifJiju ta^limf c-^b>ljf iddib.
Improved, J^^^fnusaUah,jytJL^maMilr*
Improver, s. £^^ mtMolhh,
Improvident,^ JcJi JJli kalU attadbir,
Imprudence, iLiii ghaflaty i^a^ A«Xfi
^adam ba^at, ^ mAu, ^JiLc ^ j^ ^o-
Xmpradent, jlc;^\)b itTd imtigdn, h
ijf^, b%ld baalraif 4jiU ^A4/^/, Jib %
btla ^aU, j^^Sj li bild tadblr,, JjbU-
jdhil. [jMhtvan,
Imprudently, Jliu Sb ^t^ ta^lkul, \^
Impudence, i^\j^ wakdhat, (^j\ i*Jx
^adam adab.
Impudent, L^- )b bdd hagd.
Impudently, \^^j^ ^ min ghayr Kayd.
Impugn, V. ^Jl£ s^s^ hajam ^la\ See
Attack, Assault
Impulse (effect of one body acting upon
another),i)ti^ jiSf iflSif aUcuwatadddfi^L
See Incentive, Instigation.
Impulsive, ^t J ify <0 laho kUwat ddfi-
^at, c)jS!^ muharrik. Impulsive force,
KjS:^ i^ kUwat muharrikat
Impunity, i)^aji\ a J^ ^adam al ^kiibat,
^Ldfill AAf ^adam al kisds.
Impure, ^It^^ ghayr tdhir, \jmtsf
mjU, See Nasty, Filthy. [rat.
Impurely, ij\^j^ ^ min ghayr tahd'
Impurity, impureness, Sj\^ ^Jlc ^adam
tahdrat, ^\ser najdmt. See Filthi-
ness, Nastiness.
Imputable, ij^is^sr^ muhtamal, ^^;Cw/»
jL^SIt mumkin al tmdd, (JaxU c.^ y
karzb lU ^akl. See Accusable, Charge-
able*
Imputation, JLii^-l ihttmdl, <iL4^
^«Ama^, ^1^1 ithdm, jL^\ imai. See
Accusation, Charge, Calumny, Ee-
proach. Slander.
Impute, Af7 taham. See Accuse, Cen-
sure, Eeproach, Slander.
Imputer, «. ^b tdkm.
In, (J /E. In the mean time, i^y^ c^
Ci3j /! ghudun mlik. In fact, ii
iuisll /fj AaiiA«<; (on for in), ^^
-.j^^juLJI Jt^:w«!t ^ala^ al manwdl al
INA
(782)
DTC
nuuhrHh. In a continned series, |Jx
JlyJl ^M attawall. In this case,
jl<^\ 1 jjb ,<U ^o/a' hM atiahdlr.
Inability, fjiXftIt ^Jlc ^adam al hudraty
i^\ AtXs. ^am al kuwat. See Im-
potency. — Inability of resistance, a J^
iUtjlLiil ^adam al makdwamaL
Inaccessible, J^^l «^xUb^ mumtani^
al wutHl. [See Incorrectness.
Inaccuracy, ^jJI ^j^ ^oe^tuTi a/ <7»i&^.
Inaccurate, ,^^jJs, ghayr Bahlh. See
Incorrect, Imperfect. \al haraikat.
Inaction, inactivity, iSj^\ aJ^c ^adam
Inactive, ^L^^t a^Aa ^a^m al haraiat,
^Ly^ kasldn. See Idle, Indolent,
Lazy, Sluggish.
Inactively, J^ Jjj Mb^ ihuaZ.
Inadequate, ^\y^j^ ghayr muwdfik^
ghayr kd/t, fj^\j ndki*. See Defec-
tive.— To be inadequate, ^!ltt md Idk,
J^it^U md tedfak, [kat.
Inadequately, iLilJ aJ^ bi ^adam lagd-
Inadvertency, ^f«) sahn, JUjbl liAma^.
See Kegligence. [Negligent.
Inadvertent, JiU y^d/i/. See Careless,
Inadvertently, \^ tahwan.
Inalienable, ^ (— f/^ ^^^i «^^>^^ ^ ^
ahhad yakdir yataw/rraf hxhu \m%d.
Inanimate, ^^j\ bild rawh, S^\>'jd-
Inapplicable, s^^^'Xx^j^ ghayr mundsibf
fjj\!is2^j^ ghayr middhik.
Inapplication, jlf^l /^J^ ^adam ijtihdd.
See Indolence.
Inarticulate, laiUlj^Ui:^^^ ghayr muta-
mayyan al lafi. An inarticulate sound,
inarticnlatene8S,J;ft.«::^^^ lai! lajk ghayr
Inartificial, ^jc^j^ ^^ mm gkmfr
san^at See ArtificiaL
Inattention, JiU7 taghdjul, i^^jiOili
JUl kdlat dayardn al hdl. See In-
advertency.
Inattentive, JiU ghdJU^ ^"r^^^^ gkap
muntabih, ^L* idhL Bee Careless,
Negligent.
Inaudible, c^^yu^f ^ ghayr musmU^,
Inaugurate, t;. ^jm^ karras, ^j ratam.
See Consecrate.
Inauguration, <U«j hay^i, ^j^^ idk"
dl9* The inauguration of a king,
lIM^I \jm^^ jidUi al malik. See
Coronation, [Unfortunate.
Inauspicious, (jm^^U manhiU. See
Inborn, ,<«^ tahl^l. See Innate.
Incage, r. fjasji\ ^ ^j taada^ fil
ka/as. See Confine, Imprison.
Incantation, ^^sr* sahr or WXr. See
Enchantment. ^hility.
Incapableness, incapability. See Ina-
Incapable (unfit), JjU^^ ghayr k^U^
(JiijiS' ghayr Idyik; (without power),
iy h htld kUwat; (withoot under-
standing), Jac h btld ^akl, Jlf h
hdd ^Im.
Incapacious, w^ilj^^ ghayr irdM^. See
Narrow. [wa9^,
Incapaciousness, Xiuojlt /»Jlc ^adam al
Incapacity, Jixll fJ^ ^adam al ^aU,
j1 JucUrfil i% Jlc ^adam al tsti^ddd. See
Inability. fprxson.
Incarcerate, v. (^p«f»^ haha». See Im-
Incarnate, Jumscu mii^iMMi.
Incase, r. i— ttlr. ghaUaf. See Badoee^
Cover, Envelope.
Incautious, JiU yJUr^, ^OJ L Mi
tadbir. See Careless.
INC
(733)
INC
IncantioQsly, ii\s ghdfiUfi^ ^iif J^
hikol ghaflatin^ jUjbl Ji^ hihil ihmdl.
Incendiary, s, (one who seta hoases, etc.
on Are), j]^ harrdk; (a seditious
man), iisJi\ cJjoe^ muharrtk dlJUnai,
jLmaI^ cJjs:^ muharrii aHfudd J^Jut
tnufiid.
Incense, j^a^ hakhkhOr.
Incense, v. {^^nc\ aghdab. See Exas-
perate, Irritate.
Incensed, ^Uioi ghadbdn. Her fiither
then «onTeyed her iato an apartment, and
there confined her, appointing ten old women
as watch women to guard her, and forbidding
her to enter the sefen pahices ; aod he made
it appear that he was incensed against her,
and sent letters to all the King^s, informing
them that she was afflicted wi^ insanity,
iUi If^j tiu^l \^J\ UUl ^\ J
clJ^\ ^\^ J^j\, W^ ^Loi
\^\ ft^^f^
I
Incentiye, t. \l^js^ fnuharrik. See
Impulse, Instigation. — (stimulating),
ijOjS:^ muharrid, \^jS^ muharrtk.
Incessant, /*^t«X^ muddtcim, mAj ddyim.
Incessantly, UjI J ddgman, ^UHl j^Ati
ddyim al ayydm.
Incest, s^jUH ^ UjJl 4-^lOjl irtikdh
auind ma^ al akdrib. [See Accident.
Incident, «. Ju jU- hdd%$at, ^UJl ittifak.
Incidental, incident, ^\ij\ ittifdkl.
Incidentally, IjUj\ ittifdkan.
Incision, incisure, «. i^\j>'jardkai, Jh^
shik* See Wound.
Incite, V. u^j^ harrad, C^j>' harrak,
L^^j raghghab, v,!^ ^«. See Ex-
cite, Animate.
Incitement, C^JjOsT tahrik.
iahrid, (^■%>" ^. See Incentive,
Impulse.
Indvility, c^ jl JLli kiHat adb.
Inclemency, ^liJU mSc- ^adam $ha/akaL
See Cruelty, Severity, Roughness.
Inclement, JU? tdlim. See Cruel, Harsh,
Severe, Merciless, Boisterous.
Indinahle, JjU fndyi7, H^b ^^9^^*
See Willing, Favourable.
Inclination (propension of mind), J^
fMyl, Lxj rughbat, i^\iafr\ injitdh.
See Affection, Love, Propensity.—
(deposition of mind), J^l^- khdtir ;
(tendency downward), J^ inay/. Con-
strain jonr inclination, and yon will be well
conducted, jJ^J C^\^ i^U^
Incline, r. (to be favourably disposed),
JU mdl'y (to bend, lean downward),
Jt« md/.
Inclined, JjU mdytZ, <— fljad.^^ mun^atif,
uJ^Im^ ma^uf. See Bent.
Inclining, JjU mdyt?, yj^^^ munhanl.
Include, v. (comprise), >5-i-^ i^ij-^^-^^
ihtawa^ ^ala\ ^^Jx. f^AsJ^\ ishiamal
^M, See Contain ; a^o Enclose.
Included, inclusive, J...£&-\j ddkhH,
^}asJS^ mushtamd. See Contained.
Incog, incognito, ^^^.iidL« mutkhaffi.
To be incognito, concealed or dis-
guised, ^^AacT takkaffa\
Incoherence, incoherency, JLmjIimiJI ^Jl£
^a(2t»m ^ tnandtabai.
Incoherent, t^^MiU^^,^^ y^r mund^i^.
Incombustible, J^a^) to yuhrak.
Income, Jy^ J^ madkhnl. See Produce,
Revenue.
Incommensurable, ^jmiIaj ) Z^ yui&d«.
Incommode, incommodate, v. ijb\:>^ cj^
«a<Ua^ khdtiraho, i^^j ^Jx Jl«x ^mm^
DTC
(734)
ETC
^llhi lahmaif ^m^-^*^ ta^<^ai» See
Hinder, Embarrass.
Incommodious, cJ^d/t mmaidi^
Incommodiously, X«^ JG hikoltahmai.
Incommodiousness, ^U»-J s«Ama/, <— iKj
takalluf. See Inoonvenience.
Incommnnicable, ^Ij^f ^JkA^j^^haffr
fnumhin al hay&n. See Oommnnicate.
Incomparable, ^^Jai ^U i»d^^ AMfr,
^jj\ Jjy /arf(^ uddahvf ^JU nAJtr.
Incomparably, j^ii} lb ^*^mis!r, ^L»<uuJ)b
&i?a tashbJh, And he was incomparable amon^
the people of his time in glory, conrage, ana
justice to the people, ^Jjbl Jo-j1 j^Oj
Incompassionate, iu»-^«^ ii7d rahmat,
SAiJt» 1) hila ihafakaU See Pitiless.
Incompatible, (J^^yj;^ ghayr muwdfih.
See Inconsistent.
Incompetency. See Inability.
Incompetent, \^,^.^sJc^j^ ghayr mund-
sib, Ji^ji^ ghayr Idyxk.
Incompetently, l.^..wIi^^^ i^^, ^*
toajhtn ghayr mundM,
Incomplete, ^^\j n&kii. See Defective,
Imperfect.
Incompleteness, ^joaj nakt, jyA9 hmur.
See Imperfection, Defect. [w&fakat.
Incompliance, ijjSyiS aSc ^adamalmu-
Incomprebensible, inconceivable (not to
be conceived), C/iJj1 Id udrak, jy
Jixlt fatok al ^akl.
Incomprehensible (not to be contained),
^/iwlJ h hila kiy&9.
Incomprehcnsiblcncss, incomprehensi-
bility, C^jJA\ ASe. ^adam al idrdk.
Incompressible, y^^u 1 Id ytmhasir*
Inoonoealable, , Jta^J Id yukhfa\
Inconclusive, ^U iiaiw, f^^ji^ Shmfr
tdm,
Inoondunvely, h^^ lb hOd nai^at.
Incondusivenen, ^^r^vH a Jic ^adam dl
natljat.
Inconditional, ^jLj^ ghayr skariL
Inconformity, nonconformity, z**'^-^
JLftil^l ^adam al muwdfaiat,
Incongmity, incongruence, ^UmiUmm i /»*X£
^adam al mundsabal, lj3\yli\ a«Xc ^«-
dam al mttwdfalBoi.
Incongruous, Ji\yj^ ghayr wnmmdfk,
^^V^^j^r ghayr mwidiib.
Inconsiderable, 40^1^11 Id i^ibdr laho,
^i Id 9hy, ^^*} diin. See Trifling.
Inoonsiderableness, j\s^^ /»«Ve ^adam
i^tihdr.
Inconsiderate, ^JJ L htld iaibU-y h
i^-^ Wa hoArat^jl'L hUdJOr, JiU
ghdfil. See Impradent, Negligent
Careless.
Inconsiderately, <LlaL>-lL« 3b lUd mmtd-
hatat. See Carelessly, Easbly.
Inconsiderateness, inconsideratioDy aJ^
ylill ^adam aifhr, iji^\ (^*^ ^aiam
al hatHraU
Inconsistence,incon8istency,ilRj\k4]^ >»«X£
^dam al mutdhahat, i^\:^\ *J^
^adam al mundsahai, XslUr^ MtiUalf-
fat, i^h^\ mtadf (pL Ci^-UJi:;^'
ikhtildfdt), ^jJU^ mu^dnadat, jLt*
ta^llulf lj\Ji\ A tXfi ^adam al Uydiat.
See Incongruity.
Inconsistent, J^V*^ ghayr mmwS^
^ ^..l'.^ A ghayr mundiibf ^Um^
ghayr tnutdhik, cJlU::^ mukhaIi/,j}}M^
mughdyir, OJU^ mu^dnidf ^J\i»^ mh
ndfi, ^^\:^mundkid. SeeOmtmyt
Absurd, Bepugnant.
DfO
(735)
INC
TnconBistentlyy c.;«^««aL<«^^ ^^ H wo-
jhm §hayr mund$ih*
Inconsolable, <LL>*rJ^ JjIj^^ ghayr hdhil
attatUyai. See Sorrowful.
Inconstancy, cl^L^Jt aJ^ ^adam assahdt.
See Fickleness.
Inconstant, ^j:^\jj^ ghaifr sdhat, ^/tolL
tdyith. [iabdt.
Inconstantlj, cr^Li ^jJ ^j^ min dun
Inconsumable, uJUlOII wxUb^ mumtant^
al itldf, ^Miji Id yafikati^.
Incontestable, XcjU^ ij\^md hihi
mundta^, tc^^ *^f^9 t^^ hdH^,
^^xLj JStf^^i. An incontestable proof,
;Ll JJj i^o/t; «Ad/t. See Indis-
putable.
Incontinence, ci^^^fuJb cJUf^^ inkimdk
Incontinent, <J:.?t^U CXi^f^ munha^
tnik hil shdhwdL
Incontinently, \1^\a^\ J^ &t^7i9»Afiitdi;.
Incontrovertible, ^Uj ^ tt ma ^t^'ntsd^.
See Indisputable.
Inconyenience, iliLUl >»tXfi ^eiiaM a/
laydhat, <U». ; saAm^^. See Difficulty,
Trouble. — (unfitness), sji3\y a*x&
^adam muwdfakat.
Inconvenient (incommodious), u.^^
ta^aby i\sj saklat; (unfit), (J^^yj^
ghayr muwdfik. See Inexpedient.
Inconveniently, iu>-j J^ hikd nahmat,
^.Mj JG hikol iahaUaf. .
Inconversable, ^Ijcj !l Za yu^a^<2«Aar«
See Unsociable, Incommunicative.
Inconvincible, w^iiijil Id yunkani^
Incorporal, incorporate, incorporeal, j^x.
Inoorporality, Ju«uet ASe- ^adam aljatad.
Incorporate, v. (mingle), lai^^ khalatt
mto dam, ^-'4^ jama^» See Mix.
Incorporation, \A^ khalt, JfWt «'Md^,
aIstI ilhdm, ^\j::^\ tmiizdj, ^ dam.
See Mixture, Union. — ^An incorpora-
tion (a college, body of artisans, etc.),
4J^ hirfiU, See Association.
Incorrect, 0^^ j0a ghayr sakih. See
* Inaccurate. [taslih.
Incorrectly, i^vLa? ^^J ^ mm dun
Incorrectness,
• •
aJ^ ^oiffm iahhat,
.1.0! /%iXe ^oinm fia^A, JUjb\ t^ma/.
See Inaccuracy.
Incorrigible, ,t<Ju^l JjU^ ^A^yr id5i7
attasllh, ^^Ici Id ^ildj laho. See
Profligate.
Incorrigibleness, JiJi\ mSs, ^adam al
isldh. See Depravity, Wickedness.
Incorrigibly, ,^^\ aJuu hi ^adam
attadih
Incorrupt, incornipted,ylb\L tdhir, ^lc>-
khdlisy Jltf sdlihy ^U «a/!. See
Pure, Good, Honest.
Incorruptibility, incorruptness (purity
of manners), JLo galdh, ij\^ tahdrat.
See . Honesty, Integrity, Chastity. —
(freedom from decay), Lsli ^ Jl^ ^adam
al/and.
Incrassate, v. C^^^^ tammak.
Increase, v. (make more or greater), J^J
s^d, uJwl addf; (to grow more or
greater),^ keher, J^ f^eum.
Increase, if Jbj tiyddat, objjl i%diydd,
Oj}jJ tatdyudjj^tij takslr.
Increased, j\jj^ muzddd,
Increaser, «. Jjy$ mtaayyid.
Increated, ^^.sr^j^ ghayr makMuh
INC
(736)
IND
InciedibilityyincredihleDesBy^ Ju^t i% Jkfi
^adam attasdlk.
Incredible, fjxacj J Id yaUuaddak.
Incredalitjjincredulousness, jUifJl ^J^
^adam dl i^tk&d,
Incredolons, Ji^ Idfir.
Increment. See Increase, Produce.
Incmst, 9. (?dth plaster, paint, etc.),
^jJi^ layyiu.
Incmstation (on walls, etc.), ^j**^ iafyu.
Incnbate, v, ^/aJi\ ,Jl£ CL^Jjii ha^aial
^M al hayd, o^:>iA'v> hadanoL See
To sit upon eggs.
Incubation, ,j»a»^ hadn.
Incubus (night-mare), \j»»y}^ h&hiU (pi.
^jt»^}^ hawdhu). [Teach.
Inculcate, Jl£ ^aUam. See Instruct,
Incult See llncultiyated.
Inculpable, (^ hari. See Blameless.
Incumbent (lying upon), ^<^^ tnuttaki ;
(imposed as a duty), /^jt ld%im, v,, mr>'\^
wajiby {Jj^j^ durUri, See Proper,
Necessary.
Incur, V. Jjbli*.il istdhal, ^Js^\ Utdhak,
Incurable, ^ -».lc H Id ^Idj laho, ^:.r>.4 ^
^]UIf mumtant^al ^(Idj,
Incurableneas, incurability, ^^^ &l:»2/tf
imtindt, al %,%ldj.
Incurably, --)U 5b hUd ^tldj, ^^ J ^
4^U^ min dUn mu^UjaL
Incurious, Jiljc^ mtf^^/;. See Neg-
ligent, Inattentiye.
Incursion, $. /^ys^ hujUm, SJ!u»^ handat.
See Invasion, Attack.
Incurvation, incurvity, Ij^aH inhind^
^t^t in^iwdj. See Curvature.
Incurvate, v, ^^i^ hana\ See Bend,
Crook.
Indebted (being in debt
(having obligations).
Indecency, c-^jl ^iXfi ^^dam mU.
Indecent, c^O^Xj &t2a ad!0&, ^fj/^
Indecently, c^j\ a«m ^' ^mIsm •iA.
Indeclinable, t^jOi^j^ y^^iy «*^
iorrif. [Indecent
Indecorum, indecorous. See Indecency,
Indeed (in reality, in truth), ^^^ ^
fil fffdki^, \iij£»- haiakatam, U^is^
tahJnkan, JUAsoJf ^ ^oi^ n/toilJHi
Za^l^yt/Aailfib^. See Certainlr.
—Indeed ! (is it possible ! wonderful!
Ls^ ^'ahan.
Indefatigable, Uj^-ocj !l te yatoib.
Indefatigably, i^^.trJib hOd ta^, ^
Indefeasible, JlLjll ^'.n.^^^ mtMUob
Indefensible (incapable of resistance],
mat; (admitting no apology), ^•■'♦^
jjjKllmtiifitoi»»^a/^«r. Seelnexcusablc«
y^tfyr mahdud.
a vajht
muttaMIfi
8\
Indefinite, J^
Indefinitely, j
ghayr mahiilr.
Indelible, \j*4\j^1\
indirdiy JUa;)^
ihtdl
Indelicacy, ij\Jio ^^Xc ^adam %ardfBt.
Indelicate, /L-ftLUl Ai«Xc ^adim al lutf.
Indemnification, j/^^ u^f^ U^
addarar. [j^oilhi addanr^
Indemnify, v, jj^^ '^^ u^^ ^^ineW
Indemnity (exemption firom punishment.
^Uxa!\ ^ jfliUJl dl mu^dfik MM i
ki»di.
IND
(737)
IXD
Indent, 9. (to covenant), Wj^ ^^aa ca-
rnal ahuritL See Contract, Bai^ain.
Independence (freedom from control),
JiSs>^\ iitikldL Sec Liberty, Freedom.
Independent (anoontrolled), ^J^
*i*^
ference or connexion), ^Jisc^j^ ghayr
muta^aUih. \}an.
Independently (freely), !U:lu«^ mustakil-
Indeterminable (not to be defined or
fixed), f^^\ ^,vr>4b^ mumtani^ alfoilf
j>^\ ^'.r^^b^ mumtani^ al hair, j^
j\j^\ y^f^^-^^glutyr mumlsin alhardr.
Indeterminate, indetermined (not de-
fined or fixed), «3j«Xs^^^ ghayr mah-
dud. See Indefinite, Unsettled.
Indetermination, JlsI\ a J^ ^adam alhadd,
Indeyont, l5^1 m^i^s. ^adlm attakwa\
Index, «• (whatever points to anything),
JJ J daiil. See Forefinger.— The in-
dex to a book, ^U^ fahrasaL
India, ,i^\ jh hildd al hind. Indian,
i^SiJb hindl. They informed me also
that the Indians are divided into seyenty-two
claflsee, and I wondered at this extremely,
• • ••
Indicate, r. ^\j\Jt»\ oihdr *la\ See
Show, Point out.
Indicated, aj\ ^^yt^\ almnma* ilayhi,
Indication, ijS\ isharaty XJ^J daldlat,
JJjc^l istidldl, LJL, ^al&fnat, As\
i^m, ^U^ hurhdn, j\^\ Mdr. See
Hark, Sign, Token, Symptom ; Infor-
mation, Intelligence.
Indicating, indicant, Jt J dal.
Indict, r. (accuse of a crime), ^Jx ^^S^\
iahtaka* cala\ See Accuse.
Indictable, X^lC^Jf l^-^\^ wdjib al iha-
hdyat. [i«>^J^ nuumikm.
Indicted, dJ.fi ^Jl/U^ mushiako^ ^allhi,
Indictment, ^IC^ ahakdyat. See Accu-
sation.
Indifference, indifferency (coldness, want
of affection), XJ^j) hurUdat, Jus^ /^iXs^
^adam muhdbhat; (carelessness), JUjb\
ihmdl. See Negligence. -» (equipoise,
suspension of judgment), JtjcLfi^ u^t-
ddl, JLijU^ muJidalat, ^j^^ muwd'
tanat. See Impartialitj. — ^Verily, indifference
to the world is the most appropriate and the
most sure course, Ij jJI ^ JUbpl ^
Indifferent (cold,unaffectionate), v^^-^*- \^
ii^^ji 9dhib huriidat; (careless), jJiU
ghdJU; (left to free choice), ^.^.ss^ mu'
khayyar; (disinterested), ^yiSt f^*^
codim al gharadiyat, ^!1^ khdlis;
(in a state of mediocrity), Jjcjk^
mu^tadil, Lno^ tnutammL
Indifferently (coldly), ii}jj) JiG hikol
hurudat; (indiscriminately), ^y !b htld
fark; (tolerably, passably), Uaw^r
tawasaitan.
Indigence,^ fakr. See Poverty, Want,
Necessity. The Ehaleefeh, when he heard his
recitation, said to Jaafar, Obserre this poor man,
and consider these yerses, for they indicate his
necessity, want, and indigence, LfJui
Indigenous, t^jJ^ haladl.
Indigent, ^jjii^ muflis, >J^::^.s^ muhtdj\
jJ^ fakir. See Poor, Needy. While
I was one night during the winter paying my
respects to the Oovemor of Alexandria, when
be had brooght the alms money to be distri-
bated to the indigent* and lo ! there entered
an ill-conditioned old man, whom a woman,
who had a masculine appearance, was haolinp
47
IND
(738)
IND
along, l)jS:S^i\ ^^U- Jcx \j\
^^-1 ^J j\ i^\M\ t^.J ^ A,aiJ
^Lmo^ if\^l d\sju iijSUi
Indigested (notarranged, rude), l^^-wJ ]b
di7a tartlh; (not concocted in the
stomach), m*a^j^ ghayr munhadim.
Indigestible^ a«^1 wVUi'^ mumtani^ al
hadm,
m —
Indigestion, ^Uas^ takhmat.
Indignant, L^y^ ghadnh. See Angry.
Indignation, \^^*a£. ghadah, iTo excite
indignation, ^^,Ah ghaddab. See
Exasperate. — "With indignation, jjio
L^^^irtrf. hikol ghadah. [Insult.
Indignity, ^ Ul thdnat See Contumely,
Indigo, J^ nf^.
Indirect (not straight), ^ ^«^ mtf ^awo;',
^Jf^ muitawh Crooked, curved (not
honest), J\^j^ ghayr sdUh.
Indirectly, \jj\J^\ ishdratan, lx>U^ kand-
yatan\ (dishonestly), Xl^b HI hllat.
Indirectness, ^^ ^awj; (unfairness),
<lL>- hllat, ^LS kahdhat See
Dishonesty.
Indiscernible, jyiai^j^ ghayr mantHr.
Indiscreet, j^^^h hild tadhlr, ^U
ghdJU, See Imprudent.
Indiscreetly, JlxJ \i hild tacakkul.
Indiscretion, ilic, ghaflat, ij^^ Ati^
^adam hwlrat, \\p^\ j^Sc ^tdam imti-
yd%. See Rashness, Imprudence.
Indiscriminate, ^j^J^ j^ ghayr mafrnJc.
Indiscriminately, ^j^ )b hUd fark.
Indispensable, f^jl ld%im, ^»n-,9^ muk-
tadl, i^jy/-^ durUrJ. See Necessary.
Indispensableness, Ltfil iktidd, i*»j^
durHrat,
Indispensably, \Jjfardan, \jj^jiivi'
rataUf ijyj0ai\) hU duritrMt, 8ee
Necessarily.
Indispose, r. (in point of health), uixJ
^^t^/f L/^y^ thawwa^h; (to rader
unfit), jJlc^^ ghayyar ^ala*; (to make
averse), ^Jle L,i'^«nr\ aghdub ^a/o*.
Indisposed, ^j^y marld, JjLa^ im;/*/.
See Infirm, Sick.
^ , ^ , jSC'
-^Ij^l inhirdf al mkdj. See Sickness.
Indisputable, ^^^^^irJIl Jjli ^ ^Affjff
kdhil al t^itrdd, L^UaSI ^J^^^L^^ nw*
^aAi^ a/ mandza^t [taintj.
Indisputableness, ^^^^ yai^n. See Cer
Indisputably, liJaT ^oAJHiaii, ^^'<f
&t7 yakln, LJj yakHnan. See Ca-
tainly,
Indissolvable, indissoluble, J^j 1 **
yunhal, ^^yak]\ J^^^cw* mttf^i/ ^
nakd. See Inseparable, Firm, Obii-
gatory, Everlasting.
Indissolubility, indissolableness, ^^
<J!/l^lt1 ^odam a/ tnfikdk. See Fine-
ness.
Indissolubly, JlLscrtlj hild inhUdl.
Indistinct, l^^^^ j^ ghayr mummff^
See Confused.
Indistinctly (not clear), ^\^j^ ^ a^
ghayr haydn, ^JjS h hild fori. ^^
Confiisedly. — An object seen va^
tinctly at a distance, t^JU thM j^
-L^l aihhdh).
Indistinctness, \\^:^\ f^Se> ^tulsm i
imttydz. See Confusion. — (want ^
clearness), ^UJ\ A«Xfi ^adam al Uf^
Tbiu I remained, nn^ one day I walk«d v^
the shore of the island, and there spi»<-"^
nnto me an indistinct object in thedi^*''^
IlTD
(739)
INK
• .r
J^*:? c/* vJi*** Vi^
lodite, r. (write), ^<mJ1 aiw^' ; (dictate
a letter), ^ ^^ nas laho.
Individual, «\>-^^ wdhid; Can individual),
4^^^tfi-^ «^^^ (pi. ^li-^l ashkhds).
Individually, \jj3 f J^ fardan fardan,
t.x>.U t j^>-t^ i9<lAii20n f^dAtd!tr», See
Singly.
Indocible, indDcile, JucJt ^JjlS^^^^r
kdhH ai ta^aUum,
Indolence, indolency, JUjb^ thmal, J^
katal. See Sloth, Laziness. — (freedom
from pain) ^-fr^^ ^*^ ^adam al wajac.
Beware of indolence, for it is the key of indi-
gence, the origin of distress, the chAracteristic
of weakness and follj, and the habitual temper
of the servile and dependent; and none gather
honey who choose indolence, nor win any
one fill his hand who Inxuriates in repose,
rndolcnt, JiU ghaJUf ^^U hamU, See'
Lazy, Slow, Slothful.
[ndolently, ^^J^ ^JC hikol JtasaL See-
Carelessly, SlothfuUy.
[adubi table, indubitably, Cjji»h Hid
shah. See Undoubted.
nduce, <^. ^j>^ harrak, {jOj^ harrad.
See Excite, Incite, Persuade.
□daced, C^jS^ muharrah, (jOj^'^ mu-
harrad. See Persuaded, Prevailed upon.
nducement, u^^jry targhib, \j^^j=^
tahr^d, iJSija^ iahrik. See Incen-
tive, Motive.
Induction, J^4X^ madkhal. See En-
trance, Inference. [Inferring.
Inductive, ^:^ muibM^. See Persuasive,
Indulge, V. (grant), ^Jl£ mmj] an^am
^M, 0^^ manah ; (show kindness),
IsAZiS j^ azhar al thafakat. See
Favour, Fondle, Gratify.
Indulgence, -.Uu«) aamdh ; (show of kind-
ness), s^AoJL shafakat, yic cofu, ijSM
maghfarat. [Q«ntle, Favourable,
Indulgent (kind), if)S haflm. See Eand,
Indulgently, -.U^^ ^Jxj hikol tamdh.
Indurate, v, (make hard), ^^^ makkan.
Industrious, ^\^ B^^y JUbtsr^ mujdhid,
k.,;^ lahlB, jiU- hdtik. See Dili-
gent, Laborious.
Industriously, ^^ua Jij hikol sa^l, ^Jxj
iX^ hikol jahad; (on purpose), \Xa3
kasdan, Ju^ ^ ^n kasd. See In-
tentionally, Designedly.
Industry, j<«-» m^I, «J4>- jaM, See
Diligence, Assiduity. — And he replied, My
son, rovinj^ is the' entrance to this methoo,
alertness its garb, adroitness its lamp, and
audacity its armour and weapons. Be swifter,
then, than a locnst, more prowling than a
jackal, nimbler than a wild gazelle, and bolder
than a tiger- wolf ; strike fire from the flint of
fortune by industry, and knock at the door of
maintenance by assiduity, ^^}i JUi
Inebriate, r. iLs M^ar, ^^C^l (Hkar, J^
sakkar. See Intoxicate. — (to be in-
toxicated), ^^C) sek&r. [Intoxication.
Inebriation,^^d sukr. See Drunkenness,
DTE
(740)
DTP
M\ aJu:
Inebriated, ^^^/^ iahrdn. See Drank.
Ineffable, ^Jua^ ^J^i^ ^ y^mkinwoifiiho,
Ineffective, ineffectual, inefficaciooB, ^
dJxli^Af min ghayr fd^iyat, (JLb
hatil.
IneffectuallyyineffectiTeljyinefficacioiidy,
^"^^ji^ i:^ mtn ghaifr fd^iyut.
Ineffectualness, inefficacj,
^adam at tdHr.
Inelegance, ^Uaill /^S& ^adam td hid/at,
i3\Jgi\ /^Sz ^adsm «/ fmrdftU. Inele-
gance of writing or eempoBition, i*«Xfi
LuJUI ^adtun al inshdM
Inelegantly, ^UaS aJju hi ^am latdfat.
Ineloquent, ,^^j^ ghayr fatilk. See
Eloquent.
Inept, Jjl5^ ghayr kdhil. See Unfit,
Useless, Foolish, Trifling.
Inequality, ^\\jssViAJx>^aiamali^UddL
Inerrable, ^ h hid tah^.
Inerrably, JjH Id iud. See Infiillibly.
Inerringly, ^ lb hild sahtL,
Inert, KlfjS^j^ ghayr mmtuharrik.
See Motionless, Sluggish, DnlL
Inertness, t^j^\ |* J^ ^adam al harahai.
See Dullness, Sluggishness.
Inestimable, XiJi a!U mdlaho klmai.
Inevident, ^\^j^ §hayr wddih*
Inevitable, i^\:c^i\ ^:a4^^ mumtani^
al ijtindh^ j1«3a»^!ll J.c<W.>t mustahll
al ihtit&r. [jghayr ma^Hr,
Inexcusable, J ijuS ft! ym^%ar,j^J^fL^j^
Inexcusableness, £{j^Jut^\ ^«Xc ^a(2^m
a/ ma^zUriyat.
Inexistent, inexisting, AJtX£ ^adbn, j^
*^^y ghayr mawfud.
Inexistence, J^jJI ^j* ^adam ul umj\td.
Inexorable, M^^^jSt Id yarkamy 4iL«
ij^;^jf% mdJMm markamat. See Stab-
bom, Herciless.
Inexpedienoe,inexpediency9 Lma\iji^ «J£
^adam almundsahai. See Impropriety.
Inexpedient, i^^^^\^j^ (fhayr wdjUk^j^
(jJ^\y ghayr muwafik. See Improper.
Inexperience, ^l^^l aJlc ^ai0si«/M*
f»^^£sx]1 A<xc ^adam al tajrthai.
Inexpiable, ^^Affj) Id yughfar.
Inexplicable, «■ ..i^.Ji.^J ftl jfvnuilsni,
(«jli0^!l Id ymwdof, [Id ymetsi.
Inexplicably, t^^jjJ^cyj hi Mtf&ri
Inexpressible, ci^^^l Id yaw$af.
Inexpressibly, i^ycyj.^ i^yi ^
wafhin ghayr fMwvOf.
Inextinguishable, _i]a;j!l Ul ymdafl.
Inextricable, J^l ^Jj^^L^ wmstM^
hall, J^) Id yanhoL See Peiplexed.
Intricate.
Infallibility, infallibleness, aL^xI i->
sdm, lks^\ ^ ^^bioiiSl al ^itmai &»«•'
khatdf fjJL!i\ Jl£ ^tTfliWyaiblii, jJa^
tahkik. See Certainty.
Infallible, lks)\ ^ (^T^'^^ ma^Hm ^
a/ ib^M. See Certain.
Infallibly, l:^^ yaklnamj \jLjS^ UJ^-
kan, a^LmJI ^ mm «/ m«^/«0i, ^*«
Jj J^ mm ib/ ^nJ. See Certainlj.
Infamous, ^yM^isr* mufarroi, ^^ai^mi!'
d^h, {lif>^ mahtiik. See Ignomioiou
In&my, infamousness, Zf<^maj JM^
See Ignominy. [Beginning, Ori^
Infancy, l^^ iu/nliytti, L^ m^. Set
Infant, «. jJj U7«M^ Jit /{^
See Child.
^
INF
(741)
INF
Infantilei infantine, Sij^ Jl^ miil al
waiad. See Childish.
Infantry, jtjIj payadah; (an annj of
infantry), ^\^JL^ ^asakir nrnh^
shdyi.
Infatuate, v. ic^ _3 t^i>ii\j ^J^\ Jof
^aaaam oihshay hil hizbfi ^ymhu
Infect, V. f^Jx, ^a\ i^\^\ aadh.
Infected, 4/0^*2^ mun^idi. Infected
with pestilence, ^y^ mat^n.
Infection, infectioiisness, ^]j^ sardyat,
^^IL td^n, if^«xe ^adwat. See Con-
tagion.— Infection of the air, \j^\ dJ^ir
^u/Hnat al hawa, [mu^h
Infectious, infective, iSj^ »dri, i^*^^'^
Infectioosly, i^*^^^^ i^^, ^^ wajhtn
Infelicity, ^jit,s^ nah, \JLL ihakd. See
Calamity, Misery, Unhappiness.
Infer, v. (draw a condusion from pre-
mises), ,j^ui^\ iatantqf, Jjcurf\ istadalf
^j^ ^\ antaj min. See Bring, Offer,
Produce.
Inferred, g^^U ndtij.
Inference, a, ^^^cuJ natljaty ^/mLS hifds^
^^\>^ hdiik. By inference, inferrible,
^^La]^ ^Jl£ ^tfZa' al hiyda. See De-
ducible. "
Inferiority, ^jl3 J dandtoat, ^J s>^\ ^^
clioj kaum ahhad d^tn ghayroh fil
snakdm aw akal minM tihnan wa nahik
%alik. See Baseness.
Inferior, ^^J dUn, ^j\ adna* Ja^\ asfal
(pi. JSL\ asdJU), d^&sar iahidnl. The
inferior part (of anythiog), cu-^o^ tahi,
^tj\ awia*.
Infernal, ^^4>i,^p^ jahannamh The infer-
nal spirits, <tfy,»S^ ^|^1 artrdAAAaS2«a^.
Inferring, adj\ ^LX/t ,j^ yffn^(/ miVtAa.
Infertile, L,.>i.n^^^ yA^r kheseh.
Infertility, c^.^n'^l iLij itf/^^ a^ i^A^i^^.
Infest, t^. c-^ naAffi, 1^*^ ta^adda',
^jOjMj ta^rrad, ji dor. To infest the
roads, (jl)oi\ ^LS hkiat^ nA tarlk.
Infidel, s,j3\^ kafir.
Infidels, ^U^ ktrfaTf ij^ kfrfarat. Like
an infidel,^U3! Jt^ misl al kdjir.
Infidelity, ^^'^\ /^<^ ^adam iddfn, J^
kafry ^UjHI a Jj: ^adam al Imdn. See
Impiety. — (treachery), A3Lr>- kUyd-
nat, Uyt AiXe. ^adam al tcafd. See
Perfidy, Deceit.
Infinite, ijl^ ^t« tndlaho nihdyat, j^
^Jik>s^ ghayr m/uian&hl. See Bound-
less, Endless, Immense.
Infinitely, iA^ L hUd nihdyaL
Infiniteness, infinity, infinitude, /^J^
Ll^\ ^adam al nihdyat.
Infinitive (of a verb),j Ju3.« masdar, ^Ji
J Jua^l wn of masdar.
Infirm, cjLxii da^V> J^ t'^^h J^^
tna^^l, ij^j^ maridr ft^JLi aa^m. See
Weak, Feeble.
Infirm (pi.), \sjiJ du'^afS, ,^j^ murada\
Infirmary, «. UmJ\j\j dor aahahafd,j\j
^yi!A ddr al tnarad.
Infirmity, infirmness, u,iiw> da^af, \^j^
marad. Bodily infinnities, ^j^^
JlJUwuu£»- ^awdridjumdniyai.
Infix, v.jjA yharaz (more correctly {jm^
yharoi), Toinfix in the ground, l-^^^.o)
tMsab, To infix or drive in pales, ^J
0Jj)\ dak al watad.
Infixed, i^)ya\^ maruQh, See Fin.
Inflame,!;, (set on fire), J^ Jutrak, ^^xJ^
iha^l; (to kindle desire), Jj^ thaw-
INF
(742)
INT
wak; (to exaggerate), ^U Idlagh.
See Aggravate.
Inflamed, ^^jcJL^ mmhta^, i^'^fA^
tnultahih, ^^^ malhuh. [^t7.
Inflamer, 8. W'^^ mtdhih, f^xJj*^ mwh"
Inflaming, part, c-^^^ tnulhib.
Inflammability, inflammableness, dj3
JljcJblll Jcutcat al ishti^l.
Inflammable, ^ya^ jfuhrak.
Inflanunation, j\^^ ihtirdk, c^lfJI
iltihdb, JUi-il ishti^dl, ij^j^- hararat.
Inflammatory, ^^'^ mukrik^ See In-
flaming.
Inflate, v, i^ nafakh. See Blew.
Inflated, ^y^^ man/ukh. See Haughty,
Pompous, Swollen.
Inflation, Aasj] iniifdkh, ^ na/kh. See
Platulency.
Inflect, V, t— flhr ^ataf, J^« mayyd^y^^
dayyar. See Bend, Turn, Change.—
To inflect (a noun or ^rb), (Jxill c^^
tarraf alJi^L
Inflected, (^Ut;^ mun^a^/, uJ^Im^
See Bent.
Inflection, J^Uj tatndyul, L»ake ^d^^,
J^ mayt/; (modulatiou of the voice),
l^ naghnuU; (of a noun), f^^j^oj
tasrlf, {^joj toMrruft v-i^ wr/.
Inflective, J-**^ mumayyil.
Inflexibility, inflexiblenees, h*\z^ mata-
flat, JLa ^tndd. See Stubbornness,
Obstinacy ; also Stiffiiess.
Inflexible, Ju:x ^nid, Jja:l^ mutamar'
rid. See Immovable, Stubborn, Stiff.
Inflexibly, ^'b^ Jij hikol matanat, Jij
Inflict, V, (punishment), ^L^b ^C^-
Infliction, ^^LaSlb A^jC^ htikamst Ji?
ib«5«. See Punishment.
Influence, J\ air, j^\j tdHr. Sec Im-
pnlse.— (over others), i. J5 htdrd, if
kuwat. See Authority. — Influeneea of
the stars, tl^l^lJ tdtirmt, ^\L>\ tk-
kdm, K^\^\ ^jJiLxi\ Miadm^h-
iodkih. A happy influenoe of the stais>
,X3u»sa^. AiiunhappyM[ifluenoe,j^«a^
nah.
Influence, v.J\ asMr, CJ^ harrdt.
Influenced, -Jlj <0 J-<?U- hdtUbihimr
Influx, J--, ioyl, ^\fr Jaraydn. See
Infusion, Influence.
Infold, V. uJJ laf. See Involve.
Infoliate, v. (cover with leaves), js^
m
j^^b yhatta* hilwarak.
Inform, r. ^ it»«aJar, ^lA ^\ a-M
i^m, j^ aJMar. See Instruct
Form, Animate. — And I informed tbe Kk
that this ship was the one in which I ▼«» i
passenger, and I told him also that my ^
had arrived all entire, clXLa!^ ^j:,.^a^i
Information, (♦5L1 t^few, ^ W«i»^.
cJy^ wa^feu/, L-^fc>U tddihy ^ i^i'
llm, wiJ tafhlm. See Instrucda^
Intelligence, Accusation. — ^To have is-
fonnation, ,^^ dS-\ okhMihahar, ^
attala^,j*£>^ ^jl^j\^ 8dr ma^ hh^'
Informed, ^Ik* mutiali^.jf^ i^^td^
khabar, t— aiil^ wdkif. To be infanDei
j^ i^] akJM khabar, ^\ atUik^
Informer, «. (one who gives intelligent
,*ir* mukhabbir; (an accuser), j«^
yhammdz, a\aj nammdtn, ^L «:'
ING
(743)
INH
Infraction, *^ foiokh^ ^i3 naiai. An
infraction of the peace, J^\ ^joij
nakad al stdh. See Breach, Violation.
Infrequent, J jU nddir. See Bare, Un-
common.
Infringe, «. (compact), ^fasakh, ^JaAj
naiad. See Violate, Destroj, Hinder.
Infringement, '^fa$akh. See Infraction.
Infuse, r. v— X..> Bakab. \^^ hah t^..^^
• • •
iah. See Pour, Instil. — (to steep, mace-
rate), ^aJ naka^, J9* hall. See Dis-
solve ; aUo Tincture, Inspire.
Infused (poured), c-j>^JL«m^ ma9kuh\
(macerated), 9 ^^:*^ manhl^.
Infusible (possible to be infused), ^jC^^
^aJI mumkin al nak^ J^l JjIS kd-
btl al haU ; (not fusible or dissolvable),
iS^^^ Id yanhal.
Infusion (pouring), c,^.<^ mJ, t^.X^i Mi^i;
(steeping, macerating), wAJ nai^c.
Infosive, (Js^ yunhal, ^^*a''^l yumab.
Ingenious, f^^Ja %ari/, i-jLLJ lallf,
i^jU t(Srt/,^L« mdhir. See Witty.
— An ingenious man, JIjc v_-'^lf
«aAi5 ^kl. See Genius.
Ingeniously, ^ Jas J«i^ ^«^/ ^ai/»», JIj
JL^I^ hikol fardsat.
Ingeniousness, ingenuity, Ji£ (pi. J^Lc
^u^u/), L»ly fardaat, C/\j'S\ idrdk.
See Genius, Wit, Invention, Subtlety.
Ingenuous (candid), ^cL^ Bddik^ (Ji'^^
Bodlk, ^jAJ::^ mukhltB, ^l><. khdlis,
^j %akl. See Open, Free, Generous,
Noble.
Ingenuously, JX^b hit sidk.
Ingenuousness, JfJ^ sidk, ^^^ khu-
lus, iL3lJu0 Baddkat, See Candour.
Inglorious, ijj danl. ,Ji^^ haklr, .^
^ y^yr <^rf/. See Base, Igno-
minious, Mean.
Ingloriously, ^jU>- (J^ &iib/ hakdrat,
iiL^Uii J^ hikol fadlhat.
Ingot, «• (of gold or silver), XC,>.o «adi-
itf^ (pl. c1X[Lmj Bobdyik).
Ingraft, i?. (trees, etc.), ^ ta-^m. See
Plant, Insert, Fix. — To ingraft a piece
of cloth into a garment, ^j rakka^.
Ingraftment, ingrafting, ^.i^lajf tat^im.
Ingrafted, ^Jtla/t muta^^am.
Ingratefnl, \ij!t j^iSc ^adlm al wafd,^\j
f^\j^^i\ndkiralihBdn. See Ungrateful.
Ingratiate, v. (oneself), (^.iLjCLd) iBta^-
taf, JUju.)! iBtamdl.
Ingratitude, Jtr^^ u)J^ nakrdn al
Jamil, JuaJI i^^j^ kujrdn anni^matf
^^\ ^^/^ kufrdn anna^am, \j^\ ^Sz
^am al wafd.
Ingredient, ^j>-jMil, \j>-\ qftd.
Ingress, ingression, J^^-£»^J dukhUi,
ll:>^\jk^ muddkhalat. See Entrance.
— Ingress and Egress, ^^^^ J^*^
dukhul Ufa khurHj.
Ingulf, V. (swallow up in an abyss), wL
hala^ ^-^^ ihtdla^.
Inhabit, v. f^JC>^\ tBtakdm, ^^^^ iamak-
kan, ^jL^ Bakan.
Inhabitable, j^^CuuytM^n. SeeHabitable.
Inhabitant, b, ^Li Bdkin, ^j^i^^s^ tnuta-
makkin, ^^^ muklm, Jiof^ mtUawatin,
^yiAu^ tntuiatptin, jSza**.^ mtutakir.
Inhabited, ^^L**^ moBkiin, jy^x^ ma&-
mUr, j^\£' ^mir. To be inhabited,
^jL^\ iruakan. [naghmat.
Inharmonious, ^Ujcil >#j£ ^adam al
Inhere, v. ^»^ul iltaham, ajI Idtam, Jaer\
ittahad. See Adhere.
INI
(744)
INJ
Inherent (inborn), iX^ j'ahh, ^X^^
oillf (J^J %dtl, 9yr^ mathu^, \J^
iab^, L5*:?r^ to^i^I. See Innate.
Inherit, v, Cjr^ werei.
Inheritance, klj\j^^ mJrds, klj)\ trs,
^\jj wardiOt, ISji tarkat. See Heri-
tage. And he had not been blessed with a
male child to inherit the kingdom after him,
as he had inherited it from nis fathers and
forefathers. So this state of things caused
him the utmost grief, the greatest anxiety, and
the meet violent vexation, jJ^ ^jjj J^
Inheritor, C^l^ wdrtB. See Heir.
Inhibit, 9. ^^ mana^ See Prohibit,
Forbid, Bestrain, Check.
Inhibition, ^^ man^. See Prohibition,
Embargo.
Inhospitable, tm^L^d^j^ ghayr muilf.
Inhospitably, ii\^jJo hi ghayr diydfat.
Inhospitableness, inhospitality, f^Se,
^Lioil ^dam addiyd/at, ^J^f^^ /»J^
^am attawflk.
Inhuman, Lk»^j \i htld rahmat, ^£a^ h
hild shafakat, <U^y^ h hild marhamat,
^luJt L hUd insdniyat, JU? ndlim.
See Merciless, Pitiless, Cruel, Savage.
Inhumanity, 4jLj)t /^Se- ^adam al in-
tdniyat, Jd? %ulm, ^aamJI /^Sz ^adam
oshthafakaL
Inhumanely, Jia J^ hikol stf/m.
Inimitable, olbj H Id yutakallad.
Inimitably, Juliilt wiiiu^^y hiwajhin.
mumtani^ attaklid, jJ^ ) ^^ hi wa-
jhin la yutakallad.
Iniquitous, ^1 j^Hb htld ^addlat, uJLail )
4! Id ifudf laho, i^^X"^ muia-^,
JU^ Mim. See Unjust, Wickei
Iniquity, l\\jji\ aJl£^ ^aimn a/ ^Met,
(^Juu ta^addl, Jiff fM/m, ^^ /kt.
See Injustice, Wickedness.
Initial, Ji]\ awwali, J\^\ ihiiddi. See
Incipient. — ^An initial letter, uJ^
4^1jai\ harfibtiddl.
Initiate, v. j£^ jt aiMa/. To initiate in
the rudiments of an art, Jr>^ Jl odM,
j\jj\ ^ J^ J^ adkhid/ll turdr.
Initiated, j}^\ 4 J^^*^ddkMIfilamr.
Initiation, j\jJi\ ^ Jli^jl idkkal fd
iurdr, ^lI^^X* maddkhalai.
Inject, p. J^jl adkhal, ^Jb iarah.
Injection (throwing in), Jl^i-jt idkhdl,
U!\ tlkd, ^Jb iahr. An injection,
iuto^ Atfibia^. See Clyster. — To gin
an injection, ^JA»- hakan.
Injudicious, J^'lJ ^Ut mdlaho tamnml,
ijii^ <(!t« mdlaho haglrat. See In-
prudent. [See Imprudently.
Injudiciously, J^^lJ )b &i2a taammuL
Injunction, Jl^ Ati^, ^\ asir. See
Command.
Injure, v. jj^ J-«wft ^amal darar, ^
tdam. See Hurt — An injnrer, J-i
ddrrir,j\ji£' ghadddr, ^^ j'^J^'
Injurious, Jll? %dlim,j»a^ mudir. See
Hurtful.— (unjust), Jjs^ j^ ghgf
muhik, 4^La)t ^U mdlaho uudf. See
Contumelious.
Injuriously, ij0A^ JG hikol mvdamt,
U\j^h hild ^addlat, ^;^ J^ ^'
ta^n.
Injury, ^t^ nti^an, Ji? sti/in,
mos^ma^, 1 Jcxl i^^tiJ, v^Jju tscfddi,
j^J(iur,jj^ darar, ij^9 mudarr^t^
noEi
(743)
INN
<U jt Mlffat, See Damage, Contamely,
Beproftch, Detriment, Harm, InjuBtioe. We
made aig;ns to them with our ftngerB, and said.
We are ambanadori to the moet honoured
King of China, therefore do us no injury ; but
in answer thej aaid. We are not in hia terri-
toiy, nor under hia government, U^U
Injastice, JlI? stt/m, JUttXs ^J^ ^adam
coddlat, ^\ lJU. JckOaf al hai.
See Iniquity, Injury, Wrong. Were it not
that he loveth thee, he had not fedlen sick on
thy aooount, and his soul had not almost
depurted by reason of his loye for thee ; and all
this is the effect of the oppressiye injustioe of
thy father, ^^Lt CS-foT ^\ H^j
Ink, j^ hihr. Bed Ink, yk>^\j0^'
hihr ahmar. An ink*horo, iA^i^
daw&yat (pi. c:l?M^ J dawdydt), ijfSn^
tndhharat. Cotton, lint, etc., pat into
an ink-horn, JlaJ hkat. [tion.
Inkling. See Hint, Whisper, Intima-
Inlaid, ^*^ muroMa^, \jf*^ mu^ayyan
And when they determined to go out, they
saw Uiere, in the midst of that pnlace, a door
of saj (or Indian saka), inlaid with iTory and
ebony, and adorned with plates of brilliant
g^ld. Oter it was hung a curtain of silk
worked with yarions kinds of embroidery, and
upon it were locks of silyer to be opened by
artifice, without a key, ^Jlc ^yj^ Uii
Inland (remote ftom the sea), Jt Ji^l J
ddkhil al harr. See Interior. ■
Inlay, v. w.^ ra8$a^, JS kaUam.
Inlet, J^J dukkal, JfLj^ maikhdl.
See Entry, Passage, Creek, Bay.
Inly, (Jlf^fi) ddkhih. See Internal,
Internally. [muitairl.
Inmate, a.^>-l2MMS musidjir, ^iz^t^
Inmost, ^y^^ (J^^ol adkhal md yaiUn.
Inn, «. (J^yb hoM, ^JJl^j! hkdnda,
^y^ manual (pi. ^}j\i^ mandtU). To
inn, ifdj\^^\ ^ JjJ nhilfll lokdnda.
Inn-holder, inn-keeper, ir jJl^jU\ uy^.^-l^
sdhib al lokdnda.
Innate, ^yu^ tab^, J\j %dti, ^^J^
khalkl, ^^\ aih, ^J^^ jabli, ,^^«--t
iabi^, J^^f^ ifia;3fl/, uSjij^ ghair%%\.
Innateness, CL^tj sd^, ^jlJ^ tabl^at.
Innate ideas, J^Jt ^^sji\ al ^U al
awwal, ^lL>- jablaL An innate
quality, iLi^lsL khdmyai.
Inner, ,J^f(3 ddlhiU. See Interior.
Innocence (freedom from guilt), ijjJ
tdbriyat, <Umac ^umat, l-^ JJt >»Ji&
^oiam alnanh; (purity), ij\^ tahdrat^
i^j %akdwai, ^Umoa ^mat, ^l:>-\
ikhldi, ,^^^ khtdili. See Purity,
Harmlessness.
Innocent (not guilty), Atyox^ ma^m^
(n^jlb hi^ %anb; (pure), Jblt tdhirf
^j saklf j\) bdr, i^ls^ khdlis. See
Harmless. [naw^n harl.
Innocently (not guiltily), <^^?^ W
Innovate, v. ^Jcjt tbtada^, C^«x^t ahdas.
See Invent.
Innovation, ^t^XJul ibtidd^ C^tju^-l
tA<^«, jlaH i/iai^. See Invention.
rs^B
(746)
INS
InnoTator, <• ^Ljj^s^ miMi$, ^Jw*
Innoxious^ innocaooB. See Inoocent.
Innuendo, $. ij\Zi\ uhdratf iA:S kandifat.
Innumerable, JouS Id yu^ad. See In-
finite.— ^Innumerable as the ants, ^Jl^
JjLfi 4]t« (J^f i»m/ annaml mdlaho
codad.
Innumerably, ^^llM>- ^L« ma/o^ Amo^.
InoffensiyeyyidjS Idyudwr. See Innocent,
Harmless. [regular.
Inordinate, fXioj \i hUd nitdm. See Ir-
Inquietude, ^\^\ ^y^kLj\ %n$highdl alh&l.
See Disquietude.
Inquire, v. (ask about), j^^tJc^S utafsar,
j^^ss^\ utafham, Am,. A idtaclam,j^J^LJ
istakhhar; (seek, search after), immIoT
tafoiios, {ji*>sr* tafahhoi, ^Jtcj fatiash,
^jos^ fahoi. See Ask, Seek, Search,
Examine. — To inquire after news,
^^«icUit utakhhar.
Inquirer, m.jmJcmj^ mmtafairf ^jttM*.:sx^
mutajanU, ^jasP^ mutafahhis, ^JSiCA^
mufattish, ^mWm^ tnwtanhl, li^
fattdsh. See Examiner, Inquisitor.
Inquiry, inquisition, lUuii^t utifsdr,
X
\
jUsCU)i istikhhdr, (ja^^j tafiUht^jcsr^
ta/ahhiu, ^^MMMfisT tajauuB, See Ques-
tion, Search, Examination.
Inquisitive, ^^ /m ^cu^ mutajassis,
^.o&Um^ mtM^o^I. See Inquirer,
Curious. [utiksd. See Curiosity.
InquisitivenesB, ^^»>,^ tajoisus, \^»3X:^\
Inquisitor, «. ^/boi^ mufattish.
Inrail, v. (surround ^ith rails), J.^«x
ci^lijiJj|^J ^amal dardbzundt.
Inroad, *^lc ghdra. Sec Incursion, In-
vasion.
Insane, ^y^-^ mafniin ^^^L hUd uJd.
See Mad.
Insanity, 1 J^ tawdd, ^^^jtmikn. See
Madness. [SeeAvanetonSyGhcedj.
Insatiable, insatiate, ^-f^l Id yaM4^.
Insatiableneas, ^^ tama^, SeeArarice.
Insatiably, wl? ^J^ hiiol tama^.
Inscribe, r. *3; rakam, u--c^ jbiiai. See
Write, Enrol.
Inscribed, /^^j^ nuirhum, JuL« mtcitf jr-
ya<^, u^y:L/9 maituh, (^^"^ manuwk,
jjS^ muharrar^ j^nm^ mmgtUr, A
table or monument on which anything
is inscribed, -.j) lawh (pi. ..^jSt oiirdA^,.
Inscription, i, h}s^ hUdhatf s^j rasm
(pi. f^^j rtuum). The inscription «r
title of a book or letter, ^\^ ^oittrda.
Inscrutable, ^mihW w;i.^^ rnKm/oni^
al taftUh, ^^fas^\ Jj,'<Ui<.^ mtw^i/
Insect, <. ^^^U4^ AmAoto^ (pL 1.^^^.^^
haahardt), JL^\jb hdmat (pL ^\tS
ahwdtn). The insects of the earlL,
,^'oJi\ j^\^ hawdm al ard, ^:u\j^
ijoJi\ Juuhardt al ard, [care, Saft- .
Insecure, ^^^\j^ ghayr amln., See Se-
Insecurity, ^U:^*! ^Ss. ^adam amaniyat
Ja:>' khatar, ije\jir^ mukhdtarat, Se?
Security, Safety, Danger.
Insensibility (inability to perceive cr
feel), ^Lbi^-lll ^Jlc ^adam ai iksur.
(stupidity), Jiuli /^Sz ^adam a/&ci/.
(dulness of corporeal sense), ij*j
V]/«<S^ harHdat al mitdj; (want ci
affection), ^^^y barudat, dL^i^s^ aJl;
^dam tnuhahbat. See Sensibility.
INS
(747)
INS
Insensible (unable to perceive or feel),
^j»t>^ li Md has ; (stapid), * Jic 1)
hUd ^aU, ^lA^\ ahmak, jJj halld;
(cold in constitation), ^rl/^^ ^J^ hdrid
al miadj; (witliout affection), m^Ja
^S^\ ^adlm al muhahhat ; (gradual),
^ jJCL^ mutadarrif. See Sensible.
Insensibly (imperceptibly, by degrees),
\af2jJj tadrijan, ^^JcJU hU tadrij;
(without mental or corporeal sense),
V^^ji^f^y* mm ghayr hag. See
Stupidly, Frigidly ; dUo Sensibly.
Inseparable, JusiJJi J,;,<U>^^ mustahil
al infiidlf ^^.aix^j^ ghayr munfml.
See Separable.
Inseparably, JLai^l^^Jb hi ghayr injUdU
Insert, 9. ^jJ darraj^ J^ jl adkhal.
Inserted, ^ jJli^ mundarij.
Insertion, JU^jf idhhdl, ^^^J^l tndirdj,
^h\ Udj\ Ihdtm.
Inside, ^ja^ dtmn. The inside, ^b
Insidious, j^Ai ghadddr. See Deceitful,
Sly, Treacherous.
Insidiously, iJju hi ghadrin, il^ ^^^
btkol hllat. See Deceitfully.
Insight (inspection), ij^^^ hasirat,Jaj
nazar, J^L/* mubashirat; (skill).
macrt
cri/at, ^
,ilm.
Insignificance, insignificancy, ^^jl^ /^Sa
^adam ma^na\
Insignificant, ^J^li lb hild fayidat, j^
JuL« ghayr mu/ld, ixki^ h hild man-
fa^, ^^^Mt L# ^J^ thy md Id ya^l.
Insignificant talk, ^U«L h fA^ ialdm
hild ta^nU,
Insignificantly, ^^^x^ lb hild $na^\
Insincere, jjL^^^ ghayr iddih, j^
ghayr mukUis. See Sincere.
Insincerely, ^[La>-L hUd hallkat, |jl^
mafdzan* See Deceitfully.
Insinoerity, JLiljusIt /^J^ ^adam assa-
ddkat^ ^IL^Jt mJx, ^adam al ikMdg,
^UjJ^'t |*Jl£ ^adam al hakikat. See
Dissimulation ; aho Sincerity.
Insinuate, v. jLlI ashdr. See Hint,
Suggest. — (to introduce gently), J^ J
dakhkhal, (jmJ das, JLilDj ^J^ dakh-
khal hi latdfaty iJSa^-J dahash. To in-
sinuate oneself (into another's favour),
^\a.curf\ ista^/f ^\ fmJfjSj takarrab
ila\
Insinuation (hint), ij\j^\ ishdrat, 4jL^
kindyat; (into favour), <,j\Sa<s.rfl istie,-
idf^ w«LJl ^Usr^ ^Jj>n"cJ aK kaUkm
. litahsll muhahhat assdmic. A villanous
insinuation, Z^y^^ waswasat.
Insinuating, insinuative, ^J\Vjmi.rf\ is-
ti^idfl. An insinuator, u^oUt^M.. <
musta^if.
Insipid, X4JcL A]t« mdlaho ta^i, S jJ ^U
mdlaho liuat, ^ J dele^. See Taste-
less, Dull.
Insipidity, if jJJI /» J^ ^(k^tim a/ litstat, a«X£
iUxLII ^od^m «/ ia^mah. See Taste-
lessness, Dullness.
Insipidly, ^Ib hild maza^, Iaj^j^^j^
min ghayr ta^me. See Dully.
Insist, V. ^ laj. [jyadaL
Insnare, afju^a^lb LLCm^ mM9J& ^7 mA«-
Insnared, jlk^o^ mustdd. To be in-
snared, iiju..d4ib \' ^■■^'■t immasak hit
masyadaU [Unsociable.
Insociable, ^Ijcj) Id yuia^dshar. See
Insolence, ^ILa sa/dhat, JbwUj wakdhat,
<^j\ ^Jifi ^a(2afft (Mfoi, ^Ut ihdnat.
See Contempt. And he said within himself,
Yeril^r, insolence and calumny occasion (^'^
Btraction, and betray one into perplexity
INS
(748)
INS
i has been said. He who is insolent suffereth
injury, and he who is ignorant repenteth, and
he wno feareth is safe: moderation is one of
the qualities of the noble, and good manners
are the noblest gain, ^1 i^Jj t<^ JU^
u ^^ jj jii cJu,Ji 4
crv
iUoiJu |Juii
■»^ ttT'J (••*' t-'
I (->\Ji\, ^\^t\
Insolent, l^j\ h MlA aib,jM^ muta-
kahhir, J^ wakeh, i^Jui safih.
Insolently, ^U^ Jio hikol safahat, ^J^
IS^ likol wakdhaU
Insolvable, insoluble (not to be solred),
J^l ^^^^^ mumtani^ al Kail; (not to
be explained), ^UJf Jgjcu*^ miMtoAl/
a/ &7ydfi, ^^mJ! i^f^'^^ji^s. ghayr mum"
kin ashsharh. [w»Jcj 2ci yandafi^
Insolvable (impossible to be paid), S
Insolvent, ^^mAa^ mujlu^jmx^ mu^tir*
See Bankrupt. [niptoy.
Insolvency, ^Ibl f]ff<3«. See Bank-
Insomuch, i<>>^ hatti^, ^\ Qyj U-
na«^^ an, j\jAAi\ Ij^ ^'ilasd a/ mikddr.
Inspect, V. Jl*3 JJ (J^^;!^^ noMT hikol
tadklk, U1aj[ J^ix ^mal yoklamdf ]a>-i
IdhoMM See Examine.
Inspection, Joj noMr, ijioj natdrat,
^uSj^ yoklama, ^k>-Ls muldhmtat,
ijJ^\^ muhdsharat. See Superinten-
dence.
Inspector, 8.Jff\j nd%irpjJ^\^ mtd&shir.
See Overseer, Superintendent.
Inspiration, aI^I f7Adm, ^^o^j tc^aAl;
(breathing), ^^^ na/a<« Divine in-
spiration, ^J\jj |*l^f Uhdm rdbhdnl,
ij\ij ,«»-j «?aM rabhdnU
Inspire, r. (draw breath), ^jJcJ ianaf-
/m; (animate by sapemataralinfanon),
j^\ aiham, ^^^ waM ; (to breathe
into), ^ iki/WI.
Inspired, ^»|L« mtinaifi.
Inspirer, «. a^L* fpitf/Am.
Inspirit, i^. {J^j^-^ harrad, ^J**^\ am^atk.
See Animate, Encourage.
Inspissate, uXiirf MmmaJt See Thicken,
Coagulate.
Inspissation, cIC^^hT ^MMlifc.
Instability, j]^^ i*A£ ^ttdam ml imrdr^
o^^Li!! aJls ^aiam tmahdt. See In-
constancy, Fickleness.
Instable, Xi ^U mdXoAo kmrdr, j^
(ju^U ^Atfyr #d^Y, (JLJ^J 4l« iRdi!a^
M&Ai. See Inconstant.
Instal, r. L^.^«a) imm^. To instal in an
office or dignity, ^L^ 2rlket «^<dA
iOMlfat; (invest with a robe of honour),
^lJlc ^J>- khala^ ^alayhi.
Installed, t^f^av^ manM.
Installation, instalment, {^^j..>^a:»J9 smumI,
(a stipulated payment), la^aS kist.
Instance (example), Jl^ mtualf ijy^
tHrat, ij^A ^ikratj f^j ratm^ ias^
nmkhatf ^^^^ iamtU; (proo^ docu-
ment), iZ:\j\ ishdi, JJa duhl, Ji^ji
hurhdn. See Demonstration. — (en-
treaty), IcJcUd^ isiid^, \s^j n^.
_i^ iamannl; (importunity), -W
ilhdh. See Urgency. — For inataiioe,
it^ mMsalan.
Instance, r. (give as an example), ias^
ij^fi^ a^* tamAlf jLt otosmi^ Jj^^
]b^ awrad matalan.
Instant (entreating), i^i^^^s^ mutamanml;
(importunate), J»ij ioHl; (immediate,
pre8ent),yil>» hddir, *^^y mttMJ^
IKS
(749)
nrs
Insbmt, instantaneous (without inter-
val), J\J\ ^filhBl; (qoiok, with-
oat delay), ,J,\^ \i hUd tawdnl, u^y lb
hUd tawakkuf.
Instant, i. (of time), iia^ lahMi, Isf^
Instantly, instantaneoasly, at this in-
stant, JU)\ ^fH Ml, Jrf«J| ^
ala* atia9JH. And instaatljr the youth shook,
and fftooa npon hi» feet, rejoicing in hu libera-
tion, and exclaimed, I testify that there is no
deity but God ! ^jLkzJi\ i
Instead, ^^ ^ad^ ifUld imii&I/<I^,
ijjj hMdaL Instead of which, L4«0 a
^awadmd. [kadam.
Inatep, <• (upper part of the foot), a Jj
Instigate, r. u^J^ harrad, cJ|»»> harrak.
Instigation, \^t i^hwd, ^^ja^ tahrid,
ci.^ ibf , vl<j^ io^Hife. The in-
stigations of the deyil, (jtA^^ wa9wd9,
i^yjj woiwasat.
Instigator, j. (jjjjsf* maharrik, i^yU
fn«^Atrf, fJ^jS^ muharrid.
Instil, JEi9 kaitar. See DistiL— To in-
stil into the mind, Jx> ^Mam. See
Teach, Instruct.
In8tillation,^^j2A7 taktlr^JiiaSs>^\ utiktdr.
See Distillation. — Instillation into the
mind, JtJju ta^lm. See Instruction.
Instinct, <J^^«»- i)Ac ^kl haywdnJ,
^Ja!1 J^ mall attab^, ^y% fni%dj\
^aU. khtdkat.
Instinctive, instinctiTely, (J-iji^ LT^
Jf^l JijJI ^ai0' tarlk al ^M al
^offwdnlf ,<«f^ tab^.
Institute, v. (establish), i^^a) nasah,
Joj nmam. See Constitute. — (to in-
struct), Jx ^lam.
Institute, institution, «. (establishment),
Cj.^ nosh, ^j wad^, ^^j^ ta^ln ;
(precept, maxim, regulation), ifjU
^ddatf (^y^ ibAnfln (pi. y^j^^^^ kawd*
ftln), ^^ tarikat, if JlcU kd^uUU, JLL*
ftmna^, Jtrt^ «a5l/,' (education), X*j^
tarhiffat, c-^jli ^d(ft3, ^^Jju to^/fnt.
Institutor, ^y ^t t^l^ tc^de^t^ 0/ tdnfZn.
See Instructor.
Instruct, V. Jx ^oSam.
Instructor, ». Jjut mtuattm*
Instruction, LjJj tarhiyat, ^^Amj iaJlm,
c^jI; tddih, wa7 ta/hlm. See
Mandate.
InstructiTe, ^^^JliC to^/iml.
Instrument, «• (tool), £JT d/a^ (pi. d^KT
dldt). Warlike instrument, <-^j^ ^T
dlai harh The string of a musical
instrument, cj^ «Aird^. An instru-
ment or written contract, iUli kdbdlat,
dimi ianad, v.* ^- -f" tamoMuk. An
instrument (agent), J^^f(7aj^7/; J^U
cdmt?; (the cause or mean of any-
thing), i^^^^^yt tnnjtb, t^'^f^ sabab,
fcj^-jb bddl, JfiUya^f/.
Instrumental (causing), ^Jxli /d&tTt;
(helpful, aiding), ^j^j^ mu^n, u.ixA«u«
Instrumentality, instrumentalness (the
agency in causing), iAAi fd^iyat,
Instrumentally, ^Uxli f^ bi kUwatin
fd^iyai.
Insufferable, f^AS>s^j^ghayrmuhiainalf
J.^4iar) Id yuhtamal. See Intolerable,
Detestable.
Insufficiency, iAiilS ^Jx ^oiam aikafd^
INT
(750)
INT
yat, iij\yili\ ^Jl£ ^dam al mwoafahit,
Insufficient, ^^ ^^ ghayr idft, jaL
JjlS ghayr kdhtl, ^Jj^j^ yhayr Idyek,
See Inadequate.
Insufficiently, iAi^ h hUd kafdyaL
Insular, fj^ji}j>- josLdyrl.
Insulated, ^\s^ muhdi. See Surrounded.
Insult, a:il2» shatm, \j:j\ ifiird, \j^ala\
Insult, V. jpJ^ shaiam, ^L£ t^J^^ ifiara
Insulter, «. /•u^ thaitdm.
Insultingly, \jii\ Jjj hikol iftird.
Insuperable, insurmountable, ^J^ ^y^ ^
Id ya/ukaho shy. See Invincible.
Insupportable, ^^A^^o^i Id yutahammal.
See Intolerable.
Insure, r. ^y^ aawghar, i\jjS.^ ^}a£,
^atnal stkurtd. See Ensure.
Insurgent, «. ^x^lc ^a«f, ^\j Idghl,
Insurrection, ^uii Jitn<U, See Eebellion,
Sedition.
Integer, integral, ». ^^s^ JAc r^adad
cr
Mklh. See IVhole. [Entire.
Integral, ^f^^^ sahih, ^^\^ kiatniL See
Integrity, ^jo^^ khulus, Ji^ saldh,
i^\£s^\ istikdmat, ^M ktdliyat. See
Sincerity, Honesty, Purity.
Integument, i^ld ghildf. See Cover,
Envelope, Shell, Husk.
Intellect, Ji^ ^kl^ ^ fahm, JLt^
fard$ati CS^jS\ tdrdk, wl? tah^. See
Understanding.
Intellectual, intellective (having the
power of understanding), o^ Ju« iy ^ j
sfl ibzi^tf^ mudrikat; (relating to the
understanding), ^jLLe. ^Mh See
Ideal, Mental.
TntAlliffence (information, news), «i^
khabar, ^llLl tUild^ ; (anderstaiidlng;,
Jif ^akl, *f5 /oAm, il^jtA idrdk.
To give intelligence, ^^ jiAattar.
Intelligencer,^^Isr^ mtfiAa^^w".
Intelligent (knowing), Jile ^aH^ Jl^
^a/im, iJ[;Ui ^dn/, |»^ /oAlm, u-^
labih. See Skilful, Learned, Wise.—
To be intelligent, ^ fehem. To ten-
der intelligent, *|3 c,.'^f»-tg 4L«^ ^•
malaho tdhtbfahm. An intelligent man,
XmjUj v_ ^-^l->» sdhib fardsaU Intelli-
gent men, ^ c^ls^l iuhdh /akm,
ij^^ K^\sf^\ athdh hoHrai, U^ &k*
ra/d, l£& aikald, [munMn alfahm.
Intelligible, M»i yun/ahim, ^\ ^^^Cw^
Intelligibleness, intelligibility, ^liL«t
^ \ imkdn Ml/ahm, ^^A*^ ma^jMiy^,
Intelligibly, J^iit^ ^^ hiwqflkmw^c
kikl, 1*^^ ^y hi wajhin WMfJiMm,
See Clearly, Plainly, Distinctly.
Intemperance, intemperateness, mX^
^ysjss!i\ ^adamalutiddl, SeeExoen.
Intemperate, ^^Six^ j^ ghayr mu^UM,
(JUma3 nifadnJ.
Intemperately, J\ jcl£^ )b hUa i^iddl.
Intend, v. ajC- ^osam, Ju^ kautd. See De-
sign ; also Eegard, Attend to, Enforce.
Intendant, #. ^^^\ amln, i^U )ids«r,
wakil, jy^^ mSimiir, An intendant
general, ^jJia^ JJ^ iMJti/ muilaL
Intense, Jo 4X1^ shadld, ^j^ kau^, j^Jac
^aslm,j3\j iDdfir. An intense loot
^U^\ m^dft. See Yehement.
Intensely, if Jc!i 4^ hikol shidd^ iAi
ghdyat,i^\kjhighdyai. SecExceesiTdj.
Intenseness, HJJL thiddat.
Intension, IlwiJ hasL
INT
(751)
INT
Intenty adj, J^^l^ nuuhghul, JuLt
mukapyad, ^c^L» ad^U See Diligent.
— To be intent, JamJI inBhaghal^
Intent, intention, ^^ ^osm, ifjUl tnl-
datf t}\j^ murdd, XaS kasd, J^oLt
maksUd, Lj niyat, {jo^ ffharad, ^jua
sa^. See Deidgn, Purpose.
Intentional, ^^j^aS kasdl. See Designed.
Intentionally, Ai^ 3« katdin, jLi>-Ij
3« iihtiydrin, \t\As. tamdan.
Intently, ^Jif5>-j^4X5j- <JG hikol jaddin
wqfahdtn. See Diligently.
Intentness, JuAj takayyud, AASJb\ ihti'
mdUf JjLI shaffhl, ^V*^ ^t^* ^^®
Diligence, Intention, Stndy.
Inter, v. ^^i J efo/bn. See Bury.
Intercalary, <Lig^ kabUaL See Em-
bolismal.
Intercede, r. (mediate between two
parties), ^a^uJ tcuhaffa^ kly tawas'
mL An interceder, intercessor, «.«a^
«Aa/t^. See Mediator.
Intercept, v, (stop or seize by the way),
V»-ir iii&a^, v^^^ ^^ ra5a^ attarU;
(prevent), w:^ mana^
Interception, ^Jw« man^^ haj%.
Intercepted, c^kLt maktu^, J^Jum.^
ntasdad, ^y^^^ m0mnfl^.
Intercession, ia..jy tawassat, Zf iLl «A^
fdcat, Ip-j ro/S. See Mediation, De-
precation.— To beg the intercession (of
another), g^Bm%i>«il istashfa^ To admit
the intercession of one for another,
^LcUJ* JmS kehel sha/d^at
Interchain, v.jisfTj tanjar. See Chain.
Interchange, XJjL^ mutddaHat^ Lai^Jt^
mucdwadatm See Change, Exchange,
Commerce.
Interchange, v. Job ^dio/. See Change,
Exchange.
Interchangeable (capable of being inter-
changed), JjuJ^ ^^jJ^^A^ mumkin al
badal, iLljL*!! ^^ Idytkalmuhddalatj
l^jiMi^ ^2;C«Mt mumkin al mu^toadat,
f^j^\fjj^ kdhtlaiiah^l, SeeChange-
able. Unchangeable.
Interchangeably, dJ jL^lb hil mvhddalat.
Interchanged, JjL^ muhddal, fjoyt^
mu^wwad. See Changed, Exchanged,
Intercoarse, ^Uff.*^ sukbat, iSLc ^aldkat,
il/t\jL^ mu^dmalat^l^^^ L^^ mtudhabat,
\9h^\ ikhtildi, C^l/^l uhtirdk. See
Communication, Commerce.— To carry
on an amicable intercourse, ^^.^i.^i
JlL«Ia4]1 ahsan at mu^dmalat.
Intercurrent, )a^ji^ midawasaiL
Interdict, r. wi/« numa^, aj^ haram^
_^ naha\ See Forbid, Prohibit.
Interdict, interdiction, «• ^:^ man^,
j-^ nflAl, Mijs^tahf^m, f\;^^ thrdm*
See Prohibition.
Interdicted, ^^j^^ mahmm, 9 ^2^-4^
mamnU^, (^]j»- hardm.
Interdictory, ^^ mdni^ i^^^^ mantl.
Interest, v. (to render necessary or
important), Aji^ >f« <0l«^ ^amalaho
tnuhim toa Idzim, See Concern. — (to
give a participation), X.^^- a] J,<4X
^amal laho hissat; (to affect, move the
passions), ^^^i^^- hannan, l^^^j ro^A-
^^3, ^aamJI ^ ^y^ harrak fiki
ashshafakat To interest oneself (in
anything), J J^^JJ taddkhal /I,
Interest (advantage), idAifdyidat, ^&}
fui/^^, <>».>i(i>X># makaah. See Gain.
INT
(752)
IKT
Profit, Good.— (participation), d/J/^^
uhtirdk, iiaj>- husai. See Share.—
(concern), <lile ^aldkat, {jOjC gharoA.
Interest of money, \}j rihd, ^j rabh
and ribh. Unlawfnl interest, c-^*i»C>^
A\j^-mahdb hardm. See Usury. —
To lend npon interest, if JjUIU ^^J
dayyan hUfdyidat,
Interested (concerned, participating),
^^SijJ^ Bharik\ (moved), c-^^kj^
mudtarih ; (self-interested), u^j-^
muyhrid, ^^ c-^-^^ltf ^dhib gharad.
Interfere, v. (dash with), ^j<a ^drad,
M^\j tdham, ^U mdna^, LiJJU-
khdlaf. See Oppose. Also to Inter-
meddle, Interpose. [j^^ wasat
Interfluent (flowing between), k.»^ t/;^•
Interfused (poured between), L^if^m^
kirfj maskah wasat \wai8fU,
Inteijacency (lying between), L-y to-
Inteijacent, \i^j^ mutawassit, 9^y
^^\ J mawdn^/tl wasaL See In-
tervening.
Inteijection, #. ^j>' ^^f' ^^ inter-
jection of calling, ^ JJ i^j^ harfnidd.
Interim, ^^;-^ hln, is^ muddat, ^
{j:^^\\:i\fl asnd dwaU,x^\ iJJb ,S
fi ha%eh al muddat. See Meantime.
Interior, ^b hdtin. Interior and ex-
terior, JbUjj j^b hdtin wa zdhir. The
interior part of anything, ^Jiff\) hdtin,
f^\o ddkkiL [mingle.
Interlace, i;. CXL^ ahdbhak. See Inter-
Interlard (mix meat with lard), ^^^
jiy^ (>^^ wada^shahm khans^lr, Jal^*
hhalat. See Intermix, Interpose,
Diversify.
Interiine, r. j^lxJ^ ^^
wMsa^ wakafah hln assutHr.
>j J--J
Interlocution, L^\L^ nwk&lamat, JSJ
iakMum. See Dialogue. — ^An Inter-
locutor, aI^cl^ muiakaUim.
Interlocutory, ,^^ takaUuml.
Interlude, «. l^ U^. See Play.
Interlunar, jJ^\ J^ i^y^:^ mMtih
ItkuliU al kmnar.
Intermeddle, v. J^\jj taddkM. An
intenneddler, busybody, ^^fitd^,
XJill^^ katdr alghalabat.
Intermediacy, ^^^-J iaw J tawasstii bmfn.
See Interposition, Intervention.
Intermedial, intermediate, )a0^j^ wnUa-
wassit.
Intermediately, la-yS\ ^ fll wohA.
Interment, ^j^iJ dafn. See Burial.
Intermingle, v. intermix, la)^ khaUi.
See Mix, Mingle, Incorporate.
Intermission, ^^^^ khtdiia, t^Myt is-
wakkuf. See Cessation, Pause. — The
intermission of the pulse, i^ fatrsL
Without intermission, c^yli Wa
tawakkaf, jUjb\ L hUd ihmdl, ^^f^
mutawdll, JLw)l\ ^ ^ate' a^ •«««/,
J\cll 1& ^ala* attawdU.
Intermit, r. uiSy tawakkaf, ^}AJb^ akmal,
jijfatar, ^JaAj\ mibto^.
Intermitting, intermittent, intermissivp,
^^ j.lj^ T ^Q'-^ ij\j tdratan yankati^
wa tdratan yathar. An intermittiBg
fever, ^j^^ l^*"^" humma^ dawriyoL
M
Intermix, v. loU- iiki/ai. See Inter-
mingle.
Internal, .J^\} hdtin. See Interior; ^
Intrinsic, Heal.
Internally, \:^\)hdtinan, t:>
Internuncio, jJt^ , g^\ slehJ
saflr (pU ]^ su/ard).
INT
(753)
INT
[nterpose, v. la^^b wij wada^ hilwasat;
(mediate between parties), U^i ]a»^y
^^ tawauat Jiyamd hin. See In-
terrupt.
[nterpoaition, interposal, l^aJ^^ wdsttat,
Ix^y tawasmt. See Mediationi Inter-
Tention.
[nterpreti v. ^y tarjam, ^Ju iharah.
See Translate^ Explain, Decipher, Ex-
pound.
[nterpretable, ^U^ jjl ^jL*^ mumkin
attarjamatf ^ry^irJi ^«^L«b^ mumkin at-
iafslr.
Interpreted, ^j^ mutarfam, ^^/^
mashrHh. See Explained.
Interpretation, ^^^^i tarfamat, j^^
ta^lr, ^jL BJiorhf ^Li hay an, (J^^lj^
tdwll, j^smSu tafnr. See Explanation,
Translation. — The interpretation of
dreams, c;1«1;jJ1^;mmAj taftlr al ma-
natndt A book teaching the inter-
pretation of dreams, ..jMi.qJ c^Lx^
4JL^\^\uA^\ kitdh tafilr al mandmdL
nterpreter, t. mP^j^^ mutarjim, ^J^^Ji
tarfamdn, j^^Jl^ mufasiir. An inter-
preter of dreams, d^Uli^l^Mii^ mu-
fasBir al mandmdt. An interpreter of
the Mahometan law, ^As^ mufti,
aterregnum, interreign, «. ij:J fatraL
iterrogate, i^. JLi sdlfj**jQ^\ utafoar,
M^so,^\ uta/ham,j^>ss:La\ utakhhar, saJu
ta/akkad. See Examine, Ask, In-
quire, Question.
iterrogated, J^m^ moiiil. An inter-
rogation^ interrogatory, \*uXi^\ istif-
idr, /^\^sc^\ iiiiflUim, a\^xlJ liaii
la/zat fsti/kdm, J|^ HLdL A nega-
tive interrogation, ^^^ICl /^\^ic^\ iiiif-
ham inkdri.
Interrogative, interrogatory, ^^l|iLj^
uti/hdmU An interrogatory pronoun,
l^l^AXydl cJ^ har/uti/Mm,
Interrogatively, L^l f fl,:'>->«il utifhdman,
^LsruJl (JiJ^. hiiarik al Utikhldr,
Interrogator, «. J^L> «(3'f/, Afftiu^ m««-
tafhim, jJ^M*^ mwtakhhr.
Interrupt, i;. (the speech of another),
jJi\ /n^ ^bj kata^ kaldm al ghayr.
To interrupt (business), Jam*!\ «Ja3
kata^ ashshughl. See Break off, Divide,
Separate, Intermit.
Interrupted, cjisLtmaktu^. See Broken.
Interruptedly, cILajIj hinkttd^.
Interrupter, i. A^\ ^li kdti^al kaldm,
^Ij/t mtadhim, ^^JdC^/^ muta^drid.
Interruption (of speech), jJi^\ cILaJI
inkiid^ al kaldm ; (in business), ^yu
ta^rrud. See Breach, Hindrance,
Opposition, Obstruction. [annasf.
Intersect, v. i^jLaJI ^ wki kata^ min
Intersected, t— b^^-JI ^ l^"^^ maktu^
mtn annasf.
Intersection, «. vJ^Ujf takdtu^
Intersperse, v. LLw. khallat.
Interspersed, t^Ls^ makMuL
Interspersion, Dlc^ i&Ao/^.
Intertwine, i^. ^Ai dafar. [Entwined.
Intertwined,^i^iJ^ mai^/lSr. See Twisted,
Interval, Ul asnd, ijLu/« mcudfat (pi.
CL^IjLaii.^ miMo/a^), ^^ ^ay». See
Space, Distance, Division. [pose.
Intervene, v, \s^p tawassat. See Inter-
Intervenient (placed or passing between),
^ U md hayn.
Intervention, hLy tawaaut, . See Me-
diation, Intercession, Agency.— (acci*
dent), huS^ wdki^L
48
INT
(754)
INT
Interview, «. SUIU mtdahat, dl^\^ wtf-
wasahty UJ^ iltikdy ^-1? taldkl. See
Meeting. 0 thou whose heart is in love with
onr beauty, have patience in thy love, and
perhaps thou wilt obtain us. When we knew
that thy affection was sincere, and the passion
that had prevailed in our heart had afflicted
thine, we would have granted thee a double
interview; but the interview was prevented
by our chamberlains, ^uii ^y ^ 4
*lijLK**". And she was enraptured
with him, and was affected by violent love;
so she said to the old woman, 1 know not how
to obtain an interview with this young man
but through thy means, L^-lx c-Jxi
hayyakfjLp dafar.
iiU.
Interweave, v.
See Intertwine.
Intestate (dying without a will), ^ ^
l^S l3j^ mm ghayr toarakat %umat, U
i^, Jas> ma ^mal wwiyaU
Intestinal (belonging to the guts), ^^f^
ma^i»
Intestine, s. ^j^ ma^a\ \m ma^. The
intestines, ^^jiaymasdrln, U^\ am^d.
Intestine (domestic, not foreign), ^J^^*^
M
ddkhin. Intestine war, ,^^b <-^
harh ddkhUl. [Enslave, Shackle.
Inthrall, enthrall, SmJ ista^ad. See
Inthralment, jUjc-*^ isti^dd. .
Intimacy, ij>-L»/t muBdhahat, iuJ^^
muwdnoiat, )ffLs^^^ tkhtUdt, ikb;.
khultat. See Familiarity.
Intimate, v.^^o-Uvi mwdhib, ^\y
muwdnis, \j^y muwannu^
mutaalif. See Familiar,
Intimate, v^\£jL ^J^ ^arrafaho «Aar^.
See Mention, Hint, Inform.
Intimation, ij^\ uMrat, iU^ i«i«fijf*«-
See Hint, Information.
Intimidate, i^. uJ^sS- khawwaf. See
Frighten, Terrify.
I^to, ^ /f . See In.
Intolerable, S^J ^ yuiahammd.j^
Intolerably, J^^^t^ W#mwcW fa"
yutahammal, Jas^ ^sry. ^ ^J^
Id yuhtamal.
Intolerant, jlsl«^^^tfyrmi«f«A<Mwt7.
Intoxicate, ». ^C-: tdkar.
Intoxicated, ^J^ iakrdn. See BnmL
To be intoxicated,^^ w^.
Intoxicating,^/Luy^ wu#*»r, Whkeomj
liquor which intoxicates,^^Cuy^ mutbr.
Intoxication,^- «ttJtr. See Drankennese.
To return to one's senses after intoxi-
cation, ^XJ\ ^J^ ^jsr^ Mh^ »»w» «»«^
Intrench, v. (fortify with a trench), J^
tttijjc^ carnal matdrU. See Trendi,
Invade, Encroach.
Intrenchment, «. (^^^ matdrU.
Intrepid,^^*u5j-><Mur, tl^Uyo/il. S«
Brave, Bold, Courageous.
Intrepidity, jjiiaJ hatsh, ijlms>rJ^»^^
See Courage, Bravery.
Intrepidly, ijUurj- JCj btkolja$SrgL See
Courageously.
Intricacy, intricateness, ialfiw M«ft, J->
AAaH Jlb^^ •H^Oa^ J.-£«7 UM
See Perplexity, Confusion, Difficuhr-
Intricate, jam mu^akkad, Ui*r-» .i*:^
taliif Jixi^ muta^asiir. See Diifec^
Intrinsic (real, internal), X2»- A«^
INV
(755)
IlfV
Intrinsical, ij,\j tdti, ^X^\ Oilii
Intrinsically, d^l JiU biudt, il\Ji\) hil
asdlat, iAM^\ ^ fil haklhU.
Introdaoe, v, (to a place), J^ j\ adkhal,
Introdacedy J^X« tnudakhkhal. An in-
trodncer, J^iV« mudakhkhH,
Introduction, (JU>^j\ ulkhdl, J^t3 du"
khal; (to a l)ook), i>- Ij J dlhdjat, Jbirli
fatihah, [mtii ghayr ijdtat.
Intrude, v. ij\p^\y^ ^^ ^J^^J dakkal
Intrust, entrust, v. c J^ wadac, ^Jislc^
£L«f a^ata amdnat.
Intuition, ^J^^^ ij ^ v J Xi^ ma^fat
binazrat al awla\ /%l^l ilkdm.
Intuitive, ^^^\ ^J^, ^ iu»rtf^ ai atffla\
Intnitif ely, J^)l ija:i\ ^ min amruarat
al avoid!.
Invade, v, ^s^ hajcm. See Attack, In-
fest, Assault. — To invade a country,
J>a J^t ^Juu ta^adda' al hudad.
Invalid (of no force or advantage), 4] L«
i3 md laho kuwat, ^tJ^cli ^t« md laho
/a^iyaty J^b Idtil, Jllu hattdl;
(weak, sick), ^LnJJ da^f, ^joij^
marid. An invalid, J^!^«^ ma^uL
fn validate, v. jL; 3a/to/, ^**** fasahh.
See Weaken.
fn validity, ify aAa ^a(^i9t kuwat ^ ^«Xc
5ju[U ^adam fdyidatf i^ faskh^ ^;)llaj
hutldn.
rnvaluable, X^^j a!1« tndlaho kimat,
n variable, y-is^^ ^Aayr mutaghayyer.
See Constant. [See Constancy.
n variableness, j^«7 >» Jic ^a^^ofn taghayyur,
TL'^ariMjf jJu ji^ ^J^ min ghayr te-
ffhayyur. See Constantly.
Invasion, 21^^ hamlatt (^y^ hu^'Um.
A nocturnal invasicHi, ^lu^ ^M.
Invective, «« <U»a aabhe^ aS^ aAa/m. See
Censure. [Abuse, Censure,
Inveigh, v. ^^.^u) sab^ ^^ thatam. See
Inveigber^ «. ^l^ shdtim.
Inveigle, r. v/^' aghawa\ ji gharr.
See Allure, Entice, Seduce.
Invent, v. (find out), 9/^^ ikhtara-^
k^^SrJ\ ahdaa, & Jj\ abda^ See Dis-
cover, Forge, Falsify.
Invented,. 9^^^ mukhtara^.
Invention, Cjf«X>.\ ihddt, Asfr\ Ijdd,
^/^\ ikhtird^, c^jjI ibdd^. See
Fiction, Foigery, Discovery.
Inventive, ^<^«V bt^^l, ^Ju^ mubdt^.
Inventor, «. & Ju^ m«5Jt^, c y^^^ mu^A-
fari^, (.±.9 J^sr* muhdu, ^ Jcu^ mubtadi^
See Forger.
Inventory, «. i^jlS kdymat. See List.
Inverse, inverted, ^^m-CaJw* mttncaibif,
(jM^jL^ ma^kUi, i,, »l S; ^ munkalib,
k,, Ji*^ mutakaUab, l^^jL^ maklilb.
See Contrary. — To be inverted, jj*Jju1
incakaSf f^Akj\ inkalab.
Inversion, ^jyJlc ca^, ^^Uoul tn^ikds,
K^\jStr\ inhirdf, c^lfljl inkUdb,
Invert, ir. i„JS i^oM.
Inverted, c^^liU maJdub. See Inverse.
Invertedly, inversely, ^j-XJb bil^aks.
Inverting, jMir^. i^li j^/tj^.
Invest, t;. (in an office), ^^^^^ $amma\
To invest with possession, uJ;^_kc\
aM tasarruf, ,^ taanah. See Give,
Qrant. — To invest with a robe of hon-
our, Jl£ ^IfiL khala^ ^ala\ dxirv. 2rlkc\
5^ Li a^^sA khal^ah fdkhirah. See
Dress, Adorn, Decorate. — To invest
mY
(756)
INU
(snrronnd), \»\>-\ ahat, ^W hStar.
See Besiege, Smround.
InTeetigable, ^/o^^ yunfdhu.
Investigate, v. lL^^ hahas, ^Jicj/aHoik,
- ** * •
i)\ ibtahoi. See ExamineyEnquire,
Search. And he said. Draw near to him and
investifate his case ; perhaps he will discoTer
it, and perhaps thou wilt learn his history,
•• XT
Investigation, ^y^rJj taftuhf
ta/ahhus, ^[^\ ifUh&i. See Exami-
nation, Inqoiry, Search.
Investiture (in office), u, ^.jinvT tanM,
JuLrJ iakhd; (in posseseian), tm^j^oj
iasarruf; (with robes of honour), ^Uls^
Investment See Dress, Garment; Gax]go.
Inveteracy (oldness), i^^^ssxit shayihtL-
kkat; (obstinacy), j\j^\ iirdr, jlie
^ndd.
Inveterate (old), a^Jj ibJim; (obstinate),
Juxc ^anid, j^^ nuuir.
Invidious, Jy^^ ku&d, ^/aiu^ nmbghid.
See Envions, Maligoant, Hateful.
Ividiously, i^Sc^yL hikol ^addwat, JG
Judyjv- ^tfo/ AmaI. [Malignity.
Invidiousness, AM>fw ^laai^. See Envy,
Invigorate, r. 4/^ Jmw%m\ See
Strengthen, Animate.
Invigorating, in^'. \J^ mukawwh
Invigoration, ^^ takwiyai.
Inyincible, l^^jl^j^ ghayr mttghl^h.
Inviolable, i^iAiJI ^sj^^ mumtanU an-
nakd, ;^\ J^^oL^ nmtiahU al/askh.
Inviolably, ^^^ f^ ^ min ghayr %akd.
Inviolate, ^jaxx\^j^ ghayr muntakid.
Invisibility, t-, ^,»ii\ al ghayh.
Invisible, c-^U ghayib, ^^^/s^ ««W-
ia/l. The invisible world (the wM
to oome), Cy ^»ff\\ JU ^dlam al gkfh.
To be or become invisible, <--^^ f^^
Invisible things, ^JL^J\ii^ dL gha^^
Invisibly, \^{c gkdyhan.
Invitation, i^fiJ d^^wat, \£*ys^\ MiU,
v^Jit talab. An invitation to so es-
tertainment, A^jjc ^osIjvmU.
Invite, «. (ask to any place), ^Je, ^fim.
See Ask, Call, Bid.^-To invite to nup-
tials, f^ff^ a)c> ^axam JH^in. To in-
vite to an entertainment, ^Jc^ ^ofls-
To invite to sapper, \m.n\\ ^Jc cM
in ^hd.
Inviter, ^\*i ^f}f (^j^ ^dsim.
Inviting, adj\ l^j\s^ jdub.
Invitingly, ^ jls*- ^J^ htkol jduhiifit.
Inundation, J^ sayL See Deluge, Y\ool^
Invocation, Uj da^d, if^cJ dat.vs',
i\pr\^ nmndjdt.
Invoice, Sj^\ifdUiira (Italian).
Invoke, v. (^\k:m»\ uiaghdi, leJ JaJ
To invoke the name of Qod when be-
ginning anything, ^\ ^^ l<^^^ "**
ma' hism allah. See Call, Implore.
Involve, V. (inwrap, intwist), Vi^ ^^
laj^ kharbat, cJ^ kharda^. ^
Complicate, Blend, Entangle, Confux
— (to imply, comprise), ,J^J-^
iihtamal t.ala\
Involved, t^^iL* malfvLf, i— fcj^ wtnlt '■
See Confused, Dark, Obscure.
Involuntary, JudSL hild kasd,j\^'^
Hid ikhtiydr. iMd iU/9^
Involuntarily, Uj^ htld ridd^j\^'^
Involution, ki^^ khalL
Inutility, if Jjli ^J^ ^adamfiyidd.
t«
IBB
(757)
IBB
Invulnerable, rj^^
mumiani
t
aljarh, ^^/-scu j Id yunjarih.
Inward, ^\i latin. See Interior, In-
timate.— ^Inward, inwards, inwardly,
Jr^b ddkhU.
Inweave, v. See Interweave.
Inwrap, enwrap, v. i^^ laf. See In-
volve, Wrap, [twine, "Wreathe.
Inwreathe, enwreathe, v. See Inter-
Irascible, (--Jyii gihadahf ^^^V*^ ghad-
hdn. See Angry.
Iron, JjJk>- hadid. Hard iron. See
Steel. — An iron mine, iron ore, ^^Xju*
Jj Jk>> ma^dan hadfd.
Iron (made of iron), i^^*^^^ hadidl.
Besembling iron (iron-coloured), Ji.^
Jo J^'! misl al hadld [kawa\
Iron, V, (smooth with an iron), i^if
Ironmonger or smith, «. j\jk>> hadddd
Ironical, ^^^i^ tahakkuml. {kum.
Ironically, J^^ ^y hi u>c^ al tahak-
Irony, S^ iahakkum, \jf>^\ iaiikUt.
[rradiance, irradiancy, inadiation,^yJ
tanwlr, &U^ sha^d^. See Badianee,
Bay, Illumination,
[rradiate, 9. ^...■^1 sAa^aha^
[rrational, ^jtU -^ ghayrndtik, u:.^^l^
$dmii, Ja£ L ^t7d ^d^/. See Absurd.
An irrational animal, ^U^^ uW^
haywdn ghayr ndtik,
[rrationality, ^UaI^UII aJ^ ^oi^m alndti^
kiyatf JakII /•Afr ^mI(II» dl ^U.
[rrationally, ^^aAj^ ^ mm ghayr ^Jd.
[rreclaimable, u^J^f ^^j^^j^ ghayr
mumkin attahzih, J*^^ Id yutMollah,
I jUI w;5^>< mumtani^ atiddib.
See Desperate, Hopeless,
[rreconoileable (implacable), f^^acj'i Id
yuiasdlah ; (inconsistent), (jJi
ghayr Idyek, fji\yji^ ghayr muwdjlk.
Irrecoverable, J.^a:cui Id ytftahassal,
^ ^Ic) Id ^%ldj laho. See Irreme-
diable, Irreparable.
Irreducible l^i^Mj^ ghayr nHtghluh,
See Invincible.
Irrefragable, irrefutable, JUj Lt <b Lt
md hihi md yttkdl, ^/oiji H Id ytir/ad,
sj^^j^ji^ ghayr marfdd.
Irregular, c^^y )L hild tartlh, i^nt^^
^J^Ull khildf al kd^idat, ^UaJt ^Jlc
^adhn dl nwdm^ ij;^^^ ^^^ kdnm/n,
fjy\jj^ ghayr kdnuni, i^UiJ h hild
niidm.
Irregularity, ifjLcUill ^Jx> ^adam al kd-
^idat, i^y ^^ /»«3^ ^adam al kdnikn.
Irregularly, aUoJ L hild nisuimj s^^jIj
hild tartlh. [tasih %la\
Irrelative, ^\ i^^mW^j^ ghayr tnuti'
Irreligion, ^Ji)^ /•tXe ^adam addln,ji^
kufr.
Irreligious, ^4>L hUd dhi, ji^ kdjlr,
^L^ mundjik. See Impious.
Irreligiously, J^AJ\ ij ^jJJ^ ^^ fnin
ghayr din wa Id imdn.
Irremediable, ^-p.le!l Id ^djlaho, <lSU
IjJ mdlaho dated, ^J^^*^ 1 Id yuta*
ddwa\ See Incurable. [muddwdh.
Irremediably, ii\^\tX^j^ ^ min ghayr
Irremissible, yji\ ^z^A^t mumtani^ al
^afA,JJu i Id yugh/ar.
Irremovable, {ifj^yj S Id yutdharrak,
Jfj J Id yunhoB,
Irreparable, /^^ i Id yutasallah, ^^3
^e^!^ 1 lumh Id yunmaha\ See Irre-
coverable. \jhufrdn.
Irreparably, ^^J^ja^ ^ ^*^ ghayr
IKR
(758)
ISL
Irrepreh^nsible, irreproachable, ^ulc t«
md ^alihi ^atah, Jhi Id ytddm,
J J idU mdlaho lanh. See Blameless.
Irreprehensibly, irreproachably, -*c ^^
^Lt mtn ^Aayr muZdma^. See Inno-
cently.
Irreprehensible, c^^clc ^lLs U ma ^oZfAi
^a^05, ^-'l«£ ^ Id yu^dh, [taidwam.
Irresistibility, /«jUi7 ) ^y iblt(7<i^ /S ta-
Irresistible, (^^\^^ Id ytUakdwam.
Irresistibly, i^yLii\ ^;5^^ c yj Unaw^
mumtani^ dl mukdwamat,
Irresoluble, i,^.^ <Ui flhi hirat, y*as^
yuhayyir. See Indissoluble.
Irresolute, 2r^l ^J^-^cu mutahayyirfl
amrihi, ^j^ hayrdn, jA^^ kdyir,
h^y^ Cj^Jis^ mutakaUih arrdy.
Irresolutely, if.-^ Jjj 5t%o/ Afra^, Jij
J J^ ^t^/ taraddud.
Irresolution, JJ^ taraddud, ij^^ hlrat,
i^\jj\ triiydb. See Doubt.
Irretrievable. See Irrecoverable.
Irreverence, (^\^^ (^*^ ^damthtirdm,
40 le^ ^<Xc ^adam ra^yat, f^j\ ^
killat adah, a\^\ ^<Xc ^adam ikrdm.
Irreverent, c-^jl lb &ii^ adah, \rdm.
Irreverently, f^j:^ ^lISj hi killat ihti-
Irreversible, ^icll yuiZj^^ mumtamc, al
taghayyur, j^^cj ) to yutaghayyar.
Irreversibly, ^^ L hdd taghayyur.
Irrevocable, jJdS ^c^^^ mutntani^ al
taghayyur, ^r\ri ^ ^^ yutardja^.
Irrevocably, ^^ ^ hUd taghayyur, ^
^<Ms^\j^j^ min ghayr murdja^at.
Irrigate, v. ^J\ ,<£-* 9aka* al ard.
Irrigation, ^J\ ^Jus sakl al ard. See
Watering. i
Irritable, adj\
iii\
sari:, k/
ghadah, ^U^^ oW hdd ul nuudj. And
she said to him, 0 my son, thou bsst (am-
mitted a great error in mentionuig the Qikc
Joharah before the son of thy sister ; for th^
knowest that the King EsKinendel is ^m
irritable and conceited, oyerbearing, of iitd*
sense, of great riolenoe, and niggardly of bs
danghter towards tihose who demand her b
marriage, L^Uaf^tjkA! v^«3Jjb di uJJ.
J.^^ if^kJ\ JjJlI jAffl\ c):ii J^
Irritate, f^. c>^f^ aghdab.
Irritated, ^^^Li^ ghadbdn. See Exs^-
perate. Provoke, Fret.
Irritation, ^jcija^ tahrid, (j^^ toi-
iriM. See Provocation, StimiiktioiL
— (anger), ^^^nr ghadab.
Irruptioni a^^ hujiim,
See Incursion. — (forcing an entnmoe .
J^ J dukhal. To make an irrnpticL
^s^ hajam.
Is (third pen. sing, of to he), Jt li
Verily we fear him. Fear ye not» said he. i^
he is withheld from injuring yon and othusi^
the state in which he is, lix^ i..^laC ^
Ischury, J^^^;^mȣ ^twr oZ ^tr/, ^^^^
J^l ihtihda al bawl. See Retentk:
of urine.
Isinglass, \j£. ghird.
Island, isle, », ijjp^ jazfrai (pi. />
/scayir^. The island had mored, and descA
to the bottom of the sea, with all that «. *
npon it ; and the roaring sea, agitated «f-
waves, closed over it, Cj\l kz^ ^ jus
IVY
(759)
JA.K
Issue (egress), — ^j^ hhuriij,jj'i>^ tudir;
(termination), LiU ^dkAat, iA^ na-
hayat. See Conclusion. — (event), <U^j
wakt^, ^2^ natljat. See Conse-
qaence. — (progeny), jS^l awlad, J-uJ
nasly JT ady J^\ mL See Family,
Of&pring.
Issue, V. (as water from a fountain), ^J
«a&i^, ^jP^jara'. To issue or sally
forth, ^^ kharaj. To issue out
money, ^j>- kharqf, ^jij nafak. To
issue out a decree, ax^-jJu^ i a»dar
hukm.
Issueless (without o£Espring), ji^\ h Uld
awlddf JLiU^U m&laho ^kihaU
Isthmus, «. (neck of land), Jsij\ Jpx
^nk ard, Jij:^, ^, ^} ^^ ^«5»
ard, hayn hahrln.
It, yb hu.
Itch, #. (^j^-jarab, ^iJ\ 'b Ai'ii/ Aa*-
i8wA. See Scab.— An itch (longing),
^^yb hawas, \yb hawd, i^^ thdhwat.
See Desire.
Itchy, J^.y>- jarlan, iL^\ Mj i^ flh
da^ul hakkah.
Item, \^\aydanyCJ^iika%al%k.^9»A\ao.
Iterate,».jJ^^flrrflr,jU^a<i. SeeBepeat
Iteration,^^ teMr, jj^ tikrdr, ifjlcl
i^daL See Eepetition.
Itinerant, itinerary, <*C^ «aytfA. See
Wandering, Unsettled. — An itinerary
(book of travels),^;i-j w-?li^ kitab sa/ar.
Itself, y^Atl. The thing itself,^.^^\ j^^
na/s al amr.
Ivory, J-f^\ ^^ «m a/ /I/, ^U ^aj;
(made of ivory), y*^*'^ i^i^i (lite
ivory), pW\ Jl^ mM al ^aj\
T^^Jf ^^^>***^^ J;^ J^l ^ tnas&kln.
J.
J is uniformly expressed by <^, as in
{jMjp^ jaras, a bell.'
Jabber, v. jjU lb JiJ takaOam hild
macna\ See Chatter.
Jabberer, ». CSis' ^aUdk, jla^ %'a^.
Jacent, J****^ mtfn«a^t%. See Lying,
Supine.
Jacinth, CLJyb yaiai. They proceeded
to address him with soft words, and to console
him, and after that they conducted him intu
the bath, and when he came forth from the
hath, he pnt on a ma^ficent suit woven
of gold, adorned with jewels and jacinths,
»^j\ CL^J Juuj 9^^ nyioi ^\ fi
Jack-pudding, 8. JjJ-i-J baMul (used in
Beimi), SjS^**^ fnoikhara. SeeBuffoon.
Jackal, 8. JUj^ jakdl, t^^\^ wawl.
Jackanapes, ^\sm^ 8a^n, ^Kp^-jahal,
mm
^j wikih. See Coxcomb, Ape.
Jackdaw, ^\^ ghirdh.
Jacket, 8. ^\^^ miUiydn.
Jacob's staff. See Astrolabe.
Jade, 8. (sorry horse), Jtlc j^v^*^** hi8dn
cdtil ; (a mean sorry woman), JioyjJ^
8harmutd. See Bunter, Whore.
Jade, V. iiij! lawwiuh, i^^nj\ at^. See
Fatigue, Harass, Tire; Degrade;
Tyrannize. — (to grow fatigued, to lose
spirit), C-.OW U^. [Dejected.
Jaded, ^^L-jw ta^&n. See Fatigued,
Jag, V, (make like teeth), <Ul^ J J-«x
^mdl danddna.
Jail, «. ii«Mh>. haha8.
Jakes, A3ldErj\ adabkhdne.
JEB
(760)
JIX
Jalap, Uls^ jdUba, [a/ hdh.
Jamb, 9, (post of a door), c^-^Llt (J^^ rijl
Jangle, v, |^£jliji fandsa^u. See Dispute,
Quarrel, Wrangle. — (to make a dis-
cordant sound), \^\^ ta^ayaiH.
January, jS^-V^ ^yl^ kdnun al akhar,
iJUl ^y\^ kdnUn attdnl.
Jar, i. (vessel), gjs^ jarrah; (discord),
uJHr-<-l ikhtildf. See Dissension, De-
bate.
Jargon, IsIlc ghaht, ^^ Mm,
Jasmine, ^^j^j^^\i ydtmln^ ^J^j zafd^ak.
Jasper, J^i yaahm.
Javelin, «. <0 ,». harhaL
Jaundice, ^J^jl yarakdn.
Jaunt, V, (wander about), jt J ddr^ aU*
h&m. See Wander, Bamble.
Jauntiness. See Oenteelness.
Jaw, ». d^ fahf f^J^ hanak. The
upper jaw, ^Xci\ CSiW alfak al a^\
The lower jaw,. Ji^iiil CSa^S al fak
(U arfai.
Jaw-bone, a. djtiit* m&daghat. The two
jaw-bones, cJUlil\ al afkdk,
Jajf ^2;-*JI S^l/^ ghirdh al hayn. See
Magpie.
Jealous, j^ yhayynr, ^'j-fi yhayrdn.
See Emulous, Suspicious. — To be
jealous, ^li yA^r.
Jealously, ij^ Jij hikol ghtrat.
Jealousy, jealousness, ij^ ghlrat.
Jehovah, yJb\j ydhn, l^J^ ^^ oUah
ta^dlt^. See Gh>d.
Jellied, a4^U« mMit/amtii. See Congealed.
Jelly, Jukjcl^ munjamid; (of meats),
Jennet,*. ^^LmiI ^Ua»- Atlfan MpdnfoA.
Jessamine. See Jasmine.
Jericho (city), \agrj\ arihd.
Jerusalem, (jm Ja«!1 c:>^> hayt al imUk.
(jMiAflll o/ibM^f, (^yuJl (jiMJiSt c2Uf
M^Anrff, /»J^^^ awraaklim. An in-
habitant of Jerasalem,^««AL« suUiri,
Jest, «. Ijf^t ittihsd, Jyb had (pl.d^U^
^^f^d^), ^j^ tak^j\
Jest, 9. v^Jf^t utahsM*. She then said
to bim, The Lady Dun]^*, when she read tbr
letter, was enraged ; but I coaxed her cc
jested with her until I made her langb, ani
she was moved with pity for thee, and retoxwi
thee an answer, if Ju.iJ\ ^ ^ (^iJU «.'
Jester, «. 09^ j^ muharrij.
Jesting, «. -.lu matah. Soe Merrimeit
' — Without jesting, jesting apart, ^jl>
uJ^ Jo: ^y^\ khain al mtadh aU
taraf.
Jet (fossil), ^^yjS^ hajar inftao'. A
jet or jet d'eau, ij\^ fawwdrtL
Jew, «. i^<^^, yahadi, Jews, i>^ ydltti
Jewel, B, ^j^^ jawhara. See Gem.—
My jewel ! (my dear ! my soul !) ^^•;\
yd rawhl, _Ji U yd kalbl, ^^^ ^ ^^
^ayni. He then arose, and took wiik
him two leathern bags AiU of jewels ssa
jacinths, and oblong emeralds, and precksk*
minerals of all kinds of precious stones, aad i-
made his servants carry them, ^\ ^
Jeweller, «. ^j^J^^ jawdkirjl.
Jingle, V. ^Ja:io tatUan. A. jingle, ^j-
ianln.
JOL
(761)
JOT
Jockey, b, yjAp^ j&nh(i%, J>«£><- ^w hay-
ya^ hhayl. See Horse-dealer, Groom ;
aUo Cheat. \jna»hrah.
Jocose (jocular), L^jJLjii\ ujLD latlfal
Jocoseness, jocosely, jocularity, -.|^^1
inthirdh. See Merriment.
Jocujid, ^0^\ i^^/^j Mhrdwl al idb^
See Merry, Gay, Lively, Cheerful,
Pleasant. [ness, Cheerfulness.
Jocundity, ^y farah. See Pleasant-
John Nokes and Tom Stiles, r^x^ ^J
fuild %oa ^mr (fictitious names^ used
hy lawyers and others).
Join, V. ^^ wasal, ^ laham^ JhuJ
lasaJt, ^jA and jjl. See Add, Sub-
join; Unite, Associate.
Joined, J^^ mawsul, J«da^ muttasd,
(.JJLi^ mutaaliff ^•jjut makrUn,
^4:jb^ mujtami^y o^sjb^ mqfmH^
To join or be joined, ^jAj\ inkaran,
J^yt tnwMol,
Joint, «. iAAfi ^ukdat, J^^ai^ tnafsdl.
Joints, J^U/t tnafdsil. The space be-
tween two joints, ^-'^^ anbuh, ^^..^Lt
ma/sal, ^\ji^ mafdnU The joint
of a reed or other plant, if JkAf ^ukdat.
Out of joint, \!^°'-- fnun/ai^. To pull
the fingers till the joints crack, ^ji
djuj[^\ farka^ asdbi^aho. The joint
of a slaughtered animal, a joint of
meat, ydc ^adu (pi. 1^1 a^dd).
Joint, V. (divide into joints), -.jJiisharah,
\_ "^* JuuMob. [Together.
Jointly, jlarb hi ittikdd, \y^ $awd. See
Jointure, i. IJjJ dotdtj^fs^ jahdz. See
Joke. See Jest. [Dower.
Jole. See Face, Cheek.
Jollity, joUiness, — i fm'ah.
Jolly (gay), ^J^Jfarhdn.
«• •
Jot, <. ^J tarraU
Jovidl,j»Mt nuurHr.
Journal, «.^J daftar, Jlj/r-
Journey, a.jLtsa/ar (pi. ci?J^ aafrdt).
A nocturnal journey, JJJi^^ «fl/flr
flJ ft J. A journey by post, ^jL*i\
tda^j^l auafar ma^ al po%ta. A long
journey, J^jLa %afar ha^d. To
undertake or begin a journey, ^Lc aIc
jLJ\ ^a%am ^al^ aasafar. And they
say that this notion is cherished as a slight
consolation by those who are content with a
sorry maintenance, and repine not at bad food
or scanty measure. Bat if thon determine on
travelling abroad, and nrepareet thy staif and
wallet for the jonmey, choose first a companion
who will be a real assistance to ^ee ; for as a
neighbourhood most be known before the
hoose, a good companion must be provided
before a journey is undertaken, _ib ^jSlSj
Journeyman, «. JLm^ musd^.
Joust, i. (tournament), tr-^j rammdh.
Joy, .^If^f thtihdj, ^UuCjl *htudm,j^j^
durHr, isi^ hahjat, ^ji farah, ij*u^
imuurratf )o\m*J\ inhisdt, ^)/^^ t^-
shirdh. To show great demonstrations
of joy, ^jsi\j^\ oihar alfarah. And
when the King heard what she said, his face
brightened up with joy and happiness, and he
kissed her h^ and her hands by reason of the
excess of his joy, vlX-L«Jl ^^ UJj
^Ji\ ixL ^ l^^j l^tj. Happi-
ness hath come, dispelling care and grief.
We are united, and have mortified our euTiers.
The fragrant zephyr of union hath blown, and
revived the heart and the bowels and the body ;
and the beauty of delight hath appeared with
periumes, and our drams of glad tidings hare
been beaten in the four quarters of the hori-
TUT)
(762)
JUD
Eon. Bo not ima^e that we are weeping
from grief, for it u from joy that our tears
hare flowed. How many terrors hare we seen !
bat they hare passed, and we have borne with
patience what roused up anguish. One hour
of union hath made me for;get what rendered
US grey from excess of terror,j«^\ 'U>-
irf, ♦ U jJlj IS^Xlj CjJil\ ci^P-li
Joyftil, ^^ji farhdn, j^f*^ tnasrHr,
ij^^jjj**^ nuurUr al hdl. See Cheer-
ful, Merry. — Joyful news, ifjlfiu hi-
shdrat. To make joyful, ^j3 farrah,
Joyfiilly, i^lf^f J>^ htkol (biihdj\j^^
higurUr.
Joy fulness, ..^/araA* See Joy.
Jubilee, s. f^Jo tarab, ^isSi bahfat,
LImmJI inhudt, ijMi^ masarrat, mJ^\
ihtihdj. See Festivity.
Judge, i, ^^\^ kddi. Judges, i\^
huddt, Mj or our lord judge, \jiy
_^Ia!\ mawldnd al kddl. The judge
of a city, j\J\ ^^^ hddl al halad.
The judge of the army, jL^\ ^^^
M
kdd% al ^kar. The decree of a judge,
c JL)1 S-^- hukm ash shar^, ^ hujjat.
The actuary who writes the sentence
of a judge, cJ\La sakkdk. The chief
judge, SlJiiSI i<^^ ^^ ^^ huddt. The
greatest judge of his age, Sloi J^l
V.
j^t^l a^%am huddt taaawnSn. To ap-
point a judge, t^^ ^'^'^^ ^mmahk$
hddi. To go or appear before a judge,
^i^USf ^\^\jid^^ heder amdm al
To cite before a judge, lcjVu^\
^jUlf i%t«1 talah lil muthdra^
al hddi. A bribe to corrupt a jvdge,
JJ?^ hartllf iy^j raihwat, A judge
(a person capable of deciding on the
merit of anything), ijf^ c.'*'>-Lg sd-
hib hhibratj y}ks,^>.rJ^ adhH c«H.
I had picked up from the mouths of xl^
learned and sa^es, and deriTed from the pre-
cepts of the wise, that it is the doty of tfce
prudent and intelligent strange', when K?
enters any new town, to gain the friendship c(
its judge and secure his ^>od will, that he sit
fortify himself in the case of liti^tion, a£i
be safe in a foreign land from the mjustice <jf
the rulers and officers,^ L::^i3 s,z^n
Judge, V, (do justice), u»o.fl>\ tmsa/, J.u
^adal; (decide lawsuits), fS^»^ halam.
L*yAs\ ^J«ai fatal al hkuaumat. To
judge (form an opinion), ^Jia z«i, ^J^*^
^^Li ^amal kiyds. See Criticise, Bb-
cem, Distinguish. Then the King judged u>c
people, displacing the tyrannical, and inrost'
mg the good and just ; and continued to pv%
judgment until nearmidday,Ci34^^^ ^
J jU!1 jjij ^y 1 jjc, t^u^ ^^ j.si-
Judgment (opinion), ^ sanii, ij\ ray,
^Jj tadblr, (j**^ hiydt; (undtf-
standing), Jac ^ahl, JLi|^ faruMt:
(the sentence of a judge), i^j:ifmt^,
gS*^ huhm (pL i%H>-l ahkdm), «x»*
l^f^\ hukm aihsharc, Lai hadd. Set
JTJI
(763)
JUS
Doom, Condemnation, Sentence, De-
cision.— A judgment (punishment finom
heaveii), jJJ\ LaS kada aOdh. The day
of judgment or resurrection, >»jJ
£<«Ls!\ yawm al hiy&mat. The judg-
ment-seat, IaLs^* mahkamat. See
Court of justice (tribunal). — To pro-
nounce judgment, c/y^ ^^ ^amdl
fakotf^ jS»^ i<^^ a^ato' hukm* See
Judge. — Soundness of judgment, iy
ijifflt kAwat (U ^akl. A man of sound
judgment, Ji£ ^^^.^^-l^ sdhih ^akl.
Men of sound judgment, J^a^ <^l£^t
aah&h^akuL Without judgment, J^lb
hOd ^.
Judicatory, 8. (court of justice), ZaGb^
mahkamat. See Court. — (distribution
of justice), JjuJ\ \jS^\ ijrd al ^adl.
Judicature, L^ kadd,^ S,^ huhn. — See
Jurisdiction.
Judicial, judiciary, jVy^ '^t.^-
Judicially, Ur^ ^Aar^on, ^jul\ ^\y
rnmodfik oihtihhar^ Demanding pay-
ment judicially, lxJ« jLA>. c^^Jit ^oM
hakkaho shar^an.
Judicious, Jac c^.-c^-lig adhtb ^hl, JSU
^dj&>7, Li]^ i>,^>-lig idhibfardsat. See
Prudent, Skilful, Wise.
Judiciously, Lit^j^ Jif Jia ^ijb^ ^aklin
tea fardsat. See Wisely. [Tankard.
Jug, 9.jjf ka%y <ul^ kdM, See Cup, Pot,
Juggle, V. ^jT^j ^f]>»r ^ala*, ^Jl&
ghatih. See Deceive.
Juggle, juggling, *- j^^ toM^hur. See
Imposture, Deception, Trick.
Juggler, i.jfAy* muzaMr.
Jugular, ,^^Ai>- haUd. The jugular vein,
Jjjijll J>-»»- ^U al world.
Juice, jyS coroib, ^^j rtUUlat, tsf^j
rathkat (pi. ci^Ur^j rot^^Q. The
pressed juice of grapes or other fruits,
^^««a£ ^Mlr, if^tUoc ^tMdra^. Juices of
styptic plants, Uiiil akdkid. Lemon
juice, ^y^ ^ may y at laymUn,
Jujube (fruit), (^llx ^nndh. The
barren jujube tree, ^^yjij %ay%afikn.
Julapi imJip^ jaUdh.
July, ijM^^ yiil%ii$, jy4j tammiiM.
Jumble, V, ial^ khalat. See Confound.
— A jumble, \^S-. khalt.
Jument, 9. (beast of burthen), (^^
SSyk»^ kidlsh humUlat.
Jump, V. )e2j nat. See Bound, Spring. —
(to agree with), jj\^ wdjik.
Jump, i. iJoj naitat. See Leap.
Junction, J 1^1 ittisdl, ^^ wash See
Coalition.
Juncture, J^oi^ ma/«a/ (pL ^}^\L^ ma-
fisil), ya£, ^adu. See Junction, Joint,
Articulation. — (time), ^^j Mmdn,
ijujj toakt.
June, ij^jij^ hisutyrdn.
Juniper, ^^r^ ^r^dr. [markui slni.
Junk (a Chinese ship), ,A^ ^^r^j^
Jupiter (planet), ^^-.A^Jl a/ muahtari.
Juridical, i^^j^ ahar^l. See Judicial.
Juridically, Ic^ ahar^n.
Jurisconsult. See Lawyer.
Jurisdiction, ^^L^ hukumat, Lai kaddf
jjL>^ hukm, i^^ waldyat. Exercising
jurisdiction, ^\^ wdh.
Jurisprudence, ^ Jikhy i^\ Jl£ ^tlm al
Jikh, ^j^\ J^ ^ilfn ashakar^.
Just, Jjlfi ^d(?f7, JjjK^ mucdil^ JL0
«d/iA, Jf jLtf aa<^«it. See Equitable,
Honest, Good, Virtuous. — (accurate),
.^vsr^ tahlh. See Exact, Pull, Com-
JUS
( 764 )
EEE
plete, E^olar. — Just weight, ^Ji\^ ^jj
wazn wdfi. To distingnish the just
from the nnjnst, JtUl ^ (j^^ ^J/
farak al Hah min al batil. The troops there-
upon approached him, kissed the ground hefore
him, and congratohited him on his safe return,
because he was just and beloTed, (J^li
»r^3 ^'^l crH uf^il^ \yL3^jL^\
Just, ad^. ijJfJSj hikol dikat. See
Exactlf. — (alike), Ji/« misL
Justice, J Jkc ^adl, l]\jx. ^addlat, iljU>-
hahkaniyat, lld^x^ n,a^dalat, uJUsjI
M
tnsdf, ^jJ^ iharl^tf ^ jJ^ thar^, ^J>-
hak. Public justice, ^ImJI ctsiiydsat.
Distributive justice, JuMsUIliUljuJI al
^addlat al idsttnat An administrator
of justice, fj^\ i^j^ mttft^ al hah
According to justice, e jul\ L,.^*Mag7
hi haaab a»hshar^* Contrary to justice,
^jJ^\ uJLl Jthildf ashshar^. To ad-
minister justice, to do justice, i^j>'\
J Sfi\ qfra* al ^adl, t— i>aj \ an$af. The
Lord Chief Justice, JUiill ^IS kddl
al kudat. After which he returned to the
palace, with all the people before him. And
every day he used to rid^ to the horse-course ;
and when he returned, he sat to judge the
people, and administered justice between the
prince and the poor man, ^1 ^TJ (^
Justifiable, J\^ $dlih, ^LJL». haklklf
c^jJ^\ c,.^^.iir<7 hi hatab ashshar^. See
Eight, Defensible.
Justifiableness, JLa ialdhj Lj\as>^ hak-
haniyat. See Rectitude.
Justification, jjji ^f«r, jij^ iabrlr,
j\mA i^ndr, iSj3 imHyai, See
Vindication. — (purgation from sb),
\j^\ utihrd, ^i>w khalds. SeePaxdon.
Justifier, justificator, m. jj^ mubanir.
See Defender.
Justify, r. jji horror, ji^ \OMar^ ^j
takhi. See Absolve, Defend, Yindieate.
Justle, r. ^jL^ ioBdddim. See Clash,
Encounter.
Justly, Jms'U lUkttk, ll\^ J^ Kb/
^oddilat, i^yJ^i hissawdh, SeeHoQest-
ly. Uprightly ; also Just, Exactly.
Justness (accuracy), l3j dikkotj JU^
kom&l. See Exactness ; oUo Justice.
Jut, p. (to shoot into prominences), u-9^^
^ix ashrof^alo*, t^i<^j romd ^dU\
See Project,
Juvenile, c^L2» shah. The juTenile age.
K.
K, in English, has one invariable somd
before all the vowels ; and is expreased
in Arabic by C/, as t^^zS hUak,
* book ;' and (with a stronger effort in
the throat) by j, as ijjj btdrot^
power,' ^^J^ mokaddas, holy/ J>j
hark, ' lightning.' Before » it is sile&t,
as in knife, knee, pronounced mfi, mm,
Kalendar, v^ takunm. See Calendar.
Kali, Jj kali. Alkali, J^\ Moh.
Keen (eager), jU- hadd; (sharp-edged),
«^U kdti^. See Pierdng. — (seme;,
Jj Jj* shodtd, A keen-edged swonL
jl>- L,Qj..> sayfhddd (vulg. Jk^).
Keenness (eagerness), i^ yklroi, J Al
shiddat. See Ardour, Zeal, Yehemcaoe.
— (severity), ^|^ «ardm«^yU»i;^ ^os^
KIC
(765)
KIN
See Asperity. — (rigour of weather),
J^l iiXi ahiddat d hard^jij^J fum-
harlr.
Keep, V. (take care of, preserve), Iri g'v.
^i/bz, ^^^>- hama\ See Goard, Pro-
tect— (to detain), CX^^ me%eh. See
Stop. — (to last), i»li ibSm. See Eemain.
— (to maintaiii, support with the ne-
cessaries of life), izS^ kdt See Feed. —
(to restrain), ku*^ dahat, ^i^ mana^.
To keep company (with any one),
v.^.^«>-li0 sdhabf J^\s. ^ashar. To keep
in or keep dose (conceal), l^a^^^ akhfa^ .
To keep off, keep aloof, Jjo ha^jAd\
(to hinder), m\^ mana^ To keep
tinder (oppress), Jd? sutlam^j^ kahar.
To keep on (advance, go forward),
>»jLiJ takaddam. To keep one's hed,
^\^b Juu it0^0(; 5t7/rd«A. To keep
or dwell (in any place), ^jS*^ sakan.
To keep house (maintain a family), ^
ij:^^}/atah hayL To keep the house
(he at home), c;,^! ^ tXiu ha^adfll
day^. To keep out (prevent entrance),
J^fiL JkS\ ^ ^^ mana^min addukhul.
To keep a promise, J^l ^^ uw/0' a^
^hd. [ndsfV.
Keeper, «. lail>> hafigf {j*ij^ hdr%9,Jo\j
Kept (guarded), Si^^A^r* maA/^, ^/*^y^
mahriU ; (detained), l1^h«><.>^ maffMfi^.
Kermes, J^ hirm%%.
Kernel, '«. (of a nut, etc.), s>~^^'*>^ hah, ^y
niwa\ i^ Uh, ^.^Jj kalh.
. »
Kettle, «. ^hj ^sdn. See Caldron, Pot.
Key, 8. ^lii^ m«/^d^ (pi. ^U^ ma/d^lA).
Kibe, «. (chap in the heel), w^.'^wCH^^ ^jJit
shuk fll ka^.
Kick, f. ^jujj rqfoi, LJ lahai.
Kick, «. ^Lij rafsat. A kicker, (jwlij
ro^. A kicking horse, ^ ^ (^^^^^^
hudn ramUh.
Kidney, 9. iy\J kilwat (pL iJ^ ^A)y
^5|^K kaldwl.
Kidney, 9, (or Prench bean), iLJ^ lnhie.
Kill, 9. Ji3 ^atol. To kill animals for
food, ^ J sa&oA.
Killed, fjf^ makM, Killed by poison,
f^y4>*u^ ma9miim. See Poisoned.
Killer, «. Jjli kat%% JliS kattah See
Murderer.
Killing, |Mir^. JjfU ibs^t?.
Kiln, «. j^y fum, jyj tannHr.
Kind (benevolent), L-g.i>.V> 1 ^op^f/, (Jtii^
9hafik, ^i^ kafim, w-^'^^^ muAu^. See
Beneficent, Friendly, Farourable. And the
King was beneficent to the people, courteouB
in speechi traly and sincerely eood and kind,
saying nothing bat what was lor the welfare
and the good of the people, Cfl^U ^l^^
Kind (race, sort, species), \j»t^ jin9 (pi.
^^\j,^\ ajna9), ^^ natr^(pl. 9^^^
antoH^). Human kind, j^Jl ^^:j hani
al hashar. Another kind, c ^j^ ghayr
naw^. Of different kinds, uJL^^l
iilz^ a9nd/mukhtali/at, ^UlcLsr^ ^y\
anwd^ mukhtalifdh.
Kindle, 9, ^j^^ ahrak, Ja^I (uh^. See
Inflame, Set on Pire, Exasperate, Ani-
mate.
Kindled, ^y^ malhuh, JjtJL« mtuh^
ta^al. See Inflamed.
Kindling, part, /^h'^ mudtarim.
Kindly, ^ Jilj hikol karam, cjUal J^
Ukol lutf, ^Us^. J^ hikol muhahhal.
KIS
(766)
KBTO
See Benerolently, FaToorably; aito
Congenial^ Homogeneal ; Mild, Soften-
ing.
Kindness, ^gVil lutf, 2j^ae, cut^faty ij'\j
raafat. See Benevolence, Beneficence,
FaTovr, Love. And when tfaer heard her
words, ibey thanked her for her kindncM, and
said to her, Whaterer thon dost with this
stranger, thon wilt be rewarded and recom-
pensed for it, Vy^ lf«i^ {^y^^'^^ ^^
JlJl^ ijij^y **r^y*'' • ^^^ ^^^ ^®''"
tone, in its kindnen, has fiiToiired me, and
conducted me to the threshold of the beloved.
I beheld Bodoor in the bed by m^ side ; and
by her son the moon of my fortune was
brightened, dLaJj kJ^j^^ jIs^jJ Uj
Kindred (by blood), h\^ kardhat, l,, ^«mj
nasah (j^l. l^\m*j\ ansdh). SeeBelation,
Relative, Sort
Kindred, o^f- v.^^ iarih. See Congenial.
Kine (pi. of cow), ^<^^y tnawdshl, jAj
hakar.
King, 8. f»l£i^ malek, A king of kings,
a great king, ^jlrHiJl ^UaLj stdldn
Oisaldtln, Belonging to the king,(JUaLi
iulidnl. See Royal. — Kings, lI^I ^
miduk.
Kingdom, «. d^il^k^ mamlahat^ ^^J daw-
lot, ^LUui saltanat. See Dominion,
Empire.
Kingship. See Royalty, Monarchy.
Kinglike, kingly, (JUaLi stdtdnh See
Royal, Sovereign, August. [fala.
King's evil, ». te-1^ sardjah. See Scro-
Kiss, $. imi^^ hawsat, ^lLj kuhlat
Kiss, V. (jAi hds, Jlj hdbhaly J^ lasam.
He then rose erect upon his feet, and kissed
the head of his sister, after which he and his I
■ister descended from the top of the palace, '
^\
Kissed, m\tA^ nmUoiom. A pecBon cr
thing kissed, iJfA^ muitM^ii.
Kissing, «. iJ^^aj tatMf a2J /mm.
Kitchen, t . ^Ja^ mMibakh.
Knave, _^uL« muld^ibfi,j\ J^ ghadi&r.
See Rascal, ScoundreL
Knavery, J Jl£ ffhadr, ^lL». Af£i<, i,/'^
talbU, See Fraud, Dishonesty.
Knavish, i^Jlc ghadddr. See Xnair;
a/!fo Dishonest, Fraudulent, Mis-
chievous, Wag^sh.
Knavishly, ^^^V ^*^ ^^^- ^^ ^™-
dulently, Waggishly.
Knee, «. ^L^ nc^^a^ (pi. i^-^-^ ryikah).
Kneel, v. ^^ roib^, Ssr* %ajad.
Knife, «. ^;:»^ mL^h . A lai^ butcher's
knife, j^Li %dtikr, A pen-knife, 4^
^U? hUam tardsh, \j^ mabrd.
Knight, «. J^^ kawdUier. See Cavaliff.
Hero, Champion. — The Knights Ten*
plars, ^y^t adddmyat. The Knights
Hospitallers {or Knights of l[alta\
ilj\s>^\ al %$hitdr%fat
Knit, V, (unite by knots), «x££ caW;
(to unite by texture), ** ^J*^ JUyysi
See Weave, Tie, Join, Unite, ContncL
Knock, V. Jf J dtA, To knock at a
door, c-^UI J J (l4ii( 0/ hdh. To knock
dow^, ^^r«^ darah, ^j rgsM\ Te
knock on the head (kill), Jzj iatd,
i^jfC darah. See Kill.
Knock, «. hj»i darhat, JuL! J!f<sic4
£/«jliA« musddamai. A knock at a
door, S-'^Uf J^ <2ai& a/ hdh. A kBocier
(one who beats), 4^1^ ifdniS. The
KNO
(767)
LAB
knocker or ring of a door, c^UI JLil>^
halttkat al bob. I have no resource except to
knock at thy door ; and if I am rejecteo, at
whose door shall I knock ? ^y^ 1\^
^U cyjj, Jil^ il^ wL^U ^j
Xnot, «. idJLs. ^ukdat (pi. «xac ^ukad).
See Difficulty, Intricacy, Association,
Cluster, Collection. — A knot in wood,
SjkA£ ^ukdat. Solomon's knot (or
seal), ^UJls ^Ifk* hh&tim 9olaymdn,
To knot or make a knot, J^ac ^lad.
See Entangle, Perplex. To unloose a
knot, ij3ji\ CS^ fak al ^ukdat.
Knotty, sijL^ mucakkad. See Intricate,
Difficult.
Know, V. (— i/^ ift^rff (Xc' ^elem. See
Comprehend, Understand, Distioiraish. 0
thon, if thou know me not, I win acquaint
thee with my name and my descent. I am
the son of the daughter of the King of the
Amalekites ; of those who ruled the countries
with equity, ^-ii^l (ji^o^ ^\ ^JUblj
^=-^ iji^ ^' ^jr^) ^c^^ ^-i^' ^^
Knowahle, cJ^icj yun^artf.
Knower, uJ;l£ ^Sn/.
Knowing, j?ar^. and adf. ^^j^ ^r/dn,
^j\p ^drif, JU fMlim. See Skilful,
Learned, Conscious, Intelligent.
Knowingly, i^^^Ac J^ 3iib/ ^i7mn
trtf ma^ri/at.
Knowledge, Jlc cAn, ^ fuhm, 2jjK^
1
w«^5r|^j
ma^W/^a^ (pL
^ fan (pi. ^^^ funan),
hikmat. See Science, Learning,
Skill, Cognizance, Understanding,
Acquaintance, Information.— * Certain
knowledge.
(J-
Mm hakikl.
alfikh. Desirous of knowledge, t^Jlt
Jlc tdltb ^jhn. Without knowledge,
ijyt^jfX, ^ min ghayr ma^rifat. Be-
longing to knowledge, ^^^U-e ^t7mi.
Thev say to me. Thou shinest among mankind
hy toy uiowlodge like the moonlight. Abstain
from thus addressing me, answered I, since
there is no knowledge without fortune.
fi\^\ ^ djcJ cuJ^ gj^\ iU!l^
Known, uJ||/t^ ma^ril/, /^^J^ ma^lnm.
And it is well known that some men make a
figure of the fox in the yineyard. and even put
hdbre it grapes in plates, in order that a fox
may see it, and adTanoe to it, and fall into de-
struction, (jiA#LJf ^jOMf ^j f "■ ty\ «X5j
A knowledge of laws, iiji\ Jlc ^t'/m
L.
L preserves always the same sound in
English, and is expressed in Arabic by
J; as JJ layl, 'a night'; u^J^
talahf ' a call.'
Label, 8. (title to a book, etc.), ^|^
^ntffdn, A label affixed to a piece of
cloth, marking the price, ^j rakam.
To label (put a title on a book, etc.),
c-.'l:ix)! ^\^ ^^^ wada^ ^anwdn al
hitdh.
Labial (pronounced by the lips), ^JhU^
ihifdhl. Labial letters, JubU^ ^^j^
hurHf shifdhiyat.
Laboratory, s, ^JSJ4> dnldb, fjAJut ma^
mal, lj\sL^ karJchdnat.
Laborious, v. «Xss* mujjid, (J^kj^ shagh-
LAC
(768)
LAM
ghll. See Indofitrious, Diligent, As- |
fiiduous. — (not easy), \..^^.>*x^ sa^.
See Tiresome. [wajahd.
Laboriously, ^x^j^tX^- ^^ hiholjaddin
Labour, s, (hard work), \^^nr»/9 ^JjLI
Bhughl muUxb ; (work, action, endea-
vour), J^ix ^amal, Jjti^^J, ^^juj «acl,
jjj ^^ safj lallgh, ^^ jaM, ^'
j'ad, JjLI ihugU, See Industry, En-
deavour.— (pain, trouble), (k.^^^ ta^h»
Labour in vain, SjjIjL> v_ -p" taz,ab
hUd fayidat, JtU ^lus w^I 3a^»7. To
oppress wiUi labour, u^.^1 aUah,
Without labour, ^.^..^Ij Hid. ta^h.
See Easily, Gratis. — With great labour,
<ULuLu«j S"^ J^ ^^^ /0^a5 ti;<i mu-
Labours, ^^Lyu« mosd^f, JUx^ a^m^/.
Labourer (for hire), ^U«5»»^; (work-
man, etc.), «Jli0 «d»i^.
Labour, v. (toil), ^^^ w^f, Jk>- y^ii;
(to labour under dijficulty, disease,
etc.), ^^y tawajfa^, tJ^' ihtala\
To labour (to be in childbirth), wi-^aIL
tilhat, ["^^f^^ mujtahid.
Labouring, part and adf. ^Ls sd^,
Laboursome, u,. ^wi^ mui-^.
Lab3rrinth, s, ff2y^ ^^^V\ ^^^*^ duldh,
<i V»U>^ magUatatf iioj^ wartat, Lac
^akahat, iJi tayk.
Lace, Jilf^ «fl;'fi^, jJLJmA kashkash.
See Fringe, Edging, l^amal kashlcash.
Lace, t7. (adorn with lace), ^JlS^S J.4X
Lacerate, v. (Jjs>^ khataak, ^jJL ihak,
jfj^ mazzak. [^tashklk.
Laceration, 4Ja^^ iharmatat^ (Jn^^
Lacerated, ^J)s^^ mutakhassxak.
Lack, V. .^s^\ ihtdj. See Want, Need.
Lackey, «. JijS^ khadddm. See Foot-
man, Servant. [Concise, Short
Laconic, j>^*ir^ mukhUuar, See Brief,
Lad, 8, jJj walad. See Boy.
Ladder, «. ^JLs 9uUam,
Lade, v. (load), J^i>. Aommo^.
Laden, J^^^*^ muAffmrno/. See Loaded.
Lading, ^^a^ hand. See Weighti Bor-
den, Cargo.
Ladle, 9.jSi^ kaflAr,
Lady, b, ^yls^ i^^^fin (pi. CL^UyU
khdtundt), cn^^ «t^, bl^lL* sittdt
if Ju^ saydat — My lady, iA»»^\i yd ntii.
— Lady-like, c:.^! Js^ ffM a$nt.
Laid {part, preUr. of lay), Q^^
Lain {part prefer, of lie), ^J^ wd-
Lake, «. ^^«aC ^* hayrat
Lamb, s. uJ^^lf^- or ^^y>' hharuf.
Lame, <^^^ ^^^^'i ^^^ «aibi^. See
Cripple. — To lame, ^ ^-c ^oro;.
Lameness, ^^c ^ai^*, i^^*^ ^of^i.
See Crippleness.
Lament, v. ^^^jL^J tashakka*^ v— g ..^Ij
taassaf, -.li ndA. See Bewail, De-
plore, Bemoan, Mourn.
Lament, lamentation, X»ld tAtZdjfil
_CuJ tashakkl, hjj nadbat Aooord-
ingly she continued mourning, weeping, «ai
wailing a whole year, from one end lo ^
other. After which she said to me, I hst
a desire that thou shouldest build for me, la
thy palace, a tomb with a dome, that I ■•;
repair thither and mourn in retiremeat asc
solitude, and I will call it the Uouae of La-
mentations. And I replied. Do, i^LJMJi
LAN
(769)
LAN
j^ljs-m c:^ i^^ ^^ i(jj\, l^\
Lamentable, ^X^ muhakki, \jj^ ^'^'
z%%. See Moamfaly Sorrowful, Piti-
fal, Miserable. \mviha}i}^.
Lamentabljy v}^ ^t^ ^ nmo^in
Lamenter, #. ^\J^ thdki, ^y nawwdhf
^JLuiCL^ mutashakkl. [warak.
Lamina (thin plate), uXJ tanak, ^j^
Lamp, «. ^\j^ Mrdj, ip^j^^ mawajat,
^L^^ muhdh (pL .^Id/t »iMd&iA),
ijjjcj haniil (pi. j£jl:i ib»(3(ftQ.
The lamp of the state, ll^ci\ -.t^
sardj addawlat. See Lustre. — The wick
or match of a lamp, l!Lpj fatilat. See
Match. So I engaged in the enconnten of
that sort of warfare, while I invested myself
with its distinctiTe badges, and adopted its
eymbols as my decorations ; perceiying it to be
a merchandize that never fiiils, a fountain that
is never dried up, a lamp to which all mankind
might resort, and whereby the hlind of every
sort might be enlightened, (."^A^ »u <
«ampoon, «.^s^ %tl. See Satire,
lance, *. ^j rumh (pi. -U; rumdh),
-.L«^1 armdh.
.ance, v. (chirorgically), yx^Jb c-^
darab hil fuuhtar. See Cut, Fierce,
Scarify ; also To dart,
.ancet, s.j:j^ nashtar.
and (region), ^jOj\ ard, jJj Tnilad,
iJ.xl^ mtdk. See Country. — (earth),
^j^ «ri ; (immovable possession),
CiX*^ omildjt. See Estate. — (the sur-
face of the ground), ^Ji\ ^j wajh
al ard; (nation), /^y kaum, j;]ls^
khalk, ZL« mtllat. See People.— By
sea and land, ]/s^ y harran wa
hahran.
Land, i?. (set on shore),^t ^\ Ap nnil
ikC al bar. And at that island the master of
the ship brought her to anchor with us ; he
cast the anchor, and put forth the landing-
plank, and all who were in the ship landed
upon that island, c,,^'>-l^ \^ LfV^
Landed (brought to land), jf^^ (V Jj^
ndsUfilhar; (come to land), JJls^-l
qfd lU bar ; (possessed of an estate in
land), CJi^\ v-^^^U adhib amldk.
Land flood, $. J^ KUfl, See Inundation.
Land forces, J \^^Lm£ ^askar ai bar. See
Army.
Landholder, «. t^^j^ c^^-^^-Lp Bdhib
arddi.
Landless, ^^]j\ ^t« mdlaho arddl.
Landlord, «. yjjl^^l c,.^,">>l.g adhtb al
lokdnda, CS^\ i—^^^^L^ Bdhib tdmulk.
See Landholder ; Innkeeper, Host.
Landlady, arjjl^^l ^L»-li0 sdhtbat al
lokdnda. See Hostess.
Landmark, «. (joji^ <ule ^aldmat alard.
See Bounds, Marches.
Landward, J \ cJ^lal lataraf al bar.
Lane, «.jJjbJ dahllz, j^^l^ ma^ar, ^li;
J^ stfX'dit dayyik. See Alley, Street.
Language (speech), ^LJ ludn (pi. ^iwwJl
alsunat)t iii loghat (pi. CL^Ul loghdt).
See Tongue. — The Arabic language,
_jji!t^UJ /f«d» a/ ^orodf. The
Persian language, _.4^1^LJ /wdii
a/ ^jamlf ^^U!t alfdrA. The lan-
guage of the modems, ^;j[^;£^^^ ^LJ
49
LAP
(770)
LAS
litdn «/ mni&ihihwin' Expremve
language, ^IJ\ u-> Jx ^^U ludn ^ib
al haydn. Metaphorical language,
i^lc^ majdMh A langoage maater.
Languid, ^gtr.«<T db^I/yli filiir. See
Faint, Feeble. -« To make languid,
mJI <uf^a/. To become languid,
ijup d$^ef, [nees, Weaknen.
Languidnees, c^qw.^ ifo^/. See Feeble-
Languish, r. Jj J deM.
Languishing, |MH*^.>>U ^djnfJS\ifBLtir,
See Languid. — To languish (look with
tenderness or softness), ^ji^ (J^«3
dahbal ^uyHnaho.
Languishingly, ^in,ni hidu^n; (looking
tenderly), ithj ^j^juJoj ruaar hi ^o-
yUn dahldnat,
Languishment. See Languidness.
Languor. See Languidness, Lassitude.
Lank, ^.Pgw^^ da^f. See Lean, Thin,
Limber; Languid.
Lankness, cq<^ (^tfc/1
Lantern, «. lanthom, ^/m^U /dntl«; (a
light-house), j^-^ fandr, Lantem-
jaw'd, ^jjJ^\ yjj*^^ mu^arrak al
khaddin. [ment, Jj J dayl.
Lap, «. ^^'id^- Aufn. The lap of a gar-
Lap, v.jtfi sar, (^jL! laf. See Involve,
Wrap, Fold. — To lap (as a dog, etc.),
^jn>a} lahas. See Lick.
Lapdog, i.jJf^ iwA? kalh ioghlr.
Lapidary, », u/lx>- hakkdk, i^j^^^
jawdhirji. To lapidate, lapidation,
A>-i rajam. See Stone, etc.
Lapis lazuli, J^jijH^^ Ao/Vir Idtward,
U^ mind. [dress, Jj J (fay/.
Lappet, .«. Jjb) i/^ry/. A lappet of a head-
Lapse (fell), ^La iukut; (flow), J--*
«0y2; (error), Ik;. Uo^d, Ui ^yil,
■jtajj tahlr, j^ mA6, Lams lalsi.
Lapse, V. (glide), i^gj^- J^ra* l (to nn^
an inadvertent slip), laLi yAek; (to
fell from truth or perfection), sL
takat; (to pass away), J^ sal S«
Elapse.
Lapwing, «. ^jL^y^ tdUtlt,
Larboard (left hand side of a ship wties
you stand with your fiice to the bod .
ulikdia,
Laich (tree), ^,j^ iharHn,
Lard, ^J^^ (^^ ihahm al U^'-
See Bacon.
Larder, 8. ijy%^\ u:^ ha^ al miut.
Large (wide), ^\^ todti^, ^^^f- \^^
Broad.— (big), ^--S^ AaJlr, ^-licjfi*
^»;MMf»- yMtm; (abundant), ^^ icr.
^^U/dyuf, Jlj tro/Sr. See Copi(^
Plentiful, Liberal, Biffdjse. — ^Laigelj
at large (diflusively), \asum mif/««i£&
iUL^j Jij5tMu?M^a^. SeeExtensfrelj,
Widely.— (copiously), \j^ iUiir«
(bounteously), ^*^ Jio Wb/ i«rw«
Liberally.
Largeness (wideness), Im^ s^aty l^
fashat, ijOjC' ^d. See Eztenaiao."
(bulk, bigness), l^iac ^atamat, jSh^
Laigess, b, a\mj\ in^am. See (B)
Bounty, Present
Lark, «. i^^ kunharat.
Larynx (top of the windpipe), ^M
ghahamat (pi. *^lLi y^oiidrMN).
Lascivious iy^ c,.>^f>"Lo «oAsi& «iM
^1jf<Si ihahwdtlj y^^ Lm ^'^\^ m
hawa\ ^Uij ntt^fdnf, ^^wli .^
LAT
(771)
LAXr
See Lostfol, Wanton. — Lasciyious
amnsements, ^^ maldM.
Lascivionaly, \jMy^yi^yib J^ hikolhamf
ioa hawoB, ly^ Jij hikol thahwat,
Laflcivionsnees, i^ ahahwat,jysfjujikr,
fj*M3 JUh See Goncupiacenoe, Lost,
Wantonness.
Lash, «. )py^ sawt, O^jM, L^j^a darb\
(the mark of a stripe on the skin), s-^^
darh\ (a thong, whip), l^yut makra"
^at. See Soonrge ; aUo Leash, String*
— (stroke of satire), ys^ hajn. See
Sarcasm. — The eye-lashes, ^;A>- jufn.
Lash, V. j\^jalad; (to satirize), ^jS^
hajdy ^jio ta^n, [Maid.
Lassy s.^ hikr, L^ iahiyat See Girl,
Lassitnde, t^^^nl ta^db (pi. c^U^l ai^h).
See Fatigne, Weariness.
Last,^;^T akhlr. The last day, |*^>^ \
akhir ytxwm. The last, j:>^\ al akhtr.
Last, 9. (on which shoes are made), i^^li
c^jT^f halih al marhlh.
[<ast, r. i*t J ddm, /^\j hdm.
!iasting, adj, ajU h&yim, ^A^y d&yim.
See Durable.
iiBstingly, UjU kdyman, t«j^fc> ddyman.
See Darably, Perpetually,
^astingness, j\j5 kardr,j\j^iSmJ tatimrdr,
^I^J dawdmy li«>Lj 9ahdL
Astly, in the last place, at last, |^^t
akhlran. [Jii kafal.
atch, 9. (of a door), jAi ibf/f. To latch,
atchets (of a shoe), ^j^ na^lln,
ate, jJaJ 5a<I, iSjs\ ^Jaj Jart «/ W«-
katj ^<W^ fTlt^^f. The late, ^f>^j^
marhnm. See Defunct.
iteness, ^ hatu. See Slowness.
itent, yJoJ^ mukhtafl, c-^U ^AdyiS.
See Concealed, Hidden, Secret
Later,^^AsL| dthlr. See Posterior.
Lateral, ^ U^ydmif , Sjo tarafl, 15*^^
janbl. See Collateral.
Latest, ^^T dhhlr.
Lather (froth of soap and water), i^j
^\^^ raghawat a99dhHn^
Latin, lyM?) Idtlnf.
Latitude, ^js^ ^ard. See Breadth, Widths
Boom, Extent, Space. A degree of
latitude, ^jOjM^^ ^j^ darqfat al ^ard,
Latitudinarian, 9. J^sr^ rmdhtd. See Un-
believer.
Latter, y^^ \ dl^. See Modem, Late.—
The latter part, ^11 aldkhir, \jy ward.
Lattice, 9. KJJL^ nuukhakai.
Lattice, r. ViljC ■ oi 9habak,
Latticed, (J.CuuL# mmhabhalt.
Laud, v,a. . J^ tnadah, tXsr* majfad. How,
then, sbotild I abstain from praising thee as
thou deferrest, and lauding thee both privately
and publicly ? Truly I will thank thee for thy
benento conferred upon me : they will relieTO
my Borrow, though they are heavy to my back,
^JL ^\j Aft.. c3U ^1 J ^Ui
m m
Laudable, -.X«]l
^Ij t£^'t^ o^ meKM,
muatah9anf JLy^gw hamld,
^^iX«M« mamdikh, Landable actions,
ifju^:^. JU3\ o/J^d/ hamidat, ^Ij^
maddtfih, (^J^ makdrtm, jL«Ur* »ui-
hdmid, Landable quaHties, c^LLi^
if Ju^«i>- «|/'d^ hamidat. The laudable
qualities of your Excellency, «V«lfi^
Juf jUmi /»;^ ^ fnahdmid toa makdrim
9a^datihim, Laudable endeavours,
4l»-^«X4b^ ^Lmw« ffUMd^i fMmdahaL
The more laudable quaUties,
LAW
(772)
LAW
hamldat» •
LandablenesSy (.jl^j *f^f ^'^ nuutih
(pi. ^Jk^ maddyih), [duJh.
Laadablj, ^^Jui^ i^ii ^ wqfhm mam^
Lave, v.n. jUu taghaual, J^^bCLct ^A^
m/, v.0. JyiMX ghasdl. Bee Wash, Bathe.
Lavender, tdJ^ ktwanda.
Laugh, v.KlS^iehek, ^CSsf^Uh
dahkah^M, See Deride,Hidicale, Scorn.
Laagh, «. d^ir^ ii%£. A load laugh,
^^^A^ iahkahah. See Laught^.
Laugher, «. CX»-U cJaAii^
Langhmg, |Mir^ t^'wLg i2aAii(.
Laughingly, ^^a^^jCXs^ hidiMm wa
hahkahah.
Laughter, CjCc*^ itiU.
Layish, ji3>,r> ^ mtf^iir, uJ;.^ma-/« i»«m^,
^l:;>^ mutlif. See Prodigal, Profuse.
Lavish, «. (.J^l a9raf,jij heaar, i^JlJ
fa/o/l [Prodigal.
Lavisher, «. ^Vr>^ mutUf, See Lavish,
Lavishly, (^|^|^ (^^ JSj &i<lo^ to&i/Sn
u^a isrdf.
Lavishness, uJ\^l Mra/. See Prodigality.
Launch, v. (a ship into the sea), c» '^«m'>
^r^^ ic3 ^.^.^^^f nashab al markabfil
Laundress, «.iL!uuiy^«d^^. A laundry,
Jl^^i ffhassdl. Give my linen to t^e
laundress, ^LJkU ^Jum*£ ^Jacl a^^{
ghaslll m gJuusdlah.
Laureate, laurelled (crowned or adorned
with laurel), Jji\» jiLt mukaUal lU
ghdr. A poet laureate, Li\^«^ t^^
tha^ir dlwdnX,
Laurel, s, ^dij duflS,j\£. gkdr.
Law, AA^Jikh; (divine), c^ «^^, J^
(role, custom), ^^^ iojivii, ij^li
hd^uUU,jfmM} dattur; (zigfat, eqctr,
justice), J9^ ibi, £J\Jlc ^,
i^lojMmdf. See Edict, Decree, S>
tute. Custom, Process. — ^The holjl&v.
JU^^l ^/^^ Mhahari^ uthdmij^^.
Learned in the law, 9j^^ J^' '^
M^AdT^, i3si\ Jjbl oA/ tf^yEIA. Agree-
able to law, aooording to law, Ji'^
f/^^ tnuwdjUt oMhar^ l5^ ^^'i'
See LawfuL — Contrary to kw, vJi>
c ^1 JAUdf oihshar^ A^ ^^^
See Illegal. — ^Laws, ^]j^ i^f .
j^^j ruiiim, ^^a»- hukok. To obsent
the laws of Mendship, ^f^ J/T
L^l <f;'rii* AtiAtlA dl muhMat, TopU
the laws in execution^ s3^^^ ^/^
c^l afra* huknk athahar^
Lawful, -JL« mubdh, ^/y^ ^artJ, Jl>
muwdfik ashahar^ Mhsharif^jA^ jaf!^
A lawful witness, J jU JJ^lJi «^
^a<^a. To be lawful, JLw Aoldl. 1i
make lawful, Jl^-Ao^Zo/. See Legalist
— To consider as lawful, (j2Cw»^ utdd
Lawfully, \x^ ahar^, ZiuyLll ^
thari^at, JiJh HI fud&l. BidH
lawfully acquired, J)L>- ^L» wal Ji^l
And I haye left my kin^om on thr a£^
and our meeting now is a wonderml e^jki
dence. Arise, uen, and descend to me. ib^
may go with thee to the palace of thr f^t^-i
ana ask my uncle to make peaee, to rei<5J
thy fiiiher, and then to mairy thee kwr'..]
Uc^ij cs^i ^^^LL. K^y jj J
jUjJI
•t <•
i\
'3Lff
^\^\ ^ ^\^ JU_, CSJ^^
(773)
LEA
Lawfalness, ifOjJL iharl^at, il\tXc ^a-
ddlat. See Jastiee.
Law-giver or maker, », ^J<^ ihdrt^
^y U) \ fffSdi^ dl MniLn, {M^idat,
Lawless, c^ )b hila sharpy iS£\jlj htld
Lawlessly, ZjJ^j^ ^ min ghayr shar^
Lawn, s, (open space between woods),
^Iju^ mlddn.
Law-suit, s. fc/^*3 da^a\ or \^t}
da^d, <Ui^ hadtffot, JljuL^ murd/a^a^,
cU3 msd^, J^;l:w« iraunSsa^o^ (pi.
iJi;U|L^ munasui^d^), JUm^Ut^ mukhd-
satnat, i^ya:>-. khutumat^]^!, L2j\ytya:>'
JthurQmdt). To carry on a law-soit,
^Ij rdfa^. An adversary in a law-
suit, ^<£J^ mtole^^l.
Lawyer, t, ^jjLs^ mutasharri^ 4U3
Lax, ^j^2mj^ mustarkhl, f^j rakhUL,
See Loose, Slack.
Laxation, U^^l UOrkhd, Jlf^iit wAcE/.
Laxative, (JfuM^ mushih A laxative,
^^^-y murakhkhHf i^;^ mulayyin,
X^axity, laxness, Ifv.^ ra^M, i^^l^j ra;^A-
dwat. See Looseness, Slackness.
L.ay, f . .(place), ^^ tc^oic^^, ^^ tarah.
To lay or spread carpets^ etc., IimJ
5a«7^, ipii farash. To lay down (de-
posit as a pledge), ^j rahan; (to
quit, resign), C/jj iarak,jjB^ hajar\
(to advance as a {proposition), ^^\j a JJ
kaddam rdy. To lay hold of, (J,Cn^
tnesek. See Seize, Catch. — To lay on
(taxes, etc.), ujLSUcJI «. JI9 t4frah at-
tahdhf. See Impose. — To lay on, lay
at (beat), ^/^ dardb. See Strike. —
To lay open,^^\ Mhar. See Expose^
Show. — To lay oat (expend),
taraf, -.^ kharqf; (to display),^^
{ohar, u-iui^ kasha/. See Discover. —
To plan, arrange, Ja3 noMtn. See
Dispose, Contrive. — To lay oneself oat
(make an exertion), ^^yw» ia^a'. See
Endeavoor. — To lay to one's charge
(accuse), yJ^\ Uhtaka'. To lay to
(apply wiUr vigour), 2rJ^p* J^ J^ix
^mdl hoi jdhdaho. To lay together,
w4tf^ jama^ See Collect. — To lay
eggs, 'k^^\i hddat. To lay a wager,
^^\j rdhan. See Wager, Bet.
Layer, 8. Cl^lS hdt, ilio Mala.
Layman, «. t<«^ ^dmmf.
Lazar, «. ifiji^ abras. See Leper.
L^ kdrantlfM. See
Lazaretto, «^ij .. rj
Hospital.
Lazily, J^uuJj liJuual.
Laziness, ^ILj hatdlat, JUibf i%md/,
Jyu«^ jlosff/. See Idleness, Sluggishness.
Lazy, Jili ^M^, ^L^i" toton. See
Idle, Indolent, Sluggish, Slow, Tedious.
Lead, ^^j ra8d$.
Lead, r. l--***?^ 9ahab,j9^ j(Wr 4)15 ^J-
See Draw, Carry. — ^To guide, J J doll;
(to induce), (j«o^ harrad. See Per-
suade, Prevail. — To lead about or
round, j^ J <^trt(»ir. To lead an army,
J^\c>\i kdd al ^aikar. To lead
astray, Jj daU. See Seduce. — To
lead back, jUl £i^d(^, t^J ^W^f
Lead (first place), j J^ tadr. To give
the lead, jxA\ ^ Ak>- Ao^^iV^ /l/
8adr. Lead (guidance), SjLS hiyddaL
Leader, «. Jjli Aay»i, aIj^ mukddm,
aUI amdm. The leader of an army,
^;£uje^ JjU kdyid aljaysh.
LEA
(774)
£EA
Leading (showing fhe way), ai/'. J J1<3
fji)^\ dalalattarfki (principal), ^X^\
iull, jik« muHak. See Chief.
Leaf, 8. (of a tree), iJj^ warakat (pL
j^^l 4Hordk). A leafy idieet, or thin
plate, C^ j;j9 ioM fonoi^, i^iLc
d^ iofihat ianah A leaf of paper,
^j ^^^ ialhiyat warak. See Sheet.
The leaf of a book, (^fA:^ ^J^^^ ^hl-
fai kim (pL tJjUr^ iah&yif). To
fltrip a tree of its leaves, (J^jj^ ^j>-
je^\ jwad awrdk 4unyar {jtajar vulg.
for shqfar). The leaf of a door, ^/<a^
Leafless, ^\j^\ ^t« mdlaho awrdk.
Leafy, ^jy muwarrak.
League, a. Jl^c ^ahd, \9jJ^ shart, iljJbU/t
mu^ahadat, ^\su\itt^ky t^Lsrl ittihdd.
See Confederacy, Combination. — To
league or enter into a league, l^L4x
ijJbljc« ^amalu ma^dhadatf \^\ss^
iahdlafiL. See Confederate. — ^To ob-
serve a lei^ue, J^t t^d.^ meaek
al^ahd. To break a league, J^f^^iAi
nakfid al^akd, A written les^ue, J^
^li ^aM ndma.
Leagues, J^ ^«Avi, ^J:^^\^ mawditlh
Leagued, J^^t* mattahid.
League, «. (parasang, three miles), ^^
farsakh, J^ mf^.
Leak, «. ^Jj^ Mk, A leak in a ship, ^JJ^
^,^^jA^\j shik hilmarkdb.
Leak, v. (of a ship), t« J,4x ^oma/ trad,
fJJ^\ inshak.
Lean, t^. (incline against), ^S3\ ittaka\
jomJ 1 insanad. See Eedine. — To lean
upon a staff, liju ia^Is^km. To lean
against a wall, JOuuuj^ insanad. To lean
*Qr be in a bending posture^ JU ma/.
See Stoop.— To lean to a aide (to be
partial), J^ JU miU iU.
Lean (not fat), i,i;*f<^ imi^/^ (.Ja^
ia^l/. The lean (ef meat), ^ Jdr.
Fat and lean, ^H^^^ kakr mc ibk.
To lie or grow lean, i^Jiue iS^^i^ Ju
t^Jup^ 9drnaklf. To make lean, kJib;
da^'^f.
Leanness, u-oaJ ivc/l
Leap, «. liJ miyjAS hamiot. See Jmep.
Overleap, Fly, Start— To leap (is *
horse does a mare), -.U? ^A. SeeCorer.
Leap, 8. XJa3 naitai, ijH kafiai. See
Jump, Spring. [.u**ir^ t^" ^^'^
Leap-year, Lm^^ mmat idbU^, *U
Learn, 9. (gain the knowledge of), Jx-
ta^aUam. To teach, JL^ ^aUam. Ta
teach and learn, Jju^ Jls ^offon w
ta^dhm. To learn by heart, laio- ^^
Learned, JU ^lim, As, c,,>^'v.Lg «atf
mu^m. See SkilM, Knowing.— A
learned man, Jlc Jsfy r<yW ^4/ib.
Learned men, ^Lsyi^ c^ls^f oMkahwa^'
^ifat, Ulc ^f«2(fmd, U^I>^ Mcibund. And
he had learned writing and reading, and htsterr
and grammar and pbilology, and arcberr; a^
he learned to play with the spear, and fie ^
learned horaemanflhip, and all that the §«&$ it
ttke kings required, k.s)\ <*-LkJ jl^
Learnedly, Jx J^ Ukd ^tlm.
Learning, «. Jlc ^i7ffi, ^yt.^ mtf^rj^
Af3 Jukm. See Knowledge, SdcDoe,
Skill.— Desirous of learning, Uxk^I^
tdlib ipm. A learner, Ju^Jj I«6m^
LEA
(775)
LEO
(^Jo^ mubtadi.
jeasBf i. (of a farm, etc.), j\p^\ qfdr,
To lease, jp^l Ajar. To take oa lease,
jpr^^ ^i&j^* [Strap.
Jeaah, «. juS kayd. See Band, Thong,
[least, adj. Ji0a\ oighar, J31 aJudf bol
adn& ; {ado. in the lowest degree), (Jof
^^ U adna md yakHn. At least, ^^
fffolaw.
Leather, jlf^ /liU (plur. ^^^ jtdad).
Horooco or Cordova leather, ^IcLsr*
sakhtiyan. Bed leather, jj>- hawr. A
leather sword-belt, cfl^l JOJ hand 09-
Moyf, A leather-dresser, 4U J dahhdgh.
See Tanner, Carrier. — To dress leather,
^tiddbagh. See Curry, Tan. A leather
seller, ^l^*^ cl^ hiyyH^ sakhtiydn,
j1>- cLj hayyd^jUd.
Leathern, A^ ^ minjild.
ELieave, ij\p^\ ifd%ai, ^ji «s». Leave to
depart, Juofl^ rukhiat, j^J dastUr.
See Permission, Allowance. — To ask
leave, i^jl^-t l,;^ taM tj'dsuU, ^^M^
jf^ J ialab dastUr. To take leave, &iSj
f<^ai2i20^. See Pare well. — To give leave,
5j^\ ^J^ (t^ta* ifdnai. See Permit.
I^eave, v. \lSj iaraiky ys^ hafar. See
Desert, Porsake, Belinqaish. — To be-
queath or leave at death, i^^ wahah,
^^^ toai9a\ To leave out (omit), Jn^\
ahmal. To leave a remainder of any
thing (to suffer to remain), ^Jj\ dbka\
To leave one's affidrs to another's care,
J\ i^jdU JLi 9attam ihuyMaho %la\ So
the ^dener chai^ged him to use the utmost
caution in concealing himself^ and he left him
and departed, ^Iaj ijl •; ,>,mJ\ «L»^li
Leaved (having foliage), jV^jf ^ Uho
awrdk.
Leaven, ij*^^ khamlrat [mukhtamir.
Leavened, ^4».sr* mtiAAammar, ^^.A;:^.cr^
Leaves (pi. of leaf), jj;;^^ awrdk.
Leavings, Cl^Lib hdkiydt, \j\Jb hakdyd.
Lecher, a. ^J,\J %dnl. See Whoremaster.
Lecherous, ^\i fdiik. See Lascivious,
Lustful. [wat wa JUk.
Lecherously, J**J, l^ Jj hikol skah^
Lechery, lecherousness, i^^ ahahwat.
See Lewdness, Lasciviousness.
Lection, iV^ kiraat. See Beading.
Lecture, a. t^lluw khitdh. A public lec-
ture, ^U c-i^lLfw khitdh ^dm. To lee-
ture, ^/m;^ darraa. A lecturer, (jm^X*
Led (|?ar^. ^lead), o\jLy9 munkdd.
Ledger, a,jiiti da/tar, j^^\ jii J daftar
al kahir. See Account-book.
Led-horse, a. Cioj yoio^.
Leech, a. ijilc ^alakat (pi. J^U ^aAiil*)«
Leek, «. Cj|^ kurrda.
Leer, «. 2[^j|j soura. To leer,' ^^ J Mawar,
Lees, J^ iahl,^^ ^akar. See Dregs.
Leeward, ,^J\ v::..-^ac? M^ orriA.
Left {part, of leave), df^y:^ matruk,
Left (not right), jLj yaadr, JU^ «Ai-
mdl To the left, JU/Jl J\ t^'
aahahimdl. The left wing of an army,
S^MiM^ mayaarat. To the right and
left, if*^^ iu^ty^. maymanat wa may*
aarat. Left-handed, ujf^/t*^ ^nurdwl.
I^g> «• J^^ «A^- Calf of the leg, LU
jUl hdt aaadk.
I^g&cji <• ^^ waaiyai. [tarakdt).
Legacies, l^jj tarakat (pL ci^l^
LEO
(776)
LEN^
Legal, ^j^^ d^V* tnuwdfik oihshar^f
^j^ ihar^. See Lawfdl.
Legality, 4^;^ Bahhat. See Lawfulness.
Legalize, r. ^^j^ ^^^^ ^malah4> »har^,
JL^hattal.
Legally, Ityl shar^nf )DL»- haldlan,
Legatary, «. legatee (one who receives
a legacy), ^ l<<^^ muwassa' Idho.
• Legator, b, ^^y muwassl. See Testator.
Legate, legation, (J^y* J^^ wakll mur-
9al. See Delegate, etc.
Legend (inscription), j^j rasm, ^j
rakam; (memorial, relation), ^l^l»-
hikdyat. See History, Chronicle. —
An incredible legend, ^Jutf;.7ll ^l^
hikdyat Id tutasaddak.
Legged, jL> a] 2eiAo «d^. To sit cross-
legged, j-jjy *x«3 ^^a(l ^ariic^, j-jy
Legible, cir;AiJ yunhari; t^y-^ mvhro^.
Legion, «. J^jy fa/rik, Jc^ >n<? (pi.
jlirj-1 ofwdflf), j^lt ^aJfir (pi. -ol^
^atc^d&ir).
Legislation, ^y liill ^o^ wada^ alkdnun,
^\^!t Jaj nmam ashshardyt^f «^^
^UmJ\ wada^ ashshardyi^.
Legislative, ^]^1 u^^ yukhvs ash-
ahardyi^, L5*iir** *^ray^f.
Legislator, s. fj^ shdri^, ^j^USl j-^\^
ashahardyi^. See Lawgiver.
Legislature, ^|^1<^«i^ ifyi ^fitra^ t(?a(7g
ashshardyi^.
Legitimacy, J1L>- Aa/aJ.
Legitimate, JL>- jjj t(uZ<M^ ^a/dJ. To
legitimate, J5U- jJ^ <jUii ^amdaho
walad haldL
the Khaleefeh had ffone forth with Jaafo^ t:^
IMIflS
her _
lane, and saw there an ola man with a m^ £xi
ffoni
Mesroor, and they had iMbssed thitvoirh
of the market-street^
Legitimacy, fj>^ hai, ^^s^ mMat
Legitimation, JlU- d^\ J-*^ fsmd *•
nako haldh
Legume, 5ya:>- thudrai.
Leisure, ^Lo^ /ur»at, <z^^^ wMj u*j
rawdkat, il^LoJ faddwat. And i^a
le forth
I iMiflsed
ther proceeded ale?
I ola man with anet£
basket upon his head^ and a staff in hk hn&l
walking at his leisure, and redting ihs
verses, -i-«j- wt 4 b ;l t^^ Jji Ui
^ ^l L5^ 1^'^=^ ^^y J'l'
Leisurely, at leisure, leisurahly, JL;
^^^j hikol rawdkat.
Lemon, «. ^mJ laymiin. Lemon joke.
^^^•JJf t« md <i^ 2aymiifi«
Lemonade, Ijlj^^J laymiknadd.
Lend, 9. (money), ^j<9^ karad; (goadi\
^Ic ^dr. To lend without intens;
v-iLa «a/^. [ib-i(e^,^^^ib« «ik»'.
Lender, *. ^^Xe mMdbyym, ijOjL9 m-
Length, J^ iul. The lengUi of tbf
neck, JpjJ! J^ ^/ a/ ^«iii. Lecgtii
of time, if J^ muddai, J\*ys^\ vntidi^
See Duration. — Length and hieidth,
ijOjC^ fjjb till ioa ^orJ. In leo^
and breadth, ^j^^ Ijt talan tea ^
dan. Extended in length, Jj^ «•-
tawwal, ^^^ tawiL According to tz^
length, J^\ v^,,.^-w hasah attiil. M
length,''!^ tulan, J^b hitt^. A*,
length, Oi^. \^^\ akhlnm.
Lengthen, v. (make long), ^JJW tmet^L
See Extend, Protract, — (to grow hoi: .
Lengthwi8e,^JIjt tulan, J^U W«/,
LES
(777)
LET
Lenienty lenitive (mitigating, softening),
^jlL« mulayyin. A lenient, lenitive,
^^^i^ mulayyin. [Assuage.
Lenify, v. ^ hyyan. See Mitigate,
Lent {part, of lend), jU^ mu^dr, ^^Jl^
makrud; (a time of abstinence), a^
j^f^^ sawm al JtaMr,
Lentil, «. (jmJx ^adas.
Leo (sign), AJi\ ^j) hufj al iud. See
Constellation, Lion.
Leonine, 4^«X«}f asadl.
Leopard, ». J^fahd,
Leper, 8. ^j\ abras.
Leprosy, ^j) haras.
Leprons, ^j)\ ahras. See Leper.
X/eas, JjI akk(d. More or less, Jil ^^\
dktar aw akkal. Less (in a lower or
smaller degree), ^x^t asghar.
X^essee, b, (one who takes a lease of a
farm), gg^Cr^M*^ mmtahrl. [grade.
Jjeasen, «. JU kaUal. See Diminish, De-
I^esson, «. (admonition), ^^Uaj luwZAa^,
<^jy'J tanhih, ^dac^ fnatr^osa^. A
scholar's lesson, {jmjJ dars. To receive
a lesson, {jmj*^ d^\ akhan dors. To
lesson or give a lesson, ^j^ darras,
j^^^J^Jac^ flcto' <for«. 0 my mis-
tress, I was not bom with onl^ one eye. I
haTe a verj wonderfiil stoTj, wluch, if written,
would serre as a lesson to him who would be ad-
monished, ^^t LZjSi^ tt \j\ vjj>,.;.>,lb
J^ ylb ^::^^ ^^-^ il^ ^^
X^essor, $. (one who gives the lease of a
farm), 4^-^ muiri.
I>8t, LS /ia/25, V %^- So when the
King heard the words of her brother his
reason fled, in consequence of his fear lest the
damsel should accept the proposal of her bro-
ther, and he could not preTent her, though he
was inflamed with lore of her ; wherefore he
became perplexed, in yiolent fear of her sepa-
ration, jlLlf^fwl ^K (JlXL«J1 w4iMd UlJ
^1^ JJ3 J ijj\J\ Jx lip. die
l^\^. So his mother said to him, Do
as thou wilt, but beware of speaking mdely to
him when thou addressest him, for tnou know-
est his yiolenoe of temper and his power, and
I fear lest he make a violent attack upon thee,
since he knows not the dignity of any one,
^1 UJU^I^ * ^UjLLi^ aiiU>- l^jJLJ
Let, V, (allow), ijlf^f 15^^ ^t^' ifdMatf
Zas>^j ^JasS a^* rakhsat,!:^ hhaRa\
See Permit, Suffer. — (to hinder), ^^
mana^ See Oppose, Obstmot, Forbear.
— To let, or let out for hire, ^j^ ham^y
j>'\ ajair* To let blood, v. a, ii^foMdy
v.n. tXt^l infasad. To let in, J^J
dakhkhai. See Admit. — To let out (al-
low to go out), ^}j^ f;W"^ \J^
a^ ijoMai lil khuriif. To let off a gun,
ifjjj\^\ ^^ kaunpas al hdr&di. See
Discharge, Gun. — ^To let slip an oppor-
tunity, Ji^j!i\ CL^y fawtaat al fur$ah.
Let, i^J^ mttkri* See Hired. He
therefore said to him, 0 king, let us return to
thy mother and acquaint her with the case,
and I will ask her to permit me to take thee
with me, and demand in marriage for thee the
Queen Joharah, l:xj CSLt U ^ JU5
Lethargic, (JL«i mbdtl, j^L^Li ghatihydn.
Lethargy, ci^L^ iubdiy c:.9LJ\ ^j^
marad assuhdt
Letter, «. (of the alphabet), t^Jj^ harf
LET
(778)
LEX
(pi. Ui-ij^ Atirfl/), The letters of the
alphabet, Lsrl uJj^;>- Aurft/ al hqfd ;
(written character), ^ij rakam (pi. a^j
rukam). To repeat the letters of the
alphabet, iVf^ tahajja\ Letter by
letter, uJ^c^yS^ Aoi^ ^' harf. A
letter (epistle), c,j>^^^ fl»aib^fi5, ^La^
rudlat. Friendly letter, ^^cr^ ^-^J»^
I9ki^^il5 muhabhat Boyal or imperial
letters, letters patent, ^l^yi ./Swinan.
Letters superscribed by the king's own
heaid,i^jJ^]a:Lkhat9harif. Consola-
tory letters, <LLj ^^ICt mukdHh tat-
liyai. Congratolatory letters, l^^UL«
<U:^ fnukaM tahniyat. Letter of at-
testation, notarial letter, i jlfl i^jS^
makHh ihahddat. Submissive or sup-
plicatory letter, d^^-Jx^\ ^jii^ mah-
tub tstirhdm. Letter of apology,
j\^\i^^:LtfMkiiiH^twar. Letters
of recommendation or intercession,
^ y^y (w-^jjLCf mukdtlh tawiiyai.
Threatening letter, Ju^ J^ ^f^ ^f^'
tub tahdld. A letter or bill of exchange,
^y^polma,ii\y>'hawSlat. See Ex-
change.— ^A letter-carrier, ^^yl^f JjU
ndkil (d makt^. See Carrier. — Send-
ing letters to one another, ^lLj|^ mu-
rdsalai, aLjlL« mukdtdbiU, A letter
sent by a pigeon, XilLj batakat. To
write letters, v,..^lC« 4.^ Jcatab mu-
iibd^f^. Tb break the seal of a letter, to
burst it open, i^fiji\ ^p^ CSa fah
khatm ol maktub. The forms of letter
writing, a collection of letters, luj\
insha. The corer of a letter, XjliJ
lifdfatf <^.it>« mughaUaf.
Letter, v. (stamp with letters), ^j
immi^jB^, ^J<^ vada^ tatk&n bi kr«/,
i-JyjO^. J^ ^Mtm bi htr^.
Lettered, Af v.^.^\^ #aM ^On. See
Learned.
Lettuce, ^^/«^ itA«f . [bUstd otAdbri.
Levant, ^^^^aL«J1 o/ mathrak^ j^l jl
Level, 0^^'. ,J^**^ mtuattah, li^ krii.
See Even, Fkt— To level, ^ Mtk,
\aJLj basMt. To be level, .^^}*
9dr nnuattah. To level ground, Jf^^
^ «S1 <aMa/ al ard. To level or taike
aim, ^luL*3 J^^ oibto nUk&%, Tolerel
a cannon, ^«X4]\ [j^ naythamdlmd-
fa^ L^f^Wjj^ horror atiawb.
Level, «. (plain), ^^^ Ju^ mlddnj Jf^as^-
SeePlain. — (rate, standard) ,jLt ^ipr,
^Jj loosit; (equality of rank, etCv
Mi ^1
djj\A^ mukdranat; (proportion),^U4
mundsabat, iliJl^ muwd/akaij oiL'
tasdtoi, ^lk« mtUdbaktU, The leTK
of a gun, ^yia^\ (^^^ ni^Adii o^toi
Levelled, ^"^ mtmUah.
Leveller, 9. J^***^ mu9attih.
Levelness, i\^\*u^ mtudwdt, \y:^\ ittiva,
ijyjjj ta9wiyat. See Equality,£^enn6&
Lever, «. ^i:L& ^a^M.
Leveret, 9. jJ^ ^^r^^ amah MoglAf.
Levite, 9, levitical, i^J Idvfi.
Levity, iiS^ khtffat. Levity of behavio&r.
£L>- khiffat, (w^^liJl ^Lc^ mtco^ 41^
kaUtib, See Inconstancy.
Levy, v. (troops), jL.m*£> A lam uuiar
To levy (collect) tribute or taxes, J
4jc^t Jtt fern m^/ olmiH.
Lexicographer, «. ^^M^Li t^g v.,>g*^ 0i»'
9annnif kdmu9.
LIB
(779)
UC
Lexicography, iiil\ Ar. ^i7m dlloghU. A
lexicon, lsM\ (^\zS kiM dlloghat,
^J^^jf UHyamdn, ^/M^li kdmHs.
Liable (not exempt), ^\ (jOjft^ mu^ad
tUff ^ JL>^^ ghayr idlm mm. See
Obnoxious. — Liable to indispoaition,
^j^ ^ t^^"**^ fnubtah /I marad.
Liable to eiror or mistake^ LLi!! d^-^oT
iaht ai ghalat.
Liar, $. <^il^ kduh, (^\ji taadh
(fern. i)J^ kdMtbai), To prove one a
liar, f^^ kanab. See Give the lie.
Libel, 8. ^w-;l2^ Ittdh haja. See
Satire,Defamation; Aocu8ation,Gharge.
To libeL See Satiriae.
Libeller, ^^s»-lj^ ^'t. See Satirist
Libellous. See Defetmatory.
Xiiberal (munificent), i<^ takkl, ^ J^
karim. Of liberal extraction, «— A£ i^
»har\f, -nOJiJI f^j^ karim al ^asr.
Liberal (polite), wjl c^^^^-L^ sahib
adah,
Xiberality, /^^ karam, Is*^ iakhd, i^\js!^
sakhdwatf J^ jud. See Generosity.
When fortune is liberal to thee, be thou liberal
to all others before she escape from thee ; for
liberality will not annihilate thy wealth when
she is faToonble, nor aTarioe preserre it when
she deserteth thee, U^ jJt cl^jU* I j\
moan her, while they sleep who are free from
lore ; and the winds of desire have made sport
with me! I haye sacrificed with liberality
my tears, my wealth, m^ heart, my reason,
and my sonl; and yet hberalibr is the gain
itself! The worst of all kinds of eyil and
Texation is hostility experienced from the
beautiful ! ♦ jiU ^^^1j ^H-ic ^y\
Liberally, /^^^ 0^ J^ hikoljudin wa-
karam, i^\sr* fjij likol sakh&ufot.
Libertine, t. (dissolute), ^|j %anltj>M
fdjW^jjt^ mu^ttar, ^JtJj fdsik. See
Licentious. — (irreligious), (Jj\:>^ mti-
ndfik. See Impious.
Libertinism (dissoluteness), if^f^ ahah-
wot, ^^ hawc^ ; (impiety), yi kufr,
jLbi fat&d,
^_ ss '*
Liberty, <0y>- hwrriyaL See Freedom.
— (exemption), 2flsU^ mu^fdh. See
Priyilege, Immunity. — (relaxation of
restraint), Jf&^t %U&k\ (leave), S)U-I
ifdaat, i^a^j rukhsat. See Permission.
—To set at liberty, j;ik1 aOak, fj^
khaUoi. See Free.
Libidinous, (J|^fM) «AAAtcrS»l. See Las-
civious, Lustful.
Libidinously, j^fl^jnuwi J^ hikol JUk
wathahwat. See Lasciriously.
Libra, ^^^j^\ ^j» hurj at misdii. See
Constellation.
Librarian, «. v,.^*X c\L hayyd^ kiUb.
Library, «. L^kuthiyat,ijiL^maktahat,
Libration, ZJ jU^ mu^ddakU.
Lice {pi. of loxue), J^ iam/. See Louse.
License, S^L»>- joidrai, ]/>>'\ ijtird.
See Liberty, Licentiousness. — (permis*
sion), ij^^ tjdnat, iias^j rukhoat,
^j\ 4m. See Liberty. — To license
(permit), ijU-t ^Jaet a^* ijdnat
Licentious, u,\ 4if» >♦ mtm^mtii&, «j:.JU
/sM, ^^L2i ihMkh See Insolent, Pre-
sumptuous*
Licentiously, 2^lL& jXi 5iib/ thakdtcat.
Licentiousness, if^lUi «AAbltmi^, a.
ia^ ^fdam dabt.
LIE
(780)
UG
Lick, V. (with the tongne), (^/^ laJuu^
^Jfi Ja^ai; (to beat), ^j^ darab.
To lick up, «Jlj hala^, t^^ ihiala^
See DeTOnr.
Lick or licking, «. (with the tongue),
^j^t^a^ lahs, 4u*c) Jahaat; (a blow),
i>^ darhat. Licked with the tongue,
(^^-sT* nudhiLi; (beat), L^jj.,a^
madruh. Anything licked (or that
may be licked), ^y^ malhiU, A
licker, ^^^m^S Idhit; (beater), l^j\^
darib.
Lickerish (nice in eating), ^ju^ f^f^h
hjJL 9haHh, See Delicate, Squeamish,
Ghreedj, Gluttonous.
Lickerishness, 9Ji» %hara1^iJb\jJ^ thar&hat.
Licorice, (jywj«i iiU, ^jayJiS J^ ^h
Lid, 9, {pi a yessel), Uai ghatd. See
Cover. — ^The eye-Ud, ^^^i>- jafn (pi.
^U>-t ajfdn). The hair of the eye-
lids, ^^^\jJiit sha^ aljafn.
Lie, «. c-^ j^ i^tsd. To giro the lie, t^d^
hauah. To lie or tell a lie, <^d^ keub.
Lie, V. (recline), ^Sj\ attaka\ JJuJ to-
maddad. See Lean, Best. — To lie hid,
Jgj>A %kJUafa\ To lie in prison,
^^MM^U Jue ib^a^ 3iZ hobs. To lie
down (take repose), -.1^1 utardh.
To lie under (to be subject to), ^^^}
ibtM, To lie upon (become an obli-
gation or duty), fj>^J^ sdr hdk. To
lie with (as man with woman), ^U^
Lieutenant, «. aIL« ^IS idytm ma^m,
wjU ndyibf ^^^ wdkll (pL )i^^ fru-
1»^) ; in the army, d^jLt mtd&tim.
Lieutenancy, lieutenantship, ii\j niya*
hat, 4)1^ wdkdlaL
I
JMe^jAs- ^flMir, JL>- isySt. The prfr-
sent life (this world). JU1 \ jj^ ibdn
a/ ^lam. The life to eome, Tux'
iFjLJjJl «/ ikiyd^ a/ ^aUduk. A k^
life, ^^/^ ^MMT ^flvll. To ezpQK
one's life, AjU^^U^ iAd^tfr^^w-
tiAt. We liyed upon the earth a banyj Hii.
. united in fellowahip and in abode and hsas .
bnt fbitnne, with its changes, parted ns bm
each other, and now the gimYe-dothes bin
united us ! _3 ifi^^^ ^ji^ l<^ ^^
^^^f IfJai ^. Thy mghta pass c£
at a rapid paceTbut thou, as I see, art yaaA-
m^ m thy coarse; whereas if tlioii badBt kt*
wise in the time that is past of thj life, tk»
- -y
wonldst haye exchanged viee for
igoiiJ t« (Jam u:
Lifeless (inanimate), (y*>- 4lL« ndZsto
Am, CSy^ji^^ ghayr muUJmrriL
j^l>- jdmid. See Dead. — (wither,
power or force), Sp dlU mdlo^iusMt
Lifelessly, i\^j^ ^ mm ghayr kaguk
Lifetime, j^\ is^ muddai al ^
Lift, V, (lift up), ^j rafa^,
sab. See Elevate, Baise, Exalt.— Tc
lift up one's voice, ijy^^J^, uifif*
»a%otaho.
Lifted, lifted up, 9 ^|/« marfu^. Lift^i
up with pride, ^Jj^ muUkkubhiry %% Jt^
maghrar. SeeAirogant — ^A lifter, «J^
rdfi^.
Ligament, 9, 43u3 kagd. See Bond, Ctak,.
Ligation, ligature, S^J da^temiy i^\\i^
mundsa^t. See Ligament
Light (by which we see), jy nur, LJ
digd. The dawning lights ^si? fipr.
See Dawn.— The ruddy light of the
IIG
(781)
UK
evening crepuscle, ^^^a^ Bhafak, To
bring to light, J^jH ^\ j^\ ashar
%U al toujad. To come to light, j^
Jy»-jJJ ulwr m untfud. Light (in-
struction), ii-^^lJ tdM, jfAju ta^m,
LjjJ iwrhiyat See Knowledge. He
has missed not who gave thee the name of De-
light of the World, 0 thou who art possessed
of both delight and liberality ! 0 thou whose
countenance smpasses in beauty the fhll moon,
and whose face diffuses light OTcr all exist-
ing beings ! ^j^\ CA**-j ^ ^Jl:>-U
^^^\ jyji * ip-^ fc/jJl jjJl ijiie\j
liight (Incid), jy>^ munwir. See Clear,
Bright. — (not heavy), fc-flji.< khaflf.
Light-minded, unsteady, (jmjU? Uyuh,
See Inconstant, Trifling.
Xight, 9. (set on fire), J«^ iha^. See
Inflame, Kindle. — To light (from a
horse or carriage), j^l-a«^ ,^^ ^ J^
neul min ^M al hU&n. To light (as
a bird on a tree, etc.), 9y^\ ^J^ (Jj3
netel ^M Msojara. To light or fall
upon by chance, ^JojA ^ad, ^j wa-
ka^ fjSii\ atia/ak,
r^igbted (as fire, etc.), J^«m«^ nuuh^.
Lighten, v. (flash with thunder), jy
barak; (to shine like lightning), j^
harak; (to illuminate), ^y nau?wari
(to exhilarate), ^Iclt ^ hahaj al
khatir. Be jnst as thou wilt, and aay what
thon pleasest; and lighten to the rignt, and
thunder to the left, lt ^^j-A uJ^ ^^
X«ight-footed,yL^\ ^j^ »arl^al mashu.
Ijight-headed,^yt«L« math^ltr.
Xtight-hearted, j^L^yi farhdnf jy
nuur^r. See Cheerful, (hj, Merry.
Light-house, «• jjli^ mandrat (pL^L^s
fnanaylr), ^j»,y\s finHs.
Lightly (without weight), ^L^ JG hikol
Ithiffat, l.B j.flrw khaflfim; (without
cause), L^^«MM))b &t2a aahab, i^^^^y h
hild mHjib; (not chastely), f^Lft )L
3t2^ tahdrat; (without steadiness), h
Light-minded, JijJf uJ^ itAi/V*^^
^ai/. See Light.
Lightness (want of weight), ii^ khiffat.
Lightning, ^ hark. Lightning darting
along in the form of a chain, ^^..j ttl^
9Qat. [See Lungs.
Lights, «. j\y /Hc^dc? (pi. ifjui\ afyidat).
Lightsome (exhilarating), ^[^jifarhdn,
^ X« mufrih. See Ghiy, Cheerful. —
(notdark),jfy^mim«w'. See Luminous.
Like, adf. Ji/t miil, fj^ tnoAl, (J^^y
muwdjikf J^Ua^ mutdbik, dj\jL^ mu-
thdhth, JjU/s mu^dil. See Equal,
Besembling, Likely. — ^To be like, ^LSi
shdhah. See Eesemble. [semblance.
Like. See Likeness, Similitude, Be-
Like, adv. Jl/f misl, (Ji^ kamuil. Like
the first, J^Jl^ kdldwwal. Like a bird
in a cage, ^^iMl\ ^jA^^ kattlr fil
kafat. Like writing on the water
(leaving no trace behind), ^Le ^Jikit^
Ul^ kannaksh ^M al md. In like
manner, U^ kamd^ u^ j^ kaudik.
Like, V. ^^dMA^Ui! utahsan. See Approve,
Choose, Love.
Likelihood, JU&gwl Mimdl. See Pro-
bability. Appearance.
Likely (probable), J««C3r^ muhiamal;
(probably), Ja«U c^yf ibrf J W^nJM.
Liken, t?. See Compare, Bepresent
Likenessi ijy iHrai, iJ^l^J tamsilf
Lnr
(782)
LDT
tMbK^u^ ioMiJh i^^JL^ mmhShOmi.
See Similitade, Appeanmoe, Fona.
likewise, ^LLi\ ayian, ilXli^ imalik.
See Like manner.
Liking (approbation), ^Lm^UiI uiikidn,
^^jiu^v tahnn. See Inclination.
Lilj, «. ^^y^ Htion, fjJj vmbdk.
Limb, %.yas. ^VL (pL Loci 0^({^). Dis-
abled in the limbs, ya!i\ f^^^A^ makl9L^
(d^ad^. A limb (edge, border), c^^-
j'dnib, Lj^\>- hdshnfai.
Limbeck, Jm^I an^U. See StiU.
Lime, ^^mK ibZf. Lime or birdlime,^ J
dibk. Lime (a sort of lemon), 4^^^
layman. To lime. See Cement^ Plaster.
— ^To ensnare with birdlime, CS***^
JjjJb^l.A£ mes^ ^asetflr Mdtbk.
Lime-tree, «. f^^Jij najftafan.
Limit, 4X>. hadd. See Bounds, Border. —
To limit, JtX»» haddad.
Limitation, J^^Xa^ tahdid, tX»>. Aa(2e^.
Limited, J^J^s^ mahdud, J«Xs^ muhad-
dad, JA^Lt muiahaddad.
Limpid, t*il-<» «fl/f.
Linden-tree, ». jj^^jij «»yw/fe«.
Line, 9. L^ i^Aif^^ (pi. l^^iarL i&^^il^),
^jLl.4 «a^r ; (a small cord), (J^^^- hahl.
The line, the equator, \^i\ L^ hhait
al iattwd. The equinoctial line, LsL
J Jcjc^ A;A«^^ mu^tadU, A right line,
^fl5^^ lr>. it^f ^ mustaTclm, A paral-
lel line, i^J^y^^Lsw ^A^^^ mu^ei^te^asi.
A curved line, ^^'-^<^ «£>- Ithatt mt<n-
^nl. A crooked line, ^y^ a^ i^^^^
mu^awwaj, A circular line,^JCuwy^L£>^
khatt mtistadir. A perpendicular line,
jy^xLfw ^Aa^^ cami2<^. A diameter
line, ^^\L:>- khaU ui%wd,JaJ katr.
Badial lines, radii, JLcU^ )o^a:^ ik-
M^ tib^d^iya^. Any line or mazk in
writing which points to an intcdiaei-
tion 9r error, ILf^^ L^ Uo^c/Us^
The foundation lines of a house (maibd
on the ground), ^j ramn^ Lines a
the palm of the hand, j^ 9mr, j^jJ<
asdrir. A fishing line, ij^ nmun.
A line of a book, Ja^ satr. A fise.
Terse, or hemistich, 9^^"^^ miard^ i
line, lines (military trenches), ^^^j^
matdrU. A line of battle, (.J^ tid
(pi. i^yLa 9ufuf). See Battalia.—
Afamiljline, lineage, J^mJ na^, c^^
ftOM^, jJuwuLi nUtlah, J^l os^; (ts£-
way), JjiX^t ia£;- AAa^ oJ AoiM, Jijs
Line, 9. (a garment), ^JSa) hatUm^
Lined, 4^;L*<« mubaitan. To line witli
fortification, ^^y^^^- kauem, J.^^^
Lineal, linear (composed of lines),^^k>
khututitioM*^ muiattar. Lineal (
logical), ^X^\ asll, ^JUJ natU.
Lineally (in a direct line), ^^
hMattin mustakim.
Lineament, ^jLst asdfir. See Featoit.
Linen, . .jl::^ hUtdn,
kimnih. See
Cloth, Plax. — A linen doth wrapped
round the middle when bathing, ZJ J
A\,^\futat al hatnfndm, [mbdpk).
Lingot, ». <ciLyrf iohikai (pL <JiX[L<
Linguist, s. ij^ iZj\j& Ua^ mu^tdka
logh&t kaaJrat,
Liniment, aJ^ marham, ^jy^^ ibiUs.
See Balsam, Ointment.
Lining (of a garment, etc.), £Uaj Hid-
fiat Having lining, ^Jiau^ mMhaitm,
Link, «. (of a chain), jij^ Zfil»- kah-
LIP
(783)
LIT
kat janstlr. The links or rings of a
coat of mail, ijjj taradat; (a torch),
JjLwtu« nuuh^, r-W>^ miihdh, A
link-boy, ,^^5^*^ maah^^.
m
Link, V, (concatenate), ji^^ J-4X ^a-
maljamlr. See Connect, Join, Unite.
Linseed (lintseed), ^^\jyi hi%r al
hUtdn. Ifatllat,
Lint-stock, s, (for firing cannon), <LLi3
Lint, i^m\9 ktnnib. See Flax. — ^Befuse
of lint, c,^v^\ 4jIuL« muihdkat al
kmnib. \tahat fawhdniyal.
Lintel, 9. (over a door), ^^y ^^s^ ^^
Lion, «. Oud! <w(f, w^ M^^. Lion-like,
y onl\ Jl« mu/ asiob^. The lion of
the faith, ^;£j3^ Ju>l oiadaddin. The
lion of the state, ^jjJI Ju?1 Mdi ad-
dawlat. The lion of God, i^\ Ju^t
otoi 0?/aA. (These are often conferred
as titles of honour.) The lion's nose
(two stars so called), s^\ i^JuS anfal
amid. And while be was journeying on
through the deflerts and wastes, there came
forth upon him a lion, whose neck was closely
corered with hair ; and his head was as large
as a cupola, his month wider than a door,
with teeth like the tusks of the elephant,
lia iJtJ^ JJljJXX^ izJi% «..«i4 ilIa
AMJUtt 0 ..lUAfcJ ft,K..A •TT^ ft.»g>i7j
^Ljlj S-'Ut ^^ wu^t iUij iJi\ jSi
i^>^\ ^\iJ^ J^- So he began to
say to him« 0 lion of the forest ! 0 lion of the
plain ! 0 bold lion ! 0 father of the children !
O sultan of the wild beasts ! Jyb ^j^
I ^ M MM* M
Lioness, «. i^^ labwat (pi. (-^^^^ lahtodt).
Lip, «. ^ Bhiffat (pi. 2rli:» «A»/dA).
The lip or edge of anything, ^ /tfm.
See Brim.— Full to the lip, ^\ JU
J maldn «ia' ^umtnaA.
Liquefaction, c^^jJ tMwih, JJi^
Liquefiable, <---^«Jcj futadawwah.
Liquefy, r. (-jrjfc> dawwah; (to become
liquid), c^f J ^^5.
Liquescent, S-^^J^ ffadili.
Liquid, ^U mdyf^, c^^ J c^yti^. To
render liquid, <-^J (^M^trod. See
Liquefy.
Liquid, «. ^U mdyt^. See Liquor.
Liquidate, 9. (pay debts), CL^ULuCf I Ju^
rMoi al hiididt.
Liquor, U mA, j-jU mdyt^. See Water.
— To macerate, soak, or dissolve any-
thing in liquor, ^ naka^, J». hal ;
(strongdrink,spirituous liquors), <--->|J<
thardh, k^jf^^ ^nhari.
Liquorice, (jw^ iHa.
Lisp, V. c«>! laiagh.
List, «. (catalogue), Lij^ fahrasat, JujU
kdyfMttj^jJ dafiar; (enclosed grounds
for combats or tilts), ,^^Ju^ miii^ii
(P^* c;i[^V* m^diin) ; (border of
cloth), jU^ ^>t47r, L^Uk. hdshiyat.
See Border ; a2f 0 Strip ; Desire, Choice,
Willingness. — To list. See Enlist;
Desire, Choose; Enclose.
Listen, v. ^a^ wme^, ^m^\ tslama^,
^^«ywJ iasamma^. See Hear. [mt^.
Listener, a, ^aSm^^ mustami^, w«Li id-
Listening, t. cUo^l utimd^, cU^ iamd^,
Listenmg, part. ^4.-;.***^ mtutami^.
Listless, JJLc phdJU, jji is^u^ U md
^ndahofark, IiclcII Jjj kalll al t^tmd,
Ja^ mtiAmil. See Careless.
Listlessly, JUjbl Ji^ 3iM tAmd/.
Listlessness, JUftl lAmd/.
Literal, ^^ har/%, JaU lafih ^^
LIT
(784)
LO
atU, The literal meaningi i^yi
mff^fta' la^hawi. [^Li^ haffyan.
Literally, i-J/aC ^*— i;>" harfin hi harf,
Literati, Uic ^vlamd. See Learned men.
Literature, L^Ji\ Jx. aim al adah, iiyu*
ma^fat. See Learning.
Litharge (of gold or silver), CS^y ffuir-
idk, ulxi«dlj^ mard&Mmk,
Litigant, «. (one engaged in a lawsuit),
miindit^. Litigant, litigating, ^1 J^
mtN^d^f, 9 J^ mtfiidft^.
Litigate, v. ^f J dSi^^ e jU fidsa^,
^Ifi^ MoMm, ^^j^ ^oitdsa^il.
Litigation, h/^^O <20^fri, or f^ J dld^t^d,
^jL/t mundta^at, Ames3^\ ikhtisdm,
ifiifrd/a^a^. See Lawsuit.
Litigious, 9j^ mund%i^, cip «^^r>-l.g
sdhih nizd^. See Quarrelsome.
Litter (carried by men), i3\s^ muhdffat,
fjA^sr^ mahmal; (carried by camels or
elephants), ^t^^ hawdaj.
Little (in quantity), JJi hdtil] (small),
^-JLtf Boghlr. To be or become little,
^yj hH, j^^Jl^ Jl^ %dr Boghlr. And
thereupon he arose and walked forward a little
and little, still concealing himself; and Ood
yeiled him, so he took the dress, and not one
of them saw him, for they were playing to-
gether and laughing ! aU 'CJ^J
iS\\j:^^ (.
y^3 ^ Mj y^^^
Little, 9, (small part), i^^j^jvmcl\ (a
small space of time), <C.S.gJj daJAhat,
^Joj^ lahutL See Moment.
Littleness, ^^^ $ighar. See Smallness,
Meanness.
Lituigy, «. ^/maL tah.
Live, 9. (to be alive), ^l& ^dtk. To
live in a place, ^^^ Mibm. See Dwell.
— ^To live well (voluptuouslj), ^i-^^-^*
tana^^m. To live cr cohabit with,
Livelihood, jjj ml;, ^L*.^ aMi&diii.
And I remained with him three da ji, thai he
said nnto me. Dost thou not know asy tnde
by which thon mayest gain, thy liri^kood^
Ut _J JUi f\i\ i^\j JTjc^ tj: .^Vi
Liveliness, ^^\ )o\J^ nashdt aUai'^
ij\j^ hardrat. See Vivacity, Spiig^t-
liness.
Livelong. See Tedious, Durable, Lasting.
Lively, WUj jCi hiM nMh&i. See
Brisk, CheerM.
Liver, «. (one who lives), ^^Ic ^dyui.
The liver, Ju^ hihd, jIm mu^Jdk,
Livery. See Badge.
Lives {pi. of life), jUxt a^mdr.
Livid, ^l^ MM, ^l^ itfi^O.
Lividity, lividness, i^ kahdwaL
Living (alive)j ^j>. hay, Eva* living.
Lixivial, J^mjcU jX^j l« md ramdd Iti
ghafHl\ (to wash with), i^\kji fe-
ghdday S^j ramdd. See Lye.
Lizard, «. \jciji ^\ aha hvrofi, ZL^
^/k*^twuJl hay gat aihihamt,
Lo ! 1 J^U hdhwatd. See Behold. Asi
while we were npon that island, eating cf is
fruits and its herbs, and drinking of th« iiTcrs
that were there, lo, there appeared to os as
inhabited house in the midst of that is] *
and we went towards it, ^js^
LOG
(785)
LOF
Load, i. J-#»>- haml. See Burden. — A
court-yard in inns, etc., where they
load and unload beasts of burthen, ^U-
khdn. A bearer of loads, J^l>- hdmil,
Ju^ hammdl. To lay down a load,
J^i^M Jjj nanal al haml.
Load, V, Ji^k>- hammal. To load a can-
non, ^sJ\ l!/j dak al madfa^
Loaded, J-4«^ muhammal, J^U. hamil.
Loader, 9, ^^a^os^ muhammtl.
Loadstone, t. ^^^\Jl^ ma^hndtU. See
Magnet.
Loaf, i.J^i^J^j raghlf khub%. See
Bread — Sugar-loaf, ^c-Jli halih
Mtikar,
Loan, s. (of goods), ^Uc ^iyarat; (of
money), ^j^^ to-i?, ^J (io^.
Loath, adj. See Unwilling.
Loathe, v. ^jM haghad, s^ tereh. See
Hate, Detest [Detestable.
LiOathM, 2r.^ tnakruh. See Hateful,
:K>athing, s. Lib\J iardhiyat, if\J::J\
tstikrdh, [able,
loathsome, n^J^ mahrnh. See Detest-
lOathsomeness, iyo nafraty Ljb\^ hard"
hiyat,
oaves, Jj^ lk£j\ arghifat khub%.
obby, 9. iSuLa 9akifat
obo (of the liver, etc.), Julr, ri^dmat.
>bster, 9. v^^ac^^UkLa M/Za^dn 3a^,
>cal, vJlLi makdnf, ,Jl«^ mahaUl.
reality, ^IC« makdn, ^lL« makdm,
Jn^t^ mahal, ^^y mawda^
»cally, ^UUJIj 5i7 maten.
cation. See Placing, Situation.
ck, «. (of a door, etc.), JiS kufl (pi.
JUSia^/dT). Lookofhair,JLjfjMaaA
pl« c^j J sau^dyid). And the broker
pnooTered her face, wheroapon the place wai
illuminated by her beauty; and there hung
down seren locks of hair, reaching to her
anklets, like the tails of horses, ^imii
JiX\ 'UU l^j ^ JJ jJl
Look, V. Jaj jki/a/. See Shut up, Con-
fine ; Unite, Join.
Locked, JIL« mukaffal, Jik.^ munkaJU.
Locksmith, 9. t^^jLi^a 9ankari.
Locomotion, ^j^ harakat, i^,^j^\
ufji^\ i^jUl almarkdb anndri alharri.
Locust, 9. ij\jP^ jarddat.
^^^1 V- (affording one a temporary
dwelling),2riX:u& XlLj 9akkanaho ^indaho,
^^^j} natdaho fx bagtthi; (to
reside), jL» 9akan. See Dwell.— To
lodge at an inn, ^jjl^^\ ^ Jjj nntl
fll hkdnda. To lodge with any per-
son, ^^ ^^^ 9akan ma^
Lodge, 9. u:.^ hayt. See House.— (a
small house), jJua wr^ hagt 9aghlr.
See Hut.
Lodged, ^Ju9 mu£fm, ^^^^ tdi^fi.
Lodgment (accumnlation or collocation),
^^i^'jam^l (possession of an enemy's
work), J Jjill (jMjjli^ l3u«0 daht maidrU
al ^adaw. [ JjjJ noMlL
Lodger, «. ^^^ Midfm, jiL^ musdjir,
Lodging, «. Jj:^ tnanml, ^IL« moitoii.
Loft, i^J? tahakat. See Floor. — A
cock-loft, Xj^^^ ^^ tabaikat al/dto-
kdniyat.
Loftily (haughtily), Ji^ httakabiur,
I^JG ^i^b; kahriyd, iaic JG
^i^/ ^Moma^. See Proudly. —(on
high), ^U ^ICiJ (f makdn ^dll. See
Sublimely.
60
LON
(786)
LOW
LoftineaB (haughtiness), JSj takahhur.
See Pride.— (height), ^^j^ %rti/d^.
Lofty (haughty), ^S^^ mutakahMr,j^jk^
maghrHr. See Proud. — (high), ^JU
^a/f. And after that it descended with me
gradually, until it alighted with me upon the
earth, and rested upon a lofty spot, Aiu^
JU j-i^ ^ICt ^ L»^j Jiji\
Loggerhead, t. ^^^-^ haywdn, ^ju^
tay9, Ju»^ himdr. See Blockhead,
Dance. {al manttk.
Logic, ^^k^ manitkf ^jkx^It Juk ^t^m
Logical, ^ \i\^ tnantaki, JlxS c->^am1^
^h;4>ll m<ifMil5 la^ilm al maiUik,
Logician, ^jla:^ Jl«^ mtf^n/Ztm maniik,
Jiia:^ mantakl.
Loin, «. loins, c^Lp mJ^. [To he idle.
Loiter, v. ^Ji^lC iakdsaL See Linger,
Loiterer, «. |J«jUcj« mutakdtil, ^^mS
koildn. See Idler. [Lingering.
Loitering, JUjbl t'AifuS/, Jm«^ ^o/. See
Lone, lonesome, lonely, J^ix/» mtmfarid.
See Alone, Solitary, Single.
Loneliness, loneness, i^S^ kkdhDat. See
Solitude.
Long (not short), (Jd J^ tawih Long and
hroad, \j^„fy tJi^ teM7f / wa^rid. A
long time, i! jj Jl^ i!jL« muddat madldat.
To he or hecome long, J^ tuwel. To
make long, JjL tawwal, J-[^ <0u«^
^amalaho tawll. Long ago, ^«x« ^
4jj^ mm muddat tawllat, A long
way off, Jujo ha^d. See Distant. And
when his wonder at the bird that he saw in
the island increased, he remembered a story
which trayelleni and voyagers had told him
long before,t^ jilylla! 1 ^ *j^ jljUS
^°& ^- J^^ wUdifc. See Desie,
Wish for.
Long-hoat, v, u-^U h&fib. See Bosi
LongeTity, Jjt <ii;,^1£]^ tvUi^
^fimr. \tawilal§^^^
LongimanuB (long-handed), i^ jU)1 Ji^
Longing, t. ^j^ rughhaty ^yZ» jAwi,
^Ui^^ uhtiyai. See Desire. Inqoiiv
of my letter what my pen hath written, t^
the characters will acquaint thee wish w}
transport and anguish and sufferings^ Hy
hand is tracing the letters while my tesis aa
flowing, and my longing complaineth of wr
sufferings to the paper. Mj tears eeaee ste^
pouring upon the paper ; should they st(» se
of exhaustion, tearsof blood would repiaoetheB,
^ K^ Jll^ *S^ cr» u-^.
■M*«.
urV
_.«Jj IfLiujfL The remembraiiee :^'
my beloved cheereth me in my solitude, sti
dispelleth my desolate feelings iu
fountain but that of tears, which, flowii^ frjz
my eye, assuage my anguish, ^J^
* Jyj i^jAsT ^yj^. My longing b
riolent ; none like it existeth ; and the ^^
of my love and affection is woaikr^^
f^ W^' v/ «^-^^- Ip«8 =
night with sleepless eyelid, and walk is 7
passion between Hell and' Pi
sessed becoming patienoe, but have I
and love's only gift to me if <£
LOO
(787)
LOO
the pain of separation from her, and longing
hath changed my aspect and form,
* ^jy^3 L^^ \J^^^^ • -AJid my eye-
lids are wounded' by my tears, the flowing
of which I cannot preyent, j^Li->-\j
* ,J=^«^*> ^^j^ • My Btrength is im-
paired, and I have lost my heart; and how
many griefs in saocession haye I soffSered!
\j ^^ * iC^J^ 0\yi\^ Lj^^ J^*y^
* icjj OkJO ^j) ^i\ , And my heart
and my head are alike aged by the loss of
a mistress, and most beantifnl of mistresses,
I jLa j^;**-^3-l f^j**^^ ^ J jL» . In spite
of her oar dinunction took place, and her
only desire is to find and meet me,
* J^V 4^ *^' ^*^^ fortune, after
separation and distance, grant me the enjoy-
ment of union with my beloved, l.^
of estrangement after opening it, and efface
my trouble by the comforts of meeting ?
* jr/J ^ ^^ A>^\ ^[^ ^^^j
JLjIi cjI>.|^ i^ys^j',. And
-O A
shall my beloyed be my cup-companion, and
my griefs he eichanged for pure delights F
Longingly, jLi--l Jij hikol ishtiyak.
Longitude, J^ tiU, A degree of longi-
tude, J^l ^j^ darajat attal
'^ong-suffering. See Patient; abo Clem-
ency. [*»«a/.
;«oxigvay8, longwise, "i^ tulan, J^b
xx>by, J^ taJal, Li ^5a. See Clown.
joak, v.Joj tunar; (to be circumspect,
vigilant), ikiUjl J ddr h&laho. To look
for (expect), Ja^\ intamr. To look
into, ijo^ iafahhoi. See Examine.
— To look on (respect, regard), ^^-o^l
i^tabar. See Esteem. — (to be a spec-
tator), ^^\j rati, jj^L^i %h&haA, To
look out (seek, search), ^j2ci faWuih ;
(to behold),^ ncauur. To look through
half-shut eyes, las) fa^ <— ^ (-^
4^«Jt ^aZ20^ W ^of ^aymhi. Look !
^^loj! tmstir. And on one of those days
when he collected the people to play with the
ball, the daughter of the Wezeer sat at the
lattice- window to amwe herself by looking at
them.
cJL^Ji ^yjij^K The day
r
departed from me, and I began to walk along
the yalley, looking for a place in which I
might pass the night, ^tfJl J^ JJi«
Look,^ fUMor. See Sight. — (appear-
ance), Ars-j tffofh, ij^ turat, Jo:^
mantar. See Countenance.
Looker, looker on, s. Jff\j nazir. See
Spectator.
Looking-glass, b. V\y mirdt.
Loom, 8. (for a lady), ^***^ mansaj;
(for a wearer), Jy nat^/.
Loose, 1^. (untie), C^fah, J^ M; (to
disengage, set free), ^jii^ khallas. To
loose a knot, ir jjuJI ^J». hoi al ^kdat.
To loose the belly, J^! im^i/. See
Looseness. — ^To loose a belt, CX* fak.
To loose and tie, laj^^ J:>- Aa/tt?0 rahat.
Loose (unbound, untied), J^U:^ maMul;
(relaxed), ^^jx**^ muttarkhl; (hang-
ing down), jSjf^ mu^dOah ; (indeter-
minate), ^ji^ jJi glmyr mu^ayyan^
J^j^^j^l^kayrmahdad. See Vague.
LON
LoftineflB (hanglitiiiess), ^ UAdbhur.
See Pride.— (height), ^j\ irtifd^.
Lofty (haughty), ^^-ia^ mutahthiir,j^jM^
maghrHr. See Proud.— (high), ^JU
•
tan. And after that it descended with me
ghidiially, until it alighted with me upon the
earth, and rested upon a lofty spot, ^^
Loggerhead, «. ^ys^ haywSn,
tay^t jU^- himdr. See Bl' ^^
Dance. ' Jcity),
Logic, jJfl^ mawttk, jia: ,cy), ^jo:
Logical, ^^Siai^ mantaJfi ^^^ ^r^\ ^^
jlaiJl man<a5 ^t^^'^t oi chastity).
Logician, jk^ jJ*^ aUahdrat, i^
^Jik^ mtfii^l -j^uteness.— (a diar-
Loin, «. loins, c ^-/^ J ^n. To have
Loiter, 9. s^* /ji\ insahal. See Flux.
Loiterer, 8 ^/'^offoness, J^l iuhai.
\jjJi\
Loiteri'
Lone
"kaddn, ^ ,
y]jk^^ See Out.
(i«ci^J» ^Kll if^ kasirai al laldm,
J 8, (English title), J^j) lord, (as
^eral qualification), tW iayyid, "iy
or ^y fiMwU. My lord, i^ju^^U
yd saypadl. My Lord (to God, etc.),
j<jjb yd ni55{; (or My Lord and
God), ^\^ ^^ b yfi ro^M «^a iJ/aAf.
See Sovereign" Gorernor, Baler, Master,
Noble. Then, when the event appointed by
the Lord of all creatures, the Lord of the
earth and the heavens, befell us, I said, 0
•companions in arms and soldiers, can ye pre-
vent that which hath befallen me from the
mighty King? t-^ (►^W Jj-* ^
(786) L0» '
Long, V. jWf ^\ ^r^^f"
Wish for. i / ' ^^, Jji^\f^
Long-bo?' ^ijtiiii. See Donuneer,
Longff
^* '-. osed to find), ^ *vy«l.
^ .togain),yi-^ii*««r. TokK
d labour, lL^ ^ ^ ^i
5d/a. To lose the way, Jiji\i, i^
dd^hiltarik. See Wander.-To Ik
hope, \s>'J\ jiaS iaia^ arraja, [fw-
Loser, «. ^^ mudayyi^ u!/**^ ^
Loss, ^jeisij nakt, jji darar^ i;l*»> ^
9drat, (^|/**s^ ife^wraii. SeeDeprin
tion. Destruction, Miss.— To be ai »
loss, jl>- Adr.
Lost, JjAA^ mafkudf ^U ({ayt^, u^:<^
ghdyib. To be lost, ^U <ia^.
- « "*
Lot, 8. K^^^M^ noAb, <U«J ihiiffui^, ^
AmmA or h%8iat\ (dice), it/hfff
See Luck, Fortune, Portion.— To as
or draw lots, Axy ^-^^ rams'inft^
Lote (tree), jyJ^iJ^ Awkfafci "R^
Egyptian lote tree, i^/-^^ J^**^
handakuk misri.
Lotion, uJJa^ to^f/. See Washii^
Lottery, «. <Lc^ ibir&aA, v»^<«*<i3)^J^
naM.
Loud, v^J Jbwl. See Koisy, Clamoroft
Turbulent—A loud wind. lJJ^ 'f
hawd^diif. See Wind.— A loud tok«^
Lough, «. .^^!Lfi;- kha^f\ jU^ %^
LoTe, J-i^i: ^ishk The love of a«^
country, J^^\ uI-^>. W4 «/ ^^
To be in love, J-i^it ^MiW. See lite
Esteem, Yalue.— Distractedlj ifl ^'^
^jii^ Jh^U ^d#Aii jfu^fHs.
f
lOV
(789)
LOV
t^
'V.
%
xV
_• « •
^Mt. For the lore of
' n Mil/ iKoA/iwy^
A loTe-letter,
^hk. Like
» 4.4
•;
'V
\'N^
'ng and de-
«e ijB not
.Ue it ii
uown. The
like the morn-
night of my de-
%
^Lm^ (*1/^^ ly * ^ ™7 mistresB, I am
an sdmonifiher unto thee, and one who has
great mt«reet for thee ; know then that lore ia
difficult, and the concealment of it would melt
iron, and occaaion diseases and infirmities, and
the person who reveals loye is not obnoxious
to reproach, ^^ clx) ijf i2,
^U^ j»UJHj (>5/**' ^ji^ jjjlslII
j^JU ^5^b ^^j-u ^. Love, at its
commenoement, is Kke running saliya; but
when it has gained ascendancy, it is like a wide
Uuj^^ ^yst^ j^ f^^^' I wrote with a
heart deroted to thinking of thee, and with a
sour eyelid abedding tears of blood, and a body
clad by ardent longiuff and smtow wiUi the
garment of leanness and affliction. I complain
to thee of the torment of my lore, and the
complete exhaustion of my patience. Be kind,
then, and faTourable, and merciful and in-
dulgent, for my heart is breaking through the
Tiolence of my love for thee, us^.,i,r>,^
S^*^ V c;^ ♦ k/^^ y^^h ^^^
^oSoi 4^^b. O mj Lord, by the
Fiye Phantoms deliver me ; and to her who has
afflicted me with love transfer my anguish!
For thou knowest that I am snflfenng a burn-
ing flame, and my beloved has oppressed me,
and will not have compassion on mef How
long shall I feel tenderly to her in my afflic-
tion P And bow long shall she tyrannize over
my weakness? I wander in agonies never
ending, and find not a person, 0 my Lord, to
assist me! Often I wish I could oe patient
in loving her; but how could I be patient
whilst my love has consumed my patience ?
0 thou wno dost decline to grant to my love
the pleasure of an interview, fearest thou not
the adversities and calamities of time and for-
tune F Art thou not enjoying the happiest life,
whilst I, for thy love, am suffering in a foreign
country all kind of privations far nr away from
my home, friends, and relations ? ^j<i
(juJj ^^ * J«i^ r^^^ ^M^li
\J '^ <^JJ^ (^^ * v^ ' ^^'"^ ^-'^^
JW ^r-^ ^^^ 4 i^ '^^ *^5^
'J'-i
ujX * W^^
Lore-apple, Xj^*^\:^ handdura, ^^la^jb
hddinjdn franju
alio a beloved object, a mistress. — ^The lover,
when his beloved is separated firom him, is ab-
sorbed in^ sorrow ana affliction: within and
without bim a disease is burning : his begin-
ning is remembrance, and his end is thought
Loved, jyLjc« ma^ihnkfi
and reflection, ^Ljx ^IjU \3\
LOB
(788)
LOY
Loosed, JA^^ mo^ll/.
Loosely (not fast), i^^/ Urakhdwat ;
(without bondage), \3\)jtj SOd rihat ;
(irregularly), ^^Jih hUa tofHh,
^UaiL hUa msdm; (carelessly), JG
J^\^hiikoltahdnnd. See N^ligently.
— (meanly), -A>-^ftyj hinaw^in ha-
kir. — ^To sew loosely, J-- thai.
Loosen, v. J»> hal. See Loose, Eelaz,
Part.
Looseness (imfixedness), j]j^^ /••^-^
^adam al iardr ; (flabbiness, laxity),
i^\^j rakhdwat; (irregularity), |%*xc
u^^l ^adam al iarilh, ^^\ f^S£.
^adam annwlm; (want of chastity),
ij\^\ i%«xe ^adam aitahdrat, i^
^hwat. See Dissoluteness.— (a diar-
riioBa), Jl^l ithdl, ^J^ iUi. To have
a looseness, (Jf^Jl imahal. See Flux.
— To give a looseness, J^f athal.
Lop, V. (trees), J^'i\ ^ koMh d mH-
jdr, jAaS kaU^. See Cut.
Lop, lopping, s, ^^ikLu*^ luudhat, A
lopper, -Ui^ hutdh.
Loquacious, >K1\^^ koHr al kaldfiL
Loquacity, ^Klf iji^ kasirat al kaldm.
Lord, 8. (English title), J;jJ lord, (as
general qualification), Jb^ iayyid, 1y
or \y fnawla\ My lord, ^^iXj-au
f/d Myyail. My Lord (to Ood, etc.),
^Jjlj yd rahll'j {or My Lord and
God), ^\^ ^j u yd raWf «^a *?/aAl.
See Sovereign, Governor, Ruler, Master,
Noble. Then, when the event appointed by
the Lord of all creatures, tbe Ix)rd of the
eartb and the heavens, befell ua, I said, 0
•companions in arms and soldiers, can ye pre-
vent that "which hath befallen me from the
mighty King? i^j ^\^, J>3 Uli
Lord, 9. Ss>^ hakam. See Bomiiieer,
Gorem, Enle.
Lose, V. (opposed to find), ^--^ ^W*t'»
(opposed to gain),^;***ri- i*«wr. Toloae
one's labour, ciyr S^ ^^ <^fy*t
ta^aho ^aha%, Ji'Ul^ i-^^ t^ ^
JaitJ. To lose the way, ^JijM V ^"^
i^j. ha tank. See Wander.— To loae
hope, \p^1 ^Jai ioto^ arrajd. [m.
Loser, *. y ...ri^ mudayyU, i*}r**^ ^^'
Loss, ^^^^ nak9,jj^ daroTj i;L*s;- tfa-
tion, Destruction, Mies. — To be at a
loss, jl^ hdr.
Lost, JjAA^ mafkudt ^U ddyi^ S-^*^
ghdyib. To be lost, cU i2d^.
Lot, 9, V_— -^ fMMf 5, <UwuJ ittMUU, ^mS^-
hmah or Amm^; (dice), Is.^ Ivrat
See Luck, Fortune, Portion. — To csS
or draw lots, 4xy ,-^j rwma* hmr^
liOte (tree), jyJ^i^ AomiateJb. Tbt
Egyptian lote tree, \^j^^ O^^^^
handakuk miarl.
Lotion, fc— PjV?«h7 tashiif. See Washisg-
Lottery, «. <)^ ibir^a^ *,, ^j.-r't b p
na^h.
Loud, c^ J Jbt^. See Noi^, Glamoro>c&
Turbulent. — A loud wind. u,g,rgU *^
hatod ^dnf» See Wind. — A. loud voice,
lU c:j^ sawt ^ll.
Lough, «. ijfji^ hhaUj, J^^ h^kdm.
LoTe, Jh^ ^wAib. The love of od£ s
country, ^^^ S-"*^ **** *^ tcmtm
To be in love, Jh^ ^MA«ifc. See Lik£.
Esteem, Value. — Distractedly ia kvc,
^j:xi^ JhIU idihtk maftHn. To ma^
LOY
(789)
LOV
love, ^jJLe. ^$Mk, For the love of
God, idH J---.^y* 9dbM iOah^L^^
^\ hiihaim tOah. A love-letter,
JAa l^jP^^ maktnh ^hk. Like
birdsi they flew away in the evening and de-
parted. And he who dieth of loTe ia not
gniltv. I will keep my lore secret while it is
poflrible to do so, bat ii violent longing over-
come me, then I will make it known. The
phantom of her, whoee (ace is like the morn-
ing, came at night; and the night of my de-
sire has no morning, LuuxlbjaAk cz^jlki
^w /^yi\ ^J . 0 my mistress, I am
an admonisher nnto thee, and one who has
great interest for thee ; know then that love is
difficnlt, and the concealment of it would melt
iron, and occasion diseases and infirmities, and
the person who reveals love is not obnoxions
to reproach, ^^ uXJ J] ^J Jl-^Ij
^U, f,\Lj\^ ^\^1\ k-^jy^^ A[A*5l
^JU ^^[) ^y^ ^. Love, at its
commencement, is Kke mnninr saliva; bnt
when it has gained ascendancy, it is like a wide
sea, 1jU»^U^ ^yoU jy Jh^\
\jK^\j \ja^ j\^ r^^^' ^ wrote with a
heart devoted to thinking of thee, and with a
aauT eyelid shedding tears of blood, and a body
clad, by ardent longing and sorrow with the
garment of leanness and affliction. I complain
to thee of the torment of my love, and the
complete exhaustion of my patience. Be kind,
then, and favourable, and mercifdl and in-
dulgent, for my heart is breaking through the
-violence of my love for thee, * •* - " ^
^i s\^ (»**^j ♦ tr**>i ^|Li J ^
^^\^ J6 ♦ ^^iW^ yJ*^J^3 ^^^
jJaSaj 4?^b. 0 my Lord, by the
Five Phantoms deliver me ; and to her who has
afflicted me with love transfer my angaish!
For thou knowest that I am suffering a burn-
ing flame, and my beloved has oppressed me,
ai^will not have compassion on mef How
long shall I feel tenderly to her in my afflic-
tion P And how long shall she tyrannize over
my weakness? I wander in agonies never
ending, and find not a person, 0 mv Lord, to
assist me! Often I wuh I could oe patient
in loving her; but how could I be ^tient
whilst my love has consumed my patience ?
0 thou who dost decUne to giant to my love
the pleasure of an interview, fearest thou not
the adversities and calamities of time and for-
tune P Art thou not enjoying the happiest life,
whilst I, for thy love, am suffering in a foreign
country all kind of privations far far away from
my home, Mends, and relations ? ^-'^^
c:-^ urV * ^^^ r^^^ ^LiAs^li
Jl (J*J l:^ li ♦ ^ ^ aU::^ li ^
^ '^ (*ju' f^j * {^ •• '* : 't'jW
JW ^r^ ^}^^ 4i^^^. *v/*
Loved, jj^ujc* mofih^,
Love-apple, ^j^iilij handdUra, ^\afrj\j
Iddinjdn franju
Jy^si^mahh'&h;
a^ a beloved object, a mistress. — The lover,
when his beloved is separated firom him, is ab-
sorbed in sorrow ana affliction: within and
without him a disease is burning : his begin-
ning is remembrance, and hii end is thought
and reflection, dLi£ (jV^ ^<^^
LOV
(790)
LOW
r^
Lovelinees (beauty), ^^;*«^ htun, JU>-
jamdl, i3\Jff nardfat. Bee Graceftdness.
And then he said to her, O Queen, on my
word, my nnde did not describe to me the
auarter of the tenth part of thy lowliness, nor
tie qoarter of a kirat t>f fov and twenty
kirats,^ JJ\^ia*lil|! Jl3Ai\f3
.Lovely, J--«^ jcmlh <— «-5J ^^*/ ^^
thou assert that thou art a great Kin^ the
King who is my sister's son is a greater King;
and if thou boaatest that thy daughter is lovely,
my dai^ter's son is more lovely than she, and
more beautiful in form, and more excellent in
rank and descent, as he has surpassed in ffood
and excellent qualities all the great men of his
* JLjUj Jjb\ jli ^li * wJ^ W^
Lover, », J-iiU i^i^hik (pi. jl/t*r ^Uh),
1 .nin*^ hdbib, L--^«^ i?H»^i5. A lover
and his beloved, jyt**^j J^U ^d»Ai^
fi^^ WII^«A«i&, <"">^^ <^">^>"^ ^^^^^
«;a mahbub. They say it is forbidden for the
beauties to show favour, that the shedding of
the blood of lovers is lawM, and that the
love-sick can do naught but sacrifice his soul,
and liberally forfeit it in love, which is a ^me.
I cry out in my longing and ardour ot love
for my beloved, and the utmost effort of the
distracted is to moa&, J— f^ c.»pj^
* l.ly ^lfUM^\ . Avicenna has pre-
tended that the lover's remedy consists in
melodious sounds, and the company of one
like his beloved, and the pleasure of dessert
and wine and a garden; out I have taken
another in thy stead to cure myself, and fate
and contingency aided me, yet I found that
love was a mortal disease, for which Avicenna's
medicine waa mere Booflenae, ^^} ^]
tfjy w^\ J^ • ^51^ Jr^ J'"^
Loving, ptirt. Jf^^ ^aM*^ v.^^****-
hib. See Friendly.
Loving-kindness, ifc^y^ marhamat,iii^
ahafaJcat, Z^ m»ha»aL SeeMwj.
Tenderness.
Lovingly, i>* J^ ^^ ««**^
Louse, «. iUi Undat. AwtiHifr^
louse, iw hakkatf ^M*i*in% JufitaL
Lousiness, {^^^ takmlh
Lousy, J-4i^ fnukammil.
Low (not higk), J^^ umd ; (oem, «i^
See Dishonourable, Depre8eed,Hnn*
— (deep), J?-**^ j_<w»U.
Low, V. i?j irai^. See Lower.
Lower (comparative of low), ^y'^'
Ji^^«/«Z. See Inferior.-Tbek«f
part of anything, «Jo^ ^kJn**.
Lowest, lowenaoet, ^^^^ J*-'' *^
mdya^n.
Lowlily (witiiout pride), ^'fJ ^' ^
iMii*^; (meanly),^^-AP-^j^;i^J»'^'^'
^«9i Aoi^f r.
Lowliness (humility), ^-^'y
cyt^ JtAtwAtlj.. See SubmiBsi<«^
— (meanness), J*S %il\ (wantrf*!'
nity), A^lar i% J^c ^adam ^nof^
Lowly (humble), ^\yi^ »^^^^'<
See Submissive, — (mean),^-i^ ^'
LUC
(791)
LTJK
Lowness (want of height) 9^j^ (^*^
^adam irttfd^; (jtaesameaB), ij\A^- ha-
kdrat See Lowliness.
Low-spirited, u^^JjIIj^mJC* makiilr al
kalby Je\a^\jyjS^ fnahUr id khdtir.
See Dejected.
Loyal, ^j^\ amln, Jjl>^ 8ddik, ^-J(X«
mutl^, AiJr*.MA/t muitaMm,
Loyalist, «. ij\j^^6 sfl eadhkat
Loyally, X<«1&;l«»\ J^ Inkoliitikdmat, JG
iLitjutf hikolioddiaL
Loyalty, ie}^\ iid^i, ^Ui^\ uiikdmai,
dj\xa saddkat. See Fidelity.
Labricate, v. ^i^f mardan, ^ J dahan.
See Smooth, Make slippery.
Lucid, lucent, ^^;U^ mtmlr, ^D Idmi^.
See Bright, Light, Glittering, Trans-
parent.
Luck, Lr-^osr hdkht, Cy^j^fl'^ nasih, L^
kuemat, «Jlt tdli^. Good luck, laoki-
ness, J Li I ikhdl. Bad lack, ^j**ssr
nahi. See Fortane, Chance, Accident.
—0 what luck! jux^^U9^iOb
ya ktho min tali^ sa^d ! Wilt thoa, said the
Khaleefeh, return with na to the riyer, and
Btation thyself on the bank of the Tigris, and
cast thy net for my lack? iiAa^\ JUi
«^^^^ v/yj '^■^^ v^^ ^
Xuckily, JUS^^ iV*-» J^ Wib^ <<r^dfin wa
ikbdl. See Fortunately.
Luckless, ^jM^^U manAfi«, L,.^j«n) ^U
mdl^ho na9%h. See Unhappy, Unfor-
tunate.
Lucky, Jjum.^ mu$^, uu^o^ ^*^>>li0
«dAi3 ftoib^^, v.;^ a:isC ^$y i^«^
bakhtuho tayyib. See Fortunate.
Lucrative, •xX* mii/^^f, ^U nd/S^, ^7^
tnurhih, S JuU dJ /{At fdyidtA. See
Adrantageons, Profitable.
Lucre, J Jjli fdyidat^ ^ii »a/^, i»>^*<*>'^
maksah. See Gain.
Lucabrate, «. (study in the night-time)i
JJJU (jM^J daraa hU layU.
Ludicrous, tjif*^ ma$khara.
Ludicrously, ijS^*^ Jij hikol moikhara.
LudicrousnesS) ysf"**^ iamaskhur, Cy^*l
K^J. [See Baggage.
Luggage, c-jL^^ M5d5, ^^ hawdyij.
Lukewarm (moderately warm),yli/a<ir,
Jjcjb^ mu^tadil. Lukewarm water,
y li U wd /a<»r ; (indifferent, not
zealous), J)\i fdUr, ij^ <dU mdlaho
yhltui.
Lukewarmly, Jl JclcU hti^ttddl; (coldly,
indifferently), »*^^y,J^. bikolhurOdaii
(indifference), ij^j) hurUdat, ij^^Jx,
^adam ghlrat.
Luminary, 8, jy nur, \^ diyd. See
Light. — The greater and lesser lumi-
naries (the sun and moon), ^j^ nirJn.
The greater luminary, Jkci\j^\ annlr
al a^wam. See Sun.— The lesser lu-
minary, jjLai\jJii\ ant^r al asyhar.
See Moon.
Luminous, jy^ munmr, j^ jwunfr,
w-fS Idmi^ jyi\ ^U 8dU^ annur.
See Bright, Light, Shining.
Lunacy, ^ J^ $awdd, ^y^ junttn. See
Madness.
Lunar, i^j^ kamarl.
Lunated (like a crescent or half-moon),
Jl^\ JS^ misl al hdhd.
Lunatic, i^y^ majnUn, See Mad.
Lunation, «. (revolution of the moon),
j^^j^*^ dawralkamar; (month), ^^fl
ihahr.
LTC
(792)
MAD
LuncheoDi 9. (meal), Ij^vJl? tdni^hadd;
(a piece), ifiai Jnt^at.
Langs, 8, ijj\ arriyah.
Lupine, «. {j»*^/ turmw.
Lurch, r. See Deceive.— (to devour),
Lure, «. Jujct ta^mat, ^i^jMhai.
Lurk, t^. ^ <d^ tahhabha\ [Sweet.
btisfi^. See
Luscious, ^]l>- ^ti/d,
Lust, i^f^ »hahwat(^\.iJL:^^^ ihahwdt),
Lustful, ^Mfatiky ^S^uJu nafsdnh A
lustful man, vj|; sanl.
Lustfully, if^^ Jio }»iJb7 <Aa^f£^a^.
Lustily, ^y J^ hikol Hwat, See Vigor-
ously. [Vigour.
Lustiness, lustihood, iji k&wat See
Lustration (water for), ya^ toadu. See
Ablution.
Lustre (brightness), Lj diyd. See
Splendour, Glitter. — (renown), Julic
^azomtf^, Jul^ kardmat.
Lusty, 1^^ ^att'l. See Vigorous.
Luxate, f . (disjoint), ^1^ khala^, CJii
fak, '^ fatdkh. See Dislocate.
Luxation, i^ fa^hh, cLkrl inhhila^.
Luxuriance, luxuriancy, )o\j5\ ifrdt, ij^
kastrai, ijij wafrat, Lfit/^'
Luxuriant,^^#ii^ kaslr, ji\j wdfir, u^}^
Luxuriantly, ^Ij^^yj hi naw^n wdfir^
Luxurious, hi^jL v,,^fv.lig idhxh shard"
hat, wcj:^ mutana^^m.
Luxuriously, vu7 Ji^ hikol tana^^m.
Luxury, Inxuriousness, j^xJ tana^j^m,
Lycanthropy (a kind of madness, in
which men have the quality of wil4
beasts), c-^^ katrah.
^ji^gf '• (telling a lie), C-^IS^ haal]
(reclining), ^/z^ muttald.
Lymph, fj^^\ (•L^^ ^ s4f^ ^^
di^lJIj m&iai tatfi ft ajidm d kf-
iodn wdl nahdt.
Lynx, 9, J^ fahd. And he had boi
upon his head like the tails of horses, asd tfs
eyes like two burning coals ; and he kad t
third eye in his forehesd, like the eje of (be
lynx, rrom which there appeared sftAs d
fire, J-^1 L^\j,i\ ^j\idJ\jJ/lL
jU\jj^» If^ ^^ j^\ ^^ie-4
Lyre, 9, Jjc ^nd. See Harp.
M.
M has in English one unvaried soond,
and is expressed in Arabic by a ; £
j^ kamar, * The moon.'
Maccaroni (thin paste), ^^X»^ >"^^^
ran. J^U maianml.
Mace, #. (sceptre), u,.^j,<7^ kadlb; (a
club or staff plated with silver or gdj
carried before great men), Lof ^.
Macerate, v. (make lean), cm^ (Iff^tfff;
(to mortify the flesh), ^j^\yJ bato
annaf9, CL^Ul amdt
Maceration (making lean), ^_ o^»-^'' ^
^t/; (mortification of the flesh), ijl«^
amdtat; (steeping), wft3 nuib^.
Machinate, 9. Jls^t ihtdl, ZL^Ja;
^ama/ ^12^^. See Contrive, Plan.
Machination, <lL>» Af^o^, JLs.»-\ AH-
ydl, Ju^ iU»ye^. See Contrivance, Prand
Machine, «. ^T dldh, or ZiT a/<i^ (]^
e^'ll aZa^), ^^llJ J iu2ei3. See Engifi^*
Machinery, ^^^v) duldhl.
Mad, (jiy^ majnUn. To be mad int^
love, ^y^ maftHn.
MAO
(793)
]£Aa
Mad, madden, r. (make mad), ^^^^^
jannan, (j^*^ ^^i^^^ ^amalaho majnUn;
(to be or become mad), ^yj^ J^
idr mqfnUn, ^^^^ jan.
Madam, U1 jL* mdddmd. [See Mad.
Mad-brained, mad-cap, ^j^y^^ majnUn,
Madder, n^fuwih.
Mad dog, s. ^Ul^ S-^ ^^ lalbdn.
Made {part, of make), J^*a^ maf^l,
^y.\.0A^ nunnU^, fJy.AJfi^ fna^ul,
fJxAi^ munfa^tl.
Mad-house, $. ^l::^^^ marttdn,
^dly» Ki>r^. hijunun, ^y^\ J2^
Madman, «. ^^^^^ mqfnUn,
Madness, ^y^ junUn. The madness
of youth, c^LuJf ^^.^junUn ashaha-
Sad, They said, Thoa ravest upon him whom
thou lorest. And I replied, The sweets of
life are only enjoyed by tne mad. Well, I am
mad : then bring me him upon whom I raye,
and if he cure my madpeas, do not blame me,
fadrigal, i. (pastoral song), ij^\}\ if Jcmoj
k€tsidat arrd^.
ag^azine, s. ^'*^ makhnan; (of arms),
^)Lu^\j\j ddr aualdh,
aggoty 9. SJjJ dUidat.
Btgi (worshippers of fire), (jm^je^ mu-
'USm One of the Magi, i^y^ majutH,
rtie religion of the Magi, <<j..i«y^
najiJmyiU, And afterwards she enehanted the
'ity and all in it. The inhabitants of our
ity were of four classes — Muslims, Christians,
e^vrs, and Magians, ^«X4]\ KZJjsr^ J
Magician,^ Li 9dhirf jsr* sahhdr. See
Enchanter, Necromancer.
Magicians, ijjss^ saha/rat.
Magisterial, ^^JcL/i mutakdbhir, l^-^^-I^
X^Jb sdhtb hayhat. See Arrogant,
Lofty, Proud. — (such as suits a lord
or master), ^^^\^ hdhiml.
Magisterially, jSsj hi takahhwr. See
Proudly. — (suitably to a master),^*^^^
j^\y hi hukmin wa amr, ^^j t)^ ^*^^
riydiat.
MagisterialnesSy^^IC iakdhhur. See Pride.
Magistracy, ^yl». huknmatf ij)j wald-
yatt (Li^^j riydiat, LjS kadd.
Magistrate, «. ^U- hdkim.
Magnanimity, iuJb himmat
Magnanimous, <C4Jb ^^'>'\^ idhih him'
mat, iA^] ^Ic ^all al himmat, ^Is*^
ihujd^ i^^ ^^^fwLg Bdhih shawkat,
jy**>' joiHr.
Magnanimously, SUjb^ hi^ulu himmat.
report of whose good
qualities the cararans have borne abroad, and
whose fame has been published in the provinces
and cities for liberality and beneficence, par-
don and clemency, and granting fayoars,
Magnet, ^^^Wjt^ maghnatU. See Load-
stone.
Magnetical, magnetic, ^c^^^a^^n^ magh"
natua. See Attractive. — The magnetic
needle, 4^l3 <LLi hiblat ndma.
Magnetism, ^jMJl3;jLi!l ^^y>- khawds al
maghnatU, See Attraction.
(794)
HAI
Magnifioenoe, l£yt shawtai, a^^oc ^
mat, Jlbr j^h iMk- y«^«Wi
io^ wa ikb&l, i^jJ^ nha/raf. See Gran-
deur, Splendour.
Magnifioent, JUJl wc^-UtOM ^>2fi/,
yaft?, v-Jjy-1 t^oH/, jiir*^ mtf/aiA^^m.
See Grand, Pompous, Splendid.— Most
magnificent, Mp\ akram, Jar.] a^%am.
And when he had finished the recitation of his
Teraes, he desired to take up his harden and
depart ; hut lo, there came forth to him from
that door a young page, handsome in counten-
ance, comely in stature, and magnificent in
apparel, A a Vi > ^ Xj^ ^^ ^ji L«jJ
jll? JJ 3\jj^^^ asU»5»- J-«^ ^b\;^
j^Uil^li JJiil ^ ^^\ ^ir*^
Magnificently, l^tiae, JO hikol ^Matnat,
JUb^jJc Jio hikol ^tsa toajaldl.
Magnified, J^*^ mu^afaam, m,s^ mu-
fahhkham. {Jakhkhim, jx^ mw^iw.
Magnifier, «. ^la*^ wtt^<isam, j»-i*^ ww-
Magnify, <7. a^^ fakhkham, Jiie. casss^zm,
aJ^^ karramfjS. ^oss. See Extol, Ex-
aggerate, Exalt, Elevate.
Magnitude, iu*j t&tM&a^, «lss**** fashat,
jS kubr. See Size, Largeness, Bigness.
Magpie, «. J^uc cfl^^ai. A green mag-
pie, j)/^ shakrdk.
Maid, maiden, «. vj^-^ 5i>i<. The Yirgin
Mary, J*:v-!^ /^^ meiryam aZ hatnl.
Maiden, adf.Jj Ukr.
Maidenhead, maidenhood, SjUj hak&rat,
SeeYirginity. — To take a maidenhead,
ij\SJi\ ^y\j\ ttzal al hakdrat. See
Violate.
MAI
Maidenhair (a plant), ^\ J/^ i»
harai al ^r.
Maidenly, (j^oJt J^ mitS al hiad.
Maidservant, *• ^i^ JL^ ihddtmd •
Juliet khadddmai. Bee 6kve g^
Mail (annour), ^ J dir^^ (pi. ^*3^ i^
^t» tV*^ durii^)» Armed wi&i
coat of mail, 9 J»>3l^ jww^oiflrrf^ Ti»
intertextnre of the rings of a coal d
mail, Cfjj mrad. I had an army ciS-
prising a thousand thousand bridles, cem^ttA
of haray men with spean, coats of mail, <^
swords, and strong anna, ^ ^^ ^,
Mail, s. (bag,letter.bag), ^^^^' u^
kis al pdstajX L^\L^\ i^^ to *
tnakdtlh. See Bag. [Lame, Woimt
Maim, v. \stL» sakkat, j^ utwrnm-. Sa
Maim, $, laA-a «fl*tf^, rj^ jmrL ^
Wound, Lameness, Defect.
Maimed, ^^/f^ tnqfruh, )al^ oakaL
Main, <w^'. JJ\ flerw«/, j»Sa^ m^dadd»
See Chief, Principal.— (important), •**
m«^m ; (forcible, violent), c/ji A**^"-
jj Jjli «^<w?i<?. The main (chief part:,
lab. See Sum, Total.— Main or nuus
force, ilJu2i shiddat. The main cr
ocean, U^^g^^^*^ ^oAar al muML A
main (hamper), J--jj a«tW. Srf
Basket— The main chance, ^^-Jl ^
nafs al amr. The mainland, main, 5*
continent, J har. See Earth.— Tt*
main land and main ocean, ^sa^ji^ l<r
ioa hahr.
Mainly, Ulc ^hdlihan^ ij\ mnnaZfli. See
Chiefly, — (powerfully), Sji Jij >tf^*
HAK
(795)
UAL
ICain-masty 9.j^\ ^^^\ au&r^ dl ha-
llr. The main-Bail or main-aheetj
j^\ ^ M^ «/ hablr,
Itfaintain, v. (affirm), j^ iarrar ; (to
defend by argument or proof), ^j)
harhan; (to continae), a^Ij ddwam^
ki^^ iitamar. [yutah&fMk^ ^nmko.
Kaintainable (justifiable),
s^
L^
Kaintenanoe, ^ZJ^ kut, dLi^x^ ma^hat.
See Lining, Pood, Snstenanoe, LiToli-
hood. — (support, defence), diails^ mu-
hdfiuai, fiUi>- himdffoi. See Continu-
ance, De&nce, Support, Proteotion.
Main-topmast, «.^^;^\ t^jLalf ^jm\j rds
assdri al kdblr.
&£aje8tio, ^^ mulalA^ iS^^ J^h
^^^^L^^^'^>-\^idhibhaybaL See August,
Imperial, Pompous, Splendid, Magni-
ficent, Lofty, Sublime.
Majestically, Juk^ J^ htkol ^manuU,
aSipT J^ hikoljaldlat.
Majesty (dignity), illp^ jaldlat, ^UJb
haybat; (king's address), i^.d>- hadraL
Major,^\ ak8ar,j^\ ahbaTf Jacl B^tam.
See Greater.
Major, t. (military officer), ,<^U CJsjj
htk hdshl (Turkish). A majordomo,^U
,^fS^\nduiralmatbahh. The major (first
proposition of a syllogism), ,^jShuhra^ ;
(of full age), ^\i haligh.
Majority, ^^1 aksar; (fuU age, end of
minority), 4 ^ hdHgK To arriye at
majority, kl\}j\^ i&r haligh.
Make, v. (J«3 fa^l. See Act, Do, Prac-
tise, Perform, Execute, Form, Con-
struct, Compose, Create, Commit, Com-
pel, Poroe, Cause. — ^To make away,
make away with (kill), J:ui hsM.
See Sill, Destroy .-^To make aooount
(redkon), c^L*^ J.4X ^amal huah.
See Compute.— (to believe), ^j^\
amofi. To make account of, j«i£^ i^Uh
Jtar* See Esteem. — ^To make free with
(treat without ceremony), cJJicl^ ^j
rafa^atiakllf. To make good (prove),
jjj harrar, j^\ anhoTy ^j:^^ iohhat.
To make Ioyo, fJJji*£' ^hsk, ^Us:^ ^Ja^S'
^mai muhahhat See Court ; and under
Love. — To make of (produce effect),
J\ auar ; (to undeiistand), ^ feh$m.
See Comprehend. — ^To make out (ex-
plain), m^ fahham. See Prove.— (to
make clear to oneself), \lS^jC\ adrak.
To make up (reconcile), JL^ s&lah ;
(to compound), w*^ rahkab ; (to com-
plete), *4J Umimam. And she smiled,
and said to him. Did I not toll thee that he was
the son of a Sultan P Bj God 2 I will make
him crncifj thee upon a piece of wood worth
a oouple of pieces of silver, \^^^**»m
js, ciCLu ^ -LjUi j^sA ail,
Make (form, stature), ^m^^y UtrMb,
ijya HLrat, jLiU thakl. See Pigure,
Shape. [sdm^.
Maker, i. J^U^dm»7, ^JAifd^, ^\^
Maladministration, 8j\Ji\ i*J^ ^adam al
iddrahf ^Ua:i1 aJ^ ^adam annwdm.
See Mismanagement.
Malady, «. (j0^ marad, ^r^ ^(^^i;
See Disease. Shouldest thou not hare pro-
ceeded in the path of yirtue, and accelerated
the cure of thy maladj, and blunted the edjj^
of thy iniquity, and restrained the propensity
of thy soul, which is thy worst enemy F
C^jssS «L& bsJJij cJStj iJ^
MAN
(796)
MAS
Malaperty malaperiness, etc* See Sancy.
Malcontent (dissatiBfied), ^\jj^^kiyr
rdil. See Discontented.
Male, ^ J tahar (pL ^j^J wukdr). Male
and female, lAJ^^^^ wdkar u>a unia^.
A male animid, fJ^faM. See Stallion.
Malediction, «. iiji lacnat See Cane.
Malefaction, u^ J sand. See Crime. —
A malefactor, /^/-f^ mujrim. See
CriminaL
MalcTolenee, malice, malicionaness, ma«
lignity, i^\jj raddwat.
Malevolent, maliciooa, malignant, ^LjI
i^Jj tntdnradl. ThemaleYolent(men),
4U^1 UJ>\iJ\ arhdb a/ hakad.
Malevolently, maliciously, malignity,
malignly, ajJ^^Uj h^hdyatinradiyah.
Malign. See Unfavourable, Infectious.
Mall, mallet, «. '^^^ ehdiuj.
Mall, malleate, v. ^/Is^V JJ dah M
ehdkuj. [fcj^jW- ^ubdttl.
Mallow (a plant), iji^ khubhayzat,
Malpractice, ^^Jj J.4X ^amalradl, SjU
^<V-i>3 ^adld^ ibi^fAa^, ii^l J^ raddufat
Malversation, iLcw ^ife^. See Knavery,
Artifice.
Man (mankind), ^LjI irudn, jLi ha-
shar ; (a male of the human species),
ij^j rajoh A common man,^ nafar.
But if tbou forget my lesson, and reject my
admonition, then the ashes of thy hearth wiU
he scanty, and thy family and thy people will
slight thee. My son, I have had experience
of the realities of things, and made trial of all
the Ticissitudes of forUine, and have seen that
riches are more respected than rank, and that
a man's property, not pedigree, ia inquired
about, cy .X-Jj • Jjj^ u;^
Manage, v.^^J daUar^jJ^X) hd»ktrfS>
See Oovem, Conduct, Treat
Manageable, jj>^jcjf JjU koMiltidi^.
Management, ^ J^ iaibfr^ ^j^\^ ^
hdsharai^ £L«U^ mu^dmdkU, j^
^mal. See Admimstration, Conduct, Ba-
terity. Practice. WhatsoeTer thoa dost I it
requite thee for it, and thon wilt be ifivded
for it; for thou ni experienced in tileiBaMf^
ment of affairs, and yery clerer in intrige.
and ererything that is difficnlt beooodli &
to thee, <uU (1^ ][p^\ JlJuJu 'vili
Manager, «. J»L« infli5a«A«r, J^^ w^
See Conductor, Gbvemor, Admisi!-
trator.
Mandate, «. aJ1>- huXmf ^f osif , V^'
tawAyah. See Command, Commissi^
Mandatory, v.f^l amiri.
Manes, JLs^ Jchaydl. See Ghost
Mange, manginess, «. s^^/imi. See
Scab. [m0&a/|f), J^Jl« mflivt^'
Manger, b, uJ,U>< fMflaf (pL u^Ia*
Mangy, ^^Vt^T jarhdn. See Scabby.
Manhood (in opposition to womanhooi} .
^\^J\y,,t:^jin8ttrrujdL Theage^
puberty, ^^j rajuUyat. And wheel
grewup, and had attained to manhood, iDTf!^^
was admitted to the mercy of God, \aist:
me wealth, and serrants, ana other depesdtf^
I ^:^^
Maniacal, ^y^ fM^'&n.
Manifest,^!!? %ahir, ^\^ wdOky £
MIN
(797)
]£AE
muitadihf ^* m\Mt^ mtutahin, ^Ij
hdym, [cover, Explain.
Manifest, v.j^\ anhar. See Show, DLb-
Manifestabley^U? %dhir,j^ ytuhar.
Manifestation, manifestness, jl^l?! «sAdr,
j^ zuhar. See Discoveiy, Publica-
tion, Cleamess.
Manifestly, fybU? %&hiran. See Evi-
dently, Clearly.
Manifesto, «. JlsJl ijya t&rat al hah
Manifold, ytic^ mutakam.
Mankind, ^Jl _jj hanl ddam, ^jioi^
j^\ jim albiwhary jJ^\ ^^ hanl al-
bashar.
Manna, ^ mann.
Manner, ^^ waflif (JiJ^ tairik, J^y^
manwal, vli^l.o ttdnk, if jU ^dat. See
Habit, Custom, Way, Mode. — (dispo-
sition of the mind), Jb\s>^ khdtir,
c-^^A^ mashrab, ^\yt miaULj; (sort),
j^A*3 kism, \j0t^ jinSf ^y naw^. See
Kind. — (air, oast of the look), i^^
toctfhfjojtuauir. See Mien. And she pro-
ceeded to conBole him, and to alloTiate hu sor-
row, and to relate to him some laugh-exciting
narrations and tales, until she succeeded in
TWttiring him laugh in the most violent manner !
c;!;-^^
jLJr^^ I^jXmJ lZJj\^^
fazmerly (polite), ^s^ fnahauab,
c^ol L,-"^^-" 9dh%b adab, i^^Jy
muaddah. See Civil, Ceremonious. -
(politely), ujy JJJ hOol luff, Jij
hkol Muham,
Eanners, c^\jt ddah, jlU>\ ahM&h.
See Morals, Politeness, Civility, Cere-
mony.
[anBion, #. c:^ hayt, ^b dar, Jj:^
fnanMid, i*lLt makdm^ yj^ makdn,
^jLm^ nuukan. See Abode, House,
Kesidence. He therefore deposited his burden
with the doorkeeper in the entrance-passage,
and, entering the house with the page, he
found it to be a handsome mansion, presenting
an appearance of joy and majesty, \^
J^33 (juJI W^^ ^^^^ l^b
Manslaughter, (jmLJI Jij ib^^ annatf.
See Homicide, Murder.
Mantle, «. ^lai.^ manto. See Cloak.
Manual, ^Jj ya(£(ff (performed by the
hand), Jull ijc^ san^t dlyadd. A
manual (small book),^;*^ l^\:^ hii&h
taghir.
Manufacture, Jaa ^amal, hc^ san^at,
iij^isui[^ m&nlfaUUra,
Manufacturer, 9.^\^ tdm^. See Maker,
Artist, Artificer.
Manumission, ^Jsa ^ati, l1^ fak. The
manumission of a slave after the death
of his master, tJU^ Jjcj JukI! , wsc
2L>-litf ^a^^ oL ^d ha^ mawt sdhibiho.
An Arabian formula of manumission,
^L) iju^t a»^» Bdybah {},$. You are
free).
Manumit, v. fJiA a^takf j;i^l a^^£.
Manurable (capable of cultivation), J^
Manuscript, Jj lafL c^l;^ ib'^& il^^ yiM^.
Many (a great many),^^«2^ kasir. How
many ? Jo-I^ ^^ kam wdhid f Many
times, hj g^l^ c:.^!^ »Mrrd^ Jl«»fraA.
Many coloured, ^t^Jf^^^i^ ib^fr a/ a^
ird». Many words, fH^iji^kiiratkaldm,
Map, <. jAt^IsL khdrita.
1^91,9, j^^dar^jM/S^khaitar. See Harm,
Hurt, Injure, SpoiL
Marble, j^j^ marmar, J^j rikhdm ;
KAB
(798)
]£AB
(made of marble), ^^j rUhdml,
y^ff marmari. They then passed
on and found a saloon oonsfancted of polished
marble, adorned with Jewels. The beholder
imagined that npon its floor was ninninF water,
■ad if any one walked npon it he woud slip,
^j^l jii^ys\i ^^Lu^ i}^^***^ (^^J
Marcasite, Ua^JtJjU or llJLJjU mario'
$hUd,
March (month), j\j\ addr.
March, r. ^J^^^ meshJ.
March, «. , ^JL^ nuuhl.
Marches. SeeBorders, Confines, Limits.
Marchpane, «. \X>^ halawa (pi. (j:j\j^^-
hudtoiydt).
Mare, «. ^j*»^ /ar«, <U^ faroidh. •
Margarite, «. iUj) luliyih. See Pearl.
Margin, ^Ull^ hanhiyah. The marg:in
of a page, A^l>. Ad«AiyaA (pi. 15^ \^
Aatra^^!).
Marginal. A marginal note, ^lJ«W ha-
Myah. To write marginal notes on a
book, ^Lj4l>- c-:^ i^^<>i hdshiyah.
Marine, i^jOsT hahrl. A marine (soldier),
^Jjse:^, i^X^jx. ^oikari hahrh
Mariner, «. uf/=^ iaArf.
Maijomm (a fragrant plant), fJJi\
hahak alfllf \^f^jj^ martanyUsh
Maritime (belonging to the sea), ^^
hahri; (bordering on the sea), ^Jl^
jss:i\ (J^-L> ^ala* sdhil al hahr,
Mark, /. LAe. ^aldmat (pi. d^Uie ^aJd-
mdt), ij\J^\ ishdrat A mark or proof,
iLf ^iydr. The stamp-master's mark
on gold or silyer, ^^ J damghah,
Mark, v. Jx ^aHam, LJifi' ^)a£' ^mal
aldmatj
^J
raoam. To mark with
orthognphicil pointa^ ^/^ *^'
iali ndkkat. To mark or take notiee
of, la>JI i!dA«B. To mark weighti (r
measniea,^ eW-r.
Marker, 9. ij\JLl\ J^U ^dJutZtf/iti^
Market or market-plaoe, a. ^^ '^j ;*!
hdsdr\ (buying and selling). Lit wj
hay^waohird. A market-day y^^ju^*'
yatrm oi hdtdr. The market sr cms^
price,^U«a!tf Jujli kdymat al ot^r. ^
long^gtoamarket, c^^jV ^^b^"'- ^
dull market, jU*^ kaodd.
Market, v. (j^^|^ ^Ij ^a^ wo itkim,
j>-\3 tdjar. See Deal, Traffic
Marketable, \J^^ w^ «kJlc ^^lioyAi ^i
tea «Atra, j\j\j ^uJlc ^«2flyAi Mscf
Marksman, «. ^asrlwLJ nUA^ti/t.
Marmoset, «. ^1iX«^ M^i2a». SeeAp^
Marriage, ^^sfTj %ljah, A marriage e&iff*
tainment, (jm^ ^m^'* There is 1^'
among the Kings of the Sea any oee ip"
▼iolent and hasty than her lather, nor isthr
any one of greater power than he. Tber^
acquaint not thy son with tiie case «f i-'
queen nntil we demand her in mamact *'
him of her father; and if he fafoor e ^
assenting to our request we praise Godiv^^
name be exalted !] ; and if he rejeft ib. v-
marry her not to thy son, we will n*^
at ease, and demand in maniage ssat^
*U^ ujiajj ^yMM;i. When be
beauty became celebrated, and her famt ^-^
throughout the surrounding conntrtfs. i^ *^
Kings sent to her father to reqoest her t' b3
in marriage ; and he consulted her, sod b: >
conyersation with her aboat the manu^f ^,
she disliked it, and said to her hti^- '
father, I hsTe no wish at all t» a*^
MAB
(799)
HAS
Marriageable, isTpl ^^ kharjasxijat;
(arrived at the age of puberty), jJb
bdliffh (fern. iii\{ hdliffhaty
Married, -. ^j^ muiowwaf (fern. *^jj/«
tnuxawwajat). A married woman, afj^\
Marrow, Jjj ail*. The spinal marrow,
claT nakhd^
Marry, i?. (take a wife or husband), ^^Jj
tatauncaj, Jjb*\j iaahhal; (to join a man
and woman in matrimony), -.j^J tawwaj.
Now if thou desire to possess ibis damsel, and
to marry her, sit here and wait for her, for
they come on the first day ot every month to
this place, *JUb «Jilw ^\ ^ZJJtJ\ \3\j
Mars (planet), ^r^ marrikh, jJt}^\ al
kdhir. The two malignant planets.
Mars and Saturn, ^M.rvUl al nah^n.
Marsh, s, J^j wahl.
Marshal, %, ^.^us, j^ tir ^kar. See
-General. — (a harbinger), jUiJ hltar,
^^J^, haysharush.
Marshal, v. uJ^L^ <— tjflrf» J-«^ ^amal
su/Uf sufaf, u-itf saf, Uaj mzam. See
Arrange. — To marshal or lead the way,
lJ'^j^. J"*^ ^amal haifsharilsh.
Miart, 9. (city of traffic), ^ J^ bandar.
partial.
harhlf
harhafi.
See Warlike.
IkXartin, martinet, martlet, «. uJU)»^
khaUdf, See Swallow.
Martingale, «. JcJu ioUband.
Martyr,^. Oufl skahXd (pl.l J^ Bhahada).
To martyr, Ju^^ ^d:J katalaho shahld.
See Murder, Destroy.
Martyrdom, if jlfl thahddat A place of
martyrdom, iXf^L^ ma«Aa&u^. To be mar-
tyred, JufSi LZ^U mat shakid.
Marvel, t^. u.^^^^ to^ojJKii. See Wonder.
Marvel, •. v*:^^ t^**» c-^l^ii-ol uti-
ghrab. See Wonder.
Marvellous, *-^^ gharlh, t-.^-^ ^fl;'*^
(pi. v-^Ub^ ^'dyih), ^ JJ ioift^. See
Wonderful. Ct^'***
Marvellously, l-^^-jk^^^^ it naw^n
Masculine, jd(V« mutakkar. See Male. —
The masculine gender, ^J^ muzakkar.
To put in the masculine gender, ^^a^
^«3a!1 iffoda^ attatklr. A masculine
woman, ils^ faMaf.
Mash, 8. (confused mixture), Isi^ khalat^
\^z^mukhtalit, Tomash,yL£v.^Atf/a^.
Mask, «. (visor), XjSf**^ ^^ wajh mas-
kharah; (a subterfuge), <tL>. hilat,
<lLc ^»7/a^. See Pretence. — (a revel),
ZjS^*^ maskharah. See Masquerade.
Mask, V, (conceal with a visor),
maskhar.
Masker, -i***'*^ mumaskhir.
Masked, -i^**'*^*^ tnutamaskhar.
Mason (stone-cuttei), J^li fd^il,j
hajjdr ; (a builder with stone), uj hannd^
J<^%jL^ mu^mdr.
Mason's rule, «. -sTj al/, jUla^ mutmdr.
Masquerade, ijS^**^ maskhara. To mas-
querade, Sjif**^ ^Ja^ ^atnal maskhara.
Mass (large quantity), ijt^ kaiirat^j\jA^
mukddr ^azlm; (assemblage),
>- jam^. See Heap.
MAT
(800)
MAT
Massacre, <Lca< maktoM, Js3 kaU. To
massacre, ^J aahah^ JiS jb^. See
Murder.
Massacred, Jy^ nudUiU. See Murdered.
Massiness, massiTeness, Jij «A/. See
Weight
Massive, massy, f^Jiac ^a^m, J«aj iokil.
See Large, Weighty.
Mast, «. fc^l^ '^rS (pi. ^)^y^ soiffdri).
Oak mast, L^ IMni.
Master, «. Jlh^ iritf^ii//iifi, uy^l*^ «4iU}.
See Lord, Chie( Possessor, Proprietor.
— The master of a house or family,
s.£^\ c-.c»-U tUMh al hayt. The
master of a feast, ZJLi^I Cy^ivLg «S-
Afift addiydfat. A master or teacher,
JjK^ ffltf^o^tm. A master of any art
or trade, jli^^l uitdd^ J^l« mdAiir.
Master, mister, or sir, ^^^ khawdja.
A master cook, .^yJa^l ^;^\ omlii al
mathdkh, A young gentleman, ^^f>-
jJlc khawdja mtghlr.
Master, v. (conquer), f^\c. ghdlab. See
OTerpower, Govem, Eule.
Masterly, adj.Jo\J^ shdtir. See Skilful.
Masterpiece, s. ijc^\ ci^^^ J^^^ Ja^
ihugM mu^allim nddirfl asaan^ai.
Master8hip,mastery,^L^«iit/*tntf^a//tmtya^.
Mastic (a gum), l^L.^^ mattakd.
Masticate, v, dXlf. ^alak. [madgh
Mastication (chewing), CMe ^o/^, wo^
Mastiff, 9,jJi c^ ;b/a itf^f r. See Dog.
Mat, s, y^iMdfw AiMfraA. A mat or carpet
on which they kneel at prayer, ^rjlsr*
9ujjddah. A maker of mats, CS^^s^
muhayyik hu9r. To mat, ,J<«b£
^ama/ Mmt. See Twist, Weave,
Entangle.
Match, «. (of a gun), £Lii fatllat; (a
match of brimstone, etc., for Hg^tiig a
fire),Li-i^Wrl^; (game).i*k.
hat; (an equal), ^^ fariii; (nj.
thing resembling or talljisg vith
another), ^ jj sM^f, <j:^^ cktfU Sec
Pellow, Pair.
Match, 9. (to be equal to), Jjlc toifi.
^jlS iordii ; (to confront), JjIj io^ii,
|^io4;ViA; (to8uit>proportioQ)ij2i
tod/ak; (to join in marriage), pj
Matchable, 9. i^^'m^ wnrndiih, ji m
muwdjikf j;jS 2ayi& See Saitaii&
Correspondent.
Matchless, ^^j^ild tdnl lako,j^ i>^
mdlaho lunlr, ^U^ )b hUd ihatok
Matchlessly, ^S^^JaJj^cyj 5tJMiP.»^'
iMisfr laAo.
Matchlessnes8,^Ja:J1 ^J^ ^adamdnai,
Matchmaker, «. (marriage-broker),ii;U>
^UJl iamidrat aadjai.
Mate, «. (husband or wife), ^j|j <<^
(fem. ^^J suttfffat) ; (oompamon), Jr ;
raflk. Check-mate (at clie68),c^*l^^*«
shdh mdi.
Material (consisting of matter), ^j:^
hayull, ^ jU mdddiyat, (jS^ ^'
Idnl ; (important), i^j^j^ darur^t •**
mtiAtm, |«jlt Idzim. A material cai&i
^ jL« dJx ct7A»^ maddiyai.
Materiality, <0 jL« mdddiyat.
Materially, ^i^ ^yf hi teajkin htfi-
Idnl ; (importantly), i^jy^ J-^ ^
<l0rilra^.
Materialness, ij^j^ darHrai,
Materials, i^\J\ ashdh, JLo^ flNM>^
Materials for building, iSm^ kartdtk
Maternal, ^\ ummi.
MAU
(801)
MAT
Maternity, <U«I wnmiffot,
Mathematicaly i^^j riydii, ^XJb
handasl. See GeometricaL
Mathematically, J^ct^l i^^^^^y ^Ix
^^J^ t^^* mfi;VJ al lawd^d arri-
y&dayat. See Geometrically.
Mathematician, (jmJl:^ muhandUy jiX>^
muhandi%. See Geometrician.
Mathematics, i^\jj\ (^^\ al cu/um
arriyadiyat, JLjj^I Jla ^pmalhanda-
$at, ^^\JJ^ #*jl^f Jx^^ kawd^id al
^um arriyadiyai. [salut al/qfir.
Matins (morning prayers), jsr\ i^
Matrice, matrix, Si^i\ f\ umm al awldd.
See Womb.— (a mould), ^JU kdUh.
Uiitriclde, fO\ f^ kail al itmm.
Patrimonial, ^^?Cp ^ ^joa^yakhutauijahy
See Conjugal, Nuptial.
kTatrimonially, <^c%! 1 ^y^j L^^>^y _]lc
^2(i' i»iZ;Vi ruiUm aaaijak.
{atroo, <• ^jiyls^ khdtUn.
£atter, j^jm^ jism, i^ hiynidy y^y>-
jawhar, if jU mddat (pi. J\yt\ amwdd).
See Substance. — (affJEur), ^ya^ khu'
9ii$,j^\ amr, ^U- ^Vv^ See Thing,
Business, Subject — ^Purulent matter,
^ kayih. See Pus.
iitter, 9. (be of importance), aJ5 ^mm.
atthew, ^^JL^ matta\
attock, Jy^^ ma^^tro/.
attress, «. ^ liacf' 6jujifar%heh tahtdnU,
ature, ^^^ium^ mtutawl. See Eipe.
aturity, |y;«j^ utiwd. See Completion,
Kipeness. — (puberty), ^jIj hulnyhi-
yaL [jtakrdn.
ladlin (half drunk), ^\J^^^^Laj ruuf
lulf V. (m^jii darah.
iand, #. J-i^j sumM, See Basket.
Mausoleum, ^^j rawdah, K.Jut mak"
harah, ^y% mazdr.
Maw, ijjL^ m$^ai. See Crop, Stomach.
Maw-worm, t. ^^^Ij^j dud al hatn.
See Worm.
Maxillary, ^Jjfitkt.
Maxim, s. iss-M kd^tdah, ^y\j kdnUu.
See Axiom, Rule, Precept — I therefore took
this maxim for the fifnidance of my condact,
and made it the leaamg-rope of all my oon*
cemB and interests ; so tdat I never entered a
ci^, nor did I Tenture to introduce myself into
a aen, without mixing myself with its ruler —
like the mixingof waterwith wine — ^and making
myself strong under his good auspices, in the
same way as bodies receive their strength and
force from the souls, \sJb CL^juarli
May (month), jbl ayydr.
May, aux. v. (pret. might, may hare,
might have). May God make yon
happy! ^1^Jj(m>1 as^adakum aUahf
And she said, May God cut off my fitther, and
deprive him of his kin^;dom, and comfort not
his heart, nor restore him from estrangement,
if he desire a person more comely than thou,
and aught more comely than these charming
endowments ! On my word, he is of little sense
and judgment, ^\ ^1 ^iaS c:JLLj
il\j. And he said, I fear that
he may be awake, and the poet has said : I
loved her when her qualities were described ;
for sometimes the ear loveth before the eye,
Jii jjy iJikib ^/i J c^u.1 jUi
\jLa^\ ^^\ JJ Jnyujp ^iJl^. Arise
and procure for me a rope, and tie one end of
it to a tree, and let down to me its other end,
that I may lay hold of it. Perhaps I may so
61
M£A
(802)
UEA
escape from my present state, and I will
give thee all tiie treaBures that I poasees,
^ ^\^x\ 4 ^^", Syr ^
Maybug, s. Jjcf /a^/, A^A;:-;- khunfese.
See Beetle.
Mayor. See Magistrate.
Maze, s. LJi^J dulah. See Labyrinth,
(confusion of thought), Ij^p^hirat See
Amazement, Irresolution, Perplexity.
— To maze,^Ii>- hayyar. To be in a
maze, jl::*^^ ihtar. See Astonished.
Me {pUique case of I), c5 «• !><> y<>^
know what he said to me ? *— i^ l^
J JU \ jU Ao^ ta^if fna%& k&l It f
She said. Make the experiment on me,
/y ^,j^\ J«r^ ^^ *«^ ^t*^
attajrihat fiyya.--^ ft in the dative
case, and (J nl in the accusative case.
And the King of India heard of me, and sent
a message to my father, requesting him to send
me to him ; and he sent to my father various
presents and magnificent gifts, such as wve
suitable for Kings. My father, therefore, fitted
out for me six ships, and sent me to the King
of India, J^j\s J^l tl.<U ^^ ^-wi
^\^ i^'^\ J;^ df>U ^
Mead (meadow), <-^ mofj (pi. ^^^
murnj). [Bare.
Meagre, f^^Lssr nahlf. See Lean, Poor,
Meagreness, ^q*-/^ du^. See Leanness,
Barrenness. [daklk. See Flour.
Meal (ground com), ^^^^^ tahln, j;-S J
Mean (despicable),^^;«A>- ?uiJ^, c3 J dani,
^;i^(3 dun, ^y^J su$M. See Oohtemp-
Uble, Base, Poor, Humble, PitifuL —
—(middling, moderate), J*to»^ wt-
tadil, )qL^ wviawQwii ; (m^aidly:.
Jj^ ioilM/. See Sordid, ATaiic»»
—Of mean birth, J-*^ <dU «dWt«^
Mean, t. (mediocrity), J^^xxc^ «t^
LrfA ii^Ma^, itLij ti'Matef- See l^
dium.— (the instrument nf measEt
used to any end), lAa-a^^ «edii^A
wih9h\ See Cause.
Meantime, meanwhile, in the mean ti«s.
Ui-J haynamd, U*x:»^ ^niama, *uj
/Imd.
Mean, r. (signify), ,^ ^"^ ' (™^
jwaS ifewtfi. See Design, Purpoee,
Intend. [ta^awwtg wmk
Meander (winding of axiTer),^'^*
Meanest, ^/j U Ji-^ wfal m& ysfei
Meaning (design), ^Js- ^asm, jL* ""^
niyat. See Design, Intention.— fs?-
nification), ^j>jl^ ma^nc^ (pL J**
mtf^Snf).
Meanly, s^\j^Jijhikoldanatc4t; (wx*
out dignity), JjUp- J^ WW Were
uJp^L 5»7d sharaf.
Meanness, Jjlto- hahdrai, J J i«^ ^*
Baseness.— (want of liberality), ^
U-» ^fliam MiWfi, JasT htihd. S*
Avarice, Sordidness, Niggardlintf*-
Means (revenue), JU maZ (pi. i^f
amwdt), jjj rixk (pL j\jj\ ^'
See Fortune, Wealth, Biche8.-BTi^
means, «;^jJ^ J^ ^;^ mmkeitl^^
See Doubtless, Certainty.—??'
means,''lU1 a<20fi,'^ULSj ''Lef ^ ^
Aoft mm a/ tc^i^il^ See Kerer-
KEC
(803)
HES
Meant, JyoL* maimd, t>jft« mafhud.
See Designed, Signified.
Ueaslea, *,.nr*- hatbe.
Measurable, (j^Lilt JjU MbilathiydB.
Measure, (jmIJ kiya», jdJ kadar. See
Proportioii, Mean, Portion, Allotment;
Measurement; Quantity; Moderation.
— A measure, ^/wLa^ mikyds. A
measure for com or other dry goods,
J-^ kayl (pi. JLi'l alyal), iLS lay-
lat. Poetic measure,^^«^1 \J^h^ ^^"
%dn ashsht^, Yerse without just
measure, yj^jyra^ ghayr tnamUn.
Above measure, ^/mUj h lUd Jnyds,
Jk^)b bila hadd. See Immense. — As
70U measure, it will be measured to
you, ^1 jJ ^ JJ U^ hamd tddln tuddn,
Sleasure, v. f^\j kds, JIS^ kdl. And I
made a mark at the place where I stood, and
went round the dome measnnng its eircam-
ference, and lo ! it was fifty paces of full length,
^^ Jf^ ^J^^ ijfy J^ ^
leasured, (J^^^ makyUl,
feasurement, (jmLj kiyda. Measure-
ment of ground, <is^Luu« masdhaL
The science of measurement (geometry),
4».tMuw«If Jlc ^ilm al masdhat
[eaaarer, «. Jl^^ kayydh A land-
measurer, -. Wt massdh, ^joJi\ ».LL«
massdh al ard.
eat (flesh), ^ lahm. See Pood. —
(food), aUL ta^dm. Boast meat,
c^U kabdh.
echanical, mechanic (skilled in me-
chanics), CLifi\ ^^^Ji ^ Jlc ^lim
^ tarkih al aldt; (belonging to an art
^r trade), ^^Jj yaddl, (jj <^9if . See
kCean, Servile.
Mechanically, Cl>l^^1 Ac c^-^^ ,<^
^aZa' mtZ/ilft ^tfet al harakdt
Mechanic^ $. LZJi\ ^U idni^al&t. See
Artificer. [^f7m tarklh al aldt
Mechanism, mechanics, CL:fti\ s^^y Jie
Medal, 9, iL^ ttkks, ij^ kUneh. See
Coin. [meddle, Deal, Busy.
Meddle, v. Js^^t JJ taddkhal. See Inter-
Meddler, t. iUlx^.;*^ katir yhalabeh^
lyioi^fudulX,
Mediate, v. iLJ^^ JsL!jJ taddkhal wd-
titah, kwdy tawassat. See To interpose*
Mediation, ^U^ iM/d^t, \a2fy iawai*
»it. See Intercession.
Mediator, b. la^ «7(r«I^, ^^Ll lAo/t^.
Mediatrix, ^da^ilj wdsitah.
Medical, ^^^ tibhh The medical art,
Medicinal, ^J^ tibhi, ^[j^ shd/h See
Healing, Salutary.
Medicinally, medically, Jlc i^^^^y _]l^
K^^\^\\ ^ala* m^jih ^Im atttb.
Medicioe, JIa ^Idj, Ijj dawd, l1^
tibh. Isdtat
Mediocrity, Jljc^l i^tiddl, JLtL^ u>a-
Meditate^ v. Jiij tafakkar, jyaH tasauh-
<^n J»^'^ taammal. See Consider,
Beflect, Contemplate, Think; Con-
trive, Plan. — To meditate on the issue
of any thing, j^Jl iJ\c^ J^*'j taam-
fnalfi fjikibat al umur. And when he heard
his words, he smiled in his face ; but he medi^
tated upon employing some artifice against
him, and said, 1 must strive to effect the de«
struction of this man, 4^K m.^^^^ Uli
Meditation, ^^S[ijf ta/akhtr, iylj ialdwait
HEE
(804)
BlKl*
j^Si fadilr, J^'lj iaammul,jyaj tor
sawwir. See Tbofoght.
Meditative, jJi'l::^ mutamiUl, Jss^
muta/aUkir. {r^m.
Mediterranean sea, #. ^^J\jb^, hakr or-
Medium, ^j wattU. 8ee Middle.
Medlar, #. j^j^j ua^rur. The medlar-
tree, j^^J ijs^ ihajarui ta^rikr.
Medley, «. laL^ ihalt. See Mixture.
Medley, adj. ^^Jr^ tnaM^t See Con-
fused, Mingled.
Medullary, 15^ muibUM.
IS
Meed. Bee Reward, Present, Gift.
Meek, *J.^ hailm, m^^ 9aHm. See
Gentle, Mild. [See Soften.
Meeken, v. ^»Ji>- ^^^ ^malaho haUm.
Meekly, A^- J^ htkol hUm,
Meekness, A>- hUm. See Mildness,
Gentleness. [able.
Meet. See Fit, Proper, Qualified, Suit-
Meet, V. (on the road, encounter), t^A^
8ddaf. See Encounter.— (to assemble
or meet together), %-^i5^^ ^'tama^;
(to engage, encounter), l^j^ hdrdb.
See Fight.— To go out to meet a per-
son on the road on purpose, J-k£s-9\
iitakht^, 2(lj)U ^ i^AS' f^mal laho mu-
Uikdh.
Meeting, part. ^_^Sl< mtdOkl, uJjLa*«
muwdif, Bnt the chamberlain met her, and
said to her, Whither art thou going ? And she
answered. To the bath, L^ jL^i
Meeting, «. (assembly), (yJ^ tnajlis,
Lju^ jam^f^at, cU^yama^, Jas^
mahfal. See Assembly. — (encounter),
i\ji^ mulak&Jh JUj ^oiidl, U^\y^
muw&doiai. The meeting or conflux
of streams, J**«M«««Ji ^j(^^i^
mafma^mmahrffh ,<5sUor\cLMi-
teim 0 pretender to Iotb and affietifl ^
aLeepleBgnen, tad feeUnygs of raptnnwpiM
and ansety! Dost tiimi seek for a ism,
Odeeeiv«d, from the moon? Boesa^ss^
attain his wish from the moonF I «^
thee to ahitain from thjdedie. Fortar,^
and bewaie, for thou art exposed to per.'
^r^" ' *> ttT-^ J^rJ cT- '^ ^-^
^\ JUi J^ ♦^ ,:rJ^Mf^
/^
Meeting-house, ^^/Asr* «wfKt.
Meetly, meetnees. See Fitly, Rtaes.
Megrim, ^/^y^t^-? «w;«t *^* ^
Head-ache.
Melancholy, *. b^ «flirite, j^c ^k^^
^d^srlU mAnOA^^uiA. See Giiet
Melancholy, melancholic, ^j>' ^
fjAjsr^ mah&tin. See Gkwmy-miB^
Dismal. — To make melancholy, *^
^hamm. To dispel melancholy, ^^
^1 axdl al gham. To be or tesei
melancholy, Ju\ angham.
Melilot (plant), CJLC^ JJ^ ^' '
m«Zt%.
Meliorate, r. See Better, Improve.
V*.
Melliferous (producing honey), y^
Mellifluent, mellifluous (flowing «"-
honey), J-*U ^asO, J--** »«t*^ '
Mellow, tjyu*-« i»t»tofrf. SceB>
—(soft),'' j»r:U iwJ^m; (intoxicJ»^
^yL. M^trfin. See Drunk.
Mellow,f^.(becomemature),t/p^«^^'*
(to mi^Le mature), i^y^^ ^ ^
gaatat^.
jlE*1&
(805)
VES
Uellovness, \ji^\ ittkad. See Bipeneae.
— (BoftneBs), ^y6 wu^mai.
&[elodions, ^Jeu^ midrib. Bee Mndoal.
(meledioualy), L^Ja^j^^Jyoi huaifftin
mutrib,
IfelodioomesBy melodj, ^,J^^ cul^l
aswat tmdribat (pi. XUvll ^^^***^ hmn
annaphmat); Lju in^Mno^ (pi. cl^Uju
noffhmdt),
iCelon, «. Xsc\lu hattikhat. A bad or
unripe melon, ^^yii faUelU. A water
melon, (^/m^;^ jahosi,
ioLty V. (make liquid), (-J^^J daiffwab.
See Dissolye. — To melt gold, k,.X..i
9aikab dahab. To melt Bilver,
Mkab fuddah. To melt
(become liquid), c^\ J (^&. I behold
their footsteps, and melt with desire, and poor
forth my tears upon the places they haTO
trodden, hedging of Him irbo hath fufflicted
me by their separation that He will bless me
Bome day by a reunion, /»-^j^ l^j^
[elted, (..^ J ddyib.
belter,. «. S^^*^ mudawwib.
elting^, 9. L^^ jj tadudb, f^^y^ dawa-
ban. Melting gold or silver, <JLC»ii7
tasbik, i^S»a idkbf cLCmi Mii; (/mH.)'
ember, «. y^s. ^ad^ (pi. L^l 0^dS3).
embrane, b. c^l^ AV*^^9 Uai ghiM.
The membrane of the brain, iU jJ\ f\
utnm addim&ghf\JLi ghUhd, The mem-
brane which envelopes a child in the
womb, 4«MMA^ mmhlmat.
3mento, gjLiJ tafkirah, h\:S kindyat,
3ee ICemorial, Notice, Hint.
imoir, ^ JJ iatkirah.
Memorable^^jj ymkar,jy^t^ moBKhurf
^J^\ i--^\9 wdjib auiJbr.
Memorandum, «. x^s^ moMrah.
Memorial, 8, See Monument. — A me?
mortal (case or petition), JU- ^^e
i^rd hAL
Meihory (the recoUective faculty), i^\
^dailcfl alkuwat dlhdjkah; (remem-
brance),^^ J stir. To commit to
memory, laA>- hafM. To occur to the
memory, ^b ^\ \p^\ qfd iU bdUhi.
To recall to memory, dSU c^^- jdb
libdlihi.
Men (j?/. of man), Jl>y r^'a/. See
Mankind, People. — ^Men and devils,
Menace, v. J J^ iahaddad. See Threaten.
Menace, «. JJ J^ tahdid. See Threat.
Mend, v. (repair), aj^j ramram ; (im-
prove), J^ ioXlaK See Amend, Be-
pair. Correct, Improve, Inerease.— (to
become better), ^^Itf^okA. To mend
a garment, ^j rakka^,
Mendable, J^^ yuUuaUah, ^kJi\ ^^^
mumlm diddh, >^f^\ J^^ J^^
attathih. [iollik.
"ULefuder, «. /♦/•^ muramrm, J*^^ mu"
Mendicant, jJu fakir. See Beggar.
Menial. See Low, Mean. — ^A menial
servant, a4>\<^ khddm.
Menses, ^^^a^^ hayd, LmjI^ iijlc Mai
ann$9d. A menstruons woman, ^;a^I>.
hdyid, *^^ hdyidah.
Menstrual. See Monthly. — A men-
struum. See Dissolvent.
Mensuration, ^Lm.^ masdhai.
Mental, t^jt^ damlfi,^lA£ ^klJf^^\}
bdtini. See InteUectual, Ideal.
ICEB
(806)
MEB
lCantion,^JstZr,^«3JteaUMr. favour-
able or honourable meotioD, i^^^a^^J
tihrjamll. To mentioiiy^J wakar.
Mentioned, jji^iVt mtuknr,
Kercant^e,^^^c*^t;a^f,^^^2CV« matj<nf%.
A writing signed by a jadge confirm-
ing a mercantile agreement, ^^J^y
hmtrdto. \J^y^^ harayir.
Mercer, $. ksJ^j^^ harayirijAj^ ^
Merchandize, ij^^-ssT iijdrat\ (wares),
JU mdl (pL J'^l «i«frfi/), ^/*i5^
jim (pL {jii\»\ pjnd9\ ot^* mata^
(pi. XcL^I amti^at)^ ^^ itumd«A (pi.
ilwLtil akmiihat). One who sells mer-
chandize for others. J) J ddUah See
Broker. — To barter merchandize for
merchandize, J jU &3<2a/. See Barter,
Ezchan^. — And I was not in want of any-
thing, either of money or goods or merchandise.
I repented of my haring gone forth from my
city and set oat on a Toyage oTer the sea!
Merchant, #.^Ij <4;*r (pl.^^ iujj&r).
Know, 0 lords and gentlemen, that I had a
Neither, a merchant, who was one of the first
in rank among the most respectahle people and
merchants, ^^l^ ^\ f»\f^^ if jUU \^^1
Merchant-man, «.(trading-Ye88el),4..^^'.^
^^LsT markah tijciri.
Merciful, fn^j rahlm, (jJUii $kaftk,
fJJLuj^ mushfik* See Compassionate.
Mercifully, iAiuLi hi ihafakat, izy (J^
bikolfnarhamat,SAAJ^ J^ likolshafahat,
^&.%TQ^£^}\Jie9Bti^J^rMrhafnat SeeMarcy.
Merciless, ^JLLl Hj hild shttfahat. See
Inhuman, Sard-hearted.
Mercury, Jj^j %ayhdk. Tke pliuei
Mercnry, J^Uac ctrfdrtf.
Mercy, £4i>y« aMrAnMo^, ik^^ nW,
^ iA«/a2a<. See Compo^
o o
Tenderness.— (pardon), ^ ^ i /«*
have mercy and pardon and the hkasis^
of God ! ^\yij\^ JJ^\^ l^}\ 4^
And her fither said: O my daogfater, b;n
meicy on mel may God haYe menj* m tk
Mere, j^;i«^m«W,iaA5/flJW, ^^^^^^
The mcr« truth, ^j^\ jJ\ ^
auarih.
Kere,t,ij^.huhayrai. See Lake, Po^
Merely, \Jiifakai, L^ hi^i^nul^^^
tnahdan.
Meretricious, etc. See ^Wliorish.
Meridian, ^^ tuhri. The meridic
j\^\i^J^ fmfannahar. SeeK>i
day. — ^The meridian line, u^^
jlfi^ Jchait tmf annahdr.
MeridionaL See Southern.
Merit, J-iJ /«», jUrsLl wi^
jljkjo^f iiii^d. Merit 0r m^it££
reward, afLiLLs mtii&q/iiA, ^1 ^
Merited reward ^r puni8hment>|j?^fBSB
Meritorious, c-^\yJ\ u,.^a/«u'^ »w^
yt* auawab, ^UliUl i-r^l^ «w;«^ *
mtikd/dh.
Meritoriously,^^Jl ^...^Ij^ ^^ i< ■•"^
^n wdjib alafr, jliscL^ Ji^ hMi^'
kak. lUSkZ^^hmi^
Mermaid, #. ^\ u:-^ ftiiii tfS«.W.
Merrily, ^j|y**j hwirur^ — |^l^^^->-
Merriment, merrineas, ^J^ <«^- ^
Mirth.— And among Uiem are a dsai caflai ^
HEX
(807)
MID
Brahmans, a people who never drink wine;
but they are persons of pleasure, joy, sport,
and merriment, and are possessed of cameli,
horses, and catUe, ^^4m*J ^U>- *f^^
lP^^3 Jft;*£w^ fj\A^^ . And he ceased
not to enjoy a pleasant life and joyful heart,
and dilated bosom, with sport and merriment,
Merry, j^j**^ masrHr ^^^ji farhdn.
See Glad, Cheerful, Gay, Laughing. —
To make merry, .^ farrah.
Merry- Andrew, s. See Jack-pudding.
Merrymake, 9. See Make merry, Feast.
Mesh (interstice of a net), K^J^ ihahakat.
Mess, «. (dish of meat), aU^^j) laum
Message, 9, j^ ihabar, ZiL^ risdlai.
Messenger, «. Ay^j roiHl, Ju^lJf kdiid.
The messenger of good news, yuu^
Vf essiah, ^am^I o/ itumiA. [muboihshir,
y[essmate, «. i^UDI ^J:^ ra/ik atta^m,
^Ju nadlm.
if essaage, s. cs.^ 3ay/. See House,
fat (iMir/. /^tf^. o/ meet), uJoLmo^
musddaf. See Meet.
fetal, ^Jui*^ ma^dan,
fetalllc, metalline, iJJjc^ ma^danl,
f etamorphose, v, i/**^ma8akh. [inkxldh,
fetamorphose, n. metamorphosis,v_^lAJ\
f etapbor, #. ^\^ kindyat, :fj\ n "..M
isti^rah (pi. c:.9\^Ui^l tt^i^drd^).
Ietaphorical,metaphorio, ijTjW^ mo/dxf,
4^^\jci«jtM^i^dr!. Metaphorical expres-
aions, cuW^*"^^ muitalihdt,
[etaphorically, ijLs^ nu^'dtan, ij\/oJlh
M tsit^drat. To speak metaphorically,
Sj\msJI\ (jijai Jij takaUam hitarlk al
uti^drah.
Metaphysics, aK!\ ^ ^m al kaldm, Jx
Xn^yi ^Jy U ^i7m mdfawk attabl^t.
Mete, r.a. JU^l t^^a/. Upon this, there-
fore, I caused the wealth to be brought, and
meted it with a measure, and sent it by trusty
men, who went about with it through all the
districts (of the earth), CLy2:»-lJjLu^
ci^UjJl j^ ito^^ JIX^J Jdi^\j JU1\
Metemp8ychosis( transmigration of souls),
k^'ljdt attandiukh.
Meteor, <.(-^lf^«AaA<S^. Meteors, l^,^
ihuhhf L^jJl jUll aloidr al^alawiyat
Methinks, ^^^ ^le. ^M stnnl.
Method, L^^y iarill^ c^jL>1 mXilI,
^ ^ tarlk^ irjiclS kd^idah.
Methodical, c^^ murattab, Js:::^ mtfft-
^sim; (person), |*UaJ Vi,^^<«>-litf «dAii6
. nizdm. [hiintitdm.
MethodicaUy, C--J/J W iartih, j^UasjU
Methodise, v. w^j rattab, Joj nawm.
See Arrange, Eegulate.
Methought, ijj^ ^J^ ^ala* fikrh
Metonymically, f^l^^V bil kindyaL
Metonymy (rhetorical allusion), ij}^
kindyat.
Metre,yt^\ f^)ji^ mUdn aih»hi^r,^jojjC
^rUd, XJU kdfiyatyjB^, hahar.
Metrical,^^^^ musajja^^^jjymawtikn.
Metropolis, 8, iL^^jJiS j\i^ ddr asidltanat^
JUyi^) j\j ddr alhukumat, A metro-
politan, ^^^^ matrdn.
Mew, t. (cage), ^joki kafoi. To mew as
a cat, i^y natDwa\
Mezereon, t^yijj^ mdMoriyHn.
Mice {pi, of mouse), ^]^ flrdn*
Mid, v-o.n> 9M{/1
MID
(808)
MIL
Mid-daj,^ s«^, jlfJI i^Jloj ntuf an-
ndhdr. At mid-day, ^^\ ^,b^ _5
/{ noifatmahdr.
Middle, Lm^^ t^Ml ^, lJ'^ wasatl, \2^\^
ipd«fi^, ^B.nr.v.# flnim/Mt/l See Inter-
▼enient. — Of middle Btatore, )a^y^
Z^\li\ muUttcasiit al kdmaL
Middle, «. )a^^ wauU, u^&a} na$f (pi.
uJUd3\ anidf)f h-iy<># mutawamt,
JjOA^ mu^tadU. The middle of a
house, ^L»*L» «d^a^ ^\jJl ^;^^ mA»
adddr. See Court, Square. — Keeping
the middle, adf. ^Q^n;^ mimta$i/. To
penetrate into the middle, \x^^ j£>- J
dakhdl lit watt. In the middle, L« ^
^^/i fftd ^oyn, k«ijl\ iJ fl al wasaL
In the middle of the day, v»fl.flj _}
jl^\ /{ ikw/ aniuiAclr. In the middle
of the night, JJJ\ ^,Lai _3 /t iim/
a/20y/. In the middle of winter, ^
\sJii\ krfj yt t9M0^ ashihUd, In the
middle of the city, jJJl uJ^ ^ yt
naaf al halad.
Middling, \^^j\^ muUnoasnt. See Middle.
Anything of a middling sort, Lw^ wa»ai.
Midland, jJ^\ ]a^j i^f^ wasat al hair.
Mid-leg, jjlwJl ^-tt^nj fuufaiidi.
Midmost, ^Ji^ tpasati.
Midnight, JJJt j—b^ noifdl layh At
midnight, JJJt ia^j^ ^ /! woiat al
M
2ii^/. Till midnight^ JJJl l«p>a> ^t
il(^ noBfallayl.
Mid-sea, jf^l Iom.^^ J fl unuat al hahr.
Midst, ^ 3<iy». See Middle. — ^In the
midst of tihe people, ^/mUI ^ hayn
anndfi. In the midst of the journey,
jsul] L5\ jJ /I asnd aasafar.
MidBummer, ^gj.rr!^ ^JJ ^ fl h&
auanf.
Midway (middle between two ^bm\
Ji^\ wjL^ muf attarlk ; in ie
middle of the way or passage, L^ ^i
(jij^\ fi wasai aUartk,
Midwife, t. ^U haMih (pi. Jf^ J«i-
M), li\j ddyih.
Midwinter, \sJuA\ k^ toatal othMi.
Mien, ^^ tciyll, Jai^ mmiar. See
Look, Aspect, Countenance.
Might (power), ijSs kmdrai, s^ H«^
j\s:j\ iktidar. Jlilt tohU. SeeFowe,
Force, Strength, Grreatness.
Mightily, SjLij (t $Mddai, ijSsJ-
htJtol kudrat, iy JC; &s£o/ l^v^. See
Powerfully, Vigorously, Greafly, Tie-
lently, Vehemently.
Mightiness, ijSi hudraL See Mi^^
Greatness, Majesty.
Mighty, (jy kau^fjj\j iddir,J^^^-
dlr,jAiLt muktadir, iy ^.^..^^Uifli^
kUioat. See Powerful, Strong— [iii >
great degree), \Jc^juklan, 0 Portia
thou pitiest me not, nor oomfortest me! ^
hold, my heart is between afflictioD aodpfl"^
Will you not hare compassion on i^t v^,
whom lore has abased, and the weahhy v^^
reduced to poverty r ^Jlc ^J^^^^i
Migration, JIai31 intihdl, ,^<s^ Hr
^luAit iafaskdn. See EmigratioL
Milch cow, «. <oi». ^ 5«A»ni i(tf^
Mild, Ju^ haUm, ^jJ^jW ^ 1^*
annafg, ^^^j wadl^ (pi. Ujj im^t'
See Soft, Kind, Tender, Gentle, Ci«'
passionate.
MIL
(809)
IQK
Mildly, ^ J^ hikolhtlm.
Mildness, Jl^ hUm. See (Gentleness,
Clemency, Compassion, Tenderness.
Mile, «. Jm^ mil.
Mile-stone, ^Jei^ Ltix^ ^aldnuU attarik,
Sj\x^ mandrdh.
Milfoil, \jij3 harhard.
Military, ^J^^^ janghHf lk^j^^ haril,
tjr^Lufi ^oiibrf . Military aSsm,jyti\
i^y^\ alumUr al harhiyat. Military,
milice, militia, ^Cm*^ ^kar^ See Army.
MHk, U;.Jl>. hahh.
MUk, v.\1a^ halab. {lihai).
Blilker, «. c^U- hdia (fem. U\^ Ad-
Milking, i, c,.J,». halb.
Hilkman, «. k-.^«JL>- ew 5ayyd^Aaft5.
M[!ilk white, ^ja*)\ abyad. See White.
^ilky (consisting of or ahonnding in
milk), ^^^Jia- Ao^iZ.
klill, «. h^^ tdhnnai. A horse-mill,
^1 Jl« maddr, A wind-mill, lyb jj^^
tdhun hawd. A water-mill, t« ^^U?
tdhun md, A hand-mill, lUsr'^ ma^-
hanat. An oil-mill, iya«^ ma^arah,
(ill, r. ^;^ ^aAan, ^iCa j J <2ait ttibb.
See Grind, Coin.
(illepedes, _Le |*1 fimm ^aA, ^^^^ (^^
^^^aiujI^ tfmm 0r3^a^ W0 arht^n. See
Centipede.
[iller, #. ^J^ tahhdn.
[illesimal (the thousandth), ^j^4X>-|^
v.^!l1 todhid mm al aJf,
iill-borse, t.^^Uo ^JuJti^ kUfsh tdhUn*
illion, «.^^«L« maJyUn,i^\ f^\ alfalf.
ill-stone, «. ^jy^^\j^hqfir Mdhnn.
Ul- wheel, «. ^^iLSl cJSI^J (^aZdd
It, #. Jl^ MAd/. See Spleen.
Mimic, mime, mimer, «. iXli^ mniaUii.
See Imitator, Buffoon.
Mimic, mimical, ^^JulA7 taihii.
Mimically, J>JirJt ^^ ^lu^o/^ attaklldm
Mimic, i. jJi kaUad,
Mimicry, jJi7 ^tf^ftJ. See Imitation.
Mince, v. (cut small), ^^ faram.
Mind, «.^l»- hhatiffj^Jk^ damlr, Jlj
&d/, Jic ^ahl, J^ Jlkr. Having an
enlightened or enlarged mind, at^', j^
cJiJl mwnawvoar al kalb. And she
looked to tbe right and left, and tben shnf the
window and disappeared. Fire had been shot
into my heart, and my mind was absorbed by
her : my hatred of women was tamed into lore,
•*
SLsf^ ZomJ^S cU'wAiit^ l|j t^J^^ • He
could not rest nor be patient, and he ceased not
to suffer agitation of mind and transport, until
the night came, ^jlk> (^jj[i^ ^jH (^^
JJill (j£>> J . I ask the wind respecting
yon wheneTar it bloweth, and none bat yon erer
ocGurreth to my mind, ^y^i J^|^
Mind, p. (mark, attend to), ^UJl tntdbah.
Minded (indinahle), JjU mdytl. See
Desirous.
Mindful, ^\^ wd^, Sjx^ muntMh.
See Attentiye. Happy is the seirant who is
mindftil of his sin, who fears his Lord, who
acts aright and does good, and who prepares
his provision for the day of judgment,
Mindfulness, iji^ hoilrat. See Atten-
tion, Begard. [Careless.
Mindless, JiU yhdJU. See Inattentive,
Mine (possessive pronoun), ^ts mdli.
vm
(810)
™ ' "
IpDA, f . (of metals), ^jJJt^ ma^an (pL
^jW# ma^ddan). A mine dog onder
fortifications, Ji lughm.
Mine, v. c--^ nahdb, Ji J^«x ^amal
lughm. See Dig, Sap, Undermine.
Miner, «. ^judm^ muhandii.
Mineral, (Jjm^ tna^danl. Mineral j nice,
(J Jm^^^^mo^ ^Mfr ma^iiaitX. A mineral,
^^Sm^ ma^dan. See Metal. So they
entered the first chamber, and they found it
filled with gold and white silver, and pearls
and jewels, and jacinths and precious minerals,
Iplle ifjj^y J^l lA^^ ^^'^
Mineralist, ^jUJb JU ^d/tm ^i7 ma-
Mineralogy, ^oU^il Jx ^Um al ma^ddin*
Mingle, r. LU. ibAo/a^. See Mix.— (to
be mixed), t^Li-* ^L #dr makhlut
Minister, 9, (of state), ^J^ trasir (pi.
\jj^ wuMra), The prime minister,
UieSl^J^l a/ fTosIr a^ a^m; (an
agent), J^^ «7aif/, c^U fidy*J; (a
Christian priest), (jmMj^ ahammds (pi.
^am^UJ!) #^mdf?MaO. The ministers
of state, il^jJl^jLcl a^ydn addawlat,
il^ji\ l^^ wukald addawlat. The min-
isters or plenipotentiaries of both sides,
^»^J^\ ^ icukald attarafln* To min-
ister, ^JcL khadam.
Ministry, ministration, Ltj^sL kkidmat.
See Service, Office.— (dignity or office
of ministers of state), ij\j^ watdrat---
(dignity of prime minister), i^j^
^^^•Jm!! ipozdrai al ^tna\ The min-
istry, dJ^jJl ^J^j\ arkdn addawlat^
^'MuiS ^j\ arkdn aualtanat
Mininm.^arj %anjifr, ^y)L 9aldkun.
See Bed lead.
Minor,^^^ oi^Aar. See Leaa.— (pettjX
jJli^ ioghlr; (nnder age), ^l*
ghaiyr Idligh,
Minor, «. (one nnder age), ^^jJi\
mghlr attm. The minor piopositiii
of a syllogism, ^yt^ tughrt^.
Minority (the smaller nnmber),yci«!1 JJ^
^adad al oighar ; (being under age],.
^jtA\JLifi iughr auin.
Minstrel. See Mosician.
Minstrelsy. See Music.
Mint (plant), cUiu na^na^; (a plan
where money is coined), ^IsL l^^
darh khdna, l^j^\j\j dor addari.
To mint (coin), (^d Mai, <-rv^ ^^*
^lCi J J dak iikk^.
Minute, dA^J daklkai. A minute d
time), Lsf^ lamhai, dirt ^ lak^.
(memorandum), aJyu*^ mumwwadst.
Minutely, UjJCj hikd dikktU, ^
Minuteness, ^ J dikkat. See Exactses.
— (smallness), jAi0 sughr.
Miracle, #. dy^yjgf ^ajihat, ^j^\ aifuhc.
Miracles, cijUjS*^ mtfytsd^, u--^lp
^ajdyib, c,,.^'»"la\ tf^a;'^5. See Sifc*
Wonder.
Miraculous, v,,.^jy^ ^a;t&. SeeWonderfa!
Mirage, c^-^]^ aord^. As though it (tbf
world) were the mirage of the plain, wbri
the tmrsty imagineth to he wat^ : the I^'-
adometh it for man until death, If. i
Mirror, «. il 1^ mtraai (pi. bt^ Mtnof*:
Mirth, j»jM turUr, LLmiJI tn^Md^ i.-^
moiorrai, \Lc iafd, is^> ^ah'oL •. J
farah, m^^\ ibtihdj. See Memioe*
Gaiety, Cheerfulness, Gladness Joj.
MIS
(811)
MIS
Mirthful, jji^^duu^ manrur. See Merry.
Misacceptation, JJ^b JL^ hhaydl Idtil,
Misapplication, ilftil^l l#Jift ^adam al
muwafakaL
Misbecome, v, ^St« m&lSk.
Misbegotten, l3j jJ^ walad zind.
Misbehave, v, ijJ\ jIS kallal adahako*
Misbehaviour, c^jDt ^^J^ ^adam aladah.
Misbelief, ^J^Sf >tXfi ^adam addln, /^Sc
^Uj^i ^adam al imdn, oU:;^!! ^tXe
^adamali^ikdd,ji^ ku/r. See Impiety,
Incredulity.
Misbeliever,^!^ idfir. See Infidel*
Miscalculate, r. c^Um^I ^ laLc J^^^fi
^ama^ ghalatft al hiidh.
Miscarriage (the unhappy event of an
undertaking), ^^>sf^ /» J^ ^adam najdh;
(abortion), WLL^s! tskdtf ^Jb ttrk,
^^ji^\ LlLrfl uhdt aljanin.
Miscarry, v. \^^r^Jo tirhat.
Miscellaneous, Jy^:^ mtUafarrik, Jp^ls^
makhliUy c y^^ tnafmH^. A miscel-
laneous multitude, iii\i^\ atohdsh.
I^iscellany, «. d^y^js^ majmu^f.
MLischance, L laid, LoJ iadd, Xjblj
ddhiffat,
y^ischief, i^ i0r<ir, bjJt^ mudarrat
See Injury, Hurt, Harm, Evil. — Put
this seal-ring upon thj finger, and thou wilt
be secure from drowning and from other acci-
dents, and from the mischief and noxiousness
of the heasts of the sea and its whales,
^\ L^\j^j^ ^j Xj^ ^j J/i\ ^^
^iachievou8,yi^ mudirr, SuJi^ mu/st
jjJ^ iharir. See Hurtful, Pernicious.
— (malicious), ^^J; radl. See Male-
Yolent, Spiteful.
Mischievously, ij\ *^j^j^ J>^ l*^ol tharrin
wa raddwat.
Misconception, j ( « Bahn, Vi \r. ghalat,
cJ\ji2\ A«Xc ^adam idrdk. See Mistake,
Misconstruction. [Misbehaviour.
Misconduct, ^/J; vli^ auluh radl. See
Misconstruction, /Ji^\ (Jt^^ /««xc ^adam
tawftk al Jcaldm.
Misdeed, misdemeanor, i^^-3j tanh,
Ua^;- khatd, l^ Li hahdhat. See Crime.
Miser, «. J-^ar laJthll, ^^m^i^j^* ^^l<,
Miserable (wretched), JJ J sa/l?, ^S^^
matkin or mtJ^fi, ^J-^ «^^2.
Miserably, ^Cu.^^ Jij 3t^/ iTkW^na^,
2f^lL2»j^Jj J^ hikol zUlin wa ihikd-
waL See Unhappily, Wretchedly.
Misery, miserableness (wretchedness),
Jj till, <faC*x^ nuukanat, L 5ate (pi.
bL haldyd), ijlJLl $hakdwat, yi fukr.
See Adversity, Misfortune.
Misfortune, lb 3ate, LaJ £aid, <Lj»»\j
ddhiyat, ISj nakbat. Grieve not on
account of nocturnal calamities and misfortunes,
since cTery affliction will have its final end !
And he whose death is decreed to take place in
one land, will not die in any other hut that land.
Send not thy messenger on a commiBsion of
great importance, for the soul has no fiuthful
minister save itself! 4jjIs) c J^Hj
4 ^y*i u^ \u^j^ ^'s^ t-^^
* s
* \jb\^ Zs^U ^^Jc^ Ui
Misgovemment, ^S^\ ^tXc ^adam al
hukm. See Mal-administration.
Misguidance, j;j^l ^ iSLa daldlat ^an
Misguide, r. ^ibi ghath. [attarlk.
Misinformation, sj'^ji^j :* '^ khahar
ghayr iddik, (^^j^ khahar kM,
MIS
(812)
MIX
Misjudge, v. (mgAyAh J^ t« md haiam
bH ttueilh. [lilcek DisapproTe.
Mislike, v. (.-><»- 1« fli4 Xoi. See Dis-
Miflmanage, v.j^Jjj^ ^j^i^Aji^ l£;>'\
Qjrd al ^amal mtn ghayr tadMrm
MiBmanagementy^JcJt aJ^ ^adam aU
tadhlr, [tempti Scorn.
MieprisioD, j\aj:^ thtikdr. See Gon-
Misproportion,9. Af ^ ^j^\:^\ ^\j U
md rd^a^ al mundiobatfl ^malo.
Misrelate, misrecitcy misreport, v, (relate
inaccurately and falsely). See Misre-
present.
Misrepresent, v. _^Ul2j« ifjUII^^ U
ma hhahhar al maddat mishndhl, j^J
ifjijSj tatowar tahriraho.
Misrepresented, ^ isf^'ij^ hhabar Id
tahhat laho.
Misrepresentation, (j^^Jj talbUy j*^
^ is^i Uihbir Id aahhat laho. See
Misinformation. [al nUhdn.
Miss, V. (the mark),^Luuu«:Jl ^l2:S^\akhta'
Miss, 9, (loss), jyai kua^, ^^oaj naia,
^^L^ nuhdn, Cy-^jr ^oyJ. See Want,
also Error, Mistake.
Missal (mass-book), JLm^ mUdl, l^\s^
(jM^Jill ^1^^ 0^ kidddt.
Mission, JL^l ar«d/, £JL| rUdlat.
MisaiTe, JL,V\ JjIj ito3t7 al indl. A
missive, XJL^^ rudlai, Eepair with
tbiB my note to your master, and bring me an
answer to it; and he took the miasiye and
went with it to his master ! u.*^ j1
2rju^ ^\ \a» ^yj ilL»Ji\ i^\i
Misspend, v. (money), j^ ^ ttj^
j^i*** kharqf mm ghayr macna\ See
m
Waste, Dissipate. [%dj akhdar.
Missy (a sulphate of iron).
• •
Wj
Mistake, v. Uss;- 1:^ J-fi»- hml
khaid, jyaS ^.^-^ ^J^a^ katal
kusar, Jj %ally iaii gheUt, i:^
A^ hasal mmnoh tahu, laLi 4^4^ ^m
yAoZo^. See Err, Blunder, Mistaht
Miscalculate, Misrepresent.
Mistake, <. Ua:^ it^^, ^f^ Mibu,^.;i
ibwar, \Alghdlat, \al^ sakai, ilj uS^
See Error, Blunder, Misooncepti(»L
Mistaken, ^Ualc ghaUdn, b^JU awf tfe
Mistaking, adf, ^Ueaii gkaUdm,
Mistakingly, ^fJ\ ^y Mw^l «MiC
Mistell, V. See Misofepresent
Mistress, «. ijL^ nU, ^^^^ ^^^'^^
See Lady. — The mistresB of a frnih.
cu^\ X«^U fdMo^ ml iayt; {1
Bweethearti alto ooncubine), ^-^
8dhtbai, Lj^mm^ mm^Hkat, ^j*^
mahbiibai, imm^r*- habfbat. [p'o^
Mistrust See Distrust, Diffidence, Ss-
Misunderstanding, s. ^Is^ wuikkdUki
icjL^ mundsM^ai, i^ls^\ tJAtikr
jliJl M*X£. ^adam tUifiJt, iA3\y^ 0^
^adam muwdfakat. See Diffefcos.
Quarrel, Misconception, Errmr.
Mite, 9, (insect), Z^y^ tiUai. [ds*a-
Mithridate (medicine), ^^Jsj J^^^ mur*-
Mitigate, v. ^ layyam^ uJtl Ui^'-
v^JJb haddtf. See Soften. MoDiij
Moderate. \U^
Mitigation, f^Juias^ tMflf, ^,m ( -'
Mitre, «. ^\j idj\ A bishop's isiat
Mi2, V, Ulck khalat.
Mixed, t^Lsr* mai^A/ilf, ^^^/^^ «mvk'
An animal of a mixed breed, %^/
murakkab, [iiilu->
Mixture, mixtion, LL;^ Us^ jrli>
MOD
(813)
MOD
Moan, f . ^ ndh. See OroaBi GrieTe,
Mourn.
Moan, 9, i^-y nawhai, IG hakd or hikd.
See Lamentation, Groan.
Moat, 8, (ditch round a town, castle, etc.),
>- hhandak.
Mob, «. |#l>- J ;f iidthdm ; (a tumnltuous
ront), i^ JUnat, See Crowd, Biot
Mobile, mobility, i^Lf ^wdm, ^/mUI \ a Lc
^awdm atrnda. See Mob.
Mock, V. (deride), ^Lcj^j***^ tamatikhar
^<da\ ^Jlc cl^AT^ <&Atfi& ^ab'. See
Langh at,Bidicule,Mimic. — (to elude),
(jLu ta^aUal,
Mock (not real), i/Juii7 tajtitdl, j^y*
muzawwar, {^^^ kM. See Counterfeit.
Mock, mockery (derision), CJisf^ Uh
dahhakyjsf**^^ tatnaskhur, \jfmJ\ utihtd.
See Eidicule, Scorn.
Mocked, ifjsf'^ maskharahy ^ i^jfJ^^^
musUihza* hiki.
Mocker, #. i<-)^-^ CJi>^ li ddhik ^ala\
^Jl£ ^^^^fUM^ fMuiahil ^ala\
'M.oe)diig,part,,^\f^MAy9mu»tahMl, Mock-
iTiglj,\jf>^\j hiistilad,\jJi£^tahIaran.
Mode, ijy^ tHratf ^U^j wajh, c^^JujI
asluh (pi. c,.'^ J IL^l a«d/f^), Jly^
manwdl, ^ji)o iarlk, J^ <At;^ (pi.
JlLl\ MAJ&dZ), irjj^li kd^idah. See
Manner, Method, Pashion, Habit,
Custom, Form, Appearance; Orada-
tion. — A musical mode, a\a^ makdm.
Model, «. i^lS kdliby i^Jj kadwat or
Jkidicat ^..^i^ noikhat. See Copy,
Pattern, Example, Standard, Mould.
ICoderate (not excessive), J Joa^ mu^to-
iftJ, kudys^ matmo0mi. Moderate in
temper, aA^. JkiA«i, ^-'^^j^ mnaddab.
See Temperate, Mild.— Moderate wea-
ther, J Jcjc« lyb ^H0d mu^tadH.
Moderate, i^.la^dMa;^. SeeGoTem,Bule,
Eestrain. — (to pacify, still, quiet),
^5JJb hadda* ; (to make temperate),
J JCLx^ Ajkc ^amalaho mu^tadtl.
Moderately (mildly), Jl>- J^ M<^ At7in ;
(with temperature), Jfjcxl J^ Mb/
i^iddl, i^cjL^mu^tadilan; (inamiddle
degree), ^Ja^ajll ^J*^ ^ darqfat al
wasia*. [Temperateness.
Moderateness, J^Jl r>— rl i^tiddl. See
Moderation (calnmess of temper), ^UJ
^^d/a^,^U!l ^Li.;^*!?! itmlndn al
khdtir^ i^Lo}^ iiMa/, ZcUS ibnd^a/;
(forbearance, lenity), J^iar ^oAammo/.
Moderation in expense,^^^ b J 1 jcxSt
(»J^ ..d^Jlj «/ t^tiddl hil kharqj teal
moiruf, ujiloll a tXc ^^m aiialaf.
Moderator, i-ji*^ mudahhir, sS\^hdkim,
<^^y mUaddib,
Modem, JjJ^jadld. See Late, Recent,
New. — The modems, ^^^Li-Jl a/
mutaakhkhirin. The language of the
modems, ^^^li^f ^^^^^^^ ^Mdn al
mutaakhkhirin.
Modest (bashful), m fl* %v^ muhtashim ;
(not arrogant nor impudent), (^3y
mUaddah, w^^I^jil^ mutawddi^ ; (not
nnchaste),^\W tdMr^ OJb\j zdhtd. See
Chaste. [hihishtnai.
Modestly (not presumptuously), iAJmosT
Modesty, L>^ hayd, j\jj wakdr ^f^^
iawddu^i (chastity), ^L-|^ tahdrat,
He. ^ijai.
Modification, ^^^^J» tarklh, J ^ ^ Ai
Uuhikil, LiS ka^gfiyai, jiJu taghylr.
T£oditYfP.{foxm)fimJUi kaif^af. SeeShape,
MOH
(814)
MOU
Form. — (to moderate), Jja«^ *-Lix
vamdlaho mu^adil. Bee Temper.
Modifiable, modificable, JjJucJl J-jli
kdhU atta^l, jikJci\ jL^ mumkin
attaghylr.
Modulate, v. Ujill S-^J rattal al ghind,
ij^\ Uoi nanam annaghmak.
Modulation, IjJlJ noffhmat, Lxe ghind,
^^ lahn.
Mohammed, properly Mahdmmdd (the
founder of the Muhammadan religion),
O^ksr^ tnuhammad.
Moiety, uJ-^ nasf. See Half. [Damp.
Moist (humid), v-^ reUh, See Wet,
Moisten, v, l^^j rattah.
Moistened, JL^^ mutahaUil, J^l*^ »w«5-
/flZ. To be moistened, JyJ\ anJa/.
Moistener, ». Jl^ Jo?i7, or j3L/t muhallil.
Moistness, moisture, hjbj rutQhat, iii\dj
naddwat. See Humidity.
Mole, «. (animal), jJls;^ khild (pi. ^^*xS^
khilMn). A mole on the skin, JU*.
itAaJ. A mole (dike), J:>-U- hajit.
Molest, i>. ^J^J^ «a/;^fli ^a/a', jji?
jBoZaw, <--^«X£ ^atidb. See Disturb,
Trouble, Vex.
Molestation, jJ J^ <<m(?J^, uJ-KJ <«*-
ft/, Jiy 2tt/w, ^i y^m. See Vexation.
Molester, «. ciJy« wilat.
Mollify, r. ^j? layyan, i^s^ hadda\.
See Mitigate, Soften, Assuage, Pacify.
Mollification, ^^^ talyin. See Mitiga-
tion, Softening.
Mollifier, Jl^ mulayym.
Mollified, ^J^ tnulayyan.
Molten {f>ret. pan. of melt), i-^jJ^
mudawtoab.
Moment (importance), ij^j^ dururat,
iijjlj^ durnriyaU See Consequence,
Weight, Value. — ^A moment d time.
kai, ^^ iijb ia/rfai ^f », icL ^
In a moment, ^irr^*ir^ l5* -^ ^
cfn. Every moment, ^uJ J Ja &
dakikat Prom this moment, ^P >i
mm aZiSn.
Momentary, ^^5^^ wakti, Ju jfe^
^jU ^dr<2t. See Heeting.
Momentous, ^^ muAun, <jj[^^ 'i^*'
A momentous affair, /»f^/«1 wtrBi^
Monarch, #. vI>L« maUk.
Monarchal, monarchical, ^/^ «"^
JILL fftf/^dnf. See B^, Impa^
Monarchy, «. KL«^ mamlakaiy ^^^
saltanat, lljJ dawlat, cL^ «*^^
See Kingdom.
Monastery, «.^t3 <^yr. The head of i
monastery, ^Ji\ j^^ rayyet Mr
See Abbot.
Monastic, monastical, «JLa>i f»i*^
A monastic life, i^\-^j rMdnffd.
Monastically, Jjbl JixilJ t-^^;^j^
^ jjl ^«/a' mi2;V3 kawd^id dU Mf-
Monday, ^;*iJl' a^. yawm cd atmf^
Money, dLL«\jt^ mu^mdeh^ Ji) *^
(pi. 0^ nukud), ^\j*i dordhim. S«
Coin, Specie; Wealth, Riches.-B«^
money, ^^joj nahdn, Jyu nukui* T
buy "with ready money, ,yki\j u/-
uhtard' lil nakd. Money paid in i-
vance, i-jLa *ai<i/'. To lend mcKj
J^^kard. See Lend.— To pay bckj
^j f^a'. A sum of money, j*-*
ma^^A (pl. ^L« mMKfik). AfJ
place where money is ^ent, \Jf^
nuuraf. Earnest money, ^jjj-*ij'»t^
To change money, uJ/« Mr»/
MOST
(815)
HOO
ft
money-cbangeri l^\j^ iarrAf, See
Banker. — A money-bag, M3b\jJ \ju^
1d8 dardhm. See Purse. [See Eich.
foneyed, aJ^I^J c^^^k^L^ sdhtb dardhm.
iloneylesSy ^/Jii^ mt^is. See Poor.
Ilonger, c w hayyd^ See Dealer, Seller.
Fishmonger, CjC^..* 9 w hayyd^Bamdk.
ilonitor, «. ^l3 nd<tA, jjo^ mumirf
Honitory (giving admonition), ^U ndsih.
Monk, «. v-^^^j raAiJ (pi. ^^L^^ rwA-
5dn), (jm^^amJ ^«f«. To make a monk,
v.^Jb|i &A»>^j rasamdko rdhib. To be-
come a monk, l-^^^ (^'^^ (rtasam
rdhih. [sa^dn. See Ape.
Bfonkey, «. ^j^-j-^^ maymUn, ^fj^iuj
tfonocolar, monoculous (one-eyed), j^l
<7^trar (fem. \i^ ^at^ra).
^Conogram, iJiL toghrd. See Cipher.
Ilonopolist, «. (^j^ intdta%im»
&[oaopolize,^^Jl:x».l iMakar, aj:J\ dUaam.
Mionosyllable, 9. i(S^\^ JLsdH l^ XJ^
halimat flhd tahjiyat wdhidah,
Monotony, ^^ J^ /ari Mn.
Konsoon, $, (probably a European cor-
raption of Jt»^y mawsam^ \ season').
Monster, », .^w« mcuHhh, fjL^jiie. ^frit.
Monstrous,
mamsukh, i^xkr'
sakhta. See Strange, Wonderful ; Ir-
regular, Enormous; Shocking, Hateful.
Monstrously, <<nj^lnll ^ TTJ^^iy^. ^*
naw^in khdrij ^an attabl^at,
Month,^^.^ Bhahr (pi. jy^ »huhikr\
j^\ (uhhur. The end of the month,
j^\j:>Ji dkhir a8h8hahr,j^\ L^^lr.
^kb athshahr. The first ten days of
a month, f^\^\ atodyU. The second ten
days of a month, ]xJj\ awdiit The
last ten days of a month, j^^^^ awd-
khir. Prom month to month,^^ ^
j^ ^\ min Bhahr tV Bhahr, Eyery
month,^fl J^ kol Bhahr, A month's
mind, i^Au>- hoBrat, 'J^\ intkdr.
See Longing desire.
Monthly, adj\ i^ji^ Bhah/rl, Monthlypay,
ij^bKj^ muBhdharat, 4^\^ mdhiyat.
Monument, «. (memorial), j^^fuuu^yl OBor
moBhhikr, iUle ^aldmat, A monu-
ment for the dead, Ji^ markad (pi.
jJ^y^ tnardkid), ijjJ turhat, ij^S^
makharaifJs kahr. See Tomb.
Mood (state), ^U- hdlat^ JU. Ad/;
(state of mind), ^lsr\ ^^Jl^ kayf al
khdtir. See Mode, State, Style.-^
(anger), w,.^.rti yhadah; (a style of
music), |#U^ makdm (pi. clii^tvU/*
ma^^md^).
Mood, b.j^ kamar. The new moon, Jlib
^d/. The new moon when just ap-
pearing, Jif^\ iBtihldl. The full
moon, jJj hadr. The change of the
moon, j^\ J^l>- hfdid al kamar*
Like the moon,^^^ \ ^Jl^ mxBl al kamar ,
J jj\ J^ mUl al hadr. The full moon
of religion (a proper name), ^^jJljJJ
badr addln. She spread forth three locks of
her hair one night, and this made them to-
gether four nights; an^ she turned up her
face towards the moon of heaven, and oy so
doing she showed me two moons at the same
instant, ^^ «-r^'^^ ^^^^ CLJfjJlJ
am
Moonlight, moonshine, ^^^iSf^ daw al
kamar.
Moon-8tone,y4ill ^ h^ar al kamar.
Moor, V. (a ship), \^yli\)auj rabai al
UOB
(816)
HOB
marJM ; (to be fixed or stationed), ^^^
raaa\ The mooiing-place of a ship,
Moot poiBt, «. (doubtful case),
^Jl^^ kadiyat mushkalai, fjCjL^j^\
amr mtuhkal.
Mop, f. ^*^\ L,i\i:^ jtmfdiat al mtuh.
Mope, V. (to beoome stupid, dull, sad),
JifJl inhahdl, im^JjAjBt^J^ sdrnu^'dnh.
Moral, ^ j1 addbif ^Iac caldl.
Moral, morality, morals, jls^-l akhlAk,
c!i^ mink, L^\J\ dd&h, Lj\j^\ in-
saniyat, JLiUal latdfat. See Manners.
— ^The science of morality, jlsi-ill Jx
^t7fn oZ akhldk.
Moralist, «. ^^.oT d(ft3, ^U ndtih,
jlU-Hl «<3Af^ risahtfl ^Im al akhldk.
Morbid, morbose, ^^f marid. See
Distempered, Diseased.
Morbidness, morbosity, ijoj^ marad.
Morbific (causing distemper), ^y^^
mumrid, ^y maradl.
More, if jIj ; ziyddat, jt^\ aktar, "Las
fadlan. See Greater. — To add more, jh
'tdd. See Augment. — To give more,
Sobj ^Jacl <z^^a' ziyddat. More ne-
cessary,
^J
1
atr;Vf5, AjJ!
alzam.
The more she showed reluctance to marry, so
much the more did ber suiton increase in
eagerness to marnr her. Then all the Kings
of the Interior Islands of China sent magnifi-
cent presents and rare masterpieces to her
fiither, with letters requesting her as a wife,
^liJ J^^ L5* '^^3 «*-i:<3l^. But
I must without'fail go to her a second time.
On hearing this, my disorder increased, and I
heoamie more and more iU. After aome days.
however, the old woman eamesgain, jC<
jy^\ uu^M (♦y Jju ^^l^ Uii. Aad
if he allege as a preAext to is the extcBtflCtis
dominions, the kingdom of &e son of cc
sister is more extensiTe than his kingdara, aad \t
has more numerous troops and aide-de-canp^:
for his kingdom is greater than the kin^6si
of her father, Lt^) \ ; > \ p S^\ ..*•
Moreover, d^J \4S^Us ma ^a2b siitiL
Morigerous, ^U? ^y»^. See Obediec**.
Morning, a. ^^>-Li0 M^dAl, i^^ *«•
Mom, the morning, «. <^v^ jtiiA, .L?
M^dA. Early in the mornings '^^
\Sj ^cUU hukrd. In the monusg.
Ir^V^ «M^Aai». Morning and evening
Uw«^ 4^^ Mi^A ioa maid, Oood mflo-
ing,^^^\ — L.0 4a5dA alkhayr. Tk
first money received for goods in i
morning, ...lifiiLydt utifldk. See Hsbo-
sel.— The morning star, .^t^f *^f
kawkab attubh, O nighty if thou nnit i^
awaj, fly not with wings, for there is no sott-
&ction to my eye in the morning ! How ce
I but hate the morning, since it is thereinto
the beautiful of face is to be remoTed avr
from me? ^j»^ ^\is^jJo^ JJjI W'
Morose, J^ »akll, (jm^ %haru.
Morrow (To-), \^ ghadeh. To-morrpif
night, Ijx^LL! laylat ykadek, [hik^
Morse (sea-horse), j^\ ^j^J fgrtt tl
Morsel, i. (mouthful), a^il ImimA, ul
hhnat (pL ^A lukam). In miwk
1£0S
(817)
MOY
^uil duil lukmeh lukmeh. Afterwards
he gave orders to bring tables of the richest
viands, comprising dishes of every kind ; and
the King ate, and put morsels into her mouth
until she was satisfied^^lia^-b^f ij\ ^
Mortal (deadly), JjlS k&ttl, il^
muMik, c:^j.4m» mumlL Bee Deadly,
Destractive. — (subject to death), iJSi
fan\\ (human), i^j**^, hashwri, (JLjI
tnsdni ; (extreme, Tiolent), Jj JJ» tha*
did* See Vehement.
Mortal, «. ^luuJ^ inidn.
Mortality, Ui /and, J.>»^ c^W, CJ^
ivMRT^. See Death, Destruction.*— A
great mortality, ^^j^U^ td^n, \i^ wabd.
See Epidemical distemper. — (human
nature), ^j^\ <i[<c>.>y\ attali^at al
iKuhariyat, LjKmJW hfj^^\ attabl^t ail
imdniyat,
Mortally, \^*^f ^^j^.^ naw^in mumU.
Mortar, s. (for pounding), ^^U Mii^cm ,*
(for building), ^^ ^. See Cement,
Plaster.
Mortification (gangrene), ^\ akikh;
(self-denial), ^jjL:i\jM^ haw annaf$,
i3\^\ amdtai, JJbJ suhd, ^\j riyddat.
See Abstinence^ Humiliation, Vexa-
tion, AlQ&ont.
Mortify, V. jb\Jd\jJ^ kasar alkMtir;
(to be abstemious), ^U\ (Jax, ^anud
amdtat; (to discourage, affront), ^Ul
ahdn. See Depress, Humble.
Mosque, $. (Muhammadan temple),
moifad. The great mosque,
\a^ jdmi^ The two mosques of
Mecca and Medinai i^^JuBf^^l atmoi-
yaddn.
Moss (of any kind), tUJif mhmfm.
Water-moss, \^'\/tr^ tahlab.
Most, j^\ aksar. For the most part,
mostly, ^il alaksar, UU gh&liban*
Most noxious, f^\^^^ hulr addarar.
Moth, «. L^^ tntat, cs*.^ ^it
Mother, $. aI umm, irjJIj ifidlidah. A
wife's mother, SIa»- hamdt A step-
mother (father's wife), L^i\ i\j^\ am-
root Mh, a)U> khdhh. The mother
of a fhmilr, l^^I^ L,^\^ adhibai aU
"hayi. See Mistress. —Mother of pearl,
(^Jutf iodaf, jSj! Jy^ ^tV^ ^A/fl* The
mother of oil, etc., l:;..<ojJ\^^ ^a^r
Motherhood, <U«\ ummiyaU
Motherless, a1 <)l!l.^ mdlaho umm.
Motherly, Ai\ J2^ tnM al umm.
Motion, !Sj^ hardkat ; (a proposition in
a public assembly), jjyiJ iakrlr, 4^«xaJ
takdimal, f^^ kadiyat, ij^*y^ mad^\
(^^Jik^ matlal. To make a motion,
X^ ^a/a^ Jcadiyat, The motion of the
pube, ^ja^\ ^j=>- harahat anndbt.
Motionless, £^ ^U mdlaho harahat,
^Lj sdhin.
Motive (giving motion), cJ^^r^ muhar-
rih, Themotivepowers, i&^^^ultv^^f
al huiffd al mutharrikah.
Motive, », ^'^'^ aahah, lL^\) hd^,
K„,^0^y^ mUjib, ^JLiilj wdaitah, Im
^ilkU, See Cause.
Motto, 3. ^Jiiij nahih, JulU ^aldmai.
The motto on a seal or ring, ^^fiJu
Ajlf^ nahsh hhdtim.
Movable, i^j^\ ^jL^^ mumhin al harahat,
cJJ^ yutaharrah, Jj\j sdyi7. See
62
IfOU
(818)
Hoir
EemoTable.— Not moTable, ^^fj^^j^
cJ^^U ghayr muiaharrik.
MovableQefls, l^j^\ ^ViLtf mkdn a/
ktirakat.
MoTabljy kl)j^^ muihmrik
Move, V, (give inoiion to anything),
cJf»- harrak. To move (tn^aiM.),
iaharrai. Unable to move,
A^j^i Id harahU laho. To move
(propose), (jOjC ^rad. See To make
amotion.— (to make melancholy ), ^*>^'
tawdan. And the heart of the old woman waa
moTed with compaaaioii for him, and his weep-
ing and lamenting grieved her. She then said
unto him, 0 my son, what is in this paper,
that it has made thee weep ? ll ^|^
i\^^ *j^ W^ (^j J^' s-^
Moyement, ^J>^ harxikiUtCJJjsa^tahrlk.
See Motion.
Kovedi cJ .^v^ mutakarrik.
Mover, i, cJjS^ muharrik ; (a proposer,
persuader), i^\j AtXL« mukaddim rdy,
A mover of mischief or sedition,
i:^\ i^jS^ muharrik alfitnat, s^jsr*
jLuilf muharrik dlfaBdd,
Moving, movent, part, C^js:^ muharrik.
Mould, 8. c^U kdlih. {^kdlib.
Mould, V. (form), k»Jli J^^*^ ^amal
Mouldable, v»J^a:u yatakawlah.
Moulded, L^^A^muibtr/a3. See Formed.
Moulder, «. \^^^ mukawlih, SeeMaker.
Moult, V. (shed or lose feathers), ^j
^mJj waka^ rishaho.
Mound, 8. Jud 8add. To mound or for-
tify with a mound, Jl«) J.a£ ^anui/
«a^, ^jm^aa^ ^^a^ ^amal tahln. See
Fortify.
Mount, 9. (go np), Jju0 aMiy ^^io UHh;
(to raise np), ^j rm/a^ To moont
on horseback, l^j rehei. See Hon^
back. — To monnt or rise in price, ^
m
gkaXUi. To monnt (embeDiah elote,
etc., with omamentB), ^JLsj imU,
Mountain, mount, «. (J^s^ jaM (pL
iJL>- jibdr). The top of a monntsiD,
J^\ U^b ^' i^0i«/. See Sonusit
Top. — From mountain to moimtain, ^
path or pass betweoi inoantns&
L^pjC ^k&b. Clefts in mountsiss,
,yu 8ughiLr. A. mount (little hiK\
Jj iaU (pi. Ji; ^tZfi/). Mount Ske,
^^«f^ ijf^ /0M 8ahy^n, Moos:
Sinai, L^j^ ^ur »Ind. Gibraltar.
j^iy 1 J«s»- yo^a/ att&rik. And h
its side a ^jeat mountain, reiy higti ; no «
could see its summit hv reason of its ejsemr'-
height, and no one haa the power to aseend^
>^' yj cf^^ f^ J;^ VK'
^Ij^JLiJl ^^ Sjdi S^i ^jml*
m
Mountain (found on or belonging to
mountains), _Lf^ya^a/^, ^JL^^^^foi-
8hl. See Wild"
Mountaineer, ^\^ jahah.
Mountainous, Ju^ jahdll.
Mourn, v. ^^ heun, ca^Ij ^««m^.
k.;^.o^ noAa^. See Lament, Grieve.^
(wear mourning), jl J^l ^^^^ kh«
al hiddd, (o^ hetfin. Then th^
continued the ceremonies of moumhtf .'"
him a whole month ; and the mde ^ vr
King, with his mother, and the danghtsf &
his uncle, came and consoled Uiem for the 1»
of the King his father, ^^^•XiU «f'^ »'
MOW
(819)
MXTL
Then the lords of the empire and the grandees
went in to the King and said nnto hint, 0
Kine of the Time, there is no harm in mourn-
ing for the King thy hiher ; hut mourning he-
cornea not any, save women. Therefore trouhle
not thy heart and ours hy mourning for thy
father, for he has died and left thee-, and he
who has left such as thou art is not dead,
t^gU ^j cLiliUj 2L5JU. l^)
Moamed, <uLc ^J^ nwXhoU ^a^yhi. See
Eegretted.
Moarner, *. f(\j ndffih, _^l> hdkl. See
Lamenter. — A company of female
xnoomers, iZj\>'\y ttawwdhdt.
Mournfol, ^J>- ha%in, ^y^k^maffhmUm,
^•^f^ mahsiun. See Melancholy,
Sorrowful. [jfham.
If oumfiillyy moomingly, ^ Jilj bikol
MoumfolnesSy ^ yAam, J\ alam, .y
nawh, ^y>- Afon. See Lamentation,
Sorrow, Grief.
ICouming haUts, j1j^»^ hUAd.
ICoose, «. y^U farak (fem. pL d^j^U
/drdt), yj^jf^ flrdn. A mouse trap,
^Lo $jLMtf/« moBifadat firdn.
f outh, «. ^ /«0i (pi. aUjI afmdm^
»\^\ afwdh). Belonging to the mouth,
i^ fummh The mouth or oriftce of
the stomach, 2jumJ1 j^s Jumm al mi^dat.
Xouthed (having a mouth), *5 ^ laho
Couthfnl, $, ^Ui! hikme or luknuU.
£ow, 9. (out down), Jua>- AmoJ.
lower, #. J^l>- Adni.
Much, j^ AMfr,^t^ wdjir, jiji ffhai&r.
Much time, j^ ^Uj lamdn AmIt.
Little wr muofa, ^;^^ J>tJ^ Aa^^ wa
huHr, Much rain, j^Ja^ tnatar
ibwfr. How much? a^ kam. Yery
much, <Obu highdyatf IJ^ jiddan.
Much the same (equal in quantity,
value, influence, etc.), JjtXf ^i^ff/.
See Equal.
Mucus (snot of the nose), i^lc^* mukhdL
Mud, ^jJ? ^7n, (J»-^ «>aA/.
Mud, V. (bury in the mud), ^jJaSb^^^
Muddiness,^^ ^akar, jty^ kadar. See
Foulness, Turbidness.
Muddy (turbid),jJk^c^fl?itf/aXa(l(^fr; (full
of mud), JifC^ muta^kkir. Muddy
water, ^J!jc^L« md mu^kkar, L«
t^sr^ md maAA&il^. To become muddy,
^ju ta^akkar. To muddy or make
muddy, ilc ^akkar.
Mufti (the first law officer among the
Muhammadans), ^^A/* mufti, [Cup.
Mug^ t,j^ kOM (pi. j\^\ akwd%). See
Mulberry, », tJDy tut. A wild mul-
berry, i^jj cjy ^fi/ barri.
Mulct, ^^j^' jarimat, ^\jA gJiardmaU
A mulct for murder or bloodshed. ^ J
diyat.
Mulct, V. M,^ jaram.
Mule, «. Jju 5a^A/ (pi. JU; lighdV).
Muleteer, «. JUi haghghal^ l5*?iA^ *^"
MuUeiu (plant), c^jJl ^!j idn oiMtfA.
Multangular, MjijJi^^ laAr MHkitiFdyd>
uJt^St^ hOir alatrdf.
Multifarious, multiform, JV^ ^^^ ^ "n ^
MUK"
(820)
MI7B
Multilatera], ^yai\j^ katfr tQfunHh
Multinominal, \Amii\j^ kailr al i$md.
ICnltipliable, multiplicable^ imJtji^\^jLt^
nmmJtm addarh, (^.j>j,aij yyndafib,
Hultiplicableneas, d^^^l^lC^I imkan
addarh, C/<A*'-
Maltiplicandy ^ i^^j,dAi\ al madrnh
Maltiplication,y IC takatur^j^^ij taktJr,
b_iUjl €ut^/. See Inorease. — Multi-
plication in arithmetiei <-ry^1 addarh.
Multiplicity, L|^\ tfrdtj ijl^ hmrat,
if jU j wiyAdai.
Multiplied, u.icLi« mudd^af^ <X[|^
mutatdytd; (in arithmetic), f^^^a^
madrnb.
Multiplier, 9. ^i^ mukatUr\ (in arith-
metic), (^j,a^ fMtdarrtb.
Multiply, p. (cause to increase), ^^ kai-
tar, j\j tad, v-JfU dd^f. To mul-
tiply arithmetically, <--^ darab ; (to
multiply or be multiplied), j:^ teUtt
j^j\^ sdr kailr.
Multitude, ip^ hatrat A multitude,
^A^ jam^, i£\A^ jamatft, A**-*^
jam^iyat A ^reat multitude, ^^
j^ jam^ Jtallr. [oub. Manifold.
Multitudinous, ^*^ ^adld. See Numer-
Mumbler, s, J^ax^ munaknik, Jm:>.^
mutakimkam. See Muttcrer, Grumbler.
Mummy, s, l*^v« mumld.
Mundane (belonging to the world), /<^^
^dlaml, ^yji^ dunyawH, i^^«^ ^^m-
ydtol.
Municipal, (J«x^ mudtmt.
Munificence, i^ls^ wkhatoat, t^j>'jud,
Ur" iakhd. See Liberality.
Munificent, i<c*^ MilAl, j\^ jitwwdd,
^i^ Wim. See Liberal, Generous.
Munificently, ^^j ij\jsr^ Jij WM »a-
khdwat wa karam. See LibenJlj,
Generously.
Muniment. See Fortifioatiaii, Soppol
Munition, jU^J ttMayir. See Pctt-
fication, Ammunition.
Mural, ^.Vijfv Atfy^f.
Murder, J:j ita^7. Self-mnrder, J:i
^ywAJliU^/aiifitf/f. Amnlctformindff,
j\j tor. See Mulct. — ^BatUe and mur-
der, J^^ ^j^ ^^ ^^ kUdl.
Murder, v. J^ katal. See KilL
Murdered, Jyi^ makinl, iJiAi^ wu»-
kata, J^ katil (fem. ILiJ isfiZa^
pi. Ibi i^u/a^d). When the Ehaleef^
beheld this, tean ran down his cheeks ; ai
looking towards Jaafar, he ezcl«med, O dof
of WezeerSf Bhall people be murdend in bt
time, and be thrown into the river, aad beesee
burdens upon my conseience and responailaiitT?
Murderer, i. JJU ite^t7, Jlii iaUdL 1
self-murderer, AamAj JjIj kSiUnrnfatk.
Murderess, «. ^li kdttlat.
Murdering, part, Jj»Ij ild^»7.
Murderous, Jli ib«fi/, UjJ^ tl^L
«£/£][; addamd. See Bloody, Cmel.
Murmur (complaint), JulCl «Aaibay^;
(confused noise), ^Ji karh^st, Ute
murmur of a crowd, <lIkLc ^AMfyUA
if^ dajjat.
Murmur, v. (complain), ,XuJ fai^fctf.
Murmnrer, ,. ^Ll t^oitf , ^^^ .Nrf.-
«AaUl. [JUywiMt
Murrain, 8. iJL^\j\y^\ ^ye}^ td^ d
MUS
(821)
MTJT
Muscle, «• (of the human body), iLde>
^adlat (pi. d^lLsf ^J&t).
Muscular, musculous, J«afr ^adl. Yerj
muscular, J^\j^ hatlr at ^adl,
Muse,^ JUtr. See Thought.
Muse, p. Jsi\ t/tatar, J^lJ tdmmal.
See Ponder, Think, Befieot— (to be
absent in mind), j\Cji\ ja^^ ^ jjXe,
ghdrik f% hahr al afh&r. A muser,
^Jc^ fmUafakkir.
Mueenm, «. uJ^lil ijjri^ JcJuanai atiuhuf.
Mushroom, s, irU^ kamdt.
Music, l)y natffhiU, \A^y tnlUiJI^. And
in it were ako instmrnente of murio and mirth,
and yarieties of beautiAil slaye nrls, oTeryone
ranged in good order, eocoraing to rank,
• •• -^ • '^p
Musical, ^Ju^y miUiJA. A musical
instrument, Ju^l JL!) nib^ ainawhat.
A performer on musical instruments,
cJUy tMwhatl. A musical tone, note,
or mode, |#U^ makdm. Musical notes,
LZj\^\Lt mak&m&L A musical air,
\^ hawa, LJu naghnat See Air, Song.
Musician, «. vJbJ natrid^I, JiHl 0^^.
Mask, uXiM^ ffNMi(. Turcoman musk,
i^Ka^Jj CjC»i>^ miMi^ turkmdnl. Per-
fumed with musk, <^^- t-f mumassah.
A dealer in musk, 4j,Cn>^ clL haggd^
tntuk, [kiyeh. See Oun.
iCasket, «. yJ^b hdrnde, ^Jcj ^tmi^t^
fusky, JIm*.>^ mtM^.
£aslin, UJu^^^ mtl«ftii<I.
dCusnlman, «. (Muhammadan believer),
^Jum^ miM/fifi (pi. ^^.mJu**^ mt»/»miii).
f nift (to be necessary, obliged), ^jH la%m.
Xou must eat, J^U d^Ji Idsim UM.
You must not eat, J^b A;)t« mA
l&um idhd. We must do what is
good,^l JmSu J^ Lie c-.^^jll ^J^
mm altoqfib ^alaytfla an nqf^al al khayr. Thou
knoweat, 0 King, that the Queen Joharah,
the daughter of our lord tiie Sing, must be
married ; for the sage saith, The ineritable lot
of the damsel is either marriage or the grave !
j^\ ^\ . I must endeaTour to accom-
plish this affair of the son of my sister, though
m^ life be lost thereby, sinee 1 was the cause
of this event ; and as I cast him into the seas
of her love, I will striTe to marry him to her ;
and may Ood aid and assist to that effect I
\ ^\ i>-U-*Li3 i^ ^^\ ^'iSi^
Mustaches, im^j\y $h»wdr%b.
Mustard, J<3^ khardal.
Muster, v. an ann7,^^Cujil\ ^Jlc ^uliy, J^f
^mal yoJdama ^M al ^kar.
Musty, ^2^«A^ mu^ffin. Musty bread,
Mutability, mutableness, f\^^ mSa ^adam
Aifrdm, d^Lj i*«Xe ^adam sabdt, jJu
iaghayyur. See Uncertainty.
Mutable, j\J aSU mtf/^^ kardr, ^U
CI^Lj mdJei^fa^d/, -JtL<« mutaghayyir,
J^ljsdyt?. See Inconstant, Changeable.
Mute,^^^^.^^\aMr4M. See Bumb.— Mute
property (in opposition to lire stock),
uu^U JU mS/ «difHV. Mute as a
letter. ^ ^n, (.J^ «««,W
Mutilate, ji^ ^awwmrf hi^ 9akkat,
Mutilated, IoAn*^ musakkat, ^j
!mtb
(822)
NAl
Mutilation, j^fu ta^r, )asL» tahal.
Mutineer, t. ^J^^, hSykl, ic^le gdri.
Mutinous, ic^V i^^h ^J^ faitdn,
Hutiaoiuly, e^W^ J^ ^*<'^^ ^Mf^dii.
tugh^&n, ^Vac ^tMydii, jLJ /Md<?.
See Sedition.
Mutiny, v. ^Ju hagha\ hoi J«4fi ^amdl
JUnat, ,<*ae ^otl, jLJ J^ ^nudfudd.
Mutter, V. fiASu takamkam, SeeMurmur,
Grumble. [mwr. See Murmur.
Mutter, «. ^LiAjf takamkuin,j^S} tadam-
Mutterer, «. ^»S^>ja.^ mutakamkim, j^Si^
tnutadammir,
Mutteringly^^jJ J^ hikol iadammur.
Mutton, f^ ^ lahm ghanam, 4JIJ ^^
Mutual, (J^yiMu* mmhiarak, Uiju Af*^
ha^dihum ha^dan. Mutual oonsent,
^ly tawdfak. Giving mutual aseist-
ance, Lsju ^fioiu Ij JlcLi td^adH ha^i-
Mutually, (^^^«J ^{j^ hacdin laha^d.
Taking hands mutually, ^Lsi^L^^ masd'
fdhat.
Muzzle, f. ^ Jumm. See Mouth. — A
muzzle (for a dog, hog, etc.), ^ha^.
To muzzle the mouth, v_ \^]\ ^ ^
lajam fumm dlhalh.
^7* S^ ^ > ^ ^7 W> ti^"^^ tca^oiA. My
house, ^^LJ ^o^^l. Myface^^c^jK^d/Al.
Myrobalan (tree or fruit), ^tf^?^^ ihlnlaj.
The yeUow myrobalan, ^^1 ^f^'
tA/i^' Mfar,
Myropolist, 9, (a seller of unguents or
Myrrh, ^ mttrr, ^V^/^ *•""* •"■^
Oil of myirh, tju^ nuty^aL
Myrtle, t. (tree or fruit), (^T a«. TW
wild or mountain myrtle, i^Jx/'^'
as harri.
Myself, ^<m«a} \j\ and nafH. ' And laid
within mvBeU^ I will arise and go throtg^
some of tne market streets, and see the stue
(of the trade). So I took some staff; and t;^
* t ~
some of my servants carry it, o ^
Mysterious, mystic, mystical, ijj^ nw^
^Jjsr^ mukhfi. A mystical sigiii&a-
tion, ^^\ ^^ ma^' utiUJl
Mysteriously, mystically,^MJU hUnrr.
Mystery, mysteriousnesa, mysticalnes,
j^sirr. Mysteries, j\^^ Mrdr. DiTue
mysteries, ^^^J^j^\ (urdr tUhtj/it.
d::!^^^'^ iJ^U^l C/^
•• *
\. . r^'
N.
N, in English, has an inyariable souoi
excepting before g, where the sooai
is nasal, as in king ; * and after a
where it is almost silent, as in ' coe-
demn.' In Arabic it is expressed by^>
l^adir (the point of the lower bemispbm,
in opposition to the vertical poist
zenith), Jlo} noslr, ji^\ ommot.
iUwyJl^^Jo} nazlr asnmat.
Nail, *. (of the finger or toe),^ »y
(pLjUk^ a%fdr,jJ^\ azd/tr). Tbc
nail or nails of birds or beasts, 4..^
ihalb, «^J.^ mikhlah. See Oir.
Talons. — To tear or scratch with &e
nails, ^/*y^/>- kharmasA. A nail, s^
NAM
(823)
NAT
of iron, etc.,j\AMAf mismdr (pl^A^LuMi
nuudmlr).
Nail, v.j^cmm^ nuumar.
Naked, j^lj^ ^arydn. See Bare.— ^
(plain, clear, not hidden), ^U? %ah9r;
(simple, mere), ^^^Ik^ mutlah.
Nakedly (withoat covering), uJjACJb
htlmahhuf; (plainly), lybli? sd^iran;
(simply, merely), U1L« mutlahan.
Name, ^1 t«m ; (title), w^^ /aJb& (pi.
c^lili alkdh). To give a name (to a
child), ^^^4^ 9amma\ In the name of
God, ^\ >AuJ hiimiUahi, A snmame
(jaho a title of honour), c,..,Sl 2tiJbi^
(pL c^Ull n/^si). And she said, 0
xn^ lord, on m^ head and my eye (in the name
of God !) — equivalent to, I will do it with all
my heart ! And she sprang np fall of happi-
ness, and very glad to do it, t^uJliJ
am
In the name of God the Eternal, the Ererlast-
ing throughout all ages ! In the name of God,
who begetteth not, and who is not begotten,
and unto whom there is none like ! In the
name of God, the Mighty and Powerful ! In
the name of the Uving who dieth not,
.1 \^ ^ Jj ^j Jy^ ^^ jIj jj
Name, r. ,<^ tamrn^; (to appoint),
4j«>-y<i^a/. See Nominate, Specify,
Mention, Utter.
N'amed, ^^4^*^^ musamma,
N^ameless, m^\ h hild ism ; (not famous),
*^jfjfU9y^ ghayr ma^rOf.
N'amesake, «• ^JLi iumml.
Namely, ^^jju ya^nl; (particularly),
\^ya:>^ MttfftMn, ^ya^\i bUkhuiiit,
^'
mtuiakiUan, UlL^ muOakan,
Nap, «. ^y naum. See Sleep, Slumber.
Nap, 17. a\j ndm.
Nape (of the neck), US iafd.
Naphtha (a bituminous substance), La3
Mft. Anointed with naphtha, ^^^ii
nafil.
Narcissus, \j»*^i nary'ii, ^jlj***J fiMHn.
Narcotic (producing stupefaction),^^^^*/*
muskir, m^^ munayyim.
Nard (an odoriferous herb), ^Ji^J^ ndrdin.
Narration, narrative, ». i^ kiuat, ^.^^^
hikdyat. See History, Story, Tale,
Eolation.
Narrative (relating), ^JlSj naklX,
Narrator, «. i^^j rdwl, ,J^^ kdkl,
OA-c^ muhaddU, See Historian,
Story-teller.
Narrow (not broad or wide), j;^ dayyik ;
(covetous), ^UL tammd^ See Avari-
cious.— ^A narrow pass, ^^j^ ^rkah.
Narrow, v. ^J^ dayyak.
Narrowly (without extent), aiu^ J^
hikol dikat
Narrowness, (jOji\ iSi hiUat al^ard;
(avarice). Jar hukhul ; (want of capa-
city), fjAji\ AtXe. ^adam al^akl.
Nasal (belonging to the nose), ^Jlj\ anfl.
Nasty, k^j umsekh, ^Ju,^-\i fdhUh.
NastHy, JLll^ JG hikd fahdthat Bee
Obscenely.
Nastiness, ils^Lij woidkhat, LJ^nafd-
sat See Dirt, Filth; Obscenity.
Natal, L^*^y mawladl. See Native. —
The natal day, jiy mawlad. See
Birthday, Nativity.
Nation, «. JU1 utnmat, iiu^ tdyfat, JuLj
KAT
(824)
muL
kdbilat See People. — (country),
mulk, ^A^ mamlaktU.
Kational (public, general),^/«^^ifmaiiii,
i*le ^&m, ^^ia^ mutlak; (aitaohed to
one's country), ^j^^\ s^^^te^ muhib. (d
watan.
Natiye, ^^^ adl, ^J\^i sdA. Native
coantry, ^^ watan. See Natural,
Ori^inaL The wise and learned do not obtain
honour and glory by staying at home ; leave,
therefore, thy nati?e oount^ and go abroad,
ijtL^ u^jI ^jjj c^ 4^<a! aUuI^^jU
Native, «. c^jJj haladl, *^^y mawlftd.
Nativity, jJ^ mawlad, j)L« mildd, iJij
walddat See Birth. — ^The nativity of
Jesos Christ, .^u^jii] c^m«j j)L« mildd
ffosH^ al nuuih.
Natural (according to nature), (J^3 *dii,
^^^uJs iahl^l i^/iif>r jawhart ; (easy,
unaffected), ^yuA9 tahl^. Natural
. instinct, ^Vt^^ aitabl^t. A natural
inclination, ^jilJo J^ ma^fl tuH^.
Naturally, UJ9 tab^am, Lj\3 Mfym.
Naturalness, i»^ taii^, (JL>\3 wat.
See Nature.~(ea8ines8), ii\Jff M^a/at,
c^jI adab.
Nature, ifu^ iahl^, ^J? tal^ (pi.
^LL tabdffi^), i^jL^ mashrab, ^J^
mit&j. See Constitution, DispoBition.
—(sort); (jy*:^ /iVm, ^y iwir^, ^
hiim. See Ejnd.-*Di vine nature, «.^»yt
^^\ attab^ al (Mi, Human nature,
ilj^\ iju^\ attabi^ al btuthariyat.
Against nature, ijc^flall i^lU. hhildf
attabi^at. Good natured, r Ijl «. a.VJ
latff attabi^. See Benevolent.
Naval, 9. i^jSsT bahri, A naval battle,
^\ J\:a kttdl al bahr.
Navel, i. JlaJi\ i^ mrai al Us.
Naught, naugh^, ji^ ^arifi J^^
Ma. See Bad, Cmropt, WoitUw
Naughtily, \jJ^ 9lmTtm.
Navigable, ^~r^j^\ i^^LJ todjfrtt
al mardkdb*
Navigate, r. ysalUy L* iSfir H Wr
After having navigated for the ipitt ^ ^
whole month, we came to Umd^udwfr
embarked some horses which we had viib
in the ship,^^! ^ lj/-» U»x« j*»
Navigation, ^^^\yLiM/»* a/ 4f^. 5«
Navigator, *. 4,^*^ *«*»^- [Sb^
Nauseate^ «. (.J^ iUr^. See Loitfae.
Nauseous, ^ji^;^ ffuiibiU, v.J;£«>i«^.
Nauseously, c-jy J^ WW lar»/.
Nauseousness, uJ^ ibrff/.
Nautical, nautic, ^^-j^l^^iJ <-J^
«naff«u5 kuafar al bahr, [See Fkf^
Navy, «. iyaC ijUc jiswrB* Wr^
Nay, J fa,lLl aifc». See No. ShelooW
at him again and again, and wsb notsia^i^
wlUk contemplating his &ce ; naj, her lo^R^
him increased exceedingly, *** ^jf
Neap (tide), jjsf- /mt.
Near, (not £ar off, at the side), c^;
iari3. See Neighbouring.— (related u
kindred), ^^J iardytb. To d»f
near, c-jy karrab. See ApproftA"
Far and near, \^^ Ij/ it«»^ •"
Near, nearly (almost), ^a^ nak^
Nearer, nearest, ^-'fSl akrab.
Nearness (closeness), c^ hml^ ^.f
tahrib; (relationship), h\y i^^
See Kindred.
NBC
(823)
NSC
Neat^ ^.JJb! fa^f/, uJj^ suirf/. See Ele-
gant.— (clean, cleanly), u,Bjla3 nazlf;
(unadnlterated), ^l^ ihdliif ijf\^
9dfl, See Pare, TJnmixed, G^nnine.
!^eaUy, lJUj haidf, ij\ioj J^ Mta
na%dfat, [^Ua) fuu&fat.
S'eatness, iLiUa! laULfat; (cleanliness),
^Necessaries, (^L^j! asldh, C^b^^^ du-
rUriydt, CL^UjI^ lawdzimat, crjls^l>-
hdjdt, ^j>^ hawdyii\ C1^U*Lj^>-1
ahtiydjdt, ajU lawdzim, lZj\a^ mu-
himmdt. Necessaries for food, tJl^li^jl^
ii^luif darHriyat al mu^dsh,
fecessarily, Uj^jJ ^fimaiii Ul^l itti-
zdman, dJ^ld hud, ij^j>al\i hU durikrat,
ijn/^ durHratan, c^.^^^^^ hil wdjth,
dA Ls.^ } Id mahdlat Happening neces-
sarily, 9^^^i^j3r^ darUrf al waku^,
Necessarily connected, /Vp^ malzHm,
Necessarily existing, i^^^\ *jl Idzim
al foujud. [Urgency,
ecessariness, Ij^j^^ darHrat, See
ecessary, |#ji ld%im, c,,>*i.>-lj todjih,
jt^ muhm, ^^oj:!^ muktadl, ^j^j-i
dar&ri, SeeEequisite. — Necessary con-
seqaences^ ci^Lmo-I-L* muktadiydt
Necessary to be performed or paid,
\^i\ ^'Ji U%%m al idd, Jlia^!ll ^^^^\j
tcdjih al imtUdl, Necessary to be done
over again, or made np for, when not
done right at first, \^\ l^-^^I^ wdjdb
ai kadd. Necessary to be preserved,
O \3^\ Aji ld%im al wakdyat. Necessary
to be obeyed, ^^V^ S-^l? wdjib al
\tbd^. Commands necessary to be
>'beyed, Jlt::;^!!! £*>-lj^t^l mcdmir
i^afihai al imtiidl. Necessary to be
>»teemed» honoured, or respected, /iji
Ai^cJl ld%m oMkrim, Anything
necessary to be done or procored, _^
Apt shy ld%im, l>-\>^ hdjat. It is neces-
sary, ^p Idxim, ^^ Idyik, u^^c^^^
wdjib, i^j^j^ durUri, Very neces-
sary, most necessary, (^j^^^ /*p^ aham
al lawdiim. To be necessary, lSjj/^j^
idr durUri, fj^j^ ^r Idzim, To
judge necessary, ^jJ ^j^/^^ser tahassam
ladayhi. To necessitate or make neces-
sary, 4^^^dL4£ ^amdldho dttrHrip
Aji <0l4^ ^amalaho Idzim. [polled.
Necessitated, /^^j^ mdlzUm. See Com-
Neoessitons, .^^s^^b^ muMdj, ^JL**,^ mis-
l^n, jJi fdJAr. See Indigent, Poor.
Neoessitously, -.Ls^lj h^j^ <J^ ^*^^
durUratwaihtiydj. SeePoorly,Needily.
Necessity, nece8sitou8ne8s,i;^^itfrflra^,
S^K^- hdjat, j^^^i^ ihiiydjfjij JuJtr.
See Need, Poverty, Indigence. — (fatal-
ity, cogency), Lai hadd,ji^ tahdlr,
SeeFate. — (indispensableness, pressing
occasion), >»•!} /tafim, Ln \%\ iktidd,
ijjj^ durHrat, Jija^\ idtirdr. See
Compulsion, Force.
Neck, «. Jh^ ^nk (pi. jlic^ a^k).
An ornament for the neck,^t«^£ar<^ii.
See Neoklaoe. — To throw the arms
about the neck, J^U ^nak. See
Fmbrace.
Necklace, t. ^^*>/ karddn, ^Xac ^kd
(pi. 0^ ^(Aad), jjb tawk (pi. jt^t
atwdk). See Collar. — Adorned with a
necklace, ^^^J^^^]lteiMibr<^ii. To
ornament with a necklace, ij^*^^ (jmJ
IdbhoB karddn. On her head was a
crown of gold, with a fillet of jewels ; on her
neek was a necklace of jewels, in the middle
of which were refulgent gems, ^Ju^*
NEE
(826)
NEG
Necromancer, t. ^^Li f dMr. See Ea-
cbanter, Sorcerer. — ^A female necro-
mancer, »j^\^ iahirdh. See Sorceress.
Necromancy, yfi*^«t%r. See Enchant-
ment. \rahik.
'Nectai,y^ Jtawaar, (^**m7 toinlm, {j^j
Nectarine, %, y<^}^ ^^ tujffuhfar^.
Need, i^\>- hdjat, '9^\p»j>'\ ^htiyaj, ij^j^
durHrat. See Poverty, Necessity, Want,
Indigence. — (exigence, pressing occa-
sion), /%5p Ita^m, ijjj^ durHrat, \*aii\
iktida.
Need, v. ^l::^»^t ihtaj. See Want.
Needful, f^ji Idzim, ^'OsJLt muktadl. See
Necessary. {man. See Necessarily.
Needfully, UjS laziman, \^\y^\ iltna-
Needily, ^L:.>-\ ^J^ hihol ihtiydj,
Neediness, ^^Sm»/9 mtuhinat. See Need.
Needle, «. iji\ ihrat (pL^jl ubar). A
packing needle, ^lLmu^ muiaUaL A
needle-maker or seller, vjy^^ tiort. A
needle-case, ijj\ dbhdrat (pi. CL^Ii^bi
dbldrat).
Needless, ^l^:^>-^ \ hUd thtiyaj, (^J^ja^
ghayr ldzm,^*ar»A^j^ ghayr muktadl.
See Unnecessary. [necessarily.
Needlessly, /*jjJ h hUd haum. See TJn-
Needle8sness,Li:;i)ll i%jLe ^adamaliktidd.
Needs, l«)i IdzifMm^ m^ 1 Idjarm^ See
Necessarily. — ^It needs must (it is
necessary or proper), i«.^\jH ^^
2a»itn a/ 104/1^.
Needy, ^^l^^*^ mMA^/. See Indigent,
Necessitous, Poor. He ordered the Weseer to
giye to the poor, the needy, the widows, and
others, a hundred thousand pieoes of gold as a
thaak-effering to God (whosenaiiekeaked"
and as alms on his part, ^Jjijy'/i
Neferious. See Wicked, Betestatk
Negation,^ naAf, ^ nafi^Jij^o^
See Denial.
Negative, adj. Lj\j nSjiyai,^^.'
L!L idlibtU. The negative imp
tive; aUo the negative attnte^
logic, ^ ndkl, ^ nafi. A s?
tive, ^ nafi,j\ij\ inkdr, it»
tive particle, ^Ju •— ?/^ Aar/iar-
Negatived,^^^ munkar,jjf^ ^''
(^j^^ muharram.
Negatively, j\ij\ Jij hikol iniar,i^:
^\j hi wapiin ndft.
Neglect, V. jAJb\ dhmd. See F«?l
Neglect, negligence, ^Uii ^Aii/Kif, ^*
ihmdh JiUj ^^/tt/. See Cin#
ness, Forgetf ulness ; Contempt, s-
Neglected, ,^^***i^ mtfiwo*, J^^ ^^
Neglectful,negligent,*Ji \tgUfijj^^
mutakdsU. See Careleas, Forgetr^**
To be or become negligent, Ji'^ ^
fal, JJ^ takdsal See Negl«:
NegligenUy, JU^l Jio JOa/Ofwl,'^'
ihmdlan, ^ilie. ghajlatm. See Sc5^
fully.
Negotiate, v.^ J Aii Jar ; (as a meitli:^
Treat, Traffic— To negotiate a 3*^
negotiate a treaty of peace, ^ -^
j.aibJ amdh, iJUJUy^V ^;
mutdlahai* l****"
Negotiation, iL»U^ «w^dswi*i>**
NEB
(827)
NEW
l^egotiator, «. J^U^ mu^drntl. See Me-
diator, Ambaasador.
*^egro, f . ^«M,>fw ^a&MAl.
!^eighboiir, 9. jKp^ j&r^j^^fe^ mujdufor.
I^eighbonr, v. (be contigaou8),^^U*y(3t^ar.
*^eigbbonrB, j^\;*5r i^''*** Good sense
and pradence are my diBtiaction, and my habit
is to use forbearance towards my husband, con-
tenting myself with what he conld afford ; and
the graces of a good helpmeet are my nature,
and great is the difference between me and my
neighbours, ^.■r..4jMij (j^^ ^^'♦w'j^
reigbbonrbood, ij^^ majdwaratj j\^
jawdTy L5>-'y iwwdAl.
[eitber, )j t^o^. Neitber one nor tbe
otber, r^ll ^^ Jk^-I^H Zd (Uwdhid wa
la dahhar, Neitber long nor short,
^^«^)^Jj«WS Id tawll fjoald kaslr.
Neitber more nor less, Jil "i^J^^ ^ ^
aiUar toaJa akal. For in the island are found,
among yarious fruits, what I might have eaten,
and I might haye drunk of its riyers ; but in
thia place are neither trees, firuits, nor riyers !
But he pretended (asserted) that his art had
long been profitless from the corruption that
had arisen m the country. I haye by him a
child as feeble as a lath, and neither of us can
find enough sustenance with him ; but from the
hanger that we cuodure our tears cease not to
sphew (a brother's son), ^11 ^^\ ihn
aldkh, [auidh).
srve, ». i^^^^e. ^ab (pi. c^LacI
srvoas (strong in tbe nerves), ^y
^,^.,„iflj\ kaujil al ^a$abi (baving weak
aerres), Uy-^i <— fl*w*g da^i/al ^mai.
Neat, B. ^^ ^ush.
Net, «. i>iJ^ thabakeh. A fisbing net,
i^^ thahakeh. A banter's net, tLa^
tnasldh (pL ^t^^ nuudh), irJu«a/t
moiyadat (pi. JjIio^ moidtfid), Tbe
netting of a ship, l^jA^\ ^j»Jj kafat
al markab. So he went again to the riyer and
cast his net, and, haying waited till it sank,
drew the cords, and £agged it back, and
there came up in it a chest, locked and heayy,
Nettle, V. (irritate), \^^^h\ aghdah.
Never, f JjI ahadan, U\ (Ulan. Never
hereafter, \ JlcUj ^11 ^ I JjI ahadan
mm alan wagd^dan. Never ending,
j\)i\ Jj\ abd al abdd. And if they
(Jem. pi.) ask thee concerning the opening of
the door, answer them, I neyer openea it,
l£lk« 111 ^1:;^ U
Nevertbeless, 1 JJb J^ w« ma^ ib/ Aosd.
Neuter, neutral (indifferent, of no side
or party), ^^J^^j ^^^^^ i!A ma^ noa
Id^alayh.
Neatrality, Ji^-f ^l^^ ^^*nn\\\
)\ ^adam al ta^assub ma^ ahad
al kkusmln, Ci^Jr. H^ kI^h^J j^l ^^
kawn ahhad Id tna^k wa Id ^layk.
New, J^ J^ y<«ft<^, (hi.^ J^>> Aoi^, %JOJ
5(Kff ^. See Eresb, Bare, Wonderful. —
Tbe new moon, Jijb hdldl. A new
invention or publication, anytbing new,
rare, wonderful, 9 Ju^ ^J^ thaif mub^
da^f f^\s^ ihddtf 4^?aWmii>^ muita-
hadas, ijj\j nddirat (pl.j jly nawddir),
^Jj badi^t, ^JJ bud^L See
Novelty.— Saying or doing anyi>'
KIO
(828)
Nisr
new, ci^Jko^ (ahil9. The beiagpro-
duoed or related ae new, k^Jn^ to*
haddui. To make new, JJc^ jaddad,
jjtX^- dL^ <,amalaho jadld. Bee Be-
new, Bepair. [Mm/mfti.
Newlj, t JJuc^ miHJaddadan, JJ J^ ^^
News, ^^ ilAo^ar (pi. jl^\ akhidr).
Qood news, CjljU*; SM^drd^, To
bring or annoance good news, jJjj
huhihar. The messenger of good news,
yLh^ muboihahir, A newspaper, JIj^
jumdh To bring or relate news,^^^
Next (adjoining), Jm^sl^ muttaaU, (jJL^
muldsik. See Neighbouring. — (then,
after which), Jju ^ mtn ta^i, Jjo
Ay^\ ha^d alyaum^ ^\ ^^ m%nalUln\
(immediately following), (..^jJ ^^
^OM ibr!^, ^^pf S^y u;^ tf^ ^^^"^^
OSStfJfldll.
Nib (beak of a bird), ^JL^ tninkdr.
Nioe (aocorate), ^^flx^ mos^A^, See
Particular, Exact. — (exquisite, deli-
cious), ^/^^ nafli, ^J^ hadl^. See
B^fined, Delicate. — (minute), (J^*^
daklk. See Small, Fine.
Nioeness, nicety (accuracy), ^ J dikkat
See Exactness. — (squeamishness),
»\^z^\ iitikrdht \t\ ibd; (exquisite-
ness), \i^ safdf SjSJo %ardfat. See
Delicacies. [nafdffis.
Niceties (exquisite dishes), ^ju^iJu
Nickname, <• j;J Itbkf u^ lakdb.
Niece, «. (brother's daughter), ^H^ (j:^
itit^ aZoiA ; (sister's daughter), u:-
Niggard, niggardly, J-aT hakhil, j
A;Aati«« See Ayaricious.
Niggardlinesi^ niggaidiiMs, ^^^aCliiUd.
See Avarice.
Nigh, c^^ jbri^. See Near.— Todnr
nigh, ^-^^ iorri^. See Appro«&
Night, JJ M* iy *y^ (pL JV
laydll). Night and day, j\f}^ JJ Ufl
wa nahdr. One night, on a certib
night, ^U!^ ^jM ha^dlUydh, TV
middle of the night, JJJ^ uJ^ ss^
al layl See Midnight.— The tlmd
watch of the night, J^i\ uuJj hU 4
2ciyJ. In the night time, SJ fairi*
They then went fortii from him, and retsjiei
to their abode, and passed the next ik^
7I
y^:
Nightcap, i»yJl i^yj^ tiurhush
Nightdress, /^yi\ ^-'V ^*V^^
Nightgown, /^yi\j\j3 kunhas
Nightingale, <• JJj btdhtl.
Nightly (by night),^lJ laykm.
Nightmare, ^^^l^ ^5iU.
Nightshade, c,.>.\tr.\\i,, mVr^nahatU^
Night-time, «• JJJt ^-^^^ *^<>^ ^ ^^
Night-walk, JiSt ^^^ imiaAf «/ 1^
Nightward, JJJl Joe ^tiu^ oZ liy/.
Night-watch (or guard), <JJJ^ L^>''^
Nimble, JUdl; fMAfJ^. See Swift, QukL
Active, Gleyer, Expeditious.
Nimbleness, ZJ\Jy riik&kai. See Qoiek'
ness. Activity, Speed.
Nimbly, ^j^ aari^ttn. Quicklj. S«r
Actively, Speedily, Swiftly.
Nine, wmJ tini^ ^UlmJ tat^aL
Ninefold, cJImI ^UimJ ioM^ai md^df.
Nineteen, yM*£ dj^ Uu^ ^hmr.
Nineteenth, JL^ «^U\ ^tari^
NOB
(829)
VOM
N^inetieth, (jiyuuJ ti$a^^i^
N^inety, ^*>*J to^fii.
^inth, ^Jj tdii^, iiu»\j UUi^,
N'innyi «. nixmy-hammer, ^J^ /im^»
J^ haMml (in Beixnt). See FooL
N^ipple, «. jJ) ^uJl»- At/jna^ irf 61s. See
Breast, Teat, Dag.
N'it, nits, 9. ^Lm« «{5d». [natrHLn,
N^itre, O^Ut ^^ ffif7A at bdrud, ^^JbJ
N'itrouB, (J^Joj natfUnl,
^o, ) /d, U md, \jj\ abadan. See Kay,
Not, None, Never.
Mobility, cJ^ sharaf. See Dignity,
Orandevr.— Now it was the custom of the
King, every year, to collect the nobility of his
kingdom, and to play with the ball,^j
j^.43C ^U Ji ^^ ^\ LKI4II ijU
^^oble, t-flj^ «^«rf/(pl. cJj^l ashraf).
See Great, Grand, Magnificent, lUus-
trioos, Exalted, Pree, Liberal, Gener-
ous.— Noble on both sides (by father
and mother), ^^^1 aJj^ karim aHa-
rafln, A noble disposition, u-i£ r^ -^y*
trntAdj tharlf. Of a noble disposition,
^^j^\ <^^ «A<irf/*a/ mts^y. To be
or become noble, ^>mJoJ^ j\^ sdr sharlf.
To make noble, f*^r^ ^^Il^x ^amalaho
sharif. See Ennoble. A noble honse
(or constellation), uJ^ -.y ^j^ «Aa-
ro/l Of a noble house or race, ^^
obleman, «. noble, Jumi %ayy%d, s^^j^
9har%f. — A noble lady, ^^ ^ khatikn^
StXj;** $aydat. And he looked towards
a ^rand chamber, in which he beheld noble-
men and great lords ; and in it were all kinds
of flowers and sweet scents, and yarieties of
dried and fresh fruits, tocher with abundance
of vavious kinds of exouisite riands, and bever-
BgeM prepared from tne fruit of the choicest
'Uj ^'yS'j Ji^» ^y' ^} (^y^\
Cxfi^ J'j^ U^^J^ CT* ^J?/^
Nobler, uJ^l oihraf, j^^\ airam, J«aj|
a/(20Z, Jiet a^sam. See Noble.
Nobleness. See Nobility, Worth, Ex-
cellenoe.
Nobles, \sjJi» ihurafd, uJ|/»1 ashrdf,
iJjjJI^L^I a^dn addawlai. See
Chiefs.
Nobly, uJjJL JG bikd sharaf. See
Ghreatly, Grandly, Illnstrionsly, Splen-
didly, Excellently.
Nobody, J^^\ji^ wald wdhid. There is
nobody at home, jl jJIj tX>>t ^^ md
ft ahhad hilddr.
Nootomal, ,JJ layll. [tthdrat
Nod, s. (with the head), \aj\ imd, ij\JL\
Nod, V. (make a sign with the head),
ijLSit Ji4kf ^0ma^ uhdrat.
Noise (sound), ci^^ mw^; (clamour),
^UJi thamdtah, ^^^ walwaleh. The
noise of a drum, or of horses' heels
oyer stones, ij Jj J dahddbah. The noise
of thunder, the machineiy of a mill,
etc., Jsj T^^df ^^M^^ ja^ ja^h.
Noise of falling water, ^uk^i^ Unianah.
Noisome, ^js^:^ muntin. See Fetid.—
(mischievous), JuMA^mtt/»tii,yia^miMfe>»
See Noxious, Hurtful. — (disgusting),
xJcjm^ muBtdkrak.
Noisomeness, ^L^ui ^b^j rdyhat kahlhaU
Nominal, ^^j^ Mml ; (not real), ^<*0/
faradi, vJW^ khaydh, ^A^j wad^i.
NominaUy. ^U^ W««.
Nominate,,.^
KOE
(830)
war
Nominatioii, A* Ami ioim^foi.
Nonage (minority), i ^\ ^^ aJlc ^aiam
Mfi» cX bulu^hfjioi hur*
Nonconfonnity, ^ftjlyJt i^J^fi ^aiam al
muwd/akaL
'None, J^M la ahhady ^t Id thy. See
Nobody, Nothing.— Now while be wai sitting
in his chamber, one of hii slaTes came in to
him and told him that there was at the door a
sUto girl with a broker; none more beautifiil
than she had been seen, ^^l>-yb Uji^
Non-entity, non-existence, J^^^l aJlt
^adam al umjud. See Inexistence.
Nonpareil, «. j^ JdU m&laho noslr,
^ (jlj i la idnl laho, [mukawamat,
Non-renstanoe, Z^^\aj%\\ aJ^ ^adam al
Nonsense, cL^ ^hoi, ^^^:Jt^ ^U ma-
laho macna\ To speak nonsense, JlC
,^ui^ L taJcaUam hila ma^\
Nonsensical, JJ^Ij hatily t^^^^^^Jc^ j^
ghayr munOtih. See Futile, Trifling.
Noon, noon-day, noon -tide, j\fi\ cjL^
tuuf annahdr. Noon-day, noon-tide
(meridional), ^Jj^ tuhri.
Nor, l^ icakt. Neither this nor that,
c)\Si^ \jJb'ila haza wala%ak. Neither
long nor short, ^^^m^ )^ l^^"^ ^ tawll
iro/S kaalr. See Neither. — And she said, Bj
means of my enchantment be thou converted
half into stone and half into the substance
of man ! Whereupon I became, as thou
seest, unable to moTe, neither dead nor aliye 1
*j^ CjJuoJ t^jSl^ ^js^\ * LsJLS^
\i\
North wind, JU/Jl a^amJ tuuiim aahthf'
mSh The north quarter, JUil
The north pole, ^Ull^ l^^ i*'
hdb aththmdU,
North, narthem, , JU^ dUad^ Tl)e
northern regions, JUyuJI Sh Ud
oihMmaL The northern natke.
JU£J\ jL i^\^ Uwdyf mi t^
thimaL
Nose, fc^l anf. Having a long tr te
nose, f^'i\j^ hatUr alanf, Tbecs^
of the nose, LUr^ mvJ^t To spesk
or make a noise through the ik«,
ffS^^^ hhamkham. [moMBe-
Nostril, «. jl«^ mtmit^r (pi j>^^
Not, ) ^, U ma, J0X, ghayr 9 yj»l lifi»
It is not, iju^ lays, S ia, U iw. ^
is not bad, (j^b^ la has. Not at al
*ii lala. Not known, j^^jt^j^fkf
ma^lum. Not existing, Jy^yj^
ghayr mawjud. I do not care, ^ ^
^b md co^' &d/i. He whose kiB^i^
is that of moderation has nothing to feii, s:.
has no need of champions or attoiduts. ^^
how dost thou hope for perpetuity in t d»^'
ing which does not lastP Diart thoe <^'
hear of a shadow that remained unia^-
Notable, jy^^ nuuhhUr. See Pajso^
Memorable, Eemarkable.
Notarial (done by a notary), Vj^
Notary, ». ^^ l-^1^ itd/ii liia^r^
The attestation of a notary, Jjp^ i»»
Notation, ^3^ rakam, ij\J^\ uharaL Srf
Signification.
Note, <ulc caldmat, Jij raJbrn, ^^
uhdrat, f^j rasm. See Mark, Tote
— (attention, heed), if »rfi> W^
KOV
(831)
NOXI
iia^t^ muldha%aL See Notice, Ob-
servation.— (reputation), ls.^^^ At,
j\fJL\ ishtihdr, ij^ thuhrat; (a short
letter), i^JJ iaskarat; (a bill or ac-
knowledgment of a debt), ^^.Nm^"
tanuMuk (pi. iZ^Mji^j tamassukdf), A
note in music, A\Lt makdm, ^^^ lahn.
Musical notes, d^UlL* makdmdtfj\^d\
adwdr. A marginal note, ^U^l»- hd^
thiyah. See Marginal, Annotation,
Commentary. — Men of note, ^1^1 akd^
hir, U^ ahurafcl, uJ]^1 MhrOf. See
Nobles,
fote, V. (observe), ia,^) Idhat.
See Celebrated, Eminent, Illustrious.
— (marked), Jji^ mu^attam.
othing, _^ i Id shy.
otiee (observation), yia3 natar, ^da^Lt
muldhatat. See Eemark. — (intelli-
gence),^^ khahoTf /•ifif i^ldm, j\MJii\
ish^r. See Information. —Worthy
of notice, ^h^l^H i.^^o»-tj fi^d;V& a/
muldhazat. To notify or give notice,
Z^ hhdbhar.
otion, JIa£>* khaydlf ^ %ann,JJjikr»
See Imagination, Opinion, Thought.
otional, ^^^^ wahmi, ij^^a^ khiydU.
See Imaginary, Ideal,
^tionally, ^<a>^ ^P^^ l\naw^nu>ahml,
:>toriety, notorioasness, S^fl ikuhrat,
;V^\ ttAar. [rfi/.
Dtorions, jfjfuu^ mashhur, uJ«|yb« itmi^-
>toriou6ly, ^Ic ^aldniyatan, ^9yi
^twithstanding, vl^J (J^^^ m^^ ^^^
irel, SiSp^jadldn See New. — A novel,
mMaL See Tale, Story, Fable.
NoYclty, Ll^tXjgVttfc^ ^^ «Ay miM^Ai^.
November, jUl ^jij^ tashrin tUtdnl.
Novice, 8. JuJj talmld.
Noun, «. amaI Mm (pi. Uudl Mmd). A
noun of substance, tX^\p^ Jt^\ um jd-
mid. A noun substantive, CjI jJl ^^
%9m audi. An adjective or attributive
noon, ijuAS M0^ um asaifat. A generic
noun, (^AMwsrf j^\ ism aljins. A re-
cipient noun, or noun of time and
place, uJ^f A»a\ ism auarf. A noun
of place, ^ILJI ^\ ism al makdn.
A noun of time, (^^Up^ f^^ ism aua-
mdn. Il noun of instrument, ili\ ^
ism al am. A noun denoting the agent
and active participle, J^lill mJ\ iam
alfd^H. A noun denoting the patient
and passive participle, JyiA^I ^1 ism
al maf^L A noun of number, ^1
i) Jmil ism al ^adad. A diminutive nonn,
Jloa^] JtJi\ al ism al musaghghar. A
noun of excess (comparative or super-
lative degree), ^L^l ^\ ism al mu-
Idlaghat. A radical noun, jJu^t ^1
ism al masdar. A derivative noun,
^JiA^l wHt al ism al mushtah, A
noun of unity, fjAiS ^^Mit ism al marra.
Nourish, r. ^j rahla\ mm^s ta^m, d^U
kdt See Maintain, Support, Encou-
rage; Foment; Educate.
Nourishable, (Jli^liiAj ^t <t:il»j yamkinaho
an yaJUdt
Nourisher, «. LSi.^gAt muitit. The nou«
risher (God), kjl.uS^\ ^\ 02bA al
muklt. [Wholesome^
Nourishing, adj\ ls.-*^ muitt See
ITDM
(833)
HUT
NoUfiahmenti CJy hat, j^U? ta^m.
See Foody Sastenance.
Now, ^\ alldn, u:^jl\ \^ htadalwakt.
Now and then, UL>-\ ahjfdnan.
Nowhere, J-sr^ ^ J^ wfl&l /I mahdU.
Nowise, ILtff M^. See By no means.
Noxious, yid^ mmiirr^J^ ddrr.
Noxiously, j,a^ ^?y^ hinaw^tn tmndirr.
Noxiousness, jj^ darar.
Nubile, ^\) l&Ughah. See Marriage-
able.— A nubile girl, hiXi l::^ hint
halighat. [Kernel.
Nucleus, 9. ^^^U hMy lU lubl. See
Nudity, ijyt ^atorat* See Nakedness.
Nugatory, ^J'J^ ^\^ mdlaho fna^na\
See Frivolous, Trifling.
Null, Jl^b hdtil, ^ lI^ 1 ^ yu^mal
hihi. See Toid, Ineffectual.
Null, nullify, v, J^\ o^M. See Annul,
Cancel.
Nullity, ^^SLj 6tt^te».
Numb (cold), Jj\j hdrtd; (motionless),
d^ja^\ WiXc ^dtm al harakat. To
numb, iA^\ J^ harrad al himmat.
Number, JJ^c ctu^. A great and un-
certain number, j^ J«xc ^adad hatlr.
See Multitude. — A small number, JiXc
JJi ^(»fa(^ ila^f^. An even number
(a pair), '^^J 9auj. An odd number,
J^ /ar(^. Without number, JiXe idU
mdlaho ^adad. See Innumerable. —
The singular number, J^ mufrad.
The plural number, i^^i^-yam^. A
noun of the dual number, i<>^^ f^^^
alum al mtwanna'.-— (in poetry), ^J\j
idjiyah, [See Beckon.
Number, v, J^ ^dd, l^^^mj^. hasah
Numbered, J^Jut^ ma^itd, u^ytjs:^
mahsuh.—O thou ▼hose fanwre to w te*
been many, and whose gilla \m bw w
ihaxi can be numbered! No misf<Htobf
ever yet befallen me but I haTe foai is
ready to aid me in it, ^^Laj^ j^^-;
Numberer, «. i...-^lff^ «NfAd«i}.
Numberless, JJoi JU MdU# ^ai*^. »
Innumerable.
Numbers, &>^Afi\ «^<^.
Numeral, numerical, ^^Jde ^«W. i
numeral character, j^j ralam.
Numerally, J JjiS\ i----»aC ***«^ *•?
alhisdh. " [^t^
Numeration, j\jjo ia^d, U»-^ »*
Numerous, yl^ wa/8r, JJAfi j«^A/
Numerousness, i^ koitiU. See Ib^
Nummary, ^^jSj nakdL
Nun, «. ^l^rdM'id^.
Nuptial, ^jc ^«r»f. The nuptial t*
(jmoiII «.^iJi» «A/im^ a/^«r«-
Nuptials, ,j«j;£ ^wrt. See Mmup-
Nurse, *. (to a child), ^b rf^y* i^/
murdi^h, ^ ^ jwtfrflJWjr^- ^^*
for a sick person, ^1j^ hktddim-
Nurse, r. (achHd), u:-^ rwfc^ ^
Suckle.
Nurture (food), (•UW itf^os*. See>'"
rishment. — (education), i*ij *^^
Nut, 4. jf^ jawt. A iBiije «p«« -
Indian nut, t^ JcJbJ^ /«« ****• ^
Albert nut, J[Jk:j hunduL
Nutmeg, s. i^^^\j^ j(un 0tA
Nut-shell, J^ ijJ^ Uihr^j^
Nut-tree, 9'jyr hf^ 9hajirtij»^
OAT
(883)
OBJ
ES'atrimenty natritare, 1jl£ gluadf fJL^j^
IsHt. See Food.
!9'utrimental, nntritioas, nutritive, 4^^a^
tnukatffwi. c:.--mL« tnukit See Whole-
some.
^ymph, 8, ^^ hUriyaU
0.
> has, in English, a long sound, as in
stone ' ; and short, as in got,' shot,'
neither of which is common to the
Arabic.
> (sign of the vocative case), U yd. 0
my beloved, and the object of the tender feel-
ing of my heart, if thon be angry against me,
who would keep me P and if thon cast me off,
(alas for me !) who would shelter me P 0 my
beloTed, and the light of my eyes, comfort me !
»ak, «. 1?^ hallilLt^ (jk*^^^*^ sindiydn.
The royal oak (^aUo a chestnut tree),
l^jb jfLm» «^A haUnL The ground oak
(the herb germander), {jOji\ ^L ia/-
Jnt (Hard,
akeoj lJ^^ laUuti.
a.ih, <• iM«*i iiw<»n (pi. i^luuil aksdm),
^^jf^ yamin. He therefore summoned
liis son, and charged him to take care of his
subjects and his mother, and the lords of his
empire and all the dependents. He also made
^em swear a seoona time, and coTenanted
-vrith tiiem, that they would obey his son;
and he confided in their oaths, yi^^li
^^jr^^ ij^ ii^ '«3Jj (U^le. |iJb jJbU^
Oats, (..file ^daf.
Obduracy, obdurateness, ^yJ^ aAc ^o-
i^m attawhat, J^-aJ tamarrad, j\.i^
^tndd, jLJ /Mfii. See Wickedness,
Stubbornness, Inhumanity.
Obdurate, obdured, if^h hild tawbai,
Jjas^ mutamarrid. See Wicked,
Stubborn, Inhuman.
Obdurately, i*>-y L hUd rahmat, hy lb
hUd tawhat, jUfi J^ hikol ^ndd, Jij
jLJ hilcolfatdd.
Obedience, ^IW ^^0^, ^U?! tYd^a/,
JllL^l m^MdJ, ^UjI ts^dii. See
Submission. [Tractable.
Obedient, ^jVi^ m«^i^. See Obsequious,
Obediently, L^lt J^ bikol td^at, ^U^
Obeisance, i*lLi saldm, aJ^ (asllm.
Obelisk, t. J^ titi^ (pL J^\ amyul),
^JLm^ muioUat,
Obey, 9. elL ^d^. Necessary or proper
to be obeyed, Jb;::^llt /^Ji Idtim al
inUtBdlf cIjUI C;-^)^ t<^d;V3 0/ i^d^.
Command necessary to be obeyed,
J lii^^ll (^^^1 1^1 amr u^q;V& al imtisdl.
Object, t. (anything seen or presented to
the senses), ^^lo/t mashar (pi. ^Uo^
m(udhir),Jai>^ tnantar (pi. ^l^U^ ma-
fUlMr), 9y^y mawdu^. Any object
which the mind has in view, Juoi
koid, JyoLt rnaksnd, ^jL gharad.
The enjoyment of any beloved object,
iStc\y ffuuodsalaL And when they
take off their dresses, cast thine eye upon the
dress of feathers belonging to the chief damsel,
who is the object of thy desire, and take it,
for it is the thmg that couTcyeth her to her
country ; but take not aught beside it,
63
OBL
(884)
0B8
Objeoty V. {jojx^\ i^tarad, ^|^1 ^^^^^
^amal i^irdd. See Oppose.
Objected, ^jo>\j:^\ ^ ^'At i^irdd.
Objection, 9, ^J^jusS i^irdd.
Objector, «. 'ij^/i*^ mu^tarid.
OblatioD, ^V^ hirhdnf ^Us^ d^Afya^,
^bcu J wablhaU See Offsring, Sacrifice.
Obligation (anything by which a man is
bound to some perfonnanoe), ij^j^
fard^ (pL ^\^farayiS). See Debt;
aUo Obligatory writing.— -(a fovour),
hoianat.
Obligatory, ij^j^jJ IwUmi, ^jk faril.
An obligatory writing, CXm«4j tomM-
«aA (pi. (JD\LmA3 tamannkdt), isuj^
fcoilkat. See Bond.
Oblige, V. (bind), ajS\ aham; (to confer
favours), ^lLa ^ numn ^ahyht, m\
_)l£ an^am ^ala\ See Ghratify, Please.
I am abashed (ashamed) at thy brother, for he
has shown favour unto me, and presented me
with this magnificent present, which the people
of the earth would fan to procure ; and yenly
I am much obliged to him, lj\ JU^
Obliged (bound), (^y^ muUmm \ (com-
pelled), jy;JBr* majhnr ; (favoured),
fjt^'^A^ fnamnnn. To be obliged (to be
boand), AJji\ %lta%cm\ (tobecompelled),
jfsf\ injabar.
Obliging, adf. (civil), v-JJal Jatif, ai,J^
mukrtm. See Courteous, Polite, Kind.
Obligingly, ^Jj i^J^ hOuifin wa karam.
Obligingness, i^JLJ hi/, aj\U latafiU.
See OiviKtyi Courtesy, CompliisBoe,
Politeness.
Oblique, Mj^ WHrih.
Obliqueness, obliquity, u^j^y teril
See Crookedness, Indirectness.
ObHterate, v. ^^ makt^, u/> U
^ tkuakh, Jia}\ dbtal.
Obliterated, {^jS:^ mundmis, ^y^
mamnkh, aSsC^ mvn^ad^. And be
lired with his two wives in enjome^n^
happiness, and prosperity and dieerfiuHi.
thus he remained for a long period of ts'
his anxieties and sorrows were oUitasac
^ irx. tiXJ J ^^ J^ ^if^.
Obliteration, ^ moAa, ^ jmkIL
Oblivion, ^^^Uw nutydn, ConsigDed &
oblivion, ,««m:^ tmmu^.
Oblivious, ^\j ndHf ^LmJ nujfiM,
Oblong, JjUsv* mii^iMi^ JjVr m^^
Obloquy, ajI lawm. See Censure, l^
proach. Disgrace.
Obnoxious, fj^^j^^ ma^rnd, \J^J^ •*
rod. See Liable, Subject
Obscene, ^^/ml^^U fdkUh. An obscs
woman, dLyL>.l3 /oAmAoA, [^
Obscenely, tA>-^^fy^ ^ naw'^f'-
Obscenity, obsceneness, j^^-a^ f^
m
L2j\Jij^/ahshii/dL SeeLascivioosDcft
Obscuration, ^Um^ koid/at, u.ft.j >*>■
ObscurBi Jia^ mwdim. See ]>vi
Cloudy. — (abstruse, difficult to v^
stand), J^M tnughlak, JC2U MtoUfc
(mean, low),^^;«A»- AoHr.
Obscure, «. (darken), Ubf
ac^Mri; (to render abstruse), ii2£^'
.J
DBS
(835)
OBT
Ol)6cur6neB8, obeourityyZ^ii^siJmaf. See
Barkseea. — (darknefls of meaning),
sLiJL\ dhtibah, C^ 9hak. See Doubt,
Puzzle. [Funeral.
Ohseqaiea,J*i^iqfni%fj\:^jund%. See
Obsequious, ^Jx« mfiA^. See Obedient,
Compliant. [Obediently.
Obsequiously, £elL1Ji^5«ib/«^^a^. See
Obsequiousness, ZslLl ita^at, fj\ts>^\
imtisdlf jLa)\ inikiy&d. See Obedience,
Compliance.
Obeenrable, jjfM^ moihhiQryJb^ waMr^
JL^^'lUSl \,^^.^\^ iff&jih al middAasat,
See Bemarkable.
Db8ervably,jf^fa^ ^^^, hinaw^nmask'
har, \jJb^ w&hirim,
Dbeervance (respect), c-^j\ adab^ ijXsj
ri^yat^ jV^^ f^^ti^dr, i^^ hurmat.
See Veneration, Eeverenoe, Observa-
tion, Obedience, Attention.
>b8erTant (respectftil), Cl^lisll s^^^^dX^
sdhih iUifat, jpju* mu^tabir; (atten-
tive), L=.»-»irA^ multaJU,iJs>:>^ muntahih.
See Submissive.
>l>8ervation, liA>X^ mtddhafuU, L\cj
ri^yiU^ ij\^ taydfMt, ifjJ^lu*^ tnu-
shdhadat. Any place from wbich ob-
servation is made, Juy« monad,
observatory, ». /♦^^cLU Ju^ marsadan*
m^'Hrn. [la>-X ldha%.
»l>8erve, v. (look attentively),^ fuaar,
»l>eerved, jijlai^ tnaMUr, ]aysr^ malhui,
^Jls^ mah/Hz,
l>8erver, ».Je\j nd%ir, la^ 1* muldhizy
^_^y mura^f, \j^}*^ h&riif c^^g^;
r^aklh, i^\j^ murdhih. SeeBebolder.
^An observes of the stars, j^^ficUl^U
ndnir afmuj^m, Ctufj rassdd. See As-
tronomer.
Obsolete, CS^ji^ nuftmJty ^y*»^ «Mif>-
JUclm)! L hUd iati^mdlf J^^^ mtiA-
mo/, Ji^b to<ft7, JILj M^. To
render obsolete, Jlajl aft^.
Obstacle, «. i^t« mdm^ (pi. ^\^ ^^
wdni^j ijoyu ia^arrud, ^\/^\ tt^*-
rdd. [Stubbornness.
Obstinacy, obstinateness,jl:x^fndi. See
Obstinate, Jj-a^j^^ mutamarrid, JuU^
mu^dnid. See Stubborn. — An obsti-
nate man, jU^ v_ -^-r MdJub ^ndd.
To be obstinate, JjU ^nad. Be ready
to return to friendship, and be not so obstinate
in being so ranoorons. Slnow that he who de-
lirereth a soul from destruction has saved it
aliTB, and he who saveth a soul alive is as if
he had saved the lives of aU mankind.
Obstinately, jl:^ J^ hTtol ^indd, bl:x
e^tnddan.
Obstruct, r. ^j-s/w ta^arrtidt Ju^ «0^,
«^ ifUMki^. See Hinder. [mJ.
Obstructed, Jj Jum/« maadud, JumI^ mtm-
Obstmction, ^Um« mffmdna^a^, ^^^
tatMrrud, Jl.» ««<^, ikJ^ manc.. See
Impediment, Obstacle. [mdnt^.
Obstructor, #. <jo/ci.* muia^arrid, ^U
Obstructive, obstructing, ^^^»^>^ miiii^i.
Obtain, «. irj>*A» ^Ij ft^/o^A kasdaho,
5oA. JU lid/. See Find, Get, Attain,
Acquire, Gkun.— To obtain what one
desiresi i^\j^ J*ia>* haital mardmak
occ
(836)
OOC
And when thou shalt hsTe dragged her to tbee,
thou wilt hare obtained her, and she will be
in thy posaeflrion ; then take care of the drees
of feathers ; for as long as it remaineth^ with
thee she is in thy power, and in captivity to
thee, IfXU JAi CS^\ If
\ jjb J^ laii^li (JSJj^ ^ CLJjU^
mm
Obtainable, Jy^si^ J^^^ mumkin al
hus&l.
Obtained, ^j^^ls^ muhassal.
Obtain er, *. <J»as^ miihasstl. An ob-
tainer of his wishes, »j|^ ^b hdligh
murddaho,
Obtnse (not acute nor pointed), ^ jL>^
mun/arif. An obtuse angle, Lit^\j
ip^jAi^ tawiyat munfar^at.
Obviate, v. (J/^^J ddrak, '^U mdna^.
See Prevent, Meet.
Obvious (clear), ^Ik zdhn', ^\^ toddih,
^^j^^ mttbln. See Evident. — (oppo-
site, front to front), Jjli^ mukdbU.
Obviously, \jSb^zdhiran, [s^j^p tarihan.
See Apparently, Evidently, [tawdlh.
Obviousness, <L>-|^ tardhat, ^^^
Occasion (convenience), d^jsfursai. See
Leisure, Time, Opportunity. — (cause),
C^b hd^u, u^^^f^ sahah, c^,.^^
mnjih; (need), .^^-5^' ihtiydj, ^jS.
gharad. Pressing occasion, ^jjJ Imum,
LajJI iJUidd, Without occasion,
^^^^y )b hild mUjib.
Occasion, v. LJ^rb ^Jax. ^amai hd^is,
t_ — sabhah. See Cause, Influence.
Occasional (casual), .yf^^ ^art<^,_]IUj\
atifdku See Incidental.— (producing
by accident), \^^*^^ mmahbtb.
Occasionally, UUjft iiti/dkan,
Occasionery y^^I^^ mmahbtb.
Occidental, Lfil^ pharbt. SeeWcaten.
Occult, ^Juk* mukhfi^, ^Jc^ ^«^
tafl, ^yL% makn^n, ^^b ba^ Ss
Hidden, Private, Secret, rnkaJii
The occult Bciences,^^^^ ^^ ^^
OMOfdyir,
Occultation, •. c-i-*:^^ **«/ Thevs
and learned do not obtain honour bj slsrc!
at home. Leaye, therefore, thy natire wer.
and go abroad. Were it not for the oecilfr
tioDS of the moon, the eye of the obss^
would never watch her constantly,J-<
(^-li ly. c^jl ^^^ ^ J^ *£
Occulted, adj. «— J^-«bi^ makktuf.
Occultness, \sajSJ\ iJMifd, Li^ iA^s;
U^;.! ikkfd. See Secretness.
Occupancy (taking or holding poas&
sion), uJ/<^ tasarruf.
Occupant, occupier, «. i.J^'itf^ •wter
rt/, ^li kdbid, cL^lU mdlik ^
Possessor.
Occupation (employment), |J-*c j***
(trade), J«-i *A«|^A/, ii^ kirftL »
Business, Trade ; alio Occupancy.
Occupy, V. (seize, possess), 4-J^ i*''
ra/, k.^ dabat, J^\ akkoM.
Occur, r. t^^iV"*^ hadoi^ t^X^ tat
See Happen. — (to occur to the mns-
alb J^^^ iWi«^«r t^ ^<^^^***- *
amassed three thousand pieces of silver, ^
occurred to mv mind to travel to the «5sp
of other people. I remembered the waa •
one of the poetSy who said,
J^
'j^
Occurrence, < . cyj wukA^ jlw' *^^
ODD
(837)
OPF
^jU ^drid, La5 kadd, JLoj iaiiytU.
See Accidef t| Event.
Occnrrent. See Incidental.
Ocean, L^se^I jStT hahr id miAH. The
Indian Ocean, JCi^l^^ hahr al hind,
j0d>^'i\ja^^ hahr al dkhdar*
Octagon, B, (a building consiBtiBg of eight
sides and angles), ^^^t^ mmamman,
Octangolar, octagonal, \l^jji\ (j^C^ f»«-
umtnan ataawdyd.
Octave, «. ^U $&mn^ JL^U fdrntiia^.
October, J^l \:)i,j^ Uihrin al awwal.
Octuple, uJImI fJUj tatndniyat ad^f.
Ocular (belonging to the eye), ijj^
basari. Ocular demonstration, ioJ^l/L*
mashahadat. An ocular witness, JJbL2»
shdhid, [a/^in.
Ocularly, ^j>^^\ <?li^H>»j himukLluauU
Oculate (having eyes), ^^ 4) Mo ^«-
yiLn^jAi hd$ir»
Oculist, «. Jl^ kahhal
Odd (not even), J^ ford, jU? ^£;
(strange, uncommon), i^^miv^ iffih
ijx\3 1) hOa id^idai, 5j\ji\ jy fawk
al ^ddat, j\sjL^j^ ghofr mu^d,
9^JoMt^ muBiayhrah, c^y^ yharihy
^J\j nddir, Jl4jCm»><^^ yhayr mus-
ta^mal. See Singular, Extraordinary.
— (fantastical), J-^icL* mutakhayyal.
3ddly (not evenly), \jji fardan, Ult
tAJtan ; (strangely), b^ieu**^ mtit^^
rdban, jJiclS lb 5«to kd^tdat.
^ddness (uncommonness), iji jU nddirat*
)ddB (strife), J^J^ yi^d/, icjli^ mn-
fuLn^t uJlsfi^.^ ti^Oa/. See Con-
tention, Dispute, Quarrel. — (advan-
tage, superiority), Idi yhalahat, tjc^\
isii^ ; (difBarenoe), j\p^\ imiiydM,
See Distinction.
Ode, «. ijuMoS huHdal.
Odious (abominable), ^^ ibrfA, ^fz^*»^
mtutakrah, i^J^ makruh.
Odiously (hatefuUy), )r^ J^ htkol karah ;
(invidiously), Ju»fw ^J^ 5»ib^ ^a<^.
Odiousness (hatef ulneas), jfIj^o^! utikrdh,
iub]^ iardhiyat, »^ iarah.
Odium (invidiousness), i»ak) hughdaL
Odor (scent, whether good or bad),
^bc^j rdyhat, jyo^ hakhUr, l-.^ ^f &.
See Smell. — A good odor, LJb ia^^j
rayhat taybat. See Perfdme, OdoriferoosneeB,
Fragrance. — And the owner of this place u in
the utmoet afflnence, delighting himself with
I^eaaant odors, delicious meats, and exquisite
beverages of all descriptions, ^1^1 \3^
MAM I
Odoriferous, odorous, ^uJ? ^^j ^ hho
rayhai tayhai, Jool^ mu^iar. Sec
Fragrant, Perfumed.
Odoriferousness, JLJ9 ie^^j rihat iayhat.
See Eragranoe.
QBsophagus, j;L>- hdh.
Of, ^ min,
0£r, or far off, Juiu ha^d. Not far off,
SMj^ ghayr ha^d. To carry off or
away, /tli i^dm, M; rafa^.
Offence, «. ^«kiaJ toJbfr, Iks;, ifc^o/d, l^..««c
^0^3, LL» <ala^, Z]) sofld^, ^\J ib-
^dAo^. See Grime. — (an injury), ^Loa}
ntfibdii, v^iXiJ ta^addlfjj^ darar. 0
Gkxl, I implore Thy forgiTcness of all offences,
and turn to Thee, repenting of all faults. O
Lord, there ii no animadyerting upon Thee
with respect to Thy judgment and Thy power !
OFF
(838)
OFT
Offend, V. (uynie, make angry), ia\e.
gh&%y c/«3^ Uiadda\ Bee ?roToke.
Offended, l^luU m^hUbt, ^^J'lx* nmh
taaul. To be offended, i^^p / M0&.
See To be angry.
Offender, «. ^J^a^ M«iMl, a^ Miffr«M.
See CriminaL — (one vho injures),
i^jjc^ mtfta^adH.
Offensive (disgusting), »jj^ makrith.
Offensively (injuriously, mischievously),
\ya^ mudttnran; (by way of attack),
f^yf^' hi hujum,
Offensiveness, jjJ tUnrar. See Disgust,
Injury, Mischief.
Offer, V. (as a gift, etc.)i a*^ iaddam.
See Present — (to make a proposal),
^jc ^m^. To offer as a sacrifice,
^ J tahah. To offer «r present itself,
4IU. (j<0^^ li^rad Mhho. To offer or
aim at, Ju^S hoiod. To offer proof,
Offer, «. (anything offered), A^Ji^ M^
Urn, iiJJb hadiy^i (pi. U JJ^ haddfB) ;
(a price bid), Z^ J^U/hU, iL«jL«^ mo-
iHtoamat See Price. — (attempt), J^oj
kasd, JyaL9 mahild, ^jt^sa^, j\f>>^\
ytihady /XcJb\ iktmdm. See Endeavour.
Offered, {jojjfi^ tna^rmd, /^JJb^ mukh
iaddam. See Presented, Given. —
Offered up (dedicated, sacrifioed),C;.>^
mukarrahj ^y,^ masAnh.
Offering, «. (offertory), ^J^ takdimai.
An offering (sacrifice), ^\iji kurhdn,
^3 saih, *«r^^ takrfb, L^ dahiyat.
Office, B. (public charge), J^ȣ ^amcdy
^■■■■-gii^ manBob (pi. c^^^i^ l:^ mandM^),
^U J^ JlAiM^ma^. See Business, Agency.
— (a good office), ^lu«>-l ih^dn^ i^ju
m^mat, 4^^^^^ haurngt^ ^ ii^c. See
Benefit, Favour, Sindn^.— Toooofer
an office, x^nuar.^ ^JarS a^ mad.
To remove from an office, Jje f^
OfficcTi t. (one who holds a puUio offioe';
mamsabddr. C,^^*^ ^^^
Official (belonging to a pnUie offiee,
Officiate, r. <tei^^ Jac ^mnaliMa^
fumtfatoh. See Execate, Dischargt
Officious (kind), l^^jK^ i^m^\^ mH
ma^ftj^ hhayyir.
Offiipring, j!Ij\ molad^ ^y >r^, J-
!•«/ (pL JLJ\ fliMd/), t^ s«tf
(pi. c-^LjI «iMd5), ^\ «/(pl.Jr
w«0» ^'^ &»tUi^ (pi. ClJ^i^^i *»^
nyd<). See Progeny; Propagati*
Production.
Oft, oft-times, often, oftentimes, j^
often? ar^A^ ibswi marroA. Aso^
as, Xy J^ fo/ MtfrroAy Uf« smAs^
Not often,% jU fi4i«raii. SeeSeldi^
How often have I stood fighting, ud ^*
often hare I slain! To how manjtbin^^
I been a witaess ! How often liaT« I ^'
drank, and heard the aooga of siiiffing-b^
How often have I ordered and foi)iiddeB I H*'
many strong fortresses and tofwns htTc I b^
besi^ffed and oonqoered (opened), sad b«
which I have taken the lovely femaleB] ^
ments I Bat in mj i^oranoe I eomaitBC 1
great mistake, obtaining as a seeonST t^
wished for, which proved at last to be ^
Consider then attentively thv ease, u i>-
before thon drink the cop of death ; f^r !^ '
little while, and the dost shall be pooreii?*
thee when lifeless thou ahalt be! «^'
•J?
OLD
(839)
ONS
m
Oh ! ar\ ah ! See Ah ! Then he uttered
a loud crj, and said, Oh my regpret ! Oh my
disappointment ! He was mnch afflicted, and
struck hand upon hand, and said, Oh my grief !
What is this affiair? <?,4>bp ti^y^ ..Lai
Oil, c:-^J My^ Oil of myrrh, iju^
nuiy^ah. Oil of roses, dj^\Ja6. ^air
alwa/rd,
Dil, 17. i^=^jJl; ^i3 dahan hktayU
Oilman, «. <-^^J %aytfdt,j\^ ^audr.
3il-8hop, s, ^t«M9 ^^oO iukkdn sammdn.
>iiitnienty J^^ marham, Uy^jV> ^3 (pi.
t^Ltt o^dd), ^J iM}i (pi. ^UjI
adhdn). See Vngaent.
>ld (aged),^^^b >» Jii^ muiakaddim M
^umr; (ancient, hegon long ago), ^Jj
kadUm, Old men, fys^ Bh^yukh, An
old man of authority, ;^J^ ihayih. An
old woman, jysfi ^ajM. Of old,
L*J«X5 iadtman,
^Iden time, ^^^^^ /»i«^ ifcoAm ioatamdn.
There was, in oUlen time, and in an ancient
age and period, in the land of the Persians, a
£iig called Suleyman, and he was a victorious
lion (a hero), ^^j^\ (Hi*XJ ^ ^\^
Oleaginous, oleose, ,A[j sayH.
Oleaster (wild olive), v^ uJ^J loy^fifi
Olfactory (having the sense of smelling),
Jj^\ ^U^ yamkunaho ashsham.
Olives, ijf^j naytun. An olive tree,
{i)fi) ^/P^ M/ara^ saytUn, ^fiij My-
tunatn
Omeleti ijeP' ^jjat. See Pancake.
Omen, «. JUyS/. [Neglect
Omission, omittance, JUjb^ t^md^ See
Omit, 9. J^4Jbl oAmo/. See Neglect.
Omnipotence, ijSi hudraty LL^^j^ ja-
hraUt, (Jl:^L% nuUukUt.
Omnipotent, jJJJ J^ Ji ^^^ ^ald kol
shy iadir.
Omniscience, u,^jwt\ A& ^m al ghayh.
Omniscient, omniscious, l^-^^ Jlc ^'
Im al yhayh, *Jla ^o/fm.
On, Jfy fawkf ^1& ^ala\ To go on,
jAS>i^\ Utamar; (to make an attack),
f^M^ h(^am. To put on clothes, ^jt^
UbH. To oome on (advance), |*«xaJ
iakaddam ; (to assault), mS^ hajam.
Therefore it is natural that I should weep and
moum. On hearing these words, I abstained
from rehukine her, and said to her, Do what
seems fit ana proper to thee, for I will not
oppose thee, ^\^ ^\ Ji ^ J^
Once, ij^ marrat, ij\j tdratan', once
(at a former time), UjLi edbikan,
UtXL« fMihM(m<M. See Formerly.
One, Jk>>\« wdhid (fern. S Jl».U tpdhiiaf).
One hy one, lj^>^U tji»^1« wdhHtom
ffftfMtoiy 1J;J 1 J^ /ordivii/flftidfi. One
OPE
(840)
OH
b^
1j wdhtd
after another,
ha^dwdhid. One or two, ^^^\^\ Jl>-|^
wdhidaw&mayin. Ereryone, «X>-|^(J^
Jul wdhid.
Onion, t. J«^ hoidl.
Only (single, one and no more), Ju^*^
woAfi, JjL^ mufrad. See alone. —
(singly, simply, merely), kis /ila^,
iA:>- khdsaUm. Know then that the
son of my tister is more beautifnl and more
loTelT than sbc^ and that his father was Sjiij;
of aU the Persians, and that now he is their
King ; and Joharah is not soitable to any but
him only,^j;**o-l j:ji^\ ^1 ^\ ^jAz]
Onset, i. j^^jB^ hujum. See Assaolt,
Attack. — To make an onset, a^
hqfitm. See Assault.
Onward, a«x£7 taiaddum, j^sSj takdlm,
To proceed onward, aJ^ tahtddam.
See Advance, Proceed.
Onyx, ». JM ^kUs, ^ j>- /w^.
Ooze, ^^ tin, (J,>>^ t&oA/. See Mnd.
Opaque (not transparent), cJIjLi^^
ghojfr thaffhf.
Open, 9. ope (unlock, unclose), ,^J
fatah; (to disclose, explain, show),
j^l athar, t^JJl^ huhaf.
Open (notdosed), ^f^ maftah,uJy'iC^
makshnf; (apparent, patent), jJbUo
saAtr, ^U» shdffi^. An open place,
(for exercises, etc.), ^tju/e mZc^fi.
See Oymnasium.
Opened, ^f^ mafiikh.
Opener, «. ^li fdUh.
Opening, «. ^ /a^A (pi. ^yii >^flA).
■Rreaoh, Orifice. — (an exordium).
iaddamat,\s^^wkMd. SeeBcgnoii^
Opening {part.), ,^?\3jatik
*\A
Openly (publicly), I^U? zdA«
^dnan, \j^ jaknm, IJls' &s2a»-
yatan/is>Aj>a iordhaUm. SeeFU^
Evidently. [Mib
Operate, v. f^A>c ^moL See£i»t,An
Operation, «. (work), f^A^ tumd, ^£
Jl^l; {eSect),j^\jtd9ir; (morenifl:.
i^j^- harcAat, See Action, Ages?
Influence, Effect. — The opentioig i
an army, ^^CmkSI Cl>l^^ harskaii-
^kar.
Operative, y^ ffif«w»tr, ^^J.-*^ ^
ilcM ^ la]io Ja^iyai,
Operator, t. ^JcU /a^t7, J^U ^a«£
Opiate, t. (a medicine causing ske?.
si^' U.>f^ ««^"«» a>^fijif.
Opiniative (imaginary), >c^ t«is^
^l^ iA«^Sft, |e*^U3 ifc«^d«i.
Opiniatively, jIiju hi^mdd. See (^
stinately.
Opiniatre, Ju:x ^id. See Obstiiufe>
Opiniatrety, jLa JXj &iZo/ ^ma^. ^
Obstinacy.
Opinion, ^Jo tann (pi. ^^^ tain),^^
fkr (pi. jlOl a/%ar), ^^ tfoto ;j^
aUjI at^Adm), y^\j rdy, ^j^^^ ^
mfn. A just opinion, ^ jLo ^K r^
»dJf%. An unJQst opinion, dJ'^f
fihrfaiid. To form an opim'on, ^*
sofiii, ^^iliit iftakar, ^iby iawMm
And the right opinion is, that I should retci
and govern the empire until God shall setil'
and settie for us the affair of mj iob: -
not then forget him, nor n^leet his c«t
XCL4^ (jMyJj ^frj^ ^^\ jlj juJl J);
Sj^\^\y^l^1j. Thotthsi^i
OPP
(841)
OPP
good opinion of the days when they were
mvonrable to thee, and hadflt no fear concern-
ing the evil that destiny was preparing ; thy
nights were peaceful, and thou wast deoeiyed
by them; when the nights are the most
bright it is then that there cometh gloom,
•^^WUUki
>-\
(J.
pinionatiye. See Opiniative.
pinionativeness. See Obstinacy,
pium, jji^-il afyun.
pponent, uJllsr^ mukhdlif, fjOj\*^
mu^drtd. See Antagonist, Adversary.
pponentSy XaSIs^ ^jls*^t ashdh mu-
khdlafat. [^^\y tnutodfik,
;>portane, ^i Idyik, ^...wL^ mun&»%b,
^portanely, ^^-^|^ (juo^l c,.'^ «■■>■<»"
hMob al waht wasuamdn, iLA:>^ Jij
hikol mundsabat, UiU^ tnuwafikan.
See Seasonably.
)portunityy l^Jfttrsai, uSi^j toakL
>pose, V. (^l^ khdlqf, Ajli kdwam,
•Xi^lj dddad, f--^^ mdna^f cAr^^
i^iarad, fjoyu ta^arrad. See Eesist.
— (to place as an obstacle), (Xa sadd.
And she said with a very lond Toice, Do not
jppose what I am doing, for if thou oppose,
ir make the slightest objection, I will kill
rnyself. And I abstained m>m upbraiding her,
md left her free to herself, v::.
tposite (facing each other), JjU««
nukshHf y^^y fMwolM^ JjU:^ i»«-
\akdhil, aU\ amam; (adverse, repng-
lant), uJU^ mukhalif, uJlU. khOof,
j\m^ muffhdyn', Ju^ diddf ^jai\i>^ mu'
\ahid. See Contrary. — Opposite to
Oppositely (facingly), .^iLiJU htl mu^
kdhalat; (adversely), ^Isr^ ^J^ hikol
mukhalafat, [3L>^khildfan,Lai\:^Jij
hikol mundkadai.
Opposition, oppositeness (of situation),
JLLlLt mukdhalat, i^\y^ mutodjahat,
lsi\s^ mukhdlafat, t^lsT takhdlaf,
^<H**> khildf,i^j\sL>^ mu^dradat,^j\Mj
ia^rud, X^^lL« mukdwamat. See Be-
Bistance, Impediment. — ^Without op-
position, L0j\x^ h hild mu^radat, ^
fjOjfUj^minffhayrta^arrud. I know
that thou wast a man of sense and of good
manners ; and if thou art changed, I will ac-
quaint her with this, and inform her that thou
hast offered opposition to her female slave,
Oppress, V. Ji? talam^ _Lc 4^JuC fo"
^<nM^' ^o/Ss'. See Crush, Overpower, Subdue.
— Oppress not, if thou hast the power to do so,
for oppression will CTentually oring thee re-
pentamoe. Thine eye will sleep, while the
oppressed, wakeful, will call for vene eanoe
upon thee ; and the eye of God sleepetn not,
Oppressed, /»^Ux« nunlilm,j^f£B^ mqfhur.
Oppression, Ji? tuhn, j^p^ jahr, ^^J^
iacoddi, j^ jawr. See Cruelty, In-
jory. Hardship, Calamity, Misery. —
Oppression of spirits, 1 J^ sawdd, ^i
ghamj A\ alam. See Melancholy.-—
Betake tiiysel^ therefore, to the praotioe of
compassion and equity, and relinquish evil and
oppression, for it will be more pleasant to thy
life,/Jlvir^j ^\^}\^ji)\i dilUi
Oppressive, ^^^ill? su/mf, i^j^ kahrl.
Bee Gruel, Tyrannical, InhumaUi Hard,
Heavy, Bnrthensome.
0£A
(842)
OBD
OppresMr, #. JU0. %aUm, ^^Juc^ mm^h-
^addif jU>- jabhdr, j)\^ jdNr. See
Tyrant.
Opprobrious, ^^ mufdih, (jiu>-L}
fdhiih. See Beproachful, Sctirriloas.
Opprobrionsly, Jx, Jij 5i3b/ ^ar, Jij
^L^Uoi hikol fadihat.
Opprobrium, opprobriouBoess, v_— '^
^l, Iaoa fadlhat,j\A ^r. See Be-
proach, Scurrility.
Optatire, ^jj^j tamannl. [SomtI.
Optical, optic (relating to Tision), u^/^
Optic, i, (instrument of sight), ij^
noKMdrat. See Eye.-— The science of
optics, 2r^L«J1 Ac ^Um id munduartfi,
j^\ Ac ^m al hoior. The power of
optics, i^U\ i^ kawat al hdstrat.
Optician, *. ^^l^Saij^i^liyi^ 1^*/'^^
mdkir ft ma^rifat annf^r tea tiatar d
^Hn. Ikhdb. See Choice.
Option, jLi£^t ikhtiffar, l^\^\ inti-
Opulence, 4]j J dawlat, ^ji^ ghma\ Iji
Jul I hmat almOl, J\y\ amwdl, Sjji
MTwai. See Wealth, Biches.
Opulent, ^^c ghanl. See Bich.
Opulently, ^^ JL hihol gham\ i^^
hUarwai, See Splendidly.
Or, b yd, ^\ aw. See Either ; aUo GWd.
So u^n this the porter was confounded, and
he said within himself, By Qod I this place is
one of the plains of Paradise, or it is the palace
of a King or Sultan, l::-^ tA^i J^
^ILLijI vlJX* . Wilt thou remain in
thy dty, or come with me to my capital,
Orade, «. (the word of God), ^\ c^lLf^
khUdb ikM, ^\ ^^ wcta Ma, k}
dyai (pL cl^bT agdi).
Oraison, i^ saint See Ptayer.
Oral, ^«X^ haiUi.
Orange, s. ^^ji hwrtdkane.
Oration, t. c-;\k>> MiM3, JLk:>^ UmM,
Ai^ hildm. A faneral oration, lA*
maniya;t. Celebrated in a fnsm.
oration, i^^^x^ numdub.
Orator, s. i^'^Aj'^ kMlh, ,^^ fo^k
Oratory, aK!1 Ac ^t^ al ialdm^ i>^lj
fasdhai, IcL laldghd, SeeEloqns^
Bhetoric.
Orb, 9. iji\t^ ddyrat, j^J dawr (pL^'^
adwdr). See Sphere ; oi^M Bi^
Circle, Wheel. The celestial orb, uC*
falak (pL cAij\ afldk). See Hcar^
Universe.— The orb of the moon, *^
j^\ jirm al kamar. The sun's st,
^yMMiduJl Mj>-jWm ashshams^
Orbed, orbicular, j^«X^ ntmdansr
jjJSoM^ mustailr, jAti ddyir, S^
Ciroulftr, Bound, Spherical.
Orbicularly, L^jcum^ mustM^vn, ^«
Circularly. [i»
Orbiculamess,^^ Jj tadw^. See Bosai-
Orbit, #. ifyjl J ddyratfj^J dawr. See(^*
Orchard, <. ^\::umj ^^11. [^
Orchestra, a. ^yi^ t^^ mavdlif^dHM'-
Ordain, v, (appoint), ^^ t5^iy^> i^
decree), .^1 amor, A^ haiam; ;&
establish, institute), wJ|^ multf^; .
appoint to an office),
a^h mamab.
Ordained (appointed).
See Established, Ordered.
Order (method, regnlardispodtiaD),^^^^
tadiir, LfjjL\ asM, |»Uai niM^'
I'iL-'
OBD
(843)
GBQ
funm, ^^iaBj\ tnikdm; (rale, regola-
tion), iTtXcli kd^idahf jf^ii tkuHr,
^^Jb tank, L^}ji aalnh, ^^\j kd-
nUn ; (maadate), *C^ hukm, j^\ amr,
Laj httd&. See Command. — (a rank 9r
class), <^j*^ darajat, iJHj ruJthat, i^y
nutrtahuit (pi. ^^|/* mardtib), ijJb
tdbaJutt. See Degree. — (fraternity,
society), ^^i akhawiyt^. The order
of angels, 2iJiji\ e^L^ mardtib al
maldykai, A religious order, ^UwJb;
rahbanmt. Of an inferior order, io^
awta\ The chief of an order, \j^^j
rayyii. In alphabetioal order, _)l£
\js^\ c-iji^ H---V t^ <^»* ^ruf
al hajd. Arranged in order, a^Ii:^
mantnm. Without order, i^^Jy lb
btld tartlh. See Irregular. — (without
command from a superior), a^^
btld huhn.
rders (ranks of men, etc.), t— ijB^ 9ufaf;
(commands), a\S^>'\ ahldm, j^]^^
rder, v. (regulate, arrange), 2i3j natam,
K.^^^Jj Jf* ^amal tariib \ (to manage),
^O dabbar ; (to direct), JJ^j\ anhad,
j^\ amor. See Prescribe. — To arrange
in alphabetical order, Uy.'^jy ,^^ J^
L^\ i^jj^ naaam ^M tarUb hmr^f
al hajd.
rdered (commanded), (^^*^^ fnahhUm ;
(arranged), i»j h; ^ mawtfim,
murattab. See Ordained.
*derer, «. (arranger), J9U ndim,
fnurattib ; (commander), ^U- ^M».
•derless, L^y lb 3tZ3 Urtlb.
•derliness, fXoj nia&m, ^^y tarM.
^ee Begulaiity.
Orderly, adf. l^^j^ bi tartlh .Bee
Begolar. — (according tocastom),^|^
iFiXglJLH muwdfik al kd^iddh ; (not tu-
multuous), (^jU kddi, ^\j rdkin.
See Quiet.
Orderly, adv, j^Ui) J^ bikol iiMdfW, JC
^.^Tpj WW tartlb, ^^,a>,rwl Jlc
Cy^jT^! ^oZcf' a^tfii attartfb.
Ordinal (noting order «r series),
iarilbl, ^c^Ua; nMdml.
Ordinance, '• f y<^ «Aar^, ^yli kdnUn,
ifOjJ^ thari^t, ^j rasm, is&M td^-
dot. See Law, Precept, Eule, Ap«
pointment.
Ordinarily (according to custom), c-^.mm»-
id\si\ hoBob al ^ddat, if JlcUJI Jh^I^
muwdjik al id^tdat; (usually), UU
ffhdUban, U^4X ^umUtnan, ^Ls»-^lj
j\:u««]l bil wajh al mu^dd. See Com-
monly, Frequently.
Ordinary (usual), ^^ jLlcI i^iyddi, ^^c^j
rasml, ^<Liȣ ^mall, t}\sjL^ mu^d,
^yU!l L^^Miff*^ hoBob al kdnUn; (vul-
gar), i^^ ^(Smml. See Common.—
(mean, of inferior rank),^«A». hakir,
^0 dRn; (not handsome), ,^^ kdbih»
Ordinate, v. See Ordain.
Ordinate. See Orderly. [Cannon.
Ordnance (cannon), i^jio tawb. See
Ordure, ^^ wasakh, ^^ttJxT nqfae. See
Dung, Filth. Ikhdm.
Ore (of any metal), /^S^. ^Jjl^ ma^dan
Organ, t. (musical instrument), ^j\
arghun\ (instrument, member), iS\
dlai,yac ^adU.^'The organ of hearing,
Ju^Ut i^\ al kuwai aadmi^. See
Hearing, Ear. — The organ of taste,
^\jJ1 Hi] al dlat audyiai. See
OEN
(844)
OSS
Palate.— The organ of touch,JLyb«llt Ui]
dl dlat al lamitat. See Feeling. — The
organ of smell, £«luJ1 iM\ al dlai ash-
ahdmat. The organ of sight, d^U\Z!]lt
al dlai al hdsiraL See Eye.
Organist, «. ^^J^ ^^*^ dakkdh al arghm.
Organize, v, i^j rakiab, k^j raitab,
Joj tuuam. See Form, Frame.
Ozganj, origan (herh),^!*.^ arjix^ sartor.
OrichalG (a kind of hrass),^^^ (jwU^
nahds asfar.
Orient, J/^^ oshiharL
Oriental, SjJL iharkl, (fern. iJjJ^ Bkar-
kiyaty Oriental countries, jjLuL^
maihdrik.
Orifice, a. (mouth), ^ fum (pL /tLi^\
afindm); (opening), ,^ fath. See
Mouth, Hole, Opening, Fissure, Per-
foration.— The orifice of the uterus,
Jus:r* mahbal.
Origin, original (source), J^\ asl,jXay9
nuudar, 1 Ju^ tnahda, 1 Jcj\ ibtidd. See
Beginning.— (descent), J-^l ael, J-»J
nasi, Uj^.wmJ nasal, ^j^:^ jins. An
original (first copy, archetype), J-^^
asl, i,s^ nashhat, if^y^^ musawwadi.
An original author, ^X>^\ uJJ^t al
mULolif alasH, ,X^^\ L,a;^4]l al tm-
sannif alasll.
Original, adj. ^X^\ mU- See First,
Primitiye, Pristine, Essential.
Originally, J-^^1 ^ min al asl, J^5lt ^
mm al aunoal, ^^ jJ\ ^ flal ladaytU.
Originate, r. (spring from), ^j Ju^ sadar
min\ (to bring into existence), 2rLkel
J^^ a^&h toujUd, *^j>'y i^^^ ^anuh
laho matpfnd.
Origination, jlad ijad, jJ^ iawUd.
Ornament, s, ^j zinat. An ornament
of gold, silTer, ete., worn by wtna
round their ankles, JUA^ OaQM,
An ornament of fringe, ete., roosd t
garment,J> luf <0^^. See Embroider.
— ^The ornaments of a wall (as pEC-
ing, stucco, etc.), ^IVij^^ ^^Jj n^^
alhXidn, Cc^^ muBO/fk
Ornamental, ^^ji\ (J^^ ^^fl
Ornamentally, h>ij J^ htboi wi^.
Ornamented, ornate, ^^
mm
^^ mutauyyin.
Ornamented with gold and jewels,
mwrassa^ A scimitar onuun^itBdvii
gold and jeweb, ^*^ l»Bj-i sggfmr
rassa^ The ornamented title <^ i
book (j^o, the ornamented front <^ t
palace, etc.), ^^^ ^attwdn. An ona
style, i^yiy^ /^^ kaldm musaUt^
Omateness, omature. See Beoontk.
Finery.
Orphan, t. m^cj yaUm (fem
pi. ^^ yatdnu^, Jsj\ aytdm)
make one an orphan, ^ |fa^tei«
A^. ^mdlaho ffoHm. An oarphan hf'
pital,^lajy la-— 1 i^^Wo/irfyirf^
•ft
Orpiment, ^jj %amM»
Orthodox, ^^u^tiyj\ artoduksi.
Orthography, Ltl tmld, ijb^l LJ ier
dl hitdhat. To mark AraMe wix
orthographical points, iZj\ijs\ ^^
V-
wada^ al harakdt [
Oscillation, iytjis haahatai. See Tibn-
Osier, uJ\^aLp safsdf.
Osprey (sea eagle), jss\l\jmj nmr -
3aAr, c^Ufi ^ukdh.
Ossification (becoming bone), or to osb^.
r^
\ Ag\ait7 to^sSm a/ Ubi.
OYE
(845)
OVE
Ostensible or ostenaiYei^U? tdhir.
Ostentation, ostentatioofinessy f VioT ta-
'stentatious, ^x^c^ mtdasanm^. See
Vain, FompouSy Boastfiil. — To display
ostentationsly, /»Klb ^^ tasanna^
hU kaldm. See Yainly, Pompously,
stler, ^^L> sdjfu. See Oroom.
strich, s. aU3 na^dm, <uU3 na^meh.
thery^^ I dhhaTfj^ghayr. See Another,
Different — One after the other, «\^fj
^Sl Jjc ioahid hacd d dkhar. Other-
while, at other times, uuJ^^^ _3 /I
ghayr wahU
therwise, else (if not), )1^ wa tlld,
1 ^^^j «^ tn^ft 2d; (in another
manner, in other respects), i^^j^^Ju
Inghayr wqfh ; (by other causes), jJi
c-^l^t laghayr ashdb.
tter, $. Ull ^^ ^^ o/md.
v'al (in the shape of an egg), JC& .le>
7en, *. f^fum.
7er (above,8uperior), Jlc ^ala*; (across),
^ ^ahr; (above the top), jy fawk,
^^^ ^aU ; (too much), if jbj %igddat,
x^ \ jy /<iu7^ a/ ^M2e7. See Beyond. —
D ver and above, jy/ofe;^. Over against,
J^La^ mukdhd. See Opposite. — To
2F08B over, ^ls> ^ ^lai ^ato^ mm
'^oM. To pass over a rlver,^^.^! ^
er-abound, v. zS^^jij^Xa $dr hoBlr
erbalance, v. ^^ jli /d^ ^ala\ ^j
.^U^il ro^A a/ tnHdn.
'erbear,i;. ^*^^ JJ^ s^bm wa ia^di^,
erbid, v. sAj ^^ ^ J dafa^ taman
iilytd. [markab.
erboardy i^^j^\ ^jl-c^ ihdraf ci
Overburden, v. Ja^\J^ hattar al html.
Overbuy, v. (buy too dear), ^jj^sj i//^l
^U uhtarn^ hiUman ghdll.
Overcast, v. (overcloud), ^ ghayyam.
Overcharge, v. (surcharge the stomach),
J^b J^ takkal hUaJd.
Overcome, r. c^Jii ghaM, jJ^ tafiur.
See Conquer,Overpower, Vanquish; oho
Overcharge.
Overfieill. See Cataract.
Overfloat. See Swim.
Overflow, v. (deluge), J-^^jU idr 9ayl,
^^j\^ «ar tawqftln. See Drown.
Overforwardness, ^lLstI f^ kiU'at al
Overgorge, v. See Overcharge.
Overgrow, r. (as vegetation ),^^^ kab-
har hair J j^ JjLy Uwwal hatlr ; (to
become too big or tall), imm^I iJi^X^
idr ^Im ajjjUm.
Overgrowth, ^^1 ifjljj %iydiat al hibry
y^\ if jbj niyddat annamn.
Overharden, v. iij\iji ^^\^ Af ^arnoMo
mdkin bkiyadat.
»
Overhaul, v. «Xt J^ ^j^ ^jos? ^^j rafi^
fahas mmjadld.
Overhead, ^J\ Jic ^^^ min ^M arrdif
{j*i)J\ (jt^ ^ minfawk arrds.
Overhear, v. _U cs-wi;; tana»$a^ ^M.
See Hear.
Oveijoy, V. \,^ ^<^ji farrahaho jiddan.
Overlabour, v. (bestow too much pains),
^^uJi\Ji kastar M«a^f.
Overlarge, \^ j^ kdblr jiddan, j^
sc\ij) kabiir bkyddah.
Overleap, r. ^ ^ cJL tafmin ^.
Overlive, r. ^^J^\ ^J^£ ^dih aksar mm.
See Oatlive, Survive.
OWN
(848)
PAC
See Yiolenti Tomoltaoasy Turbulent,
Enormous.
Outrageously^ \jii\ Jij hiiol iftira.
Ontrageou8ne88,4^Juu to^a4i(tfty\^t iflird.
Outride, 9. c^jllj ^J^ sabak M rikb.
Outroot, r. ^li kala^, cjj nata^ See
Eradicate, Extirpate.
Outrun, V. f^/a^J\i (Jf^ sabak hU raid.
Outsail, r. ^^^j^ (Jf^ ^'r^j^ markah
sabak marhab. [/dk biUam^.
Outshine, v. (excel in lustre), ^^Ij Jili
Outshoot, 9. ^j^ *Xmj\ ^jmt^ kawwas ab^ad
mm. [Superficies.
Outside, s. ^^ sath. See Surface,
Outswear, s. Sj^ ^ ^»JJii*^\ cJi^- halaf
ahsan mm ghayriM.
Out-talk, V. ij^ ^j^jS\ ^1>^ hM
aksar mtn ghayrihi.
Outvote, V, ls.J^\i Cy^d.X hessb bUkir^at.
Outwalk, V. ij^ ^ Ji^\ ^J^ meshl
aksar min ghayrihi.
Outward, -^J^ khdrij. The outward
appearance, iyt^S ijyA\ assurat assd-
hu'at, A9^j ioqfh^j^^ zdhir.
Outwardly (externally), Wjf^ sHratant
\jJbUff tdhiran, yb\!iii\ ^^\i biltcafh
audhir. [btlkhdraf.
Outwards (towards the outside), -prjls^b
Outweigh, 9. ^j^\ ^j rajjdh al watn.
Outwit, V. (deceive), ^/Lc ghash, jJlc
ghadar. See Cheat.
Outwork, s, tj\ji k^ hayt barr&nl.
Owe, V. (be in debt), ^J ^uic ^alayh
dayn.
Owl, s. (owlet), z*^ bum {fem,JUt^bumat).
Own, adj. ^^ tuifs, iJL^\j tdt, ^^^ ^ne.
My own book, ^A^ii l5^^ **^*' ^/"
nthco, etc. I remained in (hat nD^np^
ing of what I had done, and said vithin btk/.
B J God, I haye hastened my oim deitnKCiA.
• m
Own, r. (acknowledge), Ji kar^ lj^
i^taraf. See Confess. — To own jt pos-
sess, vl^X« melek\ (claim), t^J ja:
^amdl da^wd.
Ownership, iC^U mdlikiyai, CS^ ^
maUuk. See Possession.
Owner, s. (Ji3U md/«^ u^^^U k^^
uJ;«^^ mutasarrif* See Fonea^
Master, Lord.
Ox, s. Sjh bakara (pL ^aj baiar)*
Ox-stall, ^l^^l akhur al hahr.
Oyster, l[»>/^f isiiridiyd, uJ«XtfM^^
P.
P has an uniform sound in EsglishfC
oepting before h, where it Bounds
/, as 'philosopher.' At the begte
of some words, when followed byU*
sound is not perceptible, as 'Pti^J
The Arabians have no characta :-*
this letter, on which account theTS>
stifcute, in general, uJ, when tkl
adopt words where it occurs, t^
foreign languages; as J^ tot v*;
' an elephant ;* ^/**;\j for fjuj^t ^*
sia.' Sometimes they use M* '
(^y for Fatdus, 'PauL* [^^ \
Pabular, .pabulous (alimentaiy), Jf'*
Pace, s. aS9 kadam, ijis:>^ khaivtf h
i:L)\ja£S^ kkatwdt). See Step, Ifetf^^
— Pace by pace, j^jJb ^aJj JUi^B^
kadam. And she dad him in womes's iff'-f -
and isid to him, Walk behind me, aadis^l
PAI
(849)
PAL
thy body from ride to ride as thou steppest,
and proceed not with a hasty pace, nor take
notice of any one who may speak to thee,
'acificatioDy iaii.a/9 mmdlahat, J^ »ulh.
acificator, pacifier, ^lio^ muadlih.
acific, M^ salim.
acifically, [ar^ sulhan, ULtj^.^ Jij
hikol mlhin wa saldnuih. See Mildly,
acify, V, (make peace), J^ J-«x ^amal
8ulh, fc^JJ^ haddc^. See Eeconcile,
Appease.
(if
ack, package, 8, (load), <UJ»- huunat,
3l\j hdlah. See Load, Bundle,
ick, V, (bind ap), aJ^ haxm,
Etcker, », (♦ij^- hassidm.
icket, 8, (mail), ^^^^ p&hit,
ick-saddle, 8. ^Jf\i pdldn.
ict, paction, Lyl 8hart, J^ ^aAi, jac
^kd. See Contract, Bargain.
idlock, 8. Jaj kufl. To padlock, JiS
i^an, 8. |«;jj u^Manl. See Heathen.
ig^nism, /^Litfll if jLc ^ddat al (undm,
.ge, 8. (of a book), Jis:^ 8afhat (pi.
8afhdt), isus^ 8ahl/ah (pi.
bls'^ 8dkdyif). The two opposite
pages of a book, ^Jl::i31 Ixlj daffatd
zl hiidb. A page boy, /«!U ghaldm,
^5 La «ai^. See Attendant, Cupbearer.
g^eant, 8. Ja:t>y matuar, J^ mazhar
pi. -JbUsL^ mosd^iir). See Show,
spectacle. [See Idol.
^od, 8. (idol), ^Pj t^OMM, ^«:«^ 8anatn.
LI, 8. (for milk), v,,,^Jjyl Uj wa^d al
^M, fjf^ matban*
Pain, ^5»-j wq/tf^, JUaJl infill, Ji
o^m, J'ljf taallum, ^j»- Ai»i». See
Anguiah, Grief, Trouble, Torment. —
(punishment), c-^Uc ^f£d3, (i-^^liX^
Fains, JLsr^ mihtuit, HjL^ mtuhakkat,
Sp^jadd, s^jahd. See Labour, Toil.
— The pains of child-bearing, ^\^
makhdd. [Torment ; ako Ache.
Ttdn^v.^^^wajfa^tfiyallam. See Afflict,
Painful, pained (full of pain), Jil:;^^ mu-
taaUim ; (difficult), c^^ot^ «a^3.
Painfully (with great affliction), Jo
Ingham, ^^jj^/J^ J^ ^^^ alamin
tea taqfa^; (laboriously), ^*^^ J^
J^^^ if^/ jaddin wafahd, ^pu» Jm
&t^/ 8a^.
Paint, t'. (represent by delineation and
colour), jya 8awwar ; (to colour), ^,y
Painted, ^^a:^ man^A; (as a picture),
Painter, 9.jya^ mtuaundr.
Painting, part, jya^ mu8aunvir.
Painting, «. ^Jlju tutluh, jly^ ta8Wir,
See Picture. — The art of painting, Jue
jiy^^ lilm atta8wlr. And ordered
them to whitewash that palace, and to decorate
it with various kinds of paintings, /*^^|^
Pair, 8. -p.^J «w^'. Seie Couple. — ^A
married pair (husband and wife), ^^^^j
%awjdn.
Pair, 9. (join in couples), ^jj uawwaj;
(tobe joined in couples), ^ ^Jj toMunoaj.
Palace, t^^j^ 8ardg, j^ haw (pi. jy^
ku9ur\ 1 saw a door, and I entered it, and
behela a palace strongly and beuutifully con-
•tnicted, where I foond a lady, like a pearl of
64
PAL
(850)
PAL
mtt priee, whott aspect tauihed from the
netrt all anzietj ana grief and aillictioii.
jCbu:
^J ^(^^
Paknqiim, $. ^^j uucir UMt rUdn.
Palatable (agreeable to the taste), «3j jl
Jaa%t ^/uJ^ nafU. [mI^ al hoik.
Palate, #. CJ^ hanak, j^\f^JL^
Palatine (poflfieseed of regal rights),
I^ JikiJ v.^^U tdhib iiiildalhuai.
See Sovereign. L*^^)*
Pale (in colour), JlA Mfar (fern. \jLa
Pale, «. (for making indosures), JJj
watad (pi. 4>lJ«f atctdd). An indosnre
or fence of pales, a palisade, palisado,
Palefaced, i^j^\ji^\ atfar al toqfh.
Paleness, j\sLfi safdr.
Pall, r. (become insipid or vapid),
vJjjU «dr dele^; (to make insipid),
«J J dalla^.
Pallet, #. (mean or small bed), <LJ*y
a ,Jl>- fanha haklra.
Palliate, v, cljl^^Jcc J-4X ^<w7kiZ^faflrfi<;
(to mitigate pain, etc.), IJj ^j ray-
yah Milan, t^jJ^ u-aL^- khaffaf al
waja^
Palliation, palliative, l-^*^^ L-fl-ifliT
"j^joiii^J takhflf d %anb hil i^i%&r.
See Excuse, Apology.— (mitigation of
pain, etc.), i^^AJLoer takhflf t ^j**^
taskm, ii!b\i i\j\j^ maddrah hdtilah.
Palliative, adf. (mitigating pain, etc.),
hait&l yarayyih kaUlan wa mdyutaiyyih.
PaUid. See Pale.
Pahn-tree, J. Askr tutkhU, The fibres
of the palm-tree (of vhich fkej
ropes, ete.), (.JJ ^f. The pak
(victory), i^ mairmt,j^ M/5r. Set
Triumph. — ^The palm (of the boC-
^\U^hrfayad, isAjTdktL id
when he had thus made me forget tiie t£- f
xest, and had left mj hodee deans tiic:»
palm of my hand (emptj) \ I eaidto hiB^BsEr-
mnet he put aside when dktraB » osi. t
perfumes are laid aaide when the v^j^kas^ "
a marriage are ended; bo hestir th^^L*
make gain by Ay art, and tir to gsiha t:
fruitof thyskill,*Zp-y\ ^ JU'-u
• &
Palma-christi, fj/^ Hwm^.
Palmer, «. ^jC^U- *fl£rt, ^^•^ ■*
datH, See Pilgrim.
Palmer-worm, «. ^^ /A umm i^ti.
Palmistry, jJ^ Jx ^t7»i oZ yai, -
L4^^ f t7m a<«fmld. See Cbiromsir
Palpable (perceptible by the toet^
^yus^ mahsiU, ^j.^\ Jjl5 io-'-
^0m; (manifest), ^'^ loaiiX.
Palpableness (to the tonch), ^^^^M^"r*
kahiliyat al lams ; (manifestness), Jy*
tatodlh, ^;-^ ^o^n.
Palpably (by the tonch), ij»^\ ^
lams; (manifestly), ]^l-b saiir^
^\ d5f-y 3i wajhin wadih, [Ti*^
Palpation, ^^;*i^ iam. See Feefe
Palpitate, i;. J^ khafak, i^Js^j
See Tremble.
Palpitation, t-Ji» ^^Ui:^ tt*>^ *
kalh, i^r^\jjj^j rtpaf^ tli^
Were I to explain the burnings I am c^
going, and the sickness and eortasrof fc'^**
palpitation, neither paper, pen, "^ "^ ^
remain upon the earth, nor a soap epe» *^
to write, ^^ *UJ1 U ^^1 ^
/I
PAN
(851)
PAR
j^ cTV ^^ urr^ C^ cT*^ dr^
Ifiied, ^^)^ maflaj,
Isy, *. JU /aW;; (hemiplegia), Jli
'a/t;; (paralysis), iULe^ ra^ihat.
Itry, -Id- A«*ir, J J danl, JJi
o/i/. See Mean, Contemptible, Pitifal.
Itriness, sJSl^ hakdrat. See Meanness.
mper, v, ^jlo Mf^\ at^am hitiyadat^
JJ J daUalf ij.4^ Mtnman,
mpblet, s. *X>-t J>- ^ -.dS ilLf ft-
d^^ kadhfl hah ahhad,
mphleteer, jJi\ J^ ^ -jli hddihfl
\ak al ghayr.
a, «. (for frying, stewing, etc.), iJ^
•uzJ&^a', il£« mahlat (pi. ^U^ ma^/i),
[lacca, «. (universal remedy), ^Ic
icake, «. ^11) ^ y fkitr^ ioldhiyai.
le, «. >-^/^ murahha^, ^j^ murah-
a^at, A pane of glass, JjjS ^^ ^007^
was. [j^(Mf.
legyric, -.J^ madhf Uj sand, ujii^^
icgyrist, a. -\x« madddh. See En-
omiast.
ig,». ^ffham, 2\ alam,Jb\^\ ^\Jj\
.kibad al khatir. See Angoish, Fain. — So
>r heart felt the pangs of separation ; and
hen she went forth, and saw the preparation
mm *
»r travel, she wept violently, \j**>s^
•• • • ^ ••
g, r. ^^^wajja^ See Pain, Torment.
m dan iohab, \^^ kkatcf. See
eiTOfi Fright
Pannel, «. (pack-saddle), ^b ^d/^»,
^^lA..! aomar, ^«^ harda^ (pi. ^]^
5ard(^i^).
Pannier, «. J^^Jj »m&i/, Ji?^ A^r^/,
^ ibf^, Ay4 fo//^. See Hamper,
Basket
Panther, $.j^ fH*mr,j^^ habr.
Pantofle, #. i^y V ^^^^A- ^^ Slipper.
Papa, b b pdpd or b b ^5d. See Eath^.
Papaverous (resembling poppy), ^Jl^
.1
L/-
1 mta/ 0/ ihashkhdsh.
Paper, ^^^ warak. Blotting-paper, Jij^^
i^w tt^ofd^ nashshdf, A sheet or
leaf of paper, dii^^ t^oro^, jjtj i*«^
talkiyat toarak.
Par (equality), Sl^Lu^ miMAirdA, ^Ux^
Parable, «. Jl^ nuualf J^A^J (amaf^.
Parables, cl.*1l^ masaldt, i:Ji.^^4>,j
tatMlldt.
Parabolical, ^^J^ masalh
Parabolically, k*.\,4^.i iamtHlan, ^^yJ
^JgA^'H 5t tcqfh al tam$iL
Parade, ^ulxs ^anamat. See Pomp,
Magnificence, Show. — Military parade
or array,^LjJl _]x ^>l( koihf^la^
al ^asdkir, A parade or place for
military exercise, ^^Ju^ mli<3n.
Paradigm, s. Jt^ moial (pi. ilil^! am-
silat). See Example.
Paradise, i^^^j^ fardus (pi. ^/mJ jUi
farddU)f iL:^ jannat (pi. d^uc*"
janndt). Belonging to Paradise, para-
disiacal ; also the blessed, or the in-
habitants of Paradise, ^^t}j3 fardusl.
We continaed our Toyage until we arrived at
an island like one of the gardens of Paradise,
PAE
(852)
PAE
Paradox, «. (a tenet oontrary to received
opinion), ^Jsj\ tbUdd^ idXJ htd^t;
(an assertion contrary to appearance),
idajU^ mugh&latat. \_^Jd,
Paradoxical, jA«lt ^ Juxj ha^d ^an al
Paradoxically, ?^^V ^^ tbttdd^ ^
&1 JcjUl c y) min naw^ al ibtidd^.
Paragon (model, pattern), isz\3 kd^idat;
(supremely excellent), i^^ji kadwat,
,2aj ^\^ mdlaho nosir, ^ ci^ ^ ^ '^»{
Paragraph, b. J^ioi /m/. See Section.
Paragrapbieally^ J j igt i •; il ^c-)^-^ ^<(^'
atta/slL [wdzl.
Parallel, i^^y^ mutawoMi, iJj^y ntu-
Parallel or parallel line, «. i/)^^ »«
khatt tnutatDd%h A parallel figure,
i^j^y^ J^ *hakl mutawdtl. A pa-
rallel (comparison), ^UJuJ ^AMA,
J«l4j ^am«i/, ^/mLJ i^d«, ^Ub^ tnu-
mdsalat \ (conformity), iAj\y muwd-
fakaty <Uj11x« mutdhakat.
Parallel, f^. (place in parallel lines), v^^ii^
Juj\«i^ ]oyiass:r saf hi khutut mutawd"
ziyat\ (to be equal to), ^<j\J wd%a\
See Eesemble, Correspond. — (to com-
pare), <U^J (J«4X ^ama/ toA^lA, J^«x
JUjUU ^ama/ mukdhalaty i>j^y J^^*^
^(im(7/ muwdtanat, \_wd%l.
Parallelism, i\j\y muwd&dh, uSj^y ta-
Paralogism, paralogy,*, (false argument),
vjlfo^^^ (JJj ddM ghayr hurhdnl.
Paralysis. See Palsy.
Paralytic. See Palsied.
Paramount, iJ^^ ^\^\ jt^^ akhoTf Joel
GMm, ffj\ akratn. See Supreme,
Eminent. [Mistress.
Paramour, a. ^jJiaVe. ^dshik. See Lover,
Parapet, s. (wall breast bigli), ijC^
tattdra, A parapet of lattice va,
Parapbemalia (goods in tbe dispoBLJ
a wife), ;lfsj- jahd%yj^ noAr, ji<
taddk.
Pan^brase, «. i^ W* -.y-^ jAot A ■«
^^mmA? ^o/^r. See Commenbij,:
terpretation. — To paraphrase, •-
tharahy ^j**«i.7 J.4X ^am^/ ia/nr .
Parapbrast, ^.^^ <AtfrrdA SeeC:
mentator. [•«
Parapbrastical, f^j^^ ^r/**i ^^'
Parapluye, iIj^m.^.^ ahamaiyat. See It
brella, [./«r»tfi
Parasang, «. (a Persian league), ff
Parasite, «. (feast-hunter, flatterer]. J^
aafldk, ^JJ^ tu/ayll. See Adu'jir
■ft
Parasol, a. !L^,aJ^ ahamaiyai. Seel?
brella.
Parcel, a, (small bundle), ^ K
(a part), ^La>- Masah, ijiaj U^
(a number), J Jx ^ai<ii. See Qu^
Mass. — To parcel (divide), j^fAS>''
^jC0a>- kaaaam huaaa Jmaaa,
Parch, V. a, j^ Auroi^, i^^ ^^
\o^ ahaUoat, See Search.
Parchment, ^^ roibfc.
Pardon, yLz ^a/fl, ^^ajL« maghfer^^,"
yhujrdn. A pardon (warrBxit c: -
giveness), ij»\jyLc ^fa nSm- -
ask pardon,yfijc^\ iafayhfar, T;>
pardon, or make an apologj ^' :'
offences, ^U^ i..jL»^«.id&7 ^^<^ "
tatar can ^oibirtn ta&if0 minhu^
Pardon, v. i^jkL ghafar laku, j!^/^'*
far ila\ ^ ^ aafnh ^a^ ^'^^
give.— Pardon thy brother if he is ^^''T'*^^
even in insulting thee, (as it naj ^ ^
FAB
(853)
PAB
hits ihee by mistake, \j\ cJU.^ f*L
irdonable, ^^ix^ yughfar, ^akSI ^-r^!^
wajib dl ^afa, ^y^\ L^'^yyJM^ mu-
itauyib al ghufran. [ma^tUr,
irdoned, i^j^M maghfiir laho, j^^>f^
irdoner, «. jUi ghaffcLff j^ ghaf&r.
irdoning, a^.jsKs. gh&fir.
ire, r. ^Ji karad. To pare off the
skin or rind, 'J^ salakh, yU kaahar.
red, ^^/^ fnakrHd,
irent, «. c^]^ kardyh, jJlj wdlid.
Parents, ^jjlj t0a/u2«yn. See Father,
Hother.
rentage (extraction), J^^ atl, ^JmJ
tasl, c-.^M«J natdb. See Desoent, Ge-
lealogy,
rental, i^-^mmJ noMhh
ritj, ^lbL« muihdhahat, J\jcxl t^-
lu^/, ^luJ tMhdhihf ZA>U/# ffiiimd-
uz^^. See Equality, Beeemblance.
rk, «. ^l:^ huitdn, lIJj^ pdrk.
rley, r. w« i^ljj iMdkar ma^, A
parley, ^IC« mukdlanuU, JLl^lir* mti-
:hcLtabal, See Conversation.
rody, «. Jl^ mdio/, ^UJU toMf A,
kJLi; ^aiUfi, \^\ iJUidd.
role, X4K kdipkU, See Woird.^pro-
aise), «Xcj tro^J.
roqnet, 2[;:^ ^ durrah ioghirah,
roxysm, «. c^j ipoifc^, jj J iKmrr ; (of
, fever, etc.), ^^J^^j^*^ dawralkmn'
%4»\ See Fit.
rricide (murder of a parent), jJlj)l |J:j
«;»^/ cl iodlid. A parricide, 2r jJl^ Jjli
^til todUdaho.
rrot, f. ifj^a durrah.
, r . (the thrust or blow of a sword)i
fa^ ^an naftihi didd darhdt anayf.
Parsimonious, ,^^ja^^hdkh\l, SeeFrugaL
Parsimoniously (covetously), J.:»ar ^c yj
' hinaw^ hakhll.
Parsimoniousness, parsimony (frugality),
3^ haihul, cJL^f im$dk. And
practiae the endanng roirit of the resolute,
and the forbearance of the discreet and pro-
Yident; aToid the weakness of hasty impa^
tience^ and let an easy temper be thy habit of
mind ; retain thy dirhems with prudent fru-
gality, and season liberality^ with parsimonv,
neither fastening thy hand tightljrto thy neck,
nor yet opening it out to its widest extent.
Parsley, ^^^tXAJ hakdnnis.
Parsnip or carrot, ^.j^ jatar.
Part, «. (piece, portion), hiai kat^i.
See Share, Portion, Lot. — (share, lot,
portion), ^d». hii$ah, JUmJ kismat;
(business, duty), ^}a^ ^amal,^\ amr^
loT^^ tnaslahat. See Action, Conduct.
— (side, party), uJ^ taraf, i^^l^-
jdnib. The best part of anything,
LUs;^ khuldiot. The third part (of
anything), vjJJ ndt. The fourth
part, ^j ruh^ The fifth part, ^^MUkt^
khusHi, From every part, J.^^^
k.^l>- mtn kol Jdnib. The forepart,
j*\^ 9adr. See Fore, Front, First. —
The latter part, jj>A dkhir. See
Latter, Hinder. — In whole and in
part, i^j^-^ lJ^ ^^ min koUi wajm'i.
Parts (Acuities, abiUties), cJljOt tdrdk,
Ji£ ^akl, l^\ji fardsat ; (quarters,
r^ons), imJ\j9\ atrdf, ^Jlil akdllm.
PAB
(864)
PAB
Ci^Ui^ mamdlii. See Coantry, Dis-
trict.— ^In every part, i--^l>- J^t<*
ft koljdnib.
Part, V. (divide, share), mm3 kaaam ; (to
separate, disunite), ^Ssi kata^, ^
farak, i^^ final. To part (be sepa-
rated), J«diil infiual; (to take fare-
well), c J^ iffodda^. Partible (divisible),
jI^II ^jLt>^ mumkinaltftirdkf AM.flr.j
ffutakatiam.
Partake, v. (to have share in anything),
A^ j^l akhad hissahy LL^ll ihoHk.
See Participate.
Partaker, «. ^..o^dd /a^ AmmA, dcLt
it^»« oiKAtiff hdtsahy CS^jia tharik,
cl^LuL« mfM^driiJ^. See Partner.
Partaking, uSijJ^ shaikh. See Par-
ticipant.
Parted, ^.*.:.A^ muktoiamf (J^ji^ fna-
fimk, ^y muwasua^. See Divided,
Separated.
Parterre, b. i^^j rawdat, ifOjj stfri^a^.
Partial (inclined to favour one side),
^jk^muffhrid; (not universal), ^joli>-
khds, ^^y^ji^ ghaifr ^nmftml.
Partiality, i^ji' gkaradiyat
Partially, l^jS> J^ hikol gharadiyat,
Participable (capable of being shared ^r
participated), iij\J^\ ^C«b^ mumkin
al mushdrakat, ^luUj\ JjU kdhU al
muihdrakat.
Participate, v, <Ua>- J^i €Mm husat,
CSij^J^ *dr tharik, i]r^luu^J««x
^mal muskdrakat. See Share.
Participation, cJ};::^)^ Mi^^tirSib. To give
a participation,
it
hissah, fja>a^ hosMU.
Participle active, s. JfiUSl f^\ wn al
^--\ a^ta'
/a^, A participle passive^ JyiLil'A^^
wff> al mqf^.
Particle, «. ijJ tarrai or dtrnt, i
particle (part of speech), i^j> isfj
(pL uJ^y>- hurof). A conjuKt^f
particle, i^JlaJiSl <— i^ A«/ oJ jf'
^jMMirJl uJ^ Aof/o^to/Hr. Aptrtis
of action, JxUIl J^ j\ addt alfiS i
vocative particle, tjoll (— i^ ^^
Particular (not general), ^yos^ ■«•
mfiml; (single, individual), JJ>
mu/rad; (odd, whimsiGal), u^
^0;t5 ; (uncommon), jlix^^ fU*
Singular, Strange.
Particular, «. (anything belonging toe
individual), ^^yoii^ khuiAA, ^f>\
khusHitffat; (an individual), ^^
skakhs, Jji ford. See PenoiL-''
single point, thing, or instsDoe]. .•'
fixrd; (a minute detail), J^^saJ Ur
Particularity (something peculiar) ij>
khduat, L^y< khmUi^ai; [^^
viduaUty), ij\jji farddn^^.
Particularize, particulate (mention^]
tinctly), J^.ai'Jb -.^ BkarahhUi^'
Particularly (distinctly), lj.afi7 (<!/H#i
fiusakm ; (peculiarly), litfj.a>- i^i***
«an, d^\£>^ khdsatan; {extremdj],^^^
hi ghdyat, lAi. gkdgai, Sj\>i\ iMj^'
gat alghdyat.
Partisan, «. ^^ harlMU. See Halberi
Javelin, Pike. — (an adha«it)» Jr*;
^^/^^ ; (a commander of a party), ^.
^Uac r«yyM ^iM&a#.
Partition (division), <U,>m^ Mmw^i «r^
PAS
(855)
FAS
takAm, ^Jyi iawa^ See Distribu-
tion.—The partition of an inheritance.
i^\j^\ A\MCj\'iJUis&malmlrd$. The
fee to a judge for determining a parti-
tion of inheritance, 44mJ}\ m^j ratm
al kismat; (separation), j]^ ftrdk,
J\j:j\ ifiirdk, JLii/l infUal A par-
tition (wall, etc.), Jj\i fdrik, 4^1^
hij'dh
artition, v. (diridebj a wall, etc.), amJ
huam, wlaS kata^. Sec Divide.
'artl7(in8omemea8are), LijSj takrihan.
artner, s, C^jJii tharikf CSJ^tt^ mtf-
%har%k,
artnership, ii\jL shardkat, KjJ^ »kir'
kctt, vJ|/^\ Uhtirdk, S^j\L^ mmhd-
rathat. To be in partnership, jL^
i^jijj^ adr iharik.
artridge, s. J^ hajal,
»rty, Ji//tfrfij(dual, ^^y/drtilfi).
A party or select assembly, (^/J^
^\s>^ fnaflu Jshd9\ (side), ^^Jo taraf,
k^^\s^jdnib. [mulaiffwan.
irty-colonred, ^jlc^ mutdlawmn, ^^^
irty-man, s, <— ^ l^-^%>-Li0 sdhibtaraf,
irty-wall, «. ^li L»»- hayt kdti^
lachal, 15*^ /fl«Al.
sa« 17. (go forward, by, or throngh)»
^.^..^J^ J %ah(dt ; (to cross over or through
i river, etc.), ^ ^abar,j^ mar, Ji)
tqfad; (to be at an end), ^jp>:^j\^
\dr muntahU To depart this life,
JUS\ \xb ^ J^^ tr^M min JuM
U ^lam. See Die. — To pass a law,
til^> kakam, f^^ <Aara^. To pass
lentenoe, Jl>- lJoaI ^t^' Mbi, f;^
t^»ra&. To pass, pass by, pass orer
^omit), fjjp iarai, ^^^ hmS. See
Neglect — ^To pass (allow, admit, op-
prove)> ^jM^ taJuutan, JJ IcsbeL To
pass upon, ^^L^- (J"*^ ^nuU hlM.
To pass for (personate another), J>tx
aSU^ ^ama/ Ad&rAo. I got up imme-
diately, and followed her until she had left the
palace, and passed through the streets of the
city, andarrivedatthecity gates, ur-'v^Ai
Pass, «. (narrow road or passage), aii^
manfad; (of a mountain), ^->^5^
^arkuh.
Passable (possible to be passed), ^2;Ci^
jyffi] mutnkin ai ^Hr ; (supportable),
jlscu yatahammd. See Tolerable,
Allowable, Popular.
Passage (road, etc.), ^^)o tarlk. See
Way, Ferry. — (journey), jL» sa/ar.
A passage in a book, JU/s mukdl,
Passed over (neglected), ,<A»*i*« mtiMa' ;
(forgiven), ^jyJu* magh/ur hho.
Passenger, «.yLu« musdjir, (JiJ^^j^^
^dhir attofik, J>-|; rdhU, J--**J1^U
^a^tV atsabJL See TraTeUer*— -I then arose,
and found not in the place a human being nor
~ ill
a Jinnee. The yessel had gone with the pas
sengers, and not one of them remembered me,
neiuer any of the merchants nor any of the
sailors; so they left me on the island, ^
Passing, part^jXc' ^hir.
Passion (opposed to action), JUaj^ in*
fi^h ^/^^ 4/^ Aot^a' anMf$* See
Qrief, Soixow, Anger, Bage, Love,
PAS
(856)
PAT
LuBti Desire, Hatred, Malicei etc. —
Witboat passion {or anger), i^^dr h
hdd ghadah. The passions of the mind,
XjLyiJ ^\j^^ aghrddnafidniyat. The
passions of lore, ^jJ^jiS t^yt hawd ai
lishk. And on his hearing these her words,
his reason was captiTated by his passion for
her ; his love for her increased, and he conld
not withhold himself from her, UJi
Passionate (prone to anger), l^^^aJ.
ghaduh, ^U^^ l<*^ ^^^ ^ mizdj.
Passionately (angrilj), <U4^ Jxj Msol
hammiyat; (with strong desire), J^
L^j hikol rughhat,
Passover, ^^\ Jufi ^d al fash, Oux
j^\ ^d al kahir.
Passive (unresisting), J^i^^U mutaham-
m%l, Jjbluu/* muadhil. See Patient. —
A passive verb, Jy^ ma/'^il/, J^f«=^
Passively, ^^-m^^ J-^os? Ji^ 5iA»/ toAam-
mu/ wa$abr. See Patiently.
Pasefiveness, Jaios^ tahammul, j»^ 8abr.
See Patience, Submission.
Passport, s. ci^Lyj patdport
Past (not present, gone), ,<«^U mdcft,
uJlLi «d/i/, Ajis^ mtUakaddm, J^^Lj
Past, a. J^^UmII assdhik, ,c«^U]l almddl.
Things that are past, cjill^ sawdUf,
(ji^^ iawdhik. Those who are past
(predecessors), ^^^A&ull almutakad-
dimln.
Past (beyond, above), jfy /fficrib. Past
hope, Jj^Ull j^ /au^it al mdmul.
Past ability (of doing anything), i^JJL
Md hudrat, 2^ lb hUa huwoL Pa^
all danger, ^^ lb Ms ibUlsr. The
participle pasty J|ytLaS^ m^ urn &'
Paste, ijii^^^ hhamlrat. See Leaves.-
(flour and water for pasting), ^
^tfin. To make paste, ^^^ ^fA
To paste or fasten with paste, J.s
toai^. See Glue.
Pastime, '^J^ tafofrvj. See Amnx-
ment, Diversion, Play. [Giaae.
Pastor, *. ^'j ra^i. See Shepherd,
Pastoral, 2fU^ ^^^m\m man^^h lilnJk
See Bural, Eustic.
Pastry, ^2JiJB^' djLLc^ iyt»il/«^a< i^fito.
CdLi^mw* ma3«^S^ ; (confectioo8y\
LL^LLsr^ OTiiA/^d^. A pastry cook («r
confectioner), (J^j^ haiwdnl.
Pasturable (proper for pasture), ^^
Pasture, pasturage (grounds), ^^^
Pasture, pasturing, i^j^ nuaria^
Pasture, v. (feed as cattle), ^_ ^^ <■ c<[«^;
(to feed cattle on pasture ground •
^j ra^\ [Fit, Opportnae.
Pat (exact, suitable), ^S foyti. See
Pat, <^. (strike gently), ^j^ dmrai, yjt^
tabhash.
Patch, i. (on a garment, eto.)y ^j f^'
^ah. To patch (a garment), WjfwUfc^
Pate, ^j rd». See Head. [eSUt-
Patent (open, public), ^l^ ^y*i9j>^
Patent, <. u^;i ^rmdit, i^*\jS hvwti,
jyi*:^ mamhAr (pi. -f<&U^ mmndA\f^
The royal signet on letters pi^ffit.
Patentee, <• ^Ji U^ /orm^iift, ^J^jt^ *••
PAT
(857)
PAV
Paternal, i^^\ ahawi. Paternal auoees-.
sion, i^\;i^ mlrdi. See Heritage.
?ath, i. (Jijff tarik. A path which has
no thoronghfare, Jlax^ alU mdlaho
manfad. See Bead, Street, Tract.
Pathetic, ^Jj lah^h, „g^ muhayyij,
.Pathetically, i^f« #f ^^ hinaw^ tnuhay-
yij. To teach pathetically, ^^^o^o;.
^atheticabiess, (^/auJI .^f^-^ff^ tahylj on-
naft. See Pathetic,
^athway, #. (Jijb tarlk. See Path.
*&tience, j^ sahr, fJ^^^ssTiahiMnmul. To
have patience, j^ iahar. See Patient.
— ^My patience haa failed, and my diaqnietode
ia exoesdre; immense is my wailing since
your absence, and I became infirm and in-
valid I I take God to witness, tbat your
separation made me lose my patience ! And
how coold I hare patience to endnre the loss
of the object of my hope P After the loss of
my beloTed, how could I delight in sleep P
And who is he that can find pleasure and de-
light in a life of abasement ? JJ jaI
atient,^ l.^ idhir, j^ tabur ; (in gram-
mar), Jyu^ maf^iU. To be patient,
fjAo^ tahammal,j^ sabar.
atient, 9. (person indisposed), ^^j^
nuxrid, JJlc ^aill.
atiently,^^ Jij hitol sahr,jf^ htiohr,
atly, Uj) Idyian, St .M v ^ JJ[j hlkol
fnwtdsabat, ^LJ J^ hikol laydtat
See Fitly, Opportunely,
^triarch, Cj^Jia) hoMark (pL S^jWaj
batdrakai).
fttriarohate, i^J^ hahrahiyai.
itrimoiual,<^^jl^»Miwra«, JX« mifttf •
Patrimonial possessions, i^^jy Jtt
mdlmauniU*
Patriot, 9. ^Jo^\ \^^f^ muhih al waUm.
Patriotism, ^^1 l,^'^- h»hh al watan.
Patrol, 9. (night watch), JJJl {j*ij^
hdri9 al layl, ^^^mmc ^mm.
Patron, «. ^^j\^ hdri9. See Protector.
Patronage, ^Uk>^ hmdyat, ij L^ 9aydinaU
See Protection, Guardianship. — To
Pat«.m«.. ^^^ hamcf.
Patroness, A.d;U. kdruaL
Pattern, 9. jJa^m^ nuutarat. [Scarcity.
Paucity, ^ kiHat, /^d^ ^adam. See
Pave, LL hdllat. And the party entered
a passage, payed with marble, upon the sides
of which were curtains, whereon were figured
Tarious wild beasts and birds of gold and
silver, and their eyes were of pearls and ja«
cinths ; whosooTer beheld them was perplexed,
jyc Ifel* jJ]^ jJjbol! ti<l J u-Jlyr
Pavement, 9. L)b haUiU
Paver, pavier, DL* mubaUiL
Pavilion, A4>.*jv khaymat (pi. ^»*£^ tiii-
yam\ A^ Jthiydm. See Tent.
Pauper, «. ^.g^CyM.^ mMitin,^^.^^ /alfr.
See Poor man. Beggar.
Pause (stop), LJ3y tawaktuf. See In-
terval, Intermission, Delay. — (sus-
pense), i^J^ 9hubhat, (JX& 9hakj Mji
iaraddud. See Hesitation, Doubt. —
To pause (make a stop), c^ J tawai'
kaf, uju^ wekef; (to hesitate), JJy
taToddudm
Pawn, 9. ^j^j rahn. See Pledge. — ^A
pawn at chess, j «XJ haydak. — ^To pawn
or give in pawn, ^jibj rahan. "
FEA.
(858)
PED
Todeem a pawn^ ^jibj\ {^S^fal amrahn.
For if they would pawn me, and my know-
ledge with me, and all my hoolu and mk-caae
too, for one day's food» the pledge will he
dedined, and this will giye hirth to the moet
oontemptihle aoconnU against my credit and
decorum, J^, ^ ^j^^ dy^J ^
Pawned, ^jfj^murtahan, ^^^J^marhun,
A pawner, ^\j rdMn.
Pay, V. jJ J dafa^, M^ wafd. To pay
wages, ii^\ «JJ dafa^ al ^lufai^
Taj, ii^ ^fdufat. See Wagee, Pension,
Stipend, Hire.— Monthly pay, i-J^U
mdhiyat.
Payable, \Si\ i-^^^^ «^a;* alida, jLt^
\i^\ mumhm dl wafil.
Pay-day, ^jJ\ z*^ yaum addaf^
Payer, %. (of debts, etc.),^^ji^ jJl J d&fi^
addayn.
Payment, 1 j\ ida, \i^ wafa.
Pea, peas, b. ^joa^^ hummm.
Peace, ^ sidh. See Quiet, Content,
Amity, Silence. — A treaty of peace,
J^\ JAc ^kd dl itdh, i^Lx* mtud-
Idhatf IjJbU^ mu^ahadat. The peace
of GK)d, i^\ fX^ saldm dlah. Peace be
with him, fXJi\ ^uLc ^alayhi assaldm.
To make peace, }^ ^y,^£^ ^amal mlh. To
renew peace, J^\ JJa^jaddadalsulh.
To sue for peace, J^\ w^ talahiUBulh,
To infringe the peace, ^*^l j^U* ihdn
asstdh. To observe the articles of peace,
J^\ iajU-2» ^Ji rfi^fl' shardyit asiulh.
J^\^^jJ^ ^J\^ idn shurUt a»8ulh. And
he said, Praise he to God, who has favoured
me with the things that I desired I First the
end of the war; second the conclusion of
peace, and the pre?ailing of rest and peace-
folness, ^ ^ ^^\ ^\*u^\iJ^)
Peace-mak^, «. JLa« mvtaUk m
Mediator.
Peach, s. ti]ji^ durrdhih.
Peacock, «. ^j*^ iawu»^ or {ju^^ ^
w^ (pi. {j^^^^o tawdu^y A gnc
peacock, y.as;^l ^j*^^ idum aWir.
Peak, «. (top of a hiU), J^\ u^\j^
oj^abaL See Summit, Point
Peal, «. (of thunder), *^j ra^d\ *
bells), JJia'^ tantanat.
Pear, ». ^jolacT' fi^d$y ^\afr JWj^Swi
Pearl, ». jS^ te/u. A large or royal pesi
--Ul ijt) ift«rra< aWfi;. Beneath »k
hiid was a net of brilliant peaii% J*-
OTer a 'fountain; and by the brink ««^
fountain was placed a condi adoned t:^
pearls and jewels and jacinths, c^<
Peasant, «. ^li >teA, ^Jj wn^ *
Countryman.
Pebble, «. Ls^ &wa.
Peck, V. (as a bird), /> nofar. [i*
Pectoral (belonging to the breast), ijj^
Peculiar (appropriate, not comxnca '•
aU), jo\o^ hhdi, ^y^^ •w*^
Peculiarly, i^\6^ hkdmyaU Vr*^
hhmilnyat, £^U- hh&9sat*
Peculiarity, 'U^.fl:i* *^fi*<», \^f>
khususiyan, Xi^l>* kkdsMUm.
Pecuniary (relating to money), i/^
nakdl. [See SchoolB»58f
Pedagogue, Jij\ aU^ mn^iiflus «m>'
Pedal, Ji>jl\ ijiflic yni^^ «rry*t
PEN
(859)
PEN
Pedant, 9. tS^sf^ nakuot, uie -a ImXr
ghaUhak. \rijl al ^wiMd.
Pedestal, «. (base of a piIlar)yJ^USl(^j
Pedicle, jL adL See Stalk.
Pedigree, k^^uj) nasab (pL c^lujf on-
idh), J^\ (pi. J^l umJ), Jw luw/
(pi. JLjI antdQ.
Peel, v.^^Aui koihar.
Peel (rind), ^ m/ojU,^ ibi«^.
Peep, V. ^ lamah, Jaj naitar, Ixs) laha/g.
See Look, Glance, Inspect
Peep, «. (sly look), ^ hmh, Isi^ km*
hat, ^^^^ lamahdn, SJoj tuarat See
Glance. [Companion, Nobleman.
Peer, s, (eqoal), ^j\a^ muk&rin. See
Peerless (unequalled), ^Joi ^U tndlaho
nazlr, J^-*!^ Jl!L« mdlaho moBll^j^
Peevish, ^U^t tX>- hadd almhdj^(m^yai
Peg, «. Jjj watad (pL jlJ^I (itr^di),^Uhu^
fTiiMmdr (pl.^^Luw« ffuwamlr).
Pelf, JU mdJ. See Wealth, Eiches.
Pelican, «. ^j rahkm^ ul/^ (^^ *^^
Ju^dn. [Clear, Transparent.
Pellacid, uJll& Bhafftif. See Bright,
Pellucidness, ^iLl shafdfat. See Bright-
ness.
Pen, 8. Ji ^<i/!»m.
Penal, i^'|;5r>«ki'f, ^^^ ^iidhl. Pe-
nal laws, J^ Jk>- kudud, X^c^mJI «3^ Jls)I
a/ A«i&<^ ashthar^yat, CjJll\ J^A»-
hudud ashihar^
Penalty, *. i*J^ jarimat, i^]^ ghard"
mat. See Fine, Mulct, Punishment.
Penance (chastisement), c^lj^ ^mdb^
c^Ua ^«£di, ^jA£ ^Mtaio^.
Pencil, f. ^l^ J^ iafam ra%di^
Pendency, ^J-Am to^2i£; (suspense or
delay of legal decision), S^^ jt'^^
tdkhlr at hukm.
Pendent, pendulous, ^J^ms^ muta^aUik.
Pending (not yet decided), ij ^if^s^j^
ghagr mahkam hthi.
Penetrable, 3yt:l\^jLt^ mumkin al nufa%f
jJi\si\ Jjl3 kdba attdflr. [/tts.
Penetrability, J^\ ^^^ imkdn dl nu*
Penetrant,penetrating,penetrative (pierc-
ing, entering into), jiU ttdfis.
Penetrate (pierce), jJu nafn, ^J^ii
dakM. See Bore^ Enter. — (to reach
the meaning, inspect narrowly), ^^yf^\
am^f ilfjdS adraky ^^ fehem. See
Comprehend, Conceirei Understand. Then I
penetrated into the densest of the crowd, to
Know what was bringing forth their tears!
Penetrating (inspecting), ^jx^ muiiali^.
Penetrating, penetratiye (acute), ^/^
M^\ sari^ alfahm. See Discerning.
Penetration (into anything), Jyu nii/us,
j^\jtd»lr(jA.(JD\jJj\j tdHrdt); (acute-
ness), Li\j3jirdsiUf Jac ^kl, M^fahrn^
C^\jS\ idrdk.
Peninsula, b, ijijs^ jmlrat. The penin-
sula of Arabia, c-jyJI ijijp^jaurat al
^ab.
Penitence, X«\jJ naddmat, htj» tawbat,
(wola'lj taoBBaf. See Eepentance.
Penitent, penitential, /%jU nddim, ^Ujj
nadmdn. To be penitent, i* JJ nedem.
Penitent, b. uXj'Ii^ muiaoBBif, a jU nd-
dm. [ianadduman.
Penitently, iuljcj bi naddmat, UxJ
Penknife, «. ^\j:^ kalamtrdBh,
Penman, <. (fine writer), ^U i^l^
PEP
(860)
PER
muaan-
iata mahir ; (author),
m/. See Writer.
Penny-royal (herb), j2^«-» ia^tar.
Pension, «. ii^ ^ufat, |^^ ma^sh.
Pension, v. i^ ^ J* ^amal laho ^n/at
Pensioner, pensionary, s. iiju <d laho
^Ufat, ^ Jx L.;^^»-U sahib ^nfaL
Pendve, jJi'l::^ m%Uaammil,^JC^ muta-
fakhir. See Thoughtful, Melancholy,
Mournful.
Pensively,^^ hifikr. See Mournfully.
Pensiveness,^/^, J^*Ij taammul.
Pent, pent up, JumJ^ mumad^ «3^jyuuw«
masdud, j;i«^^ munghalik. See Shut.
Pentagon, «. ^^^**Aif* mukhammas.
Pentagonal, pentangular (having five
sides and angles), \j»tA<^'^ mukhammas.
Pentateuch, «. hjy tawriyat^ iJ^yJl al
tawrdh.
Pentecost, ^^j*»u*4^\ Juc ^Id al kharnHnf
J^juaSl Ju£ ^d asm^.
Penurious, jJseT hakhil See Niggardly.
Penuriously, JsTj^^ J^ hikolshtMin
wa hukhl,
Penuriousness, Ja^ hukhl.
Penury, ^U^iiy-^ lA^q;, ilS kiUat. See
Poverty, "Want, Indigence.
People, jU^ ifeA«?* (pi. cfell^ khatdifik),
A^y kaum (pi. j»|^\ a^a»»), Awlt Wy-
/a^ (pi. <— w^^ iawaf/if), e--^*-2* »Aa^i
(pi. c,,.y^ thu^Hh). People of various
nations, iilii^ *— ^\j^ tavoayif mukh-
talifat. The common people, j%^^
^jmUSI ^ttu^am anndt«, <u\x ^amma^.
See Commonalty, Populace.
Peopled, j^.«jt/« ma^Hr. \,falfal.
Pepper, Jili fulfid. To pepper, Jili
Peppermint, waju na^^. See Mint.
Peradventure, JJ to^«/- See Peihips;
aUo Doubt, Question. [^^ ^ol no.
Perambulate, i;. (walk through), ci;lj
Perambulation, j^ ^uHir,^^--* »^fr.
Perceive, v. CSj*^\ adrak, ^fohem. See
Understand, See, Hear, Eiiow, Obeefn
Perceived, a^ju^ ma^umy |%jf&^ majkim.
PerceptibiUty, s:J\j*SI\ IIjM k&mfd
a idrak, [kdha al fdnL
Perceptible, perceivable, cJ\;j3^ J^'-'
Perceptibly, perceivably, \yfcU? sakkm.
Perception, ^'L^ihsds, k1J\j^\ idril
^ fahm, cLcujI uiimd^j^ hm,
Jjt ^Um, See Knowledge; Kotaa,
Idea.
Perchance/UUJl t^(/aJbm. SeePeritaps.
Percussion, ^tW Mdtnah,
Perdition, cJb) Aotoi^. See Bom, PestL
—Perdition catch thee ! cli3 Ljl
ta^n lah
Peregrination,^^ »tf/iir, ^^L^ »yiM
hjk ghurhat. See Travel. — ^Depct
from a land i|i which thou art oppressed, at
do not feel miserable on account of ti^T ^^
ration from thy kindred. Whoever is Ki^ »
small estimation in the eyes of his Cunih tai
people, for him peregrinatioii is bettra' tkK^
remain in degradation, ilCng-.y J> *
Peremptorily, «J?l5 ^y hiwt^hm £aAn
Utli ilS^t^an. See Positiyely.
Peremptory, ^U iS^t^, ^\j 116&
_9Ll «Ad/l. See Dogmatical, Positre.
Perennial, J\o d&yim. See Peipetsil
Perennity, fS^Jdawam. SeePeipetsity
Perfect, aUJ ^tfmom, aU ^dai, J«^'
PEB
(861)
PER
^iN«::^ mutamnuim. To make perfect,
^l^ aLibC ^amaUho idmtl, aUJ A^^c
^nuUaho tamdm.
Perfectioii, perfectaess, i*L«Jff itmdm,
JU^ kamdL So the King said within
hinuelf, May God be praiied, the Creator of
this danuel ! How elegant is she, sare that
she does not speak ! Bat perfection belongeth
only unto God (whose name be exalted!)
Perfectly, JUJj hihamdl. See Exactly,
Completely.
Perfidious, ^\>^ JcMyxn. A perfidious
villain, yj^y>- khawwdn. See Villain,
Traitor.
Perfidiously, ^U^ ^J^ hikd khiy&naL
To act perfidiously, j^lsw i^».
Perfidiousness, perfidy, i»\^ khiffdnat,
^«Xx ^A<»^. See Praud, Deceit,
Treachery.— Thou hast prolonged a oonversa-
tion that will not procure thy liberation.
Hope not, therefore, for escane through m;
means; but (remember) reflect upon th;
Hope not, therefore, for escane through my
fleet upon thy
former wicked conduct, and the perfidy and
artifice which thou thoughtest to employ
against me, gj^[si^\ ^ tJL^jlS\ Jkll
Perforate, v. ^^») $akab. See Bore,
Pierce. — And I walked in that xalley, and be-
held its ^ound to be composed of diamonds,
-with which they perforate minerals and je web,
and with which also they perforate porcelain
and the onyx ; and it is a stone so hard, that
neither iron nor rock hare any effect upon it,
^j\ ^\ji ^0\^\ C^j 4 w;^.«A^j
>-l|J,
Perforated, L^ml\\^ mutuakib,
mankuh.
Perforation, L^^ s(M»
Perforator, s. (boring instrument), i
maskah. See Auger.
Perforce, 1^ iahran, \j^jabran. See
Force, Violently. — To seize perforce,
j«jJli / ^"-t meiek hil %awr.
Perform, v. ma2 tammam. And after he
had been seated awhile, the Kine said to him,
Blessed be thr arrival ! Thou hast made us
desolate by thy absence, 0 beloved of the
heart "Wnat is thy business, that we may
perform it for thee immediately ? Uli
Performance, J^*£ ^mtii^ J^./^^^>]/r^
i^d. See Action. — (literary composi*
tion), ^j.\*ai toinlf, luJ \ imhd. Per-
formance of a promise, \su\ ifd.
Performed, J^a^ fnaf^nl, ^y^^^y nuu»
Performer, t. J^U ^dmU, Jxli/d^t7,
^Ltf 9dm^
Performing, /Hiff. ^jsAifd^H,
Perfume, j«-fliC hakhkhUr, ^U^b^LaTii
rdyhat tayhah.
Perfume, V'jSi^ hakhkhar.
Perfumed, ^;Li^ mu^aUar,j^X^ mubakh'
ihar. To be perfumed, Joju ta^ttar.
Perfumer, i.jSac ^attdr. The trade of
a perfumer, ij^iac ^atdrat
Perhaps, \i\ij\ UUfdkan^ Jjk! la^Ua^
^j>m£ ^a9a\ And she said. It seems
tfiat when I was sitting at the shop of the
merchant, this paper caught to me ; give it
me, therefore, tnat I may return it to him,
perhaps there is in it some account which he
wants, ^l^J ^ ciJjjull Jl^ «juJUi
FEB
(862)
PEB
^u/i^J^ W^'
Pericardinm, s. (the envelope of the
heart), l,,^\511 c^l^ hijah al halb.
Pericranium, «. (membrane which covers
the skoll), fj^^*^ tamhaJt,
Peril, ^^Lfk- kJiatar, iJh\Js,'^ mukhdtarat.
See Danger, Hazard.
Perilous, Jass^ mtdhtir, uJj.sr^ mu-
khawwif. See Dangerous.
Perilously, ^^aasT hi khatar.
Period, s. (round of time, circle of years,
days, etc.), j^J dawr (pl.j^jjl adwar);
(time), t:^j wakt, ^Uj mimdn, J^
^ahd; (a fall sentence), ^^lA^jumlat;
(conclusion), Aaj tamdtn, L\^ nahd-
yat. See End. [wa ahwdr.
Periods or cyclesof years, j^^ljjljjWwar
Periodical, (^j^^ J e^irt^arf. See Circular.
Periodically, ^y nawlatan, etc.
Periosteum, «. (membrane that covers
the bones), ^y^ dari^, [ference.
Periphery, J^lj dayraL See Circum-
Periphrasis (circumlocution), aK!1 jfjlit
ifddat al hddm,
Pezipneumony (inflammation of the
lungs), hJS cl;1 J %dt arriyah.
Perish, v. il^ljb heleh. See Die, Eot,
Decay. — ^And there died us of every day two,
till a great multitude of us had perished. So
when I saw that destruction had entered our
dwellings, and had alighted among us, and
drowned us in the sea of death . . . jLoi
^r^ LT^ J^"^ C^ J-^ l^ <^r4
Perishable, JjIj %dy%l, JljjjJl JjU UHl
osssutwdL See Erail. [ai kkL
Perishableness, Ui/and, liJI aJ^ ^im
Peritoneum (a membrane which eDd<sa
the bowels), JflLJI a99ifsk.
Peijury, jjj ssilr, t-^jl^ <i>^^J^>- **^
hdub. [kikok.
Perjure one's-self, r. j3p V <— ^ ^
Peijured, i^i^J^s^ stfiAmnM.
Permanence, permanency, i*Li jbjrdfl,li:
lakd^ CjLj «a5a^. (^See P^petssL
Permanent, Liu^lJ^a^V, jASM^^fMBAsasf.
Permanently, tftj\j ddynum.
Permeable (possible to be passed thioQgll
3Jci\ JjlS kdhil al nufiiz, [iJassL
Permissible, ^W-ll u^^^o^^t^ ti?djik <i
Permission, ij\^^ ijd%at, K.^s>-j miiafiS-
^jl «m. By the divine permisaflK.
^Uj Jills j^\» hi amr aUak Ukok'
JU; i]\\ ^jb hi m o^A <«^d&
Then we will bid her farewi^ and I rl
return with thee ; for I fear that if I Uxkt"
and went without her permission, she «»••
be incensed against me, and she wonld beii^
Permit, V. Jjla*-^ i^ae^ aj<«* ifSsat, ^
«s», ^^*^ tamah.
Pernicious, j»a^ mudir.
Perniciously, 5j0a^ ^jiJ hikal madantt.
Pemiciousness,^^ darary ijmA^ madm<
Peroration (conclusion of an on&t
l%K!\ JUjIsL khdUnua al hOdm.
Peipendicular line, «• iij°* , t }a^ l&r
Perpeadicolary iX4ju« mu^mnmad.
PER
(86S)
PEE
erpendicalarljy 1j^4£ ^omiliafi.
erpetrate, v. (a crime), u,.XT^1 irtiiab.
erpetratioiiy 4-^l^^\ irtikdb,
eipetual, j^\jd€iym, ^jcum^ miM^m^tmy
t^x«^ ftffffki^, (^«^^ oioi^. See
Eternal, Continual, Permanent, Peren-
nial.
erpetuallji Ujt J ddt/man, /^^j^\ ^J^
cala^ addawdm, Aii\ mAj dayim al
ayydm. See Always, Constantly, Con-
tinually, Incessantly.
erpetuate,r. mAj iLkc ^amaiaho dayim^
\,aZmx^ Ax^ ja^alaho mustamirran,
/»jj daiffwam. [timrdr.
erpetaation, perpetuating, j\jAS,J\ m-
erpetnity, a^^J dawdm, ^mJ datom^
j\jAS^\ istimrdr, Uj hakd, CjLj sahdt.
erplex, «• (distract the mind), yjkii
JUi ihag'hghdl d hdl, j^ hayyar,
iiiJ^ shawwash. See Pazzle, Plague,
Torment, Vex. — (to make intricate,
coafonnd), \As>- khdaU See Inyolve,
Confuse.
>rplexed (intricate), jLuL^ mushakkal,
t^^Mj^ mushawicathf Vil'^ mukhtalitf
'-•--^ mtf to^iMMr. Perplexed in mind,
j^l-jd- hayrdn. See Irresolute, Doubt-
ful.— To be perplexed, j^|^-.>-jLtf «5r
hayrdn, ^li^l t^^dr. Then the King
was perplexed at hu ritnation and in great
fear, on discoTering that the coming of thia
army waa on account of this young man,
^cA-^'
rplexedly, ij^^ JCj hikol hlrat. See
Lntricately.
rplexedness, perplexedly, LL^ Uo/^,
^Jujytli iashwUh, Perplexity or dis-
traction of mind, i^\Jx^\ idtirdh.
Persecute, v, jl^ki^l tttahdd. See Tor-
ment, Importune,
Persecuted, J^^k^ muttahad.
Persecution, Jd? stJm, ol^k.^! Utihdd.
Persecutor, «. «X^k^ muttahid.
PerseTerance, persistence, iJ^\y mu-
todzdbat, ^j\X9 muddwamat See
Assiduity. — Perseyerance in anything
bad, i^^t iirdr.
Perseverant, persevering, persisting, per-
sistive, jMir^. L^>^\y muwdzib, jAS^ma^
mustamir, /«j^J^ muddmm, /^JLt mtf-
Idum. See Assiduous.
Persevere, persist^ v. j 4". ..il M^amar,
ddtoam ^l(^>
Perseveringly,^1^4JM)l Jij hikol utimrdr,
Persia, ^uk^\ jL htldd al ^am, Per-
sian, adf. ,^j4jsp' ^ajaml, ^jli /ar«f.
The modem Persian language, ^U
Person, $, ^josf^ 8hah,jSu nafar. See
Man, Woman, Individual. — Person
(exterior appearance), ijya sftrat jCj^
shakl, JL*-s^ ihaydl. See Pigure,
Form. — A person in the Trinity, a^I
ahnum (pi. m^^\ dkdnlm). Persons,
^Is^t ashkhds. In person, d^ljJb
hmdt A certain person, ^Jii fvddn ;
(in grammar). The first person or
speaker, JicL^ mtf^ila^im. The second
person, or person spoken to, K^Wi^
mukhdtah. The third person, or person
or thing absent or spoken of, v^i^U
yhdytb.
PER
(864)
PES
Pereonagei*. (person of diatmctdon), Jp-j
n***^ rufol mu^tdbar.
Personal, ^<-a*^ »haksl, J\j «5*l, ^joU-
Personality, ^mass^ tihdkhriyat, a^U.
ibAdMa^. See Person.
Personally, tul JJU hiu&t, <UyiiJ Wna/-
Perspective (glass), ^^J^»^ durbln. The
science of perspective, Ja:i\ Ac ^n^
annoiar, j>^\ J^ ipm al hasar. See
Optics.
Perspicacious (sharp of sight, acute of
discernment), J^-h-aj i — vj>-Ltf sahib
boi^rat,
Perspicaciousness, perspicacity, Hj^
bMlrat, iLi fitnat, Jftii ^l, j^^Si
tadblr, lj\i^ hastdhat.
Perspicuity, perspicuousness, ^Ju) bay&n.
See Clearness ; dUo Transparency.
Perspicuous,yblb saAtir, ^^^--^ mubayffan,
^\^ wddth, jkb ndtik. See Clear,
Evident.
Perspicuouriy, ^\^ ^^ biioajhin wddih,
'•yblfe sflAiran, yb\l? f>jJ biwqfhin
sahir. See Clearly.
Perspiration, ^ ^ara^, jlacT iwAiAdr.
Perspirative, perspiring, J[^ i«« j;am^.
Perspire, ». J^ ^^«^.
Persuadable, persuasible, j-iiuj yunhani^.
Persuade, r. jJJ ^na^, ^ n^waA. See
Advise, Incite, Influence, Inculcate.
Persuader, «. ^U nawA.
Persuasion (endeavour to influence),
X^Uu mwlAa^; (opinion, belief), jU:i£l
i^imdd, jUi£\ i^ikdd.
Persuasive, persuasory, ^U nd«iA.
Persuasively, ^U ^^ bi wajhin ndiih.
Pertinency, £U laydlai, LJc^
sabat, ^\y tnuwd/akai.
Pertinent, J^l^ mmoafik, j£.l I^
Pertinentiy, i-l:-* J^ WW »«««
Perturbate, (jS^yLJ Jac {uemoJ tefcnf
Disturb.
Perturbation, ^Ai^ fewA^uA, 4-:\;s-
idiirdb, i,^^ hirat. See Distrseb^
Disturbance.
Perturbator, i^il^ ^^\^ ra«f tf/^fc^^
Pervade, r. J^ J <^»tAii/. SeePenetifi^
Permeate, Enter.
Perverse, JuJ^c ^anie?, jjU-« wikcMi
^^ «Aartr (pi. jj/-*^ ashrdr), ^*^
mayahm, JU <to». See Obstu^
' Peevish, Stubborn.
Perversely, jL*i J^J bikol/atdd.
PerverseneB8,perverBity,oLi: tffwi--'
fasdd. See Obstinacy, Peevishtr
Stubbornness. C^>^ ^''f^
Perversion, 4-;)Ui\ inittteJ, Jli (fc
Pervert, r. Ju*J^ afsad, ^^S^ ^akau y
Corrupt, Seduce. [^
Perverted, J^Jl^ mafsud, u^JlL^ »^
Perverter, *. JumL* mufsid, ^y^d^ f«*
Perusal, ZkIUs^ mtUdla^at, ijis UUt*
See Lecture. [R*-
Peruse, r. ^It ^^^, ^^ tala\ ^
Pest, Ij^ wabd, ^^^^ td^un. SeePfc"*
lence, Plague.
Pestilence, «. ^y^^ Wj^a», iUl wfii^-
L Lj sirayat, i^Se. ^adwai, bj tr^
Pestilent, pestilential, pestiferous,^-^
mudirr, c^ J^*^ mu^di, y^J^ •dn, >*
Infectious, Malignant, BesinKt^^*
PHA
(865)
PHI
Pernicious. — Infected by a pestilential
disorder, ^fi>o^ mat^nn.
?estle, $. (of a mortar), ^^l^\ Jj\ iffd al
hdwany jJl^ mudak.
Petition, «. \^j^ ^d, Jl^- u^j^ f^*"^*
rafa.
Petition, V. ^jOjC ^rad, ^jtt>Asl\ Utamoi,
\p^j |*Jj haddam rajd, \^Si^\ /•JJ
kaddam istid^, ^j<j%j tamanna\ See
Supplicate.
Petitioner, s. ^J^ mu^ridf ^j»i,^sLt
tnttliamu, ^Jlt tdUh, JjLj «ayt7.
Petitioned, L^i^^matluh, J^m.^ nuuuL
Petre, J^^Ul J^ milh al hdrHd. See
Saltpetre.
Petrifaction, jn^s^ tahjlr. To petrify,
^(change to. stone), ^^^d-^kc ^mdlaho
ht^ar, — (to become stone), ^J^ •5*'
hajar.
Petticoat, «. ^IimJ JUiAn, [Meanness.
Pettiness, Ji^ i\kghr. See Smallness,
Pettish. See Pretful, PeevlBh.
Petty, j^ ioghlr. See Little, Incon-
siderable.
Petulance, i^lLSi thahdwat, L^^y\ |* J^
^adam adah. See Pertness, Sauciness,
Insolence, Peevishness, Wantonness.
Petulant, ,-5-i 9hakl, c-? jl lb bila adah.
See Peevish, Saucy, Pert, Insolent,
Wanton, Perverse.
Petulantiy, SjU^ JiJ hikol thakdwat.
See Pertly, Peevishly, Saucily.
Pewter, -J J*fl5 kasdlr.
Phalanx, «. J^Lufi ^dhir.
Phantasm, phantasma (a vain imagina-
tion), Jtb JLi^ itA^iyd/ IdtU.
Phantasmas, <^!tU^ ihaydldU
Phantasticali phantastic, ^\t^ hhaydli.
See Capricious, Whimsical.
Phantom, 9. ij^ sUrat, JLj^- khat/dl,
L^A^taif. See Ghost, Spectre. Leyla's
phantom came by night, iwhen drowsiness had
overcome me, towanu momine, while my com-
panions were sleeping in the aesert ; bat when
we awoke to behold the phantom that had
passed, I saw the house deserted, and the place
of visitation was distent. (Arabic proverb,
meaning l^at what was done cannot be un-
done.) c^JiiU OCX itf-i-J *— if^ fc/r»
Pharoah, ^fyi far^Hn. The people of
Pharoah (the Egyptians), ^jj^ ^^
katfftn far^Hn.
Pharmacopeia (treatise on drugs), c^cd
i^ jjl H^/ **^^^ <<»r^l3 al adwiyat.
Pharmacopolist, i<=rl/^' f^^fi' See
Apothecary.
Pharmacy, ^^j)^ J^ ^*7*^ <^ adwiyat,
i)^Ji\ ^^s^J» IcLitf tand^t tarkih al
adwiyat.
Pharos, «. (jwyli/anfl*, J;l:^ mtrndrat,
Jjcl^ nuuh^. See Light-house.
Phenix, 9, liui: ^nkd. The phenix of
his age,^^^!^^ Jj\j!I^ ^ijifarld ala-
wdyil walatPdkhir, [hddi9.
Phenomenon, ijj\j nddirat, CjJI^
Phial, 9, lLJi» 9hUhah.
Philanthropy (good nature), (jwU< «Usr*
muhabhat annd9. See Benevolence.
Philologer, philologist, 9. l^0\ adib,
iJi;Ul JU ^dlim loghdt See Gram-
marian, Critic.
Philology. See Criticism.
PhilologicaL See Grammatical.
Philomela, JJj hdhul. See Nightingale.
Philosopher, i. *-^ haJAm (pl.'Uij>-
65
(866)
PIE
hukamd), u, i^M.L} faykuitf (pi. iiJii
fiUdsa/ai), JU ^dlm. The philoso-
pher's stone, W^ A'^ fntf^oQm klmld.
Philosophic; philosophicali ^^mJlJ faif-
haifl.
Philosophically, iLAi^ Xa^ J^ hikol
hihnat wafahafat. See Wisely.
Philosophy, ^U^l Af ^t7m al hikmat,
^JuAii\ alfaUafat, See Wisdom.
Philosophise, v. t^JuJUj tafaUaf. See
Iteason. [ma^Hn al^ithh.
Philter, «. (love potion), j^mjJI l;>?^
Phlehotomist, «. jlos fasB&d,
Phlehotomize (hleed), Jud9 /mo^?.
Phlegm, Jtb halgham.
Phlegmatic (abonndingin phlegm), |«a«)j
^o/yA^ml ; (cold), ^)y^\ *^j\i hand al
mi%dj\ See Frigid, Dull.
Phosphorous (morning star), .^u^l Ia^
najmat al 8abh,jsr\ c-^^ hawkah al
fajr.
Phrase, «. SjLa ^hdrat (pi. d^l^Uc
^t^ard^). See Expression. — A pro-
verbial phrase, Jl^ masal.
Phraseology, ^Lc ^iharal, Ssi loghat,
^UJ /Man. See Diction, Style.
Phrensy, phrenetics, ^y^junUn, aLj-j
sarsdm. See Madness.
Physical (relating to nature), ^yUf!^
^fe,I, (JM sd^f. See IN'ataral.
Phpioally (according to nature), LnyLt
^f ^tyan, ,<«<»fJ0 ^y Uwajhin tabl^.
Physician, ^'^^ tablh (pi. U^t atibhd),
fffS.»- hakim (pi. UJl>- hukamd).
Physic (the science of healing),
tibh, Ll^lnli Jlc ^m attibh ; (medi-
^^°®)» -^^ t*%i |^*>^tft(?5; (a purge),
JfkM^ muiahhil, i^ sharhai.
Physiognomisty «. i-^Jji c»*^^U idid
Physiognomy (science of) ^j^ jic jji*
al ipqfh, Li\j&\ Jx ^fZm al fr^\
(countenance), ^^ tro^'A.
Pia mater (membrane which coven tb
brain), 4Ual\ i4\ iwim addimdgh, \^
ffhiihd.
Pick, ^ nakk(^,j\:x:i^\ ikktdr, s^
intdkhab. See Call, Choose, Select
Picked (chosen), Uy^rcu.** mtmiiiU:
(gathered), /^^^L* mtftowM.
Picker (one who culls), i^^^cc^ s»
takhib, ^<A^^ munaiJti,
Pickle or "pickles, Jl-f^ mMaU>
(salted), J^^ OTWiia^Zia. KckW
meats (in salt), cz^^Lj^JU sMttiici
To pickle, ^^ kabas, ^ maM
Pickpocket, «. l<«]/^" ^w-cfwl, J^-
sarrdk. See Cutpurse^ Thief.
Picktooth,«. (toothpick), ^U-J^jj^'^
Picture, «. *jiy^ tasuflrahj ^JLsJ ^•
(pi. |>2>^ ntiihuA), ijy^ 9^rat >
j^ «0i<Yir), ^\si kitdbai. The i?^
sketch of a picture, )^^ MynU.
Picture, v. See Paint, Bepreseni
Pie, ». (^JLa^^i^ 9(mbiUak. See V^.
Pastry, Magpie.
Piebald, J^\ oKilak.
Piece, «. (bit), iULi ib^^. See Fc^^
Patch, Eragment. — A piece of ^
i*ij ruk^a. A piece (litemzy oon?^
sition), \J^\ inthd, u,flj.;»gj tmif' ^
piece of manufacture, *^%S t^'
Piecemeal, in pieces, ^^iL« wuiittU^
Pierce, v. ^JissT bakhaah, jJu m«/H^
PIL
(867)
PIT
sakai. See Prick, Penetrate, Bore,
Perforate, Enter. [rated.
Pierced, ^^..Jdj^ muntahih. See Perfo-
Piercer, «. (boring instrument), i^^r\^
matkab.
Piercing, part, jiU ndjid.
Piety, ijyaj takw<^, Sj\j^ dayanai.
Pig,#^^ ifcAtfmfr (pl.^jl:^ife^fwlifr).
Pigeon, », £^U>- hamdmat. The domestio
pigeon, ^Uj yamdfnat.
Pike, I. i^ harhad, ^j rumh (pi. ^^;t
anndhf ^U^ rtimifA). See Spear.— A
half ^ke. See Javelin.
Pilaster, a.jMJyt^e, ^mUd saghlr.
Piles, «. Z^^ hwmat. See Heap. — (a
piece of wood driven into the gronnd),
Jjj watad (pi. jIJj\ awidd). A pile of
buildings, Lj 5i»d. See Edifice. — The
pilee,^«^1^ hawdHr. See Emeroids.
Pile, 9. ^^^ J(»fna^f aJ^ kawwam. See
Heap, Accumulate.
Piled, /»y^ mulocrf^affi.
Pilgrim, t.^tj sdyiir; (to Mecca), i^U-
Ad; (fern. ^U- hdjfat).
Pilgrimage, «. ifjUj s»^dra^, ^l^ «iyfi-
A^. The pilgrimage to Mecca, ^ haj.
To go on a pilgrimage, ^|j wdr\ (to
Mecca, etc.), ^ haf.
Pill, «. Xld- ^aa^.
Pillage, i^UyAdraA, \aju yaghmd^ S^
ftaA^. See Booty, Plunder.
Pillage, r. U;-^ nahahf U^ (J^^^fi ^ama/
yaghmdf \^\.a ioiab. See Plunder.
Pillar, «. J^.4X ^mad. See Column. —
The pillars of the state, il^SlA Jij\
arkdn addawlat [yoA.
Pillow, «. il^ mukhaddaij iS^ takkd'
Pilot, «. v.^^.^^^! Jjli ifcdyii al mor^,
Jjii kaldwta.
Pimento, jlfj hahdr.
Pin, «. (jM^J <ia5iai.
Pincers, ^yiJ^ ib^a^ili».
Pinch, V, ^j9^ karas.
Pinch, «. 4.0^1 iboTMA. See Squeeze.
Pinched, \^^J^ rnahrHi,
Pine, «. (tree),^yMtf amawhar.
Pine-apple, ijj^\
^/Mwg I ^j^ ^ayn anndi.
Pine, r. (langoisb), t^JjiJ ^^^.
Pink, t. (flower), Ji3^ htrunfid. To
pink with the eye, Ui ghanun. See
Wink.
Pinnacle, J^t ^l:^ jandh al hayhd.
Pious, Jli0 idlih (pi. ^2;t^l^ «d/AZn).
Piously, \^ Jij ^lifco/ toibrd, 4^^ J^
5tib/ takwa. [Chirp.
Pip, V. {ory as a bird), jfij zahak. See
Pipe, «. (tube), ^LoS kasahat. A water-
pipe, ^-'^ j/« mttsrd3. A glister-pipe,
^^^A^^ mahkun, — A musical-pipe, ^/U
ndy. See Piute.
Pique, 1^;^ iff^AJ, «\a^ Aa^, 4jU1} lUh
kdyah. See 111- will, Malevolenoe ; aUo
Punctilio. [kananat.
Piracy,^li Vij>:.i7 toiiAU 9*7 5a^,£:^
Pirate, «. (J^;y kuridn, ^J^^ hunM,
Pirate, v. ^^ karsan.
Piratical, ci^fy hikrtdnl.
Pish ! y; ^«/il. SeePy! Pho!
Pismire, «. ^lL«j nomAi^. See Ant.
Piss, r. ^ sAo^A, Jy hawwal.
Piss, Jy iat^J. SeeTJrine.
Pistachio-nut, <• (^u«J fuituk.
Pistol, «. ^b^LJ tabdnjah.
Pit, «. jU ghdr.j^^ hlr. See Well, Ditch,
Abyss, Ghilph.
Pitapat, c^f ^Ua:^ i^/oifcdiia/ iolft.
See Palpitation, Trip, Step.
Pitch (inspissated resin), uu-Jj ^fttj^
PIT
(868)
PLA
haryjJ ifelr. Liquid pitch, Jll-jlS
k&r Myyal. Pitch (meaBore, degree,
extent), Ss>^ hadd, iSb^ nnUdhakai.
See Proportion, Bate. — (stature), i«lj
kdmat, ji tad; (height, eleration),
Pitch, V, (smear with pitch), tJi^J zaffmt;
(to fix, plant), u^..^ natab. To pitch
a camp, (XJ^\ u,'*-^i iumo^ o/ j^tydm.
See Camp.— (to fall headlong), lal^
iakat, ij^ hawa* ; (to choose), i-y^VO^
intakhab, J /flw. Verily I have been
in this place twenty yean without seeing any
one in it, until yesterday, when I heard weep-
ing; and I looked in the direction of the
sound, and saw many people, and tents pitched
on the shore of the sea, \ JJb ci ^ ^^^
Pitchiness, U^ %ulmaL See Darkness,
blackness. [Dismal.
Pitchy, ^»i«^ mu^Um. See Dark, Black,
Piteous, pitiful (exciting pity), ^fry*
(,^^Asi\ mujawwi^ al kM\ (compas-
sionate), M^j rahlm^ ^jaZ*^ muahfik ;
(paltry), ^;;^ hakir, f^yS^ masmflm.
See Contemptible, Wretched.
Piteously, pitifully, ijLiJii JSj hihol sha-
fakai. See Compassionately, Sorrow-
fully ; also Contemptibly, "Wretchedly.
Piteousness, pitifulness, aju^ shafakat,
i^^^j^ marhamat See Compassion,
Tenderness, Sorrowfulness ; also
"Wretchedness, Paltriness.
Pitiable (deserving pity), <Ufl>^! ^r-^!^
tpdjih arrahmat, Ajiku^\ L^-^yuw«
musiawjih ashshafakat.
Pitiless, iiiJ^\ ^^ Jus ^m aO^dst,
See Inhuman, Gruel.
PitOessness, ZaauJI ^J^ ^adam ashtk*-
fakat, Lj\^1\ i^Jot ^mdmi^alintSmpL
See Inhumanity.
Pitilessly, ^ftlllb hOa tkafaioL
Pity, ^jlaJ^ »hafakat, ^a^p^j^
See Compassion.— "What a pity I
hayf.
Pity, V. ^j raham. ^ jLL tka/d
^ala\ See Compassionate.
Pix, 8, (vase), uJ^b tar/. [Ptafie.
Placable, «Jl>. hanm. See Mild, Gentk,
Placableness, A^ htlm. See Mildness.
Placard, «. (manifesto or edict posted up
in a public place), ^JUt t^tem.
Place, ^^IC« ifkwfean, Jar^ moW, w*«
mawda^ (pi. t*^^>^ iiwMrorf*^), ^X*.^
fSkwiUn (pi. ^^L^ wMd^m) ; (jaioritT
of rank), jJ^ 9adr, ij\i^^ miir^
See Precedence. — (public ehancter v
employment), ii,,,..*^**^ »miim&, ^«x>
hhidtnaU See Office, D^:ree. — A nir-
ket place, j|jU hiadr, A place of des-
tination, a halting place, ^p^ ««Bfe
J 97^^ Jf ^ nMhal amttoa/. See Iji£'
— A place for gymnastic
J
Gymni
place of meeting or assembly,
majfM^j fjSjs^ majlu. A lurkiD?
place, ^^j^ kammln, A place yshm
any show is exhibited, c».^nl^ «m^^-
Any place where one stands, ^iLt ■«*
hamy IjU mdtvwd. Any place whve
one sits, ^l^ fnakdn. A place where
one trips or ialls down, nfi«u>< w^ah*
(pi. LiLu^ m<udib'<). Any place t»
which one returns, ^ry 0Mr;^^»*^^
PLl
(869)
PLA
mu^dd, A high lying place, iSc
^iyat. Whatever is subetitated in
the place of another, Jjj hadal, (joyc
^awad. From place to place, ^^
^ILt ^\ ^iCt mm makdn tTa' fnahdn.
In the first place, 1«1 awwalan. In the
second place, LjIj tdniyan. From
another plaoe^j£>-t ^J**^ ^j;^ ww »w-
^//m dkhar. Places, iZJ%s:^ mahal-
Jdt, ^^\^ tnawddi^, ^U^ amdkin,
^^lk« nuUdrih.
Place, 9. w.^j fcada^ L^- Aa^.
Placed, & ^ v« fnawdu^ t ftkc^ mahtuL
And after an hour he retarned, bringing with
him a roasted lamb, and hreand as white as
cotton, which he placed before them, and they
ate and drank, JUt^^ vJI JLcL» Jju w
Placer, ^«^^j wddi^.
Placing, pari, v^^^ toddi^, laLl^^ ^^t^
Placid, ^»Juii «a/!m, ftA>» halim, ^^
ufodi^ n >ViU aJu.1 «a/lm attdb^. See
Glentle, Quiet, Mild.
Placidlj, Act Jy 3t wadd^ahf aJl»- ^^
^' taafhin hailm.
Placidness, Jl»- Mm.
Plagne, «. ^;^IW M^iftn, bj wabd. See
Pestilence.— (anything troublesome),
^ Jw37 tauti^, cQjUj ^iUl/, c^]^\
'lagae, i^. (infest with pestilence), ^^^mI?
^^an ; (to vex, tease), ^ J^ ^ J^i^
^amdl laho ioidi^. [lif^ '^^^*
^lain, 9, (level ground), ^^Ju^ mfefdn,
'Iain (smooth, even, level), J^***^ mu-
sattah, i^^UmC^ mutoidwl, t^j\*i*^ tmh
s&wa^j lagdMij iofi^ ; (void of ornament),
»j\^ idda; (dear, evident, not ob-
scure), yJbll? %dhir, jib\) hdhir. See
Discernible ; Mere, Bare.
Plain-dealer or plain-dealing, adf. j\^
idlih, Jjle ^dU, JjL addik. See
Honest, Artless. [See Honesty.
Plain-dealing, «. ^JXa sidk, -I.0 «a/d^
Plainly (levelly), l|yui^ mtistawiyan;
(without ornament), £jj lb htld zltMt;
(sincerely), J^Jl^oJU M iidk; (in
earnest), ^lA;iA>. haklkatan; (evidently),
jJb^ ^j> hi wqfhin %dhir.
Plaint, £^ld ihikdyat, l>^y nawhai.
See Complaint, Lamentation.
Plaintful, plaintive, ^Clx/t fnuta$hahk\.
Plaintiff, 9, ^*x^ mudda^.
Plait, f. ^^ iawyat, JL:J tanyat.
Plait, 9. 4^^ ^otra', ^^:j tona'.
Plan, «. (scheme), ^^0^ gharad, JuoS
^i. See Design. — (form or model),
ijya t&rat, j^j roitn, i^^\j kdlih.
The plan of a building, £^Lm1I m^j
roam at ^tndrai.
Plane, v* (make even), Ji^ $ahhal.
Plane-tree, «. i^J dulh.
Hanet, 9. ifj\^i>Aaf^ najmat aayydrat^
j»\^ msf nafm adyir.
Plank, 9, ^j! lawh (pi. A^\ alwdh).
Planks, etc., for a honse building, J&0^\j\^
kdrdatah. Cu^)/^^ ayhrd9).
Plant, 9. ilsJ^ ahailih, (juji. ghar9 (pi.
Plant, V, u^p^msJ ruuahf ^j„jL yharaa. To
plant a cannon, ^ J^b ^LlJ «3c^t
ahkaig nUh&n hU madfa^ ^^\jj>^
horror dl madfa^
Plantain (herb), J^dd! ^U lUdn al
hamalf f^Ss\ ^\j ddn aljadl.
Plantation, planting, y^-^i^) fkub, \jm^
ghar9, A plantation of trees.
PLA
(870)
PUS
^Lcr^i m/ atjdr. A plantation or
colony, ifi|^ Mfdco^, ^^^ holonid.
Planted, Cy»^.a;^ fnamuh, ^/^/^ 0MI-
^AriU. Planted in a row, <, ^^^\^
U-fjB^ U,1jBrf> moiMft^ <H/V ^fi^f'
Planter, «. (jmI^ ^harrds, ^j^\c ghdris,
Plaster (for walls), ^^^^m*^ jabUnj iji^^^
Plaster, t. (or dressing for a wonnd),
mitj^ marham (pi. ^]/« flntfrdAtm),
lip ibiitft.
Plaster, v. (a wall), ^^ %yM; (to
apply a plaster to a wonnd), ^jJ^*^
A^b^b dahan M marham, ijji k>-
Plastered (as a wall), ^^wILt mulajfyaa ;
(plastered as a wound), ^jl ^Jie ^o-
layhi knltah. [Weave, Twist.
Plat, p. ^^ fuuaj^jLi dafar. See Braid,
Plate, f . ^^/^^ 9akn, Bee Dish, Trencher,
Bason. — Silrer plate, A.di (^;>s^ 9ahn
faddah, A large plate,^^««^ u;^^ '^>^
Aa&fr. A thin plate of any metal,
d^viitf saflhai, SLj ianafMt
Plate, «. (with silver), ^^a^faddad, ^JJ^
iiL^b iala' hil Jidda.
Platform (on the tops of houses, etc.),
t^JLa iokf, ^ sath.
Play, V. ^^^\ U^eh. To play or jest
widi any one, w« ^yb harrqf ma^.
See Jest.— To play with life (to expose
oneself to danger), iUmiJjj JgU>^ ih&tar
hi nafiihi. To play upon (ridicule),
^ CXtf^ ^oiaAAaA ^a^. See De-
ride, Oibe, Laugh at. [Amusement.
Play, L^ lu^h, Lfi ki^bai. See Sport,
Player, t, L,^i Id^.
Playful, playsome, v,^^j3 /<i^(!&.
Play-game, childxen's play, pkjflung,
Plea, ii?" kijjat,jy£- ^wr, ^/^ ifc-
tftf', JJ J d^tf, ^^^^ sA^'. See
Lawsuit, Allegadon, Apolo^, Excoml— TV
jiklge then turned towunis him, and aid eft
nim, I have paid attention to ^ j wife's cUs*
ment : now, tiierefore, prodooe a pka is thy
own defence; for otherwiae I snaU expoi
thj dnplidtjr, and order thy imprisaoi^^
Jj 4) Jlij lie, ^\^\ Jr^'J
CT^ tlrV*
%
Plead, r. (a cause), ^js- ^j^^ hSm^ ^«.
See Defend, Discuss, Allege, Etco^.
Pleader, «. ^^jl^ J>^ waM oddMt
See Advocate, Counsellor, Lawyer.
Pleading, «. ^lsa>-t Mijdj, H^Lt
m^ihdhaiai.
Pleasant, ^iM laHJ. A pleasant pisee
-^ Js:^ ffkiAoff MkarOL See De^
lightful,— (gay, lively), jj^^--^ flMWv.
See Cheerfol, Meny.
Pleasantly (delightfully), ^\^^Ut Jx
fttio/ WMAfirdA; (gaily), jjj^^ Htuhr
See Mernly.
Pleasantness (deUghtfulness), ^j^
mskirdh, li.0 <a/<i ; (spiighiliness d
conversation), uJU /m(^, ^LilU ia^d/st
Please, v. (delight), ^/J^ sAaroj^ k.^
ftdwa^, ^j radt^. See Gratifyy H6>
mour; Satisfy, Content*
Please, imp. CJ^lf^ caJl^ lofitj^ 2:b^
^tVuit. Please to send us 20 bales of I.
cloth,tL) AU^ilb r^U \^jjyrj'
narfuhtm tarMlu Imd ^asArm leid
khdm ti.
Pleased (delighted), l^^Mw. maAfi/. Td
be pleased, LimJI inioioL See Glad.
Content
PLE
( 871 )
PLO
Pleasizigi o^N kuu^ mubsttf ^/^ mush-
rih. See Pleasant, Delightful, Agreeable.
No one who met me after his remoTal fi^m me
was pleasing to me, ^Sl ^ i^^^j ^
Pleasure, j^j^ turUr, \La iof^, if jJ /as-
%aL See Delight, Gratification, Volup-
tuousness.— (choice, will), jL::;^.! ikh-
tiydr, j\^ murdd, ij\j\ irddat. To
Pleasure. See Please.
Plebeian, ^:^f^ trait^,^;J>- hdlAr. See
Common, Vulgar, Low, Mean.
Plebeians, ^jmUI a\^ ^awdm annds.
Pledge, 9. ^j!bj rahn. See Pawn, Gage,
Surety. — ^To give a pledge for the per-
formance of any contract, etc., yj^\
^j a^ rahn. To receive a pledge,
^j tX£>.1 althML rahn, [See Pawned.
Pledged, ^^f marhnth \^j^ muriahin.
Pledget, 8. ^»Jb^ marham, Sa^ UukaL
See Dressing (of a wound), Plaster.
Pleiades, «. (constellation), by iurayyd.
Plenary, J^\^tef?ii7. See Pull, Complete.
Plenipotenoe, plenipotentiary powers,
J!U::lmi1 utikldl, A plenipotentiary
(negociator invested with full powers),
^^^Ux« J^ wakll miutlah A pleni-
potentiary commission), Xil^^ wakdlat,
?leiiitude, h^\ imiild. See PuUness,
Completeness.
Plenteous, plentiful, ji\^ todjlr, ^joAi
fayidfj^ ioAr. See Copious, Exu-
berant, Pmitfnl.
?lenteously, plentifally, )a\j3\j hi ifrdt^
\j^ luuHran,
Plenty, plenteonsness, plentifulness, Wf^t
tfrdt, i^ katarat, 5ji^ wafrat. See
fruitfulnesa, Exuberance. [iMldt
Plethora, plethory, tlU.)! WJ^l i/rdt al
Plethoric (faIlofbloodorhumor8),<^^J
danMwl,
Pleurisy, «. u,.>^'^.yl iZjM %dt ajjanb,
Pleuritical, pleuritic, c:^\j ^f
CyiVyl fihi marad %dt ajfanh.
Pliable, pliant (easy to be bent),
• munhanl, 't^'^^ ^J^^*^^^ mumkin atta-
^wtouf, ^yJl JjU kdhilal^awaj. See
Limber, Flexible.
Pliableness, pliancy, pliantness, ^«-ijli
^yiS\ kdhiUifot al ^wj. Pliant of tem-
per, iSL% tnuldym, W'^^ f^^ iailm
aitah^. See Persuadable.
Plight, V. (faith), J^ Ja£\ aM ^ahd,
i»lL^ iJ^f A^^' kaldm, ^Ul ^Ja£\ a^ta*
amdn. See Pledge, Pawn. [tion.
Plight, JU Ad/, ZJU-Ad/0^. See Condi-
Plot, «.(conspiraoy), JfU^I iUifdk, if JJbU^
mu^hadai, JJblu ta^hud (pi. iZJ\ JJbUj
ia^huddt), iij\y^ muwdiikat, b^laT
tahdk^, (ji^y tawd/uk; (a scheme,
plan), ^jOjigharadf dlj niyat, Xai hud.
See Design, Contrivance, Intrigue. —
(stratagem), ^LL>- hiiatf ^ fann. A
plot or piece of ground, ^^j\ijiei
hit^t ardf ^l»-L) idhah, ^^^ tahn. The
ground-plot of a building, ^\jt!f ^^Ls
tdhai adddr.
Plot, 9. (conspire), ^\ij\ J^^ ^ama/ t^^i-
/Sit, (ji\y {}^*»^ ^amal tawdfuk ; (to
machinate), ^-L^ J«4X ^oma/ h^hst.
See Contrive, Plan, Scheme.
Plotter, i. ^^y farm, jJj rafth. See
Conspirator.— (a contriver of miKhief),
^Lii i,^,^^^9^\^$dhibJUn<U. See Contriver.
Plough, «. ^\jjfadddn.
Plough, Cj^Aoroi. See Cultivate, TilL
Ploughman, ploughboy, plougher, <• 6;|j
PLU
(872)
POI
tdri^, t^\^ harras, ^faO&h. See
Bustio, Peasanty Countryman. ^
Ploughed, i^^jS^ mahrHi,
Ploughing 0Z| «. ^]jj fadddn. Plough-
ing oxen, ^\ si fadddn.
Ploughshare, 9. SJLa tikkaL
Plumage, iJuJj rUh. See Feather, Plume.
Plumhexy (manufacture of lead), i[3U^
^\^J\ harkh&nat arraada*
Plume, i. (feather worn as an ornament),
<Luujj rUhat. [Fat, Corpulent.
Plump, i»:MM>- janm, ^^ji*^>^ $amin. See
Plump, V. (make fat), ^^yk^ aamman.
Plumpness, iuLu>- jaadmat, ^j^^^ »umn.
See Corpulence.
Plunder, UJu yaghmd^ <l4yi.r ^AanZma^
(pi. A^lxc ghandyim), ijli ghdrahf
^^^^j) nakib. c.^ fuiA^.
Plunder, v, v»^^ naAad, Uju J^.^^ ^amdl
yaghnia. See Hob, Depredate. — And we
feared them lest they should plunder our
goods and our commodities. They are the
most hideous of beasts, and covered with hair
like black felt, their aspect striking terror,
and no one understands their language,
Plundered, c^Juuu^ maslnl, (^^ui^man-
Mh, [See Bobher, Depredator.
Plunderer, «. c^Ls «d/t3, s-'l^ mKhdh,
Plunge, 9. (anything into water), \jtSah,
It
ghattoif fJjL gharrak ; (to plunge one's-
self into water), ^jJieii. ghatas. See
Dive, Sink. — To plunge into difficulty
or danger without design, (J j^
jlLf^ll^ uj3lfi!1 gherek fil muhdUJc
wdl akhtdr.
Plunge, 9. jjjai ghai9, JJjM iaghrit.
Plunged, ^U ghdti9.
Plunger, t. ^jaAs, ghdyii, ^\^gkmnii
Plunging, jMir^. Jyt* «iifA«mi.
Plural, j-4^ yaw^- [See Msgdnty
Plurality, Lmp^ jam^yai, ij^ hmt
Plurally, \jtA9^ jam^an.
Ply, «. iL^ tanyat, h^ tmeyat. Sr
Fold, Plait [liK^.
Pneumatical (relatire to wind), J»s
Pneumatics, pneumatology^ \^\ Jx .»
Pocket, «. L^^,0'^^s^ jayh.
Poem, «. if Ju^ koiidai. S^ Ok-
Poems, JjL^ hoidyid.
Poesy, jlic2i)f Jl£ ^iTm oJ otA^ar. 5^
Poetry. — A poetical motto on a lix;
JflfiL ^JjJj nakih hhdtim.
Poet, 9.jc\J^ ahd^ir^ J9U ndstn. Poet^
^jK^ fAti^ard.
Poetess, «. 'ijtXj^ 9hd^irai.
Poetic, poetical, v^/*^ lAt'^rt. Apoeti!^
work, ^'ji^ <fttt?a». Poetic lioaa
jLuJI i[jfj);^ darurat al shi^r.
Poetise, v,j\xJi»\ J.4^ ^amal oiA^dr.
Poetry, j-«-»«i;^, jjai mam, uf^^ j^-
^^yj\ Jlc ^f7m al ^arud. The kDw**
ledges in which the Arabians used to p^
themselres are the philology of their ova >
guage and the investigation of the laws J.
construction, together with the compoaiiuc
poetry and of orations, c-^1 Jx
•«i
Poignancy (sharpness), is»^ UddoL >*
Pungency. — (severity), isJ^ dU^
See Asperity.
Poignant, jU- had. See Sharp, ^
Pungent — (severe), jjX^ «MUl
Point, «. Jk>. AoJ; (of a aword),
hada99ay/; (period).
f!
i
POI
(873)
POL
ilaSj nuktat ; (nicety), is>ij nvkteh* A
point of time, ^a^J daUhat, ^^^Mijo
tarfat al ^yn, lia^ lahsuU, See Mo-
ment.— ^A point or head-land, ^j
Ju^l rds al jahai. See Promontory.
— The point (chief circumstance of the
subject in hand),y^St ^^sJu nafsalamr.
A material point, (^j^^ ^^^^ mt^im.
See Importance. — The equinoctial
point, Jl JCLcil iSasu nuktat al i^iddl.
A point, aim or mark, {jOja gharad.
An orthographical point, i^asu nuktat.
From point to point, A^scj <Lka3 nuktah
binuktah, — Now it came to pass that the Kin?
fell sick one day, whereupon his heart throbbea
and he felt that he was about to be removed
to the mansion of eternity ; then his malady
increased so that he was at the point of death,
int, 1^. (sharpen), ^ nan. To point
\r point out, ^Jlfi J J dcil ^ala\ See
5how, Indicate. — To point with the
inger, ^^ wama\ To point ortho-
graphically, ]aAj h>. hat nukat ; (mark
rith Yowel points), Cl^l^^t ^^^wada^
\l harak&t. To make a full point, fj^^cf
^amalmahat, — And she replied, 0
Poisoned, (killed by pcason), ^yAm^ mm*
^
\y daughter, all of them are comely. Who
len among them ? Wait, rejoined she, until
point him out to thee, b l^ l::^UJ
ixted, jUi. hdd. See Sharp.
a tedly (exactly), O J JXj hikol diktat.
dtless, ]aSjjJu highayr nukat.
lon, w fam.
ion, V. MAm» iammam.
mUm, M^dM.^ musammam.
Poisoner, v. ^am*^ muMammim,
Poisonous, AAM^ fMmmm,
Poisonously, ^mi hisam.
Poisonousness, ^IXj^U mdhiyat astam,
Poitre], i. (armour for the breast of a
horse)^ "^J^ warhand.
Poise, (equilibrium), JIjclc^ i^idal,
^jU^ mu^ddalat, ^j^y muwdtanat,
jjj^ woMn. See Weight
Poise, V, (weigh), j^J^ wasn. See Weigh.
Poker, *. jUl\ C)\^ muhrdk anndr.
Polar, ^^ji^ kuthi,
Aft .
Pole (of the heavens), U;-^ kvitb. The
north or arctic pole, ^UyuJl iw <\is\\
alhdh ashshamdll. The south or ant-
arctic pole, Lc-^y^^ (^^ViflU alkuth al
junUhi, The two poles, ^^^^JaS ^u^iayn.
Police, jJJI ku^ dabt al halad, sJb^\
alzahtiyah.
Policy (art of government), l^^^\ Jlc
^m al hukumat. See Politics. — (art,
stratagem, prudence), <UJl>. hikmat,
^jJ tadblr.
Polish, V. (smooth, make bright), JL0
aakal; (to make elegant of manners),
L^j\ addab.
m
Polish (gloss, brightness), JiL# sakl;
(elegance of manners), ii\Ji0 %ard/at,
c-^j1 adab, ^ILS latdfat.
Polishable, (Ja.^ yunsakil.
Polished, ^J^^ mujll, J^a.,^^ tnask^.
Polisher, «. JU«0 tdkkdl. A polisher of
gems, klJlx>- hakkdk.
Polite, c^ol tf<ft3, fc^jl v..o-U«d;itft
adah, ^mJ^Jlo tariff ^^ ^V^ (-jil^lU
mtiil^if. See Elegant.
POL
(874)
POO
Politely, ii^ J^ hOol latdfiU.
PolitenesB, l^c\ adab, ihSJff sard/at,
i}^ latdfat, i^J^ lutf. See Elegance.
Political (relating to a country), ^^^1^
rnidkl; (yened in the adminiBtration
of pablic af&drs),^ J^ mudabhir,yb\^
il^ji\ iy\} mdhir humUr addawht.
Politically, ^ JJ Jij hikd tadblr, J^
Jixi hikol ^aW, ^ Jij Uholfmn.
Politician, <• (one yened in the arts of
government),^ Jj cy^f^w 9&hib tad'
hlr,jJS^ mudabhir.
Politics (science of government), ^
alhukm; (public aflBEurs), KLmJ1j^\
umUr al mamlahd^ A:^n}\jfj\jj to-
d&llr oisaltanat^ li^j\\jy\ umUr ad-
dawlat, /^y4jii\jy\ umUr al ^timflm.
Polity (form of goyemment),(^i^L«Il /^^
niMdm al mulh, IU!1^ C^\ Uji^
hirdiat al mtdk wot milkU. See Goy-
emment.
Poll, 8, (head), (j^\j rd8. See Head.
A poll-tax, Ljp^jaaiyai.
Poll, 9. (enter in a register), j:Ji^^, «3uJ
koffffod hU daflar. See Begister.— (to
lop), u,^.L'»- hattdb. See Prune, Shear,
Shave, Mow, Crop, Plunder.
Polled (lopped), 9j^oL9 maktti^*
Pollen. See Flower, Bran, Powder.
Pollute, V. ^juP^ nqifas, ^j^J dannaa.
See Defile, Corrupt, Taint. [nqj^'as.
Polluted, ^^J^ mudannas, ^^/^.s^U tnu^
Pollution, pollutedness, iLcj- jandhat
Nocturnal pollution, f!i::^\ tMSdm.
Poltroon, 8. f^^^S Juuldn, J^ tanhal.
See Coward, Scoundrel.
Polyhedrons (having many sides), ^
^^\^ lahojawdnib haalrai*
Polygamist,
hi amraaHn.
Polygamy, C^ VjjJ' ij^Ugntmu^
Polygonal, L^\^i\J^ kaOrd^
Polypody (plant), Jj^\ u^]/^ ^
dlhdb.
Pomatum, l}Uy pcmdid. [SeeCitrx
Pomedtron, y^y^ laym^, jC Wici
Pomegranate, ^;l^ r««w«»- Bekafs
to the pomegranate, %.^^j rv""^
Pommel, «. (of a sword), uJ-i ■ ^
hMatana^.
Pomp, pompouanesBy ^ulac ^mm^, j«
taiUanal. See MagnifioeQce, S^-
dour, Cavalcade.
Pompous, A>»Vif L-^^ft-ttf 8dhih ^«»4
A^ ^oef M. See Magnificent, ^
did, Grand.
Pompously, hioA Jxi MbJ j«i**
Pond, *. ^^ *«rrf, i^ ^iirW,/
Ponder, r. t>lj touwiiwi/, J^\ »/*
See Consider, Think, Muse.
Ponderous, J-iJ to*H ^^J^ ms^ ;,v
roKlii. See Heavy, Weighty,¥om©Ja*
Ponderousness, ponderosity, J*i «*^
Poniard, f.^,fisi:^ it^i!fVir, To posisi
Pontiflf, j^ habr. The Eoman ^
[jU\alpdpd. TheMuhammadmH
tiff, ^Jii^\ almuflh ,%01^*M
alaaldm. The Jewish pontift j»l>«^
^li al hdkham bd8hh [«^
Pontoon, 8. (for passing riven),/
Pony, 8.jJLa ^^Um>- **»«» ^yto"-
Pool, 8. k-.^ J«i*. See F«i, **
Pond.
Poor, jM fatlrf \li^ 8aJ^ ^
POP
(876)
POR
[ndigent, Mean, Contemptible; Bar-
en; Lean; Trifling; Unhappy; Spirit-
ess. — A poor man, mendicant, jM
akJr. See Beggar. — The poor, \jAi
ukara, A poor woman, ij^ faklrat.
1*0 be or become poor, ^^Jii^l^ »(Lr
%kir. To make poor, jM Aaa ^a-
tahho fakir, ifjSJ\ afkaraho. As for
le poor and the condition of the poor, the
^hole life of the poor is nothine but asony ;
I the summer be fails to earn his foo^ and
I winter he warms himself oTer the fire-pot,
^JJl1\ ^Ju^jjMi\ f^\s>^^ j^\ Uli
1 _aJ ifjt^\ Ui
len, being the poor man's life, bis fittest place
in the barial-ground, 1 JJ^ ^L^ \S\
rly, jA3 Jij hikolfahr, jSaj bt fair.
^e Meanly, Unfortunately.
mess, jA3 fahr. See Poverty, Mean-
S8, Barrenness.
Q, «. IjUl alpdpa.
iar, 8. (tree), j^ kaiffr. The black
plar, if}jj^ ^«^ rflwl.
?Jp (^^^^^ JIAashkhdsh. The heads
poppies, ^[s^*^\ ^\^j rummdn
ihashkhdih.
dace, /»^y^f (1^ ^awdm, JL«U!1 al
mmiyatj ^/mU!\ m\^ ^wdm anndt,
^e^ \ aljamhUr, J^ \ al khalk. See
ople, Commonalty, Yolgar, Molti-
Iar (Tulgar), Ae. ^dm, a^ ^umnm.
) Plebeian. — (suitable to the people),
UJ^^ ^/thi khayr hinds; (es-
med by the people), c-^^1 ^y*^^
hbub al ialnb. A popular disease,
tcabd. See Epidemic
Popularity, ^^^\j\^sA i^tibdr al khalk,
4t«!l\ ^Usr^ muhabhat al ummai,
m
Popularly (in a manner to win the Ioyo
of the people), ^jls^tjLxfiU hii^tibdr
al khalk ; (vulgarly), [^ytx- ^umtZman,
(^y^\ ^^ !Jlc ^ala* wajh al ^umUm.
Population, {j^^\ ijt^ kaarat annufda.
See Populousness. Population of the
kingdom, aCLmJI ij^^ ^^^ ^ nusm"
lakah.
Populous, jf^4jc^ ma^Hr.
Populousness, (^Js\ iji^ kasrat al khalk.
Porcelain, ^J^^i^ <fnl. See China.
Porch, i.J^JbJ dahh% (pl.jJUv) dahdUz).
See Portico, Port, Entrance.
Pore, 9. (of the body), /X^^ masdm.
The pores, CL>t«L«^ nuudmdt
Pork, jj:^ ^ lahm khanslr.
Porous, CL^UL*^ ^ laho masdmdL
Porphyry, ^\^j^ hajjar summdki.
Port, 9, Ix^ mind. See Harbour. — (a
gate), c^b hdh ; (air, mien, carriage),
^j wajh, Joj naMr,Ja:^ manaar.
Portable, (J^^ jfunhamil.
Portend, v. (foreshow), ^Jlc J J dal ^ala\
See Prognosticate, Poretell, Omen.
Portent, «. (bad omen), ^/«^ nahs. See
Omen.
Portentous, ^^mo^ nahi, ^jtM^scU mof^iu.
Porter, i. (to a gate), s-'ijJ haunvdh.
The porter of the inner apartments,
S^U^ AdftJ (pi. c^li^ Auip-di).
The office of porter, i)\y) huwdhai; (a
carrier of burdens), JU^ hammdh
Portico, «. ^y^ Uwdn, jV^; ratrdi.
Portion, «. a«A»- AuiaA (pL ^jo^a^ hth
mm), u,..%y.a3 noiid, <UmJ kwnai. The
portion of a wife, ^ mahr, j\
POS
(876)
POS
jah&t. See Bower.^>The portion of a
childi K^\j0jili\ f^\*^\ iktitdmalmirds.
Portion, v. (divide into portions), j^mJ
koisam, ^^jmaaaJ J.4X ^nuU takiim. See
Divide.
Portliness (dignity of mien), ^UJ^ hayhU.
Portmanteau, $, _ js>^ lhurj\
Portrait, «. ^Jly^ toiwlrah, ifjya HLrah
(pl.jl^ iuwar). A portrait painter,
jy^^ musawwir. See Picture.*- To
draw portraits, jyp MwUfor.
Pory (fall of pores), cl^ULu^ i^ hdlaho
moiamat.
Position, ^^f^ tnawda^ (pi. ^^^y
matcddiQ, ^ r^ matrah. See Situa-
tion.— (a principle laid down, or as-
sertion), lj£j da^d, 4m^ kadiyatf
^aL* makaddamat, fj^\ asL
Positive (not negative), ^-jlajC^ y'dhi;
(certain), ^jAssX^ mutahakkik, ^\^
iff&dih ; (direct), wLlS katt^ ; (dog-
matical), ^Ij kdti^. See Obstinate,
Peremptory.
Positively (not negatively), V^F!? y'dhan;
(certainly), Ix^a^ yakinan, ^jti^^. ^^
yaktn, uX2«]b hild shak; (peremp-
torily), ULi kat^.
Positively (actualness), Ju*^lJ tdkid;
(certainty), j\^\ ikrdr, ^^^-ij yakin^
(jom ashthahhat.
Possess, V. (have, bold), Ci3u« melek,
^^;£i\ iktana* ; (seize), ]a^ dahat.
Possessed, CJ^am mumluk, ^J-^^a^ or
Uaa^ muktand. Possessed of (in com-
position), ^J %a, c:j\ J sd^, i^j si,
i^-^^>-li0 idhib, etc. (jFbr examples
see Possessing.)
Possessing, posaesnvB, posenory, a^. d
part, uJ^o^L* muiawrrif, fcl>i'.« !&
/lil ; (in composition), c; J s
u...«^U «<!^'3, ^«i sil, 4^«} s, ^
sessing understanding, 1^
«dAA tamyH. Poasessmg
L^^W^J sft hdt^at. Po9Eesgb;i:
nity, J^j(3 zu/aldl^ aU^^*
«dAtS mak&m, Poesessing exce!]&
J.d9 i..;.^U «dA«» /oA. F&asc
power, j^ Jcif ^■.^.■■wLg «dAi} ^
Possessingmanyestatee^cJLt^w^
Bdhib amldk.
Possession, u-f^^i^ tasanmjy Ias a »
iliX« muZib. Hereditazy pos^sJ
Cj»«j^ Jt« jfid/ nuMiTif. Seel:
tage. — Complete and absoliitepospiJ
<Ul^U uJ^ Uuarruf mdIko»^ ^
take possession, la^ lioioi, «J«"^
CjDuicUidt ietandaik, Togivepos&i'-
Possessions, VitJlLtl amJ<ai, i
taearrufdtf CLi\j\jie> ^thdrit
Possessor, e. CiStf mdUk,
tasarrif, L^^r^\^ sdM. ^ -'
Master, Owner.
Possibility, ^IC«1 irnkdn^ JU>
md/, ^ILi^l isiitd^ai.
Possible, ^;C«^ mtoitibji, J^i^
toMa/. Possible things, c;U^
muhtamaldt. To be possible, ^<^j
tar mumkin. For one of the visr *^|
said, If thou wish that thy redness r-J»j
complied with, a^ that which » ^
Now as to the thing that I han cr& •
plore from the King (may God ftfser- ^
he is able to grant it,'U^1 ^^t
^j^ J-*yJ ftUaJ ^ tZ^j} •
-» ».
POS
(877 5
POV
lily, ^\L^i\jSA) hibuktr al imhdn,
«l U^Mlia. See Perhaps,
(letter carrier), iia^y poita, (J^l^
jyJ^\ hdmtlal mMnb, sjj^\ J/«U.
mil al waraka. See Courier, Mes-
ager. — (sitaation), ^;tL^ makdnf
^ymawda^f^.s^niahdU. See Seat,
wition. — (a military Station), J^tf^
mfi\ mahaU al ^atkar. An advanced
st, jH^tMifW ^ JJU mukaddamat al ^at-
r, lUjib tall^al, A poet (employ-
mt), £^J^ khudmat, i^m»n\ ^ man-
b. See Office, Dignity. — (a piece of
nber set erect), JJ^ watad (pi. jUj^
itdd). Posty 4iujy pata.
erior, J^ 5tf^i?,^*lx^iiiu^i&AibAtr,
-T akhir. See After, Pollowing.
eriority,^£L'lJ taakhkhyr.
mtjf Sij\ awlddf Jw nasi, i^jLw
7/41/*. See Descendants. [M^Alr.
^m, «. (small gate), jjjLi^ c^lj bdh
•haste, sia^yj^\ djjsf ^jalai al posia.
» Haste. [jpofto.
fa one, f. aL^^I (^^"''^ ^^^'^ ^
horses, relays of post-horses, J^f^
.$«J^ k^ilalposta.
house, $, ^da^iy j9O«(0.
master, *. ^^^. ^/T^y. po*^fi
hi, ^do^jJl c,,><fwLtf «dAi^ alposta,
ieridian,^^t J^ ha^d al smAt.
office, iL^y posta. See Post-hoase.
one, v.j:>A akhkhar, uJijI airA^/,
#^ amhal.
tript, «. LL^^ nudhakat (pi.
^^«=^ suiiA^iAdO, Jbj soy/ (pi.
gi jB^yA/), ^LmII^ kdihiyah.
Postulate, postulatam, postnlation (as-
sumption without proof), JJ J lb 1^ J
da^d hUd dalll.
Posture, £iU- hdlat, JU- hal The
posture of affairs, j^ytji\jy»\ Jl>- Ad/
umUr al ^umUtn.
Pot, «. */^ tanjara, or ^y^cLL tanjara ;
(a drinking cup), ^\^ kd$ah.
Potable, i>^9jL^ tikuhroh (pi. i:L^\j^jJM^
fnashf^hat). See Drinkable.
Pot-ash, j\^j ramdd.
Pot-bellied, ^JsJ ^ laho kinh.
Pot companion, <• ^*x} nadlm.
Potency, potentness, Jy kuwat, ijjj
kudrat, j\s:3\ iktid&r, ^ AaAr. See
Power, Influence. — (yigour), iy Aa-
wat, i^\^iy kUwat nSLtiyah. See
Force, Strength.
Potent, 4^y kawl, jjIj Adi/tV. See
Powerful, Strong, Forcible.
Potentate, ^ILLi mdtdn, C^^ malik,
etc. See Emperor, King, Monarch.
Potential, ^^S^a^ mumkin. See Possible.
Potently, i^jij tawran. See Powerfully.
Pot-herb, ifr^^^- kkudrat, C^lJ iu»Ad^
^^^fe^ hubiih. [sharhal.
gig
Potion, «. (medicinal draught), ^ *-^
Pottage, Vj^ «AorAd. See Broth, OraeL
Potter, t. ^^J^ fakhkhari.
Potter's clay, jlir*/aAAAAdr.
Pouch, 9. \.^.^*^jayh. See Pocket, Bag.
Poverty, jAJ/aAr. See IS^ecessity, Mean-
ness, Defect. — Poverty and old age
{lit. the two evils), ^j^i\ alamrdn.
Poverty is my glory (a saying of Mu-
hammad), ^^jS^jAsi] al fakr fakhri.
To reduce to poverty, jM aUx ^
malaho fakhr. See InlpoTerith. — PoTerty
causes the lostre of a man who was rich to
grow dim, like the brightneH of the setting
POW
ran, wbich becomes yellowneaa. If absent,
his name is not mentioned among mankind ;
and if present, he has no share in the cnioy-
ments of society. He walks in the market-
streets avoiding notice, and in solitary plaMS
he ponreth forth tears in abundance. By
the Almighty ! a man who has the misfor-
tone to become poor is nothing among his own
relations but a Btranger ! ^j:^\j^
Poultice, ^ lahhha. To poultice, la:*-
dLsCiS hat lahhha.
Poultry, jf^ tuyiir. See Fowl.
Pounce, c-^ii^ mihkldh. See Claw,
Talon. [Bray.
Pound, V. Ji> ^h. See Beat, Powder,
Pour, f . v^^ 9ab. See Stream, Flow ;
Scatter, Diffuse. To pour out water,
Ul-Xj sahib ma. And he wept
violently, ponring forth tears, and recited the
following verses, \^^^ \^, ^-^^
Poured, t-J|^Cu*^ nrnkah. To be poured,
(^.^JLyuJ\ insakah.
m
Pourer, «. c-^^ »aWJ.
Pouring, part «..^L» sdhih.
Powder, uJ^ 9ufaf, c-)}/ ^^^^' i^
ghahra. SeeDust.— Gunpowder,ci;^jU
Powder, v. (reduce to powder).
Powdered (ground small),
mashaJc. [h&nid.
Powder-mill, s. JjjU^ u^^ ^^^^ ^
mm
Power, ijJi kudrat, j^Jci^ iktiddr, iy
lULwat. See Strength, Ability; also
Command, Authority, Dominion, Help,
('878 ) POW
Influence.— '(vigour), l^ hysd,^f:>
^anfawdn. See Potency.— Tbe '/:w
of attraction, ijiW 5}5 kix^^
The repelling power, i«ib if ^
dafi^at. The power of mrdsu ••
KjS^ hiwai muharrikat. Tteifr
lectual power, il^ Jk-* i^ i*«* •
^Mtfl^. The power of imagianii'
fancy, jLi)\ 5j5 hMfot al tt^-
aLku!l 0/ mtiiifcAayyiZfl^. Th
ing or thinking power, ^^"^ iy »*
oJ t<7aAm. The power of menarj
Natural or inherent power, V i
ibltra^ ai«a%fl*. Animal v' -
powers, iJ^^-J^ ^^^ «/i»f* •* ^
tt?dmya<. The powers or sense cf
hody, ^S^\ ^^ ktwt^alhad^ ^
real powers, i^\^^ Jji fe^
ti^Antyaf. Possessed of power, y
ij^ sdhib hudral. See Povar.
Without power, J^jiL Wa ^
See Powerless.— A powa (p^«^
^UaL «JWn. See King.— s^
force), iL^ ^oiifair. See Anr
power of people,^;-!^ ^^ri^
See Multitude.— 0 Kin^ of the Ar
the thing that I want thou art i>-
fonn, and it ii in thy power, at' ►^
in posaesdon of it. I do not inipc** \ •'
King a diflBlculty, nor am I mad, tto - -
ask of the King a thing that he » c
uT
accomplish, j;>-U. ^^\ ij^r ^'
a*^jii^^^^. But if =
Aise, I will hring againit thee feff«^^
thou hast not power to conteni -
prepare an answer to the qQemofi- <^*
the garment of death, iju^\ >>
PRA
(879)
PRA
CLL>. cl^^ ^\^ Cl^ Ji^
verfiil (strong, able), ,^yi ^tr!, ^jlS
Sitr, j\s:j\ (..^^.^^-Ltf «d^i^ iktidur.
'o be or become powerful, i^^J^
Ir kavcH. A powerful man, ^.^o-L^
^ jj iahih hudriU^J\i^\^*i sfl ikttddr,
kc.
rerfallj, j! Jci!^ l!y jCj Mio/ Hwai
^atktiddr, iyj hikHwai.
rerfdlness, ijSi kudrat, iy Hwat.
ee Power.
rerless, ijdHj^^^minghayrhuirat,
'^9 c/j*^ yoAirl. See Small-poz. —
-(venereal), 4^Xi>-1 ^--^i;^ /raȣ
hfnadi.
xiticable, ^jL%>^ mumkm. [m&U.
ctical, ^XibC ^mah, ^UjCmiI m^i^-
ctically, JUjcJUU htl isii^mdL
ctice (experience, use), JUjcu^t m-
'^fTid/, i^-A^ ^amal; (habit), irjLe
zi2<i/; (custom), i^j rasm.
ctise, «. f^AS' ^mal, f^Aja^\ uta^mal,
36 Perform, Execute, Do. — To prac-
se artifice, ^Ju»- J«4x ^nuU hllah.
o practise physic, J^ hakkam.
ctiser, practitioner, J^U ^dmal. See
erformer. Agent.
g^atical, ^lJlc ..j."*^ Aia^fr gkdUbah,
36 Impertinent, Intermeddling. — A
■agmatical fellow, ^y^ fudnlh
^matically, ^lLc d^M hikatirat gha*
hah.
196, Uj 9an&f^J^ $hukr, vjr^mJ na^^,
.iitf^ tt'tf^ (pL uJLi^l awsdf), Jb«^>>
HTM?, -. Jb« modA. The praise of Ood,
\\Jj:» ihukraUah. Praire be to Gk>d,
aJJ/^l aaJuhukr tOah, <dJ jL4Jt a/
hamd iUah, ^VaJ ^JJ j^ksM al hamd
iUaM ta^ala\ il^\^ SaJ\ ^dl tOaki al
hamd ical minnat, ^JiA^J^ hamdan
iUah, HeraiBedhiBeyes towards heaTen, saying,
Praise be to theei 0 Lord, 0 Creator, 0 giyer
of all good, Thou snppliest whom Thou wilt
without reckoning,'UyJt ^\ i^jo ^JJ
c-;L^^ 'UJ ^ jjy . But he
bad read in books that if any one attempt to
beguile the lion, he may be begged by him
with kind words and m rendered gentle by
praise, ^ ^ \^^\ ^\j Ai ^^
aKSU 9J^ ^H 4) cJuarl 2^1 cJU-
^^b^^^j
1
Praise, 9. ^j^^ hamad. To praise or re-
turn thanks to Gbd, i\l\^^JL ihdkar
aUah, ^\ ,f^ idbhah allah.
Praised, ,^^*^A^ mamdnh, i^yay^ maw*
iHf, Jyks^ fnahmUd, Ju^^^. hamid^
^mi<\n»^ muitahion, j^JSi^ nuuhkUr.
Praiser, 9. S^\^ hdmid, -.jU tnddihf
-.Ij^ madddhf L^La\j wdnf.
Praiseworthy, -Jl^JI c^.-^!^ wdjib al
madh, Jy^\ v.^^^ji«M^ mmtawjib al
hamd. See Laudable.
Prank, «. » -i***^ matkhara.
Prate, prattle, p. CXl r. ^a22ajfc. See
Chatter. [Talk,
Prate, prattle, CXLb ^ott. See Chat,
Prater, prattler, «. C^ ^<i7/^j(.
Pray, v. (make petition to heaven), ^L^
9alld\ 9/^ fiK^cirrag ; (to entreat),
fjM^t iltamoi. See Supplicate.
Prayer (to heaven), if^ ialut, If J dn^d ;
(submissive importunity), L>y r^'d,
_:^ tomanfif, ^jmUcJI Mimdt. See
Entreaty, Supplication.
PEE
(880)
PBS
Preach, v. )a^^ wa^«i.
Preacher, «. (Christian), )2u^) wa^\
(Mussulman), t^^^Vi'-^^ hhMh.
Preachment. See Sermon.
Preaching, «. loitj wa^^, )} kar%. Full
oft erents hare ronfled thee, but ttiou hast
sought to Blumber; and preacliing naa drawn
thee,but thou hast been refractory,uHt
Preamble, i«0^ mukaddanuU, irW-d^
dlhajat, iJa^ khwthat.
Precarious, j\J ^U malaho kardr, ^U
cl:\J mdlaho tabdt, cs^iU^ ^%»'
See Uncertain, Dependent.
Precariously, ti^LJy-i ^r* •^•* ^^^
sam,J^jij^ ^ min ghayr kardry
\a) h hUd hakd,
Precariousness,j^/Sy^ ^adamalkarar,
UJl /• J^ ^adam al hakd.
Precaution, CJ^J^Si iaddruk, tU^\ thti-
ydty ijifoi haslrat, ii\^\ intHdh, jij>-
]u(SMr. [See Warn, Advise.
Precaution, v. i^^UsJ j*i3 A»(Wflm i«mI/wi<.
Precede, v. (take rank, go before), ^^
takaddam. To precede in point of
time, j;--a wJai, v-iLi «flfo/.
Precedence, precedency, (•ilij takaddam,
ij\ju> 8addrat,j^ tasaddur. See
Superiority. ^
Precedent, preceding (foregoing), (•J^
«iwit(W^(?«OT, Jil-» <a**^. ^^ ««^*/-
See Tormer, Prior.
Precedent, s. JaJ^Sjj^*^ dasiur al ^a-
tnal, Jl^ masal. See Example. ^
Precedently, ^USa^ mw^(?e^«»<in, li
itffi?a»,^UuL sdhikan.
Precept, «. A*s-aJ »<MiA<i<,j^i «»»♦■» <'-«j
*i^ji&i-
Pieceptor, J*« ««j.flfl«»». <-J>*r«
rfiS. And the wiM iii«n hath »i Tte is-
iag inflicted by the precrotor b •». S«^
trSnely grieTOOs, but in the end it i. s»*»
than darifled honey, ^^-^\ J'* ■"-
tySAj Ju-dui H-** ''^^ *^''^^ "^i
Freoeauon, i*Sfc« ntukaddmet.
Precinot, <tlp-^ OdteA, jVjO <J9*'. r
Precious (ooeUy, valuable), ^^ «^^
jjjc £«s». u-s* "«/*•' wS*^ **>'^'
f&khir. See Dear, ValaaWe.-A?
doQs pearl, i-*J*J^ '«^«' "^
Precioos effects, ,^Uj iw/Sy* ^
loved thU pnng lady. I'^J"^)^.'"
loved this young lanj, ■•» "Jr*""',;,:
have described unto thee, with ei««h^^
so that he brought the tr«*w«jf H
other kings, and irith them boflt for te^
palaces, each of a particular ta^ , ^'
Was of crystal, the »e«>nd of imridt^^,
of the iron of China, the fourth of bb:*^-
precious stones, the fifth of onyi, the ^
saver, and the seventh of gold, ^^
^li3 \^j ^\ L-JU JA <«w V
Preciously, ^ fPrH *• «9*« H
i»J jL W*o^ ifel»«rf- Bee TataSI
Preciousness, i^J ifcl««^ See » '
Price, Valuableness.
Precipice, Liu*^ »i«W, J«?^ **"
JL^j^ wartah, t->H-«
Precipitance, precipitancy, pw«ip^
(haste), ^ J-^" ta^^h {^ ^
PKB
(881)
PSE
recipitation, preeipitating (throwing
headlong), kuib haht, or ]ffyJb huhuL
To attack with precipitation, _!Lc ^sf
kaham ^M,
recipitate, r. (throw headlong), )suib
hahhat To precipitate oneself (into
danger), JLsJ) cj ^l^ _^ mffM* hd-
laho fll khatar ; (to &11 headlong), kjb
recipitate, precipitous, precipitant
(hastj), J^^ ^'^h (imprudently
^^^ty)> j^f^ fmUahawwir. See Bash.
— (yiolent), Jij^\ jU- had al mtMdj.
recipitately, precipitantly,^ Jj h hUd
tadblr, ^Lsf' JG hikol ^jalah.
*ecifle (accurate, exact), ^^va^ tahih,
fj^\^ kdmd; (determined, definite,
limited), J^Ss^ tnahdud, ^j^^a^ tnu-
^ayyan; (formal, finical), t^^^r^-L^
L^i^UlC sahib idkdUufat. See Punc-
tilious.
ecisely (exactly), A^J J ^J^ Uhol dik-
hat\ (definitely), J^ Ju«^ ^c*.:^ hi
tato^in mahdud, ImdAj^j^ ^ min
'hayr murdja^ah, ^^^^^ ,J^ ^0^' 0/
'aJ^In ; (ceremoniously, formally), ^}ij
•ciseness, precision (exactness), d^^
thhat, Uj dtlikai, fjiti kamal ; (defi-
iteness), ^j.flnc^ tahklh. And enable
t by thy diTine help to express them with
eamess and precirioii, and guard ns from
ror in narration, and keep us from extrava-
incy even in pleaBantry, so that we may be
fe and secure from the criticism of sarcastic
n^aes, ij\ii\ ^Le ^le lb iJ JmmJj
lade, V. A^ haram, ^^ mana^
Precluded, (»^jS^ mahrUm, J^J^ moT'
dud, f^yi^^^^ mamnfL^ [iah.
Precognition, Aa^L« iijft^ ma^rifat idbi'
Preconceive, v. ^J*^\ ^j*^^j (Jf^ sabak
tea adrak Oihihy.
Precontract, 9. i^J^Lsl?^ short mukad-
dam, d^J^Ss^j\Ji\^)a^ short wo ikrdr
mtUakaddim. To precontract, tJi J^^x
Precursor, s.jJL^ muboshshirfjJj*ibosh\r,
See Forerunner.
Predal, predatory, Uaj yaghmd.
Predeceased, JJ c^j^^ mutawaffl kohl.
Predecessor, «. ujLSLi salif, i*JkL« mu-
kaddam, ^^Li «d^fi(. See Ancestor.
Predestinarian, «. (a believer in predes-
tination), -» Jus)b ti£sjL^ mu^takid hit
iakdlr; \^\^jS^\j jJcjut mu^kid
bil kadri walkada.
Predestination, j£ J^ tokdUr, jJjuiiS al
mukaddar, L^ kadd, ^,^on) nasib,
^4yyJ kismat. See Fate, Destiny.
Predestine, predestinate, v. ^ jJj kaddar
^Ao, ^Afij Jj kaddar ^alyih. And Thou
hast appointed unto Thj creatures what Thou
wilt, and what Thou haat predestined for them,
so that among them one is weary, and another
is at ease ; and one is prosperous, and another
is like me, in the extreme of fatigue and the
greatest abjection, ^ c:..^->»-C'v. jljj
(4^3 *V«- ^^ ^J^*^ (4^^ ^ ^
Predestinator (an attribute of Omnipo-
tence), jjX« mukaddir. The divine
predestinator of death, J^s^Jlj jJU mu-
kaddir al ajal.
Prede8tined,jJ^ mukaddar, j^J^ mak-
66
PBE
(882)
F£E
dur, J^y^maw^iid, Predestineddeath,
Predetermination, >*Jii^l J^j^\ al mu-
rdd al mutakaddim.
Predetermine, v, ^\ alham, ^\ 4^J^
i»AfcuH j\j^\ hada* ikf al murad al
muiakadditn.
Predetermined, jjL* mukarrar.
Predicament, i]\»-hdlat, JU- hdl, ^[Ji»
ihdn, >%lL« makdm. See Condition,
State, Degree, Glass. [karrtr.
Predicant (one that affirms), t^ mu-
Predicate (affirm), j|^^ J-4wc ^malikrdr.
Predicate (that which is affirmed of
anything, an adjective noun), ^^.^j
fffogf, ^JLa sifah. The subject and the
predicate, t^^|^ /♦•mJI al mukaddam
wal tdll.
Predication, j^^l ikrdrf «— ijyw ta^f.
Predict, v, j^\ atmar, tXcj wa^ad, ^c-f^
tanahha\
Predicted, ^^y maw^d.
Prediction, «. JU/a/, j\jjl tnsar, ds.y
maw^ad, JlCj wa^d, J^^ wa^id.
Predispose, v. j^»^ liaddar. See Prepare.
Predisposed, j^si^ muhaddar. See 'Pre-
pared, [ration.
Predisposition,^^;M^a^ tahdlr. See Prepa-
Predominance, hc>^\ iatuld, 'Lj^t istila,
i^^^Stu taghaUuh. See Superiority.
Predominant, %^U ghalib^ ^yu^^
mustawlt. See Superior, Prevalent.
Pre-eminence, aJJ^' takaddum, j^^p^\
imtiydZy \sc^\ uH^f %^\ uiila.
See Precedence, Superiority.
Pre-eminent, J*a3\ afdal,\\s>.^^ mumtat,
^ JJb^ mutakaddim, [^kahl al wakt.
Pre-establish, v, \.:l^^\ JL5 JLa ^ayyan
mi*
Pre-established, (.s^^^JJ^.
^ayyan kohl al waJU, [mukdimi,
Pre-establishment, aJl£^^^««xJ ihp
Pre-exist, JJ *^y^ mw€^ idL
Pre-existenoe, aJia^J^^ tn^'iiv-
kaddatH*
Preface, a. ^«xL« mMkaddamai, i^^
dihdjat, ^y^ ^anwdn. To pscb
<U(XL« J.4kC ^amal mukaddamet, ^.*:
Pre&cer, £^J^\ Jl^U ^SmtlWini^
Prefect, i, a^I^ Aditm, ^\^ rdii, .-•
ndEtr. See Gbvemor, Commando.
Prefecture, ^yl>- AtduivMi^. See Gr^
emment. Command.
Prefer, v. (give a preference), ^ ^
faddal ^M, ^PTj rajjaik. Thou r
ferest to hoard coin aboTe cherishii:;>
thoughts ; and thou choosest to rear t\^
rather than to dispense bounty ; asd '^&
' of being earnest for a guide to dire^ •
right, thou seekest only to have worldly '^
visions bestowed upon thee, uli ^
Preferable, ^jMk>-f o^n, i^^^^^
aJuLxII mtutawfib al takaddum, ^»
,^vs>*^t /aytX o^ ^tA. And he ^
to her, She threateneth me with sUr '
and forbiddeth my writing to her; be:'
write not to her, my death will be ^nirj
to my life, J:ia!L (jj^ \^\ U ^-
Preferableness, ^f^y tarfik.
Preference, aJJu takaddam, m^^ ''
dim, f^J tarfik, J^r^ ^.^^^
'Preferment, ^jj tarakk^, \3jJ^ jt^-
See Promotion. — (a plaoe of hocs£'
PRE
(883)
PRE
profit), \^^,a\^ mansah, ^j^ marta-
hat. See Office, Dignity.
referred (considered more highly), i»JiJU«
faddal fjtla\ Jewelled gifts are dearer to thy
heart than the times of prayer, and lavish ex*
pense in dowers is preferred hy thee to alms-
giving, lIXAaj J^\ Cl^Ul Ci-^\^
refiz^ V. ^^^ nasab,
refix, 3, (a particle prefixed to words),
refized, <»JU.fl;^ mamilb.
refixion, prefixing, i^J^ takdlm, /^Jaj
takaddum,
regnancy, Jt»>- Aa&a/.
regnant, iX^ huhla\ To make preg-
nant, Jm»- habhal». See Impregnate.
To become pregnant, l::^L'w hiblat,
'ejudge, prejudicate, v, (decide without
information cr examination), ^^ ^»^
^.c^U^ ^;iai» mtn yAoyr ma
fafhaa.
ej adice,prej udic8tion(j udgment formed
nrithout examination), ^jas^ lb ^\j
'ay hUd tafahhus; (for or against),
— ^ nnnnl ia^asmb ; (in favour of), J^
»ay/; (against), ^jl^^^ tawauan ;
detriment), j^ (^eirar, a[;L*£k. i^^
dra. See Mischief, Hurt, Injury,
)amage.
^judice, r. (injure), y^ dar. See Im-
lair. Hurt. — To prejudice (for or
igainst), J^j\ }\ i^'^^nn'f ta^MMhUa^
«7 <?iif ; (in fftvonr of), ^Jl JU hm!/
gudiced (for), ^\ i^^*nr\^ muta^M-
ib f2a' ; (against), ^^aicl^ muianaffir
min ; (in favour of)^ JjU tndyl, ^^\;
rd^A«5.
Prejudicial, y«^ mtidirr, Ju«X« mufiid.
See Injurious, Detrimental, Hurtful;
Contrary, Opposite.
Prelection. See Reading, Lecture.
Preliminary, 8. i^tXLt mukaddamat.
Preliminary, adj, |*Ju^ mukaddam.
Prelude, «. preludium, <UJ^ mtfJS;ai^
Premature, tJi^jSt J^ ib3/ a/ waht.
Prematurely, (j:^^1 J.J ib^/ al wakt.
Prematureness,. ^Ls^\ ij^ kasartU al
^jalat.
Premeditate, v, tJ^'l>^JIf«« »dbdk tea
taammal, JuoaJ takaisad,j^] admar.
Premeditated, Ju3i£« muktasad, *^asji^
dJuc mM^i^amoi^ ^alayhi.
Premeditation, ^ niya^, J^/t *ljf taammtd,
JudS ^i, (ji^jll J^ ^^\j ray kabldl
wakt. See Design. — Without pre-
meditation, Ju4ju^^ ^^y minghayr to-
^mmud. With premeditation, tX^jCj
hita^ammud, \j^ kasdan. To speak
with premeditation, ^*\sj tS^ kaka^
bttaammul. ' [ister.
Premier. See First, Chief; Prime Min-
Premio, y^^y premio.
Premises (propositions), cI^L«jX« mu-
kaddamdt, cTjUaaJ takaddumdt. Tin-
questionable premises, lUL**.^ cl^ U SL«
mukaddamat mttsallamah. Premises
(houses and lands), j\a£. ^kdr (pi.
djljUf ^aildrd^).
Premium, jflJ^yLJl JuJ himat oistkHr'
tdh. See Compensation, Beward.
Premonition, i^^ noiihat.
Premonitory, ^<«^ nashi.
Preparation, cl^ljJ taddruk, jLsL^t
PBE
(884)
PBE
Utihdart j\jjc>^\ uii^d, J;*^ tak^
mil. See ProTision, Apparatus, Compodtioii.
— And be ordered his ministers of state to pre-
pare themselves for the joomej, and to get
ready his luggage and everything which might
be required in such a dreumstanoe, and ac-
«ordingly they oommenced the preparations,
Preparative, preparatory, 4^l^l^Uil m>
tihdiri.
PreparatiTely, oljjdb hi itti^ddd.
Prepare, v. ,»a^ haddar. And be lias
been with me two years, separated from his
country ; it is my desire, therefore, that we
should prepare for him merchandise, that he
may depart with satisfaction in his heart.
Prepared, U^^ muhayffd,jJLsr^ tnuhaddar,
jjL^ mu^,j0^\»^ hddir, Jjtfu*^ mus'
ta^id. See Eeady. [rutttb.
Preparer, «. f^s^ mukaddir, \^^f^ mtf-
Prepense. See Premeditated.
Preponderance, preponderation, 'r^j
Preponderate, v, ^j rajjah.
Preposition, 9. *— i^ ^f'
Prepossess, 9. (impress with prejudices),
jjyl assar fi. See Prejudice.
Prepossession. See Prejudice, Prejudi-
cation.
Preposterous (topsy-turvey), l^^IS^
maklub, ^jM^ijL^ tna-^kus, ^j^^^L^ man^
kui. See Absurd, Foolish, Eidiculous.
Preposterously, ^ytSji\i htl^ak8,i^9jiA^\i
htlmaklnh,
Preposterousness, ^j^Xc ^aki.
Prepuce, t— olx ghalafy XaLc ghulfat,
l^resage, presagement, ^^X^ hihwU (pi.
fM^\ ahkdm), Jli y^ See Oao,
Prognostic. — To presage, (JVsu.;^
darab flih See Prognostic.
Presbyter, «. ^\^ h&hm, ;^ dimfik
Prescience, l^i ijwH Jlc ^tZsi ml gkfi
Jhu ta^akhd. See Foresigbt
Prescient, presdoos, v^ -.j.irt^ Jl^ ^aSmt.
ghayh To be prescient, J^ju ts^jHd
Prescribe, v, (order, direct), jJ^j^j
rasam. See Command. — ^To presmix
as a physician, i^^A^^ wataf. To "pr
scribe bounds, J^ Jls)1 ^^ ^n^ ^
hudUd, iy^Ss^\ JJ^ haddad al kmiU
Prescribed, prescript, ^ (^^"^^ mfaiixm
hihif ^^^i^ mafrnd, My^y
At the term presoribedi 43^«X£^\ jkx^
hiXhjod 4d fnahdad.
Prescription, prescript (precept, mcdei
iftX£.\j kd^idahj ^ rmtm (pi. /»j*-^«r>
mm), ^U rdhftah (pi. ^^^j rmcoi^
See Order. — (ancient custom), iS^
<iLa.cx ^dd(U ^Ukah. A medie^
prescription, *-Xs)^ isufj wtufii <
hak^m.
Presence (state of being present), ^c^
wujud, jy^^- hudiir, 5jmd»^ hak^
(pi. ll:\j,^2s^ hadrat) ; (air, demai
our),^ mnar, i^^ wajk, 8ee3Ci:i
Port. — The presence of Gkxi, ili^ J*?-.
wujUd allah. The presence of a kk:
...UaLJl -Aff^ fMthdar auuUdn, Tit
presence chamber, aUJI ^^j£J ii»*>
al cdiTi.
Present (not absent),^U. hddir, ^^f
mawjud. To be present, -^U^^
kan hddir. Present (not past, bo:
future), JUJ| aihdl,j^\^\ viJ^' *
FBE
(885)
PRE
calt al h&dir; (at hand, read7),^l>-
^ddir, Cf« muhaysfd, ojl^ mu^. See
Prepared. — The present, time presenty
^:^^\\dJb hoMdalfaaJd. Thepresent
ensei^Wl ai h6dir. At preaenty
,Ji\ aldn. See Now. — The present
lay, ^jJ! at ffowm, /^^\ \jJb Hmo. ai
fawm. To the present day, \jJb ^\
Ji\ Ha* hata aldn. Present or ready
aoney, v/«Xfl3 nakdf.
saent, s. ifi^Lrc^ hakhahUh, ^JJb ha-
Jiyat, A present to bribe a jadge, i^j
ashwat» .Set Bribe.— For what reason hart
hoa presented to me thia presept F Tell me
hine affair, and acquaint me with thy want ;
nd if I be able to perform it, I will perform
t for thee thia moment, without placinf tiiee
nder the necesnty of wearying thyielf,
^J1i:Xj>-^n/!IU. And
he said, 0 my son, I desire of thee the present
>r the good tidingflh When I heua these
rords my soul retomed to my body, and I
eplied, Thou shalt reoeiye firom me eyerything
bat is good, CX!;^ Jjjt c/J^j Ij (j:^\jj
isent (make a present), ^JLnc^ hakh-
lash, C;^^j wahab, LtXIb ^J^^ ^^^
adiytU, See Offer, Give. — ^To present
aeself (before another), yia»» heder,
ee Appear. — ^To present a complaint,
>\iJi» d^*X3 iaddam ihahdyat,
sentation, ^^jt ^nrJ, an» JiJ iakdim.
sented, i<^t« mu^, 4^«Xf« muhda\
«AA^ mukaddam. [See GKyer.
senter, «. ^)m^ mm^d, w^*^^ mnAti.
B^ntly (immediately), ]IL»- Adflois.
ee Present.
Preserration, ua». Aa/!^ ^LUiW* mu^-
faaatf Aj\^ siydtkU, <uUi>> hitndyat,
LAj^ hirdioi,
"FreBexve, v. )ai>^ hafaii, l/*"^ hama*,
^l^ fSn. To preserve fruits, etc.,
^^ J4x ^iMHo^ fMi/rahhd, See Con-
feet.— ^pickle), (jl^ (J«4X ^arnoZ vm-
khallal. Then he drew near to her aad said.
May heaven avert and angels preserve thy
fiither from beii^ afflicted with evil on thy
acooont! cJL&U. l^ jUj yi ^^Sj ^
Breserye, a. (fruits preserved with honey,
sagar, etc.), ^^^ mmra!bha\ ^yf^
macjun. See Confect.
Preserved, lyi*^ ma^fls, {j>*yj^^ »wA-
rfi«. See Defended. — (as froits),
TresGner, $. loil^- hdfigy kilor^ miiA^/^*
See Ghiardian. — A preserver of fruits,
etc., ij^j^ (J^lfi ^mal murabha\ See
Ck>nfectioner.
Pireside, v, jJu^lb ijjii ka^ hmadr.
Presidency, presidentship, j Ju^ aadr.
President, «. (^/m^j; rayyia, ^^tXs^\ \j^»^j
rayyii al majlia.
Press, V, (compress), Jh^ dayyak;
(squeeze), ^jos- ^asa. To press upon
in battle, 4^ hajdm. See Assault,
Attack. — (to blockade), j^a^ haaar,
jfc\»^ hdaar. See Besiege. r-Then she
descended frx>m the tree, and drew near to
him, and came to him, and embraced him»
pressing him to her bosom, and began to kiss
him, ijSSXJ^\ jy ^ tsJ^ L|J\ ^
Press, a, (for olives, grapes, etc.), i
ma^aarat.
Pressed (8queezed),jr^*dJt^ ma^r,j>aMji^
PEE
(886)
PB£
muH^Mtr. See Comprtsaed. — The
pressed juioe of fruit, ^Lor ^uidrat.
Pressed (closely besieged), jymA,^
Pressor, jLoc ^M«c2r.
Pressure, yid»- hatr \ (oppreasioni griey-
ance), 4^«^ ta^addl, j^ jawr, Jd?
%ulm,j^ hahr; (impression), ijflis. ^a-
Idmai, t^j fwm,^! omt (pi. jl?^ OBdr),
Presume, v. (suppose), ^J^y tawahham,
mCj %a^am. See Imagine, Hope.
Presumer, », (supposer), m£\j sd^tm.
Presumption (supposition), aI^J ca^m,
^j^^AoeT takhmin, J^ %ann,jyM tasaw-
wir, c\Ss>£\ t^tikddf jU:xf^ i^mad.
See Conjecture, Belief. — ^Presumption,
presumptuousness (arrogance),yIC ta^
hahhur, ij\jMD^ja8dratfj\S:i^\Ut%kbdr*
Presumptive (supposed), jy^^^-^ muta-
tawwir. Presumptive, presumptuous,
presuming, »f^^ mifUahaXhvr. See
Arrogant, Insolent.
Presumptuously, j 9/^ Ugfmr^r, See
Impudently, Arrogantiy.
Presuppose, v. i^^jJ' J-J u^ fwrad
kdbl auamdn. See Preconceive.
Presupposed, j^^jJ^ J-J u^^j^ nu^rUd
kdbl aaamdn.
Pretence, Xl<^ htlat, jSc ^uxr, ^JU
^at, JXj ta^Uid, See Excuse.—,
A weak pretence, JJlc JJuu ia^llul
^M, Pretence (claim), t^^*^ da^to(^.
See Pretension.
Pretend, v. (allege falsely, act hypo-
critically), (JJju ta^attal. See Peign.
— To pretend or lay claim to, |J-•^ft
kJ^ v/^^ ^anui/ da^wn^ t^'' ^-^
^;^ ^o/ffi miiu And the King was re«
m J 4
[t'
dining ; and when he head his w^ s£
his unde mentioning Mm and spcibs^ !«^
specting him, he pretended ihat he ws&a^^
and listened to their conversatian, ^^4
Pretender (daimer), ^
boaster), ^^^^ vMmda^.
Pretension (claim), t^ da^ :
da^t^f IcJ^ iddi^d.
Preterite (tense), ^^UH Jjo /J •
Preternatural, ^jlJ^j^ ^*«r ^;
Irregular.
Pretematurally, iJuJa!^ Jy^ iW i^*
Pretematoralnesa, uJlLa^^^^^*^*^
Pretext, Jtb^Jji ^tar te^il. Seeh
tence. — And if he allege as a peteit :< •
that he is a k^g, we are also kmgs, ^ '
sons of Idnn; and if he alleee as a qk^
us the loTdiness of his dangnter, t£r »
our sister is more lovely than she, ^-
Prettily, ^M JCj hiM hUf, i|;L-.-
hikol suurdfat
Prettiness, ^j;***^ &«», JU^^
Pretty, J,jAa.y«i»!f, fc-iJU Wi/ ^
Beautifiil, Elegant — (in some r-
sure), U J itot^^fln. See Somev^-
Tolerably.
Prevail, 1^. (to be i» ftwe or f*^
if jUSI t^lsr jU idrjdnd ^diti* •'
prevail or prevail over, v--Ji /^
PEE
(887)
PH
^ tafar. To prevail upon (indaoe),
pu.:i hma^ See Peraoade.
emailing, prevalent (victorioas), c^U
fhdieb, ^jiM^ muttawH, See Supe-
:ior; Powerfnl; Porcible. — (current),
^j\^ jdri, ^^y*^ iftmUmh See
Fashionable, Common, General,
evalence, i^Snj taghaUuh,!^] utild.
See Superiority. — (currency), ^\^j
rawdj.
-evalently, i^jj Jij hikolkudrat. See
Powerfully. — (currently, generally),
[^y%s> ^umUman, /^y^\ ^^ ^X^ \^
toafh al ^ttiitfim. See Fashionably,
revaricate, v. ^Jc hagha\ Jyi iM,
revarication, Xm^m.« tna^iyai^ ^Jo
revaricator, «. v/J^^cl^ muta^addlf ^^\e>^'
khdyin. [See Obstruct, Anticipate,
revent, v. ^:m« tnana^, u^j^ ta^drad.
revented, ^y^^w* mamnn^, Jj Ju*^ mof-
</tt J, JumX« imifiMMl. See Obstructed,
re venter, ^^ f»i4»»^, ^jo^lit^inM^Arfii^.
revention, ^:m« num^, ^Um» miimd-
9ia^0^, L/ir^ to^omft^. See Hindrance,
Obstruction, Anticipation.
reventional, preventing, preventive,
mjLt mdiit^, (jOj^Jf^ mu^rtd. See
Preventer.
revious, JJ kahl, J^iLi <dii2. Pre*
vious to this, \iJb J^ ^{ hoMd.
reviously, iJ kabhn, JJ ^ mm io^Z,
^L«pl JJI kabl anamdn.
rey (hunted or seijEod to be devoured),
<ayj; (plunder), Um yaghmd^
,^ gkanlmtU. See Booty, SpoO,
Bavage, Bapine.
rey, r. C/*:/^^ ifianu. See Eat, De-
vour.—To prey upon (rob, spoil), ^J-i^
UJu ^ama/ yaghmd. See Plunder.
Price, JuJi ibfma^, ^^^ aomaM, yK«0 n^r
(pL jUirft M^dr). See Bate, Value,
Estimation, Equivalent, Beward. — The
price of blood (compensation for mur-
der), hd diyat. See Mulct.—- Price
paid by a captive for liberty, \ji fidd
orfadd. See Bansom. — High price,
^U ^jAj toman ^dh. See Valuable,
Precious. — According to the current
or market price, jSutiS y^^^^^^y ^ja
^^jLbJI ^M mHjib Mst^ aljdri. "With*
out price, ^»y^^, hild taman. And
his goods are in our charge, to we denre to
sell tiiem, and to take a oertiflcate of their
price, in order to conrey it to hu family,
^^^
Prick, V. (pierce with a small puncture),
^jtussTnakhM, See Pierce, Sting, Qoad,
Spur.
Prick, $. ijasT nakhaat. See Puncture.
Pricked, J aicu numkhUM, See Pierced.
Pricker, «. (sharp instrument), jJsL^
tnankhM, See Piercer, Bodkin, Awl.
Prickle, «. il^ eunhtdai (pi. JjU«i
sandhil), iiyJL ihawkat. See Thorn.
Pride, ^.I-CJ takabhur, ^j^ lihriyd,
jLismi] uiikidr, aLu ia^auum. See
Vanity, Ineolence, Loftinees, Eleration, Of-
tentation, Decoration, Splendour.— 0 moat
ignorant of the beaata of prey, and most atnpid
of the wild beasts, hast then forgotten thy
haughtiness and insolence and pride, and thy
disregarding the rights of companionship, aod
thy iUMtaimng from being advised by the say-
ing of the poet? ^\^ * ftl-*JI J^^r'^
♦ ^*
PBI
(888)
PW
Prieet, «. ^jib\^ idhm, ^j-JIi hisHs.
Priesthood (offloe of priest),
kusHiiyai, Cl>y^ lahnitt
Primacy, ^«J^ mukaddanuU.
Primarily, i^\ awwalan, iljJ^ J fll
Primarineas, JJ\ Oil IbidaytU,
Primary, ^X^\ ath. See First, Original.
Primate, «. (chief ecclesiastio), ^^'^^'^
sadr addln.
Prime (chief, most excellent), ^X^\ ash,
cJ^\ ashraf, J-ai\ afdal See Best,
Principal, Excellent, Original, Pirst;
Early, Blooming.
Prime, t. ^L.^ it^h. See Dawn. —
The prime or best part, ^^ ^oyn.
The prime of life, c^U^t u^.^
^anfawdn oihshdbdh. Prime cost, J^\
Ia>^\ obI al kimai.
Primeval, primevous, primitive (ancient),
^ Jj kadifn, fj^ ^atlh. See Original.
Primitive. See Formal, Precise, Solemn,
Grave.
Primitively (originally, at first), U*xL«
mukaddamanf j^i awwalan.
Primitiveness, f^i^t^\ Jl»- hdl al kadim.
See Formality, Preciseness, Gravity,
Simplicity.
Primogenial (first-bom), jCj hihr. See
Primary, Original, Elemental.
Primogeniture, ^j^, hukUriyat.
Primordial, Jjl awtcal. See Original.
Prince, #. (sovereign), ^^UaL* ttdtdn,
klJx^ malik,j*^\ amir. See Emperor,
King.— (the son of a king), diUl ^\
ibn al ntalik. There was, in the time of the
Khaleefeh, the Prince of the Faithful, Haroon
Errashid, in the city of Bagdad, a man called
Esaindibad the Porter, ^^^J ; \J
jb*^\ ^ JI54 i>rj ^^^. ^:^
J-
Princedom, I«/^ iWhlMtf^. SeeFnat
pality*
Princess, f. (a woman faaviog wterer
command), ^Xl« indUkai, ^^
atdtdnat; (a king's d«aghter),c-
CL<U1 &«ii^ al maia.
Principal, ^\ a$n, jUx^ fmdUL y
Ghie^ Capital, Essential.
Principal, «. (a chief), ij»^j ''W* *
Chief, Leader, President, Gora»jr.-
A principal or principal sum, JW' v^
rd8 dl mdh
Principality, «. iju9^ amdrat. ^
Sovereignty, Kingdom, Prorince; ^
dominance.
Principally,^U^«as^ kkuiiUan.
Principle (element), j^aUC' ^wuv ]
jjc^ ^ndsir) ; (original cause). ^.
asl, jJmx^ moidar. See OrigKi-
(motive), t^^.^^ wbab, ci^b U:.^-
(tenet), t--^J^«MW*<i*. SeeOiKE:^
Print, «. ^^ ^a^. See Mark, Impes
Print, •. j^ te&»^. See Mark, IbF
eion. — The print of a fbot,y' «■"•
Prior, •. (of a monastery), ^J^}^ \r.
roffi amMdn, See Abbot.
Prior, j»JJl akdavh |*3is^ sMrfaWfi*
Priority, /^^ takaddum. See Antiqer
Precedence.
Priory. See Abbey. [***
Prism, ^yuuJL^ months (pL^^Lt •''^
Prison, t, u'»f^ h^» 4^;^ •^•
Prison, V. (^/--^ *flft«. See Impni*
Prisoner, «. ^^--t^ «rfr, tTJi"*^ ■**^*^
^^ff***^ mo^f an. A priaoner rf "^
t-^y»- -^\ atlr karh. See Captim
FBI
(889)
PEO
'ristine, ^X^\ oiti^ fji\^ idhitf aJOJ
kadlm. See Ancient, Former, OriginaL
MvBoy (retirement), i^\j>^ Ihalwai;
(state of being secret), U:^! M/d ; (a
place of retirement), i^^ ihalwai.
See Secrecy, Frivitj; Betreat.
^riyate {9lone),Jk>^^mutawahhid,Jjis^
mutafarrid; (secret), iJ^ muihfi,
jfMu% ifUM^fir ; (not pnblic, particular),
yj^^}M%y ^yojB^ maklwilA. Private
effects, X^U^ \}^y^ amwdl khdsat. A
priTate apartment, ;>LMa^. See
Privacy.
^vately (secretly), i^ tirran. Privately
and publicly, j^-f^^ U«« tirran wa
jaharan,
riration, i^iXe ^adam^ f\iix\ i^idm^
v,^ ^^ talb. See Deprivation, De-
position, Degradation,
rirative, i»^Li sdlib, ^Jj^ mu^m. A
privative particle, ^^Jlmj uJ^ Aof/foi^.
rivilege, m.lzj \j laraatfii\j\x^ mu^fdh,
j^ji^^^^mansMr. See Immunity, Patent,
rivilege, v. uJlit^ ^Lui ^amalaho mu^df,
rivileged,i^\K^mu^df. See Exempted.
rivity(con8cioasneBs),j^ifcAa&ir, ^i^t
ri vy (conscious),^^ ij^y ma^ho khahar,
Jig i^m\^ wdhif ^Mf lJx ^ix«
fnuttali^ ^aU. Privy to a secret,
^Z^S Jfiv.lj ddhkil auir. A privy
coancillor,^J^ mudahUr^ jlj^ waalr.
Privy-purse, ^Is^l J^^^ amwdl ai
JkhAudh.
-iv7» f. aJIcL f^S\ adab khdna. A
public privy, ^Qj.;^ ionl/l A cleanser
3f priviesy AiU>. ^^JJ1 Jj*^ «im^iissi7
i^e, «. ^JO^ ^awad. See Reward,
Premium.<^booty), <l4g:>f ghanxmai.
See Plunder.
Prize, V. jLusf dd Ji4X ^amoZ Jo^ i^ibdr.
See Esteem, Bate, Yalue.
Prized (esteemed), ^^^iM^ mu^iaiaTf /^J^
mukarram.
Prize-figbter, t. ^1^ SaAiai^dn.
ProbabiUty, JUoa-l «A^tmd7, ^liL«f
tmtofi. See Possibility.
Probable, fJ^4S>M:^ muhtofnal.
Probably, JU&».f J^ Uiol iktimdh
f^AS^ ffuhiamal.
Probation, JJo dalll, ^Uy hurh&n,
CL^UI M^d^, ^Ul«l imtihan. See
Proof, Trial, Examination ; Noviciate.
Probatum est, u^-^lj t^^/ti^.
Probity, ^U1 amdfkU, uJLa}t tiM^/l
Problem, t. jCuL^ nuuhial.
Problematical,4U:Lu*^ mu»htahah,i£j[u^ ij
hihi mundta^t, ^jLs^jtx, ghayr mU'
hakkak. See Uncertain, Doubtftil, Dis-
putable.
Problematically, ^jJli 1L h%ld gakin.
Proboscis, (^j^js^ khartam. See Snout,
Nose.
Procedure, ZX«U^ mu^malai, di^
iuluk. See Management, Progress,
Proceeding.
Proceed, v. ^Ic ^jf J ddwam ^ala\jAsJ{
^ir Utamar ^aia\ See (xo, Pass,
Advance.— (to act, transact), ^}aa
^nud. To proceed against one at law,
^]j rd/a^, lJ^i5**^' inda^a^ ^aU.
Proceed, proceeds, ji^U- AdWZ. Net pro-
.ceeds, ^U #4/!. See Produce.
Proceeding, part. joU 9ddir, Jf^ n* -f
mmiSMtX; (transaction), J^ix ^oma/.
See Procedure, Process.
Process. Aj^ ^anud. isT^^ matlahat.
PRO
(800)
FBO
/ .
See Proceeding, Progrees. — A proceBs
at law, ^LLfU^ mu^malai, ^u^ai kadi-
yat, ^^^(3 da^a* or t^J da^wd.
Process (method, management),
tarM, |*Ua3 nkdm.
Procession, s, Hj^d dawra. To make a
procession, »;^ J Ji4x ^amdl dawra.
Proclaim, p. ^^JlJ ndda\ j^\ athhar.
Proclaimed, ^ (^«3^ mundda* hih*.
Prodaimer, t . ijc\i>^ munddl.
Proclamation, jl^\ uhMr, ^Ji£\ i^n,
ir^jL^ mandddh. Afterwards he used
to ride to the chaae and hunting, and to go
about through the citiefl and proTinces that
were under nis rule, making proclamation of
safetj and security, and doing as do the kings,
J«ij c^^?^^!^ J^^^. s^*>W.^ ^^^^
Proconsul, JmaiSSI i-^l3 naff^alkumul.
Proorastinate,9.^t akhkhar, Jjf ^awwak,
j^\j Ja,^ ^amal tdkhlr. See Defer,
Delay, Put off. [Dilatoriness.
Procrastination, j^ Ij idkhir. See Delay,
Procrastinator, J^y fnu-akhtr (Jj^
mutawwUf Jfib/* fmumahhU.
Procrastinated, />-y mH'okhar.
Procreate, v, ^ kawwan, jJj weled.
See Beget.
Procreated, ^^^^^ tnutakkawan, t^^y
tnawlnd. To be procreated, jJy^ou^a/^.
Procreation, jJy tawUd, ^\:J tandttd.
Procreative, procreant, jJy« muwaUid,
Procreativeness, jJ^\ i^ kuwat attawtld,
Procreator, $. jJlj wdlid^ S^y muwaUid.
See Father.
Proctor, 9» J^ waklL See Procurator.
— A proctor at law, \j£ jil ^J-^j wakll
'Ma^wd,
Proctorship, ^l^ toakdki.
Prooorahle, J*^^ ytUahautL
Procuracy. See Management.
Procurator, <. J«^ imiiil, ^L« Mie*
«Aw', ^y«'^ ffia-0Hlr. See Manags.-
A procurator-general, (jilr^ J^^ iw^
Procure, r. J.i>- Aomo^, Jl3 nd/. Se
Obtain, Gkiiu, Acquire, Manage, Ox-
trive; Persuade. [Obtmei
Procured, J-o^^ muhasiod. See Giivi
Procurement, procuration, i^yosCUk^
^]yj>^ huiiil. See Acquisition.
mmnf, ji
Prodigal,
Prodigality, uJ]^\ wrd/.
Prodigally, uJ|^^ J^ hthd itrdf.
Prodigious, c-^^ t*!^^» S-'i^ t^
See Wonderful, Amazing, Monstn^
Prodigiously, t,,..^.;^^ c^ frt j
Prodigy, «. u;.^ t*!^'^, Cr-i W*^ .
^qfab al ^dy%b, L^ f^fihd j.
c^ls^ ^q;dyt}> ci^USb ^tddmai
Produce, v, (bring to view or m(^
A^ kaddam,j^ asdar. To prodr
proof, iZJU)\ AtX3 kaddam Mdi, ^;
dbrm. See Prove.
Produce (whatever anything yidd^ *
fruits, grain, etc.), J-*lr^ ^
J^ofifls^ mit^/; (emolument), j-*
fw/^, if Jwli fdyidaty htk^ ma^^i-:
See Qain, Profit, Amount; Fruit.
Produced (offered to view), *>^y •*
jadyjjj^ «Mi5r6s; (generated), ^
mawUid,
Production, ^^^^ iahufin, Sisf} '^
j\dJ\ isddr, j\j3\ Ordi; (a hsac
composition), ujLi.a7(«mi/t ^^ "^
PEO
(891)
PRO
TroducfiyefSiymwffallid. SeeC^eatiye,
Efficient, Fruitful.
Proem, 8. ^LjJ dlb&jat, A^«Va^ mu-
kaddamat. See Prefeuse. [ti§dnU.
E*rofanation, ^,m j ^\J tanjls, (jmnJjJ
Profme, ,^y^ J dunyoMl, See Irreverent,
Polluted, Wicked. [See Pollute.
Profane, v. {j**-^ noj^'as, ^^ J dannas.
Profanely, (^\p>^^ ^ hUd ihtirdm.
E^rofaneness, /J\ji^\ /^Sc ^adamalihti'
rdm. See Irreverence, Wickedness.
Profess, V. j^\ asthar, ^*i^\ inda^.
See Acknowledge, Confess, Own, De-
clare.— To profess friendship, j-^\
<lZ^I aahar al tnuhabhaL
Professedly, I^U? zdhiran.
Profession, g. (calling), J\^ idr, iij^
hirfaty ix^ aan^at See Art, Occupa-
tion, Tocation.— (dedaration), (— ii yu
t^trdf. A profession of fledth or be-
lief, if Jlfl $hahddat.
^rofeesor, ». (public teacher), (jmjJ^
tnudarrii, Jjl^ mu^alUm. To give
public lectures as a professor, i/^t3
darroB, [posal.
'roffer, ^JiJ tahdlm. See Offer, Pro-
roffer, r. ^Jj haddam. See Offer,
Propose,
roffered, m^xSl^ mukaddtm.
rofTerer, m^ja^ mukaddim.
roficiency (improvement in learning,
etc.), \ajj\ irtikd, clcJ\ iniifli^. See
Progress.
mm
roficient, 4. ^y/^ muiarakJ^,
roOle, d>-jl1uji^ na»f al wqfh; (a
likeness in), ^^\ imJuaUj ifjlyoS tat-
totrah hi naif dl wqfh.
Profit, idAi fayidaty ^o naf^^ hdx^
fnanfa^at, c\scj\ intifd^. See Oain,
Advantage, Advancement, Improve-
ment.
Profit, V, (gain, advantage), ^oj\ inta-
fa^; (to give advantage), wa} naffa^.
Dost tboa think that thy state will profit thee
when the time of thy departure shall visit
thee P or that thy riches will save thee when
thy deeds shall damn thee? ^^\ f^j^\
i^^^^MMl
Profitable, Jua^ mu/ld. [See Profit.
Profitableness, isAifdytdai, ij\s\ifdd(U.
Profitably, if JjU J^ hiiolfdyidat, ^^yj
Jui^ iifiaw^n mu/ld.
Profitless, isAih hUdfdyidai.
Profiigate, ^jj^ fdiih, ^\i fdjiry Ju.»li
fdiidfjijJ^ ikarf^r, ^JJit ihaki. See
Shameless, Wicked.
Profligate, i'^^fdjiTf j^y* mvuiwwir.
See Scoundrel, Villain.
Profligateness, profligacy, jLui fa$dd,
jJU shar. See Wickedness, Yillany. —
How long wilt thou persevere in delusion, and
relish the pasture of oppvession ? How looff
wilt thou oe extreme in thy contumacy, ana
persist unceasingly in thy profligacy ?i»llt
Profound, (J^^ ^amUk, See Beep. —
(most learned), AA a^m, ,J^\afdal.
Profoundly (deeply), Jh^^aj JJo hikoi
ia^mmdk. See Deeply.
Profoundness, profundity (depth), Jh«^
^amukf %yhyhawr\ (great knowledge),
Jjill i^ kaaarat al ^pm.
Profuse (prodigal), jJu*-^ mnAaiuiir
PBO
(892)
FBO
)miurif\ (abaonding)y«2;^iMir.
See Flentifol, Abandant.
ProftiBeoeflBy proftuion (prodigality),
^\jjy wrdf.
Frofunon (abondanoe), i^ humroi.
Progenitor. See Fore&ther, Aneeator.
Fn^geny, J«J nad^ Si^ awlad, i^.jm)
ikuah, J^\ Oil, Lj3 mrriyal. See
OfBspriBgy Generation, Bace.
Prognosticate, 9. ^^^ tanMt^^ J^J
tafawwdl. See Foretell, Predict— To
prognosticate from the stars, s^f^ najfam.
Prognostication, prognostic, ^}\ifitl, s^y
nuHff^ad. See Prediction, Omen. —
The prognostications of astrologers,
aI^I oMidm. Skilfnl in the prog-
nostics of the staiBy Jbt« *ssx« munaj-
Jim mdhtr.
Prognosticator, «. a^^U immaj^m, ^ci
JU fattahfaJ. See Astrologer.
Progress, progression, -.t^jcud\ uiidrdj,
^jJJ iadrij, J Lit Mdl See Pas-
sage.— (advancement in knowledge),
tddih. A remarkable progress (in any-
thing)y JLSl ikhdl, jy^ mahur, A
progress (circuit, procession, journey),
d^^ Mf/oi, (jljo tarikfj^ BoyTyyua
Mfar. [iitidrajl.
FrogresBiye, progressional, ^^^\jds^\
Progres8iyely,<^«Ocllj5«^iM{rf;,«'\;Jc^
hi isftdrdj, [Progress.
FrogressiTenesSy ^\j^SmA utidrdj. See
Prohibit, v. ^^ mana^, ^^3 fkihd, m^
harramf jfijO^fjA-c ^mmdiahrlm. See
Forbid, Debar, Hinder, Check.
Prohibited, ^^s*'*^ mamnUct Axe^^^:^/*
^^ mynki^ ^anno, ^js^ muharram. Any-
Tbap
prohibited,
pfobibited, ^c^^y
Prohibitor, f-^^ wtdmi^ ^U Mii^
Prohibition, ^Im* smm^ cUs^t MiL
ProhibitMy, ,^^«:^ sMm^i, ^^ t»
rfmi. See Pn>hibitor.
Project, 9. (ocmtriye), 9^^^^ ilW«v.
cjsj\ ibiada^. See Fonn, Flan, SdMK
—(jut out), ^ cJ^^ «*w/ 1^'
(cast forward), ^J9 tarak.
Fhyject, t. j-iJJ iadblr, ^Jsj\ **;
^^1 OU^^ kiAj^\ M&u Ss
ComtriTsnoe, Scheme, Plu, InTOntioo.— W^
then has hajipeBed to fliy Teaaon (tad vt^
has afflicted it), and nrged tiiee to this st-
strooB project and great peril, that tLn -^
mandest in marriage the danghten d o?
(and ihoae kings) who poasess ezteBKTe ]r-
Tinoes, and immense countries? a.*
Projectile (impelled fbrward), uJ«J^
mahd^f. A projectile (anything Uuo^
forward), ^^.^mttrsia'.
Projecting, f. (scheming), ^JJ U^-
See Project — (jutting out), i*A&J tf*
Jbd(d(Mifi.
Projection (shooting forwards), ^J^^^
See Projecture. — (delineatioii), 0^,
rtum, LfiL ikatttj^ia^ te^> ^
Plan, Project. [^
Projector,*, c Ju/t MtiMii^, Pj^^"*^
Ph>jecture (a jutting out), ^jiJ Ub^
PEO
(893)
PRO
dum. See Projection. — A projecture
befoie a house (as a balcony, pent-
house, etc.), jlji^ rawdk. See Balcony,
Porch, Portico.
Prolegomena, itfiC^li/d^t^A. See Preface.
?roleptical. See Antecedent, Previous.
Prolific, ^<L)Uj tandsuli, J««»U:d) ^Jcj
yanfa^ lU (andnd. See Productiye,
Fmitftd, Pregnant.
Prolix, Jjjb tatdl, J^k^ tmUaunoal,
iJ«dA^ mti/oMa/. See Long, Tedious,
Diffusive.
Prolixity, prolixness, J^ inl, ,JnnaKf
fi!i^\ tafAl (d kaldm, J^jbj tatwil.
*rolixly, Jj.aQ-Jlj Mtafsil, ILoa^ mufas"
talon. Prolixly and compendiously,
JUp-Htj J««aA2!li hUtafAl wal ifrndl
^rologue, «. ^L^«> dlhajat, ^Ji^ mu-
kaddamatf ^Js^M fdtihat.
^rolong, V. JJL taunpol. To prolong
the time, ^^Up^ Jyo taunoal anamdn.
Prolongation, jljc^l mtiddd, J^^
tatwih iS^\ itdht, J^ m. See
Delay.
Prolonged, JJla^ mutawtodl.
Prominence, ^UjjI irtifd^ See Pro-
tuberance. [c^Jk:^ munhadih.
Eminent, ^aJ^ mur^o/l^, Jjb 3dm,
Promiscuous, )aylJ:^ makhlat See
Mixed, Gonfosed, Undistinguished.
'lomiscuously, k^JLsr* ^^^ hkoqfhin
makhlut,
^romise, «. J^^ t^a^e^, J^ kawl, «Xfu
ta^hhud, Scyt tnaw^ad, jU^ ml^di.
According to promise, AcJl ^_-iv^
hasah al toa^. The performance of a
promise, «Xcjl\ aUjI ti^dm a/ f^0&<7.
To perform a promise, J^fijll _9^ tc?a/Si'
o^ va^i^. To break a promise, ^^U^
Jx^f khdn alwa^d. And if thou have
to choose between a mite ready to hand and
the finest pearl that is only promiBed to thee,
choose that which is ready to hand, and prefer
the present to the fature ; for delays often occa-
sion disappointments, and determinations are
always liable to TaciDatlonB; too often pro*
mises are followed by procrastinations, and
obstacles interrene between them and their
fulfilment,* if 4)^fti^ Sj*i^^LZJ^j^\j\^
♦ O^UI^^lJl ^li • Judl Jx ^^\
Promise, v. Jo:* tca^, ^ j^ ta^hhad
laho. To promise too much, ^V f-'V
JlcjS\ hdlaghfil wa^. To promise to
one another, \^fXs\y iawd^adu.
Promised, <J|^^ maw^.
Promiser, $, J^l^ wd^, [^^l^ wd^id.
Promising,promissory (making apromise),
Promissorily, \j^^ wa^n.
Promontory, «. ^^\j rds.
Promote, v. (prefer), ^J, rakka*, ^jj
kaddam, ^j rafa^. See Elevate,
Exalt. — To promote to dignity* or
office, <UJy^ ^\ ^^a£. ^anuU laho maria-
hat, V,, -^»n\ ^ di ,j4x ^mal laho maniob
Promoted, ^Jf/^ mutarakkl, f-Ajy« mur-
tafi^. See Propagated.
Promoter, #. ^j^ murakki, cJJar* mu^
harrik. See Encourager.
Promotion, ^y tarakkl, \3jj\ triikd,
l#j^ iakaddum. See Preferment, En-
couragement, Exaltation.
Prompt (active), ^^^ «<in^,^Ui thdtir ;
(ready),^U^ hddn', Jucum^ miuta^ud.
See Beady, Acute.^-Prompt payment,
4^J^ nakdl. See Ready money.
Prompter, «. (monitor), laclj ira^ti, ^U
PRO
(894)
PEO
Promptitude, promptneas, Icj^ sur^at.
See Beadiness, Expedition. Quickness.
Promptly/XU- kalian, Iju^ wrltfln. See
Readily, Quickly, Expeditiously.
Promulgate, promulge, v. j^^ iuhhar,
Jff\ a%har. See Publish, Proclaim.
Promulgation, ^lfl\ whhdr, j\^\ Mdr.
See Publication.
Promulgated, j-J L- sh&f/i^, jy^^ '"^*"
Hr, ,f - - -r mushtahar. See Published.
Promdgator, promulger,^;fu4^ mmhhir,
wluA^ muahayyi^.
Prone (bending, not erect), J^U mdyil.
See Prostrate.— (having a propensity),
JjU iwayi?, e-^l^ rdghibn
Proneness, J-^ maply L^j rughhat, j^
shawk. See Propensity, Inclination.
Pronoun, s. (personal), ^;--4-i datntr, A
demonstrative pronoun, ijjtti^ m^\ mi»
al isharat. A relative pronoun, ^JiS
^g^^W a/ t«m a/ mttJAaw. An interro-
gative pronoun, j*l^ii-jlll <— i;^ A«^ «^
Pronounce, v, (articulate), lail lafa%.
See Speak. — To pronounce sentence,
J^\ jdJ\ asdar al huhm. To pro-
nounce sentence of death, Jiiilb S>-
haham lilkatl.
Pronounced, le^ALt malfu%.
Pronouncer, «. lai* Idfii,
Pronunciation, iail laj%.
Proof, ci-^U^ wi5^, JJ J dalll (pi. J>!l J
^ordAtn) ; (evidence), i Jlf-i thahadat.
See Evidence, Testimony. — A con-
yinoing or positive proo^ si^rf lW*^
dalll hwrhanl.
Proof (test, trial, experiment), ^^l^i^l
^tikan, ^ pCeT tafribat, i^ khibrai.
Without proof, tiJl-S^L Wd tfe^
Legal proofs, ^Lr" ^^^ ^^^ ^'^
ya^. A proof-mark upon weigiii
measures, gold, silver, etc.,^Lc ^ii*
The assayer of the mint^ who pati ti
proof-mark on gold or alver,
X^\ idhib dl ^lyar.
Prop, 9. J^-4^ ^mud, uV.ii.>#
Isr* mo^a. See Support.
Prop,v. *Xi-j»a«<ii. See Support, Suae
Propped, JaJUa^ ffuwniU?.
Propagate, v.jJ^ nashar^ j---l *^;
See Extend, Spread, Diffiase, Pr«:ii-
gate. Publish. — (to increase), Sj aei,
(to generate), jJy tawaUad, To p
pagate religion, ^^jJ^jI-1:j1 *Xitf is^
intishar addin.
Propagated (diffused), ^l^ «^y»V ^'
Promulgated, Published. — (incre^i
j^J*^ musM^il; (generated), j!vi»
Propagation (diffusing), ^Iu*=j1 mi^''
See Promulgation, Publication— -
crease), Jjbj wy&dat^ •^^'^' *^'^>''
(generation), itSi^ wUddat.
Propagator, «. (generator), jl^j if*^'*^
j3^ muwaUid; (a spreader), w-^
Propensity, propension, propend«&'
tion. Tendency.
Proper (fit), Jj) Idyik, ^.^^ ^
(peculiar), ^joUi- ifc^«, y^y^ai^^t^
sUt; (accurate, just), Igj ; Vi^ w*^
See True, Exact. — (natural, origiJ*
PRO
(895)
PEO
jtJ^ teJf^l; (real), ^\ Mh,JLA>^
ia^fa. See Neoessary.
operly (fitly), ^U «j^ hihd liydhU.
operness, <isj\y muwafahUf ^LmiIi.^
nundsabai, Xi U Ujfakat. See Fitness,
^aitableneas, Tallness.
operty (peculiar quality), 4^U^ JchdMt,
L^U^ khdsaiffot, LZj\j udt, IJlS hay-
lyatt i^\^ mdhijfiU. See Essence,
Quality, Nature, Disposition. — (pos-
(ession), cl^Lt mtdk; (goods), JU
nal (pi. f}^y\ amwdl). Then I arose,
ind collected what I had of fdrnitore and
Lpparel, and sold them, after which I sold mr
eal property and all that my hand poasessea,
x>pbecy, iuJ nabuwat. See Prediction,
Divination. — The gift of prophecy,
iyj nahutffai.
opbesy, v. ^Z:J tanabha\ See Predict,
ophet, prophesier, «. ^^ nahi, oy^j
rasuh
opbetess, «. ^UJ nabiyah or nabiyat.
opbetic, i/4fj futhawl. A prophetic
»aying, 4^^ ci.^Jk^ hadis nabawl.
opinquity, d-^ ^tir&. See Nearness,
Proximity,Neighbourbood. — (relation-
)bip), ii\Ji kar&bat, i^^.u? na«ad,
\i'-'* l>\^ iarabat tkuabiyat. See
Kindred.
opitiation, ^}^ ^^ uJUaicus^ uU^f
a/bA ta^dh*. See Propitiousness,
Atonement.
'opitious, ^»«»>-j rahlm, L^ftjUl ^0^1/,
mus^. See FaTOurable, Kind, Be-
Qign,Benevolent. — ^To make propitious,
to propitiate, sJiisuc^ uta^tafaho. To
be or become propitious, ^,pV»1 kUaf,
Verily, the Lord paidoneth and becometh pro-
pitions unto his servant when he has confessed
nis sins; and I am a weak slave, and have
oonunitted a transgrevion in offering thee
advice, i^djii\ JuaLS^^ i^J\ ^\
Jj\ Jjj L
JLiff
\J\,
«_a
dMUM
id\
Propitiousness, (.JU liUf, ^j^^ iawflk*
See Conciliation, Benignity, Kindness.
Propitiously, fj^f^ ^*mJ bisa^in wa
tawflk.
Proportion, l» '^'^ tandtubfi^ noMbatf
<L>«ilv ^ mundsdbat. See Analogy, Sym-
metry; Form, Size.
Proportion, v. proportionate, ^X^yjt^
kd9^ida\fjj\y Aas- ^maldhomuwdfik.
See Portion, Divide, Distribute.
Proportionable, proportional, proporti<m-
ate, proportioned, u, >...iI:>::l^ mutandttb.
Proportionality, proportionateness,
c^^^mpUj iandiub. S^ Proportion.
Proportionally, proportionately, ^Mrfl:^*!^
ij^ ^J\ bil mundsabat ila* yhayriht,
2F^_Ls^Lill^ bilkiyds ^ala* ghayrthii
Proposal,^. propo8ition,^yf ^an2,(jMUaIf
Utimds, U Jc.«dl istidt^d, ^^AVi^ matlab
(pi. li^Ua^ matdUb), ^L^ hadiyai
(pi. bLii kaddyd); (a design), Ou^
ibui, <lJ ntya^, j|^ mttrdd, ^jOji-
gharad. See Intention, Scheme, Plan.
— The proposition of a syllogism,
^ji^ mtdai^ciiima^. The major pro-
position of a syllogism, ^j^\ i^*yJuiiS
al muhaddamat al kuhra\ The minor
proposition, lSJ^^ JuJ^t al mu-
haddamat al ntyhra\
Propose, 9. propound (make a proposal),
P£0
(896)
FRO
4! ^Jbjb. ^arad laho. To propose to
one's -self, ^Ia a\b> ^mam ^Mf Juoi
hoMd. See Intend, Design, Scheme,
Plan.
Proposer, $, propounder, a jju mukaidim^
Proposed, ^^/^ ma^riki^ aJ^ mi«-
kaddamf etc. See OfiEered. — (intended),
JyiojL^ maJttnd. See Designed.
Propound, v. a Ji kaddam. See Propose,
Offer, Exhibit.
Proprietary (belonging toacertain owner)
CiX« mu/^, £^U- hh&uat.
Proprietor, proprietary, i, cl^tt mdlikf
c.^.*»-L0«dA»^. See Possessor.
Propriety (fitness), iJU laydkat, L>^\:^
mundtahat. See Exactness ; Pitness ;
Property.
Prorogation, i^Jiy tawakkaf, (jiy^J
ta^wU,ji^\j takhlr, Jj^ tatwtl,
j\jAS,0^\istmrdr, See Prolongation, Con-
tinaance. — To prorogue, ^s^^ akhkhar,
Prorogued,^*!:;^ mutaakhkhar, ^^y
mawkuf.
Proscribe, f. ^xy mana^f ,Jj nafa\
J^b ^ *a*«m 5.7 iatf. "
Proscribed, Jiulb ^lLc (^^-^^ mahkUm
^alayhi hU katl, ^Ji^^ inanfa\ A pro-
Bcriber, ^^^^a:^ munfl. Proscription,
^ nafl, Jk^l J-^ |Xs^f 0^ hukm
hikatl ahhad.
Prosaic. ^^J^ nawi,
Prose,^ fUMr.^s^ f^kddm muBajja^,
Prosecute, r. (continue endeavours after
any thing), jA2^\ utamar, ^Jx ^^1 J
ddwam ^ala\ See Persevere, Continue.
— To prosecute a design, <^J Jx ^.t J
^M;am ^a^ nijfoHthi, «Juoj Ix x-t"ufl
utamar ^aU koidihi. To pnaeoBk c
law, ^jULiU Uly ioUoib 2aMik^
ra^atj iMj^ tfJx J^«x ^amI ^
iAorl^oA.
Prosecution (pursmt), i J;Uem w^dw^k
ojb tard; (perseTering to eanj x>
j\jAS^\ uiimrdr, i^^^J^ mui&m^
SeePerseveranoe.— AlcgalproeeaJk
i^^J da^ii or t^J itf^wo. Si
Process. [coeer, Peneeas
Prosecutor, t. ,«£«^ imuUtf^I. Seei'
Proselyte, J-^J lUAf/, (j*/ ^
See Convert. [^»**
Prosody,^jyi!l ^ ^tZw ol ^«rr«4 ^-J:;
Prospect (sight, view), Jiai^ wMsm^j.
fuaar; (distant view), J^jsj^m
ha^d; (a place which affords an e££
sive view), ^;la*^ waiwwr (pL /^
mandstir).
Prosper, f>. (make happy), ,>-«-• i>^
— (to be or become happy or sucoft-"
Ju«^ jU idr M^f J. May God pn^
(him, her, etc.), alll 2rjju-l «^
Prosperity, prosperousness, JLi'
Happiness, SuccesB, Good fortanr.-^'
fortane bringeth thee affliction, codrjJ
self by remembering that one day tM 1
see prosperity, and another day di:^
prosperity is like a tree, which pti>F«
ronnd as long as it is loaded with trc:,%
as soon as it has dropped the fruit tb«rl
from beneath it^ and leave it to »a^^
heat and dust Perdition to all tbt '
of this age that oat of ten none ouy
^U\^ * i^\^ JLSSl ^j J
PBO
(897)
PBO
osperoos, J^^ mukhil, Jjum^ mus^ad,
J^muflih, See Fortanate, Saccessfol.
oeperouslyi JlJt JG bikol ikbdl^ Jjj
-IfisT^ Juuii hihol aa^in wa nqfdh. See
PortuDately, Saocesafiilly.
oBtitute, r. Jj • raisul.
ostitute, prostituted, ^kj^ ''^^'«
ostitute, «. Xu(b.>-li fihuhat, SLsf kah-
hat. See Strumpet, Whore. — To play
the prostitute, Uas:^ \^\>' (j:.^^ ^a-
radat hctldhd lUkhaid. [dom.
ostitution, ii>^ kahbanat. See Whore-
ostrate, 1«X>»Li adjidan. To fall pros-
trate, Ijks^L*^^ khar s&jidan.
ostrate, v, »Xsr^ aajad. At the sight
3f her I prostrated myself in adoration of ber
Creator, for the fairness and beauty wbich He
bad displayed in her person; and she, looking
towards me, said, Wno art thou — a man or a
Jinnee? uyju«r» ^J\ cy^ Uli
ostratioD, ijuBr* aajdat, <^^*^ sujud,
otect, V. ^^^4^^ hama% ^^l^ san, ^^\^
^ hdma* ^an. See Defend.
otectioD, ^\^>- him&yat, ii L^ aiydnat,
Llflilsr^ muhd/anat,
otector, ^^^V>^ hdml, ^L>- hdJU,
,j£. ^^\sL^ muhdml ^a». See Pre-
lerver. Defender. [See Defended.
>iected, i^^^>^^ muhma* ,]ffyis:^nMh/il%,
)test, V. f^j/ iJ"*^ ^amal proieato,
)te8t, protestation, jruJ^^ j?ro^to.
>te8ter, a. jjA^ mukarrir, Ji-«lx
s^mJji^^ cdmil id proteato,
>tract, r. y>-\ akhkhar, JJI0 tawwal,
Jj^ aUx ^tndiaho tawih See Delay,
Lengthen. {mamdULd,
Protracted, ^£^1:^^ mtUaakhkhar, J^J^i^
Protractor, Jjla-* mutawwH.
Protraction, jljLi-^\ imtiddd, j.^*[J
taakhlr, Jj^ tatwll, iS\y tuwdni.
See Delay. [See Dilatory.
Protractiyey protractor, ^^V*t imhdli,
Protuherance, /^jj waram. See Tumour,
Swelling, Pimple.
Protuherant, ^J<^j^ warmdn, a jii^ mu-
takaddim. See Prominent.
Protuherate, v, ^j^ warim, a^xSj takad-
dam. See Swell, Project.
Proud, ^Sz^ tnutakabhir. See Splendid,
Grand, Magnificent, Pompous, Vain,
Ostentatious, Daring, Presumptuous.
Proudly, Ij -^j -^ JCj hikol jabrin wa
kubriyd. To hehave proudly, j-t^
takabhar.
Provable, cl^LjUI JjIS kdbil dl iabdt,
^IsdUlt JjU kdbil al mtihdn, ^ji*^^
^y^Jt tnumkin al tqfribat.
Prove, V, (hy testimony or argument),
c:.^Jl M^a^, ^j>J barhan; (to try,
Ml
bring to the test), S-^^-^ jarrab,
^j.^L«1 imtahan. See Examine. — (to
happen), J«a^ Amo/; (to become),
j\^ adr ; (to find by ezperience),^^^:;^^
ikhiabar.
Proved (by evidence or argument),
maabut; (brought to the test),
mt^'arrabf ^\j^i^ muMdk,
Provender, (JlJy kut, aUL ta^dm, iUji!?!
at^imaL See Provisions, Fodder.
Proverb, #. Ji^ m^a/ (pi. Jli^l amadl),
ci;lb.>» maaaldL To speak proverbs,
JLi.^1 *^j^ darab amadl,
Jll/s)U Aaia' &t7 ajTMo/.
67
PRO
(898)
PRU
ProTerbial, ii^ fimallf *J ^->3i ^
Jtj^\ 9hy ifudrah hihi al fnatal
Proverbially, Ji^ ^yj hi iwv^ matal.
Provide, v. (provide for, prepare, get
ready), yi^ haddar. To provide ne-
oessaries, Mj\^\j,^^liaddarallawd%m.
See Prepare, Purvey, Procure, Fur-
niah.— To provide or stipulate, J-4X
mal mu^ahadat. To provide industri-
ously for a family, ^ji\ ^^ haddam
aldtim.
Provided, j-^*^ muhaddar, etc. See
Prepared.— Provided that, ^\ t^ hi
•hart an.
Providence (of God), L^1\ il:jJ1 al ^nd-
yat al ilahiyat ; (foresight, prudence),
j^Sj tadhlr, ij^^^ai hailrat, Jac ^aW,
tLxd-l ihtiyat.
Provident, jJj^ mudahhir, J5U ^dkU.
A provident man, iji^^ «^«.^»-li^ sclhih
haslrat See Prudent man.
Providential (eflfected by providence),
^Uj l^;^^ ^^ f^^^^ mutammam
hi ^ndyat al hdri ta^&la\
Providentially, Lp\ *J^V ^ ^indyat
al ilahiyat. See Providence.
Providently, i;-*-Aj JXj hikol hasirat,
-J jcj 5» tadhlr, ItLi:*-! t^<tyato».
Provider, «. ,^4l^ muhayyh
Province, s, ^»Jil a^/{m, ^U aydlat,
•b J %ar. See Region, Tract.— Any
man's province, duty, or office, ^iiX>-
Provincial (relating to a province),
jJIjU ^_*j-'--f mansuh lil akdllm.
Provision, provisions (food), ^Ut ta^m,
\S£. yhadd, i^^jj MunoddaL Provi-
sions served out to ambassadors, etc.,
from the public treasuiy, ^j^ U-^,
Provision (stipulation), )ojL iki,
2«\JbU^ mui,dhadat.
Provisional (conditional), iJy--» «^^
Provisionally, ^y^ W aJmr^t
Proviso, ^jt iharL See Sdpuluix
Condition, Provision.
Provocation, CSi^ te^i, yi/
toAnrf (pi. CLjLa^^ teArf&O ^
Irritation; oiw Appeal. [«A*y«<i
Provocative, ». J^fuJI c1/Jjb^ ««*•«
Provoke, v, (enrage), c,.>-gTM «?Mb
See Irritate, Offend, — (to excite, r
an edge), cJ^ 'hmrakn See Stic*
late, Incite, Move.
Provoker, «. (causing anger), u^
muffhdih ; (a causer, promoter), C//
mtfAorrtl.
Provoked, t!i^ WM^rroi. [wt?^'
Provoking (giving provocation), i-^
Provost (chief of a college «• o*iie
society), Lijdyi^\ ^j^^j rayyadv
drasat. See Magistrate.
Prow (fore part of a ship),
tnuhdum al markah, '
Prowess, IcXs^ shajd^, i*\
See Courage, Valour.
Proximate, c-.^^ karih.
Proximity, c-y kurh, JLaJl i«i#fii
Prude, 8. Jilii ^aitiZ, JiU ^U^,-
catnt? hdlaho ^kil.
Prudence, iy**flJ hafHrat^j^^^ Ui^
Prudent, prudential, *^,-*ai e^-?'
«} haArat, JiU ^oW. Pr:3a
people, J— ^ c-jIs-^\ OfilaJ W*
«>«
^^0
-J Jj c-->bj^ arJdi trM^ir.
Prudently, prudentially, ^Ji^-**
hikol tadhlr.
PUB
(89»)
PUL
rune, i. (plum), ,jpUf-t ojOb^ r>^
khawkh, fj^ji harHk.
galnii t. jy^ nummHr. The psalms
of Bavidy J^l J^^ju nundmlr dAUd,
iBlmodjfj^y toMmlr*
sailer (book of psalms), j^ji^ c-i^l:;^
hitdh asMahUr, [kdnUn.
taltery «. (species of harp), ^^^
ihaw ! if\^ wdh. See Foh! Pish !
iberty, 6 jL hdHghy ^^ hulUphiffat.
A boy arrived at the age of puberty,
4jb hdligh. A girl arrived at the
age of puberty, Juillj c:>%v> &tW bAlighat.
To arrive at the age of puberty, jL^
Ob «dr hdligh,
iblican, <. (the keeper of a house of
general entertainment),
mlkhanflt j\a^ khamm&r,
iblication, j\^\ Mhdr, j\^\ M&r.
The publication of a book, im^Q»\inf
Uunif, uJJlJ tan/.
iblic (common, general), ^y^^ i^'
nUnA^ ^U ^(5m, CJjJL^ muthiurak;
generally known), j^fu*^ fnoihhur,
^jfjf^ ma^ruf. Public business,
national affidrs), ^^jJljj^l umikT
ddatfflat. The public treasury, i/^^t
Imirl. Public burdens, iLi^cJJlCj
ikallf ^urfiyaL See Tax. — Public
rayers, IcJ du^d. See Prayer. — ^A
ablic standard of weights or measures,
L^ ^iydr.
>lio, 9. (general body of a nation),
.^.^amJI mhtha^. See Nation, Com-
lonalty.
>licly, ^)U ^ddniyatan^ Sjt!^ tdhi"
%n. Publicly and privately, \
Ly^j nrran wa ^aldniyatan.
licness, j^ zuhur, ij^ shuhrai.
Public-spirited, ^j)t v^^/r^ muhiB al
watan, [watan-
Public-spiritedness, ^^^ ^"^r"^ ^ ^^
Publish, v.j^\ oihhar. To publish a
book, (mJ\zijj^ fuuhar kiidh.
Publisher, 9. jJ^\j nd9hir. The pub-
lisher of a book, c^li^t Jt»\j ndtAir
al kitdh.
Pudding, «. (^Jy jpudilng.
Pudendum (raembram virile), J*«»lxJl £3 1
dht attandsul, ^J nahmr (pi. jj^J
tukikr) ; (mulieris), ^f<^ (pl. ^j/
/ttril/)-
Puerile, Jil9 tifll. See Childish.
Puerility," XJ^ iifiaiyai. See Child-
ishness.
Puff, •, (blast), iJi na/hat (pl. iZj\J^
na/hdt) ; (a fungus), U^ kamd. See
Mushroom.
Puffer, 9. (blower), 'J\j ndfikh.
^°£»» i:)y^t^ mifymtZn. See Ape.
Pugh ! if\^ wdh. See Poh !
Puissance. See Power, Potency.
Puissant. See Powerful.
Puissantly. See Powerfully.
Pull, V. {^^^•^ 9ahab, S^«X>- /usa^.
See Draw, I^rag.— To pull up (eradi-
cate), ^li kala^. See Extirpate, Tear,
Bend. — To pull hairs from the fiice^
f^^isj nataf.
Pull or pulling, 9. c-^J^ i<^iJT J^-
Pulled, u^^JubT* ffMftftd, c.
«Ad5. SeeDrawn. — ^Pulledup,^.
nmhilb.
Puller, ^^«>U>* jdigib. {Jam^j.
Pullet, ijfX^ i^jifairk'ha 9agh\rdhf ^ ^^
Pulley, 9. ijj hakarat.
Pulmonic (belonging to the lungs),
ijj\ (mgJ^mU^ maiMi lil riyah*
puir
(900)
PUB
Pulp (of fruits), |i^^ ihahm, u^ lib.
Pnlpiti «. ^^ manbar (pl.^ U^ mafid&fr) .
PalsatioDi «. ^jOyW ^j>- haraiai antkibi.
Poise. 9. ijaJ tiabi. One stroke of the
pulse, i*dJ ndbtat.
Pulse (leguminous plants), ^y»>^ A«to&,
c:^^^;.^ Ati3ai<Z^. See Pea, Bean.
Pulverable, ^jsf^\ ^^;d^ mumkin aaahk.
Pulverization, pulverizing (reducing to
powder), Jh^ mM, To pulverize.
Pumice-stone, j. \J*t^^j? hajar (U Juuh,
d^Ul\^ hajar al hdkak.
Pumpkin, pompion, «. QjS kar^
Pump, s. (for raising water), Vv'^
turumba.
Pun, «. j^^i^ kaldmbilr, ^^iJal ^^f/bA.
Bee Wit, Humour. — To pun, ^^^AX.
j^f^^ ^cmal kaldmbur.
Puncheon, «. fj^j* barmlL See Barrel.
Punctilio, uJJJkji to^l/.
Punctilious, L,i»\iui u^^^^l^ <dAi^ <«^ft/.
See Precise, Ceremonious.
Punctual, ^ J c-'^fv- U0 «aAii( dikkat. See
Exact, 'Accurate.
Punctually, Ju J Jio &t%o/ dikkat, (j:^^ \j
bUwakL See Pointedly.
Ponctualness,4^J(^t^^^. See Exactness.
Puncture, 2fjar nakhxat.
Pungency, 5Ji^* hiddat.
Pungent, jU^ Adi. See Piercing, Sharp.
Punish, 4^tXc ^tasuhf c^lc ^aitai.
Panishable, ^Loii]! Jj^liu*^ mustdhUal
kuaa.
Punished, (.^U^ mut^akab, c^juc^
mticossa^. To he punished, v_-^U?
ta^akab, Imuniakim.
Punisher, i. v.^U^ mu^dkib, ^iiu.^
Punishment, 4,,,>oJuu /o^si^, Jbyif ^tijhl-
ia^^c^Uc^fildi. Oigiiannt,d£edti£.
artfiil, goilefU aad tzeMherom,^^:'
deliTerance ; for this is tiie leeompmse cf ::-
bsM oondnet, and a prniiwhifint of tky ifejEs-
ftble actions and doings, J>ft W^ U' .
^Uj d£*i ^^ •];»- <i> ,-
Pupil (apple of the eye), ^j-J^ •:*;: ^"
^^ \ ^LJ 1 tiMdn aZ ^f*^" See £jt-
(a scholar), JlmJJ ^muu Bawc:^
18 nibbish in its natire ooimtzy, bat hz'.
abroad it becomes the ornament of ^ir.
of the fair; likewise the coUyniim isb '•
country is nothing hut a stone, 'wbk^>-'>'
aside and thrown at random on the i^-^»
bat when transported abroad, it is W^ '
great yeneratio^; and is eren cam.^ -
tween the eyelid and the pupil of the •
. *•
jUj Aju^\jji\ Jl3 c-^ U! u
Pupillage (state of being a at^
Puppet, «. i^ji lu(,ba4.
Purchasable, kJ^^ ffU9hiara\
Purchase, v, c^^i^f Uhiart^, ^^ •
tawwak. See Buy.
Purchase or purchasing, «. \^JL^ ukr
Purchaser, «. ^jj:J^ muthUfri.
Pure (clear, limpid), jlb^ idhir; =
mixed), ^If^ khdlu ; {inDOfx:
chaste), ^tolt tdkir, ^Ju iwjtf. ^
Holy, Virtuous, Modest. — (smoat •
heart), J jU sddik.
Purer, purest,^! a^Aar.
Purely (without mixture, with lis^
ness), 1^^ Mr/ kai/oitf^. SeeFtf^
—(merely, simply), kfii /«ibrf.
PUE
(901)
PUR
renees, purity (clearness, limpidness),
^l^ taMraty i^ ndk&wat. Parity
r elegance of manner, J Liifl c^Otiff
%hzlh al ihiidl. See Elegance.
rgative,^^{k^ mutahhir. A purgative,
ijJti sharhe. See Parge.
rgatoryj^^^k^Il al mathar,
rge, 9. (Jfuu^ nuuahhil,
rge, r. (cleanse), l^Loj naddaf.
rger, purifier, s, j^a^ mutahhir,
[ification (rendering pare)^;*^ tathlr.
rificative, purificatory, purifying^^lx*
rified,. .^!x« nwtahhar, [mutahkir.
rify, 9. (make pure),^^ toAJUr.
rple, adj, i^j^Ji htrmitl,
rple, «. \J^j>'j^ arjawdn. The purple
bell-fish, ^^^ larflr.
rport (tendency of a writing or dis-
onrse), ^<:'^t^ tna^tu^, ^^^ natljai,
rpose, if jl^l irddai, Ju^ ibiti, ^^ ^a»n,
y nlya^, iJyaA/c nuiibilii (pi. txAJLn
\akd9%S)f \^^ gka/roA (pi. ij^y^
glirdd). See Intention, Dengn. —
consequence, effect). See Instance,
Ixampleb — On purpose, purposely,
m^AiX} misasd, IjudS kasdan, \JaA
tttndan. 0 my brother, I have no fiirther
ant of the shop, for I hare aocompliiihed the
irpom for which I took it, and 1 gire it to
lee, with all that it contains, completely on
;connt of thy haying come abroad with me,
id thy abeenting thyself from thy country !
^jju CSji ^LcJU l^it*
•poee, r. Juoi koiod. See Intend,
design, Besolye.
nae, •• ^/^^ iu» [wada^ hU kl9,
rse, t^. (put in a purse), ^j»^^, ^j
Parsiness, pursiveness (shortness of
breath), ^j»Mi\ iju^ dikat annafas,
Purslain, l\Jb haklat, ^^j^ji farfahln.
Pursuable (capable of being prosecuted),
j\jAsJi\ Jjli kdhH al utimr&r.
Pursuance (prosecution of any object),
j\jA!i^\ utmrar, l^^\tX^ muddwamat.
In pursuance o^ pursuant to, ^Jla
^ak^ ha$ab, l-."**!*^ hi hoiob,
hoidb. In pursuance of the
instructions which I have received
from the Government of Her Majesty
the Queen, it is my duty to state to
your Excellency that, etc., ^..^j^
^\ Jj 1^- jUJ ^ jJ\ JJji. See
According to. — In pursuance of orders,
iljJ^^ J
J^
i\
r hihasah al amr,
^S^\ hasab al hukm. Pursuant to the
signal, ij\J^'i\ i^^m^ hasab al Uhdrat
Pursuant to promise, Ja^\ u,,>Mi*>>
hasab al wa^d.
Pursue, r. (follow, chase), j;^ lehek;
(to prosecute with perseverance),^^««MM»l
istamar; (to prosecute legally), L^Jis
Xu JuU tdlab lU shari^at. See Per-
seyere, Endeayour, Proceed. When, behold^
a man came forth from beneath the earth, and
he called to me and pursued me, and said to
me, Who art thou, and whence hast thou come,
and what is the cause of thy arriyal in this
placer
> ..-
U^'^J^
\jy
cT* ^ J^^ v/^^ s^ C^J U^J
i\
Pursued, Jy^ nudh^.
Pursuer, s. (follower), ^^S Idhik;
(hunter), Ju^ sayydd\ (prosecutor).
4>;\t iarid.
PUT
Pursuit (foUowing), J^\ iUihdi ; («n.
deavour), s^ jahd, ^-*-i w^l| <4A
himmai. See Proseeutiou.
Puny (short breathed and fat), fj^
^^^maJ^ M annafiu.
Purvey, v. (provide with victuals or con-
veniences), i^Wl^U. jJ\ (•JJ kaddtm
taautkhdyir al Idtimai,
Purveyance (procuremeut of provisions),
^Ul jJ\ w jji; Ukilm oMohh&yir.
Purveyor, «. ^^^^ J-fj M^<wtl^ ^^^ ^^^JO-
See Procurer, Pimp.
Purulence, pus, ^ i^A. [m^Jb^ytA.
Purulent (full of pus, as a wound), ^a^
Push, V. (driye, shove, thrust, force),
(jljj dafoihj ^J dt^ftt^. To push
back or away, ^j rod*
Push, pushing, j. ^i3 iXa/^. See Im-
pulse.—(an attack), |*^jB^%'«m,.
hamlat; (an effort), ^^^m* «a^i,
yaAi, i^Uuhl ihtimdm. See Endeavour.
— (emergence, existence), \,asj\ iittdd.
To makd a push (to assault), (^ys^ (J««^
^mtd hujutn ; (to make an effort), ^^lui
96^. See Endeavour.
Pushed, ^y«V« moi^^.
Pusillanimous, ^^L^/a^<I»,uJjf le>^ Mdytj/^
J«:J tanhai. See Cowardly, Timid.
Pusillanimousness, pasillanimity, ^L^
jahdnat See Timidity, Meanness.
Pusillanimously, £Lj> Jiu hikol jahdnat.
Pustule, «• £L>. haUa%.
Put, V. (lay), ^^ wada^, ^Jb tarah,
la^ A»^; (to sprout), u:^ note^; (to
€xert),2rj^5^j *1:^ J^ ^amaljadduho
wajahdaho; (to propose), ^^ ^arad.
To put in (insert), Jfi^^jl oettAo/. To
Tit in practice, J^ ^fodl. To put
( 902 ) FTX
inaclaim,^^<iW*t^- T»P«^-
(divest, lay aside), w-5^^^4
tarak^MjoMh; (to prociwfea
^\iiH^*ir. See Delay. — (to dificr:
Jjfi ^mu»J. To put out (extingci
^Jalj to/V. To put out (publidi),;f
oMar. To put to death, Ja «*
See Ell, Murder.- To put togeaa
^Ajprjcf^^t: To put upon (imp*
^ iLo^ J-4X ^««tf/ *ito ^. '
put on (to wear), ^^^^ W«- ^
DeceiTe, (^leat— And lo, sbe cat of teri^'i
and pot on th« anparel of movanisg, qe^
Bald to me, 0 my husband, do not be j^*j
to wkat I am doing ; for I hare recerKafl
tliat my mother is no more, that my fe:a
has lost his life in a holy 'waii that oa« r^
brothers has died of a paiaonons sting, &^\
other by the fall of a house ! U:
4
c^U (jfcj^^ 4^=^^^ *^W^ v/ *'"
Putn»dinous, pntresoenty putrid, putdifv
Putr^fiiction, putresoeuoe, putrid
i^^Lc ^ufunai.
Putrefy, r. (rot), J^ ^ffim*
Puzzle, 9. J^ hayyar. See Pe-^s
Embarrass, Confound.
Puzzle, «. if,*>- Mro/,
Puzzled, {^jfp^ hayrdti^
ta^ajjA. See Perplexed.
Puzzler, s.ji^s^ nwhayyir.
Pyramid, «. ^yb harim (pL a|^^ «Ar^
Pyramidal, pyramidical, (»;^' J^'*
a^ harim.
Pyrites (fire-stone), jUt^ hajar
^jx^ s. t}^ huk. See Bojl
«J
axTA
(90S)
auA
Q.
'he Arabic characters which have any
affinity with Q are J and d^.
tuadrangLe, «. ^VjjJf t^y^ (J^ *^^
murahha^ aatawdyd. See Court, Square.
luadrangulari ^^j-l^ H^ murabha^
azEawdffd. To make quadrangular,
jfy^^du*^ ^anudaho murabha^ J.4bC
Jill ^omo/ ahail tnurahha^. To
sit in a quadrangular fomii ^^
tarahha^. To be quadrangular, ^ J
tarahha^ ^yXa sdr murahha^
tuadrant, 9, ^j ruh^. See Quarter. —
The quarter of a circle, ijAj^\ ^j rub^
adddyrat. An astronomical quadrant,
^IjJl ^ . rub^adddyrat.
tuadrate. SeeQuadrangle,Quadrangular.
tuadrate, v. w— ^...lU ndtab. See Suit
tuadrature (squaring), ^^,J> tarbi^,
tuadrennial (comprising or lasting four
years), ^;«:uJl t^^ murabba^Msanin;
(every four years), ^Ji^ ijuj\ J^ iol
arbacat iinln.
taadrilateral, ^j^ mffm^^a^.
tuadriliteral (as a word consisting of
of four letters), ^^,j rubd^.
tuadruped, j^A^ ^j^J*^ \J^y^ haywdn
%il arba^ Isawdyim, ^L^t* mdihiyah
(pL ^j^^j^ mawdahl),
tuadruple, uJU^I ImjS arbti^t ad^f.
To quadruplicate, j\^\ ifOj\ ^az\^
dd^f arba^at amrdr,
*aail, «. A^Umi ntmmdnat (pL CL9u«4)«»
summandt), \^ §alwd, i^^ salwa*,
tuaintly (accurately), iJjJij bikol
dikkai. See Nicely.
Quaintness. See Niceness, Neatness,
Prettiness, Exactness, AfPectedness,
Oddness, Strangeness.
Quake, v, ^^Jo^j ^^o,f% ^^j< irta^,
^J**JUj\ irta^h. See Shake, Tremble.
Quake, quaking, «. djl^j ra^ahat, »Jxj
ra^t, fj\jij %al%dl, iijlj udmdat,
Qualification, uJ\^\ Misdf, l.^^ imm/
(pi. tmJ\^^\ awidf), imjL^y tawiHf,
iA^ 9%faL See Quality, Accomplish-
ment; dUo Abatement, Diminution. — There-
fore, if thou design to marry her, the son of
my lister ia more worthy of her than all the
reat of men, aa be poaeeases all the high quali-
fications, l^\i|j ^^ iJL^s^jB. (j:^ ^U
Qualified (made fit), JU^^ muwd^,
Uy^,iL^ mundiib, ^Jji Idyik,
Qualify, r. (make fit for anything), aLax
(jJ^\y ^malaho muwdfik ; (to modify,
regulate), UaJ natam. See Arrange.
Quality (property, accident), A^l^ khda-
sat, XmaIsL Jthdiiiyat, iLa sifat, <UL^
haiyfiyat, ^U mdhiyat\ (disposition,
tlamper of mind),u.>^Mu« mashrab, ^y%
iftas4;; (rank), i^j^ dart^'at, <U^
tnauMolat, ^j^ martabat, L^^»nv^ man-
tab. See Dignity, Nobility. — The
quality (people of rank), uJ]^f mA-
rdf. See Nobles. — Goods of the first
quality, Jl^ JU mdl ^dL And she
said to her none, What is the name of this
young man of comely qualities who ia among
the soldiers? \iJb ^\ U Iff j\ jl usJUi
Quandary. See Doubt, DUemma.
Quantity,^^ J^ mukddr,j*yj kadar, A«^
kammtyai, ^^ mdblagK
QUA
(904)
QUE
Quantum (amount), llA>s^Jumlat,
jam^ SeeQaantity. — Quantum suffioit,
h\i^ haf&yat. See Sufficiency.
Qalrrel, ,. ^ naM&^, i^;L« mwOm^
^t. See Dispute. — A fbmenter of
quarrels, ls,j\:^\ cJ^JS!^ muhrdk al
Qaarrel, 9. L^li^ ^^ax- ^amalmundMa^att
Ztyar^i^AA ^amal khuaHmdt, ^Jax.
eljj ^mal nmd^. See Debate, Dis-
pute, Figbt. [s>^.
Quarreller, quarrelsome, «. & j\u^ mund-
Quarry, s. (stone-mine), rS^\ jjJ^«^
ma^dan al hajar. [Quarter.
Quart (measure), y>j^^ kudrter. See
Quartan (agae), ^j^ ly*"^ humma*
murahha^.
Quarter (fourtb part), ^j rub^. A
quarter (region of tbe world or country),
uJ^L taraf, u^l^-ydnii^. See Side,
District, Eegion. — Tbe four quarters
of tbe world, lj^L^\ cL .1 ix)j\ ar-
ha^t arhd^ al maskanat, Tbe quarter
of a city, ^lLst* muhaUah, i(j\^ hdrah.
From every quarter, c-^l5j- jj^^^
min hi jdnib, uJ^ J^ ^ mm hoi
taraf. Soldiers' quarters, ^Luikil^lC^
makdn dl ^kar. Winter quarters,
S.*Mji\ \sJ^ mashtd al ^kar. Quarter
(mercy sbown by a conqueror), ^Ul
amdn. Quarter ! quarter ! ^^\^\ ^t«l
amdn amdn. To give quarter, ^Jac\
^Ul acta* amdn»
Quarter, v. (divide into four parts), a^uJ
c\)j\ kassam arhd^. See Divide.
Quarterly (in four parts), ^j rub^\
(every tbree montbs), j^\ £)U J^
kol ialdsat ashhur.
Quartermaster, «.^CuJc^ imt^tdm.
Quasb, V, (annul), Jk; haUd, Jk
ahtal, ^ luuakh. See CraiL
-ij
ndi
Quatrain, «. (stanza),
wJ|^ murahha^
Queen, t. KL« malaiai, Tbe mi
motber, ^UaLJI if Jtll^ wdUdaiamic
Tbe queen, at cheas,jij^\ al wei'.
Queer (wbimsical), J^i^^ muialkj»
(odd, strange), jjU iiddtr, «^-^
^^t6; (fancifulness), ^Jlacr^diis^
Quencb, v. (fire), jUl ,^^«L te/a' «aif
To quencb tbirst, (^^aJmI 4^^^ r«w' -
^tash. See EztiDguish ; Still; Ctu
Quencbable, ^Jia:*^ tfuniaft.
Quencber, ^Jia^ mutflm
Querimonions, querulous^ 1^^ *^'
Querimonionsly, querulously, 4:U1-
&»7 ihakdyat. [M»^
Querimoniousness, querulouanen, ^^^
Querist, «. JjLi cdyi7. See Inqaiie
Query, b. See Question.
Query, v. See Question, Inquire.
Quest See Searcb, Inquiry.
Question, #. (interrogatory), J^*-» li^
See Inquiry, Disquisition, Seazdi-
(doubt), ciXl «Aa;&, i^ M^
Any question put for amusemeD* ■'
trial of genius, ^i^^^ aJ^igat >
^p-U-1 ahdji). Question (duj^
controversy), JudS kadiytU, t^ «b^:
C.o< iaA«, ilc\jB^ mufddahi, ii>'r'
Question, v. (interrogate), ^^^ «^'
Aom, ^^Mii:u«i\ utafiar. See Exancau
—(to doubt), ilJ^ MhaL
Questioned (doubted, disputed], ci^
QUI
( 905 ) '
OTJI
<0 maihkakhihi; (interrogated)i J^m^
nuuuL
iuestionable, djsjM^ mwhtabah, \H^im^
<0 nmhkikh Inht, fjJj^\ijL^ taht
ashshak. See Problematical, Disputable.
laestioner, t. Jj U sdyil. See Inquirer.
luestionleBS, ^^^ tj hild shubhah, L«ij
yakina% ^^^^^^ ^X^ i^* ^ yaJ^n,
Cjiliiildthat, SeeCertainljyDoabtless.
toibble, «. ^L^ hllah.
taibble, v. ^Ju>- J^«^ ^amo/ hllak,
luick (Hying, not dead), ^c>- Aoy;
(nimble, prompt, speedy), ^/»^ mH^,
s^^SL^lhapf. Swift, Active, Sprightly,
Ready.
aicken, r. (make alive), ,«-f>-f aAytf' ;
(to hasten), J^js^^I wta^'al; (to cause
to make haste), ^Jf^ ^jf^'
aickener, «. (making alive),
muhyi.
aicklime, ^^/mK ^«Z9.
uickly, iUyNj J^ ifZoZ for^o^.
lickness, L^ mr^0^. See Sprightli-
nesa. Activity, Briskness,
licksilver, j;^J waylah,
liet, quiescent (at rest, undisturbed),
i^fc^bb Adift; (peaceable, silent), vj;^Li
tahU, ^J^ wadl^; (mild, gentle),
liety quiescence (rest, repose, freedom
jrom disturbance), ^^j rdhat, ^JJb
^adU. Best, Eepose, Tranquillity,
;2.iiietnes8. [Pacify.
.iet, r. 4/JJb Aa^\ See Calm, Still,
ieter, s. i^*H^ mti^i^.
ieted, ^/jU ^<ft. So when he heard
tie words of his sister, his heart was tranqnil-
.z«d, and his terror was qaieted, and the pain
txskt he suffered ceased, /ti^ ^^Jtma Uli
^U Jljj ^jj jL:j Us J,liL< ASrLl
Quietly, i^\jJb JCj hikol haddwat. See
Calmly, Peaceably.
Quietness, quietude (a state of tranquil-
lity), (L>-\j rdhat. See Quiet. —
(calmness of mind), JUt l>^\j rdhat
Mdl, See Calmness, Stillness. — (si-
lence), CJ^^Ca iukntf L::->w4Mg Bamt.
Quince, iSp^jL^ tafarfalat. A quince
tree, fj^yut ijSf^ shafarat safarjal.
Quinquangular, \i\^jLmaS^ ^ laho kham-
$at lawdyd. See Pentangular.
Quinsy (inflammation of the throat),
jll^ khunndk.
Quintessence, ^d^JLw khaldsat, <LJbt« md-
hiyaty cjI J %dtt /^^ jawhar* See
Essence.
Quintuple, i^\x^\iMiAj>^ khamsatad^f.
Quire, «. (of paper), ^^ds>^J dastat
warakf Jj^ uJ^ kaficarak.
Quit, V. (leave), yc* hqfar, CJjt tarak;
(to set free), fjJ^ khaUas, J^\ at-
lak \ (to discharge or pay), _5^ tra/a*.
See Pay, Bepay, Bequite. — (to excul-
pate oneself from any imputation),
JiX^-jj) horror hdlaho.
Quite, aUcJIj hiltamdm, UUj iamdman,
lL%j^\j hiljumlat, JU^lj hU kamdl,
XJ^li hH kolliyotf Uila^ mutlakan.
Quite well, 1 Jls^ ^Jiifi ^zlmjiddan.
Quittance, 8. (discharge from a debt,
etc.), \j)\ ibrd. See Acquittance.
Quittance, 9. See Bepay, Beoompense.
Quiver, «. (case for arrows), ^Lx>- /n^-
da^. A maker of quivers, ^-'U>-
Quiver, v. (-i>y rajaf. See Shudder,
BAG
(906)
BAI
Tremble, Quake, Qaarer. — Qoiter.
See Nimble, ActiTe. [Share, Portion.
Quota, ^Ua>. hiuah, ^mi kiimai. See
Quotation, $. (from an author), ^LiJl
iktibOi.
Quote, 9. iM^\ (ktabat.
Quoted, ^^..-iS/t muktaboi,
Quoter, «. ^j»tM^ muktabit.
Quotidian, ^^ ffaumi. See Daily. —
A quotidian ague, ^^ l/^ humma*
yawmiyehf ^«j^ J^4«^A«mina' daytnUh,
Quotient (in arithmetic), J^^l^- Ad«i7,
^L^ mahlagh.
E.
E has one uniform sound in English;
as ' rose,' ' more,' ' for.' In Arabic it
is expressed bjj. [h&kh&m,
Eabbi, rabbin, «. (Jewish doctor), ^^U^U-
Eabbit, «. (animal), f^^J^ amah.
Babble, «. ^bji awbdth. See Mob,
Crowd, Vulgar.
Eace (family, lineage), J^t a$I, J^
nasi, \^^am] nasah, {j**:^ jins, hji
nurriyat (pi. <^\ijO wurriydt), lio}^
tdyi/at See Oeneration, Ofibpring,
Progeny, Ancestry. — Of an illustrious
race, J^HI j^i^ karim al ail. Of a
mean race, u».^ii.u;H J^fsr^ mafhUl an-
nasah, i^^m) ^jdU m&laho nasab, A
race (contest in running), Aa^L^ mu-
sdhakat See Course.
Bacer, s. (jj\m^ musdhik. See Bunner.
Back (torture), c^l j^ ^andh. A rack
for hay or straw, u,ftl,it^ ma^f.
Back, V. (put to the torture), L^ix
^OMjuih. See Punish, Torment, Harass ;
Stretch, Extend.^ To rack off (wk.
etc.), ^Jia saffi^.
Backed, i^f^^ mu^amah. See Tar-
mented. — Backed off (as wine), ^
mutaffi^. See Purified.
Badianoe, radiancy, radiatioii, ^
sha^d^f j^ nUr, |^U^ Imm^os, '^
diyd. Soe Light, Splendour, Listzt
Badiant, w^S Idmt^fj^^ Mtoiir. Sa^
Bright, Splendid, Shining.
Badiate, 9. ^^ lama^ See Sbiae.
Badical, ^JJ\ ash, J^\ aHO, JL' k^
See Original, PrimitiTe.
Badically, ^}Ji\ ^ mm al ad.
Eadicalness, iJJi\ ll[J\ al Jiakt «
Badish, s. ^M [4^
Badius (of a circle), ^^lafii^ l^^ nsf'*
katr ; (arm-bone), ^JlcJ\ Jj^^ ua
^aEfnataaind al a^la\ See Bay.
Bag, i, ImJj rut^t, Zip- kkmrloL ^'|
Tatter.
Eage, i^^»^r. ghadab, )euk ykay%. ^
Anger, Vehemence.
Eage, V. {^-^onr yhaddah.
Eaging, rageful, L^y^yhadal,
mughaddib. See Furious, Angry, Vi
Bagged, ^j^ murakka^ See Ta
Bugged.
Eaging. See Bagefbl. [P
Eagingly, i^^r Jij hikot ghaiA.
Bagman, #. j^ ^ hayy&^
Bail, a. (palisade), ^^*J^j^
jjjjj^jj dardbtln,
Eailway, JjO^t (jl)^ twik al i
So I rodo on the railway, and descended
city of Elbaarah with a party of i&er.
and we trarersed the eea for manT ^
night8,Li;^jj«r|^jjj^tji^J*;
iLAS
(907)
EAN
Lailer, 9, (one who abuses with inBalting
language), JfLSi thdtim.
laillery (satirical merriment], ^J^
mazdh, ifjS^**^ moikhara.
Ukiment, {jJJ Mds, c-^Lj tii/ab. Bee
Apparel, Oarment.
iain,Jj^ matar (pi. jlk^l amtdr).
tainbow, a. -. jJ (j^y ksws hmh,
lain, f7. ^a^ J^ sdr maUtr. To caaae to
rain,^^la^l amtar,
lainy, jtL« mdtir.
taise, V. (lift, heave), v,,.^.»nJ fMWoi,
«-ii ro/a^. To raise an insurrection,
jJJ^ ^JS iat(m^.am alhahd. To raise
an army, iLu£ ^^^ jama^ ^kar.
taised, c ^i^ marfu^ t*V* *'**''^f
See Exalted, Preferred,
taiser, «. ^^%.0U nS^ti, ^\j rdji^.
taisin, i^.^^ « zahlh
d troops),^^L**jJ^
jy*S^\jama^al^JtaralnHtk8ilri (to
play off ndUery), ^'•r/* maxahma^
tam, ». {Jj^ kahsh ; (the celestial sign),
fjA^\ ^ jjburf id hamal. A battering
ram,^J«;^^U numfanlk (pi. c:^U*xsX«
manjanlkdt).
Lam, V. (beat violently as with a batter-
ing ram), fj0i>^x^\j ^j^ dor ah hil
manjanik.
Lamble, v. jt j ddr. See Wander, Stray.
lamble, «. ^\;j«3 datcardn. See Eange.
(ambler, «• j\^4) dmotodr. See Wanderer.
tamification, ti,,.^.;iiMi7 taah^ih*
tampart, «. rampire, ^ulill ]a^ hayt ol
Lancid, ^j %aniihf ^^jA/t^ mu^jfin.
ancidness, randdity, ijjkfi ^ufunai.
Rancorous, J^a>. hoHd.
Bancorously, J^Ac^ JSj hikol hakd.
Eancour, «\S»- hakd. See Malevolence.
Bandom (chance), jUjI tWt/fi*, jjfl^U
^druf. Bandom (accidental), t^^Uj^
t«t/^ifef, ^Vj^ t^^^^' ^^ random (by
chance), j\S3% hU itUfak!^\i\^\ itO-
fdkan; (inconsiderately), Jt'b^^j;^
min ghayr taammtd. And he concealed his
ease and diseoised himself; and he went forth
in the middle of the night, wandering at
random, and not knowing whither to go,
ai^ ^j'^. V^ <ii> ^ ^^ ^^
>»ya:M« manMum,
Bange, v. (place in order), (.^ w/,
Joj fuaam. See Order,— (to be placed
or stand in order), uJia^^ i^taf, J3i3\
ifUasum.
Bange, ^^Uai nixdm^ t-i-^ w/ (pi. cJ^
wfuf). See Bow, Series, Bank, Order.
— (the step of a ladder), ^j^ darajah
(pi. (J:j\ff^jJ darajdf).
M^--^ muntattim,
murattah
Bank, «. ^^Jua Mf\ (a series, row), <j-tf
«a/, ^Ik) fittSm. See Bange, Order.
— (degree), <^y martdbat, iJij rutbat,
iSJa tabakat, i^j*^ darajat, ^Ui 9hdn.
See Dignity.— (precedency), j*x^ to-
taddur, /^*sSj takaddum. And his sister
said to him : Mention them to me, for I know
them; he proofed, therefore to enamerate
them to her, one after another, while she said :
I approve not of this for my son, nor will I
marry him save to her who is like him in
heauty, loTcliness, intelligence, religion, polite
accomplishments, kindness of natore, dominion,
rank and descent, <U^\ ^ ui^LLi
HAB
(908)
RAT
i nahab;
Ugattai.
^3^ O^ ij^>^ ^3J^ h ^^^ ^•^
C^^^lj L-^-wuuJ)^ CiUlj *JJ/J|^
Bank, t;. (place abreast), t^^irf* m/xo/'.
Eansack, v, (plunder), ,^^J^ 9^^ \?^
(to search narrowly).
See Search.
Eansacked, c^jLmu« fikw^fl^,
manAai. See Plundered.
Hansom (of a captive), ^Ji fidd^ ^S3
fidiyat\ (ransom or compensation for
bloodshed), h*^ diyat See Mulct.
Hansom, v, f^Jjfada*, ^j^S^hhdllaa.
Bansomed, uf J^:^ munfada^ ^'^^^ ^^Z"
Bansomeless, 1jj)b ^i7a,/£i(I. [tail.
Bat^, l)j^ darhatf L^ latmai, SeeBlow.
Bap, V, Jal latam, )a^ shahat.
Bapacious, uJtU- hUtif, ^j\prJ^rt%
j^-rA'- ffhdsib. See Fierce.
Bapaciously, \j^ kahran.
Bapaciousness, rapacity, (^^»ar. yhoih,
uJk^ khatf.
Bape, 8, ij\iJ\ J^l akh% al hahdrat.
Bapid, Hly*«> «arl^. See Swift, Quick.
Bapidity, rapidness, ^^ «ur^a^. See
Swiftness. [«MrjiJto».
Bapidly, is^ JCj Jt^? tur^t, \sxj^
Bapine, i^^ nahb, <U«|3 nahihat, 2rjU
ghara, Uju yaghmd. See Plunder,
Yiolence, Porce. [Delight.
Bapture, iXsj-j u^^'i. See Transport,
Bare (uncommon, yaluable), ^jU n&dir,
jljD, ^0sls, u--"-^ tfl/l^. See Pre-
cious ; Excellent. — (thin), (j^j raHh,
Barely (not often), \jC\j nddiran. See
Seldom. — ^Happening rarely, ?^j^^j*^^
nadir al nmka^ See Finely, Fk&Y
Accurately.
Bareness, rarity, J^jU nddir^. Anrikr,
SjJU nddirai (pl.j*>^y ji«paJ»r),^
tithfai. See Scarcity; otso Thisses.
Subtlety.
Bascal, rascallion, ^-jij^ «itfrtr, ^mJ
fdnh. See Scoundrel, "Villain.
Bascality, i[;U»- iakdrai. SeeTHlsj
Bascally,^^Jb- Aaitf r. See Mean, Wfi^
less.
Base, v.(jytfLa)U^JJbAa<{to/t7Mdi. ^
Erase, Demolish, Destroy, Skim.
Bash, ^JJ ^U malaAo toiMr, ;C»
mutahawmr. See Hasty, Precipita
Yiolent, Imprudent, Careless.— Eai
satin, ^yjiff\ atlas. The rash ;£
efflorescent eruption on the Kx;
Bashly,^Jjlb hild tadbHr. SeeP:^
cipitately. Carelessly, Violently.
Bashness,j|^ taihawwwr.
Basure, ^S^hah. Therasureoffc^
ings, cl^^ hah.
Bat, ». ^i^j^yr J^dun. b"
Batable, c.;.^li-i» mtmoM]^, cP V "*'
Batably, LJc^ j!^^ hihol mum^
See Proportionably.
Bate (proportion), i-sli-* «»i^*^
(price), i*-; itl»«<. See Price, Tsi*
— (tax, assessment, census), */
W<ir4;, i jr y«Biya^. The nie '
current price of proyision8,jU-5J'**'
h&ymat dl as^dr. Bate of «chsr
Bate, r. (value at « certain rate). /
tamman ; (to chide), ^ J aw, ^;**^
Bather/Lai fadbn, ^^-^aJll tfW^
BAY
(909)
BEA
latification, Ju^ tdltidf Jua^uJ tashyld,
Ci^UI Mat, Jujlj taaiftd, J-^
toifil See Confirmation.
iatifiedy jyU mukarrar, C^yt muHtkkad,
latifier, i. _]lc j jIo^ mutddtk ^ala\
latify, 9. ^Ac ^J^^^ tddak ^ala\
latio (proportion), <Lm»1:^ mundsahat,'
See Bate,
tational (endowed with reason), j;Ll3
cJ\; jl sdhib idrdk, A rational crea-
tnre, ^l3 f^^yt^ haywdn ndtih. A
rational man, Jjgi^^^^l^ fd^tS ^oj^/.
national men, cJ|^o\ (^U:'*^l Mhdh
tdrdk, SeeBea8onable,Wi8e,J'adioiou8.
Nationality (rationalness), J^-Lc ^akl.
See Beason. [sonably.
ationally, Jaa ^J^ hikol^akl, SeeBea-
AtBbane,jU! \ ^ ^m a{^dr, u^ \f! 1 S-'j/
^ard3 al hdlik. See Arsenic,
avage, v. (lay waste), s-']^ J^-^fi ^
fnal khardh. See Sack, Bansack,
Plimder, Spoil. *- The army of the
enemy ravaged the whole oonntry,
adu kharahn al hUdd kollahd,
takhirih, JJuj ta^ll,
See Bain, Spoil, Waste.
khardh. See Desolate.
mukharrtb.
ivage
ivaged, 4->1
Imager,
i^e, V. L^iJb hata\ Ton rave about
;lie full moon in the ranlt of heaven ; leaye
yff thy delusions, for she is my heloved, not
;bat moon: her charms oatvie the revival
>f the dawn, ^ 15* j*^' ^*^ S^*H^
,^el, 9. i-JJ 2a^9 Aj} haram, 9^/>- khoT'
fa^. See Entangle, Perplex, Involye.
mal, ^j\pr J^yt
Baven, 9. ih idgh, (^Sji ghirdh, jl3
kdk. See Crow.
Bavenons, ^Jj^t oitiSifZ. A ravenous ani-
haywdnjdrih* See
Bapacious.
Bavenously, XjL 4^^ &ti^/ tharah,
Bavenousness, iiJU sharah, ik^ lahfaL
Baving, adj. ^^y^ majnun. See Fran-
tic ; also Delirious.
Bavish, v. (a woman), ^^ fadah ; (to
seize by violence), t^ih^ khaiaf; (to
transport, delight), ^.\ ahhaj.
Bavisher, s, ^li fddA.
Baw (not concocted), Ar^^ khdm; (un-
ripe), ^ faf. See Immature. — (un-
skilful), AjiwLf. glufhlm. Half-raw
(meat), (J nay. Baw silk, li kast.
Bay, 9. &U^ 9ha^^ The rays of the
sun, ^jM««^\ cU^ 9ha^^ a9h9ham9.
Bay, «. (fish), ^jmJ^\ ;^<n4.i.i Mrnoi^ attur9.
Bay, 9. See Array ; Streak.
Baze, V. ^JJb hadam. See Base, Efiaccj
Bazor, 9. iSi^ u^y ^^ hildka.
Beach, v. (touch with the hand), ^/m^
lanuu ; (to arrive at, attain), J^j we9el,
^1j balaghf |J«a>- ha99al; (to fetch
from a distance and give), ^-'^- /S&.
To reach (penetrate to), J^ J dakhal^
jij 9u;/ai; (to be adequate to), jjl^
ter<3/a^; (to extend), J^ madd, LubJ
34«a^; (to be extended), f^&^\ amtad»
As far as the eye can reach, J^jji
¥>Ai\ kadar madd al ba9ar. To reach
or vomit, ijSc^\ uia/ragh.
Beach (extent), J^Jcl^I imtiddd; (intel-
lectual capacity), ^Jl«!\ iy^\ al ihl-
wat al mudrikat, Jl& ^oi^/, cJ|^j)
KEA
(910)
BEA
idrdh; (a fetch, contrivance), iLt^
hllah. See Stratagem.— (power), iji^i
hudrah. A reach or reaching (to
Tomit), ^jiaJi istifragh.
Re-act, r. (return the impnlae), jJJ
dafa^, trb *^«*t' ^^J ^'^^' ®^ ^P^^
Re-action, 5-3 J <^/t- See Repulsion.
Read, v. U *flr(l. I am a King, and the
son of a King. I read the Kuran according to
the seven traditiona, and perueed Tanons
works under the tuition and auspices of differ-
ent learned professors of their sulqect, I
studied astrology and the comnositions of the
poets, and made myself so profiaent m aU the
sciences, that I surpassed aU my contempora-
riee, Ji>\ C^ !/^ C^^\C^d\
JUj J4^ u:^ ^^ (.jW^
Heading, ». hS^ mutalifot, i']/ *»•
rdat. See Study, Lecture.— To teach
by reading or lecture, ^^-^ J itorroa.
Rieader, ». ^Jj karl- See Student.—
—A public reader (in a university,
etc.), ^J^ mudarrU.
Readily, 'lU. hdUan, ^li^;-* wircflton ;
(wilHngly, eagerly), i^?^ J^ ^»^^^
Readiness (state of being ready), ^^
(promptftude), l&j^ tur^t ; (willing-
ness, eagerness), ij^s- ghlrat.
Re-admission, JJ J^ ^ J^*^ <^«**«^
minjadld. ^ [minjadld.
Re-admit, v. Jj^Xt ^T* t)^*^ rf«Af«A«Z
Re-admitted, x^^ d^ J^^b dfaHi? Wnl
marrah.
Ready (at hand),y.*W AaiJi r, ^-^isWi
mustahdir, J jc; dn^pr^ miato^ti^. See
Present, Prepared.— (prompt, qirick),
«yj^ «artc; (acute of understand!.
^ /tfAiVfi. Ready money, ^^
nam. See Money. —Ready to reeai^
J^ Jjcu*^ muiiaiid W iiiW. A
ready answer, ^l.^ <-r-**j-^ i**^
Mrfir. Ready at an answw. />
L^\y^ Udir W jawah. To nab
ready, j2s>^ haddar. See Prepst-
To be ready, -isr tdhaddar, ^
M^a^euf. He made ready the accoabow
8nd weapons, and mounted, with his fstei ■'.
the Jinn and of mankind, upon the esnt
with the hiids flying OTcr bU head, ^
wild heaatB heneath the carpet masat,
And I commanded the oook to w^ bft
and buy something, and get it ready a
cooked for supper; then I entered the jiar
and slept, JU ^^ J^ j^^ ^f'
Real (genuine, not fictitious), ^
hamHy -^ •ahlh, J^A^ ^
Real knowledge, ljy\,m ^W uJ>
o^ mu^arif d ma^naunyai, A i»
estate, ^Ur ^akdr, fjoj\ ari. »
Estate.
Reality, ^LIs*- ^^i«^.
Realize, r. fjh^ hakkak.
Really,'\iA-A5^ haklkatan, U-iJ y«^
JuLas^Ij &»^ halnkai.
Realm, ». CJ^ mtdh, KL*^ wa****^
XJ^ J dawlat. See Kingdom.
Re-animate, r . .X» J^ ^^^^ ^^1 **?■'
minjadld. See ReyiYC, Inspirit
Re-annex, r. JJJ^r ^^ tJU\ ^^"^
BEA
(911)
REB
leap, V. Jwa»- hatad. See Gather, Ob-
tain.— No longer attempt to beguile me, for
thou Tilt not attain thy object. What thou
leekest from me is impoMible. Thon bait aown :
reap, then, rexation and final destruction,
Uu:
'JJ
Ju^
^
'J
teaped» dyAsr* mahiUd.
^aper, f. jlia»- luuidd, Ju^l^- hand,
Leaping-hook, J^scu manjah See Hook.
^aping-time, jlosi'l ^Uj toman al
hudd. See Harvest.
:ear, reai^gaard, rearward, t.^^CuuJiItZjU
9dkai d ^Jtar, jLuji] j:>^yt mawkhar
al ^Jcor.
e-ascend, v, <J4 J^ ^ >■ i W ^^^ mm
fadid. See Ascend,
eaaon (reasoning faculty), Jlc ^oit/,
j^fuhm, cJ\jSi idrak, i^J^I if]^l
a/ kUtcat almudrikat ; (a ground, prin-
ciple, cause, motive, argument), \_ -^i^rt
gahah, \^^^^^y mHjih, ^lL^jI^ wdsitah,
(aJ^^b i^dc^M, JJ J (2a/!/. See Cause.
— (moderation, moderate demand),
jJ1*\i£l i^iddl. See Bight, Justice. —
For this reason, (.iXJi Jsj-l ^^ mm
wfl zdlih. See Account, For, Because.
— Endowed with reason, JJ^t^J zn
akl (pi. JjAc 4^jj s^tt^f ^ttJtfl/). See
Etatiooal. — Consistent with reason,
J^,ft,.^.^ ma^ila/. See Beasonahle. —
^ith clear reasons, als'^t. ^ jU hiadil-
atin wddihah, Words or things con-
istent with reason, ^zSi^^ji^ ma^kaldL
^rt thou of a rank to attain to this high emi-
ence, or rather has thy reason decreased to
lis extreme d^ee that thou confrontest me
-ith these wor£ ? Art thou dreaming P and
ow dost thoa dream snch dreams f Inform
te then what has happened to thee, and I
rill not blame thee ! ^^^ kAj J^
♦ dill ^j>^ U Jj^\i ♦ f£>.\ 1 jjjb
Beason,r. (argue rationally), i^L^^ hahas,
<^lrwL/s ^4^ ^ama/ mubdhasah, J^^fi
^yL« ^ama/mMAtf'^a^. See Discourse,
Debate, Discuss, Ai^e, Dispute, De-
liberate, Talk, Examine.
Beasonahle (endowed with reason), JiU
^kU, See Bational. — (just, proper,
agreeable to reason), t^,^^>J[i>^ mundith,
J^A«/s ma^k&l, ^^yt muwdfik, jji
ldyik,J)\t^ jdyit.
Beasonableness (fitness, propriety), XJU
laydkaty I^^jl^ ma^hdiyai ; (modera-
tion), JtjCLfil i^ttddl.
Beasonably (agreeable to reason), c yj
Ji«ll (ji^yt hinaw^in mutodfik lil^aJtl,
J^&JL^ ^^ hiwq^htn ma^kul.
Beasoner, «. lL^^L^ mubdhis, Jiff\:^
mund%ir.
Beasoning, «. 4(i>.Lw« mubdhasah^ sJio\i^
mund%arah ; (logical), jia:^^ mantik.
See Beason, Logic, Argument.
Beasonless, J^LU .^ ghayr ndtik. See
Unreasonableness. [minjadld,
Be-asalemble, i>. Jj J^ ^ ^^^A^jama^
Be-assert, v. (assert again), Jj «X>- tj^jji
karrar mmjadid; (claim again), t_Jl*
*X[*x^ iir« ^^»^ fninjadld. See Assert
Bebel, «. ^If ^d«l.
Bebel, v. ^^^ ^eH, ^Ic ^\j kdm ^ak%
^\s, jU %dr ^d9l. See Mutiny.
BEC
(912)
BEC
Bebellion. ij^^a^ ^atdwai, ^^^^^c ^tM-
ydn, i:sj JUnat. See Mutiny, Insar-
rection. [Motinous.
Eebellious, ^c^^lfi ^dA. See Bebel ; 0^0
Bebound, v, lai nat^ hj ^Jaa ^amal ran'
fMh, See Beyerberate, Becoil.
Beboundi ^jtSx. ^ah, ^jmI^I in^tkas,
Bebuild, r. a^j ramram. See Boildi
To repair. [Beprimand.
Bebuke, v. ^^ wMakh. See Chide,
Bebuke, i, aj) lawm, fX^ fnaldmf ^^,y
tawhlkh,
Bebuked, f^y^ mutoabhakh.
Becally V. Jo J^ ^^ c^^JJ? talib min jo*
did. To recall to life, ^<-:»>^l ahya\
See Beyive.— To recall to memory.
See Becollect. [Betract.
Becant, «. i^Jj\ ankar ^alayhi. See
Becantation, jld inhar,
Beoanter, ^^Ci/t munkir,
Becapitulate, v, ,<^Jt^ \ 4}lc ^a<? al ma^\
Becapitulation, ft^\j\j3 tikrar al ka-
Idm, aH^] l^^ i? jUI i^dat natijat
al kaldm.
Beoede, v. uJ^t tnsaraf, l^'^v^ ta-
jannah. See Betire, Becoil, Desist.
Beceipt, «. (discharge), J^^ tousUl;
(receiving), j\asr\ ittikhdZy J^^ wusuL
Beceivable, jUr^ll j;jll layik al ittikhdt.
Beceive, v. (take), JLj tasallam, j^l
a^^s; (accept), JJ M^/; (get, ob-
tain), 4j<ia>- Aa«M^. See Accept,
Take, Obtain, Contain. — (to entertain
as a guest), c^Lo ddf.
Beceired, J^U mdkhUz, y^y^ tnak-
hud. "Well received, J^JU makbul.
Beceiver, s. j^J aakhiz, ^l5 kdhid.
Beceney, reoenfaiesa, ij]Jo tariwd, U
Newness, Freshness.
Beoent, dJi^jadUl. See Fresh, S^t
— (not antique), ^ju^lc^ ^Asyr tsS
Beoently, O^J^ ^^ minjaiid,
BeceptibUity, J^Jl ^UL«^ tjiiildji«/^>
Beception, J^l akh%, c\ssr\ HOwc,
Favourable reception, ^}y^ ^-
IApA tfdhat, Uj ridd; (enterx-
ment),^LM^t ^ W ^yd/mt almtvi
See Hospitality, Welcome.
Becess, recession (retirement), U>
ikhtildi (departure), Jl^^^ «^
See Secession, Betreat. — A rrs
(place of retirement), iA^ iJuit:'-
Becipe, «. (medical prescriptioii), ^
Becipient. See Beceiring, Becare.
Beciprocal, (^;si^f ^^ mtn atiany
^^j^\js\ ^ min dl jdnihln, CSj^
mtuhtarak.
Beciprocally, \Sj:jL^ mushiariian, f\
r^ia^ nanJr hinazir, Lmj w*g** ^' I
ham, ha^dan. []miwUr>
Beciprocalness, reciprocation, t^^-
Becital, ^^ takrir, iA^ hi:
^\^j riwdyaL See Bepetitioo. ^
hearsal, Enumeration.
Becite, v. tX>* Aaia*, fJ^ iJ-*^ tf
takrlr, ^ J saibir. See BepeaS.
hearse, Tell.— Be not ashamed, for the
become my brother: recite then tbt '
siDce they pleased me when I heard t'.ec
thee as thou recitedest them at the d^^- ^
upon this the porter recited to him Utos' 7'
B£C
(913)
££C
ieciied,jjS^ mukarrar, J^ai/* maniul.
teciter, «. JSU ndkU, ^^ hd]^,jjA^
mukarrir, ^^^j rdwH.
leckon, v. Jl£ ^d, (-^-^Lu^- ^Jaa ^amal
hisdh. See Number, Calculate, Count,
Enumerate. — (to esteem), jLslc) ^Ja^
^mal i^ibdr, &)/»^\ i^^^ ^mal Mi-
rdm; (to intend), Ju^ iasad. See
Purpose, De8ign.^to depend upon,
trust to), tJ^ Juk^Lci i^imad ^ala%
;eckoned (numbered), J^«X«^ ma^dud,
i ^ fyuv^ mahsuh.
«ckoner, «. i^^^^[s^ muhdtih.
m
^ckoning (computation), Cr-'L*>. hitdb,
^U^W« muhdsabat,
^laim, V. (reform), ^^ iaUah. See
Correct, Tame, Be-demand, Becall.
.ecline, v. IXj\ ittakd, jc«mJ1 inionad.
See Eepose, Best, Lean;
^luse, «. if^ls^l uy^^^ muhib alkhalwat,
recognisance, ^yc^ ma^fai.
eoognize, v.^JJ toMkkar, _!l£ ^jI^
«dd!ti^ t.^^'* See Recollect,
ecoil, V. (fall or run back), \ji^ ^rj^V\
laJ 910^. SeeEecede,Bebound,Fail, Shrink
ecollect, v.^SJ tazakkar^Jjj tafdkkar.
See Eemember.— To recollect oneself
(recover reason or resolution), ^-^^^
SmJi^ jama^ hawdsaho ; (to collect
again, to gather together what is
scattered), ^4^ jamma^, [zakiar.
^collected (remembered), ^^ jo^ mwto-
HM>llection, ^jJ tasMkkur, jSj %ikr.
See Eemembrance, Memory.
KM>mmence, 9. JJ J^ ^ \dzj\ ihiadd
ninjadld.
Eecommenced, J^«Xs»- ^
^iuJa' minjadid,
Becommend, r. (praise), -.X« madah,
u^j iffosaf; (introduce to &TOur),
«X>-\ ^ ^^^ i^mm' fl ahhad. See
Commend.
Becommendable, L^^\ i i^w« mtM^-*
mukarram. See Commendable.
Becommendation, J^;.^«^^J %ikrjamU,
Ju4>g». (^jLtf^ «;a{^ ^mlJ. See Praise,
Commendation.^ (introduction to fa-
Your or service), l^yS iawiiyai. A
letter of recommendation,^Ltfy ii^jiC*
maktub tawnyat.
Becommended, .^iXk^ mamdHih, See
Praised. — (introduced to favour or ser-
ai
vice), ij L<^y* muwoita* bihi,
Becommender, -.jU tnddth. See Com-
mender. — (to favour), ^^y muwa$A.
Becompense, »»j>'\ ajr, \j>- jmd, s\i\L^
mukd/dh, i\)\^ mujdzdt. See Be ward.
We did good to them, and they returned ui
the rererae ; and such, bv my life, is the con-
duct of the wicked ; thus he who acteth kindly
to the uttdeaerying is reoompeiued in the same
manner as the aider of Umm ^amir,UL)U
Becompense, v, (reward), i)|jls^ ^ J^i^c
^mal laho mujdzdh, »LilX« ^ jj.-^^^
^mal laho mukd/dh ; (to make up by
something equivalent), Jju ^LL^I
a^tdh badal. See Bepay, Bequite,
Compensate.
Becompensed, t/jL«^ mujd%i^, 15*^"^
mukd/a\i\i\L%i\ ^Juc J-pU-Ad«i7^afa'
oZ mukd/dh, ' [^amal minjadid.
Becompose (form anew), «X|«x>- ^^^ Jaa
68
BEC
(914)
BEC
Beoonciki v. JU sdlah, dLs)Li^ ^Jaa
^mal muidUJiah ; (to make anything
consistent), ^ ioUah, c-.^L« aUc
^amalaho mundiib, JhJ\y* *i-** ^ama-
laho muwdfik.
Reconcilable (capable of reconciliation),
muta^d m musdlahat; (consistent),
(ji\y tnuwOftk, w^li^ mundsih, JjS
Idyik.
Beconcilableness, isJUa^S^ u^' imi&n
al musdlahat. See Consistency.
Reconciler, s. JUa^ mu8dUh,jL*A^ sam-
sdr. See Mediator.
Eeconciliation, reconcilement, ^Ls^La^
inusdlahat, J^ sulh.
Recondite, jijty mughM, jLl^ mmh-
kih See Obscure, Occult.
Reconquer, v. ^^^ *V.*^ cT* ^^^ ^"^
iamalldk minjadid ^ala\
Reconvene, v. J^A^- ^ ^aj>^ jama^
minjadid. See Reassemble.
Record, v.^jJl^ Juj ^ayyfli? J»7 <?<i/il«r,
j^j mkar, ^S^ madah. See Celebrate.
By the Almighty! 0 youth, I will do thee
an act of kindness for which I shall be re-
membered, and a favour which historians shall
record and keep to the end of the time ; then
he sat and conversed with him, <Uj\^
S^^/S\ %j^ uiU^ ^^ J J^k
Record, «.^ J dafiar (pL^liJ dafdtar\
See Register. [wkhar.
Recorded, *xX« mukayt/ad, ^Si^ muta-
Recover, v. (as anything lost), J.a&- A<m-
«a/. To recover (a sick person), l-^^J^
Uiyyah, To recover health, c^U? <a^.
Then he recorered his senseB, and he looked to
the right and left, f»at nw m ok ia t£
desert, and he feared for hiiiMif ea «ct<e
of the wild beasts, 4a^A>f ^,^ J^^ i!
" * ■
I took courage, therefore, vhen I bend vi'
she said, and mv family rnoiQed tkst 9.
and I reooToed my healtn, and tite -
woman departed, but afae letoned will if
countenance changed.
-S\v.*»
Recoverable (possible to be regtis:
attahoAl ; (possible to be recoveicdfrc
sickness), iLlSl JjIS ilbdftt/ aM»&.
Recovered (found), J-osr* mkAmm/; >
a sick person), ^j^\ ^»y f^ ^P
min al marad. [tai^
Recovery (from sickness), iLl thafi,*^
Recount, v, ^^^^ haka\ ^jLC^ J^
haka'hildi/atyj^khalhar. See^
— (count again), Jj
Juuab minjadid.
Recourse, ij^]j^ murdja^L See V
turn. — (application for help or js^i'
tion), Iscul ilt^'d, jU:.«of istindi, i
Refuge.— -May God prolong tiiy life, as-i r
thee eternal permanence, and maye^ i^v-
cease to subdue those who oppose thet>, «*
be the refuge of those who liaTe r»t?cr^
thee, and the adrocate of those who ptn *^
confidence in thee ! *
Recreate, v. »J3 nauah. See Pek!
Gratify, Revive. — To recreate ss*
^JA; tafarrqf, njiJ Unasssah, ^j^,
^mal tayrdn. See Befreeh, Take &
EEC
(915)
BED
sioiL — Aad tben he said, Ante wilh », 0 my
node, and gt> forth wiHi u to the garden. 80
they went to the garden, and profweded to
diyert and recreate themselvesy *d JU5
lecreation, dJ:J tanauuh, ^\;^ sayr^n^
^ laho, A pleasant place for recrea-
tion, ijpj:^ (J^^ mahal muntMoh. See
Eefreshment, Reasore, Amasement,
Diyersion.
tecreative, recreating, ^^/^ mushrth,
tecrementy . recremental. See Dross,
Drossy.
tecriminatei 9, ^ff iaham.
tecrimination, Ju^ tuhmai.
Lecrinunator, Jb\j idhim.
tecmit, V. ^^j isA akha% rawh, J^\
f^^f^ akhan nafas. See Strengthen,
Augment, Bepair. — To recruit an
army, JjJks*- iLux J lam ^askarjadid.
See Levy.
ecmit, 8. (supply), jb w>)^ tzdiyad, if jb J
%%y&daL See Augmentation, Addition.
— A recruit for the army, ^L*c i^
StiJiXp^ lammat ^asdkir jadldah.
ectangular, ^h-I^ ^»^a:um>< musidklm
€uadwiyah,
sctifiable, Ji^1\ J-jli hahil al isldh,
\ ^^X«^ mumkin aUashih,
\s^ tashlh,
i^^^Juu ta^dUl, \aahhaK
jctify, V, J^ sallah, J»Xc ^addal, ^^
^ctified, }^'^^muiaUah,,^^*miMahkah,
»ctilinear, ^J%«n^ \2^ • J su khattin
nustaklm.
cti tude (uprightness), JLfiialdhfi^\ya
awdh, ^IumiI iitikdmat.
^ctification, ^X»a\ iiidA,
Beotor* See Bnler, QoTemor.
Becumbeney, \iJ\ UHkd. See Bepose.
Becumbenty^jf'^^^mtMJda;!^. See Lying,
Beclining.
Becur, «. (haTe recourse to), ^r^j ^'^J^^j
^\ ^<^^ Maja' aa\ See Betum,
Take refuge. — To recur to the mind,
<db 4j^ khatarfl hdlihi. See Occur.
Bed,^^^«i>-\ ahnar (fern. ^/^»^ hamrd, pi.
j^^^' humr),
Bedden, v. (make red),y4N>- hammar;
(to grow Ted)tj^t>^\ ihmar,
Beddish, j\as^ JjI« mStytl lU hamdr.
Bedeem, v. ^^Ji fada*, ^jAS- khalku.
See Bansom, Deliyer. — To redeem a
pledge, fj^J^ CXi fak arrakn. To re-
deem oneself, ^LmaJ ^si fada* nafsaho,
Bedeemable, \jJ&\ Jj\j k&hU al fidd,
Bedeemableness, Ijilf ^LLli kdliliyat al
Jidd. [muftadl. See Free.
Bedeemed, j^Xslu^ mun/adl, ^xs^J^
Bedeemer, «. jm^ munkvt, ,^j1j fidl,
^JaS,s^ mukhalku. Oar Bedeemer (the
Messiah), .^v^^^ Uj jli/d^nd altnatlh.
Be-deliver, v. ^ J^ ^ Jua sallam mtn
jadld. See Bestore, Pay. [/sifti.
Be-demand, v. J^ Jc^ ^ ^.^^JlI? ^aiai min
Bedemption, \i^ fidd, ^Hb^ khalds.
Bed-hot, jUJ\ JS^jAs^\ JuJo^ ^Mfii
tf^mar mul anndr.
Bedlead, ^^^Lj taldkun. See Lead.
Bedness, il^^.4.»- ^ttmrtf^, j\a,^ hamdr.
Bedouble, v. (to double twice), uji^li
<^dca/. See Double.
Bedoubled, L^fl-r.La,^ mudd^af. See
Doubled. — (often repeated), iX* mu-
karrar,
Bedoubt, t. i^r^»^ ^m". See FortificatioD.
P-im
(916)
EKF
BedoQbtable,Tedoabted, u
c^lf« muhdh. See Fonnidable
Bedress (amendment), ^l^\uldhf
toihlh. See Beformation. — (relief,
remedy), «p*lc ^(l^jg ^U^ mu^lajai.
Where is the ledrees? St\A\ <— i*^
Bedress, r. (amend), J^ jaUlsA; (to
remedy, relieve), ^l>> Jsf ^malchSra.
Bedressed, J*^^ mtuallah.
Bedresser, t. ^^'^^^ mtwofft^.
Bedacc, v, (bring back), ^^j rqffa^;
(to subdue), c^Jlc j^halah^ k^^ io^o^,
^ Juthar; (to make lees, diminish),
JIS Jtallal, ^^ nakkoi. To redace to
nothing, aJ^^I a^iJom. See Annihi-
late.— To reduce to order, Uai maam*
To reduce to poverty, ^iil afkar^ Aax.
jjii ^maiaho fakir. See Impoverish,
Make poor.
Beduced (brought back to a former state),
1^1^ U^ ^Tr* inurqjlfa^ htmd kdn ;
(subdued), c,,>y»^ fnagMnh; (dimin-
ished), Jii^ mukaUal ; (degraded),
Jjljff^ ma^nl. Beduced to poverty,
jkJut muftakir. "Know that thy soul
18 about to quit the world, and to perish and
depart from it ; then wilt thou be reduced to
destruction ; and it is the worst abode to which
thou art going, L3 jJJ cIXjIj ^f ^\
Beducible, JlL« ^^o j^^ JjU k&bil an
ffaknn mukaUal.
Beduction (bringing back), if jU^ i^dst,
^-^y tarfl^ ; (subjugation), tJSS^
tamalhtk, J^ fath ; (diminution).
CAaAJ
takhflf, ^jfoJc^ imbM^
Uugklr\ (degradation
duction to slavery, jl3^f uiirlai
See Captivity.
Bednndanoe, redundancy, ^«3^ tiffiic
kyi ifir&i. See Saperfloity, £x>
beranoe.
Bedundant, Jjtj sdyd, ^^^ waJir^S
hatsfr. See £3:uberanty SoperfiwnL
Bedundantly, \jj}j%djfdaHy \jJi^i§£m-
Bednplication, uJIm\ ad^f.
Beduplicate, redaplicative, f^JieX^ m-
da^f. See Double.
Be-echo, v. ^<c\j 4^4^ ^aaui fdgln.
Beed, «. iLdi htuahat, A writing leed.
Ji kalam.
Beek. See Smoke, Steam, Vapour.
Beel, «. (for yam), jCt tayydr, LiJ
Beel, V. (yam), ^^ ghasud, i^lS l»
Be-election, 4>£J^ ^ c^lAil iW^i^ic;
Be-enjoy, v. ^*\5^ ^^ ^<^V ijU
tMorraf hU ihy minjadid,
Be-enter, v. iSo J^ ^ J^^iJ dakkdm
jadid. See Enter. [mti«>fU
Be-examine, v. J^ «X>- ^^ j^^^^s:^ /*»*
Befer, v, (to have relation), ^^ l_ •
intasab ila\ To refer (for inibcc
tion, decision, etc.), ^<i fidbar, ^'^
jjl mAot ila\ To refer to arbi»
tion, ^^^^^ i^y fawtpod si emr w
Beference, referendary, «. ^^^ irtffc-
See Arbiter, Mediator. — A repor: s
state affairs presented to the king If
referendaries, ^^c^sr* taHJ^s.
Beference (relation, analogy), LAs. n
kat, JLwJ nMai, l^^LmIjI tnti$dh; 1
another for anjrthing).
1
BEF
(917)
BEF
Elefine, r. (purify), ^J^ Mffii^ j^ hof'
rar. See Back off. — (to make ele-
gant), c-AjJl? Aa£. ^ankdaho sutrff,
^fljiVil AaS' ^mdldho latlf. See Polish.
— (to beeome elegant), cJj^^jL^ 9&r
jwri/.
defined (purified), ^X^^ muiaffa* ; (ele-
gant, nice), i»-fl£ji^ %arif (fern. ^^Jo
zarifat), cJJal latlf (fern. iUti Ml-
fat) i (subtile), ^j rafx^
tefinement (from dross, etc.), ^uLaJ
taafiyah ; (elegance), ^\J^ tarafat,
J[»iy latafat\ (subtilty), IsMj rafa^.
lefiner, «. (from dross, lees, etc.), tJ'-*^^
fnmaffi\ (a subtile reasoner), ^^J^
muddkMk. [See Bepair.
:«nt, t7. i*^^ ramramj j^j rammam.
^fiect, 9. (throw back), Jj rod, (^^Jou\
in^hoi. To reflect (consider atten-
tively), 4^^*17 immtMi^^Aj tafakkar.
See ConsidM', Meditate. — (to throw
reproach), f^'i Ulm, See Censure,
Beproach, Accuse.
dflected (thrown back), ^j^t^jc^ mun-
^iis. Beflected on (considered), ^^>[ii.^
muiafakkir, J^'li^ mutaammtl; (cen-
sured), (^y^ nuumUm.
^flection (throwing or bending back),
jM'^^l m^Htds. Beflection of light,
f^\ ^j^Sjc ^oJbb annnr. The reflection
Tom a mirror, (jmUju! in^ikds. Be-
lection (meditation), JJ«'Ij taammtd,
Zaj tafakkur, jyaS ioMwumr* See
Thoaght. — ^Beflection (censure), JulU
%4ildmat^ #* J %amm. See Blame.
Qectire, reflecting, reflector, ^j»Sjc^
lun^akts; (considering), J^'b;^ mu-
aammilfljG^ mutafaUirm
Beflez (directed backwards), {ju^>jl^
ma^kiU.
Beflezibility, u»Jji\ ^IC«1 lim^na/ ^Ab^
(jmUjuSI ^^ ^hiUyat al in^ikda,
Beflexible, ^^^ilt JjU idhU al cak$,
^Uju^t ^;db« mumhin al in^ids*
Beflourish, r. •>£ tXsf- ^j^^;^ mA^ m%n
jadld. See Flourish. [tZf»' ward,
Beflow, r. (flow back), \j^ ^\ jU ^ai
Beflux (<rf the sea), y^^^jj^r ytf«r al
hahr. The flux and reflux of the tide,
flsrlj Jull a/ ffuii waljaar,
Beform, v. ^ saUah. See Amend,
Correct, Improye. [Uulih.
Beform, reformation, ^t^\ isldh, ,f^^
Beformed, ^^ nrnaUah.
Beformer, 9. ^J"^^ muMUih.
Befract, 9. (break the natural course of
rays), jyJI {j»Sx> ^akas annHr.
Befraction, (jyu^ ^ah, ^^1^1 tn^tkdi.
Befracted, (jm^jl^ ma^kUi.
Befractive, ^jSfi\ Sy kuwai al ^aks.
Befractoriness, j\ix, ^indd, ifjjU^ mu-
^nadat, JjAj tamarrud. See Obstinacy.
Befractory, JjAS>^ mtUamarrid, JjU^
mu^dnid. See Obstinate. — ^To be re-
fractory, JjJk) tamarrad.
Befragable, ^^;aki\^jLt^ muml%n annatd,
Befrain, i^. ^^ m v •; ^\ mtana^ ^an,
y^ k-^-cjis*-! ijtanab min, ^j^jji>>'\
ihtaroi min, [sha^^,
Befrangibility, cUmJIjLuJu! tnktadratk
Befran^ble, uJV^)! JjU kdha al in-
htrdf. See Befraction, etc.
Befresh, r. (after pain or labour), ^]/^t
utardh. See Becreate. — (to refriger-
ate), J J larrad. See Cool. — (to re-
pair), M^j rammam. See Betouch.
SEF
(918)
EEO
fiefreshedy i^Jr***^ miM^tfrU. See Be«
created. — (oooled)i J^ mii&4mMX»
Eefreshment, ^L>>1; rdA«; (food), aUL
to^Am. See Recreation, Food, Best
Befreehing, refrigerent (coding), J^
Itefingerate, 9. Jy hmrad. See €W.
Refhge (or place of reftige), Lir* m«^,
JL« ifuii^. The refbge of the woild,
J\ji\ \J^ mt^'d al ^lam. Therefoge
of the poor, SyJiS jL* maldsL alfidoard,
[Eastern titles.] To take refuge,
^\ ^jfS\ au^ M. To giro refuge,
U^ ^\ 4^U' mdja. See Shelter.
Befugee, t. ,-s£lL« nudUtfh [door.
Befulgence, UJ dfird, ^ iaw» See Splen-
Befolgentyjji^ munawwir. See Bright,
Glittering, Splendid.
Beftind, v, ^rj ^W^f ^3 ^(^fi» Soe
Bepay, Bestore.
Befosal, Jij\ inkdr, ^\:^^\ mtind^.
See Bejection, Denial, Bepnlse.
Befose, v. _j1 aha\ ^>s^\ mtana^.
See Deny, Begect, Bepulse. — To re-
ftise to accept, J^ ^ w:j^1 mUh
na^ ^ kabul,
Befuse, «. (worst part of anything,
leavings), ll^aifadkU, i^\ij nafHwat,
See Dregs, Sediment.
Befosed, J^^^AcyAoyrmo^il/, <^^
mard^d. See Bepnlsed.
Befuser, «. Ji^^y^'* h&Ul,
Befatation, JILjI %bM, ^^ nahd.
Befute, V, ^u]lc«5; rad^tdayhi, a!jS jlajl
^^ .
Befated, ^joyU^ SMnJhli.
Begain, «. ^,;^MM^ jU ^di haA. See
Get, Obtain, Gain.
Begal, ^^ muluH. [lunmest
Begalement See Befteshment, Ents^
Begality. See Boyalty, Soveragatj.
B^ard, e. (valne, e8teem),^^«sx^ t^tir;
(to obserye, attend to, remark], j&
iMsor, la>J fo/bi. See LooL-^u
have a relatioin to), ^\ i^ mm\)\ inkd
%U\ To r^;ard one's promiie, l";
Begard (respect, reverence, afBeetkn
1^/5 ^a;(ri«>, j\^\ i^Odr, |»|/>
a^tirdm ; (attaiti<m), £k>X# smiib^
so/ ; (reference, relation), imJi^ »
ndM^o^ ; (look), Joj fuesar, joi hm
Begardable, Ila:i-)Uf ^•-r-^S ^J^ ^
mMhaut. See Observable.
Begarded (esteoned), ^^^jjk^ wmiii9
See Observed, Noticed, Bemaiiei
Begardfdl, l3»4^ mtd&hi^ See k3S8r
tive, BespeotfoL
BegardfWly, jlix^ Jio »«jM uAj
See Attentively, Bespectftdly.
Begardless, Jili ghSLfi, See Osr^
Inattentive.
Begeney (government, authority), X«y>
hukamat^ J^ Mbn. See GofC-
ment, Aathority.—Ooveamment if ^
vioeroy, ilAJtiilJ m^dhatidw^
Begenerate, «. dA^jaddad. SeeBep
duee.-Begenento, jlc« «»^«1U|
Begent (governing), ujfl^H u^l' "^l
a/ nudik. See Yioeroy, lientemot-
Begieide, «. CXUf JJlS ildM «/ mA
Begidde, il5l4]l J:i ib^J «/ MftL I
Begimen (medical preseriptioa fQr<Si|
Ui^l Mimd.
Begiment, ^.^Cimx 4^)1 «2dy ^«ilsr.
BBH
(919)
BXJ
legion, aJjI aldlm, jL halad, jlb hOdd^
See Country, Land, District, Tract.
Register, s.jiit} daftar (pl.y \i J dafdtir),
ToregiBter,yk5J»Sb dlihayyadhil daftar.
See Becord. [jaM.
l^prant, v, S^diP^ ^ ,^l^ manah min
legret, cJ««i'lJ taastaf, iji^^ hawat,
a£ yAam. See Sorrow, Grief, Vexation,
Lamentation, Repentance. — ^No, answered he,
hj him who cast thee into this pit ; bat I wept
for the length of thy past life, and in my re-
gret at thy not having &llen into this pit
before the present day. Hadst thoa fiillen
into it before I met wiA thee, I had ex-
perienced rest and ease. But then hast been
spared to the expiration of thy decreed term
and fixed period! C^ ii ^di\^ H Jl&i
egret, v, ^Ic uJ^'lj iaauaf ^ala\
egretied,^Mk^J^*\s^mutaa8iaf^ahffhu
egalar, arAcUSl (J^^y^ muwOfit al kd^i-
egalaritj, f^^iaaj\ intiatdm, Lm^Ji twT'
ilh. Withoat r^^olarity, ^
hUd tarHh. [muw&fik al h&n^n,
sgnlarly, ^^yldl JJ^^y^U^, hinaw^n
3gulate, V, J^ nanam, im^j rattab.
See Adjust, Arrange, Order, Direct.
)gtilated, ^^^j^ muratidbf (^jo:^ man-
mm. [ment. Method.
^^lation, \.^^^JHartlh. SeeArrange-
^gulator, im^f mwraitib, fie)\j ndwim,
(hearsal, jijj iakrfr, if jlcl icddai.
^ee Repetition, Becital.
->-i^
Behearse, v, J^ larraTf jU ^d£ See
Bepeat, Eelate.
BehearsedyjJCs mukarrar.
Eeject, 1^. J J radd, ^ na/a\ See Re-
fuse.— ^For all the Kings of the Sea haye de-
demanded her (k him, and he refused, and
approved not one of them, bnt rejected them
aU, and said to them, Ton are noi equal to her
in beauty, nor in loveliness IjjL^a ^VJ
Bejeoted, J^JL^j^ ghayr WMikb^ki^yOj^
Rejeetion, Oj rod, [moftdl,
Beign, 9. (exercise sovereign authority),
S^ hakam, CSLu tamaUak.
Beign (sovereignty), <>.vVil.o taltanat,
ffis^- hulm, [Bepay.
Beimburse, v, ^ ^ J dafa^ Idho, See Pay,
Beimbursement. See Bepayment, Bepa-
ration. • [mnjaHd.
Be-impregnate, p. Jj Ji>- ^^ J*»^ habhdl
Bein (of a bridle), fi\J Ujdm (pi. ^
lufm). See Bridle, Halter.
Bein, v, Jt£e lafdm. See Bridle.
Beinforoe, v. (give additional strength),
iyi\ j\j ndd al kawal. To reinforce
an army,^;LMal\ j|j wdd al ^oiakir.
Beinforcement, «. i^\ ic\ij tifddal al
Hwat, J>j^\ j\>Jj\ %%d%ydd al ^oihar.
Bejoice, v. (be glad), -^i fartkf j^\
insar, LmaJ^ inhatat, ]aa^ inha%. See
Exult.— (to make glad), ^y /«^^-
See Exhilarate, Gladden.— To rejoice
ft * A
at another's misfortune, Jk>>i (J ^ji^^^a^
9hem$t ft ahhad. So when the King heard
these words from her he rejoiced, and his
heart became tranquilUsed, and he thanked
her for them ; his love for her increased, and
penetrated to his heart's core, ^c^ Uii
•RltT.
(920)
BEL
Bejoiced,^tyAMMt miMrtlr. See Olad.
Bejoicer (in other peoples distresB),
LZ.^\J^ ihdmet (pi. ^^l& «Admt;^tl»,
and obL ^jiP^\J^ ihamiUn). Bat say
to the Tejoicen in our dutreas, Wait yet a
little, before yon haTe miBfortime6| and very
great ones too, Li ^;>t?-^^ ^^^ J^
Bejoicing, t. WLmJ^ tnhisdt, ^Lsif^ hah^'at.
She distributed the usual presents and sugar,
and incense was burnt, and scented cosmetics
were proftuely made use of; it was a day
of great public r^oicing, and all the lords
of the empire, the generals of the army,
Idlers thenuelves were delighted!
and the so.
Bejoin, v, (to meet again), J^ J^ ^^ v^l
laJta' minjaild; (to reply), c->^yr ^j
raddjawah. See Answer.
Beiterate, v. J^ Jsarrar. See Bepeat
Beiteration,^\^ tikrdr.
Be-jadge, r. *>iJ^ ^^ f^ hakam min
jadid. See Be-examine, Beview.
Be-kindle, v. t>£<^>- ^ J*^ sha^ mm
jadld.
Belate, v. (recite), ^Jl^ ^*a*. See Tell.
And I related to her my story from beginning
to end. She was grieved at my case, and
wept, and said, I aim will acquaint thee with
my story, ^ ^ ^/^^ V ^^^3
^U IW* s.^ ^Hl ^\ J^il
Belated (told),,Xa:^«MiAib'; (connected
bv blood), L, ^*Mi} fuuHh, See Belatiye.
Bdation (narrative), iZi hmk, ^i^
mayohyj^ hkdhmr (pLjl^\ Mdf)
Aoooiding to the forgoing relays.
al nuak&r. Belation (reierenoe, n-
gard, respect), Aile ^uldkak, c.:^
%nt%96h. Belation, relationBhip [tii-
dred), LUi kardbai, i,,.H.'f immI. ^
relation, rektive (kinsman), u^;^
ibrift; (kinswoman), i-J^ ^*^
Belation of two women marryiof tr.
brothers, isL» tOfat (pi. «^*UL dfii
Belative, UytjM.;^ iii4m«ic6, u^^-i-
munioiob. A relative pnmoon, jn^
M^f^ inn mtf^Aam. [st^
Belatively, i-J nMo^ms, i-Jli i"-*
Belativeness, iL.>U^ minwlttiia^. SeeEr
lation.
Belator, ^/^ ^^- See Narrator.
Belaz, V. (slacken, make less tense). J-'
atlak, ^j:>^j rdkha\ See Loose, 0^^
Belaxation (slackness, looseness), ^
itldh; (cessation from labour), ^
r&hat. See Best, Becess. — ^Beksai^
of mind, JUt l^\j rdhai olidL ^
Becreation. — Belaxation of care » <•
tention, JLL&Sl ^^\ inHtd^ilff^
ghdl, JUaI ihmdl. See Inddesff
Belaxed (loosened), ^^f^y »m^
Belaxed in constitution, t^^p'**^ "^
tarkkl, y li fdtir. See Languid--^
laxed in moral cr religions priodp^
v.^ j^\ ^J<^ wd9i^ al wMthah.
Belay (of horses), d^^\ J-^ ^'•
poita. [See T^
Belease,r.(from oonfin6ment),^jit1 ^
Belease (from confinement), ,j4^ ^
EEL
(921)
BEL
A release from debt, \ji\ tbrd. See
Discharge, Beoeipt.
Blent, V, (grow tender or compassionate),
>a-j raham, ^Jlc J^i-J* ihafak ^M.
3lentles8, XaaJ^ ^U mdlaho shafakdi,
(Uk>y« 2rJc^L« md^indaho marhamat.
See Merciless.
;liance. If jlcxl i^timdd ^aXo', JlCl
^J^ittdk&l^M, SeeTrast,Confidenoe.
lief (assistance), JJb« madad^ <0^U^
nu^wanat. See Help, Saocoor, Be-
ease. — (comfort), <— ^ fo^^t 4jLyJ
L^lsrl toiliyat d hh&tir. See Consola-
ion. — (remedy), —Ic ^lite;. Consider
tie doiogfl of ihy Lord, how the wishes of thy
eart come firom him with speedy relief ! and
espair not when then sufferest affliction^ for
Gw many wondtons mercies attend affliction P
\^ Uj * (JIj J*-ij^ ^^^.J t^ ^^
• •• •
ieve, V. (assist), ^^Ic ^di^an, JifiUs
i^o^. See Help, Support, Saoconr,
elease. — (to comfort), ^J-* talla\
iioii hast relieyed me from the hranch, hut
Mt not reUered me from the root! 0 my
loTed* she said, and what is the root?
cvable(asdstable), *iAMiSjfftU<ua^
u: V--l^ JjIS idM al muBd^adat ; (con-
La1>le), 1^mA\ JjU idM/ a/ tatlkfot.
3ved (assisted), iXfiLu« musd^ad;
fmfoTted), ^l^iC^ muioiolli.
^v-ez*, <. (assistant), JorL^ miMd^tli?;
eotz^orter), ,Jum*^ 9NM02ZI.
;lxtr V. (light anew), »>i*X5j- ^J^ JxJ^
Beligion, ^J din, ^l^\ imdn. The
Christian reHgion,,<£CUy^\^;j«>!\ addin
al fMuUhl. The Midiommedan religion,
AJi\ ^ J iftn alisldm. The religion
of the Magi, u^ys^S ^ji*^ din al majiU,
Observance of religion, ^OUj daydnat.
Observant of religion, ^^J t-i^^^ttf
adhib din. See Beligious.— Of no re-
ligion, ^ J 4]L« mdlaho din,
Beligions, ^^l^jt a<fyd».
Beligioos, adf. ^c^*i dlnl. See Pious.
—A religious man, ^^^y c-^-*>-Ltf idhib
din, ^U «d/tA.
Beligiously, i^ySJ JXj Mbl toibra'.
See Piously, Beverently. — (exactly,
strictly), Uo J^ Mu>l dtkkaL
Beligiousness, £Uj daydnat. See Be-
ligion, Piety.
Belinquish, v. <Ii^ ^«ife, jjs^ htyar.
See Leave, Desert, Quit, Abandon,
Forbear, Belease.
Belinquishment, Kliji tark. [mal^'ilr.
Belinquished, cl^ j-^l^ matruk, jy^
Belish (agreeable taste or flavour), j^J
%awk, irjl UtsuU ; (a slight tasting of
victuals, eto.)» *^ te^ukrf. See Sip,
Taste; aUo Liking, Delight, Cast,
Manner. — Having a fine relish, djii
lazU, Having no relish, y^ ^U md-
laho manih.
Belish, V. (give a pleasing taste to any-
thing), jJ ku.
Belished (liked), J^ makhia; (agree-
able to the palate), JjjJ 2mls.
Beluctance, £a!U:^ mukhdlafai, ijjU«
im«^S»a^^,2i|^^l ut%krdh,j\p^\ASc
^adam tkktiydr. See Aversion, Un-
willingness.—To show a reluctance,
9ji2^\ iitakrah.
BEM
(922)
Beluotanti ^Uxj ^U mAkho rughhat,
Jd\^ ii\^ m^laho ihdtir. SeeArene,
Unwilling.
Bely, 9. (put tmsi in), ^^Jx> ,Xass\ i^
^Ic JoXi^ utanad ^ala\ See Confide,
Trust. — ^There is none in thy time irhoM
friendship thou shouldst coTet, nor any in-
timate wno, when fortune is treacherous, will
be faithfiil. lire then apart^^ and rely upon
no man ; I have given thee, in these words,
good advice and sufficient, u.^t«j ^U
•J^>
'-•^
\
Eemain, v. (continue, tarry), ys.«i\ iita-
kar, ^;d MoJum ; (to be left as a re-
mainder), ^^ hei^ ; (to endure, last),
a\ J dam. See Continue. — To remain
behind (especially from fatigue),^'lJ
taa]^ar. To remain firm, ViS^^U ^Jj
heJI^ sdhit. To remain alone, Xt\»-^ fj
tarn wahdaho. And she remained io my com-
pany fiye years, nntil it happened that one
day she went to the bath, ^ iJL
Remainder, remains, _3b hdkl (pi. \M)
hak&ya), ILii fadlat (pi. (jJLsl5 fad-
l&t). See Best, Eesidue.
Bemaining, ^\j hdkl,
Eemake, JJJc»- ^ J^ ^nudminjadid.
Remand, v, (send back), ^s^-j rqifa^.
Remark, JLlir^lU muldhasuU. See Ob-
servation.— A remark or annotation,
ji*^ taf^r, ^jJ^ iharh.
Remark, v. (notioe), JUk^-lU Ja£> ^amal
wuldhoMt, la>.]| Wm.
Remarkable, ila£wlUli ^oj^ij wdjtb id
mvldhasai, ^^-^j^ fkm^h,
^af1h,jC\j n&dir.jy^ aittttif. Sft
Raze, ITnoommon.
Remarkably, j^fik^^gyy B*wipc»«i»
Aor; (exceedingly), iUj ^Mj^
Remarked, 1?^^ «ui2Afis. SeeOte^^
Remarker, ». Ja&-JU jwuiite, jfet «r
See Observer.
Remediable, ,AA\ JjIS ifiW a/ jj^
Remediless, hj\s>^ ^ t« indMo e^ ^*
JU mdlaho ^U&j. See Hdplea.
remediable.
Remedilessness, — U\|» Ac ^admdf
Remedy, JLc ^Udj, \jJ iwM, if'
mu^dlajai. See Cure, MedieisCf i2
dote. Reparation.
Remedy, t;. J U ^dJaj^ v/j^** '^
Remember, r. (bear in mind),^^^"'
takkar. See Commit to memoj
Remembered, J^Jc^ mmUmakkm'.
Remembrance, ^ J aitr. See ¥tf
Memorial.
Remembrancer, s.^X* mftsoiiir.
Remind, v.JSjfalkar,^J takkr
Remiss, Jili ghdJU, j^\i kdtir. ^
Careless.
Remissness, <Liig ghe^ai^ jy^ ^
JUjb\ OmdiL See Careleas&eft
Remission, ^ ^^, ^^am sm^^
^y^ ffhufrdn. See Pardon.— a*
ment), ujLa^ <ii£A/V'; (
u^y iauHtkhtf.
Remit, f?. (pardon),^^ $haf9r\ '
mit money, etc.), ^|/> J^' ^
(2l0rdAtiit. See Send.
Remittance t. (of money, etc.), /
it Mi
(9S3)
EEN
tmnanti t. ^U hdlti, Lif hdeiyat.
i(ee Bemainder.
nmant, adj. ^U hSld.
monstrance, 9. iXuJ tatihakki,
monstrate, v. ^^ ^X^ (ashakia* mm.
morse, j^4i,0a\\j-as^ naJcla addamir,
,jL*\j taassaf, Liii\ jji kdakauim'
%at. See Horror, Anguish, Eepent-
nce, Pity.
morseless, JUfjJlb hSd naddmai, li
A>-^ hUd rahmat. See Merciless,
!niel.
note, Xju ba^d* See Distant. —
Core remote, Sx)\ db^. Most re-
lote, ^y^ U iM)^ dUb^ad m& yaknn.
notely, Ijuju ba^dan, Juju ^ mt»
Botenees, J^ bu^. See Distance,
novable, ^)a:j ffunkdl. See Movable,
noval, remoTe (changing one's abode),
JLLsJI Mikal ; (departing from a
lace), j)/>i\ ifiirdk,jL» da/ar.- See
departure. — ^Eemoyal from office, J^
QOTe, V. (go from one place to another),
\£sJ\ tnUkal; (depart from a place),
L» Mdfar. See Depart— (to move
ijthing from its place or to a dis-
inoe), Jij nakdl. See Move. — ^And
found the root of a large tree, around which
dug ; and as I was remoTing the earth firom
(the root), the axe ttmok a ring of braas,
toved, J£u^ mwidakXi. Bemoved
>m office, JjjJA^ ma^^.
lOver, «. (of anything), JSU fidWZ;
remover of himself), Ji&:N^ mimtoM.
Eemount, r. (on horseback), y^ c-^
JJtXf»- raib'5 minjadld.
Remnnerate, f . 4jrjl5j-ya«I. SeeBeward.
Bencounter (dash, collision), i^jl-o/t
mu%adamat\ (an accidental meeting),
^U^ mukabalaty i^^y muwajdhaU
See Encounter.
Rencounter, r. (clash), ^j^jl-^ toid-
damn ; (to meet unexpectedly), ^^ jLaJ
toiadaju. See Encounter, Skirmish.
Bend, t^. j',fi^ iUaiai, Jh^ <^. See
Tear, Lacerate.
Bender, ». jji^ mnWaaw*. SeeTearer.
Bender, v. Cij radt ^rj fW^t*
Betum, Bestore, Bepay.— (to trans-
late), fsrj iarfam. See Interpret—
(to yield, give up), Juj tallam* See
Surrender. — (to make), J* ^amal
To render necessary, (•jJ <df ^amalaho
Jdumy (^^ ^amalaho muhim^ ^
^J3j^ t?****^^ iJiirflrl; (to give).
Rendezvous, $. ^*«^^ f^^^ J*^
mdhMijtma^dljam^at, fc>^v*^ t^^
mawda^ma^nd. See Assembly, Meet-
ing. The rendezvous of an army,
J^\ ^Uip-l Js^ mahd ^tim&i al
^akir. The place of rendezvous,
Bendezvous, v. iju% ^JaLi ^ **^ oij
Jjt* Jii ^ robot ma^ an ydtidkl
ma^ ft falan moM. [Deserter.
Benegade, JJ^ mi¥riad. See Apostate,
Benew, r. (renovate), J J^ jaddad. To
renew friendship, ^^'^1 J^Asjr Jj ^o-
mo/ %V{li oJ mnAo^^a/. To renew
(repeat), jU ^di?.
SEP
(924)
B£P
Renewable, ^Ju^ jfatajaddad, JjU
Jj Ju^^ JtdhH attqfM.
Benewal, J^J^ tafdid. See Bepara-
tion, Bepetition.
Benewedi JJl^^ mujaddad.
Bexmet (for curdling milk),^.^^ nuur.
Benovatei renovation, v. See Eenew, etc.
Eenonnce, v. JSJ nahar, ijoij rafad,
dy tarak. See Diwwn. To re-
nounce all right to anything, ^joij
ijjA^ rafad hukuJutho.
Benounced, j^J^ mankur, CJjJ^ ma-
trUk, ijoyij^ marfad, [See Glory.
Benown, uu^^ sU, j\fJ^\ ishtthdr.
Benowned, ji^fu^ mashhur, m^\ l.;^%>^L0
mJoc- idhib urn ^oslm. See Glorious,
lUustriouB.
Bent, t. (fissure, break), ^JJL MH. See
Oap, Chasm, Laceration. — (income,
revenue), J^Jc^ madkhul, (Jyos^
tnahsiil. Annual rent, i/^ J^<X«
fnadkkaJ sanaufl. Bent paid for any-
thing held of another, 1^ kird, j\>-\
qfdr.
Bent, V, (let to a tenant),y>-! afar ; (to
hold by paying rent),^lai-j\ tstdjar.
Bentable, L^fJ^ yunkart. lamldk.
Bental, rent-roll, cJL*i\jJi} dafiar al
Benter, s, cJLt\ c^rwLp tdhib amldk.
Bent-free, m^j ^ulcU (,1^L« mulk md
^alayhi ra»m,
Benunciation, ^joij rafd, j\ij\ inkdr;
(of the world), U jJt d^ tark ad-
dunyd. [j'adld,
Bepaid, (3j J^ ^ ^'^^ indafa^ min
Bepair, v.n. (to go), ^^yi taiwajjak^
ii-^J soAod, ^j rdh, ^yA^ mada\
Go, then, to thy house, but be not long abeent
from me ; and the old woman went forth from
her, and repaired to Taj-el-Muluk, and aaid
to him, Make ready, and dofla *5^^
xichest of tiiy apparel and bttike Wf »
the garden,4.^tJ 1^ CJ^^Jj^
she repaired to a rery lofty tree, isd iss
cealed herself upon it, iZJ^^*
Bepair, v. ^y J* lomal tamiM. •/
ramram. See Kend, Ameni
Bepair, reparation (supplying 6« 3
mending), ^JS iarm^m^j^ ^f
Bepaired, f^yy miirfl»inH»-
Bepairer, «. (of houses, etc), */j
muramrim.
Beparable, .^Lasl^ Jj\j *dW «ft
^»j;^«iH ^^fj^^ mwBMn attarwB.
Beparation (amends), ij^^ ^
^j^*aj tadmln, ^lilCe mikapx
joid. See Betribution, GompeDsc
ofoa Bepair.
Bepartee, «. ^.iU- 1-^^^ >«*«* **
L"'^^ c^l •>- jawab laitf>
Bepass, r. *>iJtfr ^^ iJuMfitmj^
^^lc ^>y r^>^ ^addi^.
Bepast, 9, a\^ ta^dm.
Bepay, v. Jj*Xp- ^^ ^ J rf«f«t
jadld. See Pay, Beoompense, B**
Bepayment, tiU j-i4> ifc/"^ ^«^
Payment.
Bepeal, v, jLi ^<^.
Bepeal, *. JUaj^ fJW/.
Bepealed, ^y*^^ hmmuJU.
Bepeat, v. (speak again), ^l
r^'e^ iakattam; (do again or ^
times), J^ 4>le ^dd ^mm( J<«*t
EEP
(925)
EEP
)eated (done or said often), ^JCt mu-
imr.
leatedlj, j\j^\ ilAfi^ junUat amrdr.
90 Often. [pulse.
»ely V, 3j radd, ^ J dafa^. See Be-
velled, 9 y *>^ madfu^. See Bepulsed.
eller, ^t J ddfi^. Now whenever
eat personages of eminence and men of for-
ae asked to many me, my father waa wont
silence and repel them, and to decline
eir advanoes and their presents, ^l^j
j\jj\j ^\ ;Uj ^jJari. \3\ ^\
iLtfj MfXf^j uJUj >»f^^ /»f'VMi <Xsr 1
3nt, f7. aJcJ tanaddam, /^Si futdem,
j'\j tdi, L*\sj 4^^ ^amal naddmat,
mtance, ijy tawhat, ^1 jJ naddmat.
3 Penitenoe. — Begret and repentance,
]jj^ ijMt»^ hasrat wa naddmat,
ntant, ajO nddim, c^lj^ tdytb,
pentant with all his heart, i.--^^
i (Jj^ ^J-^ tdyih min hoi Jcalhihi.
Penitent. — Hasten to sincete repentance
1 earnest compunction; for death, to be
), will nerer offer her hand to assist thee,
rcussion, i^^iju\ in^ikds. See Ee-
nd. [ifjUl t^d(ia^.
ution, ^yli tihrdr, j^ takrir,
le, f . j^\ tnhahar, J6\ ingham,
^\ inhauir, ^j\kgharmin, Ju^
id, mAaju takamkam.
er, s. See liurmurer.
i°gr> '• jf^ ^*^» r^»^ ^^^> (^
rt. See Qrief, Eegret, Vexation.
ing, adj. jy^ tnakhUr, jy^ojs^
sHr, (^y^*^ maghmUm.
Substitate.
Eeplaced, ^-j^ murqUfa^, fjoyL^ mu-
^aufwad.
Eeplant, v. t^^^ jle ^ddfuuab, L^.^%.a3
JjtX>- ^ fuuab minjadld.
Eeplenish, v. ^X« nutlit^, ^^^ ^ha\
See Pill, Stock.
Eeplenished, replete, i^^^s^^^*^ nmmtali,
Eepletion, h^\ imtUd, !Ua^ takhmat.
See Indigestion.
Eeplied, c^l^ mujdwah.
Eeplier, «. c^jl^ mufdwtb, [Answer.
Eeply, replication, f^\^ jawdh. See
Eeply, r. ^^j^r \,J^ *l^' jawdh, Oj
c-^^^ radjawdh. [jadid.
Eepolish, v. ^^^j^tj^ ^^ ^^
Eeport, 9. (rumour of news),^^ ic\JL\
ishd^at khahar. See Eumour. — (pub-
lic character), cji^wmo «{^. See Eepu-
tation. — A report (or account returned
by those to whom anything is referred),
JW! ijya iHrat al hdl, fjo^^ tat-
khU. To make a report (especially of
state affairs to the king), etc., fjf
\}\^\ ijyc ^amal iurat al hdl.
Eeport, v.j^^^Jiiz\ a^U^ khahar. See
Tell, Eelate, Eumour.
Eeported, jju% mukarrar. See Eelatcd.
Eeporter, s.j^Jt* mukhabhir. See Ee-
later, Eeciter.
Eepose, v. (rest), ^/^\ istardh ; (sleep),
^\j ndm. To repose confidence, *Xas^\
^J^ i^tamad ^ala\ Ic J^y tawak-
kal ^ala\ See Confide. — (to intrust),
^t«i k>- hatt amdnat, IfoJj fJ^wadac
wadl^at. See Trust.
Eepose (rest), i*-!^ rdhat ; (sleep), Ayj
nawm. See Sleep, Eest, Quiet.
Eeposed (at rest), ^j^m^ mmtarih;
(asleep), ^Aj ndyim.
B£P
(926)
BXP
mmtahtkallatem.
Jii kikol
Bepoaity v. £Ut ^i^ wada^ amanaif
cJj wada^. See Store, Lay in, De-
posit liJ'^y* mawda^,
Beposited, X;U1 ^}*>y mawdn^ amdnat,
Repository, «. f^j^s^ nutkhaan, iiijs>^
khMlfuU.
Beprehend, r. ^J^ l^ac ^idb ^ala*, a)
' Idm, ^j wahbtJshn See Blame, Be-
proacb, Beprove, Cenaare, Chide.
Beprehended, (^y^ flMmiiflm, ^Lt
Beprehenaible, a1U1\
Beprehensibly, aIU^
Beprehension, Z/»)U mtddmat, Lj\m^
mu^tabat, J^y tawhlkh, ^ji launn,
i^\sx. ^ftdh,JdJu ta^tlr. See Cen-
sare, Blame, Beproof.
Beprehensiye, ^Islc ^dhl.
Bepresent, v. (exhibit),^! a%h(ir,j»^^\
ahdar» See Show. — To represent (by
painting, delineation, imitation, etc.),
jiy^ iji' i^ifMl tanclr, JuUj J^ ^0-
mal taklld. See Paint, Describe.— To
represent (by petition, etc.), ^jm^\
iUamas, ^jC ^arad. To represent on
a theatre, lt«3u^^ ijj ^mal komedia.
To represent (act as the representatiye
of another), ^ J^y tatoakkal ^a».
Bepresentation (image, form), ijya vu-
rat, *jiy^ taswira, jCl ihakl. See
Likeness. — (a memorial), ^^ ^d,
^^LcJl iUimdi, yj^^/f^ ma^d. See
Petition. — (exhibition), j\^\ tnhdr.
Theatrical representation, JuIiJi taklld.
Bepresentation of the person of another,
il^^ wakalat Bepresentation as in a
mirror, ^jtJ^ ffkt, ^Mju] in^kOi.
Bepresentative (exhibiting a rinnfitB^
JjU^ wmndiil. A repraeatBlzTe \
another person), J^^ wM {^ I
ymkald), A representatiTe Tested li
fall powers, ^^^ J^^ mM mdi
To appoint a representatiTe, J^i^
^mdlfoaJAL A representatiye [ssi!
tnde or symbol of anything), J
^alamaU [hibitB), j^ wA
Bepresenter, «. (one who shows re
Beprees, v. (check), Lm^ daMt ^j^
^^ mana^ See Bestrain, Ssba
Crush.
Bepressed, t^^MO^ madh^,
Bepression, ^jl^ man^
Bepressire, ^^ mdni^,
Beprieve, «. (delay of pnnisbse^
L^\Asi\ tdkhlr al ^ikdh.
BeprieTe,«. c^ijcJl ^J^l aM^'^
Beprimand, 9. ^j wahhakk, Seeij
prebend, Beboke.
Beprisal, ^joyc ^wad, jJ\xj\ in
Beproach, v. aL* JlA^^ J^ ^«m/u
mtUdm, lUlc Cy^-^f. ^o^i
^lJlc. l., *%" t7 ta^aUdb ^alayhif ^il
^M. To reproach one another, {
ta^dtahn,
Beproach, t. (censare), fH*
<uL« middmat, (^li£ ^t^^, /•»
(infamy), ii-^^ ^^^^ ^ ^'
Beproachable, iul^l
mulamai, a^I ^
Beproached, ^^j^ maBmUm.
Beproachfally (opprobioaalj)i
hikol muldmat; (shamefolly}!
^Icj cy^jr 3i%o/ ^<^& iM^df.
»^i
EEP
(927)
BEQ
probate, v, ^uLc^t ankar ^dlayhi,
uit ^ja3j rafad talabaho. See Bejeot.
probate, ^^^ ahaki. See Wicked.—
lreprobate,^^U/4;ir. SeeFrofligate.
probated, {joytj^ mar/Ad. See Ee-
ected. [ness.
probateness, reprobation. See Wicked-
proof, |«jl laum.
prove, V. Ajlcv^y^cx ^atah ^alayhi,
>sr^ wabhakhaho. See Eeprehend,
teproacb.
}tjle, $. ijJijs>. haaharat (pi; cjI^p-
iuharat). Tbe reptiles of tbe eartb,
fOji\ a\^ hawam al ard. [iamdhlr).
)ublic, jFjfAP- j'amhur (pL ^U:^
)adiate, etc., v. ^^ ialktk. See
divorce, Beject.
lugnance (contrariety), J^aUst^ mu-
\dlafat. See Inconsistency. — (re-
Lctance), jLtJ ta^aUdl, ifjuU^mtf^d-
idat, 4l/«^lLt mukawamai \ (aversion),
axi hughdaL
ugnant (contrary), t-fllUr* mukhdlif,
jL*-^ mughayirj ^^^Lx^ munakid,
il:^^ mttnd/t. See Inconsistent. —
eluctant), OuU^ mv^eZntii, Juxc ca-
lf; (averse), jr^X.r>-,M4,^ miwto^aA.
^pugnant to bnmanity, fi^l l<^^
/;»a/t al murHLwat, Repugnant to
kture, i>K^J^\j>\x^ mughayir attabU
t. To be repugnant (contrary), jU
^Kjsif* sdr mukhaUf; (to be averse
reluctant), if^^l utakrah.
ig^nanily (contrarily), jjU^ ^^
vajhin mughayir, alilla:^ JG iiito/
\khulafat\ (witbroluctance), 2r^jG
ol karahf U^ karahan, \ijjjQ h%-
tyr ridd,
Ise, •• ^Jdaf^, ^jJl indifSi^n
To meet witb a repulse, (jUJul indi-
fuh. See To be repulsed.
Eepulse, «. ^J ^is/mA, ^j da/a^,
l»^li ^te^om. See Bepel.
Eepulsed, J(jO^ mardud, ^^S^madfi^.
^ To be repulsed, ^JJl tnio/a^. See
To meet witb a repulse.
Bepulsion, jJj daf^ Xxitx* mudafa^.
See Bepulse.
Eepulsing, repelling, ^b ddfi^. The
repelling power, ^uljJl ifjftli a/ ibaiiF0<
adddfi^ai. \tarah.
Eepurobase, v. 9\j:J^\ '^frj ^^J*t ^*^
Beputable,^^«:u^ mtf^Mor. See Honour-
able, Creditable, Honest.
Reputably, jLicl Jij hikol i^ibdr.
Reputation, repute, ls-.--^ Ht, ^1 im,
d^A^ aum^at. See Credit, Honour.
Repute, V. ^.^.-m-i^ haaah, Jlc ^ad, Jia
nan. See Consider, Reckon.
Request, s. (entreaty, petition), ^^c
^ard, (jmUsII iUimas, Ujcl^I itttd^a,
\prj rqjd. In request (in great de-
mand), c^^lk« nuUluh, Anything
greatly in request, 1 j^ t-J^^Ux* mat-
lnhjiddan.
Request, v. Jajc ^arad, ^^UcJl ^jj
kaddam Utimdt, Uja«j\ Jax^ umal
iatid^d, l^JlW talab. See Petition,
Beg, Entreat.
Requested, ^^«MiaL« mtfJ^mM, etc.—
Your Excellency is requested to give
the necessary orders, (j-« *-s»v-4J'
iUjX! \j^\ili\jjXaJ ^1 aO jIuj al marflk
min sa^adatikum an taadtrH. al awdmir
al Utzimah.
Requester. See Petitioner.
Requirable, c^lv-^^lju^tf/iSa^flW.
RES
(928)
sjra
Eequire, v, i^-Ji? iMb, a! ^5-3ai^ ihtida"
laho. See Demand, Bequest. — As
occasion may require, LflSjj* e,^M«^
hatah al iktida. And the Wezeer caused a
whitewasher to be broofht, and a painter,
and an exodlent goldsmita, and pFondidthem
with all that they required, ^^.^lA^-li
Required, c^^Ua^ mof/fi^ 15*^3:^ m«^-
^«(^. See Requested.
Requisite, t^j^j^ durHfif f^Ji Idwim,
(..j^^l^ wajib. See Necessary.
Requisite, », ^Uif^d^l»- hdjattnukimmat,
^^1^^\ amr muktadl. See Ne-
cessary, Necessaries.
Requisitely, ^l5;jj^ durilLrata% 5;j)/^V
}»7 (furtlra^ See Necessarily.
Requisiteness, ij^j^ dururat
Requital, »5;^ majctzdh, ifUlCt mw*d-
fih, ^^ ^awd, (^.^" ta^d. See
Retaliation,GompenBation,Retribution.
Requite, «. <uL: J^^ ^wwad ^alayhi.
See Repay, Retaliate, Reward.
Reremouse, «. tljtj toatwdt, J-Jli^-r
^oyr a/ /<iy^« See Bat.
Rescript (royal edict), jyJixi^ tnamhur,
LmijJ^ Lf^. khatt eharif.
Rescue (from confinement or danger),
j;li?l athk, ^^^ khallas, Jsx, ^atak.
Rescue, «. jUtl aildk. {al haba.
Rescued, ^/--J^ ^j^ (Jy^ rnatluk mm
Research, (jS^-s^ taftUh. See Inquiry,
Search.
Research, v. {Jcj fattoBh, ^^*^ J*
^amal taftUh. See Search, Examine,
Inquire.
Resell, 17. JjJcr cT* t^ ^^c ^*^J^^'
Resemblance, i^^i^ tamsllf ijyc iHrai
(pi. jj-tf «*«?<ir). See Similitode, Lib-
ness.
Resemble (be like), ^ll sAdM; (te
compare), ^UA Bhdbhakf <y<* > j*^
Resembling, ^Luuk^ mtctAoML See lib.
Resent, v, a^IS JuaS Aomm^ d i^Uks9.
i^^^^^oLZ ghedeb. [ChoIiK
Resentfiil, (^yik ghad&h. See Asgr
Resentingly, ^^r"*^ highadMi^
Resentment, ^\hji\J^ fikr al »«to.
]a^ ghayz, L,;^'^^!^ ghad^. See Anger
Indignation.
Reservation, reserve (retaining, r&'
holding), \h\ ibkd, \jLs^\ w^'
(concealment of something in t^
mind), l^ riya; (exception, cap-
tion), t^ •hart See Stipulatiiffl.-
(caution or modesty of b^anflr
4.^j1 adah, i\^\ intibdh.
Reserve, r. (keep back), ^^^\ ahU^
Reserved (kept back), ^b lakh
Reserved (modest, silen^ not impudc^.
u:^L» 8dkU, ^Sii\ (^«3\jb kddisti^:
Reservedly (modestly), <C4,>u ■*- J^
C-? J^j hikol hishmat wa addb.
Reservedness (modesty), l^o\ addtj>
wakar ; (suUenness), Zlftj 9a}dtA,
Reservoir, v, (of water), ^^ kavi
Reset, 1^. (a broken bone), ^^f
jySjJ^ jMar id ^mm al mahur.
Reside, v, jL» takan, Jiai katan, ^
akdm. See Dwell, Inhabit; aU^'
Subside.
Residence, U3\ ikdtnai, A plsoe^'
residence, J^^ watan (pL^^U?^^ «^"'
aUU makdm, ^^/>***^ ma^kan, ^*
Abode, Habitation, Dwelling, Coontrj
EES
(929)
BES
sident, ^;^Li $aUn, j^Ji^ mubm. A
esidenty J^ waM, _«^1 elehh See
Invoj, Agent, Ambafisador.
Biduaiy, residual, ^b haki. A real-
lae, iyJu hakwat See Best, Be-
nainder.
sign, V, (give np, qait), CSp tarak,
Co resign an office, ^^ ^t"»rf^ %%ta^a*
nin. To resign oneself to providence,
^^ O^ JV tawahkdl ^' aOah.
\ee Sabmity Yield. — But tiiey could not do so.
rhey resigned tbemBelyes to fate and destln j,
ind I Bubmitted to God with patient endu-
anoe of fate, aiSSiction, and miafortone,
signation (of office, etc.), CJjj tori,
ijc^\ iiti^fd; (sabmission to provi-
lence), ^\ ^jLj taslim tla\ See
iubmission.
signed (to providence), ^It J^yy
mttawakkil ^ala\ See Submissive.
sin, .4^v\; ratinij^jy^ w«u0 «am^A
anatohar,
sist, V. w»1j <^S/a^> ^te mdna^,
kjlj kdwam. See Oppose, Bepulse.
sistance, iU^lL« mti^Atrama^, XkjU^
lumdna^at, ^J^^mans,. See Opposition.
listed, 0^4^ mardfld, ^ y tX^ m^fi^.
iee Bepulsed.
nstibility, XeljJt iry hULwatadddfi^U
listible, /•jU:^ yutakdwam.
solvable, resoluble (capable of being
isaolved), jJ\ Jj^j kdhil al M ;
capable of being explained), ^^^C*^^
AAMbBsJl mumkin attafiir,
solve, V. (determine), Ju^ ib#ai, 4^y
of^a'. See Purpose.— (to dissolve),
^ kdl. See Melt — (to analyze),
J^ hal ; (to inform, resolve a doubt),
^Jui\ ^j rafa^ ashshuhha.
Besolve, #. See Besolution.
Besolved (determined, steady), vjr^b
sdhit See Besolute. — (melted), ^Jl^^
muiahallil. See Dissolved. — (analyzed),
fj^y^ fnafrUk; (explained),^M(i^ mu-
fauar. Besolved upon, a^^mo/* tmuam'
mam, i^yoSu* mahUd,
Besolvedly (with firmness), jly^^^ J^
Itkol iobrin wakardr. See Besolutely.
Besolvedness. See Besolution.
Besolvent, resolutive, ^jLs^ muhallil,
^\i fdsikh.
Besolver, t, (one that determines), Ju^li
kdiid; (a dissolver), ^jLcr* muhaUil,
Besolate (constant to a resolution), c:^l)
idhit. See Firm, Steady, Constant. —
(bold), jy**^ joiUr. See Brave. .
Besolutely, d^^L^ ij\**j^ ^JG hikoljoid-
rat wa ialdt. See Courageously.
Besolution, resoluteness (boldness),
SjL*sj- jasdrat, J*|/r" j^^*^^ > (fixed
purpose), CLi^Lj M^d^, <U} n!ya^, JudS
Ittud. And when he heard that, he was yio-
lently agitated, and hu resolution was roosed,
and ne prepared his forces, oonsistin)^ of Jinn
and men, and wild beasts, birds, and reptiles,
c:j|^Uj is^\^ uuv^li ul$3 J w4«D Uii
Besort,{^.(freqnent), J^ l>- \^ ^]j (vulg.)
rdhtaa a;d li^and, ^^Juc ^ la/a' ^a\
See To hare reooQrBe.^A **foz and a wolf
inhabited the same den, resorting thither to-
gether, and thus they remained for a certain
length of time. But the wolf oppressed the
fox, ^^\ij\ uio'i/^ y! Ui, LU J
69
BES
(930)
BES
4_jLfcjJJ \jb\i . Seruj is my native
coimtry (home) ; but how can I nfoit thither,
•eeing that the enemy hare tettled in it, and
oommitted ravages upon it, »/;'»> p XT'
Eesort (ooncouree), 9Ui«j-\ ijtmd^. See
Assembly, Meeting; Visit, Recourse.
Eesound, r. (sound, echo), ^j J* ^^mal
rannih, ^^\>- jdtpab, ^Ij J* ^mal
ydghl.
Resounding, part, ^j J^l^ ^mUrannih,
Resource (fund), J-»^ «/. See Source.
—(remedy), ^IL c.%'. [jadld.
Re-sow, V, Si^ ^j^ ^jj tara^ min
Respect, v, j^\ i^taboTy ^j:j>'\ ihta-
ram, j\^\ J* lamal i^ibdr, Jf
Respect, a\J\ ikrdm,j\^\ i^ihar, j*)^ \
Mirdm. See Attention, Regard,
Honour, Reverence; also Considera-
tion. Motive. — (reference, relation),
dlSlb ^Idkah, i-wJ nishat. In respect
of, ''i-wJ nishatan, L**J1j Jt7 »wJfl^,
" • • •
t_ lc^ t*^' AflWtf*.
Respectable, i-^l*^ mw^^aJar,
U^>-a*<
I
A^ *^\ wdjib attahrlm.
»»«r
llespected, .•^iU mukarram, j^
toior. See Honoured.
Respectful, <-->5^ tnu-addah. Then
he stood, hanging down his head in humility,
Respectfully, |*|/^'j j^^ J^ ^^^^
takrttn tea ihtirdm.
Respecting, prep* jJ^ ^J fl amr, ^i
perplexed Fespeeting his ease ; for if I p^
^ers to kill toi, it will not be ligfet; at:
I leave him, he will increase in hv \Hite
Write to him a letter, rejoined the old ma
and perhaps he will be restrained,*
Respective (particular), ^j^ ^
^yAS^ maihs€Ls ; (relative),
mamdh.
Respectively (particularly), \^ya:>^»
MiUan^L^ nuhatan. See Ralstv^
Respiration, ij»Jt^ ianaffiu.
Respire, v. (breathe), ^y«iiJ' U^f^
Respite, 11^ maklaL See Repriert
Resplendence, L^ diffd» See Brig
Splendour. [Spi
Resplendent, w«J Idmi^. Sec Bs?
Resplendently, L^ JC; WW i^iya. ?«
Splendidly.
Responsibility, iJU^ *fl/&W, i
Responsive, ^'^ jowdht, wj^
Rest (quiet, repose).
Tranquillity. — (cessation of moi-
^S^ 9ukiJLn. Rest and motion, ^-
iSj^^ iukHn wa haraiai. To :
rest, f^j rayyah. And he cas^
the tree, and threw himself down ITi '
slain, desiring to Uke rest hy his jr*
position, not knowing that every <®e •
an object of search resteth not ; abc =<
knoweth what is hidden from bin ^
secretsofdestiny.^jlii^^i^-^t
Rest, #. (remainder), ^b feii •
1^ rfiJU^
BES
( 931 )
RES
•Eesidne, Remains. — ^And bo with re-
gard to the rest, 1 JJb ,jLe ^jiJj uminu
^alc^ hassd,
.est, i, (support on which anything
leeLUs), Si^ tanad, JkXMi^ muinud. See
Prop, Pillar, Sapport.
est, V. (be at quiet), ^)/^^ uiardh;
(to sleep), i*U ndm; (to lean upon),
^Uu\ ittakd ^\ Jco^t Utanai.
To rest satisfied, ^^j ratfl. And by
the Bide of the door was a wide maBtabah.
The porter therefore put down his burden
upon that mastabah, to rest himself and to
scent the air, ^i^LJt l^^\^ ^J^^
3sted (reposed), ^^^ murtdh,
3stitution, ^^^ tarjl^.
^stive, JJIji^ mu^dnid, tijAS*^ mutth
marrid. See Obstinate, Stubborn^
Reluctant. — A restire horse, {^^j^
harnn. See Horse.
^stiyeness, jLe ^ndd. See Stubborn-
less, Obstinacy.
stlesa (haying no rest), -l^^
fhayr murtah, I was restless on accoont of
ler absence ; sleep could not oyereome my
jixiety ; my eyes nowerer were closed, but
ay spirit was awake, ^,::.»%Jj^-mJi jJ^
itlcssness (want of rest or ease), A«Xfi
»^L}\ ^adam arrdhat,
itorable. See Recoverable,
iteration, ^^/ ^^ffi^* o\jjLJi isiir-
%d. See Restitution. — Restoration
' health, U^ ihafd. See Recovery,
torative, ^^ fhdfl. A, restorative,
iL5i ihd/l.
tore, p. (give back, send back, bring
IB
back), ^Tj ^W^' ^^ Retrieve,
Re-establish, Recover, Repay.
Restored, t>y« muraffa^, ^^^ mardud,
9j>'y marja.^. Restored to health,
Is^^^^fnunUMlliUaKkat. To
be restored, Jj^t iriad. See Return.
Restorer, «. Jj|^ rddid.
Restrain, v. (curb), Ixma dahat^ la^j ro-
hatf ^^^^^ hana\ j^ jdbar. See
Check, Repress, Overawe. [daht.
Restrainable, lo^l ^J^^-a^^ mumkin al
Restrained (checked), k^^^^ tnadBut,
^>sjk^ mumtani^, jyAo^ mahiHr ;
(limited), u>^iXsr^ mahdnd. See Re-
stricted.
Restrainer, «. IsjIj ddhtt
Restraint (check), Isw dld^^, ^:^ moiia^;
(limitation), J^J^ iahdid.
Restrict, v.^i^j kauar.
Restricted, j^o&sl^ muktatarf jqL% mtf-
hoMOT^ ^ac.s^ mukhiasar.
Restriction, jL^f iktitdr, JuS iloyi.
See Restraint. [See Styptic.
Restrictive, restringent, ^j^lld:J1 ikiisdrf,
Restrictively, jldiil 4^ bikol iktudr.
Result, hf^ natijat (pi. ^1:J naidytj),
ijAJ Bomarat. See Effect, Inference.
Result, V, (rise as a consequence), (J.d»^
^ ^d/ mm. [fi^^^Mdrr.
Resumable, jL^isLl) ^^C*^ mvmkin al
Resume, v. (take back), J^t t^ ''^^t
a^Aoi. To resume a discourse, jLe
aH^I ^^^y^ ^d^ nattjat al kddm.
Resurrection, <. ^US kiydmat. The day
of resurrection, ^La!! a,^ yawm al
kiydmat. See Day of judgment.
Resuscitate, 9. ^U^f oAyd^. See Revive.
Resuscitation, L»»t f%d. See Resurreo-
tion.
BET
(932)
BET
Betail, f . j3*^ V t.^ ^t ^ ^^^^
BetaU, J/^V t^' ''^^t Mmufarrak.
Betailed, jyUl^ tV* ««^ t^**HA»''^-
Eeteiler, t. jJa^V ^ ^oyy^^ ^•^ "^
farrak. See Pedlar.
Betain, v. (withhold), » JJx djL.^ mM^ifc
^ndaho; (to keep in confinement), J^
hqfa. See Detain, Keep.— (to keep
in pay, maintain as followers, etc.),
^ J^\j IT jof Li^ Aa^ ^mioAo M iUii-
mai. See Hire, Pension.
Betained (withheld), dyi*^^ mams^h.
Betainer, t. H^ tdH^. See Dependent,
Follower, Peoaioner.
Betake, v. *ii*^^^ ^^ Mm minjaii^
Betaliate, v. il^ ^\ Mm hakkaho.
By God, I nrast retaliate for ihia damsel upon
him who killed her, and pat him to death!
Then said he to Jaafar, By the tmth of my
descent from the Ehaleefeha of the sons of El-
Abbas, if thou do not bring to me him who
killed this woman, that I mav avenge her
npon him, I will hang thee at the gate of my
palace, together with forty of thy kinsmen,
\^suaj'i A, J fJi\ xiJb JJ i^jJlj ^JJ^
Betaliated, ^joJd^ tmikdsas.
Betaliation, f\S:ij\ inttkdm.
Betard, r. J^ji^ ^aunoak, ^i^ mana^ See
Hinder, Obstruct, Delay.
Betarded,^*\i^ mutaahhkhir.
Betention (withholding), (ICms nuMk ;
(holding), c3L^\ imdi. See Con-
finement, Bestraint, Limitation.
Betentive (having the power of holding
iHT withholding), ul^U m&9ik*
Beticnlar, reticulated, retafKn, u
mmhMdk. \W-
Betinne, ^\y Uwdhi^. 8eeTnin,Eqsi-
Betire, r. uJ^-ai^ imaraf, c--***^'^ »»
M. SeeBecede,Betreat,B«^-I
retire from one another, |^«x&lJ ^
Betired (private, redose), ,Jz^ «fr
Betirement, *-j\iisr^ ijimSh, JS^f
intwdf. SeeBetreat— BetireiBait,&
tiredness (of life), JjU- MM. i
retirement or place of retirement, i*>
khalwat.
Betort, *. (sharp answer), *>W v'f
jWaa Asi. See Bepartee, BaOky
B«tract, V. ^K ^ nsJtai Wa»»
il3\ ankar.
Betraoted, j^l:^ nuifiter.
Betraction, jliul tii^r.
Betreat (place of privacy), 5jU- Wi*
See Betirement— The retreat of t
army,^^C**«ll ^y>-j rt^u^ «^ ^sii* ;;
fir&r,J>^\ f^J^\ fnA«a« a/ ^-
Betreat, v. (from an enemy), j^jf ^ »*
mm^yfar. Betreated (•jjf* ««^
Betrench, r. (cut ofl^ abridge),^-^ i»^
juix^\ ikhUuar. i*^
Betxenohed, j^ec^s^ muihUuar, ^f^
Betrenchment, jltf^^ MtUar, j^
iktUdr.
Betribution, «^J V* "••jf^««*» IrT.^
payment, Becompense.
Betributive, retributory, l<*^ ^
Betrieve, 9. (recover, repair), ^f
Be-estabUsh, Bestore. [cot«^
Betrievable, J-ossiu faiaha$>
KEV
(938)
EEV
^trocessioQy retrogradation, retrogres«
sion, <^,ttL^ c ^j raja^ Ukhalf.
etrograde, i^jLgj ^T^j rdji^ likhaJf,
c^^LiU makliib. See Contrary, Oppo-
site.— ^To retrogradOi \j^ ^Jl t^ ^^\
fTa' ward,
etarn, v. (come back), ^rj ^9<^t' ^^
ta<f J (to give back), ^^^jra^^; (send
back), ^rj ^W^t' ^^ Bestore, Be-
pay. — (to make answer), S-^^^ 15^'
0&^a' jatffdb. To return to one's senses
[after madness, ebriety, anger, or faint-
ing), ^^jSf^ $ehi. To return to any
former habit, ^}\ jlc ^dd ila\
itiuii,«. (to any place), ?*s»-j rw^u^, Jj^
'.awdat, ij^j r^ff^\ (profits arising
Tom merchandise, etc.)> 1^ ^^y
Ixic^ mtmfa^at. See Profiti Bevenue.
tamable, 9^^\ c^^ kdhHam^'U^.
vealf 9.j^\ Mhar,j*»i\ t^JiuS Juuhaf
wtir, ^J^\ aftha. See Disooyer, Bis-
lose. — And I acquainted kirn with what had
efallen me from first to last, and he was
riered for me, and said, O young man, reveal
ot thy case, for I fear what the king of this
ity might do against thee, ^j • rCLi
nd she said within herself, Verily this thing
J one has known from me, and I will not
ireal it to this old woman until after I shall
ive tested and tried her, as it must he,
realed, cJjuiC^ maiihitf,
ealer, «. Li.i^l^Ad«A(f, ^J^j^ mu^in.
elation, j^^Sl llit f/«Ad ala»rdrfj<^\
iahdr. See BiscoTery. — A revelation
from heaven, v^Uj ic^-j t^oAi radian?,
i%l^l t7^Sm, (JUj m\4^\ Uhdmrabhdnl,
Bevenge, ft^\ iniikdm, iuU naknuU.
Bevenge, v. ^ Jbj\ intakam min.
Bevenger, #. (one who takes revenge),
jtSs^u^ muntakim ; (one who avenges or
ponishes), ^^^^o^UU muidns.
Bevenne, J^asr^ mahtBl, J^ X« mad-
iheJ. A collector of revenue, iJ^ios^
muhasiU.
Beverberate, «. (beat or throw back),
^jSju\ in^akoi. To reverberate (as
sound), ^U J^^omolydl^Ai. See Echo.
Beverberatod, ^jtJjc^^ mim^u.
Beverberation, ^jaMjuS in^tkdB. Bever^
beration of sound, 15^^ ffd^M.
Bevere, reverence, v. fi/^ ihtaram,
j0Sx\ iciahar. See Venerate, Honour.
Bevered, j^jLt mutarram, /♦^'^ muhta-
ram,j^SJi^ mu^tahar. See Venerable,
Honoured, Esteemed.
Beverence, («|/^>"^ ihiirdm, a\^\ ihrdim^
^Lict i^ibdr,jJ^ tawkir. See Vene-
ration, Bespect, Honour.— A reverence
(act of obeisance), ^iJumj tatUm, Uaci
inhina. And when the gardener saw him,
he rose to him, standing upon his feet, and
receiving him with re?erenoe and honour!
I»\jj!I\ Jut ^ fj^ JU-Jl /j;UU
Beverencer, reverer, #. a^C* mukarrim.
Beverend, (^J^^"^ muhiaram, (^j^ ^tf-
karram, Jan/tmtf^osstfm.SeeVenerablei
Bevered.
Beverend, reverential, A^ti&^r^ mtcAto-
. sham, c^jI c,'^c»'l^ «dAA adab. See
Bespectful.
HEV
(934)
EEY
Beverently, ^yj (^^\ J^ VM ikrUm
wa tawklr, (^\r^^. W Mirdm, J^
iZj\k^\ hiiol iltifdt. [Meditation.
Eovcrie, /i Jikr, j\^\ iftikdr. See
Beverae, v. i--Ji ife«^i| j^h*^ tf^f
«.J[; ioZM. See Overturn, Subvert,
Repeal, Gontradtot.
Beversed, ^^Jjc^ mun^ii,
munkaiib, ^^ $naUuh. To be re-
versed, 4^.Ji3t inkalab, Seelnvwted,
Inverse.
Be verse, ^jJj^' ^dut S-^SlAil Mcildh,
f^\jB^\ inhirdf. See Inversioii.—
(change), Jj Ju7 iahM, ^j^ ^Mwrif.
The reverses of fortune,^«>Sl ^*-^V
fMwdyib addahr ; (an opposite, contrary),
uJU. ihtldff ^ <^<^-
Beversible, ^jJji\ jL^ mumkin dl ^aks.
Beversion (right of succession), *^\jt^
tnlrds, Ij\j^ wardsai. See Heritage,
Succession.
Beversionary, ^^^jy* tnawrHs, (jij^,
C^U^\ hitarik al mirds. [verberate.
Bevert, v. %frj ^<v\' See Betum, Be-
Bevertible, ^^J^ Ji^ ^^^ arrujn^.
Beview, i;. (to see or consider again),
jjj^ Mf^j^ *^^'^^ minjadid. See
Be-examine, Examine, Survey. — ^To
review an army, ^L*«l\ ^J.^ i^S^
koihaf tato' ai ^dkir. To review a
book, c-^l:;^ Jjli kahd kitdh.
Beview, «. (retrospection), J^ nanar,
Uj\L9 mukdhalat. See Examination,
Survey.
Beviewer, ^l3 ndtar. [Beproach.
Bevile, v. mP^ ahaiam^ l-.«w} sab. See
Beviler, «. aJLI shdim.
Beviling, «. ^»i^ ahatm.
Bevise, v. (writings, etc.), ^\; f«>f
Bevise, iblL« wMia haM. See Bern
Bevisit, r. JJ *Xflr cT^j!; ■^'' "^^
Be vival, revivification, revivisceiicy, L>
Bevive, 9. (return to life or vjgoor), j>
•
aAya*. My spirit had then nra^ ^
soul had retomed to me, and my pc^
motion was renewed; and I began to kSx
and to walk along the ahore of tbe srfi^
Bevived, JLtc^ munia^uh.
Beviver, t. ^ri^ muh^. [j*^
Be-union, JjO^ ^^^ *>W^1 UHhadp*
Be-unite, v. »>j*y5>- ^^ jUjI Jas a»
fY^tj^i minjadid.
Bevocable, Jkj yMhial. Bevocabto
J^i\J^\imkdHalihtdl. Toip>
cate, revoke, jL &a^^. [:Bfi?es.
BevocatioD, revokement, Jliajl *^ J«
Bevolt, t^. ^L<-«i t*^ t**^» 1^**
Bevolt, ». JjLxc ^aadwai. See Beb^
Bevolted, ^^U-a^ ^wydfi. [se"-
Bevolter, «. ^^U ^a«l. See Bebd '•
Bevolve, r. (turn round), j\ J dor,
Bevolution (revolving in a circlf \ •
dator, ^^j^^ dawrdn. Revohii^
c^jly nuwdptb, ciJblU)\ tiiWi^
c:.;UU; takaUtibdt. The revdatiiff
the heavens, C^JHill CL^Ui: takd^
al afldk. The revolutions of T
volutionsof fortune,^ jJ\ t^-^V «^
yt^ addahr. A revolution or ch&'^
government, iuyuJl ^J^JteWt''^
BIB
(935)
BID
ward, i. \^ jtma^ jsA ajr^ i(UlC«
nuk&fah^ t^\^ Mw&h. Deserriog a
reward, imJ\^\ w-<«p-yuM^ muiiawfib
tssawdh, A good aotioii worthy of
I reward, ^.^\^t ^.*^>-^ j*^ J^x
>amol khayr mujib astawab, I hare relin-
juiflhed mistretses and wine, and turned away
torn profli^y and infiitnation, and committed
ill mj affairs to my God, and I have bidden a
inal farewell to my errors, and devoted myself
k> gain reward from my Lord, requesting him
to grant me a good end, ^^ iZJ^l^^
*y Ij C^\ ^ wUuy (,\^\i l^'i\
>ward, r. ^"^ lafa\ *|jU- j&%ah.
See Becompense, Eepay.
)wardable, \^t ^i Idyik al joMd,
L-^1yJ1 i^^,^fMt^ mmtawjib OisatPdh,
awarded, ^l^ mukdfa*,
iwarder, «. yj\^ mukdfl,
letoric, Z>-Lia)! Jla ^m aifudhai.
See Oratory.
letorical. See Oratorical.
letorician. See Orator.
leum, ^j rashh. [/dJiZ.
leamatism, J^U^t ^^jioafa^almO'
linoceroB, $. ^^^ iartaddn.
lododaphne (a rose with laurel leaves),
ilJ J dufle. [lcS^^^ »^^j rdwandslnl.
Lubarb, Jjj\jrdwand. China rhabarb,
ijtae, ^Jli hdfiyat,
lythmical, ^j \y maumHn, Khythmi-
;ally, XjIa1\ ^ ^alldfiyat. Not
rhythmicaly yj^j y j^ ghayr mawtAn.
In oration rhythmically composed,
k^s***^ iiiti«2l^- ^^0 speaks rhyth*
nically, ^>-Li 9dj%^.
b, #• ^Ltf iM^.
Bibbed, ^f i^ laho adld^.
Bioe (in the husk), Jj mt. A rice
merchant, Jj ew &ayyd^na.
Bich, ^jJ> ghanh See Opulent, Wealthy.
Biches, JU mdl, (J\y\ atnwdl, ijt^
JU!^ koiorat al mdl. See Wesdth.
Bichlj, ^J»^ fjij bikol ghina\ See Opu-
lently, Abundantly, Plenteously.
Bichne8s,^^:^yAtW. See Fertility, Opu*
lence. Abundance, Finery, Splendour.
Bick, 8. (pile of com, hay, etc.), y*:x
^hbar.
Bid, V. (disengage, disentangle), Ji>-
hal; (to set free), fjAi^ khaOat. To
get rid of (escape from), ^U- ^/^S^
khaUiu hdlaho \ (to drive away), ^ J
dafa^
Biddance (disencumbrance), J^u*^! ^J^-
Ao/ a/ mashkal; (deliverance), ^isL
ihaldi; (driving away, clearing away),
^ J dafa^
Biddle, #. (enigma), it^jJl^. hanUra,l^j
rtfms. To propound a riddle, 4J4X
^J*^ ^tfma/ Aotsfira. A riddle (sieve),
JIj^ ghurhdl,
Biddle, v. (solve a riddle), U^l^^
iharah arranu ; (to separate by a
coarse sieve), Jj^i gharhal.
Bide, 9. 4---^ r0ib03. Any beast upon
which a person rides, t^^y markah.
And when the time of afternoon prayers ar-
riTed, he rode, with the princes before him,
until he came to the horse-course, where he
played with arms tUl the time of nightfall,
together with his father and the lords of his
empire, ^,^jj^\ i^ (juJ^ ^\^ US^
* •
1^:^
^1 -.LJb
Bider, <. \^\j rdkth (pi. u^\^ ruOdh).
BIG
(936)
BIG
A rider w breaker of hones, >!«/•
Ridge, *. (higher part, top), Jj^ J tarwai.
The ridge of a mountain, J-^1 ^^Ij
rd* dljaM. [See Raillery.
Ridicule, aj^i***^ ffuMyBU'cii^jf^^iihsA.
Ridicule, r. iyfc***^ ^J-i^ ^amalaho mat"
i **
iJx. lSjs^ dahik ^afeiyA*, iAs.jk*"^
tamoikhar ^Jayhi. See Deride, Rally,
Mock, Laugh at.— One who ridicules,
tli^U (teAtit, 4,5jfu*^ mwto^l. See
Wag, Mocker.
Ridiculed, iLs^ j\^ tar mudhake.
Ridiculous, CJ^'^ mudhik, »jSf**^ nuu-
khara. Anything ridiculous, XjA
maskhara. Ridiculous things, (JL
madhak&t.
Ridiculously, \j(^\ JJo hikol utihstd.
Ridiculousness, CSjsf^ JU Ml mud-
hik. See Ridicule.
Riding, t. \^j rtM, L^jfj rukal.
Rie, jl JjU- jdwddr.
Rife (or general, as a contagious dis-
temper), ^y^ ^mUml, yjy^**^ ««*-
tawli.
Rifely, U^4X ^umHtnan.
Rifeness, |»^«4x ^umum.
Rifle, 9. v»^ nahab, l,,,^!.^ m^5. See
Pillage, Plunder, Rob. [See Robbed.
Rifled, cy^Lyu^ matliih, <-->^f^ manAa^.
Rifle, «. ^UA-^ «^WAfifkiA.
Rifler, «. u^U taltb, (^.JbU »aA»&.
See Plunderer.
Right (fit, proper, just), JjJ teyiX,
muwafik. See Becoming, Suitable,
Convenient. — (truej not erroneous),
^&<^ M^lA. See Perfect, Complete.
(just, honest), J^U «fi<», J^^*t^^
^U idUh. See Rightficmi.-'r:
crooked, straight), ^ji""'^ swrfifa
i^^ iiwfl' ; (not left), ^^^ f»
The right hand, ^^/^^ •^^ •^
yamw^. The right aide (tfto aayife
situated on the right), ^^^^ f*^
To the right, h^AJ yamnaian. ^
and left, S^**wij i-4.-^ w^fwi"^''!
fMifiorat. Prom the right, ^j;-^ j^
min al yamln. The right wiog <^ ^i
army, ^2>^«>:^« maffminud. The is3
and left wing, ij^\jii>^^ «?«*^
mufM^ wtf/ moyiorat. A right ii^
JbM< muMiabm. T^
jfcrtflTif fin "T
right way, j^^^Lvm^U ^Ji^' •'^ *
muataklm; (to be straight), f^^s^-^J
kdn mustaklm ; (to be oamct> ^1
^^'^ l^n mAiA.
Right (inteijection of approbation),
tayyib, ^^ac- ^cuXm,
Right (proper), ^^.^L*^^^ Ks*ij
miindM^; (in a direct line),
likhattin tnustakim.
Right O'lstice), Jjlc ^«»; (fr«^
from error), Aar^ wAAtf<; (doe «r.'^
claim), J^ M; (property), ii>j
i»tf /A, LJ^ kh&uifot ; (power, J^
rogative), ijSi hdr^tt iy kiti
The right (side), ^^--4-!^ v----il:r J**
al yamln. Against right, ^j^\ iJ*^
khila/alhak. Hereditary rights, J;i^
^\j^ hukak mirdsiyah.
Right, p. (administerjustioe), J^^ i^f
ajrn^ al kaL
Righteous, ^U idlO, joU tddit *i
Just, Honest, Virtuous, Holy.
Righteously, ^lU JG WW afW.
MP
(987)
BOA
ligbteoTuneBS, JL^ioldh.Bfie'Reeiiixxde,
Honesty, Yirtne, Piety, Justice,
lightfol (having right), ^J^^ halMti.
See Trae, Lawful,
lightfully, uJli^t (JCj hikd imdf,
JiJb ha hd&l.
lightly (properly, suitahly), <U.»li^ Ji^
hikol mundtabai; (exactly), LsJ ,Jij
hiM diiiai, tmJ\y^\j hiaawdh;
(straightly), ^Jxm^ ^^ h% iffofhin
muitaJAm,
tightness, £««li:;^) %$i%kdma$. See Bee-
titade, Bighteousness, Straightness,
Tmeness. [$hadld.
Ligid, rigorous (severe, inflexible), Jj JJi
ligidity, IsJ^ shiddat See Bigidness,
Stiffness.
ligidly, rigorously (severely), idXJ^^ U^
shiddaty Jj JJ^ ^y ^ wajhin ihadld.
.ig:idne88, rigor, i^\j^ sardmat See
Severity, Austerity.
iU, rillet, «. J^Ja^jadwal, See Bivulet.
im, $.j\ii kandr. See Border, Maigin.
ing, «. ^LaI^ halaka. SeeHoop, Circle. —
(for the finger), ^jm^ss^ mahbas. A seal
ring, (wl=^ khdtim (pi. fJ^f>- iha-
tc&tim). An iron ring at a gate,
c^UI SA>- hahkat Mdh, An ankle-
ring worn by women, Jli*^ khalkhdl,
ng, r. J J dak.
ng'doYe, a. Aa^ kamdm.
n^^-finger, $. J^U^ khdtim,
n^let, t. (of hair), uj3|j tdK/f J^«>-
'ae^d. See Curl, Lock of Hair,
ase, V. 4Jm*£ ghaidl. See Wash.
>t, ^t^ $hamdtah.
J, V. Jh^ <AaA. To rip up a sewing,
jpj fatak, [^b &d^A.
>e, ^i^^**^ mtuiaufl. Of ripe years, I
Bise, V. (as the sun), ^it to/i^, ^J;^t
MAraib ; (to appear in view, to emerge),
j^ neker. To rise upon the feet,
i»li kdm.
Bise (source, spring), J^) m/, \daj\
ibtidd. See Beginning, Origin; Elevap
tion. Promotion. — (increase), oUO;^
%%diydd, Bise, rising (springing up
or from), jj«Xi« iudUr; (appearing),
Bisibility, jJL^k^ dukk. See Laughing.
Bisible (having the faculty of laughing),
ddkik; (exciting laughter),
mudakkik.
Bisk, jLirS^ kkatur (pL Jiaii^ aJtkidr),
XjioLk'^ mukkdtarak. See Danger,
Hazard, Chance.— Please to insure my
goods against all risks and dangers,
arfukum UuawgurU mdli ^M kd al
akkUlr, [mukkdtir.
Bisk, v.Jiff\:>^ kkdiar. A ri8ker,^Li^
Bite, «. ^UmJlx)) i^jraam alkanUat, ^jiJ^
taki. Bites, Ayaj ru$Um, ^^yi^ iukHi,
Bites observed at the temple of Mecca,
iL^l^ mandiik.
Bitual,|^«Mit tahH.
Bivage, 1x1 akatt. See Coast, Bank.
Bival, «. »^^jf^ raklhf l^j^ karif,
Biver, a.j^ nakr (pl.^f unhur). The
bank of a river, ^^lia^ akat annakr.
See Bank.— A river horse,y£C)Sl (^lid>- .
kiadn al hakr. See Hippopotamus.
Bivet, «. jUnum* muamdr. See NaiL^To
rivet,^4tM^ maanuM^.
Bivulet, i'jiii^ y^ nakr aagkHr, ^L«
adkiyak, f^^Ja^- jadwal.
Boad, a. Jijb iaf^k. The high road,
(*^ ciO^ ^'''^ t^^ Beads, j^ ^A.
BOM
(938)
BOH
Boaat, 1^. i/^ Mhawa\
Boast, roasted* ijy*^ nmuihuiH, Boast
meat, i^y^^ /*^ lahim mwhuH.
Bob, «. j^ iorak, c-.^ iiaAa3. See
Plunder.
Bobbed, ^J^/uu^ mtwrilt.
Bobber, «. jjL* tdrtib, ic^l^-^- Aoraml,
^ Im (pi. ^^ /tftii«). See Plun-
derer, Thief. — ^A highway robber, c\&
i}ij^\ hattd^ attarlL [Theft.
Bobbery, iJ^ eurkat See Plundering,
Bobe, «. ^liA3 kaftdn; (as present),
Bobust, ^y ibt^. See Strong, THgorous.
Bobustness, iy kuwat See Yigour,
Strength.
Bock, 9.jai^ Bokhr,
Bocky,yij tc^a^r. See Bugged.
Bod, 9, (stick, stafiP), L&e ^Md, (^^yJi
it<><^& (pi. (^W^ twiiSn).
Bogue, «. (yagabond), ii»\i^ awhdsh. See
Basoal, Yillain, Scoundrel, Cheat, Thief.
Boguish (knavish), jijJ^ sharir.
Boll, s, (catalogue), i^^a^ fahrasat. See
List, Begister.
Boll, V. (anything upon the ground),
'^j^^ dahraj. To roll as the waves,
>0^y^ tamauncaj.
BoUed (on the ground), ^ >>-Jcl^ muta-
dahrij. Boiled or levelled as ground,
J****^ mutatiah.
Bomance, i. ^Uui hmah, ^l^ hik&yat.
See Fable; o/m Lie, Fiction.
Bomance, p. cubl^ J^^^ ^malhikdyaL
See Fable, Feign, Forge, Lie.
Bomancer, #. (JLl^^ hakawdil* See
Fabler, Liar.
Bomantio (resembling romances), Jl^
JltUIJI mid al iOafoii (CindM^
jj^tf,^ mwUuawwMT. See Fable; oiis
Improbable, False.
Boof, «. uJl*! Mi^. The roof of &
mouth, jLs^^ uJi^ sAfdlhdL 5»
Palate.
Book, ». ^j sa^A, S-'J^ gJdrdh, 8a
Crow. — ^The rook at chees, ^^ «^
Boom (place), ^ICt moitess, J^-« ««k'.
(space), ^Juy^tMW^a^; (place of anotbe^
^^ ^wad, JjJ ftflio/. InhiBrooe.
^•nAi. A room or apartment, Li,
awda. See Chamber.
Boominess, JJua^ was^. See Space.
Boomy, ^-^^ itmI^. See Spaescci
Wide, Large.
Boot, J-tf\ asl, JjC ^kf ^^j^ ^^
(pi. i}y^\ Uiuh Jsj^ e^r^)' ^
root up, tear up by the roots, ^
kah^, J^'\-^^ uta'sal. See£ndici3^
—To take root, ^^j^ BharratIL
Booted, ^^j^ J^^ ^mU dbrin
^iiJ^ muahariih.
Bope, i. J^s^^habl (pi. JU>-^ «»•'
Bope-maker, Jv^ habhuL
Bosary, <. iL^W« mM5aA«.
Bose, «. idj^ fcardai (pL <ii^^*>;^ «*^
dot). The hundred-leaTed rose, :;
^^^AMiLt iPOTi^ mtiAo&to. The peer
rose,^;*««^\ Jji^ frar(7 aZ Aomlr. Isi
water, Jj^ L« ffi4 ward. Ottar of nss
J;^!^^ ^«Yr al ward.
Bosemary, J-^^ J-1^ tW^ «^ >^
Bosin, ^yli £0(^iiiiA. See Bcsia.
Bosy, roseate, 4^0;^ tronft.
Botation, ^\j^J dawaran, j^J Antr.
Bouge, 2r ,#•«>- AiM»r«A. See PainL
BOU
(989)
ETJD
tough (not level or emooth of surfiGice),
^^1^3- khoikin, laJii ghdtlik. Bongh of
temper, ^ > Vt U h j I r ghaht attab^
See Bude, Bostic.
loughcasty <. or roagh draught or model,
jr J^Mh/t mutawwadah.
toughen, v. (make rough), iaJLC^duix
^malaho ghalU ; (to grow rough), Jia
laJic 9dr ghdbM,
oughly (with unpolished manners),
Hois. JG htkol ghdl&tat.
oughnesB, iU^li ghaldtat; (harshness
of temper), ijjJ^j^ khuahnnat ; (rude-
ness of manners), l^j\ a«Xc ^adam
adab, Xsl^ A«ve ^adam xard/at, JLl^Lc
oand, Oi^*. j^«X« mtftjavu^or, j Jcum^
musiadir. Bound ahont, round and
round, J^ howl. To turn round,
^\o ddr. See Bevolve.
>ciiid, «. iji\*i ddgirahfj^t} dawr. See
Dircle, Bing ; Bevolution. The round
?r step of a ladder, ^b>^J darajah,
riie round or circuit made by a guard
yr watch, ijy> nawhai.
and, ado, J^»> howl ; (on erery side),
..^^W jj^ ^ mtit koljdnib*
azid, 9. (make round), ji^X« ^Ju^e ^o-
taiaho mudawwar; (to go round), ^tj
J^.>> idr hawl; (to become round),
^«X^ jlitf idr mudawwar*
inded, made round, jjtV« mmdawwar.
xTkdlj (in a round form),^j«X^^Jdj
r^Aa^tnmtM^oiiwar; (without reserve),
rigorously), *i^^^J^ J^ hikoljad-
wqfahd. [ness. Sincerity.
7»
ix&dness, ^ Juf tadwir. See Smooth-
r. i*li tem. See Excite. — ^To
rouse from sleep, ajJ\ ^ JfU fdt
min annaum; (to awake from sleep),
/^yi\ ^ ^J^ foggak min annawm.
Bout (defeat of an army), Aji^^ tnAisdm,
X^JJJb lualmaty lyS kasrat
Bout, v,J>M*si\jMJi katar al ^kar, ^yb
hamam. See Defeat. [See Defeated.
Routed, ^j^ mun}umm,jyJ^ mak^r.
Boute, (jijo tarlh See Way, Bead.
And lo, it was the right waj. They took
that roate, and oontinaed their eoune the
same daj and the next night, until they had
traversed a wide tract of country, 1 j\i
Bow, s. u^ iaf (pL uJ^iitf ^fttf)*
Placed in a row, (^jiL^^ mwtaf.
Bow, V. (a boat), cJji kadaf, c^Ji
kaddaf. [See Spur.
Bowel, «. jUf« muhmd%, JiJii thawkaim
Bower, uJl Jj kaddaf, fc»fAfl>< mukaddtf,
Boyal, ^/^ mu/iii&f, J^^ m/^nf.
Boyally, ^j)^ ^y, hiwajkin mudtki,
Boyalty, JulaL* iuUamU.
Bub, c;. Ci^ /^^> <-^^ ^> ^^"^
dl0^«i. SeeOrind, Polish, Scour, Clean.
— ^Torub(wearorbewom), j;«*^«a^.
Bub, rubbing, 9, CJk>- ^A, CSSosT tah-
klk, \lj!j3fark. Bubbing with the hands
or between the fingers, CO fark,
C^^/j ta/rik.
Bubbicdi, JLL^ kan&$at. [wdJaf),
Buby, 9. c:-^yU ydk^ (pi. c:^)^ yo-
Bude (uncivil, brutal), IxJx y^Is, Lj
kahd. See Inelegant, Bustic, Bugged,
Bough, Harsh, Savage, Turbulent.
Budeness (brutishness, incivility), Uioii.
ghaid%ai; (ignorance, unskilfulnese),
Aji\ aJls ^adam al ^Im. See In-
elegance, Violence.
KTJI
(940)
BUX
Badiment (first demenfB of seience), (Ji^l
Oil, xsciild^tdsh, \jajt aUdd.
Budimeiital,_»y^ $Aarhi,^X^\ at&,etc.
Bne (herb), c^t Ju^* taddh.
Bue, 9. ujlI'I? toMftff, Ju\ ingham. See
Lamenti Griere, Begret.
BafBan, «. ^<«);»- A«r<Zmi, (jij^\ ^l!
kdti^attarlk See ABsassin, Bobber,
ICorderer.
Bd&ed (diBOompoaed) <,,^Vi.J>< mutiarib
(yulg. ^joyo^ nuMdiki),
Bag, «. LluJ &mA^, Am^jiJp tunfuioi. See
ICat, Coverlet, Carpet.
Bugged (rough, nneyen), ^;m«£^ iUMAtfi,
IsuLe fhallM ; (as groiind),^:^ tra^r. See
Bongh.^ Bugged of teinper,^JaStLJL£
ghdlUaitdb^. See Morose, Bade, Bratal,
Surly.
Buggedly, ij\JLtL J^ hiiol khashdna^,
i^U J^ bikol ghaldnai.
Buggedness, XJ^lc gJuddwat^ ij^*L^ Jshu*
ih^nai. See Boughness.
Bain(destnlction), i^^^jasrtakhrib, aJU^
A^i^m, /•^J^^ tfiAu^^m* A ruin (of a
building), ^}js>- kkardhui, Buins,
LZ^\j\ ji^ kharahat
Buin, r. S-'p^ kharab, /» JJb hadam. See
Demolish, Destroy, Overthrow, — (to
make poor or wretched), ^^ ^dux
^ama/oAo/aihfr.
Bained (demolished, overthrown, laid
waste), /»^«Xf« maAJtZm, A«Xf*^ mtfii-
AiM^im, L^^jS^ fnakhriA ; (made poor or
wretched), ^;^/a^Ir, ^/mIa^ mufiia,
Buinous (as buildings), i^^y^ kharh&n,
khardh; (destruotire), lJUs^^ mutltf,
o^ miM^tfT. See Pernicious.
Buinonaly (peniieioaflly),^^^ u.^ Jaj
hikolMiJkt timdmvr.
Bale (goTemment, f .9.)» ^^C»- Ui-
MO^, ^i^^hJkm; (acanon), ^y liissii
M^^jratm, td^Mkd^idak^hu^ikmh^^
A rule or ruler by whieh right lioei r
drawn, y^Vim^ «it»/«r«A. Boles, ^Jy
iiatodfiffi^ tXft^ ibitod^tii. Aocofdingk
rule, /^j^J^ ^ '*«"'»■ AoMift orriBia
19'ot according to rule, (^y^\ J^ ^'
tfrriMAm.
Bule, r. ^»^ Xtfitam. See GoTecu, Se
gulate. Manage. To rule or dnv i
line with a ruler, Ja^ smttar. I k>
no wisli at all to many ; for I mat a pracai^
a BOTei
rarn, and a queen, mliag otb oe
people, ancl I desire not a man to rale ot«9i
i.x^ JU \Si1 ^^^>H ^ ^ ^/
jj^t S^ uA:S\ ^le. Ss^] m^^ IScH
Buled (governed), fS^\ «^
Atftim. Buled with a mler,
muioUar.
Buler, f. fS\^ kdkim. See (SoTemor-
A ruler for drawing lines (made l
parallel threads disposed on paatcbog:
ir^kuA^ mMtmrah. See Bule.
Bumble, v. J^j ra^oif, ^^ JUrlff^. &
rumbling of the belly, ^J^\ i«^-
karkacat td hatn,
Buminate, v, jyLJ iMiAiMrr. See Qu^
the end. — (to muse), ^^i^ UfA
fl. See Meditate.
Bumination (chewing the cud), J^z^
ijtirdr\ (meditation),^^/£r.
Bummage, v. (jm£j fattoih. See Sesfc
Bumour(news), «^L2»j^ itoAoraii^
(reputation), c:..^^^ «i/.
Bumour, v. ^U^^ ^«^ tAoy/o^ mki^
BUS
(941)
SA.C
tan, 9, ^joij rakad. See Make Haste,
Flj, Bash. To run away (flee), u^
1uirab\ (to flow), \Jj>' jora\ And
when they saw the troops they were fiightened,
and they ran away from them, and fled to
those caves, while their women and their
children stood at the entrances of the cayes,
anagate, ^UjU^UM^ibrlm^na^. See
Apostate.
anaway, 4-J^^U hdrtb. See Fugitiye,
anner, «. u^^J ^^^* (swift mes*
Sanger), ,^L» <a^l. See Messenger,
Courier.
upture, «. (breach of peace), ^*^\ .^joSij
nakadalsulh, ij\jj&\j\^\ izhdr al ^add^
wat. See Breach, Hostility, Enmity,
War.— (hernia), j\sjfat4k, fjsjjutk,
^3 kurh. To be afflicted with a rup-
ture, Jh^I infatak, (jj^\ inkardk^
^^^ aljLtf B&r lahofatak,
apture, 9. See Break, Burst,
iral, ,^ji harfl. See Bustio.
iBQ, ^du»- hilah. See Artifice, Finesse,
ish, V. (move with violence), ^j^\
ura^n See Bun. — To rush upon, ^is^
Aa hajam ^ala\ See Assault, Attack.
Ind when they saw ns, that we were a small
company with ten loads of presents for the
iiDg of India, they rushed on ns, pointing
;heir spears at us,^iJ ^jo^^ \ij]j Uli
^JX^ \^Sib JUj^-I ijJ^ \uA^^ JJi
M M
at, 1 J^ 9odd.
stio, rusticaI(belongingtoth6country),
<r]^ Jorri. See Bnral.— (rude, un-
Giu^ht, inel^ant), laJl^ gialu, US
ihf3d, .li faU&h; (artless, honest,
simple), AjA>r yAa«Alifi; (plain, un-
adorned), yjLi »dda»
Bustio, 8. -.li falldh. See Clown,
Countryman, Husbandman, Farmer.
Busty, jJJLsf* mt^aiisftr.
Bye, jfj^U^/Af^e^r, IjC^a ftf^ote.
S.
S, in English, has two sounds : one soft,
at the beginning of words, as salt; the
other approaching to the sound of s,
as rose. In Arabic ih is expressed by
^ (as ^^0*^ shamif the sun').
Sabaoth, iZJj\^ iohdwui. Holy, Holy,
Holy : Lord God of Sabaoth, (jMi^ji
CJ^jl^l ^1 c-^t (jyurjjJ ^jji. The
Sabeans, ^^l^y called also ^^yuy<Jl»
Shamtiyun^ or the Worshippers of the Sun-
God, for Oid of Sabaoth^ understand the Snn-
GKid, and assert that the Hebrews took this
name from thenL They alle^ that they are
called Sabeans, ^y^l«^» and their re-
ligion iZJ^\f^, Sttbeism, as they wor-
ship the Sun-Gk>d, the Lord of Sabaoth, the
one and only Supreme Sovereign of the Uni-
yerse, the Lord of Heaven and Earth, the
King of Angels and of Men, and of every
created being, who all combine to form the
innumerable productions of the Incompre-
hensible to men, who is Comprehensible only
to himself.
Sabbath, cu>v»mJ\ Ay^yawm auaht; (Sun-
day), tX^XI |*jj yawm d ahhad, aj^
^i^\ yawm arrab,
Sabine, «. (tree), ^L 9dj, J|j! dbkdl.
Sable, J^t Mwad. See Black.— The
sable or its foxpjy^^ Mmmfir, c-;Ucu
nnjdh»
Sabre, t . u,flj.j Moyf. See Swoid.
Sacerdotal, Jy^ iainM. See Friestly.
BAD
(942)
SAG
Sack, ». J^^ jawal, ^jt^ kis. See
Bag.— A large needle for sewing sacks,
jLm^ musdllah.
Sack, r. (storm, plunder, lay waste),
i^^nahab. gee Pillage ; o&o To bag.
Sack (storm, pillage), (^^ nM, ifjx.
gharaih. See Plunder,
Sackbut, #. (musical instrument), ^y>\i
hdniLn (pi. ^^ V ^^^^"^^y
Sackdotb, JL^ hhayih, {^ »»«^-
Sacked, UJ'^f^ manhoh. See Plundered.
Sacker, L-^Jbl3 ndA»&. See Plunderer.
Sacrament, (j^J^\ ^byS^^- nr a/^r-
5dn a/ tnukadda9. See Eucharist ; Oatb.
Sacred, jjw Ji^ tnukaddas. See Holy. —
(inviolable, interdicted from promiscu-
ous use), AjS^ muharram ; (private).
Sacredly, USs^ ijlj«^ J^ hikoldiydnat
wa hadasaU See Religiously, Inviolably.
Sacredness, ^/*»J5 huds, i^ljj kiddsai.
See Holiness.
Sacrifice, i;. ^^y fcwraft, -^J soiaA.
See Kill, Destroy, Devote.— A sacri-
fice, ^\iji hurhdn, Ls^jJ zahlhat,
JLs^ dahiyat, A place of sacrifice,
^ j^ mwJerA. Then she turned her
fkce towards her father, and said, Hast thou
seen any one who oonld sacrifice such a hand-
Bomebeing? uiJlS^ Ifjjl J\ u:..cxicS\ J
Sacrificed, ^^«i^ wkwJfiA. The animal
sacrificed, i^ui tahlhai.
Sacrificer, ^\i futhih.
Sad, (•^♦*^ moffhrnUm, ^^„^ hoAn,
^^jSf^ mahs^an. See Sorrowful, Melan-
choly, Mournful.
Sadden, v, (make sad), ^^^ ahum^ *£
gham ; (to grow sad), ^\ mg^U
^j :^^ $dr mahsAn.
Saddle, «. ^^ «ar; (pL ^^r* "^ '
A pack-saddle, y*«-» iomar.
Saddle, r. ^^ <«T?f.
Saddled, ^jj/-^ wwrfl;-
Saddler, saddle-maker, ^\/-» «"'^'
Sadly, *c J^ ^t*o? yA«i».
Sadness, ^ yAam. See Sorrow, M^-
choly, Dejection. But I was trouWediakc
on aocount of your absence firom me, ad r
sadness for your loss, and my staying ii ?
palace by myself, J^»,«» ^ Lil ji^*
Safe, JL sdlim, )ayisr^ mahjv%, j^
muhml.
Safe-conduct, s. sJdJ ttakara, wJ-
pasdport. See Convoy, Passport
Safeguard, ^U>- Mmdyai, iL^^
nat. See Defence, Protection.
Safely, i^SL, iai^ Jil^ JiloJ A«fe p
Safety, safeness, i^La taldmatj ^•'
aamdn, ^^ ««». And we set st
hy the permission of God (whose name V -
alted!). Fortune serred ua^anddesdBfi^
us, and we ceased not to prosecute our ^^-
until we arrived in safety, ^^j\i l-y-
LJJos Lj dJtJi\ ll^ J^j ^l« J/
Saffi-on, Jl^j M^ardn, ^J i«Hr
Sagacious, ij^, u-;..^^U wAil i*^'
See Sage. [«» "«^
Sagaciously, ^U^^^l^ J^' Jifo/tfr-
Sagaciousness, sagacity, i^\^J «is*
See Foresight, Prudence.
Sage (wise), Jilc ^fiW, j^X.- ^
uJ;U ^ar(f. See Sagacious, Pw^
SAL
(943)
SAL
hge, B. A.^.C'v- hakim, t^yJLi faylaaHf
(pi. UX>. hukamS, Iaa ^kaUt, Ulc
^tf^omd). See Philosopher, [^hikmat,
lagely, iu^^^Jir J5j hikol^aklin wa
fitnat. See Wisdom, Pradence.
iagittarias, sagittarji \j*t^\ »^jt hurfal
kawB.
taid (aforesaid), jf^jbjt (Hmtakllr. He
said, Jl5 kah We said, Ui ^/nd. You
said, aiJJ kultum. They said \j!U i^d/a.
ail, «. ^Jli ^/^. A ship rigged with
sails, «JlL« mukli^
ai], t^. ^J ^/a^.
ailor, «. i^jS^, hahri, vjy niZ^i. And
the sailora bronsht oat eTerything that was in
that Tessel to trie shore, fhey were slow in
taking forth the goods, while I stood writing
the numherof the hales, ^j^^ t^^^
unt, B. {jt*if^ kadiU. Saints, ^^^«amJ Ji
JtaddfBin.
ike (end, pnrpose), Lj niyat, Ju^ koBd,
i^jmok^ maksud, ^jS. gharad\ (cause,
account of any person or thing), i,,, .^n...^
sabab. For the sake of, (J^^ liajl.
For your sake, clil^f ^ min ajlak.
For the sake of God, ^ 4.^:^ mth
habhaian illahi.
1 ammoniac, J jl^y nUBhddir,
lacious. See Lecherous, Lustful.
Ia3.f 9' ^1^ Boldta.
Laznander, b,jX>,a^ Bamandar.
Lary, b, Is^ ^H/at, ^J^ ta^yln.
^ee Stipend, Pension, Pay. — To pay a
alary, ij^ Jasl a^ta' ^uiu/aL
^ hay^. Sale to the highest bidder,
j\yt ffuudd. To put up to sale, J^«x
j\jy ^amal matdd, [Id yttbd^.
Saleable, &Ljyu5d^. Not saleable ^Lj)
Salesman, b. J)j daHdl, c w hayyd^.
See Seller.
Saline, salinous, ioX/* maUdhat,
SaliTa, jLaJ or jLwj huBdk, fjij rfi,
Ji; tufl. See Spittle.
Saliva], salivary, salivous, ^J^^j rikl.
Salivate, v. ^J*ai hoBak. [Jdn arrik.
Salivation, (^US ht^dh, (JiJ^ (j^^ Baya-
Sallow, adf. yua^ muBfar. — And when
she heard the description of her, she knew her,
and her conntenance became sallow, and her
state hecame changed. So he said to her,
O.my sister, why has thy countenance become
sallow, and thy state changed ? LiJlj
Sally, B. (eruption of the besieged), (^ys^
kujUm, '^^J^- khuruj, [kharaf ^ala\
Sally, V. ^Ic i^ hajam^la\ ^Ar rrj'^
Saloon, B, ^li kd^h. — And her father
occupies a large saloon helow, leaving her
alone ; and often do I yisit them : thou canst
obtain an interview vrith her only through me.
So arm thyself with courage, aJ ^y^^
Salt, B. J^ milh. Salt or brackish water,
^UU ma malih. In^aiaA.
Salt, adj\ J t« mdlih. Salted, J^^^ mu^
Salt, V. J^ maUah, To oversalt in cook-
ing,^^ JL« Aax- ^malahomdlihkatHr.
Salt-cellar, «. l^^^^ mamlahai, 1>X<9
mdUdhaU
Salter, b, (one who Balt8)>^r'^^ mumaUih ;
SAL
(944)
SA]7
(a seller of ealt), ^ & Cj hayyd^ milh ;
(a maker of salt), f^ J^le ^dmtlmilh.
Saltish, JU mdlih. See Saline.
Saltness, ^Ji^/»g. Saltless bread, J«^
«J J khabz dali^. [Nitre.
Saltpetre, Oji^Ul ^ milh al hdrnd. See
Salvation (eternal bliss), ^Jjil ^jUaJ\
aua^dat al abadiyat^ ^^ khalas ;
(escape from danger or difficulty), »\sfr
najdh.
Salubrious, i^X^ $alltn, l^^\ (Ji^^ mt«-
wdfik assahhat. See Wholesome.
Salubrity, lth» taldmat, i^\ Jlftil^
muwdfakat assahhat. Salubrity of air,
\^\ JljCLcl i^tiddl al hawd.
Salve, #. AJb^ marAam. See Plaster.
Salver, s, ^^^^ sahn. See Plate.
Salvo, «. \::„tz^\ iitwtd. See Exception,
Excuse.
Salutariness, isAi fdyidat, ^X na/*^,
Sm^ manfa^L See Salubrity, Whole-
someness.
Salutary (wholesome), isT^ ^~* «t«-
/i% /t/ iahhat, ^\J^ shdfi; (advan-
tageous), Olj nd/S^, jyJu4fnuftd,*iJXa
iodid. See Profitable.
Salutation, /*1L» saldm, aJumJ tasllm.
Salutations, d^U^LuJ iaslitndt. After
salutations, i*LJ! j^ju &a^(? ataaldm.
After salutations and compliments, Jju
A^J^m^ i*LJl &a^(^ assaldm toal ikrdm.
[These and similar phrases often begin
Eastern letters.] — He then rose from
his place nnd went to them, and salated them
with the hest salutation; and they hastened
to rise to him, they met him in the most
polite manner, with all honour and respect,
Juij AfJl jUrf^ ^U^ ^ aU ^\ mJ
(♦ir^'jj* ii^ A^ ttT^'^ *A^^
SalatOp «. (pay compliment), ^^ *iw*
so/^m ^«2(i'. — I passed by a taikr
sitting in his shop, I nlnted him, and he if
turneS the salutation and welcomed me, tad
rejoiced with me, asking me the reason «f sr
having left my own conntry, t^^-
Same, J^ /«rrf, ^Jl» J^ /orrf «*jr. Scs
Eqaal, Like, Alike, Even, Similar.-
Of the same species, «X>-^j
minjini wdhid, or ^j»t^^ ^^ji ^^ «*
ford jifu. Of the same religion, ^p«
^J Jj3 minfard din. Of the atoe
city, ^ X« J^ ^^ mm ^n? uMiM
Of the same colour, ^j! «3^ ^r^ »»
/ir(^ lawn. Of the same age,^^ix «y ^»«
mtii /ori cumr. At the same time, . <»
(ditto), Labi tfyifaii.
Sample, «. ^jV^r. ^ayniyat, »^Vimi^ •»!<»•
raA. See Specimen.
Sanative, ^l^ «Aa/^. See Healing-
Sanctification,^^«^ MAir,^^;«j jiJ isiife
Sanctified, (jMJkL« muibMUM.
Sanctifier, t . ^j«.J^ makaddU. To k
sanctified, (jM<xai takaddoM.
Sanctify, v. fjuJJ kaddaa.
Sanctimonious, JjIb ^hid,^^»ijSik$^
See Holy. [nt
Sanctimony, iroL^ ^tSddii^ Z.*^ ji iH^
Sanction, La.^.>^7 ^ot&l^. SeeBatifiesticft
Sanctity, sanctitude, ^t jiibitfiSM^, ij^
tahdrai. See Holiness.
Sanctuary, «. (holy place), ^^i»Ji^ J^
fnahal mukaddoi, ^/mSiA^\ c=.vjl '
Sand, Jl^ rand.
SAB
(945)
SAT
dal, «. f^Mj na^f tt^V ^^^'*
idarak, (jmijijOOmi sandarHt.
ided (covered with sand), J^U ^Jak^
mghatU^ hirranU, See Barren.
iderB or sandal wood, ^}si^ tandal,
dj (conaiiting of Ba]id)| ,Xf; nnn/l;
hll of aand), J^j Jd^ hoUaho rami,
Uj JU maldn rami
gainary, U jd( ^ILi M^iK mWm^.
ee Cruel, Bloody.
guine (having the eolonr of blood),
19-1 €thnutr ; (abonndbg with blood),
ji>\ j^ koAr addam, ijy*^ dmu^u^ ;
iill of bopesyconfidentywarm), u«..«««Ef^
ua:j mu^ib hinafiihi^ J>^ ^^9
.Jaif^l^- Atfr attab^. See Eager.
^oineness, ^^1 i;!;^ harotrtttattah^
fe Ardour.
es, ^ ib^A, S jU mddaL See Pas.
ous, ^A^ mukayyih.
^jC> ^arak, ^,j^j nUQhat, J<a:r^j
thhat. See Juice.
V. (mine), s^^l} nakah,- Ji ^}aa
nal loghm. See Undermine, [table.
iy ijj\^ <tl ^^0 md%iy(tt. See Pala-
^nce, <uX^ hikmai. See Wisdom.
mt. See Wise.
tea, ^j^ ^U md^Ao mdziyaL
aacioos (soapy), ^^,\^\ Ji^ misl
d^ath [mat. See Taste.
% d jJ /HUMf, 2j^ mauat L^ to^-
ific, Jutil ImIs. [7!^^ m/^^*
ciire, «. J^jt CL?ylU ydHi awrak,
tness, ^jU m&%iyat.
y. See Full of Sap.
BIS, s« |J^ ^AoMmvi. See Be-
Eusii, Oibe Taunt
stioal, sarcastio, ^c^*^ ^oAoibbiml.
sticaUy, J^ J^ hikol iahakhm.
* «Xa^f^.
Sardel, sardine, sordias, sardonyx (pre-
cious stone), jUAf ^akik. [Fillet.
Sash, 9, J6^ titnndr. See Scarf, Belt,
Satan, ^Ua^il ahaytdn, ^ji^\ Mu. See
Deril. — And the old woman said. I seek re-
fuge with God from Satan the stoned I Thou
hast no desire for men^ how then has love
affected thee, and made thee its Tietim P
^ JW-;^ cH V ^^ r^;'
Sate, i;. satiate, ^^\ athha^, wJi <^-
ha^. See Satisfy, Fill, Saturate, Glut,
PaU.
Satiate, satiated, sated, ^U^ ihah^dn.
To be satiated, «
Satiating, c\JU\ uhbd^
Satiety, w^ ihahac.
Satin, ^^^^mIL^ o^^m.
Satire, ^£b^ hafu. See Invective, Irony,
Bidicule.— To compose a satire, ^J^x
ys^ ^amal hafn. See Satirize.
Satirical, satiric, f^ys^ haja^l.
Satirically, ^jL hikol kqf^, ^cyj
i^ys^ binaw^ hajanH,
Satirist, 9, ^U hafi.
SatirLse, v. \s^ hafa, ys^ J.*r ^amal
kaj^. To satirize one another, tJuix
ys^ M^n2 ^amalu Idba^ikim kafn.
Satisfaction (of mind), j^ ^ turHr, \^j
rtdd. See Content, Complacency,
Gratification. — Satisfaction for an in-
j^n7> u^^ ^awad, i\i\Lt mukd/dh.
Satisfactorily, y^^j^^^j^, hi naw^n
muri^. [faction.
Satisfactoriness, Uj ridd. See Satis-
Satisfactory (giving content, pleasing),
^\j rddi, ^f fnmrii\ (making
atonement)
ataunuh.
^ yttmkl
60
8ATI
(946)
BAY
8aiMed,^\jrddl,jjij*M^mairlir. See
Ck>ntent ; alio Paid.— To be satiBfied,
L^]jJ^ «dr rdil.
Satisfy, v. (give oonteDt), ^j rada^. See
Satiate.— (to pay, fulfil), ^^ wafa',
2Ft\pj jJ^ wafa* bi^ahdiht; (to recom-
pense), ii\j\>' jd%dh; (to free firom
doubt or perplexity), JU^ i^j rayyah
cXbd,l\ (to convince), ^i Jsana^.
Satrap, «. <-^ iotrab, J^Jj^ manah&n.
Saturate, v, »— S»\ a$hhat. *---J» «Atf^iac.
See FiU, Satiate.
Saturated, ^^Ji <Aa5^an. See Satiate.
Saturday, ui.'wJl >»^ yaum oMobt.
Saturn (planet), Jj>;j tahal, JiySkiw&n.
Satyr, «. J^ gh^l, ^A^^ i«?aA«A. See
Savage. [mm^W.
Satyrion (herb), Cj^JueJlUari- ^Amo
Savage (unfeeling), ^tf-»^ ^'^i " 5* ^'
k«Jil\ ghahtdlMhj iAsJ^\ ^^^ ^im
ashshafakat See Cruel, Fierce.— (un-
civilized, rustic), ^^5*^*^^ iraA^Al, ^^
Jijfrl. See Wild, Uncultivated.— A
savage (wild man), ^0^*^} ^wi *»-
«fin wahihl, A savage beast, (^A*"j
waUh (pi. (^y>-^ »aAfl«A). To savage
or make savage, ^/^^ ^iL«£ ^ama^aAo
traA<A.
Savagely (cruelly), i^AA^lj lUd shafakat.
See Barbarously, Wildly.
Savageness (barbarousness), J^LJ ^Md-
wat, i4>^j^\ aA£ ^dM^am a^ marhamat.
See Cruelty. — (wildness), i-fi*^^ waA-
aAana^.
Sauce, a3^ maraka.
Saucer, «. ^G^ ^«i\^ kdieh Itl maraha,
Sauciness, L>-Xii hUlat hayd. See
Impudence, Pertness.
Saucy, Cr^jt lb hOd adab. SeelmHol
Pert.
Save, r. (preeerve ftom evil),!ato^ W*
See Preserve.— (protect), ^^ i«
(set free), ^^/i^ JthMu. T« a^
(not to spend or waste, to lay by), ^
waffar,jJy Jaa ^amalimfv. ^
Beserve. — (to spare or excuse), >
^ j^a/a ^tf», ^^ yAij/flf Ws. fe
Pardon.— Save you ! Qad aare jw
Save (except), \j^\^ md^addfj^f^
]|\ tZJoE. I have fallen into the ob
of thy love, and become of the mimlw ^ -
victims. The love that thou h»bt is c»
ferred to me, and there remains not a^'
it with thee, save as mucb as the taotb fb: :
what I have, cJ'y^vif^ J ^^.
Saved (preserved from evil), ]af^^
fa%; (not spent or wasted, Uiii
^b 5a Al, yi^ muwaffmr. See ^
served. — (protected), -a^^ ««**
(set f5ree), ^^^-s^ »
or excused), jj»X*^ ma^iir w*
m«^a/. The excess of thy coTetoiHK«*
eager desire have entrapped thee into <Jes«
tion, since thou hast fallen into s pit ^
which thou wilt never be saved, ^
^'
.^^V.
Saver, «. (preserver from evil), -'
Aq/Ss, aLm^ muioUim, etc.
Saving, «. (of expense), ^-iy ^'
(somewhat preserved from heinf ?'
or wasted), ^b hdkh SeeBeaai^
Beservation."— (exception), vi>
SAT
(947)
SCA
avingly (panimo&ioualy), jii*^ J^
^y^ Inkol iadblr wa Umflr,
avingneBB (parsimony), ^JJ taiShlr^
^y tawfir.
adoor, «. (^^^dLsr^ mukhalliii Our
Saviour Jesus Christ, c^.amjIjJl^
4^»ma^\ ioyyidnd ya9ik^a^ma9iht\:0^A^
mukhaUisna,
iTOT, if jkl lassMaif Zijiff ta^mat. See
Taatei. Flavour, Smell.— Of a bad
savor^ ^^fflalt i^Jj rail atta^mat.
ivor^ V. (have the taste of), ^iCujil^
tactaataho, «xJl t/^s.; (to give a taste),
jj jj iiL^fi ^offksZfV^ 2asls, jJ ^
ivorily, ifiJ JG Mkol lauat, <U«Lr J^
^i^ iaofnat. [grance.
ivoriness, iijj ^huui^. See Savor, Era-
ivory, jj jJ knit. See Fragrant.
lasage, «. jLx^ tnanbdr, 0^»A^ mUhj.
iw, j?rtf^. 0^ see; as, I saw, dJ^
namart; thoa sawest, CJ^ nazart;
he saw, Ja3 nasor; we saw, \jjaj
tazamd ; you saw, (^^Joj fuuarUtm ;
they saw, \jjaj luaarU.
w, 8, jIwLJi^ mtmhdr, A hand-saw,
Skj^luJ^ miruhdr yad. The handle
»f a saw, j\»mV4>11 Jj yoi a/ mtiMAdr.
^longing to a saw, (^ULj^ mtiM^ri.
;r, V, jLJ nashoTm
irdnst, ^luJ m>^raA.
vyev, 8,jJ^\j ndshir,
% r. Jli kdl. See Speak, Tell> Re-
ite. — They say, \^^ yakulu; it is
iidy Jm3 hi. Then he said to him,
idjBt thou hear, 0 my son, vhat I and thy
other iaid respecting the Qneen Jobarah,
id. our mention of her qualities P And he
iid, Ye8,^jij\i ts-^JM- Ja aS JlS |J
Mfu JUi IfjUjS l|/(i^ V^^ ^S^Xtlt
Saying, say, «. a)1^ ibJdm, JlL« mti^d/^
Jy ibtr/; (he said),, JU iW; (she
said), (j:Jld kdUU,
Scab (a disease), t^^jaroB.
Scabbard, s. uJlc yhUdf, (^jLaJI (j:,.^
5a5it^ M«a5^, Jb«^ ghamd. See Sword-
sheath, [^ifirad (fern. bj>- jarhd\
Scabbed, scabby, ^,j>'jarhdn^ ^^^
Scabbedness, scabbiness, im^j>' jarab.
Scaffold, «. iSJ^ tabakat (pi. c^IaJ:^
^o&xA^^); (for building), jUjJ) ^Um&
skdlat id ^mdr ; (for execution), ZilLA
Scale, s, {or bason of a balance), jLi
^tj^t fdjt almltdn. ^ scale of a
fish, jjji ;Sft (pi. 5jyy|^ fidHi). A
scale or gradation, is^-jJ darajat ; (a
thin plate), ii:>j iandkaU
Scale, 0. (fish), {jSA^SjtihiihrMsafnak.
Scaled, scaly, {jm^ A hhofidnt.
Scales, ^|j^ mUdn (pi. ^jij^y mawd^
sfn). See Balance. [Onion.
Scallion, «.y.a£>»l J^oj hoiolakhdar. Sea
Scammony, nJyi^^^ mahmUde,
Scandal, kISJ^ shak, is^Uii faiihaU
See Infamy, Disgrace. — (reproach),
a!L% maidm, i>mm^*r. ^h.
Scandalize^ v. (lX& ^Jacl a^tt^ shak.
See Beproach, Calumniate.
Scandalous (infamous), c,i>%j,ff^ mu^lb,
^^^^ mu/dih. See Ignominious, Shame-
ful.— (opprobrious), jU ^dr .
Scandalously (infamously), ^s_-'' J^
jU^ &A^/ ^itn ifftf^dr. See Shame-
fully. [JUi hikol kiUat.
Scantily, scantly (not pleateously), J^
•8CA
(948)
SCH
ScantiiiG8B» BcantnesA (narrowneas, want
of space), iSu^ dikat; (want of plenty),
iSjkOlaL
Scanty (narrow, wanting amplitude),
JUi dayffik ; (wanting plenty), JJi
kalll See Niggardly, Scarce.
Scantling, #. (a quantity out off), XkIoj
hat^ai; (a small pieoe), ij^jS hatrat.
See Fragment [Escape.
Scape. See Escape. — To scape. See
Scapula, t^Jci hUf. See Shoulder-blade.
Scapulaiy, ^Jdi hUf%,
Scar, f. 6^J ddgh.
Scar, V. ^Ij J«4C ^amal ddgh.
Scarce (not plentiful), JJJ hM,jJ^j^
ghayr iSmir; (rare, not common), jjl3
n&dir. To be or become scarce (not
plentiful), Ji hd^ JJi jU 9dr ioM;
(rare), ^ jU j\^ sdr nddir. To make
scarce, JJJ kaUal. [Hardly.
Scarce, scarcely, J^^ hOjahid. See
Scarceness, scarcity, kc'' hahlf iJj ktUat.
See Penury.
Scare, «. ^^ jLb hawwal ^M, 4_5^
khawwaf. See Frighten. [Mi^d/.
Scarecrow, «. isojoeT takhwlfat, JLc^
Scarification, ^ *mJ toAri^.
Scarifier, ]ffjJL^ mmharrit.
Scarify, 9. S?^ iharrat
Scarlet, \Jj^^ kirmitl. See Bed.
VN^ W
Scatter, 9. c: ^'i A thattat, ^jh farrak.
See Sprinkle, Disperse. — (to be dis-
persed), u:..CLaJ tashatia^, ^yO fafar-
rah. See Scattered. — Then he opened
tfae two leathern ban, and took forth from
them the jewels and ouer things, and ncattered
them before the King, aitdBaid to him, 0 Kioj^
of the Ag^, perhaps thon wilt accept mypresent,
and show nronr to me, and oomfort mj heart
by accepting it from me, ,^ui iJi\ mJ
AiiiJ, , JJJJb J-S; cJLx Jvii'
Scattered,^^^:^!^ mmtiMffr, ^.1:^ ai»^
ihar, g[;0^^ mim^ffrf . [&t2a asfat
Scatteringly, u-^^ 3b ^tTa ^orH^, fXa; I
Scene, f.^^la:^ ffwmsor. See Theatre ;m
Display, Prospect.
Scent (power of smelling), Jul2j! 1 J h-
wot ashshdmat, mJ^ ^hamm; (o&mr.goK
or bad), ^bsr\j r&yihat. See SmeL
Scent, 9. (perceire by the nose), ^ <i»
See Smell. — (to give a scent to),^^'
haJMhar. See Perfume.— To gite :
smell, A^ ^lamwuim.
Scentless, iser\j ^U m^iMo rdyikti.
Sceptre, t. Cil«l\ c, n,^^ ia^aimi
Schedule,^ J daflar, i^^ kayimti.
Scheme, », (purpose), fjOjC^ ghmraij ^
hasd, t}yaLt maks^. See Design. Ii-
tention,-^(project, plan),^^ JJ t^
Schemer, i, jJX* mudtMir. See Fr-
jector. Contriver. [Henr
Schismatic, ^^iT^Aar^dAi. SeeHoca
Sehismatical. See HereticaL
Scholar, # . (disciple), Jl£ i,^^UUh^\
Ju^AJ to/mfs; (a learned man), »*
t..?««, ^ *-*!«, ^ ^-. :*
entrance-money of Bcholara,
Scholarship, Jx ^An, i^JjK? ia^iSm. Si
Learning, Education, Study.
Scholastic, soholaaiieal, ^■♦Att? if Jiri
Scholiast, $.j0MSU9nm/as»ir, ^|^ d^«*4
See Commentator. I
Scholium, «. (note), i^ W A«UAiy«^,^/
tharhfj^f^Jj taftlr. See CommeDtacy
j^
800
(949)
SCO
chool, $. L- "'■> •» mal^ (pi. l_»jIC«
maidtib). A public school, Lajiiut ma-
drtuat (pi. )m;1 iX* DMMlarM). SeeCollege.
ohool^r. jLc^tf/bM. Seelnstrac^Teaoh.
chool-boy, «. i,,^^ jjj i^tf&M? mMab.
See Scholar.
oboolfellow, «. jM»i; ro/tit.
shoolmaster, «. Ly>cC^ Jjt^ mM^aStm
siatioa (hip-goot), Um:^^ j^ ^iri «iifi»d.
fat. See Xnowledge. — ^Practical and
epecalatiye sciencei iJ/^j lJ-^^ A^
^ilm ^mah wa nmari. Sdenees, ^^
^tJflifi, uJ;U^ ma^drif, ^^^ fimttn.
The abatraot sciences, JL^O^I (*^^
ientifioi soieDtifical, ^^^I^ ^t7mf .
ientifically, ^Jmll Jx|yl u^-c^^ ^La
^oilei' Milftil lawa^ al ^ihn,
imitary •. uJ^ ioyf. See Swotd.
intillate, ir. ^ Wtfifc. See ^park,
Sparkle.
intillation, j^ itfri^. See Spark.
[on, $. f/Z^f ^ Twig.
LBSOrS, ^/oLt OTOJbM.
>ff, V. Ac jif**^ tamaslhar ^M,
jy^>^\ t9taku^. See Eidioole, Deride,
iibe.
>£E^ «. JI^J toAoUiisH Ijf^f iitikLd.
\ee Gibe, Taunt, Irony, Bidioole.
!i2AtiX^, ^^jf"***-^ mmUha. [Scoffer.
iffing, fori. 4^^JfUyMt mtit^ta. See
(ffingly, ]jfu«*lj if ii^ttel.
Jl0 t^^ t^'^ ^^l:x Ji^bC ^amioA
itab- See Beproaob, Beyile.
Scolding, <. c^JcLs ^<M3. Scolding letter,
Soolopendra (a kind of serpent), ^Jif^,J^ A
Sconce, «. (pensile candlestick), ^ JjiaJ^
Mham^ad&n. See Head, Mulct, Fort.
Sconce, v. See Mulct, Une.
Scoop, «. ^jfL^ maghrafat.
Scoop, V. (lade oat), <— i^ gharesf; (to
cnt hollow), uJ^>- jawwaf.
Scope (aim, intention, drift), ^ nlya^,
»ud, ^jo^ gharad; (the thing aimed
at), ^;ImJ nwAdfi. See Mark, Butt. —
(freedom from restraint), j\p^\ ikhti'
ydr. See Liberty, License, Boom, Space.
Scorch, 9. ^1^ harak, l^^LSi thakoat.
Scorched, t^Lbu^ ifUM^o^a^.- To be
scorched, t^LuJ tasMwat.
Score, #. (line drawn), Lfi>- l^i^, Ja^a
iotr ; (on account), wjLa»- hUdh ; (a
d®^0> u;£<^ <{!tiy»; (reason, motiye),
t^.^*-* sabah, f^^r^y m^fib, Js^\ afL
To score (mark by a line),^L«i iattar.
Scorn, 9.Ja^\ ihiaiar, ^Ut ahUn. See
Despise, Sooffl
Scorn, ij\jb\ ikdnai, ij\A^ Kakdrat^jJ^
iMar, j\h»^\ Mtkdr. See Contempt,
Scoff.
Scorned, ^lf« muhdn, jSs>^!^ muktahar,
Scomer, 9. ^^j^;^ muklniys.s^ mtMMr.
SeeSooffisr.
Scomfrilly,^Ui:»-t Jij htol ihUkdr.
Scorpion, s. fmjfji^ ^•irvb (pi. S-^Uc
^aidrib)f fern, ^^aa uiira&f^ (fem. pi.
kZj\9ji£> ^akrdbdi). The oonstellatioa
Scorpio, L^jA/i] .^ji bmy al ^dkrdb.
Scorpion grass, CJ»;UffIl uJ^ iaf ol
^akdrib.
8CB
(950)
BCB
Sooundrel, i. (J J iml^ fjJ^ fiivk^ j^ji^
iharir. See Yillain, KnaTe.
Soour, V. {rub, in order to clean), Ji^
mtkal, tf**^ matah. See Scmb, Polish,
Rnb, Clean, Bleach.
Sooarer, $, Jil^ $dkii, JU^ $(Mdl.
See Polisher; oho Purge; Scamperer.
Scoured, iXst* mufalk^, -^■■■■■♦^ mantiilh.
Scourge, «. i^jJL* makra^h, )ffy» sawt
(pL ^\^\ oiwdt). See Lash, Whip. —
(an oppressor, tyrant), JU0 sdJtm;
(punishment), l^^Jat to^sfo, ^^A£
Scourge, v. t>lfif- /n&ii. See Lash.
Scout, ». {juyJ^jdiHi, See Spy.
Scout,!;. ^yMi^MO^^VMta<,^^«»Mii istaihhar.
See Spy, Explore.
Scowl, V. See Frown, Pout.
Scrap, 8, ijJ^ haar^, 2iSJ^ ihuk/at, XtJiai
kit^L See Fragment, Crumb, Particle.
Scrape, «. (perplexity), ijt»- hlrai,
JiLu4^ nuuhkal.
Scraped, {li^^ mahkai. See Erased.
Scratch, 0. tlJi^ hah, — And when she sat
down witb her mistreflSy #ke scntohed her head,
and said, 0 m^ mistresB, wilt thon search into my
hair P for it is a loog time sinoe I hare entered
the bath, i^J Ju^ Joa cu^mJlj*- Uli
Scratch, «. O^ Aai(, u^j^SosT to^ib.
Screen, «. ^^l^ A^Vl^. A screen, or
riddle to sift gravel, etc., J U^ ghirh&l.
Screw, «. _i^ ^ir^Af, l--Jj1 lawlah.
Scribe, «. w^l^ iWiS (pi. c-^is^ ib«^^3.
Scrip, 8. ^jjuu^ jti«. See Bag, Purse, — (a
small writing), ituj ruk^at. — ^I entered
it, empty ef waUela, ^parent of porstr ai
destitation, with no means of mskeoaaoe asf
poiwcwion, and not a monthlnl ia ny a:^
Scripture, h^ kii&bat. See WntzB§.-
The Holy Scripture, ^) |Ji) ia^^
aOah, ^j.mJ\ i^\s^\ ahiUhdw
kaddoi, ar^^yJt al tawrdh; (the 5ii
Testament), i^yS^\ J-a^J' ^^'^
athihartf, J^^xJ^ Jk^<*/^«WW^
Scrofula,^jliJ^ ^y^maradtihkMKSB
^)j^ MrSjah, See King's evil
Scrofulous, jdj^^ v/ir* ^ ^ ■•*
al ihandzir.
Scroll, «.^J daftar, LuM idjfmd.
Scrotum, $. ;<^' {y^ **« •^ *^
Scrub, «. ui^ Aoi^. To scrub wsC
Cjis^ tahakiak. See Bxth, ^
Clean. [A«^
Scrub, <. (mean Mlow), ijj iM>»j«'^
Scrubbed, scrubby. See Mean, Tiki
(rubbed, scoured), C/^(v^ mMi j
Scruple, f . uX& iAoi, a>^ wahm^ ^»y
tooiwdi, (^\^j\ irttfdh. Seem
Irresolution. — Without a scruple J
5_L^^-* ji^ min ffhayr iatkdibi, |
scruple in weight (twenty grsins), J)
i^rai.
Scruple, «. j^tby iawakhmm, ^y^f H
t9M, uX& #Aa£. SeeBoubtyHeall
Scrupler, «. J^Ijt^ msMJisUti, ^^
mutawatwii, .)L« (jmU iidi sMJoi
Scrupulous, ^^^^-y won^djf, ^}^^
See Cautious. — (nice, exact), J
mudakkik, J^«3J L,^.^ok^L9 «dU
Scrupulously (cautioudy), ^'^
c^UJ^I JL hikol irii^ah ; (e
SEA
(951)
SEA
bikol ifiihdd toa tadJdh.
crapalousness, ^ J^^S^ UMaI kottl.
cratable, fjas^\ JjU kdhil alfahi.
crutiny, scratation, ^^asr fahi, ^joi^
ta/ahhut, ci-o^ hahi. See Ezamina-
tion, Investigation,
cmtineer, scrutator, i. ^^a>^\i fdhii.
See Examiner, Inquirer, Searcher,
crutinise, v. j;JjJ JG^^^a^ faluu
hikol tadlAk. See Examine, Inquire,
Search. [amined.
crutinised, ^yssf^ mafk^. See Ex-
cratoire, (LiL^ makidbat. See Bureau,
call. See SknlL
calpture, ^Jitsu nakih, jS? fahr. To
sculpture, ^^ fahar. See Ganre, En-
graye.
»cam, i^j raghwat,
^currily (vilely), ^^i»A»-^6^ hi naw^in
hal^r. See Meanly, Basely, Coarsely.
Icurvy (vile), jJk»~ haHar, <J*^ ^^h
jjji\yJi^^ hahlralkadry ^j»^mM*< khatU,
See Mean, Contemptible, Worthless,
Sorry. — (disease), d^Si\ c\mi foidd aiU
dam, ]0^jyL»\ oik^huL
•cntcheon, t. {j^y tun. See Shield.
•cutiform (like a shield), ijt»^\ J^
mist aUuTB.
<:atile, f . (J^Jj Monbll. See Basket—
(a grate), ^joij kafoi. See Lattioe.
ea, *'^'^. hahr (pi. j^, ^tcAilr, jla^\
ahhafy jot^ abhur). The Indian or
Green Sea, ^r^^St^ hahr al akhdar,
j^\jar^ hahr al hind. The White or
Mediterranean Sea, ^ja^^\ja^ hahr al
ahyad, /^^J\ja^, hahr arrHm. The
Black or Enxine Sea, JjJiSjO^, hahr
al aiwad. The Persian or Blue Sea,
{ji»J^\^tr hahr al Jurt, j»a:>i\ja^,
hahr al akhdar. The Bed Sea,
i\ hahr al ahmar, >»pLiSt^^ hahr
al kuhum. The Caspian Sea, j^t^^o^
hahr al khaaar. The Sea of Mecca,
fjo^jsi\ja^ hahr al ^urUd. The Bead
Sea or Sea of Lot, ^^^jS^ hahr Int.
The two seas, ^^^^ ^ hahrin,
[These will apply to any two seas, as
the East Sea and the West, the Me-
diterranean and Enxine, etc.] Sea and
land, ji^js^ hahr tea harr. By sea
and land, \j)^ \jss:*^ hahran toa harran.
Belonging to the sea, 1^/3^ hahri.
On the sea-shore,^^£cJ^ J>-Lmj hitdhU
al hahr. The ebb and flow of the sea,
i|9-j X« madd toajaar. I took plea*
■ore in aea-TOjages ; and my town was on the
shore of an extensi? e sea, iaterspened with a
a great number of Urge and extensiye islands,
i^j
j'^\ lo-trfj ^J» And he proceeded
along the track for days and niffhts, until he
approached a roaring sea, agitatea with wares ;
and the footmarks reached to the shore of the
sea, and there ended, 4^ V^^ {}ji A^
Sea-breeze, 9>j^\ m^ tuuiim al hahr,
j^\ )yb hawA al hahr.
Sea-chart, m.j^\ ItjU^ kh&rtatalhahr.
Sea-ooast,^^l k:i $haU al hahr, J^U
^1 s&hU al hahr. See Coast.
Sea-compass, #• A^U iLLi kihlat ndmah,
ijii\ uu^ hayt al ihrat, ^y^^ hoiola.
Seafaring, ^jo^, hdhriyahm A seafaring
man.
hahtl.
SEA
(952)
SEA
Sea-fight» #. i^ja^, ^J^ ^^ hakrl.
Sea-fowl, «. t^jo^j^ iayr Uihfl,
Bea-girt,^b ]o\m^ muh&t hU hahr.
Sea-grees, i^jasrj^aS^\ ahhdar bahri.
Sea-hone, a^j^^ ^jMji /arat al hahr.
Sea-maid. Bee Sea*nyinph, KermaicL
Seaman, m, k^f^. hahrl. See Mariner.
Sea-mark or beacon, «. j^U ^U]U ^ala-
ffwt hil hahr, ij\i^ mandrai.
Sea-monster, #. i^jOf^ ^j^^t^ ka^wdn
hahri. [US t kjL^ hwt almd.
Sea-nymph, #• j^\ ij:^:j hint al hahr,
Sea-port, «. JLLCil askalai, iu^ mlnat
(pl' {js^ miyan).
Sea-riak,^!^^ khatar al hahr.
Sea-room« e^^^V* ^^^f^ ^Lu^ nuud/at
Sea-shell, 8.jsci\ i^j^ iodafalhahr.
Sea-shore, sea-eide. See Sea-ooast.
Sea-sickness, jgs^\^Jij^ ia$hwUh al
hahr,
Sea-eerpent, i»jsci\ £1^ hayyat alhahr.
Sea-service,^^^! ^ JlcL hhidmat al hahr.
Sea-surrounded,^^ ^j^ hawlaho hahr.
See Sea-girt. [water.
Sea-water,^^lUin^tf/5aAr. See Salt-
Seal, 8. Aifi^ khaim. A seal ring, Jflfl^
hh&Hm. See Eing. — A keeper of the
seals, j\^j^ muhrddr. The seal of
Solomon, ^UmLj dj\ai^ ihdtim $olay^
mdn. To break or open a seal, CS^
a1^! fakk aikhatm.
Seal, V. fP.s^-. khatam.
Sealed, /^f^s:^ fnakhtitm.
Sealer, i. ^^:Lsr^^JJf allaai yakhium.
Sealing-wax, ^^4i>>1 w«m& iham^ ahmar.
Seam, s. (sewing which joins the edges
of cloth), Jlaa) la/kat, ijjO darxat,
^U^ khiydtai. [khayyai.
Seam, v. jJi la/ak, jjj daraz,
Seamstrasi, $. 4LlL>. kkayf&U. [iA
Seamy, ial^ muikayyai, ^L^ ttyc-
Seamless, ^ua^^\^ ladkA Mtidyyti
Sear, v. J^^X^U i// kaw^ hQludiL Sb
Bum, Cauterize.
Sear, m. See Dry.
Sear-doth. See Plaster.
Scarce, f . Jar nakhal. See Sift
Scarce, «. Ji^Ut munkhul (pL J>-^
mofidMiT).
Search, v. ^^f attach, jJ^\ M^'
v,i^ng7 ^Am. See Examine, Enqn
Probe. — And he has sent in eTery diitc&r
search for thy ton and the Qaeen J^ititia
we hope to get tidings from them in the sdc*!
time and the shortest while, Jui; -V;
Search, j^^ci:*' tafahhm, ^J^ ^!^
yuauSfT tafU98Ulf k1j\^\ t^
JLssiJ iiUkhhdr, ^^..oic ^ J
fahi. See Enquiry, Examiotti^
Quest, Pursuit.
Searoher, f . ^Jcju* nmfaUkh^ c>
UhU, ^ja:>^\l fahu. See Env*^
* i"
Searohed, ^;£ai<« mufatUulL
Season (of the year), J^oi >M »«^
matMom; (time), u:.*^^ <mI:^ ^"'
aowan. See Time.— The foar iei0
of the year, ijQj\ J^t ^y«^''
arha^at. At a proper season, in «i^
tmsHamdn a{ miMdw;6. SeeSeasotf^'
-^Ont of season, ^i«^^ M^
mahaUiki, See Unaeasonablj.
Season, e. (food), Jilij^4^/
BEG
(953)
SBC
^hdr. See Eelish. — To season (ao-
snstoin one to anything), iJ^ *^^
'^munoai ^la* ; (to become accustomed
to anything), ^ic jli^l %^4 ^«2a'.
asonable, As^ himahattihi, ij:^^\f
i^^.^\^\ hU waht al mundnb. Bee
Proper. — It is not seasonable, ^J^ 1 JJb
isj^^ L« hastd thay md ha waktoh,
asonablenessy ^J^\ \J^J3 ^^^^ ^^^
^a,aman a»UUy, ^\ cuJj i-U
nundtahat icaJU et$hihay. [mdhallahi.
asonably, ^d.^^^^ ^j J fl waktihi wa
asoned (as food), ^Jilj^^ ^^ i^^^j^
}\^^ WMrthiUh mUh wajidfd wa hahdr;
accustomed), ^Jlc ^^^ mutarahhl
.ala\ ^Jl£ j\iJL^ mu^d ^M.
at, #. (chair, etc), ^^ ImrH (pi.
^\^ kar&A).
at, V, a, (cause to at down), tM ia^^
Mdy ^jJ^jMoi. And I acquainted
hem not with my caw, nor returned any
inswen to their questions ; and they wept for
ne, and were yery sorrowful : and an old
roman entered my room ; and as soon as she
iBW me, diseoTered my state: therefore she
leated herself at my head, and addressing me
n a kind manner^ said ... jjI J Ulj
C^ Juui ^\>- \{»\ r _AfiL
iward,j^\^£CU Unahn al bahr,
yede, v. ^jLsJi ihhiala\ See With-
Iraw, Betire, Dissent. [senter.
»der, B, iJ^SLK^ mukJUati, See Dis-
seasion, J|j&fit i^uULl, it^ J^alwat,
^^'C^ U^annub. [Shut up, Exclude,
ilude, f^. ^^ fij^ haram wm* Bee
ond, vJU 9dnif or sjti idnd.
/-b
i^^UiMi
Second-hand (not original, not new),
^}ajOm*^ mutta^mal.
Second, a, (assistant), JlcL*.^ mwd^id,
^^U^ mu^win. See Friend.
Second^ v. JxL» sd^, ^\^ wdfak. See
Assist. — How many green and dry (trees) are
on the earth; but nooe is lapidated and stoned
save that which beareth fruit ! Thou thought-
est very highly of the days when they seconded
(faTOured) thy wish, and fearedst not the
OTil that fate and destiny were imparting,
u^3 ^^^ Lr'*^^ cr* u^J*' \J^ (^3
Secondarily, iJb adniyan.
Second-rate, #• Xs^^^J ^Jl? tdnl darafat,
Seoond-rate, adf. ^j*^tj\j^ »m tdnl
darajat. See Secondary.
Secrecy (privacy), ^s^\ ikhtUd, ^jLl
khalwat. See Solitude, Betirement.
—(taciturnity, fidelity to a secret),
ULf^ mtkaL See Silence.
Secret (private), ^^j^ «VrI, ^e*^ kka/i.
See Conoealed, Betired, Hidden.—
(faithful to a seoret, silent), ^..^^L^
j^ tdhib iirr. A secret i^Murtment,
i^j^ khahffot. Bee Privaoy.
Secret, «. ^ mht (pi. j\j>^\ oirdr), ij>j^
iofirat (pi. ^1^ MTdyir). One in the
seoret, jJl\ ^jut ma^ho asair. Sea
Confidant — But I charge thee, 0 my brother,
to conceal the secret from my sisten ; therefore
leTeal not thy state to any one of them, lest
my life and thine be lost, {^n.^^\ ^j
J!u ii 4\^\ ^jJ\ jJj ^\ u
z^y
Jl-J
ifJt>-V
^
•^j^ L<^^* None keepeth a
secret but a faithful person ; with the best of
mankind it remaineta concealed. A secret is
with me as in a house with a lock, whose
key is lost, and whose door is sealed,
BEC
(954)
SED
^^i ^x^jJ\ * (•ya^ jjimUI jL^
4^Ut^ iL^U« (j:^U jii ^ (j:^
(^f>^ • Guard thy secret from another ;
entnut it not : for he who entnuteth • Mcret
hath lost it, A£ jy )j C^d^^jJiS ^
Secretary, «. c^\^ ibd^A, j];Jlf ^K
kdtim ail iurdr.
Secrete, v. y«J\^ hatim aair^ See
Conceal, Hide. — ^To secrete oneself,
^Jc^\ ikhiafa\ [Hid.
Secreted, Jf^mciibA/a'. See Concealed,
Secretly, \y^ $irran, La:^ hhafyatan.
- ^jLs^\i hOmukhfl. See Privately.—
Openly and secretly, Xjlcj \j^9irran
wa ^aldniyaian.
Secretness. See Secrecy.
Sect, «. £y firkat (pi. jy furak\ iLt
miUat, ^.Jbj^ ma%hab, i^\ ummat,
isu}^ tdyifai. Sects of heretics, sec-
taries, 4»'j^^ khawdrif.
Sectary, «. i*^!^ rdfidl, ^^^jU- ^Afi-
r»;t. See Follower, Heretic.
Section, «. ^J^ful. See Cut. — The sec-
tion of ahook, f^^faslyjs^jw. Through
every section (totally, entirely), ^J^ ^
Secular, j<4<Ils ^d^mf, i^Uj J dunyduH,
See Temporal, Worldly. — (centesimal),
iL^ Ju U 4^^ kol m&yai tanat. To secu-
larize, ^<^^ ^^-^^^ ^malaho ^laml,
S^cundine (memhrane which envelopes
the child in the womb), «j^ljf ^milr,
^UmmJI al hiuhlmah. See Membrane.
Secure (free from danger or fear ; safe),
]0^ksr^ tnahfUK, JLj s<m; (careless,
without caution or vigilance), Jili
ghafil.
Secure, v. (make Bafe)^ ^«aa>> k^V
so^ mffi, JL iallam, ^>«»- Aim'
See Protect — (to secure in costodj
i;mm»- AoAm. See Imprison.
Secured (from oppreesioii, etc), •1'
mutaOam. See Exempted, Proteetei-
(made certain), ^jji^s^ MttAoUsL »
Established (taken into GOab
(jm;^«s:^ nuMiis. See Imprisosei
Securely (safely, without danger), .*
^^U|^ iulLi Hito/ saldmat im «m
^^ntman; (carelessly), ijmoilifi^
hoilrat, }i\^\ L &iZ5 inttbalL
Security (safety), ^SLs m22sw^, <^
amaniyat, ^Ju9\ amAn^ ^\ noL >^
Protection.— (carelessneas), i^ ^
^adam boHrat, JUjb\ iftind/. Oser
is security or bail for a debt, tU^ ^^^
iafU, JK:^ muiakajfiL Secorb'
bail, XiU^ £«/a&i^. See Suietr.--:
become security, iJ^^Ji^ j\^ 9^^
JIC teibi^. See To give bsi
Sedate, ^JLa tdkin, lz..^ taiU. ^
tnuldym. See Calm, Quiet, SeKSf
Of a sedate temper, ^JaSl «^j'a>
Sedately, ij\dJb J^ hiM hmi&wd.
Sedateness, i^Sib hadawat. Seeijv?
ness. Calmness, Tranquillity, Seze^
Sedentary, ^jU ^ift, oJu ia&oi
Sedentariness, J^ Jbc^fli^.
Sedition, X:iii ^im/, ^y favau^ ';-
^Mdioa^. See Bebellion, MntiaT. .
mult. — ^To excite sedition, i:^,*
^amalJUtuU, See Mutiny.
Seditious, ^^\c- ^5*1, jjW"^ \f^
See EebelUouB, Mutinous. — ^A «^*
man, JuiJ k^^^^Up BdhibJUasL
SEE
{9S5)
8EI
tiii Jij hiMJUnat.
— 3, i:^ JUnat. See Sedition.
See Misguide.
SfC^ munghawl,
Bedacement, \y] ighwd,
-khadl^at.
^ledalonsness, JjLI shaghl, _juj
.te, Diligence, Labour, Industry.
mujidd, |«^1j^ mtM^trim. See
L, Industrious. [tc^ayaAJ.
- ^y> *^^J .2^ lK? hikoljaddin
ia3 nasor, uJLl <A4/, 4^1^ nMi*,
eZ&M, JUbLi tildAoil. See Observe,
I'eroeiTe, Descry, PiicoTer, Find, Dis-
*<eiiiArk, Inspect. — Know then what I
>e, and keep it im thy memory, and sit in
* ) that shall he near nnto them, so that
lalt see them, and they shall not see thee,
Jai:^l^ Ji3 ll^\ ^jJl c-i/:U
laJ^tmsur, uJ^«Aa/l See Behold.
jjj Mbt, ftjj war^. Seed when
a, fjj %ar^ One seed, Ju^ JbS-
Goriander-seed, \dyJi\ L>^ habhat
swdd; (semen genitale), iiioj natfai,
^« «umi. See Progeny, Offspring,
ce, Oeneration; Original, Principle,
>ot . — To sow seed, c ^J %ara^. See Sow.
1-time, 9ip^ ^;^; stfffuSit onor^.
ng^ (Tision), jio) hasar, Joj ntuar,
Htft.) j^\i hd9irfj0\j iMSstir, JJbLu*^
ushdhid. Seeing, seeing that, ^
\ 4-* .***■»> min haysa an. See Since. —
And he is excusable, seeing that he is a stranger
and alone, and we left him solitary without
any one to cheer him hy society, or any one to
oomfort bis heart, ^^j^ ^S j^ Jjt^ybj
ir^ix ^^ *Ad^^ i\:^y ^^ ,y^^^^
Seek, r. (j«ci fatiash, wJJ? ^oltid. See
Search, Inquire, Ask, Solicit, Bequest.
Seeker, 8, (j£aL« mufattish, ^.^Ik ^/fi5.
See Inquirer, Searcher, Petitioner.
Seem, v.j^ %ahar, ^^b bdn. See Appear,
Besemble. — It seems, ^Ualt aatdhir.
Seeming (appearance, semblance), j^
suAAr; (apparent), JbU? sdAtir.
Seemingly, ty^U^ tdhiran, ^jy^ tHraUmf
jJb^ ^^ hi waflUn wdhir.
Seemingness. Bee Plausibility.
Seemliness, ^^m*^ Aima, JU>- Jamdl,
ii\Ji0 %ardfai. See Beauty, Decency,
Grace.
Seemly (decent, becoming^ ^^^V*^ mu"
ndM. See Fit, Proper. — (decently,
becomingly), c^jl ^jiJ hikol adah.
Seen, part. of9ee,j^au^ nuifisitr, ^l^c^
mu^dffan. To be seen, j^;i^j\^ $dr
nMftsfir. [Spectator, Prophet.
Seer, t.^U ndstr, JJbluL^ muihdhid. See
Segment, «. Anlai kat^at, iiAJ^ ikuk/at.
Seine, «. SLj^$habakai. See Fishing-net.
Seize, v. CJim^ meaeh.
Seized, ^l^yuA^ manuiLh, To be seized,
vliCii4>l titmMoA. — And when he heard
that the king Essemendel had been seized, he
turned his hack in flight, fearing for himself,
and' said in his heart. Verily this disturbance
originated on my account,* and none is the
object of search but myself ! mw Uli
^^ ^uic ^jLi J>x;4.Jl (IXUJI ^
<ii ^ JlSj *^ ^ uJUj U'^U
SEM
(856)
SEN
Seiznrey (— V m« ^ moih.
Seldom, jOUli htl nddir, \jj\j
Select, 9. iw^ti^t mtaihab,j\sS^\ tkhtdr.
See Ghooee.
Select, selected, k_^.Jcu« ffitm^oiAod.
Selection, c^li^ \ mtikhah. See Choice.
Selector, «. ^.^^a^u^ mtm^oMt^.
Self, ^jjo nafi, iZj\3 %dt. Myself, ^^jiJu
nafiL Thyself, CCi; naftak (fern.
UiCufl> fui^i%i). Himseli^ herself, iUii
fM/«aAo(fem.lfiMA3iM|fMAd). Oorselyes,
liMuij na/nmd, Yoorselyes, jLiJu mf'
mkum. Themselves, ^f^ij nafiuhun.
The thing itself ^Sl ^^Ju imfialamr.
See Himself, Hersel£
Selfish, iJi\j i^^^^^^jB^ muhib x&iako.
Selfishly, Jf J (....c^ it hibhin %dtl.
Selfishness, LZj\ii\ Ls^ muhabbat auat
Self-murder, du^AJ JJlS ild^t? tutfiako.
Selfsame, iUi:j M fM/«ail See Self.
Sell, V, cli bd^. — We had passed by
iBlaad after isUnd, and from eea to sea, and
firom land to land ; and in every place by which
we pasted we sold and bonght and exchanged
merchandise, M>* 4>aj iji^fl ^Jj^ ^3
J^ 4?^ J'^ cr*^>*^ J' >=< erv
Seller, «. ^IL layya^, ^\i hdyi^ See
Merchant, Trader. — Selling (the act of),
^%^. Baying and selling, J^^j-jj
hay^ wa thiru. See Buying. — And the city
became repeopled, and the shopkeepers and
sellers resnmed their business of selling and
buying, and every one returned to his occupa-
tion, and the iflands became as they were at
the first, ^^\^\^ S^U hji^ clJjUj
Semblance l^\JL^ mu$hdbihat. See Be-
semblance, Likeness, Similitude.
Semi (in oomposition), ujs^ nmf.
Semicircle, «. f^t>>Hc-s.g> nmftiiifi.
Seminal, ^V^J sat^T.
Seminary, «. (ground where snyffaiB
planted), ^jj mtI ^«^ ; (t pki
education), A^s^ mairmmt. SeeCt
lege, School.
Semination, c jpj sw^ See SoviBf
Semitone, s. ^j^li^J^ Mu/dhi
i»lA4H i^itoj naefal makam.
Sempiternal, 4/0^^ abadi, ^}j\ m^h^^
ddffim, fc/«>^/^ sarmadL See Eteni
Sempitemify,L JJ \ aimd^Mi. See£t£iri
Sempstress, s. 4!l9U£L khofpaUL
Senary (oonsisting of six), ^^^^ "^'
Senate, «. ^ju!Ls^ fnajlu^ ^U ^^jj J itt^
^dm. See CounciL — A senate boa
f^^^O ilwdn.
Send, 1;. J^j\ mrtal. To send ts c
another, \^^Ji Uirdtai^ AndWi
formed him that he had two dangbtmc
son; and the King sent for them, aai&-
tfaem to oome ; he mazxied one of ibA-
the other he gave to the Tinr, ij^^\
Sender, «. (J-^ye mmniL
QeoiOT, $. :^ ihayih (pi. ^^ lAs;^
Senior,^ ia^. See Elder, (ttL
Soiiority, is^^k^J^ $U^ikQtktL
Senna (drug), U-i Mmd. Meees »f>
Se'nni^t, AiMi>>/iim^, c ^«idif mH-J'
Sense, sensation, ^^/«»>- A««t (pi ij^f
hawdi). Internal sense #r seoii^
^\i ^ju>- ka$ baH$^ Bxtvoil^
or sensatioDy^Uff ^^m^- Jbi sdir. ^
SEN
(967)
SEN
■'eellng.— External and internal aenaa-
Lflfn, ^^Ul^y»yi|^;**^l aihaBttaahir
70/ hatin. The five aenses, (jm|^1
»*A>^\alhau)&sdlhhariMiU. Sense (in-
sllect), ^/oAtii, Jif ^a^. See Mind,
Fnderstanding. — (meaning),
w^fki' (pi. ^^** aw^flwl), ^
ladmUH. See Signification, Explana-
ion, Heason. — The senae of a ^eech or
assage, ^iC] iif^ natljat al luUdm.
he literal senae, ^^ylS ^^5^"^^ ma^na'
\ghatoh The idiomatical sense,
f^^**"*^ ma^* muitMh. To e-^
le sense, -.^ cAaroA. See Explain. —
ense or sensual appetite, i^fi* $hahumi,
}\jmij\yibhatDdnafsdnl. SeeSensuality.
seless (wanting life or perception), h
um£^ bild Km. See Lifeless. — (without
ideratanding), Jic h hid ^akl^ h
J\jj\ bUdidrdk; (without meaning),
:,jU9ij hUd ma^na\ SeeFooliah,Stupid.
Then the wolf mTO the fox such a hlow that
fell down semuess ; and when he reoovered,
laughed in the wolfs face, apologiaing for
8 shameful words, JdS c^JJt ^1 ^
SV
JjJ\
• . A
^leasly (foolishly), Ji£^ ^tTd ^.
e Stupidly.
teleasness, Ji«S^ 1% J^ t!*^^ ^^ &^^'
e Folly, Stupidity.
ibility, ^^ hdBtiyat.
ible (having the power of pereeiring
the senses), is^^^ ^ laho h&99%ytd ;
jrceptible by the senses), (j«#^*m^^
J^gHB ; ^^m^m>.4n< masm^ ; (wise, ju-
ioufl), JiVc ^(2*17, (i-^/a^i». See
asonable. — (convinced, persnaded),
c ^xL« mainfi^ ; (aware), ^If ^Lk«
muttati^^cM ] (visible), ^Ib t&hir.
Sensibleness. See Sense, Sensibility.
Sensibly (perceptible to the senses), ^y
^juyt^JB^ hiwajhin mahrtts ; (j udiciously )
ii^\^^^i}AM>hi^aiU9^waha$atyai. See
Seasonable. [Sensible.
Sensitive, (jm\^ <d Jako kawda* See
Sensitively, JL^W\ ^ ^ mm nmo^ al
hdas^at*
Sensual, iJ\mJu nafBdnH, vj^j^ haywdnl,
nfir*- ibiti. SeeLuzuriott8,Lascivioiis.
Sensualist, 5^jJ sft $hahwatf u-'^>-U
(JLyij ^^^ fSAf^ ^M'tf* nafidnU
Sensuality, S^fS* thahwiU, (JLma) 4^^
Sensually, iy^ J^ ^lii^ ahahwiU. See
Lasciviously, Luxuriously. [Send.
Sent, J.Mi^ i»tfr«a^, CL'^iw* fffffft^il^ See
Sentence, «. (of a judge), Jj>^ hukm (pi.
aI^ \ Mcdm), ^j^ f^ Am^ ahar^.
See Beciuon. — (a saying or maxim),
Jy ibW (pi. Ji^' aiwdl), Ji^ »»««/»/.
See Proverb. — (a paragraph or period),
iiL*^ jundai. The end of a sentence
or period, ks*^ muhat. To pronounce
sentence of death, J:i!b |»C». hakatn hi
ibi</.— Thereupon I pressed gradaallr to lum
to profit from his precious words, ana to pick
up some of his incomparable sentences and
phrases, * jily ^j^ e/-r=^i ^^ d-^^
Sentence, v. S^- hakam, cJ^ shara^. See
Condemn, Decide*
Sententious, ^y*^ hukmim
Sentiment (thought),^ Jttr, ^ nam,
^\j rdy,j^^Jj tadblr. See Opinion,
Sense.
Sentinel,sentry,a.^jytfjU-^flr«(pl.^^\^
Jiurrd»)f kiU:^ tnuhdJUf ]ai\^ hdfia.
SEP
(958)
SEQ
Separable, j|/i)^ ^J^j^ mtimJbii d ifii-
riik. Separableneas, separability, ^UL«\
fj\jii!i\ imk&n al ifiirah.
Separate, r. j^i fwrak^ J-oi fowl. See
Fart, To divide. Break. — ^To separate or
be separated, J«di}\ infual, y^J^j^
tdr mafirUk, ^jij tafarrdk.
Separate, separated, J^^ if^/Hli, J/s^
m/islafarrah^ J^ak^ munfiMt 9j^oL9
inakt€L^, Jjix^tnunfartk. Hear, 0 Sang
of the Age, and know that I am a poor penon,
a stranger, hroken-hearted. I have hecome
■eparated from my mother and my fiunily and
my brother ! ^t«jlf iLS^\i ^4m»\
Separately, J/^V **^ mufarrak, \s^\^
\s>'\^ wdhidan vfdhidan, Ij^ \jji
fardan fardan.
Separation, iSjU^ mufdrahat, (J^jijirdk,
ijji/urkatf j|/i^ ifiirdk, JLasu\ in-
JUal. On the day of separation your remoTal
made me weep, lamenting on account of your
ahsenoe from home. I cried out in anguish
from the pain of parting, and tears had made
my eyelids sore. This is separation I Shall we
enjoy your return P For your departure has
deprived me of the power of concealment.
"Would they had returned and ohserred ^ood
faith ! If they do so, perhaps my former times
may return, * ij\L)\ JS[ju Jf^l ^^
jili * jjys ^^ XS Jfi j\r^^ ^^
The whole plnin has hecome contracted in my
eye, and my heart altogether is triinbled hy
we yiew and sight of it. Since the objects of
my love depart^, my joy has been disturbed,
and the tears hMve overflowed from my eves,
and sleep has left my eyes on account of their
separation, Mnd my whole mind has been per>
turbed. Will (fortune) time re- unite us, and
shall I again enjoy intimacy with them and
night conversation? <U«4b>> Loill jL^
4^^.A^ C^L»-S\ CTJ^Li Jy« * i^^^«>
^
Separating, j^or^. J^^UySu^.
Separator, «. ^/^ mufarrik,
September, J^f ^/o/.
Septenary, ^U*^ whd^.
Septennial, ^j^^ ^^v^ «J^ lc6tuil>^§i v^
Septentrional, ^\ a t% Mmdh, ^
Northern.
Septaagesimal, septaagenary, ^j.*-
ianai.
Septuple, (^Wl ijuyj BoB^at ai-Jf.
Sepulchral, ji^aaU L^y^ii^ numiUhSa
hilr, A sepulchral monument^ x*-'
marhad. See Monument.
Sepulchre, i»j^ hahr. See Tomb.— Tj
sepulchre of Jesus Christ, ^^J
wwJ \ kdbr yoiik^ al mtUih, Upd'^j
table have eaten a thousand one-evfd Vx
and a thousand kings each aonnd ia'botl'i
All of them have quitted the world, ai J^\
up their abode in the sepulchres and thf n*'
Sepulchre, v,j^ Jtahar, See Eoir.
Sepulture. See Burial, Intermest
Sequel (end),yCwT dhhir ; (contimuti''
d^^^lj^ muddwamatf aI^j ^^
j\jj%s>^\ istimrar, Lie^y mvifa:^
(conclusion), Iss^ naiijai. S&*'*\
sequence.
SSB
(959)
SEB
^aester, seqaestrate, v. (to separate from
others for the sake of privacy), ^}s>s>^\
ikhtala' ; (to place in the hands of trns-
iees), i}L«l cJ^ wada^ amdnat, cJj
tpoda^; (to confiscate), IxA? tahat,
^qaestrable (capable of being confis-
cated), kAivj yumahit, Ixm^ ytmddbit.
qaestrated (separated from others),
^^Ul^ ^ t>,,^;?ci^ muk^annib ^n an-
nds ; (confiscated), i^jt^ ^}t^ ^'^^'^
hat Itl miri ; (placed in the hands of
trustees), £ U 1 i^3^y^ mawda^ amdnat,
qaestration (retirement), ^ c^l:a>-l
^^^Ull ^tinah ^nannde; (confiscation),
b.«J iaht. [rautm.
questrator, t. lajli ddhtt, Jt»^ mu-
rag^lio, «. t^)^ tardy.
raph, seraphim, ^^j<-^ terdflm. See
^ngel« — Seraphic. See Angelic.
rene (clear, bright, cloudless), vil>0«4/^»
^^i-ltf 9dhl. A serene sky, ,<^l^ ty^
iuiM^d «dAl. Serene (calm, placid), ^^j
renely (calmly), IsS*}^ (Jij likol tra-
^^t\ (without clouds, clearly), J^
'•Vf^ hikol sahdwaL
-eneness, serenity (calmness, placid-
leas), ij\iMb haddwat, i^\j^ wadd^at,
•jeant, a. (military), ^^\:>^ ehdumsk;
officer attending on judges, etc.),
2»^l>- chdwtuh. See Beadle, Officer.
•lesy (»^ 8af,Jb^ sair. See Order;
kixooession.
•ions (important, not trifling), *f«
ttdhimm; (grave, not light of beha-
ioor), L^.'v^ m«Af3, jl5j l.;.^:>-U
i A»^ icakar. There never proceedfl from them
3 ^ eTil expreasion, nor any harshness or re-
tmlsiTenesa of manner ; and I nerer witness
I. them anything bat fidelitv and sincerity of
.-^e, exempt irom envy ana jealousy : wnile
one improvises in admirable poetry, with
beauty of enunciation, and without any hesi-
tation ; another relates anecdotes of every
sort, with a pleasing interchange of the jocose
and the serious, ^ Jy «^l^ j^^ Juj J
*«\i^ i^y^ JJbUil J^ * Juu )^ uJlasrXj
cT^^ Jj* c^ ^ ♦ i^ J^ cT* \J^
Seriously (gravely), Cy'^jf^ j^y ^^
wdipi^in muh\b\ (in earnest), tXapT* M-
* •
jaddin, SjLa;^ hahkatan, ^am}\ ^
fil hakikat, jJ\j JG bikol tdkid.
Seriousness (gravity), d^ hayhat, j\jj
tpakdr; (earnestness, attention), A>-
*y^jjad wajahd, ^UrUbl ihtimdm.
Sermon, «• lacj ira^s, ^dac^ maw^Mat,
ij^ kartat. Who was closing cadences
with gorgeous phrases, and striking all ears
with the warnings and rebuking of his sermon.
Sermon, v. ]ac^ Moa^ai^ j^ karat. See
Preach.
Serpent, t, iU>- hayyat (pi. c:-^L>- hay-
ydtl ^\ i/t«' (pi. ^Ul a/aj.1).
Then it took something from *the face of the
earth in its talons, and soared to the upper
region of the sky ; and I locked sttontively
at that thing, ana lo, it was a serpent of enor-
mous size and of great body, which it had
taken and carried off to the sky towards the
Serrate, serrated (jagged like a saw),
jIm*:^! Jl^ ^1:m«}\ ^ laho atndn miil
al minshdr*
Servant, t. ^jU- khddm, a^\jS^ khad-
SEB
( 960 )
SET
ddnu The seryant of God (a proper
name), ^\ Juc ^M aUahn
Serve, v, (attend as a serrant), d^S:>^
khadam; (to stand instead of any thing),
^^^ j\^ idr ^awad, Jj^j^ 9dr
hadal; (to be sniBcient), ^J^ kaf»\
See Suffice.— (to confer a ftirour or
benefit), ^\ ^^am»-1 ahmn ila\ J.^i£
j0^ ^amal khayr* See Benefit. -^To
serve Gt)d, i^\ Ju£ ^ebed aUah^
Served (attended upon), f^^^^s^ tnakh-
dam ; (worshipped), J^^ji^ maJfUd,
Service (menial service), ^J^ khidmat;
(a course or order of dishes on a table),
ifJuJ\ ^U? tdkim assafrah; (religious
worship), if jLc ^ddat ; (actual dutj,
place), d^J^ khudmat, c, ^»n;>< man-
«a$. See Office. — (business), J-^a
^mal, j^\ amr ; (advantage), i! JjU
cU:J1 iWi/<3^. See Attendance, Obe-
dience, Employment, Purpose, Use,
Favour, Benefit
Serviceable (useful), Jui^ mufld, ^U
nd^^ ; (diligent, industrious), JuA^
mukaf/yad,
Serviceableness (usefulness), i*^\i fdfi-
dat; (diligence, industry), J^^^Ji>-
jadd wajahd.
Servile, ^^^^^ mutl^; (mean, abject),
jiJL>^ hakiTw See Slavish, Dependent,
Obsequious.
Servilely, -»A>.^ 6^ hinaw^hdklr.
Servileness, servility, ^.xU?! itd^at ;
(meanness), ir^U»> hakdraL See Sla-
very, Servitude, Dependence.
Serving -man, servitor, if. f^J^ khddim.
See Servant. [very. Servility,
P^^mtude, i Jj^ ^udiyaU See Sla- I
SessioiL (atting)^ (^^^J^^l (^"^
aembly of mtt^itmtes, etc.), ^^J^
Set, r« (to put, plaee), ^^^ ited^^; :
plant), ^jMj£. (fhams; (to regi^'
To set about (apply to, make i se-
ginning), c^^ aAortf^. To s^ isii
(reject), Sj nM, ^^ naf^; (tei^
rogate), ^c*^ maha\ 800 BepeiL-
To set by (regard, esteem), j«:x^ 1^
bar. To set fbrth (make appeir), f
mikar* See Publish, Promulgilt-
(to arrange), Ja3 iMMiiiy cinfag <?-
saf. To set in, \jcj^ i&^MteK. Texi
off (embellish), ^^;««*9* hats&i.
Decorate, Adorn ; (to attack), ^JLs
Aajam ^ala\ See Assault. — To u^ c
(allot, divide), *mJ ibuMM; (tope
lish), cLlI M^^; (to show, di^Cij
^^1 0s^r. To set to (apply 009-
to anything), ^^utta^c^* See£a^''
every endeavour. — To set up (e^'
i..^«a3 nas(^. See Build, EstablisL-
To set out on a joumeyy^LJI ^U «•
^asuim ^la^ aisa/ar. . To set up a ck:
^Jj\ %nda^\ To set at nogfi:
ij\A^ J^«mC ^mmal kakaraiy ^Ut ^^
^mtd ihdnaL See Despiac^Te -
bounds to, ti^^\ t^S:^ hadiai d «
dud. To set (as the sua), i^^'/
Set (put, placed), & ^^ ffunrtffi^; (^T-
lar, formal), ^y^' u-^*«**fl< *****'
i^cfVfaA; (appointed, fixed), ^^j^ ^
fjiyyan. Then he drew nmr to thf 4*
crowned chamber, aad lo^ it had eigii ^
8EV
(961)
SEX
of sandal-woodf with nailB of ^Id, orna-
mented with Btan of silyer set with Tarions
jewels, Lj\aj 1^1 jIj iLllI ^^ ^ J J
)t, «. (complete suit of aoything), Jilt
tdkim. See Suit, Kind, Species.
)tter, «. (placer), ^^^^^ wddi^
itting, wJ^ tffoJ^. See Placing. — The
Betting of the son, ^^m^muJI s-^i^ ^Am-
rud ashahatns*
ttle, «. (determine, fix), c-^^ ratiab,
la^*^^\ ^^ai hM al maslahat. See
Establish. — (to fix residence in any
)lace), ^Ji0y tatcattan. See Beside. —
to subside, as the dregs of liquor),
Jl^ 9affa\ To settle one's afiairs,
Ls^La^ S-^ ro^^ nuudlihoAo, J^
J\jL2)1 nauam Mhgh&laho, To settle
ecoants, c-^L*^) ,^as- ^nudalhiidb.
tied (confirmed, establbhed, agreed
:pon), jJLt mukarrar, Jp^ mUaikad;
as the sediments of liqaor), ^i-^^
lusaffa', ^<rflj rdsU [^^^ makdn,
tlement (residence), >*LL/* tnakdm,
en, ^^ M&^, ^U(^ «0^^aA.
enfold, uJUjt ^Ju^ iob^t ad^df,
en hundred, ^L« ^^ «a&&a mdyat»
enteen,yuLe 4jum9 iob^t ^aahar.
enteenth, JLx t^^ <S&i^ ^m^ot.
entb, ^Lf «d&f^(fem. iJuL* «d3i^a^).
seventh part.
8ubt
3nty, ^y»f^ tab^Hn, ^j^m^ ioh^in.
[-lived at seventy years of age, jUo
,^ ^i;t>.ji »y.4^ $dr ^mroh sab^n
nah»
Sever, v. J/ /orai, jyl tf/r«, t^
jb^^. See Separate, Part, Divide, Cut
Several, ,^;fl« haJL; (many),^-!^ A«rtr.
See Hany.^(di£ferent, distinct),j\:^««^
mumid%.
Severally (distmctly), J^i-Jl^ W mu-
farraht \j^ \ii^ fardan fardan^ JLii^
mti/2M«a^. See Separately.
Severance, ^iaS kat^, j]/^^ (^»rfl^.
See Separation, Partition.
Severe, t»QjVr. ^a»l/, ^U idrt. See
Eigid, Austere, Morose, Harsh, Cruel;
Strict, Concise. — (grave, awful),
iLjb L,.^.'v>lig «dA«} hayhai. See Sober,
Sedate. — (painful, afflictive), ^ry
muufajl;\. Ijjj^ mafriit.
Severed, fjlaL* maktu^, O^/^ fnafr^k,
Severely (harshly), Lt\j^ jLi hikol to-
rdmat. See Eigidly. — (painfully),
w»-j Jij hikol wqfa^.
Severity, X«1^ tardnuii, XaLI d^,x& ^a-
dam thafakat. See Bigour, Cruelty,
Harshness. — (gravity, awfulness), d^
hayhat. And to relate to him what he had
experienced; and the other wondered at the
BOTerity of his sufferings, and congratulated
him on his safety, U^ i\ii U ^ yJ^^^
Sew, V. k^ khayyat. To sew together,
j;il ^ib. To sew with wide stitches
(to baste), )aLi kaththaL
Sewed, )a*s:^ mukhayyat.
Sewer, #• ]ff\I^ khayydt. See Tailor,
Sempstress.
Sewing, s. aWLaL khiydtah.
Sex, (^mJ^ yi^M* The male sex, ij**:^
j^ii\jiM awuknr. The female sex,
(JUll ^^^uS^ jins al andta\
Sexagenary (sixty years old), ^^j^s^ »^
61
8HA
(962)
SEA
ii»^ ^imraho 9iti%n $4mah, -^^j^P^ ^^
Sexagemmal, ^^Vj-,.,) m^iiI. 6ee Sxxtieai.
Sexangolar, w^l^^^ ^oAo «f#M
jawdnib. [tawdfa.
Sexangnlarly, [AjjSs^.le. ^M wtM
Sexennial (every Biz yean), ^^^i^h^Ji
kol iiiiai ianln; (lasting six years),
•^ JLi jtJb yahtm iittat Aml».
Sextuple, uJUt^l iz^ itUat ad^df,
Shabby,^;;!i»- halar. See Mean, Paltry.
— A shabby fellow, ^^O danl. See
Scoundrel.
Shabbily, ^;;;i^ ^ji hi wt^in hdklr.
Shabbiness, ij\jL»^ hakdrat.
Shade (made by the interception of
light), Ji^ %%lh (darkness), l^ tul-
mat; (coolness), i^ifji hurUdat; (pro-
tection, shelter), ^Ui»- himdyat, ^L^
iiffdnat, A shade (departed spirit),
JLsL khiydU To sit in the shade, to
seek the shade, ^yia&J^ UtaasU, Jiioj
Shade, v, JII9 zallal.
Shaded, jlli^ rnuMUal.
Shades; J^ taldl.
Shadiness, Jl? %%lh
Shadow, «. JI9 Sf7/. The shadow of
Ood, aI1\ 3? tt7; dOah.
Shady, shadowy, JJJa« mwuXUl,
Shagreen, chagrin, t^. (vex),^ hahar,
Shagreened, chagrined, j^^L« makhikr*
Shake, v. (agitate), <^->- harrak, ^^^
nafad. To shake or be shaken, JjCj]
irta^ad, {j^j\ irta^ash. To shake
hands, ^l^ id/aha. See Sove, Agi-
tate, QaaTer, Tremble, Totter, Stagger,
Weaken. — But if this be not the Queen Jo-
harah, this is more beautiful than she ! And
•ho direw near and shook hands with ma.
Shake, shaking, «• ^j>- Aordbd, JW
irti^dd, ^\auj\ irti^dtky '^^j ^
rdj\ A shake in music, djju iMfitf
Shaken, cX^^^ muiakarrit, Jis^
muniafid.
Shall, V. aux. a])
r>
I fibHr
-^^1 1*)! ^stin 0rfiA« Shall I ^
^Z»-^ ^jlt Jjb hal Idmim ahkf Iw
shall write, c>>.*.C7 Aji IdMm UHi^
Shallop, Y. jj^j %awrak, ^J^ iofi
Shallow (not deep), u^Ll Mhdf^.
Shallowness (want of depth), ^_La«- *^
^adam al ^umk.
Sham, «. (trick, false pretence), V
Mlah. See Fraud, Imposture, SelasL^
Sham (counterfeit, fictitioas), j*> *
Mawwar* JuIaj iaktfd.
Sham, V* jjj satnTor. See Chest TrJ
Shambles (place where bntcher^s s^^
is sold), J'**^ moilakh.
Shame, L». hayd. See Di^^rsc^ ^*
nominy,Infamy. — (bashfulness], j^
hhajah See Modesty.
Shame, v. (make ashamed), J^i^i^
If beauty oame to be eompared witib bs.
would hang down its head m shame: '.: '
were said, O beauW, hast tkoa seea tk b
it would answer, The equal of this I ki^^
Shameful, c,!^.^ m«^ytl^, ^y^
milm. See Disgraoeful, Infamoai
nominious. [i.^*4>^ lb ^i2a
Shamefully, LsA^^a^ JC? WW/i
Shameless, L>. L iiVa ^y4.
Shamelessness, L^l a«X£ ^a^Msf4
SEA
(963)
8H£
ammer, «• See Cheati Impoeior.
ank, jU $ak. See Leg. [Uloer.
aaker, ohaaore, ». ^y iarL See
ape, J^ ihaU (pL JlCl^l a^hidl),
ijya tUrai, Oi ibi. I oonjaze thee»
i my miatreea, that thou come with me and
lehold her beauty and loyeliness, and the joBt-
less of her form, shi^, and pn^rtion, and
excuse me for the trouble, d^^.^MbuSlj
cli^U^ t^"^^*^ 2^13^')^
ape, V. ^^a sana^. See Make^ Form.
—When I take words that seem mere silyer, I
Guhion them into shape, and then they become
18 gold. Now formerly I used to deriTe wealth
Vom my acquired learning, and drew milk
from it, sJ^\^\S\3LLi laiUl J^tj
aped, & ^:»«d^ masnU^. See Formed,
are, v, (divide among others), ^^^ao^
hatsas, c j^ wama^. See Diyide. —
[to partake with others), l^^a^ JseLl
ikhoM his$ah, il^J^j\^ sdr shat^k,
3ee Participate. [Part, Portion,
are, i. ^Uo^ htssah, ^UmJ hUmat. See
ared, i«^MJUma)bum, ^jymuwaua^,
arer, «. (one who divides), t^^uA^ mu-
uustm, 9jy rnuwaszi^, — (one who
participates), ^.»(v,-> ^ laha hiisah,
iJJ J^ tharlk. See Partaker,
arp (having a keen edge or point),
JtfU kdti^, jl>* Ad(^. — (acute of un-
ierstanding), ^Sj %aki, ybU mdAir,
«4>l>* Adiil. See Ingenious, Wittj,
labtile. — (aoid), jU- hdd, ^ja^\^
dmud. See Sour. — (emaciated, lean),
^iuaC nahUf. A sharp sword, c^ttj..i
i^lj Myfh&ti^ jl». (-Ami Myfh&d,
Sharpen, t. ^^^ foiMi.
Sharpened, ^^y^M^ momiifi. Anything
upon which another is sharpened, ^j»»*>^
miunn. See Whet9tone. [S^Tpt)*
Sharper, «.^ltXs ghadiOr^Jo^ii ihdtir (in
Sharply (acutely), Jle J^ iiiib/ ^Jd.
See Wittily, Judiciously.
Sharpness (keenness of edge), X»jl».
haddljfoi, 2^«A»- Mddat; (acuteness of
understanding), i^\jS Jird$ai, ij\s>-
hawHJtat. See Ingenuity.
Shave, v. J^ halak.
Shaved, shaven, J^l^s^ maUnk.
Shaver, «. jlU- AoZ/^jfc (pL ^j^^ hat-
Idkln), (^J^ fnmayyin. See Barber.
Shaving, «. iil^ htldkah.
She, ^ Al. She said, ollS ^ Al
kalaL Then he proceeded to meditate upon
her case, and said within himself, I will rise
and lay hold upon her, and aak her respectinr
her state, and if this be she, I will aemana
her in marriage of herself; and this is the
thing I seek, and that which constitutes my aim,
Sheaf, ^Id^ Aisma^. A sheaf of corn,
Shear, v. ^Ji karad, ^joi has,
ShetLTSf ,jOjA^ makrad, ^^^li* mukiu. See
Scissors. — Shears for cutting gold,
silver, etc, \^/^ makrad.
Shearer, t. ^IS kdii^.
Sheath, «. ujld ghtldf, j^ ghamd.
Sheathe, ir. J^ ghamad.
Shed, f . LyiLi 9akah, To shed tears,
^j^ J c:^4 taraftA dwnHL^ha, To
shed blood, /* jJl CJoLi #ii/2iifc oitfom,
^2^ harai.
SHI
(964)
rjT
Sheep, I. ^UJx phananuU ; (ooUectively),
^ yhanam, aL^I offhndm. See
Cattle, Flock.
Sheep-fold, sheep-cot, $.jJia^ haaUr,
Sheer, ^/isf^ mahd, ^If^ ihdlii, _£}
nakl,t^j0a»arf. See Fore, dear, Clean.
Sheer off, 9. See Betreat.
Sheeti $. (for a bed), ujLS»^U- chdrshaf.
A sheet of paper. .iSj^^Usr^ talhiyai
.v' V- ^^
Shine, v. %^ ^a»^
Shine (bright^ sr
Bhine^ ' V iT
0
\^
warak.
Shell. «. t
r***
• r 4
I <
•dih.
d>eU
>.
(the external crust of anyt^ '^' i ^
hUhr. A sheU-fish, ^ \i\ -
fiU oBiamak, 1.1
Shell, V. (take out of /i i^' J?
Shelled (having a shell^ / .^ee €ry.
(taken outof theshe.*^ ^ --«^ »a^5.
jJLjL^ muhuhihar ^ j^ traydlt.
Shelter, \J^ mal/ ' -^^^^^ed),^ tmr.
himayai iU ' *«^««). W t^J
See Security
rain, \iA^' /ioding-hheei), ^ hrfan.
Sherd. Sj/tcA*#»»-
Shepherdi^/^ m*^fan. [Shiver.
Shephe.y'i^ »«/«</. See Quake, Shake,
Sherbji^^^*^**^- See Mix, Mingle.
Shif '^^y^^ (tergiverse), J^U. Adtm/,
Sb ^'^t^*^9 JS^ lowwalh See Elude,
^yi ofl^--(to trick), jLLgJmh.
^ »• (mixture), laL^. Ma/^- (an
^ce), 4^0^ AlfaA, Juj^ %<{. See
ftick, Fraud.— (teigiversation), jLj
^^fl//tt/. See Subterftige, Shift.
5hon, r. ^^jjc^l ^daiar min. And
it is said by the proverb, Whoso seeth a hole
in the ground, and dotk not shnn it, and
be cantiooB of adTandng to it boldly.
«xDoii«t). himself to danger and destnietio^,
i\j ^^ Jull ^ JjJ dJ^
, (door), Mb ftdi,
ohut^e^ •• (leaving matiuiiient),il<iL
Shy, \o\^\ Cj-^U tdAti ii%£
j^i^s^wtMmkt. BeeCautioiUjVr
— (au^icions), j^U, iniiUldm, u^.
Shyness (tmwilHngness to be ^am.
caution), t->Uap.\ y^Mi, lUi', k
%d. See Timidity, BeaerTedsa
Sibilant (hissing), ^IL ii|^n
Sibilation. See Hisa. x^
®*^^' en**/* ffwiJ, JjL ^aftl, ^
Sicken, r. (grow sick), ^^^ «^ ,
C^^ #driwirf<J; (to make sick), J.
Sickle, «. JacU Mtffi>«;.
Sickliness, u-iw Jii/, See 8icb«
Sickly, *^iji^ Af^j/ SeeSict
Sicteess, Joy mmrcd^ ila Mti, %:^
«^f See Disease, Dist^per.
Side, #. 4^;;, ««^ (pi. ^1^1 ^.
i-^Ur/iliia, i..:-^>W(pI.o^.
l^jMat (pi. ci^-l^:^ jiiUtffl^ i^.^
«^ya^ The right aide, .,^'1
SHO
(96d)
SHO
iadihim. See Crowd.
lock, «. (blow), ^Jutf sadmai, ^ji dor-
hat; (conflict, matnal impresnon of
violence), (^y^ hujum, ^j>- harhf
ijj\s^ muhdrabai, JLui^ waJ^^.
lock, V, AXa Modam; (shake by matnal
coQcnssionX ^y^^ iasddamil.
lod, ^,^j^ {j»iji idhU markuho,
loe, #• ^fy MorMhy \j^>^ Mdd^ A
wooden shoe, t— >\SJ iabkdh. A hone-
shoe, f^ na^.
toemaker, «. (J\jU^ nurmdyHtl^ c^lSLa
Loot, V. (throw, dart, hnrl), ^^j ramd*
To shoot off a mnaket or cannon, ^jc
darah. See Fire, Discharge, Gun,
Camion. — To shoot «r kill (with a gun,
eto.),{jM\yi\) JiS kataihUkuwiUf ^y
haunoa%\ (to germinate, grow up as
plants), uu^ nahaU See Sprout, Grow.
— To shoot forth ears (aa com), ^joij
nafad.
lOot, «. (twig, tender branch), 9^faT^
^^y^ ghum, {j*»j£. ghir:
top, «. dJyU- hdn^f ^^^ diikidn.
[pL ^l^ J d^iid^n). A butcher's shop,
L^ wu ijO J iltii^fi kaadh. A wine
ilK^^lflCUffiiiUdfMA. SeeTaTem.—
^ banker's shop, uJl^ ^iTj daiidn
tarrdf.
ore, jscji\ fJ»^L» 9dhil al hahr,
ort, ji^ kMr, See Little, SmaU,
Harrow. — Short of statnre, jJiSjf^
uUiraikadd. In a short time, ^^J ^
^JlS/{ naman JuM. See Soon. — Short
not adequate), s^^J^x^j^x. ghayr m«-
»iUt2. See Sefectire, Imperfect,
orten, v.jioi iasiar,j^ ^dL«x tomalaho
jOi^ iLsA ^medaho mukhta$ar. See
Abbreviate, Abridge, To contract, Lop.
Shortened, y«0:Lsr^ mukhtoior.
Shortliyed,^^^!^^;**^ iaslr al ^wnr, Jj[|j
sAy*7, (Jli fdnh See Frail.
Shortly (in short), \j>axas^ mttkhtaioran ;
(soon), \s^j»aitir^ianf^j^huir^in,
^^^^j»aS\j Uakior wakt&n.
Shortne8B,y«ai kiitr,j\^ia:^\ WdUdr,
Shortsighted,^^!aJ\j:iMd5 huHr annastar.
Shortsightedness, ^loJfyiai hur anna%ar.
Shortwinded, shortbreathed, ^^m5i\ fj^
dayyak annafoi.
Shot, «. ^j rami, .^ iarh. Shot* for
fire-arms» L/^V ^^*^^*
Shoulder, (of a man), uJi^ kitf. The
shoulders, uJl::^^ aktdf. Having high
or broad shoulders, s^\:^i\ ^^jS- ^arid
al iktdf.
Show, r. (exhibit to view), ^^j rawa^ ;
(tomakeknown),^^\aKAar. See Pub-
lish, Ph)claim. — (todemonstrate), ^jtbji
harhan. See Prove* — (to explain), -.^
iharah; (to teU, teach), Jx ^alltm;
(to appear, have the appearance of),
j^ takar. — ^And when they were upon
it, he showed her the place in which he had
sees the damsels, and he showed her the sitting
place, and the pool, iJ^ ^^j^ LsJui
^t l^ji^ Juu^t \lb\j\^
Show (superficialappearance), ijya sHrat,
4^j wqfh, XiLS kaydfat; (pomp, mag-
nificent spectacle), Jai^ mamar, j^a^
nuahar (pl.^Uo^ mosdAtr). See Like-
ness, Semblance, Phantom.
Shower, $.Ja^ maiar. See Bain.
Shower, v.)a^J^ 9dr matar. See Bain.
SHU
(966)
sn)
VhowerjfJaA^ timmiir, 8m Bainy.
Showing, paH.j^ mwMr.
Shown, yb\b idAir, ^>^y«^ ma^^^- ®^
Exhibited.
Showy, Bhowiih, Uujl? Mff/. Sm Ele-
gant, Splendid, Brilliant, OstentntioiiB.
Shred, f . h^ kU^t AaLI ihuk/at, ij^
kiirat. See Fragment.— To shred, ^Li
«Jaj wLaj hatta^ hUa^ hUa^,
Shrewd (crafty), A^ ^^^^.^\^ a&hxb
kilah. See Sly, Cunning,— (malicious),
jljL «A«nr. See Bad, Dangerous,
Painfbl.
Shrewdly (craftily), ^il-^J^ hikolhllah.
Shrewdness (i^raftmess), 4L»^ hllah* See
Slyness.
Shriek, v. il^ Jf ^amd wduHihtj J^
(^..^^a^ ^amal nahlh. [See Cry.
Shriek, s. ii^y walwalat, i^^»nr naMh.
Shrimp, «. (flsh), j^»>iy hrmfili.
Shrink, v. (become contracted),yiaJ kuir.
To shrink (from danger), \j^ j-^j
Shroud, «, (winding-sheet), ^ htfan.
To shroud, Ji^ htffim.
Shrouded, JkLt mukaffm. [Shiver.
Shudder, v. ^joiu nafad. See Quake,Shake,
ShvJ&e, v.Us^ khaiat See Mix, Mingle.
—To shuffle (tergiverse), J^W hawtU,
JIaJ ia^aUal, jjc ^awwak* See Elude,
Shift oE— (to tnck), ij^ §hMh.
Shuffle, i. (mixture), U^ kkalt; (an
artifice), ^d;^ Mlahf JJi ki^eU See
Trick, Fraud.— (teigiversation), JSm
ia^alM. See Subterfuge, Shift
Shun, r. ^jOcl^I iXtear mm. And
it is said by the prorerb, Whoso seeth a hole
in the ground, and dotii not ehui it, and
be cantiovB of advancing to it boldly,
exposetK himself to danger and destniction,
v/ ^ s^l ttT* uM' ^ Jji ^J
Shunned,
MuJUflMT ntiii
Shunnii^,jwH.c---ia«^*w!f<«^
muhUasir, i<*2Lfir^ micX^Mil.
Shut, V. Ju> ««tf, jle ghMt, To^
up (confine), (^^'*«>- kabn. See Oae,
Confine, Block up. — To shutout, u^
^^ hantKMtho MM*
Shut, jMPTf. U^Jui^ ma%^^ Jy-M^.»
See Imprisoned.
Shutter, •• (one who shuts), jl*«»>f^
lik; (door), c-^V Wi, [
Shuttle^ t. (weaving instrument),
Shy, WU^\ c,.o-U idU Hi^
jjisr^ tnuhUoMr. See Cantious, ¥r
—(suspicious), aVj^ smMosi, u«^-
^Ji? «dM stuff.
Shyness (onwillingneeB to be iai^
caution), u^Ls^j-^ jfUmOh, lU^ *
hahy )olfi9^\ Miydt, j J^ Amt. '?>
Aoyd, See Timidify, Beservedscft
Sibilant (hissing), j\i^ mfir,
Sibilation. See Hiss. [«»
Sick, (j^i^ m^id, J-U ^h •r
Sicken, r. (grow sick), ^j^ mni;'
^^ •drmorii; (toiiieke8ick),^i/
Sickle, ^ J^si« eNNi^.
Sickliness, uJm <Iii^/. See %vks»
Sickly, ui««^ <b^ir. SeeSicL
Sickness, Joj^ muradt il^ cfM. »;?:
wufa^. See Disease, BisteDper.
Side, 9. uJ}» iar^f (pi. uJ|>l ^:
i^\prfdmh, w,.^/si4(pi.^^r^
iis^/sW*^ (pi. Lz:^ Jakkdi)/L>'
nOkiyat. The right side, ^^^ "-!,-
8ia
( 967 )
sia
iar^f d yamlM. The left ride, uJ^
jLJI krafalffaidr. The oateideof the
hand, Uii\j^ aakr al kaf. Near the
dde, hj the side^ close to the aide,
jiM, A stiidh in the side,
ij^\^3%dtaljanb. SeePleori^.
al jdniboffn. Erom side to side, ^^
wi^ ^i\ i^Jff min taraf %U iaraf^
lege, t, ijJ^^sf* nu^ioirah^J^^^a^ kk&r.
To^siege. See Besiege,
ieve^ «. Jb^ ffhirhdl, Jicu mwMuk
^' ^' 6ij^ gharhal, JasT naikaL See
Separate, Examine, Try.
liter, I. i^jk^ mugharHL
ifted, JjyU mii^^M.
gh, p. jmetT iahauar. See Lament,
Moom.— Tosighafter, ^1 jt&^l iiUak
M. See Desire,
gh, ». ijm^ koirai.
ght, J^ nmur, j^ batar, ^^^ ^oyii.
See Eje, View, Shov, Spectacle, Notice,
Knowledge. — The King, therefore, wondered
It her sight, at her heanty and lovelinen, at
ier shape and the justness of her form, and he
mid to the merchant, For how much is this
dave? Lfijj^ ^^ CXUl 4--^
btedfjiaj ^ laho naaar,
htlj, J;^4^ yam!/. See Beautiful.
n, $, ijj^\ uhdrat, LJix. ^aldmat.
ee Token, Wonder, Miracle, Symhol,
'ype. Constellation, Monament, Me-
lorial. — Signs and tokens, d^UUI
z^\j\Jiki\j ai ^Idmdt wal uhdrdt.
a, V, (mark), L§ie> J^iifi ^amal ^ald-
lai, 5j\^) J^f ^mal Mdrai,
aal, «. ij\j^\ ithdrat, ilki ghamutt,
96 Sign.— A signal with the ejOi S^
Signal (eminent, memorable), jj \ *n ^
muthhur, ^JJ hadl^fj^^wdhir. See
Bemarkable, Conspicuous.
Signalize, 9. (make eminent), j^fuL« ^
^amalaho muthhur, j^\ aMar%. To
signalize onesel4 JU^Ju j.^J^\ oikhar
Signally, j^fuL« jj^-y htwqfhm moikhHr.
Signature, Lo^l imid. The royal signa-
ture, ^UaLJ\ La^\ ffiuto oitidtdn.
Signet, Aifi^ Ma^jfi, l/^^ |»^t ''^
Significance, 8ignifioancy(meaning)_iit«
ma^fsa'. See Signification. — (import-
ance), Sj^j^ durHrat. See Energy,
Force.
Significant, significatiye (having a mean-
ffki&fNi'; (important, momentous), f^^
muhimm, ^Jl Idtm*
Significantly (with force of expression),
^^iinJt ify J^ hikol Hwat alma^\
Signification, ^J»»^ ma^\ ^y^ ^^
\^ fahwd, S^Uc ^drat, ^^^ViJ naU-
jai. The evident signification, A^UJ
i'SiC^ya nattjatiorihat. The signification
of the words, a1C!1 ^L^uJ ntf^a/ al
kaldtn, [uJji^^ ma^rfi/.
Signified (intimated), w»puc^ ma^/flm.
Signify, i;. (have a meaning), ^^i^ ^ana'.
— (to intimate, make known)^ ^^
lAabbar, flc] JLu:1 «^to' i^m,jf^\
aihiar.
Signifying (having a meaning), ^^J^m^ ^
lako ma^\ s^>^^ ma^moH. See
Significant. — (giving notice), *Jui^
mu^Um, jfJ:f* mtikiahhir. Signifying
nothing, ^<A^ ^U mdJbAo ma^na'.
sn.
(968)
SDC
Silence, d^^JL^ mkat, \j:,^*.a^^ iomi,
SUenoe, «. u^JL taihU.
Silent, ui^L.* idibY, ur^wtL^ «dm$^,
iZJyi^ tamHt. To be silent, uuX^i
iakat, {j:.0*a00 Mimai, A silent man,
Ail\ Jjj iboA/ 0/ kdlam. Be silent,
' )1 fuha. The King talked to
her, fmd iDqnired of her her name ; but she
was BUent, not uttering a single word, nor re-
taining him an answer, CXLiJI iLoi
Silently, dJ^^L} J^ hikoliukut, ij:.^^,^
Utamt.
Silk, ji^ ^«rlr. Sewing silk, jij>-
^Lsr /*5^;f^ Aorfr mahUm lU hhi-
ffatah, ^^fsu9jijs^ h^nrmaftal. Raw
silk, jj ^. TJnspan silk, jJ i^.
Plain silk, ^ jLj^j^ Aorlr «Sd!tiA.
Silk, silken, jij>- harir. A silk gar-
ment, ^^ ^ Jj ^a<{^ ^Ir.
Silk mercer, 8, i^J^j>- hardyri.
Silkworm, jij^^ 0^*^ dud dlharir.
Sillily, ^jLe J^ Ukol ghabdwat, JCj
Jax: JLilsr* hikol iakhdfat ^aJd.
Silliness, Ja£ Jcilsr* <a^Ad/a^ ^l, S^Li
ghahdwat, Ja£ i%J^ ^oilam ^a^/. See
Stupidity, Folly.
Silly, JiJl i^jLi- Mi&Af/ «/ ^akl See
Foolish, Trifling; Harmless, Simple,
Weak, Helpless.
Sillyhow. See Membrane which envel-
opes the child in the womb.
Silver, iJai faddah. A silver mine,
<Uai ^dxx* ma^dan faddah, Qoiok-
silver, ^jmjJ nayhak.
Silver, v, (cover or ornament with silver),
A-ailb ^ tM hil faddah.
SiLTersmith (or goldBmith), i. w'^
Silvered, silvery, ^^^om^ mufadM.
Similar, J2m« rnitd, (JjLai^ mtrflidti?, i:lli
mtM^^tA, j2a^ naar. See like.
Similarity, similitude, ZIjUb««
See Besemblance, Likeneas, EqusHti
Sameness.
Simile, «. Jtfi^J ^«Mi/, ^Jl^ mai
^UmuJ toA^lA. See CompaciaoiL'
Simony, UjoJU ^«)Jt ^^ ^y^ ^^
Simper, $, mm*^ taboinun. See Smik
Simple (not compound), ^^^^j^fkr
murakkab, lajMit 30«I< ; (single), 4^^
mif^roi; (plain), zrjLa «ddSs; (artka
unskilful, weak in understBodiE:.
jAii\i^J^ iakhif al ^; (het
less, undesigning), )a»m} haOt^ ^J»
iddij. See Innocent, Guileless.
Simple, t. (in botany), cZ^lJ jm^ f^
(Jl^l;lJ no^fiiaQ. See Herb.— lb
knowledge of simples, cl;ULJ^ ^
^tlm annabdtdL To simple or gitbr
simples, cii^ULj ^^^jawta^ iia^alt:
Simpleton, «. (in Beirut) J^L^ itfi^
iJaxI! w,,aj.gr» takhlfal ^dti, JiM *i^
^^/»7. See Fool, Trifler.
Simplicity (plainness, without cunaii^
or deceit), ^LuJ hoidtai; (witkc:
abstruseness), As»-^«x«i saddJtU; (with-
out finely), <CjJ aJ^ ^adam siM^
(weakness, silliness), Jac aJ^ ^4d»
^ail. Affecting, assuming the air ^
simplicity, *«Mbi idU- ^^A£. ^amai hi-
laho ffhaahlm.
Simply (without experience), aSJt
^U^l hi ^adrnn mtihdn; (vitboc:
sm
(969)
SDf
tifice), JLi>-Ujuu hi^adam ihtiydl;
bollBbly), Ji^i^Juu hi ^adam ^M\
lolely, merely), laJJ fakait Uik^
ti^Aiibfi, jU^lt Jif ^' iU iOak.
ee Entirely.^ without addition), ^^
y\jjj^ mln ghayr wiyddah.
ulation, bj riyd, 2^l[|^ mardydh,
3e Dissimulatioiiy Hypocrisy,
oltaneons (acting together), cuJ^ J^
r<l tfoifc^ ; (existing together), Jji
,j\j ford %at.
iXi<. hhatiyat (pi. blL:;^ hhatdyd).
^ Wickedness, Crime, Fault. — Small
' venial sins, JUi^bUas^ hhatdyd
vradiyah. A mortal sin, K^^kAm <uVi*'w
ia/ty0^ mumf^^. Original sin, JLks^l
J^Slt a/ hhatiyat al atliyat.
V. ^J2:i^\ ahhta\ fJa^L c^Jur^t
(aiM khatiyaL
le (seeing that), tjia3 mnuirafi, ^^
\ ^^*!>- tnin hays an, ^1 lion ; (from
at time), tJL^^\ cJl J ^^ mm %dh
waht. Long since, J^i ^^ mtii
&/, a£J^ ^ fnin hadlm, t« ji^ mM«
idapum. My father died since, and I be-
ne a Saltan after him ; and I married the
ighter of my nncle, who naed to lore me
cessively, (ji-ulaLyJj <^*^|^ iJy fi
J\^,
i^^\j (j:
iJju
3^
Bre, J jl^ 9ddih, ^lfi»- hhdlii, ^^A^
A^\ mUim al hM. See Honest —
amixed), ^y^ '*/*• ^ Pure. —
sincere heart, Jblt %^Xi haXb idhir.
Q Sincerity.
)rely, ij\s^ JCf Uhd saddhat, JCj
^ bihol hahlhai, jxAl ha Mh,
l^\JC! hOolthhldi, jjlJUIu
^L>4^j highdyai auidh wal ihhldtn
Sincerity, i3\x^ iaddhat, jXa iidh^
^If^t Mld$, lliLa^ muidfdh.
Sinew, «. L,.^rtr> ^oioh (pi. c^Uicl a^dh)^
cljjill J.^ Ao^/ ossiirA^. See Ten-
don, Muscle. [Strong, Muscular.
Sinewed, qinewy, L^yoM^ ma^mh. See
Sinfiil, ^U. ihdif, ^2^^ mukhattl.
See Wicked, Impious.
Sinfully, JuLf^^^ JCj hthol sharrin toa
hhatiyah. [See Sin*
Sinfiihiess, blks)\ XJU. hdlat al hhatdyd.
Sing, V. _ic ffhanna* ; (in church), JJ^
ratUdy J!L» iahhah. To sing a funeral
dirge, ^j ra«i, Ilh sing to any one
in derision, UCff 4) ^^li ghmmtl laho
toKakkumtm. Thereupon the female slaTee
and ooncubinee playea before her with all
kinds of mnmcal instntmentB, and sports, and
other performances; and they sang so that
erery one who was present was mored with
delight, whilst the damsel looked at them and
waa silent, neither langhing nor speaking,
J}\m^ lf«1jJ i^j^j^^^ f^J^yr^ CL>w>ttli
Singer, «. ^A^y miighannU A female
singer, ^U:JL« mvghanmyah.
Singing, #. Le ghind. See Song.
Single, tJ^jifard (pi. j\j3\ afrdd), S^\j
wdhid, JjL9 mujrad. See Simple. —
(indiridnal), ^yas:^ mahhtiU. A
single person (an indiridual), ^joas^
tX>A^ shahha tedhid; (an unmarried
person), ^Je] a^nah. See Bachelor.
Singly, \jji \jji fardoH fardan, l«X»-lj
\
\^ wdhidan wdhidan.
Singular, J^ mufrad, J^\^ tDdhid,
SIB
(970)
SKS
i^^ywahld. Bee Singla.— (unooimnwi,
rare), jJU nddir, jJ[J^ hoA^. Any-
thing singular or rare, iu Ja Mn^^j
9jj\j nddirah. See Rarity.— The
gmgular number (in grammar), J^
mufrad.
Singularity, ij^j tt^aWdfc iJby far-
ddniyat, jj/il in/Srdrf; (peculiarity),
K^yA^^ khu^yat.
Singularize^ v. J^ ^d-** ^oma^Ao m«-
^ai, J;i Hj^ ioyyarraho fard.
Singularly, J^ ^y biwofhin mujrad.
See Singly.— (uncommonly), f^r^
{^ — ^ hitpqihin ^ajlh.
Sinister (left), JUl »Aimal; (bad, un-
feir), ^j^ *•«**» ^^y-^ ^*<^ •*^*'
See Dishoneati Iniquitous, Perreree,
Unlucky. [luckily, Perversely.
Sinistronsly, ^y»^, hinahnn, SeeFn-
Sink, V. (in water), ^jJal #Wm; (to
cause to sink under water), ^jmLc
$haUM\ (to penetrate, enter), JuaJ
fin/ai. To sink a ship, ^^f Sj^
gharrah markab. See Shipwreck.— To
sink (as a ship), Jji ffhereh.^ To sink a
mine, i^^ ftakah. To sink (suppress,
conceal), ^^As^.! «i6A/«'- [*Aa%a^.
Sinless, lJcLi^\ ^^ ,^j^ hairl mm d
Sinner, «. ^l>* iAfift*
Sip, f^. ^/o^ »«>#•
Siphon, 9. h\ai JtoiOMy f^y^\ lunhnh.
Sir, Jb^l^U yd hhmo&jah
Siren, 9.j^\ ^.i-^ Wnf a/ ioAr.
Sirius, jLfll i--J^ *«» aljtAhdr, s,^^
sha^raf. See Dog-star.
Sirup, hjJi» Mharhat (pi. vJiaM^ jA«rd-
lai). A maker of sirups, JW!/^
Sister, «. l;:.'Cs.\ uilU, ^mJ^ Ml^hat
Wife'a sister, ^\ ^^^^^ *"* «^f
wife), ^« ^Vl aiiw^ rf •i^
foster-sister, ^J^t^j radl^
Sisteriy, O-^^t Jt^mMdiM
Sit, r. e,A«r y«*"' •^ *^^- ^^^
•r order to at» ,^Jjr\ tf?T«- T»*
the middle, !fl-.^\ ^^i u-^>^''
i^MO^ To at oppositB, Jf\*-tH
jtfJ^miadM. To sit down lfig«^
\y^ \^^ ka^H «!!««.— As* «»
the Bon io8e,heaPoae and opand the^
ascended to the top. He sat tliae,as«^
not to sit until nightfiill, u>«ti 1
Sitter, #. ^^- y<»^«-
Sittmg, part. ^^^ J««»» "^^^ ^
Situate, atuated, ^^y* •w«^jr
Situation, (place), ^\C^ maio*. ,
mahaU, ^^ flwtrA»t ^^- f'V'
wadii); (state, condition), J>*
ZJU- hdM.
Six, X.L» nto^
Sixteen, ^Lx i:u^ w<te< ^w»ir.
Sixteenth, yt*fi |^ jU •arf«r ^«*'
Sixth, ^jL fflilM. Asixthpsrt/
iuds. Sixthly, 'L-oU iditoi-
Sixtieth, ^yu- iiUHn, .-i- ««^
Sixty, ^^;-a^ wtan.
Size, j\ jX* i»«iWfir, j j5 Ww. S»^^
Magnitude, Bulk. [^
Size (viseous substance), {j^j*
Size, «. (measure), (jm*15 to-Seelta^J
— (to cover with glutinous jb0^*
Jmak, ^/f- ghmmf . SeeGlw
Skeptkk (usually spdt Sceptk)r^ "
who donbta of eT^tbing}) i/^
BKU
(971)
SLA
eptickal (Ml of doubt), ^^j^^ <mw-
eptickism, (jiwf^^ woiwHi. [wd«I.
etch, i, (a roQgh draft, first plan),
r J^«ub« muMwwadaK
ilful,^LM» ih&tir{^UL S7ria),y^U MdMr,
J jl>- AdgAJ^. See Knowing, Intelligent,
Expert. [wa tna^fnh,
llfblly, ^y^^ if;lk& J^ UkoUhatarat
ilfolnefls, skill, r^lL^ MtffAraA, Jx
•ee Dexterity, Knowledge. — The sheykh
tierefore adyanced to those locks, tad he
pened them hy his knowledge and oouzage
nd great skill, Jj\j Jl ^1 ^.^xii
Ued. See Skilful.— Skilled in the
tonagemexxt of afiain, i^^efT w^.^a^-L^
J jjj «dA•^ tafribat wa iadhir.
Q, jJc^ ySi (pi. JjjlS»> J¥liki)^jLi
Mr. See Hide^ Huak» Bark, Ifeia-
rane. Leather. [buhmr.
a, f . (day, peel), ^ MbM, ^^
ined, ^^Um^ matkLkh,jySJL9makihlir.
iner, f . i^Jjls^ julftdi,
ming, |Nir^. JL» «d/>M; f* <Vh)uMj
i/^M, ^ MttA. [See Flight
miah, 9. l^j\^ hdrdby Jjli idM.
mish, «. iLbli^ mukdiaUi.
t, Jja dle^ly ^lii^ bmdr. See Border,
g^ Margin^— As for the world fall not into
soaree, nor cling to its skirts ; for I pos-
led fovr thousand bay horses in a stable ;
I I married a thousand princesses, the
ighters of kings, high-bosoined lirguis, like
K)ng, L^ L>- ^ ^^^ W^^ ^1^
rjLHJjy'^W c>
Sky, U^ Mm^, clj3i fdUk. See Air,
Heaven. A serene sky, ,<>-l^ U^
•imd^f. Sky-ooloored. ^i;JU. M.
matfff. See Azure. — And when the dawn
so high that I imaf^ed it had reached the
highest region of the sky, ^^ \a1J
Slah, f. ^jl knoh. A marhle slab, -.^
j^y9 lawh marmar.
Slaok, «. slacken (loosen), JU- M7» (to
grow lees tense), Jo^ tnM; (to become
remiss), JiU? Ufhdfal. See Belax,
Languish, Fail, Flag; Ease^ Believe,
Mitigate.
Slack (not teoae or oompaol), Jjl^^e^
maUMl; (remiss), Jili ^OfiL See
Careless. [Bemissness, Negligence.
Slackness, JJusT taUll, J:»- Xoff. See
Slain, JjiL* makM, Jsjb>^ munkatU.
Slake, V. J>> Aa0. See Quench, Slacken.
Slander, v. ^Le c^^^ ^^W^ ^o/a'. See
Bevile. [Beproach.
Slander, Ia^ namlmdh. See Calumny,
Slanderer, «. slanderous, ^jiiu^mufUm^y
Af^ muMtm. See Calumniator, Be-
proachfnl.
Slanderously, Ju^j \fi\ JCj UMiJUrd
Slash, «. (wound, cut), ^LS ibf^. To
slash, ^LS tata^. Slashed, ^Vigv^
mioiila^f ^. See Cut, Wounded.
Slave, Juc ^«><f, vl^^U^ nMWi/ai^. See
Servant. — ^A female slave, if Jue ^Mat.
See Maid-seryant. A slave-mexohaati
SLE
(972)
SU
nrfi. And my fcther was (deccttTedJ impoBed
upon by his plaunble pretences, and married
^e to him without aacertaining his condition ;
and when (my husband) bad removed me from
the cover which formed my shelter at home,
and had carried me away to a distance from
my people, and transferred me to his abode,
and orooght me under his rule, he made me
bis dave, ^j^j^. ^^J^^
Slaver, ^}ij rl*, jl«^ husdh or jUj
husdk, j\j> htudk. See Spittle.
Slaver, v. ^J^ hatak.
Slavery, i J;^ ^ndiyai, jli/i-»^ w<«r-
kdi. See Servitude.
Slaaghter, Jsj kaU. So when he was
told that thou hadst fought with the King, and
that conflicts and slaughter had ensued between
jou, he was terrified, and fled, US ^U
Slaughter, v. (kill), Jsj katal; (kill ani-
mab for food), ^ J %abah. To kill, slay.
See Butchery.
Slaughter*house, «. ^U- l^\^ ioMdl
khanahy '^^ maslaih. [vile. Mean.
Slavish, JJ J %dl%lyjJu>- haklr. See Ser-
Slavishly,«?r.^;-A>-^^ Unaw^n haklr.
Slavishness, SjIa>- hakdnU.See Meanness.
Slay, r. Ji3 katal. See Kill, Butcher,
Murder.—A slayer, JJlS kdtU. See
Killer, Murderer, Butcher.
Sleek, ^Xs^ mujll, J^S-a^ tnaskul. See
Smooth, Glossy.
Sleek, V. ^l^^jala', JJLc »akal.
Sleep, V. a13 n&m, Sij rakad. To cause
to sleep, A«J iMiyyam. To feign sleep.
J\3 ^U»- (>e ^W UUk up.
To sleep upon the hack, Mj^ ^*«
nam ^mUl ctdAriAt.— But see, 0 n? le
whether thy son be asleep or lui ^
therefore felt him, and she fovnd thssbei?
tiie appearance of deep ; so she said tzib
He is asleep: what then hast thou to vx
what is ^y derire oonoening bis dsfs:
» /•yJ^ J^S^ ^ ClJJtf^-y 4S**^»1*
Sleep, Ay ikifrm, jU; miai. Torn
from sleep, |»yJ\ ^^ ^'^^^
naum. SeeAwake, Bouse.— To »«s
fix>m sleep, ^yJt ^^^ <p/«l3'«*
Sleeper, f . JU fifiyim (fern. hS^ *"
SleepUy, (•SUM J2^ mid atmafm. ^
Lazily, Stupidly.
Sleepiness, ^y»«5 iMi^a*. SeeDiwa^
Sleepless, JjU fasfik, J^ i«5*
See Wakefiil.— I passed tiie nigbt ^*'
fearing that, if I alcpt, the biri ^•
fly away with md when Iwuvi^
^ liy:;. I>U iJJJl vJ3j -^
Keepy, ^;U*«3 no^fdii.
Sleeping, j?<if^. JU ndyim.
Sleeve, t. I^ *w»» (pi. fX^ •^
Sleeved, aU^\ ^ ^«Ao oJmaai,
Sleeveless, aU^ ^U moMo ii»^
Sleight (artifice), jLp^ MM ; (trt^ *
san^. See SkiU.
Slender (slim), t— Pj«^ ^l/^»
(pi. uJlar iwAd/), JhJ, raiii- '
Thin, Small, Weak.
Slenderly, Xil^ W>wAa/rf, Ij'^A "^
fiau'ii^. See subtly, Meanly ^>
ness, ^Ur nahdfai, Uj nttfl
SHce, #. dt*L3 W^fl*, *>yi t*«^**
su
(973)
SLO
iZi\»-jJit tharhat), A slice of meat,
yJ^ iharhai lahm.
ice, p. C^l>-^ CL'Uy^ ^Li kaita^
aharhdt tharhdt See Gat, Divide,
ide, V, J^»yf iMohiak, Jh|j »(dak. See
Slip. To fall when sUding on the ice,
f^j uHah
ide, «. (slippery paasage), ij^yt mada-
hah, A slider on the ice, ^Is. Jhj/-:^
)^\ muiauHUk ^M alhuz.
ight (inconsiderable), ^ J dun, JJJ
iaiilyjJuc ioghlr. See Small, Super-
icial. Trifling, Worthless. — (weak, un-
important, without force or effect),
•J-juJ da^f', (thin), jJj rahlh, ^\j
•ta^fffi. Slight silk, ^U jij>^ harir
td^m. Slight paper, j;J; j^^ warak
"akik,
ght (contempt, neglect)^ £U\ ihdnat,
r^U>- hakarat. See Scorn, Snper-
iliousness.
ght, V, XjUl J.^4£ ^amal ihdnat,jSs^^\
TUakar, See Despise, Neglect.
ghted, ^lf« muhdn.
ghting, i^or^. ^j^i^ mvhln.
ghtingly, JULlbl JC; hikol thdftah,
\£s,^^\j hiihtik&r, f\yi^^\L htld ihtirdm,
3^hter, 9. ^^ji^ muhln.
^htlj (without force or strength),
^ L Md kUwat. See Weekly. — (negli-
ently), JUjbl J^ hikol ihmdl.
^btness, ifJflSI ^^xc. ^adam al kuwat,
aUs^ rakhdwat. See Weakness, Thin-
ess. — (want of attention), JUjbt
Ifndl, See Negligence.
\^, 9, (for throwing stones), clLt
[uila^; (a hanging bandage for a
roken arm, etc.), lULoc ^i9dhat; (a
LTOW, stroke), ^^j rami, ^jo darh.
Sling, r. ciLjb c-.^ (Iara& 6»7 mukld^,
^j rama\ See Throw, Cast
Slip, V. (slide), J^Ij %alak. See Slide ;
To faU. — (to omit or neglect), ^ J.4X
^nud JoAfl, JiUj> taghdfal, ^<mJ »Mf.
Slip, «. Uj tallat, J!j ttf/o/. A slip of
the foot, Ai^isij talkat kadam, A slip
of the pen, Ji ^ 9ahu kalam. A slip
of the tongue, ^UJl ^ ^LjUI ^f^
M^fl a/ tfMdii mtii a/ lUdn. A dip,
(mistake), ^ 9ahu, Iks^ iAaM, J!j
sob/. See Error, Fault. A slip out or
torn from the main trunk of a tree,
Ji kiUam,
Slipper, <• ^^l; hdiiuh.
Slipperiness, i&Jy nuulakat
Slippery, y^ tuuu, Jh|j Mlk, J]j %aldi,
A slippery place, ^u!^ madakai.
SUt, V. JJ^ 9hak, ^falak. SeeSpUt.^
A slit, ^ «Aa.— See Split, Bent,
Tear, Gut.
Slope, r. (be oblique), Jt« mdl, ^^^)\
imah; (to make oblique), J^U ^dui^A
amalaho
^amalahomdyil,
mufuab. See Slant
Slope, sloping, <. jj«x»» hadUr. See De-
clivity, Obliqueness.
Sloping, 0^'. t^Sa*. hatut, J^t* moyl/,
<^^.nv^ munsabtjS^X^ munhadir. See
Oblique, Steep. — Slope, slopewise,
slopingly, ^4^Lid3b hiifuibdUn, See
Slantingly.
Sloth, slothfulness, JUjbf fAmS/, ^Ja*^
^Mff/, ^^If^ iahdwun. See Laziness,
Idleness.
Slothful, (^^If^ mutahdwin, ^jSLm^ ib«-
/di> cW^ mt<Amt7, (J^ ianbal. See
Indolent, Lazy, Sluggish, Slow.
SlothfuUy, ^V^ J^( J6 iiib/ faiol
SLU
(974)
StLk
iM UtKdmm. A ilothfiil man, «_»>l«
JUaI tohib ikHdl, J^ hul&n. See
Slnggazd.
Sbven^ alouohy «. lauli ^halH, Li kaid.
SIovenlineaB, l^li. phaUtm^ ^lU i» Jk£
^iMbm latdfai.
Slorenly, adj. laAe $hdtlM\ ath, aJmu
J[iiy &t ^a20m ktafai. [Manh.
Slough, «. ^Ift-^ wahalai. See Paddle,
Slow, ii^l^ hail at haraiai; (to
anger), JUl Jj^ foipi^ a/ M/; (not
qviok or prompt), A^yJt aJ^Jlc ^inilm
OMifr^aA. See Laay, Slaggteh, Sloth-
fill. Dull, Inactive, Dilatoiy.
Slowly, dlsP'j^ ^j^ min ^haft ^a/gM,
^Jf« ^Jlc ^oltf' makl.
Slowness, Af^l aJlc ^lu^eMfi aunsr^hf
ILjI t^^d, ^ 5a^a. See Sluggishness,
Dilatoriness, ProcrastinatioB, Dulness,
Deliberation.
Slubber, v, (do anything earelesdy or
inelegantly), J^^Jbf akmal.
Sluggard, «. ^J^^ kaildn, JUjbl c^^^^^lig
«dAt3 t^md/, J^UcL^ muiakdsih
Sluggish, J«il^ mii^j^«t7, J^ /anSa/,
ujyL«]1 ^kj &a/I a/ mashrah, ^^^^
kasldn, ^L**^ iU«7d»aA. See Lazy,
Slow, Slothful, Indolent, Idle, Dull.
Sluggishly, JUjbl^ ^ J^ J^ ^*^' ^^wo-
^tn li^a ihtndl. See Slowly, Lazily.
Sluggishness, J^ ^o/, JUftl lAmd/,
J^l^ takdnd. See Sloth, Laziness,
Slowness. [Sleep.
Slumber, «. ^^^mju nff^M, ^y ftatrm. See
Slumber, v. ^^wju na^M. See Sleep.
Slur, «. (slight disgrace), c^.w*; ^oy^,
^ ^oJfc^aA. See Blot, Stain.— To
cast a slur, v,,..^ ^ffob, ^^Jh tara$h.
To sbr, ^-fT ^ J^ ^mJ/i^
^oy^. See Stain, Soil, Galamiuik.
Sluttishness, ^j ip«mU.
Sly,^\L« makkOr, Jl:;^^ «MftU2, ^a>
i^aidd^. See Cuaaiag.
Slyly, J W'j.t!'^ J^ KW ti*
To act slyly. Jus J\s^\ ikUl .m
Slyness (designing artifice), JL:^^ ^
ffdl, ^Ju>- Al2ffA. Bee Cunning.
Smaek, v. (have the taste of), f\'»
tndl%la\ ^tW;.M uiat^mn, ^LJ M^
See Savor. — (to kiss), ^^^ ■««
^/mU hdt.
Smack, «. (taste), ;<>! laaai. ^hrz
Flavour. — (with the lips), its:* w^
See Kiss. — A smack with the tc^
(.ji^ kaf; (a small ship), ^Ju l^/
mar^ Boghlr, See Ship.
SmaU, ^^ fo^Afr, JJi hM, ^
Little, Minute, Petty, Few, Slesi
"Weak. — Small in quantity, *}J«i' ^r
io/f/ al ^adad, A small qiustr
JJi ^ «Ay Wf /. See Little, ^
tide. Quantity. — Small of stature, -ri
l^\li\ jbrtr a/ kdmst, ^^j^ ^i
0? ib^. Great and small, ^^;,'^
kibdr wa BtgKdr, To make small^^l
taghghir. To be small, yj*rfj'-»H
Smaller, Jutfl atghar.
Smallest, yutf^l al atghar, ^yi^j
asghar mdgakun. See Least
Small-pox, i^jSs^ jadari. Seiad
the small-pox, jSs:^ mujadiir.
Smallness, jLp stghr.
Smaragdine, i^*^^j aumumdl
Smart, j\j^ kdd. See 8ba/p> ^
Pungent; Quick, Acti?e.— (^''^^
SMI
(975)
8M0
mind), jjL^ h&dik. See Witty,
Brisk, Lively.
nart (pain), ^^^ *^^t ft^ ^^m« See
Pain.— A smart fellow, d^^ sorl/.
nartly, Jb jU^ J^ hikol hdddifot. See
Sharply, Briskly, Yigoroosly.
aartness, l^J %ah&, U^^farSnat, h\Jo
tardfat. See Liveliness, Quiokness,
Briskness.
natter, v. (have a sKgiit imperfect
^araf oBhihy ma^rifah ghayr hdmUah ;
[to talk saperfioially or ignorantly),
\3jXy%j^ ^ Jjo takdUam min ghayr
lell, V, (to have or difpase a smell),
uJ? ^a^\j ^ laho rdyihat taytbat. See
Scent, Perfnme. — (to perceive hy the
lose), M ihamm. To smell (any
lesign), MM,\J< isiasham. See Snspect.
lell (power of smelling), Z««LlJI iji
^cuwat(uhahdmat,Jt^\a»h»ham; (odour),
^skC'j rdyihat, c--^ fli.
teller, «. a^LI shdmim.
lelt, AiijbL* mushtam,
lelt, V. (melt metals), ^jU^ t_ /tt
dJbxd ma-^ddin. See Melt.
lelter, <.^*j^ mudawwib,
lie, V, mjmJj tahassam. To smile at
ronically, J^ takallah.
He, s. A^uyuJ tabiutum, aUmCjI ihtudm.
ilingfpart. jh^^s^ mutaioisim,
ilingly, s^^^J JCjhikol tahasmm. There-
pon he looked down like a serpent, collect-
ig his long uleeves, and, preparing himself
»r a sharp conflict, said. Vleaie to lend ear.
> iny narration, for it is truly strange;
. -will at the same time provoke imiles and
lOve to tears, ^^yuiJI j\Jb\ jjali
Smite, V. L^j^darah* See Strike, Beat
(to kill, ^.9.), J:j hatal. See Blast,
Destroy, Afflict (to collide), j^o\^
iddam. See Dash.
Smiter, «. ^^l•^ ddrib.
Smitten, c^jy.a^ m<iiHl3. Smitten with
love, ^fJ^ maftun. To he smitten
with love, ^^fjutj\^ sdr mafinn.
Smith, «. (especially a blacksmith), jld^
hadddd. A locksmith, J Ui ib^/. A
smith that shoes horses, jlko hltar.
See Farrier. — A goldsmith, ^\^Mdy^h
(pi. ^U* ilydgh). A coppersmith,
yM\a^nahhds, A gun-smith, ^gsfi^^^
jakmakfi, i^^j^yi hawdridl.' A smith's
forceps, iUiU^ kammdaha. See Forceps.
— ^A smith's hammer, AjJx« matraka.
Smith's shop, «. jIjl^I ^l^J dukkdn al
hadddd.
Smoke, ^W-J dukhkhdn. Of the colour
of smoke, (Jl£>>. J dukhkhdnl. Flame
without smoke, jU I ^U U$dn anndr.
The smoke of a furnace, ^Ji\ ^Ir^-J
dukhkhdn alfum. A vent for letting
out amoke, lisi^S^madkhanah. Being
troubled with smoke, ^^^^LjJ tadakh-
khan. Attend then to mj charge, and
eschew disobedience to me; adopt mj ex-
ample, and ponder well my proverbs ; for if
thou take my counsel as thy counsellor, and
the light that I give thee as thy miming
light, thj storehouse will be full, and thj
hospitable smoke arise, *
tjT'j?*^^
ki^-li
\...\C<}U«
'^^3
J^\
Smoke, i^. (send forth smoke),
8K0
(976)
SNE
dakhihan; (to dry flesh, etc., in smoke),
Jj jj ^;s^ J dakkkhan kaild. To smoke
tobacco, ^l^^ S-^ skurh dukkkkdn;
(to smell or find out), *MCLii\ M^ofAam,
Smoked, ^;£^«Vt moisiUifc^fi. Smoked
flesh, Jjjj ^M^i. To be smoked,
^«^jj tadakkkkan. [kk&n.
Smokeless, ^^Is^ J JUi U m4 /IA» Jw^-
Smoker, «. (of tobacco), ^;V£wj u-^ i^
«tori3 iiii&A^^ii.
Smoking, part, ^p- J^ mifdiai&AiAm.
Smoky, ^^S^ mudakkkkan,^J^t}iAA>Jb
ta^matako dukkkkdn*
Smooth (polished, glossy), J^iio^ nuukiU,
_Le^ mufalla*. See Sleek. — (not rough
or unequal on the surface), ^^Lm^
tnuatawlf ^jJl^\ andas. See Lerel
(mild, adulatory), jJjbiV* mudakliz ;
(polite), i>m^Je> MTif (fem. ^ji? sorf-
/aO> ^-A:^ ^^l/* (fem. ^uJaS 2ti/i/iO.
Smooth to the palate, Jj jJ la%lz. See
Palatable. — Smooth-tongued,
fasik. See Eloquent.
Smooth, V, ^^l>-jala*, Ji.^ «aib7. See
Polish (to make leyel), J'^*^ Aax,
^amalako musattak; (to mollify, soften),
y^-j aL«x ^omtf^Ao rakkHf ^J2 dlLix
f^amalaho layyin, — ^Verily Grod has smoothed
for tbee all thy affairs without fatieiie This
rood fortaiie.
which
smoothing thy
way to that immense plunder and great felicity
and happiness, jytXl Ci3 J^ <dH ^^1
•CXjjJ Je^*C<JLi: ^1 ^ Uj clO
Smoothness (polish), JlLi, wjfed^ J^
jUa \ (evennees of soifKe), /" 1
$aUuk\ (gentlenea of speedi), ^.
fai&kat\ (gentleness of manoeti), if
latdfai, h\Jo marafat.
Smote, u^jyio/t madr^. SeeSlrd
Smother, c. ^JiS^ khtuuiL See Su^a
— To smother or be smothered, J^
Snack, ^I>. AumA. See Share, Fin
Snail, «• 4^jj-i»* AtfJoBilii.
Snake, t. ^U>. kayya. See Serpen
All that valley was likewise oecapied bi <
pents and Tenomons snakes, each ok <^a
like a palm-tree ; and by reason of is a
moos sue, if an elephant came t9 it, it *=
swallow it, C1^U>- s5<^V^ ^^ *
Snap, v.jJi kasar. See Break—*
broken),^^MAd Mifcossr; (to bite). .^
^ ; (to catch suddenly), ^Jit^^ ^
See Snatch. — To snap the fingeis. «;
4jui l«^ fairka^ at&ll^aha. [Pe^-^
Snappish, ^\^f 4>l>- Ad«{ d mi»j- '
Snappishly, j)U-]ll La\jL}^ hitkv^
akkldk. See Peenably.
Snappishness. See PecTishness.
Snare, t. J fakk. See Noose, 6iiL
Snare, v. ^b vlC^ sMiei MM
Snatch, (jm^ kaktk.
Snatch, v, l^q\i<- kkataf, ^^ ^
See Seize To snatch greedily |
starving man), ^^m^ kahoik.
Snatched, ^^«^ nuM^tik,
Snatcher, «. ^^U kdhuk.
Snatching, part ^jSuU kdhiik
Sneak, t;. (creep slily), cJ>j t^t
behaye with meanness or sa^M
ij\S^ JCj JJjJ taaalklkiUJit*
Sneak, #. J j dlsni.
SNU
(977)
SOB
eaking, adf, (mean, servile, abject),
,Ji:>- halar, Jj danS, JJ J softlL See
Slavish.— (niggardly), J^^a? haltblh
iee ATaricioos.
sakinglj (meanly), ^,j^S». ^9y^ hi-
iow^inhaiir. Sneakingneas, ijU»-iki-
.drat. See Meanness. — (niggardlinees),
^LufL khasddoi, wiJ? Uuna^, See
Lvarice.
3er, 0. ijj^\ istdkM. See Bidionle.
)er, B. sneeriog, ^Is. \jpJ^ istihtd
aia\ See Bidicnle, Derision*
ierer, ». i^jf'***^ muitalal, clX>-U
dkih
teze, V. (as men), ^^^Jae ^tas,
eze or sneezing, «. s^mVtz ^aUai, One
'ho sneezes, ^jJ^Ks. ^tii»
ezing, ^or^. ^jj^le ^tis.
gger, snicker, t^. See Laagh, Laugh at.
p, V. (cat with scissors), ^^ kaas,
ie Cat.— A snip (cut), ^JaS kata^;
i small piece), <ula3 ^lY^a^ See Share.
0 go snips, <Ua>. ^ jL« «ar lako hissah.
30 Partake. [See Nose.
:e, f;. (blow the nose), ksT* maJE;Aa^.
'^el, i>lsr^ mukhaU See Mucus,
re, V, jss*^ shakhar,
', (mucus), \o\s^ tnukhdt.
w, ^ talj (pi. -.^ Mnj),
Wj V. *^ J^ ^^r talj.
F-cellar, *. ^Jsr^ maUajat,
), f7. See Check, Beprimand.
F (powdered tobacco), ij^yji &»*•
^i, ^^x«d sa^ut. The snuff of a
idle, ^%L.".gl< (jMit^ rd« al/iUUah.
F, F. (a candle), ALsiJl ^_^ ihirtfi^
Snuff-box, <• t^JiMi iJ.^ ^if/^a^ n*^il^.
Snuffers, JulaJLI] ^\jJLt mikrdd a$h-
Snuffle,!?, (speak through the mm),^jssi£^
So* (in like manner )» 6^ hinaw^, Ijb^
^yi\ hihaa annaw^; (in this maimer),
\jjSjb hakasd; (so that), ^\ c^ U-
naw^ an, ^j:^ hatU^, ^ Jlc ^aU
an. So so (indifferently), J Jcjt^aLp*^
hiwajhin mU'^tadtl, \i^f^ ^mutauHUBiL
So and so (in this manner), \^^\d^
kaad wa kaed, Mr. So and so (a man),
^1» fiildn. Tell him who is oppressed
with anxiety, that anxiety will not last; as
happiness paaseth away, so passeth eyery
anxiety, Ufc ^\ UA J-*^ [j^ cP
Soak, V. (macerate), waJ naka^ To
soak in, ^Jj baia^.
Soaked, ^^^^^ mankn^. A ressel in
which anything is soaked, wa:m« man'
ka^. [^,j^\^ 9dh'anl,
Soap, f^^\^ sdhttn^ A soap boiler,
Sob, V, hXfJ tanahhad.
Sob, 8. Jl^ tanahhud. See Sigh.
Sober (temperate), t^jJ^\^ J^t 43uJbj
saAf<^ al aU washihurh; (not intoxi-
cated), (V^litf #AM. See Temperate,
Abstemious, Eegular; also Grave,
Serious, Calm.
Sober, r. ^JylJ|^ J^it JuJ^ ^Lk& ^ama*
kho Mhld al akl washskurb. To be-
come sober, ^jJ^^j Jii\ d^jj\^ sdr
%ahid al akl wailuhurb.
Soberly, *-^^^ J^U Jl Jcxl Jili bikal
i^iidal bil akl woihihurb, ^iJ J^
bikol kand^ah. See Temperately.
Soberneas, sobriety, ^jJl!i\^ Jii\ JJ^
62
SOI
(978)
SOL
fmkd id aid wuMlmrh^ AcUS hm&^.
See Temperanoe, Calmnees.
Sociable, aocial, c>^i».Li/» muidhib, ^jJtj
rafik. See Friendly. — A social meet-
Sociably, iLs^ J^ Utol mMat.
SooialnesB, iii\ ul/at, iyix, ^uhrti^ i^jsr^
muhabhat, uJlj\ iUilaf, c\s^\ ittih&d.
Society, i^^sf^ 9ukbaty ^U»-l^^ miMdAa-
httf ^J^J^ mtuhdrakat, i^\jJL iha-
rdlkU, iSjJ^ thurltat,i*ttj \y muwdnoiot,
ijJti\j^ mu^&fhartU. See Company,
Partnenhip, Union. — A religious so-
ciety, v..^Jb«X« moMhab, ^U^ t&yifaL
Then I enioyed the aociety of my oompanions
and frienoB, exceeding my former hahits,
JjJ\ ^j^ji\ 4 lis. LS-^U^\ iZJj^^
Sock, «• i^\jS^ jurdh.
Sodom (city of Lot), aj
Sodomia, ^Ij) lawdtatm
]o\^ launpdt, J^jl lutl.
Sofa, «• ^iLtf sofa.
Soft (not hard), *cl3 nd^m
ground, ^J^ mA/.
Soft, \*^}j rawayian. See Softly.
Soften, p. (make soft), ^ layyan, dLix
^ ^amalaho layyin; (to become less
hard), ^^;-liJ ialayyan, ^jliJLa sdr
layyin. [jjp^ midayyin.
Softener, «. (anything which softens),
Softness, i^yu na^mat, 4jL! laydnat.
See Mildness, Meekness, Civility, Ef-
feminacy, Pusillanimity.
Soho, \j yd.
»
Soil, V. ij"^ naff 09, ^^ J dannas. See
Pollute, Defile, Contaminate, Sully,
Stain ; aho To dung. Manure.
Soil (ground, earth), ^j\ ard; (land,
iodam.
Sodomita,
Soft
country), ^joj\ ard, jii IM '^
JL hildi), j\iJ diydr. See GoontiT
Begion.
Sojourn, 9. (dwellanywhere for a tim
M\scm^ iitakdm. A sojourn (tesp»
rary residence), ^^ mmru^, ^L'
Sojourner, ^LuM«flMw4;Sr. BeeStnsfc
Chiest, Traveller.
Solace, V. X^ iaUa\ Tocomfort,(»e
recreate, amuse. — (to take comfijrtf
amusement), ^<Lw tasaU^f ^J^ *)
farraj. See Divert or Eecreateoset:
Solace, LLyJ toiliyat, ^L*J imm,h.
tunhat, 'p-/^ iafarruj, li^ m/o. ><
Consolation, Comfort, Pleasure, I
creation.
Solaced, , JumC^ muUuaUf.
Solar (of the sun), ^t^Aia thaun; >'
longing to the sun), ^m^!i t^
Sold, ^L^-^ fiiM^a^, c^.^M«^ fluMj
Goods sold on condition of b@a^
turned if faulty, j\jU\JLs^ J^ «]
mukhayyar al hdtdr.
Soldan, ^^UaL* «ti//ait. See Saltis. '
Solder, ^LJ /i^dm. To solder, J
laham. See Cement, Mend. i
Soldered, (M^^ miiMiZfw.
Soldier, «. i^C^r. ^a«jbrf. 1 ^
soldier, J^Li.^ mii^drii, J-^r
tXibLsr^ mufdhid. See Hero,
Soldiers, ^Uuc ^Mdjt^, tA??' ^
Soldiery, iLyhf ^m^, ^Ju-^j*f^
Army, Troops, Soldiers.
Sole, J^ tnufrad, «x>
Single, Only.
Solecism, #• Uii ghalat.
\j fpsm
SOL
(97»)
SOL
oa innamd. See Singly.
[emn (grave), ^^ae, ^osim, JJi^-yo/l/.
lee Awfnl, Magnificent, Ghrand«
enmity (rite, lestiyal, rejoicing),. Juc
I J Vi fi ^i(? ^oKlin (pi. oUft A^y^i) ;
gravity, awfolness), h^ hayhat, J3^
mkdr. See Seriousness, Magnificence,
frandenr.
emnization, a, .. h r^J siib' ^osfm,
Lft««7 ta^ifid. See Commemoration,
Celebration.
emnize, «. JinL^:^ Juc (J4^ ^amo/
f J muA^tf/. See Celebrate.
^mnly (in the manner of a festival
Dmmemoration), ^jlrig^Jj hitikrin
%%lm ; (gravely, awfully), JLjb J^
{Z;o/ AayiaA, jli^ JC^ hihol toakdr.
Icit, V. ^ji*AS^\ iUamaSy ^x.J^\^^a£,
tmal ilhah ^ala\ See To importune,
atrcat, Ask,. Implore, Invite,
citation, ^^Lc]\ iltimds, ^Aaj tO"
nmei, JlJ\ tlhsh,. ^ taJdah. See
aportunity. Invitation, [mustad^i,
Ditor, «. j^^;m^«2L« muUatniSf
sitoQS, . Jm41^- mutamannlf JuLt irm-
yyad^ ^iif^ muA^am» See Careful,
ixious, Desirous.
jitooaly, /•Uublj liic! J^ lilol t^-
^G^ tra ihtimdm. See Anxiously,
refully.
i tilde (anxiety), aLcJ^^ thttmdmjjji
far 9 ^lIlaj MJ^i^^. See Anxiety, Care-
^W« munjamid; (firm, massive),
ffuiAn. See Compact, Firm,
. — (real, true, not superficial).
^JLi^ hiiMlkl, Jtj %dti. Of sc^d
judgment, i^\^\ ^}^\ oAl arrdy..
Solidness, solidity, iiLa ioldhat, X)ls^
matsnaL See Firmness, Compactness,
Hardness, Density. — (truth, certainty),
iL>A»^ haklkai.
Solidly (firmly,, massively),, ^^^p^ ^^yj
hinaw^n matin \ (truly), SaJl^-J^^
hikol haklkat, [xMyakitum, ^j^\l£>
^ah* al yaX^. See Certainly.
Solitarily, |«Jk^ ,J^ ^M wahdatin*
Solitariness (solitude), if^is^ khalwai. A
aolitude (lonely place), ij^^^ wahdat^
See Desert,. Privacy, Betirement.
Solitary, J^ii/* munfarid* 0 lion> who
hast deoeired thyself by thy pride, thoa hast
perished, and hast roused np ray grief for my
oeloved. Thou hast rendered me solitary, I
who was her companion, and made the bowels
of the earth, to be her ffrare where she is
pledged. I say to time, that has afflicted me
with her separation, Ood forbid that thou
shooldst show me a friend in her stead!
Solstice (of summer), ^U?^! ^j rat
oiBart&n. The winter solstice, ^^j
^^JLs:^1 rcL9 aljadU
Soluble(capableofbeingdissolved),^^^Ci^
(J^M mumkin al hal, J^^ yunhal.
SolubUity, J^t JL^ imk&n al hal.
Solve, V, (make clear), J^- hall, ^
hayyan. See Explain.
Solvency (ability to pay)> JU!\ li^^lC^l
tmkdn wafd al mdl.
Solvent (having ability to pay), qL^
9dyh. See Dissolvent.
Solution (dissolving), Jc^ hatt, Jltart
SOIC
<980)
soir
f"
inhiUil; (resolution of doabt <tr diffl-
culty), JCuu^l J»- hal al ihmMW.
SolutiTe, JfM*^ miMffAAtZ. See Laxative.
Some» ^Jafu b0fd* Some ooey somebody,
t^A^Min md, «x^\ ahhad. And tiiey
did not leaTe uiTidted a angle large city to
seek for food, Imt ther fouid it not; and
they returned to us with the wealth, alter a
long absence, ^^ \j>a^ VO^ (^^
• ••
Somehow, ley naw^an^
Something, somewhat, ,J^ tiWiy. See
Little. — (insomedegree), {cynaw^un;
(nearly), U[^ iakrihanp X^ ^md.
Sometime (onoe), ij^ tMrrtUan^ ij\j
tdratan, LvJlA.^ mukaddafiMH. See
Formerly,
Sometimes (now and then), ^1^)13^1 1^
ha^d al awkdt, UL>-1 thfdnan.
Somewhere, ^^1^\ ^^m ^Jfi ha^d^
mawddiy
t
^^
Somewbile, t« if
[Sometime, Once.
marraian md. See
Somnolency, ^^»^ na^M. See Drowsiness.
— How can she taste sleep who has lost somno-
lency, and is wakeM at night while others
repose ? She possessed riches, and family, and
glory ; but has become a stranger and solitary.
Fire and groaning are in her bosom, and
violent longing that &innot be exceeded.
Passion has gained dominion over her. She
moaneth for her sufferings ; but is firm. Her
state under the influence of lore telleth that
she is mourning and afflicted, and her tears
are witnesses! ^^ /^y^\ J^Oj i^-i;^^
{^J^.
^*
^i^3
yj>j^yi
S4
ij^
*^U l^^\j L^^l <clc ^y *%J^
k-'tf
Somnolent, ^Um«J iM^tte SeeDnn
Son, f . ^ji\ ibn, jJ^ woXa^. The ei
son of a king, C^LJi\ ^\Smdm
The son of a nobleman, ^^ J^ i
nMhir, A legitimate son, Jl>^
f^fi hai&L An illegitimate son, Ij.
tt^aW Btiid. See Bastard.— A sop^
ititious son, 4/«^ir^ «>!^ tM^nimi^
An adopted son, ^JLjJI jJ^ iMils^^<
doMiiI. An only son, Ju^-^ x% ^
wahld, Saeh a one the son of s&i
one, ^Jli JtS^ ^Jli faidn waUd i^'i
Sons, j)^1 awldd. The sonsofAis
i%Jl ^^ §ant ddWm. Tbeso&soflnj
JjI^^ lT^ ^^ MrayiZ. The Ai
^1 ti^ 'a son' (like l:^ li^-
daughter,' y\ ahu, a fisither,* « '-^
' a mother*), is employed with efcftf
in many compounds; as, j^r'^i
ihn OBsMl^ ' the eon of the vij |
traveller) ; ^joJi\ ^t Unalarii
son of the earth' (a person unkxi^
Son-in law, «. j^ tdhr. 8oo3-i»*
il^\ M^dr. Alleging that it I
made a cn?enant with God byoit'i.
would take as his son-in-lav vsu
artificer. Fate doomed to mj cad
disaster thnt this great deceiver sod ci.d
to my fttiher's house, and swore •-
people that he fulfilled this condit-'i
tending that his business ▼»» \
pearls und selling them for the hub ^'*
•
dirhems, ^^ *1-1^ J^l^ ^i^
SOP
(981)
SOB
-«'
ong, $, Lc ffhind, A faneral song, ^^
marsiyat (pi. iy|/« OMirdfl).
3nnet, », J^ ghcuuil. {n&n.
morons, BoniferooSy sonorific^ ^j ran^
moroQsiieBSy ^^^ tanln, aJj rannat.
sttr^, ^j^ san^. Soon fading, ^^
J Up t MTl^ aauuDdl. Then we loaded
ten camels with presents and marched forward ;
but soon there appeared a cloud of dost, which
arose and spread nntil it filled the air before ns,
oty j\^ »awdd,j\ysf^ ihuhwdr. See
Sooty.
oth, r. J^ maUak, ^ lajfjfan^ *^*^
\adda\ See Flatter, Mollify, Calm, Soften. —
^nd she sent to her, and made peace with her,
ind soothed her mind^ and said to her, I desire
x> go into the garden, to amuse myself with the
o^t of its trees and firoits, and that mj
leart (breast) maybe elated by its flowers!
itJ^W ^j:^^ Ifs^JU^ y \ vjU-i^U
>ther, j;L«^ mimMik,
itbsay, «. JU Si^ darckpih See
LU^or, P^^ct. [Aogor.
(thsayer, «. Jli c-->^^<^ thrrdh/dl. See
»ty» jy^^^ mmkahwar. See Black,
>ark, Doaky. [^tf;Vi».
^bi (king of Pisnia), Ma^\ sU <AdA 0/
tliism, sophistry, i^y^V Jl£ ^i/m
tta4a¥noaf, A soplust, tc^y^ ^fi*
^e Learned man.
tliisticatei sopbistioated (not gennine),
^ !/• intHOiffiffar. See Adulterated. — ^To
<ypliiaUcate (adulterate), j^j^J %aunoar.
Sophistication, ^/mJJ talbu,
Sophisticator, jijtj^ miatawwir.
Soporiferou8| soporific. See Somniferous.
Sorcerer, «• ^Li •(Mr. See Magician,
Enchanter, Necromancer.
Sorceress, h^\^ idhirah. See En-
chantress. [Kagic, Necromancy.
Sorcery, jo^ tihr* See Enchantment,
Sordid (coYctous), J^V ^^^* \j^^
ndki$. See Araricious. — (mean),^^«A»-
hal^, ^jj iAn. See Base, Vile.—
(dirty), ^jipaitiA.SeeNa8ty,SloTenly.
Sordidly (coTetously), i^a^.j ^t^ ^*
hiM iama^n tea hukhh See Avari-
ciously.—(meanly), if^U J^ ifjU>- JCj
hikd hakarai wa dandwat.
Sordidness (ooretousness), ^4^0 iama^;
(meanness), ^U». hahdrat\ (nasti-
ness), ^j watakh.
Sore (as a wound, etc.), ^jP^jarh, ^^^/^
mahruh\ (pained in mind), l^Jo^o^
muUanh. See Painful, Afflicted.
Sore, s. ^y karK See Wound, Ulcer.
Sore, sorely, 2r Jumj J^ J^ fttiiM alamin
washiddah. See Pisinfully, Yezatiously,
Violently.
Soreness (of a wound, etc.), ^j^- jurK
Sorrel (herb), ,joU>- hummdiy ^j^^^'^^
MttmnMyd*
Sorrily, ^^;*A>- i^^ ii f^^'Am ^Ir. See
Meanly, Poorly.
Sorriness, i^U^ hakdrat. See Meanness*
Sorrow, ^ fhrnn, J\ aiam. See Qrief,
Sadness, Mourning. — By the Mercifnl, I am
truly perplexed at my sad case. Sorrow and
affliction nave sorronnded me, and I knew it
not. Tet will I haTe patience, until patience
become weary of my patience! Yes, I wUl
have patience ontil God himself take my canse
into consideration. Hurt and wronged unjustly,
I will bear my sorrow without eyen complain-
ing. Nay, I will haye the same patience
80R
(982)
SOU
wbieli a man dying of thirst has in a borning
▼alley! I will have patience nntil patience
knows that I haTe endnred what is more bitter
than myrrh itself ! Nothine is eqnal in bitterness
to myrrh and patience ; ont more bitter than
both of them wonld it be to me if my patience
deserted me I The secrets of my heart iare ex-
pressed my most secret thonffhte, if the greatest
secret of &e heart is to make thy heart setUe
in mine. The mountains wonld sink, the fire
would die instantly, and the wind would never
blow, were they to -experience the suffering
of my heart! He who pretends that there is
pleasure and sweetness in this world must
without fiul expect to experience days more
bitter than myrrh itself, ^J^^ ^^jiP^
'^jjA\Jt^ ^Sj *^\ ^>
*jr^\ ^:y^ j^^ ^f^i i:r*
Sorrowful, ^y^*^ maghmum,^^ TwiAn.
See Sad, Mournful. — I then returned to my
house sorrowful^ and I fell upon my bed, full
of anxious thoughts; and my female slaves
came in to me, and seated themselTes around
me, not blowing what was the matter with me,
Jstjj "Uy^^ trlr^^ ^ "^-^'J!?
i:;!/^ f^J s^^ li^^ s£/W J^
Sorry (meam), jJ^ haklr. See Vile,
Worthless,
^ort (kind, species), {j^^^jtM, c y noM^,
s^MsJ kiam; (quality )| LJl^ ka^nfyat, i^
nfat, ijbU w^H^tf^- (msnmr), i^J
Ufajh, ]}\y^ minwal', (a daa), '^
tahakat (pL cl^U-t UMa£),
Sort, r. (separateintodaases), jl **
(arrange), t-^j ratUih ; (to suit ore
rate, Agree.
Sortment, f. (sorted pared of anyfe
JU? UJthmy 1a2o tabakai.
Sovereign (supreme in power),^«^
^^^mvOah. See Snprcme, AIiboIe
Sovereign, #. ^^liaL» mUan, CS^*^-
See King.
Sovereignty, JlUs-il utMal, i)^^
rat, L»\ij ritfdsaty !•/>. W**
See Dominion, Supremacy.
•Sought {part, of seek), s-?jil** **-
Soul, s. ^jJii nafs (pi. ^^\ ai^M^
nufas). My dear soui, ^j;*.
rawhl. Possessing a soul, ^ j; ^ •
rawh. Flee with thy life if thou Bwefesj
oppression, and leave tiie bouse to ^
bmlder's fete. Thou wilt find, ftr te '
that thou quittest, another: butnofi*^^
thou find to veplaoe thine awn,^
0^
Adam, how ignorant art thou in the y^^
dulgence of hope, and how unmindftl & ^
^f the arrival of the predestiiwd pff ^
death. Knowest thou not that <iei|i^
oaOed for thee and baa advanced to s^'
sonl? J^ Cl^lLp-^ ^ C^'^^'
day I entered htff apartment nstvs^
found her weeing, and heaid ke: ^-
What makes thee hide thy face ft«a f ^ ^
0 thott who art the delight of my ktet ■ ■
to me, 0 my soul ; converse witk e- ,
beloved. And then she began to J^
sou
(983)
SPA
following Tenee .... /t\ji\ ^^ ^^
iv]leBB,^^Uldrawh. See SpiriUeas.
(und (healthy), JLi Mm ; (right, not
erroneous), ^^^^ tahlh; (free from
blemish), K^^mcl) bild ^affb.
und, 9. (anything audible), «JL>^ Mwi,
1^^ lahn. See Voice, Koise, Clamour,
etc. — And he heard in that place the melodious
soands of Btrinj^ instrnmenti, witii the late
tmong then, and mirtk-ezciting Toices, and
varieties of distinct recitations.
hyf^ c\Jmj\ ^WI^ f{j^
und, V. fJi^ya iowwat,
andly (healthily), ^U^ is:^ JC> hikol
lahhat tea ^fiyak. See Lustily, Stoutly,
Stfongly. — (truly), <iflgA>- J^ liM
iaBkat, Sis^ JL) hikol 8aKhat,^\^^^
— it
andnesa (fiiultlessness), 4^^ iohhat;
health), Li\c ^afiyat\ (truth), ^aJlb^
aJtliatj fj^- hakkf i^\xi^\ utikdnuU.
\ee Bectitude, Strength, Solidity.
ip, ^jy^ $horhd.
Lr> (.^^U- hdmmd. See Acid, Sharp.
ir, V. (make sour), ^^o^^^^ hmnmad;
to be or grow sour), ^^/U^^ hemed,
irce, ^}^\ Oil, jtXa^ masdar, Iju^
labdd. See Beginning, Commencement,
Origin, Boot — (fountain), ^j^ ^ayii,
manha^f '^J nab^, t^^ yon^ft^.
Spring.
tIj (with acidity), i^yA>- J^ Ukol
\^miidat. Bee Morosely, Peeyishly.
Sourness (of taste), ^y^^ kumndat;
(of temper), JisSJ\ X^jU- hdddiiyat
aHakhidh, See Moroeeness, Peevishness.
South, «.(^^;^/ii»ft&. South (southern),
iriy^ jonubl. The south wind, ^^
_jy^ rlh janvM. The south pole,
.y^ 1^^^ latb jannM. The
southern shore, c^y..y! ^b^^^ ^^~
Aiya^ aljannb. The southern quarter,
Cyy>.Jl uJyt iarafaljanllb (pi. uJ]^!
c^y^ 1 atrdfaljanub) . And when the
King saw thia lion, he made sore of deetniotion,
and torning his face towards the south, he
pronounced the two professions of the faith,
and prepared for death, C^^ (^|^U]i
LL^y^ JjC^it^ tXfuJ^
Southernwood (plant), (^y^ kayiUm.
Sow, «. d^J^*^ khansHrsh.
Sow, r. (seed), ft;j sor a^.
Sower, «• 6j\j s^rt^f ^/aUdh, See
Husbandman, Farmer.
Sown, 9jjj^ manu^. Sown seed, cj J
'^t (P^* L?/i s«ril^)« A sown fleld,
Space (local extension), ^Uuij imm^o/,
£j£*^ fatkat, iilm^ moidfat, ^^^Li #d-
^«A, ^t ju^ «ifi(3ii. A space of time,
gs^ muddai, A long space of time,
^ at
^1^1 iiir^i^ mtn oauuikln. A short
space of time, JJui ^U) samdn kohl.
A space or interyal, JciLu^ mMd/a^,
^ bayn.
Spacious, w^iii^ tffMi^, w^tji9d#t^, (,/a>^
^aridf ,^uuJ /mIA. See Wide, Open,
Eztensiye.
Spaciousness, ^^^s^ fathat, Aa»ij upm^.
8PE
(984)
£FE
Span, 9. jJ^ Mbr (pLjLl^ oihhdr).
Bhe then tud to him, 0 King of the Age,
blame not mj father fw that which he has
done. If the meaanre of thy love for me be
ft span, that of my Ioto for thee ia a cubit,
j^lyJ J^jl\ klO. b 4l cuJls ^
J
SpaUi t^.jf^Jlj ^jjj ids hUhikibr. See
Measure. [Marcasite.
Spar, «. Iku^jt* mOirhiBhMd, See
Spare, ». (uae frugally), JJi ^ji^hharaj
hcM, y^ waffar ; (to show mercy), ^
^ samah ^an, ^ J^iA ihafak ^\
See To Pardon, Forgive, Exempt.
Spare (scarce), JJi kaM,ji\^j^ ghayr
wdfir. See Scanty, Parsimonious. —
(superfluous, not wanted), Jjjj tSyid,
j^ laf^T ; (lean), u-fi-aT naklf.
Sparing (parsimonious), J^oC i^^^^;
(scarce, little), JJi hM.
Sparingly (firugally), j^^ J6 Ixkol
iauffir; (not abundantly), LU LI3
kahlan kaUlan; (with abstinence),
e\::i^tj cUaAJl J^ itkol inhitd^ wa
imtind^ {Mhar&rah.
Spark, *. (of fire), XjAJ^jamrah, ifj\jA
Sparkle, «. ^J hm^. See Spark.
Sparkle, i?. (shine, glitter), ^^ /0f»0^ ;
(to emit sparks), ^^ j\jJS^\ jlt idr
aahshardr mm. [lama^dn.
Sparkling, |Nir^. and«4^'. ^U^] J^ htkol
Sparrow, «. j^^^oa ^fl^r (fem. ij^t^as.
Spasm, «• i,,^^waxll )j:J\ t7^urd a/ ^ah,
^A7 (a«^anMt{;. See Cramp.
Spasmodic, ^asXtuj tath^nntffi.
Speak, V. Ji^ takallam. To speak to
"ne's-self, aIU. j-^ Ji; takMam ma^
kaUhi. See Say, Tell, Oonnw,m:%.
course. Utter, Mention, Pronounce, Hsmr«.
Address, Accost, Proclaim, Cdehnit-sp-s
not with the tongue of enmity, nw tal«:i
its eye ; but fulfil the coTcnant of B.*::
befive the time for diaooTeciag aicK^fi-
have passed, i^\^\ J*^ J<A J-
*^*' ^^9 Jy * ^-^^ fe«^*^^-
Speakable (proper to be Bpotoi),^>i
ywikdU ; (possible to be sputa
Atfib' ^tfwii»»; (luiTing thepow
speech), ^U nd^iil.
Speaker, «. J^ muiakaUim, ^^
Speaking, j?flr<. Jl^ »i«<fl*«Cis, ^i
Spear, s. ijj^ harha (pi. t-^^^iH*
f^j rumh (pi. ^U;< orwaA, ^»4 ^
»»5*). A short spear, j\jj^ »^'^
To brandish (o^ to pierce wi^
spear, ^J\i t-y^ darab himmk
Spearman, ^\j rdmt\ ^U. r^^a^
Spear-maker, ^U; ^U ttfai^r*^'
Spearmint, ^i« na^fio^. Bee IObI
Special (particular, peculiar), ^f^
makhsHi, ^\^ khds. See Speeic
(excellent,supreme), J-«lj/dW^.^
»A<irf/. See Extraordinary,UBCoiD9fl
Specially,^U^-ia:i^ khu9u$a», Ur^J ^
Particularly, Peculiarly, Specifial •
Specialty, speciality, ^L^y^<- tt«^
Pecidiarity.
Species, u-ii-^ ««/, CL^U ««<, if «*
(pi. ^lyl tf»W5^), ij^s^^j^^
(jm\:^\ qfnda). Species md fi^
SPE
(985)
SPE
the eame species, fj^x^^ (3^ fard /mm.
Men or animals of the species, Ji^\
^m \^v\ awidd td jtM. Bifferent
species, dghy^ ^ju\:^\ <tjnd$ mukh'
tali/ah. See Sort, Kind; Show, Ap-
pearance.
pecific, iT^y naw^, ^m^-xj^- /wwI,
^yAs^ tnakhsiU, See Special,
pecifically, ^J-^^ ^j^ i^-y, W-
toajhin sharhl tea tafalli, iJ^}^9y^,
bmauf^m toasfl.
peciBcation, Ji*.^; tafill^ t^J^c^ woif.
pecify, V. j^ ^yan, ^ layyan,
4J;m<3aJ^ ^jJ^^}a£\ a^ aharhwatafiiL
[>ecified, ^j-i^Jf^ mu^yan, c f ^ <tj ^
fnawiUf.
pecimen, «. dj.ur ^ayniyat.
>ecioas, ^^ mughir, Jo yuyhtr, Hjya
surah, ^,^0^ musanna^. See Plausible,
Showy, Superficial
^ciously, J Wl^Uaj hi zdhir al hdL
^ecioosness^ Jlsit ^JbU? ndhir al hdL
«ck, «. iieJo nuktah, [Speckle.
eck, V. IiaJ y^A£> ^amdlnukat. See Spot,
eckle, «. See Speck. — To speckle,
.LuLJ Zaij ^Jlc fj4b^ ^omo/ ^alayki
tuitat nUhdn, XjAJ Jaa ^amalnumra.
lee Spot. [y*'^*^ mtmajniiMr.
Bckled, bA;^^ mtuMUo^, h^k^ tnankut,
3ctaole, i. (show), jli:^^ numMor*
^ctades (to assist the sight), CL^Lj^
utoayndt, ^:l:\j\iqj naudrdi.
»otator, $,j0\j ndwir (pi. jl^ nwudr),
j^\ji*j* muihdhid,
N3tre, «. Jl^ ihaydl (pL c^HUc;.
fkagfdldt), uJjl^ ^y(f, (-XI9 ^XA
oulate, t;. (consider attentively), j^
i#tf frtMT, J^*\J iaammal ; (in trade),
See Meditate, Consider, Bcfleot
Speculation, 43»-]t« mtddhoMak, ^U^t
tpiculdMlane. See Contemplation.*-^
(scheme, plan), Juaa^ maksadf Xai
iasd, fjOjjc, yharad. Speculation, of
mysterious or ideal things, Jl^b JU^
ikhaydl hdtU.
Speculative (given to speculation), l^^j^
^^.^i^Va^ darrdh takhdmln; (ideal),
Jlicu mutalhayyil, ^Uf^ iMydfi,
^^.^iJ^j toahml, Lfj^ nanari. See
Yisionary. — The speculative sciences,
4£yjt^ i^j\ju$ ma^rif ma^wiyak.
Speculatively (with contemplation), Jw
4j^*ljj ^\i*wl^ 3iib/ mtddhasat wa
taammul, jyojJCi hihl toMwumr;
(ideally), ^<^tJt>^ i^^. hiwafhiu tDohna,
Speculator, $. (one who contemplates),
la>-Lf mtddhn ; (a schemer), w«>-L0
jdAi^ yharad. See Projector.
Speech (language), ^U /lifdfi, JLjtJ
hyluU, lai! /<i/i(; (a harangue), ^^
kaldm, uJiar^ khitdb. A part of
speech (in grammar), liaSi lafiuU, Z^
hdlimat. Slow of speech, ^K!1 ,iai
3a^I al kaldm, [See Dumb.
Speechless, ^/m^I akhraa, jjL\ ahkam.
Speed, ^v. (move with celerity), J.^as***'!
iita^alf iS^ J,<4£ ^0010/ ^ajalah, ^ ^mi)
Mra^. See Hasten. — (to cause to
make haste), J^ t^JH^'
Speed (quickness, celerity), Ic^ tur^ai,
aLb^ ^ajalah, Jjs^ ^aj'al. See Haste,
Expedition, Despatch, Success.
Speedily, JjjiB^^^fi^ J^ ^'ib{j«r^a^*ii
SPI
(986)
8FI
¥Hi ta^V, J-.f^l to-^ ^Jlc ^aU wqfh
aita^, \mj^ Marfan, ^j***i hisur^L
8peediii6fl8| ix^j^ mtr^iU, Amr ^t^'alah.
See Speed.
Speedy, ^^ Mri^, ^jm^ mmm^,
fjys^^aflLl. See Quick, Swift, Nimble.
Spell, $.jSf^ ithr (pi. of epeUf f^\je. ^atd-
ym). To spell. See Chann, Enchant.
Spell, V, (name the letters singly when
reading), ,cf^ tahajfa* ; (use proper
letters in writing), 1U)\ isf^. ^-^
^to^ hi sahhat al mid.
Spelling, 9. (ortiiography), ]Ut mid.
Spend, V. (oonsame, waste), cJ^ saraf,
'T j^ i^^'t (^-B^ ialaf. To spend
money, ^^ kharaf, uJ^ mto/.
Spender, >. uJ^..^^ mumf.
Spendthrift, f^jL^ muUtf.
Spent, t^^j^a^ nuurUf.
Sperm, 4jiaj natfot, 5^ shahwiU.
Sphacelus. See Ganglrene.
Sphere, s. (globe), gj kurrah, i^ kur-
rat, AjP^ jirm. The odestiai sphere,
clXlilt i^ kurrat alfalak.
Spherical, spheric, jjJ^ mudawwar. See
Circular, Bound, Planetary.
Spherically, »J]\ Ji^ misl al hurrah.
Spheriealness, ^jOJ tadwir. See Bound-
ness.
Spherule, #. gjJiia if hurrah saghHrah.
Sphinx, yj^\^\ ohm al hawla\
Spice, spiceries, czjl^l^ hahdrdt.
Spice, V. JIj tablal, Jili ^j raahfulJU.
See Season.
Spider, «. iZJ^S:^ ^nhabut. A spider'a
web, d^^JojiII ^^ n^' oZ ^nhahut
Spike, ^Ua**-« mismdr^j^^ *ayyilr ; (of
corn), ^ ^ Lf>,i sunhulat hamh. See
Ear of com. — ^To spike (finteL^
long nails), ^«4u«*^ matmar.
Spikenard, ^^X^^^fi^nnbdhui^^
<^ >jVlH ftmiM ff^?^, ^;£^l^ Mf^
Spill, 0. L.;.^ Mi. See Shed.-Tei^
or be spilt, c^^t onJbl. Tofl
bloody ^jJl vl^Aw «(/kib
Spilt, c-JVud^ mM&fli.
Spin, i;. ^Ji ^hatal. To spin oat, Ji^
taunoal. See Prolong, Protnet-Il
spin out a discourse, ^ifll J J? <«»'
a/ haldm.
Spinach, f^^\ uhdnthh.
Spinal (belonging to the back-bone)
/'ir *
^^1 JUuJu yahhus MUaUi esstk.
Spine, CjJup jw^, ^^1 J^ iilflr« «
saAr. See Backbone.
Spindle, t. (for spinning), ^}Ji^ ^^
(pi. JjU/t mayAdstT).
Spinner, «. JUc ghaaasdL
Spinning, «. Jji yAosJ.
Spiracle, «. (breathing-hole), ^jtM
ffkm/M (pi. (yMSU^ moiia/i), ^.*^
m«AtCH3yaA (pi. {JlAA^^ wutk^
Spire, «. 2r^l«^ mmdrak. SeeSti^
Pyramid.
Spirit (soul), - jj rawh or f*A,* (bni:^
(juuij no^; (magnanimity), ^^*^
fna^, AcLk-^ shi^'d^at, i*^^ j^
(habit, temperament, constitotES
jJb tah^, iu-L Mi^, ^}* ^
See Disposition. — (genius, wit;, i;
SijJ^\ Hwat al mudrihat. The I'
Spirit, (jkwAfill ^^j rawh orrukdt
du8. The vital spirit^ »L^t ^«; ^
aZ haydh. The animal spirits, ^'
4jt^^') arrawh al haywani. ^f
(activity, briskness), I^UJinmU/- ^
Sprightliness.— (essence), *^^
SPI
(987)
SPL
tutah. The spirit of vitriol, rx}^
^1 arrawh at <mam, ^,j mh.
The spirit of tatty, \jfi\^^j rtlA
aiiutiffd. Spirit or spirituoaBliqaon,
^^•^ khamr, ^jC ^ak, c-?]^ ihardbf
iL«u« muiUr, A spirit (apparition),
JL:k khayal, i^J\> ULytf. See Ghost,
Spectre, Hobgoblin, l)emon.-<— A man
of spirit, (Ja£ Uy^*v-U idhib ^M» A
broken spirit, j|^aJL« ^^-^^ MbmatsUr,
j-jlji^
ib/S mutawddi
L-
See
See
)irit, V. i*\f^ lJ^ *t^' jaraat
Animate, Encourage.
)irited, jy**>' J^Hr, ^jP^ jarl
Bold, Sraye, Coorageons.
»iritedness, SM^ytfroa^. See Courage,
Spirit, Boldness, Bravery. [jabdn.
»iri tless (cowardly), JjJ nodi, (^U>-
tiritual, vi^jij nlAdnl,(JLyij no/vdiii.
3ee Immaterial, Incorporeal, Intel-
lectual; Holy, Heayenly.
irituality, ^l».j^ rUhdmyatf Lj[mJu
ta/sdniyat, \hdni.
[ritualize, (Jl>-jj dJuA^f ^amalaho rit-
[ritually,(Jl>-j^ j:>-^ &i«?ig''AtnrflAdni.
[ritaous, fj>^^j ruhdnl; (ardent, ac-
ive), LmJ nushet.
ssitade. See Thickness, Grossness.
t, 9. (for roasting), J^ tlkh,
t, V, (eject from the mouth), Jh^
isak. To spit at, ^Jlfi ^J^aJ hasah ^ala\
te, Ja>- hakd. See Hatred, Halevo-
moe. — In spite of, \«Xib J^ wt ma^ hoi
99&. See Notwithstanding.
;e, 9. (treat malkioualy), ^IC J^i^
r«9sa/ ikiifcd^A. See Vex, Thwart.
;efQl, J^A>- A<Mhii. See Malicious.
efully, ^IC^ tjkA>. AoiUmtM via-
Spitefulness, 4Xa>> ^ib^. See Spite.
Spitted (as meat), .^VmJU (^yA*a^ mad*
mUm hmlkh.
Spittle, jldf husdk, jUj ^di&, j|ji 3ii-
sdi^, Ji; ^tf^; (before ejected), ^^j rlk.
Spleen, «. (milt), JUr^ ^lAd/; (melan-
choly), l<jy« sawdd. See Spite. — A
disease in the spleen, Jl^ ^«Ad/.
Spleenful, splenetic, (.»Jj.ar yhadub. See
Fretful, Peevish, Spiteful.
Splendid, jAp^jahl,j:>^^/akhir,ja^iiu9
muftakhar. See Glorious, Magnificent, Showy,
Suraptnoni, Resplendent. — 'Vhy shape is en-
ticing, and thine eye like the angers, and thy
fiaoe drippeth with the water of beauty, thou
appearest in my eje most gloriously pictured,
half of thee is or ruby, a third oi jewels, a
fifth of musk, and a sixth of ambergris ; thou
resemblest fine pearl, nay, thou act more
splendid, *j^t ^^^J^i \J^ clC«ty
(^^,
J,.J\
z^\*
Splendidly, Jlb^-^^^ J^ htkolfakhrin
wajMl.
Splendour, J^ joldl, J^^\ tftikhdr.
SeeOlory, Magnificence, Pomp,13ump-
tuousness.
Splinter, «. tisJit $MJtfah. See Fragment.
Splinter, v, (shiver), ciLl i^mJ^ SjLS
kai9araho8hukafshuiaf; (to be shivered),
1 00 A I o 5 *. iiiCj JakMuw ihukofihu-
ib/. See Split.
Split, 9. Jh^ f^oit, ^ ia^^', Jyfi>- kharak.
See Slit, Crack, Divide. — (to be ^lit),
^^V\ ifiba^jf f^J!uj\ ifuhak.
Split, |Mr^. fjAJS*^ muihakkak, jmJ^ mu'
kauoTf Jjj^ makhrUk, |V^^ ''**''^
SPO
(988)
8PB
Splatter. See Tamolty Bustle.
Spoil, •. (injure), i^y>- kharai, f^
tuua^ ; (lay waste, plunder), Sj\£ J.«bC
^amal ffh&ra, uju J^f ^mnal ya^hmd,
Cy^Li salab. See Plunder, Bob. — (to
eormpt), Jumj\ mfiad. See Mar, Deso-
late, Bestroj.
Spoil, ^U^ ffhanlmah, ifj\i ghdrah^
See Plunder.
Spoils, aJ Lp ghoH&ym* See CorruptioiL
Spoiler (destroyer), *--^/«^ mwiAriJ.
See Bobber, Plunderer, Mairer.
Spoilful. See Wasteful, Bapacious.
Spoilt (injured), c^^^ makhr^l \ (eor-
rupted), Jyui^ mafi^d.
Spoken {pairL of speak), Jl^cl^ nmt-
hdUam. See Speak. [Speaker.
Spokesman, «. JicL« mutkalHm* See
Spoliation. See Bobbery, Privation.
Sponge, .jf^l H/^^'i ^Lscvi^)! itfinjah.
Sponge, f . (wet with a sponge), i^JJ
dL^i^lb naddd^ Id isfinjah ; (to wipe
out with a sponge), ^bsrUMdib l^MjJ
fuuhBhaf lU Ufinjahn
Sponginess, ^^iJi\ L^^l^ hk&9%yat al
ufinjf ^j^vLri!!! ^t« mdhiyat al wfinf.
Spongy, ,0fJuii\ Jl^ «iM^ a^ h;^^'*
Spontaneous, i/^lt^^f tlA%4rS, UlJ ^^
^Lma} mm ^«/^d fia/«tA». See Toluntary.
Spontaneously, iJj\j\) hi trddaiiM.
Spontaneousness, jLiLfLl ikhfiyar.
Spoon, ». S^s^ju* ma^aka.
Sport, Lji lu^aL See Play, Pastime,
Diversion, Frolic. — (contemptuous
mirth), ifjai"*^ nuukhara; (hunting,
fishing, fowling), Ju«0 sayd.
Sport, V, c^ le^h, ^Jlj tahhha\ And
the paMengen irereaHGmbledtoattidi^
and play and sport; but whfle ve va%^
eogaged, lo, the maatcr of the ship edHtc
with hie loudest voiee, ki
J^.
s-^j y^3 "^j^^ J^ J^ ^'4
Sportful, sportive. See Playfnl, liar
Gay, Frolic.
Spot, *. (mark), ^b daghy JU M\ i
stain), ^ hJtkeh, djd> hut^g ; (stie:
disgrace), c-^^ ^tfy* (pi. M;r i^
yiLh) ; (place), (i;^ «#ia«. Ati^
spot on the forehead of a hone, i^
sMm, JLbkUAl, i}^gkimh. Cfe:^
spot, J\J\ ^ fll Ul^^H^ i^
See Immediately.
Spot, «. (mark with spots), is::^^ ^
^aUamaho htnukM.
Spotless (free from spots), A^ijU»
hihi lakiah; (free firom repr(^
l^L.^.^1 Id ^0yh flki, jXc tii'
_a3 fMi(!. See Pure.
Spotted, spotty (stamed),^^!^^
Spouse, «. -.j[j nit^'(fem. ^*jMiw*
(jM^jC' ^rus. See Husband, FiiJ
Spousal, -gCj/J towi/. See Xtipfc
Spoused. See Married. [Mania^
Spouseless^ -.jj lb 5ti^ soie;.
Spout, 8. (mouth or lip of a vesseF. ^
_mJ\ <A«)^a^ M^^y ; (mouth of a p?
er vessel), ^^1 (^/^ oMff. ^
Pipe, Siphon. — A spout or guttef ^
conveying water, ^-^)/^ nytei ?
S-ejW »iayd«l3). [■*»
Spout, «. (as water from a fountaiB^/
Sprain, $. ^Lkr\ nMOd^. To i^
(the arm, leg, hand, foot), ^1^'
khala^. See Twist; To diskest^
SF&
<989)
SPU
.rained, ^Jcu« mtmkhali^,
mtm/ak. [than.
rat, t. ^^Jb« M)>t>Vd MfA» mudakh-
read, v, «X« tnoii, ^jifaroBh, kw
^a^ See £xtend, Stretch. — (to
scatter, ddSa9e),juJ naahar. See Strew,
—(to publi8h),yuJ noihar, c\j^\ (uhd^^
^^f^A^ ^duc ^«iikii(S^ ffUMMiir ; (to be
expanded •r stretched), t^MM^tyLp «£r
vtadtfti^, ^jl/^j^ *^ mafir^Lth. To
ipread the wings, l;>\^ LmJ ^mo^
'ondhaho. To spread on the ground,
joJi\ ^Lfi fitroih ^ala* al ard.
read (extent, compass), j\ Ja/«t imtid&d,
V« madd; (expansion), kuj 3a«^. Spread
[as a carpet), i/^^J^ nutfrAsk; (dif-
\ised),^jujj^ MMn^M^tfr; (published),
i^^jM^ mashh^r. A spreader, LyL^
nubassit. A spreader of carpets, etc.,
JL|^ farrdtk,
rigbtliness, tLuuJf mhisdi, ^yfarah,
»LuJ nashdt, JLsf^ lahjat, -^lfj|^^^^
wrur tra ibtihdj. See Briskness, Cheer-
ulness. Gaiety, Liveliness, Vivacity. —
?he sprightliness of youth, (.^LmJI^IuJ
uahdl ashshahdb. In the day of spright-
iness and joy, LIaJI^ rj^^ (•k^ sj
t ayydm al fardh wal nashdt.
ightly, kiJ nta^t^, yj^>j^ farhdn^
^j***^ manrur. See Brisk, Gay, Airy,
lively. — In a sprightly manner, ^y
u-'» biwajhin tMshU,
ing (season), (rr^j raM^ ; (issue of
rater, founUin), ^^ ^ay« (pi. ^^
)1. ^^LjytffiaM^). See Jet d'eau,
3urce, Origin, Beginning. — (a leap,
bound), ^ na^^. I also landed upon
the iflland with the rest, and sat by a spring
of pure water among the trees, jL:>,iLi
Hasp- ^ ^ji.j4^ L5^^ cJ.^ C^J
Spring, V. (as water), ^J naha^ To
q[>ring up, or appear,^^ »i^r, ^!h
ieU^. See Bise, Arise. — (to ^ring up
as plants), c:^ ndbat See Grow. —
(to leap, bound), ]aj nat,jij la/az. To
spring upon (attack suddenly), mjs^
Jlc hajam ^ala\ To spring from a
cause or motive, ^jXa sadar min.
To spring a mine, i>,.<%5) nakab.
Sprinkle, v. ^^ ra$h. To sprinkle a
house with water, u:.>%>J\ ^J^ rat^ al
hayt. To sprinkle with sugar, ^j
iL» tmA sukkar. See Scatter, Dis-
perse. Shed, Strew, Sow, Spill«
Sprinkled, ^y^f marshUsh,
Sprit. See Sprout.
Sprite. See Spirit, Demon. [Grow.
Sprout, V. i^>^0j nahat See Spring up,
Sprout, *. ^jS farkh, c j3 fir^.
Spruce (neat, trim), ^— A£^ f^rlf,
Spruceness, i5\^ tardfat, [wazard/at.
Sprucely, ^^^^ ^Ua! J^ hikol latdfat
Spue, V. f^ natak, iya^\ ittafragh.
See Yomit.
Spume, «. See Froth.
Spunge. See Sponge.
Spur, «. jUf« m%hmd% (pi. J^lf« mahd"
mfs). The spur of a cock, CSi^\Jia
wifr addlk. To spur a horse, ^Las^I UJh
hama% al htsdn, ^\^a^\ js^ nahar al
hisdn. See Instigate, Incite, Urge,
Drive, Goad.
Spurge, j^ji farfor.
SQir
(990)
STA
SparioQB (not genuine), i)l£« mttkaOad,
i_Jj ka^. See False, Counterfeit —
(illegitimate), (^\;^ hardm. A sporiona
BOD, \jj jJ^ walad %tnd, See Baatard.
Spurn, V. (kick), LJ lahat; (to reject
with coiitempt)> csLt shalaf, _mJ1 Jj
ij \jb\ JiCj radaMhay htkol thdnat, ^\jb\
ahdn. See Scorn. [Scorn.
Spnm. See Kick ; InBolenoe, Cbntempt,
Spnrrer, s. (one who spurs), jUf«!b^U
ndhir lU mihmdt. A spurrier or ^ur-
maker, J«^lf« uL^ idni^mahdmlt.
Sputter, V, (throw out spittle, etc., when
speaking, etc.), ti\^ ci tJ^J^ taroihfl
hudkihi. See Spurt.
Spy, i. {jsiyJ^jOi^ (pi. {j^j>-ja'
wdAB), A spy over the private actions
of others, ,<^\^ wdthl (fern. ^L^lj
wdshiyah, pi. i\J^^ wushdh). See In-
former, Whisperer. — To play the spy,
^jtJLsf^ tajdssaSf ^yA^- ^^as. ^mal
jdsHs. To spy or discover hy the
eye at a distance, Joj mauar. See See.
Spying-glass, «• tj^ nasadrahm
Squab (stuffed cushion), ifJ^s^ muJthad'
dah. See Cushion. — (short of stature
and thick), i^\^\ f y^ marhu^ al
kdmah, t}ji\j^^ katlr al had. See
Clumsy, Awkward.
Squabble, v. ^jU^ Jb4x ^amal tnund-
ta^ah. See Quarrel, Wrangle.
Squabble, s. JUcjLw^ tnundM^h, c\p
ni%d^. See Brawl, Quarrel.
Squabbler, dfjU^l f^-^"^^* muhth almu-
ndni^ah.
Squadron, «. (of horse), c!iU^ hd^k.
See Troop and Horse. — A squadron of
Mps, UjjjJ donanmd.
iC!-
Squall, 9. ^Jj Ml, c:jyg mnui
MiMffn*, his. ^ayyai.
Squall, 9, LLc ^iydt, aIj)^ wMd
i^^m'y^ naklh, ^Lscw Myhak. Asqa
of wind, ^j 45^ talklhai Hi
Squallbr, LIji^ mu^ayyii, tuc ^^'
Squander, i;. ^Uwilj) atUf mdkk
si\y\ uJ^ Mfisf amufdUhy (J*
MTof. See Waste, Spend.
Squandered. See Spemt
Squuiderer,<. See Spendthrift, Fhidi^
Square, ^,j^ ffttr«5&i^, \^nn% m
Square, #• (figure), ^,y J^ tkMm
rahla^. A square^ Imj^ ^^tt ki
mtcra^^a^oA. See Area, Court, Qai
rangle.
Square, «.^^ iL^ ^amdah^winik.
Squash, «• (sudden fall), alii Is f*^
Mfi&a^ ^tfitf' ghaflaK See Dash, Crs
Squat (short and thick), duUSUi^^
fnarla^dl kdmah. See Squab, Qm^
Sqneamishness, iyj nafrat, |1 j^ *
tikrdh, i*Sb^^ hardhiyat. <
Squeamishly, jyu JiCj htkol nufur, J
Ljb\ji htkol kardhiyatf \jb^ Lzrvii*
Squeeze, r. ^^az ^«, j^^as^ ^g$ar.
Press, Oppress, Crush, Harass.'
squeeze gently or tickle vitb
fingers), ^n^ar cM&of. [Fre&'i
Squeeze, A^ac ^iz««aA. SeeCompi
Squint, v, (look obliquely), ^1
hawal hdlaho. Squint-eyed, y-
dhwah See Oblique.
Squirrel, «. c^lssLi sif^'dh.
Stab, v.^fCic'b ^-^ <2tfr0& hH
Tj^ /tfrflA. See Pierce, Wocsi
Stab, tf. ^y=r /mtA, pTCVew AjJ
MiifUfar.
STA
(991)
STA
tability, j\J^ lar&r, lu hali, A\jii da-
wim cjL) ttiftSt.
•
table, «. (for horses, eto.)> JJa^l iitdbil,
ma-^dUf). [Fixed,
table, ur^l} sdhit. See Steady, Constant,
tack, 8. (of corn, hay, etc.), Lt^ kawmat.
^cte (gam of myrrh), iJUk^ may^ah.
Liquid stacte, ^JuLms K^n^^ may^h
sdytlah. See Storax.
;aff, i, ld£ ^Md. A bishop's pastoral
staff, ij^ ^kkdtah. A staff with a
hooked head, ^^^^ ehAgdn,
ag, 9. (male deer), Jtji ghaii&l. See
Buck, Deer.
age, B. (floor raised, on which any
show is exhibited), AiJ? tdbaHMh; (a
resting-place on a journey), Jj^^ ma»-
lal (pi* Jtl^^i^ mandst/), dl^^ mar-
halah ; (a step), ^^ J darafah,
%gger, V. {Jmjuj\ trta^ash, (j}\p to-
ahal, ^y>y tarajraj, ujb-j ni;V-
5ee Totter. — (to be struck with doubt),
j^^\ ^J^\ akhsataho al hlrah. See
hesitate.
ig^nant (motionless, not flowing), ^^i
^j\^ phayr jdrl, (^^\^ wdkif. Stag-
taut water, t^jiifj U ntd «;dA;(/l
gnate, v. ^^ ^ mdjara\ t*«fl5j {('a^i/.
gnation, stagnancy, t^^j^- /•J^ ^«-
atn jaraydn^ cJy^ f^M^/, ^t^^ /*Jic
%d€»m harakah.
in, «. ^Lw iu^&tf, ^■■'^jr ^ay3. See
pot. Blemish. — To stain, ^Jb hakkao.
?e Spot, Blot, Defile, Discolour, Dis-
d, CS/L* malkuk. [tdhir.
nless, v«^^^ ij\y§ tnd hiht ^ayh, y^lk
r, ^.Cstaircase), ^^J darqffJ^saUam.
The step of a stair, ^jJ darajah.
See Step.
Stake, ». JJ^ watad. See Pale, Palisade.
— A stake at play, t^ ihart, ^j rakn.
See Wager. — ^A stakefor impaling men.
Stake, 0. (bet), ^\^ rdhan, ^jJ^ ^^ax.
^anud short, ^^j ^JA^ ^amalrahn. See
Wager. — (to prop or fasten with posts),
jU^f J J i2ai(r af0^(^. See Pence.— (to
empale), JJ^ ifc^t^eaifc. [hdyiU
Stale (old, not new or flresh), uuob
Stall, «. (for cattle), l,pU^ fna^^/(pl.
cJllic^ ma^dlif). See Manger, Stable.
— (a bench on which goods are exposed
to sale), (jl^jJt (j^^/A^ majrash adduk-
kdn. To stall (put in a stall), ^j
fJJaJi\j wada^ hU utahh
Stallion, u. Ja^ /aM (pi. J^V«^«0-
Stamina (first principle, essence), itt*^
tabi^at, LZj\j %dt, ^^\ asl, Ljb\^ md-
kiyat. The stamina of the human body.
Stamp, V, y^ji darab \ (impress with a
mark), \JuJLi nakath, wl? taha^. To
stamp money, ^-^«^ darah, iS^ ^j
dakk iikke, /»J^]^ uX.i »ak dardhim.
See Coin; aUo To Pound, Bray, Bruise.
Stamp, ». (impression), ^jLsu naksh, ^L«0
damghdy m^j rasm, A stamp on weights
and measures denoting their standard,
jLfi ^iydr. An instrument for stamp-
ing (die), y, tVi^ matba^.
Stamped, CSj(^^ matkuk, iJ^^a:^ manm
k^shf ^^f^ matha^, P^-^ '''^-
tn&gh. Stamped silver (to mark its
fineness), IcytS^ d^ faddak mad-
mUgha. An officer who stamps gold
STA.
(992)
STA
or silyer, j\ji\ fc,^>%/>"l^ $dh& al ^ft^,
Stanch (soundi firm of priociple), cuob
9&hit, A J 5rM.il ^ mudalAm. See Trasty,
BesolutOj Strong.
Stanch, f;. (stop hlood), aiAII ^Isi luUa^
addam. See Stop. [See Stopped
StanchedyC ^uLt making Jj Jum.« ma<iAii.
Stand, V. (beerectonthefeet)yfc^\ji*li
kam wdkif; (to stop «r halt), uJi^
toaklMf; (not to flj, to resist), a^U
hdwam. To stand opposite (front to
front), JjU^fhJi^ wMsaf makdhil.
To stand one behind another, or side
by ride (rank and file as an army),
\yL^ \ Mfuaff^. To stand amazed, j^^a^
tahayifar. To stand off (a^oid inti-
macy), ^ ^,s^\ imtana^ ^an, ^ Oju
ha^^ ^«f». To stand oat (hold reso-
lution), j^«CLi«l utamarm To stand out
(to be prominent), \^ aJa! takaddam
laharrA, To stand to (ply, persevere),
2r jk^^ xs^ fjA>fi ^amal jaddaho wa
JahdahOf is,AJb jjj hasuU himmattaho.
To stand to a promise, 2r A^y /•U ^m
&i wa^dihi. To stand in need, ^^::^^^
lA^d;. See Want. — To stand in awe,
i^L>^ hhaf. To stand in the way,
^>^ m<iiia&, \j^J^ ^drad. Stand off!
stand back! ^^y ^ji harri harrf, ^>y '
t— oi.'g^ arya^ likhalf.
Stand, t. J^ man%dl. See Station,
Post. — (a frame on which vessels, etc.,
are placed), iOILj akala. See Table;
oho Stop, Difficulty, Interruption. —
To. make a stand, a^U kowam. To be
at a stand, ^1^*>- .L^ «ar hayran.
Standard, «. (ensign, banner), Jlc ^lam,
\^ Uu>d, j\j^ hayrdi['fi, C^uUrayiV
To erect the standard, j^\yo
nasab al hayrak. The standaid .t
weights or meaaarea^ jLe ^^or. li
stamp measures or weights with etcd-
ard marks, jLffIt w^O damagl d ^
Of standard measare or wei^ht,;^
aUj ^tySr tamdm, j\^\ aJ:. ■»«»»•
Standing, /^or^. ajVS Idjrtmy uJi|«s8i^'
Matters standing so, IJ^^W ^ ^ ^
la^tf AoM. Standing, jmt^. (lasti^
^IS ^yttn, Ji])jt^ ykayrtayU^J-
^i^. SeeSettled,E8tablished,Sti^.
Standing, «. jl^^cudl istimrdr, Ou i^
&d^. See Continoaiioe ; aZao Stm
Bank, Condition, Competition.--
long standing, ^^ k(H^ J-ic ^afi
See Ancient.
Standish, #. (for ink, ete.), 4j^J i»
waydh (pi. CL^ljI^J dawwdydi\ i^
makharah. Putting ink in a ^gsi^
j*^p^ takhir.
Stanza, «. l:l>^.») ^ayf-, ^ i^ mwc^
Staple, i. (emporium), jJCJ i«Mr
Staple commodities, ^Vrsi^Jt f}^y^ ^
wdl attijdrah. The staple of a 1: -
or bolt, ^Hi kalldhah,
«
Star, ^UjsT najmak. The polar e(?
JUylll ^^^ kawkah aahMmal T)
morning star, ,^u^ \ ^usfrnafmai u^
A wandering star (a planet or cxst-
as distinguished from a fixed sif
* J L» d,Aafnajmah «ay*rflA, j UJ' *f-
afmo/m assdytr, A falling star, l^v
ahahdb. The star or planet Saturn, J>
zukai. The star Jupiter, ^^^^ ■*'
^rf . The star Mars, ^^ «Mr*i
The atar Yenua, »^j saiirai. Tba^'
BTA
(993)
STA
llcrcuiy, CtJ^ ^tdrid. The inflaences
)f the stars, /•^^cUI mM^ ahkdm an-
lujum. The ascendant of a star, ^^\
\wj. See Ascendant. — ^The star pre-
iominant at the birth of any person,
hJlt taU^, A fortanate aspect of the
tars, liJLa M^<7. The two beneficent
tors (Japiter and Yenas), ^(J^^uj
%^ln. The two malignant stars (Saturn
•
nd Mars), ^^^i«M«2^ iMtoii. The star of
eligion, ^ J^f J^iuj »a^ addln. The
tar of the state, ^^j]l ^sf^ na/jm ad-
awlah (proper nameeor titles). — Stars,
,yser tiujurn, c-^^^ kawdkih. To rise
B stars, ^Jl^ foJt^. See Bise. — To
bserre the stars, J^y roiod. A star
a2er, (^^^^ munajjim, jl*^ raudd,
ee Astronomer. — A star (mark of
3ference in a book), ^Ic ^aldmahf
;L^l uhdrah. The science of the
AiB, f^^^ (Xs' ^hn anm^Um, See
^tronomy.
rboard (right hand side of a ship),
y^ll s.^^jA^\ s,^\p^jdmb al marhdb
r ayman.
-ch, luJ wUhd, To starch (linen),
^*M.ril ^jiJ noihsha' al gluuHl.
■ched, LuJ fJ fihi nashd,
*e, 9. ^J JCj JisJf ^^;«^1 am^n 011-
o, «. (fixed look), Joj naaar, ^U^l
iLi\ im^dn annatar. See Starling.
er, #. ^)l!i3^ mutaUi^
k (quite), ^^as.'^ tnahd, j;llx« mn/-
&. See Stiff, Strong, Gross, Deep,
ill, Mere, Quite, Simple. — Stark mad.
'£intic.
c;.
majnUn kkdlit. See
Starlece, *a^ij hUd nu^'m.
Starlight (lastre of the stars), /*^^^^ ^
diyd annujUm. [See Bright.
Star-Uke, v^/)t J^ mM a/ ibte^i^^.
Starling or stare, jjijjj Mirsflr.
Starry, starred, ^jstr ntf/timl.
Start, 1^. (spring up), la) fu»^, ^ no/br.
To start from terror, ^JiiJUj\ irta^h,
^— ^j ro^. See Tremble. — To start
(set out on any pursuit), ^1a m\b. ^o-
%am iala\ See Begin. [nattah.
Start, t. (quick and sudden spring), ^
Starve, 9. (perish or be perishing with
hunger), ^ye^ ^ CZ^L* mfi^ mm a/
Starved (with hunger), ^^^ ^;^ uu.^.>.^
mayyit min aljn^ ; (with cold), LSi»«y<
J^f ^ mayyit min al hard.
Starveling, «. 9^t ^ c:^g>^ mayyit
min aljU^.
Starving, $. c ^t ^^ CL^y mawt min
alju^. Snatching greedily, as a starv-
ing man, (jS^-J^ hahath. Starving one-
self, c ys}\ ^ dll>. CJU^ mawwathd"
laho min alja^.
State (condition), Jl^ hdl (pi. J'^^
ahwdl), ^Ll «^»; (station, rank),
^J^ mar^a^a^, iJij ruthat, ^jJ da-
ruj'at ; (the public, community, govern-
ment), ^yl>- hukUmat, 4JX«i^ m<imi!0«
kat, XJ^ J dawlaty ilXL* mu/^ ; (pomp,
magnificence), ^ -*^^ ^ cOMamaL See
Grandeur, Dignity. — A state, state-
ment, or representation, JU- ^^
^ari Ad/. A state or account, w-;L*>.
hisdh. Affairs of state, Au\A^\jy$\
wnUr assdltanah, Ail^\ J^^f ahwdl
al mamlakah. In whatever state it is,
U^^ J ^ s^ V ^^ ^^*^ ^^' Aocord-
63
8TA
(9»4)
Stk
mgiothestaie, JW1 c^*..*M*a^^iXM«( I
al kdL A state of oonfosiony Jls^t
J[J\ MtOdl al h&h lJ^J^\ iUirdh,
A chair or bed of state, (JiUf ^/
ionH dlwmlk. See Throne. — ^Ministen
of state, il^ji\ ^Uc^ a^ydn aiiawUt.
het destin J ran with slackened rein«, and pas
■ot the nigbt but with careless mind ; for be-
tween the closing of an eye and its opening,
God changes one state of things into another !
• JU J\ J\^^ *U^>.»1«* wis
State, r. (represent in a memorial), ijOjC
^arad; (arrange anything), Joj nasam.
Stateliness, <>^hf ^atamat, iits^jaldlai.
See Grandenr, Loftiness.
Statelj, ^jVir ^osim, j^ kahlr; adv.
hikol shawkat.
Statesman, $. (one acquainted with the
affairs of state), j^f«jsrlj|^^yX« 01M-
dabhir um^r aljamhur. See Minister.
Station(8ituation where any oneisplaced),
^\i^ makdn, J^sr^ mahal, ^fy maw-
da^. See Sitnation, Post, Place, Posi-
tion, Kesidence. — (employment, office),
\_ - -^'^^ mansabt A^Jl>- khidmat. See
Dignity. — (rank, condition of life),
*• • •• _
^j^ martahat, iJjj rutbat, ^j*^ da-
rajat. See Character. — A station on
an enemy's frontier, )e\ij rib&t. Sta-
tion of a railway, jj*Xs^\ ^^J i&\j
h&^t darh al hadid. Stations, JjV^
mandzil, ^L«1 amdkin.
Station, v. J«>- ja^al, ^^ ^ayyan,
\_ -^' nasahf f-^ tvada^ See Place,
Appoint.
Stationary, L2-oIj sdlit. For this island,
npon which yon are, is not really an island,
but it is a great fish that has become station-
ary ia ^ midst of dia «a, ad tbc «oc l<
aenimnlated upon it, 10 that it bis >-.v
like an island, and trees have srovi vf v
it for a Tery long time; and men y^ ^.
afiieonit,thefiahfeHthe bets« tai r
itself in motion, ^1 sj )s^ i^ .'.
i^'i
m;
Stationed, ^,«^ aMiMta^, |^<;
coyyiN. See Placed. — Hones statin
for posting, JtL.d>J\ ,J«> khtfliif*'
See Post-hone. — ^To be stationed, •
Mtfte^dyytii. [^5fjfd&iE^
Stationer, t. (seller of paper), J;< '^,
Statuary (the art of carving 'm&
jyA\ji^- Juc ^dm kajr aumw. >^
Scnlptnie. — (a carver of stitssi
^Ui nakkdik. See Carver.
Statue, «. (human), Jll^J timah '
an idol), m:^ wnam (pL aLc^ mm
^jJ^ iroMin (pi. ^U^\ aw9dn\
Stature, 13 itai<f, £«li kdmal. Of c^j
stature, Z«U1\ la^^i^ muUicm^ I
i^ifM^. Tall of statnre, i^'^^"^
iawil al kdmah. See Tall.— A ^
short of stature, ^^\Si\j^ ibkir^
AomtfA. See Dwsrf — Then she o&rd jj
some food, and he ate ; and oonTrn^'.-i I
sning between them, they mentioned ibe t;
Bedr, his beauty and loTelioess, his ^
and the justness of his form, his horxta^
intelligence, and polite accofflp^u^''
4J j\j dUx:^. And Joharah looiei'
STE
(995)
STE
he King Bedr, and saw him to he like the full
noon when it makes its appearance from behind
ihe black clouds^ of elegant stature; comely in
lis smile! Ci3ui!l ^\ ijtiy^- Cl^^laJ
itute> «. ift\c\j td^idah, ^^li hdnUn
pi. fji^^^ katednln),j^\ amr (pi. ji^\
\mnr), Jl». hukm (pi. /%l^l ahkdtn).
\ee Law.
\jy V. (continue in a place)» i*Ux^t
ttakdm, ^jLa sakan, Js^\ uiahar,
^ DwelL — To stay for (expect), Aai3l
ntazar. To stay (repress), L^ dahat,
uJn^ mana^ See Eestrain, Obstruct,
linder. [ikdmat,
7 (continuance in a place), i^\j\
yed. See Fixed, Settled; Serious,
iedate.
ad, ^jo^ ^awad, Jjj hadak See
lace. — Instead of, \a^^ ^wadma,
adfast, steady (constant, resolute),
J Is kayim, ^\j rdnkh, u:^l) sdhit,
adfastly, steadily, cjLj Jij hikol
ibaL
adfastness, steadiness, d-^Li %abdt.
ee Firmness, Constancy.
ik, B. (slice of flesh), ^ l^-J^ shar-
%t Jahm, To broil steaks, j^a^ ^y^
\awa' lahm,
d, V. (take by tbeft), ^j^ aarak.
der, Jjl-» «fir»^. See Thief,
iling, part, J^La idrii*
dingly, !jjJi\j bisiurkat. See Slyly,
y stealth.
dth, iJ^ aurkat. See Theft.~By
ealth, ^ijs^b htlmukhfl, iJjmi tur-
itan. See Clandestinely.
Steam, jUk^ huJthdr,
Steam, v.^Ur J^^^c ^amai hukhdr.
Steamer, ».jl> <^r^^ morifeai ndr.
Steed, 8, See Horse, Courser.
Steel, Si^ haldd. Steely, ^^oJ^ Jfiteift.
To steel (make hard or hardy), ^LilT
c^^Jl^ ^amalahoiuUb, JjJj^ A^s. ^ma-
laho shadldf ^/y aU^ ^amaiaho kawl.
Steep, JjU mdy»7.
Steep, ». ^^li^ hdwiyah. See Precipice.
Steep, r. Jt^ bid, ^ naka^ See Soak.
Steeple, a. Zj\x^ mandrdh.
Steepness, j^St^ hadur. See Declivity.
Steer. See Bullock.
Stem, *. jL 9dk. See Stalk, Trunk.—
(family, race), J^\ asl, J.-mJ fuul,'
l^^^mJ nasah ; (the fore part of a ship),
L^j^\ ijJj rds al markab.
Stench, <0 J; ^^j rdyihah radiyah. To
stench. See Stink.
Step, «. (progression by one removal of
the foot), >JJ kadam, ijia^ khatwai
(pi. ci^f^Lik khaiwdt). See Footstep.
— The step of a stair or ladder, i>-^ J
darajat, A step of promotion, </n_T.-»
martahat, SLJj ruibat, i^-jJ darajat.
A descending step {also the lowest step
or degree), i^J darakat (pi. CL^lii^ J
darakdt). Stepbystep. aJ^ Ajjjla(^m
bikadam, ^asTj*^ tadrijan.
Step, 9. ^^1 J (^«.
Step-father, «. ,<^^ «nir«i5f.
Step-mother, ^^ mwrMiyat*
Step-son, c^^j radt3.
Step-daughter, 4^^ roSfitfA.
Sterile. See Barren.
Sterility. See Barrenneis.
I Sterling, j\ji\ ^L Ugh ai ^dr. See
8TI
(996)
^*J ij^Mt #j«J mIW
Stem (of A ibip^y
Hit a1 nm-M.
SteiB (seme of oovntenaiiee),
flezibte; jIm Hard, Seme, AfliedTe.
Btew, «. (fidi-pood), lLXa^Z^^ ftirW
MiMi; (stewed neat), ^^^^ ydbta.
Steward, «. J^^ mW. See AKeat.— A
steward of the honadiold, VJ^^ ^^3
wakil al hkmrj.
Stick, Lac^ ^. See Staf^ Twig.
Stick, r. (toadhere), ^Jl^ Jf U? td&il ^ota*,
^Losll HloMik, ^y^\ Uimak. To stick
(te be nnable te move), ^ InA. To
stick to (insist upon anything), ^1^ J
IsA jails'. See Insist — Tocansetostiek,
^j0^ lauak Stick no bills, j;«a)j]i
Ua jl^y /Is fa2iicifc oirraifc Aaad.
Stickle, a. (espouse warmly any person's
interest), tij^ (J,Cu^ si^Mi^ tar^tfaho.
Sticky, j;> J d^&«l. See Yisoons, Gluti-
nous, Adhesive, etc.
Stiff, ^<UmdMi,\aJLiyMb. See Hard,
Strong, Bigid, — (proud, inflexible, ob-
stinate), 0y4S^ tmUamarrid.
Stiffen,^ (make stiff), ^^L^dL^>£. ^amalaho
mdktn, i^y ^L^ ^amdlaho kawl ; (to
grow stiff), ^2)S^J^ 9dr aioiin, uiy ^^
iar kawi.
Stiffly, i)l^JCj htkol saldbai, ij\s^ JCj
hikol matdnat.
Stiffness, isLa iddhiU; (inflexibility of
temper), jLf ^ftttfi. See Stubbornness,
Formality, Constraint, Harshness.
Stifle, 9. j:^ l^aiM^, ^^J[ii/a^^. See
— 'toa-
-(
Stigma, a. ^ J dlafi*
Brand.—'
da^k, f^ iwasR. See Bnid- .
render infamooa), ^^ fai^k
Stigmatised, branded, i»^j^ Mnu;
(rendend infimuras), ^^^ mI^
Stile (<^ a dial), 4^LJt c^^ M
aftd&aA.
Stiletto, ^^ficL^ Umsmt. See D^
Still, r. 4^1b ilAUk*. See Qoiet, Appos
— (to make silent), i^ >.?■>» asliLi^.
Still,«.(quiet,ealm),|^«3ld Adil; ^sik'
«.=^L» 9dhi, <^^>»Lg SdMli, w*^
Msia^; (motionless), ^(^;»* ^'^ "^"^i
iUmioA.— A stilL See Sileoee, Cls
Still, ad9, (till now), ^ J1 12^ «fe«. »
Hitherto. — (notwithstanding), Jr^
iLJijma^lolzaltk. SeeNeTertbtks
— (ever), Uj^J ddyimmm^ (•^j-*' /
^ala* addawdm. See Always* C(s£^
ally. — (after that), Ijjb jju haj'i^
\dJb ik.^ ^Ati^i hasd ; (in co&tiuss^
i!/«^^tX« jC-i hikol muddw0m4tf ^
j\jj^s^\ ^M id isttmrdr.
Stilled (calmed), c^«V* wmhadJg;
lenoed), ls.>^Lm.^ mitfaiiia^.
Still, 8. stillatory (vessel for distillB::^
fj^ I anbik. The neck ^ spoat >: <
still, L^^ lawhb. [iboed:
Still-bom, ^Jo turh, La** m&i^. ""
Stillness (calmness, quietness;, *y
hadawat, ^UJblij rafdhtyai^ 4^^rs'
See Tranquillity, Qaiet — (sOtt-
LZJj^ sukut, «j:..<wi^ smiA
sn
(997)
8TI
Ily (calmly), ij\Si JCj Ukcl hai&wat;
silently), CJ^yLi J^ UM tukM.
molate, 9, (to excite), v.^*^ raghghihi
jOj»- harrad. See Incite, IiiBtigate.
mulated (excited), \^jS^ muharradf
^j^^ fnuharrak.
mulation, \j£\ tffhrd, \Jai^ tahrid,
L^jOsT takrih, ^.^c^j targhib,
ag, B. iji\ ibrat (pi. j\ ubar), j*^
Mtfhar, iSyJL ihawkat. See Prick. —
"he sting of a scorpion, c-^^^1 iSy^
hawhat al ^krah.
Qg, V. ijjii\i *i ghau hil tbrat See
^ck. Pierce, Pain. — Stingless, ^U
i^ mdlaho shatokat.
Dgily, (Jo^^ # t^ i-^ ^*^^ tama^
7a hukhl. See CoTetously, Ayaricionsly.
Dginess, JaT lukKlf ^ Mh, What
haye left, I left not out of generosity, Imt
irough the decree of CK)d and His iudflnnent
a mankind, which most be folfiUea. I was
>r a long time Ml of joy and happiness^
id I defended my aBylum like a fierce
on. I was nerer quiet, nor wonld I hestow
mofltard-seed, out of ayarioe and sttnginen,
ren were I cast into the fire. Such was my
ate up to the moment when I was smitten
jT the decree of the Great God, the Creator,
le Maker, ^.i aJ.rw Ui \::^y ji l«
* sjrjUl jJUJl (^\ ii'i\^
\gy, iJ^J^hakhil, ^jamamsL khoiU, See
varioions. Covetous.
k, 8. ^jiJ natan, lsx^^^\j r&yxhat
thlhat. See Stench.
k, V. ^1 anion*
king, adf, ..iC^LX/t muntin. See Fetid.
Stint, V. lauJ dabaif JJ^ haddad, Jas
huBor, j;^ dayyak.
Stint, «. See Limit, Bound, Bestraint;
Proportion, Allowance.
Stinted, J.<X«^ mahdud^ ^^^ madh^t,
yioL* maikw«ar. [Pension.
Stipend, ki^ ^Ufat See Salary, Pay,
Stipendiary (receiying stipend or salary),
ii^ a1 laho ^H/at,
Stipiic, stiptical, (^\j kdhid. A stiptie
medicine, ^^UljJ dawd JMid,
Stipulate, \9jJ^ »harat, «Xfe ^JaX' ^amal
^ahd,]ffjjJ^ Jif ^akad8huriltt^j\ij\ ^J^ix
^ffffio/ UtifBik. See Bargain, Contract
Stipulation, J^ ^hdf)0jJ^ihart (pi. k^^
jU;1 Utif&k. See Bargain, Paction.
Stir, 1;. (move, to agitate), cJ^ harrak,
^j>^ L<^^ ^t^' ^r<i^. See Mix.
— (to moTO oneself, to be in motion),
dSj^ (J^bC ^oma/ harakah, c)js^ to-
harrak. See Move. — To stir up (to in-
cite, instigate), cJj^- harrak, ^^^
raghghah. See Stimulate. To stir up
sedition, Juii!! cJ^ harrak alJUnat,
^f^ hayyaj. See Sedition.
Stir (tumult, bustle), ^Uwl ihamdiah,
Xi^ghawghd, i^JUnah, See Commo-
tion, Agitation, Disturbance, Sedition.
Stirrer, s, (causer of motion), .^f^ mth
hayyif, cJ]^ muharrik; (one who is
in motion), cJjSS^ mutaharrik, <jf^f^
mutahayyaj.
Stirred (moved), C^j^^ muiaharrak;
(excited), <^vf« muhayyqf; (provoked),
L^jLn^ muitarib.
Stirrup, # . t^\^j rakah (pi. iJL>\i^j rakd-
hdt). To the imperial stirrup (M.rer
STO
(998)
STO
sented to the king), ^yi^ ^->^(; ^\
tZs* raidh hamdfMiL,
Stitch, 9. LI^ thofyat, %.^^ hOmb. See
Sew, Mend, Unite, Join. — To sew with
wide stitches, L£i hMMhai. A stitch
in the side, c,.^;a*1 d^f J wSi Mljanb,
f.l.jhut^. SeePleori^.
Stock (tnmk of a tree), ^cr* Ju^ inHMi^
$ajar. See Tronk, Block, Log, Post —
(a noBy linesge), J^l mI^ JyuJ nod,
e, >!*>■) MMsft; (ac^itsl in trade), ^\j
JU!) rtf« «7 aid/. See Fond, Store.—
(a handle), Jj yw/, ^dui i«Ms.
Stock np^ 9. ^j iala^. See Eradicate.
— ^A stock-jilliflower, (Ja3^ btnmfiU.
Stocking, $. f^\j^j^rdh.
Stocks (for oonfiuiiig the l^s), j!i /«U.
Stoic, «. (philosopher), ^tj|^ ravdis,
^\^L«Jf ^^\ ^ t— i^uilji fmflatufmm
M d utiawdiuiJL [See Bobe.
Stole, 9.J5j wmmdr, ^jt^J^, iatnuklM,
Stolen, fJ^-AMb^ sMuniJL
Stomach, ijjt« si^iU. See Belly.— The
stomach of hiida. See Giazaid, <Jrop.
Stomacher, «. ^\ i^ls^J) ^ ^LJlf ^ Jj
cJ^jJ^ htdM mI m9au wtim d dtidf M
Stomachic (belonging to the stomach),
1^ Jjt^ SMJ^aift. A stomachic medicine.
Stone, 9-j^ Aa/ar. See Bock, Pebble,
OrareL — ^A flint-stone, ^^^ MwwSn,
See Flint — ^The ftmons Uack stone at
Htec%CfyJi\y^ht^tiimwmd. Apre-
vi stone, i^i^^jmrAarsA (pL^t^
*M^). A toQchstone, cljlsr« anOai^.
^^»^««^ei's stone,^]1 vjm^^I
-> L^iisiid^^Lin
ajbir. A mill-stone, 4j^^^^<f ^ '
oMAftw. SeeMm-stone.— AitosK
in paving (oiiio a stone paTement . c
taAl^ (pi. (^ILL Moiol). TcT
0r strew with stones, laL htOai, ^
LL^ ^(smaUko mmiaOai, A iniE'Ss
anj direction^stone on a road, J*«k
Jl£ ^«2asi, 2U&C ^atesMit The ibiz
stone (lapis specnlaris tide), jl^ ^<
,j0;ll ^/ iaviaA a/an^. Thesz
tatty, Uij^l^ A^ a<fft6y«. D
stone which attracts inn, ^/^r j
wuigkmdiU. See Loadstone, IL^Kt*
A graye-stone or tnmnliis of Btooes -?
a graye A4kS»-j rajma^. SeeMoossfi
—The stone of froit, i\y asira^, if
^mfwok. A date-stone^ 5^f^ ;«e^
Stones, ^1^1 aA^r. The noise siiiil
a horse over stones, <i J^j J daUi&il ]
threw stones, jl^ uJj^ Mi/<^<^
jl^ c-^ ibivA ai^. To lein ^
stone nntomed, i^J^^^ sJk^fW ;^
jaddahowajahtMo. SeeEmploje'^
endeavour.
Stone in the bladder, tya>^ henetk
Stone (made of stone), ijj^ i^fj^
Stone, r. (beat or kill with stones, 0\
rajam. . [^j
Stonebreak (herb), jST^r'^ ^
Stone-cutter, «. j\s^ ^u^.
m
Stone-hoTse, t. J^ ^^^-^^ ^* '
See StalUon. [Q^^'
Stone-pit, a.^ ^ *Xil# aia^ ^ "I
Stony,^ %«r, ysr^ »«*/^-
Stood {prei. of stsnd), I «tood, ci-i-V
irdJb/. He stood, uiJlj (^" ^/* "
tffojb/. We stood, ^^Ji]} ^ ^^
mskn iammaynd wdki/in. Yoa -< ■
STO
(999)
STO
fjiiiSl\^ f^^^i^ fP^\ antum iammayUiim
wdhifln. They stood, ^^fi^\^ \y^ ^
hum tammu tp&ki/ln.
tool, s. ij^S htriH,
k>op, V. (bend forward), Jt« mdl,
^J'^ss:^ inhana* \ (to yield, to be in-
ferior), JJjJ tasallal; (to condescend),
^^ly tawada^; (to alight as a bird),
i^yb hawa\
Loop, 9. stooping (act of stooping), (J^
mayl, Larl inhind, c ^j ruiu^ ; (con-
descension), %^^y tawdda^i (fall of
a bird on his prey, on a tree, etc.),
i^^ hatci,
tooling, part. ^A^^ munhanl,
top, V. (stand, cease, desist), a^ kdm,
i^jiJ^ wekef, i^M^ Uwakkaf. See
Paase. — (to hinder from progressive
motion), wi^ mana^ J^ iodd. To
stop up, iX.1 sadd. A stop, stopping
(cessation of progressive motion), i^^y
tatoakkuf, uJyj wakuf; (stoppage),
w:^ man^t J^ sadd. See Obstruction,
Obstacle, Impediment. — (interrup-
tion), c\Laj\ inkiid^. A stop or point
in writing, ^iaAj nukta, kcr^ muhat.
See PauBe. — And I did not stop nntil I ar-
rived at it; and lo, it was a large white
dome, of great height and large circumference,
\J>\, 44\ uO-, J j\ \j^ Jj^ ^,
^— • ^ ^^9 — * ^— • • •
iJ}\Ji\. And they looked at it, and
lo, upon it was a horseman of brass, on the top
of whose spear was a wide and glistening head
that almost deprived the behol&r of sight, and
on it was inscribed, 0 thou who comest unto
me, if thou know not the way that leadeth to
the City of Brass, rub the hand of the horse-
man, and he will turn, and then will stop, and
in whatsoever direction he stoppeth, thither
proceed, without fear and without hesitation,
for it will lead thee to the City of Brass,
u'*^^, J!/ iA/" J^ ^^J \Aj 43
iL.^t Ji>ll ^^^ l:^ J ^\
1^1 i^Mj i^ fc^U u-w f^ijj^ ^^
l|Jli 'T^j^^j vl^^^'* uJ^ "i^ \^LLJi
m
stopped, stopt (hindered), ^^^^'^^ mam-
ntL^. Stopt up, J^ Ju«*^ masdud, JumJw*
munsad.
Stopple, 9. gj\j^ 9addda.
Storax (gum), ijL^ may^ah. Liquid
storax, <OjL) iju^ may^ah 9dyilah,
Indian storax, ^ JCJb Iju^ may^ah hin-
diyah. The storax tree,^^^ ^abhar.
Store (abundance), iji^ huarat. See
Plenty. — ^A store or storehouse, J^^*^
^yiS mahdl al mUnah.
Store, V, ^y mMowan, ^^^ ^abba\ See
•i
Hoard, Furnish.
Stork, 9. jU laklak, j2U] laJUdk (pL
jIU! lakdia). The cry of a stork,
iA& IMahat. Ix^^'
Stork's-biU (herb), ^\)\ iy\ ibrat ar-
Storm, «• (tempest), Ltu^j tawha^i,
^^j^ fortHinah. See Whirlwind,
Hurricane. — (an assault on a fortified
place), A«lS Xs. /^ys^ hujUm ^ala*
hal^. See Sedition^ Tumult, Violence;
Calamity, Distress.
Storm, V. (attack a place by open force),
A«!i ^Jlc ajs^ hyam ^la* hal^a.
Stormy (tempestuous) j^^^^ ifllf^J' -^
stormy sea, ^\yii\jaP^\ al hahr al
tnawtpdj.
Story, L^^ hiidyat, ^UdS ki99dh. See
History, Tale ; Fabloi Fiction, Lie. —
BTR
(1000)
STB
An idle story, J^f l^U f^l^ hikayai
mdlihd Oil; (a floor, flight of rooma),
*AAf tabakah. See Floor.—To teU a
Btorj. See Belate. — A story-teller,
ci^^l-C>- hik&wdtl. See Historiaa,
Fabulist. — Then he asked me respecting my
case, and what had happened to me; wherefore
I acquainted him with my whole affair from
beginning to end ; and he was astoushed at
my story, ^U^ ^ y^^^ ^^ (^
stout, i^y jbfi^, JjJlI ihadld. See
Strong, Kobost, Brave, Besolute; Ob-
stinate.
Stoutly, iy JC> hikol kUwaL
Stoutness, sji k^wai, iJJL ihiddat. See
Strength, Yalour.
Straggle, v.j\j d&r. See Wander, Stray.
Straggler, 9-j^^^ dawwdr,jL9 ^U md-
laho mukar. See Wanderer, Vagabond.
Straight (right, not crooked), ^jfl54<*^
mustakim, ,^y^ 8awa\ See Upright,
Erect, Strait — A straight line, Lf^-
^mJIm*^ khatt muitaklm. To straighten
or make straight, 4^^ ^d^«x ^amalaho
»atoa\
Straightness, Z^Ui^l utikdmai.
Straight, straightways, ^l^ hdllan. See
Immediately.
Strain, 9, (great endeavour), Jj >- ^<*mi
»a^ja%il, A^iac tX^jahad ^oslm. See
Stretch.
Strait (close), ^J^ dayyih. See Narrow.
Strait, «. (narrow pass), (J^^^d^ madik
(pL (Jl^*A^ maddytk). See Pass. —
(difficulty, distress), li hold, Jm*^ dlk.
See Poverty. — Straits of the sea, ^^jL**
j^\ halak al hakr^jiej) hughdn. The
Straits of Oibrsltar. J^;^\^S ^
tBsnddk, j\3jl\jarbakrmMi6k. Tb
Straits of Babelmandel or Babebns&ii}
(the gate of tears), c^xJl LJi iii
Straiten, 9. (make narrow), fjt^isffi
See Contract, Confine. — (to redm tj
straits or difficultiee), iA^ l^ ^
^amal ^alayhi dikah. See Distzs
Perplex.
Straitened, (j*^^ mudayyak. To i)(
straitened or reduced to straits, iJ^ ..
^l1m0 f dr ^alayhi dtkah.
Straitly, ^Hfi^ J^ hikd dUoL k
Strictly, Closely, Intimately.
Straitness, ^^a^ dikah (pi. fj^ £<•
See Narrowness, Closeness; Distrtf
Difficulty; Rigor, Strictness.
Strand (bank of the sea or river), '^
u:i\ ihat imnahr, y^\ ^^Lt fdk.
bahr. See Shore.
Strange, l^^ gharib. See Fcv^
— (wonderful), ^^jiy^ ^^^^i (i^*"^
(uncommon), ^Jj (oA^, ^js^^f
»S<ii\ kkdrif ^an at ^dak See lU
IrT^;ular. — (new), ^t^jadid; [t
known), J^fsr* nu^'h&l, uJ./«/
yAoyr ma^rii/; (not acquainttd),^
^ fc^i^U::.^ ^^^ M4c^dr^ vf^
Anything strange, 2[i«^l3 iidArii |
Strange ! (interjection of adminba |
Strangely, U;^^^ ^ji Btwflvify^
Strangeness (unoommonness^ fiseignB*
wonderfulness), c,^1,c^ *— ^^ :^
yib wa yhardytb; (coldness, ns^
STR
( 1001 )
STR
aversion from intimacy), if J^y hurndat,
l-;L.:ls^I iftindb. See Shyness. —
[mutaal dislike), ^UJ tand/ur, x^J
Udsarruh,
ranger, #. (foreigner), u^^ gharih
[fern, ^yi ffharlhahf pL U^c ghurdbd) ;
a guest), uJ--^ dayf, JjjJ nosi^ (pi.
[jj nusuM). To pretend to be a stran-
ger, Ci^yC <iJU- J.4bC ^amo/ h&laho
^harib. To become a stranger (to
lavel, to reside among stranger^),
mjtjiu tagharrah, A place of accom-
aodation for strangers, ^Uu Jchdny
]^y^ mantikh See Inn, Caravansera.
-Aiod his sisfeer wept at his weeping; she was
lOTod with compassion for his case, and pitied
lim for his being a stranger in a foreign
ouatry ; and she said to him, 0 my brother,
e of good heart and cheerful eye ; for I will
xpose myself to peril with thee, and give my
ife to content tnee, and oontriTe for thee a
tratagem, eren if it occasion the loss of my
recious things and my soul, that I may
ccomplish tby desire, ^r> ^t kz> S^
.^^♦^U3u^j^*4jlLl
^
lUcuJli
* v/****^^ ^^ ^^^ ^
mgle, V. Jh^ khanakf ^jJai faiioi.
se Hang, Suffocate ; Suppress.
iQgled, jjJii.^ tnakhnUk, j; j \^<-
\anlk. To be strangled, (j:<^\ in-
\anah, [See Hangman,
angler, «. ^ U^ ilAditti^, jILl khanndk.
.ogling, part. ^lfi>^ khdnik.
ngling, strangulation, ^j»»k!!i\ cUaA/t
kitd^ atmafoi.
Dgury, 9. JjJ\ (jMf^ ^^' ^ hawlf
^\ ,«aa£ cwr al howl. Troubled
ith a strangury, fjj^iy**^ ^ji^ «dyir
ho ^tur bawL
Strapping, f^*i*J^\ ^jhr ^aslm aJ y«m«
See Tall, Large, Bulky.
Stratagem, ^Jurw Al/aA, c^y^nl^^ ma/^ti5y
^fann, Ju^ j^(l. See Fraud, Deceit,
Canning. — For the son of Adam is possessed
of strataf^ms and artifice and guile ; he cap-
tm«th the birds from the sky, and the fish
from the sea, and cutteth the mountains and
transporteth them from one place to another,
and all this through his stratagems and artifice,
AmAJ ^S:i^j/^^ JiP-j<i (^^^ ^\ J^
straw, ^jJ tibn, ^JIj kashy u,alr. ^laf.
Attracting straws (amber), \jjb\^
kdhrabd.
Strawberry, $, ^a^ cz^y tiktfranjl.
Stray, v. ^J^\ ^jc> O^ doll ^n attarlk.
See Wander, Boye, Straggle, Stroll, Err.
Straying, $. iSLi ddldlat.
Streak, f.LflLiUa^^yJitaAim. See Stripe.
Streak, v. l^^lac^ J»4^ ^moi hhnUikif Ja^
taitar.
a*
Streaked, streaky, jLLs mukallam
mukhattat. See Striped.
Stream, ^Li idkiyah (pi. ^^^ tawdl^).
See Rirer, Riyulet, Onrrent. — And he beheld
a tree, and found hy its side a stream of water,
so he went to that tree and seated himself
in its shade, on the bank of that stream,
stream, p, ^j>' jora^. See Flow, Pour,
Issue. — To stream (as milk from the
dug wben milking, or anything simi-
lar), jJ dmrr.
Streamy (abounding in streams), ^
_jf^ koUaho MWdta. [idyU,
Streamy, streaming, ^^^ jdrlf JjLs
STB
(1002)
STB
Street, t. jUj wldi, ir^W hSrtih (pL '
iZj\j\>^ hdrdi). A broad Btreet, f;V^ .
ihdri^. See Boad.
Strength, iy itttmi^. See Force, Yigonr, |
FimmesB, Power, Ability, Solidity. — •
To acquire strength, ^/^ tdkawuxi. \
Strengthen, 9. (make strong), 4^^ haw-
wi ; (to confirm, establish), cs..^*j
iobhat. See Corroborate.
Strengthener, «. c^^L« jnniaiMfff.
Strengthless, djS ^U m^J^iblira^. See
Weak.
Strenaons, Jj JJ* ihadid, jyx, (fhayyUr,
^^jB^ shqfi^. See Brave, Bold, ActiTC,
Yehement, Zealous.
Strenuously, AcLsr^j SaA JCj htkoi hm-
matin wa BJu^d^ah,
Stretch, v. (extend, strain), «X^ fnadd,
IimJ hasat. And while I was in this
state, lo, that bird alighted upon the dome,
and brooded over it wim its wings, stretching
oat its legs behind upon the ground, and it
slept oyer it, l}\^\ ifjJb ^^Jx, \j\ U.r...,.i
Stretch, b, WmJ ^m^, tX« tnadd, JJO^
iamdid. Stretch of power, ^JuJ ^-
^addi,j^ jabr, j^ javor^ Jia %ulm.
See Tyranny.
Strict (exact, accurate), J^J^ mudaikik;
(severe, rigorous), jjJu& Bhadid, aj\^
Bdrtm, (c^lS hd^i (not remiss), j^
JiUs^ ^A^yr mutaghdJU.
Strictly (accurately,exactly),j;^ JcJ \L l«
highdyat attadklk ; (severely, rigorous-
ly), Zt\j^JlCj hikohardmat; (not care-
lessly), JlJ^^ Ci;^«^'cr* ^^^ ^^^ ihmdl.
Strictness (accuracy), ^ J dikhat, (J^S)
Uiklk; {9e9fAj),lm\j0fmrSmd. See
Bigor. [i^ Ito^
Stride, B. (}img step), iif*-* /«itt:
Strife, JU^.^2£;- iAimlBMil, lcj\:^ wm-
so^ See Contentioii, Discoid.
Strike, f. c-^^ lUv^, M Ui^ ^
Beat, Pound.— To strike a kigc.
j^jli J-«Ji ^awudlaaar, 1?^ J^ ^|
f AdH. To strike off (aepanU k «
blow), vJaj io^. To strike off -fsi
an account), c-»U*J\ ^^ ^^ i«^
min (d kudh. To strike a bdl, JJ
(jy^l cUA a/ jara9. To strike fi^H
- ji kadah. To strike up, c^ ^^
See Begin.— To strike at the nwu ^
haUc,. To strike with the hons. ^
Ma^. See niMisr Horn. — To s2l|
with astonishment, ^^^i>- ^^Ity^- ^
Amaze, Surprise.
Striker, b. ^-^U ddrtb.
Striking, fMEfi. f^j^ ddrih, *1?I Utr
Striking (astonishing), L^^y '
^ajfib. See Surprijsing, Wondcrf:-
String, B. L^ ^:^ ihaytlimui- ^
Thread, Cord, Twine, Bope. — ^A be*
string, yj tcatar.
Strip, V. (make naked), ^^^ c«nr<' :
spoil, rob JiJ^^ ^ BhaJhk hltr.
See Plunder.— (to peel), j£j kati^'
To strip leaves from a branch^ ^f
jS!^\ J^ •£ kharat ^uruk tuBajBr,
Stripe, «. ijj^ darhat See Lash, P '
— A stripe (on cloth, etc), Ji ^^
The weaving (of cloth), with ^m
^^AaJ toiftm. Woven with stripes. ^
mukallam. To stripe (weave « ^
with stripes), Jj kdUam.
Striped, Jx« mti£a7/am.
BTB
(1003)
bth
ipling, «. OU (^\j^ shdh hdligh. See
iTouthy Boy.
ipt (naked), yj^ij^ ^arySn ; (plun-
lered), ^^*^ tMuhaUah,
ive,v. 2rJ^^^ ifJo^' J.4X ^mdljaddaho
lajahdahOf izMb J«3j hasud hmmataho,
lee Striye, Strag^lei Employ every en-
leavonr. — (to contest), a^Uw ihdsam,
^U ndna^f ^jL^ J^^^c ^amo/ fnund'
a^ah. See Contend. — (to emulate),
)^ (^\^ idhak ahhad. See Yie.
oke, «. 4^jLtf tadmat, JUjLo^ miMd-
Eama^, <ui3 lakmat. See Blow, Knock,
'oke, V. (rub gently with the hand),
ollyV. |»l»- Adm,j\ji25r, ^iy ^j^*^
u^^ (termm mawda^ la tnawda^, J^
Aaroi. See Stray, Wander, Bamble,
tore.
ongfi^i^lawl. See Vigorous, Healthy,
itout. — (mighty), j jli kddir, j JaL«
lukiadir. See Powerful. —* (tiolent,
ehement), Jo Jl2» ihadld, ^,j>' hMrb\\
cogenty convincing), w;a^ mtt^i^;
firm, compact, solid, lasting, not easily
roken), )oy,A^ madbut, ^^^j rasln,
j^ matin, ^j:^^ sQhit; (fortified, not
asy to be taken), ^j^:^ matin, ^j^os^*
luhattan', (potent, as liquor), JLm^
luskir. Strong in taste, jU. hdd. See
Lcrid, Bitter, Sour. — Strong in smell,
p>:^ muntin. See Fetid, Stinking. —
L strong castle, a stronghold, ^j'O^
;;>a>. hisn hann. See Fort, Fortifica-
ion, Castle.
OQgly (with strength), i^ ^J^ Hkol
Utoat. See Powerfully, Vehemently,
iagerly. [rabha^. See Stanza.
Dphe, ^,j^y^ LS..^'yj hayt ihi^ m%h
Struck {part, of strike), L^^j^d^ madrHh,
Struck with the foot, l^^X* malbilt.
Struck with the hand, (^yn^ mdU^m.
Structure (action of building), hj\AA
^imdrah, Uj hind ; (form, make), Jm
ihaU, ijya sHrat. A structure (edifice),
Sj\j^ ^mdrah, U; hind, ^L«j hun^dn.
See Building.
Struggle, V. ' Jkfs>-j y J^ J^ Jac ^auMi/
koljaddaho wajahdaho. See Labour, En-
deavour, Strive, Contend, Wrestle.
Struggle, ^^juj «a^i, *XP^jadd, J^^ /n^.
See Endeavour, Effort. — (pain, an-
guish), U&fil f^^md, Cy^^tT ta^ab. See
Distreas.
Strung, i»^i4«a< madmUm, Pearls strung
together, jljS d««M^ dummat /u/il. See
String of Pearls, Necklace. [Hoot.
Stub up, !;. OJ ib2ti^. See Eradicate,
Stubbed (truncated, short and thick),
Jkill c y^/* marhu^ al hM.
Stubborn, jjU^mu^dntii. See Obstinate,
Inflexible, Stiff, Harsh, Rugged.— To
be stubborn, JJlc ^nad*
Stubbornly, oLc J^ hikoil ^ndd.
Stubbornness, jLfi ^ndd. SeeObstinacy.
Stuck {part, of stick), J^jf^ magkiHt.
See Pierced.
Student, studier, «. Jx v^U? tdlib ^ilm,
A*>4Jj ^a/mU, Ju^lJ taldml%. See
Scholars. [posed.
Studied. See Learned ; Designed, Pur-
Studious (given to books), Jlcv^-JU?
tdlih ^m, uJjU ^rif See Learned,
Contemplative. ^~ (attentive to any-
thing), ^ ^L id^lfl, ^ ^^^ii*^
mu^nJ fl, {jmj\a^ mumdris. See
Diligent, Busy, Careful. — Studious
people, ^jii»^j^i^ dariiin.
STU
(1004)
SUB
Studiously (with close application to
literature), jl^i^-l^ ^U^'J*^ bidarsin tea
^'tihdd; (attentively, diligently), J^
«Vp*j J^ hikol jaddin wa joAd, Jl^
C\f^\ hikol ijtihddf OJ JCi hikol
dtkleai; (on purpose), Jua^b hUkasd,
^^ ^ l^n lasdm, \s4A ^amdan,
Studiousness (addicted to study), jl^&f»-Jll
JjJb (U ijtihdd hil ^ilm, {j*»j*^ dare.
See Study.
Study(ofbook8),(jM>;jAir<,c^:;^l^lL«
mutdla^t ai kutbt AJi\ J»»d^ig" tahall at
^ilm. See Literature. — (attention,
effort, endeavour), _A«t sa^l, ^4^1 J jj
hioU al himmat, AUiJbl^ a\jJ\ ikddmwa
ihtmdm, Ju^ kasd. Study is my oc-
oupation, and to learn and to initiate myself
in Bciences is my exertion and my loved par-
suit ; all my store consists only in words, whose
magic power I wield in prose or verse, to frame
whatever my lips rehearse, ^^JJL^^
Study, V, (literature), (jm^O daras; (to
endeavour diligently), if^^s^ J^ (J**^
^amalholjahddhOf ^<iui s^^I, d^i^Jb J JJ
ftoso/ himmatahe. See Employ every
endeavour.
Stuff, f^. (cram), ^^^ ^o^^'.
Stumble, v. J^^mJ tatharpal, (J^Jj
tatoMah, jJj »i^;&. See Slip, Slide,
Trip, Fall, Stumble.— (to err), J-^a>-
^ l:t^ hasal mitww sahn.
Stumble, §. (trip), ]o^ sukut; (error),
^ sahn, ^!ia:>^khaUl. See Slip, Blunder.
Stnmbler, «. kiiLi adkit.
Stun, V. (confound with noise or impor-
tunity ),^ls:^\ cjutf aadda^ al hhdtir,
V/^y^ Ij^ *^f*^t orr&s. See Stupefy.
Stung, ^ yJi/t Mtfbv^.
Stupefaction, JUjJ^ mit^J, i^Mnf
iiiUjjt indih&9k. See Stujdditj.
Stupefactive, ^JLlbS^ nmMtk,j^fk-
ha^ir, JjbJ^ miMi^
Stiq«fied, i^y^J^ ffuulJbU&, J*i^
modAu/, uu^b hakii, jJ^ Ufs
When the party beheld him, their raac£i5
from them ; they were stupefied fi ^
sight of his form« and retzeafced ia fish
^ jU y^^ Aii-tf ^^t^ Vj ^
Stupefy, 9. ijMJbjt adJunk, ^^\i>
akkan d ^akl, Jjb0\ tMal^J^ kfw
Stupendous, v---^ ^Ih S-^ ^
Stupid, jJj halidy Ji£ lb itZd^ ^e
Dull.— Stupid (in point of i/t^^
subject), Li labd, ^^^j *'^^
Stupidity, i^Li ghahdwai, iSL Idsk
Stupidly, J jL J^ biiol halddat,htL^
UkdUdahat.
Stupor, ij^ hlrat, jUjJf M^Odi^b.
dahihai. To be affected with a sts^
ij^\ ^ j^l Maaiaho al kirsL
Sturdily. See Stoutly, Hardily; 0^
nately;
Sturdiness. See Stoutness, Stress-
Sturdy. See Stout, Hardy, Str(ai|.
Sty, 8. (for hogs),^ jlxi.'l J2aj i^
khand%lr.
Style (of writing), i^lfl! <^ ifl ■
ia^i^, L^l^^ \j^ nafoioliatd.^
inshd. Sublimity of style, i-flir'***^
(title, appellation), c.^ IM ;•
L^\A\alkdh); (the hand of a wati:
dial), i^-^j^ ^akrab; (a pointed irs
steel for writing on wax, etc), ^^ "
kdlam huldd, aS^ marbm.
Subdivide, v. aLJS^ a^ iasMsiWi^'
See Divide.
SUB
(1005)
SUB
bdiTision, (Jti «muI7 taJcAm t&nl. See
HTirion.
bdue...0lb^/a<«AMtei.^uJCi;
aghdUah ^ala\ tl,CU7 iamdUdk. See
/onquer, Oyeroome, Tame, Crash.
Mued, c^^U^ m^^fl^. See Con-
[ueredy Oyeroome.
bdaer, $. \^\£,ghalihj ^li/d[^t%,^li
dMrfJ^ hahh&r. See Conqueror.
bjacent, vji^^^a^ foA^.
bjecty «. (one who lives under the do-
oinlon of another), i^j ra^iffoh, wJ
aba^, ijuj taba^at. See Sdbject, adf.
Subjects, UU; ra^yd, ^\y tawdbi^.
lee People.
bject (of a discourse), ^^y>«^ ma^nd',
^^4mx^ madmUn, The subject and pre-
licate, «. and oi^*. ^^^^ /»«xaX^ o/ m«-
vol khdbar,
bject (living under the obedience of
nother), ^^U^ m«^f ^, ^>l7 ^d^'^. See
tributary. — (obnoxious, liable), ^^^^o^
Jt mu^rad ila\
bject, r. wIL iayya^. See Subject,
Enslave. — To subject (make liable),
Jt {jOjX^ Aaa ^amalaho mu^rad da'.
m
)jected, j^^s^ makhar, L^j\x^ magK-
lb. See Subdued.
yjection, jLijf inkiydd, ZclLl ttd^at,
ee Subjugation. — To offer to come
nder subjection, Ia^^\j^\ OMhar al
*'d^t.
>join, V, uJljl add/. See Anuex,
ain, Add. [cf^^ mulhak,
>joined, subjunctive, ^Lo/* muddf,
vjugate, V, See Subdue, Subject.
jugation, v,, Jti7 tayhattuh,^ kaMr,
UmaUdk, See Subjection. —
The subjugation of kingdoms cr coun-
tries, jLIt^Ci3U.43l ^ faih al mu'
mdUk wal bildd.
Subjunction, jlsM iOwk^ ij\^\ tddfah
(pi. C^liUi^ muddfdt).
Sublimate, r. (chemically), Juu^ '^^tt^'
See Exalt, Elevate.
Sublimation, Juxno? ta$^d.
Sublimate. See Quicksilver.
Sublime, ^Jfj rafi^ ^JU ^aft, ^<^La
9dml, k^L& «Adi9ifM. See High, Lofty,
Grand, Haughty. — The sublime (style),
Ci-^Ul^l itndb, ^)\c fjM nafat ^lu
Sublime, «. See Sublimate, Exalt, Im-
prove.
Sublimely, ^^j^^y^ u^ ^^^ t*^^ ^^
irtifd^, ^U i^y bi wajhin ^dh.
Sublimity, ^^j^ irii/d^, ^ ^ti/a, )L
^aid. [restrial.
Sublunary, ^j\ ardi. See Earthly, Ter-
Submarine,^^t %ju^a^ taht al bahr.
Submerge, submersion, 9. ^jG. gharik.
See Drown. — 0 ray Master, know that I am
a stranger, and I was in a ship, and was sab-
merged in the sea with certain others of the
passengers; but Ood supplied rne with a wooden
tub, and I got into it, and it bore me along
until the waves cast me upon this island
Submission (obedience, humility), J^fiU^t
itd^at, ^ydi^ kkudu^; (surrender),
aJuwJ ta$llm. With all submissioUi
c ya»^ JCi bikol khudH^f c j»aj jCf
Jlfj^^ iiito/ iadarru^ wa ibtihdl. See
Submissively.
BUB
(1006)
SUB
Sabmiraive, ^Jla^ mutl^ ^Icw Ihddi^,
ff j^^ khadU^. To be BabmissiTe,
Submissively, ^ V <-^ ^*^ tawddu^^
c a.ui>j jUajI J^ ^»i^/ inkiy&d wa
khudU^. See Witb all submission. —
To beg submissively, ^jm^I Utamas.
L:uj * liflUJ b>l
Submissivcness, ^^»flf^ MtM^fi^. See
Submission.
Submit, V, (yield, acquiesce in the autho-
rity of another), ^ILHl a jJ haddam al
it&^t, JLj sallam. See Surrender. —
So thereupon we put out our riches and our
treasures, locked the gates of the fortresses in
our city, and submitted ourselves to the decree
of our Lord, committing our case to our Master,
and thus we all died, as thou beholdest, and
left what we had built and what we had
treasured, ljJ^j-^\ ^j^^ Jul ■ j ^
Subordinate, ^1=^ fWM^oJt^, (^m^ mu-
ta^aUik. See Inferior (subject).
Subordinately, ip^jJjSLAi hi asghar da-
rajat.
Subordination, ^Itl itd^at, ^ydr>^khu-
du^. See Subjection, Discipline.
Suborn, v, Jtj JaWa/, i^j ,ixcl a^<a'
M
Subornation, LU^l irtishd.
Suborned, ^^J^j^ murtashl.
Suborner, ^^^^ ra»Af.
Subscribe, v, ^ J^ ^flZ/^m cafa', l--^
v^-^-^ ifcato^ ^aA^ ; (write one's name),
amda^ ; (to give consent), J^J ^&^/,
j^«^ r«rfl. See Consent,
Subscribed, ^^^aa^ mumda\ Subscribed
and sealed (especiallj by a j^
Jjff***^j ^^oA^ mumia^ tM wmi^L
Subscriber, i^ JuL« muka^yid imi
ij^ ?^^^ w^di^ tmnako.
Subscription, \^6^\ imdd.
Subsequent, Jla!\ attdh, gjj JP «^
tikrdho. Subsequent or sabseq^sa^ti
Jju Ja^c?. See After, Followii^J
Subsequent to which, lI^J a» ^^
wamin ha^d sudik.
Subservient, Jui^ mu/id, ^\j tsk
See Useful, Convenient, Sabordlss^
Subside, r. (sink to the bottom, as '.:l
sediment of liquor, etc), . <-9 -i
^.^\ r«Ma' /f «/ ^iiifcA. Sec Seti
Subsidiary (assisting, broaght in £
^^U^ mu^win.
Subsidy, s. <Olc\ t^nakf *3^J^^ w*i
musd^adah.
Subsist, V. ^ *a^, «-=^ »«ft'<, ♦'- ^
See Continue, Exist, Bemain."'
bave tbe means of liring, to be ce
tained), ^\^\^kj3j^ J^w"^
hasal ^ala* dururiydt dl ma-JUL
Subsistence, *^^^ umjud. See Exists:
Continuance. — (maintenance), ^**
ma^^dsh, ^U-J\ iZj\ij^j^ ddrvrt;''
(U ma^ash. See Sustenance, Compeb^ff-'
was enjoying a most comfortable Hie cs-i -
most pure happiness, until it occurred t i
mind to travel again to the lands ci >."
people, and 1 felt a longing for tcmxr
tran§actions and the pleasure of f««i32 -^'
countries and islands, and gaining mj m^
ence, Jj^^\^ ^jL^si\ ^ ci-^ v
(j^'omJ^ . Nov I had heud tin: -
SUB
( 1007 )
SUB
lethods of sabsistence are them, administra-
lon, commerce, husbandry, and handicraft; so
engaged successively in each of these four,
a see which was most proper and advantageous
)r me ; but I found none of them such as to
lerit my approbation, or such that I might de-
ive a life of comfort therefrom, c: ^'^S^
:l;jl4^I Ui * jJJlj jJ^\ l^\J^'i
Mistent, subsisting, *^j^y maujud,
)stance, fj**^ jins, iZj\j zdt, *^^j
Tujud. See Thing, Body, Matter. —
essential part), jib^jawhar, (J^\ asl,
►ee Essence, Body, Matter. — (solidity,
rmness), »y hiJLwaL The substance
r result, ^L^cui natljat. The substance
f the words, /«KS1 hs^cj natljat al
aldm. Substance (means, wealth),
jl^! amwdl, ^^kc gh%na\ ^\j riik
pl. ^^jj\ artdk). See Fortune, Biches,
realth.
>8tantial (partaking of or belonging
) substance), t^j^^ jawkarl, ^j\j
itl; (firm, strong), ^^jj kawJ, ^\j
28ikh ; (wealthy), Jt« y^^.^'wl^ sdhih
\dh See Rich.
(stantials (essential parts), ^}ya\ usUl,
u\Mj;Jt7 tahl^dt, jJb\^ jawdhir.
^stantiality, j^y>' jawhar, J jL* mad-
it. See Substance.
«tantially (with reality of ezist-
ice), ^jJb^^cjj^ hinaw^in jaw-
iri ; (strongly, solidly), ^cy a>-y
IwajhinkawJ, d,LJ^\^/i alkaklkat,
^e Truly, Beally. — (wealthily), J^j
^ hikol ghina\ [stance.
stantialness, ^^ jawhar. See Sub-
stantiate, V, (make to exist), ^dx^-
wa habaho al wujud. See Realize.
Substantive, a. (noun), ci^f jJl ^1 tm
aaadt. Substantive and adjective, ^^t
ijuA\ i^\^ Cl.>1 JJI Urn OKidt toa ism al
aiffah.
Substitute,!', (one thing for another), Amp^
^yc ja^alaho ^awad, Jjj <0l^ ^ama-
laho hadal. See Change. — (one person
for another), (j<o^ ^^ wakalaho ^awad.
Substitute, «. j^\JL$ ajIS kdyitn makdm,
J^ toakil, v-^lj ndyih, r-^L^ mu-
hdshir. See Deputy. — (asuccedaneum),
Jjj hadal (pl. Itjj hudald).
Substituted (instead of a thing), Jju^
muhaddal, J«V^ tnutabaddal»
Substitution, iJl^ss:^ tahtdl, Jjj hadal
(pl. lljj hudald), JjJcJ ^a^(ft/, JIjjI
ti^ia/. [See Evasion, Trick.
Subterfuge, s. ^^^ hilah, ^Lsf^ hujjat.
Subterraneous, ^J^ ^J^.'^a^ taht al ard,
Sabtile (thin, fine), (JUij rakxk, i^-iial
latlf. See Slender, Delicate (artful,
refined, penetrating, shrewd), ^ J Jlaa
^akl %akl. See Acute, Cunning, Sly,
Deceitful.
Subtilely, ixSjj J^ hikol rafd^ah, JCf
Ajj hikol rikka^. See Finely, Thinly,
(artfully, slily), iL^ J^ hikol hilah.
Subtileness, subtility (thinness, fineness),
^jrikat; (refinement, cunning,shrewd-
ness), <lL»> hllat,
Subtilties, ^^j L.^1 M^yd rakikah.
Subtilization,j^^C takrir.
Subtilize, v. (make fine or thin), wO
ntf&cflm, ^^ ro^c ; (to display sub-
tility of genius, to make metaphysical
distinctions), ^\p tardfa^, ^li . ^J^4^
^oma/ rafd^ah.
sue
( 1008 )
sue
Subtle. See Sabtile, Sly.
Subtly. See Subtny, Slily.
Subtract, «. (arithmetically), )ajLa »akai.
Subtraction, )aJL» takt.
Subversion, l-^^1 Mkildb, a\»X^\ inhi-
dam, AjJb hadm. [rah.
Subversive, L-Ji^ yMab, ^js^^^ ffttkh-
Subvert, v. S-y>^ kharah, (..^ kalah,
j^dJb hadam. See Overthrow, Buin,
Destroy. [kaditn.
Subverted, c,,»jU^ makluh, /% J^f^ mw»-
Subverter, *. <---yB^ mukhrih. See De-
troyer.
Suburb, 9. ij Jbilt ^^ to-jU- *;U- ^rtf
hh&rijah ^n almadlnat, ij\jJ ^U «dyi%
5arranf.
Suburban, inhabiting the suburbs, ^1
^1^^ fC^^^ M al BiUffdyih al harra-
niyah.
Succedaneum, a, fji^ ^wad, J JJ hadal
(pi. Hjj hudaH&y To use as a aucce-
daneum, Jju 5a(^/.
SuccedaneouB, J»V^ muthadal.
Succeed, i;. (follow in order), ^J tahi^.
See Follow (to come in place of
another, to be successor), ^^qI^ khalaf,
c^^JLe ^kah\ (to prosper), ^^ ta-
Ufoffttk, J^ najaK Tovsucceed to an
estate, ^^^)^ wereL See Inherit To
succeed alternately (as day and night,
or one man to another, by rotation),
l^Uji tai&kahu. To cause to suc-
ceed (or prosper), ^j}^ waffdk. See
Prosper — To cause to succeed (as one
to another), Sxi tX»^Ut la^ilicj ft^Jt^-
jS^V^ ja^al-ahum yata^akabu al w&hid
ha^d al akhar.
Success (what follows), itiU ^akihah.
Good success, ^^ LiU ^dkihat kkayr.
Bad success, ^ Jj ZiU ^aHhsi ni-
yah. See Fortune.
Successful, ^\j nSjih. SeePro^ea.
SuccessfuUy, ^laT^ JUi^ J6 WWi-
wa najdh. See Prosperondy, Icn:^
nately.
Successfolness, ^IssTikj^sA. SccSkr^
Succession (a aerira of persons o' tb^
following one another), djis^lk^
jj\y tawdh. See Lineage.— A ri
cession (inheritance), f^\;i^ ^
See Heritage.— Uninterrupted sua
sion, *-J J|/ tardduf. In snaas^
JlyJb ii/ tou^aft. See SuccefiSTt|
—Thus I did nntil the nnnmoner ct ^
came to my abode, and diuasters ««^
before me. And the case was t\as: >i
years in succession came nponus. duriEr^.j
no water descended on ns from beaTeiLE^J
any grass grow for us on the face of lit «»
Successive, ^';S^ mutawdll,J\j^ »«
Successiveness, ^^^ tawdh.
Successively, ^J^l^ ^ t*^' *^'^
Successively from father (o son, ^«ii
Successor, «. ^^i^iif^- ifcAo^oA.
Successors, Uifv. khtdafd.
^}iQdTiQi,j,aiJL%mukia9ar. SceSomfft"
Short, Brief. A succinct di8C0Tii» "
j>'y kaldm mHjoi,
Succinctly ,jL3:i:^ 3b htlikkiiidr.j^
hil muktasar, ^^jc2r^ ^tjiJ ^^'*
sue
( 1009 )
SUF
lively andsaccinctly, J U^^I^^JrfKidiiJ \)
)il iafill wal ijmdL
ccory (plant), bjuJb hindibd,
Dcour, JX« madad, ^Icl i^fMh,djj\xy
lu^dwanah, uJIju>1 is^f,j\s^\ tmddd.
iee Assistance, Aid, Help. — Tosaccoor,
IlcLi «ac0i. See Aid, Help, Assist.
3Goared, JlcIam^ mu8d^ad.
3Coarer, s. J^Lu^ musd^d,
sconrless, J^Lm^ ^L« mdlaho muad^d.
3calent (juicy, moist), a^J dusim.
leniency, ijjffj rutuhat.
$cumb, V. See Yield, Sink, Faint,
scussion, (shaking), CS^ijSi^ tahriJt,
^j^ harakah, 2r*jb hasse, ^Los^ khadddh.
;h, \^ijb hakasd. In sach manner
lat, f^\ cyj binaw^an, Sach a one,
^ JUdn (fern. ^!Li JUdnah). The
aster of the Te»el had caused her sails to be
•read, and pursued his voyage with those who
id embarked, not regarding such as had been
ibmerged, c^-^f ^U u^J^j^ '^j
u^ cir^ uT^ Lli-^Aib . Such was the
se of these princes. As for the old woman,
e remained alone in her house ; and the Lady
mya longed to divert herself in the garden,
, V. {jc/9 ma»$, ^ij rade^ See
bibe. Drain.
(act of sacking), ^^^^ moM, ^\jj
la^h. See Milk.
er (one who sucks), ^^j rddt^;
young twig), cy Jlr^. See Shoot,
rhe sucker of a yine, J^ ffhan (pi.
£ ghurUt),
ingy i'tfr^* ^^^j Tddi^^ ^^j ^^i;
Sucking the fingers, ijui\^\ ^jcJ^
Suckle, 9. wi^ I radi^
Sudden, \J^ faj^y- ^ sudden unex-
pected accident, »*\s? fajaah.
Suddenly (on a sudden), ^dii _Le ^M
ght^h^ i\j^ fajaatanf dsJo haghUUan,
To rush upon suddenly, aLlic_lc ^^
A^Vvm ^o/a' ghaflat.
Sudorific (promoting perspiration), Jy^
mu^rrih. Sudorific medicine, ^^«^i^ J
dawd mu^arrik.
Suds, ^y l^t t« md M^difin.
Sue, V. (beg, entreat), 9^^/>^ tadarrac,
(•.^.JlL ^0^3, ^^^M^l iltamoB, To sue at
law, |Ju£ (<£«3Jt ind^^ \^y (J^*^
^Jl£ ^^J ^amo^ da^wah ^M, See
Litigate.
Suet, ^»^ #^Am. See Fat, Tallow.
Suffer, V. (bear with patience), Jas^^-]
iMamal, ^jAae:^ iahammal, j^ sabar.
See Bear, Endure. — ^To suffer loss,
khe80r,j»aj\ indar. To suffer pain,
tawajja^. To suffer misfortunes, ^j
L ^ ioaka^fl hold. To suffer punish*
ment, ^^.^U? ta^dkah. To suffer or
allow, ^^^ samah, ^^sLj ^Jafl tf^to'
m^hsah. See Permit. — Then he bestowed
alms and gifts, made presents to all his flimily
and friends, and began ■ to eat and drink
well, and wear handsome apparel, and asso-
ciated with friends and companions, and he
forgot all that he had suffered, ^JXaj Ji
CI7 <.-yu^ iLt J^L j\^^ iAsf^S^
Sufferable, J'^cac^ yuhtamaL See
Tolerable. [Tolerably.
Sufferably, JUip- b St i%^fm<3/. See
64
SUI
( 1010 )
BTTL
Sofferanoe, suffering (pain), J\ alam,
^^^ioi^'a^; (patience), ^^foM*. See
Moderation. — (toleration), ifj^\ fjf^-
%ah, Aidfi^j rukhioh. See Permianon. —
Long Boffering. See Patience.
Suffered, endured, ^^asjbt^ mMu$ndl;
(permitted),J>U^ytfyts, Aj -.^4wyub/« amm-
mUh hihi.
Sufferer, t. (one who Buffers pain or Iobb),
aw ioqfa^.
Suffice, V, (to be sufficient), ,^ kafa\
^haffa\ See Supply, Afford, Satisfy.
Sufficiency, h\ii kafayat, \is^\ iktafa.
See Competence.
Sufficient, Jl^hdfl, SeeEnough,PIenty.
Sufficiently, ^l}\si Jsafayatan, ii\ii\\i hU
kifdffah, fJ^ ^9^, hinaw^n kd/l.
Suffocate, v. (juLi faitas, ^jjci\ ^JbS
kaia^ annafa8, (J:<^ khanak.
Suffocated, JLxis^ mukhtan^. To be
suffocated, JU*:xfiL \ ikhianak, A^mAJ m\ni] \
inkata^ nafiuaho.
Suffocation,^^^tfij]lc\kftjl inkitd^annafiu.
Suffirage, iZJya tawt (pi. iZ^\ya\ oitcdt).
See Vote.
Sugar, JL» ntkkar. Sugar-candy, iLs
CL^LJ sukkar nabdi. A dealer in sugar,
JLi cUj hayyd^ sukkar. The sugar-
cane, ^Ja^ L,,.^*^'? kasab mas. Dressed
with, preserved with, or made of, sugar,
jLJU JtAx^ mu^akkad HI sukkar.
Suggest, r. (hint), jUil a«Aar; (advise),
^^^ nasah.
Suggestion (hint), 5j\JL\ Mdrat,- \aj\
ifnd; (advice), ^Uv^ naslhat.
Suicide, ^j,Mi\ Jzj kail anna/s; (the
person), ^Uma; JjIj JtdM nafsaho.
Suit, f. (set, number of things corre-
sponding to one anotlier), tS^ i^
(regular order), aUoJ nisdm. See^es
— (retinue), fJ^*^^ f^*^>^ 1iM»-\
hasham. See Train. — (a petitioc. s
dress of entreaty), ^j^ if^ ^
Lawsuit.
Suit, V, (agree with), ^jJ Ubtk, w-
ndsab, jS Idk, jilj wdfai; is*.
adapt), (^^.wU ndtah, ^ Idd.
Suitable, J3\y muwdfik, ^^^ ^
ndsib, JjJ Idya, ^^ Pife^
And he said. On my woxiL O mr 9«r.w
is suitable to thy son exctptinp tbf ^
Joharah, the daughter of the Ku? » ai
and she is like him in beauty and b^clar
and elegance and perfection, ^;^'
i^byr iiMytS dXijI ^-^J^
Suitableness, iii^y muwdfalat, ««-'
mundsabat, &U liydkai, iU.*lk«fffl
hakat
Suitably, &»^^ JCj hikol mmti!^
. JLdL^ J^ hihjl mundsahai, 4^V ^
Mb/ liyakdh.
Suitor, t. 3*\^^ c-JlL <a» »iraii *
Lover. — (a petitioner), ^j**^:^^
mas, ^JSjrn^ mustiuL^. SeeSapp^
Candidate.
Sullen, Li kahd, JLaj sakil,
See Gloomy, Angry, Morose,
Sullenly, aJUj J6 ^io/ sakalat.
Sullenness, jli^f ^tnd^f, ZiU.'
See Morosenees, Malignity, 0
SuUy, s. L-^
Blemish, Disgrace.
Sullied, L^iyjt^ m4$^yiih
Sulphur, ci-o^ A*JH<.
Sulphureous, sulphury, tfir^
Sulphureouanessy
^(i^h,j\c ^dr, See^
nury, j^i
,jtf<;
SUM •
( 1011 )
SUM
Itan, ^UaLs tuUdn. See King.
Itana, sultaness, ^UaLi ndidnah,
Itansy fjiiff^ utldtin. A sultanryy the
>ffioe and dominion of a soltan, ^ulaL»
altanat. See Kin^om. — ^Then he rose from
he throne of the kinsdom, and went in to his
nother, having upon his head the crown, and
esembling the moon; and when hiB mother
aw him, she rose to him and kissed him, and
ongratulated him on his eloTation to the high
ignity of Sultan ; and she offered np a prayer
1 favour of him and his &ther for length of
ife, and yictory over enemies, z*^ /»^
ItrinesSy^^ hwr^ l^j^^ hamdtpaL See
try, jl>- hSr. [Heat.
n, 8. (of money), ^^ maUagh (pi.
JL^ mdb&ligh), A sum total, ^^^
tm^f SSj^ jamlai, A principal snm,
\J\ asl, JU ^jM\jrdsmdl, See Capital,
'rincipal. — The snm (substance or re«
lit), J^^U- hdsil, ^^^^ natljah (pi.
f*}cj natdyij). The snm or sabstanoe
f a speech, aKSI ^-^¥^ natljat al ha-
lm. See Summary, Height, Comple-
on, Compendium.
3, V, (compute), c^L*>- Ji^ix ^amal
'sdh, ^u^kp^jama^; (to collect into a
irrow compass), J^^*^ jamah See
9mprise, Comprehend. — To sum up
1 (upon the whole), iL^\ (J /f al
tnlah, J^tflssl alhdiil,j^i\ iA^ na-
If/at alamr, |^L£r^l ikhtisdran,
imed, c y^^ majmH^, [merable.
iless, t— .>L»fw li hild hisdh. Seelnnu-
ndlan, JUp-IU htl ijmdl, |jlajH
zsan.
Summary,yidi^ mukhtawrfj^aoLtmuk-
tasar, Jj»ag;H ^^^ mtdakkkJuu at-
tafilL See Short, Brief. — ^A summary
(compendium), jLdiil tkiudr, JU^I
ifmdl, j^asJs^ mukhtasar, J\sf^ ijd%.
Summer, t— a^^ mj^. A summer house,
a house for summer residence, t^On^a^
masyaf. See Villa. — A place o<xi-
structed under ground for keeping pro-
Tisions oool in summer, »j\k^ magkdra.
Summer, v. or pass the summer, cflj*^
Summer, a<^'. ^^a^ «ay/l.
Summit, ^^^ ra«. The summit of a
mountain, J^s^t (jmI^ rd« 0/ /o^o/.
See Top.
Summon, v, i^^JJ? <a/a5,y^2cul Utahdar,
iAi\j^ f^AS- ^mal murdfa^h. A sum-
moner, j»^£s^ muhdir. See Officer of a
court, Tipstaff.
Summons, s^J da^ah (pi. cdLcJ dac-
todt), <Ui1^ mtird/Si^iiA. A judicial
summons in writing, jA^ icldm.
For three days he remained in his house, and
on the fiiurth day the Khaleefeh sent to sum-
mons him, and, when he had presented himself
hefore him, said to him, Where is the mur-
•
derer of the damsel ? jLSj^ ^ u*^^
iuuii j^j\ ^\j\ ^^f ^^; ^[A ^
4^1 Jj 15 ^J J JU *J1 jJt Ui »5;^
Summoned, SycJ <uLs ^layhi da^wa.
Sumpter-horse, ». J-^^^^aT jjij Jo gidUh
tahmll. [assa^u.
Sumptuary, ^jl\ Ju^ ^yli kdnun didd
Sumptuous, ^K^ mukaUaf, j^Jac> ^a&im,
^U fdkhir. See Costly, Rich, Ex-
pensive, Splendid, Magnifioent. — He celebrated
festivities, gave sumptuoDs bauquets, conferred
robes of hooonr upon all the princes and the
generals of the army, bestowea alms upon the
poor and the needv, and set at Ubertr all the
prisoners; and tne people rejoiced at the
accession of the king JCamar ea Zaman,
SUIT
( 1012 )
scir
\^Vi j^--!^ ^ i^\ jJl^I jJl^
Snmptaoiuly, K4Vir J^ hkol ^wmmt^
SomptooiuneHy <<4Vir ^aMM«^,y^; f4iAfi,
Jig^/rifllSeeSplendogTyKagnificonce.
Son, #. (y*4M& f Amm. The Bim's ooune^
fj»iJ^\^J^ tarik aihtham. The
diac or face of the Bon, ^^^^1 ^^
yirifi oihihami. See Orb.^The light
of the San, |^fM*4yuJ\jy isflr m^^bm.
To ezpoBe to the son, ^tA^*i\\j jJSiu
nathar huhiham$. Any phu^e ezpoeed
to the sun, ^jttAJui^ mathmat. See
Sunny. — The sun of religion (a title
or proper name), ^;£ jJt ^J'^^^ iAam«
adain. And behold, the sun was hidden, and
the sky became dark, and the son was relied
from me. I therefore imagined that a clood
had come over the aan, ^^^^aJS^^j 1 j|^
X^Ux^^^^uiH. Prayer to the Sun- God,
How magni6cent thou art, 0 Great Light, how
beautifdl and how bright ! The eyes cannot
enjoy the pleasure of looking at thee. If tbon
art the first and principal light aboTe whom
there is no other light, let all the glory, all the
praises be nnto thee ! It is thee that we seek,
and unto thee that we want to proceed, in order
that we may obtain a dwelling-place near to
thee, and may admire what thou hgst created
in the high regions. But if there is abore thee
and superior to thee another Light, to whom
thou art subserrient, let these praises and this
glory be nnto him. (Our sun is supposed to
reTolve round a oentral sun at the rate of 2,200
miles a minute ; yet the whole reyolution re-
quires 18,200,000 of our years.) We have
exerted ourselves, and haye giren up all the
pleasures of this world, to become like thee, to
join thee in thy world, and to be united unto
thee io thy dwelling-^ace. If the supposed
caused sun is so beautiful and so magnincent,
what must be the beauty, the magnificence, the
glory, and the perfection of the first Son who
isOeenM! Ijisftiiiiai ftetotf?^
oae w^ looks fer haiiiiM to fibsBfr-.
to obtoin a a««Qiif-pbc« i: ':
ofimiaoaxtatjjin.:
ffiMlitytea tbe immBmaeBf at iht bis^ (
liishoBtBaiidlbUowexBy^vlx:--^ •<
jL2)S\ jjA^ ^j^^ ^? <^W* ^/
z^\ vi^ J3 CC1\>!L' iL
i^\jii\ ,H-«*- ^^J i_JltX:d
Ww
jlU ^ JrL A»^ ^^J^'^.J^
1} >< iSS
Son-dial, ZjJlJ^JI f^ljJl addapr:
hindiyat.
Sunk (immersed), ^jJieXs. ghdtu^ j
gharhan ; (gone low), tj^y^ ^
fu». See Sink. — ^And as they were prpt'r-
one day they came to a pillar of Uki »"
wherein was a person sunk to his in:
u«*^ M> '*.^-*' j^^ cr* ■^
Sanless, ^juaJL 1j htld ihami.
Sunlike, sanny (like the eon},
Sunny (exposed to the sun), ^J^ *'
Sunrise, ^^^m^^uuJI c jlk
See Morning.
I continued sittine in the same ^Axt ^
set^ in a state of distraction from tb ^^
SUP
( 1013 )
SUP
be house from which the young lady had
ooked out, so I knew that he must he her rather,
Jjij ^As;. g\jj} XifT. i^SSij ^[f
osbine, |_^»m4>m3^ 4J <{m0 atkihams.
p, V. (drink by monlMiilB), ,J^ >ha-
ak. See Sip. — (to eat supper), ^gutxi
m
a^itshsJu^. To dine and sap, lS*^
ap, djjJ^ sharta. See Sip. [abound,
^eraboond, v. jlj %dd. See Over-
[>erabiindancey ^(^Wj ^iy^a^K ^j^
asarat. See Exuberance,
perabnndant, jjIj %dy%d,jJ^ huHr.
jerabundantljy Ju\j ^^^ hiwajhin
iyidf \j^ ka^ran. See Exuberantly.
)eradd, v. xJ^jj)^ kaiiar hi tay&dah.
ee Aogmenti Increase.
)eradditiony i^^^ij tiyddah.
>eraddedy \s^ Jjtj zdyidjiddan.
)erannuate, v, ^^j*i^\i ^^jfio ta^an Hhin,
)eramiuation| ^^^b i^iAAsSt attakaddum
thin.
>erannoated| fj^J^^i ^^0 td^in hihin,
>erb, A«l3£ ^asdm. See Grand, Splen-
idf Magnificent. [Splendidly.
lerbly, ^ulxe J^ biiol ^Mamat, See
^roiliouBy Jf^^:>^ mutakahhirf j^f^
aghrHr, See Haughty, Contemptuous.
terciliouBly,^^^ J^ hikol takahiur.
lerciliousnessyjiiui takabbur,
»er-eminence. See Pre-eminence.
»er-excellent, J-oil afdal, ^^J^^^
^fdytk ^Mghayrihi, See Excellent.
Superficial (extemal)i k*Mj hMt^ jib^
%ahir, ^J^Mj^ ghayr ^amtkf ^^js^
gaihi; (shallow, futile, trifiing), ^idU
^:jt/t mdlaha ma&na'.
Superficially (externally ),yb\l3!l (-,.^>m'v»
hasdb OEidhir, ^jy^ suratan; (tri-
fiingly), ^/Ajb jCi bUcol hals,
Superficialness (superficies), ^uJl^U?
tdhir ashahy, ijyc mrat See Surface.
— (trifiingness, futileness), Jl^b ^^J^
shy hatU, [See Super-excellent
Superfine, >iiU mufiahhar, JU ^al
Superfluity, superfluousnees, if jUj s'V^-
dah^ i^ haaarat. See Surplus, Super-
abundance.
Superfiuous, JjIj %dyidy ^\ifddil,j^
kaairyjy\:sx^ mutajdwisi. See Super-
abundant, [bi^ah.
Superhuman, ^^^jMUt Jf^li fdyik atta-
Superintend, v, ^Lc^U nd%ar ^ala', j\^
m
j0\j sdr nd%ir. See Oversee.
Superintendence, ijia'\i^ tmmdaarat. See
Oversight.
Superintendent, ^V^ mubdshir, ^l^U^
munazir. And he made me hii superintendent
of the seaport, and r€ffi:i8trar of eyery yessel that
came to the coast. I stood in his presence to
transact his affairs, Ltlc ^Jkjx ^^;lit>-j
Superiority, u^ JwT taghaUuh, ^uli yAn-
/(S^aA, Ls^l iatild, /^j3j takaddum. To
affect a superiority over others, f^A>s>
ij^ ^Iaj^ ^l>- ^amal hdlaho halUr
^M yhayriki.
Superior, ^^ ^dh, (JLS^ fawidnl,
jiae\ a^m. See Higher^ Greater. —
To become superior, . Jx u,J,tf to-
SUP
( 1014 )
V\
«i4 ilrV* 2:^
rSMv f
m Uke hiifirtWr ii»0l ib
Mid: I m told tint vWb tke tnbe «£
mipawri0thtem^hokmum,9md]etnl it br
iMst UketlMfint ekaptar of the Kom, nd
to thb d«y BiiMdpr itAc boit loiw far Aar
ehiklica, ad man TidaaUe to Omi ^n a
gift of pure gold, d-f^^ Jjj^t J^JkU
8operior, t. i^mj^ rii^yw. See Chief,
Lord« — A superior of a monaateiyy
^Ljb^^ f^j rjyyw omMan. See
Abbot, Prior.
Saperlatiye, ^^j U J^oif a/iU «i4 yo-
ten. A roperlatiTe nonn, JULJ1 ^\
iitn al nmbdUghatj Jj«nr.i< ^^f tifm a/
Snperlativelj, iffSLo J6 Mb/ mifkl^
Saperlatirenew, iaSL^ muhdlaghat,
Sapematnral, dic^^ j;iU/<Syt2;a^^a^^.
See Snperhaman.
Sapemamerary, ^^Lu^f ^^ fawh oil
hiidh, 4) J^l ^JC tXAj wayid ^ al ^dad.
Superscribe, v. WjiC^Jl ^\^ S-^
ib^^r^ ^nwdn al maktuh.
Superscribed, i>Ama\jjS^ muharrir ismaho.
Superscription, Lo^l mdd.
Supersede, v. ^ nasakh, Jiu hattal,
Jlail ahtal
Superstition, J^\i jUbxl i^ikdd hdtil,
- I
StraeUue.
r. SeaSopessi:
Supine (lyi^on tlie back), J^J^
i^ wmfmmMiiii ^ sdMi ; >:
Hgent, laxj, renuM), J^fi m^
JiU /AajH J-JJ laiUdL See O
lefli^ Indolent, BemiflB, Drowij.'K^
ligenUy), JUa^ JC^ WWOpo/, 'g^
leraeas), JUa\ Om^. Seelo^las
Snpper, l^ij^ ^aiAa. The Lord's Sep^r
^)\ \:lA\ Ml ^ftkd mrrMim, '^
f^^\ al ^oikd Mtarrf. To ^
snpper, ^<'uLhf ^asksk^. Sapper p^
dnea most of thedimiieBB obKTTalib Hi:br|
Snpperleas, Im^ L ^& ^
Snpplant, 9. (displace «r tan <^ ^
. stratagem), dLJU dl^c ^mWff '^'•
^A See Cheat; Trip up.
Supple, Jib ddha, uJjU^ ««r
^^XflsUnttiit^al. See Riant, Fki^
Limber.— (yielding, sof^, not ois:
nate), ^--U^ ^^ layffmatt^'^
Supple, V. (make pliant), *«J? j? ^
tah^aho; (to become pliant), ^*.
/an M^aAo.
Supplement, *. <t4y4^ iftwwM ^*
kamdlal, Jj J soy^ |*U3 ^«sfl«'
Supplemental, supplementary, J^
Suppleness, ^\ iU faydi»«^ «^':
See FlexibiHty, Pliantne8i,CoBq«**
STJP
( 1015 )
SUP
iippliant, supplicating, ^^^M^cLt muUa-
mi$, ^^'^^c^ mutamannl, ^^^^ vm^-
tafl, '^/'oa^ mtUadari^, Jf^ ^^
tahU. In a suppliant manner, J^
Jlfjlj Ij^ ^^^ tadanru^ wa ibtih&l.
applicate, v. 9/^ tadarra^, l5^-/
tarajia\ ^ji^^MUamM^^J^ tamanna\
To supplicate heaven, f/^aJ tadarra^t
ijfj\ ibtahal. See Pray, Implore,
Entreat,
application, ^^tcSI iUimdtf ^^>^ to-
manni, ftJ-oJ tadarru^ JW^' ibtik&l.
See Prayer, Entreaty. — With the
tongue of supplication and humility,
j\32ji\^ 9y^\ ^J^. hUUanatiadarru^
ical iftikdr,
apply, V. (give, yield, aflEbrd), |%iXj
kaddam. See Furnish.— (to succour),
j^Ls 8d^. To supply the place (of
anything), ijo^ ^wwad, Jjj hadal.
See Substitute.— To supply the place
of (a person), ^Jk3 fjoyiji^ tSr ^wad
JUdn.
apply, 8. (succour), JJ^ tnadad, ij\&\
iadnah, ij^\x/t ma^wanat, yArLt*^
musd^adai. See Subsidy. — To ask
sDppUes or assistance, t^AS^A uiamad.
ipport, V. (bear up), J-*i>-\ ihtamal;
(prop), J>:»^ aanad; (to endure), ^^
sahoTf (Jao^ tahamnud, fjAS>>-\ ihta-
mal; (to defend, befriend), ^ \^^
hdfna^ ^an, c^^rv^Ug jU sdr tdhih.
See Pavour.
ipport (prop), OCmmi sanad, J*4i£ ^mildf
Lsr^ i?ui{;d ; (assistance), JX« madad,
^Lcf t^ifikiA; (necessaries of life,
maintenanoe), ^liwJl cybjjj^ du-
ruriydt al ma^dsh, [Tolerable,
ipportable, J >»"■ rv; ffMamal. See
Supported (propped), Jyuuu.^ mMniii;
(sufiEered), J.«xs:^ mMamal; (main-
tained), jf-^ muibirrar; (assisted,
favoured), fe^.L*^ mah/ut, lc^*^-***
maAffif . To be supported or propped,
OOmJI ifuanad; (to be maintained),
.^ takarrar; (to be assisted), JjU
2F«X£Lu«« tdr /a^ muad^adah.
Supporter, «. 43jL> adnid. See Prop.—
(a protector), ^^ ^wl- See Patron,
Defender, Assistant^ Comforter.
Suppose, r. fjaji farad, j^^Li J.^ ^a-
mal htydB, i:ii\ {/JJaibr, J^ takhay-
yoZ, AJ^y tawahham. See Think, Ima-
gine, Conjecture, Pancy. — Suppose,
suppose the case, LiJ faradan. Let
us suppose, ^jOpft-U.i fdlnifrid. By
heaven, if my imagination tell me truth (if 1
guess right), this must be Joharah, and I sup-
pose that when she heutl of the conflict happen-
ing between the two parties, she fled, and came
to this island, and hid herself upon this tree,
Supposable, ^jO;iS^ JjlS ^W tf^ /arrf,
Supposer, # . ^\j sS^tm.
Supposition, suppose, supposal, (jwUS
;fciyd«, ^j la^m, c^)^ rdy, j^^ iraAm,
^ %ann, JL^^ *%d/, ^^jl*^ to^-
mfii. See Opinion, Porce, Imagination.
Supposititious, ^\^ hhiydll, ^^
hiydA, yj^^ wahml. See Spurious,
Imaginary.
Suppress, v. (conceal), yJ^ hkafa' ; (to
abolish), JLj\ ahtal\ (to subdue),
%^Xr. ghalahf L^ dahat. See Quell,
Subdue, Crush. — To suppress evidence.
SUE
( 1016 )
SUE
fj^\ fpi katam al hak. To suppress
intelligence,^^ f a£^ katam al khabar.
Suppressed (concealed), 15*^^ makh/l,
jj^M*^ nuuiHr ; (abolished), JJo^ mu-
hattal; (subdued), (^^m magMuh.
Suppression (concealment), \i:>-\ ikhfd.
Suppressor, concealer, <. 15^^^ mukhfl ;
(an abolisber), Jia^ tnuhattH; (one
who overpowers), c^^SU ghalib.
Suppurate, v. (as a wound), ^i kayyah,
^ ^^A^- ^mal kayh.
Suppuration, .^v-^-iu takylh.
Supremacy, ij\*X,c suddratf ZJjjri-asat
Supreme, ^Jlc\ a^la% j^\ akbar, Jac\
a^iam. A supreme judge, SLasSI ^^^
m
kddl al kuddt Supreme power, i^ jJ
<)laIL« kudrat mutlakah.
Supremely (extremely), <bUj hi gh&yat,
ijUiS lil gh&yatf \^ jiddan.
Sure (undoubted, infallible), l:;^jU tahit,
.ff^^ yaklnl, ^J&s^ muhakkak, J^\
akid. See Certain. — (safe), ^^j^\ amln,
JLd sdlim i (firm, stable), ^^^^^ matin,
ijuolj «<S^tY. Sure-footed, |4 Ji!l liujU
«d3i^ a/ kadam.
Surely, sure, to be sure, f-S^jH Sflcd
waktc, j;-i^1 j^^ ^a/a' attahklk,
UJb yail;lnan, U>> hakkan. See Cer-
tainly.—(firmly), LS-^U ^ft ^ Wwau^-
^•n *a5i7 ; (without hazard), ^^oj^- Sb
5t7a khatar. See Safely, Securely.
Sureness, ^^^ yakin, fj^^s^ tahklk,
fj^ hak. See Certainty. — (safety),
L^L^ salamat, ^Utl amdn.
Surety, suretieship (security, bail),^Uj
damdnat, il\i^ kafdlat, ,A surety
(bondsman), ^»y•\^ ddmin, y}^ kafil
(pi. )U^ kufcUd)y ^jiiA^ damin. See
Ban, Hostage; Sureness, Gertsstr;
Support; Eatification, CoDfiniuti(si.
Snrfiace, ^^ tci^h (pL lyrj mjii;.
^ mM. See Face, Oatsidfi, Sops-
ficies. — The surfiMse of the groirad, i?-.
^Ji\ wajh al ard. The fwAce:
water, ult ^^ iM^halmSi. Akr
surface, ^L^^IL^ softAoA. See I^
Plain.
Surfeit, 1^. ^4^ «Aii^^^. ToBurfdtir^
surfeited, ^-^ ^kebe^. [%ktk
Surfeit, «. ^^ «Aa^^, )b^f tWOd. S&
Surfeited, ^;\«f^ «^^fiii.
Surge, 9. ^y mawj (pL ^^y«l «»?
See Wave,
Surgy, ^^^ mawwdj, [Bide
Surgeon, «. -JJp- jarrdh. See Bsiir
Surgery, Z^|^l Ac ^t7w aljmk^
Surlily, du]^ J^ JOerf liltfrowi. >^
Morosely. [^
Surliness, dJ\jJt» ahardsai. SeeHcitsr
Surly, (juu^ «^M.
Surmise, «. ^Jb^ wahm, Jt^ ^"J
A^ ahubhah. See Suspicion, Ci
jeeture, Doubt.
Surmise, v, ^y tawahham, ij^s^^"
yal. See Suspect, Imagine, Sag^'
Surmount, v. ^^^ \^j^ isiav^^ i^'
^Jii yhalab, 1^ jli /dife jiij'. ^
Conquer, Surpass.
Surmounted, L^)^\it^ maykl^.
Surmountable, c^-^xj yuyhM.
Surname, ». c-^ fa^ (pl^ («.;l21fii^*
To give a surname, «*--^ hkhh*
Sumamed, t—Jl^^ m«Za£b&.
Surpass, v. Jm-» «tf^ai, ^Ic j\^fi^ -^
^li: Aji; takaddam ^«fe',jl-^' V
SUE
( 1017 )
BUR
Ixceed. — ^Thy shape resembles a freeb slender
ranch ; whicn if required gives into everything
iberally ! Tboa sinpassest the horsemen of the
rorld in majesty and in imparting delight,
eauty and beneficence with prodigality!
passed, c-.»^x^ ma^Mith, J^^m*^
tasbuk,
passing, e j\} hdri^. See 8aper-ex-
$Uent. — There was not one of the children of
le inhabitants of the city, men and women,
"mil
2ction,^ J^f J^f *Si^\ ^
lat talked not of the charms of that boy ;
>r he was of surpassing loveliness and per-
plas, Borplasage, ^\j hdkl, J^li
2dil, See Overplus,
prise, 9. (come anexpectedly), ^/u^
Jl£ kahas ^ala\ Haa _lc ^i^ lu^'dm
aid' ghaflat ; (to astonish by something
''onderfol), (jfiJbjt adhash, i— ^,y^
^J/ab; (to confoand, perplex), j^^
prise, «. (surprising, coming upon
oa wares), ii\pAsL^ mufdjdhf ImJ^ kah^
it ; (sudden confusion or perplexity),
%Jb^^dahihat I should have preferred
have taken him by surprise, and spoken
ivately with him, in order to t^t the s(Hidity
' my conjecture respecting him, ^'^y^^
^ijj
J
ui
:>*«
W..,^
prising (wonderful), adj.
vjlb, j-jjj ladl^.
^risingly, ^^(f^ Jh ^^^ ^<!fVi3,
^f^-JlCjhikolhir'ai, J^^|/*aC^f ^
func^n ydhayyir al ^tikid.
>rifled (taken by surprise), \j^^»^
iJtbUs; (confounded, perplexed),
muitarib. To be surprised or
taken by surprise, AiL£>^l&d^\ ukhi*,
^ala* ghafla ; (to be confounded or per-
plexed), ^U. hdr; (to be filled with
wonder), u,,,^iy*^ ta^ajjjah.
Surrender, v. (yield, deliyer up), aL»
ioUam; (to yield up one's-self), Ju«i
^U* BaUam hdlaho. To surrender on
termsyltfji^ _L: JL» aaUam ^M tJmriU.
Suirender, aJunJ ioillm, ^Ikl iid^ah.
See Submission. — They demanded the
suirender of the fort, 4j(lil\ aJuw l^JJ?
talahn ioiUm al Jud^ah.
Surrendered, Juyuw« musaUim, [tine.
Surreptitious. See Fraudulent, Claudes-
Surreptitiously .See Stealth,Clandestinely
Surround, v. kU-l ahdt,j>a>' hoior. To
surround (or invest) a town,.^ld«
hdaar, j\^a^- ^Jax. carnal kisdr. And
the apes came to us ana surrounded the vessel
• on every side, numerous as locusts, dispersing
themselves about the vessel and on the shore,
Surrounded, )o<s^ mukdl^j^^^ mt«n-
hawr.
Surrounding, pa/ri, Ix*^^ mvHAt^ jAsf*
muhdnr. A high wall surrounding a
palace, jJJl jf^l aiwdr al halad,
Surtout, «. (over-coat), ^1?^ mirtu.
Survey, v, ^J^^U ndsutr ^ala*. See
View. — (to measure), ^^Um^ J.^«b^
^0tfia7 tnoidha.
Surveying (the science of measuring land),
^L^-luM^it Jl£ ^dm al moidha.
Surveyor, «.^L^ muhdshirfja\j ndtir.
See Inspector, Overseer, Superin-
tendent.— A land surveyor, ^ji\ ^t^^
nuutdh dl ard,
Surveyorship, ^l;^^ mundnarai; (land
sus
( 1018 )
SWA
BUireyonhip), ^lUl £c«0 tan^at al
mamdh, [rihu
Bamvoy r. tj^ki Jju ^le ^dshba^difhoff"
Sarviying^ parL and a Burvirory Jb
bdkl, j6^i\ jjo ^/yjU ^ajfuA la^d al
aikhar.
Susceptible^ snaceptive (capable of re-
oeinng), J^\j hahU^ J^ Jxr.nK mm-
ia^id li hahikl\ (susceptible of love),
jlxU Jjli MM la ^uhk; (tender-
hearted), v^,JiH fj^j raliik al kaXb.
Susceptibility (capability of admitting or
receiving), ^uLli kdhiliyat. Suscepti-
bility or tenderness of heart, u^-Jill Zj
rikJuU id kaJh,
Suspect, 9. ui CX^ ihakflf ^ ^ %ann
fi, ^^icLil ut(Mwau.
Suspected, ^ (^>^ moMnUn hihi, ^\^
CXfJl ^uif u^<S^'^ ^alayhi oMhah See
Accused.
Suspend, r. (hang up, make to hang by
anything), j;!x ^aUah. See Haog. —
(to interrupt), ^LS ibto^ ; (to delay,
hinder), JLS akhkhar, ujilj wakiaf,
^»^ mana^. To suspend (from an
office), fjj& ^atud. See Dismiss.
Suspended, j;U^ mu^allak. See Hung up.
— (interrupted), fjlaS^ maktu^ \ (de-
layed), imJj^y mmohaf. Suspended
from an employment, Jji>^ macsil/.
Suspense, OJ^ taraddud, <^^ ajIw^AaA,
(^Mi «^^. See Hesitation, Stop.
Suspension (hanging up or by), J;Jjij
^a^ft^. See Suspense. — (interruption),
^UaAil w^f^d^ ; (delay), f^y tawak-
kuf. Suspension from office, Jj£ ^os/.
Suspicion, ^tJbj f^aAm, w^ i royJ, Ljj
riifl/, cii^ shak, j^y tawahkim,
Suspicious (having suspicion),
CJJ^ idhib ihak, ^
aM^ wahham*
Suspiciously, CjCA |J^ Mb/ <U.
Sustain, ^.J^MKiMiMii. ToSapp«lPr
—(to endure, Buffer),^^«<^ mW, ^-m
tahamnudi (to maintain, keep), ^m?
Sustainable (possible to be bone r
(J^CkJ^ jfu$iham*l ; (possible to be e
dured),Ji^c^ jf%Mamal.
Sustained (borne up), Jy.m^ ««in
J^Asr* tnahmul. See Supported.— -J
dured), J^cl«^ miciltofM/. Sec S:
fered. Experienced, Borne.
Sustainer, «. See Supporter, SuiSaK
Sustaining, i^or^. j>v.>m ^ «ttfm«l.
Sustenance (victuals, necessaries), c^
i^fl^. See Food, Maintenance,
Sutler, «.^^CmxU cCj ^oy^ydc Id ^«^
Suture (seam), ^L^ iA»yd<«&; .xriq
up of wounds), ^^;sr ill^L^ iiifLi
Swaddle, v. (a child), IoaS kawuui. J
swaddling band, l^Ui iuiid/, j J
kunddk.
Swallow, V. wL ^o&i^. To swaDoir c; i
the sea, a whirlpool, etc.), «J:j1 ^»
The swallow, jl:>- A4i£(. See Iba
Swallowed, pJw« ms^/«^. ToU5n
lowed, ^JlJ \ Mala^, To ba swallctk
up (by the sea, etc), j^l ibiis;^ >o
la^aho al hahr.
SwaUow, f.«^U3fi;^ ihaita/(^\.i^'^
khatailf). The domestic swalbw.^^M^i
tuniknH, The rock or mountain svallK
Ipf^j watw&t (pi. i^^Ur^ m^vi*'
Swallowwort (plant), Jl«0<^LJ*;>
^j4mJ\ 11010^ iki&d< didd
SWE
( 1019 )
SWE
rBaapfB.ll^'^waUaL See Harsh, Pen.
rampy. See Marshy. [^^ hqfa^.
ran, s. i^ J^l iirduf{j^l. uJ j|^1 arddtf),
faid (surface of the ground), As»*j
joJi\ wqfh al ard. See Grass, Herb-
ige. [iamrd),
rarthy, Bwarth,^^^**^! atmar (fern. \jA^
rarthiness, j\y^ aatodd,
rath, i. JbUac ^tsdbat. See Band,
)waddling-band, Bandage, Fillet. —
Co swathe,
,as$ab. See Swaddle,
ray (rule, dominion), ^yL». hukumat,
rjji kudrat, j\*XzJ\ iktiddr. See
Power, Influence. Lfi^^^ hakam.
'ay, V, (bias, incline), JL« tndl; (rule),
'ear, r. a^J iasam, c»ftl.f»^ Aole;^. To
I wear by God, ^b *aiJ kanam hiUah,
To swear falsely, jjijJV uJ]l>- Aoio^
tzcMr. Then the Kine summoned the Wezeer
.nd the Princes and tne Lords of the Empire
nd the great men of the kingdom, and made
hem swear by binding oath that they would
lake his son king oyer them after him,
^ itL <Uj1 yjUaC ^^ tfrSjl'
SAM
■
earer, 9. i^U- hillif\ (blasphemer),
^Jus^ mufaddtf.
eat, ^Jyi ^oraife. See Perspiration. —
'o sweat, Jj^ ^ek. See Perspire,
'oil. Labour.
eep, V, ^/uo^ kanat. And he passed
r the door of a merchant, the ground hefore
hich was swept and sprinkled, and there the
ir was temperate, j5>-y l^\j ^X^j^
seper, «. ^^:.C^ mtiibnnM.
»epings, ^U^ kindaat. See Bubbish.
iet, jl^ hdHf Jj Jkl /osto. See De-
licious, Luscious, Grateful, Pleasing.—
(mild, gende), f^jA^ Mlf. See Soft,
Tender.
Sweet basil, ^J<a^j rihan. See Basil.
Sweetheart, jjAt,^ ma^«Aiiit (fern.
i^yJi*ju% ma^hukah). See Lover,
Mistress.
Sweetmeats, C^l[^L>- huhoijf&t, ^ys^
tna^n (pL ^^^^U^ ma^ciytn). See
Confection. A seller of sweetmeats,
(JI^Lfr- hahodni.
Sweeten, v. _I^ holla* ; (to make mild,
to soothe), ^ na^^am, ^ hyyan.
See Mitigate, Alleviate, Palliate,
Soften, Beconcile. — ^To sweeten or grow
sweeti jL>- .Ltf «dr Aw/fi, ^J^ ^A«
Sweetened, lJ^^^ ifiwAa/Zti'.
Sweetish, S^lUr JjU mdyUldhaldwah.
Sweetly, ir^^ J^ 5iiJb/ haldwai. Her
words sounded sweetly to me ; and I answered
her, 0 my mistress, my fate has hrou^ht me
to put an end to my grief and affliction,
Sweetness, i^i^ haldwaL Sweetness
of temper, ^^\ Sji>- haldwat aitah^.
SweU, V, (grow turgid), i*jj werem. See
Protuberate, Ghrow.— Swell with pride,
jSj iakahhar; (with rage), i^mnnr
ffhsdeh. To swell (cause to rise or in-
•• * •
crease), jbj^ warram, ^ na/akh.
Swell or swelling, «. j^j^ tcaram. See
Protuberance, Tumour.
Swelled, ^Ujj tcrarffidfi. Swelled with
repletion, ^Lfl-.^ mutaddyik.
SweUing, i^or^" ^U^^'irarmJu.
Swelter, r. (to be distressed with heat),
Swept (|iar^. ^ sweep), ^y^ m<iib»fl«.
swo
( 1020 )
SYM
SwerVt, f^. (deviatOi wander), JU doll.
See Stray, Boye ; Ply, Bend.
Swift;, ^/^ <ari^. See Nimble, Quick,
Speedy, Ready. — ^Trayelling more widely than
a proTerb, and swifter wan the moon in
changing, ^ ^\^ Jl^\ ^^ j^J^
Swift, t. See Swallow, Martinet; Carrent.
Swiftly, U^^ iori^n, <djs^^Jc^ Jw
bikol tur^ttn wa ^'alah.
Swiftness, Zc^ iur^at, JLLsf ^afalat.
See Nimbleness, Telocity, Celerity,
Bapidity, Quickness.
SwiU, swig, c^ ghabh. See Drink.
Swiller. See Drinker, Drunkard.
Swim, V. .^U) sebeh, aU ^dm. See Float,
Glide. — To s wim(a8 thehead), ^tiddkh.
Swimmer, i. .IIL) sabhdh, ^Li tdhth,
i*)^ ^aiffwdm. A bold swimmer,
jy**>' 9-V<*«* sahhdhjasUr.
Swimming, <t»-LM> sibdha. A swimming
in the head, ^CsSi-jJ dawkhah. See
Yertigo, Dizziness, Giddiness.
Swine, ^Jiri- khamlr (pL^J^ *^
fuZsfr). See Hog, Pig, Sow.
Swing, «. (rope on which they swing),
ij\js^y^ jawjhdna, i,^p^j^ marj%ha\
(the motion of a swing or anything
similar), *^j^ iamarfuh.
Swing, V. (as a rope), ^^ jatqfah,
i^y marjah. See "Whirl, Wave,
Brandish.
Switch, %. k.;.^ had;(b. See Twig.
Swoon, «. ^^M*i ghoihl, ^l-ju*i ghushydn.
See Painting. — ^To swoon, ^^^LighMhl,
See Faint. — And when she had heard his
words, she screamed with joy, and fell down in
a swoon ; and when she recovered, she ex-
claimed, 0 my Lord, can it be possihle ? ... is
ittrue? . . .l::.^,^<U^ uiU'Ou^ Uii
Swoop, r. (&11 as a hawk on his pm ,
\jc 1^^ hawa* ^M . A swoop, jf
hawi.
Swop, t^. See Change, Ezdiange.
Sword, «. ujl^ sayf (pL t-i^ «¥^r
A sharp sword, /tj\^ «— a*-j wj/»'«
The point of a sword, ^jiil^ {jtiy^i
iusayf. The edge of a sword, ^
<„.jLmJ1 had auayf. Armed wii :
sword, J.J--I J^U- ^m»l M^f. -
sword ornamented with gems, ^
j^ys^ sofifmt^'awhar, ^-^ *-^*''!*
muraua^. To smite with a swr.
uJ^b <-->;^ <20ra^ Msofiif, SeeE
—To fight with swords, uJ-Jb w- •
iJdro^ M sag/. Shaped like a srr.
uJ^\ Ji^ ^V>- AaJ flfiw/ amif.
Swordsman, «. (sword-bearer), ^.^^
(— i^) hdmiliagf.
Sword-cutler, t. uJll«9 «iyya/.
Sycophant, jj^y^ ^airdi»l. SeePo^
Platterer, Informer.
Syllable, «. U^ %a, If^ hijv^
Syllabical, t/^^ Ju^omH,
Syllabus, l^j^ fahratai. See Sunuar
Syllogism, ». ^/-^ ibya*, JJji«&- -
perfect syllogism, .^i«^ J::!-^ **"
mAi A. A conditional ayllx^gisn, t**
_Ly2« kigds sharil*
Syiiogbtical, ^^ ktyd^.
SyUogistically,"^U!^^ ^'^h^
Sylvan, ^j harrl. See Woody, Sbr
Bustic.
Symbol, ». iUlL ^tftowa*, if;U»' «^'*
And trayerse eyery ravine, «d pte *
erery flood, and seek thy paatorf is eT«c ^
watered meadow, and let down ihyba.*' '
every springing well, and never be r^sc^
SYN
( 1021 )
BTS
Bolicit bouiij, nor suffer thyself to be disgiuted
by fati^e ; for it was written on the staff of
our chief Sasan, *'He gains who be^, and he
who roTes obtains." Bat beware of indolence,
for it is the symbol of misfortone and the garb
of thedeetitute) ^ja^^*^ J^^^-r^J
mbolical, 2r^LllI Itlishdrah.
'mbolically, if\JLti\ cyj hinaw^ al ithd-
rah, \ytj ramtan.
mmetry, i^Uaji! ^j^"*^ ^<<^ annw&m,
c^^^jJ^l JUmsIa^ mundiobat attartih.
See ProportioiL
'mmetrical, v..^.^i^l.i^ mundsib, /»»X^
muhandam, (J^^y* muw&fik, Q/dstif.
mpathetical, sympathetio, ^^^jL>-
mpathetically, (Jr!-^^ ^^<^W tX-j
^«^ hikoljdMibufat wa fnayl tahl^.
mpathy, ^j^*.^(J^ may/ ^f^I,
9^ c\^ jd%%b%yah. To sympathize, J^it^
K^Ki wdfah ha^ho, [mat.
xophony, JujcJI (J^^ ittifdh al nagh'
mpbonioos. Bee Harmonious,
mptom, Ltlc ^aldmah, ^JJj dalil,
)fj\Jit\ uhdrah. See Sign, Token,
mptomatic, ^JlJ<^ dallll,
znptomatically, CJ^^L&I^^J^Hjj hi da-
dyiUin tea uhdrat.
nagogae, 9. *^^\ u**^ kanU alydkud,
nchronical, synchronous (happening at
iie same time), «X>-lj ^cTV ^ji^
]ayvr f\ umanin lodhid.
nclironism, J^\j ^^j J ^J^\ jUjI
'itifdk athhy /I namanin wdhid.
Syncope, 9. iyLe. yluuhwat. See Swoon.
— (a grammatical figure cutting off
part of a word), (^ J^^ Juaf, j\<.tfirv.l
ikhiudr.
Syndic, «. (the head, agent, or censor of a
public body), J«(^ wakil, k^'^^S) nalib.
Syndicate, v, (pass judgment), Jlsrtj Jup!
a9dar al hukm. See Judge.
Synod, 9. Jifc^ mahfal, Uifi <<ffj4>fv
jamJ^at ^ulamd. See Assemble. — (a
conjunction of the planets), ^\^^
iktirdH, See Conjunction.
Synodical (relating to or done in a synod),
Ulf lLx4jr J^yM*^ mansHib lajam^iyat
^fdamd,
Synodically (by authority of a synod),
UL1SI ^U5M^ S>- ^^;^^yiJ hi mHjih
huhmjam^yat al ^ulamd.
S3monymou8 (having the same meaning),
^J'jf^ ^3^ fard ma^m^, uJj]^ mw-
tarddif. Synonymous words, d^UK
j^».lj _:jt^ l^ kalimdt lahd ma^*
wdhid, ^V^l iijSji^ iZji^ kalimdt
mutrddi/at al ma^na\
Synopsis, 9.^0^^ mukhta9ar. See Com-
pendium, Summary.
Syntax, ^.^1 ^Jl£ ^m annaAfl, Jx
i*KI\ L^^JS ^ikn tarkah al kaldm.
Syringe, 9, JLiJic^ mahkanah. To syringe,
fjA»- hakan.
System, «. ^^ylS Adnfln, m; ra«m (pi.
Ayaj rcMfim), tfJccli kd^dah, i*UaJ
n«sdm, Jh^ ^oHl;. See Eule, Canon,
Method.
Systematical, vjy^ tonili»i, ^Ui ii«
yd«T, 2(JlcIa!\ j;jt^ muwdfikalkd^idah,
Systematically, ^y^^^uwLAj hikiyd9in
TAN
(1024)
TAB
Talent, talents (mental ability, &cnlty},
idrdk, ^)aS' ^akl.
Talisman, «. A^At tiUam (pi. aJU? Udd-
iim), d^Uwlk takamdt.
Talismanio, ^^yuAl? taUwnl, See Magical.
Talk, 9. JXj iakallam. See Speak, Prattle,
Chat, Convene, Belate.
Talk, aK Astern. See Conyeisation,
Speech, Talkativeness.
Talkative, Jic^ m«^<iibii7tm, J|y ibv-
trd/. See Loquacious,
Talkativeness, /Jiil\ l^hataratalialdm.
See Loquacity, Prate.
Talker, %. JjIj itoyt?, Ji^jl^ muiakaUim.
Tall (lofty), JjjL toiri^ (fern, ^dj^
tawllah). See High, Lofty.
Tallow, ^1^ «^Am. See Grease, Fat.
Talon, s, l^-Jlst^ makhlah. See Nail, Claw.
Tamarinds, i^SiJb^ iamr hindl.
Tamarisk (plant), U^ ^f^9 Jjf ail.
Tambourin, s. See Tabor.
Tame, ^^ wadl^ (pi. IcJj irtM^d^d),
^^1:um.« muitdnnis. See Qaiet, Mild,
Gentle; aho Spiritless.
Tame, r. (^^«*-J^ ^U^^kc ^aimi/a^ anf«, aL«x
^0^ ^amalaho toadi^. See Subdue,
Depress, Conquer, Crush.
Tameable, (jm 1x^)1 fjj\jhdbilalutind8.
Tamely, ^^\ jCj hikol ins,
TamenesB, ^jaJI iim, ^*^f^^ aSc ^adam
ipahshijfat. See Mildness, Gentleness,
Timidity.
Tan, t;. LjJ dabagh.
Tangent, «. (in geometry), {jiXA^mumat,
Tangibility, ^^^m^JJI \J^^ imhdn allams,
TftDgible, ^j»^A^\ ^jLk^ mumkin allams.
Tangle, v. ^^>/>- hharda^. See Entangle,
Entwine, Embroil.
Tank, «. \^y>- hawd. See Pond, Cicc,
Basia, Resoroir. — And &<« four ssa
meeting together in a great task Unecn
marble of various coloun,jlf ]^dl.'i
d^jki: Xji^^.^ t^irf-^ ufj^i*;
Tanned, %^X« mudabhagh, 9 MJO^Ar
hUffh.
Tanner, t. ilJj dahhdgk A tasi^:
house, a tan-house, is\jd ddUfk
Tantamount, J jU^ mu^ddil, See£q:
valent.
Tap, V. (touch lightly, strike gttCj
(jlJLI fotoA. See Pat— To t^ (f» Q
dropsy), L^ fM^o^. The part cf :^
belly where they tap, c,.%5;^ ha'
The instrument with which tlier x
Taper, s. (candle), iJukJL iham-^- >
Tapestry, Ujuk^j ejaji\ ^JitiJ nM'^
awda tea samdthd.
Tar, «. J C-sjlS iar foyyaZ, ^^3? ififi*
Tar, v. ^^ kairan.
Tarantula, «. LJ; riUayld, \
Tardily, Jf^ J^ ^Oo/ mM, Se€^
gishly. Slowly. ,
Tardiness, JUli tAmd/. See SloggM
ness, Slowness, Delay.
Tardy, J-,1^ UtU, iSjJ\ J^ m
harakat. See Slow, Sluggish, DiUtJ
Tare (a corn weed), ^^j «l"w».
Tariff, ». (commercial r^ulation), ^i-^
CSyS^\ ia^rifat cd ptmnA.
Tarnish, v. ^\ oifefta', ^^^j^^
al lawn. See Soil, Sully.
Tarnished, ,^^ idH.
Tart, ^Ul hdmid. See Add, Sec:/
(sharp, severe), /^j\^ sdrni, jU- *•
Tartar (of wine), jj?^ iarUr.
TAS
( 1025 )
TEA
rtar (people), j\:;j tatdr.
rtaric, L^J^\j idtdri.
rtarean. See Inferaal, Hellish,
rtary,^^^ JL hUdd d tatar.
rtly (sourly), i^^ykasT^ hi humUdat
rtness, i,Jy4»^ humudat. See Soumees.
-(soarness of temper), 9^/^\ Jb jl»-
dddiyat ail mitdj.
)k, 9. i^^^^ nuulahat. See Labour,
business. — A task or le88on,(jMi J dan,
ste, V. (to distinguish by the palate,
0 eat a litUe), j1 J %dk; (to have the
aste, relish, or smack of), «jJa«jl isiakm.
?o taste (feel or haye the perception
f), (^/M^^ has, uIj^jI adrak.
3te (the act of tasting), j^J sawk;
flavour), if j3 lauat, »J^ tnauah, l^jJb
a^mat. See Eelish. — (the sense of
asting), iSjMi\ S^ kuwat asadyikah;
intellectual perception), Jif ^akl,
iJ!^ Ji idrak, ^ fahm. And he de-
xed to drink, but he found that the water
ad no taste in his mouth, ^t j\j\^
JUi J cut *U1J JkflsT Jj c-^
(ted, ^\x^ munzdk; (having any
eculiar taste), if jl 4] laho lauai,
iter, 8, J^iJ saytit, ^\^J sotrtrdib.
^ taster to a prince, vJLiXiJI Jl^^i sd-
ik al malik. [cious.
tefol (savory), Jj jJ ImU. See Deli-
teless (having no relish), i! jJ lb hild
fssuit. See Insipid. — (having no power
r perceiving taste), IaAj ily ^U mil-
Ao kUwat tdyikatf J^ J )b hild %awk.
telessness (insipidity), Z««jty\ aJlc
tdam atta^tnat; (want of intellectual-
diah), ^j^\ |»J^ ^adamalhat; (want
* power of perceiving taste), ^A^-
}j^\ ^adam 0l moMdk.
Tatter, I. £u; ni£^0^. See Bag To
tatter (tear in pieces), k<^ iharmaL
See Bend, Tear.
Tattered, ^S^ murakka^.
Tavern, «. ^li^ mt^ASnaA, 2f;U^
khammdra. A tavern keeper, ^^arU^
mUAdn;lE,jU^ khammdr.
Taught (iMir^. of teach), Jjo^ muta^-
■>
litn. To be taught, Jju ta^aUam.
Taunt, V, ^Jx ulXs^ <i^^i& ^oAv*, j»2^
ihatam^ j^ ^ayyara. See Bidicule,
Deride, Gibe, Revile, Beproach, Insult — Time
consists of two days ; this happy, and that
oppressive : and life of two parts ; this plea-
sure, and that trouble. Say to him who has
taunted us on account of the vicissitudes of
the time. Does fortune persecute any but the
eminent ?j4ks»-ljj ^1 \^ ^J^y^^^
Tawdriness, Ia\^ ^«Xe ^^adam tardfat.
Tawdry, 4i\^\ ^j^ ^ailm al tardfat.
Tax, %, »J<i haj, ^]yas:^ mahsul. See
Toll, Tribute, Custom. A capitation
or poll-tax, ^ >- jaiiyah.
Tax, 9. (.^ICji (>•»>- hammal takdllf
Taxation (act of imposing taxes), ^ J
cJJUcJl fard attakdhf.
Taxes, ^i^^ a^^j rufiLm ^fiyah^ JU
i^ji^\ tndl al mfrf. See Bevenue.
Tax-gatherer, f>y^ muliazim.
Tea, 1^^ ehdy.
Teapot, i^^^ijiji^ ihrik al ehdy.
Teach, v. Jx. ^allam. See Instruct, In-
form, Tell. — To teach good manners,
c^J^V As, ^llam al adah.
Teachable, teachableness. See Docile.
Teacher, 9. Jjt^ mu^allim, ^jmjX^ mt«-
darri9. See Preceptor, Lecturer.
66
TEA
(1Q26)
TE3C
Tear, tean, t. JUi^ J iCsm^oX (pi. ^^ «3
iiimll^). A tear just startiDgy Uj^
^barah (pL (^-^1;^^ ^aiord^). To
shed tears, lfiy9J l:uJL» 9dlai dumH-
^aho, ^^jJb ^^ cuJi^J narafai
^wyttMAo ^7 ifiMiw^. See Weep, Crf. — I
write to thee with my tears flowing, and the
drops from my eyes ranninff inoessantly ; but
I am not despainng of the faTonr of my lord ;
perhaps some day our anion may take place,
fUiar\ *> ij,/i c^ ^^•^^^ J-ii.
Weep, 0 men ; for if you do not weep, you
will Tie with each other in weeping ; for those
in hell weep in the fire, so that their tears fall
like grain on their cheeks, till the tears stop
and blood pours instead, (^U\ L^! \j
jU\ J*l yli ^/Ui \/^ ^ J6 \/.\
Tear, $, (rent, fissure), ^j^ hkmk, jJt»
$kak.
Tear, v. J^ thak, jJ:S^ khatak. To
tear (or be torn), Jj^f inJtJuuak,
And his beloTed came to pat on her dress, and
found it not; thereupon jshe cried oat, and
slapped her face, and tore her clothes,
Tearer, «. JjU. khazik.
Tease, r. (fret, vex),^l>- jaharj JJ JJ
nasiMS. See Plague, Importune, Tor-
ment.— To tease (cotton, etc.), -tf^
haiaj.
Teased (vexed),^W* mujdhar.
Teaser, <. (tormentor), ^Isr* mti/dj&iir.
A teaser of cottoUf ^"i*- hallaj.
Teat, 9. J) i«i, jj\ Juid^ Ai/ma/ «/ bin.
See Breast, Nipple, Psp, Bog, Tliai
— To suck the teftt^ w^ r«lr&.
Technical, ^y»i^ ^tZni.
Tedious (slow, loDg, drawling), ^
J^^ MS a hardmt. See Tvs
Prolix. Uaiti m f«iii
TedioQslj (slowly),^^lJ^ ijU J^ #■
Tediousness (prolixity), fAQ\ ^J^^* «
trf/ 0{ la/<am; (aLowneas), ^^
h<U^ al handtai.
Teem, v. (to be pregnant), ci.
lat. See Breed, Bring forth, Prcdu
Teeth {pi of tooth), ^\i^\ mhA.
Teint, ^^ ^at^ii. See Tint, Cdoor.
Telescope, ^j^fc> i«r^ii.
Ten, 1^. (utter),' ^J^ kak^. J'J ti
f^-
J takaUam, j'*^ kkakb^r. >
Speak, B>elate, Inform. — (to on&y
count), Juc ^a<2(/. To tell cr te. i
(discover, betray), ^l:>- kkdn, ^
Blab.— And when they saw Sakh ia -i
state, they said to him. What is t&t : **
He there/ore told them his story. And r *)
his mother who had sent them to his asscc
Teller, «. JCsl^ mutakdUm. See Speata^
Belator.
Temerity, ^jdH tahajfum^ ij
^t jJI l«l tMifft tfimnilaMdL See
ness. Imprudence, Precipitancy.
Temper, v. (mingle), UlsU iMit
Mix, Compound. — (tomoderate^
JjCA^ ca«»MiU^ mti^M!i}; (to
mollify), jjl! fayyofi.
Temper (of mind, diapontion,
tion), ^J? ^^, 4<iijjiVt <«^i^«^
mMkrahy ^y% miM/otj. To brief
constitution to a proper temper, ^
TEM
( 1027 )
TEN
^\j^\ ^aidal al rnvOj, — ^An exoellent
;emper, t— aJal u,^^*L« moihrab kUlf.
)f an exoeHent temper, good tempered,
_yul^ uJJJ UUlfai moihrab. Tem-
yer (calmnees), i^\jJ^ Aaidt/MU; (mode-
ation), Jljcxl i^id&L Thus I was
ike one who has put oat his eyes on purpose,
0 that when he rues in the morning the day
hines for him no more ; whereas, if I had re-
ained mastery of my hand and temper, the
lisposal of my fate would still haye oeen at
ay choice, \*Xa>c dUjuc ^Ix^ c;^;i^
nperament, ^U^ fni%Sj, wi? tah^
jcJ? tabUah. See Temper, Constitit-
ion. Mixture.
nperamental. See Constitutional,
nperanoe, temperateness (in eating,
rinking, etc.), cJLuu«\ midk, ^bj
iyadat. See Abstinence,
nperate (moderate, salutary, not ex-
essive), Jjoa** tnu^tadii, k>Tijr>^ mu-
sfoassit ; (not passionate, calm), ,^jljb
,h^l hddl al mitdj. Temperate
reatber, Jjcjc/tfyb hawd mu^tadtl.
nperately (moderately), J'jcxi ,J^
ikoli^ii&l\ (abstemiously), J[c Li J^
\kol iand^t; (without violence of
assion), i^^artj Wd ghadah.
aperature, Jt Jcjst HtiddL Tempera*-
ire of weather, \^\ Jt Jict utiddl
f hawd.
ipered, JjcuL#m«^^t7. See Mixed,
ipest, s. ^j^j^ fortuna, ^^J Mt^-
t^ah. See Storm, Hurricane, Wfairl-
ind ; also Tumult, Commotion,
iplars, or the order of the Knights
emplars, ^^^ J^ odddwiyaK
iple, #. (place of worship), Jusi***^
asfeulf Juiv« ma^had. A. Christian
temple, itu) hay^t, jCjb hayial. See '
Church, Mosque, Synagogue. — The
Temple of Mecca, ^Lk^I al ka^^h,
/^\j^\ \*Xs^\ almasfad al hardm.
The temples of Mecca and Medina,
^Sj^**^\ almasjaddn. Temples,. JuU^
wM^hid, Jks»-L(b<« mudjid. [juddgh.
Temples (sides of the forehead), ^s^\
Temporal, temporary (measured by time,
not eternal), i^j tamanlf ijf^*^
dunyaw%, iJU fdnl. Temporal goods,
(^^J Jt« mdl dunyai€%. Temporal
(belonging to the temples of the head),
iljutfU J^yM'*^ maruHb lil asddgh.
Tempt, r. c»>^r^ raghghahy ^-^ tamr-
ma^, ij^\ aghu>a\ ^^ faian. See
Seduce, Entice, Allure.
Tempter, s, ^^\^ fdtin^ v/^ mughwl.
See Seducer. — The Tempter, ^^jll
altPOBwdBf ^Ua^ shaytdn. See Satan,
Deyil.
Tempted, ^fJ^ maftum.
Temptation, \ys\ tghwd, Smm^^rJ iar-
ghlb. The temptations of the devil,
i^y^^ waswasaty {jM^y^ waswdi.
Tempting (alluring), part. i^j\>-jd%ib.
Ten, ijM^ ^hara. Ten thousand,
uJ)1 ijtx. ^harat aldf. The ten
commandments, cl^*U1^ iJLtiS al^
$harat kalimdt. [Acwil/ ^ahyhi.
Tenable, ^lIa Jy»A^\ ^/^ yumkin al
Tenacious (grasping, holding fast, re-
tentive), vJ.X*<L« mdiik ; (covetous,
sparing), ^j»i.ii**^ khasU, Jj^^ifcAl/.
See Ptarsimonious, Avarioiooa.— (oohe*
sive), tiC^.,M,j^jL^ mmfmmuik f\.
Tenacious of one's religion, Ja*.^
mutadayytn. Tenacious of an opinion,
^OMid. See Stubborn, t)piniativ<»
TEN
(1028)
TEB
3JU^U
Tenant, «. (of land),^;0»-\sM^ mtutdfir,
i^^Ju* muftaiMi. A military tenant,
Tenant, r.^^\s«»t utdjar.
Tenantlees (not possessed),
sndlaho muktanh
Tend, 'V. (incline toward a certain point
To tend upwards, ye^ JU mdl nahn.
Tendance. See Attendance, Care.
Tendency (course or inclination towards
any place or object), J^ may I, fji^
mayaldn; (drift), j\j^ murdd, JuoLf
niakaad, ^.^IVi^ matlah.
Tender (delicate, gentle), ^ layyin,
j^\j nd^, ^H^ hahm, ^J^j raklk,
i^Jotavi. See Soft, Mild.— Tender (as
young herbage), }fj\j tatah. The ten-
der or infant age, ^^I^m wghir as-
Jtn, ^^aI^ tuf&Uyat, See Infancy.
Tender, «. (oflfer), ^^o^ ^«rrf, ^J^
takHm. See Proposal.
Tender, v. ^j& ^rad. See Offer, Pro-
pose, Exhibit
Tendered, \^^y^ ma^d, j^ja^ mu-
kaddam. See Proposed, Offered.
Tenderly, v^ ISj JG itJto/rtXib^ ihiift.
See Softly, Delicately, Kindly. — And she used
to lore me ao tenderly, that when I absented
myself from her, she would neither eat nor
drink till she saw me again in her company,
Tenderness, Jjfj rilkat, ^:j>- Aunntyn^
See Softness, Mildness, Kindness. —
Tenderness of age, Llj!^ tufuliyat.
Tenderness of heart, k^AAM^j rikkai
Tendon, #. u,>%.<ifi ^OMb (pi. c^Luil
a^h). The tendon of AokilleBiCi^is.;
^hah (pi. k-^l^ ^rdish).
Tenet (principle), ^^1? iarikaif i^jm
Ji fikr. See Opinion.
Tenor (sense contained),^^Aia/t Mdaii,
1*^^ ffki/Ailm, ^<sjt^ «ia^. Ss
Meaning, Signification. — (the constc
mode or course of anything), J.,.*
tarik, ^y Is ^Mim, ^jTjLif «/»^. Se
Series, Manner. — ^Of one tenor, ^
•
tX».\^ )aAJ ^la* wsmai wdkid. I h^
received your letter and hare tite
note of its tenor, f^.y^ \J^
Kiy^^A^ ^^L.oj^^ icasHni wuiiM»
wafahmt madmUnako.
Tense (in grammar), ^ju^p a^kstj ^i-«
tamdn. The present tense, Jls' -a**
BlghatdhdL The preterite tense, ^
^U!t tUghat al mddl. The 6rc
tense, J^A'^aH iwm^ Hykai o/im^'
3t7, f^JcjMA^\ ^^j sutmdm d mmtM
Tent, «. ^.4^ hhaymat (pi. ^ li^^
aU:L khiydm.
Tenth, ^ U ^d#Air. A tenth part. -
cImAt (pl.jl*Lcl a^fAor). See 15*
Tenthly, I^U ^d«Afir<»i.
Tenuity, llj rikkat. See Thinnoi
Tenuous, ^J^j rakii. See Tbin.
Tennre. See Term, Terms, Conditix
Tepid, y li fdtir. See Lukewann.
Terebinthine (consisting of w mixed r;
turpentine), ^JLa:.««^ <«rvMinA. j>
Tergiversation, Jlju<#^d7«f, ^y^»
hdwalak, SeePickleaesSyEnsiooJni^
Term, •. (name), ij\^ ^ihdrai, ^<^
Mldh, ^\ ism, it^ bdM, ^
hfiat (pi. l^Ull alfi%), S« V«i
Language. — (condition, stipoUtii
TEB
(1029)
TES
)ff^ ihart; (a limited space of time),
i*x^ nmddat, il^ nuMU. Term; (in
trade), iscj wa^dai. Terme (con-
ditioDs),. ^^jJa ikurikt. Law terms or
phrases, 1|£a1! cr^U-lLk^i uiildkat al
fukahd. Astrological terms, ULx\»^^i^\
l»2^ult iittldhat al munqjfim,
arm, v, ^^4^ samma.
srminate, f;. (bound), jI^ Ao^MoJ; (to
e<mclude),*4Jto«m9UMn; (tabe bounded),
i^^tXs^U 9dr fnahdud; (to* have an
end), aUJjL^ $dr tamdm^
»rminated (bounded), J^Jisr^ nuiMud;
(concluded), aUj tamam, 9y^oS^
maktu^. See Finished.
^rmination (bound, limit), S»- hidd
(pi. Jj«X». hudud) ; (conclusion), ^UJU>-
khdtimah.
armless (boundless), Jk>. lb hikt hadd.
irrace, #. (flat roof), caLa mJ^; (before
a house), ^^^ saih.
^rraqueous, c^/a^^ l<^J^ ^^ toahahri.
^rrene, terrestrial, ^j\ •reft, tc^]/
turdhl. See Eartblj.
trrible, terrific, t^^as^inakh^f,,L^ybj^
narhuhf J^^ muhawwil, ^•^•j^ mu-
hib. A terrible accident, ^bli^ijulj
\eaki^ h&yUah,
nibleness, J^ hawL
rribly, J^^^yj hinaw^ muhiil,
rrifj, V. uJ^ kkawwaf, c-*^ ''^t^*
$ee Frighten.
rrified, s-'^j^ mar^h He spoke to
ae not, for be wai frightened at me and
errified; but he came to the slaughtered
leaBt, and tamed it over, and found nothing
C^ l^ 4X3C Ji l|^^ X:sU jJl {j\^
rritory, CJ^ tnulk, ^U»-U nahiyat
(pi. t^^y naw&hl\ ^j\ ard. See
Gouidjy, District, Land*
Terror, Jys ^fir/, uJ^ JEiAou/, i^j
ra^bai, Ghneat terror, J^ Jy^ ^t^^
miiAu^ See Fear, Apprehension, Dread. —
And I forgot all that 1 had suffered from
fatigue, and aheenoe from my natiye ooantrr
ana difficulty, and the terrors of traTel. I
occupied myself with delights and pleasures,
and delicious meats and exquisite drmks, and
continued in this state, kj:^^^*^^) jJj
i}\J\
irjj^
^^ Jj; (Ji
MUUte
at
Tertian ague, «. ^^^^3 ^^««^ AMmma'
dawrieh. See Fever.
Terse. See Smooth, Neat.
Test (trial), J^^\ imtihdn,Cj^ vm-
hiA, jLe ^ydr. To bring to the test,
^j^^\ imtahan, jikC> ^yair. To be
brought to the test, to stand the test,
^jsf" tafarroB,
Testaceous, ^ J^ Mtdafl.
Testament, s. ^u^ wMyat (pi. Ll^j fcr«-
«£j^d). To make a testament, ^}ax,
^^^ ^mndl fooilyat, ^^^ traMtf'. The
Old Testament, irt^yJl at towrah. The
Kew Testament, uJjyLSt Jf^sf^^ ^
injil oihiharlf. [waalyat.
Testamentary, Z^^\ fjoasT ytMm al
Testator, $, y^^y mvlwan^.
Testatrix, t. ^^y fniuwauiyai.
Testicle, s^ <<j*dfw khoBtyahf JJa^ baydah*
Teetioles, ^^^ hhart. The testicles of
the oast<v (casterenm), c^J^ A^
^£C))t hhoiiyai ialb alhahr.
Testification. See Testimony.
Testificator. See Testifier.
Testified, ^ J^fuL« flUM^Afli &tX*,
mtuajjal, ^;:.^«^ mtMoSM. See Proved.
THA
(1080)
THE
Testifier, JJbU •kdhid. Bee Witnefls.
Testify, v. J^ ^hed. Bee Prove.
Testimonial, iolfSi ihahddat
Testimony, ifjl^^ shahdM. See Proof.
T^te-a-tete, ^^l ,j«-y ^ ^^ *Fr'r' "*^
wdjahat mm arrds Ul r(U.
Tetrabhordi s. (an instrument with four
strings, as a Inte, ete.)» ^U^ fy
Text, «. ^^ main, J-o\ «/. An exposi-
tion of a text, j:a^\ ^^ Bharh aimalM.
Texture, ^U^ hiy&hah.
Than, ^^^^ ifwin. He is taller than me,
1^ Jjtl yb Atl o^u^o/ minnl.
Thank, »./-:i «Aa*or- And Taj-el-mulnk
thanked her, and ordered his slaye to give her
a thoiuand pieces of gold, read the letter, and
wept violenay,^^^ CS^\ ^ \a/-2J
Thanks,^ <WEr, i«J*J^ ul^ shahran
anni^tnat. To return thanks after meat,
4dJl^ *Aaitflr flflaA. To give thanks
to God,^^l^ 4X4^^ ^ (%i5 *a<Wa«»
t7/aA al hamd waUhukr. And her brother
said, 0 King of the present age, thou hadst a
prior olaim upon us, and it is our dutvto
render thanks to thee, for thou hast treated ns
with tiie utmost lundness, and we hare
eaten of thy bread and siit, \ibj>\ JUi
ji j>. LJx C^ ^1 ^Upi iKUU
CJj^^ iJ/^|j Lil^'j. If I fell to
render thee doe thanks, tell me for whom I
have prepared my verse and prose ; thou hast
overloaded me with ansolioited favours, be-
stowed without excuse, nor delay on thy part,
ThankM,^ Mkir, (^b^ **^
Thankfully, /^j f^ J^ WWiwfa
Thankfidnesfl, ^/-^ 9kabr&n,
Thankless, JU«J^ y^ isjir Mm^
J^\ jL^ mmMr al jamU, fe
XjQgratefhL
Thanklessneae, iuwJ^ J^ji^ *«5^ «^
Mt^mo^. See Ingtatitade.
Thanksgiving, #.iwJ\^ ^.J.^ <d*«
«Mlr anni^nmt. [«*«^-
Thank- worthy,/^\ <-r"2>"\j K^a/fl «i-
Thatjjwwi. (dcm.)> cJU aa* C^^m. ilC
^ttt), (rekt.), v/aS^ tfflflrt- See «ir
Who, Which, Because.— That wh^
U md. For that reason, \jJh Jp-J ••
ajlhaaa. So that, ^\ ^yj «
Because that, Jl It tfww, a^S A*
Ci3i J:rn»a;7«rfa. Aflerthaltis^
LsJ^\ «^J Jao ^ »m *a^i«^
alu>akt. At that time, dfloJ^t**
that time. c>ij5^ cJU J\ as'iii*
«^ai^. See Until, TilL— Until tlie tie:
that, ^jT ^^ »fe* a». On that aoesc'.
ijJ^J ^ys^'i U ajl fuOik. Thatisto*-
(vix. to wit), JSM ytf^Hl, J^^ *:'
In order that, U-S3 Ukaymd, '^ IH^
Thatch, (jii to*.
The, J\<rf. TheKttrai»,^^|/)Uiwi»
Theatre, «. ^/L? UdtnL.
Thee, C/ak. To thee, vlfl WL ^
thou oDnress a friend who has nftrer Vec
JJx^Jb
1 ji^U J\yJ\ J-5 ^^
unmindful of thee, and givs him iip» -"•
desiring him? May I forfeit Ofi ss*«&*-"
(of my God) if in love I have dtt»Ted&*
and be punished by abandonment it i ^^
not been sincere to thee. I have ^>«** f^ *
of no fault to deserve seviresad hae'^^:
duot: or if I have ofiFonded, I regrrt it«-
come repentant Thine ab«idofflncitf«S'==
a wonderful misfortune; butfaW »* ^^
causing some new and vnetpsw v^^'^
THE
( 1081 )
THE
;:jM«li
And I have eondncted bim to thee, and bronglit
him in thy presence, that thon ma^est test the
solidity or his pretensioBa, and decide between
us as Gk)d shall diieet thee, ^ oi Oij
heft, ijij^ sirkat,
heir, ^ A«m (fern. ^ Am).
hem, AJb hum (fern. ^ Atirna). Were
it said to me, while the flame is burning
within me, and the fire blaxine in my heart
and bowels, Wooldst thon rather that thou
ahooldst behold them, or a draoght of pure
water? I would answer, Them ! JJ^
^ kjlM 'lil Jij ^^ hj^ (•! ♦^ jjbUj
heme, $, 9y^y fnawda^
hemselveB, m^uJo nafiukum (fern. ^J^^uiJ
nafsuhiwM),
ben (at that time), (.1$3 J Jc^ ^ind %a-
Itk; (after that), clJ3ijuuia^Jsa/a.
See Afterwards. — (for this or that
reason), d^ ji Unaltk. See Therefore,
hence (from that place), c)\^b ^
tnin hundk ; (firom that time), cJ^J ^
ur^ijll mm saA al wM; (for that
reason), ul^ J J>£^ll iV 1^7 so/i^.
henceforth, thenceforward, ^\ ^
\*Xs\^^ min al an woid^idan,
[leologian, theologisti t, vJy^^ fXi^ mu-
^aUim Idhan,
beological, fjytH IdkM.
Theologically, CJy^UI Jl^ ^.^.m^jo- Aom^
Theology, iJUybSU! Jie ^t/m al teAa^.
Theoretic, theoretical, ^iJ ibyd«f .
Theory, v//^ A^ (^ nasori, o^^
iby^d«. Bee Speculation.
Theorist, {jm\^ t-^^'wUg «dAt} i(«^d«.
There, c3Ljb Atmdifc, (Ji3Ljb Aimd/t%;
(lo !) liyb huaad. See Behold.— There
is no one in our city acquainted with soienoe
or writing, but only with getting money,
* ^**
Thereabout, thereabouts (near that place),
L.^^ iarih ; (near that quantity,
number or state), \:^^rsr iakhmlnan,
i,^^ ilarf 5, w^ iahrihan.
Thereafter, Juu U (J /I md 5a^(?, ^
l^ Jmj min 5a^i md, 2fJuo la%,daho.
Thereat, cJliib hunak.
Thereby, cJUj^ ^ mtii hundk.
Therefore, \j^ lihatd, J^) It ajl, ^
i^\ min ajl, t JJ^ Jj»*) A* aflhatd.
Therefrom, \ijb ^ min hand, ul^ J ^
min zalik. See Thence. — I repented as Cos^ai-
yah repented in the morning, when I found
that Nawara was finally dlTorced from me.
She was once my paradise ; but I had eiduded
myself therefrom, as Adam was excluded when
the Evil One drove him out, c::-^w«Ju
X
Therein, 1 JJb J /i hasd, cJ'^ J A ^k.
Thereof, \jJb ^ min hand. Then be sent
guards and spies after bim, through the sea
and in other directions, but they met with no
tidings of him ; wherefore they returned, and
informed the King thereof, d^^ ij\ Ji
THI
( 1032 )
THI
Thereupon I aroie, and unwound my turl>an
from my head, and folded it and twisted it so
that it became like a rope; and I girded
myself with it, binding it tightly round my
waist, and tied myself by it to one of the feet of
that bird, and made the knot fast,
jljl Ji^ c:^^U ^ WJj ^]j
Thereto, thereunto, tlflo ^\ da' talik.
Thereunder, C^J v:>»ac? tdht talih.
Therewith, clfli ^ fM^ talik.
Therewithal (with that), ui3 J j^ mac.
fo/tib; (at the same time, also), cl^«3^
hualik. See Likewise.
These, S^b Aau^id. To these, Syb ^Jl »V
Aat(72d. From all these, S^ ^j;^ min
hawld.
Thesis, «. 9j^y tnawda^.
They, ^A ^im (fem. ^ hin). And as
to thy saying, I have become separated from
my mother and my family and my brother —
inform me in what place they are, and I
will send to them and bring them to thee!
t0 M 'B
Thick (dense, gross), IxAi ^Aflft«. See
Coarse. — (large, not slender), *--ug^
ja$%m,j^ kabir; (muddy, feculent).
\9ys^ tnakhhut. See Opaque, Turbid.
— (coagulated,congealed), 4X«^^U fnun-
jamid. Thick (frequent, repeated),
J^ mukarrir, j^ iaslr ; (crowding,
crowded into narrow compa8s),^^iia^\*«
munhiuirf 9y^^ majmU^.
Thick (quick, repeatedly, frequently),
\j^ koBiran,
Thicken, r. (make dense or gross), lJ^
Mmmai, la-li Aa£> ^mntMo ghk^
(to condense), jJU- jdmmad; (tole-
come condensed), Sa^j^i/m.
Thicket, «. <— >U yAa 5, Is Ic ^*ak<.
Thickness (densityjcoareeness, grossBs
^)U ^haldsat; (largeness of dicsz^
f(Mrence), A^hr. ^ouiiRtf^.
Thief, #. J;Li «an*, lX*1/^ **^**'
Thimble, s. ^J^sJiS huhiihan.
Thin (as paper, etc.), ^j raW, j^?;
ri^^; (small, fine, delicate), jJ-i
lailf; {lesD),^Ls^nahl/; (not thkk
liquid), JjL «ayi7, c-^\ J wjril; [w^:
numerous), JJi ibaftiL
Thin, ». (make thin), J^lr^.e*^
roiHii; ; (to make liquid), t-^ J i«n**
(to make less numerous), Jl5 W2i.
Thine, C/ «* (fom.^d/ *•> Ab to tfer
saying that thou art poor, there is no oeac
for such an assertion ; for all my kingds a
my goods and possessions are thine . <*
Thing, «. ^ «Ay. Things, Ult*-
Think, V. /iil ifiaiar, JJu UJSm
Jby tawahham, ^Ja vmn^jyiH ^
war. See Consider, Meditate, Reasoa, Js?
Conclude, Imagine, Fancy, Beliere.
Thinker, »,^^>2A^ mufiaku'.
Thinking, pari.JzJi^ muftaHr.
Thinly, iJj J^ InM rikU.
Thinness, i3j rikkai, iiWiwAfl/^ ^-
Slendemess. [third, *jJj ^
Third, «jJ\J taUi, *2Jl} idlM. A
Thirdly,'lilU $dK$an.
Thirst, ^Jj}^ lOtasK To tbiwt «r ^-
thirsty, (jtJax: ^^M, i:;^^;'^*'
Thirstiness, (j2^ e»^«*. SeeThis^
THO
( 1033 )
THO
irety, ^/uL'lfi ^dtish, ^lu*kc ^Uhdn,
JJl£ ghalll She bad eyes as though
hey were bordered with colljriam, and heavy
dps, and slender waist ; she was such as wonld
ure the malady of the sick, and extingnish
he fire of the thirsty, J^uJ^Li ^^
irteen, y^e IjU saldsat ^har.
irteenth^yuf lIJU b&Us ^ashar.
irty, ^j^ takuln.
irtieth, ^yij saldsHn.
IB, \dJb hazd (fern, xijb hau). This
ay, A^\ \iJb luM al yawm. This
light, JJl Vsibhna al hyl. This world,
JUS\ f JJb htmd al ^lam.
istle, «. i^ajb\ CJyii skawh dl jamah
ither, thitherward, cJliA Jl iTa'
undh. [jliyM^ muihunk.
9m, 9. i^yii ihawhst. Bearing thorns,
^my, {l^yjj^ mushawwih
Drough, JLia^^y 5f trd^tto^.SeeThrough.
-(complete), aKaj tamdm, J^l^^dmt7.
iee Perfect. — A thoroughfare, j^j^
turHr. See Passage, Pass.
3roughfare, «. Jii^ »wii/a2. Whcre-
pon, I began to attire myself in clothes of
le handsomest description, and to feed npon
le most delicious meats. Now God made me
> be a hater of women. One day I was
alking through the streets of Bagdad, when
party of them stopped my way : 1 therefore
ed from them, and entering a bye-street
hich was not a thoroughfare, I reclined
pen a mastabah at its niriher extremity,
>roi]ghly, i%Uslb Mtamdm, lUo id-
ilan. See Completely, Perfectly.
iBCf CSii)\ uldyik. Of those, ^
CJoi^\ tnin tddffik. And in the midst
(of the hall) was a great fountain of alabaster,
over which was a tent of brocade ; and in those
chambers were different places, and in each of
those places fountains and tanks decorated *
and lined with marble ; and channels of water
flowed along the floors of those chambers,
W^^^^' cT* bi^ ^?****^ ^-^ sb
Thou, fj:^\ ant (fem. i^l anti). 0
thou who seekest to beguile, thou hast fallen
in thy base intention. Taste, then, the pain
of shameful calamity, and be with other woives
cut off! CU«K5^*ijU J^t (y«*'«^^ ^\ ^
Though, although, ^\ j^^ tt^tfw^aw. See
Keyertheless, Notwithstanding . — As
though, jj*l^ kaan, U^ ^wd, Uh^
^^mtsUmdyakHn, Andhesaid, We
most demand her in marriage of her father,
though I should give away all my kingdom.
And ne has asserted, that if he marry her
not he will die of love and passion for her,
W ^jjj^. fS u' -" V^-» sA* t?^
U]^j \sJLz ^J <^^^ • -^d ^P<>^
her forehead were two jewels the light of which
was like that of the sun, and she seemed as
though she were lookine at the people,
and obsenring them to the right and left,
^\:j ^\ *^li l|3l^ ^j Jl^\
J MM
Thought ( paH, o/think), ^y*^ mamUn.
Thought, J3 fihr. See Reflection, Con-
templation, Meditation, Conception, Opinion,
Judgment, Suspicion, Sentiment, Imagination,
Fancy ; aho Intention, Purpose, Design, Care,
Solicitude, Attention, Concern, Conjecture,
Thoughts, jlOt afkdr^ ^y^ tunun.
Thoughtful, ^jz^ tnuta/akkir, J^'l:;^
mutaammil. See Contemplative ; alio Careful,
Attentive. Amicus, Solicitous.
THB
(1034)
THB
ThougbtftiUy, J^'Uj^ J^ hTcdjUBrin
wa taammul,
ThoQghtfiilneBB, JJo ta/akkur, J^'tf
iaamfmii. See Thought, Anxiety.
Thoughtless, JiU^Ao/!/. SeeCarelesSyGay
Thoughtlessly,^^ ^^ minghayrfkrf
J^'l?^^ ^ mtfi ghaijfr taanuntd^
ThoughUessness,^^^ /^J^ ^udamcifkr^
Thousand, «. u-ill alf (pi. uJjl^ ulnf),
uJSl aldf. A. thousand years, L^ i^\
olfMnai. Ten thousand, i^Vi ijJLe.
^harai ddf, A thousand thousands,
i^\Ui\<dfalf. SeeMiUion. {jdf.
Thousandth, uJlUt ^^^^^ wahidmm al
Thrall, thraldom. See Slavery, Servitude.
Thrash, v. c-^ darab. See Beat.
Threshed (beat), l^^j^a^ madruK
Thread, $. IcuaL ih^t (pi. ^Itu:^ »I-
^dn). A cotton thread, Jji kp- iAay^
f Aos/. To spin thread, Jji ^Ama/.
Thread, v. (pearls, beads, etc.), *<i danim.
To thread a needle, Xjji\ m^ damm al
ihrah.
Threat, t. Jj«Xff ^aAili (pi. CL'^JjJ^
tahdidat), wAJykr ^Au^i/.
Threaten,!;. JJ 0^ ^ J^ ^omalJaAo toA(^e?,
J^y tawa^^ady JJ^ tahaddad. See
Terrify. — And he sent to threaten him, saying
to him» by the messenger, Thy mind has
suggested to thee desires. Dost thou threaten
me with Tiolent words } Either come thou to
me, or I will go to thee, 2r J J^ J-»;|^
Threatener, •. JJ^fL^ rmtahaddidj uJji^
mukhawwif. [mukhawtpaf.
Threatened, JJ^ muhaddad, uJ^^s^
Threatening, |»ar^. J^Xf^^ mutahaddid,
i^ mukhamwif, A thRtioai
answer, J^o^ ^^^ /««* <«^
Threatening letter, J^jJ^ L^fL^wir
Miahdid.
Threateningly, JJ*VfJ\ Asp-y hUujjk «•
Three, ^ «rfa«a&. Threefold, il
uJljuvl «a2a#a< ^^- ThreoecR
c^s^^
tUdn. Three hundred,
ijU^aZa^maya^ Three fhoosaoiwl
ilji\ ialdUa old/. In threes, ^'Li^l:
taldtahialakih. Belative to three, Jl^
sakM.
Threshold, f . Ls^ ^atdhitL
Thrice, j\j^\ U)b to^fi/M Mfdr.
Thrift, thrifline8s(gain,profit,8dmte»:
ThriU, t;. See Drill, Pierce, Bore.
Thriver, «. or thriving. See Prog«rj
Throat, «. ^jU- Aott ; {or fauces), •ji^
Ao/JfciZfft. See Neck. — ^Tocutthetb*
^0 saiaA. See Kill.— A cut-thr*
j\\>' joisiar. See Cat-throat
Throe (pain of child-bearing), J^
tnakhdd.
Throne, ». Cil-J^ji^ ta^riii»
^jS. car«A; (chair), ^^^htm- i^
they ceased not to prooecSl until tber cs'
at the vestibide of Ihe palace ; saa bt »
riding : then he alighted from he bos^ -
his father and the princes carried biai6£*>^
bosoms and arms, and seatipd him w^^ '
throne of the kingdom, while his fetbe »
the princes stood before him, **
Through (from side to side, or cs^ '•
end), ^V^ uJjo ^ mmUmfl^'
(by means of), ^^ win, i^^ ^
THE
( 1035 )
TIC
sitat To pass throngli, [j^j*^ ^ahar
min, j^ mmrr. Through me, ^^j»^
minnl^ ^^kc ^ann\. And when the
daughter of the King heard these words from
the old woman, her reason fled, through
joj; but she withheld herself from speaking,
thAt she might see the result of her a£Eair!
1
hronghont, ^Jl ^1 JJil ^^ mm «/
atotoal %U* §1 akhir.
hroWf V. ^jb tarah, ^j rama\ See
Shoot, Dart, Fling, Hurl, Cast.— To
throw stones, j\^\ ^jyi darab ahj&r.
To throw away, uJ«X>- Kadaf, See
Reject. — ^To throw down, ^^j rama^ \
(overtnm), c^^^li ibZo^. See Subvert,
Demolish,0 verthro w. — To throw one's-
eelf into danger, JLs^l J Jl^- ^j
rama* hdlahe f\ aX khatar. To throw
out (leave behind, distance), \j^ ii^
khalldh ward. See Outstrip, Surpass.
— To throw into prison, ^yu^\j wJ|^
wada^ hUhahi, See Imprison. — ^To
throw off clothes, ^IJ ^^ kJuUa^
siydhaho. To throw lots, ^Lc^ ^^j
rama* kur^h. See Lot.
drow, s, ^^j rami, ^Jb tarh, I found
this paper thrown down in the house, and I
took it, J ^j^ i^j^\ HSJb CDJ^^
\^ S^\i j\ji\ . And she took an apple
and threw it upon him, so he raised his head,
and beheld the daughter of the Wezeer at the
window, <Ux If^j^ ^12? CIJJ^I J
CJC^JI 4jij^\ Lj\ fj\ji ^\j jjy
irower, #. ^^\j rdml,
irowing(theactof),^j^nimI; {part.),
Thrown, ^j^ mormf, ^^^j^ muriaml.
Thrust, V. ^v> dafa^ See Push, Drive,
Shove, Force. — To thrust with a sword,
u^g^J \i -. j>-jarah htuayf. To thrust
oneself in, Los Jfw J dakhal gluuhan.
Thrust, 9. f^ys^ hufntn. See Push. — A
thrust with a sword, <— a^<^Jb ^ye^
hujfim hiuayf.
Thump, «. hji darlat See Blow.
Thump, V. ^j^ dardb; (with the fist),
jss:* nahar, a^ lakam.
Thunder, J^j rm^ (pi. J^ ru^^d),
A thunder-bolt, thunder-stone, ^^L^
sd^ikah. See Lightning. — The noise
of thunder, ixs^^ ja^ja^ah. Thunder-
ml
struck (confounded),^^;^ hayyar.
Thunder, v. Ss^j ra^ad.
Thursday, ^j»*^j^\ a^ yawm ail khamU,
Thus, \'diJb haka%d, \^ kazd. Thus and.
thus, \i^j \^ kaxd wa ka%d, c::-^
<^^j^^ kayt tea kayt.
Thy, cJ ok (fern. ^ kl). Thy book,
ilSj \i^ kiidhak. Or that thy repentance
will arail thee when th^ feet will fail thee ?
Or that thy companions will concern themselves
for thee in the oay when thy doom will sum-
mon thee? \j\ l1X«jJ vIXx ^J^^\
Thyself, CXmJj iki/«ail.
Tiara, #. ^U tdj. See Crown.
Tick (score, debt), ^ J dl^yn. To go tick,
^jk^\ utakrad. See Get into debt.
Tick, ». (louse which infests sheep and
other animals), iJ\y karddat (pi. J^yl
kird^.
Ticket, «. ^j^ foaraka, LAe. ^aldmat.
Tickle, V. ijii J dagkdagh.
Ticklish (sensible to tickling, easily
tickled), 9«xiJCJ yutadaykdayh ; (tot-
TIH
( 1036 )
TIM
tering, unfixed), j]^ ^U m&laho hu^dr.
See Inoonstant, .CapridoaB; Whim-
Bioal; Hazardons. [staney.
Tioklishness. See Uncertainty, Incon-
Tide (of tiie sea), 1^ madd. The flux
and reflux of the tide, jjs**^ J^^ madd
wa jawr. , Ebh tide, j J^ jaar* Flood
tide, 1« f9UM2i. See Ebb, Flow ; Time,
Season, Flood, Stream, Coarse.
Tidy, tidily, tidiness. SeeNeat,Neatly,etc.
Tidings,^^ khabar (pi. jUi^^ aJMar),
ijUj hi shdrat. See News. — Joyful
tidings,^LuJ haahdyir.
Tie, V. iXAc ^akad, kuj rahat. See Bind.
Tie» s, (knot), ndAc ^kdat; (bond,
obligation), Jfc ^hd.
Tier, ^Uj? iahakah, v»i«0 ^q/*, ^UaJ msam.
See Bow, Bange, Bank.
Tiger, «. jAj nimr.
Tigress, 9. XjAj nimraK
Tile, i, Ju/t^ kartnld; (covered with
tiles), «X^iSb uJjS^^ ma«j(ti/ M
Tile, 9. Ju^^l^ t— Q.5.J sakafhil kartnld.
Till, nntil, Jl i7»', ^i:i. Aafte', \j\ ^J^
hatU^ fS(3 ; (till when ?), ^ A\ M
mata\ Till this time, till now, ^1 ^\
ila* al an, ^\ VsSb ^\ tla* hazd al an.
Till this day, \3jb UL«jj ^\ M yaw-
mind hand. Till the end of time, ^\
^t«jJl^^t ila^ akhir auamdn.
Till, V. ^ fdaih, ClJj>' haras. See
Plough, Caltivate.
Tillable. See Arable.
Tillage, le\jj tird^at, is^^ls faldhai.
Tiller, 9. ^j\j zdri^, ^U fdlih. See
Ploughman.
Tilter, 9* jj\^ mubdrh. See Combatant.
Timber, i^^lL:^. khashah. See Wood.—
Atimber-merdhant,<-^l^rL Ua«U«i.
Timber or wood for firing, i^ia>
hatab. See Firewood.
Timbrel, 9. JJ? tabl See Tabor.
Time, vj:-^j waki (pi. CL^li^f «irldf.
Time present, j^\^\ i^:^^ tcwb t
hddir. Timepast,^^L*!^ ^t«J
al mddl, 4JNJ^^ ic>^J ^^^'^^
(in former times), ILL* 9ahQm. Sef
Formerly. — Time fatare, ^L«;
f^^JkiM»Ji^wlM^nalmu9taJcM. Hsire?
time, ^*4J^ ^^^^3 waJU al mdiwft
See Haryest. — ^In good time, ^^^y
^jiS\ J<^^^^ hH wakt ufoT mmos t
Idtim. See Seasonably. — ^From tis;
to time, at times, d^lS^^ u^- ^^'
awkdi. See Sometimes. — ^At no tk*
Li kati. See Fever. — In time dit
cessity, ^Wt L^^y SttMi^ alh^
In the evening time, Ima^I! o;»
Uwakt al ma9d, A long time, ^,'««
^^ zamdn ta%pil, A short time, ^.'•«
^«.dj sdmdA jb«ir. At all times, j>
AbUl moefy 0^ ayydifi. See Alwap--*
In the time of peace, J^\ ^\ j;'
taman a99ulh. In the time of mr '
battle, i^jJ\ c:.Jy hiwoH d Ar.
The revolutions of time, ^^^p' ^^1^
dawardn auamdn. In the time £
Solomon, ,^UJu-» /•M ^ /I ijiyc*
&2efyfn5». In the time of the pro^
of God, <d]\ J^-a; J14C Jl^ ^' j<«
nuil/ a^^A. Life time, y^£^ ^tmr • 1^"^
stricted to any fixed time, ^^:^y^ "'
wakkat. An appointed time, 1^ 1^^*
toakt mukarrar. A convenieat tise
4^^mA. See Opportunity.— Tie
(leisure), i^ji funak. And 1 H
TIP
(1037)
TIT
afident that this atate of things would
ntinue and profit me. and I ceased not to
e in this manner for a length of time,
lely (seasonable) u^^^b^t i:L^^\j
I ioaht al mvndiib^ ^y hiwaitihi,
le-serving {aUo a time'Server), ^\
'^^\ ibn al toakt. See Servile,
lid, Timorous, uJuU^ Jfhayif, ^^^^Uyu«
ttstahif c^^ h&yib, ^U^ jahdn.
ee Pearfal,Prigbtened,Fa8illaiiimons.
lidity, timoroasness, uJ^ khawf,
[^ khqfal, L»- hayd, ^UJb hayhah,
se Fear, Cowardice. — Bat always advance
>ldly even to meet a lion, for the ooldness of
le heart gives speech to the tongue, and
(leases from the restraints of false reserve,
id thereby rank may be gained, and wealth
scared; whereas timidity is akin to sloth,
nd a cause of inefficiency, and occasions
elay in action and the failure of hopes ; and
) this effect are the words of the proverb :
The hold will prosper, but the timid fail,"
^li * ^U>il< Jlc^^ Y'^ IV llOoy
nidly, timoronsly, ^y^, h% khavofin^
»*\^ AdM hi^adam jaraat.
n,ji*i^ kasdlr, [(^^^C:^ «m^tfrf.
mnan (one who tins pots and kettles),
nature, tinct, i\^ aahdyh.
nature, tinge, v. ^^ sdbagh.
ngle, tinkle, tink, v, ^Jb ion.
nt, ^^ lawn. See Tinct, Tincture,
ny, JJi kahl. See Small. [Top.
p, «. (point, extremity), ^^\ awj. See
pple, V. «— ^ shereh. See Drink. —
Tipple, (^]y^ shar&h. SeeDrink, Wine.
Tippler, c--^^ tharrlh. See Drunkard.
Tipstaff, i, (officer of a court), yiiAS^
muhdir, /pj^ ehdtptuh.
Tipsy, i^l^C* sakrdn. See Drunk.
Tiptoe, I* Jilt ^\j r&9 al Jsadam. To
walk on tiptoe, <U^l.*l U**3J l5^ is^
meshl ^la* rtt« asdhi^i.
Tire, «. (rank, ^w), i^^ saf.
Tire, v. (weary out), ^.-oul at^. See
Patigue, Weary ; also To attire. Dress.
— (to become fatigued), c«^ U^h.
Tired, ^^I-jw ta^dn.
Tiredness, u,,>^ii.7 ta^. See Fatigue.
Tiresome (fatiguing), Uy ^^f.^ mn^^ti^.
See Tedious.
Tiresomeness. See Tediousness.
Tirewoman, «. ^dxlL* mdahia.
Tissue (gold or silver stuff), ^Usr^ ^Iqfa.
Tit, «. (small horse), ^^JL^ (^^«^^ Atisdw
Titbit, «. (jmjUj naf&y\$. See Delicacy.
Tithe, *. ^uuc ^tMAr (pi. jKJLA a-^ihdr).
Legal tithes, ^L^£^\ j\Lzi\ al a^ihdr
al »hare,iyah.
Tithe-gatherer, «. jluLf ^ashshdr.
Titillate, v. ^J^ J dagMagh. See Tickle.
Titillation, 4i£«Xc J daghdaghah.
Title, «. L-^ /a* (pi. lJ^\ alkdh),
cJ-p^ «^<m/ (pL uJU^I «tt7»(i/). The
title or title-page of a book, ^^y^
^anwdn. See Name, Appellation. —
(a claim of right), j;»- hak»
Title, f^. v-^ foib».
Titter, t^. JLO^ takahkak, ^^a^ vl^sr'
^A«A hikahkahah. See Laugh.
Tittle, «. idaAJ miA^aA. See Particle.
Titde- tattle, |«K11 i^ kasarat al kaldm,
CfU ^ildk. See Tattle, Prattle.
Tittle-tatde, r. cJOj: ^aJ^A. See Prate.
TOO
(1088)
TOL
Titular (nominal), ^j^ Idkabi.
To, J U or J la, ^\ %la\ Bee Toward,
Till. Tome, ^J ft. Tothee,cLi3W
(fem. Cli3 likC). To him ar her, ^
laho (fem. l^ Uhd), *-l^ t/%W. To us,
U /«wJ. To you, J3 ?a*w» (fem. ^
/tifcin). To them, ^ Mum (fem. ^
KAirt). Tohimflel£,iUii ^J^ fV na/sthi,
ij\ tlayhi. To that, uiJj J\ iV
sa/a, ^ laho. \4 l*hd. To this, \^
lihata, *J^ /tAflw. In order* to, ^
half, U-^ ifeflymfi, ^ lika^f, Ji Jfl
/t%afi. To (as fer as), ^1 ila\ To
(until), ^\ da*. To the end of time,
j^UjJl i-T ^^ •2a' tf^Air asaumdn.
To-day, /•^^ o^atpw. See Day. —
To-night, aLll\ aUaylaL See Night.
— To-morrow, USj hukrd. See Morrow.
Toad, «. j^»J\ & iXii (2a/(2a^ a««am.
Toad-stool, «. U^ ibmS. See Pongas.
Toast, 9. J-^ yii ibintiiar kht^%» See
Itoast.— To toast thehealth of amistress
or friend, 2y*J c-^ «A^tf ^ hmrrihu
Toast, ». (toasted bread),y!aUj-i^ *Ai»fas
mukammar; (a health to a mistress or
friend), ^ «trr.
Toasted, ^^•i«« mukammar.
Toaster, y^JU mtt^mmtr.
Tobacco, ^jlx>-0 i?wifeA5n. The smoke of
tobacco, ^1^*3 dtdchdn. A tobacco-
Tobacconist, j^U- J ^ layya^dukhkhan.
Together (in company, in theisame place
or time), ^f•J^r yawl^«»; (without
intermission), (^My )b &i7s tawakkuf,
JUjbl lb &t7d t'Amd/. See Intermission.
— Agreeing together, m^m) ^^h \^\y
Umj ^aioa/aibi ma^ ha^ihim ha^dan.
Together with, ^ ma^. They fw»
up to the age of wTeateea yww, dm i
each other's company, eating and drin^
together, and neTer aepaxmted oae fremaiisttB.
Toil, jJl) ^^yi-3 wtl iofty*, S^j^
Lc ^»iitf . See Labour.— To toil, J^
Toils, <iCi. «^a&i;&a. See Snare, M
Toilsome, v_ -'^-^ mut^tb,
Toilsomeness, ^^nl ta^ab.
Token, #. ihll^ wiidr**, i^JU ^dda^-
See Sign, Mark.— A token or memoni:
of friendship, jl^ Jc^^ M<«iar. 0 bt
brotiier andfriend, reoeiTe these load* andiWR"
them as a present from me and as • tok^ »
my loje for thee, and repair to thy eoisr
with peace and happiness, ^i
Jl ^y^ i^^j ii^^ J-1 >
Told, ,Lk^ wuWff', ^>;i^^ »»e^
Tolerable, J-c.ff^ miukUmaL
Tolerableness, JUi»-^ ihiimol.
Tolerably, JUis-3^ J^^^tT^ *"^:'
ibd&i? a/ ihtimdl.
Tolerance (patient Buffering), ^ ••^
JjL^ takammul. See Patience.
Tolerate, r. (permit), ^ iomA, j^
h\\9A a^ta* ijwsah. See Suffer.
Tolerated,Jilp-yayn5, J-«cls^ ««W»*
Toleration (permission, oonninnce,
gj\pA ijdtah, J^^ tahammvl.
Toll, Jyas^ mahsiU, ^li Jaj. S«T»
—Toll paid for guarding the rM&
jk^ kha/ar. Toll paid Ibrpwffl5»
river, jj-Jl -.U Jq; oi^nJilr.
TON
( 1039 )
TOP
>mb, s,j»i hairy hy iurhai, ijJ^ mat'
barat. — See Sepalehre. — ^A tomb-stone,
yij^ marttad. See Monument. — 0
tomb, 0 tomb, hare his cbaxms perished ; and
lias that brilliant changed ? 0 tomb, thon art
leither a garden nor a firmament ; how then
2au the fall moon and the sun be united in thee }
»mb, v.j^ kabar. See Entomb, Bury,
Inter. Tombless^^L htl& kahr.
ime, «. jLbt* muJaUad. See Volume,
imtit, 8. ^LIt^I alkartab&n, j^ ^y}
jjua naw^ tayr ioghlr.
tne, 8. iukj naghmdkf J^l ttfd/, ^li^
PM^si^m. Prom tone to tone {aUo in
single tones), ^liU ^\ ^U.« ^ mm
makdm M fMtkdm, Speaking or sing-
l-
ing in a sweet tone of yoice, ^j^sr^
talhln. See Sound, Note.
ings, f^jrr^ JcMatUny ^U^ kammd-
tha. See Fortseps.
>ngae, a. (organ of speech), ^UJ
lisdn (pi. iCwJ! aUtnah). See Lan-
s^uage, Speech. — The mother tongue,
lii hghat Tongue-tied (having an
mpediment in speech), ^UJI J^m«
na^fjid al ludn. The tongue of a
valance, ^|p^^ (^^ l*8dn dl mlzdn,
\nd said, 0 my son, ask not what she did
^ben I told her the case, for she said, If thon
lold not thy tongue, 0 ill-omened old woman,
[mil treat thee as thou de8ervest,ti:;JUi
DguelesBi ^U ^U mdJaho Usdn.
Tonsure, LtJ^j rtuhnaty (jmU^Jlj^
hUdkat 8hamind8.
Too, ^U^ kamdn, LajJ aydan. See Like-
wise, Also. — Too much, Jjl j adyid.
Tool, 8. iS\ alat (pi. izJi\ alat). See
Instrument ; Yenal, Hireling.
Tooth, 8, ^ 8xim, A canine tooth,
<«^l3 n&h. Canme teeth, (^\j\ any ah.
A back tooth, \ji*j»a dir8 (pi. {jM\jtc\
adra8). With tooth and nail (with
one's utmost force), /♦Uublj a1jj\ J^
htkol ikddm wa ihtimdm.
Tooth-ache, «. ^jL->il ^^j i€aja^ala8ndn.
Tooth-drawer, 8. ^LuSl cHi kaUd^ al
a8ndn, [dented. Serrated.
Toothed, ^L^t ^ laho a8ndn. See In-
Toothless, ^\i^\ <(]U mdlaho a8ndn.
Tooth-picker, 8. ^^liJIl ^ICs:^ iiit^^d«A
(d a8Hdn. To pick or clean the teeth*
with a tooth-picker, ^L*.*t ^jJi^- ha*
huh a8ndfk$ho.
Top, a. yjSj rd8, i^i kimmat, i^jj sor-
wat See Pinnacle, Head. — The top
or crown of the head, (jmIJI a\ umm
arrd8. The top of a mountain, j-.|i
J*Jl rd8 al jabal (pi. JUJl ^^y,^^
rii« aljibal). Topmost, ^\ a^la\
Topaz, 8. (a gem), O^^J »aharjad,j\)^jb
topd»yjLa\ tZJy Ij ydi^u^ a8/ar.
Topical, j1J\ ^Lj j^^^flflcr yakhm haydn
alhUdd. See Local. — (peculiar), ^U-
khd8, ^y»n ^ makh8il8. Topical
remedies, c:^bfc>;i fardiydt.
Topic (subject), ^j^y mawdn^.
Topographer, SU\ ^ ^J^ ihdrth ^an
al hildd.
Topography, SU\ loAukr takkM id hOdd.
Topsy-turvy, ^.^jLA^li bil nwhaklah.
To throw topsy-turvy, ^^a^ 8haklab,
TOB
(1040)
TOW
Torcb, JitMb^ nuuh^al (pi. JfiUi^
ihd^), *>U^^ miih^,
Torch-bearer, -js****^ moih^alfl.
Torment, c-^ltLc ^a»dh. See Pain,
AnguiBh, Misery, Tortare.
Torment, v, i^sc ^asxab. See Pain,
Harass, Fersecate, Tease, Torture.
Tormented, c,j«3ut,^ mu^tiub. See
Tortured. — To be t(Nrmented, l^Jju
tacauah. [Torturer.
Tormenter, t. l^jSm.^ mu^uib. See
Tom (in pieces), JhuJA^ mtM^oiU^i^.
Torpedo (fisb), if jlcj ra^^dat.
Torpid, (jLm^ huldn, J^ ianhal. See
Sluggish, Stupid, Numb.
Torpidaess, torpitude, torpor, d^^l^iXc
Torrent, «. J^ «<iy/ (pi. J^^ ««yflQ.
Torrid, J »«^ muhrik (fern. ^ -»^ mtiA-
riibA), ^l>- har, ij\;S^^ *i^^ •haUd
al hardrat The torrid zone, ^Liw^Il
^^pS^I al manUkat al muhrikai,
i(j[^\ ^ftlai^l al mantakat al hdrrah.
Torsion (twisting, wreathing),^^ da/ar,
Mj{ haram. [uAv-iL> saldhif.
Tortoise, «. jJl^ sulhifah. Tortoises,
Torture (torments judicially inflicted to
extort confession), c-^Ijlc ^at&h, hAs-
lukubat. See Torment, Panishment. — He
was black and tall, and he was crying out,
Let my Lord be praised, who has appointed
me this severe affliction and painfiil torture
until the day of resurrection, J^\ ^^
^ ^ ^J U^-^*^ S^^W^ Jd>
Torture, v. l-;j^ ^audb. See Back. —
To extort a confession by torture, iJ
<— >1*xJIj karrar hil ^ax&h [mented.
Tortured, l^jjl^ mu^amb. See Tor- .
Torturer,
cutioner, Tormentor.
Toss, 9. (throw), _^ raat^, ^Je UnL
Toss, «. ^^ J rami. See Throw.
Tossed, tost, ^^y mrnrml, SeeThioviL
Total, J^ kol, |%UJ tatndm, ^^^a^-jmu
See Whole, Complete, Full. — ^The total
totality, tl^k^jumlat, LJJ loC^
Totally, ''UUJ tamdman, lJSl\j hi hbl-
Uyat, Has^ jumlaian, ^Ajkje\} hS
jumlah, AajpSiS/I alpanUk.%
Totter, r. jj^ toBobal, ^^y tmnjrm.
Tottering, pari, ^ ^^^ muimropry.
Touch, V. ^jmjJ^ lama$.
Touch (contact), \j*t^ lawu.
The touch (sense or feeling), ^U^l!^ i J
ktiwat aUdmiiah. Soft to the toad
(as clothes, plumage, etc.), ^U md-Ju.
Touched, ^j^yif^A^^ mamOU^ ^j^iyj^
malmm.
Touchable. See Tangible.
Touchiness. See Peevisbnesa.
Touchy. See Irascible, Peevish.
Touching (in respect of), ^LuJ nubiiA
AMmuW} bH niabai.
Touchstone, <. CS^s^ muhttk.
Touchwood, f^\i^ HLfdn, ^li kdv.
Tough (not brittle), juS^^^^ flmf
munka8%r\ (stiff, not limber), JiU ^
ghayr-tdhU; (difficult to be chewed.
C^-sjH Idjfun^alik; (viscous,elamiDT ,
fjjj debek. See Glutinous.
Tour, 9. j^J dawr, 9j^*^ dawra; {tut\
jj J dawr, [Flax, Em%
Tow, ^^ kutidn, v.^ kmnib. Sas
Toward, towards, i^Jtii liUraf, c^
nahU. fie went towards him, Ji*^
if^^U hu rah linahwihi. Toward tk*
garden, ^l:jyJI uJ^ Utarafd hm-
TEA.
( 1041 )
TEA
&n. Towards the city, ^X«ll^^
anahu al madlnai, S\ %la\ And she
:u8ed the fi^nnd before him, therenpon the
ejB^ raised his head towards her and said,
V'oe to thee ! Wherefore hast thoa remained
iway until thia hour ? ^^^^ c:
4 Jl3^ IfJl ^5; ^\ tV *i^ ^^
ward, towardnesB, etc. See Dooile.
wely i^jSJLi hashklr.
wer, <• ^y hufy. The tower at chees,
L J ruih. The highest pinnade of a
ower,di^ iharfat (pLd^li^ Bharf&t).
\!he Tower of Babel, JjU -^ ^r/
o^iV. Many of the peoples of the East deny
tie Teracity of the whole narratiTe of the Bible
onceming thebnilding of this Tower by Noah*s
osterity, upon which God miraculoosly con-
bunded their lang:uage, and thns dispersed
tiem into different nations. These same
copies of the East assert, on old traditions,
tiat the Tower of Babel was nothing but an
Lstronomical Obsenratory built by the Babylo-
ians. And in fact the word babd does not
ome from JJj halbal, to cause confu-
Lon, as it is alleged, but from im^\j hdh,
door, and Jj Bel, the same as Baal
le Sun-God, and it means the gate of the God
iel, as we say now ^\ c^b hdh aUah,
le gate of God, or the city of God. If words
re the representative sigds of ideas, the
mealogy of the one becomes that of the
;hcr, and a good etymolo^cal dictionary
ould be the most penect history of human
iderstanding.
raring (lofty), ^JU ^d/f.
rn, «. Ax}X« madinaL jL halad, ijL
\ldat. See City, Metropolis, Capital.
-To storm a town, jJj ^^^ mjb^ ha-
m cola* halad. See Storm,
rnsman, «. oi> ^f^f (bn halad. See
tizen. — The town and townsmen,
lJI jJ^I^ J[:j Jb«ll al madlnat wa awlad
halad. The town-hall or town-
»ii8e, ^iJlsT^I ail mahkamah.
;e, 8. tract (mark, vestige), 4.«lc ^<i-
mat, M^j rattn,^] asar (pi- j^ I ^«ar).
Trace, v. (mark out), w^ rasam.
Traced (marked), (^^j^ marsUm.
Tracer, «. (one who marks out or deli-
neates), wl^ rdsim ; (one who inyesti-
gates), ^^f^sjut mufattiah. See Searcher.
Track (path), ^^Jb tarik, J^^^ sahU.
Tract, 8. (district, quantity of land),
jb J dijfdr, i»>-b ndhiyat (pi. ^<^-'y
nawahi)y htAi huk^at (pi. cU^ hikdi).
See Region, Course. — (a treatise, small
book), ^Lt; rudlah.
Tractable, dL«bL«]f fjf^^ 8ahil al mu^d-
malah, w>Vi^ mutu. See Manageable,
Docile, Tame, Obsequious, Obedient.
Tractableness, d^U^l itd^f. See Docility,
Tameness, Obedience.
Tractably, JulLl J^ hikol itd^ai, JCj
^Lf hikol muldyamat.
Trade (traffic, commerce), ^IsT tijdrat,
y^U matjar. See Exchange, Business.
— A trade (employment), ^ fann,
^UCmo 8an^at, ^L^ 8indc,at, di.^. Atir-
/aA. See Occupation. — As for the opportuni-
ties afforded by the exercise of public functions,
and the advantages derivable rrom administra-
tive power, they prove fallacious as the confused
vagaries of a dream, or like shadows that
vanish in the darkness, nor can any calamity
be better than degradation : and as for trade,
its stores are exposed to frequent risk, and often
become a prey to the depredations of marauders,
and their disappearance is rapid as the flight of
the most swift birds, * CL^Uiy \ ^ji\^\
Trade, r. (traffic), ijKaf^^AX. ^amal
tijdrah, j>-\j tdjar.
Trader, 8. ^\i tdjar (pi. ^c^r iujjdr),
^b^jb hdnirghdn* See Merchant.
66
T&L
(1042)
TRA
Tradesman, t. (meohanio), ^1*^ $dni^.
Tradition, lA^j riwdyat, yms>^ khabar
(pi. jLf^l akhbdr), [mankuL
Traditional, ^^^L4b«d iamd^, Jj.fl-;,,.^
Traduce, r. wJ taham. See Calumniate,
Slander, Defame, Censure, Condemn.
Traducement, Ij^ tukmat, \j:j\ iftird.
See Slander, Calumny, Censure.
Traducer, \^j^ muftari. See Calum-
niator, Slanderer.
Traffic. See Trade. — (commodities),
J^y«t amwdlf ^^ haddyi^. See
Merchandize, Wares.
Tragacanth (plant), jIixj katdd; (gum),
i^ katlrah.
Tragedy, \jS^\Jb trdjldid. See Mia-
fortune. Calamity, Disaster.
Tragical. SeeBloody, Calamitous, Mourn-
ful, Disastrous, Dreadful.
Trail, v, j>- jar, l^^st^ iahah. See
Draw. — To trail as a garment on the
ground, Ils-*' shahat.
Trailed, ^^££V« munjar, l^^Jjs^ rnajzHb,
Train, v. (educate, form to anything),
mm
^j rabba'. See Instruct, Exercise;
aho Draw, Trail. — To train a horse.
Train, «. (artifice, stratagem), ^^ ; '^
hilah, Ju^ kayd; (the tail of a gown),
Jj J dayl (pi. J^J duyHl). The train
of a bird, i^^ j danab. See Tail.—
A train or series, ^Uaj nhdm. See
Process, Method. — A train (followers),
^\y tawdbi^f ^\atbd^, t**^^ (•'^^
khadam wa hasham. See Eetinue,
Procession. — A train of artillery, itXe
j-3l*xJlcu'ljby:j ^iddai wa ^arabd-
ndt al maddfi^. Train (railway),
*Xf»Xfi)\ c:->Ulj^ ^aro&dnd^ al hadld.
Traitor, «. ^l^ UdjfM, i^^ %^ i^mr^
A bread and salt traitary Jf^^ J'f*-
f^\^ khawwdn al khuht wal mUk,
Traitorons, ^;£U>- Jkhdym, j\j^ ffhaOar
See Perfidious.
Traitorously, ij\^ JCj hUM kki^a^,
\jj^ ghadran, d^LsLj^jLC Jd ^^
ghadrin wa khiydnat.
Traitress, <. ^U^ khayndh^
Trample, v. ^1& ^/w^O dds ^ala\
Trampled, ^lJl& (jm1»>^ nntdds ^aldyki.
Trampler, «. (^/m^^O ddyig,
Trance» s, or tranae (temporary abseo^
of the soul), ^Jitx ffhashyoL
Tranced (in a trance), ^Vj*M.r yka^yi\
Tranquil, u^i^U hddl. See Quiet
Tranquillity, to-]^ rdhat, ^^^ ««^"»*
>l^l ..lU^l itmlndn al Odtir. Se
Quiet.
Transact, v. ^/^^ tauttci^, u^l-^
^amalihuyhl, iJ/^^^ 9^ ^^ va t*^
tora'. See Manage, Negotiate, PerfifB.
Transacted, J^^jc^^ mufuamtl.
Transaction, s. »^^Lu^ MiudirdA, J^
ittifdh See Negotiation^ Manag^cstj
Transcend, v. ^J^ ac^i^, ^U '^
takaddam ^la\ tj^ O^ fi^ i!"^
See Pass, Surpass, Exceed, £i
Surmount, Climb.
Transcendency, t<^ /•JlaJ ^tfitf/ifi
^ff/a', J«di /<ii^.* See Excellence, ^
eminence.
Transcendent, transcendental, J>^^tf/^
^)^\ifddil, aJ^xl^ mvisiaddim,
fdytk. See Excellent, Pre-emi
Superior. fC
Transcribe, r. ^Jaj itoM, k**^ iMMii
Transcript, «. Jii fUbU,
TEA
( 1043 )
TEA
nsfer, 9. J^ hawwal, Jaj ndkal,
ee Conyey, Cairy, Transport, Eemove.
-To transfer (property, etc.), from
le to another, Ji} nakl.
nsferred, J^ax^ mank^h
nsformation, transfigaration, t-nLJ
ld)\ iaghylr mhshaU, ^ mmM.
he transfiguration of Jesus Christ,
nsform, transfigure, 9. Jjj hadal,
*'*^ masakh, ^A'i kalah.
nsformed, c,.Jfl;^ tnunhalib. To be
ansformed, v,, JS)\ inhalab. Before
;r words were ended King Bedr became
ansformed into the shape of a bird, the most
iautiful that could be ; and he shook his wings,
id stood upon his feet, looking at Joharah,
a:j
LtfA ^l1>-
iJ^J
i^J^
^}
»j^^^
\
nsformer, #. ^t« mdsiJtk
nsfuse, V, Jiu nakal.
Dsfusion, Ji3 nai^/, a!U>> hawdlah,
nsgress, r. (go beyond bounds), i^Juu
^dda* ; (to offend against any law,
istom, etc.), J^^^ tajduxKi. See
olate. — Then he said to him, 0 my son,
have now given thee my charee^ and
ished it; and if thou obey its gaidanco, a
casing be with thee, but if thou transgress
ainst it, woe be unto thee ; and may God
itch over thee for me when I am no more ;
d I trust thou wilt not falsify my hope con-
mingthee,vj:.^--tfy*^5^b aI JlS ^
isgression, v/*^ ta^dif^ia^ khatd.
a Offence, Sin, Crime, Fault, Yio-
;ion. [tqfdwin.
Lsgressing, transgressiye, J|«l^U him-
Transgressor, s. ^^Juc^ muia^addi, ^U
bspkl {pi. if\k) hi^hdh), j^\i^\^ tnuU-
jdfjoh.
Transient, transitory (momentary, frail,
fleeting), JU /am, cs^li^-x 9^tt^
sdhit, Jjlj zdyiL
Transiently (soon passing, slightly, en
passant), J|«|^l Xe^ hsur^atagstawdl.
Transientness, transitoriness^ CL^L^ t a Jkc
^adam assdbdt, UJ\ /^Sc ^dam al bakd,
TransitioUyji^ ^u^Or.
Transitive (having the power of passing),
jy^^ JjU kdlH al ^ubur. A transi-
tive or active signification, f|«Xft7 f»&-
ditfaL A transitive or active verb.
Translate, v, (from one language to
another), ^^^ ^^Vun. See Interpret,
Explain ; also To transport, Eemove.
Translated, ^J^ fmUarjam. [tarjim.
Translator, ^L^^^y tarjwndnt mp^z^mu*
Transmarine (beyond sea), j^)\\j^\^
md ward al hahr; (rare, exotic), 1^-^ y^
gharih, j jU nddir. [grate, Travel.
Transmigrate, 17. Jiii\tipi<aib/. SeeEmi-
Transmigration (passage from one place
to another), JUiJt tnttkdl. 8ee Emi-
gration.— The transmigration of the
soul, ^UsSl attandsuhh, [muntahU.
Transmigrating, transmigrant, Ji:u^
Transmission, transmittal, JLijt irsdh
Transmissive, transmitted, ^^j^ muraal.
See Sent. [See Send.
Transmit, v. i}^ haictpolf JU>^1 anal.
Transmutable, fj^s^ffotahatewal, %^Ahi
yankalih.
Transmutation,^^! ^JU ^\ ^^ Ji>a^
tahwil €hy M thf akhar, ^lU-l iholat.
Transmutation of metab, L^m^ Mmld,
T&k
(1044)
TBB
TraDBmntei v, J^ kawwdlf i^Sn kalah.
See Change. — ^To tninamute metaky
L^ Ji ^ffMi klmUL.
TranBmuted. ^,..Ib;,^ wmUulA.
Tcansmater, i^j^ muhawwUf Cy Ja^
mukaUth. [Gleamefls, Brillianey.
Tnnegaiency, iJ\jUU ihafd/at. See
Transparent, c^U^ $haffil/. See Clear,
BrigH Brilliant
Tran^ire, v. (become pnblio), &Li shd^^
^lj«jU fdr ihdjfi^; (to perspire),
Transplant, v. Ja3 noibiL
Transplantation, Jaj luiib^.
Transplanted, J£u^ miin<«ib7.
Transplanter, Jib ndhH. [Jij ntfio/.
Transport, r. (carry from place to place).
Transport, transportation (conTeyaaoe),
^Jij nakl.
Transported, J^a^m* tnankAl,
Transporter, 9, Jjl3 ndkU. See Carrier.
Transpose, v-jS>-\^ /•oi kaddam wa dkh-
khar. To transpose one letter in the
place of another, ^^j^^j^^^ (^*^
kaddam toa MMar al htr^f.
Transposition, transposal, J^t^yJ tabdil,
UlIjoT tahrtf, i,J^^ ta%hlf.
Transubstantiate, v. (change substance),
J^ hawwal. [lique.
Transverse, l^j^ warh. See Cross, Ob-
Transversely, S-^jjI^ hU warh.
Trap, i, 2rju«a^ nuuyadah. See Snare,
Ambush, Stratagem. — To trap, CXmu^
Sju^d^b metek hil nuuyadai. See
Ensnare.
Trappings (for horses), Ji>- jtldl.
Trash, s^Ksu na/dwah. See Dross, Dregs.
Travail, r. (labour in childbirth), cs^-^Slb
iilkat, u:.^«>-y Uwajj\at
Travail, «. (labour in childbirih), J^
Travel, v.yL «d/«r. Travel; thoavih
find a friend in the place of him thon kaTot
and fktiffiie thyaeli ; for by Uboor ait ti'
aweetB of life obtained. (To a maa of iuzlfi-
gence and education) there is no gioir a a
constant residence ; therefoi« qmt th j ms>i
place, and go abroad, l^^
}\^ i3j\M^ ..-u
*1
<^.>^1j ^U9p\ cJi UjJI ow
Travel,' travelling, ^^Aiid utfar, ^L»-L^ a-
y&hah. See Journey. — To aet out e
one's travels, (jiji^^ ^J^ ^^ ^csm
\aUif atidrtk. And when one ooimtiT fsL*
to yield thee sapplies, or distraas has cm-
taken thee therein, cat off thy hopes inm :i
and s^eed thy eamel away ; for the best .-'
oonntries is that which maintains thee. 5t
deem remoral a hardship, nor dislike d^crt
of place ; for the most distingniBhed of er
sect, and chiefs of oar tribes, are agmd =
the opinion that moTement is bliss, and no
ing of fresh places a sore gain, like a faiH <^
exchange, wtdle they express contempt ke lie
opinion of one who thinks that traveilia^ a
misery, or change of place a signal torto.
Traveller, «.^Lm^ musafir.
Treacherous, ^l>^ khdyin,j\s£gkaddaf-
See Perfidious, Traitorous.
Treacherously, X^L^L JCj hikoiUuy6»^
\jSc> ffhadran.
Treachery, treacherouaneas, ij\^ ^
ydnatf jA£> ghadr. See Perfidy.
Treacle (a medicinal composition), \^J
tuydk, Jjj9 iirydi, j\jjj
THE
( 1045 )
TEE
adorn. See Gk>i Step, Walk,
md (step, footing), MSk.hadam.
iason, ^Uf^ hhiyanatf jtXe. ^hadr.
iasonable, ^^ khayin^J^tXL ghadd&r.
\ee Treacherous, TraitoroQ8,EebeIliotis.
\BSQTe,yShmi^ ^j\y>' hhaidnah, ^js>^
kazlnah. See Biches, Wealth, Money.
-Treasures, . f^]js>- khasStfinf jyS
unuz. So I said, Bring to me the wealth
ind it was oontained in a thousand pits, in
ich of which were a thonsand handred-
eights of red gold, and yarieties of pearls
ad jewels ; and there was the like quantity
r white silver, with treasnrei snch as the
ings of the earth were unable to procure),
nd thej did so, ^ \^j0ds>^\ a^ ls-JlU
lasnre, v. ^y^ hhatan.
iasurer, «. yjj^ hh&zin^ e^lj^ hkau&n.
lasnry, «. ^J^ JchasAndhf JUll c:^
ayt al mdl, ^}s^ makJuum [hence
la^aun in Spanish, ma^Mine in Eng-
sh]. The royal treasury, ij^l
^USl al khassnat al ^dmtrah,
at, V. (negotiate, settle any business),
r^ (J^ 1"*^!^ short, J^ fji ^mal
ahd'y (to handle, manage), ^b hd-
hat ; (to give an entertainment), J.f
iLM0 ^amdl diyafah; (to discourse on),
^^i^ i)f ^mal mmdkarah. To treat
l,j^ kdhor. See Oppress, [ment.
;at, «. ^Lj diydfah. See Entertain-
(ated (discoursed upon), j^iV« maighar.
^atise, «. aSL| mSAiA, 9j\d^ muta-
arah,
tatmenty A^\jl^ mu^malah, \li^
9dlkk. Good treatment, CL>Uill t7^«/df,
aAsj fi^dyah. Ill treatment, JJ9 mdm,
Ujj- jaf&f j^ joufr. See Oppression.
Treaty, «. «Xfc ^aM. A treaty of peace,
oZ ifdh, i^\^a^ muidlahU, [ad^f.
Treble (threefold), uJIm\ o)Li «£r^d«a^
Tree, 9.jSf^ shqfar, SjSf^ shajarah.
Trees, jLk-^1 ashjdr, c:.^Lk-* shajardt
The infernal tree (the devil), 9jjs:^
!♦ JJ\ shajarai atstaknm. Abounding
in trees, planted with trees, a grove or
thicket of trees, jt^**^ mushjir. See
Foreet, Gtoto, Thioket-^Then I ctimbed up
a lofty tree, and hegan to look from it to the
right and left^ but saw nought sare sky and
water, and trees and birds, and island and sands,
C-y»j iJU ijS^ ^Jlc iZJdJua iS\ ^
Trefoil, t)*^ trifle. See Clover.
Trellis, «. CC^*^ wuMblah, See Lat-
tice. Orate.
Tremble,t?. Juu^l irto^, \J*Juj\ trtotoah,
J jjjj toMohal, ujis^j rafaf. See Shake,
Totter, Stagger. — ^To tremble as the
earth, JjJj-^ tmuUfuU, To tremble with
oold, ^ttiiiSy takafkaf. To cause to
tremble, (^-fi>;^ ^^V*
Trembling, tremulous,(j£ut7^ifiiir^^t>A.
Trembling, tremor, ^J^j ra^h, i^Xcj
ra^dat, J]pJ %alndl jUjijI irti^dd,
/PUjjf irta^h. Depart and return
not hitiier, or I will kill thee, and she cried
out in his face; so he departed from her
presence trembling, shaking, and quiyering,
UajT^ \to-li
• -•
Tremblingly, jUJ^Ij ^^j^ J^ ^*^^
irti^dsh iva irti^d, oUjjb hi irtudd.
TBI
(1046)
TBI
TremendoQs, uJ^j^MnMil/, J^f«Mdkl7.
See Horrible, Temble^Dreadfnl, A wfdL
Trench, JX.»- i^mdak, ^/^j^ maid'
fit, ^jf^a^ teteii. See Ditch.
Trepidation, uJy^ ikawf. See Terror,
Tremor. [greasion, etc.
Trespass, to trespass, etc. See Trans-
Tresses, JAs>-jaddffil. See Curl, Lock
of hair.
Tressed (carled), J^AsT* mmji^L
Trial (experiment, examination), ^Is^t
imtih&n^ ^^/f^ <<Sfr*kiA, ^joar' tafah-
hm\ (endeaTOor, attempt), ^jl^ M^i,
iX>-jadd,*i^^J0hd; (temptation, test
of virtne), \ye\ ifhwd ; (judicial exa-
mination), fjJiseriahltlk(;pl. C^U^iar
tahklkat). [tpdya.
Triangle, «. ^\^J^^ LjSt^ mu$Mu aaa-
Triangnlar,b l^j ijij ^ laho $ala$at taw&yd
Tribe, «. ^y kaum^ ^lAjlt idytfah; (or
family), dLJ iUH^A (pl- Jd V^ kaUyO),
iM*£> ^athlrat (pi. ^lu«£ ^MAdytr).
And "when he arriyed at the gate of the palace,
he saw the sons of his ancles, and his reiationa
and tribe, and young men, who were more
than a thotuand horsemen, covered with iron
and with coats «f mail pat one over another,
and having in their hands spears and bright
swords, (^\;j^\ <--?V lJ^ J-*^ ^^
1^1^^ djUiij ijjfJLe.^ MJ^^3 ^^^*^ <^^^^
Tribalation, (-^HaJf itiirdh, ^ yham,
S\ alam. See Trouble, Vexation; Dis-
tress, Persecution. \dlwdn.
Tribunal, s. ^J^Ls:^ mahkamah^ i^^^
Tributary, ^^j^\ wilj ddfi^ ajjjimyah.
SeeSubject. — A tributary of the Sultan,
j;i timml. [See Tax.
Tribute, ^f^^y^- kkardj, ^ >- jatiyah.
I^
;>
Trice (in a), ^2^ £&^ 4/1 Ubfl< ^ti9>
Trick, S. aLp- iXM, 4^^ M;t
See Artifice^ Frand, DeoeptMB, Jq^
— (habit),ijU^diai. AndLadylkri
opened it and read it, and andentood hs »
tenia, and said to the o^ vanan. Ihk iifti
of yoor tricks, L«J«3 ij>jtJ\ U'.v..
Trick, V. A^ J^ ^«8m/ ili
^lAthtdl^M. SeeDeceiTe,Def[^
oZso To dress. Adorn, Decorate.
Tricker, t . _ssic]L«flui2a^t2;Y SeeCk:
Trickish, jLL« makkdr, \J^'
Tricked (cheated), flc c^^L* a»J.:
^<i2ayAi^ JL9/^ ffM^ArMT. Tricked :t
(adomed),^J^ mioayytfv.SeeDRS^
Trickle, V. LI; nalio^. See Drop.
Trick-track (a game at draughts], ^*^\
c, ^n\\\ tdwlat dl la^.
Tried (brought to the test), f^jS* ^'
jarrdb. See Test.
Triennial (every three years), 12^ .•
^^ajLmi ib/ saldsat tajtlis.
Trier, «. <---j]i^ mujarrH, j^^wm»«'
tahin; (one who examines jodicuir;
^l>> hakim, ^^\j k&dL See J^i^
o^ Test.
Trifle, «. ^5 Idthsy^Jjjl ^
Trifles, c:3|^i*-^ moMardL
Trifling (wanting worth, nnimport:'
jLwxl ^ t« mdlaho i^tibdr, ^^^if^
mufUmm. See Trivial. — (foolish,*^
out meaning). Jin lb hOd ^mH S»
SiUy. [Mi /i^i^
Triflingly, jLxel )b 6tZa i^Mdr, ^«*
Triform, JfLlSI (JJlI^ MtMiOit Wik-
Trigon. See Triangle. \J^^
TrUateral, u^^^l cUl^ mwia «
TBI
(1047)
TEO
ill, «. (shake in marie), *j^ taramnm,
«L«ju naghmah.
■im, uJj^ Mfi/, \^i,U\ laH/. See
Neat, Nice, Tight
•im or trim up, v, ^^Jj %afyant Joj
nauam. See Dress, Decorate, Adjust,
im (dress), ^JLCm^ kaahkoih, Jmb*^
ffo/aib. See Ornament,
immed (dressed), ^j-« muxayyan.
-imming (ornamental appendages on
garments), ^JiSjiS koihkash, ^U&U.
hdshiyah,
-ine, 8. (triangular aspect of stars),
i-t ^M"} ta$U8. [akdoi.
rinity, «. ^jMjjJt Cjjllill iw«d/iU a/
rip, 9. (stamble), (J^^J^ tasahlak. See
Slip, Slide.— (to fail, err), UuL J^
rip, «. (stumble), ^ioLaaakta, ^J tdlka.
See Slip. — (a mistake), ^ foAu, Ua^
khatd. See Error, Blunder, [a/rd/.
-ipartite, uJf^Jl ciJi>^ m«MJ%w al
*]pe, ^;J[j\«A^ moidrin. See Intestines,
Gruts. — The rough tripe of beasts which
chew the cud, ^^ kirth (pi. {J^^^J
hurush).
ipedal, a\jj\ ijij i\ lahoioldsatakddtn.
iple, i^St^ tnusallas, uJliwl ijH
mldsat ad^&f. To triple, v»iJj mUm.
iplet, «. «>^ Ja^ mtuallas.
iplicate, tripled, cLJi^ miMoAM.
iplioation, C^Iaj toiAi.
ipod, Uami «lid.
ite (not new, common), aJJj kadim,
i^fuub^ tiuuhhUr, /*U ^dm. See Stale,
Old, Vulgar, Trivial.
iteness, i^ $huhrat.
ivet (for supporting a pot), L^ «fto.
See Tripod.
Trivial, j\^\ ^U m&laho i^t%bar,j^
haklr. See Trifling, Worthless.
Trivially, jL:iA\ h hUd i^tOdr,, ^y>
j^^J>' hiwafMn haklr.
Trivialness, jLx^t A«Xfi ^adam i^tibdr,
ifiU»- hakOrat.
Triumph, jLd&}i «»^t«fSr, jil? %afari Ijoi
na$arai. See Victory, Conquest.*-
(joy for success), ^If^l ibtihaj. See
EzultatioUi Eejoicing.
Triumph, r. _)xyid&3l ifUasar ^M^Jiio
Eofarp L^^\.r yhalah. See Conquer. —
(to rejoice), -y J^ ^nudfarah. See
Exult, Shout.
Triumphal, i^^T;*^ nasri.
Triumphant, triumphing, jf^«d*.^ mansHr.
See Victorious.
Triumphantly, j\s^\jj^ hi murin wa
iftikhdr. ^ [phant.
Triumpher, i.jy^ii^ tnaruHr, See Trium-
Troop, J. ^U>* jamd^, JLi^ Jkkat,
^y fawj.
Troops (army ),^^Lu£ ^askar, ^JL^jayth.
SeeSoIdier, Army . — To assemble troops,
yCyyX ^^ J^^'^t f^^^' ^^ ^^9
Beview, Enlist. — In troops, l>-fy^
\>'\y\ afic&jan afwdjan. [man.
Trooper, s, JCf^ khayydl. See Horse-
Trope, «. (figure of speech), f^jls^ ^Uf
^tddro^ mqfdtiyah, iA:^ kindyat.
Trophy, t. A^y^J- ghanlmat.
Trophied, Jli ghdnim.
Tropic of Cancer, ^jJi\ ^j ij)\j dd-
yirat rd$ auartdn. ^It^l L». i^/<
assartdn. The tropic of Capricorn, ijAj
4^JuJ\ j^l^ ddyirai rds aljadl, &sL
(^Jus)l khatt aljadl.
Trot, r. Jjj^b harwai. A trot, trotting,
^j^^ hartpaUU.
TBO
(1048)
TETI
Troth. See Truth, Fidelity.
Trouble^ v. ^^ ^awhur^ jd^ ladiar,
alkh&tir. See Distress, Yez, Torment,
Plagae, Affliet, Oriere, Perplex, Tease,
Importune. — To trouble one's-self or
be anxious about anything, ^l>-jJ^
kaddar halaho. When the King heard tiieee
words, his heart was troubled, and he feared
for his kingdom, and called ont to the lords of
hiB empire and his ministers, chamberlains
and lieutenants, CJ^ J \LS^ ^^j^,^ Ulj
iz^L^ Js. v^U.j yjty ^J3\ ^Sill
Trouble, ^*^^ toidi^, Jt alam, *i
gham, i\h saldah, <U^ zahmat, ^j\
aayah. See Disturbance, Perplexity, Vexation,
Grief, Injurr, Molestation. — And the fox said
to the wolf. Enter the yinejard ; for thou art
spared the trouble of climbing the wall of the
garden, or breaking it down, and it belongs
to God to complete the benefit! Jli-i
w
jJLi pil\ J\ Jd.jl L-JjJl L^Juel
laSW AjJbj ^ jlw'.U
l:;.
>«*
i^
^\m*>^ ^\ aUJ i^\ ^J^j ^liAuJl . And
she ceased not to sit with her and console her
and to comfort her heart, until she was con-
tent, and her bosom became dilated and she
laughed ; and her trouble and the contraction of
her bosom on account of her separation fh)m
her family and home ceased, JjJ m1^
Jbj
t^j
Troubled, UjjJa^o^ muttarib. To be
troubled (vexed), j^ taJIcaddar, Ju\
angham\ (to be oppressed), ^«^\ indar,
Troubler, s.jtiL^ mukaddar. See Dis-
turber.
Troublesome, J J^ mtf^oi^ir. SeeYexa*
tious. Uneasy, Painful, Importunate.
Tronblesomely, ji^^ ^ Jufi? J^ W
tatdi^ foa takdir. [Troal^
Troublesomeness, ^J^ <a«2{^. See
Trousers, ^^io:>>^ pmUaUt^
Trowel, «. (for spreading plaster, i^
on walls), sAm^ maslafah. To plstf
with a trowel, ^^^ la^at, SeeEists
Truce, t. iGjJb hudnai^ ^jlf« wsii-
danah. See Peace, Cessation.
Truck, IT. (traffic by exchange), 4] jL< ^,'
^nud mubddaUih. See Barter, Ii-
change. Traffic.
True, j; Jlitf 9adihi ^jJb yoMn, ^y> h^
^^igto. hakiMf (JAS^ muhakM, ^
iohxh. See Eight, Beol, Just, Era
Honest, Faithful, Gbnuine, GerUin-
True intelligence, if^^^ jr^ i^
iohih. True-bom {tdao tme-bred), J.:
<Ml/, Jm0SI^»- hurr al dsl.
Truffle, «• ifU^ kamdt See Mu^itocs
Trull, t. iJl^\i JaUghah. See Bartr
Whore.
Truly, ii^\ d fl ^ Aoilib^,'!^
hakkan, (jM^\ ,Jlc ^alm* Mtid^
hak, L^ yaJHuon. See Beally, Ccr
tainly, Exactly, Indeed.
Trump up, v. jJu»-j^ jJ ^J^ ^€msti»
Hrwahllah. See Beyise, Feign, Fcf]^
Trump, trumpet, t.jJtJ na/tr, jy h^
(pi. ji\j)\abwdk). Drums and tnnB|i^
jJu^ (Jj? tM wa nqfir.
Trumpet, trumpeter, «. ^j\y hmwK<aL
Truncate, 1;. wlai kaU^.
Mutilate, Lop, Cut
Truncated, c^kL* makiu^
Truncheon, «. c,i ^j«fli kadih
Trunk, «. (of a tree), ^U^
^^1^ karami),js^\ jL
TEXT
( 1049 )
TUM
See Stump.— The tronk of an animal,
^Jj hadan. An elephant's trunk,
(^^Z^- J^hartUm, fJJi\ (^^j^ khartUm
al flL See Proboscis. — A trunk for
clothes, etc., J^<Xm0 iandnt, ij^^:^
utndukah, — ^And if thou again make iiM]of such
words, thoa wilt be pimished on my part with
the utmost aeyerity. By him who created man-
kind of congealed blood, and gare light to
the Bon and the moon ! if thou repeat the
proposal thou bait made, I will avnredly hang
thee on the trunk of a tree,ij:^<«ff£»*j ^^
*^1^ fjuAJ^\ Ljjlit ^^j ♦^•Lc ^
rust (confidence), ^^^ jU&^f t^imdd
^ala\ JlCjt Mikal, jfy tawiMul.
Trust in God, d^\ ^ J?y tawaJthd
^ala* aUah. See Faith. — (charge),
^1^ hawdlah; (a deposit), Ij\^\
amdnat; (credit in money matters),
^J Urd, ^ J dayn.
'ust, r. (place confidence in), Ac Jc^AcI
i^tamad ^alc^. See Believe, Credit,
Rely, Expect.— (to sell npon credit),
^jJli elj ha^ hiddayn ; (deposit),
G Ltf wJi^ wadu^ amdnah.
ustee, 9. ^j^\ amln, J^^ wakll.
aster, «. J^asji^ mu^mad. See Be*
iever.
ostiness, ijL^S amdnat, ^t:^ anumiffoi,
LvLajluI iHHtdnkU, See Honesty,
fidelity. [nah. See Faithless.
listless, dj\^\ ^JOfU md^indaho amd-
QBty, dj\^\ ^,,>>l^ «dAt6 oiruiiuiA,
»:*ir.*M^ mtif^Im. See True, Honest,
faithful.
ith, JJU0 «i<7i(, J>- AoU,
hdkllatf <OUil amAno/. See Honesty,
Fidelity, Constancy, Virtue, Exactness.
— ^The undisguised truth, f^j^^ ^^^
alhak asiorih. Truth is bitter, JhS^l
j^ alhak murr. In truth, J^srrb hil-
hak, iAM^\ dflal hakikat, ^\^\ J
fil wdki^f ^*A> haklkatan, JJuJu
hmidk. See Truly, Verily.— Against
the truth of the matter, ^jma3 ^ tH^.:^
^)l* khildfnafs al amr.
Try, «. (make an experiment, attempt,
endeavour), ^J^^\ mtahan, ^^u»
u^l, yjkp-^ SJ^ J.f ^amaljaddaho wa
jahdaho ; (examine, search into, inves-
tigate), fjos^ fahas. See Examine,
Investigate, Bring to the test. Essay,
Purify, Befine. — To try (lawsuits,
criminals, etc.), ^^^ ^jA Jf ^amal
shari^ah ^Itf.
Tube, t. u^yj\ anbiil (pi. v.^«^l3^ and-
ii&), Vi^^ lawM, See Pipe, Siphon.
Tuck, t. cQj..) <^. See Sword.
Tuesday, U)bI1 i%jj yoirm assaldidh.
Tuition, LjjJ tarhiyat, aJju to^/tm,
(^^jIj Mift3, <LliiLs^ ifiM^/asaA.
See Education, Ouardianship.
Tulip, «. ^^Ijfi;. khitdma.
Tumble, v. (fall down), ]aLa takat,
J5[^jJ tadarkai. To tumble or roll
ahout, ^j^Jj tadahraj.
Tumble, «. t^ mciba^, ^^idJ tadahruf,
{J$jS» iadarhd.
Tumefaction, a;^ traram. See Tumor.
— To tumeiy. See Swell.
Tumid (swelling, swollen), ^^Uji^ war-
tndn, ^y^i^manfakh. See Protuberant,
Inflated.
Tumor, «. aj^ taaram.
Tumult, «. icj //no/, ^/--^ «ij;«f .
TUB
( 1050 )
TUB
Tumultuary, tumultuous, ^j^y murtqf,
JUnat.
Tumultuously, tumultaarily, -^.I-aT^Ij
^^j hi irtijdjin wafitnah.
TumultuouBueBSy tumultaariness, ^izi
JUnah, Bee Tumult.
Tun, 9. a;S^ tanUldtq, Jh tun.
Tane, s. ^Uju naghma (pi. CI^Uju nagh-
mat), aIL« makdmt ^}y^\ U9Ql. See
Harmony, Melody ; also Temper, Dis-
position, Humour. [naghgham.
Tune, V. ijJu Jn^ ^mal naghma, Ju
TunefuUy, ^UJLJ\ Jy^^ S-^r* ^5^
^a/i»' mujib fual annaghma.
Tunic, 9, Li jloid, jLjJ ibtn^di.
Tunicle, luLi ghMd, See Covering.
Tunnel, <. w«j ium^. See Pipe. — (a
passage for smoke), ^Lxs>« Jb« mudkhana.
Tunny, «. (fish), ^ ton.
Turban, «. ^Uf ^mdma^.
Turbid, j*yiz^ mutakaddiff ^y^si^ muhh'
hut. See Muddy, Thick. [ness.
Turbidness, l9LacrWwi&MS^. SeeMuddi-
Turbulence, c-^1 ixi^l ittirdhf l:cj JUnat.
See Tumultuousness, Sedition.
Turbulent, ^:i:;i!l ^^^^^'^^^ muk%h dlfitnat.
See Tumttltuou8,Bi8obedient, Seditious.
Turbulently, L^SJeuc^^ hzi JCj hiholJU-
natin wa ittirdh. See Seditiously.
Turgid, ^t^^ warmdn. See Tumid,
Swelling.
Turk, 9. CSy twh (pi. Cily 1 a<ra*),
(jUlc ^9mdnl. The Emperor of the
Turks, ^Ul£ ^^ ^^llaL. iStt/<a» hanl
Turkish, j-^ turhl. Turkish writings,
sayings, or things, ciL^L^ turhydt.
A Turkish slipper, <^^L ia^fi/.
Turkey, «. (large domestic fswl), dC:
Turkey (country of the Tuiks), ij.i
ijUl«S\ addawUft al cosmdniffai.
Turmoil. See Trouble, Distnrbanfie.
Turn, «. (put into a drcular motks
jy J dawwar, j\o ddr ; (to put the if
sidedownward),!^ l?fcife^; (tocbsr^
alter), J^ ghayyar. Bee ConTOl-
(to be changed), J*Xy1 wMs/; s
translate), ^^Jf taiyam; (to tn&
form), ^***^ imMtfM ; (to Ijecome), ••
9dr. To turn (go or irf-alk round), ;'-
ifdr. To turn away, turn off JcL-
miss), ^Ic ^astalf jJ^i^ da9hskar,
turn the eyes (towards anythiog), ^ -
llaj ddr tiataraho. To turn (is i
lathe), i?^ i^ro^. And wba^
had rubbed the hand of the honemaiu it i^*
like the blinding lightning, and faced t dffe*'
direction from that in which they vst- "■'
party therefore turned thither, U-'
Turn, turning, «. (the act of tone:
circular motion), i^i^oer tsheil-
dawr, ^Uj J dawardn ; (a walk), ^
mashl ; (walk to and fro), ^yj ^7
ntj, (^\;i^ 9ayrdn ; (a change, liss
tude), LJi3j\ ffiittot, Jj^ fc*-^
(occasion, convenience), ^yf^
See Opportunity. — ( maimer,casM*^
Sj^ 9ilrah, J^ «***/; (dispos-'^
of mind), c-^^*L^ fmuAro^, ^J/*"^
•^ toJj.. See Temper.— A ^
(time, periods), jj J dawr. Bytc^'
,jjil *i7 iaa?r. Turns (rideiasi-
of fortune, etc.), cUJUlUit Wi^
uJi\ya 9awdrif. And when tky^
TWA
( 1051 )
TWI
attained to manhood, and were botb endowed
with every accomplishment, their father, when-
eyer he made a journey, seated them bT tnms
in the hall of judgment, and each of them
judged the people fbr one day at a time,
'luned (changed), t^.tav^ munhilib,
^Jux^ mutahaddU, uJjyid^ masrHf.
Turned back (repalsed), «^<^ inar-
dud, ^yJ^ mad/H^i (bent back),
^^«/* mu^awwaf. See Bent. — (trans-
lated), ^jr^ mutarjamf J^a:^ man"
kul. Turned away, Jj^J^^^ ma^'&l.
Turned in a lathe, ^^^ fnakhrnt
umer, «. tljf^ kharrdt. The art of
turning, ^LfL khardta.
umip, i, o»i! Ufi.
umsol (plant), ji^l akr&r, fjM>AJjJi\j\^J
dawwdr ashahanu,
urpentine, ^j^zj^^Jb tarmttUln.
'urpitude,jlc ^dr, y^^jp ^Offh, ^L^-LS
kahdhah. See BasenesSi Depravity,
VileneBs, Deformity,
arquoise 9r turkoise, «. (a gem), <)ji^
fayru%aK ^ jjjj^ fi^Vr^^-
or tie Of turtle-dove, «. ^U^^ ^mS-
fTuiA, ^Uj y^mdmaA. A searturtle wr
tortoise, iJL^^ nUhtfah,
atelage, mAju ta^Um. i,^^j\j tddlh.
See Tuition, Guardianship.
taakilf Jjl^ mu^aUtm, See Guardian,
atty, Ujy ^fi^id. A coUyrium of tutty
for anointing the eyes, J^ kuhl.
wang, «. (sharp quick sound), AjJavk
tantanah, ^jJ^ UMn. See Tone. —
To twang, iij Jf ^amal ranna.
Tweak, v, ^ja£, ^aw. See Finch, Squeeze.
Tweedle, v. (touch lightly), ^Jk£ J dagh-
dagh. See Tickle.
Tweezers, l^UL* malkdt. To pull hairs
from the face, etc., with tweezers,
yS Mat
Twelfth, i.jJ^ JlJ tdta ^ashar.
T waive, jA^LjI (und ^ashar.
Twelvemonth, s. l:^ sanah. See Year.
Twentieth, #. ^^j**^ ^hrUn, ^jlf^
Twenty, ^*jif**s. ^hurln, [^wArln.
Twice, ^j^f tnarratln. Once or twice,
yji^j^^ {/« marrffA atr marratln. To
do anything twice, ,«*J' ^^Jf ^'
fw fi^ athshag, ^j^y 15^' J-*^ t?"
iNtf/ ashshay marratln. See Kepeat.
Twig, i. jy: ^tr*, Jj,^ ^iirii^, ^j>a£,
ghntn.
Twilight, «. (of the morning), /li^
f^tfib, jS? fajir. . See Dawn. — The
evening twilight, L^^Ji^ ^JaJ^ 9hafuk
al ghurnh. See Crepuscle.
Twin, twins, «. /^p tawm. See Gemini.
Twine, k^ khagt See Thread.
Twined, aj^^^ tnahrUm. See Twisted.
Twinkle, twinkling, «. (sparkling of a
star), ^4] &i9»^. The twinkling of
the eye, ^j^MsJb tar/at al ^ayn,
isi^ lamhai, l!iaJ laJuat See Wink,
Glance. — In a twinkling, ^^^ iLlxcr^ bi
lahxat ^agn, ^^^ {/*^ highamtat ^ayn.
Twinkle, v. (as a star), w*l lama^ See
Sparkle. — To twinkle as the eye,y4x
ghamat. Know, 0 illustrioUB orince, that
this damsel is a hody skilfully emoalmed, and
her eyes have been taken out after death, and
quicksiWer has been put beneath them, after
which they haye been restored to their places ;
so the^ gleam ; and whenever the air putteth
them m motion, the beholder imsgines that
she twinkles her eyes, though she is dead.
TTE
( 1052 )
XJ
\jjui:)^ J-jj J«5-^ Vr* *^ ^ -
^^i'Ui^y.J l^ ^^UJd U|i W^
Twiet, V. Mj( haram, Jsi /«<<»/.
Twist, twisting, «. j^ &ir»i. A twist
or string, kȣ^ kkofft. See Thread,
Twine, Cord, Rope.— Twisting two
threads together, |*^ baram. Twisting
oneself, ^^JiJ idawwa\
Twisted, A^j^y iwoJrflw, J^^i* mo/JJu/.
Twister, •. J lli/a^W/. See Eope-maker.
Twitch, V. ijL£ J dagMagh. See Tickle.
Twitch, «. ^ijLcJ iaghdaghah.
Twitter, v. (make a sound like a swallow),
Twitter, «. (tremulous sound), iio^^
vfatwatah ; (mental emotion), uj\jb^\
ittirdh.
'Twixt, ^j^i layn. See Betwixt.
Two, ^liJl a<»dn, ^^1 atnln. The two
hands, ^^ JJ yadan, ^^iJj yadin. One of
the two, Ujb 4X^1 aAoi Auma. [Edge.
Two-edged, ^«X^ ^ ^^0 haddln. See
Twofold, uJfUi^ mtM^d^a/. SeeDouhle.
Tymhal, 9. J-t ^W. See Tabor.
Tympany, «. lJuL UamImsI w^m^ tahU.
Type, «. Xi..^^ if;^ tHrat Oiligat, il J^U
i&d^t(2a^. See Emblem, Mark, Stamp.
Tyrannical, tyrannic, tyrannous, Jit
%dlm, jj\p^ jayir. See Cruel, Im-
Eerious, Oppressive. — ^Tjraimiie not, if thou
ast the power to do so ; for the tyrannical is
in daneer of revenges. Thy eye will sleep
while the oppressed, wakefnl, will call down
001860 on thee; and 6od*s eye sleepeth not,
4^
J '
Tyrannically, Jk J6 Mb? wlw, Uii
SNirmm. They made nse of their porwer, ad
used it tyrannically; and aoon it became*
though it never had existed, \^i^
J^ jJi ^3 f^-^J V^'j
Tyrannicide, A^\ JiJ Ml aaaJm,
Tyrannize, r. Jio lalam. Sec Oppreas.
Tyranny, Jfe ««&», j^J^v^9j^J^
And he loves jnstioe and ecnuty, and hite
tyranny and oppression, and his son is in thj
aij. HeistheTital8piritofhisheart,aBd^
fruit and delight of his liver, l^
Tyrant, «. jCc^- jahhdr, ^\b sa/«». I^
is advisable to behave with disamnUticjac;;
conaidenition towazda this tyrant, and ^t^
inevitably be overthrown, ^\ji\ .j^
Enow that the &&er of thia ymzn; bdj b>
powefnl king, an impetnons horsenus, p*
traverseth the seas of the Boiromiding nM
by night and day, dreading not death, nor Rc-
ing &e terrors of decease, for he is a 6e^
tyrant, and an oppressive oon^neror; be is «^-
of numerons armies, reg^iona, lalands, citks b-
habitations, l^^\ CL^ W J ^'
yb^ ♦^ ^I3j (•jU^ j5W ^J ^r
Tyro, «. i-Jj <«^l«. See Scholar.
U.
XJ has three sounds, as in * usage,' ?«'•
'but.' The sound given to « in *nsaf2
is clearly that of a diphthong. I^
Arabic orthography it maybe pi^«^
(if short) by ^ with the warit ^
HUB
(1058)
UNA
damma ( ) over it; if long, by the
same syllable followed by a quiescent
^ ; as in the words ujl.*^ t/ii9^ff ,jv3^
yUndHy etc. The sound of ii, as in
' pall/ is expressed, or is supplied by
the vowel point ^Um0 damma ( ), ex-
pressed or understood, as c-^ iur^^,
' to be beaten/ The short u in but '
is, in the same manner, expressed by
the vowel point ^i^li fatha ( ), as in
4.^,^ darah, to beat.' But as the
Yowel points are omitted in most manu-
scripts, practice must be the chief guide,
biquity, ^;l^ J^ iSjy^\ alhudUr/l
kol makdn.
gliness, ZcluJ hashd^i. See Turpti-
tude, Loathsomeness,
gly, jVr ; ^iH ,^t^ iabih al mannar.
Thereupon she said, Sleep on thy night, and
mayest thon never wake again! I ahhor
thee and thy ugly face; my soul is weary
of thy company, I do not know when he will
take thy soul away, so that I may get rid of
thee, ^ J^ uicJul ^ crJli jb \j\j
*im {^J^JmX. ^ if*^ uuJl^^ ^iuujJlII
Leer, ulceration, «. ^Ji karh (pi. ^^Ji
J^ruh), aLj J dunhilah. See Sore.
Lcerous, ulcered, ^j|/^ makr&h.
Ltimate, ^ 1 dkhir. See Last.
Itimately, \j^\ dkhiran. See Finally,
Xjastly.
^tramarine,^2Ci!\^^ tS fl ^ahr al hahr.
zibrage, Jlo/t mtatl. See Shady place ;
e^Iso Shadow. — (resentment), Cy^^n'r
^hadab,
nbrageous, JJJ^ futlll. See Shady.
nbrella, «. <U*<^^ «^m«tyaA.
nbrosity (shadiness), Jv st7/.
Umpire, «. k.^ foa^f^. See Mediator,
Arbitrator.
Un. This negative and privative particle
is generally expressed by ^U mdlaho,
jtx. ghayr, lb hUd, a<Xc ^adam, /»J J^
^adlm, as: —
Unable, ily d!l« mdlaho kUwat. See Im-
potent, Weak. — But if I he nnahle to perform
thy want, Qod imposes not upon a person
aught save that which he is ahle to accomplish,
l>- •Lflj ^ U^r^ ^
UusA 'i\ wa3 ^1 cJlio )U . He then
desired to arise and go with her, and to show
her the place ; hut ne was unable to walk :
wherefore she carried him in her bosom, and
opened to him the door of the staircase,
and conyeyed him to the top of the palace.
^^L)aJl:
<u
iJ'l:r_,
J J
Unabolished, Jl\a^ j^ ghayr muhatial.
Unacceptable, J^fA^ ft^c yhayr makbul.
See Disagreeable.
Unaccomplished, ^l^^^ ^Aayr i(dmi7.
See Incomplete.
Unaccountable, ^j^\ ^'^a^^ mumtani^
ashsharh, ^UfS^ J;*^W^ mustahll al
haydn. See Inexplicable, Odd, Strange*
Unaccustomed (not habituated), Jj«^ -^
y^yr mu^wwad, ^^jlcxl -»i yAtfyr
i^tiyddi. See Uncommon.
Unacknowledged, ^,jj^jt^ ghayr mu-
harrar hihi.
Unacquainted (not having familiar know-
ledge or intercourse), w* i^Jjc^j^
ghayr muta^ri/ma^; (not informed),
^Jlc ^ia^ j^ ghayr mutalla^ ^^^o'l
,«£L ^U^t« mdmaoho hhahar.
Unadored, dy^x^j^ ghayr ma^nd.
Unadorned, ^J^^ yAayr mutayyan.
XWB
( 1054 )
TJIfC
TTnadvised, Jili gUja^j^J^ hhtUttai-
hlr. See Imprudent, ThoaghtlesSyltash.
TTnaffeoted (real,nothypocritioal), ,«*-*>-
haiikl. See Open, Sincere, Candid.
TJnanimoos, ^jia^ muttafii.
Unanimously, jIaj1I\ ^y htwafh al iUi-
f&h,'^\i\Ai\ ittifiikan,
TTnanimity, jUj\ ittifak. See Concord.
Unanswerable, ^ ^^^ ^ Idjawdh lah.
Unappeasable, ft^ji^ ^^ yarham. See
Implacable, Obdurate.
Unarmed, ^****^ -i-c ghayr ma%aUah.
Unasked, c^^ik^^ ghayr matluh.
Unassisted, jxL*^ j^ ghayr mtud^.
See Unaided.
Unattainable, J-asL J ftl ytUahassal.
Unavailing, » Jjli <0 U mA hthifdyidah.
See Useless. [wad,
Unautborised, ^yty$j^ ghayr mufaw-
Unawares (without thought), Jilc ghdfil.
See Inconsiderate, Thoughtless. — (un-
expectedly), jJii ^Jlc ^M gha/lah.
See Suddenly.
Unbecoming, unbefitting, (ji^y* ^
See Indecent.
Unbegotten, J^y4j^ ghayr mawlud.
Unbelief. See Infidelity, Incredulity. —
To unbelieve. See Disbelieve. — An
unbeliever, J If kdjir. See Infidel. —
The blear-eyed escapes a pit into which the
clear-sighted falls ; and the ignorant is saved
by an expression which causes the ruin of the
■hrewd sa^. The faithful finds difficulty in
gaining his daily hread, while the unheliever
and the impious naye plenty ! What art or act
can a mortal contrive P Such are the decrees
of the Almighty, ^ ^jua!^\ Juuuj jJ
'.^/^l
^y^
j,M\ »j33 ^^ii\ ^^
Unbeseeming. See Unbecoming.
Unbidden. See Unasked, Uninvited;
Spontaneous. [vaacu.
Unbigoted, ^y^f^ j^ ^^^V »«^^-
Unbind, v. J>- hdH. Sec Looee.
Unblameable, J>- a-Li U mo ^afayi*
halt. See Innocent.
Unblemished, t-^^ db U wd JOi ^ji^
Unblest. See Accursed, Unhappy.
Unbodied. See Incorporeal, Immaterial
Unborn, ^^yj^l ghayr mawlnd.
Unborrowed, j\ms,jm^j^ ghayr musta-M.
Unbound, J^L*^ tnaMuL See Loose-
Unbound (as a book), oXsr*^^ giof
mujaUad. ^See Infinite.
Unbounded, J^ Jls^ ^ ghayr mahiid.
Unboundedly, ^^ ^ hOd nthdyat.
Unbrace, r. J^ haU. See Loose, BcUi-
JJnhred, L^*i\ij hild adab. Seelll-brec
Unbribed, tj^ji^j^^ ghayr muharUd,
JJn\>Tidledf\sy0*d^j^ ghayr madhuL St€
Unrestrained, Licentious.
Unbroke, unbroken, ^^u^ ^^ gkayi
mankad. See Inviolate.
Unbuilt, ^^^^j0S. ghayr rnahnl.
Unburied, ^y Jl«^ ghayr mad/un.
Unbumt, j^jS^j^ ghayr mahrnL
Unburthen, v, J-^se^ Jjj nmxalal haml
Unbutton, v. j^jijll^ J>- hallalasrar.
Uncalled (not invited), ^^ycfj^ gkagr
ma^am. Not ealled for (not de-
manded), L^^^j^ ghayr matM^
Uncertain (not known), a^^ju^j^ gktf
ma^Umy ^Jas^ j^ ^hayr wwhaUd.
See Donbtfid.— -(unsettled, iircgnltf;.
^ ghayr mu^ayyam, ks^U -i
TJNC
( 1055 )
FNC
ghayr 9dbit; (hesitating, perplexed),
^l>- hdyir.
rncertamt7( want of information), CXl
shak, i^\jj\ iriiydhy ^L^^^ ihuhhah.
Uncertainty of mind, ij;^ hayrat.
'ocbain, v.j)^jp\ i^Sis fak aljan&r.
'nchaDgeable, unchanged (notalterable),
jJu \i hild taghayyur. [mutaghayyir.
Unchanged (not altered), jJc^ j^ ghayr
rneharitable (giving no alms), i^.i\c
^JliJI ^adlm (Miodakah, See Hard-
hearted.— (not benevolent), ^t}j radx.
See Malevolent. \jhafakah.
Fncharitableness, ^LSiMJf A^i\s.^adam(uh-
rncbaritably, iAsJii )b hUa shafakah,
rncbaste, cOjif j^ ghayr ^a/lf. See
Incontinent, Lascivious.
Fnchastity, i^^ shahwat See Incon-
tinence, Lasciviousness, Lust.
Tncbeerfulness, ^LuJS\ aJu: ^am al
inhisdt. See Melancholy. \iiln.
Facircumcised, ^jisr^j^ ghayr makh-
rncircumspect, ij^^oL) <0 L« ma laho last'
rat, JiU ghafil. See Imprudent, IFn-
cautious. [polite.
Incivil, (.^*j\ h hila adah. See Un-
Incivilized, loJii ghalit, 15^^*^ ioahahl,
m
See Rude, Savage, Indecent,
fnclarified, icA^o^^^ ghayr mu8affa\
fncle, «. (father's brother), ^ ^am,
(pi. /«^Ac ^mum, ^Uxl a^&fn)\ (a
mother'sbrother), JU^ ;feAdZ(pl. Jl^l
akhwal) . And she addressed the Judge in these
terms, May God protect the Judge, maj he
never cease to be the reconciliator of dispu-
tants: I am, my Lord, of the noblest origin and
of the purest descent, my maternal and paternal
ancles are the most distinguished of the land,
^y4>£» ^^99^ ''^J^ J
Unclean, uncleanly,^lt^^ ^^yr ^aAir.
See Foul, Dirty, Polluted, Unchaste,
Sinful.
Undipped, ^Jbl^j^ ghayr makiu^
Unclose, r. ^i fatah. See Open.
Uncoined, CS^x^^j^ ghayr maskiik.
Uncollected, cjajb^j^ ghayr majmiJL^»
Uncoloured, ,^^j^ ghayr mtdawwan.
Uncomeliness, JL«^1 /*iXx ^adam al
jamdl.
Uncomfortable, fJyJ^j*e> ghayr makbnl,
fj3\yj^ ghayr muwdfik.
Uncommon, ^j\j nddir, fy^^^j*^^ nadir
al umku^. See Extraordinary, Bare,
Singular. — An uncommon thing, yi jU
nadirah (pi. jjly nawddir).
Uncompact, i^^j^j^ ghayr murakkah.
Uncompelled, ^ysLtj^ ghayr muUazim,
See Unforced. [ghayr mukhlilt.
Uncompounded (not mixed), tJisr* -^£
Uncompressed, j^^o^^ «ji ghayr mahsHr.
See Uncompact. [compreheDsible.
Unconceivable, Inconceivable. See In-
Unconcem, unconcemedness, unconcern-
ment (coldness, unfeelingncss), a^Xc
^j*»ji ^ ^adam al hast. See Indifference,
—(negligence), JUibi ihmdl
Unconcerned (cold, unfeeling), J,lj hdrid.
See Indifferent.
Unconcernedly (unfeelingly, coldly),
ijjji JCj hikol huradat.
Unconnected (not joined), t_ijU»^^
ghayr maM/; (not connected by so-
ciety, partnership, etc.), CJ/x.
ghayr mushtarak.
Unconscious (senseless), J^JI^ t.^3U
ghdih ^n fd wuj'Hd; (not knomng),
^ •*£;- i Id khahar lahu. And when
xjin)
( 1066 )
mm
he taw her, he became imoonscioiu of his exist-
ence* and the fire was kindled iu his TiUla, and
he retarned to his house, c^UU]^ Uii
TJncoYer, v. c-Q^jT Juuhaf.
Uncreated, Jjli^^ ghayr makhJuk.
TJncropped, cJiaJL^j^ ghayr mdktiL^.
Unction, ^***^ nuuhy ^^J dahn.
Unculpable, v.^JJiIL« m&laho %anb.
See Blameless.
Uncultivated (as a country), jyuL^j^
ghayr tna^mUr; ^]/>^ khardh, ^^
thdh; (not civilized or instructed),
^Xc^y^i ghagr mutamaddin. See
Rude. [hahil tuhahaja.
Uncurable, incurable, liuJl J^l5^yA«yr
Uncurrent, i^J^ jt^ ghayr jdrl,
UDCttt, ^^oi^ j^ ghagr maJcH^
Undamaged, j^^^io^y^ ghayr madrHr.
Undaunted, S*Us^ ^..^^-l^ tdhibjaraat.
See Brave, Bold, Intrepid, Courageous.
Undauntedly, i*\^ J^ hikoljaraat,
Undeceivable, ^ycj J Id yunghar. See
Sagacious.
Undeceived, j^yU^-x ghayr maghrHr,
Undecided, c jbL^j^ ghayr maktu^.
Undecisive, ^15^^ ghayr kdti^.
Undefaced (not ruined), l^^j.^ j^
ghayr makhrnh.
Undefeasible, indefeasible (not to be an-
nulled), J^J D Id ydbtdl.
Undefined, ^%jJL^j^ ghayr mashmh.
Undefinable, ^^^^\ (Jj\jj^ ghayr kd-
III atta^f.
Undeformed,^la:-*J\ ij^j^ ghayr karih
al mantarf SjyA\ ,^^j^ ghayr kdblh
assUrah. See Handicraft.
Undelighted, j^y*s^j^ ghayr masrHr.
VndemoMied^L^^jS^j^ghayrmiikhi
Undeniable, j^li^y-iyAflfrfwato. S«
Clear, Evident.
Undeniably. See Clearly.
Undeplored. See Unbewailed.
Undepraved, JyJu^j^ ghayr mafni.
Undeprived, mJ^SCj^ ghayr ^arfto.
Under (beneath), tr^-o^ iaht. Ib!:
under, LS.-oBr^^ win taht Fiw
under him, Iz^ ^^ «« ^^'
Under the castle, ^t«iiJ\ \z^ <«ii •
iWcflA. Under age, jJb^ ^k-
Idligh. Under (lower, inferior, suKr
dinate), Ji-^ «*/«/. Under the dai
of, ^j b litafikk.
Underdo, r. (do less than one ought-
can), j^aAi J-#x ^amai takiir.
Undergo, v, jlasT iahammalyjf^ f^^
See Suffer.
Underground, fjo^\ t^^s^ tahialri
Underhand, ^JtA:^^, hU makhfi. ^
Clandestine, Clandestinely.
Underline, v. (draw lines under wff--
taht al kaidm.
Undermine, r. ^ k^Jo naJuh h§^
Underneath, ijL^^^iaht.
Underplot, «. Jlst^j^Sj taibirm^:
Underprize, under-rate, €. See Tn^
value.
Understand, v. m,^ fehem, t!/ijl «**'*"
See Comprehend, Conceive, Percr."
Understanding (intellectual powers}, ^-^
cakl, f^fahm (pi. /^p\ of haw), C^ ;
fdrdk, ^J^\ f^\ al kuwaidmfi-
kat, Jlc ^ilm, iJai fitfuU. SceSc-
Intelligence, Knowledge.
TJND
( 1057 )
UNE
derstoody &y^ ma/hum, cJjjJ^
^tadr^k, uJj|yi^ ma^nf^ (*J^ '^t*
um, J^A«^ ma^hul. See Intelligible,
dertake, «. (assnme any bmdnessy set
.bout anything), _U ^ ^oieim ^M^
^^f /t, Ju35 huad. See Attempt, Try,
Venture, Hazard. — (to promise or en-
gage one's word for anything), JkCj
va^t fjKj takaffal, ^^jA^ iadamman,
s^ ta^had. To undertake a journey,
AaJI i^^ a^ ^asam ^aW auafar,
^^ tawajjah.
idertaken, undertook, <U^L^ mubd-
thar hihi, & ^j^^ maahrU^
idertaker, b.jJ^L^ muhdshir.
idertaking, s. ^jl^ m^, 2r^L^ mt^d-
iharahf ^Js, ^tasm; (work), aL«U/«
nu^malah.
idervalae,9.(tode8pise),^^Ai»-) ihtakar,
^\jb\ahan, ^c^aJs ^^^ nakhaslAmataho.
lee Despise, Contemn, Underprize,
denralue (to put at a low price),
Jo^^ fj^ ^J^ tamman toman wdtf.
iderwnte, r. v:;..^air y— ^"iS katah tahi.
m
idescribed, t^yay j^ ghayr maw9iif,
m
deserved, jp<u»^^;jx ghayr mwtahik,
^^^fuM^j^ ghayr mustawjtb.
deservedly, jlLs^l lb hila utihkdk.
deserving, JJill^ ghayr Idyik.
designed, undesigning (not intended),
)yaA^j^ ghayr maksUd,
designing (open, without firaud), JfoU
ddik. See Sincere,
desired, i^yZj^j^ ghayr marghuh,
desiring, s^^r\j j^ ghayr rdghib,
•ee Indifferent, Careless,
destroyed, i^^jss^j^ ghayrmakhrub.
ndestruotibley ^^f^J^ Id yukhrab.
Undeterminableyi jJbJ! ^:.:u^ mumtant^
aUdkdlr, Jjd^l JjU^ ghayr kdbil
attahiid,
irndeterminate,undet6rmined(unsettled),
f^:^\ij^ ghayr sdbit.
Undetermined (irresolute), ti^isjut j^
(^ ghayr mu^mid ^ala' ; (irresolu-
tion), f^\j ^Jlc jUcx^t /^JkC ^adam ai
i^timdd ^M rdy.
Undigested (as meat), j,>n(\^j^ ghayr
mtmhadm; (not arranged), f^^k^j^
ghayr man»Um.
Undiminished, JSS^j^ ghayr fniikallal.
Undirected (notordered), J^j^j^ ghayr
marahad; (not regulated), y^j^j^L
ghayr murattab,
Undisoemible, j^la:!,^ j*i ghayr mamHr.
See Invisible. [^ghayr. maMHr.
Undiscemibly, j^eii^j^^^yj binaw^in
Undisciplined,^-^ J^^^ ghayr muaddah.
Undiscoverable, i^JLJA Id yukahaf.
Undiscovered, f^ylS^j^ ghayr makahuf,
Undisjointed, m]n^\^j^ ghayr munkati^.
Undoubted, ijjj^ <UiU mdflhi shak. See
Unquestionable.
Undulate, v, »^y^ tamawwqf.
Undulation, 2^.^^ tamawwuj.
Uneasiness, i^\^\ ittirdb. See Trouble,
Perplexity, Pain, Vexation.
Uneasy, c^-^^Lo^ 0ttf/tori^. SeePainfol,
Vexed, Peevish. [Udthab.
Uneligible, ineligible, ^^^Aeuj 1 Id yun-
Unemployed, JxJ^ <dU mdlaho shagM.
Unengaged (free, not impropriated), U
^m\ rCxI L« A»>i md ahhadmdlik ^atayhi.
Unenjoyed (not possessed), 4X»-\ U
^ uJpd&^ md ahhad mutoMrrtf bihi,
j^ ghayr mukiana*.
^j-zJLtj^ ghayr mutkkml.
67
xnsv
(1058)
XJNG
UneoligbtenediUI^^^ ghayrmunawwar.
TJnenlarged, iju«fj)\ w«Xc ^odlmalufM^t.
Unenvied, i^y^ss^j^s, ghayr mahsHd.
Unequalledy^JaJ ^ U mdlaho na%ir,j^ S
a! ^ MMlr laho. See Unparalleled.
ITDeqaally, ^ f«^) ^9 y*; Mun^^tii 2^
ffoslr ^^. [Partial.
Unequitable, inequitable. See Unjust,
UnequiTocal, j^^^j^ ghagr mubham.
Unerring (committing no mistake), U
kli a:m« fj^\>^ md hdiS minhighalat;
(certain, infallible), ^jAs:^ muhaUak,
^^wij yaJHnl. [iaho wold ghalat.
Unerringly, Lli i^ ^^/rf^ ^ ^^f* ^^f*
Unessential (not important), f^i^jn^ ghayr
muAim, \^J^j>'ji^ ghayr jawhofi.
Uneven, ^^^y^U mdAii Mi^a'. See
Unequal.
Unexamined, ^^s?^j^ ghayr nut/hns.
Unexampled, J^ ^U mdlaho tnasil
Unexceptionable, _Im«:xmj) 2c2 yusta9na\
Unexemplified, JlSi^lb-jiyL^^y^yr
mofArflA htlanu&l,
Unexempt, unexempted, ^ uJU^^;^
ghayr mu^dfmin.
Unexpended, ]oyM^j^ ghayr mabs^L
Unexpected, ^^ji^j^ ghayr mutarrak-
hah. See Sudden.
Unexplored. See Unexamined, Unknown.
Unextended, )eyu^j^ ghayr mabtilLt*
Unextinguisbed, ^J^a:»^j^ ghayr mun"
tafi. See Unquencb'able.
UnfaithAil, ^^ khdyin. See Perfidious.
Unfamiliar. See Uncommon, UnusuaL
Unfasbionable, unfashionably, uJl>.
jI^jmII khildf dl mu^tdd, iSsi[A\ Ju?
did al kd^idah,
Unfatigued, t^yc^^ ghayr mahiSih.
UnikYourable, Ji^^^ ghayr muwdfik.
Unfed, t^^JU9j^ ghayr tns^luf.
Unfeeling, M^jii Id ymrham, SeeTt-
moved, Insensible, Inhuman. [Beal
Unfeigned, J«>li0 MddiL See Siseerp
Unfeignedly, sXAj^j^ ^^ min gkajr
murdydh,
Unfelt, (j^yu^^j^ ^hayr wtmhgiL
Unfermented, jAsJt^j^ ghayr ■att-
iamir.
Unfilled, ^Isjk^j^ ghayr mumtall.
Unfinished, J^IS^ ght^ hdmU. Sf-
Incomplete. [a^
Unfit, unfitting, i^'JI^'^^^j^ ghayr m*
Unfold, V. (open, spread out), LmJ kr.
See Expand. — (to tell, reveal), ^-^i-
hhahhar. See Dedaie,I>iacover JK^j.
Unforbidden, c^a^^j^ ghayr
Unforced (not compelled),
ghayr majhur. See Yolnntary.
Unforeseen, \JLajjfa:^j^ ghayr mmsir
salafan.
Unforgotten, j^it^j^ shayr wughfir-
Unforgiving, M:>^j^jjijui Id yi^hjnetls
yarham. See Belentleas, Implacablt'.
Unforsaken, Ci^^^^ ghayr wiairil
Unfortified, ^j^a^:^j^ ghayr amhsan
See Weak. l{j^y^ ■•«***•
Unfortunate, t^ytus^j^ ghayr moiiti
Unfirequent, infrequent, c y^\ji}\j naif
al uHika^. ImMki
Unfriendliness, ^lI«:^1 i*«xc todsi <■
. 'i *
Unfriendly, ila^\ ^Ac ^aA» si •••
habhaL See Unkind.
Unfrozen, J^^^x^j^ ghayr wm^saii
Ungathered, zy^s^j^ ghayr majmi
Ungenial, hu^\ ^j!ii>^ thOaf^M^^
i^jtJiS Ji'^^ ghayr mmtift ^
moihrah. [Bogg^
Ungentle, laJii y^rfFs. SeeHanbiBiBk'
TJNI
( 1059 )
jjm
^ntleneas, 4i\^l aJlc todam aaa-
l/at.
^ntlemanly, nngentlemanlike,
l^ j^y^j didd ruiUm at aJt&dir.
^cometricftl, dLiJC^t ii)t^^^ ^ ^^
iwdnin al handaaah.
^ly, j\00j^ ghaifr sdlih, ^l^ Mfir,
j;iL/« mundfik. See Impious,
godliness, v/^^ (•«X& ^adamattahwa\
\^\ Ai^fi ^adam atsaldhfjiS kufr.
rovernable, Sa«ji\ ^jj\3y^ ghaifr idhU
iddbL See Licentious, Unruly, Wild,
graceful, f^J^j^ ghayr latlf,
^cions, Jh>»Vj fd»%ky jil:^ munafik,
fk»^\jfdhi$h* See Wicked, Impious.
2prateful, lijil aJ «X£ ^adim al wafd^Ji^
«jtJ1 JUifiranni^mat. See Ingratitude,
j^rded, JiU ^Ad/!/. See Imprudent
landsome. See Ungraoeful; Disin-
Dnuons^ Illiberal.
lappy, JuJUiij^yAayr aa^d^ ^^^£CU«
nnhua, K^^*na '> ^Vt md laho na$ih,
DO TJn&rtunate, Distressed, If iserable,
JTretched, Calamitous.
lealtbful, lsf^\ ^ji\yj^ ghayr mu-
djik andhhat. See Unwholesome,
lealthy, A^Mujsrl s^Jum da^f oL jUm,
>e Sickly.
leard (not beard by tbe ear), j^
y4*M.^ ghayr matrnH^, Unheard of
tbscure, unknown),. ^^Aa« y*£ ghayr
a^dm; (unprecedented), w«4mJ1 UU
it md imama^.
lonoured, m^j^I. ghayr mukarram,
lurt, j^j0A^j^ ghayr madrHr.
inrtfultj^d^j^ ghayr mudirr,
form, ^j\a^ mukdrtn, Jl^ misl. See
iko, Equal, Similar,
formity, ^jU^ mukdranaL
Uniformly, ^^1 ^Lc ^aU assawiyat.
Unimaginable, jj^^ac^f ,.a^ ghayr muta-
sawwar.
Unimportant (of small importance), ^
Af« ghayr muhxmm\ (not assuming
pompous 9m\jM^ jtx- ghayr muto'
kdbhir.
Unimprovable, ,^^\ c^U^^ g^^ ^-
hH tUtoBlih,
Unimproved, as a country or estate, j^
jf^»^ ghayr ma^Ur, Unimproved' by
instruction, Jji^^^ ghayr mu^aUam.
Unindifferent, partial, ^Jf^ mughrtd.
Uninhabited, ^^Lm^^^c ghayr nuukun.
Uninscribed, L^fL^j^x, ghayr maktfkb.
Unintelligible, cJtj jSt ^J^^^<4>^ j^ ghayr
mumkin al idrdk. [tmkdn alfihm.
Unintelligibility, ^\ ^lC«f /» Jo: ^adam
Uninterested (having no interest or parti-
cipation), A«d>. ^ t« md laho hitsah,
Unintermitted, uninterrupted, c ^La/*^^
ghayr maktu^,
lJmon,j\s?Uuihdd,j[sd\ t«i/d*,^U:^\
ytimd^, J^^ tTMd/. See Unity, Junc-
tion.— ^And do thou take care not to quit tht
garden, for probablj, if she behold thj
handfiomeneflB and beauty, her heart will bo
captivated by thy love, since love is tha
most powerful means of effecting a union,
U^ • ■" ; H jj^'i *^' ^ U^j^^^
cUa>- HI Ci^L^il . GK)d guard a face
that is veiled with loTeliness I The foil moon
is its sUto, and the stars are its seirants. In
beauty X have never beheld her equal ; and
from her motions the branches might learn
how to wave. I beg, without imposing trouble
on you, thst vou will pay us a visit, to
which wo attach the gveatest value. I give
you ftiy soul, perhaps you will accept it ; for
to me union will be Faradise, and aversion
wiU be hell, JUJU 'L^^ i^^\ Uj
TJNI
(1060)
TJKL
♦^ A^" v/**^ ^5^A^ (^ «ju^y> jJm^
"» I»;i4:^ 4;>^judl|^ jIfiL J«0jjt ^« 0
how sweet are the nif hts of the Adfdment of
promue, when the beloyed ib just to me, and
when we are uninterraptedly united, and an
end is put to onr estrangement, and ibrtnne
Cometh with fiiToun to ns, after taming away
from ns in ayersion ! Prosperity hath set up
her standards for us, and we have drank from
her hand a cap of pleasure ; and we have met,
and complained to each other of sorrow, and
of ni^hti during whidi we hare suffered op-
pression; hut now we have forgotten our
griefs, 0 my sustress; and may the Com-
passionate pardon what is past ! How delight-
lul is life, and how sweet is it ! Union hath
increased my pasaion, <^^ Ui>-t U
♦UJb u:..,-aA; c^Ll^ * ^\ LiUjj
* Mkti i\ J«0j]1 ci J^ . Happiness hath
come, dispelling care and grief. We are
united, and have mortified our eniiers. The
fragrant zephjrr of union hath Mown, and
revived the heart and the bowels and the
body. And the beauty of delight hath appeared
with perfumes, and our drums of glad tidings
have Deen beaten in the four quarters of the
horizon. Do not imagine that we are weep-
ing from grief, for it is from joy that our tears
have flowed. How many terrors have we seen.!
but they have parsed ; and we have borne
with patience that which roused up angui^
One hour of union hath made me forget
what rendered us grey from excess of terror,
A.
• Lju«'
Jl3^«
i.
I."
^H
Jl^ll ^ \^\j pli
Unit, «. J^ faHL See One.
Unite, V. (c«ue to join or agree', ^
uHual; (to join« be joined 4rooAbw
Jcirt iHakad, ^jjlL%J^ mkr m«^
United, sJ^ mvUMd, jic^ pv^
See Joined. [iUikd
Unitedly, jUrt^ ^^^ ^' c^)^*"
Unity (the state ef being one), Jo^*.
tawMd,Lj\s>--^wakddniy^. SeeUc:.:
Universal, i^^ ^urnfiaa, ^ ^««
J[^ ibM. ' See General, Totil,¥U
Universality, i*^ ^umAm,
See Whole, TotaL
Universally, iSiWj M
^umilmaH,d\jksr\j Mjtanlak, ii^ ^-
^Amatan kdfatan. Bee GenenET-
Universally advantageous, ^'^ w
^atnim anna/^, 4JLJ^j2\ ^ -mom*
harakdt
Universe, «. Li jJt addunyd, Jls!1 al.^
University, <. i^x^madmaJi
Unjust, J JuJI c-Jir^ kh$ld/al.aL y.
Iniquitous, Oppressive.
Unj ustly , fjD^j^ ^^ mm ghfr M
Unjustifiable, ^2r^]l lA fuUOtmr, >
Inexcusable.
Unkind, ^\^ J^! ^.xc ^at^tud^'j^
tfo^ iarmn. See ICaHgnast
Unknown, J^f^ tm^lM,
Unlaid (not placed or fixed), 9f}*f'
Unlawful, ^\ c-JlL;^ hkit&fM^
Unlawfully, ^^^ hO&Jm^
J
vhi
(1061 >
UNP
lawfnlneBS, j;s)lcJlU- hhUsfalhdk,
, jJliS aJlc ^adam askihar^, Seelni-
luity, InJQBtice.
learned, unlettered^ imlessone^ ^^
J If ffTiajfr ^pUnu See Ignorant.
less, )t tOa^Vi^ wa iHd, HjS iamld, J^\
n lam.
leyelledy. i^y^^K^ md h& mwa\
like (disBimilar), ^\jL^j^ ghayr
laahdhik, jj\m^ maghAffw, uJlc^*^
lukhtdlif,
likeness, JlIjLmJI auXs. ^adam al mfi-
idioliU, i^[mAi\ i%«Xc ^adam al mu-
hdhahat,
limited, J^Jlc^^^ ghaifr nahdud.
lee ITnboiinded, Undefined.
link, V, See Untwist, Open. [Opexh
lock, V. Jifi!1 ^ fatah al hufi. See
looked, nnlooked £<»:. SeeUnes^ected.
loose, V, (Jft- hal. See Loose. — (to
K3Come loose), J^ls^jL^ «dr tnahliU.
manageable, jU:j 1 Id yaniksd.
married, ^^yt.j^ gha/yr tnmawwaf,
meaning, ^V^i^ ^^ malaho mo^W.
meant (not intended), jyoA^j^ yhayr
laksud. [See Unripe,
mellowed, i^^jm^ j^^ ghayr mustawl.
melted, i^^^\ii j^ ghayr ddyih,
mercifal,X4».^\ j^Ss^adlmarrahmat
mercifully, lA^^^yh hild marhamat,
mercifulness, ^aamJI /%«Xe ^adam <Mh'
hafahat. See Cruelty, Inhumanity,
mindful, JilcyAo^. See Inattentiye.
niingled,unmixed, (^l^ »dfl. See Pure,
mortgaged,. ^yb^^Afi ghayr marhun,
moved (from one place to another),
l/j^^ j^ ghayr mutaharrtk; (not
ffected by anger or violent passion),
J\j Sj J«0l». U md haul Uhi id^r*
Unnamed; _.«iM/»^ ghayr musamnu^.
Unnatural (against nature), ^^^f^ j^
m
ghayr tah%^. See Preternatural.
Unnaturally, dtuAJi\ (J^^y^ ^ ^fj^
hi naw^n ghayr muwdjik aUabUat
Unneoessary, %4jyjijT^ ghayr dwruri.
See Useless. [dururai.
Unneoesaarinese, iji^^ /««^ ^adatn ad-
Unnumbered, J^«x«^ j^ ghayr na^dod.
See Numbedess.
Unobeyed, ^Ik^^^ ghayr mutd^
Unobjected, d^j\x^ l)\^md hihi mu^
radah.
Unobservant, unobserving, unobsequious,
^}\ i^ mScX ^ tg^ ghayr multaJU ila\
Unobserved, unnoted, unnoticed,
)ff^^ ghayr malkOM.
Unobstructed^ Jt^Au^j^ ghayr moidud.
Unobtained, ^JJas^^^ ghayr muhawU.
Unoffered, A«VL«^«i ghayr tMikaddam.
Unoperative, inoperative, ^ ^ulxli) la
fd^yat laho. [burden.
Unpack,, v. tl^fatt. See Loose, Dis-
Unpaid, ^ ^d^j^ ghayr madfii^
Unpardonable, ^jjJ^}\ ^^ 't^fa^t.^j^
ghayr mwiawfih al ghufrdn.
Unparted, ^^jLty^ ghayr mafrnk. See
Unseparated.
Unpeaeeable, J^\ c,.>^ffcjl Id yahib al
adh. See QnairelBome, Turbulent.
Unperceived, j^ai^ j^ ghayr fnan»ilr.
Unperishable, imperishable, Jj^ij^.^
ghayr tdyU, d\sji^ ghayr fiM.
Unperplexed (uaentangled), ^y^*^j^
ghayr muthawwash ; (not perplexed in
mind), L^Ja^d^ ^ ghayr muitarth
Unphilosophioal, iuL^\ uJlcw khildf al
hikmat, ^iuuliSl «>«« didd alfahifaL
Unpierced, c^yi^ y^ ghayr ma^inb.
U5P
(1063)
Vnpitifiilly, iHZlt Ma AafO^. See '
UnmerafiiDj*
UnploBted, C^iA* J^ ^^^ My iri«.
Unp1riiiiMiit(iiot agreeable to thelwJingB),
Unpleaaed, j^j^m^j^ $hafr aMirfir,^^
^\j ^%r ftf*. I
Unpleaaipg, ^j^j^ghofr mmriU See .
Unpleaaanty Bi^gnatuig, OiEensiTe.
UDpolisbed, ^\yLa^j^ S^^W mu1«2. j
TlDpolite, U Md. [See Uodefiled. i
UopoUnted, \li^ j^ fha^ malk&k.
IJopracticabley impncticaUe, ^Uful 2a
TJnpraiaed, ^^Sa^j^ gha^ mamdah.
TTnprecarioiUy c^U 9dbU. See Inde-
pendent, Fixed, Certain. |
Unpiejudioed, ^^1 JU^ ikdli al
gkatHidiydk. See Impartial.
Unpiepaied, Jueuub^^ ghoffr muitaJd.
UninvpoBseased. See Unprejadiced.
Unpieased (not sqaeezed),
ghdyr ma^r.
Unpretending, uapreauming,
ghaifr muiakabhir. See ICodeat.
Unprerented, ^^^a^j^^ ghagr mamnH^.
Unprized (not yalaed), iuJ^tt malaho
klmai. [ndda' hihi.
Unproclaimed, li ^^JL«^ ghayr mu-
Unprofitable, Jui•^y^lyr«lte/1i. See
Useless.
Unprofitableness, ifJjU!\ mAc^ ^adam al
fdyidah. See Uselessness.
Unprofitably, ^rJuUlb hUaf&ytdah.
Unpropitions, «X5Um^^ ghiyr mua^ai.
Unpropped, J^wum^^^ ghagr mamUd.
Unprosperous. See Unfortunate.
Unproved^ cj^^-^I^^p^ ghoffr musbut,
Uopiiblialiea, j^^L^j^ fisyr witt^
UnquestiaDdile^ ^ <>lr^'^ '^ K"^
hOd.
Uoq[ii£8lkoaUj, JUjU^jU j^^.i.
Unq[iieBtianed, ^\y»^j^9iv^^
Umsrd, 9. (diaenUi^), JC^ J
ib0<f«MtUdL See I>isaig^ 11
Unreal* ^Lirw^ yAayr
Unreasonable (immodente), «J-^I
UnieasonableBeaB (immodoratoies, «j
J1 Jul ^a<2ai t^<«2a;. Uiott^^i
ness in demands, an nnressofisb i
mand, i^\^yiji.,,.^^UiUihmA
Unreasonably, i^Liil L ^iZs iws/.
UnreoeiTed, ^yJ^j^ ghayr md^ii
Unreclaimed. See Unraformei
Unrecoonted, d^^^/.s:^j^ghiir^'
Unrednced, i^^j^ ghtgr m^"^
Unreformed, J^'^j^ ghayr iw*-
UnrelieTed (nnassisted), \^f^
ghayr mas^f, [w&jH d w^
Unremarkable,idarJUJlc5.^l;;rr'
UnrepentingjTinrepentant, ^'i^jrr
nddm.
Unreplenished, ^^^^j^^j^ghayr^^
Unrepugnant, ^lU^ ghayr m^r
^^L^^«i ghayr mundiid,
Unreputable, disreputable, Jt*> J,^
Unrequested, l^^^j^ ghayr 9i^'
Uiu^esented. See Unrevraged.
Unreserved (open, frank), (—^
L..Ji!\ mahh&fal halh.
Unreservedness(franknefi8), jfi*> *^*^
TINS
( 1063 )
TINT
ireservedly, ^L^\ J^ hikol OMOs.
iresisted, (^^^SsJ 1 Id yatak&wam.
iresolvable (impoaaible to be resolved
9r explained), ^j^ )l Ui yamhrih.
aresolved (not solved or explained),
r^j^jt^- ghayr snMhmh.
arestored, ^aryv^j^i yhayr murtafi^.
arestrained (not hindered or confined),
ia.^ ij hild daht. See Licentious,
Loose. — (not limited), J
yhayr wuMnd,
arevealed, i^iyni^j^ ghayr makshuf.
nreversed (not turned upside down),
im^^A^j^ ghayr maJUHLh.
are warded, ^^IC«^^ ghayr mukdfa\
nrighteous, ^U- kh&tl. See Unjust,
Sinful, Wretched.
nrighteousness, JLA\ AJk£ ^adamaua^
Idh, See Wickedness, Injustice.
nrivalled (without a rival), J^tXc a!U
mdlaho ^ikl\ (having no peer or
equal), i^^^ X Id nasAr laho.
Qsalted, ^Uy^ ghayr mdlih.
osatisfactory, unsatisfying,
ghayr tnurdl.
usatisfied (not contented or pleased),
asavory, ijj 4IU mdlaho laaat See
Tasteless, Insipid, Fetid.
iseal, «. (open anything sealed)
^•:iLfB)l fdkk al khatm,
[isealed (without a seal), (»^s^ ^U
mdhu makhtHm.
Qseasonable, isi^j^^Xf^ ghayr waktM.
aseen, j^o^ jfS. ghayr mofisur. See
Invisible.
isent, f^j^jfX. ghayr munal.
iseparated, ^i^jn^ ghayr ma/ruk.
*v.
Unserviceable, sJu^j^a ghayr mufld.
See Useless.
Unsettled, cuoU j^ ghayr idhit. See
Uncertain, Unstaid, Unsteady.
Unsettledness, c:^L^\ a J^ ^addam osm-
bdt See Inconstancy, Irresolution.
Unshakable, CSj^^ Id yataharrak.
Unshaken, uushook (not moved or agi-
tated), JjijpjJ IdyatoMkal,
Unsound (sickly), ^}^J^ fna^ah
Unsown, ^jytjfS. ghayr maarn^
Unspecified, i^yoy j^ ghayr mawHtf,
jf^ ja^ ghayr nuakHr. See Un-
mentioned.
Unspent, v^^jo^j^ ghayr nunrnf.
Unstable, cu^U^^ ghayr idhit.
Unstopped (not closed, meeting no ob-
struction), J^Jum^^^ ghayr masdud,
Q^^A^j^ ghayr mamnH^,
Unstruck(notstruckor beat), L^jj^d^j^
ghayr madrnb. [meditated.
Unstudied, ^£vX; hadlhh See Unpre-
Unsubdued, c^^LU^^ ghayr maghl^.
Unsuccessful, ^\jj^ ghayrndjih.
Unsuccessfully, ^laT ^^o ^ min dun
najdh*
Unsuccessive, ^\f>^j^ ghayr m^^wdtl,
Ji\f^j^ ghayr mutawdiir.
Unsuitable, unsuiting, j;i|^^Ai ghayr
muwdfik, c^-^irfL^ j^ ghayr mundHb.
See Incongruous.
Unsuitableness, i^it^l /^j^ ^adam al
muwdfakat, JL.>L«]1 ^^J^^adamalmu'
ndiabat. [tabah bihi.
Unsuspected, dJ ij::J^jJ^ ghayr muih-
Untaken, J^U^ ghayr mdkhlU.
Untaught, Jjc^ j^ ghayr mula^allim.
See Ignorant. [anna^am.
Unthankfiil, ^1 J^U^ gh^fr ihdkir
TJKW
(1064)
UFH
UnthankfaloeflSi X«juJ\^;C& a«\c ^Mitm '
ikuJtr anm^mai. See Thanklessneas.
Vnihm]dng,Ji\cffhdJil. SeeThonglitli
Untie, V. J». kaU. See Looee, Unbind.
Untied, J^Ur* maA/^/.
Until, J\ %U, J^ htOU. See TilL
— And we oontmaed to admoe imtil we
arriyed at a garden in a beaatifhl ialand,
wherein were camphor-trees, under each of
which trees a hnndiedmen nightshade them-
Belve8,ljl-*«j li-jl^,1 ^1 ^yL J;} jjj
We had resided in this palace in secnrity nntil
the eyent decreed hy the Lord of all creatures,
the Lord of tiie heavens, the Lord of the earths,
hefell us, and the cry of the manifest truth as-
sailed U8, ^jmiX^§iaL^j»a^\ \jJb ijl^ Jij
Untonohed, ^^y^A^^j^ ghayr mamtiu.
Untried, t^jS^j^s. ghayr mujarrah.
Untwine, v, (untwist), J^ haU,
Unvanqoished, i^^ju%j^ ghayr magh-
luh See Unconquered.
Unvaried, unvariable, unyaiying, jtx.
J^sc^ ghayr mutaghayyir, ^^ ^
ghayr mutahwwttn.
Unveil, v. Uaxlf <— ftM>^ hoihaf ni ghaid,
UnnBed, J^m&m^ ^ ghctyr muda^mal.
Unusefiil, Jui^^^ ghayr mufid. See
Useless. [See Uncommon.
Unusnal, i^jL:^^^^ ghayr i^iydii.
Unwarlike, ir^.j^ja^ ghayr harln.
Unwary, (JiU ghdfil. See Careless, Im-
pmdent. Bash, Precipitate.
Unwashed, JytJutj^ ghayr maghtnl.
Unwearied, t^^fC^ jfX. ghayr mai^h.
See Indefatigable, Incessant.
Unwilling, ^\jj^ ghayr rdtU.
UnwOlingly, ij\j\ h Ma r»H ii
hiikhUL
UnwilHngneai^ S^\ aJ^ ^aiam d*^
rdi^,jL2fiL]t aJlc ^aiam al UMifer.
Unwise, JJbW jdkil. See Igsor
Weak, Imprudent. [iw^
Unwiaelj, ijii^-j^ ^^ wmghsfri&i
Unwished, t^^yj^ y^^v* mot^
Unwonted, ^^^j*^ nadir ti wi^u
Unworshipped, Jy^ju*^^ ghayr mM
Unworthily, j\as^\ ij Ms ittH^
UnworthinesB, ^\ ft»<Uji aJlt vW
uiihk&h See WorthlesBoesB.
Unworthy, ^J^u^j^ ghayr wu^
See Worthless, ICean, Unsnita^e.
Unwritten, l^jjL^j^ ghayr tab.^
See Oral, Traditional.
Unwrought, Jyu^^^ ^^^S^ ^t^
Up, ^ ^flln', J ♦i fawk. To lis ::
(as the son), '^U? fo/^. To brxczx
(educate), ^j rahha\ See Bo: -
To give up, aLii saH^an, See Bes^
Surrender. — To gire up an <&
^ ^iic^Ji ista^a^ mm. See F^
— To stir up, ^j^^ harrai, ^
Excite, Instigate. — To stir up eediri-
hiji\ )aA}\ aykaz alJUfuU, Up to. j
iUa*, t<^>- haUa\ Up to tiiia tb-
^\ 1 jjb ^\ Ha* haaa aldn.
Upbraid, 9. fT^ wabbakh, <>^-r^ tfff'
See Eeproach, Bevile. — ^To i^-
one with a favour oon&ned, ^•a>
iLii^ hammal mifmak
Upbraidingly, ^^,y>i hiiatpiikh.
Upheld (maintained), i<-ij^
(supported, propped), Oy^m^
Uphold, 9. Juurf ianai. See Suppcrl
Upholder. See Supporter.
US
( 1065 )
USE
pmost. See IJppennost, Higliest.
pon, ^Ic ^M. See On. — On liigb,
lUSf (j /I 0? ^Ha. And as to the coach
upon which was the damsel, it had stq^ and
upon the steps were two dayes, one of them
white, and the other black: in the hand of one
waa a weapon of steel ; and in the hand of the
other a jewelled sword, that blinded the eyes,
pper, ^Jifil a^j ^^foMlh&nl. See
Superior,
rppermost, ,Jxl a^/fl*. See Supreme.
Fpiight (straight up), u-ftStj «?«*»/,
AJJr.Mi^ mtwAiilim; (honest), ^t^ «d/iA,
Tprightly (perpendicularly), c-jLujU
^1 tn^Ma^m; (honestly), ^)L» J^ UM
sitldh,
fprightness (stndghtness), l^\S3>^\ m-
iikatnat; (honestly), ^1.^ saldh.
Tpward, upwards. See Up. — (toward a
higher place), jy ^\ Ha'fawi; (more
than), ^ y^^ «^^ «»♦*•• See More.
Frbanity. See Politeness, Elegance.
Trge, V. jJl£ A^\ Jac ^mo^ ilhdh
^M, See Press, Importune, Enforce,
rxgency, ij^j^ darurat, ^^^ ^fim,
Trgent, l^j^j^ duruf^, /♦jJ /Sstm^ See
Importunate, Pre8sing,yiolent, Cogent.
Frgently, <J^\ JCj htkol ilhdh.
'rinal, ». ^jjj^lS l;ar«raA, J^-^ mahwal.
'rine, Jy itfwJ. Retention or stoppage
of urine, {jy*^^ ^^ *c^ ^ hawl.
3, \j nd. To us, Ul Und. Give us,
Lkcf actind. As I should he the cause
of your separation, as I was the cause of her
separation from us, L^^^mW ^^^ (JlT
lL«l^ lyiil. 0 my mistress, thou hast
no need of these servants at the present time,
nor will thv heart be elated so long as
they are with us; so dismiss them from us,
Usage (treatment), ^U^ tnu^matah ^
(custom), wj fMm, tfiX^lS hd^idah,
if jlc ^sia^
Use (experience), iu^^flp^ tqfribat; (prac-
tice), jA5C*rflw^»^fiia7; (hahit, custom),
ijlc ^a(ft»A. See Usage. — (possession),
t^juij iasarruf; (advantage), jJj
nfl/j., ^\ intifd^, x^M fdyidak.
See Utility; Convenience, Help. —
Use of money^ ^U^ mu^malah.
Use, V. (employ to any purpose), u.^^
tasarraf. See Treat. — (to practise),
J.4>iC;»»\ Uta^nuU. [cJj|yM3/« nuurn/.
Used, (JajCmw^ nwita^mai; (expended),
Useful, Jui^ mt{/tJ, ^U f^/S^. See
Advantageous, Profitahle. — More or
most useful, ^i3\ an/ii^. To he useful,
ifdAi ^U^ (J^A^ &Mi/ minhi fayidah.
Usefully, «>^^f^ binaw^n mufid,
SjtL^ JCj hikol man/a^t, 5 Jjli JCi
Ukolfdyidah. [See UtiHty.
Usefulness, bsA} fdyidah, ^\scj\ tntifdc.
Useless, sJu*j^ ghayr mu/id, ^^^m 1U
md Id ya^nf . An useless thing, lL^^c
^aboi. See Trifle.
Uselessly, 2fjjU L 5i7d fdyidah^j^ ^
%Jj min ghayr naf^. See Triflingly.
Uselessness, ^rjjli aJ^^ utdam fdytdah.
User, s. ^jajCm^ fnuita^^,
mutasarrif.
Usher, t. (whointroduces), ,«ac^ mtiMfr.
UTE
( 1066 )
Usual, J\ss^ mu^dd. See Common.
Usually^ jIjjmJI i^-^uijv- hasah dl mti^*
tdd, JUxUi^t i^.^^.^M*s^, hi haaab al
uti^mdl. [qaenoy.
Usaalness, JUjc^sI isti^m&h See Fre-
Usufruct, CL^'J^^b Uij^ toBorruf
hU mahiUldU
Usufructuaiy, izSiy^K^ ^^^ mu^
ioMrrif hU mahsuldt
Usurer, s. ^<J^^ rabl, ar JjUlb Mi*X« mu-
dayyin hUfayidah.
Usurious, i^J^ muirid.
Usurp, V. )a*J dahaL
Usurpation, l^^^^c yhasb.
Usurper, s. c, ^.pli yh&stb.
Usury, \jj ribd. To lend at usury,
\)J\i fjOji karad bU ribd.
Utensil (tool, implement), Xi| dlat (pi.
di^Hl dldt). Utensils (pots, pans, etc.),
4^j^ 2ssruf (sing. <— i;^ tarf). See
Tool, Initrament, Weapon; also Apparatiu,
Furniture, Necessaries, Vessel. — JLnd. they
went thence to the fourth chamber, where they
found closets, one of which they opened, and
they found it full of utensils for food and drink,
consisting of Tarious yessels of »>ld and silrer,
saucers of crystal, cups set with orilliant pearls
and cups of camelian, ^\ \^a::j\ >j
i-ajjij v.^jji ujLtfi ^ s-^y^'j
j^^AAllcL^Lal^jc^-^l. Around which
were many lofty doors, and at its upper end
was a hign and great matiabah. There were
also in it utensils for cooking, hung oyer the
JV Wb *;sf^ ^jSU Ux^ XjXc ^j
^^^\ _
Uterine (belonging to the womb), i<«^
rahml.
Uterus, f^^\ arrahm. See Womb.
^ii^^
Utility, iJkAifdyidah (pi. *Xi}^fng6fii,,
ixUt^ manfa^t (pi. ^V;^ »»»/;.
^M na/^. See Use, Profit, Adrut^.
Utmost, JbU yhdyaif . >^\ oW. See
Extreme, Highest, Greatest.— Then abe ssii
0 my nurse, whence is this handsome TOitki
And she (the old woman) said, I ksoTbiz
not, but I imagine that he is tlie son d i
great king, for he is of the ulmort besatr lad
loveliness, ^1 ^^^ vJoUb iiiJl3 ».
^ ^U cJUi ^■Lm M^Uii
utter. See Total, Complete; Outs,
Outward.
Utter, V. Aij iakaOam. S6eSpeak,£^
late.— (to sell), cIj idc. Then Johia:
pressed him to her bosono^ and uttei«d sst
words not to be understood ; after vfa^ ^'^
spat in his face, and said to him. Be ^sszi
from this human form into the form of s Wt
the most beautiful of birds, i^*> •-
;r
Utterly, aUJU btitamdm, »fry^^ J-' w**
mtM ibi a/ frtfyaA. See Wholely, Ca
pletely. Perfectly, Quite.
Uttermost. See Extreme.
V.
Y has one uniform Bound- in Ei^^
The Arabic ^ has occasionally a 9^-
given to it approaching to that ct (
as in c-'l^/ffu^S^, etc. Thedifte^
seems to be, that the sound oi;*
produced by a alight Tibration d ^
two lips, whereas that of r is i^^s^
VAI
( 1067 )
VAN
by an appolse of the lower lip against
the edge of the upper teeth.
Vacancy, ^Ls^ khaln, !£>■. hhald. Bee
Emptiness, Vacuity. — (leisure, relaxa-
tion), i\^ fardghf ^j^ funah* See
Cessation, Intermission. — (listlessness,
want of thought), ^is. ghaflahj ^ds>
^ ^aiamfihr, JUJb\ ihmaL
Vacant (empty, unfilled), ^U. khaU.
See Void. — (thoughtless), Jili ghdJU.
Vacate, v. (void, empty), ^joi fadda\
Vacation. See Vacancy. — (a time of
intermission from business), ^UaJ\ f\>\
ayyam al batdJat.
Vacuity, vacuum, ^les. khalU, i^ hhdld.
Vagabond, vagrant, «. ^L^^l awhdih,
fj^\jb hamtl. Vagabond, vagrant
(wandering), (J^uil? tqfthuni.
Vague (unsettled, undetermined), *^^
mubham, ^j^jut j^ ghagr mu^gan,
(jA^^j^ ghagr muhaikkdk.
Vain (fruitless, ine£fectual, unmeaning,
absurd), Jt\i batU, JlL batt&l See
False, Worthless, Idle.
Vain, vainglorious, Jm^ mtUakabbir.
See Ostentation, Self-conceited, Boast-
ing, Airy.
Vainly (in vain), ^ Jjli 1) bUd fdgtdah,
^\i batHan. See Idly, Foolishly. —
(proudly, vaingloriously), b^ J^
j\s^\j bikd hubrigd wa iftikhdr.
Vainness. See Vanity. [wod.
Vaivode, «. (prince palatine), J^^ fray-
Vale, «. fc/4>\j ioddl. See Valley,
Valediction, «. q\ J^ tpodd^. See Fare-
well— Diyinely is he inspired who acqoainteth
me with their approach ; for he hath brought
information most delightful to be heard. If he
would be satiified with that which is cast off,
I would gire him a heart rent in pieces at
the hour of valediction, t^jlU^jJ ^
Valet, «. jl^J^ khidnuUkdr. See
Servant.
Valetudinarian, a^m^s^IcJam da^faljism
Valetudinary, (^j^ marid (pi. 15-^
murada*), JJlc ^il. See Sick, Infirm.
Valiant, ^-^ ahajl^. See Brave, Bold.
Valiantly, aA^JCj bikol shajd^ah.
Valiantness. See Valor.
Valid, ^VLr* *^^> *? J,^♦*^ ma^ul
Validity, l^ iahhat
Valley, t. i^^^'j wddl (pi. ^^l*^^ umdgdn).
Then I walked about that place, and found
myself upon an eminence, beneath which was a
large, wide deep valley, c::.^jum»J ^S^ f^
i J^\ CJiS ^
Valor, lc\jB^ ahajd^, ^*lr?" J^^^-
See Courage, Bravery.
Valuable, ^^^ samln. See Precious,
"Worthy. — (estimable), JjJc ^asln.
Valuation (appraisement), ^^jAo^ takh'
min, ^;<mcJ tatnUn. [Worth.
Value, 4UJ jAmalf ^jAJ saman. See Price,
Value, V. (rate highly), j^\ i^tabar.
See Esteem. — (to rate or fix at a cer-
tain price), ^^ tamtnan.
Valued (estimated), (^yi*s^ tnahsub,
Jjjjut ma^dud; (esteemed), ^/f^^J^
mu^tahar, jiJC' cosfs. See Valuable.
Valvci i,jJ^ kishr, uJju^ sadaf.
Vamp, 1^. ^j rakka^f J^ MoUah. See
Mend, Bepair.
Van, vanguard, #. (jm^\ LtJA^mukud-
damat dljayihfhf^ Udl^aL See Front.
Vanish, 1;. JJj t&l, Jsr^l idmaM.
TAB
(1068)
TA5
Taniijr (emptiaes, inndtj, ▼ampaxsait),
fjt^ hdldn; (self-eonodty ostentatkni,
arn^;8iioe),^^lO iakMur. See Pride.
Vanqnigh, v. ^ faUihf ^Ar ghtUb^
y^ tafar^ j^ kdkar. See Conquer,
Oferoome, Sabdoe, Confale.
YanqiUBher, t^U ffhslih, ^li Iskir.
See Conqueror.
Vanquished, L^jikf magJdtb^jy^ w^m-
khikr. See Conquered.
Vantage. See Adyantage, Saperiorily.
Vapid, ^ J daU^. See Insipid.
Vapidness, ZaS J dd^.
YA^reTf $. See Braggart, Boaster.
Vaporish (splenetic,hnmor8ome),c,, Ji q". ^
^^«yt mutahMb attdb^
Vaporooa (fall of rapors), ^Ur ^ io^
hho hukhdr.
Vapor, ^Ur ftuiAdr (pL ^yar^ tfiiUnroA).
Vapor exhaled by the son on dry
sandy plains, looking like a large
lake, <^\j»a gmrah.
Vapor, jiyli vdpor. Vapors (vain imagi-
nation), JUsL hhiyal.
Vapor, V, (emit fames), ^^f^ dakhkhan.
Variable,^^Jb^ mwtaghayyir, ^^^^^ mu-
taUwwin, LZ:\^ ii\^ m&lah» MbaL See
Changeable, Inconstant, Varioas. — To
be rariable,^^^ taghaifyar.
Variableness, ci^LsJI ^ss. ^adam ossabdL
Variance, t^jHarvl tkhtUaf, L:jL^ mu-
ndza^t, cljj nita^. See Discord,
Dissension, Strife.
Variation, ^^^ iaghayyuir^ uJlbf^l ikhti"
l&f. See Change, Variety, Difference,
Saccession, Deviation. — ^Variation of
termination (in a grammatical sense),
\^J^^j^ twrlf, \la%owin.
Varied, j^k^ mutayhayyir, ^^^Ic;^ muta-
ooiovm), ^Jkj
£fec!
Stt
Speekled, Spotted.
Variegatian, ^^Jij ncidL
Variety, ^y\ mtwd^, JJjIj UJi^.
^^ iaatri^ See Vaiifgatieny T>»
nation, DiAeieDoe. — Tarietiei^ qV
Various, celcLsr^ wuikkMtf, ^y^^^ "*-
imuwwi^. See Tari^sted^ Difsest
(nnoertain, unfixed), kz^L*^^ ^1^
«aM. See Taiiable.— Know wHm, tku r
the lea are many peoples uad iwakm fir&
of all tlie kmos that are on ^ Isi
Variously, i^hdJ\ JCj MM tUiai;'
Varioosly coloured, ^^p^
Varnish (for giving a gloss to
metal, etc.), ^l^ J dihan ; (the o(bi-
mental 0r fictitious eolouting of &
course), aI^ \ ^j^j fuMrafai al hdu^
Varnish, f. (wood, metal, etc), ^^>
ddhan. To Tamish (a tale)» <— ^
Varnished (as wood, metal, etc), ^y^<>
madkdn'f (as a tale), i.J^£>y« iH^
Vary, v, (to cause to change), q jj Msi^
^y nawwa^* See Variegate. — (to 1:^
come ehaoged, to be cliangeaifak.
w-flVr^'v\ *khtaIaf,jJu iaghafym-.
Vase, #. v-J;b «»/ (pL ^^^^ tmrtf
See VesseL
Vassal, •. i^j ra^yai, ^\j tih
Vassals, bU; ra^dpd, ^^y UweM^
See Subject, Dependant.
Vassalage. See Servitude, SlaTcrr.
YKH
(1069)
TEN
V^asty A;^ ^tfsfm, ^^1^ wdit^ t^^J
eroff^y .^uJi ytoA. See Immensei
Enormoasy Large, Oreat, Extenaiye.
Vastly, J^>- «^ ^^ min§hayr hadd, ^\k»
hi gh&yat. See Greatly, Immensely.
Vastness, ijua^ was^at, is^ fiUhat.
See Gieatneas, Largeness.
Vault, «. (arch, dome^ ^ ibt^iaA (pL
k.^ ihcM), y^ habiL The vault of
heaven, UwJI iLJ kubhat lutamd. See
Cavern, Cellar, Tomb.— To vault (arch,
cover with an arch), ^ (J^ ^mal kahiL
Vaulted, i— mS^ miiib^^a^.
Vaulter, t. (jumper), ^J<o^; rakkds.
Vaunt, v.js^\ %ftahhar^jS^\ij tafdhhar^
Vaunt, 9.j:>Mlj tafakhur. See Boast.
Vaunter, «. i,j>.^jjSj^ $hakkdr rawhah$.
See Boaster, Vainglorious man.
Vauntful, vaunting, aSU- tSjS^A^ mu/-
takhirfl h&lihi. See Vainglorious.
Veal, Jx^ |i^ Idhm ^ijl.
Veer, i;. ^Ij ddr^ jy^ daiwwar. See
Turn round, Change.
Vegetable, vegetive, «. cLj fk»3d^ (pi.
cr^Ulj fto^d^dQ. Vegetable, vegetive,
vegetative, c^^U nc?^^, ,c^U n4<Al.
Vegetate, 9. C2^ ndbat. See Sprout.
Vegetation, vegetativeness, c:-^ fM^^.
Vehemence, s^ shiddat, iftX»^ hiddat,
ij^j^ hurdrat. See Force, Violence,
Ardo&r.
Vehement, JJJcl shadld, l<*^ Admi.
See Violent, Forcible, Ardent, Eager,
Fervent. [ifjjj hikol ihiddat.
Vehemently, il Jl>- J^ hikol hiddai, JCj
Vehicle, s, ^jC ^aba, AjbP ^alah,
^-^j^ fnarkahi {smaH), j^jjj tanUr.
See Litter.
Veil, i. i^Mj nikdh, 4^lf hifdh, Ik*
ffhatd. To withdraw the veil (to dis-
cover, reveal), c^UaSI gJ; rafa^ an-
nikdh. The veil of the heart (the
pericardium), ^^Ji!l4^l^i^/'d3a/ib/^.
And wbea he law her, he found her to resemble
the iiill moon. She was wrapped in a yeil of
-silk embroidered with gold, \jb\j UJlJ
Veiled, (m^ys^ mal^'^h, jji^u*^ nuutur.
Vein, 8. ^jjA ^k. To open a vein, Juai
faaad. See Bleed. — ^Veins, ^^ ^uritk.
The temporal veins,^U juJ \M«tM^Adn.
Two vans in the jaws or throat,
^^^U\ unndhirdn. Two veins in the
eyes (also two in the nose), (jUf^^^l
al ashardn. Vein (turn of mind or
genius), ^-^^M<u• vuuhrah, wJ? tah^,
<U«J0 tabi^ah. See Humour, Temper.
Vellum, jj ra^i.
Velocity, ^Ic^ »tfr^«^, ^Is*^ ^afdlai.
Velvety fj-^kss^ mukhmal.
Velvet, adf. Juki^ mukhmalf.
Venal (mercenary),^-j>-l ajlr,jssry^ mfl-
Venality, ^^ (^yf ^ore? lilbay^.
Vend, ». cb 5d^. See Sell.
Vender, cCj ^yS^. See Seller.
Vendible, ol^ ya3s^. See Saleable.
Venerable, /^^sf* muhiaram, v_^r^^
fittAi^. [u^a ihtirdm.
Venerably, /^]j^^ i«A Jij hiholhaybat
Venerate, v. (^Ji^\ ihtaram. See Honour.
Veneration, f\p^\ ihtirdm, M\f\ ikrdm,
^Jia tahrim (pi. CL^Uj^ iakrimdt),
l»-laju ta^tlm, jJy iawklr. With
veneration, M\ji>A^j^y Jl^JhikoHaw-
klr wa ihtu'dm, f\^^^ (^i!^ JC{ hikol
TEN
( 1070 )
VER
to&Bim wa ikrdm. See Beverenoe. —
Worthy of yeneration, A\^i\ l.^^>^\^
wdjib (d ihtirdm.
Venerator, f .cl;UsI1 u^.o-U tdhib iUi/dt.
See Eeverencer.
Yenerealy <J^^^ nafsdnl. Tenereal
pleasures, (JLmAj la>. haa nafsdnl.
The venereal distemper, <i/«3u«^ \ Ci^
franc ahmadl. See Pox, Clap.
Venesection (bleeding), Xaifasd, ^rjlioi
fuddah.
Vengeance, fJ\hj\ intihdm, SeeBevenge,
Panishment. — To take yengeance,
Jcj \ intaham. See Revenge, Eetaliate.
Vengeful, Ai:i:i-«mtmfa^m. SeeEevengeful
Venial,^Aji!l i»^^|^ wdjtb al ^q/il, j^^^f-^
ffM^silr. See Pardonable, Excusable.
Venison, Jlji g^ lahm ghandly Jlm^ stS^
lahm 9ayd,
Venom, ^^ samm. See Poison. — To
Envenom. See Poison,
yenomous, aLi »dm, >«« «am, MyA^^^
miMffitlm. See Poison, Poisonous ; a&o
Malignant.
Venomousness, m^\ XjbU mdhiyatassam.
Vent, <. (breathing-hole, passage, open-
ing)> (./^''^ manfas; (a passage for
smoke),^U£^ j^moi^AanaA. SeeTunnel.
— (sale), wj ^oy^; (disclosure, publi-
cation), ie\J^\ ishd^at,j\^\ iihdr.
Vent or give vent, r. j^/«aJ nafflu; (to
utter, report), el<ll a8hd^,j^ khdbhar.
See Publish, Diynlge. — ^When I heard him
say, as he coursed onward in his career, and
gave vent to accents of unpremediated speech,
aSIj:^ a u,^f^ t.i^^'-^- Jl-^ ^^■''■r.iMi.i
<idUr^f Jh&U^ (j:jjiXJby
Ventilate, v. t^^ haunca\ 4.JmJ nasaf
See Winnow, ITan ; Examine, Discuss.
Ventilated, uJ*«mJ^ mamnf
Ventilation, ^jJJ tadrifak.
Ventilator, 9. ^^yf marwahah. SeeTc
Ventricle, 9. (stomach), isft^ mi-M
The ventricle or crop of biids^ Zl^«>
Aatc^MAi^. The ventricle of beastS) ^i
Venture (hazard, risk), .kfw IAtfi«' i:^
jlLr^l aa^r),5^Ur«miciUdto*dL Se:
Danger. — (an attempt), ^jl^ ta^, x^
hud, A lucky venture, ^^ -j^* mri.
Venture, 9. (dare), j^\asr tqfdsar. I
venture at, venture on, «jui <»&i jJ
kasad. To venture or put in baanL
Ventured (put in hazard), lO^Ur* m-
Venturer, «.^lflr^ flttciAd^. [k^
Venturous, jf^4M>*y(Mfir. See Bold, fer
Venturously, ^Lyif>- J^ hiiol J9»r<
See Boldly. [nen, Cbangi
Venturousness, JrM^5>-yar«0^. SceBo^
Venus (planet), ftjbj wukraL
Veracity, ^ Jui tidk. See Truth.— ()^r:
faith has fiiuled, and perfidjr become abrade
and wide has become the different betvis |
promises and performaaces ; and the fi^eb«
of the world is pnt to shame \sf the Tena7.
for how shoald the crooked be in aocod&r
with the straight? ^Uj ^U^l J^^
Veracious, joUfdi^iy^. See True, Siae6&
Verb, *. J*i^^/; (active), ^^j^jc^^^j^
fi^mtUa^addi; (passive), J^ff*b^
Verbal (oral, spoken, not written), J«l
lisdnl, ^JeiH lafia,^\!tL>^ Udidl^Jf
kawh, ^UJ» ahafdki. A verbal sea
{o{aciion),jXa^M^\%9mma8dar. Verbei
or literal, ^/^ lo^Aoi^.
Verbally (in words, orally), 'UU-i «^
^
TER
( 1071 )
VES
fSLhan, ^Klli lU kaldm; (yerbatim),
i^js^, \ij>- harfan hiharaf. \hawd,
erberation, \^\ htO\»a^ masddafnat al
erbose, aK! \ J^ j!^ tawil dl kaldm. See
Loquacious.
erdant, -<afii-l ahhdar. See Green. —
Beautifully verdant, jjl^- -^iri.^ akh"
dctr h&dik. [Opinion.
erdict, S>»' hukm. See Judgment,
erdigris, j^^J zinjdr. Of the colour
of verdigris, ^j\sfj tinjdrl.
erdure, lij.d£>^ khudrai,
erge, 8. (brink, edge), «X>> hadd. See
Border, Margin, Skirt, Limit; also
Bod, Mace. [tla\
erge, v. (tend towards), ^Jl JU mdl
erging, Jl Jjtt mdt^il %la\ ^f^
mutawajjih.
erification, (J^iSssr tahknk, Jli J^ tas-
dfk, czjLjI ishdt. See Proof.
erify, f. J^to- hakkak, k:L^\ ashat
See Prove. [3a^ See Prove.
erified, ^Jas^ muhakkak, i^yt^ mas-
erily, ^\^\ J /f alwdki^, sLaJS d
ft al hakikat, U>- hakkan, U^AaT ^A-
ibi^n, j;Jb hilhak, JJuJb ^t^fu^j^.
ermicelli, ^^«^j ^j-oi^ ihi^rieh ra-
/f ^oA, ^X^t^jS vermieeUl. [addndat
ermicular, vermiform, if J^jil Jl^ mw/
ermicule, «. (small worm), if J^ J JtZ(ib^.
See "Worm, Ghrub. [dawwtd.
ermiculous (full of grubs), J^J^ mu-
ermilion,^^iar^ ztnji/r.
ermine (pi. aIJa hnwdm), if J^J dudat
(pi. J^ J <^tii^). See Worm, Louse, Rat.
emacular, ^\ umml. See Native. —
Yemacular language (mother-tongue),
^"iS ^U liadn al umm.
ernal, t^,j rabl^.
Yerse (poetry), jl^ shier, Jioj nazm. See
Poesy, Rhyme. — (a hemistich), 9)j»^^
misrd^, A verse or distich, c^^
hayt (pi. C^Lj^ ahydt). A verse of
the Alcoran, <Ul dya^ (pi. vJl^'M ayd^).
Verses of the Alcoran kept as preser-
vatives against enchantment, ^j£
Yersification, jt^Sl Jx ^Imalshi^, Jx
f^j jtll ^ilm al ^rUd.
Yersifier, -cLl «Ad^tr. See Poet.
Yersify, v,j\xJ^\ Joj nazam ashlar.
Yersion, ^U^-y tarjamah. See Transla-
tion ; aiso Transformation, Change.
Yertebral (relating to the joints of the
back-bone),^^ljya^ j;)jc^ muta^aUik
hikharaz asauihr. The vertebrsB or
joints of the back-bone, ^^\ j^
kharaz axaahr, [See Top.
Yertez (zenith), ^^J^ ^4^^ simat arrds.
Yery, \j^ jiddan, ^Uj lighdyaL Yery
good, adj. j^\j^ kaslr al khayr,
Yery good, adv. \j^ ^Jiac ^Im jid'
dan. Yery bad tn' pernicious, ^^^l^^-l^
katUr addarar. Yery attentive or serious,
ljc>- Jbf^.y^ mujtahid jiddan. See
Earnest.
Yessel, uJ^ sai/, U^ W^d. A large
vessel in which they keep wine, ^b
hdtiyah. Yessels, *^^Jo zuriHf, (Jt^T
dtrdnf. A vessel (ship, bout), w-^
markab. See Ship. — I poflsesaed fifty trading
YBBselB on the eea, ana fifty other ships for
pleasare-excnrBionB, and one hundred and fifty
pieces ready for war,^^H ^i ^ ^^l^^
Yest, «• c^^ tawb.
Yestaly Jyu ia^A/. See Yirgin.
VIA
( 1072 )
VIC
Vestibule, jJjbJ daUl%. See Porch.
Vestige, J\ 4uar. See Footstep. — (a
mark), ^SL ^aldmah, *^ ratm. See
Trace.
Vestment, Vesture. See Garment, Dress.
Vetch, s, (kind of pea), ^L^ kirsmim.
Veteran, j;^ ^ik, aj» Ji kadlm. See
Old, Ancient. — (experienced in war),
LJfj^\»yb\^ mdhir hU harb.
Vex, 1^. ^litf sadda^, j;!i Itaiah. See
Plagae, Tease, Trouble, Disturb.
Vexation, ^Xoj tasdi^, <U>j nahmat.
See Trouble, Affliction, Grief, Sorrow, Anguish,
Irritation. — I wHs therefore affected with vio-
lent Texation, not to be exceeded, and my gidl-
bladder almost burst by reason of the severity
of my grief and mourning and &tiguej,
U i^ ^ ^MC^j ySj^y Cl^jl^ Jij
Vexatious, cJu&« musaddi^ See Trouble-
some, Painful, Vexed.
Vexatioudy, ^«X»aJ J^ b^l tasdi^,
Vexatiousness, ^jJ-^J tasdl^. See
Vexation.
Vexed, cj^^^ mtuadda^.
Vexer, a. & Jua^ musaddi^ See Tormentor.
Vial, 8, See Phial.
Viands, f\^ ta^m. Exquisite viands,
^jJSlsu nafdyii. See Meat, Pood,
BeUcacy. — And he put before him some of the
various excellent, (ulicious, exquisite, viands.
So the porter advanced, and, having said, In
the name of God, the Compassionate;, the
Merciful, ate until he was satisfied and satiated ;
then he said, Praise be to God in every case!
Viaticum (provision for a journey), aJ^^j
zaunvadah.
Vibrate, v.jn^ ha. See Shake, Qidtc
Vibration, iybjib hoihatak.
Vicar, vicarious. See Vicegerent.
Vice, ^jj rmilah (pi. Ji^jj rmdyit..
See Sin, Evil, Crime, Wickednese,
Depravity, Fault, Offence, Defect— A
vice with a screw used by worfaneiL
L.^^ lawlab. See Scxew.
Vice-admiral, «. JJj--*^ ci^ <««* amrai.
Vicegerent, *. /•l£« ^jU kalm wMicM,
JJy wakll, v-^l3 nayib. The rif*-
gerent <>r vicar of God, ^\ <iiJij>> ^^
U/at Mdk. See Deputy.
Vicega^nts, 1^ umkdd,
Vioegerency, ^Li nkfdhai^ Zll^ scwiote.
Viceroy, «• C^flJt H-^^ ''^'^ ^ '''^
See Vicegerent
Vicinity, vicinage, h\^ karahiU, <-.y
kurh. See Nearness, Neighbourhood.
Vicious, Juali >^«I^, t-JTjjjt^ aM^yi^.
See Bad, Wicked, Profligate.
Viciousness, jUwilt Zl\^- hdUA alfeml
See Vice.
Vicissitude, ^j^^ dawardn^ c-JUi^ h-
kilab. See Bevolution, Change. — ^Vi-
cissitudes, CL^blLiJ^ tnJtOdh&t. Tbr
vicissitudes of fortune, ^^jJ^ ^— ^'"-^
tasartf addahr. See Fortune. — ^The ra?-
tades of the times drove me to Sanaa in Yaaa.
^\ \^ J\ ^}^^\^ ^ ^^^^f
Victim, ^J^^ kurhdn, \*X3 fideL S^*e
Sacrifice. — To offer up a yictbn, <*
Mbdh. You make me lovelom, and yoi ^
main indifferent for me; you make my vcvd^
eyelid sleepless, while you ileqp at ease. Tco
aoode is between my heart and my e3nes: tbeR-
fore my heart will not forget nor RliB^ffi»&
yoa, nor my tears conceal my sorrow. i«b
gave me your word on oath that yon wodd :^
main faitnM and answer to my love ; but «te
you had got possession of my heart, yon ri^ae^
Jrour covenant. When you inspind m? »"•*
ove I was so young that I did not know «^
was love ; now that I feel it, do not all^ '^^
to be the victim of it I entreat yoa bv ts
j^lmighty, if I die, that yoa write npoa ■!
VIG
( 1073 )
VIL
tombstone, This was a slaTe of lore, that per-
chance some monmer, who has felt the same
flame, may pass by the lover's ^ave, and pity
her by laying, May God have mercy on her
soul ! * jj JutJ^ ^J^\ ci (J|/ A=^^
r^'j * r^3 f:>^' j^ r^A^^^
ictor, victorious, 8. ^^U gh<h,j»a\v^
muntatir, ^li /a^t'A. See Conqueror.
ictorioasljyjUdcJljJl? J^ hikol tafarin
tea intUdr.
ictory, ^ fath, yio tafar, Hj^oj na9rat,
JLasj\ intisdr. To gain a victory, ^
fatah, jiia tafar. See Conquer.
LCtress, 9. iJ^Vz ghdlibah, sy^M kdhirah!
Lctuals, ft\jio ia^dm, J^l akl, d^i^U
mdkuldt, \j^ ghadd. See Food, Meat,
idelicet, ^J^ ya&nt. See Viz.
:e, V, (contend with, emulate), (ji\^
tdbakf Jjlc ^dtai.
ew, v.jaj nazar. See Look, Behold,
ew, 8, (prospect), Jaj nafutr. See
Sight, Eye. — A distant view, J^Jaj
%a%ar ha^d, Yiew (intention, de-
'igr^)> (^ ^09m, Ai\y mardm, Ju^
^1, «. (watching),y^MAtfr. SeeWatch.
gilance, l^Li^.^ ihtigdi, ^LJ) iniibdh,
^ee Watchfulness, Diligence,
gilant, JbLi 8dhir, lflijrii»M># mwlagkiu,
aSjT^^ mutayakkit. See Watchful, Cir-
(amspecty Attentive, Diligent, Careful.
Vigilantly, ^Li3lj 5i m^iidA, ^^f^ J^
2(lcjtj ifib7 8aharin tea tntibdh.
^^ Ml
Vigorous, 4^^ iawh See Forcible,
Strong. — A vigorous old age, Jjiri-
khul&d.
Vigorously, iy JCj hikol hikwat.
Vigor, vigorousness, i^ kutcat, ^U^
tdkah. The vigor of youth, ^^^axc
c-^L^AJI ^anfawdn a8h8habdb. See
Force, Strength, Energy.
Vile, jJl:>^ haklr, Jj danl, u*****'-^
kha8l8, ^IcLcii JJi j^fl/l/ a/i^^ii^cir.
Vilely, ^U^ J^ hikol hakdrat, ^9 y^
jti^^- hinaw^n hakir.
Vileness, i^lft>- hakdraty li\jj rasAkU.
See Baseness, Meanness. [Slander.
Vilify, r.^A». ^ar. SeeDefamOyDehase,
Villa, 8, L,Bj«g^ moiyaf.
Village, 8. <0y ibr^aA (pi. U^ kardgd),
iJu^ day^h. The chief man of a
village, ijuA\:^ 8kaykh adday^.
And as for farming villages, and the under-
taking of sowing and planting, it is degrading
to £ame and reputation, and a check to progress,
and rarely does one engaj^ in it fail to be
despised, or enjoy the blessings of mental tran-
quillity, ,^XaGl\^ * Ar^^ ^^^ ^^3
Villain, ^^jjyJi «Aarfr, ^JJL 8hakl, ijj
danl. See Scoundrel, Bascal, Hogue;
aho Villanous.
Villanous, J^\3 fatid, jijJlt 8harlr, ,^Ji
kahlh. See Base, Wicked, Vile, Ma-
lignant [^Li hikol kahdhat.
Villanously, jLJ J^ hikol fudd, J^
Villany,villanousnes8, jLui/oidi, Jl».LJ
kahdhat (pi. ^U kahdyih). See De-
pravity, Baseness, Vileness, Wickedness.
68
TIO
( 1074 )
YIR
Viiicible(conquerable)y «-,.>«U;2 yunghdUh,
Vindicate, v. (joBtify),^ harrar. See
Defend, Sapport, Protect, Maintain;
Berenge, Avenge; Assert, Claim. —
To vindicate oneself, %jji\j aSI>- ij^S^
khaUat hdlaho hU ^tnr.
Vindicated, i^ maharrartj^Jjt^ ma^%ilr.
Vindication, j^ tabrlr, ^Jj Usakiyah^
Vindicator, «. jS:ju% mu^ioir.
Vindictive, M\^ muntakim, ^^\Ssj\
intikdml. See Bevengeful.
Vine, t. ^^kmm (pi. /^j^ karUm)^ iJi\j
Vinegar, JU- khaH. [ddliffah.
Vineyard, «. a^T karm. A vineyard
newly planted, Jo J^ a^ karmjadld.
Vintage, fc^lkS ib'^d/. To gather in the
vintage, u-iLS ibto/l
Vintager, uJlLS ib^M/.
Vintner, «. jUi£>« khammdr, [ribdh.
Viol, «. (musical instrument), c^Vj
Violable, |^^^^a:31 ,j^Lk^ mumkin annakd,
^jokij yunkad.
Violate, v. (injure, hurt), ^l>. khdlaf,
^joAJ nakad; (to ravish or deflower),
C^^Aa<«A.^/«faA; (to break),
^**^ fasakh. To violate an agreement,
^jo^ nakad, S^\ \^ fatakh al ^dhd.
Violated (injured), (^^>^^ mazlum,j^^L<i
makhur. See Oppressed. — (ravished),
* c- -. ^ munhatik, A violated woman,
mafduhah. Violated (as an
agreement), ^jeSx^^ muntakid, ^joyAU^
mankud, ^yuJ^^ mafsHkh,
Violation, Ji? ««/w, ^^ j'dhr. See
Inj ury, Violence. — (ravishment), jlicj \
tbtikdr. See Kape. — (infringement of
agreements, etc.), ^JaSJ nakd, '^
^Xe^l faakh al wa^.
Violator, f. (injurer), .Us*- jMar, J\
wSXim. A violator of agreements, Ji
nakid, J^l '^MfUikh al ^aki.
Violence, j^j %awr, -^ jakr, jfrj^'
4^«X«? ta^addf, j^j raghm^ h l&i
See Violation, Injury, Force, Outrsji
Oppression, Tyranny; Attack, AaBcL
Murder ; Vehemence. — To offer :
commit violence, ,m^^jalar. 2^ tela
See Oppress, Violate. — So nov his sos! vi
restored to him, after he had thovght \ss.
at the point of destnictioB by reasoa d a
violence of his fear, ^^^^ ^ ^-j
Violent, JjjJ» ihadfdy ^^um», ^-
(passionate), <■- fyar ghaiai. A"*-
lent wind, (.^Ic ^j HA 'M^f- ^
Tempest. — To lay violent hands J
himself) ^l»- (Jii katal halah.
Violently, \j^jahrant )j^ kakra. y\
Tempestuous. — And then he examropi*'^
his ejes the writing, and he found it tc> V: i
of his daughter ; whereupon he vert ' i
mother, weeping violently, so that bi* >■>
• was wetted, )aser \j^\j3 \^^ i^-^- '
Violet, ». ^**^ hana/saj. [• .
Viper, 8. jJiil t/*t<»'» Vipers, j-
Virago, «. ^d^ S\^l amraakfaJdsi
Virgin, «. U*Xc ^azrd(pl. c5;'*x: tdsr*
See Maid. — Vii^n, ^^ Wr. *
Maiden. [^^
Virginity, IjMi hakdraL See ibi>i
Virtual, jJuL^ mukaddar, J^J -
i^yjt^ 97ui&9iat9t, ^S;^ jihiUi, J;J
gharltl, t^jib^ jawharl. Seek:*
Virtuality. See Virtue, Efficacy.
Virtually (in effect), i3\3 J f\ *^
VIS
( 1075 )
VIS
5^U\
rtue (moral goodness), aLmoj faMah.
See Excellence, Probity, Bectitode,
Piety, Goodness. — (efllcacy, power,
Intrinsio qnality), ^^t> 2^ hkwat
tatiyah, ^U- khdauyah. SeeBravery,
Goarage, Valor.— Magnetic Tirtue, iy
^il^^ kawat al jdzibah; (without
power or efficacy), ^Ui^lsw lb hUd khdi*
siyah. By yirtne of a royal order,
^^UaUl^l c--**uflsr hi hasdb amr at
9uUan, By virtae of, ^^c>-^^ hi
mujib. Please listen to my naTration, which
is verj strange, which moves to tears, and at
the same time provokes smiles. I am a man
whose virtues are exempt from any defect, and
about whose glory and immcDse merits there
is no doubt, u».^/y^ ^li ^^j*x^ «-4-i\
irtuous (good), Jjli fddil, ^U sdlih
(fern. lai\^ idlihat). See Good, Pious,
Excellent. — (chaste), lyt^ idhirat,
m *
irtuously, iL^ JCj hikol fadllah ;
(chastely), iks. J^ hikol Jffah.
''irulence (poison), ^^^iscmm. See Venom.
''irulent (poisonous), ♦am^ mmtmm\ (ma-
lignant),^^ ifuurir.
''inilently (poisonously), ^\i hissamm ;
(malignantly), jduJ hisharnn.
''isage, ^^ wajh. See Face.
^iscid, viscous (glutinous, thick, tena-
cious), fjjJ deheh, A viscous plant
(producing bird-lime), J^i J dihk.
Viscidity, viscosity, J;j J dahak.
risibility, visibleness, j^ xtiAfir.
risible, j^cl:>^ moiMBflr, -^^ wrf A,^lb
tdhir^ Ja:i\ JjU kdhil annatir. See
ConspicuooB, Open, Apparent.
Visibly, ^Ib ^y hiwajhin idhir, \^\fe
%dhira9^,j^a:>^cyj hi fiaw^n mantikr.
Vision, fOi hatar, Sj^^a) haiirah, irjJblu^
mtif Ad^MloA, jaj fuuar. See Sight. —
(a phantom), d^i<«Jb^ »jya iUrat wah-
miyat, JU^^ khiydh See Spectre. —
Visions, CL^Hl^ khiydldL
Visionary (imaginary), ^Lfl^ hhiydh^
^jy^ toai^t^irf, Ji^^O^ mutakhayyH,
Visionary (man), #. ^j>-)'^i<i3}^, ^^
mift^frl 3t7 rHyd walwaki.
Visit, r. (pay a visit), M %dr. If your
promise of an actual interview be false, grant
the lover a tdte-a-tete or a visit in sleep. But
how, they replied, can the phantom present
itself to the eye of a person firom whom sleep is
banished? *jl)Jj J-^jJ^ ^^-^ j^l^ ^^
jyf^^ ^y^^^ ^'^^ ' ^^^ she said to
him, 0 my brother, how art thou and how are
my mother imd the daughters of my uncle ?
And he said to her, O my sister, they are well,
in prosperity and great happiness, and nothing
is wanting to them but the sight of thy beauti-
ful face; do us then the honour of paying us a
visit, c:i3U UtJ ^\ b ^ LsJUi
jJ^ (Jac laa^^ j^, ^^ ^\ ^^^ *
Visit, 8. ij\ij ziydraL A place of visita-
tion (as the tombs, etc., of celebrated
men),^i|j^ matdr. See Pilgrimage.
Visitation (affliction, punishment),
ih^^Jju ta^lh, <0^A£ ^uk&hat.
Visitant, visitor, «. jAj tdyir. A visitor
or inspector, ^Jt:iiu% mufattiih,
Visaal, ^Jia> noMfi. See Optical. —
The visual faculties, ^«aJ1 iy kikwai ol
hatar. See Vision.
voc
( 1076 )
VOL
Vital (having w oontuning life), ^^
hay\ (giving life), ^^^*«^mii^; (re-
lating to life), i^b jLc/t rnnAi^t^
lU hayah. The vitfd powers, ^^j
Vitiate, r. JuJl af$ad. See Spoil, Gor-
rapt; also Violate, Deflower.
Vitiated, Jywi^ mafiud, c,.^^.^ ma^yili,
Ju»li/!UtJ. [Gormption, Violation.
Vitiation, vitioeity, jUi fiuad. See
Vitioug, JurfU /diidf jijJ^ sharir. See
Vicious. L*y^fi'
Vitreous (consisting of glass),
Vitriol, y-2fiL\ ^j %aj (Miar. Spirit of
vitriol, JasiS -ji^l ofTfiA td a^m.
A vitriol mine, ^j ^^^m^ ma^n »dj,
Vitriolate, vitriolated (consisting of or
impregnated with vitriol), t^]j ^fi-
Vivacious, vivid. See Lively, Sprightly.
Vivid (as colours), J^jU- ^^ laum hddik.
Vivacity, vividness, vivaciousness, jjj»a
^Ifjl^ iurHr wa tbtiksj. See Live-
liness, Sprightliness. [Revive.
Vivify, vivificate, ^<*^^ •*y«'- See
Vivific, yj^ muhyi.
Vivification, \^\ ihy&.
Viz, videlicet, ^jjq yaM, ^j^\ aM.
Vizir, $. (minister of state),^J^ wazlr
(pi. \jj^ waiiord). The grand vizir,
fia^\jlj^\ al UHtilr al a^%am. The
dignity of vizir, ij\j^ watdrat Most
honoured vizir, (^^^jij^y^j*^ <^«^-
latln tnMT mufaihiAam, Your Ex-
cellency (to a vizir), fS^**^ dawlatkum.
Vocabulary, «. ^tUt i^\s^ hitdh al loghah.
Vocal, vJ^ Mowtl,
Vocation (calling by the will of God),
" kJ aQl i^J da^wat aUdh ta^dla\ I
Vocative (part of speech), 4^oU^l §1
muudda\ A vocative partide, (-3;^
1 jjf harf annidd. [Outcry.
Vociferation, ^1^ ««rdU. See Clamour,
Vogue, (^ %ay. See FaabioOy Mode.
Voice, LZJ^ sawU
Void, ^U. hhali. See Empty, Yaeoat
—(null, vacated), ^y**^^ mnMkk,
Jt\) Uiil, J^, hatM.
Void, «. i^ khald.
Void, V. (leave empty), ,^-33 faddi^ ; (to
make nuU), JL\ ahiai. See Nullify,
Abolish, Abrogate, Bepeal. — (to poor
out), u,.^d takab. See Shed.
Voided (emptied), ^^U^ ikoM, 1^
mukhaUa\
Voidness, Ll khald. See Emptiness.
Voiture, «. See Carriage.
Volatile, volant (flying Arongli the sir\
jU? idyir. [See Ficklenen, Levity.
Volatileness, volatility, ^^^ Idyaroji.
Volcano, t. jU fj^jabal ndr.
Volubility (of speech), XliL^ wnmaiaUi;
(mutability, liableness to change), i»«Xf
ctjIJ ^4kfam M^S^.
Volume, f . jL^ MujdHad. A book cf
two volumes, ^t^^p^ 4^1:.^ htai
mujaUadayn.
Voluntarily, J^^ l^]j^ JCj hiiol trids-
tin tea iba^a/, jUir>-^ J^ hiiol HMyar,
Voluntary, ^^LifiUl ikhtiydri.
Volunteer, «. (soldier), ^ jl^U ^j.
^askari hi irddatiki.
Voluptuary, «. {aho voluptuous),
i^^ idhih iht^ai, (^^th^
SjJL^^ idhib ^yih wa ^i$kraL
Voluptuously, miCj ijxj biJtel <mmcc
^Luii {^f^ biihahwuttn na^
Voluptuousness, U^ safil, mjcJ kma^^
VOY
( 1077 )
WAI
xiit, V. 9Jo^^ Uiafraghf j3^ natah.
cnit, Tomition, i. (act of Tomiting),
:. \yc>^\ Utifrdgh. A. Tomit or emetici
Jfix^ munaittk.
racioas, J^ akkil, Jll^ aikdL
te, 9. i^\ssxji\ CJy^ sawt alitUtihdb,
Vo vote, v-^rcU^ intahhdb.
»tiTe (given by vows), j[*«X2^ fnamUr.
»ach, V. i^^Jl Mitf^. See Attest, Prove.
>acbed| C^^^ nuuhut. See Proved.
>ucher, ijlfl ihahddat, JJj AiAJ.
See Proof, Witness,
^uchsafe, r. .^w« immaA, ^^^ «0iiuiAy
^Jl£ aa31 tfit^afn ^a2t»'. See Permit,
Grant, Condescend, Deign,
ouchsafement, ifj\s^\ tjdxah. See Grant,
Permission, Condescension.
ow, «.jjJ fuasr (pl« jj^i^ nm&r). Any-
thing dedicated to God in consequence
of a vow, j^tXi^ manzHr, A vow to
sin no more, ^^f tatohah. Bestore my
lieart to my breast as it was, and let my ejres
sleep agaJA, and tken forsake me. Do yoa think
that the nights hare changed the tow of
lore? May he cease to lire who ehangeth,
^ow, v,jdJ nmar. See Promise*
i^j>- harakat. Vowel points or marks
used to denote the short vowels to be
pronounced with the consonant, i^\j^^
a^db, c^l^^ harakdt. To mark
(Arabic) with vowel points, ^^^
*jLi^j^\ wada^ai hartAdt.
Toyage, i,j^\jL» wfar oL bahr. Every
one who heard of his arriTal came to him, and
inquired of him respecting the state of the
▼oyage, and the state of the different conntiies,
i» ji
and he informed them, ^^ Jj^ jL^j
Yulcano. See Volcano.
Yolgar, /•U ^dm; (mean, low),
haHi^r. The vulgar, {jJJ^\ /^^yc- ^wdm
annds, ^^^^ awbdih. See Plebeians,
Commonalty, Mob. [ness.
Vulgarity, 9j\S^ hahdrat. See Mean-
Vulgarly, ^^W ^Jti J.>»ti"M.M^ Uf hamd
mutta^mal bayin anndt, \^y%X' ^ttmiZ-
man. See Commonly.
Vulnerable, rj?^ yanjarih.
Vulture, i. y*^ tuur (pi. jymJ nuiur).
The falling vulture (a star), ^^mJ\
^1^1 annatr al trdib'^.
W.
W is expressed in Arabic by ^ ; as (ji^*^
muwdjik, ' conformable,' etc. [Jester.
Wag, «. iji!**^ moikharah. See Droll,
Wage, r. (war), <— ^l>- hdrab.
Wager, «. \pjJ^ shart, ^j rahn.
Wager, r. ^\j rdhan.
Wages, ^j]l£ ^tJu/aA, Xj>'\ ujrah. See
Salary, Pay, Stipend. — ^Monthly wages,
ir^luA.^ mashdharah. Daily wages^
A^j£ yawmiyah.
Wagon, #. i^jC ^aba. See Cart
Wail, V, .U ndh. See Lament, Bewail,
Hoan. — Then I began to weep and wail for
myself until Tezation overpowered me, and I
hlamed myself for that which 1 had done, and
for having undertaken this voyage and fatigue.
V/-*-' ^ C^l> L!^^ ^J^ 4^ (^
Wain, dL^^ ^aba. See Carriage.
WAI
( 1078 )
WAS
•' •
Wait, r. (stay, remain, deiaj), uJ«y
tawakkaf. Wait for (with expectation),
Jei:j\ inUnar, ^^y iarauod^j^ $ahar.
See Stay, Watoh, Expect— To wait
npon (as a servant), aJc^ ihadttm.
See Serve, Attend. — (to visit),j|j %&r.
Wait (ambush), ^j^ hammXn,
Waiter, 9. (servant), a jU- kh&dm.
Waiting-woman, «. ^jle^ khddimdh.
See Maid-servant
Wake, waken, v. (rouse another ftom
sleep), laAjl aykai. To wake, be awake,
or be awakened, iaA^\ %$iaykai. See
Watch.
Waked, laL:^ mf^aiUtiB.
Wakeful, ^JbL •dAfir, (^]^ Mhran^
laAjr^i*^ ivNM^ayibfk, la^^i^ mutayakkin.
See Watchful, Vigilant
Wakefulness,^ «aJW»r,^fJ1 ij^ Imarat
asiahar. Distant is the place (I seek), and my
patience has failed. How can I advance to
ner (to my heloved) over the abyss of the sea P
Or how can I be patient when my ritals are
consumed by Iotc of her, and I have eKchaoged
sleep for wakefulness? a^^j]j^1^
Walk, V, iJ^ «wiAl. See Go, Move,
Come, Travel, Pass. — After that I arose and
stood «p, a&d walked about the ishind to the
right and to the left, unable to sit in om place,
King said to her, And how do they walk in the
sea without being wetted f And she said. We
walk in the sea as you walk upon the land.
Walk (the act of walking), ^J^ moihL
'W'ftiker, t. ^U mdihl.
Walking-staff, «. W ^asa. See Staff.
Wall, «. ko- %^. Hie walls of a tovn
or castle, jJJ^jj-j <ur al h^lmd, j.w
^Luiiil tfir al bU^Mh. See Bampart
Fortification.
Wall, V. (incloee with walls), ^^Ua^^ Jc
J^ ^affioZ Al^an hoitoi; (to fortiff
with walls), ^f><a>- Aomcw.
WaUet, «. J--JJ Mniil, J^^j- «*««;.
See Sack, Bag.
Wallflower, Jij/ htmm/uL
Wall-louse, ^^Uau^l ^hakal klidm, J:
Wallow, r. (roll on the ground, in tbe
mire, etc), i^ tammrra§h. See BoH
Walnut, «, Zj^ jawukh (pi. <^^5;*=r
/(m^Q; (coUec.) J^ yaira.
Wan,^iip\ oifar. See Pale. — ^To grow
wan, X0I m/^.
Wander, v, (ramble about)»^^(3 dor.
Wandering, ptLri. and A^f*. ^^^ myyar-
Wandering in mind, adj. ,jj<^>» siattf-
hayyir, <o^r*^^ ^i^an. Wandering
in mind, «. JJ^ Uraidud. See Ir-
resolution.
Wane (decline), J];^J s^t^i, ^jti^ nab,
^UoAJ fi«ibd». See Decreaae, Decay.
Want, V. (long or wish for), jjt-i'
M^i^ ; (to need, he in want of), ^^
lA^'; (to he deficient or wanting],
fjas\j jLtf «dr ttdifcw ; (to be neoeasaiy }.
\^j^j^j^ *dr iforflrf.
Want (wish), ^J^^ ffharad; (need),
gence), <uC>^^ mMiffiuiA. See PoTertj«
Penury. — (deficiency), ijaaj nab,
^LaAJ nuksdn. Then the old woman
■aid to her, 0 my mxstresa, I saw (« dream) a
mj sleep, as though a man came to me^ aadttid
to me : Thj mistrea and the son of the Siat
lore each other; therefore naa^ge their
WAR
(1079)
WAB
ifTain, carry tlieir letters, accomplish their
iraat6, conceal their case, and Jceep their
secrets; so wilt thou experience immense
;ood fortune, (J Ju^jL J^^l l^ ci^Uj
^^^j I^^Lj^ L5^^i Uj^^ L5**'>^
anting (defective), ^^U nd^M. See
Deficient.
antonnessy iyiJ^ ahahwat. See Las-
civiousnefls, Licentioasness.
ar, *^j^- harh. See Hostility, Fight,
Battle — Wan,L^tij9-huruh, d^L^W*
muhdrdbdt, A holy war, a war against
infidels, t^^i^ j'ihdd. And they went
thence to the second chamher, and opened a
closet in it; and lo! it was filled with arms, and
weapons of war, consisting of gilded helmets,
Dravidian coats of mail, Indian swords, lances
of Khatt Hejer, maces of Khnwaresm, and
many other instruments of war and hattle,
iJLjf\j -Ub i^ ^ \3\i AJ lj\j:S^
cr^^^rKj
i^jj
j;^'
ty*HH
bjJl
''ar or make war, r. ^->;^ h&rab.
^arble,v. J^ iagharrad, Jy tarannam.
See Sing. [Singer,
''arbler, s, &^P^ mutarannim. See
''ard, V, ward off, ^c ^1 J ddfa^ ^a».
See Gaard, Protect, Defend,
^ard, s, (young person under guardian-
ship), A^ yatim (fern. ^U^ ya/fmaA).
See Pupil, Orphan. Ihd/atah,
hardship (guardianship), Alailsr^ mu'
harden, s. ^^ «u«I, liiU- /i(S/£s,^U
nasir, (jw«^^ h&rw. See Guardian,
Keeper. — ^The warden or bead man,
^j^\ amln. See Chief.
Wardrobe, ». ij\y>^ khizdnah.
Ware, JU mdl, ^^Ui kumdsh.
Wares, Jf^^ amwdl, lic^\ amti^at,
•• s
^lu4^) akmUhat. See Goods.
Warehouse, «. ^o/^ makhtan. See Store-
house, Bepository. [See Caution.
Warily. See Cautiously. — Wariness.
Warlike (skilled in or fit for war), l^J^^^
muh&rtb\ (military, belonging to war),
^^ Karhl, Warlike accoutrements,
4^^1 (ulihah. See Accoutrement.
Warm, .U. hdr. See Hot. — A little
warm, Jjlsju^ mu^tad%l\ (ardent,
zealous), jj^ ghayyur.
Warm, v. ^jiy' sakhkhan. See Heat.
Warmly (with heat), $j\jSsr,Hhardratin;
(pa8sionately,angrily), w^a^ JCf hikol
yhadah; (zealously, ardently), Sj^ JiCj
hikol ghayrah.
Warmness, warmth (heat), ^^j^ hard-
rat ; (passion, choler), c, lu-ii gfiadab.
See Zeal, Passion, Enthusiasm.
Warn, ». jls** khabhar, ^J-c iJj nahhah
^ala\ See Admonish, Notify.
Warned, ^«^ ^bv« i»a^^ ^Ao&ir.
Warning, i, ^^ khabar, ^^.y* 7 ^an^lA ;
(advice), A^:^ iumI Aa^. See Admoni*
tion. — And warning by public examples has
been clear and evident for thee, but thou wast
blind to it ; and truth demonstrated to thee, but
thou hast controverted it; and death suggested
to thee, but thou soughtest to forget it; though
it was in thy power to do good, thou hast not
done it, (j:.^>^ljci j^\ uXl CL-^lnfO
Warp (of cloth), yjfX^ 9ada\ See Woof.
Warp, V, (bend, become crooked), ^
"WAT
Mtote^'. See Bend, Twist, Torn. —
To oaoae to be warped, ~^ ^motoej.
Warped, warpt, ^jo-^ mu^awwaj, i^-xsL*
mwthanJ. [^talai, Ate.\ i^ldm.
Weirant, t. (commiBaion or order), i_iUr
"Warrant, v. (gi re authority), i„jas*-j r*W-
tiai; (to exempt, secure privilc^),
i^\tuuAf ^malahomu^f; (toprove,
attest), ^JiJ^ harhan. See Justify.
Warrantable.Jj^- ydyu, l^^miU/* nwid-
lih, fj^ lAyii, J1L»- hal&l, ,*-^^
thar^ijj^ rttubarrar, «;^J-J1 *-;-»;»-lj
Kijib attatkiyh. See Eight, Proper,
Just, Justifiable. [nUtahai.
WarrBDtableness, J^^yowdx, iL^\:-* mti-
Warrantsbly, JH^b hil haldl
Warranted (lawful), iJy^ thar^, J1U»-
halat. See Warrantable.— (authorised),
\je^f* muralil^a*; (proved), i-^j^
nathiki, J^AC* mal/al.
Warrsntise, warranty (authority, com-
missioii). See Warrant — (security),
4\ii kaf&hh.
Wsrnor, «. i^j^ ghsti, J.&W* mtt/'ehad,
Jlv batal. See Soldier.
Wary, jjii^'* muklaxir. See Cautions.
Was, J^ldn. Ho wasrioh, ^jJ. J^jb
Atl kan ghani.
Wash.v. J^kiyAaM/. To wash tlie body,
Jmu taghattai. See Bathe. — A wash
or a washing, J^^i yAoiJ.
Washed, ^}yi^^ tnagkiUl.
Washer, i. JjIc gkitil. A washer of
linen, )l-d3 kaitSr. Elee Bleacher. — A
washer of dead bodies, Jluc gheuAl.
Washing, part. ,J-.U ghitil.
Wasp, (. ^wj nmifir.
Waspish. See Uali -
Waspishnesa. See '
Wast,i^.*.o/^Mtr.Kri bk.' Te
wast, i,z~^ i.=^1 ontlwifjfen.c-
i^,..;i^ Bfi/t haUi. And the !(>%
tbe home imUed uid laid : Sh* ilu ^
aftme u liks mine, but I Amrt IhU &.•.
ue hsu the Tcnci that thoovMndtui'j
thou wast at the door, h_<^U •-
dLjJI
■>.A,
Waste, p. (consome unnecessarilj), ^^
Mraf, \—iiJ talaf. See Destnj, Sjce
Waste (desolate, nncnltinled], iJ-
Uurab, i^jjS^ vuiArHh. BeeDcE
aiio Useless, Superfluous.
Waste (consumption), i^\j IbHm
(unnecessary expeDditnre),wj|^ i^-
Wasted, i_J^^.»^ ma*r«/.
Wasteful, waster (larish, pro^-
«««./. i'
Wastefully (prodigally), uJ|;-' w^:«
WastefUness, i_*1^1 Mrd/.
Watch, «. (not to sleep),^ **" "
observe), jkj tutor, ld»J ''i^ '
See, Look, Tiew.— (to berigilt;'
attentive), mJ tayaUiM.
Watch, wetchmas, t. j^_)^ iim, -i-
nd^iir; (attention, obeervatioB;,'**^
mulshatak. See WatchfiiliK*' i
Watch or dock, aaLi nl^dii.
Watched, jjla:M« maniir. '
Watcher,*, (onewhoobsemstranc-
seer, W
Watchful,
See Wa
Watchful!
iniih&hii
CareAiU
WAV
(1081)
WAT
ratclifalness, »\sj\ mt^h, ^laaJLt mu-
lahatah, >r>^ hatlrat See Yigilanoe,
GaatioD, Attention.
ratching. See Watchful, Tigilant. Too
much watching,^;fJt^^^«ir M^aAor.
Matchmaker, (JULs %^M\.
rater, U wfl. Bunning water, s^j^ ^
ma jdrl. Water flowing in the form
of a chain, JLJui salsdl, J.j.mhI.,1 sal'
sabll. See Meander. — Stagnant water,
*\^\p^ U majdmid,jy^ ghadlr. See
Ditch, Marsh, Pool.— Pure or clear
water, Jlj swteJ. Bosewater, Jj^ U
md t^ari. A carrier or drawer of water,
iLd Bokkd, A water-closet, ^ Uw c-^ jt
oiad ib^ikf, (^jUl c:^^ &a^^ a/ a<^&.
Any place through which water passes,
U fjijff tarik ma. See Canal, Conduit.
— Barley water,^AAMJl t« md ashsha^ir.
Honey water (a kind of mead or me-
theglin), Jj^\ L< md al ^asal. Bain
water, J^ t« md maiar. A water*
wheel (for watering fields, gardens,
etc.), ^->ilJfc3 duldhf \^\j£' gharrdf.
A water-melon, Am««s^ jahcua, ^laJ
^,rr<.l 5a^ai^ ai&AiJtfr. See Melon.—
Water-gmel, Ult <0j|^ shUrahat al
md. See GrueL . [rash md.
ITater, r. (sprinkle with water), t« ^j
^ateriness, XoL« mdyiyaty ^.^j rtUnhat
See Moisture, Humidity.
rave, *. — ^ mat^y (pi. ^'^^ amwdj).
The danger of the waves, ^y%i\Jia:>'
khatar al amwdj. The agitation of the
waves, P9^y^ tamawwuj. The dashing
of the waves, ^^y'i^ fio^ ialdtum al
amwdj. The dashing of the waves,
and the agitation of the stormy sea,
^^^\^^ j^lbj ^^i\ ^\ji iardkum
ul amvxii tM taJatmn al hahr al mewmii.
There arose against ub a contrary wind ; the
sea was greatly agitated ; the waves were like
high monntains fighting together: we despaired
of our life ; the most obscure darkness came to
cover us, and I said to myself, He who risks
his life is blameable, even if he esct^e with it,
£jj Jul JuU^ LJbC ^^J-j^ i^^ ^
Wave, V. (heckon hy waft or signal),
Ui ghamofi.
Waver, r. (he unsettled or inconstant),
j\ - -^^ lAWr, OJ^ taraddad. See
Fluctuate.
Waverer, «. J J^ c.^*..«»-U <dAtB taraddud.
Wavering, fl<^'. c-^^ko^ muttarib, JJji^
mutaraddid. See Inconstant.
Waving, wavy (rising in waves), ^^^^^^
Wax, iu^«^ skam^. Bees-wax, ^Jii
J^M*£ «^m^ ^al. A wax candle,
^umJ« sham'^a. A candle of campho-
rated wax, «^j^^ t^ <Aflw^ kdfuri.
Sealing wax, yi^^-l w»^ «Aam^aAmar.
A wax candle maker, oSXlt skammd^.
Wax, V. (cover or smear with wax),
Waxed, ^aJL^ mushamma^.
Waxy, L^M-S* «^»i^f.
Way, i. fjija tarik. See Road, Path.—
(method, maimer), ^j wajh, A^ioj
nitdm, J^y^ minufdl, 2r«XclS ^^u^A.
See Mode, Custom, Practice. — ^A high-
way, .•U j;^^ ^arl* ^a«. See High-
way.—A railway, JJ^\ fjijc tarik
al haild. The milky way, /•^acLll ^\
umm anfmjiim\ (to guide or convert
morally or religiously), Jul^ rashad.
In the way of the Lord, aU\ J^;^ t^t
WEA
( 1082 )
WKA
/I 9ahll %ttah$. In a lawful way,
9j^\ Cy '^*i«'v7 hi hatab aththar^, [ejJt»
9har^an, A loDg way off, Juju ha^id.
To be in the way (to be an obstacle),
^U mdna^, ^jOjl^ ^rad. "Ways, j^k
iMrA. He rose from his Bleep, and hsTine
performed the morning prayers, mounted ana
repaired to attend upon the 8nltan, and he
passed in his way by the door of the palace,
Wayfarer, «. Jts-fM*)^^^ ihn asuihlh See
Trayeller.
Wayfaring, JLm^ musdfir.
We, ^^pT naAn, U\ uind. And we fear
to demand her in marria|^ of her ftther,
for he would reject u^ as he has rejected
others ; and we are animated with feelings of
honour : so we should return broken-hearted,
Weak, v,J^iL^ dld^f/, >-l£ ^djiz. See
Feeble, Langaid, Infirm, Impotent. —
Weak in mind, Ji«]\ (— fl«^ da^f al
^akl. See Foolish, Spiritless, Impru-
dent ; Soft, Silly, Pliant.— Weak ar-
guments or premises, 4Jblj (JL;Lt«xL«
mukaddamdt wdhiyat. Weak in faith,
^UjHI u.Qj.t.^ ^'^^!/^ ^ Im'Sn. Weak
in knowledge, iAjKAi\ j^^jlJi da^lf al
ma^rtfah.
Weaken, v, l^caJ da^^af.
Weakly (feebly), iy h htld kuwat, JCj
i^wJt hihol da^f.
Weakness (of body), uJm da^f,
^ja». Weakness of mind, Ji^JI
du^f al ^M,
Weal. See Happiness, Prosperity.
Wealth, iljj dawUt, JU »id/(pL ^]\y\
amw&l)f^j^lfhana' oryAwia'.SeeRiches,
Goods, Property; Opulence.— Hcr-
ditary wealth, C^j^ |JL« aidZausr*
rUM. Ill-got wealth, a}j9^ JU Mi
JUrajn. And he poaieiwcd abnndmt wealth ad
ample fortune, and died when I warn a T«csr
child, leaTing to me wealth tad bnildiBfi sad
villages, J\yjj.^ JU **Xi£ ^,li.
UL^^ \;L£c^ 3U _J • O tboa who
lookest upon povertj as" if it were a dia^raet.
wilt thou not be admonished F Thedi^nce k
wealth is greater. If thoa take it iato c<.«-
sideration, thou wilt peroeiTe that poTertr hss
an immense adranta^ and BapenontTow
wealth, as thou disobeyeit God to beeone ncL
whilst thou dost never disobey God to faerx-Br
poor! c_,~« *^ j;; Jll^l
'•
c
Wealthily, ^ jCj hihol ghanif.
Wealthy, ,^:x yAtfiif . See Bich, Opnko-
Wean, v. (put from the breast), J=f
faiam.
Weaned, (^^^^ maflikm.
Weapon, «. iS\ alat (pi. cl?JT aldi,.
^Li wteA (pi. isr^l MlfAaf). See
Arms, Sword, Spear, Arrow.
Wear, wear out, v. (a garment, ^tc .
^Li katta^ To wear or be clothec
with, jjmJ /ffitt. And when I gicv
up, I put my hand upon the whole of :>
proper^, ate well and drank well, aswdsM
with the young men, and made myself hei8B>
ful by wearing handsome apparel, and walked
with my friends and companions, Ul:
Wear, wearing (clothing), , j»U /ibid^
See Apparel.
WEE
( 1083 )
WEI
sarinesSi wearisoraeneasy Lm^ ta^^
xc ^ana. See Fatigae, Languor.
3ai7, wearied (fatigued), ^J^ ta^n.
?o weary (tire, fatigue), u^i^^ ta^cob ;
to be or grow fatigued), c»^ir7 U^eh.
Lnd I rejoiced at my arriTal at that town,
leing wearied with my walking, anxious,
ad, and pallid. My condition being thus
hanged, I knew not whither to direct mysslf,
/J
j\ J^ * ^U d
* jl^iitf S\j
jasel, or Scythian or Tartar weasel, «.
the sable or marten), jy^^ sammUr.
?he white weasel of Tartary (the
rmine), ^iU kakum,
ioiher (state of the atmosphere), il\^
^\ halat al hawd, \yb hawd ; (season),
^y mawsam. See Sky, Wind, Eain,
tc. To weather out (endure), J-«c^l
htamal, ^^ao^ tdhammal, j^a %abar,
)ave, V. 0^ nasaj, 4l^I>- hayyak.
^aved, -p.^M*i^ mansuj.
^aver, «. vJJoU- hdyih^ <^^ hayydk.
?he weaving art, ^luJ ntudjat.
^b,«. (of cloth), ^U^ lukmai. A spider's
reb, c:^^JLa]\ ^^ na«; a7 ^ankahut.
;d, 17. ^JiJ tawwaj. See Marry. A
redding, (jw^ ^«rt. See Marriage,
idded, '<^^J^ mu%atffwaj\ See Married,
sdge, «. ^;aA^ M/t». A wedge or
1 ass of metal, i.i.;^ ioblkai. See Ingot,
idlock, (jM^ ^«^<* See Marriage,
tdnesday, \MjJi\ a^ yniom a/ arha^d,
>ek, «. 9 ^f^^ oa^il^ (pi. ^«;^^i oidbl^).
lekly (every week), f^^ tK i«^<M8*t '
Dnce a week), 2yi iJi^^ J^ koljum^h
zftrrah.
Weep, r. (shed tears), ^J Jomma^,
^^ i^oifef or iaifea' . See Cry, Lament. —
And his wife said to him, Why do«t thou weep,
0 my lord? Who mad© thee cry, and what
made thee cry, and what is the cause of this
violent weeping? \jH, iss>^^j ^ ^^^
43J JuuJ\ O \sib v....^^
Weeping, part. ^U hdkl. A weeper,
^\} hdhi. And they said to him,
What is the news, and what makes thee weep ?
Thou hast troubled f worn out) our life by tny
weeping. It seemeui that thou hast conceived
a longing to see thy mother and thy country,
Weigh, V. (examine by the balance), ^j^
wazan. To cause to weigh, ^^ woman.
Weighed, ^^jy tnaw%lln.
Weigher, #. ^|j^ wavidn.
Weight, iy toflww^ (pi. ^^j^\ auman or
ci^'Uj^ fOflJMidO. Of just weight, |*UJ
^jj\ tamdm al wmdn. A weight
(whatever is put into a scale for weigh-
ing anything), iju watnat. Marking
weights according to standard, jLc
^iydr. Weight(gravity, heaviness), JSJ
tiki; (authority, importance, power),
ijjjkudrat. When the Khaleefeh saw
it, he felt its weight, and found it to be heavr;
and he gave a hundred pieces of gold to the
fisherman, who went away: while Mesroor,
assisted bj Jaafar, took up the chest, and
conveyed it, in company witn the Khaleefeh,
to the palace, where ther lighted the candles,
and placed the chest before the Khaleefeh,
^LJu *j^y s.^ lkl^\ hju Uli
Weightily (heavily, ponderously), Jij
WEL
(1084)
TTHA
Ja> Utol iiU; (importanflji power-
foUy), ij^i Si MM kudrat.
Weigh tiness (heavineBs), Jij tiki; (soli-
dity, foroe, importance), iy kUwai.
Weightj(hea77)yJ«A; «ai(i/; (important),
j^ji lOxim^ Af« muhim, Aji^ *f« mukim
wa IdMun,
Welcome (gratefQl,plea8ing), J ^^ mak-
huL To welcome, ci t— .^"^J tarahhah
^ dl^U ^draib 28^. A welcome, iL^
tdkniyai (pi. (Jiff ^dnl). Welcome !
yon are welcome ! L^/« markahd, !U\
)lfrf^ akJd Ufn takld. Then he washed
his hands, and thanked them for this ; and the
Master of the honse said, Thon art welcome,
and thy day is blessed : what is thy name, and
what is thy profession, ^ Jj Jdu*i ^\ jtJ
Welfare, ^^^ kkayr, 5j\ju» is^ddat.
Welkin, 9. \y^ kawd. See Sky.
Well, «.^ hlr, iS^^juhh. The wells
of Joseph, L.^^j^ hlr yuiuf. To
dig a well, j^^A». kafarhtr.
Well (in health), c^ iayyH, d^^c^
muta^dfi. See Healthy. — (happy),
Juju)«a^|j. See Portunate, Convenient,
Good. — To be or grow well (recover
from sickness), ^JL^ skefl, c^U? tdb.
Well, adv, aJu na^m, i.^^^ tayyih.
Well and lil^jJ^^j^ khayr wa ahar.
Well nigh, Ij^ lakrfhan, UU ykd-
laban, c^Ull ci fl alyhdlib. As well
as, Ci3jk^U^ ^md katalik.
Well-beiDg, 4]^J i^u^ZtvA, JlJt t>^(S/,
ifjU.j sa^ddatfj^ kkayr. See Pro-
sperity, Happiness.
Well-bred, uJj^ sart/. See Polite.
Well-natnred, L^jJiJA <^gj.U fafi/o/
mtukrah. See Good-natored. Et'^-
Well-done ! \ jl>- b yS kMnaa^ Jiiz
Well-favored, ^j***s^ kasan, ,J^^a^/aMi/.
Wench, ». aLmp M^yoA. See ICaid, Giii
Wept, A Ac j^inA"*^ mutaaaaaf ^^iayh
Had I wept before she did, in my pasBon O
Saada, I had healed mr sonl before mmtancf
came. But she wept oefore I did ; hs tern
drew mine ; and I said Ute merit bdongs w
the precedent, cl^^^ ljb\JL^ J«J p
f^sL^ j^i oJii ux*
Were, as we were, \I^ \a^ k^nd hmad.
If I were, \j\ uu^ j! ^tfw hmt «fti
Were it not, Hj) lawld. And irhai
she recoTered, she said to her, O widud «3d
woman, were it not for mj fesr of God
whose name be exalted ! I had kiBed tkn
West, «• ^-^/^ fnagkrib (pL (--^il«^ w-
ykdrih), ^-^f alykark. Going towirds
the west, «. <-r^/u tagharrak^ i»^ a
taykrth ; pari. L^jJt^^ mmgkmrti
West, westerly, western, ^j^yibirfc '
West, westward, westerly, ^*J'
i^yi\ lataraf al gkarb.
Wet, adj, c^j ro^ii. See Moist, Dam?.
Wet, wetness, ^^ rv/ftM, iy jJ Mi&'
waU See Moistore, WeL [Motstea
Wet, V. v.^ I ro^M, ^Jj JMid^*. See
Wharf, ^^^j(.« ma^ar.
What ? L^ %/. What is the moil-
ing? ^^:ji^\y^t« mdk^ al sw«Jm'
What is the advantage ? jfOjUSI ^'^
mdkl alfdyiddh. In what state ? ^'«''
JU- huty kdl. At what time? i:
what hour? uuJj ^\^ hiay w^H, ^^^.
^L> ^My idco^. Is not death thy
WHE
( 1085 )
VHE
doom? when then is thy preparation P Is
not thy hoary hair thy warning P what then is
thy excuse P Is not the grare thy resting-
place P What then wilt thou say P And art
thou not going to God P Who then shall plead
t . •
for thee? u«uj <— >jv.tr.j ^ a
Ci^ ^^ Ci^-.^ ^^ ^1^ . Were
it not for his accomplishments and admirahle
faithfalness, he had not heen inrested with
authority in the abode of kings. What an
excellent guardian for the hareem is he ! On
account of his beauty, the angels of heaven
Trait upon him ! ^Uj ^^^«m^ ^ j\J HjI
UJ\ cJlUl
«
^atever, whatso, whatsoever, ,^\ ay,
Le^ mahmd, \a1^ kollamd. If tboa
wilt do so, I will purchase of thee whateyer
oometh up for a hundred pieces of gold,
^^j^\ jit U^ cLCIj vjiJju J^
^heat, iL:^^- Aon^a, ^ kamh (braised
or boiled), J^^/ ^^9^"^^'
lieel, «. ^i^ lojala, sJj hahara. The
world like a wheel rolls round, wherein pleasure
with pain reTolyes. Now the youth soars above
the heavens, and now behola him low under
the stones, jj^aJI ^ j^Jj c^ljj^jjf
lieeled carriage, «. ^^^ ^araia.
hen (at the time that), t« Jki£ ^indamd,
i\ tz, Ul lamtnd; (after the time that),
L«Juu ha^damd. When? at what time?
hence ? (from what place), cJl:Jb ^
9tan i^ltfndifc; (from what cause), ^
.^^ J min salik, tJ»M>g»- ^ mtn hayi;
[consequently), Ci3 J J^ii //^ ajl
henover, wbensoeTer, Jf^ J^ holmar-
raA, u! lammd. See When. — ^When-
ever it may be possible, ^Jl^ Ul ^oi-
md yamkin.
"Where, ci.^f>- Aay#, ^\ ay». Where
are you going, ^j-ae:<j ^^1 Jl »^' tfy»
rdy^in. Every where, %-«^^ J^
61^0/ mawda^. The King then arose from bed
at the first dawn of day, took off his clothes,
unsheathed his sword, and went to the place
where the negro was lying, dXllt (^A3
• JuJl iLi ^^jj\ J^l. Where are the
kings and the builders of towns in the earth P
They have quitted that which they have built
and peopled, and in the grave they are pledged
for tneir past actions ; there, after destruction,
they have become putrid bones. Where are
the troops P they repelled not, nor profited.
And where is that which they collected and
hoarded P The decree of the Lord of Heaven
surprised them: neither riches nor refuge
saved them from it, ^j cJ^UJt ^
Whereabout, C>>^g»- Aay«. See Where.
Whereas, ^j lianna; (on the contrary),
^\ w« ma^an. See Since, On the
contrary.
Whereat, t jjb Jp-H %7 ^»d.
Whereby, ^^A ^^ min ayn.
Wherefore (for which reason), C^jJ
ligalik, tjjb J^H liajl hmd, J^l^
(JL^ J min ajl talih. Wherefore ? (for
what reason), IjU! limdzd. And he
put the royal crown upon his head, seated
himself upon the throne of his kingdom, snd
performed the affairs of the people, deciding
equitably between the strong and the weak,
and exacting for the poor man his due from
the emeer: wherefore the people loved him
WHE
( 1086 )
wm
exceedingly, ^^ CJ^^H ^
i\i ^U1 JLLi\
1,
V p-*-
d!l
Wherein, whereinto, whereto, where-
unto, 1 JJb 4 /» ^««» <-^^ dfiuUik,
^ fih%, IfJ /tAs. And he foand
-within the house a great garden, wherein he
beheld pages and uayes and ■enrants, and
other dependents, and such things as existed
not elsewhere, save in the abodes of idngs and
snltans, UlsjyyJ tS-'-J^ Jfii-^J *^y
iXjur;.^ \l^j Ijli!^ ^ j^j \^
Whereof, aS icjiSl a/^st /aAo.
M
Whereon, whereupon, ^uLt^^iJl a^Ml
^ahffhi. And then she pronounced some
words that I understood not : whereupon the
. locks fell off, and the gate opened, and she
went out, I still following her, without being
perceived by her, *^1 J /♦IKj ^,z^^a^^
Wherever, wheresoever, Ui*»- haysamd,
UjjI aymmd. That their meetings
are pleasant, and their minds tranquil; their
food is provided for them, and their times are
bright and cheerful ; that wherever they
alight they pick up, and wherever they make
an attack they gatner the spoil ; while there
is no country that they call their home, nor
any sovereign whom they fear ; but they are
like birds, tiiat go out in th'e morning empty,
and return home in the evening with a full
beUy, *i^/t j^^j *^^y^ jH^ ^^
\^J^\ UJlj^j ♦ \^ \^ Ujj^
Wherewith, wherewithal, Jtik^l^ ^^^
allazi batcasiiathi. Then approaching the
man, he said to him, 0 Sheykh, what is thine
occupation P 0 my master, answered the old
man, I am a flshennan, and Yatw^ a bmtj to
Tnnintain ; and I went foTtli from my bciBt &*.
noon, and have remained mtil bow, hot God
hath allotted me nothing wherewitb to oinaic
food for my household, therefore I havf bsted
myself, and wished for death, mSIj
Whet, 1^. jlsw ^du«f ^amo/oAo ^ai.
Whether, ^\ aw, ^JS ^^ t itidw. Whethw
true or false, Jklj /^\ ^J^ ^^ ^J «ia«
hat am hdttl.
WlietBone, t. ^^^^ mMaitii,
Whey, ^;-^l U md aljubn.
Which (i?rofi. rdatwe), ^^jJI j2»
(fem. ^\ oJ^^i, pi. masc ^^^^ •:-
teln). Till which time, <.=-ij ij^ ^
Ua* ay wakt. Which ? {int0rro§.\ j
ay, \Ai\ ayyama. From which? ^
^ mxn man. In which, ^,J^
allazi hihu See Wherein. — And I ts-c^i
away the earth from it, and found that it «s
affixed to a trap-door of wood, which I >
moved. Beneath it i^peanxl a staizcaseivi::^
I descended, ^ \i\^ S-'l/^^ i^zJ^
While, i, is^ mvddat. See Timc—i
long while, a good while, Jjj Jt« >>
muddatmadidat. While, whilst, >»^' <*
md dam. In the mcanwhOe, *a^
hbaynima, I entered a vineyard one uij •
eat of its grapes, and while I was thcr? I >
held a falcon pounce upon a partridpe; ~
when he had captured him, the partni?^ ^
eaped from him, and entered his nest, sad :* :-
oealed himself in it, L«p u«^ ^z,^«>^-
WHI
( 1087 )
WHO
And Hanan stood among^ them with girded
waist, waiting upon them, while they sported
and amused wemselves, rejoicing ezceemngly,
]a^^\ JjX^ ^^jfwjJ <^JJ\^ cT*^-?
Whim, whimsy, «. JL>. khay&L
Wliimsical, (>*icx^ mutakhayyil.
Whip, r. -p-^^lj ^-V^ ^''^^ hilkurhdj.
Whip, «. i^^ mtf^ra^aA, ^^^^ kurhdj.
Whirl, «. ji^J iai^, ,j|;^*> dawardn.
Whirlpool, ». Jy fwW, ^^-4^ yhamr,
^U. JfeAo/f;. [Wind.
Whirlwind) «. <Uj j|j y)\abil%awha^h. See
Whisker, «. or whiskers, l^j\J^ shdrtb,
or c^f «^ ihawdrib. See Kustachio.
Whisper, v. lA^} washwash.
Whisper or whispering, «. Ij^yL^ wash^
washai; (or slandering), ^U^;*^ na^
mlmah, [Slanderer, Informer.
Whisperer, s, ^itytiy muwashwish. See
Whist. See Hush.
Whistle, v.jLa safar. A whistle (with
the lips), yJua safir.
Whistler, a.^La 8djir. Then she took
forth from her shoulders two pieces of Kamari
aloes-wood, and took a bit of them, and,
haying lighted a fire in a perfuming-yessel,
threw into it that bit ; and she made a loud
whistle, \^k:^ ^ cu-o-y^\ l-fj\ mJ
Whit, i^AJ nukta. See Point, Jot.
White, ^ja^\ abyad. White men (in
opposition to ^*^y>^ suddn, negroes),
^La-j hiddn. The white of the eye,
^«iil\ ^jo\j haydd al ^yn. The white
of an egg, ^*a»Ji\ yjs>\j haydd al hay da.
White-lead, -.IjuLdf tsflddj.
Whiten, v. (make white), ^Ja^^ hayyad;
(to be or grow white), ^/a^\ (hyad.
Whitener, ». ^ja ^* ^ muhayyid. See
Whiteness, ^Uj haydd. [Bleacher.
Whither, LJ-^'v- hays, Ul«.^ haysumd.
See Where.— I proceeded, without knowing
whither to direct my course, reduced from a
mightr to an abject state, and walked till
I amyed at the summit of a mountain.
Whithersoever, U:jt aynamd, Ul«»- hay-
9umd, See Wherever.
Who, reh pers. pron, (^jJI allatl (fern.
jjsl\ o/^l). He who, ^ man. Who ?
(interroy.), ij\ ay. WhoisitPyb^^
man hu. Who came ? U>- ^^ manjd.
He plunges into the sea who seeks for pearls,
and he who desires greatness must have watch-
ful nights, jmi UjJiL ^r*>=^^ u^^
JUJ1^'*J.J\'^U.^^. And
I heard the maid at my bead say to the one
who was at my feet, Our poor master!
What a pity it is that he should be the hus-
band of our depraved and wicked mistress !
Whole (unimpaired), ^^^^ sahih, J^l^
kdmil, JL) idlim. See Entire, Com-
plete; Universal.
Whole, 8. Hasp- jumht, Im holliyat;
{or all), Jjf M, '^f^AP^ jami'^ Upon
the whole, iL^\ iS f\ al jumlah,
A^\j hil Jumlah, J^Wl^ wal hdtil.
Wholesome, Is^ U^V* muwdjik lil
sahhat, «Jl3 ndjl^ See Sound, Salu-
tary.— Wholesome advice, ^^^^^^ i^]j
rdy sdkih.
Wholesomely, is^\ ^\yt ^cyj hi naW"
^n muwdjik assahhat. [fahat assahhat.
Wholesomeness, ls^\ iAj\^ muwd-
Wholly, Ll^b h%T koniyat,''!^^^ kdmUf
WIC
(loes)
im.
J*^b M tamal. ^.U:! j httiwmSm,
Wbom, to wIkhii y«b/. and Micrrwf.),
»b^ mfff&ho. ¥nm whom, Jj^ i^jil
«/i^ mMJU. Witli whom, JJum ^31\
cUni mMjJm. One m^U •Acr tbe advcBtiire
alwre deacribed» die Kbaleefeh Haroon Em.
ibeed nid to Jaa£v, his Wezeer, We vill go
down Co-idgfat into the citTt and iaqvire re-
apectiiig the tibin of thow'who aze at prcecnt
in antli^tT, and him against whom an j one
riiall oomplnin we will displace, ilAi
Vjy .Ju^J^ ^> iLL^l "Jli U/i
iU» ^jj^ ijxa» ^l;;^ J^.j^J^»^
Whore, t. iUL»-li/iAi«A4i, ^Usr* hMa.
Whore, r. (commit whoredom), (j^ Mfia'.
Whoredom, Uj stnd. See Fornication.
Whose, 4^JJl tf/fail (fem. ^\ aUail).
8ee Who.— Or an affable man "whose aspect
might inspire me witii confidence, and whose
cooTemtion might reliere or quench my thirst,
^^v sft/^ ^5=^ ^v ^j^ ^^V
^jiLc . And I saw a fish two hundred
cubits long, and I saw also a fish whose face was
like that of the owl,\^jb iij^mi vj:^]^^
^^\ ^^ Ji^
Whosoever, ^ man, i^\ ay. Whosoever
arriveth at our city, and entereth it, God
fiscilitating his entrance into it^ let him take
of the wealth what he can, ^^^ ^jaj
Why ? 1 Jul lima zd.
Wick, i. dJurJ fatllah. Bee Candle-wick.
Wicked, ^^ iharlr, ^JJ^ shakl. See
Bad, Impious, Profane. — And the fox replied,
I hear and obey. I will abstain from that
which pleaseth thee not ; for the wise man
has said, Give not information on a subject
respecting which thou art not questioned, and
reply not to words when thou art not requested ;
totei
.iraa
ward liiee fior it witlh cril.
*^\ ^^ r-
J.
l^^.UJI
\ ,.^X.
w
^^3j^.c^^j]j^
Wickedly, jLJjjJL JCj UUs4flTvr«
fudd.
Wickedneaa^ jimifuad,^ iftor, Z> J
hOdhat (pL ^Li imidya).
Wide (hroad), \joi^j^ ^fri^ t^^^ *^:-
See Broad, Open. — (deviatiiig; reacte
Ju5u ha^ld. Wide, widely (withgR£
extent), U«a|^ wdf^tfis, Us£jn£ ^Mida
(remotely), ^*XMhat.tdan. SeeFsr.—
Till the end of my walking and vnllii; isxz
conducted me, and the oommencemeiit c< r;
good fortune introduced me, to a wide s»*.
where there was a ooneonne and a
•
• - V _
Widen, make wide, 9. (extend), ^i^'
^rrad; (to grow wide, be exianditi
^jaijS.\^ %dr ^rid. [Breftiu
Wideness, fjo^c ^ard. See Widti
Widow, s. A^j\ armalah.
Widower, J-^^1 armal.
Widowhood, J-^ J iarammul.
Width (breadth), ,jOj& ^ard; (cxtes-
siveness), isu:^ tPosuU. See Breadui.
Wife, «. ^jj zawjah, ^Ji karinat. T
take a wife, «. aJJ tanawtcaj, ^Jj^lJ UMiL
Wight, f^fAS^ shakha. See Person, Beit;.
Wild (not tame), . c^uif^j teah$kl, Ser
Savage, Fierce.— (desert, nninhabitri .
WIL
(1089)
WIN
(in a state of nncaltivated nature, as a
1* as
country), ^j) harri,jj harr,jytju»j^
ghayr ma^Hr; (nnciviliBed), p^
^XCL^ ghayr mtttamaddm, IsuLc ghaht.
See Bade. — (irregular, inconstant),
j\Ji <Jt!L» mdldho htr&r; (imaginary,
vi8ioaary,absurd), ^yji\/tmtddkh(i^ilf
^j^>i^^ wahml. A wild beast, (./^^
wahsh (pi. ^^^ louhHih).
Wild, wilderness, ». La?^ sahrd, ^Jj
harrigat, ^j\j hadiyah. See Desert.
Wildly (fiercely), hJL>.^ JCj hikol wah-
$hanat ; (without cultivation, as a
country), IsSjj lb Uld sird^at, l^ls h
hild faldhat ; (without meaning 9r
coherency), ^.i*^ 5b hild ma^\
Wildness (fierceness, savageness), hJL^^
wahshanaL [See Trick, Stratagem.
Wile,«. dL^ hllahy^^ mdkr,jd^ghadv»
Wilful, Juii ^anld. See Perverse.
Wilfully, c\m htcindd; (by design, on
purpose), f Jua3 kasdan, Ju2fi!b hiliasd.
Wilfulness, jUx ^indd, SeePerverseness,
Wilily (cunningly), ^;iL«j hi mairtn.
Wiliness, dL^ hilah. See Cunning.
Will, ». U; ridd, icl\j\ irddat, Lj^
mashigat. See Desire, Wish, Want, In-
clination.— (command, power), ^LsLrLl
ikhtigdr, A will or last wUl, JlI^^
fcaslgat (pi. bU^ loasdgd). See Testa-
ment.—The divine will, lU} aISI if jl^l
f raia^ a/^sA ta^dla\ Free-will, jL;^;- \
ikhtiyar. So be gare him the pieors of gold,
and laid unto him. If it be the will of God
(whose name be exalted !), we will perform in
this place a good work,^ U jJ\ ^Iksl J
Will, V. j\ . rai. See Wish, Desire.—
(to command), S-^- haiam,j^\ amar.
Willing, at^\ ^^]j rdif, v-^\; rdghib.
See Voluntary. — God willing, dUl \mj\
^bu inihd aUah ta^dla\
willingly, j\p^\ Xi WJbZ ikhtigdr,
c^l^ u*^}^ lJ^ t?^*^ **^^* ^^ t?y^'
Willingness, Uf ridd. See Will.
Willow, <. uJbdiitf wfidf.
Win, 9. c^^Xe ghdah. [LJ ilff&a^.
Wince, winch, v. (kick as a horse, etc.).
Wind, \ytb hawd, ^Tj ^A* ^^ ^&1®>
Breeze, Air. — The north wind, \yb
J UmI Aau^d «Aimdft. The south wind,
Jc^,y^ ^y^ Aot^d janUhl, The east
wind^ iV/^ ^y^ ^^^^ fAarJ^. The west
wind, ^ r^ ^^ hawdgharhl. A gentle
wind, ^»^^ lUMim (pi. ^b*J fuwdywi).
A favourable wind, (JJ^^y^ ^•^ hawd
muwdfik, A contrary wind, (^Isr** tyb
hawd tnukhdlif, A breath or blast of
wind, di^ na/hat, m^ noiim. To
blow as the wind, i^^^ habh. See Blow.
■
Windflower, $. (anemone), vJUju ^jJiJii
ihaklk na^mdnl,
•
Windlass, #. ^jU2»£CU« manjanlk.
Window, 8. cJC^ thuhhdk, ^Ib ^dib^,
CL^lilb idkdt. And behold ! A window
opposite the place where I sat was opened, and
there looked out from it A young lady like the
full moon, such as I baa never in my life
beheld. She had some flowers, which she was
watering, beneath the window, \j\^
uu.cs:u <U5bf ^^jS\ ^UU!I^^ ISUaj
j\ji <uUJ (J^ijJl^ ^UmpI^I/s vz.^'s^y
Windpipe, $. ijj\ L^ huahat arrigai,
i«^Al9- halkUm.
Windy, v/^^ hawdg.
Wine, j^:>^ khamr, JuJ nahid, "Fer-
menting as wine,^^c^ mukhiami^
69
WIS
(1090)
wrr
The wine of Paradise (nectar), J-*asj '
%anjdbil9 ^j;*i,iV ianAm,yif iawMor. A
cup or glasB of wine, y**^ (j*» « ^*
khamr, I have abandoned wine, and those
who drink it ; and have become the friend of
such as condemn it. Wine leadeth astray from
the path of rectitude, and openeth the doors to
evil, iL J^ <^^J ^\r^3 ^^^ ^^f
Wing, «. .^cj- janh.
Wings, i^^\ ajnahat Flapping or
flattering the wings, ^^^U^j* ^JSLa
saffakjandhaho. See Flutter, Flap. —
The right wing, iL«^ maymanai.
The left wing, I y^*^ mayiorat
Wink, r. (shut the eyes), f^a^ yham-
mad. To wink or tip the wink, J^
yhanun. To wink or connive at,
J^\ ^^^cA-^S ayhtnad anntnar.
Wink, syk£. ghamnah, Is^ lamhat, HaJ
lahsai. See Twinkling.
Winking, part J/sU yhdmii.
Winking, «. »J^ ghamMh. See Wink.
Winner, «. i,....^!^ Miib, See Gainer.
Winning (attractive, charming), c^OjU
Winter, l:i^ «A»M. The intense cold of
winter, \s^S\j^jf«J mmharlr atJahita,
Winter quarter, \cjL^ tnashtd.
Winterly, wintery (suitable to winter),
i^^ ihaiawi.
Wipe,r. ^***^ maMk\ (make clean), \^juai
naddaf. To wipe out (efface), '^
nasakh, Jlu haUal,
Wipe, 8, (act of cleansing), ^***^ iwmA;
(sarcasm), ^^^ fei^n.
Wiper, «. (cleaner), ^U masih.
Wisdom, i^i^ hikmat. See Knowledge.
Wise, fS^ hakim, JiU ^aJcU. See
Sage. — A wise man. See Philosopher.
Wise, ^^ «'«;'%. See Manner.
Wiseacre, «. ^^4^t oAmoi. See Fool.
Wisely, Jac J^ JiW ^«K, iiL*. JC*
^ijb^ hikmtU. See Sagely.
Wish, 17. je-^ tam4miw\ j\j rod, u^;
raghib. See Desire. [mifrdi.
Wish, ». j<i^ tomaiinl, j^ tAcwi^, S^j^
Wisher, _i^CL^j7Mi^ffMin]it. See Wishful.
Wishfiil, wishing, c^-^j^ raghUh, (j^^
mushidk.
Wit, r. t<ju ya^nf, vix.
Wit (powers of the mind), Ja£ ifli«,
^i aiAw, C)\jj\ idrdk, U^^faramU
iy^J %akawaL See Fancy, Judgment.
Wits (sound mind), ^Jif ^U.
Witch, B. a^L» sdhtrah. See Soroerws
Enchantress.— To witch. See Bewitch
Witchcraft. See Sorcery, Necromancy
With, ^ ma^. With him, iju^ mdi^
<U JiX». With reverence, /•^r^V ^'
a^tram. With difficulty, with mach
sido, g/ ^J^ ^* karahm. With ease,
dJ^^AMj hi nihukU. With child, -Uto-
hamilah. See Pregnant — And he inTestei tt
with a handsome and costly dress, and I bccaiisf
a person high in credit with him, in isterccasi' :
and in accomplishing the affairs of the people
Withdraw, v. (take back, deprive of,
mJx. ^adam; (to retire), /^jS>^\^r^^
Wither, r. Jj J A?W. [Kctreat
Withered, JjU aafti?.
Withhold, V. (keep back), «-Mj\ flifi*/-
Within, J=Lb rfdit^i/. See In.-Jaafar
and Mesroor then broke it open, and theTfoi»i
in it a basket of palm-leaves sewed up withnfl
worsted ; and they cut the thready and ja»
within it a piece of carpet, and lifting upo^-'
they found beneath it an iiar (a vefl); aw ^
they had taken up the veil, they diseom**
under it a damsel like a bar of noltesA'Tff.
WIT
( 1091 )
WOM
killed, and oat in pieces, jf|^4M^jf^AAs^
1^ Jc»-y ijjsi\ \^Ui l^luj irJ^iLAAJl J
Within, withinside, J^b J /i JaitAi/.
Without (not within), \>-j^ khdrijan,
-^j^ hhdrij, \jb% %dhiran, \j} harrS ;
(wantiDg),^ ghayr^jJo highayr, J Id^
ti hila. Without hoandB, J^ h hild
hadd. Without cause, c->»iw» If hild
sabah. Without donht, if\^\ h hild
ishtihdh, K^^^jh hUd rayh. Without
delay, ^U Jb hild taakhlr, Jlf*\ lb
hild imhdl. Without neglect, JUj^^ ^
hUd ihmdl. Without order (irregular),
j^Sf h hild tadblr, u-^y lb hild
iartih. Without heeitation, JJjj h
hild taraddud. Without proof, CL^\Jj\ h
hUd iihdt Without asking, c^^JJ^ )b
hild talab. Without advantage or profit,
2FjjU]b hUd/dyidah. Without polite-
ness or decency, i^k}\ )b hild adah.
Without understanding, ^Jac )b hild
^M. See Ignorant. — ^Wjthout circum-
spection, l^Ll^-^ lb hUd ihtiydt. With-
out justice, J*Xc lb hUd ^adl. Without
pity, isLsJii lb hild $ha/akat. Without
amhition or emulation, ij^ lb hUd
ghlrat. Without measure, ^^Ui lb
hUd kigdi. Without constraint or com-
pulsion, jLs^li ^jma^hihoMnaHkhti"
ydr. Without (unless), HI illd, 1\^ tea
iUd, J ^\ in lam, SjS lawld.
Withstand,!;. a^U kdwamf v^b« mdna^.
Withy. See Willow.
Witleas. See Ignorant.
Witness, #. JUbLi Mhdhid. To call or take
to witness, cite a witness, hring wit-
nesses, J^ shahhad. See Prove. — To
witness or hear witness, J^ shehod.
See Attest, Testify. — A creditahle wit-
ness, J jU jJbUi shdhid ^dU.
Witnessed, J^fuL^ mashhtUl.
Witnesses, J^ ahuhud; (testimony),
if jl|^ tikakddat. Thou art without an
equal among mankind, the sovereign of beantj,
and I have witnesses to prove it. Thine eye*
brow is like a well-written Noon ; and thine
eye like the letter Sad, the work of the good
God, ^^ILL, *c0jj\ J JyJ.1\ kj:^\ U
^^\ tlCrj-U- *fc.y^ s/"^^ cT*^
s
Witticism, «. £z^ nuktah, [Jirdaat.
Wittily, irfl^^^jjic ^JG hikol ^Min tea
Wittiness, ijl^J %akdwaL See Wit.
Wittingly (knowingly), ^LclLLb ^i itii'
Id^ihi; (hjdeagD),XaSjhikasd, iJuoi
kasdan, Juofilb hU Jkoid. [day y Us,
Wittol, «. (contented cuckold), Cj^^J
Witty, ^js^**^ muikhin. See Ingenious.
Wires, C^U-^J %awjdt.
Woe (grief), J! o/am, ^ ^^m, c^yxi^t
itiirah. Woe to you, (il^^ toaylak.
Woe to him, ^^ waylaho. Woe to me !
^Jj^ tcayll. And when he heheld them,
with the drawn swords in their hands, he
called ont to his people, Myinr, Oh ! woe to
you I Take ye the heads of these dogs !
^'^ L^V^3^ fii^k ii^^ ^y sj^
Woeful, wohegone, Jt^ mughim. Sec
Sorrowful, Mournful, Calamitous. —
(paltry, wretched),^^:«i».&nbr,(J J danl.
Wolf, «. u^i sl5.
Wolfshane, l^jJ\ J^jlsL khdnit aulh.
Woman, $, d\^t amraah, A young woman,
Mohiyah, A pregnant woman,
WOH
(1092)
W0B
^dkink. A ehade womsn, JJuke^ ^4^-
ftk. An impudent or immodest womai,
jy^lc ^dkirak. An old wommn, Ji^c^
Womb, «. (mstzizy ntenis), *>y rdbiy
Women« ^I^mJ nwvdii. Nerer trust in
wosMB, nor rdj vpon their vowi; fer thor
plcanre and their dMeuun depend iqKm
their po^eti. Thej offer a fiUee tneetkn, for
peiiidjliirki within their dreaei. Bj the tale
of Joaeph be admoniahed, and guard againit
their stntagems, Jh^I^ 'LJI ^.«:l«Ij1
L^JcmA idaghrah. Whereupon he
wondered in hia mind, and waa mored with
great delight, ti t>^^(c*^ Ci3j J^^jci
Wonder, c^^y^ ^<!f<t'^f S^*^^ ia^ajfub,
ifm»^ hlrai. See Amazement. — A
wonder, yjiiC*^ muc/tfaA. See Miracle.
A wonder of wondeiB, t^*^ls^1 ^^sP-
^J€^ dl ^jdffib. Exciting wonder,
Wonderfnl, wondrous, ^^^ ^jlh,jj\j
nddir. See Admirable, Strange. — Of
wonderful beauty, ^^j*uar\jj[j nddtral
htun. Wonderful, c^*^.^^ co/l^. I saw
dtiring that Torageman j woadernil and atrange
things, snch that if I related them to you the
description would be too long, ^^^]j^
Wonderfully, wondronsly, Jar^i«.*%sS
hi ^ajabin costm.
Wonder-struck, i^^Jt^^^ muta^ajfib.
Wont, to be wont, 9.c\sjU9j\^ tdrmu^d,
jyu ta^awtead. Wont, wontedness.
WoatBd,i3\rja #aHi^tt4,yAciatcy>>.i»g>k-
Mik^hdyidtHL See Aeeordins tscBstoBL
Woo, 9. ^}JL£. ^mUL See Gomt.
Wood (snbstanee of trees and plantB\
IimM. Wood of aloes, J^ ^ti^ Th€
wofst kind of aloes wood, iJl^L^^
idbr iamamfdM(L Brazil cr red Tood,
jifhiiiam. Wood j^epared for boM-
ing, iSm^ ianuU,
Wood,t. (forest), ^^^ jbmA,^^Uyidl,
JuU ghahai. See Forest
Woodlark, «. J^ hmhu^L See Lark.
Woodlouse, «. c.^A'f^l^JJ M^alUaiiy.
Woodman, woodmonger, woototter,
woodseUer, «. c-^\L». kMdh. [doTe.
Wood-pigeon, a. i%Ujyamdsi. SeeTnrtie
Woody, ysr^*^ aitd^^.
WooCT, «. ^J^Ia ^aaAti. See Lorer.
Wooing, «. Jhu<x ^m^. BeeCoortabip.
Woof (of a web), t^J^ md^.
Wool, l^y^ tuf (pL l^\yc\ UVCcf
Fine soft wool (of camels, goats, etc'.
Woollen, uJ^ tfi/ c^^ ^ sim sif
A woollen-draper, i^l^ ntwvdf.
Word, «. ^uK halimah. The word «f
God, 4d!\ U^ Mimat disk It ^
word, (•Kll J->U. AdM7 «/ irii*
Word by woid, JulG JuK U^
hi kalimah. Words, cl^Ui^ Umit
and deed, lUij 21^ iawlan wsfi^-
Word, r. liJl; ^ifZofos, ^ (ftUto
. See Exppeas.— Then the Eng asked tke ftmk
aUveB whether ahe had apoken, and tbej a^
to him : Prom the time of her arrittl t**^
preient moment she baa not spoken oac va^
and we have not heard her talk, ^1* «-
won
( 1093 )
WOE
^^^Wij^JWi^^Si,^^^
Work, V. fjir. t\ iMaghd ; (produce an
effect), y^ OBiOTtj^^ J^ ^««tf^ i^^r.
To work up (irritate), \^^*nT\ aghdab.
Work, J* ^amal, JjL^i shughl. JmJI^I
See Action, Act, Deed, Business,
Labour, Toil. IkhdtMh. See Shop.
Workhoase, workshop, 8. ^U-jl^ kdr-
Working-day, work-day, i. J*uJl ^^
yawm ashshughl.
Workman, worker, «. -^Le »dni^,
A_^ 'r rr v_ '-*^^-/* tdhib san^ah. See
Tradesman, Labourer.
Workmanship, ijtx^ $an^ah, ^\i^ Mna-
^ah. See Work, Art, Skill.
World, s. Jlc ^dlam, L3 J dunyd. The
present world and the next, L3 Jtll sijb
ifj^'i^^ haze addunyd tea Idkharah.
Known to all the world (celebrated),
JU!bj^fbLu« mashhUr hil ^dlam; (the
inhabitants of the world), iJ jJf J^^
ahl addunya, O tboa who arriTest at this
^laoe, be admonished by the Ticiasitndes of the
time and by the misfortunes and calamities
that thoQ beholdest, and be not deceiyed by the
world and its charms, its falsity and calumny,
its fallacy and finery, ^\ f^\^\ \^
Worldliness, wiL tama^ See Avarice.
Worldly (relating to the world), i^y^*^
dunyawif i^^*^ dunydwi.
Worm, B, ii}jJ dudat The silk-worm,
jij^\ O^J dad al karir. See Silk-
worm.— Infected or swarming with
worms, wormy, «^Jb« mudauncid.
Wormwood, ^jVM»til afmntln.
Worn, worn out, ^ysf**^ moihuk, • na><
midattac.
Worry, «. See Harass, Tease, Torment.
Worae,^! otAor. Theworstofmenishe
whose erery to-day is worse than his every yester-
day, 4«*^1 ^jMts>'\ A/t^ ^^ v^7L/^
Worship (religious adoration), if jLa ^i-
hddat, t^ys:^ sufud. The worship of
one God, or Divine worship, ^\ if jLc
^\fu ^ddat idlah ia-^dW. See Ado-
ration, Beverence, Respect.
Worship, V. Juc ^ehed, ^\ »Xe-» tajad
ila\ Jke ^auam. See Adore.
Worshipped, i>^fA« macifii.
Worshipful, ^»;i2)cJlk»*^c>-'yuM/t mtutatoftb
atta^lm.
WorshipfuUy, jU^^^ CLJloJl J6 likol
Utifdtin tea i^tibdr. See Eeverently.
Worshipper of God, a. JjU ^hid, A
worshipper of idols, ^^j wasanl.
Worst, ^\ (uhar.
Worth (price, value), d,M klmat; (ex-
cellence), J«a5 fadl, j\l^\ utihkdk.
Worth (equal in price or value), J jLt^
mu^ddil, i/^l»**i yasdwJ, See Worthy.
— So when the King looked at those jewels and
jacinthSfhis reason wasconfounded.and his mind
was bewildered, and he said : Yerilj one of these
jewels is worth my kingdom, ^^ UJi
Worthily, iSLJ JCj hikol liydkat,
fj\si^^\j hi istihkdk. [Excellence.
Worthiness, ij\J Uydkat. See Worth,
Worthless, ^Jl^ haklr, A J dani, i a>i>.Mfw
kh(Uli, See Mean, Vile, Unworthy.
Worthlessness, if^U»> hakdratf JLiUm^
khasdtat. See Meanness, Yileness.
Worthy (deserving), j;^u^ muttahikk,
L.^^^y»4m^ muBtawjib ; (suitable, pro-
per, becoming), fjA Idyik,
WEA
( 1094 )
WEI
mwtawjib, JaI^***^ mustdhtl. Wortliy
of honour or respect^ jUii5!He--^ja-^
ijI^UsS^^^ fMutawjih (U i^tihar wal ilti-
fat. Worthy of reward, ^.^.^ssry^*^
<_>L*\\ mustawjih (usatcdh.
Would, ^KJ lakan. Would to God,
tjuJlj yd layt. Would that the day
of separation had nerer been! No sleep remains
in my eyes, the union of na and thee u broken,
and our strength and onr body are perished.
Wound (rolled up tr round), j;*X« m«-
Wound, «. ^^frJ^^^ (P^- -^r^^**"^)-
An old wound, ^^U «a«flr. One who
cures wounds, ^^J:r jarrdh. See Sur-
geon.—A tent for wounds, ^d
■^>M<^
fatUuh. They slew certain of our people, and
the rest fled. I also ran away, i^r I had
received a severe wound ; the Arabs bein^ bn^,
without further regard to us. in examining the
goods and the presents which they took from us,
\a^jj>r^
W»^:-j^j
Wound, r. ^J^- jarah.
Wounded, ^jlt?^ fMJruh, ^yr i<^'^^'
Wrangle, r. ^jU ndta^ See Dispute.
Wrangle, «. i«^-a£5- khusumat, ^j3 »f25j^,
i&;U^wttna»i^a^. SeeDispute,Quarrel.
Wrap, wrap up, r. «J ^/ See KoU
up, Involve ; Comprise, Contain. — To
wrap in a winding-sheet, ^ kaffan.
Wrapped, uJy^ malfnf.
Wrapper (one that wraps), <*-mL« ww-
lajif] (that in which anything is
wrapped), iiUS lifdfat
Wrath, u^ ni?'^ ^AflM^aJ. See Fury. [Jan.
Wrathful, c-^yai yhaduh, ^U-ai y^«<^-
Wrathfolly, ^--.^ai JCj Inkol ghadab,
Wrathless, u^^ar lb Jito jAoAii. *
Wreak, v. (vengeance), j»ii3\ inteks
Wreakful, J^Ar^ Affiili. See Revengeful
Wreck, ^JJb Aoim, S^>^ '^^"^
See Ruio, Destruction ; aUo Ship
wreck.— To wreck. See Euin.
Wrecked. See Ruined, ShipwreckaL
Wrench, wrest, v. (to pull or twist bj
violence), mJJIj ^ shadd htl tawr.
Wrestle, v. ^j\^ tdra^. See Struggle
Wrestler, f;^-^^ musari^.
Wrestling, «. ic;La^ wiwfirflcfl^.
Wretch, «. (a poor man), ^Jt^ *^*^
(fem. iJLu*^ masktnat, pi. ti^^liX-^
masHndt, ^V***^ ina<atoi),^/fl*tr
(a worthless fellow), ^^-i:>- ^fl^*'*-
Wretched, unhappy (miserable), ^^;-w
m^i&fn, ,<a^ «AflJfcl. See Poor, Calami
tons. — (contemptible, mean), J?-
zalil, iJJ danl. See Worthless.
Wretchedly (unhappily), i^U^ J^ ^*
shakdwat. See Miserably.— (meanlj
despicably), 5,Urw J^ hMhhartU.
Wretchedness (misery), hLm^ matkaiuti
i^U-1 shakdwat; (contemptiblenesB
baseness), i^lA>- hakdraL
Wright. See Carpenter, Artificer.
Write, V. (perform the act of writiug)
L.^ katah. To write to one anotber,
\^\^ takdtahu. To write a book
lJ[2^ i^^ katah kitdh To vrite i
letter, c^yil^ w^ *«<«* ^'^^^^^
See Letter.— A copy to write Ij.
fjJL^ mashk.
Writer, V. (one who practises the art oi
writing), L^^kdM. SeeSecretefT.
—(an author), cJj^^ musanntf, «-^r-
«r«5//i/. See Historian.-IJe« «nojn;[
that shall not perish ; but whatjns h^^^^^
written shall endure. Wri^ therefore, Bomz
WEY
( 1095 )
YET
but that which will please thee when thoa shalt
Bee it on the day of lesurrection, ^l^j
rritbe, 9. Aj) haram. See Twist.
rritiag {part, present), c^l^ kdttb.
TVritiDg, 8. i)\:ii kitdhat ; (composing),
\ o_ * ^" tasnlf, luJl ifuhd. A writing
(written instrument), L^yX.^ maJUlih,
£tr>- khatt, A writing-school, c^^'X^
m^^to^. Hand- writing, ^£i£^ i^^<
y€i^. The sacred writings, Ci^l::j3\
^jmAL«11 al kitdh al mukaddoi,
(Vritten, ^J>^r.^C^ nkiit^u^. Above-
written, (*y^^ <>^ maritum,j|^lxuu^f
a/ mM^fir. See Above-mentioned. —
Written or signed by a judge, Ji?**^^
mutasaj^'il.
(Vrong, 8. J]ff %ulm, 4/>Xu ta^addl, j^
jawTyjj^o darar. See Injury. Error.
liVrong (not right, bad), ^^ sharir;
(unsuitable), t^^^\:^j^ ghayr mu-
naaib. See Unfit. — He who commits the
sheep to the care of the wolf does wron^,
I^Vrong, r. JdJ sa^m, j^ darr, v^J^J'
ta^adda\ See Injure.
(Vronged, /♦^Ua^ maz/am,^^yi^ madrHr.
iVronger, «. h/«^^^«2^ mata^addl.
IfVrongful, (.jUaif L &i7a tn«a/.
Wrongfully, Js*- Hj &i7d ^ibt.
Wrought (made, done, performed, ef-
fected), ^y'^^A^ TMuniJi.^ J^"*"^^ ^^i'
mUl, Jyti* maf^l; (laboured, done
with care and difficulty), J^ Jy*^«^
AA-5*^^ UiAi tnacmUl hikol i^ind tea
mushakkah, "Wrought (in the loom),
^y^:^ tnafuuj. [mdyil. See Crooked.
Wry, j^y&\ a^fcqf, ^^^ munhanl, JjU
T.
T is expressed in Arabic by ,^, ^uy
ya^nl, that is to say, viz.'
Yard, «. (inclosed ground adjoining to a
house), ^^'^ 8ahn, ^L>^L» 8dhah, A
court-yard in caravanseras, inns, etc.
(whereburdens are deposited or loaded),
^[^khdn. A yard (measure of length),
tij\l ydrd. A measure of two yards,
^li kdmah. See Eathom. [Thread.
Yam, Ijutf 8add. See Warp, Woof,
Ye, ^f antum, C^^*^j tedladat.
Yean, r. (bring forth as sheep, etc.),
Year, «. ili«s «an«A, aU ^dm. A solar
year, <U.m<^ ^U^^ MftaA «Aam«fyaA. A
lunar year, ^j^ ^^Xm) sanahkamariyah.
This year, >«UIt tjjb ^isd al ^dm.
Last year, the year immediately pre-
ceding, ^Ull aU ^dmalmddi. The
new year, ^Jjj^l^LJl assanat al
jadldah. Every year, ^ ;^ JJ^ jb/
«anaA. See Yearly. — Years, M^-i-i
sanln, /^^^\ a^dm.
Yearling, «. J^ Aau;/.
Yearly (every year), <U-j J^ ifeoJ MnaA,
u5y»-> 8anawl. l^fjt^^^^ khamlrah.
Yeast (or leaven used in raising bread),
Yellow,^^\ as/ar (fem. \jLa sa/rd). To
be or become yellow, ^i^l u/ar,
Yellowish,jlLJJ JjU mdytl Ul safdr.
Yellowness, Ijk^safrat,
Yelp, V. <^ nahdh. See Bark.
Yes, ^ tM^tn*
Yesterday, ^j,^\ anu, ^jU\ al hdrih
Yesterday evening or yester-night,
^L>yUl al hdrihah. See Worse.
Yet, Ul ammd, jii hhin, llj wa iUd.
See But, Still.— (hitherto), Jll Jl iV
TOTI
( 1096 )
ZOlf
aldn; (over and above), Jfy fawk.
See Beside.— Once more, laA aydan.
See Again.— (after all), f'l^^J^ ^^^
al amr. See Nevertheless.
Yield,r.(produce),^UM« J-j^ Juudl minhi,
^ nafa^\ (to exhibit to view), j^\
Mhar. See Show.— (to grant per-
mission), 9}\^\ ^J^ a^* ij&tah. See
Allow, Permit— (to give np), ^
MiSam. To yield np one'a-self, aLs
aIU* nallam halaho. See Sabrait.— To
yield np the ghost, ^^J\ ^ sMm
arr^h. See Pie.
Yielding (complying), JjU kdhtl.
Yielded (surrendered), ^«^^ tmnd^afi^y
AuCn^ rkutMollam ; (granted, allowed),
.yw«^ mamnuhf ^jei>y^ murakhkhas,
Y'oke (for oxen, etc.), j^j nlr. A yoke
or pair of oxen, etc.,^ ^^j taujhakar.
Yolk (of egg), <UiffS^ j^ *<''fir al hayidh.
You, ^\ anttm (fem. j:j\ anttmna).
Youortoyou, J3 lakum{fem.^j^Hkinna).
Young, youthful, c->Li «AfiJ, jsi ><«*
(fem. i^fatiyah). [ashsh&h.
Y'oungly, youthfully, t-ilSJl Ji-* ««m?
Youth, <-->U-5i thabahy Lj^ skahtihiyat
The flower of youth, t-;LuJl (j^^j*^
ban/btcdn ashshahdh.
Youthfulness. See Youth.
Your, J kum (fem. ^J kintia). Your
books, JLi^ ifett^W-ttm, ^^;Ls^ kuthu-
kinna. To your books, ^S^ ^\ Ha'
kuihikum.
Z.
Z is expressed m Arabic by ^; u^
tam&n, ' time,' ijj «Uia<, * an oi
ment.' The following letters an
pronounced by the Arabs like i, tj
j, as / J swtr, * remembrance,' vi
as ii\Ja larOfat, ' elegance.'
Zeal, zealousness, i^ yk^^t *;
hamtyat. Zeal for God «- reli|
4U^\ i^ ghlrat Uahiya^, i^J
ghlrat Uniyah. A aeal for rtl
and country, iJ^ jil^ ^ji«>S^ i;?^ J
tMin wal dawlat See Heat, ¥a]
Zealot, «. 5;-i Cj^-^-U 9&hib ghki
ZeaLouB, jy^ yhayyur. See Warn,
Zealously, i^ J^ hikclyMrat
Zenith, «. (j^yi eu-^^ w«^
liJ^ iT-'ii^tr* «am^ annoiar.
Zephyr, «. ^»--uuj fkMlm. The zeph;
gweet to me in that place, and pleas
the time, so slumber oTcrcame me, am
posed there, Cflii fn^^ J ^
Zest, J ji lasszat See Eeliah.
Zodiac, «. ^^j^\ ^^5kw« wtfwto^^di
Zone, ». ifilai-* mantofcj^. See Gi
The frigid zone, iJjU\ i^^
katallaridaU The torrid zone,
6ijsi^\ mantakat al muhriM
temperate zone, <id Jo*^^ ^uk^^
takat al mu^iadtlah.
STK^HEK AUSTIM AKD 80M8, PHlXTSftS, HERTPOAO.