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AN EXAMINATION

OF THE

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GEORGE WASHINGTON,

SETTING FORTH THE EVIDENCE TO CONNECT HIM

WITH THE

WilSHINGTONS OF SULGRilVE MD BRINGTON.

HENRY E/ WATERS. A.M.

Reprinted from the N. E. Historical and Genealogical Register for

October, 1889.

BOSTON :

PRINTED FOR THE
NEW ENGLAND HISTORIC GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY.

1889.

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David Clapp & Son, Printers.

Betiicateti to

JAMES J. GOODWIN OF HARTFORD. CONNECTICUT.

IN GRATEFUL RECOGNITION OF HIS FRIENDSHIP AND HIS LIBERALITY

IN SUPPORTING THESE RESEARCHES.

THE ANCESTRY OF WASHINGTON.

In the July number of the N. E. Historical and Genealogical Reg-
ister I announced some discoveries about the Washington family which
I then expected to publish among my Gleanings for that number.
Very soon after that announcement I discovered some additional
facts so interesting and important, and, apparently, so clearly pointing
to the true line of ancestry of our first President that I thought it best,
after consulting my friends in England and America, to withhold the
matter thus promised until I could add to it these new facts and
publish them together, in order that their due relations to each other
might be the more apparent. I do not claim to have made an
exhaustive study of the Washington Genealogy. That is not my pro-
vince, as the readers of my Gleanings must, by this time, be well
aware. My function rather is similar to that of the prospector who
finds the hidden lode of rich ore and makes it known to the miners
who may wish to follow up and develop the vein more thoroughly.
It is for me to search out and discover the clews and place them in
the hands of the specialists who come after, that they may be guided
in the right direction and so not waste their efforts in random labor
on unfruitful ground. If, in addition, I do occasionally, as in the
present case, furnish evidence illustrating a pedigree more at length,
it is simply because in my extended wanderings over a wide field I
have naturally gathered such facts as have come to my notice and
saved them for the general good.

Before entering upon the story of these discoveries let me first state
the problem which was to be solved, and refer to one or two attempts
which have been made at its solution in the past. The American
line of ancestry had been traced back clearly to a John Washington
who, with his brother Lawrence, crossed the ocean to Virginia
about 1657. The problem was to find their parentage and ancestry
in England. It was known that both of them made wills which
were proved in Virginia. These wills, or abstracts of them, will I
doubt not accompany this paper.*

* Nothing can be added to the statement of Bishop Meade, in regard to the wills of the
two emigrants, of which documents he gives abstracts. The will or John Washington was
then recorded at Westmoreland Court House, ** in an old book of wills, though in a some-
what mutilated form." Since then the book has disappeared, probably during the time of
the late war. The will of ** John Washington, of Washington parish, in the county of
Westmoreland, in Virginia, gentleman," was dated February 26, 1675, and proved January
10, 1677. He directs his body to be buried on the plantation upon which he lived, by the
side of his wife and two children. He divides a number of landed estates between his
second and surviving wife and his children, John, Lawrence and Anne, and also his proper-

Sir Isaac Heard, then Garter King of Arms, began in 1791 the
discussion of this problem, as I learn from an essay on this subject
written by the late Col. Joseph L. Chester, LL.D., D.C.L., and
published in the ** Herald and Genealogist" (London), September,
1866, and republished in America in **The Heraldic Journal"
(Boston), October, 1866, and again in ''The N. E. Historical and
Genealogical Register" (Boston), January, 1867. From this paper
I quote the following extract :

Sir Isaac took as the basis of his pedigree the Heraldic Visitations of
Northamptonshire, io which the Washington family was included. Starting
with the well-known fact that the first emigrants of the name to Virginia
were two brothers named John and Lawrence Washington, who left Eng-
land for that colony about the year 1657, he found recorded in the Visitation
of 1618 the names of John and Lawrence described as sons of Lawrence
Washington of Sulgrave in that county, who had died in the year 1616.
The names being identical with those of the Virginia emigrants, and the
period at which they lived not altogether inappropriate, Sir Isaac assumed
their personal identity ; and on this assumption constructed his pedigree,
deducing the descent of the American President through this heraldic
family of Northamptonshire from the still more ancient one of the name in
Lancashire. It is but just to the memory of Sir Isaac to say that he him-
self only regarded the pedigree as a conjectural one, and that he took the
precaution to leave on the margin of his own copy a note (which was seen
and copied by Mr. Sparks) to the effect that he was not clearly satisfied
that the connection of the President with the Sulgrave family was or could
be substantiated."

Mr. Baker, in his History of Northamptonshire, followed Sir
Isaac's example, but without any reservation. He confidently assert-
ed that John, son of Lawrence Washington of Sulgrave, was of
South Cave, co. York, and emigrated to America (from whom,
in the third generation. President Washington was derived), and that
Lawrence (the brother of this John) was a student at Oxford, 1622,
and emigrated to America with his brother.

The above pedigree was accepted by all as authoritative until
1863, when Isaac J. Greenwood, Esq., of New York, threw

ty in England. He leaves £1000 to his brother-in-law, Thomas Pope; and £1000 and foar
thousand weight of tobacco to his sister, who had come or was coming over to this country.
He raalses his wife and brother Lawrence his executors.

The will of Lawrence Washington, of Rappahannock county, dated September 27,
1675, proved January 6, 1677, is presumed to be still on record. Bishop Meade's abstract
agrees with the complete copy printed in Welles's book, which latter document is attested
by James Roy Micou, Clerk of Essex County, Va. It gives all his property in England
to his daughter Mary and the heirs of her body ; failing them to children John and Ann.
He then mentions his loving wife Jane and her two children, John and Ann, both under
age, and the land which came to him in the right of his wife, on the south side of the river,
formerly l>eIonging to Capt. Alexander Flemming. Gives two hundred acres of land to
Alexander Barrow. Appoints wife Jane, executrix, brother Col. John Washington and
friend Thomas Hawkins, overseers.

We now know that John Washington was born prior to 1634, and Lawrence was born in
1635. Hence they were aged respectively about 24 and 22 years in 1667, when they are
said to have emigrated to Virginia. Nothing in the wills is decisive of the point whether
either or both married prior to their leaving England, but it is more probable than not, and
our English friends should be on the look-out for such marriages. In Virginia there mav
yet be found some dates of grants or purchases of land which will aid in showing their
progress there. — William H. Whithobe.

doubts upon it in a paper communicated to the N. E. Historical and
Genealogical Register for July of that year, by suggesting that
John and Lawrence, the sons of Lawrence Washington of Sulgrave,
were too old to have been the emigrants to Virginia. He also sug-
gested that the Virginians might have been descended from Sir
William Washington of Packington, Eji*., eldest son of Lawrence
of Sulgrave.

In Col. Chester's Essay, already referred to, the theory advanced
by Sir Isaac Heard and so confidently asserted by Baker in his
History, was thoroughly disproved by the array of evidence brought
forward which showed that John, the son of Lawrence Washington
of Sulgrave, was clearly Sir John Washington of Thrapston, both
of whose wives died in England, the latter (Dame Dorothy) out-
living her husband ; while it is well known that John Washington,
the emigrant, buried his first wife (whose name is unknown) in
Virginia, and married, secondly, Ann (Pope) whom he appointed
executrix of his will, jointly with his brother Lawrence. The chil-
dren of Sir John, of Thrapston, were Mordaunt, John and Philip.
The children of John, of Virginia, were John, Lawrence and Anne.
Col. Chester also showed how improbable it was that Lawrence, the
brother of Sir John, could have been the Lawrence who emigrated
to Virginia, by proving that he was a clergyman of the established
church ; while Lawrence, of Virginia, simply styled himself " gentle-
man," a most unlikely thing for him to do, if he were in holy orders.

Col. Chester contented himself with thus completely demolishing
the former theory, without setting up a new one in its place : so the
original problem was left unchanged. On the American side of the
water we had a complete chain running back from the President to
the first settler of the name. There the chain, like the vast majority
of American pedigrees, was broken short off, at the water's edge.
The task which lay before me, on my arrival in England in 1883,
was to drag the depths in all directions, with the hope of picking
up, somewhere, the lost end of the English line to which the
American line belonged. Fortunately I did not come over to hunt
for Washingtons alone : such a task would have seemed well nigh
appalling. I was on the lookout for references to every American
family of English origin, whatever the name ; and the tedium and
monotony of my toilsome search has been relieved by almost daily
discoveries, some of exceptional value and importance, like those
relating to the Harvard family, the famous Rogers family of New
England, the family of Roger Williams, and others of less interest,
perhaps, to the general reader, but full of interest, doubtless, to those
engaged in the investigation of the genealogies of the special families
mentioned in my notes.

At first I gleaned over the whole field for Washingtons and found
them in various counties, (e.g.) Yorkshire, Westmoreland, Lanca-
shire, Leicestershire, Worcestershire, Warwickshire, Northampton-

shire, Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Berkshire, Hertfordshire,
Middlesex, Kent, Surrey, Wiltshire, Devonshire, Essex, Suffolk and
Norfolk. In the fall of 1884 or the spring of 1885 I made a very
important discovery which led me to limit my field of search, by
finding a point on the soil of the mother country to which I could
make fast the end of the American line. It appears that upon the
death of Lawrence Washino^ton of Virginia, although his will, as I
have said, was proved in Virginia, letters of administration on his
goods, &c., were granted in England, as follows : —

"MenseMaij 1677 tricesimo die Em* Com® Edmundo Jones principali
creditori Lauren tii Washington nuper de Luton in Comitatu Bedford sed
apud Virginia in partibus transmarinis decedeS ad adstrand bona jura et
credita diet deft de bene etc jurat." Admon. Act Book (P. C. C.)

This was a great step, and it behoved me to make a careful search
all around Luton and its immediate neighborhood for further traces.
This parish is in the extreme southern part of Bedfordshire, on a kind
of tongue or neck jutting into the neighboring county of Herts.
For more than four years I have borne this discovery in mind, and
in all that time have never let a will made by any one in that part
of Bedfordshire or of Hertfordshire pass under my notice without the
most careful scrutiny ; and 1 made known my discovery to most of
my English friends, that they might keep their eyes open in that
quarter. I had already, to be sure, found an Adam Washington,
gentleman, seated at Brent Pelham, Herts, whose father, Adam
Washington, citizen and mercer of London, was evidently of the
Washington family of Grayrigg in Kendal, Westmoreland, but I
had examined the wills relating to them without getting any light
about the emic^rants to Virginia.

Good fortune, which has so often befriended me in my genealogical
work, once more rewarded my plodding toil with bountiful generosity ;
and this time she added to the value of her gift by bestowing it
through the hand of a friend. It happened in this way. While the
official work of indexing certain bonds, once belonging to the
Hitchin Registry of the Archdeaconry of Huntingdon, was recently
in progress in the Probate Registry, one came to light of which the
following is an abstract :

A Bond of John Dagnall, of Grove in the parish of Tring, in co. Herts,
Yeoman, and William Roades of Middle Claydon, in co. Bucks., Gen.,
in the sum of one thousand pounds, dated 29 January 1649 (50), for the
administration of the goods &c. of Andrew Knowling, of Tring in the
county of Herts., gen., lately deceased, with the will annexed, during the
minority of Lawrence Washington the younger, at that time of the age of
fourteen years ; also for their faithful conduct as guardians or curators of
the said Lawrence Washington &c.

Tring is but twelve miles, or a little more, from Luton,* and the

* See map front of title page. Tring is described in the Gazetteer as a parish and market
town in Hertfordshire, 28 miles west of Hertford. Acres 7390, houses 667, population 3488

two towns are connected, by way of Dunstable and, thence, along
the old Icknield Way which runs from Dunstable to the immediate
neighborhood of Tring. It was altogether probjible then that here
was the early home of Lawrence Washington of Luton and Virginia.
As I was absent from London at the time of this discovery, my friend
took the pains to bunt up the will of Mr. Knowling in order that he
might make an abstract of it so as to gratify me with the sight of it
upon my next visit at Somerset House. Since then, however, I have
made a full copy of this will, which is here given : —

In the Name of God Amen the Thirteenth day of January in the yeare of
o' Lord god one Thousand Sixe hundred flforty and Nine I Andrew Know-
ling of Tring in the County of Hertf ' gent' being weake ot body but of
sound and pfect memory (thanks be giuen to All mighty God) doe make &
ordaine this to be my last will & testam' in mann^ & forme following viz' In-
primis I bequeath my soulle into the handes of allmighty God my most
mercifull Creato' assuredly trusting through the merrittes death & passion
of my Lord & only Savio' Jesus Christ to enioye eternall life & my body
to thearth from whence it came to be decently buried. Item I give to the
poore of the Towne of Tring and the upp Hamblettes the some of Twentie
Shillings to be paid within one month next after my decease. Item I give
to the poore of \YilIsterne within the said pish of Tring the some of
Twenty Shillings to be paid in sorte and mann'^ as aforesaid. Item I give
to the poore of Wigginton in the said County of Herts Tenn Shillings to be
paid as aforesaid: Item I will give and bequeath unto Lawrance Washing-
ton the younger (my godsonne) All my freehould Landes and Tenem***
whatsoeu^ lying and being within the pish of Tring aforesaid or else where
within the Realme of England. To haue and to hould the same to him and
his heires for euer. Item I give and bequeath unto Amphilis Washington
my daughter in lawe (& mother of the said Lawrance) the some of Tliree-
score poundes of Curr* mony of England to be paid her within six months
after my decease. Item I give and bequeath unto Elizabeth iiitzherbert
one other of my daughters in Lawe the some of ffortye pounds of Curr*
mony to be paid in sorte and mann'' as is last above menconed. Item I give
and bequeath unto William Roades my sonne in Lawe the some of Tenn
poundes of Curr* mony to be paid within sixe months next after my decease :
Item I give and bequeath unto the said Elizabeth ffitzherbert all my corne
& graine whatsoeu' now within doores or without. Item I give and be-
queath unto the Two daughters of my late daughter in Lawe Susann Bil-
ling deceased begotten of her body by her late husband John Billing of
Lillington in the County of Buck, Tallowe Chauudler, Tenn poundes
apeece to be paid within sixe monthes after my decease And my will is that
if either of the said Two children dye before her Legacie shalbecome due

in 1831. It is perhaps best known by the popular, though unfounded rhyme, applied to one
of the ancestors of «John Hampden, who was said to have forfeited three manors for striking
the Black Prince with his racket when they quarrelled at tennis.

" Tring, Wing and Ivanboe,

For striking of a blow,

Hampden did forego,

And glad he could escape 80.*'
Unfortunately neither of these manors ever belonged to a Hampden, (See Notes and
Queries, 3rd S., v. p. 176.')

Luton is a town in Bedrordshire, with 16,600 acres and about 6000 population. A glance
at the map shows however that Tring and Luton are but a fisw miles apart and a resident in
one town might easily be well known in the other.— W|];«i4UH H. Wuitmobb.

and payable Then I will that the Legacie of her dying shalbe paid to the
other surviving. Item I give and bequeath unto John Washington, William
Washington, Elizabeth Washington, Margarett Washington & Martha Wash-
ington (children of the said Amphilis Washington my daughter in Lawe)
The some of Eight and Twenty poundes a peece of Curr* mony to be paid
to them att theire seu'all & respective Ages of One and Twenty years, To
be putt out in the meane tyme for theire best benefitt & advantage And my
will and meaning is that if any of the said ffiue children viz' John, William,
Elizabeth, Margarett and Martha Washington shall happen to die before his
her or theire Legacie or Legacies shall become due & payable, That
then the Legacie or Legacies of him, her or them soe dying shalbe
equally divided amongst the rest of them the said five children surviving.
Item I give and bequeath unto Susan Emmerton of Tring aforesaid widd
the some of ffifty shillings to be paid to her within sixe monthes after my
decease. All the rest of my goodes Catties and chatties & grsonall estate
not heerin given and disposed of, my debts and Legacies heerin giuen paid
and my fun^all chardges defrayed I give unto the said Lawrance Washing-
ton the young' my Godsonne whome I make sole and whoUe executo' of
this my last Will and Testam* And I earnestly desire John Dagnall of
Groue within the pish of Tring aforesaid yeoman John Lake of Willsf^ne
aforesaid Gent' & the said Willm Roades and Elizabeth flStzherbert to take
upon them (for the sole benefitt & behoof e of the said Lawrance Washing*
myne Executo') The admi'stracon of my goodes & Chatties during
the minoritie of the said Lawrance Washing' & to see the due pformance
of this my said Will, And I doe giue unto them Tenn shillinges a peece All
former Wills by me made I doe heerby Revoake & repeale and declare
this to be my last Will and Testament. In Wittnes Whereof I the said
Andrew Knowling haue heereunto putt my hand and seale the day and
yeare first above written.

Andrew Knowling.
Sealed subscribed published and q^ his m'ke

deliu'ed in the p'nce of

John flStzherbert William Dagnalle

Thomas Norman James Benning, his m'ke

I B

Itm I will this to be pt of my Will viz* I giue and bequeath unto W™
Knowling beau' maker in old Bridewell Lond* the sonie of fewer pounds
to buy him a Ring

William Dagnalle

James [I B] Benning his m'ke

Thomas Norman

John ffitzherbert (testibus)

Yicesimo nono die Mensis Januarij Anno dni stilo Anglie 1649 apud
Whethampsted p m'm Gulielmu Dauis in Artibus Magrm surrogatu
YeSrlis viri JohaSis Jackson in legibus bacchalaurei Offitis etc. CoMissa fuit
Admstraco oiu et singloru bonorti iuriu etc hmoi Andree Knowlinge
gen'osi nug de Tryng defuncti unacu testafiito suo hmoi annexe Johanni
Dagnall et Guilielmo Roades in testMo prdco nominatis quos dms consti-
tuit in Curatores seu Gardianos Laurentio Washington Juniori dci testaMti
executor! etatis 14 aorti vel circiter ac quibas acceptaS officiu in se Gar-
dianoru seu Curatoru p'd de bene et fideir adm'straiid etc. Obligtur dci
Johes Dagnall de Tryng p'd Yeoman et Guilfiius Roades de Middle Clay-
don Cofii Bucks : gefi in 1000"

Through this happy discovery we are at last introduced, in all
probability,, to the immediate fc^mily of the two emigrants to Yirginia^
their mother, brother, thre^ sisters, uncle, aunts, cousins and grand-
father by marriage ; for I suppose we may reasonably infer the
marriage of Mr. Andrew Knowling with the widowed mother of
WilliaEQ Eoades, Amphillis Washington, Elizabeth Fitzherbert and
Susanna Billing. The name of the husband of Amphillis is not
given, but from the fact that the executor and reaiduary legatee
named in the will is called Lawrence Washington the younger, we
may also conjecture that his father's name was Lawrence.

A visit to Tring came next in order. There I was most cordially
received by the Vicar of that parish, the Kev. W. Quennell, who,
having a taste for such investigations and being evidently pleased
that I had traced the Washington family to his parish, was kind
euough to assist me. The Begisters previous to 1634, I found,
were not in very good order, and I made a rather hasty examination
of them. That beginning 1634 was entitled ^* A Begester Booke
conteaning all the names hereafter Named either Baptized, Married
or Buried. Bought by Maister Andreu Knolinge, Bichard Hunton "
(and others, whose names are given and who are called churchwar-
dens). In it I found the following : —

Baptisms,

Crisames aenc our Ladie daye Anno Dom 1635 Layaranc sonn of
Layarance Washington June the xxiii*

Baptized senc our Ladye daye Anno dom 1636 Elizabeth da of Mr
Larranc Washington Aug xvii

Baptized senc Mickellmas daye Anno Dofii i64i William sonn of Mr
Larrance Washentoa baptized the xiiij^ daij

J^iaU,

Andrew Knolling was bur^ this xxi^ of January 1 649.

£dward Fitzherbert bur. the iii of May 1654.

Mrs Washington bur: ye xix of Jan: 1654.

Mr John Dagnall of the Grove bur^ 17 Aug. 1691.

This confirnGied my conjecture that the father's name was Law-
rence; apd^ froni the fact that the son was called ^^ Lawrence
Washiugton the younger" in Mr. Knowling's will, it is plain that
the father was alive when that will was made, in January, 1649-50.
I did not find the baptisms of John, Margaret or Martha Washing-
ton, and could not therefore determine the age of John Washington
at the date of his immigration to Virginia. Fortunately this was
settled, near eqough, i^ another way. My next discovery was the
following : —

February 1655 liie Eighth day Lres of adSon yssued forth to John
Washington the nrall and lawful! sone of Amphillis Washington late of
Tring in the County of Hertford de6d to adster the goodes Chells and
debtes of the said deed Hee beeing fb^st sworne truly to adster &c.

Admon. Act Book (P. C. C), 42.
2

From this I drew two inferences : first, that Mr. Lawrence
Washington, husband of Amphillis and father of John and Lawrence,
had predeceased his wife; and, secondly, that John Washington, to
whom the letters of Admon. issued, was the eldest son. As we
have seen, Lawrence was baptized in the summer of 1635 and
Elizabeth in 1636. John could not have been born later than 1634,
and must have been at least twenty-one years of age at the grant of
admon., and twenty-three in 1657, the date of emigration.

My next endeavor was to find, if possible, the wills of William
E.oades, Elizabeth Fitzherbert and John Dagnall. The first, which
I soon found, was as follows : —

William Roades (residence not mentioned) 19 September 1657, proved
17 November 1658. To my son John twelve pence and to his wife and
two children, William and Anne Roades, twelve pence apiece. To my
grand child William Lee twelve pence, and my best bible after my wife's
decease. The residue to be divided into four parts, of which one part to
my wife and the other three parts to my daughters Hannah, 'Hester and
Sarah Roades. My wife to be executrix.

The will was proved by Hannah Roades, the widow.

Wootton (P. C. C), 608.

As his place of abode had not been mentioned I called for the
Probate Act Book for that year, and found that the testator was of
Middle Claydon, Bucks.

The will of Mr. John Dagnall, of Grove, I also found after some-
thing of a search, but got no help from it. He only named his
immediate family. My search after Mrs. Fitzherbert was a much
longer one. At last I came upon the wills of a family of that name,
settled in Oxfordshire, which seemed to me worth saving.

Robert Fitzherbert of Begbrooke, Oxon. Esq., 2 August 1636, proved
22 November 1636. Mentions children of brother William Fitzherbert,
sister Dyonis Fitzherbert, children of sister Morgan (William, James and
Mary), John Fitzherbert, one of the sons of brother Humfrey Fitzkerbert
deceased, niece Anne Clement, brother Edward Fitzherbert and his children,
John, Edward and Mary, sister Ursula and her children, Thomas, Solymie
and Mary, and her grandchild Robert Kente. Thomas Leeke (alias Leake)
son of my half brother John Leake deceased. Pile (P. C. C), 107.

Edward Fitzharbert of Middleston Stony, Oxon. Gen^ 10 June 1639.
My body to be buried in the parish Church of Middleston Stony, near sou
Nicholas, deceased. To wife Elizabeth my lease of house and two yards
&c. in same parish. Eldest son John, son Edward and daughter Mary
Fitzherbert. Brother John Fitzharbert of Bagbrooke Esq. to be executor.

The executor having renounced commission issued to Elizabeth Fitzhar-
bert, the widow, 5 May, 1642. Cambell (P. C. C), 70.

John Fitzherbert the elder, of Begbrooke, Oxon. Esq., 1 April 1649,
proved 25 April 1649. Mentions nephew John, son of brother Edward
deceased (evidently regarded as heir), nephew Edward and niece Mary
Fitzherbert, also children of deceased brother Edward; kinsman Mr.
Thomas Hinton and Mr. John Garrett, both of Great Tue, Oxon. The
witnesses were John Fitzherbert, Elizabeth Fitzherbert and John Goad,
cleric. Fairfax (P, C. C), 49.

John Fitzherbert, of Bedbrooke, Oxon. Esq., 26 May 1658, proved 23
March 1660. MeDtions friends Thomas Hinton of Banbury, Oxon., and
John Garrett, of Great Tewe, Oxon., Gen* ; my manor of Begbrooke ; wife
Anne ; my three younger sons, William, Thomas and John (under fourteen) ;
eldest son Francis ; daughters Elizabeth and Mary Fitzherbert ; father in
law Edward Atkins, one of the Justices of the Common Bench.

May (P. C. C), 44.

My reason for saving these wills was that I guessed Mrs. Elizabeth
Fitzherbert might be the widow of Edward Fitzherbert. Her son
John was a witness of Mr. Knowling's will. Her son Edward was
buried at Tring. (It was her nephew John, however, who inherited
the manor of Begbrooke.) This was for a long time only a guess,
until, at last, it was converted into a certainty by the following will :

Elizabeth Fitzherbert, of Much Waltham, Essex, widow, 23 February,
1684, proved 29 November 1689. She devised all her lands and tenements
&c. in Tring, Herts., and the houses and lands called Makins, in Middleton
Stony, Oxford, and all her estate and rights &c. in them to John Freeman,
of Luton, Bedfordshire, gentleman, and Samuel Marshall of Norstend,
Much Waltham, Esq. (in trust) during the joint lives of John Rotheram,
of Much Waltham, Esq., and Mary his wife, her daughter, to pay the rents,
issues and profits of the said houses in Tring &c. to the said Mary, with
other provisions in case of their deaths; and the said John Freeman, of
Luton, was to be executor of the will. Ent (P. C. C), 154.

Although somewhat disappointed that neither of these wills men-
tioned the Washingtons and so I was not yet possessed of the
positive evidence for which I had been seeking in order to prove
beyond a doubt the identity of the Virginians with John and Law-
rence of Tring, yet I was, on the whole, satisfied with that of Mrs.
Fitzherbert, which, by its mention of Luton, strengthened the
probabilities of the case. And I was well aware that the family of
Rotheram was a very important one in Luton and its neighborhood
(see the Visitations of Bedfordshire), and that through marriages
they were connected with Tring as well.

A pedigree of this family of Fitzherbert may be found in the
Visitations of Oxford (Harleian So. Pub.).

All this time I was seeking to find an answer to the question, who
was this Mr. Lawrence Washington, the father of these children?
That he was styled " Mr." on the church Register meant that he was
either a clergyman or a person of some importance, and I had a sus-
picion, which I hardly dared to breathe, that he might be that
parson of Purleigh, about whom I have for years had the feeling
that if he could only be hunted down we might possibly be able to
dispel the mystery enveloping the lineage of Washington. It is
perhaps needless to say that I determined to watch most carefully
for even the slightest indication of a clew which might lead to the
identification of this Lawrence Washington of Tring. First of all,
it seemed best to examine with the greatest care all the papers

connected with the probate of Mr. KnowHng's will, partly for the
purpose of making the full copy of that will which I intended to
publish in extensOy and partly in the hope that I might come upon
something or other, not yet known, which would help me a stage
further in my research. I found the will, as 1 have already given
it. I found also an inventory of the personal property of the testator,
appraised 23 January, 1649, at 534£. ll^ 8^.

Connected with these papers was a bond of guardianship made
by John Dagnall of Grove ifa the parish of Tring, co. Herts,
Yeoman, in the sum of fifty pounds, dated 29 January, 1649 (50), as
guardian and curator of the two daughters of Susan Billing deceased^
begotten of her body by her late husband John Billing, of Lillington
iti the CO. of Bucks, tallow chandler, the said John Dagnall having
been appointed their guardian, &c., for the reason that he was the
husband of Elizabeth Dagnall, sister* by the mother to the said two
daughters.

It will be noticed that this bond was made on the very same day
that the will of Mr. Knowling was produced and Admoh. granted^
in court at Whethampsted, and the bond was undoubtedly drawn ttp
and signed there.

I then saw a little bit of paper, doubled or folded upon itself,
which upon opening seemed about three inches long and from an
inch and a half to two inches wide, and covered with writing.
Seeing, at a glance, that it wa6 evidently an official memorandum of
the issuing of the letters of guardianship and of the oath taken by
Mr. Dagnall for the faithful performance of hi« trust, I did not read
it through but at once set about copying it in full, little realizing the
start of surprise and gratification I should experience when I should
come to the end of what proved to be the most valuable and impoir-
tant bit of genealogical evidence that I ever saw or ever expect to
see in the course of my gleanings. This little memorandum was as
follows : —

M*" qd 29^ die Januarij Anno dni 1649^ apud Whethatnsted concessae
faerunt Irae Curatoriae ad lites daabus filiabus Susannse Banning defi
legatariis in testfiio hufiioi Andrese Knowlinge ^recug-acone legatoru eisdem
in dco testmo donai at de dispoBicoe eorunde ad usu et commodu dcarii
filiaru duran earfl respS minori aetata et fidelr se gerend etc. et da reddo
Comp£o etc JohSi Dagnall de Grove gochisB de Tring marito Elizabathr»
matartarae dfiaru filiarQ iura£ etc cora

pnta ma Guil : Rolfe Laurentio Washington

nofio pubco in Art : magro Surrog : Omlis

etc hac vice
Obligtur dcus JohSs Dagnall in 50".

It will be noted that Susanna's name in this memorandum is
Benning, instead of Billing, a confusion of the two liquid sounds 1

* In the original ** Aunte '* had been first written, and then a line drawn through it and
** sister " written above, with a caret beneath the line.— h. p. w.

and n which may be noticed in other languages as well as English.
Moreover ^^ matertercB^^ (aunt by the mother) is left uncorrected.
The correction, however, was made in the bond, which is in the
English language. Probably Mr. Dagnall read it over before sign-
ing and noticed the error.

Here we have proof of identification, and of the most positive and
concIuBive character. There cannot be the least doubt that this
Lawrence Washington, M.A., was the husband of Amphillis and
the father of her children. He was there in the Archdeacon's Court
at Whethampsted, evidently to protect the interests of that wife and
those children, who, under the will presented and allowed in court
that day, were to receive the bulk of Mr. Knowling's personal estate,
while the second son, Lawrence, as the acknowledged heir of his
godfather and the executor of his will, was to inherit the real estate
of the deceased and all the residuum of the personal estate after the
debts, legacies and funeral expenses and other charges should have
been settled and paid. There can be but little doubt that this same
Lawrence Washington, M. A., who was acting as temporary Surrogate
in the Archdeacon's Court on this occasion, was a clergyman ; for that
court was an ecclesiastical one, and the office of Surrogate in Testa-
mentary courts was usually, if not invariably, held by a clergyman.
The father of these children, then, was a clergyman and a Master of
Arts. We have record of only one Lawrence Washington to whom
that would apply, namely the fifth ( ?) son of Lawrence Washington
of Sulgrave, brother of Sir William Washington of Packington, and
of Sir John Washington of Thrapston. He was student. Lector and
Fellow of Brasenose, and in 1631 Proctor of the University of
Oxford, and afterwards Rector of Purleigh. The long search after
the true line of ancestry of our Washington, begun in 1791, was
practically brought to a successful close when that little paper was
discovered on Monday, the third of June, 1889.

My next object was to find out, if possible, how it was that Mr.
Lawrence Washington became acquainted with people in Tring,
what influences led him thither, and how he came to settle there or
in its neighborhood apparently after his ejection from Purleigh in
1643. With that end in view I went to the British Museum and
consulted the various Histories of Herts, by Salmon, Chauncy,
Clutter buck and Cussans, reading everything they liad to say about
Tring and the families seated in its neighborhood; and I made
another interesting discovery, and one very much to the point. The
manor of Pendley, which is partly within the parish of Tring and
partly in the neighboring parish of Aid bury, but with its caput
maneriiy or manor house, in the former parish, held, 10 Edward I.,
by John d'Aygnel, and thence descending finally to the family of
Verney, was sold by Sir Francis Verney to Richard Anderson, Esq.,
who held a court there. Anno 5 Jac, /., and was knighted two years
afterwards. Sir Kichard Anderson's wife, Mary, was a daughter of
2*

Robert, Lord Spencer, Baron of Wormleighton, owner of the manor
of Althorp in Northampton, the great friend of the Washingtons of
Sulgrave and Brington, as the old account books preserved at Althorp
show* (see Col. Chester's paper already referred to). This was
strong corroboration of the other evidence identifying this Mr.
Lawrence Washington, if corroboration were needed, and it was also
a complete answer to those questions which had been raised in my
mind about the influences which brought Mr. Washington to Tring.
This Sir Richard Anderson seems to have been by far the most im-
portant parishioner then living in Tring, where he died 3 August,
1632, and was buried within the chancel rail of the parish church.
His widow. Dame Mary Anderson, afterwards lived in Richmond
Surrey, but was buried at Tring, July, 1658. I examined the will
of Sir Richard Anderson, and was gratified to find further evidence
confirming my conjecture. It was as follows :

Sir Richard Anderson of Pendly in the county of Hartford knight,
5 October 1630, proved 27 August 1632. To the poor of Bitterly in
Shropshire, Norton in Glostershire, Corringham in Essex, Albury, Tringe
and Wigginton in Hartfordshire, to each parish five pounds. To the town
of Tringe ten pounds to be added and employed, with that money already
there in stock, to set the poor on work, which money of my own and some
others given to that use is in ifFeoffee's hands at this time thirty pounds. To
my uncle Francis Garaway or, if dead, amongst his children, twenty pounds ;
to my uncle M^ John Bowyer and my two cousins, his sons John and Francis,
either of them, ten pounds. To my brother in law Mr. Thomas Cowly,
now consul at Sante, twenty pounds.

Item I bequeath to Mr. Robinson's two sons, one of Pembrooke College,
the other of Albourne Hall, and to my cousin Larance Washington of
Brasenose and to Mr. Dagnall of Pembrock College, to each of them forty
shillings.

To my wife (over and above her jointure) bedding and household stuff,
belonging in my father's time to a house he had in Chiswick, &c. &c. My
bigger diamond ring to my daughter Elizabeth. I will and bequeath to my
dear and only surviving sister the Lady Spencer of Offley twenty pounds.
To the Right Hon. the Lord Spencer, Robert Needham Esq., Richard
Spencer Esq., Sir Edward Spencer knight and Sir Thomas Derham knight,
my worthy brothers-in-law, ten pounds each. Provision made for second

* It seems proper to state that these extracts from the Althorp documents were
first published in 1860 by Rev. John Nassau Simpkinson, then rector of Brington,
in Northamptonshire, now rector of North Creake, in Norfolk. This gentleman being
greatly interested in the supposed identity of the emigrants to Virginia with John and
Lawrence of his parish, wrote a very pleasant story about the Washingtons, and appended
many extracts from the household books of Lord Spencer. When Col. Chester utterly
upset this theory, Mr. Simpkinson wrote a manly letter to the New York Nation, printed
15th April, 1880, acknowledging his mistake. Now, however, that the fact seems estab-
lished that all the facts collected related to the father and the uncles of our Virginians, it
is to be hoped that his book will again meet public favor. Very curiously in that letter
Mr. Simpkinson refers to Col. Chester's collections which had been shown to him in confi-
dence, and adds, " that some of these documents seemed to me to supply strong presumptive
proof that the emigrants would be found, after all, to have sprung from the Northampton-
shire stock, though of a generation below that which was erroneously pointed out." This
hint makes one seriously doubt if Col. Chester were wise in declining to print his collections
and surmises until he had full proof, and also to hope that these collections will no
longer remain secluded from our knowledge until they shall have lost all value and interest
by the independent researches of others. — W. H. Whithoke.

son Robert and third son John, and two younger sons William and Richard
(under one and twenty). Eldest daughter Elizabeth, second daughter Mary
and third daughter Frances (all unmarried). To five younger daughters,
Margaret, Katherine, Penelope, Ann, and Bridgett. Son Henry. My
wife Dame Mary. The manor of Corringham in Essex. Cousin Henry
Derham gent. Audley, 86 (P. C. C).

Nothing could be better than this. Having found Mr. Washing-
ton at Tring, or in its neighborhood, I was now able to show through
what influence he was led to go there.

Similar questions arose as to the connection of William Roades of
Middle Claydon, Bucks, with Tring and its neighborhood, and the
connection of the Washington family of Sulgrave and Brington with
Middle Claydon ; important questions if the hypothesis which 1 had
assumed was correct, viz. that William Roades, Amphillis Washing-
ton, Susanna Billing and Elizabeth Fitzherbert, were all step-chil-
dren of Mr. Knowling and children of - Roades deceased, either
of Tring or of Middle Claydon. Looking into Lipscomb's History of
Buckinghamshire I found that the manor of Middle Claydon passed
to the Verney family between 1434 and 1467, in which latter year
it belonged to Sir Ralph Verney, knight and alderman of London.
But this was the very family which held the manor of Pendley, in
Tring and Aldbury, as their chief seat for so many generations until,
as I have said. Sir Francis Verney sold it in 1607 to Sir Richard
Anderson. The manor of Middle Claydon had been leased in 1535
for one hundred years to the GifFord family and from them to Mr.
Martin Lister, who, in 1620, when the lease had but fifteen years to
run, surrendered it to Sir Edmund Verney a brother of Sir Francis.

Here then was a promising clew to follow in order to get at the
connection between Tring and Middle Claydon, and 1 thought it
well worth the while to hunt for Sir Edmund Verney's will, which I
soon found. The following is an abstract : —

Sir Edmund Verney of Middle Cleydon, in the co. of Bucks knight, 26
March, 14 Charles, A.D. 1639, proved 23 December, 1642. My body I
will shall be interred in the chancel of the parish church of Middle Cleydon.
To the poor of that parish twenty pounds. To my son Thomas Verney,
for and during his natural life, one annuity or yearly sum of forty pounds
payable quarterly. To my son Henry a similar annuity of thirty pounds.
To my son Edmund and every of my daughters, Susanna, Penelope, Mar-
garet, Cory, Mary and Elizabeth respectively, the sum of five pounds. To
my cousin Edmund Verney, son of my uncle Urian, an annuity of five
pounds, payable quarterly. To my niece Dorothy Leeke twenty pounds.

Item I do give and bequeath unto my servant John Roades of Middle
Cleydon aforesaid for and during his natural life an annuity or yearlie
Bume of ten pounds of lawf ull money of England to be paid unto him everie
yeare for that tyme at the before menconed foure fests by even porcons.
The first paiefit thereof to be made att such of the said fests as shall first
come and be next after my decease. To my servant Thomas Chauncy an
annuity of five pounds. To my daughter in law Mary Verney, wife of my

son Ralph Vernej, forty pounda for tke buying of her a ring. To my
dear mother Dame Margaret Yarney' all such moneys as are, at the day of
the date of this my last will, in her custody and which were not delivered
by me or by my appointment unto her to make payment thereof for me.
Certain other bequests to wife &c Son Ralph Verney to be sole executor.
William Roades one of the witnesses. Campbell, 129 (P. C. C).

Can it be doubted for one instant that the William Koades, who
witnessed the above will, was the very same person mentioned in
Mr. Andrew Knowling's will? or that John Roades, to whom the
annuity of ten pounds was left, was one of this family? Was it
possible to learn anything more about them? The Camden Society
published in 1853 some " Letters and Papers of the Verney Family,
down to the end of the year 1639" (John Bruce, Esq., Editor).
On page 208 1 found that this John Roades was called Sir Edmund's
bailiff at Claydon. In 1639 (1st April) Sir Edmund wrote from
Yorke to his son Ralph, then at the family residence in Co vent
Garden, London, as follows : ^^ I thinck my man Peeter and I am
parted ; if he comes to Lundon bee not deceaved by any falce mes-
sage ; wright privately as much to Roades." The Christian name
is not given. On the 21st of June (1639) he writes from camp to
his son : " I pray write to Will Roads presently to inquire out some
grass for geldings, for I have bought fifty horses and geldings out of
one troope, and they will bee at Cleydon about tenn dayes hence.
The horses I will keepe att bowse till I can sell them." What ever
position John Roades may have held, it seems quite evident that in
June, 1639, William Roades was bailiff at Middle Claydon. On
the 25th of May, 1636, was issued a Warrant from Spencer, Earl
of Northampton, Master of His Majesty's Leash, addressed " To all
justices of peace, mayors, sheriffs, bayliffs, constables, and aU other
majesties officers and ministers to whom it shall or may appertayne,"
authorizing William Roads of Middle Claidon and Ralph Hill of
Wendover, servants of Sir Edmund Verney, knight marshal of
His Majesty's household, as deputies and assignees, for the space of
six whole and entire years next enauing, to take and seize to his
majesty's use, and in his majesty's namie, within all places within the
county of Buckingham such and so many greyhounds, both dogs
and bitches, in whose custody soever they may be, as the said
William Roads and Ralph Hill shall think meet and convenient for
his majesty's disport and recreation &c., and also to seize and take
away all such greyhounds, beagles or whippets as may anywise be
offensive to his majesty's game and disport.

Sir Edmund Verney was in his youth one of the household of
Prince Henry. On the 7th of January, 1610-11, he was knighted.
In 1613 he was taken into the household of Prince Charles as one
of the gentlemen of the privy chamber. In 1622 be was appointed
to the lieutenancy of Whaddon Chase, an office in the gift of George
Villiers, then marquis of Buckingham and keeper of Wheddon, and

an interesting letter to Sir Edmund from Sir Eichard Graham, one
of the Marquis of Buckini^ham's gentlemen, relating to this appoint-
ttieiat may be fbtind on page 106 of the Verney Papers. In 1623
he visited Madrid with otJier officers and gentlemen of the Prince's
household, Prince Charles and Buckingham having already preceded
tfa^m on that romantic expedition, undertaken for the purpose of
seeing the Spanish infanta. In the service of the prince^ as a page^
was a Mr. Thomas Washington, whom Col. Chester satisfactorily
identified as the sixth 9on of Lawrence Washington of Sulgrave and
Brington, Liawrence, husband of Amphillis> being the fifth. Tiie
following extract from "Familiar Letters on Important Subjects,
wrote from the year 1628 to 1650 by James Howell, Esq., Clerk of
the Privy Council to King Charles I." (tenth edition, Aberdeen,
1713), becomes of interest to us> The letter was dated Madrid^
August 15, 1623.

^ Mr. 'Washington the Prince's Page is lately dead of a calenture,
and I was at his burial, under a fig-tree behind my Lord of BristctF^
house. A little before his death one Ballard an English Priest
went to tamper with hira : and Sir Edward Vamey meeting him
coming down the stairs of Wushington^a ehamber, they fell finoiA
Words to blows, but they were parted. The business was like to
gather very illblood and come to a great height, had not Count
Qondamar quasht it ; which I believe he could not have done,
unless the times had been favourable, for such is the reverence they
bear to the Church here, and so holy a conceit they have of all
ecclesiastics, that the greatest Don in Spain will tremble to offer
the meanest of them any outrage or affront."

Thus we see that Sir Edmund Verney was intimate with one, at
least, of the Washingtons and probably with others of the family,
as two of them were for a time close neighbors to him, Sir William
Washington, at Leckhampstead, and Sir Lawrence Washington, the
Register of Chancery, at Westbury. And there was a connection
of the Verney, Washington, Spencer and Fitzherbert families with
the Leake* family which is yet to be unravelled. At any rate I
think I have presented evidence enough to show how the Roades
fEimily may have been connected with Tring and Tring people, and
how and where Lawrence Washington the student and Fellow of
Brasenose may have made the acquaintance of his future wife. But
the same evidence seems to show that it was a match which would
not be likely to meet with the approval of the rest of the family,
allied as they were to the Villiers, Sandys, Pargiter, Verney and other

• The father of Dorothy Leake, called niece in Sir Edhinnd Vemey'a will (often referred
to in the family letters as Doll Leake), was Sir John Leake, son and heir of Mr. Jasper
Leake of Edmonton. Her mother was Ann Turvill, daughter of Geoffrey Turvill, Esq., by
Mary (Blakeney). As the widow Tnrvtll afterwards became the wife of Sir Bdmnnd
Verney (the elder) of Pendley and mother of Sir Edmnnd the Knight Marshal, the Lady
Ann Leake was the latter*s half sister. 1 have yet to learn who the Penelope Leake was,
whom Mrs. Elizabeth Washington of Brington called cousin.

families then of good social standing; and, in connection with this,
it is worth noting that I have thus far seen no mention of Mr.
Lawrence Washington in any of the wills of the family or their
connections after this marriage, which must have been soon after the
resignation of the fellowship (March, 1632-3).

I now went to the Public Record oflSce and examined the ex-
chequer : First Fruits, Bishop's certificates. Diocese of London
(from April, 1630, to April, 1635), and looked over the "Names
and cognomens of all and singular Clerks collected, admitted or
instituted to any Benefice, &c., in the Diocese of London, and of
patrons, &c., from 12 Sept. 1632, to 16 April," &c., and found the
following :

Essex ; Dengy, Decimo quarto die mensis Martii Anno pred Laurentius
Washington eticus in Artibus magr admissus fuit ad Rcoria de Purleigh
CoM Essexie per pntaconem Janse Horzmanden patronisssB pro hoc vice.

I also found in the book of compositions for First Fruits the
following :

xll° die martii 1632 Anno Regni dfii nri nunc Caroli Regis &c. octavo.

Essex. Purleigh. R. Laurentius Washington ctic comp pro p'mittis
Rcorie pred ext. at xxv decia inde 1'. Obligant' dctus Laurentius, Thomas
Beale de Yorkhill in Cofii Hereff gefl et Willus Smith goehie b£e Marie
de la Savoy Inholder.

This living he held until 1643, when he was ejected, by order of
Parliament, as a Malignant Royalist. This information is given on
page 4 of "The First Century of Scandalous, Malignant Priests
Made and admitted into Benefices by the Prelates, in whose hands
the ordination of Ministers and Government of the church hath
been," published by John White and printed by George Miller, by
order of Parliament, 17 Nov. 1643. The case of Mr. Washington
is No. 9 on the list, and is as follows :

The Benefice of Lawrence Washington, Rector of Purleigh in the
County of Essex is sequestred, for that he is a common frequenter of
Ale-houses, not onely himselfe sitting dayly tippling there, but also incourag-
ing others in that beastly vice, and hath been oft drunk, and hath said, That
the Parliament have more Papists belonging to them in their Armies than the
King had about him or in his Army, and that the Parliaments Armie did
more hurt than the Cavaliers, and that they did none at all; and hath pub-
lished them to be Traitours, that lend to or assist the Parliament.

In an account of the suflferings of the clergy, by John Walker
(London, 1714), I found, in Part U. 395**, the following remarks
upon this case :

Washington, Lawrence, A.M., Purleigh R., one of the best Livings in
these Parts: To which he had been Admitted in March 1632, and was
Sequestred from in the year 1643; which was not thought Punishment
enough for him; and therefore he was also put into the Century, to be
transmitted to Posterity, as far as that Infamous Pamphlet could contribute
to it, for a Scandalous^ as well as a Malignant Minister^ upon these weighty

considerations ; That he had said (then follows the extract given above in
italics, begiDDing " The Parliament/* &c.)

It is not to be supposed that such a Malignant could be less than a
Drunkard ; and accordingly he is charged with frequent Commissions of
that Sin ; and not only so, but with encouraging others in that Beastly
Vice. Altho' a Gentleman (a Justice of the Peace in this County) who
Personally knew him, assures me, that he took him to be a very Worthy,
Pious man, that as often as he was in his Company he always appeared a
very Moderate, Sober Person ; and that he was Received as such, by several
Gentlemen, who were acquainted with him before he himself was : Adding
withal, that he was a Loyal Person, and had one of the best Benejices in
these Parts ; and this was the Only cause of his Expulsion^ as I verily believe.
After he subjoyns. That Another Ancient Gentleman of his Neighborhood,
agrees with him in this Account. Mr. Washington was afterwards per-
mitted to Have and Continue upon a Living in these Parts ; but it was
such a Poor aud Miserable one, that it was always with difficulty, that any
one was persuaded to Accept it*

We have here the two sides of the story. Whatever judgment
we may form as to the charge of being " oft drunk " (\vhich I my-
self am inclined to reject, or at least view with leniency) , we can
have no doubt as to his having been a plain and outspoken Royalist*
We have the evidence of both sides as to that. How was it, now,
with his kindred, friends and connections in that respect? So far as
we can learn about them in the records, most of them were on the
losing side, as well. To instance a few of them, we have seen that
two of his elder brothers, William and John, had been knighted,
which rather points that way ; the former married Anne Villiers,
half sister to the first Duke of Buckingham of that family, the Royal
favorite. His eldest son, Henry Washington, nephew of the per-
secuted parson of Purleigh, was a Colonel in the Royalist Army,
and, according to an account which I have seen. Governor of the
ever loyal city of Worcester. He was called " late of the City of
Worcester " in October, 1649, when he was obliged to " compound "
for having been in arms against Parliament. Col. William Legge,
who married Elizabeth, one of the sisters of the loyal Colonel, was
a notorious Royalist, and endured great hardships on account of it.
We have only to look through the Docket of the Signet ofiice to

* I woald here offer a criticism which Mr. Waters may have felt a scrapie about making.
Col. Chester, in his essay, after quoting this last paragraph, adds, " It is to be hoped that
some farther trace of him [Rev. Lawrence Washington] may yet be discovered in the
neighborhood of Parleigh, where, putting the tuual construction upon Walker*8 language,
he continned in his profession of a clergyman after the Restoration, and consequently
some years after the date of his namesake's emigration to Virginia."

It seems to me, that unless a number of instances can be shown f^om Walker's book, the
usual construction would not at all imply that Washington continued to live and serve till
after the Revolution of 1660. He was ejected fh>m Purleigh in 1643; if he lived till 1653
or 1654, this would be such a ** continuance " as would fully meet Walker's terms.

In fact. Col. Chester was so strongly convinced that Sir John and Rev. Lawrence were
not the emigrants to Virginia (an opinion in which all our readers will now concur), that
he seems to have over-stated walker's language, in order to prove that Lawrence was in
England after 1657, when his namesake was in Virginia. But it is more satisfactory still
to find, as Mr. Waters does, that Rev. Lawrence was dead before 1655 ; for in a pedigree,
as in politics, Stafford's merciless proverb is true, ** stone-dead hath no fellow."

W. H. Whitmobb.

\ewoi liow he wftft betrusted and rewarded by kis BojaI master.
Upon the Restoration, we are told, he was offered an earldom, but
feeling unable to support that dignity, spoke in the interest of his son
George, who, we know, was created Earl of Dartmouth. Sir Law-
rence Washington, the Register of Chajicery, actually died in Oxford,
1643, while it lyas held by the King's forces, haying gope thither
to attend the Royal Seal,^ as we are informed by Sir John TirreU of
Springfield, knight » who married Martha Washinglon, his daughter,
aad who was himself forced to pay a fine of eight hundred poundB
in compounding for his own loyalty. Spencer, Earl of North-
ampton, whose grandfather had taken, for a second wife, one of the
Spencer family of Althorp, and whose own mother was also a
Spencer, of another branch, was one of the most distinguished of the
l^oyalists, as were all his sons. He was n^ulcted most heavily for
the part he had taken against Parliament, although an attempt seems
.to have been made to relieve his estates in Bedfordshire, by putting
forward evidence to show that his accent collected the rents of these
estates not for him, but as agent, really, of Sir John Washing-
ton, '*by vertue of an extent w^*^ the said S' John Washington had
upon the estate of the said Earle in the said County of Bedford.*'
As to the Anderson family, we have seen that the kinsman and
friend of our Parson was knighted. His son and heir, Henry
Anderson, was created a Baronet by Letters Patent, dated 3 July,
1643 (see Chauncy's Herts), and we find that he also was obliged
to compound for his loyalty in 1646.

I might extend this list, but I think I have given enough to show
what the suiroundings of our Washiijgton family were in that
respect ; and I am quite sure I have seen enough myself to lead me
to form the opinion that there was quite a nest of Royalists in that
part of Herts and Bedfordshire, and I have litt}e doubt that it was
largely on that accoimt that Lawrence Washington, the royalist
clergyman, was led to seek that neighborhood and stay there. Hq
must have died, as we have seen, before 1655. His wife was buried
19 January, 1654—5, and their children were thus left orphans.
TTieir eldest son, John, was about twenty-thr^e or twenty-four in
1657 ; for it is to be presumed that Mr. Washington did not marry
until he had resigned his Fellowship in March, 1622-3 (according
to Col. Chester), and Lawrence, we knpw, wasi twenty-two iii
1657. Supposing them to have been young men of only ordinar^r
enterprise and ambition, with the desire to get on iip the world,
what chance had they in England at that time, known as belonging;
to a royalist family, with ^11, or most, of th?ir &iends» to whom, bjk
happier conditions, they might have applied for influence, roys^lists
like themselves, and Cromwell then most firmly seated in his Fro;r
tectorate ? The chances would seem to be utterly s^ainst thein. No
wonder their thoughts turned to Virginia, that transatlantic haven
and place of refuge for defeated royalists, which perhaps then first

received the name by which it has, since, more than once been called,
the home of the Cavaliers in America.

And though without influential friends to help them in old Eng-
land, had they no good friends to start them in the new world? To
this question I think I can give an affirmative answer. Their aunt
Margaret, after the death of her first husband, Samuel Thornton,
married again, into the Saudis family, one of whom is thus referred
to in the following will :

Nicholas Farrar, citizen and skinner of LondoD, 23 March 1619,
proved 4 April 1 620. My body to be buried in the place where it shall please
God to appoint. And for my worldly goods, first, whereas there is lately
given a beginning to the erecting and founding of a College in Virginia
for the conversion of Infidels' Children unto Christian Religion, my will is
that when the said College shall be erected and to the number of ten of the
infidels' children therein placed to be educated in Christian religion and
civility that then my executor shall give and pay the sum of three hundred
pounds unto the Company of Virginia, to be disposed of with the advice
and consents of Sir Edwin Sandys, now Treasurer of the Company, and
my son John Farrar, so as may most tend to the furtherance of that godly
work of the College and thereby to the advancement of God's glory. And
in the mean while until such time as the said College shall be erected and
at least ten of the infidels' children therein placed, until which time I will
not that the said three hundred pounds shall be paid or delivered by my
executor unto the Company of Virginia, my will is that my executor shall
pay and deliver yearly the sum of twenty and four pounds unto the hands
of Sir. Edwin Sandys and John Farrar, which said sum of twenty and four
pounds my will and desire is the said Sir Edwin Sandys aud John Farrar
shall yearly pay by eight pounds apiece to any three several persons in
Virginia, of good life and fame, that will undertake therewith to procure
and bring up each one of the Infidels' children instructing them carefully
in the grounds of Christian Religion and intreating them in all things so
Christianly as by the good usage and bringing of them up the Infidels may
be persuaded that it is not the intent of our nation to make their children
slaves but to bring them to a better manner of living in this world and to
the way of eternal happiness in the life to come.

Soame, 32 (P. C. C).

This Sir Edwin Sandys, of Northborne (Kent), second son of
Dr. Edwin Sandys, Archbishop of York, received the honor of
knighthood from King James I. (says Burke), and was distinguished
as a politician in that king's and in the subsequent reign. *^ He was
(says an old writer) a leading man in all parliamentary afifairs, well
versed in business, and an excellent patriot to his country, in defence
of which, by speaking too boldly, he, with Selden, was committed
into custody, 16 June, 1621, and not delivered thence till 18 July
following, which was voted by the House of Commons a great breach
of their privileges. He was treasurer to the undertakers for the
western plantations, which he eflTectually advanced, was a person
of great judgment, and, as my author saith, ingenio et gravitate
morum insigms.^' He died in 1629.
3

Alice Washington, another of the paternal aunts of these young
men, was married to Robert Sandys of London, eldest son of
Thomas, brother of this Sir Edwin. The widow of their cousin,
Col. Henry Washington, was, later, married to Samuel Sandys,
Esq., another nephew of Sir Edwin. And Sir Edmund Verney
had long before sent one of his sons, young Tom Verney, over to
Virginia. So it is evident that there was plenty of influence which
could be exerted in their favor to assist them in their Virginia scheme.

ADDITIONAL NOTES.

The following notes and abstracts, gathered during the past six
years, all relate, more or less, to this family of Washington :

Lawrence Washington of Souldgrave in the Co. of Northampton, gentle-
man, 18 October 1581, proved 11 February 1584. As concerning my
body, which, as it was made of earth, so must it return to dust and earth
again, I desire therefore and require mine *' exequitor " to cause the same
to be inhumate and buried in the parish church of Souldgrave aforesaid, in
the South Aisle there before my seat where I usually use to sit, according
to his discretion. To Mr. Walter Light a whole sovereign of gold and to
his now wife a " ducate " of gold. Towards the amending of Stanbridge
Lane twenty shillings. And I will that Roger Litleford shall have the
oversight in amending the said lane and bestowing the said twenty shillings.
And for his pains in that behalf to be sustained I will him two shillings.
And I will to every one of my sons' and daughters' children ^yq shillings
apiece, and to every one of my brother Leonard Washington's children six
shillings eight pence a piece willed to them by Parson Washington.* Also
I give to my brother Thomas Washington's children by his last wife forty
shillings. Also I devise to my son Lawrence Washington one goblet parcel
gilt, with the cover for the same, and four pounds of currant English
money to buy him a salt. And I further will to him one featherbed in the
gate-house, one feather bed over the day-house, one coverlet with a blue
lining, one coverlet in the gate-house chamber, two boulsters, two pairs of
blankets, four home made coverlets & four mattresses. Also I give to Law-
rence Washington, son to Robert Washington my son and heir apparent, the
ring which I usually wear. Also I forgive and acquit my brother Thomas
Washington of all such debts and duties as he by any manner of means oweth
unto me. And I forgive and discharge John Lagoe, sometime my servant,
of all such sums of money as he oweth unto me and of all rents and arrear-
ages of rents due unto me for such lands, tenements or hereditaments as he
holdeth of mine, by lease or otherwise, for term of my natural life. And I
will to every one of my servants which shall be in service with me at the
time of my decease twelve pence. Also I will that the said Robert Wash-
ington shall yearly give to my servant Symon Wood a livery coat and forty
shillings of currant English money for his wages yearly during his life.
And whereas I stand charged by the last will and testament of William
Bond, gentleman, for the amending and repairing of Preston Lane and for
the repairing of the way between Dalington and the Westbridge at North-

« This may have been Lawrence Washington, janior, presented to the living of Stotesbery
(Northampton^ by Lawrence Washington, senior, 16 May, 1559 (see Bridge's Hist, of
Northamptonsnirei 1. 203).

ampton called Spangstone, I earnestly require my executor and overseers to
call upon the said John Balgoye for the amending of the said places, for
that I have, long time heretofore, delivered into the hands of the said John
Balgaye the sum of ten pounds of currant English money for the repair-
ing of Preston Lane and twenty shillings for the amending of Spangston, for
that only use and purpose. Also I will and devise that widow Compton
shall have, hold, possess and enjoy for term of her life so much of one cot-
tage as she now possesseth in S nigra ve, so as she well and honestly behave
herself during her life, without making or doing any reparations thereupon
and without paying any rent therefor, other than one red rose at the feast
of Saint John Baptist yearly, if the same be demanded. And my further
meaning and intent is that the said Robert and his heirs shall from time
to time forever appoint some honest aged or impotent person to inhabit the
same cottage for term of life, and that such aged or impotent person
as shall not pay to my heirs any manner of rent therefor for term of his
life other than a red rose payable as aforesaid, nor shall be charged to
repair the same cottage during his or their lives. And my mind, intent
and meaning is that if any doubt, ambiguity or controversy shall appear to
arise or grow in respect of these presents then I will the same shall be de-
cided and determined by my overseers or any one of them. And of this
my last will and testament I constitute, ordain and appoint the said Robert
Washington my sole executor, and of the same I make and ordain my well
beloved and trusty friends the said William Baldwyn and William Pargiter
my overseers, desiring them to call on my executor if any default or slack-
ness shall evidently in him appear, for or towards the performance of this
my last will and testament, and for their pains I will to either of them
forty shillings. Witnesses, William Baldwin, William Pargiter, Robert
Calcott, George Woodward. Brudenell, 5 (P. C. C).

Northt. Laurence Washington.

Inq" taken at Rothewell in Co. Northt 24*** day of August, 26 Eliz.
[1584] before Arthur Broke Esq. Escheator, after the death of Laurence
Washington gent., by the oath of Henry Moore, William Craddocke &c. &c.
Jurors, who say that Laurence Washington was seised in fee of the Manor
of Sulgrave with the appurtenances to the Monastery of St. Andrew in the
town of Northampton [lately] belonging; also of all the messuages, lands
&c. in Sulgrave & Woodford to the same Monastery belonging; also of one
close of laud &c. [here follows a long list of lands in various places].

He being so seised by an Indenture made the 10*** day of Dec. 7 Eliz.
[1564] made between himself of the one part and Walter Light of Radwey
in Co. Warwick gent, of the other part, in consideration of a marriage
afterwards Solemnized between Robert Washington gent, then son & heir
apparent of the said Laurence and Elizabeth Light then daughter & sole
heiress of the said Walter Light, agreed for himself his heirs & administra-
tors with the said Walter Light, his heirs & administrators that before the
Feast of Piaster then next following that he (Laurence) would make with
certain persons indifferently chosen a firm and sufficient estate in two
messuages in the parish of Pattishill with their appurtenances : to hold the
same to the use of the said Laurence so long as the said Robert should live;
after his death, to the use of Elizabeth Light for life, for her jointure; after
her decease, to the use of the heirs male of Robert Washington ; for default
of such issue, to the use of the heirs male of Laurence Washington, younger

son of the said Laurence named in the writ; for default of such issue thea
to the use of the right heirs of Laurence Washington (the father) for ever.

Robert Washington afterwards took to wife the said Elizabeth who is
still alive at Sulgrave.

Laurence Washington (father) died on the 19*^ day of February now
last past; Robert Washington his son & heir was aged 40 years & more at
the time of taking this Inquisition.

The Manor of Sulgrave and other the premises in Sulgrave, Woodford Sg
Cotton are held of the King Hen. 8, his heirs & successors in capite by the
20^'' part of a knights fee, and are worth per ann. (clear) £ 15. 12s.
6d. &c. &c.

Chan. Inq". p. m. 26 Eliz. Part 1, N^ 179.

William Pargyter of Grytworth in the Co. of Northampton, gentleman,
18 January, 26*** year of the Reign of Elizabeth &c., proved 30 October
1584. To the church of Grytworth six shillings eight pence. To my soa
Christopher ten of my beasts, forty pounds of currant English money, after
the expiration of one whole year, forty of my ewes that shall be going in
my pasture in Stutesbury and forty of my store sheep that shall be going
in the fields of Grytworth, to be delivered at any time, upon request, run-
ning out of the pen. I do release unto Richard Knight, my son in law, all
debts whatsoever which he oweth me. To Ursula Knight, my daughter,
one yearly rent of three pounds six shillings eight pence of currant Eng-
lish money, to be paid to her yearly by my son Robert, his heirs, executors
or assigns, during the joint lives of the Lady Lawrence and of my said
daughter Ursula Knight. Ilo the said Christopher, my son, one dozen of
pewter vessell.

** Item I doe give & bequeath unto my brother Wasshington his childrea
fourty shillinges to be equally devided amongest them." To my sister
Pemerton ten shillings. To my cousin Robert Manley his wife ten shil-
lings. To my cousin Anne Crossewell ten shillings. To my cousin Anne
Manley ten shillings. To every of the children of my son in law Crescent
Buttery and Richard Knight the sum of forty shillings a piece, to be paid
or delivered to them on the day of their marriages. To William, son unto
Robert my son, my ring whereon my name is engraven. To Thomas Han-
cock ten shillings. To John Cowper my servant some of my apparell. To
the poor of Grytworth, Laurence Marston and Sulgrave. The residue to
son Robert, whom I make my sole executor. And I make and constitute
my well beloved and trusty friends William Baldwyn, Walter Light, Robert
Washington and Crescent Butterye, gent., overseers.

Watson, 31 (P. C. C).

Christoper Lighte of Horley, in the Co. of Oxon, gentleman, 16 July
1583, proved 29 October 1584. To be buried in parish church of Horley
under the gravestone where my father and mother were buried. My manor
of Horley, my manor of Horneton, in Oxfordshire, my messuage and land
in MoUington, Warwickshire, &c. &c. to my executors during the minority
of Richard Lighte my son. My brother Walter, Johan Halford, my sister,
and her children, vizt: Elizabeth Tyson and Ursula Halford. My cousin
Robert Pargyter and Christopher Pargytor, and Ursula Knight their sister.

** And whereas I stande bounde by obligation to paye to my Cosen Robert
Washington of Sowlgrave in the Countie of Northamptown gentleman, the
Some of one hundred poundes, yf I doe not suffer my Mannors, Landes and

Tenementes to discende onto him, my will is that my executors shall paye
unto my saide cosen Washington his executors or administrators the saide
sofiie of one hundred poundes w^in one yeare nexte after my deathe in
full satisfaction and pfourmance of the said Obligacon, And in discharge
of my promyse and agreement w'^ him made."

Wife Margaret. Five of the children of my sister Halford, viz : Thomas
Savage, Elizabeth Tyson, Blanch Halford, Margaret Nicholls and Ursula
Halford. I will and do desire my good brother-in-law Mr. William
Pargytor of Grytworth, Northampton, and my well beloved brother Mr.
Walter Lyght of Radwaye, Warwick, to be executors &c. My father-in-
law Mr. Thomas Sheldon and my friend Mr. Ancar Brent to be overseers.

In a codicil the testator says " Whereas William Pargetor one of my
exequitors hathe depted from this worlde longe sithence the makinge of my
will I doe therefore nowe make and constitute Robert Pargitor, my kyns-
man, to be one of my Exequitors insteade of the sayde William Pargytor
nowe deceased." Watson, 32 (P. C. C).

Sir John Spencer of Oldthroppe, in the Co. of Northampton, knight, 6
December, 42** Eliz: proved 11 January 1590. My body to be buried in
the chancell of Bringhton Church, where my ancestors lie buried, and my
funerall to be done in decent sort, not with great pomp according to the
order of the world in these days. All my goods &c. to Robert Spenser my
loving son whom I do ordain and make sole executor : and do ordain over-
seers of this my will my honorable good Lord the Lord Hunsden, Lord
Chamberlain to the Queen's Majesty, and my loving and assured good
brothers Sir William Spencer, knight, Tly)mas Spencer and Richard
Spencer, Esquires, and do devise to them four of my best horses or geldings
at their choice. To Lord Hunsden, further, one piece of plate, double gilt,
of the value of twenty marks to be made in such sort as it shall seem best
to my Executor. To my very loving friend Mr. William Baldwynne of
Bifield, Northampton, twenty pounds in consideration of his care and pains
in my law causes, and I will my son give him for me a good ambling
gelding.

Also I will and bequeath unto Elizabeth Washington the wife of Robert
Washington of Great Brinton, in the Co. of Northampton, in regard of her
pains about me in my sickness, twenty pounds. To Agnes Fawkner my
servant, over and above her wages, forty shillings. To Mr. Procter, parson
of Bodington, five pounds or an ambling nag of that price, at his choice.
And I give unto Mr. Thomas Campion my minister the presentation of the
next Parsonage that shall fall, and if it be not to his contentment then to
take that until a better do fall, and then to resign the worst and to take the
best, the which I will and command my son to perform. I give to Stephen
French and John Spencer, two of my servants that wait upon me in my
chamber, forty pounds to each of them.

Kidd, 95 (P. C. C).

Robert Washington of Souldgrave, in the Co. of Northampton Esq., 7
February 1619, proved 3 January 1620. My body to be buried in the
South Aisle of the church before my seat where I usually sit under the same
stone that my father lieth buried under.

I give to my three sons which I had by my second wife, namely to my

son Albane Washington, to my son Guy Washington and to my son Robert

Washington, the sum of one hundred pounds apiece of currant English

money, to be paid unto them and to each of them at their ages of four and

twenty years apiece, always provided, aad I do mean, that my said three
sons shall have the said sums of money aforenamed and at the time aforei-
said if they be obedient and will be ruled in the mean space by their
mother my executrix and do carry themselves well and aa dutiful children
to her, but if they, or any of them, be undatiful unto her and will not be
ruled by her as it becometh them to be then I will by this my last will and
testament that they, or so many of them as shall be undutiful or that will
not be ruled by her, shall have but ten pounds apiece at their ages of fous
and twenty years apiece aforesaid.

Also I give unto three other sons which I had by my former wife, namely
to my son Christopher Washington, to my son William Washington and to
my son Thomas Washington, the sum of ten shillings apiece. And I do
further give unto my son William Washington aforesaid the sum of fifty
pounds to be paid unto him out of a debt of four hundred and odd pounds,
due unto me from the executors or administrators of my son Lawrence
Washington deceased, and the said fifty pounds to be paid unto my soa
William Washington aforesaid as soon as it is recovered from the executors
or administrators of my son Lawrence Washington as i» aforesaid.

The rest of my goods and chattells unnamed and unbequeathed I give
unto my wife Ann Washington whom I make sole executrix of this my
last will and testament she discharging my last will and testament and dis-
charging my debts and funerals.

Wit : Thomas Court, scriptor, Christophev Pargiter, John Ireton.

Dale, 5 (P. C. a).

Of the sons mentioned in the foregoing will, Christopher and
"William entered Oriel Cotlege, Oxford, I thinks in 1588, the for-
mer fifteen, the latter eleven, years old (as I learn from a memo-
randum furnished me by J. H. Lea, Esq.). The will or admon.
of the son Lawrence, refferred to, may be at Peterborough. I have
not found it in London. He died at Brington, 13 December, 1616.

Elizabeth Washington of Brighton (Brington), in the Co. of Northamp*
ton widow, 17 March 1622, proved 12 April 1623. I do give unto John
Washington one hundred pounds and four pairs of my best sheets, two
long table cloths, two pairs of pillowbeers and four dozen of napkins, four
side board cloths, four cupboard cloths and four long towels, one nut to
drink in trimmed with silver, one silver beaker to drink in, one silver bowl
to drink in, half a dozen of the best silver spoons and one double silver salt
cellar, one pewter charger and a plate to it, six of the best platters and six
dishes, a pair of andirons and tongs, a fire shovel, a chafing dish, a great
brass pot which came from Solgrave, the best standing bed in the great
chamber, with all that belongs to it, and half a dozen of Turkey work
" quishions '* and two long velvet " quishions " and a leather coffer. Item
I do give unto Sir William Washington one hundred pounds. Item I do give
unto Mrs. Mywse twenty pounds and one silver bowl and one brass pot.
Item I do give unto Mrs. Alice Washington twenty pounds. Item I do
give unto Mrs. Frances Washington twenty pounds. Item I do give unto
my cousin Pill the bed wherein I do now lie, with all that appertains unto it.
" Item I doe give unto my Cosen Lawrence Washington who is nowe at
Oxford my husband's seal ringe."* Item I do give unto A;me Adcocke

* Qa. Did the sons of Lawrence Washington take this seal rhig over with them to
Virginia ? If so, what hecai&e of it ? Are there to be found anj earljr hupres8ion» of it?

twenty five pounds, a pied cow and a pied colt and a yearling bullock, a
great bra9s pott and two great deep platters and two pairs of £ne sheets^
one pair of pillowbeers and a dozen of napkins, a kettel and a dripping pan.
Item I do give unto my cousin Penelope Leake who is now with me ten
pounds. And of this my last will and testament I do make and ordain Mr*
Francis Mewse my whole executor. And I do desire that all those dues
and debts which is now owing by my late husband Mr. Robert Washington
may be first discharged and then after them the legacies herein set dowa
performed. And my desire is that my honorable good Lord Spencer
would be pleased to be my supervisor of this my last will and testament.

Swann, 33 (P. C. C).

The following monumental inscription at Brington is copied from
Baker's Northamptonshire, Vol. I. p. 93 :

Here lies interred y'e bodies of Elizab: Washington | widdowe, who
changed this life for im'ortalitie | ye 19^ of March 1622. As also y'e
body of Robert | Washington Gent: her late husband second | soune of
Robert Washington of Solgrave in y'e | County of North. Esq. wha
dep'ted this life y'e | 10*^ of March 1622. After they lived lovingly
together | many yeares in this Parish.'*

Sir Edward Villiers, knight, Lord President of the Province of
Munster in the realm of Ireland, 31 August 1625, proved 2 February 1626,
I give and devise all my lands unto my dear and loving wife the Lady
Barbara Villiers during her life, she to maintain and provide for my chilf
dren. To my servant Hamond Francklyn two hundred pounds in on«
year after my decease. If both my self and my wife shall die withoui((
any issue begotten of our two bodies that shall be living &c. then my
brother Sir William Villiers, Baronet, shall have all my lands &c., and he
shall give unto my sister the Lady Elizabeth Butler one hundred pounds
to buy her a Jewell and to my sister the Lady Anne Washington the sum
of five hundred pounds, and to every servant in my service at the time of
my death one year's wages and to the poor people of St. Margaret's in
Westminster the sum of twenty pounds. Skynner, 20 (P. G. C).

Phillip Curtis of Islip in the Co. of Northampton, gentleman, delivered
his will nuncupative in the presence of Sir John Washington, knight, and
Michael Westfield, clerk, 19 May 1636, proved 30 May 1636. To my
daughter Katherine Curtis one thousand pounds, at day of marriage or age
of twenty one, which shall first happen. Item I give unto my nephew
John Washington the sum of fifty pounds to be paid unto him at his age of
twenty and one years. Item I give unto my nephew Phillip Washington
the like sum of fifty pounds to be paid at his age of twenty and one years.
And for my nephew Mordant Washington I leave in trust to my wife.
Item I give unto my wife Amy Curtis and to her heirs forever all my free-
hold land to be sold towards the raising of my daughters portion &c. And
I make her the full and sole executrix &c. Item I make choice of Sir
John Washington of Thropston, knight, and Michael Westfield of Islipp,
clerk, to be guardians for my daughter. Pile, 55 (P. C. C).

* This is one of the two ''Memorial Stones" of which facsimiles were, in 1860, pre-
sented to Hon. Charles Samner by Earl Spencer. Mr. Samner gaye these facsimiles to
the State of Massachasetts, and they are now in the State Hoase at Boston. The other
stone is that of Lawrence Washington, brother of Robert, who was the grandfather of the
presumed Virginia emigrants. He died Dec. 13, 161Q.— SkDIToju

Amte Curtis of Islipp, in the Co. of Northampton widow, 27 June
1636, proved 19 November 1636. My body to be buried in the chancel of
Islipp, near unto the grave of my deceased husband. I give towards the
repair of the church of Islipp twenty shillings; to the poor there forty
shillings : to the poor of Denford twenty shillings.

Item whereas there was given unto my nephew Mordaunt Washington, the
eldest son of Sir John Washington, knight, by the last will and testament
of his grandmother Curtis deceased the sum of fifty pounds to be employed
as [in] the said will is further expressed my will is and I do give unto the
said Mordaunt two hundred and fifty pounds more to be employed for his
best benefit so soon as my debts be paid and the said money can conveniently
be raised, and to be paid unto him at his age of twenty and one years or at
the day of his marriage, which shall first happen. Item, whereas my
husband, late deceased, gave unto John Washington, the second son of
Sir John Washington, the sum of Mty pounds my will is, and I do give
unto the said John my nephew the sum of fifty pounds more, to be employed
for his best use and benefit, my debts first paid and the money conveniently
raised, and to be paid to him at his age of twenty and one years, or at the
day of his marriage.

A similar bequest to Phillip Washington, the third son of Sir John
Washington.

To my god daughter Amy Hynde twenty pounds. To Michael Westfield,
clerk, five pounds and to Mr. Richard Allen of Lowick five pounds. To
my neighbor Mrs. Margaret Westfield ^ve pounds. The freehold land
given to me by my husband Phillip Curtis, I give unto my daughter
Katheriue Curtis. My mother Margaret Washington and my brother Sir
John Washington to be guardians for my daughter.

Wit: Michael Westfield, William Washington and Phillip Freeman.

Pile, 108 (P. C. C).

Samuel Thornton, of St. Giles in the Fields, Middlesex, Esq., 9 Jan-
uary 1666, proved 2 May 1666. To my dear wife the sum of four hundred
pounds, to my grandchild John Thornton two hundred pounds, to Charles
Thornton my grandchild, one hundred pounds, to my grandchild Penelope
Thornton one hundred pounds, to my daughter Kirby two hundred pounds,
and I make and ordain my dear wife sole executrix.

Wit : Jo : Coell, Eliza : Mewce, Margaret Talbott.

Proved by the oath of Dame Margaret Sandis als Thornton his Relict
& executrix named in the will. Carr, 41 (P. C. C).

WiU of Dame Margaret Sandys.

October the eleventh 1 673. Into the hands of God the father, the son
and the Holy Ghost, three persons but one eternal God, I do commend my
soul, and I desire my body may be buried in a private plain decent manner.
And that little I have I do desire should be thus disposed of. I do give
to my dear sister Mewce twenty pounds and the hangings in our chamber
and the silk blanket and my pair of sheets we lie in. I do give to my
sister Washington, my sister Sandys and my sister Gargrave ten pounds
apiece, which in all is thirty pounds. I give to my nephew John Wash-
ington, my dear eldest brother's son, twenty pounds. I give to my son
Thornton my Indian gown. I give to my daughter Thornton twenty
pounds and the hair trunk in my chamber and the linen in it. I give to
my son Kerkby twenty pounds and my Turkey work chairs and the tables

and carpets in the Parlour daring his life and my daughter's, and after their
deaths I give them to Lucy Kerk [Kerkby?] that waiteth on me. I give
to my daughter Kerkby twenty pounds and my blue box in my closet and
her father's picture in it and all else in the box. I give to my uncle
Robert Washington five pounds. I give to young Lucy Kerkby that waits
upon me ten pounds and the feather bed, bolster and pillows and blankets
and three pairs of sheets she lies in and the wrought sheet and the chairs
and stools in my closet and all my other things in my closet. I give also
to her and her sisters my wearing linen and my clothes. I give to little
Peg Kerkby my silver cup with the cover. I give to little Sam. Thorn-
ton my thirty shilling piece of gold. I give to little Nan Doman a broad
piece of gold. I give Sam. Kerby a broad piece of gold. I give to the
poor of Soham five pounds. I give to the poor of Pordham two pounds.
And I make and ordain my dear son Thornton sole executor of this my
last will and testament, desiring him to perform the same and those poor
goods I have given that they may have them when I die and the money I
have given that it may be paid to every one at the end of six months. In
witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal in the presence of
the witnesses whose names are subscribed the day and year above written,
and what money I have either here or at Haxey undisposed I give two
parts of it to John Thornton and one part to Charles Thornton, my son
Thornton's sons. And I desire my son that they may have it as soon as
it is gotten but the charge of my burying must be taken out of the money
I leave. Margarett Sandys.

Wit : Do : Washington, Elizabeth Mewce, Lucy Kirkby .
Proved 16 November 1675 by Roger Thornton, the Executor.

Dycer, 118 (P.O. C).

DoROTHT Wassington, rcHct of Sir John Wassington, knight deceased^
6 October 1 678, proved 24 December 1678. My body I leave to my execu-
tor's discretion to be laid decently in the grave in the chancel of the church
of Ford ham, near the place where the body of my dear grand child Mrs.
Penelope Audley lies buried. And for that small estate which the lord
hath continued to me I bequeath and bestow as followeth. Item I give
and bequeath unto my son Mr. Thomas Kirkbey the sum of five pounds
and to each of his sons and daughters twenty shillings a piece, to be paid
them six months after my decease. Item all the rest of my goods whatso-
ever, as household stuff, bills, bonds, debts and the like, I give and bequeath
unto my daughter Mrs. Penelope Thornton, whom I do make my sole
executrix &c.

Wit: Ezech; Pargiter, Hugh Floyde, Sarah Flecher.

Reeve, 148 (P. C. C).

The three preceding wills seem to show a confusion or mixing up
of Sandis, Thornton, Kirkby and Washington. Dame Margaret
Sandis was one of the sisters of Sir William, Sir John and the Rev.
Lawrence Washington, and had been the wife of Samuel Thornton,

Esq., before her marriage with Sandis. Dame Dorothy

Washington was undoubtedly a daughter of William Pargiter of
Gretworth, Esq., by Abigail, daughter of Sir Francis Willoughby
of WoUaton, Co. Northampton, Bart. Her brother Theodore
Pargiter's will (1654-1656) has already been published in these

Gleanings (Part I. pp. 84-5). I suppose the **Co8en John Wash-
ington " referred to in that will, apparently in Barbados,* was the
second son of Sir John Washington of Thrapston, husband of Dame
Dorothy. The following will of another brother of this Dame
Dorothy Washington seems to prove the connection :

Francis Pargiter of London, merchant, 10 January 1685, sworn to 28*^
and proved 29 October 1686. To the poor of the parish of Greetworth in
the Co. of Northampton, where I was born, the poor of Westhorpe, adjoin-
ing to the said parish, the poor of St. Anne Black Friars (and others).
To my sister Elizabeth Smith, widow, my sister Abigail Hickman, widow,
my sister Phillis Pargiter, my niece Eleanor Pargiter, my nephew Edward
Stratford, of Overstone, in the Co. of Northampton, Esq., my nephew
Robert Stratford of Baltinglass in the kingdom of Ireland Esq. To such
children of my niece Thornton as living, to such children of my niece
Friend as living. To my niece Dorothy Marshall, widow, my niece Abigail
Hickman.

I constitute and appoint my nephew Thomas Pargiter Doctor in Divinity
sole executor of this my said will.

In a codicil, of same date, reference is made to a provision for the testa-
tor's nephew John Pargiter. Lloyd, 137 (P. C. C).

The mention of the "children of my niece Thornton," evidently
refers to Mrs. Penelope Thornton and her children (see wills of
Dame Margaret Sandys and Dame Dorothy Washington). This I
found confirmed by the will of Mrs. Mewce, a sister of Dame Sandys,
as follows : —

Elizabeth Mewce in the Co. of Middlesex, widow, 11 August 1676, pro-
ved 12 December 1676. My body I commit to the earth whence it came, to
be decently buried according to the discretion of my executors. I give and
bequeath to my niece Mrs Penelope Thornton fifty pounds and my black
shelf and my cabinet with all things that I shall leave therein. I give and
bequeath to my niece Thornton's five children, John, Charles, Samuel,
Roger and Dorothy Thornton, forty pounds. I give and bequeath to my
sister the Lady Washington twenty pounds. I give and bequeath to my
sister Mrs. Alice Sandys the sum of twenty pounds. I give and bequeath
to my sister Mrs. Frances Gargrave the sum of twenty pounds and my clock
and bed and hangings and sheets and all things to my bed belonging what-
soever. To my God-daughter Mrs. Elizabeth Sandys ten pounds. To my
niece Mrs. Margaret Stevenage ten pounds and to her two children, William
and Mercy Stevenage, five pounds apiece.

" Item I give and bequeath to my Uncle Mr. Robert Washington the
Summe of five pounds : " to Mrs. Elizabeth Rumball, my niece, five pounds :
to my nephew William Pill five pounds : to my niece Mrs. Frances Collins
five pounds : to my nephew Mr. Robert Gargrave's five children, Robert,
John, William, Elizabeth and Cotton Gargrave twenty pounds apiece and

• It may be well to note here that another of the name was in the West Indies. In Gov.
Lefroy's elaborate book, ** Memorials of the Bermudas," vol. 1, p. 384, he prints a document
signed by eighteen of the inhabitants of Smith's Tribe, dated March 30, 1626. The four-
teenth name is Laurence Washington.

Again, vol. i. p. 650, at a Council meeting June 20, 1649, ''Mr. Axson, Washington and
Bethel 1 bay led to answer at next assizes for some words spoken against his mtgestie." This
may or may not refer to the first-named Laurence. But clearly the Bermuda man was not
our Rev. Lawrence, who was at this date at Oxford.— W. H. Whitmorb.

to Elizabeth Gargrave my silver dish and silver porringer and cup and two
spoons and all the rest of my small silver things that my note speaks of.
To my maid Anne Freestone thirty pounds and her bed that she lieth on,
with all things belonging to it, and my suit of purple curtains and the other
things in my rooms not mentioned.

I do make my two loving nephews Mr. Robert Gargrave and Mr. Roger
Thornton executors of this my last will and testament, intreating them to
take the care and trouble upon them, and I further desire these my execu-
tors, to let that money which I have given to my nephew Thornton's
children be put into the hands of their trusty and loving uncle Mr. Francis
Pargiter, merchant, to be improved for them till it is demanded, either to
put the sons apprentices or for the daughter's preferment in marriage, &c.

Bence, 154 (P. C C).

Mrs. Mewee was another sister of Sir William, Sir John and the
Rev. Lawrence Washington, daughter of Lawrence Washington of
Sulgrave and Brington and widow of Mr. Francis Mewee of Hol-
denby in Northampton, to whom she was married, at St. Mary Le
Strand, Middlesex, 26 May, 1615. I have not had time to ascertain
in what way Mrs. Margaret Stevenage, Mrs. Elizabeth Rumball and
Mrs. Frances Collins could be her nieces, nor have I succeeded in
finding wills of her two surviving sisters, Mrs. Alice Sandys and
Mrs. Frances Gargrave, who were also daughters of Lawrence
Washington of Brington and therefore aunts of our presumed emi-
grants to Virginia. The uncle, Mr. Robert Washington, named in
this will, as also in that of Dame Margaret Sandys, was, of course,
the youngest son of Robert Washington of Sulgrave, Esq., by his
second wife Anne (Fisher), and consequently a grand-uncle of the
emigrants.

The pedigree of Mewee of Holdenby may be found in the Visita-
tion of Northamptonshire, 1618-19 ; by which it appears that Mr.
Francis Mewee was eldest son of Nicholas Mewee by Elizabeth,
daughter of Edmund Morant of London, and had brothers Edmund
and Christopher, and sisters Alice, wife of Richard Ellis of London,
Lucy, Maline and Katherine wife of (Humphrey) Hawley of Lon-
don. The following brief abstract is therefore worth preserving :

Richard Ellies, citizen and haberdasher of London, 15 Aug. 1625,
proved 26 Aug. 1625. Property in Rippon and Beverly, Yorkshire. Son
Francis. Daughter Elizabeth. Reference to a bequest made to her by Mr.
Nicholas Mewee. Daughters Ann and Mary and the child wife now goeth
with. Sister Washington and god daughter Anne Washington. Children
of sister Hyde, sister Croft, sister Vessey and brother Goderedge. Rev^.
kinsman Mr. Jeremy Leeche. Aunt Gymber. Sister Hallye. Brother
Humfrey Hally. Sister Malin. Brothers Mr. Francis Mewee, Mr. Edmund
Mewee and Christopher Mewee. Clarke, 86 (P. C. C).

Who the sister Washington is, who is mentioned in the foregoing
will, I do not know.

The Lady Ann Washington, named in Sir Edward Villiers' will,
was the wife of Sir William Washington, eldest son of Lawrence

Washington of Sulgrave and Brington, and therefore aunt by mar-
riage to the presumed emigrants. She was a daughter of Sir
George Villiers of Brooksby and half sister of the celebrated royal
favorite, George, Duke of Buckingham. She was buried at Chelsea,
25 May, 1643. The following is an abstract of the will of her
husband :

Sir William Washington of Thistleworth in the Co. of Middlesex,
knight, 6 June 1643, proved 1 March 1648. Whereas I am justly indebted
unto Elizabeth Washington, my daughter, in the sum of twelve hundred
pounds which she lent me in ready money and for payment whereof, at a
time shortly to come, I have given her my bond of the penalty of two
thousand pounds, my said daughter shall have and retain to her own use,
towards satisfaction of the said sum, all that debt of eight hundred pounds,
or thereabouts, due unto me upon two Obligations from the Right Hon^^^
William, Earl of Denbigh deceased, with the use that shall grow due for
the same, and if any part of the said sum of twelve hundred pounds be paid
and satisfied unto my said daughter in my life time, or after my decease,
out of the overplus of moneys which shall or may remain due or payable
unto me or my assigns upon the sale of my manor of Wicke and capital
messuage called Wicke farm and other lands thereunto belonging which are
now in mortgage to Henry Winn Esq. and John Chappell gent., redeema-
ble upon payment of the sum of eleven hundred forty four pounds at a time
now past &c. &c.

And my will and meaning is that, my other debts, which are not many
nor great, being satisfied and paid in the next place, then all the residue of
the money which shall remain and all my goods, chatties and personal
estate whatsoever shall be equally divided amongst all my children that
shall be living. And I make and ordain my said daughter Elizabeth sole
executrix.

Wit : Rob : Woodford, John Pardo, Thomas Woodford, John Washington.

The will was proved by the oath of Elizabeth Washington als Legg,
daughter of the deceased and executrix named in the will.

Fairfax, 29 (P. C. C).

Sir William did not outlive his wife long, for the following entry
may be found among the Burials in the Register of St. Martin's in
the Fields, Middlesex : —

1643 June 22 Gulielmus Washington eques aurcUtis,

From Col. Chester we learn that he was knighted at Theobalds
on the 17th January, 1621-2, and that two of his children were
baptized at Leckhampstead , in the County of Bucks., and two at
St. Martin's in the Fields. The following are the two entries in the
Baptismal Eegister of the last named parish : —

1618 November Susanna Washington.

1619-20 January 13 Geo. Washington fil. Gulielmi Washington
en*^ & Annad ux' eius unius sorof p'nobilis Georgii Marchiofi &
mitis Buckingham.

One of the witnesses of Sir William's will was John Pardo ; and
I noticed, in the same parish, the marriage of Guy Washington and

Katherine Pardieu, 17 November, 1629. The bridegroom was
probably Sir William's young uncle. I noticed too that a Richard
Washington, gen., and Frances Browne were married, 27 April,
1627, and had children, Amata, bap. 21 October, 1628, and John,
bap. 14 March, 1631-2. Richard Washington was buried 8 Janu-
ary, 1641-2, and Ralph Hall and Frances Washington were married,
17 January, 1642-3. A Philip Washington was buried 26 Sep-
tember, 1643.

Sir William's eldest, and, I think, only surviving son was Col.
Henry Washington, the brave and resolute Governor of Worcester,
for the King. He was buried at Richmond, Surrey, 9 March,
1663-4, leaving four daughters and a widow, Elizabeth, who was
afterwards married to Samuel Sandys of Ombersley, Esq. One of
the daughters, Mary Washington, of St. Martin's in the Fields,
spinster, made a nuncupative will, 13 January, 1680, leaving every-
thing to her mother, Mrs. Sandys, who renounced, with consent of
her husband, and admon., with the will annexed, was granted to
Catherine Forster, a sister of the deceased, 5 May, 1681. Abstracts
of her will and that of her sister Penelope are given below :

Mary Washington, spinster, of the parish of St. Martin in the fields in
the Co. of Middlesex, 13 January 1680, being in her last sickness whereof
she died, with an intent and purpose to make and declare her last will and
testament nuncupative and to settle and dispose of her estate, did utter and
spake these words following, or the like in effect viz' : I desire that Hannah
(meaning her maid-servant Haimah Lewis) may have one hundred pounds
out of the money of the King's gift, and the rest I leave to my dear Mother
(meaning Mrs. Elizabeth Sandyes), which words, or the like in effect she
uttered and declared as and for her last will and testameut nuncupative in
the presence and hearing of the said Mrs. Elizabeth Sandys her mother,
whom she desired to remember what she said to her, and of Katharine
Hodges, Katharine Forster and Mary Hall and that she was at the premises
of and in her perfect senses and understanding, the same being so done in
the house of Mrs. Forster, her place of abode.

Letters issued 5 May 1681 to Catherine Forster, sister of the deceased,
to administer the goods &c., for the reason that she had named no executor
in the will, Elizabeth Sandys the mother, with consent of her husband
Samuel Sandys Esq., expressly renouncing. North, 83 (P. C. C).

Penelope Washington of Wickhamford, Co. Wore, spinster, 6 December
1697, with codicil 5 January 1697, proved at Worcester 9 March 1697.
To my niece Catherine Foster, spinster, two hundred and fifty pounds, but
mj mother and executrix, Madam Elizabeth Sandys of Wickhamford, to
receive the interest of this money during her life. The said Catherine not
to intermarry with any person without the consent of my executrix, being
her grandmother. To my other niece Elizabeth JoUett (Gellett) the same
sum on similar conditions. To my faithful servant Sarah Torey one
hundred pounds. The residue to my said executrix.

By the codicil all the lands &c. in Bay ton and elsewhere in Wore,
conveyed unto me by Mr. William Swift deceased and his trustees, to " my
deare mother Elizabeth Sandys" her heirs and assigns forever.

Seal — two bars, in chief three mullets.
4

The above will of Penelope Washington I had the pleasure of
receiving quite recently from the Rev. T. P. Wadley, Naunton
Rectory, Pershore.

In Add, MSS. 5705 (Brit. Mus.) may be found the substance of
a petition from the four daughters of Col. Henry Washington,
deceased '* (transcribed from a book in the Surveyor Gen^ of the Crown
Land's Office, marked K. 1671-72 fol. 368 ad 372 inclu.)." They
request a grant in consideration of the faithful service done by their
father.

Mrs. Catharine Foster, sister of Mary and Penelope Washington,
who administered on the estate of the former, was afterwards mar-
ried to Barnabas Tunstall or Tonstall, of the Middle Temple, Esq.,
license being granted 9 March, 1686-7. She and her sisters are
mentioned in the will of their aunt, Mrs. Susanna Graham, which
follows :

Susanna Grahme of Blackheath in the parish of Lewisham in the Co.
of Kent 6 October, 1697, proved 30 March 1699. I desire my body may
be interred in the parish church of Lewisham. To the Lady Dartmouth
twenty broad pieces of gold which are sealed up in a paper with her name
upon it. To my niece Mrs. Bilson ten broad pieces (as before) and the
sum of one hundred pounds payable out of the arrears of rent which shall
be due to me at the day of my death. Besides I give my said niece all the
pictures in my little parlour at Blackheath, except my Lady Mordants.
To my nephew William Leg Esq. one hundred pounds. To my niece Mrs.
Dorothy Heron one hundred pounds. To Mrs. Penelope Washington five
broad pieces of gold. To Mrs. Katherine Tonstall five guineas and to Mrs.
Gelet, sister to Mrs. Katherine Tonstall five guineas. To my niece Mrs.
Musgrave all my plate and china which I have in my house at Blackheath.
To my Lord Preston all my furniture and household stuff at Nunnington,
except my plate and china, which I give and bequeath to my niece Mrs.
Susanna Grahme, his Lordship's sister. To the said Lord Preston his
father's picture and my husband's set in gold. To Deborah Sanders all my
furniture and household stuff in my house at Blackheath not otherwise dis-
posed of. To my Lord Dartmouth two hundred pounds, out of the arrears
of rent, and four hundred pounds which he oweth me, provided always that
his Lordship in consideration of the said six hundred pounds settle upon
the minister of the parish of Lewisham for the time being and to all future
generations such a salary for the reading of prayers once a day at Black-
heath as is agreed between us, and I beg and desire of him that the said
salary may be so settled according to law that it may be firm to all future
ages. To the said Lord Dartmouth all my pictures at Blackheath not
otherwise disposed of, with my coach and horses, and five guineas to defray
the charges of my funeral. And I constitute and appoint the said Lord
Dartmouth sole executor of this my last will and testament

Proved by the oath of William, Lord Dartmouth.

Pett, 40 (P. C. C).

In the chancel of the old church at Lewisham, on a grave-stone
of black marble, was this inscription : ** Here lyeth | Mrs Susanna
Gbahme I wife of | Beginal Grahme Esq'^ | Lord of this manor and

second daughter of J Sir William Washington | who departed this
life I the 26*^ day of February, Anno Domini | 1698 aged 81 years."
This Reginald Graham was a citizen and draper of London, and be-
longed, I believe, to the royalist family of Graham of Esk and
Netherby, in Co. Cumberland. He purchased, 23 May, 1640, of
John Ramsay, Esq., the lordship and manor of Lewisham for
£1500, and by deed dated 30 May, 1673, conveyed it to George
Legge, afterwards Baron Dartmouth, as I learn from the new His-
tory of Kent, Hundred of Blackheath (edited by Henry H. Drake).
Lord Dartmouth was eldest son and heir of Col. William Legge, a
staunch royalist, who received license, 2 March, 1641-2, to marry
Elizabeth Washington, of Kensington, Middlesex, spinster, about
twenty-two, daughter of Sir William Washington, knight, of the same
parish — at St. Faith's. Among the family letters is one of Col.
Ed. Cooke to William Legge, Esq., Whitehall, dated Dublin,
10 January, 1662-3. He sends humble service to Legge's lady,
his brother and sister Graham, Harry Washington, Dick Lane and
all bedchamber backstair friends. Another, from Barbara, Lady
Dartmouth, to Lord Dartmouth, 15 December, 1688, says : "it hath
pleased God to take away your mother yesterday after a lingering
Ulness .... she desired to be carried privatly to the Minorite."
One from Sir Harry Goodricke to Lord Dartmouth, dated York, 5
January, 1689-90, expresses the greatest affliction of his wife and
himself at the irreparable loss of their dearest mother.

Col. William Legge, who had been a captain in Prince Rupert's
Regiment, died at his house in the Minories, 13 October, 1670, aged
63, and was buried in the vault in the Trinity Chapel there, where
also his widow was buried, 19 December, 1688, aged 76. Their
grandson William, second Baron Dartmouth, was created Viscount
Lewisham and Earl of Dartmouth, 5 September, 1711.

The following two or three abstracts refer to the Warwickshire
branch of this family :

Walter Washington of Kadway, in the parish of Bishop's Itchington,
in the Co. of Warwick, gentleman, being asked 1 January, 1596-7, by his
uncle George Warner about the disposition of his estate replied that he
would leave all to his wife and children. Commission issued 23 April
1597 to his widow Alice Washington to administer &c.

Cobham, 31 (P. C. C).

Commission issued 18 September 1646 to Anne Washington, natural and
lawful sister of Walter Washington late of Upton, in the Co. of Warwick
deceased, to administer his goods &c. Admon. Act Book (P. C. C).

Commission issued, 18 September 1646, to Anne Washington, natural
and lawful sister of Elizabeth Washington, lately of Tam worth, in the Co.
of Warwick, but in Stepney in the Co. of Middlesex, singlewoman, deceased,
to administer her goods &c. Admon. Act Book (P. C C).

Alice Woodward of Stratford on Avon, 20 Aug. 1642, proved 22
May 1 047. To be buried in the church of Stratford near late husband
John Woodward gen*. To the poor of Woodstreet Ward. To my son
John Washington twenty pounds in six months. Bequests to grandchildren
George, P^lizabeth, Ann, Thomas and Katherine Washington, the children
of the said John Washington, at their ages of one and twenty or days of
marriage : also to grandchildren Thomas, Walter and Alice Stanton. Friend
Thomas Nash Esq. Fines, 112 (P. C. C).

John Danvers of Upton in the parish of Katley in the Co. of Warwick
Esq., 5 April 1658, proved 2 October 1658. My body to be buried in the
parish church of Ratley. I give and bequeath my manor of Upton unto
my brother-in-law Richard Swan, my brother George Danvers, my nephew
Peter Yate and Ambrose Holbech the younger of Mollington, Warr., until
my nephew John Danvers son of my late brother William Danvers de-
ceased, shall attain his age of eighteen years; after that to my said nephew,
with remainder to John Danvers, son of my brother George, then to my
right heirs. To my brother Henry Danvers the income of five hundred
pounds during his natural life, and after his death to Damaras Swana
and Susanna Swann, daughters of my said brother Swann and of my sister
Dorothy his wife.

Also I give and bequeath unto my brother-in-law John Washington the sum
of one hundred pounds &c., and unto Anne Pepys, wife of John Pepys, of
Littleton, in the Co. of Worcester, the like sum of one hundred pounds &c,,
and unto my godson John Washington of Kingston in the Co. of Warwick
the sum of fifty pounds &c. (all payable within one year after the decease
of the testator). Bequests made to Mary Yate, daughter of Peter Yate, to
nephew Edward Yate, to Elizabeth, Hannah and Deborah, daughters of
brother George Danvers, to Simon and Anna, children of sister Sibell
Eduiph, to Elizabeth Danvers, daughter of late brother William, to John
and Katherine, the two children of late niece Katherine Goodwyn deceased,
to God daughter Anne Tyler, daughter of niece Anne Tyler, to cousin
Samuel Tyler and his wife and to brother Henry Browne and his wife.

Wootton, 449 (P. C. C).

The testator of the above will was the eldest son of George Dan-
vers of Blisworth, Co. Northampton, Esq., son of John Danvers of
Cockthorpe, by Dorothy, daughter of Sir Richard Verney of
Compton, both in the Co. of Oxford (see Visitation of Northamp-
tonshire, 1618-19). His sister Anne (Danvers) was the wife of
John Washington of Radway, son of Walter Washington, whose
nuncupative will I have given. The latter's wife was Alice (not
Catherine as in some of the pedigrees), daughter of John Morden
alias Murden of Morton Morell, Warwickshire, by Katherine,
daughter and coheir of Richard Marston of Draughton, Northamp-
tonshire. After Mr. Washington's death, his widow Alice seems to
have been married to John Woodward, who, I suppose, was the
eldest son of Thomas Woodward of Butlers Marston (see pedigrees
of Morden and Woodward in Visitation of Warwickshire, 1619).
Katherine, daughter of Walter and Alice Washington, was married
to Thomas Stanton, son and heir of Thomas Stanton of Woolvertou

(Woolverdington), Warwickshire. A pedigree of this famiJj is also
in the Visitation of Warwickshire.

Commission issued 4 May 1612 to Anne Bateman als Washington and
Lucy Cheesewright ah Washington, natural and lawful sisters of Richard
Washington, bachelor, in parts beyond the seas deceased, to administer his
goods &c. Admon. Act Book (P. C. C).

The above relates to a rather remote branch of the family, the
said Richard, Anne and Lucy being children of Capt. Thomas
Washington of Compton, Sussex (see pedigree). I now come to
a nearer and better known line, which furnished a succession of
Registrars of the High Court of Chancery, of whom the first was
Lawrence, son of Lawrence and brother of Robert of Sulgi*ave.

License granted to Lawrence Washington and Johanna Sorrell spinster,
of High Easter, Essex, to marry there, 16 July, 1576.

License granted to Lawrence Washington of Gray's Inn and Martha
Newce, spinster, of Great Hadham, Herts., to marry there, 81 January
1577-8. London Marriage Licenses.

Lawrence Washikgton Esquire, Register of His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery, 10 August 1619, proved 10 January 1619. I give,
will and bequeath all my lands, tenements and hereditaments to my well
beloved son Lawrence Washington, his heirs and assigns forever, and all
my goods and chattells other than such legacies as I shall give and bequeath
to my loving daughter Mary Horspoole, wife to William Horspoole, gent,
and to any of her children, and to my loving brother Robert Washington
and to my very good loving cousin Sir Justinian Lewyn, knight, and to the
poor of the parish of Soulgrave in the co. of Northampton (and other
legacies). I do constitute and make my said son Lawrence sole executor.

Soame,3 (P. C. C).

Funeral Certificate of Lawrence Washington, 1619.

Lawrence Washington of Maydeston in Kent gent, and Registrar of his
Ma***' high Court of Chauncerie second sonne of Lawrence Washington of
Sowlegrave in the County of Northampton gent, and daughter of William
Pargiter of Gritworth in the County of Northampton aforesaid gent,
deceased the 21 day of December 1619 at his house in Chauncerie Lane
and was buried in the parishe Churche of .... in Maydeston in Kent afore-
sayd his body being thither translated on the 24 of the same moneth. He
maried two wyves the first was Martha daughter of Clement Nuse of
Haddam in the County of Hartf. gent, and had issue by her six sonnes and
two daughters viz. Lawrence his eldest sonne and heire who also succeeded
his father in the Office of Register maried to Anne Lewine the da. of
William Lewine Doctor of the Civill Lawe and Judge of the prerogative
Court, Clement his second sonne and Clement his 8^ sonne who dyed both
without issue. Raphe 4 sonne, William 5 sonne, and an other all dyed
before their father. He had also two danghters by the sayd Martha his
first wife the first was Mary maried to William Horsepoole of Buckland
neere Maydeston in Kent gent, the second daughter was Martha maried to
Arthur Beswick sonne and heire apparant of William Beswick gent, of
Spilmandine in the parishe of Horsemandine in the Countie of Kent afore-
4*

sayd. The second wife of Lawrence Washington deceased was Mary the
daughter of S' Thomas Scott of Scotts Hall in the County of Kent aforesayd
Knight and by her had no issue. This certificate was taken by William
Penson Lancaster Herald the 14 of January 1619 and is testified to be true
vnder the hand of Lawrence Washington the heire of the sayd Lawrence
deceased.

Dr. Howard's Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, 2d ser. vol. 1, p. 173.

Pedigrees of the Mewee family may be found in Berry's County
Pedigrees (Herts) and in the Visitation of Hertfordshire (Harleian
Society's Publications). William Horspoole and Mary Washington
were married (by License), 27 May, 1602, at St. James Clerken-
well. He was son of Symon Horspoole, citizen and draper of London.
(See Visitation of London, 1568.)

Commission issued the last of May 1647 to Simon Horsepoole, natural
and lawful son of William Horsepoole late of Great Marlow, Bucks., deceased,
to administer his goods &c. Admon. Act Book.

Sir Justinian Lewtn, knight, 8 July 1620, proved 1 1 July 1620. The
land to descend to his daughter Elizabeth and the lady Elizabeth, his wife,
to have the profits thereof during the minority of her child, towards her
maintenance. The said Lady Elizabeth his wife to be his sole executrix.
Ten pounds to be paid to the poor of this parish, ten pounds to the poor
of Otterden. A hundred pounds to his sister Washington, fifty pounds to
his sister Padgett, a hundred pounds to his sister Isam (Isham), a hundred
pounds to his god daughter Elizabeth Huytt. Soame, 71 (P. C. C).

Simon Hetnes of Towerstone (Turweston) in the Co. of Bucks, Esq.
20 December 1626, proved 17 May 1628. My little nephew and god son
Symon Heynes now in the house with me. As touching my freehold lands
called Millfield, lying in Stuttesbury, Northampton, which I heretofore
purchased of my cousin Lawrence Washington, of the King's Majesty's
in capite, I dispose of two parts thereof in manner as followeth, leaving a
third part thereof to discend to my son Henry Heynes according to law:
one part to my wife, in lieu of her dower, and the other part to my said
son for life &c. I make and appoint my wife executrix and my friends and
kinsmen Lawrence Washington, Esq., and Simon Heynes, Esq., son of
Joseph Heines, overseers.

The wife's christian name is omitted in the Probate.

Barrington, 40 (P. C. C).

On a mural tablet on the south side of the chancel (Turweston) is in-
scribed the name of Simon Heynes, Esq., who died April 10, 1628.

Lipscomb's Hist, of Buck., IH. 129.

Turweston is the next parish West of Westbury, some time the
home of Sir Lawrence Washington.

Sir Laurence Washington of Garsden, in the Co. of Wilts, knight,
11 May 1643, proved 23 May 1643. To be buried in the church of Gars-
den. My daughter the Lady Tirrell. My nephew Simon Horsepoole. My
servants Francis Cliffe, Allen Moore, Thomas Benson and William Freame.
My son Lawrence Washington to be executor. To the poor of Garsden

twelve pence a week for ever, to be bestowed in bread every Sunday morn-
ing, chargeable on my manor of Garsden.

(From the original will.)

The above will is one of the Oxford Wills (so called) which re-
main unregistered. The Calendars for 1643 and 1644 show many
such. The Lady Tirrell mentioned in the will was Martha (Wash-
ington), wife of Sir John Tirrell or Tyrrell of Springfield, Essex, to
whom she was married June, 1630 (see Visitations of Essex, II.
717). She died 17 Dec. 1670. Her husband was obliged to com-
pound as a royalist in 1645, when he put in the following petition : —

"May it please this honorable Cofliittee to take notice that I was
Sequestered for being at Oxford, & the occations of my goeing thither weare
these — Sir Lawrence Washiugto my wife's father (haueing noe more
children besides my wife & one sofie then under age) carried my wife fro
my house att Springfield in Essex to his house at Garsden in Wilts that
Midsonier before the warrs began, & she being with child sent for me
about Chrismas after, whereuppo I gcured a Passe from the Lords &
Cofiions of ye Close Cofiiittee to travell to her, & about Sbrouetide after I
got to Garsden, where the King Cofiianded by bis Garison in Malmsbury ;
soone after S*' Lawrence went to attend the Scale at Oxford being ill before
& at ye tyme of his goeing, but ye disease being quicker uppo him (for it
began w^ a gentle flux) & his sonne lying there also desperately sick, &
his man sending m[e] word he spake of my^ cofiiing, for ye settleing his
Estate by deed (w°^ accordingly he did) uppo bis sonne & after, uppo his
daughter; I went to Oxford, where S*' Lawr. shortly after died & his
sonne hardly escaped, & then I returned to Garsden. Then my wife being
sick at ye Bath & haueing spent o' monys, I went shortly after to Bracly
to my Tenant ; & then gcureing a Passe fro my L: of Essex I came to
Londo last January was twelue months & found my estate sequestered &
soone after my goods & stock weare sold ; & I attended the L: & Colons
of y® honor**^* Cofiiittee for Sequestratios till I was heard, & after, aboad
in Londo till Mich : last when haueing no means longer to subsist I repaired
to Springfield in Essex to my wife & childre, where I aboad till about 3
weeks since.

I gaue 10£ to the first Propositions. I have payd the 5*^ & 20^^ gt to
the full, as appears by Certificate of ye Cofiiittee at Chelmisford. I haue
taken ye National Covenant. I have payd all Rates without distresse,
before I was sequestred; & [ ] except 50£ to Habberdashers Hall last
Mich: for 20* gt w*^*^ I hope I am [ ] that my Certeficate saith I haue
payd to the Full. My goods haue been sold & stock. My estate in North-
amtosheire lost & utterly spoyled. I had a Passe to goe into ye K: Quar-
ters, & was at Ox : before or when the Ordenance for Sequestratios bears
date; the occatio was a greate Concerne unto me, to wit ye setfeling Sir
Lawr. whole estate by intaile; And my owne land near Bracley. I never
boar Arams; nor assisted ye K: Nor kissed his hand whilest I was there."

« Yr humble Servant " Jo : Tirell "

«24o April: 1645."

The following inscription was copied at Garsden by J. Henry
Lea, Esq. :

" To the Memory of S* Laurence Washington K* latelj chiefe Register
of the Chauncery of known Pyety of Charity ezemplarye A loainge Husband
A tender Father A bountifull Master A Constant Relieuer of the Poore
and to those of this Parish A perpetuall Benefactour Whom it pleased God
to take unto his Peace from the fury of the insuing Warrs Oxon Maii 14^*^
Here interred 24*« ASo Dfii 1643^ Actat Sucb W Where also lyeth
Dame Anne his wife who deceased Junij 13^ and was buried 16*° Aflo
Mi 1645."

" Hie Patrios cineres curauit filius Urna
Condere qui tnmulo nunc jacet Ille pius.

The pious Son his Parents here interred

Who hath his share in Urne for them prepared."

Dame Anne Washington, his wife, was a daughter of William
Lewin of Otterden, Kent, D.C.I/., and sister of Sir Justinian
Jjewin, an abstract af whose will has been given.

Lawrence WAsmsaTOV of Garsdon in the Co. of Wilts, Esq., 14
January 1661, proved 15 May 1662. My body to be buried in the chancel
of the Parish church of Garsdon. To the poor of Garsdon ten pounds, to
be distributed to householders by five shillings to a house, and to the poor
of Westamsbury and Bulford, Wilts, ten pounds &c.

" Afsoe I doe giue and devise unto my Cozen John Washington sonne of
Sir John Washington of Thrapston in the Countie of Northampton kn* one
Annuitie or yearely Rent of ffortie pounds of Currant English money ffor
and dureinge the terme of his naturall life To be issueing and goeing forth
out of all my messuages Lands Tenements and Hereditaments and ifarme
in Westamsbury ak Littleamsbury in the Countie of Wiltes aforesaid To
be paid unto him at the fPeasts of Thannnciation of the blessed Virgin St
Mary and St Michaell Tharchangell by euen and equall portions the ffirdt
payment thereof to beginne and to be made at the ffirst of the said ffeasts
which shall happen come and be next after my decease and if and as often
as it shall happen the said yearely Rent of ffortie pounds to be behinde and
unpaid by the space of Tenne dayes next after any of the said ffeasts in
the which as aforesaid the same ought to be paid that then and soe often it
shall be lawfuU to and for the said John Washington into the said Mes-
suages Lands Tenements and hereditaments to enter and distreyne and the
distresse and distresses then and there had found and taken to lead driue
take and carry away and the same to impound deteyne and keepe untill the
said Annuity or yearely rent of fforty pounds and all the arreares thereof
(if any be) shall be unto my said Cozen John Washington fully satisfied
and paid."

To Charles Tyrrell, youngest son of Dame Martha Tyrrell of Heme
House in the Co. of Essex, one annuity of twenty pounds &c. To my
cousin Symon Horsepoole of London, gent., one annuity of thirty pounds
&c. To my beloved sister Dame Martha Tyrrell twenty pounds to buy her
a ring, and to my nephews John, Thomas and Charles Tyrrell ten pounds
apiece and to my niece Martha Tyrrell twenty pounds, to buy each of them
a ring. To John Elton of Tedbury, Glouc, physician, for his great care
and pains towards me and my family for several years past, forty pounds.
To servants (not named). The residue unto Elianor, my wife, whom I
make sole executrix &c. Laud, 73 (P. C. C).

Dame Eltanor Pargiter, the relict of Sir William Pargiter late of
Gretworth, knight, deceased, 17 July 1685, proved 2 June 1687. My body
I desire may be carried in a decent and private way to Garsden in Wilt-
shire and interred there by my former husband Lawrence Washington
Esq^ I will and bequeath to my dearly beloved daughter Ferrars my
necklace of pearl, being two strings of pearl, which her father gave to me,
one saphire ring, which he likewise gave to me, and her father's picture set
in gold. To the parish of Garsdon thirty pounds, to be bestowed in decent
plate for the Communion Table there, to be kept by the Minister of the
place for the time being. To the poor of that parish ten pounds. The
residue to my daughter Elianor Pargiter, whom I make, constitute and
ordain sole executrix.

Proved by the oath of Elianor Dering ah Pargiter.

Foot, 82 (P. C. C).

She was the second daughter of William Guise of Elmore,
Gloucestershire. She died 19 July, 1685, according to the monu-
mental inscription at Garsden. Her first husband, Lawrence
Washington, Esq., died 17 January, and was buried 11 February,
1661-2.

Thomas Pope of the parish of St Philip and Jacob in Bristol, merchant,
3 September, 1684, proved 20 October 1685. Being now bound on a voyage
to sea &c. To my -wife Joanna, for and during her natural life, my mes-
suage and tenement called Noble's corner, and all the lands and appur-
tenances thereunto belonging, situate in Barton Regis in the County of
Glouc. The reversion and inheritance of the same messuage &c. I give
and devise to my two sons, Charles Pope and Nathaniel Pope, their heirs
and assigns, forever, equally between them as tenants in common.

Item I give and devise to my son Thomas Pope and the heirs of his body
lawfully to be begotten all that my plantation, with the lands, servants,
cattle, stock and appurtenances thereunto belonging, situate and being at
or near Pope's Creek in Westmoreland in Virginia, with remainder to sons
Charles and Nathaniel in common . . . My other plantation, commonly
called Clift's Plantation, in Westmoreland, on the Potomac River, in Vir-
ginia &c. I give and devise to my two sons Richard and John Pope, their
heirs and assigns forever. But my wife Joanna shall hold and be endowed
of one third part of both my said plantations &c. for the term of her
natural life.

Item I make my loving friends and kinsmen Mr. William Hardridge,
Mr. Lawrence Washington and Mr. John Washington, all of Virginia
aforesaid, and the survivors and survivor of them, guardians and guardian
of my said sons Thomas, Richard, John, Charles and Nathaniel for the
managing of my said plantations and premises in Virginia. They shall re-
ceive and take the rents, issues and profits thereof until my said sons shall
attain their respective ages of one and twenty years, and they shall, from
time to time, ship and consign the proceeds thereof to my said wife in Eng-
land during her life, and, in case of her decease, to such other person or
persons as shall be guardian or guardians of all or any my children, sons or
daughters, to be by her or them from time to time disposed and laid out
for and towards the better maintenance and education of all and every my
said children.

I make, ordain and appoint Richard Gotley and Charles Jones the

younger, merchants of the city aforesaid, executors in trust &c. And to
each of my executors and to each of my above named Mends and trustees
in Virginia I give twenty shillings apiece as tokens of my love. Provision
made for three daughters, Mary, Elizabeth and Margaret out of the per-
sonal estate (they under twenty-one).
Wit: John Churchman, W™ Meredith, W" Brayne and John Selwood.

Cann, 124 (P. C. C).

The Honorable John Custis Esq. of the City of Williamsburg and
County of James City in the Colony of Virginia, 14 November 1749,
proved at London 19 November 1753. My executor to lay out and expend,
as soon as possible after my decease, out of my estate, the sum of one hun-
dred pounds sterling to buy a handsome tombstone of the best durable
white marble, large and built up of the most durable stone that can be pur-
chased, for pillars, very decent and handsome to lay over my dead body,
engraved on the tombstone my coat of arms, which are three parrots, and
my will is that the following inscription may be also handsomely engraved
on the said stone viz^

" Under this Marble Stone lyes the Body of the Honourable John Custis
Esquire of the City of Williamsburgh and parish of Bruton formerly of
Hungars Parish on the Eastern Shear of Virginia and County of Northamp-
ton the place of his Nativity Aged .... years and yet lived but seven years
which was the space of time he kept a Batchelors House at Arlington oa
the Eastern Shear of Virginia this Inscription put on this Stone by his own
possitive Orders.*'

And I do desire and my will is and I strictly require it that as soon as
possible my real dead body, and not a sham coffin, be carried to my planta-
tion on the Eastern Shore of Virginia, called Arlington, and there my real
dead body be buried by my Grandfather the Hon**^* John Custis Esquire
where a large walnut formerly grew and is now enclosed with a brick wall,
which brick wall it is my will and I strictly charge and require it that the
said brick wall be always kept up in good repair very handsomely by my
heir that shall enjoy my estate; and if my heir should " ingratefully " or
obstinately refuse or neglect to comply with what relates to my Burial in
every particular then I bar and cut him off from any part of my estate,
either real or personal, and only give him one shilling sterling, and in such
case I give my whole estate, real and personal, to the next heir male of
my family named Custis that will religiously and punctually see this my
will performed, but more especially what any ways relates to my burial
in general, and if by any accident the Tombstone and appurtenances
should be lost, broke or any ways miscarry in coming in from England, or
any other ways whatsoever, in that case my positive will is and I earnestly
require it that my heirs or executors immediately send to England for such
another stone exactly, with the appurtenances, of the same price, until one
shall come safe to hand according to my will and desire.

I give to ray dear friend Thomas Lee Esquire, if living at my death, two
hundred pounds to buy him any one thing he has a mind to remember me.
To my worthy and much esteemed friend John Blair Esq. one hundred
pounds, and to Mrs. Mary Blair, his wife, five guineas to buy her a mourning
ring.

Whereas my plantation called Arlington, on the Eastern Shore of Vir-
ginia is entailed by my Grandfather, the Hon. John Custis Esq., on the
heirs male of my body lawfully begotten and for as much as my father, the

late Hon. John Castis Esq., had a patent in his own name for two hundred
and fifty acres of the said Arlington plantation which my said father has
given me hy his said will in fee simple, I do entail the said two hundred and
fifty acres of land, so given to me, exactly in the same manner as the other
three hundred acres contiguous or adjoining to it, and my will is that it
always descend exactly in the same manner as Smith's Island and Motton
Island, which are firmly entailed on the Heirs male of my body lawfully
begotten by the will of my grandfather &c.

And whereas by my deed of Manumission recorded in the County Court
of York I have freed and set at liberty my negro boy christened John, other-
wise called Jack, born of the body of my slave Alice, now I do hereby
ratify and confirm the said deed of Manumission unto the said John other-
wise called Jack, and after the death of said John, otherwise called Jack, I
give all the estate by me heretofore given to the said John, otherwise
called Jack, either by deed or otherwise, to my son Daniel Park Custis to
hold to him my said son from and after the death of the said John, other-
wise called Jack &c. My will and desire is that as soon as possible after
my decease my executor build on the said land I bought of James Morris,
situate near the head of Queen's Creek in the co. of York, for the use of
the said John, otherwise called Jack, a handsome, strong, convenient dwell-
ing house according to the dimensions I shall direct, and a plan thereof
drawn by my said friend John Blair Esq., and that it be completely finished
within side and without, and when the house is completely finished it is my
will that the same be furnished with one dozen high Russia leather chairs,
one dozen low Russia chairs, a Russia leather couch, good and strong, three
good feather beds, bedsteads and furniture and two good black walnut
tables. I desire that the houses, fencing and other appurtenances belonging
to the said plantation be kept in good repair and so delivered to the said
John, otherwise called Jack, when he shall arrive to the age of twenty
years. I also give him when he shall arrive to that age a good riding horse
and two young able working horses. I give to Mrs. Ann Moody, wife of
Matthew Moody, if she be living at my death, twenty pounds, to be paid
her annually during her natural life. I also give her the picture of my
said Negro boy John. It is my will and desire that my said Negro boy
John, otherwise called Jack, live with my son until he be twenty years of
age, and that he be handsomely maintained out of the profits of my estate
given him. I give and devise unto John Cavendish, for the many services
he has done me, the house and lot where he now lives to hold the same
rent free during his natural life.

All the rest, residue and remainder of my estate, real and personal, be it
of what nature or kind soever, or wheresoever lying and being in the whole
world, I give, devise and bequeath unto my son Daniel Park Custis to hold
to him, his heirs and assigns forever. And I do constitute and appoint my
said son whole and sole executor. Wit : Thomas Dawson, George Gilmer,
John Blair, jun^

The above will was proved at a court held for James City County 9
April 1750, Ben. Waller being Clerk of the Court.

On the twenty third day of Sept. 1784 Admon. (with the will annexed)
of the goods &c left unadministered by Daniel Parke Custis deceased &c.,
was granted to Wakelin Welch, the lawful attorney of Martha Washington,
formerly Custis (wife of his Excellency the Honorable George Washington)
the relict and administratrix of the rest of the goods of the said Daniel

Parke Custis deceased, for the use aod benefit of the said Martha Washing-
ton, formerly Custis, now residing at Virginia aforesaid, the said Daniel
Parke Custis dying intestate. Searle, 287 (P. C. C).

Facing this page will be found a folded tabular pedigree which I
have compiled to illustrate this article.

[Others of the name Washington than the famed brothers John and Lawrence
Washington appear in the annals of Virginia :

" Robert Washington of Wapping in y« p'sh of Stepney and Town of Middle-
sex, Mariner," executed power of attorney to *' W™ Pearson, Chirurgeon,"
''29«» July 1660."

'* Edward Washington, convicted of manslaughter and ordered to be burnt in
the hand " October 12, 1675. Becords of General Court of Va,

The following grants are of record in the State Land Registry :

Major John Washington, Book No. 6, p. 38, 320 acres in Westmoreland Co.,
M'ch 23, 1664. Major John Washington and Thomas Pope, No. 5, p. 49, 50
acres in Westmoreland Co. , Sept. 4, 1667. Major John Washington, No. 5, p. 49,
300 acres in Northumberland Co., June 1, 1664; p. 50, 1700 acres in Westmore-
land Co., March 26, 1664. Mrs. Ann Pope alias Washington, No. 5, p. 52, 700
acres in Westmoreland Co., June 13, 1661. Major John Washington and
Thomas Pope, No. 5, p. 54, 1200 acres in Westmoreland Co., Sept. 4, 1661. Lt.
Col. John Washington, No. 6, p. 349, 450 acres in Northumberland Co., Oct. 10,
1670. Lawrence Washington and Robert Richards, No. 6, p. 60, 700 acres in
Stafibrd Co., Sept. 27, 1667. Lt. Col. John Washington, No. 6, p. 615, 5000
acres in Stafford Co., 1677; p. 183, 560 acres in Rappahannock Parish, Nov. 3,
1673. Richard Washington, No. 8, p. 165, 330 acres in Surrey Co., April 29,
1682; p. 464, 200 acres in Surrey Co., April 20, 1685; p. 88, 772 acres in Surrey
Co., Oct. 23, 1690; No. 9, p. 326, 345 acres in Surrey Co., April 25, 1701. John
and Arthur Washington, No. 9, p. 371, 742 acres in Surrey Co., 1701.

Neither Robert, Edward, Richard, John or Arthur Washington, appear to
have been of the family of John and Lawrence Washington, from the records
preserved of these brothers. — R. A. Brock.

The Daily Beporter, Northampton, Eng., August 24, 1889, contains a descrip-
tion of the Washington Slab in Sulgrave Church, and an account of its mutilation
about a fortnight before that date by two strangers in gentlemanly attire.

The Washington slab is thus described in the Northampton Beporter. Six differ-
ent brass plates were let into it. The first contained the Washington coat of arms.
Argent, two bars gules, in chief three mullets of the second. On each side, in
brass, were "effigies of Washington and his wife, and below them on a brass
plate of oblong form was the following inscription in three lines :

Here lyeth buried y® bodys of Laurence Wasshingto Gent & Amee his |
wyf by whome he had issue iiij sons & vij daughts w° laurence Dyed y*
day of I an° 15 & Amee Deceassed the vi day of

October an° Dni 1564. |

Under this are representations of the four sons and seven daughters in two
groups.

The costume of Lawrence Washington and his children is that of the ordinary
attire of civilians of the middle of the 16th century. The father wears a close-
fitting doublet, a large loose gown, with demi-canon sleeves purfied with fur,
and large broad-toed shoes. The boys wear large doublets, knee breeches, long
hose, and shoes like their father ; and each has his gyficiere at his girdle. The
girls wear close-fitting caps, with gowns reaching to the ankles, and secured round
the waist with a band. The brass representing Amy Washington no longer re-
mains. . . . Time has told somewhat on this monument of Lawrence and Amy
Washington ; and it is also to be regretted , the hand of the thief as well. The head
of Lawrence Washington has been knocked off; the brass effigy of his wile has

John
of Wfll
CO. Lai

laa. of Miles
pn of Bar-
wane.

I
Robert=

Miles.

lliomafl Washlngtonas dan. of

of Compton, Sussex, I Oeering.
Captain in Flanders

Ellxabeth, wid. of=Lajl | j

William Gough of & ( Jchard Washington, Lucy=- ... Chlselwright
Northampton. on b. g. p. 1612. of co. Cambi idge.

Ob. 8. p. ^" ' *^

I '
Anne««Rob*t Dateman.
KatheriaesMclobior
Keynolds.

Klizabeth, dau.=
and h. of Kob't
Light of Kad-
way, CO. War-
wick.

lliam

ireut

who

re,=Slr William Pargiter,
1.) ofGretworth, kt.

Lawrence Washingtot
of Sulgrave and Bring.

i I I i I i J

l«rances=:Joun Thompson of Sulgrave.
Anne=Edmund Foster of Hauslop, Bucks.
Klizabeth.
Magdalen.

BarbaraHsSimon Butler of Appletree, oo. Northampton,
bur. Bap. 6 May, 1549; bur. 16 June, 1628.

1 AprU,

16:i5.
Marys Abel Makepeace of Chipping Warden, co. Northampton.
Margarets- Gerard Uawtayne of Esington, Oxon.

Anne, wife of Christopher Gyse (or Gise).
Bur. at Garsdon, 4 June, 1642, let. 20.

J I •

i (AmyO^AIban Wakel3m.

Ur8ula=:Thomas Adoook of

,^,-., Swinford, Leic.

ton. Ob. 13 Dec. 1616 £ii2abeth= Lewis Richardson

Bur. 15 Dec. 1616, ai of Turvey, Beds.

Brington. |

Elizabeth, dan/

andh.
Ob. 2 Oct. 1093.

:Robert Sbiiley, Baron
Ferrars of Cliartley,
afterwards Earl Fer-
rars. Ob. 25 i>eo. 1717.

Stanton of Woolverton, co. Warr. Esq.

falter.

Alice.

I, . _J. about
liam Washing^ie^ ^j

of Packington, co. Lefig^?.
kt. Bur. at St. Martij ^^ ^
in the Fields, Midd.,'^Q^»'ig
June, 1643. (Will.) [floolj.

tt day.
^a()t. at
Ighton,
ti Aug.

Henry Washington, td
Col. inthcro>alis«tari
of Worcester. Buried
niond, Surrey, 9 Mar. ^

Elizabeth=Franci8 Mewce of HoMenby, co. Northampton.
( Will Married 26 May, 1615.

1670).
Joan=:Francis Pill.
Margaret=(liritt) Samuel Thornton, who died 16n(W7 (Will),

and (secondly) Sir Sandys, kt.

Al{ce=Robert, eldest son of Thomas Sandys of London, gent.

France-4:= Gargrave.

Amy=:l'hUip Curtis of fglip, co. Northampton, gent.
Ob. 10:Mi. Ob. May, 16;MJ. (Will.)

(WUl.)

(Three other

daus. of whom

one probably

named Lucy.)

Lawrence Washington »2 w. Jane.

>ap. at Tring, co. Herts.

Emi-

,, ' «r v* -♦«« /.,M June, 16:«. ]

William, 3d son,
bap. at Tring, 14
Oct. 1641.

•L"

John Washington.
Left Issue.

Elizabeth,
bap. at Tring,
17 Aug. 1630.

Margaret.

Martha.

Anne»MQj. Francis Wright.

JoL=Catheriif<^-Col. Henry Willis.

I I

. W^arner. Ueury.

/
Pf^

ding Lewis. Samuel,

b. lt» Nov.
1734.

John-Angu«tlne,
b. 13 Jan. 173i.

Charles,
b. 1 May,
17.38.

Mildred,
d. young.

HERELIETHTHE-BODIOFLAVRENCE
WASHiNGTON • SONNE ■ & • HEIRE ■ OF
ROBERT-WASHINGTON • OF SOVLGRA£
In ■ THE ■ COVNTiE • OF ■ NORTHAMPTON
ESQViER ■ WHO • MARIED MARGARET
THE-ELDESTDAVGHTEROF WiLLiAM
BVTLER ■ OF • TEES • IN ■ THE COVNTIE
OF ■ SVSSEXE ■ ESQVIER -WHO H ADlSSV
BY ■ HER ■ 8 ■ SONNS ■ & ■ 9 ■ DAVGHTERS
WHiCHLAVRENCEDECESSEDTHE 13
OFDECEMBERA ; DNl : 1616

Thov-thatbychance-orchoyce

of-thishastsight

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been stolen and taken away bodily ; and the enamel with which the coat of arms
was colored has crumbled nearly all away, leaving scarce a trace behind. The
two portions recently taken away are those representing the * iiij sons and
vij daughters.* Each of these pieces could be covered by a sheet of note-
paper."

It is to be hoped that the perpetrators of this dastardly act may be discovered.
An abstract of the will of Lawrence Washington and an inquisition post mortem
are printed, ante^ pp. 24-26.

Lawrence Washington of Sulgrave, grandson of Lawrence and Amee Wash-
ington, died Dec. 13, 1616, and was buried at Brington. In I860, as has been
stated in the foot-note on page 29, Earl Spencer presented to Hon. Charles
Sumner facsimiles of two Washington memorial stones in the church at Bring-
ton, which facsimiles Mr, Sumner presented to the State of Massachusetts.
One of these stones was that of this Lawrence Washington and the other that
of his brother Robert. The inscription on the stone of Robert Washington and
his wife Elizabeth is printed on page 29, from Baker's Northamptonshire. Mr.
David Pulsif er, in the appendix to his edition of Rev. C. H. Wharton's Poetical
Epistle to George Washington (Boston, 1881), gives an account of the presen-
tation of the facsimiles to the State by Mr. Sumner. This account is accom-
panied by engravings of the two stones. Mr. Pulsif er has loaned us the cut of
Lawrence Washington's stone, containing besides the inscription the arms of
Washington impaling Butler; and it is pmited on the opposite page. Lawrence
and Margaret (Butler) Washington were parents of Lawrence Washington,
M.A., rector of Purleigh, who, it is believed, was the father of the Virginia
emigrants. — Editob.

Conclusions.

A careful examination of the preceding pages will doubtless bring the reader
to the conclusion that Mr. Waters has made out a pedigree in the highest degree
probable, and lacking absolute certainty only on the two following points. First,
having shown that Lawrence Washington of Virginia owned land in Luton, we
lack positive proof to identify him with the Lawrence baptized at Tring in 1635.

Second, having rendered it almost absolutely certahi that the father of the
Washington children baptized at Tring, was a clergyman and M.A., we lack
absolute certainty that he was identical with the Rector of Purleigh.

On both these points we may hopefully expect assistance from our English
friends, now that the field of investigation is so contracted. It may be fairly
added, that whilst legal evidence on these two points is lacking, the industry and
acuteness of Mr. Waters are signally shown in the great amoxmt of circumstan-
tial evidence by him collected, which indeed affords us a moral certainty of the
entire correctness of the pedigree.

It is a curious fact that the first pedigree as drawn up by Sir Isaac Heard, should
prove to be correct, probably, with the insertion of one more generation. Prob-
ability, founded on the persistence of the christian name Lawrence, would lead
every genealogist to attempt to connect the Virginia branch with the main line
descended from John Washington of Warton and Marganet Eitson. But, in a
pedigree, every fact must be susceptible of proof, and Col. Chester is entitled
to the highest praise for his successful attempt to prove that the Viiiginia emi-
grants were not Sir John and Rev. Lawrence, the sons of Lawr^ioe of Sulgrave
and Brington, even if it now be shown that they were grandsons.

It is satisfactory, however, to have the pedigree confirmed with this small but
vital correction, as it retains the value of aU investigations which have been
made respecting the Washingtons of SiUgrave, and will continue the interest
of aU Americans in what had been accepted as the birth-place of the race. Mr.
Waters has interposed one more ancestor in the person of the Rev. Lawrence
Washington, and we shall doubtless soon learn much more about him.

As Col. Chester's paper of 1866 may not be accessible to all of our readers,
we reprint such parts as refer to Rev. Lawrence of Purleigh, especially as Mr.
Waters has not cited all of them.

Extract from Col. Chester^ 8 ** Preliminary Investigation/*

** We proceed now to the history of Lawrence Washinoton, apparently the
fifth son of Lawrence and Margaret, and certainly the younger brother of
Sir William and Sir John Washington.

Baker was quite correct in stating that he was a student at Oxford in the
year 1622. He was of Brasenose College, and matriculated on the 2d of Novem-
ber, 1621. The exact record in the Matriculation Register is as follows:
* Laurent: Washington, Northamp: Gen. fW. an. nat. 19;' i, e. Lawrence
Washington, of Northamptonshire, whose father's rank was that of a gentleman,
and whose own age was nineteen years at his last birthday.

It was not until little more than a year later that the officials commenced
entering in the register the christian names and particular residences of the
fathers of the students, but in the present instance the above record is almost
as satisfactory as it would have been if the other particulars had been given.
In the first place, the Washington family of Sulgrave, or Brington, was the
only one of tiie name in Northamptonshire whose sons could be recognized and
designated as the sons of gentlemen, unless, indeed, the Heralds of that time
omitted others, which is not probable. Secondly, there was no other Lawrence
Washington at Oxford for considerable periods before and after this date;
unless, again, all the officials were guilty of omissions in all the Registers (for
the writer has carefully examined them all) , which is even more improbable.
And, finally, the will of his aunt Elizabeth, widow of his uncle Robert Wash-
ington, dated on the 17th of March, 1622-3, among other legacies to his brothers
and sisters, leaves him her husband's seal ring, and states that he was then at
Oxford.

Lawrence Washington was bom, therefore, about the yeax 1602. He appears
to have entered at Brasenose College as early as 1619, but he did not sign the
Subscription Book until the 2d of November, 1621, under which date his name
also appears in the general matriculation register, in connection with thirty-five
others — an extraordinary number, and indicating that from some cause this
cetemony had hitherto been neglected. He took his B.A. degree in 1623, and
became Fellow of Brasenose about 1624. He is recorded as serving the office
of lector, then the principal educational office in the college, from 1627 to 1632
inclusive. On the 20th of August, 1631, he became one of the proctors of the
university, filling a vacancy that had occurred by the deprivation of his prede-
cessor by royal warrant. On the 14th of March, 1632-3, he was presented to
the then very valuable living of Purleigh, in Essex, and resigned his fellowship.
The records of a suit in Chancery, preserved at the RoUs Office, perfectly
identify the rector of Purleigh with the fellow of Brasenose and the proctor of
the university. He continued at Purleigh until the year 1643, when, according to
Newcourt, he was * ejected by sequestration for his loyalty in the late rebelUon
of 1642,* and had the honor of being pilloried in the infamous * Century.'
Walker states that he *■ was afterwards permitted to have and continue upon a
Living in these parts ; but it was such a poor and miserable one that it was
with difficulty that any one was persuaded to accept it.' The writer has been
unable to ascertain the living mentioned ; but it is to be hoped that some further
trace of him may yet be (Sscovered in the neighborhood of Purleigh, where,
putting the usual construction upon Walker's language,'*' he continued in his
profession of a clergyman after the Restoration, and consequently some years
after the date of his namesake's emigration to Virginia."

Lastly, this important publication about the Washingtons would be imperfect
if no notice were taken of the costly and widely-circulated book, published in
1879, by the late Albert Welles. Many persons have been and will be misled by
this utterly false and absurd publication. I will therefore reprint the essential
portions of my letter to the New York Nation of July 18, 1889.

The English portion was a most ridiculous performance in every point of
view, and it is only fair to suppose that Mr. Welles was not in a soxmd state of
mind when he adopted and published this statement. His unnamed English
correspondent claimed to have derived his alleged facts from the Common Pleas
Rolls, and adds : " The pedigree I now send I can establish by legal evidence."

* See foot-note on page 21, onto.— w. h. w.

The object of this pedigree was to show that several generations of Washing-
tons had been bom at Warton, County Lancaster ; t&t a Lawrence W. was
bom there In 1669, whose eldest son was Leonard W., bom about 1696, the
father of four sons and one daughter baptized at Warton in 1616, 1619, 1622,
1625, and 1627. The two younger sons were said to be Lawrence, baptized
1625, and John, baptized 1627, who were termed the emigrants to Virginia.

I will not waste time in refuting the innumerable blunders of the rest of the
pedigree, but deal with the essential point here raised. Col. Chester printed a
letter in the New York World of March 29, 1879, when he had seen the pros-
pectus of Welles*s book. He said :

*' I at once recognized an old acquaintance, hawked about London some years
ago, the origins^ manuscript of which is in my own possession, and now lies on
my table before me, where I keep it for the amusement of my friends. . . .
I will simply select the crucial point of it, where it is stated that the two
emigrant brothers, Lawrence and John Washington, were sons of Leonard
Washington of Warton, and that they were respectively bom and baptized in
1625 and 1627. The only possible source from which these two baptisms could
be obtained is the parish register of Warton. I have examined the register
personally and very carefully, and can declare that no such entries are to be
found in it."

At this point I wish to introduce the evidence of the Rev. T. H. Pain, M.A.,
Vicar of Warton, given in a letter now before me, addressed to the New Eng"
land Historical and Genealogical Begister, dated January 26, 1889. He writes :

" I beg to say that I have not been able to find any entry of the baptism of
Leonard Washington, said to have been bom in Warton about 1595. As to the
baptisms of his children, I send the following extracts :

Baptismata Anno Dom. 1616.
Bobertus, Alius Leonard! Washington, baptiz. octavo die Septembris.

Baptismat. 1619.
Jane, daughter of Leonard w ashin^on, bapd. 4th day of September.

Bapt. Anno Dom. 1622.
Francis, ye sonne of Leonard Washington of Warton, baptized ye 4th day of February.

^^ I have not been able to find an entry of the baptism of Lavrrence^ said to have
been baptised at Warton in 1626, or ofJohn^ said to have been baptized here in 1627."

In the light of these two statements, no one can doubt that the pedigree is a
rank and stupid forgery, made by the simple method of fastening upon Leonard
Washington two sons of whom he had no knowledge, and without a word of
proof.

It seems to me that Col. Chester's statement of the genesis of this forgery
may be amusing and instructive. He wrote under date of June 16, 1879 :

'* If you could see the original, which strangely fell in my hands, you would
see how the whole thing was concocted. It was got up some years ago by this
* James PMQippe ' for John Camden Hotten, who died before publishfig it, and
his successors had too much good sense to carry out his intentions. It is evi-
dent that the compiler, after working out an elaborate pedigree, much of which
I know to be false, looked about for a safe place where to put the two emigrant
brothers. He finally decided to make them sons of Leonard Washington of
Warton. Afterwards, probably thinkhig that he might be detected, he crossed
out this affiliation. But, finding no better place for them, he finally wrote (as
an instruction to the printer), * This is correct.'

** Of course you would not find any proofs of his statements. This dis-
tinguished * genealogist ' never furnishes any. If asked for his authority in any
instance, he draws himself up to his full height (6 ft. 4) and says, '/amthe
authority ' ; and that is all any one can ever get out of him. . . .

" The ' Common Pleas Rolls * are as well known to every historical student
and genealogist as the Heralds' Visitations. Like all similar records, they are
more or less valuable, but they rank no higher, if so high, as the * Chancery
Proceedings.' Unfortunately, they are very difficult to search, from being
entirely unindexed, and it is this fact of which * Phillippe ' takes advantage.
He may almost with impunity say that his authority for a particular statement
is a Common Pleas roll, for unless he also gave you, which he never does, the
precise year, term of court, number of roll, and number of membrane, it would
be almost impossible to test his statement. I spent weeks over these roUs of

the period. To say that they are not used by other genealogists is as ridiculons
as to say that other genealogists do not look at wills or pa^sh registers or any
other common source of information."

Col. Chester proceeds to point out numerous specific errors, and adds :

*' I have all the Washington entries of all the Registers in all the places named
in the pedigree, and can say without hesitation that they can never have been
consulted by the compiler. The whole affair is a mere catchpenny concern, and
I am amazed at the impudence of men who can put forth such a concoction and
then claim that every statement can be substantiated by legal evidence."

TWs indignant exposure of the fraud, from the most competent authority, will
'be sufficient. Every one will regret that Col. Chester did not have the good
fortune to bring to a successful conclusion the investigation which he pursued
for so many years. But every one will equally rejoice that the work has been
^accomplished by an American, and will recognize the fact that Mr. Waters has
'entirely filled the high place which Col. Chester left vacant.— W. H. WnrrMORB.]

[the same land.]

The following items received since the article was printed in the
Beoister are inserted in this pamphlet (see ante^ pp. 17, 43) :

Nathaniel Pope, Book No. 3, p. 279, 1000 acres on the south side of Potomac

river in Westmoreland Co., Sept. 6, 1664.
William Pope, Book No. 4, p. 31, 200 acres in Westmoreland Co., March 11, 1666.
[These grantees were probably brothers].
Nathaniel Pope, Book No. 4, p. 61, 1660 acres in Westmore-
land Co., April 24, 1666.
Thomas, heir to Nathaniel Pope, Book No. 4, p. 61, 1660

acres in Westmoreland Co., April 24, 1666.
Nathaniel Pope, Book No. 4, p. 63, 1060 acres in Westmore-*

land Co., Nov. 30, 1666.
Nathaniel Pope, Jr., by will, Book No. 4, p. 63, 1060 acres in

Westmoreland Co., Nov. 30, 1666. j

Lieut. Col. Nathaniel Pope, Book No. 4, p. 293, 1600 acres in Westmoreland Co.,

Aug. 81, 1667.
James Pope, Book No. 4, p. 376, 612 acres in Northumberland Co., Sept. 24, 1669.
James Pope, Book No. 4, p. 376, 700 acres in Northumberland Co., Sept. 24,

1669.
William Pope, Book No. 4, p. 406, 200 acres in Nansemond Co., Oct. 30, 1662.
James Pope, Book No. 4, p. 662, 700 acres in Northumberland Co., Feb. 28, 1662.
James Pope, Book No. 4, p. 663, 1000 acres in Northumberland Co., Jan. 28, 1662.
Thomas Pope, Book No. 4, p. 42, 2064 acres in Westmoreland Co., March 23, 1664.
Thomas Pope and Major John Washington, Book No. 4, p. 49, 60 acres in a

parcel of islands, number ten, in Westmoreland Co., in the mouth of

Cedar Creek, Sept. 4, 1661.

The above abstract of the grants to the name Pope, in our State Land Registry,
is transcribed from my Memorandum book. — ^R. A. Brock.

A letter has been received from Mr. Waters, dated the 20th of September, in
which he states that he had visited Middle Claydon the day previous. He found
there a few Koads and Vemey items. The most important was the marriage, 4
April, 1668, of John Freeman and Esther Boads of Luton, in the Co. of Bed-
ford. "Esther Roads," he writes, **was of course the daughter of William
Roads, and went to her old homestead to be married. John Freeman was the
one nominated by Mrs. Elizabeth Fitzherbert as one of her executors and
trustees, and we now see the reason. He was her nephew by marriage. And
it strengthens much the one weak link in our pedigree— 4he Tring and Luton
connection.

''William Roads of Finemore was buried 28 Sept., 1667. This must have
been the father of Esther Freeman, and broiler of Amphlllis Washington."

Mr. Waters suggests that as Fine Moor Hill, about 2|^ miles south of Middle
Claydon, is near a road connecting the villages of Edgecote and Quainton, the
records of those places should be examined.

Amphillls, the christian name of Mrs. Washington, must be very unusual.
In the Visitation of Warwickshire it occurs four times, and once in that of
Leicestershire. Three of these instances are connected with the Nevill family,
and it seems to be persistent in that family. — W. H. Whitmore.

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Full text of "An examination of the English ancestry of George Washington, setting forth the evidence to connect him with the Washingtons of Sulgrave and Brington"

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