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England, Scotland, and Wales
IN Anglo-Saxon times
From a drawing dated a.d. 1259
SECTIONAL
INDEX
PACK
Anglo-Saxon
Leechcraft
Genesis of
English
Medicine
II
Leech and his
Practice
17
Medical
Literature
25
"Mediclnale
Anglicum "
29
"Herbarium"
49
"The Mediclna
de Quadru-
pedlbus ■'
59
Surgery
67
Pharmacy and
Herb- Lore
81
Methods of
Healing
91
' Wellcome '
Materia
Medlca Farm 101
Historical
Medical
Equipments
109
Some
Characteristic
Cases
161
Formulary
B. W. A Co.
Products
167
' Tabloid •
Brand
Products
206
■ Wellcome '
Brand
Products
247
General Trade Mai-t
ISColApiVS pLATO CeNTA\'RVS
y€scuLAPius. Plato and Ckeiron, the Centaur
From the Anglo-Saxon Manuscript
"Herbarium Apuleius Platonicus"
ca. t^..Yi. 1000-1050
I Anglo-Saxon Leechcraft ^
An Historical Sketch
OF
Early English Medicine
LECTURE MEMORANDA
American Medical Association
Atlantic City
1912
BURF
URROUGHS Wellcome a Co.
London (Eno.)
Montreal Sydmey Cape Town Milan Shanohai
Buenos Aires
AND
35. 37 « 39, West Thirty -tmir o Street
(near Fifth Avenue). NEW YORK CITY
At. 1. KKiMTs HK>^KRVKII
Aljscess of the Liver, Operation for ... ... ... 71
/Edilthrj-d's Illness and I>eath ... ... ... ... 21
Analysis Cases, ' Soloid ' Brand 153
Antidote Case, ' Tabloid ' Brand ... ... ... ... 152
Apuleius Platonicu.s, " Herljariuni " of ... ... ... 49
Arts and Herlxs, Anglo-Saxon knowledge of ... ... 12
Bacteriological Case, ' Soloid ' Brand ... ... ... 1 54
Bald, I.x'ech Book of ... ... ... ... ... 29
Bald, Oxa and Dun ... ... ... ... ... ... 19
Bede's Treatise on Blood-letting ... ... ... ... 23
Betony and Vervain .. . ... ... ... ... ... 83
Bleeding Practice by Anglo-Saxon Leeches ... ... 23
Blood Test Case, ' Soloid ' Brand 155
Cases — Cycle, Carriage, .Motor, etc. ... ... ... 145
raises, • Tabloid ' and ' Soloid ' ... ... ... ... i6i
I mtery. Actual u.se of the ... ... ... ... ... 75
I harm and Incantation, Methrxls of Healing by... ... 91
icmicals, ' Wellcome ' Brand ... ... ... ... 247
urious Treatment for Insanity ... ... ... ... 43
Devils, Treatment for a man possessed by ... ... 43
Diet, Regulations a.s to ... ... ... 41
I)< )uble Cyanide Gauze ... ... ... ... ... 171
I )ressings. Surgical, ' Tabloid ' Brand ... ... ... 169
■ 1-lixoid' Products "... ... ... ... ... ... 171
i jiibrcications and Pla.sters ... ... ... ... ... 87
■ Knule' Products ... ... ... ... ... ... 172
■ K|)i(;iine ' Products... ... ... ... ... ... 175
• Kpinine' Products ... ... ... ... ... ... 174
■ Krnutin ' Products ... ... ... ... ... ... 175
I irst-Aid, ' Tabloid' Brand... ... ... ... ... 156
• F'lying Venom" ... ... ... ... ... ... 31
I iM>ds and Cookery, Anglo-Saxon ... ... ... ... 13
1 ormulary B. W. & Co. ProducU 167
" llazeline' Pro<lucts... ... ... ... ... ... 176
Hclia.s, Letter from, to King .\lfred ... ... ... 45
Henltane, and ihe derivation of its name ... ... ... 87
Herbs. Anglo-Saxon knowledge of... ... ... ... 12
Honey as a Wound Dres-sing ... ... ... ... 69
I lorehouncl, its properties known ... ... ... ... 89
Hypodermic .\pparatus ... ... ... ... ... 176
Hypodermic Pocket -Cases, 'Tabloid' Brand 137
Hypodermic Products, 'Tabloid ' Brand ... ... ... 178
Influence <>( the I.atin on Saxon names of Herbs ... 81
Insanity, Curious Treatment for ... ... ... ... 43
• Kepler ' Products ... ... ... ... ... ... 183
Learning, Foundation of Anglo-Saxon ... ... ... 12
" Leech," Origin of the term ... ... ... ... 17
Leechdom for a Broken Limb ... ... ... ... 69
Literature, Foundation of Anglo-Saxon ... ... ... 25
Liver Diseases, Treatment of ... ... ... ... 40
Mandragora, Virtues of ... .. ... ... ... 57
Medical Literature ... ... ... ... ... ... 15
Medical Weights and Measures ... ... ... ... 47
" Medicina de Quadrupedibus" of Sextus Placitus ... 59
" Medicinale Anglicum " ... ... ... ... ... 29
Medicine in Antient Britain... ... ... ... ... il
Medicine Pocket-Cases, ' Tabloid' Brand... ... ... 142
Monasteries, Foundation of... ... ... ... ... 13
Nasal Bougies known ... ... ... ... ... 90
" Of Schools of Medicine"... ... ... ... ... 65
Ophthalmic Pocket-Cases, ' Tabloid ' Brand ... ... 141
Ophthalmic Products, ' Tabloid ' and ' Soloid ' Brands ... 186
Paralysis and its Treatment... ... ... ... ... 37
Pastilles, ' Tabloid ' Brand 187
Pharmaceutical Implements... ... ... ... ... 85
Pharmacy and Herb-Lore ... ... ... ... ... 81
Photographic Products, ' Tabloid ' Brand .. . ... ... 189
Plasters and Embrocations ... ... ... ... ... 87
Plague in England, First Account of ... ... ... 23
Poison Antidotes ... ... ... ... ... ... 35
Sanitary Towels, Pleated Compressed, ' Tabloid ' Brand 194
Saxon Names of Herbs, Influence of the Latin on ... 81
Sera, ' Wellcome ' Brand ... ... ... ... ... 194
Sick-nursing in Anglo-Saxon Times .:. ... ... 24
Small-Po?s ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 33
Snake-bite, Antidotes against ... ... ... ... 35
' Soloid ' Brand Products ... ... ... ... ... 197
Splints known and u.sed by Anglo-Saxons ... ... 67
Suppositories, ' Enule ' Brand ... ... ... ... 172
Surgery, Anglo-Saxon ... ... ... ... ... 23
' Tabloid ' Brand Products ... ... ... ... ... 206
'Tabloid' Medical Equipments ... .. ... ... 137
' Tabloid ' and ' Soloid ' Cases ... ... ... ... 161
Testing, Indicators for ... ... ... ... ... 204
Theriaca recommended ... ... ... ... ... 46
Training of the Leech ... ... ... ... ... 17
Vaccines, ' Wellcome ' Brand ... ... ... ... 243
' Valoid ' Brand Products ... ... ... ... ... 244
' Valule ' Brand Products ... ... ... ... ... 244
' Vaporole' Brand Products ... ... ... ... ... 244
Weights and Measures, Anglo-Saxon Medical ... ... 47
' Wellcome ' Brand Products ... ... ... ... 247
' Wellcome ' Materia Medica Farm ... ... ... 101
Wounds, Method of Cleansing ... ... ... ... 73
FOREWORD
Historical Exhibition of Rare and Curious Objects
Relating to Medicine. Chemistry, Pharmacy and
THE Allied Sciences. London (Eng.), 1913
For many years I have been engaged in researches
respecting the early methods employed in the healing art,
both among civilised and uncivilised peoples; and with the
object of stimulating the study of the great past, I have
had in my mind for some time past, the organisation of
an exhibition in connection with the history of medicine,
chemistry, pharmacy and the allied sciences, my aim
being to bring together a collection of historical objects
illustrating the development of the art and science of
healing, etc., throughout the ages.
I have decided to hold the Historical Medical Exhibition,
which has been in process of organisation for some years
past, at the same time as the International Medical
Congress, which is due to take place in London, in 1913.
This decision will, 1 have no doubt, suit the convenience
of the many medical practitioners from all parts of the
world, who will be visiting England on the occasion of the
Congress.
The success of the Historical Medical Exhibition will
depend largely upon the co-operation of those interested in
the subject with which it deals, and I again appeal, therefore,
to all who possess objects of historical medical interest, to
render their kind assistance by lending them to me, so
that the Exhibition may be thoroughly representative.
A syllabus containing full particulars will be forwarded
on request.
HENRY S. WELLCOME
Anglo-Saxon leechcraft
An Historical Sketch of Early English Medicine
Contents
PAGE
Chapter I
The Genesis of English Medicine ii
Chapter II
The Anglo-Saxon Leech and his Practice . . . • 17
Chapter III
Anglo-Saxon Medical Literature 25
Chapter IV
" Medicinale Anglicum," or the Leech Book of Bald. . 29
Chapter V
The " Herbarium " of Apuleius Platonicus . . .49
Chapter VI
The " Medicina de Quadrupedibus " of Sextus Placitus . 59
Chapter VII
Anglo-Saxon Surgery 67
Chapter VIII
Anglo-Saxon Pharmacy and Herb-Lore . . . .81
Chapter IX
Anglo-Saxon Methods of Healing by Charm and Incantation 91
Coloured Drawing from the Anglo-Saxon
Manuscript, "Herbarium Apuleius Platonicus"
ca. A.D. 1000-1050
Probably represents Apuleius receiving a book, containing the
secret virtues of herbs, from Apollo, who is here depicted in
ecclesiastical vestments.
ANGLO-SAXON LEECHCRAFT
An Historical Sketch of Early English Medicine
CHAPTER I
Introductory
The Genesis of English Medicine
Of the races that inhabited the Isles of Britain in
antient times, few are more interesting than the
Anglo-Saxon, which speedily overran the country
after the departure of the Romans and flourished
for a period which may be said to have extended
from A.D. 596 to 1066.
After the decline of the Roman power in Britain,
and during the inroads of the barbaric tribes, the
greater portion of the practical knowledge of medicine
and surgery known to the antient Britons must have
disappeared. Their medical books, if any
such remained, were probably rendered Medicine in
almost useless owing to the difficulty of Britain
procuring many of the ingredients men-
tioned in them, as they were a people who had little
intercourse with the inhabitants of other parts of the
world.
It would appear, from letters written to Boniface,
the Apostle of the Germans, by correspondents in
England, that there was a medical literature in the
( Diintry even as early as the eighth century, since in
one letter the fact is stated that. " We have some
medical books, but the foreign ingredients we find
prescribed in them are unknown to us, and difficult
to obtain."
12 ANC;L O-RAXON I, EECHCRAFT
The Teutonic races, however, brought with them a
self-acquired knowledge of the properties of worts,
which they employed in the treatment of
The Saxons' their sick. This empirical knowledge of
knowledgre i i , • , • . . ,
of herbs heros, which was m some cases intermixed
with a certain amount of superstition in
the form of charms and incantations, formed the basis
jof the medical art practised by the Anglo-Saxons in
England.
Their early religious belief consisted fundamentally
of a rude, fearsome worship of the forces of Nature,
but with the introduction of Christianity into England,
by Augustine in the year 597, they commenced to
emerge from this state, and the Anglo-Saxons, revivified
and relieved from disquietude, began to develop a
literature of their own. The northern runes, the
beechen tablet, and the scratching implement were
superseded by the Roman alphabet, skin or parchment,
style and ink.
Thus were the foundations of the age of Anglo-Saxon
learning laid, and the Christian missionaries, coming
from the more civilised Roman Empire, doubtless
brought with them some knowledge of the medicine
of their country. From Greece also, the fountain-head
of the medical art in Europe, learning
tion o°f"" ^" filtered through, and although the Anglo-
AnKio-saxon gaxous wcrc but slow to absorb the know-
learning:
ledge of the more cultivated Greeks, we
know from the works on the healing art that have
survived, that it exercised a certain influence upon
their practice of medicine.
That they were a people of culture is proved by a
study of their literature in the manuscripts, written in
the vernacular, that have come down to
Anglo-Saxon us from the past. In these, we find poetry
of the arts represented by the rugged lines of Beowulf
and Cynewulf, literature by the scholarly
treatises of Aldhelm, history by the famous records
of the Venerable Bede, and medicine by the Leech
AN<il.<>-S A Xl>N LKECIICK A l-T 13
Book of Bald. In these works, few though they are in
number, we have evidence of their knowledge of the
arts and sciences.
In dealing with the culture of a people of a bygone
age, a few words on their customs and manner of living
will not be out of place.
From what records we possess it is evident that the
Anglo-Saxons lived in a certain amount of comfort.
Their food consisted of beef, mutton, pork, goat,
\ enison, wild boar, peacock, swan, goose, duck, and a
great variety of wild fowl ; as well as salmon, eel, hake,
sturgeon, herrings, and other fish in great variety.
Their cookery, judging from historians, was not to be
despised. At noon -meat, or dinner, the
Anglo-Saxon spread his table with a Angio-s«xon
, . . foods and
cloth, on which were placed such damties cookery
as oyster patties, or fowls stuffed with
bread, and such worts as parsley. Chickens, pigs'
trotters, eggs, and various preparations of milk, formed
articles of his everyday diet. The meat was usually
brought to table direct from the fire, on small spits,
and all food that required it was sweetened with honey.
For dessert they had sweet apples, pears, peaches,
medlars, plums, and cherries, and to satisfy their thirst
they drank mead, home-brewed ale and beer. Of the
latter they had many varieties, and we find references
to strong beer, strong ale, both clear and foreign, and
another which they called " twybrowen," or double-
brewed ale. The hop plant was known and used by
them, and called " hedge hymele." Further, they
imported gold, precious stones, silk, drugs, wine, oil,
ivory, glass, and many other articles, which they used
in their arts.
During the eighth century great monasteries were
founded, first at Winchester, then at
Malmesbury, and later, at Glastonbury. Foundation
These formed the chief centres of learning monatterie*
at the time, and became the cradle of the
arts. Their libraries contained manuscripts, some
c
ANCLO-SAXON LEECHCHAFT 13
original and in the vernacular, others copied from the
learned hooks in Latin and in Greek introduced from
other parts of Europe. Here were doubtless to be
found the works of the great Greek physicians,
AretsEUs of Cappadocia, Alexander of Tralles, and
Paul of ^Egina; and from these and other works the
monks were instructed in all that was then known qf
the early sciences.
From this period till the end of the tenth century,
we have no knowledge of the practice of medicine
among the Anglo-Saxons, and it is not until the time
of Alfred the Great that we have actual contemporary
record of the medical art as practised in England
at that time.
From the scanty relics of Anglo-Saxon literature that
remain, we are able, however, to form some idea of their
knowledge of the art of healing, and their medical
manuscripts are of special interest to us, as they are
the earliest records of the English people settled in
England, as well as being the foundation of English
medicine.
Although, as we shall see from the following pages,
in their medical treatment charms and incantations
frequently accompanied the administration
of drugs, behind these superstitious practices Angio-saxon
there existed a real and practical knowledge literature
of the art of medicine, which rested mainly
upon a knowledge of the properties of the herbs or
worts from which they mainly drew their materia
medica.
M K <
5^ X
ANULCI-SAXON LKKCHCKAKT 17
CHAPTER II
The Anglo-Saxon LeecH and his Practice
The Anglo-Saxon medical practitioner was known as
'* the Leech," an appropriate name in one sense, and
probably derived from the medical use of the leech for
letting blood, known from times of great antiquity.
This term for the man of medicine remained
in use in lingland throughout the Middle The origin
Ages. Apparently, he was not exclusively "Leech-
of the priestly caste like the Druids, and
yet it seems clear from Anglo-Saxon literature that the
officials of the church were also exponents of the
medical art.
It appears probable that their early training was
obtained in the treatment of the sick who were brought
to the monasteries, and treated in the
monastic infirmaries. That there was some The training
of the leech
kind of instruction or training in the art
may be inferred from the following antient lines: —
" Twig runes shall thou ken
If tliou a leech will Ijc,
And ken a sore to see ;
On bark shall one then write
.\nd on branch of wood whose
limbs to east do lout."
Again, in the Anglo-Saxon manuscript, " Medicinale
Anglicum," the expression " as leeches know how " is
used, from which it may be presumed that the text
was intended to instruct those who were desirous of
acquiring some knowledge of leechcraft.
From contemporary drawings in the Anglo-Saxon
manuscripts, we are enabled to form a fairly accurate
idea of the appearance of the Leech of
this period. Thin and grave in mien, as pjc^ure of
became a man of learning, with full *•"« Angio-
Saxon leech
moustaches and beard, he is depicted
attired in the rock, or Anglo-Saxon tunic, reaching to
his knees, with a decorated border and girdle. His
^
o c O
fyV^j
-V-:
ANtiLO-SAXuN tKECHCKAKT 10
legs are bare, but his feet are covered with pad-hose,
a soft boot with a roll-down top. In some represen-
tations his head is covered by a pointed cap of the
Phrygian type, and to his shoulders is attached a
half-length cloak or mantle.
From the " Medicinale Anglicum," known as the
Leech Book of Bald, the earliest Anglo-Saxon manu-
script extant dealing with medicine, something may
be gleaned concerning the leeches of the period.
Bald himself, the owner of the book, was a man of
learning. He refers to his library, and tells us " he
loved his precious volumes more than fees or stored
wealth." In the course of this treatise two
other leeches are referred to, both appar- ola^rid' dub
ently teachers of the medical art. One is
named Oxa, of whom it is said, " he taught this leech-
dom," and, in another place, a leech named Dun is
mentioned as the originator or instructor of a special
method of treatment. It is probable that Oxa, Dun,
and perhaps other practitioners gave Bald the benefit
■ if their experience to be embodied in this work ; and
that he was also familiar with the works of the early
Greek fathers of medicine is evident from many parts
of the book.
It is to the Venerable Bede, the great light of the
Northumbrian Church, we owe our chief knowledge of
the medical art in the seventh century.
The frequent allusions to leeches in his J,)",' Bed"'
works tend to show that they were the
regular practitioners of medicine, and it would appear
that, like the barber- surgeons of the Middle Ages, they
were subordinate to the ecclesiastic, and were called in
mainly for the purpose of bleeding or performing minor
operations in surgery.
In his historic work, " Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis
Anglorum," Bede is the first to mention an English
physician by name, in the person of Medicus Cynefrid,
who attended .lulilthrj'd, the Abbess of Ely, in her
!S < S!
< i-
ANGLO-SAXON I.KECHCKAFT 81
last illness, and opened a large abscess in her neck.
From Bede's account, it is evident that
this good woman, filled with religious Bngiuh
fer\our, gloried in the nature of her p»>y»ici*n
disease. '* I know," she says, *' that
I deserve to bear the weight of my disease on my neck,
for I remember that in my girlhood I bore there that
\cry foolish weight of necklaces, and
I believe that therefore the heavenlv mercy ^diuhryds
. ' illness and
wills that I should bear the pam of my death
neck, that thus I may be absolved from
the guilt of my silly levity, since now instead of gold
and pearls, the redness and inflammation of a swelling
stand out upon my neck."
-Edilthryd died about a.d. 680, and, judging from
the description given of her affliction, a swelling of
the neck ending in suppuration, her death was
probably due to tuberculosis, a disease which was
doubtless prevalent in England even before the seventh
century.
There is a story which forms a curious sequel to the
death of the Abbess .Edilthryd, in which it is related
that sixteen years after her death, it was thought
desirable to transfer her body to the church, and place
it in a marble sarcophagus. When the grave was
opened the body was found as whole and uncorrupted
as if she had been buried the same day.
The phvsician Cvnefrid, who was present Cynefrids
• - - ^ account of
both at her death and at her re-interment, the exbuma-
added one curious circumstance in ccm- jBduthryd
firniation. He had, he said, been ordered
to lance a large tumour which the Abbess had, in
her last illness, under her jaw. The patient had died
three days afterwards. At the re-interment, he
states, he found the wound of the incision which
he had made healed up in a wonderful manner, so
that instead of the gaping wound with which she
had been buried, there appeared only the slightest
trace of a scar.
ANCLO-8AXON LBBCHCRAKT SS
It is to Hede also that we owe the first account
of the plague in this country, when in
A.D. 664 it was brought from Ireland, where ^"** account
it had raged from the middle of the BnKUnd
previous year. That bleeding was prac-
tised by the leeches as early as a.d. 665, is also
recorded by him, as follows : —
Once when John of Beverley, Bishop of Hexham,
was visiting a nunnery at Wetadun (or Watton), in
\'orkshire, he was told that one of the nuns
was suffering from a severe illness. She practicV^by
had lately been bled in the arm, and in Angio-saxon
•' _ ^ leeches
consequence of this it had become swollen
and painful, and fears were entertained for her life.
On the Bishop enquiring when the maiden had been
bled, and being told that it was on the fourth day
of the moon, he said, " You have acted very un-
wisely and unskilfully in bleeding on the
fourth day of the moon, for I remember Account of
that Archbishop Theodore of pleasant of'« nun"
memory, said that bleeding at that time
was very dangerous, when both the light of the moon
and tide of the ocean are on the increase." Bede goes
on to state that the good Bishop said a prayer over the
sick nun, and gave her his blessing, after which she
immediately felt better, and soon recovered.
He also relates a story of a young prince, who had
concussion of the brain, owing to a fall from his horse.
Through the efforts of John of Beverley
he was restored to consciousness, and it is fu°reeVy^*"**°
recorded that after so doing a leech was
called and charged to set and bandage the broken skull.
Bede, who wrote on many subjects, is stated to
be the author of a work on blood-letting, entitled
" De minutione sanguinis sive de phle-
botomia." In this book he gives the proper Bede-i
times for bleeding, mentioning the right blo'd-ut^rnc
and the wrong days, and issues a special
warning against the letting of blood on certain unlucky
24 ANGLO-SAXON LEECHCKAKT
days. He states: "At any time by day or night, if
need compels, we must use phlebotomy in acute
diseases ; and especially in the time from the eighth
of the Kalends of April to the seventh of the Kalends
of June (March 24 to May 25), we have good results
from taking away blood, because then the blood is
undergoing increase."
In the life of St. Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury,
there is an interesting description of how the sick were
nursed in Anglo-Saxon times. Eadmar, speaking of
a saint's life and death, says : " Oh ! how
Sick-nursing mauv given over in sickness have been
in Anglo- " iii i-i-
Saxon times brouglit back to health by his lovmg care.
You felt it, Hereward, helpless old man,
when, weighed down, not only by years, but by a severe
illness, so that you had no control over any part of
your physical frame but your tongue, and were fed
by his hand, and were refreshed bj' wine squeezed
from the grapes by one hand into the other, drinking
it from his own hand, so that you were restored
to health."
ANGLO-SAXON LBKCHCRAPT
85
CHAPTER III
Anglo-Saxon Medical Literature
About the middle of the tenth century saw the
toundation of a true national literature, which is the
more remarkable from
the fact that while the
learned books of con-
tinental nations were
written in Latin and
Greek, the Anglo-Saxons
produced manuscripts
on medicine,
< , Poundation
such as have of Angio-
come down Sfxon
literature
to us, in
their vernacular. This
fact is unique, because
in no other country in
Europe can we find at
this period, or for cen-
turies afterwards, any
signs of a literature
written in the language
of the people. It also
goes to prove that the
Anglo-Saxons were a
people of culture, intelli-
gence, and activity of
mind.
Of Anglo-Saxon works
still extant, there are
but seven which may be
called strictly medical.
The most
important of Anglo-Saxon
these is the " Medicinalc Anglicum," known m«nuicript»
as the Leech Hook of Hald. It consists of
three parts, and is believed to have been written
between a.d. goo and 950, by an Anglo-Saxon named
helron holding the Oraater Centaury
From a llaouacript of tbe
ZII Century
The herb Sea Holly
From a Manuscript of the XI Century
ANGLO-SAXON LRKCMCKArT 3ff
Cild for a patron or colleague called Bald. What is
termed the third part of this work evidently does not
belong to it, but appears to be a shorter treatise
something like the preceding portions, and apparently
written at the same period.
The next manuscript of importance is an Anglo-
Saxon translation of the " Herbarium " by Apuleius
Platonicus, a work originally written in Latin early in
the eleventh century. With this are associated three
or four other short treatises, the longest being an
adaptation of the work of Dioscorides, and another,
the •' Medicina de Ouadrupedibus " of Sextus Placitus.
This work contains many drawings in colour of the
lurbs described.
I'here is also an Anglo-Saxon manuscript of Recipes,
..i Lacnttnga, consisting of a number of miscellaneous
leechdoms, written about the eleventh century.
Further, there is a treatise in Anglo-Saxon entitled
'• Peri Uidaxeon," " Of Schools of Medicine." This
work has been shown to be partly founded on the Latin
of Petrocelus, a teacher of the School of Salerno, and
is of later date, having been probably written about the
middle of the twelfth century.
\nother manuscript consists of a collection of medical
<- ii.irms, and lastly there is a glossary of the names of
plants, which throws an interesting light upon the herb-
lore of the period.
,U'Wt-l'<*<^^^"l rib TnKlum cyI>^
,l^Wi J^vvco^om ■pWmicUnn x;ivn j^ o-p^i lv\n> Vv-1 f'
l^^^VI.|^^«C1^^o^m s'lrjncvTiii^'pA.Vc. pAvUp-fftvlyL-pl^^
-|5TtirrK\n caUifix^- , ' -^-^
.l?9Wvu^£^v«j?I>om<vr rij' kpTvr^ linrt>-]pI^--jJip-i><rjlA:
C' 1 n«rc
i
frnv pes-j-oTiTiv-^'p hft\po^Tn?b -|C|UTice-oTiflH
First page of the Leechdoms
From the Anglo-Saxon Manuscript " Medicinale Anglictun"
known as the Leech Book of Bald
ca. A.D. 900-950
ANGLO-SAXON LBKCMCRAPT
CHAPTER IV
"Medicinale Anglicum"
OR
The Leech Book of Bald
The most important of the Anglo-Saxon manuscripts,
from a medical point of view, is known as the Leech
Book of Bald, and the allusions to King Alfred contained
in it show that it was written either in the lifetime of
that monarch or shortly after his death. Judging from
the character of the caligraphy, authorities are of opinion
that it was written in the former half of the tenth
century. The book itself is a definite and complete
work, consisting of one hundred and twenty-seven
folios, written on vellum, and is divided into two parts,
each with its proper colyphon at the end. The first
consists of eighty-eight, and the second of sixty-six,
chapters.
This manuscript is thought to have probably once
belonged to the famous Abbey of Glastonbury, for a
catalogue of the books of that foundation
ven by Wanley contains the entry — B«id, the
Medicinale Anglicum," and when this the book
book was re-bound in 1757, there was
found inscribed on one of the fly-leaves the words
" Medicinale Anglicum," in almost illegible characters.
The authorship of the work is largely a matter of
conjecture, but the following crude vjerses are inscribed
at the end of the second book : —
" Bald is the owner of this book, which he ordered Cild to write,
K.irnestly I pray here all men, in the name of Christ.
That no treacherous person take this book from me.
Neither by force, nor by theft, nor by any false statement.
Why ? because the richest treasure is not so dear to me
As my dear books, which the grace of Christ attends."
Judging from these lines it would appear that Bald
was probably an Anglo-Saxon leech, or, at least,
An Anglo-Saxon Leech blistering patients for
headache, and oppression in the stomach,
and also for catarrh and hoarseness
From a Manuscript, ca. a.d. 1 150
ANGLO-SAXON LRBCHCRAFT 81
was greatly interested in medicine, and that he had
instructed Cild, who may also have been a leech or
simply a scribe, to compile this collection
of leechdoms or recipes, and other methods ^"''; "[!"*
* wrote It
of medical treatment in use at the time,
fo^'ether with knowledge gleaned from Greek and
Latin authors on medicine.
In this treatise of undoubted Anglo-Saxon origin,
tliL-re is proof that the leeches of the time were keen
students of the Greek and Arabian medical schools, the
influence of such physicians as Alexander of Tralles,
I'aul of .ligina, and Kha^es, being clearly traceable in
tlie work.
In the text, as already stated, two other leeches
named Dun and Oxa are mentioned, which shows
that there must have been others of the class of
Bald and Cild who were learned in medicine and
contemporary with them.
The plan of work adopted by the writer is a rough
classification of the members and limbs of the body,
together with the affections and diseases to which they
are subject. The book begins with an epitome or list
of the various leechdoms recommended for
the affections of the head ; then ailments of fh, ",' e"/,!,,
the eyes, ears, throat, parts of the face,
the mouth and lips are treated ; and so on throughout
the body, until we come to the feet. The final chapters
contain methods for treating diseases prevalent at the
time: fevers, humours, paralysis, smallpox, and others.
In a study of the Leech Book of Bald one cannot
fail to be struck by the significant expressions which
are used to describe various diseases. Thus, in con-
nection with epidemics or diseases that
spread with rapidity, the term " flying ^'fj^^"?
venom " is used, which in our time might
be expressed as " air-borne germs." This expression is
applied in one case to venomous swellings, which are
thought to refer to bubonic plague.
An interesting allusion is made to smallpox, or
pock-disease, as it is termed in the translation. The
ANGLO-SAXON LKRCHCRAFT 33
early history of smallpox is somewhat obscure, owing
to the difficulty of identifying the disease under the
names that were given to it in antient
times. There is good evidence, however,
that it appeared in France in a.d. 567, and in Arabia
in A.D. 572. Rhazes, the Arabian physician, wrote a
treatise upon it in a.d. 923, not long before Bald's
I-eech Book was written. In Anglo-Saxon it was
simply called pockes, the plural of a word which
signified "pustules." On the appearance of the
disease, bleeding was ordered, thus: —
" Against pockes ; very much shall one let blood,
and drink a bowlful of melted butter ; if
they (the pustules) strike out, one shall dig Leechdoms
each with a thorn, and then drop one-year tmlupox
alder-drink in, then they will not be seen."
This last instruction, evidently intended to prevent
pitting, clearly identifies the disease.
Struma was known to the Anglo-Saxon leeches as
•• neck ratten," or " purulence in the neck," and for this
disease they recommended the following treatment : —
" When first the neck ratten begins to exist, smear it
with gall of a beeve, or best of an ox ; it is a tried
remedy ; in a few nights he will be whole. If thou
uouldst know if it be neck purulence, take
an earthworm entire, lay it on the place Leechdoms
where the annoyance is, and wrap up fast "fruml
above with leaves ; if it be neck ratten the
worm turneth to earth, if it be not, he, the patient, will
be whole. Again for neck ratten, take coriander, and
beans sodden together, and lay on ; soon it removes
the disease.
" Again, a leechdom for the same, take a water crab
burnt and then rubbed small and mingled with honey
and done on, or applied, soon he will be well. For the
same again, a southern wort has been called galbanum,
lay it on the neck pain, then it draweth altogether out
the evil wet, or humour, and the ratten."
' l\|^ i ivln>tnini*pfTimr)r
liiinii-puj'orhvj-l .
ivpDu |lin' lit»-yi ii'Jii' i li
i;iVccJnv]-p- jntinliyiur-
|hrt> ijnnilur yiinr}* |T"
^rrr--]ttir lixTir uiir t'l.v.
livv coctc,
1 mhrr v
The herb Maythe
(Chamomile)
From an Anglo-Saxon Manuscript
The " Herbarium " of Apuleius Platonicus
ca. A.D. 1000-1050
ANGLO-SAXON LBBCHCRArT 85
Yellow jaundice is termed "the gall disease, from
which Cometh great evil." It is diagnosed when " the
patient's body all becometh bitter, and as
yellow as good silk ; and under the root ag^ntt*""*
of his tongue there be swart veins and 7*"°"
jaundice
pernicious, and his unne is yellow." The
latter observation is interesting as being one of the
few instances in the Anglo-Saxon leechdoms of
clincial observation, or reference to the appearance
of the urine, which was regarded so highly by the
Greek physicians as an aid to diagnosis.
The drinks or potions against poison are very
numerous, and indicate the dread of
poisoning that existed in early times, Tnti'do'te
probably owing to an imperfect knowledge
of what was really toxic and poisonous.
" Against poison," says the writer, " put in holy water,
betony. and the small atterlothe, drink the water and
eat the worts.
" Against any poison, boil the netherward part
of bishopwort and lupin, and the netherward
part of springwort, everthroat, and clote in ale;
give to drink frequently."
One of the most curious leechdoms reads as follows: —
" If a man eat wolfsbane, let him stand upon his head,
let someone strike him many scarifications on the shanks,
then the venom departs out through the incision."
That poisonous snakes were common in the land may
be gathered from the many leechdoms for the bites of
adders and snakes, although their efficacy is extremely
doubtful, as instanced in the following: —
" If an adder strike a man, wash a black snail in holy
water, and give to the sick to drink."
The allusions to worms are numerous Antidotet
, . • < , , •ralnal
and interesting, but they are not always aaake-bite
easy of indentification. Some are termed
"hand-worms" or "worms that eat the hand." These
were probably the itch mites ^Acaru5 scahui), for
which the following is prescribed as treatment : —
36 ANGLO-SAXON LEECHCRAFT
" For hand-worms and ' deaw-worms ' ; take dock or
clote, such as would swim, mingle the roots with cream
and with salt, let it stand for three nights,
J'^^w.IlT and on the fourth day smear therewith the
tor worms J
sore places.
" Against a hand-worm, take ship tar, and sulphur,
and pepper and white salt, mingle them together, smear
therewith."
Concerning the deaw-worm, Bradley observes that
this must have been something affecting the feet, and
therefore probably meant the acarus, and
worm**"'' was the same as the hand-worm. Worms
are also described " that eat a man's
flesh," called " flesh-worms."
Reference is further made to an insect called the
" boring-worm, which bores into a man," and suggests
something similar to the guinea-worm, well-known in
the East. It is referred to as follows : —
" Against a boring-worm, let the man eat new cheese,
beebread, and wheaten loaf.
" Again, burn to ashes a man's head bone or skull,
put it on with a pipe."
Another variety of worm mentioned is termed the
" ana-worm, which grows in a man." It is referred
to as follows : —
"If the worm eat through to the outside and make a
hole, take a drop of honey, drop it in the
The ana- holc, then havc broken glass ready ground,
worm ' o y o 7
shed it on the hole, then as soon as the
worm tastes of this, he will die."
" A salve against an ana-worm thus shall a man
work it ; take cinquefoil, that is five-leave grass, and rue ;
boil them in butter, sweeten with honey."
Treatment The treatment by powdered glass is
glass ^ ^'^^ interesting, and shows the antiquity of the
reputation of this substance as a poison.
It is said to have been used for criminal purposes as
late as the eighteenth century.
ANGLO-SAXON LBBCHCRAPT 37
From this account of the ana-worm it seems
probable that maggots of bot-flies, which infest cattle,
are referred to, which at that time mayliave attacked
man.
Against lice, an ointment is recommended to be
made as follows : " One pennyweight of
ciuicksilver and two of butter ; mingle all ^/""e
together in a brazen vessel."
A leechdom to reUeve toothache in which it is
recommended to mix powdered cinnamon
and pepper into a plaster with honey and ^/toot'ha^e
lay it against the tooth, would doubtless
be as effective as many remedies recommended for
the same purpose at the present time.
For bronchial troubles, or what is termed "lung-
disease, host, or cough," treatment by inhalation is thus
suggested : —
"Take swails apple, and brimstone, and frankin-
cense, of all equally much, mingle with
wax, lay on a hot stone, let the patient J;"b"nc'hiti.
swallow the reek through a horn, and
afterwards eat three pieces of old lard or of butter."
An excellent and rational recipe for a cough is
as follows : —
" Boil in honey alone, horehound, add a |'<,**«''co"gh
little barley meal, let the patient eat at
night fasting, and when thou givest him drink or
brewit, give it him hot."
Hemiplegia was known to the Anglo-Saxons as the
" half-dead disease," and is described as
" the disease that comes upon the right P«raiy»i»,
side of the body or the left, where the treatment
sinews are powerless, and are afflicted with
a slippery and thick humour, evil, thick and mickle."
The following treatment is recommended in the
Anglo-Saxon leechdoms : —
"The humour must be removed with blood-lettings,
and draughts and leechdoms. When first the disease
Instructions for applying the
actual cautery
For pain in the head — for inflammation in the chest
— stiffness in the hand and knees— for elephantiasis— for cough
— for tertian fever
From a Manuscript of the XII Century
ANGLO-SAXON LBECHCKAPT 80
Cometh on the man. then open his mouth, look at his
tongue, then is it whiter on that side on which the
disease is about to be ; then tend to him thus ; carry
the man to a very close and warm chamber, rest
him very well there in shelter, and let warm gledes
be often carried in.
" Then unwrap him and view his hands carefully, and
whichsoever thou find cold, on that cold vein let him
blood. After the blood-letting somewhere about three
nights, give him a purging wort drink, put in as many
githcorns as leeches know must be put into a wort
drink, and suitable worts.
" At whiles must be given him aloes after their proper
method, at whiles scammony ; at whiles again after
wort drinks, when he is in repose, let blood again on a
vein as thou didst at first ; at whiles draw blood with a
cupping glass or a horn from the sore deadened places.
" For the half-dead disease. Warm at whiles the
sore place at the hearth or by gledes, and smear with
oil, and with healing salves, and rub smartly so that
the salves may sink in. Work into a salve some old
salt grease, some horse marrow, some goose fat or
hen's, and add good worts, and warm the sore places
at the fire."
Typhus fever is known in the leechdoms under the
name of " lent addle." The treatment of this disease,
as will be seen from the following, is partly
by incantation, both over the medicine and a leecbdom
,L i- . for typhus
the patient : — fever
" A drink against lent addle or typhus :
feverfue, the herb rams fall (Menyanthes tri/oliala),
fennel, waybread ; let a man sing many masses over
the worts, souse them with ale and holy water, boil
very thoroughly, let thv man drink a great cup full, as
hot as he may, before the disorder will be on him ; say
the names of the four gospellers, and a charm, and a
prayer, etc. Again, a divine prayer, etc., thine hand
vexeth, thine hand vexeth."
40
ANGLO-SAXON LEECHCRAFT
Diseases of the liver received considerable attention
from the author of this Leech Book, and the leechdom
on the subject commences :—
Anglo-Saxon " For all Uver diseases, and of its
of the liver uaturc, increment, and of the six things
which work the liver pain, and curing of
all these, and plain tokens, either by the mie, or by the
loss of appetite, or by the hue
of the patient."
Then follows an anatomical
description of the liver, and its
physiological action from an
Anglo-Saxon point of view.
" The liver is extended on
the right side as far as the pit
of the belly, it hath five lobes
or lappets ; it has a hold on
the false ribs, it is the material
of the blood ; when there is
digestion and the attenuation
of the meats, they arrive at
the liver, and then they change
their hue, and turn
fref!mfn"o7 into blood ; aud it
casteth out the
unclean n e s se s
which be there, and collects
the clean blood, and through
four veins principally sendeth
it to the heart, and also
throughout all the body as far
as the extremities of the limbs.
Of the six things which work
liver pain ; first swelling, that
is, puffing up of the liver ; the
second is the bursting of the
swelling : the third is wound of the liver ; the fourth is a
burning heat with sensitiveness and with a sore swelling ;
the fifth is a hardening of the maw, with sensitiveness
and with soreness ; the sixth is a hardening of the liver
diseases
the live
with Drine Flask and
From an Anglo-Saxon 2klanu-
script of the XII Century
ANCI.O*SAXON LKKCHCRArT 41
without sensitiveness and soreness. Thou mayest thus
understand swelling or pufRng up of the liver ; on the
right side is under nech {last) rib, first the swelling of
the liver observed, and the disordered man there first
feeleth heaviness and sore, and from that place the
sore riseth over all the side as far as the collar bone,
and as far as the right shoulder, and the man's mie is
blood red as if it were bloody ; loss of appetite is
incident unto him, and his hue is pale, and he is
somewhat feverish, and he suffereth remarkable chill,
and quaketh as a man doth in lent addle or typhus
fever ; his meat will not keep down, the liver enlarges,
and he may not touch the sore with his hand, to that
degree is it strong, and he hath no sleep when it is
strongest. When the swelling bursteth then is the
inie purulent, as ratten ; if it runneth off then is the
sore less."
For a swelling or puffing-up of the liver, it is
recommended to let blood from a vein on the left
side, then after a bath, a salve of oil and rue, dill, and
marche, " as much as may seem good to thee ; seethe
all with the oil and then bathe with nesh wool with
the wash for a long time, the right side, and then
overlay with wool, and swathe up fast for about three
nights."
For an abscess of the liver, " when the purulent
swelling bursteth, warm and fresh goat's milk to be
given to the patient."
Although diet is rarely mentioned among the leech-
doms in the Book of Bald, it is not altogether neglected,
as instanced in the following paragraphs, taken from
the second part of the book, indicating the proper diet
for a patient suffering from enlarged spleen : —
" Thus shall the sick man's diet be administered in
that disease; juicy peas, and bread in hot
water, and oxymel, of which we wrote Angio-s«xon
before, when speaking of bladder disease, &• to diet
the southern acid drink ; marche also
sodden in water, and such worts and diuretic drinks,
and thin wine must be given them, and sheer or clear ;
An Anglo-Saxon Leech, holding a scroll
inscribed
"Just as starvation is cured by repletion, so repletion is
cured by starvation ' '
From a Manuscript, ca. a.d. 1 150
ANbLU-SAXUN LKBCHCKAFT 43
that will better the power of the milt ; and shell fishes
are to be taken, and fowls, those, namely, which are not
dwellers in fens. This that folloiu'eth is to be foregone ;
let them not partake of fen fishes, nor sea fishes which
have hard flesh, and let them take the before-named
meats, oysters, and periwinkles, not the meats which
puff up a man's strength, nor let them take flesh of
bullock, nor of swine, nor of sheep, nor of goat, nor of
kid, nor let them drink thick wine, nor food either too
extremely hot or too cold. Again, it is good to let
blood in early Lent or spring from the left arm."
The Anglo-Saxon treatment for insanity was both
drastic and curious. Thus the leechdom -
recommends: — curious
" In case a man be a lunatic, take skin insanity
of a mere swine, or porpoise, work it into
;i whip, swinge the man therewith, soon he will be
well. Amen."
Another strange remedy, illustrating the super-
titious element which enters into many of the leech-
linns, is a drink composed of certain herbs, "for a
man possessed by devils." The most curious part of
the remedy is the admonition that the drink should be
administered to the patient in a church bell. This
leechdom reads as follows : —
"For a fiend sick man, or demoniac, when a devil
possesses the man or controls him from
within with disease; a spew drink, or Jo'VmlV
iiiutic, lupin, bishopwort, henbane, crop- P°*!"","'
leek : pound these together, add ale for a
liquid, let 1/ stand for a night, add fifty libcorns, or
cathartic grains, and holy water.
" A drink for a fiend sick man, to be drunk out of
a church bell ; githrife, cynoglossum, yarrow, lupin,
betony, attorlothe, cassock, flower de luce, fennel,
church lichen, lichen of Christ's mark or cross, lovage;
work up the drink off clear ale, sing seven masses
over the worts, add garlic and holy water, and drop
the drink into every drink which he will subsequently
drink, and let him sing the psalm, Beati immaculati.
Instructions for applying the actual cautery
For quaternary fever, cauterise and bleed— for kidney disease
and pain in the hips
From a Manuscript of the XII Century
ANGLO-SAXON LBHCHCRAFT 45
and Exurgat, and Salvum me fac, deus ; and then let
him drink the drink out of a church bell, and let
the mass priest after the drink sing this over him,
Doming, sanctc pater omnipotens.
*' For a lunatic ; costmary, goutweed, lupin, betony,
attorlothe, cropleek, field gentian, hove, fennel ; let
masses be sung over, let it be wrought of foreign
ale and of holy water; let him drink this thick for
nine mornings, at ever>' one fresh, and no other liquid
that is thick and still, and let him give alms, and
earnestly pray God for his mercies. For the phrenzied;
bishopwort, lupin, bonewort, everfem (Polypodium
vul^are), githrife, elecampane, when day and night
divide, then sing thou in the church litanies, that is,
the names of the hallows or saints, and the Paternoster ;
with the song go thou that thou mayest be near the
worts, and go thrice about them, and when thou
takest them go to church with the same song, and
sing twelve masses over them, and over all the
drinks which belong to the disease, in honour of the
twelve apostles."
Other diseases mentioned in the leechdoms are
catarrh, dropsy, sciatica, gout, gonorrhoea, elephanti-
asis, and rheumatism.
In the second part of the Leech Book of Bald occurs
a remarkable letter which is supposed to have been
sent from Helias, the Patriarch of Jerusalem, to King
Alfred the Great. Cockayne thinks this letter is
genuine, and it is especially interesting as mentioning
a number of foreign drugs which were probably to be
found in the Syrian apothecaries' shops of that period.
It reads as follows: —
"It (balsam) is also very good in this wise for cough
and for carbuncle, apply this wort, soon
shall the man be hole. This is smearing * letter from
with balsam for all infirmities which are on King AUred
a man's body, against fever, and against
apparitions, and against all delusions. Similarly also
petroleum is good to drink simple for inward tenderness.
ANGLO-SAXON LEECHCRAFT
and to smear on outwardly on a winter's day, since it
hath very much heat ; hence one shall drink it in winter ;
and it is good if for anyone his speech faileth, then let
him take it, and make the mark of Christ under his
tongue, and swallow a little of it. Also if a man become
out of his wits, then let him take part of it, and make
Christ's mark on every limb, except the cross upon the
forehead, that shall be of balsam, and the other also on
the top of his head. Theriaca is a good drink for all
inward tendernesses, and the man, who so
recomniended behaveth himself as is here said, he may
much help himself. On the day on which
he will drink theriaca, he shall fast until midday, and
not let wind blow on him that day ; then let him go to
the bath, let him sit there till he sweat ; then let him
take a cup, and put a little warm water in it, then let
him take a little bit of the theriaca, and mingle with the
water, and drain through some thin raiment, then drink
it, and let him then go to his bed and wrap himself up
warm, and so lie till he sweat well ; then let him arise
and sit up and clothe himself, and then take his meat
at noon, three hours past midday, and protect himself
earnestly against the wind that day; then, I believe to
God, that it may help the man much. The white stone
{alabaster) is powerful against stitch, and against flying
venom, and against all strange calamities ; thou shalt
shave it into water and drink a good mickle, and shave
thereto a portion of the red earth, and the stones are
all very good to drink of, against all uncouth things.
When the fire is struck out of the stone, it is good
against lightenings and against thunders, and against
delusion of every kind ; and if a man in his way is gone
astray, let him strike himself a spark before him, he will
soon be in the right way."
It is interesting to note in connection with the
modern use of petroleum emulsion in chest troubles
that petroleum was recommended for " inward tender-
ness " in the winter in Anglo-Saxon times.
The triacle or theriaca referred to is the celebrated
treacle of Andromicus, one of Nero's physicians.
ANGLO-SAXON LBKCHCRAKT 47
which remained famous as an alexipharmic through-
out the Middle Ages, and was included in the
London Pharinacoj>ceia until the end of the eighteenth
century.
Later, in the 6ook of Bald we find a leechdom in
which several drugs of foreign origin, viz. scammony,
ammoniacum, gum-dragon, galbanum, petroleum, and
the theriaca, spelt "tryacle," are again recommended,
as follows: —
" A leechdom ; scammony for constipation of the
inwards, and ammoniac drops for pain in the milt
and stitch, and spices (cinnamon is much
luiminishrcd) for diarrhoea, and gum-dragon d'^ugg^and
for foul disordered secretions on a man, *'"''^
properties,
ind aloes for infirmities, and galbanum mentioned
tor oppression in the chest, and balsam 'sook^ofVaid
dressing for all infirmities, and petroleum
to drink simple for inward tenderness, and to smear
outwardly, and a tryacle, that is a good drink, for
inwards tendernesses, and the white stone lapis
AhtbastriUs, for all strange griefs."
In more than one leechdom in the Book of Bald an
interesting light is thrown on the weights and measures
used in medicine at the time. Thus several decoctions
or wort drinks are recommended to be given to the
patient " by a spoon measure " ; a pint of oil is
described as weighing twelve pence less than a pint
of water, that is the Saxon silver penny of
24 gr., equal to our pennyweight. "And ^ed/c«f*"°°
a pint of ale weigheth six pennies more *«'«»>»» ■«>«•
, ^ meainres
than a pmt of water: and a pmt of wine
weigheth fifteen pennies more than a pint of water:
and a pint of honey weigheth thirty-four pennies more
than a pint of water : and a pint of butter weigheth
eighty pennies less than a pint of water; and a pint
of beer weigheth twenty-two pennies loss than a pint
of water: and a pint of meal weigheth 115 pennies less
than a pint of water; and a pint of beans weigheth
fifty-five pennies less than a pint of water : and fifteen
ounces of water go to the sextarius."
I
Hi
.^^1^
^ ;^^:
A DRAWING FROM THE AnGLO-SaXON MANUSCRIPT
"Herbarium"' of Apuleius Platonicus
ca. A.D. 1000-1050
Probably representing Apuleius receiving a bock containing
the secret virtues of herbs from Apollo
ANULU-SAXON LBECHCKAKT
CHAPTER V
The "Herbarium" of Apuleius Platonicus
The *• Herbarium " of Apuleius Platonicus is the
longest of the Anglo-Saxon medical manuscripts,
and of the various copies extant, that in the British
Museum is the finest. It is a remarkable volume
inscribed on vellum, containing a large number of
coloured drawings of plants and animals, and is said
to have been written between a.d. iooo and 1050.
Apuleius, the author, was not the Rhetorician of
Madoura, the author of " The Golden Ass," and it is
not definitely known that he was even a
leech, but it is clear from this treatise that ^e"lu't"hor
he knew something of the properties of °*u^\
plants and was a student of the works of
Dioscorides and Pliny. His work may be taken as an
early example of the Herbal or Book of Simples for
common use which became so popular after the
invention of printing.
It contains two full-page drawings in colour, the first
consisting of a figure supposed to be Apollo, habited
in a loose tunic or amice. In his right hand he holds
;i spear, and in the left a book. Below him
a lion, which may probably be intended to p,ge draw-
represent disease, has seized the staff of '"? '"
^ colour
the spear in his jaws. On his right stands
a figure, probably representing Apuleius, who is holding
a volume supposed to contain the secrets of the virtues
of herbs which he has received from the deity of
healing, and on his left is the figure of a soldier with
one hand resting on a shield.
The other coloured drawing represents i1£sculapius
delivering to Cheiron the Centaur and Plato the secrets
of medicine. All three are depicted grasping a large
volume in plain binding, with a broad tie round the
middle. In the foreground are writhing snakes, and at
the back various animals, such as the boar, the wolf,
the hare, the roebuck, the bear and the dog, are
represented. On the reverse of this folio is a design
t} V
SLOLA
A^H
^
Title Pag e
Of the Anglo-Saxon Manuscript
" Herbarium" of Apuleius Platonicus
ca. A.D, 1000-1050
ANbLO-SAXUN LKBCHCKAKT 51
in colour consisting of a broad ornamental fillet, in the
centre of which is inscribed the title of the book,
■ Herbarium."
The treatise itself is divided into one hundred and
thirty-two chapters, each of which is devoted to the
description of a herb, and in most cases a drawing of
the same in colour is inserted in the text. The name of
the plant and its synonyms, together with an indication
of the locality in which it is to be found, and also its
medicinal properties and uses, are recorded.
The drawings, as will be noticed from those re-
produced, are exceedingly crude and con-
ventional, and cannot be said to resemble dr°»w'ingi
to any extent the natural plant. Some are herbs*
treated in a fantastic manner, and the roots
are represented by grotesque heads and other figures.
The work begins with an epitome of the chapters
contained in the book, together with the uses of the
herbs mentioned therein. The descriptions of the herbs
that follow require no special comment, and are similar
to those found in other herbals of the period.
The herb betony, which was held in such high esteem
in antient times, is described in great detail, and was
credited with many virtues. It is recom-
mended for sores of the eyes, and of the The herb
ears, for dimness of eyes, for blear eyes, i** »°ftue°
for flow of blood from the nostrils, for
toothache, for sore loins, for internal injuries, indigestion,
as an antidote to poisons, as a cure for intoxication, and
many other purposes.
The many antidotes enumerated for snake-bite show
that these reptiles were a common source
, , • •- 1 , • . 1 ,^ Antidote*
of danger m hngland m Anglo-Saxon tunes, for make-
but the drawings are purely fanciful. **"'
Under the coloured drawing of a snake is inscribed
" Against adders-bite, take waybread, the wort, rub it
into wine, and let the patient eat it."
Under the drawing of a scorpion is a leechdom for
scorpion's-bite, consisting of the roots of waybread.
I un\a^ P.omtccir. .<
*-'?'i.-
The herb Artemisia
(M ugwort)
Diana is here depicted handing the herb to Cheiron
From a Manuscript of the X I Century
ANCLO-SAXUN LKBCHCKAKT 68
which are directed to be bound on the man, pre-
sumably over the wound.
Mugwort (Artemisia pontica) was another herb to
which many virtues were attributed by the Anglo-
Saxons, probably from the tradition that
it was first found by Diana and given to Traditions
. concerning;
Clieiron the Centaur, who discovered its mugwort
properties, and passed it on to man. It is
recommended to " put to flight devil-sickness, and for
sore feet, sore thighs, gout, fevers, soreness of the
stomach, and quaking of the sinews."
" .\gainst a journey over land ; l^st he become faint,
let him take mugwort in his hand, or put it in his shoe,
lest he become weary, and when he will gather it, before
sunrise, say these words first — ToUam te, artemisia, ne
lassus sim in via, — loudly, when thou pullest it up."
Another antient Greek legend is revealed in the
account of the herb yarrow {Achilles millefolium) : —
"Of this wort, which is named Millefolium, and in
our language yarrow, it is said that Achilles the chief-
tain, found it ; and he with this same wort,
healed them who with iron (the sword) The legend
of the
were stricken and wounded. Also for that yarrow
reason it is named of some men Achilles.
With this wort it is said that he also healed a man
whose name was Telephos."
Further, in a note on glovewort, or lily-of-the-valley
(Convallaria majalis): — "Of this wort," the
writer says, " which is named Apollinaris, ^f'fhe*'""'
and by another name, glovewort, it is my-of-the-
valley
said that Apollo should first find it and
give it to /Ksculapius, the leech, whence he set on
it the name."
Brownwort (Ceterach officitiarum), " which the
Romans called teucrium, and also the
Kngles call brownwort," is recommended Brownwort,
by Apuleius for enlargement of the spleen, tpieen
and, according to the writer, its properties
were discovered accidentally, in the following curious
manner : —
The herb Rue
From the Anglo-Saxon Manuscript
" Herbarium " of Apuieius Platonicus
ca. A.D. 1000-1050
ANGLO-SAXON LKBCHCRAFT SS
" It whilome happened that a man scripa his
intestines with the spleen upon this wort ; then soon
the spleen clave to this wort, and it quickly consumed
the spleen ; for which reason it is also designated as
splenium by some men, which in our language is called
the milt. Hence it is said of the swine which eateth
its roots that they are to be found to be without
spleen."
Under a drawing representing insects something like
homed locusts, is the following text : —
'• For bite of the worms or creeping An antidote
things which are named tarantulas, take creeping "
juice of the root of this same wort (earth '•"'"k*
ivy) and give to drink."
" For violent gonorrhoea the wort purslane is
recommended, a decoction of the herb . ,.„.h„ t^,
' A remedy for
being given to the patient to drink." gonorrha*
The mandrake, around which clusters so many
curious traditions, and which was regarded with such
veneration by the antients, is quaintly described by
Apuleius, as follows : —
" This wort, which is named mandragora, is mickle
and illustrious of aspect, and it is beneficial. Thou
shalt in this manner take it, when thou
comest to it then thou understandest it dr»'ke*«"d
by this, that it shineth at night altogether """Tj,** „
like a lamp. When first thou seest its «ccordinK to
head, then inscribe thou it instantly with **" ""'
iron, lest it fly from thee ; its virtue is so mickle and
so famous, that it will immediately flee from an unclean
man, when he cometh to it ; hence, as we before said,
do thou inscribe it with iron, and so shalt thou delve
about it, as that thou touch it not with the iron, but
thou shalt earnestly with an ivory staff delve the earth.
And when thou seest its hands and its feet, then tie
thou it up. Then take the other end and tie it to a
dog's neck, so that the hound be hungry ; next cast
meat before him, so that he may not reach it, except
he jerk up the wort with him. Of this wort it is said,
rryj»\iirpinnnn niaiic'^in
iTjUii^i v.i 'niti:^'>^
niti:|'
The herb Mandragora
(Mandrake)
From the Anglo-Saxon Manuscript
"Herbarium" of Apuleius Platonicus
ca. A.D. 1000-1050
A \<,l.>>*&AXOK LKKCHCMAFT SI
that it hath so inickle might, that what thing soever
tuggeth it up, that it shall soon in the same manner
be deceived. Therefore, as soon as thou see that it be
jerked up, and have possession of it, take it immediately
in hand, and twist it, and wring the ooze out of its
leaves into a glass ampulla, or pitcher, and when need
come upon thee, that thou shouldest therewith help
any man, then help thou him in this manner."
The narcotic properties of this drug were recognised
and its use is described as follows : —
" For headache, and in case that a man may not
sleep, take the ooze (juice), smear the forehead ; and
the wort also in the same manner relieveth
the headaches; and also thou wonderest The »irtue»
how quickly the sleep cometh." gor«'"
It is recommended also to be administered
for devil-sickness, or insanity, doubtless for the soothing
of mania: —
'' For witlessness, that is, for devil- sickness, or de-
moniacal possession, take from the body of this same
wort mandrake, by weight of three pennies, administer
to drink in warm water, as he may find most convenient ;
soon be will be healed.
" Again for spasmodic action of the sinews, take from
the body of this wort, by weight of one ounce, pound
to very small dust, mingle with oil, then smear them
that have this aforesaid infirmity.
" If any see some heavy mischief in his home, let him
take this wort mandragora, into the middle of the
house, as much of it as he then may have by him, he
compelleth all evils out oj the house."
.Appended to the " Herbarium " is a short treatise on
medicinal plants transcribed from Dioscorides' work
on materia medica, which is simply an Anglo-Saxon
translation from the Greek text, and calls for no special
remark.
c
jrTKciiV'iu>j'iat
I' . f jlobm
i »U.T.«.<.il>|>i
Bif .ufrtm ticiu"
jwfbllo tifuf fi(v
yi:jftfinnucr
^1. umnif
MMCJI- 0
«•? tinc<;.!.
The herb Mandragora
(Man drake)
From a Manuscript of the XII Century
AMOI.U-&AXON LKECHCKAFT
CHAPTER VI
The "Medicina db Quadrupedibus" of Sextus
Placitus
The next Anglo-Saxon manuscript of medical interest
is the treatise entitled " Medicina de Quadrupedibus,"
a translation of the Latin work on animal materia
medica, of which several copies are to be found scattered
among the great libraries of Europe.
In the Latin manuscripts this treatise is attributed to
Sextus Placitus, or Platonicus, who is said to have lived
about the fourth century-, although some authorities
place him at a later period. His name, however, is not
given in the Anglo-Saxon copy.
The book is divided into fifty-three chapters, each
dealing with a different animal, and is illustrated with
several fantastic drawings in colour. The text chiefly
deals with the medicinal properties
attributed to the various parts, organs, sub»"nre'
and excrements of the animals mentioned. '«"•""?«.»><>«<»
I n medicine
This work enjoyed a high degree of popu- by sextus
larity in antient times, and continued to be
copied by the scribes down to the end of the fifteenth
century, when, at the beginning of the era of printing,
it was set up in type, and first printed by Johann
Philippus de Lignamine, in the year 1480.
The manuscript begins with the following curious
paragraph : —
" They say that a king of the Egyptians, Idpartus
he was highten, boded or sent a message of health to the
Caesar Octavianus, his friend, thus questhing or saying :
' By many examples I am aware of thy
virtues and prudence, and yet I ween that The auppoied
thou never camest to know leechdoms of the book
thus mickle main, or such as I learn are
those which we obtained from /Hsculapius. I then
make it known for thine instruction, and for that I wist
thee worthy of this, to wit, that is, of leechcrafts of wild
deer or wild beasts ; ' as far as it is well said."
60
ANGLO-SAXON LEECHCRAFT
The animals described in the treatise include the
hart, various parts and organs of which
mentioned Were believed to possess medicinal virtues.
tresatse There are also mentioned the fox, the
hare, the goat, the ram, the boar, the
wolf, the lion, the bull, the elephant and the dog.
I
rtfmn td at) nnxnit^ -xcrwa
innxpi u'lt:
The Ha rt
From the Anglo-Saxon Manuscript
' Medicina ce Quadrupedibus " of Sextus Flacitus
XI Century
Of the medicinal properties attributed to the various
parts of the animals described in the work of Sextus
Placitus, very few have any rational foundation, and
their supposed virtues are in most cases founded chiefly
ANGLO-SAXON LKRCHCRAfT 61
on legendary superstition. Thus the hart is recom-
mended in case of a sore head, for which the patient is
directed to "drink by weij^ht of five pennies of ashes
of hart's horn." Foxgrease is recommended for " sore
of ears," a hare's brain in wine for over-sleeping, and
for dimness of sight "a hare's gall, mingled with honey,
which brighteneth the eyes." The gall of a wild duck
is also recommended to improve dimness
of sight, and the wood-goat's gall, mingled fi,J{["uoii
with a little wine, for the same purpose. '<" uicerou*
^ * wounds
A ram's lung, " carven up small, and
laid to the sore," is said to be good for ulcerous
wounds on the face.
For devil-sickness, and for ill-sight, the woifs nesb
patient is mstructed to eat a wolfs nesh, ttckne**
well dressed, and sodden, and, the leech-
dom adds, " the apparitions which ere appeared to
him, shall not disquiet him."
To remove ugly marks from the face it Hound'*
,,,,,, blood as
IS directed to smear with wolf s blood, a remedy
'• for it taketh away all the marks." " For
griping also," says the leechdom, " let the sick drink
hound's blood, it healeth wonderfully."
" For a man who has the falling-sickness a remedy
(epilepsy) work to a drink a boar's coillons epilepsy
in w ine or in water ; the drink will heal him."
" For sore of ears ; take fox's loin fat, melt it, drop
it into the ears ; good health will come to him."
F"or the bite of a mad dog, the following remarkable
remedy is suggested : —
" Take the worms which be under Treatment
a mad hound's tongue, snip them away, of a mad doc
leave them round about a fig-tree ; give
them to him that hath been rent, he will soon be hole."
A curious relic of the antient mythology of the
Gothic races is apparent in a leechdom connected with
the hound, which reads as follows: —
li
nrtnrrtmvpun f^rb yirf mib,
nan W|Wirn Irvprtx* <ni^
nrcucinroywtmii xrocnr
rami,
pn^'prI^l^■prnf^^]•Honrmll^ ,
Fnippr|-pnJlnn|nirngrTmfVjtpl«
Uumr T>oc>n|«n niijiin liinr*"'
litrtTVTi^ntTlie-
uiTiW-rf njTV|ii;5rTmr nT^rtijtuq-
\\ nil hiin I>t|' p4 I pnillnn pmnn oniniUr (^11^
liinril pnpt-jVTn-t-lnblTcni iiiirc|i|'rA:l lin*niil-cnn Kr^ 1 , /,
grlynpr |()iqimis~LjmS|irt Buljrcml\']-r|'.T>o(>Tlrrc«louoptp
'«pna^l|iJivnTOpnlvpin]-npu ' kxyvpmti^- |
•The Lion and the Ox
From the Anglo-Saxon Manuscript
" Medicina de Quadrupedibus " of Sextus Placitus
XI Century
ANGLO-SAXON LKECHCRAFT 63
" To do away a dwarf, give to the troubled man to
eat thost of a white hound pounded to dust and mingled
with meal and baked to a cake, ere the hour of the
dwarf's arrival, whether by day or by night, it be; his
<iSJ3S:
r
r
rinbuciiun hvypiiT>ii buvcc
The Coat
From the Anglo-Saxon Manuscript
" Medicina de Quadrupedibus " of Sextus Placitus
XI Century
access is terribly strong, and after that it diminisheth
and departeth away."
According to the Gothic mythology, oothi""*''
the "dwarfs" here mentioned were the tradition
disease demons that entered into man epUeViy"*^
and caused convulsions, and in this
way the name became associated with epilepsy and
other convulsive diseases.
•^ uf>nn J>in^ i-J^r mnnnrr
jn- "iiPp-n[ijni-j;mIlwnf\v'ii '
ftl iT<rrJirnp^nvjfpyi-njipij
v'li nJlrfnipip |PhmpwrlriT-
1- I oni^lniT-nim pujc-^jimrrj- bm|>
P
<^j,rnpvlrr|>cmmnr\>i- i
irrnn imprj,n7mmn>nc-c[n\m
•vipnibnn tiuoluiiit^nminrirt''
|a)j,ii*»- piinTw>plu-rInt-|'n
u\<rlrupipt">p,n«-fropprr g prp,Vp.,„„^,„^vpan^plu>.
M
ij- t'fivrrpnipptj^i.piinipii,
ln,conlwm-Jjnyirry[ij.nnliiin
Fi J l-imr^ni-tjiii'tu- oJJr jTl^irj-birpn
ynippr|-ipp 1 j-ii-nt> (nrp t'n .
(j yv\'" pVilrX'iil'rtiphnn-un/ii^^
j-Jiniii 111 J"nipprj'rf^'icl riuin^V^
-^lijtrr-jc'nT'^pioi-j-iimlrojirrrt
pTcijir >niT>{vnriin:'pJnaui
vir'^b"""""" C5lv<nnc tlTtipigi
f rnppr|-rm>llun pvpcwiHi|-U
ooJr rlrO|vg7M»onpin-|Vpinrr
J:un^iptr-J«»j,hpnlirt-livfir -^
nHPplamnpiivpr^lirp^i|«>in jSl
mn^llpivpmtvp- •" -^ji
'^
1> VullcTIIjl jjkfl'.'l
I ]'i-npivii|-ii"-' ' »•
The Ape, the Elephant and the Dog
From the Anglo-Saxon Manuscript
" Medicina de Quadrupsdibus " of Sextus Placitus
X i Century
A .NOLu-oAXUk l-liKCHCMAKT 6S
The gall of the bull is recommended for obscurity
of the sight, and, finally, powdered ivory, ^^ ^^ i^
the product of the elephant, is directed s«xon f«ce
to be applied to the face by the woman
who desires to clear her complexion from spots or
blemishes.
"Of Schools of Medicine"
There is one other treatise on Anglo-Saxon medicine
of which mention should be made, viz., " Of Schools of
Medicine," which consists of a number of recipes for
various ailments, with an introduction on
medical doctrines. This work has now I'"" Angio-
aaxon in*Du-
been shown to be a translation in part of script, "Of
a Latin treatise by Petrocelus or Petronius, Medicine**"
a writer of the School of Salerno, who
lived in the eleventh century. But there is a con-
siderable difference between the original treatise and
the Anglo-Saxon leech book, and what few herbs are
prescribed in the latter are mainly those that grow in
Southern Europe. The book begins with the following
interesting epitome of the history of medicine : —
•' Here beginneth the book Ilf^^i ^utilnoi; that is, the
setting forth for how many years leechcraft was hidden,
;ind the learned leeches sagaciously investigated about
the ascertaining of it. The earliest was Apollo, and
his sons .'Ksculapius and Asclepios'-^' ; and
Asclepios was uncle of Hippocrates; these ^^ a^kIo-
four earliest invented the building up of »*r»ioii of
leechcrafts about fifteen hundred years hutory
after Noah's flood in the days of Artaxerxes,
who was king of the Persians; they revealed the light
of the leechcrafts. We know that Apollo first invented
methodicam, that is, the irons (cauteries) when one
healeth men with knives, and .-Esculapius empiricam,
that is, the Icechening (or medical use) of leechcrafts,
and Asclepios loicam (logicam), that is, the observance
*The writer here maket a curious error in inferring that Asclepios
and v€sculapius were two ■eparaie penonages.
66 ANGLO-SAXON LEECHCRAKT
of the law and the life, and Hippocrates theoricam,
that is, the foreseeing of the sicknesses.
" Then Plato and Aristoteles, the very learned
philosophers, followed after these the aforesaid
leeches, and they said that there are four humours
in the human body ; inasmuch as there are also
in the rainbow (?) ; that is, the liquid (or phlegm) in
the head, and the blood in the breast ; and the rough
(or red) bile in the inwards, and the black bile within
the (gall) bladder. And each of them ruleth for
three months."
The remainder of the treatise consists of a collection
of recipes for various diseases, beginning with those
connected with the head, followed by the diseases
affecting other members of the body down to the feet.
One recipe is especially interesting, as it describes a
method of making a compound ointment of acetate
of lead.
" Thus shall one work the salve for ' humours,' and
thus shall they be healed. Take twenty shillings weight
of litharge, and twenty shillings weight of new lime,
and half a sextarius of vinegar, and four
com'p^'o"'"'" shillings weight of oil of myrtle, and mingle
the Anglo- them together, and rub them thoroughly
up together with the vinegar, and then
take some other oil, and mingle therewith and smear
the sore therewith."
In this treatise there is a notable absence of the
magic and incantations that are so frequent in the
earlier Anglo-Saxon leechdoms, which shows the
influence exerted by the more advanced medical
teaching of Southern Europe on the Anglo-Saxon
medicine of a later period.
ANuLu-bAXoN LBBCHCKAFT 07
CHAPTER VII
Anglo-Saxon Surgery
The references to surgery in the Anglo-Saxon
leechbooks are not numerous, but judging from the
scattered allusions that are to be found in the manu-
scripts, it would appear that surgery was not altogether
practised as a separate calling. Although Bede men-
tions that " other than the monk physicians were called
in to bleed and scarify," he gives no special name to
this class of practitioner, so that probably they were
prototypes of the barber-surgeon of a later period.
The usual treatment for a broken head or knock
from an axe in early times may be gathered
from the following leechdom: — Treatment
for a
*' For broken head take betony, bruise it broken bead
and lay it on the head above, then it unites
the wound and healeth. Again, for the same, take
garden cress, that which waxeth of itself, and is not
sown, put it in the nose, that the smell and the juice
may get to the head."
The use of splints was known to the Anglo-Saxon
leeches, and that they employed them in
cases of fractures is evidenced from the spiints
, ,, known and
follOWmg:— used by
Anglo-
" If a sinew shrink (that is, when a leg is sazons
broken), and again after that swell, take a
she goat's tord, mingle with vinegar, smudge it on, soon
the sinew healeth. In the case of many a man, his feet
shrink up to his hams, work baths, add tares and cress
and small nettle and beewort (Acarus calamus), put hot
stones well heated in a trough, warm the hams with
the stone bath, when they are in a sweat,
then let him, the Patient, duly arrange the Treatment
- ,. . , ,. for fractur*
bones as well as he can, apply a sphnt,
and it is so much the better the oftener a man bathes
with the preparation. If a sinew have pulsation, mugwort
beaten and mingled with oil, and laid on 15 good. Juice
J)tOSP> RT.
pninui bOOTiiran nimnw
}i»Lni>a.Tini^«m™.ri>ii ji'nclir
qiunuin]TV^Jn|'>'^r' '
"?** |t.CTii)»T-]urprU'aiipTnr A
onpovr lUi'plii
rli l-n poiatVip ^Jlr
niim ^
nvini
liT-nrr
-i-l^li^tialit.
4
rpr
.,,1
llw.
The herb Betony
(B I SH OPWOR t)
From the Anglo-Saxon Manuscript
" Herbarium " of Apuleius Platonicus
ca. A.D. 1000-1050
ANlil.il-SAXUN I.EECHCKAKT 60
uf mugwort mingled with rose oil, smear with that,
soon will the quaking be stilled."
For bones that were fractured the following treatment
was also prescribed : —
" If the shanks be broken, take bonewort (banwort,
generally interpreted as violet or pansy), pound it, pour
the white of an egg out, mingle these together for the
man whose shanks are broken.
" For a broken limb, lay this salve on the broken limb,
and overlay with elm rind, apply a splint ; again always
renew these till the limb be healed. Clean
some elm-rind, and boil it thoroughly, then Leechdom
remove the rind, take ground linseed and broken umb
brew it up with the drink (decoction) of
elm. That shall be a good salve for a broken limb."
.Amputation was performed when gangrene set in, and
the treatment may be gathered from the following: —
" If a man have a limb cut off, be it finger, foot,
or hand, if the marrow be out, take sheep's marrow
boiled, lay it to the other marrow, bind it very well at
night."
As a dressing for wounds, honey appears to have been
L,'enerally employed, but is directed to be specially
prepared by first warming before the fire,
and then mixing it with a little salt ; thus : — Honey as a
wou nd
'" For cleansing of a wound take clean dre>sinK
honey, warm it at the fire, then put it in a
clean vessel, add salt to it, and stir it till it is the
thickness of pottage, smear the wound with it, then it
cleanseth it."
It is worthy of note that cleanliness is specially
enjoined in the above preparation, not only in con-
nection with the honey itself, but also with
the vessel in which it is to be placed. That AntiqoUy
... . , , . . of honey as
this preparation formed an antiseptic pro- a dresting
tection to the wound, there can be no
doubt. The antiquity of the use of honey as a dressing
for wounds goes back to a very early period, and a
Instructions for applying the actual cautery
For gout, cut and cauterise— for hernia— for swellings and pains
in the knees— an operation for haemorrhoids
From a Manuscript
ca. A.D. 1 150
.\m:LO>SAX<IN LKBCHCRArT 71
knowledge of its antiseptic properties was possessed
by the Assyrians many centuries before the Christian
era. It was recommended by Hippocrates, and
several of the early Greek physicians, in the treatment
of wounds.
From what may be gathered from the leechdoms,
the Anglo-Saxon leech does not appear to have em-
ployed mechanical methods for reducing
dislocations, but in such cases, apparently, fo"' """
applied an ointment, as described in the ^i,o'°,"e7''
following : —
" If the shoulder get up out of place, take the salve,
apply a little warm with a feather ; it will soon be well
with the man."
This salve consisted of yarrow, woodruff, fieldmore,
and solwherf (probably marigold), boiled in good butter,
and strained through a cloth. For a
fractured skull the leech is directed to Leechdom
, 1 •. ,1 fo' fractured
pound green betony and lay it on the sicuii
wound frequently, " till the fragments of
the bone come away, and the wound is mended."
For a prolapsed bowel, the following treatment is
directed: — r^
" If a man's bowel be out, p%u^ galluc, wring through
a cloth into milk warm from t)le cow, wet
thy hands therein, and put Ixick the bowel Treatment
into the man, sew up with silk, then boil prolapsus
him for nine mornings galluc, that is,
comfriy, except need be for a longer time, feed him
with fresh hens flesh."
That surgery had acquired some degree of im-
portance, however, may be gathered from the fact
that an operation for opening an abscess
of the liver is described in the Leech Hook operation
«f IJ^Kl fof abscess
Of "•^'"- of the liver
** For sensitiveness, and hardness of the
liver," says the writer, " various lotions and fomentations
are first to be employed, but in case of swelling and
ANGLO-SAXON LBBCHCRAPT 73
when the pus mounts up to that degree that it may
seem possible for one to cut into it, then let it out."
The operation itself is described as follows : —
" First make a salve of culvers' (pigeons) dung and
the like, and bathe the part with water and the worts
before sp>oken of.
"When thou understandest that the swelling is
growing soft, and mild, then touch thou it with the
cutting iron, and cut a little and cleverly, so that the
blood may come out, lest an evil pouch (or sinus)
descend in thither. Do not let too much blood at one
time, lest the sick man become too languid
or die ; but when thou dost prick or cut it, Method of
11 !• 1111 1 cle«n»ing
then have a Imen cloth ready that thou « wound
mayest soon bind up the cut therewith ;
and when thou wilt again let more, draw the cloth off,
let it out a little at a time till it gets dry. And when
the wound is clean, then enlarge it that the thirl (or
aperture) be not too narrow ; but do thou every day
syringe through it with a tube, and wash it out by
those means ; after that, lay thereon what may cleanse
the wound. If it turn very impure, cleanse it with
honey and draw it again together."
" When the insensible hardness of the liver is of too
long duration, then it forms a dropsy which cannot be
cured."
Payne, commenting on this observation, remarks:
" This evidently refers to cirrhosis of the liver with
ascites, and is remarkable because long after this, and
up to the seventeenth century, the prevalent belief
was that dropsy caused hardening of the internal
organs, instead of being caused by it."
No description of this operation is recorded by any
Greek or Latin author, so it would appear that it
recounts the actual experience of a contemporary
Anglo-Saxon leech.
Another interesting description of an operation is that
for hare-lip, which is given as follows : —
mm
- =•■• -T i-f I"--
Anglo-Saxon Leeches operating on the eyi
AND FOR Nasal Polypus
From a Manuscript
ca. A.D. 1 150
ANCLO'SAXON LBBCHCRAFT 75
" For hare-lip, pound mastic verj' small, add the
white of egg, and mingle as thou dost vermilion [this
seems to mean as vermilion is mixed with
white of egg for painting. In the old *"> operation
painting for decoration of books, white of hare-iip
egg was the medium chiefly employed], cut
with a knife, sew fast with silk, then smear without and
in with the salve, ere the silk rot. If it draw together,
arrange it with the hand ; anoint again soon."
The following curious leechdom is given in the Leech
Hook of Bald :—
" If a man's head pan or skull be seemingly gelenked "
[the latter word is rendered by Cockayne as "iron-
bound," and it probably means that his head became
fixed, and he was unable to turn it] . The
remedy directed is "to lay the man with ^pe"au°o"n*
face upwards, drive two stakes into the
ground at the armpits, then lay a plank across his feet,
then strike on it thrice with a sledge-beetle, the skull
will come right soon."
Payne interprets the word " gelenked " as meaning
a rigidity of the neck, or dislocation of the cervical
vertebrae. Whatever may be the exact interpretation
of it, there is little doubt that the heroic treatment
suggested must have been far from pleasant for the
sufferer.
That the actual cautery or blistering rod was
extensively used by the Anglo-Saxon leech is evidenced,
not only from the references in the leechdoms, but also
from contemporary' drawings, reproduced
in this work, which show the form of the actual
instrument, and the methods of its employ- '""'"^y
ment. It was apparently used in the preliminary
treatment of a variety of diseases, from gout to
headache. Its employment is referred to in the
leechdoms as follows: —
"If the edges of the wound are too high (granulations?)
run them round with a hot iron very lightly, so that the
skin may whiten."
Instructions for applying the actual cautery
For breathing and dyspnoea-for the Hver-for the spleen-for
pain in the kidneys
From a Manuscript
ca. A.D. 1150
ANGLO-SAXON LKECHCRAFT
7f
Venesection is also frequently mentioned in the
Anglo-Saxon leechdoms, but more importance appears
to have been placed upon the time at which „ .,
the patient should be bled than on the
operation itself. It is prescribed as the first treatment
in cases of paralysis.
Bleeding was practised with the lancet, the cupping,
glass or horn, and the scarifier.
Thus, for a paralysis, blood is directed to be drawn
• with a cupping-glass or horn from the sore deadened
places," and scarifjdng is alluded to as follows : —
" Scarify the neck after the setting of the sun, pour
in silence the blood into running water, after that spit
three times, then say, ' Have thou this
, , J , . , . , Scarification
■Miheal, and depart away with it ; go
ain on a clean way to the house, and go either way
silence."
In the Leech Book of Bald the following minute
directions are laid down as to the time at which the
patient should be bled, together with the methods of
treatment for staunching haemorrhage in connection
therewith : —
" On what season blood-letting is to be foregone, on
what to be practised. Blood-letting is to be foregone
fifteen nights ere Lammas (August i), and after it for
five and thirty nights, since then all venomous things
fly and much injure men. Leeches who
were wisest, have taught, that in that AoKio-saxoo
month no man should either drink a potion
drink, nor anywhere weaken his body, ex- ?«■<>?«<•
•' Beasont for
directions
a* to the
cept there were a necessity for it ; and that biood-uttins
in that case, be during the middle of the
day should remain within, since the lyft, or air, is then
most mingled and impure. The Romans for this reason,
and all south folk, wrought to themselves earth houses,
for the boiling heat and venomousness of the lyft (the
Italian sirocco). Also leeches say that blossomed worts
are then best to work, either for drinks, or for salves, or
Instructions for applying the actual cautery
For toothache — for tertian fever — for dropsy
From a Manuscript of the XII Century
ANGLO-SAXON LBBCHCRArT 19
for dust. Here is set forth how a man shall forego blood-
letting on each of the six fives in the month, and when
it is best. Leeches teach that no man on the five nights
old moon, and again on the ten nights old, and fifteen
nights old, and twenty, and five and twenty, and on the
thirty nights old moon, should let blood, but betwixt
each of the six fives: and there is no time for blood-
letting so good as in early Lent, when the evil humours
are gathered which be drunken in during winter, and
on the kalends of April best of all, when trees and worts
first up sprout, when the evil ratten waxeth, and the
evil blood, in the hulks, or hollow frame-works, of the
body. If a lancet wound grow corrupt in a man, then
take mallow leaves, boil them in water, and bathe
therewith, and pound the netherward part of the wort ;
lay on. If thou wilt stop blood running in an incision,
take kettle soot, rub it to dust, shed it on the wound.
Again, take rye and barley balm, bum it to dust; if
thou may not staunch a hXood-letting wound, take a new
horses tord, dry it in the sun, or by the fire, rub it to
dust thoroughly well, lay the dust very thick on a linen
cloth, tie up for a night the h\ooA-letting wound with
that. If thou may not staunch a gushing vein, take that
same blood which runneth out, dry it on a hot stone
and rub it to dust, lay the dust on the vein, and tie up
strong. If in blood-letting a man cut upon a sinew,
mingle together wax, and pitch, and sheeps' grease, lay
on a cloth, and on the cut."
Anglo-Saxon Leech instructing an Assistant in
the preparation of medicine
From a Manuscript
ca. A D. 1 150
ANGLO-SAXON LBBCHCRAPT
81
CHAPTER VIII
Anglo-Saxon Pharmacy and Herb-Lore
The Anglo-Saxons, as already stated, drew their
materia medica chiefly from the herbs that grew around
them, and their knowledge of herb-lore, or " wort-
cunning," must have been considerable. It had come
down to them from the accumulated traditions of
past ages, and from the earliest of their manuscripts
connected with the art of healing it is evident that they
cultivated herbs for medicinal purposes, and had a
practical knowledge of gardening.
In their gardens were to be found rue, hyssop, fennel,
mustard, elecampane, celandine, lupin, flax, rosemary,
coriander, savin, and many other worts,
whose properties they had studied and whose ^"f/s "^*'°"
virtues they had proved. These they used
freshly gathered and also in the dried state. From the
latter we have the origin of the word drug, which was
derived from the Anglo-Saxon word '^drigan " to dry.
It is also evident that besides their own extensive
herb-lore, they had a fair knowledge of Roman botany
and medicine, which came into this country
with the Roman missionaries, and formed {he'L"?n on
;i natural accompaniment to their religious s«xon names
instruction. There are indications in the
Anglo-Saxon herb vocabularies which support this
presumption, which is confirmed by a comparison of
the following plant names between which there is
evident similarity : —
English
A nglo-Saxon
Latin
beet
bete
beta
cummin
cymen
cuminum
fennel
finul
foeniculum
lettuce
lactuce
lactuca
radish
raedic
radix
rose
rose
rosa
rue
rude
ruta
1*^"yjj[f^-- "
'" jitH-jipi- buii:n pnhrBc
*1>7 '"> ■pv'jK r|Ui;rt' i'OTirlmni'n
:r^
L'-s-jtti
llr I p■U•^|lint..ui..'U■.bu^''n»"*•(Q;j^k
nnnn InTlar.T" tr>frr
The herb Solago major
Used against snake-bite
From the Anglo-Saxon Manuscript
" Herbarium " of Apuleius Platonicus
ca. A.D. 1000-1050
ANGLO-SAXON LBECHCRAPT
The few drugs of foreign origin that are mentioned in
the Anglo-Saxon leechdoms, viz. scammony,
aloes, galbanum, frankincense, mastich, DruB» of
pepper, ammoniac um, cinnamon, myrrh, origin
ginger, oxymel, vermilion, quicksilver,
pumice, sulphur and petroleum, are all taken from
Greek sources.
In connection with Anglo-Saxon herb-lore it is worthy
of note that many of the worts employed by them a
thousand years ago are still used in medical practice
at the present day. Thus, the modem medical
practitioner still prescribes henbane,
colchicum, lily-of-the-valley, camomile, "y^'AnK""'*
marsh-mallow, horehound, white poppy, saxons and
hop, celandine, triticum repens, savin, to-day
rue, pennyroyal, wormwood, marjoram,
coriander, dill, fennel, hellebore, foxglove, liquorice,
elder, violets, dog-rose, serpentary and stavesacre,
the properties of which for destroying pediculi were
recognised by the Anglo-Saxons.
On the other hand, some herbs that were regarded
by the Anglo-Saxons with great veneration and rever-
ence for their medicinal properties, are now almost
forgotten. The common betony, for
instance, was credited with extraordinary ^eVvain*"''
virtues, and was recommended in no less
than twenty-nine different diseases, but it has now
sunk entirely into oblivion. Vervain (Verbena offici-
nalis), around which clusters so many legends and
traditions, and which, down to the Middle Ages, was
regarded as a magical plant, was known to the Anglo-
Saxons as "Ash-throat," the dried root being used as
a charm, suspended from the neck for strumous
ulcerations.
"Against all poisons take dust of this same wort,"
states the leechdom, "it is said that sorcerers use it
for their crafts."
Strangely enough, this plant, which is still commonly
found in Norfolk, is used in the same way to-day.
VjyKO)-!". fl,,,.,,. ;, ;.
1*1". FT"' ■ \:.;
■ m>m ornnuncq- joVpi'i namar.
iinniir^ o'Wiftv vjrvmirharjSllr
Wt); |-uni cn^rrr j^-yf 1111 1'VTi !-r
i
The herb Meconia
(White Poppy)
From the Anglo-Saxon Manuscript
■'Herbarium" of Apuleius Platonicus
ca. A.D. 1000-1050
ANGLO-SAXON LBBCHCRAPT 85
Only a few years ago a child was brought to a hospital
in East Norfolk, suffering from strumous ulcerations,
with a charm formed from verbena root suspended
from the neck. It has now ceased to be used as a
medicinal agent, and its oil is employed chiefly in
the blending of perfumes.
The Anglo-Saxon name for the common house-leek
was " sinfull," and it is curious to find in the
" Herbarium " of Apuleius a leechdom
which is still commonly used in some of The"" **
parts of England at the present time for ^°^'^'g"^
troublesome bed-sores. Thus we read : —
" For all gatherings of the ill-humour from the body,
take this wort, which is named semper vivum, and by
another name, sinfull, and lard, and bread, and
coriander, pound all together in the manner in which
thou wouldst work a poultice, and lay it to the sore."
Contrary to the statement made by Payne, the
knowledge of pharmacy possessed by the Anglo-Saxon
leeches was by no means small, as may be judged
from the various methods of preparing medicines for
administration, described in the leechdoms.
For extracting the properties of herbs for internal
use, they employed chiefly wine, vinegar, or beer, and
as a basis for their ointments they used butter, lard
and goat's grease.
There is also evidence in the medical manuscripts
that the Anglo-Saxon leeches employed certain pharma-
ceutical implements in preparing their medicines.
They used a press to express the juice of
fresh worts, and also that most antient of *h/rmi^'"°"
all pharmaceutical implements, the mortar, f"','*^*'
for reducing solid substances to powder.
In one leechdom it is interesting to note that the
wooden mortar is termed a " treen," probably so called
because it was hollowed out of the trunk of a tree.
The simplest and most common method of adminis-
tering a wort was in the form of a simple decoction
86 ANGLO -SAXON LEECHCRAFT
made with water, beer, or wine, as instanced in the
following leechdoms : —
1. "Take roots of betony, seethe them in water to the
third part " (evaporating two thirds of the
Anglo-Saxon ^atcr).
pharmacy '
2. "Take of the same wort by three
drachms weight, boil in water, then give it to him to
drink."
3. " Take roots of ashthroat and pound them : boil
then in hot wine ; give to drink."
Decoctions . a Take mugwort and pound it to
employed ' ...
dust, and mix it with new beer, and
give it to drink,"
The pill was also a known medium for administration.
Thus : — -
Pills used
" Let the man on whom may be water-
addle or dropsy, swallow goats' grease squeezed to pills,
and let him drink therewith cold water."
The poultice was another common method of
medication, as instanced in the following leechdom : —
I. "If for thee thy throat be sore, or any
Poultices pg^j.^ q£ ^jjy swere (neck) take the same
known ^ ■' ^ '
wort (betony) and knock (pound) it very
small, lay it on the swere, then it will cleanse it both
within and without."
2. "If any stiffness come upon the body, take wood
dock and old swine lard and the crumb of an over-
baked loaf ; pound together in the manner in which
one makes a poultice, lay it to the sore.
Expressed jj- hcaleth wondcrfully."
juices of
pi*°ts jn many cases the expressed juice of the
employed , , t ,. ...
fresh herb was used for direct admmis-
tration, and dusting powders, made by finely levi-
gating various seeds, were used to cool the surface
Ointments o{ the skin.
"*^^ Ointments with a basis of lard or butter
were employed as external applications, thus : —
ANGLO-SAXON LKRCHCRAFT 87
" For heats of wounds take waybread, the wort,
pound it on lard without salt, lay it on the wound,
then will he (the patient) be soon hole."
Some worts were dried and then administered in the
form of a simple powder. Thus : —
" For sore of liver take on midsummers day the same
wort (ashthroat) and rub it to dust. Take then five
spoons full of the dust and three draughts of good
wine ; mix them together and give this to the sick man
to drink."
An embrocation or liniment for sore sinews and
swellings is directed to be prepared as
, ., r r Embroc«-
foUOWS: — tions
known
" Take artemisia, pound it well with oil,
well boiled, apply it hereto, it heals wonderfully."
The plaster was another form of external application
employed by the Anglo-Saxon leeches. In this manner
the wort called fiveleaf was applied : —
'• If thou wilt blind a cancer or prevent its
discharging, take then fiveleaf the wort,
seethe it in wine, and in an old barrow kiow"*
pigs' grease without salt, mix all together,
work to a plaister, then lay it on the wound, then
it soon will heal."
The Anglo-Saxons were aware of the narcotic proper-
ties of the henbane, which was known to them as
" hennebelle " or " belene." The deriva-
tion of the former name is somewhat «nVthe''
obscure. In some antient herbals hen- •""''•'ion
of its name
bane is called " Herba Symphonica," a
symphonica being a rod, with small bells upon it. It
is probable, therefore, that from this word the Anglo-
Saxon name " hennebelle " was derived.
For sore ears it is recommended to An'iqu'ty
of the use
•' take juice of this same wort and warm of henbane
it, drop it into the ear; it in a wonderful
manner puts to flight the sore of the ears, and also
likewise though there be worms in it, kills them."
J- Tyi'TlTi^
l..r
Lf
I a I'tfpj jjrm twy irpni . ilt^
' ^p■^^iln 'in-s^-ppmiip ttrr \vn
I' rp- f-nTwo l1J-^nT I'vrdnl ]t
>!• pr>-Ininj>rpj-I.Trj[7iri j>nTtran
^iTirr ui7!»nrnara -[lii'mrrT
C'iijr ^j\i .'|>|' }>n aim lni|it ifnr^*'^%iy?i f
-jrnmv<;n4v>|"r j rptr |\»ij,rj-
«HIv^n+uJp»»^l^T iliTj-col»trjii-
The herb Hennebelle
(Henbane)
From the Anglo-Saxon Manuscript
"Herbarium" of Apuleius Platonicus
ca. A.D. 1000-1050
ANGLO-SAXON LBBCHCRAPT 89
Henbane was employed by the Babylonians, 4000
years b.c, to relieve toothache. It is not, therefore,
surprising to find that the Anglo-Saxons recommended
it for the same purpose.
" For sore of the teeth take roots of the same wort ;
seethe in strong wine; let (the patient) sip it so warm
and hold it in his mouth ; soon it will heal the sore of
teeth."
The demulcent properties of horehound {Marrubium
vulgarc) were also known to the Anglo-Saxon leeches,
and it is thus prescribed : —
" P'or colds in the head; and in case a Horehound-
inan breaks heavily (makes great efforts to ties knowa
clear his throat of phlegm), take this wort,
which the Romans call marrubium, and also the
English call it horehound, seethe it in water, give it
to drink to them that break heavily ; it will heal them
wonderfully."
" For lungs disease ; take this same wort, seethe it
in honey, give it to swallow, he will be wonderfully
healed" ; a remedy which is often used in country places
in England to-day for bronchial troubles.
Another method of medication used by the Anglo-
Saxons was that of fumigation, and in this
way dwarf dwosle, or pennyroyal {Mentha f,S°io*Vii°°
pulegiutn), was employed: —
" For the tertia, or a fever, which cometh on a man on
the third day, take twigs of this same wort, and fold
them up in wool, incense (fumigate) the patient before
the time when the fever will be upon him."
A quaint but doubtful method of soothing a cross
child is given in the following leechdom : —
AnKlo-SasoD
•' If any child be vexed, then take smear- method of
wort and smoke it with this ; then wilt thou cro.« child
render it the gladder."
The Anglo-Saxons even had their remedy for sea-
sickness, and this distressing malady is referred to
as follows: —
90 ANGLO-SAXON LEECHCRAFT
" If any thole (endure) nausea on ship-board, let
him take the same wort (pulegium) and
feV^lf/kntss wormwood, let him pound them together
with oil and with vinegar; let him smear
himself therewith frequently."
The medicated bath was another method of treat-
ment employed by the Anglo-Saxons which survives to
the present day.
The medi- " Pqj- achc of loins and sores of the
cated bath
used thighs," we are told to " take this same
wort pulegium and pepper, of either alike
much by weight ; pound them together, and when
thou be in the bath smear therewith where it most
troubleth."
The cerate, a stiff ointment prepared with wax, a
form of pharmaceutical preparation often used in the
eighteenth century, was also known, as instanced in
the following leechdom : —
" Work a salve thus, and smear the sore places ;
seethe rue in oil, add parsley, if thou
Cerate have it, and roots of rushes, and poppy;
employed ' ' ^ rrj '
after all is sodden, then add wax to the
oil, in order that the whole may become a nesh (soft)
waxen cake."
Lastly, it may surprise some to learn that even the
nasal bougie was known to the Anglo-Saxon leech, the
method of preparation being as follows : —
" For the extreme flow of blood from the nostrils,
take this same wort (betony) and knock (pound) it,
and mix thereto some portion of salt, and
Nasal '^
bougies take then as much as thou mayest up m
°°*° two fingers, work it into roundness, and
put it into the nostrils."
From the extracts given it will be noticed that the
knowledge of pharmacy possessed by the Anglo-Saxon
leeches was of no mean order, and that many forms
of medication employed by them are still in use at
the present day.
ANGLO-SAXON LBBCHCRArT 81
CHAPTER IX
Anglo-Saxon Methods of Healing by Charm
AND Incantation
Although a considerable number of charms and
incantations are intermixed with the Anglo-Saxon
leechdoms, the proportion is really small as compared
with those found in the early Greek works on medicine.
In considering these practices in connection with
the art of healing, we must bear in mind the idea
prevalent at the time as to the causation of disease. In
England, in the Anglo-Saxon period, as in many other
countries, disease was supposed to be
caused by the entrance into the body of Angio-Sajton
■' •' belief as
demons or evil spirits, and the treatment to the
resorted to was naturally one that would " d"e«°s°
be most likely to rid the body of these
obnoxious intruders. To this end, invocations to the
unseen power were employed either alone or in
conjunction with some material treatment in the fonn
of medicine. Witches, and other beings believed to
possess the power of the evil eye, were also credited
with exerting a malevolent influence on the human
body, and with the ability to cause sickness and
disease.
We have a reference to this in the following
leechdom : —
" When any man will begin a journey, let him take
in his hand the herb artemisia, and have
it with him, then he will not be much "*e°i«T
fatigued in his journey, and it also drives <««»'•-
., . , , . , , »ickne»»
away evil sicknesses, and in the house
where it is kept it hinders evil cures, and also it averts
the eye of evil men."
Fevers, more particularly, were attributed to these
causes, and in this class of disease treatment by incan-
tation and charm was frequently recommended. For
instance, in the Leech Book of Bald, the following
remedy is prescribed for ague: —
Instructions for applying the actual cautery
For sciatica— for quotidian fever
From a Manuscript of the XII Century
ANGLO-SAXON LBKCHCRAFT 98
" A drink against spring diseases (i.e. Ague), Feverfue,
the herb ram's gall (Menyanthes) fennel, waybroad.
Let a man sing many masses over the
worts, wet them with ale, put holy water JorVguV^
on them, boil very thoroughly, let the sick
man drink a large cupful as hot as he may, before the
disorder be up>on him ; name the four Gospellers and
a charm and a prayer. ' Matheus + -\- Marcus -|- -f-
Lucas -|- + lohannes -|- +, intercedite pro me. Tiecon,
Lelelotb patron, adiurovos.' "
" Again, a goodly prayer. ' In nomine domini sit
benedictum Beronice Beronicen, et habet in vestimento
et in hemore sue scriptum rex regum et dominus
dominantium ! ' "
" Again a goodly prayer. ' In nomine sit benedictum ;
DEERETH HAND THIN, DEERETH HAND
THIN, Thine hand vexeth, thine hand vexeth.'"
The name " Leleloth " is the name of an Arabian
deity, and in the second prayer the name " Beronice "
refers to St. Veronica and the legend of the Sacred
Handkerchief, which received the impression of Christ's
head.
Another curious example of a leechdom for fever is
as follows: —
" Against fever disease : — A man shall write this upon
the sacramental paten, and wash it off into the drink
with holy water,
+ + -f^ + + + + + CD + + + + + + + + +
and sing over it, 'In principio erat verbum,' etc., ' In
the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with
God, and the Word was God.' (John i, i).
Then wash the writing off the dish into ch«rm
the drink, then sing the Credo, and "e'V"
the Pater Noster and this lay : Beati
immaculati, the Psalm ; (Ps. cxix) with the twelve
prayer Psalms, ' I adjure you,* etc. And let each of
the two men (the leech and the sick) then sip thrice
of the water so prepared."
ANGLO-SAXON LBBCHCRArT flS
There is a curious charm, which is evidently of
Irish origin, mentioned in the Leech Book of Bald to
staunch blood: —
*' To staunch blood ; some write this, ceitic charm
aegr>-n, thon, struth, fola, aergrenn tart, h«moJ*rh«Ke
struth on, tria," etc. (about thirty intelligible
words are given). These words, or something like them,
occur in several charms.
" For flying venom and every venomous swelling,
(probably for epidemic diseases and for the bubonic
plague) on a Friday chum butter which
has been milked from a neat or hind all a^'intt
of one colour; and let it not be mingled ep'^era'c
° diseases
with water. Sing over it nine times a
litany, and nine times the Pater Noster, and nine times
this incantation : —
"Acrae, aercrae, aemem, nadre, aercuna, hel,
aemem, aeradspice," etc.
That the author of Bald's Leech book was not
without a sense of humour may be gathered from the
following leechdoms : —
" Some teach against bite of adder to speak one word,
that is, " Faul " ; it may not hurt him."
"Against bite of snake, if the man charms
procures and eats rind which cometh out tnake-bUe
of Paradise, no venom will damage him.
Then said he that wrote this book that the rind was
hard to be gotten."
Some curious charms given in the Anglo-Saxon
leechdoms, and said to be mostly of Christian origin,
are those which are directed to be repeated or given in
the narrative form. These recur with many variants,
but the following may be taken as examples : —
"Contra dolorem dentium — Christus super mar-
moreum sedebat ; Petrus tristis ante eum
stabat, manum ad maxillam tenebar; et charm
interrogabat eum Dominus dicens, quare r<I^*h°acho
tristis es Petre ? Kespondit Petrus et
dixit, Domine, denies mei dolent, et Dominus
96 ANGLO-SAXON LEECHCRAFT
dixit ; Adiuro te migranea vel gutta maligna per
patrem et filium et spiritum sanctum et per caelum et
terram et per XX ordines angelorum et per LX
prophetas et per XII apostolos et per IV evangelistas,
&c ut non possit diabolus nocere ei nee in
dentes nee in aures, nee in palato famulo dei," etc.
Another charm of this character is specially in-
teresting, as it is used against smallpox, with which,
as has already been stated, the Anglo-
c.harm Saxons wcre familiar : —
against
smaupox '< For poccas. Sanctus Nicasius habuit
minutam et rogavit Dominum ut quicunque
nomen suum portaret scriptum .... Sancte Nicasi
presul et martir egregie ora pro me N. peccatore et
ab hoc morbo tua intercessione me defende. Amen."
" St. Nicasius had the small variola, and asked of
God that whoever should carry his name written ....
Oh ! St. Nicasius, bishop and martyr, pray for me
N. a sinner, and by thy intercession defend me from
this disease."
Another charm of this character makes mention
of the name of Longinus, the traditional name of
the soldier who pierced the side of Christ on the
Cross : —
" For a stitch. Write a cross of Christ, and sing
thrice over the place these words and a Pater Noster : —
" Longinus miles lancea ponxit Dominum et restitit
sanguis et recessit dolor."
" Longinus, the soldier, pierced our Lord with a
lance, and the blood stopped and the pain
Charm for ceased."
healing
wounds This charm was much in favour down
to the Middle Ages, for healing wounds
and staunching blood, and is to be found repeated
by Gilbertus Anglicus, in his Compendium of Medicine.
That the Anglo-Saxons employed amulets in the
form of the hearts of animals, plants, precious stones.
ANCLO-SAXOK LBBCMCXArT OT
and other objects to ward off" disease, is evident from
several of the leechdoms in the Book of Bald. Thus :
" For onfall, catch a fox, strike off the
tusk from him while he is alive, bind (the amulets*"""
tooth) in a fawn's skin ; have it upon thee."
For a headache it is recommended to "take the
lower part of the crosswort, put it on a red fillet, let
him bind the head therewith."
" For the same : Delve up waybread without iron,
ere the rising of the sun, bind the roots about the head
with crossworts by a red fillet. He will soon be well.
" For the same : Seek in the maw of young swallows
for some little stones, and mind that they touch neither
earth, nor water, nor other stones; look out three of
them ; sew up three of them in what thou wilt, and put
them on the man that hath need ; he will soon be well.
They are good for headache and eye-troubles, and
for temptations of the fiend, and for night visitors
(goblins), and for spring disease (ague), and for night-
mare, and for fascination, and for evil incantations.
They must be big nestlings in which thou shalt find
them.
" For swollen eyes : Take a live crab, put his eyes
out, and put him alive again into water, and put the
eyes upon the neck of the man who hath need. He
will soon be well."
I'or a fever the patient is recommended to " take the
tipe foot-shank of a dead black hound, hang it on
the arm. It shaketh off the fever."
It was a common belief in connection with magical
medicine at this period that a disease might be trans-
ferred from the sufferer to some animal or
object, which was then to be driven away Healing of
or buried. The running brook was some- trantference
times used for this purp>ose, as in the East
to-day. The object to which the disease was trans-
ferred was floated on a running stream, and so got rid
98 ANGLO-SAXON LEECHCRAFT
of. An instance of this is cited in the following
leechdom : —
" For Blaece (some kind of skin disease). Take
goose-grease, and the nether end of helenium, and
viper's bugloss, bishopswort, and hayrife ; pound the
four worts well together, wring them, add thereto a
spoonful of old soap if you have it, mingle thoroughly
a little oil, and at night lather it on. Scarify the neck
after the setting of the sun, pour silently the blood
into running water.
" For onfall. Take, to begin, a hazel or an elder
stick ; write thy name thereon, cut three scores, and
fill the name with thy blood ; throw it over thy shoulder
or between thy thighs into running water, and stand
over the man. Cut the scores and do all this in
silence.
" For flying venom {i.e. air-borne infection). Make
four strokes with a oaken brand towards the four
quarters of heaven. Make the brand bloody, throw
it away and sing this three times : —
Charm ■ 4. Matheus me ducat + Marcus me
ac^ainst - ...
infectious con.servat. + Lucas me liberet -I-
diseases lohannes me adiuvet semper. Amen.
Contrive (contere) Deus onmem
malum et nequitiam per virtutcm
patris et filii et spirifus sancti
sanctifica me Emanuhel ihs xps
libera me ab omnibus invidiis inimici
benedicto domini super caput meum.
potens Seus in omni tempore. Amen.'
" Matthew, lead me I Mark, preserve me I Luke,
deliver me! John, assist me ever! Lord, crush all
evil and wickedness by the power of the Father, the
Son, and the Holy Ghost, etc."
In one of the Anglo-Saxon medical manuscripts
there are the following curious Unes relating to the
properties of mugwort, which was held in such high
esteem by the leeches.
ANGLO-SAXON LBBCHCRAPT 00
" Thou art good against venom.
And against vile things that fly.
Mighty against the loathed ones
That rove through the land."
These lines are very remarkable, as they clearly
show that the Anglo-Saxon leeches attributed certain
infectious diseases to something that was
carried by the air, and seem to foreshadow ij°f °/
the germ theorv of disease. With reference f'-borne
° - infection
to this subject, the following account of the
herb wergulu, which was probably the nettle, is also
worthy of note: —
" This is the wort which wergulu hight;
This did the seal send
Over the sea"s ridge
Of other ix>ison
The malice to mend.
These nine plants
'Gainst nine p>oisons.
A worm came sneaking,
It bit a man.
Then took up Woden
Nine wondrous twigs.
He smote the nadder
Till it flew in nine bits,
There did apple and poison
Bring about that it (sc. the nadder)
Nevermore entered house."
The allusion to the legend of Woden, with his nine
wondrous twigs, is evidently of Scandinavian origin.
In the foregoing pages it has been our endeavour to
sketch a picture of the Anglo-Saxon leech and his
craft, from which may be traced the origin
of the medical art in England. The conclusion
herb-lore that he so carefully gathered
became the foundation of English medicine, and
forincd the basis of the herbals or books on medicine
which had so great a popularity throughout the Middle
Ages down to the end of the seventeenth century.
100 ANGLO-SAXON LEECHCRAFT
From a careful survey of the remnants of the medical
literature that have come down to us from the time of
King Alfred, one must conclude that the Anglo-Saxon
leeches also had some training beyond simple experience,
and that they believed in the efficacy of their native
herbs, whose properties they so assiduously studied.
Further, it may be said : to these early practitioners of
medicine, who first made and recorded their observa-
tions on the effect of the remedies they employed on
the human body, we owe much of our knowledge of
the vegetable drugs used in medical practice at the
present day.
THE 'wbllcomk' materia medica farm
101
CoLDBN Seal (Hydrastis canadensis)
An experimental crop of HydraMis iHyiirastis canaiitnsis) grown under natural
conditions, in a ifrove *hadc<t by nedtf<'> antf trees.
Digitalis in Flower
/'U'l^j/»i /«r/Kr,-(t l^ ..M.iiln-.l Iruin II'.'- ■-■■>■[ ..I . .ir.-hhlv ■..■;<■. ti-.l \
Yart.iiits friiin the lyi^ I •
the leaves, wiliiout »
BUKhtc<l. ta.lrd or dolt ;
The cIteuuMrt' of lite a,.;.,,, i ,..|... . •■. .j.k ^
te«ts are emptoytd in aUiHtiuUiwilK B, W. & Lu. p<«ipiu<ttiuiu ul tliu I
Rffrtttnatl /fom fkattgrmrks imktH en the ' H'ttlcomt' Maltria
and ^v*l*fttl vUh 'TaH»iJ' Phoiocrafkic Ckemiiali.
rit..any
■1
■ farm.
-^Jt
%m
V. H. .
Hemlock (Conium maculatum)
A typical bush of Hemlock fConimn tnaciUatumj. Tlie fresh leaves and
branches are collected when the fruit begins to form.
Reprodtaed from a photograph taken on the ' If'WIcome ' Materia Medica Fa
and developed -with ^Tabloid Photographic Chanicals,
The 'Wellcome' materia medica farm
A Modern Physic Garden
Of "physic gardens," that founded at Chelsea, in
1673, was the official prototype. The picture of
careful dames and frugal housewives, tending and
culling herbs and simples, in " high-
walled gardens green and old " is gardens'*^
brought to mind in reading of these
old physic gardens which are associated with much
quaint lore of "balmes and cordialls," sirops,
essences and "sovrane remedies," of which we get
infrequent glimpses. The Chelsea Physic (larden
was established that " apprentices and others " might
" better distinguish good and useful plants from
those that bear resemblance to them, and yet are
hurtful, and other the like good purposes." Evelyn,
in 1685, thus records a visit to the Chelsea
Physic Gardens, where he saw the Cinchona
tree : " 7 August. I went to see Mr. Wats,
Keejjer of the Apothecaries' Garden
of Simples at Chelsea, where there is
a collection of innumerable varieties of that sort,
particularly, besides many annuals, the tree bearing
Jesuits bark, which had don such wonders in quartan
agues." To the support of its founders, the Society
of Apothecaries, Chelsea Gardens owe their con-
tinuance although they are now under different
control.
Evelyn
104 THE 'wELLCOME' MATERIA MEDICA FARM
Earlier than the Apothecaries' Garden of Simples
at Chelsea, and differing from it chiefly in that it
was the creation of a public body, were the gardens
of private herbalists in the sixteenth
herb-'garden ^"^ seventeenth centuries ; and con-
gener with it was the garden of John
Gerarde in Holborn, within a stone's throw of where
Burroughs Wellcome & Co.'s Chief Offices, London
(Eng.), now stand.
The considerations that guided the older pharma-
cists— acute and learned men — were chiefly those
relating to the recognition of drugs ; of distinguishing,
in short, the medicinal and beneficial from those
which were toxic or noxious. The plants as grown
were accepted without question for the preparation
of galenicals, and, as the crude drugs are subject to
great variation in composition, so, of
Of old ^ . , . V • 1 •
methods necessity, their preparations varied in
and new potency and in therapeutic activity.
requirements • , • r n i • i • i i
1 he isolation of alkaloids in the early
part of last century made this apparent. In a word,
pharmacognosy was not enough. How to ensure
constancy in strength of active principles and
alkaloidal content was the problem that emerged.
A paper by Carr and Reynolds, published in the
Chemist atid Druggist (London, Eng.), illustrates
the necessity of solving that difficulty. In the case
of Cinchona they found a difference between the
highest and lowest grades, bought on the actual
market, of 3*58 per cent, of Quinine and Cinchoni-
dine ; in Belladonna herb, a difference of 0-85 per
cent, of total alkaloids ; of Hydrastine in Hydrastis
root of 2'3 per cent., and of Berberine in the same
root of 3*5 per cent., etc. These serious figures,
representing marked differences in activity of the
THB 'wBLLCOMr' MATBRIA MBDICA FARM 106
drugs, illustrate the necessity for adopting some
means of securing uniformity in strength.
Standardisation is now recognised as essential.
In this, as in other departments of pharmacy,
Burroughs Wellcome & Co. have been ^|, ^ ^
pioneers. They have also applied of the
the principle of scientific control to "*
the cultivation of the plants employed by attention
to the composition of the soil, selection of the best
varieties, collection at the ideal stage of growth,
and so forth, thus eliminating adventitious factors
of variability. This has been accomplished by
the establishment of a scientific farm near the
' Wellcome ' Chemical Works at Dartford. The
greater part of this ' W^ellcome ' Materia Medica
Farm is devoted to staple crops, but an experimental
section is maintained in constant activity. Bella-
donna, for instance, has been treated with different
manures, and shaded, during growth, by various
coloured fabrics. In the course of these researches
it was ascertained that the yield of alkaloid is affected
to a greater extent by climatic conditions than by
other alterations in environment, and the opinion
has been reached that the superiority of English
leaves is due to the climate. Experi-
ments with Broom tops, again, proved resnits"*'****
that the amount of sparteine contained
in them varies according to the time of year, being
low during the flowering and growing period, and in-
creasing during autumn and winter when reproductive
activity has ceased. The Digitalis required for the
production of ' Wellcome ' Brand Concentrated
Tincture of Digitalis and ' W^ellcome ' Brand Extract
of Digitalis is also grown at the ' Wellcome ' Materia
Medica Farm. The result is that variations in
106 THE 'wELLCOMe' MATERIA MEDICA FARM
character of the leaves have been reduced to those
necessarily due to the variations of season from
year to year. Add to which, errors
due to the inclusion of faulty or
untrue specimens are avoided, whereas, according
to recent literature on the subject, such errors
are frequently to be found in the collections made
both by amateur and professional herb gatherers.
Further advantages derived from this conjunction
of the actual growing of the plants with the
preparation of their galenicals are : —
(i) A drug may be expressed or worked up
immediately it has been collected.
(2) Herbs may be dried directly they are cut,
before fermentation and other deteriorating enzymic
changes have set in.
(3) Freedom from caprice on the part of collectors,
who, in gathering wild herbs, are very difficult to
control in the matter of adulteration, both accidental
and intentional.
(4) The ability to select and cultivate that particular
strain of a plant which has been found by chemical and
physiological tests to be the most active, and which
gives the most satisfactory preparations. Notable
instances of these are to be found in connection with
Digitalis and Belladonna.
An article in the Chemist and Druggist, London
(Eng.), of January 29, 19 10, gives us an idea of
this latest of "physick gardens," situated
"on an undulating slope, with here and there a clump of trees
and a strip of wild woodland, between the river and the North
Downs, hard by the little village of Darenth. No more ideal
spot for a herb farm could have been chosen. It has shade,
THE 'wkllcome' matkkia mruica fakm 107
sunshine and moisture, and a fine loamy soil, varied by
sandier uplands. Here the firm have for the last six years
l)een cullivatinu medicinal plants under the
immediate superintendence of pharmaceutical .w'eiicome'
and botanical experts. The farm was estab- Materia
,.,,-, . , , Medica Farm
lished, firstly, to provide opportunities and
materials for research and experiment, and, secondly, to
supply the manufacturing departments wiih medicinal herbs of
proper quality.
"A visit to the farm shows that the greater part is devoted
to the cultivation of staples ; but a numl)er of plots are used
for experimental crops. Among such are meadow saffron
( Colchiciim autunina/e), with its pale-purple flower. Lavender,
peppermint, and French roses grow side by side. Seneg-a and
the unpretentious taraxacum, with its bright yellow petals,
occupy other spaces. Ginseng, the root that plays so important
a part in Chinese medicine, is also grown. Podophyllum
peltatum, Scopolia atropoides. Datura meleloides, sea poppy
(Glaufuni luteum), and Grindelia rohusla, are other plants that
one does not usually find growing on a scale greater than the
experimental ; but the plots of Hydrastis canadensis are botani-
cally and commercially the most interesting on the farm, in
view of the fact that we are coming within measurable distance
of the end of the natural supply from North America.
" The purpose which Burroughs Wellcome & Co. had imme-
diately in view when they established this farm, i.e. supplying
the products of the field direct to their Works, has been
fulfilled. . . . On the research side, experiment goes on,
especially in regard to selection and cultivation of strains
which have been found by chemical and physiological tests to
be the most active."
EARLE CviNGTON
Mr. Ovington gained the "Three States Prize" of $10,000, passing
over New Hampshire, Massachusetts and Rhode Island, 160 miles in
3 hours 6 minutes. He was the first official carrier of the U.S.A. .Aerial
Mail, and in the above photograph Postmaster-General Hitchcock is
shown handing him the mail-bag on the aviation field at Long I.sland.
Inset is a photograph of his 'Tabloid ' First-.\id Equipment.
HISTORICAL MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS
The twentieth century sees mankind on the verge of
subdivision into airmen and earth-dwellers. The
" emotion " of flying — the sensa-
tion of " extra-terrestrial tran-
quillity " — has been nobly de-
scribed for us by Lieut. Conneau,
who tells us that only the ocean
and the mountains retain their
immensity in the vast solitudes
of the air. Man is a pigmy, and
his greatest works — his loco-
motives, his factories and his
cities — as but toys in a land of
dreams. The aviator notes the
train dragging its slow length,
the busy hive of human industry,
the almost pathetic regularity of
the little patterns of fields and
parks and hedgerows. He
crosses the Apennines, and
views the clouds reddening
beneath him in the morning
sun. Approaching Rome, he
sees "something of significance "
which grows into the sun-bathed
dome of St. Peters, rising out of the mists of the
Campagna. Rostand finely pictures the awakened
TontifT opening an orator)' window to bestow a
blessing on this human bird. . . .
Thb Suallbst
Mkdioimk Cucst
1>i th» worid
This tiny gold medlclna
cbact is £tted with twelva
square medicino choBt bot-
tlei contaiDlog 300 doses of
'Tabloid' Brand Uedlca-
meDt«, equivalent to IS
pint! of fluid medicine
Pulvis es '
dit r^Iisc au fragile mortcl .
. . . Perishable dust, that is; but compact of blood
and bone and sinew, braving at risk the perils of the
Relic 'Tablojd' Medicine Cases— Africa
I — Medicine belt carried by
Capt. Stairs throughout his Kat-
anga Expedition. 2 — The famous
" Rearguard " medicine chest used
during Sir H. M. Stanley's travels.
3 — Extricated from the ruins after
the Bandawe Mission House had
been demolished by lightning ; the
contents that escaped damage were
used for more than ten years
afterwards. 4— Once the property
of E. G. Glave. Supplied for a
journey made concerning the great
slave question of Central Africa.
5 — Carried by Capt. Thomas
Stevens on the expedition in East
Africa to find Stanley. 6 — Chest
carried by Sir H. M. Stanley"
during the Emin Pasha Relief and
other Expeditions. 7 — Formerly
the property of Dr. Percy Rendall,
Principal Medical Officer, British
Central Africa Administration. 8 —
Case carried by Frank Muxworthy,
the famous African Caravan
Leader, on three journeys through
Uganda. 9 — The last medicine
chest supplied to Emin Pasha.
HISTORICAL MRDICAL EQUIPMENTS Ul
air, and needing equipment for his dangers. The chest
depicted on page 109 could be carried by a bird. The
airman needs equipment relatively but a little larger.
Contrast between these and antient medicine chests
and cupboards is easy, comparison difficult or im-
possible. We stand on the brink of great events, of
which it is impossible to divine the trend. It is, how-
ever, certain that the aviator's demands for First-Aid
equipment are being met, and will be met as have those
of all other pioneers in exploration and adventure, the
history of whose equipments is related briefly in the
following pages. What has been done for aviation is
told on pages 123 et seq.
In Africa
•Africa, as of old, still guards her secrets with a
hundred deaths— not now with the magic, so much of
which was science cunningly applied, but with the
sullen frontiers of disease. These are barriers a newer
science is teaching us to pass unscathed. But Africa
is old. Learning, too, was hers. The age-long history
of antient dynasties in mighty Egypt, the
lost libraries of Alexandria, the splendours J/^AfrV**
of Carthage tell of that. Some fragments
of forgotten history have, however, come to light.
The Ebers papyrus, for instance, discovered reposing
between the legs of a mummy, contains no pages
covered with prescriptions for all manner of diseases,
some of the recipes being of incalculable antiquity.
At Kahun, near the pyramids of Illahun, the most
antient record of medicine and pharmacy known was
found in 1889. It dates from the XII Dynasty, a
thousand years before the Exodus. At Thebes the
medicine chest of Queen Mentu-Hotep came to light
— a massive outer wooden case decorated
with hieroglyphics, among them the royal Bgy"*
cartouche and the figure of a crouching
jackal. Within it is enclosed an inner stand of plaited
papyrus, containing various medicinal roots, in elegant
alabaster jars, and a wooden spoon, the handle of
which was ornamented with the bead of Hathor.
112 HISTORICAL MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS
Despite its great size the medical supplies it con-
tained were of the most meagre description.
It is a far cry from Mentu-Hotep to Stanley. Yet
with Stanley begins the practical demonstration of
the utility of the modern medicine chest.
The coming Ceuturics had passed, and still the heart
white^man of Africa lay undiscovered. The white
man came — Park, Burton, Livingstone,
Stanley. Always the practical man of affairs, Stanley
records a difficult)', and its solution : — -
"When I think [he said in one of his lectures] of the
dreadful mortality of Capt. Tuckey's Expedition in 1816, of
the Niger Expedition in 1841, of the sufferings
BurtoY,' of Burton and Speke, and of my own first two
*"<* expeditions, I am amazed to find that much of
the mortality and sickness was due to the crude
way in which medicines were supplied to travellers. The
very recollection causes me to shudder."
Speaking at a later date of his wish to ameliorate
the miseries of African explorers, he continues the
thought : —
" How it was to be done I knew not ; who was to do it
I did not know. But I made the acquaintance of Messrs.
Burroughs Wellcome & Co. As soon as I came in
sight of their preparations and • their works, I found the
consummation of my secret wish. On my later expeditions
I had all the medicines that were required for my black
men, as well as my white men, beautifully prepared, and in
most elegant fashion arranged in the smallest medicine chest
it was ever my lot to carry into Africa."
The mention of Stanley recalls Emin Pasha, Gordon's
Governor of Equatorial Africa. The last medicine
chest supplied to him was the product
of Burroughs Wellcome & Co. In a
pathetic report he writes:—
" I found the medicine chest you forwarded me fully
stocked. I need not tell you that its very completeness
made bound my heart. Articles like those could not be made
HISTORICAL MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS 113
but at the hand of the greatest artists in their own depart-
ment. If any one relieved from intense pain pwurs out his
blessings, they will come home to you.
" I should like to expatiate somewhat longer on the
intrinsical value, but sickness preventing me to do so. I wish
you to believe me,"
This chest was looted by the Arabs when Emin was
massacred in 1892, and was recaptured by Baron
Dhanis, Commandant of the Congo Free State troops,
after the battle of Kasongo. It was subsequently
stolen by natives, but afterwards recovered near
Kenia, in the Aruwhimi Dwarf Country, and returned
to Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
Another famous chest, the " Rear-Guard " ' Tabloid '
Medicine Chest, remained in the swampy forest regions
of the Aruwhimi for nearly four years, and more than
once was actually submerged in the river. The
remaining contents were tested by the official analyst
of The Lancet (London, Eng.) when it was brought back
to England, and the ' Tabloid ' medicaments declared
to have perfectly preserved their efficiency.
The medical officers of the great British Companies
occupied in commercial enterprise in Africa, have been
able to submit ' Tabloid ' equipments and ' Tabloid '
medicaments to thorough and exhaustive trials. Their
reports are, therefore, of special interest.
Extract from the report of R. F. Rand, M.D.,
F.R.C.S., Principal Medical Officer, British South Africa
Company : —
** We have had two Chests fittetl with 'Tabloid' medicines
in daily use during the occupation of the country. I think it
only just to tell you they have proved of inestimable service.
Being quite portable, compact, and readily accessible whilst
upon the march, they have save<l patients and myself much
time and worry. I know of no medicine chests so admirably
adapted to the wants of the traveller."
HISTORICAL MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS
Extract from the report of the late W. H. Crosse,
M.D., M.R.C.S., Principal Medical Officer, British Royal
Niger Company : —
"All these 'Tabloid' drugs are so good; it is impossible
for me to speak more highly of one than another. They are
all of the very best quality ; each drug is accurately described
and reliable. To the traveller these preparations are simply
invaluable, and I would strongly advise everyone coming out
to the Tropics to get a full supply of ' Tabloid ' Medicines."
The tale might be continued. It is the history,
practically, of the medical equipments of every punitive
expedition and of every explorer for nearly 30 years.
A single extract must suffice. It is from the report of
the Special War Correspondent of the Lancet (London,
Eng.), a veteran of many campaigns : —
" It affords me infinite satisfaction to state that I have
myself for some years dispensed, and have also seen
administered by medical officers of both Naval and Military
Services, Burroughs Wellcome & Co.'s
caraimiens 'Tabloid' preparations during the Sudan,
Ashanti, Benin, and recent South African
Campaigns. I cannot refrain from expressing my opinions
as to their distinct and marked superiority over the
medicinal preparations of former days. They are far more
portable, very acceptable so far as the palate is concerned,
far less liable to absorb damp on service during rapid changes
of climate, are always found exact as to their dose-weight,
and, what is of far more importance, retain their efficiency
much longer than any other medicinal products I know of.
"Scales and weights can be dispensed with, and much
valuable time is saved both to patient and doctor, as the
dispensary — mullum in parvo, in fact — can be carried by
the prescriber in his hand, or in front of him on cycle or
horse. During my recent experience amongst the goldfields
of Ashanti, W. A., under conditions the most severe and
trying, these ' Tabloid ' Medicines could always be depended
upon. The firm of Burroughs Wellcome & Co. are
deservedly to be congratulated upon the marked scientific
advance they have made in pharmaceutical reform."
HISTORICAL MBDICAL BQUIPMBNTS
If, to-day, the savagery of all the welter of humanity
that still hides in the darkness of darkest
Africa, is receding — ever so slowly — before The re«i
the march of Science, something is surely of Africa
due to the ' Tabloid ' weapons of precision
with which disease and death have been fought.
In Travel and Exploration
The true traveller is bom. The call of the beyond is
in his blood. It may be merely the chafing of the
restless spirit for a strange sky and a wider horizon ; or
the deeper longing of the reflective mind for
something " over the hills and far away." 7*** **.?"*
" J traveUer
Discontent has made travellers of some,
desire for fame of others. In all, the result is action.
Of one — a man of imagination and of magnetic quali-
ties— Lord Morley has finely said, he was " a man with
pity in him, with a sense of justice in him, with good-
temper in him. . . . He raised no ill-will anywhere."
Dr. Sven Hedin, of whom these words were spoken,
for two long years wandered about the
wildernesses of Tibet, tracing the '• Mighty The "Roof
Mountain Palisade " of the trans- Himalaya, worid"
and exploring the " Roof of the World."
His constant companion was a ' Tabloid ' Medicine
Chest, which stood him in good stead in illness and
hardship, and even in the primrose paths of diplomacy.
At Shigatse he made it his offering of friendship to the
Tashi-Lama. We are indebted to Messrs. Macmillan,
Dr. Sven Hedin's publishers, for permission to quote
his account of the incident : —
*' When we had conversed for two hours I made a move
lo leave him, but the Tashi-Lama pushetl me back on to
the chair and said, * No, stay a little longer.' Now was the
time to present my offering. The elegant Knglish medicine
chest was taken out of its silk cloth, opened and exhibited,
and excited his great admiration and lively interest ; every-
thing must Ih.' explainc<l to him. The hypodermic syringe
Relic "Tabloid' Medicine Cases — Travel, etc.
I — Harry de Windt's medical
equipment, used on his travels in
E.Siberia. 2 — Chest taken by Kx-
President Roosevelt on his recent
shooting and hunting expedition in
East Africa. 3 — Chest carried by
Lionel Declc on his three years'
journey from the Cape to Uganda
(6000 miles). 4 — Mrs. Bishop (Miss
Isabella Bird), in her book describ-
ing her extensive wanderings, highly
commends this medicine case. 5 —
The medical equipment carried by
Mrs. French Sheldon, F. R.G. S.,on
her adventurous expedition through-
out the entire Congo Free State.
6 — Duplicate of medicine chest
taken by Sven Hedin on his imique
journey beyond the Himalayas into
the heart of Tibet. 7 — Case carried
by R. L. Jefferson, F.R.G.S., on
his famous bicycle ride to Khiva.
8 — Pocket -case carried by J. E.
Budgett Meakin. 9 — Medicine
chest carried bj- Julius Price, of the
"Illustrated London News," for
over 30,000 miles through various
climes.
HISTORICAL MBDICAL EQUIPMENTS 117
in its tasteful case, with all its belongings, especially
delighted him. Two monks of the medical faculty were
sent for several days running to write down in Tibetan the
contents of the various ' Tabloid ' boxes and the use of the
medicines."
Such picturesque incidents do not stand alone in the
annals of Burroughs Wellcome & Co. The U.S.A.
Mission to Abyssinia in 1903 — the first American
expedition to that Empire — found their
'Tabloid' Medicine Chest "a highly valued in Abyssinia
resource in time of trouble. It was
carried on the back of a faithful domestic, rejoicing in
a name which, being translated, means ' Slave of the
Holy Trinity ' " — reports a member of the Commission.
Again, Professor Gamer, who studied at close
quarters the habits of gorillas in the forests of
the Gabuns, speaks affectionately of " my little
'Tabloid' Medicine Chest" as "a treasure more
sacred than my rifle."
Ex-President Roosevelt on his African expedition
took with him the ' Tabloid ' Medical and Photo-
graphic Equipment, and found it, Lieut. -
Col. Mearns reports, " very satisfactory some
and useful." Many other travellers of distinction
distinction, including Glave, Muxworthy,
Kendall, Captain Stair, W. S. Caine, Mrs. Bishop
(Miss Isabella Bird), and Mrs. French Sheldon, have
been equipped with ' Tabloid ' Medicine Cases, and
have reported favourably on their portability and
reliability.
In Warfare
To Military Expeditions, 'Tabloid' Medical Equipments
are as indispensable as the emergency ration. Their
compression, concentration, compactness and con-
venience meet the first requirements of successful
transport. In addition, they possess such advantages
as purity, reliability and accuracy of dosage.
Relic 'Tabloid' Medicine Cases— Warfare
I — One of the medicine belts used
during the Spanish-American War.
2 — One of the medicine che^ts used in
the Ashanti Campaign, 1895-6. 3 —
G. W. Steevens carried this equip-
ment through many campaigns and
journeys. 4 — A rehc of many battles
and sieges, formerly the propei ty of
W. Maxwell, war correspondent.
5— Cases of this design were used
by British Colonial contingents
during the South .African War. 6—
Part of the medical equipment of
Greece during the war with Turkey,
ig^. 7— Duplicate of the medical
equipment of Bennet Burleigh,
war correspondent. 8 — The porta-
ble medical supply used on the
Dongola Expedition. 9 — A dupli-
cate of the equipment used during
the .\nglo-Egyptian campaign in
the Sudan. ic— .\ specially-de-
signed case carried by the C.I.V.
in the South .'\frican War. 11 — A
specially-designed chest, part of the
medical equipment entirely sup-
plied by Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
for the Hospital Ship "Maine.'
12 — Pocket medicine case carried by
Gen. Viljoen throughout the South
African War. 13— Medicine belt
used during the Benin Campaign.
HISTORICAL MEDICAL EtjUITMENTS 119
The human factor in warfare requires, for efficiency,
first to be fed, next to have its hurts and ailments
tended. It is a well-known axiom of
military operations that disease kills more ucto^"«!^d°
men than do the bullets of the enemy. i^*'''°i'?H
Many of the horrors of the Crimean War
might have been averted had ' Tabloid ' medicaments
been available.
For more than a generation past ' Tabloid ' Medical
Equipments have been used in every campaign of note.
It is therefore impossible to deal with them in detail.
During the war between the United States of America
and Spain the utility of 'Tabloid' outfits was tested
and confirmed both in Cuba and the Philippines. In
the campaigns of Kitchener, from Omdurman to
South Africa, they have played a prominent part.
Of special interest was the equipment of the
American Ladies' Hospital Ship Maiue, for the South
African Campaign, the whole of the medical outfit of
which was supplied by Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
"The whole of the medical outfit has been supplied by
Messrs. Burroughs Wellcome and Co.
" One of the medicine chests supplied by this firm is in
tooled leather, designed by Mr. Henr)' S. Wellcome. On
the top panel appear the Union Jack and the Stars and Stripes
entwined, portraits of Queen Victoria, George Washington,
and President McKinley, and representations of the American
Eagle and British Litin. The front and other panels bear
symljolic designs indicating the bond of union between the
English and .American peoples. Prominently inscribed on
the chest are Keble's line, ' No distance breaks the tie of
hlfx)d.' and .\mbassador Bayard's notable phrase, ' Our Kin
across the Sea. ' "
This beautiful cabinet and its contents formed in itself
;i complete and compact dispensary.
In these days, no war seems to be complete with-
out its war correspondents — than whom no keener
judges of kit and equipment exist. The list of eminent
Relic 'Tabloid' Medicine Cases— Polar Exploration
I — Scottish National Antarctic
medicine case. 2 — Chest used dur-
ing three years' exploration by the
Jackson-Harmsworth Arctic Expe-
dition. 3 — A duplicate of the chest
carried by the Duke of the .-\bruzzi's
Polar Expedition. 4 — Part of the
comp.ete medical equipment sup-
plied by Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
for the National .-Vntarctic Expe-
dition, 1901. 5 — .^ndree, on his
historical attempt to reach the North
Pole by balloon, carried a case of
this design. 6 — Medicine case
used by Wellman on his attempt
to reach the North Pole in an air-
ship. 7 — Carried on the journey to
the summit of Mount Erebus, and
during the "Farthest South" jour-
ney, British Antarctic Expedition,
1907-9. 8 — Case carried by the party
which reached the South Magnetic
Pole, British .\ntarctic Expedition,
1907-9. 9 — Duplicate of the chest
which formed part of Peary 's_ equip-
ment on his Historic discovery of the
North Pole. 10 — lielt supplied ;o
Nansen for his journey " Farthest
North."
HISTOKICAL MEDICAL EQUIPMBNTS
121
journalists who have carried ' Tabloid ' Cases includes
among other world-famous names, those of Bennet
Burleigh. Frederick Villiers, Ren6 Bull, Julius Price
and William Maxwell, the late G. VV. Steevens, and
t host of others. Of her husband's 'Tabloid' outfit
Mrs. Steevens reports: —
. . . " He took it everywhere with him — to the Graeco-
Turk War, twice to the Soudan, India and lastly (well
replenished by you) to South Africa."
•Tabloid'
Cases "as
distant as
the Poles
asunder"
In Arctic and Antarctic Exploration
' Tabloid ' Medicine Chests and Cases have always
been of inestimable value to the Arctic and the
Antarctic explorer, and are associated with
the names of Peary, Amimdsen, Scott,
Nansen, Shackleton, Jackson-Harmsworth,
the Duke of the Abruirzi, and very many
others. The belts and other ' Tabloid ' Equipments
supplied to Nansen for his journey "Farthest North,"
and those used by the Jackson-Harmsworth
Expedition, have now been added to
Burroughs Wellcome & Co.'s collection of
historic outfits. " Hearty thanks, splendid
indeed," reported the enthusiastic Norse-
man, Nansen. One of the
eight tubes of ' Tabloid ' pro-
ducts carried by Peary to the
North Pole was presented by
that celebrated explorer to
Burroughs Wellcome & Co. on his return.
In a report forwarded from Etah, Greenland,
Peary wrote: " Burroughs Wellcome & Co.'s
' Tabloid ' Medicine Cases and supplies
have proven invaluable." And, in a
previous report, he conveyed his " appre-
ciation of the wonderful compactness and
utility of your products."
Antarctic, 'Tabloid' Medicine Chests and
formed the sole medical eiiuipment of
An actual
relic from
the North
Pole
In the
I'roducts
s.s- "Roosevelt '
Peary Arctic Expedition, 1907-9
The medical equipment of this Expedition was furnished by
Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
HISTORICAL MEDICAL BQUii'MENTS 123
Shackleton when he established the then record
"Farthest South" — within 97 miles of the Pole. His
relief ship Morning was similarly equipped.
' Tabloid ' Cases also accompanied Scott and
Shackleton in the Discovery, and Bruce in the Scotia.
For the Australian Antarctic Expedition of
191 1, Burroughs Wellcome & Co. supplied sout'h"po'i?
the entire medical equipment. Capt.
Amundsen was also supplied by them for his mys-
terious voyage to the South Polar regions, the
triumphant return from which took place in March,
1912.
In Aviation
The airman, in his element, lives face to face with
perils. " Flying resolves itself into a series of unfore-
seen incidents. It is then that we must command our
nerves to avoid mm drame" writes one of the greatest
aeronauts of the day. " Even the least stirring of the air
grips the machine and rolls it gently from side to side,
while the stopping of the motor gives an acute if
momentary pang of despair." Lost in the clouds, fog-
bound, tempest - tossed, compelled in his
huge kite to rush onwards through the ThVafr"'
obscure in order to preserve equilibrium
and remain aloft — not knowing when he emerges
whether he will find himself above the plain-lands,
the streets or the sea — the instant emergency con-
stantly confronts him, far, possibly from any hope
of human aid. The margin of safety to life and
limb must be increased, not only by improving the
powers of the machine, but by the provision of the
es.sentials of treatment in its most readily
accessible form — compact, reliable, and increase
practically featherweight. The airman ot\^tty °
who ventures aloft without ' Tabloid '
First-Aid is foolhardy. Lieut. Conneau (" Beaumont")
in his book, gives a graphic account of dangers —
happily overcome — in his famous Circuit of Britain : —
JU LES
V E D R I N ES
Won the Paris-
Madrid Race in igii
and holds a record
for speed over the
English Channel.
The photograph
shows the aviator
handling his
'Tabloid" pocket-
outfit.
■ B 9au MONT "
Xaval - Lieut. Jean
Ccnneau. Won over
$ico,coo in prizes in
1911.
Lieut. Conneau is
seen examining the
'Tabloid' First-Aid,
No. 706, which he
carries on his flight.s.
HISTORICAL MBDICAi. EQUIPMENTS 135
" Wlien I approach I^ngdale Fell I make my dispositions
for attacking tlie terrible defile. Before everything I must
have heiglit. I try to rise. Alas, I cannot get alwve
2400 feet. Suddenly the motor stops during 6-lo seconds,
and I fall. Beneath me is nothing hut crevasses
and pointed summits. The loss of mv machine "Un drame"
• • » tr\ •' 1^ 1 "nd ner»e»
IS evident ; I must try to put on l)eing crushed of steel
upon the ground as long as possible. So
I seek to direct my vol plam' in the direction of the deepest
places in the gorge, to prolong my descent still more. At
this moment an eddy flings me downwards. It seems to me
I am done for. But evidently death does not want me, since,
by an almost incredible chance, the motor liegins to turn
again. I am saved."
For this course "Beaumont" received the Daily
Mail prize of £10,000 ($50,000) (see also page 124J. In
a report on his First- Aid equipment he says: —
" Grace a sa legerete et son format la petite boite 'Tabloid'
First-Aid sc recomniande sp^cialemente au.\ aviateurs."
Vedrines, who ran him close in this great contest,
reported : —
"Je considere votre Premier-Secours 'Tabloid' comme
trcs utile. Son peu de volume en fait un modele d'une
extreme commodite.
The mention of Vedrines recalls the fact that he
was the first airman to deliver letters by The rint
aeroplane (Paris. Madrid). In crossing the foTeu^er
Pyrenees. V6drines had to rise to a height ietter»
of over 6000 feet (2000 metres) in order to surmount
H . P ECQU ET
Carried the first
cfficial Indian Aerial
Mail.
M. Pecquet always
carries a ' Tabloid '
First-Aid on his
flights.
Garros
Was second to
Vedrines in the
Paris-Madrid Race,
191 1. ' Tabloid '
First-Aid forms part
of his equipment.
HISTORICAL MRUICAL EQUIPMENTS
127
the pass of Somosierra. It was during this flight that
he was attacked by an eagle.
In India, Pecquet (February i8, 191 1) carried a
whole mail of 6000 letters and postcards
from Allahabad across the Jumna to ^'l*'Jf"
Naini. Pecquet and Keith-Davies will
be remembered as the first airmen to fly in India.
Of * Tabloid ' First-Aid, Pecquet reports : —
"J"ai toujours cmp<irte avec moi Tecjuipement Preniier-
S^cours 'Tabloid,' ct puis vous confirmer qu'il m'a toujours
ete (le tres f^ranck- utilite aux |K*lils accidents que j'ai eus."
V — ^^ . l-<:'<2^'
Mails have also been carried in England by
Hamel and Hubert (between Hendon and Windsor),
and in America by Earle Ovington.
•Tabloid' First-. -Md Equipments
used on all these journeys.
Ovington, under the personal direction of
Postmaster-General Hitchcock, carried the first U.S.A.
Government Aerial Post.
were British and
Americmn
Earle Aerlal Posts
Uonoplana uaed by Mr. O. Hsmal to connection nitb tb« Ooited Klutdom
Aerial l^iMa. J^a poaluoo of Cb« ' 1 ablotd' drat Aid Equipment
canted by (h« arlator ta iodicatad by the wbtto Una.
On one occasion the Postmaster-General accom-
panied Mr. Ovington on a flight with the mails. The
aviator reports : —
Hubert
Latham
Has made many
successful flights,
notably at Rheims
and Blackpool. Held
the height record in
1909.
Inset is a photo-
graph of M. Latham's
' Tabloid ' First-Aid
Equipment.
Pierre Frier
Who flevv from
London to Paris
without a slop, using
a Bl^riot monoplane,
reports. ". . . Ces
trousses ' Tabloid '
sont en etfet exces-
sivement pratiques."
The position of his
' Tabloid ' First-Aid
Equipment on the
machine is shown in
this illustration.
HISTORICAL MEDICAL BQUIPMBNTS 120
*• I have looked the ['Tabloid'] outfits over carefully, and
wish to compliment you upon the wonderful compactness
and efficiency of your product. I feel decidedly more com-
fortable Ijecause I have your little outfits along with me to
administer to my aid when necessity arises."
Captain Sido also took a ' Tabloid ' First-Aid
luipment with him when he set out to establish
rapid postal service in French Senegal.
These aerial experiments are interesting, J/'fh^fuiure
though there is still much leeway to be
made up before Kipling's daring forecast of a trans-
Atlantic Aerial Post is realised.
Prominent among other aviators who have carried
• Tabloid ' First-Aid equipments during their flights
are Bleriot — first to fly the English Channel ; Ely, who
flew across San Francisco Harbour, land-
iiifC like a bird on the deck of the cruiser Tvutor"*
• Pennsylvania," and flying back again to
land ; as well as Weymann, who won the Gordon-
Bennett Cup for America in igii; Fowler, who was
^;ived at Alta from serious injury to limb in falling,
l)y the 'Tabloid' equipment he carried in his pocket;
McCurdy, Sopwith, Tabuteau, Garros, Hubert Latham
and very many others, from whom reports have been
received. Latham reports as follows of his ' Tabloid '
equipment : —
" Je tiens a vous dire combicn m'a ^t^ utile votrc trousse de
Premier-Secours 'Tabloid.'
" Elle est si peu volumineuse que je n'h^site jamais a
Tcmporter en aeroplane, et m'a rendu service plusieurs fois,
surtout dans les meetings d'aviation ou un pansement rapide
est souvent necessaire. Bien a vous."
-^2^
Paulhan, after his race through darkness against
time and his competitor, Grahame- White, in the
Claude
Grahame-
Wh ite
Won the Gordon-
Bennett Cup for
England at Belmont,
N.Y., 1910, on a
B16riot monoplane,
seen in this photo
with ' Tabloid ' First-
Aid Equipment
attached to it.
S. F. Cody
Born in America ;
has done important
work for the British
War Office, and uses
aeroplanes of his own
design.
The arrow indicates
the position of the
' Tabloid ' First-Aid
Equipment on the
machine.
HISTORICAL MEDICAL BQUIPMBNTS
131
t'lur de force flight from London to Manchester
I Daily Mail $50,000 prize, igio), made the following
report : —
" Je profite de cette occasion pour vous exprimer le plaisir
tjue j'ai eu de porter avec moi durant le vol que j'ai fait de
Londres a Manchester une trousse Premier-Secours ' Tabloid.'
T^^^^^^
Grabame- White has since gained many honours, but
in the following report to Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
he recalls that first exploit which startled England
into recognition of the fact that man had achieved
dominion over the air : —
*' You will be inter-
ested to know that
I first made the
acquaintance of your
♦ Tabloid ' First-Aid
Cases by carrying one
of the small alumi-
nium pocket equip-
ments (No. 706) on
my flight from London
to Manchester
I found it so well
adapted for the re-
.,..,.^.i.^..iT ... .i.,..i.)rs Ujat I have never been without
this case, or one of your other models, on sul)sequent
flii^lits. and I consider no aviator should be without one.
Yours faithfully,
Ur. C. QtrnX. •
London to K u
i» curriei by
bU BUlbt from
- -Daily MnU"
eAjCM*»*^'^/J^^^C- J
Li EOT. H . E.
Watki ns, R.E.
With the Vickers
monoplane fitted
with ' Tabloid ' First-
Aid.
Was to have joined
the Mawson Ant-
arctic Expedition as
aviator, but was pre-
vented owing to an
accident.
i^
1
1
V <^
\ x
*^^- i
\ X
N A
GusTAv Ham EL
The first official
carrier of the British
Aerial Post, and the
first aviator to carry
a lady passenger
from England to
France. In his hand
may be seen the
' Tabloid ' First-Aid
Equipment which he
carries on his flights.
HISTORICAL MKDICAL EQUIPMENTS 133
Cody, the inventor and aviator, carries ' Tabloid '
I irst-Aid on all his flights, and thus reports : —
'* The ' Tabloid ' Kirst-
Aid Case has always been
in its place on my
machine, and I have
found the contents of
inestimable value on
numerous occasions.
I consider it altojjether a
most excellent idea, en-
abling one, as it does, to
carrj' in the smallest pos-
sible space, remetlies with
which to meet everv • Tabloid • First Aid actually cnied
wnicn lo mcei c\cry by i!r. s. f Cody on hi» flight.
emergency.
Lieutenant Watkins, who was prevented by a broken
leg from accompanying the Australian Antarctic
Expedition, igii, as ofhcial aviator, made the
I I )llnwing report : —
" Fortunately for myself I have had no occasion to use the
small 'Tabloid' Kirst-Aid you so kindly sent me, but a
friend of mine, Dr. Pointer, R.A., who has been in aviation
for many years, had a bad fall on his monoplane and was
badly cut in many places. Your small outfit came in most
handy. I consider that the 'Tabloid' Etjuipment you sent
me for the V^ickers monoplane is quite the most useful thing
one could desire."
The relative qualities and superiorities displayed, and
tlie functions to be fulfilled respectively by heavier-than-
air and lighter-than-air machines, continue to excite
< xpert controversy, and even to influence
tlie policv of governments. The evolution The raie
, : , , of the
t a dommant type remams upon the knees "diriKibie"
■ t the gods. When Andree, greatly daring,
set out on his last quest for the North Pole by balloon,
he carried a ' Tabloid ' Medical Equipment as his sole
medical outfit and to the present day the products of
Burroughs Wellcome & Co. continue to be associated
with the history of scientific airmanship.
. . o. m. sopwiths
Aeroplane
Mr. Sop with won
the Baron de Forest
prize, 1910. He flew
from Brook lands to
\\'indsor (Eng.) to be
received by King
George.
The arrow shows
;lie fKJsition on the
machine of the
' Tabloid ' First - Aid
Equipment.
Charles
W EYM AN N
Won the Gordon-
Bennett Cup for
America at East-
church (Eng.), 191 1,
on a Nieuport mono-
plane.
He is shown hold-
ing a No. 706
'Tabloid' First-Aid
in his hand.
HISTORICAL MEDICAL BQUIPMBNTS 135
Equally great in conception was Wellman's effort to
cross the Atlantic, on which the explorer brought
to bear immense pains and forethought, and all the
exf>erience of his Arctic travels. The result revealed
a task pre-destined to ultimate achievement. Wellman
reports : —
"We are glad to inform you that your ' Tabloid ' Medical
Equipment was the only one carried in the airship " America *'
during one thousand nules flight over the Atlantic Ocean.
We had several occasions to use its contents for minor troubles,
and found it complete and wholly satisfactory, which was but
repeating the experience I have had with your equipments in
my expeditions to the Arctic regions."
U;jt;a/'u/
Mr. Wellman here refers to his 'Tabloid' equipment
for the dirigible " America," with which he had pro-
posed to fly to the North Pole from Spitzbergen.
The British record for a long-distance balloon
voyage is held by Messrs. Gaudron, Maitland and
C. C. Turner, who, on November i8, igo8, started
from the Crystal Palace, London, and on the following
day alighted at Mateli Derevni, Novo Alexandrovsk,
Russia, having travelled 1117 miles in 31^ hours.
Their sole medical equipment was a ' Tabloid ' Medicine
Case, of which Mr. Turner reports: —
"The 'Tabloid' Kirst-Aid Aeronaut's Outfit proved most
valuable during our l)alloon voyage to Russia. We used the
' \'aporolc ' Ammonia with excellent results when sufl^ering
from the presence of gas in the air. But for the other remedies
we should prol>ably have suffered considerably. In future
voyages I shall certainly take a ' Tabloid' Kirst-Aid Outfit."
/^ A-<>l-.^^^-rjr C. ^-C4-A.-M
* Tabloid ' Medicine Chests and ' Tabloid ' First-Aid
Hlquipments have also been supplied to Willows, Count
/eppelin, and many other aeronauts.
-2 ^'o
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b
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B
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O
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HVPODKIIMIC rOCKBT-CASBS, 'TABLOID* BRAND 1ST
HYPODERMIC POCKET-CASES
•Tabloid' brand
[« B. W. & Co.]
Special Designs, the property of Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
The word 'TABLOID' is a brand which desigrnates fine products
issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co. This brand should always
be specified when ordering.
'Tabloid' Hj-podennic Pocket -Cases provide complete
armamentaria for hypodermic work. The whole object of
hypodermic medication is to administer drugs
in full physiological dosage by the shortest ^"^ "**
route. It is, therefore, /ar excellence, the pocket"*
method for emergency purposes. For the same
reasons it follows that the highest accuracy of dosage combined
\siih the utmost purity of the drug administered is essential.
' Tabloid ' Hypodermic Products possess all these qualities
and are compact, convenient to use, and free from the
disadvantages of stock solutions, which may undergo rapid
changes and become septic and irritating. They retain their
strength, and remain unaltered for many years in any climate.
A full equipment of hypodermic drugs, together with syringe
and needles, may, by means of the 'Tabloid' Hypodermic
Outfit, easily be carried in the waistcoat pocket.
Hypodermic ' Tabloid ' Brand Pocket-Cases are issued in
gold, silver, gun-metal, nickel-plated metal, or aluminium,
and in a great variety of plain and fancy leathers. Each
contains a B. W. & Co. Hypodermic Syringe with needles,
and from five to fifteen tubes of ' Tabloid ' Brand Hypodermic
products, etc.
No. 3 Hypodermic 'Tabloid' brand Pockht-Case
In Cowhide, Pigskin,
Crocodile, Morocco, Seal
-{I and other fine leathers.
Kitted with twelve tubes
of 'Tabloid' Hypodermic
products, a B. W. & Co.
Nickel-PUted Hypodermic
Syringe, two regular steel
needles, etc.
ii_ jAui.tiii' i)(<A.su Pockkt-Casb
:j«uur*ii)«DU: 3^ X :) X I In
138
MODERN MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS
No. 7.
Aseptic Hypodermic 'Tabloid'
Pocket-Case
No. 7. Aseptic Hypodermic
' Tabloid ' Brand Pocket-Case
Measurements : 3j X 3j X f in-
With special de-
tachable aseptic
frame of novel
design, and revolv-
ing rack (nickel-
plated). Fitted
with twelve tubes
of Tabloid' Hypo-
dermic products,
a B. W. & Co.
Nickel-Plated
Syringe, one ex-
ploring and two re-
gular steel needles,
etc. This Case,
after the removal
of the tubes of
Hypodermic pro-
ducts, may be steri-
lised with ease. In
Gun-metal, Alu-
minium, or Silver.
No.
10. Aseptic Hypodermic 'Tabloid' brand
Pocket-Case
This Case is a model of compact completeness. It is made of
nickel-plated metal, each edge and corner being smoothly rounded.
It contains a B. W. & Co.
All-Glass Aseptic Hj-podermic
Syringe, with detachable nickel-
plated finger-grip, and two regu-
lar steel needles enclosed in a pro-
tective tube.
Each part of the syringe is
separately held in a holdfast
clip.
The tubes of ' Tabloid ' Hypo-
dermic products, five in number,
are carried in a hinged rack,
which securely holds them when
the case is closed, and which, when
swung outwards, allows of the
No. 10. ASEI'TIC HYP0DEK]\nC ■ , J , r il. J • J
easy withdrawal of the desired
'Tabloid' Brand Pocket-Case t^^e. Complete with doeskin
Measurements : 2^ X l|- X ^ in. cover.
No.
20. Aseptic Hypodermic 'Tabloid' brand
Pocket-Case
Fitted with ten tubes of ' Tabloid ' Hypodermic products, a small glass
phial, stoppered and capped, for ether or distilled water, a B. W. & Co.
HYPODRRMIC POC K ST-C A S ES , 'TABLOID' BRAND 139
All-Glass Aseptic Hypodermic Syringe (each part securely held by a
separate dip), two steel needles in a protective tube, finger-grip,
etc. In nickel-plated metal, complete with doeskin cover.
No. 90. AsErnc Hypodermic 'Tabloid' Brand Pockbt-Casb
UeaturamenU : 4^ X if X } in.
No. 21. Hypodermic 'Tabloid' brand Pocket-Case
Measurements : 4 X 3i X 'i >n. Fitted with nine tubes of ' Tabloid '
Hypodermic products, a B. W. & Ca Nickel-Plated Hypodermic
Syringe, with two steel needles, a small phial, glass-stoppered and capped,
for sterilised water, capsule of ether, etc. In Morocco and other fine
leathers.
No. 23. ASEPTIC Hypodermic 'Tabloid'
Pocket-Case
brand
No. 23. .A'^KPTIC Hvi'OLil.;....... i .\
Ukanu Pucket-Cass
Ve.i!. j:euieuu 3} X 3| X | In.
In Aluminium, Gun-
metal or Solid Silver,
with special detachable
nickel -plated aseptic
frame and revolving rack.
Contents same as those
of No. ai Case, with
the addition of a steel
exploring needle. This
Cue, after the removal
of the tubes of ' Tabloid '
Hypodermic producu,
may readily be sterilised.
140
MODERN MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS
No. 32. Aseptic Hypodermic 'Tabloid' brand
Pocket-Case (The Mussel Shell)
OPEN CLOSED
No. 32. Aseptic Hypodermic 'Tabloid' Brand Pockkt-Case
(T/te Mussel Shell) MeaBuremencs : Sj X if X } in.
In nickel-plated metal, convenientlj* shaped for the pocket. Fitted with
a B. W. & Co. Nickel-Plated Hypodermic Syringe, one exploring and two
regular steel needles, and five tubes of ' Tabloid ' Hypodermic products.
The Case is also supplied fitted with a B. W. & Co. All-Glass Aseptic
Hypodermic Syringe, etc. {as illustrated), but without ' Tabloid ' Hypo-
dermic products. Complete with leather or doeskin cover.
No. 40. Aseptic Hypodermic 'Tabloid' brand
Pocket-Case {.The Mussel Shell)
A particularly efficient and convenient
pocket - case. The component parts
are held securely in clips and rack.
The spring catch, of improved design,
is most effective in use, whereby maxi-
mum security is attained. The case con-
tains a B. W. & Co. All-Glass Aseptic
Hypodermic Syringe, with detachable
finger-grip, two regular steel needles,
one exploring needle, and five tubes
of ' Tabloid ' Hypodermic products,
etc. In nickel-plated metal, com-
plete with doeskin cover.
u. Asi-.i'Tic HviuDEKMic ' Tabloid ' Brand Pocket-Case
(The Mussel Shell) Measurements; 3^ X i| X | in.
No. 45. Quinine Injection 'Tabloid' brand
Pocket-Case
Measurements : sJ X 2| X ij in. Fitted with an All-Metal Syringe,
min. 20, with two steel needles, two i oz. bottles, stoppered and capped,
spirit-lamp, sterilising-cup, sterilising-tray, one tube ' Soloid ' Corrosive
Sublimate, three tubes ' Tabloid ' Hypodermic Quinine Bihydrochloride,
etc. In nickel-plated metal, complete with doeskin cover.
HVPODBRMIC AND OPHTHALMIC roCKBT-CASBS, 'TABLOID ' BRAND 141
Hypodermic and ophthalmic Pocket-Cases
•Tabloid' brand [«B. W. &Co.]
No. 80. Hypodermic and Ophthalmic 'Tabloid' brand
Pocket-Casb (The "British Army Regulation")
In Aluminiiun. Contains thir-
teen tubes of ' Tabloid ' Hypo-
dermic products, ten tubes of
' Tabloid ' Ophthalmic products,
two camel-hair brushes, a pair of
minute forceps, and a card
giving a summary of the chief
uses of the products. Being easily
carried in the waistcoat-pocket,
this Case is extremely well adapted
for emergency use.
No. 80. Hypodermic and Ophthal-
mic 'Tabloid' Bkand Pocket-Casb
(Tkt " British Army Regulation ")
Ueaaumnanu : 9} X 3^ X fin.
Ophthalmic Pocket-Cases
'Tabloid' brand [» B. W. & Co.]
Special Designs, the property of Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
The word 'Tabloid' is a brand which designates fine prodncts
issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
'Tabloid' Ophthalmic Pocket-Cases are the most compact
and complete equipments for ophthalmic work. In a space of
two or three cubic inches they contain supplies of active and
accurately-di\nded ophthalmic products, solution-dropper, camel-
hair brushes, etc. , etc.
No. 91.
r, i: L :i B
Aseptic Ophthalmic 'Tabloid" brand
Pocket-Case
In nickel-plated metal. Fitted
with nine tubes of ' Tabloid ' and
' Soloid ' Ophthalmic products
in nickel-plated rack, vulcanite
rod, solution -dropper, mortar,
pestle, and two camel-hair
brushes. The Case, after the
removal of the contents, may be
readily sterilised. Complete with
doeskin cover.
:=dt=3^
Ni). gi. .\>HT1C Ol-MIIIALMIC
'Tabloid' Brand Pockkt-Cask
Uauuivnsnu : 3} X ij X } In.
ua
MODERN MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS
No. 92. Aseptic Ophthalmic 'Tabloid' brand
Pocket-Case (The Mussel Shell)
In nickel-plated metal. Fitted with
seven tubes of ' Tabloid ' Ophthalmic
products, mortar, pestle, vulcanite
rod, solution-dropper and two camel-
hair brushes. The shape and size
of this Case make it specially suitable
for carrying in the waistcoat-pocket.
After removal of the contents, the
Case can readily be sterilised. Com-
plete with doeskin cover.
No. 92. Aseptic Ophthalmic
'Tabloid' Brand Pocket-Case
{The Mussel Shell)
. Measurements: 2j X ij X f in.
For
emergen
cies
MEDICINE Pocket-Cases, 'Tabloid' brand
\i» B. W. & Co.]
Special Designs, the property of Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
The word 'Tabloid' is a brand which designates fine products
issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
'Tabloid' Medicine Pocket-Cases are compact equipments
of pure, active drugs, divided into accurate doses, ready for
administration. They enable practitioners to have
always with them an equipment of reliable medicines
specially suitable for emergency purposes. ' Tabloid '
Pocket-Cases are a recognised essential in the equipment of
physicians practising in country districts.
When weighing and measuring are impossible, and the
carriage of liquids impracticable, the convenience and the
extreme portability of ' Tabloid ' Medicine Pocket-Cases, which
enable the physician to dispense emergency medicines practi-
cally at the bedside, will be fully appreciated.
No. 115. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Pocket-Case
Contains ten J oz.
rhials filled with
labloid' Brand pro-
'iucts, etc. In Seal,
Pigskin, Cowhide,
Morocco and other
fine leathers.
No. 115. 'Tabloid' Brand Medicine
Pocket-Case
Measurements. 8j X 3| X 1 J in.
MBUICINB POCKBT-CASBS, 'TABLOID* BRAND
148
No. 117. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Pockbt-Casb
This Case, which is some-
what larger and more compre-
hensive than the No. 115
Case, contains sixteen | oz.
phials of 'Tabloid' Brand
products, etc. In Cowhide,
Pigskin, Crocodile, Morocco
and other fine leathers.
No. 117. 'Tabloid' Brand Mkdicinr Pockkt-Case
VeasuremanU : 7j^ x 4 X 3 in.
No. 124. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Pocket-Case
Fitted with from sixteen to
twenty-four tubesof Tabloid '
Brand products, according
to size of products. In Seal,
Crocodile, Morocco and other
fine leathers. This Case was
specially designed for con-
veniently carrying in the
breast pocket, on ordinary
occasions, a stock of med icines
sufficient to combat a variety
of contingencies.
No. 124. 'Tabloid' Brand Medicine
Pocket-Casb
U«m*ursni«nu : 5^ X 4 X '■} in.
No. 125. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Pocket-Case
Specially fitted for emer-
gency purposes with fourteen
tubes of ' Tabloid ' Brand pro-
ducts, and a removable tray
containing an equipment of
twelve tubes of ' Tabloid '
Hypodermic products,
.1 K. W. & Co. Nickel-Plated
Mypoderroic Syringe and two
regular steel needles. In
Cowhide and other fine
leathers.
Medicine Pocket-Case
With the exception that it conuins a No. 3 ' Tabloid ' Brand Hypo-
dermic Case instead of the removable tray, this Case is the same as Na las.
No. 135. 'Tabloid' Brand Medicini
Pockbt-Casb
Mcuumnanu &^ X 4 X 1} in.
No. 126. 'Tabloid' brand
MODERN MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS
No. 133. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Pocket-Case
No. 133. 'Tabloid' Brand Medicine
Pocket-Case
Measurements : 8j X 4j X ij in.
An ideal pocket-
case, which closes
without straps or
other external fas-
tening. Metal
body, covered with
black Morocco or
Cowhide. Contains
eight i oz. phials
of Tabloid 'Brand
products, etc., and
wallet for papers.
No. 141. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Pocket-Case
In Morocco leather. Measurements : 7J X 4 X 2i in. Fitted with
fifteen J oz. phials of 'Tabloid ' Brand products, and a compartment
containing small boxes for the physician's use in distributing requisite
medicaments. Design similar to No. 117 Case.
No. 232. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case
(Physician's Emergency Case)
In Cowhide, con-
taining ' Vaporole '
Brand products,
'Ernutin' products,
'Wellcome' Brand
Chloroform,
a B. W. & Co. All-
Glass Aseptic
Hypodermic
Syringe, ' Tabloid '
Hj'podermic pro-
ducts, stomach
tube, and other
emergency appli-
ances.
' Tabloid ' Brand Medicine Case (Physician's
Emergency Case)
Measuj-ementa : 8j X Sj X 3j in.
CVCLB, KTC, MBDICINK CASKS, 'TABLOIO' BRAND 145
Cycle, Carriage and motor-Car Cases
Medical equipment Chests, etc.
'Tabloid' brand
t* B. w. & Co.]
Special Designs, the property of Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
The word 'TABLOID' is a brand which desigrnates fine
products issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co. This brand should
always be specified when ordering.
'Tabloid' Cycle, Carriage and Motor-Car Cases and Medical
Equipment Chests contain ' Tabloid,' ' Soloid ' and other fine
products of B. W. & Co., minor surgical instru-
menLs and sundry emergency dressings. A great »ener«t
varietj' is prepared to meet the requirements of Pf'cti-
profcssional men in home practice, according
to the extent and the special character of their particular
requirements.
• Tabloid ' Medical Equipment Chests and Cases provide com-
plete portable dispensaries for practitioners in distant stations,
missionaries, explorers and expeditions of all
kinds. For such purposes they are the only really travellers.
satisfactory form of medical equipment, and have ««P'o"f»'
' ^ expeditions,
been universally adopted. In addition to full missions,
supplies of accurate doses of permanent and reli-
able products, these equipments contain minor surgical instru-
ments and dressings.
No. 137. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Saddle-Case
In Cowhide or Pigskin. Meastu-e-
ments: 7i X 4^ x xl in. Fitted
in a similar manner to No. 117
Case (sfe pagt 143), with sixteen
} oz. phials of ' Tabloid ' Brand
No. 137. 'Tabloid' Brand ,
Mbdicisk Saodlb-Cask products, etc.
No. 139. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Saddle-Casb
Similar to No. 137 Case, but fitted with feather-weight tubes. Measure-
ments : 7^ X 4^ X 2) in. In Cowhide or Pigskin.
146
MODERN' MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS
No. 143. 'Tabloid' Brand Medicine Saddle-Case
In Cowhide. Measurements : 8 X 4J X 3 in. Contains 16 phials of
' Tabloid ' Brand Products, etc., and a removable tray for instruments, etc.
(see also page 162).
No. 200. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case
(Physician's Cycle Handle-Bar)
No. 300. 'Tabloid' Brand Medicine Case (Physician's
Cycle Handle-Bar)
In black enamelled Cowhide. Measurements : SJ X 2J X 4! in. Fitted
complete with nine J oz. phials of 'Tabloid' Brand products, etc., minor
surgical instruments, and sundry emergency dressings. Weight, about i J lb.
No. 202. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case
(Physician's Cycle Stay-Bar)
In black enamelled Cowhide. Measurements : 10 X zf X 5 in. Fitted
complete with twelve i oz. phials of ' Tabloid' Brand products, etc., minor
surgical instruments and dressings. Similar in design to No. 200 Case.
MBDICIKB CHBSTS AND CASKS, 'TABLOID' BRAKD I4T
No. 206. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Chest
(As carried by Mr. Thos. Steve.ns^
^ educed faaumile of Na aoS Chest (see belovS). McAsurements:
14} X 4} X 7} in. Made of dressed and varnished raw-hide. Fitted
with twelve 2J ot stoppered bottles of ' Tabloid ' and ' Soloid ' Brand
products, minor instruments, dressings, etc
No. 208. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Chest
No. ao8. ' TAiii.om ' Kkand Mbdicine Chkst
Made of dressed and varnished raw-hide; very light, portable and
liiirable. Measurements: tsi x 5J x 9 in. Fitted with twelve 4 oz.
stoppered bottles of ' Tabloid ' and ' Soloid ' Brand products, instruments,
dressings, etc.
No. 209. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case
In Morocco leather, Cowhide or Pigskin. Measurements: 10 x 5 x
6J in. Cont.iins nine i oz., twenty-four \ oz. and thirteen a dr. phials of
'Tabloid 'and 'Soloid' Brand products; medicine measure, extra pockets,
and loops for instruments; twelve tubes of 'Tabloid" Hy(xxlermic
pro<lucts, a B. W. & Co. Nickel-Plated Hypodermic .Syringe, two
regular steel needles, etc.
No. 216. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case
In Cowhide or Morocco leather. .Measurements : to| x jf x 3) in.
Fitted with nine 1 oz. and twenty-four J oz. phials of ' Tabloid ' and '.Soloid'
Brand Products, loops for minor iiiMrum.-niv, tw.> «. .ll,.i. f,„ books
papers, etc.
148
MODERN MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS
No. 219. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case
In Morocco leather. Measurements : 13^^ X 6 X 6J in. Metal frame.
Contains eight 2 oz. stoppered, ten i oz., twelve 6 dr., eight 4 dr. and ten
2 dr. corked phials. The rows of phials are arranged to fall so as to show
the labels. Fitted with 'Tabloid' and 'Soloid' Brand products, twelve
tubes of 'Tabloid' Hypodermic products, a B. W. & Co. Nickel-Plated
Hypodermic Syringe, with two regular steel needles, etc.
No. 220. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case
In Morocco leather or Cowhide. Measurements : 14 X 5i X oj in.
Phials arranged in tiers to display labels. Contains eight 2 oz. stoppered,
twelve I oz. fourteen 6 dr. and sixteen 4 dr. corked phials of ' Tabloid '
and 'Soloid' Brand products, twelve tubes of 'Tabloid' Hypodermic
products, a B. W. & Co. Nickel-Plated Hypodermic Syringe, two
regular steel needles, space and loops for instruments, etc. Similar in
design to No. 221 Case.
No. 221. 'Tabloid' brand .Medicine Case
No. 221. 'Tabloid' Brand Medicine Case
In extra finish Cowhide, Morocco, Crocodile or Pigskin. Measurements :
14 X 5i X 9J in. Fitted in the same way as No. 220 Case, with the
addition of nine 2 dr. phials of 'Tabloid' and ' Soloid' Brand products,
and a glass-stoppered and capped ether bottle.
No. 227. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case
In Cowhide or Pigskin. Measurements : 6i X 3J X 3 in. Made of two
metal cups and frames covered with leather. Arranged to contain twenty
\\ dr., twelve 1 dr. and fourteen \ dr. tubes of 'Tabloid' and 'Soloid'
Brand products. Weight, about 2 lb. 6 oz.
No. 229. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case
This case is conveniently shaped for packing in trunk, kit-bag or suit
case. Its rounded corners prevent injury to adjacent articles. Measure-
ments : 81 X 5J X 3J in. Made of two metal cups and frames covered
with Cowhide. Arranged to hold forty 4 dr. phials of ' Tabloid ' and
'Soloid ' Brand products. Weight, about 4 lb. 13 oz.
MBDICINR CHBSTS AND CASBS, 'TABLOID' BRAND 140
No. 230. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case
A Morocco leather or Cowhide case, which, when closed, measures
• X si ^ 2^ in. Fitted with ten phials of 'Tabloid' and 'Soloid'
ilranil products, minor surgical instruments, and emergency dressings.
' Tabloid ' Bkano Medicine Case
Conveniently shaped for packing in trunk or bag. This case provides
a remarkably compact and satisfactory outfit of emergency drugs,
instruments and dressings, and will be found of particular utility when
the practitioner is working at some distance.
No. 231. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case
f.'is suggested by Sir W. Moore)
In black japanned
metal. Measurements :
lo} X 7j X 3 in. Contains
fifteen i oz. corked phials,
and one 4 oz. corked
<>ttle ; minor surgical
instruments and dress-
i igs. Complete with
' 1 abloid 'Brand products,
etc., as recommended in
Sir VV. Moore's Manual
'' Family Medicine for
I'nJia. Weight, about
6 lb. t4 oz.
No. 331. ' Tabloid ' Ukano Mkoicink Case
190
MODERN MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS
No. 250. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Chest
As supplied to the late Sir H. M. Stanley, Emin Pasha, Military
Expeditions, Missionaries, etc.)
No. 250. 'Tabloid' Brand Medicine Chest
In japanned sheet-steel. Measurements : 15J x loj X SJ in.
Weight, about 40 lb. Contains six 5 oz. and thirty 3^ oz. glass-stoppered
bottles of 'Tabloid,' ' Soloid ' and other fine products, in movable teak-
wood tray. The lid holds supplies of ' Tabloid ' Bandages and Dressings,
minor surgical instruments and other accessories.
No. 251. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Chest
As supplied to the Jackson-Harmsworth Polar, the National Antarctic
the British Antarctic and other expeditions)
No. 251. 'Tabloid' Brand Medicine Chest
In Aluminium. Measurements: 15J X loj X 8J in. Weight, about 27 lb.
Contains forty 3i oz. feather-weight bottles of ' Tabloid,' ' Soloid ' and
other fine products. In other respects the fitting is the same as No. 250.
The ideal expeditionary chest when lightness and completeness are essential.
MEOICINK CHBSTS AND CASES, 'TABLOIO' BRAND ISl
No. 254. 'Tabloid' brand Mbdicinb Chest (Tk* Indian)
In japanned metal.
Measurements : gi X 7
X 6} in. Contains
sixteen 1} oz. glass-
stoppered bottles, and six
4 dr. phials of ' Tabloid '
and ' Soloid ' Brand
products, instruments
and tray carrying
sundr)' dressings, etc.
Weight, about 13 lb.
As carried by the late
G. W. Steevens, the war
correspondent.
No. 254. 'Tabloid' Brand Medionr Chkst (TAt ItidiaH)
No. 256. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Chest
(As supplied to the Dukb or the Abkuzzi's Polar Expedition)
In Aluminium. Measurements : 10} x 6 X 7} in. Fitted with eighteen
3I oz. feather-weight tubes of 'Tabloid' and 'Soloid' Brand products,
and a tray containing minor dressings and sundries.
A similar chest is supplied in black japanned metal, and is known as
No. 353 Chest. The contents are the same as No. 356 Chest, with the
exception that the ' Tabloid ' and ' Soloid ' Brand products are in glass-
stoppered bottles.
No. 258. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case (The Settler's)
In black japanned metal.
Measurements: 8} X 4^ X
5) in. Contains twelve 1} oz.
bottles of • Tabloid ' and
' Soloid ' Brand products,
' Hazeline ' Cream, ' Tabloid '
Bandages and Dressings,
adhesive plaster and other
accessories. A very compact
and useful case, adapted for
settlers" or planters' use, and
for stations, farms or camps
in ouilying districts.
No. 358. 'Tabloid' Bkand Medicine Case (Tfu Stttltr's)
192
MODERN MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS
No. 603. 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case
Measurements : 6i X sJ X 2 in. Fitted with five oval bottles
of ' Tabloid ' Brand products : Cascara Sagrada, gr. 2 ; Phenacetin
Compound ; Potassium Chlorate and Borax ; Quinine Bisulphate, gr. 2,
and Soda-Mint ; also one bottle of ' Soloid' Boric Acid, gr. 6 (perfumed).
In Rex Red, Royal Blue or Brewster Green Enamelled Metal, or in
Aluminised Metal.
No. 700. 'Tabloid' brand Emergency Belt
Measurements : 43 X 4} in., with buckles and shoulder straps ; seven
waterproof pouches, fitted as follows : Aluminium case of surgical instru-
ments ; aluminium case containing Hypodermic Syringe and ' Tabloid '
Hypodermic products ; twenty-three feather-weight tubes of ' Tabloid '
and ' Soloid ' Brand products ; combined mortar and medicine cup,
emergencj' dressings, etc.
ANTIDOTE Case, 'Tabloid' brand
[a B. w. & Co.]
Special Design, the property of Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
The word 'Tabloid' is a brand which designates fine products
issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co. This brand should always
be specified when ordering.
A compact equipment, containing apparatus and drugs
ready for immediate use in the treatment of poisoning.
No. 300.
No. 300. 'Tabloid' brand Antidote Case
Measurements: 12 x 6 X 3in.
Fitted with stomach syphon-
tube, catheter, a B. W. & Co.
Nickel - Plated Hypodermic
.Syringe, two needles,
' Tabloid ' Hypodermic pro-
ducts, ' Vaporole ' Amy!
Nitrite, and toxicological
chart ; also eighteen \ oz.
phials and three tubes of
, r> • 'Tabloid' Brand antidotes.
>iD Brand Antidote
Case etc.. etc.
ANALYSIS CASES, 'SOLOIO' BRAND US
ANALYSIS Cases, 'Soloid* brand
[» B. W. & Co.]
Special Designs, the property of Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
The word 'SOLOID ' is a brand which designates fine products
issued by Burroughs Wellcome Si Co. This brand should always
be specified when ordering.
No. 500. 'SOLOID' BRAND WATER ANALYSIS CASE
This convenient hand-case supplies the apparatus, reagents,
etc., necessary for examining samples of drinking- Analysis
water at the source of supply, and for drawing up " source
the usual reports concerning the suitability of the water for
domestic purposes.
Mc-isurements : la} X lo^ X 4J in. Contains a nickel evaporating
basin, Erlenmeyer flask, tripod, spirit-lamp, 100 c.c. and other graduated
cylinders, capsules of ' Soloid ' Brand Nessler's Solution, ' Soloid '
Brand products of
Metaphenylene-
diamine Sulphate,
Potassium Chromate,
Potassium Ferrocya-
nide, Po tassi um
Permanganate, Silver
Nitrate, Soap, Sodium
Acid Sulphate, Zinc
Dust, etc.
I n case of breaka>;>'
tAe VL'koU or any single
piece of the apparatus
may be obtained sepa-
rately. The supply of
' Soloid * reagenu may No. 500. ' Soloid ' LkA.-.u Water Analysis
be renewed. Casb
No. 502. 'Soloid' brand Water and Sewage
Analysis Case
In polished Mahogany. Measurements: 18} X it| x 5} in. Conuins a
complete ojuipment qiecially adapted for examination of water and of
sewra^^c cffl\icnts. It is fitted with a supply of the necessary reagents and
apparatus, including a ipadal distillation outfit for the estimation of
ammonia.
FuU particuiart 0/ ih«*€ tmd *tA*r txampUt mmt em rtfmnt
154
MODERN MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS
No. 505. 'SOLOID' BRAND BACTERIOLOGICAL CASE
No. 505. 'Soloid' Bkand Bacteriological Case
Measurements ; 5 X 3^ X if in.
This case enables medical men to carry out examinations which
formerly were usually submitted to laboratory workers. Owing
to its small size and light weight it can readily be carried in the
pocket to the patient's bedside, to obtain a blood specimen or
a throat swab. In nickel-plated metal with doeskin cover,
easily rendered aseptic, and containing : —
Three stoppered bottles, contain-
ing:—
Methyl alcohol, dr. ij
Absolute alcohol, dr. ij
Distilled water, dr. i§
Rod-stoppered bottle of Canada
balsam
Graduated pipette
Cover-glass forceps
Dissection forceps
Twelve microscopic slides
Spirit-lamp
Glass funnel
Two watch-glasses
Packet of filter papers
Metal case of needles (straight
No. 9)
Supply of blood-collecting
pipettes
Fifty cover-slips
Glass rod for powdering micro-
scopic stains, etc.
Sterile swab
One tube each of the following
' Soloid ' stains : —
Eosin, Methyl Violet, Fuchsine,
Romanowsky Stain, Eosin-
Methylene Blue, Methylene
Blue, Hsmalum, Toison
Blood Fluid.
BLOOD AND URINE TEST CASKS, 'sOLOID' BRAND US
No. 506. 'SOLOID' BRAND BLOOD TEST CASE
Conuining ' Soloid ' Brand Romanowsky Microscopic Stain (Leishman's
Powder), one ao c.c drop bottle, two lo &c. stoppered phials of Methyl
\lcohol, 1 cc. pipette, grease pencil, and vest pocket-c.ise contain-
ing six microscopic
slides and Hagedom
needle in carbolised
alcohol. The Hage-
dorn needle and
microscopic slides
are in a separate box
which may, if
separately required,
be carried in the vest
pocket. In nickel-
plated metal, with
doeskin cover.
No. 5 : ' Brand Bt.ooD Test Cask
LiM : 4 X 3} X 1) In.
No. 510. 'SOLOID' BRAND URINE TEST CASE
The clinical importance of urine analysis is fully recognised.
This case provides, in a most compact and con-
venient form, the requirements for making an »n"?ysit
examination of urine at the bedside. Owinc to "'de at
their purity and accuracy, the ' Soloid Brand
products contained in this case provide reliable test solutions
without any weighing whatever being necessitated.
In nickel-plated metal, which is easily rendered aseptic. It contains
a complete set of
materials for making an
examination of urine,
both qualitative and
quantiutive, for albu-
min, sugar, etc. The
outfit includes a urino-
meter, Esb.nch's albu-
minimeter, a gr.-tdtiated
measure, pipette, test-
tubes and stand, test-
i'apers, spirit - lamp,
iiialysis charts, and a
' ' ipply of 'Soloid '
including
^s Test, Indigo
' SoLuiLi ' Brand Urink Tiut lest. Picric Acid,
*"■*** Potassium Ferro-
M»..v.r.n,.nt. sj X s} X ij In cyanide and Citric
Acid. Kach portion of the apparatus can also be obtained separately.
Complete with doeskin cover.
510,
156
FIRST-AID, 'tabloid' BRAND
?2S 'TABLOID' BRAND FIRST-AID
For AuTOMOBiLiSTS, Aviators, Aeronauts. Yachts-
men, Sportsmen, Travellers, Tourists, etc.
[i!f B. W. & Co.]
Special Designs, the property of Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
The word 'Tabloid' is a brand which designates fine products
issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
These equipments provide compact, complete outfits of emer-
gency medicines, dressings and first-aid accessories. Portable
and convenient, they comprise ideal outfits for motorists,
cyclists, aviators, aeronauts, yachtsmen and explorers.
No. 702. 'Tabloid' brand First-Aid
No. 702. 'Tabloid' Brand First-Aid
In Rex Red, Royal Blue or Brewster Green Enamelled Leather. Measure-
ments : 7 X 5J X 2f in. Contains eight tubes of ' Tabloid ' and ' Soloid '
Brand products, ' Vaporole ' Aromatic Ammonia, for use as "Smelling
Salts," ' Borofax,' ' Hazeline ' Cream, sal volatile, Carron oil (solidified),
' Tabloid ' Bandages and Dressings, tourniquet, jaconet, plaster, protective
skin, scissors, pins, etc., etc.
No. 706. 'Tabloid' brand Pocket First-Aid
Measurements : 3J
X 3 X J in. Contains
' Tabloid ' Bandage,
boric gauze, Carron
oil (solidified),
' Vaporole ' Aromatic
Ammonia, for use as
" Smelling Salts," ad-
hesive plaster, court
plaster, jaconet, pins,
a card of contents,
etc. In Aluminium.
No. 706. ' Tabloid ' Brand Pocket First-Aid
■ As carried by M. Louis Paulhan in his aeroplane flight from London to
Manchester, April 27-28, 1910.
FIRST-AID, 'tabloid' BRAND
107
No. 707. 'Tabloid' brand First-aid
In Rex Red, Royal Blue or
Brewster Green Enamelled
Metal, orin Aluminised Metal.
Measurements : 6i x si x a in.
Contains seven tubes of
' Tabloid ' and ' Soloid '
Brand products, ' Vaporole "
Aromatic Ammonia,
for use as "Smelling Salts,"
' Borofax,* Carron oil
(solidified) and jaconet, castor
oil, ' Tabloid ' Bandages and
Dressings, pl.-uster. protective
skin, scissors, pins, etc., etc.
707. ' Tabi-oiu ' Brand First-Aid
No. 708. 'Tabloid* brand First-Aid
(The Nurse's)
No. 708. 'Tahloio' Bkakd First-Aid
In Rex Red, Royal Blue
or Brewster Green Enam-
elled Metal, or in Alumin-
ised Metal. Measure-
ments : 6^ X 3^ X 3 in.
Contains 'Tabloid'
Bandages and Dressings,
' Vaporole ' Aromatic Am-
monia, for use as " Smell-
ing Salts," ' Borofax,*
Carron oil (solidified),
jaconet, plaster, protec-
tive skin, camel - hair
brush, pins, etc., and
two tubes of ' Tabloid
and ' Soloid ' Brand
products. With webbing
strap for attaching to
belt or cycle.
No. 709. 'Tabloid' brand First-Aid
(The Boy Scout's)
In Rex Red or Royal Blue Enamelled Metal. Measurements:
i :< a in. Contains 'Tabloid ' Bandages and Dressings, ' Vaporole '
':c Ammonia, for use as "Smelling Salts," 'Borofax,' Cirron oil
'ed), jaconet, plaster, protective skin, camel-hair brush, pins, etc
W'iik webbing strap for attaching to belt or cycle.
158
FIRST-AID, 'TABLOID BRAND
No. 710. 'Tabloid' brand First-Aid
Measurements : 4 X 3^ X
f in. Contains ' Tabloid '
Bandage, 'Tabloid'
Cotton, 'Tabloid'
Boric Gauze and Swab,
' Vaporole' Aromatic Am-
monia, for use as "Smell-
ing Salts," 'Borofax'
Boric Acid Ointment,
Carron oil (solidified),
adhesive plaster, court
plaster, etc. In Scarlet
Enamelled Metal.
No. 710. 'Tabloid' Brand First-Aid
No. 715. 'Tabloid' brand First-Aid
In Rex Red, Royal Blue or Brewster Green Enamelled Metal, or in
Aluminised or Black Japanned Metal.
Measurements : jl
X 4i X 2 in. Con-
tains eight tubes of
'Tabloid' and
' Soloid ' Brand pro-
ducts, 'Vaporole'
Aromatic Ammonia,
for use as "Smelling
Salts," ' Borofax,' sal
volatile, Carron oil
(solidified), castor
oil, ' Tabloid '
Bandages and Dress-
ings, jaconet, plaster,
protective skin,
No. 715. ' Tabloid ' Brand First-Aid scissors, pins, etc.
riM8T-AID, 'tabloid' BRAND
ise
No. 730. 'Tabloid' brand First-Aio
(Wall cas« for Offices, Theatres, Assembly Halls, etc.)
Measurements : 16} x 10} X 3^ in. Contains ' Tabloid ' Bandages and
Oressinga, ' Borofax Roric Acid Ointment, Carron oil, sal volatile.
No. 73a 'Tabloid* Brand Fikst-Aid
' Hazeline,' 'Haieiine' Cream, " ' Haieline ' Snow," 'Vaporole' Aromatic
Ammonia, for use as "Smelling Sails," adhesive plaster, court plaster,
i-» >rv, forceps, camel-hair brushes, safety-pins, etc., and to phials of
' Tabloid ' and ' Soleid ' Brand products.
In Mahogany, with glass front.
160
FIRST-AID, 'TABLOID BRAND
some characteristic
•Tabloid* and 'Soloid" cases
For Hypodermic, Ophthalmic, Dispensing,
Analytical and First -A id use
On thcM; four pages are prcsontetl facsimile reproductions in
natural colours of some characteristic "Tabloio' and 'Soi.oiu'
) juipmcnls. Further ])articulars of these Cases will Ix; found
on the pages indicated under the illustrations.
No.
Avii-iu, Hypodermic 'Tabloid' brand
Pocket-Case (Registertd)
(The Mussel Shell)
rittnl with a It. W. Sc Co. AU^^laui
Aseptic Hypwlcriuic Syringe
In Nickel-plated Metal, with
Uueskiii Ctiver
Measurements: 3J >< i I x J in.
• Iilufcl' Awplk Hypodcniik P<x:ket-Case
l-or j'uU lUiails, set '^' Modern Medical Equiptiieuts" f>age 140
\sHPTi<: Ophthalmic 'Tabloid' brand
Pocket-Cask (Registered)
Fhted with 'Tabluiir ami 'Soloid'
Oplilhalinic products. Camel-
Hair Brushes. Mortar and
Pe«le, etc.
In N'ickel-pUled Metal, with
Doeskin Cover
Mea.Mireineitts : a i x 1 1 x I in-
N... .» I\.l>l..i.|- 1 iphilLiliiiic Pocket^CaM!
For full ,1- Modern Medicnl K^ttt^mtnts," ^ag€ 141
SOME CHARACTERISTIC 'TABLOID'
No. 143 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Saddle-Case
( Dust-Pfoo/) (Registered)
A compact case,
suitable for carrying
on liorseback. Sup-
plied in Cowhide.
No M3 'Tabloid' Medicine Saddle-Case
Measurements: 8 x 4J x 3 in.
For full details, see ^'Modern Medical Equipments" />age 146
No. 1.^3 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Pocket-Case
A uniiiue case
for the pocket. The
outside is perfectly
flush. Body of
metal, covered with
Cowhide or Black
Morocco Leather.
No. 133 ■ lahloi.l Mi-.licim- I'ucket-L.isc (Cuwhidcl
Measurements: 65x4^x1^ in.
For full details, see '''Modern Medical Equipments.'' page 144
AND 'SOLOIO' CASKS
No. 216 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case {Registered)
Supplieil al!Mj in
Muruccu Leather
Measurements:
loi X 5] X 3{in.
N... irio i..U..i.r Me<licine Case (CuwIiuIp)
P»r full details, see "Modem Metiicnl Equipments," page 147
No. 232 'Tabloid' brand Medicine Case {Kegistered)
Cunuiin Ihosc iiistfu-
xnis aiKl ilrui[k mint
'- juisilr for u»e in an
iKTijency. A couipSi.t
|«>rublc uuttil.
No. 933 'TabluitI' .Mnliciiie Cose (Cowhidol OoHd
Measiireinent& :8|x5)x3|in.
Forjiiil d*ttuU, set " Modtrm M*dical Equipments," page 144
SOMK CHARACTERISTIC CASKS
No. 510 'SOLOin' BRAND Urinb Test Case
(Registdreii)
No. 510 ' Soloiil ' Urino
Test Case
(Nickel-plated Metal)
Mea-surements :
SJ X 2j X I J in.
Complete with
Doeskin Cover
For full details, see ^'Modern Medical Equipments," page 155
No. 702 'Tabloid' brand First-Aid (Registered)
In Rex Red, Royal Blue or Brewster Green
Enamelled Leather
Measurements :
7 X 5 J X 2 i in.
No. 702 'Tabloid' First-Aid (Brewster C.rcen Enamelled Leather)— Open
For full details, see "Modern Medical Equipments," page 156
ftX/}^ PRODUCTS
Standardise dispensing
ALL Over the World
No matter when or where the physician's prescriptions
are dispensed, the patient will receive medicaments of
the same standard of activity, accuracy and dosage,
sc long as the products of Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
are specified.
B. W. & Co. have Offices and Warehouses in every
Continent, and Depots in every civilised community.
Their products are stocked by, or are within the reach
of, every Pharmacist.
Dangerous Abbreviation
The words ' Tabloid ' and ' Soloid ' should
always be written in full to ensure the supply
of genuine — B. W. & Co. — products.
When ordering a certain product an abbreviation
may bring you what you do not want, and thereby
cause serious disappointment.
To write any contraction of ' Tabloid ' or
' Soloid,' when these brands are intended, intro-
duces an element of doubt. Why take the risk ?
Behind the brands ' Tabloid ' and ' Soloid ' are
years of research, experience and endeavour — the
whole foundation of Burroughs Wellcome & Co.'s
reputation.
When 'Tabloid' or 'Soloid' is
written, in whatever part of the world the prescrip-
tion is dispensed, the patient will receive the same
genuine products of uniform strength and unvarying
activity compounded with exceptional accuracy from
ingredients of the highest standard of purity.
It is best and safest, therefore, to write the word
in full, thus —
'^ QJtx//o^
The Products of Burroughs Wellcome A Co. are guaranteed by them
under the Food and Drugs Act, June 30, 1906.—Serial Mo. 3394
'Alaxa' Aromatic Liqaear of Cascara Sagrada DOSE
(Tra^e Afark)
An aromatic liqueur which presents the tonic One-half to
laxative properties of cascara sa^^ada in a two teaspoon-
pleasant and acceptable form. fuls.
Alkaloids, ' Wellcome ' Brand (see pages 247-262^
Ammonium Chloride Inhaler, 'Vaporole' Brand
(see page 2.\S)
Analysis Cases, ' Soloid ' Brand (see pages 153-155^
Analysis Charts, packets of 25.
Anssthetics, Local (see ' Tabloid ' Hypodermic Anaesthetic
Compounds, /a^Y 178^
Antidote Case, 'Tabloid' Brand (see page 152^
* Aol,' a derivative of Santalum album (see ' Tabloid '
( TraJt Mark) Brand products, page 2O&J
Arylarsonates (see ' Soam\n,' page 197 J
Bacteriological Case. 'Soloid' Brand (see page 154;
Bandages, Pleated Compressed, 'Tabloid' Brand
(see page 169^
'Bivo' Beef and iron Wine
■ /V,!,//- ^far^■)
KcslorallTc and stimulant. Possesses exceptional properties
which distinguish it from ovdinary beef-wines.
Pharmacopttial prepeu-ations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
REMEMBER THE
168 TRADE MARKS FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
' Borofax ' brand Boric Acid Ointment
(Trade Mark)
An emollient, possessing antiseptic and sedative properties.
' Brockedon ' Products
Burroughs Wellcome & Co. are the successors to, and sole
proprietors of, the business of BROCKEDON, who, in
1842, ORIGINATED COMPRESSED MEDICINES in
the shape of bi-convex discs — issued under the designation
of Compressed Pills.
' Brockedon ' Brand Bicarbonate of Soda, in boxes of three sizes
,, ,, ,, ,, Potass ,, ,,
,, ,, Chlorate ,, ,, ,, ,,
Chemicals, 'Wellcome' Brand (see pages 2dtT -262 j
CHESTS AND CASES (B. W. & Co.)
A comprehensive selection of chests and cases is prepared
and issued under the 'Tabloid' and 'Soloid' Brands, fitted
with medicines for every variety of climate, and varying in
size and contents, from the fully-equipped chests containing
supplies sufficient for medical officers to expeditions, etc.,
down to the compact pocket-cases suited to the needs of the
private practitioner.
Analysis Cases, 'Soloid' Brand (seepage 153 j
Antidote Case, 'Tabloid' Brand (see page 152 J
Antiseptic Cases, ' Soloid ' Brand
Fitted with from four to eighteen containers of ' Soloid '
Brand antiseptics.
Bacteriological Case, 'Soloid' Brand (see page 154J
Blood Test Case, ' Soloid ' Brand (see page \^'-))
First-Aid, 'Tabloid' Brand (see pages 156-160^
Hypodermic Pocket=Cases, 'Tabloid' Brand (see
pages isy-Hiy*
Medicine Chests and Cases, ' Tabloid ' Brand (see
pages 142-152^
Urine Test Case, ' Soloid ' Brand (see page 155^
Pharmacopaial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
mitlHMII THt
rssuBO BY n. w. AND CO. "ntf. MMm 160
Compound Menthol Snuff (B. W. & Co.) (see
fa-^e 1S5V
Dental Hypodermic Syringe, The B. W. & Co.
DRESSINGS, SURGICAL
:s; 'TABLOID' BRAND
Pleated Compressed Dressings were originated and introduced by
Burroughs Wellcome A Co.
The word 'TABLOlD'isa brand which designates fine products
issued by Burroug-bs Wellcome & Co. To ensure the supply of
pure and reliable preparations, this brand should always be
specified when ordering.
The introduction of ' Tabloid ' Pleated Compressed Bandages
an<l Dressings marks an important advance in the preparation
of surgical accessories. These bandages and dress-
ings are made of materials of the finest quality, and i"»anc*"'
are subjected to great pressure under which each
assumes a rectangular shape. After compression, each is
automatically wrapped in an imper\ions covering of parchment
paper.
The superiority of ' Tabloid ' Dressings over the ordinary
variety is very marked, not only in convenience and com-
pactness, but also in quality of materials. Notwithstanding
Onpblc r«pr<«aatatKio (oos-bKlt ariusl nz«), •bowinjt
tta« rsiktlT* bulk of an onltaary and a Tabloid' Baoda4«
Each < yard* x S) icoh
the great saving in space thus effected by means of com-
pression, ' Tabloid ' Dressings are yet as easily unfolded as
those in ordinary use. Other advantages are their freedom
I'harmacopaial preparcUions are U.S.F. unicss otkerwist stated
REMEMBER THE
170 TRADE MARKS FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
Dressings, 'Tabloid' Bran d — continued
from contamination, exceptional evenness of medication, and
extreme compactness which enables them easily to be carried
in the hand-bag, saddle- or cycle-case.
The illustration on page 169, representing an ordinary and a
pleated bandage, graphically demonstrates the striking differ-
ence in their relative size, and renders apparent the consequent
economy in space effected by the use of ' Tabloid ' Pleated
Compressed Bandages and Dressings, while their flattened sides
enable them, even bulk for bulk, to be packed still more closely
and compactly than the old-fashioned rounded roller-bandage
in common use.
' Tabloid ' Surgical Dressings are also issued sterilised in
special impervious coverings. By means of these sterilised
pleated bandages and dressings the last requirements of
modern surgical practice are adequately and conveniently
provided for.
The following are issued in packages of i dozen : — ■
Absorbent Cotton between Gauze, Pleated Com-
pressed, ' Tabloid ' Brand —
In 2 ounce packets.
Bandages, Pleated Compressed, ' Tabloid ' Brand-
Open Wove, I in. X 6 yds.
,, ,, 2 J in. X 6 yds.
Flannel, 2\ in. x 5 yds.
Triangular (Esmarch's Pictorial), in packets of 2 bandages
Carbolised Tow, Pleated Compressed, ' Tabloid '
Brand —
In 2 ounce packets.
Cotton, Pleated Compressed, 'Tabloid' Brand-
Absorbent, \ ounce, in packets of 4 (not supplied
sterilised)
„ I and 2 ounce packets
Boric, I and 2 ,, ,,
Double Cyanide, 3%, I and 2 ,, ,,
Iodoform, i and 2 ,, ,,
Pharmacopmal preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
ISSUKO BV B.
miiiHain th(
TRAM HMIM
171
Dreaslnrtf 'Tabloid' Bran d — coHttHmtd
Gauzes, ' Tabloid ' Brand—
Al)s<>rl>cnt, in packets of 3 yds. (compressed)
Hismuth, in cartons of 6, I in. x i yd. , sterilised oniy
., ,. 2 in.
3 in-
,, in packets of 36 in.
1 in.
2 in.
3 in.
1 in.
2 in.
3 in.
Boric, in packets of 3 yds. (compressed)
Double Cyanide, 3%, ,, ,, 3 yds. .,
I yd.
I yd-
3 yds. (compressed)
6 yds. ,,
6 yds. „
6 yds.
12 yds. ,,
12 yds. ,,
12 yds.
Iodoform,
Sal Alembroth, l%,
yd.
3 yds.
6 yds.
3 yds.
Lint, Pleated Compressed, 'Tabloid' Brand-
Plain, I and 2 ounce packets
Boric, t .ind 2 ,, ,,
Carbolised, i ,, ,,
Effervescent Medicinal Substances, ' Tabloid '
Brand-
In ihe preparation of 'Tabloid' Effervescent products, only
ingredients of exceptional purity are employed, and special
methods are adopted to retain their effervescent properties.
On account of their relatively small surface, the ' Tabloid '
products are much less liable to deterioration than the ordinary
granular preparations. Mixed with water they promptly render
irauglus of a refreshingly effervescent nature and accurate
,M>sology. (See 'Tabloid' Brand Effervescent Products,
fage 21J)
?ffl 'ELIXOID' BRAND PRODUCTS
The word 'ElixoiO' is a brand which desig^nates fine products
issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co. This brand should always
be specified when ordering.
' El-ixolu ' Brand Products are elegant and acceptable fluid
preparations of im()ortant medicaments to which agreeable
PhartHcuo/xticU preparations art U.S. P. unless otktrwise stated
REMEMBER THE
172 TR»DE MARKS FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Elixoid' Brand Product s— continued
flavours have been imparted without in any degree diminish-
ing their physiological activity.
'ELIXOID' BRAND—
„ Ammonium Valerate, in bottles of 8 Imperial fl. oz. —
Each fluid drachm contains Ammonium Valerate, gr. 2.
„ Formates Compound, in bottles of 4 Imperial fl. oz. —
Each fluid ounce contains : Calcium Formate, gr. 12 ;
Sodium Formate, gr. 6; and Magnesium Formate, gr. 6.
„ Glycerophosphates, in bottles of 4 Imperial fl. oz.—
Each fluid ounce contains : Calcium Glycerophosphate,
gr. 4 ; Sodium Glycerophosphate, gr. 2 ; Potassium
Glycerophosphate, gr. 2 ; and Magnesium Glycerophos-
phate, gr. I.
„ Mucin, in bottles of 4 Imperial fl. oz. —
Each fluid drachm contains Mucin, in suspension, gr. 2\.
„ Phosphates of Iron, Quinine and Strychnine
„ Pine Tar Compound, in bottles of 4 Imperial fl. oz. —
A pleasantly-flavoured preparation containing Tar, ' Pinol,'
Terpin Hydrate, Wild Black Cherry, Tolu and Ipecac
in a convenient and acceptable form.
Also various olher prepa7-aiions issued wide?- the ''Elixoid'' Brand
'-".'SI 'ENULE' BRAND RECTAL
SUPPOSITORIES
The word ' E N U L E ' is a brand which designates fine products
issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
The ' Enule ' Rectal Suppository possesses conspicuous
advantages over those of the ordinary conical shape, which are
difficult to introduce, and may even be expelled. 'Enule'
Suppositories are encased in sheaths of pure tinfoil, easily
stripped off at the moment of using. They contain accurate
doses of pure drugs, the active principles of which are evenly
diffused throughout the mass, and they retain the full activity
of the medicament for long periods of time.
Pharmacopoeial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
ISSUBD BV B.
mHIMBtn THt
TIUO€ HMKa
ITS
Enule' Brand Rectal Suppositorie %—c0ntiHtted
SdoI* ' Brmud Rectal Sappoaltory
•ft«r removal of (taeaita.
IHHHHIP '
' Bnula ' Brand Boetal Suppoiitor;
ibowini Shaath of pure tinfoil
Tbia ibape oriiinatad \>j Burrou|h« Wellcome k Co.
PROF. CASPARI, in his Treatise on Pharmacy, says:—
" The usual shnpe of rectal suppositories is that of a cone with a rounded
i>ex, but the difficulty of readily introtlucing them into the rectum has led
■ the designing of a new shape by H. S. Wellcome, of London,
:ae great ads'antaees of which become apparent when it is _ .
remembered that the bulbous end is inserted into the rectum, op'imon
and that, as soon as the greatest diameter has been passed,
expulsion of the suppository is impossible by reason of the
very contractile force of the sphincter muscle, which renders retention of
the ordinary conical shape often so difficult."
Each kind is issued in boxes of one dozen (of one strength)
•ENULE' BRAND—
DIRECTION
No.
„ 26.
Belladonna Extract gr. 1/4
As required
„ 27.
gr. 1/2
As required
,. 9-
Bismuth SuV^allate gr. 10
As required
M 14-
Cocaine Hydrochloride gr. 1/2
As required
M 25.
Gall and Opium
9 Acidi Tannici gr. 3
Ext. Opii gr. 1/4
As required
1-
Glycerin (Anhyd.), 95 7o Children's size
As required
M 2.
Glycerin (.\nhyd.), 95% Adults' size
As required
.. 5-
• 11 azeline ' Compound
Containing ' Haieline," Extract of Hamameli
and Zinc Oxide. (.?#* also ' Hazeline
Suppositories)
As required
„ 28.
Lead and Opium
9 Plumlii Aceuitis gr. 3
Pulv. Opii ... ... ... gr. I
As required
M 3-
.. 4-
Meat, Predigested Children's size 1
,, ,, Adults' size j
As required
Containing gr. 8| and gr, 15, respectively, of
concentrated peptone from choice fresh beef.
., 6. Milk, Predigested Children's size \ . • ,
.,7. ., ,. Adults' size / ^^ required
Containing gr. to and gr. 18, respectively, of
concentrated peptone from new milk.
Phcurmacopctiai preparations are U.S. P. unlets otherwise stewed
REMEMBER THE
174 TRADE MARKS FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Enule' Brand Rectal Suppositorie s — continued
' ENULE ' BRAND — DIRECTION
No.
,, 29. Morphine and Belladonna ... ... As required
5: Morphinas Hydrochloridi ... gr. 1/4
Ext. Belladonnse gr. 1/2
,, 16. Morphine Hydrochloride gr. 1/4 ... As required
,, 17- J J J, gr. 1/2 ... As required
,, 18. ,, ,, gr. I ... As required
,, 20. Opium Extract ... gr. I ..: As required
,, 13. Quassin, Amorphous gr. 1/2 ... One on each
The bitter principle of quassia wood, of at least
used in the treatment of thread- 12 successive
worms, especially in children. nights
,, 8. Quinine Bisulphate ... gr. 5 ... As required
,, 21. Santonin ... ... gr. 3 ... As required
,, 23. Soap Compound ... ... ... As required
5 Saponis Animalis gr. 7
Sodii Sulphatis Exsiccati ... gr. 7
Also other products issued tinder the ' £nu/e ' Brand
' Enule ' Brand Rectal Suppositories must be stored in a cool and
dry place.
rs^ 'EPININE' PRODUCTS
'Epinine' (3 : 4-dihydroxyphenylethylmethylamine), i in icx)
' Epinine,' the synthetic haemostatic, introduced and prepared
by Burroughs Wellcome & Co., posse.sses the characteristic
sympatho-mimetic action of supra-renal extract. Compared
with adrenine, its pressor activity in the cat was found to be
I : 10, while the rise of blood-pressure produced by ' Epinine '
persists longer than that produced by a dose of adrenine which
raises the pressure to an equal maximum. In all other respects,
the action of ' Epinine ' is similar to that of the natural supra-
renal active principle.
The uses of ' Epinine ' correspond in every respect to those
of the natural extract — principally hemostatic and .styptic.
Being a synthetic preparation, forming crystalline salts, the
chemical purity of ' Epinine ' can be guaranteed, and its
solutions may be sterilised without undergoing decomposition.
Pharmacopeeial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
IMMCIiaU TNI
ISSUED BV H. W. AND CO. flUM tumtd 176
' E p i n I n e ' — coHtintud
In amber-coloured stoppered botlles containing lo cc. and
25 cc
./ lup^ly of ' Soloid' Sodium Chloride, 0-23 gni., /or preparing normal
saline solution, is included with each bottle.
'Epicaine' (Trade Mark) (' Epinine ' and Cocaine Hydro-
chloride), presents special and ob\nous advantages, and renders
possible a practically painless and bloodless minor surger)'.
In amber-coloured stoppered bottles containing 10 cc.
' Epinine,' ' Vaporole ' Brand, see page 244
' Epicaine,' 'Vaporole' Brand, see page 245
IT. 'ERNUTIN' BRAND PRODUCTS
The characteristic effects on the uterus and blood-pressure, for
liie induction of which ergot is exhibited, are due to certain active
principles, which have lieen isolated at the Wellcome Physio-
logical Research Laboratories. Many ergot preparations
contain little or none of these principles, and give n^ative
or even harmful results.
' Ernutin ' products present the active therapeutic principles
of ergot, in a state of purity which hitherto has never been
ipproached. They are free from undesirable concomitants,
ind produce exact therapeutic effects. * Ernutin,' controlled
in manufacture, is finally subjected to physiolc^cal standardisa-
tion, by observation of its effects upon the uterus and blood-
pressure, and has, therefore, a constant and unvarying strength.
* Ernutin' (Oral)— In i, 4 and 16 fl. oz. dose
amix-r-coloured stoppered bottles. 30to6ominims
' Ernutin ' (for Hypodermic use) (j« * Vaporole '
' Ernutin,' page 245)
For full particulars of the pharmacology and therapeutics of 'Ernutin '
products, see special booklet.
Ether, in hermetically-sealed glass capsules, each containing
n)in. 60.
' Eucalyptia,' pure oil of Eucalyptus globulus —
ilrade Mark) Respiratory disinfectant and deodorant.
Bottles containing 2 Imperial fl. oz.
FIrst-Aid, 'Tabloid* Brand (see pages i^-i6o)
(iauzes, 'Tabloid' Brand (seepage 171 j
Qlycerin 'Enule' Suppositories (seepage 173)
Pharnuuopatial prepcurations are U.S. P. imless otherwise stated
REMEMBER THE
176 TRADE MARKS FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
rj'HAZELINE' PRODUCTS
DOSK
'Hazeline' Brand An anodyne and styptic dr. i to
Hamainelis virgini- fluid obtained by dis- dr. 3
ana, in 4 and 16 lillation from tlie fresh
Imperial fl. oz. young twigs,
bottles.
'Hazeline' Cream, in Combines • anodyne —
collapsible tubes and astringent and emol-
glass pots. lient properties.
'Hazeline' Soap, in Contains pure 'Hazeline.' —
boxes of 3 tablets.
"'Hazeline' Snow," A non-greasy preparation, —
{Trade Mark) owing its astringent,
in glass pots. soothing and healing
properties to the pre-
sence of a high percen-
tage of ' Hazeline.'
'Hazeline' Supposi- Contain pure 'Hazeline.' One as
tories, in boxes of 12. required
(See also ' Enule ' ' Hazeline ' Compound, page 173)
Also other preparations issued under the ' Hazeliiie ' Brand
HYPODERMIC APPARATUS
Syringes
All-Qlass Aseptic Hypodermic Syringe,
The B. W. & Co.
Barrel, piston and nozzle consist entirely of glass. The
solid piston obviates any necessity for packing. May
be instantly taken apart and sterilised. In four sizes,
min. 15, min. 20, min. 60, or i c.c, with two steel
needles. A detachable finger-grip (nickel-plated), entirely
distinct from the working parts of the syringe, can be
supplied. A ' Tabloid ' Brand Detachable Sheath-Grip is
also issued for use with this syringe.
(If desired, platino-iridium needles can be fitted)
All-Glass Aseptic Hypodermic Syringe (H Pattern),
The B. W. & Co.
Constructed specially for intramuscular iniection. Min. 20
or min. 40, each with two intramuscular steel needles.
Pharmacopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
■ IMIMUR TMe
ISSUKU BV B. W. AND CO. T«AO€ Uian 177
Hypodermic A pparatu •—«»»'»»««"''
S Y K I N ( ; Ks— contittiied
Dental Hypodermic Syringe, The B. W. &.Co.
Made of solid metal throughout ; therefore durable and easily
rendered aseptic. Min. 30, with adjustable finger-grip,
three needle-attaclinients, and three steel needles ;
complete in nickel-plated metal case, with doeskin cover.
Hypodermic Syringe, The B. W. & Co.
Solid Silver. Nozzle detachable, so that the solution of a
' Tabloid ' Hypodermic product may be eflfected in the
barrel. With two platino-iridium needles, in case.
Capacity, min. 20.
Hypodermic Syringe, The B. W. & Co.
Nickel-plated. With two regular steel needles and finger-
grip. Capacity, min. 15 or min. 20.
(If desired, platino-iridium needles can be fitted)
Mercury Succinimide Outfit, The B. W. & Co.
I'or treatment with Mercuric Succinimide.
Contents —
The B. W. & Co. All-Glass Aseptic Syringe (H pattern),
min. 20.
Two Platino-iridium Needles.
Two tubes ' Tabloid ' Hypodermic No. 98, Mercuric
Succinimide, gr. 1/5. Complete in metal case.
Serum Syringe, The B. W. & Co. All-Qlass Aseptic
The working; parts are composed entirely of glass, the needle
being attached to the nozzle by a flexible rubber joint which
guards against fracture. In five sizes, 2 c.c, 3 c.c, Sec,
10 c.c. or 25 c.c, with two steel needles, in metal case.
(If d(>sire<l, platino-iridium needles can be fittetl)
Serum Syringe, The B. W. & Co. Nickel-plated
In nickel-plated metal case, complete, with two special
platino-iridium needles, capacity 5 c.c. or 10 c.c
Needles for B. W. dc Co. Syringes
(Full list, etc., sent on reqtust)
J 'harmacofaeial preparations are U.S.P. unless otherwise stated
REMEMBER THE
178 TRADE HARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
HYPODERMIC PRODUCTS
T^l 'TABLOID' BRAND
The word 'Tabloid' isabrand which designates fine products
issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co. This brand should always
be specified when ordering.
"They are quite free from objectionable and irritative salts."
— British Medical Journal.
"They are very soluble and not at all irritating." — Lancet.
'Tabloid' Hypodermic products accurately contain the stated
weight of pure medicament. They are rapidly soluble, of
uniform activity, and they keep perfectly.
PREPARATION STRENGTH
'TABLOID' BRAND
(Hypodermic) —
No.
,, 36 Aconitine Nitrate ... gr. 1/640
,, 71. *Anaesthetic Compound, A
"^ Cocainae Hydrochloridi... gr. i/io
Morphinse Hydrochloridi gr. 1/50
Sodii Chloridi gr. 9/10
,, 70. * Anaesthetic Compound, B
5i Cocainas Hydrochloridi... ,gr. i/s
Morphina; Hydrochloridi gr. 1/50
Sodii Chloridi gr. g/io
,, 80. * Anaesthetic Compound, C
5; Eucainae Lactatis ... gr. 7/16
Sodii Chloridi gr. 3-15/16
87.
19-
93-
One
As required
As required
As required
Apomorphine Hydrochloride
gr. 1/20
gr- I/IS
,, ,, gr. i/io
("Apomorphine Hydrochloride
"1 Strychnine Hydrochloride
u
1/20
i/io
One
15. Atropine Sulphate
14-
13-
f Atropine Sulphate
■ \ Strychnine Sulphate
gr. 1/60 j
gr. 1/150I gr. 1/200 to
gr. i/iooV gr. i/ioo{in-
gr. 1/60 j creased)
gr. i/200\ Q
gr. l/iooj ^"^
* In tubes of 12. (others contain 20 J
Pharmacopccial p7-eparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
MmiMM TNt
ISSUBI) BY B. W. AND CO. TSAOC MMM IfQ
Hypodermic Products, 'Tabloid' Bran A—<cntiHtie<i
::KI'ARATION STRKNOTH DOSK
I ABLOIO' BRAND
(Hypodermic)—
No.
/Atropine Sulphate ... gr. i/i5o\ ^
" '^^- \Slrychnine Sulphate ... gr. 1/80 / ^"^
,, 43. *Caffeine Sodio-salicylate gr. 1/2 gr. l/2togr. 4
,, 23. Cocaine Hydrochloride ... gr. i/io "j
,, 22. ,. ,, ... gr. 1/6 [gr. 1/10 to
., 54- * M .. -gr. 1/4 j gr. 1/2
.. 40. * „ „ ... gr. 1/2 }
Cocaine Compounds (see Anaesthetic Compounds
A and B, page 17SJ
,, 44. Codeine Phosphate ... gr. 1/4 gr. i/4togr. 2
,, 77. "Cotamine Hydrochloride gr. 1/4 gr. 1/4 to
gr. 1/2
,, 46. Curara ... ... ... gr. 1/12 gr. I/12 to
gr. 1/2
.. 30. Digitalin (Amorphous) ... gr. i/ioo gr. l/ioo to
gr. 1/30
Q£. r Digitalin (Amorphous) \ m » »
" ^- ist^xhnine Sulphate aa gr. i/ioo) ^"^ '° '*°
r Digitalin (Amorphous) "1
,, 125. -| Str>'chnine Sulphate V One to two
\Trinitrin ... aa gr. i/iooj
.. 38. Ergotinine Citrate ... gr. i/20o\ gr. 1/200 to
.. '37. „ „ ... gr. 1/100/ gr. 1/50
02 ♦/ Ergotinine Citrate ... gr. i/ioo| q^^
' ^ ■ (Morphine Sulphate ... gr. 1/6 /
g, ./Ergotinine Citrate ... gr. i/ioo"\ q
' ' ^. Strychnine Sulphate ... gr. 1/20 /
, 116. •Ergotoxine gr. i/ioo One to two
i,Q •/Ergotoxine Sr- i/loo\ ^
• "9- \ Morphine Sulphate ... gr. 1/6 I *-'"e to two
,,0 ,/ Ergotoxine gr. l/loo"> q^^
' " ■ ^ Strj'chnme Sulphate ... gr. 1/20 /
Eserine (see Physostigmine)
: 79- lEuoiine Hydrochloride gr. 1/3 |g,. ,/,otogr. i
* In tubes of \1 (eihers contain 20^
IViarmaeofaial preparations are U.S. P. ttnless otherwise stated
REMEMBER THI
180 TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
Hypodermic Products, 'Tabloid' Bran A—continued
PREPARATION
'TABLOID' URAND
(Hypodermic)—
No.
112.
113-
I02.
lOI.
127.
47-
49-
100.
*Eucaine Lactate...
STRENGTH
gr- 1/3
DOSE
gr. I
yr. i/3togr. 2
Heroin Hydrochloride ...
gr. 1/25 to
gr. 1/6
\ gr. 1/250 to
1/25
... gr. 1/12
... gr. 1/6
Homatropine Hydrochloride
gr. 1/250/ gr. 1/20
Hydrarg. Chlor. Corros. (see Mercuric Chloride)
Hydrargyri Succinimidi [see Mercuric Succinimide)
Hyoscine Hydrobromide gr. 1/200 "j gr. 1/200 to
gr. i/iooj- gr. i/ioo(in-
„ 48
«
gr-
1/75
J creased)
„ 95
* Hyoscine Compound, A
One
5 Hyoscinse Hydrobromidi ..
Morphinae Sulphatis
Atropinse Sulphatis ...
gr-
gr
gr-
i/ioo
1/6
I/I80
„ 96
* Hyoscine Compound, B
One
5i Hyoscinee Hydrobromidi ..
Morphinae Sulphatis...
Atropinae Sulphatis
gr.
gr
gr.
i/ioo
1/4
I/I50
., 31
*Hyoscyamine Sulphate
gr-
1/80
\ gr. 1/200
V gr. i/ioo
j creased )
to
(in-
„ 41
*
gr-
1/20
„ 29
Mercuric Chloride
gr-
1/60
\.gr- 1/60
/ gr- 1/30
to
„ 28
,, „
gr-
1/30
„ 124
Mercuric Succinimide ...
gr-
i/io
Igr- i/io
to
„ 98
j> »>
gr-
1/5
/ gr- 1/5
„ 66
„ 55
„ 90
„ 91
Morphine Hydrochloride
>> »>
*
»5 )>
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr-
1/6
1/4
13
1/2
' gr. 1/8
- gr- 1/4
creased)
to
(in-
„ 74
» /" Morphine Hydrochlor.
\ Atropine Sulphate ...
gr-
gr-
1/6
1/70
jOne
„ 27
„ 26
M 25
„ 24
Morphine Meconate ...
>> >»
gr.
gr-
gr-
gr-
1/8
1/6
1/4
1/3
~ gr- 1/8
- gr- 1/4
creased)
to
(in-
* In tubes of 12 (others contain 20 J
Pharviacopccial preparations are U.S. P. ttnless otherwise stated
KIMIMMII TNC
ISSUBO BY B.
181
Hypodermic Products. 'Tabloid
Bran d — coHtiniuti
PREPARATION
STRBNGTH
DOSE
•TABLOID' BRAND
No.
(Hypodermic)—
„ 6.
Morphine Sulphate
gr-
/l2 >
M 5-
>» »>
ET-
t/8
.. 4.
>> »»
gr-
r/6
gr. 1/8 to
•• 3-
>> »»
gr-
t/4
- gr. 1/4 (in-
.. 2.
»» i»
g""-
■/3
creased)
M I-
m
gr-
1/2
„ 76.
•
g'-
I
12.
f Morphine Sulphate ..
gr-
1/12 ,
^ Atropine Sulphate
gr-
1/250
f T
r Morphine Sulphate ...
\ Atropine Sulpnate ...
gr-
/8
f f t 1 •
gr-
/200
r Morphine Sulphate ...
\ Atropine Sulpnate ...
gr-
/6
*, 10.
gr-
/180
M 9-
r Morphine Sulphate ...
\ Atropine Sulphate ...
gr- 1
gr- 1
/4
/ISO
One of
required
strength
8.
f Morphine Sulphate ...
gr- 1
/3
\ Atropine Sulphate ...
gr- 1
/120
.. 85.
/ Morphine Sulphate ...
\^ Atropine Sulphate ...
gr- 1
/3
gr. 1
/60
., 7-
, 1 Morphine Sulphate ...
\ Atropine Sulphate ...
gr- 1
/2
gr- 1
/ic» J
„ 89.
/Morphine Sulphate ...
gr- 1
/4 1
/60 J
One
\^ Strj'chnine Sulphate ...
gr- ]
„ 88.
Morphine Tartrate
gr. 1
/4
gr.i/8togr.l/4
(increased)
Nitrc^lycerin {see Trinitrin)
.. 39-
Physostigmine Salicylate
gr-
i/ioo
gr. i/ioo to
gr. 1/25
., S4.
Picrotoxin
■ gr-
1/60
gr, i/ioo to
gr. 1/25
.. 34-
Pilocarpine Nitrate
• gr-
i/io '
.. 64.
>t i»
• gr-
1/6
gr. 1/20 to
•• 33-
*
• gr.
"? 1
gr. 1/2
., 32.
•
• gr.
1/2 ]
.. 82.
•Potassium Permanganate
gr-
2
gr. I to gr. 5
.. 83.
•Quinine Bihydrochloride
gr-
I 1
. 73-
•
• gr.
3
-gr. I to gr. 5
.. 97.
- gr.
5 J
* In tubes of 12 (others contain 70)
Pkartnacop«eial preparations are U.S.P. unless otherwise stated
REMEMBER THE
182 TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
Hypodermic Products, 'Tabloid' Bran A— continued
PREPARATION STRENGTH DOSE
'TABLOID' BRAND
(Hypodermic)—
No.
,, 103. *Quinine Bisulphate ... gr,
,, 42. *Quinine Hydrobromide... gr,
,, 56. *Sparteine Sulphate ... gr.
,, 52. Strophanthin ... ••• gr.
5
1/2
1/2
1/500
109.
no.
III.
62.
61.
18.
17-
16.
104.
99.
75-
123.
126.
65-
115-
361.
Strychnine Hydrochloride gr.
n ••• gr-
Strychnine Nitrate
Strychnine Sulphate
/Strychnine Sulphate ..
\Trinitrin
Trinitrin (Nitroglycerin)
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr.
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr-
1/200
i/ioo
1/30
1/15 \gr.
i/io j gr i/io
1/150
i/ioo
1/60
1/50
1/40
1/30
1/20
gr-
gr.
-gr-
gr-
I to gr. 5
1/2 togr.2
1/2 togr. I
1/500 to
i/ioo
1/150
i/io
to
1/150 to
I/I50
i/io
to
1/50 1
1/100/
i/25o'\ gr.
1/100/ gr.
One to two
1/250
1/50
'Tyramine' (Trade Mark), 0-02 gni.
(Para-hydroxyphenyl- [gr. 1/3] One
ethylamine)
* In tubes of 12 (others contain 20 J
Also variotis other Hypodermic products issued under
the ' Tabloid'' Brand.
Hypodermic Veterinary Products, 'Tabloid ' Brand
( Full particulars sent on request)
Inhaler
Ammonium Chloride Inhaler, ' Vaporole ' Brand
A remarkably compact apparatus which will deliver
perfectly neutral vapour of pure Ammonium Chloride.
' Vaporole ' Acid ^ For use in above Inhaler.
'Vaporole' Alkali / In boxes of 12.
A Nasal Attachment is also supplied for use with
above Inhaler.
PharmcuopHzial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
matHMii TMi
ISSUSD BY B. W. AND CO. TMM tUMW IgJ
K? 'KEPLER' MALT EXTRACT AND
COMBINATIONS
SPECIAL CAUTION. Many attempts are made to imitate
' Kepler ' Malt Products, hence, as malt preparations vary grreatly
iu dietetic value, it is necessary to take precautions against sub-
stitution. Verbal instructions are not safe. To prevent fraud it
is best to write prescriptions for original bottles.
Dose — Of all ' Kepler ' preparations, one teaspoonful to two
dessertspoonfuls.
preparation anu strength
' Kepler ' Malt Extract —
A most reliable and highly-concentrated extract, prepxired
from the finest winter-malted barley. Its dietetic
value depends not only on its high diastatic powers,
but also on the albuminoids, phosphates, etc. , which it
contains.
Ditto with Bekk and Iron
Each fluid drachm contains: Extract of Beef, gr. i ; and Iron
and Ammonium Citrate, gr. i/8
Ditto with Cascara Sagrada
Each fluid ounce contains Extract of Cascara Sagrada, gr. 6
Ditto with HyfiMOGLOBiN
Each fluid ounce contains Ha:moglobin, gr. 8-3/4
Ditto with HVPOPHOSPHITES
Each fluid ounce contains : Calcium Hypophospbite, gr. 8 ; Potas-
sium Hypophosphile, gr. 4; and .Sodium H>'pophosphitc, gr. 4
Ditto with Iron
Each fluid ounce contains Soluble Iron Pyrophosphate, gr. 4
Ditto with Ikon and Quinine Citrate
Each fluid ounce contains Iron and Quinine Citrate, gr. 7-1/2
Ditto with Iron Iodide
Each fluid ounce contains Iron Iodide, gr. 3
Ditto with Ikon, Quinine and Strychnine
Each fluid ounce contains : Iron Phosphate, gr. t/n ; Quinine
Phosph.-itc, gr. 3/8 ; and Strychnine I'hospliate, gr. 1/64
Ditto with Pepsin
Each fluid ounce contains pure Peptin, gr. 4
Ditto with I'nospHORtJS
Each fluid ounce contains pare Phosphorus, gr. 1/64
Pharmacopaial /•refartUumi are U.S. P. unUss othtrwist stated
REMEMBER THE
184 TRADE MARKS FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Kepler' Malt Extract and Combination s— continued
'Kepler' Solution (of Cod Liver Oil in Malt
Extract) —
Among known fatty food-stuffs in nature the highest in
nutritive value is also the most readily assimilated,
and that most easily utilised by the tissues. It is,
moreover, a tissue-builder ; it repairs waste, and
fortifies resistance against disease.
The drawbacks of cod liver oil in a natural state have
always been the nausea, unpleasant eructations and
alimentary disturbances it produces even when given
in the purest form. 'Kepler' Solution (of Cod Liver
Oil in Malt Extract) is especially designed to over-
come these difficulties in administration. In this
form it presents the purest cod liver oil intimately
incorporated in a state of minute molecular subdivision
with the finest extract of winter-malted barley.
Thoroughly diffused in ' Kepler ' Malt Extract its
digestion is easy and assimilation certain, while its
unique palatability makes it readily acceptable to the
most delicate children and fastidious patients, and
even in the most debilitated of subjects its administra-
tion is followed by a rapid increase in weight and
strength.
Initial doses should be small, and increases, gradual.
Ditto with Hypophosphites
Each fluid ounce contains : Calcium Hypophosphite, gr. ; Potas-
sium Hypophosphite, gr. 2 ; and Sodium Hypophosphite, gr. 2
Ditto with Iron Iodide
Each fluid ounce contains Iron Iodide, gr. 2
Ditto with Phosphorus
Each fluid ounce contains pure Phosphorus, gr. 1/64
Also various other products issued under the ' Kepler '
Brand
Lint, Pleated Compressed, 'Tabloid' Brand (see
page 17 O
Malt Extract (sec ' Kepler,' /(z^^ 183 j
Medicine Chests and Cases, ' Tabloid ' Brand (see
pages 142-152^)
Pharmacopivial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
MUtlMtll TNI
ISSUBO BY 8. W. ANO CO. TIIAM MikHKl IgS
Menthol Snuff, Compound (B. W. & Co.)
An extremely efFcciivc and convenient combination of
mentht)!, ammonium chloride, ' Epinine.' etc., issued in
enamelled tins, after the manner of old-fashioned
black-and-gold snuff boxes.
Mercury Succinimide Outfit, The B. W. & Co.
(see Hypodermic Apparatus, /a^ 177^
Methyl Alcohol (Pure)
For use in microscopic staining. In hermetically-sealed glass
phials, each containing 15 c.c. (approx. ^ fl. oz.).
Microscopic Stains, * Soloid ' Brand (see page 205^
Mucin (in scales)—
A compound substance consisting of protein and a carbo-
hydrate given internally in those conditions in which
bismuth is usually prescribed. Bottles containing I oz.
Nasal Medicaments, ' Soloid ' Brand (see page 201 J
Needles, for Hypodermic and Serum Syringes, (/^u// listen
apt<licaIioii. )
Needles, Urethral, silver-plated. 8-inch, with bulb the size
<if the point of a No. 12 French bougie.
Nessler'5 Solution, glass capsules (see 'Soloid' Brand
Products, page 204^
* NIzIn ' (Trade Mark)—
A /.inc salt of sulphanilic acid. An antiseptic which is
readily soluble in water, and which, in the strengths
recommended for use, is non-irritating and non-toxic.
Bottles containing i oz., 4 oz. and 16 oz.
*Opa' Liquid Dentifrice
( J'raJe Mori) Aromatic, antiseptic, refreshing. Bottles
containing 2 Imperial fl. oz. and 4 Imperial fl. oz.
(with sprinklers).
Ophthalmic and Hypodermic Pocket-Cases,
'Tabloid' Brand (seepage 140
Ophthalmic Pocket-Cases, * Tabloid' Brand
( see pages 141 ami 1 42 J
riiarmaiopceial preparations art U.S. P. unltss otturwist stated
REMEMBER THE
186 TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
OPHTHALMIC PRODUCTS
»"iSr' 'TABLOID' BRAND
The word 'Tabloid' is a brand which desigrnates fine products
issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co. This brand should always
be specified when ordering-.
' Tabloid ' Ophthalmic products are minute in size, as
thin as notepaper, and contain exact doses of pure drugs,
prepared with a perfectly innocuous and rapidly soluble
basis.
PREPARATION
STRENGTH
♦TABLOID' BRAND
(Ophthalmic)—
T Alum
- gr-
1/250
EE Argyrol
/Atropine Hydrobromide
\ Cocaine Hydrochloride
gr-
1/24
aa gr.
1/200
X Atropine Sulphate ...
■ gr-
1/600
A „ „
- gr-
1/200
AA Cocaine Hydrochloride ...
■ gr.
i/So
r *
■ gr-
1/20
BB Dionin 0-0005 gm. [gr.
1/130]
FF * „ 0-005 gm. [gr.
1/13]
AC *'Epinine' ... 0006 gm. [approx. gr.
i/ii]
{Trade Mark)
Y *Euphthalmine Hydrochloride
- gr-
1/40
z *Fluorescein ...
- gr-
1/250
H Homatropine Hydrochloride
- gr-
1/400
E * „
• gr-
1/40
, / Homatropine Hydrochloride
■ gr-
1/240
^ Cocaine Hydrochloride
# /Homatropine Hydrochloride
\Cocaine Hydrochloride
• gr-
1/24
aa gr.
1/50
u Hyoscine Hydrobromide
• gr-
1/600
GG Physostigmine Salicylate
• gr-
1/2000
F „ ,,
• gr-
1/600
* f Physostigmine Salicylate ...
• gr-
1/500
\Tropacocaine Hydrochloride
• gr-
i/ioo
K Pilocarpine Nitrate
- gr-
1/400
f Pilocarpine Nitrate...
• gr-
1/500
1^ Cocaine Hydrochloride
- gr-
1/200
* In tubes of 12 (others cotitain 25^
Pharmacopaial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
niiCMMII IHt
ISSUBD BY B. W. AND CO. TMM MMM 18T
Ophthalmic Products. 'Tabloid' Brand— ^-^i '/km./
PREPARATION STRENGTH
•TABLOID* BRAND
(Ophthalmic)—
Scopolamine (j« Hyoscine)
,, I. •Tropacocaine Hydrochloride ... gr. 1/30
,, R Zinc Sulphate gr. 1/250
pjj« fZinc Sulphate gr. 1/250
" \ Cocaine Hydrochloride ... ... gr. 1/20
* In tubes 0/ 12 (others contain 25 )
Also various other Ophthalmic products issued under the
* Tabloid^ Brand.
OPHTHALMIC PRODUCTS
"I'Sl 'SOLOID' IIRA.M)
The word 'SOLOID' is a brand which desig:nates fine products
issued by Burrougrbs Wellcome & Co. This brand should always
be specified when ordering^.
'SOLOID' BRAND
(Ophthalmic)—
, , J Corrosive Sublimate (Hydrarg. Chlor. Corrosiv. )
gr. i/iooo, tubes of 25
For other ' Soloid ' Brand products suitable for Ophthalmic
use, see pages 197-203
Ophthalmic Veterinary Products, ' Soloid ' Brand
( Full particulars sent on request)
' Paroleine ' — \ perfectly stable, odourless, colourless and
( friuie Mark) tasteless oil. It is a useful solvent and
vehicle for many of the reme<lies employed in treating
di.sca.ses of the nose and throat. Bottles containing
4 fl. oz. and i lb. (18 fl. oz.).
PASTILLES, ?fj; 'TABLOID' brand
The word 'TABLOID' is a brand which desig^nates fine products
i^-'iicd by Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
I'abi.oid' Pastilles provide an agreeable vehicle for the
j;r.ulual and prolonjjcd application of medicaments to the
mouth and tliroat, and in s<jme cases may lie used to secure
Phamtcu-opaial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise sttUed
REMEMBER THE
188 TRAOE MARKS FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
Pastilles, 'Tabloid' Br and— coKi?nued
the general effects of a drug. By their use, astringents,
antiseptics, anaesthetics, expectorants and laxatives can
be conveniently exhibited. The basis of the pastille is
demulcent, increasing the efficiency of the active ingredients.
'TABLOID' BRAND
No.
,, I. Ammonium Chloride and Licorice
Each contains Ammonium Chloride, gr. i
,, 3. Cocaine Hydrochloride, gr. i/io
,, 4. Codeine, gr. 1/8
,, 2. Codeine and Benzoic Acid Compound
Acidi Benzoici... ... ... gr. 1/2
Codeinse ... ... ... gr,
Mentholis ... ... ... gr.
Pulv. IpecacuanhcE ... ... gr,
Cocainai Hydrochloridi ... gr
Gummi Rubri ... ... ... gr
01. Menthse Piperitas ... f.s.
i/io
i/io
i/io
1/40
1/2
22. Codeine and Benzoic Acid Compound, without Cocaine
Similar to No. 2, but contains no Cocaine Hydrochloride
5. Glycerin
6. Glycerin and Black Currant
7. Glycerin, Tannin and Black Currant
Each contains Tannin, gr. 1/2
8. Glycerin, Tannin, Capsicum and Black Currant
Each contains Tannin, gr. 1/2, and the solid equivalent of
Tincture of Capsicum, min. 3/4, equal to Capsicum,
gr. 3/80.
18. Laxative Fruit
Each contains Extract of Senna Fruit, gr. s, plea.santly
flavoured. The ' Tabloid ' Pastille is extremely palatable,
and facilitates the administration, to children and
fastidious patients, of an efficient laxative.
10. Lemon Juice
11. Linseed, Licorice and Chlorodyne
Each contains Morphine Hydrochloride, gr. 1/120
16. Menthol, gr. 1/8
17. Menthol and Eucalyptus
J^ Mentholis ... .. ... gr. 1/20
Olei Eucalypti... ... ... min. 1/2
12. Morphine and Ipecac
IJ Morphinas Hydrochloridi ... gr. 1/36
Pulv. IpecacuanhsE ... ... gr. 1/12
Pharniacopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
ISSDBD BY B. W. AND CO. TUM MMIM ISO
PastilleA, 'Tabloid' Brtin&-~c»mtinued
•TABLOID" KRANU
No.
., 20. Pectoral
Containing Licorice, Squill, Tolu, Senega, Ipecac, Wild
Black Cherry, etc
19. Pine Tar Compound
Containing Pine Tar, Terelieiie, Benzoin, Tolu, Ipecac, etc.
I.;. ' i'inol,' min. i
,, 14. Red Gum and Cocaine
9 Gummi Rubri gr. i
Cocain<c Hydrochloridi ... gr. 1/20
,, 15. Khatany (Krameria), Menthol and Cocaine
Q Ext. Krameriz gr. 3
Mentholis gr. i/ao
Cocaime Hydrochloridi ... gr. 1/30
Also various other Pastilles issued under the ' Tabloid'' Brand
' Phenofax ' brand Carbolic Acid Ointment
(Trade Mark) * pHENOFAX ' is an antiseptic scdative dressing
which presents 4 per cent of pure phenol in a bland basis,
and is notable for its sedative effect on the skin and
mucous surfaces. It disinfects, allays pain, and encourages
granulation. Issued in glass pots.
PHOTOGRAPHIC CHEMICALS
::i.' 'TABLOID' BKAM)
The word 'TABLOID' is a brand which designates fine products
issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
'Tabloid' Photographic Chemicals represent the acme of
convenience and reliability, while their superior quality and
accuracy in weight and composition ensure the best
results. They entirely obviate the trouble of fg^^b"**
weighing small quantities of chemicals, are superior
in point of st)lubility to ordinary crystalline and other prepara-
tions, and prevent the disapp<jintments occasioned by the
deterioration of stock solutions. Their extreme compactness
enables the tourist, traveller, or explorer to carry everywhere
with him the materials for developing, fixing, etc., without
8en.sibly increasing his load. They are exceptionally resistant
to climatic influences, and keep well under all conditions. At
home they save time, trouble and space.
Pkamtacopaial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
REMEMBER THE
190 1RADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
Photogrraphic Chemicals, 'Tabloid' Brand
— continued
Developers
The developers are packed in cartons, each containing the
' Tabloid ' Reducing Agent, and the ' Tabloid ' Accelerator
specially prepared for use with that reducing agent.
TABLOID' BRAND
(Photographic)-
,, Metol
,, Metol-Quinol
,, Ortol
,, Paramidophenol
, , Pyro
TABLOID' BRAND
(Photographic)—
,, Amidol
,, Edinol
,, Eikonogen
,, Glycin
,, Hydroquinone (Quinol)
,, Pyro-Metol ( Imperial Standard Formula)
„ *Fyro-So(ia. f/lford Formula)
,, 'Rytol' (Trade Mark) Universal Developer
* In ordering this special developer it is always necessary to quote
" 11 ford Formula."
Intensifiers
'TABLOID' BRAND
(Photographic)—
,, Chromium Intensifier
,, Mercuric Iodide and Sodium Sulphite
Toners
'TABLOID' BRAND
(Photographic)—
Gold Chloride, gr. \, with Borax, gr. 15 (b l)
Sodium Bicarbonate, gr. 15 (B 2)
Sodium Phosphate, gr. 15 (B 3)
Sodium Tungstate, gr. 15 (B 4)
Sodium Formate Com pound(B 5)
Sulphocyanide Compound (b 6)
Thiosulphate Compound
(Combined Bath for to7ting and fixing P. O. P.) (b 10)
The above are supplied in cartons containing sufficient
for the preparation of six toning baths of 5 to 10 ounces or
more. For convenience they may be ordered by their
numbers, thus : "'Tabloid' Gold Toning, B i, B 2, etc."
Pharmacopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
miMIMIII TMC
ISSUBD BV B. W. AND CO. TRAM MMM* 191
Photographic Chemicals. 'Tabloid' Brand
— continutd
Toner s — continued
•TABLOID' BKAM.
(Photographic)—
,, Bleaching Comjxjund
,. Copper Ferrocyanide Toning Compound (Jor toning
Bromide Prints and Lantern Slides)
,, Platinum Toning Compound (for toning Matt P. O.P.)
,, Sepia Toner (for Bromide Prints and Lantern Slides)
., Sulphiding Compound
Accessories
'TABLOID' BRAND
(Photographic)— strength
„ Alkali—
' Tabloid ' Sodium Carbonate ... ... gr. 44
,, Density Kedtuers —
' Tabloid ' Ammonium Persulphate ... gr. il
' Tabloid ' Potassium Ferricyanide ... gr. 2
,, Fixer —
' Tabloid' Sodium Tbiosulphate (Hypo), \ Equals gr. 44
Dried, gr. 28-5 J of crystals
,, Hardener—
* Tabloid ' Alum ... ... ... ... gr. 10
, , Hardener and Clearer —
' Tabloid ' .\lum and Citric Acid
Compound
Chrome .Alum, gr. 5 ; Citric Acid, gr. 5
,, Preservatives—
'Tabloid' I'otassium Metabisulphite ... gr. 10
'Tabloid ' Sodium Sulphite, Dried, gr. 5 Equals gr. 10
of crystals
,, Restrainers —
' Tabloid ' Ammonium Bromide ... gr. I
' Tabloid ' Potassium Bromide ... ... gr. i
• Tabloid ' Sodium Citrate ... ... gr. i
., Sensitiser (for carbon tissue, etc.) —
'Tabloid' Potassium Ammonium
Chromate gr. 24
/'harmacopetial prorations are U.S. P. unless etktrwise stated
REMEMBER THE
192 TRADE MARKS FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
Photogrraphic Chemicals. 'Tabloid' Brand
— continued
Accessories — continued
'TABLOID' BRAND
(Photographic)—
For Direct Colour Photography
(with Autochrome, Thames, Omnicolore, and other Plates)
'TABLOID' BRAND
(Photographic)—
,, Reversing Compound
,, Colour Plate Intensifier
(In development, 'Tabloid' ' Rytol ' Universal Developer
is used, see page 190)
Also other Photographic products issued under the
' Tabloid'' Brand.
For Photographic Staining
'SOLOID' BRAND
(Photographic) —
,, Photographic Stains (Red, Yellow, Green, Blue or
Salmon), tubes of 6
PHOTOGRAPHIC EXPOSURE RECORD
AND DIARY, THE 'WELLCOME'
The most useful pocket-book for the photographer. Contains
ruled pages for recording exposures, a diary for the year,
also numerous technical articles and tables, and an exposure
calculator which tells the correct exposure under any circum-
stance by ONE turn of ONE scale, etc., etc.
U.S.A. Edition. Bound in red canvas.
Also issued:
Northern Hemisphere and Tropical Edition, for
Canada, Europe, and all countries north of the Tropic of
Capricorn except the United States of America. Bound in
light green canvas.
Southern Hemisphere and Tropical Edition, for all
countries south of the Tropic of Cancer (about 20° N.). Bound
in dark green canvas.
Each Edition complete with wallet for proofs, etc. , and pencil.
Pharmcuopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
HtlitlUC* TMt
ISSOSD BY m. W. AND CO. TMM turn* 196
PHOTOGRAPHIC OUTFITS, Nos. 905 & 906
ISS 'TABLOID* BRAND
Complete and compact chemical outfits for developing and
fixing plates, films, bromide or gaslight papers, and for toning
and fixing P.O. P.
Standard Coxtents:—
No. 905
' Tabloid ' ' Rytol ' Universal Developer, to make 80
ounces of solution ; ' Tabloid ' Sodium Thiosulphate
(Hypo), Dried, gr. 28 5 ; 'Tabloid' Chromium Intensifier,
to make 50 ounces of solution ; ' Tabloid ' Gold Chloride
with Thiosulphate Compound (Combined Bath), to make
30 ounces of solution ; ' Tabloid ' Sepia Toner.
Measurements : 4 x 4 x 2| in. In rex red, royal blue,
imperial green or bright scarlet enamelled metal.
No. 906
' Tabloid ' Alum and Cit. Acid Co. ; ' Tabloid ' ' Rytol '
Developer ; ' Tabloid * Metol-Quinol Developer ;
' Tabloid ' Sodium Thiosulphate (Hypo), Dried, gr. 28-5 ;
' Tabloid ' Sepia Toner ; ' Tabloid ' Chromium Intensi-
fier ; ' Tabloid ' Copf)er Ferrocyanide Toning Com-
pound ; ' Tabloid ' Potassium Bromide, gr. I.
Measurements : 8| x 4J x 2 in. In black japanned
or aluminium-bronzed metal outside, enamelled white
inside.
(The contents of either case may be varied as desired)
H^Arm ordering, please specify colour required)
' Pinol ' ( 1 >istilled Essence of Finns pumilio)
( Tra.ie Mark)
A valuable stimulant, disinfectant and antiseptic
in respiratory affections. The ' Tabloid ' Pastille (see
/a^ 189) affords a pleasant means of securing
prolonged continnotLS local action.
In \ Imperial fl. oz. and I Imperial fl. oz. bottles.
Saccharin, 'Tabloid' Brand (supagezis)
(See also 'Tabloid' ' Saxin,'/*^ 235^
Saline Solutions for Intravenous Injection (see
pas;e 202 J
Pkarmoiopaial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise staled
194 TRADE MARKS FORMULARY OF FINE HRODUCTS
SANITARY TOWELS, PLEATED
COMPRESSED, ':Z 'TABLOID' brand
Pleated Compressed Sanitary Towels were originated and
introduced by Burroughs Wellcome & Co.
' Tabloid ' Pleated Compressed Sanitary Towels possess
several points of superiority over ordinary sanitary towels.
They are made of materials
TABLOID-"- ■ of exceptional quality specially
adapted for the purpose.
Their highly absorbent pro-
perties are particularly note-
worthy. The delicate texture
PLEATED COMPRESSED S-T.
No. 4
BufrOHlttl VmcoiBl fc CO.J Lon^BW (Eli^
■ Tabloid ' Pleated Compressed of the SUrfaCC of theSC tOWels
Sanitary Towel (No. 4) ensures perfect freedom from the
Half size slightest scnsc of discomfort in
use. Owing to the extremely small space which they occupy,
they are particularly convenient when travelling. Extreme
compactness is secured by compression, and perfect cleanliness
ensured by the method of packing.
Four sizes are issued, each size in packages of 12
' Saxin ' (see ' Tabloid ' ' Sa.xin,' page 235)
{Trade Mark)
SERA, T£l 'WELLCOME' brand
The word 'WELLCOME' is a brand which designates fine
products issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co. To ensure the
supply of pure and reliable preparations, this brand should always
be specified when ordering.
The high reputation which these sera have deservedly
obtained with the medical profession is constantly confirmed
by the favourable reports received, and the
Reputation . , . , . ,
accumulating evidence proves this high reputation
to be maintained.
'Wellcome' Brand Sera are prepared under U.S.A.
Government Licence, No. 18, in the Wellcome Physiological
Research Laboratories, Brockwell Hall, London, England,
under conditions which fulfil every requirement of modern
Pharmacopceial preparations are U.S. P. tuiless otherwise stated
nfMimaii TH(
IS8USU BV «. W. AND CO. tum tIMMi 19S
Sera, 'Wellcome' Brmnd—con/inmeJ
science and under the immediate supervision of specialists
of long and varied experience. The sera are
not sent out until they have successfully passed
rigorous sterility and toxicity tests ; they are then issued in
hermetically-sealed phials of convenient sizes.
Burroughs Wellcome & Co. act as distributing agents, and
will endeavour to despatch orders for these sera immediately
on receipt of letter or telegram.
Sera should be carefully kept in their original packings, in
a cool, dark place, avoiding, as much as possible, variations
of temperature.
'WELLCOME' BRAND—
„ Diphtheria Antitoxic Serum
icoo, 2CXX), 3000 or 4000 Khrlich units in hermetically-
sealed phials.
1000 units are contained in 25 c.c, or less.
The same doses are also supplied in syringe-containers.
„ Concentrated Diphtheria Antitoxin
1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 or 5000 Ehrlich units in syringe-
containers.
1000 units are contained in i c.c, or less.
Larger doses sre supplied to specud order only
TAe following Sera are issued in hermetically-sealed
phials.
„ *Anti-colon Bacillus Serum: from horses immunised
against many strains of Bacillus coli obtained mostly from
cases of peritonitis and puerperal fever : —
In phials containing 25 c.c.
„ *Anti-dysentery Serum : from horses immunised
against cultures of Bacillus dysenteria obtained from
several cases of dysentery : —
In phials containing 25 c.c.
„ *Anti-gonococcu5 Serum: from horses immunised
against cultures of gonococci obtained from cases of
urethritis and gonorrhoeal conjunctivitis : —
In phials containing 25 c.c.
*Su note on page 197
Pharmacopaial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
REMEMBER THE
196 TRADE MARKS FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
Sera, 'Wellcome' Bran A— continued
'WELLCOME' BRAND—
„ *Anti-staphyIococcus Serum, Polyvalent: from
horses immunised against various cultures of Staphylococcus
pyogenes aureus, albus and citreus : —
In phials containing 25 c.c.
„ *Anti-streptococcus Serum, Erysipelas: from
horses immunised against cultures from typical cases of
erysipelas : —
In phials containing 25 c.c.
„ *Anti-streptococcus Serum, Polyvalent: from
horses immunised against cultures of streptococci from a
large number of sources, including organisms isolated from
cases of : —
Erysipelas, Scarlet Fever, Puerperal Fever,
Rheumatic Fever, Septic/emia, Angina,
Pneumonia, Ulcerative Endocarditis.
In phials containing 10 c.c. and 25 c.c.
„ *Anti-streptococcus Serum, Puerperal Fever:
from horses immunised against a number of cultures of
Streptococcus from cases of puerperal fever : —
In phials containing 25 c.c.
„ *Anti-streptococcus Serum, Pyogenes: from
horses immunised against several cultures of Streptococcus
pyogenes from fatal cases : —
In phials containing 25 c.c.
„ *Anti-streptococcus Serum, Rheumatic Fever:
from horses immunised against cultures from severe cases
of acute rheumatism and of rheumatoid arthritis : —
In phials containing 25 c.c.
„ *Anti-streptococcus Serum, Scarlatina: from
horses immunised against cultures from a number of severe
cases of scarlet fever : —
In phials containing 25 c.c.
*See note on page 197
Pharmacopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
MMCmtll THE
ISSUBU BY B. W. AND CO. TMADI im«ks 107
Sera. 'Wellcome' Brmnd—cimJiHtt^
'WELLCOME' BRAND—
„ *Anti-typhoid Serum : from horses immunised
against cultures of Bcuillus typhosus from several cases
of typhoid fever: —
In phials containing 25 c.c
* PhiaU containing 30 c.c. of Anti-streptococcus Serum, Polyvalent,
'Wellcome,' and 10 c.c. and 50 c.c. of the others are supplied to
special order only.
Also varuws other Sera issued under the * Wellcome ' Brand
Serum Syringes (B. W. & Co.) (seepage \^^)
' Soamin ' (Sodium Para-aminoplienylarsonate)
>,uU Mark) HOSE
.\n organic preparation of low toxicity as See special
compared with arsenous acid or the leaflet
inorganic salts of arsenic. It contains 22*8
per cent, of arsenium (As), and is soluble
in three parts of water at Ixxiy temperature
and in five parts at 60° F. Used in syphilis,
malaria, kala-azar, trypanosomiasis and
other protozoal diseases. In bottles of
5 gm. and 30 gm.
For full particulars, see ' Soamin ' booklet
Soap, * Hazeline' (seepage 176^
::.' 'SOLOID' BRAND PRODUCTS
The word 'SOLOID' is a brand which designates fine products
issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co. To ensure the supply of
pure and reliable preparations, this brand should always be
specified when ordering.
'Solold' Brand Products are also Issued In bottles of BOO,
with the exception of those put up In tubes only.
The series of ' .Soloid ' Brand Products provides reliable
ntiscptics, astringents and ana^thetics ; also convenient means
• I preparing stains for microscopic work, and test y ,.
solutions for water, sewage or urine analysis. The 1 i
portability, accuracy in strength, uniform activity '"** **"
and ready solubility which characterise them, present great
rkarmcuopiticU preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
REMEMBER THE
198 TRADE MARKS
F O R M U L A K V OF FINE P R ("> IJ L i. I s
gr-
6
15
5
20
6 gr. 60
'Soloid' Brand Products— continued
advantages over stock solutions. Each product is so standard-
ised in weight as to produce, when added to the required
quantity of solvent, a solution of definite strength (e.g. see
' Soloid ' Corrosive Sublimate).
Issued in
'SOLOID- BRAND- STRENGTH bots. of i bots. of
,, Alkaline Compound (see page 201 J
„ Alum ... ... ... ... gr.
„ Alum and Zinc Sulphate ... ?5
5 Aluminis ... ... gr. 15
Zinci Sulphatis ... gr. 15
,, Alum and Zinc Compound,
Strong 25
5i Aluminis ... ... gr. 30
Zinci Sulphatis ... gr. 15
,, Antiseptic and Alkaline Com-
pound (see page 201 J
,, Argyrol, tubes of 12 ... ... gr. i
6 gr. 5-45
,, Atropine Sulphate, tubes of 6 gr. 0-545
,, Atropine and Cocaine, tubes
of6
5 Atropinae Sulphatis gr. 0272
Cocainae Hydrochloridi gr. i-og
,, Black Lotion (Black Wash)
(see Mercurial Compound,
page 200)
,, Boric Acid ( scented with Otto
of Rose)
,, Boric Acid (tinscented)
,, Boric Acid and Zinc Sulphate
(scented -with Otto of Rose)
1^ Acidi Borici gr. 6
Zinci Sulphatis ... gr. 1/2
,, Carbolic Acid (Phenol),
tubes of 25
25
25
Pharmacopxzial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
full, thus :
/Xy \J {^-^^-c^
ISSUED BY
MMtllWII THt
TiuBC aMia
190
'Solold' Brand Product %—c«Htinwd
* SOLOID' BRAND— STRENGTH
,, C'ocaini.- Hydrochloride
Israed in
tubes of 25
gr.
1/2
,, ., It
gr-
I
. . Cocaine and Eucaine, of each
gr-
gr.
5
1/2
., Copper Sulphate
,. Corrosive Sublimate (Ilydrarg.
Chlor. Q.oxxas\\:)( Ophthal-
mic) (see f^ge 187)
gr-
gr-
I
i/iooo
, , Corrosive Sublimate ( Hydrarg.
Chlor. Corrosiv.)
One in 4 fluidounces of water
•3 1 in 1000 solution.
One in one pint (16 fluidounces)
of water = i in 4000 solution.
gr-
1-825
. . Corrosive Sublimate ( I lydrarg.
Chlor. Corrosiv.)
gr-
7-3
One in one pint (i6 fluidounces)
of water = i in 1000 solution.
,, Corrosive Sublimate (Hydrarg.
Chlor. Corrosiv.) gr. 14-6
One in one pint (16 fluidounces)
of water = i in yx> solution.
, Kucaine Hydrochloride
, Kucaine Lactate
, ' Eucalyptia * Compound (see
page 201;
, Homatropine and Cocaine,
tul>es of 6 ...
Q Homatropinse Uydro-
bromidi 8r> 0-545
Cocainae Hydro-
chloridi gr. i-og
„ Homatropine Hydrobromide,
tubes of 6
gr- 0-54S
bots. of
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
Pkarmaeopeeial preparatifiHs are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Writ* the
Brand
fuU. thu*
I ^^t;-^^^'
200
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Solold' Brand Product s— continued
Issued in
bets, of
bots. of
'SOLOID' BRAND — STRENGTH
,, Homatropine Methylbroniide
and Cocaine, tubes of 6 ...
—
—
5 Homatropinae Methyl-
bromidi gr. 0-545
Cocainae Hydro-
chloridi ... ... gr. 1-09
,, Hydrarg. Chlor. Corrosiv. (see
Corrosive Sublimate, page 199^
,, lodic-Hydrarg. {see Mercuric
Potassium Iodide)
,, Lead and Opium
25
—
One, added to one iluidounce of
hot water, yields a _ lotion of
same strength as Lotio Plumbi
etOpiiN.F.
,, Lead Subacetate ... ... gr. ii-S
25
—
One in 2J fluidounces of distilled
water yields a i per cent, (ap-
prox.) solution, corresponding
to Liquor Plumbi Subacetatis
Dilutus.
,, Mercurial Compound, for the
preparation of Black Lotion
25
—
One in 6 fluidrachms of distilled
water yields a solution corre-
sponding to Lotio Nigra, N.F.
,, Mercuric Potassium Iodide
(formerly known as lodic-
Hydrarg.^ gr. 1-825
—
100
One in 4 fluidounces or one in one
pint (16 fluidounces) of water
yields respectively a solution
of I in 1000 and i in 4000 (fre-
quently known as Mercury
Biniodide Solution).
,, Mercuric Potassium Iodide
(fortnerly known as lodic-
Hydrarg.^ gr. 7-3
25
100
One in one pint (16 fluidounces)
of water = i in 1000 solution
(frequently known as Mercury
Biniodide Solution).
,, Mercury Oxycyanide, tubes of 25, o-i gm.
—
ICX)
0-25 gm.
25
100
o-5gm.
25
100
Pharmacopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
/^ ' kJ (H^tJcC '
\Vritethe
Brand in
full, thus :
ISSUBU BV B.
AND CO.
tiuoa MMuo
901
'Solold' Brand P r o d u c t »— c«w»/»>««»<rf
luued in
bots.of
hots, of
'SOLOID' BRAND— STKKNOTH
„ Mucin and Menthol Com-
pound
25
100
B Mucin! gr. 4-i/a
Sodii Bicarbonatis gr. 4-1/3
Mentbolb gr. i/ao
,, (Nasal)
,, Alkaline Compound ...
25
100
It Sfxlii Koratis ... gr. 5
Sodii Chloridi ... gr. 5
,. ,, Antiseptic and Alkaline
Compound ...
25
100
Q Sodii Bicarbonatis gr. 5
Phenolis gr. i/a
Sodii Boratis ... gr. 5
.. 'Eucalyptia' Compound
25
100
Q 5>odii Bicarbonatis gr. 8
Sodii Boratis ... gr. 8
Sodii Bcnzoatis ... gr. 1/3
Sodii Salicj-latis gr. 1/3
Kucalyptolis ... min. 1/6
Thyraoli.s gr. 1/6
Mentholis gr. i/ia
01. Gaullberiae ... min. 1/13
,, ,, Phenol Compound
25
—
B Sodii Bicarbonatis gr. 13
Phenolis ... ... gr. i-i/a
Sodii Chloridi ... gr. a
,, ,, Sodium Bicarbonate
Compound
25
100
Q Sodii Bicarbonatis gr. 5
Sodii Boratis ... gr. 5
Sodii Chloridi ... gr. 5
., Sodium Bicarbonate
Compound, Saccharatcd
25
100
9 Sodii Bicarbonatis gr. 5
Sodii Boratis ... gr. 5
5v}dii Chloridi ... gr. 5
Sacchari Albi ... gr. $
,, Naso-Phamygeal Compoand
25
100
li Stxiii Chloridi ... gr. 7
S<xlii Boratis ... gr. 3-1/a
.Sodii IScn/oatis ... gr. t/a
Acidi Borici ... gr. 3/4
Menthojis ... gr. 1/50
Thymoli.s gr, i/too
Cocainz Hj-dro-
chloridi gr. 1/6
01. Oaultheriae min. i/ao
l^harmacofxtial preparations are U.S. P. mUess otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
fall, thua:
tyty' ^^o^Urt/^^
REMEMBER THE
202 TRADE MARKS
FORMOI.ARV OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Solold' Brand Product s— continued
Issued in
SOLOID' BRAND—
' Nizin ' (Trade Mark)
A zinc salt of sulphanilic acid
Paraform
Phenol (see Carbolic Acid,
page 198;
Potassium Permanganate ...
Potassium Permanganate and
Alum
5i Pot. Permanganatis gr. 3
Aluminis gr. 5
Saline Compound, No. 2,
tubes of 12
5 Calcii Chloridi
_ 0-05 gm. [gr. 3/4]
Potassii Chloridi
0-05 gm. [gr. 3/4]
Sodii Chloridi
2-25 gm. [gr. 35]
Sodii Bicarbonatis
0-025 gm- [gr. 3/8]
Dextrosi 0-25 gm. [gr. 3-3/4]
One dissolved in 250 c.c. of boiled
(sterile) water for intravenous
injection at 40° C.
Silver Nitrate
STRENGTH
gr. 2
gr. 20
gr- 5
gr- 44
Sodium Bicarbonate ...
One in 5 fluid ounces of water =
2 per cent, solution (approx.)
Sodium Bicarb. Co. (see page
201J
Sodium Bicarb. Co., Sacchar-
ated (seepage 201 J
Sodium Chloride, tubes of 12 gr. 32
Two dissolved in 16 fluid ounces
of boiled (sterile) water, for
intravenous injection at ioo°F.
(37-8°C.), give a solution con-
taining 0-9 per cent, of sodium
chloride.
25
bots. of
25
25
25
25
100
100
Pharmacopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
full, thus:
<^t^\^0''Vcroc<^
1..S.SUKD BY H. W. AND CO.
Soloid' Urand Product »—c»nHniuH
SOLOID' BKAND— STRENGTH
.. SiKiium Chloride, lubes of 6 gr. 64
One in 16 fluid ounces of boiled
(sterile) water, for intravenous
injection at loo'F. ^37-8*0.)
,, Sodium Citrate and Sodium
Chloride
mMIIMtll tMt
908
Q Sodii Citratis ...
Sodii Chloridi ...
.. Zinc Chloride...
.. Zinc Permanganate
.. Zinc Sulphate...
gT. 3
gr. 16
gr- 5
gr. 1/8
gr. 10
. . Zinc Sul phocarbolate ( Phenol -
sulphonate) gr. 2
gr. 10
Issued in
bets, of
25
25
bots. of
100
100
100
100
100
Also a wide range of other products issued under the
'Soloid' Brand.
SOLOID' BRAND PRODUCTS FOR
TESTING PURPOSES, etc.
For Urine Analysis
SOLOID' BRAND— STRENGTH
.. Citric Acid gr. I
. , Fehling's Test, for preparing Fehling's
Solution, cartons of 24
., Indigo Test for Sugar
(Sodium Nitrophcnylpropiolate) gr. 1/4
.. Picric Acid ... ... ... ... gr. i
., Potassium Ferrocyanide ... ... gr. i
.. Salicyl-sulphonic Acid... ... ... gr. 2
Issned in
tubes of
20
20
20
16
I'harmacopaeial preparatiom art U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand In
lull, thut:
^■¥r'/!^.T<^'
REMEMBER THE
204 TRADE MARKS FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Soloid' Brand Products for Testing Purposes,
etc. — continued
For Water Analysis
'SOLOID' BRAND— STRENGTH
, Ammonium Chloride o-oooi6 gm.
, Lead Acetate 0-0184 gm.
, Meta-phenylenediamine Sulphate ... ... o-oi gm.
, Oxalic Acid o-i gm.
, Potassium Chromate 00065 gm.
, Potassium Ferrocyanide 0013 gm.
, Potassium Nitrate 000144 gm.
, Potassium Permanganate ... ... ... 0-00395 gm.
, Silver Nitrate 0-0096 gm.
, Soap
, Sodium Acid Sulphate 0-324 gm.
, Zinc Dust 0-13 gm.
, Zinc Sulphide 0-25 gm.
In packages of 1^
,, Nessler's Solution, in hermetically-sealed glass capsules
Boxes of 30 capsules, each containing ... 0-5 c.c.
24 „ ,, ... 2 c.c.
For Sewage Analysis
'SOLOID' RRAND— STRENGTH
„ Oxalic Acid 0-0079 gm.
,, Potassium Permanganate ... ... ... 0-00395 gm.
,, Pyrogal lie Acid 0-032 gm.
,, Sodium Hydroxide ... ... ... ... 0-13 gm.
In packages of 1^
Test Indicators
'SOLOID' BRAND— 'SOLOID' BRAND—
,, *Indigo-Carmine ,, *Phenolphthalein
,, *Lacmoid ,, *Rosolic Acid
,, *Methyl-Orange ,, Starch, 0-5 gm.
*One dissolved in 10 c.c. of solvent forms the Test Indicator.
In tubes of lO
Pharmacopa:ial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
IIIHIMH* TMI
ISSUED BY B. W. AND CO. T«»»t HMM SQS
'Soloid' Brand Products for Testing Purposes.
e t C. — contiHueii
Microscopic Stains
' SOLOID' BRAND— STRENGTH
Hismjirck Brown, pure ... ... ... o-l gni.
Borax Methylene Blue
Ehrlich Triple Stain
Eosin, pure ... ... ... ... ... o-i gm.
Eosin-Azur (for Giemsa staining wiili one
sulution) ... ... ... ... ... 0-038 gm.
Eosin-Mcthylene Blue ( Louis Jenner's Stain) 0-05 gm.
Fuchsine (Basic), pure ... ... ... o-l gm.
Gentian Violet, pure ... ... ... o-i gm.
Gram's Iodine Solution ... ... ... 15 c.c.
lircmalum
Hivmatoxylin, pure ... ... ... ... o-i gm.
Methyl Violet, pure ... ... ... ... o-i gm.
Methylene Blue, pure ... ... ... o-i gm.
Romanow.sky Stain (Leishman's Powder) ... 0-015 g*"-
Romanowsky Stain (Wright's Modification) 0-05 gn».
Sodium Carl)oruite ... ... ... ... 0-05 gm.
Thionin Blue, pure ... ... ... ... o-i gm.
Toison Blood Fluid
/« /uies of 6
Methyl Alcohol, pure (see f age 185^
Culture Media
' SOLOID' BRAND
., Bile Salt Agar- Agar (MacConkey) \
., Nutrient Agar- Agar / In lubes off}
,, Nutrient Broth J
Also a wide range of other products issued under the
• Soloid ' Brand.
Strophanthus Tincture (B. W. & Co.)
( Physioloi^iiaUy Standardised in the WelUome Physio-
logical Research laboratories. )
Prepared in accordance with the United States
Pharmacopteia (Eighth Revision), from carefully-selected
strophanthus seeds.
In bottles containing l« 4, 8 and 16 fluid ounces.
Phamiacopcnal preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
REMEMBER THE
206 TRADE MARKS
FOKMULAKY OK FINK PRODUCTS
Strophanthus, 'Tabloid' Brand ( see page 7.y] )
Suppositories (see ' Enule ' Rectal Suppositories, pages
173-174; '^''^ ' Hazeline ' Suppositories, /a^<? 176^
Surgical Dressings, 'Tabloid' Brand {see pages 169-171)
Syringes, Hypodermic and Serum {see pages 176-177)
'S 'TABLOID' BRAND PRODUCTS
The word 'Tabloid' is a brand which designates fine products
issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co. To ensure the supply of
pure and reliable preparations, this brand should always be
specified when ordering.
' Tabloid ' Brand Products are also issued in bottles of 500, with
the exception of those put up in tubes only.
Under the ' Tabloid ' Brand is issued an immense variety of
drugs and combinations thereof, all prepared from the purest
ingredients. \Vhen using them the physician has power
to administer at any moment the exact dose required, and
that without any measuring or weighing. They
keep unchanged in any climate. Owing to their
extreme portability, supplies may be comfortably
carried in the waistcoat- pocket, and doses taken regularly whilst
following the usual routine of social, professional or commercial
life. ' Tabloid ' Brand products of unpleasant drugs are coated
with a thin film of white sugar, readily soluble in the stomach,
while those intended to act after leaving the stomach are
coated with keratin, soluble only in the alkaline secretions
of the intestine.
Accurate
dosage
TABLOID' BRAND—
A
,, Acetanilide (see Antifebrin^
,, Aconite, each containing the
solid ingredients of Tincture
of Aconite, min. 1/4
,, Aconite, each containing the
solid ingredients of Tincture
of Aconite, min. i ...
I frequently
I frequently
Issued in
oval
bots. of
bots. of
Pharmacop>aeial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Z. J(j( J cdl&uL — — —
Write the
Brand in
full, thus:
•IMfHMII TMI
ISSUKO UV U. W. AM> CO.
TII«M tMIIIK 2U7
'Tabloid' Brand Products-
-c»mtiHue4i
Issued in
TABLOID" KRAM.
DOSK
oval
bots.of
bots. of
.. Aconite, each containing the
solid ingredients of Tincture
of Aconite, min. 5
1 to 3
30
100
.. Al'ifv an'] Iron
I to 2
100
I ;<n^xluct equals one of the
I -.1'. pills.
.. Aloes and Myrrh
Each product equals one of the
U.S. P. pills.
.. Aloin, gr. l/io
>. gr- 1/2
. Aloin Compound
B Aloini gr. 1/5
Strychniiue Sulph. gr. 1/60
Ext. Belladonna; ... gr. 1/8
Pulv. Ipecacuanha: gr. 1/16
\ stomachic and tonic laxative
combination of especial value
in chronic constipation.
.. Animoniated Quinine
i'.ich contains Quinine and
.\maioniun) Bicarbonate to
correspond with one flui-
drachm of the tincture.
Ammonium Bromide, gr. 5 ...
„ gr. 10
Ammonium Carbonate, gr. 3
.\mmonium Chloride, gr. 3 ...
gr. S--
gr. 10
Ammonium Chloride and
Borax
Ammonium Chloride and
Licorice
B .^rnmonii Chloridi... gr. 3
E,xt. Glj-cyrrhizse ... gr. 3
Ammonium Chloride Co.
B Ammonii Chloridi... gr. 1
Fotassii Chloratis ... gr. 3
Pulv. Cubeba: ... gr. 1/4
Ext. (.llycyrrhiza; ... gr. 1
frequently
100 '
to 4
25
to 2 after
SO '
meals, or
I to 3 at
bed- time
100
100
1 repeated
-5
100
if necessary
I to 6
100
I to 3
—
100
I to 3
—
IC»
I to 6
25
100
I to 4
—
100
I to 2
100
I a.s required
JOO
I as required
'-
100
I as required 25 j 100
amiacopttial f>reparations ar€ 1/.S.P. unUss otktrwise staitd
Write the
Brand in
full, thus:
J^j^^-
R£MEMBER THE
208 TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE I'RODUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Products-
-continued
Issued in
oval
bots. of
'TABLOID' BRAND—
DOSE
bets, of
,, Ammonium Hippurate, gr. i
I or more
—
100
,, Antifebrin (Acetanilide), gr. 2
I to 2
25 •
100
gr. 5
I (in special
cases)
25
100
,, Antifebrin Compound
I
100
5 Acetanilidi
(Antifebrini), g^. 2
Camphorae Mono-
bromatJE ... _ ... gr. i
Caffeinae Citratis ... gr. i
,, Antimony Compound Pill
(Plummer Pill), N.F., gr. 4
I to 2
25
100
Each contains approximately :
Sulphurated Antimony, gr. i ;
Mild Mercurous Chloride, gr. I ;
Guaiac, gr. 2.
,, Antimony and Potassium Tartrate
(Tartar Emetic), gr. 1/50...
I to 3
ICX)
—
,, Antipyrine (Phenazone),
gr. 2-1/2
I to 4 or more
25
100
„ gr. 5
I to 4
25
100
,, Antipyrine Compound
I to 4
25
100
]J Antipyrini
(Phenazoni) ... gr. 3
Caffeinae gr. i
Content pure. Dosage accurate.
Disintegration rapid.
„ ' Aol ' (Troi/e Mark), 0-3 gm..
[approx. gr. 5] (Capsule),
a derivative of Santahim
album, boxes of 50
2 or more
—
—
,, Apomorphine Compound
I as required
25
100
5: Apomorphinae
Hydrochjoridi gr. 1/50
Ammonii Chloridi gr. 3
Ext. Glycyrrhizae gr. 1-1/2
„ Apomorphine Hydrochloride,
gr- 1/50 •
I to 3 (expec-
50
—
,, Arsenic Trioxide
torant)
(Arsenous Acid),
gr. i/ioo ...
I to 6
100
—
„ gr. 1/50
I to 3
100
—
„ gr. 1/20
I
100
—
Pharmcuopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
full, thus :
{Jti/i^<!fix4?C
ISSUED BY 8. W. AND CO.
• IMCHMII TMt
TKAOt tuna
'Tabloid' Brand Product • — c»mthnutt
TABLOID' BKAND-
., Arsenical Compound...
K Arseni Trioxidi ... p. i/ioo
Ferri Siilph. Kxsicc. gr. i
Calcii .Sul())ii(li ... tj. 1/4
Ext. Gentiaiue ... gr. 3
., Arsenous Iodide and Mer-
curic Iodide...
One represents rain, s of Lici.
Arseni et Hydrargyri lodidi
^Donovan Solution) contain-
ing Arsenous and Mercuric
Iodides, of each gr. 1/31
(approx.)
,, Asafetida and Opium Com-
pound
B Asafcetidz,
Camphorae,
Pulv. Opii,
Pulv. Piperis Nigri aa gr. i
.. ' Aspirin,' gr. 5
.. Atropine Sulphate,
0-0005 £">• [gr- '/130]
B
. , Belladonna Extract, each con-
taining the solid ingredients
of Tincture of Belladonna
Leaves... ... min. I
,, Belladonna Extract, each con-
taining the solid ingredients
of Tincture of Belladonna
Leaves... ... min. 5
., Benzoic Acid, gr. 5 ...
.. Benzonaphthol, gr. 5
., Bctanaphthol, gr. 3 ...
,, Bctanaphthol Compound
B r. - .. gr. I
( ... gr. 4
( • : ■ I'lp.... mm. i/a
DOSE
I to 2
I to 4
I to 2
I to 3
I oval
boiB.of
Iwuedin
bots.of
I frequently
I to 3
I to 3
I to 2
I to 3
I to 4
25
25
48
25
Pharmacopteial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
210
TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Products—
continued
Issued in
'TABLOID' BRAND—
DOSE
oval
bots. of
bots. of
,, Bismuth and Dover Powder
I
to 6
—
100
Tfi BismuthiSubnit.... gr. 2-1/2
Pulv. Ipecacuanhas
et Opii ... gr. 2-1/2
,, Bismuth and Soda ...
I 10401- more
—
100
^ BismuthiSubnit gr. 2-1/2
Sodii Bicarbonatis gr. 2-1/2
,, Bismuth, Rhubarb and Soda...
I
to 4
25
100
5: BismuthiSubnit.... gr. 3
Pulv. Rhei ... gr. i
Sodii Bicarbonatis gr. 2
Pleasant and easy to take. By
its u.se the unpleasantness of
the ordinary nauseous mixture
is avoided.
,, Bismuth Subcarbonate, gr. 5
I
to 4
25
100
,, Bismuth Subgallate, gr. 5 ...
I
to 4
25
100
„ Bismuth Subnitrate, gr. 5 ...
I
to 4
25
lOO
gr. 10...
I
to 2
100
,, Bismuth Subsalicylate {Physio-
logically Pure), gr. 5
I
to 4
25
100
,, Blaud {Pil. Ferrugin. ), gr. 5...
I
to 3
100
,, >, ,, gr. 10...
I
to 2
—
100
Permanently representing 20 per
cent, of ferrous carbonate
,, Blaud Pill and Aloin...
I
to 4
—
100
1^ Pil. Ferrugin. (Blaud) gr. 5
(= 20 % Ferri Carbonatis)
Aloini gr. 1/20
,, Blaud Pill and Arsenic
I
to 4
—
100
1^ Pil. Ferrugin. (Blaud) gr. 5
(= 20 % Ferri Carbonatis)
Arseni Trio.xidi ... gr. 1/64
,, Blaud Pill, Arsenic and
Strychnine
I
to 4
—
100
B Pil. Ferrugin. (Blaud)gr. 5
(= 20 % Ferri Carbonatis)
Arseni Trioxidi ... gr. i/ioo
Strychninae gr. i/ioo
,, Blaud Pill and Cascara
I
increased
—
100
'^ Pil. Ferrugin. (Blaud) gr. 5
(= 20% Ferri Carbonatis)
Ext. Cascar. Sagrad. gr. 1/2
to 4
Pharmacopaial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
full, thus :
I
ISSUKD BV
W. ANU CO.
HtHtHMII THt
TKAM tuna 211
w
Tabtoid' Brand Prodncta-
■c»Htiinud
Issued in
TABLOID' BRAND—
DOSE
oval
bois.or
bots.of
.. Blaud Pill Compound
I
—
100
B Pil. Fem^n. ( Blaud) gT_. lo
( = 3o % Ferri Carbonatis)
Puly.Capsici ... gr. 1/4
AJoini gr. 1/30
Slrychnina gr. 1/30
Arseni Trioxidi ... gr. 1/30
. Blaud Pill, Nux Vomica and
Cascara
I to 4
—
100
9 Pil. Ferrudin. (Blaud) gr. 3
(= »o Tf, Ferri Carbonatis)
Ext. Nucis Vomicae gr. i/io
Ext. Cascar. Sagrad. gr. i
.. Blue Pill, gr. 4
I to 2
25
100
Kach contains gr. 1-1/3 of P*"^
Meullic Mercury
. Blue Pill and Rhubarb Com-
pound
I to 2
—
100
B Ma-ssa; Hydrargyri ... gr. a-i/a
Pil. Rhei Comp. ... gr. 2-1/a
., Blue Pill, Colocynlh and
1 iyoscyamus
I to 2
25
100
9 Maaaae Hydrarg)Ti ... gr. 2
Pil. Coloc>-nthidui et
Hyoscyami ... gr. 4
„ Blue Pill, Squill and Digitalis
I to 2
—
too
Pulv. Scilla! ... gr. 1-1/3
Pulv. Digitalis ... gr. s
. , Bone Medulla, gr. 5 (Capsule),
Ijoxesofso
I or more
—
—
. . Borax (Sodium Borate), gr. 5
I to 4 or more
25
100
Boric Acid, gr. 5
I to 3
—
roo
Bromides Compound {see
Sodium BromideCompound)
.. Butyl-Chloral Hydrate and
Gelsemine
I
—
100
B Butyl-Chloral
Hydratis... gr. 3
Gelseminz
Hydrochloridi ... (r. i/aoo
armattpaial pnparatuHS an U.S.P. hhUss otktrmise staUd
Write the
Braod in
full, thus:
f
REMEMBER THE
212 TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Products-
-continued
Issued in
'TABLOID' BRAND—
C
,, Caffeine, Citrated, gr. 2
UOSE
oval
bots. of
bots. of
I or more
100
,, Caffeine Compound (see Anti-
pyrine Compound, page 208)
,, Calcium Carbonate Compound
I to 4 before
25
100
]J Calcii Carb. Praecip. gr. 3-1/2
Mag. Carb. Pond. gr. 2-1/2
Bismuthi Subcarb. gr. 2
meals, or i
occasionally
,, Calcium lodo-ricinoleate, gr. 3,
(Capsule), boxes of 50
I to 3
—
—
,, Calcium Lactate, gr. 5
I to 3
25
100
,, Calcium Sulphide, gr. i/io ...
I or more
ICX)
—
gr. 1/4 ■••
I to 4
—
100
gr. 1/2 ...
I to 2
—
ICX)
gr. I
I
—
100
,, Calomel (Hydrarg. Chlor.
Mit.), gr. i/io, gr. 1/6,
gr. 1/4 and gr. 1/2 ...
I repeated
100
—
gr- I
I to 5
—
100
gr. 2
I to 3
—
100
gr. 3
I to 2
—
100
gr. 5
I
—
100
Prepared with pure sublimed
English Mercurous Chloride
,, Calomel and Creosote
I to 5
—
100
5 Hydrarg. Chlor. Mit. gr. 1/6
Creosoti min. i
,, Calomel and Jalap
I to 4
—
ICX)
5 Hydrarg. Chlor. Mit. gr. i
Pulv. Jalapje ... gr. 2
,, Calomel and Piperine, of each
gr. 1/2
I repeated
—
100
,, Calomel, gr. i/io, and Sodium
Bicarbonate, gr. i
I repeated
25
100
,, Calomel, gr. 1/4, and Sodium
Bicarbonate, gr. I ...
I or more
25
ICX»
Pharmacopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
full, thus
: yY ^<xJ-^fCi/x — —
W. ANLl CO.
milCUIIII THI
TiuM Mum* 213
'Tabloid' Brand Product »—c»hHhuuI
Issued in
oval
bots. of
'TABLOID' BRAND—
UOSK
hnti.of
,, Calomel, gr. 1/2, and Sodium
Bicarbonate, gr. 2-1/2
I or more
25
100
,, Calomel, gr. i, and Sodium
Bicarbonate, gr. 5
I or more
25
100
,, Camphorated Opium, each
containing the solid ingre-
dients of Camphorated Tinc-
ture of Opium (Paregoric),
min. 2
I frequently
100
—
,, Camphorated Opium, each
containing the solid ingre-
dients of Camphorated Tinc-
ture of Opium (Paregoric),
min. 5
I frequently
48
100
,, Camphorated Opium, each
containing the solid ingre-
dients of Camphorated Tinc-
ture of Opium (Paregoric),
min. 15
I to 4
36
too
,, Cane Sugar, gr. 3
—
100
,, Cannabis Indica (see Indian
Cannabis Extract)
,, Capsicum, each containing the
solid ingredients of Tincture
of Capsicum, min. I
I fi-equently
100
—
,, Capsicum, each containing the
solid ingredients of Tincture
of Capsicum, min. 5
I to 3 or more
—
100
,, Capsules —
.SV^ ' Aol,' Bone Medulla, Calcium
lodo-ricinoleate, Carbolic Acid.
Castor Oil, Juniper Oil, Phenol
and Menthol Compound, Sandal
Wood Oil, Terebene, Turpentine
Oil, Rectified.
,, Carlx)lic Acid (Phenol ),gr. 1/4
andgr. ijzi for the throat)...
I as required
25
100
,, Carbolic Acid (Phenol), gr. I
(Capsule), lK)xes of 24
I to 3
—
—
Pharmtuopcrial fn-eparatiom are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
fttU, thus :
Qk^
Ufo^-
REMEMBER THE
214 TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Product s— continued
TABLOID' BRAND-
,, Carbolic Acid, gr. 1/2, with
Slippery Elm, bottles of 25
,, Carlsbad Salt, Effervescent,
Artificial, N.F., tubes of 25
,, CascaraSagrada(Dry Extract),
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr-
gr-
reliability
DOSE
I occasionally
I or more as
desired
I or more
I to 4
I to 3
I to 2
I as required
The un iform
' Tabloid ' Cascara Sagrada
has established for it the
premier position in the esti-
mation of physicians through-
out the world.
Cascara Compound ...
IJ Ext. Cascar. Sagrad. gr. i
Ext. Euonymi ... gr. 1/2
Iridini gr. 1/2
Ext. Nucis Vomicse gr. 1/16
Ext. Hyoscyami Vir. gr. 1/3
Cascara and Gentian
Compound
"^ Ext. Cascar. Sagrad. gr. 2
Ext. Nucis Vomicae gr. 1/5
Ext. Belladonnse
Ext. Gentianse
Capsicini
gr. i/io
gr. I
gr. i/io
Castor Oil, min. 5, (Capsule),
boxes of 50
Cathartic Compound...
T^ Ext. Colocynth. Co. gr. 1-1/3
Hydrarg. Chlor. Mit. gr. i
Resinse Jalapee ... %'^- ilz
Pulv. Cambogiae ... gr. 1/4
A cathartic compound of excep-
tional purity of ingredients and
of proved reliability.
Cerebrin, gr. 5
Cerium Oxalate, gr. 5
Charcoal (Pure Willow), gr. 5,
bottles of 40
Issued in
hots, of
oval
bots. of
I to 4
I to 3
I or more
I to 2
I or more
I to 2
I or more as
required
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
Pharmacopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
full, thus :
{JO/i^^U^
ISSUBO BV B.
MMCItaCK TMC
TlUOa HAIIKS
215
'Tabloid' Brand P roiuct a— co-xiinud
Issued in
oval
hots of
'TABLOID' BRAND—
DOSE
bots.or
,, Chloralformamide (Chlorala-
tnidc), gr. 5
3 to 6
—
100
., Chloral, Hydrated, gr. 5 ...
I to 4
—
100
gr. 10 ...
I to 2
—
100
,, Chocolate, gr. 60, boxes of 12
—
—
,, Cinchona, each containing
the solid ingredients of
Tincture of Cinchona,
min. 30
I to 2
36
100
,, Cinchona Compound, Red,
each containing the solid
ingredients of Compound
Tincture of Cinchona,
min. 30
I to 2
25
100
,, Citric Acid, gr. 5
I to 4
—
100
Cocaine Hydrochloride {see
' Soloid ' Brand products)
,, Cocaine Co. with Potassium
Chlorate and Borax (see
Voice, fia^e 240)
., Coctja, gr. 60, boxes of 12 ...
—
—
,, Codeine, gr. 1/4
I to 4 or more
25
100
gr. 1/2
I to 4
25
100
,, Codeine and Benzoic Acid
Conip>ound ...
I as required
25
100
Q Cocaiiue
Hydrochloridi ... gr. 1/40
Codcinae gr. i/io
A'i<'i Benzoic! ... gr. i/a
M- Jiolis gr. i/io
1 . ■. Ipecacuanhz gr. i/io
u;. Mcnthae Piperiue min. 1/16
(jummi Rubri ... f.s.
Hii;hly efficient in the irritating
cough of pharyngitis, etc.
., Codeine and Benzoic Acid
Compound, without Cocaine
I as required
25
100
I)iflrcrs from firc);oinz only in
that no Cocaine is added.
Pharmacopaial preparatums art U.S. P. $tnltss otherrvise stated
Write the
Brand in
fUl. thua: ^^ y ^
'cMotcO
REMEMBER THE
216 TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE I'KODUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Products— coni/nueii
TABLOID' BRAND—
,, Codeine and Nux Vomica
5; Codeinae Phosphatis gr. i
Ext. Nucis Vomicas gr. 1/4
DOSE
I to 2
I to 4 or more
'Coffee- Mint'
'^ Sodii Bicarb. ... gr. 3
Ammonii Bicarb.... gr. 1/16
E.\t. Coffese ... gr. 1/2
Cerii Oxalatis ... gr. 1/4
01. Menthae Piperitae f.s.
Diffusible stimulant, especially
valuable in flatulence, in the
nausea associated with liver
disorder, and in the vomiting
of pregnancy.
Colchicine Salicylate, gr. 1/32 i to 2
Colocynth and Hyoscyamus,
N.F. Pill I to 2
Each product equals one of the
N.F. pills.
Colocynth Compound, N.F.
Pill
Each product equals one of the
N.F. pills.
Corrosive Sublimate (see
Hydrarg. Perchlor., fage 221)
Cotarnine Hydrochloride,
gr. 3/4, bottles of 25
Cubeb and Belladonna, Effer-
vescent
^ Pulv. CubebsE ... gr. 1/2
Ext. Belladonnae ... gr. 1/20
Cubeb Compound
1^ Oleo-resinse Cubebse gr. 1/4
Ammonii Chloridi... gr. 1/2
GlycjTrhizini ... gr. 1/4
Issued in
bots. of
oval
bots. of
25
25
I to 2
I to 3
I as required
I as required
,, Dentifrice
,, Didymin (Testicular
stance), gr. 5
,, Digitalin (Amorphous),
i/ioo
Sub-
I increased
to 4
I to 3
25
50
Pharmacopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
full, thus
: Jh( J cull-
euliio^ — —
ISSUED BV B. W. AND CO.
TIIAM MA«a
217
'Tabloid' Brand Product »-c»mtinu*d
Issued in
'TABLOID' BRAND—
IK>SB
oval
bots.of
bots.or
,, Digitalis, each containing the
solid ingredients of Tincture
of Digitalis, min. i
I frequently
100
—
,, Digitalis, each containing the
solid ingredients of Tincture
of Digitalis, min. 5
!
48
100
,, Dono\-an Solution {see -\rsen-
ous and Mercuric Iodide)
,, Dover Powder [see Ipecac and
Opium Powder)
E
,, Easton Syrup (see Phosphates
of Iron, Quinine and Strych-
nine)
,, Effervescent Products
See Carlsbad Salt, Cubeb and
Belladonna, KLssingen Salt,
Lithium Citrate, Lithium
Citrate and Urotropine, Mag-
nesium Citrate, Magnesium
Sulphate, Magnesium Sul-
phate Compound, Piperazine,
(Quinine BLsulphate and Potas-
sium Citrate, Seltzer S.alt,
Sodium Phosphate, Sodium
Sulphate, Sodium Sulphate
Compound, Three Bromides,
Vichy Salts.
,, Elaterin, gr. 1/40
I to 4
25
—
., Ergot Extract (Ergotin), gr. I
I to 4 or more
—
100
'. .. ., „ gr. 2
I to 4
—
100
• gr- 3
I to 3
—
100
,, Ergotin and Strychnine
I to 2
—
100
B Ext. Er^ota; (Ergotini) gr. 3
Strychnina: Sulphatis gr. i/jo
„ Erythrol Tetranitrate (Tetra-
nitrin), gr. 1/4, tubes of 25...
1 to 4
—
—
., Erythrol Tetranitrate (Tetra-
nitrin), gr. 1/2
I to 2
25
—
Pharmacopatial prepttrcUions are U.S. P. unltss otktrwise sttUed
/.U^r-^' — — —
Write the
Brand in
full, that:
/
REMEMBER THE
218 TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Products-
-continued
Issued in
oval
bots. of
'TABLOID' BRAND—
DOSE
bots. of
,, Erythrol Tetranitrate (Tetra-
nitrin), gr. I
I
12
—
,, Euonymus Extract (Euony-
min), gr. i/8
I to 4 or more
50
—
,, Euonymus Extract (Euony-
min), gr. 1/2
I to 4
50
—
„ Exalgine, gr. 2
F
,, Fellis Bovis Purificati (see Ox
I to 2
—
100
Bile, pa^e 229)
„ Fellis Porcini Purificati (see
Pig Bile, page 231)
,, Ferric Chloride, gr. 1-1/4 ...
I
—
100
Each represents the amount of
Ferric Chloride contained in
min. 10 of Tinct. Ferri Chlor.
with a small quantity of am-
monium chloride as vehicle.
,, Ferric Chloride and Arsenic...
I
—
100
3; Ferri Chlor. gr. i-i/4( = Tinct.
Ferri Chlor., min. 10)
Arseni Trioxidi ... gr. 1/30
,, Ferri Reducti (see Reduced
Iron, page 234)
,, Ferri Sulphatis Exsicc. (see
Iron Sulphate, dried, page 223]
,, Ferruginous (see Blaud Pill
and combinations, page 210)
,, Ferrum (see Iron, page 223)
G
,, Ginger, each containing the
solid ingredients of Essence
of Ginger (i in 2), min. 5 ...
I to 4
48
100
,, Ginger, each containing the
solid ingredients of Essence
of Ginger (i in 2), min. 10
I to 2
—
100
Fharmacopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand it
fuU, thus
\ ^yj2 ^Cov-i^^
ISSUKD BY B.
mttlltMK TM(
aig
'Tabloid' Brand P to Aact li-coHtinutd
• TABLOID' BRAND— DOSB
. , Cilycerophosphates Compound,
dr. 1/2 I to 8
Each presents the amount of
Calcium, Sodium, Potassium,
Magnesium and Iron (ilycero-
phusphatcs, with Strjxnnine,
Glycerophosphate, gr. 1/800,
Pepsin, Diastase and Kola,
contained in i/a fluid drachm of
Syrup of Glycerophosphates.
Presents Phosphorus in the
organic condition, as it is found
in the s)-stem.
„ Glyceryl Trinitrate
(see Trinitrin, page 239)
,, Granulated Opium (see Opium,
Granulated, page 228)
,, Green Dye, Aniline, gr. 30,
tubes of 12 ...
,, Gr^ory Powder (see Bhubarb
Compound Powder./ofd? 234)
,, Grey Powder
(Hydrarg. cum Creta)
gr. 1/4, gr. 1/3,
and gr. 1/2
• .. M gr- I
M ,. » gr. 2
.. M .. gr. 3
.. .. Mgr. 5
The 'Tabloid' products contain
j8 per cent, of pure Metallic
Mercury.
Dover
1/2 ...
Dover
I
lercury.
Grey Powder and
Powder, of each gr.
Grey Powder and
Powder, of each gr.
Grey Powder and Opium
]$ Hydrarg. cum Cretit gr. i
Pulveris Opii ... gr. 1/6
I repeated
I to 5
I to 3
I to 2
I
I to s or more
Issued in
hots, of
oval
bots. of
25
100
100
I toS
I to 5
100
ICX>
100
100
100
Fharmacopaial prepttrations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brftod in
full, thus:
j^j^'
REMEMBER THE
TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Products-
•TABLOID' BRAND—
,, Grey Powder, Opium and
Quinine
!§! Extract! Opii ... gr. i/6
Hydrarg. cum Creta gr. 1-1/2
Quininae Sulphatis gr. 1-1/2
,, Grey Powder, gr. 1/2, and
Sodium Bicarb., gr. 2-1/2...
,, Grey Powder, gr. i, and
Sodium Bicarbonate, gr. 5
,, Guaiac, gr. 5 ...
,, Guaiac and Quinine Comp.
IJ; Guaiaci ... ... gr. 2
Sulphuris ... ... gr. 2
Quininse Salicylatis gr. 1/2
,, Guaiac and Sulphur ...
5: Guaiaci ... ... gr. 3
Sulphuris PrsEcip. ... gr. 3
,, Guaiacol Camphorate, gr. 5
,, Guaiacol Carbonate, gr. 5 ...
H
-continued
DOSE
I to 3
I repeated
I to 5
I to 3
I to 4
I to 4
I to 2
I to 2
I or more
Haemoglobin, gr. 5 ...
Heroin Hydrochloride, gr. 1/25 i to 4
gr. i/io I
Hydrarg. , Colocynth et Hyoscy.
(j£(? Blue Pill, Colocynth and
Hyoscyamus, page 211)
Hydrargyri Chloridi Mitis and
combinations {see Calomel
and combinations, /a^i?2i2)
Hydrarg. c. Creta and com-
binations {see Grey Powder
and combinations, page 219)
Hydrarg. lodid. Flavi, gr. 1/8 i to 4
Hydrarg. lodid. Rubri, gr. 1/20 i
,, gr- 1/16 1
Issued in
bots. of
oval
bots. of
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
50
50
Pharmacopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
^Vrite the
Brand in
full, thus
; ^f Ja/^^^^
maiMMii to*
ISSUBO BV B. W. AMD CO.
aai
Tabloid' Brand Product s-
-coHtinued
Issued in
oval
bots. of
TABLOID' BRANu—
DOSE
bots.or
, , I lydrarg. lodid. Viridis, gr. l/8
I to 4
increased
50
—
,. Hydrargyri Perchloridi (Mer-
curic Chloride), gr. i/loo ...
I to 4 or more
lOQ
—
,, Hydrargyri Perchloridi (Mer-
curic Chloride), gr. 1/16 ...
I
100
—
„ Hydrarg. Perchlor., gr. 1/32,
et Potassii lodidi, gr. 2-1/2
I to 2
—
100
,, Hydrarg. Perchlor., gr. 1/16,
et Potass. lodidi, gr. 5
I
100
,, Hydrastine Compound
I to 3
25
100
3 Hydrastina;
repeated
Hydrochloridi gr. 1/4
Cannabinac Tannatts gr. i/a
Ext. Ergotje
(Ergotini), gr. i/a
,, Hydrastine Compound and
Cotarnine Hydrochloride...
I to 3
25
100
B Hydrastinsc
repeated
Hydrochloridi gr. 1/4
Coumina:
Hydrochloridi gr. 1/4
Cannabinz Tannatis gr. 1/2
Ext. Ergotae
(Ergotini), gr. i/a
,, Hydrastine Hydrochloride,
gr- 1/4
I to 4
repeated
—
100
, . Hydrated Chloral {see Chloral,
Hydrated, /Vj^nf 215)
,, Hyoscyamus, each containing
the solid ingredients of
Tincture of Hyoscyamus,
min. 10
I to 4 or more
36
ICX)
,, Hypodermic Products
(seepages 178-182;
„ Hypophosphites Compound,
gr. I-I/2
I to 2
25
100
Each contains : Calcium, Potas-
sium.Sodium, Manganese,Iron
and Quinine Hypophosphites,
with gr. 1/128 of Strychnine
Hypophosphite.
Pkarnuuopecial preparatioits are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
full, thus:
y
'oU^CoicU
REMEMBER THE
222 TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Products — continued
TABLOID' BRAND—
,, liypophosphites Compound,
gr-Sy
Containing gr. 1/64 of Strychnine
Hypophosphite.
Hypophosphites
and Creosote
Compound
Each contains : Creosote, min. i,
and gr. 3 of the combined
Hypophosphites of Calcium,
Sodium, Potassium, Man-
ganese, Iron and Quinine, with
gr. 1/6.). of Strychnine Hypo-
phosphite.
Ichthyol, gr. 2-1/2
Indian Cannabis Extract,
each containing Extract
equivalent to Tincture of
Indian Cannabis, min. 5 ...
Ipecac Powder, gr. i/io
gr- 5
Ipecac deprived of its
Emetic Principles, gr. 5 ...
Ipecac with Antimony and
Potassium Tartrate, of each
gr. i/ioo
Ipecac Extract, each contain-
ing the solid ingredients of
Wine of Ipecac, min. 5
Ipecac and Opium Powder
(Dover Powder), gr. 1/4 ...
Each contains Opium and Ipecac,
of each gr. 1/40
Ipecac and Opium Powder
(Dover Powder), gr. 5
Each contains Opium and Ipecac,
of each gr. 1/2
-continued
DOSE
Issut
oval
bots. of
I
25
I
—
I to 4
25
I to 3
48
I frequently
I every hour
ICX3
I to 4 or more
—
I frequently
—
I to 3
( expectora?it )
50
I frequently
100
I to 3
25
bots. of
Pharmacopaial preparations are U. S. P. unless other-wise stated
AVrite the
Brand in
full, thus :
u cU'louL —
KUtCMMII THI
ISltUKD BY m.
'Tabloid' Brand Product s-
continutd
Issued in
oval
bots. of
' TABLOID' BRANi.—
r)OSE
bots.of
,, Ipecac with Squill
I to 2
—
100
Each contains approximately :
Ipecac and Opium, of each
BT. 1/5, Powdered Squill and
Powdered Ammoniacum, of
each gr. 3/3
,, Iridin Compound
I to 2
25
100
9 Iridini gr. a
Ext. Hyoscj-ami Vir. gr. 1/2
Pil. Rhei Comp. ... gr. 1-1/2
,, Iron and Arsenic Compound
I to 3
■ —
100
9 Ferri Hypophosphitis gr. 3
Quinime .Sulphatis ... gr. i
Arseni Trioxidi ... gr. 1/50
Slrj-chnina: Sulphatis gr. 1/50
Tonic, stimulant, hzmatinic and
alterative.
,, Iron, Arsenic and Digitalin...
I to 3
25
100
Q Ferri Phosphatis Sol. gr. 3
Arseni Trioxidi ... gr. i/ioo
Digitalini (.\morph.) gr. i/ioo
,, Iron Carbonate, Saccharated,
PS
I to 6
—
100
,, Iron Glycerophosphate, gr. 3
I to 2
25
TOO
,, Iron Phosphate with Quinine
and Strychnine {seepage 230)
,, Iron Pill {see Blaud, page 210)
,, Iron and Quinine Citrate,
gr- 3
1 to 3
25
100
,, Iron, Reduced {see Reduced
Iron, page 234)
„ Iron and Strychnine Phos-
phates
I
25
100
Q Kerri Phosphatis Sol. gr. i
Strychniruc Phosphatis gr. 1/32
,, Iron Sulphate, Dried, gr. 3...
I
—
100
,, Iron Valerate, gr. i ...
J
„Jalap, gr. 5
I or more
—
ICO
I to 4
100
Phannacopaial preparations are U.S. P. mhUss otherwise stated
/^U^,.^ ' — — —
Write the
Braod in
full, thus:
REMEMBER THE
224 TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Products-
'TABLOID' BRAND—
-continueJ
DOSE
Issu
oval
hots, of
;d in
bots. of
,, Juniper Oil, min. 3 (Capsule),
boxes of 50 . . .
I
-^
—
K
,, Kino Com pound Powder, N.F.,
gr-5
I to 4
_
100
Each contains : Kino, gr. 3-3/4 ;
Opium, gr. 1/4 ; and Cinnamon,
gr. I,
,, Kissingen Salt, Effervescent,
Artificial, N.F., tubes of 25
I or more
as required
, , Krameria and Cocaine
Qi Ext. Krameriae ... gr. i
CocainsE Hydrochlor. gr. 1/20
L
,, Laudanum {see Opium, Granu-
lated, page 228)
I occasionally
25
IC»
,, Laxative Vegetable ...
5 Ext. Colocynth. Co. gr. i
Ext. JalapsE ... ... gr. 1/2
Resinas Podophylli ... gr. 1/4
Leptandrini ... ... gr. 1/2
Ext. Hyoscyami Vir. gr. 1/4
Ext. Taraxaci ... gr. 1/4
01. Menthae Pip. ... f.s.
A purely vegetable laxative and
cholagogue prepared with
drugs of exceptional purity.
I to 3
25
100
„ Lead with Opium, N.F. Pill
Each product equals one of the
N.F. Pills.
I
—
100
,, Lithium Benzoate Compound
B; Lithii Benzoatis ... gr. 3
Sulphuris Praecip. ... gr. 2
Quininae Salicylatis ... gr. 1/3
I to 4 or more
100
,, Lithium Carbonate, gr. 2 ...
I to 3
—
100
,, Lithium Citrate, gr. 5, Effer-
vescent, bottles of 25
I to 2
_
100
Pharmacopccial preparations are U.S. P. tin/ess otherwise stated
Write the
Brand
full, thus
»: -^ Y^
■CMtMMII THI
ISSUSD BV B.
996
Tabloid' Brand Products—
continued
Issued in
oval
hots, of
TABLOID' BRAND—
DOSE
bots.of
.. Lithium Citrate, Eflrer\'escent,
gr. 60, lubes of 25
I to 2
—
—
Each contains about gr. 3 of
Lithium Citrate.
., Lithium Citrate and Sodium
Sulphate, EfTervescent, tubes
of25
I to 2
—
—
Q Liihii Citratb gr. 5
Sodii Sulphatis ... gr. 30
,, Lithium Citrate and Uro-
tropine, Effervescent, tubes
of2S
I or more
—
—
3 Liihii Citratis ... gr. 5
Urotropina: ... ... gr. 3
Sails Effervescentis q-s.
Livingstone Rouser [.see
Quinine and Rhubarb Com-
pound, page 232)
,. 'Lodal' (Trade Mark) (6:7-
Dimethoxy - 2 - methyl -3:4-
dihydro/joqninolinium
Chloride), gr. i
I
25
100
M
„ Magenta Dye, Aniline, gr. 30,
tubes of 12
—
—
,, Magnesium Carbonate Com-
pound
I to 4
25
100
9 Magnesii Carbonatis gr. 3
Pota.ss. Bicarbonatis gr. 3
Sodii Bicarbonatis ... gr. 3
,, Magnesium Citrate {True),
Effervescent, gr. 60, tubes
of25
I to 3
—
—
,, Magnesium Sulphate, Effer-
vescent, gr. 60, tubes of 25
I t,.4
—
—
Each represents gr. 30 of Mag-
nesium Sulphate.
PkarmaeopaicU preparations are U.S. P. unless othtrwise staled
Write the
Brand In
full, thus:
ck^kc^' — — —
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Products-
-continued
Issued in
'TABLOID' BRAND—
DOSE
oval
bots. of
bot.s. of
,, Magnesium Sulphate Com-
pound, Effervescent, tubes
of25
I to 4
—
—
5 Magnesii Sulphatis gr. 15
Sodii Sulphatis ... gr. 15
Magnesii Carbonatis gr. 5
Liq. Zingiberis, N.F. min. 3-1/2
,, Magnesium Sulphite, gr. 5 ...
I frequently
—
100
,, ' Mamos ' {Trade Mark) {for-
merly known as ' Tabloid '
Mammary Gland), gr. 5...
I increased
100
,, Manganese Citrate (soluble),
gr- 3
I to 3
25
—
„ Manganese Citrate (soluble).
gr- 5
I to 2
25
—
,, Manganese Peroxide, gr. 2...
I to 5
25
100
,, Manganese and Iron Citrate
(soluble), gr. 3
I to 3
25
100
,, Manganese and Iron Citrate
(soluble), gr. s
I to 2
25
I<X)
,, Manganese and Iron Citrate
with Quinine (soluble), gr. 3
I to 3
25
—
Each contains Quinine,approxi-
mately gr. 1/2.
,, Manganese and Iron Citrate
with Quinine (soluble), gr. 5
I to 2
25
—
Each contains Quinine, gr. 3/4.
,, Manganese and Iron Citrate
with Strychnine (soluble).
gr- I
I to 3
25
100
Each contains Strychnine,
gr. i/ioo.
,, Manganese and Iron Phos-
phate (soluble), gr. 3
I to 3
25
ICO
,, Manganese and Iron Phos-
phate (soluble), gr. 5
I to 2
25
100
Pharmcuopceial preparations are U.S. P. ttnless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
full, thus:
l/o/^-^^-oipC
ISSUSD BY B. W. AND CO.
MHIHUII TMC
TMM HMM
987
'Tabloid' Brand Product a-
■continutd
Issued in
TABLOID' iiRANU—
DOSK
oval
bots.of
bots.of
., Medulla, Bone (j«/a^ 21 1)
.. Menthol, gr. 1/4, bottles of 40
I repeated
100
.. Menthol Compound ...
I to 4
100
9 MenthoUs gr. 1/2
Sodii Bicarl>onatts... gr. 3
Sacch.-ixini gr. 1/6
Prepared with Menthol of ex-
ceptional quality.
., Mercurous Chloride (see
Calomel, /a^ 212)
,, Mercuric Chloride {see
Hydrarg. Perchlor., pa^ 221)
,, Mercuric Potassium Iodide,
(formerly known as Iodic-
Hydrarg.^, gr. 1/6
I
—
100
,, Mercury preparations.
{see under Hydrargyrum,
Calomel and Grey Powder)
,, Methylene Blue, gr. 2
I to 2
— .
100
,, Milk Sugar, gr. 3
— '
100
., Mineral Water Salts, Effer-
vescent, Artificial {see Carls-
bad, Kissingen, Seltzer and
Vichy)
,, Morphine and Emetine,
bottles of 50
I
—
■
Q Morphina: Sulphatis gr. 1/40
Emetina; Hydrobrom. gr. 1/80
,, Morphine, Strychnine and
Belladonna
I as required
25
100
S Murphins Sulphatis gr. 1/12
Strychnina: Sulphatis gr. t/Co
Ext. Belladonna; ... gr. i/ao
,, Morphine Sulpliate, gr. 1/20
I to 4 or more
50
.. .. .. gr. 1/8
I to 4
SO
—
gr. 1/4
I to 2
SO
—
Phartnacofaiai preparations are U.S.P, unless otherwise stated
^ ,
vevUoicO
Write the
Brand in
full, thus:
y
REMEMBER THE
228 TRADE HARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
I frequently
I to 3
'Tabloid' Brand ProAucts— continued
'TABLOID' BRAND— DOSE
,, Mucin Compound ... ... 2 or more
5; Mucini ... ... gr. 5
Sodii Bicarbonatis gr. 5
N
,, Nitroglycerin (see Trinitrin,
page 239;
,, Nuclein, gr. i i or more
,, Nux Vomica, each containing
the solid ingredients of Tinc-
ture of Nux Vomica, min. i
,, Nux Vomica, each containing
the solid ingredients of Tinc-
ture of Nux Vomica, min. 5
,, Nux Vomica, each containing
the solid ingredients of Tinc-
ture of Nux Vomica, min. 10
,, Nux Vomica Compound
'^ Ext. Nucis Vomicae,
Aloini,
Ferri Sulphatis,
Pulv. Myrrhae,
Pulv. Saponis aa gr. 1/2
Stomachic and tonic aperient,
of special value in chronic
constipation.
,, Ophthalmic Products (see
pages 186, 187J
„ Opium, gr. 1/2
„ gr. I
,, Opium, Granulated, each con-
taining the solid ingredients
of Tincture of Opium
(Laudanum), min. 2
Issued in
oval
I bots. of
25
to 3
I to 4
I to 2
I to 5
48
36
25
bots. of
ICX)
100
100
ICX)
48
Pharviacopiaial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
fiiU, thus
!^ '^.
cdi(H/i^ — — —
UMCMSCa TM(
ISSUBD BY B. W. AND CO.
Product S — eoHiinued
DOSE
'Tabloid' Brand
TABLOID' BRAND—
,, Opium, Granulated, each con-
taining the solid ingredients
of Tincture of Opium
(Laudanum), min. 5 ... i to 3
,, Opium, Granulated, each con-
taining the solid ingredients
of Tincture of Opium
(Laudanum), min. 10 ... i
,, Ovarian Substance {see
' Varium ')
,, Ox Bile (Purified), gr. 4 ... i to 4
Pancreatin {see * Pepana ')
Papain, gr. 2 i to 4
Paregoric {su Camphorated
Opium, page 213)
Pastilles (see pages 187-189^
Pelletierine Tannate, gr. 2 . . . i to 4
' Pepana' {Trade Mark) ... I to 3
(Gastro-enteric digestive)
fi Pepsini... _ gr. i
Pancreatini gr. i
Calcii Lactophosphatis gr. i
.Scientifically prepared for the
treatment of dyspeptic condi-
tions affecting botn stomach
and intestine.
Pepsin, Bismuth and Charcoal i to 3
B P<-p«ini gr. a
I': ':i.:ihiSubcarbonatis gr. 3
' ' ais Ligni ... gr. 2
1 'igrstive, sedative and absor-
licnt, of special service in
fl.-ilulent dyspepsia.
Pepsin and Strychnine
B Pepsini
Strychniiue Sulphati*
I to 3
gr. 3
gr. i/ioo
Issued in
bots. of
oval
bots. of
48
36
25
25
25
25
25
Pharmacopceial preparaiions are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
/^Mr^ — — —
REMEMBER THE
230 TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Tabloid* Brand Products—
continued
Issued in
oval
bots. of
'TABLOID' BRAND—
DOSE
bots. of
,, Pepsin, Bismuth and Strych-
nine
I to 3
25
100
5 Pepsini gr. 2
Bismuthi Subcarbonatis gr. 3
Strychninae Sulphatis ... gr. i/ioo
,, Pepsin, Saccharated, gr. 5 ...
I to 4 or more
—
100
,, Phenacetin, gr. 5
I to 2
25
ICX3
,, Phenacetin Compound
I to 3
25
100
IJ Phenacetini gr. 4
Caffeinae ... gr. i
Conspicuously safe and effective
in the treatment of headache
and neuralgia.
,, Phenacetin and Quinine Com-
pound
I to 3
—
100
T^ Phenacetini gr. 3
Quininje Hydrobromidi gr. 1/2
Caffeinffi gr. 2/3
,, Phenacetin and Salol
I to 2
25
100
5i Phenacetini,
Salol aa gr. 2J
,, Phenazone (see Antipyrine)
,, Phenol (see CarboHc Acid,
pag-e 213)
,, Phenol and Menthol Com-
pound, (Capsule), boxesof 25
I as required
—
—
IJ Phenolis gr. 1/4
Mentholis gr. 1/2
01. Cajuputi min. i
,, Phenyl Salicylate (see Salol,
P<i^e23S)
,, Phosphates of Iron, Quinine
and Strychnine, dr. 1/2 ...
I to 2
25
100
,, Phosphates of Iron, Quinine
and Strychnine, dr. i
I
25
100
Present, in a soluble condition,
the amount of Iron (ferric
state), Quinine and Strychnine
contained in corresponding
doses of Easton Syrup.
,, Photographic (see pages
189-192^
Pharmacopxial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
full, thus:
.A^ <iyc(.J'tciy^
MHCHMII TM>
ISSUSD BY B. W. AND CO.
881
'Tabloid' Brand Product •-
'TABLOID' BRAND—
-cOHtinutd
DOSE
Issu
oval
bots.of
edin
bots. of
., I'ig Bile (Purified), gr. 4
I to 4
—
100
.. Pilocarpine Nitrate, gr. i/io
gr. 1/4 ••.
I to 5
I to 2
25
25
., Piperazine, gr. 5, bottles of 25
I to 2
—
—
., Piperazine, gr. 5, Effervescent,
tubes of 12
I to 2
_
,, Pituitary Gland, gr. 2
I to 3
—
100
,, Plummer Pill {see Antimony
Compound Pill)
., Podophyllin, gr. 1/4
I to 4
100
,, Podophyllin and Euonymin...
9 Resinx Podophylli gr. 1/4
Ext. Euonymi ... gr. i
,, Podophyllin Compound
Q Resina; Podophylli ... gr. 1/6
PiL Khei Comp. ... gr. a-1/3
Ext. Hyoscyami Vir. gr. 1-1/4
., Potassium Bicarbonate, gr. 5
I to 2
I to 3
I to 6
40
100
100
100
., Potassium Bromide, gr. 5 ...
I to 6
—
100
gr. 10 ...
I to 3
—
100
,, Potas.sium Chlorate, gr. 5 ...
In graven white-metal boxes,
I as required
40
100
each containing 40 or 100
Stimulating expectorant, supe-
rior to gargles and sprays.
,, Potassium Chlorate and Borax
In graven white-metal boxes.
1 as required
40
100
each containing 40 or 100
Presents its constituents in the
most efficient and convenient
form for the relief of hoarse-
ness, etc.
,, Potassium Chlorate, Borax
and Cocaine Co. {su Voice)
,, Potassium Iodide, gr. l
,. gr. 3 •••
I frequently
I to 6
—
100
100
„ gr. 5 •••
I to 4
—
100
Pkarmaeopcrial preparations are U.S f fiiiU^c .i/A^i-y/t/v stated
Write the
Brand in
full, thus:
f
lAz/^^^n^ — — —
FORMULARY OF FINK PRODUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Products-
'TABLOID' BRAND—
-continued
DOSE
Issu
oval
bots. of
ed in
bots. of
,, Potassium Nitrate (Sal Pru-
nella), gr. 5
I to 4
—
ICX)
,, Potassium Permanganate, gr. I
I to 3
—
100
J. .. ,, gr. 2
I
—
lOO
,, Prostate Gland, gr. 2-1/2
I to 2
—
100
Q
„ Quinine, Ammoniated (see
Ammoniated Quinine^
,, Quinine, Arsenic and Strych-
nine ...
I
—
100
5 Quininae Bisulphatis gr. i
Arseni Trioxidi ... gr. 1/20
Strychninae gr. 1/30
,, Quinine and Camphor
I every hour
25
100
5 Quininae Bisulphatis gr. i
Camphorae gr. 1/5
,, Quinine, Belladonna and Cam-
phor...
1 to 4
25
100
5 Quininae Sulphatis gr. 1/4
Ext. Belladonnse ... gr. 1/8
Camphorae gr. 1/4
,, Quinine and Rhubarb Com-
pound [well known for viany
years as ' Tabloid ' Living-
stone Rouser)
I to 3
25
100
!^ Pulv. Jalapse ... gr. 1-1/2
Hydrarg. Chlor. Mit. gr. i
Pulv. Rhei ... ... gr. 1-1/2
Quininse Bisulphatis gr. i
,, Quinine and Strychnine
I to 3
25
100
5 Quininae Bisulphatis gr. i
Strychninae Sulphatis gr. 1/60
,, Quinine Bihydrochloride( Acid
Quinine Hydrochlor. ), gr. 2,
gr. 3. gr. 5 and gr. 10 ...
as
required
25
100
PharniacopQ;ial preparations are U. S. P. unless otherwise stated
cU^uO
MHiiaatii TNI
tS&UBO SV B.
'Tabloid' Brand Product s-
-contimued
Issued in
oval
bots.of
•TABLOID' BRAND—
DOSE
bots.or
., Quinine Bisulphate, gr. 1/2...
I or more
50
100
gr. 1 ...
I or more
36
100
gr. 2 ...
I to 5
25
100
gr. 3 ■••
I to 3
25
100
gr. 4 ...
I to 2
25
100
gr. 5 ...
I to 2
25
100
gr. 10 ...
I
25
100
J^roved by the experience of
medical officers to retain its
therapeutic activity under the
most adverse climatic con-
ditions.
,, Quinine Bisulphateand Potas-
sium Citrate, Effervescent,
tubes of 25
I to 2, re-
—
—
B Quinins Bisulphatis gr. i
Potassii Citr.'Uis ... gr. 15
peated as
necessary
,, Quinine Compound ...
I every hour
25
100
9 Acetanilidi
(Antifebrini) gr. 1-1/5
Cinchona: Alkaloid. gr. i
Camphor. Monobrom. gr. 1/5
Pulv. Ipecacuanha gr. 1/8
Ext. Cascar. Sagrad. gr. 1/4
.. Quinine Hydrobromide, gr. i,
ST- 2, gr. 3. gr- 4. gr- 5.
as
each strength
required
25
100
,, Quinine Hydrochloride, gr. I,
gr- 2, gr. 3, gr. 4, gr. 5,
as
each strength
required
25
100
„ Quinine Salicylate ( Physio-
logically pure), gr. I
I to 6
25
100
„ Quinine Salicylate (Physio-
logically Pure), gr. 3
I to 2
25
100
,, Quinine Salicylate (Physio-
logically Pure), gr. 5
I to 2
25
100
,, Quinine Sulphate, gr. I,gr. 2,
gr- 3. gr. 4. gr. 5. each
as
strength
required
25
100
„ Quinine Valerate, gr. 2
I to 2
-
100
Phetrmacopctial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Z -^ J cUlauL — — —
Write the
Brand
full, thus:
REMEMBER THI
234 TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Pro ducts— coMd'nued
•TABLOID' BRAND— DOSE
R
Red Gum
Reduced Iron, gr. 2 ...
Reduced Iron Compound
5 Ferri Reducti ... gr. 2
I occasionally
I to 3
I to 2
Ext. Hyoscyami ...
Ext. Nucis Vomicae
Olei Cari
gr. I
gr. 1/2
min. 1/4
Reduced Iron and Rhubarb
Compound ...
5 Ferri Reducti ... gr. 2
Ext. Hyoscyami ... gr. i
Ext. Nucis Vomicse gr. 1/2
Pil. Rhei Comp. ... gr. i
Olei Cari min. 1/4
These two preparations are of
special value in the treatment
of neurasthenia, chlorosis and
sequelae.
Residuum Rubrum, gr. 5
Resina Podophylli (see Podo-
phyllin, fage 23 1 )
Resorcin (Resorcinol), gr. 3...
Rhubarb, gr. 3
Rhubarb and Soda ...
^ Pulv. Rhei gr. 3
Sodii Bicarbonatis gr. 1-1/2
Pulv. Zingiberis ... gr. 1/2
Rhubarb Compound Pill
Each product equals one of the
U.S. P. pills.
Rhubarb Compound Powder
(Gregory Powder), gr. 5 ...
Each contains 5 grains of the
U.S.P. Powder.
Rhubarb, Soda and Magnesia i to 5
B Pulv. Rhei ... gr. i
Sodii Bicarbonatis gr. 1-1/2
Magnesii Carb. Pond. gr. 2
Pulv. Zingiberis ... gr. 1/2
I to 4
I to 2
I to 4 or more
I to 5
Issued in
oval bots. of
bets, of
25
25
25
ito4ormore
25
25
25
25
25
Pharmacopaial prepai-ations are U.S.P. unless otherwise stated
■Write the
Brand in
full, thus :
■IMIMMII THI
ISSOBO BY ». W. AND CO.
'Tabloid' Brand Product %—<ontiMutd
Issued in
'TABLOID' BRAND—
s
,, Saccharin, gr. 1/2
DOSB
ov.-»l
bots.or
bot&of
{
ICX>&
200
\
.. Salicin, gr. 5
I to 4
25
100
., Salicylic Acid (Physiologically
Pure), gr. 3
ito4ormore
—
100
.. Salicylic Acid {Physiologically
Pure), gr. 5
I to 4
—
100
.. Salol (Phenyl Salicylate), gr. 5
I to 3
25
100
,, Sandal Wood Oil, min. 5,
(Capsule), boxes of 25
I to 3 or more
—
—
,, Sandal Wood Oil, min. 10
(Capsule), boxes of 20
I to 2
—
—
.. Santonin, gr. 1/2
I to4ormore
50
—
gf- I
I to 4 or more
50
ICX)
gr- 2
I to 3
50
—
gr- 3
I to 2
50
—
., Santonin and Calomel
I to 3
25
100
9 Santonin! gr. i
Hydrarg. Chlor. Mit. gr. i
,. 'Saxin'crr<M!>.i/ar*;, gr. 1/4,
bottles of 200
I or more
—
100
More powerful and more delicate
in flavour _ than saccharin.
About 600 times sweeter than
sugar.
,, Seltzer Salt, Effervescent,
I or more,
Artificial, tubes of 25
as desired
—
—
,, Slippery Elm, bottles of 25 ...
I or more
—
100
Each represents gr. 5 of the
mucilage of Slippery Elm
Kark.
,, 'Soamin' (Sodium Para-
(Tratit Mark) aminophenyl-
See
arsonate), gr. i
special
—
100
gr. 3
leaflet
bottles of 25
—
—
rharmacofarial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand
full, thus
" Jy ^eoH^^^
REMEMBER THE
TRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINK PRODUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Products—
continued
Issued in
oval
bots. of
'TABLOID' BRAND—
DOSE
hots, of
,, Soda- Mint (Neutralising) ...
I to 4 or more
30
ICXJ
IJ; Sodii Bicarbonatis... gr. 4
Ammon. Bicarb. ... gr. 1/12
01. Menthae Pip. ... f.s.
A most effective antacid, aro-
matic and stimulating com-
pound of exceptional purity.
Possesses the advantage over
the N.F. product in containing
Oil of Peppermint in place of
Oil of Spearmint.
,, Sodium Bicarbonate, gr. 5 ...
I to 6
40
100
gr. 10...
I to 3
40
100
,, Sodium Borate {see Borax)
,, Sodium Bromide, gr. 5
I to 6
—
100
gr. 10 ...
I to 3
—
ICX)
,, Sodium Bromide Compound
I to 6
—
100
5i Sodii Bromidi ... gr. 2
Strontii Bromidi ... gr. 2
Ammonii Bromidi... gr. i
Sodii Arsenatis ... gr. 1/60
,, Sodium Citrate, gr. 2
for milk
—
100
gr. S
modification
25
100
,, Sodium Phenolsulphonate {see
Sodium Sulphocarbolate)
,, Sodium Phosphate, £Jir-
vescent, gr. 60, tubes of 25
I or more
—
—
Each represents gr. 30 (approx.)
of Sodium Phosphate.
,, Sodium Salicylate (natural)
gr. 3
I to 6 or more
25
—
„ gr. 5
ito6
25
—
,, Sodium Salicylate (Physio-
logically Pure), gr. 3
I to 6 or more
25
100
,, Sodium Salicylate (Physio-
logically Pure), gr. 5
I to 6
25
100
,, Sodium Salicylate (Physio-
logically Pure), Effer-
vescent, gr. 5, tubes of 25 ...
I or more
—
—
Pharmcuopoeial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
full, thus :
cUyCcruO
ISSOBD BV B. W. AND CO.
lUOt HMn
937
'Tabloid' Brand Product a — contittHed
TABLOID' BRAND— DOSE
,, S«xiium Salicylate and Potas-
sium Bicarlxjnate, of each
gr. 5 1 to 6
,, Sodium Sulphate Compound,
Effervescent, tubes of 20 ... i to 2
Q Sodii Sulph. Exsicc.... gr. 30
Potassii Bitarlratis ... gr. 10
Potassii Bicarbonatis gr. 3-1/3
Ess. Zingiberis ... ^.x.
Salis Effervescentis ... f.j.
,, Sodium Sulphate, Effervescent,
gr. 60, tubes of 25 ... ... I or mor
Each represents gr. 30 of
Sodium Sulphate.
Sodium Sulphocarbolate
(I'henolsulphonate), gr. 5
Sparteine Sulphate, gr. i,
bottles of 25
Spinal Cord Substance,
gr. 2-1/2
Spleen Substance, gr. 5
Strontium Bromide, gr. 5 ...
Strophanthus, each containing
the solid ingredients of
Tincture of Strophanthus,
min. 5
Uni<)ue in preserving the full
therapeutic activity of the true
Strophanthus koml)^
Strychnine Sulphate, gr.
I to 3
or more
or more
to 6
Milk
gr-
gr-
gr-
1/60
1/30
1/20
i/'5
Milk
repeated
> necessary
to 4
to 2
Sugar of
Sugar)
Sulphonal (Sulphonmethane),
gr- 5
Sulphonethylmelhane {see
Trional)
I to 6
Issued in
hots, of
oval
bots.of
25
SO
50
SO
as
ICO
100
100
Pharituuofxriat preparations are U.S. P. un/ess otherwise stated
Write the
Brand In
full, thus :
f
{Ja/^^ltxx6
238
FORMULARY OF FINE I'KOUUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Product s — continued
TABLOID' BRAND-
,, Sulphur Compound ...
^ Sulphuris PriEcipitati
Potassii Bitartratis ...
,, Sumbul Compound ...
5 Ext. Sumbul
Asafoetidae
Ferri Sulph. Exsicc...
Arseni Trioxidi
,, Supra-renal Gland, gr.
gr- 5
gr- I
gr. 2
gr- 1
gr. 1/40
5 ••■
DOSE
I to 4 or more
I to 2
Tannin, gr. 2-1/2
Tar, gr. I
Tar and Codeine
5: Picis Liquidse ... gr. i
Codeinae gr. 1/8
Tartarated Antimony {see
Antimony and Potassium
Tartrate, page 208)
Tea {see page 241)
Terebene, min. 5 (Capsule),
boxes of 50 . . .
Tetranitrin {see Erythrol
Tetranitrate, /(2^£i' 217, 218)
Thirst Quencher
Containing Tartaric Acid,
Sodium Bicarbonate, lemon
and ' Saxin.'
Three Bromides, Effervescetit,
tubes of 10 and 25 ...
]J Potassii Bromidi
Sodii Bromidi
Ammonii Bromidi
Salis Efferves.
Three Valerates
^ Quininae Valeratis
Ferri Valeratis
Zinci Valeratis
Retains the full therapeutic
activity of the Valerates,
whilst concealing their un-
pleasant odour.
0-4 gm.
0-4 gm-
0-2 gm-
q.s.
gr- I
gr- I
I to 3
I to 2
I frequently
I to 4
I to 3
I to 2 or more
as desired
Issued in
oval
bots. of
25
50
25
2.S
bots. of
100
100
100
100
100
Pharmacopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
■Write the
Brand in
full, thus :
y
^CO<
{^uO
miMMM* THI
ISSUBD BY
'Tabloid' Brand Product t—eoMtinued
TABLOID' BRAND— DOSE
., Thymol, gr. I ... ... I to 2
gr. 2 I
, , gr. S • • • • • • Used in
special cases
,, Thymus Gland, gr. 5 ... I to 5
,, Thyroid Colloid, gr. 1/2 ... I increased
,, Thyroid Gland (Standard-
ised), gr. 1/2 1 or more
., ,, ,, ,, gr. 1 I or more
,, ,, ,, ,, gr. I-1/2 I or more
,, ,, gr. 2-1/2 I or more
„ „ gr. 5 ... I
The most successful Thyroid
f reparation, standardised to
odine content.
., Tinctures — , j
See Aconite, Belladonna, (Cam-
phorated Opium, Indian Can-
nabis, Capsicum, Cinchona,
Dij^italL'i, Ginger, Granulated
Opium, Hyoscyamus, Nux
Vomica and Siropbanthus.
I to 3
Tonic Compound
B Ferri P>Tophos. ... gr. a
(^uinina: Kisulphatis gt. t
Str)-chnin«e Sulph. gr. i/ioo
Trinitrin (Nitrc^lycerin),
gr. 1/200 I or more
,, ,, gr. i/ioo I to 2
gr. 1/50 I
One of the many important
therapeutic ai^nts in the intro-
duction of which B. W. & Co.
were pioneer*.
Trinitrin Compound ... ... i to 2
]^ Trinitrini
C'.-ipsicini
.McritholU
gr. i/ioo
gr. i/aoo
gr. t/ioo
Issued in
hots, of
oval
bots. of
25
25
25
25
25
25
Pharmofopffial prepartUioHs are U.S. P. itnltis othtrwise stated
Write the
Brand
full, thus :
• y\L <^a/u^
REMEMBER THE
240 rRADE MARKS
FORMULARY OF FINl
■RODUCTS
'Tabloid' Brand Product s-
-continued
Issued in
oval
bots. of
'TABLOID' BRAND -
DOSE
bots. of
,, Trional (Sulphonethyl-
methane), gr. 5
I to 6
25
100
,, Turpentine Oil, Rectified, min.
10 (Capsule), boxes of 20
U
,, Urotropine, gr. 3
I or more
'^~~
—
I to 5
25
lOO
gi- 5
I to 3
25
100
V
,, ' Varium ' (Trade Mark)
(formerly known as ' Tabloid'
Ovarian Substance J, gr. 5...
I to 2 or more
—
100
,, Vegetable Laxative {see
Laxative Vegetable)
,, Veronal, gr. 5
I to 2
25
—
,, Viburnum PrunifoliumExtract,
gr. 2
I to >;
—
ICX3
,, Vichy Salt, Effervescent,
Artificial, N. F. , tubes of 25
I or more
as desired
—
—
,, Vichy Salt, Effervescent, Arti-
ficial, with Lithium, N.F.,
tubes of 25...
I or more
—
—
In addition to the essential con-
as desired
stituents of Vichy Water, each
contains Lithium Citrate,
gr. 2-1/4.
,, Vinum Ipecacuanhte {see
Ipecac Extract, page 222)
,, Violet Dye, Aniline, gr. 30,
tubes of 12
—
—
,, Voice (Potass. Chlor., Borax
and Cocaine Co.) ...
I as required
25
80
Also in graven white-metal
boxes, each containing 25
or 80.
Pharmacopceial preparations are U.S. P. unless otherwise stated
Write the
Brand in
full, thus:
ib&UBD BY a. W. AND CO.
■IHIHUa THI
TUM MMHt
Ml
'Tabloid' Brand Product*— continued
'TABLOID' BRAM> — DOSE
— lOO
Zinc Oxide, gr. 2 ... ... i to 5
Zinc Sulphate (j« ' Soloid '
Brand Products, pap 203)
Zinc Valerate, gr. 2 ... ... i — 1 00
Zinc Valerate Compound ... i — lOO
]$ Zinci Valenitis
Pulv. khei
Kxt. Belladonrue .
Pulv. Zingil>eris
Zinc Valerate and
Compound ...
Q Zinci V'aleratis
A.s.ifictida; ...
MyrrhsB
Zinc Valerate with Iron and
Arsenic
Q Zinci Valeratis ... gr. 3
Kerri Keducti ... gr. i
Arseni Trioxidi ... gr. 1/60
Ext. Gentiana; ... gr. i
Zingib. {see Ginger, /a^v 2l8)
Also a wide range of other products issued under the
'Tabloid' Bratui
gr- »
gr. 1
gr. 1/8
gr. I
Asafetida
gr. I
gr. I
gr. 1/2
Issued in
oval bots. of
bots. of
' Tabloid ' Brand Tea provides the most convenient,
portable and efteclivc means of quickly preparing tea of
uniform strength. It is the most suitable tea for travellers,
sportsmen, cyclists, pleasure parties, etc. A tin of
'Tabloid' Tea and a l)ottle of 'Tabloid' 'Saxin' for
sweetening the infusion may be conveniently carried in the
waistcoat-pocket
In enamelled tins containing 100 and 200.
'Tabloid' Brand Tea, Special Blend, exceptional
quality —
In enamelled tins containing 100 and 200.
Terebene, Pure (B. W. & Co.) dosk
I Im^K'rial fl. 07.., 2 IinpcTial tl. o/.. aixi 16
Imperial fl. oz. Iwttlcs... ... ... S to 15 min.
REMEMBER THE
242 TRADE MARKS FORMULARY OF FINE fKOUUCTS
Test Cases, ' Soloid ' Brand (see Analysis Cases, pages
Tow, Carbolised, Pleated Compressed, 'Tabloid'
Brand {see Dressings, /rt^'S 170)
Towels, Sanitary, Pleated Compressed, ' Tabloid *
Brand (see page 194^
TUBERCULINS, "I'S^ 'WELLCOME' brand
Issued in hermetically-sealed phials
For Diagnosis—
'WELLCOME' BRAND—
„ Old Tuberculin (Human)
I c.c. containing o-ooi c.c. of Old Tuberculin (Koch)
„ Old Tuberculin (Bovine)
I c.c. containing o-ooi c.c. of Old Tuberculin (Koch)
For Treatment —
'WELLCOME' BRAND—
„ New Tuberculin [W] (Human)
I c.c. containing o-ooooi mgm. of dried bacillary substance
I c.c. ,, o-oooi mgm. ,, ,, ,,
I c.c. ,, O-OOI mgm. ,, ,, ,,
*i c.c. ,, 2 mgm. ,, ,, ,,
„ New Tuberculin [W] (Bovine)
I c.c. containing O-OOOOI mgm. of dried bacillary substance
I c.c. ,, o-oooi mgm. ,, ,, ,,
I c.c. ,, o-ooi mgm. ,, ,, ,,
*i c.c. ,, 2 mgm. ,, ,, ,,
„ Tubercle Vaccine (Human), Bacillary Emulsion
I c.c. containing o-oooi mgm. Tubercle bacilli
*5 c.c. ,, 25 mgm.
* For dilution by the user
■laimcii TNt
ISS0BO ■¥ B. W. AND CO. ^Mac MAM* MS
Tuberculins, 'Wellcome' Bran A—cfHtiHueii
WELLCOME* BKAND -
,. Tubercle Vaccine (Bovine), Baciilary Emulsion
I c.c. containing o-oooi mgni. Tubercle bacilli
I c.c ,, 0-0005 nigni. ,, ,,
*5 C.C. ,, 25 mgni. ,, ,,
* For dilution hy the user
VACCINES, 1'^. 'WELLCOME' brand
The word 'WELLCOME' is a brand which designates fine products
issued by Burronghs Wellcome & Co.
The ' Wellcome ' Brand \'a<:ci.nes are prepared under
U.S.A. Government Licence, No. 18, at the Wellcome
Physiolc^cal Research I>aboratories, Brock well Hall, London,
England. Every stage of their preparation is carried out
under the immediate superv-ision of a skilled staff of highly-
qualified experts. They may be relied upon as being of full
activity and capable of producing the best results.
Vaccines should lie kept in a cool dark place, and protected
from extremes of temperature.
' Wellcome ' Brand Vaccines are issued in hermetically-sealed
phials.
'WELLCOME' BRAND—
„ Qonococcus Vaccine
I c.c. containing 5 million organisms
I c.c. ,, 20 ,, ,,
J C.C. ,, 200 ,, „
I C.C. ,, 1000 ,, ,,
„ Staphylococcus Vaccine, Aureus
I cc. containing 200 million organisms
I c.c. ., 1000 ,, ,,
„ Staphylococcus Vaccine, Mixed
I c.c. containing 200 million organisms
I c.c. „ looo ,, ,,
„ Streptococcus Vaccine, Polyvalent
I c.c. containing lO million organisms
I c.c. ,, 50 ,, .,
„ Typhoid Vaccine
I c.c. containing 500 million organisms
I c.c. ., 1000 ,, ,,
I cc. ,, 2000 ,,
REMEMBER THE
244 TRADE MARKS FORMULARY OF FINE I'KOI^UCTS
ri 'VALOID' BRAND PRODUCTS
The word 'VALOlD'is a brand which desigrnates fine products
issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co. To ensure the supply of
pure and reliable preparations, this brand should always be
specified when ordering.
'VALOID' BRAN])—
,, Aromatic Cascara Sagrada, 4 Imperial DOSE
fl. oz. bottles 10 to 60 min.
,, Ergot, 4 Imperial fl. oz. bottles ... ... 10 to 30 min.
The strength of each ' Valoid ' preparation is indicated on the label
Various other preparations are also isstted under this brand
v,;! 'VALULE' BRAND PRODUCTS
The word 'Valule' is a brand which designates fine products
issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co. To ensure the supply of
pure and reliable preparations, this brand should always be
specified when ordering.
'VALULE' BRAND — DOSE
,, Bone Medulla, gr. 5, bottles of 100 ... i or more
{See also ' Tabloid ' Bone Medulla, page 211 J
Various other products are also issued under this brand
'VANA' {Trade Mark) Brand Tonic Wine— dosk
In bottles of 16 Imperial fl. oz. Haifa wineglassful
ZSI 'VAPOROLE' BRAND PRODUCTS
The word 'Vaporole' is a brand which designates fine
products issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co. To ensure the
supply of pure and reliable preparations, this brand should always
be specified when ordering.
Issued in hermetically-sealed containers
'VAPOROLE' BRAND—
For Hypodermic Injection
„ Calomel, 0-05 gm. Sterile Suspension in a dose
Neutral Fatty Basis ( i c. c. ) with Creosote
and Camphor, boxes of 10 ... ... i (by injec-
'Epinine' (Trade Mark), I in lOO, I c.c. ,
j/er//e, boxes of 10 i (by injec-
tion)
(by ii
tion)
DtHIMNII THl
TMM iMina
846
Vaporole" Brand Product %—«mthnt€d
' VAPOROLE' BkAND—
,, 'Epicaine' ('r>a,i< Mark) (' Epinine ' and
Cocaine Hydrochloride), iteriU, boxes
of lo
9 'Epinine' 0-0003 gm.
Cocainz Hydrochloridi... o-os gm.
Aquam ad i c.c.
„ 'Ernutin' (rmtU Afark)t min. 10, s/eriU,
lx)xes of 6...
,, Grey Oil. Sterile Suspension of o*i gm.
of Mercury in a Neutral Fatty Basis
(i C.C.), boxes of 10
,, Iron and Arsenic, Sterilised Solution,
boxes of 10
B Ferri Citratis Viridis ... 0-05 gm.
Sodii Arsenatis Rxsicc. ... o-ooa gm.
Aquam ... ... ad i c.c.
,, Pituitary (Infundibular) Extract, sterilised,
I c-c, boxes of 6
For Inhalation
,. .\inyl Nitrite, min. 3 and min. 5 (glas.s
capsules), boxes of 12
,, Aromatic Ammonia (glass capsules), en-
closed in silken sacs, boxes of 12. For
use as ' * Smelling Salts "
I (by injec-
tion)
I (by injec-
tion)
I (by injec-
tion)
I to 3 (by
injection)
I (by injec-
tion)
I (by inhala-
tion)
I (by inhala-
tion)
Various other products are also issued under
the * Vaporole^ Brand
'Vaporole' Brand Ammonium Chloride Inhaler
Delivtrs |x;rfectly neutral fumes of pure ammonium
chloride for inlialatiun. A model of compactness, convenience
and utility.
'Vai'oroi.k' Acid and Alkali, for use in the above
Inhaler, are supplied in boxes of 12 products.
Na.sal Attachment for use with al)ove Inhaler.
REMEMBER THE FORMULARY OF FINE PRODUCTS
246 TRADE MARK6 ISSUED BY II. W . ANU CO.
Veterinary Hypodermic Products, * Tabloid ' Brand
(See B. PV. of Co.'s Price List )
Veterinary Ophthalmic Products, ' Tabloid ' and
' Soloid' Brands (See B. W. &= Co.'s Price List)
Vulcanite Nozzles— Curved or Straight.
To screw on to collapsible tubes of ' Hazeline ' Cream
when it is desired to apply this preparation to the
mucous membranes of the nose, ear, urethra or rectum.
Water Analysis, A Simple Method of (7th Edition)
By J. C. Thresh, M.D., D.Sc, etc.
This standard text-book affords all the information necessary
to enable those with only a small knowledge of analysis to
perform a chemical examination of a sample of drinking-water
by means of ' Soloid ' Brand Water Analysis Cases. A chapter
on the examination of sewage effluents is included.
Water Analysis Cases, 'Soloid ' Brand (see page 153^
' Wellcome ' Brand Products (see pages 247-262 j
Verbal Instructions are not safe. To
prevent fraud, it is best to write
prescriptions for original bottles. . .
~i? 'Wellcome' brand Products
The word 'WbllcoMB' is a brand which desig:nates fine
products issued by Burroughs Wellcome & Co. To ensure the
supply of pure and reliable preparations, this brand should always
be specified when ordering.
Three great essentials pertain to all drugs — of like value to
patient, dispenser and prescriber — namely, purity, potency and
(juality. Should these fail or vary to any extent, the patient
responds uncertainly to treatment, the physician can no longer
rely upon his weapons, nor the dispenser guarantee the relia-
bility of his products. And, in this battle, the physician must
he armed with weapons of precision.
The main object of ' Wellcome ' Brand Products is to
-tablish uniformity of content in drugs, and to eliminate varia-
>as and their first causes ; in a word. Standardisation. So
c get ijack to sources, be they mineral, vegetable, animal, or
their synthetic congeners ; and to tests, whether chemical,
optical or physiological. Moreover, the tests imposed by
Burroughs Wellcome & Co. are subject to continual revision
as new and improved standards of stringency are devised.
• Wellcome ' Brand Products are, therefore, unsurpassed, and
|)re-eminently trustworthy.
The recognised doses of ' Wellcome ' Brand Chemicals are
indicated on the labels, and in the body of this
handbook, in Metric as well as Apothecaries' Ap'the"
weights. The limits of dosage given are approxi- c«rie»'
II- u . u ^ . ■ *"»«• Metric
mately the same in each system, but exact equiva- weights
lence has not been attempted, since no useful
object would be served, and awkward and confusing figures
would result.
The new soluble Bismuth Salts and the soluble Iron Arsenate
are the outcome of investigations conducted in
the Wellcome Chemical Research Laljoratories, fd^i'Ton*
and mark a great advance in the preparation
of scale salts. Particular attention has also been devoted to
the preparation of fine alkaloid*, and the standards of purity
248 'wellcomk' brand products
'Wellcome' Brand Product s — continued
adopted are higher in many instances than those of the
United States Pharmacopoeia.
' Wellcome ' Brand Chloroform embodies the results of the
most recent researches, and provides an anaesthetic of the
highest attainable degree of purity and freedom from irritating
products of decomposition.
•WELLCOME' BRAND—
„ Aconitine, U.S. P.
The pure crystallised alkaloid from Aconitum napellus,
free from pseudaconitine and japaconitine, and from
the non-toxic aconine and benzaconine. Owing to its
extremely poisonous properties, aconitine should be pre-
scribed and dispensed with the utmost caution.
Dose — gr. 1/640 to gr. 1/400 (o-oooi gm. to 0-00015 gtn.)
U.S. P. Average Dose — 0-00015 gn>- (gr. 1/400)
Tubes of gr. 5 (0-3 ^ot.)
,, Aconitine Hydrobromide
The most suitable salt of aconitine for therapeutic
use. It is readily soluble in water, perfectly stable, and
of uniform composition. The remarks as to purity and
dosage of the alkaloid apply also to this salt.
Dose — gr. 1/640 to gr. 1/400 (o-oooi gm. to 0-00015 gm.)
Tttbesofgr. 5 {o-l gm.)
„ Aloin, U.S.?.
Free from resin. Lighter in colour and affords a
clearer solution than the usual commercial article.
Dose — gr. 1/2 to gr. 2 (0-03 gm. to 0-13 gm.)
U.S. P. Average Dose — 0-065 §•"- (gr. i)
Bottles ofoz. I (28-3 ^;«.) and oz. 4 {ii^ gin.)
,, Aloin, Crystal
Well-defined crystals. Free from resin.
Dose — gr. 1/2 to gr. 2 (0-03 gm. to 0-13 gm.)
Bottles ofoz. I (28-3^«.) and oz. 4 (w^ gtn.)
,, Apomorphine Hydrochloride
The melting point of this pure salt is between
295° and 3CXD° C, not 276° C. as usually stated.
U.S. P. Average Dose— f Expectorant, 0-002 gm. (gr. 1/30)
I Emetic, 0-005 gm. (gr. i/io)
Tubes of I gramme. Bottles of 5 grammes.
For prices, see separate list
'wbllcomb' brand products 949
'Wellcome' Brand Product s — contintutl
WELLCOME* BRAND—
,, \Uop\nc ( J 'ure Alkaloid), U.S. P.
The pure crystallised alkaloid, free from hyoscyamine
and hyoscine.
Dose — gr. i/aoo to gr. i/ioo (0-0003 !{">• to o-ooo6 gm.)
Bottles of gr. (30 (3-9 ipn.), ot. 1/4 (7 gm.) and oz. I
(28-3 ^O
,, Atropine Sulphate, U.S. P.
Prepared from pure atropine.
Dose — gr. i/aoo to gr. i/ioo (0-0003 K""- '<> o-ooo6 gm.)
Bottles of gr. 60 (3-9 gm.), oz. 1/4 (7 gm.) and oz. i
(28- 3, i^.)
,, Bismuth Carbonate, U.S. P.
DosK — gr. 5 to gr. 30 (0-3 gm. to 1-3 gm.)
Bottles 0/ ox. % (227 gm.) and tins of oz. 16 (454^/1.)
,, Bismuth Citrate
Practically free from nitrate (containing less than
0-05 per cent, of NgOj). Renders a clear solution with
ammonia. Yields by the official test 56-58 per cent, of
BijO,.
Dose — gr. a to gr. 5 (0-13 gm. to 0-3 gm.)
U.S.P. .\vEKAGE Dose— 0-I25 gm. (gr. 2)
Bottles of oz. 4 {113 gm.), oz. 8 (227^//.) and oz. 16
(454 /w/.)
,, Bismuth and Iron Citrate (Soluble)
In yellowish -green scales, readily soluV)le in water.
The Bismuth and Iron Citrates are combined in this
preparation so as to represent as nearly as possible
equal parts by weight of their respective anhydrous salts.
D'JSE — gr. s to gr. 10 (0-3 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 gm.), oz. 4 (I13^«.) and oz. 8
(227 ^«.)
,, Bismuth and Lithium Citrate (Soluble)
In handsome, colourless scales, readily soluble in
water. lis exhibition is indicited when the thera-
peutic effects of lithium in conjunction with those of
bismuth are desired. The proportion of lithium, in
combination, corresponds to 25-30 per cent., by weight,
of anhydrous lithium citrate.
For prices, see separate list
250 'wellcome' brand products
'Wellcome' Brand Product s— continued
'WELLCOME* BRAND—
,, Bismuth and Lithium Citrate (Soluble) — contitiued
Dose — gr. 2 to gr. 5 (0-13 gm. to 0-3 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 ^w.), oz. 4 (113 gm.) and oz. 8
{22T gm.)
„ Bismuth Salicylate, U.S. P. (Physiologically Pure)
This preparation contains the proper proportion of
bismuth combined with pure salicylic acid, and is uniform
in composition.
Dose — gr. 5 to gr. 20 (0-3 gm. to 1-3 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 gm. ) and oz. 4 (113 gm. )
„ Bismuth Subgallate, U.S. P.
This is in a state of very fine p>owder — a condition
which renders it eminently suitable for local application.
Dose — gr. 10 to gr. 20 (0-65 gm. to 1-3 gm. )
Bottles of OZ. I {"zZ-T) gm.) and oz. /i,{\\T,gm.)
,, Bismuth Subnitrate, U.S. P.
Dose— gr. 5 19 gr. 20 (0-3 gm. to 1-3 gm.)
Bottles of oz. 8 (227 gm. ) and oz. 16 (454 gtn. )
,, Bismuth Tartrate (Soluble)
Readily soluble in water, yielding a bright, permanent
solution. Being slightly acid, it is chemically and
physiologically comp)atible with pepsin preparations.
Dose— gr. 2 to gr. 5 (0-13 gm. to 0-3 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 gm. ) and oz. 4(113 gm. )
,, Brucine
Free from strychnine.
Tubes of I gramme. Bottles of ^ grammes.
„ Caffeine, U.S. P.
Dose — gr. i to gr. 5 (o-o6 gm. to 0-3 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (zS-^gm.) and oz. 4(113^///.)
„ Caffeine Citrate, U.S. P.
Dose — gr. 2 to gr. 10 (o'i3 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 gf}i.)i oz. 4 (113 gm.) and oz. 8
(221 gm.)
,, Calcium Glycerophosphate
Dose — gr. 2 to gr. 5 (0-13 gm. to 0-3 gm.)
Bottles of oz, I {2%-T, gni.) and oz. /i, {wt, gm.)
For prices, see separate list
'WELLCOMB* BRAND PRODUCTS B51
Wellcome' Brand Product n—contimtud
WELLCOME* BRAND—
,, Calcium I lypophosphite, U.S. P.
Special attention is invited to this salt and to its
property of readily rendering a perfectly clear solution
with water. It conforms strictly in all respects to the
U.S.I*, requirements.
Dose — gr. 3 to gr. 10 (0-2 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
U.S. P. .\vbrai;e Dose— 0-5 gm. (gr. 7-1/2)
Bottles of oz. 1 (28-3 gm.), oz. 4 (113^/.) emd oz. 8
(227^/.)
., Cantharidin
The cr}'stalline active principle of Cantharis
vesicatoria.
Tubes of gr. 5 (0-3 gw. ). Bottles of i gramme.
,, Chloroform
Of exceptional purity and reliability. Conforms to
requirements of the U.S. P. Specially prepared for the
use of anesthetists. Free from all irritating products
of decomposition.
Amber-coloured stoppered bottles of oz. 2 (57 gm.),
1/4 lb. (113^/.), \]7.lb. (227 gm.),and 1 lb. (454^/.).
Hermetiially-sealed tubes of y> c.c. (approx. \fl. oz.),
60 c.c. (approx. 2fl. os.), and 1/4 lb. (113 gm.)
,, Choline Hydrochloride
The pure, white crystalline salt of choline.
Tubes of I gramme. Bottles of ^ gramtius.
„ Chrysarobin, U.S. P.
Bottles of oz. I [7&'-^ gm.) and oz. 4(ll3;m.)
,, Cocaine ( Pure .Alkaloid), U.S. P.
Bottles of oz. ijS (ysgm.), oz. 1/2 (14^//.) and oz. i
{2S'3 gm.)
,, Cocaine Hydr<x:hloride, U.S. P.
Dose— gr. 1/5 to gr. 1/2 (0-013 «>"• '00-03 U""-)
Bottles of oz. 1/8 (3-5 gm.), ot. 1/2 (14 gm ) and ot. i
(28-3 gm. )
For prices, see separate list
'wellcome' brand products
'Wellcome' Brand Products— ':ontinued
'WELLCOME' BRAND—
,, Codeine (Fure A Ika/otd J, U.S. P.
Dose — gr. 1/4 to gr. 2 (0-015 gni. to 0-13 gm.)
Bottles of gr. 60 (3-9 gni.), oz. 1/2 {\i,g7n.) and oz. i
{2%-Zgm.)
„ Codeine Phosphate, U.S. P.
Dose — gr. 1/4 to gr. 2 (0-015 gi"- to 013 gm-)
Bottles of gr. 60 (3-9 ^w.), oz. 1/2 (14 ^/.) and oz. I
(28-3 ^"-w.)
,, Coniine Hydrochloride
A pure, white salt of the alkaloid of Conium
maculatwn.
Tubes of I gramme. Bottles of 5 grammes.
,, Emetine (Pure Alkaloid)
This is the es-sential alkaloid of ipecac, and not the
mixture of alkaloids formerly known as emetine.
Dose — Expectorant, gr. 1/20010 gr. 1/50(0-0003 gm. too-ooi3gni.)
Emetic, gr. 1/6 10 gr. 1/3 (o-oi gm. to 0-02 gm.)
Tubes of I gramfne. Bottles of gr. 60 (3-9 gm.)
,, Emetine Hydrobromide
The most suitable salt of emetine for therapeutic use.
Dose — Expectorant, gr. 1/200 to gr. 1/50 (0-0003 g""- to 0-0013 S^-)
Emetic, gr. 1/6 to gr. 1/3 (o-oi gm. to 0-02 gm.)
Tubes of I gramme. Bottles of gr. 60 (3-9 gm. )
,, Ergotinine
A pure crystalline alkaloid, obtained from ergot.
Tubes of I granune. Bottles of 5 gramvies.
„ Ergotoxine Phosphate
A crystalline salt of the alkaloid Ergotoxine, one of
the active principles of Ergot.
Tubes ofo-l gramme, 0-5 gramme and I gramme
„ Ether (Pure J
Prepared specially for anaesthesia. Its standard
exceeds that of the U.S. P. Sp. gr. (at 25° C.) 0-710.
Hermetically-sealed tubes of Tp c.c. and do c.c. = approx.
I fl. oz. and 2 fi. oz.
For prices, see separate list
'VBLLCOMK BRAND PRODUCTS WB
'Wellcome' Brand Product %—continu*d
•WELLCOME' BRAND—
„ Kthyl Chloride, U.S. P.
Prepared specially for general anesthesia.
Hemielically-seaUd tubts of t, c.c. and ^ c.r.
,, Ferric Phosphate, Soluble
See Iron Phosphate, Soluble, page 255
,, Gelsemine Hydrochloride (Gelsemininura hydrochloricum
cryst., Ger.)
A salt of the crystallisable alkaloid of Gehemium
nitidum.
Dose — gr. i/iao to gr. 1/30 (0000$ gm. to 0-002 gm.)
Tubes of gr. 5 (0-3 gm.) and i gramme
,, Homatropine (Pure Alkaloid)
Tubes ofgr. 5 (0-3 gm.)
,, Homatropine Hydrohromide, U.S. P.
This salt is presented in an exceptionally pure form,
the importance of which is best realised when the
minuteness of the dose, as a mydriatic, is considered.
Dose — gr. 1/80 to gr. 1/20 (o-ooo8 gm. to 0-003 g"*-)
U.S.P. AvERACB Dose — 0-0005 gni. (gr. 1/128)
Tubes of gr. iKo-^gvi.)
,, Homatropine Methylhromide
Tubes ofgr. 5 (0-3 gm.)
„ Hordenine
The alkaloid contained in the germ of malt-grains,
presented in a pure form.
Tubes of I gramme. Bottles of 5 grammes.
„ \\\A\zsX\nG ( Pure Alkaloid), U.S. P.
The crystallised white alkaloid from Hydrastis
canadensis.
Dose — gr. 1/4 to gr. t (0-015 gm. to 0-06 gm.)
U.S. P. AvKKAUB DosB— o-oi gm. (gr. 1/5)
Tubes of \ gramme. Bottles of oz. I (28'3jf7«.)
,, Hydrastine Hydrochloride
This salt of the pure white alkaloid is readily soluble
in water.
Dose — gr. 14 to gr. i (0-015 g""- 'o 0-06 gm.)
Tubes of \ gramme. Bottles of oz. l(2S-3^/. )
For prices, see separBte list
254 'wellcome' brand products
'Wellcome' Brand Product ^—continued
'WELLCOME' BRAND—
,, Hydrastinine Hydrochloride, U.S. P.
An oxidation product of the alkaloid hydrastine, free
from those other bases which are generally associated
with it in its production.
Dose — gr. 1/4 to gr. 1/2 (o-ois gin. to 0-03 gm.)
U.S. P. Average Dose — 0-03 gm. (gr. 1/2)
Tubes of gr. 5 (0-3 gm.) and I gramme
,, Hyoscyamine (Pure Alkaloid)
Pure, laevo-rotatory Hyoscyamine, free from atropine
and hyoscine. This product will always be supplied
unless dextro- Hyoscyamine is specified.
Dose — gr. 1/200 to gr. i/ioo (o<xx53 gm. to o-ooo6 gm.)
Tubes of gr. 5 (0'3^w. ) and i gramme
,, Hyoscyamine ( dextro- Hyoscyamine )
The optical isomeride of lasvo-Hyoscyamine, to which
it is very inferior in physiological activity.
Tubes of gr. 5 (0-3 gm.). Bottles of i gramme
,, Hyoscyamine Sulphate
Dose — gr. 1/200 to gr. i/ioo (0.0003 S^- 'o o-ooo6 gm.)
U.S.P. Average Dose — 0-0005 gfn.(gi'. 1/128)
Tubes of gr. 5 (0-3 gm.) and i gramme
,, Hyoscine Hydrobromide, U.S.P.
This alkaloidal salt is Icevo-rotatory.
Dose — gr. 1/200 to gr. i/ioo (00003 gf". to o-ooo6 gm.)
Tubes of I gramme. Bottles of gr. 60 (3-9 gm. )
,, Iron Arsenate (Soluble)
In handsome green scales, readily soluble in water.
Arsenic content is equivalent to 34-35 per cent, of
anhydrous ferric arsenate. May be used for preparation of
a solution similar to Syrup of Arsenate of Iron, N.F.
Dose — gr. 1/16 to gr. 1/4 (0-004 g"'- to 0-015 gm-)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 ^«.)
For prices, see separate list
'WBLLCOME' BRAND PRODUCTS 9fiS
"Wellcome Hrand Product s — coHtintitft
•WELLCOME' BRAND—
.. Iron Glycerophosphate
Handsome scales, readily soluble in warm water.
DosK — gr. 3 to gr. 6 (o-a gm. to 0-4 gra.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 ^n. ) and tfs. 4 ( 1 l^gm. )
,, Iron Hypophosphite (Soluble)
In handsome greenish scales, distinguished from the
ordinary iron hypophosphite by l^eing readily soluble in
water. Contains about 12 per cent, of iron.
I>osE — gr. t to gr. s (0-06 gm. to 0-3 gm.)
Bottles 0/ oz. I (28-3 ffin.), os. 4 (113 .?»/.) and oz. 8
(227^///.)
.. Iron Pho.sphate ^5tf/«W<f^, U.S. P.
In the form of bright green transparent scales, freely
soluble in water. Conforms in every respect to the
re<]uiremenLs of the United States Pharmacopoeia.
D<isK — gr. 5 to gr. 10 (0-3 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
U.S. P. AvEKAGE DosK— o-as gm. (gr. 4)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 gtn.), oz. 4 (113 pii.) ami oz. 8
(227 ^w.)
.. Iron Pyrophosphate ^.V<7/m/5/^^, U.S. P.
OosB — gr. 5 to gr. 10 (0-3 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
U.S. P. AvBRAOB Dose — 0-35 gm. (gr. 4)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 ^«.), oz. 4 (ii-^ s^m.) and oz.%
(227 £fM.)
.. Lithium Benzoate, U.S. P.
Dose— gr. 5 to gr. 10 (0-3 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
Bottles ofoz. I (28-3 gm. ) and oz. 4(113 gm. )
,, Lithium Citrate, U.S. P.
Dose— gr. 5 to gr. 10 (0-3 gm. to 065 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 gm.), oz. 4 (113 gin.), oz. 8
(22T gm.) and oz. 16(454^//.)
,, Magnesium Glycerophosphate
Dose — gr. 3 to gr. 10 (o-a gm. to 0-65 gm.)
Bottles ofoz. I (28-3 gm. ) atui oz. 4(113 gin. )
For priest, tee separate Hat
'WELLCOME' BRAND PRODUCTS
'Wellcome' Brand Products — continued
WELLCOME' BRAND—
,, Manganese and Iron Citrate (Soluble)
A scale salt, readily soluble in water, containing
about 7 per cent, of manganese and 14 per cent, of iron
in organic combination.
Dose — gr. 3 togr. 10 (0-2 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28' 3 gm.), oz. 4 (113 gm.), oz. 8
(227 gm. ) and oz. 16 (454 gin. )
,, Manganese and Iron Citrate with Arsenic (Soluble)
Contains 0-5 per cent, of arsenic trioxide, but
is otherwise identical with Manganese and Iron Citrate
(Soluble). (See above. )
Dose — gr. 3 to gr. 10 (0-2 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I {2?i-T, gill.) and oz. 4(113^///.)
,, Manganese and Iron Citrate with Quinine (Soluble)
Contains 15 per cent, of quinine, but is otherwise
identical with Manganese and Iron Citrate (Soluble).
(See above. )
Dose — gr. 3 to gr. 10 (0-2 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28'3^/.) and oz. 4 (113^;;/.)
,, Manganese and Iron Citrate with Strychnine (Soluble)
Contains i per cent, of strychnine, but is otherwise
identical with Manganese and Iron Citrate (Soluble).
(See above. )
Dose — gr, i to gr. 3 (o-o6 gm. to 0-2 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 gin. ) and oz. 4 (113 gm. )
„ Manganese and Iron Phosphate (Soluble)
A scale salt readily soluble in warm water. Contains
about 7 per cent, of manganese and 14 per cent, of iron.
Dose — gr. 3 to gr. 10 (0-2 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 gm.), oz. 4 (113 gm.), oz. 8
(227^///.) and oz. 16 {/^^\ gm.)
For prices, see separate list
'wbllcomb' bkand pkoducts
Wellcome' (irand Product s — etrntintuti
'WELLCOME' BRANi>—
,, Manjjanese Citrate ^.SW«3/.f^
In the form of handsome, nearly colourless scales,
which are readily soluble in water. Contains al>out
12 per cent, of manganese in organic combination.
Dose — gr. 3 to gr. to (0-3 jjra. to 0-65 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28'3 gm.) and oz. 4 (i 13 gtn.)
,, Manganese Hypophosphite, U.S. P.
Dose — gr. 1 to gr. to (o<i6 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28'3 gm. ) and oz. 4(113 gm. )
., Manganese Peroxide (Pure)
Contains approximately 85 per cent, of manganese
peroxide, MnO^.
Dose — gr. 2 to gr. to (0-13 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
Bottles of OZ. I (28-3 jfwi.) aftd oz. 4 (113^//.)
,, Mercurous Chloride, U.S. P. (Calomel)
Of uniform physical character, prepared by sublima-
tion. Being free from mercuric chloride and other
contaminations, it pos.sesses desirable uniformity of
action. Guaranteed English preparation,
liosp — gr. i/a to gr. 5 (0-03 em. to 0-3 gm.)
\J.^.Y. AVRKAGE 1J05.E— j Alterative, 0065 gm. fer. 1)
Bottles of ot. 4 (ii3^«), oz. 8 (227 gnt.) and oz. 16
(454^/)
,, Mercury Iodide, Red, U.S. P. (Mercuric Iodide)
D<isE— gr. i/ja to gr. 1/16 (o-ooa gm. to 0-004 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 gm.), oz. 4 (113 gm.), oz. 8
(227 pn. ) and oz. 16(454 gm. )
., Mercury Iodide, Yellow, U.S. P. (Pure Mercurous Iodide)
A true mercurous iodide of definite and constant
composition. Contains no free mercury.
Dr>SE— gr. 1/8 to gr. i (0008 gm. 10 006 gin.)
Bottles of 0%. I (28-3^/.)
,, Mercury Oxide, Yellow, U.S. P.
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 gm. ) and <?:. 4 ( I IS g»i. )
For prices, see separate list
358 ' WELLCOME' BRAND PRODUCTS
'Wellcome' Brand Product s— continued
'WELLCOME' BRAND—
,, Morphine Acetate, U.S. P.
Dose — gr. i/8 to gr. 1/2 (o-oo8 gm. to 0-03 gm.)
Bottles of oz. 1/8 (3-5 g7n.), oz. 1/2 (14 gtii.), oz. i
(28-3 ^«.) andoz. 4 (ii3^;«.)
,, Morphine Hydrochloride, U.S. P.
Dose — gr. 1/8 to gr. 1/2 (0008 gm. to 0-03 gm.)
Bottles of oz. ij^ (3-5 gm.), oz. 1/2 (14 gm.), oz. I
(28-3 ^«.) atidoz. 4 (113^;.)
,, Morphine Sulphate, U.S. P.
Dose — gr. 1/8 to gr. 1/2 (0-008 gm. to 0-03 gm.)
Bottles of oz. i/S (3-5 g7/i.), oz. 1/2 (14 gm.), oz. 1
(2S-^gm.), oz. 4 (ii3_^«.) and oz. 8 {227 gm.)
,, Nicotine
The pure re-distilled alkaloid of Nicotiana tabacum.
Tribes of i gramme. Bottles of 5 grammes.
,, Nicotine Tartrate
A definite, well crystallised salt, readily soluble in
water.
Tubes of I gramme and 5 grammes.
,, Pelletierine Tannate, U.S. P.
An amorphous product. Prepared from the total
alkaloids of pomegranate bark.
Dose — gr. 2 to g^r. 8 (0-13 gm. to 0-5 gm.)
Bottles of gr. 60 (3-9 ^i.)
,, Physostigmine (Pure Alkaloid)
Tubes ofg>: 2 (0-13 gm.) and gr. 5 [o-t, gm.)
,, Physostigmine Hydrobromide (Eserine Hydrobromide)
Dose — gr. 1/60 to gr. 1/20 (o-ooi gm. to 0-003 §"■•)
7'ubes of gr. 5 (0-3 gm.) and i gramme
,, Physostigmine Salicylate (Eserine Salicylate), U.S. P.
Dose — gr. 1/60 to gr. 1/20 (o-ooi gm. to 0-003 gi"-)
U.S. P. Average Dose — o-ooi gm. (gr. 1/64)
Tubes of gr. 5 (0-3 gm.) and i gramme
For prices, see separate list
'WBLLCOMB* BRAND PRODUCTS 9BB
'Wellcome' Brand froducta—eontiHUft/
'WELLCOME' BRAND—
,, I'hysostigmine Sulphate (Eserine Sulphate), U.S. K
DosK — gr. 1/60 to gr. i/ao(o-ooi gm. to 0-003 gin-)
U.S. P. AvBRAGK Dose — o-ooi gm. (gr. 1/64)
Tubes of gr. 2 {0-13^/.) and gr. 5 (0-3 gin.)
,, Pilocarpine Hydrochloride, U.S. P.
' Wellcome ' Brand pilocarpine salts are free from the
less active /j<7pilocarpine and the inactive pilocarpidine.
Their purity is guaranteed by their respective melting
points, which are indicated on each package.
DosK — gr. 1/20 to gr. 1/2 ^0-003 gm. to 0-03 gm.)
U.S.P. AvRKACE Dose— o-oi gm. (gr. 1/5)
Tubes of I gramme. Bottles of gr. 60 (3-9 gtn.)y
ox. 1/2 (l4^/«.) and oz. i (28-3^/.)
,, Pilocarpine Nitrate, U.S.P.
This salt, which is stable, is the one best adapted for
general use.
Dose — gr. i/ao to gr. 1/2 (0-003 Km- 'o 0-03 gm.)
U.S.P. Average Dose — o-oi gm. (gr. 1/5)
Tubes of I gramme. Bottles of gr. 60 (3-9 gin.),
oz. 1/2 (14 jm.) and ot. I (28-3 ^«.)
.. Piperine, U.S.P.
The pure, crystallised alkaloid ot black pepper.
Dose — gr. 1 to gr. 5 (o-o6 gm. to 0-3 gm.)
Bottles of oz. 1 (28-3^/.)
„ Pudophyllin (Resina Podophylli, U.S.iP.)
Prepared strictly in accordance with the ofiicial method,
from a carefully selected drug.
Dose — gr. 1/4 to gr. i (0-015 gm- 'o o-o6 g^m.)
U.S. P. AvBRAGK Dose-/ P"'K""^'. o-o«5 gm- (gr. .,'4)
\ Laxative, 0-005 gni- (gr. x/io)
Bottles of 0%. I (28*3 gm.), oz. 4 {^Wlgrn.) andoz. 8
(227^//.)
,, Potassium Glycerophosphate
A syrupy li(|uid containing; 50 \tcx cent, of anhydrous
potassium glycerophosphate.
Dose — gr. 3 to gr. 5 (0-13 gm. to 0-3 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 ^fTw.) and oz. 4 (ii3^^w.)
For prices, tee separate litt
260 'wellcome' brand products
'Wellcome' Brand Products— coniinuecf
'WELLCOME' BRAND—
,, Potassium Hypophosphite, U.S. P.
Dose — gr. i to gr. 6 (o-o6 gm. to 04 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 ^«.) and oz. 4 {w^gvi.)
,, Quinine Bihydrochloride
Dose — gr. i to gr. 10 (o-o6 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
Bottles of OZ. I (28-3 ^«.)
„ Quinine Bisulphate, U.S. P.
Being readily soluble in water (i in 10), this salt is
more convenient for many purposes than the less soluble
sulphate.
Dose — gr. 1 to gr. 10 (o-o6 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
U.S. P. Average Dose — 0-25 gm. (gr. 4)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3,^;«.) and oz. 4 (113,.^^/;/.)
,, Quinine Hydrobromide, U.S. P.
Dose — gr. i to gr. 10 (o-o6 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
U.S. P. Average Dose — 0-25 gm. (gr. 4)
Bottles of oz. 1 (28-3^;«.) andoz. 4 (113^;//.)
„ Quinine Hydrochloride, U.S. P.
Dose — gr. i to gr. 10 (o-o6 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
U.S. P. Average Dose — 0-25 gm. (gr. 4)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 ^//z.) and oz. 4 (113^//.)
,, Quinine Hypophosphite
Dose — gr. i to gr. 3 (o-o6 gm. to 0-2 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 ^-w.)
,, Quinine Lactate
Dose — gr. i to gr. 5 (o-o6 gm. to 03 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3^;//.)
,, Quinine Phosphate
Dose — gr. i to gr. 10 (o-o6 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 ^w.)
,, Quinine Salicylate, U.S. P.
Prepared from physiologically pure salicylic acid.
Dose — gr. 2 to gr. 6 (0-13 gm. to 0-4 gm.)
U.S.P. Average Dose — 0-25 gm. (gr. 4)
Bottles of oz. I {iZ'i gin.) and oz. 4(113^/;/.)
For prices, see separate list
'wbllcomb' brand rsooucTS 981
Wellcome" Brand Product s—conttHUfti
WELLCOME* BkAND—
,, Quinine Sulphate (Compart)
This salt is presented in a more compact form of
crystals than that usually supplied, although identical
in composition with the official salt. Its diminished
bulk renders it more convenient for storage and
dispensing.
When ordering Quinine Sulphate, please indicate
whether "compact" or "large flake" is required.
DosK — gr. I to gr. lo (o'o6 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
U.S. P. Average DosB— 0-25 gm. (gr. 4)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3^///.) and oz. 4 (113 gm.). Tins
o/oz. 25 (709^/.) and OS. loo (2835^/.)
,, Quinine Sulphate (Large Flake)
This is the official salt in the usual bulky form of light
feathery crystals. We recommend in preference the
compact crystals, which occupy one-third the space, as
being more portable and convenient.
When ordering Quinine Sulphate, please indicate
whether "compact" or "large flake" is required.
DosB — gr. I to gr. 10 (0-06 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
U.S.P. Average Dose— 0-25 gm. (gr. 4)
Bottles of oz. 1I4 (7 gm.), oz. 1/2 {14 gtn.) and oz. i
(28-3 gm.). Tins of oz. 4 (113 gtn.), oz. 25 (709 gm.)
and oz. 1 00 (2835 gm. )
,, Scammony Resin, U.S. I'.
This resin is issued in the form of a fine, light-coloured
powder, which is specially convenient for dispensing.
DosB — gr. 3 to gr. 8 (0-2 gm. to o-s gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28'3 gm. ) and <?s. 4 ( 1 1 3 gm. )
„ Sodium Hypophosphile, U.S. P. (Pure Crystals)
In colourless transparent crystals containing one
molecule of water of crystallisation. It is free from
phosphate and phosphite.
DosB — gr. 3 to gr. 10 (o-2 gm. to 0-65 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I (28-3 ^«.), oz. 4 (113 gm.) and oz. 8
(227 gm. )
For prices, see separate list
262 'wei.lcome' brand products
'Wellcome' Brand Product s— continued
'WELLCOME' BRAND—
,, Sodium Salicylate, U.S. P. ( Physiologically Pure)
This salt is issued in "powder" and in "flake."
When ordering, please indicate which is required.
Dose — gr. lo togr. 30 (005 gm. to 2 gm.)
Bottles of oz. 4 (113 ^«.), oz. 8 {2X] gm.) and oz. 16
(454 ^^w.)
,, Sodium Salicylate (Natural)
Prepared from genuine oil of wintergreen.
Dose — gr. 10 to gr. 30 (0-65 gm. to 2 gm.)
Bottles of oz. I {1%-T, gm.) and oz. 4 (113 ^/«.)
,, Sparteine Sulphate, U.S. P.
Dose — gr. 1/2 to gr. i (003 gm. to o-o6 gm.)
Bottles of OZ. I (28-3 ^w.)
,, Strophanthin, U.S. P.
A preparation of uniform activity, controlled by
physiological test.
U.S. P. Average Dose — 0-0003 gm. (gr. 1/200)
Tubes of gr. 5 (0-3 pri.) and \ gramme
,, Strychnine (Pure Alkaloid), U.S. P.
Dose — gr. 1/60 to gr. 1/15 (o-ooi gm. to 0004 gm.)
Bottles of OZ. I (28-3 ^«.)
,, Veratrine
Pure crystalline alkaloid, not a mixture.
Tubes of gr. 5 (0-3 gm.). Bottles of i gramme, and
gr. 60 (3-9 ^w.).
For prices, see separate list
?i?l 'WELLCOME' BRAND CHEMICALS
WERE AWARDED
GRAND PRIZES AT THE FOLLOWING INTERNATIONAL
EXHIBITIONS
St. Louis, 1904 Alaska-Yukon, Seattle, 1909
Liege, 190; Japan-British, London, 1910
Milan, 1906 [1908 Brussels, 1910
Franco-British, London, Turin, 191 1
'.'s; 'Wellcome' ""and Chloroform
Clinically proved to be the ideal anaesthetic.
Marks the latest degree of efficiency and safety
t achieved.
Contains that small yet definite proportion of
Ethyl Chloride which has been found to conduce
to the comfort of the patient.
(Se€ page 251 J
•Tabloid' ""and *soamin' ;es
This product presents 'Soamin,' the reliable
Arylarsonate (Sodium para-aminophenylarsonate),
in accurate and soluble doses.
'Soamin' has been extensively used with marked
success in syphilis, sleeping-sickness and other
protozoal diseases. It is an excellent means of
exhibiting arsenic in anaemias, etc.
(See page 235;
BURROUGHS WELLCOME & CO.
London (eng.)
New York Montreal Sydney Cape Town
Milan Shanghai Buenos Aires
U.S.A. Offices and Exhibition Room:
35, 37 & 39, WEST THIRTY-THIRD STREET
(NEAR FIFTH AVENUE), NEW YORK CITY
Cables and Radiotelegrams — " Tabloid, New York "
Telephone No. — "508 Greeley" {two lines)
ABC and Libber's Telegraphic Codes used
Canadian Offices and Warehouses :
101-109, CORISTINE BUILDING
ST. NICHOLAS & ST. PAUL STS., MONTREAL
DEPOTS IN U.S.A.
Atlanta, Ga. — Jacobs' Pharmacy
Co., 10, Marietta Street
Baltimore, Md. — Muth Bros. &
Co., 23, South Charles Street
Boston, Mass. — Eastern Drug Co.,
8-20, Fulton Street
Chicago, III.- — E. H. Buehler,
134, Lake Street
Dallas, Tex. — Greiner - Kelly
Drug Co.
Detroit, Mich. — L. A. Seltzer,
32, W. Adams Street
Duluth, Minn. — Leithhead Drug
Co.
Hamilton, Bermuda. — Phoenix
Drug Co.
Houston, Tex. — Houston Drug
Co., 102, Travis Street
Indianapolis, Ind. — Kiefer Drtig
Co.
Kansas City, Mo. — Faxon &
Gallagher
Los Angeles, Cal. — Western
Wholesale Drug Co., 235-237,
South Los Angeles Street
Louisville, Ky. — Robinson-Pettet
Co., 528-532, West Main Street
New Orleans, La. — I. L. Lyons
& Co., Ltd., 222-224, Camp
Street
Philadelphia, Pa. — Smith, Kline
& French Co., 429-435, Arch
Street
Pittsburg, Pa. — W. J. Gilmore
Drug Co., 426, Seventh Avenue
Portland, Oregon.— The Clarke
Woodward Drug Co., 401-407,
Hoyt Street
St. Louis, Mo. — J. S. Merrell
Drug Co., Fourth and Market
Streets
St. Paul, Minn. — Noyes Bros. &
Cutler, 396-408, Sibley Street
San Antonio, Tex. — San Antonio
Drug Co.
San Francisco, Cal. — Langley
& Michaels Co., 34-40, First
Street
Seattle, Wash. — Stewart Holmes
Drug Co., 2og-2ii, Third
Avenue Street
Spokane, Wash. — The Spokane
Drug Co.
MEMORANDA
MEMORANDA
MEMORANDA
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MEMORANDA
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MEMORANDA
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MEMORANDA
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MEMORANDA
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MEMORANDA
THE SYNTHETIC H/€MOSTATIC
TRADS 'EPININE' mark
(3:4-dihydroxyphenylethylmethylamine)
The result of investigations at the ' Wellcome '
Chemical Works.
It possesses the characteristic physiological action
of the extract of the supra-renal gland, being
approximately i/io as active as the supra-renal
active principle, according to measurements of
their effects on the blood-pressure of the cat.
Since it is a synthetic substance forming crystalline
salts, its purity can be chemically guaranteed.
(See page I74>
?s 'Vaporole' brand 'Epinine' ts;
Each product presents i c.c. of sterile solution
(i in loo) in an hermetically-sealed container, for
hyjxxlermic use.
» Additional stability is thus secured.
'Epinine' is also issued in combination with
ocaine Hydrochloride.
(See page 244;
ERGOT IDEALISED
"sz 'Ernutin' brand Products
' Ernutin ' contains the desirable constituents of
Ergot, but is free from its inactive and objection-
able ingredients.
' Ernutin ' is physiologically standardised.
' Ernutin ' is a preparation of unvarying
composition.
' Ernutin ' is reliable. It is successful when
ordinary galenicals fail owing to the variability of
the crude drug.
Use
Dose
After normal confinements :
' Ernutin ' prevents or arrests
haemorrhage, promptly produces
a firm contraction of the uterus,
improves the tone of the uterine
muscle and assists involution.
In post-partum haemorrhage.
Give 30-60 minims of ' Ernutin,'
by the mouth, every three hours
after the completion of the third
stage of labour, until firm uterine
contraction is produced.
In ordinary cases inject,
hypodermically, 5-10 minims of
' Vaporole ' 'Ernutin.' In urgent
cases, it should be given by intra-
muscular injection.
(See page 175J
^ 'Wellcome* ""and
Concentrated Diphtheria antitoxin
In Syringe-containers
This product consists of the antitoxic globulins
separated by a method of salt precipitation from
Diphtheria Antitoxic Serum.
Although the fraction of the serum which is
removed in the process of concentration possesses
no antitoxic value, it is at least equally responsible
with the antitoxin- bearing proteins for those inci-
dental toxic symptoms which sera may produce
in susceptible patients.
Important. — In the resultant product looo
Ehrlich units are contained in, at most, i c.c. of
fluid as compared with the 2-5 c.c. necessary to
contain the same number of units in the case of
an average unconcentrated serum.
Each container presents an accurate dose of
antitoxin in a thoroughly reliable syringe.
fSe€ pagt 195;
c°j 'Tabloid' brand
Blaud Pill and Combinations
'Tabloid' Blaud Pill produces, in the presence
of the gastric secretion, nascent ferrous carbonate,
which, without the slightest derangement of the
ah'mentary functions, is quickly and entirely
absorbed.
A very complete series of compounds, which
possess the same high efficiency, is issued.
(See page 210J
7SI 'Tabloid' brand
Cascara Sagrada
Accurate doses of the true Cascara Sagrada.
Reliable, uniform and stable.
Produces' the full uncomplicated physiological
action.
Free from the griping tendency of false or inferior
cascara preparations.
(See page 214^
SSgglBSgSSSgBSSgl^^
:sf 'Kepler' Solution
(Of Cod Liver Oil in Malt Extract)
The combination of cod liver oil and malt that
is digested by invalids, infants and convalescents.
It makes flesh, fat and bone when ordinary
emulsions make trouble.
Its rich nutty malt flavour is much appreciated
by fastidious patients.
about the production of
•Kepler' Malt Products
The finest ingredients the world produces, the
most intimate knowledge, the widest experience
and the most costly machinery that science has
yet devised, are the factors which secure the
characteristic superiority of 'Kepler' Malt
Products.
(See pages 183 and 184^
Awards
CONFERRED UPON THE
Wellcome Physiological Research Laboratories
AT INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITIONS
ST. Louis ONE GRAND PRIZE
1904 ONE GOLD MEDAL
Liege ONE GRAND PRIZE
1905 TWO GOLD MEDALS
MILAN ONE GRAND PRIZE
1906
LONDON TWO GRAND PRIZES
(Franco-British)
1908
LONDON ONE GRAND PRIZE
(Japan-British)
1910
BRUSSELS FOUR GRAND PRIZES
1910
TURIN THREE GRAND PRIZES
1911
Physiological Research and Preparations
ETC.. ETC.
((' 0
\J^_J
"wmm
\
Portion of Frontage
Burroughs Wellcome & Co.'s Chief Offices
London (Eng.)
Corner of Holborn Viaduct and Snow Hill
facing Holborn Viaduct Station
Typical Awards
AT INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITIONS
COMFBRKBO UPON BURROUGHS WkLLCOMB & CO.
For the SCIENTIFIC EXCELLENCE
OF THK Firm's Products
St. Louis
1904
LlECE
1905
London
(Franco- Brm»h)
1908
SEATTLE
(Alaska-Yukon)
1909
London
(Japan- British)
1910
BRUSSELS
1910
BUENOS
AIRES
1910
LONDON
(Festival of Empire)
191 1
Turin
1911
THREE GRAND PRIZES
THREE GOLD MEDALS
SIX GRAND PRIZES
THREE DIPLOMAS OF HONOUR
THREE GOLD MEDALS
SEVEN GRAND PRIZES
ONE DIPLOMA OF HONOUR
TWO GOLD MEDALS
ONE GRAND PRIZE
FIVE GRAND PRIZES
ONE COLD MEDAL
EIGHT GRAND PRIZES
THREE DIPLOMAS OF HONOUR
ONE GOLD MEDAL
ONE GRAND PRIZE
TWO GRAND PRIZES
ONE GOLD MEDAL
EIGHT GRAND PRIZES
TWO DIPLOMAS OF HONOUR
THREE GOLD MEDALS
MAKIMO IN ALL
MORE THAN 260 HIGHEST AWARDS
Burroughs Wellcome a. Co.'s
New York Offices and Exhibition Room
35, 37 & 39, West Thirty-third Street
(near Fifth Avenue), New York City
THE
'Tabloid' i invented
AMJ - by
*Soloid' J H.w.&co.
Are
m 0
:i}mm
They mark the work of
Hiirroughs Wellcome & Co.
i'hey tfuan " Issued by
Burroughs Wellcome & Co."
i'hey s/apid for
2.-4? CAIX^Tj |)roducts
<l — I
p
A
■^-
(
0
l
3
:
c
I
n<:
)
0
-St
k
ATLANTIC
Plan of
Acme Hotel
Albemarle Hotel
Baptist Church
Berkshire Inn .
Borton Hotel .
Bothwell Hotel
Brighton Hotel
Chalfonte Hotel
Continental Hotel
Dennis Hotel .
Central Portion
14
Edison Hotel .
4
46
Elberon Hotel
28
35
Fredonia Hotel
23
50
Greater Pittsburgh Hotel
26
27
Haddon Hall Hotel
33
40
Holmhurst Hotel .
36
8
Howard Hotel .
25
32
Iroquois Hotel .
30
29
5
Islesworth Hotel
47
DETO
meeti no 15 helb in
Atlaktjc City Exposition Building
BOARDWALK AND KENTUCKY AvfeNUE
Position Indicated by Red Hand
■sTrssfASMo/n n
1 ktNNA. 'ftJt
\STATiqM
OP Atlawtic City. N.J
lackson Hotel . . . .
Marlborotuh-Blenhelm Hotel
Netherland Hotel .
New Chatham Hotel
Pennhurat Hotel
Ponce de L*on Hotel
Presbyterian Church
Raleigh Hotel .
Raymond Hotel
39
6
16
37
3
48
38
54
42
St. Charles Hotel
St. lames' Hotel
Sheibume Hotel
Shoreham Hotel
Sothem Hotel.
Traymore Hotel
Warwick Hotel
Westminster Hotel
Yotinft's Hotel .
55
21
2
44
4t
9
3)
15
22
m-"^ m-^ «y^ 'm^ 'm^ 'm-^ ^
-^ University of Caiifomia
, SOUTHERN REGiONAL LIBRARY FACILITY
^ 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1388
i Return thiis material to the library
'^ from wtiich it was t>orrowed.
H
ft
m
f
^
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PRINTED INU.S.A.
"""IE
B9T2a
1912
Burroughs V'^llcome & Co.
Anfrlo-Saxon leechcraft
WZ5U
B972a
1912
Burrouf^hs Vfellcome ft Co.
Ar-firlo-Saxon leechcraft
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