REYNOLDS HISTORICAL
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ANNALS
OF THE
EARL! imiLmiGIAIlffl
•CUYAHOGA COUNTY.
NUIvmER V.
Published by Order of the Executive Committee.
CLEVELAND, 0.
PRINTED AT THE PUBLISHING HOUSE OF THE EV. ASSOCIATION.
1884.
1746546
Officers of the Association.
1884.
Hon. Harvey Rice, President.
Hon. John W. Allen,
Vice-Presidents.
Mrs. J. A. Harris,
Thomas Jones, Jr., Secretary.
Solon Burgess, Treasurer.
Rev. Thomas Corlett, Chaplain.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.
George F. Marshall,
R. T. Lyon,
Darius Adams,
John H. Sargent,
M. M. Spangler.
THE EARLY SETTLERS >NNIYERSARY,
JULY 22nd, 1884.
The Early Settlers' Association convened on the clay of their
Anniversary, July 22, at 11 o'clock A. m., at the Tabernacle,
Ontario St., in the city of Cleveland. The weather was pleasant,
and the attendance of members unusually large. It was delightful
to witness the cordial manner in which old friends, as they entered
the hall, recognized each other and exchanged congi-atulations.
The hall, or ground room of the tabernacle, is not only spacious,
but somewhat imposing. The platform at the end of the hall had
been decorated for the occasion with a profusion of flowers set in
vases and draped overhead with muslins of various colors. On
the wall, in rear of the platform, hung a life size portrait of G-en-
eral Moses Cleaveland.
After a goodly number of new memberships had been enrolled
by the Secretary, the President of the Association, Hon. Harvey
Rice, called the assemblage to order, and the session was opened
with prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. Thomas Corlett. The President
then introduced to the audience Mrs. Grace Perkins Lohmann, of
Akron, who sang " Auld Lang 83- ne " in a style of rendition that
was not onl}^ charming, but highly relished as an agreeable
surprise. At the conclusion of the song the President delivered
the following address :
ADDRESS.
Ladies and Gentlemen:
This is the fifth anniversary of our Association. We hail its
recurrence with joy and with gratitude, for the reason that it brings
with it so many cherished memories of the past, and affords us
another opportunity to exchange heartfelt greetings with our early
g ANNALS OF THE
friends. Not only this, but it enables us to recall and live over
again the da3"S of our 3'outh, and at the same time contribute
something of value to the unwritten history- of pioneer-Jife in the
Western Reserve.
In commemorating the 22nd of July as the anniversary of our
Association we recognize a historical fact of permanent interest —
the birthday of the City of Cleveland. It should be remembered
that Gen. Moses Cleaveland and his staff of surve^^ors, who were
sent out from Connecticut to survej^ the wild lands of the Western
Reserve into townships and subdivisions, landed at Conneaut on
the 4th of July, 1796, and celebrated the day in the patriotic style
of the olden times. Soon after this event, the General with a
detachment of his staff proceeded up the Lake coast in an open
boat, and on the 22nd of S\x\y entered the mouth of the Cuyahoga
river, and disembarking, ascended its eastern bank, where he
beheld, for the first time, an elevated plain of rare beautj^, and so
suggestive of natural advantages, that he became at once
enraptured with the scene, and predicted that here would arise at
no distant day a great commercial city.
So impressed was he with this belief that he promptly ordered a
survey of the locality into city lots. When the survey was
completed, he attempted to select an appropriate name for the
child of his brain, but could not hit upon a choice. His staff
observing his embarrassment came to his relief, and baptized the
infant cit}^, and named it " Cleaveland " in honor of their chief.
The General not less modestly than gracefully accepted the
compliment. In 1830, the letter "a" in the first syllable of his
name was dropped out by a newspaper publisher of the town, to
bring the new heading of his paper within the breadth of his
sheet. The public at once adopted the abbreviation.
The city may well be proud of her name, and of the character of
her founder. She has so grown in importance as to acquire in less
than a century since her birth a population of nearly two hundred
and fifty thousand. Verily this modern Moses, of 1796, has
proved himself a true prophet. Cleveland has indeed become a
great commercial city. — the "beautiful city on the Lake shore."
EA RL Y SETTLERS' ASSO CIA TION. 7
Gen. Moses Cleaveland was born on the 27th of January, 1754, at
Canterbury, in the countj^ of Windham, and state of Connecticut.
He graduated in 1777, at Yale college. He adopted the legal
profession, and practiced law for some years in his native town
with marked success. Congi'ess recognized his eminent abilities
by appointing him, in 1779, captain of a companj^ of sappers and
miners in the Army of the United States. He was also elected a
member of the Connecticut legislature, and appointed a Brigadier
General of the State Militia — a position whieh at that day was
regarded as one of distinguished honor. The masonic fraternity of
his native State confen-ed upon him the office of Grand Master,
and, in 1796, the Connecticut Land Company placed him in
command of the surveyors whom they sent out, in that year, to
survey the lands of the "Western Keserve, preparatory to putting
them in market — a task which he satisfactorily accomplished.
It was he and his staff, who led the advance of civilization into the
wilds of the Western Reserve. He married an accomplished lady
by the name of Esther Champion in 1794, by whom he had
four children. He died at Canterbury, Nov. 17th, 1806, at the age
of 52 years. His wife and three of his children survived him. She
died in 1840.
Gen. Moses Cleaveland was no ordinary man. He descended from
a parentage of unblemished character, and left to his posterity an
unblemished character. He was emphatically a gentleman of fine
acquirements, polished manners, and unquestioned integrity. He
enjoyed the confidence of the public, because he was worthy of it.
His morality was an outgrowth of puritanism, and was as rigid as
it was pure. He was manly and dignified in his bearing, and so
sedate and self-possessed that strangers often mistook him for a
clergyman. In complexion, he was rather swarthy, so much so
that the aborigines of the Reserve claimed him as akin to their
own race. In the social circle he was alwaj'S a welcome guest.
If we may judge from his portrait, his expression of face indicated
thought, firmness, and decision. He was a man of courage amid
threatening dangers, and as shrewd in his tactics and management
as he was courageous.
8 ANNALS OF THE
In a word, whatever he undertook to do was well done. Like
Romulus, he founded a cit}', and gave it his name. Rome honored
the memory of her founder by erecting to him not only a temple,
but went so far as to deify him. The founder of the city of
Cleveland, it must be conceded, attained to a much nobler manhood
than the founder of Rome, and though the same classic honors are
not claimed for him, yet the time has come, as it seems to me,
when our citizens generall}', as well as the members of this
Association, would rejoice to see a life-size statue of Gen. Moses
Cleaveland grace the Central Park of our city in recognition of his
memor}^ not only as the founder of the city, but as a man, whose
life and character are an honor to the age in which he lived.
The action alread}^ taken by this Association, in reference to this
subject, seems to be approved hy a generous public sentiment. It
is believed that in the course of another year the requisite funds to
meet the expense can be obtained. It is said that the city of
Cleveland excels in matters of artistic taste. In attempting to
honor the memory of her founder, she should do it with such a
degree of liberalit}^, and in such a style of art, as to honor herself.
The success of our Association has hitherto been not less
gratifying than unprecedented. The Association consisted of less
than twent}' members at its organization. It now has on its roll
nearly six hundred memberships. Every citizen of the county,
who has resided fortj' years or more in the Western Reserve, is
eligible, and may become a member of the Association, with the
assurance of being received into fellowship with a frank cordiality
that is sincere. The roll of memberships is one. of honor, and
embraces manj' names of talented men and refined women, who are
not onl}^ worthy of honors, but who have earned their honors as
representatives of that gi-and phalanx of earl}' pioneers whose
enterprise, intelligence and foresight laid the broad foundations of
the present prosperity of the Western Reserve.
There are many early settlers residing in other counties of the
Reserve who sympathize with us in our labor of love. It has
occurred to me that all such persons should be invited to attend
our annual meetings, and that such of them as may furnish us
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 9
with valuable historical contributions should be made honorar}'
members of our fraternity.
The good work that our Association has already' accomplished is
sufficiently evidenced by the series of " Annals '' it has published.
The value of these annals seems to be generally appreciated, if we
may judge from the avidity with which the}^ are sought and read.
The trifle it costs to sustain our Association, from year to year, is
amply compensated, as seems agreed, by the social enjo3ment its
annual festivities afford. In addition to this, each member receives
a gratuitous copy of the "Annals." All that is now needed to
strengthen the Association and increase its usefulness, is renewed
efibrt in rescuing from oblivion such remaining traditions and
relics as may serve to enrich as well as illustrate more fully the
early history of this favored land of our choice.
It is from the dead past that the living present derives most of
its knowledge. This knowledge we should so improve as to leave
to our successors a still richer legacy. Thus it is that one age
grows wiser than another, as the one follows the other in apostolic
succession, as it were, ever proclaiming in the ear of time the
gospel of the ages. And thus it is that civilization, as the ages
come and go, is supposed to advance, and to grow still purer and
nobler as it advances. Though a refined civilization may never
reach perfection, it may so nearh' approach it as to give to this
earth-life of ours the happ)' characteristics of a heaven-life.
It is in the innocent phase of childhood, perhaps, that we recog-
nize our highest ideal of human happiness. And hence we often re-
call the daj's of our youth with unalloyed pleasure and satisfaction:
"When the years were as happy as long,
And the hours danced to music and song."
And yet it is possible that we may find and enjoy a still higher
order of pleasure and satisfaction in commingling the delightful
reminiscences of our youthful days with the practical experiences
of our maturer years, especially if we are sustained by a faith that
we have not •' lived in vain." Be this as it may :
" There is a slumbering good in all,
And we, perchance, may wake it;
Our hands contain the magic wand,
This life is what we make it."
10 ANNALS OF THE
Official business being next in order the following reports were
read and approved :
REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.
Mr. President : —
Five years of increasing interest — of annual social intercourse —
of added local history, and prospects of more to come, are ample
evidences of the ^'■condition, success, and prospects" of the "Early
Settlers' Association of Cuyahoga County.'''' Nevertheless the Executive
Committee are expected to say something more than that, if it be
merely a repetition of what has heretofore been said.
It is but eightj^-eight 3'ears to-day, since Moses Cleaveland set his
Jacob staff not far from this spot and with an eye single to the
prospects of the future, concentrated his vision through hio telescope
and spied out this land, marked lines and made field notes that have
become guides for all who followed him.
Mostof us have lived here more than half of eighty-eight years, and
our ej'es have beheld what has been accomplished during that period
of time. It may be, there are those who would have preferred the
first forty -four j^ears of Cleveland to the last, but we had better be
content with what we have, than long for what we never can get. It
is possible, if we had followed Moses and his chain we would never
have stuck a stake and located quite so near lake Erie and the
Cuyahoga as we are to-da3\ If the cultivation of the soil had been
our aim, we would, most likely, have followed the judgment of that
clear-headed set of New England farmers who went farther south
and east, settling in that rare section which surrounds the Mahoning
river.
The early settlers are sure to analj'ze the soil before they locate,
although some look for a mill site, a place for a saw mill, or a grist
mill, or a distiller3^ When the new comers here placed their
cowhide boots into the unproductive white sands of this plateau,
they would naturally say that this was not the soil they sought,
and hence they concluded to go hence. Who was there in those
early da^-s that thought or cared whether this point of land would,
in one or two or even three generations, produce a population of so
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. U
close an approximation to a quarter of a million as we now see ?
The keen eye of the land speculator did not warrant an investment
in corner lots, in the hope that it may double and quadruple in a
given number of 5^ears.
It matters little to us now respecting our aims or hopes, we are
all here, and are compelled to make the most of it.
Upon the occasion of our first annual meeting Mi-. Samuel
E. Adams, in his able address, gave ample reasons why we should
hold in/ grateful remembrance the 22d of July, and make that
day the one we celebrate. It was the day that Cleaveland, in
1796, set foot upon this soil, in order to lot it out for a pros-
pective city. That date appears to be so well grounded in our
faith, that it is now established as an immovable festival. It
will be remembered that the same orator, upon the same occa-
sion, advanced the idea that we, as the grateful followers
of the early Moses, are in duty bound to erect some fitting
monument, to commemorate the memory of the second Moses
who spied out this land of ours, and left his name to adorn the
most beautiful city on the continent.
Respectfully submitted,
Geo. F. Marshall, Chairman.
REPORT OF THE TREASURER.
Dues from old members $257.25
Dues from new members 72.25
Total $329.50
Expenses $315.50
Balance on hand $ 14.00
Solon Burgess, Treasurer.
12 ANNALS OF THE
REPORT OF THE MONUMENT COMMITTEE.
Mr. President : —
You selected a committee who are rather too discreet. They
did not importune men to part with their money. During the first
six months of the j-ear we could not get two of the committee
together at one time, hence we have done nothing and solicited
nothing. We have waited until the money market should not be
so tight, and I now move that the committee be discharged and a
new one appointed. R. P. Spalding, Chairman.
On motion, the committee, R. P. Spalding, Bolivar Butts, and
Dudley Baldwin, were re-appointed, and John A. Foote and A. J.
Williams added to the committee.
REPORT OF THE CHAPLAIN.
The following are the names of members of the Early Settlers'
Association, so far as ascertained, who have died since its last
annual meeting : James F. Clark, Mrs. Harriet Dan Coakley,
Benjamin R. Beavis, Mrs. Mary C. Given, James W. Fitch, H. B.
Hurlbut, Judge E. HeSsenmueller, Alexander Mcintosh, Thomas
Thompson, Samuel Williamson, W. J. Warner, Martha S. Wilson,
Orlando P. Cutter, David Proudfoot, Thomas Cannell, and Zophar
Case.
The}' were all persons of excellent character, so far as known to
me. Some of them were prominent personages well known to the
public. It is a matter of regret that brief biographical sketches of
each of them cannot now be given, but the difficulty of obtaining
the necessar}' facts has prevented me from undertaking the task.
It is to be hoped, however, that the personal friends of the
deceased, who could furnish the facts, will either do so, or prepare
sketches, with a view to their future publication in the " Annals "
of the Association. Thos. Corlett, Chaplain.
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 13;
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
Upon motion made by Hon. John A. Foote, the following officers
of last year were reelected for the ensuing year :
President, Hon. Harve^' Rice.
Vice-Presidents, Hon. John W. Allen and Mrs. J. A. Harris.
Secretary, Thomas Jones, Jr.
Treasurer, Solon Burgess.
Executive Committee, Messrs. George F. Marshall, R. T. Lyon,
Darius Adams, John H. Sargent and M. M. Spangler.
Chaplain, Rev. Thomas Corlett.
Mr. H. M. Addison offered the following resolution, which was
adopted :
Resolved, That in view of the importance of obtaining as much
as is yet possible of the earlj- histor^^ of Northern Ohio direct from
the earl}' settlers themselves, we invite all kindred associations to
cooperate with us in obtaining such, either printed, written, or oral,
in the most prompt and efficient manner.
On motion, the following persons, resident in Ohio, were unani-
mously elected honorary members of the Association: Grov. George
Hoadly, Cincinnati ; Hon. John M. Edwards, Youngstown ; Hon.
Lester Taylor, Claridon ; Rev. Samuel Bissel, Twinsburgh ; Rev.
Dr. James A. Bolles, Cleveland ; Daniel Punderson, Esq., South
Newbury; Laurel Beebe, Esq., Ridge ville ; Rev. Albert B. Green
East Cleveland, and Mrs. Mary Wood, wife of the late Gov. Wood,
Rockport.
Mrs. Wood, being present, was escorted to a seat on the platform
and introduced to the Associatian by the President. She grace-
fully acknowledged the compliment. For some years past, she
has resided with her daughter in California, and had but recently
returned. She is now in her 87th year, and is still quite vigorous
and active.
• 14 ANNALS OF THE
The following historical contributions wei*e then read by their
authors in the order in which they appear :
RECOLLECTIONS.
by george b. merwin.
Mr. President : —
My father, Noble H. Merwin, and family, consisting of my
mother and two children, arrived at Cleveland in the month of
Februar}', 1816, having passed the previous winter in the town of
Palmj'ra, Portage county. Such was the condition of the roads
that we were three da3's in making the distance of fifty miles.
At that time, on the corner of Vineyard lane, now called South
Water street, was the tavern of George Wallace, a small, two-story
frame building, adjoining was the hat store and manufactory of
Geer and Walsworth, next came the house of Mr. Henderson, a one-
story and a half building, in the next one-story house lived Mr.
Hanchett, who was engaged in the bakery business, his shop being
on the lot where the Atwater block now stands; next came Dr.
David Long's oflfice, now occupied by the American House, he
lived in a double log-house back in the garden, built by Gov.
Samuel Huntington, the barn was built by Samuel Dodge of Euclid,
and was the first frame building erected in the village, the job
was* done under a special contract, for the payment of which he
gave him eleven ten-acre lots fronting on Superior street, there
were several large pear trees about the house, Elisha Norton, some
of whose grand children are now living in Cleveland, resided in the
house, owned by Ashbel W. Walworth, who was postmaster,
collector of the port, justice of the peace, and to whom was confided
in 1826 for disbursement, the first five thousand dollars appro-
priated by Congress for the construction of the piers at the mouth
of the river, keeping all these offices in the front room of the house.
The mails were carried on horse back, and came once a week from
the east and west, he was also the first letter carrier Cleveland had,
for he carried the letters in his hat, and when three or four letters
came he would go around and deliver them, then lock up the
office and go fishing with the boys.
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSO CIA TION. ^ 5
The duties of these offices were not very arduous in those da3^8,
and they were not as much sought after as they are in these
degenerate times; the house stood back a little from the street with
a row of poplar trees in front.
Judge Daniel Kelley, with his sons Irad, Thos. W. and Reynolds,
lived in the next house, which was built of brick and stood opposite
the head of Bank street. Then followed the stores of Stephen
Dudley and Almon Kingsbury; the latter gentleman had some
ideas about doing business quite different from those of our
modern merchants, it was said that a man went into his store and
inquired if he had any hand saws for sale, he said he had but one
and did not wish to sell it, as it would break the assortment, in his
store. I saw the boues of Omic, the Chippewa Indian, which were
anatomized by Dr. Long. He had great horror of being hung, he
called it swinging and often begged Major Carter to shoot him, but
finally agreed to quietly submit, if he would give him a pint of
whiskey- on the day of his execution ; this was done and he was
executed on the 26th of June, 1812. The gallows was erected in
front of the old red Court House, which was a short distance in
front of the Stone Church and had been cut down, but the chesnut
stumps were still standing. On the comer of the Square now
occupied b}' the Forest City House, was a small two-story frame
building kept by Mr. Mowry as a tavern, no other families lived on
the south side of Superior street.
Bej'ond the Square on the north side lived Mrs. Dewey, near her
was the residence of Mrs. Johnson, mother of the late Capt. Levi
Johnson, her son Benhue drove an old white horse and cart,
furnishing the citizens with water from the river at two shillings
for a load of two barrels, and was in great requisition on Mondays;
he amused the boys by alwaj^s singing the tune of the " Roving
Sailor," and occasionally kicking his horse with his wooden leg.
Further on lived uncle Abram Heacox, his shop stood just east
of Kingsbury's store, on one side of his sign were the words,
"Uncle Abram works here," on the other was represented a
gentleman riding up and asking, " Can you shoe my horse ?" The
reply underneath was, " Yes Sir." This sign was painted by old
16 ANNALS OF THE
Capt. Allen Gra^dord, a war veteran of 1812, who llA'ed in Newburgh,
a selftaught artist and undoubted genius, he did the house and
sign painting, and white-washing for the town, and also carved
scrolls and figure heads for vessels. The sign of Geer and Wals-
worth represented an Indian aiming his rifle at a beaver sitting at
the root of a tree across the river. A gawky rustic from Brooklj^n
passing along one da}', stood looking at the sign several minutes,
holloed "Why don't you shoot, you d — fool, you have been
aiming long enough." On the east side of the Square, where now
stands the Hofl^man block, was the saddle and harness shop of
Amasa Bailey, all east and north of that were scrub oaks and
hickor}' saplings with now and then a large chesnut tree, on the
north side near where the fountain now is, was the old red Court
House and Jail built in 1812, kept by Mr. Auchinbaugh; Eleazar
Waterman was his successor for manj^ years afterwards, the cell
was about twelve feet square, constructed of hewn logs, and was in
the southwest corner, the upper room was used for holding courts,
and also used hy the free masons for masonic purposes, religious
services were also held here, whenever a passing missionary
remained in town over the Sabbath. The blacksmith shop of
David Burroughs was on the corner now occupied hy Webb and
Butts, jewelry store, his stock of geese rested in the middle of the
street, there was a puddle whenever it rained, in which they would
disport themselves; the hay scales were on the corner now occupied
by Crittenden's jewelry store, the roof projecting over the street.
The Cleveland Herald, established in 1819, was published in the
back room of the same building, edited by Mr. Logan ; once being
short of paper, one edition was published on foolscap.
About half way between Seneca and Bank streets was a two-
story tavern kept by George Wallace, afterwards by Michael
Spangler. On the corner of Superior and Bank streets, the Com-
mercial Bank of Lake Erie was established in 1817, and occupied
a small red building, Alfred Kelley, President, and Leonard Case,
Cashier ; he lived in a small house on the same lot. A year or two
afterwards Mr. Case purchased the two acre lot, where the Post
Office and City Hall are, for the sum of forty dollars ; the Weddell
EARLY SETTLERS' A SSO CIA TION. JJ
House lot was enclosed with a rail fence, which extended to St.
Clair street, where the Weddell House now stands. One morning I
picked up sixteen pigeons, killed by my father at one shot.
The south side of St. Clair St. was enclosed by a rail fence to the
west line of Ontario street, on the lot joining the Kennard House.
The first school house was built in 1817, the number of scholars on
the opening was twenty-four ; the 3'oung men in the town were
assessed to pay the master for the amount of his wageS' for the
children of those parents, who were unable to do so. Religious ser-
vices were regularly held here, Judge Kelle}^ offering prayer, a
young man read the sermon and m^' mother led the singing ; sing-
ing school was also kept here, taught b}' Herschel Foote, who came
from Utica, N. Y., and established the first book store in town in
the store formerly occupied b}^ Dudle3\ At that time there was not
another building on that side of the street until you came to the
residence and store of Nathan Perry oia the corner of Water. A
band of Indians who lived on the west side of the river used to
sell their furs and peltries every Spring to him. He spoke their
language fluently.
On the west side of Water street, near the brow of the hill, was
the tavern of Phineas Shepard, built by Major Carter for a block
house, and afterwards covered with clapboards ; on the south cor-
ner of this street and St. Clair was the residence of Judge Samuel
Williamson, his brother Matthew had a tannery at the foot of Union
Lane, Mrs. Major Carter lived in a house on the brow of the hill
north of St. Clair. On the light-house lot lived John Burtis,
whose business was lightering freight to and from vessels, which
generally anchored about a mile from shore. The mouth of the
river was sometimes nearlj' choked up by drifting sand driven in
by the north- west and north-east gales every Fall and Spring. I
have waded across the mouth of the river many times. One Fall,
late in the month of November, a bear was seen to cross the mouth
of the river, there being about three inches of snow on the ground,
he was tracked by some sportsmen as far as Doan's brook, but not
seen. The last house on the west side of Water street, was the
brick residence of Alfred Kelle}', this the last old landmark on the
o
IQ ANNALS OF THE
street was taken down about twelve years ago ; I have seen two
acres of wheat growing between the house and bank of the lake,
the corners of the fences were filled with stumps and elder bushes,
quarter-mile scrub races were sometimes run on this street.
Dr. Donald Mcintosh lived on St. Cla'ir adjoining Nathan Perrj^'s
garden, and kept a tavern, called the Navy Hotel. Capt. Levi,
Johnson lived in a house on the corner of Water and Lake streets,
north of this was the residence of William Gr. Taylor, built about
1831 ; he came from Michigan, a lawyer by profession, and connect-
ed himself with the notorious counterfeiters James and Daniel
Brown in a scheme to purchase a ship at New Orleans with count-
erfeit United States bank notes, go to China and purchase a cargo
of tea ; they were all aiTCSted at New Orleans, and committed to
prison, where Dan Brown died, Jim and Taylor were released by a
writ of habeas corpus, had a trial and were discharged, as it was
not proved that they passed any counterfeit money. The house was
owned and occupied by the late Deacon Stephen Whittaker ; a few
rods north of the house under a chestnut tree, that eccentric per-
son Lorenzo Dow preached a sermon one Sunday afternoon in
July, 1827, he sat at the roots of the tree during the delivery of
his discourse, his first words were, -' Well, here 3'ou all are, rag, shag
and bobtail," he made a prayer and sang a hymn unaccompanied.
At the foot of Superior was a log warehouse occupied by Jabez
Kelle}', used for the manufacture of soap and candles ; Uncle
Jabe, as he was called, was a peculiar character, and had a habit
of winking his eyes and snapping his fingers very often, partic-
ularly so when mellowed by a little wine at a Fourth of July
celebration, he would rise, drink to every toast, wink his eyes,
snap his fingers and shout, " Glorj^ to God !" There was a small
frame warehouse at the foot of Lighthouse street, owned and
occupied by Capt. Levi Johnson, he had a small schooner, and in
1825 built the first steamboat of two hundred and fift}- tons on
River street, called the " Enterprise." There was a ferry at the
foot of Superior street kept b}' Christopher Gunn, the boys named
him " Old pistol," price of fenying a shilling for a team, sixpence
for a footman.
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCJATLON.] 19
About the j^ear 1830 Superior street was graded froha the west
line of Bank to the river, the cutting at the Atwater building was
twent3^-one feet, Robert Gather, who kept a tin shop, was con-
tractor.
The first church, built in 1828, was Trinity Church on the south-
east corner of Seneca and St. Clair, a commodious frame building
that was destroyed by fire about the year 1853.
During the "Winter of 1821-2, my father built a schooner of
fort3"-four tons at the foot of Superior street, she was launched in
March 1822, and was enrolled in the District of Cuyahoga Sept.
11, 1822, under the United States Revenue Laws, her chain cable
was made b}' a blacksmith named Daniel Jones, an excellent work-
man; in order to test its strength it was fastened to a butternut
tree near the residence of Capt. Johnson and pulled upon hy
twelve yoke of oxen. After several heavy strains it parted, but
was thought by Capt. Belden, her first master, and several other
vessel men, sufficiently strong to hold her in the heaviest gale.
When she was launched, I stood on the heel of her bowsprit, and
as she touched the water, christened her b}' giving her m^^ mother's
name, " Minerva," and broke a gallon jug of whisk}' over her bows,
as was the custom on similar occasions in those times, as she slid
on her wage. Uncle Jabe Kelley jumped on board from the roof of
his factory ; she was dispatched to Mackinac loaded with provisions
for the garrison on that island, and made the round trip in four
weeks, which at that time was regarded as a wonderful achieve-
ment. The same Winter Philo Tajior built the schooner " Pru-
dence," 39 tons, on the side hill on the Newburgh road, near
mother Colahan's cabin, about half a mile from the Public Square.
When she was launched, so steep was the declivity, that a
stream of fire issued from under her bows, and she went across the
river and stuck fast in the mud. requiring the strength of the
crowd who had assembled to see the launch, to pull her off".
Near the cabin a spring of most excellent water came out of the
bank.
John Burtis built the schooner " Lake Serpent," 25 tons, the
next Winter, across the river near Columbus street.
20 ANNALS OF THE
Afterwards the schooner " Macedonia " was built on the farm of
Sam'l Dille, about two miles out on the Newburgh road, was brought
in on wheels, launched at the foot of Superior street, and after-
wards purchased by the late John Blair.
The celebration of the completion of the Ohio canal between
Cleveland and Akron took place on the 7th Jul}^, 1827. It was
considered a very important event for the future prosperity of
Cleveland. My father went to Buffalo and purchased the canal-
boat Pioneer ; she was towed up b}' the Walk-in-the-Water, taken
around Case's point, the tow-path cut and put into the canal. The
lower ship-locks being made larger than ordinary' canal-locks to
allow vessels to pass through to a dry dock which had been con-
structed near where the stone mill was afterwards erected. A large
part}^ of ladies and gentlemen went up the canal several miles and
were met by a boat from Akron, named, Allen Ti'imble, in honor
of Gov. Trimble, who was then in the Executive chair.
The Governor, the Canal Commissioners, and a large party of
ladies and gentlemen were on board ; each boat was provided with
a small swivel, salutes were exchanged and loud cheers were given,
the hills echoing back the joyful sound, as the general congratula-
tions took place.
Among those on board the Pioneer, was Horace Perry and wife ;
he was very much opposed to the canal, and said it would greatl^^
increase the taxes in the State and do great injury to his farm,
which was about two miles out on the Newburgh road, by separat-
ing the meadow land from the high-land.
In some way Mrs. Perry's leghorn hat got off and fell into the
canal, he exclaimed : " There, I knew the d canal would be the
ruin of me, there goes my wife's bonnet which cost thirty dollars."
An elegant banquet was prepared by James Belden, and served
under a bower in the garden of the Mansion House, in the evening
there was a grand ball in Belden's assembly room, the managers
were C. M. Giddings, H. H. Sizer, William Lemon, S. J. Andrews,
J. W. Allen, our worthy Vice President, who is the only survivor.
At the foot of Bank street there was a star-shaped stockade
Fort, built of chesnut puncheons, capable of holding two hundred
men, this was built during the war of 1812; it was named Fort
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 21
Hungerford by the /soldiers, owing to the very polite attention
shown by the commanding officer to a widow of that name, who
lived near by.
It was said that Gen. Harrison, on his way to the forts on the
Maumee river, came to this fort, having, I believe, the reputation
of being as gallant as he was brave, called upon the widow one
evening ; some of the boys, seeing him go there, placed a pail of
soft soap at the back door and knocked at the front door ; the
General made a hasty retreat, and, as the saying is, put his foot
into it.
I have seen the broken chesnut puncheon coffins of the poor
fellows who died there, projecting from the bank of the lake as it
caved down from them, their martial cloaks were army blankets.
Inflation, or the rag baby currency, had early friends in Cleve-
land. In one of the early years after my arrival here, small change
became very scarce ; silver dollars were cut into nine pieces, half
dollars into five, pistareens, worth eighteen and three quarter cents,
into two, and each piece passed for a shilling.
To relieve the wants of the people, the township trustees passed
an order to issue and issued one hundred dollars in shin-plasters,
as they were called, of the denomination of six and a quarter,
twelve and one half, and twenty-five cents, the bills were signed
by Daniel Kelley, President,- and Horace Perry, Clerk of the
Board of Trustees.
It was pretty cheap living in Cleveland in those early days, and
for some years after ; the price of flour was from two to two and
a half dollars per barrel, eggs six pence per dozen, butter eight to
ten cents per pound, corn thirt}^ cents per bushel, wheat fifty cents,
oats fifteen, and whiskey twenty to twenty -five cents per gallon.
In those times four and six horse covered wagons, from Stark
and Wayne counties, loaded with pork, flour and whiskey, filled
Superior street from the Atwater buildings to the Public Square,
the men slept in their wagons and generally brought their pro-
visions and horse feed with them, and tied their horses to the pole
of the wagons.
I have seen my father roll a barrel of salt out of the ware-
22 ANNALS OF THE
house iind receive in return two barrels of flour and one dollar
in money.
In the early agitation of the temperance movement, its friends
thought that a temperance 4th of July celebration would have a
beneficial influence upon the question ; arrangements were accord-
ingly made, and committees appointed to carry it out. Col. Tim-
othy Ingram was selected for chief-marshal, the late Geo. A. Bene-
dict and myself, assistants, an oration was delivered in the stone
church, a procession formed and marched to the table under a
bower on the Public Square. The da}' was very warm, in the
afternoon the leaves on the branches overhead having withered,
the hot sun came pouring through upon the table, and to add to the
discomfort, the ice water had given out, one of the toasts, exciting
my patriotism, I said, "now gentlemen, all fill 3'our glasses and
drink to this very patriotic toast ; " the late Kichard Winslow, one
of the early and most respected citizens, took the vinegar cruse
and mixed some vinegar with the water ; Col. Ingram read the
toast at the head of the table, Benedict read it in the centre, I
voiced it with emphasis at the foot; all arose and drank. Mr.
Winslow, who stood near me, exclaimed, " Slops b}^ Java. Mr.
Merwin ; " what benefit to the cause was gained by this celebration,
its friends have never informed me.
Among the noted characters in town, and the greatest joker of
them all, was Gains Boughton, who came from the Susquehana
river ; he kept a store in a small building in the lot next east of Geer
and Walsworth's hat store, any one who did not know him, enquiring
for an article which he did not have, he would send the person to the
house of some private family to purchase it. One da}' an essence
peddler came along and wanted to sell him some oil of peppermint ;
Boughton said he had on hand all he required, but he knew a man
who would buy all he had, he was a very queer kind of a man, and
would probably say he did not want to buy, and you must stick to
him, and he will take all you have ; directing him to the residence
of the Rev. Mr. McLane, principal of the old brick academy
school, which was on the corner of Bank and St. Clair, now occu-
pied by the Hoyt block; in answer to his knock. Mrs. McLane
EABLY SETTL ERS' A SS CIA TION. 23
came to the door and asked what was wanted; he replied he
wished to see the man of the house ; Mr. McLane come hobbling
along and asked him what he wished, the peddler said he came to
sell him some oil of peppermint, Mr. McLane declined purchasing
and turning to go back to his room, the peddler said, " now old
fellow, I know all about you, yon ma}- as well bu}' it first as last."
The repl}' was, "Sarah, bring my horse whip." The peddler left
suddenly on a keen run.
In the foregoing narrative I have endeavored to give m}' earl}-
recoUections of this beautiful and prosperous Cit}^ of Cleveland
without exaggeration and with the hope that the}- may possess a
historical value worth}' of preservation.
INCIDENTS IN THE CAREER OF THE MORGAN FAMILY.
BY ISHAM A. MORGAN.
The time of the exodus from the eastern States, and the early
settlement of the pioneei's in the wilderness of Cu3'ahoga county are
far in the past. And if the trials and scenes of pioneer life could
all be told, the change would appear, viewed in connection with the
present and prospective status of our county, almost as marvelous
as the stories of the Arabian Nights entertainment. And although
the great changes have not been made in a moment as by the
magic of Aladdin's wonderful lamp, still, the few left of the earl}^
pioneers can but be astonished at the wonderful change they long
ago helped to inaugurate.
My earliest recollection is when we were moving to this famed
far off land. From memory and from incidents which others made
me familiar with near the time of their occurrence, enables me to
relate man}- incidents which were a living reality in the bygone
days.
My father, Capt. Youngs L. Morgan, and my mother, with their
five children, moved from New London county, Connecticut, to a
portion of Cleveland, afterward set off as Newburgh township.
John Wightman with wife and two children came the same year
24 ANNALS OF THE
that we did, but by a somewhat different route. Though he was a
noble specimen of New England honesty and thrift, I have never
seen his name recorded among the early settlers. As stated in a
former number of the Annals of the Early Settlers' Association of
Cuyahoga count}', we came in 1811. My youngest brother, A. W.,
was born four years after we came here. Consequently a Buckeye,
and the only Buckeye in our family, was raised as long ago as
when buckeyes grew spontaneously all along the wild Cuyahoga
valley.
We came in a covered wagon, bringing as much household
goods, and wearing apparel as the limited means of conveyance
would admit of The team was a 3'oke of oxen on the tongue, and
a span of horses on the lead. One of my sisters, eight years old,
rode one of the horses, and guided both, most of the way. The
road much of the way from Alban}', and especially from Buffalo,
was merely a trail through the woods. The brush among the trees
only having been cut out. Two other families came in company
with us. The party made good progress for those days, being only
about three months on the way including two weeks stoppage on
account of sickness.
Major Spicer and family, a part of the company, settled in the
woods, where Akron cit}^. Summit county now is. James Fish and
family, were also a part of the company. James in connection with
his brother Moses, were the first settlers where Brooklyn village is.
And my father in moving the James Fish famil}^ there in the
Spring of 1812, crossed Walworth run the first time that is was
ever crossed with a wagon or other wheel vehicle.
After Mr. Fish had cut and bui'ued the small timber on a few
acres, and girdled the large trees, as the custom was, and had
raised some corn, and] wheat, then the next thing was to get it
ground at the Newburgh mill, it being the onl}^ mill then built and
operated in this section of the State. That he usually did, by
putting a bag of wheat on his horse, and another of corn, and his
stoutest boy on top of the bags, and sending him to Newburgh
through the woods by the way of Cleveland. And when he got to
the river opposite the foot of Superior street, then after being
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 25
ferried over the river, he went on to the mill, got his grist ground,
and returned home the same way.
It was lucky for the boy in his excursions if he got home before
dark, as wild animals were commonly met with on the path after
dark. And what made' it ofttimes doubly interesting to night
travelers, there were wolves to howl, and often not far away.
Sometimes when hungry they would follow people who where on
horseback, manifesting a strong desire for a meal of horse, or rider.
The}' who never heard the American or gray wolf howl, know but
little about vocal music. At. least they know but little about the
amount of noise a few wolves can make when they get engaged in
concert.
Once in particular, I remember, when I was passing through a
piece of woods at the approach of night, the wolves began their
music but a few roads from me. The result was, if ever I moved
lively to a place more desirable for a while, that was the time.
Had I waited for them to come nearer and demonstrate their
feelings for a lone boy at that time, when the evening twilight
began to make them anxious to begin their night revel, I might
not at this time mention what I know of their music, and not
unfrequently of their too social proclivity with the lone and
unarmed traveler who meets them in their native haunts.
When we came to this countr}', there were many Indians liere^
but they were general^ friendly, and there was but little to fear
from them. But when war was declared with Great Britain in
1812, many Indians took side with England. Then the frontier
settlements had enemies crafty and cruel, and no one knew when,
or where, they were least likely to make their murderous raids,
and it was nececsary for every family exposed as they were, to be
on the alert, for fear of surprise. M}- father kept a gun and a
heavy cane by his bed, as weapons of defence in case of an attack
in the night by Indians.
A little previous to Hull's surrender at Detroit, the Indians made
a raid at Huron, murdered several, and captured a young man and
a woman, and fled Avith their prisoners. The woman not being
able to travel as fast as the Indians liked, they murdered and
26 ANNALS OF THE
scalped her, and did the same b}' her then prospective posterity,
carrying oft" a double trophj' of their horrible deed. One day not
long after that event,, the people at the mouth of Huron river
discovered parties coming in boats, they were a good deal alarmed,
as they supposed them to be British and Indians to be let loose on
the almost defenseless settlers. A courier was imraediatelj' sent to
Cleveland to give the alarm there. Major Samuel Jones of
Cleveland got on his horse and scoured the country round, telling
the people to go to Doan's Corner, and there would be a guard to
protect them as best the}' could. My brother joked and hitched
the oxen to the wagon, as we then had but one horse. After
putting a few necessarj- articles into the wagon, and burying a few
others, sill went to Doan's Corner — East Cleveland, where most of
the i^eople in Cleveland and vicinity assembled. My father had
been ill with a fever, and was scarcely able to be about, he took
the gun, which had been brought along, and handed it to my
brother Y. L. Jr., who was a good shot, and said to him, " If the
Indians come, you see that there is one less to go away."
That night was spent in expectation not the pleasantest. A few
men had stayed in Cleveland to watch developments there. In the
morning, Capt. Allen Gaj'lord was seen approaching the encamp-
ment, waving his sword, and saj'ing, " To 3'our tents, Israel, Gren-
eral Hull has surrendered to the British General, and our men, in-
stead of Indians, were seen oft" Huron. The}' are returning to
their homes." Thankful were all that it turned out with them to be
nothing worse than the inconvenience of fleeing from their homes
on short notice under unpleasant circumstances.
Those days were days that tested the nerve and endurance of the
fathers and mothers. One night while my father was sick, my
mother hearing the tinkling of a bell in the corn-field, worn by one
of our oxen, and notwithstanding that the tinkling of a bell was
sometimes a trick of the Indians to decoj' and entrap unwar}' ones
who were in the search of their cattle, she started out in pursuit of
what she was inclined to believe were the trespassing oxen, and by
no little effort succeeded in driving them out, and in closing the
gap in the fence, saving the growing corn from further destruction.
EARLY SEITLERS' ASSOCIATION. 27
After war was over, the people no longer feared molestation,
and the latch string was out again for all comers. I don*t suppose
there are man}' now who know what a latch string to a log cabin
was. It was a string about a foot long, with one end fastened to a
latch inside of the door, and the other end put through a hole in
door, so that when the door was shut, anj- person outside wishing
to enter, could pull the string, raise the latch, and open the door.
In those days the latch string hung out when any of the familj'
were at home. But when all were going away the latch string was
pulled in, and everything was then as safe as if locked in a money
vault, no one ever molesting an3'thing when the latch string
indicated that the family were away. All prided in keeping the
latch string out when at home, fraternally entertaining an}' who
might come.
In 1815, Napoleon I. surrendered in person to England, and was
sent a prisoner to the isle of St. Helena. The news of that event
came to New York, and to New London by sailing vessels, then it
was published in the Connecticut Gazette, and then the Gazette
came by mail on horse-back to Cleveland, where we received it,
often taking two months or more to get important news from the
old countries, which now would be telegraphed to and published
in Cleveland on the day of its occurrence. It was a relief from
the monotony and dearth of news which had prevailed, when Logan
commenced printing the first paper ever published in Cleveland,
called the Cleveland Register. The entire contents of that weekly
would fill but little more than one page of a medium size daily
of the present time. Yet it was considered a great advance in
aflfairs, indicating gi'owth and prosperity in the little village of
Cleveland.
Schools there were to teach the young idea how to shoot after
the war was over. But there was no school fund, nor a school
law in the State of Ohio till several years later. Our estimable
President of the Early Settlers' Association has the honor of being
the author of the present school law of Ohio. They of my early
age and locality, never had the benefit of the better schools at
home which are provided for youths now. In our early days, the
28 ANNALS OF THE
heads of families clubbed together where there were enough to
sustain a«school, and youths enough could be got together to make
it an object to hire a man to teach the large boys and girls in the
Winter, that being the time of year when their work was least
required, while the smaller ones went to the Summer school, taught
by a woman.
If a family possessed a Webster's spelling-book for spelling, an
American Preceptor, or a Columbian Orator, or a Dwight's geog-
raphy, which were used for reading books, a DaboU's, or Adams'
arithmetic, and a slate and pencil for ciphering, and paper, ink, and
goose quills for writing, and possibly a Murray's grammar for such
as wished to studj- grammar, with these it was supposed that the
youths were fully armed and equipped for school exercise.
Taking the dinner basket filled with the noon repast, they put out
for the log school-house, perhaps from one to three miles distant^
and the greater part of the wa}' through the woods. And on their
arrival there, spent their hours with their teacher in acquiring a
knowledge of what was called a common school education.
The Rev. Stephen Peets, whom some of the old inhabitants of
Cuyahoga County ma}' remember, taught our school in the Winter
of 1814-15. And during the term, he got up an exhibition for the
evening of the last day of school. On the road from Newburgh to
Cleveland, now Broadway, where you first get a view of the river
from the high land, was Samuel Dille's house, which, of course^
was a log house. It was large for the times, and in it was a
spacious upper room, the length and breadth of the house. There
the people of Newburgh and Cleveland assembled and witnessed
the performance of the Conjurer, taken from the Columbian Orator ;
the dissipated Oxford student, also taken from the same book ;
Brutus and Cassius, taken from the American Preceptor ; and
several other pieces. The various parts were conceded by the
critics there, to have been performed in admirable style. After the
performance, my father, mother, two sisters, and myself, returned
home a distance of a mile and a half on the family horse. Two
adults and three plump children, 6 to 12 years of age, might now
be considered rather a large load for one horse to carry, and 5 on a
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 29
horse, as may be supposed, would now render a cavalcade some-
what uncouth in appearance on the broadwaj's of Cleveland. But
then people dispensed in part with stjdish appearances, and accom-
modated themselves to the necessities of the time. We all arrived
home safe and sound, and the horse that carried us, did it apparentl}'^
without fatigue.
Perhaps that school exibition was where a desire had its origin
to excel in dramatic performance several years later by Cleveland
young men and ladies, under a tutor of more than ordinary- repute.
But what a change in that little company since that time. — 1 re-
member the whole soul and ever cheerful Thos. Colahan, the
social and generous Sylvester Gaylord, the eccentric j-et well
meaning Francis Billett, the genial and warm hearted Wm. Skin-
ner, the staid friend James H. Elwell, and Lewis Dibble, the ever
generous and true to his associates, — he remains with us. — And
the ladies — I cannot forget them. And while tears of sadness
start in memory- of the departed ones of that association, let a
warm greeting continue as often as the three or four remaining
ones meet, and I would say to all, let the friendship of earlier
days be imitated, and the kindl}' acts of pioneer life inspire the
rising generation to kind and noble deeds.
The exercises of the forenoon were now concluded with a song
finely rendered by Mr. Fulkerson, a popular singer of Cleveland.
The Home Amateurs, and other singers who had so kindlj^ volun-
teered their services for the occasion, were invited by a vote of the
Association to partake in the social lunch which waS now announced
as ready by the blowing of a conch-shell as in pioneer times. The
shell was said to have been in use over a hundred years ago.
Three long rows of tables had been set under the galleries in the
hall laden with substantials and luxuries. The moment the chonch
had ceased its sonorous tones, the Association took a recess and
seated themselves with invited guests at the tables. All seemed
to enjoy the feast, and especially the social chit-chat that accom-
panied it.
30 ANNALS OF THE
AFTERNOON SESSION.
The Association was called to order at 2 o'clock. The public
had been invited to attend. The hall, lai'ge as it is, was filled.
The exercises commenced with the singing of " Auld Lang Syne "
b}^ the Home Amateurs, in a stjle and with a zest that delighted
the audience. The Annual Address followed.
ANNUAL ADDRESS.
THE CORPORATE BIRTH AND GROWTH OF CLEVELAND.
by hon. s. o. griswold.
Ladies and Gentlemen of the Early Settlers Association : —
At the request of your worth}' President I appear before you to
deliver youx fifth annual address. While I cannot pretend to bring
to you an3-thing of personal recollection of the earl}' days, my
line of study has made me familiar with some matters which may be
appropriately considered on this occasion. The authorities for the
facts to be stated b}' me are in great part derived from the archives
of the State, and the public records of the County and City, which
I have verified by personal inspection. I must also acknowledge
my obligation for other facts to that most excellent compilation in
regard to the history of Cleveland by our distinguished fellow
townsman, Col. Charles Whittlesey. The subject which I have
chosen for m^- address is : The Corporate Birth and Graivth oj
Cleveland.
This place, where the Cuyahoga riA'^er empties into Lake Erie, was
regarded by the statesmen of the ante-revolutionary period as a
strategic point for the command of the' northwest! territorj', and
the control of the future commerce of the lakes. Immediately
after the ratification of the treaty of peace in 1784, the Continental
Congress by resolutions passed the 23rd day of April of that year,
assumed the control of this vast territory, and on May 25th, 1785,
it passed an ordinance for the survey and sale of the land thereof.
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSVCIATION.
31
There then existed, however, on the part of several of the States,
conflicting claims in regard to their jurisdiction and ownership of
the title to this region. The State of Connecticut made large
claims to the territory; but on the 14th of September 1786, that
State ceded to the Continental Congress all its rights over this
region, reserving, however, the title to all the land bounded south
by the 41st parallel of north latitude, and north hy the line of 42°
1', and extending west between these lines from the Pennsylvania
line, a distance of 120 statute miles.
On the 13th day of July 1787, the Continental Congress passed
an ordinance for the government of this territory of the United
States northwest of the Ohio river, which is known as the famous
ordinance of 1787. In the fifth article of that ordinance, it was
provided that not less than three nor more than five States might
be formed out of this territory, and the western line of the eastern
State thereof was coincident with the present western boundary of
Ohio, said line beginning in the Ohio river at the mouth of the
great Miami, and drawn due north to the territorial line between
the United States and Canada.
A territorial government was immediatelj- organized, and General
Arthur St. Clair was appointed governor, and continued to hold the
office till Ohio was admitted into the Union. On the 12th of July
1788, the governor, by his proclamation, established Washington
Count}', including all the State east of a line from the mouth of
the Cuyahoga river to the Ohio river, and on the 29th day of July
1797 he established the County of Jefferson, which included all the
northern part of said Washington County. Although the Conti-
nental Congi-ess, b}' its resolutions and ordinances, assumed juris-
diction over all this territory northwest of the Ohio river, the State
of Connecticut j'ielded none of its claims to this reserved tract,
described in its act of session of 1786, and proceeded to deal with
it as its own rightful territory, and, as is well known, granted the
title to the soil thereof to the Connecticut Land Company. The
few scattered inhabitants of this district paid little heed to the
assumption of jurisdiction b}' the territorial governor ; they laughed
to scorn the tax gatherer sent among them, and he returned to his
32 ANNALS OF THE
county seat with his pockets leaner than when he started from
home. The spirit of those earlj' emigrants is well portrayed b}''
the conduct of the surveying party sent out b}^ the Connecticut
Land Compan}^ to survey this territor3^ after the conve3-ance to it
by the State of Connecticut. They arrived at the western bound-
ary of Pennsylvania and established the point where the dividing
line struck the lake, on the 4th of July 1796, and having per-
formed this work, proceeded on that day, as was the custom of the
whole country, to have a Fourth of July celebration, with federal
salutes, dinner, toasts and speeches ; and the second toast on that
occasion was the State of New-Connecticut, which was drank with
well filled bumpers of good old-fashioned grog. The}^ were actu-
ated by the same sentiments and feelings as were their ancestors
more than 150 years before, who, finding themselves gathered on
the banks of the Connecticut river^ and feeling the necessity of an
established government, without any permission or authority of
king, parliament, ro3^al council, or colonial assembly, adopted a
written constitution, the first known in all history, where the ultimate
authority was based on the major vote of the people, and under
that constitution established a government, and entitled it, " The
Commonwealth of Connecticut."
The disputes, however, as to the jurisdiction of this territory,
were settled in a wise and prudent manner ; the first Congress of
the United States, at its first session, passed an act, approved
August 7th, 1784, ratifying the ordinance of 1787, and continuing
in force the territorial government, and b\' an act passed at the
first session of the sixth Congress, approved April 28, 1800,
authorized the President of the United States to accept for the
general government the session of jurisdiction of this territor}'^
west of Pennsjdvania, commonly called the Western Reserve of
Connecticut, and by said act confirmed the title to the soil in the
State of Connecticut, and authorized and directed the President to
issue a patent to the Governor of that State for the territory
embraced within the boundaries aforesaid. On the 10th of July
following, the Governor of the territor}^, by his proclamation,
established the county of Trumbull, which substantially embraced
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 33
within its limits all of said reserved tract. The Connecticut Land
Compan}^ after its purchase took immediate steps to have its land
surve3'ed, and in 1796 sent out a surveying party, at whose head
was General Moses Cleaveland, to perform the work. As before
stated, this party arrived and established at the lake a point in the
line of the boundary' between this reserved tract and the State of
Pennsylvania. It does not fall within m}' purpose to give any his-
tor}' of that survey, and I refer to it only in connection with the
laying out of this cit3^ The plan of the survey was first to estab-
lish the dividing line between the tract and Pennsylvania, then to
establish the southern boundar}- line, being the 41st parallel of
north latitude, then to lay off on this line ranges of townships
containing 25 square miles, the ranges numbering upwards west-
wardl}', and the townships northwardl}'. That portion of the
surveying party, whose duty was to run the southern boundary,
having proceeded on that line sixt}^ miles westwardly, being the
west line of the 12th range, then ran the west line thereof north
to the lake, and arrived here at Cleveland on the 22d day of July,
1796, where nearly the whole part}^ were reunited, and furnished
with supplies, which they greatly needed. You have well chosen
this same day of the month as j^our anniversary day. When this
party running the west line had arrived at the north line of the
sixth township of the 12th range (Independence), they found the
course of the Cuyahoga River, which passed centrally through
that township, then bore substantially a due northerly course to
the lake, and in accordance with instructions of the Company, the
west line of this range was not further prolonged on its course, but
they went eastwardly to the river for the rest of the distance, mak-
ing the Cuyahoga River the west boundary to the lake, and the next
township, which was Cleveland, therefore, according to the survey,
became the seventh township of the twelfth range, although a
small strip near the lake was on the line of the townships num-
bered eight. When General Cleaveland examined the situation^
with the prescience of a leader of men, he saw that this pla-
teau at the junction of the river and the lake was the true site
for a city, and he directed his surveyors to lay out here a plot for
3
34
ANNALS OF THE
the same. In his judgment here was to be the capital of the
State of New-Connecticut, which was to arise and grow on this
reserved wilderness. The actual surveying work was done under
the direction of Augustus Porter, assisted by Seth Pease and Amos
Spafford as principal surveyors. The area selected contained
about 520 acres, and was divided into two acre lots, 220 in num-
ber, with streets, alleys, and public grounds. There was fli'st made
a rough field map on which these lots, streets, and grounds were
marked and laid out. but a more perfect and complete map was
made hy Seth Pease and finished before the 1st of October of
that year. On this old field map, there was written in fair hand,
as well to perpetuate the General's memory, as the event itself,
'' The Cit}' of Cleveland." In the spelling, the letter '• a " in the
first syllable always used b}' the Greneral himself was omitted,
which letter was not used in the English District of that name,
called by the old Saxon invaders CUf-londe, which was the origin
of the cognomen, and it has generally been omitted by the family
to which the General belonged. There was a resurvey of the plot
by Major Spafford in 1801, who had assisted in the original survej%
The clearing away of the forest and other causes had destroyed
many of the posts and monuments originally set and marked, but
he had before him the original minutes and survey, and no sub-
stantial change was made by him in the lots or streets.
The streets as copied from Pease's notes and minutes are as
follows :
First, Superior street^ north side beginning at the west end, where
it connects with Water street at a post (from said post, a white oak
marked D bears S 31° E dist. 21 links). Thence runs N 56° E
(counting from the true meridian) 20 chains to the Square.
Thence keeping the same course across the Square to a corner post
on the other side of the Square 9 chains 50 links (from the last post
a white oak marked F bears N 25° west 24 links dist). Thence N
56° E 20 chains to the west side of Erie street to a corner post, from
which W oak marked R bears S 82° W dist. 46 links.
N. B. This street is 200 links in width.
Surve}' of I^ke street north side, beginning at the west end at
1746546
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 35
Water street at a corner post, (from which a whitewood tree marked
H bears S 31° E dist. 31 links). Thence runs N 56° E 24 chains to the
west side of Ontario street to a corner post, from which a black
oak marked J bears N 42° E distant 38 links. Thence aci'oss sd.
street 150 links to a post, from which a white oak marked K bears
N 22° W distant 24 links. Thence to the west side of Erie street
24 chains to a corner post from which a white oak marked N
bears 69° W 45 links distant. This street is 150 links in width.
Federal street is parallel to Superior street. The south side of
Federal street is half way from Superior street to Lake street ; it
begins on Erie street and runs 56° E to the east line of the citv
limits. Its length is 1800 links, and its width 150 links.
A description of Huron street. It is parallel to Superior street,
and distant from it 20 chains. Its width is 150 links, its length
from the east line of the city to Erie is 18 chains ; afterwards there
was a triangular piece taken off from lot No. 97 to connect sd. with
Ontario above the bank. The north side of Huron from Ontario
to the river is 745 links. The south side of Huron street to Miami
street is 16 chains, and from Miami street to the river 12 chains
50 links.
Ohio street is parallel to Huron street, and is distant from it 20
chains. The whole length is from Miami street to Erie street 16
* chains ; its width is 150 links or 6 rods.
The description of Erie street. East side. The distance from
the south line of the city limits to Huron street is 31 chains 50
links, and from Huron street to Federal sti'eet to the top of the
bank of the lake shore is 17 chains 25 links. West side. The
distance from the south line of the cit}' to Ohio street 10 chains ;
from Ohio street to Huron street is 20 chains ; from Huron street
to Superior street is 20 chains ; from Superior street to Lake
street is 20 chains 3 links ; from Lake street to the top of the banks
of the lake shore is 708 links ; below the banks not measured.
This street lieth at right angles with Superior street. That is N
34° W or S 34° E. The whole length from the south line of the
city to the top of the bank of the Lake is 83 chains 68 links. The
width of the street is 150 links.
36
ANNAJ.S OF THE
Ontario street. East side from Huron street to the Square is
14 chains ; from the Square to Lake street is 16 chains ; from Lake
street to the top of the bank of the Lake shore is 7 chains. West
side from Hui-on street to Maiden Lane is 8 chains 55 links ; from
Maiden Lane to the Square is 6 chains 70 links ; from the Square
to Lake street is 16 chains ; from Lake street to the top of the
bank of the Lake shore is 7 chains 62 links. The course of
Ohio street is N 34° W or S 34° E and 150 links in width.
Miami street connects the west end of Ohio street with Huron
street and is parallel to Erie street. The length is 20 chains, and
its width 150 links.
Water street. East side from Superior street to Lake street is 20
chains ; from Lake street to the top of the bank of the Lake shore
is 8 chains 50 links. "West side, from Superior street to Mandrake
Lane is 15 chains ; from Mandrake Lane to Bath street is 13 chains
12 links. The width is 150 links. Its course is N 34° W or S 34° E.
Survey of Mandrake Lane. West side beginning at Water street,
and run by lot No. 197 S 50° W 5 chains 72 links ; thence S 6° E
5 chains 61 links to Union street. South east side beginning at
Water street and run S 56° W 5 chains 18 links. Thence S 6° E
484 links to Union Lane. The width of the street is 100 links.
Survey of Union Lane. North side beginning at the south end of
Water street west side and run N 80° 40^ W 316 links to a post ;'
thence N 56° 50^ W 863 links to a post ; thence S 77° 20' W 200.
links to a post, where it connects with Mandrake Lane, thence
S 77° 20' W across the end of Mandrake Lane 101 links. Thence
S 56° W 167 links to the river. The width of this Lane is 100
links.
Survey of Vineyard Lane. West side beginning at an angle formed
by the continuation of Water street west side and Superior street
south side ; thence running S 8° 20' W 435 links to a white oak ;
thence S 24° W 12 chains to a post ; thence S 66° E 128 links to the
river.
N. B. The road is laid 100 links wide ; also a reserve is made for a
landing place at the river 6 rods, immediately east of the last
described line ; likewise the last mentioned post is distant N 14**
hARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 37
HO^ to 150 links from a stake set at the end of the 17th course
Cuyahoga Traverse.
In the old field map, the name of Superior street was first written
" Broad," Ontario " Court," and Miami " Deer," but these words
were crossed with ink, and the same names written as given in
Pease's map and minutes. In Spafl!brd's map, " Maiden Lane,"
which led from Ontario street along the side of the hill to Vineyard
Lane, was omitted, and the same was never worked or used.
Spaflfbrd also laid out Superior Lane, which was not on the Pease
map, which has since been widened, and become that portion of
Superior street from Water down the hill to the river. "Bath
street " is not described in the Pease minutes, but is laid out on the
map, and is referred to in the minutes, and the boundaries and
extent appear on the map. The Square also is not described in
the Pease minutes, but is referred to in the description of Ontario
and Superior streets, and is marked and laid out on the map.
In Spaffbrd's minutes the Square is thus described : " The Square
is laid out at the intersection of Superior street and Ontario street,
and contains ten acres. The center of the junction of the two
roads is the exact center of the Square." These surve3'S, the
lading out of the lots bounding on the Square, their adoption by
the Land Company-, the subsequent sale b}- said Company of the
suiTOunding lots abutting upon it, make the "Square" as much land
devoted to public use as the streets themselves, and forever forbids
the same being given up to private uses. The easterly- line of the city
was the east line of one tier of lots, beyond Erie street, coinciding
with the present line of Canfield street. The east line began at
the lake, and extended southerly one tier of lots south of Ohio
street. The line then ran to the river, down the river skipping the
lower bend of the river to Vineyard Lane, thence along Vinej^ard
Lane to the junction of Water with Superior street, thence to the
river, thence down the river to its mouth. Superior street, as the
survey shows, was 132 feet in width, the other streets 99 feet. It
is hardly possibly to fully appreciate the sagacity and foresight of
this leader of the survej'ing party. With full consciousness of
what would arise in its future growth, he knew the city would
38
ANNALS OF THE
have a suburban population, and he directed the immediate outljing
land to be laid off in ten acre lots, and the rest of the township
into 100 acre lots, instead of the larger tracts into which the other
townships were divided. The next j'ear, the ten acre lots were
surveyed and laid out. The}' extended on the east to the line of
what is now Willson avenue, and On the south to the top of the
brow of the ravine formed by Kingsbur}^ Run, and extended west-
wardly to the river bank. Owing to the peculiar topography of
the place, some of the two acre lots had more and others less than
the named quantity of land, and the same occurred in the survey
and laying out of the ten acre lots. The flats were not surve^'ed
oflF into lots, and there was an unsurveyed strip between the west
line of the ten acre lots and the river, above and below the mouth
of the Kingsbury Run, running south to a point west of hundred
acre lot 278. Three streets were laid out through the ten acre lots,
each 99 feet in width to correspond with the city streets, called the
South, Middle and North Highway. The southerly one becoming
Kinsman street, the Middle, Euclid street at its intersection with
Huron ; the southerly one received its name from the fact that
Kinsman, the east township of the seventh line of townships, was
at a very early period distinguished for its wealth and population.
The Middle was called Euclid, because that was the name of the
next township east. The North Highway was a continuation of
Federal street, but changed to St. Clair, after the name of the
territorial governor, whose name, in the minds of his admirers, was
a synonym of Federal.
Owing to the apparent!}' poor character of the soil upon the lake
shore, the great body of earl}' emigrants pushed on into the
interior, and for many years there were only a few struggling
settlements to be found on the site of the future city. But the
general population of the territory rapidly increased, and the
seventh Congress, at its first session, by an act approved April 30th,
1802, enabled the people of the eastern division of the territory
northwest of the Ohio to form a constitution for a State Govern-
ment, and for the admission of the State into the Union on an
equal footing with the other States. The western boundary of the
EA RL Y SETTLERS' A SSO CIA TION. 39
State was the same as originally established by the ordinance of
1787, but the northern boundary was a line intersecting the same
drawn through the southerly extreme of lake Michigan, running
east after its intersection until it intersected lake Erie, and thence
through lake Erie to the Pennsylvania line. The convention was
authorized by said act to assemble on the first Mondaj' in the fol-
lowing November, and within that month, and on the 29th day
thereof, they had completed and signed their constitution, and
thereupon Ohio became one of the States of the Union. In the
same year, 1802, agreeable to an order of the Territorial Court of
General Quarter Sessions, the inhabitants of this township called
Cleveland, met at the house of James Kingsbury, on the 5th day
of April, and organized a Township government by choosing
Rudolphus Edwards as chairman, and Nathaniel Doan as clerk, and
elected as Township trustees Amos Spafford, Timothy Doan, and
W. W. AVilliams. They also elected the then usual Township
officers, appraisers, supervisors of highways, fence viewers and
constables, and thus began the corporate existence of Cleveland.
The Township jurisdiction then extended over a large surrounding
territor}', which was afterwards curtailed b}' the organization of
new townships.
December 31st, 1805, the General Assembly passed an act for
the division of Trumbull county, whereb}' Geauga county was
established, which embraced all of Trumbull count}' east of the
Cuyahoga river, and north of the fifth range of townships. In the
same act provision was mad(! for the future organization of Cuya-
hoga count}', and by an act passed January 16th, 1810, Cuyahoga
count}' was established. It embraced all the territory now within
its limits east of the river, including Willoughb}', which was long
afterwards annexed to Lake county, and on the west embraced the
greater part of Medina and Lorain counties, for which provision
had been made for their future organization, and which were after-
wards established. It would be too much of detail to give any
histor}- of the township. ; but I notice that one of the supervisors
of highways chosen at the first election was Samuel Huntington,
who was the same year elected as delegate to the State Convention,
40 ANNALS OF THE
the first Senator elected from Trumbull count}', afterwards chosen
Supreme Judge, and subsequently elected Governor of the State.
Stanley Griswold also was Town Clerk, but soon appointed by the
Governor to fill a vacanc}- in the United States Senate from Ohio,
and at the end of his term appointed by the President, Judge of
the northwest territory. On the 2nd day of March 1799 Congress
divided the northwest territory into custom collection districts, the
Erie district including the shores of lake Erie from the Pennsyl-
vania line to the Maumee river, then called the Miami of the lake,
and the port of entry was ordered to be established at said Miami
river, or near Sandusky; and two ports of deliver}^ were also author-
ized. The eigth Congress at its 2nd session, on the 3rd da}' of
March 1805 divided this district, making the west boundary
thereof the Vermillion river, and authorized the President by
proclamation to designate the port of entry. This was done by
the President, and he designated Cleveland as such port of entry,
but no authoritative date of that proclamation can be found in
Cleveland, as the records of the office have been destroyed by fire ;
but on the 17th day of January, 1806, Judge John Walworth was
commissioned collector of the district. On the 15th daj- of Octo-
ber, 1814, the Township of Newburgh was organized from the ter-
ritory of this original seventh Township of the 12th Range, the
north line thereof being a prolongation of the original north line
of the seventh Township till it reached the ten acre lots ; thence
south and west on the line of the ten acre lots to the northwest
corner of 100 acre lot 278. It embraced within its limits the
residences of those then important citizens, James Kingsbur}',
Erastus Miles, and Rudolphus Edwards. Indeed, Newburgh town-
ship, for a considerable period, was the more important place, as
water power was to be found there, and a good mill had been built.
Most of you doubtless remember in former days the sneer of our
rival cities on the lake shore, who described Cleveland as the town
on the lake six miles from Newburgh. The prejudices of the emi-
grants against the soil gi-adually disappeared as its capacities
became known, and the advantages of its situation began to pre-
vail. Its being established as a port of entry, and its location as
EARLY ISETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 41
the county seat, all tended to increase the population, and on the
23rd day of December 1814, an act was passed by the (leneral
Assembly to take effect on the first Monday of June following,
"To incorporate the Village of Cleveland, in the Count}' of Cuya-
hoga." The boundaries of the village are described in the act as
so much of the City plat of Cleveland, in the Township of Cleve-
land and Count}- of Cuyahoga, as lies northwardly of Huron street
so-called, and westwardly of Erie street so-called, in said city plat
as originall}' laid out by the Connecticut Land Company, actcording
to the minutes and survey and map thereof in the office of the
recorder of said County of Cuyahoga. Agreeable to said act, on
the first Monday in June, 1815, twelve of the inhabitants of that
village met, and unanimously elected iVlfred Kelle}- as President,
Horace Perry Ptecorder, Alonzo Carter Treasurer, John A. Kelley
Marshal, George Wallace and John Riddle Assessors, Samuel
Williamson, David Long, and Nathan Perr}', Trustees.
Let us pause a moment in our narrative, to consider the situation
of afiairs at the time the General Assembly enacted the law incor-
porating the village. The war with Great Britain, which had been
declared on the 18th of June 1812, was still raging, although in
fact on the next day the commissioners of the two countries agreed
upon the terms of a treat}- of peace and the suspension of hostili-
ties, but owing to the slowness of communication, for some time
this was not known, and after the actual signing of the treaty,
naval engagements took place, and the battle of New Orleans was
fought. At the time this legislature assembled to act upon the
affairs of the State, the war was in full progress. During all the
previous Summer the great navy of our then enemy kept the sea-
board coast in constant alarm, and actually landed a force on the
Maryland shore, which ravaged the country, and captured and
burned the capitol of the nation. All along the Canadian border,
on both sides troops were stationed and occasionally fierce and
bloody attacks were made by the respective forces over the lines.
The great forests of the northwest were filled with savage Indians,
who hung upon the border like a dark cloud in the horizon, incensed
perhaps justly by the greed of advancing emigrants, and stimulated
42 ANNALS OF THE
by the money and promises of the enemy, scalping and murdering
any unwary settler, and ready to fall on any undefended settlement.
Happily, by the gallantry of Perry and his brave sailors, the naval
banner of St. George had been hauled down and surrendered on lake
Erie, and over its waters the Stars and Stripes floated triumphantly-
In looking over the acts of that General Assembly, one can
scarcely imagine the country was in a state of war. They were
proceeding to enact laws the same as if in a state of profound
peace. Among other acts passed, I find those, regulating the
course of descents and distribution of personal estates, to establish
churches and library associations, to prevent injury by dogs, to
regulate the practice of the courts, to provide for the improvement
of the rivers, and man}- others, indicating a well ordered civil
society. There is, however, an undertone discoverable from the
act to levy and collect the direct tax apportioned that year to the
State of Ohio by the General Government, and the act for the dis-
cipline of the militia. The State had been divided into brigade
and regimental divisions, and to each regiment there was author-
ized one compan}^ of cavalry, and one of ai'tillery ; and every able
bodied citizen between the ages of 18 and 45, either residing in, or
coming within the State, was obliged to enroll himself in the militia,
if not a member of a cavalry or artillery company ; and within
twelve months after such enrollment, and sooner, if notified, ^xo-
vide and egwi;? y^m^gi?/' with a good musket and bayonet, fusee or
rifle, a knapsack and blankets, and two spare flints, a pouch with a
box therein containing not less than 24 cartridges, suited to the
bore of his musket or fusee, each cartridge to contain a proper
quantity of powder and ball, or pouch and powder horn with 24
balls suited to the bore of his rifle, and a quarter of a pound of
powder. The spirit of the people is well expressed by a resolution
of the General Assembly referring to the situation, wherein they
declared : " We will suffer every hardship, submit to every privation
in support of our country's right and honor ; though we love peace
and invoke its blessings, yet we will not shrink from the dangers of
war."
Indeed, the State of Ohio was formed by no ordinary race of
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 4^
men. The constitution which the}^ adopted was made and per-
fected within the short space of 29 days, and it was the purest
and most remarkable constitution for a representative government,
which up to that time had ever been adopted. The whole leg-
islative power of the State was vested in the General Assembly ;
the Governor had no part in the legislative voice, but was merely
the executive officer ; nor was there any Lieutenant Governor to
preside over the Senate ; the judiciary also were appointed by the
General Assembl}', to hold their offices for brief terms, or so long
as they should well behave. The early emigration to Ohio repre-
sented in its composition fully and adequately the spirit of the
Union. On her fruitful soil the culled grain from New England,
the Middle States, and the South was sown, and the product was a
race of giants. If these emigrants were not versed in the learning
of universities and colleges, they had been educated at a higher
academy. The prominent elder men had been soldiers of the
revolution, and the young men had graduated in that school of
self-sacrifice, nobleness and exalted patriotism, which eminentl}^
fitted them to become the founders and builders of a State. In
looking back to that period, they seem to resemble in appearance
the great trees of the virgin forest which covered the land, and not
the smaller timber of a second growth. It may be Ohio vaunteth
herself, but not unseemly.
To resume our narration of the village histor3'^,the Council of the
village immediately organized, and continued to exercise the ordi-
nar}^ municipal control of the territor}' embraced in the corporate
limits. For several years the officers of the corporation were, as at
first, unanimously elected ; but as numbers increased, often more
than one ticket was in the field. On the 15th day of October, 1815,
upon the petition of John A. Ackley, Levi Johnson, and others,
the Council laid out and estai)lished Bank, Seneca, and Wood streets
from Superior street to the lake ; also St. Clair street, which was
extended to the river. A jog was made at Erie from Federal
street, undoubtedly from the fact that a continuation of that old
street on its original line to the river would have destro3'ed the
lots fronting on Mandrake Lane. Also Euclid street was then
44 AMNALS OF THE
established, from the Square to Huron street, the space between
that point and the old middle highway being in the Township.
That street in the early days, and for a long time afterwards, was
by no means a popular highwa}'. Stretching along at the southerly
side of the ridge, it was the receptacle of all the surface waters of
the region about it, and during much of the time was covered with
water, and for the rest of the year was too muddy for ordinary
travel. Diamond street, as it was then called, was also laid out
around the Square.
Many interesting facts in regard to the early history of the vil-
lage might be re-called from the records of the village Council. I
noticed among other things, that in 1817 the Council passed an
ordinance to reimburse 25 citizens, who had subscribed in all $198
towards the building of a school house, by giving them orders on
the treasurer, paj'able in three years. Indeed, it seems that cit}^
orders were the currency of that period, for in the previous 3-ear the
village had authorized the issue of orders on the tx-easurer, but with
a proviso limiting the amount to double the funds in the treasury,
and in the following year, to provide small change, orders were
authorized to be issued in small sums to any person depositing
with the treasurer good, sound bank bills or specie, but not to exceed
$100 to any one person. In 1829, by a vote of a majority of the
trustees, a fire-engine was purchased at the cost of $285, for which
a treasury order w^s issued in payment. This was thought to be
a piece of extravagance, and at the next election the dissenting
trustee was reelected with an entire new board of officers ; but the
usefulness of the machine vindicated the wisdom of the purchase, and
subsequently the trustee who was most active in the matter, was
made president, and reelected till, he was promoted to a higher
office. In 1832 active measures were taken to prevent the spread
of the "Indian" Cholera, as it was called, a Board of Health was
appointed, and vigorous sanitary action taken. A quarantine was
established and a hospital provided for strangers or emigi'ants
coming into the village attacked with the disease. In spite of all
their efforts, the scourge came and for sometime was quite destruc-
tive, as it was in all the lake towns. Among others who held the
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 45
office of President was Leonard Case, and Reuben Wood, afterwards
Chief Justice and Governor of the State, was both Recorder and
President.
The time when the village was incorporated, notwithstanding
the war, was one of rapid development of the State. By that same
General Assembl}' the towns of Cincinnati, Circleville, Portsmouth,
and Urbana were also incorporated. The ten j-ears immediateh^
following the war were barren of gxeat events, yet. owing to the
financial difficulties and other incidents growing out of the dis-
turbed condition of the country, there was a large emigration to
Ohio, which offered to the active and enterprising cheap land and
fruitful soil. In the decade from 1810 to 1820 the population of
the State doubled, and the number of inhabitants had increased to
over half a million. The building of the Erie Canal had moved
and stimulated the people of Ohio, and in 1820 legislation was
commenced looking towards the construction of a canal to connect
Lake f]rie and the Ohio River, and on Februar}- 24th, 1825, an
act was passed for the construction of the work. The northern
terminus was located at Cleveland, chiefl}' through the efforts of
Alfred Kelle}^, seconded by his fellow citizens ; and in that year
the great Governor of New York came to Ohio to inaugurate the
work, when the ground was first broken, DeWitt Clinton himself
handling the spade. Its construction was rapidly pushed forward,
and it was ready for navigation in the ^^ear 1827, under the honest
and able management of Alfred Kelle}', who was acting commis-
sioner during the period of its construction.
Although Cleveland had long been a port of entry, there was a
heavy bar at the mouth of the river, which greatly impeded naviga-
tion and commerce. The 18th Congress, however, at its second
session, by an act passed March 3rd, 1825, appropriated five thou-
sand dollars to the building of a pier at Cleveland. The work was
immediately commenced, subsequent appropriations were made,
a new channel for the river cut into the lake, piers built and com-
pleted in 1828, so that there was a good channel of at least ten
feet in depth. These two improvements gave the village a strong
impetus, and from that time the population has steadily increased.
46 ANNALS OF THE
On the 31st of December, 1829, the legislature passed an act
extending the village boundaries, and all the land lying on the
river from the southerly- line of Huron street down the river to a
point 12 rods westerly of the junction of Vine3ard Lane with the
road leading from the village to Brookl^-n, thence west parallel with
said road to the river, and down the river to the old village line,
was annexed ; and on the 18th of February 1834, another act was
passed, again extending the village boundaries, which added all the
two acre lots east of Erie street, the tier south of Ohio street, and
a parcel at the southwest corner of the original plat, which was
not originally surveyed or laid off. I notice that thts last piece of
land, called Case's Point, was excepted from the operation of the
act until the first day of January- following. And on the fifth daj-
of March 1836, an act to incorporate the Cit}^ of Cleveland was
passed, which changed the village to a city.
The following is a description of the territory, which was there-
by declared to be a cit}', and " the inhabitants thereof created a
body corporate and politic by the name and stj'le of the City of
Cleveland."
" Beginning at low water mark on the shore of Lake Erie at the
most northeastwardly corner of Cleveland, ten acre lot number
one hundred and thirtj'-nine, and running thence on the dividing
line between lots number one hundred and thirtj'-nine and one
hundred and forty, numbers one hundred and seven and one hun-
dred and eight, numbers eighty and eight3--one, numbers fifty-five
and fiftj'-six, numbers thirtj'-one and thirt3^-two. and numbers six
and seven of the ten acre lots to the south line of the ten acre lots,
thence on the south line of the ten acre lots to the Cuj'ahoga
River ; thence down the same to the extreme point of the west
pier of the harbor, thence to the township line between Brookl3-n
and Cleveland, thence on that line northwardl3' to the county line,
thence eastwardl3' with said line to a point due north of the place
of beginning ; thence south to the place of beginning."
The eastern boundar3' of the city fell on a line which would now
be described as a line through Perr3' street north to the lake, and
south to the southerly line of the ten-acre lots. In the meantime
RARLY SETTLERS'' ASSOCIATION. 47
the Village Council in 1820 laid out Seneca south of Superior and
Michigan to intersect it, and the next year Michigan was extended
to Vineyard Lane. In 1827 Champlain st. was laid out, and in 1828
Prospect street east of Ontario. Michigan street now soon became
the fashionable street. Following the laying out of these new
streets came the allotments of the original two-acre lots. On
January 12th, 1833, Alfred Kelley made an allotment of lots
191_2-3, which lay immediately south of Bath street and west of
Water. In the month of December of the same year, Richard
Hilliard, Edmund Clark, and James S. Clark made the center
allotment, which embraced all the land in the first bend of the
river. In April 1834, Leonard Case allotted the ten-acre lot at the
southeast corner of the old plat, and widened the Newburgh road,
as it was called, now Broadway, from its width as a State road of
€6 feet to 99 feet, to correspond with Ontario street as originally
laid out. In the same year, John M. Woolsey allotted all the two-
acre lots south of Superior and west of Erie. In November 1835,
Lee Canfield, Sheldon Pease, and others allotted the two-acre lots
at the northeast corner of the city plat, and also the adjoining ten-
acre lots by their plat they laid out and dedicated Clinton Park.
Between this park and the lake they built for that day fine houses
with a double front, facing the lake to the north and the park to
the south, expecting, no doubt, the fashionable population would
choose that section to build their palatial mansions. In January
1836, Ashbel W. Walworth and Thomas Kelley allotted the two-
acre lots south of Ohio street, and also a large tract of land l3'ing
adjoining and reaching to the river, which was a part of the old
unsurvej^ed parcel, but generally known as hundred-acre lot 487.
But in this growth and expansion the new city was not without an
active and determined rival. In 1833, some enterprising residents
of Brooklyn, associating with a number of Buffalo capitalists,
purchased a tract of about eighty acres, bounded south by Detroit
street, west by the river, and north by the township line, and laid
the same out into lots, blocks and streets, and it was known by
the name of " The Buffalo Company Purchase." In 1835, Mr.
€harles Taylor, owning a farm immediately west of this allotment.
4g ANNALS OF THE
laid the same out into lots and streets, which is still known as the
Taylor farm allotment. His son, a well known and honored citizen
still resides on one of the lots bearing as his Christian name
DeWitt Clinton. In 1836, Richard Lord and Josiah Barber
allotted the land immediately south of these two plats. Not to be
outdone in the matter of city organization, these residents in that
part of Brooklyn township also procured the passage of an act
incorporating themselves into a city, including these allotments,
and some other outlying lands in the township of Brookl3'n, and
gave to their new city the high sounding name, " The City of
Ohio." There is some rather interesting histor}' connected with
the organization of that cit}'. The Cleveland bill was pending at
the same time, and one of its provisions directed the village
council to call an election for the officers of the new corporation
some time in the month of April following, which was the usual
month for holding the Spring elections. The bill for the City of
Ohio authorized and directed the election of its officers to be held
on the last Monday of March, and their bill was passed and took
effect on the third day of March, just two days before the passage
of the Cleveland act, and their election was held on said last
Monda}' of March. In some manner, " they gained the pole," and
won b}' a head the heat in this municipal race, and became a full
fledged city, while Cleveland j'et remained a village. In April
1837, James S. Clarke, in company with others, allotted nearlj' all
that part of that City of Ohio lying south and west of the Barber
& Sons allotment, and called their plat " Willeyville." When this
gentleman and his other associates had made the allotment of
Cleveland center, as it was called, they had laid out Columbus
street from the north line to the river. In this new plat, over the
river, Columbus street was laid out through its center to connect
with the Wooster and Medina Turnpike, as it was called, at the
south line of the City of Ohio ; the northern end of said street
being exactly opposite the southern end of the Columbus street of
the other plat. This Mr. Clarke also erected a large block at the
northern end of Columbus street, and two large blocks on the
opposite corners of Prospect street, where it intersects Ontario.
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 49
The proprieters of the Buffalo Company, not to be outdone, had
built a large hotel on Main street in their allotment, to attract the
fashionable travel arriving b}' the lake. Mr. Clarke on laying out
the Willeyville tract, expended a large amount of mone}' in
grading the hill, which brought Columbus street down to the river,
and had a bridge built over the river connecting his street, in the
expectation that the traffic and travel from the south would reach
Cleveland b}' this route, and be brought up Michigan street on
account of its eas}' grade. The building of this bridge was too
much for the excited inhabitants of the City of Ohio. Under some
fancied claim that the bridge was not legally located, soon after its
construction, in 1837, they turned out in large numbers for the
purpose^fof tearing down and destro3'ing the bridge. The inhabitants
of Cleveland rallied to the rescue under their valiant marshal, and
for a short time a bloody riot was imminent, but better counsels
prevailed ; a decree from the Court enjoining any interference with
the bridge was obtained, and onl}- a few bloody noses were the
results of this threatened war. Alas, for human expectation of
wealth based on the inflation of paper currency, for that was a
period of great expansion of the paper currency of the country.
When the crash happened, which is always in such cases sure to
come, Clarke became insolvent, and all his lots and blocks were
sold b}- the Sheriff. In like manner, many of the proprietors of
the Buffalo Company' became bankrupt, their grand hotel remained
tenantless, and when I visited it officiall}' in 1850, its walls were
badl}' cracked, and it was occupied as a cheap tenement house, the
only remains of its former grandeur was its magnificent stairscase,
and the onl}* souvenir remaining in memorj- that I was able to
discover was, that one Daniel Parish, Esq., at that time no undis-
tinguished member of the Cleveland bar, on a return from a
wedding journey after one of his many marriages, had led thither
as the abode of fashion, his beautiful, if not blushing bride. The
same sad fate happened to the grand houses opposite Clinton
Park. One was drawn off on to another street, one torn down,
and I think the remnants of one still remain in a changed condition
as the sole survivor of those great expectations.
4
50 ANNALS OF IHE
As provided in the act of incorporation, tlie village council
ordered an election for officers, to be held on the 15th day of April,
1 836, and after a spirited canvass, the following ticket was elected :
John W. Willey, mayor ; Richard Hilliard, Nicholas Dockstader,
and Joshua Mills, aldermen ; Morris Hepburn, John R. St. John^
Wm. V. Craw. Sherlock J. Andrews, Henry L. Noble, Edward
Baldwin, Aaron Stickland, Horace Canfield, and Archibald M. T.
Smith, councilmen. 580 votes were cast at the election, and the
successful candidate for mayor had quite a majority over his dis-
tinguished opponent Leonard Case. This vote indicates the city's
population to have been between three and four thousand. When
the council organized, Sherlock J. Andrews was elected its presid-
ing officer. Mr. Henry B. Payne was chosen city attorney, and also
elected clerk of the council ; but the duties of that office were per-
formed by another person, whose beautiful handwriting appears on the
first journal of the city, which is signed officially by Mr. Paj-ne, who
turned over his salary to. the skillful penman performing the labor.
The act b}- which the city was incorporated is a most excellently
drafted instrument. It shows on the part of its author a clear
understanding of municipal rights and duties. The language is
clear and precise, and throughout its whole length it bears the
impress of an educated, experienced legal mind. It was undoubt-
edly the work of the first mayor, and I may add, for the purpose
of furnishing the basis of wise cit}- legislatioH, for clearness, pre-
cision, and certaint}', it will not suffer b3' comparison with any of
the municipal codes enacted since the adoption of the present con-
stitution. Among other provisions of this instrument, the cit}'
was authorized to levy one mill on the dollar in addition to the
general tax for the support of common schools ; and it also pro-
vided for the creation of " K Board of Managers of Common
Schools in the City of Cleveland." From this has grown our pres-
ent public school system.
Notwithstanding the facilities they possessed for lake and canal
navigation, the citizens of the city became early interested in rail-
road enterprises. On the third of March 1834, the legislature
passed an act, whereby Aaron Barker, David H. Beardsley, Truman
EARLY SEITLERS' ASSO CIA TJON. 5 \
P. Handy, John W. Allen, Horace Peny, Lyman Kendall, and
James S. Clarke, together with those who should become stockhol-
ders, were created a body corporate by " the name and style of the
Cleveland and Newburgh Railroad Company," and authorized to
construct a railroad from some point in lot number 413 in New-
burgh township, to the harbor in Cleveland, and were authorized
also to transport freight and passengers on this road "b}' the
power and force of steam, animals, or other mechanical force, or
by a combination of them." The eastern terminus named was near
a stone quarry- on said lot, which was near the corner of the four
townships, Newburg, Warrensville, Cleveland, and Euclid. A depot
was built there, and the neighboring farm lands were laid into lots.
The capital stock authorized was $50,000, which was subscribed
and the road built, Ahaz Merchant being engineer in chief, the
track being laid through Euclid street and across the Doan brook
up to the quarry. The rails were made of wood, the motive force
being "animals " two- horse power, tandem at that. It was laid out
along the south to the west side of the square, and the depot was
a part of the old barn of the then Cleveland Hotel, where the
Forest City House now is. This road did not exactly reach the
harbor, for in that remote stone age the square was the chief dump-
ing ground for the freight from the quarry. It was operated for a
few years, and then abandoned, and the rotting debris for a long
time remained a nuisance in the highwa3^
At the same session, however, in which the city was incorporated,
acts were passed to incorporate the Ohio Railroad Company, lead-
ing from the east line of the State through the lake counties to the
Maumee river, and thence to the State line. The Cleveland &
Pittsburgh Railroad Compan}', leading from Cleveland to the State
line, or some point on the river in the direction of Pittsburgh ;
The Cleveland, Columbus, & Cincinnati Railroad Company, lead-
ing from Cleveland through Columbus and Wilmington to Cin-
cinnati ; The Cleveland and WaiTen Railroad Company', leading
from Cleveland to Warren, and the Cleveland & Erie Railroad
Company, to lead from Cleveland to Ravenna and Portage county.
The chief offices of all these companies was this city, except that
^2 ANNALS OF THE
of the Ohio Railroad Compan}-, which was located in the Cit}' of
Ohio. A large amount of subscription was obtained to the stock
of this company ; it also obtained, under the act of 1837, which
authorized the State to loan its credit to railroads, a large
advance in money from the State. By the 17th section of its
charter, its treasurer was authorized to issue orders, and under this
power, it issued a ver}- large amount of orders in the similitude of
bank bills. By these means, a large amount of work was done
towards the grading and superstructure. But the collapse which
followed that period of inflation carried with it this enterprise, and
in 1845 the legislature passed an act, authorizing the Board of
Public Works to sell out the whole concern, from which little, if
anything, was realized, and the whole thing proved an utter failure-
Nothing was then done under the other charters. Some few persons
still keep, as a souvenir of that period, the bills of the Ohio Rail-
road Company, on whose face is beautifully engraved a railroad
train at full speed, and in contrast below it the graceful form of a
flying deer.
The condition of the lake shore, from the action of the waters
of the lake and the springs in the bank, was always a matter of
interest, and sometimes of alarm, to the inhabitants of the city,
and in 1837 an act was passed, incorporating the Lake Shore
Company, authorizing them to protect the lake bank from caving
and sliding, and as a means of remuneration, to build wharves and
piers along the shore, and the cit}', in its corporate character, was
authorized to become a member of that corporation. I cannot
learn that anything was done under this authority ; but afterwards
the cit}' employed Col. Charles Whittlesey, at a large expense, to
pile certain portions of the lake front, and afterwards, when rail-
roads were built, for their own protection, they continued this
system of piling, b}' which the banks have been protected from
caving and sliding. The City of Ohio, not to be outdone, in the
same year this Lake Shore Company M^as incorporated, procured
an amendment to its charter, by which it was authorized to cut,
dig, and excavate canals, slips, and basins, and pay for the cost of
the same by assessment upon the abutting property. By this
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 53
same act, a large parcel of territory in the southwest part of that
city was carried back into the township of Brooklyn. That city
proceeded under the act to construct a canal leading out of the
old river bed, and paid for the same b}' this seductive but ruinous
method of taxation, to defray the cost of public improvements.
The scheme was a failure, but the dry bed of the canal has since
been utilized for the laying of railroad tracks. From want of means,
being unable to enter upon the construction of railroads, the citi-
zens of Cleveland contented themselves with procuring charters
for the construction of plankroads leading out on all the principal
highways from the city.
The State of Ohio recovered rapidl}" from the commercial
depression of 1837 and years following, and in 1845 enacted
a new and wise banking system, four new banks under it being
established in Cleveland. The city of Cleveland, however, suf-
fered less b}' the panic of that time than the other cities upon
the lake shore, and by the census of 1840, it had a population
of C071, the city of Ohio being only 1577. In spite of the
continued financial difficult}', the cit}- continued to advance, al-
though its finances were in a somewhat disordered state. The bad
practice of issuing orders on the treasur}-, pa^-able on demand
although the treasury was empt}', inherited from the village, still
prevailed. These orders passed as currency, though at a ruinous
discount, and in 1847 had increased to a large volume. At that
period, Mr. Henry B. Payne freely gave much of his valuable time
to the city affairs, and through his strenuous efl^orts this debt was
funded, and from that time the city has promptly' met ever}- obli-
gation at its maturit}-, and no city has since had a better financial
credit. In 1847 also, the township of East Cleveland was organ-
ized, which took into its jurisdiction all of the 100 acre lots of the
original surveyed township No. 7 north of the Newburgh line, and
on the 22nd day of Mai'ch 1850 an act of the legislature w-as
passed annexing the remaining part of said township to the city
of Cleveland, which embraced all of the ten acre lots, and all the
unsurveyed strip lying along the bank of the river north and south
of the mouth of the Kingsbury Run. During this decade, the
54
ANNALS OF THE
citizens of the city became again awakened to the importance of
railroad communication. Steps were taken to rcAive and amend
the old charters, and on the 24th of February 1846, an act was
passed, authorizing the city of Cleveland, by commissioners named
therein, to subscribe $200,000 to the capital stock of the Cleveland,
Columbus & Cincinnati Railroad Company, and to issue its bonds
in payment of these subscriptions, and on February 16, 1849, in
like manner to subscribe $100,000 to the capital stock of the Cleve-
land & Pittsburg Railroad Company, and to issue the bonds of the
city in payment thereof, and in February 1851, the sum of $200,000
to the Cleveland, Painesville & Ashtabula Railroad Company.
The City of Ohio was also authorized to subscribe $100,000 to the
Junction Railroad Company, leading from that city to Toledo.
These two latter companies have been consolidated, and form a part
of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad Company. It
was the efficient aid thus furnished by the cit3''s credit, which
enabled the promoters of these enterprises to construct and com-
plete the roads at that time, and in so short a manner after the
work was entered upon.
In that ten years the city had increased nearly three-fold, for the
census enumeration of 1850 showed its population to be 17,034.
The census taker of that 3'ear, not being able readil}' to discover
by observation the boundaries of the City of Ohio (from the fact
that the streets of the city had been dedicated and opened by
separate tracts), took the count for the township of Brooklj-n as
one municipal bod}', and the number of the inhabitants for the
whole township was 6,071. There was a blunder, however, made by
the census taker, for he was then ignorant of the fact that a small
spit of land lying immediately west of the west pier, as it existed
in 1835, and north of the line of Brookljm township, was within
the legal limits of the city of Cleveland. There were a few
shanties on this bit of sand, and the}' were counted as inhabitants
of the township of Brooklyn. I have personal knowledge of this
mistake, for I committed it myself. This increase of the city
made a supplj' of artificial light and water a public necessity.
On the 6th day of February, 1846, the Cleveland Gas Light and
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIA T/'>K. 55
Coke Compan}- had been incorporated, but nothing was done till
1848, when Moses G. Younglove became interested therein, and
through his energetic efforts, the building of their works and the
laying of pipes commenced, and the city was soon supplied with gas.
The citj', following the wise policy, recommended and approved by
the best political economists, of preventing competition, under the
false cry of opposition to monopoly, b}- controlling the price of gas
when granting its privileges to the compan}-, has been able to have
furnished to its citizens light cheaper than that of any other city
in the countr}', except Pittsburgh, which is in the center of the gas
coal region.
In June, 1833, an act was passed by the General Assemby
incorporating Philo Scovill and his associates as the Cleveland
Water Company', granting them the pi'ivilege of furnishing the
inhabitants of the village of Cleveland with water. Nothing was
done under this act. March 19, 1850, this act was amended,
extending their privileges so as to include the inhabitants of the
city as their customers. The company was organized, some stock
subscribed, but nothing farther was done. But in the Ma^'oralty
of William Case, under his able and energetic lead, the cit}'
corporation entered upon the matter. There was much preliminary
discussion, man}' surveys and estimates made, and in 185-1 a plan
was adopted. To carry out this plan on the first day of Ma}- 1854
the passage of ari act of the Legislature was procured, enabling the
city to locate ' its reservoir and make its connections with the lake
within the limits of the Cit}' of Ohio, and authorizing the city to
make a loan of $100,000 to carr}' out the project. The loan was
conditioned upon a vote of popular approval, which was given.
Backed by the credit of such sterling men as Richard Hilliard and
W. A. Otis, the cit}' readil}' negotiated the loan, and the work was
entered upon, and bj- the year 1846, the city of Cleveland took
pride in furnishing the great numbers, who attended the State Fair
held within its limits that year, with water from Lake Erie.
Pursuant to the constitution of 1851, the first Legislature follow-
ing its adoption passed a general law for the organization and gov-
ernment of all the municipalities within the State, and repealed all
56 ANNALS OF THE
the old charters. The only substantial change in the Cleveland
organization was the abolition of the Board of Aldermen, and the
establishment of a separate police court, the duties thereof having
previousl_y been performed b}' the Ma3or. The building of the
water works, and the evident mutuality of interests, had sub-
stantially obliterated all the ancient rivalr}^, and in 1854, in accord-
ance with the general law then in force, which provided for the
union of adjoining cities and the annexation of territory, the two
cities passed the necessary ordinances for union, which were
approved as required, by the popular vote of each municipality,
the total vote being 3,160, indicating a population of about 25,000.
The terms of annexation being agreed upon and signed June 5,
1854, by H. V. Wilson and F. T. Backus on the part of Cleveland,
and by William B. Castle and Chas. L. Rhodes on the part of the
City of Ohio, on the same day, the latter cit}^ passed the required
ordinance, and on the next day the city of Cleveland passed its
ordinance for that purpose, and thus, on June 6, 1 854, the City of
Ohio became an integral and important part of the city of Cleve-
land. The public debt of the City of Ohio was assumed by the
city of Cleveland, except its liability for bonds issued to pay its
subscription to the Junction Railroad Company, which were after-
wards paid by the sale of the stock. Another of the provisions of
the agreement of annexation gave to the city of Cleveland as it
existed before the Union, any surplus it might realize by reason of
its subscription to the stock of the Several railroads before men-
tioned, which siirplus was to be expended under the direction of
the trustees representing that district in the new corporation, for a
public park or other public use. It is well known, that the city
realized a large surplus from its stocks after the payment of its
obligations -given therefor, perhaps the only case of the kind in
the whole country. In addition to this fund, the city also realized
a considerable amount of stock from the sale of its lands north of
Bath street on the lake shore to these several roads, to which it
had given its credit. March 28, 1862, an act was passed by the
Legislature creating a Board of fund commissioners to take charge
of this fund. Nothing more need be said of the management
EABLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 57
thereof, than that from this fund over a million and seven hundred
thousand dollars has been paid to discharge the debt of the city,
and over a million still remains in the hands of the commissioners.
It is one of the pleasant recollections of the person, who addresses
you, that in his official capacity representing this communit}-, he
inserted in his own hand-writing in the original bill as it was
passed by the House of Representatives of the General Assembl}^
which was concurred in by the Senate, and became a law, the
honored names of Henry B. f^ayne, Franklin T. Backus, William
Case, Moses Kelly, and William Bingham, who thereby were made
the commissioners of said fund. The new city increased rapidl}",
and at the census of 18G0 the enumeration showed a population of
43,838. Under the provisions of the general law, various annexa-
tions have since been made at different times. By virtue of an
ordinance passed February" 16, 1864, a portion of Brooklyn town-
ship lying northerly of Walworth Run was brought into the cor-
poration, and on Februar}' 27, 1867, another portion of Brookl^^n
township and a part of Newburgh township was annexed. These
annexations extended the line of the cit}' westerl}' of the old limits of
the City of Ohio on the lake shore, and included large quantity a of
land south of the original City of Ohio, and a part of the 100. acre
lots on the north part of Newburgh township, and on December 14,
1869, original lot 333, then being a part of Newburgh township, was
annexed. These annexations added a large area to the territory of
the city, but its numbers were not much increased thereby. The
stimulus, however, given to manufacturing and other industries
during this decade, largely increased the growth of the city, and
the census of 1870 showed a population of 92,829. The advan-
tages of the school system, the need of protection from fire, police
supervision, water, gas and sewage facilities, induced the inhabit-
ants immediately outlying the cit}' limits to knock for admission,
and in 1872 steps were taken to annex the village of East Cleve-
land, and on the 14th of October the proceedings were completed
for that purpose ; and by an ordinance of November 19, 1872, still
further annexations were made from the townships of Brooklj^n,
Newburgh, and East Cleveland, and on the 16th of September
58 ANNALS OF THE
1873, a large part of the remaining portion of Newburgli township
was annexed, extending the city line be3'ond the crossing of the
old Newburgh road by the Cleveland & Pittsburgh Road.
Since that time no further annexations have been made, and the
census of 1880 showed a population of 159,404. The rate of
increase for the last decade was over seven per cent., and the same
ratio for the last four 3'ears would carry the number beyond
200,000. There are many other matters connected with the
corporate growth, which time would fail me to mention. The
organization of churches and charitable associations, the schools
and library associations, the banking institutions, the fire and
police and sewage system, and many other matters would each
easily form a subject for a separate paper. In these stages which
I have recounted of the cit3''s growth, three figures stand forth
prominently as actors, the first president of the village, the first
mayor of the cit3', and the third, a worthy compeer of these two,
man}' times the village president, and the oldest surviving maj'or,
John W. Allen. Born in Coimecticut the same 3'ear Ohio became
a state, trained to the law, he came here the same year the work
on the Ohio canal begun. Early and ardentl}' devoted to the
welfare of the place which he had chosen for his home, he was
repeatedl}' elected the presiding officer of the village, sent to the
Legislature, was a Senator when the act of incorporation was
passed, promoted from thence to Congress, and returning at the end
of his four 3'ears term of service, and as a sense of the approbation of
his constituents he was b\' them elected mayor of the city. To all
public enterprises, and specially to the organization of the railroad
companies, whose original charters had been granted when he was
a member of the Legislature, he gave his time and money with
generous heart and liberal hand. He still remains among us,
carrying his more than eight}- years, and the younger generation
who observe his erect form, his active step and courtly manner,
may, as has been said, " form some estimate of the race of whom
he was not the foremost." The first president of the village, also
born in Connecticut, at an earlier period, trained to the law,
a rriving at the village the same year that the county was organized
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 59
then in the first jxar of his manhood, appointed the first prosecuting
attorney of the count}-, soon sent to the Legislature, a member
thereof when the Act incorporating the village was passed, chosen
its first president, was alwaj-s devoted to the city's intei'ests.
Chiefl}' b}' his influence, Cleveland was selected as the northern
terminus of the Ohio canal, he was the acting commissioner during its
construction, negotiating the State's loan to pay for its cost, which
by his able and honest administration was brought within the
original estimate. Public considerations induced his removal to
the Capital of the State, but he never forgot the corporation of his
own creation. Distinguished as a financier, a legislator, author of
the Ohio State Banking System, from which the National Bank
System is in great part copied, growing with the growth of the
State, and when canals had given way to railroads, becoming the
active promoter of these interprises, and especially of the roads
leading out of this city, he stands out as one of the great men of
Ohio's first half centurj'.
The first mayor, born in New Hampshire, graduate of an ancient
college, trained in the law, came here also in village times. Pos-
sessing a finer genius, if not the great executive power of the first
president of the village, as lawyer, legislator, and judge, he also
gave his time, talents and learning to the city, ardently
encouraging and aiding every enterprise for the promotion of its
welfare. The impress of his genius is indelibl}' marked upon the
earl}- life of the cit}-. I trust the time may arrive, when the city
government shall no longer find its habitation in hired tenements,
with its archives in unsafe chambers, but on some suitable site
shall build a hall worthy of itself, before its facade in some
appropriate spot, where shall be placed in bronze or marble a statue
exhibiting to all beholders the stern but noble form of Alfred
Kelle}', and a correct image of that accomplished gentleman,
John Wheelock Wille}'. I should do injustice to m}' own feelings,
and be untrue to history, if I omitted also the mention of him upon
whom their mantle fell. Born within the limits of the original
survej-ed plat of the city, presumptive heir to great wealth, he was
not content to spend his time and money for purposes of selfish
gQ ANNALS OF THE
gratification. Uniting in himself the executive ability of Kelley,
and the fine genius of Willey, he ardently devoted his energies to
the city of his birth. Serving as councilman, alderman, president
of the council, and mayor, he faithfully executed these public
trusts, and freely gave his time and means to the promotion of all
that tended to increase the prosperity of the city, but when still
rising in public esteem, and being marked as a man who could
serve the State and Nation as well as the City, struck down in
early manhood by the fell destroyer, William Case. The loving
memory of a brother, by his noble public gifts, has entwined the
name of Case, so worthily borne by father and sons, with the
city's growth, to continue as long as literature shall charm and be a
solace of the heart, and science enlarge and strengthen the intellect
of man.
In this sketch of the corporate life of the city, one thing abave
all is evident, that its growth has been largely due to the noble
public spirit of its citizens, and therefore the moral of my theme
is easy of apprehension. Mere numbers, or extent of boundaries
does not constitute the continuing city, or any semblance of the
civitas Dei of the saints and sages. The ideal city, besides ad-
vantage and beauty of location, must be nobly and wisely governed ;
the municipal duties must be accepted and performed as public
trusts, and not for private and political gain ; its streets must be
well paved and lighted ; it must be furnished with abundant water,
and well provided with means for the disposal of its sewage ; it
must have eflScient and capable police and sanitary supervision,
and property and life must be secure against violence and accidents
of fiood and fire ; there must be easy and convenient methods of
rapid transit ; there must be a wise adjustment of the municipal
burdens, and opportunities oflfered for the employment of labor,
and the ordinary pursuits of trade and commerce ; and there must
be furnished all the best means for intellectual, moral and esthetic
culture. When to these things are added inventions to abate the
smoke nuisance, and deaden the noise of solid pavements, the city
will undoubtedly furnish the greatest opportunity for human
felicit}' on the face of the globe.
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 61
But this beautiful picture hath its dark side. There is ever to
be found inhabiting the city a criminal class, and " the poor 3'e
always have with 3'ou." The growing tree absorbs from the earth
at the same time its sweetness of fruit, and bitterness of bark, so
this corporate growth takes in alike the good and bad. Its forces
a,ttract not onl}- the intelligent, active and virtuous, but the
ignorant, irresolute and vicious, and these once caught in the
whirl of the city's eddy, never escape. Whenever the soil of the
earth is broken, noxious weeds grow with more vigor than cul-
tivated grains and grasses, so the vices arising from ignorance,
intemperance and lust, breed with great rapidit}- from this human
contiguity. When all moral, charitable, and intellectual means
have been exercised to instruct and reclaim the vicious, a large
residuum will still be left. These means can never be wholly
efficient; the eartlil}- millennium is only a dream of fancj", and
whether evil can be wholly eradicated from organized society is an
unsolvable problem. After all individual and organized methods
of instruction and charit}' are exhausted, there is still room for the
exercise of municipal power. The wisest method in these matters
is rigid restrictive regulation. I am aware there is a mawkish
sentiment quite prevalent, which protests against this kind of
legislation, as giving legalit}' to sin and iniquity, and as interfering
with the divine order of punishment ; but the true city will not
heed such protest, or yield to a logic, whose major premise is the
assertion that God is the author of loathsome contagious disease_
If our recent city administrations have been smitten with the
degenerac}' of modern politics, there is hope for the future, as the
great body of the citizens still desire good municipal government,
and the noble public gifts within the present decade by such men
as Stone, Hurlbut, Woods, and others, demonstrate that the public
spirit of the present da}' is not inferior to the past. Let other
cities boast of their temples, their triumphal arches, and columns,
"their towers, their docks, their halls, and great public buildings for
exchange and commerce, yet " as one star differeth from another
star in glorj-," may the monuments of Cleveland continue to be the
noble endowments of her citizens for the promotion of literature,
62
ANNALS OF THE
art and science, and for the alleviation of pain and suffering. It is
impossible in a sketch like this to mention the man}' good and true
men who have given their services to the city's government; much less
to the great body of its citizens. In great events but few prominent
actors can be named. In wars only the great commanders are
mentioned, but the common soldiers who have equal courage, who
fight the battle and win the victory, from very number have no
blazoned chronicle, nor their names written in any history. So in
a city's life, the unnumbered multitude are born, marr}- and are
given in marriage, pursue tlie ordinar}^ avocations of life, and die
mourned by friends, and only remembered as the great aggregate
composing the cit3''s life. In their sphere, however, the}' exercise
and perform all the duties and obligations the same as others, and
equally contribute to all that upholds society. From this number
I select only one name for mention. Born of a revolutionar}- sire,
who was here when General Cleaveland and his part}' arrived on
the 22nd day of July, 1796, and became one of the first associate
judges of the county. His son came with him, bearing his father's
name, and succeeding to his business ; never seeking public promo-
tion, devoted to his occupation, fulfilling every obligation, always
enlarging his business to meet the advancing tide of population,
retiring only when compelled by age and bodily infirmities, his
active career continued through the period of the village and far
down into the city life, and he died in good old age, leaving a
colossal fortune to his issue and his grandchildren. May we not
reasonably indulge the hope that some one of his descendants,
possessing as well the maternal as paternal ability, starting on the
highest plane of commercial pursuits, increasing his ancestral
inheritance manifold, will not be content to leave the name of
that ancestor to be borne by some narrow street or alley, but by
some noble public benefaction, forever connect with the memory
of the City's first half century's life, the commercial ability, worth
and integrity of Cleveland's first great merchant : Nathan Perry ?
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIA TION.
63
The exercises that followed the annual address consisted of
brief speeches on call, interspersed with old-time songs, some of
which were sung as solos by Mrs. Lohmann, and the others by the
Home Amateurs. The songs were rendered in excellent taste and
with admirable effect. Mrs. Lohmann was repeatedly encored.
A FEW WORDS ABOUT THE PAST.
by hon. john a. foote.
Mr. President : —
I came fifty years ago to this cit}'. I spent considerable time up-
on the Lake shore during that season, and was specially impressed
by the rapidit}- with which Cleveland was then losing her lands
in the Lake. It seemed to me that it was only a question of
time when all the present great business part of Cleveland must
go, unless this process should be stopped. Sometimes the fall
would be very gradual. At other times it would be sudden, and
then it would push up a long winrow of mud a considerable
distance out in the lake. This pi'ocess continued until Col.
Whittlese}^ was employed by the cit}" authorities to protect the
banks between Seneca and Ontario streets. This he did b^^ driving
two parallel rows of piles at the foot of the Lake bank and filling
the space between with brush and stones, and perhaps taking up
the springs in the banks. This proved to be a perfect success, and
hereby came the protection of our whole Lake shore b}- the Rail
Roads, when they came here. Mr. Chas. Whittlese}^, I think, is
entitled to great credit for his agency in this matter — indeed, even
more than has been awarded him b}" our protected citj-.
But I found a man here, that I was even more interested in than
in any of the surroundings of the place. That man was the late
■ Sherlock G. Andrews — a man standing at the head of the legal
profession, and equally high in the estimation of the community.
When quite a young man he had come to the town where I then
lived to attend an academy, he must have staid there some two or
three years and boarded at the house next to ours. Here it seemed
64
ANNALS OF THE
to me that he was so full of fun that he would spend his life in
indulging that trait. A fellow boarder b}' the name of Bush, as
Mr. Andrews told me, was reading a book and marking his progress
by a book-mark in the book. This mark Andrews would occasion-
allj' turn back, Bush not discovering it, read on by the mark.
When he had finished it, Andrews asked Bush, how he liked the
book. Bush replied, very well, but that there was a good deal of
sameness in it. This love of fun, this humor stood by him to the last.
One of the last times I listened to an argument from him, he was
defending Physicians in a suit for malpractice. He showed Kow
powerless human remedies and skill were in the presence of a fatal
disease. But he sa3's, how do the schools of Ph^-sicians testif}' about
this? The Allopathist says, of course he died ; he was treated by an
Homoeopathist ; no remedies were administered. The Homaopathist
says of the regular treatment, of course he died, he -s^'as drugged to
<leath. But Dr. Seel3'e, a Hydropathist, says, of course he died ;
he should have been treated as we make candles ; a wick should
have been run through him and we should dip him. In another suit
Mr. Andrews was arguing the case of a clergyman, who had brought
suit for slander, because he had been called a thief The counsel
opposed had charged that the suit was brought for monej^ that
the clergyman preached for money and that there was not much in
religion any wa}^ As near as I now recollect, in reply Mr.
Andrews told the jury, that whether the man was correct who
could see no evidence of a designer in the Universe ; or that
man '-'to whom the heavens declared the glory of God and the
firmament showed his handywork," it was not for them to
decide. But presenting in a masterly manner the evidence of a
God from design, he added, " If chance can do all this, I fear that
she may some day erect her judgment seat and bring you and me
before her and decide our destinies for eternity." But even in this
case he could not get through without his mirth. A witness had
testified against the minister. On cross examination, the witness
said, that he was a materialist. In commenting on this testimony
Mr. Andrews said, he understood that theory to be, that the soul
was a kind of gizzard stuck in near the back bone. A handsome
I:a RL Y SETTLERS' A SSOCIA TIOiV. g5 _
sum was obtained by the minister both in the Common Pleas and
Supreme Court. After Mr. Andrews left the aeadem}-, we met
again at college, and in this cit}- we were partners from the time I
came here to reside until he went on to the bench some fifteen
years. I ought to protract these reminiscences, but my time will
not permit. I trust this brief allusion to our former vice-president
has not been without interest.
REMARKS
by hon. r. p. spalding.
Mr. President : —
In the Spring of the year eighteen hundred and twenty-three
(1823), and just after I had commenced "house-keeping" in
Warren, the Seat of Justice of Trumbull count}", I visited the Hon.
George Tod, President Judge of the Common Pleas, at his resid-
ence on " Brier Hill " in the vicinity of Youngstown. He lived in
a log house, upon a tract of land of one hundred and sixt}' acres,
which he had contracted to purchase of Gen. Simon Perk ns. at
three dollars an acre, but which he was unable to pa}- for, as he
had a wife and six children to support, while his salary was no
more than eleven hundred dollars. But there was no limi: to the
hospitality of the family.
I spent the night at the house, as I frequently did. In the
course of the evening, the Judge and his daughters (one of whom
was afterwards Mrs. Grace T. Perkins, mother of the lady who has
just now entertained us so highly), sang several songs for my
amusement, and, at last, the Judge said to me, with somewhat of
a boastful air : " Mr. Spalding, all my children are Angers ; they
can all sing well. Where is David ? Do some of you call David."
Very soon a young man, some fifteen or sixteen years of age,
dressed in a suit of home-spun, with a broad-brimmed felt hat on
his head, entered the room, and, bowing respectfully to the Judge,
asked him -^hat he wished him to do. " My son," said he, " I have
been singing, and your sisters have been singing for Mr. Spalding,
5
j66
ANNALS OF THE
and I ImA^e told him that all 1113' children are singers ; now I want
you to show him how well yon can sing."
The young man, without moving a muscle of his face by way of
evincing emotion, immediately struck up the old tune of Mear
with the words :
" Old Grime.? is dead,
That good old soul,
We ne'er shall see hiin more,
He used to wear
His long-taileiJ coat
All buttoned up before."
Again he bowed, and left the room, when his father said to me
with much apparent feeling, " Mr. Spalding, there is more in that
bo_y than comes to the surface. Oh, if it could onl}^ be developed."
Said I, " Whj" do yon not, then, send him to school, and thus
give him a chance for development ?" The reply was, " I am so
poor, I cannot afford to do it."
" Send him up to Warren," I said to the Judge, " and so long as
I have an3'thing to eat, he shall share it with me."
The offer was accepted, with a stipulation by Judge Tod that he
should feel at liberty to send me occasionall}' from the products of
his farm such articles, as would be useful to m}' family.
In this manner David Tod left his father's log-cabin at Brier
Hill, and entered upon a course of study that, within ten 3'ears,
enabled him to pay up his father's contract with General Perkins,
and made him the proprietor of the valuable coalmines that lay
buried in that tract of land, and ultimatel3' gave to the country
the patriotic war Governor of Ohio in 1861-2.
So much for the encouragement of our young men of slender
means ! ! ! —
But I come to the stand, mainly for the purpose of tracing the
history of one of the religious institutions of our city :
On the 9th day of November 1816, sundr3' persons, who lived in
the village of Cleaveli^nd and its vicinit3', met at the house of
Phinehas Shephard for the purpose of nominating officers for a
Protestant Episcopal Church in said Cleaveland.
EA RL Y SE TTLERS' ASSO CIA TION. 67
The minutes of that meeting read as follows :
" Timothy Doan was chosen Moderator and Charles Gear, Clerk.
Phinehas Shephard, ] ,y ,
Abraham Scott, \
Timothy Doan, \
Abraham Hickox, > Vestrj^men.
Jonathan Pelton, )
Dennis Cooper, Reading Clerk.
Adjourned till Easter Monday next.
Charles Gear, Clerk T
On the 2d day of 3Iarch 1817 at a Vestry Meeting, "especially
warned," and held at the " Court House in the village and town of
Cleaveland," present, the Rev. Roger Searl, Rector of St. Peter's
Church of Plymouth, Conn., Tinioth}^ Doan, Phinehas Shephard,
Jonathan Pelton, Parker Pelton, Abraham Scott, Abraham Hickox,
Charles Gear, Dennis Cooper, John Wilcox, Alfred Kelley, Irad
Kelley, T. M. Kelley, Noble H. Merwin, David Long, D. C.
Henderson, Philo Scovill and others, it was resolved, that the
persons present were attached to the Protestant Episcopal Church
in the United States, and they did, thereby, unite themselves into
a Congregation, by the name of " Trinity Parish of Cleave-
land, Ohio," for the worship and services of Almighty God,
according to the forms and regulations of said Church."
This was the first organized Religious Society in the city of
Cleveland.
Afterwards, on Easter Monday, April 7th, 1817. at a meeting of
which the Rev. Roger Searl is recorded as the President " Ex-
Offlcio," and David Long as Clerk, the following elections were
made for the year :
Timoth}^ Doan, ] w -ri
Phinehas Shephard, j
Jonathan Pelton,
Noble H. Merwin,
Alfred Kelley, [-Vestrymen,
Dennis Cooper,
Charles Gear,
68
ANNALS OF THE
Wm. Ingersoll, Dennis Cooper and Abraham Scott were chosen
Laymen, for the purpose of " Reading Service."
From this time and for three years ensuing, Trinity Parish had
but little more than a name to live. The village had only a poplu-
ation of two hundred and fifty. The Church had no house in
which to meet, and was too poor to pay a settled minister. The
good Mr. Searl visited the parish at intervals, and administered the
Holy Ordinance. For the most part, they were obliged to rely
upon their Lay Readers.
At length, on the 15th of May 1820, at a vestry meeting held at
the house of Noble H. Merwin in the village of Cleaveland, at
which the Rev. Mr. Searl presided, the following appointments were
made, to wit : .
JosiAH Barber, Clerk, pro tern.
Geo. L. Chapman, Clerk.
JosiAH Barber, Treasurer.
Phinehas Shephard, U^,^^,^^^^^^
JosiAH Barber, )
Timothy Doan,
Dr. David Long,
John Clark,
Asa FooTE, [- Vestrj^men.
Wm. Ingersol,
James Sears,
Abraham Hickox,
Josiah Barber was appointed Lay Reader.
On motion, it was resolved, " That it is expedient in future to
have the Clerical and other public services of the Episcopal Church
in Trinity Parish, heretofore, located in Cleaveland, held in Brooklyn
ordinarily^ and occasionall}' in Cleaveland and ICuclid, as circum-
stances may seem to require."
And thus matters continued until the Fall of the year eighteen
hundred and twenty-six, when the Rev. Silas C. Freeman, of
Virginia, was induced to become the Rector of Trinity Parish on a
salary of $500 per annum, with the understanding that the Church
at Norwalk should emplo}' him one-third or one-half of the time,
paying their proportion of the five hundred dollars.
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 69
The " Parish of Trinity " was, at this time, restored to the
village of Cleaveland, and religious services. were held in the old
Court-house. On the 13th of December 1826, the vestr}- instructed
Judge Barber to address a memorial to Rt. Rev. Bishop Chase
praying for assistance from the missionar}" fund to enable them to
sustain their Rector.
At the next annual meeting held on the 14th of April 1827,
Rev. Mr. Freeman in the chair, the following persons were chosen
wardens and vestrymen, viz. ;
JosiAH Barber, ] ^j ,
T) o ( VV ardens.
Phinehas Shephard, )
Charles Taylor, ]
Henry L. Noble,
Reuben Champion,
John W. Allen, [ Vestrymera.
James S. Clarke,
Levi Sargeant,
Sherlock J. Andrews,
At this meeting, the following resolution was adopted significant
of the limited resources of Trinit}' Parish in 1827, as compared
with its condition in 1884 :
" Resolved, That the Rev. Mr. Freeman be appointed an agent, to
go to the East for the purpose of endeavoring to raise funds, with
which to erect a church in this village."
Mr. Freeman was very successful in this expedition, and Trinity
Parish was thus enabled to erect in 1 828-9, the first Church edifice
that was built in Cleveland. It stood at the intersection of Seneca
and St, Clair streets, southeast corner, and the whole cost of the
structure was $3,070.
In February 1828, the Parish was incoporated by a special act
of the General Assembly-, and the names of the corporators were
as follows : Josiah Barber, Phinehas Shephard, Charles Taylor
Henry L. Noble, Reuben Champion, James S. Clarke, Sherlock J.
Andrews, Levi Sargeant and John W. Allen, who were then
wardens and vestrymen.
In the 3'ear 1830, the vestry believed themselves so strong
financially, that they ventured to call on the Rev. Mr. McElroy to
70
ANNALS OF THE
be their Rector, and agreed to pa}' him, for his whole time, at the
rate of $450 per annum.
During this last fiscal year, this old Parish of Trinit}' has raised,
by voluntar}' contribution for Church and charitable purposes, the
sum of. seventy-one thousand eight hundred and sixteen dollars and
sixty-two cents ($71,810.62).
The Parish is free from debt, and has property- in possession,
worth, at a low estimate, one hundred and thirty- three thousand
dollars. It is the mother church of all the F.piscopal churches in
the city, and has under its exclusive charge a " Home for the Sick
and Friendless,"' that is an honor to humanit3^
In the words of the message, first transmitted through Morse's
telegraph, I sa}', with reverence :
'' What hath God wrought ! "
Several other prominent gentlemen were expected to favor the
audience with brief speeches, but the lateness of the hour pre-
vented.
The exercises of the day were now closed with the song of " Old
Folks at Home " b}' the Home Amateurs and the singing of the
doxology, in which the audience joined.
EABL Y SETTLERS' ASSOCIA TION.
HISTORICAL CONTRIBUTIONS.
71
AN INTP]RESTINa LETTER.
Hon. Harvey Rice, Preside/it of -the Early Settlers' Association.
Dear Sir : — Agreeably to your request I herewith contribute, as
one of the oldest inhabitants of Cleveland, and a native of the
Western Reserve, my mite to the historical collection of our
Association. I shall necessarily make m3-self apparently unduly
prominent, but I trust that will be overlooked.
When I attended the last meeting of our Association, I met
many whom I knew when they were young, when their steps were
light, when their hair was of the original hues, when, imbued with
the enthusiasm of 3'outh, they looked forward with a hopeful feel-
ing of having a pleasant journey through life. When I looked at
that white haired matron, the mother and grandmother of many
children, I remembered her well, when a boy, as a young society
belle. When I gazed on that stately and venerable gentleman, I
could hardly realize that I knew him once as a favored beau, a
handsome young man and a first class dancer. When I first met
with the esteemed President of our Association, he bad a fair
young bride, his present wife. The first time I saw the genial face
with its kindly expression of the Hon. John A. Foote, he was pre-
siding over the meeting of a debating societ}-, in Phoenix Hall,
on Superior street, in the Winter of 1838-9. He was then com-
paratively a young man and proved himself a good presiding
officer, judging b}^ the manner in which he called James A. Briggs,
now of Brooklyn, N. Y., to order for some violation of rules of
debate. The question under discussion was, " Is Slavery right and
justifiable ? " I remember, Mr. Briggs took a high place in my heart
by taking the negative position. His opponent was a law3'er by
the name of Randall. When I listened to his defence of the in-
fernal institution of slaveiy, my bo^ush feelings against him were
72 ANNALS OF THE
akin to those I had subsequently towards a "slave hunter." Young-
as I was, I am proud to say, I was an intense abolitionist. I im-
bibed m}' abolition sentiment when a lad from a good old Anti-
Slaver}^ Aunt, who used to dilate on the cruelt}' and injustice of
slaver3\ She is still living in Austinburg, a venerable lad}' of
eighty.
That old pioneer, George B. Merwin, Esq. — the first time I remem-
ber seeing him was in Decfember, 1838, when he was marching with
the Cleveland Graj-s, on their first public parade. He was second
lieutenant of that compan}-, and a ga}- and fine looking officer he
appeared. The Grays had subsequentl}' a great reputation as one
of the best drilled companies in the Union. It was commanded
b}' Capt. Timothy Ingraham, who, during the war of the rebellion,
did some good service for the government. He has since passed
awa}- at his home in New Bedford, Mass. The venerable General
Sanford, who with his wife were among the old settlers who graced the
re-union by their presence, was the first lieutenant of the Grab's. The
first time I saw him was when he was showing attention over half
a centur}^ ago to a handsome widow lad}', Mrs. Hayward, whom he
afterwards married. She is the mother of Col. Hayward, who was
a high private in the Grays when that company was first organized
in 1838. I first knew the colonel when my father occupied his
mother's house, which was situated on Superior street, next east
of the Excelsior Block. He was a harum scarum lad, full of mis-
chief, but withal a good hearted boy. The house of Mrs. Hay-
ward was previously occupied by an Englishman by the name of
Bennet. He run the only brewery in the place. The first piano
I ever heard was owned by him, on which his beautiful black-
eyed daughters used to play. He brought it over from England,
and it was the only piano in Cleveland in 1832. Just think of
Cleveland with only one piano during the early period of our lives.
Now there is not a farming town in Northern Ohio, but what ha»
upwards of a dozen, and our city, at this moment, has probably
over two thousand ! This illustrates most forcibly the great
advance we have made in musical culture.
Among the gray-haired gentlemen in the audience, I noticed
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIA TION.
73
Bushnell White, Esq. He too was a member of the gallant Grays.
I saw him first when he accepted on behalf of that company a flag
from the late C. M. Gicklings, in front of his stone mansion, on the
corner of Ontario street and north side of the square. He made
an eloquent speech on that occasion, for in his prime he was quite
an orator.
I listened with absorbing attention to .the interesting remarks
of Judge Spalding. I first saw him in 1843, when he called
at the Herald office and settled a bill. He was a fierce but
intellectual looking gentleman. In his days he was a famous
politician, and as a drafter of resolutions at a political con-
vention he stood unrivalled — • in fact, he was the champion
drafter of resolutions. If the diflTerent Presidential National Con-
ventions had only employed the Judge on a salary to construct
their platforms, he would have given them a far better job than
an}^ of them ever have had. He can write a resolution in most
elegant English and in the most terse style. No wonder the Plain
Dealer was wont to call him " The Honorable Resolutionary P.
Spalding." The Judge is now eight}' six, yet he does not appear
to be more than seventj^-five. • He is indeed a remarkably well
preserved old gentleman, and ma}- he live to celebrate his hundreth
birthday is m}' most sincere wish.
On the platform I noticed one of the Vice-Presidents of our
Association, Mrs. J. A. Harris. She is a fair sample of the noble
Pioneer women of the past. She was a worthy helpmeet of her
husband when he tackled the Cleveland Herald in 1837, and for
years was struggling to make the venture a success. He boarded
nearly all of his employes, which was a custom in those good old
days, in order to keep down expenses. It was m}- fortune to
be one of Mr. Harris" apprentices, and I boarded with him along
with the rest of the boys. I can testif}- to the kindly care
Mrs. Harris used to exercise over " her boys," and to her great
popularity among them all. The absence of her husband from our
gatherings makes me feel sad, for I know of none who would have
enjoyed meeting with the early settlers more than he. I first made
his acquaintance in the Winter of 1838-9, nearl}' fort3--six 3'ears
74
ANNALS OF THE
ago, when he was seated at the "Old Round Table," in his office
in the Central Building, then located on the present site of the
National Bank Building. I had then commenced learning my
trade, that of " the art preservative of all arts." Mr. Harris was
a man of extraordinary industry. He was editor of the Herald,
and his own city editor, reporter, commercial editor, financial
editor, mailing clerk and book-keeper. In those days the Herald
was considered a great newspaper, and Mr. Harris a great editor.
The expense of publishing, the Herald, including everything, did
not exceed eighty dollars a week. The hand-press turned out only
240 impressions on one side per hour, equal to 120 sheets printed
on both sides. The news was received by mail carried in the old-
fashioned stage coach. They had no 'telegraphic news, no special
dispatches, no special correspondents, no staff of editors, and no
lightning presses. Now, for the purpose of showing the contrast
between the Herald when I first knew it and the papers of to-day,
I will compare it with the Leader as a sample. My apology for
doing so, is that I am familiar with the cost of running it and with
its details. The weekl}- cost of publishing this last named paper
ranges from fortj'-two hundred to forty-five hundred dollars a
week. Its presses have turned out during the Garfield funeral 500
papers per minute printed both sides, pasted, cut and folded. Its
staff consists of one editor-in-chief, one managing editor, a writing
editor, news editor, commercial editor, financial editor, railway''
editor, city editor, telegraphic revisor and eight reporters. In
addition the Leader has two correspondents stationed at Washing-
tiou, who are considered members of the staff. Scattered all over
the countrj- are nearl}' two hundred correspondents, who are paid
for every piece of news thej^ send. Instead of waiting for a stage-
coach to arrive with a later batch of newspapers, from which to
cull our news, as Mr. Harris used to do, the night editor will
receive a dispatch from say New York as follows : " Several failures
in Wall Street, Great excitement, How many words ?" The reply
would be, perhaps, " Send one thousand." A dispatch from Cin-
cinnati will be received saving for instance : "A riot brewing. It
promises to be a serious affair. How man}' words ?" The reply
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 75
would be, " Send full account." Our Boston correspondent may
send as follows : " Beacon street terribly excited. A girl of wealth
and culture eloped with her father's coachman. How many
words ?" The answer ma}- be, " Four hundred." It is in this man-
ner the great modern dailies gather the news b}' telegraph from
all parts of the Union. Also by means of the associated press
news from Europe, Africa, Asia and South America. Yet in spite
of the difference of circulation being in favor of the modern paper,
as compared with that of the Herald forty-five years ago, Mr.
Harris as editor, was considered a far greater man than your
humble servant is as editor of the Leader to-day ! In fact Mr.
Harris, was considered the biggest man in the city. Editors have
rather degenerated in the estimation of people, compared to what
they were forty years ago.
I served Mr. Harris as an apprejitice off and on for several
3'ears. I was not a very good apprentice, I am sorr}- to say, for I
had a proneness for quarrelling and fighting with some of the boj's
in the office, and as a result I was discharged three different times
and taken back each time. But I revenged myself on the " old
man," as we used to call him, b}' emplo3'ing him j-ears afterwards
to edit the Leader. Two of Mr. Harris' apprentices — m}' fellow
apprentices — have risen to prominence. One of them. Dr. J. C.
Reeve, has become an eminent physician, and he now lives in
Dayton. The othei', George K. Fitch, is the editor of the San
Francisco Bulletin, and part owner of that paper, also of the San
Francisco Dailj' Call. He stands high as a citizen and journalist.
To show the great regard he had for his old employer, 3-ears ago,
when he was over here on a visit, he presented Mr. Harris with a
magnificent gold watch as a memento of his friendship. Mr.
Fitch can be claimed by us as one of the earlj- settlers, for he
resided in this city from 1842 till 1847. While visiting him at his
home in San Francisco, last year, he referred to Mr. Han-is in
terms, I might say, of affection. Would that this veteran
journalist could have been with us at our last meeting. How he
would have enjoyed the occasion, for he had been himself an old
settler, and he had such a reverence for the early pioneers. But he
■JQ A^'^^ALS OF THK
is gone. How I mourned his departure for the other side of the
river. How sadl^^ the old residents of Cleveland missed J. A.
Harris, after he had left us forever ! A kinder-hearted and better
man than he never lived.
While looking over the audience at the last meeting of our Asso-
ciation, I could not help feeling sad, for there were man}^ familiar
faces missing. I realized then, how many there were whom we
loved, respected and esteemed, who had " gone to that bourne
whence no traveller returns." It brought to my mind the stately
form of my respected uncle, the late Judge Samuel Cowles, who
died in 1837. It made me think of my departed brother Giles,
who died in 1842. He was only twenty-three years, but he was a
young man of extraordinary ability. At the age of eighteen he was
a partner in business of the late Orlando Cutter, and when their
store was burned in 1837, he caught cold, which settled on his
lungs and eventually carried him away. Some of the familiar faces
which graced the gathering, brought up before me my honoi'ed
parents, and my brother, the late Judge Samuel Cowles, of San
Francisco. This brother studied law in the office of Andrews, Foot
and Hoyt, and was admitted to the bar in 1847. In 1852 he and
his law partner, E. B. Mastick, Esq., went to California. My
brother died in 1880, and Mr. Mastick is still living, a prominent
lawj'er of San Francisco. As one of the trustees acting under the will
of Mr. James Lick, he has charge of the construction of the largest
telescope the world has yet seen. The object glass of the largest
now in existence is twenty-eight inches in diameter. That Mr.
Mastick is overseeing will be thirt3'-six inches in diameter, and it
is calculated it will bring the moon to within twelve miles of the
earth. But I have departed from my theme.
My mind wandered back in the past, and I thought of many
good men and women, early settlers, who have gone to their final
earthly homes in the Erie street and Woodland cemeteries. I
made a draft on my memory and brought to mind the names of
the following early settlers who lived here forty to forty-five j-ears
ago, who are now sleeping in those cemeteries :
T. P. Ma}^, Dr. David Long, John Blair, Buckley Stedman, Rev.
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. yj
Dr. S. C. Aiken, W. J. Warner, Leonard Case, sen., William Case,
Leonard Case, jr., N. C. Winslow, Richard Winslow, H. J. Winslow,
Thomas Jones, sen., H. L. Noble, John L. Severance, who lies alone
in his grave in Southampton, England ; Solomon Severance,
Yarnum J. Card, Ex Post-master Aaron Barker, Judge John W.
Wille}', the first Ma^-or of Cleveland ; Ex-Mayor Joshua Mills,
George Hoadley, the father of the Grovernor ; John M. Woolsey,
George C. Dodge, J. F. Hanks, Richard Hilliard, Ex-Mayor
Nicholas Doekstader, Gov. Wood, Ex-Ma3'or W. B. Castle, Judge
and Ex-Mayor Samuel Starkweather, Ex-Mayor Nelson Haj-word,
Ex-Mayor H. M. Chapin, Orlando Cutter, A. D. Cutter, Henr}- W.
Clark, Col. Clark, his nephew who was killed during the rebellion ;
Judge H. V. Wilson, Judge Sherlock J. Andrews, Judge John
Barr, Elisha T. Sterling, Ahaz Merchants, S. A. Hutchinson, A. S.
Hutchinson, George A. Benedict, Editor Herald ; Hon. Edward
Wade, J.F. Clark, Alexander Seymour, Prof. J. P. Kirkland, Prof.
H. A. Ackley, Prof John Delamater, Prof. Jehu Brainard, P. M.
Weddell, Peter P. Weddell, Wm. MoGaughey, Judge T. M. Kelley,
T. H. Beckwith, Lewis Handerson, Dr. Robert Johnston, Benjamin
Rouse, Rev. Dr. Levi Tucker, Captain John Pen-}-, Nathan Perry,
Oliver H. Perry, Edwin Stair, John Stair, Benjamin Stair, Prof.
Mendenhall, latterly of the Cincinnati Medical College ; the two
Proudfoot brothers, A. M. Perry, William Lemen, Tom Lemen,
Philo Scoville, Benjamin Harrington, formerh^ post-master ; J. W.
Gray, Editor Plain Dealer and formerly- post-master ; N. A. Gra}',
Melancton Barnet, Deacon Whitaker, Deacon Hamlin, Dr. Henry
Everett, Wm. J. May, George May, A. W. Walworth, Deacon Fox,
H. B. Hurlbut, Milo Hickox, John Gill, Harmon Kingsbury,
Elijah Bingham, Silas Belden, Nelson Monroe, Deacon W\ A. Otis,
Capt. Sartwell, Charles M. Giddings, N. E. Crittenden, George
Worthington, Thomas Brown, formerly Editor of the True
Democrat ; Judge Solomon Stoddard and his three Sons, Charles
G. Aiken, J. F. Taintor, Charles Bradburn, Judge Thomas Bolton,
Moses Kelly, J. M. Gillette, Elijah Sanford, Capt. Moses Ross,
David Morrison, sen., Henry Gaylord, Aaron Stiokland, Joseph
Ross, Seth A. Abbey, Dr. W. A. Clark, Samuel Raymond, Woolsey
78
ANNALS OF THE
Welles, Ricbard Lord, Samuel Williamson, Robert Williamson^
Rev. Dr. S. B. Canfield, Rev. Dr. Bury, E. F. Punderson, Rev. Wm.
Daj', James H. Kellogg, Edward Baldwin, Joseph Sarjeant, W. D.
Beattie, Horatio Ford, J. H. Crittenden, Charles A. Sbepard, Edward
Shepard, 0. E. Huntington, Edward White, James Houghton, N. M.
Standart, Dr. B. S. Lyman, E. C. Rouse, J. L. Weatherly, Dr. Terry,
D. L. Beardsley, Gen. D. L. Wood, Augustus Merwin, J. M. Hughes^
I. N. Halliday, Judge Reuben Hitchcock, Erastus Smith, Jacob
Lowman, S. Brainard, Henry Mould, Henry J. Mould, .Prof. J.
Lang Cassel, C. Stetson, J. B. Bartlet, Hon. Franklin T. Backus,
Judge J. P. Bishop, Deacon Moses White, Henr}- Seaman,
Sylvester Ranney, Horatio Ranney, — Seaman, of Seaman &
Smith ; Wm. Mittleberger, AVm. Sholl, John B. Waring, Darwin
Severance, Col. Lawrence, Gov. J. W. Fitch, Daniel W. Fiske, J.
E. James, the old sexton of the Stone Church ; LTncle Abram
Hickox, Levi Bauder, John Wills, Wm. Milford, Herrick Childs,
Oscar A. Childs, Judge Josiah Barber, Deacon S. H. Sheldon, Joel
Scranton, Marshal Carson, S. S. Coe, Reuben Champion, Zalmon
Fitch, Grant Fitch, Wm. J. Brooks, — Gardner, of Gardner &
Vincent ; J. R. Stafford, Dr. C. D. Brayton, J. H. Gorham, Isaac
Taylor, Henry S. Stevens, M. B. Scott, John H. Guptil, R. H.
Blackmer, Capt. L. A. Pierce, James S. Clark, Henry F. Clark,
Lieutenant Allen Norton, E. W. Andrews, B. L. Spangler, Capt.
Levi Johnson, Thomas Richmond, Gurdon Fitch, John Outhe-
waite, T. C. Floyd, James B. Finney, Dr. Amos Pierson,
Ambrose Spencer, J. C. Woolson, Judge Joseph Hayward,
Judge Q. F. Atkins, Capt. D. Howe, Morris Jackson, Mar-
shal S. Castle, Daniel M. Haskell, Uncle Jenkins, the vener-
able bachelor, who used to ride a white horse; Uncle Nelson,
sexton of Trinity Church ; Dr. P. Mathivet, Wm. Fiske, Capt.
J. C. McCurdy, George Tolhur.st, S. L. Bingham, Charles A. Dean,
George A. Stanley, George W. Stanley, N. Brainard, Dr. Ed.
Kelley, John R. St. John, Prentiss Dow, John G. Stockle}^, Elisha
Taylor, Lyman Kendall, C. W. Heard, Anson Hayden, Dr. M.
L. Wright, Judge Whittlesey, C. L. Camp, Seth T. Hurd, Dr. A.
Underbill, Dr. Weston, Thomas Umbstaetter, David Hersh, Henry
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 79
E. Butler, Deacon A. Wheeler, Stephen C. Whitaker, Joseph S.
Lake, James E. Craw, Samuel Foote, John E. Car}^, Stephen S.
Clary, — Brewster, the school-master ; Carnarhan Aiken, Son of
Rev. Dr. Aiken, who died at sea ; Robert Parks, Israel P.
Converse, — Barstow, — Kingsley, who was drowned at Sandus-
ky, brother of H. C. Kingsley ; Harmon Handy, Rev. Joseph
Breck, Flavel W. Bingham, Aaron Clark, Dr. Thomas G. Cleveland.
There are others who were prominent, but they are beyond the
reach of my memory. The foregoing list comprises some of the
best known citizens, who lived in Cleveland forty to forty-five years
ago, when it had only an average population of about ten thousand.
Now our city lias a population of about twenty-one times that
number. Can it now show twent3--one times the number of citizens
comprising the list I have given of equal standing ? I doubt very
much if it can, when to this list should be added the names of
earlj' prominent citizens who are now living. Among the dead of
the earl}' settlers are these legal lights : Andrews, Hitchcock, Wade,
Kell}', Bolton, Backus, Stetson, Starkweather, Williamson, Wilson,
and Bishop. Can our bar to-daj', consisting of ten times as many
members nearly all modern settlers, match that arra^^ of legal
names in standing ? Among the scientific names, which have
added to the social quality of Cleveland fort}' years ago, are those
of Kirtland, the Agassiz of the West, Delamater, St. John, Ackley,
Mendenhall and Cassel, none of whom are now living, and I will
add the names of Prof H. L. Smith, of Hobart college, Geneva^
N. Y. ; Greneral Charles Whittlesey, the well known geologist, who
both are living and who were residents of Cleveland fort}^ years ago.
The clergy of Cleveland forty and forty-five years ago had a
galax}' of names noted for their profoundness, ability, learning
and eloquence. There were the Rev. Dr. Aiken, pastor of the Old
Stone Church ; Rev. Dr. S. B. Canfield, of the Second Presbyterian
Church ; Rev. Dr. Levi Tucker, pastor of the Baptist Church ;
Rev. Dr. Perry, of St. Paul, and Rev. Lloyd Winsor, of Trinity.
Besides these I can add the name of that famous Millerite
clergyman, Rev. Mr. Fitch, a man of great learning, sincerity and
eloquence, and who honestly believed that the world would come
80
ANNALS OF THE
to an end in 1844. Intellectually he was a gi-eat man. Can the
clerg}' of Cleveland to-da}' produce an equal number of names of
equal abilit}^ ?
This brings to mind that Cleveland forty years ago, or more
strictly speaking thirty-eight years ago, had a lecture bureau of
her own, and instead of importing lecturers from outside of her
limit, the bureau drew on her home talents and the lectures
delivered were fully as interesting as an}- of those of the foreign
lights. Dr. Aiken gave a lecture on the histor}' of the (Ireek
Church, Dr. Canfield on the Life and Times of Oliver Cromwell,
Rev. Lloyd Winsor on the French Revolution, Dr. Terry on
Charles the First, Edward Wade on the Convention that formed
the Constitution, Albert Gr. Lawrence, on Sir "Walter Raleigh, John
R. Waring on some commercial subject. Prof. H. L. Smith on
chemical science. Prof. St. John on a theme which I have forgotten,
George Rradburn, who afterwards became one of the editors of the
True Democrat, now the Leader, dilated on his experience in
England, — in those days it was considered a great thing to have
been to England, — and James A. Rriggs, delivered a lecture on
" The Greatness of our Country,'' or something to that effect.
Mr. Bradburn in his lecture took occasion to put our country
sadly at a disadvantage in comparing her with the greatness of
England. He was followed shortly afterwards by Mr. Rriggs, who
made a sort of an indignant reply to Mr. Rradburn. That
gentleman had the misfortune to be deaf and sat on the platform,
where he could hear. The burden of Mi\ Rrigg's address was
decrying the claims set up by Mr. Rradburn of the superior
greatness of Rrittannia as compared with our country, and while
dealing out his sarcasm he would look at that gentleman and bow
to him. Mr. Rradburn received the salutation in an immovable
manner. Mr. Rriggs afterwards became editor of the same paper,
the True Democrat, that Mr. Rradburn subsequently edited.
The lecture which created the most interest was that delivered
by the Rev. Dr. Canfield, on Oliver Cromwell, in which he made
an able defence of that great soldier and statesman from the bitter
attacks of the adherents of the Church of England. He quoted
EARLY SETTLERb'' ASSOCIATION. g^
from the writings of Thomas Carlyle to sustain his statements. He
took the position that Hume, the historian, was an infidel, con-
sequently was interested in denouncing Cromwell, the Puritan
Christian. It was a most logical and eloquent lecture. It divided
the community into two factions — the Croin well and Anti-Cromwell,
the latter being composed of Episcopalians. Among them was a
lawyer by the name of L. C. Turner, who had written frequently
for the Herald over the nom de plume of " Otsego." He was a very
high churchman and probably honestl}' believed that there was no
salvation outside the pale of his church. He took upon himself to
come out in the Herald and criticize Mr. Canfield's lecture, in
which he said he was susprised that the " reverend " — the
quotation is his — gentleman should repudiate the great historian
Hume as authority, because of his being an infidel, and at the
same time accept the statement in defence of Cromwell of a
notorious blasphemer like Carlyle who had been imprisoned for
blasphemy ! A correspondent in Akron wrote a reply, in which he
exposed the ignorance of " Otsego." It seemed that individual
had confounded Thomas Carlyle, who spells his name with a "}',''
with Kichard Carlisle, who spells his with "is," and who was im-
prisoned in London for blasphemy. In spite of his humiliating
defeat, " Otsego " came back with another letter, in which he
acknowledged his mistake, but notwithstanding all that, Carl^'le
was nevertheless a blasphemer, and made a quotation from his
^' Hero Worship " of apparently blasphemous expressions to prove
his assertion. The Akron writer returned to the charge with
another communication in which he showed up the tricky character
of " Otsego." It seemed he selected a blasphemous expression,
Carl34e had ascribed to Satan, and tried to palm it off as being the
sentiment of that gi'cat essa3'ist. Mr. " Otsego " never appeared in
print after that, as least I never saAv any more of his effusions.
Another incident occurred in connection with the course of
lectures by home talent. Prof St. John of the Cleveland Med-
ical College, an eminent scientist and literateur, gave a lecture,
the subject of which I have forgotten, but it was admired by
all who heard it. Cleveland at that time was blessed bv the
6
82
ANNALS OF THE
presence of a conceited legal sprig by the name of Dudley, whO'
had imported himself from New Hampshire. He pompously
advertised himself as having been a former law partner of Ather-
ton, the infamous author of the gag law bearing his name. This
man Dudley published a communication, charging Prof. St.
John with having committed plagiarism by stealing his lecture
from J. S. Headley, and palming it off as his own. This charge
created quite an excitement, for the Professor was looked upon as
being incapable of committing such a thing. Dudley published
in his communication an extract from Headley's lecture, the senti-
ment of which sounded, it was claimed, very much like some of
the Professor's utterances. Finally H. C. Kingsley, Esq., now of
New Haven, took the manuscript of the lecture and compared it
with that of Headley's, and found the sentiments in certain parts
were somewhat similar to those of Headley's, but the language
was entirely different. This disposed very thoroughly the charge
of plagiarism, and that busy-body Dudley soon disappeared, no-
body knew where.
The early settlers of Cleveland show to advantage, as compared
with the later settlers, by furnishing most of the prominent military
characters who served during the war of the Rebellion. Herewith
is a list as far as I can gather from the recesses of my memory r
Gen. James Barnet, Gren. Lucius Fairchild, of Wisconsin, Gen.
Charles Whittlesey, Gen. David L. Wood, Col. 0. H. Payne,
Col. W. H. Hayward, Col. Timothy H. Ingraham, Col. Clark (wha
was killed in battle), Lieut. Colonel Perry (son of Capt. John Perry),
Lieut. Col. Lawrence, Lieut. Col. Crane (killed at Ringgold), Major
George A. Mygatt, Maj. Seymour Race, Maj. Dwight Palmei', Maj.
Carlton, Captain P. W. Rice, Capt. E. C. Rouse, Capt. Homer
Baldwin, Capt. John Nevins, Capt. Wm. Nevins, Capt. George W.
Tibbitts, Capt. Standart.
The foregoing is a xevy good record for the earl}' settlers, con-
sidering the smallness of their number to draw from. The num-
erous later settlers comparatively furnished few military names.
Among the early settlers we find the names of Gov. Fairchild
of Wisconsin, Gov. Wood, Gov. Hoadley, and Lieutenant Gov. J,
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. g3
W. Fitch, Senators Heniy B. Payne, and John P. Jones of Nevada.
The early settlers furnished the following congressmen, namely,
Hon. John W. Allen, Hon. Sherlock J. Andrews, Hon. Edward
Wade and Hon. H. B. Payne.
The distinguished names I have given prove very conclusively
that the settlers who lived in Cleveland previous to 1844, small as
they were, numerically speaking, as compared with the modem
settlers, outnumbering them twenty to one, furnished the bulk of
the brains for the now mighty citj' of Cleveland with its nearl}- a
quarter of a million of population.
I have dilated on the interesting past more than I intended, and
I will close by relating a little incident which the Hon. John A.
Foot omitted for obvious reasons from his eulogistical remarks on
Judge Andrews, in which he described the humorous phrases in
the character of that great jurist and lawyer, and his proneness for
perpetrating jokes. The 3'ear of 1842 was the era when the Wash-
ingtonian temperance movement was at its height. That old " sea
dog," Capt. Turner, was one of its moving spirits, and made many
temperance speeches homeh', but very forcible and popular. Mr.
Foot was engaged in the good work with all the enthusiasm of his
nature. At that time he was a law partner of Judge Andrews
and the firm was known as '■ Andrews, Foot «fc Hoyt." Just below
their office was a notorious whiske}* shop, known as the " Hole in
the Wall." One day while Mr. Foot was busy with the good
work in the cause of temperance, he came into the office. There
were present. Judge Andrews, Mr. Hoyt, and an Englishman from
Euclid, whose name I have forgotten. As 3Ir. Foot was about
leaving, the Judge put on a serious expression of countenance and
commenced giving brother Foot this feeling advice : " Now, Foot
I wish you would refrain from your visits to the Hole-in-the-WalU
Try and walk b}' without entering that place. Remember your
family, the reputation of our firm, and jour standing as a professed
temperance man. How can you aflford to risk all b}' entering that
place. Now try and go b}' the Hole-in-the-Wall without entering
it." The Englishman, completely sold by the mock gi-avity of the
Judge, spoTie up in his native brogue — •' Advice well put, Mr. Foot
b4
AA'NALS OF THB
— he pronounced that name " Fut" — well put. Let me tell you,
you had better accept it and cease going to that Hole-in-the-Wall."
Mr. Foot gazed at the Englishman with astonishment that he
should be mistaken as a toper, and then turned around and darted
out of the door down into the street.
Hoping to have the privilege and pleasure of meeting all of the
members of our Association alive and in the enjoyment . of good
health at our next gathering, I remain
Yours of the present as well as of the past,
Edwin Cowles.
OLDEST HOUSE ON THE RESERVE.
In the " Annals of the Early Settlers Association of Cuyahoga
County," published in 1883, is an account of an old house standing
at the corner of Hanover and Vermont streets, in Cleveland (West
Side), said to be about two hundred years old. That a house of
that age exists within the borders of the Western Reserve will be
news to most of its citizens.
Mr. Robert Sanderson is its present owner. Many may have
doubts of its antiquity. We have some evidence — not exactly-
corroborative — regarding an old house which once stood near the
site of this : Colonel James Hillman, Youngstown"s earliest settler,
in a letter written in 1843 (found on page 363 of Colonel Whittle-
sey's Early history of Cleveland), relates a journey as pack-horse
man, in 1796, from Pittsburgh to the mouth of Cuyahoga river
with goods, to be taken thence to Detroit by water. He says that
near the mouth of Tinker's Creek " we crossed the Cuyahoga and
went down the west side to the mouth. In going down we passed
a small log trading house, where one Meginnis traded with the
Indians. He left the house in the Spring before we were there."
He adds, that on a subsequent trip that Summer he, and those with
him, drew small logs and built a hut at a spring near where Main
street comes to the river, " which, I believe, was the first house
built on the Cleveland side."
He speaks of the Meginnis house as a "small log house." The
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 85
"old house" described by Mr. Sanderson was a two-stor}- house
with chestnut siding — a ver}' different house. If it had been at or
near the mouth of the river Mr. Hillman would probably have seen
it and mentioned it in his letter. And yet it maj' have been built
where stated by Mr. Sanderson and have been one of the age
named. If it was about two hundred years old ,it was erected, say
in 1683. If one hundred and fort}^ years old, in 1743.
More than two hundred years ago the French possessed Canada^
which they called " New France." They were pushing their settle-
ments and trading posts westward along the great lakes and rivers.
In 1683 they founded Detroit, and had probably at that time visited
the mouth of the Cuyahoga. About 1753 they had erected Fort
Duquesne, at the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela^
near Pittsburgh. It is not improbable that the\" may have had
trading posts on the south shore of Lake Erie, and perhaps the
"old house" was one of them. John M. Edwards.
Youno-stown, 0.
RECOLLECTIONS OF AN EAELY DAY.
A short account of my own experience in traveling and of the
manner of transit of some goods, during the early settlement of
the Western Reserve, ma}^ interest some readers.
I left my home in the State of steady habits, the first of March
1812, in compan}' with two young men, having a team loaded with
tea. axes, and scythes for New-Connecticut. It was their second
peddling trip west. Nothing of special interest occuri'ed during
our month's journey. The goods were left in Hartford, Trumbull
county, as a base for their supplies in their short excursions in the
settlements to dispose of their goods. On their first excursion,
they bargained a chest of tea to Martin Bashnell, of Claridon, who
had subsequently sold it to John Bartholomew, of Hambden. Mr
Bushnell was to take the chest in Hartford, and deliver it to Mr.
Bartholomew in Hambden. A part of my outfit for the West was
a low chest, about twenty inches in width, and about the same in
height, and about five feet in length, containing an axe, scythe,
gg AyXALS OF THE
lioe, and some clothing, which were left to be brought with the
tea. I had come to Claridon and informed Bushnell that his tea
was ready. He left with horse, saddle and harness on the horse.
At the place of receiving the two chests, he constructed a dray
from poles much in the form of a ladder, with two or more cross-
pieces, one end of the poles passing through the thill straps, the
other end drawing on the ground, the tugs being fastened to the
thills by a pin of wood. Necessity is said to be the mother of in-
Tcntion. Sureh* the above described vehicle for conveyance was as
primitive as well could be. He returned in a few days without
the chests, having left them in "Menna, making ten miles in
advance with the loading, saying the mud was so deep it would
be necessary- to wait a few days for the ground to dry some. In
the forepart of April, it was arranged for me to go with his horse,
which I found spring poor. Passing over minor incidents, I found
myself benighted in the woods and swamp bordering Musquito
Creek. Following the trail b}' star-light I came across another
trail angling to the right a little, which I took as having the most
tracks, which led me into a clearing of some ten acres, with a hay
stack from which hay had been drawn. Returning to the forks of
the road, and taking then the right path, I soon came to an ocean
of water, according to the night vision. A few rods ahead was
evidently a log bridge just above the surface of the water. Wad-
ing on, I found a bridge in the midst of the water, covered with
large round sticks of timber lying so much on the surface of the
water that they would settle under the horse's feet. The bridge
being short, I waded into the water, some two or three feet deep,
lessening in depth as I approached the sight of land, the water
probably extending some sixty or hundred rods. In the course of
a mile I came to a log-house, waking the inmates about midnight.
I was admitted to quite comfortable quarters. Next morning, I
made ray way to where the chests were, and harnessed my horse.
Adjusting the draj- and putting on the chests, I was soon in the
woods homeward bound. The waters in the creek had fallen a
little, so that the chests were above the water, and the bridge com-
paratively safe. The view and trail were not attractive, but not so
EA R L Y SETTLERS' A SSO CIA TION. 87
imposinglj' fearful as the previous night's view. The day was
warm and sultr}-. Towards night it became cloudy. Not having
Si time-piece, and darkness coming on sooner than expected, I was
in the Champion ^yoods, with many miles of forest ahead in
Champion and Southington, with a narrow road, some of the waj-
being mud and other parts corduroy, logs laid cross ways, the
horse showing unmistakable signs of fatigue. Deep darkness
•ensued, and flashes of lightning, and distant thunder greeted my
ears. I was tired, walking all da}- slowly. The air was compar-
atively still, just commotion enough to see the wind was southerl}-.
Soon the wind was roaring, tlie forked lightning more vivid, dark
and heavy clouds rolling from the northwest. The horse stopped,
so tired that the load could not be drawn an}* further. A large
oak tree had been turned up by the roots, leaving the trunk some
three feet above the ground. As the lightning flashed, I com-
prehended the situation. Although as dark as Egyptian darkness,
between the long and swift chains of fire I succeeded in placing
the two chests under the fallen tree, the bark of which was loose.
I pulled oft' strips of thick bark and putting them against the tree
to turn the rain oft' from the chests, flung the dray on the other
side of the road. Now came the wind and torrents of rain. The
thunder shook the earth. The tall, dead, girdled trees along the
line of the narrow road might be good magnets for the electric
fluid, and the timber dangerous missiles when thrown by violent
gusts of wind. The whole scene was appalling. Real danger that
cannot be avoided helps to keep the mind calm and cool. I was
soon cool enough, as there was not a dr}- thread in my clothes, and
the change of air from heat to cold was sudden, with many degrees
of change. In the course of half an hour or so, the torrents
ceased to a moderate shower, with a corresponding abatement of
wind and thunder. I started the horse, driving him before me as
best I could. Without an}- cessation of the moderate rain, there
came another shower, from another very dark cloud, which, how-
■ever, was not as intense either in lightning, wind or rain, which for
some hours continued, raining more or less in quantity, until I
•came to a log hut, inhabited to my great joy. The man getting up,
gg ANNALS OF THE
put my horse under shelter, making a great fire of dry wood and'
logs. I seated myself on a bench, my clothes next to the fire,,
smoking like a coal-pit, then changing to give the other side a
chance to dry. A knock at the door for admittance, and another
traveller on foot found a shelter. His story, in short, was that he
had been in the same woods, road and storm. He was wet and
looking sad, accounting that his experience that night had been'
awful. His mind was greatlj' agitated over a solemn spectacle
amidst such surroundings of wind, lightning, thunder and storm.
He said he had seen a coffin under a fallen tree. We doubted. He
affirmed his sober convictions, denying that he was superstitious.
My relation of the low chest having been put under the tree,
evidently soothed his mind. Laying ourselves down on a blanket
on the floor, with our feet towards the fire^ we spent the early
morning hours very comfortablj'. Next day I got the chests along
about seven miles to the Young's place in Middlefield, where the
load was left, footing it home. I told my friend Bushnell it was
his turn. I think that tea, when it came into Bartholomew's hands,,
must have been sold at such prices, that economy would have'
dictated dealing out in homeopathic doses.
Thus, in a few weeks from the time I had been accustomed to-
the fashions and mode of traveling in the New England States, I
was initiated into the backwoods customs and mode of traveling in^
Ohio. Lester Taylor.
Claridon, Nov. 25th, 1883.
THE CLEVELAND NEWS LETTER OF 1829.
{Special Correspondence of the Leader .)
Washington, June 27th. — Among the tens of thousands of
bound files of papers which are buried away in the cr3'pt of the
Capital building there is one labeled " Ohio, 1829," which contains-
a number of copies of the Cleveland Independent News Letter.
These papers were sent to Martin Van Buren, who was Secretary
of State about that time, and they were bound by him for the
EA RL Y SB TTL ERS' A SSO CIA TION. gg
State Department. From this department thej' somehow drifted
to the Congi-essional Library, where the}- are now kept hidden from
sight about twenty feet below ground.
In 1829, Cleveland, it will be remembered, had less than 1000
Inhabitants, and the News Letter would open its old-fashioned eyes
if it could see the papers published in the cit}' to-da}'. The issue
now spread out before me is that of May 9th, 1829. It is a single
folio, the pages of which are not so large as those of the Leader,
and I see it is headed vol. 2, No. 12. Its advertisement states
that its editor is Harvey Rice, and that it is published every
Saturday evening by David McLain, at the Printing Office, four
doors west of the Franklin House Square, Superior st., Cleveland-
Below this come its terms.
Two dollars and fifty cents per annum to "village subscribers,
who have their paper left at their doors, payable three months
after the reception of the first number."
" Grain will be received in payment at cash prices if delivered
within three months."
" No subscription receiA'cd in pa^'ment for six months unless
accompanied by cash."
" Advertisements ver}' conspicuously inserted three times at one
dollar per square, and twenty-five cents for each subsequent
insertion."
" No paper or advertisement discontinued until settlement is
made, except in hopeless cases."
The first page of the paper, with the exception of the very lean
head, is given up to advertisements, while the last is devoted
entirel}^ to poetr}- and stories. The news is all on the two inside
pages, and there is little in it except quotations from other papers,
and a single column of Andrew Jackson editorials.
Over the editorial column is the cut of a printing press much
like that of Ben Franklin's at the centennial, radiating raj's of light,
and over it is stretched a scroll bearing the words, " The News
Letter — The Tyrant's Foe — The People's Friend." There are no
telegrams, no special letters, no Associated Press dispatches, no
markets, and the tabulated matter is a column headed, " Bank
90
ANNALS OF THE
Note Table," which' shows how few cents on the dollar the difterent
issues of State banks are worth. I notice that ver}' few of them
are at par. Ohio banks seem to be worth within about five per cent,
of their face value, and ever}- bank except one out of the fifteen
Maine banks quoted is marked broken.
The advertisements give many hints as to the histor}' of the
times.
One shows the editor to be hard up, and saj'S that every sub-
scriber on his list owes him at least a dollar and a half
Another offers " $100 reward for the detection of the person who
fabricated a marriage notice, and clandestinely contrived to procure
its insertion in this paper last Saturday." Think what an ex-
citement that notice must have caused in this little village of
Cleveland of 1000 inhabitants. I can hear the tongues of the
gossips wag as I read between the lines.
Another advertisement is for a shooting match. It was dated
Cleveland, May 1st, 1829, and states that a $45 Double Barrelled
European Fowling piece will be shot for as soon as a suflScient
number have subscribed. Shots one dollar each. Off hand fifteen
rods ; from a rest twenty- rods. The gun may be seen and names
entered at Andrews' gun factor}^. Bank street.
Below this Orson M. Oviatt advertises that he has received a
new stock of dr}- goods, groceries, hardware, and Spanish sole
leather, which he will sell at the lowest prices for cash or pork.
And in another column is a petition for divorce of James Petti-
bone from Wealthy Pettibone his wife.
The school advertisements are interesting. T. H. Gallaudet, of
Hartford, Conn., advertises his deaf and dumb school there. Since
then his son has risen to the top of his profession, and now he
ranks in the world as one of the greatest deaf and dumb teachers
in it.
The Rev. Mr. Freeman, of the village of Chagrin, announces that
he proposes to open a school for young ladies where instruction will
be given in reading, spelling, writing, history, arithraethic, ge-
ograph}', and plain needle work, at three dollars per terra of twelve
weeks.
JEA RL Y SETTLERS' A SSO CIA TION. 9]^
The St. Clair Female Seminary at Pittsburgh teaches about the
same studies at a cost of $100 for board and tuition, and an
apothecar3''s bill at the charge of the parents. It states also that
the dress of all the young ladies will be uniform, consisting of two
black bombazette frocks and one white one, two black capes and
two white ones, two black bombazette aprons, handkerchiefs,
towels, combs, brushes, waste-bowls, etc., all at charge of parents.
A medical college advertisement of an institution at Cincinnati
states that good board can be had in that citj^ from $1.75 to $2.75
per week.
In another advertisement Cleveland is descriJDed as at the junc-
tion of the Ohio Canal with Lake Erie as the most populous,
wealth}'- and thriving village on the Western Reserve, with the
exception of Buffalo, on the Lake Shore. It has direct commu-
nication dail}' with the East, and three times a week with Pitts-
burgh, Cincinnati, Columbus, Detroit, etc., by mail stages, daih'
south b}" the canal, and almost hourly with Detroit and Buffalo
by steamboats and schooners.
Another advertisement states that The Reineviber Me, a religious
and literary miscellany, is for sale at the news office. And another
looking very strange for abolition Cleveland offers a reward of $20
for the return of a runaway slave. This I cop}' in part. It reads :
" $20 reward — ran awa}' on Saturdav evening, the 9th, iust., a negi'o
man named Frank, aged about thirty-five 5'ears, he is five feet
eight inches in height or thereabout. Said slave is very black with
white teeth, verj' talkative with those with whom he is acquainted
and reserved to strangers. Is fond of making use of high sound-
ing words. "Will steadil}' deny being a runaway, but can be easil}'
found out b}' being cross-questioned. A reward of $20 will be
given if taken out of the State, or of $10 if taken within the State
and returned to me. [Signed] Samuel Trottler,
Lexington, Ky.''
If this paper be an index. Cleveland in 1829 was satisfied with
very little news. There is vindictive spirit shown in the editorials,
and there is no halting between the two parties. All that the
Jackson men do is right ; all that Cla}' and the other party propose
92 ANNA I, S OF THE
radically wrong. One item states that Andrew Jackson has
received a box made of twent}^ different kinds of wood from some
man, and it gives Jackson's letter of thanks, which must have
covered several pages of foolscap. The Presidents had more time
then than now. It also gives the vote of one of the campaigns for
nomination as Senator, m which Leonard Case and Reuben Wood
figured, and it states a fact which I had not known in regard to
Lafayette's death, viz., that he was buried in a hogshead of earth
which his agent procured from Bunker Hill, and forwarded to
France. It also contains notices of the " great union canal lottery
of Pittsburgh," and gives its drawings, in which it seems that there-
are twice as many thousand blanks as there are thousand prizes.
June 27th, 1884.
FIRST WHITE CHILD BORN IN OHIO, 1781.
{Pittsburgh Chronicle Telegraph.)
On hundred years ago, that portion of the West which is now
Ohio was partly primeval forest and partly a prairie region, inhab-
ited by wild beasts and Indians. The possession of the land was
disputed for many }'ears by the French and English, and afterward
by conflicting state claims. A large portion of the district known
as the " Western Reserve " belonged to the State of Connecticut,
till sold by her in 1800. In 1778, a New England company, sent
out by General Putnam, made the first Ohio settlement at Marietta,.
so called for the French Queen Marie Antoinette, and three years
later, April 16th 1781, the first white child was born in the district..
Cincinnati was also settled in 1778. Not until 1794 did General
Wayne's victory secure to the colonists peace and safety from the
Indians. In 1802 Ohio became a State, and in 181G Columbus was-
made its capital.
BA EL Y SETTLERS' ASSOC! A TIOX. 93
GOLDEN WEDDING.
Mr. and Mrs. Darius Adams, of Collamer, Celebrate iJie Fiftieth Anni-
rersarij of their Marriage.
Silver weddings are not infrequent, but the celebration of the
fiftieth aniversary of the date when for better or worse two lives
were united for life's j6urne3', is more rare, as few husbands and
wives are spared until they have passed together the three score
years and ten alloted to man.
November 24th 1 883, howevei", was the fiftieth anni versar}' of the
marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Darius Adams, of Collamer, and a large
number of relatives gathered to celebrate with them their golden
Wedding. On the 24th of November, 1833, Mr. Darius Adams, then
a 3''oung man of twenty -three, was united in matrimonial bonds to
Miss Mary Doan, daughter of Timoth}' Doan, who was one j'ear his
junior. The^^ were married in that portion of Euclid township which
has since become East Cleveland township, and have passed their lives
in that localitj^, Mr. Adams having by his business as a contractor
and builder acquired wealth that renders them independent in their
later years. Among the guests at the golden wedding, many of
whom came from distant States, were Mr. Edwin Adams and his
wife, Mrs. Laura Adams, the oldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs.
Darius Adams, Mr. Charles Adams of St. Louis, the eldest son,
accommpanied by his wife, Mrs. Sarah Adams, Mr. Charles Taylor
and Mrs. Mary Taylor, the second daughter, Mr. C. C. Shankliu
and Mrs. Stella Shanklin, the youngest daughter, and Mr. Clark D.
Adams, the youngest son, and several brothers and sisters of Mrs
Adams, among them Mr. Seth Doan, of Kenosha, Wis., Mr. Norton
Doan, Mr. George Doan, and Mrs. Samantha Slade. Beside these
were Mr. John Doan, Mrs. Adams' uncle, who, as well as several
other of the guests, was present at the wedding in 1833. The
relatives gathered at the family residence at 3 o'clock in the after-
noon and enjoyed a family- reunion, the more pleasant as many of
the relatives, by business or other relations, had been prevented
from meeting one another for vears. When supper was served the
94 ANNALS OF THE
dishes that were used fifty 3-ears ago were among those on the
table, the knives and forks, with handles of horn, especiallj- attract-
ing much attention from the j^ounger guests. The bride and groom
sat in the same cane-seat chairs that they occupied at their wedding
in 1833, these as well as the dishes having been preserved b}' Mrs.
Slade. After spending the evening in an enjoyable manner, recall-
ing incidents and anecdotes of the past, the guests whose homes
were in the vicinity departed, leaving with Mr. and Mrs. Adams
their most eai'uest wishes that they might live in peace and happi-
ness until, on the seventy-fifth aniversar}', their diamond wedding
could be celebrated.
OUR PRESIDENTS.
The American Presidential line
Began in Seventeen Eighty-nine.
The roll was led by Washington,
Who served two terms, then Adams one ;
Jefferson, Madison and Monroe
Enjoyed two terms each, although
John Quincy Adams had but one.
"Old Hickory" twice the honor won;
Van Buren was the next enrolled,
One term the office he controlled.
Harrison died and left years four
For Tyler ; Polk the burden bore ;
Zach Taj'lor died in j'ears scai'ce two,
And Filmore filled the balance due.
The next for a full term was Pierce.
Buchanan has equal claims to verse.
Abe Lincoln, first republican,
Was shot as his second term began,
And Johnson ruled until came Grant,
Who had two terms, Hayes one and scant
Four months had Garfield, who was killed
And Arthur the vacant office filled.
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCJATTOy. 95
A NOTABLE ANCESTRY.
The following from Cooley's Weekly, published at Norwich, Conn.,
May 18th, 1884, refers to the family of Agent Wightman, of the
Humane Society : " A singular fact in connection with the history
of the First Baptist Church of Groton, is that for 137 of the years
of its existence the pastor has been one of the Wightman family.
The Rev. Valentine Wightman was its first pastor, serving forty-
two 3-ears, ending 1747, when he died. He was succeeded b^' his
son, Timothy Wightman, who served until his death in 1796.
John G. Wightman, a son of the above, next occupied the pulpit
until his death in 1841, and his grandson, Palmer Gr. Wightman,
was its pastor for the twelve years ending 1875. The first was a
descendant of Rev. Edward Wightman, the last Protestant clergy-
man who was burned at the stake during the reign of ' Bloody
Mary.' The above church, which is located in the village of
Mystic, is the oldest Baptist church in the State."
It will be remembered by many of our earl}- settlers that John
Wightman settled in pioneer days on a form located about half-
waj' between the then rival villages of Cleveland and Newburgh,
and on the road now known as Broadwa3^ He emigrated from
Connecticut, and settled on this farm, in 1811, and was a descend-
ant of one of the clergy-men who preached in that old church at
Mystic, Conn. He was born in 1787, and received a good common
school education, married Deborah C. Morgan in 1807, b}- whom
he had eight children. She died in 1827. He married a second
wife, Hannah Taylor, of Aurora, by whom he had one son, and
died in 1837. His second wife still survives him. He led an
honest, and industrious life, and, though often solicited, would
not accept a public office, except in one instance he consented to
serve as supervisor of highwaj-s.
He employed Dr. David Long, of Cleveland, as his family
physician, in whose skill he had entire confidence, and named one
of his sons b}' the first wife David Long Wightman, who is our
present well known D. L. Wightman, the efficient agent of the
" Humane Society" of Cleveland. It hardly need be added that
96 ANNALS OF THE
our genial fellow citizen D. L. "Wightman has inherited an hon-
ored name. He certainl}- deserves great credit for the faithful
manner in which he discharged for several years the responsible
duties of sheriff of the county, and for some years past the still more
responsible duties of agent for the Humane Societ}' — duties to
which he is still devoted. There can lie no more divine work than
that in which he is engaged. He devotes himself not onl}- to the
welfare of helpless humanity, but to the relief of the brute creation,
that cannot speak in words the miseries which they suffer at the
hands of their still more brutal masters. In his devotion to this
benevolent work Mr. Wightman discloses the •' divinity that stirs
within him," and sufficiently corroborates the truth of his divine
ancestry, or rather ancestry of divines.
It is to be hoped that the benevolent and humane work in which
Mr. D. L. Wightman is now employed, will continue to be appre-
ciated and liberally sustained by a generous public, and that the
sphere of his usefulness ma}- be enlarged.
OUR FIRST ATTEMPT AT RAILROAD BUILDING.
BY HON. JOHN AV. ALLEN.
Judge Griswold, in his annual address, published in this number
of the " Annals," has referred to the difficulty of starting our early
railroads, and it may seem a little curious at this day to see to
what devices the friends of the Cleveland and Columbus road had
to resort to get even the organization of a company in legal shape
for its construction.
The original charter required a subscription of $500,000, with a
down payment of $50,000 — then a meeting of the subscribers was
to be called for the election of officers and the complete machinery
of a corporation established. At this time the countrj- was on the
highest wave of what was supposed to be prosperity, but it
collapsed on a frosty morning in May 1837, and thousands of men
who got up rich went to bed bankrupt at night, the country was
strewed with wrecks from Maine to the Gulf of Mexico, and they
EARLY SETTLERS'' ASSOCIATION.
97
Avere not cleared off for years — nothing could be done with new
enterprises and little with old ones. — About 1843-'4-t the Whio-
tariff of 1842 began to bear fruit, and hopes of better times
increased, and the people " thanked God and took courage," as did
St. Paul when on his journe}' to Damascus he saw the threei
tavern signs on his road ahead. — At the session of 1845-'4(>
applications were made for several railroad charters between the
Lake and Columbus, which were granted and the $500,000 requisi.
tion for the road of the Cleveland company was reduced to $50,000
and the down payment to five per cent, on that sum, and commis-
sioners appointed for all of them. Thus in the Spring of 1846 there
were three or four rival projects for a road to Columbus from the
Lake, either in whole or part, but none of them were unfriendly to
Cleveland. AVe called a meeting of all the commissioners at
Mansfield, and at our request they all agreed to give us six months
to enable us to carry out our project, and if we were successful
they would rest quietly as to theirs. We went to work actively in
getting rights of way, surveying several lines in w^hole or part,
seeking subscriptions, collecting money by donations for expenses
etc., which we could get more readil}' than stock subscriptions, which
last were mostly subject to conditions. When the limitation
granted us was about expiring, we were not in a condition to
organize, and the writer of this went to Columbus to consult our
friends ; four of the most prominent men made this proposition,
that they would take one-half the required $50,000 and be directors
and that the writer should select four men at Cleveland and be
president, and that the}" should provide the other half of said sum
and that a call should be made for a meeting of the subscribers at
the earliest day admissible at Columbus, and that on the question
of calling for payments the writer should vote with them, and that
their checks in the Clinton Bank, for the five per cent., should
be held till tliey were ready to pay them.
The writer for himself agreed to this offer, came home, and
his associates here assented, and at the meeting called, the records
and papers showed a full compliance with the law, the officers were
chosen, a corporation was formed and out of these devices gi-ew
7
98 AXNALS OF THE
this road of great and immediate importance to Cleveland. The
xequisitions of the law were not complied with in spirit or fact, but
we made a good show on paper, nobody was hurt, nor was it meant
that anybody should be. As a matter of fact the subscriptions
and the Columbus checks were never paid specificall}', but the
makers aided in other waj's, and what finally became of their
subscriptions and checks never was known ; but probably they
were put in some packages where they should not have been put, by
accident, and now repose among the old packages of papers in the
compan3''s office.
In the light of much later events it is obvious that we were
decidedl}' verdant as railroad managers. In our ignorance and
honest simplicity we supposed it took mone}' to construct railroads,
and that the money must be furnished hy the projectors, and so it
was at that da}'. "We should have employed printers and engravers,
run a line or two, got estimates from some county surveyors?
ascertained that the cost would be, say five million dollars, issued
ten millions in bonds and used half in replenishing our own pockets,
then issued as large an ainount of common stock, and divided that,
finished the road after a fashion, declared one or two liberal
dividends, run the stock up to a high figure, and then sold out,
and if we could have swindled a few banks, so much the better,
and then emigrate to Canada or some other safe localit}'.
THE FARMERS' INN.
In the daj's of the early pioneers Paul P. Condit, of Euclid, was
known far and near as the popular landlord and proprietor of the
"Farmers' Inn." This inviting home of the wearj' traveler was
located on the Lake Shore road leading through Euclid from
Buflalo to Detroit.
There is much in the character and career of Mr. Condit, that is
not only interesting, but exemplary and worthy of record. Yet
the want of space in these pages forbids amplification. Mr.
Condit was born at Morristown, N. J., in 1784, and soon after com-
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. 99
pleting his education, and arriving at the age of manhood, visited
friends in Euclid, and liked the then "far west" so well that he
concluded to remain. He engaged in business with Enoch Murray,
a merchant at Euclid, and was emplo^-ed for some time in trans-
porting goods for his emplo3-er from Pittsburgh on pack-horses —
the usual method adopted in those early times. In 1816, he
married Phebe Mcllrath, a young lady of p]uclid, who possessed
just the amiable, patient, and yet efficient traits of character, that
are requisite in a wife destined to share the trials and hardships of
pioneer life. In 1819, Mr. Condit purchased 85 acres of land at
$3 per acre, on which he erected the " Farmers' Inn." He and his
wife took charge of the inn, or tavern as it was sometimes called,
and soon gave it a wide reputation for good cheer and ample fare,
and the result was, that inn received a liberal and a profitable
patronage. It was for many 3-ears the favorite resort not only of
travelers, but of social parties from the region round about. The
frank and pleasant manner in which guests were received at the
inn, and the generosity with which their wants were supplied, were
subjects of remark and general commendation. Mr. and Mrs.
Condit remained in charge of this inn for thirty* or more years, and
in addition to the care of providing for its numerous guests, raised
a family of children, five of whom still Survive. Mr. Condit died
in 1851, at the age of 67 years. He was a gentleman of unblem-
ished character, who enjoyed the confidence of the public and the
respect of his fellow citizens. For some years he held the office of
postmaster at Euclid, and also that of assessor. Whatever he
undertook to do, was faithfull}* done. He has left an honorable
record, and his memor}' will long be cherished.
Mrs. Condit, who still survives him. is now 87 years of age. She
€njo3'S excellent health, and is still possessed of sound mental
powers. She has performed in her day a great work, and is in fact
a remarkable woman. She was born at Morristown, N. J., in 1797,
came to Euclid in 1807, when but a child, with her father Andrew
Mcllrath, who settled here. It was at his house that the first
church in Euclid was organized. It was a Presbyterian Church,
and consisted of but twelve members when organized. Mr.
IQQ ANNALS OF THE
Andrew Mcllrath was a devout man, and did not think there could
exist a wholesome state of societ}- without the aid and influence of
a church and the promulgation of the Gospel. He furnished an
ancient silver-plated tankard, which had been brought over from
Scotland, and also plated cups which he purchased at Pittsburgh
for the communion service. Andrew was elected deacon. This
church still survives the man}- trials and vicissitudes through which
it has passed — a landmark of the pioneer days.
Mrs. Condit remembers vividl}' many incidents of interest con-
nected with her pioneer life. While mistress of the " Farmers'
Inn," she did nearly all the housework, cooking and getting meals
for travelers, washing and caring for her children, and spinning the
flax and wool required for clothing the family. In spinning she
says that she often made her wheel go with all the nois}- rapidit}- she
could, in order to drown the howl of the wolves and save her little
children from being scared by their dismal bowlings, especially in
the evening. At that early day tea cost 13 a pound, and was
brought from Pittsburgh in saddle-bags. It was used b}' the
famih' on extra occasions, Sundaj's. and washing days. We also
made the ink we used. It was simpl}- a decoction of maple bark and
copperas. We hunted along the bank of the lake, where we found
a supply of wild goose quills with which to write. We paid 25
cents postage on letters in those days. Aunt Shaw was mj' father's
sister. Mr. Shaw, her husband, was an Englishman highly
educated, who taught our school. It was he who endowed the old
academy known for man}' years as Shaw's Academy-. The church
that was first built and organized at Euclid was a log-building.
After some years it was replaced bj' a frame building with a
steeple, when people came from far and near to see a church that
had a steeple. It was the greatest marvel of the times. We
had to go to Willoughby to mill to get our breadstuffs ground.
It took three days to go and return, and was considered a hazard-
ous undertaking, owing to the condition of the roads. We
did not like the mill at Newburgh. My Aunt Shaw invited
compau}- one da}', and was expecting flour from the mill
in time to make a short-cake for her guests, but was.
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. ]^()]^
disappointed, and so slie stewed a pumpkin and flavored it in
'a way that made it a A^eiy good substitute for cake. She was a
very hospitable, social and cheerful lady, and by some of her pious
friends was thought to be rather too gay. She at one time attended
a ball, and ventured to indulge in dancing a figure or two. For
this she was called to an account by the church, and censured.
She had no children of her own, but her husband kept a hired bo}^,
w^ho at one time was verv anxious to attend a military muster or
general training, but could not go for the want of respectable
clothing. Aunt Shaw, in the kindness of her heart, put a piece
into the loom, wove it, and in the course of the following day,
furnished the lad with a new suit of becoming apparel which made
him ver}- happy and enabled him to go to the general training.
These are but few of the many iucedents of pioneer life which Mrs.
Condit remembers and delights to relate. Old as she is, she reads
the newspapers, keeps up with the times, and takes a deep interest
in politics and the welfare of our common country. She is one of
the few sincere, intelligent women of the carl}' times, who still
remain to tell the story of life's battle in the primitive wilds of the
Western Reserve.
IN MEMORIAM.
Another old pioneer of Cleveland has left us to join her kindred
who stand on the other side of the river to tender her a greeting of
love. Mrs. Catherine Spangler Lemen, an honored matron, who
has lived in Cleveland ever since it was a hamlet of a couple of
hundreds of inhabitants in 1815 — sixty-nine years ago — passed
away earl}' Monday morning, September 8th, 188-1, at the residence
of her son-in-low, George Howe, Esq. Her death will be mourned
by a large circle of friends who knew her onl}' to have the highest
esteem for her man}' amiable traits of character.
Mrs. Lemen was born in Canton, 0., in the year 1811. In 1815
her parents moved to Cleveland, where the whole family has
resided. Her father kept what was known in those good old days
as Spangler's tavern on the site of the Miller Block, next west of
;^Q2 ANNALS OF THE
the Excelsior building. In the j-ear 1827 Mrs. Lemen was married
to the late William Lemen, and shortly afterwards he erected on
the site of the Hoffman Block, opposite the postoffice, the famous
residence known as "the stone cottage." This beautiful cottage
was a well-known land mark on account of its unique stj'le of
architecture. It was one story high, with a front facing the
Square, of exactly the same width of the Hoffman Block, about sixty
feet. The roof extended over the front the entire length, and was
supported b}' eight beautiful stone columns. The cottage extended
the same distance on Superior street that the Hoffman Block does.
It was torn down about thirty j'ears ago, when the present block
was erected. The columns have been preserved and were used to
erect the Grecian temple now on the family lot in Lake View,
where the remains of Mrs. Lemen will be interred. For over a
quarter of a centurj' Mrs. Lemen presided in this cottage and
dispensed its well-known hospitality. ]Man3' regretted the removal
of that cottage, for it added much in its da^'s to the beaut}' of the
Square.
It is rare, indeed, that a person living in a hamlet of 200
inhabitants lives to see it blossom into a might}- and beautiful
cit}^ of 220,000 population. Such was the privilege Mrs. Lemen
had. It can be imagined how she could hardl}- realize the great
change that had occurred in the city in which she resided so long.
Soon none of the old settlers who were her cotemporaries will be
left to tell the story of the infancy of our magnificent city. Mrs.
Lemen was a lady of great benevolence of character, and, as a
life-long member of Trinity Church a most consistent Christian,
and was universally beloved by all who knew her. She left three
children, Mrs. William H. Sholl, Mrs. George Howe, and Mrs.
Walter Morison, of Columbus. She also left a brother, Miller M.
Spangler, Esq., of this cit}-, and two sisters, Mrs. J. K. Miller and
Miss Harriet Spangler. The late Basil Spangler was a brother of
Mrs. Lemen.
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION.
103
A COMPLETE LIST
MEMBERS OF THE ASSOCIATION,
Since its Organization, November 19th, 1879, to October 1st, 188Jf.
Total 591.
•
Came to
Name.
Where Born.
When.
Reserve. Died.
Abbey, Seth A.
New York,
1798
1831 1880
Ackley, J. M.
Ohio,
1835
1835
Adams, Darius
Ohio,
1810
1810
Adams, Mrs. Mary A.
Ohio,
1811
1811
Adams, W. K.
New York,
1812
1831 1882
Adams, S. E.
New York,
1818
1837
Adams, Mrs. S. E.
Vermont,
1819
1839
Adams, G. H.
England,
1821
1840
Adams, E. E.
Ohio,
1830
1830
Adams, Mrs. E. E.
Ohio,
1836
1836
Adams, CM.
Ohio,
1843
1843
Addison, H. M.
Ohio,
1818
1818
Aiken, Mrs. E. E.
New York,
1821
1835
Alleman, C. J.
Ohio,
1833
1833
Allen, J. W.
Connecticut,
1802
1825
Andrews, S. J.
Connecticut,
1801
1825 1880
Andrews, Mrs. J. A.
Ohio,
1816
1816
Angell, Greorge
Germany,
1830
1838
Anthony, Ambrose
Massachusetts,
1810
1834
Atwell, C. R.
New York,
1813
1817
Avery, Rev. J. T.
New York,
1810
1839
Babcock, Chas. H.
Connecticut,
1823
1834
Babcock, P. H.
Ohio,
1816
1816
Babcock, Mrs. P. H.
Ohio,
1841
1841
104
ANNALS OF THE
Bailej, Robert
Bailey, Jno. M.
Baldwin, Dudley
Baldwin, Mrs. Dudley
Baldwin, N. C.
Banton, Thomas
Barber, Mrs. J. T.
Barber, Josiah
Barnett, Jas.
Barnett, Mrs. M. H.
Barr, IMrs. Judge
Bartlett, Nicholas
Bauder, Levi
Bauder, L. F.
Beauston, Jno.
Beardsley, 1. L,
Beardsley, Mrs. I. L.
Beavis, B. R.
Beers, D. A.
Beers, L. F.
Belden, Mrs. Silas
Benedict, L. D.
Benhani. F. M.
Berg, Jno.
Beverlin, John
Beverlin, Mrs. Gr.
Bingham, Elijah
Bingham, Mrs. Elijah
Bingham, William
Bingham, E. Beardsley
Bishop, J. P.
Bishop, Mrs. E. W.
Blackwell, Benj. T.
Blair, Mary Jane
Blair, Elizabeth
Blish, Mrs. A. M.
Bliss, Stoughton
Blossom, H. C.
Bolton, Mrs. Judge
Borges, J. F.
Bosworth, Milo
Bosworth, Mrs. L,
Where Born.
When.
. Came to
Reserve. Died.
1820
1834
New York,
1835
New York,
1809
1819
Connecticut,
1802
1816
England,
1816
1832
New Hampshire,
1804
1818
Ohio,
1825
1825
New York,
1821
1826
Germany,
1822
1835
Connecticut,
1820
1.-37
Massachusetts,
1822
1833
New York,
1812
1834 1882
Ohio,
1840
1840
Scotland,
1810
1837
New York,
1819
1838
New York,
1821
1836
England,
1826
1834 1884
New Jersey,
1816
1818 1880
Ohio,
1823
1823
New York,
1808
1840
Vermont,
1827
1830
Connecticut,
1801
1811 . . .
Grermany,
1817
1842
Pennsylvania,
1813
1834
Ohio, '
1817
1842
New Hampshire,
New Hampshire,
Connecticut,
1800
1805
1816
1835 1881
1835 . . .
1836
Ohio,
1826
1826
Vermont,
1815
1836 1881
Ohio.
1821
1821
New York,
1808
1832
Ohio,
1818
1818
Ohio,
1820
1820
New York,
1826
1837
Ohio,
1823
1823
Ohio,
1822
1822 1883
1822
1810
1806
1833
Germany,
New York,
1835
184L
New York,
1828
1847
EA RL Y SETTLERS' ASSO CIA TION.
105
Caiue to
Name.
Where Born.
When.
Reserve.
"JBowler, N. P.
New York,
1820
1839
JBowler, William
New York,
1822
1833
Bi-ainard, Mrs. Stephen
Massachusetts,
1802
1815
:Brainard, G. W.
New Hampshire,
1827
1834
J^rainard, Mrs. (}. W.
Ohio,
1831
1831
Branch, Dr. D. G.
A^ermont,
1805
1833
Brayton, H. F.
New York,
1812
1836
Brett, J. W.
England,
1816
18:-;8
Brooks, 0. A,
Vermont,
1814
1834
Brooks, S. C.
Ohio,
1820
1820
JBrown, H.
Michigan,
1823
1837
Brown, Mrs. Hiram
England,
1822
1832
Buell, Anna M.
Ohio,
1837
1837
Buhrer, Stephen
Ohio,
1825
1844
-Buhrer, Mrs, Stephen
Germany,
1828
1840
Bull, L. S.
Connecticut,
1813
1820
Burgess, Catherine
New Jersey,
1800
1830
Burgess, Solon
"N'ermont,
1817
1819
Burgess. L. F.
Ohio,
1823
1823
Burke, 0. M.
Ohio,
1823
1823
-Burke, Thos.
New l^ork.
1832
1839
Burnham, Thos.
New Y'ork,
1808
1833
Burnham, Mrs. M. W.
Massachusetts.
1808
1838
Burnett, Mrs. F. M.
Ohio,
1832
1832
Burton, Mrs. Abby P.
Vermont,
1805
1824
Burton, Dr. E. D.
Ohio,
1825
1825
Burwell, G. P.
Connecticut,
1817
1830
Burvvell, Mrs. L. C.
Pennsylvania,
1820
1824
Bury, Theodore
New York,
1839
Butts, S. C.
New Y'ork,
1794
1840*
Butts, Bolivar
New Y'ork,
1826
1840
Byerly, Mrs. F. X.
Ohio,
1834
1834
Cahoon, Joel B.
New York,
1793
1810
Cahoon, Mrs. J. B.
Washington, D.C.
1810
1842
Callester, J. J.
Isle of Man,
1818
1842
Callester, Mrs. M.
Isle of Man,
1824
1828
Cannell, John S.
Isle of Man,
1801
1828
Canned, Thomas
Isle of Man,
1805
1834
Cannell, William
Isle of Man,
1811
1837
Cannon, Jas.
Isle of Man,
1814
1827
•Cannon, Jas. H., Sen.
Massachusetts,
1821
1833
Carlton, C. C.
Connecticut,
1812
1831
Died.
1880
1882
1884
106
ANNALS OF THE
Came to
Name.
Where Born.
When.
Reserve.
Died>
Carson, Marshall
New York,
1810
1834 1882
Carver, Stickney
New York.
1840
Case, Zophar
Ohio,
1804
1818 1884-
Champney, Mrs. J. P.
Massachusetts,
1824
1841
Chapman, G. L.
Connecticut,
1795
1819
Chapman, Mrs. G. L.
New Hampshire,
1805
1827
Chapman, H. M.
Ohio,
1830
1830
Chapman, Mrs. E. C.
Ohio,
1840
1840
Charles, J. S.
New York,
1818
1832
Christian, James
Isle of Man,
1810
1838
Clark, James F.
New York,
1809
1833 1884
Clark. E. A.
New York,
1825
1835
Clarke, Aaron
Connecticut,
1811
1832 1881
Clarke, Mrs. Aaron
Connecticut,
1818
1843
Cleveland, J. D.
New York,
1822
1835
Coakley, Mrs. Harriett
New Jersey,
1897
1814 1884
Coe, S. S.
1808
1837 ]
1814
883
Colahan, Samuel
Canada,
Colahan, Chas.
Ohio,
1836
1836
Condit, Mrs. Phebe
New Jersey,
1797
1807
Coon, John
New York,
1822
1837
Cook, W. P.
New York,
1825
1838
Cooley, liev. Lathrop
New York,
1821
1828
Corlett, John
Isle of Man,
1816
1836
Corlett, Thomas
Isle of Man,
1820
1827
Corlett, Wm. K.
Isle of Man,
1820
1837
Corlett, Mrs. M. H.
New York,
1829
1833
Cottrell, L. Dow
New York,
1811
1835
Cottrell, Mrs L. D.
New York,
1811
1833
Cowles, Edwin
Ohio,
1832
Cox, John
England,
1837
Cozad, Elias
New Jersey,
1790
1808 ]
1880
Crable, J no.
Germany,
1828
1833
Craw, William V.
New York,
1810
1832
Crawford, Lucian
Ohio,
1828
1828
Crawford, Mary E.
Ohio,
1834
1834
Cridlaud, E. J. H.
Ohio,
1825
1825
Crittenden, Mrs. M. A.
New York,
1802
1827
1882
Crocker, Mrs. D.
New York,
1796
1801
1881
Crosby, Thomas D.
Massachusetts,
1804
1811
Crosby, Mary A.
Ohio,
1813
1813
Cross, David W.
New York, •
1836
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION.
107
Came to
Name.
Where Born.
When.
Reserve.
Curtiss, Mary E.
Ohio,
1821
1842
Curtiss, L. W.
New York,
1817
1834
Curtis, Mrs. Samuel
England,
182-1
1830
Cushman, Mrs. H.
Ohio,
1820
1820
Cutter, 0. P.
Ohio,
1824
1824
Davidson, C. A.
Ohio,
1837
1837
Davidson, Mary E.
Ohio,
1839
1839
Davis, L. L.
Connecticut,
1793
1839
Davis, Mrs. Cynthia
Pennsylvania,
1818
1839
Davis, Alfred
Sweden,
1814
1838
Davis, Julia E.
Ohio,
1834
1834
Davis, Thomas
England,
1799
1819
Day, L. A.
Ohio,
1812
Degnou, Mrs. M. A.
New York,
1814
1837
Denham, J. L.
Scotland,
1810
1835
Deutzer, Daniel
Germany,
1815
1832
Denzer, Mrs. S.
England,
1824
1837
Detraer, G. H.
Germany,
1801
1835
Dibble, Lewis
New York,
1807
1812
Diebold, Fred.
Ohio,
1840
1840
Diemer, Peter
Germany,
1827
1840
Doau, John
New York,
1798
1801
Doan, C, L.
Doan, Mrs. C. L.
Connecticut,
1916
1834
Doan, Seth C.
Ohio,
1819
1819
Doan, W. H.
Ohio,
1828
1828
Doan, Mrs. W. H.
New York,
1833
1844
Doan, George
Ohio,
1828
1828
Doan, Norton
Ohio,
1831
1831
Doan, J. W.
Ohio,
1833
1833
Dockstader, C. J.
Ohio,
1838
1838
Dodge, H. H.
Ohio,
1810
1810
Dodge, George C.
Ohio/
1813
1813
Dodge, Mrs. G. C.
Vermont,
1817
1820
Dodge, Wilson S.
Ohio,
1839
1839
Dorsett, Jno. W.
England,
1822
1832
Douw, Mrs. Melissa
New York,
1809
1831
Dunham, D. B.
New York,
1831
Dunham, Jno. L.
Scotland,
1810
1835
Dunn, Mrs. E. Ann
England,
1806
1834
Dunn, Mrs. f]lizabeth
New York,
1828
18.34
Dutton, Dr. C. F.
New York,
1831
1837
1884-
1883.
1883-
108
ANNALS OF THE
Came to
Name.
AVhere Boru.
When.
Reserve. Died.
Duty, D, W.
New Hampshire,
180-4
1825
Eckermann, M.
Germany,
1808
1842
Eckermann, Caroliae
Germany,
1807
1842
Edwards, R.
Ohio,
1818
1818
Edwards, Mrs. S.
New York,
1819
183"0
Eddy, Mrs. J. Seidell
Ohio,
1835
1835
Elwell, J. J.
Ohio,
1820
1820
Emerson, Oliver
Maine,
1804
1821
Erwin, John
New York,
1808
1835
Farr, E. S.
Pennsylvania,
1805
1819
Ferris, William
Pennsylvania,
1808
1815
Ferris, Amanda
Vermont,
1808
1820
Fey, Frederick
Germany,
1810
1832 1883
Fish, Electa
New York,
1808
1811
Fitch, James
New York,
1821
1827
Fitch, J. W.
New- York,
1823
1826 1884
Flint, E. 8,
Ohio,
1819
1838
Flint, Mrs. E. 8.
New York,
1824
1830
Foljambe, Samuel
England,
1804
1824
Foot, John A.
Connecticut,
1803
1833
Foot, Mrs. John A.
Pennsylvania,
1816
1S32
Foot, A. E.
Connecticut,
1810
1830 1883
Ford, L. W.
Massachusetts,
1830
1841
Fuller, William
Connecticut,
1814
1836
Gage, D. W.
Ohio,
1825
1825
Gardner, A. S.
Vermont,
1809
1818
Gardner, Mrs. A. S.
Ohio,
1814
1814
Gardner, 0. S.
Ohio,
1840
1840
Gardner, George W.
Massachusetts,
1834
1837
Gates, -S. C.
New York,
1813
1824
Gaylord, E. F.
Connecticut,
1795
1834
Gaylord, Mrs. E. F.
New York,
1801
1834
Gaylord, H. C.
Connecticut,
1826
1834
Gay ton, Mrs. M. A.
England,
1808
1832
Gibbons, Mrs. M. B.
Ireland,
1829
1838
Gibbons, James
Ohio,
1840
1840
Giddings. Mrs. C. M.
Michigan,
1805
1827
Gill, Mrs. M. A.
Isle of Man,
1812
1827 " . . . .
Giffin, Mrs. J. W.
Vermont,
1816
1844
Gilbert, Mrs. Mary D.
Ohio,
1830
1830
Given, William
Ireland,
1819
1841
Given, Mrs. M. E.
Ohio,
1825
1825 1884
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION.
109
Came to
Name.
Where Born.
AVhen.
Reserve. Died.
Gleason, I. L.
Ohio,
1825
1825
Gleason, Mrs. I. L.
Ohio,
1832
1832
Glidden, Joseph
Vermont,
1810
1841
Goodwin, William
Ohio,
1838
1838
Gordon, Wm. J.
New Jersey,
1818
1835
Gorham, J. H.
Connecticut,
1807
1838 1881
Graham, Jlobert
Pennsylvania,
1814
1834
Granger, Mrs. Lucy
England,
1818
1832
Greene, S. C.
Ohio,
1822
1841
Greenhalgh, R.
England,
1828
1840
Griswold, S. 0.
Connecticut,
1823
1841
Hadlow, H. R.
England,
1808
1835
Hamlen, C. L.
Ohio.
1840
1840
Handerson, Mrs. H, F.
Ohio,
1834
1834
Handy, T. P.
New York,
1807
1832
Haltnorth, Mrs. G.
Prussia,
1819
1836
Hamilton, A. J.
Ohio,
1833
1833
Hamlin, C. A. J.
Connecticut,
1804
1816
Harbeck, John S.
New York,
1807
1840
Harper, E. R.
■ Ohio,
1812
1816
Harris, Mrs. J. A.
^Massachusetts,
1810
1837
Harris, B. C
Ohio,
1832
1832
Harris, B. E.
Ohio,
1838
1838
Hastings, S. L.
Massachusetts,
1813
1836
Hawkins, H. C.
Ohio,
1822
]822
Hayden, A. S.
Ohio,
1813
1835 1880-
Hayward, Wm. H.
Connecticut,
1822
1825
Heil, Henry
Germany,
1810
1832
Heisel, N.
Germany.
18iti
1834
Hendershot, Geo. B.
Ohio,
1826
1826
Henry. R. W.
New York,
1809
1818
Herrick, R. R.
New York,
1826
18.36
Hessenmueller, E.
Germany,
1836 1883
Hickox, Charles
Connecticut,
1810
1837
nickox, Frank F.
Ohio,
1844
1844
Hills, N. C.
A'ermout,
1805
1831
Hills, Mrs. N. C.
New York,
1811
1831
Hills, Chas. A.
England,
1818
1843
Hills, Mary
Scotland,
1821
1843
Hine, Henrietta
Ohio,
1810
1810
Hird, Thomas
England,
1808
1830
Hird, Mrs. Wm.
England,
181(3
1832
110
ANXALS OF THE
Came to
Name.
Where Born.
AVhen.
Reserve. Died
Hodge, 0. J.
New York,
1828
1837
Honeywell, Ezra,
New York,
1822
1831
Howard, A. D.
Connecticut,
1803
1834
Hough, Mary P.
Ohio,
1816
1816
House, Harriet
Connecticut,
1779
1818
House, Sam'l W.
Ohio,
1823
1823
House, Harriet F.
Ohio,
1826
1826
House, Martin
Ohio,
1835
] 835
House, Carolina M
Ohio,
1838
1838
Hubbell, H. S.
Ohio.
1832
1 832
Hubby, L. M.
New York,
1812
1 839
Hudson, Mrs. C. Ingersoll
Ohio,
1819
1819 • .
Hudson, W. P.
Ohio,
1820
1820
Hudson, I). D.
Pennsylvania,
1824
] 8:i7
Hughes, Arthur
A'ermont,
1807
1 840
Hushes, Mrs. Eliza
New York,
1814
1844
Hurlbut, Mrs. H. A.
Vermont,
1809
1834 1882
Hurl but, H. B.
New York,
1818
1836 1884
Hurlbut, 3Irs. H. B.
New Y'ork,
1818
1 836
Hutchins, John
Ohio,
1812
1812
Ingersoll, John
Ohio,
1824
1»24
Ine-ham, W. A.
1829
1832
1835
Jackson, Chas.
England,
Jaynes. Harris
Ohio,
1835
1 835
Jay red, Wm. H.
New Jersey,
1831
1833
Jewett. A. A.
1813
1821
1835
Johnson, W. C.
Connecticut.
Johnson, A. M.
Ohio,
1823
1823
Johnson, P. L.
Ohio,
1823
1823
Johnson, Mrs. L. D.
Ohio,
1825
1834
Johnson, Charlotte A.
Pennsylvania,
1818
1821
Johnson, Mrs. Mary R.
New York,
1822
1833
Johnson, Seth W.
Connecticut,
1811
1833
Jones. Geo. AV.
Connecticut,
1812
1820
Jones, jMrs. Mary A.
Ohio,
1813
1813
Jones, Thos., Jr.
England,
1821
1831
Jones, W. S.
Ohio,
1837
1837
Keller, Heury
Germany,
1810
1832
Keller, Elizabeth
Germany,
1817
1836
Kelly, Mrs. Moses
Connecticut,
1807
1839
Kelley, Horace
Ohio,
1819
1819
Kelsey, 3Irs. L. A.
Connecticut,
1806
1837
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION.
Ill
Name.
Where Born.
When.
Came to
Reserve. Died.
Kellogg. A.
Ohio,
1820
1820
Kellogg, Louisa
Ohio,
1821
1821
Kelly John
Kerr, Levi
Pennsylvania,
Ohio.
1809
1822
1832
1822
Kerruish, W. S.
Ohio,
1831
18H1
Keyser, James
New York,
1818
1 o32
Keyser, ]\Irs. James
Ohio,
1821
]821
Kingsbury, J as. W.
Ohio,
1813
1813 1881
Lamb, Mrs. D. W.
Massachusetts.
1837
Lathrop, C. L.
Connecticut,
1804
1831
Lathrop, W. A.
New Hampshire,
1813
1816
Layman, S. H.
Ohio,
1819
1831
Lee, Mrs. R.
Ohio,
1837
1837
Lemen, Catharine
Ohio,
1811
1815 1884
Leonard, Jarvis
Vermont,
1810
1834
Lewis, Chittenden
New York,
1300
1837
Lewis, Gr. F.
New York,
1822
1837
Lewis, 8anford J.
New York,
1823
1837 -1882
Long, Johu
England,
1810
1842
Lowman, Jacob,
1817
1832 1881
Lyon, S. S.
Connecticut,
1818
Lyon, Mrs. S. S.
Ohio,
1822
1822
Lyon, R. T.
Illinois.
1819
1824
Mackenzie, C. S.
Maryland,
1809
1836
Mallory, Daniel
Marble, Levi
New York,
New York,
1801
1820
1833
1S30
Marble, Henry
Vermont,
1811
1832
Marshall, George F.
New York,
1817
183(3
Marshall, Mrs. G. F.
New \'"ork.
1818
1842
Marshall, 1. H.
Ohio,
1822
Marshall, Daniel
New Y'ork,
1824
1811
JMarshall, Mrs. Daniel
A'ermont,
1830
1841
Martin, Eleanor L.
England,
1826
1832 .. .
Mather, Samuel H.
New Hampshire,
1813
1835
McCrosky. S. L. B.
Ohio,
1833
1833
Mcllrath, M. S.
Mcllrath, 0. P.
New Jersey,
Ohio,
1842
1842
Mcintosh, A.
Scotland,
1808
1836 1883
Mcintosh, Mrs. A.
Scotland,
1809
1836 - . .. .
McLeod, H. N.
Canada,
1831
1837
McKmstry, J. P.
McReynolds, Mrs. M. D.
Ohio,
Ohio,
1842
1842
112
Name.
McReynolds, Rev. A.
Meeker. S. C.
Merchant. Silas
Merkel, M.
Merkel, Mrs. M.
Merwin, George B.
Messer, J no.
Miles, Mrs. E.
Miles, Mrs. S. S.
Miller, AYm. L.
Miller, Mrs. M.
Miller, jMrs. Augusta
Minor, Marion
Morgan, Mrs. H. L.
Morgan, Y. L.
Morgan, Caleb
Morgan, E. P.
Morgan, I. A.
Morgan, A. W.
Morgan, Mrs. A. W.
Morgan, Mrs. N. G,
Morgan, H. L.
Morgan, Sarah H.
Morrill, Elisa
Moses, ]Mary A.
Murphy, William
Myer, Nicholas
Mygatt, George
Neff, Melchor
Newmark, S.
Norton, C. H.
Nott, C. C.
O'Brien, 0. D.
O'Brien, Delia R.
O'Brien, Sylvia M.
O'Connor, R.
Ogram, J. W.
Ogram, Mrs. J. W.
Outhwaite, Mrs. Jno.
Paddock; T. S.
Paine, R. F.
Palmer, Sophia
AA'A'ALS OF THE
Where Born.
When.
Came to
Reserve.
Ireland,
1805
1842
Ohio,
1820
1820
Ohio,
1826
1826
Germany,
Germany,
1818
18Z3
184U
1834
Connecticut,
1809
1816
Germany,
Ohio,
1822
1816
1840
1816
Ohio,
1820
1820
Ohio,
1829
1829
Ohio,
1809
1820
New York,
1835
1844
New York,
1825
1831
Massachusetts,
1820
1833
Connecticut,
1797
1811
Connecticut,
1799
1811
Connecticut,
1807
1840
Connecticut,
1809
1811
Ohio,
1815
1815
Ohio,
1821
1821
Ohio,
1815
1818
Ohio,
1832
1832
Ohio,
1838
1838
Vermont,
1811
1834
Ohio,
1818
1818
Ireland,
1810
1830
Germany,
1809
1834
Connecticut,
1797
1807
Germany,
Bavaria,
1826
1816
1834
1839
New York,
1805
1838
Connecticut,
1826
1835
Ohio,
1819
1819
Vermont,
1813
1817
Vermont,
1815
1835
Ohio,
1824
1824
England,
1820
Ohio,
1825
1825
Ohio,
1821
1821
New York,
1814
1836
New York,
1810
1815
Ohio,'
1818
1818
Died.-
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION.
ii:
Name.
Palmer, E. AV.
Palmei", J. D.
Paiikhurst, ]Mrs. Sarah
Pannell, James
Pannell, Mrs. James
Parker, Mrs. L. E.
Parker, M. C.
Parker, Heni'j
Payne, H. B.
Payne. IVIrs. H. B.
Payne, N. J*.
Pease, Samuel
Pease, Melissa
Pease, Charles
Pease, Mary E.
Pclton, F. W.
Penty, Thomas
Peterson, A. G.
Phillips, Mrs. Emily
Phillips, B. F.
Pier, Mrs. L. J.
Piper, A. J,
Pollock, John
Porter, L. Gr.
Prescott, James
Proudfoot, Jno.
Proudfoot, 1).
Punderson, D.
Qnayle. Thos.
Quayle, Thos. E.
Quayle, W. H.
Quayle, G. L.
Quinn, Arthur
Radcliff, Mary A.
Ranney, Mrs. Anne
Ranney, Ruf'us P.
Ranney, W. S.
Redington, J. A.
Redington, Mrs. 0.
Rees, Mrs. L. Elvira
Remington, S. Gr.
Rice, Harvey
Where Boru.
New York,
Connecticut,
England,
New York.
Massachusetts,
Ohio,
Connecticut,
Ohio,
New York,
Ohio,
Ohio,
JNIassachusetts,
Ohio,
Ohio,
Connecticut,
Connecticut,
England,
Ohio,
Ohio.
Ohio,
Ohio,
Vermont,
Ohio,
Massachusetts,
Massachusetts,
Scotland,
Scotland,
Ohio,
Isle of Man,
Ohio,
Ohio,
Ohio,
Ireland,
Isle of Man,
New York,
Massachusetts,
Ohio,
New York,
New York,
New York,
New York,
Massachusetts,
When.
1820
1831
1812
1812
1813
1809
1810
18 -'4
1810
1818
1837
1805
1810
1811
1810
1827
1820
18+3
1809
1833
1823
18U
1840
180(3
1826
1802
1809
1814
1836
1838
1842
1810
1822
1811
1813
1835
1818
1821
1834
1828
1800
Came to
Keserve.
1841
1835
1835
1832
1835
1809
1839
1829
1833
1818
1837
1828
1816
1835
1835
1835
1829
1843
1809
1833
1823
1839
1840
1826
1826
1842
1832
1814
1827
1836
1838
1842
1832
1826
1834
1824
1835
1839
1839
1835
1834
1824
Died.
L884
1883
114
ANNALS OF THE
Came to
Name.
Where Born.
When.
Reserve.
Rice. Mrs. Harvey
Vermont,
1812
1833
Rice, P. W.
Ohio,
1829
1829
Robison, J. P.
New York,
1811
1832
Rogers, C. C.
Ireland,
1813
1839
Ross, Mrs. Emeline
Connecticut,
1810
1814
Rouse, Rebecca E.
Massachusetts,
1799
1830
Rouse, B. F.
Massachusetts,
1824
1830
Rowley, Lucy A.
Connecticut,
1805
1827
Ruple, S. D.
Ohio,
1808
1808
Ruple, Mrs. Anna
Ohio,
1814
1814
Ruple, James R.
Ohio,
1810
1810
Ruple, Mrs. James. R.
Ohio,
1814
1814
Russell, C. L.
New York,
1810
1835
Russell, G-eorge H.
New York,
1817
1834
Sabin, William
New York,
1817
1839
Sabin, Mrs. Wm.
New York,
1821
1838
Sacket, Alex.
Pennsylvania,
1814
1835
Sacket, Mrs. Alex.
Ohio,
1815
1815
Sanford, Mrs. A. S.
Rhode Island,
1803
1825
Sanford, A. S.
Connecticut,
1805
1829
Sargent, C. H.
New York,
1819
1819
Sargent, John H.
New York,
1814
1818
Saxton, J. C.
Vermont,
1812
1818
Sax ton, Mrs. E. A.
Maine,
1821
1833
Schiely, Mrs. Anna
Germany,
1832
Scovill, Mrs. J. Bixby
Ohio,
1800
1816
Scovill, E. A.
Ohio,
1819
1819
Selden, N. D.
Connecticut,
1815
1831
Selden, Mrs. Elizabeth
Ohio,
1819
1819
Severance, S. L.
Ohio,
1834
1834
Severance, Mrs. M. H.
Ohio,
Sexton, Jehiel
1811
^Sharp, Clayton
Ohio,
1833
Shelden, S. H.
New York,
1813
1835
Shelley, John
England,
1815
1835
Shepard, D. A.
Connecticut,
18L0
1833
Shepard, Mrs. Wm.
Vermont,
1828
1835
Sherwin, Ahimaaz
Vermont,
1792
1818
Sherwin, Mrs. S. M.
New York,
1809
1827
Short, Lewis
Connecticut,
1811
1827
Short, Helen
New Hampshire,
1811
1828
Short, David
Connecticut,
1818
1827
Died.
1881
EA RL Y SETTLERS' A SSO CI A TION.
115
Name.
Where Born.
When.
Came to
Keserve.
Shunk, Mrs. A. H.
Ohio,
1824
1824
Silberg, F.
Germany,
1804
1834
Siniinoiis Isaac 15.
1806
1832
1836
Simmons, Thomas
Ohio,
1832
Skedd, W. V.
P]ngland,
1816
1833
Skinner, 0. B!
Ohio,
1831
1831
Slade. Samautha Doan
Ohio,
1817
1817
Slade, Horatio
England,
1827
1834
Slawson. J. L.
Michigan,
1806
1812
Smith, Erastus
Connecticut,
1790
1832
Smith, Erastus
Connecticut,
1802
1833
Smith, W. T.
New York,
1811
1836
Smith, ]Mrs. Wm.
1811
1821
1836
Smith, Elijali
Connecticut,
1832
Smith, Mrs. F. L.
Connecticut,
1836
Sorter, C. N.
New York,
1812
1831
Sorter, Harry
New York,
1820
1831
South worth, Mrs. E.
Connecticut,
1801
1819
Southworth, W. P.
Connecticut,
1819
1836
Spalding, R. P.
Massachusetts,
1798
1820
Spangler, Mrs. Elizabeth
Maryland,
1790
1820
Spangler, M. M.
Ohio,
1813
1820
Spangler, Mrs. M. N.
Canada,
1820
1835
Spayth, A.
Spencer, T. P.
Germany,
Connecticut,
1800
1811
1832
1832
Spring, V.
Massachusetts,
1799
1817
Stanley, G, A.
Connecticut,
1837
Stai-kweather, Mrs. Sam'l
Connecticut,
1810
1825
Stephenson, Wm.
Sterling, Dr. E. '
Pennsylvania,
Connecticut,
1804
1825
1833
1827
Stevens, C. C.
Maine,
1819
1833
Stewart, C. C. ■
Connecticut,
1817
1836
Steward, J. S.
Ohio,
1818
1818
Stickney, Mrs. C. B.
Stickney, Hamilton
Canada,
New York,
1836
1824
1836
1830
Stillman, W. H.
Connecticut,
1808
1833
Strickland, Mrs. H. W.
Ohio,
1834
Strickland, B.
A'^ermont,
1810
1835
Strong, Homer
Connecticut,
1811
1836
Strong, Charles H.
Ohio,
1831
1831
Taylor, Harvey
Taylor, Jas.
Ohio,
Ohio,
1814
1814
1814
1814
Died.
1882
1881
1880
1880
116
ANNALS OF THE
Came to
Name.
Where Born.
When.
Reserve.
Thomas, Jefferson
Ohio,
1809
1809
Thompson, Thos.
England,
1814
1836
Thompson, H. V.
New York,
1816
1839
Thompson, Mrs. H. V.
Vermont,
1823
1837
Tilden, D. JR.
Connecticut,
1806
1828
Townsend, H. G.
New York,
1812
1834
Truscott, Samuel
Canada,
1829
1838
Turner, S. W.
Connecticut,
1813
1832
Vincent, J. A.
Pennsylvania,
1807
1839
Wackerman, Wendell
Germany,
1817
1833
Wager, A. M.
New York,
1818
1819
Wager, I. D.
Ohio,
1820
1820
Walters, B. C.
New York,
1807
1837
Walters, John R.
New York,
1811
1834
Walworth, John
Ohio,
1821
1821
Warner, W. J.
Vermont,
1808
1831
Warren, Moses
Connecticut,
1803
1815
Warren, Mrs. J. Y.
New York,
1816
1816
Warren, Mrs. AVm. H.
New York,
1819
1833
Waterman, Wm.
Ohio,
1818
1818
Wattersou, Jno. T.
Ohio,
1828
1828
Watterson, Mrs. M.
New York,
1828
1829
Watkins, George
Connecticut,
1812
1818
Weidenkopf, Mi's. Celia
K. Germany,
1832
1838
Weidenkopf, F.
Germany,
1819
1837
Weidenkopf, Mrs. 0.
Alsace,
1819
1830
Weidenkopf, Jacob
Germany,
1828
1837
Welch, 0. F.
1800
1817
Welch, John
New York,
1825
Welch, Jas. S.
Ohio,
1821
1821
Wellstead, Joseph
England,
1817
1837
Welton, F. J.
Wemple, Myndret
New York,
1796
1818
Weston, George B.
Massachusetts,
1805
1826
Wheller, Jane
England,
1831
Wheller, B. S.
England,
1836
Whipple, Mrs. E. B.
New York,
isis
1844
Whitaker, Charles
New York,
1817
1831
White, Moses
Massachusetts,
1791
1816
Whitelaw, George
Scotland,
1808
1832
Whittlesey, H. S.
Ohio,
1836
1836
Wick, C. C.
Ohio,
1813
1835
Died.
1884
1883
1881
£AIiLY HETTLERS' ASSOCIATION.
117
Came to
Name.
Wliere Bom.
When.
Reserve.
Died.
Wightman, D. L.
Ohio,
1817
1817
Wightman, Mrs. 1). L.
Ohio,
1822
1822
Wightman, S. H.
Ohio,
1819
1819
Wightman, Mrs. Sarah L.
Ohio,
1824
1824
Williams, George
Connecticut,
1799
1833
Williams, William
Connecticut,
1803
1836
Williams, Jno.
England,
1817
1832
Williams, A. J.
New York,
1829
1840
Williams, Mrs. Elizabeth
New York,
1812
1833
Williamson, Samuel
Pennsylvania,
1808
1810
1884
Wilcox, Norman
Connecticut,
1793
1829
Willson, Mrs. H. V.
Michigan,
1802
1835
1884
Wilson, Fred.
New York,
1807
1832
Wilson, William
Ohio,
1819
1819
Wilson, Jas. T.
Ohio,
1828
1840
Winch, Thomas
New York,
1806
1832
Winslow, E. N.
North Carolina,
1824
1830
Wood, H. B.
New York,
1813
1817
Wood, Mrs. D. L.
1821
1840
Wood, Mrs. M. S.
Michigan,
Younglove, M. C.
New York,
1836
SUMMARY.
Total number of Members, c 591
Died • 52
Living; 539
\lg ANNALS OP THE
HONORARY MEMBERS.
Garfield, James A. — Late President of the United States; born at
Orange, 0., 1831 ; came to the Western Reserve, 1831 ; died, 1881;
home at Mentor, 0.
Garfield, Mrs. Lucretia R. — Wife of the late President Garfield; born
in Ohio, 1832 ; came to the Reserve, 1832 ; home at Mentor, 0.
Garfield, Mrs. Eliza B. — ^Mother of the late President Garfield; born
in Connecticut, 1801 ; came to the Reserve, 1830 ; home at Men-
tor, 0.
HoADLY, George. — Governor of Ohio; born in Connecticut, 182G; came
to the Reserve, 1830 , home at Cincinnati, 0.
Wood, Mrs. Mary. — Wife of the late Governor Wood; born in Vermont,
1798 ; came to the Reserve in 1818 ; home at Rockport, O.
Taylor, Ho^^ Lester. — Born in Connecticut, 1798; came to the Reserve
in 1819J home at Claridon, 0.
Edwards, Hon. Jno. M. — Born in Connecticut, 1805; came to the
Reserve in 1832; home at Youngstown, 0.
BissELL, Rev. Samuel. — Born in Massachusetts, 1797; came to the
Rererve, 1806; home at Twinsburg, 0.
BoLLES, Rev. Dr. Jas. A. — Born in Connecticut, 1810; came to the
Reserve, 1854; home at Cleveland, O.
Crosby, Chas. — Born in Massachusetts, 1801 . came to the Reserve, 1832;
home at Chicago, 111.
Greex, Rev. Almon. — Born in Connecticut, 1808 ; came to the Reserve,
1810; home at East Cleveland, 0.
Beebe, Laurel.— Born in Connecticut, 1809; came to the Reserve, 1818;
home at Ridgeville, 0.
PuNDERSoN, Daniel. — Born in Ohio, 1814; came to the Reserve, 1814;
home at Newbury, O.
Total, 13
Died, 1
Living, 12
EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION. HQ
CONSTITUTION
AS AMENDED AT THE ANNUAL MEETING OF 1883.
/ ARTICLE I.
This Association shall be known as the " Early Settlers'
Association of Cuyahoga County," and its members shall
consist of such persons as have resided in the Western Reserve at
least forty years, and are citizens of Cuyahoga County, and who
shall subscribe to this Constitution and pay a membership fee of
one dollar, but shall not be subject to further liability, except that
after one 3'ear from the payment of such membership fee, a con-
tribution of one dollar will be expected from each member, who is
able to contribute to the same, to be paid to the Treasurer at every
annual re-union of the Association, and applied in defraying
necessary expenses.
article II.
The officers of this Association shall consist of a President,
two Vice-Presidents, Secretary and Treasurer, with the addition of
an Executive Committee of not less than five persons, all of which
ofl^cers shall be members of the Association and hold their offices
for one year, and until their successors are dul}^ appointed and
they accept their appointments.
ARTICLE III.
The object of the Association shall be to meet in convention on
the 22d of July, or the following day if the 22d fall on Sunday,
each and every year, for the purpose of commemorating the day
with appropriate public exercises, and bringing the members
into more intimate social relations, and collecting all such facts,
incidents, relics, and personal reminiscences respecting the early
histor}' and settlement of the County and other parts of the
Western Reserve, as may be regarded of permanent value, and
transferring the same to the Western Reserve Historical Society
for preservation ; and also for the further purpose of electing
officers and transacting such other business of the Association as
may be required.
J20 ANXAJ.S OF THE EARLY SETTLERS' ASSOCIATION.
ARTICLE IV.
It shall be the duty of the President to preside at public meetings
of the Association, and in his absence the like dut}^ shall devolve
upon one of the Vice-Presidents. The Secretary shall record in a
book provided for the purpose the proceedings of the Association,
the names of the members in alphabetical order, with the ages and
time of residence at the date of becoming members, and conduct
the necessar}^ correspondence of the Association. He , -'' ^'
be regarded as an additional member, ex-officio, of the
Committee, and may consult with them but have no vo' : '^ The
Treasurer shall receive and pay out all the moneys belonging to the
Association, but no moneys shall be paid out except on the joint
order of the Chairman of the Executive Committee and Secretary
of the Association. No debt shall be incurred against the
Association b}' an}- officer or member be3'ond its ready means of
payment.
ARTICLE V.
The Executive Committee shall have the general supervision
and direction of the affairs of the Association, designate the hour
and place of holding its annual meetings, and publish due notice
thereof, with a programme of exercises. The committee shall also
have power to fill vacancies that may occur in their own bod}' or
in an}" other office of the Association, until the Association at a
regular meeting shall fill the same, and shall appoint such number
of subordinate committees as they may deem expedient. It shall
also be their duty to report to the Association at its regular annual
meetings the condition of its affairs, its success and prospects,
with such other matter as they may deem important. They shall
also see that the annual proceedings of the Association, including
such other valuable information as they may have received, are
properly prepared and published in pamphlet form, and gratui-
tousl}' distributed to the members of the Association, as soon as
practicable after each annual meeting.
ARTICLE VI.
At any annual or special meeting of the Association the
presence of twenty members shall constitute a quorum. No
special meetings shall be held, except for business purposes and
on call of the Executive Committee. This Constitution ma}- be
altered or amended at any regular annual meeting of the Associa-
tion on a three-fourths vote of all the members present, and shall
take effect, as amended, from the date of its adoption.
5424
*^Mt
