TWENTY-NINTH
ANNUAL REPOET.
1881
[Document 97 — 1881.]
CITY OF mlm BOSTON.
TWENTY-NINTH ANNUAL EEPORT
OF THE
Trustees of the Public Library.
18 8 1.
[A.]
The Trustees have the honor to present to the City Council
their twenty-ninth annual report, it being the third made
under their Act of Incorporation, and comprising general and
special details of the condition of the Library for the year
ending the 30th of April last.
The reports of the Examining Committee and of the Libra-
rian form part of this document.
In view of the amount of labor required to make even a
cursory investigation of the various departments of the insti-
tution, it was deemed advisable to appoint a larger committee
than heretofore had served, and to increase its number, with
the chairman, to ten members. It consists for the present
year of Howard P. Arnold, Esq., Henry P. Bowditch,
M.D., Mrs. Ednah D. Cheney, George E. Ellis, D.D.,
Edward J. Holmes, Esq., Mrs. Charles C. Smith, Edwin P.
Seaver, Esq., Hon. Darwin S. Ware, William C. Williamson,
Esq., with Professor Henry W. Haynes, of the Board of
Trustees, as chairman. It should be remarked that the
chairman takes no part in the discussions of the committee,
but it is his duty to aid the members to ascertain such facts
as are desired relative to the actual condition of all the vari-
ous ramifications of its adminstration as may be necessary in
their opinion to form an intelligent judgment upon the state
of the institution, its wants, and its relations to the commu-
nity.
2 City Docuivient No. 97.
No Examining Committee within the remembrance of the
recent Board of Trustees has bestowed so much continuous time
and service in the execution of their duties as have been given
during the present year. In understanding fully the working
of any great social institution two views must naturally be
taken : the one, by those standing within, and controlling
day by day the management and apparent results of the dif-
ferent anns of administration ; the other, by those standing
without, and looking at these operations from a diiferent
and opposite post of observation, with an intent to inspect
the value of the results and the adequacy of each portion of
the system which produced them. Each view naturally
embraces points not directly within sight of the other. Their
report covers a large field, and embraces more questions
of interest than have beeii undertaken by preceding com-
mittees. Many of the suggestions made are so eminently
practical that they will doubtless meet with the full assent
of the Board of Trustees, and all of them will receive careful
consideration. Their forcible presentation of the necessity
of a new building for the invalual)le stores of the Bates Hall
Library should arrest public attention. The judicial exami-
nation of the catalogue question is commended to so-called
experts upon that vexed subject.
The report of the Librarian gives the administrative system
of the Library so clear an exposition in its details and results
that no reader can fail to see with what earnest devotion the
executive officer of the institution is attending to the details
of his ofiice. At no time has each department been more
conscientiously overseen and no better work has been done by
its industrious force. His statement will be found fuller in the
collection of the various items of administrative control than
has heretofore been given to the public. Particular atten-
tion will naturally be paid to that portion of the work of
circulation which relates to improvement of reading and to the
relation of the Library to the su})plemental education of the
schools, which will indicate to the great body of parents and
teachers that the institution is fully cognizant of the manner in
which its best influences may be exerted for the young, with-
out the ability on its own part to furnish text-books from its
own funds.
A New Building.
A year has now passed since the Commonwealth of Massa-
chusetts, by the vote of its enlightened Legislature, Avisely gave
to the City of Boston, for the use of the Public Library, a
valuable estate on Dartmouth and Bojdston streets, upon the
condition that an edifice should be begun in three years from
Public Library. 3
the passage of the act. We have now entered upon the second
year, and the Trustees of the Library have asked permission of
the City Government to allow the services of the experienced
Architect of the city to be retained in consultation with the
Board of Trustees, in devising and drawing the plan and
estimates to be submitted to the approval of the Council for
a suitable fire-proof building, conformed to the exigencies of
the Library, and to the convenience of students. A building
constructed for library uses at the present day, and contain-
ing within its walls a collection of such great value, and whose
riches are destined to increase year by year, must be built
m the most improved form, and fashioned to meet, so far
as is practicable, the future necessities of such an institution.
For the preparatory work considerable time is requisite.
The most conveniently arranged buildings recently con-
structed for this purpose must be carefully studied, and
thoughtful provision must be made for the peculiar needs of
this collection, as distinct in its public relations from other
reference, educational, and scientific libraries. No elegant
edifice is to be designed in which the books are to be depos-
ited in conformity to the architectural or ornamental struct-
ure of the building ; but it should be erected over the
books, the arrangement and classification of which for con-
venience of use must determine the form and details of its
great hall, in which they must necessarily be stored, and
thus outline the walls of the building. The other conditions
of the Library can be easily fashioned to conform to this first
necessity. Provision can be made in other stories for
rooms for special collections already given to the Library,
and not classified in its general system of arrangement ; for
the receiving department ; for ofiices for the Librarian and his
immediate stafl"; for the catalogue department, adjacent to the
quarters assigned to the great card catalogue, freely accessible
to public use ; for the student, who makes the Library his
workshop, and gives his time at the Library to the prosecu-
tion of studies which cannot be so fully arranged elsewhere ;
for sufficient heating without injury to the books ; for
suitable light and thorough ventilation. There are other points,
not necessary to be specified here, which aflbrd a basis of
research and study on the part of the architect for which the
interval of time before the expiration of its limits hardly
suffices for adequate preparation. The Boylston-street struct-
ure is one of the ornaments of the city, externally and
internally, but is a signal instance of inconvenient and costly
construction. It was, however, built upon such information
and knowledge as were accessible at the time, and has
furnished the general model for other large libraries in this
City Document No. 97.
country. But the theories upon which it was based have
not withstood the proof of service. Its adaptation to its
theoretic uses has been entirely insufficient. In one point,
and that not the least important, it did honor to the public
spirit which intended that the best should be done, and
contributed the means for its erection. No similar edifice
can meet the present and coming wants of the institution,
and it is to be hoped that none such will be attempted.
The Library and Its Work for the Year.
The summary of the extent of the Library collections, and
their work for the past year, is herewith presented. Such
comments as appear to be needed are subsequently added.
The afforreffate number of volumes embraced in the Bates Hall
collection is 244,946 ; in the Lower Hall, 38,073 ; in the
branches, 108,319, making a total of 391,338, — a net in-
crease for the year of 14,113 volumes, or 3^'''^ per cent.
The whole number of days on which the libraries were
open were 305, with the exception of East Boston and
Charlestown.
The use of the books for the year shows a decrease of
91,640 volumes taken from the shelves, amounting in
1879-80 to 1,156,721, and in 1880-81 to 1,065,081, as
shown in the following table, from which the collections
(comprising 15,941 vols., 12,477 vols.), in the basement of
the Boylston-street building are excluded : —
Name of Library.
Lower Hall . . . .
East Boston . . . .
South Roston . . .
Roxbury
Charlestown ....
Brighton
Dorchester . . . .
South End
Jamaica Plain . . .
West Roxbury . . .
Bates Hall
Fellowes Athcnseum
No. of Vols
April 30,
1880.
36,861
10,605
9,633
12,228
22,059
12,970
10,085
9,498
7,811
3,068
134,818
220,683
5,005
360,506
In Use,
1879-80.
316,517
108,201
143,570
107,083
74,748
27,980
56,716
79,291
54,626
968,732
170,142
17,847
,156,721
No. of Vols,
April 30,
1881.
38,073
10,815
9,984
12,702
23,202
13,087
10,597
9,507
8,238
3,069
139,274
229,005
7,118
375,397
In Use,
1880-81.
266,863
101,118
132,858
94,743
80,822
28,177
55,188
73,962
50,108
883,839
165,373
15,869
1,065,081
Public Library. 5
The most striking result of this table is shown in the dimi-
nution of use, amounting to nearly eight per cent. For this
various reasons may be assigned. The falling off began after
the year 1878, when the maximum figures 1,183,991 were
obtained. From this date several causes have been in opera-
tion, some of which have been noted before in the reports of
the Trustees, and have affected the use of the books, espe-
cially in the popular libraries. Any diminution of the pro-
portion of fiction, especially of that recently printed, produces
a similar reduction in the number of patrons of the shelves.^
The number of books lost is proportionately less than for
many years. Last year only one volume was unaccounted for
in every 11,122 loaned, while for the year just closed only
one is missing from every 12,104 circulated, — a total of 88
are gone, 52 volumes from the Boylston-street Library, and the
remaining 36 from the Branches, with the exception of Dor-
chester, from which no book was lost.
The record of the use of periodicals at the Central Library
and four Branches shows a delivery of 520,672 as against
481,901 during the previous year. Notwithstanding the lim-
ited accommodations in Boylston street for its numerous visit-
ors, it furnished its readers with 400,357 periodicals, — a gain
on the issues of 1879-80 of nearly 45,000. This does not
include the higher order of serials and the transactions of
societies, which are kept in Bates Hall.
The whole number of volumes sent to be bound were
16,501. Of these 6,354 went to outside binderies. The
work done by this department of the institution still retains
the high character which it has gained in former years.
The Branches.
The eight Branches of the Library were established between
the years 1871 and 1878. Those of Charlestown and Brighton
were acquired by annexation of these districts, and the others
were founded by the city. They now contain, irrespective
of the Fellowes Athenfeum, 101,201 volumes; with the
exception of Charlestown, which was provided with a new
catalogue, their circulation has felt in degree the same influ-
ences which have curtailed the use of the Lower Hall Library
in Boylston street. Their total issues were 616,976 against
652,215 volumes of the previous year, or a diminution of
^T% P^i' cent. ; and this result is reached, notwithstanding
the average of fiction in the Branches is about 3 per cent,
less than in the popular library in Boylston street.
1 Fuller details upon this point will be found in the Report of the Librarian.
6 City Document No. 97.
During the coming year it is proposed to extend to the
Branches a system of help to readers similar to that which
has been so successful in the Central Library, and also to print
lists of good books suitable for perusal for the young, which
will be of great service to parents who overlook or who
desire to have some voice in the selections for home perusal
made by their children.
The expense of the circulation of the books in the Branches,
including salaries, cost of new books, and general expenses,
amounted during the previous year to $30,957.83 against an
issue of 652,215 volumes, or an average 4^^^^ cents per
volume. For the present year the loan of 616,976 books
foots up for the same items $28,118.79, or 4^Yo cents per
volume. For the coming year, with the establishment of the
South End Branch in more commodious quarters, and with
the expenditure for its catalogue, as well as a new one for the
Dorchester Branch, this average expenditure will probably be
exceeded.
The Catalogues.
But little is to be added to the presentation of the case
given in the last report of the Trustees. For the detail of
this branch of the Library service reference should be made
to the report of Mr. Whitney, the head of the department, to
be found in the report of the Librarian. The Visiting Com-
mittee, in their report, have given a full examination to the
merits of the case, and their conclusions will be carefully
weighed.
• During the year large progress has been made in preparing
for the press the Catalogue of the remainder of the Barton
Library not yet printed, comprising the miscellaneous portion,
and making about 10,000 volumes. The thorough character of
the work done by Mr. A. M. Knapp and Mr. Jose F. Carret
will ensure the most rapid progress, consistent with accuracy,
when placed in the hands of the printer. As the publication
of this Catalogue formed part of the contract of the city in
its purchase of the collection, the Trustees feel that it is
quite time that an end of the extended time should be within
reasonable sight.
The Contents of the Public Library.
In the last twenty-nine years there has been gathered in
the Public Library of Boston and its Branches, the largest
collection of books, under one administration, upon this con-
tinent. It was originally formed as supplementary to the
teaching of the public schools, but by the generosity of the
Public Library. 7
donors of the various trust funds it has become an institution
containing probably the largest number of educational books,
as well as those of great interest and importance, in the
country, covering the needs of the whole people, and propor-
tionably useful to the lowest as to the highest intelligences.
In this respect it differs from the other great collections, no
less than in the freedom wath wdiich the various classes of
books are loaned. It is now a Library for the whole people,
and covers the great field depicted as probable in the first
report of the Trustees in 1852.
It is important to refer to that prophetic outlook in order
that the progress of the institution may be understood, and
to show how it has grown up to its present magnitude upon
the lines originally foreshadowed.
In the establishment of such a Library a beginning should be made,
we think, without any sharply defined or settled plan, so as to be
governed by circumstances as they may arise. The commencement
should be made, of preference, in a very unpretending manner ; erecting
no new building, and making no sliow ; but spending such money as
may be appropriated for the purpose chietly on books that are known
to be really wanted, rather than on such as will make an imposing, a
scientific, and a learned collection ; trusting most confidently that such
a Library, in the long run, will contain all that anybody can reasonably
ask of it. For, to begin l^y making it a really useful Library by
awakening a general interest in it as a City Institution, important to the
whole people, a pai*t of their education, and an element of their happiness
and prosperity, is the surest ivaij to make it at last a great and rich Library
for men of science, statesmen, and scholars, as well as for the great body
of the people, many of whom are always successfully struggling up to
honorable distinctions, and all of whom should be encouraged and helped
to do it. — p. 19.
In fact, so wise in forecast as to the future conditions of
administration and supply of books to be probably met,
the report of 1852, of which this portion was from the
hand of Mr. Ticknor (pp. 9 to 21), attracted universal atten-
tion at the time, and deserves to be often read by those who
are watching the progress of the institution and the multitu-
dinous aims which have since been naturally developed. As
it was, the City of Boston being in negotiation for a loan in
London, the Mayor, Mr. Seaver, sent, with other City
Documents, showing what the city was doing, across the-
water, to the great house of Baring Bros. & Co., of which Mr.
Joshua Bates was the head, a copy of this document
relating to the Library. This gentleman, in consequence,
became so much interested in the scheme that he estalilished
the institution on a firm foundation by the presentation of
$50,000 for a trust-fund, the income of which was to be
expended in the purchase of "books of permanent value,"
and subsequently by the purchase of books, to the amount of
8 City Document No. 97.
$50,000, of such high cost and intrinsic value, and beyond the
means of any ordinary income, as made it, according to the
words of Mr. Ticknor, quoted above, " a great and rich Library
for men of science, statesmen, and scholars." Other generous '
citizens, whose names are well known to every Bostonian, gave
special funds to be used for the same grand purpose. The
Bigelow Fund of $1,000, previously given by Mr. John P.
Bigelow, was the first money given to the institution, but of
which Mr. Bates had never heard at the time of his first
oflering. These funds now amount to $116,600, and yield
an income of $6,940 per annum, which is devoted to books
of permanent value.
Besides the works purchased with the income of those
funds, great benefactions of books have been made to the
Bates Hall collection, not only in whole libraries given or
bequeathed to it, but in thousands of volumes, the result of
individual interest and generosity ; the total of these benefac-
tions in 29 years amounts to 143,730 volumes, without any
count of the acquisition from the income of the trust-funds
as presented by the donors. Bates Hall has reaped the
benefits of the larger portion of these gifts ; but the Charles-
town Li1)rary has a considerable fund of its own ; the Roxbury
Branch (Fellowes Athenwum) has had a valuable bequest
during the past year from the estate of Mrs. Bartlett, of 1,045
volumes. There has also been added to the Green Fund $500,
the whole income of which has been devoted by its generous
founder (S. A. Green, M.D.) to the purchase of books
relating to American History.
This is now a great Library. While eml)racing within its
treasures the widely extended stores of ancient and modern
learning, the acquisitions of science in its progressive march,
and the best literature in our native as well as in foreign
languages, it must also in its onward progress be a reflex of
each decade of time in sufficient copiousness for the student
of history and manners. While the works of interest to-day
will to a large extent be superseded by the literature of
twenty years hence, the Library would not be complete
which did not include, in due proportion, the thought,
movement, imagination, fancy, and possibly errors, of each
successive generation.
Fiction in the Popular Libraries.
The great question of the due proportion of fiction and
juveniles necessary to constitute a popular library, educational
in its tone and effect, has from the beginning given much
thought and anxiety to the Trustees. It was evident that no
Public Library. 9
immoral book should be procured for circulation, and none
has ever been put into public use with the knowledge of the
Trustees.
In the report of 1852 it is stated that "when such a taste
for books has once been formed by these lighter pul)lications,
then the older and more settled works in biography, in his-
tory, and in the graver departments of knowledge, will be
demanded. That such a taste can be excited by such means
is proved from the course taken, in obedience to the dictates
of their own interest, by the publishers of popular litera-
ture of the time during the last twenty or thirty years.
The Harpers and others began chiefly with new novels and
other books of little value. What they printed, hoM^ever,
was eagerly bought and read, because it w^as cheap and
agreeable, if nothing else. A. habit of reading was thus
formed."
As early as the year 1867 it w^as evident that a large por-
tion of the intellectual as well as imaginative power of the
time was finding its vent in fiction, magazines, and the news-
papers. This power has developed itself with increased
energy year by year. While the production of solid books
slowly and gradually moved forw^ard with the improvement
of classical learning, historical investigation, and scientific
research, the literature of the day has received a prodigious
impulse. No public Library has the means, if it has the
desire, to keep pace with it, by the purchase of suflicient
quantities to satisfy popular demand.
The whole question of the uses of fiction is one upon
which the most diverse opinions are entertained. The cynic
or ideal philanthropist or impracticable reformer regards
every novel as immoral ; while, on the other hand, Sunday-
schools and religious associations look to important aid
from the fiction contained in their libraries. Some of the
most important lessons taught in the Scriptures are in the
form of fiction. Prose fiction covers the widest possible
extent in the field of belles-lettres. In its more instructive
form it teaches lessons in history, geography, the natural
sciences, general knowledge, biography, the life and customs
of different ages and people ; while in the more popular
forms it depicts the manners which illustrate the social con-
dition of the times, and shows what human nature is in all
its possible variations. The latter forms the class of books
most to be dreaded, for it includes books of the most
elevated tone, but also sensational and immature stories, such
as do not harm morally, and can only be read with any
possible advantage by the most uneducated class of readers.
The choice or selection of books of this degree forms one
10 City Document No. 97.
of the most prominent diflSculties in the administration of a
free public Library, from which every tax-payer has the
right to expect the purchase of books which will tend to
what he considers to be his advantage. It is evident, how-
ever, that the proportion of this class should be very small in
any well-regulated library.
The Trustees have recently been charged with wilfully or
ignorantly consenting to the circulation of immoral litera-
ture. The only definition which the author of the charge
gives of his meaning is by referring to books written by such
writers as Rhoda Broughton, Annie Thomas, Mrs. Ross
Church (Florence Marryat), Mrs. Annie Edwards, Helen
Mathers, Mrs. Forrester, Edmund Yates, Jessie Fothergill,
J. P. Story, Edgar Fawcett, and Mrs. C. F. Corbin. It is
obviously impossible, as it would be highly improper, for the
Trustees to exclude such authors as these, whose works are
read in every circle of society, and which the public, who are
taxed to support the institution, demand. While they carefully
exclude from circulation, especially among the young, all
books of an immoral influence, they do not consider them-
selves in the position of parents, or guardians to the commu-
nity, bound to select for it only such books as suit their own
tastes. The argument of Milton, in his Areopagitica, against
a censorship of books largely applies to the present question.
He opposes the prohibition of books which might possibly be
injurious, on the ground that it is not the intention of the
Almighty to place us in a world from which all temptation is,
excluded. Any standard of taste that would deprive the
Public Library of such books as Jane Eyre, Adam Bede, and
the Scarlet Letter, would not satisfy the just demands of the
community. Every reader of English literature will require
copies of the works of Fielding, Smollett, Swift, Richard-
son, and other classic authors of like character, as a necessary
portion of a general Library ; but their use in this institution
is limited to those of mature years. No volume of fiction
that represented a world of fair weather and blue skies, with
no sickness or sufiering, with no vice or crime, could give
any faithful picture of life. The immoral work represents
vice and crime in attractive colors, with highly- wrought de-
tails, calculated to inflame the imagination and distort the
judgment of the reader ; while fiction that paints the fatal con-
sequences of error and wickedness, with the concomitant suf-
fering and distress, while painful in perusal leaves no moral
stain on the mind of either youth or age.
Note. Since the above was written a list of hooks has been furnished to the Com-
mittee on the Library of the City Council^ considered reprehensible, and by them
transmitted to the Trustees. It is now under examination, but so far as the obsorva-
tion has extended it presents no features to which the fore<»'oin<;' remarks will not
apply. Refcreuce upon this point is invited to the report of the Librarian.
Public Library. 11
Another striking feature of the use of fiction is the pro-
portion of new books which are in demand. In the lower
hall of the Public Library, containing 14,016 volumes of fic-
tion and juvenile, it is computed that at least 60 per cent,
of the circulation of this class is furnished from the novels
printed within two years. This statement when applied to
the actual loans gives most surprising results. The first year,
(1867) in which the numeration and circulation of fiction
was ascertained, the number of volumes was 7,165, being
5^Q per cent, of the whole number of volumes in the
Boylston-street Library accessible to the public, and affording
5^ A P^^' cent, of its circulation. In 1881 the whole number
of volumes is 14,016, or 5^^ per cent, of the total contents
of the library, 270,542 volumes, and furnishing 43^2^ per cent,
of its circulation. In the twenty-nine years of its existence
these have been collected, and it is fortunate that they are
the cheapest works purchased for popular reading, when it is
found that so large a proportion have lost their interest, and
are only sparingly read. But yet we have the extraordinary
result of 14,016 volumes of fiction, of which it is safe to say
that not one-half were circulated during the year, furnishing
43^2_ pgj. cent, of the use of the Library ; while the 256,526
volumes of its more instructive and more important books had
only a demand from 5 6| per cent . of the readers . These figures
display, more than any argument can state, the part that fiction
untainted with immorality plays in our households ; yet from
this fact no inference can be derived showing a want of in-
telligence and cultivation in the large body of readers. There
may properly be added to this statement the remarkable
fact that while the whole contents of the Boylston-street
Library were doubled from 1867 to 1881, the collection of fic-
tion was also doubled, and.the proportional use of this branch
of literature fell otf 18 per cent., which has l:)een nearly com-
pensated by an increase of over 16 per cent, in the reading
of books which may be said to be educational according to
the formulae of those who can see no possible good in
fiction.
In this connection it is a fact worthy of notice that the Lower
Hall Library contained upon the 30th of April, 1881, but
117 more volumes of fiction than it had upon the same date
in 1876.
.The Administration.
The administration of this Lil)rary was placed by ordinance
and is now vested by the act of incorporation in a Board of
Trustees. The principles wdiich have given this institution its
great success were laid down by the original Board of Trus-
12 City Document No. 97.
tees, and have not been varied from in principle since, although
experience has given points of usefulness not directly within
the knowledge of a body of men who saw clearly whatwas then
wanted, but not what the different tastes and judgments of the
coming generations might require as necessary to their intel-
lectual development. While the principles at the outset were
right, they were not derived from a corps of librarians and the
heads of the different administration departments of a great
Library. After Mr. Bates had established this Library on a
secure foundation, and the lists for books wanted had been pre-
pared and sent at his request by the Trustees, the services of
Mr. Jewett, probably the most eminent bibliographer of the
time in the country, were secured for the still further devel-
opment of the reference Library. In this department he was
facile j)rinceps. But this was but one, though a very impor-
tant, portion of the work to be done. Beside this acquisition
of the best books and the important plan of a more perfect
system of cataloguing than had hitherto been known, two
other conditions were needed in the formation, growth, and
success of this Library, of which no bibliographer had any pos-
sible experience : first, the selection of a simply popular
Library ; and, secondly, its administration, founded upon a
knowledge of the character of the people to whose wants it
should be a growing ministration, and of the degree of trust
on which the books might be loaned.
The Trustees of the Library have no power to lay aside
their responsiliility. By the by-laws of the institution they
have given to the Librarian, the chief executive officer, all the
authority which may reasonably and properly be given to such
an administrator of its affairs. The institution is to be man-
aged for the greatest good of the largest number of people,
and so it has come down to the present from former Boards
of Trustees. The original ordinance requires it.
In an institution so peculiarly and obviously free, where
every change in development can be within the knowledge of
every one who honestly seeks information about its principles
and its policy, and their results, and when the fuller details
of those results are given for the information of their fellow-
citizens, it is easy to see how stern reformers may claim that
various details of administration miijht have been more sue-
cessfully i)rojected, after the whole work has been done. No
one can claim that this is not a human institution, and as
such liable to errors of judgment in its management ; but no
just criticism can be had upon its progress without an under-
standing of the motives of the Board of Trustees, for which
they alone are responsible.
With the uses of the Library increasing in importance and
Public Library. 13
value year by year, and with a fluctuating and diminishing
use of the lower grades of fiction, it would appear to be now
steadily exerting its influences in the directions where for the
most part salutary and intellectual results may follow. The
collection of books is so large, and by this means so various,
that few seeking improvement can fail to find books suited to
their condition. This great charity is oflered freely to the
whole community, which has honorably availed itself of the
trust. May its resources and its influence still continue to
increase as the years roll on, so long as they are exercised
for the extension of human knowledge and instruction in
human character.
Mr. Geokge B. Chase, one of the Trustees, is in Europe,
and has had no opportunity of reading this re[)ort.
WM. W. GEEENOUGH,
JAMES FREEMAN CLARIS,
HENRY W. HAYNES,
HUGH O'BRIEN,
CHARLES E. PRATT.
I cannot sign the foregoing report.
SAM'L A. B. ABBOTT.
Public Library, June 25, 1881.
14 City Document No. 97.
[B.]
REPORT OF THE EXAMINING COMMITTEE.
The Committee for Examining the Public Library have
welcomed the opportunity which this service has given
them for adding to the knowledge which their use of its con-
tents has aftbrded them, the privilege of a more intimate ac-
quaintance with the details of its management. Though the
freest facilities have been extended to them in their investi-
gations, all their inquiries having been frankly met, and their
curiosity, interest, and critical spirit abundantly gratilied, the
committee, even after the completion of the work assigned to
them, under the limitations of time and circumstances, might
naturally hesitate to pronounce any summary judgments in
general or in particular. Like all their fellow-citizens who
have informed themselves on the subject, they are aware that
the interests and conduct of the Library now, as from its be-
ginnings, are, as they have always been, in the charge and
under the willing and wholly unremunerated oversight and
management of a body of intelligent, accomplished, and thor-
oughly conscientious men, to whom grateful acknowledg-
ments are due.
It could hardly, however, be otherwise than that there
should be reason and occasion for regular and renewed exam-
ination of the management and methods of those who have
such responsible trusts committed to them in the care of such
valuable property, the conduct of so much administrative
business, the apportionment and disbursement of so much
money, the selection of so many officers and employes, and
the making and enforcing of rules for their own guidance and
that of others. The Trustees will not object to any re-
minders of their responsibility, to suggestions or counsels
against merely routine or mechanical management. The in-
crease of the stores of literature of which they have the
oversight ; the extension and complication of their duties by
the provisions for Branch Libraries and other devices not
proposed or provided for in the original scheme of the insti-
tution, and the rapid growth of the constituency which they
represent in its wide variance of opinions and preferences,
have added very much to the responsibilities and obligations
of the Trustees. Whatever, therefore, an Examining Com-
mittee might be prompted to suggest, should not be at all in
the tone of fault-finding, but with a view to helping and en-
couraging them.
Public Library. 15
A sub-committee, appointed to consider the subjects of
finance and administration, lias offered the following; suo;o:es-
tions : —
We are convinced that no means should be neglected to keep the Li-
brary before the people, and to impress upon its patrons a vivid sense
of the treasures gathered for their use within its walls. They should
be led to feel a pride in its high standard of merit, and the rank it has
attained, together with a pei'sonal concern for its prosperity and a de-
sire for its increase. To this end every effort should be made to com-
raerul it to all classes in the community, and to give it a more permanent,
strong, and tenacious hold upon them.
AV'e are well aware of the attempts that have alread}- been made in
this direction by its managers, and of the success that has followed; but
this very fact should encourage them to renewed exertions. We are con-
vinced that much more may be done through the press in various forms,
since thousands may be reached in this manner who even now are quite
ignorant of the real value and extent of the pi'ivileges in their grasp.
Well-written articles in a popular style might be prepared for the maga-
zines and newspapers, with numerous illustrations, setting foi'th the
superior advantages of the Library, and affording some insight into the
priceless accumulations that have already been made. In this way, not
only will the prestige of the Library be eminently increased both at
home and abroad, but the reactive eiiVct upon our ritizens will be of in-
calculable benefit to it and to them, adding to their pride in its prosper-
ity and to their appreciation of its influence.
We regaid it as particularly desirable to develop in every way the
concern of the employes of the Library for its progress, and to make
it, in this sense, a cooperative institution, with whose fortunes they
should be led to identify themselves. ]\Iuch may be done to eftect this,
to encourage a healthy enthusiasm, an esprit cle corjjs, as it were, by
neglecting no opportunity to impress ujDon them the high aims of the
institution, its jilans of working, and the really philanthropic objects
for which it was established; to make them sharers in its success, and
even g<nng so iar, if necessary, as to ofter some substantial reward to
any who should discover a new and practical method of expanding its
usefulness, of augmenting its resources, of improving the details of its
operation, or in any way multiplying its facilities. The older em-
ployes, who have proved the worth of their services, should be retained,
if possible, ami favored as to their health and the duties required of
them in every way, and should it be thought best to shorten their hours
of labor, or to increase their salaries, the Trustees should not hesitate to
do this at whatever risk of criticism or censure, should they consider
it demandetl by the best interests of the institution. One old and
well-tried servant is worth more for the time being than ten new ones.
One of the most important branches ot Library administration, as
vrell as the one most obvious to public criticism, is the delivery of the
books applied for to the applicants at the desk. It is of the greatest
consequence that this work should be promptly and accurately per-
formed, and that the public should have full assurance that any book
upon the shelves can be obtained on proper application. Unfortunately,
this assurance has not always been felt, instances having occurred in
which books have been reported to be "out," when a subsequent and
more careful investigation has shown them to be in or near their places
on the shelves.
With a view of reducing this difliculty to a minimum, the following
plan, devised by the Librai'ian, has been in operation during the past
six months: The number of every book put into circulation or sent to
the bindery is placed upon a separate slip of paper, and the slips,
18 City Document No. 97.
they afford to the service of the Central Lil^raiy, and the
reduction of the occasional pressure of applicants there, are
to be credited in their favor.
The books in the Lower Hall and in the Branches exliibit
evidence of much and frequent use, many of them being
dilapidated. It is easy to replace the most desirable of
them ; while of others of them, of only ephemeral interest,
and of no instructive or disciplinary value, we may w^elcome
the natural decay, as they will yield their space to some-
thing better. The survival of the fittest is a wholly unobjec-
tionable process and result in a Public Library.
From time to time, before they were called to this
service, members of the committee had observed in the
public prints, charges, sometimes vague, and occasionally
more or less distinct or pointed, that many volumes not only
of an unimproving," sensational, and exciting character, but
some that were of a positively injurious, demoralizing, and
corrupting influence over the young, were in free circulation,
especially through the Lower Hall and the Branch libraries.
Nothing in the shape of evidence for these charges, in speci-
fied cases, names or descriptions of books, or complaints
of parents or teachers, has been presented to or put within
the reach of the committee on this serious matter. They
would not have failed to probe the subject thoroughly. But
in giving due attention to it they can find no present grounds,
at least, for the charges, other than that among the books
circulating here, as through the whole community, are many,
imaginative, exciting, and trashy works, high-wrought, sensa-
tional, and unwholesome in their tone and influence. There
may have been heretofore a disproportion of such books
within the reach of applicants, and the records may show
that they were much in use. But caution and watchfulness
are not wanting. We recognize with satisfaction the earnest
efforts of the Trustees to secure the Library and the circula-
tion against all reasonal>le objections of this sort. In the
year ending April 30, 1880, the excess of the condemned
and not replaced books of fiction over the replaced was
566, besides 215 volumes transferred to the duplicate room
and no longer circulated. In the last lilirary j^ear the
excess of condemned over replaced novels was 241, and 4
were transferred to the duplicate room.
The restriction upon the circulation of all books of an ob-
jectionable character among the young presents the point of
least difficulty in dealing with some very perplexing questions
relating to what may or may not be properly gathered for
free or for limited and guarded use on the shelves, or in the
cabinets, of a large and miscellaneous public library. The
Public Library. 19
literature of every aQ;e and land and lan^uaofe emliraces works
classed as products of genius, in which the literary, histori-
cal, biographical, moral or imaginative elements, that are of
the hio^hest interest and value to us, are wroug-ht in with
coarse, impure, indelicate material in relation, description,
insinuation, or disclosure. A censorship for discriminating
and pronouncing upon these objectional^le qualities would
follow tests and standards of a most varialile, vague, and in-
consistent character, as different individuals might apply it,
for inclusion or exclusion in the contents of a Public
Library.
There are Christian families in which the Old Testament is
a forbidden book to the young. The classics are expurgated
for schools. More than once has Shakespeare been purged
for the household. The series of British poets, when found
in their completeness, embraces writers and pieces stained
with vulgarity and obscenity. Pul)lications of historical and
antiquarian societies, in order to meet their special ends of
fidelity and accuracy, nuist put into print what would be
unfit for school or family reading.
It hardly needs to be said that no Public Lil)rary should
furnish books to young readers, or to those of any age,
which will inflame their passions or pervert their moral
sense. But works which would have such effects on some
persons would have no such influence on other readers.
The conclusion would be, that, while works of the whole
class here referred to should not l)e positively excluded from
a great library, nor from the carefully guarded use of those
who may safely be trusted with them, they should be re-
stricted and denied in all cases to the young.
There is a considerable class of books which, though they
may not be positively impure and corrupt in their tone and
contents, are so utterly worthless, and so lacking in any
good quality and influence for heart, mind, or character,
that the committee would advise their exclusion from cir-
culation and from the shelves. Nor do they regard the
plea as a valid one that the Library is bound to meet and
satisfy the demands of all readers of every taste and mental
capacity. The Library is sustained as a public educator,
with functions like those of our public schools. It is to im-
prove and elevate tastes, capacities, and moral and mental
qualities, and to minister innocent delight to wearied toilers ;
and for those whom it cannot directly or indirectly serve to
such ends its funds and facilities are not available.
The committee have scrutinized with care these three mat-
ters : the amount and quality of objectionable matter in the
Library ; the conditions and limitations of its use for any
20 City Document No. 97.
applicants ; and the securities in selection, purchase, and
examination by proper officials, to prevent the circulation
among the young of any harmful books.
The most emphatic remark which we have to make as the
result of our inquiries bearing upon the complaints or anxie-
ties relating to this subject is, that all due attention and
watchfulness are given to prevent the accession on the shelves
of the Lower Hall and the Branch libraries of any really
immoral and dangerous book. Great care is taken in limit-
ing and restricting the orders given to agents, who are not at
liberty to send anything that they may please to the Library.
In very many cases the known and high character of a pub-
lishing firm may guarantee its issues. Books coming from a
firm of dubious repute, and all other volumes of uncertain
characteristics, are examined, and when reason is found are
condemned. A most efficient and friendly officer in the
Lower Hall (doing better service than a Catalogue), Mr. T.
H. Cummings, offers advice, instruction, and valuable coun-
sel, highly appreciated and improved by young applicants in
guiding their selection, and leading them to the best kind of
reading. Mr. Tiffany and Miss Jenkins perform this excel-
lent service when he is off duty. It is very desirable simi-
lar aid should be furnished in the Branches, and measures are
in working to increase and turn to account this excellent
method of help for young readers.
The Librarian is to give two afternoons a week to visiting
the Branches, and the respective Branch librarians are to be
instructed to give similar advice to readers to what is given
in the Lower Hall, either from their own resources or from
directions given them from the Central Lil^rary.
Many of the matters which engage criticism, complaint, and
wide diversities of judgment as to the province of a large Pub-
lic Library may be suggested by merely setting down two ques-
tions, which are often put emphatically by those who speak as
if representing antagonistic interests. Why should the City
Treasury be drawn upon to stock and maintain a Public
Library, with local branches, to furnish thousands of volumes
of light and unprofitable literature, for the mere amusement
and dissipation of mind and energy of young persons ? The
other question is. Why should the city assume the guar-
dianship of and add to special collections of costly, erudite,
and curious literary works, books of taste and fancy, or helps
in advanced science or skill, which are of use only to geniuses,
critical scholars, amateurs, experts, or bibliophilists ?
One answer covers both these questions ; and that is, that
the larger and more miscellaneous in contents a free Public
Library is, especially if those two qualities in the character of
Public Library. 21
its contents were recognized and provided for by its founders,
benefactors, and supporters, the more impartially must it have
regard to both of those contrasted classes of literary works.
The only practical way of dealing with this mgitter of
expense is to ask if the citizens receive an equivalent in return
from it. It is believed that no argument in detail is necessary
to prove that they do. Great civic celeljrations, free con-
certs, and other public occasions of ungrudged outlay, are jus-
tified on grounds of local pride, patriotism, and generous
regard for the people. Though the scenes and pleasures are
temporary, the profits may be permanent. There are in the
Library large numl)ers of books of unique character, and of
a value not admitting of any pecuniary estimate. But it
should not for a moment be supposed that what is called " the
people's money " has been used by the city to purchase these
treasures.
For the year ending May 1, 1881, the city appropriated,
for the purchase of books, $17,000.
Of this sum there was spent for periodicals . $2,826 97
For books for the Branches .... 3,562 79
Balance 10,610 24
Total . . . . . . $17,000 00
This balance was spent for books of a popular character
placed in the Lower and Bates Halls.
The special collections and deposits were gathered by
scholars, and men of philosophic, scientific, and artistic
tastes and genius, at their own cost and for their own
improvement, and they have been munificently given to the
citv, often with a fund for addino- to them, and with a view
to facilitate the lal)ors of students and inquirers of like
special talents who may highly appreciate such aid. If that
extraordinary and highly gifted man. Dr. Nathaniel Bow-
ditch, found it necessary to gather around him a special and
valuable collection of mathematical works, whatnol>ler legacy
could he leave to some youths of like genius in this city and
Commonwealth, than such helps, if so it might be, to exceed
him in their attainments ? And what could be a more graceful
favor than that of his family in providing for the enrichment
of the deposit? If Mr. Ticknor needed and had a private use
for the precious Spanish and Portuguese collection gathered by
him, has he left a l)urden of debt or of gratitude in commit-
ting the collection to the care of the city, with a pecuniary
gift for its increase ? The Librarian of CongTcss felt justified
in spending thirteen hundred dollars of the " nation's money"
^2 City Document No. 97.
for a copy of John Eliot's Indian Bil)le. Shall Boston be
challenged for accepting the volume as a gift? Indeed, it is
from the breadth and comprehensiveness of the views of the
founders and private benefactors of the Library that the mis-
cellaneousness of its stores has l)ecome a standard for our
acceptance and following. Besides works of art, there are at
least eighty thousand volumes, which, from their special
value, or conditions attached by the donors, cannot be taken
from the Library. This leaves some three hundred thousand
for home use by readers of various tastes and needs.
The committee have been gratified to observe the high
standard of completeness which the Trustees have sought to
maintain in the supply of l^ooks in the manifold departments
of learning and literature within the limits appropriate to
such an institution. The Library, however, has become so
large, its growth from year to year is so rapid, and these
departments have become so much subdivided, in the applica-
tion to the pursuit of knowledge of the principle of the
division of labor, that while the importance of maintaining
this high standard becomes a duty of increasing ol)ligation
the difficulty of discharging it increases in a corresponding
deo-ree. The task is so great that it has led the committee
to consider in what way it can be most effectually and
advantageously performed .
The Library is designed to promote the advancement and
diflusion of knowledge and culture in this community. This
it does, in consideral^le measure, by meeting the demand of
our most learned men for the books they seek and need in the
prosecution of their studies. Some arrangement by which
the cooperation of representative men of learning in Boston
and its vicinity may be engaged in organized relations to the
Trustees, as an advisory council for the selection of books,
has seemed to the committee a very desirable measure, and
likely to meet the necessities of the case. Such counsel from
men who, through vocations to which their lives are devoted,
obtain the "widest acquaintance with the literature of their
respective branches of learning, could not fail to be of the
highest utility. By ensuring the acquisition of the best
l)ooks it would enhance the usefulness of the Library as well
to the intelligent many as to the learned few, and make the
whole collection the best possible for the money expended.
It is too much to expect of any Superintendent or Book
Committee of Trustees that they should keep themselves in-
formed concerning the most profital)le literature of the past
and present, pertaining to all the arts, learning, and sciences,
in all the languages, at least of civilized nations, in all
periods of their history ; and yet, with more or less com-
Public Library. 23
pleteness, this is what the Ijuilders of a great Library, like
that of the City of Boston, undertaJve.
The committee Ijelieve that the Trustees would have no
difficulty in procuring the requisite number of suitable
persons to aid in this important work, who would render
the service desired of them in a liberal spirit of devotion to
the public welfare, while at the same time finding an un-
sought advantage to themselves in having the Library pro-
vided with the books which, in their judgment, were of the
greatest value in their own departments of study. The
committee hope that the formation of this advisory council
will have the early and favoraljle attention of its Trustees.
We come now to offer some suggestions upon the most
perplexing of the points that have engaged our attention,
namely, the subject of a Catalogue. Yet we can hardly hope
to give any considerable help towards the practical dealing
with a matter upon which the widest and the most discord-
ant differences of judgment and opinion prevail among the
experts, who meet in the conferences of Librarians to dis-
cuss the subject of catalogues in all its relations and methods.
Next to the collection, preservation, and judicious disposal
of the books in a large and miscellaneous Lil)rary, the mak-
ing them accessil)le and available for use is hardly of sec-
ondary importance. It is expected of a Public Library,
very much as of one of the most extensive and miscel-
laneous of our retail stores for the sale of a large variety of
goods, that it will not only answer to the special calls of
customers for the articles asked for, but that it will also give
information of the whole contents and stock, and even make
pulilic advertisement of them. This we know, however,
even Avith the spur of traffic, if it may ])e attempted, can
be l)ut partially realized. The announcements must be
readjusted by the seasons, and the changing years with their
new styles. The contents of a Library are intended to be
permanent, while steadily increasing. In its character as
an agent in public education such a Lilirary must multiply
its facilities, not onl}^ for aiding in the circulation of its books,
but for aiding the least informed of those who wish to borrow
them to some knowledge of the relative merits, qualities,
and contents of the volumes. One applicant's call may be
for a certain book l)y author and subject. Another will ask
for any new and interesting l30ok on a given subject by
any good author. Special and critical students want informa-
tion as to particular collections and editions. Here is a
Central Library, with eight Branches. In each and all of
them it is necessary that all classes of applicants sliall be
served ; those who know more or less clearly what they
^2 City Document No. 97.
for a copy of John Eliot's Indian Bil)le. Shall Boston be
challenged for accepting the volume as a gift? Indeed, it is
from the breadth and comprehensiveness of the views of the
founders and private benefactors of the Library that the mis-
cellaneousness of its stores has become a standard for our
acceptance and follo\ving. Besides works of art, there are at
least eighty thousand volumes, which, from their special
value, or conditions attached by the donors, cannot be taken
from the Librar}^ This leaves some three hundred thousand
for home use by readers of various tastes and needs.
The committee have been gratified to observe the high
standard of completeness which the Trustees have sought to
maintain in the supply of Ijooks in the manifold departments
of learning and literature within the limits appropriate to
such an institution. The Library, however, has become so
large, its growth from year to year is so rapid, and these
departments have become so much subdivided, in the applica-
tion to the pursuit of knowledge of the principle of the
division of labor, that while the importance of maintaining
this high standard becomes a duty of increasing obligation
the difficulty of discharging it increases in a corresponding
degree. The task is so great that it has led the committee
to consider in what way it can be most eliectually and
advantageously performed.
The Library is designed to promote the advancement and
diffusion of knowledge and culture in this community. This
it does, in considerable measure, by meeting the demand of
our most learned men for the books they seek and need in the
prosecution of their studies. Some arrangement by which
the cooperation of representative men of learning in Boston
and its vicinity may be engaged in organized relations to the
Trustees, as an advisory council for the selection of books,
has seemed to the committee a very desirable measure, and
likely to meet the necessities of the case. Such counsel from
men who, through vocations to which their lives are devoted,
obtain the widest acquaintance with the literature of their
respective branches of learning, could not fail to be of the
highest utility. By ensuring the acquisition of the best
])ooks it would enhance the usefulness of the Library as well
to the intelligent many as to the learned few, and make the
whole collection the best possible for the money expended.
It is too much to expect of any Superintendent or Book
Committee of Trustees that they should keep themselves in-
formed concerning the most prohtable literature of the past
and present, pertaining to all the arts, learning, and sciences,
in all the languages, at least of civilized nations, in all
periods of their history ; and yet, with more or less com-
Public Library. 23
pleteness, this is what the builders of a great Library, like
that of the City of Boston, undertaJve.
The committee believe that the Trustees would have no
difficulty in procuring the requisite number of suitable
persons to aid in this important work, who would render
the service desired of them in a liljeral spirit of devotion to
the public welfare, while at the same time finding an un-
sought advantage to themselves in having the Library pro-
vided with the books which, in their judgment, w^ere of the
greatest value in their own departments of study. The
committee hope that the formation of this advisory council
will have the early and favorable attention of its Trustees.
We come now to offer some suggestions upon the most
perplexing of the points that have engaged our attention,
namely, the subject of a Catalogue. Yet Ave can hardly hope
to give any consideral)le help towards the practical dealing
with a matter upon Avhicli the widest and the most discord-
ant differences of judgment and opinion prevail among the
experts, who meet in the conferences of Librarians to dis-
cuss the subject of catalogues in all its relations and methods.
Next to the collection, preservation, and judicious disposal
of the books in a large and miscellaneous Library, the mak-
ing them accessible and available for use is hardly of sec-
ondary importance. It is expected of a Public Library,
very much as of one of the most extensive and miscel-
laneous of our retail stores for the sale of a large variety of
goods, that it will not only answer to the special calls of
customers for the articles asked for, but that it will also give
information of the whole contents and stock, and even make
public advertisement of them. This we know, however,
even with the spur of traffic, if it may be attempted, can
be but partially realized. The announcements must be
readjusted by the seasons, and the changing years with their
new styles. The contents of a Library are intended to be
permanent, while steadily increasing. In its character as
an agent in puljlic education such a Lil)rary must multiply
its facilities, not only for aiding in the circulation of its books,
but for aiding the least informed of those who Avish to l>orrow
them to some knowledge of the relative merits, qualities,
and contents of the volumes. One applicant's call may be
for a certain book by author and suljject. Another will ask
for any new and interesting book on a given subject by
any good author. Special and critical students want informa-
tion as to particular collections and editions. Here is a
Central Library, with eight Branches. In each and all of
them it is necessary that all classes of applicants shall be
served ; those who know more or less clearly what they
24 City Document No. 97.
want, and those who know only that they want something.
A complete, intelligible, and accessible Catalogue, free and
ready for use, with authors, subjects, cross-references, and
guiding hints, can alone fully meet the requisite conditions.
The preparation of such in a large Library, even if no
additions were made, is a work of time and labor, and demands
a heav}'' outlay for putting it into print. But, when constant
and extensive additions are made to the Library each month,
a problem is presented to be dealt with which tasks and
divides the judgment of those most competent for it.
When the Index and Supplement were published the
Library contained 140,554 volumes.
There have since been added to it 250,784 volumes.
The putting into type of a complete Catalogue of the
books and pamphlets would involve an enormous amount of
preparatory labor, the publication of ten stout volumes, and
the cost would be nearer two than one hundred thousand
dollars ; and while the work was in progress the additions
made to the Library j^ear l^y year would make the Catalogue up
to any fixed date of gradually diminishing value year by year.
It is Ijelieved that this Library has more skilfully and use-
fully than any other substituted or compensated for the lack
of a full published Catalogue by its original and most helpful
device of bibliographical, literary, and topical notes in the
bulletins for the service of readers.
Of these 125 are now in print.
As any special subject in art, science, personal or social
interest, l)iography, history, or local concern, is for the time
engaging conversation or inquiry, a syllabus has been pre-
jDared, indicating sources of information upon it.
The committee would be very reluctant to acquiesce in the
conclusion that there can be no substitute for and no essential
improvement upon the present Card Catalogue. With a
reasonable regard to the inherent difficulties of the matter,
to the varying opinions and judgments of experts, and to the
wisdom of delay in the hope that ingenuity may devise some
method preferable to the present, the committee have dis-
cussed the question whether a simpler, less elal)orate, and
even incomplete Catalogue, as regards minutiai, details, notes,
cross-references, etc., might not be provided for the help of
the larger number of ordinary readers, while the Card Cata-
logue should still be relied upon for more complete and
systematic information.
The whole number of volumes in the Library
is now . 391,338
In Bates Hall . . . . . . 229,005
Public Libeary. 25
In the Lower Hall 38,073
In the Branches 108,319
In the Central Buildmg .... 283,019
The increase from last year is . . . 14,113
The circulation during the 304 open days has
been 1,065,181
Daily average circulation . . . . 3,504
Nearly one hundred thousand green slips rep-
resent the number of volumes called for for
consultation in the Library.
The number of special inquirers for advice
and help, special students, examinei's of the
patent records, etc., is .... 60,084
The number employed in the Central Library is 81
The number employed in the Branches is . 62
A matter of chief importance, on which the interest and
anxiety of the committee have been engaged, is that of the
actual and pressing need of a new Library edifice, constructed
with reference to special purposes and uses, of which experience
and many embarrassments and risks attending the present edi-
fice in its inconveniences, limitations, and exposure, have been
forcibly urging upon the attention of very many of our citi-
zens. There would be reason enouo-h for advisino- immediate
measures for obtaining enlarged accommodations and in-
creased safety for the Library, if we had regard only to the
steady and rapid increase of its contents. But the emer-
gency is more pressing than that. The present building is
but another illustration of the fact, of which we have had
abundant experience, and are yet to have more, in Boston,
in the matter of public edifices and thoroughfares, and that
is, that without having forecast the rapid gro^\i:h and develop-
ment of the city or the incorporation of the suburbs, all our
public edifices have well-nigh burst their walls. The rooms
for public business in the City Hall are complemented Ijy
outside ofiices. The Sufiblk Probate Office has its annex.
The railroad stations have each and all been three or four
times reconstructed for enlargement. Apartments, divisions,
and arrangements for special objects, have had to be provided
for in the Library, for which there was not the slightest ex-
pectation or regard in its plan and construction. There is a
wasteful fault in the great hall which cannot be remedied.
The contents and the facilities for the use of the Library are
suifering grievously for lack of space, means, and conven-
iences. It is crowded in every part, impeding desirable ar-
rangement, and subjecting its employes to unnecessary and
wearisome labor. The mode of heating is proving destruct-
26 City Document No. 97.
ive to the books on its highest shelves. Any citizen who is
informed as to the really priceless value of the contents of
the Library, and is aware that the city in accepting the
precious and munificent gifts there gathered has constituted
itself their guardian, will realize with dismay the risks from
fire, and even from the water-pipes, to which they are ex-
posed.
A conflict of opinions has already found expression as to
the expediency and wisdom of availing of — under the condi-
tions imposed by the Commonwealth, which sul)stantially ap-
ply to the use of the Lil)rary now — and building upon the
lot oflered to the city for a new and better designed edifice.
The objections raised to a removal of site, concern distance,
inconvenience, etc.
A ready compromise or alternative offers, viz., that the
present edifice be reserved for a centre for books that circu-
late, for a reading-room, and for maintaining connection with
the Branches, and that a new edifice be constructed on the
proffered lot, to receive the special collections and treasures
of which the city has become the trustee and guardian.
And inasmuch as the city is indel)ted to private generosity
and munificence for those valual^le deposits, it might be alto-
gether reasonable and hopeful to appeal to a larger circle of
like liberal and public-spirited persons for pecuniary aid in
building the desired structure.
The committee would therefore advise, that in connection
with and in support of an urgent call upon the city to enter
at once upon plans and measures for l)uilding a new edi-
fice, some method be adopted for engaging voluntary and
generous pecuniary gifts from our public-spirited citizens in
aid of the work.
GEORGE E. ELLIS.
EDWIN P. SEAVER,
HENRY P. BOWDITCH.
DARWIN E. WARE.
WILLIAM C. WILLIAMSON.
EDWARD J. HOLMES.
HOWARD P. ARNOLD.
GEORGIANA W. SMITH.
EDNAH D. CHENEY.
Public Library. 27
[C]
LIBRAEIAN'S EEPOET.
To the Trustees: —
The Li1)rarian is the executive officer of the Trustees,
and, under them, has the general charge, management, and
control of the Library and its Branches, and of all persons
employed therein. He not only promulgates their orders,
as well as those of the several committees within the scope
of their authority, and sees that they are duly observed and
executed, but is also required to note and report in respect
to their efficiency, and to make such suggestions as, in his
judgment, will promote the interests of the Library in all of
its departments.
These relations of the Librarian to administration imply
ample powers and corresponding oliligations ; for though he
has no vote in the proceedings of the Trustees, and, there-
fore, no responsibility for the results of their delil)erations,
yet, Avhen these take form in legislative acts, he is brought
into immediate relations to those acts in their execution, and
with that his responsibility begins, and is limited only by
the requirements of successful administration. AVith these
views of my relations to the Public Library, I now lay
before the Trustees my
Third Annual Report.
The principal functions of the Library are the selection,
purchase, circulation, and preservation of books ; and, under
these heads, I respectfully submit the following observa-
tions : —
Selection and Purchase of Books.
The present mode of selecting and purchasing books for
the Public Library has the sanction of its founders and early
Trustees ; and, with some changes of agents, some reduc-
tions in the rate of commissions and charges, and additional
limitations of the discretionary powers of the agents, the
contracts remain, for substance, the same as they were at
the beginning, and bear date as follows : for German books,
1857 ; for French books, 1868 ; for American books, 1871 ;
and for English books, January, 1880.
These agents are expected to bring to the notice of the
Trustees, by means of catalogues, publications, and corre-
28 CiTT Document No. 97.
spondence, the latest and most reliable intelligence respecting
the current literature of the several nationalities ; but the
agents of Spain, Italy, and Germany are not permitted to
send, and, during my term of office, — since October, 1878,
— never have sent, to the Pul^lic Library any work not pre-
viously ordered by the Trustees.
With respect to France, England, and the United States,
the facts are somewhat difterent ; and of these countries in
their order. The agent for French literature — his appoint-
ment datino; from 1868 — is instructed to send to the Public
Li])rary " books recently published, which shall he standard
in their character, whether in science, art, or belles-lettres,
with the exception that, in works costing one hundred francs
($20) or more, he shall advise before purchasing, and also
that the amount of new books purchased and sent forward,
without specific order, shall not average over two hundred
francs ($40) per month," or $480 a year.
These terms seem to be sufficiently guarded to protect the
Lil)rary from the purchase, by its agents, of expensive pub-
lications, as well as from the ao-gregated cost of excessive
invoices.
But for a public library, the paramount considerations are
these : Are the books wisely selected ? Are the purchases
preceded by the fullest examination compatible with their
timely receipt; and is the discretion of the agent judiciously
exercised ?
There are some facts which bear upon these questions ;
and that I may speak from personal knowledge I confine
my statements to the two full years of my personal service,
— 1879 and 1880.
During these two years the whole number of books
received from the French agent, which became a part of the
Public Library, was 1,172. Of these, 971 were sent on
specific orders from the Trustees ; and 209, — 104 volumes
a year, — were forwarded under the discretionary power
lodged in the agent. Nor have I any reason to doubt that
they conformed to his instructions, as " standard works in
science, art, or belles-lettres" Eight others, for various
reasons deemed unsuitable for the Library, were returned.
With these facts before them, the Trustees can determine
what additional safeguards, if any, are needed to protect the
Library, not from excessive purchases, — for the aggregated
cost of these purchases was far within the agent's limits, —
but from the accumulation of undesirable books. With regard
to current publications — and the discretion of the agent
extends to none other — there may be some difficulty in deter-
mining what works shall be deemed standard. When the
Public Libeart. 29
book is from a well-known author of high character, that fact
in itself, perhaps, is a reasonable guaranty for the value of the
work in question ; but if from an unknown author, then the
reputation of the publishing house, the estimate formed hy
the literary journals, with such light as the agent may derive
from a cursory examination, must guide him in his selections.
An occasional mistake may be made ; but it will be observed
+hat the field for mistake is a narrow one, — science, art, and
belles-lettres, — one in which meretricious works are not often
found. On the other hand, the Library may, perhaps, l)e
justified in running some risk in order to insure the prompt
receipt, by those to whom time is an important consideration,
of the earliest intelligence resjDecting science and art,
especially the useful arts. However that may be, I have
abundant reason to believe that the efibrts of the Trustees
in this direction are appreciated ; and an inspection of
the works forwarded to the Library, under existing ar-
rangements, afibrds evidence of their constant use, as
well as of the fidelity and general good judgment of the
agent ; and from no one, as far as I am aware, has come
a suggestion that the books thus purchased are not
worthy of an honorable place in any well-selected public
library.
With respect to English publications the agent's instruc-
tions are similar to those which guide in the selection of
French literature, though somewhat more in detail, — having
been modified early in 1880, when it was found that the
library was receiving a small number of books which , though
of excellent character, were not in all respects adapted to
the patrons of the Public Library. By the instructions as
modified, none of the following classes of books are for-
warded except on specific orders from the Trustees, viz. :
1, Fiction, juveniles, theology, law, surgery, and medicine.
2, Works on art costing more than £4 ; and all works of
this class not of solid merit. 3, Editions de luxe. 4, New
editions of works, unless the editorial matter justifies the
purchase of a duplicate. 5, Works published serially, such
as public documents, works and transactions of learned
societies.
The new English books forwarded to the Public Library
by the agent under these instructions seem to me to be in all
respects admirable ; and I take pleasure in saying that by
the arrangement which, with the approval of the Trustees, I
made with the Post-Ofiice Department, the Library now
receives weekly the best English books, and by the same
mail which brings the weekly journals announcing their pub-
lication. I have no suggestion to ofier in regard to this
agency. It is enterprising, prompt, and judicious.
30 City Document No. 97.
There remains to be considered the plan by which the
Public Library receives current American publications. No
foreign fiction or juvenile books are received into the Lil)rary
unless specifically ordered by the Trustees ; but in respect to
domestic works of the same class the practice is different.
The agent sends without orders one copy at least of such
books as, in his judgment (informed as to the views of the
Trustees by years of experience) , are suited to the Library or
its branches. But a!l these books are forwarded for exam-
ination and approval. If found satisfactory, they are
retained ; if otherwise, they are returned at once. No book
goes to the shelves — much less into circulation — without
examination. This examination is made with respect to all
books ; but not with equal thoroughness in respect to all.
In some cases the name of the author, or of the pul)lishing-
house, with a cursory examination, is deemed sufficient ; but
where these are not well known, or are of questionable char-
acter, then the scrutiny is conducted with a degree of care
which at least prevents the acceptance of books which fall
below the general library standard of the country ; and by
that I mean the standard fixed with a remarkable degree of
unanimity by the judgment and action of the trustees of pub-
lic libraries maintained by municipal taxation. For those
selecting the books found in other pul)lic libraries in this
country, acting upon a matter where sound practical judg-
ment is specially needed, and indulging less in theories
because they are responsible for practical results, have
arrived at substantially the same conclusion, as may be
seen by comparing their printed catalogues. It appears,
however, from the most recent of these catalogues that the rule
of exclusion is more strictly applied in the Pul)lic Liln-ary
than in other similar libraries. It should be added that the
scrutiny of books is not limited to those newly pul)lished,
but extends to those already in the Library, or its Branches ;
and whenever a book of questionable tendency is discovered
it is inunediately removed from circulation.
Still the question remains, what is the proper standard for
the fiction purchased for the Public Library? On this point
unanimity of opinion will be reached slowly. The Trustees
are in possession of all the facts, and familiar with the argu-
ments adduced in support of opposing theories. I have
nothing to add. The settlement of the question, which must
be settled by somebody on the publication of each new book,
and not postponed to await the opinion of a convention, will
probably be left — where the fundamental law of the Library
and the good sense of its founders have left it — with the
Trustees ; and in this, as in all matters which involve the
Public Library. 31
impartial expenditure of public money, public opinion will
finally declare itself, and will be heeded.
But while the efi'orts to foi'ce pul)lic sentiment have not
been followed by encouraging results, something has already
been done in elevating the standard of the public reading.
Rational expectations are in that direction. Nor is there
any present relaxation of efforts ; on the contrary, while
former agencies retain their original vigor, some new influ-
ences have been set in operation with valuable realized, and
still more valuable promised, results.
Class Lists, Annotated Catalogues, and Bulletins.
These are pul)lished in new editions, with added matter,
as often as circumstances, in each case, seem to warrant the
expense. The following will show these lists in their latest
edition, date of publication, numl)er of copies printed, and
number remaining undisposed of at the time of this writing :
1. Class List for Poetry, the Drama, etc., in the Loicer
Hall, published July, 1870, in an edition of 5,000 copies,
of which 2,829 remain on hand.
2. Class List for Works in the Arts and Sciences, in the
Lower Hall, second edition of 3,000 copies, published Sep-
tember, 1871, of which 425 copies remain. To this a sup-
plementary list is in preparation, and will be pul)lished early
in June. This will contain the popular works in the arts and
sciences added to the Lower Hall since 1871, with refer-
ences to l)ooks in Bates Hall on the same subjects.
3. Catalogue of Bool' s in the Lower Hall, in the Classes
of History, Biograjyhy , and Travel. Second edition, July,
1873, consisting of 3,000 copies, of which 440 copies are
unsold.
4. Books in Foreign Languages in the Lower Hall, Jan-
uary, 1876, in a second edition of 750 copies, which are all
sold. A new edition has been prepared and will appear in
May.
5. Class List of English Prose Fiction, in the Lower
Hall, sixth edition, April, 1877, of 4,500 copies, of which
1,084 are vmsold.
6. Hand-book for Readers, new edition, 1879, of 5,000
copies, 440 now on hand.
7. A Chronological Index to Historical Fiction, second
edition, 1875, exhausted.
These lists, the publication of which was begun many
years since, leaving to all the exercise of a free choice of
books, have undoubtedly done much to elevate the standard
of the reading public, by calling their attention to the better
32 City Document No. 97.
classes of literature in the Library ; and the foregoing state-
ment presents very distinctly to the Trustees the question
whether more should be done in the same direction. New
editions will be called for from time to time ; and if the
editions now on hand (besides those of foreign languages
and science and art, of which new editions are in prepara-
tion) were nearly exhausted ; or if the books of value
recently printed were more numerous than they are, I should
recommend the immediate preparation of supplementary lists.
In the meantime the bulletins show, at the end of each
quarter, the principal additions to the Library in all depart-
ments of literature ; and the titles of new books received
are immediately displayed — with some diflerence in their
effectiveness — in all the departments from which they are
delivered.
. These means of information and guidance are now sup-
plemented in the Lower Hall by the personal efforts of the
Librarian and his assistant, according to the time at their dis-
posal, and by the unintermitted services of the curator of the
Lower Hall card catalogue ; and I now have it under con-,
.sideration whether a similar service is practicable in the
Branch Lil)raries.
But notwithstanding these appliances designed to promote
the circulation of books, and to improve the standard of
reading for those who resort to the Public Library, I have to
report a falling off" in the ,
Circulation of Books
in all departments of the Library, but by a percentage con-
siderably less than is found in many of the public libraries in
the country. If this could be wholly accounted for on the
ground that better and, therefore, fewer books are now read
than formerly, it would l)e a cause for congratulation rather
than for solicitude. But while I have no doubt whatever
that there is a growing improvement in the character of the
books read, I think it would be uncandid to assign solely to
this cause the diminished circulation which the tables show.
We must therefore seek for other causes. Nor have we far
to seek. Some of these causes are general, affecting the
public libraries throiighout the country ; and one, at least,
special with the Public Library.
Since the revival of business people of all classes are
reading less, as they find themselves less at leisure ; a fact
indicated not only by the diminished circulation from public
libraries, but also by the reported diminished sales of books
in nearly all branches of literature. The special cause which
Public Library. 33
for the last three years has been constantly affecting the
Public Library is the comparatively few copies of tiction
purchased for it during that period. Where, formerly a
dozen, or even two dozen, copies of a popular story were
purchased, now the largest number does not exceed three ;
and as the old stock is worn out by use it is seldom re-
placed by more than a single copy.
That there is some cause which operates throughout the
country is evident from the statistics of other libraries. The
following table made from the latest reports at hand, and
without any attempt at selection, will show the fact to be as
stated above : —
Comparative Circulation in Several Libraries, Show-
ing Decrease of Circulation for the Years 1879
and 1880.
1879.
loan Per cent, of
^^^^- decrease.
Boston Public Library,
1,170,767
1,093,628 .06 h.
Mer. Library Co., Phila.,,
186,834 (1878)
168,040 (1879) .10
Taunton Public Library,
63,598
61,347 .03 h
Chicago Public Library,
368,428
306,751 .16^5
Cincinnati Public Library,
^803,228
769,367 .04 i
Young Men''s Chr. Asso.,
Buffalo, N.T.,
72,440
77,826 (gain) .07^
Mer. Lib. Asso., New York,
158,799
143,251 .09 1
Toledo Public Library,
80,160
71,502 .10^
The library year is not precisely identical in all the libra-
ries above named ; but being reduced, so far as is practicable
with the information at hand, to calendar years, the result of
comparison shows that the percentage of decrease in the
Public Library is less than in the most of those libraries
which are fairly representative of different sections of the
country.
While the circulation of books is to be promoted by all
reasonable means, that is not, I think, to be regarded as the
principal consideration ; but rather this : how can the
Public Library, within its proper sphere, best promote the
public welfare, and duly regard the rights of all those who
repair to it? Following the design of its founders, it has be-
come a Library for scholars, as well as a great popular
Library ; and both of these features it probably will retain.
That part of the Library which consists of literature belong-
ing to the higher departments of learning is made up largely
of gifts, and is mainly increased by the income of funds
scrupulously devoted to the purposes indicated by their sev-
eral donors. These collections — some of which are now
^Including periodicals.
34 City Document No. 97.
very full — will continue to grow, and meet, more fully than
ever, the requirements of those — a rapidly increasing num-
ber, especially in the useful arts — for whose purposes the
Library has already become indispensable.
The Public Library is also a gi'eat popular institution,
deemed by its founders to be intimately related to the other
educational forces in the city, and especially to the common-
school system, of which they declared it to be the crowning
glory. This idea seems to have been prominent in the minds
of the Trustees during the existence of the Library thus far,
and has become specialized in the work which it is carrying
on in connection with the public schools by furnishing
Supplementary Readestg.
Since my last report this system has been in successful
operation in several of the public schools ; and after a fair
trial it stands approved by educators and librarians, with no
dissenting voice that I hear. I have transmitted to the
School Committee the action of the Trustees in voting to
unite with that Board in a petition to the City Council for
the appropriation needed for the work. When that is made,
nothing will remain except to meet the wishes of the teach-
ers — already becoming manifest — on the plan proposed by
the Trustees, from which, in all confidence, I look for valu-
able and far-reaching results.
Library Administration.
The tables appended will show the present Library service.
There have been some changes by death, resignation, or
other cause ; and there are now one hundred and forty-three
persons connected with the Library as employes, of whom
sixty-eight are at the central library, sixty-two at the
branches, and thirteen in the bindery. Of these, one hun-
dred and ten are fully and constantly employed, and thirty-
three partially and intermittently employed, according to the
exigencies of the service. The Lil^rary seems to me to be
in a reasonably satisfactory condition in respect to adminis-
tration. It is not necessary for me to say — though con-
venient in respect to what follows — that, with the general
policy of the Library, the appointment and salaries of the
employes, with the making general or special orders, with
the purchase of books, in fine, with the general legislation of
the Trustees, the Librarian has nothing to do ; for, by the
fundamental law, all these matters are untransferrably vested
in the Trustees. But, for whatever relates to administration,
the Librarian, as the sole executive ofiicer of the Trustees,
Public Library. 35
is wholly responsible. Through him are promulgated all
orders of the Trustees, and of the committees, and with him
is the entire responsi1)ility for their prompt and successful
execution. The several departments of Library work are in
charge of responsible heads, through whom the Librarian
transmits all orders — either from the Trustees or himself —
affecting these departments ; and the Librarian-in-chief is
the organ of communication between these departments and
the Trustees. This system is simple and effective. It is
essential to any responsible administration. It informs the
Librarian of all matters necessary for him to know. It pro-
duces unity and prevents confusion. It works well, and I
have no change to propose. If the administration is not in
good order, and working to successful results, the fault is
mine. I now lay before the Trustees reports from the heads
of the several departments of the Library.
Ordering Department.
The work of this department consists mainly in ordering
the books required by the Library and in verifying and enter-
ing those received.
This work increases from year to year with the growth of
the Library in size and in usefulness to the public.
Orders have been sent during the year to the number of
about 8,407 ; of these 1,662 were ordered on the recom-
mendation of the public. Great trouble arises from the
vagueness and incorrectness of the recommendation slips,
and not only the unlettered offend in this respect, but those
whose education would lead one to hope for more exactness.
This is to be regretted, as it causes much waste of time, and
often defeats the ol)ject of the recommendation slips by
rendering it impossible to verify the titles given and order the
books desired. Of the recommendation slips sent in during
the year 334 were for books already in the Library. In
each of these cases a notice giving the number of the book
desired was sent to the person recommending.
There have been received by purchase, exchange, and gift,
and distributed to the Central Library and branches, 17,532
volumes, or an average number of a little less than 1,500
volumes per month. Of these 8,246 volumes were assigned
to Bates Hall, and a large proportion of these, being con-
sidered more suited for the use of the scholar and specialist
than for that of the general public, was paid for by special
funds given for the purpose, to the amount of $6,256.71.
Of the whole number of books received 14,490 were pur-
chased from the regular agents of the Library and others,
36 City Document No. 97.
315 came by exchange, and 2,727 were gifts. It will thus
be seen that much is due to the generosity of the public, not
only of this country, but also of foreign lands, since valuable
gifts have been received from England, France, Germany,
and other countries. Each of these gifts, when accompanied
by the name of the giver, is duly acknowledged ; the others
are credited to anonymous givers, and it will be seen by the
list of donors that their number is large. The above figures
do not include pamphlets, of which about 14,000 have been
received from various sources.
It is the duty of the department duly to enter each book
received, and to give it an accession number. A descriptive
slip is then made and put on file for future reference. The
accession numl)ers for the year have been those from
277,621 to 292,510, 277,620 numbers having been used
in previous years. Although it occupies much time, it
is judged necessary to collate, or examine for defects, all
foreign books (including English), all books purchased
by Fellowes Athenaeum, as well as American books of the
value of $5.00 and upwards.
Great care is taken by the department to avoid the pur-
chase of unnecessary duplicates, which would encumber the
already crowded shelves, and cause needless expense. In
this particular, the past year shows a good record ; the
duplicates purchased have been, with rare exceptions, those
deemed necessary to suppy the wants of the public. An
important branch of the work of the department is the prepa-
ration of books and periodicals for binding. A strict ac-
count is kept, and the number during the year has been
5,015.
Much method and exactness are required in order to give
to each of so numerous details a proper and timely atten-
tion, and at the same time to cause the whole to progress
harmoniously, and for the best interests of the public and
the Library ; the system must, nevertheless, be so flexible as
to allow for the unexpected arrival of a large invoice,
donation, or auction purchase. Error or delay in this de-
partment is felt injuriously in every part of the Library and
by the public.
HARRIET N. PIKE,
EDITH D. FULLER,
Ordering Department.
The work of this department becomes more complicated
and diflScult with the growth of the Library, and somewhat
irrespective of the amount of the annual accessions. Its
work is always exigent. It requires absolute accuracy, and
Public Library. 37
even in its routine will allow of no inattention. I think it
should be relieved of the examination which precedes all
purchases ; and that this work should be transferred to a
new officer, to whom also should be intrusted the official
card catalogue, with the duty of incorporating into it all new
cards, as well as attending to its correction and improvement.
Catalogue Department.
The following report of Mr. Whitney, the chief of the
Catalogue Department, will show the work of that branch
of the service during the library year.
A summary of the year's work, in the Catalogue Depart-
ment, is as follows : —
Volumes catalogued (new books) . . . 13,917
Pamphlets catalogued ..... 3,664
Number of cards added to the catalogues of the
Central Library and Branches . . . 73,221
Number of readers assisted by the catalogue
clerks in the Bates Hall of the Central
Library ....... 9,653
A new catalogue for the Dorchester Branch Library is
in course of preparation. As soon as the South End
Branch Library is moved to the High-School building, work
upon the partially finished catalogue will be resumed. In
the Lower Hall of the Central Library two new catalogues
will shortly be published : one an author catalogue of books
in foreign languages ; the other, a list of works in the arts
and sciences.
In order that the last-mentioned catalogue may help, as
far as possible, to improve the character of the reading at the
Library, notes have been added calling attention to the best
books in the Upper or Bates Hall, and purchases have been
recently made by the Trustees of such books as will prove
helpful to the artisan, mechanic, and the young who are in-
terested in .science and the study of nature.
The most important work of the department during the
year has been the revision of the Card Catalogue of the
Central Library, the plan of which was outlined in the last
Annual Report. In the progress of this revision, the sys-
tem of the catalogue has been greatly modified, and, it is
believed, put upon a solid and enduring basis. Clearly, in
a library such as this, the aim above all others should be to
make its readers promptly acquainted with the new books as
they are received from day to day, and to bring before the
38 City Document No. 97.
public, in the most simple and economical manner, under
one alphabet, arranged by authors and subjects, the title of
every book in its keeping. This object is never forgotten
by those who have the catalogue in charge ; but the difficul-
ties of the undertaking in a library as large as this, growing
with such rapidity, can hardly be conceived. If there has
ever been any ground for the charge that this object has been
lost sight of in the zeal for bibliographical research, such is,
certainly, the case no longer. There is the closest economy
and simplicity consistent with the character of the books,
which form so large a part of the Library.
Considerable progress has been made during the year up-
on the catalogue of the Barton collection. The quarterly
Bulletins have been published as heretofore. Aid has been
received in their preparation from Mr. Griffin, custodian of
the shelves, by whom a card catalogue of the mathematical
works in the Bates Hall has been prepared. The catalogue
department has been severely crippled during the past two
years by the loss of valuable assistants. Since the last
Annual Report one assistant has died and two have been
disal)led through ill health. It is believed that those who
remain are animated by the common purpose of keeping up
the high standard which this department has always main-
tained.
JAMES L. WHITNEY,
Principal Assistant Librarian.
Shelf Department.
The Custodian of the Shelves makes the following re-
port ; —
This department has in charge the location, according to
their classification, of all books added to the Central Library.
Appendixes 1, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 9, furnish the statistics of this
part of the work. A no inconsiderable portion of the time
of the undersigned is occupied in transferring periodical sets,
which have outgrown their accommodations. No record has
been kept of these changes, as they do not affect the general
statistics of the Library. The duty of making the annual
examination of the Library devolves upon this department,
for the detailed results of which I refer you to the tables in
Appendix 22.
Althoujjh a slight increase in the total of books unac-
counted for is shown, it is not such an increase as to excite
apprehension. The larger part of the deficiency is, as usual,
in the fiction collection, and the less valuable books in the
Lower Hall collection.
Public Library. 39
The number of hooks missing from Bates Hall is less than
last year ; and there are probably none of them which cannot
be accounted for.
The return of a book to the Library after an absence of
over twenty years, seems worthy of some notice. The book
in question, which bore the shelf marks assigned to it when
the Library was in Mason street, was retm'ned at the Bates
Hall desk by a person who found it among the effects of
one long since deceased. The Lil)rary has l)een in its pres-
ent quarters since 1858 ; consequently, this book must have
been out of its possession for twenty-three years at least.
I have also to report that one book has disappeared from
the Central Library Reading-room, and one from the Bates
Hall desk.
APPLETON P. C. GRIFFIN,
Custodian of the Shelves.
Bates Hall.
[The report of the Librarian of Bates Hall, which follows,
states clearly some of the .causes which interfere with the
prompt delivery of books applied for in that department ;
and I regret to add that some of these delays seem to be
irremediable so long as the Library remains in the present
building. Such, however, as are within administrative con-
trol will continue to receive attention until they are reduced
to the minimum. Much has been done in this direction during
the library year.]
The various tables in the Appendix will give the most im-
portant facts in regard to the number of volumes, circula-
tion, and classification of reading, in Bates Hall. There are
other matters, however, connected with the administration
which seem to me deserving of lirief mention.
The most common criticism, or complaint, of the Lil)rary
is, that there is unnecessary delay in the delivery of books,
that applicants are frequently kept waiting an unreasonable
time before they are informed whether the book wanted is in
or not. That there is some ground for complaint cannot l)e
denied, but there are facts, with which the public are un-
acquainted, or which they do not consider, that would, in
most cases, satisfactorily explain the delay.
The principal ol)stacles to a speedy delivery are the follow-
ing : 1st. The great distances to be traversed in procuring
books located in distant parts of the Library. This applies
especially to green slips where the applicant expects all the
numbers to be brought, which, in many cases, cannot be done
in less than ten or fifteen minutes. 2d. The crowded con-
40 City Document No. 97.
dition of some of our alcoves, which has obliged us to trans-
fer many of our books to other alcoves or to distant rooms,
so that the shelf-numbers given in our catalogues may not
correspond with those in the books. 3d. Mistakes of the
boys who bring the books, arising from their inexperience
and from the perfect similarity of the alcoves.
It is due to the administration to say that, in a very large
number of instances, delay is caused by carelessness on the
part of the public, as shown by mistakes in numljers, by
obscurity in designating the volume required, and by return-
ing l)ooks with the card and slip carefully concealed within.
The attendants can justly be held responsible for delays
coming under the third head only, and for general careless-
ness and neglect. It has been our constant aim during the
past year to overcome these difficulties. A system of rewards
and penalties has done much towards checking mistakes on
the part of the boys. Much, too, has been effected by the
Indicator, which now shows what books are in the hands of
borrowers, at the bindery, transferred, or for any other
reason absent from the shelves for any considerable time. •
If applicants would report at once to the officer in charge
any unreasonable delay, instead of deferring the complaint
till it is too late to ascertain who is responsible, the neglect,
if any, would be detected, or reasons for the delay would be
given. It is the testimony of the desk attendants, which
also agrees with my own observation, that complaints are not
nearly so numerous now as in former years. Foreigners and
others accustomed to the use of libraries abroad, express
astonishment at the promptness with which books are
delivered here.
The book of "Notes and Queries," kept at the desk, and
intended as a means of communication between the public
and the administration, has proved of great advantage, not
only to readers but to the Library. Mistakes and omissions
in the catalogue are pointed out, desirable books recom-
mended, and suggestions, often of practical value, made.
ARTHUR MASON KNAPP,
Librarian of Bates Hall.
LowEK Hall.
Mr. Tiffany's report of the Lower Hall Library shows the
class of subjects, connected with administration, which have
received his special attention : —
By reports already submitted you have been advised of
the extent and character of the circulation of this Hall for
the past year, as well as of the details of its various lines
Public Library. 41
of work. In respect to the latter some gain has been made
by a more systematic division of them ; while to secure a
prompter delivery of books, special attention has been paid
to their quick return to the shelves, and to the careful
adjustment of the force to the varying demands of days and
hours in the Hall. I think the number of complaints of
delay has been reduced, and that our delivery is as prompt
as possible, considering the height of our shelves, and the
great pressure upon the force at certain hours ; but no effort
shall be spared to effect improvement, if in any way pos-
sible. I feel justified in speaking well of the general
industry and faithfulness of the subordinate force.
How best to assist the public in the selection of books, is
a question that now engages largely the attention of libra-
rians. Much can, of course, be done by personal influence,
but the presence must be recognized in all libraries of a con-
sideral)le class of persons who prefer that the fullest infor-
mation of what is to be had shall be set before them, and then to
be their own assistants . This class of persons here rely largely
upon the catalogues and bulletins, and for titles of recent
books, upon the wall slip-board. I have endeavored, where
especial reason seemed to call for it, to supplement these by
lists of particular classes of books, or series of more than
ordinary merit. The free use that has been made of these
convinces me of their acceptability to the public, and the
importance, where time will allow, of continuing them.
Within the last year an advance has been made in the
establishment of closer relations with the public in this Hall,
and there have been many evidences that where this personal
assistance is rendered in an unobtrusive manner, it is cor-
dially met and often gratefully recognized. Information of
the most varied character is sought, and lines of inquiry
begun which lead to further investigation, and stimulate
mental activity, both on the part of the applicant and the
assistant. There is every reason to anticipate an increase of
this useful and interesting Avork, much of which, especially
in its relation to the younger visitors of the Hall, has de-
volved upon my principal assistant. Miss Jenkins.
Important additions of books have recently been made to
the German collection, and to that of Arts and Sciences.
The former are beginning already to circulate freely among
a class of persons who can only visit the Library in the even-
ing, and these, to a considerable extent, will be the users of
the latter. The selection was in general an admirable one,
most of them being of popular character, many relating to
arts of design, while some, more purely technical, will
benefit students or inquirers in special lines. The excellent
42 City Document No. 97.
recent catalogue, with its full cross references to subjects,
will greatly aid in the use of these books.
I have felt it to be an important part of my duty
to recommend that desirable and interesting books, which
might otherwise be overlooked, should be added to this
Hall, particularly in view of the fact that duplicates are
not placed in Bates Hall, and that so many l>ooks suitable
to both departments are now published. These requests
have been liberally met by the Trustees, to the great im-
provement of the Lower Hall collection.
In conclusion, in view of the high character of the addi-
tions in fiction made to this department during the last four
years, including many English stories not so well known to
the public as they deserve to be, I earnestly recommend
the printing, in simple form, of a supplementary finding list.
EDWARD TIFFANY,
Librarian of the Lower Hall.
LowEE Hall Caed Catalogue.
The following presents a summnry of what has been done
during the library year, by the curator of the Lower Hall
Card Catalogue : —
This department has now entered on the second year of its
existence, and ma}-- fairly be said to have vindicated its right,
at least, to live. Whether it should still be considered a
simple experiment, or a regular system, forming part of the
Lower Hall working force, can be readily gathered from
a glance at its results.
From May 1, 1880, to May 1, 1881, a total of 45,664
readers have been assisted at the catalogue desk. Out of
this sum, 16,939 were readers of non-fiction, assisted on
special subjects ; and about 8,000 were juveniles. The bal-
ance, 20,725 general readers, were merely helped to num-
bers from the card catalogue, or to the titles of popular
books of fiction. It is to be remarked, however, that this
help was not given with a view to making readers dependent.
The explanations were intended only to remove such obsta-
cles as would render further investigation by the reader easy
and interesting. Perhaps the best test of the new depart-
ment's influence for good is, not so much the amount of help
given, as the quality of the effects produced. That there is
a decided advance in the reading of the Lower Hall, is cer-
tain beyond a doubt. For, not only has much of the useless
reading of fiction dropped off during the past year, but even
the quality of fiction now circulated has itself been much
Public Library. 43
improved. The amount of this improvement can be exactly
calculated from the statistics of the Lower Hall circulation.
The question now arises, are these results permanent, — are
they likely to endure ? It can best be answered by an exam-
ination of the system employed to produce these results. As
the object was to make good reading easy, in every available
way, the most effective plan was found to be the bringing of
special books to the notice of individual readers; thrusting
into the hands of the borrower the book best adapted to his
actual wants. Now the means at our disposal for ascertain-
ing these wants are of the best ; for, through the agency of
the new department, the Librarian is brought into breathing
contact with the public, and even the poorest attempts at
self-culture can be easily recognized, encouraged, and helped.
Therefore, Ijesides the material good resulting from helps of
this kind rendered, there is a moral effect accruing from it
of sufficient importance to bear mention here. The depart-
ment is gradually building up an intelligent and grateful
constituency to the support of the Library ; and no class of
readers will be so warmly attached to the institution, by an
active interest, as those who are conscious of being person-
ally aided and improved through its influence.
T. H. CUMMINGS,
Curator of the Lower Hall Catalogue.
From the foregoing reports the Trustees will be able to
form some judgment as to the present condition of library
administration in the several departments. It is not perfect,
and probably never will be, either theoretically or practi-
cally ; but it is the subject of constant study and of constant
endeavor to adapt it to the ever-changing conditions of the
public service, which will continue to be as it ever has been —
the paramount consideration.
The Bindery.
By reason of the diminished force in the bindery during the
calendar year 1879, at its close there was found to be a large
accumulation of unbound books. To reduce their number,
those of the Lower Hall and Branches, for the following year,
were sent to an outside binder. Before the close of the
year arrearages were well brought up. Since January 1,
1881, all the Library work has been done in the Library bind-
ery.
The bindery has recently been placed on the same footing
as outside binderies ; and the narrowing of the morocco
44 City Document No. 97.
sidings, and omission of all unnecessary tooling and gilding,
promise to effect a considerable saving in labor and materials
without impairing the value of the work.
To determine with anything like precision the cost of the
whole work done by the bindery, compared Avith its probable
cost if done by an outside bindery, would be difficult if not
impossible, even to an expert ; and the opinions of others
would be of little or no value unless they were daily cog-
nizant of the varied special services required of the
establishment. These special services are incapable of precise
definition by contract, and their cost would be necessarily
left to the judgment and conscience of the party rendering
them.
It cannot be fairly claimed that the Library bindery, more
than any other department of municipal labor, is conducted
with the same refinement of economy as is reached by private
parties stimulated by that self-interest which enforces the
most rigid discipline, and is prompt to avail itself of substi-
tutes for sound materials and conscientious work, the lack of
which is only manifest when it is too late to demand restitu-
tion.
But it may be fairly said that its methods and its results
are the subjects of constant supervision'; that its employes
are held to exact accountability for full and diligent use of the
time for which they are paid ; that the stock is economically
purchased and judiciously used, and that the work turned out,
judged by any standard at home or abroad, is first-class.
On the general question whether the Library should main-
tain a l)indery or have its work done outside, there are some
considerations which seem to me to be worthy of note. The
public are justly impatient when delayed in the use of books
essential to their purposes ; and it is therefore of the first im-
portance— even if it should cost a trifle more — not only
that binding and rebinding should be done with all possible
promptitude, but that in case of exigency, books may be con-
sulted when in the bindery. This is practicable when the
binding is done in the Library building, and the books are
consulted in the presence of the Librarian, but not otherwise.
Much of the work is exigent, especially all those small re-
pairs needed to fit the book for circulation which can be
promptly done, and the book immediately delivered to the
applicant, when the bindery is at hand ; otherwise long and
vexatious delays may ensue.
A considerable part of the work -— especially works pub-
lished serially, with complicated tables and plates in foreign
languages — can be properly done only by one specially ex-
perienced in such work and who has constant and easy refer-
Public Library. 45
ence to the preceding volumes. Attempted by any other,
confusion and loss inevitably follow.
The greater safety from fire in a building substantially fire-
proof, of valuable, and, it may be, unique works, is a fact too
obvious in its importance to be dwelt upon ; but the greater
safety of maps, plans, portraits, and views — which, in many
cases, chiefly give value to the works in which they are found
— though less obvious, is not less important. To collate
them in every instance — and nothing less would insure their
safety — once before they go to the bindery and again on
their return, and to make an accurate list of the same, would
involve troublesome delay and great cost of labor.
To all the foregoing it may be answered that an outside
bindery can be secured having a force thoroughly instructed
in all general and special work of the Library, and which,
putting aside all private orders, could do the Library work
as well, and meet all exigencies as promptly, as the Library
bindery, which may be true ; and if true, with this result :
that the Library, instead of having its bindery in its own fire-
proof, convenient, and accessible apartments, under its own
immediate daily supervision and control, Avould maintain it
— substantially — outside, with all the added risks and un-
avoidal)le delays, inconvenience to the public and its own
employes, without authoritative supervision and with doubt-
ful economy in the long run. I am not prepared to recom-
mend the change.
For further detailed information, I respectfully refer you
to the appended tables.
MELLEN CHAMBERLAIN,
Librarian.
Boston, April 30, 1881.
APPENDIXES
TO THE
LIBEAEIAN'S EEPOET.
1881.
LIST OF APPENDIXES.
I. Extent op the Library (by Years).
II. Yearly Increase by Purchase and Donation.
III. Extent of the Bates Hall Collection.
IV. Extent of Lower Hall Collection.
V. Sale of Duplicates and Odd Volumes.
VI. Increase of the Several Departments.
VII. Increase from Newly Published Books.
VIII. Bates Hall Classifications.
IX. Lower Hall Classifications.
X. Givers and Amount of Gifts.
XI. Circulation.
XII. Registration of Applicants.
XIII. Books Recommended. Use of Patent Library.
XIV. Bates Hall Reading.
XV. Lower Hall and Branch Reading.
XVI. Fellowes Athen^um and Brighton Reading.
XVII. Periodical Reading Rooms.
XVIII. Losses and Delinquents.
XIX. Financial Statement.
XX. Library Funds.
XXI. Library Service.
XXII. Report of Examination of the Shelves.
XXIII. Work in the Library Bindery.
Public Library.
49
Pamphlets
added fioin the
heginning.
West
ROXEURT
Delivery.
Jamaica
Plain
Branch.
South End
Branch.
Dorchester
Branch.
r-tOt-COCOOOiOt^r^-^COt
■CO'X)CO-^t-0<DC5COOOr-(MOO-^0-^»0
lOyDrfiTil— r--f<a0iOC')C-l»n>i^rHr-Hp0O5
' »n i--^ H* c-1 r-t t— t^ r? — < o c- o a; -+ o lO ^
CO CO c<J CO 1- a; o t- 00 T^ f
CJ CO T* 1^ .^ -.t r: o c-i -^ o I-* o Tl
Brighton
Branch.
Charlestown
Branch.
Fellowea
Athe-
naeum.
City part.
South Boston
Branch.
East Boston
Branch.
Duplicate
Boom
News-
paper
Lower
HaU.
Bates
Hall.
i-lrHT-lT-IC^ClC^CCCOCOCO-^-^CDt-Xwr-ic:OXCli-HC-lcO'-'^
; ^ r- o o ^ oD
^ t- C-? 'r» CI rH ro
(N O C^ 00 CN
. -t< O 00 l^
o -* -. o
x'^o oi"
. O O ^ -O (M c
• 00 00 CTi O O
n ^ <-! r-in <» t~ (x>
T-Ti-rrHriofofcToo'
, 00 O -+ -^ f-H o c
cao cr. OJ 00 00 t
'rHi-Hi-Hr-Hi-Hr-iriC^
.lAOOOOU^OIt-COO
■ -■) rt o CO i^ e-1 CO oi
1 00 t^ 1.-5 o -t« -M GO
rH 00 ^ O CO 1
, CO CI 00^ ^- '-"5 I
T* cooo ocf .
5 O i' r*- ri 00 00 »o c»
5 Ci CO C-1 CO u-^ I- O rH
(N of co" ■^ •* ■* o" i~r
.oroco^eo-+a>oooi
CO ■<* CO* t-^ GO t-h" i-T of of
Sit
CO.-I
I^IM 00 OO-C
O Ol 00 t- o
00 ^ Ol r-(t~
SS^
T* OU5 to t-
00
QD
C3> OJ CS
CO
o>
co
t^ jt-^ 00 oT
,0000— ■l-'rii-Ha)i-frHCCi-(ririC0rHT^3i?0aJOt— co-^
i-li-iC0"^^0i0-^OO>0CC'O'X'l
■30CJOi-lT-iC^'*C0C^
rH -M •* CJ -r- -M ^3 O 'r**
Previously included in the Bates Hall ^-^J-S-frS"!^ ""^^^'
collection. ^' ^' ^■>^^-^'
<MC^C<»Ci?5COCOCOCO
a!Or-(i-lv0C^Ot001'XJC0CftTt<lr-OCD»n!(N00C^O.-IC0
i-iocoao'MaiocoaiociC'i
■ c-1 o '31 a: o t
r-lT-(rH(MC^C^<N(N^C^(M<MCOC^?:)COcOCO?3cOcOCOCO
C^l <S ^ lt:; o ri t- t^
"t. ^1 '^1 ^ ^ - 1 "I *"!
CO O "t:) rl
"tJOt-t-XCOOiOOi-trHC^rSrt*
f-H t- Ol '^ O r- 30 C~1 Xi CD X* O CO O
00 --O i-H 30 CO t- -^ CI CO ri -M -tJ< 3C O
O ^'*,'^*-^'*,'^ -— ( 3! CO O O '^ O
* — r oc" '--f 't' cT ^f c^r o" oT
-* --C W X- r. O rH CI C^
Total Volumes
in the Libraries.
ao<-^r-OcD»-HCOi— ico-*cO-^'tOaooc^i:OcOOGO!OOacr5 C -tcOLOco
aot^i— <aoj;»-.':>--+rox. co'-ocoi— ir-GoaJ3it--»ooou'2i-Hr-i-iroocico
(0 "M '^^O 3(^30 O^O^ CO O^ir^ri^C^O^OOl-^ij^C^CJl^-l^uOO^
oT CD* cf x" -^ o CO irf ^^ lo" o" '^ co" cT CO Tf c<r o oT c-f ^r cT -^ 1-
*rH<NC^C^C<COWcOCOCO
• OrHO^COrl*OeDt-<»aiO.-l
r-IC^?4COt-t*COaiC)r-»t— iC^COCO-
r- CO OS o '-I ^ CO 't uo O t
i.O»OOOcC'OOOtOCDCDCOXil - - - - , _ _ -
I -i r- x 3i C' F-H ri cc -* '-o O t^ :
• t^r-t— t— t-t-GOoo
OO aC 30 GO 3C C
; c. — '- ri CO ■ . _ _ .
; ,.t tr -r CD --D CD CD X> -D CO :
1 X X X X :
' X X XCC :
i-IC^CO-^OOt-COOSOr-tC-ieO-rfliftcOt-aOaiOr-llMcO-^iO'OiwXCS
.af=<
,= T3 3
=5 o
S ■* "
P ■S'3
•a g
0^ a>
H a
50
City Document No. 97.
appe:ndix n.
YEARLY INCREASE OF THE WHOLE LIBRARY BY PURCHASE AJSTD BY GIFTS.
Note. — The increase of volumea is not the sum of those added by gift and purchase, etc., because lost
and condemned books are deducted.
Yi
AR3.
Increase.
(Net after 1861.)
Gifts.
Purchases, in-
cluding those
charged to funds
and added by
exchange.
•a 3
s o
■sa
eg
Vols.
Pamph.
Vols.
Pamph.
Vols.
*Pamph.
Vols.
1 . . .
1852-53
1853-64
1854-55
9,688
6,533
6,396
961
2,989
2,557
4,000
2,152
2,663
961
2,989
2,468
5,688
4,381
3,733
75
2 , . .
105
3. . .
89
153
4. . .
1855-56
5,463
5,879
1,865
5,330
3,598
549
126
5. . .
1856-57
6,816
3,667
1,686
3,646
5,130
21
132
6 . . .
1857-58
1868-59
1859-60
1860-61
35,955
7,192
6,989
16,948
1,885
1,317
1,452
6,674
30,214
3,406
3,744
12,299
1,886
1,317
1,452
6,656
5,741
3,787
3,245
4,649
381
7 . . .
247
8 . .
207
9 . . .
18
242
10 . . .
1861-62
1862-63
7,391
5,529
1,493
2,169
1,274
829
1,493
, 1,958
6,117
4,700
234
11. . .
212
194
12. . .
1863-64
6,226
2,939
1,081
2,772
5,145
167
219
13 . . .
1864-65
6,082
1,516
804
1,026
6,178
490
328
U. . .
-1865-66
7,662
4,013
1,476
3,342
6,286
671
336
15. . .
1866-67
5,303
7,877
1,465
7,769
7,732
108
300
16. . .
1867-68
7,673
2,811
1,564
2,613
6,396
298
. .
342
IT. . .
1868-69
8,685
13,923
2,138
10,984
6,531
2,939
649
18. . .
1869-70
7,775
13,693
1,643
10,228
6,129
3,365
666
19. . .
1870-71
18,099
14,976
9,760
10,805
8,349
4,171
604
20. . .
1871-72
13,708
10,637
4,349
5,831
9,359
4,806
610
21. . .
1872-73
14,644
11,770
3,939
8,060
10,706
3,710
865
601
22. . .
1873-74
51,094
22,475
4,783
17,138
18,671
5,337
1,330
730
23. . .
1874-75
16,372
16,293
4,169
16,899
17,080
394
572
1,091
24. . .
1876-76
20,955
30,732
5,749
6,891
15,206
24,841
769
694
25 . . .
1876-77
16,974
13,305
3,662
11,071
16,644
2,234
738
1,125
26. . .
1877-78
33,724
15,554
21,206
12,453
17,679
3,101
196
677
27. . .
1878-79
14,926
14,596
3,680
8,786
14,403
5,810
211
470
28. . .
1879-80
16,262
9,524
5,524
8,356
15,016
1,367
361
546
29. . .
1880-81
14,113
13,961
2,742
10,787
13,396
3,176
2,111
499
♦ Includes jjamplilets added both by purchase and exchange, as taken from the Accession catalogue.
t Included in previous columns. These volumes are not the property of the Public library, but form a
part of the Roxbury branch by agreement.
(6) Of the increase, 24,618 were the Bates gift. (9) Of the increase, 11,721 were the Parker bequests.
(19) 3,774 volumes of the Ticknor bequest, and 2,682 from the Sumner library association, are included
in the increase. (20) 1,471 volumes from the JIattapan Literary association are included in the increase.
(22) The increase of this year includes the totals of the libraries at Charlestown and Brighton, and also,
under purchases, the Barton library.
(24) The purchases of this year include thirty volumes to replace books in tlie Bates Ilall long lost. The
great accession ot pamphlets came from the purcliase of duplicates from Harvard College library.
(26) The unusual increase is owing to the addition of the books of the Mercantile library association,
ifhich form the nucleus of the South-End branch.
Public Library.
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54
City Document No. 97.
APPEIS^DIX YI.
INCREASE OF THE SEVERAL DEPARTMENTS.
H
H
H
H
Qt
H
9
OD
H
e
ac
H
H
!
G-ain in books .
Condemned- and
transferred . .
L Net gain ....
11,349
6,900
1
6,800
5
17,613
6,377
3
9,818
2
9,049
21
11,638
36
8,362
48
7,782
24
8,506
184
^
11,349
6,899
6,795
17,613
6,374
9,816
9,028
11,602
8,314
7,758
8,322
■ Gain in books .
Less transfers
and condemn'd
books ....
. Net gain ....
2,780
2,115
2,614
1,361
1,799
1,021
1,465
1,480
3,385
2,586
3,570
1,813
3,830
1,701
2,728
* 2,344
2,339
2,085
2,483
2,094
2,376
1,164
665
1,253
778
(loss) 15
799
1,757
2,129
384
254
389
1,212
254
101
402
335
157
126
66
25
132
69
^
§■§ 1
sg 1
255
101
402
335
157
126
41
132
69
^ C Gala by addition
e • Less loss by ex-
1,375
506
1,641
334
1,234
786
1,902
519
1,015
351
1,677
718
3,216
1,443
784
2,177
386
1,233
§•? 1
^ i. Net gain ....
149
360
869
1,307
448
1,383
664
959
1,773
1,393
loss.
847
loss.
^ Gain in books .
Cond'd and lost
L Net gain ....
5,936
881
621
664
915
917
856
676
716
649
50
97
143
334
273
250
270
403
406
5,936
831
524
521
581
644
606
406
313
243
587
377
885
76
850
217
1,359
644
1,261
495
1,303
413
823
247
854
329
935
581
995
■§<
644
fiqPl
°^ [Net gala ....
4,365
809
633
715
766
890
576
525
354
351
■ Gain in city part
Cond'd and lost
3,754
4
1,069
26
1,296
46
1,299
163
1,396
304
3,542
701
1,167
532
778
333
811
«
335
^
§
3,750
865
1,043
1,330
1,250
572
1,136
759
1,092
738
2,841
196
635
220
445
361
476
.5 <
i
Fellowes Athe-
nseum. (Net
2,111
Total gala . . .
4,615
2,373
1,822
1,895
1,830
3,037
855
806
2,587
* Tbis item is exceptionally large, as many duplicates not in use, and broken sets, have been
transferred to the Duplicate room, to make room on the shelves for fresh accessions.
Public Library.
55
APPE:N^DIX yi. — Continued.
an
H
ae
H
H
H
H
OS
j»
ac
H
©
at)
at)
H
ac
aD
H
g
15,932
144
1,305
403
1,004
300
1,123
433
995
398
1,268
274
1,310
340
1,568
425
^t;
■£ g
J'* (.Net gain ....
15,788
902
704
690
597
994
970
1,143
11,049
12
480
75
599
130
480
74
264
46
236
47
273
27
183
j-s
26
•~ g
(^•^ Net gain ....
11,037
405
469
406
218
189
246
117
s.
' Gain in books .
54
3,905
3,179
32
1,057
16
341
25
672
110
926
166
640
128
i^«
^^-
3,905
3,147
1,041
616
562
760
512
24
19
39
139
6,401
2
696
26
539
18
450
■§•§
C^ s < Cond'd and loBt .
'3
^•* Net gain ....
6,399
670
521
427
til
8,856
52
522
86
368
110
215
•■s s -i Cond'd and lost .
206
S !«
t§ ■* Net gain ....
8,804
436
258
9
Bates Hall gain .
Lower Hall gain
Newspaper room
gain
Duplicate room
gain
E. B. branch gain
8. B. branch gain
Rox. branch gain
Fellowes Athe-
naeum gain . .
Chn. branch gain
Bri. branch gain
Dor. branch gain
J. P. branch gain
9. E. branch gain
I. Total gam
11,349
665
149
5,936
18,099
6,899
1,253
360
831
4,365
13,708
6,795
778
254
869
524
809
3,750
865
14,644
19,271
(loss) 15
101
1,307
521
633
1,043
1,330
15,788
11,037
54
24
51,109
6,374
799
402
448
581
715
1,250
572
902
405
3,905
19
16,372
9,816
1,757
335
1,383
644
766
1,136
759
704
469
3,147
39
9,028
2,129
157
664
606
890
1,092
738
690
406
1,041
139
11,602
384
126
959
406
576
2,841
196
597
218
616
6,399
8,804
17,277 33,724
8,314
254
41
1,773
313
525
635
220
994
189
562
670
436
14,926
7,758
243
354
445
361
970
246
760
521
258
14,112
8,322
1,212
210
351
476
2,111
1,143
117
512
427
9
14,113
The total gain includes the 1 vol. at the "West Roxbury delivery gained during the year, less 847
vols., the loss in the Duplicate room.
56
CiTT Document No. 97.
APPEOT)IX YII.
INCREASE FROM NEWLY PUBLISHED BOOKS.
H
Qt
r4
ac
H
H
IS
t»
OB
H
e
<X)
H
H
ao
aci
f4
9
ct
H
H
- rt
English books -with
British imprint . .
English books with
American imprint .
English books with
Continental impiint
Foreign books . . .
Duplicates of either
class when not in-
cluded in the other
899
2,206
48
561
480
1,096
3,642
115
891
1,389
4,301
291
1,064
1,294
3,807
125
858
1,533
7,365
375
767
2,830
10,501
316
1,858
2,237
6,761
180
1,742
1,763
5,546
191
1,269
1,781
5,295
233
1,372
1,555
5,637
238
1,399
1,841
4,346
186
1,245
Total
4,194
5,744
7,045
6,084
10,040
15,505
10,920
8,769
8,681
8,829
7,618
APPENDIX VIII
BATES HALL CLASSIFICATIONS,
(Representing books located only.)
VII.
vm.
XI.
xn.
xm.
XIV.
XV.
XVI.
xvn.
xvm.
XIX.
XX.
XXI.
xxn.
xxm.
XXIV.
Cyclcpfedias, etc
Bibliography and literary history
General history, biography, travel, and geography
English history, etc
French history, etc
Italian history, etc
German history, etc
Greek, Latin, and philology ,
Spanish and Portuguese history and literature
Other history, geography, biography, travel, and litcratur
Periodicals and transactions
Theology, ecclesiastical history, etc
Metaphysics and social science
Jurisprudence
Political economy
Medical science
Natural history and science
Mathematics and physical science
Useful arts
Fine arts
Bound volumes of miscellaneoua pamphlets
Bound volumes of mauuscripts
Totals 7,508
General Libraries.
1,305
1,018
1,109
1,023
1,105
1,120
Si
73 73 SI'S
1,410
5,828
6,775
26,5«
21,670
12,179
7,38'
7,496
5,221
1,095
5,769
16,757
17,480
7,37
3,82
2,403
11,014
7,125
8,446
4,869
Special Libraries.
1861. 1866. 1871. 1873.
1,307
1,125
3,243
1,254
161
1,004
3,702
2,628
36'
Total,
including
special
libraries.
1,9.'>S
7,420
7,fi9.i
29,8.33
28,705
15,570
8,089
9,141
7,316
0,058
0,353
19,110
22,495
8,9.56
4,-236
2,604
11,146
7,385
lO.OSi
4,925
6,981
643
Explanation. — Class in includes general history, universal biographies, histories of eras, voyages, and
travels, when embracing several countries, and collected works of historians.
Class IV includes North and South American history, documents and statistics, biographies of Americans,
geography of, and voyages and travels, in America, witli the collected works of American writers, and what
of American literature is sometimes termed polygi-aphy.
Class V, Class VI, Class VII, Class VIII. — These have the same scope for the respective countries that
Class IV has for America. Class Vm includes also Belgium, the Netherlands, and Switzerland, as also the
Scandinavian nations.
Class XI includes Russia, Greece, Turkey, with Asia, Africa, AustraUa, Polynesia, etc.
Class XIV includes political science, social science, and ethics, applied and unapplied, intellectual science,
education, rhetoric, logic, phrenology, etc.
Class XIX includes mechanics, military and naval arts, agriculture, domestic arts, etc.
Class XXII embraces all such pamphlet volumes as may have been received from time to tune, and al6
generally too heterogeneous in their make-up to be dassed otherwise than by themselves. fenei-al
Class XXIV includes only the Shakespeare collecUon of the Barton Ubrary, and not that of the General
"^^ The subdivisions of classes are kept in ranges by themselves, so that for P>'r.l'?f„« "^ T'un nn^n s°ucb uointf
percentage of use, it is practicable at any time to get exact figures upon the subdrasions «» a |o upon ''"^1> P"'"'»
as biogrlphy. travel, and voyages, etc., by summing the results ot the ranges devoted to ihem in the s. veral
^'°°Note - The increase of the several special libraries is included in the figures for these libraries. The dales
given in the special libraries column show the year when acquired by the library.
' Includes all books in room G, — 12,108 of them belonging to the Barton library, as originally shelved there.
[ 114 books transferred to B. H., and deducted.
f Patent records of the Colony of Victoria.
* 44 of these books were transferred to the Franklin collection, and are enumerated with that collection.
APPENDIX IX.
EXTENT OF LOWER HALL COLLECTION, AND ADDITIONS TO AND TOTALS OP THE DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATIONS.
Theology, moral and intellectual eciunce, etc
Jurisprudence and political science
Medicine, mathematics, physics or natural science
Useful and fine arts, military and naval science
American history and politics
Foreign liistory and pohtics
Poetry, drama, oratory, rhetoric
English prose fiction, including juvenile fiction, and other juvenile hooks
Biography
Travels
Libraries, collections, periodicals
German
Italian books
French books
Spanish books
Books of reference
639
1,086
1,363
2,467
10,469
3,478
1,247
639
1,070
1,359
2,529
11,281
2,281
1,980
3,771
1,260
226
ExtentofL.H. collection 30,574 1 31,827 32,605 32,596 33,395 35,152 35,478 36,862 36,116
656
1,077
1,354
2,544
11,864
2,246
1,965
1,070
1,362
2,540
11,868
2,234
1,986
3,728
1,261
1,822
301
2,116
691
1,072
1,380
2,572
12,426
2,278
2,040
3,698
1,263
229
716
1,112
1,392
2,667
13,899
2,347
2,061
3,928
1,201
203
715
1,129
1,477
2,868
13,601
2,489
2,186
3,865
1,313
732
1,113
1,439
2,930
13,742
2,448
2,132
4,035
1,334
154
1,868
334
2,276
750
1,119
1,463
2,964
13,695
2,476
2,153
4,072
1,361
155
757
1,132
1,507
3,030
13,633
2,586
2,189
4,083
1,376
794
1,151
1,W1
3.197
14,016
2.672
2,294
4,225
1.479
158
Reported last ye
Total gain in 1880-81.
» This class, embracing sets like Bohn's " Libraries," etc., includes many books, of course, which, in a minute classification, would have been divided among all the previous heads of this table,
t The books enumerated in this item are mostly imperfect sets.
Note. — The column of "Condemned books replaced," includes books condemned in previous years as well as in the current year. The column "Total added" shows the number of volumes ae put upon the shelves, counting as one thosi
bound two volumes in one, etc. The small gain in this Hall is accounted for by the fact that many old books not in request and broken Sets have been taken off the shelves, to make room for newer books.
Public Libkaey.
57
APPENDIX X.
GIFTS, MAY 1, 1880, TO APRIL 30, 1881.
Givers (excluding anonymous) . . . . . 499
Volumes 2,742
Pamphlets 10,787
Givers.
Australia
Abbot, Francis E., Cambridge .
Abbott, Samuel A. B.
Adelaide Philosophical Society, Adelaide,
Albree, John .....
Albree, Joseph, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Allen, Bev. George, Wo7-cester .
Allen, Stephen M., Duxbury
Allen, Willard S
Allen, Zachariah, Providence, R.L
American Antiquarian Society, Worcester
American Association for the Advancement of Science
Salem .........
Local Committee of the Boston Meeting
American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions
American Institute of Mining Engineers, Easton, Pa.
American Iron and Steel Association, Philadelphia
American Oriental Society, New Haven, Conn.
American Pharmaceutical Association, Philadelphia
American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia .
American Society of Civil Engineers, New York City
Ames, John D., Binghamion, N. Y.
Anonymous ....
Appleton, Nathan
Arana, Vicente de, Bilbao, Spain
Archseological Institute of America
Associated Charities of Boston .
Astronomical Observatory, Harvard
Atkinson, Edward
Ayer, Dr. J. C, & Co., Lowell .
Baird, Henry C, & Co., Philadelphia
Balfour, David M
Bancroft, C. F. P., Ph. D., Exeter, N.H. .
Barry, Sir Redmond, Melbourne, Australia
Bastide, Comte de . . . . .
Baxter, Joseph N
Bearse, Austin
Beedham, B. H., Kimbolton, England
Bell, Hon. Charles H., Exeter, N.H.
Benet, Brig. Gen. S.V., Washington, D.C.
Berkshire Life Insurance Company, Pittsfield
Bethune, George A., M.D
Bianciardi, Carlo, Florence, Italy
Biddle, Chapman, Philadelphia
Bigelow, Timothy
College, Cambridge
map
2
11
1
1
3
2
2
92
Pphs.
23
U
1
1
2
1
1
1
5
1
1
887
17
2
58
City Document No. 97.
Givers.
1 map
71 newspapers
34 cards, 2 maps
^ork City
Biker, Julio F. J., Lisbon, Portugal.
Blakiston, Presley, Philadelphia
Bliven, Charles E., Perry sburg, Ohio
Boehraer, Prof. Eduard, Strasshurg, Germany
Bolton, Prof. H. Carrington, Hartford, Conn.
Boston, City of .
Water Board .
Boston Gas Light Company
Boston Medical Library Association
Boston Society of Natural History
Boston Traveller Office
Boston University
Bourinot, John G., Ottawa, Canada
Bowman, Hon. S. Z., Washington, D.C.
Bradlee, Rev. Caleb D., 1 map, a lot of broadsides, 75
newspapers .........
Bradley, G. P., Portland, Me., 2 boxes of old newspapers
Breck, Charles, Milton .... 1 broadside
Brewster, J. L., Lawrence
Bridges, Robert, London
British Museum, London
Brock, R. A., Richmond, Va
Brooks, Francis A.
Brooks, Frederick
Brophy, Thomas C. .
Brown, Ammi
Brown, Francis H., iLD.
Brown, William R.
Buckingham, John, New I
Bunker, Miss S.
Burroughs, Rev. Henry, D
Butler, E. R. .
Byram, E. R. .
Caldwell, Joseph
Calvert, George H., NewpoH, R.I.
Canada Geological Survey, Montreal
Carnes, George A., San Francisco, Cal
Carret, Jose F.
Cartee, Cornelius S., 3LD. . . • . .
Cary, Thomas G., Cambridge .....
Caulfield, Richard, LL.D., Cork, Ireland
Chadwick, Lieut. F. E., Washington, D.C. :
Chamberlain, Hon. Joshua L., LL.D., Brunswick, Me
Chamberlain, Hon. Mellen . . . .16 broadsides
Chandler, Horace P. .
Chandler, Hon. Peleg W. ....
Chapin, Alfred C, New York City
Chapman, A. F. .....
Chelsea, City of . » .
Cheney, Mrs. E. D
Cheney, Rev. Oren B., D.D., Lewiston, Me
Chevaillier, Miss A. A. .
Chicago Historical Society, Chicago, III. .
Child, Prof. Francis J., Cambridge .
Christern, F. W., New York City
Christian Register Association .
Cincinnati, Ohio, Public Library
Clapp, Herbert C, M.D
Clark, Rev. George Faber, Mendon .
Clarke, Rev. James Freeman, D.D. .
D.
1 newspaper
1 map
Pphs
163
1
4
1
102
1
3
16
2
2"
1
1
2
1
1
9
37
16
49
1
1
182
50
2
15
20
32
11
1
30
59
1
3
1
2
18
1
1
2
Public Library.
59
Givers.
France
6 broadsides, 1 map
. 28 broadsides
maps
Clarke, Robert, Cincinnati, Ohio
Cleaves, Emery ....
Cobden Club, London
Coffin, Charles C. . . .
Colbert, Mme. la Marquise de, Paris
Concord Free Public Library
Connecticut State Library, Hartford
Cook, G
Cook, George J. . . .
Coolidge, David H. .
Coolidge, Henry J. . . .
Coolidge, Mrs. J. H. .
Corey, Charles A., Bedford
Crofton, Henry T., Manchester, England.
Crosby, John L., Bangor, Me. .
Cross, James M., Providence, R.I.
Culley, Eli, Fitchburg
Curtis, Col. H. P., Washington, D.C.
Gushing, William, Cambridge .
Cutter, Abram E. . . .
Cutter, George F., Washington, D.C.
Cyr, Prof. Narcisse .
Darling, F. O
Dartmouth College, Hanover, N.H.
Davenport, Bennett F., J/. Z>. .
Davis, Thomas W.
Day, Albert, M.D. .
Dean, Benjamin ....
De Costa, Rev. B. F., New York City
Delaware Historical Society, Wilmington, Del.
Del Mar, Alex., Sa7i Francisco, Cal.
De Medicis, Charles, New York City .
Denison, Charles, M.D., Denver, Col.
Dennet, Charles F., Brighton, England .
Dennett, William S
Depew, Chauncey M. ....
Devonshire, Duke of, London .
Dexter, Franklin B., New Haven, Conn. .
Dexter, G., Cambridge ....
Dillaway, Charles K
Dixwell, Mrs. John J. . . . .
Doliber, Thomas ... 26 broadsides, 5
Drury College, Springfield, Mo.
Duane, William, Philadelphia .
Duncan, J. T., Meriden, N.H. .
Earle, Pliny, M.D., Northampton
East Boston Advocate, Publishers
Eastern Yacht Club .
Eastman, Edson C, Concord, N.H.
Eaton, John, Washington, D.C.
Edes, Henry H. .a lot of broadsides, 11 newspapers
Edes, Robert T., if.Z>
Edinburgh Geological Society, Edinburgh
EUery, Harrison .....
Ellis, Rev. George E., D.D.
Elson, Louis C. .
Elwyn, A. L., Philadelphia . .
Emerson, Hon. George B., 100 broadsides, 5
64 maps, 145 newspapers
Engineers Club, Philadelphia .
engravmgs
maps
Pphs.
1
2
51
43
1
24
11
1
2
77
40
2
2
1
835
18
1
427
4
10
3
1
2
2
7
1
12
3
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
438
25
1
1
3
6
986
5
1
1
3,806
4
60
City Document No. 97.
GlTBBS.
Essex Institute, Salem
Faber, Paul
Farnham, C. C, Randolph ......
Field, Richard M
'F\e\di,Hon.W.k.,Wa$hington,D.C. , . . .
First Church, Boston .......
First Church, Dorchester
First Parish, Gloucester .
Firth, Abraham 11 broadsides
Fisher, Charles H., ^.Z>., ProOTcZtncc, JS./.
Fitch, Edward Oliver
Fletcher Free Library, Burlington, Vt
Floye, W. J
Folsom, A. A. .
Folsom, Norton, M.D., Cambridge
Ford, William E
Forster, Edward J., M.D.
Foster, William E., Providence, E.I.
Foster, William H
France, Bureau des Travaux Publics ....
Francis, Miss A. B., Cambridge .....
French, Seth, Jacksonville, Fla. .....
Friends' Free Library, Germantovm, Pa.
Furnivall, Frederick J., i/ondo^
Gaffield, Thomas
Ganz, Edward N., M.D 1 etching
Geist, Mrs. C. F., New York City
Germantown Relief Society, Germantown, Pa.
Gifford, S. N
Gilpin, Edwin, Halifax, N.S.
Globe Newspaper Company
Goddard, Delano A. ....... .
Godkin, E. L., & Co., New York City, 37 broadsides, 1
map, 725 newspapers .......
Goeje, Prof. M. J., de, Ley den
Goldsmith, Benjamin W. .......
Goodrich, James J., Ipswich ......
Goodwin, W. N., Philadelphia ......
Gould, S. C, Manchester, N.H.
Gray, Miss .........
Great Britain, Commissioner of Patents ....
Green, Milbrey, M.D
Green, Samuel A., M.D., 1 broadside, 6 Franklin medals,
3 maps, 1 photograph, 1 portrait
Greenough, Charles P
Greenough, W. A., & Co. . . . . . • .
Greenough, William W .
Groton, Town of .
Hale, Rev. Edward E
Hall, Prof. E. W., Waterville, Me
Hall & Whiting
Halliwell-Phillips, J. O., Brighton, England .
Harlow, Hon. George H., Springfield, III .
Hart, Charles H., Philadelphia .....
Hartwell, Edward M., Baltimore, Md
Harvard College Library, Cambridge ....
Haskins, David G. ....... .
Hawkins, Dexter A., New York City . . .
Haynes, Prof. Henry W. . .... 1 chart
Hazard, Rowland, Providence, R.I. .
Pphs.
8
7
1
3
26
4
1
25
2
1
1
2
1
13
1
119
31
2
3
1
2
4
49
1
28
1
92
1
498
15
21
11
8
1
1
1
75
1
1
1
1
56
1
843
27
120
6
1
50
1
5
1
1
7
Public Library.
61
GrvEES.
newspaper
R.I.
83 maps
Hilgard, J. E., Washington, D.C.y
Hill, Mrs
Hodgson, William, Bequest of .
Homes, F. B., St. Louis, Mo., .
Hovey, William A. .
Hughes, H. T., Carmarthen, Wales .
Huling, Ray Greene ....
Hunter, Rose & Co., Toronto, Canada
Huntington, E. A., Auburn, N. Y.
Huson, Mrs. H. C. .
Hutchins, Charles ....
Huth, Alfred H
Hylton, John D., Palmyra, N.J.
Institution of Civil Engineers, London
Jarvis, William P. . . . .
Jay, John, New York City
Jeffries, B. Joy, M.D., 4 broadsides, 4 maps, 2 newspapers
Jenkins, Miss M. A. .
Jenks, Rev. Henry F. . . .
Johnston, Henry P., New York City .
Jones, G. I. & Co., St. Louis, Mo.
Jones, Mrs. Susan C. ...
Joy, Prof. C. A., Stockbridge .
Kansas Board of Agriculture
Kelley, Hon. Frank H., Wo7-cester .
Kemp, Charles P., 31. D., Rugby, Term.
Kerr, Prof. W. C, Raleigh, N.C. .
Kimball, David P. . . . .
King, Rev. Henry M., B.D.
Knapp, Arthur M., .
Knapp, Prof. William J., New Haven, Conn.
Knortz, Karl, Johnstown, Pa.
Knowlton, T. S., West Brookfield
Knox, Hon. John J., Washington, D.C.
Koenigliche Bayerische Akademie der
Munich, Germany ....
Koenigliche Oeffentliche Bibliothek, Dresden, Germany
Ladd, Charles R., Springfield
Lamson, A. W., Dedham .
Landis, Mrs. Henry K., Philadelphia
Laurie, Rev. Thomas, D.D., Providence,
Lawrence, Abbott ....
Lawrence, Robert M., J/. Z).
Lawrence Academy, Groton
Lawrence Free Public Library .
, Le Due, William G., Washington, D.C.
Lee & Shepard .....
Leicester Public Library .
Lenox Library, New York City .
Leonard, Miss Clara F., Springfield .
Leroux, Ernest, Paris, France ,
Lewis, Mrs. Winslow
Lick Observatory, San Francisco, Cal.
Ligue d'Enseignement, Paris, France
Li Kwei, Li Siao-Chih, Ningpo, China
Linderfelt, K. August, Ph. D., Milwaukee, Wis
Lindsley, J. Berrien, M.D., Nashville, Tenn
Lippincott, J. B., & Co., Philadelphia
Literary and Philosophical Society, Leicester, England
Long, H. A., Glasgow, Scotland ....
2 maps
Wisaenschaften
5
1
4
9
2
2
1
1
1
3
3
1
2
1
1
10
1
1
1
1
1
24
1
163
1
6
1
4
40
1
1
1
6
1
37
1
a
1
2
1
1
2
62
City Document No. 97.
Givers.
Lowell, 3Iiss Anna C. . . .
Lowell, Mrs. C. R., JVew York City .
Macdonald, James, Edinburgh, Scotland
McPhetres, Samuel A., Lowell .
Manning, Mrs. A. H. .
Martin, Prof. S. D., New York City .
Marvin, William T. R. .
Massachusetts, State of .
Board of Agriculture
Board of Health, etc.
Library
Cal
Massachusetts College of Pharmacy .
Massachusetts Historical Society
Massachusetts Horticultural Society .
Massachusetts Medical Society .
Maxwell, Sidney D., Cincinnati, Ohio
May, Miss Abby W. .....
Meek, Henry M., Salem ....
Meigs, J. v., Lowell .....
Memorial Hall Library, Andover
Mercantile Library Association, San Francisco
Mercantile Library Company, Philadelx^hia
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
Metcalf, Miss Kate'
Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul, Minn.
Minot, Charles S
Moore, Rev. W. H., Hartford, Conn.
Morrison, Rev. Nathan J., D.D., Springfield, Mo.
Morse, Hon. Leopold ....
Morton, William J., M.D., New York City
Mudge, Alfred
Mudge, Rev. James, Lucknow, India
MuUett, Alfred E
Munsell, Frank, Albany, N.Y.
Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge
Myer, Isaac, Philadelphia
Nelson, Henry M., Peabody
New Bedford Free Public Library
New England Historic Genealogical Society
New York Board of State Charities, Albany, N.
New York Produce Exchange, New York City
New Zealand Institute, Wellington, N.Z. .
Nichols, Prof. W. R
Nicholson, James B., Philadelphia .
Norcross, Hon. Otis . .... 1 broadside
Norfolk and Norwich Archaeological Society, Norwich,
JEtigland .......
Noweil, Cyrus, Portland, Me. ....
'^oyes, Isixac, v., Washi7igton, D.C. .
Noyes, Rufus K., M.D., Lynn ....
Noyes, S. B., Brooklyn N.Y. .
Numismatic and Antiquarian Society, Philadelphia
Nye, Gideon, jr.. Canton, China
Oliver, Fitch E., M.D
Onderdonk, Henry, yr., Jamaica, L.I.
Ordway, Albert, ]^as/l^?^5'^?^, Z>.C. .
Paine, Nathaniel, Worcester ....
Paine's Furniture Factory .
Park, iZev. Edwards A., J?./)., ^ncZovcr
Paris, Prefet de la Seine . . ...
2
13
4
12
1
4
18
13
13
1
10
100
2
2
1
16
2
2
2
5
2
1
1
140
1
3
1
2
1
2
5
1
264
1
1
3
7
2
3
2
22
Public Library.
63
Givers.
Iowa
1 portrait
Pathological Society, Philadelphia .
Patten, Otis, Litile Rock, Ark. .
Patterson, C. P., Washington, B.C. .
Patterson, Joseph W., A'eif Vork City
Peabody Museum, Cambridge .
Peoria, 111., Board of Trade
Peraza, Gen. Nicanor Bolet, Brooklyn, N.
Perkins, F. B., San Francisco, Cal. .
Perkins, Samuel C, Philadelphia
Perry, Thomas S. . . . .
Perry, Rt. Rev. William S., D.D., Davenpoii
Phillips, Henry, jr., Philadelphia
Phillips, John, Waltham .
Philosophical Society, Glasgow, Scotland
Philosophical Society, Washington, D. C.
Pickering, William H. . . .
Pierce, Hon. Henry B. . . .
Pierson, John S., New York City
Plymouth, England, Free Public Library
Poole, Wellington, Wenham
Poole, William F., Chicago, 111.
Poor, Henry W., New York City
Pope Manufacturing Company . * .
Porter, 3Iaj. Gen. Fitz John, 3Iorristown, N.J.
Portland, Me., Public Library ... 1
Pray, Lewis G. .
Pray, T. J. W., M.D., Dover, N.R. .
Prince, Hon. Frederick O.
Quebec, City of .
Quincy, 3[iss Eliza S., Quincy .
Rand, B. Howard, M.D. .
Ray, Richard .....
Real Academia de Buenas Letras, Barcelona, Spain
Reale Istituto Lombardo, Milan, Italy
Reed, George B. ....
Rice, William, Springfield
Richards, Samuel W.
Richardson, W. L., 31. D. .
Richmond & Southwestern Railway Company
Rogers Edward H. . . . .
Roland, Worthington & Co.
Rolfe, William J., Cambridge .'
Ropes, John C. .
Ross, Denman W., Cambridge .
Ros y Ferrer, jaime, Cienfuegos, Cuba
Royal Arcanum, Supreme Council of .
Royal Astronomical Society, London
Royal Geographical Society, London
Royal Observatory, Greenwich, England
B.oya.l Society, Edinburgh .
Royal Society, London
RutFner, W. H., Richmond, Va.
St. Louis Public School Library, St. Louis, Mo
St. Louis University, St. Louis, 3Io. .
Salisbury, Stephen, y?-., Worcester
Salter Richard H., 3LD. .
San Francisco Chronicle, Publishers, San Francisco
Savage, James W., Otnaha, Neb.
Schindler, Rev. Solomon, New York City
Scudder, Samuel H., Cambridge
newspaper
broadsides
Cal
10
1
2
2
1
1
5
1
2
7
i
9
10
1
2
1
1
1
88
I
2
1
I
10
10
55
4
64
City Document No. 97.
GrvEBS.
a lot of broadsides
Searle, Frederick A. .
Sears, J. Montgomery
Sellen, Francisco, New York City
Shaw, Samuel S. . . .
Shelbourne, Maj. Sidney F., New York City
Shepard, Carl C, Manchester, N.H.
Sinnickson, Robert, Trenton, N.J. . . 10
Slack, Charles W. .
Slack, Miss Helen M. D. .
Small, Augustus D., Salem
Small, John C, Portland, Me.
Smith, Charles C.
Smith, J. W., Andover
Smith, James S., Philadelphia
Smith, Lloyd P., Philadelphia
Smith, Nathaniel S., New York City
Smith, Walter G:, Philadelphia
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
Snider, Denton J., St. Louis, 3Io
Society of Arts, London
Steiger, E., New York City
Stockwell, Thomas B., Providence, R.L
Swift, John L. .
Swift, Lindsay ....
Talbot, J. T., M.D. .
Taylor, Edward, A7idover .
Thimm, Franz, London
Thompson, Rev. Augustus C, D.D.
Thompson, Francis M., Greenfield
Thrupp, George A., London
Tillinghast, C. B.
Tolraan, Mrs. James .
Towne, Enoch H., Worcester
Triibner, N., London
Turner, Alfred T. . . .
Tuttle, Rev. Joseph F., D.D., Crawfordsville, Ind
Twelves, Richard, Camden, N-L
Tyler, Prof. M. C, Ann Arbor, Mich
Union of American Hebrew Congregations
United States. Adjutant General's Office
Attorney General's Office
Bureau of Education
Bureau of Engineers
■ Bureau of Navigation
• Bureau of Statistics
Coast Survey Office
Department of Agriculture
Department of State
Department of the Interior
Department of the Treasury
Department of War
Hydrographic Office
Life Saving Service
Military Academy, West Point, N. Y.
Naval Institute, Annapolis, 3Id.
Naval Observatory
Patent Office
Signal Office ....
Surgeon General's Office
Univereity of California, Berkeley, Cal.
broadsides
1 map
Philadelphia
1
14
1
1
1
1
1
12
37
1
2
10
2
1
3
1
1
3
1
5
53
2
2
1
1
1
1
16
1
1
5
1
3
2
189
Public Library.
65
Givers.
Vt
University of Edinburgh .
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo
University of Vermont Library, Burlington, Vt
Upham, Warren, Minneapolis, Minn.
Vermont Historical Society, Montpelier,
Vermont State Library, 3Io7itpelier, Vt.
Vibbert, Rev. G. H., Brunswick, Me.
Victoria Public Library, Melbourne .
Vienna Pressed Yeast Company .
Vose, Miss Kebecca G. . . .
Wadsworth, Alexander
Wallace, William A., Washington, D.C.
Ware, William, & Co. ...
Waterburg, Rev. Julius H.
Waters, Henry P., Salem .
Webber, Samuel G., M.B.
Weld, Mrs. CM
Weld, Francis M., M.B., New York City
Wells, Benjamin W.
Weymouth Historical Society
White, Samuel S., Trustees of, Philadelphia
Whitney, Prof. Henry M., Beloit* Wis.
Whitney, James L. . . . .
Whitney, Prof. William D., New Haven,
Whyte, Thomas ....
Wigan, England, Free Library .
Willard, Mrs. . . . .
Williams, AV. B., Lansing, Mich.
Winchell, N. H., 3Iinneapolis, Minn.
Winsor, Justin, Cambridge
Winthrop, //o?i. Robert C. 1 newspaper, 1
Winthrop, Robert C. , jr. ....
Wisconsin, Department of Public Property
Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison, Wis.
Wolcott, J. W. ....
Woods, John H., Jacksonville, III.
Yale College Library, New Haven, Conn.
Yendall, George ....
Yohn, Albert B., hidianapolis, Ind.
Young, Edward J
Young, W. Maynard ....
Young Men's Library, Buffalo, N. T.
2 newspapers
Conn
4 maps
newspaper
1 chart
photograph
2
1
42
1
1
13
1
94
1
1
1
1
2
73
10
53
26
1
9
1
27
APPENDIX XI.
CIRCULATION.
(Books issued.)
1873
1874
1878
1879
Total Circulation.
b 322,445
380,343
467,855
625,442
768,417
947,621
1,140,572
1,183,991
1,180,565
1,156,721
1,065,081
a 965
1,234
1,619
2,031
2,681
3,097
3,727
3,882
3,833
3,768
3,504
a 1,856
2,435
3,073
6,134
6,074
8,035
8,348
10,478
f<,747
8,781
8,637
Date of
Jast
column.
Jan. 28
Mar. 16
/
Bates Hall.
31,080
23,159
28,261
34,441
41,721
64,956
66,832
80,326
74,627
69,042
ta
34,225
27,092
31,003
37,872
39,016
59,373
74,786
66,670
89,163
101,100
96,764
65,205
60,251
89,264
72,313
80,737
114,329
141,618
146,996
163,790
170,142
166,373
1,001
926
1,045
1,046
Lower Hall.
?
• D.
i»
ft
o "
i
1 S
83
— '
— ^
a-s
0
kS
227,579
741
1,413
3,631
248,029
805
1,472
6,217
230,111
772
1,443
7,946
245,244
822
1,635
7,853
264,826
864
1,759
8,009
338,460
1,140
2,598
10,392
392,996
1,326
2,439
12,737
378,439
1,265
2,902
12,736
350,621
1,179
2,085
12,672
306,148
1,031
1,999
10,369
257,692
847
1,849
9,271
231,110
254,246
238,057
253,097
272,834
348,842
405,732
391,176
363,193
316,517
266,863
East Boston Branch
3
1
IB
i
1
E
H
26,151
c335
586
979
26,130
74,804
243
609
1,042
75,846
67,764
e 222
553
458
68,212
80,771
263
712
320
81,091
85,134
277
789
414
85,648
89,949
203
866
1,038
99,987
101,022
335
902
1,606
102,627
104,717
343
1,088
1,879
106,596
95,887
320
916
2,794
A98,681
105,197
303
951
3,004
108,201
97,024
318
989
4,097
101,118
South Boston Branch.
101,688
107,651
111,677
113,334
131,969
137,010
115,509
138,309
129,261
1,045
1,075
1,414
1,200
1,196
1,137
3,210
3,741
3,335
5,261
102,322
108,666
112,625
116,530
135,179
140,751
h 118,844
143,570
132,868
RoxBUHT Branch.
Chahlestown Branch.
Brighton Branch.
Dorchester Branch.
South End Branch.
Jamaica Plain Branch.
Year.
W
64,092
87,079
98,304
140,059
122,617
123,492
119,4.50
105,700
i
1
t
1
1
i
w
1
O
1
B
1
i
1
W
1
i
1
w
i3
i
i
1
1
>>
1
1
i3
i
i
1
3
i
1
i
t
i
n
1
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
612
686
925
1,190
1,100
1,013
1,017
9T2
263
286
320
477
404
403
388
360
3,250
2,460
2,993
6,770
7,613
6,397
6,480
4,912
67,342
89,539
101,297
146,829
130,030
129,889
124,930
110,612
32,023
78,169
84,631
105,211
99,637
86,925
73,302
78,682
734
704
830
002
970
685
616
789
327
259
279
348
332
289
246
273
1,36S
1,206
1,184
1,605
2,003
1,816
1,446
2,140
33,391
79,375
85,815
106,816
101,540
88,740
i74,748
80,832
9,642
21,394
23,531
27,832
27,549
26,737
26,406
26,067
226
234
314
290
328
312
302
269
8S
70
81
97
89
93
91
85
448
1,274
1,960
1,698
1,859
1,574
2,110
9,642
21,842
24,805
29,792
29,247
28,928
27,980
28,177
15,676
63,367
67,692
63,026
56,786
65,690
63,904
439
552
620
624
675
641
641
197
206
220
197
184
176
177
132
899
4,287
1,949
1,423
1,026
730
gl6,0V
66,016
71,979
64,974
59,673
66,716
55,188
!
41,303
73,164
77,016
71,432
667
622
680
578
188
247
258
242
1,099
2,713
2,275^
2,530
42,402
75,867
79,291
73,962
28,174
60,467
82,406
47,797
384
413
437
467
138
171
176
164
2,106
2,503
2,220
2,311
30,280
62,960
84,626
80,108
a Cent
6 If til
and if H
at home.
c Open
al library
e issucD
all issues
seventy-i
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d.
n whi
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lout re
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ace.
gard tt
its
g The use of the Dorchester branch is for a little over three months.
h The .East Boston branch was closed from October 7th to 9th for repairs ;
Jouth Boston from August 12th to November 2d for repairs and enlargement.
i The Charlestown branch was closed from April 20th to the 30lli, to rearrange
he books, and also from May let to the 11th.
Public Library.
67
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69
APPENDIX XIY.
BATES HALL READING.
Percentage
OF
Use.
Classification.
f4
w4
«
9
X
X
H
©
X
H
X
H
X
r4
X
H
18
X
H
H
X
J»
X
H
X
H
©
X
X
•4
X
H
English history, to-
pography, biogra-
phy, travel, and po-
lite literature . . .
16
13
18
20
17
17
17
17
12
19
16
15
15
13
13
13
13.2
13.1
American (North and
1 South) history, etc.
8.5
10
8
12
12
12
12
13
10
12
11
11
12
10
14
13
11.8
11.1
French history, etc. .
7.5
6
6
7
4
5
5
5
4
6
6
5
5
5
4
4
6.1
5.8
German history, etc. .
2
2.5
2
4
3
3
3
2
2
3
3
4
3
3
5
5
3.4
3.9
Italian history, etc. .
2.5
2
3
3
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1.5
1.8
Other history, topog-
raphy, biography,
tftivel, and polite
literature
3.5
2.5
4
4
5
5
3
3
3
4
3
4
4
3
5
5
4.2
4.6
General and epochal
history
4.25
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
1
2
2
3
2
2
2
3.3
3.3
Greek, Latin, and phi-
lology
3.5
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
3
4
4
3
4
4
4
3.5
3.6
Bibliography ....
3
3
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1.2
1.5
Transactions
1.5
2.3
5
7
5
4
5
1
1
1
1
2
1
5
2
2
.5
.6
Periodicals
6
6
11
7
8
9
10
8
10
8
8
7
7
6
5
5
3.9
3.5
Fine arts
12
16.5
8
5
8
8
8
9
11
10
11
11
10
9
12
13
8.9
8.7
Natural history and
science
4
4.6
3
3
4
3
4
4
5
3
4
3
3
3
1
1
3.8
3.7
Theology, ecclesiasti-
cal history, ethics,
education, etc. . . .
11
8.5
4
4
8
9
8
11
14
10
11
11
10
10
8
8
11.0
11.5
Medicine
5
4.6
8
6
6
8
8
9
9
8
7
6
6
6
6
6
7.3
7.0
Law, government, and
political economy .
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
3
3
2
2
2.7
2.5
Useful arts, mathemat-
ics, physics, etc. . .
5.5
7.5
7
8
7
6
5
6
8
5
6
7
9
10
10
10
9.7
8.9
Miscellaneous pam-
phlets boimd ....
.75
.75
2
1
2
1
3
3
3
2
2
3
3
5
3
3
4.0
4.9
Note. — In computing this percentage, the use of books in the Bowditch, Parker, Barton,
and Prince libraries — which are kept apart from the general classification of the Library —
is reckoned as near as possible and included in the usual divisions, as is indicated in the table.
(See Explanations to Appendi.x VTII.)
The figures for 187S-9 are only approximately correct.
APPENDIX XY.
LOWER HALL AND BRANCH READING.
CLASSES.
The figures give the relative percentages.
FictioD and juvenilet^
History and biography
Travels and voyages
Science, arts, fine and useful, theology,
law, medicine, professions
Periodicals
Foreign languages
Miscellaneous
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1 "^
33
a
^
1
i-i
69
82
(2
O
^
P4
e
1
a
82
3
79
B
n
w
83
79
1
1
1
i
03
00
«
a
H
71
80
78
81
78
79
85
84
80
70
80
79
85
71
86
83
80
72
S3
80
86
81
81
5
4
5
4
■H-
7
4
5
3
5
a
7
4
5
3
4
4.5
6
3
5
4
4
4
•6
4
5
4
5
8
3
3
3
5
3.5
4
2
3
4
3
3
2
3
3
4
3
3
2
3
2
3
3
3
2
3
2
3
3
7
2
4
4
4 (
7
2
4
3
4
7
2
4
3
4
4
7
2
4
3
3
4
e
2
3
3
3
2
7
6
5
2
5
6
5
2
1
3
«
6
4
2
2
4
6
5
4
2
3
4
6
4
4
2
3
2
3
1
4.5
3
4
3
1
4
3
4
4
1
4.6
1 ^
4
4
1
4
3
4
6
4
5
0
4
5
3
6
5
4
5
■^
3
4
5
3
CLASSES.
The figures give the relative percentages.
1879
1880
1881
K
=
■^
■V
K
1
''. 1
1
S
W
S3
•f.
1
-i.
f
H
►i
n
S3
i
1
•A
0^
1
I.
U.
Fiction and juveniles
72
6
3
6
6
3
4
81
5
2
2
5
76
6
4
3
5
84
4
2
4
3
82
4
3
4
3
4
78
7
4
3
8
62 1
3
4
2
76.4
5.3
3
4
4
1 ™
6
3
7
3
4
80
4
2
3
76
6
3
4
e
83
4
3
4
3
79
5
3
4
5
4
8
6
5
5
4
62
6
3
4
4
21
74.7
5.3
3
4.4
5
1
6.S
70
7
3
6
5
3
6
80
4
3
3
«
4
76
5
4
3
7
5
82
4
3
3
4
4
78
6
3
3
4
6
79
5
3
4
5
4
74
4
9
4
5
4
79
6
3
4
4
1
4
77
m.
4
IV.
Science, arts, fine and useful, theology, law, medicine, i
4
V.
Periodicals .^
5
VI.
.6
vn.
5
6
3
24 1
7.3
5
5
3
4.5
Public Library.
71
APPENDIX Xyi.
FELLOWES ATHEN^UM EEADING.
1
3
Classes.
Relative percentages.
at)
H
i»
X)
H
H
aD
H
OCI
X)
H
9
H
O
QfD
H
H
I.
History, biography, and travels
35
43
38
33
30
37
39
33
n.
Modem foreign languages . .
13
12
9
11
10
11
10
13
TTT.
2
12
4
10
5
10
14
9
17
8
6
9
5
11
4
IV.
Miscellaneous literature . . .
11
V.
Theology, sociology, ethics . .
7
6
5
7.
7
6
6
9
VT.
1
5
1
4
1
4
1
4
2
4
2
4
2
4
•7
vn.
Classics
4
vni.
Fine arts, engineering ....
12
8
10
7
7
8
7
6
IX.
Law, politics, government . .
1
2
3
3
3
3
3
2
X.
Mathematics, science
12
10
15
11
12
14
13
11
XI.
Fiction
5
BRIGHTON BRANCH READING.
6
1
Classes.
Relative percentages.
18T5
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
I.
Fiction
84
80
77
76
75
76
76
n.
Biography, travel, and
history
7
7
8
7
8
8
7
m.
Other
9
13
15
17
17
16
17
72
City Document No. 97.
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q6aexx»2 2
APPENDIX XIX.
FINANCIAL STATEMENT.
1S76-77
isr7-7»
1878-rO
1879-80
1880-81
Years.
raid into City
treasury from
City appro-
prlatfoos.
ExpL-nded.
Fellowes
Atbcnfeum.
City ajipro-
priations.
Expended.
Fellowes
Atheuseum.
City appro-
priations.
Expended.
Fellowes
Atbeu»uni.
City appro-
priations.
$3,000 00
16,000 00
5,000 00
3,200 00
2,000 00
2,000 00
5,000 00
4,500 00
72,000 00
2,300 00
Expended.
Fellowes
Athenaeum.
City appro-
priations.
Expended.
Fellowes
Athenteum.
of catalogue s.
$5,000 00
10,000 00
5,000 00
3,000 00
4.000 00
2,000 00
5,000 00
5,500 00
60 ,.500 00 .
2,500 00
$3,785 85
( 21,714 50
( 2,849 88
5,722 87
3,004 27
2,278 01
2,528 31
4,885 09
5,S94 26
69,332 10
2,401 12
$1,833 86
$5,500 00
15,000 00
6,000 00
3,000 00
4,000 00
2,000 00
5,080 00
6,000 00
70,626 00
3,000 00
$2,734 57
j 20,981 26
i 4,117 29
4,807 82
3,549 33
2,115 86
2,050 16
5,397 81
5,267 59
66,038 97
2,710 51
$1,414 37
$3,290 00
15,040 00
7,520 00
3,290 00
2,350 00
2,350 00
5,170 00
5,170 00
73,000 00
2,820 00
$2,365 54
( 24,499 97
( 3,407 67
5,915 80
3,479 73
1,973 94
3,006 12
5,074 48
3,962 12
68,349 78
2,160 70
$907 93
$2,91S 22
( 22,442 92
1 3,299 83
4,795 21
3,061 51
1,535 85
1,765 49
4,990 47
4,00' 21
69,93- 53
1,980 72
$809 86
$3,000 00
17,000 00
4,000 00
3,000 00
2,000 00
2,250 00
5,000 00
4,500 00
72,000 00
2,250 00
$4,915 20
j 22,607 06
( 2,826 97
3,006 09
2,914 94
2,441 52
1,436 4;l
5,105 9»
3,841 29
67,954 79
2,036 31
$2,019 43
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1366
1867
1303
1369
1370
1871
1372
1873
1874
.1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1830
1381
$437 80
450 00
CaUlo UM .rtotto
241) 34
350 00
523 49
Furniture (cabineta, shelving, fixluree, etc.) ....
314 60
385 64
203 92
504 IS
Solarles
507 72
TraUBliorUilion, i)oatage, etc
659 35
996 63
BllANCHES.
Jaulaicu I'laiu.
1,150 00
1,472 44
1,631 70
2,000 00
10,000 00
$130,126 00
■ 4,917 80
3,288 73
1,373 68
Fixturei), catalogues, printing, etc
2,360 24
2,505 35
3,092 12
3,260 31
2,613 32
2,934 12
3,497 0:l
tlll,oOO 00
$121,396 36
$1,833 36
$129,351 38
$1,414 37
$120,000 00
$124,200 91
$907 93
$115,000 00
$120,729 96
$809 86
$115,000 00
$119,086 58
$2,019 43
i
$32,212 «1
- liaaQcial aud librury
* The appropriation for periodioil* is Included In tliat for books.
Note. - The expendilures for hooks cover the cost of those chargeable to our Trust fuuds account, as welU^ those charged to the annual appropriations from the City, and also include sucli as are bought with the balances with our foreign agents at the "^'o** "»" ^'"^ ^"^"^^^^1 eiween March 15lh and M«y
years now norahiaUy correspond, but it will happen that hills accruing subsequently to the middle of March (when the last requisition of the year, payable April 1st, ia approved) will be audited in the subsequent year's account, beginning nomhially May Ist. In this W8) DooKs aaaea
Isl may be counted iaone year's growth, and paid for in the Huhsequent year's account. The cost of maiutaiaing branches after the first year makes part of tlie general Items of the several appropriations.
Tlie money for books bought on uieounl of the Fellowf!* Atheiiteum is spent under the direction of the Book euuiinittee of llie Trustees of the Fellowes fund.
Public Library.
75
5 H
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(* I " X «
76
City Document No. 97.
APPEIS^DIX XXI.
LIBRAEY SEEVICE.
{April 30, 1881.)
Name.
Mellen Chamberlain . .
James L. Whitney . . . .
Jos6 F. Garret
Louis F. Gray . . .
Adelaide A. Nichols
James L. Gethins . .
Total
?.v
1878.
1869.
1875.
1880.
1868.
1881.
Position, duties, etc.
Librarian and Clerk of the Cor-
poration
PrinciiJal Assistant Librarian
Register, and Curator of patents
and engravings
Librarian's Secretary
Auditor and Cashier
Librarian's Runner .
a u
2t
James L. Whitney
William H. Foster . .
Jo86 F. Carret ,
Lindsay Swift . . .
Elizabeth T. Reed ,
Roxanna M. Eastman .
Frank C. Blaisdell . . .
Annie C. Miller . . . .
Maria C. Otis
Card Catalogues.
Harriet E. Green .
Carrie K. Burnell . . .
Ellen F. McCarthy . .
Mary F. Osgood . . . .
Harriet C. Blake . . .
Patrick H. CarroU . . .
Total
1869.
1860.
1878.
1873.
1859.
1876.
1881.
1880.
1373.
1S81.
1872.
1877.
1880.
1881.
Principal of the department . .
Cataloguer for Branch Libraries
and Proof Reader
Register, Curator of patents and
engravings and Assistant . .
Assistant
Assistant and Cataloguer of
Lower Hall and branch books
Extra Assistant, and Cataloguer
of U.S. documents
Assistant
Assistant
Assistant in Patent room, etc.
Curator
Curator of official card catalogue
Assistant
Assistant
Assistant
Runner .
14
Public Library.
LIBRARY SERVICE. — Continued.
11
Name.
Habreet N. Pike . .
Edith D. Fuller . . .
Mary A. McG-rath . .
Frederic W. Blaisdell
Total
1867.
1879.
1868.
1880.
Position, duties, etc.
CMef Clerk . .
Associate Clerk
Assistant . . .
Runner ....
o «
Appleton p. C. Griffin.
William Canny
WilUamRoflfe ......
George K. Merrill
. Total
1865.
1880.
1881.
1880.
Custodian
Assistant
Assistant in charge of repairs,
etc., of books on the shelves .
Arthur Mason Knapp
Alice M. Poree
Lydia F. Knowles . . .
Thomas M. Whyte . . .
Margaret Doyle ....
Richard Ray
W. MajTiard L. Young ,
Daniel Donovan . .
Thomas H. O'Kane
James Johnson . . .
Harold Smith . . .
Total
1875.
1866.
1867.
1874.
1875.
1876.
1878.
1880.
1880.
1881.
ISSl.
Librarian of Bates Hall .
Assistant
Delivery Clerk ....
Receiving Clerk .....
Assistant
Assistant .'
Assistant in charge of deliveries
to branches
Runner
Runner
Runner
Runner
Edward Tiffany . .
William F. Robinson .
Mary A. Jenkins . . .
Thomas H. Cummings
Caroline E. J. Por6e .
Sarah A. Mack . . . .
Eliza J. Mack . . . .
Annie M. Kennedy . .
1878.
1872.
lS'/7.
1879.
1859.
1863.
1863.
1869.
Librarian of Lower Hall ....
Clerk for registration and fines .
Assistant Librarian
Curator of Lower Hall card cata-
logue
Reading room Clerk ....
Delivery desk
Receiving desk
Registration and As^stant .
78
City Document No. 97.
LIBRARY SERVICE. — Continued.
Name.
Ella R. Dillon . . .
Ellen E. Bresnahan
Annie G. Shea . . .
Florence Richards .
Margaret Clifford • .
Mary A. Doyle . . .
Mary Anderson . .
Mary Sheridan . . .
Louisa Twickler . .
Edward Moore . . .
Evening Service.
T. P. Bennett . . .
Robert B. Rosa . .
Catherine McGrath ,
John J. Butler . . ,
Samuel Anderson .
P. von Olker . . . .
Harry Young . . ,
Benjamin F. Latz ,
Total
13 o
1876.
1869.
1874.
1878.
1877.
1879.
1879.
1880.
1881.
1878.
1879.
1873.
1873.
1878.
1880.
1880.
1880.
1881.
Position, duties, etc.
Delivery desk and Assistant . .
Assistant in reading room . . .
Record of slips and Substitute .
Return slips and Assistant . . .
Desk Assistant
Runner
Runner
Runner
Runner
Care of shelves
( Registration Clerk and Sun-
( day service
Reading room .
Receiving desk
Runner ; . . .
Runner . . . .
Runner . . . .
Runner • . . .
Runner . . • .
s a
o «
Eh
William E. Fobd . . . ,
John White ,
William G. Adams . , . ,
Timothy McCarthy . . . ,
Extra daily Assistants .
Tot;il
1858.
1880.
1879.
1881.
Janitor
Porter
Night Watchman
Porter
Andrew M. Blake
Romeo Cervi ....
P. B. Sanford . . .
Edward M. Roe . .
Wm. F. Sampson .
Arthur Siguere , . .
Mary E. Austen . .
1870.
1874.
1879.
1876.
1880.
1881.
1874.
Foreman . . . ,
Extra forwarder ,
Finisher . . . . <
Pressman . . . .
Forwarder . . i
Forwarder . . ,
Forewoman . . ,
^Public Libeaey.
LIBRARY SERVICE. — Continued.
79
1
a
Name.
Position, duties, etc.
c «
O
o
a «
O
•6
o
— "S*
3 S
Martha M. Wheeler . . .
Mary G. Moriarty ....
Sarah E. Bo wen
Sarah Dumas
Mary J. Morton
Sam'l Macconnell ....
Total
1869.
1875.
1876.
1881.
1881.
1877.
1
1
1
1
1
1
13
'1
13
Sarah C. Godbold . . .
Mary R. Pray
Alice M. Wing
Mary E. Cathcart
E. L. Lcnnon (entered )
June 13) \
AdeUa H. Ghen
Eva D. Merrill
Grace E. Hahn
Ada J. McConnell ....
George H. Hosea
Total
1871.
1870.
1872.
1870.
1881.
1876.
1879.
1879.
1881.
1873.
Librarian
1
1
1
1
5
<
1
Extra Assistant
e
1
GO
Extra Runner
6^
Extra Runner
1
5
10
Alice J. Bragdon . . .
Nora MeCarty
Ellen A. Eaton
Emogene C. Davis ....
Idalene Sami^son
Cora G. Hale
Minnie E. Sampson . . .
Mabel Pond
Mary Watson
Marguerite Watson ....
Joseph Baker
Total
1872.
1872.
1872.
1873.
1877.
1877.
1877.
1879.
1873.
1877.
1872.
5
Receiving Clerk
Registration Clerk
Delivery Clerk
g
Extra Assistant
Extra Assistant
s
^
Extra Rimner
1
6
11
<
Sarah Bunker
Mary Bradley
Dora Puflfer
Helen M.BeU
1876.
1876.
1878.
1878.
Librarian
1
1
1
1
1
Reading room and registration
Clerk
1
Assistant
80
City Document No.- 97.
LIBRARY SERVICE. — Continued.
Name.
Margaret E. Blood .
Elizabeth E. Berry .
Florence A. Vose .
Emma McGowan . .
Charles R. Curtis , .
Total
II
1872.
1877.
1876.
1880.
1873.
Poeition, duties, etc.
Runner ....
Extra Assistant
Extra Runner .
Extra Runner .
Janitor ....
-2 ©
^ r.
Db. Cornelius S. Cart^e
Annie E. Ehorle
Mary P. Swain
Annie C. Davis
Aima S. Woodberry . . .
Sarah E. McConnell . . .
Susan E. Livermore . . .
Abbie F. Klnmartin . . .
Thomas E. Smith
Total
1870.
1874.
1878.
1878.
1878.
1879.
1879.
1880.
1874.
Librarian . . .
Assistant . . .
Assistant . , .
Runner ....
Extra Assistant
Extra Assistant
Extra Assistant
Extra Runner .
Janitor ....
Mabt E. Brock
Mary F. Grailey
Sara R. Brock .
James M. Brock
Total ....
1875.
1880.
1880.
1878.
Librarian . . .
Assistant . . .
Extra Assistant
Janitor ....
Mart G. Coffin . . .
Mary J. Sheridan . . .
Frances Willard Pike .
Lucy Adelaide Watson ,
Edward Davenport . . .
Total ,
1874.
1875.
1881.
1881.
1874.
Librarian . . .
Assistant . . .
Extra Assistant
Extra Assistant
Janitor ....
Grace A. De Bobgbs <
Maude M. Morse . . , .
Margaret A. Sheridan
Charles H. Renter . .
Mary Arkinson ....
Total
1880.
1877.
1875.
1879.
1881.
Librarian . .
Assistant . .
Assistant . .
Runner . . .
Extra Runner
Public Library.
LIBRARY SERVICE. — Concluded.
81
a
a
a
t.
0
Name.
T3§
a "»
Position, duties, etc.
Is
a "
O
1
1
0)
U
a «
O
1
1
1
.1
o «
Eliza R. Davis
Anna J. Barton
NelUe F.Riley
George L. Hargraves . . .
Harry F. Davis
Timothy Johnson ....
Total
1877.
1876.
1878.
1878.
1879.
1877.
Assistant
e
c
a
Janitor
1
3
e,
Mary A. Hill
Samuel G. Bowthorpe . .
Marion L. Woodward . . .
Total
1875.
1878.
1880.
Custodian, Lower Mills ....
Custodian, Roslindale
Custodian, West Roxbury . . .
1
1
1
3
—
?,
SUMMARY.
Librarian, Register, Secretary, Auditor, and
Runner
Catalogue department .
Purchase and Entry department .
Shelf department ....
Bates Hall circulation department
Lower Hall circulation department, day
evening, and Sunday service
Janitor's department
Bindery
East Boston branch
South Boston branch
Roxbury branch .
Charlestown branch
Brighton branch .
Dorchester branch
South End branch
Jamaica Plain branch
Deliveries
Totals
Grand total
5
13
4
4
11
18
4
13
5
6
6
5
3
3
4
3
3
110
33
143
Central Library.
72 regulars.
9 extras.
81 in all.
5
5
3
4
U
2
1
3
33
Branches.
38 regulars.
24 extras.
62 in all.
AGENTS.
Messrs. Lee and Shepard, Boston.
Mr. Edward G. Allen (for English patents), London.
Messrs. N. Triibner and Co., London.
Mr. F. W. Christern, and M. Charles Reinwald, New Yorh and Paris.
The Deuerlich ' sche Buchhandlung, Gottingen.
Signorina Giulia Alberi, Florence.
Senor Don Juan F. Riaiio, Iladrid.
APPENDIX XXn.
EXAMINATION OF THE LIBRARY
ItATR»t nAI.I..
Lower Hali,.
East Boston Branch.
aotjT)
Boston
Branch.
UoXBURY Branch.!
I
g
S
S
s
IS
I
s
s
I
s
t
z
\
2
•
e
M
»
1
1
l>
a
s
t
5
fri
1
e
Not on BhelvpH
8.612
3.6(>3
3,222
3,205
4,110
4.611
3,746
7,001
-.610
8,063
8.592
8.344
7,182
6,491
2,012
2.022
1,820
1,831
174
2.188
2.114
2.396
2,068
2.047
1,852
&5
1%
2.560
1,860
2,441
2.8.10
3,300
2.991
3,139
3,122
3,061
ilflhfuffounti In he
\l
I.illt
1,070
•J.Iiil
1,091
2,003
2.436-
2.607
2,2»4
6,254
6,121
6,808
7.134
7,431
0,376
5,508
1.720
1.811
1,618
1.609
12
1.893
l.snl
2,101
1.870
2.932
1,739
\^i
2.417
1.770
2.283
2.577
3.017
2.810
2,984
2,899
2,815
At llu' blndi'lli^"
(KIT
(120
022
707
1,142
1,303
704
622
718
081
018
216
203
283
137
73
44
37
20
67
41
l.i5
141
72
88
1 ^1
90
65
144
lOS
253
70
77
128
41
DtlicrwiBo apcoinilfil r..i- .
r.yii
M2
f.73
462
403
064
633
048
636
446
448
666
512
541
146
133
153
178
132
220
271
128
50
'43
26
ll ^
..51
34
8
98
20
103
74
87
108
Nol«ccount«lfor
40
30
36
33
30
37
35
117
136
60
02
132
91
99
5
6
7
10
2
1
12
I
iji
1
0
4
2
4
8
ClIARI.RHTOWN RRANrll.
Brighton Branch.
Dorchester Branch.
S.
E. Branch.
,T. P. Branch.
T0TA„„
I
s
«
1
■M
i
e
<•
n
I
X
e
e
i
e
ge
5
1.756
e
1,704
1,376
a
£
H
1,344
1
1,320
i
1.201
6
10,098
I
s
6
•
e
Not on sholvee
1,<36
2.200
2,002
2.034
1,071
1.867
2.01-
728
707
820
804
680
772
1.835
1.362
1,341
1.363
1,458
1.220
22,876
22,613
22,676
23,004
26,681
23,067
Of thtfx! fonnil in he
1.471
2,010
1,010
1.777
l.SOO
1.632
1,701
591
510
620
606
022
640
1.662
1.260
1.261
1.238
1,2M
1.121
1,607
1.673
1,073
1,236
1,270
1,234
14.810
18,816
19,130
18.068
10,308
22,473
20.097
At llif bI»(!iTlc«
06
03
02
03
166
133
02
91
116
41
33
34
151
52
67
84
78
64
164
122
287
04
34
40
2,121
2,200
1,887
2,096
1,920
2,212
1.772
OtluTwiflf iiccomittd for .
ei
130
101
105
77
68
02
64
90
83
98
25
08
21
39
13
41
95
46
17
6
4
12
13
13
1.017
1,560
1.468
1,477
1,610
1,747
1.020
Not accounted for
,
^
3
oi
I
1
2
1
17
3
12
4
244
204
128
135
200
149
150
1
1
• ThlB examlnntion took place whilp the Librarj' waa closed for repaln
tInc-IudeH FellowfB Alhenajum fxan^lnfttion.
Public Library.
83
appe:nt)ix XXIII.
WORK IN THE LIBRARY BINDERY.
Character of
Work.
H
t»
H
«
1
«
If
t'
1
«
ac
H
H
6
on
t»
H
9
l»
1
»
aci
H
©
9
at)
H
H
QC
1
©
ao
H
Bates Hall books
bound aud finished
2,219
2,008
2,635
2.613
3,223
4,759
4,155
4,272
3,958
5,839
Books of the Lower
Hall and branches
1,015
744
753
1,508
7,766
8,743
11,129
10,084
7,606
2,752
Books repaired . .
396
430
492
444
959
873
949
1,371
1,397
1,201
Catalogues wired
and covered for
public use in
Lower Hall and
branches ....
490
437
287
143'
Maps dissected aud
mounted ....
47
28
91
109
r
Map volumes and
shelf-lists mounted
212
165
493
820
2,712
958
3,014
2,145
3,205
Pamphlet cases . .
546
64
24 1
Portfolios
5
8
8J
.
Removable covers
for catalogues and
for paper-covered
books
266
263
450
1,520
1,287
1,271
1,469
1,970
1,946
1,032
Maps mounted,
bound, and bor-
dered
54
41
8
Hours of miscel-
laneous work . .
1,842
2,297
1,437
2,486
2,183
2,586
2,778
2,615
2,205
1,959
During the first eight mouths of the year
in outside binderies.
0,354 Lower Hall aud branch books were bound
BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY
llllllillilllllii ,
3 9999 06314 632 6