Annual report of the American Madura Mission

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THE

FIFTY-SEVENTH

ANNUAL REPORT

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PRINTED AT THE LENOX PRESS, PAS UM A LAI

THE

FIFTY-SEVENTH

ANNUAL KEPOET

OF THE

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AMERICAN MADURA MISSION,

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1891.

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PRINTED AT THE LENOX PRESS, PASUMALAI.

1892.

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REPORT.

<^T is the object of this report to set forth briefly the
workings of the American Madura Mission for the year
1891. During the past year the force of missionaries in
this mission has been small, smaller in fact than at any
time in the past thirty -five years. Almost every mission-
ary has had charge of two or more stations. Notwith-
standing this there have been added to our number this
year as the result of previous seed-sowings and present
effort upwards of five hundred Christian souls. The year
has been one of heavy burden on account of fewness of
laborers but our minds are cheered by the return of two
of our missionaries, Rev. James B. Tracy and Rev. J. P.
Jones with Mrs. Tracy and Mrs. Jones, who have been
home on furlough and now return to India refreshed by a
season spent in the invigorating climate of America. We
also welcome to labor with us Rev. W. P. Elwood and Mrs.
El wood and Rev. G. W. Wright and Rev. Edward P, Hol-
ton. Thus reinforced the outlook is cheering indeed.

Hip fjmimmras.

During the year we have lost by death one of our mis-
sionaries here on the field; and four others have died in
America. On the last few pages of this report will be
found more extended remarks concerning them.

On Nov. 6th little Edward Montague the son of Dr. and
Mrs. Yan Allen was removed from his parent’s loving em-
brace and taken to a brighter world.

On Nov. 11th the home of Mr. and Mrs. Jeffery was
tnade glad by the birth of a little daughter.

4

In the first part of the year Mr. and Mrs. Humphrey
were obliged to return to America on account of Mr. Hum-
phrey’s ill-health. They had been of great service in the
Pasumalai College during the absence of Dr. Washburn
and were able to hold out barely till his return.

The health of the missionaries with the exceptions noted
above has been good, though some are much worn from
overwork.

During the last two months of the year there was a
very serious cholera epidemic in the Madura District. It
began in the city of Madura and was of a very virulent
type, it being fatal with nearly all persons who were
attacked. Pastor Yesadian of the East Gate Church was
among the victims. After sixteen of our native Christians
had died, and among the Hindus several hundred, the dis-
ease seemed to lose its virulency and later the scourge died
out entirely. Scarcely had it ceased to rage in Madura
when it appeared in the villages about Madura. In these
villages it is now very bad and some of our Christians have
died.

Last year and the year before, due to a partial failure
of the rains, scarcity, and in some districts actual famine,
has prevailed. This year as September, the time for the
rains to begin, came aud went and the sun from a cloud-
less sky still shone on a baked aud scorched earth it
seemed certain that the fearful famine scenes of 1877 and
1878 must be repeated. However, the rains though late
came and in most districts there was a fair rainfall. The
Madura District received even more than an average,
though it all came in a few days and it is certain that
amual famine will not prevail here this season, but other
districts were most unfortunate aud even now famine has
. • un in several of them. The distress is widespread and

>er. ment has begun relief works and famine kitchens,
'lhe failure of crops in surrounding parts is making the
price of rice high here and this will raise very seriously
the expense of our boarding schools.

o

y a $ i 0 r $ *

"We have at present eighteen ordained! native- pastors,
'They are men of a good degree of education, nearly all
ihaving been trained at Pasumalai. They fill, their positions
with satisfaction to the people and to the missionary.

The Christians as well as the Hindus look on these men
wTith regard and their conduct is such as to inspire respect.
They no doubt notably elevate the moral and religious tone
of their neighborhood and district.

Their salary is met from funds raised in India,, and their
support is not a tax on home funds.

Extracts from their reports will be found in the Ap-
pendix.

8 a t $ 1 1 i 0 i $ .

Another valuable class of our native agents is our cate-
chists. They are the grade next to the pastors. They are
men of some education and the rule among them is earnest
devotion. Their life is a difficult one being surrounded
by the dense ignorance of village life. Once a month the
missionary meets these. men and not only by his presence
hut also by association with each other, they are cheered
up, new life is breathed into them and they are kept at
their best. At these monthly meetings reading matter is
also often supplied to them by the missionary.

Being men of quite as much if not more information
than others in the village, and moreover being much
better educated they soon come to be looked up to and
Btand well among the people. Dwarfing as are the circum-
stances of their life they still are developed enough to be
above the people and to lift them to a higher plane. The
catechists’ wives are women of education usually, and do
much good.

It would be well if better means were at our command

6

to supply our catechists with reading matter. They are
men for the most part quite capable of comprehending it
if it were within their reach.

1> eat Ipr s.

We have 203 schoolmasters and 73 schoolmistresses.
In the villages it is frequently the catechist who also is the
school teacher. He has his little building of perhaps 15
by 30 feet in dimensions, walls of mud and roof of thatch,
and in this building Sunday by Sunday he holds preaching
services and on week days, school exercises. It is largely
through the work that is done in these little school-houses
that the truth is permeating into the minds of the people.

It is evident that Christianity and its truths are becoming
widely presented and intelligently known, not only in the
large centers but in every nook and corner. According
to the recent census the increase in native Christians in
the Madras Presidency has been 23 per cent, in 10 years.

§ fj ur\ t If £ $ .

Of these we have 37. They are generally prosperous
and none of them call upon the home society for the sup-
port of their pastors. During this past year times have
been so hard, and the conditions of life so difficult, owing
to the failure of rains and the partial famine, that collec-
tions have been difficult but with it all no complaint has
been heard and some churches have increased their contri-
butions. When these churches were first established the
work was carried on entirely from home funds but now
a large measure of self-support has been reached.

In Madura a new church was organized in September,
the Madura North Gate Church, and the catechist who had
labored in the congregation was ordained as its pastor. It
has a membership of forty-six.

7

The East Grate Church suffered severely in the cholera
epidemic, and lost its pastor as well as other members.
Rev. E. Yesadian had laboured among this people four
years and had made his influence felt in many directions.

The care of the church has been much lightened by the
willing co-operation of many of its members in maintain-
ing its activities.

It has been the policy of this mission since 1844, or ten
years after its first beginnings, to receive people not only
as full members but also those who wish to be put under
instruction. The former are classed as communicants
and the latter as adherents, but all are denominated as
Christians- They are so called by their heathen neigh-
bors, and are treated in every way, including persecutions,
as the communicants. After being instructed, they are
received into full communion. We have here and there
adherents in new villages but in each congregation, com-
municants. The gain in congregations this year has been
eight.

It often happens that in a village where the only means
of Christian knowledge has been the visits on itineracy of
the missionary or native pastor, that the Spirit of God has
been working in the hearts of the people and suddenly
this is made known by a deputation visiting the missionary
and saying that a number of people there wish to become
Christians. This number who have banded together in the
village for this purpose is often 20 or 40 and may be over
100. It usually includes leading men and is surely a pop-
ular movement. But these people though they have come
out and have so incurred persecution are still ignorant and
on account of their ignorance, weak. Unless they can be
put' under instruction at once and so held they will fall
baek.' Just at this point is a difficulty and one which
sometimes comes as a dark cloud over the whole scene.

8

It is the difficulty of finding a good catechist, but more’
than that the difficulty of funds for the erection of a place
of worship and for the catechist’s support.

Mr. Noyes writes: — “In Periakulam Station there are
now forty-seven Christian congregations with 2,787 mem-
bers and sis organised congregational churches with a
membership of 703, of whom eighty-three have been
added during the present year. One new Christian con-
gregation of thirty families has been received and a flour-
ishing school established for them. 1,675 Rupees has been
raised for church building and the support of the native
pastors. The Kombai church besides supporting their pas-
tor has contributed Rs. 120 for the erection of their new
church and the new congregation has given Rs. 100.”

Mr. Perkins writes: — “In Feb. thirty people in Ahavel-
lipatti, in March sixty-seven in Varnankulam, in April
thirty-two in Karadipatti, in July thirty-nine in Neeravi
Karisakulam, in Aug. ninety-eight in Tumissenapatti and
in September thirty-three in Kamuthi joined us. Besides
the above large additions, we received in different villages
small numbers, such as two, three or five which being the
total up to more than 300. Among the numbers who came
from Neeravi there were twenty-one men of about thirty
years of age who came with their wives and desired to be
numbered among the Christians. On making further en-
quiry, we found that the prime mover in leading them
to become Christians was neither pastor, catechist nor
missionary but their old father who, strange to note, had
not become one himself. He had urged his children
saying ‘the Christian religion is true, join it, I cannot
because I will lose my employment.’ His employment
is taking the offerings made to a certain village deity
and after offering them, he is permitted to take them
away and use them for his own wants. Thus he gains
a fair livelihood — a strange and unusual advocate for
Christianity and yet the man represents a large class
of Hindus, who are secret believers in Christ, and
yet are deterred from giving up business interests and

9

livelihood in order to follow Him whom they acknowledge
to be Divine. This class of secret believer's are not usual-
ly chronicled in mission reports. From what can be
seen in this field and what I have heard from the ladies
of their zenana work I am led to thoroughly believe
that these secret disciples number hundreds and though
not confessing Christ yet we do not despair, but leave them
in the hands of Him who gave to timid Nicodemus power
and grace to come with spices and aloes to the burial and
thus be numbered among those who loved at a time, of all
times, that tried the disciples5 faith and allegiance.

“ In another village where several had joined us, after
three months we had the sorrow and chagrin of seeing
all but one of the little band relapse. The itineracy had
done much work there, the result of which was that a
number of people embraced Christianity. But even while
we were holding our meeting there, the trouble commenced.
The jeering bystanders were looking on trying to inter-
rupt our service which had to be held in the open air
as we had no church or school-house and the little huts
of the people would not hold the number. While our
heads were bowed in prayer the words came from the hea-
then ‘What is this, what are they doing now, ha, I see,
playing hide and seek.5 While our preaching was going
on some in the crowd said to the new congregation, ‘You
are very secure now, wait till to-morrow, when the white
man goes and see what becomes of your cattle.5 The
roofs of twenty of the houses had already been burnt down
by their persecutors and true to their word, after the mis-
sionary, pastor and six preachers had left, the fire of per-
secution became fierce and hot. The cattle were driven,
off and other misdemeanors were committed. The people
brought charges in the Court against their persecutors
but when the day of trial came, such had been their suffer-
ing and such was their fear that the poor creatures were
afraid to testify against their masters, but actually said,
‘No, these are not the men who burnt our houses; no,
these are not the men who carried off our cattle; no, these

2

10

are not tlie men who beat us.’ So the case was dismissed
and they went back to their villages submissively bowing
to their cruel masters, submissively obeying the command
to leave Christianity.

“ Poor creatures, when I next visited the village, they
were ashamed to meet me, so went out into the fields or
otherwise abseuted themselves. But they need not have
feared the missionary who would not have upbraided them
but only have pitied them in their sore trial. However,
our hearts were gladdened by the words of a bystander.
‘There is one young man who has not gone back* ‘Call
him quickly5 I said, and presently he appeared, modest but
firm. A young man of about 22, ‘So you are the only
one left of the members who confessed Christ last March.5
‘Yes Sir.’ ‘But did they not persecute you?5 ‘Yes Sir.5
‘But will they not continue to persecute you ? 5 ‘Yes, but
so let it be, I am not going back.5 ‘Thank God.5 I said,
and looking about for a place to pray and finding no
friendly house or retired spot, we kueeled where we were
in the street with heathen all about and commended this
brave lad to the care and keeping of his Saviour.

“In the large town of Kamuthi, after many years of pa-
tient toil the faith of the workers has been rewarded this
year by the accession of thirty-three souls. As it wras an
important place, and a centre of our work, we felt that we
could not give up our work there." Five years ago an earn-
est worker sickened and died there. Two years ago, a
bright young man who was doing the work of an evangel-
ist in and about that town was taken with cholera and
died. In May of this year the evangelist died and still no
converts, and the only few Christians in the place were
traders who came there only for a few months of the year
and then went south. Still the pastor pressed me to hold
on in faith, notwithstanding the great loss of money and
life, for he felt that a break in the ranks of heathendom
was near, and he was right, for in September the joyful
news came that thirty-three had boldly confessed Christ
and we quickly hastened to the place and organised them

II

into a little congregation. This is the entering wedge
that we have been waiting for, for many months, and now
we are reporting great things at the hand of the Lord
in that large and important town. Thus is the Lord work-
ing throughout the station giving great joy and courage
to the workers as they see evidences of His presence in
the deepening of spiritual life among the churches and
in giving quite a number of accessions from the ranks of
the enemy and in impressing a large number who still
remain without, of the truth of the gospel.”

By this is meant tours among the strictly heathen villag-
es where no schools have been established, where Chris-
tians have never lived and where Christianity is practically
unknown. It is the custom for the missionary to gather
together ten or twelve catechists several times a year and
going from village to village make plain the truths of the
Christian religion. As a rule the people are attentive, and
books and tracts and leaflets are given away and sold in
large amount. This is a branch of our work which every
missionary feels should be developed and is developed to
the limit of strength.

Three itineracies this year have been carried on in the
Pasumalai Station: — The people, in almost every village
visited, gave more attention to the gospel message than
ever before, and changes are seen in many both young and
old. The people hitherto supposed the Christian religion
was only for low castes, now they begin to see that it is
also for high castes, by having learned that several of
all castes have become Christians. There are three in-
dividuals, two of the Kallar caste and the other, a Yeda
Naik, who seemed to have an earnest desire to become
Christians, and they earnestly requested prayer to God
that they might become true believers in Jesus. The
Holy Spirit, we believe, has begun to move their darken-
ed minds and hearts.

12

Two young women who were under the instruction of
the Bible woman express a desire to embrace the religion
of Christ but hesitate for fear of their husbands.

The work during festival days is of no little importance, it
being a proclamation of the truths of the gospel by means
of personal conversations and addresses and by distribu-
tion of religious tracts and portions of Scripture. During
the year, 5,430 handbills, 189 religious tracts and books,
and 260 copies of Scripture portions have been given

BiWsy .

Mr. Hazen in speaking of the itineracy, reports: — “Itin-
eracies 15, villages visited 1,551, hearers 68,389. At no
previous time have our agents entered with so much zeal
and devotion upon this part of our work as this year.
They have done twice as much work this year as last.
Immense tracts of country not visited by the catechists in
their ordinary work have been explored and the gospel
seed sown bountifully on every hand. It is hard work and
requires much faith, but we are sure that the great har-
vest time will show much precious fruit from this seed
sowing.”

Mr. Noyes says of the itinei’acy: — “Fourteen itinera-
cies have been conducted in the station in which 429 days
labor of pastors and catechists has been spent and the gos-
pel has been preached to 19,000 persons living in 117 vil-
lages.”

In Madura street-pi’eaching is carried on regularly. This
always takes place in the evening as this is found to be
the time of day when the best attention is given in a place
of the size of Madura. Mr. Chandler with all his native
assistants goes out about dusk. They take up positions
about the town and preach to the passers by. In each place
selected three or four catechists or teachers are located
and take turns in speaking. Mr. Chandler visits suc-
cessively the different preaching places.

Last May during the Chitrai festival when the great mass
of the people from the surrounding country came to Mad-

13

wa preaching as is customary at this festival time was
kept up constantly for five days throughout the city by
sixty or more catechists, aided bythe missionaries.

JPastrawfet iolfeigs.

This has been under Dr. Washburn’s care again through
the year. He writes: — “ We returned from the U. S. in
December of 1890, having been somewhat delayed by ill-
ness at home. We found the University and other exami-
nations, conducted by Government officials, going on while
Mr. Humphrey was too ill to attend to his duties in the
College. On reopening in January, I found myself con-
fronted with a heavy debt, a reduction in the appropria-
tions from the U. S. and a circular from the secretaries
deprecating special appeals to the committee.

“Our boarding establishment was accordingly reduced
from 220 to 1 70 and arrangements made in all departments
to carry on the work on a reduced scale. The number on
our rolls is thus smaller than for a number of years.

“The year has also been a very exceptional one. We
returned to the Madras Presidency by way of Bombay at
what is the height of the growing season; but instead of
well-filled tanks of water and luxuriant fields of growing
rice watered by them, and thriving fields of dry grain,
for a hundred miles was a waterless waste of dying vege-
tation or unploughed and unsown lands. From the time we
reached Pasumalai till the 16th of August 1891, but three
showers worth recording fell. Famine has actually exist-
ed to the south, north and north-west to such an extent
that relief works had to be started and soup-kitchens
opened, and while things have not come to that pass in our
own district the usual rains refused to fall for the first
nine months of the year and then the whole ordinary sup-
ply of the entire year came down within forty-four consecu-
tive days. Nevertheless, the price of food rose 40 per cent.

14

and families in moderate circumstances, to say nothing of
the poor, have found it very hard to keep children in school
at all. It has thus been not only an unusual year but a
very hard year for schools with boarding departments.

“The improved organization of the Hindu schools in
Madura and their more flourishing financial condition has
also had an effect to reduce the number of non-Chris-
tian day-scholars from the town and its vicinity who have
customarily attended on our schools.

“ One other agency has been at work whose effect, though
not now manifest, will not fail to appear in the course of a
few years when pupils now entering make their way to
the higher classes of the school and to service. We refer
to the fact that but four of the stations have been occupied
with missionaries having preparatory schools, and this for
two or three years. As a cousequence no choice has been
possible in selecting pupils for middle school education and
fewer have been presented from which to select classes to
continue their studies in higher classes. A complete course
at Pasumalai requires ten years of study. How important
that those who enter on the whole course, or on the seven or
four years course should be the best material in the ranks
of our native membership.

“It is not too much to say that up to the present time
aspirations for western education have not disturbed the
thoughts of the well-to-do classes of our rural constitu-
ency. Their farms and their trade and the simple monot-
onous life of an Indian hamlet fill the hemisphere of
their outlook and satisfy their highest wishes. But this
class has men of sterling worth in it, men the heads of
villages and clans and communal families, able and accus-
tomed to rule in their spheres, who might become most
useful men in the church. It is towards this class we are
to aim, and from which our schools should be filled.

“Health. — At the height of the drought in July we
experienced an epidemic of malarial fever, the like of which
I have not known in the more than twenty years I have

15

been connected with the Institution. So many were ill
that the work of the classes was much interfered with for
more than a month, only one of those attacked died, and
he at his home in Madura, though a number had to give
up further school work for the year. The service of a
trained Hospital Assistant during the epidemic was invalu-
able. With the exception above noticed the health of the
school has been very good and as heretofore we have been
free from the scourge of cholera which has afflicted Mad-
ura and the villages about us.

“Examinations. — As a school must first of all be a
school, that is, perform the functions of an agency of edu-
cation, we naturally look to the examinations at the end of
the year as some test of its efficiency. They are a very
inadequate and untrustworthy test but they are the accept-
ed tests by which educational institutions are judged and
hence we refer to them here.

“As Indian examinations go, the results of the college
examinations were very creditable, 50 per cent, of our stu-
dents sent up to the University examination having pass-
ed as compared with 32 per cent, of passes of all candi-
dates from all institutions throughout the country. In the
High School we were also much above the average, but that
average was deplorably low. The results in the Middle
School were as a whole satisfactory though the 7th stand-
ard examination was not creditable. At the examination
in method in the Normal School nearly all our candidates
were successful as also in the subsequent examination in
teaching power.

“Owing to my absence from India and Mr. Humphrey’s
failing health the Bible examinations were mostly conduct-
ed by the masters in the institution and of these I will
not speak; in the Cator Prize examination including the
college students and the 6th form in the High School, all
the college candidates passed and a large percentage of
those from the High School. The committee of the mission
visited the Theological Seminary on Dec. 11th, and con-

ducted both 3 written and oral examination of the nine can-
didates in the theological class as to which they have
reported to the mission.

“The committee of the mission made a visitation and
inspection of the whole institution in August and the Gov-
ernment Inspector inspected and examined the normal
and practising departments in October. This last report
speaks very favorably of the condition of the school.

“Teaching Staff. — Mr. H. H. Stutson, b.a., arrived in
Pasumalai from America in January to take the place of
Mr. D. S. Herrick, b.a., who returned to the IT. S. in Au-
gust of 1890. But he had already stayed five years instead
of the three years for which he came. Most of the teachers
in all departments hold certificates of professional training.
The steady tendency in the educational department and
University is to demand work of teachers requiring more
technical skill and more natural aptitude in teaching. In-
ducements and opportunities towards a normal training for
teachers are abundantly provided and offered by Govern-
ment. At the same time the high school course has been
extended to three years. This is all as it should be, not
that it meets a native demand, there is no native public
opinion or demand as to quality in education. The only
native tendency in this as in all production is to degrade
the product, but the aim is at least to keep in touch with
the higher education of the civilized world.

“It is our aim to keep even with the best schools and
colleges. And it is this in part, but only in part, which
has increased our expenses this year and seriously endang-
ered the school.

“Buildings: — A dining hall and kitchen spacious enough
to accommodate 200 or more boarders has been erected this
year. It is 87 ft. long by 37 ft. broad, entirely fire and
white-ant proof, as the dining room has not a piece of
timber in it, and the kitchen no wood except the doors and
door and window frames, the materials being brick and
iron and stone. This is the first step towards gathering

17

together the scattered classes of our lower school into a
building of their own. It is in contemplation to build five
class rooms on the site occupied by the old dining room.
The institution will then be very well provided with class
rooms — twenty-one, enough, but not one too many and not
one not in daily use. The front of the quadrangle has
been improved by a verandah along’ the front of the science
room, and Library, and also connecting the College with
the Moore Memorial Hall. We are in much need of twen-
ty, separate dwelling and study rooms for college and
theological students and masters under training in the
Normal School, and also of a gymnasium.

“The College Church which is also the station church
is still ministered to by Mr. Barnes. Thirteen members have
been added to it by profession ; of these, eleven are pupils in
the school, one of them came from the Roman Catholics
and another from the Hindus. As my attention was called
to the number of those who had themselves individually
come out from Hinduism or Romanism after they were of
an age to choose distinctly for themselves I one day asked
all in the school who were thus new comers on their own
choice to meet me. Twenty-one presented themselves and
there were a number more who failed to put in an appear-
ance. No fewer than twenty-five such young men are in at-
tendance on the schools or college. A very few of these are
grown up young men who cast in their lot with us when their
fathers came. Most of them came alone, and the great
majority against the opposition of their friends and family,
while some of them have borne for years the bitterest
persecution of near relatives. Europeans and Americans
are apt to underrate the virtues of Asiatics. They in"
stantly discern their weak points which are mostly of an-
other class from those of occidentals. The Hindus, too, are
very sensitive to public opinion and to ridicule, but there
are not a few young men here who have faced meetings of
their heathen caste-people and boldly answered for the
faith that is in them. They have braved ridicule, endured
insults and stood firm to their colors in spite of all. Daniel

3

18

and bis band are not dead. They are to be found in every
Christian Mission in India and some of them in the Madura
Mission and in Pasumalai.-

“Near the close of the year three young men have come
to us at the sacrifice of family ties, one fled away from
home with another boy three years ago, but was sent back
with his father on the promise that he should have liberty
to live as a Christian at home. This he was not able to
do and he now comes out leaving all for Christ. The
family are land-holders in comfortable circumstances. He
is intelligent and zealous and has made a good beginning
here.

“Another is a young man of about the same age, say
twenty-one, of quiet, winning face and manners. When
his uncle with whom he lives learned that he was inclined
to be a Christian, he prohibited his attending our school
or service or associating with Christians. In course of
time he left his village to find a home with us at Pasumalai.

“The third is the son of a village magistrate. He is the
man who was so affronted by our catechist sitting in a
chair and dressing in a jacket that he called him to account
for these innovations on good old caste-customs and threat-
ened to burn down his house, if he did not reform. The
magistate’s son in the meantime began to frequent the
catechist’s house to learn of him; and in due time a rup-
ture occurred between the father and the son which sent
the son to Pasumalai. Thus our work goes on. I have
while writing this report the best evidence of the good
character of another of our young men who came here
from Ceylon and returned two or three years after, a firm
Christian; and while some fall away the great majority
honor their profession.”

Mr. Stutson says: — “The Pasumalai Y. M. C. A. has
undergone some changes this year. The old Association
has been divided into two: a junior and a senior branch.
It was thought that the younger members could do more
effective work alone.

19

“The aim in the Association has been to induce each
member to go to work for the Master in some way. In
furtherance of this the first step has been to make each
one feel that he has a share in its meetings and that the
responsibility of doing all he can in support of the work
rests upon him as a member.

“Mr. L. D. Wishard of the International Committee vis-
ited us early in the year and left behind him feelings of
encouragement and plans for further effort. Mr. David
McConaughy of the Madras Association and Secretary of
the National Committee also visited us, and in addition to
the addresses made to the Association, favored us with an
illustrated lecture on Palestine.”

These are one of our most efficient means for building
up an intelligent and firm Christianity. In Madura town
alone we have thirteen schools.

Of the five schools which are especially for girls Miss
D. T. M. Root reports: — “In addition to the four Hindu
schools that have been under my care, I have this year
opened two new schools, one for boys and girls in connec-
tion with the work in our Madura West Gate Church, the
other for Mohammedan girls. The school in the West
Gate was opened in July. The Mohammedan school was
opened in October. One of the Madura officials who is a
Mohammedan, first brought the subject to our notice.
He is an educated man and liberal-minded, and it was
through his influence that the opposition of the people
was overcome. Although there were many deaths from
cholera in that quarter soon after the school was opened,
yet during that time there was an average attendance of
twelve. There are now forty-nine children on the roll.

“In December the annual Government examination was
held and a large proportion of the children passed. The

20

Government grant was Rs. 1,434, a gain of about Rs. 400
over last year. In addition to this sum we have received
from Government about Rs. 15 in rent grant. The pupils
do not pay auy fees at present except a small sum for Eng-
lish, but we shall try to collect fees after this year’s ex-
amination.

“The attendance at the Hindu Sunday-schools has been
more regular this year than last. The children have stud-
ied the international lessons and have followed both the
Old and New Testament lessons with great interest.”

Our schools for boys in Madura are under the charge
of Mr. Chandler. They are all in a prosperous condition.

Of our Girls Training School in Madura Miss Noyes
writes: — “In this school there are two main divisions, a
Normal and a Practising department, the latter including
the Middle School and all classes below, and the former,
the higher and normal classes. The staff now consists of
the head master, three assistant masters, a training mis-
tress, the head mistress of the Primary School, and two
assistant mistresses. The places of two mistresses who
left early in the year were supplied by trained gradu-
ates of this school.

“By the advice of the Inspectress of Girls Schools, the
normal students also this year devote their whole time to
training only. Thus we have fifteen pupil teachers, and
the whole primary department, including for the first time
the fourth class, has this year been taught by them, under
the supervision of the head mistress, — six girls taking the
entire responsibility of the classes for a month at the end
of which time they are relieved by six others.

“There are some non-Christian children in the younger
classes, and the girls have shown great enthusiasm in
teaching them Bible verses and stories, which the children
in their turn take delight in repeating. A lady visiting the
school one day, after hearing some of the little children
repeat their Scripture lessons, remarked that very few

children of their age in America could show such a know-
ledge of the Bible. The regular Bible lessons in most of
the classes have been entrusted to our most experienced
teachers, who -take especial interest in this part of their
work.

“There are now 179 children attending the school, and
with the increasing numbers and the additional higher
classes, our work has been much cramped for want of
room, and much inconvenience has been experienced. Wo
hope ere another year passes to be enabled to double our
class room, by enlarging Otis Hall, so that we may have
space to make many improvements and to carry out many
plans which are now impossible.

“We have great cause for thankfulness in the remark-
ably good health enjoyed by the pupils in the school this
year. While there has been an unusual amount of sick-
ness among our people, and many have been stricken down
by cholera there have been no serious cases of illness in
the school. As the school matron said to me one day,
fGod has taken care of us this year in a wonderful way.3

“Although the school has received no especial spiritual
Blessing this year yet in many ways we have had evidence
of God’s presence with us. Five girls have united with
the church. The Christian Endeavor and Benevolent So-
ciety is still enthusiastically kept up. The little Sunday-
school which is conducted by the girls in connection with
this has in it a number of silk-weaver boys, who come as
regularly as the little Christian children. The girls hold
many meetings among themselves which are well attended.
In my own bi-weekly meetings with them, I have often
been touched by the simple confessions and child-like
trusting prayers of the very little girls. Often, when visit-
ing the school towards night, I have come upon little
groups of two or three of these children kneeling together
in prayer.

“It is very pleasant to see the eagerness which the older
girls shew when any new form of Christian work is pro-

22

posed. A society of 'King’s Daughters’ has lately been
formed, and each of my 'ten’ has formed another
'ten’ among her school-mates, promising to hold a little
meeting with them every eveuing, and to help them in
every way possible.

''The longer I am in the school, and the better acquaint-
ed I become with the girls studying here and the educated
Christian women in our district, the more I realize the re-
sponsibility and importance of this work. In habits of
personal neatness, in general intelligence, and in thought-
ful, unselfish piety, there can be no comparison between
these women trained in Christian schools, and their unedu-
cated sisters. Our work in this school is to lay the foun-
dations of character, and to fit these girls for lives of use-
fulness in the service of Christ. Every girl sent out must
be a missionary, a light to shine in some dark place,
whether in her own home, or in those of others or as a
teacher in some other school.”

In each one of our stations where there are resident
missionaries we have boarding schools. The children of
these boarding schools are under the daily instruction and
care of the missionary and the effect of a civilized mind on
untutored and unrefined children, as many of them are
when they first attend, is most gratifying. In no other
way are children so effectually reached as when they are
thus under the constant attention of the missionary — an
attention which it is impossible to bestow in any other
school than the boarding school.

Miss Perkins writes: — "An untidy, undisciplined village
child with little knowledge of the Bible or the ways of
godliness after a few months with us is quite transformed.

" One father writes thanking us for the improvement he
sees in his little girl. ' We find her with regular and or-
derly habits, obedient to her parents and elders, and fond
of her Bible.’

"A young man was most anxious that we should take

Che young girl, whom in the future he expects to marry',,
and give her a few years training. lie wanted her to know
how to read and write, and dress as an educated Christian
woman.”

Mr. Chandler says: — “The Battalagundu Boarding
School is one of the most important spiritual agencies
of the station. At home the boys are continually called off
to work and tempted to go to heathen festivals, whereas
here they are kept steadily at work and are taught habits
of regularity. Then the spiritual tone of their homes is
generally so very low that it is a blessing for them to spend
nine or ten months of the year with educated Christian
people such as they meet at the station center where the
school is.

Again the school is a nursery for those who have just
come out of heathenism into Christianity. There are not
many such, but there are a few very interesting cases, and
these are from the higher castes of the heathen. Were
they not iu such a place where they could be temporarily
withdrawn from the influences of their heathen homes,
the slight beginnings of the Christian life in them would
be arrested.

“The boarding school also is an important link between
the missionary and the Christians of his station. Through
the boys he sees their parents and on account of the chil-
dren the parents are especially drawn to the missionary.
They are also a great help in singing for street-preaching.”

On this subject Mr. Hazen says: — “The improvement of
the pupils in many respects is most marked. When they
come to us at first they are exceedingly uninteresting,
without sense of order, without neatness, without shame,
without truth or principle. In time they brighten up, strug-
gle to overcome these things, the truth gets hold of them,
and they are converted. When they return to their vil-
lages they are a leaven for good to all around them. We
select the best of them, send them up for higher training
and they afterwards become our most reliable mission

24

agent's. The foundation of their characters is laid in our
boarding schools.”

In each station we have native women trained in the
Bible who visiting in friendly houses read and explain it to
the female occupants. This work is in many respects a most
difficult one. But the Bible women are not selected from
the coarse and unrefined. Our Bible women are women of
intelligence and piety. They enter many of the houses of
the best classes and much tact is required.

In the town and station of Madura we have twenty
Bible Avomen and in the entire mission forty-three.

Miss Houston who has charge of the Bible women in
Madura writes: — “ There have been a few necessary chang-
es made among the workers. Three have been removed
and two new ones added and I hope to supply the place of
the third. During the cholera season God mercifully spar-
ed all their lives and most of them worked bravely through
it all, giving five or six hours instead of seven hours a day.
When the fear of sudden death was upon the people they
listened to the teaching of the Bible women as never be-
fore. I noticed wherever I went that they were not careless
as usual about eternal things but were ready to talk about
them and eager to hear of the way of salvation.

“During the year there were nearly a thousand readers.
At any one time there are between six and seven hundred,
as many go to other villages and in June and July many of
the younger ones are married and go away or are compelled
by their new lords to stop reading, but they often manage
to begin again after awhile.

“ A very nice woman whose husband has a good English
education was not allowed some time ago, to learn with
the Bible woman but now although she reads Tamil nicely

25

and knows some English, the Bible woman goes there
and teaches the Bible to her. She is most fond of singing
Christian lyrics. She seems to find great comfort in the
sweet inspiration she gets from them and when her sins
oppress her, as they often do, she takes her book and sings
one lyric after another and she often prays to God who, she
says, is always near her.

“It is pleasant to go to the houses of those who have
found hope for themselves in the word of God, and are
eager to read it with me and sing praises to God and pray
together. It is a little like the services from which they
are cut off and for which some of them yearn and I would
gladly go oftener if I could.

“ Some of the new readers make great progress between
two visits and I am sure that the Bible women are doing
faithful work, while it is no wonder that among these peo-
ple whose women have not been taught in past generations,
some of them are very dull and learn only a little during a
year and with great difficulty. One who is entirely unable
to read in her old age finds great comfort in learning vers-
es and can repeat quite a number.

“ There has been no general opposition this year. One
woman made a wrong use of her learning and so all the

O O

women of that street were stopped.

“ I went to see a very nice silk-weaver woman whom I
have often visited and this time her father-in-law happened
to come in. He is an old man full of zeal for old Hindu-
ism with all its superstitions, and he shook his fist in our
faces and shouted 1 Gurr &qg5B>$ Gun ’ (go donkey, go) a
great many times, but as the woman’s husband was willing
to have her learn, she wa3 not afraid and after he had made
a great racket and prevented a quiet hour I told her she
could come and see me some time and we would have a
little prayer-meeting in my room, as she has been there
before.

“ The silk-weavers show some desire to learn and I was

4

26

glad to see so many beginning when I went with the Bible
woman who teaches them.

“ The hard times have been apparent in many of the
houses in Madura and I have felt sorry for many who seem
to be in want, and hope tlie better prospects will help them.

“ The new year brings with it a great sorrow to our little
band of faithful workers in Madura. One of the oldest
Bible women whose whole heart and soul have been in the
work and who for eighteen years has had the joy and priv-
ilege of carrying the good news to her heathen sisters is
now compelled by the providence of God to stop working.
But although she is not able to do active work she will
spend her few remaining days in earnest prayer for those
whom she loves and yearns to bring to the Savior. Her
quietness and trust in God and obedience to His will while
His hand is heavy upon her are as great proofs to me of
her love to Him as those eighteen years of faithful service.”

Miss M. M. Root has special charge of the work in the
immediate surrounding villages, and also of the religious
teaching of the female patients at the dispensary. She re-
ports:— “ I have eight Bible women employed. The num-
ber of persons under instruction is 318; persons received
this year, 191; number of houses visited, 378; number of
hearers, 16,078. We are glad to report a decided in-
crease this year. There are readers in twenty-three vil-
lages. Other villages have been visited from time to time.
During the heavy rains several of the villages were in-
accessible on account of the overflowing tanks, and the
floods which overspread the fields. Some faithful women
tried to wade through the waters rather than give up
their work.

“Then later came the epidemic of cholera. This again
hindered the regular visitation in certain parts. Only a
small number of our readers in town and village were car-
ried away by this disease. Whenever we went to the vil-
lages we carried cholera medicine with us to be ready
should occasion demand. In two or three cases, where we

27

were informed in time we were able to be of much service
to the people.

“There has been a small decrease of women patients in
the dispensary service, since Miss Dr. Root left for
America. Still there has been a good audience in the
waiting room. As heretofore the Bible woman there has
talked with the patients from 8 to 10 o’clock every morn-
ing. We have endeavoured to reach those patients in
their homes. Some of them have attended our sewing
■class for heathen women at the bungalow.”

Mrs. Noyes says: — “The Bible women employed in the
station have visited 1,900 houses and have spoken of
Christ to 10,200 persons, of whom thirty-five women have
been under regular instruction.

Mrs. Hazen, in charge of the Bible women in Melur,
Manamadura and Tirupuvanam, gives the following re-
port:— “The Bible work in Melur has continued to increase
in popularity and interest. The three women employed
have all the pupils they can do justice to in Melur itself,
but there is such a readiness to listen to the gospel in the
surrounding villages, that we have thought best when the
weather would permit, to devote one day each week to vil-
lage work. In this way eighteen different villages have
heard the Gospel, some of them many times. In some of
these villages they are not satisfied with occasional visits
and ask that a Bible woman may be sent regularly to them.

“One woman listened eagerly to the story of Christ’s
love as manifested in His miracles of healing, but when
she heard of his suffering and death, she was overcome
with grief, and with tears in her eyes, cried fOh, we must
love such a Saviour.’

“One man said fI believe your God is the true God and
I would like to become a Christian, but it would cause the
loss of every thing; friends, relatives, property, all would
be lost. If the Empress of India is a Christian and has
•all authority, why does she not command us all to be-

28

come Christians? Then we could join you without fear.’
The Bible woman replied, ‘Because the queen fears
God she will rule with justice, but she will not compel
you to become Christians, although she has the power to
do so. If you were hungry you would not need to be
forced to eat. If your soul is hungry you will have no
peace until you seek salvation.’ ‘But’ he persisted, ‘we
need compulsion. If a child is sick unto death would
you not force it to take medicine that it might live ?
Just so knowledge must be given forcibly to those who are
weak in knowledge then they will know God and become
strong. In the judgment day if God asks the cause of
so many souls going to hell, I will say it is the fault of the
great queen.’

“Two women came regularly for medicine for several
days, promising me that while taking roy medicine they
would worship no images, but would pray to God only.
They knelt reverently as I prayed for them, and listened
eagerly while I read or talked to them of Jesus. One of
them unconsciously often stretched out her hands as
though eager to grasp all of the blessing, and I am sure
she received a large portion. One day after they had re-
ceived their medicine one of them said: ‘We cannot come
to-morrow for medicine for we promised to worship only
Jesus while taking your medicine, and to-morrow we must
go to the river to worship.’ I read Deut. 17: 2 — 6 and
tried to show them how displeased God is with those who
worship His creatures instead of the Creator. On the
second day after, they came again. To my question, ‘ Did
you go to the river yesterday to worship the sun?’ One of
them replied, ‘I had to go to the river with the rest for my
husband was angry because I had refused to go to the
temple for so many days and he took me by the hand to
drag me out of the house. I went, but I did not worship.
When the rest bowed down, I bowed also, but I only
praised God for giving us such a beautiful sun to give us
light. Was that wrong?’ I remembered Naaman in the
house of Rimmon and was silent.

29

“A man said to the Bible woman one 'day, ‘Ton Chris-
tians seem to have as many troubles as the rest of us in
this life, but you are always talking about the joy and
happiness of the next life, and about seeing again the
friends who have died. I have had much sorrow and sick-
ness, I would like to be a Christian, so that I can look
forward to the future. How long do you think it will take
for me to become a Christian?5

“The Bible woman replied, ‘Only just time -enough for
you to say .1 will serve Jesus Christ.’ ‘'Now is the day of
salvation.’

“One woman whose hair is white with age says; ‘I am
too old to learn to read and I have no strength to do work.
But the Bible woman comes oftener if we try to learn to
read. J like to hear her tell about Jesus so I must have
a book.’

“Another aged woman says, ‘How glad you must be
that you can be a Christian openly. I have to be a Chris-
tian secretly, but I will have no idols in my house, and
will worship Jesus secretly.’

“There are always some of these secret followers at our
weekly women’s prayer-meeting, but some dare not come
regularly for fear of arousing suspicion.

“ One of these was ill for two weeks and sent her daugh-
ter to say, ‘Tell the lady I cannot come, but she must not
be anxious. I am in God’s hands. If He wishes me to
live a little longer, He will give me health and strength.
If I die I shall still be in His hands, I am so old I would
dike to go to Jesus’ home to rest.’

“In the three stations there are nine Bible women with a
total of 267 pupils. By these Bible women the gospel has
been preached this year to 29,000 women.”

30

It has always been the policy of the Madura Mission to
have one or more medical missionaries, not only to care
for the health of the mission but in our public dispensaries
and hospitals by the use of a means so visibly benevo-
lent to make as plain as possible to the people that we seek
only their good. These efforts have not been in vain and
much of the kindly feeling with which the mission is look-
ed upon is due to the insight to our motives which has
been afforded by the medical work. It is well known to
the people that the doors of our dispensaries are always
open, that medicine is to be had without price, and that
the hand of the medical missionary is always ready to
help.

Dr. Chester who has charge of two stations besides his
large medical work in Dindigul says of his dispensary and
hospital work: — “The year 1891 will be a memorable one
in the annals of the Dindigul Hospital and Dispensary,
as in many others in the Madras Presidency, for the
many cases of anaemia, dysentery, diarrhoea and malarial
fever, for the great scarcity, and the high price of all arti-
cles of food, and for the threatened famine, in our Madura
District.

“Then for about six weeks, at the close of the year, we
had a more severe outbreak of cholera, in the town of
Dindigul, and many of the surrounding villages, than we
have had in many years. We have been making up and
distributing cholera pills by the thousands and the disease
continues in the villages.

“It is in such epidemics as this that the quality of a dis-
pensary staff is well tested. And I have reason to con-
gratulate our Dindigul District, on the good and faithful
work done by the Hospital Assistants, compounders and
other subordinates, in the Dindigul Hospital and Dispen-
sary.

“We have had, in the year under review, 10,014 new

cases, or those coming for the first time and a total of
21,967 old and new cases, which represents the number of
prescriptions written.

“ These patients have come from 636 different villages.
Of the new cases, 5,288 have been medical, 3,602 surgical,
219 medical and surgical, and 905 cases of vaccination.

“The new cases included 81 Europeans, 81 Eurasians,
•3,300 Native Christians, 738 Mohammedans, and 5,814
Hindus. Of these there were 5,540 male patients and
4,474 female patients.

“I continue to find our small detached houses, for in-pa-
tients, highly appreciated by our native patients. Those
patients who have preferred to remain in the Hospital
Chutram, have been allowed to do so.

“We have given batta to less than one-twentieth of our
in-patients, most of these providing their own food and
a, person to cook for them.

“The two native trained nurses, with diplomas, have
rendered efficient sei’vice.

“The entire separation of male and female out-patients
has been carefully carried out and the rule of invariable
kindness on the part of all the dispensary assistants to
poor patients, as well as the rich, has been, as in previous
years, strictly enforced. I desire to record my sincere
thanks to the Madura Local Fund Board and the Dindigul
Municipality for their continued kind grants to the Dindi-
gul Dispensary.”

Dr. Van Allen writes: — “At the beginning of the year
when Miss Dr. Root went home on furlough and the spe-
cial work for women and children was placed in my hands,
we both thought that the attendance in the women’s depart-
ment would fall off, no lady doctor being in attendance, and
so it has proved. But I am cheered and surprised that it
has fallen off so little. The last year of Dr. Root’s work
here she treated 21,000 cases and the same year (being the
first of my labors) I treated 13,000 in my department,

viz., that of the general medical work. This year the at-
tendance in the departments for women and children has
fallen off some 3,000 cases but in the other side of the
dispensary where males are treated the number has in-
creased by 7,000, so that the large number of 3400, as
the total of last year has not only been maintained this
year but increased to 38,000. But this does not alter the
case that a lady doctor is much needed here in Madura,
for at the best there are hundreds of women suffei’ing
and dying who will not seek the aid of a male physician.
Not only this but so large a medical work is too much for
one pair of hands. However it must be said that besides
myself there are two Native Hospital Assistants, medically
qualified and most faithful in the discharge of their work,
seven compounders and three female assistants.

“The work has run on most smoothly and harmoniously
during the year.

“Religious instruction is regularly carried on every
morning in both departments. Preaching, in which I have
engaged personally as much as possible, is held on the male
side of the hospital and on the female side there is always a
Bible woman in attendance.

“This year has seen the erection of a new ward adjoin-
ing our dispensary building and capable of accommodat-
ing ten beds. The erection of this building was necessary
as there was no room for serious cases, such patients
being accommodated before with a place on the floor here
and there on the verandah or in a corner of some room
already quite fully occupied. The money for the erection
of this ward was entirely given by patients and the fur-
nishings, cots, etc., was generously contributed by friends
at home.

“The hospital for women we hoped would be completed
before this as our dispensary building is crowded full to
its utmost capacity now, and even when this over repletion
is relieved, by removing the women’s work to the new hos-
pital, we still shall be much crowded.

33

“We hereby wish to publicly thank the Madura -Munici-
pality for their continued grant of Rs. 300 and also the
District Board for their grant given this year, for the first
time, of Rs. 500.

“We have three branches of the Madura Dispensary,
one at Pasumalai, one at Arupukottai and one at Battala-
gundn. At these places a regular supply of medicine is
kept. The total number of cases treated in their dispen-
saries during' the year was 6,000.

“The health of the missionaries has this year been
only fair. Several have been seriously ill and one has
died. However at the present writing there is no illness. ”

The matter of self-support is urged on the people by
the missionary, by every means at his command. The
people themselves realize that giving is essential but with
scarcity of food always threatening, and at the best not
more than two meals a day, and the hardest conditions of
existence for the great mass of them it is impossible for
them to meet all the expenses of a growing work. Many
of our native Christians have only one meal a day and the
mites which they give are mites indeed. But with all this
contributions have increased this year.

Giving is not left by any means to impulse and chance
but a most systematic method is carried out, not only in
the churches but in the homes. In the houses little kali-
ams are kept in a convenient place and from time to time
as they are able the family put in coins. Every few
months these jars are taken to the church and opened and
their contents go to the support of a pastor or evangelist or
schools. By this method alone a great deal is raised and
it represents much real self-denial.

The people are no doubt reaching a higher plane of

5

34

self-support. Each year the gifts are increasing in
amount and this year more is given than ever before.

S>|o lijjboma' Jtifr jSamlrj.

This society has now 149 members, of whom fifty-nine
subscribe for a pension of one rupee a month, and twenty-
eight for a pension of five rupees, the others having pen-
sions between these sum. It pays pensions to four fami-
lies of orphans and thirty widows, the sum thus paid
in 1891 was Rs. 785-4-1.

Its receipts the past year have been as follows: —
Entrance Fees and Subscriptions Rs. 386 3 9

Interest on invested Funds „ 1,790 0 8

Total 2,176 4 5

The funds invested in the United States amount to
$7000, and those in Madras to Rs. 21,310.

®»{p l[nim JStmnjrfitdi jbmiij.

This society gives two-thirds of its income in each sta-
tion to the branch society of that station and is thus sup-
porting branch societies, each of which employs an evan-
gelist.

The other third of its income is devoted by the society
to aiding the weaker churches in the support of their pas-
tors. Eleven churches are thus aided in support of their
pastors. The society pays for the eleven churches Rs.
46-8-0 per month.

35

Samjfasion.

there has scarcely or never been a time when the pros-
pects for the American Madura Mission have been so
cheering as at the beginning or this year, 1892; we have
thirteen ordained missionaries on the field, one unordained
young man and four young ladies. Although the funds
for the work are not sufficient they are more than before
and allow the work to be carried on energetically.

We are cheered, too, by the fact that there are evidences
on all sides of the success of labors of past years. The
people, even the non-Christians, are becoming more thor-
oughly intelligent on the subject of Christianity, our Chris-
tian children are growing’ up morally and spiritually better
than their parents, and a higher grade of self-support is
year by year being reached among our churches.

In the last ten years while the general increase in popu-
lation in this Madras Presidency has been fifteen per
cent the increase among the Christians has been twenty-
three per cent and in the Madura Mission twenty-seven
per cent.

We feel that we and the friends of our mission have
much cause for encouragement.

APPENDIX.

JSxirads from JPastora7

5 !S2J

MADURA WEST CHURCH.

There are 258 Christians under my pastoral care of whom 142
are communicants. During the past year the church made a spe-
cial progress in spiritual matters. Peace and harmony prevailed,
divisions and troubles being removed. The early morning prayer-
meeting, Wednesday and Sabbath services, Sunday-schools and
mothers’ meetings have been kept up regularly. My daily pas-
toral visits in the congregation have won the affection of the peo-
ple. The people have grown more charitable than the previous
years and they have given cheerfully. In the beginning of the
year when I took charge of this pastorate there was a little
debt on the church and now I am happy to say that there is a
balance in the treasury ; thank-offerings have been given by the
members in the shape of wine for the Communion, globes, oil,
candles, &c., for the church. The church has not only support-
ed its pastor but has also given Rs. 20 towards the support of
a Bible woman in the villages. The women of this church
have given nearly Rs. 30 for the support of a Bible woman in
the town.

Hindu women have brought candles and coins and requested
me to offer prayers for their sick relatives. One Hindu woman
gave a rupee towards purchasing a Bible for the pulpit use.

During this year I have had opportunities of visiting Europe-
an travellers from different parts of the globe and have collected
from them nearly Rs. 200 for the support of this church of which
a generous donation of Rs. 50 was received from the Grand
Duke of Russia.

Besides my ordinary pastoral duties I have often visited the
railway station and distributed tracts and handbills to the pas-
sengers.

In the year under review wc have -Started a new society in
.connection with my church called “The King’s Sons.” This
society has the “Juvenile Association” as its branch for the time
being. Our object of starting this is to introduce a temperance
league and we are glad to report that seventeen young men have
signed the pledge.

During the close of this year we were visited by a serious out-
break of cholera and many of our promising Christians fell
•victims to its ravages.

May the Great Head of the Church bless my humble efforts
for the furtherance of God’s kingdom in this heathen land and
:to the ingathering of many souls into Ilis kingdom.

J. Rowland, Pastor.
DINDIGUL CHURCH.

The seriousness and the general awakening among the mem-
bers during the last seven months of the year, are mainly to be
attributed to the solemn rehearsal of the special topics dwelt upon?
at Kodaikanal by the several missionaries, on the various opera-
tions of the Holy Spirit. At the suggestion of Dr. Chester soon
after his return from the Hills, the manifold works of the Holy
Spirit, were dwelt upon, month after month, by the appointed
leaders in the monthly meetings of the helpers, to which, the
members of the Local Church were also invited.

The work carried on by several means — by direct preaching
■of the gospel, distribution of religious tracts, and hand-bills,
daily instruction imparted in boys’ and girls’ schools, and Sunday-
school and dispensary work as well as the work of the two
Bible women are all conducive to the wide diffusion of the gospel
light.

The Y. M. C. Association of this town besides ventilating seve-
ral useful subjects by writing essays and by free discussion, unani-
mously voted this year, to help by turns those who are conduct-
ing the street-preaching. Another encouraging feature of this
band of young men, is that some of them have so far won the
affection of several Hindu and Catholic young men as to bring
them to their meetings, to Sunday-school and services.

38

A learned Brahmin Munsif testified that he has no faith in
Hinduism and that he greatly admires the pure doctrines of Jesus
Christ, the chief of all Teachers. Several of the educated Hindus
can be found uow-a-days who bear similar testimony to the Chris-
tian religion. When I attended one of the meetings in the Hin-
du High School, among other speakers, one Brahmin teacher ex-
tolled the Founder of Christianity as the greatest teacher that
ever lived.

I must not now omit to mention the valuable assistance render-
ed in several ways by Gnanarathiuam catechist. Both of us have
devoted two days in the week to go to the surrounding villages
within a distance of four miles for evangelistic work.

J. Colton, Pastor ,

WESTERN PASTORATE, DINDIGUL.

It was God’s pleasure that the North Local Union gathered to-
gether on the 16th of July 1891 in the central place of this pas-
torate, Mengnanapuram, and dedicated the newly built church
and installed me as its pastor. In this pastorate there are church-
es in thirteen villages. As I have been looking after these
churches for the last ten years, I have been glad to visit them
often and do my Heavenly Master’s work among them. There
are seventeen new persons, who usually attend the prayer-meet-
ings, and learn the Bible. Four were received into the church
seven infants were baptized, five marriages solemnized, the Sa-
cred Communion was celebrated four times. Thank God that
many of the members are steadfast in their faith, zealous in their
religions life and they tell their relatives of Jesus’ dying love as
much as they know. They eagerly attend the Sunday services,
and learn the Bible lessons in Sunday-schools well; and they
have resolved to give their children in marriage, not to their
heathen friends but to their Christian relatives.

It will be pleasant to hear that two of the members read the
Bible in order, and get their difficulties explained, and some hold
regular prayers in their houses. The churches have contributed
Rs. 87 for the support of their pastor in the form of money as
well as in the form of grain though there has been a great
drought this year. I visited the congregations on the Adalur,

39

Periyur Hills, Kanakadu, Puliangalai and administered the Lord’s
Supper three times and preached the gospel in the surrounding
villages. I visited besides in itineracy, seventy villages with
my helpers, sold 87 Bible portions and tracts and distributed about
4,600 handbills. Thank God that many of the Hindus receive
me gladly and hear the good tidings.

May God bless these little flocks and me and our work that is
being done among the heathen villages.

A. Savarimuttu, Pastor.
MALLANKINARU.

The membership of the Mallankinaru Church has been in-
creased this year. The members are regular in coming to the
Sunday services and in giving contributions. All those who can
read show much diligence in studying the Bible and also in com-
ing to the schools. Two Hiudu youths 'were converted to Chris-
tianity in Mallankinaru, one of them is the son of the village
magistrate. These two are firm in religion without heeding the
troubles into which they are put by their relatives. Another boy
of 12 years (from a rich family) who reads in our school is
regular in attending the Sunday services. A few months ago a
Hindu woman of the above mentioned family was coming to my
house in order to learn to read secretly. She has a great wish
to learn to read the Bible. She knows something of Bible history
and can sing some lyrics. When it was known to her household
members she was beaten by one of them very brutally. From
the same family some girls and boys are reading now in our
school. Some Hindus make vows to the God of the Christians
in case of success in certain undertakings. Such people if they
succeed bring what they have vowed to the church on the first
of January.

Everywhere people hear God’s word without disputing. I hope
that the Lord will bless my work, in the churches and among the
heathen.

A. Perumal, Pastor.

40'

PASUMALAI CHURCH.

The past year while hundreds of our fellow-countrymen-
and some of them our own brethren and sisters were dying
around us from cholera we have all felt grateful to our Heavenly
Father for His great mercy in preserving us from this pestilence.
Thirteen young persons united with the church by profession of
faith in the Lord Jesus. There were instances of professing
Christians yielding to temptation, but the Spirit of the Lord
and the word of His grace triumphed over the enemy. Three
young men came out of Hinduism placing themselves under
Christian instruction. The congregation at Kilanery is doing
well with a prospect of increasing its number during the coming
year. The young men of the school as well as others here
have cheerfully contributed to various benevolent funds. The
women have usually met two days in the week under the care of
Mrs. Washburn to study the word of God and to pray and hear
the report of the Bible woman who is supported in part with
their contributions. The Y. M. 0. A. contributes towards the
support of the catechist at the village referred to above and it has
received the help and sympathy of the Christian teachers who
enrolling themselves as members contribute to the Association
fund. May the Lord grant us fresh help and mercies needful
for the coming year of grace, 1892.

A. Barnes, Pastor.

KOTTAIMEDU and ANDIPATTI
CHURCHES.

By the grace of our Saviour there are 104 persons in the con-
gregations of Ivottaimedu and 109 in that of Andipatti which
makes a total of 213 souls in both congregations which are under
my pastoral care.

I am bound in duty to give thanks to the Almighty father as
there was no death in my pastorate up to this time. However,
two Christians who are not in the congregation list have died in
course of the year. Four children were baptized in each of
these congregations and six united with the church. I have solemn-
ized seven marriages.

Sunday-schools are regularly conducted in every village.

41

The Christian’s with the pupils are studying Bible lessons,
lyrics, &c. In both congregations seventy-four children are
taught to read the Bible and sing the lyrics.

Two young Christian men in Kottaimedu and one Christian
Woman in Andipatti were removed from the church for bad char-
acter on the judgment of the church-members.

As regards my salary though if is a famine time yet I have
the pleasure to inform that 192 Rs. were given for the year by
the Christians.

€. Williams, Pastor.

KAMBAM CHURCH,

It is twenty years since I was ordained over the Kambam
Church and in looking back over this long period, it leaves an im-
pression on my mind to praise the Lord most heartily for his
fender mercies bestowed' upon me and for His enormous blessing
upon all parts of my work during the whole time. There
have been indeed many distresses and many causes of discourage-
ment, but thank God, He has “ caused the iron to swim and
made me see the stone taken away ” and I am yet as strong this
day as I was in the day that I took charge of this pastorate.
Our greatest calamity this year has been the drought and scarcity
of food by which my poor Christian community consisting mostly
of widows and coolies who earn their food daily, have been much
embarrassed, so that many of them were obliged to go to several
places, searching for various means of livelihood ; still we are not
discouraged, but have been continually and earnestly keeping up
the morning and evening prayer-meetings, Sunday services. Sab-
bath-schools, special prayer-meetings, &c. The Lord’s Supper
was administered at proper seasons and the general gatherings
were kept at fixed times. Of those who have been candidates
for admission to the church, two adults were added on profes-
sion of faith and two children baptized. The work among the
Hindus has been unusually encouraging this year. A woman came
and paid a thank-offering of four annas in the middle of our Sun-
day service in the church, stating that the Lord healed her of a
longstanding illness in answer to her prayers. An Ottah caste
woman who has been under our instruction, has after all, sent her

6

42

only daughter to the B'attalagundu Boarding School and an
Ottali caste man and a Mohammedan woman have been asking
me to send their sons to our boarding school at the first opportu-
nity. Ten families have embraced Christianity renouncing their
idols, and twenty-seven children have been born in the congrega-
tions.

Three communicants died very peacefully with faith in Christ,
and five communicants were suspended for their un-Christian con-
duct and some backsliding nominal Christians were expelled. I
made four long preaching tours on the Travancore Hills this year,
in which I was able to visit also my own Christians scattered in
nine different places. The hill people, although they remain in
dense ignorance and bigoted idolatry, still very willingly listen to
the preaching of the gospel. They have never had permanent
houses nor any longstanding village and it has been their custom
to dwell under trees and in caves and booths and sheds made of
reeds and leaves and to remove from place to place where they
can secure jungle honey, fruit, nuts, grain, greens, roots, &c.,
for subsistence. The eighteen families of these liill-tribes who
accepted Christianity three years ago, have now removed to three
different places and in order to visit them aud other such hill-
tribes I have had to travel in foot-paths through valleys and
jungles, the abodes of bison, elephants, leeches, &c.

I feel much indebted to the Peermaad gentlem n and their sub-
ordinates, for they always express real sympathy in our work and
have, some of them, contributed this year also towards our sup-
port. The Collector of the Cardamom Hills has kindly promised
to get me a piece of land for a church and compound in Kumlee.
There are three village-schools under my supervision, taught
as per the Government Result System. They are opened aud
elosed with prayer, aud Scripture readings.

S. Isaac, Pastor.

KOMBAI and KOVILAPURAM.

The state of the congregations, is better this year thau before,
increasing in piety aud regularity though not in number. Christ-
ians in these pastorates have given most liberally. Notwith-
standing the present time being a very serious one I am glad
to report that Kombai Christians have given about Rs. 120 in

43

money and materials for their large church building which is now
under construction.

Also a few poor people who newly accepted the religion at
Erasakkanayakanur have erected a new school building at their
own cost of about Rs. 20, with a little help from the mission.
Those of Uttamapalayam also have helped to the extent of
about Rs. 4 in repairing the mission helper’s house.

S. Nallathambi, Pastor .

BODINAYAKANUR CIIURCK.

The Lord’s work in this church and the villages close by it and
■on the Devikulam Hills has been done successfully. During the
year seven persons have been admitted to this church on profes-
sion of faith and nine children baptized.

We have had four communion seasons. Mr. S. Jacob, writer
on the hills, is doing the Lord’s work freely among the coolies,
conducting the Sunday services regularly for the people. He has
given 25 Rs. for his contribution and he helps me very earnestly
in my work.

A church has been built at Devikulam by the people under
A. W. Turner Esquire. It will be dedicated in the month of
January 1892. Another church-building has been begun at
Chittivarai Estate. It will be completed soon.

The Pallas at U.ppukottai have given Rs. 100 as a contribution.
A new school has been opened there with nearly forty boys.

On account of the want of rain for two or three years the
people are in want of food. The Lord has been with us and
■blessed us.

S. Vethamanikam, Pastor „
SEVALPATTI CHURCH.

In my pastorate there are 824 Christians giving in twenty-srx
villages, of whom 150 are communicants. ‘Owing to the failure
■of crops and the hard times consequent upon it some have been
irregular in attending Sabbath services. But many are growing

a

iu Christian graces and set a good example for the rest. This
encourages me in our Lord’s work.

I am very happy to say that eight joined the church on pro-
fession and other eight by letter. Four children have been bap-
tized and six marriages have been solemnized. Two members
have died.

There is a poor and lame widow in my village who reads the
'Bible daily and preaches the gospel to the Hindu women very
boldly and joyfully. She acts as a Bible woman in my village
without getting any aid from our mission. She sweeps my
church weekly and goes to non-Christian houses and brings them
to the Sabbath services. She is a good helper. May the Lord
bless this poor widow and her work.

S- Jacob was one of my co-laborers — a catechist and teacher
in Valampatti. He was an active and faithful worker. But he
died in his youth unexpectedly. His death is a very great loss
to myself and some other Christians. But his death was very
happy.

Owing to the failure of crops and hard times many of my
Christians failed to give to the pastor’s support. Some of therp
gave cheerfully for our Lord’s work. One brother who is at
Ceylon sent me Rs. 10. Some Hindu friends also gave donations.

I have conducted the itineracy in four places, eleven daysj
with a dozen helpers and preached the gospel in many villages.
Many Hindus listened well and bought tracts and received hand-
bills gladly. I am exceedingly glad to say that many Mohamme-
dan men came to us and enquired about Jesus. It was wondeiv
ful to me and gave me much encouragement. At Sayalgudy a
Hindu gives monthly Rs. 10, for a Christian teacher for teaching
his boys.

There are ten Sunday-schools jn my pastorate.

May God send more Christian workers to this part of the
great harvest field.

M. Thomas, Pastor.

ARUPUKOTTAI CHURCH.

The services and Sunday-schools have been attended saora

45

v regularly this year than the previous year. There are four Sun-'
.(day-schools in the town, of which two are for Christians and the
rest for non- Christians.

Three of the church-members real the Bible regularly and
try to do good to Others.

Some incidents in the lives of four of the deceased church-
jnembers are noteworthy. Before this church was organised,

. Santhayi, a woman .of 32, went, to West Karisakulam for the pro-
fession of her faith. In one month, her two sons died one after
the other and she followed them in the same mouth, to eternal
happiness.

Another, Marial, though she lived among the heathen, brought
,pp her only son in the light of Christ, and before her death,
she wished me to take care of him and make him a good
.Christian.

,The third was a young man of seventeen years. He was not
..only very disobedient to his parents but also an associate of
.good-for-uothing . lads of the town. ..One day, when he came to
.see me, I rebuked him for his wickedness. Even after that, I
was keenly watching him and found no change in him. All on
a sudden, he began to suffer from a severe sickness. It was
pitiful to look at him. Notwithstanding my admonition and
; his acute pain, he did not at all seem to give up abusing his
: parents. But new, his former follies, seemed to turn the scale.
His condition being very desperate, Miss Perkins visited him
.daily and earnestly prayed for him. Also I went to him at
times and showed him, his deviation from the path of Christ.
He understood what I said and wept bitterly for his past sins.
Though he was unable to speak yet with the utmost exertion,
fried to repeat the Lord’s Prayer. He was in this state for two
weeks when he died. His young neighbours 6how that they are
warned by his death.

Y. S. Taylor, Pastor.

BATTALAGUNDU CHURCH.

There are 279 Christians in eight villages of my pastorate of
(whom 110 are communicants. Of the twelve members that

46

Were received into the church on profession, four were from hea-
then families. One mau at Sinnakavandanpatti and fourteen
souls in four families at Athoor newly joined this year. A
pious Christian family at Athoor was the instrument of getting
fourteen souls more with them, and a prayer-house is built for
the new congregation containing twenty-six souls, and we have
a good hope to have a strong congregation there. Through the
endeavour of Mr. Jeffery our street-preaching on Sunday and
Friday nights in the town and its adjoining villages are regularly
held with magic lantern pictures ; the organ too is played on
these occasions. The teachers and boarding pupils are helping
in this matter. The hearers of the street-preaching are visited
by Mr. Jeffery and myself on other days of the week.

The death of Mrs. C. M. Chandler on the 2oth of September in
America, at home, has caused much grief to all the Christians in
the station.

Miss C. S. Bell who conducted the girls boarding school, and
the Bible women’s work was very helpful to my wrork. She
Visited the sick very kindly and was like a good mother to all
the children in the church. Her good example and her love
especially towards the Christians here and her unexpected sud-
den death by cholera on the 10th Dec. at Dindigul is a great loss
to the mission and to the Lord’s work here.

A. Pichaimuttu, Pastor.

silukkuvarpatti church.

During the past year two have been admitted to the church
by profession of faith and twenty-four persons have joined the
congregation. The Hindus are regularly coming to our church
and are under Christian instruction.

As it has been a famine season the thank-offerings have not
been very great. Two of the communicants have promised me
that they would give the cost of the wine and bread wThich are
used at our communion.

There are five schools under my supervision. Two of the
five schools have sixty pupils in each school. Two boys from
among the Romanists and two from the Hindus were sent to the

47

College at Pasumalai, and one of them has been baptized and ad-
mitted to the church there.

Many died of cholera in this village, but none among our
Christian community. May the Lord be praised for his mercy.

I. Savarimuttu.
PALANI CHURCH.

The Palani Church had* the happiness of admitting eleven
persons to the church, of whom ten persons were from heathen-
ism. The Lord’s Supper was administered nine times in differ-
ent places in the station. Twenty-three children were baptized.
Three communicants and nine other members of the congrega-
tions died of cholera. After I closed the annual accounts one
communicant died of cholera, in the congregation of Kiranur,
on the 13 th of December.

After closing the Sunday morning service, I had a meeting
with the young children of the PalaDi town congregation. A
Christian friend gave me Rs. 5 for the use of the children.
The same friend gave Rs. 1 5 for clothes and food for our poor
Christians.

On account of famine many Christians of the station are scat-
tered. Some of them have gone to Rangoon.

Two of my heathen friends are searching the Bible. One
from Agraram, two miles from Palani, often goes with me from
house to house advising the people to hear the word of God.

A. David, Pastor .

KODAIKANAL CHURCH.

The present membership of this church is 124 excluding the
temporary residents and visitors to this Sanitarium. The tem-
porary residents gladly receive from me the charity boxes and
contribute liberally. Some of the sleeping members of this
church are quickened and awakened by our occasional visitors who
kindly enter into work with me. Once some house-servants of
missionaries, followed me freely to an adjacent village for a
preaching tour. They began one by one, to preach the gospel

48

(news to the poor hill-villagers, showing to them, some beautiful”
Scripture pictures; and this was well appreciated and listened to-
by large numbers. Two Hindu families in Poolathur and three
separate persons in Kodaikanal were added to the list of our con-
gregation as the result of one of our itineracies. These two fami-
lies again and again untreated us to write their names in our
book, in which the names of Christians are written.

This year I have visited more hill-villages than before and
preached the gospel to a larger number of heathen, as I had a
catechist and an evangelist to go with me. Now one old respect-
able Hindu woman, who is an ayah to a lady here, is asking
us for baptism. Though I am glad and ready to baptize her now,
our mission .custom does not permit me to do so, for I have to
baptize her, only when she is voted, to be admitted to the church.
Last year I mentioned in my report about the proposed erection
-of a new Tamil Church building in Kodaikanal. But owing to
some inconveniences and accidents, the work was not commenced
(this year, but I hope it will be commenced early next year, if
(every thing goes well.

G. N. Pakianathan, Pastor.

49

JWumalat fnsfiftriicm* ©gating

THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY.

Rev. G. T. Washburn, D.D.,

,, Albert Barnes, M.A.

„ W. A. Buckingham.

NORMAL TRAINING SCHOOL.

Mr. S. Chinniah, R.A.

„ C. Minakshisundram Aiyar.
„ R. S. Ignatius.

COLLEGE AND HIGH SCHOOL.

Rev. G. T. Washburn, D.D.

H. H. Stutson, Esq., B.A.

Mr. S. Muthusami Aiyar, B.A.

„ Peter Isaac, B.A.

,, Y. W. Stephenson.

,, R. Sfvasambu Aiyar.

„ V. Santhiagu.

„ L. Sesha Shastri.

LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOL,

Mr. A. Samuel.

„ S. Moses.

„ A. Pakianadan...

„ M. Abraham.

GYMNASTIC TEACHERS.

Mr. I. David.

„ Paul Daniel.

„ G. David.

Mr. V. Ramanathan Aiyar, Writer.
PRIMARY PRACTISING SCHOOL.
1 Master and 1 Mistress.

7

50'

OBITUARY.

MISS C. S. BELL.

Miss Caroline- S. Bell, who died of virulent cholera, a»
Dindigul, December 10th, 1891, joined the Madura Mission
Get. 1887.

While studying Tamil she remained in Madura town,
but suffered not a little, her first year in this country,
from the effect of the climate. In June 1889, Miss Bell,
by vote of the mission, removed to Dindigul, where she
assisted Mrs. Chester in her school for girls, and regularly
visited the Dispensary and assisted in the medical work for
women and children. Her study and practice iu a Train-
ing School for Nurses in America, fitted her for this.

On Dr. and Mrs. Chester's visit to America, in January
1890, Miss Sell was put in charge of the Girls’ and Boys*
Boarding Schools, at Dindigul and continued to assist in
the Dispensary. On the return of Dr. and Mrs. Chester
to India, in June 1890, Miss Bell was transferred, by the
mission to Battalagundu, and given charge of the Girls’
Boarding School and the Hindu Girls’ School, which charge
she held till her death.

She was visiting Dindigul, shortly before her death, and
by a kind Providence, was able to be of the greatest ser-
vice, in caring for little Donald Perkins, who had been
brought to Dindigul on account of a severe attack of sick-
ness. She only ceased her care of him when too sick, her-
self, to leave her bed.

Miss Bell was a welcome guest in all our mission homes,
she was so cheerful and so helpful. She loved our mission
children, and they all loved her and she was always doing
something for them. Her invariable kindness was shown,
also, in her care of the Girls’ Boarding Schools at Dindigul

51

an-d Bahtalagundu. Her kind attention to the sick, among
the girls, her efforts to make them cheerful and happy,
the time she gave and earnest effort for their spiritual
good, greatly endeared to her the girls.

She loved and served her Heavenly Master, and died,
■doing His service. Though her mission life seemed short
yet it was a well filled one and the memory of it will ever
he very fragrant.

REV. A. H. BURNELL.

Rev. Alfred Hastings Burnell died in Nordhoff, Califor-
nia, U.S., Oct. 1891, at the early age of 39 years.

Mr. Burnell was born in Ceylon and spent the most of
his boyhood in Melur with his missionary parents who re-
moved there in 1855. He went to America in 1865 and
after completing his studies, returned to India with his wife
in 1882 and was stationed at Manamadura. Ill-health
compelled his return to America in 1886 and since then he
has lived mostly in California. Mr. Burnell Began the
beautiful church at Manamadura and has from time to time
secured and sent considerable sums of money towards its
completion, and though undergoing an enforced absence
from India his heart was here and he continued to the last
to take the deepest interest in his station and district and
particularly in the chux’ch which is a monument to his self-
sacrifice and intex-est in his work. He has repeatedly ap-
plied to be returned to his old field of labor : but at no time
did his health warrant such a step. He was a most con-
scientious missionary, had gained an excellent knowledge
of Tamil and spent himself heartily in his work.

MRS.. J. E. CHANDLER,

The death of Mrs. J. E. Chandler occurred at Auburn-
dale, Mass., U. S, Friday, September 25th, 1892.

Mrs. Chandler was born in Le Roy, New York, Novem-
ber 16tk, 1821, and was therefore nearly 70 years old at
the time of her death. Mr. and Mrs. Chandler came to
India in April 1847, and were actively engaged in mission
work for 42 years. They returned to America in 1889,
hoping after a period of rest to return again to their work,
but were prevented in carrying out their wishes by the ill-
ness of Mrs. Chandler, which was of such a nature as to
leave no hope of her recovery. For some years she has
been a great sufferer, and at one time nearly two years
ago, was near to death but was mercifully raised up again
to a moderate degree of health. She was a woman of
great energy and earnest purpose.

Her work in the orphanage for famine children, begun
in Palani and transferred to Battalagundu and carried on
with untiring faithfulness for nearly a dozen years will
long be remembered. A number of these orphan girls are
now wives of catechists and teachers in various parts of
the district.

Mrs. Chandler was the first to begin work for Hindu
women in the houses in Madura, and always took a deep
interest in the advancement of native women, both Chris-
tians and Hindus.

REV. JAMES HERRICK.

Rev. James Herrick died at Brattleborougb, Vt.3 U.S.,
November 30th, 1891, aged 77 years.

Mr. Herrick graduated from Williams College in 1841
and finished his course in theology in 1845. He embarked
in November of the same year and joined the Madura
Mission in April 1846. He was stationed at Tirumangalam.
and continued in charge of that district through all the
years he was in India though he was placed in charge of
Pasumalai od three different occasions when the mission-
aries at that station were obliged to return to the U. S.,

and thus superintended the Seminary for a period of eight
years and for four years more lie was in charge of the
Mandapasalai district. In the long course of his missionary
life of 37 years he visited the United States but once
when he was absent from India not quite three years.

Under his judicious, faithful Christian work and exam-
ple the little Christian community of 50 families in four
congregations, which he found in the district had grown
to over 1,300 souls in 57 villages when he left in 1883.

His friendly manner drew every body. He loved to sing
with the school children ; he loved to travel the distance
between his village congregations on horse back that he
might converse on religious matters with the country peo-
ple he fell in with by the way. 37 years of traversing his
district made him well known to all, over its entire area.
And wherever he was known he was loved and respected,
and his friendly offices were sought by Hindus as well as
Christians. He loved also to lead his native helpers in
their tent work among the villages where he could share a
simple life with them, rising at dawn or before it, to begin
the work of the day, with a gathering for united prayer
for the divine blessing on what they were about to do,
when he would again gather them around him at the mid-
day hour for conversation about their work and about some
scriptural subject, and could again accompany them in
their evening work, and take a full share in all the toil.
He loved it because this kind of life brought him most
^thoroughly into contact with the people whom he wished
to influence, and every native within his district he felt to
be his parishioner. Few missionaries after so long a life
in a mission field have left it more loved by his fellow
missionaries and the people of his district, more respected
dor his prudence, his practical wisdom, and his kindly in.
terest in all their spiritual welfare than Mr. Herrick.

He left the mission in 1383 uncertain whether he would
be able to return. He came later to regard it as a mis-
take that he did not avail himself of an earlier vacation in

a cooler climate which he might have taken and thus have
added some years more to his missionary activity. He has
not, however, been altogether laid aside from work for the
past eight year* ; but he would have gladly spent a part of
that period in India had it been possible.

REV. HENRY CHERRY.

Died at Pompey, New York, U.S., Sept. 20th, 1891, at the
advanced age of 83 years and five months. Mr. and Mrs-
Cherry came to Madura as missionaries of the American
Board with six other missionaries and their wives, viz.,
Rev. Edward and Mrs. Cope, Rev. N. M. and Mrs. Crane,
Rev. C. F. and Mrs. Muzzy, Rev. F. D. W. and Mrs. Ward,
Rev. W. and Mrs. Tracy and Dr. and Mrs. Steele, in
1837, 54 years ago, and three years after the establishment
of the Madura Mission. Mr. Cherry went to America on
account of ill-health in 1849 and did not return to India
again. He lived for some time at Sivaganga, and after-
wards in Madura, where he had charge of the English
School. Before entering the ministry he began to learn
the profession of civil engineer and architect and he found
use for his talent in that direction on the mission field. The
church at Pasuraalai was designed by him and the East
Gate Church Madura, was both designed and built by him,
and he had to do with the erection of other buildings in the
district. In America he was Pastor of churches in St.
Joseph, Dowgiac and Owosso, Mich., and Chaplain of the
10th Michigan Cavalry Regiment during the American
Civil War.

Statistics of Congregations.

Amount Raised by
Congregations.

•tvxox

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•:

Name op
Station.

Madura

Dindigul

Tirumangalam

Tirupuvanam..

Pasumalei

Periakulam ...
Mandapasalei
Battalagundu .

Melur

Palani

Manamadura ..
Kodikanal ....

Total...

No. II. — Statistics of Churches.

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No. III. — Statistics of Evangelistic Worh.

. — _ —

Book Distribution.

Total

OF

Receipts.

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Amount

realised

for

Tracts

and

Books.

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Amount

realised

for

Scriptures

and

portions.

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Tt

Work of

EVANGELISTS

for Hindus.

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Battalagundu

Melur

Palani

Manamadura...
Kodikanal

Total...

8

No. IV.

Statistics of Educational Work.

Fees from
all

Schools.
Es. A. r.

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Hindu

Girls

Schools.

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Village & Station Primary Schools.

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1 -x

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H .NHH CN r— i r— ( I-X r-t

40

Station Boarding Schools.

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t'- CO

o o

* CO
. O

00

53

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: cn : : ;

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: cn

n

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. : cn

CN CN

; "

Pasumalai Inst., Mad-
dra GirlsNoii. Sch. High
and Middle Schools.

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CO • O . .

t'- . t'- • • CO

CO »-l • • CO

1 907

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1

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1

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21

11

18

1

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Name op
Station.

Madura

Fern. Nor. School

Dindigul

Tirumangalam...
Tirupuvanam ...

Pasumalei

Periakulam

Matidapasalci ...

Battalagundu 1

MMiir 1

Palani

M anAmadura ....
Kodikanal

Total . . .

rmatums.

The following donations, received by those under
whose names they are severally specified,
are thankfully acknowledged.

Rev. J. S. Chandler.

For Bowdoin School, Battalagundu.

Mrs. M. P. F. Barrows and Mrs. S. C. F. Ham-
mond, through Prof. H. Johnson, Bowdoin Col-
lege $ 50 00

For Evangelist.

Young Ladies Missionary Society, New England

Conservatory of Music, Boston

... $

60

00

For Educational Work.

Young Men's Club, Woburn, Mass.

... $

60

00

Sabbath School, St., Cloud, Minn.

45

00

Mrs. S. B. Capron, Chicago, 111.

25

00

W. B. M. Auxiliary, Winter Park, Fla.

25

00

Worthfield Seminary, Worthfield, Mass.

25

00

Miss M. Sherman, Hampton, Ya.

20

00

Mrs. Hilles, Baltimore, Md.

20

00

Light Bearers, Haydenville, Mass.

20

00

Madura Band, Wakefield, Ivan.

14

30

Miss Evelyn Hall, Worthfield, Mass.

13

00

For General Work.

Friends, through Rev. J. E. Chandler

30

00

Friends in Auburndale

22

00

Earnest Workers, East Douglass, Mass.

15

00

J. C. Dickey, Esq., Oxford, Penn.

20

00

Rev. J. E. Vanes, Bangalore

10

0 0

C. C. Bragdon, Esq., Auburndale, Mass.

4

o a

60

Rev. H. C. Hazen.

'Mrs. Capron for Manamadura New Church
Mrs. Jennie Hurd do. do.

Mr. A. L. Salsbury do. do.

Mrs. Mary E. Richardson do. do.

Friends in Holly, N. Y. do. do.

Mrs. Whitimore for Pasumalai Student
Holly Sunday School do.

Dedham, Mass. Sunday School do.

U. S. C. E. by S. Alice Mayo do.

A “Friend” for Bible Women

Willing workers, Bath, Me. do.

University Park Mission ... l do

Missionary Club, Washington D.C. )

E. H. Cook for Village Catechist ...

Mr. M. Srinivasa Row for School Prizes ...

.Mr. Atega Chettiar for Village Catechist ...

$ 25 00
20 00
25 00
29 00

14 50
25 00
20 00
20 00

15 00
61 50
27 00

8 50

33 34
Rs. 10 0

0

0

Rev. Edward P. Holton.

Mr. J. D. Gregory, wife and daughter, Princeton,

Mass., for Sciopticou and slides $ 50 00

Woman’s Missionary Society, Hancock, Mich., for

Sciopticon and slides 15 00

Y. P. S. C. E., Littleton, N. H., for work 40 00

Miss Bertha VanSlirader, Florence, Italy, for work 10 00

Miss II. A. Houston.

Dorchester Missionary Society ... ... ... $41 50

Mrs. Little, Burlington, Iowa ... ... ... 30 50

Rev. F. E. Jeffery.

»G. A. Harrington, Esq., Pawnee City, Neb. ... $ 20 00

Miss B. B. Notes.

Rs. a. p.

Mrs. F. H. Owen ... ... ... $ 25 00) „

Mrs. H. M. Singer ... ... ... 25 00 ) (

Dallas Church and S.Sv Dallas, Texas ... 30 00 76 15 .2

Cl

;Kev. J. T. ;Noyes.

For Education.

as Tyler Mission,” Newburyport, Mass., U.S.A,
Miss Emma Buck, Orland, Me., do.

Cong. Sunday School, Windham, Conn., do.

Do. Walnut Hills, do.

Rs. A. F„.
69 9 O'
27 6 0
47 8 0
71 4 5

For Kodaihanal Native Church Building.

Rev. J. C. Perkins not reported in 1890

20

0

0

Rev. G. T. Washburn, D.D. do. do.

...

50

0

0

B. Samuel do. do.

. •

7

0

0

Sampson Butler do. do.

...

5

0

0

Mrs. S. W. Howland, 2nd Donation

...

10

0

0

.Judge Weld, M.C.S

...

10

0

c

Do. Farmer, do.

...

10

0

0

Do. Weir, do.

...

10

0

0

'■Collector Kough

...

10

0

0

Dr. Chester 10, Miss Kistler 5, Rev. Goudy 2

17

0

0

Rev. Adams 2, A Friend 3, Rev. E. P. Rice 5

...

10

0

0

Rev. C. H. Richards 5, Rt. Rev. Bishop Hodges

1©

15

0

0

Mr, Matthews 5, Miss Bassie 5, Dr. MePhail 5

...

15

0

0

Rev. J. Malim, Tuticorin College ...

...

15

0

0

Miss Falconer 5, Miss Hutcheon 5, Rev. J. Russel

10

...

20

0

0

Rev. Louis R. Scudder, M.D.

20

0

0

Convention Collection

...

33

3

0

Rev. Edward Webb, Oxford, Pa., U.S.A. $ 50 00

143

5

7

A Friend in Springfield, Mass., do. 50

00

144

2

5

H. B. Mactaggart, Esq.

....

25

0

0

Rev. J. Colville Peattie

-•

5

0

0

Rev. -J. C. Perkins.

1st Congregational Church, Fall River

138

0

0

Rev. C. A. White, ‘Arthur’s’ gift

168

0

0

Tolman Missionary Band, Mill’s College, California

56

0

0

Wm, P. Hardy, Oakland, Cal.

71

0

0

02

Rs.

A.

r.

Mr. R. S. Milton, Mass

142

0

0

Faitn Church Mission Band, Baltimore

122

0

0

The Valley Church, Orange, N. J.

165

0

0

Deacon Jennings, Clinton Av. Cong. Church, Brook-

lyn

192

0

0

3rd Cong. Church, San Francisco

139

0

0

Mrs. E. Nicholo, do.

56

0

0

Mrs. Ekley, do.

40

0

0

Mrs. Smith

40

0

0

Rev. G. H. Pratt, Saundersville, Mass.

82

0

0

Crowel Y. P. S. E., Haverhill, Mass.

125

0

0

Mrs. W. R. and C. W. Hill, Wilkinsonville, Mass.

275

0

0

Mission Society, East Windsor, Conu.

40

0

0

Miss D. T. M. Root.

By donation through Mrs. Capron ...

$ 25

00

Mission Circle, Arlington, Mass. ...

69

50

Rev. Frank Van Allen, M.D.

Rs.

A.

p»

Congregational Church, Ravenswood, Chicago

172

13

8

Congregational Church, Moravia, N.Y., through

Rev. H. L. Bailey

24

15

12

Congregational Church, Randolph, N.Y., through

Rev. Robert Humphrey ...

28

1

7

Capt. E. 0. Hills, Chicago ...

27

13

0

E. S. Swift, Esq., New Haven, Conn.

14

3

0

Mr. S. Ivrishnama Chariar ...

120

0

G

Mr. M. Strinivasa Row

25

0

0

Mr. S. Gopala Chariar

45

0

0

J. H. K. Watson, Esq.

50

0

0

James Hannen, Esq.

20

0

0

F. Harvey, Esq.

60

0

0

Mrs. M. I. Leech

20

0

0

Mrs. Mabel Aplin

50

0

0

J. S. Rankin, Esq. ...

15

0

0

Rev. T. Walker

20

0

0

G3

Rs.

A.

p.

T. D. Enright, Esq....

30

0

0

G. N. Alston, Esq. ...

15

0

0

George Thompson, Esq.

40

0

0

J. H. Alston, Esq. ...

100

0

0

Mr. M. Narasimma Chariar...

23

0

0

Mr. M. Alagiriswamy Naidu Garu...

20

0

0

Zemindar of Perayur

50

0

0

H. B, Mactaggart, Esq.

220

0

0

S. M. Frazer, Esq. ...

25

0

0

Robert Fischer, Esq.

50

0

0

Rev. G. T. Washburn, D.D.

Mrs. Whitman, DesMoines, la., U.

S. A. ..

... $30

00

Little Workers, Talladega, Alabama,

do.

5

00

Mrs. Jenkins, Kilbourne City, Wis.,

do.

50

00

Rev. F. D. Sargent, Putnam, Ct.,

do.

15

00

"riends in Conn.,

do.

15

00

Rev. J. B. Devins, New York,

do.

25

00

Springfield Church,

do.

Rs. 178

0

0

Rev. E. P. Tliwing, M.D., Brooklyn,

do.

„ 430

0

0

Up and Ready boys, Montreal, Canada

... £ 6

2

6

•

-V

Items from tljc Statistical Cables*

Population of Mission District ... 2,103,000

Ordained missionaries on the field 8

Missionary ladies, married and single ...... 13

Stations 12

Ordained native agents 19

Villages containing Christians , 419

Adherents 13,607

Fersous able to read 4,342

Average attendance at Sabbath services 8,690

Sabbath schools 182

Average attendance at do. 5,222

Communicants 3,707

Additions on profession ...... — .. 157

Total additions 396

Contributions ...... Ks. 8,458

Bible women 43

Persons under instruction by do ...... 1,947

Hearers addressed by evangelists 72,158

Do. do. on itineracies 188,476

Bibles and Testaments sold and given ...... 547

Scripture portions do, 3,796

Schools of all grades 169

Teachers 294

Pupils 5,610

Fees ...... Rs. 10,251-8-0

330 0-0 3 Cjfr 3 ^ 3 £^03 3»3,3^3^Q3£w5 3^3®CIy0vS<?<^<3'&'? 4

.if

fost Office gtifttm of tbc Pji|toi\arics.

OO^C

ReV. J. S. Chandler
Mes. J. S Chandler'

Rev. E. Chester, M.D,

Mrs. E. Chester

Rev. W. P. El wood-
Mrs- W. P. Elwood

Rev. H. C. Hazen
Mrs. H. C. Hazen

Rev. E. P, Holton

Rev. F. E. Jeffery
Mrs-. F. E. Jeffery

Rev. J. P. Jones
Mrs. J. P. Jones

Rev. J. T. Noyes
Mrs. J. T. Noyes

Miss B. B. Noyes

Rev. J. C. Perkins
Mrs. J. C. Perkins
Miss M. R. Perkins

Miss M. M. Root
Mfss D. T. M. Root

a. H. Stutson, Esq1.

Rev. J. E. Tracy
Mrs. J. E. Tracy

ReV. F. Van AlleN, M.D.
Mrs. F. Van Allen

j Madura.

^ Diudigul.

^ Puluev.

j- Manamadura.
Melur.

^ Battalagundu.

^ Pasumalai.

^ Kodaikanal.
Madura.

Arupukottai.

Madura.

Pasumalai.

^ Periakulam.

1

Mad

ura.

ReV. G. T. Washburn, D.D. ^ , .

Mns a T WA,TTm-PV j Pasumalai.

Mrs. G. T. Washburn
Rev. G. W. Weight

Rev. J. E. Chandler ^

Miss G. A. Chandler
Miss H. A. Houston }>

Miss M. P. Root, M.D.

Miss E. M. Swift J

Tiruraan"alam.

On furlough in

America.

iQZi.ZLZ e^J &Z gyr £.r £» c,c g-.-r gg ^vr :

■TT- ^ ) f^gi

(

!