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EIGHTH ANNUAL REPORT
BOSTON WATER BOARD
Xr
FOR THE
TEAR ENDING APRIL 30, 1884.
BOSTON:
ROCKWELL AND CHURCHILL, CITY PRINTERS,
No. 39 ARCH STREET.
1884.
/
[DoouMEJ^T 123 — 1884.]
CITY OF i^i^J BOSTON.
EIGHTH ANNUAL EEPORT
BOSTON WATER BOARD,
FOR THE YEAR ENDING APRIL 30, 1884.
Office of Boston Water Board,
May 1, 1884.
To the City Council of the City of Boston: —
The Boston Water Board herewith respectfully submits its
eighth annual report, together with the reports of the Engi-
neer of the Board, the Water Registrars, Clerk of the Board,
and the Superintendents of the several divisions.
These various reports present a complete and detailed
history of the business of the department during the year
ending April 30, 1884, and the Board invites a careful
perusal of their contents, in order that the members of the
City Council may be fully informed of the progress and
present condition of the work entrusted to its charge.
The Board assumed its duties at the beo-inninof of the
present financial year. It has made two elaborate reports
to your honorable body, under date of September 6 and
December 6, 1883, respectively, in which the policy of the
Board, and what had been accomplished up to the respective
dates, were fully laid before you.
We do not deem it necessary to repeat at this time the
facts and information contained in these reports ; but, as they
2 City Document No. 123.
present succinctly and clearly a large part of our labors for
the year, we desire to recall them to your special attention,
and to suggest that tliey be considered in connection with,
and as a part of, the annual report.
The Board has endeavored to accomplish during the year
the following important results in connection with the ad-
ministration of the afl'airs of the Water Department : —
1. To establish a systematic and economic conduct of the
public business.
2. To adopt the best measures for the prevention of the
enormous waste of water by consumers.
3. To stop the pollution of our sources of supply, and to
improve the quality of the water.
The Peesent Condition of the Service.
Every branch of the service in the Water Department has
been carefully examined by the Board, and we believe that
the various divisions are being managed economically and
efficiently ; that no persons are employed whose services are
not needed, and who are not rendering efficient service to
the city, and that the whole business is being conducted
upon business principles.
Two new divisions have been organized during the year,
viz. : The Meter Division, with Mr. Hiram Cutts, formerly
Superintendent of the Mystic Department, as Superintendent,
and the Inspection and Waste Division, with Mr. D. B.
Cashman as Superintendent.
The work accomplished by these new divisions has been
of great importance and benefit to the City, and your par-
ticular attention is invited to this work as set forth in the
special reports of September 6 and December 6, 1883, and
to the first annual reports of the Superintendents, herewith
appended.
We made an earnest request of the Water Committee, sev-
seral months since, to examine our books, contracts, and
general administration of afl'airs ; and, in conformity to this
request, a sub-committee was appointed and the examination
is being made. We presume a report will be rendered in
due course of business.
Prevention of Waste.
The present Board, early in its organization, realized that
the prevention of waste was one of the most important and
difficult problems with which all large water-consuming com-
munities are obliged to contend. It is practically conceded
Eeport of the Water Boaed. 3
by all experienced observers that at least 40 per cent, of the
water supplied to large towns and cities is wilfully wasted.
The great majority of people seem to be possessed of the
idea that water is, or should be, supplied as free as air, and
hence all idea of economy in connection with its use seems to
be banished.
Eestrictive measures have seldom been applied in our
country ; and the natural result is, that everybody has become
extravagant and wasteful.
We stated, in our report of September last, that the enor-
mous wastage constantly taking place had been brought to
the attention of the City Council every year since 1852, but
that practically nothing had been done to remedy it. The
Joint Standing Committee on Water, in their report of April
30, 1883, very strenuously urged that immediate measures
should be taken to stop this waste and reduce our excessive
consumption. We believed that the consumption should be
reduced in Boston from 95 to at least 60 gallons ])er
capita, and that if this could be done a very large amount
of money would be saved to the tax-payers of the city. This
was the opinion of the Joint Standing Committee on Water,
of our predecessors in office, of the Engineer of the Board ; in
fact of everybody who had given the matter close attention.
We accordingly organized early in July, 1883, the Division
of Inspection and Waste. The work accomplished by this
division last year was of very great importance to the city ;
indeed, without it we should have been compelled to cut off
the supply, during a part of the severe drought of last year,
from a considerable number of our citizens. The tabulated
results of the labor of this division appear in our reports of
September and December last, and in the appended report
of Superintendent Cashman. This report is one of the most
interesting and suggestive ever presented to the City Council
upon the question of water waste. It confirms the cor-
rectness of the judgment and policy of the Board, and shows
conclusively that continuous systematic inspection is an essen-
tial element in the prevention of the wanton waste now so
prevalent in all large communities. Under this effective
inspection the premises and fixtures of every water-tiiker in
the city have been visited several times during the year, the
leakages stopped, the defective pipes and apparatus repaired,
and the people for the first time taught to respect and obey
the city ordinances with reference to the prevention of waste.
We earnestly recommend the report of Superintendent Cash-
man, and the observations of the Engineer of the Board upon
this subject, to the careful consideration of the City Council.
During a part of the present year, since the date of Mr.
4 City Document No. 123.
Cashman's report, the Deacon system of waste detection has
been in operation in conjunction with the house-to-house
inspection, and up to the present writing, September 1, the
results liave been very satisfactory.
The following tables show the daily aggregate and per
capita consumption in the Cochituate and Mystic Departments
for the first eight months of 1884 in comparison with the
corresponding months of 1883, this period being covered by
the present system of inspection ; and also a statement of the
average daily consumption for several months prior to the
beginning of the work of inspection.
SUDBUET AND CoCHITUATE WOEKS.
January . .
February .
March . . .
April . . ,
May . . . ,
June . .
July . . . ,
August . .
September
October .
November
December
1883.
Daily Av-
erage Con-
sumption.
Gallons
per Head,
per Day.
32,151,100
92.9
34,662,300
102.2
32,656,300
94.1
30,827,000
88.6
28,738,000
82.3
33,178,400
94.8
30,992,600
88.5
34,149,300
97.3
31,691,600
90.0
31,563,800
89.4
31,138,700
88.7
32,352,300
91.4
1883.
Daily Av-
erage Con-
sumption.
34,715,500
32,690,700
34,110,700
30,617,600
32,169,500
33,419,200
36,774,000
37,141,000
33,645,600
29,575,800
28,839,300
30,174,200
Gallons
per Head,
per Day.
97.8
92.0
95.8
85.8
89.8
93.3
102.4
103.2
93.2
81.9
79.6
83.0
1884.
Daily Av-
erage Con-
sumption.
32,162,300
24,598,000
23,711,900
21,505,700
23,708,500
26,184,600
25,409,000
25,065,200
Gallons
per Head,
per Day.
88.4
67.5
65.0
58.8
64.6
71.2
68.9
67.7
Keport of the Water Board.
Mystic Works.
January .
February .
March . .
April . .
May . .
June . .
July . .
August .
September
October
November
December
1883.
Daily Average
Consumption.
8,369,600
7,714,650
7,737,300
6,171,150
6,319,100
6,912,550
7,307,550
7,261,500
5,846,300
5,497,250
5,930,600
6,771,500
Gallons per
Head, per
Day.
97.3
89.6
89.8
71.5
73.1
80.0
84.5
83.9
67.4
63.4
68.3
77.9
1884.
Daily Average
Consumption.
8,019,100
6,349,500
6,337,100
5,242,100
5,800,000
6,245,600
6,312,300
6,088,400
Gallons per
Head, per
Day.
92.2
72.9
72.7
60.1
66.4
71.5
72.1
69.5
These tables show the daily average consumption in the
Cochituate supply from January 1, 1883, to September, 1883,
to have been ..... 33,954,775 galls.
And for the corresponding period of
the present year, under the inspection sys-
tem 25,293,150 "
A net daily average' reduction of
or about 26 per cent, saving.
In the Mystic Department, for the same
period in 1883, the average daily con-
sumption was . . . 7,224,175
And for the corresponding
period in 1884 . . \ 6,299,262
8,661,625
A net daily average reduction of 13 per
cent., or ..... .
924,913
Making a total average daily reduction, 9,586,538 "
It is computed that the actual cost to the city for each 100
gallons of water furnished is about I^^q cents, and upon
this basis the reduction in consumption represents, in round
6 City Document No. 123.
numbers, the sum of $1,200 per day during the first eight
months of 1884. Again, it will be observed that in the
months of July and August, which may properly be cited at
this writing, the Deacon system being in full operation, the
consumption was reduced 34 and 36 gallons per head, each
day, for those months respectively.
It may be interesting to make a single comparison between
the consumption of 1882 and 1883, when no special efibrts
were in progress to economize the supply.
The daily average consumption in the Cochituate supply
from January 1, 1882, to September of the
same year, was 32,116,288 galls.
And for the corresponding period in
1883, it was 33,920,422
Making an increased daily average con-
sumption of . . . . . . 1,804,134
In the Mystic supply the daily average
consumption for the year 1882 was . 6,574,400
The daily average for the first eight
months of 1883 [being the non-inspection
period] was 7,224,175
A net daily average increase of . . 649,775
And the net daily average increase of
1882 over 1881 was .... 330,300
The daily average consumption in the
Mystic for the first eight months of 1883
[the non-inspection period] was . . 7,224,175
And for the last four months after in-
spection began ..... 6,011,412
A daily average reduction of . . 1,212,763
The average consumption per head per
day for the year 1882 [discarding frac-
tions] was ....... 89
And for the non-inspection period of
1883, eight months, from January to Sep-
tember, it was ..... 921
For the corresponding period of 1884, 69
Showing a net average reduction of 20 gallons per head in
1884 over 1882 and 23^ gallons over 1883.
It is also a matter of note that the large decrease in con-
sumption materially lessens the cost of pumping, the saving
in coal at the Highland pumping-station alone being 35 per
cent, for the first eight months of 1884 over the corresponding
period of last year.
Eepoet of the Water Board. 7
These figures and the results accomplished by the Inspec-
tion and Waste Division demonstrate beyond question the
wisdom, as well as the paramount necessity, for the adoption
of measures to check permanently the prodigal waste which
prevails. Unless some radical system be adopted, which
will keep the consumption down to 60 gallons or less per
capita, the tax-payers of Boston will be compelled, at a very
early day, to expend several hundred thousand dollars in the
erection of additional reservoirs, and several millions of
dollars in obtaining a new source of supply.
The city of Providence, with relatively the same industrial
interests and class of people as our own community, keeps
her consumption down to about 36 gallons per head per day.
That of Boston for July, 1883, was 102 gallons per head
each day, and in July of the present year, under the inspec-
tion system, 69 gallons per head. It will be observed that,
even with this great reduction of the present year, we are
still using nearly 100 per cent, greater amount of waterier
capita, than our more prudent neighbor.
In Providence, however, it should be said that more than
50 per cent, of her consumers are supplied by the meter or
measurement system, while with us scarcely 10 per cent, are
supplied by this method ; and that Providence is, perhaps,
the only city in the United States which has undertaken to
manage its water interests with the same reference to busi-
ness principles that prevails among business men everywhere.
We predict that all the large towns and cities will be com-
pelled to follow her example in the near future.
In connection with the house-to-house inspection system,
and as a natural and necessary supplement thereto, the Board
adopted the policy recommended in its December report (see
page 50), and which was substantially as follows : —
1st. To put recording meters on all manufactories, breweries, stores,
business establishments, hotels, tenement-houses, and all other places
where a large quantity of water is used, or where waste prevails.
2d. To establish Deacon waste-detectors in the residential portions
of the territory supplied with water, making specific districts, and doing
the work in conjunction with the house-to-house inspection.
3d. To begin the putting in of sidewalk stopcocks at once, adopting
the Church stopcocks as the best complement to the Deacon, if the fur-
ther trials continue to prove its excellence.
Keference to the reports of Water Registrars Davis and
Caldwell, and Superintendent Cutts, will show that recording
meters have been applied in accordance with this original
plan. The meters used have been largely those of the
Tremont pattern, and have been furnished under the condi-
tions of the bond of the company, as set forth upon page 28
8 City Document No. 123.
of the September report. They have been dehvered as fast
as the city could use them, and have proven generally satis-
factory, both with reference to workmanship and accuracy ;
and we have no occasion to find fault with the manner in
which the company has met all our requirements, and dis-
charged its bonded obligations to the department.
The Deacon system of waste-detectors is at this writing
(September 1) fully applied to the Cochituate Department.
It will be remembered that this system was thoroughly tested
in the Mystic Department, in 1882, by Assistant Engineer Dex-
ter Brackett, and was most heartily approved and recommended
by Mr. Henry M. Wightmau, the Engineer of the Board,
and Alderman Greenough, the chairman of the Water
Committee, before the present Water Board was appointed.
To these gentlemen, therefore, should be given in large
part the credit of introducing this very efficient system
into Boston, the first city in the United States to adopt
it. We now have some 75 of the Deacon detectors in opera-
tion, and the work being done by them is of a very satisfac-
tory character.
The Board was directed by the City Council, on the 19th
of December, 1882, to make an examination of the merits of
the Church stopcock. In accordance with this instruction
a very elaborate and thorough series of tests were made last
year, under the supervision of Assistant Engineer Dexter
Brackett, and a full report of the same appeared in the report
of December 6, 1883, page 40. Since that time Mr. Henry
M. Wightman, Engineer of the Board, has made various ex-
periments with this stopcock, and several important changes
have been made in it as the result of his suggestions. The
inventor, Chief Engineer B. S. Church, of the New York
Aqueduct Commission, has also made a very valuable addi-
tion to the instrument, by means of which the particular floor
upon which the water may be leaking or running is indicated
on the dial attached to the stopcock in the sidewalk.
The Board has been conducting tests and experiments Avith
this invention for more than 12 months, and is satisfied
that it is altogether the best stopcock, for general pur-
poses and waste-water detection combined, ever invented.
No city or town having a water supply should be without a
complete system of sidewalk stopcocks. Every service ap-
plied in Boston for the past few years has been accompanied
by such a stopcock. The failure of our water authorities to
apply them originally was a grave mistake, and one which
no other large community save New York has committed.
The plan of the Board, following the recommendation of the
Engineer, is to gradually apply these instruments until the
Eepoet of the Water Board. 9
city has its full complement. At this writing (September 1),
the Church stopcock has been adopted by the Board, and
5,000 of them have been ordered. It is not the intention of
the Board to ask for additional appropriations to extend this
system, but to endeavor thus to extend it from the annual
appropriations. The necessity of the early application of
sidewalk stopcocks was presented in our report of Do-
ber (page 48), and has frequently been urged by Engineer
Wightman.
Bell Waterphone.
We have also made extensive experiments with the Bell
waterphone, which has been used very successfully in Cin-
cinati and Philadelphia, and is about to be introduced in New
York. Our experiments, however, were not successful, for
the reason that, in the absence of sidewalk stopcocks, wires
were used to connect the waterphone with the service-pipe,
and the results were unsatisfactory. We contemplate giving
this system another trial, at an early day, in the Mystic De-
partment, where sidewalk stopcocks exist, and where the
same conditions will obtain as in other cities in which it has
met with success.
In this connection it may be well for us to cite the expe-
rience of other cities with reference to this waste problem,
for the purpose of showing that other communities are
engaged in the same work as ourselves, and are meeting
with the same difficulties.
Commissioner Campbell, of the New York Board of Public
Works, in his report of 1879, says : —
It is well known that great waste takes place in private dwellings
from defective plumbing and neglect to close faucets at night. In the
winter season water is often purposely lelt running at night to prevent
freezing in the pipes. From observations made it was found that water
was being wasted in several houses at the rate of from 10 to 60 gallons
an hour, the average waste at 14 houses examined being at the rate of
about 17 gallons per hour. A liberal and even abundant supply of
water should be furnished by cities for domestic consumption, but
waste from negligence and inferior and unprotected plumbing must be
suppressed. The effect will be to improve the pressures, which have
been deci'eased by the rapid extension of the water-mains to keep jjace
with the growth of the city (N.Y.). If the same rate of average waste
occurs thi'ough the city (N.Y.) the entire waste would exceed
40,000,000 gallons per day ; there is every reason to believe the above
a low estimate of the average waste of the city.
His successor, Hon. Hubert O. Thompson, in his report
of 1881, says : —
The existence of inexcusable and wanton waste in private houses,
amounting in the aggregate to enormous quantities, has been shown by
10 City Document No. 123.
the system of inspection recently established to observe the floAv of water
from house-drains into sewers, during the hours from midnight to 6
A.M. The result of 426 examinations was as follows : —
311 houses, flow of water less than 1 gallon per minute.
102 houses, flow of water 1 to 6 gallons per minute.
11 houses, flow of water 6 to 15 gallons per minute.
2 houses, flow of water 30 gallons per minute.
I trust that further argument as to the necessity of stopping this waste
is superfluous, and as to the means of accomplishing the object it is quite
evident that it can only be done by an apparatus or instrument on service-
pipes by which the flow of water into any building can be I'eadily ascer-
tained at any time.
Chief Engineer William Ludlow, of Philadelphia, in his
report of 1884, says : —
We pump say 65,000,000 gallons of water per day ; of this possibly
not less than 35,000,000 gallons are absolutely wasted. In other words,
more than one-half of all the water pumped into the mains and reservoirs
sinks into the ground, or runs through the sewers into the rivers, with-
out having served a single useful purpose. By water wasted I mean
that which serves no useful purpose, does no good to any one, and in
many cases exercises an influence prejudicial to health, and even to clean-
liness. The leakages from defective services and leaking attachments
amount to 5 per cent. ; the leakages from these and from horse-troughs
amount to 37,000,000 gallons per day. An ordinary wash-basin running
day and night will waste over 500,000 gallons a year. A hydrant
allowed to run constantly wastes 1,500,000 gallons a year. In one
block of buildings, in the vicinity of Third and Walnut streets, out of
191 stopcocks 57, or 30 per cent, of the whole number, indicated that
water was being wasted in the houses. I would not limit the free use
of water, but facilitate and increase it. In order to enable everybody to
have enough water this useless waste should be stopped.
The European cities, in genei'al, are content with a daily supply which
we ^hould consider aljsurdly inadequate, as Vienna and Berlin, with a
daily allowance of 15 or 18 gallons, or St. Petersburg, with 22 gallons.
In Pai'is, however, where, although the domestic use is limited, large
amounts are used in keeping the streets clean, the daily consumption
is about 42 gallons per capita. In the principal cities of Great Britain
the supply averages from 35 to 40 gallons per head; and in London,
which in its general features approaches perhaps more nearly than,
any other to those of Philadelphia, the daily supply is about 31i British,
or 37^ United States, gallons. It may therefore be safely assumed that
40 gallons per day per head of population is ample for all purposes for
which the water is legitimately used, this amount being divided nearly
as follows : —
Gallons.
For domestic uses 20
Manufacturing purposes ........ 15
Sprinkling streets, etc 2
Fountains ........... 2
Fire purposes 1
Total 40
It follows that about 57 per cent, only of the consumption is used,
and 43 per cent, is wasted.
Eeport of the Water Board. 11
In general, in all the American cities where the subject has been ex-
amined, the estimates of waste are from 25 to 75 per cent, of the total
supply. It may be assumed, then, with much confidence, that 40 gallons
per day per head of population is an ample amount for all purjposes.
The Bell waterphone is used in Philadelphia.
The Cincinnati Water Committee, under date of April 4,
1884, report as follows : —
The Cincinnati Water Works have used the Bell Waterphone sys-
tem for two years, with the following results : —
Waterphone in use.
1881. 1882. 1883.
Millions gallons used . . . 8,397 7,126 7,028
Gallons waterier capita . . 87 69 66
Cost of fuel . . . . $75,527.63 $58,891.85 $54,671.75
These results show a reduction in the quantity of water used during
1883 of 1,369 millions of gallons as against the consumption in 1881,
and a reduction in the cost of fuel of $20,855.88 in 1883, as against its
cost in 1881 ; and these very satisfactory results without taking into any
consideration the increase of the city's population or the increase of
water system. The reduction in the quantity of water used, viz., 66
gallons ^jer capita in 1883 as against 87 gallons per capita in 1881, is
the most convincing proof of the valuable work resulting from the use
of the waterphone system for the detection of wastes. In addition to
the reduction in water and fuel the city of Cincinnati was unques-
tionably saved from a water famine during the floods of 1883 and 1884
by the use of the watei-phone ; for the large underground waste had
been stopped, the consumers educated to a more careful use of water,
and the supply so systematically controlled that, with some additional
exei'tion, the consumption was maintained from the small storage
in the reservoirs during the two weeks' cessation of pumping.
Complaints.
It is a matter of frequent complaint that the system of
house-to-house inspection established by the Board is annoy-
ing to water-takers, and that the frequent visitations of in-
spectors to premises of water-takers is looked upon as a
system of espionage liable to become very disagreeable and
unpopular.
There may perhaps be some measure of truth in these
complaints, but there is no present remedy. There is but
one other large city in the country so deficient in sidewalk
stopcocks as Boston ; and until these are generally applied,
and the recording-meter service largely extended, we must
continue the house-to-house inspection system, or submit to
the prodigal waste which has hitherto prevailed. There is no
middle ground. People will not repair their defective fixtures,
and will not stop wasting water, unless compelled to do so by
official visitation, or by the adoption of a measurement system
which will oblige them to pay for all the water used. The
city must either be content to buy a new supply, and furnish
water literally as free as air, or it must apply such restrictive
measures as now prevail in Boston.
12 City Document No. 123.
Our inspection corps is composed of gentlemanly officials.
Special instructions are given with reference to the courteous
treatment of water-takers. Each officer is provided with a
badge, which must always be worn in sight when on duty,
and a commission which he must exhibit on demand. We
have frequently had the whole corps of inspectors before
the Board, specially to instruct them with reference to these
matters. Whenever complaints are made in this direction
the Board causes them to be thoroughly investigated, and
prompt action is always taken.
The Board has used every precaution, and adopted every
possible measure, to insure courteous treatment to the water-
takers and secure efficient results to the city. This system,
vigorously followed up, will prevent a large part of the daily
waste ; and no other method will accomplish it except the
recording-meter or measurement system. When this is ap-
plied, and people are required to pay for water as they do
for gas, they will not waste it. The meter or measurement
system could not be universally applied to Boston except at
a very large expense, and even then it would require several
years.
Recognizing these difficulties the Board adopted the only
feasible plan of reducing the consumption, that of an effi-
cient house-to-house inspection ; and the results have jus-
tified its action.
The constant visitations of officials to the premises of water-
takers may be annoying, but there is no other way to grapple
successfully with the waste question in large communities
except by applying a recording meter to every service in the
city, or providing an unlimited supply ; and both remedies
are at present impracticable.
Prevention of Pollution and Improvement in the
Quality of the Water.
The water supplied during the past year has been of better
qualit}^ than for several years previous, and is undoubtedly
as pure as that furnished to any city in the United States at
the present time.
Advantage was taken of the severe drought of last season
to cleanse, as far as possible, the sources of the Mystic supply,
and to remove the loam or muck in the reservoirs of the
Cochituate supply.
The aqueducts were also cleansed twice during the year.
This work was done under the immediate direction of Su-
perintendents FitzGerald and Brown, and the general supervi-
sion of Mr. Henry M. Wightman, the Engineer of the Board.
Report of the Water Board. 13
The work at Basin No. 2 was particularly well done : up-
wards of 139,000 cubic yards of loam were removed, the
capacity increased some 50,000,000 of gallons, and the reser-
voir rendered one of the best in our system.
We ask your attention to the reports of Messrs. FitzGer-
ald and Wightman upon this matter, as evidencing some of
the reasons why the quality of our supply is so much im-
proved.
The Board, in December last (see pages 16 and 54 of re-
port of Dec. 6), asked for an appropriation of $14,000, "for
the protection of the water interests of the city at Pegan
Brook and elsewhere." The object of this appropriation was
twofold, as explained to the Water Committee at the time ;
in part to repair and extend, if required, the filtration works
at Lake Cochituate, and in part to secure such legislation as
would enable us to compel any persons or corporations emp-
tying refuse or sewage into our water sources, to imme-
diately cease such pollution.
The members of the Board used every proper eifort in
their power to secure such legislation as, in the judgment of
the City Solicitor, would accomplish this object, and they
were successful.
We believe that Boston, under the law as amended by the
Legislature of last winter, is now in condition to compel all
persons draining house sewage, factory refuse, human excre-
ment, or other contaminating substances, into our water
sources, to find immediately other receptacles for such filth.
An official notice (at this date, September 1) has been issued
to all such violators to stop such pollution ; and prosecutions
will be instituted against all persons or corporations failing
to comply. We regard this as one of the most important
legislative results secured for Boston in many years. The
amount thus far expended in this interest is $3,775.92, which
may be considered a small expenditure in view of the im-
portant legislation secured. With the new reservoir Basin
No. 4 completed ; with Basin No. 2 in first-class condition ;
with the money in hand to cleanse Basin No. 3 as soon as
the condition of the supply will permit ; with a law suffi-
ciently broad to enable us to prevent the pollution of our
sources, — there would seem to be no good reason why, in the
near future, the people of our city may not experience the
blessing of an assured supply of pure water.
With reference to the sewage pollutions in the Mystic
Department, and the general condition of afiiiirs in connec-
tion with the care of the Mystic sewage, and of all matters
relating thereto, we refer you to the able and exhaustive
report of the engineer of the Board, herewith appended.
14 City Document No. 123.
At this writing (September 1) a large Farquhar-Oldham
filter is being erected at the mystic pumping-station to prop-
erly care for the sewage, as provided by the act of May 13,
1881.
Work upon the Reservoirs.
The reservoirs are in a very satisfactory condition, and a
reference to the accompanying reports of the Engineers and
Superintendent FitzGerald will afford complete information,
in detail, of what has been accomplished during the past
year. The shallow flowage excavations in Basin 2 have
been completed, and the work upon Basin 3, which was
begun last fall, will be continued as soon as the condition of
the supply will permit.
The work upon the new reservoir at Ashland, Basin No.
4, has been pushed forward this year with great energy.
The new Superintendent, Mr. T. C. Davis, appointed in
February last, has proved a most capable officer, managing
the work most efficiently and economically.
Early last year the Board concluded that a change was de-
sirable in the superintendency of the work.
We selected as the new Superintendent, Mr. W. F.
Learned, who had been in the employ of the city for some
eighteen years as Assistant Engineer, and who, during that
time, had frequently been in charge of similar work. Mr.
Learned is an honest man, and means, unquestionably, to be
a faithful and painstaking public official ; but the work at
Basin 4 seemed to be of greater magnitude than he could
manage with business skill and economy. The present
method of general supervision provided by the city ordi-
nances is such that it is quite difficult for the Board to keep
constantly advised of the mechanical details of construction
work.
Reference to the report of Engineer Wightman will afford
full particulars regarding the progress and present condition
of the work. The present appropriations will probably not
be sufficient to complete the basin ; and should this prove to
be the case it will be made a matter of special communication
to the City Council.
High-Service.
We ask your attention to our recommendations of Sep-
tember 6 (see report, page 16), and of December 6 (pages
10 and 11), upon the question of the extension of the high-
service. All that was then said we now repeat, and in
addition refer you to the accompanying report of Engineer
Wightman. This is one of the important questions of the
Kepoet of the Water Board. 15
early future, and in our judgment it should be considered
and acted upon the present year. The policy of delay upon
this matter is a wrong policy.
Jamaica-Pond Aqueduct Corporation.
We ask your reference to our December report (pages
16, 17, 18) to this matter, renewing our recommendation that
the proposition of the corporation be examined and consid-
ered by the City Council.
Finances.
In making up the annual estimates of receipts and expenses
our predecessors calculated upon a deficit of $70,914. The
business of the year, however, not only met this estimated
deficit, but yielded an excess of income over requirements
of $14,777.39, which may be considered a very gratifying
result.
Eates.
The Board has had in contemplation for several months
a reorganization of the present system of assessing the water-
rates. The several examinations made by the officials of the
Inspection and Waste Division have developed the fact that
the assessment, so far as related to fixtures, was based upon
insufficient information, and that it would be materially ad-
vantageous both to the city and the water-takers to rearrange,
in whole or in part, the present system. This work will be
done in the early autumn, and we confidently expect it will
result in a more uniform and equable system.
In conclusion, we may very properly and justly claim that
the water-supply of Boston is in better condition than it has
been for many years.
The water for the past year has been as pure as that
supplied to any city in the country ; and, with the improve-
ments now in progress, we see no good reason why this
standard of purity should not continue. It is true that the
conditions of the weather have been unusually favorable, and
much no doubt may justly be attributed to this fact ; but all
that zealous watchfulness and efficient labor could do to
secure and protect the purity of the water-supply has been
done, and we believe if the policy already entered upon, of
cleansing the reservoirs, stopping the pollutions and reducing
the consumption, be vigorously pursued, that the city of
Boston will not only have a pure and abundant present
supply, but that the necessity of extending the reservoir
system and securing new sources of supply may be postponed
for many years, and the city thus be saved an expenditure ot
several millions of dollars.
16
City Document No. 123.
General Statistics.
SUDBTJRT AND COCHITUATB "WOBKS.
Daily average consumption in gallons
Daily average consumption in gallons per inhabitant
Dailj- average amount used through meters, gallons
Percentage of total consumption metered
Number of sei'vices
Kumber of meters and motors
Length of supply and distributing mains, in miles .
Number of fire-hydrants in use
Yearly revenue from water-rates
Yearly revenue from metered water
Percentage of total revenue from metered water . .
Cost of works on May 1, 1883 and 1884
Yearly expense of maintenance
Mtstic Works.
Daily average consumption in gallons
Daily average consumption in gallons per inhabitant
Daily average amount used through meters, gallons
Percentage of total consumption metered
Number of services
Number of meters and motors
Length of supply and distributing mains, in miles .
Number of fire-hydrants in use
Yearly revenue from water-rates
Yearly revenue from metered water
Percentage of total revenue from metered water . .
Cost of works on May 1, 1883 and 1884
Yearly expense of maintenance
1882.
1883.
31,970,800
32,836,900
91
91
4,387,530
5,085,600
13.7
15.5
48,160
49,290
2,463
2,919
367.2
378.0
4,320
4,446
$1,127,982 32
$1,167,704 17
$319,785 42
$371,074 61
28.4
31.8
$17,184,751 14
$17,775,955 68
$249,064 71
$300,851 34
6,574,400
7,093,500
77.0
82.5
800,830
933,150
12.2
13.1
13,992
14,453
405
501
146.0
147.2
748
770
$245,981 85
$259,791 28
$58,459 80
$68,116 91
23.8
26.2
$1,641,762 22
$1,648,452 35
$84,483 87
$116,572 94
Eeport of the Water Board. 17
Earnings of the Works.
The total receipts of the Cochituate Water Works from all
sources, for the year ending April 30, 1884, are as follows,
viz. : —
Income from sales of water . . . $1,199,657 10
Income from shutting oflf and letting on water,
and fees 2,658 25
Service-pipes, sale of old material, etc. . 14,058 79
Sundry receipts by Water Board . . 10,087 41
Stock on hand May 1, 1883, $102,083 96
Decrease in valuation of stock,
March 15, 1883 . $9,550 82
Less profits in manu-
facturinghy drants ,
etc., etc., for the
year ending March
15, 1883 . . 6,346 50
3,204 32
98,879 64
$1,325,341 19
The total amount charged to Cochituate
Water Works for the year ending April 30,
1884, is as follows, viz. : —
Current expenses . . . $300,851 34
Extension of works paid for '
out of income . . . 96,389 69
Interest on funded debt . . 639,213 41
$1,036,454 44
Balance, April 30, 1884 . $288,886 75
Stock on hand, April 30, 1884, $79,628 36
On hand to be paid to Cochitu-
ate Water Sinking-Fund . 209,258 39
$288,886 75
Excess of income over expendi-
tures for 1883-84 . . . $209,258 39
Amount required for Sinking-
Fund for 1883-84 . . . 194,481 00
Excess of income over requirements . . $14,777 39
18
City Document No. 123.
Loans at this date,
exclusive of the Additional Supply, are as follows : —
The outstanding Cochituate Water
5 per cent. Sterling
Loan
(£399,500)
. $1,947,273 98
Due Oct.
1,
1902
5 per cent. Loans.
100,000 00
$100,000
Due April
1
1906
6 per cent. Loan .
1,000 00
1,000
Due Oct.
1,
1907
' 500,000
Due Dec.
12,
1897
450,000
Due June
16
1898
540,000
Due Oct.
3
1898
250,000
Due April
27
1899
625,000
Due Jan.
1901
688,000
Due April
1901
330,000
Due July
1901
413,000
Due April
1903
6 per cent. Loans
. 4,253,000 00 ■
38,000
161,000
Due Ajjril
Due Jan.
1904
1905
142,700
Due April
1905
6,000
Due Oct.
1905
82,550
Due Jan.
1906
8,750
Due April
19U6
4,000
Due Oct.
1906
8,000
Due Jan.
1907
5,000
Due April
1907
1,000
Due July-
1907
("280,000
Due April
1910
4 per cent. Loan
657,000 00
\ 120.000
Due July
1913
(257,000
Due Jan.
1914
$6,958,273 98
The total receipts of the Mystic Water Works, from all
sources, for the year ending April 30, 1884, are as follows,
viz. : —
Stock on hand, May 1, 1883 .
Income from sales of water ....
Income from shutting off and letting on water,
and fees .......
Sundry receipts by Water Board .
Receipts by Mystic Water Registrar, for service-
pipes, etc. ......
The total amount charged to Mystic Water
Works for the year ending April 30, 1884, is
as follows, viz. : —
Current expenses . . . $116,572 94
Extension of works paid for out
of income .... 556 53
$24,622 62
266,401 20
272 00
2,332 42
2,580 98
$296,209 22
Amounts carried forward, $117,129 47 $296,209 22
Eeport of the Water Board. 19
Amounts hrougJitforiuard, $117,129 47 $296,209 22
Interest on funded deSt . . 53,860 00
Amount paid Chelsea, Somer-
ville, and Everett, under con-
tracts 37,508 51
208,497 98
Balance, April 30, 1884 .... $87,711 24
Stock on hand, April 30, 1884 . $16,708 74
On hand to be paid to Mystic
Water Sinking-Fund . . 71,002 50
$87,711 24
Amount required for Sinking-
Fund for year 1883-84 ^ . $71,032 00
Excess of income over expendi-
tures for year 1883-84 . . 71,002 50
Excess of requirements over income . . $29 50
The outstanding Mystic Water loans at this date are as
follows : —
6 per cent, currency
Mystic Water Loans .
5 per cent, currency
Mystic Water Loans .
6 per cent, currency
Mystic Sewer Loans .
4 per cent. Loan
Mystic Sewer.
Balance of loan, April 30, 1883 . . . $7,256 02
Payments during year 1883-84 . . . 6,133 60
-
f $1,000
Due April
1885
35,000
Due April
1886
60,000
Due Oct.
1886
50,000
Due Oct.
1887
3,000
Due April
18.^8
$587,000 00^
100,000
Due July
1890
51,000
Due Jan.
1891
139,000
Due July
1891
67,000
Due Jan.
1892
42,000
Due July
1892
[ 39,000
Due July
1893
108,000 00 !
6,000
102,000
Due Oct.
Due April
1893
1894
130,000 00
130 000
Due April
1886
15,000 00
15,000 00
Due Oct.
1913
$840,000 00
Balance unexpended April 30, 1884 . $1,122 42
20
City Document No. 123.
The following statement shows the appropriations by the
City Council for an additional supply of water, with the
loans issued to meet them, and the amount of expenditures
to this date : —
Additional Supply of Water.
APPROPRIATIONS .
Oct. 21, 1871. — Transfer from Reserved Fund
Apr. 12, 1872. — Order for Treasurer to borrow
Apr. 11, 1873.—
Feb. 26, 1875.—
July 1, 1876.—
Apr. 20, 1878,—
Apr. 11, 1879.—
Aug. 17, 1881.—
' June 2, 1883. —
Total appropriations to April 30, 1884
$10,000 00
100,000 00
500,000 00
1,500,000 00
2,000,000 00
600,000 00
350,000 00
324,000 00
621,000 00
$6,005,000 00
Oct. 1, 1875. — Premium on $1,000,000 bonds, under
order of Feb. 26, 1875 . $83,700 00
April 1, 1876. — Premium on $452,000
bonds, under order of
Feb. 26, 1875 . . 47,786 80
Oct. 1, 1876. — Premium on $2,000,000
bonds, under order of
July 1, 1876 . . . 221,400 00
352,886 80
3,357,886 80
1871-72
1872-73
1873-74 including $20
on bonds
1874-75
1875-76
1876-77
1877-78
1878-79
1879-80
1880-81
1881-82
1882-83
1883-84
1874
EXPENDED.
,897.50, discount
sold, Januaiy,
$2,302 81
61,278 83
114,102 77
224,956 68
783,613 49
1,924,060 24
1,257,715 26
635,658 08
213,350 97
97,406 78
35,677 98
167,621 43
423,625 79
5,941,371 11
Balance of appropriations unexpended, April 30, 1884 $416,515 69
^ Loans for $27,000 of this appropriation not yet issued.
Eeport of the Water Board.
21
Balance of loans, April 30, 1883, $219,141 48
Loans issued in 1883-84 . . 594,000 00
Payments during year 1883-84
Balance unexpended, April 30, 1884
1,141 48
. 423,625 79
,515 69
The outstanding loans which were made on account of
Additional Supply of Water are as follows : —
4 per cent. Loans
5 per cent. Loans
6 per cent. Loan
6 per cent. Loans
4^ per cent. Loan
^ $324,000
Due April 1 ,
1912
82,000
Due July 1,
1908
. $1,548,000 <
. 588,000 .
336,000
Due April 1,
Due Oct. 1,
1908
1913
209,000
Due Jan. 1,
1914
9,000
Due April 1,
1914
( 1,000,000
Due Oct. 1,
1905
. 3,452,000-
} 452,000
Due April 1,
1906
( 2,000,000
Due Oct. 1,
1906
12,000
Due April 1,
1908
f 100,000
Due July 1,
1902
644,000 <
492,000
Due April 1,
1903
8,000
Due Jan'y 1,
1904
44,000
Due July 1,
1905
268,000
Due Oct. 1,
1908
$5,924,000
WM. A. SIMMONS, Chairman.
GEO. M. HOBBS,
JOHN G. BLAKE.
EEPOET OF THE CLERK.
Office of the Boston Watee Board,
Boston, May 1, 1884.
Hon. Wm. A. Simmons,
Chairman of the Boston Water Board: —
Sir, — The following is a statement of the receipts and
expenditures of the Boston Water Board for the financial
year ending April 30, 1884 : —
Receipts.
On account of Cochituate Water Works . $1,226,461 55
" Mystic Water Works . . 271,586 60
Balance of loans unexpended
April 30, 1883, Additional
SupplyofWater,$219,141 48
Loans issued in
1883-4 . . 594,000 00
$813,141 48
Mystic Sewer. . . . 7,256 02
Balance Appropriation, New
Main, Cochituate Water
Works . . $9,486 78
Loan issued in
1883-84 . . 70,000 00
79,486 78
$1,498,048 15
Appropriation, Chestnut-Hill
Driveway, 1883-84 . . 3,000 00
Appropriation Litroduction of
meters and Inspection, Co-
chituate Water Works . 330,000 00
Appropriation Introduction of
meters and Inspection, Mys-
tic Water Works . . 15,000 00
Amounts carried forward, $1,247,884 28 $1,498,048 15
Repoet of the Water Board. 23
Amounts brougJit forward, $1,247,884 28 $1,498,048 15
Stock purchased in previous
years, Cochituate Water
Works . . . . 98,879 64
Mystic Water Works . . 24,622 62
1,371,386 54
Expenditures.
Current expenses, Cochituate
Waterworks . . . $300,851 34
Current expenses, Mystic
Waterworks . . . 116,572 94
Extension of Cochituate Water
Works .... 96,389 69
Extension of Mystic Water
Works .... 556 53
Interest on Cochituate Water
Loans .... 639,213 41
Interest on Mystic Water
Loans .... 53,860 00
Chelsea, Somerville, and Ev-
erett contracts, account
Mystic Water Works . 37,508 51
Construction New Main, Co-
chituate Water Works 71,189 06
Construction, Additional Sup-
ply of water . . . 423,625 79
Construction, Mystic Sewer . 6,133 60
Introduction of Meters and In-
spection, Cochituate Water
Works . . . . 50,168 14
Introduction of Meters and
Inspection, Mystic Water
Works .... 3,458 73
Surplus Income of Cochituate
Water Works to be paid to
Cochituate Water Sinking-
• Fund .... 209,258 39
Surplus Income of Mystic
Water Works to be paid to
Mystic Water Sinking-Fund 71,002 50
Chestnut-Hill Driveway . 2,998 26
$2,869,434 69
Amounts carried forward, $2,082,786 89 $2,869,4.34 69
24 City Document No. 123.
Amounts brought forioard, $2,082,786 89 $2,869,434 69
Balance of Appropriation
Chestnut-Hill Driveway,
carried into the Treasury,
April 30, 1884 ... 1 74
fl)^,\lOZ/, 1 (JU Uli
$786,646 06
April 30, 1884, Balance of
loans unexpended, Addi-
tional Supply of Water
$389,515
69
Mystic Sewer
1,122
42
New Main, Cochituate Water
Works ....
8,297
72
Introduction of Meters and In-
spection, Cochituate Water
Works .
274,654
36
Introduction of Meters and
Inspection, Mystic Water
Works ....
11,541
27
Stock on hand, April 30, 1884,
Cochituate Water Works .
79,628
36
Mystic Water Works
16,708
74
Introduction of Meters and
Inspection, Cochituate Wa-
ter Works
5,177
50
$786,646 06
Total Water DeM of the City of Boston.
Cochituate, outstanding-
April 30, 1884 . . $12,882,273 98
Mystic, outstanding, April
30, 1884 . . . 840,000 00
$13,722,273 98
Cochituate Water Debt.
Outstanding, April 30,
1883 .... 111,955,273 98
Issued in 1883-84 . . 994,000 00
$12,949,273 98
Paid in 1883-84 . . 67,000 00
$12,882,273 98
Report of the Water Board. 25
Mystic Water Debt.
Outstanding, April 30,
18«3 .... $1,027,000 00
Issued in 1883-84 . . 15,000 00
$1,042,000 00
Paid in 1883-84 . . . 202,000 00
$840,000 00
Total Water Sinking-Funds, April 30, 1884.
Cochituate Water Sinking-
Fund .... $2,746,505 58
Mystic Water Sinking-
Fund .... 330,540 15
$3,077,045 73
Ti'ial Balance, Cochituate Water Works, April 30, 1884.
Dr. Or.
Construction Account . $17,775,955 68
Cochituate WaterWorks . $17,775,955 68
City Treasurer, Loan Ac-
count . ... . 1,222,628 26
Appropriation, Additional
Supply of Water . . 389,515 69
Appropriation, New Main,
Cochituate Water Works . 8,297 72
Appropriation, Introduction
of Meters and Inspection . 279,831 86
Income of Cochituate Water
Works .... 1,325,341 19
Maintenance of Cochituate
Water Works . . . 300,851 34
Extension of Cochituate Wa-
ter Works . . . 96,389 69
Interest on Cochituate Water
Loans .... 639,213 41
Stock Account . . . 79,628 36
Stock, Introduction of Meters -
and Inspection . . . 5,177 50
City Treasurer, Revenue Ac-
count .... 1,226,461 55
Amounts carried forward, %2l,?)4.Q,d>Qb 79 $19,778,942 14
26 City Document No. 123.
Amounts brought foriuard, $21,34:^,^05 79 $19,778,942 14
Appropriation, Chestnut-Hill
Driveway .... 1 74
City Treasurer, Appropriation
Account .... 3,000 00
City Treasurer . . . 1,570,361 91
Funded Debt . . 12,882,273 98
Cochituate Water 6<^ Cur-
rency Loan . . . 4,897,000 00
Cochituate Water 5% Cur-
rency Loan . . . 13,000 00
Cochituate Water 5^ Gold
Loan .... 3,552,000 00
Cochituate Water 5 % Sterling
Loan .... 1,947,273 98
Cochituate Water 4% Cur-
rency Loan . . . 588,000 00
Cochituate Water 4% Loan . 1,617,000 00
Cochituate Water 4^% Loan . 268,000 00
Commissioners on the Sinking-
Funds .... 2,746,505 58
Cochituate Water Sinking-
Fund .... 2,746,505 58
$36,978,085 35 $36,978,085 35
Trial Balance, Mystic Water Works, April 30, 1884.
Gr. Dr.
Construction . . $1,648,452 35
Mystic Water Works . . $1,648,452 35
City Treasurer, Revenue Ac-
count .... 271,586 60
Income of Mystic Water
Works .... 296,209 22
Maintenance of Mystic Water
Works .... 116,572 94
Extension of Mystic Water
Works . . . . 556 53
Interest on Mystic Water
Loans .... 53,860 00
Chelsea, Somerville, and Ev-
erett contracts . . . 37,508 51
Stock Account . . . 16,708 74
City Treasurer, Loan Account, 22,256 02
Amounts carried forward, $2,167,501 69 $1,944,661 57
EePOET or THE
Water Board
27
Amounts brought forward, $2,167,501
69 $1,944,661 57
Introduction of Meters, and
Inspection
11,541 27
Appropriation, Mystic Sewer,
1,122 42
City Treasurer
210,176 43
Funded Mystic Water Debt .
840,000
00
Mystic Water 6% Currency
Loan ....
587,000 00
Mystic Water 5% Currency
Loan ....
108,000 00
Mystic Water 4% Loan
15,000 00
Mystic Sewer 6% Currency
Loan ....
130,000 00
Commissioners on the Sinking-
Funds ....
330,540
15
Mystic Water Sinking-Fund .
330 540 15
13,338,041
84
$3,338,041 84
Cost of Construction of the Gochituate Water Works to
May 1, 1884.
Cost of Water Works to January 1, 1850, as
per final report of Water Commissioners
Extension to East Boston .
Jamaica-pond aqueduct
New dam at Lake Cochituate
Eaising lake two feet, including damages
Dudley pond, lower dam, and making con-
nections with lake .
New main from Brookline reservoir
Land and water rights and land damages
since January 1, 1850
New pipe-yard and repair-shop
Upper yard, buildings, etc.
New water-pipes, East Boston
New main. East Boston
Pumping-works at Lake Cochituate
High-service, stand-pipe, engine-house and
engines ......
High-service, South Boston
Chestnut-Hill reservoir, including land
Parker-Hill reservoir
Charles-river siphon ....
Keeper's house, Parker Hill
Amount carried forward,
. $3,998,051
83
281,065
44
13,237
50
10,940
08
28,002
18
18,982
23
304,991
83
49,486
17
25,666
51
9,165
63
20,999
43
24,878
08
23,577
69
103,829
53
27,860
29
. 2,461,232
07
228,246
17
26,532
35
2,764
90
$7,659,509
91
28
CiTT Document No. 123.
Amount brought forward
Temporary high-service, Brighton
New stable at Chestnut-Hill reservoir
Pegan dam, Natick .
Willow dam, Natick . . .
High-service, East Boston .
New main from Chestnut-Hill reservoir
Cost of laying main pipe for extension in
Roxbury, Dorchester, Brighton, and West
Roxbury Districts .....
Additional supply of water, including land
damages and all expenses
Cost of laying main pipe since January 1,
1850
$7,659,509 91
7,865 86
8,103 55
1,394 06
1,567 29
22,960 07
341,702 28
1,758,512 22
5,941,371 11
2,032,969 33
$17,775,955 68
coal-shed, and chimney
Cost of Construction of the Mystic Water
1, 1884.
Salaries
Engineering
Land damages
Reservoir .
Dam
Conduit .
Engine-house,
Engines
Grubbing pond
Iron pipes
Iron pipes, trenching
City distribution
Hydrants .
Stopcocks
Miscellaneous items .
Roadway and bridge .
Lowering Mystic river
Inspections
Service-pipes and meters
Hydrants for Somerville and Medford
Somerville distribution
Dwelling-house for engineer and jfireman
(pumping-station) .
Chelsea extension
Medford extension
Amount carried forward
Works to M
'ay
$17,644
61
33,746
87
91,855
38
141,856
26
17,167
26
129,714
30
36,112
99
150,096
70-
9,393
26
108,437
10
61,029
59
162,335
23
19,976
21
19,262
52
14,012
51
3,529
22
3,012
06
1,824
79
133,858
70
2,653
08
2,492
10
4,871
02
37,347
^Q
3,997
41
$1,206,227
03
Report of the Water Board.
29
Amount hrought forward
Drinking-fountains
NeAV line of supply main .
Stable and pipe-yard .
Extension of engine-house and boiler
New force main
Mystic sewer . . .
New stable, engine-house
Additional force main
Temporary pumping-works
New work-shop
Cost of laying main pipe since 1873
$1,206,227 03
1,415 05
203,050 09
8,964 64
33,727 43
9,875 17
128,877 58
1,767 39
24,882 96
6,905 15
3,000 00
19,759 86
$1,648,452 35
Kespectfully submitted,
W. E. SWAN,
Clerh of the Bodon Water Board.
EEPOET OF THE CITY ENGINEER.
Office of City Engineer, City Hall,
Boston, June 20, 1884.
Hon. Wm. A. Summons, Chairman Boston Water Board: —
Sir, — In accordance with the requirements of the ordi-
nance establishing the Boston Water Board, I respectfully
submit the following report on the condition of the Water-
Works : —
SUDBURY RIVER RESERVOIRS AND LAKE
COCHITUATE.
On May 1, 1883, the reservoirs on the Sudbury river were
full and overflowing.
Water was wasted at Dam No. 1 until June 25, from
which date until January 30, 1884, no water was allowed to
flow into the river, except the 1,500,000 gallons per day'
required by law.
Reservoir JSTo. 1. — The water in Reservoir No. 1 re-
mained near the crest of the dam until August 1. It then
began to fall slowly, and January 2, 1884, it was 4.89 feet
below the crest. January 30 it had risen above the crest,
and waste was commenced.
Reservoir JSTo. 2. — In consequence of the draft for the
city's supply, Reservoir No. 2 began to fall about the middle
of June, and on August 1 the reservoir was empty. It
remained so until January 9, 1884, when it commenced to
fill, and on January 26 the water reached the crest of the
dam.
All of the shallow flowage areas of the reservoir have been
deepened by the excavation and removal of the loam, muck,
and other materials above a plane of about 8 feet below the
crest of the dam. In addition to this work 35,330 cubic
yards of loam and muck have been removed from other por-
tions of the reservoir below this plane. The reservoir has,
in fact, been practically cleared of loam and muck in all
shallow places, and the bottom and side slopes are as clean
as a judicious expenditure of the amount appropriated for the
purpose would warrant.
Eeport of the Water Board. 31
Reservoir JVb. 3. — This reservoir was full on May 1,
and remained so until July 19, when it was drawn upon for
the supply of the city.
From the latter date the surface gradually fell until the
last of November, when the reservoir was practically empty,
and it remained so until January 9, 1884. On February 8
the reservoir had again tilled, and water was running over
the outlet dam.
At this reservoir only a commencement of the work of
deepening the shallow flowage was made, as the operations
were not begun until October, and were stopped by the
extreme cold weather in December. It is doubtful if the
work can be completed before another season, as it would
not be advisable nor safe to empty the reservoir for this
purpose, and it will be late in the season before the city's
consumption will exhaust it in the ordinary manner of using
the supply. The extraordinary dry season of the past year
furnished an opportunity for prosecuting the work of deep-
ening the shallow flowage of the reservoirs, which is not likely
to again occur ; and it is probable that the work at Reservoir
No. o cannot be completed until Reservoir No. 4 is finished
and filled. With the reduction in the consumption etfected
by the stoppage of waste, and with Reservoir No. 4 full of
water, it would be safe to empty Reservoir No. 3 ; otherwise
the work could only be prosecuted when the legitimate de-
mands of the consumption had emptied it.
Reservoir No. 4. — The work at this reservoir was very
much delayed by the cold and wet weather of the spring.
It had been hoped that by commencing the work early in
the season the dam might be completed during the present
season ; it now seems unlikely that this can be accomplished.
A large force was employed as soon as the weather would
permit, and the stripping of the basin of loam and muck has
been so actively prosecuted that only a small amount of work
of this character remains to be done. The railroad plant is
removing either to the waste dump or to the Back-Bay park
the loam and muck as fast as it is piled up by the stripping
gangs, and there is no doubt of the complete clearing of this
basin of these materials by fall.
On the dam the work is now so arranged that nearly all of
the gravel and other material used in its construction are
transported by the railroad plant.
Excellent progress is now being made ; but the embank-
ment is wide, and there is for the present no difficulty in
properly compacting all the material the contractor can bring.
The embankment narrows quite rapidly as it increases in
height, and it Avill soon be impracticable to take care of the
32 CiTT Document No. 123.
amount now delivered dail^^ by the contractor, — some 1,200
cubic yards, — and beside the various operations in connection
with the concrete centre wall, the slope paving, etc., will
seriously interfere with the rapid prosecution of the work.
It is not probable that the dam will be completed this season,
although it may be so far completed that the reservoir can be
partially filled next spring.
The work has been managed in an economical and efficient
manner by the nevv superintendent, Mr. Thomas C. Davis, and
a large saving in the cost of the various items of construction
has been effected. In some cases there has been a 50 per
cent, reduction from the cost of work done last season, and it
seems probable that the lower scale of cost can be maintained
under the present management.
Ou May I, 1884, 113,000 cubic yards of material had been
placed in the embankment, and the quantity required to com-
plete the dam was 135,000 cubic yards ; 14,470 cubic yards of
concrete had been placed in the centre wall, and 6,390 cubic
yards remain unfinished.
The unexpended balance of the appropriation of $650,000
for this basin amounted on May 1 to $193,922.74.
Lake Cochituate. — The surface of the lake remained near
high-water mark during the month of May, 1883, and water
was wasted at the outlet dam from May 24 to 28. From
June 1 to January 1, 1884, there was an almost constant
fall in the lake surface, and on January 7 the water was
10.29 feet below high-water mark, or but 3.04 feet above the
conduit invert. During the months of January and February
the lake surface was rising. On February 29 the lake was
so near high-water mark that waste was commenced at the
outlet dam, and, with the exception of the periods from March
2 to 6 and April 4 to 6, it has been continued to the present
time. During the month of November temporary pumping
machinery was erected at the lake, and from November 26
to January 14 water was pumped from the lake into the con-
duit.
The diagram annexed to this report shows graphically the
varying heights of the different reservoirs throughout the
year, the rainfall on the Sudbury river, and the daily amounts
drawn from the Sudbury river reservoirs during the year.
Kepoet of the Water Board.
33
The following table shows the heights of water in the res-
ervoirs and in Lake Cochituate on the first of each month : —
May 1, 1883
June 1, "
July 1, "
Aug. 1, "
Sept. 1, "
Oct. 1, "
Nov. 1, "
Dec. 1, "
Jan. 1, 1884
Feb. 1, "
Mar. 1, "
Apr. 1, "
May 1, "
Res. No. 1.
Top of flash-
boards,
159.29.
157.68
159.47
159.35
158.96
157.78
156.63
156.18
155.29
154.43
157.91
158.23
158.26
158.00
Res. No. 2.
Top of flash-
boards,
167.12.
166.04
166.85
163.06
r 151.30
149.08
148.55
150.65
149.60
150.05
166.21
166.22
166.40
166.18
Res. No. 3.
Crest of
Dam,
175.24.
175.43
175.44
175.30
173.15
167.52
163.50
161.24
b ( 157.26
^H (156.41
171.41
175.47
175.71
175.58
Farm Pond.
149.23
149.12
149.34
148.80
148.11
147.45
147.80
147.90
146.05
149.09
149.05
148.38
149.27
Lake Co-
chituate,
Top of flash-
boards,
134.36.
133.71
134.28
132.84
131.07
128.85
127.11
125.70
124.73
124.24
125.85
133.78
133.28
134.31
"Water has been drawn from the Sudbuiy-river reservoirs
as follows : —
May 1 to May 10,
from
Reservoir
No.
1.
May 10 to July 19,
No.
2.
July 19 to Oct. 27,
Nos.
2 and 3.
Oct. 27 to Nov. 3,
No.
2.
Nov. 3 to Jan. 9,
'84, -
Nos.
2 and 3.
Jan. 9 to Feb. 1,
No.
2.
Feb. 1 to May 1,
No.
1.
Farm-Pond Conduit.
Mr. George H. Cavanagh, the contractor for the pile and
timber work forming the foundations for the masonry conduit
across the pond, completed his work April 24, 1884, at a
cost of $26,054.35.
Messrs. Parker & Sylvester, the contractors for the filling,
are progressing rapidly with this work ; but it is still uncer-
tain when they will complete it, although it is probable that
by the 1st of July the largest portion, if not the whole, of it
will be done;
34 City Document No. 123.
It was anticipated that the dumping of this gravel, and the
consequent sudden displacement of the mud when suflSciently
loaded, would cause movements of the pile-work which might
injure or destroy portions of it ; but, although several exten-
sive settlements of this kind have occurred, no injury to the
pile-work, except of a trifling nature, has resulted.
The question of the advisability of commencing the con-
struction of the masonry conduit during the present season
cannot be definitely determined until the filling contract is
completed. All of the plans are drawn, and the work could
be put under contract in a short time, but could not be
finished the present year. There are other circumstances
connected with this work which might render its postpone-
ment to another season advisable; but as I intend to submit
to the Board a full statement of matters connected with this
subject as soon as the filUng contract is completed, or nearly
so, I will not refer to them in this report.
Aqueducts and Distributing Reservoirs.
The Sudbury-river aqueduct has been in constant use, with
the exception of eight days, when the water was drawn ofl" for
the purpose of cleaning.
The Cochituate aqueduct has been thoroughly cleaned
twice during the year, and, in addition to the ordinary re-
pairs, the concrete coverings of the Charles-river and Waban
bridges have been resurfaced, at an expense of $1,350.
From May 1 to August 17, 1883, the water in the aque-
duct at Lake Cochituate was maintained at a depth of 5^
feet; August 17 to September 11, 7 feet; from August 17 to
November 27, when pumping was begun, the depths varied
with the height of the lake surface from 7 feet to 3.7 feet.
From November 27 to January 14, while the pumps were
in operation, the height oscillated between 4 feet and 6 feet ;
January 14 to March 5 the level of the water in the aqueduct
followed the rising surface of the lake, and on the latter date
reached the depth of 6 feet, at which point it has since been
maintained.
The Chestnut Hill, Brookline, Parker Hill, and East Boston
reservoirs have been in constant use, and are in good con-
dition.
Highland High-Service Works.
The table on page 51 exhibits in detail the work performed
by these works during the year 1883. As usual the greater
Eeport of the Watee Boaed. 35
portion of the work has been performed by the Worthington
engine, on account of its economy.
During the month of April, 1883, this engme was thorough-
ly overhauled and repaired, after having been in constant u.^e
for five years. The total quantity of water pumped during
the year was 1,060,321,495 gallons, of which amount the
Worthington engine pumped 959,667,000 gallons.
Total coal consumed 2,108,800 lbs. of which 12.4 percent,
were ashes and clinkers.
Average lift, 113.92 feet.
Quantity pumped per lb. of coal, 502.8 gallons.
Average daily quantity pumped, 2,904,990 gallons.
Reference to the table on page 51 shows that the quantity
pumped per lb. of coal increased during the latter portion of
the year; this was due to the improved working of the
engine, caused by the repairs made, and to increased pres-
sure in the supply main, caused by the reduction in the con-
sumption, and the laying of the 48-inch and 24-inch mains.
Cost of Pumping.
Salaries .....
Fuel
Repairs .....
Oil, waste, and packing
Sundry small supplies, gas, etc.
^3,861 88
6,383 75
1,150 74
217 46
25 7 47
Total $11,871 30
Cost per million gallons raised one foot high, $0,098.
The necessity for new high-service works has been so often
alluded to and advocated in my former reports to the Board
that it seems almost unnecessary for me to again bring the
subject to your attention ; but the constant pressure from the
inhabitants of the districts inadequately supplied from the
low-service, for an extension of the high-service to these
sections, compels me to make a brief allusion to the present
condition of the works.
Although a large reduction has been made in the consump-
tion from these works, hy the suppression of a considerable
proportion of the waste, the growth of the districts supplied
by them is so rapid that I have not considered it advisable to
imperil their efficiency in localities which can be supplied in
no other way by extending the service to districts which can
obtain a tolerably good supply from the low service. There
are several districts, embracing a population of two or three
36 City Document No. 123.
thousand people, that are insufficiently supplied from the low-
service ; but the effect of annexing them to the present high-
service works would be to at once reach the safe limit of
their capacity during the cold weather of the winter season.
It will take from two to three years to build new high-service
works ; and, until 'favorable action is taken by the city govern-
ment in relation to their construction, I cannot recommend
any material addition to the area supplied by the present
ones.
Mystic Lake.
Mystic lake was full on May 1, 1883, and remained near
high-water mark until June 4, when the waste was stopped
at the outlet dam. There was a constant fall of the lake
surface during the months of June, July, August, and Sep-
tember, and on October 23 it was but 3.28 feet above the
conduit invert, or 7.89 feet below high water. This was the
lowest point reached, although it remained at about the same
level until January 9, 1884. On January 26, the lake having
again filled, waste was commenced at the outlet dam, and has
been continued to the present time.
In October the temporary pumping machinery was placed
in position preparatory to raising the water into the conduit
when a sufficient supply could not be obtained by gravita-
tion ; but, although the lake surface remained for a month
within a few inches of the point when pumping would have
been necessary, the pumps were not used.
Advantao;e was taken of the low level of the lake to clean
the bed and shape the banks of the Abajonna river from the
lake to Whitney's dam. Considerable work was also done in
cleaning the shores of the lake.
Mystic-Yalley Sewer.
The extension of the works for the removal of the im-
purities of the sewage has been completed. Two new and
improved settling-tanks have been constructed, and a new
ditch, about 1,400 feet in length, excavated between the tanks
and discharge outlet.
As much of the surplus land as it was practicable to utilize
has been graded, and experiments are in progress to ascertain
practically the value of the sewage for manurial or agricul-
tural purposes. Judging from the experience at Pullman,
III., — the only place 1 ain aware of in this country where the
utilization of sewage for agricultural purposes has been at-
tempted upon anything more than an experimental scale, — it
would require probably 200 or 300 acres of land to take care
Eepoet of the Water Board. 37
of the sewage from the Mystic-valley sewer. At the lowest
price the city has had to pay for land in the immediate
vicinity of its present station, even if a sufficient amount
could be obtained, the cost of this item alone would reach
from $100,000 to $150,000.
It is evident, therefore, that at the present location of the
works, comprising an area of only 5 acres, nothing but ex-
periments to ascertain the feasibility of utilizing this sewage
can be accomplished. If these experiments should be suc-
cessful it is not probable that a sufficient area of land, even
at the price named, could be obtained in the vicinity.
The Farquhar low-pressure filter, contracted for by your
Board, will determine the practicability of the filtration of
the sewage by this kind of machinery. If this pattern of
filter will not operate successfully upon the sewage there, it
is extremely doubtful if any form of machine filter would
have any value for the purpose. If it should operate suc-
cessfully, and the experiments already made would indicate
that it will, the cost of an outfit comprising filters and appur-
tenant machinery for the treatment of the entire amount of
the sewage would be quite large, and the expense of attend-
ance and maintenance an onerous one.
The question of the feasibility of chemical treatment has
already been considered, and the results of the investigations
of Prof. Wm. Ripley Nichols and Dr. E. S. Wood are either
embodied in former reports, or are now upon the records of
your Board. Any chemical processes known to these emi-
nent authorities are exceedingly expensive in operation, and
give only partial promise of successful practical results.
I have briefly reviewed the present condition of the Mystic-
valley sewer problem, for the purpose of calling the attention
of the Board to two important matters, which I referred to in
my annual report to the City Council.
Mystic Conduit and Eeservoirs.
The conduit has been in constant service with the exception
of one day.
The portion of the conduit which was stated in the last
annual report to be in an unsafe condition has been replaced
by a new and stronger structure.
As the supply to the city could not be interrupted except
for a few hours, a temporary channel, consisting of a 30-inch
iron pipe, about 250 feet in length, was laid around the site
of the section to be rebuiltj and connected with the conduit
at either end. The section removed was found to be in a
very bad condition, and its failure was entirely due to the
38 City Document No. 123.
poor design of the pile foundation. Additional piles were
driven and capped crosswise of the trench with 10-in. X 10-
in. spruce caps. 4 feet apart on centres. The spaces be-
tween the caps were then carefully filled with coarse gravel,
and the capping covered with a flooring of 2-in. spruce plank
10 feet in width. The conduit was rebuilt as nearly as pos-
sible on the original line and of the same interior dimensions ;
but the concrete side-walls were made much heavier. Ad-
vantag-e was taken of the time when the conduit was emptied
to make the final connection with this work, to clean the inte-
rior for the entire length.
Mystic Pdmping-Station.
The table on page 52 shows the work done by the engines
at this station.
Engine No. 1 was in use 578 hours 30 minutes.
" 2 " " 1,865 " 30
" " 3 " " 6,902 " 15 "
Total amount pumped, 2,488,469,070 gallons.
Total amount coal consumed, 6,173,100 lbs., of which 8.4
per cent, were ashes and clinkers.
Average lift, 150.5 feet.
Quantity pumped per lb. of coal, 403 gallons.
Average duty of three engines (no deductions), 50,596,400
foot-lbs. per 100 lbs. coal.
Daily average amount pumped, 6.817,723 gallons, — an
mcrease of 3.7 per cent, over that of the year 1883.
Oost of Pumping.
Salaries $6,816 80
Fuel 14,650 85
Oil, waste, and packing . . . . 718 77
Eepairs 339 12
Small supplies ...... 149 95
$22,675 49
Cost per million gallons lifted one foot high, $0.0605.
On August 15 a contract was made with Kendall & Rob-
erts, of Caml)ridge, Mass., for furnishing and setting three
new steel boilers, to replace four boilers which had been in
use since the works were built, in 1865.
The new boilers are now being set, and the contract will
soon be completed.
Eepoet of the Water Board.
39
The boilers are of the horizontal tubular type, 78 inches in
diameter, 17 feet long, and each contains 151 3-inch tubes.
The shells are composed of j7_-inch thick, steel plates.
Samples of all plates used in the boilers were tested on the
testing machine at the U.S. Arsenal, Watertown, Mass.,
and either fulfilled the requirements of the specifications
or the plates from which they were taken were rejected.
Consumption.
The average daily consumption during the year was as
follows : —
Gallons.
Gallons per
head,
Sudbury and Cochituate
supply. . . . 32,836,900 91
Mystic supply . . . 6,819,200 79.3
Total
39,656,100 88-7
Increase over
year 1882.
2.7
3.7
Waste.
Although the consumption for the whole year shows an in-
crease over that of 1882, yet an examination of the following
table, which gives the monthly average of 1883 and of the
first four months of the present year, shows that since active
measures have been taken to prevent waste there has been
a very large reduction in the amomit of water used in the
city.
Daily average
Gallons per head,
consumption.
per day.
January, 1883 . . . 34,715,000
97.8
February ' '
32,690,700
92.0
March "
34,110,700
95.8
April "
30,617,600
85.8
May "
32,169,500
89.8-
June "
33,419,200
93.3
July "
36,774,000
102.4
August ' «
37,141,000
*103.2
September ' '
33,645,600
93.2
October "
29,575,800
81.9
November "
28,839,300
79.6
December "
30,174,200
83.
January, 1884
32,162,300
88.4
February ' '
24,598,000
67.5
March "
23,711,900
65.
April "
21,505,700
58.8
' Inspection commenced.
40 CiTr Document No. 123.
This saving has been effected by the system of honse-to-
honse inspection, aided in some portions of the city by the
use of Deacon waste-water-meters. The operation of the
Deacon meters, and the results which have been accomplished
by their use, have been given in detail in previous reports.
(City Docs. Nos. 122 and 173, 1883.)
In all cases they have been found of great value in the
economical suppression of waste, and, as a result of the trials
made, the system has been adopted for permanent use.
Sixty-three meters have been ordered, and are now being
received and placed in position. These, with the 12 pre-
viously purchased, will supply the means of placing nearly,
if not quite all, of the residential portion of the city under the
control of the system.
Experiments have also been made with the Church waste-
detector and with the Bell waterphone.
The details of the experiments Avith the Church detector,
or stopcock, are given in detail in City Doc. No. 173.
The waterphone has been and is used in other large cities
of the country with good results, in the reduction of the con-
sumption ; in fact, this result can be accomplished by the use
of most of the so-called waste-detectors, by water-meters, and
by house-to-house inspection. ,
Any of these methods will, if faithfully carried out, accom-
plish a large saving in the consumption ; but what is desired
is the best means of accomplishing the saving, taking into
account facility of introduction and operation, convenience
to the public, and economy both of introduction and main-
tenance.
All the experiments which have been made in this city
have indicated that the Deacon system is the one which will
best fulfil the above conditions.
In order that the Deacon system may be worked to the
best advantage it is necessary to have shut-off cocks in the
sidewalks, for the purpose of testing the house services.
As the greater portion of our services are not yet provided
with these shut-offs the system cannot be used to the best
advantage ; but there is no question but the consumption can
be easily reduced to 60 gallons per head, — a saving of 33 per
cent, on the consumption of the past few years.
Quality.
The quality of the water from all of the sources of supply
has been better than for a few years past.
The " cucumber taste " has not been complained of, although
at times a slight trace of it was perceptible in water drawn
Eepoet of the Water Boaed. 41
from the pipes in the city proper. The algse have not been so
numerous in any of the sources of supply as to cause any
appreciable deterioration of the water.
The sewage contamination of the feeders of Lake Cochitu-
ate still continues, notwithstanding the efforts made by the
Board to stop it. On the Sudbury this contamination,
although comparatively trivial in extent at present, is a
growing evil, and measures should be taken to remove the
causes and prevent future extensions of the systems now in
operation in several of the towns located upon the water-shed.
On the Mystic, situated as it is, in a thickly populated valley,
the elimination of sewage from the feeders of the lake is
practically impossible ; and, although much has been and may
yet be done to preserve the purity of the supply, it is evi-
dent that it must, before many years, be abandoned.
The law in relation to the contamination of water-supplies,
enacted by the Legislature during its last session, gives the
necessary authority to prevent, to a large extent, the pollution
by sewage, now so common on all of our sources of supply.
DiSTRIBUTIOlSr.
The distributing mains of the Sudbury and Cochituate
works have been extended 50,260 feet during the year, and
those of the Mystic works 6,723 feet.
In addition to the above the 48-inch main from Chestnut
Hill reservoir has been extended from the junction of Bea-
con street and Commonwealth avenue through Common-
wealth avenue to West Chester park, a distance of 2,183
feet, and connected with the 40-inch main in Beacon street
by a 30-inch pipe 609 feet in length, and with the 36-inch
and 30-inch mains in Tremont street by a 24-inch main
4,429 feet in length.
The laying of these mains, and the reduction in the con-
sumption, have increased the pressure, so that the head through-
out the city is at present from 6 to 10 feet greater than it
was a year ago.
The rebuilding of Warren bridge necessitated the reloca-
tion of the 20-inch East Boston supply main, and the con-
struction of a new siphon. The main has been relaid for a
length of 1,400 feet with new pipes, and enclosed in a
substantial box under the northerly sidewalk of the bridge.
The cost of this work was about $15,200.
On the Cochituate works about two miles of pipes have
been relaid. With the exception of Warren bridge, and one
or two streets where the pipes were in poor condition, this
42 City Document No. 123.
relaying has been done with larger pipes, for the better fire
protection of certain districts of the city.
On the Mystic works 5,627 feet of the wrought-iron and
cement pipes have been replaced with coated cast-iron pipes.
The total length of supply and distributing mains connected
with the Cochituate works is 378 miles, and with the Mystic
works 147.2 miles.
General Condition and Kequirements of the Works.
The year 1883 was remarkable for the smallness of the
rainfall, and of the quantity of water which was collected
from the drainage areas of the several sources of supply.
The records show that the rainfall was the least since 1846,
and that the amount of water collected was smaller than any
year since sufficient data have been obtained to determine it.
On the Sudbury-river water-shed 11.02 inches were col-
lected, on the Lake Cochituate water-shed 10.11 inches, and
on the Mystic water-shed 9.34 inches. The average quanti-
ties collected on the different sources, since the records have
been kept, are as follows : Sudbury-river average for 9
years, 20.8 inches ; Lake Cochituate, average for 30 years,
21.18 inches ; Mystic lake, average for 8 years, 18.81 inches.
These figures show that during the year 1883 the amount of
water collected was only about 50 per cent, of the average
quantity.
As a result of this small rainfall, and a large consumption
during the summer months, our supply during the latter por-
tion of the year was at a very low stage. The storage reser-
voirs on the Sudbury were drawn down rapidly during the
summer, and Lake Cochituate was also drawn down so low
as to leave but a comparatively small quantity of available
water.
If the summer draft had been continued during the fall, as
it would undoubtedly have been if no measures had been taken
to prevent waste, all the Sudbury-river reservoirs would have
been empty on December 1, and the available supply from
the Sudbury and Cochituate works during the month of
December would have been about 7,000,000 gallons per day
less than the actual quantity used during the month. Another
season as dry as the last is extremely unlikely to occur the
present year ; but if it should, with the reduction in the con-
sumption efl^'ected by the means adopted for waste prevention,
the supply would be ample to meet all requirements. The
completion and filling of .Basin 4 will make the works of
ample capacity to supply the city for a number of years if
the reduction of consumption already effected can be main-
Eeport or THE Water Board. 43
tained, and the fear of a short supply of water which the citi-
zens were subjected to during the winter of 1883-84 will not
occur again if measures are taken to provide additional
storage capacity on the Sudbury as soon as the growth of the
city foreshadows the necessity for it.
With the completion of Basin 4 and the Farm-Pond con-
duit, and the deepening of the shallow flowage of Basin 3,
the necessity for large expenditures upon this division of the
works should cease for many years.
Lake Cochituate needs a new outlet dam ; but its construc-
tion is not an absolute necessity unless the present ones should
show more signs of weakness than they do now. In case of
a freshet when the lake was at high-water mark the means
of discharging the surplus water over or through the present
dams is entirely inadequate ; but with careful attention this
difficulty need not be a source of danger.
The increase in head in East Boston, due to the reduction
in the consumption by the prevention of waste, has rendered
it unnecessary to consider at present the question of a new
and more direct main to connect this section with the pipe
system of the city proper.
The Sudbury, Cochituate, and Mj^stic aqueducts are in
excellent condition, the two latter much better than they
have been in for years.
With this report will be found the usual statistical tables
in regard to the rainfall, consumption of water, yield of the
different water-sheds, etc., and a diagram, already alluded to,
presenting a synopsis of the fluctuations of the Sudbury-river
reservoirs and Lake Cochituate.
HENEY M. WIGHTMAN,
City Engineer, and Engineer Boston Water Board.
44
City Document No. 123.
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Yectrb/ Averages shoiv?t tftus
iiyCa SI/ TnmmtSt Botien
Report of the Water Board.
45
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52
City Document No. 123.
•IBOoiEjoijo-sqTOOI
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Eepoet of the Water Board.'
53
Rainfall on Lake Cochituate Water- shed for the Tear 1883.
%
C
u
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Ins.
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Ins.
Ins.
Ins.
Ins.
Ins.
Ins.
Ins.
Ins.
Ins.
1. . , ,
2 .
0.30
1.14
0.09
0.14
3
1.10
4
0.03
0.22
0.07
5. . . .
0.10
0.03
6. . . .
0.17
0.41
0.17
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
7. . . .
0.85
0.48
. . .
8. . . .
0.25
0.50
0.06
9 .
0.21
10. . . .
0.68
0.70
0.07
11. . . .
0.67
0.14
0.30
0.10
. . .
0.04
. . .
12 ... .
0.20
13. . . .
U. . . .
0.37
1.12
0.11
0.07
0.10
. . .
0.03
0.08
0.68
. . .
15. . . .
0.33
0.68
0.04
0.12
. . .
16 ... .
0.12
17. . . .
0.34
« .
. . .
0.08
0.46
0.17
0.50
18. . . .
0.08
. . .
0.11
. . .
. . .
0.08
19
0 15
0.40
20 ... .
0.15
0.51
0.48
0.02
0.03
0.05
0.32
21. . . .
0.69
0.38
22
2 15
23. . . .
0.56
0.06
0.09
. . .
24 ... .
0 24
0.89
1.40
0.10
0.40
25 ... .
0.34
0.38
26 ... .
0.10
27. . . .
0.06
0.14
1.46
0.80
28 ... .
0.28
0.07
0.04
0.40
0.32
(1.04
0.82
0.33
29 ... .
0.19
1.12
30. . . .
0.08
. . .
31. . . .
0.20
0.07
Total .
2.88
3.59
1.76
2.27
3.95
1.81
2.88
0.3 9
1.31
5.16
2.06
3.14
Total rainfall during year . 31.20 inches.
54
City Document No. 123.
Rainfall in inches and hundredths on the Sudhury-River Water-shed, for
the Year 1883.
1S83.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26,
27.
28,
29,
30,
31,
0.005
0.025
Total . 2.81 3.865 1.78 1
475
055
. 0
845 4.185 2.40 2
68 0.735 1
52 5.60 1.81 3.55
735
10
535
425
295
Total rainfall during year 32.78 inches.
Being an average of two gauges, located at Framingham and Southboro'.
Eepoet of the Water Board.
55
Rainfall in Inches and Hundredths on the Mystic-Lake Water-shed for the
Year 1883.
1883.
IS
a
.a
ft
^
^
ID
a
1-3
1-3
3
u
o
a
i
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1
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1 . . . .
0 05
2. . . .
3. . . .
l.lu
0.20
0.01
1.295
0.23
4 . . . .
0.02
0.23
0.215
0.02
0.01
6 . . . .
0.055
0.055
0 03
0 025
6. • . .
0.28
0.715
0.67
0.025
7 . . .
8. . . .
9 . • . .
0.21
0.37
0.385
0.055
0.21
0.085
10. . . .
11. . . .
12 ... .
0.27
0.675
0.77
0.085
0.02
0.155
0.23
0.085
0.02
0.055
0.12
0.035
0.035
0.005
13 ... .
0.25
1.45
0.185
0.03
0.135
0,795
0.265
0.17
14 ... .
15 . , . .
0.015
0.28
0.115
0.195
0.03
0.02
0.715
0.05
0.025
16. . . .
17. . . .
18. . . .
19 ... .
20 ... .
0.62
0.40
0.05
0.02
0.07
0.025
0.46
0.18
0.43
0.015
0.03
0.225
0.01
0.08
0.08
0.68
0.485
21 ... .
0.78
0.275
22 ... .
0.145
23. . , .
24. . . .
0.175
0.04
1.875
0.405
0.135
0.03
0.865
1.05
0.33
0.23
0.095
25 ... .
0.285
0.25
26 ... .
0.225
1.525
0.085
27. . . .
28. . . .
0.30
0.045
0.115
0.055
0.17
0.045
0.04
0.475
0.01
0.25
0.835
0.205
0.175
29 ... .
0.135
0.175
1.165
0.02
30. . . .
0.045
0.005
31. . . .
0.38
0.08
Totals .
2.67
3.065
2.22
2.47
3.585
1.635
2.785
0.87
1.495
5.45
1.98
2.996
Total rainfall during year 31.22 inches.
Being an average of two gauges, located at Mystic Lake and Mystic Station.
56
City Document Ko. 123.
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^
Report of the Water Board.
57
Table showing the Temperature of Air and Water at different Stations on
the Water Works.
Tbmpebatube of
AlB.
Temperature of
Water.
1SS3.
Mystic Pumping-
Station.
Chestnut Hill
Reservoir.
Parker-Hill
Reservoir.
Brookline
Reser'r.
Mystic
Eng.
Ho.
a
3
a
a
a
'a
i
1
a
3
a
M
a
3
a
i
a
es
i
3
a
1
a
3
a
a
a
1^
a
January .
46.
—1.5
22.2
44.
—5.
21.7
44.
0.
21.
37.8
37.8
February .
52.
1.
25.9
50.
2.
25.8
49.
7.
26.6
37.6
36.8
March . .
65.
28.6
55.
—2.
28.2
58.
4.
29.2
37.7
36.6
April . .
68.
21.
43.5
67.
21.
43.6
65.
20.
43.
45.2
42.7
May . . .
83.5
28.5
55.
85.
29.
56.7
80.
34.
55.6
56.7
56.
June . . .
86.5
41.
68.7
91.
43.
69.8
85.
49.
68.5
70.
71.5
July . . .
96.
51.
71.7
94.
51.
72.
91.
45.
71.
75.
75.4
August . .
September
91.
41.5
68.3
92.
41.
42.
72.
72.6
83.
37.
60.3
79.
37.
80.
40.
61.5
65.6
65.1
October .
79.
24.
48.3
78.
24.
47.7
77.
29.
48.4
54.6
54.5
November
66.
15.
41.3
67.
16.
41.2
65.
12.
42.9
44.6
44.9
December
55.
—13.
27.4
55.
—11.
27.1
53.
—14.
28.1
36.9
37.2
REPORT OF THE WATER REGISTRAR
OF THE
SUDBURY AND COCHITUATE DEPAETMENT.
Office of the Water Registrar, City Hall,
Boston, May 1, 1884.
Hon. Wm. A. Simmons, Chairman of the Boston Water
Board : —
Sir, — In compliance with section thirteen of the ordi-
nance regulating this department the Water Registrar here-
with submits his annual report for the year ending April
30, 1884.
The total number of water-takers now entered for the
year 1884 is 54,168, — being an increase of 1,351 over the
previous year.
The total number of cases where the water has been turned
oif for non-payment of rates is 592 ; of this number 499
have been turned on, leaving a balance of 93 remaining off.
The total revenue from the sale of water during
the financial year of 1883-84 is . . ^ $1,092,290 84
Received from the sale of water furnished in
previous years ..... 107,366 26
Received for turning on water in cases where it
had been turned off for non-payment of rates, 956 00
Received for summonses . . . 1,702 25
Received from all other sources, including
elevator, motor, and fire pipes . . 14,058 79
$1,216,374 14
The estimated income from the sale of water
during the year 1884-85 is . . . $1,260,000 00
Off and on water for non-payment, and fees, 2,800 00
Off and on for repairs .... 2,50000
Sundry receipts from service, fire, and elevator
pipes 13,500 00
$1,278,800 00
Eeport of the Water Board. 59
The expenditures of my department during
the year 1883 (including service-pipe branch
since July 1) have been .... $33,723 43
The total number ot meters now applied to the premises of
water-takers is 2,298.
Of this number 1,431 are |-inch, 198 |-inch, 521 1-inch,
31 1^-inch, 78 2-inch, 19 3-inch, and 14 4-inch, size. There
are also 217 elevators and 50 motors, with indicators attached
to register the quantity of water consumed.
There are 53 drinking-fountains established within the city
limits. Those marked * are arranged for continuous flow of
water. The balance have automatic fixtures, operating the
flow of water wlien required.
City Proper.
* Boston Common (6).
North square.
Washington street, opposite Blackstone square.
Atlantic avenue, junction Commercial street.
" " head of Howe's wharf.
Atlantic avenue, near*N.Y. & N.E. R.R. freight-house.
Hay market square.
Causeway street, at Boston and Lowejl R.R. depot.
" " junction Merrimac street.
Charles street, opposite the Jail.
" " between Boy Iston and Beacon streets.
" " near Boylston street.
Beacon street, near Charles street.
Tremont street, near Clarendon street.
Albany street, opposite water-works, pipe-yard.
Mt. Washington avenue, near the drawbridge.
East Boston.
Maverick square.
Central square.
Bennington street, junction Chelsea street.
South Boston.
Foundry street, opposite First street.
Fourth street, near Foundry street.
" " junction Emerson street.
" " corner of Q street. ■^
Telegraph Hill.
Sixth street, near P street.
Washington Village, junction Dorchester avenue and Dor-
chester street.
60 City Document No. 123.
Roxbwy.
Albany street, junction Dearborn street..
Beacon street, junction Brookline avenue.
* Eliot square.
Eustis street, near Washington street.
Heath street, near Tremont street.
Pynchon street, near Eoxbury street.
Tremont street, junction Cabot street.
West Roxhury.
Centre street, junction Day and Perkins streets.
Centre and LaGrange streets. West Roxbury village.
Morton street, junction South street.
Roslindale, Taft's Hotel.
Washington street, near Williams street.
Dorchester.
Commercial street, opposite Beach street.
Neponset avenue, corner Walnut street.
Upham's Corner.
Glover's Corner.
Grove Hall.
Brighton.
Barry's Corner.
Market street, Cattle-fair Hotel.
Union square.
Western avenue, Charles-river Hotel.
Washington street. Oak square.
There are 20 stand-pipes now located for street-sprinkling
purposes, as follows : —
Tremont street and Hammond park.
Clay street, corner Tremont street.
Eliot square.
Brookline avenue, corner Longwood avenue.
St. James street, corner Warren street.
Blue Hill avenue, between Waverley and Clifford streets.
Warren street, corner Gaston street.
Egleston square, corner Walnut avenue.
Upham's Corner.
Field's Corner.
Dorchester avenue, near Savin Hill avenue.
Dorchester avenue, at Old Boston line.
Eeport of the Water Board.
61
Beach street, Harrison square.
Union square, Brighton.
Washington street, corner Winship street, Brighton.
Chestnut Hill avenue, corner of South street.
Dudle}'' street, opposite Howard avenue.
Paris street, corner of Meridian street.
Corner Munroe, Wahiut avenue.
Near Francis, Tremont street.
Statement showing the number of houses, stores, steam-
engines, etc., in the City of Boston, supplied with water to
the 1st of January, 1884, with the amount of water-rates
received for 1883 : —
35,228 Dwelling-houses (54,082 families)
$510,809 61
1,786 Model-houses (8,361 tenements)
44,557 30
13 Boarding-houses
741 00
11 Lodging-houses
272 00
8 Hotels
405 00
5,101 Stores and shops
50,069 37
259 Buildings .
11,699 50
662 Offices .
5,710 30
2Q Public halls
312 50
1 Theatre .
32 50
28 Private schools .
579 25
30 Asylums .
1,924 58
5 Hospitals .
275 00
155 Churches .
2,308 70
3 Market-houses .
527 00
75 Greenhouses
1,041 00
56 Cellars .
340 08
132 Restaurants
2,835 90
997 Bars and saloons
12,892 41
10 Club-houses
350 46
20 Photographers .
518 33
1 Gymnasium
37 50
2 Laboratories
112 56
49 Packing-houses
1,481 50
2,028 Stables .
13,825 28
24 Factories .
564 75
2 Bleacheries
32 50
140 Bakeries .
1,658 94
10 Freight-houses .
145 00
3 Gasometers
47 00
1 Cemetery .
60 50
Amount carried forward
$666,167 32
62
City Document No. 123.
Amount brought fonoard
$666,167 32
6
Armories ......
113 13
119
Laundries ....
2,066 25
23
Railroad-stations . . . .
344 30
1
Ice Co. (washing ice)
15 00
5
Ship-yards . . . . .
70 00
1
Ship-yard and engine
40 00
2
Dry-docks and engine
50 00
111
Shops and engines
4,659 85
13
Factories and engines
617 05
8
Printing and engines . . . .
361 00
17
Stationary engines . . . .
719 25
54 Discharging and pile-driving engines
640 00
9
Pumping-engines . .
90 00
2,068
Hand-hose . . . . .
10,350 00
10
Fountains ....
155 00
19
T umbl er- washers
285 00
70
Beer-water pressures
347 50
7
Aquariums ....
50 00
9
Motors .....
45 00
Steam and tug-boats .
6,680 45
Street sprinkling . . . .
1,963 34
Building purposes . . .
3,921 00
Filling gasometers
284 00
Fire Department
87,055 00
Street Department
6,492 60
Health Department .
1,790 75
School Department .
1,130 00
Directors of Public Institutions .
401 00
Committee on Common and Squares
385 00
Paving Department .
268 50
Police Department
260 00
Common Sewer Department
2bQ 00
Public and Branch Libraries
236 00
Committee on Public Buildings .
136 00
Committee on Bridges
80 00
City Hospital (shop, stable, hose)
75 00
Quincy Market (public urinals anc
closets) .....
67 50
Committee on Armories
35 00
Lamp Department
20 00
Office (City Surveyor)
12 50
Metered Water (9 months)
276,928 63
Miscellaneous ....
42 00
$1,075,705 92
Eepoet of the Watee Board. 63
The following table exhibits the yearly increase of water-
takers since January 1, 1850 : —
Takers. Increase.
From January 1, 1850, to January 1, 1851, 13,463
1852, 16,076 2,613
1853, 16,862 786
1854, 18,110 1,308
1855, 19,193 1,023
1856, 19,998 805
1857, 20,806 808
1858, 21,602 796
1859, 22,414 812
1860, 23,271 857
1861, 24,316 1,045
1862, 25,486 1,170
1863, 26,289 803
1864, 26,851 562
1865, 27,046 195
1866, 27,489 443
1867, 27,754 265
1868, 28,104 350
1869, 29,738 1,634
1870, 31,500 1,762
1871, 36,132 4,632
1872, 38,716 2,584
1873, 40,688 1,972
1874, 42,345 1,657
1875, 44,676 2,331
1876, 46,885 2,209
1877, 48,328 1,443
1878, 49,970 1,642
1879, 51,523 1,553
1880, 52,268 745
1881, 53,254 986
1882, 53,655 401
1883, 52,817
1884, 54,168 1,351
a a
1851,
li it
1852,
a a
1853,
it a
1854,
a ii
1855,
li a
1856,
li ((
1857,
11 <i
1858,
(( i(
1859,
(( ((
1860,
(( ((
1861,
(( ((
1862,
a li
1863,
(( <c
1864,
(C ((
1865,
( C ( (
1866,
(( (<
1867,
(C ((
1868,
<( (C
1869,
li (<
1870,
(( ((
1871,
(( ((
1872,
I. ll
1873,
ii cc
1874,
( ( ( (
1875,
( ( C (
1876,
(( ((
1877,
(< ii
1878,
ii ii
1879,
(< ((
1880,
<( (C
1881,
11 cc
1882,
(< ((
1883,
64
City Document No. 123.
The following table exhibits the yearly revenue from the
sale of Cochituate water since its introduction into the city,
October 25, 1848; —
Ee
ceived
by Water Commissioners, as per
Auditor's report
in 1848
.
$972 81
From January 1, 1849, to January 1, 1850 .
71,657 79
1850,
1851 .
99,025 45
1851,
1852 .
161,052 85
1852,
1853 .
179,567 39
1853,
1854 .
196,352 32
1854,
1855 .
217,007 51
1855,
1856 .
266,302 77
1856,
1857 .
282,651 84
1857,
1858 .
289,328 83
1858,
1859 .
302,409 73
1859,
1860 .
314,808 97
1860,
1861 .
334,544 86
1861,
1862 .
365,323 96
1862,
1863 .
373,922 33
1863,
' • 1864 .
394,506 25
1864,
1865 .
430,710 76
1865,
1866 .
450,341 48
1866,
1867 .
486,538 25
1867,
1868 .
522,130 93
1868,
1869 .
553,744 88
1869,
1870 .
597,328 55
1870,
1871 .
708,783 68
1871,
1872 .
774,445 70
1872,
1873 .
862,704 08
1873,
1874 .
917,415 92
1874,
1875 .
977,020 48
1875,
1876 .
1,005,120 94
1876,
1877 .
1,029,643 70
1877,
1878 .
1,015,562 89
1878,
1879 .
1,010,584 30
1879,
1880 .
1,025,803 14
1880,
1881 .
1,039,896 17
1881,
1882 .
1,087,528 49
1882,
1883 .
1,127,982 32
1883,
1884 .
1,167,704 17
1884, to Ma
y 1, 1884 .
878,214 48
Eeport of the Water Board.
65
The following table exhibits the classes of premises to
which meters are attached, the amount of water consumed,
and the revenue received for the years 1882 and 1883.
Class of Premises.
Hotels
Boarding and Model Houses
Business purposes
Steam Railroads
Sugar Refineries
Factories and Machinists
Iron Works and Foundries
Mills and Engines
Marble and Stone Works
Gas Companies
Breweries
Oil Works , . . • . .
Chemical Works
Laundries
Restaurants
Stables
Theatres and Halls
Hospitals
Schools
City, State, and Government Buildings .
Steamers and Shipping
Elevators and Motors
Miscellaneous
Totals
Quantity
used.
Cubic feet.
24,485,301
2,021,091
31,686,454
22,862,737
23,740,678
18,333,023
12,792,679
6,209,426
2,756,264
7,100,885
9,999,689
1,828,034
2,997,126
280,691
2,308,938
9,118,710
222,015
1,960,844
1,276,994
9,341,694
2,981,399
16,671,397
2,550,244
213,526,313
Revenue
received.
$36,726 76
3,031 20
47,524 10
34,293 79
35,610 91
27,497 27
19,188 83
9,-313 47
4,134 24
10,651 21
14,999 16
2,741 97
4,495 54
421 01
3,462 75
13,676 12
332 95
2,941 16
1,915 18
14,012 31
4,596 10
25,005 59
3,213 80
$319,785 42
1883.
Quantity
used.
Cubic feet.
27,593,573
6,567,065
52,614,059
26,489,786
28,386,000
19,760,772
8,380,042
7,900,982
2,561,763
8,328,522
8,969,227
1,844,000
3,386,531
318,667
3,914,041
9,820,665
706,000
2,065,928
1,891,075
10,401,903
4,963,444
13,859,038
1,776,174
247,499,257
Revenue
received.
$41,390 36
9,850 60
78,921 08
39,734 68
35,079 00
29,641 15
12,570 06
11,851 47
3,842 64
12,492 78
13,453 84
2,766 00
5,079 80
478 00
5,871 06
14,731 00
1,059 00
3,098 89
2,836 61
15,602 85
7,565 44
20,788 56
2,370 34
$371,075 21
Respectfully submitted,
WM. F. DAVIS,
Water Registrar.
KEPOET OF THE WATER REGISTEAE OF THE
MYSTIC DEPAETMENT.
Office of the Mystic Water Eegistrar, City Hall Building,
Charlestown District, Boston, May 1, 1884.
Hox. Wm. a. Simmons, Chairman Boston Water Board: —
Sir, — I herewith submit tlie annual report of this de-
partment for the year ending April 30, 1884 ; —
The total number of water-takers now entered for the year
1884 is 17,579, distributed as follows: Charlestown Dis-
trict, 6,258 ; Somerville, 5,321; Chelsea, 4,929; Everett,
1,071.
The total amount of water-rates received during the finan-
cial year of 1883-84 is as follows : —
Charlestown District $116,99692
Somerville 76,614 40
Chelsea 62,635 35
Everett . 10,154 53
$266,401 20
Paid the cities of Somerville,
Chelsea, and town of Ever-
ett, as per contract . $37,508 51
Received for water used in
previous years . . . 16,490 45
Received for water used dur-
ing the year . . . 212,402 24
Received for labor and ma-
terial furnished for work
performed outside this de-
partment, but connected ,
with the Water Works . $1,454 49
Sale of old material . . 375 44
Oflf and on water for repairs . 272 00
,401 20
Amounts carried forward, $2,101 93 $266,401 20
Kepoet
or
THE W
ATER JbOARD.
67
Amounts brought forward,
$2,101 93
1266,401 20
Fines, waste
.
.
254 00
Fines, non-payment
.
.
222 00
Fees, summons
,
,
212 00
Maintaining meters
•
•
63 05
9 «f^9 Q«
Total amount received during year,
$269,254 18
The expenses of the office during the year ending April
30, 1884, including all charges for collection in Chelsea,
Somerville, and Everett, were $8,185.29. . '
Table shoiving the Number, of Places turned off for Non-jpayiinent of Rates
during the Year 1883, the Number turned on again, and the Number still
remaining off.
Number
turned off.
Number
turned on.
Number
remaining off.
47
90
51
10
46
77
49
7
1
13
Somerville
Everett
2
3
Totals
198
179
19
Stand-pipes for Street- Watering.
The whole number in use in this department is 35, dis-
tributed as follows : —
Oharlestown District.
Cambridge street, near Stickney & Poor's factory.
Railroad.
City stables.
Allen street.
Main street.
Rutherford avenue,
South Eden street,
Prescott
Monument square.
Harvard School buildino^.
Laurel street.
Ohelsea.
Cary square, corner Forsyth street.
Broadway, near Stockton street.
" " Cary avenue.
68
City Document No. 123,
Somerville.
"Washington street, corner Boston street.
" " " Myrtle street,
near Union square.
" Elm street.
" Laurel street.
" Poplar street.
Summer street,
ti a
Somerville avenue.
Broadway,
Somerville avenue
Spring street,
Beacon street,
Pinckney street.
Pearl street,
Highland avenue
Main street,
Med ford street.
Cambridge line.
Merriam street.
Mossland street.
Franklin street,
opposite public park.
" 439 Somerville avenue,
near " "
" Cooney street.
" Pearl street.
" Cross street,
corner Medford street,
junction Broadway.
near Sycamore street.
Everett.
Broadway, near Engine-house.
" " Pleasant street.
" " Chandler's.
Main street, " Chelsea street.
Chelsea " *' Winter street.
Ferry " " Nichols street.
Deinking-Fountaixs .
The whole number in use in this department is 20, dis-
tributed as follows : —
Charlestown District.
City Square, corner Park street. Automatic.
Bunker Hill street, corner Tufts street.
Canal street, " South Eden street.
Main street, " Hancock square.
" near Tufts wharf.
Austin street, opposite Front street.
Chelsea.
Broadway square.
" near brido;e. Automatic.
Winnisimmet street, near Ferry.
Pearl street, corner Marginal street.
Eastern avenue, corner Crescent avenue.
Eepoet or THE Water Board.
Somerville.
Union square.
Broadway, corner Walnut street.
Highland avenue, corner Walnut street.
Medford street, " Central street.
Davis square.
Broadway, opposite public park.
Somerville avenue, junction Washington street.
Everett.
Main street, junction Broadway.
69
Automatic.
Automatic.
Automatic.
70
City Document No. 123.
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Repoet of the Water Board.
71
The following Table exMhits the Classes of Premises to which 3Ieters are
applied, the Amount of Water consumed, and the Revenue received for the
Year JSS3 : —
Class or Premises.
Steam Railroads
Hoosac Tunnel Dock and Elevator Co,
City and government buildings ....
Schools
Stables . . . . ,
Factories
Chemical works
Foundries
Breweries
Gas companies
Oil works
Mills and engines
Hotels
Model houses
McLean Insane Asylum
Slaughter-houses
Business purposes
Wharves
Laundries .
Elevators and motors
Bakeries
Kestaurants
Miscellaneous
Total
Quantity used.
Cubic feet.
Revenue
received.
14,480,546
$21,720 00
1,217,720
1,826 38
3,273,696
4,910 54
1,652,654
2,478 78
3,094,032
4,640 85
6,446,120
9,668 68
2,232,001
3,348 00
838,951
1,258 00
745,423
1,118 00
239,725
359 89
336,156
504 23
1,537,001
2,305 50
394,659
591 99
715,754
1,073 63
1,524,170
2,286 25
3,153,507
4,730 00
1,203,651
1,805 40
771,071
1,157 60
462,048
693 07
145,854
218 78
276,987
415 48
243,107
364 66
428,299
642 44
45,413,132
$68,116 91
The quantity used through meters in the different districts
was as follows : —
Charlestown
Soraerville
Chelsea .
Everett .
Total
Cubic Feet.
28,736,661
10,020,303
5,389,919
1,266,249
45,413,132
Revenue.
143,102 93
15,030 31
8,084 33
1,899 34
,116 91
72
City Document No. 123.
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Eepoet or THE Water Board.
73
o o o
lO o oo
.000000000000
. 1-H C^ r-1 CD 10
( O 03 00 1-1 r-(
sr
.2 a3
■3
0 2
o a
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.0
o 2
- a; +j t^
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vh "'o -tJ C r^
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74
City Document No. 123.
Statement showing the amount of water-rates received
since the introduction of Mystic-pond water, November 29,
1865 ; also the amount paid by the several districts supplied
under existinsf contracts ; —
13
O g
-o o
'a "
d
o
■g fl
Total
amount
received.
Total
amount
paid under
contract.
Ket amount
to Mystic
Water
Works.
Charlestown,
«
«
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
$27,045 10
47,247 16
60,188 83
68,815 32
74,369 81
82,230 79
87,259 70
97,727 36
99,455 66
$27,045 10
47,247 16
60,188 83
68,815 32
74,869 81
82,230 79
87,259 70
97,727 36
99,455 66
«
1874
111,420 30
111,420 30
«
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
118,568 00
116,271 17
109,963 25
104,174 76
98,313 88
102,590 50
106,927 90
109,921 18
118,568 00
116,271 17
109,963 25
104,174 76
98,313 88
102,590 50
106,927 90
109,921 18
<i
1883
115,462 25
115,462 25
"May
1,1884
1870
78,194 56
78,194 56
$1,816,14748
$1,816,147 48
East Boston
$54,885 28
$15,015 06
$39,870 22
"
1871
63,371 71
18,348 73
45,022 98
«
1872
70,957 40
21,383 02
49,574 38
•'
1873
77,480 79
23,992 38
53,488 41
((
1874
77,776 91
24,122 83
53,654 08
«
1875
70,256 26
21,102 53
49,153 73
"
1876
72,046 78
21,818 74
50,228 04
"
1877
66,637 43
19,655 03
46,982 40
"
1878
65,088 96
16,535 63
48,553 33
"
1879
56,165 94
32,139 10
24,026 84
"
1880
50,973 39
10,889 36
40,084 03
725,640 85
$225,002 41
500,638 44
arried
forward
Amounts c
$2,541,78833
$225,002 41
$2,316,785 92
Eeport of the Watee Board.
75
3 '53
o o
1^
+3
o
Total
amount
received.
Total
amount
paid under
contract.
Net amount
to Mystic
Water
WorJiS.
Amounts brought
Chelsea, 186S
(6mos.)
" lb68-69
forward
$3,632 80
19,548 14
$2,541,78833
$225,002 41
$2,316,785 92
$544 92
2,932 22
$3,087 88
16,615 92
" 1869-70
26,474 26
4,294 85
22,179 41
'< 1870-71
31,161 56
5,290 39
25,871 17
" 1871-72
38,714 16
7,178 54
31,535 62
" 1872-73
42,239 50
8,171 85
34,067 65
" 1873-74
45,169 46
9,050 85
36,118 61
" 1874-75
50,644 51
10,757 90
39,886 61
" 1875-76
50,934 20
10,873 66
40,060 54
« 1876-77
49,893 35
10,468 02
39,425 33
«' 1877-78
39,496 59
10,348 99
39,147 60
" 1878-79
50,368 45
10,947 79
39,720 66
1879-80
51,785 24
11,214 09
•40,571 15
" 1880-81
54,990 65
12,496 26
42,494 39
" 1881-82
57,535 56
13,514 23
44,021 33
" 1882-83
61,510 34
15,104 14
46,406 20
" May 1,1884
60,566 74
14,726 70
45,840 04
744,665 51
157,615 40
587,050 11
Somerville, 1869
(6 mos.)
" 1870
$6,572 62
13,189 89
$985 89
1,978 49
$5,586 73
11,211 40
" 1871
20,029 68
3,005 94
17,023 74
'< 1872
25,275 13
4,055 02
21,220 11
" 1873
30,930 81
5,232 70
27.698 11
«• 1874
37,325 96
6,831 48
30,494 48
" 1875
47,912 43
9,873 73
38,038 70
1876
49,793 55
10,423 08
39,320 47
'< 1877
49,873 19
10,461 97
39,411 22
" 1878
53,581 31
11,932 52
41,648 79
" 1879
54,329 13
22,231 65
42,097 48
" 1880
56,988 65
13,295 45
43,693 20
" 1881
65,394 32
16,657 73
48,736 59
" 1882
69,656 63
18,362 65
51,293 98
" 1883
72,872 23
20,048 89
53,823 34
" May 1, 1884
60,518 15
14,707 26
45,810 89
715,193 68
160,084 45
555,109 23
forward
Amounts carried
$4,001,647 52
$542,702 26
$3,458,945 26
76
City Document No. 123.
<
■ eg
r§
0
o
l2i
Total
amount
received.
Total
amount
paid under
contract.
Net amount
to Mystic
Water
Worka.
Amounts brought
Everett, 1872-73
forward
$3,603 34
$4,001,647 52
$542,702 26
$3,458,945 26
$540 51
$3,062 83
1873-74
4,365 84
654 88
3,710 96
1874-75
4,677 58
701 63
3,975 95
1875-76
5,861 80
879 28
4,982 52
1876-77
6,548 38
982 26
5,566 12
' 1877-78
7,401 99
1,110 29
6,291 70
' 1878-79
7,429 06
1,114 36
6,314 70
1879-80
7,642 05
1,146 33
6,495 72
' 1880-81
8,329 87
1,249 47
7,080 40
< 1881-82
8,868 48
1,330 29
7,538 19
1882-83
9,946 46
1,491 98
8,454 48
' May 1, 1884
9,678 80
1,451 83
8,226 97
84,353 65
12,653 09
71,700 54
Tota
1 to May 1,1884
$4,086,00117
$555,355 35
$3,530,645 80
Eespectfully,
JOSEPH H. CALDWELL,
Mystic Water Registrar.
ANNUAL EEPOET SUPERINTENDENT
WESTERN DIVISION.
Chestnut-Hill Reservoir, May 1, 1884.
Hon. William A. Siivlmons, Chairman Boston Water
Board : —
Sir, — In compliance with a rule of the Board I submit
herewith the annual report of the Western Division for the
past official year, May 1, 1883, to May 1, 1884.
SuDBURY-ElVER BaSINS.
The water has been of the usual quality in these basins.
On May 10 algm appeared in Basin 3, and in a few days
spread entirely through the water.
The year was begun with a very severe drought, which did
not lessen as the season advanced, rendering the use of
nearly all the water in store necessary before January 1,
1884. Basin 2 was first drawn from ; and when it was emptied
extensive work for the improvement of the borders was
prosecuted. A certain amount of work was also undertaken
at Basin 3 after it had been emptied.
The rainfall from May 1 to December 1 was one foot in
depth less than the average for 32 years.
Something over a billion of gallons of the spring surplus
from the Sudbury river was run into Lake Cochituate.
These are the principal facts in regard to the Sudbury
supply. A more detailed account will be found under each
basin.
Basin 1.
On May 1, 1883, the surface of the water stood at eleva-
tion 157.48 above tide marsh, and water was running to
waste. May 12 two sets of stop -planks were placed on the
overflow, and on the 19th the water had reached high-water
mark. On June 25 waste was stopped, and the water re-
ceded gradually until January 2, 1884, when it stood at
grade 154.40, — the lowest point reached during the year.
On January 30 the surface had risen to the top of the
overflow, and waste began, which has continued to date.
78 City Document No. 123.
The highest level durhig the year was 159.68., on May 23,
1883. Water was drawn from this basin for the use of the
city from May 1 to May 10, and from February 1, 1884, to
date. The one and one-half million gallons per day which
is required by law to be run into the stream has been wasted
at the dam during the whole year.
Basin 2.
On May 1 this basin stood at elevation 106.04, and water
was wasting over the dam. On May 7 the flash-boards
were placed in position. On May 23 high- water mark was
reached, and waste began, which continued until May 31,
when the basin was drawn from for the use of the city. On
July 28 the surface had fallen to 151.00, and it became
evident that the work of filling up and excavating the shallow
flowage might be proceeded with. The water was accord-
ingly drawn down still further, to a height varying from grade
149.00 to 150.00, and thus confined to the bed of the original
stream, leaving the whole bottom bare.
The following report, which was submitted to the City
Engineer on the completion of the work, will give an idea of
the number of cubic yards of material moved, and its dis-
tribution : —
" Western Division Boston Water Works, March, 1884.
Heney M. Wightman, Esq., Engineer Boston Water
Board : —
Sir, — Herewith you will please find my report on the
'Shallow flowage of Basin 2.'
During the early part of the summer of 1883 the water in
Basin 2, of the Sudbury-river system, was used for the sup-
ply of the city, and by the middle of July the surf ice had
been drawn down below the old meadows bordering the orig-
inal stream.
The season being extremely dry, the only w^ater left was
a small thread confined to the bed of the old Sudbury-river
channel, and yielding on some days only 3,000,000 or
4,000,000 of gallons.
After the water in the basin had receded, the sides drained
rapidly, and were soon in a favorable condition to treat for
shallow flowage. Stated briefly, this treatment, as recom-
mended by the ' Commissioners on Investigation of Water-
Supply,' was to fill up all the shallow places around the mar-
gin and excavate others, so as to leave nowhere less than
8 feet of water in the basin when full.
During the latter part of July, an accurate survey was
Report of the Water Board. 79
made of the work to be undertaken. Mr. E. C. Appleton,
C.E., was appointed Assistant Engineer, with your con-
currence, and remained until its completion. Mr. W. W.
Castle was appointed general foreman, in charge of laborers
and teams. On the 27th of July a small working force was
organized, and set to work in advance of the engineering plans,
in a place where it was obvious that the work could be done
to advantage. On August 6 I was enabled to make a re-
port, showing sections of the valley at the upper end of the
basin, with the position of the loam and gravel to be moved,
and its distribution.
The work at this time by day's labor was confined to that
portion of the basin marked 'B' on the accompanying plan,
and embraced both sides of the basin lying between the
B. & A. R.R. on the north, and the highway between Ashland
and Framingham on the south.
On August 13 the Boston Water Board employed
Messrs. Munson & Co. to excavate 30,000 cubic yards of
loam and gravel, in the section marked ' C,' at the cost of
28 cts. per cubic yard. On Sept. 17, this amount having
been moved in a satisftictory manner, Munson & Co. were
further employed by the Water Board to excavate 25,000
cubic yards additional, at the same price and under the same
conditions. This work was prosecuted during the remainder
of the season.
As the autumn ushered in a period of great drought, and
the soil in every part of the basin was in a more favorable
condition for working than could have been anticipated, the
work on shallow liowage was laid out on a moi'e comprehen-
sive scale, embracing every portion of the basin. When the
engineer corps were not occupied in the duties of estimating
and laying out work they were directed to push on the cross-
sectioning in the lower portions of the basin.
The excavations in Section ' B ' proved to be more diffi-
cult than in any other portion. On the north bank of the
main stream the deposits were almost wholly loam, which
was very easily removed. On the southerly portion, how-
ever, and at the same level, was found cemented gravel with
considerable rock. As this material lay above the shallow
flowage line it had to be removed as well as the loam. The
gravel was used for the facing, or water side of the embank-
ments, and the loam was placed in the rear, as the accompa-
nying representative sections will show, that portion shaded
red in the drawing being the gravel dike. The red lines
show the new grades formed by the process of excavating
and filling, and the black line shows the old surface of the
gravel. Near the site of the old mill, in the vicinity of the
80 City Document No. 123.
Ashland road, was found a mass of solid rock, stumps,
gravel, and loam, mixed in most curious confusion. The
total number of cubic yards of excavation in Section ' B '
was 17,584, of which 9,754 were loam, 4,200 cemented
gravel, 2,010 loose rock, and 1,620 solid rock. In addition
to this labor the wings of the stone arches under the rail-
way had to be protected by heavy paving, and the embank-
ment by riprap, placed by hand. The slopes adjoining the
highway bridge were also paved for a distance of 100 feet
from the bridge. There were laid 2,070 square yards of rip-
rap, and 741 square yards of heavy stone paving, not less
than 2 feet in thickness. South of the highway (section
marked 'A' on plan) 200 cubic yards of sand, gravel, and
boulders were excavated, and 237 square yards of riprap
placed. When Section 'B' was completed, the force, con-
sisting of about 100 men and 15 double teams, were moved
down the valley to section ' D,' below the small dam.
The force employed by Munson & Co. in Section 'C
averaged 5 foremen, 71 men, and 15 double teams, for 75
days. Their work was faithfully executed, and the margin
of profit must have been very small.
Adjoining the railway the bottom was taken out to grade
157.00, and near the small dam to 155.00; a uniform de-
scending grade connected the two points. The average grade
of the new bottom in this section being 156.00, and tlie water
line of the overflow of the main dam 165.87, leaves, for the
future, about 10 feet depth of water at this point.
The embankments were carried to grade 170.00. The
annexed plan shows an average section. The total excava-
tion was 53,867 cubic yards, composed of 33,085 cubic yards
of loam, 10,000 cubic yards of sand and gravel, and 10,000
cubic yards of cemented gravel. In addition to these quan-
tities there were moved 760 cubic yards of loose rock and
22 cubic yards of solid rock ; and 1,195 square yards of rip-
rap, 17 square yards of paving, and 111 cubic yards of box
culvert masonry, were laid. The last three items were exe-
cuted by the city.
In this portion of the basin there was an ample supply of
excellent gravel, and the sfrades were so arrang^ed as to include
just enough of this material to form protecting dikes, with
slopes of 3 horizontal to 1 vertical on the water front.
The section below the small dam, marked 'D' on plan,
embraces that portion of the basin between the small dam and
the old highway which crosses the valley in the neighborhood
of Cutler's mill. This section was almost entirely devoid of
gravel, necessitating the liberal use of paving and riprap to
protect the sandy slopes.
Kepoet of the Water Boaed. 81
The former muddy bottom was just below the limit fixed
on for shallow flowage ; but as the material was of an objection-
able nature, audit could be used to good advantage in filling a
large shallow area near the railroad, it was decided to remove
a certain portion, amounting to 13,066 cubic yards. In
addition to this work the following amounts were excavated
within the limits of shallow flowage, — 6,408 cubic yards of
loam, 1,765 cubic yards of sand and gravel, 2,168 cubic yards
of loose rock, and 505 cubic yards of solid rock. The total
excavation in this section amounted to 23,912 cubic yards.
There were laid at this point 8,868 square yards of riprap
and 248 cubic yards of culvert masonry. No other work than
that by day's labor was done in this section, the uncertain
nature of the material and the quantities rendering it more
advantageous for the city to do the work. The force con-
sisted of about 150 men and 20 double teams. It may be of
interest to state here that the steep banks of the valley were
sometimes found to be covered with several feet of loam, in
places extending to the depth of 5 or 6 feet, notwith-
standing the gravelly appearance on the surface caused by
wave action. This loam was either removed to the gravel, or
covered with better material and riprapped.
The old highway at Cutler's mill was removed to the
shallow flowage line. It is marked on plan '^ Old Eoad.'
From this road 1,620 cubic yards of sand and gravel, and 810
cubic yards of loose rock, were removed. Total excavation,
2,430 cubic yards.
The next section, marked 'E' on plan, extends from the
old highway to the new road crossing the basin with an iron
bridge. From the meadows on this section 15,965 cubic
yards of muck and loam were excavated below the limits of
shallow flowage ; of this 10,856 cubic yards were removed, at
a cost of 35 cents per cubic yard, by Munson & Co., under
an agreement with the Boston Water Board, dated Oct. 3.
The force employed averaged 16 men and 12 double teams
for 36 days.
The larger portion of this material was placed around the
shallow margins of the small, isolated basin lyiug between
the highway and the railroad at Park's corner. The average
haul was 1,500 feet.
The quantities removed from Section " E ' within the limits
of shallow flowage were 2,505 cubic yards of loam, 2,825
cubic yards of sand and gravel, and 420 cubic yards of loose
rock. Total excavation, 21,715 cubic yards. In addition to
these amounts 1,011 square yards of riprap were placed by
hand.
As there was very little shallow flowage in this section the
82 City Document No. 123.
work at this point consisted principally of trimming off the
loamy slopes and removing stamps.
There remains below Section ' E ' the large basin extend-
ing from the highway to the main dam. In this section,
marked 'F' on plan, the bulk of shallow flowage was con-
fined to the Nevins place, on the easterly side, and an ex-
tended area on the westerly shore, adjoining the dam. The
latter portion was improved by Munson & Co., under an
agreement with the Boston Water Board, dated Nov. 3,
at a cost of 30 cents per cubic yard. The average force
employed by Munson & Co. at this point was 28 men and
10 double teams for 25 days. The material removed con-
sisted of 2,622 cubic yards of loam, 5,844 cubic yards of
sand and gravel, making a total of 8,466 cubic yards. Besides
this amount there were excavated in shallow flowage 4,355
cubic yards of loam, 9,226 cubic yards of sand and gravel,
and 74 cubic yards of loose rock. Below shallow flowage
grade 6,300 cubic yards of muck were removed. There is
still left a limited amount of work to be done in this section,
and it is believed that enough remains of the appropriation
to complete it. With this exception the whole basin has
been treated for shallow flowage.
The total quantity of material excavated in all the various
sections amounts to 148,129 cubic yards of loam and gravel,
and there have been laid 13,381 square yards of riprap, 758
cubic yards of stone paving, and 359 cubic yards of culvert
masonry.
The whole cost of this work has been $71,472.18, dis-
tributed as follows : —
139,640 cubic yards loam and gravel exc.
® 333V0C.
13,381 square yards riprap, (a) $1.00 .
6,342 cu. yds. loose rock, (d) $1.00 .
2,147 " " solid " (0) $2.00 .
758 sq. yds. heavy paving, (a) $1.50 .
$46,318 18
13,381 00
6,342 00
4,294 00
1,137 00
Total $71,472 18
The appropriation by the City Council was $80,000, leav-
ing a balance of $8,527.82 remaining, to be expended on
Section 'F.'
It may be stated that the work already accomplished will
give much more than the 8 feet of water originally contem-
plated in the scheme for removing the shallow flowage.
The slopes, as a general rule, have been made of coarse gravel,
with inclinations of 3 horizontal to 1 vertical. Points
Eeport of the Water Board.
83
especially exposed to wash have either been paved or rip-
rapped. Where stone excavation adjoined the new dikes
the slopes were made of a steeper inclination, and pro-
tected with the stone.
Accompanying the report you will find a contour map of
the valley, and sheets embracing sections, showing the former
and present surfaces.
Very respectfully yours,
DESMOND FITZGERALD,
Resident Engineer and Superintendent."
Work done on Shallow Flow age Basin No. II. between August 1 and
December 3i, 1883.
Shallow Flowage.
at
fa
MPs
=4
>
a
M
H CO
SS
H
si)
a
Subdivi^oii.
Loam.
Sand
and
Gravel.
Cement-
ed
Gravel.
Loose
Rock.
Solid
Rock.
l§
O
Cu.
yds.
Cu.
yds.
Cu.
yds.
Cu.
yds.
Cu.
yds.
Cu.
yds.
Cu.
yds.
8q.
yds.
Sq.
yds.
Cu.
yds.
"A" "A" .
9,754
33,085
6,408
2,505
6,977
100
10,000
1,765
1,620
2,825
15,070
4,200
10,000
100
2,010
760
2,168
810
420
74
200
17,584
53,867
23,912
2,430
21,715
28,421
237
2,070
1,195
8,868
"B" . . .
"0" . . .
"D" . . .
" Old road "
1,620
22
505
13,066
741
17
Ill
248
"E" . . .
15,965
6,300
1,011
"F" ...
58,729
31,380
14,200
6,342
2,147
35,331
148,129
13,381
758
359
On January 2, 1884, the basin began to rise rapidly,
and before the end of the month water was wasting over the
dam. The highest point reached during the year was 167.45,
on May 24; and the lowest, 148.55, on October 2.
Water has been drawn for the use of the city from this basin,
from May 10, 1883, to February 1, 1884, without inter-
ruption.
The iron bridge on Fountain street has been thoroughly
scraped and painted during the year.
A new road has been built, leading from the main highway
to Dam 2, and during the period of low water the gates in
the gate-house were painted.
84 City Document No. 123.
Basin 3.
On May 1, 1883, Basin 3 stood at elevation 175.43, and
water was running over the dam. On July 13 waste was
stopped, and the surface was maintained at the level of the
overflow until July 19, when water was drawn for the use
of the city. The surface then fell gradually until December
24, at which time it stood at 154.00, — the lowest point
reached during the year. On January 9 no more water
was drawn, and the surface then rose gradually until Feb-
ruary 8, when water began to waste over the dam, which
has continued to date in varying quantities. The highest
point reached during the year was 175.98, on February 14.
Water was used from this source for the supply of the city
from July 19 to October 27, 1883, and from November 3
to January 9, 1884.
On May 10 algoe made their appearance, and spread
rapidly. As a general rule the taste of the water was better
at a distance of 5 or 6 feet from the surface than elsewhere.
No complaint was heard from the use of this water iii the
city ; in fact, it is probable that a large part of the algae
had been dissipated before reaching the city mains.
During the autumn a considerable amount of the upper
portion of this basin was treated for " shallow flowage." The
whole of one meadow was excavated, and embankments
formed over the shallow portions, transforming what was
rather a disagreeable marsh into a small basin, with nowhere
less than 8 feet of water, and with gravelly sides and
bottom. Owing to the impracticability of securing boarding-
houses for the men sent to work at this point, a series of
shanties were erected, with a common dining-room and
kitchen in the centre, thus accommodating about 100 men.
The gates in the gate-house were overhauled and painted
during the period of low water, and the stop-planks at all the
basins have been rejointed and painted.
Farm Pond.
The water in this pond has varied in quality according to
the source from which the city was drawing. On July 12,
some spongilla lacustris appeared on the screens, and more
or less of this growth was found fastened to the fascines that
were used to protect the water side of the embankment of
the canal. On May 1 the pond stood at elevation 149.23,
and was kept at this point until July 29, when it was
lowered 2 feet to allow for the retaining of any surplus
water from the basins in case of a heavy rain, and to avoid
Eeport of the Water Board. 85
interfering with work on Basin 2. Early in January the sur-
face was allowed to rise again, since which time the pond
has been kept practically full.
Aqueduct from Dam 1.
During the drought this aqueduct was cleaned for the first
time since its construction. Its situation below the level of
Farm pond renders it difficult of access. The brick-work
was found covered with sponge.
Lake Cochituate.
On May 1, 1883, the surface of the lake stood at ele-
vation 133.71, — about 8 inches below high-water mark.
The w^ater having risen to 134.36, on the 24th, the stop-
planks were removed from the dam, and the water was wasted
until the 28th. The surface of the lake fell steadily during
the summer, and by the middle of September it had reached
the top of the aqueduct. On the 27th the pumps and boilers
were removed from Chestnut-Hill reservoir, and taken to the
lake, in anticipation of their use should the water recede
much lower. In October, the drought still continuing, it
became evident that pumping \xould have to be resorted to
for filling the aqueduct ; and, under the advice and direction
of the City Engineer, the machinery was located on the
platforms near the gate-house. Temporary houses were
built over the pumps, engines, and boilers. On November
26 the machinery was started, and continued to supply the
city until January 14, when the pumps were stopped.
The lowest point reached b}' the lake during the year was
grade 124.07, on January 8, 1884, — 3 feet above the invert,
or nearly 2 feet lower than the lowest point reached the pre-
ceding year.
Early in February, there being a large surplus of water
flowing in the Sudbury river, it was decided by the City
Engineer to fill the lake from the river, and the Sudbury was
accordingly turned into Course brook to the extent of over
1,000,000,000 gallons. On March 7 the stop-planks were
taken out of the dam, and waste was begun, which has
continued in varying quantities to the present date, and
has amounted to more than the whole amount turned in
from the river.
The quality of the lake water has been excellent through-
out the year. Analyses have been made from different points
on the works, including the Sudbury and Cochituate water-
sheds, the aqueducts, reservoirs, and service-pipes. Samples
86 City Document No. 123.
have been collected, and sent to Prof. E. S. Wood, of Har-
vard Medical College, who has made the analyses.
Dudley Pond.
This pond, which stood 4 feet 11 inches below high- water
mark, was turned into the lake on September 8. On No-
vember 5 flow from this source was stopped, the water
then being 11 feet below high-water mark.
SUDBURY-RIVER AqUEDUOT.
This aqueduct has been in use throughout the entire year,
except when shut off for cleaning. The amount of water run
through has varied from 4,000,000 to 40,000,000 gallons
daily. Total for the year, 7,566,300,000 gallons. During
the last week in May, 1883, this structure was cleaned its
entire length, and again in February, 1884. A year is too
long a time to allow to elapse between cleanings. Owing to
the low stage of water last year the water for cleaning could
not be spared.
In May a small amount of rock was removed from the
Badger-Hill tunnel, and small patches of sponge were noticed
at different points along the line. In the cleaning of Febru-
ary more sponge was found, and the brick-work was very
dirty. From Rosemary brook easterly the brick-work is
always cleaner than in a westerly direction. A fibrous
growth, with mud, is found in patches between Farm pond
and Rosemary brook, principally on embankments, where it
clings to the sides with the greatest tenacity.
Some 15 tip-cart loads of stone were removed from the
Beacon-street tunnel, and it is evident that a portion of the
tunnel between Stations 801 and 803 will have to be arched.
An attempt has been made to systematize the work of
cleaning, and some progress in this direction has been
made during the year. It is found that an average day's
work is 850 lineal feet of conduit, or 8,350 square feet of
brick surface, swept three times per man. This estimate
is formed on the present flow- line of water in the aqueduct.
When the consumption increases materially, the lineal feet,
but not the square feet, will decrease. It is found necessary
to sweep only about a foot above the water-line. This esti-
mate does not include the expelling of the dirt after it has
been dislodged. Usually reliance has been made upon
flushing to accomplish this end ; but it is impossible to do
this part of the work thoroughly in this manner. The
following method has been found effective, but one require-
Eeport of the Water Board. 87
ins: considerable time. The work of cleanino- is carried on
up stream. A greater head of water is then let on, amount-
ing to 6,000,000 gallons per day, or about a foot in depth.
The men then work down with the current, stirring up the
deposits, and sweeping the invert clean. Experiments are
now in progress for doing this portion of the work by a
machine.
The modus operandi of cleaning is as follows : the water
having been drained out during the night, the men enter in
gangs of 7 the next morning, each man armed with a
corn broom, rubber boots, and a tin reflector, holding two
candles strapped to the thigh. Three men work on each
side of the aqueduct. The seventh man works on the bot-
tom, with a rattan broom. This triple sweeping leaves the
brick-work of the sides clean, and the dirt dislodged from the
bottom, at a cost of $400.
During the season the concrete covering of the Waban
and Charles-river bridges were coated with a one-half inch
layer, to fill the cracks and make a new surface, at a total
cost of $1,350.
The grade of Leach's lane was raised during the year,
occasioned by the laying of a water-pipe by the town of
Natick.
Permanent iron ladders, of a special design, were provided
for 5 of the manholes most frequently used. They do not
interfere with the flow of the water. They were inserted at
the following points : Leach's lane, Waban bridge, Welles-
ley town-farm, Charles-river bridge, and westerly end of
Beacon-street tunnel.
A large amount of loam has been applied to the embank-
ments during the past year. Trees have been set out on
each side of the Waban embankment. The Conant farm
shed has been removed to the westerly siphon chamber,
where it is used for the storage of lumber and tools. About
a mile of new fencinsT has been built.
CocHiTUATE Aqueduct.
Five and one-half feet of water were run in this structure
from May 1 to August 17, when the head was raised to 7
feet, or 8 inches over the top of the arch. This height was
maintained until September 12, when the lake began to re-
cede below this elevation, and, in consequence, the water in
the aqueduct followed the level outside the gate-house. On
November 26 about 4 feet of water were maintained by
pumping, and on February 5, when the flow through the
head gates had been resumed, and the lake had risen to a
88 City Document No. 123.
sufficient height, 6 feet of water were run. This height has
been maintained steadily until the present date.
Water has been shut off twice, during the year, for the pur-
pose of cleaning. On May 31 and June 1 the whole
length of the aqueduct was swept from the lake to Brook-
line reservoir. Considerable sponge was found growing in
the upper portion, but it had attained a length of but one-
half inch. The brick-work was quite dirty. The second
cleaning occurred January 21, 22, and 23, 1884. There
was about the same amount of dirt and sponge as was
found in May. In the Brookline tunnel sewage was found
leaking through the seams in the ledge, and it undoubtedly
comes from adjoining estates. It is to be hoped that some
action will be taken by the Board to stop this evil. The
cleanings referred to were thoroughly done, but should be
prosecuted once in 6 months to keep the brick-work clean.
The same methods of cleaning have been pursued as al-
ready described under the head of the Sudbury-river aque-
duct. The average work of sweeping, per man per day, has
been found to be 10,600 square feet of brick-work swept
three times, or 600 lineal feet of conduit. The cost is about
$350.
Very little work has been done in the way of repairs
during the year. On the exterior some of the manholes near
the lake have been partially rebuilt, and protected against
the action of frost. The whole line has been cleaned of
bushes by mowing.
Chestnut-Hill Eeservoie.
This reservoir has been in constant use throughout the
year. The water has been quite evenly good. The usual
meteorological and other observations have been made, and
considerable work in the way of permanent improvement of
the grounds has been accomplished. Some of the loam from
Basin 4 has been used for the grading of a lawn near the
stone stable. All the gate-houses, etc., are in excellent
condition. A table of rainfall, showing the time of the
beginning and ending of each rain or snow, is appended.
Brookline Eeservoir.
The grounds and structures connected with this reservoir
are in good order. JSTo new work has been done at this
point during the year.
Very respectfully,
DESMOND FITZGERALD.
Superintendent.
Keport of the Water Board.
89
Table of Rainfall at Chestnut-Hill Reservoir, for Tear ending Dec. 31, 1883.*
a
d
1
0
o
a
O t,
c o
m
Duration.
a>
d
M
° u
Duration.
Jan.
2
5
.03
Snow
during night.
10.30 p.m.
April 5
« 7
.02
)
Shosv-
ers
Rain
7.30 a.m. to 1.30 p.m.
5.15 a.m.
"
6
■ .47
"
to
" 8
|.3,
and
Snow
to
10.30 a.m.
"
7
J
5.00 a. m
" 11
.10
Show-
6.30 a.m. to 7.00 p.m.
"
10
.27
"
3 a.m. to 5.30 p.m.
" 12
)
7.45 p.m.
<i
13
)
7.30 p.m.
1.11
Rain
to
J .32
Rain
to
" 13
5.00 a.m.
"
14
)
8 a.m.
" 20
.38
«
9.15 a.m. to 4.00 p.m.
(I
17
.38
Rain&
Snow
3.00 to 10.00 p.m.
" 23
)
Rain
9.15 a.m.
"
19
.12
Snow
1.30 to 8.30 p.m.
" 24
|..
and
Snow
to
7.00 a.m.
"
20
i .80
Rain
7.15 p.m.
to
**
21
)
3.45 a.m.
Total .
2.26
"
28
1 .26
5.30 a.m.
to
4 a.m.
"
29
May 5
.10
Rain
10.30 to 11.00 p.m.
CI
R1
.47
<i
12.05 to 4.00 p.m.
" 11
" 14
.16
1.00 to 5.15 p.m.
9.00 p.m.
Total .
3.12
\ .80
<<
to
" 15
" 22
)
8.00 a.m.
6.30 a.m.
Feb.
?.
Snow
5.25 a.m.
[ 1.00
and
to
[ 2.28
"
to
"
4
}
Rain
4.00 a.m.
" 23
)
1.30 a.m.
"
6
).,,
Snow
and
10.30 p.m.
to
'< 23
.06
"
12.05 to 1.30 p.m.
*'
7
)
Rain
1.15 p.m.
" 23
!...
«
7.00 p.m.
to
"
11
.57
Snow
12.15 a.m. to 2.30 p.m.
" 24
)
5.00 a.m.
"
15
.20
"
1.40 a.m. to 6.30 p.m.
" 27
.14
"
1.30 to 5.30 a.m.
"
18
20
.11
.05
"
6.20 to 9.30 a.m.
7.15 to 10..30 p.m.
" 31
.47
"
4.15 to 4.55 p.m.
"
"
25
.54
Rain
6.30 a.m. to 5.30 p.m.
Total .
4.25
j^
28
.06
Snow
12.30 to 6.00 a.m.
Jime 6
" 6
" 7
.47
,10
.21
Rain
12.55 to 2.00 p.m.
6.00 to 11.55 p.m.
7.00 to 11.55 p.m.
Total .
3.32
March 6
.18
Snow
11.45 a.m to 10.00 p.m.
" 11
.04
"
6.00 to 7.00 a.m.
"
10
.75
Rain
12.30 to 9.30 p.m.
" 11
.25
<<
5.00 to 5.35 p.m.
"
20
.65
"
3.50 to 7 a.m.
" 13
.16
«
3.05 to 8.30 p.m.
"
27
.06
Snow
7.45 to 11.45 p.m.
" 17
.08
<<
7.30 to 9.45 a.m.
"
30
.06
"
during night.
« 19
" 21
.12
.05
**
5.15 to 9.45 a.m.
2.45 to 3.15 p.m.
Total .
1.70
* Gauge 14.85 inches in diameter 2| ft. above ground.
90
City Document No. 123.
Table of Rainfall at Chestnut-Hill Reservoir. — Concluded.
6
11
a
B °
m
June 27
\ .49
,,
" 28
)
" 29
.59
"
Total .
2.56
July 2
.29
Rain
.. 4
.08
"
" 5
.02
Show-
ers
" 8
.51
Rain
" 13
.25
"
" 15
.03
Show-
ers
" 18
.28
Rain
" 28
.20
"
" 28
1.75
,,
" 29
)
Total .
2.41
Aug. 13
.07
Rain
" 16
.17
"
" 23
.04
"
Total .
.28
Sept. 5
.03
Rain
" 9
.04
"
" 13
.05
Show-
ers
" 17
.08
Rain
" 24
1.77
i<
" 25
]
" 29
.03
"
" 30
.31
"
Total .
1.31
Oct. 2
1.24
Rain
" 12
.10
"
Duration.
3.00 p.m.
to
8.45 a.m.
4.30 to 5.05 p.m.
6.00 to 8.30 p.m.
8.00 to 11.10 p.m.
11.30 a.m. to 11.45p.m.
3.30 to 4.30 a.m.
8.45 to 10 p.m.
3.30 to 5.00 a.m.
3.30 to 6.15 a.m.
10.30 a.m.
to
3.30 a.m.
7.00 to 8.10 p.m.
12.30 to 7.00 p.m.
8.30 to 9.15 p.m.
7.15 to 7.30 a.m.
8.00 to 9.15 a.m.
during day.
6.45 to 9.50 p.m.
4.00 p.m.
to
12.45 a.m.
8.45 to 9.30 p.m.
9.45 a.m. to 10.00 p.m.
9.45 a.m. to 7.00 p.m.
6.30 a.m. to 2.00 p.m.
0
1
d
a o
03
Oct. 13
" 14
1 .89
"
" 20
.19
"
" 23
" 24
1 1.65
"
" 26
.15
"
" 29
" 30
1-
"
Total .
5.33
Nov. 9
.21
Rain
" 10
.03
"
" 11
.04
"
" 16
.02
Snow
" 23
.10
Rain
" 24
.10
"
" 26
" 27
1 1.51
c<
Total .
2.01
Dec. 2
.01
Snow
" 2
.17
Rain
" 5
.02
"
8
.05
"
" 16
" 17
1 .85
Snow
" 18
.05
"
" 19
.43
"
" 21
" 24
" 25
.55
.44
.33
Snow
and
Rain
Snow
" 27
" 28
i .34
Rain
Total .
3.24
Duration.
7.30 p.m.
to
4.15 p.m.
6.30 a.m. to 11.00 p.m.
9.30 p.m.
to
11.15 p.m.
12.45 to 4.50 p.m.
3.30 a.m.
to
5.80 a.m.
1.50 to 4.10 p.m.
4.50 to 8.00 p.m.
6.30 to 9.30 p.m.
8.15 to 9.50 a.m.
5.00 to 7.30 a.m.
3.00 to 5.00 p.m.
5.30 p.m.
to
2.45 a.m.
In morning.
9.15 a.m. to 2.15 p.m.
6..30 to 8.30 a.m.
8.30 to 9.30 p.m.
6.45 p.m.
to
4.45 p.m.
8.00 to 11.30 a.m.
8.00 a.m. to 9.15 p.m.
4.45 a.m. to 4.45 p.m.
1.00 a.m. to 3.00 p.m.
6.00 to 11.15 p.m.
10.30 a.m.
to
3.00 a.m.
Total for year 31.79 inches.
EEPOET OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF
THE EASTEEN DIVISION.
Boston, May 1, 1884.
W. A. Simmons, Esq., Chairman Boston Water Board: —
Sir, — My report for the year ending with April 30th, I
herewith respectfully submit. Beyond the usual work of
laying main-pipes by petitions, introducing new service-
pipes by application, and the general maintenance of the
whole during the season, there have been laid 2,183 feet of
48-inch main from the four corners on Beacon street through
new Commonwealth avenue to West Chester park (its
terminus for the present) ; 609 feet of 30-inch in West
Chester park, connecting this main with the 40-inch on
Beacon street ; 4,429 feet of 24-inch through said park, con-
necting the 48-inch with the 36 and 30-inch on Tremont
street.
Since these connections were made the pressure throughout
the city has been greater than at any time since the intro-
duction of the water. Also laid a new 20-inch main the
entire length (1,398 feet) of the new Warren bridge. This
is a great improvement. The old pipes, by being imperfect
in their construction, made the maintenance very troublesome
and expensive.
Main-Pipe.
The whole length of main-pipe of the difterent sizes laid
and relaid from the commencement of the works to the
present time is 4251- miles. The whole number of feet laid
and relaid during last year is 67,056 feet, or about 13 miles.
The whole leng-th now in service is 377.86 miles.
Service-Pipes.
Whole number put in past season . . . . 1,130
Length in feet 30,284
Total number to date 49,290
92
City Document No. 123.
Of the relaying of enlarged sizes the following table
shows the chansre in sizes : —
street.
Between what Streets.
Tremont ....
Dover and Dwlght
Pirst
M and P
P
First and Sixth
Dorchester ave. .
Second and Foundry
Condor
Brooks and Glen don
Glendon ....
Condor and Eagle
Eagle
Chelsea and Princeton ....
Chelsea
Saratoga and Curtis
state
Commercial and Atlantic ave. .
East
South and Tufts
South
East and Summer
Avon
Chauncy and Washington . • .
Cove Place . . .
Cove and Furnace
Bennington . . .
R.R. Crossing and Swift . . .
La Grange . . .
Washington and Tremont . . .
Size now.
No. of Feet.
Size formerly.
12-in.
227
6
"
1,592
6
"
1,838
6
"
372
6
"
687
6
"
325
6
"
261
6
"
1,247
6
8-in.
720
6
"
18
6
"
586
6
6-in.
451
4
"
85
4
"
85
4
"
492
4
Taken up and Abandoned.
24-ineh iron pipe 135 feet.
20-inch " 1,420 "
6-inch " 7,873 "
4-inch " 1,113 "
li-inch " 326 "
Changed.
One 1-inch taken out, and one 2-inch put in.
One 1-inch taken out, and one Ij-inch put in.
Two 1-inch taken out, and two 1^-inch put in.
One |-inch taken out, and one 1-inch put in.
One |-inch taken out, and one li-inch put in.
Fifteen |-inch taken out, and fifteen 1-inch put in.
Six |-inch taken out, and six |-inch put in.
Eleven ^-inch taken out, and 11 |-inch put in.
Eeport or THE Water Board.
93
Statement of IJocation, Size, and ^Number of Feet of Pipe
laid in 1883.
Note. — B. indicates Boston; S.B. South Boston; E.B. East Boston; B.H. Boston High-
lands; D. Dorchester; W.R. West Roxbury; Bri. Brighton.
In what Street.
Beacon
Commonwealth ave.
West Chester park
West Chester park
Warren Bridge . .
Warren Bridge . .
Huntington ave. , •
Gloucester ....
West Chester park
Tremont
Westland
East Newton . . .
B. ....... .
First
P
H
Swett
Dorchester ave. . .
Condor
Glendon
Eagle .... ...
Swift
Chelsea
Blue Hill ave. . . .
Between what Streets.
Commonwealth ave. and Brookline
Beacon and West Chester park . .
Total 48-inch
Beacon and Commonwealth ave.
Total 30-inch
Tremont and Commonwealth ave.
Under the draw
Total 24.inch ....
Causeway and Fitchburg R.R.
Total 20-inch
Parker and West Chester park
Total 16-inch
Newbury and Boylston . . . .
Westland and Boylston . . . .
Dover and D wight
Parker and West Chester park
Washington and Harrison ave. .
First and Congress
MandP
First and Sixth
Emerson and Broadway . . . .
Ellery and Boston
Second and Foundry
Brooks and Q-lendon
Condor and Eagle
Glendon and Chelsea
Saratoga and Bennington . . .
Saratoga and Curtis . . • . . .
Hay ward and Devon
Carried forward ,
B. &
B.H.
B.H.
16
2,183
4,429
135
4,564
1,398
1,398
1,942
1,942
230
262
261
116
631
501
1,606
1,838
10
131
456
1,5T5
450
1,297
49
1,247
548
11,208
94 City Document No. 123.
Statement of Liocation, Size, etc. — Continued.
In what Street.
Elm Hill ave.
Crawford . •
Norfolk . . .
Robinson . .
Boston . . .
Milton ave. .
Erie ave. . .
Centre . . .
Washington .
Commercial .
La Grange .
Park ....
Dudley ave. .
Washington .
Brown ave. .
Cambridge .
Nonantum .
Everett . . .
AUston . . .
State ....
Garrison . .
Camden . . .
East ....
South ....
AUston . . .
Mellville ave.
Hartford . .
Rosseter . .
Eldon ....
Stanwood ave.
Templeton .
Park ....
Alban ....
Between what Streets.
Brought forward
Crawford and ISTorthrup
Elm Hill ave. and Nasby
Nelson and Walk Hill
Adam and Draper
Dorset and Washburn
Prospect and Armadine
Merritt and New Beaver •
Washington and AUston
Wells ave and Roslin
Preston and the Bridge
Dent and Newton line
Rutledge and Anawam ave. ....
From Washington
Albano and Dudley ave
Poplar and Ashland
North Harvard and Cambridge line
Washington and Newton
North Beacon and B. & A. R. R. . .
Washington and Warren
Total 12 inch .
Commercial and Atlantic ave
Huntington ave. and Providence R.R.
South and Tufts
East and Summer
Mellville ave. and Centre . .
AUston and O. C. & N. R. R.
Howard ave. and Sargent . .
Union ave. and Eldon . . . ,
Rosseter and Bowdoin ave. .
From Columbia
" Adam
Standish ave. and Cemetery .
Ashmont and Welles ave. . .
Carried forward
B.H.
Dor.
Bri.
Dor.
Eeport of the Water Board. 95
Statement of Location, Size, etc. — Continued.
In what Street.
Torrey
Glen Road ....
Brown ave
Albano
Kittredge
St. John
Sedgwick
Cottage ave
Union
Summit ave. . . .
Bennett
Tremont
Parker
Avon . . • . . . .
Claremont park . .
East Concord . . .
Otis place
Ivanhoe
Fabin
Baldwin
Commonwealth ave.
Oxford terrace , .
Lagrange
Montgomery . . .
Eemp
Granite
A court
Pickering court . .
Vale .......
Princeton
Bennington ....
Orleans
Putnam
Between what Streets.
Brought forward ....
Washington and "Withington .
Sigourney and Walnut ....
Ashland and Gardner . . . •,.
Washington and Kittridge • .
Alhano and Clarendon ....
From Centre
Elm and South
From Centre
Washington and Nantasket ave.
Allston and Mass. ave
From Parson
Total 8 inch
Mason and Boylston
Boylston and Westland
Chauncy and Washington
Columbus ave. and Providence R.R.
Albany and Harrison ave
Brimmer and Mt. Vernon
Fabin and West Canton
From Ivanhoe
Camden and Northampton ....
West Chester Park and Beacon . .
From Huntington ave
Washington and Tremont
Clarendon and Tremont
From Dorchester ave
Richards and Sugar Refinery . . .
From H street
" Fifth
" Lowland
Eagle and Prescott
Swift and R.R. Crossing
Maverick and Decatur
Chelsea and Bennington
Carried forward
Dor.
W.R.
S.B
E.B
4,879
39
155
1,172
118
208
396
63
679
196
373
175
150
428
451
86
198
70
144
26
393
202
339
492
308
25
164
191
129
503
18
596
168
242
5,273
96
City Document No. 123.
Statement of Location, Size, etc.
Continued.
In what Street.
Ray
Georgia
Gilbert
Blue Hill ave. . .
Binney
Peabody . . . .
Sterling
Minden . . . . .
Regent
Blue Hill ave. . .
Randlett
Langdon . . . .
George
"Waumbeck . , .
Winthrop . . . .
Mulvey ave. . . .
Norfolk . . . . .
Rockwell . . . •
Nixon ave. . . .
Clifton
Evaus
Corbett
Nelson
Houghton court .
Ashland . . . .
Sayward . . .
Maxwell . . . .
A court
Fremont place .
River View . . .
Hopkin place . .
Greenwich place
Glendale . . . .
Carruth ...
Fairfax ....
Between what Streets.
Brought forward
Hurlbert and Regent
Hartwell and Montana
Centre and Hoflfman
Woodbine and Southwood . . .
Peabody and Smyrna
Binney and Brookline ave . . . .
Shawmut ave. and Westminster .
Ulmer and Walden
Dale and Hurlbert
Alaska and West Cottage . . . .
From Rand sq
George and Dudley
Langdon and Shirley
Warren and Wabeno
Blue Hill ave. and Dennis . . . .
From Heath
Nelson and Madison
Milton ave. and Washington . . .
Centre and Mather
Cottage and Taylor
Thetford ave. and Nelson . . . .
From Nelson
From Norfolk
From Houghton
Mill and Harrison ave
Bird and Columbia
Milton ave. and Capen
Park and Clarence pi
Fremont and Hopkin pi
From Adam ,
From Fremont pi
Dorchester ave. and Commercial ,
Glen and Payson
Beaumont and Van Winkle . . ,
From Carruth
Carried forward
B.H.
Dor.
Report of the Water Board.
97
Statement of Liocation, Size, eita. — Continued.
In what Street.
Bellevue . . .
Cemetery . . .
Shamrock . . .
Holmes place .
Prederika . . .
New Minot . .
Jackson place .
Fuller
Milton ave. . .
A new street .
Harrison ave. .
Harrison . . .
Bodwell park .
Fuller
Selden ....
Elmo
Harbor View .
Skinner . . . .
Story place . .
Ashland . . . .
Alden place . .
Prospect ave. .
Hancock ...
Sheldon ....
Keyes
Newberne • .
Chapin ave. . .
Woodside ave.
A
Jamaica place .
Child
Harvard place .
Farrington ave.
Parson . . . .
Nantasket ave.
Between what Streets.
Brought forward
Trull and Quincy
From Norfolk
Dorchester ave. and Commercial .
From Mill st
Adam and New Minot
Frederika and Adam
From School
Milton ave. and Capen
Norfolk and Prospect ave
Clifton and Shirley
Ashland and Green Hill
Harrison ave. and Green Hill . . .
Columbia and Bird
Dorchester ave. and Washington .
Milton ave. and Capen
Erie ave. and N. Y. & N. E. R.R. .
Dorchester ave. and Newport . . .
From Sou*h
From Greenough
Albion and Sheldon
From Green
Brown ave. and Sheldon
Gardner and Ashland
Ashland and Prospect ave
Washington and Meehan
John A. Andrew and Carolina ave.
From La Grange
Washington and Forest Hill . . . .
Boylston and Spring Park
From Jamaica
Call and Lee
From Washington
Lincoln and Harvard
Washington and Bennett
From Union • .
Carried forward 23,967
15,418
135
32
689
108
308
274
352
124
11
758
187
190
393
73
lOO
28
184
551
214
200
50
609
492
203
55
24
235
181
143
101
153
.311
250
640
191
98 City Document No. 123.
Statement of Liocation, Size, etc. — Concluded.
In what Street.
Aehford . . . .
Waverley . . .
Mansfield . . .
Holbroot place
Saunders . . .
Church . . . .
A new street .
Hill ave. . . .
Madison ave. .
Adam
Pelhain court .
Wendell . . .
Lark
Texas Court . .
Court
Between what Streets.
Brought forward,
Chester and Mr. Spaulding's house
From Western ave .
Cambridge and Hill ave
From North Beacon
From Cambridge
Washington and Mt. Vernon . . .
From Western ave
Franklin and Mansfield
From Washington
From Everett
Total 6 inch
From Pelham . .
Preble and Hyde
Eighth and Ninth
From Texas ave.
From River . . .
Total 4 inch
B.
8.B.
B.H.
Dor.
23,967
435
95
425
156
187
552
354
370
205
366
27,112
24
42
86
156
248
Eepoet or THE Water Board.
99
Statement of Location, Size, and Numtoer of Feet of Pipe
Kelaid and Abandoned in 1883.
In what Street.
Warren bridge . .
Warren Isridge .
Tremont
East Newton . . .
Oak
State ....
West Chester Park
East
South
First
P
Dorchester ave. . .
Condor
Glendon
Eagle
Chelsea
Avon
Cove place . . . .
Lagrange
Bennington . . . .
Albany
Way
Marlborough . . .
Wyoming
Jerome
Between what Streets.
Under the Draw
Causeway and Fitchburg R.R.
crossing
Dover and Dwight
Washington and Harrison ave. .
Albany and Albany R.R
Commercial st. and, Atlantic ave. .
Columbus ave. and Providence
R.R. bridge
South and Tufts . . .
East and Summer . .
M and P
First and Sixth ....
Second and Foundry .
Brooks and Glendon .
Condor and Eagle . .
Chelsea and Princeton
Saratoga and Curtis .
Chauncey and Washington . .
Cove and Furnace
Washington and Tremont . .
R.R. Crossing and Swift . . .
Raised.
Broadway and Lehigh ....
Albany and Harrison ave. . .
Hereford and W. Chester park
Lowered.
Warren and Wabon
Cushing ave. and Everett ave.
E.B.
B.H,
Dor.
Length.
s
24
20
12
135
1,420
34
12
6
631
665
100
"
720
"
89
<•
18
"
686
"
1,592
"
1,838
"
372
"
687
"
325
"
L-61
4
1,247
7,835
451
"
85
"
492
85
1,113
12
200
"
200
6
50
6
250
8
288
24
20
12
12
100
City Document No. 123.
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City Document No. 123.
Repairs of Pipes during the Year 1883.
Whbbb.
Diameter of Pipes in Inches.
48
40
2
2
36
1
1
30
2
2
24
4
4
20
]5
5
1
21
16
1
1
12
15
5
5
1
2
1
29
8
2
2
4
6
25
5
14
7
5
56
4
38
7
2
2
1
50
3
4
2
6
2
5
1
4
10
H
29
1
30
U
5
5
1
9
1
1
11
3
5
1
'
6
1
8
10
7
2
27
Total.
281
84
107
131
41
29
14
451
South Boston
East Boston
Boston Highlands ....
Dorchester
West Roxbury
Brighton
1
1
113
137
153
62
31
16
Totals
687
953
Of the leaks that have occuiTed on pipes of 4 inches
and upwards : joints, 9(5 ; settling of earth, 23 ;
defective pipe, 22 ; defective packing, 16 ; de-
fective stopcock, 8 ; struck by pick, 1 ; by blast-
ing, 1 ; by frost, 3. Total ....
Stoppages by frost . . . . . .
Of 3-inch and on service-pipes : joints, 19 ; settling
of earth, 173; settling at boxing, 1; settling of
wall, 2 ; defective pipe, 104 ; defective packing,
19 ; defective coupling, 15 ; defective faucet, 11 ;
stiff connections, 29 ; pulled out by parties un-
known, 1 ; by sewer diggers, 6 ; faucet loose at
main, 1 ; gnawed by rats, 13 ; struck by pick
46 ; by nail, 1 ; by blasting, 4 ; burnt oif at wall
1. Total
Stoppages by fish, Q2 ; rust, 221 ; dirt, 18 ; solder
2 ; gasket, 7 ; frost outside, 21 ; frost inside, 5
Total
170
1
446
336
Total
953
Eeport of the Water Board.
103
statement of Leaks and Stoppages 1850-1883.
Diameter of.
Yeab.
Four inches and
upwards.
Less than four
inches.
1850
32
64
82
85
74
75
75
85
77
82
134
109
117
97
95
111
139
122
82
82
157
185
188
153
434
203
214
109
213
211
135
145
170
171
72
173
241
260
280
219
232
278
324
449
458
899
373
397
594
496
536
487
449
407
767
1,380
1,459
1,076
2,120
725
734
8Q1
1,024
995
929
833
1,248
782
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
I860 ; . . . .
1861
1862 . • . ,.
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872 . ;
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
Totals.
104
237
323
345
354
294
307
363
401
531
592
508
490
494
489
607
675
609
531
1,565
1,647
1,229
2,554
92S
948
910
1,237
1,206
1,064
1,028
1,248
953
104
City Document No. 123.
Hydrants.
Durins: the year 205 hydrants have been established, and
69 abandoned.
Established.
Abandoned.
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11
4
2
6
19
10
6
26
8
16
6
13
3
4
76
18
10
5
2
1
1
2
1
3
14
6
8
57
23
23
17
47
19
19
2
1
25
13
12
3
5
1
29
10
1
1
1
1
2
1
10
Boston Highlands
11
40
West Roxhury
18
18
58
37
34
205
4
2
4
59
69
136
Total number up to May 1, 1884.
Ol_l
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45
14
5
18
53
30
9
1
77
33
31
40
89
201
145
16
475
143
112
651
564
91
59
772
327
170
125
79
51
38
1,369
518
Bast Boston .............
313
834
785
West Roxbury ..i. .......
373
251
Deer Island
16
5
3
7
8
7
4,479
....
92 hydrants have been taken out and replaced by new or
repaired ones, and 263 boxes have been taken out and re-
j)laced by new ones. The hydrants have had the usual atten-
tion paid them.
Eeport of the Water Board. 105
Stopcocks.
186 new stopcocks have been established this year. 146
boxes have been taken out and replaced by new ones. The
stopcocks have had the proper attention paid them.
E. E. JONES,
Superintendent £Jastern Division.
EEPOET OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF THE
MYSTIC DEPAETMENT.
Mystic Department,
Chaelestown District, May 1, 1884.
Hon. William A. Simmons, Chairman Boston Water
Board : —
Sir, — The annual report of the Mystic Department for
the year ending April 30 is herewith submitted : —
Mystic Lake.
The water the past year has been good, and there has been
no complaint. During the fall and winter the lake was
very low, and arrangements were made to start the temporary
pumps ; but the early snow and rain filled the lake, so that
after getting the pumps ready we had no occasion to use
them. Among the improvements at the lake are new build-
ings, taking the place of the temporary structures formerly
used to store the pumps and engines, and a coal-shed. The
borders of the lake were thoroughly cleansed last season, and
the river from the lake to Whitney's dam was also cleaned.
I propose to clean above Whitney's this year.
Mystic-valley Sewer.
The works connected with the sewer, and the sewer itself
are in good condition ; but the increase of business done by
tanneries makes double the work that was contemplated when
the sewer was built. If the sewer works are to be con-
tinued I would recommend that a right of way from the
works to the lake (through the old canal), and thence to the
road, be obtained either by purchase or rental.
Conduit.
The repairs upon the conduit have been completed, and it
is now in as good condition as when built. It has been
cleaned twice the past year, and the improvement is so great
that I sha?l in future clean it fall and spring. I would rec-
ommend that more manholes be built, so that access may
be made easier.
Report or the Water Board. 107
Reservoir.
The basins are now being drawn off for the purpose of
cleaning the reservoir. On examination I find that some
pointing to the mason-work will be necessary. The concrete
walks, banks, and grounds are in a fair condition ; the grass
has been allowed to run out, and it will require considerable
work and manure to put them in the shape they should be.
I expect to have money enough this year to thoroughly top-
dress all the land connected with the reservoir, and with a
little re-sodding I think will bring it out all right.
Pumping Service.
This department is in good condition. August 28, 1883, the
engineer reported that the low-pressure cylinder to No. 3
pump had given out. On examination there was found a
crack in the rim. Another cylinder was ordered of Messrs.
Worthington, and they were instructed to repair the old,
which they did, so that it has run since that time. The new
cylinder is now at the engine-house, for use when needed.
The contract for new boilers having been given to Messrs.
Kendall & Roberts they are now engaged in setting the
same. Considerable work will have to be done in the fire-
room, and a new tin roof is needed. This work is all under
way.
Roads and Grounds.
This part of the works has received considerable attention
the past year. The road from the engine-house to the
reservoir has been graded. The stone- wall mentioned in the
last report has been built ; also a wall on one side of the rail-
road track. I find the same trouble with the grass-land here
that I did with the reservoir grounds. It has been allowed
to run out for want of care and manure. We do not raise
h&y enough to keep our horses, when we should, and have some
to sell. It will be my endeavor to bring the land up to proper
shape, so that in the future we shall not buy hay.
Distribution-Pipes.
These pipes have been extended by the addition of 264 feet
6-in. pipe. There have been 5,672 feet of cement pipe re-
placed with cast-iron. There was one break on the force
main, caused by settling of the earth under the pipe, and 52
breaks and leaks in the others. The followinsf tables show
the number, and also the extension and relaying : —
108
City Document No. 123.
Breaks and LeaTcs.
Size of Pipe.
30 in.
24 in.
16 in.
12in.
Sin.
6 in.
4 in.
Sin.
2 in.
Total.
Number
1
2
3
1
4
6
26
1
8
52
Extension of Distribution-Pipes.
Size of Pipe.
Location.
6 inch.
4 inch.
All sizes.
Total feet.
228 ft.
36
228
36
48
6,411
48
6,411
Totals
6,723
Distribution-Pipes relaid 18S3-S4.
Location.
Eden street ....
Concord avenue .
Fitchburg Railroad
Main street ....
"Wall street ....
Cordis street . . .
Forbush court . .
Middlesex street .
Mystic place . . .
Lawrence street .
Austin street . . .
Decatur court . .
Bunker Hill street
Original
Size.
4 inch.
6 inch.
8 inch.
16 inch.
Inches.
Feet.
Feet.
Feet.
Feet.
Total ft.
6
4
6
16
6
6
4
6
4
6
6
4
8
6
156
19
120
160
166
156
48
8
492
504
48
34
1,680
1,722
492
504
19
288
288
120
264
264
972
972
144
144
156
576
....
732
Making- a total of 5,627 feet relaid.
Eeport of the Water Board.
109
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City Document No. 123.
Service-Pipes and Boxes.
81 new Services have been laid the past year.
Size.
1 inch.
1 inch.
3 inch.
1 inch.
Ij inch.
2 inch.
Total
No.
Total
Feet.
Number
3
65
3
7
2
1
81
1,989
There have been repaired and relaid 114 service-pipes in
which there were used 1,370 feet lead pipe; 46 alterations
were made, 2 were frozen, 25 tin-lined relaid with lead, 24
were stoppages by eels, 14 were stoppages by rust, 3 were
stoppages by moss. 287 service-boxes have been replaced
by 154 iron and 133 wood ; 4 fire-pipes have been placed in
private buildings.
Hydrants and Gates.
2 additional liydrants have been placed by this department,
1 post on Main street, 1 Boston Lowry on Wall street, 3 post-
hydrants have been changed for Boston Lowry's, and 1 old
post at engine-house grounds for I taken from this district.
12 rotten hydrant-boxes have been replaced. In Somer-
vilie, there have been placed 4 post-hydrants.
There have been added 2 new gates in this department and
14 in Somerville ; there have been 2 16-inch gates replaced by
new ones ; 32 gate-boxes have been replaced.
Summary of Services connected with the Worlcs, May 1, 1884. •
Charlestown.
Somerville.
Chelsea.
Everett.
Total.
Services
Feet
5,541
148,591
3,838
125,206
4,312
116,399
762
17,295
14,453
407,491
Aggregate 407,491 feet, or 77 mUea 931 feet.
Yours most respectfully,
J. HENRY BROWN, Superintendent.
EEPORT OF SUPEEINTENDENT OF METER
DIVISION.
Boston, May 1, 1884.
Hon. Wm. A. Simmons, Chairman Boston Water Board: —
Sm, — The annual report of the Superintendent of Meter
Division for the year ending April 30, 1884, is herewith sub-
mitted ; —
This department was organized and began operations
July 1, 1883.
At that time there was applied to the Cochituate works
2,245 meters, 228 elevators, and 38 motors with indicators
attached.
Of these meters 1,555 were | in., 45 | in., 525 1 in., 15
l\ in., 72 2 in., 21 3 in., and 12 4 in.
In the Mystic Department, which includes Charlestown
District, the cities of Chelsea and Somerville, and town of
Everett, there were applied 405 meters and 4 motors ; of
these 246 were in the Charlestown District, viz., 90 | in.,
56 I in., 56 1 in., 2 1^ in., 33 2 in,, 6 4 in., and 2 motors.
In Chelsea, 79, of which 26 were | in.,
6 2 in., 1 3 in., 1 4 in., and 2 motors.
In Somerville, 73, of which 22 were | in.
11 2 in., 1 3 in., and 1 4 in.
Everett, 5, viz., 1 | in., 1 | in., 1 1
making a total of 2,916 in the whole works,
year 41 have been discontinued in the Cochituate Depart-
ment and 31 in the Mystic. In the same time there have
been applied to Cochituate works, by especial order, 133 ;
and by general orders, applying meters to tenement houses,
etc., there have been 316 ; making the total distribution of
this branch to date 2,653 meters.
In the Mystic works 123 have been added ; making the
total in this department to date, 497, and of the whole works
3,150.
406 exchanges have been made for diflferent causes. Dur-
ing the cold weather of the past winter, notwithstanding pre-
cautionary measures were taken to prevent, 39 meters were
frozen and burst. Many tenements where meters are, and
24 1
in..
19 1
in.,
,10
f in.;
,25 1
in.,
in.,
)rks.
and
Di
1 4
Liring
in. ;
the
112 City Document No. 123.
are now being applied, are constructed with little regard to
protecting their water-fixtures from frost.
The occupants generally are negligent, and needlessly ex-
pose them ; for these reasons a large number of this class
have to be metered from the street, considerably increasing
the expense both in time and material.
39 meters were damaged by hot water, having been lo-
cated near hot-water or steam boilers without check-valves
to prevent the back pressure. Only meters constructed with
vulcanized rubber piston are affected in this w^ay.
53 decayed street boxes have been replaced with new
ones, and 25 have been repaired.
Of the different devices applied to elevators for registra-
tion 55 are ratchets, and are reliable and satisfactory; 165
operate with cord and pulley. This arrangement I am not
favorably impressed with, and consider the city is not prop-
erly protected in the use of them. 169 have 1 index each,
54 have 2, and 5 have 6. These complications have a ten-
dency to confuse and render the inspection a delicate duty.
From July to October but little activity was manifest in
the department, occasioned by delay in procuring the nec-
essary machinery to manufacture the meters to be delivered
as per contract.
During this delay some 250 meters of the smaller sizes
were removed, having done a long term of service ; of this
number 140 proved, on test, to be unreliable. Appended to
this report is a list in tabular form giving the result of those
tests.
December 15 the Tremont Meter Co. had so far perfected
facilities to manufacture as to enable the delivery of 87 |-inch
on that date.
The quantities furnished since that time have steadily in-
creased, and at the present time they are furnishing about 300
per month. They propose to still add machinery sufficient to
enable them to manufacture and deliver 800 to 1,000 per
month, provided such quantities should be required.
In order to dispose of the increasing numbers as fast as re-
ceived, and perform the duties of maintenance, the working
force is being gradually increased, and at the present time it
consists of 1 assistant superintendent, 3 inspectors, 2 Avriters,
6 plumbers and helpers, 2 machinists, 1 tester, 2 carpenters,
4 teamsters, and 12 laborers with 4 single-horse teams. This
force will, of a necessity, have to be immediately increased.
The meters are now being delivered 100 at a time ; they are
received by their designated numbers, each being subjected
to a proper test, as near as possible to the condition in which
it may be placed. These tests are for accuracy, etc., etc.
Report of the Water Board. 113
Having passed successfully the test they are sealed, and a
record is made of the same. Should any one fail in the test it
is immediately returned to the factory "rejected." There are
but very few, however, returned on this account ; the regis-
tration is generally very correct.
At the present time there are being 12 to 20 new meters
applied daily, and it is anticipated before July next we shall
increase to 25 or 30 per day, and by early fall have added
3,000 to the distribution.
This increase will require a corresponding increase in the
inspection force, the duties of which are to record monthly
the statement of each meter, and report the condition of any
found needing repairs. These duties require especial qualifi-
cations to insure successful inspectors.
The records of all meters placed ; locality ; size and
style of each ; repairs or alterations done ; change of reg-
ister ; record of duty performed, together with the monthly
statement of each, are recorded at this ofiice, — and a daily
report of all made to the Water Registrar. This detail must
be carefully attended to.
Those furnished are generally doing good service ; the
exceptions are cases incidental to the circumstances, viz.,
a new concern adapting itself to a new business.
In conducting some experiments certain alterations have
been suggested, and when accomplished as contemplated it is
believed will prove a decided benefit.
The cost of placing is materially increased above the
estimates, occasioned by the absence of any shut-off in a large
proportion of the localities, obliging the department to dig
up the street stop. In many instances we are not very
successful in our search for them. These vexatious delays,
together with cost of inserting a shut-off on such premises,
occasions a considerable extra expense.
Respectfully submitted,
HIRAM CUTTS,
Superintendent.
EEPOET OF SUPERINTENDENT OE INSPEC-
TION AND WASTE DEPARTMENT.
Division of Inspection and Waste,
City Hall, Boston, May 1, 1884.
William A. Simmons, Esq., Chairman Boston Water
Board : —
Sm, — The following report of the progress made by this
division, with the results attained, since its formation in July,
1883, is respectfully submitted.
The house-to-house inspection begun July 16, was fin-
ished the 19th of last February, and the general inspection
at present in progress was commenced February 20. Up
to the date of this report about half the Cochituate division
has been inspected, and the results for assessing next year's
water-rates passed to Registrar Davis.
As the first inspection was principally to check waste, it
may be apropos, notwithstanding that some of the informa-
tion can be found tabulated in the report of the Engineer of
the Board, — but in diflerent form, — to give here figures that
will show the saving of w^ater eflfected by the work of the
division.
In the Cochituate Department the daily average consump-
tion, owing to unchecked waste, reckless use of water, and
increase of population, had for years been steadily increasing.
In 1876 the average daily consumption was 20,237,700; in
August of last year it had reached the maximum of 37,141,000
gallons. In that month, the inspection being vigorously
pushed, repairs of defective fixtures began to be made,
illegal use of hand-hose, and waste by other methods, was
stopped, so that as the inspection progressed, and the law
was enforced, the consumption sensibly decreased.
From January to September, 1883, the daily consumption
in the Cochituate Department, as compared with that of 1882
and previous years, considerably increased; but, when the
waste began to be checked, it fell from 37,141,000 gallons in
August to 33,645,000, in September ; 29,575,800, in October,
and 28,839,300, in November. The greatest reduction oc-
curred in February, March, and April of the present year ; it
Report of the Water Board.
115
being for February, 24,598,000, March, 21,862,600, and
April, 21,460,700 gallons.
The following daily average consumption in the Cochituate
division, from January, 1883, to April, 1884, inclusive, before
and after the house-to-house inspection began, will show the
rate of increase up to August, with the remarkable decrease
from that date. It will be observed from the figures that
after the first month's inspection, and the notices issued by
the Board, the steady reduction continued, except during
January and February, when faucets are generally kept open
to prevent freezing : —
Before inspection,
Dii
ing progress of inspection,
Consumption.
Gallons.
1883
, January,
34,715,500
February,
32,690,700
March,
34,110,700
April,
30,617,600
May,
32,169,500
June,
33,419,200
July,
36,774,000
August,
37,141,000
After close of first inspection.
" September, 33,645,000
" October, 29,575,800
<' November, 28,839,300
" December, 30,174,200
1884, January, 32,162,300
" February, 24,598,000
" March, 21,862,600
" April, 21,460,700
116
City Document No. 123.
The following table gives the average daily saving effected
in the Cochituate Department during the progress of the in-
spection, from September, 1883, to May 1, 1884, as com-
pared with the consumption of the same months of the pre-
vious year : —
Bbfokb Inspection.
After Inspection.
Average
Daily
Saving.
Per
cent.
Saved.
Consump-
tion per
Head of
Population.
Average Daily Consumption.
Average Daily Con-
sumption.
Aug., 1882
Gallons.
Gallons.
Gallons.
103 2
Sept., "
Oct. "
Nov., "
Dec, "
Jan., 1883
Feb., "
Mar., "
Apr., " ■
31,691,600
31,563,800
31,318,700
32,352,800
34,715,500
32,690,700
34,110,700
30,617,600
1883
1884
33,645,000
29,575,800
28,839,300
30,174,200
32,162,300
24,598,000
21,862,600
21,460,700
93.2
1,988,000
2,479,400
2,178,600
2,553,200
■8,092,700
12,248,100
9,156,900
6.3
7.92
6.73
7.35
24.78
35.9
29.9
81.9
79.6
83.0
88.4
67.5
65.0
58.8
Averages ....
32,481,400
....
26,953,271
5,528,128
16.98
74.8
The effectiveness of the division in checking waste is
amply proved by the above figures, which give the consump-
tion per head of the population last August as 103.2 gallons,
showing a gradual decrease for the 8 months until last
month (^April), when it was reduced to 58.8 gallons.
If this reduction can be accomplished without the aid of
the Deacon meters and Church stopcocks great results may
reasonably be anticipated when those appliances are in effec-
tive service.
Eepoet of the Watee Boaed.
117
The folio wins; table gives the average daily consumption
in the Mystic division for the eight months after the inspec-
tion began, with the saving effected, as compared with the
figures for the same months for the previous year : —
Befoee Inspection.
Aftbb Inspection.
Average
Dally
Saving.
Per
cent.
Saved.
Increased
Consump-
tion.
Average Daily Consumption.
Average Daily Con-
sumption.
Sept., 1882
Oct., "
Gallons.
5,964,100
6,011,300
5,557,400
6,877,600
8,369,600
7,714,650
7,737,300
6,171,150
1883
1884
Gallons.
5,846,300
5,497,250
5,930,600
6,771,500
8,019,100
6,341,500
6,337,200
5,242,100
Gallons.
117,800
514,050
1.97
8.55
853,200
Dec, "
Jan., 1883
Feb., "
Mar., "
Apr., "
106,100
350,500
1,373,150
1,400,100
829,050
1.54
4.3
17.8
18.1
15.1
Averages ....
6,802,887
6,248,187
670,107
9.62
The smallness of the saving in the Mystic, as compared
with the Cochituate division, is accounted for by the fact that
nearly the entire of the former was inspected after the middle
of last January; the Charlestown District and Chelsea being
the last places visited ; so that while the Cochituate Division
has in the returns the benefit of an entire inspection, and
about half of the one now in progress, the Mystic division
is credited with but one inspection.
In the followino- schedules the work of the first and second
inspections is given separately, in order that the results of
the first or complete inspection, and the progress made in the
second, may be more clearly defined and understood.
FiEST Inspection.
The following tables give the work of each Inspector for
the period during the first house-to-house inspection, viz.,
from July 16, 1883, to February 19, 1884, inclusive.
118
City Document No. 123.
Division 1. — E. A. Nichols, Chief Inspector, from July
16 to September 13, 1883.
George E. Raymore, from September 13 to Dec. 15, 1883.
J. H. McGuire, from December 15, 1883, to the end of
inspection.
Defective
Wilful
^
13
a)
Fixtures.
1
3
•a
Waste.
5
Inspectob.
Date of
o
CD
&
c
h-l
.
Appointment.
hH
i^
O 3
a
1
'a
o
Oh
1
It
a
II
■a o
r^
«
^
P3
!=^
tf
fa
fa
1883.
J, B. Hassett
July 16.
2,354
578
575
532
6
1
1
R. E. Maguire
"
2,336
476
475
517
35
2
2
1
R. J. Murray
"
2,428
391
390
387
27
4
4
1
C. F. Sweeny
"
2,292
664
666
670
41
4
4
3
J. J. Strange, \
made Chief, Jan. 5, '84. ( '
"
1,853
415
414
526
40
1
1
J. F. Daly, transferred to j
Div. 2, Jan. 1, 1884. \
Aug. 18.
1,382
185
183
181
8
Geo. B. Raymore, )
made Chief, Aug. 18, '83. j
July 16.
1884.
362
82
82
80
•
J. L. Quigley
Jan. 1.
554
105
105
88
Jan. 14.
475
399
85
96
84
94
70
60
1
4
1
4
1
J. B. Neagle
Total
14,435
3,077
3,068
3,111
158
17
17
5
Eeport or THE Water Board.
119
Division 2. — P. D. Dwyer, Chief Inspector, from July
16, 1883, to January 1, 1884.
J. B. Maguire, from January 1, 1884, to end of inspec-
tion.
J. B. Maguire ]
madeChief Jan. 1,1884. j
George F. Ross
John McNamara
J. A. Haley
J. J. Corbett
J. F. Daly, )
from Jan. 1, 1884 ( • • • •
Chas. McCarron, and sub- )
Btitute, to Jan. 1, 1884. )
J. A. Connolly
T. McCarthy, Jr
W. B. Wood
Total
Date of
Appointment.
1883.
July 16,
Aug. 18
July 16.
1884.
Jan. 1.
Jan. 14.
Defective
Wilful
Ti
Fixtures.
"A
TJ
Waste.
a
a
o
QQ
^
ft
a
>-<
S.V-.
o
m
M
0)
^%
■s
0)
0)-
& .
a
— ' .
•- .
<a
a
cc-O
=''S
.2
a .^
'A
^i<
a
2
•A
•.<a
a
Cm
pL.
A
^
«
1^
r^
r=H
1,6:7
301
301
278
10
0
0
2,640
408
405
3S3
16
3
3
2,224
260
251
238
2
3
3
2,502
638
634
689
9
0
0
2,573
433
426
422
5
0
0
598
113
115
129
5
1
1
1,045
172
172
169
4
0
0
579
102
102
88
3
0
0
457
92
92
69
0
0
0
450
72
70
83
0
0
0
14,685
2,591
2,568
2,548
54
7
7
120
City Document No. 123.
Division 3. — W. P. Carroll, Chief Inspector, from July
16, 1883, to end of inspection.
Inspectok.
L. P. Furlong ,
E. Ready . .
J. H. Toland
J. J. McAuliffe
J. !F. Desmond .
M. Edmonds .
J. J. Murphy
B. F. McKenna
Total .
Date of
Appointment.
1883.
July 16.
1884.
Jan. 14.
2,435
2,247
2,442
2,597
2,371
2,589
465
531
15,677
Defective
Fixtures.
442
467
304
466
278
356
76
58
Ǥ
o A
430
463
301
465
269
353
70
57
2,447 2,408
423
569
242
416
232
335
46
46
2,309
Wilful
Waste.
Division 4. — D. A. McCarty, Chief Inspector, from July
16 to January 5, 1884.
J. J. Strange, from January 5, 1884, to end of inspection.
Inspector.
J. F. Cullen .
M. F. Cassidy
Wm. Kilduff .
J. J. Quigley .
W. F. Butler .
T. F. Murray
P. J. Smith . .
D. A. Finnigan
Total . .
Date of
Appointment.
1883.
July 16.
1884.
Jan. 1.
Jan. 14.
2,246
2,432
2,335
1,741
1,878
2,010
547
550
13,739
Defective
Fixtures.
539
575
433
331
280
341
1.36
82
2,717
534
566
430
327
275
344
131
79
586
521
359
536
231
335
55
40
Wilful
Waste.
^3
s
Eepoet of the Water Board. 121
Business done on reports received from other Departments.
Defective
0
Wilful
%H
■d
Fixtures.
TS
■a
Waste.
•
^
3
tD
«
0
ft
'?_:
n
1— 1
^^;
(2 ITS
(U
Depabtment.
o
A
<A
5S
a
0
<o
(§'S
tu
-So
CQ M
S
^
=2o
■3 '53
0 «
a
0
^1
0) "
0 0.
0)
'^o
Cm
^2,
H ■
Ph
<A
"A
«
s
«
P^
N
Engineer's Dept
1,080
622
427
434
446
19
30
30
1
Mystic Registrar's Office, Charlestown .
31
0
33
37
45
4
1
1
0
" Off and On " Dept
158
, 0
121
121
261
10
0
15
37
137
0
84
0
0
0
6
0
47
Total
1,406
622
665
592
752
33
37
46
85
Summary of the First Inspection.
0)
a
S
Defective
Fixtures.
1
3
0
a
1
M
1— I
0
a
Wilful
Waste.
0
<u
1^
Division.
0
niT3
|2i
1^ .
Cm
•3
6^
One
14,435
14,685
15,677
13,739
3,077
2,591
2,447
2,717
3,068
2,568
2,408
2,686
3,111
2,548
2,309
2,663
158
54
61
169
17
7
6
21
17
7
6
21
5
Two
0
Three
0
7
Total
58,536
622
10,832
665
10,730
592
10,631
752
442
33
51
37
51
46
12
Other Departments
85
Total
59,158
11,497
11,322
11,383
475
88
97
9T
The above summary gives for each of 188 working days
covered by the foregoing report the following averages : —
Number of premises inspected each day, 31 1|-.
Number of premises having defective fixtures reported
each day, 571-.
Number of notices to repair issued each day, 57.
122 City Document No. 123.
The above comprise only the business done through the
regular inspectors.
During this inspection the water was cut off from 70
premises, and let on again to 69.
There have been 117 fines collected for non-repairs of
fixtures, 40 for Avilful waste, and 37 for illegal use of hand-
hose.
There were also 77 fines abated for non-repairs of fixtures,
22 for wilful waste, and 22 for illegal use of hand-hose.
The amount of cash collected for fines, and turned over to
the Mystic and Cochituate Water Kegistrars respectively,
is :
Mystic $67 00
Cochituate 490 00
Total $557 00
The total of 59,158 " premises inspected " does not mean
the total number of water-takers in the Cochituate and
Mystic divisions, for the reason that, owing to the lateness of
the season when the inspection began, large numbers of citi-
zens were at the beaches and travelling, and their houses,
being locked up, could not be reached before the second
general inspection was commenced.
Kepoet of the Water Board.
123
Second Inspection.
The following tables give the work of each division from
the commencement of the second inspection, February 20,
to May 1, 1884: —
Division 1. — J. H. McGuire, Chief Inspector.
* Inspectors marked thus * transferred to the divisions indicated, from other divisions, March
21.
21.
t Inspectors marked thus \ transferred from the division indicated, to other divisions, March
Inspector.
J. B. Hassett .
J. L. Quigley .
J. J. Dunn . .
fC. F. Sweeney
tJ. F. Cullen .
fJ. B. Neagle .
fR. J. Murray
tR. B. Maguire
*Geo. F. Ross .
*L. P. FurloBg
*D. A. Finnigan
*J. H. Toland ,
*J. J. McAuliffe
Total. ,
Defective
Fixtures,
Ph
1,073
1,129
1,193
301
380
320
283
303
918
737
675
701
776
8,789
ft ^
«^
o Pj
31
19
49
25
31
12
10
2
29
134
5
12
4
1
3
10
2
4
0
0
232
300
Wilful
Waste.
OT3
a 6
h.
124 City Document No. 123.
Division 2. — J. B. Maguire, Chief Inspector.
Inspector.
John McNamara
J. F. Daly . . .
J. A. Connolly .
T. McCarthy, Jr.
J. A. Haley . . .
fW. B. Wood .
fj. J. Corhett .
tGeo. F. Eoss .
*C. F. Sweeny .
*J. F. Desmond
Total .
1,064
1,228
1 049
3,175
],3S8
387
390
395
816
693
8,584
Defective
Fixtures.
358
354
Wilful
Waste.
o '^
Eepoet of the Water Board. 125
Division 3. — W. P. Carroll, Chief Inspector.
Inspector.
Edw. Ready . .
B. F. McKenna .
tJ. J. Murphy .
fL. P. Furlong .
jM. Edmonds . .
fj. F. Desmond
tJ. H. Toland .
tJ. J. McAuliffe
*R. E. Maguire .
*"W. F. Butler .
*M:. F. Cassidy .
*P. J. Smith . .
*J. J. Quigley .
*J. J. Corbett . .
Total 8,645
950
1,152
395
352
38T
334
387
342
830
767
468
778
743
760
Defective
Fixtures.
as
127
56
37
29
57
133
17
39
«^
O ft
127
57
45
21
21
27
35
8
39
26
57
135
17
41
127
93
32
19
15
74
31
24
77
122
22
Wilful
Waste.
.2 m
126 City Document No. 123.
Division 4. — J. J. Strange, Chief Inspector.
Inspectob.
T. T. Murray .
Wm. Kilduff .
*M. Edmonds
fW. F. Butler .
f D. A. Finnigan
fM. F. Cassidy
t J. J. Quigley .
fP. J. Smith .
*J. F. CuUen .
*R. J. Murray
*J. J. Murphy
*W. B. "Wood
*J. B. Keagle .
Total
Defective
o
Wilful
Fixtures.
a
•d
Waste.
01
S
3
ft
§
A
0)13
(^ .
O CO
a
_o
& .
s
m-^
m>-^
S
•^
m^
"gd "^
a
41
11
.S-3
r
M
4)
a
ft'S
o '^
Ph
w
«
f^
K
^
1,080
53
54
42
0
0
0
1,184
56
59
37
3
0
0
614
6
6
8
0
0
0
407
30
32
7
0
3
3
405
36
38
72
3
1
1
295
39
42
153
3
1
1
362
26
28
21
0
0
0
399
72
75
49
2
4
4
782
5
5
8
0
0
0
792
2
2
18
0
0
0
763
31
31
18
1
0
0
535
9
9
10
1
0
0
646
12
12
32
0
0
0
8,264
377
393
475
13
9
9
Report or the Watee Board.
Total Worli done hy each Inspector.
127
Inspector.
C.F. Sweeny . .
J. F. Cullen . . .
J. B. Neagle . .
E.. J. Murray . .
R. E. Maguire .
W. B. Wood . .
J. J. Corbett . .
Geo. F. Ross . .
J. J. Murphy . .
L. P. Furlong . .
M. Edmonds . .
J. F. Desmond .
J. H. Toland . .
J. J. McAuliffe .
W. F. Butler . .
D. A. Finnlgan .
M. F. Cassidy . .
J. J. Qulgley . .
P. J. Smith . . .
J. B. Hassett . .
J. L. Quigley . .
J. J. Dunn . . .
Edw. Ready . . .
B. F. McKenna .
John MeNamara
J. F. Daly . . .
J. A. Connolly .
T. McCarthy, Jr.
J. A. Haley . . .
T. F. Murray . .
"Wm. Kjlduff . .
Defective Fix-
tures.
Wilful
Waste.
§*
a
M
i
a
o
a
a
03
a
1
o
iz;
6
a 1
IS
o ft
o
o .
1,117
59
60
55
2
0
0
1,162
53
54
33
0
0
0
966
41
43
44
0
0
0
1,075
12
12
20
0
0
0
1,133
67
68
165
2
0
0
922
40
42
39
1
0
0
1,150
60
61
78
0
0
0
1,313
50
51
66
0
0
0
1,158
70
76
50
2
0
0
1,089
25
25
20
0
2
2
1,001
27
27
23
0
0
0
1,027
42
44
89
0
0
0
1,088
37
37
31
0
0
0
1,118
8
8
49
2
0
0
1,174
59
58
31
0
3
3
1,080
38
41
82
3
1
1
763
96
99
230
3
1
1
1,105
43
45
43
0
0
0
1,177
205
210
171
2
9
9
1,073
17
18
20
0
0
0
1,129
32
32
32
0
0
0
1,193
17
18
29
0
6
6
950
127
127
127
5
0
0
1,152
56
57
93
4
1
1
1,064
21
21
47
0
0
0
1,228
29
29
39
0
0
0
1,049
28
25
52
0
1
1
1,174
62
62
86
0
0
0
1,388
70
72
79
1
1
1
1,080
53
54
42
0
0
0
1,184
56
59
37
3
0
0
128
City Document No. 123.
Summary of Secoiid Inspection to 3fay 1, 1884.
Defective Fix-
•
Wilful
«
tures.
-§
■B
Waste.
t3
a
a
3
Q^
i-d
a
o
1— (
to
Division.
i-i
(a
mis
^ 3
o g
Is
1
a
o
•^1
1
Pi
•J3 cj
o a
a
P5
One
8,789
8,584
8,645
222
358
643
232
354
656
300
477
750
4
1
12
6
2
8
6
2
8
0
Two
0
Three
0
8,264
377
393
475
13
9
9
0
Total
34,282
1,600
1,635
2,002
30
25
25
0
Engineer's Department . . .
0
48
50
55
0
4
4
0
Police Department
0
18
0
0
0
2
0
0
Total
34,282
1,666
1,685
2,057
30
31
29
0
The above summary gives for each of the 61 working-
days, covered by the second inspection, the following
averages : —
Number of premises inspected each day . . .562
Number of premises having defective fixtures reported
each day ........ 26
Number of notices issued to repair . . . .26
The above comprise only the business done through the
regular inspectors.
During this inspection the water was cut off from 43 prem-
ises, and let on again to 43.
There have been 40 fines for non-repairs of fixtures col-
lected, 39 for wilful waste, and 2 for illegal use of hand-
hose.
There were also 54 fines for non-repairs of fixtures abated,
26 for wilful waste, and 2 for illegal use of hand-hose.
The amount of cash collected for fines, and turned over to
the Mystic and Cochituate Water Registrars respectively,
is : —
Mystic
Cochituate .
$44 00
82 00
Total
1126 00
Repoet of the Water Board. 129
It will be observed from the returns that the average daily
number of premises inspected during the time of the tirst in-
spection was 311^, Avhile the number credited to the second
inspection is 562 j)er day. This large increase of work is
owing to the a})pointment of seven additional inspectors,
January 14, 1884 ; and to the fact that, as the men became
familiar with their duties, they performed more work, and, I
may add, of a better quality.
Of the general house-to-house inspection, at present in
progress, about half the districts comprising the Cochituate
division is done. This section includes South Boston, and the
greater portion of the city proper, with parts of Koxbury,
West Koxbury, and Dorchester. The entire of the inspec-
tion I expect will be finished by the end of August.
During the progress of both inspections many citizens,
especially in the Back Bay District, refused admission to the
inspectors ; but on receiving a circular letter from the office,
explaining the law in reference to, and the necessity for the
inspection, they readily consented to have their premises
examined.
That the revenue from the water-rates will be materially
increased by means of the inspections I have no doubt.
Water Registrars Wm. F. Davis and Jos. H. Caldwell have
so expressed themselves to me, their opinions being based
on the returns of extra fixtures, model houses, etc., charge-
able with water-rates received from this division. The fact
that Registrar Davis, in his report to the Water Board up to
January 1, 1883, returns 1,772, as the number of model
houses in his district, and that up to date, on the second in-
spection, I have furnished him with returns of 2,640 of that
class of buildings, amply proves that the income from that
source alone will be considerably increased.
Very respectfully,
D, B. CASHMAN,
Superintendent.
130 City Document No. 123.
CIYIL ORGANIZATION OF THE WATER WORKS, FROM
THEIR COMMENCEMENT TO MAY 1, 1884.
Water Commissioners. j
Nathan Hale, James F. Baldwin, Thomas B. Curtis. From May
4, 1846, to January 4, 1850.
Engineers for Construction.
John B. Jervis, of New York, Consulting Engineer. From May,
1846, to November, 1848.
E. S. Chesbrough, Chief Engineer of the Westei'n Division. From
May, 1846, to January 4, 1850.
William S. Whit well, Cliief Engineer of the Eastern Division.
From May, 1846, to January 4, 1850.
CiTT Engineers having Charge of the Works.
E. S. Chesbrough, Engineer. From November 18, 1850, to October
1, 1855.
George H. Bailey, Assistant Engineer. From January 27, 1851,
to July 19, 1852.
H. S. McKean, Assistant Engineer. From July 19, 1852, to October
1, 1855.
James Slade, Engineer. Fi-om October 1, 1855, to April 1, 1863.
N . Henry Crafts, Assistant Engineer. From October 1, 1855, to
April 1, 1863.
N. Henry Crafts, City Engineer. From April 1, 1863, to November
25. 1872.
Thomas W. Davis, Assistant Engineer. From April 1, 1863, to
December 8, 1866.
Henry M. Wightman, Resident Engineer at C. H. Reservoir. From
February 14, 1866, to November, 1870.
A. Fteley, Resident Engineer on construction of Sudbury-river
works, from May 10, 1873, to April 7, 1880.
Joseph P. Davis, City Engineer. From Nov. 25, 1872, to March 20,
1880.
Henry M. Wightman, City Engineer. From April 5, 1880, to pres-
ent time.
After January 4, 1850, Messrs. E. S. Chesbrough, W. S. Whitwell,
and J. Avery Richards, were elected a Water Board, subject to the
direction of a Joint Standing Committee of the City Council, by an ordi-
nance passed December 31, 1849, which was limited to keep in force
one year; and in 1851 the Cochituate Water Board was established.
CocHiTUATE Water Board.
Presidents of the Board.
Thomas Wetmore, elected in 1851, and resigned April
7, 18o6t Five years.
John H.- Wii.kins, elected in 1856. and resigned June
6, 1860$ Four years.
Ebenezer Johnson, elected in 1860, term expired April
3, 1865$ Five years.
Eepoet of the Water Board.
131
Otis Norcross, elected in 1865, and resigned January
15, 1867t ...... One j^ear and nine months.
John H. Thorndike, elected in 1867, term expired April
6, 1868t ...... One year and three months.
Nathaniel J. Bradlee, elected April, 6, 1868. and re-
signed January 4, 1871 . . . Two years and nine months.
Charles H. Allen, elected January 4, 1871, to May 4,
1873 ....... Two years and four months.
John A. Haven, elected May 4, 1873, to Dee. 17.
1874 J . .* One year and seven months.
Thomas Gogin, elected Dec. 17, 1874, and resigned May
31, 1875 ......... Six months.
L. Miles Standish, elected August 5, 1875, to July 31,
1876 One year.
63, and 64$
Members of the Board.
Thomas Wetmore, 1851, 52, 53, 54, and 55^
John H. Wilkins, 1S51, 52, 53, *56, 57, 58, and 59t
Henry B. Rogers, 1851, 52, 53, *54, and 55
Jonathan Preston, 1851, 52, 53, and 56
James W. Seaver, 1851J
Samuel A. Eliot, 1851J.
John T. Heard, 1851^ ....
Adam W. Thaxter, Jr., 1852, 63, 54, and 55$
Sampson Reed, 1852 and 1853$
Ezra Lincoln, 1852$ ....
Thomas Sprague, 1853, 54, and 55$
Samuel Hatch, 1854, 55, 56, 57, 58, and 61
Charles Stoddard, 1854, 55, 56, and 57$
William Washburn, 1854 and 55 .
TiSDALE Drake, 1856, 57, 58, and 59$ .
Thomas P. Rich, 1856, 57, and 58$
John T. Dingley, 1856 and 59$
Joseph Smith, 1856$ ....
Ebenezer Johnson, 1857, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62,
Samuel Hall, 1857, 58, 59, 60, and 61$ .
George P. French, 1859, 60, 61, 62, and 63$
Ebenezer Atkins, 1859$ . . . '
George Dennie, 1860, 61, 62, 63, 64, and 65
Clement Willis, 1860 ....
G. E. Pierce, 1860$ . . . ' .
Jabez Frederick, 1861, 62, and 63$
George Hinman, 1862 and 63
John F. Pray, 1862 ....
J. C. Jj Brown, 1862 ....
Jonas Fitch, 1864, 65, and 66$
Otis Norcross, *1865 and 66$
John H. Thorndike, 1864, 65, m, and 67$
Benjamin F. Stevens, 1866, 67, and 68 .
William S. Hills, 1867 ....
Charles R. Train, 1868 . . .
Joseph M. Wightman, 1868, and 69
Benjamin James, *1858, 68, and 69
Francis A. Osborn, 1869
Walter E. Hawes, 1870$
John O. Poor, 1870 ....
Hollis R. Gray, 1870 ....
Nathaniel J. Bradlee, 1863, 64, 65, 66, 67. 68, 69,
and 71
0,
Five years.
Eight years.
Five years.
Four yeai's.
One year.
One year.
Four years.
Two years.
One year.
Three years.
Six years.
Four 3^ears.
Two years.
Four years.
Three years.
Two years.
Two months.
Eight years.
Five years.
Five years.
One year.
Six years.
One year.
One year.
Three years.
Two years.
One year.
One year.
Three years.
Two years.
Four years.
Three years.
One year.
One year.
Two years.
Three years.
One year.
One year.
One year.
One year.
Nme years.
132
City Document No. 123.
George Lewis, 1868, 69, 70, and 71 . . . . Four years.
SiDNKY Squires, 187 If One year.
Charles H. Hersey, 1872 One year.
Charles H. ALLENf, 1869, 70, 71, and 72 . . . Four years.
Alexander Wadsworth, *1864, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, and
72 Seven years.
Charles R. McLean, 1867, 73, and 74| . . . Three years.
Edward P. Wilbur, 1873 and 74 .... Two years.
John A. Haven, 1870, 71, 72, 73, and 74:j: . , . Five vears.
Thomas Gogin, 1873, 74, and 75* . . . . '. Three years.
Amos L. Noyes, 1871, 72, and 75 Three years.
William G. Thacher, 1873, 74, and 75^... Three years.
Charles J. Prescott, 1875 One year.
Edward A. White, 1872, 73, 74, 75, and 76t . . Five years.
Leonard R. Cutter, 1871, 72, 73, 74, 75, and 76t . Six years.
L. Miles Standish, 1860, 61, 63, 64, 65, Q6, 67, 74, 75,
and 76f . Ten years.
Charles E. Powers, *1875 and 1876t .... Two years.
Solomon B. Stebbins, 1876t One year.
JSTahum M. Morrison, 1876f One year.
Augustus Parker, 1876t One year.
*Mi\ John H. Wilkins resigned Nov. 15, 1855, and Charles Stoddard was elected to
fill the vacancy. Mr. Henry B. Rogers resigned Oct. 22, 1865. Mr. Wilkins was re-
elected Feb., 1856, and chosen President of the Board, which office he held until his
resignation, .June 5, 1860, when Mr. Ebenezer Johnson was elected President ; and
July 2 Mr. L. MUes Standish was elected to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resig-
nation of Mr. Wilkins. Otis Norcross resigned Jan. 15, 1867, having been elected
Mayor of the City. Benjamin James served one year, in 1858, and was i-eelected in
1868. Alexander Wadsworth served six years, 1864-69, and was reelected in 1872.
Thomas Gogin resigned May 31, 1875. Charles E. Powers was elected July 15, to fiU
the vacency occasioned by the resignation of Mr. Gogin.
t Sei'ved until the organization of the Boston Water Board.
J Deceased.
Report of the Water Board. 133
Boston Water Board, Organized July 31, 1876.
Timothy T. Sawyer, from July 31, 1876, to May 5, 1879; and from
May 1, 188-2, to May 4, 1883.
Leonard R. Cutti-.r, from July 31, 1876, to May 4, 1883.
Albert Stanwood, from July 31, 1876, to May 7, 1883.
Francis Thompson, from May 5, 1879, to May 1, 1882.
William A. Simmons, from May 7, 1883, to present time.
George M. Hobbs, from May 4, 1883, to present time.
John G. Blake, from May 4, 1883, to present time.
Organization of the Board for Year 1883-84.
Chairman.
William A. Simmons.
Clerk.
Walter E. Swan.
City Efigineer and Engineer of the Board.
Henry M. Wightman.
Water Registrar of the Cochituate Department.
William F. Davis.
Water Registrar of the Mystic Department.
Joseph H. Caldwell.
Superintendent of the Eastern Division of Cochituate Department.
EzEKiEL R. Jones.
Superintendent of the Western Division of Cochituate Department.
Desmond FitzGerald.
Superintendent of Mystic Department.
3. Henry Brown.
Superintendent of Meter Divisio7i.
Hiram Cutts.
Superintendent of Inspection and Waste Division.
D. B. C ashman.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE
Eeport of the Water Board 1-21
Present condition of the service ....... 2
Prevention of vs^aste . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Daily and per capita consumption, 1882-84 . . . . . 4-5
Complaints ........... 11
Prevention of pollution ........ 12-14
Work upon the reservoirs . . . . . . . .14
High-service .......... 14
Jamaica Pond aqueduct ......... 15
Water-rates ............ 15
General statistics .......... 16
Earnings and expenditures, loans, etc . 17-21
Report of the Clerk ......... 22-29
Receipts and expenditures, etc. ....... 22-27
Cost of works 27-29
Report of the Engineer ......... 30-57
Sudbury-river reservoirs, and Lake Cochituate .... 30-33
Farm Pond conduit ......... 33
Aqueducts and distributing reservoirs ...... 34
Highland high-service works . . . . . . . . 34
Cost of pumping ......... 35
Necessity for new works . . . . . . . . "BS
Mystic lake 36
Mystic-valley sewer ......... 36
Mystic conduit and reservoirs ....... 37
Mystic pumping works . . ....... 38
Cost of pumping . . 38
New boilers 38
Consumption 39
Waste 39
Quality of water .......... 40
Distribution ........... 41
General condition and requirements of works .... 42
Tables : —
Daily average consumption of Cochituate and Mj'stic works,
1877-83 44
Diversion of Sudbury River water, 1878-88, .... 45
Average monthly and yearly heights of Reservoirs, 1882-83 . 46
Contents. 135
PAGE
Yield of Sudbury-river water shed, rainfall, etc., 1875-83 . 47
" " Lake Cochituate " " " " 1852-83 . 48
" " Mystic Lake " " " " 1876-83 . 50
Monthly amounts pumped, coal used, etc., at Highland station,
1883 51
Monthly amounts pumped, coal used, etc., at Mystic station,
1883 52
Daily rainfall at Lake Cochituate, 1883 ..... 53
" ," on Sudbury Elver water shed, 1883 ... 54
" " " Mystic Lake u «t ... 55
Monthly rainfall at various places, 1883 ..... 56
" temperatures of air and water, 1883 .... 57
Eepokt of Water Registrar of the Sudbury and Cochituate
Department .......... 58-65
Number of water-takers . 58
Revenue for year 1883-84 58
Number and size of meters in use ....... 59
Location of public drinking-fountains ...... 59, 60
Classes of takers supplied, and revenue received from each . . 61, 62
Number of water-takers, 1850-83 -63
Yearly revenue from water rates, 1849-84 64
Quantity used, and revenue received from different classes of
metered takers, 1882-83 65
Report of the Water Registrar of the Mystic Department . 66-76
Number of water-takers ........ 66
Revenue received during 1883-84 . . . . . . , 66
Location of stand-pipes and drinking-fountains .... 67-69
Number and kind of water-fixtures in use 70
Quantity used, and revenue received from different classes of
metered takers ......... 71
Classes of takers supplied, and revenue received from each . . 72, 73
Yearly revenue from water-rates, 1865-84 . . ' . . . 74-76
Report of Superintendent of Western Division . . . 77-90
Sudbury-river basins ......... 77-84
Report on shallow flowage of basin 2 ..... . 78-83
Farm Pond 84
Lake Cochituate 85
Dudley Pond 86
Sudbury-river aqueduct 86
Cochituate aqueduct 87
Chestnut Hill and Brookline reservoir . ..... 88
Table of rainfall at Chestnut Hill reservoir 89, 90
Report of Superintendent of Eastern Division . . . 91-105
Main pipe and services laid and relaid during year . . . 91,92
Table of location, size, and length of pipe mains laid during 1883 . 92-98
Table of location, size, and length of pipe mains relaid and
abandoned during 1883 99
Table showing length of mains laid during 1883, and total
length in use, May, 1884 100
136 City Document No. 123.
PAGE
Table showing number, and length of service-pipes laid in 1883,
and total number May, 1884 101
Eepairs of pipes .......... 102
Table showing number of leaks and stoppages, 1850-83 . . 103
Number of hydrants established in 1883, and total in use . . 104
" " stopcocks <' u ;i (. jQg
Report of Superintendent of Mystic Department . . 106-110
Mystic Lake 106
Mystic-valley sewer ......... 106
Conduit 106
Reservoir . . . . . . . ... . . 107
Pumping-service .......... 107
Roads and grounds ......... 107
Distribution-pipes .......... 107
Nu ber of breaks and leaks ........ 108
Tables showing length of pipes laid and relaid .... 108
Summary of pipes, gates, and hydrants connected with: works . 109
" " " services connected with works ..... 110
Report of Superintendent of Meter Department . . 111-113
Number of meters in use, etc. . . . . . . .111
Report of Superintendent of Inspection and Waste Depart-
ment . • . . . . . . . . . 114-129
Results accomplished by inspection ..... 114-117
Eirst inspection .......... 117
Tables showing work done by each inspector . . . 118-120
Summary of the first inspection ...... 121, 122
Second inspectiou .......... 123
Tables showing work done by each inspector . . . 123-127
Summary of second inspection to May 1, 1884 .... 128
Civil Organization of the Water Works 1846-84 . . 130-133
[Oct., 1884, 20,000] ' '
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