BY
2-:
I
I
ANNUAL REPORT
BOARD OF REGENTS
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION,
THE OPKUATIONS, EXPEM)ITI:RLS AND CONDITIUN
OF THE INSTITUTION
YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1897.
REPORT
or THK
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM.
WASHINGTON:
GOVERNMENT PRIXTIN(} OFFICE.
18(»0.
AN ACT l'l{OVII>IN(; FOR TUB I'UBLIC PRINTING AND BINDING, AND THK DISTRI-
BUTION or PUBLIC DOCUMKNTS.
Approved .January 12, 1895.
"Of the Report of the Srnithsoniau lustitution, ten thousand copies ; one thousand
coi)ies for the Senate, two thousand for the House, five thousand for distribution by
the Smithsonian lustitution, and two thousand for distribution by the National
Museum."
REPORT
(»F THE
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM,
UNDER IHK DIKKCTION OF
THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITl TION,
KOlt IIIK
YEAR ENl^lNG^ JUNK 30, 1897.
REPORT OF THE U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM FOR THE YEAR
ENDING JUNE 30, 1897.
SUBJECTS.
I. Eeport of the Acting Assistant Secretary of the Siuitbsoniau Iiisti
tutiou, ill charge of the National Musenm, with Appendices.
II. I'apers describing and illustrating collections in the U, S. National
Museum.
V
COl^TET^TvS.
Page.
SUB,IECTS V
Letter ok Transmit I ai vn
Contents ix
List ok Ilhstkatk )NS xi
PART 1.
Report ok the Assistant Secretary in Charge of the Nationai, Miseum.
i. — (ienerai, considerations.
General consiileratioiis 4
The scieiitific and administrative staff 6
Work of the Musenm 7
II. — SPECIAL TOPICS OK THE YEAR.
The Museum staff 9
Accessions to the collections 10
Catalogue entries 12
Approiiriations for 1897-98 13
Excliangi's of specimens with institutions and individuals abroad 14
Cooperation of the Executive Departments of the Government 18
Explorations 21
Collectors' outfits 22
Development and arrangement of the cxhil)ition series 23
Lahels 24
Library 25
Contributions of the year to scientific literature 25
Publications 26
Material lent for investigation 27
Work of students and investigators at the Museum 29
Visitors 31
Material received for examination and report 32
Meetings of associations in AVashington during the year 32
National Herbarium 33
New Museum building 34
Tennessee Centennial Exposition 34
Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition 34
International Exposition at Paris 34
Necrology 34
III. — REVIEW OK WORK IN THE SCIENTIFIC DEPARTiMENTS.
Department of —
Mammals 38
Birds 40
Birds' eggs 43
Reptiles and batrachians 43
Fishes 44
Molluaks 46
Insects 49
IX
X CONTENTS.
Department of — continued. Page.
Marine i n vertebrates 50
Helmintliological collection 53
Comparative anatomy 54
Paleontology 55
Botany (National Herbarium) 57
Minerals 60
Geology 62
Ethnology ; 63
Prehistoric anthropology 67
Arts and industries 69
Technological collections 69
Historical collections 73
Oriental autiquities and religious ceremonials 74
Graphic arts , 75
Materia medica 75
Musical instruments 76
Photographic collection 76
IV. — REVIEW OF WORK IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENTS.
Finance, property, supplies, and accounts 78
Correspondence and re^yorts 82
Registration and distribution 83
Buildings and superintendence 84
Work of the Museum preparators 85
APPENDICES.
I. The scientific and administrative staff 89
II. List of accessions during the year ending June 30, 1897 91
III. List of accessions to the Museum library by gift and exchange during
the fiscal year ending June 30, 1897 153
IV. Bibliography of the U. S. National Museum for the fiscal year ending
June 30, 1897 193
V. Papers published in separate form during the year ending June 30, 1897. 213
VI. Specimens sent to the Museum for examination and report 217
VII. Lectures and meetings of societies 235
VIII. Finance, property, supplies, and accounts 238
IX. Statement of the distribution of specimens during the year ending
June 30, 1897 239
PART II.
Papers Descririnc- and Illustrating Collections in the U. S. National
Museum.
1. Recent Foraminifera. By James M. Flint 249
2. Pipes and Smoking Customs of the American Aborigines, based on Material
in the U. S. National Museum. By Joseph D. McGuire 351
3. Catalogue of the Series Illustrating the Properties of Minerals. By Wirt
Tassiu » 647
4. Te Pito Te Henna, known as Rapa Nui; commonly called Easter Island,
South Pacific Ocean. By George H. Cooke 689
5. The Man's Knife among the North American Indians. By Otis Tufton
Mason 725
6. Classification of the Mineral Collections in the U. S. National Museum. By
Wirt Tassin 747
7. Arrowpoints, Spearheads, and Knives of Prehistoric Times. By Thomas
Wilson 811
LIST OF ILLUSTEATTOTVTS.
PLATES.
Rkcent Foraminifera. By James M. Flint.
Facing page.
1. Astrorhiza granulosa Brady - 350
2. Astrorbiza crassatina Brady 350
3. Fig. 1. Astrorhiza angulosa Brady 350
2. Astrorhiza arenaria Noriuau 350
4. Fig. 1. Pelosina variabilis Brady 350
2. Storthospha-ra albida Schultze 350
5. Piluliua jeffreysii Carpenter 350
6. Fig. 1. Critbioniua pisum Goes 350
2. Critbioniua pisum Goes, var. hispidum, new 350
7. Bathysipbon rufuui de Folin 350
8. Fig. 1. Psauimospba-ra fusca Sbultze 3.50
2. Psamuiospbiera fusca, var. testacea, new 350
9. Fig. 1. Psammospba-ra parva M. Sars 350
2. Saccammiua spberica M. Sars 350
3. Saccamiiiiiia consociata, new species 350
4. Jaculella acuta Brady 350
10. Fig. 1. Hyperammiua friabilis Brady 350
2. Hyperamniina elongata Brady 350
11. Fig. 1. Hyperamniina ramosa Brady 350
2. Hyperanmiina vagans Brady 350
12. Fig. 1. Marsipella elongata Norman 350
2. Rhabdamniina abyssorum M. Sars 350
13. Kbabdammina discreta Brady 350
14. Fig. 1. Rhabdamniina linearis Brady 350
2. Rbabdammina cornuta Brady 350
15. Fig. 1. Rbizammina alga-iormis Itrady 350
2. Rhizammina indivisa Brady 350
It). Fig. 1. Reophax dilHugiformis Brady, var. testacea, new 350
2. Rcopbax (liHiugiformis Brady 350
3. Reophax scorpiurus Montfort 350
17. Fig. 1. Reopba x scorpiurus Montfort 350
2. Reophax bilocularis, new species 350
18. Fig. 1. Reophax pilulifera Brady 350
2. Reophax dentaliniformis Brady . 350
3. Reophax bacillaris Brady 350
1. Reophax nodulosa Brady 350
5. Rcopbax adunca Brady 350
6. Reophax cyliudriea Bra«ly 350
XI
XII LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Facing page.
IH. Fig. 1. Haplophragminm calcareum Brady 350
2. Haplopliragmium agglutiiians Brady 350
3. Haplophragmium tenuimargo Br.idy 350
4. Haplophragmium cassis Parker 350
5. Haplophragmium emaciatum Brady 350
6. Haplophragmium foliaceiim Brady 350
20. Fig. 1. Haplophragmium latidorsatuiu Bornemann 350
2. Haplophragmium scitulum Brady 350
3. Haplophragmium cauarieuse d'Orhigny 350
21. Fig. 1. Haplophragmium globigeriniforme Parker «& Joues 350
2. Thurammina favosa, new species 350
3. Haplostiche soldanii Jones & Parker 350
22. Fig. 1. Thurammina papillata Brady 350
2. Thurammina cariosa, new species 350
23. Fig. 1. Ammodiscns tenuis Brady 350
2. Ammodiscus incertus d'Orbigny 350
24. Fig. 1. Ammodiscus gordialis Jones & Parker 350
2. Ammodiscus charoides Jones &, Parker 350
3. Webhina clavata Jones &. Parker 350
4. Hormosiu a globulifera Brady 350
25. Fig. 1. Hormosina carpenteri Brady • 350
2. Hormosina ovicula Brady 350
3. Trochammina proteus Karrer 350
26. Fig. 1. Trochammina lituiformis Brady 350
2. Trochammina conglobata Brady 350
3. Trochammina coronata Brady 350
27. Fig. 1. Trochammina ringeus Brady 350
2. Trochammina pauciloculata Brady 350
3. Cyclanunina cancellata Brady . 350
28. Fig. 1. Cyclammina cancellata Brady 350
2. Cyclammina pusilla Brady 350
3. Testularia quadrilatera Sch wager 350
4. Textularia transversaria Brady 350
5. Textularia concava Karrer 350
29. Fig. 1. Textularia cariuata d'Orhigny 350
2. Textularia rugosa Reuss 350
3. Textularia luculenta Brady 350
4. Textularia agglutinans d'Orbigny 350
5. Textularia gramen d'Orbigny 350
6. Textularia conica d'Orbigny 350
30. Fig. 1. Textularia trochus d'Orbigny 350
2. Textularia barrettii Jones & Parker 350
31. Fig. 1. Verneuilina pygmt«a Egger 350
2. Verneuiliua propinqua Brady 350
3. Valvulina conica Parker & Jones 350
4. Bigenerina nodosaria d'Orbigny 350
32. Fig. 1. Bigenerina robusta Brady 350
2. Bigenerina pennatula Batsch 350
3. Bigenerina capreolus d'Orbigny 350
4. Gaudryina pupoides d'Orbigu j'^ 350
5. Gaudryiua-baccata Sch wager 350
33. Fig. 1. Gaudryina subrotundata Sch wager 350
2. Gaudryina filiformis Berthelin 350
3. Gaudryina rugosa d'Orbigny 350
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. XIII
Facing page.
34. Fig. 1. Gamlryina scabra Brady 350
2. Gaudryina sipboucila Rouss 350
3. Clavnlina communis d'Oihigny 350
35. Fig. L Clavnlina coca'iia Giimbel 350
2. Clavnlina parisionsis d'Orbigny 350
3. Clavnlina jiaiisiensis d'Orbigny (var. coarse coral sand) 350
3(). l"ig. 1. Clavnlina parisicnsis d'Oibigu y, var. humilis Brady 350
2. Clavnlina angularis d'Orbigny 350
3. Bnlimina elegans d'Orbigny 350
4. Bnlimina pyrula d'Orbigny 3.jO
5. Bnlimina pyrnla d'Orbigny 350
37. Fig. 1. Bnlimina pyrnla, var. spinescens Brady 350
2. Bnlimina aftiuis d'Orbigny 350
3. Bnlimina pupoidcs d'Orbigny 350
4. Bnlimina acnleata d'Orbigny 350
5. Bnlimina intlata Segnenza 350
6. Virgnliua scbreibersiana Cz.jzek 350
7. Virgnlina subsqnamosa Egger 350
8. Bolivina a-nariensis Costa 350
38. Fig. 1. Bolivina punctata d'Orbigny 350
2. Bolivina porrecta Brady 350
3. Cassidnlina crassa d'Orbignj- 350
4. Cassidnlina snbglobosa Brady 350
5. Biloculina bulloides d'Orbigny 1 350
39. Fig. 1. Bilocnlina tubulosa Costa 350
2. Bilocnlina ringens Lamarck 350
3. Bilocnlina comata Brady 350
4. Bilocnlina elongata Ehrenberg 350
40. P"'ig. 1 . Bilocnlina depressa d'Orbigny 350
2. Bilocnlina depressa, var. serrata Brady 350
3. Biloculina dehiacens, new species 350
41. Fig. 1. Bilocnlina laivis Defrance 350
2. Bilocnlina spba^ra d'Orbigny 350
3. Biloculina irregularis d'Orbigny 350
4. Spiroloculiua nitida d'Orbigny 350
5. Spirolocnlina excavata d'Orbigny 350
42. Fig. 1. Spirolocnlina robusta Brady 350
2. Spirolocnlina robusta Brady 350
3. Spirolocnlina limbata d'Orbigny 350
4. Spirolocvilina plannlata I^aniarck 350
43. Fig. 1. Spirolocnlina arenaria Brady 350
2. Miliolina seminulum Linnaeus 350
3. Miliolina oblonga Montagu 350
4. Miliolina cuvierana d'Orbigny 350
5. Miliolina giacilis d'Orbigny 350
(i. Miliolina anberiana d'Orbigny 350
44. Fig. 1. Miliolina circularis Bornemann 350
2. Miliolina vennsta Karrer 350
3. Miliolina trigonnla Lamarck 350
4. Miliolina tricariuata d'Orbigny 350
5. Miliolina valvularis Keuss 350
6. Miliolina subrotnnda Montagix 350
45. Fig. 1. Miliolina bncculenta Brady 350
2. Miliolina insignis Brady 350
3. Miliolina labiosa d'Orbigny 350
4. Miliolina undosa Karrer 350
XIV LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Facing page.
46. Fig. 1. Milioliiia annularis, new species 350
2. Miliolina bicornis Walker A: Jacob 350
3. Miliolina linna ana d'Orbigny 350
4. Milioliua pulcliella d'Orbigny 350
5. Miliolina reticulata tVOrbigny 350
6. Miliolina separans Brady 350
47. Fig. 1. Articnlina sagra d'Orbigny 350
2. Miliolina agglutinans d'Orbigny ^ 350
3. Ophthalmidinm inconstans Brady 350
4. Veitebralina insignis Brady 350
5. Planispiriua celata Costa 350
6. Planispirina sigmoidea Brady 350
48. Fig. 1. Cornuspira foliacea Philippi .^ 350
2. Cornnspira carinata Costa 350
3. Cornnspira iuvolvens Reuss 350
4. Peneroplis pertusus Fcirskal 350
49. Fig. 1. Peneroplis pertusus Forskal, var. discoideus, new 350
2. Peneropl is pertusus Forskal 350
50. Fig, 1. Orbiculina adunca Fichtel & Moll 350
2. Orbitolitcs margiualis Lamarck 350
51. Fig. 1. Orbitolites marginalis Lamarck 350
2. Orbitolites duplex Carpenter 350
3. Orbitolites duplex Carpenter 350
52. Orbitolites tenuissima Carpenter 350
53. Fig. 1. Lagena elongata Ebrenberg 350
2. Lagena longispina Brady 350
3. Lagena gracillima Segnenza 350
4. Lagena globosa Montagu 350
5. Lagena distoma Parker & Jones 350
6. Lagena Levis Montagu 350
7. Lagena sulcata Walker & Jacob 350
8. Lagena hispida Reuss 350
54. Fig. 1. Lagena staphyllearia Sch wager 350
2. Lagena marginata Walker & Boys 350
3. Lagena castanea, new species 350
4. Lagena orbignyana Seguenza 350
5. Lagena castrensis Schwager 350
6. Nodosaria rotundata Reuss 350
55. Fig. 1. Nodosaria radicula LinuiBus 350
2. Nodosaria simplex Sylvestri 350
3. Nodosaria Levigata Nilsson 350
4. Nodosaria pyrnla d'Orbigny 350
5. Nodosaria farcimen Soldani 350
6. Nodosaria filiformis d'Orbigny '. - - 350
56. Fig. 1. Nodosaria consobrina d'Orbigny, var. emaciata Reuss 350
2. Nodosaria communis d'Orbigny 350
3. Nodosaria soluta Bornemann 350
4. Nodosaria hispida d'Orbigny, var. subliueata Brady 350
5. Nodosaria roemeri Neugeboren 350
57. Fig. 1. Nodosaria hispida d'Orbigny 350
2. Nodosaria mucronata Neugeboren 350
3. Nodosaria comata Batsch 350
4. Nodosaria obliqua Linnaeus 350
5. Nodosaria vertebralis Batsch 350
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. XV
Kuciiij; page.
58 Fi};. 1 . Nodosariii cost iila ta Ixeiiss 350
2. Nodosaria cateimlata Hrady 350
3. Linguliiia oariuata d'( )rbij;ny 350
4. Lingulina carinata tl'Orbigny, var. seminuda Hantkeu 350
59. Fig. 1. Frondioularia alata d'Orbigu y 350
2. Frondicularia ina'<|ualis Costa 350
3. Maigiiuiliua eiisis Reusa 350
60. Fig. L jNIargiuiilina glabra d'Orbigny 350
2. Yaginiilina legnim-n Liima-us 350
3. Vagiuulina spiuigeia Brady 350
61. Fig. 1. ^'agimllina linearis Montagu 350
2. Cristellaria tennis Bornemann 350
3. Cristellaria obtusata Renss, var. subalata Brady 350
62. Fig. 1. Cristellaria comprcssa d'Orbigny 350
2. Cristellaria roniforniis d'Or])igny 350
63. Fig. L Cristellaria variabilis Renss 350
2. Cristellaria crepidula Fichtel & Moll 350
3. Cristellaria latifrons Brady 350
4. Cristellaria schloenbachi Reuss 350
5. Cristellaria acntanricnlaris Fichtel »fc Moll 350
6. Cristellaria italica 1 )efrance 350
64. P^ig. 1. Cristellaria gibba d'Orbigny 350
2. Cristellaria articnlata Reirss 350
3. Cristellaria orbicularis d'Orbigny 350
4 . Cristellaria rotnlata Lamarck 350
65. Fig. 1 . Cristellaria A'ortex Fichtel & Moll 350
2. Cristellaria cultrata Montfort 350
66. Fig. 1. Cristellaria calcnr Linna-ns 350
2. Cristellaria ecliinata d'Orbigny 350
3. Cristellaria aculcata d'Orbigny 350
67. Fig. 1. Cristellaria limbata, new species 350
2. Polymorplaina soraria Renss 350
3. Polyniorpbina comprcssa d'Orbigny 350
4. Polymorphina elegantissima Parker &. Jones 350
5. Polymorphina oblonga d'Orbigny 350
6. Polymorphina communis d'Orbigny 350
68. Fig. 1. Uvigerina tenuistriata Reuss 350
2. Uvigerina pygmaa d'Orbigny 350
3. Uvigerina angulosa Williamson 350
4. Uvigerina asperula Czjzek 350
5. Uvigerina asperula Czjzek, var. ampullacea Brady 350
6. Ramnlina globulifera Brady 350
7. Ramnlina proteiformis, now species 350
69. Fig. 1. Orbuliiia uni versa d'Orbigny 7. 350
2. Globigerina bulloidcs d'Orbigny 350
3. Globigerina intlata d'Orbigny 350
4. Globigerina dubia Egger 350
.5. Globigerina rubra d'Orliigny 350
6. Globigerina conglobata Brady 350
70. Fig. 1. Globigerina sacculifera Brady 350
2. Globigerina digitata Brady 350
3. Globigerina aciuilateralis Brady 350
4. Hastigerina pelagica d'Orbigny 350
5. Pullenia (|uin(|ueloba K'euss 350
6. Pullenia obli(juiloculata Farker tV .loncs 350
XVI LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Facing page.
71. Fig. 1. SphaBroidina bulloides d'Orbigny 350
2. Spliferoidina dehiscens Parker & Jones 350
3. Candeina nitida d'Orbigny 350
4. Spirilliua vivipara Ehrenberg 350
5. Spirillina limbata Brady 350
6. Spirillina obcouica Brady 350
72. Fig. 1. Cymbalopora poeyi d'Orbigny 350
2. Discorbina globularis Karrer 350
3. Discorbina rosacea d'Orbigny 350
4. Discorbina bertheloti d'Orbigny 350
5. Discorbina biconcava Jones & Parker 350
6. Planorbulina mediterranensis d'Orbigny 350
7. Planorbulina acervalis Brady 350
8. Pulvinulina repanda Fichtel & Moll 350
73. Fig. 1. Pulvinulina punctulata d'Orbigny 350
2. Pulvinulina auricula Fichtel & Moll 350
3. Pulvinulina nienardii d'Orbigny 350
4. Pulvinulina luenardii d'Orbigny, var. fimbriata Brady 350
5. Pulvinulina tumida Brady 350
74. Fig. 1. Pulvinulina crassa d'Orbigny 350
2. Pulvinulina micheliana d'Orbigny 350
3. Pulvinulina pauperata Parker & Jones 350
4. Pulvinuliua umbonata Reuss 350
5. Pulvinulina karsteni Reuss 350
75. Fig. 1. Pulvinulina elegans d'Orbigny 350
2. Rotalia beccarii Linnfeus 350
3. Pulvinulina partschiana d'Orbigny 350
4. Rotalia soldanii d'Orbigny 350
5. Rotalia orbicularis d'Orbigny r-- ■ 350
76. Fig. 1. Rotalia schroeteriana Parker & Jones 350
2. Rotalia papillosa d'Orbigny 350
3. Rotalia pulcbella d'Orbigny 350
4. Truncatuliua lobatula Walker & Jacob 350
77. Fig. 1. Truncatuliua wuellerstorfi Schwager 350
2. Truncatuliua uugeriana d'Orbigny 350
3. Truncatuliua robertsoniana Brady 350
4. Truncatuliua tenera Brady 350
5. Truncatuliua akneriana d'Orbigny 350
6. Truncatuliua pygmsea Hantkeu 350
78. Fig. 1. Truncatuliua prajcincta Karrer 350
2. Truncatuliua rosea d'Orbigny 350
3. Truncatuliua reticulata Czjzek 350
4. Anomalina ammonoides Reuss 350
5. Anomalina grosserugosa Giimbel 350
79. Fig. 1. Anomalina ariminensis d'Orbigny 350
2. Anomalina coronata Parker & Jones 350
3. Anomalina polymorpha Costa 350
4. Rupertia stabilis Wallich 350
5. Nonionina boueana d'Orbigny - 350
(5. Gypsina inhserens Schultze 350
80. Fig. 1. Nonionina scapha Fichtel & Moll - 350
2. Polystomella striatop un ctata Fichtel & Moll 350
3. Polystomella crispa Linn»us 350
4. Amphistegina lessonii d'Orbigny 350
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. XVII
Pipes ani> Smoking Ci'stoms ok tiik Amkricax Ahokioixes, Haskd on .Matkuial
IN THE U. S. National Mtsei'm.
By .losEiMi I). McGi'iKE.
Facing page.
Frontispiece. A smoking function 646
1. Localities where typical pipes aiv found 046
2. Localities where typical pipes are found 646
3. Localities where typical pipes are found 646
4. Localities where typical pipes are found 646
ARKOWI'OINTS, Sl'EAKllKADS, AND Kxi\ ES Ol' I'UKIIISTOKIC TlMES.
Hy Thomas Wilson. >
1. Prehistoric iron knives and spearheads. Cemetery of Chei'tan-thagh,
Russian Armenia 838
2. Specimens of fine arrowpoints. Italy 840
3. Specimens of fine arrowpoints. Italy 840
4. Flint flakes, arrowpoints, and spearheads. Gnrob, Egypt, Xllth dynasty,
2600 H . C 846
5. Pointed flint flakes, picks, hammer stones, and chisels. Spiennes, Belgium. 856
6. Ueer-horn picks. Grimes Graves, and Brandon, Suffolk, England 856
7. Flint objects from prehistoric workshops. Grand Pressigny (Indre-et-
Loire), France, and other localities in Europe 858
8. Flint knapper engaged in quartering flint. Brandon, Suffolk, England. .. 862
9. Flint knapper flaking the flints into long slips 862
10. Knapping the flakes into gun flints. Brandon, Suffolk, England 862
11. Implements from flint mines. England 864
12. Cache of scrapers. Goaleuec, Brittany 868
13. Map of Flint Ridge, Ohio, showing aboriginal flint quarries and work-
shops 868
14. Worked flints from workshops. Flint Ridge, Ohio 870
15. Flint chips from workshop. Flint Ridge, Ohio 871
16. Microscopic thin sections of flint. England 876
17. Microscopic thin sections of Hint. Denmark, France, and Belgium 876
18. Microscopic thin sections of flint. France and United States 877
19. Microscopic thin sections of flint. United States 877
20. Microscopic thin sections of flint and other rocks. United States 878
21. Microscopic thin sections of flint and other rocks. United States 878
22. Microscopic thin sections of rocks, used for aboriginal implements. United
States 879
23. Specimens of rock from which thin sections were made 879
24. Specimens of rock from which thin sections were made 879
25. Obsidian Cores, flakes, and finished arrowpoints. Principally from North
America 880
26. Concave arrow-shaft scrapers of flint. England and United States 884
27. Arrow-shaft grinders. Cherokee, Iowa 885
28. Leaf-shaped arrowpoints, spearheads, or knives. Division I, Class A 895
29. Leaf-shaped arrowpoints, spearheads, or knives. Division I, Class B 899
30. Leaf-shaped arrowpoints, spearheads, or knives. Division I, Class B 899
31. Leaf-shaped arrowpoints, spearheads, or knives. Division I, Class C 906
32. Triangular arrowpoints, spearheads, or knives. Division II 909
33. Stemmed arrowpoints, siiearheads, or knives. Division III, Class A 915
34. Stemmed arrowpoints, spearheads, or knives. Division III, Class B 917
35. Stemmed arrowpoints, spearheads, or knives. Division III, Class C 925
36. Stemmed arrowpoints, spearheads, or knives. Division III, Class C. .. 925
NAT MUS 97 II
XVIII LIST OF ILLUftTKATIONS.
Facing page.
37. Peculiar forms^ofarrowpoints, spearheads, or knives. Division IV, Class A. 931
38. Peculiar forms of arrowpoiuts, spearheads, or knives. Division IV, Class
B, C, D 934
39. Peculiar forms of arrowpoints, spearheads, or knives. Division IV, Class
E, F, G, H,I 937
40. Peculiar forms of arrowpoints, spearheads, or knives. Division IV, Class I 942
41. Flint and obsidian loaf-shaped blades, handled as knives. Hupa Valley,
California 947
42. Leaf-shaped flint blades in wooden handles, fastened with bitumen.
Santa Barbara and Santa Cruz islands, California 948
43. Leaf-shaped blades of flint and chalcedony, showing bitumen handle fas-
tening. California 949
44. Ulu, or woman's knife. Hotham Inlet and Cape Nome 950
45. Common arrowpoints, handled by the author to show their possible use as
knives 951
46. Humpbacked knives. District of Columbia, United States, and Somali-
land, Africa 951
47. Humpbacked knives. United States 951
48. Manner of holding " humpbacks " for use as knives 952
49. "Humpbacks" chipped smooth, showing intentional knives. United
States 953
50. "Humpbacks" of quartzite with one cutting edge used as knives. United'
States 953
51. Rude knives of flint and hard stone, chipped to a cutting edge on one side
of the oval. United States 953
52. Rude knives of flint, jasper, etc. United States 953
53. Knives with stems, shoulders, and barbs, resembling arrowpoints and
spearheads, but with rounded points unsuitable for piercing 953
54. 55. Unilateral knives 954
56. Flint flakes chipped on one edge only, intended for knives 955
57. Flint flakes chipped on one edge, intended for knives 955
58. Arrowpoints or spearheads inserted in ancient human bones. Cavern,
Kentucky 959
59. Plan showing one of layer of cache of 95 argillite implements. Chester
County, Peunsyh'ania 972
60. Plaster cast (model) of a spring near Hibriteu Mountain, North Carolina,
showing 15 leaf-shaped implements in cache. Lenoir, North Carolina .. 972
61. Large spearheads of chalcedony. Little Missouri River, Arkansas 974
62. Flint disks, made from concretionary flint nodules. Illinois; Ohio 974
63. Pile of 7,382 chipped flint disks, cached in mound 2, Hopewell farm,
Anderson Station, Ross County, Ohio 975
64. Large spearheads of chalcedony. College Corners, Ohio 975
65. Spearhead of white flint. Cariientersville, Illinois 982
TEXT FIGURES.
PiPKS AND Smoking Customs of the American Aborigines, Based on Material
IN the U. S. National Museum.
By Joseph D. McGuire.
Page.
1. A tobacco pipe 365
2. Suufling tube. Tiahuanaco 365
3. Mexican smoking 372
4. Mexican smoking 374
5. Mexican holding pipe 374
6,7. Ancient Pueblo pottery pipe. Sikyatki, Arizona 378
LTST OF ILLITSTRATIONS. XIX
Page.
8. Ancient oriiaineutal Tiiehld |>()tt<i\ jiijx'. Sikyatki, Arizona 379
y. Pueblo pottery i>ii)e. Taos, New Mexico 37<(
10. Pueblo pottery pipe. Nanibe, New Mexico 379
11. Pueblo pottery pipe. Northern New Mexico 380
12. Ancient clay pipe. San Juan River, New Mexico 381
13. Tubular implement, probably pipe. Boone County, West \' irninia 382
14. Copper tube. Mound Wolfe Plain, Ohio 383
15. IHone i>ipe. Kiowa Indians ' 384
16. Comanche bone pipe 384
17. Ancient stone tubular pipe. Wilkes County, Georgia 385
18. Stone tube with bon(^ mouthpiece. Santa Barbara, California 380
19. Unfinished tubular stone pijx'. Cook County, Tennessee 387
20. Tubular pipe of soft, indurated clay. Santa Barbara, California 388
21. Sandstone tube. Frankfort, Kentucky 388
22. Pottery tube pipe. Dan River, Virginia 389
23. Tube and cup-shaped implement. Bartow County. Georgia 390
24. Red pottery tube and bowl pipe. Colorado River 390
25. TubuLir wood pipe. Hupa Reserva' on 392
26. Wood pipe . Hupa Reservation 392
27. All-wood pipe. Hupa Reservation _ 392
28. Sandstone tubular pipe. Hupa Reservation 393
29. Steatite tubular pipe. Hupa Reservation 393
30. Tubular wood pipe. Hupa Reservation 393
31. Root-plaited tol)acco bag. Hupa Reservation 394
32,33. Wood and stone pipe. Hupa Reservation 394
34-36. Wood and stone pipe. Hupa Reservation 395
37. Wood and stone pipe. Hupa lieservation 396
38. Concretion stone. Morgantown, West Virginia 396
39. Stone hourglass tube. Nashville, Tennessee 397
40. Hourglass tubular pipe. Ashland ( Kentucky ) Mound 399
41. Tubular stone pipe. Williams Island, Tennessee 400
42. Mexican pottery pipe •. 407
43. Glossy pottery pipe. Mexico 408
44. Hard-burned pottery pipe. Santa Clara, New Mexico 409
45. Floridian smoking 415
46. Pipe bowl of volcanic tuff. Oregon 424
47. Stone bowl pipe. Berks County, Pennsylvania 425
48. Ovoid stone bowl. Brownsville, Ohio 425
49. Stone urn-shaped bowl. Cumberland County, Tennessee 426
50. Stone bowl with thong hole. BloonUield, New York 426
51. Unfinished pipe. Franklin County, Indiana 427
52. Vase-shaped pipe. Accotink, Virginia 428
53. Rectangular stone, pipe. Sterling, Connecticut 429
54. Animal pipe. Middleboro, Massachusetts 429
55. Animal-head pipe. Lancaster County, Pennsylvania 430
56. Animal-head pipe. Piijua, Miami County, Ohio 430
.57. Human-head pipe. West Virginia 431
58. Bird pipe. Sandusky, Ohio 431
59. Bird pipe. Murphy, North Carolina 432
60. Bird ])ipe. Williamson County, Tennessee 432
61. Swan pipe. Mineral County, West Virginia 433
62. Pottery pipe. Mount Vernon Barracks, Alabama 433
63. Antler jiipe. Fort Wrangel, Alaska 434
64. Fossil ]>ipe. Pottawatomie, Kansas 434
65. Stone bird jiipe. Blount County, Tennessee 438
66. Stone pigeon pipe. Decaf ur County, Ti-nnessee 439
XX LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Paga
67. Stone wood-duck pipe. Cumberland Comity, Tennessee 439
68. Animal- head stone pipe. Jackson County, North Carolina 440
69. Human hand and arm. Western Tennessee 441
70. Bird with human head. Chillicothe, Ohio 442
71-73. Iron, brou/e, and clay pipes 452
74. Dutch form of clay trade pipe. London , England 453
75. English form of trade pipe. London, England 453
76. English type of clay pipe. Guda, Holland 454
77. Pottery trade pipe. Warren, Rhode Island 454
78. Stt-atito trade pipe. Norfolk, Virginia 454
79. Stone pipe. Nacoochee, Georgia . 455
80. Type of stone trade pipe. Tioga, New York 455
81. Italian type of clay pipe. Rod Bank, New Jersey 456
82. Modern clay pipe. Holland 456
83. Brazed iron pipe. Cherokee County, North Carolina 459
84. Stone pipe. Westerly, Rhode Island 460
85. English type of tomahawk pipe 465
86. Tomahawk pipe. Devils I./ak(>, Dakota 465
87. French type (?) of tomahawk pipe. Kiowa Indians 466
88. Spanish type of tomahawk pipe. Greenbrier County, West Virginia 467
89. Monitor pipe. Milford, Massachusetts 469
90. Monitor pipe. Sullivan County, Tennessee 470
91. Monitor pipe. Caldwell County, North Carolina 470
92. Flat-base monitor pipe. Cumberland County, Tennessee 471
93. Monitor pipe, Kanawha County, West Virginia 471
94. ] jroad-based monitor pipe. Knox County, Tennessee 472
95. Curved-base monitor pipe. Kanawha County, West Virginia 472
96. Curved-base monitor pipe. Loudon County, Tennessee 472
97. Pottery monitor pipe. Fort Wayne, Michigan 473
98. Type of monitor j)ipe. Ross County, Ohio 473
99. Type of monitor (?) pipe. Kanawha, West Virginia 474
100. Rectangular pipe. Bradford County, Pennsylvania 475
101. Rectangular pipe. Lancaster County, Pennsylvania 475
102. Micmac pipe. Newark, Ohio 480
103. Micmac pipe. Ungava, I^abrador 481
104. Ornamented Micmac pipe. Fort Niagara, New York 482
105. Bird's head ISIicmac pipe. Oriskauy, New York 484
106. Totemic Micmac pipe. St. John River, Maine •-.. 485
107. Catlinite pipe. Kentucky 486
108. Pipe with handle. Loudon County, Tennessee 486
109. Disk pipe of limestone. Union County, Kentucky 487
110. Disk pipe of oolitic limestone. Wabash County, Illinois 488
111. Pottery pipe. Chautauqua, New York 493
112. Trumpet pipe. Ellisburgh, New York 493
113. Iroquoian pottery pipe. Sandusky County, Ohio 494
114. Iroquoian pottery pigeon pipe. Cayuga County, New York 495
115. Iroquoian pottery crow (?) pipe. Onondaga County, New York 495
116. Iroquois escutcheon pottery pipe. Massachusetts 497
117. Iroquois pipe of stalagmite. Oswego County, New York 498
118. Iroquois pottery pipe. Bloomfield, New York 499
119. Iroquois pottery pipe. Watertowu, New York 500
120. Iroquois pottery pipe. Honeoye Falls, New York 501
121. Stone bird pipe. Allegheny County, Pennsylvania 502
122. Stone bird pipe. Erie County, Pennsylvania 503
123. Calumet 505
124. Calumet dance 506
LIST <»F ILLI'STRATIOXS. XXI
Pago.
12;"). Waniptim belt 507
1'26. Mound ])ij>e. Clark County, Ohio 514
127. Mouml pipe, .Marit-tta, Ohio 514
128. Mound snake jiipc. Mound City, Ohio 518
129. Mound frog pipe. Momid City, Ohio 518
130. Mound turtle pipe. Naples, Illinois 519
131. Mound Indian head pipe. Mound City, Ohio 519
132. Mound racfoon pipe. Naples, Illinois 520
133. Mound pipe. Mound City, Ohio 520
134. Mound bird pipe. Mound City, Ohio 521
135. Mound eajjlo pipe. Naples, Illinois 521
136. Jlouiid elephant pipe 523
137. Straight-base mound pipe. Clifton, Kanawha Conuty, West Virginia.. . 527
138. Doable conoidal pipe. McNairy County, Tennessee 528
139. Double eonoidal pipe. Ohio 529
140. Double conical pipe. Ohio 530
141. Double conical pipe. Louisiana 536
142. Double conical ])ipe. Louisiana 531
143. Double conical pipe. Southern Missouri 531
144. Double conical jiipe. Mobile I?ay, Alabama 532
145. Double conical pipe. Georgia 532
146. I)ic<inical pipe. Wood County, \irginia 533
147. Biconical pipe. Osceola, Arkansas 533
148. Modern pottery mound pipe. St. Johns River, Florida 534
149. lUconical pipe. Indian I5ay, Lonoke County, Arkansas 534
150. Biconical pottery ])ipe. Carroll County, Tennessee 535
151. Pottery pipe. Loudon County, Tennessee 535
152. Biconical frog pipe of sandstone. Branch County, Michigan 536
153. Biconical frog pipe. Cherokee Nation 536
154. Biconical frog ])ipo. Miami County, Ohio .537
155. Biconical pottery frog pipe. Nelson County, y4rgiuia 537
156. Biconical animal idpe. Coahoma County, Mississippi 538
157. Biconical animal pipe. Louisiana 538
158. Biconical animal pipe. Hot Springs, Arkansas 539
159. Biconical stone-ligure pipe. Monroe County, Arkansas 539
160. Biconical stone pipe. Kingston, Tennessee 540
161. Biconical stone-hunter pipe. Stoddard County, Missouri 540
162. Biconical pottery pipe, Mississippi County, Arkansas 540
163. Idol pipe. Hollywood Mound, Georgia 541
IfrL Idol pipe. Monroe County, Arkansas 541
165. Idol pipe. Etowah Mound, (Georgia 542
166. Great pipe. Kentucky 543
167. Great pipe representing man and bird. Lexington, Kentucky 543
16S. Indurated clay ]>ipe. Knox County, Tennessee 544
169. Banded green slate pipe. Dnbu<(ue, Iowa 544
170. Steatite pipe. Boone County, Missouri 545
171. Bridegroom ]>ipe. Rhea County, Tcinnessee 545
172. Bridegroom piiie. Columbia, South Carolina 546
173. Calumet dance 557
174. Siouan catlinite pipe 577
175. Catlinite pii)e. Evanstou, Illinois 577
176. Double-bowled catlinite pipe 578
177. Sioux pipe. Fort Buford, North Dakota 578
178. Catlinite i)ipe. Dakota 579
179. Sioux ])ipe. Upper Missouri River 579
180. Lead and stone Siouan pipe .'>80
XXII LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Page.
181 . Metal pipe. Upper M issouri 581
182. lulaid Sioux pipe. Dakota 581
183. Sioux catliuite pipe 582
184. Sioux pij)e. Sioux, Dakota 582
185. Steatite pipe. Mineral County, West Virginia 583
186. Northwest coast pipe of steatite. American River, California 584
187. Puget Sound pipe. Puget Souud 585
188. Eskimo pipe 587
189. Russian type of Eskimo pipe. Nome Island, Alaska 587
190. Eskimo pipe 590
191. Eskimo pipe 591
192. Alaskan pipe. Utklawin, Alaska 591
193. Eskimo pipe of willow 502
194. Modern Pueblo pipe .' 596
195. Wolpi Pueblo pipe. Wolpi Pueblo, Arizona 597
196. Moki Pueblo pipe. Moki Pueblo, New Mexico 597
197. Green stone pipe. Santa Fe, New Mexico 597
198. Delaware pipe. Delaware 598
199. Cherokee pipe. Cherokee County, North Carolina 599
200. Cherokee stone pipe. Cherokee County, North Carolina 599
201. Rectangular pipe. .leffersou County, Indiana 600
202. Rectangular pipe. Pike County, Missouri 600
203. Angular pipe. Arizona 601
204. Angular pipe. Southern Utah 601
205. Natural form. Chautauqua County, New York 602
206. Cherokee type of sawed stone jjipe. Howard County, Missouri 603
207. Cherokee stone pipe. Bradley County, Tennessee 604
208. Cherokee pottery pipe 604
209. Stone pipe. Jackson County, Missouri 605
210. Wood and lead pipe. Rhode Island 606
211. Portrait pipe. San Salvador, Central America 606
212. Rectangular stone pipe. Indiana 607
213. Atlantic coast pipe. Monroe County, Tennessee 609
214. Atlantic coast jjipe. Lenoir, Caldwell County, North Carolina 610
215. 216. Atlantic coast pipe. Caldwell County, North Carolina 610
217. Atlantic coast piije. Monroe County, North Carolina 611
218. Atlantic coast pipe. Caldwell County, North Carolina 611
219. Atlantic coast pipe. Essex County, Massachusetts 612
220. Southern mound pipe. Monroe County, Tennessee 613
221. Southern mound jjipe. Loudon County, Tennessee 613
222. Southern mound pipe. Monroe County, Tennessee 613
223. Southern mound pipe. Ashe County, North Carolina 614
224. Southern mound pipe. Caldwell County, North Carolina 614
225. Southern mound pipe. Caldwell County, North Carolina 615
226. Southern mound pipe -- 615
227. Southern mound pipe. Etowah mound, Bartow County, Georgia 616
228. Southern mound pipe. Bradley County, Tennessee 616
229. Southern mound pipe. Loudon County, Tennessee 616
330-232. Southern mound pipe. Etowah mound, Bartow County, Georgia 617
233. Southern mound pipe. Loudon County, Tennessee 617
234. Southern mound pipe. Camden County, Georgia 618
235. Southern mound pipe 618
236. Southern mound pipe. Loudon County, Tennessee 619
237. Southern mound pipe. Nacoochee, Georgia 619
238. Mound type of molded pottery pipe. Etowah mound, Georgia 619
239. Combination clay, copper, and wood pipe. St. Louis, Missouri 622
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. XXIII
Thk Man's Knike among the North American Indians.
By Otis Tufton Mason.
Page.
1. Farrier's knife. Washington, D. C 733
2. Micmac curved knife 733
3. Micmac curved knife 734
4. Passaniaq noddy knife 734
5. Curved knife from Unsjava 735
6. Curved Ivuifo from Montagnais Indians 735
7. Curved knife from Nascopi Indians 736
8. Eskimo knife. Mackenzie River 736
9. Two-banded curved knife, showing structure and method of using. Yak-
utat, Alaska 737
10,11. Carver's knife, and guard for back of hand. Sitka, Alaska 738
12. Carver's knife for two hands. Sitka, Alaska 739
13,14. Carver's knives. British Columbia 739
15. Curved knife. Fort Rupert Indians 740
16. Carver's kni ves. From the Ainos 740
17. Curved knives. Amoor region 741
Arkowpo'nts, Speauiieads, and Knives ok Pkeiiistoric Times.
By Thomas Wilson.
1. Acheuldeu implement of flint. St. Acheul, France 824
2, Paleolithic implement of qnartzite. Madras, India 824
3, 4. Mousterien spearhead of flint. Le Moustier, France 825
5,6. Paleolithic points and harpoons of reindeer horn. La Madeleine, France. 826
7-10. Paleolithic points and harpoons of reindeer horn. La Madeleine, Dor-
dogne, France 826
11. Solutrt-en point of chipped flint. Solutre, France 827
12-14. Solutr<^en points of chipped flint. France 828
15, 16. Solutroen points of chipped flint. Dordogne, France 829
17, 18. Solutroen fl int points. Dordogne, France 829
19. Primary arrow release ^31
20. Secondary arrow release 831
21. Tertiary arrow release 831
22. Mediterranean arrow release 831
23. Mongolian arrow release 832
24. Scythian and Parthian bow 832
25. Greek bow 832
26. Greek bow case and quiver 832
27. Greek bronze "three-tongued" arrowpoint. Persepolis 832
28. Greek bronze "three-tongued" arrowpoints. Marathon 833
29. 30. Prehistoric iron spearheads. Cemetery of Mou(;;i-y<'ri, Russian Armenia. 837
31-38. Prehistoric iron spearheads. Cemetery of Cheitan-thagh, Russian
Armenia 8.^8
39,10. Prehistoric Armenian bows, engraved on bronze cinctures. Cemetery
of Akthala and iloufi-ydri 839
41-^15. Prehistoric arrowpoints of bronze and iron from Armenia 840
46,47. Prehistoric arrowpoints of chipped obsidian, tranchant transversal.
Cemetery of Mouyi-yi'Ti, Armenia 840
48. Section showing geology of prehistoric flint mine. Spiennes, Belgium. .. 851
49. Section of prehistoric flint mines. Spiennes, Belgium 852
50. Section of shaft in the preliistoric flint mines, showing ancient workings
and how they were fllled. Spiennes, Belgium 854
51. Sectiim of shaft in the prehistoric flint mines, showing ancient workings
and how they were filled. Spiennes, Belgium 855
XXIV LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Page.
52. Section of pit in the prehistoi-ic flint mines. Spiennes, Belgium 856
53. Flint implement ; the peculiar product of a prehistoric worksliop. Grand
Pressigny (Indre-et-Loire), France 858
54. Section of prehistoric flint mine or pit. Mur-de-Barrez (Aveyron) 859
55. Prehistoric deer-horn hammer and pick combined. From flint mine at
Mur-de-Barrez (Aveyrou), France 859
56. Section of prehistoric flint mine. Meudoa (Oise), France 860
57. Section of a j)it of the prehistoric flint mine at Champignolles (Oise),
France 861
58. '' Strike-a-light," steel and tinder, used by French peasants. Paris,
France 862
59. Prehistoric pick marks in the hard clay in the excavation of an Etruscan
tomb. (Del Colle Cassuccina), Chiusi, Italy 863
60. Plan of prehistoric flint mines. Cissbury, England 865
61. Portion of plan of prehistoric flint mines. Cissbury, Sussex, England. .. 866
62. 63. Iron flaking hammer and a " strike-a-light " made with it. Albania,
Greece 878
64. Flint core, with its flakes in place as struck 879
65. Section of flint nucleus showing how flakes are struck off 879
66,67. Hammer stonos. Ohio, New York 880
68,69. Eskimo arrow ilakors, points of reindeer horn, handle of ivory 881
70, 71. Eskimoarrowilakers, pointsofreindeer horn, handlesofwoodand ivory . 881
72-74. Flakers of antler or bone in handles of wood , 882
75, 76. Flint flakers ( ?) with smooth, rounded ends, worn by use. Yorkshire,
England 883
77. Arrow-shaft grinder, chlorite slate. Cajie Cod, Massachusetts 885
78. Serpentine arrow-shaft straightener, with three smooth grooves, ornamen-
tal irregular incised lines. Santa Barbara County, California 886
79. 80. Arrow-shaft straighteners of wood or ivory 886
81. Leaf-shaped spearhead of flinty chert, pointed at both ends. Madison
County, Kentucky 892
82. Sword of dark-brown flint. Williamson County, Tennessee 893
83. Sword of obsidian. Oregon 893
84. Ferruginous conglomerate containing jasper pebbles. Blount County,
Alabama 894
85. Pale-gray flint having the appearance of agatized wood. Austin, Texas. 894
86. Yellow chert. Tennessee River, opi^osite Savannah, Tennessee 895
87. Leaf-shaped implement, pointed at both ends. Folsom, Sacramento
County, California 896
88. Leaf-shaped imj)lement, i)ointed at both ends 896
89. 90. Leaf-shaped imitlement, pointed at both ends 897
91. Leaf-shaped implement, i)ointed at both ends. Santa Barbara County,
California 897
92. Leaf-shaped implement, pointed at both ends. California 897
93. Leaf-shaped implement, pointed at both ends. National Museum, Mexico. 897
94. Leaf-shaped implement, pointed at both ends, two notches near base for
fastening handle. Gilmer County, Georgia 898
95. Leaf-shaped implement of gray hornstone, pointed at both ends. Belle-
ville, St." Clair County, Illinois 898
96-101. Leaf-shaped arrowpoints, pointed at both ends 899
102. Leaf-shaped implement of argillite, with straight base. Trenton, New
Jersey 900
103. Leaf-shaped implement of argillite, with straight base. Trenton, New
Jersey 900
104. Leaf-shaped implement of pale-gray jaspery flint, with convex base 901
105,106. Leaf-shaped implement of dark-gray flint, witli convex base 901
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. XXV
Page.
107. Leaf-8liiii)tMl imiileincnt <»f (l;iik-<j;r:iy tliiit, with convex l)!ise. San Miguel
Isliuul, Calitbruia 902
lOS. L('af-shai)e<l implement t)f jaspery grayish Hint, with ci>nvex base iK)2
109. Loaf-shaped implement of obsidian, with (convex base. San Miguel
Island. California 902
110. Leaf-shaped implement of lustrous chalcedonic dint or silicified wood,
with convex base. San Miguel Island, California 902
111. Li-af-shaped implement of pale gray chakedonic (lint, with ((invex base.
San Migufl Island, California 903
112. Leaf-shaped implement of translucent chalcedony, with straight base.
Tennessee 903
118. Leaf-shaped implement of ])orphyritic felaite, with convex base. Dart-
mouth, Bristol County, Massachusetts 903
111-118. Leaf-shaped implements 901
119-123. Leaf-shaped implements 905
124. New Caledonian javelin (modern) 900
125. Leaf-shaped implement of brownish-gray jasper, with concave base and
parallel edges. Santa Barbara County, California 900
120. Leaf-shaped implement of gray Hint or jasper, with straight 1>a8e and
parallel edges. Santa Barbara County, California 907
127. Leaf-shaped implement, with concave base and parallel edges. Califor-
nia 907
128. Leaf-shaped implement of lustrous flint or chalcedony, with slightly
concave base and parallel edges. California 907
129. Leaf-shaped implement of lustrous flint or chalcedony, with concave base
and parallel edges. California 908
loO. Leaf-sliaped implement of lilack flint, with concave base and parallel
edges, California 908
131. Leaf-shaped implement of black flint, with convex base and parallel
edges. California 909
132. Triangular, equilateral arrowpoint. Nantucket Island, Massachnsetts .. 911
133. Triangular arrowpoint or spearhead, with straight edges and concave
base. Rhode Island 911
131. Triangular arrowpoint of gray flint, with concave edges and base. Still-
water, Washington County, New York 911
135. Triangular arrowpoint, with concave base. Chilmark, Massachusetts. .. 911
130. Triangular arrowpoint, deeply concave. Oregon 912
i:>7. Triangular arrowpoint of white (juartz 912
138. Triangular arrowpoint of pale gray flint, with convex base. St. George,
Washington Conutj', Utah 912
139. Stemmed arrowpoint of porphyritic felsite, lozenge-shaped. La Paz,
I>ower California 915
140. Steninu'd arrowpoint of porphyritic felsite, lozenge-shaped. Edgartown,
Dukes County, Massachusetts 915
141. Stemmed arrowpoint of white (|uartz, lozenge-shaped 915
142. Stemmed arrowpoint, lozenge-shaped. East Windsor, Hartford County,
Connecticut 916
113. Stemmed arrowpoint, lozenge-shaped. Keeseville, Esse.x County, New
York 916
1 14. Stemmed arrowpoint of pale gray flint, lozenge-shaped 916
145. Prehistoric stone arrowpoint inserted in shaft and tied with fiber. Switz-
erland 917
14G. Stemmed arrowpoint of black flint, shouldered but not barbed. Plain-
field, Windham County, Connecticut 917
147. Stemmed arrowpoint of gray flint, shouldered but not barbed. Kingston,
Washington Cotiut.\ , K'hode Island 91S
XXVI LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Page.
148. Stemmed arrowpoiut, shouldered but not barbed. Groveport, Frankliu
County, Ohio 918
149. Stemmed arrowpoint of greenish-gray hard slate, shouldered but not
barbed. Georgia ,- 918
150. Stemmed arrowpoint, shouldered but not barbed. Southold, Suffolk
County (Long Island), New York 918
151. Stemmed arrowpoint, shouldered but not barbed. Tennessee 919
152. Stemmed arrowpoint, shouldered but not barbed. New Braunfels, Comal
Countj, Texas , 919
153. Stemmed arrowpoint, shouldered but not barbed. Plantersville, More-
house County, Louisiana 919
154. Stemmed arrowpoint of pale gray flint, shouldered but not barbed. St.
Mary County, Maryland 919
155. Stemmed arrowpoint of yellowish-brown jasper, shouldered but not
barbed. Susquehanna River, Pennsylvania 920
156. Stemmed arrowpoint of yellowish-gray flint, shouldered but not barbed.
Brownsville, Licking Countj', Ohio 920
157. Stemmed arrowpoint, shouldered but not barbed. Lincoln County, Ten-
nessee 920
158. Stemmed arrowpoint, shouldered but not barbed. South Dennis, Barn-
stable Countj', Massachusetts 920
159. Stemmed arrowpoint of bluish chalcedonic flint, shouldered but not
barbed. Ohio 921
160. Stemmed arrowpoint, shouldered but not barbed 921
161. Stemmed arrowpoint, shouldered but not barbed. St. Clair County,
Illinois 921
162. Stemmed arrowpoint of gray flint, shouldered but not barbed. Edmond-
son County, Kentucky 921
163. Stemmed arrowpoint, shouldered but not barbed 922
164. Stemmed arrowpoint of black flint, shouldered but not barbed. San
Miguel Island, California 922
165. Stemmed arrowpoint, shouldered but not barbed. Ohio 922
166. Stemmed arrowpoint of dark gray flint, shouldered but not barbed.
Tennessee 922
167. Stemmed arrowpoint, shouldered but not barbed 923
168. Stemmed arrowpoint of white jaspery flint, shouldered but not barbed.
West Bend, Washington County, Wisconsin 923
169. Stemmed arrowpoint of brown flint, shouldered but not barbed. Deu-
nysville, Washington County, Maine 924
170. Stemmed spearhead, shouldered and barbed 926
171. Stemmed spearhead of whitish chalcedony, shouldered and barbed.
Shreveport, Caddo County, Louisiana 927
172. Stemmed spearhead, shouldered and barbed. Crawford County, Wiscon-
sin 928
^73. Stemmed spearhead of gray flint, shouldered and barbed. Saratoga
County, New York 929
174. Stemmed spearhead of gray flint, shouldered and barbed. McMinnville,
Warren County, Tennessee 929
175. Stemmed spearhead, shouldered and barbed 929
176. Stemmed arrowpoiiit of gray flint, shouldered and barbed. Orange
Count}% Indiana 930
177. Stemmed arrowpoint of pale-brown flint, shouldered and barbed. Santa
Barbara County, California 930
178. Stemmed arrowpoint of dark-gray flint, shouldered and barbed. Sharps-
burg, Washington County, Maryland 930
TJST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. XXVII
Page.
17'J. Stcuinied air(>wj)oint, shoiiltleiod iiucl biirbed. Oregon 930
180. roculiar lonii of arrowpoint, with beveled edges, tllkton, Giles County,
Tennessee 932
181. Peculiar form of arrowpoint, with beveled edges. Tennessee 933
182. Peculiar form of arrowpoint, with beveled edges. I'oint Lick, Kentucky. 933
183. Peculiar form of arrowpoint, with beveled edges. Louisville, Kentucky. 933
184. Peculiar form of arrowjioint, with serrated edges. Oregon 931
18.5. Peculiar Ibrm of arrowpoint, with serrated edges. Stockton, San Joaquin
County, California 934
181). Peculiar form of arrowpoint, with bifurcated .stem. Tennessee 935
187. Peculiar form of arrowpoint, with extremely long barbs, square at ends.
liudston, England 93(>
188. Peculiar form of arrowpoint, triangular in section, reddish jasper. ( 'biri-
qui, Panama, I'nited States of Colombia 937
189. Peculiar forms of arrowpoints, broadest at cutting end — tranchant trans-
versal. Aisue, France 938
190. Peculiar forms of arrowpoints — tranchant transversal 939
191. Arrowpoint of bone, with narrow grooves on each side and sharp tlint
flakes fastened with bitumen or gum. Sweden 943
192. Yew bow from prehistoric lake dwelling. Robenhauseu, Switzerland 945
193. Eskimo knife with nephrite blade, ivory handle, and wooden shaft. Nor-
ton Pay, Alaska 950
194. Leaf-shaped blade of agatized wood. Wyoming 951
195. Unilateral knife of yellow flint. Georgia 954
19(>. Human vertebra (prehistoric) incrced with flint arrowpoint (tranchant
transversal) 957
197. Human tibia (prehistoric) pierced with flint arrowpoint (tranchant trans-
versal). France 958
198. Ancient skull i)ierced with a flint arrowpoint, perforator. California... 958
199. Ancient human vertebra i)ierced with quartz arrowpoint, healed 959
200. Ancient skull pierced with perforator arrowpoint. Illinois 959
201. Ancient skull, arrow wound over left eye, entirelj'^ healed. Missouri . .. 959
F A. K T I
REPORT
UPON THE
CONDITION AND PROGRESS'OF THE U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM DURING
THE YEAR ENDING JUNE 3U, 181)7.
CHARLES D. WALCOTT,
ACTING ASSISTANT SECltKTAKY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSITTIHTON,
IN CHAKGE Oi-' THE U. S, NATIONAL MUSEUM.
IvIAT 31US 07 1
UPON
TIIK ('UM)ITI(IN AM) PKOCIIESS Ol' Till": V. S. NATIONAL MISEIM
DURING THK VEAK KNDINC JUNE 3(1, 1897.
BY
Chaklks D. Walcott,
Act'ivij Assistant Secretary, Smithnoiiian ln><titi(tioii, in rharyc of U. S. \alional ^fll8^ urn.
I.— GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS.
It was my good fortune to be associated with tlie late Dr. (1. Brown
Goode for many years, botli as a friend and as an Honorary Curator of
the National Museum, with a laboratory in the Museum building. We
were thus in (jontinuous social and professional intercourse for a period
of fourteen years, and during this time 1 became well ac(]uainted with
the great work that he was doing, and obtained a fairly clear c.tnception
of the history, present condition, and, to a certain extent, future needs
of the M useum. Nevertheless, when, after Professor Goode's death, the
Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, Dr. S, P, Langiey, recjuested
me to take temporary charge of the ^luseum, it was only after much
hesitancy that I concluded to assume the responsibility, my reluctance
arising (-hietly from the fear that, owing to ofhcial duties previously
assumed, the comparatively small amount of time that 1 could devote
to the Museum would uot suttice for the proi)er care and advancement
of its interests. However, I took charge of the Museum in .lanuary,
1897, and ray liope that the cooperation and supi)ort of the othcers and
assistants (;onnected with tiie Museum would be so large and so effi-
cient as satisfactorily to su[)plement my own labors, has been realized.
In a conversation had with Dr. Goode a few weeks before his death
I learned that he wished to make more or less of a reorganization of
the ^luseum staff' and collections, and had he lived there is no doubt
that this would have been done at an early day, on lines that he had
already outlined in various papers. Soon after taking charge 1 made
a thorough investigation of the personnel and organization of the
Museum, and made a number of recommendations to the Secretary,
whi(;]i were approved ami went into ellect July 1. is:t7. The classifica-
tion iu force prior to that date, printed in the body of this reiiort, had
4 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897,
been iu use many years. The new organization, which went into effect
July 1, 1897, will be found on pages 6 and 7.
It has been the custom to present in the Annual Report of tlie
Museum certain general cousiderations. In following this precedent
reference will be made to the functions and policy of the Museum as
outlined by Dr. (Toode.
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS.
By act of Congress passed in 1840 the Smithsonian Institution
became the only lawful place of deposit for '' all objects of art and of
foreign and curious research, and all ol)jects of natural history, plants,
and geological and mineralogical specimens belonging to the United
States." These collections have served as a nucleus for the iSTational
Museum of the United States. For many years this Museum was sup-
ported entirely at the expense of the Smithson fund, aud a considerable
portion of the collections is the property of the Institution through
gift or purchase.
The early history of the Museum — in the building up of which Pro-
fessor Henry, and later Professor Baird, assisted so ably l)y Dr. Goode,
took such great interest — is already well known to the readers of the
National Museum rei)orts, the first chapters of which in recent years
having been devoted to its presentation and discussion. A special
paper treating of the relations between the Smithsonian Institution
and the National Museum and the early collections wliich came into its
possession was prepared by the late Dr. G. Brown (4oode, under the
title "The Genesis of the National Museum," in 1891.'
Ill an historical review Dr. Goode pointed out that the iiistory of the
Museum may be divided into three periods — first, from the fouiulation
of the Smithsonian Institution to 1857, during which time s[)ecimens
were collected solely to serve as materials for research; second, from
1857, when the Institution assumed the custody of the " National
Cabinet of Curiosities," to 1876, during which interval the Museum
became a place of deposit for scientific c<dlections which had already
been studied; and, tliird, from 187G to the present time, in which the
Museum has undertaken more fully the additional taslc of gathering
collections and exhibiting them on account of their value from an edu-
cational standpoint.
When the present Museum building was first occupied, in 1881, elab-
orate plans were made for the reorganization of the Museum staff. The
first of them (Circular 1) is entitled "Plan of organization and regu-
lations." Of this it may be said, in passing, that the regulations
embodied therein were so admirably considered and drawn up that no
radical changes have become necessary since it was issued, although
occasional minor modifications and additions have been made from
time to time, to meet the special requirements of varying conditions,
1 Report of the Smithsouian Institutiou. U. S. National Museum, pp. 273-330.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 5
and on account of tbe establisliment of new departments and sections
in tbe Museum. In tliis pamphlet the functions and policy of the
Museum are clearly delined, as may be seen from the following ])ara-
graphs (juoted from its pages:
The collections in the National Mnsenni are intended to exhibit the natural and
industrial resources ])riiiiarily of the United States and secondarily of those of the
remainder of the world, for the j)urpose of comparison.
The activity of the Museum is exerted in three directions: («) The permanent
preservation of ohject.s already in its possession ; (h) the ac(|uisition of u<'w material ;
(c) the utilization of material already in its possession, by its exhibition in the most
instructive manner and by the prosecution of and ])ublication of scientific researches
for which it forms the basis; by the distribution of properly labeled duplicates of
materials to colleges and other educational institutions.
The preservation of material is accomplished l»y nidans of the vigilance of the
curators and the skill of the preparators.
New material is aciinireil (a), in accordance with law, from the various govern-
ment surveys and expeditious; (b) by gift from individuals, from other institutions,
and from foreign governments; (c) by exchange for its duplicate specimens or j)ub-
lications; (d) by the efforts of ofticers of the ^luseuni, who niake collections in C(m-
nection with their regular duties or are detailed for special service of this nature;
(e) by purchase, when appropriations are made by Congress for that purjtose.
The treasures in the custody of the Museum are utilized to the world by exhibiting
them to the public, and by encouraging investigations on the part of the otlieers of
the Museum and other suitable jjersons, and facilitating the publication of the
results; also by the distribution toother museums and educational institutions of
duplicate specimens, which have formed the basis of scientific investigation, these
being identified and labeled by the best authorities.
]>}• these means the Museum fulfills a threefold function:
1. It is a museum of recfinl. in which are i)ieserved the material foundations of an
enormous amount of scientific knowledge, the types of numerous past investiga-
tions. This is especially the case with those materials which have served as a
foundation for the reports upon the resources of the United States. Types of inves-
tigations made outside of the Museum are also incorporated.
2. It is a museum of research, by reason of the policy which aims to make its con-
tents serve as fully as ])ossible as a stimulus to and a foundation for the studies of
scientific investigators.
Research is necessary in order to identify and group the objects in the most philo-
sophical and instructive relations. Its ofticers are selected for their ability as inves-
tigators, as well as for their trustworthiness and abilities as custodians, and its
treasures are open to the use of any honest student.
8. It is an educational museum of the broadest type, by reason of its policy of
illustrating by s]>ecimcns of every kind of natural objcict and every manifestation
of human thought and activity, by displaying descriptive labels adapted to the
jiopular mind, aiul by its jiolicy of distributing its jmblications and its named s<^rie8
of duplicates.
The collections forming the Xational Museum were from the begin-
ning very diverse in cluiracter, and when tiie new building for tlie
Museum was ready for occupancy in 1881 it was extremely desirable
that a very comprehensive classification should be adopted. Such a
classification was elaborated by Dr. (loode (Circulai- l.''>), in which man
was the central figure. Natural objects, both animate and inanimate,
6 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
were regarded as liis resources, and each of tbe arts resultiug- from the
utilization of these resources was assigned its proper i^lace.
While this great anthropocentric scheme of classilication, with its
multiplicity of divisions, was of the highest utility in arranging and
distributing the vast assemblage of objects in the Museum, it was rec-
ognized at the same time (Circular 1) that the collections could readily
be administered by the establishment of four principal scientific
departments — those of anthropology, zoology, botany, and geology.
Various causes prevented the adoption of tliese departments; minor
divisions and sections along these lines had multiplied from year to
year to meet current demands until it became apparent that further
development had practically reached a limit and that a consolidation
under a few principal departments was imperative.
The new plan of organization, which included three departments —
Anthropology, Biology (or Zoology and Botany combined), and Geology
(including Paleontology), was formulated and went into effect July 1,
1897. It is given in detail in the following tabulation. The results of
its operation will be considered in the report for 1898.
THE SCIENTIFIC AND ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF.'
S. P. Langley, Secretary of (he Siiiitlisoniau Institution. Keeper, ExOtlic.io.
Charles D. Walc.ott, Acting Assistant Secretary of the Smithsoniaii Institution, in charge of the IT. S.
National Museum.
Frederick W. True, Executive Curator.
Scientific Staff.
DErARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY:
W. H. Holmes, Head Curator.
(a) Division of ethnology:
0. T. Mason, Curator.
Walter Hough, Assistant (hirator.
F. H. Cushing, Collaborator.
J. W. Fewkes, Collaborator.
{h} Division of Historic Archceohigy :
Paul Haupt, Honorary Curator.
(!yrus Adler Honorary Assistant Curator
1. M. Casanowicz, Aid.
(c) Division of Prehistoric Arehceidogy :
Thomas Wilson, Curat<ir.
(d) Division of Technology (Mechanical phases).
J. E. A¥atkins Curator.
Section of Electricity:
G. C. Maynard, Custodian.
(e) Division, of GiajMc Arts:
S. R. Koehler, Honorary Curator.
Section of Pliotograjihy:
T. W. Sniillie, Custodian.
(/) Division of Medicine:
J. M. Flint, IT. S. N., Honorary Curator.
(g) Division of Jieligions:
Section of Historic Iteligious Vcreitionials:
Cyrus Adler, Custodian.
(h) Division of History and Biography:
Section of American History:
A. H. Clark, Custodian.
Paul Beckwitli, Aid.
' The organization of thi^ staff for the \ ear en
Department of Biology:
Frederick W. True, Head Curator.
(a) Division of Ma)JiMals:
Frederick W. True, Acting Curator.
G. S. Miller, jr.. Assistant Curator.
D. W. Prentiss, Aid.
(b) Division of Birds:
Robert Ridgway, Curator.
Charles W. Richnioud, Assistant Cura-
tor.
J. H.Riley, Aid.
Section of Birds Eggs:
William L. Ralph, Custodian.
(c) Division of lieptiles and Batrachians:
Leonhard Stejneger, Curator.
(d) Division of Eishes:
Tarleton H. Bean, Honorary Curator.
Barton A. Koan, Assistant Curator.
(e) Division of Mollusks:
AVilliam II. Dall, Honorary Curator.
C. T. S)mi)son, Aid.
Paul Bartsch, Aid.
(/) Division of Insects:
L. 0. Howard, Honorary (Jural or.
W. H. Asliniead, Assistant Curator.
R. P-. Currie, Aid.
Section of Hymeno2)tera:
W. H. Ashmead, In charge.
Section of Myriapoda:
O. F. Cook, Custodian,
liug June l!0, 1897, is lU'inted in A])i)CU(lix I.
REPORT OF ACTTNfi ASSISTANT SECRETARY.
SriENTiFir Staff -Continued.
Df.i'artment of Bioi.ocy— Continiioil.
Section of lHjitera :
D. \V. Ooquillett, Cuatoiliaii
Section of Coleoptera .-
W. A. Schwarz, C<isto<li:ni.
Section of Lepidoptera :
narrison G. Dyar, Ciistodian.
ill) Division of Ma rill !• Iiiri'rtehraleg:
llicliarrt llatlibini. Honorary Curator.
J. K. r.i'noilu't, Fir.xt Assistant Curator.
M.J. Katliltun, Second Assistant Ciirator.
Section of nelminthological Collections :
C. W. Stiles, Custodian.
(h) THvii-ion of Comparative Anatomy :
Frederic A. Lucas, Curator,
(i) Division of Plants (Xntional Herharium):
Frederick V. Covillc. Honorary Curator.
J. N. Ivoso, Assistant Curator.
C. L. Pollard, Assistant Curator.
(). F. Cook, Assistant Curator.
Miss Carrie Harrison, Aid.
Section of Forestry :
B. E. Fernow, Honorary Curator.
Section of A Ir/ev :
W. T. Swingle, Custodian.
Section of Lower Fungi:
D. G. Fairchild, Custodian.
Associates in Zoology (Honorary):
Theodore X.Gill.
C. Hart Merriani.
R. E. C. St<'am.s.
11|-.PARTMF,XT OF GF.OLOOY:
George T. Merrill, Head Curator.
(a) Ih'vigion of Physical and Chemical (lenloiiy
(Systematic and Applied):
Goorge P. Merrill. Curator.
, Assistant Curator.
W. H.Newliall, Aid.
ill) Dirifidii of Mineralor/y :
F. AV. Clarke, Honorary Curator.
"Wirt Tassin. Assistant Curator.
Ilev. Dr. L. T. Chamberlain, Custodian
ot Gems and Precious Stones,
(c) Division of Slralifjrajjhic I'al.'ontolotjy :
Cliarles D. Walcott. Honorary Curator.
(."Iiarlee .Scliucliert, Assistant Curator.
Section of Vertehrale Fossils:
O. C. JIarsli, Honorary Curator.
F. A. Lucas, Acting Assistant Curator.
Section of Invertebrate Fossils:
■ Paleozoic: Charles Schucliert, Custodian.
Mesozoic: T. W. Stanton, Custodian.
Cenozoic: "\Y. H. Dall, Associate Cura-
tor.
Section of Palco-hotany:
Lester F. Ward, Associate Curator.
F. H. Knowlton, Custodian of Mesozoic
Plants.
David White. Custodian of Paleozoic
Plants.
Associate in Paleontology (Honorary):
Charles A. White.
Administrative Staff.
Chief Clerk, W. V. Cox.
Chief of Buildings and Superintendence. J. E. Watkins.
Chief of Correspondence and Documents, K. I. Geare.
Photographer. T. W. Smillie.
Itegistrar, S. C. Brown.
Disbursing Clerk, AV. W. Karr.
Property Clerk. W. A. Knowles (Ac ting).
Librarian, Cjtus Adler.
Assistant Librarian, N. P. Scudder.
Editor, ^Marcus Benjamin.
Worl- of the MuHcum. — Tlius tar, refereiice lias been made to the orifrin
and growth of tlie collections, and to tbe plans atlo[)ted for their proper
iustallation and exhibition. There are, however, other functions of the
INIuseuin which have been brought into operation from time to time
witli a special view to aiding" the scientilic work of students and inves-
tigators. Thus, during the year covered by this report, nearly 127,(K)()
geological and biological specimens, selected from the duplicates, were
distributed to universities, colleges, and in a less degree to normal
sihools also. The publications of tlie Museum, consisting of the
Annual l\eport. Proceedings and Bulletins, are distributed as freely as
the limited editions will permit, to libraries and individuals, both at
home and abroad. The constantly increasing re^piests for the identili-
oation of specimens are invariably complied with, except when analyses
of geological si)ecimens are desired. These the Museum can not make,
8 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
as it has no facilities for doing- such work, nor is it considered expedi-
ent that the curators should expend their time in assaying material
sent for tlie purpose of furthering purely commercial interests. The
thousands of letters containing requests for information on almost
every conceivable topic are all carefully answered. These now number
from 1L>,000 to 15,000 a year. Not only is much of the time of the
curators consumed in furnishing data for replies, but where the request
shows ii Ixrna fide desire for scientific information, publications bearing
upon the subject are carefully selected and forwarded, free of charge,
to the applicant.
Additional remarks on the work of the Museum in public education
nmy be found on pages 18-20 of the lieport of the National Museum
for 181)5.
The library of the Museum, which was established primarily as an
aid to the curators in their Museum work, is now under excellent con-
trol and is increasing rapidly. Sectional libraries have been established
in every department and section, whereby each curator has close at hand
such books as he may desire to consult in his special field of work.
The privileges of consulting the books in the main collection are freely
extended to a limited number of persons who, although not officially
connected with the Museum, have given satisfactory evidence of their
desire to avail themselves of the benefits to be derived from access to
the library.
Popular courses of lectures have been frequently provided, and, in
addition, the lecture hall has been placed at the disposal of societies
desiring to hold their meetings in the Museum, or to give lectures on
si)e(;ial educational topics.
To sum up the policy and aims of the Museum, it may be said that
the leading ideas kept in mind are to aid in the education and eleva-
tion of the masses, and to promote the advancement of scientific
research, (1) through the medium of the collections exhibited; (2) by
aftbrdiug to specialists access to the "reserve" collections; (3) by the
identification of specimens; (4) through the agency of the library; (5)
by the donation of specimens to educational institutions; (0) by the
distribution of its publications; (7) by its lecture courses, and (S) by
imparting special information through correspondence.
II.— SPECIAL TOPICS OF THE YEAR.
'J'HE MUSEU:\I STAFF.
Dr. (i. I Jrown (roode, Assistant Secretary of tlie Smirlisoiiian Institu-
tion, in charge of the National Museum, died on September fi, IHOG. An
extende<l aocount of the life and services of this eminent naturalist and
museum administrator will he found in another volume of this report.
The affairs of the Museuni were administered by Dr. Frederick W.
Tiue, Executive Curator, until January 1*7, 1807, when the present
Acting Assistant Secretary was appointed to take charge.
Mt. W. C. Winlock, honorary curator of physical apparatus, died on
September -0, at Bay Head, New Jersey.
The superintendent of buildings, Mr. Heiiry Horan. died on Septem-
ber 20. A new division, that of Buildings and Su])erintenden('e, was
organized on October 10, to take the i)lace of the former dei)artment of
Buildings and Labor, and Mr. J. E. Watkins, curator of the technolog-
ical collections, Avas placed in charge.
i\Iaj. Charles Bendire, r. S. A., honorary curator of birds' eggs, died
on February 4, at Jacksonville, Florida.
Dr. F. W. True was appointed Bepresentative of the Smithsonian
Institution ami National Museum for the Tennessee Centennial Ivxix)-
sition, which opened at Nashville, Tenn., May 1, 1807. Mr. W. V. Cox
was assigned to si)ecial duty in connection with the same Exposition
on January 27. On February 2 Mr. J. L. Willige was designated a(;ting
chief clerk.
On .luneO Dr. Leonliard Stejneger and Mr. F. A. Lucas were detailed
tem])orarily, by order of the President of the United States, for duty
on the Alaska Fur-Seal Investigation Commission.
Mr. J. N. Itose and Mr. C. L. Bollard, assistant curators in the depart-
ment of botany, were transferred from the Department of Agriculture
to the Museum roll, i^rof. O. F. Cook was a])pointed assistant curator,
and ^liss Carrie Harrison, aid, in the same department.
Mr. T. W. Smillie was designated custodian of the photographic col-
lections on July 15.
Rev. Dr. L. T. Chamberlain, of New York City, was placed in charge
of the collection of gems and ]>recious atones on January 11.
Mr. M. L. Linell, aid in the department of insects, died on May '.>.
10
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Dr. I. M. Casauowicz was api^ointed aid on August 12, 1896.
A list of the officers of the Museum, corrected to June 30, 1897, is
printed in Appendix I.
ACCESSIONS TO THE COLLECTIONS.
There has been an increase of more than 50 per cent in the number
of specimens received during the year, as compared with 189G, the total
having been 111,910. The number of accessions or lots of material
shows an increase of 168, giving a total of 1,467 accessions for the year
just closed. The increase' is most apparent in the departments of
botany, insects, mollusks, geology, prehistoric anthropology, and orien-
tal antiquities, and in the section of helminthology and the historical
collections. The total number of specimens in the Museum is now esti-
mated to be 3,720,237. The figures for each department are given in
the appended tables.
Number of specimens received in 1896-97.
Department.
Spe(dmpn8.
Arts and iudiistries :
Materia meilica
Animal products
Graphic arts
Transportation and engineering
Electrical collections
Naval architectnre
Historical collections
Pliotoffrapliic collections
Musical instruments
Modern pottery, porcelain, bronzes, etc.
Pliysical apparatus
Domestic animals
Ethnology
Pueblo collection
Oriental antifjuities and religious ceremonials
Prehistoric anthropology
Mammals (skins and alcoholics)
Birds
Birds' eggs and nests
Koptiles and batrachians
Fishes
Mollusks
Insects
Marine invertebrates
Ilelininthological collection
Compai'ativc anatomy :
Mammals
Birds
5
1
2
3
253
5
3, 441
47
50
143
1
2
1,600
2,234
628
a 13, 840
1,011
4,947
940
1,158
2,110
10, 400
13, 217
2,371
h 2, 949
Reptiles and batrachians if
Fishes IJ
«In addition, a large (luautity of aboriginal pottery, estimated at 20,000 s])eciinens, has been trans-
ftirrcd to this dei)artment.
fc Clumber ot catalogue entries during the year.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY.
Xiimhcr of sin'rimens rccvivctl in IS9<i-97 — Coiitiiiucd.
11
l»('li:irtiiiiiil.
Sin'cinicns.
Paleontology :
^■l•I•tl'l>^ato fossils . . .
Invei-tobratp fossils .
Valeozoic
Mesozoic
Ceiiozoic
Fossil i)laiits
Rrceiit iilants
Minerals
Geology
Total
5, 300
40,000
1,341
3,801
111,910
Number of specimens in the departments of the Museum on June 30, 1897.
Department.
Specimens.
Arts anil industries :
Materia niedica .
Textiles.
Fislierics
Animal prodacts-
Gmpliic arts
Forestry
F.tlinolosy
Pueblo collection
Oriental antiquities and religious ceremonials
Prehistoric anthrojxdogy
Manuuals (.skins and alcoholics)
Birds
IJirds' eggs and nests
IJeptiles and batrachians.
Fishes
MoUusks
Insects
Transi>ortatiou and engineering
Electrical collections
Kaval architecture
Historical collections
Phot<><:raphic collections
Musical instruments
Modern ]>ottery, porcelain, bronzes, etc
I'aints and dyes
Physical apparatus
Oils and gums
Chemical products '
Domestic animals
430,
a 17,
3,
rt250,
10,
104,
62,
36,
150,
63'J,
643,
528,
6 4
Marine invertebrates
llelminthologi<'al collection
Ciiuiparative anatomy :
Ostology
Anatomy /
(iTIie preliistoric pottery, with the exceiitiou of llio pueblo series, has been transferred to
department of ])rehistoric nnthrnjiology. Tlie nuiu Iter of spocimcns transferred is estimated at 20,
h Number of catalogue entries t<i .1 unc 3(1, 18!)7.
330
114
942
080
040
622
749
914
395
330
790
284
393
008
197
307
219
0711
1,55
618
250
223
487
887
777
000
300
000
700
499
the
000.
12 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Xiimlwr of sjiecimena in the departments of the Museum on June 30, 1897 — Continnod.
Department.
Paleontology :
Vertebrate fossils...
Invertebrate fossils
Fossil ))lauts
Recent plants
Minerals
Geoldjiy
Specimens.
Total.
28, 898
76, 205
3, 720, 2:i7
The following- table shows the number of accessions annually since
1881 :
Tear.
Accession
uiinibers
(Inclusive).
Nnmlier of
accessions
during
the year.
1881
9890-11000
11001-12500
12501-13900
13901-15550
15551-16208
16209-17704
17705-19:!50
19351-20831
20832-22178
22179-23340
23341-24527
24528-25884
2588.5-27150
27151-28311
28312-29534
29535-30833
30834-32300
m
1882
500
1 883
■100
1884
650
1885 (January t
1886
658
tP6
1887
616
1888
181
1889
fl7
1890
16"
1891
187
1 892
357
1893
"66
1 891
161
1895
oo-^
1896
9f)lt
1897
467
A complete list of the accessions for the year is printed in Appendix 11.
CATALOG-UE ENTRIES.
The number of catalogue entries made during the year was 67,007,
more than double the number for the preceding year. The increase is
most apparent in the departments of prehistoric anthropology, ]ia]eon-
toloo^y, and mammals. The entry figures for each collection are given
in the following table:
Department.
Arts and industries:
Materia nuulica
Graphic arts
Transportation and engineering
Electrical coUections
Entries.
5
2
3
276
KEPOKT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECKETARY.
C(il(ilo(jiic ( iitrUs — ( 'ontiiiiu'tl.
De|i:irliiiont.
13
Aris anil iiuliislrii-s— Continued.
Naval anliitocture
Historical collections
Musical instruments
Modern pottery, i>orcclain, bronzes, etc.
Physical apparatus
Domestic animals
Ktlinolo"
!>?:.>■
I'uelilo collection
Oriental anticjuities and relifrious ceremonials
Prehistori<- autliropulogy
Mammals (skins and alcoholics)
liirds
Birds' ejigs and nests
Reptiles and batnicliians
Fishes
Mollusks
Insects
Marine in vertebrate j
Ilehiiintbological colle<'tion .
Comparative anatomy :
Mammals
Birds
Reptiles and liatrachians.
Fishes
I'aleontolo.^y :
Vertebrate fossils ...
Invertebrate fossils
Paleozoic
iIe.sozoic
Cenozoic ,
Fossil i>lant8
Recent plants
Minerals
Geology
Total
5
441
39
120
1
2
895
1.82G
."iO
22, 210
11,079
4,947
300
1,158
781
2,808
239
825
2, 949
374
532
394
67. 097
APPKOPRIATIONS FOR 1897-98.
The ai;))ro|»riiitioiis for the iiscal year eiulin.u Jane .'>(), 1S'.»8, areas
('olh)\vs :
rreservatiou of collections $160,000
I 11 III it It re and lixtiucs 30,000
Heating and ligiitinj,' 14,000
Biiildiii",' repairs 4,000
Kent of \vorksIio2)8 2,000
Postage stamps 500
(lalleries 8,000
Ivemoval of sheds 2, .^00
Printing and biiidiug 12, 000
Total 233,000
14 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
This is an increase of $;i5,275 over the appropriation for the fiscal
year just closed. The increase in the regiihir appropriation, however,
is only $7,775, the remainder (|17,500) being- for the removal of sheds
and the purchase of furniture and fixtures for the galleries.
EXCHANGES 0¥ SPECIMENS WITH INSTITUTIONS AND INDIVliniALS
ABROAD.
The exchanges which have occurred during the year with foreign
museums and individuals have resulted in the acquisition of some very
desirable material. Natural history specimens, as well as ethnological
material, have been received from museums and individuals in differ-
ent parts of the world. The principal exchanges, arranged to cor-
respond with the order of the departments in the Museum, arc here
briefly referred to.
Mammals. — A skull of a bison has been sent to Mr. J. McNaught
Campbell, Kelingrove Museum, Glasgow, Scotland, in return for archae-
ological objects already received.
A specimen of Tam'uis and one of Scmrns have beeu received from
Mr. G. D. Wilder, l*ekiu, China, for wliich birds' skins have l)een sent
iu return.
From the Berlin Zoological Museum, J3erlin, Germany, a specimen
of Monophyllus redmanni hiis been transmitted by Dr. Paul Matschie,
ill exchange for a specimen of Isehnoglossa nivalis.
Birds. — One hundred and seventy-two birds' skius from South Africa
have been received from the Albany Museum, Grahamstown, South
Africa, Dr. S. Schonland, director, in continuation of exchanges. An
equivalent iu birds' skins from the United States, Bahamas, and
Labrador has been sent.
Prof. Jean Stolzman transmitted from the Branicki Museum, War-
saw, Kussia, 152 birds' skins from Peru and Trauscaspia, in continua-
tion of exchanges.
Five birds' skins from Hungary have been received from Mr. Stefan
Chernel von Chernelhaza, Koszeg, Hungary, in return for material
already forwarded by the Museum.
Ten specimens of redpolls have been received from Mr, J. H. Fleming,
Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Seven birds' skins have been transmitted
in return. Birds' skins from British Columbia have been received from
the Provincial Museum, Victoria, British Columbia, through Mr. John
Fannin. An equivalent in birds' skins has been sent in return.
A specimen of Mixornis cveretti and a specimen of Conurus xantho-
genis have been received from the Tring Museum, Tring, England. An
equivalent has been transmitted.
From Mr. Victor Eitter von Tschusi zu Schmidhoflen, Hallein, Hun-
gary, have been received 17 birds' skins, for which an equivalent has
been sent.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 15
From Mr. G. ]). Wilder, J'ekin, (^hiiia. liavc been received 5.3 birds'
skins, for which ii collection of similar material has been transmitted
in exchange.
Reptiles and bafrachians. — A specimen of Crotnlus conjlnentus lias
been sent to Mr. J. McXanght ('ampbell, Kelingrove Museum, Glas-
ji'ow, Scotland, in return for arcli;i'oloi;i('al objects received from him.
Fishes. — A collection of (iobioid and Blennioid lishes has been trans-
mitted to the Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales, Mr. II.
Etberidge, jr., curator, in continuation of exchanges.
Fishes representing 10 species have been forwarded to the Museo
Civico di Storia Naturale, Cienoa, Italy, Mar<iuis (Jiacomo Doria,
director, in continuation of exchanges.
A small collection of fishes has been received from the Museum of
Natural History, Lyons, France, Mr. L. Lortet, director, in continua
tiou of exchanges, and as a special return for fishes sent in 1895.
Gobioid fislies, representing 13 species, have been sent to I*rof. F. A.
Smitt, director, Zoological Museum, Stockholm, Sweden.
Molhisks. — Dr. li. Koehler, Lyons, France, transmitted 3 species of
mollusks in continuation of exchanges.
Shells have been received from the Koyal Academy of Science and
Arts, Barcelona, Spain, Senor Arturo IJofill, secretary, and si)ecimens
of fossils and shells have been sent in return.
From Mr. Henry Sutor, Christchurch, New Zealand, have been
received three alcoholic si^ecimens of Unios and Unio shells. IJuios
from North America have been sent in exchange.
Insects. — To Dr. II. Friese, Innsbruck, Austria, have been sent 461
specimens of hymenoptera, rei)resentiug 203 species.
One hundred and seventy-two specimens of Brazilian lepidoptera,
representing 115 species, have been received from Mr. J. G. Foetterle,
Petropolis, Brazil, for which publications will be sent in return.
Kev. .1. 11. Keen, Massett, (^ueen Charlotte Islands, British Colum-
bia, has transmitted specimens of rare coleoptera, for which a partial
return has been made.
From the ^luseum of Natural History, Geneva, Switzerland, through
Dr. N. d'Adelung, have been received 84 specimens of orthoptera.
Crustaceans have been sent in return. -
Marine invertebrates. — Crustaceans representing 9 species have been
received from the liritish Museum of Natural History, Sir William
Flower, director, in continuation of exchanges.
Mr. H. Farquhar, department of lands and surveys, Wellington, New
Zealand, has transmitted echinoderms from New Zealand, for which a
specimen of Asterias rupieohi has been sent in return.
From Dr. 1{. Koehler, Lyons, France, have been received L'l species
of marine invertebrates from the Gulf of Gascogne, in continuation of
exchanges.
A collection of crustaceans has been received from Prof. VVilhelm
lb* REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSP:UM, 1897.
Lecbe, Stockholm, Sweden, iu return for material already forwarded
by the Museum.
Froui the Museum of Natural History, Geneva, Switzerland, crusta-
ceans have been received, and similar material has been sent in return.
Crabs, representing 72 species, have been received from the Museum
of Natural History, Paris, France, Dr. A. Milne-Edwards, director.
One hundred and thirty-nine crabs, from the United States, Mexico,
Central America, and the West Indies, have been sent in exchange.
Thirty- two species of crabs have been received from the Eoyal
Zoological ]Museum, Berlin, Germany, Prof. Karl Mobius, director, in
continuation of exchanges.
The Eoyal Zoological Museum, Turin, Italy, transmitted decapod and
other crustaceans iu continuation of exchanges.
A collection of crustaceans has been received from the Zoological
Institute, Kiel, Germany, Dr. K. Brandt, director, in return for crinoids,
holothurians, and crabs recently forwarded by the Museum.
Thirty-two species of crabs have been received from the Zoological
Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark, m return for crustaceans.
RehnrnthoUxiy. — Parasitic worms have been received in exchange
from Dr. M. Kowalewski, Dublany pres Leopol, Galicia, Austria, Prof.
A. Eailliet, Alfort, France, and Prof. Dr. F. Zschokke, Basel, Switzer-
land.
Comparative anatomy. — The skeleton of a sea otter has been received
from Mr. J. M. Macoun, Geological Museum, Ottawa, Canada, for which
a suitable return has been made.
Paleontology. — A collection of fossils has been sent to Dr. Hermann
Credner, Paleontological Institute, Leipsic, Germany, in return for
material already received from him.
A collection of English carboniferous j^elecypods, representing 36
species, has been received from Dr. Wheelton Hind, Stoke-upon-Trent,
England, for which fossil pelecyi)ods have been sent in return.
Cambrian fossils have been sent to the Museum of Natural History,
Paris, France, Dr. A. Milne-Edwards, director, in exchange for juaterial
already received.
From the Oxford University Museum, Oxford, England, have been
received, through Dr. E. S. Goodrich, three casts of Stonefield fossil
mammals and a cast of Sphenodon imnctatus^ lor which an eciuivalent
has been sent.
Shells and fofesils have been forwarded to the lioyal Academy of
Science and Arts, Barcelona, Spain, Sefior Arturo Bofill, secretary, iu
return for Mesozoic fossils.
Botany. — Through the Department of Agriculture a collection of
dried plants has been received from Mr. II. T. Baker, Sydney, New
South Wales.
From Mr. Alex. Batalin, St. Petersburg, Eussia, have been received
specimens of dried plants from Brazil and other localities, in return
for which botanical snecimens have been sent.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 17
From the Botanical Museum, Berlin, Germany, a collection of plants
from the Argentine Republic and Brazil and specimens of Angelica
mi'dicana have been received. An e([uivalent has been sent in return.
Dr. E. Warming-, director Botanical IMuseum, Copenhagen, Denmark,
transmitted a large collection of herbarium specimens in continuation
of exchanges.
I""rom Dr. A. Brick, Hamburg, (lermany, has been received, through
the Department of Agriculture, si)ecimens of plants from Australia,
Africa, and Europe.
Botanical s[)ccimens have been sent to Mons. Casimir de Candolle,
Geneva, Switzerland, as an Ciiuivalent for nuiterial already received.
One hundred and seven sj)ecimensof dried plants have been received
from Mons. C. Copineau, Doullens, Somme, France.
Specimens of rmbellilera' have been sent to 3Ir. Oscar Druda, direc-
tor Botanical Gardens, 13resden, Germany, in return for botanical
specimens.
Botanical specimens have been transmitted to Prol'. James Fowler,
Kingston, Ontario, Canada, in return for material already received.
A specimen of SSacoijlotlis amazonica Mart, has bien received in
exchange from ]Mr. J. II. Hart, Botanical Garden, Trinidad, West Indies.
Si)ecimens of JiiiiipirK.s oaidenialis have been received in exchange
from the lloyal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England.
Botanical specimens have been sent in continuation of exchanges to
Prof. Dr. n. Pittier, Instituto Fisico-geogratico Nacional, San Jose,
Costa Bica.
Mons. S. E. Lassimonne, Moulins (Allier), France, has transmitted
223 plants in continuation of exchanges.
From Baron Ferd. von Midler, Melbourne, Australia, have been
received in exchange several collections of Australian plants.
Botanical specimens have been forwarded to Mr. ij. R. M. Murray,
British jVIuseum, London, England, and to JMr. Jose Ramirez, i^ational
Medical Institute, City of Mexico.
From the Boyal Botanical Gardens, Calcutta, India, botanical speci-
mens have been received in continuation of exchanges.
From the lmi)erial Boyal Natural History ^luseum, Vienna, Austria,
have been received 100 plants in continuation ol' exchanges.
Collections of i)lants have been sent to the Boyal Botanic Gardens,
Kew, England, Dr. VV. '\\ Thiseltoii-Dyer, dire«-tor, in continuation of
exchanges.
From the Tiroler Botaniker, Die Freie Vereinigung, Oberdrauthale,
Karnten, Austria, Hans Simmer, secretary, have been received 118
lichens, for which lichens, mosses, and ferns have been sent in return.
From the Zurich Botanical Garden, Zurich, Switzerland, botanical
S])ecimens have been received, and a suitable eciuivalent transmitted in
return.
I'rcliistoric anthropology. — Mr. J. McNaught Campbell, Kelingrove
Museum, Glasgow, Scotland, has received stone imnlements and shell
NAT MUS 97 2
18 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
beads iu exchange for material already transmitted to the U. S.
National Mnseum.
Ten knives, scrapers, and a chipped bowlder have been received from
the Oanterbnry Museum, Christchurcli, New Zealand, Mr. F. W. Hut-
ton, curator, in continuation of exchanges.
From Mr. J. de Morgan, Gizeh Museum, Egypt, a series of 2r)2 speci-
mens of prehistoric stone implements from Egypt has been received.
An equivalent will be sent shortly.
Archicological objects have been forwarded, in continuation of
exchanges, to Prof. H. H. Giglioli, director of the Koyal Zoological
Museum, Florence, Italy.
Ethnology. — Ethnological objects have been received, in continuation
of exchanges, from the Canterbury Museum, Christchurch, New Zea-
land, Mr. F. W. Hutton, curator.
From Mr. G. Colini, Museo Prehistorico Etnografico, Rome, Italy, a
model of a throwing-stick obtained from the Ozonana Indians of the
Amazon district has been received. A suitable return has been made.
From the Royal Museum, Salford, Lancashire, England, Mr, B. II.
Mullen, director, ethnological objects have been received in return for
casts of prehistoric implements.
Oriental antiquities. — Eighteen objects, illnstrating Buddhistic wor-
ship, have been received from St. John's College, Shanghai, China,
Rev. F. L. Hawks Pott, president, in return for casts of prehistoric
objects and botanical specimens already transmitted.
Minerals. — Mineralogical material has been received from the Royal
Academy of Science and Arts, Barcelona, Spain, Sehor Arturo Botill,
secretary, and shells and fossils have been sent in return.
Geology. — Specimens of nepheline-syenite and sodalite from York
River, Dungannon, Ontario, Canada, have been received from Mr.
F. D. Adams, McGill University, Montreal, for which geological mate-
rial has been sent, in care of Mr. Adams, to the Peter Redpath
Museum, McGill University.
Thirteen specimens of rocks have been received from Prof. H.
Alleyne Nicholson, University, Aberdeen, Scotland, in exchange for
geological material i^reviously forwarded by the Museum.
COOPERATION OP THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS OF THE GOVERN-
MENT.
The courteous assistance which has been rendered to the Museum by
the State Department and other Executive Departments and bureaus
of the Government has been instrumental iu adding much valuable
material to the collections.
A collection of candlesticks and lamps obtained in China by Mr. A.
E. Hippisley, commissioner of customs in China, has been received
through the Department of State.
REPORT OF ACTINfi ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 19
Hon. \V. W. K()(^kliill, Assistant Secretary of State, presented a
Korean idol to the Museum.
The IMuseuni is much indebted to the Treasury Department tor its
continued assistance in connection with the prompt free entry of mate-
rial fiom various foreign countries.
I'ortraits of Franklin, Henry, Morse, and Kendall li;ive been received
from the Bureau of Engraving and Printing.
Dr. Stejneger and Mr. Lucas, members of the Fur-Seal Investigation
Commission, were given permission by the Secretary of the Treasury
to kill a limited number of fur-seals on the coast of Alaska for the
National jNIuseum.
The ^fuseum is indebted to Capt. J. .1. Dunton, keeper, Life-saving
station. Ocean City, Md., for a specimen of Angler, or Fishing Frog
( Lophius piscatoriiis).
Several officers of the IJ. S. Army have secured material of various
kinds for the Museum, consisting of natural history and botanical
specimens and ethnological objects. Among those who have shown
special interest in behalf of the Museum are Dr. Edgar A. Mearns, Dr.
W. H. Forwood, Dr. ,1. C. Merrill, Capt. J. W. Pope, Capt. W. L. Car-
penter, Lieut. Wirt llobinson, and Lieut. U. L. Willoughby. Dr. E. R.
Hodge, of the Army Medical Museum, contributed specimens of Con-
federate paper money.
From the U.S. Signal Office, Gen. A. W.Greely, Chief Signal Otticer,
was received the Beardslee magneto-dial telegraph instrument.
The Museum is under obligations to several officers of the U. S. Navy
for valuable contributions to the collections. Commander F. W. Dick-
ins sent two clay pipes fouiul in an Indian grave at Newi)ort, Khode
Island. Commander S. D. Sigsbee transmitted a specimen of sea-lily
obtained from near Havana. Lieut. C. (t. Calkins secured for the
Museum a collection of bamboo objects from Japan and some musical
instruments from China.
Dr. James M. Flint has continued to act in the capacity of honorary
curator of the section of nuiteria medica.
Large collections of geological and other material obtained by field
parties and individual geologists have been transmitted to the Museum
collections by the U. S. Geological Survey. Special mention should be
made of tlu' material obtained by i*rof. 1"\ VV. Clarke, Dr. W, II. Dall,
Dr. David T. Day, Mr. J. S. Diller, Dr. W. F. Hillebraud, Dr. F. H.
Knowlton, Whitman Cross, Dr. T. W. Stanton, David White, and
others. Mr. Charles D. Walcott, Director of the Survey, transmitted
gold-bearing (piartz from Nevada. Large collections of Middle Cam-
brian medusa' and ^liddle Cambrian trilobites have also been made in
Alabama under the direction of Mr. Walcott.
Four bufialo heads from animals killed by ])oachers in the Yellow-
stone Park, and ten photographs and sketches made by IMr. F. Jay
Haynes, of Mammoth Hot Springs, Wyoming, have also been added to
the Museum collections.
20 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Mr. Porter D. Haskel, of the U. S. Patent Office, presented a specimen
of Chrysopsis falcata.
Dr. Z. T. Daniel, of tbe Indian Office, has continued to favor the
Museum with ethnological and other objects.
Mr. J. W. Paschal, of the U. S. Pension Office, transmitted a photo-
graph of a Cherokee Indian girl.
Several collections have been received from the Fish Commission
during the year. The cruises made by the steamer Albatross in the
vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands, oft' the coast of Lower California, and
the Galapagos Islands, as well as the explorations of the steamer Fish
Haicli'^ have resulted in the addition of much valuable natural history
material to the Museum. The material obtained by different field
parties connected with the Commisfiion has also been of an interesting
nature. Important collections of fishes have been made by Prof. C. H.
Gilbert, Stanford University; Prof. B. W. Evermann, Mr. C. H. Town-
send, and others. A very interesting collection of bones and ornaments
was discovered by Sui>erintendent Leary, of the Fish Commission sta-
tions at San Marcos, Texas, while engaged in excavating for fish-ponds.
I^umerous and varied collections have been received during the year
irom the Department of Agriculture. The increase in the botanical
collections, under the care of Mr. Frederick Y. Coville, has been very
marked, and the results of his cooperation are gratifying.
Large quantities of botanical specimens from many sections of the
country have been transmitted by individuals and special collectors
connected with the Department of Agriculture.
Dr. L. O. Howard, entomologist of the Department of Agriculture,
has continued to act as honorary curator of the Department of Insects
in the National Museum. Messrs. Ashmead, Linell, and Coquillett
rendered able assistance in determining the collections of Hymenoptera,
Coleoptera, and Diptera. Mr. E. A. Schwarz has rendered valuable
aid in the work of the Department of Insects.
Through Dr. C. Hart Merriam, chief of the Biological Survey, speci-
mens of plants and other material have been received. A. small collec-
tion of fishes, obtained in Mexico by Messrs. Nelson and Goldman,
have been added to the Museum collections, and other specimens of
various kinds, obtained by collectors connected with the Biological
Survey, have also been received.
Among the most important collections which have been transmitted
by the Bureau of Ethnology especial mention should be made of the
collection of ethnological, entomological, and paleontological objects
obtained by Dr. J. Walter Fewkes in Arizona and New Mexico, while
engaged in explorations under the auspices of the Smithsonian Insti-
tution. The Hilder collection of antiquities has also been added to
the Museum collection. It consists of material obtained from mounds
in Missouri and Illinois. Mrs. M. C. Stevenson has transmitted plants
and archaeological objects gathered from Arizona, and among the ZuDi
RKPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 21
Indians of Kew Mexico. A collection of ardneological specimens made
by Prof. G. K. Gilbert in Colorado, ceremonial objects used in connec-
tion Avitli the '-Ghost Dance'' of the Kiowa Indians, and numerous
other collections of importance and value have also been received.
EXPLORATIONS.
Di'. Williain Tj. Abbott has extended his travels into Lower Siani,
and lias forwarded to the Museum two very large and exceedingly
interesting collections, consisting of natnral-histor}- specimens and
ethnological objects. In a comnuinication concerning the ethnological
objects obtaine<l he gives a grai)liic descri])tion of the foot-gear found
in that country, a number of examples of which have been added to
the Museum collection. The material transmitted by Dr. Abbott
includes many objects new to the collections, and among the natural-
history material several new species have been di^^covered.
Dr. J. W. Fewkes, assisted by Dr. Walter Hough made additional
ethnological collections in Arizona and New Mexico. The material
already collected is of especial value, for the reason that it forms a
•connecting link between the modern and ancient culture of the tribes
of Middle America.
Dr. David Starr Jordan, president of the Leland Stanford Junior
, University, transmitted, in behalf of the Fur-Seal Investigation Com-
mission, a collection of natural-history specimens obtained by the
Commission in Japan and Bering Seas. Dr. Leonhard Stejneger and
Mr. ¥. A. Lucas, of the National Museum, were absent dunng the
greater portion of the first half of the tiscal year on duty connected
with this Commission, and during that time they collected a consider-
able quantity of material for the Museum. Dr. Stejneger extended
bis trip to Japan, Kamchatka, and the Sandwich Islands, making col-
lections at all these places. Dr. Stejneger and Mr. Lucas again left
for Alaska on June 5, 1807. having been detailed, by direction of the
President, for further duty in connection with the Fur-Seal Investiga-
tion Commissiou.
Mr. Charles Scliuchert, assistant curator of the Department of
Paleontology, was, in October, 18!M), authorized to visit Alabama and
]\Iississippi in search of the remains of Zeuglodon and other fossil ani-
n)als. Later in the year Mr. Scliuchert ])roceeded to .Marksboro, New
Jersey, under instructions to in(|uire into the reported linding of masto-
don reniains at that place. After completing duties assigned to him in
connection with the installation of the exhibit of the National Museum,
and, incidentally, of the Geological Survey, at the Tennessee Centen-
nial Fxi)osition in the spring of 1897, Mr. Scliuchert remained in the
vicinity of Nashville lor the purpose of making collections for the
Museum..
Dr. D. W. Snyder, Naslnille. Tennessee, who has been engaged in mis-
sionary work ill Africa, obtained for the Museum a collection of ethuo-
22 KErOKT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
logical objects, inoliulinji- a model of a Mukete house. Dr. Snyder also
obtained a very iutoresting colloetion of beetles from the interior of
Africa. He proposes to return to that country, and has kindly ottered
to procure additional material for the Museum.
In May ^Ir. J. X. Kose, assistant curator of botany, was directed to
proceed to Mazatlan, on the west coast of ^Mexico, for the purpose of
gathering material for incorporation in reports on the botany and
ethno-botany of the region extending from that point east\yard across
the low tropical country and over the Sierra Madrc to the arid interior
plateau. His investigations will be conducted in accordance with a
plan outlined by the honorary curator of botany and approved by the
Acting Assistant Secretary. It is hoped that the appropriations for
the coming year will enable the continuance of his detail upon this
work. The Mexican minister has graciously bespoken for Mr. Kose
the kind ofhces of the IMexican otticials in facilitating the transporta-
tion into the Tnited States of any collections which he may obtain, and
in aiding in other ways in the furtherance of his plans.
Additional collections of mammals, plants, invertebrates, and other
material obtained by Dr. E. A. IMearns, U. S. A., in Xew York, Min-.
nesota, xMaryland, and Virginia have been added to the Museum
collections.
Prof. O. F. Cook, of the Xational ]Museum, obtained, during his
travels in Africa, valuable collections of tiowers, ferns, and other
botanical specimens, which have been added to the Herbarium.
Mr. Holla V. Currie w^as detailed to accompany Professor Cook to
Africa for the purpose of obtaining natural history collections and,
more particularly, mammals, birds, insects, tishes, mollusks, and marine
invertebrates. He was instructed to give especial attention, in addi-
tion, to protective mimicry among insects and to devote his efforts to
securing objects and photographs illustrating the arts and industries
of the Liberian natives. Mr. Currie left Washington in October. 1890,
and was absent about seven months.
Valuable collections obtained by field parties and agents of the
U. S. Fish Commission, the U. S. Department of Agriculture, and the
U. S. Geological Survey have also been received.
collectors' outfits.
Collecting outfits have been furnished during the year to the follow-
ing persons: Prof. B. W. Evermann, of the U. S. Fish Commission,
for collecting in Idaho; :Mr. C. G. Korebeck, Washington, D. C; Mr.
H. C. Oberholser, of the Department of Agriculture; Eev. P. H.
Siirensen, Jakobshavn, Greenland; Dr. E. A. Mearns, U. S. A., for col-
lecting in Xew York State; Dr. W. L. Abbott, Bombay, India; Mr. F.
X. Holzner, San Diego, Cal. ; Lieut. C. A. Clarke, U. S. S. Thetis, San
Diego, Cal.: Dr. HeWitt Webb, St. Augustine, Florida, and Mr.
George D. Wilder, Pekin, China.
IIFA'OIIT OF ACTI\(; ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 2.'J
Many of tW. nioinlteis of the scieiitilic staff of tlie Museum have
eu{^n<^('(\ ill lield-woik dmiiij^ the year, and have been supplied with
suitable outfits.
DEVKLOPMKNT AND ARUANGEMENT OF THE EXHIBITION SERIES.
No (hanjjes of speeial importance have been made in the exhibition
series diirinj; the y(;ai". A portion of the time of tlie curators was
occnpieil in |)i (-[lariii^' exhibits fur the Tennessee Centennial Ex])osi-
tion, and the work of constructing" galleries in several of the halls and
courts necessarily caused considerable disturbance, and effectually
l)revented any permanent improvements being made in the arrange-
ment of the collections.
In the department of mammals a number of antlers of wapiti and
carib«)n were hung on the walls, but otherwise the exhibition series
remains practically unchanged. The collections are very much
crowded and are in need of labels. The taxideimist in the depart-
ment of birds has been engaged almost constantly during the year in
cleaning specimens in the exhibition series and in sui)]»lying them with
new su])i)orts and label-holders. The cases are not dust-proof, and
constant care is necessary to keep the collection in good condition.
The specimens are considerably crowded, but otherwise they present
a better appearance than for some time past. Portions of the series
have been rearranged; many new specimen labels have been supplied
in place of species labels, and descriptive labels for families have been
<iuite generally placed. A few specimens have been remounted, some
of which were sent to the Tennessee Centennial Exposition. The exhi-
bition series in the department of fishes remains much the same as
heret<^)fore ; a few additions have been made during the year. The
mounted series of mollusks has been enlarged, but is withdrawn tem-
porarily for exhibition at Nashville. No material change has been
made in the unmounted portion of the exhibition series. The collec-
tions on exhibition in the department of comparative anatomy are in
excellent condition. A great deal of time has necessarily been devoted
to rearrangement, owing to the disturbance caused by laying a new
floor in this hall. A small collection of insects is still exhibited at the
foot of the stairway leading to the offices of the department, no more
suitable pla(-e being at present available.
Much time has been devoted to the exhibition series of fossil verte
brates and fossil jjlants, but these collections arc still in a condition
far from satisfa(;tory. When the new gallery is tinish(;d, the former
series will be considerably enlarged. That portion known as the
"Marsh Collection " needs labeling, and the entire invertebrate exhi-
bition series should be mounted on tiles.
The collecticni of gems has been remounted and installed in four
cases instead of two, as heretofore. A case containing a series of
specimens illustrating the mineralogy of Sussex County, New Jersey,
24 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
has been installed, and the entire collection of -minerals has been snp-
plied with new blocks. ISTo changes of importance have been made
in the exhibition series of the department of geology.
The time of the cnrator of ethnology has been so largely occupied
with other matters that the exhibition series has received l)ut little
attention during the past few months. The construction of new gal-
leries has interfered with the work, as in the case of several of the other
departments. The collections are, however, in as good condition as
circumstances will permit. A portion of the exhibition series is
arranged ethnically and the remainder technically. In the American
series objects belonging to each culture class are placed together. No
special changes in the exhibit of the department of prehistoric antliro-
pology have been made. Many new labels have been added, and others
are in course of preparation.
The entire section of religious ceremonials of eastern Asia has been
rearranged. In the Egyptian alcove six casts made from squeezes
were added, and the colossal torso from iSenjirli was placed in position.
In the Assyro-Babylonian alcove the monuments from Palestine were
installed.
The electrical collections have been classified and arranged, and an
effort has been made to assemble and place on exhibition the Henry
relics. A suitable case has been provided for their installation. A
considerable number of pieces of Professor Henry's experimental appa-
ratus have been received from the Smithsonian Institution, and the
apparatus made by him in 1831 for Yale University has been deposited
in the Museum. The exhibition series in the section of naval archi-
tecture has been rearranged with a special view to bringing together
and in proper seciuence models illustrating the same classes of vessels
and showing their gradual development. In the sections of textiles and
animal industries tentative exhibits have been prepared and installed.
In the section of transportation and engineering the exhibition series
is in fairly good condition, considering the limited space available. No
changes of importance have been made during the year. The collection
of materia medica has been carefully examined and in part rearranged.
The Daguerre monument has been removed from the rotunda and
placed in the grounds east of the Museum building.
LABELS.
During the year more than 200 requisitions were received from the
various departments of the Museum, an increase of about 25 per cent
over the preceding year.
The following work was done at the Government Printing OflQce upon
requisition by the Museum : Printing 700 copies of specifications for sup-
plies, 2,000 vouchers, and 300 labels; binding 181 volumes; ruling and
cutting 25,000 catalogue cards; ruling, printing, and binding 25 record
books.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT Si:CRETARY. 25
There were i)rinte(l on the Museum press 120,727 labels, representing
2,480 forms; 103,352 blanks, representing 73 forms; 30,500 letter heads,
representing 7 t'orins; 15,575 envelopes, representing 10 forms, and
50,258 copies of miscellaneous matter, representing 31 forms; total,
332,412 items, representing 2,010 forms. Of the labels printed, 40,701,
representing 1,045 forms, were for the exhibit of the Museum at the
Tennessee Centennial Exposition.
LIBRARY.
Tlie librarian. Dr. Cyrus Adler, states that tlie increase in tlie library
has been larger than in any previous year, that more books have been
withdrawn, and that the work of the library is progressing satisfactorily
in all its branches.
The accessions for the year were as follows: Books, 707; pamphlets,
1,852; parts of periodicals, 13,035; total, 10.194. These ligures include
the publications retained from the accessions to the library of the Smith-
sonian Institution, which were as follows: Books, 373; pamphlecs,
1,303 ; periodicals, 8,11 7. One thousand books belonging to the Smith-
sonian deposit were bound at the Covernnient bindery, and 178 were
bound at the expense of the ^luseum appropriation.
More than 9,000 books were borrowed during the year, of which 4,000
were assigned to sectional libraries.
The Smithsonian Institution has, as heretofore, rendered aid in secur-
ing the loan of books from the Library of Congress needed for reference
in the Museum.
There are n<nv twenty-one authorized sectional libraries, as follows:
Aduiiuistratiou. Materia iiiodica.
Birds. Meso/oic fossils.
Botany. Mineralogy.
Comparative anatomy. Mollnsks.
Ethnology. Oriental antif|nities.
Fishes. Paleobotany.
Geology. Parasites.
History. Photography.
Insects. Prehistoric anthropology.
Mammals. Reptiles.
Marine invertebrates.
An examination has been made of all these sectional libraries, and
with a few exceptions they are in good condition and well cared for.
A list of the accessions to the library by gift and exchange, during
the hscal year ending June 30, 1897, is printed in Appendix III.
CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE YEAR TO SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE.
Many important monographs and papers, based upon Museum
material, have been ]>ublislied during the year. The titles of these
papers, together with abstracts of their contents, are printed in full in
26
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Appendix TV. Eighty-seven authors are represented in this Bibliogra-
phy. The following table shows the subjects to which the papers relate :
Subject.
Administration
Archa'ology
Bibliograi)hy
BiograiiLy
Biology
Birds
Birds' eggs
Botany
Ethnology
Exploration
Fishes
Fossils
Geology
Insects
Mammals
Marine invcrtel)rates
Mollusks
P.arasite8
Rejitiles
Total
By Mu-
seum
oBicers.
By other
investi-
gators.
Total.
It has been found impracticable to issue hereafter ^'advance sheets"
containing diagnoses of new species of animals, plants, minerals, etc.,
received in the Museum, as has been occasionally done in the past for
the purpose of securing priority of publication. In order that prompt
I)ublication may still be secured, arrangements have been made Avliere-
by, when necessary, authors can publish such descriptions elsewhere,
with tlie provision that this action first have the ai)proval of the Secre-
tary of the Smithsonian Institution.
PUBLICATIONS.
The Keijort of the Museum for 1894: was published during the year,
and on June 30 the lleport for 1S95 was practically all in type. The
manuscript for the administrative portion of the volume for 1S9G is
nearly ready for the printer. Volume XVIII of the Proceedings was
issned in bound form, and papers 10G9 to 1071 and 1083 to 1100, con-
tained in this volume, have been distributed in the form of separates.
Copies of the other papers belonging to this volume were issued x)rior
to the commencement of the present fiscal year. Nos. 1101 to 1119,
mclusive, of Volume XIX have also been published, together with
advance editions of five papers (Nos. 1120-1129 and 1132 bolonging to
Volume XX. '
' The titles of all the .sejtaiate papers is.sued fliiriug the year are ylvcii in A])pen
dix \'.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY 27
In Mio series of Bulletins two immbers have been issued — Xo. 47, the
first part of an elaborate work entitled The l-'ishes of North and ?kliddle
America, by David Starr Jordan and Barton W Evennann, and No.
49, Bibliography of the Published Writings of Philip Lutley Sclater,
F. B. S., secretary of the Zoolo.yical Society of London, prepared under
the direction of the late Dr. G. Brown Goode.
Two iin])ortant monographs have been issued as Special Bulletins.
The lirst of these consists of a work on the deep sea and ])ela<iic fishes
of the world, by Drs. G. Brown Goode and Tarleton 11 . Bean. This vol-
ume (Special Bulletin Xo. 2) contains 553 pages, and is accompanied
by an atlas of 123 plates. The second (Si)ecial lUilletin No. 3) consti-
tutes volume L* of the late oMajor Bendire's Life Histories of North
American Birds, and contains 518 i)ages and 7 colored plates. These
works have been reprinted by the Smithsonian Institution as Volumes
XXX, XX XT, and XXXII of Contributions to Knowledge.
MATERIAL LENT FOR INVESTIGATION.
Two specimens of bats were sent to Dr. Harrison Allen, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, for use in connection with his studies of the Ghiroptera.
Dr. cL A. Allen, of the American Museum of Natural History, made use
of about thirty specimens from the National Museum in tlie preparation
of a ])aj)er on the mammals of Central America. Twenty-seven speci-
mens of mammals were sent to Dr. C. Hart Merriam, chief of Biologi-
cal Survey, Department of Agriculture, and Mr. G. S. ^liller, jr., of
the same Department, borrowed a number of bats for use in mono-
graphic work, besides several other specimens. One of these was
made the type of a new species. Twelve skins and skulls of shrews
were sent to Mr. E. W. Nelson. Mr. S. N. llhoads, of the Academy of
Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, received 40 skins <»f Hying squirrels and
11 East African mammals for study.
The following material has been sent out by the department of birds
for study and investigation : To Mr.C. B. Cory, llyannis, Massachusetts,
13 bird skins; to Mr. Frank ]M. Chapman, American Museum of Natural
History, New V^ork City, 19 bird skins as an aid in the determination
of Mexican birds; also 9 specimens for use in connection with tlie
identification of South American birds; lo Mr. Witmer Stone, Academy
of X"atural Sciences, Philadelphia, G9 specimens of Meadow Larks
{Sturndla) for use in a study of the genus, and a specimen of Horned
Owl; to ^Ir, Joseph Grinnell, Pasadena, California, 75 s[)ecimens of
Goldfinches for use in a revision of the western subspecies; to Mr. Edwin
Sheppard, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 11 specimens
of game birds for use in illustrating a work l)y Prof. 1). G. Elliot, of
the Field (Jolnmbian ]\Iuseum; to Mr. Osbert Salvin, London, lOngland,
4 specimens of owls for examination; to Mr. L. j\I. Loomis, of San
Francisco, California, 9 si)ecimens of Leach's Petrel; to Prof A. X"ew-
ton, Cand)ridgc, England, 2 specimens of Ikhrornin; to Mr. William
28 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Brewster, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 8 specimens for examination,
and to Mr. W. E. Brooks, Mount Forest, Ontario, 2 specimens for
identification.
Specimens of west coast sharks were sent to Dr. C. H. Gilbert, Stan-
ford University, California; also specimens of sculpins from Bering
Sea. A plaster cast of a brook-trout was sent to the American Museum
of Natural History; G young specimens of HydroJagus coUiei to Dr.
Bashford Dean, New York City, and a number of specimens of gobioid
fishes to the Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden. Duplicate
named specimens of niollusks were lent to Mr. H. A. Pilsbry, of the
Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and to Mr. B. IT. Wright,
Penn Yan, New York, for use in connection with their investigations of
Dentalinm, BuUmnhis, and Tlnio.
Dr. W. McM. Woodworth, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cam-
bridge, Massachusetts, is making a special study of the Turbellarians
and Nemerteans, and the entire collection in the National Museum has
been transmitted to him. The collection of leeches has been sent to
Mr. J. Percy Moore of the University of Pennsylvania, who has nearly
completed a report upon the same. Sixty-three microscopic slides of
Plumularida' were sent to Prof. C. C. Nutting of the State University
of Iowa. These are types of species described by Professor Nutting
in his monograph of the Plumularian Hydroids, now nearly ready for
the press. Mr. F. S. Morton, Portland, Maine, received several small
lots of unassorted Foraminifera; also a number of species mounted for
microscopic study. Two lots of Solenogasteridic were sent to Prof.
A. Agassi/ for the use of Dr. Kofoid, who is studying the material of
that group collected by the Albatross. A cranium of a fossil skate
was sent to \)v. C. E. lOastman, Museum of Comparative Zoology, who
described it as a new genus and species, and named it Tamiobatis
retustus.
From the department of insects the following material has been
lent: Homoptera, belonging to the family Ty])hlocibidte, to Prof C. P.
Gillette, Fort Collins, Colorado; Homoptera, belonging to the families
Jassidie and Cercopid.e, to Prof. Carl F. Baker, Fort Collins, Colorado;
specimens of bees of the genus Frosopis, to Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell,
Las Cruces, New Mexico; the collection of Acronyctas, to Prof. John B.
Smith, New Brunswick, New Jersey; a series of Odonata, to Prof.
D. S. Kellicott, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; one species of
the genus Cori.ra to Prof. H. Garman, Lexington, Kentucky; the col-
lection of Ixodidie, with manuscripts, bought from the heirs of Dr.
George Marx, to Prof. G. Neumann, Toulouse, France, for monographic
study.
Specimens of plants have been sent to the following persons for
study and determination: Mr. W. W. Ashe, State Geological Survey,
Ealeigh, North Carolina; Mr. E. G. Baker, British Museum, London,
England; Mr. T. S. Brandegee, San Diego, California; Mr. George
REPORT OK ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 29
Davenport, Medford, Massachusetts; Mr. A. A. Eatou, Seabiook, New
Hampsliire; Dr. N. M. Glatlelter, St. Louis, Missouri; Mr. J. ]\I. Greeu-
iium, Cambridj;e, INIassacbusetts; Mr. Tlieo. Hohu, WasUiiigton, J)is-
trict of Columbia; Dr. C. F. Millspaugb, Field Columbian Museum,
Chicago, Illinois; Dr. B. L. Robinson, Cambridge, Massacliusetts; Mr.
P. A. Rydberg, Cohimbia University, New York City; Mi\ C. S. Sar-
gent, Jamaica Plain, Massacliusetts; Dr. J. K. Small, Columbia Uni-
versity, New York City, and Prof. John Donnell Smith, lialtimore,
Maryland.
To Prof. Alpheus Ilyatt, Cambridge, Massachusetts, were sent 51
specimens of Fort Cassin cephalopods and 29 specimens of Placen-
tieeras to aid him in tlie preparation of a synopsis of the class Cepha-
lopoda. A few specimens and slides of Bogosloff and Ahiskan rocks
were lent to Mr. C. W. Purrington, of the U. S. (ieological Survey.
Photographs and drawings of Museum cases and information regard-
ing their construction have T)een furnished to the following: Mr. F. H.
Gerrodette, director of the Carnegie Museum, Pittsburg, Pennsyl-
vania; Mr. C. II. Hitchcock, Dartmouth Museum, Dartmouth, New
Hampshire; INIr. H. L. Preston, Rochester, New York; Mr. W. H.
Bishoj), Dehiware College, Newark, Delaware; Mr. F. J. V. Skiff,
director of the Field Columbian Museum, Chicago, Illinois; Woman's
College, Baltimore, Maryland, and Mr. H. Nehrling, Public Museum,
Milwaukee.
WORK OF STUDENTS AND INVESTIGATORS AT THE MUSEUM.
Dr. E. A. Mearns, U. S. A., has continued his studies of the mam-
mals collected in connection with the survey of the Mexican boundary.
He has already i)ublishcd several preliminary |)apers in the Proceedings
of the ^luseum, and later a general treatise on the vertebrate animals
of that region Avill probably be issued. Mr. C. H. Townsend, of the
U. S. Fish Commission, studied the series of Bald Eagles; Mr. C. B.
Cory, Il^'annis, Massacliusetts, examined some West Indian pigeons,
and Mr. E. W. Nelson, of the Department of Agriculture, made exten-
sive studies of Mexican birds in connection with the identification of the
large amount of material colle(!ted by him in Mexico and Guatemala.
Dr. A. K. Fisher, of the I)ei)artment of Agriculture, examined numerous
types in connection with his oflicial work, and Messrs. H. C. (Jberholser
and W. II. Osgood, of the same Department, made use of the Museum
collections on a niimlx^r of occasions. INIr. William Palmer, chief taxi-
dermist of the Museum, studied birds from the Pribilof Islands in order
to ascertain the status of some of the forms. Dr. David S. Jordan
examined the collection of fish(\s from Bering Sea, comparing the mate-
rial with recent collections made by the Fur-Seal Investigation Commis-
sion. Dr. B. W. Evermann made extensive use of the collections in con-
nection with the ])reparation of Bulletin 47, by Jordan and F>vermann,
on the "Fishes of North and Middle America." He also made com])ari-
30 REPORT (3F NATIONAL MU8EUM, 1897.
sons with species recently obtained by the Conunission. Dr. Bashford
Dean, of jS'ew York Citj', examined certain Chini;eroid fishes, and
Prof. S. E. Meek studied collections from the Pacific slope. Dr. W". C.
Kendall, of the U. S. Fish Commission, made comparisons with recent
acquisitions by the Commission.
Mr. T. Wayland Vaughn, of the U. S. Geological Survey, has had
the use of the entire collection of Eocene corals in connection with his
researches in that group, and Prof. Gr. D. Harris, of Cornell Univer-
sity, utilized material in the Museum in connection with his work on
the Lower Eocene faunas. The collections of the department of com-
parative anatomy have been studied at various times by students from
medical colleges and the city high schools. Mr. Samuel J. Holmes, of
the University of Chicago, who is i)reparing a list of the crustaceans
of the west coast of the United States for publication by the California
Academy of Sciences, spent a short time at the National Museum in
examining and comparing specimens. Miss Harriet Richardson has
aided in the identification of the Isopoda, esitecially the Sphieromida?.
Dr. Albert Hassall, of the Bureau of Animal Industry, Department of
Agriculture, and Dr. Murray Gait Motter have prosecuted investiga-
tions upon the material in the section of helminthology.
The collections of the National Herbarium have been used by a num-
ber of S])ecialists not connected with the Museum. Dr. N, L. lirittoii,
of New York City, made three visits to ^Vashington in order to settle
certain points in connection with i)lants described in one of his works^
Prof. F. W. Card, Lincoln, Nebraska, studied the genus Kibes; Prof.
J. M. Coulter, Chicago, Illinois, spent several days in the study of the
Umbellifenie, and Miss Clara E. Cummings, Wellesley, Massachusetts,
examined the cryptogamic collections. Prof. E. L. Greene, of the
Catholic University of America, made frequent visits to the Herbarium,
chiefiy for the purpose of studying various types of Composit.e. Many
specimens of Astragali<s were determined by Mr. Marcus E, Jones, Salt
Lake City, Utah. Mr. John B. Leiberg, a field agent of the Department
of Agriculture, devoted several months to the determination of material
. collected in Oregon and Idaho. The collections were also utilized for
comparison or for other purposes by Dr. C. F. Millspaugh, Ithaca, New
York; Mr. W. L. Jepson, Berkeley, California; Prof. C. S. Sargent,
Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts; and Mr. K. M. Wiegand, Ithaca, New
York.
Dr. E. R. Gurley, of Worcester, Massachusetts, has continued his
study of the graptolites in connection with the monograph which he
has in preparation for the U. S. Geological Survey. Dr. T. G. White,
Columbia College, New Y"ork City, visited the Museum in March for the
purpose of studying the collection of Trenton fossils. The ammonites
were examined by Prof. Alpheus Hyatt, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
The geological material collected by Dr. E. A. Mearns along the line of
the Mexican boundary has been worked up by Dr. E. C. E. Lord, of
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY.
31
tlu' r. S. Geological Survey. Mr. Thomas IMeaiis, of the Division of
Soils, Depaitmeiit ol" Aiii'icultuie, was engajjed for a short time in the
study of micro-chemical methods for the determination of minerals, and
pi . A. S. Eakle, Washington, I). C, spent some time in an examina
tion of the toiia/. crystals. Dr. Eakle has i)rei)ared a paper embodying
the results of his studies, which will be published in the Proceedings
of the Museum.
>rr. E. W. Nelson, Dr. W. J. Hoffman, and Dr. J. Walter Fewkes
have carried on inv<!stigations of much importance in the department
of ethnology. ^Ir, Nelson was engaged in the preparation of a mono
grai»h of the material collected by himself in Alaska some years ago;
Dr. llotfman has given his time to the pictographic work of the
Eskimo, and Dr. Fewkes has been engaged in the preparation of an
elaborate report upon the material which he recently collected in Ari-
zona. ^Ir. J. 1). McGuire, of Ellicott City, IMaryland, has continued
his work on aboriginal pipes. Mr. Charles Richards Dodge, of the
Department of Agriculture, studied the tiber fabric from Lake Tan-
ganyika, Central Africa, and Miss Georgie Leonard, of Washington,
studied various South American antiquities. Countess Louise Koss, of
the German embassy, and Miss Tuckerman, of Washington, made
numerous visits to the Museum iu connection with certain archa'olog-
ical studies. The Washington relics, and other portions of the histor-
ical collections, have been frequently examined by students of history.
Several persons have visited the department of oriental anti(]uities in
order to acquire special information.
VISITORS.
The following table sliows the number of visitors to the Museum and
Smithsonian buildings for each mouth of the fiscal year ending June
30, 1897 :
Vear niid montli.
1896.
•Inly
August
Sej)teuiber
Oi'toher
Novpinber
DeccinbcT
1897.
January
February
Marcb
April
May ,
Juni'
Total
Approxiiuate daily average on a basis oC 313 days in tbe year
Museum i
Smithso-
i..,ii.):.... iiiaii
buildmg. |,uii^i„j,.
031
817
879
800
637
218
,298
,049
,483
,504
,383
,457
,606
733
24, 361
5,149
6,801
6, Gil
5,074
5, 762
5,126
5,600
25, 740
10. 835
8, 127
6,923
115,709
370
32
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Number of visitors to the Museum and Smithsonian buildings since the opentwj of the
former in 18S1.
Year.
1881
1882
1883 ---
1884 (half year)
1884-85 rt
1885-86
1886-87
1887-88
1888-89(1:
1889-90
1890-91
1891-92
1892-93 «
1893-94
1894-95
1895-96
1896-97 «
Total....
Museum
building.
150, 000
167, 455
202, 188
97, 661
205, 026
174, 225
216, 562
249, 665
374, 843
274, 324
286, 426
269, 825
319, 930
195, 748
201, 744
180, 505
229, 606
3, 795, 733
Smithsonian
building.
100, 000
152, 744
104, 823
45, 565
105, 993
88, 960
98, 552
102, 863
149,618
120, 894
111,669
114,817
174, 188
103, 910
105, 658
103, 650
115, 709
1, 899, 613
Total to
both
buildings.
250, 000
320, 199
307, Oil
143, 226
311,019
263, 185
315, 114
352, 528
524, 461
395, 218
398, 095
384, 642
494, 118
299, 658
307, 402
284, 155
345, 315
5, 695, 346
a Years of Presidential inaugurations.
MATERIAL RECEIVED FOR EXAMINATION AND REPORT.
There has beeu aii. increase of nearly 25 per cent in the number of
"lots" of material received for identificatioh, the total for the present
year having been 710. The record for the year covered by the last
report also showed a considerable increase over that for the year
preceding.
In Appendix VI a list of the material received during the present
year is presented.
MEETINGS OP ASSOCIATIONS IN WASHINGTON DURING THE YEAR.
The annual meeting of the Society of Agricultural Chemists was
held in the lecture hall of the Museum November 6, 7, and 9, 1890.
On December 11, Dr. David Starr Jordan delivered a lecture on the
seal fisheries.
The Geological Society of America held its ninth annual meeting in
Washington, December 29-31. During the second and third days the
sessions were held in the lecture hall of the Museum.^
Mr. J. S. Diller, of the U. S. Creological Survey, delivered a lecture
on " Crater Lake, Oregon," January 8, 1897.
A memorial meeting was held in the lecture hall of the Museum on
February 13, under the auspices of the Joint Commission of Scientific
Societies and the i)atriotic and historical societies of Washington, to
The-titles of the papers presented are given in Appendix vii.
HEI'ORT OF ACTlNCi ASSISTANT SECRETARY.
33
commoniorate the life and services of Dr. G. Brown Goode. Another
vohuiie of this IJepoit will contain a full account of this meeting;.
Tlie VVashin<;tou Camera Club yave an exhibition of lantern slides
in the lecture liall on the evening; of February 2.'?.
On xVpril 7 and 8 the National Science Club held its third annual
meeting, using- the lecture hall of the Museum for a portion of its
sessions.'
Tiie National Academy of Sciences held its annual meeting in the
Museum building. Tlie Academy remained in session four days, from
April I'O to 2;}.'
The fourth triennial congress of American Physicians and Surgeons
opened in Washington on May 4.
The series of Saturday lectures was continued under the auspices of
the Joint Commission of Scientific Societies. The addresses were
illustrated by the stereopticon and by maps, diagrams, and specimens.
The lectures were arranged in two courses; the first on hydrography,
and the second on current topics.
The following table indicates the number and dates of Saturday
lectures since 1882:
Year.
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
Date of first and last lecture.
Mar. 11, Apr. 29.
.Tan. 13, Mar. 31 .
Jan. 5, Apr.2G..
Feb. 7, May 2.- -
Mar.6, M.iy8...
Mar. 12, May 7..
Feb. 18, May 5..
Mar. 9, May 11..
Feb.l, Apr. 3...
Number of
lectures.
Mar. 2.'-), .May 26.
Feb. 17, May 26.
Feb. 23, Apr. 27.
Mar. 21, May 23.
Mar. 13, May 1..
Totai.
154
The titles of Saturday lectures for the season of 1897 are given in
Appendi-x VII.
NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
The employees of the Department of Agriculture assigned to the
National Herbarium were transferred to the Museum on July 1, 18!>6,
in accordance with a provision of the sundry civil appropriation act
for the current year.
' The titles of the papers presented are given in Api)endix vii.
NAT MTIS 97 3
34 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
NEW MUSEUM BUILDING.
A bill appropriating the sum of $250,000 for an additional Museum
building, introduced by Senator Morrill in the first session of the Fifty-
fourtli Congress, was taken up in regular course on January 23, 1897,
but was passed over without action.
TENNESSEE CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION.
The sum of $14,500 was allotted to the Smithsonian Institution and
National Museum from the amount appropriated by Congress (1130,000)
for an exhibit of the various Governmental departments at the Tennes-
see Centennial Exposition, to be held in Nashville from May 1 to Octo-
ber 31, 1897. The amount allotted to the Museum was afterwards
slightly increased. Dr. F. W. True was designated representative for
the Institution and Museum on the Government board of management.
Mr. W. V. Cox represents Dr. True at Nashville, and has also been
appointed secretary of the Government board.
An extended account of the participation of the Institution and
Museum in *he Exposition will be presented in the next annual report.
TRANS-MISSISSIPPI AND INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION.
An appropriation of $200,000 has been made by Congress for a Gov-
ernment exhibit at the Trans-Mississippi and International Expositicm
at Omaha, Nebraska. This exposition will open in June, 1898, and
continue for five months.
INTERNATIONAL EXPOSITION AT PARIS.
An invitation to participate in the International Exposition to be
held in Paris in 1900 has been extended to the United States by the
French Republic, and an appropriation of $25,000 has been made by
Congress to cover preliminary expenses in securing appropriate space
for the exhibits from this country.
NECROLOGY.
In another part of this Eeport will be found an extended account of
the life and work of the late Dr. G. Brown Goode, Assistant Secretary
of the Smithsonian Institution, who died on September 6, 1896. A
memorial meeting was held in the lecture hall of the Museum on Feb-
ruary G, 1897, under the auspices of the Joint Commission of Scientific
Societies and in cooperation with the patriotic and historical societies
of Washington.
Mr. W. C. Winlock, honorary curator of the section of physical
ai)paratus in the National Museum, died at Bay Head, New Jersey, on
September 20.
RKPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 35
Mr. W'inlock was born on March 27, 1859, at Cambridge, Massachu-
setts, where lie lived nntil his graduation from Harvard University iu
1880. Shortly afterwards he accepted an appointment as assistant
astronomer in the U. S. Naval Observatory, and his connection with
that establishment continued until 1880, when he entered the service
of the Smithsonian Institution as curator of the lUireau of Interna-
tional Exchanges. About two years later he was nuide assistant iu
charge of olhce-in the Institution.
Mr. Wiulock continued to interest himself in astronomical work, and
at the time of his death he occupied the chair of astronomy in the
Corcoran Scientific School and also in the Graduate School of Colum-
bian University. Scientitic papers written by him have appeared in
the publications of the Smithsonian Institution, the Naval Observatory,
the proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and
in foreign scientific Journals. He devoted much attention to the
bibliography of astronomy, and also published several papers of a
popuhir nature. During recent years his administrative duties occu-
pied a large portion of his time, although he always cherished the hope
that at a later period he would be able to devote himself more com-
pletely to his chosen work — a ho^ie that was never realized,
Mr. Winlock was for many years secretary of the PhiUisophical Soci-
ety of Washington. He was a fellow of the American Association
for the xVdvancement of Science and a member of the Astronomische
Gesellschaft, of Leipsic. He was also a member of the Society of the
Sons of the American Kevolution, and for a long period was secretary
of the Cosmos Club, of Washington.
On February 4, 1897, Maj. Charles Bendire, U. S. A. (retired), died
at Jacksonville, Florida.
Major Ijcndire held for a number of years the position of honorary
curator of the department of birds' eggs in the jSTational IMuseum. He
was born in Hesse- Darmstadt, Germany, April 27, 1830, his Gerniau
name being Karl Emil Bender. He came to the United States in 1852,
and in 18r)4: enlisted in the army under the name of "Charles Bendire."
After thirty-two years of service he was retired in 1880 on account of
disability. He took an active part in the Indian wars in the West, and
in 1890 was brevetted major for gallant services rendered during a fight
with the Indians at Canon Creek, Montana, in 1877. lie also led a
number of expeditions in connection with the work of laying out roads,
surveying routes for telegraph lines, etc. In 18()7 he crossed Death Val-
ley, California, and exph)red the deserts of the southern i)art of Nevada.
The large amount of time thus spent iu the field gave him ample
opportunity for scientitic observation.
At the request of Professor Baird he assumed charge of the collec-
tion of birds' eggs in the National IMuseum in 1884, and soon afterwards
undertook its entire rearrangement, which resulted in jilacing tlie series
iu excellent condition for study and reference. His own collection of
36 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
about 8,000 specimens of birds' eggi^, obtained during his army service
in tbe West, ranks as one of the most important gifts to the Museum.
Moreover, the intense zeal which he displayed in his chosen field of
labor inspired others to lend their generous aid in the work of building
up the department under his charge. He was conspicuous for the
methodical and careful manner in which all his undertakings were
carried on, and particularly so in connection with his scientific
investigations.
Tbe most important of Major Bendire's published works is entitled
Life Histories of North American Birds, issued by the U. S. National
Museum in two quarto volumes. It is a matter of suicere regret and
a great loss to ornithology that this work could not have been com-
pleted before his death; but although incomplete, this elaborate
monograph will remain a lasting monument to his memory.
Mr. Martin L. Linell, aid in the department of insects, died on May
3, 1897.
Mr. Linell was born at Gronby, Sweden, June 24, 1849, and was edu-
cated at the University of Lund. Early in life he showed great interest
in biology, and soon after coming to America, in 1879, he resumed his
studies, confining himself mainly to the study of entomology. He
became connected with the National Museum in 1889, and, although
since that time he worked over and arranged a very large part of the
collection of insects, it was to the order Ooleoptera that his attention
was especially given, and all of his published papers were upon that
subject. It is to be regretted that at the time of his death he had only
just begun the publication of the results of his work of many years.
Mr, Henry Horan, superintendent of buildings, died on September
29, 1896.
Mr. Horan had been connected with the Smithsonian Institution and
National Museum since 1857, and during this long period of faithful
service he had the entire confidence of his official superiors and the
esteem and respect of all who were brought in contact with him.
Prof Edward D. Cope, of Philadelphia, one of the most eminent of
American naturalists, and a correspondent and collaborator of the
National Museum, died on April 12, 1897.
Professor Cope's researches covered a wide field, and his contribu-
tions to scientific literature were varied and extensive. His special
attention was given to the study of ichthyology, herpetology, mam-
malogy, and pliilosophy, and the results of his studies in these sciences
are contained in twenty octavo and three large quarto volumes. Among
his most im])ortant works the following may be mentioned: "The
Batrachia of North America," published by the National Museum
(1889) ; " Observations on the Systematic Eelations of Fishes," published
in the Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement
of Science (1871); "On the Classification of the Extinct Fishes of the
Lower Types," published in the same journal (1887) ; "The Relations of
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 37
the Horizons of Extinct N'ertebrata of Europe and North America"
(1870); '-'The Origin of the Fittest" (1887), and "The Primary Factors
of Organic I^vohition."
A complete bibliography of his writings is in preparation under the
auspices of the National Museum, and an elaborate monograph of the
Ilei)tilia of NTorth America, which he had completed shortly before his
death, will be published by the Museum.
Professor Cope was president of the American Association for the
Advancement of Science, editor of the American Naturalist, and a
member of the faculty of the University of Pennsylvania.
in. -REVIEW OF WORK IN THE SCIENTIFIC
DEPARTMENTS.
DEPARTMENT OF MAMMALS.
Since the death, in September, 189G, of Dr. G. Brown Goode, the
assistant secretary, the time of Dr. F. W. True, curator of mammals,
has been occupied almost exclusively with the administrative work of
the Museum. Dr. True states that the department has been without
a regular force at times, and throughout the year there has been no
officer on duty higher than an "aid." Under these circumstances it
has been possible to do very little more than preserve the collections
intact and j)revent the routine work from accumulating.
The exhibition series has remained practically unchanged during the
year. A number of antlers have, however, been hung on the walls.
The specimens in the cases are very much crowded, and little could be
done to improve the general appearance, while it has seemed undesir-
able to increase the series by adding freshly mounted specimens. The
collection is still much in need of labeling. This is especially true of
the foreign mammals, of which there are but few specimens for com-
parison in the study series. The American series needs relabeling, on
account of the recent extensive changes in nomenclature, but the cura-
tor has not found time for this work during the year.
The study series is in fair order, but could be rendered more accessi-
ble if additional cases and more space in which to arrange them, could
be provided. At present it is impossible to carry anything like a
natural sequence from case to case.
More storage cases are needed for the larger mammals, many speci-
mens of which are now exj)osed to dust.
The arrangement of the collection of medium-sized skulls has pro-
gressed, but has not yet been finished.
Considerable work has been done on the alcoholic collection, and the
smaller siDecies are in fair order. There are still many jars of the larger
forms (rabbits, weasels, and the like) which need overhauling. It will
be necessary to reconstruct the storage shelves on which these speci-
mens are placed, before the latter can be properly arranged.
The accessions for the fiscal year just closed do not compare favora-
bly with those of previous years, either in number or value. No new
sources of supply have developed, and for the reasons above set forth
the curator has been unable to give special attention to the matter of
38
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 39
iiicreasino- tlio collections. As stated in previous reports, it is espe-
cially necessary tliat more money be provided for the purchase of speci-
mens for the department of mammals.
The accessions of greatest importance are as follows:
An excellent general collection from lower Slam, consisting of 105
specimens, was presented by Dr. W. L. Abbott, to whom the Museum
is already so much indebted for valuable material. Two skins of the
Mount St. Elias bear were obtained by purchase. Dr. E. A. Mearns,
U. S. A., presented valuable collections from the Catskill Mountains
and from the vicinity of the District of Columbia, amounting in all to
385 specimens. There was also obtained by purchase an excellent
series of skins and skeletons of lemurs and other jNfadagascan mammals.
Two specimens of the recently described pigmy African tlying squir-
rels, genus IfUnrus, were obtained from Mr. A\'illiam B. Filer. They
are from Efulen, Cameroons district, and appear to represent a new
species. A number of skins of the larger lemurs, not previously repre-
sented in the collection, were purchased, and in the same manner three
skeletons and a skull of Glohiocephala hrachyptera were obtained.
Mr. William ralmer and Mr. D. W. Prentiss, jr., both of the National
Museum, colle(;ted ai number of mammals in tlie District of Columbia
and vicinity, and in the Dismal Swamp, Virginia. Nine fur seals were
collected by Dr. Leonhard Stejneger, and Mr. F. A. Lucas obtained
twelve skulls of the same animal on the Pribilof Islands. Six other
members of the Museum staff have also sent in from one to four speci-
mens each.
The Kent Scientific Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, through Mr.
C. A. Whittemore, curator, lent for study a young specimen of a very
rare Bassaruyon from Honduras.
During the early part of 1897 the preparation of an exhibit of mam-
mals for the Tennessee Centennial Exposition was begun. This exhibit,
as linally installed, consisted of a group of Proboscis monkeys, a group
of gibbons, and a number of mounted specimens of lemurs, exhibited
in two unit cases.
A monograph or revision of the American moles was published by the
curator during the year. The manuscript of a paper on the antlers of
the American deer has been nearly completed, but the work has neces-
sarily been suspended for the present. The i)roper nomenclature of
the whalebone whales has occupied the curator's attention during such
time as he could devote to the subject.
Dr. E. A. Mearns, U. S. A., has continued his studies of the mammals
collected during the survey of the INIexican boundary, and has pub-
lished the results in several preliminary papers in the Proceedings.
The titles of these papers are given in the Bibliography (Appendix IV).
A general treatise on tlie vertebrate animals of the Mexican boundary,
by Dr. ^learns, will ])robably be published in the Ibrm of a bulletin.
Valuable assistance on technical matters has been rendered by Dr.
40 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Mearns at such times as the curator could not give personal attention
to details.
Mr. D. W. Prentiss, jr., Las rendered volunteer service while not
on the staff of the Museum.
During the year 1,011 specimens were received, the total number in
the collection now beiug 16,223. In the catalogue of the regular series
1,011 entries have been made, and in the catalogue reserved for the
deposit of the Department of Agriculture there were 10,068 entries dur-
ing the year.
DEPARTMENT OF BIRDS.
Mr. Robert Ridgway, curator of the department of birds, states that
there were 118 permanent accessions during the year, being 32 more
than during the preceding year. In addition there were 87 "tempo-
rary" accessions, consisting of material received for examination and
report. It is especially gratifying to note that several of the accessions
contain material new to the collections, and of great value. One collec-
tion included 55 species and 3 genera new to the Museum series. The
material received from Dr. W. L. Abbott embraced several specimens
of s[)ecies hardly represented in the collection.
The following accessions are worthy of si)eclal notice:
From Dr. W. L. Abbott, 458 bird skins collected in Lower Siam (gift) ; tlio Bran-
icki Musenin, Warsaw, Russia, 152 bird skins from South America and Transcaspia
(excbange) ; Albanj^ Museum, Grabamstown, South Africa, 135 bird skins (exchange) ;
111 bird skins from Patagonia (purchase); 105 specimens from Madagascar (pur-
chase); 60 specimens from West Africa (purchase); 163 specimens from Florida
(purchase); from Mr. George 1). Wilder, Peking, Ghina, 53 bird skins from North
China (exchange); Hon. W. P. Brownlow, House of Reprcsentatires, Washington,
District of Columbia, 49 bird skins from British Guiana (deposit) ; 203 specimens
from tropical America (purchase) ; 328 specimens from the United States. (purchase) ;
Provincial Museum, Victoria, British Columbia, 97 bird skius from British Columbia
(exchange) ; Mr. A. W. Anthony, San Diego, Caliibrnia, 22 bird skins from the islands
off Lower California (exchange), also 8 bird skins from the same localities (gift);
Albany Museum, Grabamstown, South Africa, 37 bird skins (exchange) ; Australian
Museum, Sydney, New South Wales, 25 bird skins from Australia (exchange) ; Dr.
E. A. Mearns, U. S. A., 84 bird skins from New York State (gift) ; Mr. E. A. Mcllhcnuy,
Avery Island, Louisiana, 26 bird skins from Louisiana (gift); California Academy
of Sciences, San Francisco, 12 specimens of Puffin us i/riseits (exchange); Mr. A. Bou-
card. Isle of Wight, England, 1 specimen (gift) ; Mr. R. C. McGregor, Palo Alto, Cal-
ifornia, 68 bird skius from the western portion of the United States (gift); Dr.
Leonhard Stejneger, U. S. National Museum, 18 bird skins from .Japan ; Mr. H. P. Att-
water, San Antonio, Texas, II bird skins from Texas (purchase) ; Mr. A. W. Anthony,
San Diego, California, 3 types of new species (deposit) ; Dr. E. Coues, Washington,
District of Columbia, type of Jiinco danbi/i, Coues (gift); W. B. Jndson, Highland
Park, Caliibrnia, type of new Humming-bird (gift) ; Mr. William Palmer, U. S.
National Museum, 1 specimen of Oceanodroma cvyptoleacnra from Washington, Dis-
trict of Columbia; Mr. Joseph Grinnell, Pasadena, California, 9 specimens, including
types oi Pipilo clementa- Grinnell; also 12 specimens of Jays (gift); Science College,
Tokyo, Japan, 2 specimens of Petrels (gift) ; Mr. Rollo H. Beck, Berryessa, California,
23 specimens (gift) ; 9 bird skius from the Hawaiian Islands (purchase) ; 7 specimens
of I'arrot-s (pni-chasc); Eugene Coubeaux. Saskatchewan, Northwest Territory,
Canada, 10 bird skius; Mr. R. C. McGregor, Palo Alto, California, 14 specimens (gift) ;
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 41
Mr. J. D. Figgins, Falls Church, Virgiuia, 2 specimens (incliulinglBachman's sparrow)
from Maryland (gift) ; Prof. W. R. Hinton, Kissimmee, Florida, 1 specimen of White-
winged Dove, from Florida (gift); Alexander Hiutze, llolsiiigfors, Finland, 2 spec-
imens of Lapp Owl (gift); Mr. (ieorge Ayers, Alosandria, Virginia, 1 specimen of
Bruunieh's Murre (gift); Mr. Lawrence Skow, Omaha, Nebraska, 1 specimen of
Hybrid Teal (exchange); Mr. W. W. Price, Lelaud Stanford Junior University, 2
specimens of /'inico/« from California (gift); Mr. Joseph (Jrinuell, Pasadena, Cali-
fornia, 7 specimens of Californian birds (gift).
The Museum is indebted to the followiug' individuals and institutions
for material transmitted at the request of the curator for examination:
Mr. Osbert Salvin, London, England; Mr. William Brewster, Cam-
bridge, Massachusetts; the American Museum of Natural Ilistory,
New York (^ity; the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and
the Boston Society of Natural History.
Considerable attention has been given to the exhibition series, and
it is now in much better condition than for several years past, although
a general rearrangement would greatly improve its appearance.
The following extract from the report of the curator indicates the
present condition of the study series and the progress made in caring
for the collections:
The condition of the study series is very satisfactory, except that ])ortion con-
tained in the storage bases in the west basement, which remains ])racticablj" inac-
cessible. A large portion of the collection contained in the bird gallery was
radically rearranged, the classification followed being that of Dr. Stejneger. The
contents of .52 quarter-unit cases were involved, and in order to give the specimens
ample room and allow for moderate growth of the collections, 19 additional cases
were required. The new arrangement is a systematic one, the previous one being
geographical. The collection is divided into a North American, Neotroi)ical, and
Old World series. The bird gallery has now become so crowded that further case-
room can not be had there; eleven of the cases are placed in dotilde tiers. A half-
unit "type"' case with (£narter-unit compartments was installed in the gallery, and
the majority of types of small birds were removed from the general collection during
the ])rocess of rearrangement and placed in this case. A large portion of the collec-
tion (over 5,000 specimens) made lij- Dr. E. A. Mearus was distributed in the general
series at the same time.
About 3.5 cases in the bird gallery were labeled.
An additional room was placed at the disposal of the curator during the year, tg
be used both as an office and storeroom. Fourteen (juarter-unit cases were placed
in it, and the collections of pigeons, cuckoos, and part of the Coroida- were thus
provided for. Twelve new half unit cases were installed in the west basement, and
many large birds contained in the old Salvin cases were transferred to them tempo-
rarily, but the whole west basement collection will re<iuire readjustment when the
remainder of the new cases are ready for use.
Since the death, in February, 1897, of MaJ. (Charles Uendire. honor-
ary curator of the dei)artment of birds' eggs, the routine work of that
office has been conducted by the curator and assistant curator of the
department of birds.
A group of about -50 parrots and birds of British Guiana was pre-
pared for the Tennessee Centennial Exposition at Nashville.
There have been no explorations directly under the auspices of the
Museum through which material has been added to the collections of
42 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
tliis department. Mauy of the specimens referred to above, in the list
of important accessions, were, however, collected by the individuals or
institutions transmitting them.
A large quantity of material has been lent for study during the
year, and a number of specialists have prosecuted investigations in the
department, as will be seen by a reference to the chapters entitled
"INIaterial lent for investigation" and "The work of students and
investigators at the Museum."
The Museum is indebted to Mr. H. 0. Oberholser, of the Department
of Agriculture, for the identification of certain specimens of owls, and
for the arrangement of a small portion of the study series, and also to
Dr. A. K. Fisher for special services.
The time of Mr. Ridgway has been devoted very largely to the
preparation of his proposed work on the Birds of North and Middle
America. Eegarding the progress made he says:
Since June 30, 1896, there have been completed the synonymy, family diagnoses,
and concomitant matter — except (in most cases) specific diagnoses, statement of
geographic range, etc. — pertaining to 31 families, 261 genera, and 1,093 species,
belonging to the proper field of the work, besides numerons extralimital genera and
species brought into the analytical "keys'' to facilitate identification.
With the e2:ception of a part of the Fringillidaj the synonymy is now complete
(except for final revision) for the entire avifauna of the geographical area bounded
on the south by the Panama Railroad, together with the West Indies and the Gala-
pagos Archipelago, embracing altogether about 3,000 species, nearly 750 genera, and
100 families. The portion of the work completed constitutes in some respects the
most laborious part of the undertaking, having involved the collation and verifica-
tion of many thousands of references.
The assistant curator, Mr. C. W. Richmond, was engaged at intervals
from July 1 to September 1, 1896, in the determination of Dr. W. L.
Abbott's collection from East Africa. This work is still unfinished,
however, owing to the great amount of routine and miscellaneous work
which has since occupied Mr. Richmond's time. The work of prepar-
ing a card (catalogue of the described species of birds, with reference
to the original descriptions, tyjie localities, etc., has been continued.
' Twenty-nine papers based directly or indirectly ui^on material
belonging to the department have been published during the year.
These papers are mentioned by title in the Bibliography (Appendix
IV). They contain descriptions of a large number of new sj^ecies and
two new genera.
The plans of the curator for the further development of the depart-
ment remain substantially the same as indicated In previous reports,
and Mr. Ridgway states that the pressure of other work is so great
that no decided advancement can be made along the lines indicated
until an additional skilled assistant be employed.
The number of specimens received during the year was 4,94:7, involv-
ing the same number of catalogue entries. The total number of sijeci-
mens in the collection is estimated at about 104:,000.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 43
DEPARTMENT OF lilRDS' EGGS.
Maj. Charles Beiulirc, honorary curator of this department, died on
February 4, 1S97. An account of his life and of liis valuable services
to the National Museum will be ibund under the head of "Necrology."
At the close of the fiscal year no one had been appointed to the posi-
tion of curator. Tlie routine work of the ottice has, however, been
conducted in the department of birds.
The most important accessions of the year are as follows:
From J)r. W. L. Ralph, Utica, New York, GIO eggs and 51 nests were
received. These were all from North America, and included many
rarities, such as the eggs of the White-throated Swift (new to science),
the Western Evening Grosbeak (new to science), the Buff-breasted
Flycatcher, Grace's and Hermit Warblers, the Everglade Kite, etc.
Mr. Otto W^idman, Old Orchard, Missouri, presented the nest and 3
eggs of Bacliman's Warbler (new to science).
Forty-eight eggs and several nests from Lower Siam were presented
by Dr. W. L. Abbott.
From Dr. J. C. Merrill, Surgeon-General's OflQce, Washington, Dis-
trict of Columbia, were received 49 eggs from Fort Sherman, Idaho.
Forty-three eggs, collected in Texas, were presented by Mr, H. P.
Att water, of San Antonio.
Twelve eggs of rare l*etrels were received from Mr. A. W. Anthony,
San Diego, California. Three of these were donated and the remain-
der purchased.
Special Bulletin No. 3 of the U. S. National Museum, constituting
Volume II of Major Bendire's Life Histories of North American Birds,
was published early in the fiscal year. This volume contains 518 pages
and 7 colored plates. The titles of three other papers, based wholly or
in part on material in this department, are given in the Bibliography
(Ai)pendix IV).
The number of eggs received during the year was 838, and of nests,
102. There were 300 entries made in the catalogue.
DEPARTMENT OF REPTILES. AND BATRACHIANS.
The curator of this department. Dr. Leonhard Stejneger, was absent
during the first half of the fiscal year on duty connected with the
investigation of the fur-seal rookeries, and after his return to Washing-
ton he was engaged for some time in the preparation of a report upon
the results of his observations. In May he was detailed by the Presi-
dent of the United States for similar duty during the summer of 1897.
For these reasons the work of the departnumt of reptiles and batra(;hians
has been greatly interfered with. There has, however, been an increase
of 50 per cent in the number of permanent accessions, the total for the
year having been (id. The most important additions are as follows:
A collection of reptiles and batrachians from Liberia, obtained by
44 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Prof. O. F. Cook, of the U. S. National Museum; a number of reptiles,
chiefly from Australia, received in exchange from the Australian
Museum, Sydney, New South Wales; two lots of material collected by
Dr. W. L. Abbott in Lower Siam ; a collection of reptiles and batra-
chians from Madagascar, obtained by purchase; a series from Yesso
Island, Japan, presented by S. Nozawa, Sapporo, Japan; a number of
lizards from Hawaii, trans* itted by Mr. H. W. Henshaw, and a col-
lection of the same character from Mr. Yaldemar Knudsen. Doctor
Stejneger collected reptiles and batrachians in Jaj)an and the Hawaiian
Islands, and material from Japan was also received from the Science
College Museum, Tokio.
Mr. William Palmer, Mr. D. W. Prentiss, jr., and Mr. Paul Bartsch
collected material in the Dismal Swamp, Virginia.
The collections were examined systematically on two occasions, and
the alcohol replenished and strengthened as required.
A paper by Doctor Stejneger on a new species of Guillemot from the
Kurile Islands was published in the Auk of April, 1897.
The number of specimens received and entered during the year was
1,158, the total number now in the collection being placed at 36,777.
DEPARTMENT OF FISHES.
Dr. Tarleton H. Bean continues to act as honorary curator of this
department, although Mr. Barton A. Bean, the assistant curator, has
practically had charge of the department during the year.
During the year there were 30 accessions to the collection, four of
which were " temporary." The total number of accessions last year
was 22. So far as scientific value is concerned, the material received
compares favorably with that acquired during the preceding year. A
series of fishes obtained by the steamer Albatross in tlie vicinity of the
Hawaiian Islands, off the coast of Lower California, and in the vicinity
of the Galapagos Islands, was received from the U. S. Fish Commis-
sion. The commission also transmitted a collection of types and
cotypes of 41 species of fislies from the west coast of North America,
and a series of specimens from the Colorado and Columbia rivers,
including several types. Prof. Seth E. Meek, of the Field Columbian
Museum, presented a fine series of fishes collected by himself in the
Bay of Naples. Material was received in exchange from the Austra-
lian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales, and from the Museum of Nat-
ural History, I^yous, France. A series of fishes from the vicinity of
Yesso Island was presented by Mr. S. Nozawa, by whom they were col-
lected. An interesting collection obtained in 1892 and 1894 in Mexico
by Messrs. Nelson and Goldman, of the U. S. Department of Agricul-
ture, was turned over to the Museum. Prof. O. F. Cook collected a few
fishes during his recent trip to Liberia.
The study series has been increased during the year by the addition
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 45
of numerous type specimens and other desiderata. A lar^e portion of
the series stored in the west basement lias been relabeled and con-
densed, with a view to making" it more accessible. Tlu^ collections on
exhibition are referred to in the chapter entitled " Development and
arrangement of the exhibition series."
All of the specimens received during the year have been entered on
the catalogue books, and most of them are labeled and installed. The
entire collection has been examined from time to time, to insure the
preservation of the spet;imeus. In February and March, 1897, an
exhibit consisting of deep-sea forms and a series of casts of American
fishes was prepared for the Tennessee Centennial and International
Exposition at Kashville.
Small sets of American fishes were distributed to the following
foreign institutions: Museo Civico di Storia Xaturale, (^enoa, Italy;
Zoologisches Institut, Kiel, Germany; The Australian Museum, Syd-
ney, New South Wales; The Natural History Museum, Academy of
Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.
The preparation of a report upon the fishes collected by the U. S.
Fish Commission stQumer Albatross in South American Avaters in 1SS7-88
has been continued by the honorary curator. A report has been pre-
pared by the assistant curator upon several new fishes from Bering Sea,
and the manuscript and drawings are now ready for the printer. The
fishes collected by Messrs. Nelson and Goldman in Mexico have also
been reported upon by Mr. Barton A. Beau.
Material has been sent to a number of persons for study, and several
specialists have prosecuted investigations in the depai'tment. A refer-
ence to these transactions will be found in another i)lace.
Dr. Theodore Gill, associate in zoology, has, as usual, rendered valu-
able assistance during the year. Drs. David S. Jordan, C. H. Gilbert,
S. E. Meek, and W. C. Kendall have aided in the examination of doubtful
species.
Two ichthyological works of special importance have been published
during the year — Special Bulletin No. 2 of the Museum, entitled Oceanic
Ichthyology, by the late Dr. G. Brown Goode and Dr. Tarletou H. Bean,
and part 1 of Bulletin No. 47, entitled The Fishes of North and Middle
America, by ^Messrs. Jordan and Evermann. Thirteen other i)apers
based ny>on INIuseum material have been published, the titles of which
will be found in the Bibliograjdiy (Appendix IV.)
New cases will be constructed for that portion of the collection which
was removed from the room above the ofiice of the department. Elec-
tric lights have recently been furnished in the basement.
A portion of the study series has been stored in the exhibition hall
for some time past, this condition of things being necessary on account
of lack of space. Additional cases should be erected in the basement
for the accommodation of these s])e(:imens, the exhibition space thus
provided being used for the installation of a collection which will be of
popular interest.
46 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
In order to provide additioual material to take the place of the alco-
holic specimens, which will inevitably deteriorate, it will be necessary
to collect, from time to time, the fishes of our coasts, even the common
forms.
There were 2,110 specimens received during the year, tlie total num-
ber of specimens in the collection being estimated at 150,000. These
figures are the same as those given in the last report, since the material
distributed, in connection with a small amount of useless duplicate
material which has been discarded, is about equal to the receipts for
the year. The last catalogue entry on June 30, 189G, was 47687, and on
June 30, 1897, 48471.
DEPARTMENT OF MOLLUSKS.
Dr. William H. Dall, honorary curator, states that there were 149
accessions to the collection of mollusks during the year, as compared
with 118 for the preceding year. It is estimated that these accessions
embrace more than 10,000 specimens, which is three times the number
included in the accessions for 189r)-96. While many of the accessions
were not large or important, on the whole an unusual number of desir-
able species were received and, as a result, many gaps in the reserve
series have been filled.
The curator calls special attention to the following contributions:
The most important accessions are those due to the generosity of Rev. L. T. Cham-
berlain, of New York City, who, as in past years, has contributed by the purchase
of <lesirab]e material, especially UnionidiP. Much-needed publications bearing on
the same subject have also been secured. The most important single lot of speci-
mens comprised 232 sjiecies and over 700 specimens from the well-known Salle col-
lection, recently sold in Paris.
Next in importance is a series of 200 species and 315 specimens purchased to com-
plete the series exhibited at Nashville. All of these will be added to the reserve
series and will supply many deticiencies.
Thirdly, there should be mentioned a quantity of material received from the U. S.
Fish Commissiou, comprising about 5,700 specimens. Among these are many desir-
able additions to our collections of North Pacific mollusks.
A collection containing about 400 species, largely from the Island of Cuba and
adjacent regions, was purchased, adding a number of desiderata to the Museum
series.
Among the smaller lots which are worthy of special mention are the following:
From Dr. W. L. Abbott was received a small but interesting series of shells from
the Malay Peninsula. All of the material was new to the collection, and it included
a number of fine specimens, among them a new species of Nanhm.
Mr. J. S. Arnheim, of San Francisco, presented 50 or 60 miscellaneous species, most
of which were desiderata.
Rev. E. H. Ashmun, Albuquerque, New Mexico, presented several small lots of
interesting land shells from New Mexico and Arizona. These included a few new
species.
From the Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales, 29 species of most
desirable Australian land shells were received in exchange.
Mrs. T. S. Oldroyd, Los Angeles, California, has continued her researches into the
fauna of San Pedro and has presented a number of species not before represented
in the collection from that locality. Some of these were undescribed.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 47
Dr. W. II. Eiisb, IT. S. N., sent iii oxchauge a number of typical S])ecimeu8 of inter-
esting shells from the Parana River and adjacent parts of South America.
The U. S. Department of Agriculture presented a number of interesting jNIexican
species collected by Mr. K. W. Nelson. Several of these were now and most of the
others were not previously represented in the Museum series.
Dr. DeWitt Woltb, St. Augustine, Florida, presented negatives of photographs of
a sea monster stranded near that place, named Octopua g'ujantcits by Professor Verrill.
Portions of the remnins, preserved in formalin, were also transmitted.
Col. L. Worthington Wilmer gave a miscellaneous lot of shells from various
localities, some ()f wliicli were very acceptable.
Mr. Berlin H. Wright, Penn Yan, New York, contributed a large number of inter-
esting Naiades, all of which filled gaps in the geographical series and several of
which were author's cotypes of new sjiocies.
In the chapter entitled " Development and arrangement of the exhi-
bition series" will be found a statement relating to the exhibition
series in this department. A series of mounted specimens, illustrating
the families of mollusks, was sent to Nashville for exhibition at the
Tennessee Centennial Exposition. The study or reserve series has
been considerably increased during the year, and the whole collection
is in condition for reference by means of a card catalogue of the genera.
The material received from Professor Yerrill is now all labeled and
listed, but it will not be incorporated with the regular study series until
the remainder of the specimens have been received from him. The
work of registering the Jeffreys collection has progressed, althongh
slowly, on account of the extreme care which it is necessary to exercise
in handling the material. The reserve collection of alcoholics, except
the most recent accessions, is now catalogued on cards, more than
2,000 of the latter having been filled out dnring the year. The collec-
tion of duplicates is also fully catalogued and in perfect order. The
number of species represented is 4,174. The collection of minute
Helicida^ — Pupa, Vertigo, ri.si<(iuin, etc. — has been worked over and
named by Dr. V. Sterki, and may now be regarded as in complete
order for reference.
The honorary curator makes the following statement regarding the
scientific work accomplished by members of the staff and by others not
connected with the department:
The report on the land shells collected by the Mexican Boundary Commission has
been printed. The discussion of tlie insular land fauuic illustrated by the collec-
tions at the Galapagos Islands, by Dr. (J. liaur and others, is likewist; printed.
The descriptions of the Autilleau Tertiary fos.^ils prepared by the curator from
the collections of the National Museum, including a revision of the mannscriiit sub-
mitted by Mr. R. J. L. Guppy, of Trinidad, West Indies, have also been published.
Work has been continued by Mr. Chas. T. Simpson on his proposed monograph of the
Naiades, and fair progress has been made. The curator has continued to devote con-
siderable time to the Neocene fauna of Florida. The Pelecypods, up to and includ-
ing the PeetinidiB, are practically finished. This work involved complete revision of
the reserve series belonging to the Museum, as far as the work has gone.
-Mr. II. A. Pilsltry, of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, has been
studying the collection of Scaplio)>ods, which is one of the largest in the world, in
connection with liis monograph of that grouj), now in prei)a ration, lie has also
luilized the collection of the genus JiiiUinns for the same purpose.
48 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Dr. E. L. Mark, of Harvard University, has studied the collection of microscopic
slides illustrating the anatomy of the rare forms of Pelecypoda, and Mr. Berlin II.
Wright has utilized the collection of Naiades in connection with his studies of that
group.
Mr. T. Waylaud ^'aughan lias had the use of the entire collection of Eocene corals
in connection with his researches.
Prof. G. D. Harris, of Cornell University, utilized the collection in connection
with liis work on the lower Eocene fauna^.
A number of minor investigations of particular groups or species have been made
by members of the staff, and also by visitors.
Miss Jennie A. Letson, of Buffalo, a student of the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Pliiladelphia, devoted several weeks to a general
study of the Mollusca. In return for the privileges afforded she ren-
dered considerable assistance during a portion of the time in the
regular work of the department.
Mr. Charles Schuchert, while making explorations in southern
Mississippi, obtained and transmitted to the Museum some interesting
specimens of mollusks.
Mr. William Palmer, of the National Museum, sent in a small number
of specimens.
Dr. Dall mentions the names of 30 persons who have made collec-
tions with a view to working out local faunie, and who have in most
cases contributed types of new species to the Museum, in return for
the work performed by the department in examination and identifica-
tion. In this connection it is stated that during the year api)lications
for information of various kinds were received from 164 persons, and
that compliance with these requests involved the identification of 3,734
species of moUusks, besides the in^eparation of a large number of
letters.
Material for examination has been lent to Mr. H. A. Pilsbry, of the
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadeli^hia, and Mr. Berlin H.
Wright, of Penn Yan, New York.
Twenty three papers based upon Museum material have been pub-
lished during the year by members of the staff" and other collaborators.
The titles of these papers will be found in the Bibliography ( Ai3j)endix
IV.)
At the present rate of progress several years will be required to
complete the work of cataloguing, labeling, and arranging for reference
the material now on hand. The Jeffreys collection and the material in
Professor Verrill's hands nuist be finally administered upon, and the
duplicates entirely eliminated from the reserves.
The total number of specimens in the department of mollusks, exclu-
sive of fossils, is estimated to be 032,300. The fossils number about
67,000. More than 2,800 entries have been made in the catalogues of
recent shells. The total registrations of all kinds, including entries
made in the catalogues reserved for fossils, exceeded 18,000, an increase
of about 50 per cent over the registrations for the preceding year.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 49
DEPARTMENT OF INSECTS.
The honorary curator of this depaitineiit, Dr. L. O. Howard, states
that while there has been a decrease in the number of accessions, or
"lots/' of material received, there has been a marked increase in the
number of specimens and species represented in these accessions. The
material is also of greater scientific value. The most important acces-
sions are here mentioned:
From Dr. W. L. Abbott, about 4,600 specimens from Troiis, Louver Siam (gift);
from Rev. D. W. Snyder, 1,410 specimens of insects from Lnebo, Congo (gift); from
D. W. C()<iuillett, Department of Agriculture, 860 sperimena of Tachinida-, including
81 type spetimeus (gift); from H. G. Hubbard and E. A. Sclnvarz, Department of
Agriculture, 69 species of Coleoptera, new to the collection (gilt); from the Depart-
ment of Agriculture, about (500 specimens of Homoiitera, Micro-hymenoptera, and
Coccincllida- from China, Japan, and Australia, collected by Mr. Albert Koebele
(gift) ; from Prof. T. D. A Cockcrell, Las Cruces, New Mexico, types of Hymenoptera
from Mexico and New Mexico; from Prof. 11. Osborn, Ames, Iowa, types of 20 species
of Homoptera (gift) ; from H. G. Hubbard, Department of Agriculture, a choice collec-
tion of Hymenoptera from the arid region of Arizona (gift); from Prof. O. F. Cook,
a collection of European Myriapods (gift); from H. G. Hubbard, Department of
Agriculture, 118 species of Coleoptera from the West Indies (gift); from the Depart-
ment of Agriculture, 168 specimens of Acridiidie collected in Mexico by C. H. Tyler
Townseud (gift); from J. G. Foettcrle, Petropolis, Brazil, 115 specimens of Lepi-
doptera from his locality (gift); from Dr. A. Dugis, Guanajuato, Mexico, a new
Cyuipid and a new Curculionid from (iuanajuato, Mexico (gift); from Prof. J. B.
Smith, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 7 types of Acroni/ctas (gift); from the Mus6e
d'Histoire Naturelle, Geneva, Switzerland, a collection of Orthoptera (exchange).
The fragmentary exhibition series, owing to the lack of a more suit-
able place, has been arranged in the hallway leading to the offices of
the department of insects. On account of the unfavorable conditions
under wliich the specimens are exhibited, many of them need remount-
ing, and in some cases new and fresh material should be substituted
for the old. The study, or systematic, series is in good condition,
although some additional labels should be supplied.
The honorary curator states that an effort will be made to arrange
and determine all the exotic material during the coming winter.
A considerable amount of scientific work has been accomplished
during the year, as will be seen from the foUowing paragraphs quoted
from the report of Dr. Howard:
Mr. 1). \V. Coquillett has been engaged in monographing the Hies belonging to the
family Tachinida-, a group of parasitic Hies of great ecououiic importance. The
work is based largely upon Museum material, and has just been completed. It will
be published siiortiy as a special bulletin of the Departuient of Agriculture. Mr.
Coquillett has also nearly comi»leted a revision of the Simulida; in our collection.
Mr. E. A. Schwarz is monographing the North American Psyllida-. The monograph
will be based entirely on the extensive collection of these insects in the National
Museum.
Mr. W. H. Ashmead is monographing the Hymenopterous family Braconida>, and
hopes to complete the work this fall. During his studies he has identified and
rearranged (be collection of these insects in the Museum. Ho has also studied the
NAT MUS 97 4
50 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Ichneumonidfe and some groups of the Micro-hymenoptera, particularly the families
CyuipidiB and Chalcidid;e, besides doing much work in naming and rearranging the
Aculeate Hymenoptera, and in labeling and cataloguing the type specimens in all
orders.
Prof. Carl F. Baker of Fort Collins, Colorado, is monographing the families Jassidse
and Cercopida?, and Prof. H. E. Summers is doing similar work with the Hydrobatidfe.
The explorations of Dr. W. L. Abbott in tbe Malay Peninsula, of Mr.
Albert Koebele in China, Japan, and Australia, and of Kev. I). W.
Snyder in the Congo region. West Africa, have resulted in the addition
to the collections of many new and rare forms. Eeference has already
been made to the material obtained. During the summer of 1890 Mr.
Rolla P. Currie made collections in Korth Dakota, Minnesota, Montana,
and Wyoming. Many of the specimens obtained probably represent
well-known species, although, a few are rare or new, while others will
help to fill up gaps in the systematic collection. In November, Mr. Currie
accompanied Prof. O. F. Cook to Liberia, where he made quite exten-
sive collections of Arthropoda. The material collected bad not, how-
ever, reached Washington at the close of the fiscal year.
In the chapter treating of " Material lent for investigation" a reference
will be found to the specimens sent out from this department for study.
Thirty-seven papers based upon material in the Museum have been
published during the year by members of the staff of this department,
and five others by persons not officially connected with the Museum.
The titles of these papers are given in the Bibliography (Appendix IV).
There were 13,217 specimens received during the year, and 239
entries were made in the catalogue. The total number of specimens
uow^ in the collection, including some material which has been received
on deposit, is estimated at 643,000.
DEPARTMENT OF MARINE INVERTEBRATES.
Mr. Richard Rathbun, who was recently appointed Assistant Secre-
tary of the Smithsonian Institution, continues to act as honorary
curator of this department. He states that during the year the entire
collection has been overhauled, the jars supplied with new stoppers,
when necessary, and the alcohol replenished. Catalogue cards have
been made for all the specimens entered on the books. Eight collec-
tions of marine invertebrates have been sent to educational institutions,
and a considerable number of special collections have been prepared
and distributed, most of the latter, however, having been sent in
exchange.
An exhibit, consisting of five cases of echinoderms, corals, and
sponges, was prepared for the Tennessee Centennial Exposition, at
Nashville. The echinoderms were arranged in systematic order, the
corals and si^onges being grouped in an attractive manner. A fine
series of commercial sponges, crustaceans, and corals was lent to the
XJ. S. Fish Commission for its exhibit at Nashville.
The work of separating the material collected by the Fish Commis-
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 61
sion and stored at the museum of Yale University lias been carried on
during the year under the direction of Professor Verrill, although no
specimens have been received at the National Mnseum.
The condition of the exhibition and study series is practically the
same as indicated in the lJei)ort for last year.
There was an increase of 13 in the number of accessions, the total
having been 82. The material received from the U. S. Fish Commission
is not nearly so valuable as that received during the ])ieceding year.
On the other hand, the value of tlie accessions from outside sources
has greatly exceeded that of the accessions for 180o-9(j.
The material of greatest importance is here mentioned:
One buiulred aud twenty-four microscopic slides of Adriatic sponges (purchase);
from the State University of Iowa, tbroujih Prof. C. C. Nutting, 14 species of crabs
and 52 niicroseopic slides of Plnuiularian bydroids, collected ebielly by tbe biolog-
ical expedition made by tbo University to the Bahamas and Florida Keys in 1893
(exchange) ; from the Museum of Natural History, Paris, through Prof. E. L. Bouvier,
72 species of crabs (exchange); from the Koyal Zoological Museum, Turin, Italy,
throuuh Mr. .Joseph Nobili, 34 species of Crustacea (exchange); from the Koyal
Museum of Natural History, 15crlin, Germany, 32 species of crabs (exchange); from
the Zo(»b)gical Museum, Copenhagen, through Dr. F. Meinert, 30 species of oralis
(exchange); from tbe University of Stockholm, through Prof. Wilhelm Leche, 24
species of European Crustacea (exchange); from Dr. K. Koebler, Lyons, France, 21
species of invertebrates dredged in the Gulf of Gascogue (exchange); from Prof.
D'Arcy W. Thompson, Dundee, Scotland, 16 specimens of Crustacea, chiefly from
Davis Straits (exchange); from the Museum of Natural History, Geneva, Switzer-
land, through Dr. N. d'Adelung, 12 species of Crustacea (exchange); from the
British Museum of Natural History, London, England, 9 species of crabs (exchange).
Prof. W. P. Hay, Washington, D. C, transmitted 2;") species of Crayfishes, in
exchange. Many of these were type specimens. Six species of Crayfishes, described
by Dr. Walter Faxon, were sent, in exchange, by the Museum of Comparative
Zoology, Cambridge, Ma.ssachusetts. From Cornell University, through Prof. .1. H.
Comstock, were received 19 species of invertebrates collected by the Cornell expedi-
tion to Gn'cnland in 1896. Eight species of Crustacea and 5 Japanese sponges were
purchased.
Other accessions were as follows: From Mr. F. S. Conant, Johns Hopkins Univer-
sity, Baltimore, 29 species of crabs collected in Kingston Harbor, Jamaica (gift);
from Dr. E. A. Andrews, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 17 species of crabs
collected in the Bahamas (gift) ; from the U. S. Fish Commissi(m, material obtained
in connection with oyster investigations in Long Ishind Sound in 1890 and 1892
(gift); from the Fur-Seal Commission, Dr. David S. Jordan, president, invertebrates
collected in .Japan and the Bering Sea (gift]' ; from Dr. Leonhard Stejneger, U. S.
National Museum, Crustacea aud worms from the Sandwich Islands (gift); from Dr.
W. L. Abbott, crabs, lobsters, and shrimps collected in Siam (gift); from Mr. A. W.
Anthony, San Diego, California, Crustacea collected on the west coast of Lower
California (purchase) ; from H. Farquhar, department of lands ami survey, Welling-
ton, New Zealand,.") species of eciunoderms (exchange); from Mr. E. B. Carter,
St. Augustine, Florida, 2 pieces of wood eaten by Isopods, also numerous specimens
of Isopods from St. Johns Kiver, Florida (gift): from T. D. A. Cockerell, Mesilla,
New Mexico, 2 species of Isopods, one of which was iindescribed, from the vicinity of
Socorro, New Mexico (gift); from .1. O. Snyder, Stanford University, California,
crustaceans, worms, and bydroids collected on the coast of soutliern California
(gift) ; from H. N. Lowe, Pasadena. California, crustaceans and echinoderms collected
in San Pedro Bay, California (gift).
52 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Special investigations have been prosecuted by members of tbe staff
of this department, as follows:
Mr. Benedict, assistant curator, has made a study of the Isopoda,
especially those collected by the steamer Albatross. He has deter-
mined the bulli of the unnamed specimens, and has nearly completed a
report upon the same, for which a number of drawings have been made.
Miss Rathbun, second assistant curator, has continued her studies of
the Brachyura, and has completed a revision of the nomenclature.
Special studies of the PalicidoB, the fresh-water crabs, and the genera
Callinectes, iSesarma, and Etliusa., have also been carried on.
Miss Rathbun was on detached service for four months for the pur-
pose of visiting the museums of London, Copenhagen, Kiel, Berlin,
Geneva, and Paris. During her travels many type specimens of deca-
pod Crustacea were examined, and about 140 photographs made for
future comparison and study. Exchanges were arranged with the
museums visited, and one series has already been received from each.
The number of species represented in these collections is ITO, and the
number of spe(!imens, 312. Nearly all the species are new to the collec-
tion, and 28 type specimens are included.
Some of the museums visited kindly lent specimens of crabs to the
U. S. National Museum for study.
Those who Avere especially instrumental in bringing about these
results were Sir William H. Flower, Mr. Charles E. Fagan, and Prof. F.
Jeffrey Bell, of the British Museum of Natural History; Dr. F. Meinert,
of the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen; Dr. K. Brandt, director of the
Zoological Institute, Kiel, Germany; Dr. K. Mobius, director of the
Eoyal Zoological Museum, Berlin; Dr. F. Hilgendorf, also of the Berlin
Museum; Dr. N. d'Adelung and Prof. H. de Saussure, of the Museum
of Natural History, Geneva, Switzerland; and Prof. A. Milne-Edwards
and Prof. E. L. Bouvier, of the Museum of Natural History, Paris.
Material for study and examination has been sent to five specialists
during the year, and others have prosecuted investigations in the
department. Further reference to these matters will be found in
another part of this Report.
Assistance has been rendered in various ways by persons not con-
nected with the Museum, as may be seen from the following paragraphs
taken from the report of the honorary curator :
Dr. Walter Faxon submitted for publication a report on the crayfishes added to
our collection during recent years, at the same time returning the specimens upon
which the report is based, and adding others from the collections of the Museum of
Comparative Zoology at Cambridge.
Prof. C. C. Nutting, who is monographing the hydroids, including the large col-
lection belonging to the Museum, has completed and transmitted for publication
that part treating of the Plnmu]arid;e.
Dr. A. Zumbrach was a volunteer assistant in the department from October to
June, rendering valuable service during that time in translating from the German.
Mr. W. P. Hay, professor of zoology at the Central High School, who has assisted
the department in various ways, contributed his entire collection of crayfishes,
including manj' types.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSIi^TANT SECRETARY. 53
Mr. F. S. Morton, Portland, Maine, has mounted and named a number of specimens
of Foraminifera for the Museum.
Miss Harriet Richardson lias been a volunteer assistant in the department since
September, 1896, and has aided in the identification of tlie Isopoda, especially the
SpIiMioniidii'. Descriptions and tij;ures of several species have already been pub-
lished
Fifteen papers based upon ]\Iusenm material have been published
durini>- the year. ' The titles of these are given in the Bibliography
(Api^eudix l^').
It is proposed to rearrange the exhibits in the west hall of the Smith-
sonian Building. In carrying out this rearrangement more attention
will be given to systematic order and a better representation of the
genera. New cases will be provided. Forms which can not be repre-
sented properly by specimens will be shown by casts or diagrams.
Nearly 2,400 specimens were received during the year, the total
number in the collection l)eing estimated at about 520,000. Eight
hundred and twenty-five entries were made in the catalogues, as fol-
lows: Crustaceans, 586 5 worms, 20; bryozoans and ascidians, 10;
echinoderms and coelenterates, 203; sponges and protozoans, 6.
HELMINTIIOLOGICAL COLLECTION.
Dr. C W. Stiles, custodian, reports that four collections have been
added to the Museum series during the year, namely, the collection of
the Bureau of Animal Industry, Department of Agriculture, and the
private collections of Drs. Leidy, Stiles, and Ilassall. These have
all been received on deposit, with the understanding, however, that
the duplicate material is subject to exchange with other museums.
The helminthological collection of the TJ. S. National Museum is now,
with one or two exceptions, the largest in the world.
In addition to the material above mentioned, a collection of para-
sites of seals, obtained by the Fur-Seal Investigation Commission in
Alaska, Mas received from the Bureau of Animal Industry.
Owing to limited space it is impossible to satisfactorily arrange the
study series. There is no exhibition series. No comprehensive plans
for the further development of the section can be carried out until
more room is provided.
Doctor Stiles has completed an extensive revision of the adult ces-
todes of hares and rabbits. This paper was published in the Proceed-
ings of the National Museum, lie has also published, as a bulletin of
the Depiutment of Agricultuie, a paper on tlie tapeworms of poultry.
Doctors Stiles and Hassall have prepared a paper on tlie parasites
collected in Alaska by the FurSeal Investigation Commission. An
extensive report upon certain parasites of meat inspection, by Doctor
Stiles, is also ready for the press.
The catalogue entries for the year cover nearly .3,000 numbers.
54 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
DEPARTMENT OF COMPARATIVE ANATOMY.
Mr. F. A. Lucas, curator of this department, was absent from the
Museum from June 18 to October 15, 1896, having been detailed to
accompany the party visiting the Pribilof Islands for the purpose of
aiding in ascertaining the condition of the fur-seal herds. On June 5,
1897, he again left for the north on a similar mission..
The number of accessions to the collection has been small, although
such material as has been received is of considerable scientific value.
The study series is overcrowded, and many valuable si)ecimens are in
storage. It is possible to employ only a very small force in the prepa-
ration of material, and facilities for the work are also limited. For
these reasons no effort has been made to accumulate specimens which
could not be cared for, and only jiarticnlarly desirable material has
been accepted.
A skeleton of an Australian native and a skeleton of a Gangetic
crocodile were purchased for the exhibit at the Tennessee Centennial
Exposition. A number of skeletons of mammals, birds, and reptiles
from Lower Siam, collected by Dr. W. L. Abbott, were transmitted to
the Museum. The specimens are all in excellent condition and include
many species not before represented in the collection.
The exhibition series of the department is in especially good con-
dition. The study series, although overcrowded, is also well cared for.
The cataloguing of specimens has been kept up, but owing to the
absence of the curator and the rearrangement of the cases and speci-
mens in the exhibition hall, necessitated by the laying of a new
floor, no great amount of progress has been made in developing the
collections.
In speaking of special investigations, Mr. Lucas says:
In connection with his report on tlie fur-seal the curator has devoted considerable
attention to the question of dentition and to other anatomical points, as well as to
the food and breeding habits and diseases of the fur-seal. Tlie food was determined
almost entirely from osteological material, and in this connection one new genus of
fishes has been described. The description has not yet, however, been published.
The curator has also examined and identified the bones collected by Doctor Fewkes
at the ancient pueblo of Homolobi, and in this connection published a note on an
ancient Indian dog. The study of species of fossil bison of North America has been
continued, as well as the study of a new species of fossil shark from Iowa.
The exhibition series has been studied at various times by students
from the medical colleges and the high schools. Students and teachers
have been allowed the use of the dissecting models whenever possible.
A new genus and species of fossil Skate were described by Dr. C. R.
Eastman, of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, from
material sent to him.
The number of specimens received during the year was 110, repre-
senting the same number of catalogue entries. The total number of
specimens now in the collection is 15,395. The last numbers in the
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 55
various catalogues at the eud of June, 1896, and June, 1897, are shown
in the appended table.
1896.
Mammals | 4Sf436
IJmls ' 19440
Iteptiles and amphibians 29396
FisUes 26185
Anatomical models 53520
1897.
49469
19480
29410
26194
53527
DEPARTMENT OF PALEONTOLOGY.
The scientific value of the collections received during the past year
in this department, of which the Acting Assistant Secretary is the
honorary curator, has exceeded that of the two preceding fiscal years.
The collection of greatest value was made by Mr. Charles Schuchert,
assistant curator, in southern Alabama. As a result the National
Museum now has nearly complete skeletons of Zeuglodon und Dorudon,
besides much suplementary material. Mr. Schuchert also made a
small but interesting collection of Ordovician and Devonian fossils in
Tennessee.
The U. S. Geological Survey transferred to the Museum seven lots of
invertebrate fossils, all of which are of considerable value.
Mr. li. D. Lacoe, Pittston, Pennsylvania, added to the Lacoe Collec-
tion 208 specimens of Tertiary fossil- plants, many of them being types.
Mr. Walter Hough, assistant curator in the department of ethnology,
presented his private collection of Carboniferous fossil plants and
invertebrates.
Col. Charles Coote Grant, TTamilton, Ontario, donated two interesting
lots of Silurian graptolites from his locality.
Mr. W. S. Gresley, Erie, Pennsylvania, presented a number of spec-
imens of Lake Siii)erior iron ores, containing probable fossil imprints.
If these are actually the imprints of animals, they are the oldest
known fossils.
Dr. Charles E. Beecher, New Haven, Connecticut, presented a small
but valuable collection of Devonian phyllopod Crustacea, and two
models showing the ventral anatomy of trilobites.
Dr. Wheelton Hind, Stoke-upon-Trent, England, sent an interesting
collection of Carboniferous mollusca in exchange.
Prof. E. H. Barbour, of the University of Nebraska, deposited a
collection of the problematic fossils known as Diemonelix, which was
afterwards purchased.
The University of Wyoming, through Prof. Wilbur C. Knight, sent
an interesting collection of ^lesozoic invertebrates from Wyoming, in
exchange.
The type specimens of LepidoxyJon anomalum and Mcf/aphytum gold-
enber<jii were received in exchange from Dr. J. H. Britts, Clinton,
Missouri.
56 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
The Manchester Museum, Owens College, Manchester, England, pre-
sented fifty-four species of fossils from the Lancashire coal measures.
A great deal of time has been devoted to the exhibition series of
fossil vertebrates and fossil plants, but the collections are still in a
condition far from satisfactory. When the new gallery in the southeast
court is completed, the former series will be considerably enlarged.
The Marsh collection of vertebrates should be labeled and the entire
invertebrate exhibition series mounted upon tiles. All of the fossil
Medusa? illustrated by the Director of the U. S. Geological Survey in
a work to be i^ublished by the Survey, will be i^laced upon exhibition.
Two synoptic collections illustrating the genera, families, and orders of
the Crinoids and Trilobites have been arranged and mounted on tiles
for the Tennessee Centennial Exposition, About five months have been
given to the preparation of the Zeuglodon material collected by Mr.
Schuchert, and a nearly complete skeleton of this cetacean will soon
be placed upon exhibition.
Considerable progress has been made with the study collections in
the various sectious of this department under the charge of Messrs.
W. H. Dall, Lester F. Ward, T. W. Stanton, F. H. Knowlton, David
White, and Charles Schuchert. The material gathered annually by
these gentlemen is, however, accumulatiug more rapidly than they are
able to study and finally dispose of.
The assistant curator has been able to give very little time to original
research, owing to i^ressure of other work. He has, however, as oppor-
tunity i)ermitted, continued his studies of the Kortli American fossil
starfishes. He has also prepared reports on several collections of
fossils submitted to him by the Director of the U. S. Geological Survey.
His work entitled Synripsis of American Fossil Brachiopoda, includ-
ing Bibliography and Synonymy, has been completed, and is in type.
It will appear as Bulletin No. 87 of the U. S. Geological Survey.
A number of papers have been i^iiblished during the year by mem-
bers of the staff of this department. The titles of these appear in the
Bibliography (Appendix lY).
The assistant curator devoted a portion of the month of May, 1897,
to collecting invertebrates from the Devonian strata of western Ten-
nessee. His explorations in Alabama have already been referred to.
From the Fewkes expedition of 1896,. through Mr. Walter Hough, an
interesting collection of Mesozoic invertebrate fossils was received. A
large quantity of material collected by the paleontologists of the U. S.
Geological Survey has been deposited in the Museum, but has not yet
been formally transferred.
A number of si^ecimens have been lent to Prof. Alpheus Hyatt, of
Cambridge, Massachusetts, for use in the preparation of a synopsis of
the class Cephalo^wda. Professor Hyatt also spent a short time at the
Museum in April, 1897, studying the ammonites.
Prof. J. F. Whiteaves, of the Geological Survey of Canada, identified
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 57
the Miisenm series of Ordovician fossils from the Ked I\iver of the
North, and Prof. Charles E. Beecher, of Yale iMiiversity. assisted iu
the arranoenient of the syuoptic (.'ollection of trilobites.
Collections of fossils, made either directly by the National Museum
orthroujjh its iiiMuence, are arriving' faster than tlie staff of the.dei)art-
ment can properly transfer them to the exhibition or study .series.
Material transmitted from the U. S. Geological Survey is also rapidly
accumulating. Although this material has served the purpose for
which it was collected by the Survey, it is not in condition for tinal
disposition in the study or exhibition series. The services of a pre-
parator are reijuired, and the specimens must be finally identified and
registered. Owing to lack of assistance and insuClicicnt drawer-space,
these collections have been accumulating- for some time past, and there
are now in storage 880 boxes of i)ractically unworked material. -
The most important gap in the paleontological collections of the
Museum is in the vertebrate series. The assistant curator has. during
the past three years, devoted many months to the work of gathering
and preparing nuiterial of three skeletons of the large cetacean, Zenylo-
don cetoldes. More than 2li5 boxes of vertebrate material are in storage
awaiting preparation. In addition to this the U. S. (leological Survey,
through Prof O. C. Marsh, of New Haven, desires to gradually turn
over to the ^NEuseum the vast collections of vertebrate material which
have been accumulating during the past ten or twelve years. Upon
the gallery now being constructed iu the southeast court will be ])laced
the exhibition series of fossil plants which at present occupies the wall-
cases along two sides of the ground floor in that court.
The total number of specimens received during the year is estimated
at 5,.'>(»0. The number of catalogue entries is shown in the following
table :
Collection.
Number of
entries.
Paleozoic invertebrates
719
Mesozoic invertebrates
11
Cenozoic invertebrates
13, 427
150
Vertebra tes
Fossil plants
208
Fossil i)lants (Lacoo Collection) -. - -
208
Total
14,723
DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY (NATIONAL nERnAKir:\r).
^Fr. F. V. Coville, honorary curator of this department, states that
there were 370 accessions during the year, an increa.se of 134 over the
previous year. The material received is also of greater scientific value,
the opportunities for advantageous exchange having been largely
increa.sed since the transfer of the Herbarium to the National Museum
building.
58 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
The following accessions are of especial importance and have mate-
rially added to the value of the collection :
Nearly 900 South American plants from Dr. A. Engler, Berlin, Germany (exchange) ;
1,369 specimens from Mr. F. V. Coville (gift); 981 plants from the Sandwich Islands
(purchase) ; 1,057 plants from Oregon (purchased by the Department of Agriculture) ;
1,000 specimens from Dr. W. H. Forwood, Washington, D. C. (gift); 625 Mexican
lilants purchased hy the Department of Agriculture and about 1,500 Mexican plants
purchased by the Museum; 424 specimens from Mississippi, collected by Mr. C. L.
Pollard; 600 specimens from Connecticut, obtained bj- exchange with Dr. E. H.
Fames, Bridgeport; 500 rare specimens from Xorth and South Carolina, received in
exchange from Biltmore Herbarium, Biltmore, North Carolina ; 525 plants from Mis- "
souri (purchase) ; 600 California specimens (purchase); 735 specimens irom India,
sent in exchange by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta ; 535 plants from Idaho
(purchase) ; 1,267 specimens from Montana (purchase) ; 500 West Indian plants (pur-
chase) ; 600 tropicaJ plants from Dr. E. Warming, Copenhagen, Denmark (exchange) ;
300 South African plants from Dr. K. Schumann, Berlin, Germany (purchase) ; 382
Wyoming plants from Mr. A. Nelson, Laramie, Wyoming (exchange); 250 plants
from Florida (purchase) ; 298 hepatic£e (purchase); 80 i)lants from the islands of
California (purchase) ; 176 Australian plants from Mr. R. T. Baker, Sydney, Australia
(exchange); 696 specimens from the Botanical Gardens of St. Petersburg, Russia
(exchange); 226 African plants from Dr. Hans Schinz, Zurich, Germany (exchange).
There were also obtained by xmrchase 208 plants from Yucatan, 218 specimens from
the Azores, 150 algte, 50 specimens of Salix, and 209 Californiau plants.
Additional material of special value was presented as follows : From Mrs. O. F.
Cook, W^ashington, D. C, 335 foreign jdants; from Mr. J. M. Macoun, Ottawa, Canada,
154 Arctic and Canadian specimens; from Mr. E. S. Steele, Washington, D. C, 110
grasses from the District of Columbia; from Mr. C. H. T. Townsend, 109 Texan
plants, and from Prof. B. W. Evermann, 139 specimens from Idaho.
The collection is in excellent condition, although considerably crowded.
Additional case-room is regarded as necessary if the present satisfac-
tory development of the Herbarium is to continue. The species are so
arranged as to be easily consulted, and many of the genera have been
revised in the light of recent monographs. The old and worn-out genus
covers have, in a large number of instances, been replaced by new ones.
The progress made in other directions in caring for the collection is set
forth in the following paragraphs :
The storage cases in the tower rooms have been thoroughly overhauled and all old
collections, with few exceptions, have been mounted and prei)ared for distribution.
The Herbarium has been stamped almost up to the Leguminosie, making a total
number of about 18,000. The desirability of completing this count can not be too
strongly emjihasized, but it would require the exclusive services of a botanical
assistant for the space of nearly a year. A similar statement might be made with
reference to the transfer to the Herbarium of the old Museum collection now stored
on the south balcony and the seiiaration from it of the District herbarium.
The selection and labeling of type siiecimens has progressed in a very gratifying
manner. There are now 1,344 types properly labeled and indexed, a large proportion
of them consisting of species described within the last three years. In this connec-
tion the growth of the collection is evidenced by the fact that a total of 32,607
mounted sheets have been added to the Herbarium during the year. This work has
been performed by two preparators, under the personal supervision of Mr. Pollard,
the labeling of the types having been directed by Mr. Rose.
The development of the cryptogamic collection under Mr. Cook's charge has also
been remarkable, but as Mr. Cook was here for the space of three months only, it is
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 59
impossible to give any definite statistics in relation thereto. It would be an
advanta,i;e if this collection could be moved into one of the tower rooms, atlordiug
more liglit for microscopic study, but there is, unfortunately, no room ou the balcony
floor available for the ])reparator8 now at work in the tower.
In alludiiio- to explorations, the honorary curator states that valu-
able collections have in several instances been obtained by employees
of the Museum sent out to obtain materials in other groups. Mr.
Charles Schuchert made collections during a tri}) to Alabama and ]\[is-
sissippi in October, I.SIX), and Dr. Leonhard Stejneger, during- his trip
to the islands of Bering Sea, obtained a number of specimens. Mr.
Pollard, assistant curator, collected a quantity of material while on
leave from the Museum. Full sets of the specimens collected in Mexico
by ^Messrs. Xelson and Pringle have been purchased. These are of
great value. The explorations of the field agents of the U. S. Depart-
ment of Agriculture and the Fish Commission have also resulted in the
acquisition of much important material.
Specimens for study and determination have been sent to fourteen
specialists daring the year, and a number of persons have made deter-
minations and prosecuted investigations in the department. A more
extended reference to these matters will be found in another place.
The following i)aragraphs, from the report of the honorary curator,
relating to the scientific work of the members of the staff, are of
interest :
Mr. Coville has been engaged, in connection with Mr. John B. Leiberg, tield-
agont of the Department of Agriculture, in preparing a synopsis of the botany of
the northwest, based ou the collections made in that region under the auspices
of the Department and deposited in the National Herbarium. Mr. Coville has also
continued work on the Pan-American Medicinal Flora, which is now in satisfactory
condition, due in part to the cooperation of Drs. Havard and Rusby.
Mr. Hose has made determinations of the Polypetahe in the Me.\ican collections
of Messrs. Nelson, Pringle, and others, and has also begun the determination of
Dr. Palmer's large collection from the vicinity of Durango, Mexico. He has pub-
lished several reports on this work from time to time. In the fall of 1896 he was
commissioned by the Museum to visit the herbaria of the Philadelphia Academy of
Sciences, Columbia University in New York, and Harvard University for the jjur-
pose of studying the types of Mexican species. In addition, he has revised the
genus Chnjmsj)lfinium in North America, and, in connection with Prof. John M.
Coulter, the genus IJIaopsh (Crantzia).
Mr. Pollard has continued his work on the new edition of The Flora of the Dis-
trict of Columbia, which it is proposed to publish as a bulletin of the National
Museum. In .January Mr. Pollard was commissioned by the Museum to visit the
herbarium of Columbia University in New York City, wh(sre he spent a week with
Dr. N. L. Hritton preparing the manuscript for the treatment of the family Cypera-
cea". for the work above referred to. Mr. Pollard has also coutiiuusd work on the
Violacea- and Gentianaceie for the Systematic P>otany of North America.
More than thirty papers, based upon Museum material, have been
published during the year by members of the staff of the department
and other specialists. The titles of these papers will be found in the
Bibliography (Appendix IV).
The thanks of the Museum are due to Mrs. O. F. Cook, who spent
60 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
several hours each day for about three mouths in assisting Professor
Cook in his work on the cryptogamic collectious. Dr. B. L. Robinson,
curator of the Gray Herbarium, Cambridge, Massachusetts, has been of
great assistance to Mr. Eose in his work on the Mexican collections.
Mr. Coville recommends the establishment of an exhibition series in
this department. The science of botany, except in certain economic
aspects, has never been represented in the exhibition series of the
Museum. He further states that it is very desirable that the crypto-
gamic portion of the collection should be developed. Some steps in
this direction have recently been taken, but in order to carry out any
comprehensive plan, more space is needed. The necessity of additional
room for the study series has already been referred to.
The routine work of the department practically consumes the time of
both of the assistant curators, leaving very little oi3portunity for the
prosecution of special investigations. It is therefore recommended by
the honorary curator that an assistant be emi)loyed, whose duty it shall
be to look after some of the minor details.
In May, 1897, Mr. Rose left for Mazatlan, on the western coast of
Mexico, for the purpose of collecting material illustrative of the botany
and ethno-botany of the country extending from that point eastward
across the lowlands and over the Sierra Madre Mountains. A plan of
work has been outlined by the honorary curator and approved by the
Acting Assistant Secretary. Through the courtesy of the Mexican
minister at Washington, the cooperation of the governors of the
States of Sinaloa and Durango, and other officials, has been secured.
The total number of specimens received during the year was about
40,000, of which 32 007 were added to the permanent collection. In the
catalogue 374 entries were made.
DEPARTMENT OF MINERALS.
Prof. F. W. Clarke, chief chemist of the U. S. Geological Survey,
remains in charge of this dej^artment as honorary curator, with Mr.
Wirt Tassin as assistant curator. In January, Rev. Dr. L. T. Cham-
berlain, of New York City, was appointed custodian of the collection of
gems and precious stones.
The relative scientific value of the accessions for the fiscal year end-
ing June 30, 1897, and those of the preceding fiscal year is about the
same. In the number of accessions, however, there has been an increase
of more than 50 i^er cent during the year covered by this report.
From the Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales, a series of
G3 minerals was obtained in exchange. Three specimens of gold pseu-
domorjih after calverite, and one specimen of telluride, were presented
by Mr. D. V. Donaldson, Colorado Springs, Colorado. Mr. F. W. Trap-
hagen presented a specimen of corundum, variety sapphire, in matrix.
There were deposited by the Smithsonian Institution three pieces of
the meteorite which fell at Long Island, Phillips County, Kansas, an
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 61
emerald crystal in a geode of calcite from Muso mine, United States of
Colombia, and two cut tonrmalines from Paris, Maine, the latter being
tlie gift of Eev. Dr. L. T. Chamberlain. A specimen of crystallized cin-
uabar, collected by J. E. Spnrr, at Mercur, Utah, was transmitted by
the U. S. Geological Snrvey. Mr. Wirt Tassin collected li44 specimens
illnstrating the mineralogy of the zinc regions of New Jersey. A col-
lection of 84 minerals, exhibited by the U. S. (xeological Survey at the
Cotton States and International Exposition, was turned over to the
Museum, and from the same source were received 81 specimens of
covellite from Gray Rock mine, Butte, Montana. A specimen of wire
silver from Asi)en, Colorado, was presented by Dr. A. S. Eakle, and
34 specimens of minerals, chiefly from Connecticut, were obtained in
exchange from Wesleyan University, at Middletown.
There has been no radical change in the exhibition series during the
year. Two additional cases have been provided lor the gem collection,
and all of the gems and precious stones have been remounted. A case
of specimens illustrating the mineralogy of Sussex County, New Jer-
sey, has been installed.
The progress made in caring for the collections is shown in the fol-
lowing paragrai^hs, quoted from the curator's report:
The material stored in the armory sheds has been removed to those on Ninth
street, giving an opportnnity of examining a large number of boxes wliose contents
■were unknown. The greater part of this material was worthless, and the work of
assorting and making final disposition of it is still going on.
Work is progressing, though slowly, on the card catalogue of the collections.
The gems have all been weighed, measured, examined with the microscoj)e, and
catalogued, and the manuscrii)t for tlie labels is now in the hands of the priuter.
The series sent to Nashville has been enlarged by models and Mclditioiuil speci-
mens, so that upon its return a series defining and illustrating :ill the properties of
minerals, including their optical jiroperties, will be ready for installation.
Some 800 specimens belonging to the old collection, but not catalogued, have been
entered and supplied with numbers.
The assistant curator has completed a crystallographic examination
of the minerals of Italian Peak, Gunnison County, Colorado, an under-
taking requiring over 200 measurements of crystals. He is also meas-
uring or describing crystallographically the specimens in the systematic
series, and has already finished tlie sulphides. A catalogue of the
series illustrating the properties of minerals is nearly completed, and a
synoptic arrangement of minerals has been prepared and submitted for
publication. Mr. Tassin has also investigated the use of iodine in the
rapid determination of minerals.
Dr. A. S. Eakle was engaged for a time in the study of the topaz
crystals in the collection.
The lack of proper facilities for analytical work is seriously felt, and
the equipment of a suitable laboratory would go far toward increasing
the value of the collection, which at present contains a large amount
of undescribed material.
62 REPORT OP NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
There were 1,341 specimens received during the year. The last cata-
logue entry in June, 1896, was 83747, and in June, 1897, 84279, giving
a total of 532 entries. It should be stated, however, that a considera-
ble number of specimens received in previous years have but recently
been entered on the catalogue.
DEPARTMENT OF aEOLOGY.
The curator, Dr. George P. Merrill, states that there were 86 " regular"
and 176 "temporary" accessions received during the year. In the
"temporary" accessions, consisting of material received for examina-
tion, there was an increase of 16 over last year.
The accessions of greatest imiwrtance were the following: From Mr.
H. S. Washington, Locust, New Jersey, 42 specimens of volcanic rocks
obtained in Italy (gift) 5 from Prof. Frank D. Adams, Montreal, Can-
ada, 14 si)ecimens of rocks from Canada (exchange) ; a drift bowlder
of native copper, obtained by purchase; from the U. S. Geological
Survey, 264 si)ecimens of rocks from Nevada City and Grass Valley,
California, and 252 microscopic sections of rocks from the same locali-
ties; from Prof. C. H. Hitchcock a series illustrating geological sec-
tions across Vermont and New Hampshire (exchange) ; a fine series of
spherulitic liparites, described by Dr. Whitman Cross, and transmitted
by the U. S. Geological Survey; collections illustrating the petrology
of Pike's Peak, Cripple Creek, and Gunnison, Colorado, described by
Messrs. Cross and Penrose, and received from the II. S. Geological
Survey ; rocks from the Tewan Mountains, collected by Maj. J. W. Powell
and Mr. W. H. Holmes, and described by Prof. J. P. Iddings, also
received from the U. S. Geological Survey; a collection of zinc and
lead ores obtained in Cherokee Oount}^, Kansas, and presented by
Mr. B. Cooley, of Galena; 10 specimens of gold and silver minerals,
and 4 specimens of fine native gold and silver, purchased for the
Nashville Exposition; a collection of Nepheline rocks of Canada,
from Prof Frank D. Adams, Montreal (exchange); a tine slab of onyx
marble from San Luis Obispo, California, obtained by purchase, and a
second slab from the same locality, presented by Mr. Frank Kessler,
New York City; a large slab of conglomerate from Virginia, showing
etched quartz pebbles (purchase); a collection of thin sections of rocks
obtained during the survey of the fortieth parallel, deposited by the
U. S. Geological Survey.
But few changes have been made in the exhibition series pending
the completion of the galleries.
A large quantity of material which has been in storage for a number
of years has been overhauled. This included 40 boxes of ores and
useful minerals received from the General Land Office in 1885, and a
series of ores collected by the Tenth Census Division of the U. S. Geo-
logical Survey. The work of assorting and cataloguing these speci-
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 63
mens is still in progress. About (500 duplicate specimens were picked
out, identified, and labeled. The card catalogue of the exhibition
series was nearly completed during the year. The regular work of the
department has been interrupted by the necessary preparations
involved in building the new galleries, and also to some extent by the
preparations for the Nashville Exposition.
A large amount of time has been given to the work of determining
and classifying the collections, although some attention has been given
to the systematic study of rock weathering. Five papers based u])ou
Museum material have been published by the curator during the year,
the titles of Avhicli appear in the Bibliography (Appendix lY).
Under the head of explorations, Doctor Merrill mentions a small
collection of ores obtained in Mexico by Mr. Edward Palmer, of the
Department of Agriculture, and the material turned over to the
Museum by the F. S. Geological Survey, already referred to.
A number of specimens and thin sections were lent to specialists for
examination during the year, and Mr. Thomas Means, of the Depart-
ment of Agriculture, and Dr. E. C. E. Lord were occu[)ied for a time
in making investigations in the laboratory of the dei)artment.
The curator makes the following remarks relative to the further
development of the exhibition series:
It is doubtful if, so far as relates to this clepartmeut as at present organized, the
actual amount of exhibition material should be greatly increased. The additional
space provided by the galleries will not be more than sufficient for a satisfactory
display of exhibits at present installed, and it is believed that better results may
be obtained by carefully -working up and rounding out existing exhibits than by
installing new ones. The opening of the balconies will necessitate an almost entire
rearrangement of the materials in the southwest court. It is intended to remove
what is known as the systematic series of economic products to this balcony, and
install the building stone exhibit in the wall-cases now occupied by the geographic
series. This will relieve the overcrowded tloor space and render the systematic
series more accessible and vastly more attractive.
There were 394 entries in the catalogue during the year, the number
of specimens received having been 2,G5G, besides 1,145 microscopic
slides. The number of si)ecimeus in the different series is shown in
the following statement :
Exhibition series 23, (325
Study series 29, 908
Microscopic slides 6, 000
Duplicates 16,072
Total 76,205
DEPARTMENT OF ETHNOLOaY.
The main dependence of this department for the acquisition of mate-
rial is divided between the Bureau of Ethnology, the consular service,
and the Department of Agriculture. Few military exj^editions are now
sent to the West, and there are no sources of supply other than thosejust
64 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
mentioned to take the place of the various Government surveys and
expeditions sent out in previous years, through which large quantities
of ethnological material were acquired. During the year just closed
the total number of accessions was 79. Of the material acquired, how-
ever, a large proportion was collected under the auspices of the Museum
for the purpose of filling gaps in the existing series.
The collection of greatest value was that obtained from the pueblos
of Arizona by Dr. J. Walter Fewkes. It consisted chiefiy of ancient
pottery, and of objects of wood, textile, and stone. The curator, Prof.
O. T. Mason, makes the following reference to this material:
The value of the Fewkes material consists, first, in the fact that the student who
is to describe the collection is the one who also made it; secondly, while the modern
pueblos have been well studied by the various members of the Bureau of Ethnology,
and we have excellent information Jilso from Dr. Seler and others concerning the
culture of ancient Mexicans aud tlie inhabitants of Central America, Dr. Fewkes
has been able to trace out through this large number of examples the symbolism of
the pueblo worship, and to compare it with that of the more cultured regions lying
south. It forms, therefore, a connecting link between the study of modern pottery
made by other students and the old culture of the architectural tribes in Middle
America.
Other accessions embracing material of value for study and compar-
ison are as follows:
From Dr. W. L. Abbott, 121 specimens, obtained in Lower Siam, and
12 specimens from the Malay Archipelago; from the estate of the late
Maj. Charles Bendire, a small collection from Dakota and the northern
boundary; from Mrs. John G. liourke, a collection of ethnological
objects; from the Bureau of American Ethnology, 233 specimens, col-
lected by Mrs. Matilda C. Stevenson; and other small collections
throngh Mr. W J McGee, Dr. Marcus Baker, and Mr. James Mooney.
Thirty-seven specimens from Shanghai, China, were purchased; aud
there were received in exchange from the Canterbury Museum in New
Zealand 10 ethnological specimens, and from the Hon. John Daggett,
of California, 18 photographs of Klamath Indians, Dr. J. Walter
Fewkes presented 108 specimens from the Moki pueblos, and 20 speci-
mens were received from Mr. A. E. Hippisley. From Mr. E. W. Nelson
242 Alaskan specimens were purchased, and 91 specimens from
Durango, Mexico, were obtained in the same manner. Through the
Hon. W. W^ Rockhill, Assistant Secretary of State, excellent small
collections of photographs and other material have been received from
consuls in Korea aud the far East. From Miss E. E. Scidmore were
received 172 photographs obtained in various parts of the world (gift) ;
from Eev. D. W. Snyder, 85 objects from Africa (exchange); from Miss
M. A. Tribolet, 22 specimens from Burmah (gift).
A collection of objects from the Seminole Indians of Florida was
purchased. Excellent service in the way of collecting from the tribes
in the Indian Territory has been performed by Mr. James Mooney, of
the Bureau of Ethnology.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 65
In speaking of the exhibition and study series Professor Mason says:
So far as the limited spacefill allow, tbe study series is in jjood coiulitiou. A
portion of it is arranged ethnically and the remainder technically. Especially are
those objects which have been gathered in the Orient placed ethnically, Itecause
there is in no case a suflicient amount of material to permit of a satisfactory com-
parative study. For the American series, the material being much more compre-
liciisivc, it has been possible to lay out certain large ethnic or culture areas, and to
regard tlie whole western world as one enclave. In these areas comparative studies
of considerable range can be made, and therefore objects belonging to each culture
class are placed together.
The exhibition series is not in its best condition at the close of the fiscal year,
because several months of the curator's time have been devoted to the preparation
of an exhibit for the Nashville Exposition, and it has not been possible to give
proper attention to this part of the collection. The construction of new galleries
has also interfered with this portion of the work. It is hoped that in some way
additional exhibition space may be provided for the ethnological exhibit. The
specimens have been carefully guarded from destruction by moths or otherwise, and
those belonging to the study series have been made as accessible as possible.
The curator states that all of the material assigned to him during the
year has been catalogued, cleaned and, when necessary, poisoned. Cat-
alogue cards have also been made out for a large number of the specimens.
The constant transfer of specimens from the study to the exhibition
series makes it difficult to keep all of the material exhibited, properly
labeled. Additional assistance is necessary for the purpose of contin-
uing the work of checking off on the catalogues such sijecimens as have
been sent out in exchange during past years.
Since the beginning of the fiscal year the curator completed the
proofreading of his paper on "Primitive Travel and Transportation,"
which was published in the Eeport of the National Museum for 1894.
He has also published several other paper.s, the titles of which will be
found in the Bibliography (Appendix IV), together with the titles of
papers published by Dr. Fewkes, Dr. Hough, and Mr. J. D. McGuire.
Professor Mason has devoted as much time as possible to bringing
together and studying material for an exhaustive monograph of the
arts connected with the animal world. A large number of specimens
and many drawings have been gotten together, and it is hoped that the
work will be ready for the press during the coming year. Mr. Stewart
Culin, of the University of Pennsylvania, is still studying the Museum
collection of games.
The Poyal Scottish Museum recently sent to the U. S. National
Museum a number of photographs of objects known to have been col-
lected by the celebrated geographer Capt. James Cook. These had
been incorrectly labeled, and it was desired to have them comjmred
with the large collection here. This matter has now been attended to.
The following statement regarding scientific work accomplished, and
services rendered by persons not connected with the Museum, is of
interest:
Investigations of great importance have been prosecuted in the department of
ethnology during the ])ast year. Mr. .J. D. McGuire continued hie studies of the
NAT MIS 07 5
66 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
pipes of the North American aboiigiues, and the pictographic work of the Eskimo
has occupied the attention of Dr. W. J. Hoft'mau. Dr. Fewkcs spent the winter in
preparing an elaborate report of his researches in Arizona during the past two years.
Mr. E. W. Nelson, who spent three years in Alaska in the early eighties, and who
was subsequently compelled to go to Arizona ou account of ill health, recently
returned to Washington and prepared, with the aid of the force connected with the
department, a monograjih of his collection, consisting of 7,000 objects. So long had
this work been delayed, and so necessary to general ethnology was it that Mr. Nel-
son, who with his own hands collected these treasures, should prepare an account of
his explorations, that the curator deemed it of the utmost importance that every other
duty should be laid aside in order to push forward as rapidly as possible this ethno-
graphic study. The work has now been finished, and the manuscript has been sent
to the Bureau of Ethnology for publication. Hundreds of drawings and many pho-
tographic plates were carefully made in order to illustrate the monograph. It is.
also worth mentioning that with the cooperation of Mr. Nelson all of the specimens
in our collection kindred to those which he brought together, have attained addi-
tional imijortance.
It would be impossible to name all the persons who have willingly served the
department of ethnology during the past year, but especial attention is called to the
services rendered by the following i)ersons: Mr. Tappan Adney worked ixp the classi-
fication of canoes and traps according to forms; Mr. Henry Balfour studied the
Asiatic bow ; the Hon. John Daggett, of California, studied the material, dyes and
technique of California Indian basketry; Mr. Samuel J. Entrikin, Chester, Pennsyl-
vania, gave information concerning the structure of the Eskimo dog harness;
Dr. J. Walter Fewkes gave information regarding the industrial life of the jjueblo
Indians; Dr. J. W. Hudson, Ukiah, California, studied the various stitches used in
California basketry; Dr. W. J. Hoffman studied the methods of mat making among
the Chippewa tribes; Miss Elizabeth Lemke, of Berlin, investigated the distribution
of looms of Germany ; Mr. J. D. McGuire, Ellicott City, Maryland, studied the art of
stone Avorking; Mr. E. W. Nelson gave information on many details connected with
the technique of the Alaskan Eskimo. Rev. G. B. Winton, San LuisPotosi, Mexico,
transmitted valuable collections illustrating the survival of ancient Indian arts
among the modern tribes, and of old Spanish culture in the folk Mexican life. Mr..
F. V. Coville has become interested in the study of plants used by the Indians of our
western country for food, narcotics, clothing, houses, textiles, etc.
Professor Mason agaiu calls attention to the desirability of directing-
special effort to the acquisition of such material as will fill gaps in tha
I)resent series and of acquiring material for new series. He refers to a
paper which -he recently published in the Report of the Smithsonian
Institution,' in which he has elaborated eighteen culture areas in the
Western Hemisphere and divided the products of human activity into-
seven large classes, indicating in a table what constitutes the necessary
data for a correct study of the ethnography of these culture regions.
He suggests the advisability of preparing, in connection with this, a
statement showing what the Museum already possesses and what is
still desired, in order that the IsTational Museum may, as far as possible,
present a complete history of the culture of all the tribes which have
lived upon the American continent.
The total number of specimens received during the year, including
the pueblo material above referred to, is 3,834, and the number of
catalogue entries 2,721.
' Report of the Smithsonian Institution, 1895, pp. 639-665.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 67
DEPARTMENT OF PREHISTORIC ANTHROPOLOGY,
The curator of tliis departmeut, Dr. Thomas Wilson, states that the
material received during- the year has been fully up to the general
average, so far as scientitic value is concerned. The total number of
permanent accessions was 117, while 52 lots of material were received
for examination and report. •
The accessions of special imi)ortauce are as follows:
Dr. Eoland Steiner of Groveton, Georgia, deposited a large collection,
consistingof more than 10,000 specimensof implements and othei'objects
from an aboriginal village site on the Iviokee Creek, Columbia County,
Georgia. From the Bureau of American Ethnology was received acollec-
tion of anti(iuities found in mounds and stone graves in Missouri and Illi-
nois. The material consists principally of pottery bowls and vases,
although there are a number of stone implements and otlier objects. The
collection included altogether about o~>0 specimens. The U. S. Fish Com-
mission transmitted 41 archeological objects found while excavating for
fish ])onds at its station at Sau Marcos, Texas, and a collection of about
350 specimens from the same locality was received from Mrs. Joseph D.
Sayers. Another collection from the Bureau of Ethnology consisted of
240 prehistoric stone implements from different localities in Colorado
and Kansas. These were collected by Messrs. G. K. (Jilbei-t and F. H.
Newell of the U. S. Geological Survey. Dr. Thomas Wilson deposited
a series of 10 objects from a stone grave near IsTashville, Tennessee, and
a collection of 64 objects from the Noel Cemetery, Glendale Pai k, near
Nashville. From the Smithsonian Institution was received a collection
of im[)lements an<l other objects gathered by Miss Emma Delafield
while traveling in ^Mexico several years ago. Dr. Thomas Featherston-
haugh of Washington, Districtof Columbia, presented 55 objects found in
a burial cave near Lake Apopka, southern Florida. Miss Georgie L.
Leonard, Washington, District of Columbia, deposited a hook of luitive
hammered coi)per, found in the glacial drift in the valley of the Sault
Ste. Marie River, on the Michigan side.
Other collections were: From M. de Morgan, Gizeh Museum, Cairo,
Egypt, a collection of 252 specimens (exchange); from Mr. Clarence B.
Moore, 1.321 Locust street, Philadeli)hia, a large pottery burial urn
from a mound in Bryan County, Georgia (gift); from Mr. Henry S.
Washington, Locust, New -Jersey, a rude stone ax or pick found at
Beni Hassan, on the Nile, I^jgypt, also a hammer stone from Greece,
(gift); from Mr. Byron E. Dodge, KiciifieUl, Michigan, a collection of
30 specimens found in Genesee County, Michigan (di'j)osit); from Dr.
Felix Adler, New York City, 30 specimens of pottery obtained from
a cave at Dos Caminos, near Acapuho, Mexico (exchange); from Mr.
•L W. Emmert, Bristol, Tennessee, 3!J4 specimens, principally from Sul-
li\au County, in that State, (purchase); from the Canterbury Museum,
Christchurch, New Zealand, 11 flint knives, scrapers, etc. (gift); from
68 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Mr. George H. Scott, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, a small spear-head
from Bar Eiver, Ontario, Canada; from the Eoyal Museum of Natural
History, Brussels, Belgium, 82 casts of animal bones and implements,
the originals of which were obtained from various caverns in Belgium;
from Mr. John M. Foss, Forbestown, California, a collection of imple-
ments from Yuba County, in that state (gift); from Mr. H. W. Beck-
ett, Woodbury, New Jersey, a collection of 45 objects from his vicinity
(gift); from Mr. Elias Eichards, New Orleans, Louisiana (through the
Bureau of Ethnology), a polished spade-like implement of dark green
chlorite (exchange); from Mr. H. C. Duvall, Washington, District of
Columbia, 4 specimens from various localities (gift) ; and from Mr. John
C. Abel, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 201 specimens from the Couestoga
Hills, near Lancaster (gift).
The exhibition series is in as good condition as at any previous time.
Many labels have been added, and others are in course of jjreparation.
There is no separate study series in the department. During the year
there have been no radical changes, so far as the installation of the
collection is concerned. The routine work of the office (including the
examination of a large number of objects sent to the Museum for that
purpose) has been heavy. In addition to this, however, the department
prepared an exhibit, consisting of nearly 1,000 si^ecimens, for the
Tennessee Centennial Exposition. The work of preparation was per-
formed mainly by Mr. Upham, the installation of the collection being
superintended by Dr. Wilson. The transfer to this department of the
collection of prehistoric pottery, which has recently been completed,
has added considerably to the work of the oflice.
In the early i)art of the fiscal year Dr. Wilson completed the proof-
reading, etc., of his paper on the Swastika. He has also prepared a
descriptive catalogue of the Steiner collection, and has devoted a con-
siderable amount of time to other papers.
The curator has continued to fill the position of professor of prehis-
toric anthropology in the National University in this city, where he
delivered a series of lectures during the year.
The following explorations have resulted in enriching the collections
of the department:
Dr. Roland Steiner has continued hia investigations into the Kiokee village site in
Columbia County, Georgia.
Mr. John C. Abel, of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, has continued his investigation of
the Conestoga Hills in his neighborhood.
The curator, while at Nashville, engaged in work connected with the Tennessee
Centennial Exposition, spent three days in making investigations among the stone
graves which are to be found in abundance in that locality. He procured the entire
contents of one of the graves, including the stone coffin and pottery floor, and
brought them with him to the Museum, where they will be placed upon exhibition.
Prof. G. K. Gilbert and Mr. F. H. Newell, of the U. S. Geological Survey, collected
240 archseological specimens during a reconnoissauce in the plains regions of the
Arkansas River in eastern Colorado.
REPORT OP ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 69
M. J;u'([iies de ^Slorgan, of tho Gi/th Muspuiu, Cairo, Egypt, sent to the U. S.
National Museum 252 specimens of neolithic Hint implements collected hy himself.
Dr. Wilson was appointed by the Secretary of State to act as com-
missioner on behalf of the United States to the International Exposi-
tion, which opened at Brussels in April, 1897.
About 200 specimens were lent to Mr. J. I). McGiiire for use in con-
nection with tlie preparation of his paper on prehistoric pijies.
Several persons have made special studies of the collections in the
department, as will be seen by reference to the chapter on the work of
students and investigators.
The titles of those papers published by the curator during" the year
which are based upon Museum material are given in the Dibliography
(Appendix IV).
There has been no material change in the plans of the curator for the
future development of the department. These were set forth (piite fully
in the last Annual Eeport.
There were 13,840 specimens received during the year. The total
number of specimens in the department was given in the last Report
as 209,340. The number of specimens transferred to this department
from the former section of American aboriginal pottery is estimated at
20,000, and 15,981 casts, made for distribution to scientific and educa-
tional institutions, are now accounted for for the first time. This gives
a total of 250,1(17. Deducting the number of original implements and
casts distributed during i)receding years and not accounted for, and
also those sent out during the current year (in all 8,911), the number of
specimens in the department is shown to be 250,250.
The last catalogue entry in June, 1896, was 173001, and in June,
1897, 195271, giving a total of 22,210 entries. The number of speci-
mens received for examination and report during the year was 174.
DEPARTMENT OF ARTS AND INDUSTRIES.
Technological collections. — Mr. J. E. Watkins, curator, has submitted
separate reports upon the several series embraced in the technological
collections. These collections are gradually being brought into better
condition; although, since the appointment of Mr. Watkins as chief
of the division of buildings and superintendence, it has not been pos-
sible for him to devote much time to matters i^ertaining to the techno-
logical exhibits. Such work as has been performed has been done
with a special view to bringing together and preserving those objects
which are representative of epoch-making inventions.
Mr. George C. Maynard has rendered important service as custodian
of the electrical collections. The prospects for building up an interest-
ing series of historic electrical apparatus are very gratifying, and sub-
stantial progress has already been made.
70 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
The following tentative classification of the technological collections
has been adopted for convenience in administration:
TraQsportation and engineeriug:
Transportation by laud —
Yeliicles without wheels.
Vehicles with wheels.
Transportation by water —
Rafts and primitive crafts.
Sailing vessels.
Steamboats and steamships.
Electrical engineering —
Telegraph.
Telephone.
Light and heat.
Motors, stationary and for traction.
Machines and appliances of historical interest.
Textiles (arranged to show the history of the art of weaving).
Animal products (arranged to show the result of human effort in utilizing the
products of the animal kingdom).
Foods (arranged to show the adaptation of the products of the animal, vegeta-
ble, and mineral kingdoms to supply food for man).
Physical apparatus.
The most iraj)ortant addition to the transportation collection, from
an historical point of view, was a poster, dated October 9, 1821, of a
stage-coach line between Providence, Ehode Island, and Worcester,
Massachusetts. This poster was presented by Mrs. S. H. Olmstead.
The first machine used in the manufacture of baskets, known as the
Horton automatic basket machine, was received from Mr. E. G. DuBois,
Washington, District of Columbia. The original working model of the
first boiler-riveting machine, using steam as the power, was presented
by Mr. Charles H. Haswell, New York City.
In this section the exhibition and study series are combined, and the
collections are in fair condition, considering the limited space avail-
able. Yery little progress has been made in administering upon them
during the year, owing to the fact that the time of the curator has been
taken up with other matters. A small synoptical series was prepared
for the Tennessee Centennial Exposition. Whenever additional space
shall be provided, the collection will be entirel}^ rearranged.
Three entries were made in the catalogue during the year, embracing
the same number of specimens.
The electrical collections have been increased through the courtesy
of Miss ]\Iary A. Henry, who deposited additional specimens relating
to Professor Henry's discoveries in electro-magnetism. Some pieces
of apparatus were also received from the Smithsonian Institution.
Eeg^rding this collectioji Mr. Maynard says:
An eifort has been made to assemble and place on exhibition the Henry relics, for
which a suitable case has been provided. In this undertaking the Museum has
received the valuable cooperation of the daughters of Professor Henry, who have
deposited many valuable objects illustrating his work and showing iu some measure
the recognition he received for it from scientific men throughout the world.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 71
A considerable number of pieces of Henry's experimental apparatus has also been
received from the Smithsonian Institution. The apparatus made by Henry in
1831 for Yale University, and deposited by that institution, and other apparatus
illustrating the important original work done by Henry, also form parf, of the col-
lection. At this time, when the whole world is enjoying immense benefits from
numerous electrical appliances which have grown out of the discoveries made l)y
Henry in his early researches, this apparatus used by him, much of it constructed
with his own hatuls. jjossesses an intense interest. It forms a suitable beginning for
a collection of historical electrical apparatus showing the various stages in teleg-
raphy, telephony, electric lighting, and kindred industries, the history of which —
yet to be written — reflects much credit upon .loseph Henry and the Smithsonian
Institution.
Mrs. Isabella Field Judson presented a large number of objects
relating" to tlie laying of the early trans-Atlantic telegrapli cables and
the work of Cyrus W. Field in coiiiieetion with that enterprise. Tliis
collection includes specimens of the original cables i)reserved by 'Sir.
Field himself, with his charts and autograph records of the first cable-
laying expeditions.
The Western Union Telegraph Company and the Telegraphic His-
torical Society deposited several specimens of original apparatus show-
ing the development of the telegraph in this country. Mr. F. W.
Hawley, of Xew York City, presented an electric motor which was
operated by a current generated at Niagara Falls and transmitted to
New York City, a distance of 453 miles, over commercial wires of the
Western Union Telegraph Company.
A large number of interesting and important objects can not be
placed upon exhibition owing to lack of space.
A great deal of time has beeu devoted to the classification and
arrangement of the collections, the preparation of a catalogue, and an
investigation of the history and authenticity of numerous objects not
heretofore fully identified and described.
Models illustrating some of the discoveries and inventions of Frank-
lin, Henry, Morse, and Page were sent to the Tennessee Centennial
Exposition.
Correspondence has been entered into with Mr. Thomas A. Edison,
Prof. Elihu Thomson, JNIr. Charles F. Brush, the General Electrical
Company, the Western Union Telegraph Company, and other indi-
viduals and firms prominent in electrical matters, and gratifying assur-
ances of cooperation have been received. Assistance in furnishing
information or in searching for historical objects has been rendered by
the following persons: Gen. Thomas T. Eckert, presidentof the Western
Union Telegraph Company, and Messrs. C. A. Tinker and A. S. Brown,
of the same com[)any; ]\Ir. Edward L. Morse, Yonkers, New York;
Dr. Henry M. Field, New York City; Mr. T. C. Martin, editor of the
Electrical Engineer, and Mr. S. H. Kauffmann and other officers of
the Telegraphic Historical Society.
Work has been outlined for the future as follows :
The more perfect classitication and arrangement of the objects now belonging to
the collections ancl the completion <»l' :iii aci-urate eatalogiu) and historical record of
72 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
them; the gradual establishment of a complete collectiou of historical apparatus
showing the development of the art of generating electricity and its application to
various scientific and industrial purposes, such as telegraphy, telephony, electric
lighting, power, heat, etc. ; the preparation of a series of models of epoch-making
apparatus illustrating the more important discoveries in electrical science, com-
mencing with the voltaic pile and continuing down to the intensity magnet of
Henry.
Two hundred and fifty-three specimens have been received, the total
number in the collection being 395. There were 276 entries in the
catalogue.
The additions to the collection of naval architecture show an increase
in value over the specimens received in the preceding year. A small
pamphlet entitled A Treatise on the Application of Steam, by James
Eumsey, published in 1788, constitutes the most important accession.
This was presented by Thomas Eumsey. A model of the ship America,
in which all the sails and imijortant parts — about 425 in number — are
labeled, was constructed and sent to Kashville for exhibition at the
Tennessee Centennial Exposition. A model of the ship R. F. Stocl-ton,
the first steamboat with an iron hull and also the first steamboat with
a screw propeller to cross the Atlantic, was built and placed on exhi-
bition in the Museum.
The collection of naval models is not fully labeled, but it is hoj)ed
that arrangements may be soon made for having this work done. The
wall-cases in the exhibition hall have been enlarged, rendering possible
the better arrangement of the models. Although no study series
exists, the needs of the student have been considered in the arrange-
ment of the exhibition series, and they will also be considered in the
preparation of the labels. Many of the models are in need of repairs,
and this matter will also receive attention. It is proposed to complete
the series, so far as the means at command will allow.
Five specimens were received during the year, involving the same
number of catalogue entries. The total number of specimens in the
collection is estimated at 1,336.
There have been no additions during the year to the collection of
textiles. A large number of unit boxes have been overhauled and a
tentative exhibit arranged. As soon as the galleries are completed, it
is hoped that an opportunity will be afforded to permanently arrange
the exhibition series. Labels should also be provided and the gaps
filled, as far as possible, with material now in storage. The study
series requires attention as well.
A tentative arrangement of the exhibition series of the collection of
animal products has also been effected. It is hoped that considerable
progress may be made during the coming year both with the exhibition
and the study series.
The collection of physical apparatus, formerly in charge of Mr. W.
C. Winlock, has been placed in the care of Mr. Watkins, but it has
not yet been possible to give the collection the attention which it
deserves.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 73
nistorical collections. — There has been a decided increase in tlie num-
ber of specimens received during- the year, as well as in their scientidc
value. The number of accessions or lots of material has not. how-
ever, been above the average, there having been 43 ''permanent'' and
19 " temporary '' accessions.
The most important additions were as follows:
A collection of the coins of the Chinese Empire from 770 B. C. to
date, comprising- L',0L*5 pieces in gold, silver, and bronze, and including
governmental and private notes, amulets, and bamboo tallies. This
collection was beipieathed to the Smithsonian Institution by Mr. G. B.
(Jlover, an American gentleman connected for many years with the
Maritime Customs Service of China. It is believed to be the most
complete series of Chinese money in the world.
A collection of bronze medals of the sovereigns of France was obtained
by purchase. The series comprises 75 pieces, all of which are in perfect
condition.
Mrs. A. B. Van Deusen deposited a collection of ceramics, consisting
of -04 plates, pitchers, etc., illustrative of American history.
A collection of relics of the Kevolutionary war was deposited by the
Society of the Daughters of the American Eevolution.
A sword presented to Gen. Gabriel R. Paul by his command was
deposited by Col. Augustus C. Paul, Soldiers' Home, Hampton,Virginia.
]\Irs. Abner Doubleday transmitted a sword worn by General Double-
day during- the war of the Revolution,
Students of history have in a number of instances received i)ermis-
sion to make jihotographs or drawings of objects on exhibition, to be
used in illustrating works intended for publication, especially in con-
nection with the biographies of General Grant and other soldiers of
the late war. The Washington relics have frequently been examined
by writers of colonial history.
Tliat ])ortion of the collection Avliich is on exhibition is in good con-
dition, and there are many objects of historic interest which could be
advantageously displayed if there were room. Much remains to be done
in arranging the study series.
Mr. A. Howard Clark, custodian, makes the following statement with
reference to the work performed in caring for the collections :
During the i>ast three uioiifhs much progress has been iiiado in catiiloguing and
]»ernianontly arranging the valuable collection of coins and medals belonging to the
Museiim. Several series have been placed on exhibitlou, aud the ditlicult problem
of installing large series of coins has been solved by the use of upright cases with
sloping diaphragms covered with olive-green velvet.
A great deal remains to be done to complete the labeling of the collection, but
the work is steadily progressing.
The series of portraits of representative men has been increased somewhat, and
the entire collection has been arranged for ready reference.
Considerable time was devoted to the preparation of a collection of
medals and coins pertaining to the colonial period of American history,
for display at the Tennessee Centennial Exposition at Nashville.
74 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
It is proposed to build up and exhibit a complete series of tlie pres-
ent coinage of all countries, and to provide labels showing the commer-
cial and intrinsic value, fineness, and comparative value with the coins
of the United States. Such a collection, it is believed, would be of great
interest to the public and to students.
A very large series of medals of various countries is now in storage
but inaccessible to the public. This will be placed upon exhibition as
soon as the necessary space is provided, as will also a series of iDortraits
of representative Americans, such as was shown by the Museum at the
World's Columbian Exposition in 1893.
The number of specimens received during the year was 3,441, and
the total number of specimens in the collection is estimated at about
35,000. There were 441 entries made in the catalogue.
Oriental antiquities and religious ceremonials. — Dr. Paul Haupt
remains in charge of the collection of oriental antiquities as honor-
ary curator, while Dr. Cyrus Adler holds the position of assistant cura-
tor in this deiiartnient and also that of custodian in the section of
religious ceremonials.
Although the number of accessions for the year was considerably
less than for the preceding year, the number of specimens included in
these accessions shows an increase of more than 100 per cent. The
material received during 1896-97 is also of greater scientific value.
From St. John's College, Shanghai, China, a collection of objects
used in Buddhist worship and illustrating the form of the ceremonial
of that religion in China was received in exchange. A small collec-
tion of Buddhist and Mohammedan objects from India was purchased,
as was also a collection of objects of Christian ceremonial. While
many of the other accessions contained material of interest and value,
these were the most important.
In the chapter entitled "Development and arrangement of the exhi-
bition series" will be found a statement relating to the present condi-
tion of the collections on exhibition and the changes recently made.
An exhibit comprising 167 objects was prepared for the Tennessee
Centennial Exposition at jSTashville.
Dr. Adler has completed a description of the exhibit of Biblical
science at the Cotton States and International Exposition at Atlanta,
embodying also the results of recent discoveries and researches in the
domain of Biblical and oriental archaiology. This paper is published
in Part II of the Report of the National Museum for 1896. A study of
ancient oriental seals is in ])rogress.
During the year a number of persons have received information or
assistance in one way or another with reference to antiquities.
Dr. Adler has prepared and published a short paper on the Cotton
Grotto, an ancient quarry in Jerusalem, and Dr. I. M. Casanowicz
published in the American Anthropologist during the year a paper
entitled "Tel-et Tin on Lake Ilomis, in the Valley of the Oroutes."
REPORT OP ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 75
It is proposed to rearrange and relabel a ])<)rtion of tlie Egyptian
collection and to reinstall the Jewish and Mohammedan collections.
The method of arranging- and exhibiting- objects of Christian cere-
monial in other museums will be studied.
About 270 labels for specimens luive been prepare<l during^ the year.
Dr. Adler states that it is desirable that opi>ortnnity and facMlities
be altbrded for the preparation of a descrij)tion of the Bengniat loan
collection of Jewish ceremonials, which is one of the most complete
and valuable collections of its kind in existence.
The total number of specimens received was 628, the number of speci-
mens now in the collection being- 3 648. There were 50 catalogue
entries made during the year.
Graphic arts. — Although Mr. S. E. Koehler, of the Boston ^Museum
of Fine Arts, is still in charge of this section, he has been able to give
but little attention to the work during- the past year. The most impor-
tant accession was a series of photographs from paintings, obtained
by purchase. The only other addition was a chromo-collo<i^raph, pre-
sented by the Heliot^'pe Printing- Company of Boston.
As previously stated, tiie collection has now reached a stage where
very few additions of value can be expected, except by purchase.
Materia medica. — Dr. James M. Flint, U. S. Navy, honorary curator,
states that the specimens in the exhibition and study series are in
remarkably good condition, considering- their ])erishable nature. For a
considerable portion of the year the exhibition series, which is installed
in the northeast ccmrt, was not accessible to the i)ublic owing to the
preparations for the Tennessee Centennial Exposition, which made it
necessary to close some of the halls temporarily. After this work had
been completed and the exhibit again rendered accessible, the speci-
mens were carefully examined and everything- put in order. Xo etfort
has been made to increase the collection, owing to lack of space for the
exhibition of any more material. Manuscript for a number of labels
has been prejiared.
As it is impossible under present conditions to do very much toward
the further development of the collection, Dr. Flint has given a large
proportion of his time to the investigation of the Foraminifera collected
by the U. S. Fish Commission. As a result of his studies he has pre-
])ared a paper entitled ''A Descriptive Catalogue of the llecent Forami-
nifera collected by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross, and
MOW on exhilntion in the National ^Museum." This paper is printed in
I'art 1 1 of the i^resent volunie. A reference was made in the last annual
report to the instrument devised by J)r. Flint for the exhibition of
Foraminifera and other microscopic specimens.
The (uirator states that the direction in whicli the collection of
materia medica can be most advantageously extended is toward a more
comi)lete exhiljit of organic chemical products, now so extensively
used in medicine.
76 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Only five sj)ecimens were added to tlie collection during the year and
none of them were of particular importance. The total number of
specimens now in the collection is 6,330.
Musical instruments. — There were three accessions of importance
during the year. Dr. W. L. Abbott i^resented 11 musical instruments,
collected during his travels in the east, and Messrs. H. A. and F. H.
Vinton, of Bedford, New York, presented a spinet supposed to have
been made about the middle of the seventeeth century. A few Chinese
musical instruments were collected for the Museum by Lieut. C. G.
Calkins, U. S. N.
FJiotograpMc collection. — Mr. T. W. Smillie was on July 15, 1896,
designated custodian of the collection illustrating the history of pho-
tography. Although the photographic exhibit is recognized for the
first time in the present Report as an established section, as long ago
as 1888 a series of specimens showing the uses of ijhotography was
prepared for the Ohio Centennial Exi^osition, held at Cincinnati. This
collection included portrait and landscape cameras of early types, a
complete daguerreotyper's outfit, and examples of cameras of various
kinds in use at the time of the Exposition. The daguerreotype, talbo-
type, albumen, collodion, and gelatine negative processes were also
illustrated. There were examples of prints made by various processes,
of transparencies, and of transferotypes on paper, canvas, and porce-
lain. Another series was intended to show the value of photography
in the study of astronomy, geology, biology, and medicine, as an aid
to the artist and engraver and to the scientist in recording the fluctu-
ations of various instruments.
Since the Exposition at Cincinnati a considerable quantity of material
has accumulated, especially during the past two or three years, and
there is every reason to believe that a valuable and interesting collection
can be built up. The design is to bring together an exhibit illustrative
of the history and uses of j)hotography, beginning with the earliest
authentic discoveries in the art and grouping them chronologically up
to the present day.
The following statement, taken from the report of Mr. Smillie, indi-
cates the scope of this collection and the plans for its further develop-
ment:
The collection includes a fine series of portrait, landscape, and marine daguerreo-
types; an original daguerreotype of Daguerre; also a panorami'c view, about 4 feet
long, of the harhor of San Francisco in 1852, showing the dismantled fleet of the
Argonauts, a remarkable piece by Shew, of California.
There are also specimens of the ambrotype, erysotype, the asphalt process, the
various silver processes, the carbon process, the aniline process, etc. In fact, the col-
lection, although small, is so rich in the earlier processes, which are passing away,
that it will be comparatively easy to fill up the blanks.
At the photographic exhibition recently held in the hall of the Cosmos Club in
Washington the Museum secured, partly by purchase and partly by donation, over
50 examples of the best work of the present day by the leading amateur and profes-
sional photographers of the United States.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 77
Comparatively little has been done to illustrate the work of the last ten years,
and an offort is now beiuy; made to complete the series, so that it will he a worthy
nprt'sentationofthc progress of the art. The acquisition of the prints from the Wash-
ington Exposition of 1S96 is a step in this direction.
An elfort will be made hereafter, especially in connection with the future exposi-
tions of amateur work, to secure such specimens as are necessary to make the collec-
tion in the National Museum a reference and record collection, which shall be not
only of interest and pleasure to the jjublic, but of jtractical value to photographers
themselves.
It is unnecessary to enlarge upon the importance which such a collection as this
must have to every i)hotographer — a collection in which he may see, side by side,
the best works produced from year to year, and stndj' the effects of light and time
upon the permanence of paper and processes.
The pictures recently bought by the Museum were chosen with the idea that they
represent as fully as possible the dift'erent schools of amateur photograj)hy in Amer-
ica at the present time and the work of as many as possible of the most character-
istic and representative artists. The fact is fully recognized that the development
of these schools is sought in amateur photography rather than among professional
})hotograi)hers, whose work is of necessity more conventional in its character and
atlbrds less opportunity for originality and progress, although the fact was recog-
nized that several ]>rofessioiial ])hotograi)hers were rei)resented in the exhibition,
and characteristic specimens of the work of each of these were also secured.
Owing to the pressure of other work, Mr. Smillie has found but little
time to devote to the development of the photograi)hic collection dur-
ing the year covered by this Report. Fort}'- seven specimens were
received, all of them being unsolicited donations. Miss L. Bernie
Gallaher presented 20 daguerreotypes, 3 ambrotyi)es, and 1 melano-
tyi)e; Miss Frances Benjamin Johnston contributed a platinum por-
trait; Mr. 0. W. Canfield a stereoscopic melanotype; Mr. J. W. Osborn
19 portraits of celebrated photographers, and Mr. Alexander Beckers
1 hand stereoscope and 1 revolving stereoscope.
The total number of specimens now in the collection is 1,284.
It has been necessary to devote some attention to the preservation
of the specimens, many of the old and valuable daguerreotypes show-
ing signs of fading from exposure to the air. These have now been
resealed.
The work of preparing specimens for exhibition has been carried on
as opportunity permitted.
IV. -REVIEW OF WORK IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE
DEPARTMENTS.
FINANCE, PROPERTY, SUPPLIES AND ACCOUNTS.
Ill Appendix VIII will be found a statement showing the amount of
tlie appropriations for the present fiscal year, the disbursements during-
the same period, and the balance available June 30, 1897, for the pur-
j)ose of meeting outstanding liabilities.
The following remarks are quoted from the report for the current fis-
cal year, submitted by Mr. J. L. Willige, acting chief clerk :
On January 27 Mr. W. V. Cox was designated by the Secretary as special repre-
sentative at Nashville of Dr. True, representative of the Institution and the Museum
on the board of management of the Government exhibit at the Tennessee Centen-
nial Exposition. It is probable that he will remain in Nashville almost continuously
until the close of the exposition.
On the 2d of February Mr. J. L. Willige was, upon the recommendation of the
acting assistant secretary, designated acting chief clerk, and on the 12th of the
mouth assumed charge of tlie office.
There has been a considerable increase in the work of the office in certain direc-
tions. In addition to the preparation of financial statements and other information
required in regular course, the following classes of routine work may be particular-
ized: More than 1,600 orders for the purchase of supplies and the performance of
services have been issued on approved requisitions (an increase of approximately
200 over the preceding year) ; nearly 1.200 inside requisitions have been registered on
account of supplies furnished from the stock in the property clerk's office, and
services performed by the regular employees of the Museum ; record has been kept
of requisitions for articles of furniture and fixtures already made and in stock ;
approximately 900 vouchers have been examined and certified to the disbursing
clerk for payment, and more than 1,500 pages of letters and memoranda have been
coiiied in the letter-jiress books.
The participation of the Institution and its dependencies in the Tennessee Cen-
tennial Exposition, which opened at Nashville on the 1st day of May and will con-
tinue until the 31st of October next, devolved a considerable amount of extra work
u^iou the office. The work has been accomplished, however, without additional
clerical service. There were issued on account of the Exposition 211 orders for the
purchase of specimens and material and for the performance of special services;
375 pages of letters were written, and 126 vouchers, aggregating in payments
$11,041.42, were prepared, in addition to statements of expenditures and liabilities,
showing the condition of the allotment from time to time.
The placing of the several dependencies of the Institution within the limitations
of the civil-service law necessitates additional records and correspondence, and 233
reports and letters written are chargeable to this account.
An elaborate statement, in tabulated form, has been prepared, showing the amounts
appropriated by Congress for the support of the bureaus under the direction of the
Institution, and the aid rendered from the .Smithsonian fund and other sources, from
the date of the Wilkee exploring expedition in 1836 down to the present year.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 79
Tlie ollices of superiuteiideut and assistant superintendent of build-
ings and labor were abolished October 19, 180(5, and the division of
buildings and superintendence created. Mr. J. E. Watkins was desig-
nated chief of the division, with instructions to report directly to the
executive curator.
The membership of standing committees at the beginning of the
present fiscal year was as follows : Ou insjiection, Mr. Lucas (chairman),
Messrs. Goldsmith and Tlawley; on condemnation, Mr. Brown (chair-
man), ]\Iessrs. Goldsmith and iStenart; ou lumber, JNIr. Horan (chairman)
and Mr. Goldsmith, with W. H. Haney as advisory member. On July 8
Mr. Tassin was designated a member of the committee on insj)ection
to replace, temporarily, Mr. Lucas, detailed for duty in Alaska. The
committee on lumber has been reduced to Messrs. Goldsmith and
W. II. Ilaney.
Special committees were appointed during the year, as follows: Pro-
fessor Mason and Messrs. Schuchert, Xewhall, Watkins and lirown,
to examine Museum material in storage at the Armory Ijuilding, with
a view to condemning any objects no longer serviceable; Messrs. Gold-
smith, ►Steuart, Schucnnann, Berry, ^NFcDevitt, and Baker, to o])en bids
for furnishing supplies during the current fiscal year and to recom-
mend awards ; Messrs. Goldsmith, Bean, Berry, Schuermann, McDevitt,
and liakcr, to open and examine proposals for furnishing su])])lies dur-
ing the coming year; Messrs. Tassin, Kichmond, and Bean, to examine,
with a view to condemnation or other disposition, certain books and
labels in the editor's office.
The various bureaus of the Smithsonian Institution having been
made subject to the civil-service law by order of the President, a clas-
sification of the employees was transmitted to the Civil Service Com-
mission on July .), 1800, together with a tabulated statement of the
number of employees in each class.
The civil-service rules require that the head of each department or
bureau of the Government shall nominate not less than three persons
who shall be members of a board of promotion, and in accordance
with this regulation the following officers were nominated as members
of the Smithsonian board : Mr. W. V. Cox, chairman. Prof. O. T. Mason,
and Dr. Frank Baker. On June 8, 1807, ^Mr. J. L. Willige, acting chief
clerk, was instructed to act as chairman of the board during the
absence of Mr. Cox on duties connected with the Tennessee Centennial
I">xi>osition. By direction of the Secretary, the chief clerk of the
Museunj will be chairman e.r o[lici<f. Ail correspondence l)etween the
Commission and the Institution relating to the Museum or to the other
Bureaus of the Institution will be conducted through the ollice of the
Secretary by the (;hief clerk of the Museum.
The Assistant Secretary of Agriculture invited the cooi)eration of the
Smithsonian Institution in establishing a uniform standard of require-
ments for scientific assistants in the several bureaus of the Government,
80 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
the object being to secure assistants witli any desirable combination of
qualifications and to simplify the operations of the civil-service law so
far as these bureaus are concerned. Assurance was given of hearty
cooperation on the part of the Institution.
Considerable attention has been devoted to systematizing the records
and files relating to civil-service matters. A card catalogue has been
started, upon which decisions of the commission are recorded; also a
catalogue embracing the names of all employees of the Smithsonian
Institution and its dependencies.
During the year there have been fifteen requests for certification of
eligible applicants for appointment, nine transfers from the Institution
to the several departments, four reinstatements, and eight emergency
appointments. Twelve monthly reports have been submitted and 163
letters written relating to civil service matters.
Upon recommendation of the chief clerk, and with the approval of
the Secretary, a law reference library has been established. It is
intended to include in this library publications relating to the origin
and establishment of the Institution and the Museum, the Eevised
Statutes of the United States, Journalsof Congress, decisions of Comp-
trollers, opinions of the Attorney-General, reports of the Civil Service
Commission, directories, and other works of reference. Through the
courtesy of the Secretary of State, a copy of the Eevised Statutes and
supplements has been received during the year. The reports of the
Civil Service Commission have been added, and a series of Congres-
sional Records and Globes — more than two hundred volumes in all —
have been transferred from the general library of the Institution. Mr.
W. W. Karr, Dr. Cyrus Adler, and Mr. W. I. Adams were designated
by the Secretary as a committee to cooperate with the chief clerk in
the selection of books for the library.
The oath of allegiance has been administered to all of the employees
of the Institution and its bureaus, as required by law.
The attention of Congress has been called to the necessity of increas-
ing the scientific staff and enlarging the force of clerical employees,
watchmen, laborers, and cleaners.
It was estimated that the sum of $8,000 would be required to make
all necessary repairs to the Museum building during the coming year,
but only half that amount has been appropriated for this purjiose.
Attention was also called to the need of additional skylights. No
appropriation has, however, been made for use in this direction.
In the sundry civil act for 1896-97 the sum of $8,000 was appro-
priated for the erection of galleries in two or more halls of the Museum
building. Steps were promptly taken toward the construction of the
galleries thus provided for, and on November 25, 1896, a committee,
composed of Mr. Cox (chairman), Mr. Watkins and Mr. Lucas, was
appointed to consider plans and recommend the award of contracts.
Later, Prof. O. T. Mason was designated to act as a member of the
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 81
committee, to serve in the place of Mr. Lucas, wlio had been assioned
to special duties iu counection with the Fur-Seal Commission. The
cbairmau was relieved ou June 5 by Mr. Willige, acting" chief clerk.
Contracts for the construction of the galleries were duly awarded and
the work has progressed satisfactorily. In the aj)i»r()priation for the
fiscal year ending June 30, 1898, an additional sum of >=8,0(H) has been
provided for the continuation of the construction of galleries, thus
allowing for their extension into the oast, west and soutli halls.
A reference was made in the last Keport to the lease of new prem-
ises for workshops and storage purposes. A formal agreement was
entered into on July 1, 189G, for the present fiscal year, with the privi-
lege of renewal for five years, if desired. Two frame buildings, each
100 feet long, 25 feet wide, and one story high, were erected by the
owner. It was hoped that it would be possible to transfer the material
in the shed adjacent to the armory buihling to the new storage quar-
ters, but this was found to be impracticable, and it was therefore
recommended that an additional building be erected between the two
existing sheds on Ninth street, and that these two sheds be extended.
Provision has been made in the appropriations for the coming year
for the removal of the sheds south of the Smithsonian buihling. They
will probably be rebuilt on the ground leased by the Museum on Ninth
street. The need for suitable fire protection for the Museum property
stored at this place is urgent.
A number of applications for the use of the lecture hall have been
granted during the year. When lectures are given at night, it is
necessary that additional watchmen, firemen, and other attendants be
provided, and if the lantern is used, a skilled operator is required.
The society or association asking the privilege of using the hall,
assumes tlie expense of such additional service. It is also reijuired
that information be given in advance as to the names of the lecturers
and the subjects of the proposed lectures. It has been found neces-
sary to refuse to permit the removal of the lantern from the Museum
building.
The rei)ort of the acting chief clerk is accomiianied by a statement
of the proceedings of Congress during the fiscal year, so far as they
concern the Smithsonian Institution and its bureaus.
The report of the pr(q)erty clerk, Mr. J. S. Goldsmith, includes a
number of detailed statements showing the work performed during
the year, the amount of supplies of various kinds purchased, and the
amount on hand June 30, 1897. More than 1,000 invoices of supplies
were examined, transferred to official forms, and certified for settle-
ment. One thousand six hundred and thirteen inside recpusitions for
general supplies, and 1,.">05 recpiisitious for stationery were filled j also
71 requisitions for cases, etc.
NAT MUS 97 ^G
82 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
CORRESPONDENCE AND REPORTS.
There has been a large increase of work in this division, which
remains uuder the charge of Mr. R. I. Geare. This is doubtless due
to the now well-established policy of the Museum with regard to sup-
plyiug technical information to all applicants. There has also been
general evidence of increased interest in the publications of the
Museum, and this has resulted in a much larger distribution of them
than in any previous year.
During the year more than 15,000 official letters aud other papers
have been prepared, and in addition nearly 30,000 volumes and pam-
phlets have been sent, free of charge, to applicants for special publica-
tions and to the libraries and individuals on the regular mailing lists.
The number of individuals making special application for some Museum
work is not less than 6,000, aud it may be added that, whenever prac-
ticable, their requests have been complied with.
The Annual Report for 1894, Volume XVIII of the Proceedings,
Bulletins 47 and 49, and Special Bulletins 2 and 3 have been distributed
to the institutions on the regular mailing lists of the Museum, as have
also the separate papers issued from time to time during the year.
In addition to the letters addressed to the Museum, there are received
from the parent Institution not less than 4,000 letters a year, asking
not only for publications, but for technical information, which can be
supplied only by reference of these letters to members of the Museum
scientific force.
The detail, in February, of Mr, J. L. Willige, of this office, to act as
chief clerk of the Museum, while undoubtedly serving the best interests
of the Museum, was a serious loss to this division, and as no substitute
has yet been appointed, his work is kept up only by the strenuous
efforts of others in the office, among whom it has been subdivided, in
addition to their regular duties. In other respects the force of the
office has remained practically the same as last year.
The manuscript and illustrations of the Report for 1895 were com-
pleted early in the fiscal year, and during the fall the proof of the
administrative portion of the Report was received aud read. In Feb-
ruary the general editorial supervision of the papers in the appendix
to the Report was j)laced in charge of the editor of the Proceedings
and Bulletins. Owing to pressure of other matters in the editor's
office, however, it became necessary to detail a clerk from this division
for several weeks, to assist in editing the papers aud in xi roof-reading.
The administrative part of the Annual Report for 1896 has been pre-
pared in this office, as well as that part of the Secretary's report to the
Board of Regents, which relates to the affairs of the National Museum.
Considerable time was spent toward the close of the fiscal year in
cataloguing, in convenient form for reference, the applications for
specimens received during the past twenty or twenty-five years from
educational institutions.
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 83
Maiinscript was prepared for a pamphlet giving a general descrip-
tion of the exhibits sent by the Museum to the Tennessee Centennial
Exposition.
A statement was prepared of the most important Government explo-
rations which resulted in tlio acquisition of natural history or ethno-
logical material by the Institution or the National Museum.
A beginning was made toward the compilation of statistics showing
the size, value of collections, etc., of the principal museums in this
country and abroad.
REGISTRATION AND DISTRIBUTION.
During the year 42,583 packages of all kinds were received. Of this
number, Gil packages contained specimens for the Museum collections,
1,288 contained supplies of various kinds for the offices and shops, and
about 28,000 consisted of publications. There was an increase of more
than 17,000 in the total number of incoming packages, about 60 per
cent of tliis increase being due to the unusually large number of publi-
cations received. The total number of boxes and packages sent out
was 3,332, of which 367 consisted of material shipped to the Tennessee
Centennial Exposition.
The eihtries on the incoming transportation record numbered 3,242,
and on the outgoing transportation record 1,613.
There M'cre 1,407 regular accessions, while 710 lots of material were
received for identification.
One hundred and ninety packages Mere placed in storage and 761
were withdrawn.
The number of specimens distributed during the year was 26,712, of
which number 3,342 consisted of material lent for study. j\Iore than
12,000 herbarium specimens were sent out in exchange, and many
sets of marine invertebrates and geological specimens were distributed
to educational institutions.
A detailed statement, arranged geographically, showing to what
institutions and individuals specimens have been sent during the year,
is i)rinted as Appendix IX. The following statement, arranged geo-
graphically, shows the number of lots of si)ecimens sent out:
United States : | United States — Continued.
Alabama 1 I Kentucky 1
Arizona 1 Maine 1
Califi)rnia II Maryland 4
Colorado 2 Massachusetts 31
Connecticut ti ]\Iicliigan 2
Delaware 3 Minnesota 1
District of Coluniliia 15 Missouri 8
Florida 2 Nebraska 3
Geor<;ia 2, New Jersey 6
Illinois 12 New York 33
Indiana 5 North Carolina 1
Iowa 11 Ohio 3
84
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
United States — Continued.
Oregon 1
Pennsylvania 24
Sonth Carolina 1
South Dakota 1
Tennessee 1
Utah 4
Vermont 2
Virginia 3
Wisconsin 2
Wyoming 3
Foreign countries :
Africa 1
A ustralia 3
Austria 3
Bermuda 1
Bnizil .- 1
The various departments of the
as gifts or iu exchauge as follows:
Mammals 38
Birds 449
Reptiles 3
Fishes 110
Mollusks 227
Insects 1,642
Mnrine invertebrates 3, 754
Fossils 1, 602
Plants 12,449
Foreign countries — Continued.
Canada 8
China 1
Costa Rica 1
Denmark 1
England 11
France 4
Germany 7
Italy
Mexico
Russia
Scotland
Spain
Switzerland.
Turkey
Total 264
Museum have distributed material
Minerals
Geology
Ethnology
Prehistoric anthropology
Technology
Musical instruments
177
430
103
377
1
Total 23,370
BUILDINGS AND SUPERINTENDENCE.
Mr. Henry Horan, who had been connected with the Smithsonian
Institution and the National Museum for many years, and who since
1880 had held the position of superintendent of buildings, died on
September 29, 1896. On October 20 a new division was organized —
that of buildings and superintendence — with Mr. J. Elfreth Watkins as
chief. The following subdivisions are included: Oases and fixtures,
J. S. Goldsmith, i^roperty clerk, in charge; buildings, watch-service,
mechanics and labor, 0. A. Steuart, general foreman; heating, lighting,
and electrical service, J. H. Parkhurst, engineer.
Much-needed repairs and improvements have been made on both the
Smithsonian and the Museum buildings, although on account of lack of
funds it was necessary to restrict operations in this respect to such
changes as were absolutely essential.
During the winter and spring the attention of the office was taken
up to a considerable extent with matters connected with the erection
of galleries in the Museum building. The contract for the ironwork
was awarded February 24, at a cost of $3,200, the work to be completed
in sixty days. The contract for the stairs and balustrades was awarded
on May 13, at a cost of $1,780, and that for the fireproof arching and
floors on June 29, at a cost of $2,214,
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 85
On December 10, 189(), it was possible, for the first time in the
liistory of the Museum, to open all the courts of the builtliuii' to the
public.
The watchmen have been trained in the use of the fire extinguishers,
and regular fire drills were held. One of the watchmen rendered efti-
cient assistance at a fire in the storage rooms on Ninth street, and as
a result much valuable property was saved. Tlie watchmen were also
trained in the use of the telephone exchange board. There were more
than l'S,0(>0 telephone calls during the year.
The Smithsonian and Museum buildings were illuminated on the
evening of March 4, the date of the inauguration of President
Mc Kin ley.
Tln-ee hundred and ninety requisitions relating to repairs to build-
ings have been attended to by the general foreman; 274 for making
and repairing cases have been looked after by the property clerk, aud
54 have been attended to by the engineer.
The rei)ort submitted by the chief of the division includes detailed
statements showing the number of requisitions received from each of
the departments of tlse Museum, the amount of fuel, gas, and ice con-
sumed, the temperature iu the halls of the Museum during each day
of the winter months, the supplies purchased for the use of the divi-
sion, and an itemized list of the requisitions completed. The last-
mentioned statement shows that 41 cases were constructed, 2G altered
or remodeled, 38 repaired, 01 painted, and 49 glazed. There were 072
unit drawers made and 1,043 repaired or fitted to cases.
WORK OF THE MUSEUM PREPARATORS.
TAXIDEKMISTS.
Mr. William Palmer, chief taxidermist, reports that 65 mammals
were i-eceived and skinned during the year. About one- half of these
came from the National Zoological Park, as shown in the following table :
Mammals received in the flesh.
From the
Zoological
Park.
6
21
1
From
other
sources.
Garni vora
3
T'ngnlata
f 'liiroptera
7
Itodrntia
3
21
Insectivora
1
Marsupialia , _
1
Total
32
33
The bodies of many of these specimens were sent to the Bureau of
Animal Industry, Department of Agriculture.
Twenty-five specimens of mammals, birds, aud reptiles, in addition
86 EEPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
to the above, were immediately turned over to other departments of
the Museum.
A number of skins were received to be remade, as follows :
Skins received.
Primates 4
Carnivora. 14
Uugulata 8
Chiroptera 3
Rodentia 30
Insectivora 2
Total 61
There were thirty-one skins received for jioisoning, cleaning, or
drying.
The following table shows the number of dry skins made up :
Skitts made up for the study series.
Rodeutia 53
Marsupialia 1
Primates 19
Carnivora 52
Ungnlata 28
Chiroptera 71 Total 161
Insectivora 1 !
In addition, twenty-nine skins were reshaped and dried, and two
heads of deer were poisoned.
Twenty-six skins were returned to the Department of Agriculture
during the year.
The number of sijecimens mounted is as follows :
Mammals mounted.
Primates 4
Carnivora 6
Ungnlata 1
Rodentia 15
Chiroptera 4
Insectivora 2
Total 32
About three months were spent on work for the Tennessee Cen-
tennial Exposition. For this purpose four specimens of lemurs were
mounted and eighteen other specimens cleaned and i^acked; a cast of
a large Galapagos tortoise was made and painted ; three casts of ceta-
ceans were made; a cast of the head of a large turtle was cleaned and
placed on a new shield; a model of the National Zoological Park was
finished and packed; a groui) of monkeys and another of gibbons was
renovated and put into condition for exhibition, and models of a giant
squid and an octopus received similar attention. Mr. Palmer devoted
three weeks' time to the work of setting up this and other exhibits at
the Exposition.
About 200 pair of elk, caribou, and moose antlers, which have been
accumulating in the Museum for mauj^ years, were turned over to the
taxidermist for attention. It was decided to select a series to mount
ut)on shields for decorating the piers of the mammal hall. Those hav-
ing skulls were cleaned and bleached. The bases of the others were
built up and covered with brown velvet. Twenty-seven sets were thus
prepared and hung on piers.
Other work has been attended to as follows : Four mounted heads of
REPORT OF ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY.
87
Sirenia 1
Marsupialia 14
Total 312
American bison were repaired, poisoned, placed on new shields, and
installed in the department of mammals; six monnted heads of mam-
mals were overhauled and boxed for shipment; a number of casts of
an Assyrian cylinder seal were made; several mounted heads on the
south wall of the exhibition hall devoted to the department of mammals
were taken down, cleaned, and rehung.
The following statement shows the number of skins on hand June
30, 1897:
Primates 7
Carnivora 149
Uugtilata 104
Chiioptera 5
Rodeutia 32
In the department of birds the work of the preceding years — that of
renovating the entire series of mounted birds — was continued. A
number of specimens received in the tlesh were cleaned and prepared,
other skins were poisoned, and a few improperly made specimens were
remade. A limited number of mounted specimens were transferred to
modern stands and a few mounted specimens were made up for the
study series. The Museum specimen of the extinct Philips Island
parrot was remounted. A series of 49 specimens of birds from British
Guiana and about 35 parrots were mounted for the Tennessee Centen-
nial Exposition. A group of 3 Argus pheasants was mounted and
nearly completed.
OSTEOLOGISTS.
Considerable time has been spent in cleaning fishes and the contents
of the stomachs of seals, the synoptic series has received attention, and
a number of casts of brains have been made. Many vertebrate fossils
have been mounted and repaired. Material was prepared, mounted,
and boxed for the Tennessee Centennial Exposition.
The work of laying a new floor in the exhibition ball of the depart-
ment of comparative anatomy necessitated a largo amount of extra labor
in removing the specimens, placing some of the material in storage, and
finally in cleaning and preparing the specimens for exhibition after the
work on the floor had been finished.
A summary of the osteological work during the year is i)resented in
the following statement:
Skeletons received in tlie tlesb .
Skeletons cleaned
Parts of skeletons cleaned
Sknlls cleaned
Specimens mounted
Total
Mam-
mals.
3
1
53
883
940
Birds. Reptiles.
Crusta-
ceans.
Total.
982
Of the skulls cleaned, more than 500 were for the Department of
Agriculture.
88 KEPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
PHOTOGKAPHER.
Mr. T. W. Smillie reports that the following work lias been accom-
plished in the photographic laboratory: Seven hundred and thirty-
tliree negatives have been made; also 1,318 platinum prints, 50 silver
prints, 1,100 cyanotypes, 6 bromide enlargements, and 41 lantern slides.
The free public lectures in the Museum have, as usual, been illus-
trated under the direction of the photographer, and Mr. SmilUe has
served as chairman of the Board on Photography of the United States
Civil Service Commission.
COLORIST.
The work of Mr. A. Zeno Shindler on the series of paintings repre-
senting the races of man has been continued. Five paintings were
completed during the year and two more are nearly finished. Fifty-
nine paintings belonging to the Catlin collection were cleaned or
restored. This work requires a great deal of time and much care. The
hands, heads, and feet of several lay figures were i)ainted, also a num-
ber of casts of fishes and reptiles.
APPENDIX I.
The Scientific and Administrative Staff.
[Corrected to Juno 30, 1897.]
S. P. Langley, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, Kceyier, Ex-Officio.
(i. Brown Goode,' Assistant Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, in charge of
the U. S. National Museum.
Frederick W. True, Executive Curator.
SCIENTIFIC STAFF.
Arts and IxnrsTRiEs:
Historical CoUections : A. Howard Clark, Custodian.
J!eIi{iioiis Ceremonial Objects: Cyrus Adler, Custodian.
Technological Collections : J. E. Watkins, Curator.
Electrical Collections, George C. Maynard, Custodian,
Graphic Arts : S. K. Koehler, Curator.
Materia Medica : J. M. Flint, United States Navy, Honorary Curator.
Forestry: B. E. Feruow, Honorary Curator.
Physical Apparatus : W. C. Winlock, Honorary Curator (died Sejitember 20, 1896).
rhotofjraphic Collections : T. W. Sniillie, Custodian.
Ethnology: O. T. Mason, Curator; Walter Hoiigh, Assistant Curator.
Jhorifiinal Pottery : William H. Holmes, Honorary Curator.
Pueblo Collections : F. H. Cushing, Custodian.
Oriental Antiquities: Paul Haupt, Honorary Curator; Cyrus Adler, Honorary
Assistant Curator; I. M. Casauowicz, Aid.
Prehistoric Anthropology: Thomas Wilson, Curator.
Mammals: Frederick W. True, Curator.
Birds: Robert Eidgway, Curator; C. W. Richmond, Assistant Curator.
Birds' Eggs: Charles Bendire, Honorary Curator (died February 4, 1897).
Reptiles and Batrachians: Leonhard Stejneger, Curator.
Fishes: Tarleton H. Bean, Honorary Curator; Barton A. Bean, Assistant Curator.
Mollusks: William H. Dall, Honorary Curator; C. T. Simpson, Aid; W.B.Marshall,
Aid.
Insects: I^. O. Howard, Honorary Curator; W. H. Ashmead, Custodian of the Col-
lection of Hymenoptera; D. W. Cot(uillett, Custodian of the Collection of Dip-
tera; 0. F. Coolc, Custodian of the Collection of Myriapoda; E. A. Schwarz,
Custodian of the Collection of Coleopterous Larva' ; Martin L. Linell, Aid
(died May 3, 1897).
Marine Invertebrates: Richard Rathbun, Honorary Curator; .J. E. Benedict and
Miss M. .1. Rathbun, Assistant Curators.
Jlelmiiitholof/ical CoUections: C. W. Stiles, Custodian.
Comparative Anatomy: Frederic A. Lucas, Curator; Frank Baker, Associate
Curator (Honorary).
Plants (National Herbarium): F. V. Coville, Honorary Curator; .1. N. Rose, C.
L. Pollard, and O. F. Cook, Assistant Curators; Miss Carrie Harrison, Aid.
'Dr. G. Brown Goode died September 6, 1896, and on January 27, 1897, Mr. C.I).
Walcott was appointed Acting Assistant Secretary.
89
90 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Paleontology: C. D. Walcott, Honorary Curator; Charles Schuchert, Assistant
Curator.
Vertebrate Fossils: O.C. Marsh, Honorary Curator; F. A. Lucas, Acting Assist-
ant Curator.
Invertebrate Fossils:
Paleozoic : Charles Schuchert, Custodian.
Mesozoic : T. W. Stanton, Custodian.
Cenozoic : W. H. Dall, Associate Curator (Honorary).
Fossil Plants: Lester F.Ward, Associate Curator (Honorary) ; F. H. Knowlton,
Custodian of Mesozoic Plants; David White, Custodian of Paleozoic Plants.
Minerals : F. W. Clarke, Honorary Curator; Wirt Tassin, Assistant Curator.
Collection of Gems and Precious Stones : Rev. Dr. L. T. Chamberlain, Custodian.
Geology: George P. Merrill, Curator; W. H. Newhall, Aid.
Library: Cyrus Adler, Librarian (Honorary); Newton P. Scudder, Assistant
Librarian.
Associates.
(Honorary.)
Theodore Gill, Associate in Zoology.
R. E. C. Stearns, Associate in Zoology.
R. W. Shufeldt, Associate in Comparative Anatomy.
C. A. White, Associate in Paleontology.
C. Hart Merriam, Associate in Zoology.
ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF.
Chief Clerk : W. V. Cos.
Chiefs of Division:
Correspondence and Reports : R. I. Geare.
Registration and Storage: S. C. Brown.
Editor of Proceedings and Bulletins: Marcus Benjamin.
Disbursing Clerk : W. W. Karr.
Property Clerk : J. S. Goldsmith.
Photographer : T. W. Smillie.
Buildings and Superintendence: J. E. Watkins.
Preparators.
Joseph Palmer, Chief Modeler.
W^illiam Palmer, Chief Taxidermist.
A. Z. Shindler, Preparator.
J. W. Scollick, Osteologist.
Henry Marshall, Taxidermist.
N. R. Wood, Preparator.
A. H. Forney, Taxidermist.
APPENDIX II.
List of Accessions during the Year ending June 30, 1897.
[All accessions marked with an
'N" iudicato material obtained iiriiiiarily I'or ixliibition at the Nash-
ville Exposition.]
Abbott, Dr. William L., Philadelphia,
Pennsylvauia: Two vory large and
vahiahle collections of iiatmal-history
specimens from Trong, Lower Siam,
consisting of mammal skins, birds'
skins, birds' eggs and nests, reptiles,
.skeletonsof reptiles, fresh-water shells,
marine invertebrates, insects represent-
ing all orders, ethnological objects, and
musical instruments. (31341, 31941.)
Abel, J. C, Lancaster, Pennsylvania:
Stone implements and archa-ological
objects collected near Lancaster.
(30983, 31236, 31656, 31858, 31957, 32023,
32081.)
AcKEK, Dr. C. S., Arkansas City, Kansas:
Photograph of a clay urn taken from a
mound near Arkansas City. 31600.
Adams, F. D., McGill University, Mon-
treal, Canada: Geological material
(30955) ; nepheline syenite and sodalite
from Canada (31880). Exchange.
d'Adeluxc, Dr. N. (See under Geneva,
Switzerland: Musce d'Histoiro Natu-
relle.)
Adler, Dr. Cyrus, Smithsonian Institu-
tion: Set of 11 Turkish weights ob-
tained in Constantinople (30910); 10
campaign letters of 1896 (32077).
Agkiculti RE, Department of, Hon. J.
Sterling Morton, Secretary: Type
specimen of Eugnorinta occidentaUs
Cofiuillett, collected by Prof. T. D.
A. Cockerell, Las Cruces, New Mexico
(31144); 160 specimens of Acridiidiu
and a few other insects, collected in
Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico,
by Mr. C. H. Tyler Townsend (31244) ;
15 8i)ecimens of miscellaneous insects,
collected by F. F. Crevecojur, Onaga,
Kansas (31389); 85 species of miscel-
laneous insects, collected by Mr.
Crevecuiur • (31738) ; about 600 exam-
Agriculture, Department ok — Cont'd,
pies of Homoptera, Micro-hymenop-
tera, and Coccinellida', collected by
A. Koebele in China, .Japan, and
Australia (31926); small collection
of fishes made by Messrs. Nelson
and Goldman in Mexico, consist-
ing of 8 species, including a new
cyjirinodont, and 23 very fine speci-
mens of Aiiableps doici (31947);
branch of Yucca, dried fruit of
Yucca, and boiled Salvia seed (32073) ;
2 species of Bulimuhts from Mexico
(32088); land and fresh- water shells
from Mexico and Alaska (32181);
specimens of Jlylurgops nUjripennis
Mann; Amaraerratlca>iinTn\; Ifoma-
lomyia canicidaris Meigen, from Ka-
diak Island, Alaska, and a sjiecimen
of rhysoiiofa limoniata Boh., from
near San Sebastian, Mexico (32196).
Material deposited in the Xational Jlerba-
riitm : 163 jilauts from Oregon, col-
lected by .1. 13. Leibeig (30836); 257
dried plants, received from Aven Nel-
son, Laramie, Wyoming (30837) ; 7
herbarium specimens (30840); her-
barium specimen, received from Mrs.
W. W. Thompson, Smithville, Geor-
gia (30841) ; herbarium specimen and
tubers, sent by A. J. Tisdall, lioU
Ranch, New Mexico (30842) ; 3 plants
from California, sent by Dr. A. David-
son, Los Angeles (30843) ; 200 plants,
collected by J. B. Leiberg in Oregon
(30988) ; 625 dried plants from Mex-
ico, collected by Edward Palmer
(31229) ; 30 specimens of Junci, col-
lected by P. A. Rydberg, Columbia
College, New York (31370) ; 15 speci-
mens of dried plants, collected by
N. L. Gardner, Coupeville, Washing-
ton (31417) ; 904 specimens of dried
91
92
REPORT OP NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Agriculture, Department of — Cont'd,
plants, collected by J. B. Leiberg in
Oregon (31460); plant sent by J. A.
Flath,Gleubeulah, Wisconsin (31485) ;
specimen of J uncus pohjcephalus, from
Dr. Charles Mohr, Mobile, Alabama
(31531) ; specimen ofPicearM&j-a, from
Eoau Mountain, North Carolina
(31533) ; 109 plants, collected by C. H.
Tyler Townseud, Las Cruces, New
Mexico (31553) ; 3 plants from the
District of Columbia, collected by
F. L. J. Boetcber (31626); 6 speci-
mens of dried plants, sent by J. W.
Tomey (31679) ; 37 plants from Ore-
gon, collected by J. B. Leiberg
(31681) ; specimen of Junciis differsis-
simns, sent by C. Mohr, Mobile, Ala-
bama (31695) ; specimen of Peperomia
(31746) ; 31 herbarium specimens,
sent by Robert M. Horner (31811);
plants from Leland Stanford Junior
University, California, collected by
W. R. Dudley (31853) ; plant from
Texas, sent by George Stotley (32127) ;
specimen oi Jun'tperus sabinoidcs, col-
lected iu Texas by H.T. Fuchs (32135) ;
specimen of Pinus divavicata, col-
lected in New York by Prof. G. K.
Gilbert (32192).
Aiken, C. E., Colorado Spring8,Colorado :
Aiken's Screech Owl, Megascops asio
ailcoii. Purchase, 31946.
Albany Museum. (See under Grahams-
town, South Africa.)
Aldrich, Hon. T. H,, House of Represent-
atives; Rock phosphate; weathered
phosphatic shale, showing zonal struc-
ture. Transmitted by the U. S, Geolog-
ical Survey. 31659.
Aldrich, Charles. (See under D. T.
Stanley.)
Allen, Charles A., San Geronimo, Cali-
fornia: Three nests of Hiitton's Vireo
and a snake from California (31058) ;
mammal skins and skulls, comprising
2 specimens of Microtua, 2 of Sorex, 2 of
PeromyscHs, and 1 of Mus musculus
(31879).
Allen, Dr. H. N. (See under W. W.
Eockhill.)
Amateis, L. (See under L. Menchini.)
American Arcileological and Asi-
atic Association, transmitted by
Gen. G. W. Bailey^ Nevada, Iowa : Clay
American Arch^ological and Asi-
atic Association— Continued,
vessel with an ornament representing
a human head ou the rim, found in a
mound iu Marshall County. 31632.
American Electrical Works, Provi-
dence, Rhode Island : One specimen of
lead-covered telephone cable, composed
of 240 wires. 31548.
Amherst College Observatory, Am-
herst, Massachusetts, transmitted by
Prof. David P. Todd : Two frames con-
taining photographs illustrating the
work of the Amherst Eclipse Exjiedi-
tion to .Tapan during the summer of
1896. 31985.
Anderson, R. M,, Forest City, Iowa:
Specimen of Krider's Hawk, 30869.
Andrews, Dr. E. A., Johns Hopkins Uni-
versity, Baltimore, Maryland: Crabs
from Green Turtle Cay, Bahamas, rep-
resenting 17 species. 32133.
Andrews, J. O., Gainesville, Florida:
Piece of a branch, with thorns and
leaves of a tree, and fruit of the same.
31099.
Andrus, F. H., Elkton, Oregon: Land
and fresh-water shells representing 10
species (30930) ; specimens of Pupa
(31328); land-shells (31596).
Anthony, A. W., San Diego, California:
Fishes, land-shells, crustaceans, rep-
tiles, bird.s' eggs and a nest (all new to
the collection and to science), and deer
antlers from Lower California (pur-
chase) (31199) ; birds' eggs from the
same locality (purchase) (31382); 22
birds' skins, representing 4 species
from islands oft" the coast of Lower
California (exchange) (31324) ; 8 birds'
skins from the same locality (gift)
(31325) ; 80 plants (purchase) (31.535) ;
type specimens of 3 species of birds
from Lower California (deposit)
(31667).
Anthony, H. R., Reading, Pennsylvania :
Call-bell in use at the Marshall House,
Alexandria, Virginia, in 1861, Avhen
Colonel Ellsworth was shot. Deposit.
32114.1
Applegate, E. I,, Klamath Falls, Oregon :
Eight specimens of dried plants (gift)
(31331); 92 plants (purchase) (31345);
52 specimens of Phanerogams (gift)
(31654) ; specimen of Orthocafpus (gift)
1 Received in a previous fiscal year.
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
93
Applegate, E. I. — Contiuued.
(31972); plant (gift) (31997); 40 speci-
mens of drit'd plants from the vicinity
of Crater Lake, Oregon (gift) (:U9P9).
Apri.ETON. .1. M., Dayton, Ohio: Portrait
study. 31007.
Akxheim, .1. S.. San Francisco, California:
Shells from Aarioua localities (32104);
land, fresh-water, and marine shells
from the western coast of North Amer-
ica and other localities, representing 23
species (31197) ; 2 land crabs from Clip-
perton Island (31674); land, fresh -wa-
ter, and marine shells from various lo-
calities, repre8enting30 species (31884);
shells from Est^nimalt Dry Dock, Vic-
toria, Vancouver Ishmd (32248).
ASHMEAD, W. H. (See under W.Hague
Harrington.)
AsmiUN, Rev. E.H., Albuquerque, New
Mexico : Collection of land and fresh-
water shells from New Mexico, Arizona,
and Nebraska. (30888, 31179, 31279.)
Attwatkr, H. p., San Antonio, Texas:
Forty-three birds' eggs, representing
8 species, 2 hirds' nests (gift) (31077);
11 birds' skins from Texas (purchase)
(31114); 2 specimens of TradescanUa
(gift) (31890).
Austin, Mrs. R. M., Quincy, California:
Six hundred specimens of dried plants.
Purchase. 31994.
Af.sTUAi.iAX MusEfM. (See under Syd-
ney, New South ^^'a]es :)
AvoxDALE Marble Company, Avon-
dale, Pennsylvania: Specimen of mar-
ble. 31587.
Ayers, George, Alexandria, Virginia,
transmitted by Jlr. Entwistle: Speci-
mens of Brunnich's Mnrre, Fria lomvla,
in the flesh, from the Potomac River.
31461.
Bailey, Geo. G. W. (See under Ameri-
can Archa-ological and Asiatic Associa-
tion.)
Baker, C.\RL F., Fort Collins, Colorado:
• Eight specimens of Colorado I'lnbel-
lifera-. 31723.
Baker, Dr. Fred., San Diego, California :
Marine shells from San Diego Bay.
31644.
Baker, Frank C. (See under Chicago
Academy of Sciences.)
Baker, Marcts. (See under Smithso-
nian Institution, Bureau qf Ethnol-
ogy.)
Baker, R. T., Sydney, New South Wales:
Specimens of dried plants (gift)
(31101); (exchange) (31163; 31212),
Baker University, Baldwin, Kansas,
transmitted by C. S. Parmenter: Thir-
ty-two specimens of insects. 31.51.^.
Banxer.W. H.,York, Pennsylvania : Two
historical war pictures. Purchase.
32161.
Barhour, Prof. E. H. (See under
Nebraska, University of).
Barcelona, Spain : Royal Academy of
Science and Arts, transmitted by
Senor Arturo Bofill, secretarj-: Ten
specimens of Mesozoic fossils, minerals,
and shells. Exchange. 31226.
Barlow, Chester, Santa Clara, Califor-
nia: Nest and 4 eggs of White-tailed
Kite, Elaiius leiicurus. 30858.
Barnes, A. J., Dunediu, Florida : Marine
shells from Florida representing 3 spe-
cies. 31974.
Barrett-Hamilton, G. E. H., Kil-
mannock. New Ross, Leiuster, Ireland:
Insects from the Pribilof Islands.
31335.
Bartlett, Mrs. N. Gray, Chicago, Illi-
nois: Photograph — "A Reverie."
31006.
Bartsch, Pat:l, U. S. National Museum:
Four specimens of FioZa (gift) (31708);
4 plants (gift) (31790); specimen of
Ljicosa nidifex Marx, with nest (gift)
(31906); 2 salamanders from the Dis-
trict of Columbia (collected for the Na-
tional Museum) (32152); 2snake8anda
frog (collected for theNational Museum)
(322,52) ; crabs from Smiths Island, Vir-
ginia, representing 2 species (collected
for the National Mnseum)(32269) ; leech
from Virginia (collected for the Na-
tional Museum) (32286).
Bascom, Dr. Florence. (See under Bryn
Mawr College.)
Batalin, Alkx., St. Petersburg, Russia:
696 specimens of dried plants irom
Brazil and other localities. Excliange.
31126.
Bates, J. M., Long Pine, Nebraska : Two
specimens of fungi. 31419.
Beadle, C. H. (See under Biltuuire I fer-
barium.)
Bean, Dr. T. II., Battery Park Aquarium,
New York City: Alcoholic beetles, col-
lected by William .1 .Fisher on the island
of Kadiak, Alaska. 30931.
94
REPORT OP NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Beck, R.H.,Berryessa, California; Twen-
ty-three birds' skins. 31476.
Bkckers, Alex., Hoboken, New Jersey:
An adjustable Becker's stereoscope.
32191.
Beckett, W. H., Woodbury, New Jersey :
Arrow and spear heads, a grooved ax,
and fragments of pottery. 31992.
Beck^vith, Paul,U. S. National Museum:
Ten-cent fractional currency of the
issue of 1874 (32195) ; ten-barreled re-
volver, used during the war of the
rebellion (32261).
Beechek, Dr. C. E., Yale Museum, New
Haven, Connecticut: Six fine sjieci-
mens of Echhiocaris costalis Beecher; 2
specimens of Trojndocaris iicarinata
Beecher, 16 specimens of N^ucitla cor-
buliformis, and 3 specimens of Lingula
(31455); 2 models of Triarthrus iecld,
showing the limbs (31570) ; model of a
Trilobite, with appendages (31616).
Bendire, Maj. Charles, U. S. A. (See
under George Griffin, A. Hewitt, Dr.
J. C. Merrill, R. S. Williams.)
Benedict, J. E., U. S. National Museum:
Specimen of Scalops aquaticus from
Woodside, Maryland (gift) (30846);
Chimney Swift, Chcvtura pelagica, in
the flesh (gift) (31147) ; 4 salamanders
from Nashville, Tennessee (collected
for the National Museum) (32158).
(See under J. D. Mitchell.)
Benedict, J. E. jr., Woodside, Maryland:
Devonian specimen of Stropheodonta,
Exchange. 31676.
Bennei'.s, G. B., Philadelphia, Pennsyl-
vania: Four sets of birds' eggs and 2
nests from Comal (Jounty, Texas. Ex-
change. 31283.
Benson, H. AV., Kelseyville, California:
Concretions from Lake County, Cali-
fornia. 31551.
Benton, Frank, Department of Agricul-
ture: Young pea-fowl, in the flesh.
31340.
Berckman, p. J., Augusta, Georgia: One
hundred bulbs of HymenocaUis. Pur-
chase. 31135.
Berlin, Germany:
Botanical Museum: 476 plants from
Argentine Republic and 517 plants
principally from Brazil (exchange)
(31707) ; three fragments of Angelica
viexicana (31751).
Berlin, Germany — Continued.
Royal Museum of Natural History,
transmitted by Prof. O. F. Cook:
Myriopods belonging to the Family
Craspedosomatidaj. 31339.
Royal Zoological Museum: Crabs,
representing32 species (31481) ; trans-
mitted by Dr. Paul Matschie ; speci-
men of Monophiillns redmanni.
(31607.) (Exchange.)
Bernard, Dr. F., Paris, France: Type
specimens of Condiflocardia and Hoch-
stetteria from southern seas. 31337.
Bethel, E., Denver, Colorado: Nine her-
barium specimens. 31106.
Bettesworth, G. W., Omaha, Nebraska:
Four photographic views, a publica-
tion entitled "An Omaha Idea," and *S
fragments of pottery (31988); photo-
graph of a stone ax and fragments of
pottery found in the ash strata near
Omaha (32065).
Beyer, Dr. G. E., Tulane University, New
Orleans, Louisiana: Plaster cast of a
fragment of jiottery representing an
animal's head (31608) ; plaster casts of
a human skull and of pieces of pottery
(32101^; plaster castofahematite plum-
met (32282).
BiBBiNS, Arthur, The Woman's College,
Baltimore, Maryland : Specimen of wa-
vellite from Mount Holly Springs,
Pennsylvania. 31663.
Biedekman, C. R., Gold Hill, Oregon:
Slung shot found in Placer Mine, near
Rogue River; collection of double-ter-
minated crystals from Sierra Blanca,
New Mexico, and petrified wood from
near Gold Hill. 32149. (See under
Prof.J.W.Meritt.)
Bierstadt, E., New York City: Two
frames containing pictures of rugs,
illustrating the jirogress of color print-
ing from gelatine plates. 31090.
Biltmore Herbarium, Biltmore, North
Carolina, transmitted by C. D. Beadle,
Curator: Five hundred jdants (ex-
change) (31818) ; 3 specimens of Tril-
liiim (gift) (32238).
BiscOE, H. L., New York City: Collec-
tion of badges worn at the Sixth Re-
union of the Ex-Confederate Veterans,
Richmond, Virginia. 30928.
Black, William, Dale, Idaho, transmit-
ted by R. L. Packard: Leaf-shaped
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
95
Black, William — Contimied.
chipped implement from Wasliinfjtou
Couuty. 31017.
Hi.AiR, Ukrhkkt B., U. S. Geological Sur-
vey : Tooth of ^fasto(1on obscuriis
;n()it).
Blaih, K. a., Sediilia, Missouri:
Specimeu of Devonian limestone.
31736.
Blaxkinship, J. W., Cambridge, Massa-
chnsetts: Twenty botanical specimens
from California. 31873.
Blatchlky, W. S., State Geologist of In-
diana, transmitted by the Bureau of
Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution :
Small piece of stalagmite from Wyan-
dotte Cave, Indiana. 31641.
Bluxck, a. E., Johnstown, New York :
Bantam game-cock and a brown Leg-
horn hen. 31584.
BOARDMAX, G. A., Calais, Maine: Five
eggs of Passenger Pigeon, h'vtopisten
mhjratoriits. 31261.
BOETTCiiER,F. L. J.,Washington,District
of Columbia: One hundred and one
dried jilants from northwestern Ger-
many. Exchange. 31105. (See under
Agriculture, Department of.)
Boi ill, Senor Arturo. (See under Bar-
celona, Spain: Koyal Academy of Sci-
ence and Arts.)
BoGAX, R., New South Wales, Australia:
Specimeu of Rhagodia parahullca R. Br.
31434.
Bolles, Mrs. C. C, Washington, District
of Columbia: Golden mat from Poly-
nesia. Purchase. 30866.
BoLTox, Prof. IT. Carrington, Washing-
ton, District of Columbia: Violin and
case from Paris. 31631.
BoscoE, J.F., Hembrie, Texas : Twenty-
one plants. 31346.
Botanic Gardens. (See under Calcut-
ta, India.)
Botanical Museum. (See under Berlin,
Germany.)
Boucard, a.. Oak Ilill, Spring Vale, Isle
of Wight, England: Specimen of the
rare Leipoa ocellata from Australia
(31555) ; photograph of Mr. Boucard
(31634).
BouRKE, Mrs. J. G., Omaha, Nebraska:
One hundred and two stereoscopic
photographs of Indians and scenery,
and 7 photographs of Indians. 31963.
BouviER, Prof. E. L. (See under Paris,
France: Museum of Natural History.)
Bowman, D. A., Bakersville. North Caro-
lina: Minerals. 31 187.
Boyd, C. R.,Wytheville, Virginia : Speci-
men of sjtinel. Purchase. 31586.
Boyle. Dr. C. B., Hot Springs, South Da-
kota : Asltestos from Lawrence Countj^,
South Dakota. 31017.
Brandt, Dr. K. (See under Kiel, Ger-
many: Zoological Institute.)
Branicki Museum. (See under Varsovie,
Russia.)
Braverman, M., Visalia, California:
Specimens of magnesite from Tulare
County, California. 32212.
PiitEXiXGER, G. F., Enterprise, California:
Titmouse. 31463.
P.RENSiXG, Hermann, San Antonio, Tex-
as: Specimeu of Twig-girdler Beetle,
Oncideres te.vaiia Horn. 32129.
Breton, Miss Adela, Camden Crescent,
Bath, Enghuid: Three chipjied stone
implements from Zacatecas and San
Juan del Teul, Mexico, 31945.
Brewer, W. H New Haven, Connecti-
cut: Plants from California. 30877.
Brewster, William, Cambridge, Massa-
chusetts: Specimen of Cairnes's War-
bler, Dendroica carulescens cairnsi, from
Virginia. 31603.
Brick, Dr. C, Hamburg, Germany : Three
hundred and seventy-one dried plants
from Australia, Africa, and Europe. Ex-
change. 31117.
Briggs, A. A., Clear Lake, Wisconsin:
Plants. (30975, 31039, 81100, 31141,
31332.)
Brimley, C. S., Raleigh, North Carolina:
Specimens ofXeonympha eurytris Fabr.,
Nconympha (jemma Hbu., and Neo -
nijmpha sosybius Fabr. (3 0964); 9
butterflies belonging to the family
Hesperidit' (31000).
Brimley, H. H. &, C. S., Raleigh, North
Carolina: Snakes from Florida and
North Carolina. (31924,31546.31728).
Purchase.
British Museum. (See under London,
England.)
Britton, Dr. N. L., Columbia University,
New York: Hpcciman of Chriisojyleniiim
alternifoUitm. 31709.
Britts, Dr. J. H., Clinton, Missouri:
Seven specimens of Fromacrus nasutus
96
EEPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Britts, Dr. J. H. — Continued.
Meek, (gift) (31380) ; type specimens of
fossil plants (exchange) (31528).
Broders, a. C, GarSeld, Virginia: Rnde
notched implement from Fairfax
County. 31045.
Brodie, James, Biloxi, Mississippi: Two
fragments of pottery and a copper
sinker found on Big Ridge, near Biloxi,
and a sjiecimen of Granatocrinns, a
blastoid from the Lower Carboniferous,
10 miles north of Huutsville, Alabama.
32219.
Brodnax, B. H., Brodnax, Louisiana:
AVood covered with fungus. 31149.
Brooks, A. H., U. S. Geological Survey :
Five specimens of Hamilton fossils from
Cornwall, Orange County, New York.
32012.
Brown, C. F., Hot Springs, Arkansas:
Specimen of quartz. 31968.
Brown, C. S., Memphis, Tennessee: Two
hundred and eighteen plants from the
Azores. Purchase. 30891.
Brown, E. J., Washington, District of
Columbia: Birds' skins and birds' eggs.
(31201, 31559).
Brown, Glenn, Washington, District of
Columbia: Orbicular granite from
Stokes County, North Carolina. 31388.
Brown, H. E., Clear Creek, California:
Ninety -one plants from Oregon and
California. Purchase. 31854.
Brown, Lincoln, Woodside, Maryland :
Sixteen specimens of Camharus barioni.
30942.
Brown, Mrs. M. E., New York City : Two
rattles made of tinned plate and small
wire rings obtained from the western
coastof Africa (gift) (31612) ; Smountcd
and 2 unmounted photographs of per-
sons v,'ith musical instruments and a
photograph of a portal)le organ, proba-
blytheNimfali(gift) (31791); abellfrom
Japan, bell used by the Buddhistpriests
in worship, and a bell used by Shinto
priests in worship (exchange) (32008).
Brown, Mrs. N. M. (See under E. W.
Nelson.)
Brownlow, Hon. W. P., House of Repre-
sentatives: Specimen of Ant-eater,
CycJohmts (gift) (31604); birds' skins
and eggs and a nest from British Hon-
duras (31605).
Bi;rxTON, D. W., Aspen, Colorado: Three
specimens of polybasite. 31613.
Bryant, E. S., Minot and Grftnd Harbor,
North Dakota : Skin of White-rumped
Sandpiper, Trintja fuscicoUis (gift)
(32103) ; birds' eggs and a nest (31069).
Bryant, H. G., Philadelphia, Pennsylva-
nia: Geological specimens from Green-
land (gift) (31832); 14 ethnological
objects from Inglefield Gulf, Green
land (exchange) (32010).
Bry'ant, O., Longwood, Florida: Living
Unionidie. 31911.
Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr,
Pennsylvania, transmitted by Dr. Flor-
ence Bascom : Geological material from
South Mountain, Pennsylvania. Ex-
change. 31713.
BuFFORD, Henry. (See under Interior
Department: U. S. Geological Survey.)
Burger, W. C, Blacks, California, trans-
mitted by Hon. S. G. llilborn: Tooth
of a fossil elephant. 31412.
Burns, W. R., Concord, Kentucky: Au-
tograph letter of Thomas Jefferson
to George Otis, dated July 18, 1820.
32031.
Burtch, Verdi, Penu Yan, New York:
Fresh-water shells (31242); specimens
of Vivlpara contccfoidcs, showing varia-
tion of color bands (31261) ; Unios from
Niagara Falls representing 3 species
(31445); Unios from the United States
representing 6 species (31468) ; Uuion-
idaj from the eastern section of the
United States representing 3 species
(31574) ; Unionida>. from the eastern
section of the United States represent-
ing 5 species (31669).
Bush, B. F., Courtney, Missouri : Land
and fresh-water shells from Missouri,
representing 20 species (gift) (31429);
botanical specimens (purchase) (31429,
31765, 31798, 31829, 31836).
Buzzard, S. S., Berkeley Springs, West
Virginia: Sample of maple wood with
natural ingrafting. 31554.
Calcutta, India : Botanic Gardens: 409
herbarium specimens (31213); 326 bo-
tanical specimens (31842). Exchange.
California Academy of Sciences, Sua
Francisco, California, transmitted by
L. M. Loom is: Twelve birds' skins
(exchange) (31198); 4 type specimens
of plants (gift) (31532); transmitted by
Dr. J. G. Cooper, shells, from various
localities, representing 7 species (gift)
(32032).
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
97
Calkins. Lieut. C. G., U. S. N., Nagasaki,
.lapaii: Collection of Chinese indus-
trial ami artistic ware made from bam-
boo, and 9 musical instruments. Pur-
chased for the Museum. S12S!t.
Call, Prof. K. Ellswoktu, Lawreuce-
hurg, Indiana: Type specimens, repre-
senting 5 species of Arachnida and a
mollusk I'rum MamnH)th Cave. 31943.
CamiiT1.;ll, M. R., U. S. Geological Sur-
vey : Weathered conglomerate from
\'irgiuia. Purchase. 3l'14S.
Canhy, W. M., Wilmington, Delaware:
Specimens of 'rUdcmannia. (3171*5)
(lentaud returned), (;51743) (exchange).
Cantkuiury McsEiM. (See under
Christchurch, New Zealand.)
Cantwell, (;. G., Howkan, Alaska : Four
birds' skins. 31711.
Carpknteh, Capt. W. L., U. S. A., Sack-
etts Harbor, New York : Nest, 4 eggs,
and skin of Prairie Horned Lark. 32244.
Cahk, J. C, Morris, Illinois: Specimen
of lHjiellis dijyiodiscus. 30859.
Carhico, E. T., Moherly, Missouri: Ar-
rowheads (317(51); clays, shales, etc.
(31987).
Cartek, E. B., St. Augustine, Florida:
Two pieces of wood eaten by isopods,
also specimen of isopod from St. Johns
River. 31783.
Casad, Miss Alice. (See under T. D. A.
Cockerell.)
Ca.se, IL B., Loudonville, Ohio: Speci-
men of Cotinlaria inicroncma Meek, and
a specimen of Coniilaria newberiyi Hall.
Exchange. 31374.
Casiiman, N., Rochester, New York:
Copper coin used during the reign of
George III, 1797. 32194.
Cassadv, J. M., Camden, New .Jersey:
Specimen of Castanea dintata. 31176.
Casteel, .1. N., Myrtle Creek, Oregon,
transmitted by J. S. Diller. Tusks of
a mammoth. 31512.
Central High School, Washington,
District of Columbia, transmitted by
W. 1'. Hay: Six birds' skins. Ex-
change. 31316.
Ceramic Art Comp.vnv, Trenton, New
Jersey : Porcelain campaign button.
31637.
Chamijerlain, Dr. L. T., The "Chelsea,"
New York City: Land and fresh- water
shells from Central America and the
NAT MUS 97 7
Cuamuerlaix, Dr. L. T. — Continued.
West Indies, representing 232 species
(31839); 2 tourmalines from Paris,
Maine (to be added to the Lea collec-
tion) (32227) (presented to the Smith-
sonian Institution and deposited in the
National Museum).
Champion, W. R., Hazel Green, Wiscon-
sin : Photograph of arrow and sjtear
heads (gift) (31984); galena from Wis-
consin and Illinois (purchase) (32273).
Chapman, R. H. (See under Interior De-
partment, U. S. Geological Survey.)
Chapm.u^, S. II. & H., Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania: Seven medals. Pur-
chase. *'N.'' 31876.
Chase, Dr. A. G., Millwood, Kansas:
Shell of a soft shelled turtle belonging
to the genus Tryonyi . 31549.
Chastrand, a. D., Matanzas, Cuba:
Specimen of Ca'Iirfri/as thahstris Boisd.
31471.
Chernelhaza Stefan Chernel, von,
Koszeg, Hungary: Five birds' skins.
Exchange. 31164.
Chicago Academy of Sciences, Chi-
cago, Illinois, transmitted by F. C.
Baker: Shells. (30929,31657,31956.)
Chipman, W. F., San Jose, Caliiornia:
Four specimens of Zyfiadontu pinicula-
tis (31939) ; specimen of MonardtUa
douglasii (32148).
Chittenden, N. H., San Diego, Califor-
nia: An unfinished tube or pipe of ser-
pentine. 31782.
Christchurch, New Zealand: Can-
terbury Museum, transmitted by F.
W. llutton, curator: Ethnological and
archaeological objects. Exchange.
30996.
Cincinnati Society of Natural His-
tory, Cincinnati, Ohio, transmitted by
Joshua Lindahl: Cast of a sandstone
object. 32160.
Clark, G. A., Stanford University, Cali-
fornia: Skulls of young fur seals, and
ovaries. 31425.
Clark, .lames, London, England: A
group of pearls foviud in a shell from
Torres Straits, Thursday Island.
30886.
Clarke, Prof. F. W., U. S. Geological
Survey : Three meteoric specimens from
Long Island. 31188. Presented to the
Smithsonian Institution and deposited
98
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Clarke, Prof. F. W. — Continued.
in the National Musenm. (See nuder
G. S. Fellows; W. J. Knowlton.)
Clarke, Prof. John M., Albany, New
York: Plaster cast of a specimen of
Coronura diurus Green. 31757.
CocKERELL, Prof. T. P. A., Las Vegas,
New Mexico : Types and cotypes of
sjiecies of Aculeate liymenoptera
(30948); 2 Mexican plants (31042);
types and cotypes of 22 species of
hymeuoptera (31061); Isopoda (Sphw-
roma sp. nov.), from a warm spring
near Socorro, New Mexico, and a ter-
restrial Isopod from tlie edge of the
spring (31621); black-headed snake,
Tontilla niyriceps obtained by Miss
Alice Casad (32003) ; specimen of Halic-
tus midosensis Cockerell, a cotype from
Sante Fe (32025) ; type specimen of
Cecidomyia neomexicaiia Cockerell from
Organ, New Mexico (32072). (See
under Agriculture, Department of.)
CocKERTON, F. T., Danville, Illinois:
Coal Measure mollusks representing 6
species (exchange) (31420) ; 400 speci-
mens of Coal Measure plants, repre-
^nting 21 species (exchange) (31543);
fossil Nautilus, representing 2 species
(gift) (31789).
CoHEN„D. A., Alameda, California: Set
one-fourth of eggs of Oregon Towhee
runt eggs, and a runt of the California
Partridge. 31247.
Cole, Miss Ella A., Meadow Valley, Cal-
ifornia: Cocoon and moth of Attaciis
ceanolhi Behr. 32042.
Cole, J. L., Manomet, Massachusetts:
Specimen of sea-mouse. 31565.
Coleman, A. P., Practical School of Sci-
ence, Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Fresh-
water shells, representing 2 species
from the interglacial beds at Toronto.
32145.
Colina, G. a., Museo Preistorico-
Entografico, Rome, Italy : Model of a
throwing-stick used by the Ozonana
Indians of South America. Exchange.
31979.
Collins, F. S., Maiden, Massachusetts:
Specimens of sea-weeds. (31343, 31703. )
Purchase.
Collins, J. F., Providence, Rhode Island :
Twenty plants. Exchange. 31893.
Comes, Prof. O., Portici, Italy: Thirty-
two specimens of Nicotiana. 30849.
COMSTOCK, Prof. J. H. (See under Cor-
nell University.)
Conant, F. S., Johns Hopkins Univer-
sity, Baltimore, Maryland : Crabs, rep-
resenting 29 species from Kingston
Harbor, Jamaica. 31436.
Cook, Prof. O. F., U. S. National Museum :
Collection of myriopods and crypto-
gamic plants (deposit) (30981); 224 her-
barium specimens comprising 164 speci-
mens of African flowering plants and
60 African ferns (gift) (31086); 3
specimens of Perideris from Liberia,
representing one species (gift) (31093);
2 specimens of HapJocliilus sexfasciatus
specimen of Eleotris sp., and a small
Goby; also reptiles from Liberia
(31014). (See under Hamburg, Ger-
many: Hamburg Museum, and Berlin,
Germany : Royal Museum of Natural
History.)
Cook, jMre. O. F., Care O. F. Cook: Four
hundred and thirty-five herbarium
specimens consisting of Spanish plants
and plants from Massachusetts (31092) ;
14 specimens of algae (31118) ; 297
plants from Massachusetts (31252).
CoOLEY, Bartlett, Galena, Kansas:
Lead and zinc ores from Galena and
North Empire,Cherokee County. 31810.
Cooper, Dr. J. G. (See under California
Academy of Sciences. )
Copenhagen, Denmark: Zoological
Museum, transmitted by Dr. F. Mei-
nert: Crabs, representing 32 species.
Exchange. 31717.
Copineau,Ch., Donllens, iSomme,France:
One hundred and seven dried plants.
Exchange. 30957.
CoQUiLLETT, D. W., Department of Agri-
culture : Eight hundred and sixty speci-
mens of Tachinida', representing 196
species and including 81 types of spe-
cies (32084) ; type specimen of Culex
signifer Coquillett (32098). (See under
Charles Robertson.")
CORDLEY, Prof. A. B. (See under Oregon
Agricultural College. )
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York,
transmitted by Prof. J. H. Comstock:
Invertebrates, representing 19 species,
collected by the Cornell Expedition to
Greenland in 1896. 31975.
CoRNMAN, C. T., Carlisle, Pennsylvania:
Bantam hen (31426) ; brown-red bantam
fowl (32062).
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
99
Cory, Prof. C. B., Hoslou. Massachusetts:
Eleven strings t>f beads obtained froui
the Semiuole ludiaus. 32040.
Cory, C. B., Palm Beach, Florida: A
young alligator and a young crocodile.
32004.
Costa Kica, Museo Nacional de, San
.Ios<^, Costa Rica : transmitted by Seuor
J. Fid Tristan: Screech Owl, Me(jascops
sp. (30X50) ; 2 fresh-water crabs (32230).
CossL'M. (Jelia S., l)e Ixuyter, New York :
Fan, writing set, and a razor from Ning-
1)0, China. 32086.
CoviLLE, F. v.. Department of Agricul-
ture: Specimen of Canim gairdneri B «fc
H; (3130S) ; specimen of Asimina triloba.
(31993.)
Coi'BEAUX, Eugene, Boucher, Saskatch-
ewan, Canada: Ten birds' skins. Ex-
change. 31719.
CouES, Dr. Elliott, Washington, Dis-
trict of t'olumbia: Type specimen of
Jiinco rfaHt//i from Soutli Dakota. 31157.
Court, E. J., Washington, District of
Columbia: Two eggs of a Turkey Buz-
zard and 2 eggs of a White Ibis. 31177.
CoiRTNEY, C. \V., Doniphan, Idaho:
Sample of diatomaceous earth. 32222.
CowDREY Machini: Works, Fitchburg,
Massachusetts: Specimen of wood.
316«7.
Cox, Miss Hazel Van Zaxdt, Bright-
wood, District of Columbia: English
Sparrow and a Parula Warbler, in the
flesh (31154) ; young Goldhuch and a
Pho-be, in the tlesh (31182).
Crafts Wilbir (no address given).
Suit of Mandau costume consisting of
a coat, pants, and moccasins. Purchase.
31870.
Craig, R. L., Fossil, Wyoming, through
F. H. Knowlton: Fossil Ray-tish. 31160.
Crandall, C. S., Fort Collins, Colorado:
Eight specimens of Colorado Fmbel-
lifene. 31504.
Crevecoelr, F. F., Oiuiga, Kausas:
Six plants. 31418. (See under Agri-
culture, Department of.)
Crosby, G. S., Pacific (irove, California:
Two ]>lauts. 31598.
Cross, Whitmajx. (See under Interior
Department, U. S. Geological Survey.)
Crown Lands, Depart.me.vt of. (See
under Quebec, Canada.)
CuLix, Stewart, University of Pennsyl-
vania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
Time-indicating lamp "Pride of
America."
CUMMINGS, Miss C. E., Wellosley College,
Wellesley, Massachusetts: Twenty
specimens of Myxomycetes. Purchase.
31393.
CuRTiss, A. II., Jacksonville, Florida:
Three bulbs of Jli/menorallin caribaa
from near Indian River, Florida (gift)
(30977); 5 specimens of CommcUna
hirtella (gift) (31067); specimen of
Acnidd tuberculata Moq. (gift) (31214);
herbarium specimen of Tradencantia
(gift) (31447) ; 200 specimens of Florida
plants and 50 specimens of AJgiv,
floridanoi (purchase) (31722).
DAGciETT, A, S., Washington, District of
Columbia : Angora cat, in the flesh
31472.
Daggett, Hon. John, U. S. Mint, San
Francisco, California: Thirteen large
photographs illustrating the industries
of the Klamath Indians, San Fran-
cisco, California; also 2 plaster beads
(exchange) (31277); 3 jihotographs
(exchange) (31628) ; specimen of weav-
ing in Klauuith sipnook, or acorn
storehouse, and 2 braids for fringe on
garments (gift) (32190).
Dail, J., Aydeu, North Carolina: Speci-
men of roJyporus vonglohatim Berk.
32001.
Dale, T. Nelson, Williams College, Will-
ianistown, Mass. (See under Interior
Department, U. S. Geological Survey.)
Dall, W. II., U. S. Geological Survey:
Specimen of Hickory-borer, ('ijllenepic-
tus (gift) (31881); basket of Japanese
bamboo-work (deposit) (32100); spec-
imen of Cypraa xunihodou Gray, from
Torres Straits (gift) (32179).
Danhake, Joux, Washington, District of
Columbia: Malformed egg of a duck.
31971.
Daniel, J. W., jr., Lynchburg, Virginia:
Thirteen l)iids' eggs, rej)rcsenting 6
species, also 2 birds' nests from X'irginia
and California. 31079.
Daxiel, Dr. Z.T., Carlisle. Pennsylvania:
Lower incisors of a deer (30897) ; alco-
holic snake (30932); suit of clothing
made from the skin of a black-tailed
deer (purchase) (31330).
100
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Daniels, L. E., Morris, Illinois: Speci-
men of Dipeltin diplodisctis (30860);
shells from Indiana, representing 26
fresh-water species (31592).
Davidson, Dr. A., Los Angeles, Califor-
nia: Spiders. 31029.
Davidson, D. (See under Agriculture,
Department of. )
Davis, J. Woodbkidge, New York City :
Manuscript copy of the William Bar-
tram manusiript, 2 photographs of Dr.
E. H. Davis, and a chronological chart
of the Human Period (with reference
to Europe) by J. W. Davis. 31588.
Day, Dr. D. T., U. S. Geological Survey:
Minerals from Colorado, California,
Oregon, Utah, and Pennsylvania (31184,
31305, 31405). (See und.r D. V. Don-
aldson.)
Day, F. H., Boston, Massachusetts : Four
photographs selected from the Wash-
ington salon. 31288.
Dayton, C. N., Buffalo, New York: Ten
]>hotographs of ethnological objects
and three photographs illustrating
methods of transportation by horses
and oxen. Purchase. 31098.
Dean, S. B., New York City: Proces-
sional candlestick with seven branches,
used in France during the fourteenth
century. Purchase. 31855.
Deaxe, Walter, Caml)ridge, Massachu-
setts. Five fragments of Tkdemannia.
31799.
Deishei!, H. K., Kutstown, Pennsyl-
vania: Fossils. 31564. (See under
Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of
Ethnology.)
Delafield, Miss Emma, Washington,
District of Columbia : Wax models of
native fruits, wax flowers, and a col-
lection of Mexican idols and other
archteological objects from the Pyra-
mids of Cholula- and Teotihuacan.
Presented to the Smithsonian Institu-
tion and deposited in the National
Museum. 31989.
De Miek, J. R., Lava, New Mexico:
Specimens of Ephedra irifurca. 32109.
Dennison, G. W., Smith's Island, via
Port Townsend, Washington: Six eggs
of Corviis caurina. 32144.
Dewey, L. H., Department of Agricul-
ture: Specimen of Prionopsis viliatus
(31150) ; 100 specimens of grasses from
Dew^ey, L. H. — Continued,
the District of Columbia (32151); 9
jilants (32038) ; specimen of Crinum
(32284).
DiCKiNS, Commander F. W., U. S. N.:
Two clay pipes, found in a grave in
the Island Cemetery, Newport, Rhode
Island. 31696.
DiCKHAUT, H. E., U. S. National Museum :
Slab of supposed fossil marine plants
from the Cincinnati formation, Coving-
ton, Kentucky. 31431.
DiLLER, Dr. J. S. (See under J. N. Cas-
tcel ; Interior Department, U. S. Geo-
logical Survey.)
DoDdE, Byron E., Richfield, Michigan :
Collection of archaeological objects,
chipped stone and flint implements.
(30979, 31506, 31747, 32193. ) Deposit.
Donaldson, D. V., Colorado Springs,
Colorado : Three specimens of gold
after tcllnride from Orepba 3Iay Mine,
Cripple Creek District, a specimen of
telluride ore contaiuing a specimen of
gold from Pike's Peak Mine, same local-
ity, obtained through Dr. Day. 31186.
DoUBLEDAY, Mrs. Abner, Washington,
District of Columbia : Sword worn dur-
ing the war of the rebellion by Gen-
eral Doubleday. Deposit. 31948.
Dozier, S. B. (See under Smithsonian
Institution, Bureau of Ethnology.)
Drake, C. M., Tacoma, Washington:
Three species of marine shells from the
western coast of the United States
(gift) (31265); specimens of Echinar-
achnius excentrieus Val., and Stroiigylo-
eentrotus drobachiensis Miiller, and ma-
rine shells representing 2 species (gift)
(32122) ; shells from Puget Sound (gift)
(31408) ; seven starfishes, repr<'senting
2 species from Puget Sound (exchange)
(32279); 2 8i)ecimens of Venus (gift)
(32283).
Drowne, F. p.. Providence, Rhode Is-
land: Snake, specimen of Fiindidits
majalis, marine invertebrates and larva
of a carrion beetle inflated with mites.
30895.
Drushel, J. A., Commerce, Texas : Speci-
men of Astragalus distortus T. & G.
31929.
Dryden, Dr. R. C, Winslow, Arizona,
transmitted by the Fewkes Expedition,
1895-96: Tanning-tool of stone from
Santa Clara Canon. 31200
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
101
Dr RoisK. R. ('.. Wasliinjxtoii. District of I
t'i)hinil>i:i : The Horton automatic bas-
ket-making machine. S1S4I.
Di'PLKY, W. K. (See under Agriculture, '
Dei)artment of.)
DiGKS. Dr. A., (Tiianajuato, Mexico: Spec-
imen of Malracta and seeds of Ilelian-
thu8 (313l)8); specimens of Anodontu
(31369); large root-gall, product of a
cynipid, belonging to the genus Andri- \
CII8 (31673) ; specimens of Anodonta con-
taining the animal (31697); galls of a
cynipid on oak (31907); cynipid, Syner-
gna dutjisi Ashmead, a new species, and
Curcnlionid, belonging to the genus
Othlucephalus (31991) ; skin and skull of
' a mouse, tooth of a horse fonnd in an
Indian mound at Cuecillos. body of an
abnormally shaped hen, and a tooth of
a horse found at Peuou Warm Springs,
2 tubes of gall-insects (32131).
DUNX, Matiikw vK: Co., Groat Falls,
Montana, transmitted by G. F. Kunz :
Sapphires, and sajtphires in the matrix
from near L'tica, Montana. 31185.
DrvALL, H. C, Washiniiton, District of
Columbia : Arch:eological objects from
Missouri, Illinois, and Tennessee
(31773); 4 specimens of pentremites
from Illinois (3181.t); dust from sup-
posed " blacksnoNv"' (31954).
Dy.\r, Dr. H.(i., New York City: Forty-
one specimens of North American Saw-
flies (Tenthredinida') representing 26
species, and including types of 19 spe-
cies by Dyar and Marlatt, 31166.
Eaklk, A. S., Washington. District of
Columbia: Wire silver from Molly
Gil)Son mine. Aspen, Colorado. 31770.
Fames. Dr. E. H., Bridgeport, Connecti-
cut: Six hundred botanical specimens.
Exchange. 31764.
Earlb, Prof V. S., Auburn. Alabama:
Two specimens of Trillium. .32240.
Ea.stw( ><>!), Miss Alice, San Francisco,
California: Forty-two plants from
southeastern Utah. Exchange. 31037.
Eastwo()I>, Fred., Philadelphia, Penn-
sylvania: Badge and ribbon, National
Workingmen's Taritf League, Washing
ton. District of Columbia. 32113.'
Eaton, A. A., Seabrook, New Ilamp- j
shire : Twenty-seven specimens of Erjui-
settirn and 11 specimens of f/tites.
31930.
' Kecei\(Ml in a pr<
Eat<>\, (J. F., New Haven, Connecticut:
One hundred and seventy-two speci-
mens of Sphagtia. 31423.
EcKKKT, T. T. (See under Western
I'nion Telegrajjh Company.)
Ellis, B. A., Fort Meade, South Dakota:
Herbarium specimen of nanitiiciihis
glalierrimuii Hook (31715); 13 sjteci-
mens of the same (32108).
Elmek, a. D. E., Pullman, Washington:
Two hundred and thirty-two plants.
Purchase. 31534.
Elroo, M.,I., Bloomington, Illinois: Six
small mammals from Snake Pivei-,
Idaho. 31270.
Emerson, W. 0., Hay wards, California:
Nest of Annas Hummingbird, Cahjpte
anna. 30839.
Emmons, S. F., U. S. Geological Survey:
Land shells from Peru, South America.
32048.
Englk, H. M., Koanoke, \'irginia: Sjteci-
men of tschelit'kinite from Bedford
County, \ irginia, and a specimen of
samarskite from North Carolina. 31294.
English, G. L., & Co., New York City:
Specimen of gersdorffite from Alova,
Province of Malaga, Spain (exchange)
(31404); gold an<l silver specimens
(purchase) "N" (31898).
Enos, Mrs. D. C, Saratoga S))rings, New
York: Two specimens of Z/«c/(«o.s<<'/Hrt
arcnata Smith. 32061.
Enthiken, S. J., Chester, Pennsylvania:
Eight models of Eskimo knots 31865.
Entwisle. Mr. (SeeuuderGeorgeAyers.)
EuicsoN Brothers, Areata, California;
Twelve photographs of Klamath In-
dians. 31823. Received through G. P.
Merrill.
De Er\e, H. v.. Hein, South Dakota:
Specimen of lielemnitclla. 32233.
Ernst, H. A., Youngstown, Ohio: Fifteen
photographs of Seminole Indians ficmi
Florida. Pnrchase. 32207.
Evans. A. li., Philadeli)hia. Pennsyl-
vania: Two miniature Liberty Bells, in
l»orcelain. 31089.
E\ EiniANN, Prof. P>. W., IT. S. Fish Com-
mission: Fifteen plants from soutiieru
Florida (31359) ; 139 plants from Idaho
(31.567); 47 specimens of lepidoptera,
representing 17 s))ecies from Key West
(31867); specimen of Tradeacant ia
(31995).
vious liscal year.
102
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
EvERMANN, T. B., U. S. Fish Commission:
One hundred and ninety-five specimens
of lepidoptera, representing 44 species,
from Idaho. 31866.
Fairbanks Museum of Natural His-
tory, St. Johnsbnry, Vermont : Two
photographs of liushmen, taken in Pie-
torea, Tran8\ aal, South Africa. 31334.
Fannin, John. (See under Victoria,
British Columbia: Provincial Museum.;
Far(juuar, H., Department of Lands
and Survey, Wellington, New Zealand :
Echinoderms, representing 5 species
from New Zealand. Exchange. 30873.
Fahrington, D. O. C. (See under Field
Columbian Museum. )
Faxon, Walter. ( See under Museum of
Comparative Zoology.)
Fay, H. W., De Kalb, Illinois: Photo-
graph of an Indian arrowhead em-
bedded in the rib of an animal (31044) ;
cabinet-size photograph of Abraham
Lincoln (32082).
Featherstonhaugh, Thomas, Washing-
ton, District of Columbia: Collection
of axcliaological objects from burial
mounds near Lake Apopka, South
Florida, and 5 photograjjhs showing
excavations in the mounds. 31781.
Fellows, G. S., transmitted by Prof.
F. W. Clarke, U. S. Geological Survey:
Specimen of onyx from near Pedrara,
Lower California. 30999.
Fernald, M. L., Gray Herbarium, Cam-
bridge, Massachusetts : Two hundred
and twentj^ plants from Maine. Pur-
chase. 31487.
Fernow, Dr. B. E. (See under C. H.
Peid.)
Fewkes, Dr. Walter, U. S. National
Museum: Specimen of Canon Diablo
meteorite (31274) ; 3 musical instru-
ments from Arizona and New Mexico,
and 110 ethnological objects from the
same locality (31785); pair of Moki
moccasins (32079).
Field Columbian Museum, Chicago,
Illinois, transmitted by C. F. Mill-
spaugh : Two hundred and eight speci-
mens of plants from Yucatan (31084) ;
transmitted by Dr. O. C. Farrington,
specimens of Grecian marble, septu-
rian nodule, barite and phosphorite.
(32027)
FiGGlNS, J. D., Smithsonian Institution:
Water Thrush, Seiuriis motacilla from
FiGGiNS, .1. D.— Continued.
Dismal Swamp, Virginia (31831); 2
sparrows (31840).
Filer, W. B., New York City : Four mam-
mal skins and skulls and 60 birds'
skins from Efulen, West Africa. 32298.
Fish Commission, U. S., Hon. J. J. Brice,
Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries:
Two type specimens of shad {Alosa
alabamw) (30987) ; bone perforators,
shell ornaments, etc.. found in Indian
graves at U. S. Fish Commission sta-
tion, San Marcos, Tex;is, while exca-
vating for ponds: collected by .1. L.
Leary, superintendent of the station
(31009) ; tyjies of new fishes collected
by the steamer Albatross in the vicinity
of the Hawaiian Islands, also a few
from the coast of Lower California and
the Galapagos Islands (31(ill) ; collec-
fiou of marine invertebrates obtained
in the course of oyster investigations
made in Ijong Island Sound by the
Fish Commission in 1890 and 1892
(31115); stone implements, fragments
of pottery, human teeth taken from
ponds at San Marcos, Texas (31167;;
specimen of river shrimp collected by
Mr. S. G. Worth in North Carolina
(31387) ; collection of new fishes from
the Colorado and Columbia Rivers, and
the type of Trachyrynchushelolepis, col-
lected by Prof. C. H. Gilbert (31760);
shells and mollusks obtained by the
steamers Fish Rawlc and Albatross and
by field parties (31878) ; reptiles and
batrachians from various parts of the
United States (32002); specimen of
Unio cornutiis from Texas (32043);
types of 41 new species of fishes
(32201).
Fisher, Capt. Walter, Washington,
District of Columbia: Two specimens
of Caspian Tern, in the flesh, from Four
Mile Run, Virginia. 31169.
Fisher, William J. (See under Dr. T. H.
Bean.)
Flath, J. A. (See under Agriculture,
Department of. )
Fleming, J. H., Toronto, Ontario, Can-
ada: Two specimens of Brunnich's
Murre from Ontario (gift) (31068); 10
sjiecimens of Redpoll (Acanthis) (ex-
change) (31097).
Fi.ODMAN, Mr. (See under P. A. Ryd-
berg.)
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
103
Fi.oon, O. D., Clinton, Massachusetts:
Nine birds' skins from the nawaiiiiu
Islands. Purchase. (One skin re-
turned.) 31072.
FoKTTEiM.E, J. G., Petropolis, Brazil:
One hundred an<l seventy-two speci-
mens of Brazilian lepidoptera, repi'e-
senting 115 species. Exchange. .30921.
FooTK, Dr. A. E., Philadelphia, Penn-
sylvania: Gold and silver specimens.
Purchase. "N." 31897.
FoKTiETu Parallel Survey. Micro-
seopic thin sections i)rei)ared by Prof.
Ferdinand Zirkel for the (Jeolonical
Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel,
and transferred from the II. S. Geolog-
ical Survey to the National Museum,
by Mr. Arnold H:igue, then custodian
of the coUectionB and slides belonging
to the Survey. 32107.
FoKwooD, Dr. W. H., U. S. A., Soldiers'
Home, Washington, District of Colum-
bia: One thousand plants, represent-
ing Dr. Forwood's private collection
(31901); -132 herbarium specimens from
South Dakota (30902),
Foss, Mri.iiKKKY, Forbestown, Califor-
nia: Two stone sinkers, an arrowhead,
and a small paint mortar from Yuba
County, California. 31838.
Francis, .Ioskimi, Pensacola, Florida:
Skin of Great White Egret, Ardea
ef/retta. 32232.
Frazau, G. B., West Medford, Massachu-
setts: Thirty-four rude chii»ped imple-
ments, a hammer stone, and a net sinker
from Blackman's Point, Manslield, Mas-
sachusetts. 31322.
Frkduoi-m, a., Walbrook, Baltimore,
Maryland: Specimen of Plantago aris-
tata Mx., and a specimen of Liatris
graminifolia Willd, variety duhia, Gray
(31087) ; 4 herbarium specimens (3119(5).
Frikrson, L. S., Frierson's Mill, Louisi-
ana: Specimens of Fnios (31071,31127,
31486,31640,31833).
Frix, a. M., Calhoun, Georgia: Rhinoce-
ros Beetle, IfynasieH iityus. 30990.
Frost, L. L., Susanville, California:
Chipped (juartzito disk, a jutted stone,
and 2 obsidian arrowheads. 31910.
FucHS, CuARi.KS, San Francisco, Cali-
fornia: Two specimens of Ti/plilnseclnta
singnlaria Linell. 32258.
Frciis, H. T. (See under Agriculture,,
Dei)artment of.)
Fuller, E. G., Washington, District of
Columbia: Specimt-n oi Fiber zibethicuH,
from Potomac Flats. 31454.
Fi'LLKR, Miss Fay, Tacoma, Washington:
Ten plants from Washington and Ore-
gon. 312.55.
Fur Seal Investigation Commission,
through Prof. David S. Jordan : Squids,
invertebrates, alcoholic specimens of
birds, reptiles, and batrachians from
.Japan and Bering Sea. 31.560.
(Jardnkk, N. L. (See under Agriculture,
Department of. )
Garman. a.. Agricultural Experiment
Station, Lexington, Kentucky : Six
specimens of EJassoma zonatiim, speci-
men of Chologasfer coniiil IIS, and 3 speci-
mens of Diemiictijliia riridesceiiH, variety
vittatiis, from Wilmington, North Caro-
lina. 31934.
Garnkr, Edward, Qnincy, California:
Thirty-four buttertlies. 32295.
Gaylord, Horace, I'asaden.i. California:
Set of eggs of California Screech Owl,
and an abnormal egg of Desert Sparrow
Hawk. 31245.
Geneva, Switzerland: Musee D'His-
TOIRE Naturelle, transmitted by Dr.
N. D'Adelung. Insects comprising 84
specimens of orthoptera and crusta-
ceans. Exchange. 32268.
Gilbert, C. H. (See under Fish Com-
mission, U. S.)
Gilbert, Prof. G. K., U. S. Geological
Survey: Sandstone with problematic
markings from between Paria and
Kiparowitz plateaus, southern Utah.
31571. (See under Agriculture, Depart-
ment of. )
(Jill, J. P., Albany, Georgia : Four Indian
arrowheads. 31748.
Gill, Prof. Theodore N., Smithsonian
Institution: Fossil TInios, representing
4 species, from Niagara Falls (;U057);
specimen of Miis miixciiliin, in the llesh
(32167) ; abnormal egg of a domestic
fowl (32204).
(JiLLEspiE, F. 15. , Stamford, Connecticut:
Persian liddle," Kemangeh" (30909);
musical instrument from East India
(30985). Purchase.
Oilman, Collamore & Co., New York
City: Delft or Faience specimen of
ware. Purchase. "N." 320.50.
GiRTY, G. H., U. S. Geological Survey:
Fire clay from Sciotoville, Ohio, and
104
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
GiRTY, G. H. — Continued,
whetstone from Chagrin Falls, Ohio.
32384. (See under Interior Depart-
ment, U. S. Geological Survey ; Wilbur
Stout.)
Given, J. F., Decatur, Illinois: Photo-
graph showing both sides of a metal
medallion which was i)icked up in the
catacombs at Rome. 32187.
Glaisher, James, South Croydon, Eng-
land, transmitted by Prof. W. W. ,Tohu-
son: Photographs of Mr. Glaisher.
Presented to the Smithsonian Institu-
tion, and deposited in the National
Museum. 31950.
Glatfelter, Dr. N. N., St. Louis, Mis-
souri: Fifty specimens of willows.
Purchase. 31843.
Glover, Mrs. Lucy H., Brooklyn, New
York : Avery large and valuable collec-
tion of Chinese, Korean, and .Japanese
coins, consisting of 2,025 specimens,
dating from 22.54 B. C. to 1.392 A. D.,
medals and amulets ; also books written
in the English and Chinese languages
referring to the specimens com])rivSing
the collection. Bequeathed bj Mr.
George Bunker Glover, through his ex-
ecutrix, Mrs. Lucy H. Glover, to the
Smitlisonian Institution, and deposited
in the National Museum. 32055.
Goad, G. W., Phillips, Virginia: Seven
rude chipped implements, a steatite
vessel, and fragments of steatite ves-
sels. Exchange. 31055.
GoDDARD, Herbert, Decorah, Iowa:
Specimen of Chrysosplenium alternifo-
liirm. 32260.
Gold, J., Santa Fe, New Mexico: Silver
relic, of Spanish manufacture, dated
about the year 1783. Purchase. 31446.
Golden, R. A., & Co., Washington, Dis-
trict of Columbia: Albino Channel
Catfish, Aminrus albidus, 30853.
Good, H. F., Springfield, Ohio : Specimen
of Bipalmm ketvense Moseley. 31827.
Goode, Dr. G. Brown, U. S. National
Museum: Chinese dulcimer. Pur-
chased by Dr. Goode for the National
Museum. 30966.
Goode, Master Philip Burwell, Wash-
ington, District of Columbia : Specimen
of Dragon fly, Ejncordulia princeps
Hagen. 30946.
Goodrich, Dr. E. S. (See under Oxford,
England : Oxford University Museum. )
Gordon, R. H., Cumberland, Maryland:
Fossils from the Niagara formation of
Cumberland (31649, 31730, 31816).
Gorman, M. W., Portland, Oregon : One
hundred and thirty-nine plants. 31714.
GouLD,C. N.jWinfield, Kansas : Specimen
of Serpula, 3 specimens of Ostrea frank-
Uni Coquand, a specimen of Gryphaa
corrwjaia Say, and 4 specimens of Gry-
plura sp. 32262.
Grahamstown, South Africa: Albany
Museum, transmitted by Dr. S. Schiin-
land, Director: 37 birds' skins from
South Africa (31249); 135 birds' skins
from the same locality (32140). Ex-
change.
Grant, Col. C. C, Hamilton, Ontario, Can-
ada: Specimen of Palnaster granti, 61
specimens of Upper Silurian grapto-
lites, and 8 specimens of miscellaneous
fossils (30993) ; 51 Silurian graptolites
(31.569).
Grant, F. H., Melborne, Victoria, Austra-
lia: Twenty-five fossil seeds. 31542.
Gray Herbarium, Botanic Garden, Cam-
bridge, Massachusetts : Sixteen herba-
rium specimens. Lent. (Returned.)
31699.
Gray, Mrs. M. F., Washington, District of
Columbia: Four plants. 321,34.
Greely, a. W. (See under War Depart-
ment, U. S. Signal Office.)
Green, Bernard, Washington, District
of Columbia: Building stones. 30959,
Greene, Prof. E. L., Catholic University
of America, Washington, District of
Columbia: Four plants. 32157.
Greenman, J. M., Cambridge, Massachu-
setts: Two herbarium specimens of
Umbellifer.e from California (30874);
specimen of Acacia from Cuba. (31501.)
Greger, D. K., Fulton, Missouri : Twelve
plants from Missouri (gift) (.30884);
land and freshwater shells, represent-
ing 18 specimens from Callaway Coun-
ty (gift) (31174); 17 specimens of
brachiopods and a crinoid (gift)
(31550) ; 29 specimens of Devonian and
Carboniferous fossils representing 19
species (exchange) (31729).
Gregory, James, El Paso, Texas: Por-
tion of a root of Acerates viruliflora.
30927.
Gresley, W. S., Erie, Pennsylvania:
Thirty-three specimens of Algonkian
iron ores from Michigan, containing
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
105
Gkeslky, W. S. — Continnert.
])robal>le impressions of plants and
trailiugs of animals. 31473.'
Ghikfix, Geoiu;k, Noitli Head, Grand
Manau, New Brnnswick, Canada, trans-
mitted Ity Major Hcndire: Two speci-
mens of starfishes, comprising Asierias
vuhjaris and Crihella mngidnoUnta.
31240.
GiUKKiTHS, David, care Departinont of
Agricultnre: Five specimens of dried
plants from Sonth Carolina. 31239.
Grindall, Dr. C. S., Baltimore. Mary-
laud : Five pigeons. 32163.
Grixnell, G. il., Holbrook, Massachu-
setts: Specimen of Corallorhiza multi-
flora. 31078.
Grinxell, .Joseph, Pasadena, California :
Seven specimens of CItanuta from Cali-
fornia (31427) ; 12 skins of ApheJecoma
from the same locality (316()1) ; 9 speci-
mens of Towhee, including types of
Pipilo maviiJatus clementd' (3205()).
GuRi.EY, ])r. K. K., Clark University,
Worcester, Massachusetts: Grapto-
lites. 30861.
GuTHHiE, OssiAN, Chicago, Illinois : Gla-
cial bowlders from ground moraine
nearChicago (gift) (31909) ; native cop-
per from glacial drift (purchase)
(31391); specimen from a Huronite
bowlder found about 20 miles south of
Chicago (gift) (32247).
llAiiUK, Arxold. (See under Fortieth
Parallel Survey.)
Hall, D. 1"., Creston, Iowa: Small jtiece
of leather made from human skin.
32170.
Hamburg, Germaxy: HAMBURfr Mu-
seum, Prof. Kraopeliu, Director, trans-
mitted by Prof. O. F. Cook : Thirty-five
jars containing myriapoda belonging
to the family Spirostreptida-. Lent.
31338.
Hamilton, Bourne, Washington, Dis-
trict of Columbia: Skin of a Kooky
Mountain Sheep, Oris vtoiitana. 31278.
Hamilton, Jamks M., Coahuila, Mexi(!o:
Specimen of Corillea diiaricdta. 30909.
Hamilton, Mr., Washington, District of
Columbia: Sharp-shinned llawk, in
the rtesh. 31272.
Hamlinf, University, St. Paul, Minne-
nesota, transmitted by Prof. H. L. Os-
' Types illustrated in "Traces of organic
Mountains, Michigan, etc."
Hamline University — Continued,
born: fifty-six specimens of niarint^
shells from the Philippine Islands.
31123.
Hammond, Mrs. C. W., .Vrgyle, Washing-
ton: Specimens of CV)r>((/tW((. 31()2r).
Haxselman, J.J., Brooklyn, New York:
Pigeon, in the llesh. 30926.
Hardy, Manly, Brewer, Maine: Trout.
30984.
Harrington, W. 11., Ottawa, Canada,
transmitted through W. H. Ashmead:
Thirty specimens of parasitic Hyme-
noptera, representing 11 species. 31351.
Harrison, Miss Carrie, U. S. N.ational
Museum: Specimen of Koelreuteria.
30876.
Hart, J. J., Botanic Garden, Trinidad:
Herbarium specimen of Sacotjlottis
amazonica Mart (gift) (31119); speci-
men of the same (ex<rhangc) (31210).
Hart, William W. A. Co., New York
City: Two skins of Mount St. Elias
Bear, Ursitsemmonsi. Purchase. 31759.
Harvard University, Hkrharium of,
Cambridge, Massachustitts: 14 sheets of
Crantzia, and 32 sheets of Heliocarpits.
Lent. Returned. 31962.
Hasbrouck, Dr. E. M., Washington, Dis-
trict of Columbia: Two hundred and
eighteen birds' skins (31234) ; 110 birds'
skins (31556). Purchase.
Haskel, p. D., Washington, District of
Columbia: Specimen of Clirysopsis fal-
cata from Massachusetts. 31063.
Haswkll, C. II., Now York City: Model
of the first steam boiler-riveting ma-
chine. 31871.
Havens, J. G. W., Point Pleasant, New
Jersey: Alcoholic specimen of Sea
Hare. 31243.
Hawks-Pott, Rev. F. L. (See under
Shanghai, China, St. John's College.)
Hawley, F. II., New York City: Luuflell
Electric nuitor and a set of Morse tele-
graph instrnnuints, relay sounder, and
key on one l)oard. 31821.
Hay, W. P., Central High School, Wash-
ington, District of Columbia: Large
collection of crayfishes. Exchange.
(See under Central High School.)
31622.
Haymond, Mrs. Dorcas, Morgantown,
West Virginia: Ware from an old pot-
remains from the Huronian series at Iron
106
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Raymond, Mrs. Dorcas — Continued,
tery in Morgantown, stamps, dies, etc.
Transmitted by Walter Hougli. 31352.
Haynes, F. Jay. (See under Interior
Department. )
Heidemann, O., Petworth, District of
Columbia : Two beetles and two insects
from Canary Islands. (The beetles
proved to be new to the Museum col-
lection.) 32287.
Heiks, V. C, Mercur, Utah : Specimens of
orpimentand associations from Mercur
mine, Mercur, Sunshine district, Tooele
County. 31544.
Heliotype Printing Company, Boston,
Massachusetts : C h r o m o - collograjih
made from nature, from a piece of Mex-
ican onyx, by the three-color selective
process. 31809.
Heller, A. A., Lancaster, Pennsylvania:
Plants from Idaho and the Hawaiian
Islands. (30901, 30997, 31035, 31227,
31435.) Purchase.
Hempel, Adolph, Gotha, Florida : Speci-
men of Diemyctyhts viridescens. 31763.
Hemsley, W. B., Royal Botanic Gardens,
Kew, England: Fragments oiJuniperus
occidentalis. Exchange. 31800.
Henry, Miss M. A., Washington, District
of Columbia: Eighteen pieces of elec-
trical apparatus (32991) ; lOdiplomas, 19
medals, etc., presented to Prof. Joseph
Henry (32292) ; 11 objects, consisting of
letters, books, documents, pamphlets,
also portraits of Professor Henry and
others (32293) ; first scientific book read
by Professor Henry, entitled "Letters
on Experimental Philosophy, Astron-
omy, and Chemistry," by G. Gregory,
Volume 1, 1808 (32294). Deposit.
Henshaw, H. W., Hilo, Hawaiian Is-
lands, transmitted through Dr. Stej-
neger : Specimens of Longicorn Beetle,
riagithmysus rarians Sharp, from Ki-
lauea, Hawaii (31491); collection of
lizards from Hawaii (31754).
Herman, W. W., Boston, Massachusetts:
Land and fresh- water shells, represent-
ing 9 species, from various localities
(31409) ; shells from Mauritius (31467).
Hershey, O. H., Freeport, Illinois: Six-
teen specimens of Cincinnati group
fossils, 31913.
Herzer, Rev. H., Columbiis, Ohio: Four
specimens of Psaronicus. 31955.
Hess, I.E., Philo, Illinois : Nest of Wood
Pewee, Contoj)iis rirens, and of Mary-
land Yellow-throat, Geothlypis triclias.
31680.
Hessler, Robert, Logansport, Indiana :
Eight herbarium specimens. 31452.
Hetherington, W. p., Belding, Michi-
gan : Specimens of marl. 31002.
Hewitt, A., Winnebago City, Minnesota,
transmitted by Major Bendire : Krider's
Hawk and a Red-tailed Hawk (30851) ;
set of eggs of Krider's Hawk (new to
the Museum collection) (31049).
Heyde, Rev. H. T., A^era Cruz, Mexico:
Thirty- one birds' skins. Purchase.
31516.
HiGGiNS & Seiter, New York City : Two
Washington jugs, of porcelain. 31576.
HiLBORN, Hon. S. G. (See under W. C.
Burger.)
HiLBOURN Printing Company, Hart,
Michigan : Tomato Hawk Moth, Proto-
parce celeus. 30922.
HiLDEBRANDT, A. M., College Station.
Texas: Plants. (32095,32185.)
Hill, Dr. R. T., U. S. Geological Survey :
Specimen of native bitumen and 3
specimens of bitumen rock from Uvalde
County, Texas (31309) ; specimen of
gypsum from 3 miles north of Sweet-
water, Texas, and a specimen of quartz
in granite from Burnet County (32156).
(See under Interior Department, U. S.
Geological Survey.)
Hillebrand, Dr. W. F., U. S. Geological
Survey : Specimens of prosopite from
near Lewiston, Utah. 31066.
HiLLMAN, U. H., Forest Dale, Massachu-
setts: Specimen of ChrysantJicmnmJeu-
canthumum. 30989.
Hind, Dr. Wheelton, Stoke-upon-Trent,
England : Two hundred and ten speci-
mens of English carboniferous pelecy-
pods, representing 36 species. Ex-
change. 30896.
HiNTON, Prof. W. B., Kiasimmee, Florida :
Part of a specimen of White-winged
Dove, MelopeUa leucoptera. 31348.
HiNTZE, Alex., Helsiugfors, Finland:
Two specimens of Lapp Owl from Fin-
land. 32090.
HiPPiSLEY, A. E., Commissioner of Cus-
toms, China, transmitted by Hon.W.W.
Rockhill : Collection of lamps and can-
dlesticks from China. 30941.
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
107
Hitchcock, Prof. C. IT., Hanover, New
Hampshire: Geological material illns-
tratinjj the fieological sections across
New Hanpshire and Vermont. 3ir)20.
HiTCHiNS, G. D., Brighton, Virginia:
Snake. 322.57.
iloHHS, 15. S., Brooklyn, New York : Spec-
imen of obsidian i'rom near C'ali, State
(if Canca, Colombia. 309.54.
1 loixiK, 1 )r. E. K., Army Medical Museum,
Washington, District of Columbia:
Snake (30833) ; 10 specimens of Confed-
erate paper money (32116).'
Hoffman. Pr.W. ,T., Washington, District
of Columbia : A carved hard-wood pes-
tle from Doublinggap, I'eunsylvania.
31061.
Hoi.cOMB, E. G., Brasher Iron Works,
New York: Stone implement. Ex-
change. 31585.
H<)l:\i, T. W., Department of Agriculture:
Twenty-three specimens of fungi from
Denmark and Swe<len. 31051.
Holmes, J. A., Chapelhill, North Caro-
lina, transmitted through U. S. Geo-
logical Snrvcy: Contact of vein antl
wall rock from Painter Mica Mine, near
Sylvia, .Jackson County. 30973.
Hoi.MF.S, ,1. S., Bosvmans Bluft', North Car-
olina : Specimen of Spadefoot, Sca2}hi-
opiis hoJbrookii. 31886.
Holmes, S. .J., Chicago, Illinois: Crabs,
representing 3 species, and an isopod
from the western coast of North Amer-
ica. Exchange. 31402.
Holt, H. P. R., Takoma Park, District of
Columbia: Cut-glass globe of an astral
lamp, 80 years old, and a pair of snuff-
ers. 31828.
HoL/.ixGF.K, .1. M., Winona, Minnesota:
Eleven iH-rbarium specimens of Umbel-
liferie from Colorado (lUSiUJ); speci-
men of moss, representing a ]iortion
of a type of Ilypnum iiiclophijUotHm
(32009).
HoL/.N'ER, F. X., San Diego, California:
Alcoholic re])tiles and mollusk. 30962.
Houi>, S. B., Sparta, Illinois: Specimen
ofpyrite. 31961.
HooPEK, J. .J., Selma, Alabama, trans-
mitted by .Johns Hojikius I'niversity,
Baltimore, Maryland: Neuropterous
fly, Corjidalns coiniitiis. 30S35.
HoPKi.NS, Miss SiE, Melbourne Beach,
Florida : Three specimens of Commelina
Hoi'KiNs, Miss Si'E— Continued.
ericla and two of Tradescantia rosea
(30937); six specimens of seaweed
(31085) ; 8 plants (31204).
Hopi'iNG, Kalpii, Kaweah, (California:
Beetles, representing 85 si)ecies. 31(588.
IIORAX, IlEXiiY, U. S. National Museum,
through .Iosei)h Horan t Nineteen rib-
bon badges and a nu'tal badge. 31390.
HoRAX, JosKPii. (See under Henry
Horan.)
HoRicA.x, M. E., Washington, District of
Columbia: Farrier's knife. 31775.
HoKXER, R. M. (See under Agriculture,
De])artment of.)
H08TETTKR, Karl, Minerva, Ohio: Four
rude chipped implements and other
archicological obj ects. Exchange.
31048.
Hough, Dr. Walter, IT. S. National
Museum: Fossil plants and animals
(31382); 16 prehistoric objects from a
cave at Mentonc, France (:>1440). (See
under Mrs. Dorcas Haymond.)
How, Rev. Henry, Annapolis Royal,
Nova Scotia: Photograj)h of a gold
figurine found in Costa Rica. 32092.
Howard, L. O., Department of Agricul-
ture: Pack of Spanish playing-cards
found in the hole of a spermophile
near an Indian hut in Tucson, Arizona.
31766.
Howard, N. C, Mathis, Texas: Herba-
rium specimen. 31038.
Howe, M. A., Newfane, Veiniont: Four
specimens of Junci. 31102.
H()Wf:li„ E. E., Washington, District of
Columbia: Polished section of a Hint
nodule from England (exchange)
(30934); specimen of rutile in (|uartz,
specimen of rutilated quartz from
Madagascar, and a si)ecimen of varis-
cite from Ftah (purchase) (30940);
corundum from Corundum Creek, Pine
Mountain, Georgia (exchange) (30992) ;
reel, from the homestead of Samuel
Perry, Maine, and a. scaling stick (ex-
change) (31109); native gold in ([uartz
from Greenwood Mine, near Chancel-
lorsville, Virginia (purchase "N")
(31672); specimen of calcite (sinter),
specimen of 8tei)hanite, specimen of
argcntitt^ and specimen of chalcosti-
bite (purchase "N'')(31691) : 3 specimens
of Cdhjinena callivephala, 3 specimens of
' Received in a previous fiscal year.
108
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Howell, E. E. — Coutinued.
Asaphus gigas, 2 specimens of Dendro-
crinus polydactylus, and a specimen of
Conularia chesterensis (purchase "N")
(31706) ; specimen of kylindrite from
Poopo Choro, Bolivia (purchase "N")
(31749); 8 fossil Trilobites (purchase
"N") (32165); specimens of elaterite
from England, sal ammoniac from Sic-
ily, and placer gold from Eagle Creek,
Birch Creek district. Alaska (exchange)
(32242).
Howell, Thomas, Clackamas, Oregon :
One hundred and thirty-four plants
from southern Alaska. Purcliase.
30913.
HoYLE, W. E. (See under Manchester,
England. Manchester Muvseum.)
HuHHARD, H. G., Washington, District
of Columbia: Seventy-six species of
coleoptera from Montserrat, West In-
dies (gift) (31016) ; coleoptera, rejjre-
senting 42 species, from Jamaica (gift)
(31025); 58 specimens of hemiptera,
representing 9 species of Larrca tridcn-
taia and Prosopis jnliflora, from Tucson,
Arizona (31492) ; coleoptera, represent-
ing 69 species from North America (all
new to the Museum collection) (ex-
change) (31493) ; specimens of hymen-
optera from the arid regions of Arizona
(gift) (31904) ; 2 specimens of Chrame-
8U8 n. sp., and 8 specimens of parasitic
hymenoptera bred from them (gift)
(32259).
Hudson, Dr. J. W., Ukiah, California:
Photographs and working drawings of
a Ukiah house (31082); 8 photographs
of paintings of Porno and Ukiah In-
dians of California (31131).
Hudson, Mrs. J. W., Uiiiah, California:
Oil painting of a Pomo Indian. 32063.
HuETT, J. W., Ottawa, Illinois: Speci-
men of Samhiicus pubens dissecta. 31912.
Hunter, Charles,- Mammoth Hot
Springs, Wyoming : Soapstone mortar.
31466.
Hunter, William, Washington, Dis-
trict of Columbia : Plants (30855, 30903,
31820,31860,31892).
HuRTER, JiTLius, St. Louis, Missouri :
Two specimens of reptiles. Exchange.
31580.
Hutchinson, I. W., Abbeville, South
Carolina: Specimen of mouazite sand
after the reduction of the ore. 31111.
Hutton, F. W. (See under Christchurch,
New Zealand: Canterbury Museum.)
Ihering von, Dr. H., Museu Paulista,
San Paulo, Brazil: Shells from Brazil
and fossils from Santa Cruz formation,
Patagonia (30935) ; shells from Brazil
(31917).
I.riMA, Dr. I. (See under Tokyo, Japan:
Science College of the Imperial Uni-
versity.)
Ingersoll, J. C, Bowie, Maryland: One
hundred and sixty-three birds' skins
from Florida. Purchase. 31019.
Interior Department: Ten photographs
or sketches made by Mr. F. Jay
Haynes, Mammoth Hot Springs, Wyo-
ming, of scenes on the Yellowstone
National Park (32206).
United States Geological Survey, Honor-
able Charles D. Walcott, Director:
Eighty-six herbarium specimens col-
lected byF. H. Knowlton(30863); 50
plants from Colorado, collected by
F. H. Knowlton (30872); specimen of
Dryopteris acrostoides sent by Dr. G.
H. Girty (30880) ; duplicate specimens
of Upper Miocene fossils from Nan-
semoud River, near Suffolk, Virginia
(30980); specimen of wollastonite
from New Hartford, New York, and
a specimen of pyrite in schist from
Sitka, Alaska (31065) ; 63 plants from
Wyoming, collected by F. H. Knowl-
ton (31281) ; 68 specimens of minerals
from various localities (31319) ; 2
bones of Morotherium, collected by
Dr. J. S. Diller (31395) ; a collection
of rocks made by Mr. W. Lindgren in
Nevada City and Gi'ass Valley, and
252 slides (31451) ; geological material
to illustrate Prof. H. W. Turner's
paper in the Fourteenth Annual Re-
port of the U. S. Geological -Survey,
on the rocks of the Sierra Nevada
(31525) ; phosphate rock from Reeds
Gap, .luniata Coiiuty, Pennsylvania,
and Quincy, Florida (31527) ; speci-
men of psilomelane, after pyrolusite,
from Phillipsburg, Montana, col-
lected by W. H. Weed (31664) ; speci-
men of calamine from Elkhorn Mine,
Elkhorn, Montana, also collected by
Mr. Weed (31665) ; geological mate-
rial collected in Colorado by Mr.
Whitman Cross, and 2 basaltic bombs
obtained in New Mexico by Dr. R. T,
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
109
Intehiou Department — Continued.
Hill (31684); rocks from Arkansas and
sodalite-syeuito from Square Ruttc,
Montana, obtained by W. H. Weed
(31705) : trap dikes of the Lake Cham-
plain region, collected by Mr. Whit-
man Cross and Mr. J. F. Kemp
(31731); geological material from
Pikes Peak, Colorado, collected by
Mr. Whitman Cross (31732); geolog-
ical material from ( ripple Creek, Col-
orado, collected by Mr. Whitman
Cross (31733); geological material
also obtained by Mr. Cross in Gunni-
son, Colorado (31734) ; geological ma-
terial from the Tewan Mountains,
New Mexico, collected by Maj.J. W.
Powell (31735) ; 81 specimensof covel-
lite from Butte District, Montana, col-
lected by George W. Tower (31750);
270 specimens of Devonian and Car-
boniferous fossils from Montana, col-
lected by W. H. Weed (31762) ; 4 Buf-
falo heads taken from animals killed
by poachers in the Yellowstone Park
in 1894 (31777) ; collection of Paleo-
zoic rocks consisting of 214 sjieci-
mens, collected by T. AVayland
\'aughan in Oklahoma and Indian
Territories (31852) ; a series of rooling
slates from eastern New York and
western N'ermont, showing cleavage,
color A'ariation, and general physical
characteristics, collected by T. Nelson
Dale (31900) ; type specimens of (laa-
triceras hranneri and I'ronorites ci/clo-
lobus arhansieiisis Smith, transmitted
from Yale University, New Haven,
Connecticut, by Prof. H. S. Williams
(31959); specimen of galena and a
specimen of wire silvei', argentite,
and calciti; from Aspen County, Colo-
rado, collected by J. F. Spurr (31965) ;
5,545 specimens of Middle Cambrian
Medus.'e and 1,250 specimens of Mid-
dle Cambrian Trilobites, from Ala-
bama, constituting collections made
by Mr. Henry Butibrd. of Blaine, Ala-
bama, under the directiim of Mr.
Walcott (31976); 18 photographic
prints (32066) ; specimen of kaolinito
from Red Mountain, Colorado, col-
lected by Mr. Whitman Cross (32096) ;
Inteiuok Dkj*.\1{TMENT — Continued.
Carboniferous plants from Tremont,
Pennsylvania, collected bj'Mr. David
White (32168) ; type specimen of
rocks from the Leucite Hills, Wyo-
ming (32218) ; ' calcite corroded with
j>yrite, from Neihart, Meagher
County, Montana, collected by K H.
Chapman (32241). (See under T. H.
Aldrieh; Horace M. Engle; Fortieth
Paralhd Survey; (ieological Survey
of.Iapaii; .I.A.Holmes; Mrs. Moore;
Wiilets Manufacturing Company, and
F.H. Williams.)
Iowa, State rNiVER.siTY of, Iowa City,
transmitted by Prof. ('. C. Nutting:
Fifty-two microscopic slides of Plu-
mularian hydroids, collected by the
Expedition of the State University of
Iowa to the Bahamas in 1893; species
of crabs obtained by the same expedi-
tion. Exchange (32029, 32049).
Japan, Geological Survey ok, trans-
mitted from the U. S. Geological Sur-
vey : Chalcedony from Oguni village,
Oitama District, Uzen Province, Ja-
pan. 32300.
Jepson, W. L., Berkeley, California:
Fourteen specimens of Umbellifene.
31508.
Johannes, J. W., Washington, District
of Columbia : Set of birds' eggs. 31285.
Johns Hopkins University. (See un-
der .1. .J. Hooper.)
Johnson, Professor W. H. (See under
Smithsonian Institution and James
(ilaisher.)
.loHNSON, Claude M. (See under Treas-
ury Department, Bureau of Engraving
and Printing.)
JOHN.SON, C. E., Washington, District of
Columbia. Table yarn reel. 32119.
.lOHNSON, J. N., Celestia, South Caro-
lina: Specimens of pyrite crystals.
30982.
JoEiN.sTON, J. p., Washington, District of
Columbia: Worm. 31483.
Johnston, Dr. Wvatt, Montreal, Can-
ada: Specimens of Opitsthordiis sinensis.
316.53.
Jones, M. E., Salt Lake City, Utah:
Five specimens of UmboUifer.c. 31615.
'The collection includes specimens of orendite, wyomingite, wadupite, and inclu-
sions in orendite, collected by Whitman Cross .June 12, 1897. The types are
described in a manuscript published by the Geological Survey.
110
REPORT OP NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897
Jordan, Dr. D. S. (See under Fur-Seal
Investigation Commission.)
JUDSON, Mrs. ISAKELLE FlELD, Dobbs
Ferry-on-Hudson, New York. Objects
relating to tbe Atlantic telegraph cable,
etc. (32289); objects of the same char-
acter, and testimonials to Cyrus W.
Field, etc. (32290).
JuDSON, W. B., Highland Park, Cali-
fornia. Humming bird, representing
a new species of A f this from Arizona,
also nest and 2 eggs of Broad-billed
Humming bird (new to the Museum
collection). 31284.
Kane, W. G., Kansas City, Missouri:
Five specimens of biotite inclosing
muscovite, from Custor, South Dakota.
Exchange. 31116.
Kan Ko Ba, New York City : Tiger, old
Bizen ware used early in the eighteenth
century. Purchase. " N." 31935.
Kaknten, Austria: Tiroler Botani-
KER, Die Freik Vereinigung, trans-
mitted by Hans Simmer, secretary:
One hundred and eighteen lichens.
Exchange. 3088.5.
Kayser, William, Wapakoneta, Ohio:
Lepidoptera from Nevada and Ohio,
representing 30 species. 31668.
Keaney, AV. M., Desoto, Missouri:
Specimen of Ephedra trifurca. 31845.
Kearney, T. H., jr.. Department of Ag-
riculture : Fifteen plants from Tennes-
see. Exchange. 31602.
Keen, Rev. J. H., Massett, Queen Char-
lotte Islands, British Columbia : Cole-
optera, representing 8 rare species,
from Queen Charlotte Islands (ex-
change) (30856) ; 300 specimens of
coleoptera, representing 38 sjiecies
(new to the Museum collection (gift)
(31222).
Keeper, C. A. (See under Sir Alfred
Moloney.)
Kelekian, D. G., New York City : Koran,
Mosque doorknocker, Koran talisman,
dervish crouch, dervish belt buckler,
dervish alms receiver, and an Egyptian
manuscript scroll. Purchase. " N."
31915.
Kelly, J. E., New York City: Copper-
plate engraving of John Ericsson.
31310.
Kemp, J. F. (See under Interior Depart-
ment, U. S. Geological Survey.)
Kendall, W. G., Boston, Massachusetts:
Runt Pigeons. (31.59.5, 31623.)
Kenesaw Marble Company, Marietta,
Georgia : Two pieces of verde antique
marble. 31015.
Kent Scientific Institute, Grand Rap-
ids, Michigan, transmitted by C. A.
Whittemorc: Three birds' skins from
Guatemala. Exchange. 31056.
Kessler, Frank, New York City : Speci-
mens of onyx from San Luis Obispo,
California. (31927 gift); (31928 pur-
chase).
Key,Clarence, Park View, NewMexico:
Deposit obtained from melted snow.
31977.
Kiel, Germany: Zoological Institute,
transmitted by Dr. K. Brandt : Crusta-
ceans. Exchange. 31693.
Kindle, E. M., New Haven, Connecticut :
One hundred and sixty fossil plants.
Purchase. 31529.
King, Charles Dana, Wahpeton, North
Dakota: Fragments of pottery Iroiu an
old Indian camp, 6 miles south of Heart
River on the Missouri River. 31841.
Kirkland, Dr. R. J., (hand Rapids, Mich-
igan : Unios, represeuting 2 species
(31479); Unionid;e, representing 5 spe-
cies (31566) ; leeches and beetle larvie
of ruephanins lecoiitei (31600); crayfish
and leeches from Plaster Creek, Michi-
gan (31601).
KiRSCH, P. H., Indiana Commissioner of
Fisheries, Columbia City, Indiana:
Specimens of Cambarus immuvis and
Camhartis propUiquus (30894); land and
fresh-water shells, representing 15 spe-
cies (31021).
Knaus, Warren, McPhersou, Kansas:
Eight specimens of Lachnosterna calce-
ata Lecoiite from Kansas (30900) ; 2
si)ecimens of Lachnosterna hirtiventris
Horn (31190).
Knauth, E., Union Square, New York,
transmitted by G. F. Kunz : Sapphires
from Yogo Gulch, French Bar, and
elsewhere in Montana. 31070.
Knight, Prof. W. C, University of Wyo-
ming, Laramie, Wyoming: Fifty-one
specimens of Jurassic fossils and a
specimen of Cretaceous fossil, also 18
rude quartzite implements found near
Laramie. Exchange. 31767.
Knowlton, F. H., U. S. Geological Sur-
vey : Specimen of Solidago from Laurel,
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
Ill
Knowlton, F. H. — Coutinued. I
Maryland (gift) (3112")); fossil insect
(gift) (31 161 ) ; 59 birds' skins (exchange ) I
(32253). (See under R. Lee Craig; In-
terior Department, U. S. Geological
Survey.)
Kno\vi.t«)N, W. J., transmitted by Prof.
F. W. Ch'Tke, U. S. Geological Survey:
Two cut opals from (^lU'ratero, Mexico.
30949.
KxuDSEN, Waldkmar, Wainiea, Kauai,
Hawaiian Islands: Lizards from Kauai.
31771.
KxY-ScnEEUER CoMi'AXY, Xew York
City: A series of S models by Zeij^ler,
showing the developmi-nt of the brain.
Purchase. ''N." 31969.
KoEHELK, A. (See under Agriculture,
Department of.)
KoEHLKR, Dr. R, Lyons, France: Inver-
tebrates from the Gulf of Gascogne,
representing 21 species, and mollusks
representing 3 species. Exchange.
32231.
KowALEWSKi, Dr. M., Dublany pris
Leopol, Galicia, Austria: Specimens
of Bilharzia polonica, IJchinosfomiim
echinatum, Echiuontomum conoUleum,
and Echinosiomum reciircatuin. Ex-
change. 31456.
Krakpelin, Professor. (See under Ham-
burg, Germany: Hamburg Museum.)
KiiUGER, P. W., Cleveland, Ohio: In-
sects, representing 3 species. 32046.
KuNZ, G. F., New York City: An enam-
eled souvenir cup given to the ]topu-
lace by Nicolas III on the occasion of
his coronation (gift) (30901) ; specimen
of banded corundum from Georgia
(gift) (31306); Korean game of incense
or odors, Chinese filigree and carved
shell lamp and a terracotta candle-
stick, a processional cross from the
church of San Domingo, Valley of
Mexico; 75 bronze medals of the Kings
of France, and 230 antique Tassic
pastes of the eighteenth century (pur-
chase) (31365). (See under E. Knauth ;
Mathew Dunn & Co.)
KuNziE, Mrs. Helen Kane, Umatilla,
Oregon : A sculptured stone resem-
bling the head of an ape. Purchase.
31875.
Lacoe, R. D., Pittstou, Pennsylvania:
Two hundred and eight specimens of
Tertiary plants from Florissant, Colo-
Lacoe, R. D. — Continued,
rado. To be added to the "Lacoe col-
lection." 32044.
Laklkr, H. a., Dewitt, Nebraska: Spec-
imens of Apu8, Eulimnadia, and Estlie-
ria. 30907.
Lamb, F. H., Stanford University, Cali-
fornia: Three hundred and twenty-five
plants from western ^lexieo. Pur-
chase. 31314.
Laxgdale, J. W., Washington, District
of Columbia: Specimen of kaliophilite
from Monte Soiiima, Italy (gift ) (31794) ;
rocks and minerals fiom the District of
Columbia (exchange) (32228).
Laxo. Albert, Aitkin, Minnesota: Birds'
skins. Exchange (31494, 31689.)
Lartet, Ij. (See under Lyons, France:
Museum of Natural History.)
Larut, Perak, Straits Settlements:
Perak Museum, transmitted by L.
Wray,,jr. : Land aud fresh-water shells,
representing 15 species, from Straits
Settlements. 31643.
Lassimoxnk, S. E., Moulins (Allier),
France : Tw o hundred and twenty-
three jilants. Exchange. 31428.
Latciiiord. F. R., Ottawa, Canada:
Specimens of I'nio borealis. 31191.
Leary, J. L. (See under Fish Commis-
sion, U. S.)
Leche, Prof. WiLiiELM, Stockholm, Swe-
den. Crustaceans, representing 24 spe-
cies. Exchange. 31136.
Lee, W. T., University of Denver, Uni-
versity Park, California: Forty-nine
herbarium specimens. Lent. Re-
turned. 31022.
Leese, p. H., Espanola, New Mexico:
Archa'ological objects found near Santa
Clara pueblo, New Mexico. 32102.
Le Grani> Qi'AKRY Company, Marshall-
town, Iowa: Dressed cubes of building
stones, and a rock slab containing 42
perfect criuoid heads. 31826.
Leiian Pail, Allegheny, Pennsylvania:
Specimen of Attavns cecropia L. 32075.
Lehman, \V. V., Tremont, Pennsylvania:
Coal plants. (31379,31499.)
Leiberg, J. B., Department of Agricul-
ture : One hundred and fiftj-three dried
plants. Purchase. 31170. (See under
Agriculture, Department of.)
Li'.iTEi;, .lo.sEPH, Washington, District of
Columbia : Specimen of Roseate Spoon-
bill, Ajaja ujuja, from Texas. 31514.
112
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Leland Stanford Junior University.
(See under Agriculture, Department of.)
Leling, Dr. Hans, Zurich, Switzerland:
Eighty specimens of African dried
plants. 31181.
Lemke, Mrs. Elizabeth, Berlin, Ger-
many: Belt loom and distaft' from east
Prussia. Exchange. 31795.
Lendenfeld, von Prof R., Universitat,
Czernawitz, Austria : One hundred and
twenty - four microscopic slides of
sponges. Purchase. 32175.
Leonard, Miss G. L., Washington,
District of Columbia: Copper hook
found in the glacial drift on the Michi-
gan side of the Sault Ste. Marie River.
Deposit. 31411.
Lesser, J., Winston, Arizona: Meteoric
iron from Canyon Diablo, Arizona. Pur-
chase. 31107.
Lewis, E.G., Forney, Texas : Four bulbs
of Cooperia driimmondi. 31104.
Lewis, G. A., Wickford, Rhode Island:
Silvery Hair-tail, Trichvirus leptnrus
(30847); Winter Flounder Psendo-
pleuronectes americaii Hs (albino) (32041).
Lincoln, H. D., Cottage Grove, Oregon:
Specimen of Telea polyphemus Cramer.
32147.
Lindahl, Joshua. (See under Cincin-
nati Society of Natural History.)
LiNDGREN, W. (See under luterior De-
partment, U. S. Geological Survey.)
Lindsay, Mrs. Wm. (See under National
Society, D. A. R.)
Litchfield, Archibald, Braiden Town,
Florida: Specimen of Unto obesus.
31470.
Littlejohn, Chase, Redwood City, Cal-
ifornia : Four eggs of Ancient Murrelet,
Synthlihorhamjjhus antiqiuts. 31651.
LocHMAN, C. N., Bethlehem, Pennsyl-
vania: Specimens of Cytiasus scoparins
and Sisymhrium aUissimum. 31034.
Locke, Otto, New Braunfels, Texas:
Fifty specimens of Tradescantia and
Tinantia 31940.
London, England: British Museum,
transmitted by Dr. Henry Woodward :
Two plaster casts of Bison priscus (gift)
(31583) ; crabs, representing 9 species
(exchange) and crabs, representing 2
species (lent) (31482.)
Long, J. C, Jefferson, Maryland: Asbes-
tos, from Jefferson, Frederick County.
30967.
Long, M. E., Kansas City, Missouri:
Copper pike found 3 miles cast of New
London, and a copper ax found 3 miles
west of Ahnapee, Wisconsin. Ex-
change. 32245.
LooMis, L. M. (See under California
Academy of Sciences.)
LoPER, S. Ward. (See under Wesleyan
University.)
LOREXZ, John, Tremont, Pennsylvania:
Large specimen of Alethopteris sertii
(Brongn) Goepp, from Mammoth vein.
Good Spring, Pennsylvania. 32099.
Loring, J. A., Department of Agricul-
ture : Pair of Kooteuay Indian mocca-
sins, and a specimen of babiche of the
Cree Indians. 31973.
LowDERMiLK, W. H. & Co., Washington,
District of Columbia : Confederate edi-
tion of Braddon's "Lady Audley's Se-
cret." Purchase. 30943.
Lowe, H. N., Pasadena, California : Ma-
rine invertebrates and crustaceans
(31675,31792).
Lowe, Dr. J. N., Milford, New York : Two
specimens of Smeriiithus geminatus Say.
32130.
Lucas, F. A., U. S. National Museum:
Crustaceans and ascidians from Prib-
ilof Islands, 2 birds from Alaska, skulls
and skeletons of seals, collected for the
National Museum (31220,31362,31568).
LuNE, William, Mathews Court House,
Virginia: Herbarium specimen of Fil-
ago germanica L. 31137.
Lycett, Edward, Atlanta, Georgia: A
carved slab of North Carolina talc, the
carved face coated with an iridescent
glaze, supposed to be a reproduction of
the ancient murrhine of the Romans.
31784.
Lyons, France: Museum of Natural
History, L. Lartet, Director: Suuill
collection of fishes. Exchange. 31540.
McAdoo, W. G., jr.. New York City : Old-
style pistol, supposed to have been car-
ried by General Packenham at New
Orleans. Returned. 31575.
McCullock, J., Sterling, Virginia: Na-
tive copper. 30838.
McGee, W J (See under Smithsonian
Institution, Bureau of Ethnology.)
McGregor, R. C, Palo Alto, California :
Birds' skins from Colorado and Cal-
ifornia (31268, 31303, 31367).
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
113
McGciRK, J. D., EUicott City, Maryland:
relished stone inipleiuent (31G()9);
carved pipe of serpentine found in
Kentucky (31958). Deposit. (See
under William 1). Porter.)
McIi.HENNY, E. A., Averys Island. Louisi-
ana: Twenty-six birds. 31120.
McKke, S. B., Mineville, New York:
S])t'(imeus of zircon iVoiu Essex County.
31526.
McKesson & Kobbins, New York City:
Four specimens of drugs. 31825.
McMaxxen, Dr. C. T., White Springs,
Florida, transmitted by Hon. S. Pasco,
Uulinished Indian arrowhead found in
a field near the Suwance Kiver. 32057.
MacMillan, C, Minuea])olis, Minnesota:
Two hundred and fourteen dried plants.
Exchange. 31032.
McMillan, P. A., Banyan, Florida:
Specimen of White-tailed Kite, Elanus
leucurus. 31477.
Macoun, J., Geological Survey of Can-
ada, Ottawa, Canada Plants from
Pribilofand Bering islands. Gift and
Exchange (31502, 31938, 32051).
MaC(^un, J. M., Geological Museum,
Ottawa, Canada: Skeleton of a sea-
otter. Exchange. 31916.
Manchester, England: Manchester
MfSEUM, Owens College, trans-
mitted by William E. Hoyle, Keeper.
Fifty-fonr species of Carboniferous fos-
sils, illustrating a paper by Mr. H. Bol-
ton, entitled "'The Lancashire Coal
Measures,"' and read before the New
York Academy of Sciences. 32277.
Man.sfield Memorial Museum, Mans-
field. Ohio, transmitted by E. Wilkin-
son, curator: Insects, representing 24
species from Mexico. 31624.
Masius, a. G., Department of Agricul-
ture: Specimen of Thahsia uniflora.
32111.
Maklatt, C. L., Department of Agricul-
ture: Ninety specimens of Cynipid;e,
representing 21 species. 31768.
Maj:.sh, W. a., Aledo, Illinois: Unios
(31298,31410).
Marshall, George, Laurel, Maryland:
Two plants collected for the National
Museum. 32281.
Marshall, H. K., Laurel, Maryland:
Specimen of Sciurua hudaoniua. 32123.
NAT MUS 97 8
Mason, Prof. O. T., U. S. Naticmal Mu-
seum : Steel engraving of a portrait of
Benjamin Hallowel. 31630.
Masterman, E. E., New Loudon, Ohio:
Three photographs of a Great Horned
Owl. 31418.
Matschie, Dr. Paul. (See under Berlin,
Germany: Koyal Zoological Museum.)
Matthew, Dr. G. F., St. John, New
Brunswick, Canada: Two speciuiv^ns of
MicrodiscHSschucherti Matthew. 31424.
Maxwell, Hugh, St. George, West Vir-
ginia: Sjjeciuien of dust obtained by
melting so-called "black snow" which
fell in Tucker County. 31834.
Maynakd, G. C. (See under Telegrajihic
Historical Society of North America.)
Mead, G. B., San Francisco, California:
Eight birds' skins. 32178.
Meadok, J. F., Pha»nix, Arizona: Speci-
men of Melittia gloriosa H. Edwards.
31806.
Mearns, Dr. Edgar A., U. S. A., Fort
Myer, \'irginia: Nine herbarium si)e(i-
lueus of Tradiscanlia and lJmbellifera>,
from Minnesota (30892) ; 6 specimens of
I'eromy>icii8 leucopus and 2 crayfishes
(30923); the feet of a Moose {Alcea
machli8 = Alee alcca) from Two Rivers,
Minnesota (30925) ; 300 plants, fishes,
72 birds' skins, reptiles, insects, shells,
mammal skins, marine invertebrates,
and alcoholic birds from New York
(31110); specimen of ('upripedhim par-
vijiorum (32216) ; collection of plants,
birds' skins, reptiles, turtle, dry-land
and fresh-water shtdls, birds, crusta-
ceans, mammal skins, small collection
of fishes from New York (31250) ; land,
fresh-water shells and inollusks. repre-
senting 19 species, from New York
(31312); reptiles and batrachians from
Maryland and Virginia (31480) ; Unios
fiom Fort Snelliug, Minnesota, repre-
senting 2 species (31986) ; photograph
of tlie discharge of David Niles, ser-
geant in the American Army, signed by
George Washington and Jonathan
Trumbull, jr., .June 13, 1783 (32033);
specimen of MicrotHs pennaylvanicus
from the Smithsonian grounds (32142);
snake and a tree-toad (32154).
Mearns, Master Louis di Zere(;a, Fort
Myer. Virjiinia: Specimen of Microlus
jnnetorum, in the flesh (31538) ; 3 skins
114
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Mearns, Master Louis r>i Zerega — C't'd.
and skulls of Microtus aud 3 skins aud
skulls of Peromysciis (31578).
Meder, Fehd, New York City: Book en-
titled " Verzeichniss von Photo-
graphien nach Werken der Malerei,"
Berlin. Purchase. 31805.
Medford, H. C, Tupelo, Mississippi :
Left valve of a specimen of Unto
muhipHcatus. 31822.
Meek, Prof. S. E., care U. S. Fish Com-
mission: Specimen of JJaliactus leuco-
cephalua from Idaho (31610) ; specimen
of Cariaciis (31619) : t-ollectiou of tishes
from the Bay of Naples (32197).
Meeker, Grace, Ottawa, Kansas: Two
spiicimensof Dauciiscarotaaud Flantago
lanceolata. 30881.
Meinert, Dr. F. (See under Copenhagen,
Denmark: Zoological Museum.)
Mel, Miss Nelly, Ulenwood, California:
Specimen of Honackia glabra Torr.
30862.
Mell, p. H., Auburn, Alabama: Eleven
dried plants. Exchange. 31173.
Mencuini, L., Washington, District of
Columbia, transmitted by L. Amateis:
Model ill plaster of the Venus de Milo.
31189.
Mekitt, Prof. J. W., Central Point, Ore-
gon, transmitted by C. R. Biedcrman:
Pipe found in a lava fort where General
Canby was killed by the Modoc Indians.
31682.
Merriam, Dr. C. Hart, U. S. Depart-
ment of Agriculture : Photograph of a
specimen of Rhododendron caiawbienae
(31922) ; 2 specimens of Pseudotsuga
mucronata, from near Barclay, Utah
(32094); 38 specimens of dried plants
from Oregon (31232).
Merrill, G. P., U. S. National Museum:
Alcoholic specimen of Star-nosed Mole,
Condylura cristata, from Orono, Maine
(30924); 2 photographs of Italian
women carrying coal (30944); geolog-
ical material from Maine and California
(30972) ; fresh and decomposed ser})en-
tine from Broad Creek Quarries, Har-
ford County, Maryland (31062) ; speci-
mens of argillite and residual clay from
Peach Bottom slate quarries, Cambria,
Maryland (31096) ; geological material
from Frederick, Maryland (311.52);
fresh and decomposed soapstone from
near Fostoria, Virginia (31275) j fresh-
Merrill, G. p. — Continued.
weathered and disintegrated dolomite
from South Dover, New York (31753) ;
3 models of edged weapons from Upper
India (gift) (31824); fresh and weath-
eredlimeslone (marble) from Egremont,
near (ireat Barrington, Massachusetts
(31864). Collected for the National
Museum. (See under Ericson Brothers.)
Merrill, Dr. J. C, U. S. A., Fort Sher-
man, Idaho, transmitted by Major
Bendire: Birds' skins, birds' eggs and
nests from Idaho (30889, 31080, 31218).
Merrill, L. H., Orono, Maine: Two pho-
tographs of Indian children. 32189.
Merritt, W. a., Washington, District of
Columbia: Eggs of Corvits ossif vagus
from District of Columbia. 31925.
Metcalfe, James, Silver City, New Mex-
ico : Specimen of Androsace occidentalis.
31861.
Miller, Fannie, Mount Carmel, Penn-
sylvania: Pyrite with coal. 31617.
Miller, Dr. G. A., Department of Agri-
culture: Specimen of Oholaria rirginica
from Maryland (32215); specimen of
Ljicopodium inundatum from Maryland
(32285).
Mills, R. A., Chuluota, Florida: Two
reptiles from Florida, puparium of
Rabbit Bot-fly, Cuterebra cuniciili
(30912) ; 2 sxiecimens of Sun-tish, Eu-
pomotis holhrooki (31439).
MiLLspAUGH, C. F. (See under Field
Columbian Museum. )
MiNDELEFF, CosMOS, Washington, Dis-
trict of Columbia : Fire-sticks of Nava-
jo Indians from San Juan, New Mex-
ico. 30945.
Minnesota, University of, Minneap-
olis, Minnesota : Six plants from the
United States and Europe (gift)
(32225).
Herbarium of the Unirersity of Minnesota:
64 plants (exchange) (31998).
Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis,
Missouri, transmitted by Prof. William
Trelease, director : Ten specimens of
Tradeacantia and allied genera. 31041.
Mitchell, G. E. & C. W. Richmond, U. S.
National Museum: Eighteen birds'
skins from Nicaragua. 31769.
Mitchell, Hon. J. D., Victoria, Texas:
Larva of Serphus dilatatus aud marine
invertebrates (31030); land aud fresh-
water shells, representing 5 species
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
115
MiTCiiKLL, Hon. J. D. — Contiuued.
from Texas (31171); traiisinitted by J.
E. Henedict, toad (31524); luollusks,
representing 4 species I'roiu Texas
(31787); ernstaceans, snake and toads
(31804); 4 specimens of Atta fervens
Say (32085); 7 specimens of (iolden
Tortois-beeetle, Cojilocijcia aurlchalcra
Fab. (32124); larva' of Tliccla poas
iiiibner, lizard and a toad (32226).
MOHK, Dr. Chaulks, Mobile, Alabama:
Nine plants from Alabama. 31113.
(See under Agriculture, Department
of.)
Moloney, Sir Alkrep, Belize, British
Honduras, transmitted by C. A. KettVr:
Kock containing fossil foraminifera"
(30933); specimens of gypsum and
niarlde (31026).
MoOKE, Mrs., Corning, New York, trans-
mitted by U. S. Geological Survey :
Specimen of Diclyophyton tuberosum.
3163S.
MoOKE, C. B., Philudelpbia, I'cnnsyl-
vania: Large burial-urn found on Ossa-
baw Island, Georgia. 31474.
MooRK, Hettie a., Pasadena, California :
Marine shells from California, rc[)re-
sentiug 11 species. .30963.
MooRE, Mrs. L. D., Huntsville, Alabama:
Piece of rock showing natural weather-
ing from >b)nte Sana, near Huntsville,
and two photographic views showing
rocks i)i situ. 31846.
Morgan, Dr. E. L., Washington, District
of Columbia: Monkey and sciuirrel
(31205, 3224(1) .
MoRciAN, H. i)E. (See under J. de Mor-
gan.)
Morgan, J. de., Gizeh Museum, Egypt,
transmitted by H. de Morgan : Two
hundred and fifty-two specimens, rep-
resenting a series of prehistoric stone
implements from Egyi>t. Exchange.
31407.
Morkell, C. H., Pittsfield, Maine: Eggs
of (Jiiiscalus qmscnla nneus and of Cor-
n(8 americaniis. 31718.
Morrill, H. K., Gardiner, Maine: S)teci-
men of Ccniaiina nUjru and a 8j)ecinien
of Digitalis ambii/iia (30016); specimen
of Digitalis ambigiia (31103); dried
plant (31276).
' The wheel belonged to Dr. Goode's gr;
and suggested to him the disign for the b
MORKISON, .1. IL, Luray, Virginia: Two
huiulred and twenty-one specimens of
Trenton fossils. 32013.
Morton, F. S., Portland, Maine: Speci-
mens of worms, belonging to the
Family Terebellida', and three speci-
mens of I'ecten viagellanicus Gmel.
31894.
Moss, William, Ashton-under-Lyne,
England : Photographs illustrating the
anatomy of land-snails (32180); alco-
holic specimens of Jnodonta cygnea
(32275).
Mullen, B. H. (See under Salford, Lan-
cashire, England; Royal Museum, Sal-
ford.)
Miller, Baron Ferd von, Melbourne,
Australia: Plants. Exchange. (31088,
31040,31266.)
Mi'MHKiE, D. P., Helena, Montana:
Bones of a large Dinosaur, and a speci-
men of Scapliites voitricosa M. A H.
32047.
MuNDT, A. H., Fairbury, Illinois: Para-
sitic copepod taken from a carp. 32188.
MusKE d'Histoire Naturelle. (See
under Geneva, Switzerland.)
Museum of Comparathk Zoology,
Cambridge, Massachusetts: Types of
new s])ecies of craytish, describeil by
Mr. Walter Faxon. 30994.
Museum ok Natural History. (See
under Paris, France.)
Namiye, M., Zoological Institute, Science
College, Imperial I'niversity, Tokio, Ja-
pan, through Dr. Leouhard Stejneger:
Specimen of Cicada leerhi Dist., de-
scribed from China, and Cicada Jlammata
Dist., described from Japan. 31-190.
National Society, Daughters of the
American Revolution ; transmitted by
Mrs. William Lindsay: Autograph
dinner invitation of Thomas .Jell'erson
and a pliotogra])h showing folding of
the same; a forty-dollar bill of the
United Colonies, 1778, presented by
Mrs. Eleanor Holmes Lindsay; letter
of (J. I'.rown Goode, dated .Inly 3, 1896;
engraved portrait of Israel Putnam. ])re-
seiited by his great, great granddaugh-
ter, Miss Emily N. Walker (32011) ; spin-
ning wheel presented to the society by
G. Brown Goode (32039)' ; pewter plate,
vndfather during the Revolutionary war,
adge adopted by the Society in 1890.
116
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
National Society — Continued.
one of a set from which bullets were
made for use during the Revolutionary
war, also 2 photographs of Mrs. Har-
riet Perry Stafford, of Cottage City,
Massachusetts, who presented the plate
to the society (31371); silverteastrainer
owned by Wildred Washington, aunt
of George Washington, shirt and mit
worn by William Woodford at his
christening about 1760, a candle from
Yorktown, Virginia, and one from Ger-
mantown, Pennsylvania, in use during
the Revolutionary war, letter of Wil-
liam Woodford dated Bethlehem, Octo-
ber 6, 1777, and a specimen of Conti-
nental money, eight dollars of the issue
of 1775 (31488); china punchbowl of
India ware that belonged to Col. R. H.
Harrison, aid-de-camp to General Wash-
ington, presented by Elizabeth Sinclair
Jones, and a china cup of India ware
150 years old, presented by Mrs. Ste-
phen J. Field (31611.) Deposit.
Nebraska, University of, Lincoln,
Nebraska; transmitted by Prof. E. H.
Barbour: Five tablets of mounted
small specimens of Dicmonelix, 2 speci-
mens of Dicmonelix and 10 structural
specimens of the same. Purchase.
31498.
Nelson, Aven, Agricultural Experiment
Station, Laramie, Wyoming: Thirteen
specimens of Wyoming Umbellifene
(gift) (31350); 125 specimens of dried
plants (exchange) (31933). (See Agri-
culture, Department of.)
Nelson, E. W., Mexico, Mexico; trans-
mitted by Mrs. N. M. Brown : Two
hundred and seventy-five Mexican
plants (purchase) (30898); 25 plants
from Mexico (purchase) (30899); 213
Eskimo ethnological objects (purchase)
(31796); 138 plants from Mexico (pur-
chase) (31217); 21 Mexican plants
(gift) (31648).) (See under Agriculture,
Department of.)
Nesmith, H. M., Buffalo Gap, Texas:
Oxidized septarian nodule. 32211.
Neville, E. A., Austin, Texas: Egg of a
whjte-necked raven. 31579.
New Brunswick Red Granite Com-
pany, Calais, Maine: Specimens of
granite from Calais, and New Bruns-
wick, Canada. 31849.
Newhall, W. H., U. S. National Museum :
Specimen of Cyanocitta cristata from
Falls Church, Virginia. 31953.
Newsam, Frank, Mapleton, Illinois:
Block of bituminous coal containing
large fragments of mineral charcoal.
Deposit. 30939.
Nicholson, Prof. H. A., University of
Aberdeen, Scotland: Geological mate-
rial from England and Scotland. 32141.
Niven & Hopping, New York City:
Badger skin and skull from Tulare
County, California. Purchase. 31012.
NoBiLi, Joseph. (See under Turin,
Italy: Royal Zoological Museum.)
Nordstrom, O. F., I'unxsutawney,
Pennsylvania : Two specimens of
Epeirafasciata. 31807.
North, H.N., Government Hospital for
the Insane, Washington, District of
Columbia: Four snakes (gift) (32251);
drilled ceremonial object (deposit)
(31450).
NozAWA, S., Sapporo, Japan : Collection
of reptiles, batrachians, and fishes
from Yezo Island. 31755.
Nutt, David, London, England: Rux-
torf's Rabbinical Bible, in two vol-
umes. Purchase. 31132.
Nutting, Prof. C. C. (Sea under Iowa,
State University of.)
Ogburn, Burt, Phopnix, Arizona: Three
pieces of cane or reed, and fragments of
string or yarn found in a cave near Phav
nix (31539) ; fragments of three shell-
rings from Arizona (31742) ; specimen
of painted pottery found on an ancient
ruin in the Salt River Valley (;31967).
Oldroyd, Mrs. T. S., Los Angeles, Cali-
fornia: Six shells from San Pedro
(31430); coral from California (31978).
Olds, Henry, Woodside, Maryland:
Specimens of Ammannia koehnei and
Qnercifs pahistris. 31124.
Olmstead, Mrs. S. H., care Prof. F. W.
Clarke, U. S. Geological Survey : Poster
of an early stage-coach used iu the year
1821. 31702.
Olnev, Mrs. M. P., Spokane, Washington :
Shells, representing two species. 31629.
Oregon Agricultural College, Cor-
vallis, Oregon, transmitted by Prof. A.
B. Cordley: Cmh [Pinnotheres). 32266.
OsBORN, Dr. E. H., Kansas City, Kansas:
Specimen of Corydalus cornntus Linn.
32271.
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
117
OSBOUN, Prof, jr., Ames, Iowa: Type
8i)eoiiiieu8 rcprestniting twenty species
of beniiptera auil hoiiioptcra. SI")!!*.
OsiJOUN, I'rof. II. L. (See under Ham-
line University.)
Osgood, W. H., Department of Aj^ricnl-
tiire. Skin of Marsh Wren from Ari-
zoua. 32034.
OsTERHOVT. G. E., New Windsor, Colo-
rado : Plants (31960, 32071, 32121 ).
Oxford, En(;land: Oxford Univkk-
SITY MrsEiM ; transmitted by Dr. E. S.
Goodrich : Cast of Siyhcuodon pitnrtdtiis,
and three casts of Sttmesfitld fossil
mammals. Exchange. 31121.
Packard, R. L. (See under William
Black.)
Palm, Charles, New York City: Twenty-
seven sjjecimens of coleoptera from
Costa Rica. 31327.
Palmer, Edward, Washington, District
of ('olnml)ia: Eighthundred andseven-
ty Mexican plants (31710); collection
of objects illustrating puhpie making
and the manufactureof pottery (31809).
(See under Agriculture, Department
of.)
Palmer, T. Ciialklry, Media, Pennsyl-
vania: Two specimens of dried ])lants
from Maryland. 31122.
Palmer, William, U. S. Njitional Mu-
seum: Specimen oi Adelotnivlcris fuHcus
(30968) ; specimen of Vcxpcrtilio liicifu-
gu8 from Four Mile Run, Virginia
(31020) ; two specimens of Microtits and
a specimen of Vesperitgo caroHurnsis
(31043) ; waterproof cap made from Sea-
lion gut, and a bag of gut from St. Paul
Island, Bering Sea (31130); 16 mam-
mals, representing 4 genera from Ilanip-
stead. King George County, Virginia
(31356) ; two specinieus of Sciurnti caro-
linenaia and a specimen of Putorius
norehoracennis (31513) ; sjiecimen of
Oceauodroma criiHtolvncurafTinw the Dis-
trict of Cidumbia (317.52) ; 2 snakes .ind
3 lizards, mammals, land shells, 2 speci-
mens of Lark Finch, ChondesteH gram-
maca, from Nashville, Tennessee
(32105) ; beetle, 2 spiders and a myria-
pod (32171) ; 9 reptiles and batracdiians
from Great Falls, Virginia (32182); 4
snakes and 2 frogs from Virginia.
(32256.) Collected for the National
Museum.
I'AMMEL, L. H,, Ames, Iowa: One hun-
drc.l and one plants (gift) (31671); 212
plants (exchange) (32000).
Pa RET, T. D., Stroudsburg, Pennsyl-
vania : Specimens of garnet from near
New Hope, California. 31662.
Paris, France: Museum of Natural
History; transmitted by Prof. E. H.
Bouvier : Crabs, representing728pecies.
Exchange. 32112.
Parish, S. B., San Bernardino, Califor-
nia: One hundred and nine specimens
of dried plants (exchange) (31033); 100
dried plants (])urcha8e) (31536); speci-
men of Atriplej- conpertifolia (gift)
(31745); specimen oi' I' haceli a ianaceti-
folia (gift) (32070).
Parker, E. W. (See under Savannah
Mining Company.)
Parmenter, C. S. (See under Baker
University.)
Paschal, .1. W., U. S. Pension Office,
W;ishington, District of Columbia:
I'hotograph of Maria Paschal, a Chero-
kee Indian girl. 31949.
Pasco, Hon. S. (See under Dr. C. T.
McMauntn.)
Patterson, Rose, San .lose, California:
Insects, consisting principally of hy-
menoptera. 31537.
Pail, Col. Augustus C, National Sol-
diers' Home, Virginia: Sword, present-
ed to Gen. Gabriel K. Paul by tlie <iti-
zens of St. Louis, Missouri, at the close
of the Mexican war. Deposit. 31361.
Peabody Museum, Yale University,
New Haven, Connecticut; transmitted
by Prof. A. E. Verrill : Two crabs
{Lopltoxanthus frontalis) from Califor-
nia. Exchange. 31885.
Pearce, C. W., Arcadia, Florida: Four
mammal skins and 13 birds' skins
from Florida. 31192.
Pearsox, W. H., Nutsford, near ]Man-
chester, England: Two hun<lred ami
ninety plants. Purchase. 31.5.58.
Peek, Amos, Ced:ir Blufis, Kansas:
Specimen of Cuscuta epitln/minu ^lur-
ray. 30919.
Perak Museum. (See under Lanit, Pe-
rak. Straits Settlements.)
Perkins, L., Baxter Springs, Kansas:
Specimen of Cliioria ternaiea L. 31203.
Philadelphia Academy of Sciences,
Philadeliihia, Pennsylvania: Eleven
herbarium specimens. 31724.
118
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Phillips, A. G., Johannesberg, Trans-
vaal, South Africa: Garnets, obsidian,
and zircon from Monastery Mine,
Transvaal. 31523.
Phillips, Dr. W. A., Evanston, Illinois:
Stone implements illustrating the
process of flaking. 31837.
PiLSHRY, H. A., Academy of Natural Sci-
euces, Philadelphia, Pennsyh'ania:
Tuios representing two sjiecies. 31018.
Pine, Geokge, Aripeka, Florida: Speci-
mens of PoZ.(/.'7.'/''« and C!frenoidea{32Qr>9) ;
shells representing three species from
south Florida (32137).
PiNKERTON, Mrs. S. E., Washington, Dis-
trict of Columbia: Copy of the "New
York Herald " containing an account
of the assassination of President Lin-
coln. Deposit. 32083.
Piper, C. V., Seattle, Washington:
Twenty-two specimens of Umbellifera^
(gift) (31194); 200 specimens of dried
plants (exchange) (31.326) ; 20 speci-
mens of Salices (exchange) (31433).
PoEY, F., Tampa, Florida: Larval cases
of Helicopayche, minerals, fresh- water,
marine, and miscellaneous land-shells
from Cuba, teeth and epidermis of a
shark, portion of cranium and spine of
a lish, skulls of 2 bats, 2 feet of a small
mammal, corals, and fossils. Purchase.
31165.
Pollard, C.L., U. S. National Museum:
Plants (31238, 31416).
PoLOCK, M., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
Title-page, etc., of Aitken's New Testa-
ment. Exchange. 30995.
Pope, Capt. J. W., U. S. A., Bismarck,
North Dakota : Fragment of a human
skull found in an Indian mound. 31215.
Porter, T. C, Eastou, Pennsylvania:
Two specimens of Trillium from Penn-
sylvania and New York. Exchange.
32239.
Porter, W. D., Evanston, Illinois, trans-
mitted by Hon. .T. D. McGuire: Catlin-
ite pipe-head from Wisconsin. 31231.
Powell, Maj. J. VV. (See under Interior
Department, U. S. Geological Survey.)
Prentiss, D. W., jr., Washington, Dis-
trict of Columbia : Dormouse (Miis car-
dinas) from Interlaken, Switzerland
(gift) (31206) ; 10 moles from Germany
(gift) (31209) ; 11 birds' skins from Dis-
mal Swamp, Virginia (collected for the
National Museum) (32263) ; long raw-
Prentiss, D. W., jr. — Continued,
hide line and 12 squirrel traps from
Point Hope, Alaska (collected for the
National Museum) (32270); 9 mammal
skins with skulls, 5 mammal skulls,
hind foot of an opossum, part of a ro-
dent, 3 young birds, specimen of Camha-
rus hlandiugii Erichson, shells, insects,
sand, and water from the edge of Lake
Druumiond, birds' eggs and nest, 12
reptiles and batrachians, and fishes
from the Dismal Swamp, Virginia (col-
lected for theNationalMuseum)(32274).
Price, R. H., College Station, Texas : Ten
plants. 32210.
Price, W. W., Stanford University, Cali-
fornia: Pair of Sierra Nevada Gros-
beak, Pinicola eruiclcator culifornica.
32011.
Prince Manufacturing Company, New
York City : Raw and burnt ore from
Bowman's, Prince, Pennsylvania.
31001.
Pringlr, C. G., Charlotte, Vermont:
Thirty-two type specimens of plants
from Mexico (31507); 320 Mexican
plants collected in 1896, 78 miscellane-
ous plants (31627). Purchase.
Pringle, H. N., Anoka, Minnesota: Con-
cretions (31008) ; 8 specimens of Inocc-
ramus from the Cretaceous formation
(31027).
Proudfit, S. v., Washington, District of
Columbia: Miscellaneous collection of
stone implements from Virginia and
the District of Columbia. 31774.
Provincial Museum. (See under Vic-
toria, British Columbia.)
PULLiAM, R. R., Lewisburg, West Vir-
ginia: Monkey-faced Yellow Spider,
Miaumena rosea. 30878.
Quebec, Canada: Crown Lands, De-
partment of, transmitted by E. E.
Tache. Assistant Commissioner: Two
specimens of Salvelitnis of/iiassa mars-
ioni from Chenier Township, Rimouski
County, Quebec. 31320.
Railliet, Prof. A., L'l^cole Vet^rinaire,
Alfort, France: Parasitic worms con-
sisting of specimens of Stilcsia^ centri-
jjunvtata, Strongyhis Hpathiger, Tamia
cantaniana, and Fasciola hepatica var.
anf)usta. Exchange. 31457.
Ralph, Dr. W. L., Utica, New York : Five
birds from the western st^ction of the
United States. Presented to the Smith-
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
119
Kali'II, Dr. W. L. — Continued,
soniiin Institution and depositedin the
National Museum. 32007.
Kambo, M. Elmkr, Philadelphia, Penn-
sylvania : Specimen of I 'ori/daliis cornu-
iua (30834) ; specimens of J-l»chna heron
Fab. (32183).
liAxnoLPH, P. B., Seattle, Washington:
Land-shells, representing three species.
31786.
Kam>om, Gilbert, Hnrley, Wisconsin:
Sixty-one plants. 31083.
Kansdkll, J. W., Middletowu, Cal-
ifornia: Specimen of Bnpiestis laula
Leeonte. .32097.
Rathray, Rev. K. F., Washington, Dis-
trict of Columbia: Specimens of Epi-
phragmophora jide1\8, from Puget Sound.
31.518.
Rect»)H, .!., Washington, District of Co-
lumbia: Cell of Porter Wasp, Eumenes
f rater na Say. 32249.
Re<;ca, Mrs. E. M., New York City : White
metal miniature models of the Viking
ship and the Santa Maria. 3211.5.
Rkii), C. H., Flagstaff, Arizona, trans-
mitted by Dr. H. E. Fernow : Specimen
of TliuapiaJpesire. 32035.
li'K.MCK, A. B., Truckee, California: Min-
eral. 31139.
Ketiierkori), W. O., Tipton, California:
Two-tailed lizard from California
(31561); beetles — Ptinid and Dermes-
tid — ro]>resenting 2 species from Cali-
fornia (3176S); 19 beetles (32052).
Peverchon, .1., Dallas, Texas: Herba-
rium specimen of Lactuca scartoJa L.
30867.
IfiCE, Miss S. T., Worthington, Massa-
chusetts: Specimen o{ (lentiaiia ci'inita
(albino). 31228.
Pkhards, Ei-ias, New Orleans, Louis-
iana: Spade-like implement. Ex-
change. 31140.
Plcn.MoM), C. W., U. S. National Mu-
seum: Eighteen Idrds' skins from Nica-
ragua. 31769.
i;i(K,sE(KER, A. E., Oberliu, Ohio: Five
hundred plants from Danish West
Indies. Purchase. 31.500.
Hideout, B. S., Norway, Maine: Speci-
men of trap-dike in granite. Pnr-
chase. 31701.
RiDGWAY, Robert, U. S. National Mu-
seum: Carolina Paroquet from Floiida
(31173); Scarlet Tanager, I'innnio ir>i
RiDGWAY, Robert — Continued.
thromelas (31329); two specimens of
American Crossbill, Loxia ciirvirostra
minor, from Brookland, District of Co-
lumbia (31589).
RiDGWAY, Dr. T. E., Washington, Dis-
trict of Columbia: Autograph letter
ter from General Washington to (Quar-
termaster-General (Jreene, from Head-
quarters, Middlebrook, December 15,
1778, ordering that supplies be pro-
vided and deposited at Albany. De-
posit. Returned. 31521.
Riley, .J. H., Falls Church, Virginia : Set
of eggs of Broadwinged Hawk, Biiteo
latissiiHK.s (31178) ; set of eggs of White-
breasted Nuthntch and an egg of Broad-
winged Hawk from Virginia (31246);
10 birds' skins from Virginia (32026).
Robertson, Charles, Carlinville, Illi-
nois, transmitted by D. W. Coquillett :
Thirteen sjieciineus of North American
diptera, representing types of nine
species by Townsend and Coquillett.
30971.
Robinette, F., Falls Church, Virginia:
Nest of Parula Warbler, Compsothhiins
americana, from \'irginia. 32177.
Robinette, G. W., Flag Pond, Virginia:
Unios, representing seven snecieH.
31208.
Robinette, .1. D., Flag Pond, Virginia:
Unios from southwestern ^'irginia.
(31013, 31051).
Robinson, Dr. B. L., Gniy Herbarium,
Cambridge, Massachusetts: Twenty-
two fragments of i)lants, priucip.illy
from Mexico. Exchange. 31211.
Robinson, Lieut. Wirt, U.S.A., Hubbard
Park, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Al-
bino Nighthawk, C ho rdciles Virginian its.
from Virginia. 31153.
RoBiNso.v, W. R., Wingina, Virginia:
Runt egg of Field Sparrow, from Nel
son County. 31059.
RocKiiiLL, Hon. W. W., Assistant Secre
tary of State: Korean idol obtained by
Dr. H. N. Allen. Purchase. 31129.
(See under Alfred E. Hippisley.)
Root & Field, Kilboume, Illinois: Spec-
imen of Telea pohijihvmits Cramer.
.32150.
ROREBECK, C. G., Falls Church. X'irginia :
Eight reptiles from Virginia Beaili.
31295.
120
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Rose, J. N., U. S. National Museum:
Specimen of Allamanda 7ierifolia
(30918); 2 specimens of Hibiscus muta
bilis (31036) ; 30 plants (31354) ; speci-
men of Agave and a specimen of Coop-
eria (32198) ; 17 herbarium specimens
from El Paso, Texas (32255). Collected
for the Herbarium.
Rose, O. G., San Rafael, California : Two
skins of Nuttall's Woodpecker, Bryo-
hates nuttalli. 31557.
ROTHKOCK, Thomas, Howard, Pennsylva-
nia: Specimen of Gillenia trifoUata
(31031) ; cocoon of Cecropia Silk-moth
(31923) ; specimen of Porteranthus tri/of-
liatus (32217).
Royal Academy of Science and Arts.
(See under Barcelona, Spain.)
RoYAX Museum. (See under Salford,
Lancashire, England. )
Royal Museum of Natural History.
(See under Berlin, Germany.)
Royal Natural Hlstory Society
Hofmuseum. (See under Vienna, Aus-
tria.)
Royal Zoological Museum. (See un-
der Berlin, Germany.)
Royal Zoological Museum. (See un-
der Turin, Italy.)
Rubin, C. A., Washington, District of
Columbia: Insects (30947); mammals
(30986, 31075).
Ruff, J. A., Cincinnati, Ohio: Galls of
Neurotenis saltatorius. 30991.
RuMSEY, Thomas, transmitted by Dr. G.
Brown Goode : Pamphlet entitled "A
short treatise on the application of
steam,'' by James Rumsey of Virginia,
printed in Philadelphia in 1788. Pur-
chase. 31315.
Rumsey, W. E., Morgantown, West Vir-
ginia: Specimen of Capnoides flantlum.
32058.
RusBY, H. H., New York City: Two hun-
dred and thirty-six Venezuelan plants
(31003) ; 317 plants from Bolivia (30875) ;
74 specimens of Yucatan plants (31716).
Purchase.
Rush, R. C, Hudson, Ohio: Unionidse
(32267, 32299).
Rush, Dr. W. H., U. S. N., League Island
Navy- Yard: Land and fresh- water
shells from the eastern coast of South
America, representing about forty
species, principally newly described
or rare. Exchange. 32280.
Russell, Prof. I. C, Ann Arbor, Michi-
gan: Fresh basalt and residual soil
from southeastern Washington. 31530.
Rutter, Prof. Cloud, Stanford Univer-
sity, California: Specimen of Sequoia
sempervirens and a specimen of Tumion
californicum. 31142.
Ryduerg, p. a.. New York City: Two
hundred and thirty-three plants from
Montana (purchase) (31932) ; 5 spec-
imens of Umbelliferte (gift) (32110);
164 specimens of dried plants, collected
byMr.Flodman^i)urchase) (32173). (See
under Agriculture, Department of.)
Sabine, G. W., House of Representatives :
Twenty-one birds' skins from Nebras-
ka. Exchange. 31400.
St. John's College. (See under Shang-
hai, China.)
Salford, Lancashire, England : Royal
Museum, Peel Park, England, trans-
mitted by B. H. Mullen, curator: Eth-
nological and archaeological objects.
Exchange. 30865.
Sanshodo, New York City : Bronze Bud-
dha, by Suzuki Chokichi and an alms
bowl made of old bronze (31908) ; por-
celain dog of Kutani ware (31937).
Purchase. "N."
Sardeson, Dr. F. W., University of Min-
nesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota: Sha-
kopee fossils, representing 2 species,
and 21 specimens of St. Peter fossils,
representing 9 species. Exchange.
31726.
Sargent, C. S., Jamaica Plains, Massa-
chusetts: Eighty-three plants. Ex-
change. 31721.
Saunders, W. G., Newbridge, Oregon:
Specimens of Mantispa hrunnea Say, a
nenropterous insect belonging to the
family Hemerobiidse. 31808
Savage, M. A., New York City: Fire-
syringe from Java (30845) ; collection
of foreign matches (31372).
Savannah Mining Company, Dillsboro,
North Carolina, transmitted by E. N.
Parker: Corundum. 32117.
Sayers, Mrs. J. D., Washiugttm, District
of Columbia : Collection of stone imple-
ments, shell ornaments, and fragments
of human bones, found while excava-
ting for ponds at the U. S. Fish Com-
mission Station, San Marcos, Texas;
fossils and mammal bones from the
same locality. Exchange. 31778.
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
121
ScHAUPP, F. G., Shovel Mount, Texas:
Two specimens of Tradescantia. 31996.
SciiiNZ, Prof. Hans. (See under Zurich,
Switzerland: Botanical Garden.)
SCUMID, E. S. Washington, District of
Columbia: Serin Finch, in the liesh
(31146) ; Paroquet from South America,
in the flesh (31269); Paroquet, in the
flesh (31271) ; 2 Canary birds (32080).
Schneider, Louis, Philadelphia, Penn-
sylvania: Collection of ivory clubs.
Purchase. 31138.
ScHOENFELT, J. B,, Doujilas, Wyoming:
Specimen of gypsum. 31010.
ScHONLAXD, Dr. S. (See under Grahams-
town, South Africa, Albany Museum.)
SCHTCHERT, CHARLES, U. S. National
Museum: Collection of Oligocene fos-
sils from Red Bluff, Mississippi (31230) ;
Unios from Shubuta, Mississippi
(31241); skeleton of Dorudon from
near Dead Level, Alabama (3137(5) ;
Claiborne shells (31377); Zeiujlodon
bones and Jackson formation shells
(31378); geological material from Ala-
bama (31385); Zeuglodon material and
sliells from near Fail, Choctaw County,
Alabama (31449); boat-shaped object
from near Rescueville, Alabama (31.")11) ;
200 herbarium specimens from Alabama
and Mississippi (31647); Oriskauy and
Helderberg fossils from Tenmssee
(32166). Collected for the National
Museum.
ScHUETTE, J. N., Green Bay, Wisconsin:
Specimen of Anter anf/iistus (Lindh.)
T. «fc G. 32186.
Schumann, Dr. K., Berlin, Germany:
Three hundred specimens of Austro-
African plants. 31862.
SCHWARZ, E. A., and II. G. Hubbard,
Department of Agriculture: Coleop-
tera, representing 69 specimens from
North America (all new to the Museum
collection). 31493.
SciD.MORE, MissE. K'., Washington, D. C. :
Ninety-five photographs of views in
Macao and Java, aud 77 photographs
of views in the vicinity of Hizen,
Japan. 31224.
Science College, Imperial Univer-
sity. (See under Tokio, Japan.)
Scott, George, Glen, Nebraska. Four
• teeth of a mastodon. Purchase. 31779.
Scott, GeorgeH., SaultSte. Marie, Mich-
igan, transmitted by E. S. Wheeler :
Copper spearhead found on the banks
of Bar River, Ontario, Canada. Pur-
chase. 31095.
Scott, Prof. W. B., Princeton University,
Princeton, New Jersey : Skeleton of a
condor aud S9 birds' skins, from Pata-
gonia. Purchase. 32297.
Scudder, N.P., U. S. National Museum:
Bat (NycHcejva) from Linden, Mary hxnd.
30978.
Seaton-Karr, H. W., Atherton Grange,
Wimbledon, Surrey, England : Two
photographs of chijjped implements
from Somaliland, South Africa. 31522.
Selby, a. D., Wooster, Ohio : Two dried
plants. 31394.
Shanghai, China : St. John's College,
transmitted by Rev. F. L. Hawks-Pott,
president: Eighteen objects illustra-
ting Buddhistic worship. Exchange.
31156.
Shead, Mrs. E. E., Eastport, Maine:
Specimen of Leontodon antumnalis L.
31221.
Sheahan, Thomas, Batavia, Illinois :
Seven specimens of Caiymeiu niaijurensis
aud one specimen of Stromatopora.
31727.
Sherii F, D. T., Landover, Maryland:
Barred owl, Syrnium nebulosiiin, in the
flesh. 31375.
Sherman, C. A., Manville, Wyoming :
Twenty -five modern scraper -blades
used in dressing skins. 31686.
Shriver, Howard, Cumberland, Mary-
land: Eleven land snails (32106) 5 speci-
men of Sediim nevii (30917).
Shufeldt, Dr. R. W., Takoma, District of
Columbia : Three specimens of Holo-
spira and UelLr from Texas. 32164.
Sigsbee, Commander C. D., U. S. N.,
Washington, District of Columbia:
Sea-lily, Peniacriniin nsferias, from near
Havana 31562.
SiLTON, J. J., Pendleton, South Carolina :
Specimen of Thalvusa lunator Fabi .
32132.
Simmer, Hans. (See under Kiiruten,
Austria: Tiroler Botauiker, Die Freie
Vereiniguug.)
Simms, C. N., Ronceverte, West Virginia:
Two staurolite crystals, in the form of
a cross, from Giles County, \'irginia.
31857.
122
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Simpson, T. L., Montgomery, Texas:
Specimen of Tinea peUionella Linn.
32125.
Sinclair, S. (See under Sydney, New
South Wales, Australian Museum.)
Skow & Gkiffen, Omaha, Nebraska : Hy-
brid Teal from Nebraska. Exchange.
31401.
Skrkhot, R. F,, Kiajina, Texas: Speci-
men of Canavalia. 31547.
Slater, Miss S. R., Philadelphia, Penn-
sylvania: Specimens of Amherstia no-
bilis and other seeds, from Burmah.
32068.
Small, J. K., New York City : Two speci-
mens of dried plants from South Caro-
lina and China (gift) (31421); 51 speci-
mens of mosses of the southern section
of the United States (purchase) (32036) ;
60 lichens (purchase) (32221).
Smith, Mrs. A. M., Minneapolis, Minne-
sota: Twenty specimens of colonial and
continental paper money. Purchase.
31918.
Smith, Eugene, Hoboken, New Jersey:
Specimen of Vavanua arenariuti from
North Africa. Exchange. 31462.
Smith, Harlan I., New York City : Spec-
imen of Apus aequalis Packard, from
New Mexico. 31441.
Smith, Dr. H. M. (See under J. S. Wil-
son.)
Smith, Prof. J. B., Rutger's College, New
Brunswick, New Jersey : Fourteen spec-
imens of Lachnosterna. Lent. Re-
turned. (30908); 10 specimens, includ-
ing 7 type specimens of noctuid moths,
from Colorado and British America.
(32199).
Smith, J. Shirley, Shelby, North Caro-
lina: Specimen of muscovite. 32024.
Smith, L. H., Eastou, Maryland: Royal
Walnut moth, CUheronia regalis. 30905.
Smith, Rev. Lucius C, Department of
Agriculture: Plants from Mexico, rep-
resenting fourteen species. 31053.
Smithsonian Institution, Mr. S. P.
Langley, Secretary :
Emerald crystal in calcite from Muso
Mine, Colombia. Addition to the
"Lea Collection." 31225.
Bronze medal commemorative of the
sesqui-centennial of the College of
New Jersey and the inauguration of
Smithsonian Institution— Continued.
Princeton University. Presented to
the Smithsonian Institution by the
Trustees of Princeton University and
deposited in the National Museum.
32030.
Transmitted from the Bureau of Eth-
nology, Maj. J. W. Powell, Direc-
tor:
Copper hawk-bell, taken from a mound
in Tonto Basin, Arizona (30857) ; uote
of Bank of Cincinnati, issue of 1818
(30961); 172 stone implements from
near Kutztown, Pennsylvania, and
a specimen of mineral from the
same locality, obtained by Mr. H. K.
Deisher (31133); natural history
specimens and ethnological objects
collected by Dr. Fewkes in Ari-
zona and New Mexico, 1896 (31151);
2 skins of Curlacns rirgitiianus from
Maine, with^kull (31437) ; plants and
a specimen of Bufo pnnctatns, col-
lected by Mrs. Matilda C. Stevenson
in Pueblo County (31599) ; specimen
of sandstone, with a cup-like depres-
sion, from Wmifrede, West Virginia
(31642); collection of archfcological
objects obtained by Prof. G. K. Gil-
bert in Colorado (31683) ; 13 photo-
graphs of Eskimos in costume (31737) ;
2 potsherds obtained by Dr. F. S. Bul-
mer from the adobe walls of an
early Spanish monastery near Casas
Grandes, Chihuahua, Mexico, an<> a
fragment of obsidian from the neigh-
boring mountains (31803) ; the Hilder
collection of antiquities from mounds
in Missouri and Illinois (31883) ; col-
lection of ethnological objects from
Zufii, collected by Mrs. M. C. Steven-
son (31983); collection of mat-mak-
ers' app'iances and products obtained
from the Musquaki Indians, Iowa,
collected by W J McGee (32138) ; sling
or bo^AS used in taking water-fowl
by tb(i Eskimo of Arctic Alaska, col-
lected, by Marcus Baker near Icy
Cape (32250) ; objects used in connec-
nection with the Ghost Dance of
the Kiowa Indians (32272); shinney-
stick, a set of four gaming-tubes, and
a set of three gaming-sticks, collected
by S. T. Dozier, Espanola, New Mexi-
co (32288). (See under W. S. Blatch-
ley.)
LIST OF ACCESSIONS
123
Smithsonian Institution — Continufd.
lYanxmitit d from the Xatiouul Zoological
Park, Dr. Frank ISaker, Superintend-
ent:
Civet Cat, Bassariscus astitta, and Vec-
c&Tj {Dicoti/lesiajacu) (30848) ; Iguana
(30883) ; 2 specimens of MacaciiK rhe-
sus, a specimen of Ateles aler, 2 speci-
mens of lynx, and a specimen of
Erethizon (30970); Clark's Nutcrack-
er, Xucifrana eoliimbiana, from Mon-
tana, in the Hesh (31023) ; specimen
of puma (31128) ; Clark's Nutcracker,
Nucifraga eoliimbiana, in the flesh
(31145) ; porcupine (/iVe</iJ^o« epixan-
fhi(s) in the flesh (31207); 2 speci-
mens of rhoea vitaUna (31280) ; speci-
men of Para cristaiiis, in the flesh
(31299) ; specimen of Phalaiigista,
from Sydney, New South Wales
(31398); Eskimo dog (Canis famiJ-
iaris) (31413) ; specimen of Phoca vil-
uliva, in the flesh (31414); 4 birds, in
the flesh, from Montana and District
of Columbia (31()77) ; specimen of
Dicotyles tajacii, specimen o{ Xeotoma
dnerea, and specimen of FeJis pardaJis
(31692) ; specimen of American Mag-
pie, Pica pica hudsoviea, in the flesh
(31882) ; specimen of Macuciis rhesus
(31903) ; Golden Eagle and an African
Gray Parrot, in the flesh (31921);
snake from Florida (32015); snake
(32016); snake from Blue Hidge
Mountains (32017); Iguana (32018);
snakes from Kansas and Oregon
(32019, 32020, 32021, 32022) ; specimen
of Uroci/oii virginianiis from Winches-
ter, Virginia (32128).
Smoi't, Mrs. T. J., Wood River, Nebraska :
Photograph of signatures of members
to "Non-Importation Association " in
the Continental Congress, October 20,
1774. 31848.
Smugcler Union Mining Company,
Telluride, Colorado, N. T. Mansfield,
Superintendent: Specimen of silver
ore from the Mine. 31590.
Snyder, Dr. D. W., Nashville, Tennessee:
Collection of ethnological objects from
Africa, including model of a Mukete
house, and a very interesting collection
of beetles from the interior of Africa.
31155.'
Snyder, Dr. F. D., (Jaines, New York:
Five birds' skins from New York.
Exchange. 31495.
Snyder, J. O., Stanford University, Cali-
fornia: Collection of reptiles and ba-
trachians, 18 birds' skins, invertebrates,
insects, representing aliout 140 speci-
mens, and a specimen of Thomomys
hotta: Exchange. 31776.
SoRiN, T. R., Risbee, Arizona: Sheet sta-
lactite from Co])per Queen Mine. Pur-
chase. 30952.
Si'AiNHOUR, .J. M., Lenoir, North Caro-
lina: Specimen of Attacus cecropia
Linn. 32060,
Spatz, p. W. H., Gabes, Tunis, Africa:
Alcoholic specimt'n of Ctenodaetyhis
mas^oni. Purchas*;. 31193.
Spence, R. S., Moutpelier, Idaho. Ten
specimens of Middle Ciiuibrian trilo-
bites and a piece of rock containing
CorbiiJa from the Bear River group
(Upper Cretaceous). 31108.
Spencer, A. L., Oenaville, Texas: Bee-
fly, Bombylius lancifer Osten Sacken,
and a Was]i {Chrysis clara) Cresson.
32208.
Sprinz, liARNARD, New Albany, Indiana:
Seven pottery pipes (31202); 3 clay
tobacco-pipes (31606).
Spurh, J. E., U. S. Geological Survey:
Specimen of cinnabar (crystallized),
and two specimens of scoroditc with
lealgar from Mercur Mine, Mercur,
Utah (31291); tooth of a mammoth
(31307). (See under Interior Depart-
ment, U. S. Geological Survey.)
Staiil, E. M., Glenville, Pennsylvania:
Four plants. 32136.
Staneokd, a. W., Lowell, Massachu-
setts: Thirty-four ferns from China
and .Japan. Purchase. 32235.
Stanley, D. T., Des Moines, Iowa, trans-
mitted by Charles Aldrich: Polished
stone ini])lement (i>atu-i)atu) found on
the bank of I\ogU(! K'iver, Oregon.
I'urchase. 321.')9.
Stanton, L. H., Boulder, ('olorado : I'our
specimens of altaite (lead telluride)
from Inter Ocean Mine, Sunshine, Colo-
rado. 30844.
Stanton, T. W., U. S. Geological Sur-
vey: Fossil fly (31162); nest of Jn//io-
phora maculifroiiK ("resson, found in a
' The insects, which were collected at Luebo, Congo, are the first specimens received
from the interior of Africa.
124
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Stanton, T. W.— Continued,
specimuu of sandstone from New York.
(31475.)
Starin, Col. J. H., New Rochelle, New
York : Macaw, in the flesh. 31573.
Stearns, Elmer, Salt Lake City, Utah:
Specimen of Thalema fasciculaia. 32236.
Stearns, Dr. R. E. C, Los Angeles, Cal-
ifornia : Specimen of infusorial earth,
fire-clay, insects, shells. 32028.
Steele, E. S., Department of Agricul-
ture : Plants and grasses. (31333, 31503,
31fi85.)
Steiner, Dr. Roland, Grovetown, Geor-
gia: Largo collections of archa-ological
objects from an ancient village site on
Kiokee Creek, Columbia County, Geor-
gia: (30938, 30976, 31050, 31235, 31237,
31258, 31311, 31313, 31347, 31484, 31497,
31541, 31931, 32214.)
Steitz, Adam, Baltimore, Maryland:
Specimen of Pofionia ophioglossoidea
(30871) ; five specimens of dried plants
(30956).
Ste.ineger, Dr. L., U. S. National jMu-
seum: Fifteen plants from Kurile Is-
lands (31577); miscellaneous insects
from Pribilof Islands, Commander Is-
lands, .Japan, Hawaii, and Robben
Island, representing about 20 species,
reptiles and batrachians, mollusks from
Bering Island, fossil veitebrates, fossil
plants, fish from Paratunka River,
Kamcliiitka, crustaceans and worms
from the Sandwich Islands, birds' skins
from Kurile Islands, plants, skulls of
mammals (31801) ; specimen of Lampro-
peltis rhomhomaculatus from Brookland,
District of Columbia (32153). Col-
lected for the National Museum. (See
under H. W. Henshaw ; M. Namiye.)
Stephens, F., Witch Creek, California:
Bats (gift and exchange) (31919, 320.53).
Sterki, Dr. v.. New Philadelphia, Ohio:
Specimens of Piscidla, representing 8
species from the United States, and 3
specimens of Palamonetes exilipes
Stimpson. 31323.
Stevens, S. G., Lincoln, New York:
Squirrel, in the flesh. 31195.
Stevenson, Prof. J. J., New York Uni-
versity, New York; folded gneisses
from University Heights, New York,
and "asbestos" from Tilly Foster
Mine, New York. 32276.
Stevenson, Mrs. M. C. (See under
Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of
Ethnology.)
Stewart, Dr. T. B., Lock Haven, Penn-
sylvania: Five photographs of archae-
ological objects. Exchange. 31046.
Stotley, George. (See under Agricul-
ture, Department of. )
Stolzman, Prof. Jean. (See under Var- '
sovie, Russia: Branieki Museum.)
Stout, Wilbur, Sciotoville, Ohio, trans-
mitted by Dr. G. W. Girty, U. S. Geolog-
ical Survey : Four small hatchets or
chisels, and a fragment of a pendant, or
sinker, of hematite, 24 specimens of
Conostyclius ornahis Lesq., 6 specimens
of Conoatychns prolifer Lesq., and 5
specimens of Asterphycus, species unde-
termined (31373) ; 50 specimens of Co-
nostyclius, 19 specimens of Upper Wav-
erly fossils, and 14 specimens of fire-
clay (31443).
Straits Settlements. (See under La-
rut, Perak, Perak Museum.)
Stkanahan, Julius, Keeseville, New
York : Specimen of titanic iron . 32254.
Stranahan, J. W., Fort Lauderdale,
Florida : Photograph of familiespf Pine
Island Indians from New River, Florida,
and wooden spoons and ball rackets
with a description of the game, obtained
from the Seminole Indians (gift)
(31383) ; complete costume of a Seminole
Indian chief (purchase) (31509); 2
complete costumes worn by Seminole
women (purchase) (32064).
Strong, Miss L. A., Greeley, Iowa:
Tineid-moth, Tinea peUioneUa Linn.,
and clusters of cocoons of Apantelea
gJomeratus L. 32162.
SuKSDORF, W. N., White Salmon, Wash-
ington: Plants. (30893,31582.)
Sullivan, G. N., Washington, District
of Columbia: Albino Song Sparrow,
Mclospiza fasciata. 31690.
SuRBER, Thaddeus, White Sulphur
Springs, West Virginia: Two speci-
mens of Spermophilus tridecemlmeatns
from Statesbury, Missouri. 31287.
SuTOR, Henry, Christchurch, New Zea
land. Unios from New Zealand and Tas-
mania (gift) (31254; Unio from New
Zealand (gift)(31381) ; 3 alcoholic speci-
mens of Unios from New Zealand, and
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
125
SuTOR, IIknky — ("outinued.
Unio shells (excliailue) (31581); 28peci-
iiieus of I'liio l([/randi from Tasmauia
(gift) (31812).
iSwAN,.). ({., Port Tow iiseud, Washington :
Specimen of I'eclen cauriniis from Fuca
Strait. 31442.
SwiNiiOK, Eknkst, Oxford, England:
Sixty-five specimens of lepidoptera,
representing 52 spoiies from the East
Indies, illustrating mimicry and pro-
tective resemblance. Purchase. 31868.
SwoHD, J. F., .lonesville, \'irginia:
I'nionidic, representing fourteen spe-
cies, from Lee County, Virginia.
30i)71.
SvDNKY, Nkw South Wales: Austra-
lian ^SIusKUM, transmitted by S. Sin-
clair, secretary : Fishes, mollusks,
reptiles, 25 birds' skins, minerals, ores,
and rocks. Exchange. 31081.
Sylvester, E. O., Sitka, Alaska: I'lant.
31851.
Tache, E. E. (Secundor Quebec, Canada:
Crown Lands, Department of.)
Tassin, Wirt, IJ. S. National ^Museum:
Specimens of monazitesand from Hurke
County, North Carolina (31290); 11
specimens of calamine from Bertha
Mine. Pulaski, Virginia (312!(2) ; miner-
als from Stassfurt, Germany, consisting
ofrock salt, kainite,8chunite, and others
(31293) ; 158 specimens of minerals from
Sussex County, New Jersey, and ( )rauge
County. New York, including spinel,
fowlerite, and others (31300) ; 4 speci-
mens of millerite from Gap Mine, Lan-
ca.ster County, Pennsylvania (31304) ;
9 sjiecimens of minerals (31318); a set
of 5 models illustrating the dispersion
of optic axes in minerals (31388) ; speci-
men of gersdortlite from Alova, Malaga,
Spain (31889).
Taylok, Miss Evelyn, Tiverton, Khode
Island: Lower pharyngeal bone of a
lUacklish ( Tantoga oiiitia). 31S47.
Taylor, .1. G., Oweusboro, Kentucky:
Archaological objects from Corn Is-
land, Spencer County, Indiana, and an
unfinished ceremonial object from
Daviess County, Kentucky. Deposit.
Returned. 30960.
Taylok, Miss Katherine A., Baltimore,
Maryland: Six herbarium specimens
of Commelina communis from Baltimore
County. 31403.
Ten Eyck, Miss 1)., Worcester, Massa-
chusetts: Land snail. 31321.
Tei"! t, Dr. F. O., Tecumseh, Michigan:
Two Green-sided Darters IHplesion
bleniiioideii. 32265.
Telkchai'iiic Historical Society ok
North America, transmitted by G. C.
Maynard, Secr<'tary: C<dlection of
Morse telegraphic apparatus (31175);
piece of submarine cable laid in 18.53, a
specimen of the subujarine cable laid
in 1866, and two glass insulators
(31545). Deposit.
Tellery, S. J., New York City: Tibetan
))ra8s trumpet. Purchase. 30965.
Terrell, J. A., Bloomfield, Kentucky:
Screech Owl, in tiie flesh (31122) ; spec-
imens of Meijascops atiio, in gray plum-
age, in the flesh (31317).
Test, F. C, Lafayette, Indiana: Three
snakes. 32223.
Thayer, A. H., Dublin, New Hampshire:
Snake (30854); 15 birds from Europe
(32176).
Thompson, Prof. D'Arcy W., Dundee,
Scotland: Crustaceans. 31639.
Thompson, H. D., Moline, Illinois: Pot-
tery whistle shai)cd like an animars
head, and a small flint scrajier. 32264.
Tiio.MPSON, M. T., Providence, Khode Is-
land: Hemiptera, representing four
species. 31814.
Thompson, Mrs. W. W. (See under Agri-
culture, Department of.)
Thorne, E. .L, Findley, Maryland: Nest
of Ruby-throated lluinmiug-bird, Tro-
chilux colubris. 30914.
Thorpe, Dr. H. IL, Liberty Hill, Texas:
Two alcoholic snakes (30864) ; 2 speci-
mens of Scolojundra heroa, and a Ta-
rantula (31257).
TiEFANY', C.L., New York City: ^'ase of
favrlle glass. 30951.
TiEFANY & Co., New York City: Collec-
tionofengraved diplomas, inscriptions,
etc., maiU' by the company (gift)
(31143) ; specimen of rbodochrosite from
John Reed Mine, Alecaute, Lake Coun-
ty, California (purchase "N") (31797);
gold and silver specimens (purchase
" N ") (31899) ; native silver from IJatop-
ilas, Mexico (purchase "N") (31905); 6
specimens of Copenhagen porcelain,
consisting of a faience figure of an owl,
2 tliience ])itcher8, and 11 pieces of Rus-
sian iron art castings (purchase)(31936).
126
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
TiLDEN, Josephine E., University of
Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota:
Marine and fresh-water algje, repre-
senting 100 species. Purchase. 31620.
TiN.sLEY, J. D., Agricultural College, Me-
silla Park, New Mexico : Two speci-
mens of Pliiladelphus microphijUus.
31392.
TiROLER BOTANIKER, DiE FREIE VeR-
EiNiGUNG. (See under Kiirnten, Aus-
tria.)
TisDALL, A. J. (See under Agriculture,
Department of. )
Todd, Prof. D. P. (See under Amherst
College Observatory. )
Tokyo, Japan, Science College, Im-
perial University, transmitted by
Dr. I. Ijima: Two petrels (31817); rep-
tiles and batrachiaus from Japan
(32118).
ToLLiN, Oscar, I'lantcr, Florida: Skele-
ton of Blackfish {Globiccphalus brachyp-
terus) and 3 additional skulls of the
same species. Purchase. 31438.
ToMEY, J. W. (See under Agriculture,
Department of.)
Topping, D. L., Washington, District of
Columbia : Nine specimens of Pes])edeza
(exchange) (31658) ; specimen of Bwh-
meria cyUndrica scahra (31694).
Tower, G. W. (See under Interior De-
partment, U. S. Geological Survey.)
TowNSExi), C. H., U. S. Fish Commission :
Three alcoholic specimens of Meno-
])oma allefihanunsls from Westmoreland
County, Pennsylvania (31267); skin
of Plioca larf/ha (31363) ; reptiles from
Lower California (31819).
TowNSEND, C. H. Tyler. (See under
Agriculture, Department of. )
Tracy, S. M., Agricultural College, Mis-
sissippi: Seven herbarium specimens
(30879) ; specimen of Solanum rosfra-
tum (31148).
Trapiiagen, F. W., Montana College of
Agriculture, Bozeman, Montana: Two
specimens of sapphire corundum in
the matrix from 8 miles west of Galla-
tin River, Montana. 31183.
Trelease, Prof. William, St. Louis,
Missouri: Specimen of Iscctes nuda.
31655. (See under Missouri Botanic
Garden.)
Treasury Department, U. S. :
Bureau of Engraving and Printing,
C. M. Johnson, Director : Portraits of
Treasury Department, U. S. — Cont'd.
Franklin, Henry, Morse, and Ken-
dall. 31357.
Life-Saving Service, transmitted by
Capt. C. J. Dunton, Keeper, Ocean
City, Maryland: Partially decayed
specimen of Angler, or Fishing-
frog, Lophiua jyiscatorius. 31399.
Treat, W. E., Silverlane, Connecticut:
Mammal skins and skulls (31591);
mammal skins and skulls and 4 skins
of Sharp-tailed Sparrow, Ammodramiis
caudacutus (31700). Exchange.
Tribolet, Mrs. M. A., Dernyter, New
York : Twenty-two ethnological ob-
jects from Burma and China. 32074.
Tring, England: Tring Museum Speci-
men of M'tjcornis ereretti, and a speci-
men of Connrus xanthogenis. Exchange.
31302.
Tristan SenorJ.FiD. (See under Costa
Rica, Museo Nacional, de.)
Trostler, I. S., Omaha, Nebraska : Birds'
skins and eggs. Exchange. 31835.
True, F. W., U. S. National Museum :
Basket cradle obtained from the Conox
Indians, Vancouvers Island. 31951.
Collected for the National Museum.
TscHusi vox, Victor Ritter zu Schmid-
HOFFEN, Hallein, Hungary. Seventeen
birds' skins from Europe. Exchange.
31073.
Tucker, Mrs. L. M., Ortonville, Michi-
igan : Pieces of a human skull and frag-
ments of pottery from a mound in
Groveland, Michigan. 31666.
Turin, Italy: Royal Zoological Mu-
seum, transmitted by Mr. Joseph No-
bili: Crustaceans, rejireseuting 10
species (31464); decapod crustaceans,
representing 24 species (32224). Ex-
change.
Turner, H. W., U. S. Geological Survey:
Two specimens of pyrophillite from
East Tres Cerritos, California. 31406.
Twomey, George, Jetfersonville, Indi-
ana: Human bones found in an Indian
grave, and also on the Falls of the
Ohio River. Presented to the Smith-
sonian Institution and deposited in the
National Museum. 31263.
Ulke, Henry, Washington, District of
Columbia : Thirty-eight moths from
Monterey, Maryland. 31259.
Underwood, L. M., Auburn, Alabama:
Six ferns from Alabama (30882) ; Sspeci-
LIST OP^ ACCESSIONS.
127
T'NDERWOoi), L. M. — Continiunl.
mens of JriiKftna triphiiUum (31074);
specimen of TrUlhim ti luhrwoodii SmaW
(32184).
Vax Dkniurgii, .Ioiin, San Framisco,
California : Specimen ol' SceIo2)orits licki
from I^owor California. 31856.
Van Detskx, Mrs. Alys Bates, Hart-
ford, Conneeticnt: Collection of china
plates, pitchers, and other objects illus-
trative of American history (314(55,
31552); 3 jiieces of pottery (31593);
5 pieces of pottery (31594); collection
of china i>lates (311511 ) ; 3 pieces of pot-
tery (31670). Dei)Osit.
Van Gaasheek & Akkell, New York
City: A reclininc; Huddha, 2 bronze
r.uddhas, Buddha, a kislimu. bronze
idol, and model of a mos(|ue (pur-
chase "N") (31914); oriental standing-
lamp (purchase) (31952;.
Vax Hise, C. R., Madison, Wisconsin:
Jaspalitc from Negaunee formation of
Lower Marciuette series. 32278.
Aan Hyning, T., Des Moines, Iowa: One
hundred and twenty-two specimens of
land, fresh-water, and marine shells
from various localities, and a cluster
of barnacles from Portland, Oregon.
32067.
A'an Kirk, .T. W., Potts Grove, Pennsyl-
vania: Fossils and archaological ob-
jects from Northumberland County.
Exchange. 31297.
Van Kexesselaer, a. Cortland, Stock-
bridge, Massachusetts: Mezzotiut of
the late Dr. Archibald Bruce, of New
York City. Presented to the Smith-
sonian Institution and deposited in
National Museum. 32093.
Vaniz, Dr. G. W. Smith, Weather Bureau,
Canton, Mississippi : lnopod (ArmadiUi-
dium vulgare). 31740.
Varsovik, Russia : Branicki Museum,
transmitted by Prof. Jean Stolzman :
One hundred and fifty-two birds' skins
from Peru and Transcaspia. Exchange.
32231.
Vaugiiax, T. Waylaxd, U. S. Geological
Survey: Shells from the drift in Texan
rivers. 31966. (See under Interior
Department, U. S. Geological Survey.)
Vkrrill, Prof. A. E. (See under Peabody
Museum.)
Victoria, British Columbia: Provin-
cial Museum, transmitted by John Fan-
VicToRiA, British Columbia — Cont'd,
nin: Ninety -seven birds' skins from
British Cobumbia (311.58); 6 Crows
(31415). Exchange.
Vienna, Austria : Royal Natural His-
tory Society Hotmuseum: One hun-
dred plants. Exchange. 31355.
Vinton, H. A. & F. H., Bedford Village,
New York : Spinet made by Joseph
Mahoon, London, probably in the sev-
enteenth century. Deposit. 32205.
Von Streeruwitz, W. H., Austin, Texas :
Geological material. 31510.
Wagner Free Institute ok Science,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Two spe-
cies of Area, types of AV. A\'aguer.
31887.
Walcott, Mr. C. D., Director IT. S. Geo-
logical Survey: fJold-bearing quartz
and other material from Red Mountain
and Silver Peak Districts, Nevada.
32045.
Walker, Bryant, Detroit, Michigan:
Two specimens of Ci/chrua (indrewsii
from Roan Mountain, North Carolina;
shells, representing 4 species (31024);
Uniouidtp, representing 3 species from
the eastern section of the United States
(31091); fresh-water shells from the
Philippine Islands, representing 3 spe-
cies (32087).
Walker, Wythe, Victor, California:
Speeinien of Serphus dilatatHx. 31990.
War Department, U. S. : Signal Office,
Gen. A. \Y. Greely, Chief Signal Officer:
Beardslee Magneto dial telegraph in-
strumenit. Deposit, 31944.
Ward, H. A., Rochester, New York : Geo-
logical material. Purchase. 30953.
Ward's Natural Science Establish-
ment, Rochester, New York : Eleven
trilobites (purchase) (31698); 7 parrots
from various localities (purchase "N")
(31704); cast of specimen of Asaphus
t/if/as (purchase "N") (31720); 3 par-
rots (purchase "N") (31741); mammal
skins (purchase "N") (31744); fossil
crinoids (purchase "N") (317.56); 4
specimens of Cambrian trilobites '^pur-
chase "N") (31758); anatomical models
and limbs (].urchase "N") (31780); 13
fossil fishes (purchase "N") (31793);
skull of a crocodile (purchase "N")
(31872) ; itacolumite from Agra, India
(exchange) (31895); gold and silver
specimens (purchase "N") (31896);
128
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Ward's Natural Science Establish-
ment — Continued,
crustaceans (purchase) (31981) ; 5 Japa-
nese spongos (purchase) (31982); skel-
eton of Gangctic crocodile (purchase)
(32005) ; cast of a head of a small Right
whale (purchase "N") (32006); miscel-
laneous collection of land, fresh-water,
and marine shells from various locali-
ties (purchase " N ") (32054) ; skeleton
of a native Australian (purchase "N")
(32155).
Ward, Prof. Lestkr F., U. S. Geological
Survey : Seven ty-sevenherbarium spec-
imens from Kansas and Oklahoma
(31358) ; 18 plants from South Carolina
(32037); specimen of Trifolium hybrid-
um (32172) ; specimen of Louicerajapoii-
iea from District of Columbia (32237).
Wakden, Jacob, Berry ville, Virginia:
Red Bat, Atalapha borealis. (30958.)
Warming, Dr. E., Director, Botanical
Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark: Six
hundred plants. Exchange. 31980.
Washington, H. S., Locust, New Jersey:
Foi'ty-two volcanic rocks iroiu Italy, a
stone ax from Ben Hassan, on the Nile,
Egypt, and a hammer stone of gabbro,
from HeraioD, Argos, Greece. Ex-
change. 30911.
Watson, J. M., Rose Normal Academy,
MartinsMills, Tennessee: Chippedflint
hatchet found near Martins M ills. 30950.
Waychoff, a. J., Waynesburg College,
Waynesburg, Pennsylvania: Portion
of the skeleton of a child taljen from a
grave. 31364.
Wayne, Arthur T., Mount Pleasant,
South Carolina : Four birds' skins, rep-
resenting 4 species from South Caro-
lina and Mexico (exchange) (30852) ;
3 birds' skins (exchange) (30906); 12
birds' skins from South Carolina
(exchange) (31273) ; 6 birds' skins (ex-
change) (31296); 9 specimens of Sharp-
tailed Sparrow and a King Rail
(exchange) (31344); specimen of Pine
Siskin {Spiinis pinus) and Leconte's
Sparrow {Ammodramus levontei) from
South Carolina (gift) 31920); 6 Seaside
Finches (purchase) (31970) ; '2 birds'
skins (gift)(32202) ; 11 birds' skins from
South Carolina (exchange) (32203) ; 5
specimens of Jmmodramus (purchase)
(32229); 2 specimens of Henslow's
Sparrow (exchange) (32243).
Webb, C. H., New York City : Two speci-
mens of Dog Beetle, Gahrucella xan-
thomelana Schrank.
Webb, De Witt, St. Augustine, Florida:
Five negatives and 4 prints of a giant
cephalopod (gift) (31572); sections of
muscular envelope of Octopus i/igan-
teiis Verrill (purchase) (31678): min-
nows, and specimens of Cyprinodon
rariegatits (gift) (31850).
Webb, W. F., Albion, New York : Great
Blue Heron from Florida (gift) (30890) ;
3 shells (exchange) (31459).
Webber, H. J., Eustis, Florida: Speci-
men of Juncua marginattts. 31216.
Webster, Prof. F. M., Wooster, Ohio:
Type specimen of Apanteles orgyiw
Ashm. 32151.
Weed, W. H. (See under Interior De-
partment, U. S. Geological Survey.)
Wenzel, H. W,, Philadeljihia, Pennsyl-
vania: Eight specimens of Antltono-
mus Idtiiisciilus audAnthoiioinus nigrinu8
(gift) (31223) ; 36 specimens of coleop-
tera, representing 7 species (exchange)
(31366).
Wesley, William & Son, London, Eng-
land : Bible, Genevan version, ir)77, and
a Latin Bible, printed in Nuremburgin
1478. Purchase "N." 32089.
Weslkvan University", Middletown,
Connecticut, transmitted by Prof. S.
Ward Loper : Minerals, and 81 beetles,
representing 40 species, principall3'^ ob-
tained froui the (ape of Good Hope.
Exchange. 32213.
Western Union Telegraph Company,
New York City, transmitted by T. T.
Eckert: Nineteen samples of various
types of Atlantic cables laid since 1858,
up to the present time (gift) (31262) ;
the original receiving telegraph appa-
ratus made by Prof. S. F. B. Morse, lead
type for Morse's telegraph, patent to
Morse, reissue No. 117, .Tune 13, 1848,
signed by James Buchanan, Secretary
of State, and Edmund Burke, C'ommis-
sioner of Patents (deposit) (31286) ; 18
pieces of telegraph apparatus (deposit)
(31652).
Wethekby, a. G., Magnetic City, North
Carolina: Unios from the United
States, representing 3 species (31028) ;
119 specimens of dried plants (31312).
Wheeler, C. F., Agricultural College,
Michigan : Specimen of Plantago L.,
LIST OF ACCESSIONS.
129
Wheelkk, C. F.— Continued.
Lamjjsana communis L., and Siaymbrium
altissimum L. 30915.
VViiEELEH, E. S. (See under G. H. Scott.)
Whipi'LE, W. B., Treasury Department:
Hat worn by Jonathan Pettiboue, who
belonged to the Eighteenth Counecti-
eut Militia in 1776. Deposit. 32076.
White, Dr. C. A., U. S. Geological Sur-
vey : Photograph of Gameel Awad, a
dragoman of Jernsalem. 31091.
White, David, U. S. Geological Survey:
Two herbarium speciuieus from Penn-
sylvania (30887) ; specimen of Asple-
iiium riita-muraria from Tennessee
(31076) ; weathered conglomerate from
Sharp Mountain, east side of Westward
Gap. Pottsville. Pennsylvania. (32120.)
AVhite, G. W,, Washington, District of
Columbia: Photograph — "Hills and
Valleys, Dales and Fields." 31004.
White, J.J. , Rockledge, Florida: Speci-
mens of Cijtherea rarians (312.53) ; land
and marine shells, representing 5
species, from Florida (31349.)
White, Dr. J. T. (See under Young
Naturalists' Society.)
Whited, Kirk, Wenatchee, Washington :
One hundred and eighty-lour j)lants.
31112.
Whitehead, Johx, Urbana,Ohio : Pyrite
nodule. 32174.
Wiiitehorx, Wokth, Rochester, Ne-
braska : Fossil tooth of a bison. 30870.
Whitman, V. H., Washington, District
of Columbia: Skin of a Blue Jay with
a deformed bill. 31248.
Whittemoke, C. a. (See under Kent
Scientific Institute.)
WiDMAN, Otto, Old Orchard, Missouri:
Nest and 3 eggs of Bachmann's AVar-
bler, Helminthophila hachmanni. (New
to science and to the Museum collec-
tion.) 32139.
Wilcox, E. N., Brookings, South Dakota :
Fourteen plants. 31453.
Wilder, G. D.. Pekin, China: Specimen
of Sciiirus and a specimen of Tamias ;
also .53 birds' skins from northern
China. Exchange. 31739.
WiLKixsox, E. (See under Manslield
Memorial Museum.)
Willets Maxufacturixg Company,
Trenton, New Jersey, transmitted by
the U. S. Geological Survey : Sample of
NAT MUS 97 9
Willets Maxufacturixg Co:mpaxy—
Continued.
American pottery, Belleck ware, deco-
rated under the glaze in Delft blue.
32126.
Williams College, Williamstown, Mas-
sachusetts, transmitted by T. Nelson
Dale: Twenty-one specimens of min-
erals from various localities. Ex-
change. 32220.
Williams, F. H., Greene, New York: Nest
and egg of a bird (30920) ; transmitted
from the U. S. Geological Survey, 75
specimens of Devonian fossils (31650).
Williams, F. W., New Haven, Connecti-
cut: Assyrian cylinder seal. Lent.
31615.
Williams, H. S. (See under Interior De-
partment, U. S. Geological Survey.)
WiLLiA.MS, T. A., care Department of
Agriculture: Specimen of Snada de-
pressa erecta from South Dakota. 31301.
Williams, R. S., Columbia Falls, Mon-
tana, transmitted by Major Beudire:
Seven birds' skins from Montana (gift)
(31397); 870 botanical specimens (])ur-
chase) (31874); specimen of Ompha-
lodes howardi (32069).
WiLLiARD, T. E., U. S. National Museum:
Geological material from Frederick,
Maryland. 31152.
Willis, L. D., Church Creek, Maryland:
Ants, representing 2 species. 31233.
WiLLOUGHBY, Lieut. H. L., U. S. A., New-
port, Rhode Island : Egg of American
crocodile from southern Florida. 31134.
Wills, Rev. James, Antananarivo, Mad-
agascar: One hundred and ten birds'
skins, mammal skins, native basket,
silk-moths and cocoons, shells, skele-
tons of birds and mammals, also bones
and a skull, specimens of Eplornys,
hippopotamus, Iiirds' eggs, and reptiles
from Madagascar. Purchase. 31618.
WiLMER, Lieut. Col. L. Worthingtox,
Baltimore, Maryland: Fossil and other
shells from the British Islands. 31830.
WiLsox, B. J., Huntington, West Vir-
ginia: Drilled ceremonial object of
banded slate. Purchase. 31489.
Wilson, J. S., Wilson, New York, trans-
mitted by Dr. H. M. Smith: Spccime is
of Brunnich's Murre, I'ria lomria, from
Lake Ontario, in the flesh. 31469.
WiLSOX, Thomas, V. S. National Mu-
seum: Iron image found on Rich Moun-
130
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Wilson, Thomas — Continued,
tain, North Carolina (31633) ; facsimile
of the celehratecl chart of J nan de la
Cosa, pilot and captain in the expedi-
tions of Columbus, the first map on
which the American Continent appears,
drawn in the year 1500 (31636) ; col-
lection of archii'ological objects from
ploughed fields '"'Noel Cemetery, Glen-
dale Park," Nashville, Tennessee
(32169, 32200). Deposit.
WiNTON, G. B., San liuis Potosi, Mexico:
Fishing- spear and throwing- stick
(purchase) (31432) ; Mexican throwing-
stick (31802).
Wirt, Dr. W. W., U. S. Geological Sur-
vey: Land shells and Echini from Isle
of Pines, Cuba. 31772.
Wolfe, Miss Emma A., U. S. National
Museum: Specimen of Adelonycterus
fuscHS. 31902.
WoLTZ, George, U. S. National Museum:
Square piano made by Joseph Hiskey,
Baltimore, Maryland, during the years
1820-1845, known as the German double
or Viennese action. 31877.
Wood, N. R., U. S. National Museum:
Four specimens of Blarina from Clyde,
Wayne County, New York. 30868.
Woods, E. L., San Francisco, California:
Photograph "Marshland." 31005.
Woodward, Dr. Henry. (See under
London, England: British Museum.)
WooDWORTii, F. A., Alameda, California:
Shells, dredged in Santa Barbara Chan-
nel, California, representing 6 species.
32091.
WoosTER, A. F., Norfolk, Connecticut:
Large Spotted Salamander {Amhystoma
pnnclatum). 31942.
Worth, S. G. (See under Fish Commis-
sion, U. S.)
WoRTHEN, C. K., Warsaw, Illinois: Nine
mammal skins. IMirchase. 31869.
Wray, L. (See under Larut, Perak,
Straits Settlements: Perak Museum.)
Wright, B. H., Penn Yan, New York:
Unios from ditVerent sections of the
United States. (31180) (exchange)
(gift) (31219, 31336, 31360, 31386, 31478,
31505, 31563, 31597, 31712, 31863, 32078,
32146).
Wright, J. T., Anson, Texas: Specimen
of Moffmanseygia stricta Booth. 30936.
Wright, S. R., Klamath Falls, Oregon:
Long-tailed duck. 31444.
WuR/LOW, H., Industry, Texas: Three
specimens of Tradescantia. 31891.
Yang \v, Chinese Minister, Chiuese Le-
gation, Washington, District of Colum-
bia: A large blue porcelain vase,
bronze urn, and a string of beads.
31964.
Yates, Jesse, Atlantic City, New Jersey :
Short File-fish, Mouacanthns hispidiis.
30998.
Young, Curtis Clay, Brooklyn, New
York : Twenty-five heads of young
Cormorants {P.dilophus), from Quebec.
31159.
Young, J, A., Belle vue, Iowa: Photo-
graph of a large spearhead found near
Lake Pepin, on the head waters of the
Mississippi River. 31635.
YouNGBLOOD, J. E., Uuion, Washington:
Geometrid Moth, Triphosa dubtitata.
Presented to the Smithsonian Institu-
tion and transferred to the. National
Museum. 31496.
Young Naturalists' Society, Seattle,
Washington, transmitted by Dr. James
T. White: Plaster cast of a stone carv-
ing, the original of which was found
on the San Juan group of islands, be-
tween Vancouver Island and the main-
laud. 31353.
Zehntnek, Dr. L., Proefstattion Oost-
Java, Pasoeroean, Java: Four speci-
mens of Entedon arciiafa Zehntner, 4
specimens of Entedon alhipen Zehntner,
and 3 specimens of Eulophus femoralis
Zehntner.
Zell, Lydia D., Lancaster, Pennsylva-
nia. Three specimens of the Cleisto-
gamous form of Viola obliqita. 31256.
ZiRKEL, Ferdinand. (See under For-
tieth Parallel Survey.)
Zoological Museum. (See under Kiel,
Germany.)
Zoological Museum. (See under Co-
penhagen, Denmark.)
ZsciiOKKE, Prof. Dr. F., Basel, Switzer-
land: Parasitic worms. Exchange.
31458.
Zurich, Switzerland: Zurich Botan-
ical Garden, transmitted by Prof.
Hans Schinz: One hundred and forty-
eight herbarium speciiueus. Kxchange.
31168.
INDEX TO ACCESSION LIST.
131
INDEX TO ACCESSION LIST.
A.— BY LOCALITIES.
AFRICA.
Accession ^o.
Brick, Dr. C 311 17
Brown, Mrs. M'. E 31612
Cook, Prof. 0. F 310 U, 3108fi, 31093
Filer, W.B 32298
( inili.Ttiistown, Albany Museum 31249, 32140
Ht'i(l.'mann O 32287
Ac(!es8ion No.
Leling, Dr. Hans 31181
Morgan de. Monsieur J 31407
Phillips, A. G 31523
Smith, EngcTie 31462
Snyder, Dr. D. 'SV 3115.T
Spatz, P. W. H 31193
AMERICA.
NORTH AMERICA.
Britisli America.
Adams, F.D 30955,31880
Coleman, A. P 32145
Coubeaux, Eugene 31719
Fleming, J. H 31068, 31097
Grant, Col. C. C 30993,31569
Griffin, George 31240
Harrington. W. H 31351
Johnston, Dr. Wyatt 31653
Keen, Kev. J. H 30856, 31222
Latchford, F. K 31191
Macoun, J 32051
Macoun,J. M 31916,31938
Matthew, Dr. G. F ■!1424
Xew Brunswick Red Granite Coni])auy. . 31i^49
Quebec, Canada: Crown lands, Dei)art-
ment of 31320
Victoria, British Columbia: Pmvincial
Museum 31158,31415
Young, C.C 31159
Mexico.
Agriculture, department of 31229
31947,32088,32196
Anthony, A. W 31199
31260, 31282, 31324, 31325, 31667
Breton, M iss Adela 31945
Cockevell, Prof. T. D. A 31042
Duges, Prof. A 31368
31369, 31673, 31697, 31907, 31991, 32131
Fellows, G. S
Fish Commission, U. S
Hamilton, J. M
Heyde, Kev. H. T
Knowlton, AT. .J
Larab.F.H
Manstield Memorial Museum .
30999
31011
30969
31516
30949
31314
31624
Nelson, E. "W" 30898, 30899, 31217,
Palmer, Edward
Pringle, C. G 31507.
Robinson, Dr. B. L
Smith, Rev. L. C
.Smithsonian Institution
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of Eth-
nology)
Tiffany & Co
Townsend, C.H
Van Denburgh, John
"Wayne, A. T
Winton, G. B 31432,
Worthingtcm, I.ieut. Col. L
31648
31710
31627
31211
31053
31989
31803
31905
31819
31856
30852
31802
31830
United States.
ALAB^VMA:
Agriculture, Department of 31531, 31695
Ahlricli, Hon. T. H 31569
Brodie, James 32219
Earle, Prof. F. S 32240
Hooper, J. J 30835
Interior Department {U. S. Geological
Survey) 31976
Hell, P. H 31173
Mohr, Dr. Charles 31113
Moore, Mrs. L. D 31846
Schuchert, Charles 31376
31377, 31385, 31449, 31511, 31647
Underwood, L. M 30882. 31074
Wright, B.U 31563,31712
ALASKA:
Agriculture, Department of 32181, 32196
Arnheim.J.S .32248
BarrettHamilton, G. E. 11 31335
Bean. Dr. T. H 30931
Cantwell.G.G 31711
Howell, Thomas 30913
Interior Department (U. S. Geological
Survey) 31065
Lueaa, F. A 31220, 31508
ilacoun, James 31502
Pabuer, William 31130
Prentis8,D. W.,.jr 32270
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of
Ethnology) 32250
132
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Alaska — Continued. Accession No.
Sylvester, E. O 31851
True.F.W 31951
Arizona :
Asbmun, Rev. E. H 30888
Fewkes, Dr. J. Walter 31274. 31785, 32079
How.nrd,L.0 31766
Hubbard, H. G 31492, 31904, 32259
Lesser, J 31107
Meador, F 31800
Ogburn, Burt 31539, 31742, 31967
Osgood, W.H 32034
Reid, C. H 32035
Smitbsoninn Institution (Bureau of
Etbnology) 30857, 31151, 31599
Sorin, T. R ". 30952
Arkansas:
Brown, C.F 31968
California :
Agriculture, Department of 30843, 3 1 853
Allen, C. A 31058, 31879
Anthony,A.W 31535
Arnbeini, J. S 31197, 31674, 31884, 32104
Austin, Mr.s. R. M 31994
Baker, Dr. Fred 31644
Barlow, Cbester 30858
Beck, R. H 31476
Braverman,M 32212
Breninger, G. F 31463
Brewer, W. H 30877^
Brown.H.E 31854
Burger, "\V. C 31412
California Academy of Sciences 31198
31532, 32032
Chipman, W.F 31939,32148
Cbittenden, N. H 31 782
Clark, G. A 31425
Cohen, D. A 31 247
Cole,Mis8E.A 32042
Crosby.G.S 31598
Daggett, Hon. Jobn 31279,31628,32190
Day, Dr. D. T 31305
Daniel, J. W ., jr 31079
Davidson, Dr. A 31029
Drydeii, Dr. R. C 31200
Ericson Brothers 31823
Emerson, W. 30839
Fellows, G. S 30999
Fish Commission, U. S 31760
Foss, ilulberry 31838
Frost, L.L 31910
Fuchs, Charles 32258
Garner, Edward 32295
Gaylord, Horace 31245
Grinnell, Josepb 31427, .31661,32056
Holziier, F. X 30902, 31688
Hopping, Ralph 31668
Hudson, Dr. J. W 31082,31131
Hudson, M rs. J. W 32063
Interior Department (U. S. Geological
Survey) 31451, 31525
Jepson, W. L 31508
Judson, W.B 31284
Kessler, Frank 31 927
Littlejobn, Cliase 31651
Lowe, H.N 31792,31675
McGregor, R. C 31268, 31303, 31367
California — Continued. Accession No.
Mead, G. B 32178
Moore,Hettie A , 30963
Oldroyd, Mrs. T. S 31430, 31978
Paret, T. D 31662
Parish, S. B 31033, 31536. 31745, 32070
Patterson, Rose 31537
Peabody Museum 31885
Price, W.W 32011
Ransdell, J. TV 32097
Renick, A. B 311.39
Itose, O. G .» 31557
Retberford, W. O 315G1, 31768, 32052
Rutter, Prof. Cloud 31142
Snyder, ,1. 31776
Stearns, Dr. R. E. C 32028
Stephens, F 31919, 32053
Turner, H.W 31406
Walker, Wythe 31990
"Woods, E. L 31005
Wood worth, F. A 32091
Colorado:
Aiken, C. E 31946
Anthony, A. W 31670
Benson, H. W 31551
Bethel, E 31 106
Bliss, C.F 31723
Brunton, D. W 31013
Crandall,C. S 31501
Cross, W 32096
Day,Dr.D.T 31184
Donaldson, D. V 31186
Eakle, A. S ". 3 1 770
Holzinger, J. :M 31390
Interior Department (U. S. Geological
Survey) 30872
31684, 31732, 31733, 31734, 31735, 31965, 32096
Lacoe, R. D 32044
Lee, W. T 31022
McGregor, R. C 31303
Osterhout, G. E 31960, 32071, 32121
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of
Etbnology) 31683
Smuggler Union Mining Company. .. 3J590
Stanton, L.H 30844
Titt'any & Co 31797
Connecticut:
Beecher, Dr. C. E 31455, 31570, 31616
Fames, Dr. E. H 31764
Eaton, G.F 31423
Gillespie, F. B 30985
Interior Department (F. S. Geological
Survey) 31959
Merrill, G. P 30972
Treat, Willard E 31591, 31700
Van Deusen, Mrs. Alys Bates 31465
31552, 31593, 31594, 31614, 31670
Wesleyan University 32213
Williams.F. W 31615
Woostor, A. F 31942
District of Columbia:
Adler, Dr. Cyrus 32077
Agriculture, Department of 31417, 31400
31553, 31626, 31679, 31746, 31811, 30841, 32073
Bartsch, Paul . . 31708, 31790, 31906, 32152, 32252
Beckwitb, Paul 32195, 32261
Bonedict.J.E 31147
INDEX TO ACCESSION LIST.
133
District ok Coiamhia— Cont'd. Accession Xo.
Benton. Frank 31340
Biscoe, H.I 30928
Blair, H. B 31646
Bolton, n. ( "anington 31C31
Brown, E.J 31201
Canby, W.^l 31725.31743
Central High School 31316
Cook, Prof. (). F 30981, 311 18
Cook, Mrs. O. F 31052
Coqnillett, I). W 32084, 32098
Coville, F. V 31308, 3 1993
Cox, Miss Hazel V , 311.54,31182
Crafts, "Wilbur 31870
Daggett. A. S 31472
Dall,AV.H 31881,32100
Danhake. Jol n 31971
Delafield, Miss Emma 31989
Dewey, L.H 31150, 31251. 32038, .32284
Donbleday, ^Mrs. Abner 31948
Dii Boise, H.C 31844
Eastwood. Fred 32113
Figgins, J.D 31840
Fi.xh Commission. U. S 31115
31878, 32002, 32201
I'ortieth Parallel Survey 32107
Forwood, Dr. ^^. H., IT. S. A 31901
FuUer.E.Cr 314.54
Gill, Dr. T.N 32167,32204
Golden,R. A. & Co 30853
Goode. Master riiilip P.urwell 30946
Green, Bernard 309r)9
Greene, Prof. E. L 321.57
Griffiths, David 31239
Hamilton, Mr 31272
Hamilton, Bourne 31278
Harrison. Miss Carrie 31279
Hasbrouck, Dr. E. M 31234,315.56
Haskel.P.D 31063
Hay. W.V 31622
Henry, Miss M. A 32291
32292, 3229.3, 32294
Hodge, Dr.E.R 30833,32116
Horigan. M. E 31775
Howell, E.E 31691,31706,32165
Hubbard, H.G 31493
Hunter, AYilliam 30855. 31820, 31860, 31892
Interior Department (U. S. Geological
Survey) 30863, 30880, 31319, 32066
Johannes, I. W 31285
Johnson, C.E 32119
Johnston, J. P 31483
Kno wlton, F. H 31125, 31161, 32253
Langdale, J. W 32228
Leiter, Joseph 31514
Lo wdermilk, W. H. & Co 30943
Lucas, F. A 31362
Marlatt, C. L 31788
Masius, A. G 32111
Mason. Prof. O. T 31630
Meains,Dr.E. A., U.S. A 32142
Menchini, L 31189
Merriam, Dr. C. Hart 31922
Merrill, G. P 30044
Merritt, W. A 31925
Miller, Dr. G. A 3221 5, 32285
Morgan, Dr. E. L 31205
District of Coi.u.mbi a— Cont'd. Accession No.
National Society, Daughters of the
American Eevolution 31371
3U88, 31611, 32014, 32039
Nelson, E. W 31796
North, H. N 31450, 32251
Olmstead, Mrs. S. H 31702
Palmer, Edward 31859
Palmer, "William 30908, 31043, 31513, 31752
Paschal, J. W 31949
Pollard. C.L 31416
Proudfit, S. r 31774
Ramsey, Thomas 31315
Rector, J 32249
Ridgway, Robert 31329,31589,31172
Ridgway , Dr. T. E 31521
Rose, J. N 31036, 30018, 31354, 32198
Rubin, C. A 30947. 30986, 31075
Schmid, E. S 31146.31271,32080
Schwarz, E. A 31493
Smithsonian Institution 31677
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of
Ethnology) 31737
Smithsonian Institution ( National Zo-
ological Park) 30970
31128, 31145, 312S0, 31299, 31413, 31602
31882, 31903, 31921,32016,32017,32018
Spun-, J. E 31307
Stanton, T. "W 3 1 1 02
Steele, E. S 31333, 31503, 31685
Ste.ineger, Dr. Leonhard 32153
Sullivan, G.N 31690
Ta.s.sin. "Wirt 31318, 31888
Telegraphic Historical Society of
North America 31175, 31545
Topping, D. L 31658, 31694
Townsend, C. H 31363
Treasury Department (Bureau of En-
graving and Printing) 31357
Yaughan, T. "W 31966
"War Department (U. S. Signal Office) - 31944
"Ward, Prof. L. F 32037, 32172, 322.37
"Whipple, "W. B 32076
"Wliite, David 31076, 30887
White,G. W 31004
Whitm.in.V.H 31248
"Wilson, Thomas 316 !6
Wolfe, Miss E. A 31902
Zell, Lydia D 31256
Florida:
Andrews, J. O 31099
Barnes, A.J 31974
Brimley, H. H. & C. S 31546, 31728, 31924
Burtch, "Yerdi 31242
Bryant,0 31911
Carter, E. B 31783
Cory, C. B 32004
Curtiss, A. H 30977,
31067, 31214, 31447, 31722
Ernst, H. A 32207
Evermann, Prof. B. "W 31359, 31807
Featherstonaugl), T 31781
Francis, Joseph 32232
Hempel, Adolph 31763
Hinton, Prof. "W. B 31348
Hopkins, S 30937, 31085
Ingersoll, J . C 31019
134
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Florida— Continued. Acrcssion No.
Interior Depiirtnient (F. S. Geolofiical
Survey) 31527
Litehlieid, Arcliibnld 3U70
McMillan, P. A 31477
Mills, E. A 30012, 31439
Pearce, C. W 3 1192
Pine, George 32137, 32059
Poey.F 31165
Smithsonian In.stitutiou (National
Zooloyieal Park) 32015
Strauahan, J. W 31383, 31509, 32064
ToUin, Oscar 31438
Webb, Dr. De AVitt 31572, 31678, 31850
Webb, W.F 30890
Webber, H.J 31216
White, J. J 31349
Willoujibby, n. L 31134
Georgia :
Bereknian, P. J 31135
Frix, A.M 30990
Gill, J. P 31748
Howell.E.E 30992
Kenesaw Marl)Ie Company 31015
Kuuz, G. F 31306
Lycett, Edward 31784
Moore, C. B - 31474
Steiner, Ur. Roland 30938,30970
31050, 31235, 31237, 31258, 313U, 31313
31347, 31484, 31497, 31541,31931,32214
Wright, B. H 31360, 31505, 31597
Idaho :
Courtney, C.W 32222
Evermann, Prof. B. W 31 567
Everniann, T. B 31866
Heller, A. A 31435
Meek. Prof. S. E 31610,31619
Merrill, Dr. J. C, U. S. A . . . 30889, 31080, 31218
Packard,R.I 31047
Spence, K. S 31108
ILUNOLS :
Bartlett, Mrs. N G 31000
Chicago Academy of Sciences 31657
31956, 30929
Carr,J. C 30859
Cockerton, F. T 31420, 31543, 31789
Daniels, L.E 30860
Duvall, IT. C 31773, 31815, 31954
Elrod,M..T 31270
Fay,H.W 31044,32082
Field Columbian Museum 32027
Guthrie. Ossian 31391, 31909, 32247
Hershey , O. H 31913
Hess.I.E 31680
Holmes. S.J 31402
Hood, S. 15 31961
H u e 1 1, J . W 31912
Marsli, W. A 31298
Miindt, A. H 32188
Ne wsam, Frank 30939
Phillips, Dr. W. A 31837
Robertson, (Jharles 30971
Root and Field 321.")0
Sheahan. Tlumias 31727
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of
Ethnology) 31883
Illinois— Ointinuod. Accession No.
Thoinp.soii, H. D ,32264
Worthen,C.K 31869
Indian Territory:
Interior Department (IT. S. Geological
Survey) 31852
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of
Ethnology) 1 32272
Indiana;
Blatchley, W. S 31641
Daniels, L. E 31592
Hessler, Robert 31452
Kirsch, P. H . . . 30894, 31021
Smithsonian Institution 31263
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of
Ethnology) 30961
Sprinz, B 31202, 31606
Taylor, J . G 30900
Test, Dr. F. C 32223
T womey, George 31263
Iowa :
American Archiieological and Asiatic
Association 31632
Anderson,R.M 30869
Goddard, Herbert 32200
Hall, D. F 32170
Iowa, State University of 32029
Le Grand Quarry Com])any 31820
Osboni, Prof. H 31519
Paminel, L. H 31671, 32000
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of
Ethnology) 32138
Strong, Miss Louise L 32162
VanHyning, T 32037
Young, J. A , 31635
Kansas :
Acker, Dr. E. S 31660
Agriculture, Department of 31389, 31738
Baker Univer.sity 31515
Chase,Dr.A.G 31549
Clarke, Prof. F. W 31188
Cooley, Bartlett 31810
Crevecoeur, F. F 31418
Gould, C.N 32262
Knaus, Warren 30900, 31190
Meeker, Grace 30881
Osboni, Dr. E. H 32271
Peek, Amos 30919
Perkins, L.M 31203
Pringle, H. N 31027
Smithsonian Institution 31188
Smithsonian Institution (National Zo-
ological Park) 32020
Ward, Prof. L. F 31358
Kentucky :
Burns, W. R 32031
Call, Prof. R. Ellsworth 31943
Dickhaut, H. E 31431
McGuire, Hon. J. D 31958
Taylor, J. G 30960
Terrell, J. A 31122. 31317
Louisiana :
Beyer, Dr. G. E 31608, 32101 . 32282
Brodnax,Dr. B. H 3114'J
Frierson, L. S 31127, 31480, 31833
Mc Adoo, W. G .,,)r 31575
INDEX TO ACCESSION LIST.
135
LorisiAXA — Continued. Accession Xo.
McUlKTiny, E. A 31120
Kichards, Elias 31140
Smithsonian lustitntion (Xational Zo-
ological Tark) 30883
Wrigbt, B. H 31180
Maine:
Boardraan.G. A 31261
Chamberlain, Dr. L. T 32227
Fe.rnald, M. L 31487
Hai-dy, ilanly 30984
Howell.E.E 31109
Merrill. G. P 30924, 30972
Merrill, L.H 32189
Morrell. C. H 31718
, Morrell, H.K 30916,31103,31276
Morton. F. S 31894
New Brunswick Red Granite Com-
pany 31849
Eideout, K. S 31701
Shead, ilrs.E. E 31221
Smithsonian Institution 32227
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of
Ethnology) 31437
Maryland :
Benedict, J. E 30846
Benedict. J. E.,jr 31676
Brown, Lincoln 30942
Eriedbolm. A 31087,31196
Gordon, Robert H 31649, 31730, 31816
Grindall, Dr. C. E 32163
Holt, H. P. R 31828
Johnston, J. P 31483
Long, J. C 30967
' McGuire, Hon. J. U 31609
Marshall, George 32281
Marshall, Henry 32123
Mearns, Dr. E. A., U. S. A 31480
Merrill, G. P 31062, 31096, 31152
Olds, H. W 30840, 31124
Scudder.N.P 30978
Sheriff, D. T 31375
Shri ver, Howard 30917, 32106
Smith, L.H 30905
Steele, E. S 31503
Steitz, Adam 30871,30956
Taylor, Mi.ss K. A 31403
Thorne,E.J 30914
Treasury Department (U. S. Life-
Saving Service) ." 31399
Ulke, Henry 31259
Williard, T. E 31152
Anilis, L. D 31233
Woltz. George 31877
Massachusetts:
I'.lankinship, J. AV 31873
Cole, J. L 3 1565
Collins, F. S 31343, 31703
Cook, Mrs. O.F 31092,31252
Cory, Prof. C. B 32040
C. H. Cowdrey Machine Works 31687
Cummings, Miss C. E 31393
Day, F. H 31288
Frazar,G.B 31322
Gray Herbarium 31699
Greenman,-J. M 30874
Massachusett.s— Continued. Accession No.
Grinnell, J. H 31078
Gurley, R. R 30861
Herbarium of Harvard University... 31962
Heliotype Printing Company 31809
Hillman, N. H 30989
Howard, L. O 31766
Kendall, W. G 31595, 31023
Merrill.^G. P 31804
Museum of Comjiarative Anatomy.. 30994
Rice, Miss S. T 31228
Sargent, C. S , 31721
Smithsonian Institution 32093
Ten Eyck, Miss D 31321
Tan Rensselaer, A. Cortlandt 32093
Williams College 32220
Michigan:
Dodge, B.E 30979,31506,31747,32193
Gresley, W. S 31473
Hetherington, W. P 31002
Hilbourn Printing Company 30922
Kirkland, Dr. R. J ... 31479, 31.506, 31600, 3160]
Leonard, Miss G. L 31411
Scott, G. H 31095
Teflt, Dr. F. O 32265
Tucker, Mrs. L. M 31666
Walker, Bryant 31094
Wheeler, C. F 30915
Minnesota :
Hewitt, A 30851, 31049
Holzinger, J. M 32009
Lano, Alliert 30494, 31689
MacMiUan. C 31032
Mearns, Dr. E. A., U. S. A 31986
Minnesota, University of 32225
Minnesota, Herbarium of the Uni-
versity of 31988
Pringle, H.N 310O8
Sardeson, Dr. F. W 31726
Smith, Mrs. A. "SI 31918
Tilden, Josephine E 31620
Mississippi :
Briggs, A. A 30975
Evermann, Prof. B. W 31995
Medford, H. C 31822
Pollard, C. L 31238
Schuchert, Charles .. 31230,31241.31378,31647
Tracy,S.M 30879,31148
Vanez, Dr. G. W. Smith 31740
Missouri :
Blair. R. A 31736
Britts, Dr. J. H 31380, 31528
Bush, B. F 31429, 31765, 31798, 31829, 3183G
Carrico, E. T 31761, 31987
Galtfelter, Dr. W. M 31 843
Greger, D. K 30884, 31 174, 31550, 31729
Hurler, Julius, sr 31580
Keaney, W. M 31845
Missouri Botanic Garden 31041
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of
Ethnology) 31883
Trelease, Prof. William .
Widmann, Otto
MONTANA:
M. Dunn & Co
Interior, Department of.
31655
32139
31185
31777
136
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Montana— Continued. Accession No.
Interior Department (tJ. S. Geological
Survey) , 31664
31665, 31705, 31750, 31762, 32241
Knaiith,E 31070
Mumbrue, D. P 32047
Ry(lberg,r. A 31932,32173
Smithsonian Institution (National
Zoological Park) ^ 31023,31577
Trapliagen, F. W '. 31183
Williams, K. S 31397, 31874 , 320G9
Nebraska :
Aslimun, Eev.E. H 30888
Bates, .1. M 31419
Bettesworth, G. W 31988, 32065
Bourke, Mrs. J. G 31963
Lafler, H. A 30907
Nebraska, University of 31498
Sabine, G. W 31400
Scott, George 31779
Skew, Lawrence 31401
Smout, Mrs. T. J 31848
Trostler, Isador S 3183,''.
Whitehorn, Worth 30870
Nevada :
Kay.ser, W 31668
Walcott, Hon. C.I) 32045
New Hampshike:
Eaton. A. A 31930
Hitchcock, Prof. C. H 31520
Thayer, A. H 30854
New Jersey:
Beckers, Alex 32191
Beckett, W. H. 31992
Cassady, J. M 31176
Ceramic Art Company 31637
Fewkes, Dr. J.W 31785
Havens, J. G. W 31243
Princeton University, Trustees of 32030
Smith, Prof. J. B 30908,32199
Smithsonian Institution 32030
Washington, H. S 30911
Willetts Manufacturing Company . . . 32126
Yates, Jesse 30998
New Mexico :
Agriculture, Departmoot of .31144, 31244, 32181
Ashmun, Kev. E. H 30888, 31279
Biedenuan, C. K 32149
Cockorell, Prof. T. D. A 30948
31061, 31621, 32025, 32072
De Mier, J. R 32109
Gold, J 31446
Interior Department (U. S. Geological
Survey) 31684
Key, Clarence 31977
Metcalfe, J. K 31861
Mindeleff, Cosmos 30945
Smith, H.I 31441
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of
Ethnology) 31983,32102,32288
Tinsley, J. D 31392
New York :
Agricultuie, Department of 31370,32192
Bierstadt, E 31090
Blunck, A. E 31584
Britton, Dr. N. L 31709
Brown, Mr.s. J. Crosby ,?1791, 32008
New York — Continued. Accession No.
Brooks, A. U 32012
Burtch, Verdi 31264
31445, 31468, 31574, 31669
Carpenter, Capt. W. L., U. S. A 32244
Cashman, N 32194
Clarke, Prof. J. M 31757
Dale, T. Nelson 31900
Davi.s, J. W 31588
Dayton, C. N 31098
Dean, S. 15 31855
Dyar, Dr. H. G 31166
English, G.L., & Co 31898
Eno.s, Mrs. D. C 32061
Franklin, T. W 30582
Gill, Dr. T. N 3ig57
Gilman, Collamore &. Co 32050
Goode, Dr. G.Brown 30966
Hanselman, J.J 30926
Hart, W. W. & Co 317.59
Haswell, C. H 31871
Hawley, F. W 31821
Higginsand Seiter 31576
Holcomb, E. G 31585
Interior Department (U. S. Geological
Survey) 31065
Judson, Mrs. Isabello Field 32289, 32290
Kan Ko Ba 31935
Kolekian, D. G 31915
Kolly,J.E 31310
Kessler, Frank 31928
Kuy-Scheerer & Co 31969
Kunz, G. F 30901, 31365
Lowe, Dr. J. N 32130
McGee, S. B 31520
McKesson & Robbins 31825
Mearns, Dr. E. A., U. S. A . . 31110, 31250, 31342
Meder, Ferd 31805
Merrill, G.P 31753
Moore, Mrs 31638
Niven and Hopping 31012
Pinkerton,Mrs. S. E 32083
Ralph, Dr. W.L 32007
Regua, Mrs. E. M 321 15
Rydberg, P. A 31832, 3211
San.shodo 31908,31937
Savage, M.F 31372
Small, Dr. J. K 31421,32036
Smithsonian Institution 32007
Smitlisonian Institution (National
Zoological Park) 31414
Snyder, Dr. F. D 31495
Starin, Col. J. 11 31573
Stevenson, Prof J. J 32276
Stevens, S. G 31 ] 95
Stranahan, J. W 32254
Tassin, Wirt 31300
Tellery, S.J. &: Co 30965
Tiffany, C. L 30951
TitVany & Co 31143,31899,31936
Underwood, Prof. L. M 32184
Van Gaa.sbealt &. Arkell 31914,31952
Ward,lI.A 30953
Ward's Natural Science Establish-
ment 31698, 31704, 31720, 31741
31744, 317.56, 31758, 31780, 31782, 31793
31896, 31981, 31982, 32005, 32006, 32054
INDEX TO ACCESSION LIST.
137
New York— Contiiiucd. Accession No.
Webb, C. H 32209
Webb, W. F 31459
Western Union Telegrapb Company. 31262
31286,31652
Williams. F.H 30920.31350
Wilson, J. S 31-f69
Wood.X.R 30868
Wright, B.H 31219
31336, 31386, 31478, 31863, 32078. 32146
North Carolina:
Agriculture. Department of 31533
Biltmore Herbarium 31818, 32238
Bowman, D. A 31187
Brimley, C. S 30964,31000
Brimley. H. H. & C. S 31924
Brown, Glenn 31388
Dail, J 32001
Engle, H.M 31294
Fi.sli Commission, TJ. S 31387
Garman, H 31934
Holmes, J. A 30973
Holmes, J. S 31886
Savannah Mining Company 32117
Smith J. Shirley 32024
Spainhour. J. M 32060
Tassin, Wirt 31290
Walker, Dr. Bryant 31024
Wetherby. A. G 31028, 31312
Wilson, Thomas 31633
KoRTH Dakota :
Bryant, E. S 31069,32103
King.C.D 31841
Pope, Capt. J. W., U. S. A 31215
Ohio:
Appleton, J. M 31007
CascH. B 31374
Cincinnati Society of Natural His-
tory 32160
Girtj-, Dr. G. H 31384
Good,H.F 31827
Herger, Kev. H 31955
Hostetter, Karl 31084
Kruger,P.W 32046
Mansfield Memorial Museum 31624
Masterman. E. E 3144b
Euff,J.A 30991
Rush, K. C 32267,32299
Selby, A. D 31394
Sterki, Dr. V 31323
Stout, Wilbur 31373, 31443
Webster, Prof. F. M 32151
Whitehead. John 32174
Oklahoma Territory :
Interior Department (U. S. Geological
Survey) 31852
Ward, Prof. L. F 313.58
OREGO.V :
Agriculture, Department 6f 30836
31331,31681
Andrus, F. H 30930,31328,31596
Applegate, E. I 31345
31654,31972,31997,31999
Biederman, C. R 32149
Brown, U. E 31854
CasteehJ.N .. 31512
€ohen,D. A 31247
Oregon — Continued. Accession No.
Day, Dr. D. T 31305
Fuller, Miss Fay 31255
Gorman, W.W 31714
Kunzie, Mrs. Helen Kane 31875
Lincoln, H. D 32147
Merriam, Dr. C. Hart 31232
Meritt. Prof.J.W 31G82
Oregon Auriculturai College 32266
Rickscecker. A. E 30988
Saunders, W. G 31808
Smithsonian Institution (National
Zoological Park) 32021, 32022
Stanley, ». T 32159
Wright. S. R 31 444
Pennsylvania:
Abel, J. C 30983
31236, 31656. 31858, 31957, 32023, 32081
Anthony,H.R 32114
A vondale Marble Company 31587
Banner. W.H 32161
Bibbins. Arthur 31663
Bryn Mawr College 31713
Chapman, S. H. & H 31876
Cornman, C. T 31426, 32062
Culin. Stewart 31517
Daniel, Dr. Z. T 30932,31330
Day, Dr. D.T 31405
Deisher,H.K 31564
Entriken,S. J 31865
Evans, A. B 31089
Foote, Dr. A. E 31897
Heller, A. A 30904, 30997, 31035, 31227
Hoflman. Dr. W. J 31064
Interior Department {V. S. (Geological
Survey) 31527,32168
Lehman, AT.T 31379,31499
Lochman, C.N 31034
Lorenz, John 32099
Miller, Fannie 31617
National Society, Daughters of the
American Revolution 31488
Nordstrom, O. F 31807
Lehan.Paul 32075
Palmer, T.C 3U22
Philadelphia Academy of Sciences.. 31724
Polock, M 30995
Porter, T.C 32229
Prince Manufacturing Company 31001
Eambo, M.Elmer 31834,32183
Rothrock, Thomas 31031, 31923, 32217
Schneider, Louis 31138
Slater,Mis8 S. R 32068
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of
Ethnology) 31133
Stahl.E.M. 32136
Stewart. Dr. T. B 31046
Ta.ssin, Wirt 31304
Town8end,C. H 31267
Van Kirk, J 31297
Wagner Free Institute of Science . . . 31887
Waychoff, A.J 31364
Wenzel, H. W 31223. 31366
White, D 32120
Rhode Island:
American Electrical Works 31548
Collins, J. F 31893
138
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Khodk Island— Coutiniieil. Accession Xo.
Dickins, (Joniinaiuler V. W., U. S. N. . 3]<)96
Drownc, F. P 30895
Lewis, G. A 30947, 3204]
Taylor, Miss Evelyn 31847
Tlionipsoii, M. T 31814
South Cakomna:
Hiitcliiiisoii,!. W 31111
.Tolinsoii, J. N 30982
Stilton, J . J 32132
Wayne, A. T . . 30852. 3090(5, 31273, 31296, 31344
31920, 31976, 32202, 32203, 32229, 32243
South Dakoka: ,
15oyle, Dr. C. B 31017
Coues, Dr. Elliott 31157
Daniel, Dr. Z. T 30987
Ellis, E. A 31715, 32108
Forwood, Dr. W. H., U. S. A 30902
Kane, W.G 31116
Van lie Erve, H 32233
Wilcox, E. N 31453
Williams, T. A 31301
Tennessee :
Benedict, J. E 32158
Kearney, T. H., jr 31002
Palmer, William 32105
Pilsbry.H.A 31018
Schuchert, Charles 32166
Watson, J. M 30950
Wilson, Thomas 32169, 32200
Texas :
Agriculture, Department of 32127, 32135
Attwater, H. P 31077,31114,31890
Benners, G. B 31283
Boscoe, J. F 31346
Brensing, H 32129
Driishell, J. A 31929
Fish Commission, U. S 31009. 31167, 32043
Gregory, James 30927
Hildebrandt, A. M 32095, 32185
Hill,R.T 31309,32156
Hopkins, Miss Sue 31204
Howard. N.C 31038
Le wi.s, E. C 31104
Locke.Otto 31940
]^tar.sh, W. A 31410
Mitchell, Hon. J. D 31 030, 31171
31524, 31787, 31804, 32085, 32124, 32226
Nesmith, H.M 32211
Neville, E. A 31579
Price, R. .H 32210
Re verchon, J 30867
Rose, J.N 32255
Sayers, l^Irs. J. D 31778
Sciiaui)p, F.G 31996
SliuCeldt, Dr. R. W 32164
Simpson, T.L 32125
Skrchot, R. F 31547
Smithsonian Institution (National Zo-
ological Park) 30848
Spencer, A. L 32208
Thorpe, H. H 30864, 31257
Von Steeruwitz, W. H 31510
Wright, J. F 30936
\Vurzlow,H 31891
I Utah: Accession No.
Day,Dr.D.T 31405
Eastwood, Miss Alice 310:17
Gilbert, G.K 31571
Heiks, V. C 31544
Hillebraud, Dr. W. F 31006
Howell, E. E 30940
Interior Department (V. S. Geologii al
Survey) 31291
Jones, W. E 316irj
Merriam, Dr. C. Hart 32094
Stearns, Elmer 32236
Vermont :
Dale, T. Nelson 31900
Hitchcock, Prof. C. II 31520
Howe, M. A 31 102
Interior Department (U. S. Geological
Survey) 31731
Virginia:
Ay ers, George 31461
Bartsch, Paul 32269, 32286
Boyd, C. R 31586
Brewster, William 31603
Broders, A. C 31045
Brown, E.J 3 1559
Campbell,M.R 32143
Daniel, J. W.,jr 31079
Engle, H. M 31294
Figgins, J. D 31831
Fisher, Capt. Walter 31169
Frierson, L. S 31640
Goad, G. W 31055
Hitchins, Capt. G. D 32257
Howell, E.E 31672
Hunter, William 30903
Interior Department (U. S. Geological
Survey) 30980
Lune, William 31137
McCullock,J 30838
Mearns, Dr. E. A., U. S. A 30892
30923, 30925, 31480, 32216
Mearns, L. di Z 31538,31578
Merrill, G. P 31275
Morgan, Dr.E.L 32246
Morrison, J. H 32013
National Society, Daughters of the
American Revolution 31488
Newhall,W.H 31953
Palmer, William 31020, 32182, 32256. 31356
Paul, Col. A. C, U.S. A 31361
Prentiss, D. W., jr 32263, 32274
Proudfit, A. V 31774
Riley, J. H 31178, 31246, 32026
Robinette,F 32177
Robinette, G. W 31 208
Robiuotte, J. D 31013, 31051
Robinsoi , Lieut. Wirt, IT. S. A 3115.i
Robinson, W.R 31059
Rorebeck.C. G 31295
Smithsonian Institution (National
Zoological Park ) 32128
Sword, J . F 30974
Ta.ssin,Wirt 31292
Warden, Jacob 30958
Wright, B.H 31.563
INDEX TO ACCESSION LIST.
139
■Washington: Accession No.
Denuisoii. G. W 32144
Drake, CM.... 31265, 3140,-*, 32122, 32279, 32283
Elmer, A.D. E 31534
Fuller,Mis8 Fay 31255
Haumiond, Mrs. C. W 31625
Me I , M iss Ne 11 y 30862
Olney, Mrs. M. P 31629
Piper, O. V 31 194, 31326, 31433
Randolph. P. B 31786
Ratliray , Rev. B. F 31518
Russell, Prof. I. C 31530
Smithsonian Institntion 31496
Suksdorf.W.N 30893,31582
Swan. J. G 31442
Whited, Kirk 31112
TouDgblood, J. E 31496
Tonng Xaturalists Society 31353
West Virginia:
Buzzard, S.S 31554
Haymond, Mrs. Dorcas 31352
Houfch, "Walter 31382
Maxwell.H 31834
Pulliam,C.X 30878
Rumsey.'W.E 320.58
Simms, C. Is" 31857
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of
Ethnology) 31642
■West Tiii«ixi.\— Continued. Accession No.
Surl>er,T 31287
Wilson, B. J 31489
"Wisconsin :
Agriculture, Department of 31485
Briggs, A.A 31039
31100,31141,31332
Champion, "W. R 31984, 32273
Long, M. E 32245
Porter, "W.D 31231
Random, Gilbert 31083
Sihuette, J. N 32186
Van Hise, C. R 32278
Wyoming:
Agriculture, Department of 30837
Craig. R.L 31160
Hunter, Charles 31466
Interior Department 32206
Interior Department (U. S. Geological
Survey) 32218, 31281
Knight, Prof. W. C 31767
Xelsou, Aven 31933
Schoenfelt. J. B 31010
Sherman, C. A 31686
Smithsonian Institution (Xational
Zoological Park) 31207
Stanton, T.AV 31475
Wilson, Aven 31350
West Indies.
Andrews, Dr. E. A 32133
Chamberlain, Dr. L. T 31839
Chastrand, A. D 31471
Conant, F. S 31436
Greenman, J. M 31501
Hart, J. H 31119,31210
Herman, W. W 31400
Hubbard, H. G 31016, 31025
Iowa, State University of 32049
Rieksecker, A. E 315U0
Sig.sbee, Commander C. D., U. S. X 31562
Wirt,Dr. W.W 31772
CENTRAL AMERICA.
Chamberlain, Dr. L.T.... 31839
Costa Rica, National Museum of 30850,32230
Field Columbian iluseum, Chicago, 111. . . 31084
How, Rev. Henry 32092
Kent Scientific Institute, Grand Rapids,
Mich 31056
Moloney, Sir Alfred 30933,31026
Palm, Charles 31327
Rusby, Dr. H. H 31716
SOUTH AMERICA.
Batalin, Alexander 31120
l?iTlin, (iermany : Botanical Museum 31707
Brownlow.Hon. W. P 31604,31605
Coliui.G.A 31979
Emmons, S. F 32048
Fairbanks Museum of Natural Science,
St. .lohusbury , Vt 31334
Foetterle, .1. G 30921
Howell, E.E 31749
Ihering, von Dr. H 30935, 31917
Rusby, H. H 30875. 31003
Rush, Dr. W. H., U. S. N 32280
Schmid. E. S 31209
Scott, Prof. W. B 32297
Smithsonian Institution 31225
Varsovie, Russia : Branieki Museum 32231
Hobbs, B. S.
30954
ASIA.
Abbott. Dr. W.L 31341,31941
Agriculture, Department of 31926
Amherst College Observatory, Amherst,
Mass 31985
Calcutta, India: Botanic Gardens 31213, 31482
Calkins, Lieut. C. G., U. S. N 31289
Cossum, C. S 32086
Gillispie,r.B 30909
Hippisley, A. E 30941
Japan, Geological Survey of 32300
Merrill, G. P ' 31824
Namiye, M 31490
Noza wa, S 31755
Rockhill, Hon. W. W 31129
Scidmore, Miss E. R 31224
Shanghai, China: St. John's College 31156
140
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Accession No.
Stanford, A. W 32235
Stejneger, Dr. Leonhard 31577
Tokyo, Japan : Science College of the Im-
perial University 31817,32118
Tribolet,Mr8.M.A 32074
Acce.ssion No.
Varsovie, Russia : Branicki Museum 32231
Ward's Natural Science EstablishiiiiMit,
Kochester, N. Y 31895
Wilder, G. D 31739
Tang Yii, Cliinese niini.ster 31964
Asia Minor.
White, Dr. 0. A ,
EUROPK.
(INCLUDING GREAT BRITAIN.
Accession No.
Adler, Dr. Cyrus 30910
Barcelona, Spain: Koyal Aiadcuiy of
Science and Arts 31226
Berlin, Germany : Botanical Museum 31751
Berlin, Germany: Koyal Zoological Mu-
seum 31339, 31607
Boettcher, F. L. J 31105
Boncanl, A 31634
Bricli, Dr. C 31717
Brown, C.S 30891
Bryant, H. G 31832, 32010
Cliernelbiiza, Stefen Chernel von 31164
Comes,rrof.O 30849
Cook.Mrs.G.F 31092
C« >pineau , C 30957
Cornell University, Ithaca, N. T 31975
English, G. L., & Co 31404
Geneva, Switzerland : Musee d'Histoire
Naturelle 32268
Given, J. r 32187
Glaisher, James 31950
Hamburg, Germany : Hamburg Museum. 31338
Hemsloy, W. B 31800
Herman, W. W 31409, 31487
Hind, Dr. Wheelton 30890
Ilinlze, A 32090
Holm.T.W 31054
Hough, Walter 31440
Howell, E. E 30934, 32242
Karnten, Austria: Tiroler Botaniker, Die
Freie Vereinigung 30885
Kiel, Germany : Zoological Institute 31693
Kindlo,E.M 31529
Koehler.Dr.R 32234
Kowalewski, Dr. M 31456
I.angdale, J. W 31794
liassimonne, S. E 31428
Lecho, I'rof. Wilhelm 31136
Accession No.
Lemke, Madame E 31795
Lendenfeld, von, Prof. R 32175
London, England : British I^luseum . . 31482, 31583
Lyons, France: Museum of Natural His-
tory 31540
Manchester, England: Manchester Mu-
seum 32277
Meek, Prof. S. E 32197
Moss, W illiam 32180, 32275
Nutt, David 31132
Oxford, England : Oxford University Mu-
seum 31121
Paris, Fr.ance: Museum of Natural His-
tory 321 1 2
Pearson, W.H 31558
Prentiss, D. W.,.ir 31206, 31209
Kailliet, Prof. A 31457
Salford, Lancashire, England: Royal Mii
seum 30865
Schumann, Dr. K 31862
Seaton-Karr, H. W 31522
Smithsonian Institution 31950
Tassin, Wirt 31293, 31889
Thayer, A. H 32176
Thompson, D' Arcy , 31639
Tring, England: Tring IMusenm 31302
Tschusi, von, Victor Ritter zu Scbniid-
hoffeu 31073
Turin, Italy: Royal Zoological Museum. 31464
32224
Vienna, Austria: Royal >atural History
Society Hofmuseum 31355
Warming, Dr. E 319J11
Wesley, W.,& Son 32089
Zschokke, Prof. Dr. F 31458
Zurich, Switzerland: Zurich Botanical
Garden 31168
OCE.VNICA.
AUSTRALASIA.
Australia.
A griculture. Department of 31 926
Baker.li.T 31101,31103,31212
Bogan, R 31434
Houcard, A 31555
Brick, Dr. C 31117
Clark, James 30886
Dall,Dr. W.H 32179
Grant, F.H 31.542
Smithsonian Institution (National Zoo-
logical Park) 31398
Sntor, Henry 31 245, 31812
Sydney, New Soutli W.iles: Australian
Museum 31081
Miiller, von. Baron Ferd. . 31040, 31060, 31088, 31266
Ward's Natural Science Establishment,
Rochester. N. Y 32155
INDEX TO ACCESSION LIST.
141
Malaysia.
Accession No.
Hanilino Univer.sity, St. Paul, Minn 31123
Larut, Ferak, Strait.s Settlements: Perak
Museum 31643
Accession No.
Savage, M. F 30845
TValker, Bryant 32087
Zehntner, Dr 32296
Polynesia.
Bolle.s, Mrs. C. C 30866
Fish Conunissiou, U. S. 31011
Flood, O.D 31072
Henshaw, H. W 31491, 31754
Knud.sen, Waklemar 31771
Islands in the Southern Pacific Ocean.
Bernard, Dr.F 31337
Christcliurcli : Canterbury !Museum,New
Zealand 30996.
rar(iuliar, H .
Sutor, Henry.
30873
30381
B.— BY DEPARTMENTS I\ THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.
DEFAKTMENT I.
Mammals.
Accession No.
Abbott, Dr. W. L 31341, 31391
Alien C.A 31879
Anthony, A. W 31199
Benedict, J. E 30846
Berlin, Germany: Royal Zoological Mu-
seum 31G07
Cook, Prof. O. F 31014
Daggett, A. S 31473
Daniel, Dr. Z. T 30897
Dug.-s,Dr. A 32131
Elrod, Prof. M. J 31270
Filer, W. B 32298
Franklin, T.W 30582
Fuller,E.G 31454
Gill, Dr. T.N 321G7
Hamilt(m, Bourne 31278
Hart, William ^V., Ji: Co 31759
Interior, Department of . . .- 31777
Marshall, H. R 32123
Mearns, Dr. E. A., r. S. A 3Ufc23
30925, 31110,31250, .32142
Mearns, L.di Z 31538,31578
Meek, Prof. S. E 31619
Merrill, G.P 30924
Morgan, Dr. E. L 31205, 32246
Niven >S: HopjiiDg '. 31012
I'ahner, William 30968
31020, 31043, 31350, 31513. 32105
Patterson, Hon. A . ,T 31 604
Pearce, C. AV 31192
Prentiss, D. "W., jr 31206. 31209, 32274
Rubin, C.A 30986, 31075
Scudder, N. P 30978
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of Eth-
nology) 31437
Smithsonian Institution (National Zoo-
logical Park) 30848,30070,31128,31207
31280, 31398, 31413, 31414, 31692, 31903, 32128
Snyder, J. O 31776
Spatz, P. \V. H 31193
Accession No.
Stejneger. Dr. Leonhard 31801
Stephens, F 31919, 32053
Stevens, S. G 3 1195
Surber, T 31287
Treat, Willard 31591,31700
Tollin, Oscar 31438
Ward's Natural Science Establishment,
Rochester, N. Y 31744, 32006
Warden, Jacob 30958
Wilder.G.D 31739
Wills, Rev. James 31618
Wolfe, Miss E. A 31902
Wood, N. R 30868
Wortlien. C. K 31869
DEPARTMENT II.
Birds.
A bbott. Dr. W. L 31341, 31941
Aiken, C.E 31946
Anderson, R. M 30869
Anthony, A. W 30070, 31324, 31325, 31667
Attwater, H. P 3 1 114
Ayers, George 31461
Beck, RolloH 31476
Benedict, J. E 31 147
Benton, Frank 31.340
Boucard, A 31555
Breninger, G. F 31463
Brewster, William 31603
Brown, E.J 31559
Brownlow, Hon. W. 1' 31605
Bryant, E. S 32103
California Academy of Sciences 31198
Cant\vell,G.G 31711
Carpenter, Capt. W. L., F. S. A 32244
Central High School, Washington, D. C . . 31316
Chernelhilza, Stefan ("hernel von 31164
Costa Rica, National Museum of 30850
Coubeaux, Eugene 31719
Cones, Dr. Elliott 31157
142
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Accession No.
Cox.iliss Hazel van Zandt 31154,31182
Danhakor, Jolin 31971
Denuison, G. AV 32144
Fijrgins, J. 1) 31831, 31840
Filor, \V.15 32298
Fisher, Capt. Walter 31169
Fleming, J. II 31068, 31097
Flood, O.D 31072
Francis, Joseph 32232
Gill, Dr. T. N 32204
Gialianistown, South Africa: Albanj^ Mu-
seum 31249, 32140
Griunell, J 31427, 31661, 32056
Hamilton, M 31272
Hasbrouck, Dr. K. M . . . . •. 31234, 31556
He.ss, I. E 31680
Hewitt, A 30851
Heyde, Pvov. H. T 31516
Hinton, Prof. W. 15 31348
Hintze, zV 32090
Ingersoll, J. C 31019
Judson,'\Y.B 31284
Kent Scientific Institute, Grand IJapids,
Mich 31056
Knowlton,F.H 32253
Lano, A 31494,31689
Leiter, Joseph 3151 4
Littlejohn, Chase 31651
Lucas.F.A 31220
McIlhenny,E. A 31120
McGregor, K. C 31268, 31367
McMillan, P. A 31477
Mastennan, E. E . . , 31448
Mead, G. B 32178
Mearns, Dr.E. A.,IJ.S. A 31110,31250
Meeks, Prof. S. E 31610
Merrill, Dr. J. C. U. S. A 30889, 31218
Merrit t, AV. A 31925
Mitchell, G. E 31769
ilorrell, C. H 31718
Newhall, AV. H 31953
Osgood, AV. H 32034
Palmer, William 31752, 32105
Pearce, C. AV 31192
Prentiss, D. AV., jr 32263, 32274
Price, W.A^' 32011
Ralph, Dr. AV. L 32007
Richmond, C. AV 31769
Ridgway, Albert 31172, 31329, 31589
Riley, J. H 32026
R<)binette,F 32177
Robinson, Lieut. AVirt, U. S. A 31153
Rose, 0. G 31557
Sabine,ti.AV 31400
Schraid, E. S 31146, 31269, 31271, 32080
Scott, Prof. W. B 32297
Sheriflf, D. T 31375
Skow, Lawrence 31401
Smithsonian Institution .'52007
Smithsonian Institution (National Zoo-
logical Park) 31023
31145, 31299, 31677, 31882, 31921
Snyder, Dr. F. D 31495
Snyder, J. O 31776
Starin, Col. J. H 31573
Stejueger, Dr. Leonliaid 31801
Accession No.
Sullivan, G. N 31690
Sydney, New Soutli AVales: Australian
M useum 31081
Terrell, J. A 31122, 31317
Thayer, A. H 32176
Thorne, E. J 30914
Tokio, Japan: Science College, Imperial
T'niversity 31817
Treat, AV. E 31700
Tring, England: Tring Museum 31302
Trostler, I. S 31835
Tschusi, von, Victor Ritter zu Schmid-
hofifen 31073
Varsovie, Russia: Branicki Museum 32231
Victoria, British Columbia: Provincial
Museum 31158,31415
AVard's Natural Science Establishment,
Rochester, N. V 31704,31741
AVayne, A. T 30852, 30906, 31273, 31296, 31344
31920, 31970, 32202, 3220:!, 32229, 32243
AVebb, W. F 30890
AVidmaiin, Otto 32139
AVilder, G. D 31739
AVilliams, R. S 31397
AVills. Rev. James 31C18
AVilson, J. S 31489
DEPARTMENT III.
BinDs' Eggs.
Abbott, Dr. W. L 31341
Allen, C. A 31058
Anthony.A.AV 31260,31282
Attwater, H. P 31077
Barlow, Chester 30858
Benners, G. B 31283
Boardman. G. A 31201
Brown, E.J 31201
Brownlow, Hon. AV. P 31605
Bryant, E. S 31069
Cohen, D. .V .-..., 31247
Daniel, J. AV., Jr 31079
Emerson, AV.O 30839
Gaylord, Horace 31245
Hewitt, A 31049
Johannes, I. AV 31285
JiuLson.AV.B 31284
Merrill, Dr. J. C, U. S. A 31080
Neville, E. A 31579
Riley, J. H 31178,31246
Robinson, AV. R 31059
Trostler,I.S 31835
AVilliams, F. H 30920
AA'ills, Rev. James 31618
DEPARTMENT IV.
Reptiles and Bathachians.
Abbott, Dr. AV. L 31341, 31941
Allen, C. A 31058
Anthony, A.W 31199
Bartsch, Paul ;i2152, .■i2252
Benedict, J. E 32158
Brimley, H. H., & C. S 31540,31728,31924
Cook, Prof. 0. F 31014
Cory, C. B 32004
Daniel, Dr. Z. T 30932
INDEX TO ACCESSION LIST,
143
Aice.ssion No.
Drowne, F. P 30895
Fisli Coiuniissloii, U.S 32U02
Garnian, H H 1934
Hfiiipel, Adolph 31763
Henshaw, H. W 31754
Hitchiii.s, Capt. G. D. 32257
Hoilgc, Dr. E. K 30833
Holziier, F. X 30962
Huliiie.s, J. S 31880
Hurler, Jtiliiis, sr 31580
Knudsen, Waldemar 31771
Mearns, Dr. E. A.,U. S. A 31110,31250,31480
Mills, K. A 30912
Mitchell, Hon. J . D 31524, 31804, 3222G
North, H. N 3225 1
Kozawa, S 31755
Oxford, England: Oxford University
]SIuseum 31121
Palmer, William 32105, 32182, 32256
Prentiss, D. "W.,,jr 32274
Retherford, W.O 31581
Rorebeck, C. G 31295
Smith, Eugene 31462
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of Eth-
nology) 31599
Smithsonian Institution (National Zoolog-
ical Park) 30883, 32020
32015, 3201C, 32017, 32018, 32021, 32022
Snyder, J . O 31776
Stejneger, Dr. Leoiihard 31801, 32153
Sydney, New South Wale.s: Australian
Museum 31081
Test, Dr. F.C 32223
Thayer, A. H 30854
Thorpe, H. H 30864
Tokio, Japan: Science College, Imperial
University 32118
Townsend, C. H 31267,31819
Van Denburgh, John 31856
"U'illoughby, H. L 31134
Will.s. Kev. James 31618
Wooster, A. F 31942
DEPARTMENT V.
Fishes.
Agriculture, Department of 31947
Anthony, A. W 31199
Bean, Dr. T. H 30931
Cook, Prof. O. F 31014
Dro wue, F. P 30895
Fish Commis-sioii, U.S 30078,31011,31760
Garman, H 31934
Golden, R. A. & Co 30853
Hardy, Manly 30984
Lewis, G. A 30847, 32041
Lyons, France: Museum of Natural His-
tory 31540
Mearns, Dr. E. A., U. S. A 31250
Meek. Prof. S. E 32197
Mills- R- A 31439
Nozawa, S 31755
Prentiss, D. VT., jr 32274
Quebec, Canada: Crown Lands, Depart-
ment of 31320
Stejneger, Dr. Leouhard 31801
Accession No.
Sydney, New South Wales: Australian
Museum 31081
Taylor, Miss Evelyn 31847
Tetrt, Dr. F. O 32265
Treasury Department (U. S. Life Saving
Service) 31399
Webb, De Witt 31 850
Y ates, Jesse 30998
DEPARTMENT VI.
MOLLUSKS.
Abbott, Dr. W. L 31341, 31941
Agriculture, Department of 32088, 32181
Andrus, F. H 31328. 31596, 30930
Anthony, A. W 31199
Arnheim, J . S 31198, 31884, 32104, 32248
Ashmun, Rev. E. H 30888,31279
Baker, Dr. Fred 31644
Barcelona, Spain: Royal Academy of Sci-
ence and Arts 31226
Barnes, A.J 31974
Bernard, Dr. F 31337
Burtch, Verdi 31242
31264, 31445, 31468, 31574, 31669
Bush,B.F 31429
Bryant, O 31911
California A cademy of Sciences 32032
Chicago Academy of Sciences. . 30929, 31657, 31956
Chamberlain, Dr. L. T 31839
Clark, James 30886
Coleman, A. P 32145
Cook, Prof. O. F 31093
Dall, W. H 32179
Daniels, L. E 31592
Drake, CM 32122, 31265, 31408
Dugfes, Dr. A 31368,31698
Emmons, S. F 32048
Fish Commission, U. S 31878,32043
Frierson, L. S 31071, 31127, 31486, 31640, 31833
Hill, Dr. T.N 31057
Greger, D. K 31174
Hamline University, St. Paul, Minn 31123
Havens, J. G. W 31243
Herman, W.W 31409, 31467
Holzner, F. X 30962
Ihering, von Dr. H 30935, 31917
Kirsch, Dr. P. H 31021
Kirkland, Dr. R. J 31479, 31566
Koehler, Dr. R 32234
Larut, Perak, Straits Settlement.s: Perak
Museum 31643
Latch ford, F. R 31191
Litchfield, Archibald 31470
Marsh, W. A 31298,31410
Mearns, Dr. E. A.,U. S. A. 31110,31342,31986,31250
Mitchell, Hon. J. D 31 171, 31787
Moloney, Sir Alfred 30933
Moore, Hettie A 30963
Morton.F.S 31894
Moss, William 32180, 32275
Oldroyd, Mrs. T. S 31430
Olney, Mrs. M. P 31629
Palmer, William 32105
Pilsbry.H. A ;.. 310I8
Pine, George 32059, 32137
i^oey,F 31105
144
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Accession No. I
Prentiss, D.W.Jr 32274
Ramlolpb, r. 15 31786
Ratliray, Kev. 15. F 31518
Kobinette, G.^\' 31208
Kobiuette.J.D 31013, aiO.'Jl
Kush, R. C 32:^67, 322S9
Rush, Dr. \V. II., r. S. N 32280
Sclincbert, Cbarli-s 31230, 31241
Shri ver, Howard 32106
SLufeldt. Dr. R. AV 32164
Steams, Dr. R. E. C 32028
Stcjneger, Dr. Lconbard 31801
Sterki.Dr.V 31323
Sutor, Henry 31254, 3 1381 , 31812
Swan, .] . G 31442
Sword, J.F 30974
Sydney, Now South Wales: Australian
Museum 31081
Ten Eyck.Miss D 31321
Vanriynins, T 32037
Vaugban.T.Wayland 31966
Walker, Dr. Bryant 31024, 31094, 32087
Ward's Natural Science Establi.shment,
Rocliester, N. T 32054
Webb.De Witt 31572,31678
Webb, \y.F 31459
Wetherby, A. G 31028
White, J. J 31349
Wills, Rev. James 31618
Wilmer, Wortliington, Lieut. Col. L 31830
Wirt, Dr. W. W 31772
Woodworth, F. A 32091
Wright, B.n 31180, 31219, 31360, 31386, 31478
31505, 31563, 31597, 31712, 31863, 32078, 32146
DEPARTMENT VII.
Insects.
Abbott, Dr. W. L 31341, 31391
Agriculture, Dei)artment of 31144
31244. 31389, 31738, 31926, 32196
Baker University, Baldwin, Kans 31515
Barrett-llamilton, G. E. 11 31335
Bart-sch, Paul 31906
Berlin, Germany: Royal Zoological Mu-
seum 3 1339
Brensing, H 32129
Briniley, C. S 30964, 31000
Call, R. Ellsworth 31943
Chast rand, A . D 31471
Cockei ell. Prof. T. D. A. . 30948, 31001, 32035, 32072
Cole, Miss E. A 32942
Cook, Prof. (). F 30981
CoquilU^tt, D. W 32098
Dall, W.ll 31881
Davidson, Dr. A 31029
Drowne, F. P 30895
Duges, Dr. A 31673, 319U7, 31991, 32131
Dyar, Dr.H. G 31160
Enos, Mrs. D. C 32001
Evermaun, Prof B. W 31867
Evemiann, T. 15 31866
Foetterle, J. G 30921
Frix, A. M 30990
Fuchs, Charles 32258
Accession No.
Garner, Edward 32295
(Jeneva, Switzerland: Museum of Nat-
ural History 32268
Goode, Ma.stcr P. 15 30940
Hamburg, (Jermany: Hamburg Museum. 31338
Harrington, W. U 31351
Heidcmann, 32287
Henshaw, H. W 31491
Hilbourn Printing Co., Hart. Mich 30922
Hooper, J.J 30835
Hoppiug.R 31688
Hubbard, H. G 31016
31025, 31492, 31493, 31904, 32259
Kayser, William 31668
Keen, Rev. J.H 30856,31222
Knauas, Warren 30900,31190
Kruger,P. W 32046
Lehan, Paul 32075
Lincoln,H.D 32147
Lowe, Dr. J. X 32130
Marlatt, Dr. C. L 31788
Meador,F 31806
Mearns,Dr.E. A.,U. S. A 31110
Mills, R. A 30912
Mitchell, Hon. J. D 310.30. 32124, 32085, 32226
Namiye, M 31490
Nordstrom, O. F 31807
Osborn, Dr. E. H 32271
Osborn, Prof. H 31G19
Palm, Charles 31327
Patterson, Rose 31537
Poey,F 31165
Prentiss, D. W., jr 32274
Pulliam,R.R 30878
Ranbo, M. E 30834, 32183
Ransdall, J . W 32097
Rector, J 32249
Retherford, W. ( ) 31708, 32052
Robertson, Charles 30971
Rothrock, Dr. Thomas 31923
Root & Field 32150
Rubin, C. A 30947
Rufl'.J. A 30991
Saunders, W. G 31808
Schwarz, E. A 31493
Siltou, J.J 32132
Simpson, T. L 32125
Smith, Mrs. A. :M 31918
Smith, Prof. J. B 3(1908,32199
Smith, L. II 30905
Smithsonian Institu'iou 31496
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of Eth-
nology) 31151
Snyder, Dr. D. W 31155
Snyder, J. O 31776
Spainhour, J. M 32060
Spencer, A. L 32208
Stanton, T. W 31475
Stearns, Dr. R. E. C 32028
Ste.jneger, Dr. Leonhard 31801
Strong, Miss L. Q 32162
Thonii)sou, M. T 31814
Thorpe, Dr. U. H 31257
Ulke,Henry 31259
AValkcr.Dr. Bryant 31024
Walker, Wythe 31990
INDEX TO ACCESSION LIST.
145
Accession No.
Webb.C.H ■J2'209
■\Vel.stor, Prof. F. M 32151
Weiinel, H. W Itl 223, 3136G
WesleyanUniviTsity, Midiiltilown, ('i)iiii. 32213
Willis, L. D 31233
Wills, Rev. James 31618
Toiinirblood, J. E 31496
Zehutiier, Dr. L 32296
DEPAKTMENT VIII.
Marine Invertebrates.
Abbott, Dr. W. L 31341, 31941
Andrews, Dr. E. A 32133
Anthony, A. W 31199
Arnheim, J. S 31674
Bartscb, Paul 32269, 32286
Berlin, Germany : Koy.il Zoological Mu-
seum 31481
Brown, Lincoln 31482
Carter, E.B 31783
Cole, J. L .-.. 31565
Cockerell, Prof. T. D. A 31621
Copenhagen, Denmark: Zoological Mu
seum 31717
Conaut, F. S 31436
Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y 31975
Costa Rica, National Museum of 32230
Drake, CM 32122, 32279
Drowne, F. P 30895
Faniuhar, H 30873
Fish Commission, IT. S 31115,31387
Geneva, Switzerland : Museum of Natural
History 32268
Good, H.F 31827
Griffin, George 31240
Hay.W.P 31622
Holmes, S.J 31402
Iowa, State University of 32029, 32049
Kiel, Germany: Zoological Institute 31693
Kirsch, P. H 30894
Kirkland, Dr. R. J 31601
Koehler, Dr. R 32234
Latler, H. A 30909
Leche, Prof. Wilhelm 31136
LendenfeUl, von, Prof. R 32175
London, England : British Museuiii 31482
Lowe, H. N 31675, 31792
Lucas, F. A 31568
Marshall, George 32281
Mearns, Dr. E. A., U. S. A 30923, 31110, 31250
Mitchell, Hon. J. D 31030, 31804
Morton, F. S 3 1 894
Muudt.A.H 32188
Museum of Comparative Anatomy, Cam-
bridge, Mass 30994
Oldroyd, Mrs. T. S 31978
Oregon Agricultural College 32266
Paris, France: Museum of Natural His-
tory 32112
Peabody Museum, New Haven, Conu 31885
Boey, F 31175
Prentiss, D. W., jr 32274
Sigsbee, Commander CD., U.S. N 31562
Smith, H.I 31441
Snyder, J. O 31776
NAT MUS 97 10
Accession No.
Stejneger, Dr. Leonhard 31801
Sterki, Dr. V 31323
Thomj)Son, D' Arcy \V 31639
Thonii)sou, H. D 32264
Turin, Italy : Royal Zoological Museum. . . 31464
32224
Vaniz, Dr. G. W. Smith 31740
Ward's Natural Science Establishment,
Rochester, N. Y 31982
Section of HteLMiNiiioLooY.
Johnston, Dr. Wyatt 31653
Kowalewski. Dr. M 314.56
Railliet, Prof. A 31457
Zschokke. Prof. Dr. F 31458
DEPARTMENT IX.
Comparative Anatomy.
Abbott, Dr. W. L 31341, 31941
Anthony, A. W 30076
Beecher, Dr. C. E 31616
Bluuck, A. E 31584
Clark, G. A 31425
Cornman, C T 31426, 32062
Duges, Dr. A 32131
Fur-Seal Investigation Commission 31560
Grindall, Dr. C S 32163
Hanselmau, J. J 30926
Kendall, W. G 31595, 3162"3
Kny-Scheerer Company 31969
Lucas, F. A 31362
Mearns, Dr.E. A., U. S. A 31110,31250
Macouii, J. M 31916
Boey,F 30ic5
Prentiss, D. AT., jr 32274
Sayers, Mrs. J. D 31778
Scott, Prof. W. B 32297
Stejneger, Dr. Leonhard 31801
Townsend, C. H 31363
Ward's Natural Science Establishment,
Rochester, N. Y 31780, 31872, 32155, 32005
Whitman, V. H 31248
Wright, S.R 31444
Wills, Rev. James 31618
Young, CC 31159
DEPARTMENT X.
Paleontology.
■ YcrU'hrati; fossils.
Blair, H. B 31646
Sjmrr, J. E 31307
Invertebrate fossils.
Barcelona, Spain : Royal Academy of Sci-
ence and Arts 31226
Beecher, Dr. C E 31455, 31570
Benedict, J. E., jr 31676
Biederman, C R 32149
Blair, R. A 31736
Britts, Dr. J. H 21380, 31528
Brodie, James 32219
Brooks, A. H 32012
Burger, W. C 31412
Carr, J. C 30859
Case, H. B 31374
146
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Acccsaion No.
Casteel, J. N 31512
Cliase.Dr.A.d 31549
Clarke, Prof. J. M 31757
Cockorton, F. T 31420, 31543, 31789
Craig, R.L 31160
Di<'khaut,n.E 3U31
Deislier, H. K 315C4
Daniels, L.E 30860
I)uvall,n.C 31815
ErvcH.Vande 32233
Gordon, 11. H 31649, 31730, 31816
Goukl,C. N 32262
Grant, Col. C.C - 30993,31509
Grant,F.H 31542
Greger,D.K 31550,31729
Gresley,W.S 31473
Gurley.R.R 30861
Herger, Rev. H 31955
Hershey, O. H 31913
Hind, Dr. Wheelton 30890
Hongh, Walter 31382
Howell, E. E 31706, 32165
Interior Department (TJ. S. Geological
Survey) 30980
31395, 31762, 31852, 31959, 31976, 321G8
Kindle, E.M 31529
Knigbt, Prof. W. C 31767
Knowlton, F. H 31161
Lacoe, R. D 32044
Le Grand Quarry Company, Mar.shall-
tovra, Iowa 31826
Leliman.W.V 31379,31499
London, England : British Museum 31583
Manchester, England: Manchester Mu-
seum 32277
Matthew, Dr. G. F 31424
Morrison, Prof. J. H 32013
Moore, Mrs 31638
Mumbrue.D.P 32047
Nebraska, University of 31498
Oxford, England : Oxford Universitj' Mu-
seum 31121
Poey, F 31165
Pringle.n.N 31027
Sardeson,Dr.F.'W 31726
Sayers, Mrs. J. D 31778
Schuchert, Charles 31376
31377,31378,31449,32106
Scott, George 31779
Sliealian, Thomas 31727
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of Eth-
nology) 31151
Spenco, R. S 31 108
Stanton, T. W 31162
Stout, Wilbur 31373, 31443
Van Kirk, J 31297
Ward's Natural S(!icnce Establi.shment,
Rochester, N. Y 31098
31720, 31756, 31758, 31793
Whitehorn, Worth 30870
Williams, F. n 31650
Wills, Rev. James 31618
Fogifil plants.
Lorenz, .1 ohn 32099
Kowsaui, Frank 30939
Stearns, Dr. R. E. C
Stejneger, Dr. Leonhard.
Accession No.
32028
31801
DEPARTMENT XI.
Botany.
Agriculture, Department of . . . 30836, 30837,
30842, 30843, 30988, 31229, 31370, 31417,
31485, 31531, 31533, 31553, 31626, 31679,
31695, 31746, 31811, 31853, 32127, 32192,
Andrews, J. O
Anthony, A. W
Applegate, E. I
31345, 31654, 31972, 31997.
Attwater. H. P
Austin, Mrs. R. M
Baker, C.F
Baker,R.T 31101,31163,
Bartsch, Paul 31708,
Batalin, Alex
Bates, J. M
Berckiiian, P. J
Berlin, Germany : Botar.i<al!Museum. 31707,
Bethel, E
Biltmore Herbarium, North Carolina . . 31818,
Blankinshop, J. W
Brewer, W. H
Brick, Dr. C
Briggs, A. A
31039, 31100, 31141,
Britton, Dr. N. L
Brodnax, B. H
Brown, H.E
Brown, R. L
Bush, B. F 317G5, 31798, 31829,
Buzzard, S. S
Calcutta, India : Botanic Garden 31213,
California Academy of Sciences
Cassady, J. M
Canhy,W.M 31725,
Chipman, W.F 31939,
Cockerell, Prof. T. D. A
Collins, F. S 31343,
Collins, J. F
Conies, Prof. O
Cook, Prof. O. F 30981 ,
Cook, Mrs. O.F 310.-5:;, 31092, 31118,
Copineau, C
Covillc, Frederick V 31308,
Crandall, C. S
Crcvecoeur, F. F
Crosby, G.S
Cununings, Miss C. E
Curtis8,A.H 30977,31067,31214,31447,
Dail, J
Deane, Walter
De Micr, J. R
Dewey, L. H 311,50, 31251, 32038
Drushel, J. A
Dugcs, Prof. A
Fames, Dr. E.H
E.irle, Prof. F. S
Eastwood, Miss Alice
Eaton, A. A
Eaton, G.F
Ellis, E. A 31715,
30841
31460
316S1
32135
31090
31535
31331
31999
31890
31994
31723
31212
31790
31126
31419
31135
31751
31106
32238
31873
30877
31117
30975
31332
31709
31149
31854
30891
31836
31554
31842
31532
31176
31743
32148
31042
31703
31893
30849
31086
31252
30957
, 31993
31501
31418
31598
31393
, 31722
32001
31799
32109
32284
31929
31368
31764
32240
31037
31930
31423
, 32108
INDEX TO ACCESSION LIST.
147
A.ccession No.
Elmer.A.D.E 31534
Evennauu, Trot. B. W 31359, 31567, 31995
reraald,M.L 31387
Field Columbian Museum, Chicago, lU. . . 31084
Fredbobn. Dr. A 31196,31087
Forwood, Dr. W. H., U. S. A 3090!, 31902
Fuller.Miiss Fay 31255
Galtfelter, Dr. M. M 31843
Goddard, Herbert 32260
GoriuaJi, AV. 'SV 31714
Gray Herbarium, Cambridge, Mass 31699
Greger, D. K 30884
Gregory, James 30927
(ireene, I'rof. E. L 32157
Greemuau, J. M 30874, 31501
Griffith, D 31239
Grinnell, G. H 31078
Hamilton, J. M 30969
Hammcmd, Mrs. C. M' 31625
Harrison, Miss Carrie 30876
Hart, J. H 31119,31210
Harvard University , Herbarium of 31962
na.slcel, P. D 31063
Heller, A. A 30904, 30997, 31035, 31227, 31435
Hemsley,'W.B 31800
Hessler, Robert 31452
Hildebrandt, A. M 32095, 32185
Hillman, N. H 30989
Holm, T. W 31 054
Holzinger, J. M 31396,32009
Hopkins, Miss Sue 30937, 31085, 31204
Howard, X.C 31038
Howe, M. A 31102
Howell. Thomas 30913
Huitt.J.TV 31912
Hunter, William . . . 30855, 30903, 31820, 31860, 31892
Interior Department (TT. S. Geological
Survey) 30863, 30872, 30880, 31281
Jepson.W.L 31508
Jones.M.E 31615
Karnten, Austria : Tiroler Botaniker, Die
Freie Vereiuigung 30885
Kearney, T.H.,jr 31602
Keaney, W.M 31845
Knowlton,F.H 31125
Lamb.F.H 31314
Lassimonne, S. E 31428
Lee, W. T .31022
Leling, Dr. Hans 31181
Lewis, E. C 31 104
Lochman,C.X 31034
Locke, Otto 31940
Lune, "William 31137
MacMiUan,C 31032
Macoun.J 31502,32051
Macoun.J.M 31938
Masiua, A. G 32111
Mearn.s, Dr. E. A., U. S. A 30892, 31110, 32216
Meeker, Grace 30881
Mel, Miss Nelly 30862
Mell, P. H 31173
Merriam, Dr. C. Hart 31232, 31922, 32095
Metcalfe, J. K 31861
Miller, Dr. G. A 32215
Minnesota, Herbarium ol'theTTniversity of 31998
Minnesota, University of 32225
Accession No.
Missouri Botanic Garden 31041
Mohr, Dr. Charles 31113
Morrell, H. K 30916,31103,31276
Miiller, Ferd. von 31040, 31000, 31088, 31266
Nelson, Aven 31350, 31933
Nelson, E. W 30898, 30899, 31217, 31648
Olds, H.W 30840,31124
Oaterhout, G. E 319G0, 32071, 32121
Palmer, Edward 31710
Palmer, T.C ." 31422
Pammel, L. H 31571, 32000
Parish, S. B 31033, 31530, 31745, 32070
Pearson, W. H 31558
Peek, A mtis 30919
Perkins, L.M 31203
Philadeliihia Academy of Sciences 31724
Piper, C. V 31194, 31326, 31433
Pollard, C.L 31238,31416
Porter,T.C 32239
Pringle, C. G 31507,31627
Price, li. H 32210
Randon , Gilbert 31083
Eeid, C.H 32035
Reverchon, J 30867
Rice, Miss Susan T 31228
Rick seeker, A. E 31500
Roljiuson, Dr. B. L 31211
Rose, J.N 30918, 31036, 31354, 32198, 32255
Rothrock, Thomas 31031, 3221T
Rusby, H. H 30875, 31003, 31716
Rumsey.W.E 32058
Rutter, Prof. Cloud 31142
Rydberg,P.A 32173,32110
Sargent, C.S ; 31721
Schaupp, F. G 31996
Schuchert, Charles 31647
Scbuette,J.N 32186
Schumann, Dr. K 31862
Selby,A.D 31394
Shead, Mrs. E. E 31221
Shriver, Howard 30917
Skrehot, R. F 31547
Slater,Mi8S S. R 32068
Small, J. K 31421, 32036
Smith, Rev. L. C 31053
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of Eth-
nology) 31151,31599
Stahl, E.M 32136
Stanford, A. W 32235
Stearns, Elmer 32236
Steele, E.S 31333,31503,31685
Steitz. Adam 30871, 30956
Stejneger, Dr. Leonhard 31577, 31801
Suksdorf, TV. N 31582, 30893
Sylvester, E. O 31851
Taylor, Miss K. A 31403
Tilden, Josephine E - 31620
Tinsley.J.D 31392
Topping, D. L 316.58, 31694
Tracy, S.M •. 30879,31148
Trelease, Prof. William 31655
Underwood, L. M 30882, 31074, 32184
Vienna, Austria: Royal Natural History
Society (Hofmuseum) 31355
Warming, Dr. E 31960
Ward, Prof. L. F 31358, 32037, 32172, 32237
148
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Accession No.
"Webber, H.J 3121G
Wotherby, A. (1 313l'J
Wheeler, (;. F 30915
White, David 30887, 31U7G
Wliile(l,Kirk 31112
Wileox, E.N 31453
Williams, F. A 31301
Williams, R. S 31874,32069
Wriitht, J. F 30936
Wiu/.low, H 31891
Zell, Lydia Diller 31256
Zurich, Switz(!rlaud : Zurich Botanical
Garden 31108
DEPARTMENT XII.
Minerals.
Barcelona, Spain : Royal Academy of
Science and Arts 31226
Bibbins, Arthur 31GG3
Biederman, C. R 32149
Bowman, D. A 31187
Boyd,C.R 31586
Brown, C.F 31908
Bruntoii, D. W 31613
Chamberlain, Dr. L. T 32227
Champion, W. R 32273
Clarke, Prof. F. AV 31188
Cross, W 32096
Day,Dr.D.T 31184,31305,31405
Donaldson, D. V 31186
Dunn,M., &Co 31185
Eakle, A. S 31770
Engle, II. M 31294
English, G. L., .t Co 31404, 31898
Fellows, G. S 30999
Fewkea, Dr.J.Walter 31274
Heiks,V. C 31544
Hill, R. T 31309, 32156
Hillebrand, Dr. W. F 31066
Hood, S. B 31961
Howell, E. E 30934, 30940, 31691, 31749
Interior Department (U. S. Geological Sur-
vey) 31065,31291
31319, 31664, 31665, 31750, 31965, 32096, 32241
Japan, ( leological Survey of 32300
Johnson, J.N 30982
Kane, W.G 31116
Knauth.E 31070
Knowlton, W. J 309 to
Kunz, G. F 31306
Langdalo, J. W 31794
Lesser, J 31107
McGce, S.B 31526
Miller, Fannie 31617
Paret, T. D 31662
Phillips,A.G 31523
Eenick, A. B 31139
Smith, J. Shirley 32024
Smithsonian Institution 31 188, 31225, 32227
Smithsonian Institution (IJureau of Eth-
nology) 31133
Stanton.L.H 30844
Sydney, New South Wales: Australian
Museum 31081
Tassiu, Wirt 31290
31292, 31293, 31300, 31304, 31318, 31888, 31889
Accession No.
Tiifany & Co 31797
Traphagen, F. W 31183
Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn . 32213
Whitehead, John 32174
Williams College, AVilliamstown, Mass . . . 32220
Turner, H. W 31106
DEPARTMENT XIII.
Geology.
Adams, F. D 30955, 31880
Aldrich, Hon. T. H 31569
Avondalo ISIarblo Comjjany 31587
Benson, H. W 31551
Boyle, Dr. C.B 31017
Braverman, M 32212
Brown, Glenn 31388
Bryant, H. G 31832
Bryu Mawr College 31713
Campbell, M. R 32143
Carrico, E. T 31987
Champion, W. R 32273
Cooley, Bartlett 31810
Courtney, C. W 32222
Dale, T.N 31900
Duvall, H. C 31954
Field Columbian Museum, Chicago 32027
Foote, Dr. A. E 31897
Fortieth Parallel Survey 32107
Gilbert, Prof. G. li 31571
Girty, G. H 31384
Green, Bernard 30959
Guthrie, Ossiau 31391, 31909, 32247
Hetherington, W. P 31002
Hitchcock, Prof. C. H 31520
Hobbs, B. S 30954
Holmes, J. A 30973
Howell, E. E . . . .' 30992, 31672, 32242
Hutchinson, I. W 31111
Interior DeiJartment (IT. S. Geohigical
Survey) 31451,31525,31527
31684, 31705, 31731, 31732, 31735,32066, 32218
Kenosaw Marble Company, Marietta, Ga. 31015
Kessler, Frank 31927, 31928
Key, Clarence 31977
Langdale, J. W 32228
Le Grand Quarry Company, Marshall-
town, Iowa 31826
Long, J. C 30967
McCullock, J 30838
Maxwell, H 31834
Merrill, G. P 30972
31062, 31096, 31152, 31275, 31753, 31864
Moloney, Sir Alfred 31026
Nesmith,H. M 32211
New Brunswick Red Granite Company. . 31849
Prince Manufacturing Comiiany, New
York City 31001
Priugle,H.N 31008
Prentiss, I). W., jr 32274
Itldeout, IJ. S 31701
Russell, Prof.LC 31530
Savannah Mining Company 32117
Schocnfelt, J. B 31010
Sehuchert, Charles 31385
Smuggler Union Mining Comjiany, Tellu-
ride, Colo 31590
INDEX TO ACCESSION LIST.
149
. Accession Xo.
Sorin, T. R :W952
Stearns, Dr. R. E. C 32028
Stevenson, Prof. J. J 32276
Sydney, Xew Soutli Wales: AustraliMTi
Mnseuui 31081
Tiffany Sz. Co 31899,31905
Van Hi.stsC.K 32278
Von Stecrawitz.W. IT 31510
Wal.ott, Hon. C. D 32045
Waid'.s Natural Science Establislinicnt,
Rocliester, N. Y 30953, 31895. 31896
Washington, H. S 30911
Wliit<', David :. . 32120
WiUiard,T. E 31152
DEPAliTMEXT XIV.
Prehistouic Anthkopologt.
Abel,.J.C 30983
3123G, 31656, 31858, 31957, 32081, 32023
Acker, Dr. C.S 31660
American Arcliipolofiieal and Asiatic As-
sociation 31632
Beckett, W.n 31992
Betteswortli, G. W 31 988, 32065
Beyer, G. E 31608, 32101, 32282
Biedernian, C. E 32149
Black, William 31047
Blatchley, W. S 31641
Breton, Miss Adela 31945
Broders, A. C 31045
Brodie, James 32219
Carrieo, E. T 31701
Cliampion, W. R 31984
(;hit tenden, X. H 31782
Christcliiirch, Xew Zealand: Canterbury
Museum 30996
Cincinnati Society of X'atural History. . . 32160
Cossum, C.S 32085
Davis, J. W 31588
Delafield, Miss Emma 31989
Dickens, Commander F. W., r . S. X 31696
Dodge, B. E 30979, 31506, 31747, 32193
Duvall, H. C 31773
Duges, Dr. A 32131
Fay. H. W 31044
Featberstonaugh, Thomas 31781
Fish Commission, U. S 31009, 31167
Foss,Mulberry 31838
Frazar,rT.B 31322
Frost, L.L 31910
Gill, I. P 31748
Goad.G. W 31055
Holcomb.E.G 31585
Hostetter, Karl 31048
Hough, Walter 31440
King, CD 31841
Knight, Prof. W. C 31767
Kunzie, Mrs. Helen Kane 31874
Leonard, Miss G. L 31411
Long, M. E 32245
McGuire. Hon.J.D 31609,319.^)8
Meritt Prof. J. W 31682
Moore, C.B 31474
Morgan. J. de 31407
North, H.N 31450
Accession No.
Ogburn, Burt 31539, 31742, 31967
Phillips, Dr. W. A 31837
Pope. Capt. J. W., U. S. A 31215
Proudlit, S. V 31774
Richard, Elias 31140
Salford, Lanca.shire, England: Salforil
Royal Museum 30865
Sayers, Mrs. J. D 31778
Seaton-Karr, H. W 31522
Schucbert, Charles 31511
Scott, G. H 31095
Simms, C. N 318,->7
Smithsonian Institution 31263,31989
Smitlisonian Institution (Bureau of Eth-
nology) 30857
31133, 31642, 31683, 31803, 31883, 32092, 32102
Stanley, D.T 32159
Steiner, Dr. Roland 30938, 30976
31050, 31235, 31237, 31258, 31311. 31313
31347, 31484, 31497, 31541. 31931, 32214
Stewart, Dr. T. B 31046
Stout, Wilbur 31373
Taylor, J. G 30960
Tucker, Mrs. L. M 31666
Twomey, George 31263
Tan Krik, J 31297
Washington, H. S 30911
Watson, J. M 30950
Waychoff, A.J 31364
Wil.son, B. J 31489
W ilson, Thomas 31636, 32169, 32200
Young, J. A 31635
Young Naturalists' Society, Seattle, Wash. 31353
YangYii, Chinese Minister 31964
DEPARTMENT XV.
Ethnology.
Abbott, Dr. W. L 31341,31941
Bolles, Mrs. C. C 30866
Bourke, Mrs. J. G 30963
Bryant, H.G 32010
Calkins, Lieut. C. G., U. S. N 31289
Christcburcb, New Zealand : Canterbury
Museum 30996
Colini,G.A 31979
Cory, Prof. C.B 32040
Crafts, Wilbur 31870
Culin, Stewart 31517
Daggett, Hon, John 31277, 31628, 32190
DallW.H 32100
Daniel, Dr. Z. T 31330
Dayton, C.N 31098
Dean, S. B 31855
Drydeu, Dr. R. C 31200
Entriken, S. J 31865
Ericson Brot liers 31823
.Ernst, H. A 32207
Fairbanks Museum of Natural Science, St.
Jolinsbury, Yt 31334
Fewkes, Dr. J. Walter 31785, 32079
Gold, J 31446
Hippisley, A. E 30941
Hottiuan, Dr. W. J 31064
Holt,H.P.R 31828
Horigan, M. E 31775
150
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, '1897.
Accession No.
Howell, Dr. E. E 31109
Hud.son, Dr. J. W 31082, 311.31
Hudson, ]Mrs. J. W 320G3
Hunter, Charles 3U6G
Jobnso)i,C.E 32119
Kunz, G. F 31365
Lemke, Mrs. Elizabeth 31795
Mason, Prof. O. T 31G30
Menchini. L 31189
Merrill, Dr. G. P 30944,31824
Merrill, L. H 32189
Mindelefl', Cosmos 30945
Nelson, E. W 31790
Palmer, Edward 318.59
Palmer, William 31130
Paschal, J. W 31949
Porter, "W.D 31231
Prentiiss, D. W., jr 32270
Eockhill, W. W 31129
Sali'ord, Lancashire, England: Salford
Royal Museum 30805
Sava'j:e,M.E 30845,31372
Schneider, Louis 31138
Scidmore, Miss E. R 31224
Sherman, C.A 31686
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of Eth-
nology) 31151
31737, 31983, 32138, 32250, 32272, 32288
Snyder, Rev. D. W 31155
Stranahan, J. W 31383,31509,32004
Tribolet, Mrs. M. A 32074
True, Dr. Frederick W 31951
Van Gaasbeok & Arkell 31952
White.Dr. C. A 31091
Wills, Rev. James 31618
Winton, G.B 31432,31802
DEPARTMENT XVL
Oriental Antiquities.
Kelekian.D.G 31915
Kunz, G. F 31365
Polock, M 30995
Nutt, David 31 1 32
Sanshodo, The 3 1 908
Shanghai, China: St. John's College 31156
Tan Gaasbeek & Arkell 31914
Wesley, William, & Son 32089
Williams,F. W 31615
DEPARTMENT XVII.
Arts and Industries.
Abbott, Dr. W. L 31341
Adler, Dr. Cyrus 30910, 32077
Agriculture, Department of 32073
American Electrical Works, Providence,
R. 1 31548
Amherst College Observatory, Amherst,
Mass 31985
Anthony, A. W 32114
Appleton, J. M 31007
P.cnner, W. H 32161
Bartlett, Mrs. N. Gray 31006
Beckers, Alex 321 91
Beckwith, Paul 32195, 32261
Biorstadt, E 31090
Accession No.
Biscoe, H. L 30928
Bolton, IL C 31631
Boucard, A 31634
Brown, Mrs. J. Crosby 31012, 31791, 32008
Burns, W. R 32031
Calkin8,Lieut.C. G.,TT. S.N 31289
Cashman, N 3219 1
Ceramic Art Co., Trenton, N.J 31637
Chapman, S. H. & II 31870
Cowdry,C. H., MacliineWorks,Fitchburg,
Mass 31687
Day, F. H 31288
Dayton, C. N 31098
Doubleday, Mrs. A hner 31948
Du Boise, H.G 31844
Eastwood, Frod 32113
Evans, A. B 31089
Fay, H. W 32082
Fewkes, Dr.J. Walter 31785
Gillespie, F.B 30909,30985
Oilman, Collamore & Co 32050
Given, J. F 32187
Glaisher, James 31950
Goode, Dr. G. Brown 30966
Hall, D. F 32170
Haswell, C. H 31871
Hawley, F. AV 31821
Haynioud, Mrs. Dorcas 31352
Heliotype Printing Co., Boston, Mass 31809
Henry, Miss M. A 32291, 32292, 32293, 32294
Higgins and Seiter 31576
Hodge, Dr. E.R 32116
Interior, Department of 32206
Judson, Mrs. Isabelle Field 32289, 32290
KanKoBa 31935
Kelly, J. E 31310
Kunz, G. F 30901, 31365
Lo wdoruiilk, W. H., & Co 30943
Lycett, Edward 31784
Mo Adoo, W. G., J r 31575
McKesson & Robbins 31825
Meder.Ferd 31805
National Society Daughters of the Ameri-
can Revolution . . 31371, 31488, 31611, 32014, 32039
Olmstead, Mrs. S. H 31702
Paul,Col.A.C 31361
Pinkerton, Mrs. S. E 32083
Princeton University, Trustees of 32050
Ramsey, Thomas ^. 31315
Regua, Mrs. E. M 32115
Ridgway, Dr. T. E 31521
Sanshodo, The 31937
Sprinz, Bernard 31202, 31606
Smithsonian Institution 31950,32030,32093
Smithsonian Institution (Bureau of Eth-
nology) 30061
Sraout,Mrs.T. J 31848
'I'elegraphic Historical Society of North
America 31 175, 31545
Tellery, S. J., & Co 30965
Tift'any,C.L 30951
Tiflany & Co 31143, 31936
Treasury Department ( Hiiroau of Engrav-
ing iuid Printing) 31357
Van Deusen, Mrs. Alys Bates 31465
31552, 31593, 31594, 31614, 31670
INDEX TO ACCESSION LIST.
151
Accession No.
Van Rpnsselaer, A. Cortlandt 32093
Vinton, H. A. &F.H 32205
War Department (U. S. Signal Office) 31944
■U'estom Union Telegraph Co. . 31262, 31286, 31652
WliipplcW.B 32076
Accession No.
White.G.W 31004
Willets Manufacturing Co., Trenton,
N. J 32126
Woltz,G 31877
Woods, E.L 31005
APPENDIX III.
List of the Accessions to the Museum Liurary by Gift and
Exchange during the Fiscal Year ending June ;>0, 181)7.'
I.— INSTITITIONS.
AFRIC A.
Cape Colony.
Cape Town.
South African Philosoi'iiical So-
ciety.
Transactions, vii, pt. 2, 189(', [in, pt.
2; V, pt. 2; vi, pts. 1-2; vii, pt. 1.]
Egypt.
Cairo.
INSTITUT I5(tYPTIEN.
Bnllftin, (3) v, pts. 8-fl, 1894; vi,
1895. [(3) V, pts. 1-7.]
Madagascar.
Antananarivo.
Antaxaxauivo Anxuai, and Mada-
gascar Magazixe, 1, 1875-1878; ii,
1881-1884.
AMF.RICA.
NORTH AMERICA.
British America.
CMcoutimi.
Le Naturaliste Canadiex, xxiii,
pts. 6-12, 1896; xxiv, pts. 1-5, 1897.
[xxi-xxii; xxiii pts. 1-5]
Halifax.
Nova Scotiax Institute of Natukal
Science.
Proceedings and transactions, (2) n,
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pts. 1-3; V, pts. 3-4; vi-vii; (2) i;
ii,pt. 1.]
Montreal.
Natural History Society.
Cauadiau Record of Science, vii, pts.
1-4, 1896-1897. [Complete.]
' The iniml)crs of volumes and parts f^ivcii in In
library already possesses of the various series.
Ottawa.
Department of Agriculture, Cen-
tral Experimental Farm.
Bulletin 25, 1896. [21-23.]
Geological Survey of Canada.
Annual report, n. s., vii, 1894. [1843-
1871,1874-1893.]
Contributions from the herbarium of
the Geok)gical Survey of Canada.
James M. Marcoun. Pt. 8, 1895.
p. 1-11 ; pt. 9, 1896. p. 39-50 < Can-
adian Keeord of Science.
List of plants known to occur on the
coast and in the interior of the
Labrador peninsula. .James M.
Marcoun. Ottawa, 1896. 8vo, p.
353-366. < Ann. Rep. Geol. Surv.
Canada, 1896.
Quehec.
Universiti': Laval.
Annuaire, 1896-1897. [1892-1895.]
St. John.
Natural History' Society' of New
Brunswick.
Bulletins, 6-10, 14. [Complete.]
St. Laurent.
St. Laurent College.
Bulletin, no. 12, 1897. [10-11.]
Toronto.
Canadian Institute.
Proceedings, n. s., i, pt. 1, 1897.
Transactions, v, pt. 1, 1896. [Com-
plete.]
Winnipcfi.
Department of Agriculture and
Iimmigration.
Bulletins, 49-50, 1894-1896. [44-48.]
Report, 1895.
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153
154
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Winnipeg — Continned.
Historical Axn Scientific Society.
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Transactions, no. 48, 1896.
Mexico.
AgnascaJientes.
El Instructor, xiii, pts. 3-12, 1896, xiv
])ts. 1-2, 1897. [XII, pts. 3-4.]
Mexico.
Instituto Geologico dk Mkxico.
Boletfn, 3-6, 1896-1897. [2.]
Instituto Medico Nacional.
Auales, ii, pts. 1-5,1896 ; iii, pt. 1,1897.
Ci,pt.8.]
SociEDAD Cientifica " Antonio Al-
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United States.
Alabama.
Montgomery.
Polytechnic Institute, State Agri-
cultural AND Mechanical Col-
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Catalogue, 1894-1895. [1888-1893.]
California.
Berkeley.
University of California,
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Agricultural Experiment Station Bul-
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Department of Geology.
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plete.]
Report of the viticultural work dur-
ing the seasons of 1887-1893, with
data regarding the vintages of
1894-1895. Sacramento, 1896. 8vo,
466 pp.
Resistant vines; their selection,
adaptation .and grafting. Arthur
r. Hayne. Sacramento, 1897. 8vo,
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Mount n ami It 0)1.
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Brief account of the Lick Observa-
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Mount Hamilton — Continued.
Lick Observatory — Continued.
Cipher-code for astronomical mes-
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p. 109-138, <Pub. Astron. Soc
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Oakland.
Tompkins School.
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Sacramcn to.
California State Mining Buheat.
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Catalogue of California fossils. J. G.
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Sa7i Diego.
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State Mining Journal, i, pts. 10, 12,
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Colorado College.
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Automatic water recording gauge.
Ernest Le Neve Foster. Denver,
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Magnetic concentration apiilied to
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<Proc. Colo. Sci. Soc, 1897.
Notes on the occurrence of a rich
silver and gold mineral containing
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Georgetown, Colo. Richard
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Pearceite, a siilpharsenite of silver,
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Denver — Coutinned.
Colorado Scikntific Society — C't'd.
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Recent assay balance. L. S. Austin.
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n. p., n. d. 8vo, 18 jip.
Tccbui<!al determination of iron. L.
.1. W. Jones. Denver, 1896. 8vo, 14
j)p. <^Proc. Colo. Sci. 8oc., 1896.
Fori Collins.
Colorado State Agricultuual Col-
lege.
Annual catalogue, xvii, 1895.
Colorado State Board of Agricul-
ture.
Annual report, xvii, 1895.
Connecticut.
Middleloicn.
Storr's Agricultural College.
Annual report of trustees, 1896.
Wesleyan University.
Annual catalogue, 1896-1897. [1895-
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Xeiv JIartn.
Yale University Observatory*.
Report, 1895-1896.
Portland.
The Observer, vii, pts. 7-10, 1896.
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Washingtoii.
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[x-xi.]
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Circular, nos. 1-17, 1893-1897.
Division of Ornithology and Mam-
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North American Fauna, nos. 11-12,
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Division of Publications.
List of publications for five years
1889-1893. Washington, 1894.
8vo, 42 pp.
Division of Statistics.
Circular, no. 3, 1896.
Report, miscellaneous ser. 2-8,1892-
1894.
Washington — Continued.
Agriculture, Depart.ment of — Con-
tinued.
Division of Vegetable Physiology
and Pathology.
Bulletin, 10-11, 1896.
Farmers' Bulletin, nos. 32, 42, 43, 49-
51, 53, 1895-1897.
Libr.ary Bulletin, nos. 12-19, 1896-
1897. [1-4,6-8,10-11.]
Office of Experiment Stations.
Record, vii, pt. 10, 1896-1897.
[Complete.]
Section of Foreign Markets.
Circular, 11, 1896. [8-9.]
Report of Secretary, 1896. [1889,
1891,1893.]
Weather Bureau.
Bulletin, no. 11, pt. 3, 1896 ; 13, 1896.
[1, 4-8, 10.]
Monthly Weather Review, xxiv,
1896; XXV, pts. 1-5, 1897. [xxi-
XXIII.]
Year-book, 1895.
American Jewish Historical Soci-
ety Publications, x, 1897. [Com-
plete.]
American Monthly Microscopical
Journal, xvii, pts. 11-12, 1896;
xviii, pts. 1-10, 1896. [1, pt. II; 2,
pt. 4 ; V, pts. 1-11 ; vi, pts. 1-9, 11-
12; vii, pts. 2-6, 9-11, viii-xvi;
XVII, pts. 1-10.]
Anthropological Society of Wash-
ington.
American Anthropologist, ix, jits. 7-
12, 1896; X, pts. 1-6,1897. [Com-
plete.]
Biological Society of Washington.
Proceedings, x, pp. 115-125, 131-167,
1897. [Complete.]
Census Bureau.
Report on the insane, feeble-minded,
deaf and dumb, and blind in the
United States. Washington, 1895.
4to, 755 pp.
Report on farms and homes : pro-
prietorship and indebtedness in
the United States, 1890. G. K.
Holmes and J. S. Lord. Washing-
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Report on vital and social statistics
in the United States.
Pt. 2. Vital statistics. Cities of
100,000 population and upward.
Washington, 1881. 4to, 1181 pp.
156
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897
Washingion — Coutiuned.
Ckxsis Hurkau — Coiitiuucd.
Pt. 4. Statistics of deaths. Wash-
ington, 1895. 4to, 1033 pp.
Civil Service Commission.
Annual report, xii, 1894-1895.
Coast and Geodetic Survey.
Report, 1895. [1851-1866, 1868-1894.]
Edtcation, Bureau of.
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Report on the introduction of domes-
tic reindeer into Alaska. Sheldon
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Entomological Society of Wasii-
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Proceedings, iii, pt. .5, 1895; iv, pt. 1,
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Ethnology, Uureau oi.
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Haida grammar, C. Harrison,
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Roy. Soc. Can., (2) v. 1.
Pueblo Indian clans. F. W. Hodge.
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<^Amer. Anthropologist, Oct., 1896.
Fish Commission.
Annotated list of the iishes known
from the state of Vermont. B. W.
Evermann and W, C. Kendall.
Washington, 1896. 8vo, p. 579-604,
<Rep. U. S. Fish. Com., 1894,
Artificial propagation of the rainbow
trout. George A. Seagle. Wash-
ington, 1896. 4to, p. 237-256, pis.
88-94, <Bull. U, S. Fish Com.,
1896.
Artificial propagation of salmon on
the Pacific coast of the United
States with notes on the natural
history of the Quinnat salmon.
Livingston Stone, Washington,
1896, 4to, 15 pis. p. 205-235.
<Bull, U, S. Fish Com., 1896,
Check-list of the fishes and fish-liko
vertebrates of North and Middle
America. David Starr .Jordan and
B. W, Evermann, Washington,
1896. 8vo, p. 207-584, <Rep,
U.S. Fisli Com., 1895.
Washington — Continued,
Fish Co.aimission — Continued.
Description of a closing tow-net.
C. H, Townscnd, Washington,
1896, 8vo, p. 279-282. pis. 9-10.
<Rep, U. S. Fish Com., 1894,
Description of a new species of shad
(Alosa alabamw) from Alabama.
B. W. Evermann, Washington,
1896. 8vo, p, 203-205, <Rep. U. S.
Fish Com., 1895.
Fish and fisheries of the coastal
waters of Florida. .T. .1, Brice,
Washington, 1897. 8vo, pp. 263-
342, <Kep. U. S. Fish Com., 1896.
Ichthyological collections of the U. S.
Fish Commission Steamer J //>a7ros8
during the years 1890 and 1891.
Chas. H. Gilbert, Washington,
1896. 8 vo, p, 393-476, pis. 20-35.
<Rep. U. S. Fish Com., 1893,
List of puljlieations of the U, S. Fish
Commission, Chas, W, Scuddcr.
Washington, 1896. 8vo, p. 617-706,
<Rep. U. S. Fish Com., 1894,
Notes on Biscayne bay, Florida, with
reference to its adaptabilitj'^ as the
site of a marine hatching and ex-
periment station. Hugh M. Smith.
Washington, 1896. 8vo, p, 169-191.
<Rep, U. S, Fish Com., 1895,
Notes on the food of four species of
the cod family, Wm, C, Kendall,
W^ashington, 1897, 8vo, p. 177-186.
<Rep, U, S. Fish Com,, 1896.
Remarks on the movements and
breeding grounds of the fur-seal,
J. J. Brice. Washington, 1896, 8vo,
p. 573-577, <Rep, U, S, Fish
Com., 1894.
Report of the .Commissoner, 1894,
1895 and 1896,
Report upon the fishes of southwest-
ern Minnesota. Ulysses 0, Cox,
Washington, 1896, 8vo, p. 605-616."
<K'ep. U, S. Fish Com,, 1894.
Report on the fisheries of the Indian
river, Fla, J. J, Brice. Washing-
ton, 1897, 8vo, pp, 223-262 pis.
23-59, <Rep, U, S, Fish Com.,
1896.
Report upon the fishes of the !Mis-
souri river basin. B, W, Ever-
mann and U, O, Cox, Washington,
1896, 8vo, p. 325-429, <Rep. U.
S. Fish Com., 1894.
ACCESSIONS TO LIBRARY.
157
irashini/tDii — Continued.
Fisu Commission — Continued.
Keport upou the iuvestigutions of the
U. S. Fish Comiuission Steamer Al-
batross lor the year ending June oO,
1895. F. J. Drake. Washington,
1896. 8vo, p. 125-168. <Rep. U. S.
Fish Com., 1895.
Report upon the observations of the
U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Al-
batross for the year ending June 30,
1894. Z. L.Tanner and F. J. Drake.
Washington, 1896. 8vo, p. 197-278.
pis. 6-S. <Eep. U. S. Fish Com.,
1894.
Report of the representative of the
U. S. Fish Commission at the
World's Columbian Exposition.
Tarleton H. Bean. Washington,
1896. 8vo, pis. 1-5. p. 177-196.
<Rep. U. S. Fish Com., 1894.
Report upou salmon investigation in
the headwaters of the Columbia
river in the state of Idaho, in 1895 ;
together with notes upon tlie iishes
observed in that State in 1894 and
1895. B. W. Evermanu. Washing-
ton, 1896. 4to, p. 149-202. pis. 67-72.
<Bull. U. S. Fish. Com., 1896.
Review of the foreign fishery trade
of the United States. Chas. H.
Stevenson. Washington, 1896. 8vo,
p. 431-571. <Rep. U. S. Fish
Com., 1894.
Russian fur-seal islands. L. Stej-
neger. Washington, 1896. 4to,
1896. 148 pp. 66 pi. < Bull. U. S.
Fish Com., 1896.
Transplanting of eastern oysters to
Wallapa bay, Washington, with
notes on the native oyster industry.
C. H. Townsend. Washington,
1896. 8vo, p. 193-202. < Rep. U. S.
Fish Com., 1895.
Whitefishes of North America.
B. W. Evermann and Hugh Smith.
Washington, 1896. 8vo, p. 283-324.
pi. 12-28. < Rep. U. S. Fish Com.,
1894.
Geological Society ok Wasiiingtox.
Presidential address by Sanil. Frank-
lin Emmons, with constitution and
standing rules, abstracts of min-
utes, and list of officers and mem-
bers. Washington, 1897. 8vo,
60 pp.
Was1iin<iton — Continued.
Geological Survey.
Annual report XVI, 1895. [Complete.]
Bulletins 123-131, 1895-1896. [1-86,
90-122.]
Geological atlas of the United
States, uos. 7, 13-25.
Government Printing Office.
Second annual rejiort of Superin-
tendent of documents, 1896.
Catalogue of United States public
documents, pt. 20, 1896 ; pt. 26, 1897.
Interior, Department of.
Annual report of Secretary, 1895.
Labor, department of.
Bulletin, 5-9, 1896. [Complete.]
Life Saving Skrvice.
Annual report, 1896.
National Geographic Society'.
National Geographic ^lagaziue, vii,
pt. 7, 10-12; vm, pts. 1-2, 1896.
[i, pts. 1-4, III, pp. 53-204; vii, pts.
3-7, 10-12].
National Museum.
Birds of the Galapagos archipelago.
Robt. Eidgway. Washington,
1896. 8vo, p. 459-670. 2 pis.
<Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xix, 1896.
Bulletin, nos. 47-49, 1896. [Com-
plete.]
Catalogue of a collection of birds
made by Dr. W. L. Abbott in East-
ern Turkestan, Thian Shan moun-
tains, aiulTagdumbashl'amir, Cen-
tral Asia, with notes on some of the
species. Chas. W. Richmond.
Washington, 1896. 8vo, p. 569-591.
<^ Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xviii.
Catalogue of a collection of birds
made by Dr. W. L. Abbott in Mada-
gascar, with descriptions of three
new species. Chas. W. Richmond.
Washington, 1897. 8vo, p. 677-694.
< Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xix.
Contributions to the natural history
of the Commander islands, xi. —
The cranium of Pallas's Cormorant.
F. A. Lucas. Washington, 1896.
8vo, p. 717-719. < Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., xviii.
Description of a new blenny-like fish
of the genus Opisthocentrus col-
lected in Vulcauo bay, Port Moru-
san, Japan, by Nicolai Grebnitski.
158
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Washington — Continued.
National Museum — Continued.
B. A. Bean and T. H. Bean. Wash-
ington, 1897. 8vo, p. 381-392.
< Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xx.
Description of a new crustacean of
the genus Sphwroma from a warm
spring in New Mexico. Harriet
Richardson. Washington, 1897,
8vo, p. 115, < Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
XX.
Descriptions of new cyuipidous galls
and gall- wasps in the United States
National Museum. Wm. H. Ash-
mead. Washington, 1896. 8vo, p.
113-136. <Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
XIX.
Description of a new genus and four
new species of crabs from the West
Indies. Mary J. Rathbuu. Wash-
ington, 1896. 8vo, p. 141-144.
< Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xix.
Description of a new species of bat
of the genus Glossophaija. Harri-
son Allen. Washington, 1896. 8vo,
p. 779-781. <Proc. U. S.Nat.Mus.,
XVIII.
Descriptions of tertiary fossils from
the Antilleau region. R. J. L. Gup-
py and Wm. H. Dall. Washington,
1896. 8vo, p. 303-331. 4 pis. <Proc.
U.S.Nat. Mus., XIX.
Description of two ne^v species of
fresh water crabs from Costa Rica.
Mary J. Rathbun. Washiugton,
1896. 8vo. p. 377-379. < Proc.
U. S. Nat. Mus., xviii.
Description of some new birds from
Aldabra, Assumption, and Gloriosa
islands, collected by Dr. W. L. Ab-
bott. Robert Ridgway. W^ashing-
ton, 1894. 8vo, p. 371-373. < Proc.
U. S. Nat. Mus., XVII.
Description of three species of sand
fleas (Amphipods) collected at
Newport, R. I. Sylvester D. Judd.
Washington, 1896. 8vo, p. 593-603.
< Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xviii.
Description of twenty-two new spe-
cies of birds from the (xalapagos
islands. Robt. Ridgway. Wash-
ington, ' 1894. 8vo, p. 357-370.
<Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xvii.
Description of twenty-two new spe-
cies of fishes collected by the
steamer Albatross of the United
Washington — Continued.
National Museum — Continued.
States Fish Commission. Clias. H.
Gilbert. Washington, 1897. 8vo,
p. 437-457. <Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., XIX.
Diagnosis of some undcscribcd wood
rats (Genus Neotoma) in the Na-
tional Museum. F. W. True.
Washington, 1894. 8vo, p. 353-3.55.
<Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xvii.
Fishes collected at Bering and Cop-
per islands by Nikolai A. Grebnit-
ski and Leonhard Stejneger.
Tarleton Bean and Barton Bean.
Washington, 1896. 8vo, p. 237-
251. <Proc. U.S.N, Mus., XIX.
Genus Eemondki Gabb, a gi'oup of
Cretaceous bivalve mollusks. T.W.
Stanton. Washington, 1896. 8vo,
p. 299-301. <Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mns., XIX.
The golden patera of Rennes. Thos.
Wilson. Washington, 1896. 8vo,
p. 609-617. < Rep. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
1894.
Insects collected by Dr. Abbott on
the Seychelles, Aldabra, Gloriosa, .
and Providence islands, with de-
scriptions of nine new species of
Coleoptera. Martin L. Linell.
Washington, 1897. 8vo, p. 695-706.
<Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xix.
Is the Florida Box Tortoise a distinct
species? Einar Lonnberg. Wash-
ington, 1896. 8vo, p. 253-254.
<Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xix.
List of Coleoptera collected on the
Tana river and on the Jombend
range, East Africa, by Wm. Astor
Chanler and Lieut. Ludwig von
Hohuel, with descriptions of new
genera and species. Martin L.
Linell. Washiugton, 1896. <Proc.
U. S. Nat. Mus., XVIII.
List of the Lepidoptera collected in
East Africa, ISill, by Wm. Astor
Chanler and Lieut. Ludwig von
Hohnel. W. J. Holland. Wash-
ington, 1896. 8vo, p. 741-767.
<Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xviii.
Mancala, the national game of Africa.
Stewart Culin. Washington, 1896.
8vo, p. .595-607. < Rep. U. S. Nat.
Mus., 1894.
ACCESSIONS TO LIBRARY.
159
If'anhiiK/toii — t'ou tinned.
National Mu.seim — Coutiiiued.
Notes on the occureuce of an Arma-
dillo of the genus A'eniiriis in Hon-
duras. F. W. True. Washington,
1896. 8vo, p. 345-347. <Proc. U.S.
Nat. Mus., XVIII.
Notes on the vampire bat {DlphyUu
ecaudaia) with special reference to
its relationship with Desmodus
rufus. Harrison Alien. Washing-
ton, 1896. 8vo, p. 769-777. <rroc.
U.S. Nat. Mus., XVIII.
On the fossil Phyllopod genera.
DipeUis and Protocaris of the
family ApodidiB. Chas. Schuchert.
Washington, 1897. 8vo, p. 671-676.
<Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xix.
Preliminary diagnoses of new mam-
mals of tlie genera Lynx, Uroct/on
Spilogale, and Mephitis, from the
Mexican boundary line. E. A.
Mearns. Washington, 1897. 8vo, p.
1-1. < Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xx.
Preliminary diagnoses of the mam-
mals of the genera MepMtis, Dorce-
laphus, and Dicotyles from the
Mexican border of the United
States. E. A. Mearns. Washing-
ton, 1897. 8vo, p. 467-471. <Proc.
U. S. Nat. Mus., XX.
Preliminary diagnoses of new mam-
mals from the Mexican border of
the United States. E. A. Mearns.
Washington, 1896. p. 137-14 0.
< Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xix.
Primitive travel and transportatitm.
O. T. Mason. Washington, 1896.
8vo, p. 239-.593. < Rep. U. S. Nat.
Mus., 1894.
Proceedings U. S. National Museum,
XVIII, 189.5. [Complete.]
Relationship of theLacertilian genus
AnnieUa Gray. G. Baur. Wash-
ington, 1894. 8vo, p. 34.5-351.
< Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xvii.
Remarks on the synonymy of some
North American Scolytid beetles.
Wm. Eichhoff. Washington, 1896.
8vo, p. 605-610. < Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., XVIII.
Report on the fishes dredged in deep
water near the Hawaiian islands,
with descriptions and figures of
twenty-three new species. Chas.
H. Gilbert and Frank Cramer.
WashitKjtiin — Continued.
National ^Itsku.m — Continued.
Washington, 1897. 8vo, p. 403-435.
< Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xix.
Report on the mollusks collected by
tlie International Boundary Com-
mission of the United States and
Mexico, 1892-1894. Wm. H. Dall.
Washington, 1896. 8vo, p. 333-379.
< Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xix.
Revision of the adult tapeworm of
hares and rabbits. C. -W. Stiles.
Washington, 1896. 8vo, p. 145-235.
< Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xix.
Revision of the American moles.
F. W. True. Washington, 1896.
8vo, p. 1-112. <Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., XIX.
Study of the primitive methods of
drilling. J. 1). Mc(4uire. Washing-
ton, 1896. 8vo, p. 623-756. <Rep.
U.S. Nat. Mus., 1894.
Summary of the Hemipteraof .lapan
presented to the U. S. National
Museum by Professor Mitsukuri.
Philip R. Uhler. Washington, 1896.
8vo, p. 255-297. <Proc. U. S. Nat.
Mus., XIX.
The swastika. Thos. Wilson. Wash-
ington, 1896. 8vo, p. 757-1011.
<Rep. U.S.Nat. Mus., 1894.
The wooden statue of Baron li Ka-
mou-uo-Kami Naosuke, Pioneer
diplomat of Japan. Translation
by A. Satoh. Washington, 1896.
8vo, p. 619-622. <Rep. U. S. Nat.
Mus., 1894.
Navat. Observat(>i;y.
Magnetic obser\ations. Appendix 1.
' 1894. Washington, 1895. 4to,
113 pp.
Philosophical Society of WAsitiN(;-
TON.
Bulletin, xii, 1896. [Complete.]
Bulletin de la Societe Geologitjue de
France, (3) xvi-xxiii, 1887-1895.
H a m b u rg i s c h e Wissenschaftliclie
Anstalt, jahrbuch, i-vi, viii-xii,
1885-1894.
Smithsonian Institction.
The age of electricity. M. Mascart.
Washington, 1894. 8vo, p. 153-172.
<^Smithsonian Rep., 1894.
Air and life. Henry de Varigny.
Washington, 1896. 8vo, p. 1-69.
<Smithsonian Misc. Col., xxxix.
IGO
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1«97.
Waahtnyton — Continued.
Smithsonian iNrfTiTUTiON — ('out'd.
Annual report of the board of re-
->euts, lsy4-lS95. [Complete.]
Antarctica: A vanished austral land.
H. O. Forbes. Washington, 1896.
p. 297-316. < Smithsonian Rep.,
1894.
Ants' nests. August Forel. Wash-
ington, 1894. 8vo, p. 479-505.
<^Sniith8onian Rep., 1894.
Argon,. a new constituent of the at-
mosphere. Lord Rayleigh andWni.
Ramsay. Washington, 1896. fol.,
43 pp. <^ Smithsonian Contrih.
Knowl., XX,
Art of casting bronze in Japan. W.
Gowland. Washington, 1894. 8vo,
p. 609-651. <^ Smithsonian Rep.,
1894.
Atmospheric actinometry and the
actinic constitution of the atmos-
phere. E. Duclaux. Washington,
1896. fol., p. 1-48. <Smithsonian
Contrib. Knowl., xxix.
Catalogue of scientific and technical
periodicals, 1865-1895. 2ndcd.,pt8.
1-2. H. C. Bolton. Washington,
1897. 8vo, p. 1-1015. Smithsonian
Misc. Col., xxxix.
Constants of nature. Part v. A re-
calculation of the atomic weights.
Frank W. Clarke. Washington,
1897. 8vo, 370 pi>, <^Smithsonian
Misc. Col., xxxviii.
Development of the cartography of
America up to the year 1.570. S.
Ruge. p. 281-296. <Smiths()nian
Rep., 1894.
Discovery of Greek horizontal curves
in the Mai.son Carree at Nlmes.
Wm. H. Goodyear. Washington,
1894. 8vo, p! 573-588. <Smith-
sonian Rep., 1894.
Equipment and work of an aero-
physical observatory. Alexander
McAdie. Wasliiugtou, 1897. 8vo,
p. 1-30. <^Smith8onian Misc. Col.
XXXIX.
Evolution of modern society, in its
historical aspects. R. D. Melville.
Washington, 1894. 8vo, p. 507-
521. <^Snuthsoniau Rep., 1894.
Founding of the Berlin University,
and the transition from the philo-
sophic to the scientilic age. R. Vir-
Waah ington — Continued.
Smithsonian Institution — Cont'd,
chow. Washington, 1894. Xvo,
p. 681-695. <.Smithsonian Re]).,
1894.
Four days' observittifin at the sununit
of Mont Blanc. M. ,1. Janssen.
Washington, 1894. 8vo, p. 237-247.
<^Smithsonian Rep., 1894.
The Guanehes: ancient inhabitants
of Canary. J. W. Gambler. Wash-
ington, 1894. 8vo, p. 541-553.
<^ Smithsonian Rep., 1894.
The henry. T. C. Mendenhall, Wash-
ington, 1894. Svo, p. 141-152.
<^Smithsonian Reji., 1894.
Hermann von Helmholtz. W. Rilek-
er. Washington, 1894. 8vo, p.
709-718. <Smithsonan Rep., 1894.
Influence of certain agents in destroy-
ing the vitality of tlie typhoid and
of the colon bacillus. ,J. S. Billings.
Washington, 1894. 8vo, p. 451-458.
<^Smithsoniau Rep., 1894.
The Institute of France in 1894. M.
Loewy. Washington, 1894. 8vo,
p. 697-708. < Smithsonian Rep.,
1894.
Light and electricity, according -to
Maxwell and Hertz. M. Poincare.
Washington, 1894. 8vo, p. 129-139.
<^Smithsonian Rep., 1894.
Magnitude of the solar system. Wm.
Harkness. Washington, 1894. 8vo,
p. 93-111. <^Smithsonian Rep.,
1894.
The methods of arclneological re-
search. Henry Howorth. Wash-
ington, 1894. 8vo, p. 589-608.
<^Sniithsonian Rep., 1894.
Meteorological tables. Based on
Guyot's meteorological and physi-
cal tables. Revised edition. Wash-
ington, 1896. 8vo,274pp. < Smith-
sonian Misc. Col., XXXV.
Method of organic evolution. Alfn^d
R. Wallace. Washington, 1894.
Svo, p. 413-435. <^Smithsouian
Rep., 1894.
Methods for the determination of
organic matter in air. D. H. Ber-
gey. Washington, 1896. Svo, 28
pp. <^Smithsonian Misc. Col.,
xxxix.
Migration and the food quest: a
study of the peopling of America.
ACCESSIONS TO LIBRARY.
KU
TTasJiington — Coutiniied.
Smitiisoniax Ixstitutiox — Cont'd.
O. T. Mason. Washington, 1891.
8vo, p. 523-539. <^Siiiitli8()nian
Re])., 1894.
Modern development of Harvey's
work in treatment of diseases of
the heart and circulation. T. L.
Brunton. Washington, 1894. 8vo,
p. 4.59-478. <^.Siaithsoui;in Rep.,
1894.
iloiiutain observatories in America
and Europe. E. S. Ilolden. Wash-
ington, 1896. 8vo, 77 pp. <^Smith-
sonian Misc. Col., xxxvii.
Origin of the oldest fossils ;ind the
discovery of the bottom of the
ocean. W. K. Brooks. Washing-
ton, 1894. 8vo, p. 359-376. <Smith-
sonian Rep., 1894.
Part played by electricity in the
l)henomena of animal life. J^rnest
Solvay. Washington, 1894. 8vo,
p. 437-458. <^ Smithsonian Rep.,
1894.
Pho<ogra]ihic jihotometry. M. J.
.lanssen. Washington, 1894. 8vo,
p. 191-196. <^Smithsonian Rep.,
1894.
Physical condition of the ocean. W.
J. L. Wharton. Washington, 1894.
Svo., p. 343-358. <^Smithsonian
Rep., 1894.
Promotion of further discovery of the
arctic and antarctic regions. C. R.
JIarlvham. Washington, 1894. 8vo,
]). 317-358. <^Smithsonian Rep.,
1894.
Psychology of prestidigitation.
Alfred liinet. Washington, 1894.
8vo, p. 555-571. <^Smith8onian
Rep., 1894.
Publications of the Smithsonian Insti-
tution. Wm. J. Rhees. Washing-
ton, 1896. Svo, 86 pp.
Relations of physiology to chemistry
and morphology. Giulio Fano.
W^ashington, 1894. 8vo, p. 377-389.
<^Smitbsonian Rep., 1894.
Re])ort of S. P. Langley, 1895.
Scliiaparelli's latest views concerning
Mars. Wm. H. Pickering. Wash-
ington, 1894. 8vo, p. 113-128.
<^Smithsonian Rep., 1894.
NAT MUS 07 11
Washinglon — Continued.
Smithsonian Institution — Cont'd.
Scientific problems of the future. H.
Elsdale. Washington, 1894. 8vo,
p. 667-679. <^Smith8ouian Rep.,
1894.
Sketch of Heinrich Hertz. Helene
Bonfort. Washington, 1894. Svo,
p. 719-726. <^Smith8onian Rep.,
1894.
Smithsonian physical tables. Thos.
Gray. Washington, 1896. 301 pp.
<^ Smithsonian Misc. Col., xxxv.
Splash of a drop and allied phenom-
ena. A. M. Worthington. Wash-
ington, 1894. Svo, p. 197-211.
■^Smithsonian Rep., 1894.
Studj' and research. Rudolph Vir-
chow. W^ashington, 1894. Svo,
p. 653-665. <^Smithsouian Rep.,
1894.
Terrestrial magnetism. A. W. Riick-
er. ^Vashiugton, 1894. Svo, p. 173-
189. <Smithsonian Rep., 1894,
Variation of latitude. J. K. Rees.
Washington, 1894. Svo, p. 271-279.
<:^Sraithsonian Rep., 1894.
Virginia cartography. P Lee Phil-
li^js. Washington, 1896. Svo, p.
1-85. <^Smithsonian Misc. Col.,
XXXVII.
Waste and conservation of plant food.
Harvey W. Wiley. Washington,
1894. Svo, p. 213-235. <Smithso-
nian Rep., 1894.
Weather making, ancient and mod-
ern. Mark W. Harrington. Wash-
ington, 1894. Svo, p. 249-270.
<^Smiths(inian Rep.. 1894.
The work of the physiological station
at Paris. E. J. Marey. Washiug-
ton, 1894. Svo, p. 391-412. <Smith-
sonian Rep., 1894.
Surgeon-Genekal's Office.
Index catalogue, (2) i. [Complete.]
Treasuky Department.
Observations on the fur seals of the
Pribilof islands. David Starr Jor-
dan. Washington, 1896. Svo, 69 pp.
Report of the Supervising Architect,
1896.
Flori(I.i.
Jacksonville.
Florida AouicrLTrRAL ExPEia.MENT
Station.
Bulletins. 29, 30, 34, 1894-1895. [1-24.]
162
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Georgia.
Atlanta.
Gkological Survey.
Administrative rc])ort of the state
geologist, Oct. 24, 1894, to Oct. 15,
1896.
Statk College of Agriculture and
Mechanic Arts. Georgia Ex-
periment Station.
Biilletins, 29-35, 1895-1897. [Com-
plete.]
Illinois.
Chicaffo.
Academy of Sciences.
Annual report, xxxviii, 1895; xxxix,
1896.
Art Institute.
Annual report, xvii, 1895-1896.
Catalogue of objects in the Museum.
Part I — sculpture and painting.
Chicago, 1896, 12mo. 144 pp.
Field Columbian Museum.
Annual exchange catalogue for the
years 1896-1897. Chicago, 1896.
12mo, 57 pp.
Publications.
Anthropological series, i, pt. 2, 1897.
[Complete.]
Botanical series, i, pt. 3, 1896.
[Complete.]
Geological series, i, pt. 2, 1897.
[Complete.]
Ornithological series, i, pt. 2, 1896.
[Complete.]
Report series, i, pts. 1-2, 1895.
Zoological series, i, pts. 4-7, 1895.
[Complete.]
Unia'ersity op Chicago.
Work in anthropologj' at the Univer-
sity of Chicago. Davenport, 1897.
12mo, 8 pp.
World's Columbian Exposition (col-
le(;ted at).
Columbian history of education in
Kansas. Topeka, 1893. 8vo,231pp.
Geology and mineral resources of
Kansas. Robert Hay. Topeka, 1893.
8vo, 66 pp. <^8th biennial rep.
Kan. St. Board Agric, 1891-1892.
Maryland, its resources, industries,
and institutions. Baltimore, 1893.
8vo, 504 pp.
Michigan State Horticultural Society.
Annual report, xxi, 1891.
Chicaffo — Continued.
World's Columbian Exposition (col-
lected at) — Continued.
Mountain state. A description of the
natural resources of West ^'i^ginia.
G. W. Summers. Charleston, 1893.
8vo, 2,59 pp.
Official catalogtie of the British sec-
tion of the Chicago Exhibition.
London, 1893. 12mo, 544 pp.
Ores of North Carolina. W. C. Kerr
and Geo. B. Hanna. Raleigh, 1888.
8vo, p. 121-359. <Geol. North Car-
oliua, II.
Siamese exhibits at the World's Co-
lumbian Exposition. F. Mayer,
n. p., n. d. 12mo, 16 pp.
Statistical report on the beet sugar
Avorks. E. A. Balascholf. Kieii",
1892. 8vo, 27 pp.
Evanston.
Northwestern University.
Annual report, 1896-1897.
Galesburg.
The Osprey, i, pts. 1-9, 1896-1897.
Springfield.
Illinois State Laboratory of Nat-
xtral History.
Bulletin, iv, pts. 1-9, 1895. [i, pts.
3-6, II, pt. 3, 5-15.]
Illinois State Museum of Natural
History.
Bulletius, 10-12, 1896-1897. [3-9. ]
Urbaua.
Illinois University, Agricultural
Experiment Station.
Bulletins 44^8, 1896-1897. [Com-
plete.]
Biennial report of the biological ex-
periment station, 1895-1896.
Indiana.
BrookviUe.
Indiana Academy of Sciences.
Proceedings, 1894-1895. [1891-1893.]
Iowa.
Avus.
Agricultural Experiment Station.
Bulletin, uos. 31-33, 1895-1896. [Com-
plete.]
Iowa City.
State Historical Society.
Documentary material relating to the
history of Iowa, nos. 4-8, 1895-1896.
[Complete.]
Record, xii, pt. 3-4; xiii, pts. 1-2,
1896. [x, XI, XII, pts. 1-2.]
ACCESSIONS TO LIBRARY.
1G3
Kansas.
Lawrence.
Kansas University.
Quarto rly, ill, pts. 2-4, 1894-1895; iv,
pts. 1-4, 1895-1896, v, pt. 1, 1896.
[Complete.]
Manhattan.
Kansas State Agricultural Col-
lege Experiment Station.
Annual report, ix, 1896. [Complete.]
Topeka.
Kansas Academy Sciences.
Transactions, XIV, 1893-1894. [i-iii,
VIII-XIII.]
Kentucky.
Lex ill (/ton.
State College Agrk^ultural Ex-
periment Station.
Annual report, viii, 1896. [Com-
plete.]
Bulletin, 56-57, 59-64, 1895-1896. [1-7,
9, 11—55.]
Maine.
Augusta.
Maine State College.
Catalogue, 1896-1897.
Portland.
Society of Natural History.
Proceedings, ii, pt. 4, 1897. [pts.
1, 3, 10-11, 1881; 8, 10-11, 1882; 9,
1889.]
Waterville.
Colby University.
A summary of progress in petrog-
raphy in 1896. W. S. Bayley.
Waterville, 1897. 8vo, 5 pp.
Maryland.
Baltimore.
Johns Hopkins University.
Circulars, xvi, pts. 126-130, 1896-
1897. [Complete.]
Studies from Biological Laboratory,
V, pt. 4, 1893. [I. II, pts. 2-4; iii;
IV, pts. 1-3.]
Studies in Historical and Political
Science, xiv, xv, pts. 1-5, 1897.
[VIII-XIII.]
Register, 1896-1897. [1880-1881, 1884-
1895.
College Park.
Maryland Agricultural College.
Annual report, ix, 1896. [Complete.]
Bulletin, nos. 41-46, 1896-1897.
[Complete.]
jffiassarhnsctts.
Amherst.
Agricultural College Experiment
Station.
Annual report, xxxiv, 1896.
[XXXIII.]
Hatch Experiment Station.
Annual report, ix, 1896. [viii.]
Bulletins 40-47, 1896. [Complete.]
Meteorological Observatory.
Bulletins 90-92, 94-96, 98-101, 1896-
1897. [1-4, 11-13, 15, 17, 2 1-89.]
Andoiwr.
Theological Seminary.
Catalogue, 1896-1897. [1894-1895.]
Boston.
Appalachian Mountain Club.
Appalacliia, viii, pt. 2, 1896. [Com-
plete.]
Register, 1897. [1896.]
Massachusetts Board of Agricul-
ture.
The gypsy moth {Porthetria dispar).
C. H. Forbush and C. H. Fernald.
Boston, 1896. 8vo, 495 pp.
Society of Natural History.
Proceedings, xxvii, pp. 149-2.30,
1896 ; xxviii, pp. 1-84, 1897. [Com-
plete.]
Cambridge.
Harvard University.
Gray Herbarium.
Aster tardiflorus and its forms.
M. L. Fernald. n. p. 1896. 8vo,
p. 275-279. <Botanical Gazette,
XXI, 1896.
Contributions from the Gray Her-
barium, n. 8. no. 10, 1896.
[Complete.]
Fruit of Tropidocarpnm. B. L.
Robinson. San Francisco, 1896.
8vo, p. 109-119. <Erythea iv,
pt. 8.
New genus of Sterculiace;c, and
some other noteworthy plants.
B. L. Robinson and J. M. Green-
man, n. p. 1896. 8vo, p. 168-
170. <^Botanical Gaz., xxii.
New Vihurnum from Missouri. W.
Deane and B. L. Robinson, n. p.
1896. 8vo, p. 166-167 <Bot.
Gaz., XXII.
Notes upon the flora of Newfound-
land. B. L. Robinson and H. von
Schrenlv. n. p. 1896. 8vo,p. 1-31
<^Cauadian Rec. Sci., 1896.
164
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Camhridge — Continued.
Harvaud University — Continued.
Gray Herbjiriuni — Continued.
Undescribcd plants from western
Mexico, collected principally l>y
Frank H. Lamb in the winter of
1894-18il5. M. L. Fernald. n. p.
1895. 8vo, p. 532-.537. < Bot.
Gaz., XX.
Mnscum of Comparative Zoology.
Annual report, 1895-1896. [i, iii-x,
XIII, xvi-xxv.]
Bulletin, xxx, 1897. [i-v, vi, pts.
1-4, 8-12; vii, pts. 1-9, 11; viii,
pts. 5, 7, 9-10, 12-13 ; ix, pts. 1-8;
X, pts. 2, 4-6; XI, pts. 1-3, 5-7,
9-11 ; XII, pts. 1-6 ; xiii, pts. 1-9 ;
xiv-xv; XVI, pts. 1-4, 6-15;
XVII-XXIX.]
Memoirs, xix, pt. 2, 1897 ; xx-xxii,
1897. [i-v; VI, pt. 2; vii, pts.
1-2, VIII, pts. 1-3; IX, pts. 1-3;
X, pts. 1-4; xiv-xviii.
Peabody Museum of American
Arcii.eology and Ethnology.
Report of curator, xiii, 1895-1896.
[Complete.]
2\'eio Bedford.
Natural Science Journal, i, pts. 1-2,
1897.
Salem.
Essex Institute.
Bnlletin, xiv-xx, xxi, pts. 1-6, 10-12;
xxii-xxix. 1882-1897.
11 orvestcr.
American Antk^uarian Society.
Proceedings, ii, pt. 2, 1883.
Society of Antiquity.
Proceedings, 1, 3, 5-13, 17-27, 31, 35,
38-43, 49, 1877-1895.
Michigan.
Avn Arbor.
State A(;ricultural Experiment
Station.
Bulletin, nos.131-138, 1896. [113-130.]
State University.
Calendar, 1895-1897. [1891-1894.]
Houghion.
MiciiKiAN Mining School.
Catalogue, 1894-1896. [1892-1893.]
Minnesota.
Minneapolis.
Minnesota Academy of Natural
Sciences.
Bulletin, iv, pt. 1. 1896 [i, pp. 43-49;
II, pts. 1-3, 5 ; III, pt. 4] .
MlnnettpoU^ — Continued.
Geological and Natural History
Survey.
Final report, iii, pt. 2, 1897.
Zoological series, 3, Preliminary re-
l>ort on the fishes of Minnesota.
St. Paul, 1897. 8vo, 93 pp.
St. Paul.
Minnesota Historical Society.
Ninth biennial report, 1897.
Minnesota UNI^'ERSITY, Agricul-
tural Experiment Staiion.
Bulletin, nos. 50-51, 1896 [37].
Western Field and Streaai, i, 1896-
1897; II, pts. 1-2, 1897.
Misf^issippi.
Agricultural College.
Agricultural and Mechanical
College.
Bulletin, nos. ,39-41, 1896-1897. [Com-
plete.]
Missouri.
St. Lotiis.
Academy of Sciences.
Transactions, v, pts. 3-4, 1892; vi,
pts. 3-8, 1893; vii, pts. 1, 3, 5, 1895.
[Complete.]
Age of Steel, lxxx, 1896; lxxxi,
, pts. 1-13, 15-24, 1897. [lx, pts.
1,5-26 ; LXV-LX VII ; Lxviii, pts. 1-1.5,
17-26; Lxix-Lxxi; lxxii pts. 1-16,
18-27; Lxxiii-Lxxviii; Lxxixpts.
1-14, 16-26.]
Saint Louis Lumberman, xviii, pts.
5-6, 1896; xix, pts. 1-4, 1897. [i,
pts. 2-6; iii-xvii, xviii pts. 1-4.]
Montana.
Bos email.
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Bulletin, nos. 7-10, 1896-1897. [2-4.]
Nebraslca.
Lincoln.
Nebraska University, Agricultural
Experiment Station.
Bulletin, viii, pt. 45, 1896. [i, pts.
1-2, III, pts. 3-11, VII, pts. 39-41.]
\evada.
Beno.
State University, Agricultural
Experiment Station.
Annual report, vii-viii, 1894-1895.
Bulletin, nos. 27-31, 1894-189".
New Hainpsliire.
Hanover.
Agricultural Experiment Station.
Bulletin, nos. 34-42, 1896-1897. [Com-
plete.]
ACCESSIONS TO LIP.RARY.
1G5
Xew Jersey.
Camden.
Tile Forestehs, hi, jit. 5, 1897. [ii,
pt. 2, 1890.]
yew Jlninsicick.
ackiciltural college, expeuiment
•Station.
Bulletin, nos. 105-116, 1894-1895. [2.5,
■11,98-104]
Frinci'ioti.
PiuxcETON University.
Bulletin, III, pts. 2-4, ix pt. 2, 1891-
1897. [Complete.]
Xew Mexifo.
Las Cruces.
College of Agriculture and Me-
chanic Arts.
Bulletin, nos. 19-20, 1896. [Com-
plete.]
Xew York.
Jlbio)i.
The MusEu^r, ii, pts. 11-12, 1896; iii,
pts. 1-8, 1897. [Complete.]
Brooklyn.
Brooklyn Library and Reading
Room.
Annual rejiort, xxxix.
Bulletin, 35, 1896. [33.]
Ithaca.
Cornell Univer.sity, Agricultural
Experiment Station.
Bulletin, nos. 114-134, 1896-1897. [9,
74-113.]
Library Bulletin, iii, pt. 11, 1894.
[Ill, pts. 1-10.]
New York.
Academy of Sciences.
Annals, IX, pts. 1-5, 1.896-1897. [i;
II, pts. 5-6, 9-11; III; iv, pts. 1-4,
8-12; v-viii.]
Transactions, xv, 1895-1896. [i, pts.
1-8; iii-iv; V, pts. 1-8; vi-x; xi,
pts. 3-5; xii-xiv.]
American Agriculturist, lviii, pts.
1-6, 8-26; Lix, pts. 1-11, 1897.
[iv-v ; xi-XLiii ; XLix, pt. 4 ; l, pt.
2; Liv, pt. 2, 5-18; LV; lvi, pts.
1-3, 5-26; LVii.]
American Museum of Natural His-
tory.
Annual report, xx viii, 1896. [i. iii-x,
XIII, XV-XXVII.]
Bulletin, viii, 1896. [Complete.]
Table of neograpliieal dLstributiou
of American Indian relics in the
American Museum of Natural His-
ycw York — ^Continued.
American Museum of Natural His-
tory — Continued,
tory. E. A. Douj^lass. New York,
1896. 8vo, 22 pp.
American Society of Civil Engi-
neers.
Proceedings, xxii, pt. 6, 9-10, 1896;
xxiii, pts. 2-3, 1897. [XXI, pts.
1-11 ; XXII, pts. 1-5.]
Appleton's Popular Science
Monthly, xlix, pts. 4-6, 1896; l,
1896-1897; Li, pts. 1-3, 1897. [l,
pts. 1-3; iii-vii; viii, pts. 43-45,
47-48; IX, pts. 49-53; x, pts. 56-60;
xi-xii; XIII, pts. 73-75, 77-78;
xiv-xxi; XXIII, pts. 4-5; xxiv;
XXV, pts. 1-3, 5-6; xxvi; xxx;
XXXI, pts. 1, 3-6; xxxii, pts.' 1-5;
xxxiii, pts. 1-3, 5-6 ; xxxiv-xxxv ;
XXXVI, pts. 1, 3-6; xxxvii;
xxx VIII, pts. 1, 3-6 ; xxxix-xlviii ;
XLIX, pts. 1-3.]
DiPLOJiATic and Consular Review,
I, pt. 23, 1896; ii, pts. 9, 11-14,
1896; III, pt. 1, 1897. [i, pts. 4-8,
10-11, 17.19,22.]
Entomological Society of New
York.
Journal, iv, pts. 3-4, 1896; v, pt. 1,
1897. [Complete.]
Ephemeris of Materia Me dig a.
Pharmacy, Therapeutics and
Collateral Information, iv, pt.
5,1897. [IV, pts. 2, 4.]
Free Circulating Library.
Monthly bulletin, ii, pt. 4, 1897.
Metroi'Olitan Museum of Art.
Annual report, 1897.
Mineral Collector, hi, pts. 9-12,
1896-1897 ; iv, pts. 1-4, 1897. [i ; ii,
pts. 8, 10, 12; III, pts. 1-2, 5-8.]
Notes on Books, viii, pts. 165-166, 1896.
[149-151, 153-164.]
Public Library.
Bulletin, i, 1897.
Torrey Botanical Club.
Bulletin, xxiii, pts. 6-12, 1896; xxiv,
pts. 1-5, 1897. [i-vii, xiv-xxii.]
State University, College of the
City of New York.
Annual register, xlviii, 1895-1896.
State Museum, report, xlviii, 1S94.
Zoological Society of New York.
Annual report, i, 1897.
166
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897
Eocheater.
Academy of Sciences.
Proceedings, iii, pt. 1, 1896. [Com-
plete.]
Geological Society ok America.
Biilletiu, viii, pp. 17-314, 1896-1897.
[Coluplet(^.]
Reynold's Library.
Annual report, xi, 1896.
Utica.
Oneida Historical Society.
Transactions, no. 5, 1889-1892.
Xorth Carolina.
Bilimore.
BiLTMORE Herbarium.
Announcement, n. p., n. d. 8vo, 29
pp.
Chapel Hill.
Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society.
Journal, xiii, pt. 1, 1896. [ii-xii.]
Ealeif/h.
Agricultural Experiment Station.
Annual report, xviii, 1895. [viii-ix,
XI-XVII.]
Bulletin, nos. 111-123, 1895.
Special bulletin 33, 1895. [31-32.]
Meteorological Division, nintli an-
nual report, 1895.
North Dakota.
Fargo.
Agricultural Experiment Station.
Bulletin, nos. 23-27, 1896-1897.
[15-22.]
Ohio.
Cincinnati.
Historical and Philosophical So-
ciety.
Annual report, 1895 and 1896.
Museum Association of Cincinnati.
Annual report, xv, 1895. [Com-
jilete.]
Catalogue of the Spring Exhibition,
1896.
Society of Natural History.
.Journal xix, pts. 1-2, 1896-1897.
[Complete.]
Society of Western Artists.
Catalogue of first annual exhibition.
Cincinnati, 1897. 8vo, 24 pp.
Clet^eland.
Western Reserve University.
The negro in Ohio, 1802-1870. C.
Thos. llickok. Cleveland, ISlMi.
8vo, 182 pp.
Columius.
The Antiquarian, i, pts. 1-.5, 1897.
(>he7-lhi.
Oberlin College.
Botanical laboratory bulletin, nos.
3-6, 1897.
Agassiz Association, Wilson Orni-
thological Chapter.
Bulletin, nos. 9-11,1896; 12-14, 1897.
[4-8.]
Wilson Quarterly, iv, pts. 1-2, 1892.
Wooster.
Agricultural Experiment Station.
Annual report, xiv, 1895.
Bulletin, nos. 62-79, 1895-1897.
[53-61.]
Oregon.
Corvallis.
Agricultural Experiment Station.
Bulletin, nos. 43-44, 1897. [2-42.]
Portland.
Oregon Naturalist, hi, pts. 6-12,
1896 ; IV, pts. 1^, 1897. [i, pts. 1-2,
12; II ; III, pts. 1-5.]
PennsylTania.
Meadville.
The Chautauquan, xxiii, pt. 4, 1896;
XXIV, 1896-1897. [x-xxii; xxiii,
pts. 1-3.]
Philadelphia.
Entomological News, vii, pts. 7-10,
1896; VIII, pts. 1-9, 1896. [Com-
plete.]
Indian Rights Association.
Annual report, xiv, 1896. [xiii.]
The Searcher, (u. s.) i, pt. 20, 1896.
[I, pts. 4, 13.]
Pittsburg.
Carnegie Art Galleries.
Catalogue first annual exhibition,
November 5, 1896, to January 1,
1897. Pittsbnrg, 1897. 16mo.
Scranto7i.
Lackawanna Institute of History
AND Science.
Historical series, nos. 2-4.
State College.
Department of Agriculture Experi-
ment Station.
Bulletins, 7, 16, 1896. [4.]
Rhode Island.
Xewjwrt.
Redwood Library and Athenaeum.
Annual rei)ort, 1896.
ACCESSIONS TO LIBRARY.
167
Providence.
Agkicultural Experiment Statiox.
Annual report, vii, 1894; \ui, 1895.
[Complete.]
Bulletin, nos. 33-34, 38-42, 1895-1896.
[1-28.]
Browx University.
Catalogue. 1896-1897. [1889-1895.]
South ('aroliiia.
Charleston.
Clemson Agricultural College
Experiment Station.
Bulletin, nos. 24-25, 1896. [12, 14-23.]
South Dakota.
BrookiiKjs.
Agricultural College Experiment
Station.
Annual report, ix, 1896.
Bullotiu, nos. 46-50, 1896-1897. [1-4,
9-11, 14, 18, 20-24, 26, 32-45.]
Tennessee.
Knojville.
State University Agricultural
Experiment Station.
Bulletin, ix, pt. 2, 1896. [i, pts. 1-3 ;
II, pts. 1-4; III, pts. 1-6; iv, pts. 3-5;
v-vi.]
Utali.
Logan.
Agricultural College Experiment
Station.
Bulletin, nos. 44-49, 1896-1897. [1-40,
43.]
Vermont.
Burlitif/ton.
State University, Agricttltural
College.
Catalogue, 1895-1896, 1896-1897.
[1885-1895.].
Ei(tland.
State Dei'artment of Fisheries
AND Game.
Biennial report, xiii, 1896.
Virginia.
CharloftesriUe.
Agricultural and M?;ciianical
College.
Bulletin, iv, pts. 3-12, 1896; v, ])t8.
2-3, 1896. [2-11; n. s. i-iii; iv,
pts. 1-2.]
Wisconsin.
Madison.
State Dairy and Food Commls-
SIONER.
Annual report, i, 1890.
Madison — Continued.
State University.
Bulletin, Engineering series, i, pts. 3,
6-10, 1895; ii, pt. 1, 1896. [Com-
plete.]
Bulletin, Science series, i, pts. 3-5,
1895. [Complete.]
Washburn University.
Publications, x, pt. 1, 1896. [Com-
plete.]
Milwaukee.
Public Museum.
Annual report, xiv, 1896. [i, iji-x,
XII-XIII.]
Wyoniinar.
Lai-amie.
State University.
Catalogue, 1896-1897. [1892-1896.]
School of Mines.
Bulletin, Petroleum, series no. 1,
1896.
West Indies.
Kinyslon.
Institute of Jamaica.
.Journal, ii, pt. 2, 1894. [Complete.]
Fort of Spain.
Trinidad Field Naturalists' Club.
Journal, ii, pts. 10-11, 1895. [Com-
plete.]
SOUTH AMERICA.
Argentine Republic.
La Plata.
Facultad de Agronomi'a y Veteki-
NARIA.
Revista, ii, pts. 17-20, 1896. [i, pts.
.5-7, 9, 12, II, pts. 13-16.]
ContriVmciou al estudio de la flora de
Sierra de hi Ventana. Carlos Spe-
gazzini. La Plata, 1896. 4to, 87 pp.
MusEo DE La Plata.
Anales, 1, 1891; li, 1893; iii, 1894.
Memoria, 1894-1895.
Revista, v-vii, 1894-1896. [Com-
plete.]
Brazil.
Paia.
MusEU Paraense.
Boletim, i, pts. 1-4, 1894-1896.
Instituto Historico e Geographico.
Revista trimensal, LViii, pts. 1-2,
1895-1896.
CMli.
Santiago.
Deutschk Wissenschaftliche Ve-
REIN VEiniANDLtTNGEX, III, pts. 3-4,
1896.
168
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Santiago — Continued.
IXSXn TTO DK HiJIKNE DE SANTIAGO.
Revista Chilenii de Hijiene, ii, pt.
7-9, 1896. [Complete.]
MusEO Nacional de Chili.
Auales, nos. 1-13, 1892-1896.
Soci1?;ti^: Sciextifique de Chili
ACTES, V, pts. 1-5, 1895; vi, pt. 1,
1896. [Complete.]
Peru.
Lima.
Sociedad Geografica,
Boletin, V, pts. 7-12, 1895 ; vi, pts. 1-3,
1896.
TIniguay.
Moritevidco.
MUSEO NaCIOXAL DE MOXTEVIDIO.
Anales, v, 1896; vii, 1896. [Com-
plete].
Venezuela.
Caracas.
Clixica DE LOS NiSas Pobres, IX pts.
90-97, 1896-1897. [ v, pts. 49-54, 58 ;
VI, pts. 64-69 ; vii, viii.]
ASIA.
India.
Calcutta.
IxDiAN Museum.
The Agricultural Ledger, no8. 1^1,
1897.
Catalogue of the coins of the
Indian Museum. [Pt. 3.] Ancient
coins of India, mediieval coins of
India, miscellaneous North-Indian
coins, and miscellaneous South-
Indian coins. J. C. Rogers. Cal-
cutta, 1895. 8vo, 152 pp. [Pt.4.]
Graeco-I5actrian and Indo-Scythian,
Greek Seleukid, Parthian, Roman,
Sassaniau, miscellaneous Miiham-
madan, Ghaznih, Durrani and
autonomous, modern Asiatic,
Euro])ean and American coins. C
.1. Rodgers. Calcutta, 1896. 8vo,
28S pp.
Royal Hotanic Garden.
Annals, v, pt. 2, 1896; vi, pt. 1, 1895;
vii, 1896.
Madras.
Government Museum.
Bulletin, i, pts. 3-4. 1895-1896; ii, pt.
1, 1897. [Complete.]
Japan.
Tol-yo.
Anthropological Society.
Journal, xi, pts. 121, 123-126, 1896;
XII, pts. 127-134, 1896-1897. [ix, pt.
102; x; xi, pts. 115-122.]
Department of Education.
Annual report, xxii, 1896.
Imperial T^niversity and College
of Science, x, pt. 1, 1896.
Korea.
Seoul.
Korean Repository, hi, pts. 5-12,
1896; IV, pt. 1, 1897. [ii, pts. 3-12 ;
III, pts. 1-4.]
ETIROPE.
Austria-Hungary.
BudajJest.
Magyar Memzeti Museum.
Tormoszctrajzi Fiizetek, xix, pts.
3-4, 1896.
Macyar Orxitiiologicai Kozpont,
Aquila, iii, pts. 3-4, 1896. [Com-
plete.]
Hallein.
Ornitiiologisches Jahrbuch, I, pts.
1-3, 5, 1890 ; v, pt. 3, 1894 ; vii, pt. 6,
1896; VIII, pts. 1-3, 1897. [Com-
plete.]
Unz.
Museum Francisco-Carolinuji.
Bericht 54, 1896. [3-9, 11-16, 18-31,
33-52, 1839-1894.]
Frag.
Konigl. Bohmische Gesellschaft
der Wissensciiaften.
Jahresbericht, 1895. [1894.]
Sitzuugsherichte, classe fiir Philo-
sophie, Geschichte u. Philologie,
1895. [1894.]
Verein fur Geschichte der
Deutschen in Buhmen.
Mittheilungen, xxxiv, pts. 1^, 1895-
1896. [XXXIII, 1894-5.]
Vienna.
KaIS.-K()N, Geologische Reich-
sanstalt.
Ahhandhmgen, xviii, pt. 1, 1895.
Jahrbuch, XLV, pts. 2-4, 189(5; XLVi,
pt. 1-2, 1896. [xxxi-xxxix, xli-
XLIV, XLV, pt. 1.]
Verhandlungcii, 6-18, 1896; 1-5, 1897.
[10, 1878; 1881-1895; 1896, pts. 1-5.]
ACCESSIONS TO LIBRARY.
169
Vienna — Continued.
K. K. Naturhistorische Hofmuseum.
Annalen, x, pts. 2-4, 1895 ; xi, pts.
1-2, 1896. [Complete.]
Vienna Universitat.
Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines,
mittheihingen, 1896.
Belgium.
Jnvers.
yociETE Roy ALE de Gkographie.
Bulletin, xxi, pt. 1, 1897. [xix, pts.
2,5; XX.]
liriuelles.
Bihliographie de Belgique, Jour-
nal Officiel de la Liurairie,
xxi-xxii, 1895-1896. [xx, 1894.]
Commissions Royales d'Art et
d'Arciieologie.
Bulletin, xxxiv, pts. 9-12, 1895.
[XXVII-XXXI, XXXIV, pts. 1-4.]
Mus1^:e Royal d'Histoire Xaturelle.
Annales, xi, pts. 2-3, 1896.
Denmark.
Cojyenhagcn.
Danish Biological Station.
Report, VI, 1895. [iii-v.]
France.
Bordeaux.
SOCIETfc SiXNEENNE.
Artes, XL VIII, 1895.
Caen.
SOCIEIE LiNNEENNE DE NORMANDIE.
Bulletin (4) x, pts. 1-2, 1896.
Chdteaudun.
SOCIETE DUNOISE ARCH^OLOGIE, HiS-
ToiRE, Sciences et Arts.
Bulletin xi, pt. in, 1897. [lO-i, 1895.]
Lyon.
Museum d'Histoire Naturelle.
Archives, i-v, 1872-1892.
Marseille.
Faculte des Sciences.
Annales, vii, 1896.
Jilouliiis.
REVt:E Sciextifique du Bourbon-
NAis ET DU Centre de la France,
IX, pts. 101-108, 1896; x, pts. 109-
113, 1897. [VIII, pt. 89, 1895 ; ix, pt.
98-100, 1896.]
Nantes.
SociETE DES Sciences Naturelles
DE l'Ouest de la France.
Bulletin, v, 1895.
Paris.
Bulletin Scientifique de la France
ET DE LA Belgique. xxvi, 1894.
CoNGRi:s Geologique Internation-
al.
Catalogue des bibliographies gi^olo-
giques. R^digo axec le concours
des membres de la commission bi-
bliographi(pie du Congres. Emm.
de Margerie. Paris, 1896. 8vo,
733 pp.
CONGRii;s International de Zoolo-
gie.
Program, 1898. [1896.] 4 pp.
Journal des Savants.
March-October, 1896. [May-Dec,
1894; 1895; Jan.-Feb., 1896.]
MiNISTERE DE l'INSTRUCTION PU-
BLIQUE.
Annuaire des Bibliotheques et des
Archives, xi, 1896. [x, 1895.]
Bulletin administratif an ministere
de rinstructiou publique, Lix, pts.
1185-1219, 1895-1896. [liii, pts.
1041-1064 ; Liv, pts. 1065-1091 ; lv,
pts. 1104-1116; Lvi, LVii, Lviii.]
MusicE Social.
Circular. Set. A. 8-11,1896. [Com-
plete.]
Circular. Ser. B. 8, 1896.
Museum d'Histoire Naturelle.
Bulletin, 4-8, 1896. [1-3, 6-8, 1895;
1-3, 1896.]
Nouvelles Archives, (3) viii, pts. 1-2,
1896. [(2) IV ; (8) ii, pts. 2-6; (3)
VI, pts. 1-2; (3) VII.]
Revue Internationale des Archives
DES BlBLIOTHi:QUES ET DES Mu-
sees, I, pts. 5-7, 1896. [Complete.]
SociETE Centrale d'Agriculture
et de Peciie.
Bulletin, vii, pts. 9-11, 1895.
SociETE Entomologique de France.
Annales, lxiv, 1895. [lvii-lxiii.]
SOCII^TE ZOOLOGKJUE DE FRANCE.
Bulletin, xxi, 1896. [Complete.]
M6moire8, viii. [Complete.]
Germany.
Auffshurg.
SCHWABEN UND NeUBURG NaTURWIS-
senschaftlicher Vekein.
Bericht, xxxii, 1896.
170
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Btrlin.
Deutscher Seefischervekein.
Mittbeilungeii, xii, pts. 10-11, 1896;
xm pts. 1-9, 1896. [i-xi, xii, pts.
1-6.]
Gesei.lschaft fur Erdkunde.
Verliandlungen, xxii, pts. 1-7, 1895;
xxiii, pts. 4-10, 1896; xxiv, pts.
1-3, 1897. [XXII, pts. 8-10; xiii,
pts. 1-3.]
Zeitschrift, xxx, pts. 1-5, 1895; xxxi,
pts. 2-6, 189&-7. xxxii, pt. 1, 1897.
[xxx. pt. 6; XXXI pt. 1.]
Gesellschaft naturforschender
Freunde.
Sitzungsberichte, 1895. [1882-1894.]
Kgl. Museum fur Volkerkunde.
Japaiiisclies aiis Java. Albert Grllm-
vedel. [Berlin, 1894.] fol. 11pp.
NaturiB Novitates, pts. 5-24, 1896. [1,
5-18,1879,1881-1886; 1-2,4-17,20-
25,1887; 1-6, 8-15, 18-20, 25, 1888;
1889-1895; pts. 1-4, 1896.] •
Bonn.
Der Bibelforsciikr, pts. 1-2, 1896.
Naturhistorischer V ere in der
preussischen Riieinlande, West-
FALENS UND DES ReG.-BeZIRKS
OSNABRUCK, LII, pt. 2, 1895; LIII, pt.
1, 1896.
Niederrheinische Gesellschapt
FUR NaTUR- UND HEILKUNDE.
Sitzungsbericbte, 1895-1896.
Braunschweig.
Museum Homeyerianum.
Verzeicbniss der ornitbologiscben
Sammlungen. E. F. vou Homeyer.
Braunschweig, 1893. 8 vo, 35 pp.
Bremen.
NATURWISSENSCHAFTLICnER VeREIN,
XIV, pt. 2, 1897. [XIII, pt. 3, XIV pt.
1.]
Briinn.
Naturforschender Yerein.
Verhandlungeu, xxxiv, 1895.
[xxxii-xxxiii.]
Naturforschender Verkin. Metko-
rologische commission.
Bericht, xiv, 1894. [xii-xiii.J
Di-esden.
Naturwissenschaftoche G k s e l I, -
SCHAFT ISIS.
Sitzungsbericbte TindAbbandlungen,
1896. [1882-1884; 1886; .Tan.-.Iiily,
1887. July-Dec, 1892; 1893-1895.]
Dresden — Continued.
Sachsischer Fisciierei-Verein.
Schriften, no. 22.
Sachsische Geschichte uni> Alter-
tumskunde.
Neues Arcbiv, xvii, 1896.
JSrfurt.
KONIGLICIIEN AkADEMIE GeMEINNUT-
ziGAii Wissenschaftex.
Jabrbiicber (n. s.) pt. 22, 1896; pt. 23,
1897. [(n.8.)pt.l9,pt.21.]
Frankfurt.
Naturwissenschaftlicher Yerein.
Helios, XIII, pts. 7-12, 1895-1896.
[ix-xii; XIII, pts. 1-6.]
Socictatuni Litterie, ix, pts. 10-12,
1895; X, pts. 1-6, 1896. [viii, ix,
pts. 1-9.]
Freihurg.
Naturforschende Gesellschaft.
Bericbte, i, 1886 ; ii, pts. 1-4, 1886-
1887 ; III, pts. 1-2, 1888 ; iv, pts. 1-5,
1888-1889; v, pts. 1-2, 1890-1891;
VI, pts. 1-4, 1891-1892; vii, pts. 1-2,
1893; VIII, 1894.
Jena.
Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Natur-
WISSENSOHAFT, (n. s.) I, 1874; II,
pts. 2-i, 1875; iii-xxii, 1876-1894.
Kiel.
KOMMISSION ZUR WlSSENSCHAFT-
LICHEN UNTERSUCHUNG DES
DEUTSCHEN MeERS UND BlOLO-
GisciiE Anstalt auf Helgo-
land.
Wisseiiscbaftlicbe Meeresuntersu-
cbnugen, (n) ii, pts. 1-2, 1896-1897.
[Complete.]
Leijisic.
Deutsche Zoologische Gesell-
schaft.
I. ilber das system und die geograpbi-
scbeverbreitungderLiudplunarien.
II. ijber die luorpbologie des ge-
scblecbtsapparates der baudplana-
rien. L. von Graff. Leipsic, 1896.
8vo, p. 61-93. [Yerhandl. Deut.
Zool. Ges., 1896.]
Yerein fur Erdkunde.
Mitteilnngeu, 1896. [1881-1885, 1891-
1894.]
Wisseuscbaftlicbe Yeroffentlicbun-
gou des Yereins fiir Erdkunde, iii.
pt. 1, 1896. [II.]
ACCESSIONS TO LIBRARY.
171
Leipnic — Continued.
Naturwissexschaftliciier V ere in
FUR Sachsex uxi) TiiOrincjen.
Zeitsclirift, LXix, pts. 3-6, 1896-1897.
[XLViii, pts. 1-2 ; i.xix, pts. 1-2.]
Magdeburg.
Naturwissenschaftliciier Verein.
Jahresbericlit und Abhandluuujen, ii,
1894.
Iiegenshiirg.
Kgl. Botanische Gesellsciiaft.
Katalogue der Bibliotlielv. ]'t. 2.
Eegensburg, 1897. 8vo, 40 pp.
Stettin.
Gesellschaft flir Pommersche Ge-
SCHICHTE UND AlTERTHUMSKUNDE.
Baltische Studien, xlv, 1895; xlvi,
1896.
Stettiner Extomologische Zeitcng,
LVII, 1896. [LI-LIV.]
Wiesbaden.
N.VSSAUISCHER Verein fC'r Natur-
KUXDE.
Jahrbiicber, xlix, 1896. [xlv-xlix.]
Great Biitain and Ireland.
Museums Association.
Rt'ijort of proceedings, 1890-1896.
Cambi'idfje.
Woodwardian Museum.
Annual rejiort xiii, 1895.
Cardiff.
>fATUR A lists' Society.
Report and transaction, xxvii, pt. 2,
1895, xxviii, pts. 1-2, 1896-1897.
[l-IV, ^'I-XXVI.]
Edinburgh.
Annals of Scottish Natural His-
tory, V, pts. 19-20, 1896. [Com-
plete.]
Museum of Science and Art.
List of additions to the art and in-
dustrial divisions during the year
1896. Edinburgh, 1897. 8vo, 65 pp.
List of books, etc., relating to Itotany
and forestry including the C'leghon
Memorial Library in the library of
the Museum. Edinburgh, 1897.
8v, 199 pp.
Royal Physical Society.
Proceedings, xiii, 1895-1896. [i, ix-
xn.]
Fulmoiiih.
Royal Polytechnic Society.
Annual report, 1895.
Glasgoiv.
Philosophical Society.
Proceedings, xxvii, 1895-1896. [n. s.
Ill, pts. 2-3, xxv-xx\'i.]
Guernsey.
Society of Natural Science.
Report and transaction, 1890. [1882-
1889, 1891-1895.]
Leeds.
Philosophical and IjITErary Soci-
ety.
Annual report, 1895-1896. [1874-
1877, 1881-1882, 1885-1886, 1889-
1893.]
London.
Anthropological Institute of
Great Britain and Ireland.
Journal, xxvi, pts. 2-4, 1897. [xiii,
pt. 4; xiv-xx; xxi, i)ts. 2-4 ; xxii-
XXV ; XXVI, pt. I.]
List of fellows, 1897.
Bristol Museum.
Guide to the Bristol Museum. Ed-
ward Wilson. Bristol, 1896. 12mo,
30 pp.
British Association.
Circular on zoological bibliography
and piiblications. London, 1896.
8vo, 3 pp.
British ]\Iuseum.
Catalogue of the birds in the British
Museum, XXIV. [i-xix; xx-xxiii;
XXV ; XXVII.]
Catalogue oftheconchifera or bivalve
shells in the collection of the Brit-
ish Museum. M. Deshayes. Pt. 2.
Petricoladio (concluded) Corbicu-
ladae. Loudon, 1854. 12mo, p. 217-
292.
Catalogue of iish collected and de-
scribed by Lawrence Theodore
Gronow, now in British Museum.
London, 1854. 12mo, 196 pp.
Catalogue of the fossil bryozoa in
the department of geology. J. W.
Gregory. London, 1896. 8 vo, 239 pp.
Catalogue of the madreporarian cor-
als in the British Museum. i,
Genus Madrepora. 1893. G. Brook.
II, Genera Turbinaria and Astrdo-
pora. H. M. Bernard. London,
1896, fol.
Catalogue of the mollusca in the col-
lection of the British Museum, Pt.
4, Brachiopoda ancylopodaor lamp
shells. London, 1853, 12m o, 128 pp.
172
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSf:UM, 1897.
London — Continued.
Hkitism Museum — Continued.
Catalogue of ruminant mammalia.
{I'ecora, Linnanis) in the British
Museum. John Edward Gray.
London, 1872. 8vo, 102 pp.
Catalogue of shield reptiles in the
collection of the British Museum.
Pt. 2. EmydosauriauR, Rhyncho-
cephalio, and Amphisbnenians. J.
E. Gray. Loudon, 1872. 4to, 41
pp.
Catalogue of snakes, v. 3. G. Albert
Boulenger. London, 1896. 8vo,
727 pp.
Catalogue of the specimens and
drawings of mammals, birds, rep-
tiles and fishes of Nepal and Tibet
presented by B. H. Hodgson to the
British Museum. London, 1863.
12mo, 90 pp.
General guide to the British Museum
(Natural History) Cromwell Road,
London, S. W. Lundon, 1896. 8vo,
78 pp.
Guide to the British Mycetozoa ex-
hibited in the department of bot-
any. London, 1895. 8vo, 42 pp.
Guide to the fossil mammals and
birds in the department of geology
and paLportology in the British
Museum (Natural History). Ed
7. London, 1896. 8vo, 103 pp.
Guide to the fossil reptiles and fishes
in the department of geology and
jjala-outology. London, 1896. 8vo,
129 pp.
Guide to the galleries of mammalia
(mammalian, osteological, ceta-
cean) in the department of zoology.
London, 1894. 8vo, 126 pp.
Guide to the galleries of reptiles and
fishes in the department of zool-
ogy. London, 1893. 8vo, 119 pp.
Guide to the mineral gallery. Lon-
don, 1896. 8vo, 31 pp.
Guide to the Sowerby's models of
British fungi in the department of
botany. London, 1893. 8vo, 80
pp.
Introduction to the study of meteor-
ites. London, 1896. 8vo, 97 i^p.
Introduction to the study of minerals.
London, 1895. 8vo, 123 pp.
Introduction to the study of rocks.
London, 1896. 8vo, 118 pp.
London — Continued.
BuiTiSH Museum — Continued.
List of casts of fossils reproduced
chiefly from specimens in the de-
partment of geology. Ed. 4. Lon-
don, 1892. 8vo, 39 pp.
List of Hymenoptera, with descrip-
tions of figures of the typical speci-
mens in the British Museum, i,
Tentliredinida> and Siricidi\3. W.
V. Kirby. London, 1882. 8to, 16
pi. 450 pp.
List of the shells of the Canaries in
the collection of the British Mu-
seum. Collected by Mm. AVebb
and Berthelot. Described and
figured by Alcide d'Orbiguy in the
"Histoire Naturelle des lies Cana-
ries." London, 1854. 12mo, 32 pp.
List of specimens of British animals
in the collection of the British Mu-
soiun. Pt. 5, Lepidoptera. James
Francis Stephens. Pt. 12, Lejti-
doptera. .James Francis Stephens.
Pt. 16, Lepidoptera [com])leted].
James Francis Stephens.
Students' index to the c<dlection of
minerals. London^ 1895. 8vo, 33
pp.
Geological Society.
Geological literature added to the
Geological Society's library during
the year 1896. London, 1897. 8vo,
207 pp.
Quarterly Journal, Lii, pt. 4, 1896;
Llll, pts. 1-2, 1897. General index
to first fifty volumes, [i, pts. 1,
3-4; II, pts. 6-8; in, pts. 10-12;
iv-Li ; LII, pts. 1-3.]
Hehtfordsmire Natural History
Society and Field Cluh.
Transactions, i-viii; ix, pts. 1-3,
1881-1896.
Hooker's Icones Plantarum, xxvi,
pts. 1-2. 1897. [i-ii, v-ix, XI-
XXV.]
lioRNiMAN Museum.
Annual report, v-vi, 1895-1896.
International Journal of Micros-
copy AND Natural Science, (3)
VI, pts. 31-32, 1896; (3) vii, pts.
33-34, 1897. [iv-v ; u. s. ; i, pts. 1-5 ;
III, pt. 12; IV, pt. 1; (3)I-^■; vi, pt.
29.]
ACCESSIONS TO LIBRARY.
173
London — Continued.
JviNNEAX Society.
Journal. (Jiotany), xxx, pt. 211,
1894 ; XXXI, pts. 212-217, 1895-1896.
[xiii, pts. 68-72; xviii, pts. 106-
109; xix-xxv; xxvi, pts. 173-177;
xxvii, pts. 181-188; xxviii-xxix;
xxx, pts. 205-210.]
Journal. (Zoology), xxv, pts. 161-
162, 1895. [VIII, pts. 31-32 ; xi, pts,
55-56 ; XIV, pt. 74 ; xv, pt. 84 ; xvi-
XXIV; xxv, pts. 158-161.]
List [of fellows] 1895-1896. [1881,
1883-1889, 1891-1892.]
Transactions. (Botany), (2) iv, pts.
3-4, 1895; v, pts. 1-4, 1895-1896.
[(2) II, III, IV, pts. 1-2.]
Transactions. [Zoology], vi, pts.
4-5, 1896. [(2) i-v; vi, pts. 1-3.]
Marine Biological Associatiox of
THE United Kingdom.
.lournal, iv, pts. 3-4, 1896. [Com-
plete.]
EoTAL Gaudexs of Kew.
Bulletin of miscellaneous informa-
tion, pts. 109-119, 1896. [1887-1891,
1892, pts. 61-64, 71 : 1893-1895.]
Koval Society.
Acta international, catalogue confer-
ence. Loudon, 1896. 8vo, 9 pp.
Science Gossip, (n. s.) in, pts. 26-36,
1896-1897. [n. s. I, pts. 2-5, 8-12 ; ii,
pts. 16, 19-20, 22-25.]
Zoological Society.
List of the vertel)rated animals in
the gardens of the Zoological
Society. 9th ed. London, 1896.
8vo, 724 pp.
Proceedings, pts. 2-4, 1896. [1830-
1887, 1892-1895, 1896, pt. 1.]
Transactions, xiv, pts. 2-3, 1897. [i;
X, pt. 1-2, 4-13; XIII, pts. 2, 5-10;
XIV, pt. 1.]
Manchester.
Geoguaphical Society.
Journal, XI, pts. 7-9, 1895; xii, pts.
1-6,1896. [IX, pts, 10-12; x, pts.
4-6,9-12; XI, pts. 1-6.]
Literary and Philosophical Soci-
ety.
Complete list of members and officers
from 1781-1896. Manchester, 1896.
8vo, 15 pp.
Memoirs and proceedings. XLi, pt.
3, 1896-1897.
Manchester — Continued.
Owens Collecje.
Rc])ort of Maniliester Museum, 1895^
1896. [1890-1894.]
Newcastle-on- Ti/ne.
Natural History Society of North-
umberland, Durham, and New-
castle-iton-Tyne.
Transactions, xiii, pt. 1, 1896.
Tyneside Geoguaphical Society.
Journal, iii, pts. 5-6. 1896. [Com-
plete.]
Taunton.
Somersetshire Archaeological and
Natural History Society.
Proceedings. (3) ii, 1896.
Trin;/.
Trixg Museum.
Novitates Zoologicixi, in, pts. 1-4,
1896 ; IV, pt. 1, 1897. [Complete.]
Truro.
Royal Institution of Cornwall.
Journal, xii, pt. 2, 1896. xiii, pt. 1,
1896.
Proceedings, XX.
Holland.
Haarlem.
Amsterdam Koloniaal Museum.
Bulletin, July, 1896; March, 1897.
[1892, pts. i-3; 1893, pts. 3; 1894-
1895.]
Extra bulletin, no. 3, 1896. [Com-
plete.]
Musee Teyler.
Archives, i-iii; iv, pts. 1-3; v, pts.
1-2; (2) I- V, 1867-1897.
SOCIETE HOLLANDAISE DBS SCIENCES.
Archives N^erlan daises des Sciences
Exactes et Naturelles, xxx, pts.
2-5, 1896-1897. [xxviii, pt. 5;
XXIX.]
Leiiden.
Royal Museum of Natural History.
Notes, XVII, pt. 4, 1896; xviii, pts.
1-4,1896. [x-xvi; xvii, pts. 1-3.]
SociKTE Nkerlandaise de Zoologie.
Compte-rendu des seances du troi-
sieme Congress Internationale.
Leyden, 1896. 8vo, 543 pp.
Tijdschrift, (2) v, pt. 1, 1896.
Luremhnr(j.
Institut Grand-Ducal de Luxem-
I$URG.
Publications. (Section des sciences
naturelles et mathemati<iues),
XXIV, 1896.
174
liEPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1«'J7.
Italy.
Bolofjna.
ACCADEMIA DELLK SCIENZE DELL' IsTI-
TUTO.
Memorie, (5) iv, 1894,
Rendiconto, 1894-1895.
Brescia.
Ateneo.
Commentari dcll'Ateneo, 189.3-1896.
Catania.
ACCADEMIA GlOENIA 1)1 SCIKNZE Na-
TURALI.
Atti, Lxxiii-Lxxiv, 189.5-1896.
Bullt'ttiiio delle sedute, 36-45, 1894-
1896.
Florence.
BiBLiOTECA Nazionale Centrale.
Bollettino dellt? Piiblicazioui Itali-
ane, 253-275, 1896-1897. [i, 3-51,
53-70, 72-105, 107-169, 174-175,
213, 217-218, 221-238, 240-242, 244-
252.]
Get! ova.
MUSEI DE ZOOLOGIA E AnATOMIA CoM-
PAKATA DELLA R. UnIVEKSITA.
Bollettino, 34-53, 1895-1896. [22-33.]
MusEO Civico Di Storia Naturale.
Annali, (2) xvi, 1896. [(2) i-xv.]
Societa Ligustica di Scienze Na-
TURALI E GeOGRAFICHE.
. Atti, i-iv, 1890-1893; v, pt. 4, 1894;
\i, pts. 3-4, 1895 ; vii, 1-4, 1896 and
supplement. [Complete.]
Milan.
MusEO Archeologico.
Bollettino, (2) vii-viii, 1894-1895.
[(2) 4-6.]
RivisTA DI Studi Psichici, I, pt. 12,
1895; II, pt. 6-12, 1896; iii, pts.
1-5, 1897. [Complete.]
Societa I tali an a di Scienze Natu-
RALI.
Atti, xxxvi, pts. 2-4, 1897. [ii, iv-
xxxii, xxxiii, pts. 1-2; xxxiv;
xxxv, pt. 1.]
Modena.
ReGIA ACCADEMIA Dl SCIENZE, LeT-
TERE ED Arte.
Memorie, (2) xi, 1895.
Naplet.
Regia Universita degli Studj di
Napoli.
Annuario scolastieo, 1894-1895.
Naple, 1894, 4to, 277 pp.
Paria.
Universit.\ di Pa via.
Bollettino seientifico, xviii, 1896;
XIX, pt. 1, 1897. [XA^i, XVII, pts.
2-3.]
Pisa.
SocietA Toscana di Scienze Natu-
RALI.
Atti, processi verbali. x, i)p. 121-200,
1896.
Rotnv.
ReALE ACCADEMIA DEI LlNCEI.
Atti, (5) V, 2 sem., 1896. vi, 1 sem.
pts. 1-10, 1897. [(4) vii; (5) i-iv,
V, 1 sem.]
Societa Geografica Italiana.
Bollettino, (3) ix, 1896-1897. [(3)
VIII.]
Societa Romana per gli Studi Zoo-
LOGICA.
Bollettino, v, pts. 3-6, 18t)6. [i, pts.
1-2, 6 ; II, pts. 1-3 ; iv, pts. 1-3, 5-6.]
Torino.
MUSEI DI ZOOLOGIA ED AnATOMIA
DELLA R. Universita.
Bollettino, xi, pts. 243-267, 1896; xii,
pts. 268-295, 1897. [ix-x, xi, pts.
221-242.]
Norway.
Bergen.
Bergens Museum.
An account of the Crustacea of Nor-
way. G. A. Sars. ii, pts. 3-4.
Cliristiania. 8vo. [i; ii, pts. 1-2.]
Christiania.
Norwegian North Atlantic Expe-
dition.
Pt. 23, Tunicata.
Stavaiiger.
Stavanger Museum.
Aarsberetning, 1895. [1893-1894.]
Trondhjem.
Kong. Norskk ViDENSKABEitt Sel-
SKABS.
Skrifter, 1894-1895. [1893.]
Portugal.
Coimbra.
Universidade.
Annuario, 1896-1897. [1894-1895,
1895-1896.]
Lisboa.
Academia Real das Sciencias.
.lournal des sciences matbematicas
pbysicas e naturaes, pts. 1-3, 5-27,
30-32, 34-48 ; (2) i, pts. 1, 4-7, 9-13.
ACCESSIONS TO LIBRARY.
175
Lishoa — Continued.
SOCIEDAD DE GeOGRAPHIA.
Actas das sessoes, xv, 1895. [ii ; ])t.
142, 1894.]
Bolftin, XIV, pts. 11-12, 1895 ; x v, pts.
1-6, 1896-1897. [i, pts. 1-4 ; ii, pts.
7-12; III, pts. 2, 4, 10; iv; v, pts.
1-2,4-10, 12; VI, pt. 12; vir, pt. 1;
VIII-XIV.]
Porto.
Annaes de Sciencias Naturaes, III,
pts. 3-4, 1896; iv, pts. 1-2, 1897.
[Complete.]
I, Le clialutage sur les cotes de I'orto.
II, Les zones littorules des cotes de
Porto.
III, Distribution g^ograpliiqiie des
huitres sur les cotes du Portugal.
Angusto Nobre. Coimbra, 1897.
8vo, 17 pp. <^ Compt. Reud. des
Sean., Cong. Int. des Pcches Mar.
Par., 1896.
Bassia.
Kaza7i.
Obshtciiestvo Yestestvoispytate-
LEY Pri Imp. Kazanskom
Universitetye. [Society of Natu-
ralist at the Imperial Kazan Uni-
versity.]
Trudy, xxix, 1895-1896; xxxi, 3, 1896.
M0SC02V.
Societe Impi^riale des Natural-
ISTES.
Bulletin, 1-2, 1896. [1887 pt. 4 ; 1888-
1895]
St. Petersburg.
Academie Imperials des Sciences.
Bulletin, (5) iii, pts. 2-5, 1895 ; iv, pts.
1-5, 1896. VI, pts. 1-2, 1897. [(4)
XXXVI ; (5) I, II, III, pt. 1.]
Melanges Biologiques, i-xii, 1850-
1891 ; XIII, pts. 1-3, 1892.
Mus^:e Zoologique, Annuaire, pts.
1-4,1896; pt. 1,1897.
Society Imperiale Russe de G£o-
GRAPHIE.
Izvjestija, xxxiii, pts. 1-4, 1897.
[XXXI-XXXIl]
Otchet, 1895. [1892-1894]
Zapiski, xx, pt. 1, 1896; xxix pts.
1-1,1895; XXVIII pt. 1,1895. [i-xi.]
Tikaterinbiirg.
Society Ouralienne d'Amatkurs
DES Sciences Naturelles.
Bulletin, iv, pt. 5, lii78; v, pts. 1-4,
1879-1886; vi, pts. 1-3, 1880-1882;
Yekaterinburg — Continued.
Soci^TE Oui;alienne d'Amateurs des
Sciences Natirelles — Cont'd,
VII, pts. 1-4; 1881-1884. viii. pt. 1,
1885. IX, pt. 1, 1885; x, pts. 1-4;
1887-1889 XI, pts. 1-2; 1887-88; xii,
pts. 1-2, 1889-1891; xiii, pts. 1-2,
1891.
Madrid.
sociedad espanola dk historia
Natural.
Anales,(2) iv, pts. 1-3, 189.5-1896. [(2)
III, 1894-1895.]
Sweden.
Lund.
Universitates Lundensis.
Aar-Skrift Acta, xxxii, 1896. [xxvi-
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Stockholm.
Entomologiska Foreningen.
Entomologisk Tid8krift,xvii. [Com-
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KONGL. SVENSKA VeTENSKAP AKAD-
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KONCiL. VlTTERHETS, HiSTORIE OCH
Antiquitets Akademien.
Antiquarisk tidskrift for sverige.
xiii, pts. 2-3, 1897.
Manadsblad, xxi, 1892.
Upsala Universites Mineralogisk-
Geologiska Institution.
Meddelauden, nos. 16-21, 1895-1896.
[uos. 1-13, 1891-1894.]
Switzerland.
Basel.
Naturforschende Gesellschaft.
A^erhaudlungcu, xi, pt. 2, 1866. [vii,
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Lausanne.
SociKTE Geologique Suisse.
Couipte rendu de la quiuziems reun-
ion annuelle. Lausanne, 1897. 8vo,
76 pp.
St. Gallen.
Naturwissemschaftlicue Gesell-
SCHAFT.
Bericbt iiber die TUiltigkeit, 1894-
1895. [1890-1893.]
OCEANICA.
Australia.
arsthalasian association for the
Advancement of Science.
Report, VI, 1895. [Complete.]
17G
HEPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1«97.
Adelaide.
EoYAi- Society ok South Australia.
Journal of the Horn scientific ex-
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Winnecke together with maps and
plans ; and report of the physical
geography of Central Australia,
by R. Tate and J. A. Watt.
Adelaide, 1897. 8vo, 3 fold maps.
86 pp.
'I'riinsactions, xvi, pts. 1-3, 1892-1896.
Brisluine.
AuSTUALASIAX IkOYAL Geograi'iiicai-
Society.
Journal, vi, pts. 1-1, 1896.
Proceedings and transactions,
Queensland Branch, xi, 1895-1896.
[ix-x.]
Melhourne.
Victoria Department of Mines.
Special report, 1896.
Victohian Naturalist, xiii, pts. 10
and 12, 1897. [xiii, pt. 2, 4.]
Sydney.
Australasian Anthropological So-
ciety.
Journal, i, pts. 1-5, 1896-1897.
Australian Museum.
List of the insectivorous birds of
New South Wales. Pt. 2. Alfred
J. North. Sydney, 1897. 8vo, 4
pis., p. 19-31. <; Agricultural Ga-
zette, Jan., 1897.
Memoir, in, pt. 1, 1896. [ii. ]
Records, iii, pt. 1, 1897. [Complete.]
Report of trustees, 1895. [1894.]
Sydn cy — Continued .
New South Wales Linnean Society.
Proceedings, xx, 1895 ; xxi, pts. 1-3,
1896. [Complete.]
New South Wales Roy'al Society.
Journal and proceedings, xxix, 1895.
[XIV-XVIII.]
Hawaii.
jronolula.
Department of Foreign Affairs.
The Hawaiian islands, their re-
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and financial. Honolulu, 1896.
8vo, 95 pp.
Hawaiian Historical Society.
Catalogue of books in library. Hono-
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Java.
Batai'ia.
Natuurkundige Tijdschrift in
Nederlandsch-Indie. lv, 1896.
KoNiNK. Natuurkundige Vereenig-
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Boekwerken, ter tafel gebracht in de
vergaderingen van de directie der
Koniuklijke Natuurkundige ver-
eenigiug in Nederlandsch-Indiii,
1896.
Supplement-catalogus (188;^1893) der
Bibliotheek. Batavia, 1895. 8vo,
76 -(- 18 pp.
New Zealand.
Wellington.
New Zealand Official Year Book,
1896. [1894-1895.]
II.— i:N^DIVIDUAIiS.
Adler, Cyrus.
Arabic Bible-chrestomathy. With a
glossary. George Jacob, editor.
Berlin, 1888. 12mo, 54 pp.
Beitriige zur entzifFerung und erklii-
rung der Kappadokisclien Iviel-
schrifttafeln. Friedrich Delitzsch.
Leipzig, 1893. 8vo, 207-70 pp.
<Abhaudl. K. Siich. Ges. der Wiss.,
Philos.-Hist. classe, xiv, pt. 4.
Description of a collection of Arabic,
Coptic and Carshooni MSS. be-
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Hyvernat. New Haven, 1894. 8vo,
clxiii-clxvi pp.
Goode memorial meeting (Feb. 13,
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sketch by S. P. Langley. 8vo,
8 pp. <Science, (2) v, 1897.
Adler, Cyrus — Continued.
Handbook of the American Library
Association, Chicago, 1897. 32mo.
79 pp.
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fragmenten Dargestellt. Alfred
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Ameghino, Florentino.
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Sur revolution des dents des mam-
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<Bolctiu Acad. Nac. de Cien. de
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ACCESSIOXS TO LIBRARY.
177
AMIiHOSETTI, JUAX B.
Aiitigiiedades calchaquies. Juan B.
Aml)rosetti. Bueuos Aires, 189G.
8vo., p. 11-13. <Bueiios Aires,
Kevista Senianal June, 1896.
Per la storia dell' Argentina. Juan B.
Anibrosetti. [Illnstrated clii>ping
from '' L'ltaliauo."' Bueuos Aires.
July 1S!)6J
AriM.ETox, I) &, Co.
Ilaudbook of suniuicr resorts. New
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Arnoij), James X.
Vital record of Rehobotii, 1642-1896.
Marriages, intentions, births
deaths. James N. Arnold. Provi-
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Arthaber, Glstav von.
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kalke. Geologischer theil. Gus-
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I)as Plankton der Baffins Bay und
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bord.
Aza:mbu.ta, Graciaxo A.
Annnario do cstado do Rio Grande do
Snl. . . 1897. Porto Alegre, 1896.
16mo, 432 pp.
Bangs, Outram.
New white-footed mouse from British
Columbia. Outram Bangs. Phila.,
1897. 8vo, pp. 74-75. <Americau
Naturalist, 1897.
Preliminary description of a new vole
from Labrador. Outram Bangs.
Phila. 1896. 8vo,p.l051. < Ameri-
can Naturalist, 1896.
Preliminary description of the New-
foundland Caribou. Outram Bangs.
Boston, 1896. 8vo, 2 pp.
BAltltOZA 1)U BOCAGE, J. V.
8ur deux agames d'Augola a ecaillure
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boza. Lisbon, 1896. Svo, pp. 127-
30. <Jour. Sci. Math. Phys. e
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BEEriiEU, Charles E.
Outline of a natural classification of
theTrilobites. Charles E. Beechcr.
New Haven, 1897. 8vo, pp. 89-lOJ,
NAT MUS 97- 12
Beecher, Charles E.— Continued.
181-207. Ipl. <Amer. Jour. Sci.,
(4) m, 1897.
Bendire, Charles.
Life histories of North American birds.
Chas. Bendire. Washington, 1895.
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Special bulh-tin [No. 3].
Ben.jamix, Marcus.
Circular and daily programme of the
45th meeting of the Ajuerican Asso-
ciation for the Advancement of
Science, held August 22-29, 1896, in
Buffalo. Buffalo, 1896. 8vo,206pp.
Memorial of Alexis Caswell. Wm. Gam-
mell. Boston, 1877. 8vo, 113 pp.
<^N. E. Hist. Geneal. Register,
July, 1877.
The storj' of a picture. Ottman Lith-
ographing Co. New York, 1896.
12mo, 44 pp.
Bolton, Herbeut.
Animal life of the Lancashire coal
measure. Herbert Bolton. Man-
chester, 1895. Svo, 13 pp.
BoLTOX, H. Caerixgton.
Bad features of periodicals. H. Car-
rington Bolton. New York, 1896.
24mo, 15 pp.
Bibliographic destravaux scientifique.
Paris. V. i, pt. 1, 1895.
Cod-liver oil and chemistry. F. Peckel
Moller. London, 1896. 8vo, 508 pp.
The language used in talking to
domestic animals. H. Carriugton
Bolton. Washington, 1896. 8vo,
1-47 pp. <^ American Anthropo-
logist, 1897.
The metric system. JohnK. Rees. Ed.
New York, 1896. 8vo, 24 pp.
BOMBICCI, LuiGi.
II tirocinio sperimentale di compimento
ai corsi universitari di scienze
fisiche e naturali. Luigi Bombicci.
Bologna, 1896. 8vo, 38 pp.
BoRiMES, Hermann.
Bidrag til danske Gravenhvepses
biologi. Hermann Borries. Copen-
hagen, 1897. Svo, 163 pp.
Naoletra-ernes Lladhvepse. Hermann
Borries. [Copenhagen] 1896. 12
mo, pp. 201-283. <Entom. Med-
delelser, v, 1896.
Bourke, Mrs. J.G.
Abstracts of Omaha and Ponka myths.
Omaha songs. J. Owen Dorsey.
178
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
BoruKE, Mrs. J. G. — Continued.
8vo, pp. 204-213. <Journal of
American Folk-Lore, v. 1, 1888.
Annual report of the trustees of the
Peabo<ly Museum of American
Archiiology and Ethnology, xi,
XVI-XVII.
Apafhe ])ri8oners in Fort Marion, St.
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<^Jour. Anat. and Pbys., xxviii,
1893.
External characters and some parts of
tbe anatomy of a Beluga (l)clpbi-
napterus leucas.) .lohu Struthers.
Ediuburgh, 1895. 8vo, pp. 124-156.
<Jonr. Anat. and Pbys., xxx, 189.5.
Finger muscles in Mogaptcra longi-
mana and in other whales, John
Strutbers. Pbila,., 1885. 8vo, pp.
126-127. <Amer. Naturalist, 1885.
Form of the sternum iu the Right-
whale (Balaena mysticetus) .John
Struthers. London, 1895. 8vo, pp.
593-612. <Jour. Anat. and Pbys.,
XXIX, 1895.
Hereditary Supra-Condyloid process in
man. John Struthers. London,
1873. 8vo,pp. 1-4. <Lancet, Feb.
15, 1873.
References to papers in anatomy, hu-
man and comjiarative. Jobn
Strutbers. Edinburgh, 1889. 8vo,
39 pp.
Rudimentary hind-limb of a great fin-
whale (Balaenoptera musculus) in
comparison with those of the bump-
back whale and tbe Greenland
I'igbt-whale. .John Strutbers. Ed-
inburgh, 1893. 8vo, pp. 291-335.
<;jour. Anat. and Phys., xxvii,
1893.
Rudimentary hind limb of Megaptera
longimaua. John Strutbers.
Phila., 1885. 8vo, pp. 124-25.
<Amer. Nat., Feb., 1885.
Some points iu tbe anatomy of a great
fin-wbale (Balaenoptera luus cu-
ius). John Struthers. London,
1871. 8vo, pp. 107-125. <Journ.
Anat. and Pbys., vi, 1871.
Varieties of tbe appendix vermiformis
cfecum and ileo-colic valves in man.
John Struthers. Edinliurgb, 1893.
8vo, pp. 1-37. <Ediub. Med, Jour.
Oct. Nov. and Dec, 1893.
Thomas, Cyrus.
Stone images from mounds and ancient
graves. Cyrus Thomas, u. p.
8vo, pp. 404-410. <^Amer. Authrop.,
Dec, 1896.
True, F. W.
13tb report of tbe California State
Mining Bureau. 1896.
190
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
ViLLOT, A.
Gordiens do Sumatra. Description de
deux espoces uouvelles. A. ^'ollot,
Leiden, 1891. 4to, pp. 136-138.
<^Z()ologis(lie Ergebuisse einor
reise in Niedeiliind. Ost- Indian,
Herausgegcb. von Max Weber, ii,
1891.
Le polymorphisiue du '' Gordiua viola-
ceus." A. Villot. Paris. 8vo, pp.
650-657. <^A880c. Frangaise pour
TAvanc. des Sci. Congri-s de Bor-
deaux, 1895.
Revision des Gordiens. A. Villot. n.p.
8vo, pp. 271-318. <Aun. Sc. Nat.
Zool., 1886.
VOLKOV, Til.
Dolmens de I'ile-d'Yeu. Tli. Volkov.
n. p. 8vo, pp. 241^6. <Bull. de la
Soc. d'Anthrop. de Par., Mar., 1896.
Le traineau dans les rites funeraires
de I'Ukraine. Th.Voliiov. Paris,
1896. 8vo, 24 pp. <Revue des
Traditions Populaires.
Waggaman, Thomas E.
Catalogue of a collection of oriental
art objects. New York, 1896. 8vo,
492 pp.
Walsingham, [Thomas de Grey] and
Durraxt, J. H.
Rules for regulating nomouclature with
a view to secure a strict applica-
tion of tbe law of priority in ento-
mological work. [Thos. de Grey]
Walsingbam and J. H. Durrant.
London, 1896. 8vo, 18 pp.
Ward, Lester F.
An autobiography and some reminis-
cences of the late August Fendler.
W. M. Canby Ed. n. p. 8vo, v.
<Botan. Gaz., x, 1885.
Bulletin No. 1, U. S. Department Agri-
culture, Division Vegetable Pa-
thology. 1891.
Catalogue no. 22 Bibliotheca botanica.
U. Hoepli. Milan, 1885. 12mo,
142 pp.
Catalogue of the forest trees of the
United States which usually attain
a height of sixteen feet or more.
Geo. Vasey. Washington, 1876.
8vo, 36 pp.
Catalogue of the forest trees of North
America. C. S. Sargent. Wash-
ington, 1880. Svo, 93 pp.
Ward, Lester F. — Continued.
Classification des fruits. T. Carnel.
Paris, 1886. 8vo, 7 pp.
Contributions to the flora of Iowa,
No. 6. J. C. Arthur. Davenport,
1885. Svo, pp. 64-75. <Proc. Dav-
enp. Acad. Nat. Sci., iv.
()l)ji'cts of sex and of odor flowers.
Thos. Meehan. Phila., 1881. 8vo,
3 pp.
Preliminary experiments with fungi-
cides for stinking smut of wheat.
W.T. Swingle. Topeka, 1890. Svo,
pp. 27-50. <Exper. Sta., <Kan.
State Agric. Col., Bulletin, 12.
Proceedings of the American Forestry
Congress. Washington, 1886. Svo,
106 pp.
Sexual variation in Casteiiea anieri-
cana, Michx. I. C. Martindale.
n. p. Svo, 4 pp. <^Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci., Phila., 1880.
Schedule of North American species of
Paspalum. George Vasey. Craw-
fordsville. n. d. Svo, pp. 55-56.
<Bot. Gaz., IX, No. 4, 1884.
Some algae if Minnesota, supposed to
be poisonous. J.C.Arthur. Min-
neapolis, 1885. Svo, pp. 97-103.
<Bull. Minn. Acad. Nat. Sci., iii.
V\'^EBER, E. F.
Notes sur quelques rotateurs des envi-
rons de Geneve. E. F. Weber.
Lie'ge, 1888. Svo, pi. 26-36. pp.
1-82. ^Archives de Biologic.
Wesley, William & Son.
Nachrichten aus den Buchhandel.
Leipsic. pts. 37-93, 100-149, 1896.
<1-15, 28-43, 46-47, 50-75, 1894:
1,5-13, 15-235, 237-294, 296-302,
1895; 1-35, 1S96>
White, Charles A.
Biographical sketch of Fielding Brad-
ford Meek. Chas. A. White. IMin-
neapolis, 1896. Svo, pp. 339-50.
<Amer. Geol., xviii, 1896.
WiTCOMB, C. P.
San Francisco Midwinter Museum.
Reopening of the Midwinter Mu-
seum. San Francisco, 1896. fol. 2
pp. <^San Francisco Chronicle,
Nov. 22, 1896.
WOODWORTH, J. B.
Unconformities of Marthas Vineyard
and of Block Island. J. B. Wood-
ACCESSIONS TO LIBRARY.
191
WOODWORTH, J. B.— Continued.
worth. Rochester, 18U7. 8v(», pp.
197-212. <Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer.,
VIII.
Yates, Lorenzo (i.
Channel islands. Lorenzo G. Yates,
u. p. 8vo, 20])p.
Charm stones, the so-called "plum-
mets" or "sinkers" of California.
Lorenzo G. Yates. Santa Barbara,
1890. 8vo, 28 pp.
Yates, Lorenzo G.— Continued.
Mollusca of Santa Barbara County,
Cal., and new shells from the Santa
Barbara channel. Lorenzo G.
Yates. Santa Barbara, 1890, 8vo,
pp. 37-18. 2 pis.
ZoPKE, Hans.
Professor Franz Reuleaux, a biographi-
cal sketch. Hans Zopke. New
York, 1896. 8vo, pp. 5-11. <Cas-
sier's Magazine, 1896.
APPENDIX IV.
IUbliograpiiy of the TJ. S, National Mttseum for the Fiscal
Year Ending June 30, 1897.
PUBLICATIONS OF THE MUSEUM.'
AIVlVUAIi REPORT.
Annual Report | of the | Board of Re-
gents I of the I Smithsonian Institu-
tion, I Showing I the Operations, Ex-
penditures, and Condition ) of the In-
stitution for the I year ending June 30,
1894. I — I Report of the | U. S. Na-
tional Museum. | — | Washington: |
Goveinment Printing Ofhce. | 1896.
8vo, pp. l-xxvi, 1-1030, 57 pis., 851 figs.
Smithsonian Institution | United States
National Museum. | — \ Proceedings |
of the I United States National Mu-
seum. I — I Volume XVIII. | 1895. | —
I Published under the direction of the
PROCEEDIIVCiS.
Smithsonian Institution. | — | Wash-
ington; I Government Printing Office. |
1896.
8vo, pp. l-xiv, 1-819, pLs. l-xxxv, 47 figs.
.^PECIAIi Bri.I.ETIlV.
Smithsonian Institution. | United States
National Museum. | — | Special Bulle-
tin. I — I Oceanic Ichthyology, | A
Treatise on the Deep-sea and Pelagic
Fishes of the World, | Based chiefly
upon I the collections made by the
steamers Blake, Albatross, | and Fish
Hawk in the Northwestern Atlantic, |
with I an atlas containing4l7iignre8, |
By I George Brown Goode, Ph. D., LL.
D., I Assistant Secretary, Smithsonian
Institutioii, in charge of U. S. National
Museum, | and | Tarleton H. Bean, M.
D., M. S., I Director of the New York
Aquarium. | — | Washington: | Gov-
ernment Printing Office. | 1895.
Special Bull. No. 2, 4to, pp. i-xxxv, 1^-26*, 1-
553 ; atlas, i-xxni, l*-26*, pis. i-cxxni.
Smithsonian Institution. | United States
National Museum. | Special Bulletin. |
— I Life Histories | of | North Ameri-
can Birds, I From the Parrots to the
Grackles, | with special reference to |
their breeding habits and eggs, | By |
Charles Bendire, Captain and Brevet
Major, U. S. A. (Retired). | Honorary
Curator of the Department of Oology,
U. S. National Museum, | Member of
the American Ornithologists' Union. |
With seven lithographic jilates. | — o —
I Washington: | Government Printing
Office. I 1895.
Special Bull. No. 3, 4to, jip. i-ix, 1-518, pis.
I-VII.
RVLIiETIIV.
Smithsonian Institution. | United States
National Museum. | — | Bulletin | of
the I United States National Museum.
I No. 47. I — I The Fishes | of | North
and Middle America: | A Descriptive
Catalogue of the Species of Fish-like
Vertebrates found in the | Waters of
North America, North of the Isthmus
of Panama. | By | David Stai'r Jordan,
Ph. D., I President of the Leland Stan-
ford Junior University, | and | Barton
Warren Evermanu, Ph. D., | Ichthyol-
1 The titles of the papers from the Report and Proceedings of the National INIusenm,
which were published in separate form during the year, are given in Appendix V.
NAT MUS 97 13
193
194
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
ogist of the Ignited States Fish Com-
mission. I Part I. I Wiisbiugton: | Gov-
ernment Printing Offiie. | 1896. |
8vo, pp. i-LX, 1-1240.
Smithsonian lustitntion. | United States
National Museum. | — | Bulletin | of
the I United States National Museum.
I No. 49. I Bibliography of the Pub-
lished Writings of Philip | Lutley
Sclater, F. R. S., Secretary of the |
Zoological Society of London. | — |
Prepared under the direction of | G.
Bro-wn Goode. | — | Washington : |
Government Printing OflSce. | 1896.
8vo, pp. l-xix, 1-135.
PAPERS BY OFFICERS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM AND OTHERS, BASED UPON
MUSEUM MATERIAL.
ADLER, Cyrus. The Cotton Grotto—
an ancient quarry in Jerusalem, with
notes on ancient methods of quarrying.
Semitic Studies in memory of Reverend
Boclor Alexander Kohut, Berlin, 1897,
pp. 73-82.
An accoiintof the qnarry, in which reference
is made to some objects discovered there by
the writer in 1891. These objects are now in
the National Museum.
ALLEN, Harrison. Notes on the vam-
pire bat {DiphyUa ecaudata), with
special reference to its relationships
with Desmodus riifus.
Proc. U. S. Xat. Mvs., xviii, No. 1099, Oct.
26, 1890, pp. 769-777, flgs. 1-6.
Description of a new species of bat
of the genus (ilossophmja.
rroc. r. S. Nat. 2hii<., xvili, No. 1100, Oct.
26, 1896, pp. 779-781.
AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS'
UNION. Eighth .supplement to the
American Ornithologists' Union check-
list of North American birds.
Auk, XIV, No. l,.Jan., 1897, pp. 117-135.
This supplement was prepared by the com-
mittee on claasitieation and nomenclature.
Twenty-four additional species and sub-
species are admitted to the check-list, and the
nomenclature of forty-one species and genera
is more or less altered. Six forms described
during the two preceding years are not con-
sidered worthy of recognition, and action on
other cases is deferred from lack of material or
information.
ANTHONY, A. W. Eggs of the Black,
Socorro and Least Petrels.
Xidoloflist, IV, No. 2, Oct., 1896, pp. 16-17.
New birds from the islands and pen-
insula of Lower California.
Auk, XIV, No. 2, Aj.r., 1897, pp. 164-168.
The species and 8ubsj)ecies described as new
are Garpodacus mcgregori, Thryothorus cer-
roenis, and Harporhynchus lecontei arenicola.
ASHMEAD, William H. A new para-
sitic bee.
Unt. Xews, vil, Sept., 1896, p. 218.
Describes Stelii sezmaculatun, u. sp., from
California.
ASHMEAD, William H.— Continued.
On the genera of the Eupelmina>.
I'roc. Ent. Soc. Wash., iv, Oct. 30, 1896, pp.
4-20.
The author gives a revised table of all known
genera in this group, and describes nine new
genera and sixteen new species. In all, twenty-
eight genera are tabulated.
Rhopalo8omida», anew family of fos-
sorial wasps.
Proc. Ent. Soc. Waih., in, Oct., 1896, pp.
303-309.
This family is baaed upon the rare Iihopa-
losoma poeyi Cresson, originally described
from Cubii, and placed by Cresson in the fam-
ily BraconidiB and by We.stwood in the family
Vespida>. Mr. Ashmead reports it now for the
first time from the United States, gives a full
bibliography, quotations from various authors
as to its affinities, and his reasons for differing
from other authorities and for considering it
the type of a distinct family.
Descriptions of new eynipidous galls
and gallwasps in the United States
National Museum.
Proc. U. S. Xat. Mus., xix. No. 1102, Dec.
30, 1896, pp. 113-136.
One new genus and forty-three new species
of North American Cynipid.B are described.
A now Hemiteles.
Ent. News, Vll, Dec, 1896, p. 320.
Describes Hemiteles davidsonii, n. sp.
The phylogeny of the Hynienoptera.
Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., in, 1890. pp. 323-336.
In this paper Mr. Ashmead discusses quite
extensively the origin and developuieiit of the
Hynienoptera. gives diagrams sliowing the
origin and affinities of the different families,
and proposes a new classification of these
insects.
— Xitelopierits, anew Larrid genus.
Ent. Neivs, vil, Jan., 1897, pp. 22-23.
Describes Nitelopten(s slossome (new genus
and species).
— Descriptions of some new genera and
species of Canadian Proctotrypidte.
Can. Ent., xxix, March, 1897, pp. ."iS-Se.
Describes two new genera, Scorpiotel'ia and
Stylidolon, and seven new species of Proctotry p-
idse.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
195
ASHMEAD, William H.— Continued.
A nevr water-bug from Canada.
Can. Ent., xxix, March, 1897, p. 56.
Describes Ualobatopsis begiiiii. ii. sp.
Descriptions of some new genera in
the Cynipidii'.
I'syche, vni, May, 1897, pp. 67-69.
Describes seven new genera and three new
species.
This paper is based largely upon Museum
material, and all types, except Acanthaegili^^s,
are in the National Museum.
Two new parasites from Eupoeya
slossono'.
Can. Ent.. XXIX, May, 1897, p. 113.
Describes Pelecy stoma eitpoeijae and Cryp-
turiis dyari.
California bees and tlieir parasites.
Proc. South. Cal. Acad. Sci., I, No. 3, 1897,
pp. 3-7.
Describes a new bee and two parasites.
(See also under Leland O. Howard.)
BAKER, E. G.
(See under .Joseph Nelson Rose.)
BARTSCH, Paul. The wrens of Bur-
lington, Iowa.
Jou'a Ornithologist, No. 2, April, 1897, pp.
21-24.
Notes on live species of wrens found about
Burlington, Iowa.
BEAN, Barton A.
(See under Takleton H. Bean and
Barton AV. Evermann.)
BEAN, Tarleton H., and BEAN, Bar-
ton A. Contributions to the natural
history of the Commander Islands,
No. XII. — Fishes collected at Bering
and Copper Islands by N: A. Grebnitski
and Leonhard Stejneger.
Proc. r. .S. Xat. JJvs., xix, No. 1106, Dec-
30.1896, pp. 237-251.
A list of 45 species of fishes collected during
the years 1882-1S85.
Notes on fishes collected in Kamchat-
ka and Ja])an by Leonhard Stejneger
and N. A. Grebnitski, with a descrip-
tion of a new Blenny.
Proc. r. ,S'. Xat. 2Iu.s., xix, No. 1112, Jan.
27. 1897, pp. 381-392, pis. xxxiv, xxxv.
This paper lists and describes a number of
interesting fishes obtained in Kaiiicliatka dur-
ing the fall of 1883, and in Vesso, Japan, in
1894, including a new genus of Blenny {I'holid-
apus grebnitsk-ii), from Tesso.
Description of a new Blenuy-like
fish of the genus Opisthoi-entnis, col-
lected in Vulcano Bay, Port Mororan,
Japan, by N. A. Grebnitski.
Proc. TJ. S. Xat. .!/»«., xx. No. 1127. Jan. -JS,
1897. Advance edition p. [1].
BEAN, Tarleton H.
(See also under G. Brown Goode.)
BECK, R. H. Western Evening Gros-
beak.
Xidologist, iv, Ko. 1, Sept., 1896, pp. 3-4,
Ipl.
BENDIRE, Charles. Smithsonian In-
stitution. I United States National Mu-
seum. I Special Bulletin. | — | Life
Histories | of | North American Birds,
I From the Parrots to the Grackles, |
With special reference to | Their Breed-
ing Habits and Eggs, | By | Charles
Bendire, Captain and Brevet Major,
U. S. A. (Retired). | Honorary Curator
of the Department of Oiilogy, U. S. Na-
tional Museum, | Member of the Amer-
ican Ornithologists' Union. | With |
seven lithographic plates. | — | Wash-
ington : I Government Printing OfJice.
I 1895.
Special Bull. No. 3, 4to, i)p. i-ix, 1-518, ids.
i-vn.
BENEDICT, .James E. Preliminary de-
scriptions of a new genus and three
new species of crustaceans from an
artesian well at San Marcos, Texas.
Proc. r. S. Xat. lf««., xvni, No. 1087, 1896,
pp. 615-617.
Describes 3 blind crustacean.s, a shrimp, an
isopod and an amphipod, taken by the U. .S.
Fish Commission from an artesian well, 188
feet deep, at San Marcos, Texas.
An advance edition of this paper was pub-
lished Apr. 14, 1896.
BERGH, Rudolph. Beitriige zur Kenut-
niss der Coniden.
Xova Acta der Esl. Leop. -Carol. Deutsch
Acad, der Xatur/orscher, hxv. No. 2,
1896, pp.69-214, pis. 1-13.
An anatomical study of the family Conidie,
in which it is shown that its characters are very
uniform, and that, as far as there are difler-
eiices, they do not march with the superficial
shell characters upon which it has been sought
to divide the group.
CASANOWICZ, I. M. Tell-et-Tin on
Lake Homis, in the valley of the Oron-
tes.
Am. Anthropologist, x, Jan., 1897, i)p.
13-16.
A sketch of the geographical, anthropologi-
cal and arcluBological features of that region.
CHITTENDEN, Frank H. A new grain
beetle.
Can. Ent, xxviii, Aug., 1896, pp. 197-198.
Gives notes on some grain beetles belonging
to the genus >Sylra>ius, and a table for distin-
guishing the species.
196
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
COGNIAUX, Alfred. Boseanthns, a.iiew
genus of Ciircurbitaceai from Acapulco,
Mexito.
Contnh.V. S. Nat. Herbarium, n\,'No. 9,
Aug. 5, 1896, pp. 577-578, pi. 28.
A new genus named for Dr. J. N. Eose.
COQUILLETT, Daniel W. A new sub-
family of Epbydridiv.
Ent. Keirs, vil, Sept., 1896, pp. 220-221.
Describes Lipochaeta slossonae, new genus
and species.
A new Dipterous genus related to
Gnoriste.
Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., in, Oct., 1896, pp.
321-322.
Describes Eugnoriste occidentalis.
A Dipterou s parasi te of s piders' eggs.
Ent. News, vil, Dec, 1896, p. 320.
Describes Gaurax araneae, ii. sp.
COUES, Elliott. Avimodramus {Pas-
serculus) sanctorum.
Auk, XIV, No. 1, Jan., 1897, pp. 92-93.
Mentions the rediscovery of this species on
San Benito Island— the type locality— by Mr.
A. W. Anthony, and its validity as a species is
atfirnied. Somereniarksareaddedon the genus
Passerculug, and the name Ammodramus (Pas-
sereuhts) sandicichensis wilsonianus is pro-
posed, to tq^Aaco A. sandivichensis savanna.
Una lomvia in South Carolina.
Auk, XIV, No. 2, Apr., 1897, pp. 202-203.
Records the capture of a Briinnich's Murre
near Anderson, S. C.
COULTER, John M., and ROSE, Joseph
Nelson. Leibergia, a new genus of
Umbellifene from tbe Columbia River
region.
Contrib. V. S. Nat. Herbarium, III, No. 9,
Aug. 5, 1896, pp. 575-576.
This new genus is named in honor of J. B.
Leiberg, Hope, Idaho.
COVILLE, Frederick Vernon. Crepis
occidentalis and its allies.
Contrib. V. S. Nat. Herbarium, in. No. 9,
Aug. 5, 1896, pp. 559-565, pis. 22, 24, 25.
Juncns confusus, a new rush from the
Rocky Mountain region.
Proc. liiol. Soc. Wash., X, Nov. 14, 1896, pp.
127-130.
lUhes eri/throcarpum, a new currant
from the vicinity of Crater Lake, Ore-
gon.
Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., x. Nov. 14, 1896, pp.
131-132.
The National Herbarium and the
Division of Botany.
Botan.Gaz., xxii, Nov. 23, 1896, pp. 418-420.
COVILLE, Frederick Vkrnon— Cont'd.
Collomia mazama, a new plant from
the vicinity of Crater Lake, Oregon.
Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xi. Mar. 13, 1897,
pp. 35-37, pi. 1.
The itinerary of .John Jeffrey, an
early botanical explorer of western
North America.
Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xi. Mar. 23, 1897,
pp. 57-60.
The technical name of the Camas
plant.
Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xi, Apr. 21, 1897,
pp. Gl-65.
Two new plants from Mount Ma-
zama, Oregon.
Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xi, June 9, 1897,
pp. 169-171.
COX, ULYS.SES O.
(See under Barton W. Evermann.)
CRAMER, Frank.
(See under Charles Henry Gilbert.)
CULIN, Stewart. Mancala: The na-
tional game of Africa.
Pep. Smithsonian Inst. (U. S. Nat. Mus.)
1894 (1897), pp. 595-607, pis. l-v, figs.
1-15.
DALL, William Healey. On the Amer-
ican species of Ervilia.
Nautilus, X, No. 3, July, 1896, pp. 25-27.
This summary enumerates the species and
gives their distinctive characters. Ervilia
maculosa Dall, from off Cape Lookout, North
Carolina, is described as new.
The niollusks and brachiopods of
the Bahama Expedition of the State
University of Iowa.
Nat. Hist. Bull. State Univ. Iowa, IV. No.
1, Aug. 20, 1896, pp. 12-27, pi. 1.
This pajier enumerates the species collected,
most of which are represented in the National
Museum, and describes and figures as new Mti-
rex nuttingi Da.ll, Sand Key, Fla. ; Cerion (May-
nardia) niteloides BnU, "Water Cay, Bahamas;
Liotia centrifuga Dall, Strait of Florida; and
Carditella smithii Dall, Bermuda. The types
are in the National Museum and the State
University of Iowa.
Insular land-shell faunas, especially
as illustrated by the data obtained by
Dr. C. Baur in the Galapagos Islands.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., for Aug..
1896, pp. 395-497, pis. xv-xvil.
This memoir discusses the conditions under
which land-shells exist in the Galapagos, St.
Helena and other oceanic volcanic islands;
snnunarizes the history of their exploration;
tabulates the distribution of the Galapagos
species among the several islands, and in the
different life-zones on single islands, and ofiers
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
197
DALL, Willia:m Healey — Continued.
(lata sliowiDj; tlie direct iufluenco of similar
(■()ii(litii)]iR uiioii iiiilividuals of diverse origiD,
and tlio similarity of effects produced by the
same causes in widely diflereiit regions and
upon forms of different genetic origin. The
relations of the St. Helena Pachyotits are
shown by anatomical data to be with the
AVest African Achatinas, notwithstanding
their wide testaceous divergence. The Xeiiotes
of tlieGalaiiagoson the other hand are related to
North and Central .Vnurican Biiliimdus. The
Galapagos land shells are enumerated, their
anatomical characters elucidated, and their
synonymy worked out. The genitalia, denti-
tion and jaws of numerous species, and the
untigured shells of previously described spe-
cies are illustrated. JitiUmuhig nesioticus Dail
is described as new. The paper concludes
with a bibliogiaphy of the Galapagos land-
shell literature.
Cook'8 lulet ami tlic region to the
westward.
Bull. U.S. Coast and Geod. Surv. Xo. 35,
Aug., 1896, pp. 162-170.
This article contains a summary of geograph-
ical and other notes on the region, made dur-
ing official explorations in the summer of 1895.
On the American species of Cyre-
noidea.
Xautilus, X, Ifo. 5, Sept., 1896, pp. 51-52.
Three American sjiecies are known, besides
the original type from Senegal, of which Ci/re-
noidea floridana Dall, and C. caloosaensis Dall
are described as new. The types are in the
U. S. National Museum.
Recent advances in malacology.
Science (New series), IV, No. 100, Nov. 27,
1896, pp. 770-773.
This article contains a summary of recent
malacological work not yet incorporated in the
textbooks. It is based in part on work done
in the XJ. S. National Museum.
Pelecypoda.
Textbook of Paleontology , by K. A. von
Zittel, revised edition, I, 1896, pp. 316-429.
In this contribution to the revised Text-
book the entire text has been rewritten, the
classification has been changed, the bibliogra.
phy brought up to date, and the modern view
of most ot the subjects included. The sub-
genus of Lucina, Prohicina Dall, of the Silu-
rian, is described as new.
Report on the molliisks collected by
the International Boundary Commis-
sion of the United States and Mexico,
1892-1894.
Proc. 77. S. Xat. Mns.. xix. No. 1111, Jan.
27, 1897, pp. 333-349, pi. xxxi-xxxill.
This paper treats of the species chiefly col-
lected by Dr. E. A. Mearns, U. S. A., in the re-
gion referred to; summarizes the results of
previous work in the same region ; illustrates
DALL, "William Healey — Continued,
unfigured species; describes as new, Polygyra
aslimuni Dall, P.pscudodonfa Dall, UtiUinulug
iiigromontanus Dull and Strcptoatyla fiebido.'ia
Dall; discusses the subdivision of the genus
Holospira, and catalogues the known species.
Coclocentrum nelsoni Dall, C.iifefferi Dall, and
Anisospira streheli Dall are described as new
from specimens obtained by E. "VV. Nelson. A
list of the known i)ulmonate fauna of the re-
gion is given, and also a list of marine mol-
lusks collected at or near the western termina-
tion of the boundary line.
List of species of shells collected at
Bahia, Brazil, by Dr. H. von Ihering.
Xatttilus, X, No. 11, Marcli, 1897, pp. 121-123.
This paper enumerates, from sijecimcnssent
to the National Museum, the marine shells col-
lected at Uahia, Brazil, showing that many of
them are typically Antillean species. 2Iac-
trella iheringi Dall, is described as new.
Report on the coal and lignite of
Alaska.
17th Ann. Rep., TJ. S. Geol. Surv., 1896,
(March, 1897), pp. 763-908, pis. XLvni-
LVIII.
This report summarizes what was previously
known in regard to the deposits of coal and
lignite in Alaska, also the results of explora-
tions by the author and Dr. G. F. Becker in the
summer of 1895. TheTertiaryrocks of Alaska
are discussed, and a table of the invertebrate
fossils known from them, derived from ma-
terial in the U. S. National Museum, is given.
These are followed by appendices by F. H.
Knowlton on the Paleobotany, Charles Schu-
chert on the Paleozoic fossils, and Alpheus
Hyatt on the Mesozoic fossils. A list of all
Alaskan species of fossil plants and a table of
their known distribution is given by Mr.'
Knowlton; Mr. Schuchert catalogues the
known Carboniferous and Devonian fossils of
Alaska and descril)e.s as new, variety alaslen-
sis, of theCarhomfiM-ims Productuslmgispinus;
Professor Hyatt pointsout thegenerallyJuras-
sic character of the JMesozoic fossils, and the
absence so far of well defined Cretaceous beds
in Alaska. The material upon which the re-
ports are based is in the National Museum.
Distribution of marine mammals.
Science (New series), V, No. 126, May 28,
1897, p. 84 '.
This note calls attention to the presence in
Bering Sea, the North Pacific and the Galapa-
gos Islands, of certain marine mammals omit-
ted in some recent discussions of geographical
distribution.
Synopsis of the Piuuida' of the
United States.
Xautilus, XI, No. 3, 1897, pp. 25-26.
This paper revises the synonymy and enu-
merates the species native to the Atlantic Coast
of the United States and adjacent regions.
(See also underR. J. LechmereGuppy.)
198
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
DEWEY, Lyster H. Tbe geuua Avena
on the Pacific coast.
Erijthea, V, Feb., 1897, p. 29.
A note in regard to different species mis-
taken for Avena fatua.
The eastwiud migration of certain
■weeds in America.
Asa Gray JSulletin, v, June 1], 1897, pp.
31-34, 1 map.
D WIGHT, Jonathan. A species of Shear-
water {Puffinus asximilis Gould) new to
the North American fauna.
Proc. Biol. Soe. Wash., xi, April 21, 1897,
](p. 69-70.
A specimen of a shearwater obtained at
Tabic Island, Nova Scotia, in the autumn of
1890, is referred to this species, which has not
before been recorded from North America. A
description of the specimen and some com-
ments on earlier descriptions are given.
EIC HHOFF, William. Remarks on the
synonymj^ of some North American
Scolytid Beetles.
Proc. U. S. Nat. 3Ius., xvni. No. 1085,
Aug. 12, 1896, pp. 605-610.
EVERMANN, Barton W. Description
of a new species of shad (Alosa ala-
hamce) from Alabama.
Rep. TJ. S. Fish Com., 1895 (appendix 4,
Dec. 28, 1896), pp. 203-205.
EVERMANN, Barton W., and BEAN,
Barton A. Indian River and its fishes.
Senate Doc. No. 46, 54tli Cong., 2nd sess.,
Jan., 1897, pp. 5-26, pis. 1-37.
In this paper 106 species of fislies known to
occur in tbe Indian River, Florida, are listed.
Eased upon collections made by tbe writers in
January, 1896, and upon those already in the
National Museum.
EVERMANN, Barton W., and COX,
Uly.sses O. Re])ort upon the fishes of
the Missouri River Basin.
nep. v. S. Fish Com., 1894 (extract, Nov.
27, 1896), pp. 325-429.
A descriptive list of tbe fishes of the Mis-
souri River and its tributaries.
EVERMANN, Barton W., and KEN-
DALL, W. C. An annotated list of the
fislies known from the state of Vermont.
Rep. JT. S.Fish Cum., 1804 (extract, 1896),
pp. 579-604.
This paper is based cbictly upon observa-
tions and collections made iu July, 1894, by the
seuior author and Mr. liartoii A. Bean. It is
a report upon the species of fishes collected or
known to occur in the waters of Vermont.
Fifty-three species are recorded.
EVERMANN, Barton W., and SMITH,
Hugh M. The Whitefishes of North
America.
Rep. U. S. Fish Com., 1894 (extract, 1896),
pp. 283-324, pis. 11-28.
A critical review of the Whitefishes found
in the waters of North America.
(See also under David Starr Jordan.)
FEWKES, J. Walter. Two ruins re-
cently discovered in the Red Rock
Conntrj', Arizona.
Atn. Anthropologist, ix, Aug., 1896, pp.
263-283.
An article showing that clift'-bouse culture
is not a stage in architectural development,
but an adaptive condition.
Pacific Coast shells from prehistoric
Tusayan pueblos.
Am. Anthropolotjist, Nov., 1896, pp. 359-
367, pis. Vlll, IX.
This article discusses the occurrence of
marine shells in ruins along the Little Colorado
River, in Arizona.
The sacrificial element in Hopi
worship.
Journ. Am. Folk Lore, x, 1896, No. xxxvni,
pp. 187-201.
The Miconinovi flute altars.
Journ. Am. Folk Lore, ix, 1896, No. xxxv,
pp. 241-255, pis. I, n.
An illustrated description of two altars
erected by the Flute Society in one of the
Hopi pueblos.
Tusayan totemic signatures.
Am. Anthropologist, x, Jan., 1897, pp. 1-11,
pis. II-IV.
A list of tlie ' ' marks " or totems of the lead-
ing men of the Hopi pueblos.
Morphology of Tusayan altars.
Am. Anthropologist, x. May, 1897, pp. 129-
145, figs. 1-5.
An article showing tbe similarity of altars
of apparently diifereut character, aud that the
dominating symbolism upon them refers to rain
and the growth of corn.
Preliminary account of an expedi-
tion to the cliff villages of the Red
Rock country, and the Tusayan ruins
of Sikyatki aud Awatobi, Arizona, iu
1895.
Rep. Smithsonian Inst., 1895 (1897), pp.
557-588, pis. xxxv-Lxvii.
This article describes new ruins discovered
in 1895, and the objects found iu them.
— The Tusayan ritual : A study of the
influence of environment on aboriginal
cults.
Rep. Smithsonian Inst., 1895 (1897), pp.
OK:i-7(io, ]>!.■;. i,xx-Lxxiii.
It is shown that the arid climate of Arizona
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
199
FEWKES, J. Walter— Coutiuucd.
lias developed a ritual among jiueblos in which
ceremonies lor rain and the growth of corn are
dominant.
Tusayan snake ceremonies.
IGth Ann. Rep. Bur. Am. Ethnol., 1897, pp.
266-311, pis. LXX-LXXXI.
An accoaut of the snake dances at Oraibi
and the pueblos of the Middle ilesa of the
Hopi.
FIG6IKS, J. D. Bachiuan's sparrow in
Maryland.
Auk, x:v, No. 2, April, 1897, p. 219.
Bachman's sparrow is here, for the first time,
reported from Maryland, based on a specimen
shot near Kensington.
GILBERT, CHAiiLES Henky. The ich-
thylogical collections of the U. S. Fish
Commission steamer Albatross during
the years 1890 and 1891.
Eep. U.ii.Fish Com., 1S93 (extract Dec. 9,
1896), pp. 393-476, pis. 20-35.
Descriptions of twenty-two new spe
cies of hshes collected by the steamer
Albatross of the United States Fish
Commission.
Proc. U. S. Xat. Mus., xix. No. 1115, Feb. 5,
1897, pp 437-457. pis. xlix-lv.
Based upon collections of the Museum, made
for the most part in the Pacific Ocean, south
of Santa Barbara, Cal. Several of the species
are from the Galapagos Archipelago, one only
being from the Atlantic.
GILBERT, Charles Henry, and CRA-
MER, Fr.\nk. Report on the tishes
dredged in deep water near the Hawai-
ian Islands, with descriptions and fig-
ures of twenty-three new sitecies.
Proc. U. S.Nat. Mm., xix, No. 1114, Feb. 5,
1897, pp. 403-435, pis. XXXVl-XLVlll.
GOODE, George Brown, and BEAN,
Tarletox H. Smithsonian Institu-
tion. I United States National Muse-
um. I — I Special Bulletin | — | Oce-
anic Ichthyology, | A Treatise on the |
Deep-sea and Pelagic Fishes of the
World, I Based chietiy upon | The col-
lections made by the steamers Jihtke,
Albatross, \ and i'i.s/; Z7rt«'fc in the North-
western Atlantic, I with I an Atlas con-
taining 417 figures, | By | George
Brown Goode, Ph. D., LL. D., | Assi.st-
ant Secretary, Smithsonian Institution,
in charge of U.S. National ]SIusenui, |
and I Tarleton H. Bean. M. 1)., M. S., |
Director of the New York Aquarium. |
GOODE, George Brown, and BFAN,
Tai{LETOX H. — Continued.
— I Washington : | Government Print-
ing Office. I 1895 (1896,^.
Special Bull. No. 2, 4to, pp. I-XXXV, l'-26*,
1-553; Alias, l-xxni, l*-26*, pis. l-
CXXHI.
GOODE, George Broavn. Smithsonian
Institution. | United States National
Museum. | — | Bulletin | of the |
United States National Museum. | No.
49. I Bibliography of the Published
Writings of Philip | Lutley Sclatei",
F. R. S., Secretary of the | Zoological
Society of London. | — | Prepared un-
derthe direction of | G. Brown Goode. |
— I Washington : | Government Print-
ing Office. I 1896.
8vo., pp. I-XIX, 1-135.
Philip Lutley Sclater.
Science (New series), iv, 1806, No. 88,
pp. 293-298.
Report upon the condition and
progress of the U. S. National Museum
during the year ending June 30, 1894.
Ji'ej). Smithsonian Jnst.iTJ. S. Nat. Mus.),
1894 (1897), pp. 1-233.
GUPPY, R. J. Lechmere and DALE,
William He a ley. Descriptions of Ter-
tiary fossils from the Antillean region.
Proc. r. S. Xat. Mti.s., xix. No. 1110, Dec.
30, 1896. pp. 303-331, pi. xxvn-xxx.
This paper opens with a summary of the An-
tillean Tertiary horizons, from which material
has been obtained, followed by descriptions of
species, chiefly Oligocene, which are believed
to be new. Of these Mr. Guppy describes
forty-three and Mr. Dall eighteen new species.
The genus Strongylocera (Miircli) is elucidated,
the genus Strombinella Dall and the subgenus
(of AcUs) Amblyspira Dall, are described as
new, and the subgenus (of Crassatellites) Cras-
sinella Guppy is reinstated. Pifty-nino spe-
cies are figured.
HASSALL, Albert.
(See under Charle.sWardellStile.s.)
HEMSLEY, W. Botting. Eryiujimn
longipetiolatiim.
Hooker's Icon. Plant., vi, pt. 1, ser. 4,
Feb., 1897, ])1.2504.
An umbellifer, from near San Cristobal,
Chiapas, Mexico.
Eryngiiim paucisquamosum.
Hooker's Icon. Plant., vi, pt. 1, ser. 4,
Feb., 1897, pi. 2505.
An umbellifer, from the mountains near
Hapancingo and summit of Sierra Madre,
Mexico.
200
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897,
HEMSLEY, W. Rotting- Coutiuued.
Eryngium s2)icuIosu7n.
Hooker's Icun. Plant., vi, pt. 1, ser. 4,
Feb., 1897. pi. 2507.
An umbellifer from Mexico.
Eryngium gnleottii.
Hookens Icon. Plant., VI, pt. 1, ser. 4,
Feb., 1897, pi. 2510.
An umbellifer from Oaxaca, Mexico.
(See also under Jo-seph Nelson Rose.
HITCHCOCK, A. S. Flora of south-
western Kausas. Report on a collec-
tion of i)lants made by C. H. Thompson
in 1883.
Contiib. U. S. Nat. Herbarium, in, No. 9,
Aug. 5, 1886, pp. 537-557.
HOLLAND, W. J. List of the Lepidop-
tera collected in East Africa, 1894, by
Mr. William Astor Chanler and Lieu-
tenant Lud\yig von Hiihnel.
Proc. U. S. Xat. Mus., xviii, No. 1098,
Oct. 7, 1896, pp. 741-767.
HOUGH, Walter. The Hopi in relation
to their plant environment.
Am. Anthropologint, x, Feb., 1897, pp.
33-44.
This paper presents the results of the study
of ethno-botanical coUection.s made by th« au-
thor while with the Fewkes expedition of 1896.
Tlie close relation of Hopi culture to the plant
environment is revealed, and the native names
and uses of more than 140 plants are given in
a classified list.
HOWARD, Leland O. Sulla ScuteUisia
cyanea Motsch.
Mevista di Patologia Yegetalc, v, 1, July,
1896, pp. 1-7.
A consideration of the literature of this
species, with re-descriptions, including first
description of the male, and an account of its
habits.
Shade tree insect problem in the
United States.
Scientific Ajnerican Supijlement, Xlii,
No. 1075, Aug. 8, 1896, pp. 17178-17179;
No. 1076, Aug. 15, 1896, pp. 17194-17195;
No. 1077, Aug. 22, 1896, pp. 17220-17221,
figs. 1-11.
Reprint of an article in the Yearbook of the
U. S. Department of Agriculture for 1895, pp.
361-384, with reproductions of eleven figures.
The larger Corn-stalk borer (Diatrcea
saccharalis Fab.).
Circ. Div. Ent. U. S. Dcpt. Agric. (Series
2), No. 16, Aug. 13, 1896, 3 pp., 3 figs.
General appearance and methods of work;
distribution; natiinil history and habits;
amount of damage ; remedies.
HOWARD, Leland 0.— Continued.
A Coleopterous enemy of Corydalis
coniittus.
Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., in. No. 5, Oct. 6,
1896, pp. 310-313.
Describes wholesale destruction of egg-
masses of Gorydalig cornutus by the larvse and
adults of Anthicus haldemani Casey, along the
shores of the Potomjic River during the year
1895. The first insect enemy of the Corydalis
to bo noted.
On some scale insects.
Trans. Mass. Hort. Soc, Boston (Extract,
Oct. 25, 1896), 15 pp., 8 figs.
A general account of .scale insects, with
special reference to the species existing iu
Massachusetts or liable to be introduced ;
remedies ; the nursery question ; legislation.
The largest insect egg.
Ent. Xeivs, vil, No. 8, Oct., 1896, p. 244.
Measurements of the egg of Sternocera oris.sa
from the South African Republic, which show
it to be the largest insect egg yet discovered.
Some temijerature effects on house-
hold insects.
Proc. Sixth Ann. Meeting American Ware-
housemen'g Association, Boston, Mass.,
1896.
This paper was reprinted in Bull. Div. Ent.
TJ. S. Dept. Agric, No. 6, Dec. 28, 1896, pp. 13-17.
Records of the effects of low temperatures
upon the different stages of Tinea biselliella,
Attagemis piceus, Dermestes vulpinus, Tenebrio
obscurus and Trogoderma tarsale.
The insects which affect the cotton
plant in the United States.
Bull. Office Experiment Stations, TJ. S.
Dept. Agric, No. 33, Dec. 28, 1896, pp.
317-380, figs. 10-29, 1 pi.
This paper was reprinted, with changes, as
Farmers' Bulletin Xo. 47, 77. S. Dept. Agric,
Jan., 1897.
A consideration of the principal insects
which affect the cotton plant in the United
States.
Some insects affecting the hop jilant.
Biill. Div. Ent., U. S. DejJt Agric. (New
series) No. 7, Feb., 1897, pp. 40-51, 4 figs.
A consideration of tlie life history and habits
of Hydroecia immanis, Hypena h^umili. Poly-
gonia interrogationsis and Polygonia comma.
A case of excessive parasitism.
Bull. Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agric (New
series) No. 7, Feb., 1897, pp. 62-63.
Record of breeding of seven species of Chal-
cididas with numbers and names from Lecan-
ium fletcheri from Ottawa, Canada, and a
descrii)tion of one new species.
Genernl notes and notes from cor-
respondence.
Bull. Div. Ent. TJ. S. Dept. Agric (New
series) No. 7, Feb., 1897, pp. 76-87, 1 fig.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
201
HOWARD, Leland O.— Continued.
A study in insect parasitism : A con-
sideration of the parasites of tlie wliite-
niarked tussock moth, with an account
of their habits and interrelations, and
with descriptions of new species.
Tech. Ser. Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agric, No.
5, Apr. 1, 1897, p. 57, tig. 24.
Contains a consideration of tbirty-five species
of parasitic Hymeuoptera and nine species of
Diptera, nine of the Hymenoptera being new.
On the Clialcididie of the Ishmd of
Grenada. Britisli We.st Indies.
Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool., xxvi, 1897, pp. 129-
178.
Author's extras of tliis paper were published
June 1,1897.
One hundred and tliirtj'-two species are con-
sidered, inchiding descrijitions of seventy-two
new species and six new genera. Material on
which this paper is baaed was collected by
Herbert H. Smith under the auspices of British
West India Committee, British Association for
the Advancement of Science. A duplicate
series will be deposited in the U. S. National
Museum.
HOWARD, Leland O., and ASHMEAD,
William H. On some reared Hymen-
opterous insects from Ceylon.
Proc. JT. S. Xat. 2Itis., xvni, No. 1092, Aug.
12, 1896, pp. 633-648.
Descriptions of tliirty-two new species of
Hj-menopterous insects reared from their hosts
by E. Ernest Green, Punduloya, Ceylon. Three
new genera and sixteen new species are de-
scribed by Doctor Howard. One new genus
and seven new species are described by Mr.
Ashmead.
HOWARD, Leland O., and MARL ATT,
C. Jj. The principal household insects
of the United States, with a chapter on
insects atfccting dry vegetable foods,
by F. H. Chittenden.
Bull. Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agric. (New
series) No. 4, 1896, pp. 1-130, fig. 62.
JORDAN, David Staru, and EVER-
MANN, Barton Warren. Smithsonian
Institution. | Uuited States National
Museum. | — | Bulletin | of the |
United States National Museum. | No.
47. I — I The Fishes | of | North and
Middle America : | A descriptive cata-
logue of the species of fish-like verte-
brates found in tlie | Avaters of North
America, north of the Isthmus of Pan-
ama. ! By I David Starr Jordan, Pli. D.,
I President of the Leland Stanford
Junior University, | and | Barton War
ren Evermann, Ph. D., | Ichthyologist
of the United States Fish Commi.ssion. I
JORDAN, David Starr, and EVER-
MANN, Barton Warren — Continued.
Part I. I Washington: | Government
Printing Office. | 1896. |
8vo, pp. I-LX, 1-1240.
A check-list of the fishes and fish-
like vertebrates of North and Middle
America.
liej). TT. S. Fish Com., 1895 (appendix 5,
Dec. 28, 1896), pp. 207-584.
A list of all the species of fishes and fish-
like vertebrates thus far recorded as occurring
in American waters north of the Isthmus of
Panama.
JUDD, Sylvester D. Descriptions of
three species of Sand Fleas (Amphi-
pods) collected at Newjjort, Rhode
Island.
Froe. TT. S. Nat. Mns., x\an, No. 1084, July
25, 1896, pp. 593-603, figs. 1-11.
Based on studies made while at Mr. Agas-
siz's marine laboratory at Newjjort, in the
summer of 1893. The species descrilfed are
Calliopius rathkei (Zaddach), Byblis serrata
Smith and B. agassizi, sp. nov.
JUDSON, W. B. The White-throated
Swift.
Kidologist, iv. No. 8, April, 1897, pp. 91-92.
A paper read by Mr. Judson at tb6 meeting
of the Cooper Ornithological Club (Southern
Division), Pasadena, California, Jan. 27, 1897.
KENDALL, W. C. Description of a new
Stickleback {Gasterosteits (jladUniculus)
from the coast of Maine.
Vroe. r. S. Xat. Mus., xvni. No. 1089, Aug.
12, 1896, p. 623.
(See also under Barton W. Ever-
mann. )
KNOWLTON, Franiv Hall. .The genus
Xestor.
Ospreij, I, No. 3, Nov., 1896, pp. 31-33.
, A popular account of the parrots of the
genus Xestor. Illustrations of the sheep-eating
species and the rare Philip Island parrot are
given.
Report on the fossil plants collected
in Alaska in 1895, as well as an enu-
meration of those previously known
from the same region, with a table
showing their relative distribution.
17tli Aim. Rep. U. S. Oeol. A'itcw., 1895-96
(1897), pp. 876-897.
(See also under Timothy W. Stanton.)
LANO, Albert. Buteo borcalis Jiarlani
in Minnesota.
Auk, xni. No. 4, Oct., 1896, p. 342.
Note on the occurrence of Harlan's hawk
in Minnesota.
202
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
LEIBEEG, John B. Delphinium viridea-
vens aufl Sanibitciis Iciosperma, two new
plants from the northwest coast.
rroc. Biol. Soc. ^Yaiih., xi, Manli 13, 1897,
pp. 39-41.
LINELL, Maktix L. List of Coleoptera
collected on the Tana IJiver, and ou
the .Joiiibc'no Range, East Africa, by
Mr. William Astor Chauler and Lieu-
tenant Lndwig von Hnhnol, with
descriptions of new genera and species.
Froc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xVni, No. 1094, Aug.
12. 1896, pp. 687-716.
New species of North American
Coleoptera of the family Scarabieidaj.
Proe. U. ,V. Nat. Mus., xvni. No. 1096, Oct.
7,1890, pp. 721-731.
Describes one new genus anil sixteen new
species, and makes critical remarks on other
species.
A short review of the Chrysomelas
of North America.
Journ. N. Y.Ent. Soc, iv, Dec, 1896, pp.
195-200.
Gives tabli's of tbe genera and species of
North American Chrysomelas found in the
United States, and indicates one new sub-
species, Galligrapha califoniica.
Descriptions of North American
Coleoptera in the families Ceram-
bycidie and Scarab;cida3.
Proc. 77. S. Nat. Mus., xix. No. 1113, Feb. 5,
1897, pp. 393-401.
Describes one new genus and twelve new
species, and makes critical observations on
some described species.
On the insects collected by Dr. Ab-
bott on the Seychelles, Aldabra, Glo-
riosa and Providence Islands, with de-
scriptions of nine new species of Cole-
optera.
Proc. r. S. Nat. J/m«.,xix, No. 1119, May
13. 1897, pp. 69.';-706.
Gives a list of the insects taken in the differ-
ent islands, makes remarks respecting their
distribution, and describes nine ntyv species
of Coleoptera.
New genera and species of North
American Curculionidic.
Journ. N. T. Ent. Hoc, V, Juno, 1897, pp.
49-56.
Describes two new genera and twelve new
species.
A new, nearly blind genus of Tene-
brionidaj.
Ent. News, vm, June, 1897, pp. 154-156.
Describes Typhlusechus singularis, new genus
and species.
LONNBERG, Einar. Is the Florida
Box Tortoise a distinct species?
Proc. JJ. ,V. Nat. Mus., xix. No. 1107, Dec.
30, 1896, pp. 253-254.
LUCAS, Frederic Augustus. Contri-
butions to the natural history of the
Commander Islands. - XI. — The cra-
nium of Pallas's Cormorant.
Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xvni, No. 1095, Oct.
7, 1896, pp. 717-719, pis. XXXIV, XXXV.
A dog of the ancient pueblos.
Science (New series), v. No. 118, April 2,
1897, p. 544.
Description of a skull of a dog of a well-
marked breed, from the ancient pueblo of
Homolobi.
McGUIRE, Joseph D. Classification
and develoi>nient of primitive imple-
ments.
Am. Anthropologist, l.x, July, 1896, pp.
227-237.
A study of the primitive methods of
drilling.
Pep. Smithsonian Inst. (IT. S. Nat. Mus.)
1894 (1897), pp. 623-756, figs. 1-201.
McNeill, Jerome. Revision of the
TruxaliniB of North America.
Proc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci., vi, 1896-
1897, pp. 179-274.
Contains a revision of the genera and species
of the North American subfamily TruxaliniB,
gives a key to the subfamilies of tlie Acrididas,
tlie important characters used in this classitl-
cation, a full bibliography of North American
writers, togetlier with tables and full descrip-
tionsof allthogoneraand species. Eleven new
genera and nine new species are described.
MARL ATT, C. L. A house-infesting
Spriugtail.
Can. Ent., xxvni, Sept., 1896, p. 219.
Describes Lepidocyrtus americana, n. sp.
(See also under Leland O. Howard.)
MASON, Otis T. Rochefort on the Car-
ibbeans.
ScienceCNew series), iv, July 10, 1896, p. 52.
This paper calls attention to the mention
of the dishing pile dwellings in San Marco,
Florida, as far back as 1666.
Eskimo tbi'owing-sticks.
Nature, London, July 23, 1896, p. 271.
A hitherto unknown form from Prince Will-
iam Sound, Alaska is identified.
On lifting monoliths.
Science (New series), I v, Aug. 21, 1896, p.
228.
It is shown by the author that all the great
stones in liiim.in art were cut and put in place
in pie-mechanical times.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
203
MASON, Otis T.— Coutiimed.
Ou the Siberian origin of Alaskan
iron and copper daggers.
Yerhandl. Berliner Oes.iellscha/t filr An-
throp, (fcc, Berlin, 1806, xxvill, p. 75.
The copper and steel doulile-pointed and
single-pointed daggers of tlie aoutheasfern
Alaskan Indians are compared witli forms of
the Bronze Age found in Siberia.
Matto Grosso, South America, as a
mingling ground of stocks.
/Science (New series), v. Jan. 29, 1897, p.
194.
This paper reveals the work of Dr. Her-
mann Meyer on the distribution of Eastern,
Western, and South American bow.s and arrows
and their commingling in the middle ground of
the Matto Grosso.
The antiquity of certain curved
knives.
Xature, London, April 8, 1897, p. 534.
The author describes the whittling knives
introduced into America by whites, and seeks
to find their distribution in the old world.
Tape and belt loom from Italy and
its congeners in America.
Inventive Age, Washington, April 17,
1897.
This paper compares Zuiii and Chippewa
looms with European forms.
The pointed canoe of the Kutenai
Eiver.
Science (New series) v, June 11, 1897, p.
927.
This canoe is compared with those of the
Amoor, in Asia.
Primitive travel and transportation.
Sep. Smithsonian InU. (V. S. Nat.Mus.),
1894 (1897), pp. 257-593, pis. l-xxv,
figs. 1-260.
This paper discusses going afoot, including
the study of special costumes and appliances
occasioned thereby; man as a carrier, and in
drawing loads.
Influence of environment on hiniian
industries or arts.
Hep. Smithsonian Inst., 1895 (1897/, ])p.
639-665, pi. Lxix, figs. 1, 2.
This article forms one of a series on environ-
ments, and seeks to show how surrounding
nature art'ects and conditions all human activi-
ties. Environmental or culture areas, 18 in
number, are worked out for the western world.
MEARNS, Edgar A. Preliminary diag-
noses of new mammals from the Mexi-
can border of the United States.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xix. No. 1103, 1896,
pp. 137-140.
An advance edition of this paper was issued
•May 25, 1896.
MEARNS, Edgar A.— Continued.
Preliminary diagnoses of new mam-
mals of the genera Lynx, Urocijon, Spi-
logale and Mephitis, from the Mexican
boundary line.
Proc. r. S. Xat. Mug., xx, No. 1126, Jan.
12, 1897, pp. [l]-[4]. Advance edition.
Preliminary diagnoses of new mam-
mals of the geuera Mephitis, Dorcela-
phits, and Dicotyles, from the Mexican
border of the United States.
Proc. TT. S. Nat. Mus., xx, No. 1129, Feb.
11, 1897, pp. [l]-[4]. Advance edition.
Preliminary diagnoses of new mam-
mals of the genera Scinnis, Castor, Xeo-
toma and Sigmodon, from the Mexican
border of the United States.
Proc. V. S. i\'a<.J/t«., XX, No. 11.32, March
5, 1897, pp. [lJ-[4]. Advance edition.
A new subgeneric name for the
Water Hares (Hydrolagns Gray).
Science (New series), v. No. 114, March 5,
1897, p. 393.
MERRILL, George Pehkixs. On the
comjiosition and structure of the Ham-
blen County, Tennessee, meteorite.
Am. Journ. Sci., XI, Aug., 1896, pp. 149-
153.
Principles of rock-weathering
(Studies for students).
Journ. Oeol., iv, Nos. 6 & 7, Sept. -Nov.,
1896, pp. 704-724, 850-871.
Weathering of micaceous gneiss in
Albemarle County, Virginia.
Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vni, Feb. 22, 1897, pp.
157-168.
A Treatise | on | Rocks, Rock- weath-
ering, and Soils. | By | George P. Mer-
rill I Curator of Geology in the United
States National Museum. | New
York: | The Macmillan Co. | Lon-
don : I M a c m i 1 1 a n and Co., Ltd. |
1897. I
pp. i-xx, 1-411, pis. 1-25, figs. 1-42.
Stones I for | Building and Decora-
tion. I Second Edition. | By | George P.
Merrill, | Curator of Geology in the
United States National Museum. | New
York : | John Wiley & Son.s, | 53 East
Tenth Street. |
pp. I-IX, pp. l-!506, pis. I-XIX, figs. I-xvill.
MURBACH, Louis. Observations on
the development and migration of
the urticatin'g organs of sea nettles,
Cnidaria.
Pruc. TJ. S. Xat. Mus., xvni. No. 1097, Oct.
7, 1896, pp. 733-740.
204
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
NELSON, E. W. Prelimiuary descrip-
tions of new birds from Mexico and
Guatemala in the collection of the
United States Department of Agricul-
ture.
Auk, XIV, No. 1, Jan., 1897, pp. 42-76.
Forty-two new speoiea and .subspecies and
one new genus are described in tlie present
paper, whicb is based mainly on collections
made in Mexico and Guatemala by the author.
The new forms are aa follows: Dendrortyx
(laxacce, D. viacrourus (/riseipectus, D. ma-
crourus striatus, Colinus salvini, C. godmani, C.
inxignis, C. graysoni nigripectug, Cyrtonyx
inerriami, Megascops inarmoratus, Momotus
mexicanus saturatus, Dryobates sanctorum,
Antrostomug ridgwayi, Delattria pringlei,
riatypsaris aglaice gumichrasH, Eniindo^iax
bairdi occidentalis, Picolaptes compressus in-
sigiiis, Automolus peetoralis, Otocoris alpestris
oaxacce, Calocitta formosa azurea, Cissolopha
pjilchra, Agelaius phoeniceus grandis, A. pftos-
niceus richmondi, A. gubernator calif ornicus,
Ammodramus gavannanini obscurus, Juneo
fulvescens, Peuccea ruficepg fusea, P. ruficeps
australis, Cardinalig cardinalis littoralis, Ohio-
rospingus atriccps, Phoenicothraupis rubicoideg
affinis, Dendroica yoldmani, Basileuterus flavi-
gaster, Heleodyteg alticohis, H. occidentalis, H.
huinilis rufus, H. capistratus nigricaudatus,
Salpinctes obsoletus neglcctus, Heiniura pacif-
ica, Henicorhina mexicana, H. leucophrys cap-
italis, Catharus occidentalis fulvescens, Merula
tamaulipengis.
The new genus Hylorchilus is created to
receive the species formerly called Catherpes
sumichrasti.
PILSBRY, Henry A. Manual of con-
chology. Part 65. — Dentalium.
Man. Conch. Struct. <(: Synt., part 65, June,
1897, pp. 1-80, pi. 1-9.
Monograph of the family DentaliidiB, based
in part on collections of the U. S. National
Museum.
POLLARD, Chakles Louis. Cassiapro-
hoscidea.
Bull. Torrey Botan. Club, xxill, July 20,
1896, pp. 281-282.
Describes a new Caggia from Barbados Island.
Notes on atrip to the Dismal Swamp.
Garden and Foregt, ix, Nov. 18, 1896, p.
462.
Comments upon the most interesting plants
observed on a trip to tlie Di,smal Swamp.
The Acaulescent Violets.
Botan. Gaz., xxill, Jan. 20, 1897, p. 53.
A rej^ly to Prof. E. L. Greene's observations
on this group.
Studies of the flora of the Central
Gulf region. (I.)
Bull. Torrey Botan. Club, xxiv, March,
1897, pp. 148-158.
Discusses various plants of the Gulf region,
POLLARD, Charles Louis— Cont'd.
establishing several new combinations of ge-
neric and specific names and describing Casgia
aspera mohrii, n. var.
[Review of] Chapman's flora of the
Southern United States.
Bull. Torrey Botan. Club, xxiv, April 24,
1897, pp. 210-213.
A review of the third edition of Chapman's
work.
POWERS, William L. Two new birds
for Maine.
Auk, XIV, No. 2, April, 1897, p. 219.
Aeanthis linaria rostrata unA A.lhiaria hol-
ba'llii are recorded from Maine.
PRICE, William W. Description of a
new Pine Grosbeak from California.
Auk, XIV, No. 2, April, 1897, pp. 182-186.
A new form of the Pine Grosbeak, Pvnicola
enucleator californica, is described from the
higher Sierra Nevada Mountains of California.
PURDY, James B. Henslow's Bunting,
Ammodramus hensloivi, iound breeding
at Plymouth, Michigan.
Atik, XIV, No. 2, April, 1897, pp. 220-221.
Announcement of the nesting of Henslow's
sparrow at Plymouth, Michigan.
OBERHOLSER, Harry C. Critical re-
marks on the Mexican forms of the
genus Certhia.
Auk, XIII, No. 4, Oct., 1896, pp. 314-318.
Two Mexican creepers are recognized, Oer-
thia familiaris albescens (Berlepsch) and C.
familiaris aUicola Miller. These are treated
in detail with full descriptions and synony-
mies.
Description of a new subspecies of
Dendi'oica.
Auk, XIV, No. 1, Jan., 1897, pp. 76-79.
The name Dendroica (estiva rubiginoga (Pal-
las) is used to distinguish a form of yellow
warbler inhabiting British (Columbia and
Alaska.
Critical remarks on CistothoruspalKS-
iris (Wils.) and its western allies.
Auk, XIV, No. 2, April, 1897, pp. 186-196.
Two western forms of Cistothorus palugtris
are recognized, of which C. palustr is plesius ia
described as new. Full descriptions and syn-
onymy of both forms are given.
RATHBUN, Mary J. The genus Cal-
linectes.
Proc. IT. S. Nat. M^ts., xviii. No. 1070,
July 8, 1896, pp. 349-375, pis. XIl-xxvill.
A monograph of the genus, including a his-
torical review, an analytical key, and descrip-
tions and figures of the ten species, nine of
which are in the National Museum. The
name of the common edible species of eastern
North America is changed from Callinectes
hastatus to C. sapidug. A new subspecies ia
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
205
RATHBUN, Mary J.— Continuefl.
described, and also a fossil specimen. In an
appendix are given notes on the habits of C.
tapidus, by the Hon. J. D. Mitchell, Judge
Benjamin Harrison and Mr. Willard Xye, Jr.
Descriptions of two new siiecies of
fresh-water crabs from Costa Rica.
Proc. IT. S. Nat. Mtis., xviii, No. 1071,
July 8, 1896, pp. 377-379, pis. xxix, xxx,
figs. 1-3.
Descriptions of two new species of Psexi-
dothelphvsa from Costa Rica, received from
the National Mu.seum at San Jos^, through
Mr. J. Fid. Tristan.
Description of a new genus and four
new species of crabs from the West
Indies.
Proc. U. IS. Nat. Mus., xix, No. 1104, Dec. 21,
1896, pp. 141-144.
The crabs here described occur at the Florida
Keys and Jamaica, and are represented in the
collection of Mr. P. "W. Jarvis of Kingston.
The descriptions are preliminary to a "List of
the Decapod Crustacea of Jamaica."
Descriptions de noitvelles especes de
Crabes d'eau douce appartenant aux
collections du Museum d'liistoire natu-
relle de Paris.
Bull. 2Ins. d'Hist. Xat. Paris, ni. No. 2,
March, 1897, pp. 58-61.
Comi)rises descriptions of 4 species of Pseu-
dothelplnisa from Central and South America,
published tlirough the courtesy of Prof. E. L.
Bouvier. Specimens of each species have
been presented to the U. S. National Museum.
Synopsis of the American Sesarm;e
with description of a new species.
Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xi, April 20, 1897,
pp. 89-92.
In the synopsis, 4 subgenera and 18 species
are recognized, and the synonymy is briefly
given. Of the known species, 3 here receive
new names, and one is described for the first
time.
Synopsis of the American species of
Palicus Philippi {z=CiimopoUa Roux),
with descriptions of six new species.
Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xi, April 26, 1897,
pp. 93-99.
Seventeen species of Palicus (of -which six
are new) have been dredged iu American
waters bj" the steamers Bache, Blaise, and
Albatross. A synopsis of all the species is
given, together with descriptions of the new
forms.
• Synopsis of the American species of
Ethusa with description of a new
species.
Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xi, !May 13, 1897, pp.
109-llU.
A synopsis of the 5 American species of
Elhusa, three of which occur on the Atlantic
RATHBUN, Mary J.— Continued.
coast, and two on the Pacific. The new species
described, E. tenuipes, inhabits the Gulf of
Mexico and the Florida Keys.
Description of a new species of Can-
cer from Lower California, and addi-
tional note on Sesarma.
Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xi. May 13, 1897,
pp. 111-112.
The new species of Cancer, C. anthonyi, was
collected at Playa Maria Bay, west coast of
Lower California, by Mr. A. W. Anthony.
Attention is called to Sesarma (equatorialis
Ortmann, a species which should be added to
those enumerated in a list published April 26,
1897.
The African Swimming Crabs of the
genus Callinecfes.
Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xi, June 9, 1897,
pp. 149-151.
Four species of CalUnectes are found on the
coast of Africa. Of these, one species is new,
one was formerly considered a subspecies, C
tumdus gladiator, and another, hitherto known
as C. larvatus Ordway, is found to be synony-
mous with Ne2>tunu.s marpinatus A. Milne-
Edwards, of earlier date. Incidentally the
species C. tumidus Ordway, is changed to G.
exasperatus (Gerstircker).
A revision of the nomenclature of
the Brachyura.
Proe. Biol. Soc. Wash., xi, June 9, 1897,
pp. 153-167.
This revision is made in accordance with the
code of the American Ornithologists' Union.
The changes which it is found necessary to
make are discussed under the following head-
ings : (1) Names diverted from their original
meaning; (2) The name of a composite genus
tenable for one or more of its species which do
not belong in older genera; (3) The name of a
composite genus, when made up wholly of older
genera, tenable for a component part requiring
a name; (4) Specification of type; (5) Earlier
nanu's neglected ; (6) Names based on figures
without description; (7) Post-Linna'an name
given by a polynomialist invalid ; (8) I'reoc-
cupiednames; (9) Names given simultaneously
to different genera; (10) Original orthography
to be preserved except in case of typographical
error.
Twenty-six new generic names are proposed
for old names which have been used in viola-
tion of accepted rules.
RICHARDSON, Harriet. Description
of a new crustacean of the genus Sphcv-
rovia from a warm spring in New
Mexico.
Proc. U. S. Xat. Mns., xx, No. 1128, Feb.
6, 1897, p. [1.]. Advance edition.
This crustacean {Sphceroma thermophilinn)
was taken from a warm sj)ring mar Socorro,
New Mexico, by Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell. It is
206
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
RICHARDSON, Haukiet— Continued,
contrasted with S. diigesi Dollfiis, a Mexii-au
species, and the only other Sphceroma inhabit-
ing fresh water.
Description of a new species of
Splmroma.
Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xi, May 13, 1897, pp.
105-107, tigs. 3-5.
The species here described {Sphceroma
destructor) is a wood borer, and was taken in
large numbers from piers on St. John's liiver,
Florida, at Palatka, where the water is fresh.
One piece of wood was reduced by its ravages
from 16 to 7^ inches in diameter in 8 years.
RICHMOND, Charles W. Catalogue
of a collection of birds made by Doctor
W. L. Abbott in Eastern Turkestan, tbe
Thian-Shau Mountains, and Tngdum-
basb Pamir, Central Asia, with notes on
some of the species.
Proc. r. S. Xat. Mus., xvni, No. 1083, July
25, 1896, pp. 569-591.
A list of ninety -eight sjiecies, to which are
added dates and localities of the specimens
collected, and in many cases notes by the col-
lector. JEgialitis j^nmirensis, Passer montanus
dilutus, and Merula merula intermedia are
described as new.
Description of a new species of Ant
Thrush from Nicaragua.
Proc. V. S. Xat. 21 us., xvni, Ko. 1090, Aug.
12, 1896, pp. 625-626.
Phlerjopsis saturata is described as new,
although closely related to P. macleannani.
Partial list of birds collected at Alta
Mira, Mexico, by Mr. Frank B. Arm-
strong.
Proc. Zr. S. Xat. Mus., xvin, Ko. 1091,
Aug. 12, 1890, pp. 627-632.
A list of sixty pieces obtained in Alta Mira,
near Tampico, Mexico, of which several are of
interest from the locality.
Descriptions of ten new species of
birds discovered by Dr. W. L. Abbott
in the Kilima-ujaro region of Ea.st
Africa.
Auk, XIV, No. 2, April, 1897, pp. 154-164.
The following species collected by Doctor
Abbott are described as new : Crithagra hill-
menns, Crithagra striolata ajjinis, Estrilda
cyanocephala, Cinnyris nectarinioides, Amy-
drus 1 dubius, Pholidaugesfemoralis, Laniarius
abbotti, Prionopis viiiaceigwlaris, Chloropeta
sim,ilis, Melanobvcco abbotti.
Catalogue of a collection of birds
made by Doctor W. L. Abbott iu M:ida-
gascar, with descriptions of three new
species.
Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xix. No. 1118, May
13, 1897, pp. 677-C!l4.
A list of eighty-three species, to whicli are
RICHMOND, Charles W.— Continued.
added dates and localities, and in some cases
critical notes.
Thalasgornis insvlans, JEgialitig thoracica,
and Gopsychiis inexspectatus are described as
new, and Abbottornis is proposed as a new
name for Leptoptertis, preoccupied.
RID(iWAY, Robert. Melopelia leucop-
tera in Osceola County, Florida.
Auk, XIV, No. 1, Jan., 1897, pp. 88-89.
Records a specimen of this dove from Osceola
County, Florida.
Nf)te on Junco annectens Baird and
J. ridf/trayi Mearus.
Aiik, XIV, No. 1, Jan., 1897, p. 94.
The name Junco annectens is found to apply
to the bird hitherto called J. ridgwayi, leaving
the species formerly called Junco annectens
without a name. To the latter is given the
new name Junco mearnsi.
Correct nomenclature of the Texan
Cardinal.
Auk, XIV, No. 1, Jan., 1897, p. 95.
A new name, Pyrrhuloxia sinuala texana, is
applied to the Texan Cardinal, the true P. sin-
uata being a.scertained to occur in Arizona and
western Mexico. The name P. sinuata beck-
hami, erroneously bestowed on the latter, thus
becomes a synonjm.
Dendroica crerulea vs. Dendroica vara.
Auk, XIV, No. 1, Jan., 1897, p. 97.
Sylvia ccerulea of Wilson is found to be an-
tedated by Sylvia ccerulea of Latham, necessi-
tating the adoption of the subsequent Sylvia
mra "Wilson for the Cerulean Warbler, whose
name thus becomes Dendroica vara (Wilson).
Birds of the Galapagos Archipelago.
Proc. JJ. S. Nat. Mus., xix. No. 1116, March
15, 1897, pp. 459-670, pis. LVI, LVll, figs.
1-7.
A comprehensive review of the birds of the
Galajjagos Archipelago, giving a description of
each of the 105 species known to occur on the
islands, together with brief synon3-my, and iu
many cases tables of measurements. Maps in
the text illustrate the distribution of the
species of each genus. The derivation of the
Galapagos avifauna is discussed at some
length, and tables showing the distribution of
peculiar genera and those falling in other cate-
gories are added.
Two plates illustrate the variations in the
form of the bill in the genera Nesomimxis, Oa-
marliyiich us and Oeospiza.
A bibliography of papers relating to Gala-
pagoau ornithology completes the ])aper.
Melanospiza is a new generic term (p. 466,
footnote).
ROBINSON, Wirt. An annotated list of
birds observed on Margarita Island, and
at (iuanta and Laguayra, Venezuela.
Proc. U. S. Xat. Mus., xvni. No. 1093, Aug.
12, 1896, pp. 049-085, pi. xxxni, fig. 1.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
207
ROBINSON, Wirt— Continued.
This paper includes descriptions of new spe-
cies and critical notes by Charles W. Rich-
mond. A liatof seventy-three species observed
on Margarita Island is given. Nine species
are described as new, viz: Sutorides rohin-
ioni,Evp»ychnrhjxpallidus, Leptotilainsidans,
Scardafella ridijicayi, Speoti/to brachyptera,
Melanerpes subele(ians neglectus, Dendroplex
longirostris, Quiscalus insidaris, and Hylo-
philus griseipes.
A. list of eighteen species observed at Guant a.
and thirty-five species at Laguayra are added.
A good map of the island of Margarita acconi-
])auies tlie paper.
ROSE, Joseph Nki.sox. Plants from the
Big Horn Mountains of Wyoming.
Contrib. TJ. S. Xat. Herbarium, ni, No. 9,
Aug. 5, 1896, pp. 567-574.
This is a catalogue of 96 species collected by
Mr. Frank Tweedy in 1883. One new variety
of willow is described by the late M. S. Bebb.
Preliminary revision of the Nortli
American species of Chrysosplenium.
JBotan.Gaz.. xxni, No. -1. Ai)ril, 1897, p. 275.
(See also under .John M. Coulter.)
ROSE, .Joseph Nelson, and BAKER,
E. G. IlohitisoiieUa, a new genus of Tree
Mallows.
Oarden and Forest, x, No. 487, June 23,
1897, ])p. 244-245.
The genus is named for Dr. 1!. L. Robinson,
curator of the Graj' Herbarium, Cambridge,
Mass.
ROSE, Joseph Nelson, and HEMSLEY,
W. BOTTING. Tradescantia orchido-
phylla.
Hooker's Icon. Plant., vi, pt. 1, ser. 4,
Feb., 1897, pi. 2552.
SATOH, H. The wooden statue of Baron
li Kamon-no-Kami Naosuko, pioneer
diplomat of Japan. (Translation of
label accompanying the statue.)
Kej}. Smithsonian Inst. (U. S. Nat. Mus.)
1894 (1897), pji. 619-622, pi. I.
SCHUCHERT, Charges. What is a
type in natural history?
Scimce (New series), v, No. 121, April
23, 1897, pp. 636-640.
Defines the kinds of type specimens and
proposes the new terms, hy])otype, holotype,
plastotype, hypoplastotype and genotype.
On the fossil phyllopod genera,
Dipeltis and I'rotocarU, of the family
Apodida\
T'roc. V. S. Nat. Mus., xix, No. 1117, May
13, 1897, pp. 671-676, pi. LVin.
Discusses the Paleozoic representatives
Dipeltis and 7Vo«ora/-i'4-of the family Apodidfe,
find defines the species 1). diplodiscus Packard,
SCHUCHERT, Charles— Continued,
and />. carri n. sp. The family is subdivided
into the Apodinio and Dipeltin.-v, both new
subfamilies.
^ Report on Paleozoic fossils from
Alaska.
17th Ann. Hep. U. ,S. Geol. Surv. 1895-96
(1897), ])p. 898-906.
This paper gives a summary of the known
Paleozoic fossils of Alaska, and describes a
number of species new to that region.
SCHWARZ, E. A. [New genus and
species of Psyllid from Japan.]
I'roe. V.S.Nat. Mus., xix, No. 1108, Dec.
30, 18P6, pp. 295-297.
These descriptions are included in a paper
by Philip R. TJhler entitled " Summary of the
Hemiptera of Japan presented to the United
States National Museum by Professor Mitsu-
kuri." Anomoncura mori is described as a
new genus and species.
SCUDDER, Samuel H. The species of
the genus Melanopliis.
Ptoc. Am. Pliilosoph. Soc, xxxvi, Jan.,
1897, pp. 5-35.
This paper is based upon a memoir to be
published shortly by the TT. S. National
Museum. It contains tables of the species
and a consideralile number of the latter are
diagnosed, but are not indicated in the tables.
The original juemoir is based largely upon
Mu.seum material, and a majority of tlie types
of tlie new species are in the Museum col-
lection.
SIMPSON, Charles Torre y. The
muscle scars of Uuios.
Nautilus, X, July, 1896, pp. 29-30.
It is shown that the great variability of
muscular scars in Unionidse prevents their
use as a character for classification.
Notes on the Parvus group of
UniouidiE and allies.
Nautilus, X, Sept., 1896, pp. 57-59.
Review of a paper by R. Ellsworth Call on
this group, published in the Proceedings of
the Indiana Academy of Science for 1895.
[Review of the Unionida3 of the
Mexican Boundary region, with a
description of Unio mitchelH from
Texas.]
Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xix. No. 1111, Jan.
27, 1897, pp. 370-374, pi. xxxu, figs. 1-5.
This article is included in Mr. Dall's rejiort
on the molhisks collected by the Intei-r.ational
Houndary Commission of the United States
and Mexico. 1892-1894.
The Janthiuas.
Nautil'ts, V, April, 1897, pp. 133-134.
Notes on jn eiiornnms shoal of Jantliinas
washed ashore on Key AVest Island, Florida.
208
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
SIMPSON, Charles Torrey— Cout'd.
Helicma dysoni.
XuKtilus, XI, June, 1897, pp. 13-14.
An a<'C(>unt ofcollectin;; this niollusk on the
Brickley Tliatch Palms of ITtilla, Houdaras.
Notes oil the clussificatioii of Unios.
XautUus. XI, June, 1897, ])]). 18-23.
Anatomical and concliolo.iiical notes on the
genus Unio and their hearing on the classifica-
tion. In this paper it is proposed to divide the
old genus Unio into other genera founded on
characters of the shell and solt parts.
SMITH, Hugh M.
(See imder Barton W. Evermann.)
STANTON, Timothy W. On the genus
Eemondia Gabb, a group of Cretaceous
bivalve mollusks,
Proc. TJ. S. Nat. Mus., Xix, No. 1109, Dec.
30, 1896, pp. 299-302, pi. xxvi.
Discusses the genus liemondia and defines it.
[Cretaceous section near the mouth
of Judith River, Montana.]
Monogr. 77. ,S'. Geol. Surv., xxvil, 1896, pp.
239-241.
A descriptive note contained in the ' 'Geology
of the Denver Basin," by Messrs. Emmons,
Cross and Eldridge.
[Upper Cretaceous section of Price
River Canyon, near Castle Gate, Utah.]
Monogr. U. S. Geol. Surv., xxvil, 1896, pp.
241-242.
This note forms a part of the work entitled
"Geology of the Denver Basin," by Messrs.
Emmons, Cross and Eldridge, published in the
volume mentioned.
The faunal relations of the Eocene
and Upper Cretaceous on the Pacific
Coast.
17th Ann. Rep. 77. S. Qeol. -Swru., 1895-96
(1897) pp. 1005-1059, pis. LXlll-LXVlI.
Discusses the local devoloi)ment and stra-
tigraphy of the Chico aud Tejon formations.
The Martinez group is shown to be not a sim-
ple formation and a subdivision of the Chico,
but to contain two distinct faunas, "one of
which is Cretaceous and insei>arable from the
Chico, while the other is Eocene, and is here
classed as Lower Tejon." Sixteen species re-
ported to occur in both the Chico aud Tejon for-
mations are discussed. Twenty-three Lower
Tejon species are described, of which ten are
new.
STANTON, Timothy W., and KNOWL-
TON, Frank Hall. Stratigraphy and
Paleontology of the Laramie and re-
lated formations in Wyoming.
Bull. Geol. Sac. Am., VIll, 1897, pp. 127-156.
Partly baaed on material beWnging to tlie
National Museum.
STEARNS, Robert E. C. Purpura lapil-
lu8 Linne; an imbricated variety col-
lected at Boston, Mass.
NMililm, X, No. 8, Dec, 1896, p. 85.
Uvantlla reijina, a new locality.
Nautihts, xi. No. 1, May, 1897, p. 1.
Originally described from Guadalupe Lsland,
coast of Lower California; subsequently de-
tected on San Clemente Island, California.
Description of a new species of
Acfwon from the Quaternary bluft's of
Spanish Bight, San Diego, California.
Nautilus, XI, No. 2, 1897, pp. 14-15.
Describes Actceon traskii Stearns as new.
The types are in the TJ. S. National Museum.
The siiell is also recent at San Diego.
STEJNEGER, Leonhard. Description
of a new genus and species of blind
tailed batrachiaus from the subter-
ranean waters of Texas.
Proc. 17. S. Nat. Mus., xviu. No. 1088, 1896,
pp. 619-621.
An advance edition of this paper was issued
April 15, 1896.
Description of a new species of
Guillemot from the Kuril Islands.
Auk, XIV, No. 2, April, 1897, pp. 200-201.
Cep2)hus snoivi is described as new.
STILES, Charles Wardell. Report
upon the present knowledge of the
tapeworms of poultry.
Bull. Bureau Animal Industry, 77 S. Bept.
Agnc, No. 12, 1896, pp. 1-79, pis. l-xxi.
A revision of the adult tapeworms
of hares and rabbits.
Proc. TJ. S. Nat. Mus., xix, No. 1105, Dec.
30, 1896, pp. 145-235, pis. v-XXV.
STILES, Charles Wardell, and HAS-
SALL, Albert. Notes on Parasites —
47. On the priority of Ciiiotanna Riehm,
1881, over CtenoUvnia Railliet, 1897.
Veterinary Magazine, iii, No. 7, July, 1896,
p. 407.
STONE, Wither. The genus SturneUa.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phlla., 1897, pp. 146-
152.
A revision of the forms of SturneUa, mainly
directed to the birds inhabiting the United
States.
SturneUa magna hoopesi from Brownsville,
Texas, is described as new.
TANNER, Z. L. Deep-sea exploration:
a general description of the steamer
Albatross, her appliances and methods.
Bull. U. S. Fish Com., 1896, Art. 5, June,
1897, pp. 257-428, pis. I-XL.
The chapter on the preparation and preser-
vation of specimens was compiled largely from
J
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
209
TANNER, Z. L.— Continued.
data furnished by Mr. Juiues E. Benedict,
assistant curator of tlie departnieut of marine
invertebrates, 17. S. National Museum.
TOWNSEND, Charles H. Description
of a new eagle from Alaska and a new
8(iuirrcl from Lower California.
J'roc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XI, June 9, 1897, pp.
145-146.
A new subspecies of Bald Eagle, Halicetvs
leucocephalus ala.'scanus, is described from
Unalaska, Alaska.
TRUE, Frederick W. Note on the oc-
currence of an armadillo of the genus
Xenurus in Honduras.
Proc. U. S. ?fat. Mus., xviil, No. 1069, July
8, 1896, pp. 345-347, pis. x, xi.
Notes the occurrence of Xenurus hispidus
Burm., in Honduras, and describes the skin
and skull in detail; also points out the proba-
ble identity with this species of A', latii ostris
and Zipliila lugubris. Figures of the mounted
skin and skull accompanv the article.
A revision of the American moles.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Miis., xix. No. 1101, Dec.
21, 1896, pp. 1-112, pis. I-IV, figs. 1-44.
Tills monograph deals with the family Tal-
pidffi, and the characters and geographical dis-
tribution of the several American forms are
discussed in detail.
A new species, Scapanus orarius True, is
described.
UHLER, Philip R. Summary of the He-
miptera of Japan, presented to the
United States National Museum by Pro-
fessor Mitsukuri.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xix. No. 1108, Dec.
30, 1896, pp. 255-297.
Reports on one hundred and thirty-two spe-
cies of Hemiptera (Heteroptera and Homop-
tera) from Japan, presented by Professor Mit-
sukuri. Five new genera and forty-six new
species are described.
WALCOTT, Charles DooLiTTLE. Fossil
Jelly fishes from the Middle Cambrian
terrane.
Proc. V. S. Nat. Mus., XVlll, No. 1086, Aug.
12, 1896, pp. 611-614, pis, xxxi, xxxii.
The new genera Brooksella and Laotira are
defined, in addition to tlie new species i?. aZfcr-
nata, B. confusa and L. cambrta.
Note on the genus Lingulepis.
Am. Jovrn. Sci., in, 1897, pp. 404-405.
NAT MUS 97 14
WHITE, David. Age of the Lower coals
of Henry County, Missouri.
Bull. Geol. Hoc. Avi., vui, 1897, pp. 287-304.
Concludes that the Lower Coals of Henry
county, Missouri, in geological age are "prob-
ably not very far from the Lower Kittaniup
coal of tlie bituminous sections and ^•ery near
to coal D of the Northern Anthracite region."
WILSOrs, Thomas. Piney Branch(D. C.)
quarry workshop and its implements.
Naturalist, xxx. No. 859, Nov., 1896, pp.
873-885, pis. Xix, XX, flgs. 1-5; No. 360.
Dec, 1896, pp. 976-992, pis. xxiii-xxvil.
Antiquity of the Red Man.
Popular Science News, xxxi, No. 2, Feb.,
1897, pp. 35-36 ; No. 3, March, 1897, p. 60.
Classification of arrow and spear-
heads or knives.
Antiquarian, i, pt. 6, June, 1897, pp. 145-
151, flgs. 1-23.
These weapons or implements are divided
into tlie following classes : (i) Leaf-shaped im-
plements, (II) Triangular implements, (ill)
Stemmed, shouldered and barbed implements,
(IV) Peculiar forms.
The Swastika, the earliest known
symbol, and its migrations; with ob-
servations on the migrations of certain
industries in prehistoric times.
Rep. Smithsonian Inst. (TJ. S. Nat.
Mus.), 1894 (1897), pp. 757-1011, pis. 1-25,
flgs. 1-374.
The use, if not the origin, of the Swastika
sign can be traced to prehistoric times, espe-
cially in the Bronze Age in Asia and through-
out Europe. It is not found in Babylon, As-
syria, Chaldea or Egypt. It ajipeared in pre-
historic times among North American savages
and in Central and South America, and is con-
tinued in the eastern regions of the Orient
in modern times. It is used among the
Buddhists as a holy sign, but is believed to
have been generally a sign of good luck, hap-
piness, long life. The question of its migra-
tion is argued, and signs and industries of the
different countries are compared.
Golden Patera of Rennes.
Pep. Smithsonian Inst. (U. S. Nat. Mus.),
1894 (1897), I'p. 009-017, plate and figure.
Describes tlie find at Eennes of this Koman
relic belonging to the fourth or fifth century,
A. D. Tlie paper is based upon a cast iu the
National Museum.
210 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
LIST OF AUTHORS-.
Adler, Cyrus, Smithsonian Institution.
Allen, Harrison. (Deceased.)
American Ornithologists' Union, New York City.
Anthony, A. W., San Diego, Cal.
AsHMEAD, William H., U. S. National Museum.
Baker, E. G., British Museum, London, England.
Bartsch, Paul, U. S. National Museum.
Bean, Barton A., U. S. National Museum.
Bean, Tarleton H., New York Aquarium, Battery Park, New York City.
Beck, R. H., Berryessa, Cal.
Bendire, Maj. Charles. (Deceased.)
Benedict, James E., U. S. National Museum.
Bergh, Rudolph, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Casanowicz, I. M., U. S. National Museum.
Chittenden, Frank H., Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
CoGNiAUx, Alfred, Verviers, Belgium.
COQUiLLETT, Daniel W., Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
CouES, Elliott, Washington, D. C.
Coulter, John M., President, University of Indiana, Bloomington, Ind.
CoviLLE, Frederick V., Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
Cox, Ulysses O., State Normal School, Mankato, Minn.
Cramer, Frank, Palo Alto, Cal.
CuLiN, Stewart, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.
Dall, William H., U. S. Geological Survey, Washington, D. C.
Dewey, Lyster H., Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
DwiGHT, Jonathan, New York City.
EiCHOFF, William, Strassburg, Germany.
Evp:rmann, Barton W., U. S. Fish Commission, Washington, D. C.
Fewkes, J. Walter, Bureau of Ethnology, Washington, D. C.
FiGGiNS, J. D., Washington, D. C.
Gilbert, Charles H., Leland Stanford Junior University, Stanford University, Cal,
GooDE, George Brown. (Deceased.)
GuPPY, R. J. Lechmere, Port of Spain, Trinidad, West Indies.
Hassall, Albert, Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
Hemsley, W. BOTTING. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England.
Hitchcock, A. S., Manhattan, Kans.
Holland, W. J., Chancellor, Western University of Pennsylvania, Allegheny, Pa.
Hough, Walter, U. S. National Museum.
Howard, Leland O., Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
Jordan, David Starr, President, Leland Stanford Junior University, Stanford
University. Cal.
Judd, Sylvester D., Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
JUDSON, W. B., Highland Park, Cal.
Kendall, W. C, U. S. Fish Commission, Washington, D. C.
Knowlton, Frank H., U. S. Geological Survey, Washington, D. C.
Lano, Albert, Aitkin, Minn.
Leiberc;, John B., Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
Linell, Martin L. (Deceased.)
Lonnberg, Einar, Upsala, Sweden.
Lucas, Frederic A., U. S. National Museum.
McGuiUE, J. D., Ellicott City, Md.
McNeill, Jerome, Arkansas Industrial University, Fayetteville, Ark.
Maklatt, C. L., Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 211
Mason, Otis T., U. S. National Museum.
Mearns, Edgar A., U. S. Army.
Merrill, George P., U. S. National ^Museum.
MURBACH, LOL'IS, Detroit, Mich.
Nelson, E. W., Department of Agricultm-e, Washington, D. C.
Oberholser, Harry C, Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
PiLSBRY, Henry A., Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pa.
Pollard, Charles L., U. S. National Museum.
Powers, William L., Gardiner, Me.
Price, William W., Stanford Tniversity, Cal.
PURDY, James B., Plymouth, Wayne County, Mich.
Rathbun, Mary J., U. S. National Museum.
Richardson, Harriet, U. S. National Museum.
Richmond, Charles W., U. S. National Museum.
h'lDGWAY, RoisERT, U. S. National Museum.
Robinson, Lieut. Wirt, U. S. Army.
Rose, Joseph N., U. S. National ^luseum.
Satoh, H., Tokyo, Japan.
ScHiCHERT, Charles, U. S. National Museum.
Schwarz, E. a.. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
ScuDDER, Samuel H., Cambridge, Mass.
Simpson, Charles T., U. S. National Museum.
Smith, Hugh M., U. S. Fish Commission, Washington, D. C.
Stanton, Timothy AV., U. S. Geological Survey, Washington, D. C.
Stearns, Robert E. C, Los Angeles, Cal.
Ste.jneger, Leonhard, U. S. National iluseura.
Stiles, C. W., Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
Stone, Witmer, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pa.
Tanner, Comnuinder Z. L., U. S. Navy.
TowNsEND, Charles H., U. S. Fish Commission, Washington, D. C.
True, Frederick W., U. S. National Museum.
Uhler, Philip R., Baltimore, Md.
Walcott, Charles D., Director, U. S. Geological Survey, Washington, I). C.
White, David, U. S. Geological Survey, Washington, D. C.
Wilson, Thomas, U, S. National Museum.
APPENDIX V.
Papers Published in Separate Form Dukinct the Year Ending
June 30, 1897.
from the report for 1894.
Report upou the condition and progress of the U. S. National Mnseum during the
year ending June 30, 1894. By G. Brown Goode. pp. 1-233.
Primitive travel and transportation. By Otis Tufton Mason, pp. 237-593, pis. 1-25,
figs. 1-260.
Manrala : The national game of Africa. By Stewart Culin. pp. 595-607, pis. 1-5,
figs. 1-15.
The golden patera of Renues. By Thomas Wilson, pp. 609-617, ])1. 1, fig. 1.
Thf wooden statue of Barou li Kamou-no-Kami Naosuko, pioneer diplomat of .Japan.
Translation, by H. Satoh, of the label accomijanying the statue, pp.
619-622, pi. 1.
A study of the primitive methods of drilliug. By J. D. McGuire. pp. 623-756,
figs. 1-201.
The Swastika. Bj' Thomas Wilson, pp. 757-1011, pis. 1-25, figs. 1-374.
FROM VOLUME 18, PROCEEDINGS OF THE U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM.
No. 1069. Note on the occurrence of an armadillo of the genus Xeniiriis in Honduras.
]5y Frederick W. True. pp. 345-347, pis. x, xi.
No. 1070. The genus CaUinectes. By Mary .1. Rathbun. pp. 349-375, pis. xii-xxviii.
No. 1071. Descriptions of two new species of fresh water crabs from Costa Rica. By
Mary J. Rathbuu. pp. 377-379. pis. xxix. xxx, figs. 1-3.
No. 1083. Catalogue of a collection of birds nmde by Dr. W. L. Abbott in Eastern
Turkestan, the Thiau-Shau Monutains, and Tagdumbash Pamir, Central
Asia, with notes on some of the species. By Charles W. Richmond,
pp. 569-591.
No. 1084. Descriiitions of three species of sand fleas (Amphipods) collected at New-
port, Rhode Island. By Sylvester D. Judd. pp. 593-603, figs. 1-11.
No. 1085. Remarks on the syuonymj" of some North American Scolytid Beetles. By
William Eichhoft\ pp. 605-610.
No. 1086. Fossil Jelly Fishes from the Middle Cambrian terraue. By Charles D.
Walcott. pp. 611-614, pis. xxxi, xxxii.
No. 10^7. Preliminary descriptions of a new genus and three new species of crusta-
ceans from an artesian well at San Marcos, Texas. By James E. Benedict,
pp. 615-617.
No. 1088. Description of a new genus and species of blind tailed batrachiau from the
subterranean waters of Texas. By Leouhard Stejnegcr. pp. 619-621.
No. 1089. Description of a new Stickleback, (lasUrosteus (/ladiuncultts, from the coast
of Maine. By W. C. Kendall, pp. 623-624.
No. 1090. Description of a new species of Ant Thrush from Nicaragua. By Charles W.
Richmond, pp. 625-626.
No. 1091. Partial list of birds ccdlected at Alta Mira, Mexico, by Mr. Frank B. Arm-
strong. By Charles W. Riclimond. pp. 627-632.
213
214 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
No. 1092. On some reared parasitic Hymeuopterous insects from Ceylon. By L. O.
Howard and William H. Aslimead. pj). 633-648.
No. 1093. An annotated list of birds observed on the Island of Margarita and at
Quanta and Lnguayra, Venezuela. I?y Lieut. Wirt Rol>iuson, V. 8. A.
[With critical notes and descriptions of new species by Cliarles W.
Richmond.] pp. 649-685, pi. xxxiii.
No. 1094. List of Coleoptcra collected on the Tana River, and on the Jomb<5ne Range,
East Africa, by Mr. William Astor Chanler and Lieutenant Ludwig A^on
Htihuel, with dcscrijitious of new genera and species. By Maitin L.
Linell. pp. 687-716.
No. 1095. Contributions to the natural history of the Conmiander Idands. XI. —
The cranium of Pallas's Cormorant. By Frederic A. Lucas, pp. 717-
719, pis. xxxiv, XXXV.
No. 1096. New species of North American Coleoptera of the family Scarabicidic By
Martin L. Linell. pp. 721-731.
No. 1097. Observations on the development and migration of the urticating organs
of Sea Nettles, Cnidaria. By Louis Murbach. pp. 733-740.
No. 1098. List of the Lepidoptera collected iu East Africa, 1894, by Mr. William
Astor Chanler and Lieutenant Ludwig von Hohnel. By W, J. Holland.
pp. 741-767.
No. 1099. Notes on the A'ampire Bat (IMphylla eciv.uJata), witli special reference to
its relationships with Desmodtis rufas. By Harrison Allen, pp. 769-777,
figs. 1-6.
No. 1100. Description of a new species of Bat of the genus Glossophaga. By Harrison
Allen, pp. 779-781.
FROM VOLUME 19, PROCEEDINGS OF THE U. >S. NATIONAL MUSEUM.
No. 1101. A revisicm of the American moles. By Frederick W. True. pp. 1-112, pis.
i-iA', figs. 1-44.
No. 1102. Descriptions of new cynipidous galls and gall-wasps iu the United States
National Museum. By William H. Ashmead. pp. 113-136.
No. 1103. Preliminary diagnoses of new mammals from the Mexican border of the
United States. By Edgar A. Mearns, U. S. A. pp. 137-140.
No. 1104. Description of a new genus and four new species of crabs from the West
Indies. By Mary J. Rathbuu. pp. 141-144.
No. 1105. A revision of the adult tapeworms of hares and rabbits. By Charles War-
dell Stiles, pp. 145-235, pis. v-xxv.
No. 1106. Contributions to the natural history of the Commander Islands. XII—
Fishes collected at Bering and Copper Islands by N. A. Grebnitski and
Leouhard Stejneger. By Tarleton H. Bean and Barton A. Bean. pp.
237-251.
No. 1107. Is the Florida Box Tortoise a distinct species? By Eiuar Lonnberg. pp.
253-254.
No. 1108. Summary of the Hemiptera of Japan, presented to the United States
National Museum by Professor Mitsukuri. By Philip R. Uhler. pp.
255-297.
No. 1109. On the genus Uemondia Gabb, a group of Cretaceous l)ivalve molliisks.
By Timothy W. Stanton, pp. 299-301, pi. xxvi.
No. 1110. Descriptions of Tertiary fossils from the Antillcan Region. By R. J. Lech-
mere Guppy, and William Healey Dall. pp. 303-331, pis. xxvii-xxx.
No 1111. Report on the mollusks collected by the International Boundary Commis-
sion of the United States and Mexico, 1892-1894. By William Healey
Dall. pp. 333-379, pis. xxxi-xxxiii.
No. 1112. Notes on fishes collected in Kamchatka and .lapan by Leonhard Stejneger
and N. A. Grebnitski, with a descri])tion of a now Blenny. By Tarleton
H. Bean and Barton A. Beau. ])p. 381-392, pis. xxxiv, xxxv.
PAPERS PUBLISHED AS SEPARATES, 1897. 215
No. 1113. Descriptions of new species of North American Coleoptera in the families
C'erambycida; and Scarahanda'. Bj' Martin L. Linell. pp. 393-401.
No. 1114. Report on the fishes dredged in deep water near the Hawaiian Islands,
with descriptions and figures of twenty-three new sx)ecies. By Charles
Henry Gilbert, and Frank Cramer, pp. 403-435, pis. xxxvi-XLViii.
No. 1115. Descriptions of twenty-two new species of fishes collected by the steamer
Albatross, of the United States Fish Commission. By Charles Henry
Gilbert, pp. 437-157, pis. xlix-lv, tigs. 1-7.
Ni). 1116. Birds of the Galapagos Archipelago. By Robert Ridgway. pp. 459-670,
pis. LVI, LVII.
No. 1117. On the fossil Phyllopod genera, DipeUis and T'rotocaris, of th(^ family
Apodidie. By Charles Schuchert. pp. 671-676, \)\. LViii.
No. 1118. Catalogue of a collecticm of birds made liy Doctor W. L, Abbott in Mada-
gascar, with descriptions of three new species. By Charles W. Rich-
mond, pp. 677-694.
No. 1119. On the insects collected by Doctor Abbott on' the Seychelles, Aldabra,
Gloriosa, and Providence Islands, with descriptions of nine new species
of Coleoptera. By Martin L. Linell. pp. 695-706.
FROM VOLUME 20, PROCEEDINGS OF THE U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM.
No. 1126. Preliminary diagnoses of new mammals of the genera Lynx, Urocyon,
SpUorjale, and Mcphiiis, from the Mexican lioundary line. By Dr.
Edgar A. Mearns, U. S. A. pp. [l]-[4]. (Advance edition.)
No. 1127. Description of a new Blenny-likefisli of the genus OpisthucentruH, collected
in Yulcano Bay, Port Morusan, Japan, by N. A. Grebnitski. By Tarleton
H. Bean and Barton A. Bean. p. [1]. (Advance edition.)
No. 1128. Description of a new crustacean of the genus SpliKroma from a warm
spring in New Mexico. By Harriet Richardson, p. [1]. (Advance
edition.)
No. 1129. Preliminary diagnoses of new mammals of the genera MepliHis, DorceJa-
plius, and Dicotyles, from the Mexican border of the United States. By
Dr. Edgar A. Mearns, U. S. A. pp. [13-[4]. (Advance edition.)
No. 1132. Preliminary diagnoses of new mammals of the genera Scliauis, Castor,
Neotoma, and Sigmodou, from the Mexican border of the United States.
By Dr. Edgar A. Mearns, U. S. A. pp. [l]-[4]. (Advance edition.)
APPENDIX VI.
Specimens Sent to the Museum for Examination and Keport.'
The following is a list of the specimens received for exaniin.ition and
rei»ort, arranged alphabetically by the names of the senders, during
the year ending June 30, 1897 :
Academy of Natural Sciexces. Pliila-
delpbia, Pennsylvania, through Wit-
mer Stone: Two specimens of Horned
Owl. (Returned.) 4094 (n).
Aiken, C. E., Colorado Springs, Colo-
rado: Bird-skin. 4352 (31946) (ii).
Aldrich, Charles, Des Moines, Towa:
Archaeological object, transmitted in
behalf of D. T. Stanley. 4243 (32157)
(XIV).
Aldrich, Hon. Truman H., House of
Representatives: Shells; Uuios. (Ke-
turned.) 3952, 4192 (vi).
Allen, Hon. C. E. (See under Rankin,
A.W. )
Allen, Dr. J. A. (See under American
Museum of Natural History.)
Allen, Richard S., Yinitaville, Vir-
ginia: Bird-skin. 3897 (ll).
American Museum of Natural His-
tory, New York City. Transmitted
by Dr. .J. A. Allen : Birds' skins. (Re-
turned.) 4320,4383(11).
Anderson, R. M. , Iowa City, Iowa:
Four sparrows; four birds' skins, con-
sisting of Ammodramus lecontei; Den-
droica hlaclburiiiae, and Dendroica pen-
sylmnica. (Returned.) 3799, 4082 (ii).
Andall, ,J. A., Marble Falls, Texas: Ore.
(Returned.) 3994 (xiii).
Anthony, A. W., San Diego, California:
Birds' skins from Lower California.
(Returned.) 4039, 4066 (ii).
Api'lkgate, Elmer I., Klamath Falls,
Oregon: Eight dried plants. 3953
(31331) (XI).
Archibald, J. F. J., San Francisco, Cali-
fornia: Wax impressions of a scara-
beus. 4437 (xvi).
Arnesex, Bernt, Big Woods, Minnesota,
transmitted by Hon. Knute Nelson:
Mineral. 4324 (xii).
Arnheim, J. S., San Francisco, Cali-
fornia: Land-shells from the Central
Pacific. 4270 (portion returned and
remainder retained, 31884) (vi).
Arnold, Delo.>?, Pasadena, California:
Rock. (Returned.) 4397 (xiii).
Arnold, J. J., Pawling, New York : Sam-
ple of supposed petroleum. (Re-
turned.) 4058 (xiii).
AsiiMUN, Rev. E. H., Albmiucrque, New
Mexico: Land, fresh- water, and marine
shells. (Returned.) 3851, 3979, 4055,
4454 (VI).
Attwater, H. p., San Antonio, Texas:
Eleven birds' skins. 3911 (31114) (ii).
AuRiNGER, Rev. O. C, Troy, New York :
Small leaf-shaped implement 4411;
archaeological objects (returned) ,4441
(XIV).
Bache, Edward, Fort Brown, Texas:
Insect. (Returned.) 3963 (vii).
Bacon, Thomas H., Hannibal, Missouri:
Clay head. (Returned.) 3895 (xiv).
Baker, F.C. (See under Chicago Acad-
emy of Sciences.)
Badger Creek Mines and Land Com-
pany, Cripple Creek, Colorado : Rock.
(Returned.) 4333 (xiii).
' The first number accompanying the entries in the above list is that assigned to
sendings "for examination" on the Museum records. The number in Roman, in
parentheses, indicates the department in the Museum to which the material was
referred for examination and report. The numbers assigned to these departments
have been changed since the last report was published. When material is perma-
nently retained, a number of another series, i. e., the permanent accession record-
number, is placed in parentheses between the two sets of numbers referred to.
217
218
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Bailky, G. W., Nevada, Iowa: Skull of
an Apaclie Indian, and an Indian pot
from a mound in Marshall County.
4028 (XIV).
Bailey, T. P., Springfield, Missouri :
Rock; ore. (Returned.) 3781,3815
(XII, XIII).
Baker, Fhank C, Chicago Academy of
Sciences, Chicago, Illinois: Unios.
(Keturned.) 4103 (vi). (See under
Chicago Academy of Sciences.)
Bakek Uni\ eksity, Baldwin, Kansas,
transmitted hy C. S. Parmenter: In-
sects. 4002 (VII).
Banneh, W. H., York, Pennsylvania:
Two historical war pictures. 4429
(32161) (XVII).
Barbour, E. H., University of Nebraska,
Lincoln, Nebraska: Fossil. (Returned.)
4142 (x-B).
Bardu, N. J., Llano, Texas: Mineral.
(Returned.) 3924 (xii).
Barlow^ Chester, Santa Clara, Califor-
nia: Two birds' skins. (Returned.)
4424 (II).
Barnes, F. P., Baldwiusville, New York :
Piece of a ))one supposed to have been
used for drilling the so-called banner-
stone. (Returned.) 3857 (xiv).
Bash, Mrs. C. B., Canip McKinney,
British Columbia: Plants. 4443 (xi).
Basinger, Jacob W., Columbus Grove,
Ohio: Ore. (Returned.) 4123 (xiii).
Batchelder, C. F., Boston, Massachu-
setts: Three birds' skins. (Returned.)
4328 (II).
Baxter, R. T., Fishkill, New York : Fun-
gus. 3879 (XI).
Beach, William, Superior, Montana:
Ore. (Returned.) 4250 (xiii).
Bearden, C. C, Jacksonville, Texas:
Grass. (Returned.) 437« (xi).
Beck, R. H., Borryessa, California:
Thirty-five birds' skins. (Returned.)
4449 (II).
Beckner, W. L., Blue River, Oregon:
Mineral. (Returned.) 4218 (xii).
Beer, William, New Orleans, Louisiana:
Wooden carving representing a liumaii
head. (Returned.) 4077 (xiv).
Bemis, Henry A., Cooperstown, North
Dakota: Portion of a water-sack con-
taining parasites. 4195 (viii-A).
Bendire, Maj. Charles. (See under
Judson, W, B.)
Bensinger, J. G., Wadsworth, Illinois:
Ore. (Returned.) .3978 (xiii).
Benson, S. W., Kelseyville, California:
Supposed meteoric stone. 4132 (31551)
(XII).
Betts, William C, Essex Fells, New
Jersey: Stone club or pestle. (Re-
turned.) 4476 (xiv).
Beyer, G., New York City: Coleopteia.
(Returned.) 4248 (vii).
Biederman, C. R., Central Point, Ore-
gon, and also McMillan, New Mexico:
Rock; sample of white metal. (Re-
turned.) 3998, 4211 (xiii).
Binner, Oscar E., Chicago^ Illinois:
Original water-color drawings of fruits
of India. (Returned.) 3948 (xi).
Bishop, Dr. L. B., New Haven, Connecti-
cut : Birds' skins and birds' eggs. (Re-
turned.) 4366, 4445, 4446 (ii).
Blackford, Dr. C. M., jr., Atlanta, Geor-
gia: Clay. (Returned.) 4490 (xii).
Blair, E. S., Helena, Montana: Tooth of
a mammal. (Returned.) 3844 (i).
Bloomis, O. B., Havrisburg, Arizona:
Ore. (Returned.) 4401 (xiii).
BOLEN, G. R., Madison, Indiana: Aero-
lite. (Returned.) 4130 (xii).
Boscoe, J. F., Hembrie, Texas: Flower
aud leaf of a plant. 3811 (xi).
BouLDiN, Powhatan, Danville, Vir-
ginia: Fairy- stones. (Ret ii rued.)
4101 (XII).
Bowles, Rev. A. C, Gloucester, Massa-
chusetts: Branch of a tree. 3855 (xi).
Bowling, R. T., Navajoe, Oklahoma.
Ore. (Returned.) 4134 (xiii).
Boyd, C. R., Wytheville, Virginia: Sup-
posed manganese crystal. 3847 (xiii).
Bracken, A. H., Hensley, North Caro-
lina: Ores. (Returned.) 3876, 3918
(XIII).
Braendle, Fred. J., Washington, Dis-
trict of Columbia : Plant. 39.50 (xi).
Braithwaite, Eliza C, Jacksondale,
Virginia: Insect. (Returned.) 3873
(VII).
Breatiiwit, J. L., Ogemaw, Arkansas:
Clay. (Returned.) 4139 (xiii).
Brexinger, G. F., Enterprise, California :
Two birds' skms; bird -skin. 4023
(returned); 4102 (31463) (ii).
15ri;wster, William, Cambridge, Massa-
cliusetts: Birds' skins. (Returned.)
4180,4294,4322,4408(11).
EXAMINATION AND REPORT.
219
Bridwell, Arthur, Baldwin, Kansas:
Upper Carboniferous fossils. (Ke-
turued.) 3909 (x-h).
Bridges, Dr. T. M., Fort Hall Indian
Agency, Blackfoot, Idaho: Worm.
3786 (viii-A).
BiilGGS, A. A., Clear Lake, AYisconsiu:
Plants. 3904 (31141) ; 3967 ; 3973 (31332)
(XI).
Brigiitman, S. a., Sullivan, Kentucky:
Minerals. (Returned.) 4161, 4291
(XII).
BiMMLEY, H. H. and C. S., Raleigli, North
Carolina: Birds' skins; turtles and
snake; snake; snakes; lizard. 3780,
3791 (returned); 4138 (31546); 4351,
4362, 4400 (returned), (ii, iv.)
British Museum, London, England:
Transmi'ted by Osbert 8alvin. Six
o^yls. 4374 (ii).
BRnn"ON, Dr. N. L., Columbia College,
New York City : Herbarium specimens.
(Returned.) 3848 (xi).
Brodnax, Dr. B. H., Brodnax, Louisiana:
Fungi; wood covered with fungus.
3845; 3915 (31149); 3997 (xx).
Bromley, Mrs., Washington, District of
Columbia; Ore. (Returned.) 4004
(XII).
Brooke, Mrs. J. M., Fredericksburg, Vir-
ginia: Unio. (Returned.) 4075 (vi).
Brouillette, Bernard, Vincennes, In-
diana: Stone. (Returned.) 4340 (xn).
Browx, Herbert, Tucson, Arizona : In-
sect. (Returned.) 3833 (vii).
Brown, M. J., Mineral Wells, Texas:
Coppercoin. (Returned.) 4197 (xvii).
Brown, W. F., Joseph, Utah : Ore. 3812
(XIII).
Brown, Dr. Walter, Hamilton, Ohio:
Worms. 4020 (viii-a).
Bryant, W. H., Bryantsville, Indiana:
Mineral; ore. (Returned.) 4062,4164
(XII, XIII).
BucHWALD,P. R., Vienna, Virginia: Ore.
(Returned.) 4411 (xiii).
Buckley, J. A., Deckertown, New Jer-
sey: Ore. (Returned.) 4220 (xiii).
Buffat, E. F., Knoxville, Tennessee:
Ore. (Returned.) 4017 (xiii).
Burks, W. S., Pittsburg, Texas : Rock.
(Returned.) 4179 (xiii).
BuRLiNGAME, G. W., Chepachet, Rhode
Island: Mosses. (Returned.) 4143
(XI).
Burr, E. E., Northport, Washington :
Ore. 4140 (xixi).
BuRTCH, Verdi, Penn Yan, New York:
Fresh-water shells; Unionidie. 4408
(portion returned and remainder re-
tained, 31242); 4078 (returned); 4163
(portion returned and remainder re-
tained, 31574) ; 4209 (portion returned
and remainder retained, 31669). (vi.)
Bush, B. F., Courtney, Missouri: Land
and fresh-w'ater shells. 4088 (portion
returned and remainder retained,
31429); 4177 (returned), (vi.)
Butler, J. D., Trout, West Virginia:
Mineral. (Returned.) 4215 (xii).
Butler, Hon. Marian. (See under Met-
calf, W. W.)
Buzzard, S. S., Berkeley Springs, West
^'irginia: Specimen of maple wood.
4118 (XVII).
BuzzERD, A. C, Virginia City, Montana:
Ore. (Returned.) 4462 (xiii).
California Academy of Sciences, San
Francisco, California, transmitted by
L. M. Loomis: Birds' skins. Trans-
mitted by Dr. J. G. Cooper, land,
fre.sh-water, and marine shells. 3938
(returned) ; 4087 (portion returned
and remainder retained in exchange,
31198); 4370 (portion returned and
remainder retained, 32032). (ii, vi.)
Calkins Raymox, Milford, Michigan:
Piece of supposed petrified wood ; stone
relics. (Returned.) 3901 (x-B, xiv).
Carbolineum Wood-Preserving Com-
pany, New York City: Piece of wood
from Palatka, Florida, eaten by an
insect. (Returned.) 3801 (viii).
Carey, N. H., Providence, Rhode Island:
Land and marine shells. (Returned.)
3984; 3988 (vi.)
Carman, A. J., Ocala, Florida: Plants.
(Returned.) 39.56 (xi).
Carh, T. F., Ezel, Kentucky : Ores.
(Returned.) 4237; 4331 (xiii. xii).
Case, A. R., West Simsbury, Connecti-
cut: Chrysalis of a butterfly. (Re-
turned.) 3936 (VII).
Caton, G.T., Sutton, Tennessee: Rocks.
(Returned.) 3881 (xiii).
Champion, W. R., Hazel Green, Wis-
consin: Galena from Wisconsin and
Illinois; archnological object. 4451
(32273); 4299 (returned). (xiu,xiv.)
220
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897
Chase, Dr. A. G., Millwood, Kansas:
Skin of supposed petrified shark;
Indian arrow-head. 3880 (V, xiv).
Chicago Academy of Sciences, Chi-
cago, Illinois, transmitted by Frank C.
Baker : Shells. 3829 (portion returned
and remainder retained, 30929); 4316
(portion returned and remainder
retained, 31956). (vi.)
Chkistian, Isaac E., Oceana, West Vir-
ginia: Iron nail found embedded in a
piece of coal, and a piece of the coal.
4337 (iron nail returned) (xiii).
Christoffersen, Millard, Teardale,
Utah: Stone. (Returned.) 3885 (xiii).
Christy, Thomas, & Co., Loudon, Eng-
land: Bark and seeds from California
and other sections of the United States.
3993 (XVII).
Clark, F. H., Salt Lake City, Utah : Sup-
posed coal. (Returned.) 4371 (xiii).
Cleveland, W. H., Mauomet, Massachu-
setts: Eggcasesof i^«i(/Hr. (Returned.)
4187 (VI).
Cole, J. L., Manomet, Massachusetts:
Marine invertebrates. 4104 (viii).
Coleman, A. P., Toronto, Ontario, Can-
ada: Interglacial fossil shells. 4432
(32145) (VI).
COLLEY, J. W., Little Rock, Arkansas:
Mineral. (Returned.) 3941 (xii).
COLSON, J. M., Petersburg, Virginia:
Shell; plant. 3804(vi, xi).
Combs, J., Hinton, West Virginia : Ores,
minerals. (Returned.) 4005,4234,4255,
4265 (XIII, xii).
Comstock, Prof. J. H. (See under Cor-
nell University.)
Conner, Daniel, San Pedro, California:
Ore. (Returned.) 4202 (xiii).
CoNYER, Thomas, Cotton Town, Tennes-
see: Ore. (Returned.) 4406 (xiii).
Cook, Prof. O. F., U. S. National Museum:
Land shells from Liberia. 3906 (por-
tion returned and remainder retained,
31093). (VI.)
Cooke, W. H., Fort Collins, Colorado:
Bird skin. (Returned.) 4315 (ii).
Cooper, C. A., Silverton, Colorado:
Minerals. 40.37 (xii).
Cooper, J. (J. (See under California
Academy of Sciences.)
Cooper, M. F., Await, Tennessee: Ore.
(Returned.) 3869 (xiii).
Copley, Eugene, Denton, Texas: Two
birds' skins. (Returned.) 4267 (u).
Corcoran, Mrs. Thomas, Alexandria,
Indiana: Mineral. (Returned.) 4455
(XII).
CORDER, J. E., Pearce, Arizona: Ore.
(Returned.) 4313 (xiii).
CORDi.EY, A. B. (See under Oregon State
Agricultural College.)
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York,
transmitted by Prof. J. H. Comstock:
Mollusks; marine invertebrates. 4262
(VI, viii).
CouRCiER, Loi'is, Nicely, Oklahoma:
Human skull aud pieces of rock re-
sembling petrified bone. 4068 (Re-
turned.) (xiv).
COUPER, E. F., Azalia, Michigan: In-
sects. 3809 (VII).
Courtney, C. W., Doniphan, Idaho:
Suljstance resembling chalk. 4457
(XIII).
C. H. CowDREY Machine Works,
Fitchburg, Massachusetts: Sjiecimen
of wood. 4169 (31687) (xvii).
Cranford, W. H. H., Navajoe, Okla-
homa: Ore. (Returned.) 4025 (xni).
Daiiler, C. L., Helena, Montana: Min-
eral. 3854 (XII).
Daniels, L. E., Laporte, Indiana: Land
aud fresh-water shells. 4129 (portion
returned and remainder retained,
31592). (VI.)
Davie, Oliver, Columbus, Ohio: Bird
skin. (Returned.) 4302 (ii).
Davis Brothers, Diamond, Ohio:
Broken valve of a fossil. (Returned.)
4052 (VI).
Davis, H. N., Providence, Rhode Island:
Specimens of colcoptera. (Returned.)
4042,4207,4232 (vii).
Dayton, Hon. A. G., House of Repre-
sentatives: Mineral. (Returned.) 4448
(XIII).
Dennison, G. W., Smith's Island, AVash-
ington: Bird's egg. (Returned.) 4438
(II).
Dexter, George, Little Hocking, Ohio :
Carved stone pipe from West Virginia.
(Returned.) 3959 (xiv).
Deyrolle, E. (sons), Paris, France:
Bird of paradise. (Returned.) 4387
(II).
Dickinson, T. A. (See under Worcester
Society of Antiquity.)
DiLLARD, Dr. Richard, Edenton, North
Carolina : Mushrooms. 3989 (xi).
EXAMINATION AND REPORT.
221
DiLTZ, J. M., Council Blnfl's, Iowa : Three
specimens of minerals. (Returned.)
402-i (XII).
DiMMiCK, George, Yorkville, Michigan:
Moth. (Returned.) 4453 (vii).
DiPPiK, G. F., Toronto, Ontario, Canada:
Bird skin. (Returned.) 4040 (ii).
Donovan, S. O., Salt Lake City, Utah:
Rock. (Returned.) 4160 (xiii).
Drake, C. F., Weiser, Idaho: Ore. (Re-
turned.) 4071 (xiii).
Drake, C. M., Tacoma, Washington : Six
starfishes. (Returned.) 4019 (viii).
Drake, Mrs. C. M., Tacoma, Washing-
ton: Shells. 4173 (32312) (vi).
Drowne, F. p., Providence, Rhode Is-
land: Forty-four specimens of coleop-
tera. (Returned.) 3870 (vii).
DuERDEN, .J. E. (See under Jamaica, In-
stitute of.)
DiNBEKGER, H., Stewaitsville, Indiana:
Supposed fossil tooth of a mammal.
(Returned.) 3990 (ix.)
Dinning, E. H., Salt Lake City, Utah:
Mineral. (Returned.) 3871 (xii).
Dlvall, J. C, Bunker Hill, Kansas:
Mineral. (Returned.) 4146 (xii).
DwiGHT, Dr. Jonathan, jr.. New York
City: Bird skin. (Returned.) 4125
(II.)
Eagle, Seth, Powersville, Missouri :
Ore. (Returned.) 4148 (xiii.)
Eckart, Miss E., San Francisco, Cali-
fornia: Substance resembling lime.
(Returned.) 4100 (xiii).
Elgin, Walter, Buffalo, Wyoming:
Rocks. (Returned.) 4175 (xiii).
Engelke, H. N., Danville, Virginia:
Caterpillars. (Returned.) 3900 (vii.)
English, Ernest, Rhinecliff, New York :
Wax impression of an old coin. (Re-
turned.) 4001 (XVII).
Evans, S. B., Ottumwa, Iowa: Small
brass nut, aud a piece of bituminous
coal in which it was embedded. (Re-
turned.) 4395 (xiv).
Everett, J. J., National Military Home,
Kansas: Clover seed. 4468 (32723)
(XI).
Evrard, I. N., Greenfield, Missouri : In-
sect. (Returned.) 4472 (vii).
Fahnstock, A. L., Gladford, Illinois : Ar-
chiEological objects. (Returned.) 4208
(XIV).
Fallin, B. F., Myrtle Creek, Oregon:
Mineral. (Returned.) 4444 (xii).
Farmer, A. M., Clinton, Massachusetts:
Set of birds' eggs and a hawk. (Re-
turned.) 4083 (II).
Faulkner, Harry, Denver, Idaho:
Rock. (Returned.) 4229 (xiii).
Fearnlev, John, Monroe, Louisiana.
Insect. (Returned.) 4456 vvii).
Felter, p. S., Alberene, Virginia: Sup-
posed meteorite, (Returned.) 4398
(XII).
Ferguson, W. F., Walker, Arizona: Min-
eral. (Returned.) 4149 (xii).
Field Columbian Museum, Chicago,
Illinois: Bird skin; plants. (Re-
turned.) 4261, 4466 (ii-xi).
Filer, W. B., New York City : Four mam-
mal skins from Efulen, Cameroons
Mountains, West Africa; 60 birds'
skins from the same locality. 4477
(32298) (I, II).
Fish Commission, U. S. : River shrimp
from North Carolina ; ovaries and stom-
ach contents of fur-seal. 4056 (31387),
4085 (viii; ix).
Fisher, A. W., Brooklyn, Michigan : Bee-
tle. (Returned.) 4345 (vii).
Fisher, W^. H., Baltimore, Maryland:
Stone implements. (Returned.) 4205
(XIV).
Fleming, J. H., Toronto, Ontario, Can-
ada: Birds' skins. 3896 (portion re-
turned and remainder retained, 31097) ;
4181 (returned), (ii.)
Fletcher, W. A., Rhodelia, Tennessee:
Mineral. (Returned.) 3787 (xii).
Flewellen, E. a., The Rock, Georgia:
Eggs of an insect.. 4288 (vii).
FoLSOM, J. F., Rock Mills, Alabama : Ore.
4128 (XIII).
FoRO, Alfred, Wallsburg, Utah: Hair
ball. (Returned.) 4341 (ix).
Ford, G. B., Lore City, Ohio: Ore. (Re-
turned.) 4257 (xiii).
FoRTSON, Dr. J. R., Kiowa, Indian Terri-
tory : Mineral. (Returned.) 4384(xii).
Foster., G. H., Baker City, Oregon:
Geological material. (Returned.)
3792 (XIII).
Fowler, Robert, Omro, Wisconsin:
Copper implement. (Returned.) 4244
(XIV).
France, W. N., Ashland, Ohio: Rock.
(Returned.) 4440 (xiii).
Frank, J. S., Chester, Ohio: Bone of a
fish. (Returned.) 4072 (v).
222
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897,
Frkderickson, C. G., Riish Point, Min-
uesotii: Miuertils. (Returned.) 3789
(XII).
Fkeeman, I). N., Ciirdington, Ohio:
Larva of a u insect. (Returned.) 3836
(VII).
Freeman, J. R., Washington, District
of Columbia: Fungus. 3931 (xi).
Frey & Hill, Sacramento, California:
Rock. (Returned.) 3860 (xiii).
Friel, Joseph, Victoria, Kentucky:
Larva of au insect. (Returned.) 3884
(VII).
Friend, E. N., Gloucester, Massachu-
setts: Moth. (Returned.) 4447 (vii).
Friekson, Lorraine S., Frierson's Mill,
Louisiana: Uuionidie from Louisiana
and Virginia. 3842 (returned); 3933
(portion returned and remainder re-
tained, 31127); 4051 (returned); 4193
(portion returned and remainder re-
tained, 31640); 4280 (portion returned
and remainder retained, 31833) ; 4452
(returned), (vi.)
Fhoiiman, Edward, Coluinbus, Indiana:
Fishbone. (Returned.) 4355 (v).
Frost, Ray, Kockerville, South Dakota:
Ore. (Returned.) 4154 (xiii).
Garlington, S. D., Laureus, South Car-
olina: Minerals. (Returned.) 4213
(XII).
Gay, Miss Agatha, Staunton, Virginia:
Plaut. 3790 (XI).
George, N. H., Rocky Comfort, Arkan-
sas: Copi>er coin. (Returned.) 4412
(XVII).
Gerrard, E., London, England: Ten
Birds of Paradise. (Returned.) 4011
(II).
Getman, Dr. A. A., Chaumont, Now
York : Fragment of a bowlder. 4022
(XIII).
Gillette, Mrs. Irene H., Buncombe,
Wisconsin: Geological material; fos-
sils; mineral. (Returned.) 4249; 4314
(xiii; x-b; xii).
Gilliam, W. H., Collbran, Colorado:
Ore. (Returned.) 4389 (xiii).
Gilliland, Rev. J. D., Salt Lake City,
Utah: Coin. (Returned.) 4300 (xvii).
Given, J. F., Decatur, Illinois: Photo-
grai)h showing both sides of a metal
medallion, and a medal from the cata-
combs at Rome. 4309, 4388 (xvii).
Goldsmith, I., Duncan, Arizona: Sup-
posed slate or soapstone. (Returned.)
4346 (XIII).
GoODFELLOW, W. B., Navajoe, Oklahoma:
Ore. ■ (Returned.) 4136 (xiii).
Gottschall, A. H., Harrisburg, Pennsyl-
vania: Archicological objects. (Re-
turned.) 4137 (XIV).
Gould, C.N .Winfield, Kansas: Fossils.
(Returned.) 3965 (x-b).
Graham, G. A., Graham, Texas: Copper
coin. (Returned.) 4122 (xvii).
Graham Granite and Marble Works,
Poughkeepsie, New York: Mica. (Re-
turned.) 4014 (xiii).
Gray, Robert, Silver Nails, New York:
Mineral. (Returned.) 4421 (xii).
Greger, D. K., Fulton, Missouri : Plants.
3785 (30884) (xi).
Grinnell, Joseph, Pasadena, California:
Birds' skins. (Returned.) 4091,4145,
4219,4405 (II).
Grogan, J. J., Coal Creek, Colorado : Ore.
(Retuined.) 4131 (xiii).
Grosse, Herman, Paraguay, Republic of
Paraguay. Plants; insects. 4399 (xi,
vii).
GUGLE, James, Dayville, Oregon : Ore.
(Returned.) 4221 (xiii).
Guilford, II. M., Minneapolis, Minne-
sota: Five birds' skins. (Returned.)
4116 (II).
Haines, E. I., New Rochelle, New York:
Bird's egg. (Returned.) 4420 (ii).
Hall, A.sa, Antieville, South Carolina:
Rocks. (Returned.) 4392 (xiii).
Hamilton, J. T., Seattle, Washington:
Rock. (Returned.) 4141 (xiii).
Hamiline University, St Paul, Minne-
sota, transmitted by Prof. H. L.Osborn :
Four hundred and fifty three species
of marine shells from the Philippine
Islands. 3932 (portion returned, and
56 specimens retained, 31123). (vi. )
Hammond, L. F., Rensselaer Falls, New
York: Insect. (Returned) 3810 (vii).
Hardy, Manly, Brewer, Maine: Fish.
3852 (30984) (v).
Harmon, William, Kane, Wyoming:
Three specimens of ores. (Returned.)
3802 (XII).
Harris, G.E,, Cassville, Missouri: Two
specimens of ores. (Returned.) 3867
(xiu).
EXAMINATION AND REPORT.
223
Harris, James, McCook, Nebraska : Rock
and ore. (Returned.) 4135, 418.")
(XIII).
Hartz, W. T.. Fort Bayard, New Mexiio:
Two duck's heads. 4224 (ii).
Harvey, Clara A., Hancock, Maryland:
Geoloj^ical material. (Returned.) 4301
(XIII).
Harvey, Dr. G. W., Kanab, Utah: Coin.
(Returned.) 4415 (xvii).
Hatch, W. A., South Columbia, New
York: Fossil. (Returned.) 4018 (x-n).
Havaxer, J. 15., Jeft'erson, North Caro-
lina: Ore. (Returned.) 4407 (xiii).
Hays, A. P., Portland, Oregon : Brass or
copper buttons found in Indian j;raves
on Vancouver Island. (Returned.)
3975 (XIV).
Hedges, VIenry', Waterville, Washing-
ton : Rocks, minerals. 3922, 4385, 4491
(XIII, XII).
Heileman, Howard, Pho-nix, Arizona:
Black mineral. (Returned.) 4277
(XIV).
Heilman, G. W., Argeuta, Arkansas:
Plant. 4012 (xi).
Heinz, H. J., Pittsburg, Pennsylvania:
Marine invertebrates. (Returned.)
4378 (VIII).
Hendersox, .1. B. Jr., Washington, Dis-
trict of Columbia: ^larine shells from
the Bahamas. (Returned.) 4049 (vi).
Herman, W. W., Boston, Massachusetts:
Shells from Mauritius, Jamaica, and
other localities. 4064 (portion rettxrned
and remainder retained, 31409) (Ai).
Hessler, Robert, Logansport, Indiana.
Herbarium specimens. 4096 (31452)
(XI).
Ketherington, J. P.,Belding, Michigan :
White substance, for polishing gold
and silver. (Returned.) 3828 (xiii).
Heyde, Rev. H. T., Vera Cruz, Mexico:
Birds' skins from Guatemala, Panama,
and Ecuador. 3877 (portion returned,
and remainder retained, 31516) (ii).
Hightower, J. C, Ruidoso, New Mexico :
Root. 4413 (XVII).
Hill, A. S. C, Vergenncs, ^'ermont : Fos-
sils, quartzite implements. (Returned.)
4099 (x-B,xiv).
Hill, H. R., Williamsport, Pennsylvania :
Insects. 4074 (vii).
Hill, R. T., U. S. Geological Survey:
Land shells from .lamaica, also fossil
shells. (Returned.) 4326 (vi).
Hill, Dr. W. S., Augusta, Maine: Crusta-
ceans. (Returned.) 4076 (viii).
I1ill,s, Leslie W., Fort Wayne, Indiana:
Carved stone pipe from Ross County,
Ohio, and a hook-shaped implement
from Unicoi County, Tennessee. (Re-
turned.) 4311 (XIV),
Himes, Charles, Tillamook, Oregon:
Mineral. (Returned.) 4166 (xii).
Hoare, H. p., National Military Home,
Ohio: Vegetable. 4044 (xi).
Hodge, C. W., Bryantsville, Indiana:
Ore. (Returned.) 4241 (xiii).
Holcomb, E.g., Brasher Iron Works, New
York: Stone implement. 4097 (xiv).
Holman, J., Normansville, New York:
Tooth of a mammal. (Returned.) 4469
co-
Holmes, J. H., Se\ ;u Oaks, Florida:
Land and marine shells. (Returned.)
3843,4210 (VI).
Holmes, S. B., Eagle Point, Oregon:
Quartz. (Returned.) 4493 (xii).
Holt, W. D., Holt, Kentucky: Bone of a
fish. (Returned.) 4465 (v).
Hood, S. B., Sparta, Illinois : Geological
material. (Returned.) 4360 (xii).
HoOPES, ,J., West Chester, Pennsylvania:
Birds' skins. (Returned.) 3943,4236,
4375 (II).
Hopkins, L. S., Lynchburg, Ohio: Stone
implement. (Returned.) 3825 (xiv).
Hopkins, Miss Sue, Melbourne, Florida :
Plant. 3926 (xi).
Hotchkiss, Mrs. L. B., Courtland, Ala-
bama : French and Greek Testaments.
(Returned.) 4373 (xvi).
HouRSTON, Joseph, Fort Alexander,
Manitoba: Minerals. (Returned.) 4113
(XII).
Howard, M., Chicago, Illinois: Two
frames containing photographs illus-
trating Buddhism in Ceylon, three
frames containing photographs of na-
tives and scenery in Ceylon, and a frame
containing photographs of scenery in
Ceylon. (Returned.) 4034 (xv, xvi,
XVII).
HUDGIN, W. G., Hinton, West Virginia:
Mineral, ore. (Returned.) 3928, 4069
(XIII).
Hughes, Edward, Stockton, California:
Five curiously-worked pieces of obsid-
ian and a portion of a clay ball found
in an ancient burial place. 4175
(XIV).
224
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Hughes, J.T., Somerset, Kentucky: Milk-
weed silk. 4027 (XI).
Hughes, Ralph, Leavenworth, Wash-
ington: Plant; insect. (Returned.)
4423 (XI, VII).
HURI), E. O., Plainville, Ohio: Plant.
3966 (XI).
HrTCHiNsoN, I. W., Abbeville, South
Carolina: Ore, and monazite after the
reduction of ore. 3894 (xiii).
HcTcniNsoN, Dr.W. F., Winchester, Vir-
ginia: Mammal skin. (Returned.)
4290 (I).
■Hyde, G. L., Springville, Utah: Sup-
posed fire-clay. (Returned.) 4274
(XIII).
LiiMA, I. (See under Science College,
Imperial University, Tokyo, .Japan.)
Imperial National Museum, Uueno
Park, Tokyo, Japan: Birdskin. (Re-
turned.) 4303 (II).
Isbell, A. M., Merle, Texas: Spider. 4203
(VII).
Jamaica, Institute of, Kingston, Jamai-
ca, transmittod by .1. E. Duerden : Two
species of crabs. (Returned.) 4127
(VIII).
Jarvis, P.W., Kingston, Jamaica: Corals
and crabs. 3808 (portion returned,
and remainder retained, 32588). ( viii.)
Jay, R. G., Dexter, Kansas : Supposed
meteorite. (Returned.) 3939 (xii).
Jencks, Mrs. A. H., Buncombe, Wiscon-
sin : Twenty-two specimens of minerals.
(Returned.) 4338 (xii).
Jester, S. D., Wiggs, Arkansas: Two
beetles. (Returned.) 3778 (vii).
Johnson, .1. L., Duffield, Virginia: Fos-
sil shells; archicological objects. 4485
(shells returnod, remainder retained as
an exchange, 32326). (x-b; xiv.)
Johnson, T. K., Guthrie, Oklahoma: In-
sect. (Returned.) 3824 (vii).
Johnson,W. a., Galesburg, Illinois : Four
birds' eggs. (Returned.) 4479 (ii).
Johnston, F. J., New Carlisle, Ohio:
Worm. 4382 (32353) (viii-a).
JONj;s, J. B., Donald, West Virginia:
Ores. (Returned.) 4144 (xiii).
JUDSON, W. B., Highland Park, Califor-
nia, transmitted by Major Bendire:
Humming birds. (Returned.) 3910
(11).
Keanky, W. M., De Soto, Missouri : Herb.
4298 (31845) (xi).
Kearney, J. J., Hclotcs, Texas: Sup-
posed meteorite. (Returned.) 3957(xil).
Kei'eer, C.A. (See under Maloney, Sir
Alfred.)
Keith, E. H., Halleck, California: Min-
eral. (Returned.) 4223 (xii).
Kendall, S. Coy, Deckertown, New Jer-
sey: Minerals. (Returned.) 4098 (xiih
Kenner, J. L., Jr., Peoria, Illinois: In-
sect. 3902 (VII).
Kent Scientific Institute, Grand Rap-
ids, Michigan, transmitted by C. A.
Whittemore: 102 birds' skins from
Guatemala; mammal skin from Hon-
duras. 3794 (returned); 4396 (ii, i). •
Ketcham, Mack, Victor, Indiana:
Specimen resembling clay. (Returned.)
4427 (xiii).
Keyes, Charles R., Mount Vernon,
Iowa: Three birds' skins. (Returned.)
3814 (II).
Kimball, G. N., Waltham, Massachu-
setts: Insects. (Returned.) 4253(vii).
Kindle, E. M., Nevr Haven, Connecti-
cut : Fossil plants from Greenland.
4092 (31529) (x-b).
Kirkland, Dr. R. J., Grand Rapids,
Michigan: Shells. 3827 (portion re-
turned and remainder retained, 31600).
(VI.)
Kirkpatrick, O., Hunt, Idaho: Ore,
(Returned.) 4165 (xiii).
Kirkwood, F C, Baltimore, Maryland:
Birdskin, 3890 (ii).
Kleckner, M. E., Tiffin, Ohio : Crystals.
(Returned.) 4342 (xii).
Klein, Anton, Flagstaff, Arizona: Rock
and clay. . (Returned.) 4194 (xiii).
Knaus, Warren, McPherson, Kansas:
Twenty-two specimens of coleoptera.
(Returned.) 4059 (vii).
Knight, Ora W., Bangor, Maine: Bird
skin. (Returned.) 4158 (ii).
Kogale, J. W., Halfway, Oregon : Insect.
(Returned.) 3862 (vii).
Kohlde, George, Portland, Oregon:
Geological material. (Returned.) 4417
(XIII).
Krueger, p. W., Cleveland, Ohio: In-
sects (portion returned and remainder
retained, 32046). (vii.)
KuEiiN, H. R., Giddings, Texas: Stones,
(Returned.) 4482 (xiii).
KuNziR, Mrs. Helen Kane, Umatilla,
Oregon : Two archaeological objects.
4312 (31875) (xiv).
EXAMINATION AND KEPOKT.
225
KvLK, D. 1'., and Wall, W. W'., PlKriiix,
Arizona: l'icc-(? of siii)poKecl ineteoiic
stone foiiiHl cm Weaver Moiiuta-iu ; Hiip-
posed meteoric stone. (lletiirned.)
3822,3863 (xii).
l.ANCASTKii, .1. 1\., Arcadia, Florida:
Vertebra of a Avhale and other verte-
brate fossils. (X-A.)
LaN(>,Al15EKT, Aitkin, Minnesota: lUrds'
skins. (Uetnriied.) 3^00, -4117 (ii).
La.ssimunnk, S. E., Moulins (Allier)
France: Plants. -1079 (31428) (xi).
Lawrkxck, Frank, Ceuterville, South
Dakota: Insect. (Returned.) 4181
(VII).
liKAK, 11. A., St. Louis, Missouri: Spi(bT.
(Returned.) 3831 (\iij.
Lkauy, J. L., Sau Marcos, Texas: Min-
erals. (Returned.) 44t)7 (xii).
Lee, Joseph, St. Au.<iustine, Florida:
Shell. (Returned.) 4281 (vi).
Lee, Prof. W. T., University of Deuvei-,
University Park, (Colorado : Supposed
fossil reptiles. (Returned.) 4305 (i\).
Lekfi-eu, P. W., Chicago, Illinois: Min-
eraL (Returned.) 4070 (xii).
Lemon, Dr. J. H., New Albany, Indiana:
Insect. (Specimen lost durinn" trans-
portation.) 3821 (vii).
Lewman, William, Henrievillc, Utah:
Geological material; crystal. (Re-
turned.) 3976, 4247 (xiii, xii).
Link, E. S., .lefierson City, Missouri :
Plant. 4435 (xi).
Lip.st'o.MH, J. L., Crockett, Texas : Ster-
nnm of a quadruped, (l^eturned.)
3995 (I).
LisK, Dr. B. F., Connor, Florida: Miner-
als. (Returned.) 3853 (xii).
Litti.e.iohn, C, Redwood City, Califor-
nia: Ten birds' skins and a bird skull
from California. (Returned.) 3986
(II).
Littlepage, G. C, Haubstadt, Indiana:
Mineral. (K'eturncd.) 3877 (xii).
Livingston, L. 0.,New Brighton, Penn-
sylvania: Ore. (h'eturned.) 4015
(XIII).
Locke, W. M., White Salmon, Washing-
ton: Ore. (Returned.) 4225 (xiii).
LooMis, L. M. (see underCalifornia Acad-
emy of Sciences).
LoPTON, H., St. Fraucisville, Louisiana:
Fossilfcoral. (Returned.) 4251 (x-n).
LoiuJEER, E. A., Yallaha, Florida: Stone.
4365 (XIII).
NAT MUS i>7 15
LoKKNsoN. .1. P., Salt Lake City. Utah:
Plants. 4486 (XI).
Lowe, II. N,, I'asadeua, California:
Crabs, star-lishes, andsca-urchins. 1206
(31675) (\-iii).
Lyman, Don, Perry, Oregon. Insect.
(Returned.) 3872 (vii).
Lyon, D. B., Sherman, Tex;is: Caterpil-
lar. 44,sO(vii).
Lyons, J. S., Boyers Ferry, Virginia:
Mineral. (Returned.) 4284 (xii).
Lytle, F. W., Steeple Rock, New Mexico:
Rock. (Returned.) 4414 (xiii).
McBiuoE, William, Doverhill, Indiana:
Ore. (Returned.) 4254 (xiii).
McCauty, J. A., Aldie, Mrginia: Stone.
(Returned.) 4120 (xiii).
McCaskill Bkothehs, Wyoma, IMorida:
Clay and sand. (h'e.turncd.) 3813
(XIII).
McCoumick, I). lJ.,Tylersburg, Pennsyl-
vania. Fragments of rock. 4308
(XIII).
McIliienny, E. a., Averys Island, Lou-
isiana: Three liirds'sli ins. (Returned.)
3927 (II).
McInnis, a. H., Meridian, Mississi]ipi :
Insect. (Returned.) 3964 (vii).
McKiNNE Y, C. S., Las Animas, Colorado :
Mineral. (Returned.) 4279 (xii).
McLucas, J. D., Marion, South Carolina:
Insect. (Returned.) 4307 (vii).
McNeill, Jerome, Arkansas Industrial
University, Fayetteville, Arkansas:
Spider. (Returned.) 4067 (vii).
McPiiAiL, W. H., Moscow, South Caro-
lina: Minerals. (Returned.) 4266
(XII).
Magoon, J. II., Lusk, Wyoming : Portion
of a mastodon's tooth. (Returned.)
4065 (IX).
Mahoney, J. 1)., Duluth, Minnesota:
Supposed meteorite. (Returned.) 4259
(XII).
Manning, T. H., Boise, Idaho : ( )rr. ( Re-
turned.) 4339 (XII).
Mansfield Memorial Museum, Mans-
field, Ohio, transmitted by E. Wilkin-
son: Collection of insects. 4155 (por-
tion returned and remainder retained,
31624) (VII).
MAR<iris, A. A.^ lioscoo, Missouri: Ore.
(Returned.) 4484 (xiu).
Marsh, Prof. O. ('., NeAv 1 la\ en, Connec-
ticut: Types of horn-cores of two fossil
bison. (Returned.) 4216 (x-a).
226
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Mai;81I, W. a., Aledo, llliuois: Uiiios.
•1031 (portion returned and remainder
retained, 31298) ; 4081 (portion returned
and remainder retained, 31410). (VI.)
Maktin, W. W., 8aleni, Oregon: Stone.
(Keturned.) 4334 (xiii).
Maxwell, C. W., Durham, NorLli Caro-
lina: Insect. (Keturned.) 4359(vii).
Maxon, W. R., Oneida, New Yorlv : In-
sect. 3903 (VII).
Maxwkll, Hu(iii, St. George, West Vir-
ginia : Sample of dust obtained by
melting snow. 1272 (31834) (xiii).
Mayo, W. L., West Creek, Colorado:
Sample of sand. (Returned.) 4167
(XllI).
Mkadoi!, J. F., Pb(enix, Arizona: Insect.
3907 (31806) (vii).
Mkauns, Ur. E. A., U. S. A., Fort Myer,
Virginia: Land and fresh-water shells
from the Potomac, New York, and Min-
nesota. 4035 (portion returned and re-
mainder retained, 31342); 4296 (por-
tion returned and remainder retained,
31986) ; 4348 (portion returned and re-
mainder retained, 31986). (vi.)
Mksnacek, G. K., Los Angeles, Cali-
fornia: Ore. (Returnc^d.) 3949 (xiii).
Metcalf, W. W., Paint Gap, North Caro-
lina, transmitted by Hon. Marian But-
ler: Ore. (Returned.) 4191 (xiii).
Miller, J. H., Lowville, New York : Six
birds' skins. (Returned.) 4258 (ii).
Miller, M. M., Seattle, Washington :
Minerals. (Returned.) 3818 (xii).
Mitchell, D. L., Cassville, Missouri: In-
sect. 4431 (VII).
Moloney, Sir Alfred, Belize, British
Honduras, transmitted by Charles A.
Keffer: Fossils from British Honduras;
two geological specimens; ore, 3820
(30933) ; 3893 (one specimen returned) ;
3923 (returned); 3955 (returned) {\i,
xiii).
MoRCO.M, G. Frean, Los Angeles, Cali-
fornia: Fourteen birds' skins. 3985 (ii).
Mohcjan, J. II., Aquone, North Carolina:
Minerals. (Returned.) 4114 (xii).
Moore, Tom, Genoa .Junction, Wiscon-
sin: Two stones. (Returned.) 4112
(XIV).
MooREilEAi), W. K., Columbus, Ohio:
Aboriginal inscription on birch bark.
4238 (XIV).
Morris, L., Hamburg, Illinois: White
and blue suljstance resembling fuller's
earth. (Returned.) 4073 (xiii).
Morrison, J. H., Luray, Virginia: Speci-
men of slate. (Returned.) 4364 (xiii).
MosiER, C. A., Des Moines, Iowa: Bird
skin; iron-pyrito nodule. (Returned.)
3779; 4487 (II, x-i?).
Myer, W. E., Carthage, Tennessee : Sup-
posed fossil bone ; supposed fossil tooth
of a mammal; pieeoof fossil wood ; sup-
posed fossil tooth of a horse. 4450;
4198; 4063; 4475. (i, ix, x-n).
Natural History Society, Montreal,
Canada, transmitte:! by J. B. Williams :
Four birds' skins from Malaysia. (Re-
turned.) 4081 (II).
Negley, J. S., New York City : Clay from
Pennsylvania. (Returned.) 3912 (xiii).
Nelson, E. E., Kettle Falls, Washington:
Rock. (Returned.) 3969 (xiii).
Nelson, Hon. Knute. (See under
Arnesen, Bernt.)
Neville, E. A., Austin, Texas: Birds'
eggs. 4153(31579); 4488 (returned) (ii).
Newton, Prof. Alfred, Magdalene Col-
lege, Cambridge, England: Two birds'
skins from the Seychelles Islands.
(Returned.) 3917 (ii).
NiVEN and IIotmng, New York City:
Mammal skin and skull. 3817 (31012).
(I.)
Nixon, H. B., Marquette, Kansas: Min-
eral. (Returned.) 4170 (xii).
Noerenberg, F., Cascade Springs, South
Dakota: Two specimens of rock. (Re-
turned.) 4361 (xiii).
N6ri)STR()M, G. H., Punxsutawney Penn-
sylvania: Two spiders. 3947(3180"'^
(VII).
NoxON, Alfred, Silvsr Cliff, Colorado:
Samples of rock. (Returned.) 4152
(xiii).
Nye, G. L., Salt Lake City, Utah: Ore.
(Returned.) 4381 (xiii).
O'Neil, J. IL, Roslyn, Washington : Ore.
(Returned.) 3961 (xiii).
Ogrurn, Burt, Phix-nix, Arizona: Geo-
logical specimens and fragments of
shell rings. 4009 (returned); 4222
(31742); (XIII, xiv).
Olney, Mrs. Mary P., Spokane, Wash-
ington : Land, fresh-water and ma-
rine shells from western North America.
4188 (portion returned and remainder
retained, 31629). (VI.)
EXAMINATION AND REPORT.
227
Ol{lC(;()X Si ATE AlJKICCLTUKAL COI.LECK,
C'orviillis, Oregon, transmitted l)y A. 15.
Ooidley: Marine invertebrates. 42;t3
(reliiriifd with exception of one speci-
men, 32226) (viii).
Ohtii, G. 8., Pittsburg, Pennsylvania:
Bird skin. (Returned.) 4393 (ii).
OsisoKN, Prof. H. L., Ilaniline University,
St. Paul, Minnesota: Unionidie; shells
fri>in Philippine Islands. (Returned.)
402G, 4172, 4269 {\i). (Si-e under Ham-
line University.)
OsnORNE Bhutiikks, Frisco, Utah : Rock.
(Returned.) 4368 (Xlii).
Owen, E, R., Wellsville, Utah: Bronze
statuette. (Returned.) 3958 (xvi).
Palm, Charles, New York City: Three
species of insects. (Returned.) 3991
(VII).
Palmer, F. T., Department of the Inte-
rior, Office of Indian Affairs: Rocks.
(Returned.) 4306 (xiii).
Palmer, J. W., Port Republic, Virginia:
Ore. (Returned.) 4325 (xii).
Pakkei!, J. Grafton, Chicago, Illinois:
Six birds. (Returned.) 4093 (ii).
Parkins, 8. B., Ferris, Wyoming: Rock.
(Returned.) 4230 (xiii).
Parmelee, H. p., Cripple Creek, Colo-
rado: Ore. (Returned.) 4285 (xii).
Pakmenter, C. S. (See under Baker
T'niversity.)
Parsons, E. S., Parsons, New Mexico:
Ore. (Returned.) 4233 (xiii).
Parsons, Dr. W. B., Missoula, Montana:
Insects. (Returned.) 3914 (vii).
Payne, H. R., Yellville, Arkansas: Ore.
(Returned.) 4260 (xiii).
Peakk, .1. J., Wimer, Oregon: Minerals.
(Returned.) 4032 (xii).
Pearce, C. W., Arcadia, Florida: Four
mammals' skins and 13 birds' skins
from Florida. 3960 (31192) (i, ii).
Perkins, E. M., Rixville, Georgia : Insect.
(Returned.) 3921 (vii).
Peter, Brother, J., De la Salle Institute,
New York City: Ten plants. 3850
(XI).
Petter, A. J., Randsburg, California:
Minerals. 4419 (xii).
Pierce, \\: M., Burlington, Vermont:
Minerals. (Returned.) 4318 (xii).
PlLSiJRY, H. A., Academy of Natural
Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
Six 8i)ecies of Uiiios; three species of
fresh-wiiter shells from South America.
3874 (portion returned and remainder
retained, 3 1018); 3982 (returned), (vi.)
Plant City Supply Company, Plant
City, Florida, trauaraitted by W. H.
Young : Coin. (Returned. ) 4403
(XVII).
PoHNDORK, A. P., Butte, Montana: Ore.
(Returned.) 4121 (xiii).
Poland, W. P., Marshall, Texas: Ore.
(Returned.) 4252 (.viii).
Pollard, C. L., U. S. National Museum:.
Two plants from Mississippi. 3849 (xi).
Pool, M. B., Clinton, Iowa: Clay. (Re-
turned.) 4183 (XIII).
Trice, L. B., McMeekin, Florida: Stone.
(Returned.) 3974 (xiii).
Price, W. W., Stanford University, Cali-
fornia: Six birds' skins. (Returned.)
4217 (II).
Priestley, C. H., Elm, New .Jersey : Lig-
nite. (Returned.) 3832 (xii).
Prindle, I. R., Washington, District
of Columbia: Ore. (Returned.) 4226
(.XIII).
Pringle, C. G., Charlotte, Vermont:
Mexican plants. (Returned.) 4090
(XI).
Quick, J. G., Coudersport, Pennsylvania:
Copper coin. (Returned.) 4321 (xvii).
Raatz, Frederic, .lefferspn, Wisconsin:
Mineral. (Returned.) 4178 (xii).
Rambo, M. E., Philadelphia. Pennsyl-
vania: Clay. 3819 (XIII).
Rankin, A. W., Salt Lake City, Utah,
transmitted by Hon. C. E. Allen: Ore.
(Returned.) 3866 (xiii).
Rathbun, Richard, U. S. Fish Commis-
sion: Marine shells and mollusks from
the southeastern coast of the United
States. (Returned.) 3882 (vi).
Ream, G. W., Whitehall, Montana : Rock.
(Returned.) 4,335 (xiii).
Reddy, F. .1., White Hills, Arizona: Ore.
(Returned.) 4271 (xiii).
Red.max, D. M., Tarkio, Misstniri : Paper
money. (Returned.) 3938 (xvii).
Reed «& Ross, Cripple Creek, Colorado:
Mineral. (Returned.) 4050 (xii).
Reeder, T. p.. Big Flats, New York:
Grass. 3864 (xi).
Remick, a. B., Tayloisville, California:
Sand. 4010 (Xiii).
228
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1«!)7.
Kici:, Miss M. E., Neligh, Ncbiaska:
Three insects. (Uetunied.) HS04 (vii).
Rnii, J. E., .San JJeinardino, Calil'ornia:
Mineral. (Ketnruoil.) 1390 (xii).
Richardson, .1. E., Rowley, Massachu-
setts: I>ead from a sliell mound. (Re-
turned.) 4391 (x IV).
Richardson, Master Willie, Block-
house, Washiugton: Insect. (Re-
turned.) 4492 (VII).
Richmond, Capt. E. T. C, U. S. A., Fort
Warren, Boston, Massachusetts: Flow-
ers. 3925 (XI).
RicHTEU, Edward F. & Son, Cairo,
Georgia: Clay. (Returned.) 4483
(XIII).
IviKJitiEi!, Miss iMathilde, Champion
(iluarries, Pennsylvania: Plants. 3919
(XI).
Roberts, W. J., Harrisvillc, I'enusyl-
vaniii: Insect. (Returned.) 38.59 (vii).
Robertson, C. B., Indiana, Peuusyl-
Tania: Stone. (Returned.) 3807 (xiii).
Robinette, G. W., Flagpond, Virginia:
Five species of Unios; Uniosfrom Vir-
ginia. 3905 (returned); 3993 (31208)
(VI).
Robinette, .). B., Flagpond, Virginia:
Unios from Virginia and North Caro-
lina. 3887 (portion returned and re-
nuiiuder retained, 31051). (\'i.)
Robinette, J. M., Democrat, Virginia:
Fresh-water shells. (Returned.) 4347
(VI).
Robinson, Henry, Geological material.
(Returned.) 4021 (xiii).
Rohan, Mike, Kane, Wyoming: Rock.
(Returned.) 3929 (xiii).
RoMEYN, Capt. Henry, U. S. A., Fort Mc-
1 'hersou , Georgia : Insects. 3793 ; 3823
(VII).
Root & Field, Kilbourne, Illinois: In-
sect. 4426(32150). (vn.)
Rose, O. G., San Rafael, California: Six
birds' skins. (Returned.) 4106; 4151
(II).
Rosenthal, Albert, Philadelphia, Penn-
sylvania: Collection of portraits. (Re-
turned.) 4184 (XVII).
Ro.ss, Henry, Weiuier, Arkansas: Copper
coins. (Returned.) 4124 (xvii).
Ri'LAND, II., San Antonio, Texas: Ger-
man coin. (Returned.) 3788 (xvii).
RrsH, R. C, lluilsou, Ohio: Ivand and
fresh-water shells. (Peturued.) 4161
(VI).
Ri'Sii, Wesley, Tillamook, Oregon:
Rock. (Returned.) 4336 (xui).
Russell, .1. R., Boise City, Idaho: Ores.
3826 (XIII).
SalaiMON, W. R., Pryor Creek, Indian
Territory: Ore. (Returned.) 3889
(XIII).
Salvin, Osbert, London, England:
Thirty-three birds' skins irom tropical
America. (Returned.) 4474 (ii). (See
under British Museum.)
Sanders, P. D., Haskell, Texas: Ore.
(Returned.) 4380 (xiii).
Sanders, R. F., Marianna, Florida: Ore.
(Returned.) 4422 (xiii).
Sandison, G. H., New York City : Impres-
sions of fcmr coins. (Returned.) 4264
(XVII).
Saunders, W. G., New Bridge, Oregon:
Insect. 4057 (31808) (vii;.
Savage, M. F., New York City: Death
mask cast in metal resembling iron,
found in 1879 in a mound in Milan, Mis-
souri. (Returned.) 3920 (xiv).
ScHAUPP, T. G., Shovelmount, Texas:
Plant. 4459 (xi).
Schneider, William, Jefterson City,
Missouri: Insect. (Returned.) 3913
(VII).
SciiREiBER, ,J. D., Allentown, Pennsyl-
vania: Minerals. (Returned.) 3942
(XII).
ScHWEiCH, George, Richmond, Mis-
souri: Drilled tablet. (Returned.)
4054 (XIV).
Science College, Imperial Museum,
Tokyo, Japan, transmitted by I. Ijima:
Bird-skin; snake. 4304 (returned);
4430 (II, IV).
Scott, G. H., Sault de St. Marie, Michi-
gan; transmitted by E. S. Wheeler:
Copper spearhead. 3841 (31095) (xiv).
Scott, W. A., Rille, Colorado: Supposed
meteorite. (Returned.) 4439 (xii).
Scott, Prof. W. B., Princeton University,
Princeton, New Jersey : One hundred
and eleven birds' skins; birds' bones.
4464 (portion of birds' skins returned
and remainder retained, 32297; also
portion of birds' bones returned, and
skeleton of condor retained) (ii, ix). '
Seiefert Brothers, Spokane, Washing-
ton: Mineral. (Returned.) 4349 (xii).
Sentance, C. B., Bartley, Nebraska:
Three supposed fossil teeth. (Re-
turned.) 4433 (x-B).
EXAMINATION AND REPORT.
229
Semmens, Henuv, Seattle, Washington:
Ore. (Returned.) 3784 (xil).
Si/ri'LEMYER, 0. T., Wilniore, Pennsyl-
vania: Bees. (Retnrnecl.) 4053 (vii).
SiiEi'Ai'.D, H. C, Houlder Valley, Mon-
tana : Ores. 4295 (xiii).
Sherman. C. A., Manville, Wyoming:
Geological material. (Ketnrned.) 4239
(XIII).
Shipley, WiLi.iAiM, Waynesville, Illinois:
Arcbieologieal object. (Ketnrned.)
4245 (XIV).
Shippy, N. D.,West Palmdale, California :
Minerals. (Returned.) 4323 (xii).
Shocp, C. E., Tidal, Pennsylvania: Ore.
(Returned.) 4033 (xiii).
Shufeldt, Dr. R. W. (See under J. G.
Wells.)
Shugakt. W. H., Newport, Tennessee:
Mineral. (Returned.) 4256 (xii).
Shulek, J.T., IJlooniery. West Virginia:
Minerals. (Returned.) 4147 (xii).
Shkiver, Howard, Cumberland, Mary-
land: Fossils; black -aaud; land shells.
3846 (returned) ; 4060 (returned j. 4310;
4409 (portion returned and remainder
retained 32106) (x-B, xili, VI).
SiDDY, Mrs.CHAULE.s, St. Louis, Missouri:
Spider. (Returned.) 3830 (vii).
Simpson, R. L., Eufaula, Indian Ter-
ritory: Insect. (Returned.) 4473 (vii).
Smith, D. B., Clarksfield, Ohio: Geolog-
icalspecimen. (Returned.) 4470 (xiii).
Smith, John Donnell, Baltimore, Mary-
land : Plants from Costa Rica. (Re-
turned.) 4061 (XI).
S.MiTH, L. K., Caledonia, New York: Nat-
ural formation resembling a worked
stone object. (Returned.) 4212 (xiv).
Smith, R. E., Hazel Green, Wisconsin:
Mineral. (Returned.) 3888, 3935 (xii).
Snyder, Dr. F. D., Gaines, New York:
Forty-six birds' skins. (Returned.)
4126 "(II).
Snydei!, .1. S., Two Taverns, Pennsyl-
vania: Two geological specimens. (Re-
turned.) 3987 (XIII).
SouTHwiCK, ,1. M., Providence, Rhode Is-
land: Unionida^; shells. (Returned.)
4329, 4356 (vi).
Sperra, W. E., Randolph, Ohio: Rock.
(Returned.) 4168 (xiii).
Sprecher, N. D., Cearfoss, Maryland:
Stone implement. (Returned.) 4046
(XIV).
Sprinkei., .7. W., Briglitwood, Mrginia:
Larva of an insect. (Returned.) 3940
(VII).
Sqi'Iers, W. H., Keeblers Crossroads,
Tennessee: Ore. (Returned.) 4186
(XIII).
S<iUYER, Homer, Wibaux, Montana:
Shells. (Returned.) 4343 (vi).
Starks, W. W., Hinton, West Virginia:
Ore. (Retvirned.) 4139 (xiii).
Stallin(;s, Hon. J. F., House of Repre-
sentatives: Pi.stol. (Returned.) 4201
(xvii).
Stanard, R. C, Goshen Bridge, Virginia:
Farewell address of Aiuliew Jackson
printed on silk in the year 1837. (Re-
turned.) 4263 (XVII).
Stanley, D. T. (See under Aldrich,
Charles.)
Stanley, Mrs. T., Ashland, Oregon:
Sujiposed meteorite. (Returned.) 4275
(XII).
Starks, W. AV., Hinton, West Virginia:
Piece of metal. (Returned.) 4276
(XIII).
Startin, Thomas, ^Mammoth, Ftah : Ore.
(Returned.) 3878 (xiii).
Stewart, T. B., Lockliaven, Pennsylva-
nia: Stone, supposed to be an Indian
relie ; pipe from Schoharie County,
New York, and a crooked tlint from
Union County, Tennessee. (Returned.)
4273,4402 (xiv).
Sternberg, Fred., New York City:
Samples of fibrous serpentine. (Re-
turned.) 4109 (XIII).
Steinhauer, E. F., Vandalia, Illinois:
Two birds. (Returned.) 4200 (ii).
Stebins, E., Conconully, Washington:
Ores. (Returned.) 4176 (xiii).
Stiles, Dr. C. W., Department of Agri-
culture: Shells. (Returned.) 3946,
3971 (VI).
St. Maky's Academy (Sister M. Cather-
ine), Monroe, Michigan: Shells from
.Ia])an; small silver cross; stone from
Japan and an egg-shaped stone from
Michigan. (Returned.) 4047(vi, xvi,
xiii).
Stone, Witmer, Academy of Natural Sci-
ences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
Birds' skins. (Returned.) 3798,3944,
4367 (li). (See under Academy of Nat-
ural Sciences, Philadelphia.)
Stonehouse, R. a., OL'ithe, Colorado:
Rock. (Returned.) 3834 (xiii).
230
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Stoughton, S., AVindsor, Ohio: Clay.
(Retnrucd.) 3954 (xiii).
Stranaiian, .Tulius, Keesville, New
York: Ore. (Returned.) 4379 (xiii).
Stuekt, D., Deuver, Colorado: Ore. (Re-
turned.) 4086 (XIII).
Stitakt, IJ. C, Alton, Illinois: Insect;
nuMlal. (Returned.) 4041, 4246 (vii,
XVII).
Stuffleheam, J. G., Crosses, Arkansas:
Ore, mineral. (Returned.) 3835, 3858
(xiii, XII).
SuixiVAX, A. E., .Jamestown, Kentucky:
Minerals. (Returned.) 4278 (xii).
Sullivan, .Tames, East Helena, Montana :
Mineral. (Returned.) 4156 (xii).
TAGOEnr, William, Sutton, Tennessee:
Ores. (Returned.) 3868 (xiii).
Taljiad(5E, C. a. .Athens, Georgia: Terra-
cotta pipe in form of an eagle's head.
(Keturned.) 4013 (xiv).
Tavernier, L., Hamburg, Illinois: Geo-
logical material. (Returned.) 3839,
3883, 3891 (xiii).
Taylor, E. W., Salt Eake City, Utah:
Black substance found in red sand.
3892 (XIII).
Taylor, Miss K. A., Baltimore, Mary-
land: Plant. 3837 (xi).
Taylor, Thomas, Emory, West Virginia :
Ores. (Returned.) 3908 (xiii).
Tefft, Dr. F. O., Tecumseh, Washington :
Two fishes. 4369 (32265) (v).
TeCtARDen, W. S., Yellville, Arkansas:
Mineral. 4000 (xii).
Thayer, A. II., l)ul)lin, New Hampshire:
Fifteen birds' skins. 4418 (32176) (ii).
Thomas, E. H., San Bernardino, Califor-
nia: Geological material. (Returned.)
4358 (XIII).
Thomas, J. B., Colville, Washington:
Ore. (Returned.) 4228 (xiii).
Thompson, Georcje, Grand Rapids,
Michigan: Piece of sheet lead; piece
of tank lining of lead, containing })er-
forations. (Returned.) 3796, 38.^)6
(xiii, vii).
Thompson, II. D.,Moline, Illinois: Pot-
tery whistle in shape of an animal's
head, and a small Hint scra])or. 4297
(Pottery whistle returned; scraper re-
tained, 32264) (xiv).
Thompson, M. T., Providence, Rhode
Island: Thirty-four species of hemip-
tera and orthoptera; hemiptera. 4115
(returni'd); 4286 (portion returned and
remainder retained, 31814) (vii).
Tipton, M. A., Orenville, South Dakota:
Sand; lime rock. 3795, 4235 (xii,
xiii).
Todd, .1. F., Mena, Arkansas : Quartz ore.
(Returned.) 4463 (xiii)-
To^LS, C. F., Henderson vii le, North Caro-
lina: Minerals. 4330 fxii).
Toner, D. L., Chewelah, Washington :
Ore, (Returned.) 3951 (xiii).
TOPLITZ, Mrs. R. L., San Francisco, Cali-
fornia: Phmt. 3970 (xi).
Towns, H. E.,Fond du Lac, Wisconsin:
Archaeological object. (Returned.)
3782 (XIV).
Treasury Department, United States:
Sample of so-called "Latakia Tobacco"
fromNewYork. (Returned.) 4268 (xi).
Trux, M. E., Hartford, Connecticut;
Specimen of Owatonna meteoric stone.
(Returned.) 3980 (xii).
Tucker, A. S., Helena, Montana: Ore.
(Returned.) 4133 (xii).
TuPPER, J. E., Chewelah, Washington:
Ore. (Returned.) 4416 (xiii).
TuTTLE, Frank, Glen Arbor, Michigan :
Ore. (Returned.) 3962 (xiii).
TSCHUSI ZU SCHMIDHOFFEN, VICTOR RlT-
TER VON, Halle, Austria: Seventeen
birds' skins. 3816 (31073) (ii).
Underwood, L. M., Auburn, Alabama:
Cryptogams. (Returned.) 3()61 (xi).
Van Hyning, T., Des Moines, Iowa:
Shells. 4377 (portion returned and
remainder retained, 32037) (vi).
Van Roon, G., Rotterdam, Holland:
European coleoptera. (Returned.)
4006 (VII).
Von Schmidt, Jaro, Tustin City, Cali-
fornia: Plant. 3840 (xi).
WAciHORNE, Rev. S. C, Bay of Islands,
Newfoundland: Plants. 3972(33012);
3996(33016) (xi).
Walden, H. L., Albany, Oregon: Mate-
rial resembling cannel coal. (Re-
turned.) 4428 (XIII).
Walders, K. 0., Hamilton, Washington;
Minerals, ores. (Returned.) 4319,4410,
4436 (XII, XIII).
Walker, Bryant, Detroit, Michigan:
Unios. (Returned.) 4003, 4089 (vi).
Walker, James, Carrollton, Illinois:
Bone of a mammal. (Returned.) 3886
(IX).
Walker, Rear-Admiral .1. G., U. S. N.,
Los Angeles, California: Eleven stones
from {[uarries in . California. (Re-
turned.) 4196 (XIII).
EXAMINATION AND REPORT.
231
Walker, W. C, Fairlie, Texas: Plaut.
(Retumed.) 3987 (xi).
Wai.tku, Clarexcr, Spruce Creek, Penn-
sylvania: Inseit. (Keturned.) 3899
(VII).
Wall, W. W., and D. P. Kyle, PlKenix,
Arizona: Piece of supposed meteoric
stone. 3822 (xii).
Ward, F. A., Rochester, New York:
Young bird. (Returned.) 3875 (ii).
Wai;i),H.M., Dallas, Texas: Plant. 3865
(XI).
Ward & Gakdner, Jerome, Arizona:
Rocks. (Returned.) 3898 (xiii).
Ward's Natural Science Establish-
;ment, Rochester, New York : Five
])arrot8. 4242 (two ]»arrots returned
and three retained, 31741); five mam-
mal skins 4292 (31744) ; sixteen mammal
skins 4372 (portion returned and re-
remainder retained, 32381) (ii, i).
Warner, C. C, Turriall)a, Costa Rica:
Stone. (Returned.) 4162 (xiii).
VVarrex,W.C., Atlanta, Georgia: Plant.
(Returned.) 4231 (xi).
Watrus, p. B., Kiowa, Kansas: Sup-
posed petrifaction. (Returned.) 4043
(VIII).
Watson, Rev. W. Scott, Towerhill, Gut-
tenberg, New Jersey: Insect. (Re-
turned.) 4007 (VII).
Wayne, A. T., Mount Pleasant, South
Caiolina: Birds' skius. 3805 (portion
returned and remainder retained,
30906); 4030 (returned); 4045 (return-
ed) ; 4327 (portion returned and re-
mainder retained, 31970) ; 4353 re-
turned); 4386 (portion returned and
remainder retained, 32229) ; 4425 (re-
turned); 4460 (returned) (ii).
Wehh, W. F., Albion, New York: Heron
from Florida; land shells; stone orna-
ment from Canada. 3797 (30890) ; 4108
(portion returned and remainder re-
tained, 31459), 4287 (returned) (li, vi,
XIV).
Weber, G. W., Opelika, Alabama : Leaf
of a plaut. 4471 (xi).
Weil, I., Saudpoint, Idaho: Ore. (Re-
turned.) 4080 (XIII).
Wellington, Mrs. L. M., Green, Colo-
rado: Mineral. (Returned.) 4107
(XII).
Wells, J. G., Carriacou, Grenada, West
Indies, transmitted by Dr. R. W. Shu-
feldt: Cuckoo. (Returned.) 4240 (ii).
Werner, R. J., Columbia Falls, Mon-
tana: Ore. (Returned.) 41S2 (xiii).
Wheeler, E. S. ( See under Scott, G . H . )
White, J. J., Rockledge, Florida: Land,
i'resli-water, and marine shells. 4016
(portion returned and remainder re-
tained, 31253); 4048 (portion returned
and remainder retained, 31349) (vi).
White, Dr. J. P. (See under Young
Naturalists' Society.)
WiiiTEiiORN, G.W., Rochester, Nebraska :
Three specimens of grasses. 3783
(XI).
Whiteside, J. W., lirookville, Maryland:
Supposed fossil shark's tooth. 4332
(IX).
Whitman, J., & Sons, Forestville, Vir-
ginia: Minerals. (Returned.) 4394
(XII).
AVhitmer, T. W., Sacramento, Kentucky:
Rock and stone. (Returned.) 4282;
geological material, 4357 (xiii).
Whittemore, C. a. (See under Kent
Scientific Institute.)
Wilcox, G. A., Erie, Illinois : Larvie of
insects. (Returned.) 3934 (vii).
Wilkinson, E. (See under Mansfield Me-
morial Museum.)
Williams, C. M., Rochester, Indiana:
Two geological specimens. ( Keturned. )
4354 (XIII).
Williams, J. B., Montreal, Canada:
Three humming l)irds. (Returned.)
4442 (il). (See under Natural History
Society, Montreal.)
Williamson, G., Grand Cave, Louisiana :
Archieological objects. 4404 (xiv).
Willis, L. D., Church Creek, Maryland :
Ants. 3968 (31233) (VI).
WiLLSON, J. M.,jr., Kissinmiee, Florida:
Fruit of a vine. 4283 (xi).
Wilson, B. F., Huntington, ^Vest Vir-
ginia: Archasological ol).ject. 4029
(31489) (XIV).
Wing, C. L., Henuitite, New Mexico : Ore.
(Returned,) 4190 (xiii).
WiNTHROP, G. J., Tallahassee, Florida:
Three sets of birds' eggs. ( K'eturned.)
4105 (III).
WiTTMER, J. J,, Wawaka, Indiana : Frag-
ment of a supposed meteorite. (Re-
turned.) 4478 (XII).
Wood, Clarence T., Marion, New York :
Insects. (Returned.) 4227 (\'ii).
Wood, J. W., Batesville, Arkansas: Min-
eral. (Returned.) 4036 (xii).
232
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
WooDDELL, G. P., Seven Oaks, Floridii :
Ecliinodenns; shells. (Returned.) 4158
(VIII, A^I).
Woodward, ]>. F., Sarcoxie, Missouri:
Metal pipe. (Returned.) 4350 (xiv).
AVoRCKSTEK Society of Antiquity, Wor-
cester, Massachusetts: Transmitted by
Thomas A. Dickinson. Stone marked
with hieroglyphics. (Returned.) 3945
(XIV).
WORSHAM, W. H., Station Camp, Tennes-
see: Ore. (Returned.) 4317 (xiii).
Worth, J. (i., Skinner, Colorado: Sup-
posed asbestos. (Returned.) 4344
(XIIl).
W( )RTHEN, C. K., Warsaw, Illinois : Mam-
mal skins and skulls. 4214 (portion
returned and remainder retained, 31869)
(I).
Wright, Berlin H., Penu Yan, New
York : Unios and shells from Georgia,
Alabama, Virginia, and other parts of
the United States. 3992 (portion re-
turned and remainder retained, 31219) ;
4038 (portion returned and remainder
retained, 31330) ; 4110 (portion returned
and i-emainder retained, 31478) ; 4119
(portion returned and remainder re-
tained, 31.505) ; 4157 (portion returned
and remainder retained, 31563); 41.59
(portion returned and remainder re-
Wrkiiit, Berlin H. — Continued,
tained, 31597) ; 4171 (returned); 4434
(portion returned and remainder re-
tained, 32146) (VI).
Wright, H. L., Granbury, Texas: Ore.
(Returned.) 4204 (xiii).
WitiGiiT, J. M., Wirmingham, Tennessee :
Fossils; lower human jaw. 3916 (re-
turned); 3999 (x-ii, XIV).
Wright, Dr. W. S., Brown, Colorado:
Ore. (Returned.) 3806 (xiii).
Wyant, .J. H., Hinton, West Virginia:
Piece of metal. (Returned.) 4289
(xin).
Young, J. 1'., Ithaca, New York: Two
stone imiilements. (Returned.) 4095
(XIV).
YouNe;, W. H. (See under Plant City
Supply Co.)
Young, Mrs., Washington, D. C: Sup-
posed meteorite. (Returned.) 4199
(XII).
Young Naturalists' Society, Seattle,
Washington, transmitted by Dr. .J. B.
White: Stone image from San ,Tuau
Island. (Returned.) 3930 (xiv).
Yount, S. E., Sandy, Nevada: Stones.
(Returned.) 3981 (xiii).
ZiNN, J. H., Gettysburg, Pennsylvania:
Mineral. (Returned.) 4489 (xii).
Index to list of specimens sent for examination and report, arranged geographically.
Source.
No. of lots.
Korth America :
British America 3896, 3972, 4040, 4113, 4125, 4181, 42S7, 4432, 4442, 4443.
Ceutnil America 3794, 3820, 3893, 3923, 3955, 3977, 4061, 4102, 4474.
Mexi.'o I 4039, 4066, 4090, 4155, 4474.
Ignited States-
Alabama j 3861, 3952, 4128, 4157, 4373, 4471.
Alaslva ! 4085.
Arizona 3822, 3833, 3863. 3893, 3907, 3910, 3985, 4009, 4149, 4194,
4277, 4313, 4346, 4401.
A rl<ansa.s 3778, 3835, 3858, 3941, 4000, 4012, 4036, 4067, 4124, 4189,
4403.
California 3838, 3840, 3860, 3949, 3970, 3986, 39!)3, 4010, 402:i, 4087,
4102, 4106, 4132, 4145, 4151, 4174, 4193, 4202, 4206,
4223, 4270, 4323, 4358, 4370, 4390, 4397, 4405, 4419,
4449.
( 'olorado 3806, 3834, 4037, 4050, 4080, 4107, 4131, 41.52, 4167, 4278,
4305, 4315, 4333, 4344, 4352, 4389, 4439.
Connecti<!ut 39.36, 3980, 4216, 4445, 4446.
District of Columbia 3882, 3931, 3946, 3950, 4004, 4021, 4049, 4192. 4199, 4201,
I 4300, 4306, 4448.
4222, 4271,
420.1, 4412,
4091, 4100,
4217, 4219,
4424, 4437,
EXAMINATION AND REPORT.
233
Indix to list of Kptniiicns setitfor csiuui nation and reiiort. etc. — Continued.
^'o. of lots.
Xortli America — Continued.
United States-
Florida 3797, 3813, 3843, 3853, 3926, 39.50, 3960, 3974. 3988, 4008, 401fi, 4048.
4105, 4138, 4150, 4210, 4281, 4283, 4305, 43t)6, 4400, 4403. 4422.
Georgia ' 3793, 3823, 3921, 4013, 4119, 4159, 4231, 4288, 4483, 4490.
l.lalio ! 3786,3826,4071,4080,4165,4229,4339,4457.
Illinoi.^ 3829,3939,3883,3886,3891,3902,3934,3948,3978,4031,4034, 4041,
' 4070,4073,4093, 4103, 4200, 4208, 4214, 424.5, 4246, 4201, 4297.
4346, 4360, 4388, 4426, 4400, 4479.
Indian Territory 3889, 4384, 4473.
Indiana 3821 , 3877, 3990, 4096, 4129, 4130, 4164, 4241, 42.')4, 4340, 4354, 4355,
4427,4455,4478.
Iowa 3779, 3799, 3814, 4024, 4028, 4082, 4183, 4299. 4377, 4395, 4487.
Kansas 3880, 3909, 3939, 3965, 4002, 4043, 4059, 4146, 4170, 4468.
Kentucky 3884, 3997, 4027, 4161, 4237, 4282, 4291, 4331, 4357, 4465.
Louisiana 3842, 3845, 3915, 3927, 3933, 4018, 4077, 4251, 4280. 4404, 4450.
Maine 3852,4076,4158.
:Maryland 3837, 3846, 3890, .3968, 4046, 4060. 4062, 4185. 4205, 4301, 4310, 4332,
4409.
:Mas.sa<liu8etts 3855, 3925, 3945, 3962, 4083, 4104, 41 05, 4109, 4180, 4187, 4253, 4294,
4322, 4328, 4391, 4408, 4447.
:Micliigaii 3796, 3809, 3827, 3828, 3841, 3850, 3901, 3902, 4003, 4047, 4089, 4345,
4309, 4.306, 4453.
.M inucsota 3789, 3800, 402f). 41 16, 4117, 42.59, 4324, 4348.
Mississiiipi 3849, 3904.
:Mis.souri 3781, 3815, 3830, 3831, 3875, 3887, 3895, 3913, 3920. 3938, 4054, 4088,
4148, 4177, 4298, 43.50, 4431, 4435, 4472, 4484.
Montana 3844, 3854, 3914, 4121, 4133, 4156, 41S2, 42.50, 4295, 4335, 4343, 4462,
Neliraska 3793, 3804, 4135, 4142, 4185, 4433.
Xevada 3981 .
New Jersey 3832, 4007, 4098, 4220, 4470.
Kew Mexico 38.5], 3979, 3998, 4055, 4190, 4224, 4233, 4413, 4414, 4454.
New York 3801, 3810, 3817, 3848, 3850, 3864, 3875, 3879, 3903, 3991, 4001, 4014,
4018,4022,4035, 4038, 4058, 4078, 4095, 4097, 4108, 4109, 4110,
; 4111,4126,4163, 4171, 4209, 4212, 4227, 4242, 4248, 4258, 4264,
4268, 4292, 4320, 4372, 4379, 4383, 4402, 4420, 4421, 4434 4441,
4469.
North Carolina 3780, 3791, 3876, 3887, 3918, 3989, 4056. 4114, 4191, 4.330, 4351, 4.3.59,
4407.
North Dakota i 419,5.
Ohio.
Oklahoma ,
3825, 3830, 3954, 3906, 4020, 4044, 4052, 4072, 4123, 41.55, 4168, 4238,
4257, 4302, 4311, 4342, 4363, 4382, 4410, 446], 4470.
3824, 4025, 4008, 4134, 4136.
Oregon 3792, 3862, 3872, 3952, .3975, 4032, 4057, 4166, 4211, 4218, 4221, 4243,
4275, 4294, 4312, 4334, 4336, 4417. 4428, 4444, 4193.
Pennsylvania 3798, 3807, 3819, 3859, 3899, 3912, 3919, 3937, 3942, 3943, 3944, 3947,
4015, 4033, 4053, 4074, 4094, 4137, 4184, 4273, 4308, 4321, 4367,
4375, 4378, 4393, 4429, 4458, 4489.
3870, 3984. 4042, 4115, 4143, 4207, 4232, 4286, 4329, 4356.
3805, 3894, 4030, 4045, 4213, 4266, 4307, 4327, 4353, 4386, 4392, 4425,
4459, 4460.
3795,4154,4235,4301,4481.
3787, 3999, 3868, 3869, 3874, 3881, 3910, 3999, 4017, 4063, 4198, 4256,
4311, 4317, 4402, 4406, 4450, 4475.
Kliode Island..
SoTith Carolina
Soutli Dakota
Tennessee
234 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Index to lift of specimens sent for examination and report, etc. — Continued.
Source.
No. of lots.
North America— Continued
United States—
Texas
TUah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
West Indies
South America
Europe
Asia
Africa
Oceauica
3788, 3811, 3865, 3911, 3957, 3963, 3987, 3994,
4179, 4197, 4203, 4204, 4252, 4267, 437G,
4488.
3812, 3866, 3871, 3878, 3885, 3892, 3958, 3976,
4368, 4371, 4381, 4415, 4486.
4099, 4318.
3790, :;803, 3847, 3873, 3887, 3897, 3900, 3905,
4101, 4120, 4157, 4193, 4263, 4284, 4290,
4398, 4411, 4452, 4485.
3784, 3818, 3930, 3951, 3961, 3922, 3969, 3971
4176, 4188, 4225, 4228, 4319, 4349, 4385,
4436, 4491, 4492.
3908, 3959, 4005, 4029, 4069, 4118, 4139, 4144
4265, 4272, 4276 4289, 4337, 4418.
3782, 3888. 3904, 3935, 3967, 3973, 4112, 4178
4338,4451.
3802, 3929, 4065, 4175, 4230, 4239, 4276.
3808, 40G4, 4127, 4240, 4326.
3977, 3982, 4399, 4464.
3816, 4006, 4011, 4064, 4079, 4092, 4262, 4309
4303, 4304, 4430.
3906, 4477.
3917, 3932, 4081, 4172, 4269.
, 3995, 4084,
4122,
4153
4380, 4467,
4480,
4482
,4160,4247,
4274,
4341
, 3940, 3983,
4029,
4075,
, 4325, 4347
4364
4394
,4019,4140
4141,
4173
, 4410, 4416
4423
4436
,4147,4215,
4234,
4255
, 4244, 4249,
4299,
4314
4374, 4387, 4418.
Number of lots of specimens referred to the departments in the Museum for examination
and report.
Department.
Number
of lots.
Mammals
13
Birds
96
Birds' eggs
3
Reptiles and batrachians
7
Fislies _ - _ -
8
Mollusks
82
Insects .
70
Marine invertebrates
13
4
Comparative anatomy . ...
9
Paleontology
22
Botan V
57
96
Geology
179
Prehistoric anthropology
51
Ethnology
1
Oriental antiquities
25
APPENDIX VII.
Lectures and Meetings of Societies.
PAPERS READ AT THE XIXTH AKKUAL MEETING OF THE (JEOLOCICAL SOCIETY
OF A:\rERICA.
I. The diiferent kinds of oarth-crust movemouts and tlu'ir causes. Josepli
Le Conte.
II. Crater lake. J. S. Diller.
III. The Leucite bilks, Wyoming. ,1. F. Kemp.
IV, rhysiograpliic development of the District of Coliunhia region. X. H.
Dartou.
Y. Dikes in Appalachian Virginia. \. H. Darton.
VI. On the changes of drainage in the Ohio river basin. Frank Leverett.
VII. Thesolntionof quartz under atmospheric conditions. C.Willard Hayes.
VIII. Erosion at base-level. Marias R. Campbell.
IX. The origin of certain topographic Ibrais. INIarins K. Canipb(>ll.
X. Homology of joints and artificial fractures. J. B. Woodworth.
XI. Notes on the structure of the Cranberry district in North Carolina.
Arthur Keith.
XII. Notes on the stratigraphy of certain homogeneous rocks. C. II. Hitchcock.
XIII. Unconformities in Marthas Vineyard and Block Island. .J. B. Woodworth.
XIV. Evidences of northeasterly differential rising of the land along Bell ri%'er.
Robert Bell.
XV. Surface tension of wattsr as a cause of geological phenomena. Ceorge E.
Ladd.
XVI. Cementing materials of the Tertiary sands and gravels of western Kan-
sas. Erasmus Haworth.
XVII. The work of the United States Ceological Survey in the Sierra Nevada.
H. W. Turner.
XVIII. Geomorphy of .Tamaica as evidence of changes of level. J. W. Spencer.
XIX. The Cornell glacier, Greenland. Ralidi S. Tarr.
XX. Shore lines of Lake Warren and of a lower water level in western cen-
tral New York. H. L. Fairchild.
XXI. Okl tracks of Erian drainage in western New York. G. K. Gilbert.
XXII. The assumed glaciation of the Atlas mountains of Africa. Angelo Heil-
prin.
XXIII. The relation of an abandoned river channel in eastern Iowa to the west-
ern edge of the Illinois ice-lobe. Frank Leverett.
XXIV. Glacial observations in the Umanak district, Greenland. George 11.
Barton.
XXV. The Nipissing-Matawa river, the outlet of the Nipissing great lakes. F.
B. Taylor.
XXVI. Moraines of recession and their significance in glacial theory. F. B.
Taylor.
XXVII. Mechanics of glaciers-moraines and stratification. Harry Fielding Iteid.
XXVIll. Variations of glaciers. Harry Fielding Reid.
XXIX. Preliminary note on the Pleistocene history of J'uget sound. Bailey
Willis.
235
230 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1S97.
XXX. Modified drift in St. Paul, Minnesota. Upliam Warren.
XXXI. Note on plasticity of glacial ice. I. V. Russell.
XXXII. Physical basis for general geological correlation. Charles R. Keyes.
XXXIII. Origin and relations of the Greenville-Hastingt; series in the Canadian
Laurentiau (with observations by R. W. Ellis). F. I). Adams and
A. E. Barlow.
XXXIV. The pre-Canibrian topography of tlui eastern Adirondacics. .T: F. Kemp.
XXXV, The age of the white limestone of Sussex county, New .Jersey. .1. E.
Woltr and A.H.Brooks.
XXXVI. Notes on the Potsdam and Lower Magnesian formations of Wisconsin and
]\Iinnosota. Jose])li F. .James.
XXXVII. On tlie southern Devonian formations. Henry S. Williams.
XXXVIII. A complete oil-well record in the McDonald field between the Pittsburg
coal and the Fifth Oil Sand. I. C. AVhite.
XXXIX. The age of the lower coals of Henry county, Missouri. David White.
XL. Structure of the Newark formation of western New Jersey. Henry B.
Kiimmel.
XLI. The Upper Cretaceous formation of the northern Atlantic coastal plain.
William B. Clark.
XLII. Notes on the stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Laramie and related
formations in Wyoming. T. W. Stanton and F. H. Knowlton.
XLIII. (Jeology of northwestern Washington. I. C. Russell.
XLIV. A study of the nature, structure, and phylogeny of Tkemonclix. E. II.
Barbour.
■ XLV. Notes on rock weathering. George P. Merrill.
XLVI. New evidence on the origin of some trap sheets of New .Jersey. Henry
B. Kiimmel.
XLVII. The crystalline and metamorphic rocks of northwest Georgia. C. Wil-
lard Hayes and Alfred H. Brooks.
XLVIII. The grain of rocks. Alfred C. Lane,
XLIX. The origin and age of the gypsum deposits of Kansas. G. Perry Grimsley.
PAPERS READ AT THE MEETING OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE CLTTB, APRIL 6-9, 1897.
Hydroids. Miss Minnie Stafford and Miss P.nhannon.
Plant variation. Mrs. Emilia C. Anthony.
An object lesson in natural science. Miss W. A. Kellcrman.
A voluntary observer. Mrs. L. M. McCauley.
Relation of woman to the science of being. Mrs. Elizabeth O. Sampson Hoyt.
Fossils of Chicago and vicinity. Mrs. Ada D. Davidson.
Winter buds. Miss Rebecca Wayne Knight.
Flora of Buflalo, N. Y. Miss Edna Porter.
The environment of plants. Mrs. M. M. Boyce.
Sociology. Mrs. C. Bunnell.
Study of child life. Mrs. Florence Floyd.
Economic government. Mrs. Mary I. Barnes.
Physical science. ]\hs. i\Iary Newbury Adams.
Birds. Mrs. ]M. A. Booth.
Revision of Adrorhis and American marine mollusca erroneotisly referred to that
genus. Katharine Jeannette Bush.
Mushrooms. Mrs. E. C, Anthony.
The way of climbing plants. Mrs. Mary E. Treat.
The conservative role of bacteria in nature. Miss Mary Forstcr.
The Morning Glory. (Morphology, histology, physiology.) Miss Mary E. Hart.
Loaf variation. Mrs. W. A. Kellcrman.
Botanical collections of some American expeditions. Miss Ellen Weir Cathcart.
i
LECTURER AND MEETINGS OF SOCIETIES. 237
Mossos. Mrs. Elizabeth (J. Biitton.
Extracts from life of Liuna'iis. Mrs. Lydia l»iller Zoll.
Astronomy. Miss M. F. Borst.
Structure of eye of lAmax maximiis. Miss Aiiuie P. lleui-huian.
Juuipiui;- spiders, ilrs. Elizabeth G. I'eckham.
The Myrnuleon. Mrs. Frances Ehees Burket.
Marble quarry. Miss Kate Carter.
Variation in leaves of Qiicrciis n'ujra. Miss .lane Frances Wiun.
Moths and buttertlies, Mitli observations on I'apUio asterUis. Mrs. Annabel Cook
Whitcomb.
Entomology; a new Pyralid; autumn buttertlies. Miss Mary Vj. Mnrtfeldt.
An undescribed I'lojlla. Miss Mary E. Hill.
A bit of family history. {Memhracis h'moiula.) Miss Elizabeth G. Hughes.
The shells of New Jersey. Mrs. H. D. Mitchell.
Marine Alg;e. Mrs. Cora H. Clarke.
Meteorology. Mrs. L. H. Grenewald.
Mount Blauc and the ice fields. Mrs. Ada D. Davidson.
Cuiiilifera'; the oak family. Mrs. Emma J. (Jurtis.
Bird architecture. Miss Harriet Brown Bailey.
Other worlds than ours. (Illustrated by lantern slidt^s.) Miss Mary Proctor.
PAPEKS EKTEEED TO BE IJEAU AT THE MEETING OF THE XATT02S"AL ACADEMY
OF' SCIENCES, APRIL 20-23, 1897.
The inlluence of environment upon the biological processes of the various members
of the Colon group of bacilli. — An experimental study. Adelaide Vfard Peek-
ham, M. D.
On the energy involved in recent earthquakes. T. C. Mendenhall.
On a ring pendulum for absolute determinations of gravity. T. C. Mendenhall and
A. S. Kimball.
Biographical memoir of (J. Brown Goodi-. S. P. Langley.
Biographical memoir of Thomas L. Casey. H. L. Abbott.
Biographical memoir of Charles E. Brown-Scqnard. H. I'. Bowditch.
lUograpliical memoir of Hubert A.Newton. J. W. (Jibbs.
Biograidiical memoir of George H. Cook. G.K.Gilbert.
On the variation of latitude. S. C. Chandler.
The position of the Tarsiida and relationshii) to the phylogeny of man. Theoilore
Gill.
A new harmonic analyser. A. A. ilichelson and S. W. Stratton.
Variation of latitude and constant of aberration from observatious at Columbia
Universit}^. J. K. Eees, H. Jacoby, and H. S. Davis.
On recent borings in coral reefs. A. Agassiz.
Notes of experiments upon the Rontgen rays. Arthur W. Wright.
TITLES OF THE SATtJKBAY LECTURES FOR 1897.
Course \.—IT)jdr<><jraphy.
March 13. — Rivers of the United States. F. H. Newell.
March 20. — Waterfalls of the United States. Marius R. Campbell.
March 27. — Niagara. G. K. Gilbert.
Course 2. — Current topics.
April u.-7-The Eastern question. Benjamin Ide Wheeler.
Jjiril 10. — New light on alchemy. H. Carringtou Bolton.
April 17. — Food adulterations. Harvey W. Wiley.
April .'/. — Motlern explosives. Charles E. Munroe.
May 1. — X-rays and their applications. E. A. de Schweinitz.
APPENDIX VIII.
b'iNANOK, Property, Supplies, and Accounts.
J^Hjropriations and expenditures for the fiscal year vndimj June 30, 1SD7.
Object.
Preservation of collections
Furniture and fixtures
Heating, lighting, and electrical service . . .
Postage
BuiUliug repairs
Eent of work8ho])s
Galleries ■ -
Printing
Total
Appropriation.
$153, 225. 00
15,000.01)
13, 000. 00
500. 00
4, 000. 00
2, 000. 00
8, 000. 00
12, 000. 00
207, 725. 00
Expenditures.
$149, 023. 07
13, 198. 93
12, 257. 89
500. 00
3, 884. 75
1, 999. 92
3, 975. 65
11, 991. 67
J5alanc(< on
hand June 30,
1897.
$4,201.93
1, 801. 07
742. 11
115.25
.08
4, 024. 35
8.33
196, 831. 88
JJishnrsemcnts front tmejpended balances of appropriations for tlie fiscal mar cndin<j
June SO, 1896.
Object.
Preservation of collections
Furniture and fixtures
Heating and lighting
Building repairs
Itent (if workshops
Total
Balance, June
30, 1896.
$2, 846. 53
1, 31.5. 09
947. 33
929. 51
75.00
C, 113. 46
,.., ,!!*,_„„ Balance, June
lixpenditures. oq 1097
^52, 845. 21
1,314.80
946. 91
928. 13
75.00
.$1. 32
.20
.42
1.38
(i, 110. 14
From the uiiexpeiuled balance of the appropriatiou for the preserva-
tiou of collections for the fiscal year ending- June 30, 1895, disburse-
ments to the amount of $3G.19 were made, leaving a balance of $6.12,
which will revert into the Treasury, to be carried to the credit of the
surplus fund, under the provisions of section 3090 of the Itevised
Statutes.
238
APPENDIX IX.
Statement of the Distribution of Specimens during the
Year ending June 30, 1897.
AFRICA.
Albauy Museum, Grahamstown, South
Africa: Bird skius (137 specimeus).
Exchan.ue. (D. 10363.)
AMEKICA.
NORTH AMERICA.
Canada.
Britlsii Columbia : Keeu, J. H., Mas-
sett, Queen Charlotte Island : Coh--
o])tera (25 specimens). Exchange.
(I). 10089.)
Proviucial Museum, Victoria: Bird
skius (11 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10586.)
Ontario: Brooks, W. E.: Bird skins
(2 specimeus). Lent for study.
(D. 103.55.)
Fleming. J. H., Toronto: Bird skins (7
specimens). Exchange. (D. 10226.)
Fowler. James, Kingston: liotaiiieal
material (493 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10647.)
Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa:
Corals (20 specimens). Lent for
study. (D. 10270.)
Macoun, J. M., Ottawa: Skeleton of
sea otter: Exchange. (D. 10869.)
Quebec: Peter Redpath Museum, Mon-
treal: (Jeological material (14 s])eci-
mens). Exchange. (D. 10898.)
Mexico.
National ^Medical Institute of ]\Iexico:
Botanical material (220 specimens).
Exchange. (D. 10631.)
United States.
Alabama: Union Female College, Eu-
faula: Minerals (57 specimens, set
190). Gift. (D. 10294.)
Arizona: Agricultural I'^xperimeut Sta-
tion, Tucson: Botanical material (157
specimens). Exchange. (1). 10640. )
California: Bowers, Stephen, ]>os An-
geles: Minerals (12 specimeus). Ex-
change. (D. 10928.)
Brandegee, T. S., San Diego: Plants
(4 specimens). l^ent for study.
(D. 10468.)
Californi;! Academy of Sciences, San
Francisco : Bird skins (9 specimens).
Lent for stud j'. ( D. 10152. )
Daggett, John, San Francisco: Casts
of parts of lay figure; cast of head
and feet of Califoruia infant. Ex-
change. (D. 10462, 10706.)
Fenyea, A., Pasadena: Coleoiitera
(1,150 specimeus). Exchange.
(D. 10853.)
Gilbert, C. H., Stanford University:
Fishes (7 si)ecimens). Lent for
study. Three specimens of lisli, in
exchange. (D. 10815, 10883. )
Grinnell, Joseph, Pasadena: Bird skins
(75 specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 10909.)
Hemphill, Henry, San Diego: Shells
(6specimens). Exchange. (D. 10464.)
Leland Stanford .Junior University,
Stanford University : Sharks (5 speci-
mens). Lent for study. Botanical
material (425 specimeus). Exchange.
(D. 10244, 10646.)
Oldroyd, Mrs. T. S., Los Angeles:
Specimen of J'eiitacrivun deconis.
Exchange. (D. 10927.)
Parish, Samuel B., San Bernardino:
Botanical material (109 si>eciniens).
Exchange. (D. 10636.)
Colorado : Crandall, C. S., Fort Collins :
Botanical material (179 specimens).
Exchange. (D. 10645.)
State Normal School, Greeley : Pocks
and ores (99 specimens, set 70). Gift.
(D. 10467.^
239
240
liEPOKT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1S97.
Ct)NNK(;Tu;uT: Eiimcs, E. A., Bridge-
port: PliiiitH (829 spociniena). Ex-
change. (D. 11012.)
Hiuluiids, Williiiiii C, ISristol: Pueblo
objects (!• speciiiieiiB). Exchange.
(D. 10370.)
Van Densen, K. T., Hartford: Two
china plates. Exchange. (D. 10.529.)
"Wesleyan University, Middletown:
Pueblo pottery (16 specimens). Ex-
change. (D. 110(51.)
Yale College, New Haven : Shells (6
specimens). Lent lor study. Uasts
of fossils (o specimens). Exchange.
(U. 10459, 10()88.)
1)ei,awai;e: Canby, William M., Wil-
mington: Plants (1.5 specimens). Ex-
change. (1). 10d7l.)
Delaware College, Newark : Marine in-
vertebrates (460 specimens, set 45,
Series V). Gift. (D. 10613.)
Natural History Societjr of Wilming-
ton, Wilmington : Unmounted plants
(67 sj^ecimeus). Exchange. (D. 10615.)
DisTUicT OF Columiua: Benedict,
.1. E., jr., Washington. Arrow-
heads (15 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10735.)
Catholic University of America, Wash-
ington: Rocks and ores (102 speci-
mens, set 64). Exchange. Plants
(16 specimens). Gift. (I). 10274,
10992.)
Central High School, Washington:
Bird skins (6 specimens). Ex-
change. (D. 10436. )
Holm, Theodor, Brookland: I'lauts (9
specimens). Lent ibr study.
(1). 11060.)
Howell, E. E., Washington: Kocks
and ores; Indian vessel from New
Mexico. Exchange. (D. 11016, 11038.)
Knowlton, F. IL, Washington: Bird
skins (.59 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 110.58.)
Lucy Webb Hayes National Training
School, Washington : Rocks and ores
(9 8 specimens, set 72). Gift.
(D. 10591.)
Nelson, E. W., Department of Agricul-
ture: Skins and skulls of shrews (12
specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 10352.)
Sayers, >hs. .Joseph I)., Washington:
Basketry and pottery (13 specimens).
Exchange. (D. 10834.)
District oi' Columbia — Continued.
Stevens, Mrs. Alice F., Washington:
Plants (80 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10986.)
Top})ing, D. Lelioy, AVashington: Bo-
t.in leal material (95 specimens). Ex-
change. (D. 10641.)
U. S. Botanical Garden, Washington:
100 bulbs for planting. (I). 10240.)
Washington Normal School, Washing-
ton : Mounted mammal. Gift.
(D. 10793.)
Floiuda: Curtis, A. IL, .Jacksonville:
Botanical material (540 specimens).
Exchange. (D. 10637.)
Hopkins, S., Melbourne Beach:
Mounted ])lauts (2 specimens). Lent
for study. (D. 10154.)
(iicoRdiA: ShavfU', H., Augusta: Polished
stone hatchet. Exchange.
(1>. 10403.)
Spellman Seminary, Atlanta : Star-
iishes and sea-urchins (30 specimens).
Gift. (D. 10111.)
Illinois : Cockerton, Frank T., Danville,
Ammonites (2 specimens) ; fossils (29
specimens); fossil lish. Exchange.
(D. 10450, 10599, 10841.)
Field Columbian Museum, Chicago:
Geological material (22 specimens);
crustaceans (101 specimens and 2
vials) ; liotanieal material (366 speci-
mens.) Exchange. Plants (28 speci-
mens). Lent for study. (D. 11026,
10493,10642,10984.)
High School, Springfield: Marine in-
vertebrates (336 specimens, set 95,
Series V). Gift. (D. 107.50.)
Holmes, S. .J., Chicago: Specimen of
Eu2>agu7'un vurtensi. Exchange.
(D. 10361.)
McMurry, Mrs. LidaB., Normal : Wam-
pum beads. Exchange. (D. 10539.)
Moffatt, W^. S., Wheaton : Botanical
mat(^rial (130 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10644.)
University of Chicago, Chicago: Plants
(122 specimens). Gift. (D. 10971.)
Indiana: Arthur, .1. ('., Lafayette:
Plants (4 specimens). Exchange.
(J). 10768.)
High School, Evansville: lv<fcks and
ores (103 si)eeimens, set 55). Gift.
(D. 10901.)
LIST OF SPECIMENS DISTRIBUTED.
241
Indiana — Continued.
Indiana Institute for the Blind, Indi-
anapolis: Marine invertebrates (102
specimens). Gift. (D. 10668.)
Wright, John S., Indianapolis : Herba-
rium material (4 specimens). Lent
fur study. (D. 11032.)
Iowa: Aji'ricultural College, Ames: Bo-
tanical material (200 specimens).
Exchange. (D. 10639.)
American Archa-ological and Asiatic
Association, Nevada: Casts of stone
implements (2 specimens). Gift.
(D. 10326.)
Atlantic Normal School, Atlantic : Bird
skins (115 specimens). Gift.
(D. 10763.)
Crocker School, Des Moines: Rocks
and ores (103 specimens, set 56).
Gift. (D. 10890.)
High School, Garner: Rocks and ores
(103 specimens). Gift. (D. 10961.)
High School, Inwood: Rocks and ores
(103 specimens, set 52). Gift.
(D. 11059).
High School, Marion : Rocks and ores
(102 specimens, set 63). Gift.
(D. 10183.)
Sac City Institute, Sac City: Rocks
and ores (99 specimens, set 69). Gift.
(D. 10446.)
State University of Iowa, Iowa City:
Mounted slides of riumularidte.
Lent for study. (D. 10601.)
Storm Lake Public Schools, Storm
Lake: Rocks and ores (102 speci-
mens, set 65). Gift. (D. 10286.)
Upper Iowa University, Fayette:
Mounted mammals (22 specimens) ;
stutfed fishes (2 specimens). Gift.
(D. 10112.)
Kentucky: Garman, H., Lexington: In-
sects (138 specimens). Lent for
study. (D. 10749.)
Louisiana: Louisiana Industrial Insti-
tute, Ruston : Marine invertebrates
(332 specimens, set 95, Series v).
Gift. (D. 11102.)
Maine: Morton, F. S., Portland: Foram-
inifera (26 vials). Exchange.
(D. 10830.)
Maryland: Peabody Institute, Balti-
more: Fossil cycads (2 specimens).
Lent for study. ( D. 10059. )
NAT MUS 97 16
Maryland — Continued.
Smith, J. Donnell, Baltimore: Plants
(12 specimens); seven unmounted
photographs. Exchange. Plants
(3 .specimens). Lent for study.
Botanical material (591 specimens).
Exchange. (D. 10596, 10642.)
Woman's College, Baltimore : Pueblo
pottery (20 specimens). Exchange
(D. 10650.)
Massachusetts: Amherst College. Am-
herst: Pterophoiida^ (127 specimens).
Lent for study. (D. 10315. )
Botanic Gardens, Cambridge: Botan-
ical material (899 specimens). Ex-
change. (D. 1C632.)
Brewster, William, Cambridge: Bird
skins (8 specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 10343, 10344.)
City Library Association, Springtield:
Stone implements, arrowheads, etc.
(69 specimens). Gift. (D. 10067.)
Cory, Charles B., Hyaunis: Bird skins
(18 specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 11050, 10335.)
Davenport, George E . , M e d f o r d :
Mounted plant. Lent for study.
(D. 10958.)
Deane, Walter, Cambridge: Botanical
specimen. Exchange. (D. 10751.)
Eastman, C. R., Cambridge: Skull of
fossil skate. Lent for study.
(D. 10628.)
Farlow, W. G., Cambridge: Fungi (10
specimens). Exchange. (D. 10982.)
Faxon, C. E., Jamaica Plains: Mexican
plants (9 specimens). Lent for study.
rD. 10163.)
Gray Herbarium, Cambridge: Four
photographs of plants; unmounted
plants (61 si)ecimens). Exchange.
(D. 10545, 10616.)
Greeniiian, .1. M., Cambridge: Plants (5
specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 10960.)
Gurley, R. R., Worcester: Niagara
graptolites (5 specimens). Lent for
study. (D. 10594.)
Harvard College, Cambridge: Sjieci-
men of CommeUiia hirftUa. Gift.
(D. 10191.)
Hyatt, Alpheus, Cambridge : Fossils
(51 speciujens, 13 species); fossils (6
specimens); Cretaceous ammonites
(23 specimens";. Lent for study.
(D. 10167, 10714, 10895.)
242
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Massachusetts — Continued.
Lowell City Library, Lowell: Rocks
and ores (103 specimens, set 61).
Gift. (D. 10796.)
Normal Training School, Holyoke:
Rocks and ores (103 specimens, set
58). Gift. (D. 10813.)
Robinson, B. L., Cambridge : Mounted
lierbarinm material (25 specimens).
Exchange. Mounted plants (5 speci-
mens). For examination. (D. 10205,
10397.)
Wellesley College, Wellesley : Lichens
(25 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10309.)
Wood worth, W. McM., Cambridge:
Living worms; two vials of Plan-
arians; marine invertebrates. Lent
for study. (D. 10775, 10778, 10804.)
Woodworth, W. W., Cambridge: Ma-
rine invertebrates. Lent for study.
(D. 10712, 10713.)
Michigan : Alma College, Alma : Rocks
and ores (102 specimens, set 67). Gift.
(D. 10723.)
Kent Scientific Institute, Grand Rap-
ids: Bird skins (3 specimens). Ex-
change. (D. 10209.)
Minnesota: University of Minnesota,
Minneapolis: Fossil plants (43 speci-
mens). Exchange. (D. 10854.)
Missouri: Glatfelter, N. M., St. Louis:
Botanical material (7 specimens).
Lent for study. (D. 10702. )
Greger, K., Fulton: Fossil brachio-
pods (64 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10256.)
Kane, W. G., Kansas City : Specimens
of barite, fluorite, and other miner-
als. Exchange. (D. 10252, 10325.)
Latterman, George W., AUentown : Bo-
tanical material (252 specimens).
Exchange, (D. 10635.)
Missouri Botanic Garden, St. Louis:
Siiecimen of CommeUna hirtella. Gift.
(D. 10192.)
Pilot Grove Academy, Pilot Grove:
Rocks and ores (99 specimens, set 71).
Gift. (D. 10492.)
School of Mines of the University of
Missouri, RoUa: Collection of ooze
and foraminifera. Gift. (D. 10375.)
Nebraska: Fremont Normal School,
Fremont: Rocks and ores (102 speci-
mens, set 62). Gift. (D. 10782.)
Nebraska — Continued.
Normal School, Wayne : Rocks and ores
(103 specimens, set 57). Gift.
(D. 10851.)
York College, York: Rocks and ores
(98 specimens, set 73) ; casts of stone
implements (106 specimens, set 57).
Gift. (D. 10120.)
New Jersey : Public Schools, Wee-
hawken : Botanical material (397
specimens). Exchange. (D. 10638.)
Smith, John B., New Brunswick : Acro-
nycta (899 specimens) ; microscopic
slides of Acromjcta ; noctuids (83
specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 10271, 10384,10801.)
Stevens Institute of Technology, Ho-
boken: Model of the Stevens
twin-screw steamboat. Gift. (D.
10619.)
New York: Allen, J. A., New York:
Small mammals (11 specimens) ; skino
and skulls of mammals (17 speci-
mens). Lent for study. (D. 10507,
10549, 10689.)
American Museum of Natural History.
New York: Cast of brook trout.
Exchange. Bird skins (9 speci-
mens). Lent for study. (D. 10419,
10439.)
Boys' High School, Brooklyn: Speci-
men of Crinoid. Gift. (D. 10538.)
Chapman, Frank M., New York: Bird
skins (19 specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 11027.)
Brown, Mrs. J. Crosby, New York : One
musical instrument. Exchange.
(D. 10599.)
Columbia University, New York:
Herbarium material (8 specimens).
Lent for study. Botanical material
(960 specimens) ; alcoholic fishes (6
specimens); plants (19 specimens).
Exchange. Trilobites (4 specimens).
Gift. (D. 10083, 10633, 10649, 10993,
11013.)
Cornell University, Ithaca : Herbarium
material (3 specimens). Lent for
study. (D. 10105.)
English, George L., & Co., New York:
Minerals (2 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10338.)
Glen Island Museum, Glen Island:
Thirteen photographs. Lent for
study. Cast of Alcsoplodon Mdens.
Exchange. (D. 10502, 10588.)
LIST OF SPECIMENS DISTRIBUTED.
243
New York — Coutinued.
Herbarium of Columbia College, New
York: Herbarium material (98 speci-
mens). Lent for study. (D. 10072.)
Normal College, New York: Mounted
plants (222 specimens). Lent for
study. (D. 10234.)
Ealpb, William L., Utica : Birds' eggs.
Exchange. (D. 10394.)
Rusby, H., New York; Botanical ma-
terial. Lent for study. (D. 10660.)
Rydberg, P. A., Columbia University,
New Y''ork: Herbarium material (10
specimens); mounted plants (10
specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 10291, 10618.)
Small, John K., New York: Plants (2
specimens). Exchange. (D. 10737.)
Snyder, F. D., Gaines: Star-fishes and
ophiurans (9 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10505.)
University of the City of New York,
New York: Rocks and ores (104
specimens, set 10). Gift. (D, 10.362.)
"Ward's Natural Science Establishment,
Rochester: Geological material (166
pounds). Exchange. (D. 1042.5.)
Wibbe, J. H., Schenectedy : Unmounted
plants (49 specimeus) ; botanical ma-
terial (50 specimens); plants (70
specimens). Exchange. (D. 10617,
10682. lOg-'o.)
"Wright, Berlin H., Penn Y'an: Unios (2
specimens). Exchange. (D. 10299.)
North Carolina : Wake Forest College,
Wake Forest: Rocks and ores (103
specimens, set 60). Gift. (D. 10795.)
Ohio: Case, H. B., Loudonville: Fossils
(5 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 1041L)
Central Ohio Scientific Association,
L^rbana: Rocks and ores (103 speci-
mens, set 54). Gift. (D. 10926.)
Ohio State University, Columbus:
Dragon flies (32 specimens). Lent
for study. (D. 10351.)
Oregon: Howell, Thomas, Clackamas:
Plant. Exchange. (D. 10546.)
Pennsylvania: Academy of Natural
Sciences, Philadelphia: Plant. Ex-
change. (D. 10738.)
Allen, Harrison, Philadelphia: Mam-
mals (2 specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 10518.)
Pennsylvania — Continued.
Atwater, W. O., Wilkesbarre: Charts
illustrating foods. Lent for study.
(D. 10629.)
Bryant, Henry G., Philadelphia:
Alaskan ethnological material (19
specimens). Exchange. (D. 10935. )
Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr: Geo-
logical material (10 specimeus).
Exchange. (D. 10891.)
Bucks County Historical Society,
Doylestowu : Casts of prehistoric
stone implements (105 specimens,
set 57). Gift. (D. 10677.)
Central Pennsylvania College, New
Berlin: Marine invertebrates (464
specimens, set 43, Series v). Gift.
(D. 10435.)
Culin, Stewart, Philadelphia: Col-
lection of games. Lent for study.
(D. 10781.)
Hart, Charles Henry, Rosemont : Photo-
graph of portrait of GeneralJacksou.
Exchange. (D. 10732.)
Johnson, .J. R., Pittsburg: Two casts
of stone implements. Exchange.
(D. 10187.)
Lehman, W. Y., Fremont: Recent
shells (43 specimens). Exchange.
(D. IIOIL)
Moore, J. Percy, Philadelphia: Col-
lection of leeches. Lent for study.
(D. 10598, 10894.)
Pilsbry, H. A., Philadelphia: Shells
(94 specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 10626.)
Pollock, Moses, Philadelphia: Fac-
simile of the Jeffersou Bible. Ex-
change. (D. 10150.)
Randall, F. A., Warren : Phyllopods (4
specimens). Exchange. (D. 10691.)
Rhoads, S. N., Philadelphia: Mammals
(46 specimens). Lent for study.
(D.10058, 10907, 10991.)
Sheppard, Edwin, Philadelphia: Bird
skins (11 specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 10630.)
Stone, Witmer, Pliiladelphia : Bird
skins (70 specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 10354, 10705, 10627.)
Thomson, Frank, Philadelphia: Cast
of salmon. Exchange. (D. 10225.)
University of Pennsylvania, Philadel-
phia : Specimen of Commelina hirtella.
Gift. (D. 10190.)
244
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897
South Carolina: Wayne, Arthur T.,
Mouut Pleasant: Bird skins (6 speci-
mens). Exchange. (D. 10995.)
South Dakota : Yankton College, Yank-
ton : Marine invertebrates (460 speci-
mens, set 44, Series v). Gift.
(D. 10466.)
Tennessee: Roane College, Wheat:
Rocks and ores (103 specimens, set
59). Gift. (L). 10814.)
Utah: All Hallows College, Salt Lake
City: Minerals (26 specimens). Ex-
change. (D. 10731.)
Deseret Museum, Salt Lake City : Geo-
logical materia] (15 specimens); fos-
sils (414 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10062, 10266.)
Jones, Marcus E., Salt Lake City: Bo-
tanical material (120 specimens).
Exchange. (D. 10679.)
Vermont: Bridgewater College, Bridge-
water: Rocks and ores (102 speci-
mens). Gift. (D. 10312.)
Pringle, C. G., Charlotte: Plants (8
specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 10994.)
Virginia: Fontaine, William M., Char-
lottesville : Fossil plants. Lent for
study. (D. 10811.)
Fredericksburg College, Fredericks-
burg: Rocks and ores (101 speci-
mens, set 68). Gift. ( D. 10681. )
Norfolk College, Norfolk: Inverte-
brates (42 specimens). Gift.
(D. 10531.)
Wisconsin: High School, Janesville:
Marine invertebrates (336 specimens,
set 94, Series V). Gift. (D. 10424.)
High School, Sparta: Marine inverte-
brates (392 specimens, set 56, Series
Y). Gift. (D. 10548.)
Wyoming: Agricultural Experiment
Station, Laramie: Botanical mate-
rial (743 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10634.)
Sherman, C. A., Manville: Scraper
handle. Exchange. (D. 10785.)
University of Wyoming, Laramie:
Paleozoic fossils (175 specimens).
Exchange. (D. 10852.)
CENTRAL AMERICA.
Costa Rica.
Instituto Fisico-geografico Nacional, San
Jose: Botanical material (77 speci-
mens). Exchange. (D. 10655.)
SOUTH AMERICA.
Brazil.
Museu Paulista, Sao Paulo : Fresh-water
and marine shells (25 specimens).
Exchange. (D. 10053.)
ASIA.
China.
Wilder, George D., Pekin : Bird skins (88
specimens). Exchange. (D. 10825.)
EUROPE.
Austria.
Friese, H., Innsbruck: Hymenoptera
(352 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10931.)
Independent Association of Tyrolese
Botanists, Karnten : Collection of
lichens, mosses, and ferns. Exchange.
(D. 10138.)
Tschusi zii Schmidhoffen, Victor Ritter
von, Halle: Bird skins (17 speci-
mens). Exchange. (D, 10224.)
Denmark.
Zoological Museum, Copenhagen : Crus-
taceans (72 specimens). Exchange.
Six lots of crustaceans. Lent for
study. (D. 10957.)
France.
Lassimonne, S. E., Moulins, Allier. Bo-
tanical material (456 specimen,s>.
Exchange. (D. 10654.)
Museum of Natural History, Paris : Crabs
(139 specimens); fossils (71 speci-
mens). Exchange. (0.11062,10267.)
Newmann, G., Toulouse: Insects. Lent
for study. (D. 1079L)
Germany.
Zoological Museum, Berlin: Bat skin.
Exchange. (D. 10126.)
Botanical Gardens, Dresden: Plants (8
specimens). Exchange. (D. 10724.)
Botanical Mnseum, Berlin: Botanical
material (697 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10652.)
Konigliche Museum fiir Naturkunde,
Berlin: Crabs (103 specimens). Ex-
change. (D. 10748.)
LIST OF SPECIMENS DISTRIBUTED.
245
Krauss, Alfred, Zittaii, Saxony: Minerals
(75 specimens) ; fossils (89specimen8).
Exchange. (D. 10422.)
Paleontological Institute, Leipsic : Fos-
sils (509 specimens). Excliange.
(D. 10282.)
Zoological Institute, Kiel: Fishes, bolo-
thurians and crabs (33 specimens).
Exchange. (D. 10648.)
Great Britain.
Baker, E. G., London: Plants (29 speci-
mens). Lent for study. (D. 10930.)
British Museum, London : Botanical ma-
terial (798 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10653.)
Hind, Wheelton, Stoke-upon-Trent : Fos-
sil pelecypods (108 specimens.) Ex-
change. (D. 10266.)
Magdalene College, Cambridge : Bird
skins (2 specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 10153.)
Newton, Alfred, Cambridge: Bird skin.
Lent for study. (D. 10293.)
Royal Botanical Garden, Kew: Herbar-
ium material (43 specimens). Lent
for study. Herbarium material (853
specimens; 8 photographs). Ex-
change. (D. 10078, 10658, 10690,
10771.)
Salvin, Osbert, London: Bird skins
(4 specimens). Lent for study.
(D. 10816.)
University Museum, Oxford: Casts of
Heloderma and Teguixin. Exchange.
(D. 10082.)
Kelingrove Museum, Glasgow: Stone
implements (19 specimens); shell
beads; rattlesnake, and skull of bi-
son. Exchange. (D. 10151.)
Italy.
Colini, G. A., Rome : Throwing-stick and
arrow point. Exchange. (D. 10917.)
Comes, O., Portici : Specimen of Xicoti-
ana. Lent for study. (D. 10073.)
Garbini, Adriano, Verona: Palcemonetes
antrorum (4 specimens). For study.
(D. 10833.)
Museo Civico di Storia Xaturale, Genoa :
Alcoholic fishes (26 specimens). Ex-
change. (D. 10500.)
Royal Zoological Museum, Florence : An-
thropological and ethnological mate-
rial (56 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10207.)
Bussia.
Royal Botanical Gardens, St. Petersburg:
Botanical material (633 specimens).
Exchange. (D. 10656.)
Royal Academy of Science and Arts,
Barcelona : Land and fresh-water
shells (117 specimens); fossils (17
specimens). Exchange. (D. 10460.)
Switzerland.
Botanic Gardens and Museum, Zurich:
Botanical material (303 specimens).
Exchange. (D. 10657.)
Candolle, M. Casimir de, Genera : Botan-
ical material (355 specimens). Ex-
change. (D. 10659.)
Turkey.
The Sultan of Turkey, Constantinople:
Lay figure of a Sioux chief and a tro-
phy covered with silk trappings.
(D. 10483.)
OCEAXICA.
Australia.
New South Wales: Australian Muse-
um, Sydney: Gobioid and blennioid
fishes (39 specimens). Exchange.
(D. 10904.)
New Zealand.
Farquhar, H., Wellington: Star-fish. Ex-
change. (D. 10098.)
]^A_KT II.
PAPERS' DESCRIBING AND ILLUSTRATING COLLECTIONS IN THE
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM.
Page.
Recent Foramiuifera. By James M. Flint 249
Pipes aud Smoking Customs of the American Aborigines, based on Material in
the U. S. National Museum. By Josejih D. McGuire 351
Catalogue of the Series Illustrating the Properties of Minerals. By Wirt
Tassiu 647
Te Pito Te Henua, kuowu as Rapa Nui; commonly called Easter Island, South
Pacific Ocean. By George H. Cooke ti89
The Man's Knife among the North .\merican Indians. By Otis Tuftou Mason. 725
Classification of the Mineral Collections in the U. S. National Museum. By
Wirt Tassin 747
Arrowpoints, Spearheads, and Knives of Prehistoric Times. By Thomas
Wilson «11
247
RECENT rORAMINIFERA.
A DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF SPECDIENS DREDGED BY THE U. S. FISH
COiDIISSION STEAMER ALBATROSS.
JAMES M. FlilXT, M. D., U. S. X.,
Honorary Curator, Division of Medicine, U. S. Xationul Museum.
249
RECENT FORAMIXIFERA. A DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF
SPECIMENS DREDGED RY THE U. S. FISH COM-
MISSION STEAMER ALBATROSS.
By James M. Flint, M.D., U. S. N.,
Honorary Curator, Division of Medicine, U. S. Xational AfuseKm.
PREFACE.
The purpose of this catalogue is to record tlie results of an examina-
tiou of a portion of the bottom material obtained duriug the dredgiug
operations of the U. S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross, and at the
same time to furnish a convenient book of reference for those who are,
or may become, sufficiently interested to continue the study of this
material.
The examination, while very far from exhaustive, has been pursued
with greater or less diligence, as time and opportunity offered, for sev-
eral years. Material from about one hundred and tweuty-tive stations
has been carefully studied, and specimens from more than a hundred
localities have been preserved and identified. Of these localities,
fifty-eight are in the Korth Atlantic Ocean, twenty one in the Gulf of
Mexico, seven in the Caribbean Sea, one in the South Pacific, and
five in the North Pacific. The depths at these stations vary from 7 to
l.',51- fathoms.
The figures in illustration are from photograj^hs of mounted speci-
mens on exhibition in the U. S. National Museum, Division of Marine
Invertebrates. A uniform enlargement of about 15 diameters has
been maintained in the figures, sometimes at a sacrifice of detail in
the smaller specimens which would have been made clearer by the use
of a higher magnifying power, but for the j)urpose of identification it
is believed to be more useful to mark distinctly the relative size of the
objects. The exhibition series has been mounted expressly for public
dis])lay. The individuals of each species are attached in various atti-
tudes to the bottom of the shallow cavity of a concave, blackened disk
ot brass. For security each disk is provided with a removable fenes-
trated brass cap having a top of thin glass. These disks are arranged
in concentric rows upon a large circular metal plate which occupies
the place of the stage of an ordinary microscope. The circular plate
IS given both a rotary and a toand-fro movement by means of a fric-
251
252 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
tion roller and a rack aud piuion, so that all the mounts may be suc-
cessively brought under the microscope. The specimens thus arranged
are inclDsed in a box having a glass top, through which the objective
of a microscope projects.'
In the following catalogue the classification of Mr. n. B. Brady has
been followed, as presented in "The report on the Foraminifera col-
lected by H. M. S. Cliallenf/er,^^ and his definitions of families and
genera have been appropriated bodily. The analytical table is also
compiled chiefly from the above-mentioned report. The descriptions
ol species have been prepared after study of the reserve series as well
as of the typical specimens reproduced in the illustrations.
The localities given are only those from which specimens have been
taken in selecting the series exhibited and in reserve, and do not
profess to represent the distribution of the species.
A supplementary table gives the latitude, longitude, and depth of
water of the stations referred to in the catalogue.
THE FORAMINIFERA.
The Foraminifera are minute aquatic, mostly marine, animals, having
semifluid bodies, composed of granular protoplasm, inclosed in shells
or "tests" either secreted by the animal or built up of available foreign
material, such as mud, sand, sponge si)icules,or dead shells. In zoologi-
cal classification they belong to the Khizopod group of the Protozoa,
and are distinguished from other members of the group by the single
character of the reticulated form assumed by their pseudopodia when
extended.
These minute animals are interesting objects of study, geologically
and biologically as well as esthetically. As objects of beauty they
arrest the attention of even the casual observer by the delicacy of
their structure as well as the symmetry and variety of their forms.
Geologically they are of interest because they are among the most
ancient aud abundant of fossils and also the most efticient of rock
builders. Biologically they are instructive examples of the powers and
possibilities of an individualized bit of protoplasm — "a little particle
of apparently homogeneous jelly, changing itself into a greater variety
of forms than the fabled Proteus, laying hold of its food without mem-
bers, swallowing it without a mouth, digesting it without a stomach,
appropriating its nutritious material without absorbent vessels or a
circulating system, moving from place to place without muscles, feeling
(if it has any power to do so) without nerves, propagating itself without
genital apparatus, aud not only this, but forming shelly coverings of a
' This apparatus was devised by the writer and put on exhibition in the year 1890.
It has been subjected to the very severe test of years of use by the general public,
children as well as adults, to the number of hundreds each day, and this with only
the occasional presence of an attendant in the room. See Eeport U. S. Nat. Mus.,
1896, p. 96.)
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 2f)3
syiiiiuetry and complexity not surpassed by those of any testaceous
animals.'"
From the resemblance of some of the shells of the foramiuifera to
those of the nautilus, they were for a long- time regarded as minute
cei^halopod mollusks; that is, aniong the highest of the invertebrates,
and it was not until the year 1835 that their true nature was discovered
and announced by M. Dujardiu to the French Academy of Sciences.
Since that time the study of this order of animals has been pursued by
able naturalists, and the results of their investigations appear in a
voluminous literature. Much yet remains to be learned of the life his-
tory of the animal, but its zoological position is established and its
importance in the economy of nature recognized.
As fossils the foramiuifera are common in all geological systems from
the Devonian upward, but they are especially abundant in Mesozoic and
Cenozoic time. The chalk and many of the most extensive limestone
beds are formed principally of their remains. As to i)resent habitat,
their shells are found wherever dredgings are made, all over the ocean
tloor except in the polar regions. A few species are "pelagic;" that is,
they are found living at or near the surface of the water, but the weight
of evidence is in favor of the conclusion that the vast majority of them
pass all stages of life at the bottom, where they are found. In the
experience of the naturalists of the Albatross it was rare to find any
but the most minute and thin-shelled forms in the surface dredgings,
and still more rare for any to be taken in the "wing nets" that were
usually attached to the dredging apparatus.
The living foraminifer is a minute bit of viscid, granular protoplasm,
without organs or tissues, without differentiation of substance into outer
membrane and inner contents, and in most instances without evident
nucleus or contractile vesicle. A nucleus has been recognized in a few
individuals, and hence this characteristic element of most living cells
is inferred to be present in all the members of the order. Like other
Rhizopods, it has the power to protrude any parts of its body as "pseu-
dopodia,"' for the purpose of locomotion or the prehension and absorption
of food. It differs, however, from the other Khizopods in that the
pseudoi^odia do not necessarily remain distinct, but flow together when-
ever they touch one another, forming sometimes an elaborate and
extended network of protoplasmic threads, which, however, may be
readily retracted and flow again into the body mass, leaving no indica-
tion of their previous existence.
How the function of nutrition is accomplished and the nature and
condition of the organic material used as food by these minute animals
is not yet determined. Without doubt the pseudopodia are capable of
seizing and inclosing small organic particles with which they may come
in contact, and any part of the protoplasmic body, of which the pseudo-
potliaare but temporary extensions, is able to digest and assimilate the
'Carpeuter, Intioductioii to the fetudy of the Foramiuifeia.
254 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
nutritive i)ortion. To further account for the necessary food supply, it
is believed that the Foramiuifera absorb organic matter hekl in solu-
tion by the sea water. This theory is tlie more easily accepted since
we know that they have the power to separate inorganic matter (car-
bonate of lime in particular) iroin its solution, with which to construct,
wholly or in part, their shells.
Of the process of reproduction little is known beyond the fact of
multiplication by gemmation and fission. Every part of this simple
animal being sufticientunto itself for purposes of nutrition and growth,
it follows that a fragment of the protoplasmic body cast oft' from the
parent becomes at once a new individual and the possible founder of a
fresh colony. But it is not in accord with what we know of the lite
histories of other living things that this i)rocess of subdivision or prop-
agation by cuttings or shoots can go on indefinitely. It is more likely
that some kind of sexual reproduction takes place, the manner of which
is yet to be demonstrated.
The most striking characteristic'of this simple, semifluid animal, of
indefinite and changeable shape, is its ability to construct a shell or
test of definite form in which to shelter itself. This shell or test may
be irregular, simple, and rude in construction, or symmetrical and of
great delicacy and beauty, in variety of forms rivaling the shells of the
Mollusca, of which it was long thought to be a diminutive example.
Structurally there are three quite definite- and distinct types of tes-
taceous covering. The first, to begin with the lowest and least common,
is the "chitinous" test — a thin, transparent, yellowish or brownish
membranous investment secreted by the animal. It has one or more
general apertures, but is not perforated with fine foramina, and there
is no means of communication between the inside and outside of the
test except by the general apertures. The foraminifera with this kind
of shell have been grouped in the single family of Gromidce. As a rule
they inhabit only fresh or brackish water. They have not been found
in deep-water marine collections, and do not appear in the following
catalogue.
The second type is the so-called "arenaceous" test. This is an
investment constructed of grains of sand, or of the dead shells of other
foraminifera, or of sponge spicules, or even of mud, cemented together
more or less firmly by means of a calcareous cement secreted by the
animal. Usually it has one or more general apertures of comparatively
Ifirge size, and in addition there may be minute orifices between the
sand grains, or other substances of which the test is constructed,
through which the delicate threads of protoplasm can be i)rojected.
The surfaces may be rough and coarse or smooth and highly finished,
according to the fineness of the material used and the amount of cement
deposited in the crevices and angles between the grains. When con-
structed of mud these tests are fountl, in some instances, to have a
chitinous base, which maintains the shape of the investment.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 255
The third type of structure is a true shell, composed almost entirely
of ciirbouates of lime and magnesia separated by the animal from their
solution in the sea water, and fixed in solid form. It is through the
agency of the forainiuifera i)rincipally that the limestone, which is con-
stantly being dissolved by rains and carried by rivers to the sea, is
restored to the solid crust of the earth. Of these ''calcareous" shells
there are two kinds, quite distinct in appearance, known as "porcel-
lanous" and "hyaline." The former are usually white, opaque, shining
with the peculiar luster of porcelain, and "imperforate;" the latter are
transparent, glassy, and "perforate," more or less densely, by minute,
parallel, unbranclied tubes for the passage of delicate pseudopodia. In
both kinds there are usually one or more comparatively large, general
ai)ertures. Surface marking, or "ornamentation," is common in both
the porcellanous and hyaline shells. In tlie former they take the form
of striations or plttings, more or less regular and conspicuous; in the
latter, of ridges, tubercles, or s])ines, of clear nontubular shell-substance,
varying constantly in number and prominence among individuals of the
same species.
Architecturally the first and most obvious division of these shells is
into single-chambered (monothalamous, or unilocular) and many-cham-
bered (polytbalamous, or multilocular). While the primitive form of
both the single and many chambered shells is evidently globular, yet
the possibilities of ultimate conformation, depending chiefiy upon direc-
tion of growth, are very great. Thus a monothalamous shell, beginning
as an incomplete spherical chamber, may become ovate, fiask-shaped,
spindle shaped, star shaped, or tubular, and the tubular form may be
straight, curved, coiled, or quite irregular. And these forms pass from
one into another by quite insensible degrees. The polythalamous shell
is a consequence of the process of reproduction by "gemmation," as
the other is of reproduction by "fission." In this case the growing
sarcode pushes outside the initial chamber until at a certain stage it
builds a new wall around itself, while still maintaining connection with
the parent cell. This second segment may give origin to a third, and
so on until a colony is established, each offspring occupying an apart-
ment added to the parental home. It is easy to see that the style of
architecture of these tenements nmy be almost infinitely varied by vary-
ing the shape and position of these annexes. Each annex may have
any of the forms of the monothalamous shells or any modification of
them, and the arrangement may be in straight or curved lines, in con-
centric cii'cles or planospiral coils, in single or double series spirally
coiled, in two or three alternating series not spiral, or even in an irreg-
ular and disorderly mass.
Usually in the development of the polythalamous shell each succes-
sive segment uses the party walls of the preceding segments, so far as
they may be available, in the construction of its own annex, but in
some of the higher types of the hyaline series it will be found that
256 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
each chamber has a complete wall of its own, thus making double par-
titions between them. In some of these higher types there is devel-
oijed also what is called a "supplemental skeleton," which consists of
a deposit of shell-substance on the outside of the original wall, thereby
adding to its thickness, filling in the hollows between the segments and
at the umbilici, and sometimes growing out into protuberances of
various shapes. This supplemental skeleton is generally traversed by
a set of canals or sinuses — passages left during the deposit of the
shell-substance, and probably occupied by threads of sarcode during
the life of the animal.
The separation into families, genera, and species of a group of ani-
mals like the foraminifera, where variation is the rule and passage from
one type to another is by a sliding scale and not even by a series of
steps, is extremely difficult, and must always remain unsatisfactory in
some particulars; but for convenience of reference, if for no other
reason, a classification of some sort is demanded, and various schemes,
which it is unnecessary here to enumerate, have been put forth to bridge
the difficulty. In all these schemes the primary divisions" are founded
upon the structure of the test as above described — that is, whether
chitinous, arenaceous, or calcareous, and whether perforate or imperfo-
rate. Beyond these distinctions, which seem to have a physiological
foundation, there is nothing upon which to base a classification but the
form of the test, which, as we have seen, is never determinate enough
to permit of the establishment of fixed boundary lines. Generic and
specific names of foraminifera, therefore, must not be considered as
having much zoological value, but only as convenient titles applied to
certain typical forms around which many varieties may be grouped.
And it must be remembered that, however elastic the definitions of
species, or even genera, there will often be a margin of doubt, and
the determination of j)lace in th« classification must be left to the
preference of the individual observer.
A few words concerning the manipulation of material and specimens
may be of assistance to those beginning the study of the foraminifera.
Collection of recent shallow- water forms may be made from shore
sands, from the anchor and chains, and especially from the " chain
lockers " of ships, from sponge sand, and by means of boat dredges from
the shallow waters of the coast. Deep-water forms are only obtainable
by special apparatus, such as is used in deep sea sounding or in purely
scientific explorations of the ocean bed. The specimens may be freed
from mud by the j^rocess of decantation — that is, repeatedly agitating
in water, and, after a very brief period to allow subsidence of the shells,
pouring off the turbid surface water. Or the material maybe put in a
bag made of fine bolting cloth and the bag shaken in a bucket of water.
The remaining foraminifera, mixed Avith more or less sand, pteropod
shells, sponge spicules, and debris of various sorts, should then be
thoroughly dried, bottled, and labeled.
For examination of the dried material a dissecting microscope stand,
DESCKII'TIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT F0KA:^IINIFEHA. 257
with a i>ood acroinatic leus magiiityiug about 10 diauieteis, is most
convenient. A small (jninitity ottlie nuiterial in a shallow wateli f^lass
blaekened on the under siile, being placed under the lens, is carefully
inspected, and when a specimen is found which it is desired to i^re-
serve it may be readily removed by means of a very line camel's hair
pencil slightly moistened between the lips. Transfer of si)ecimens
should l)e attemitted with the moistened pencil only, as the use of forceps
is certain to crush the delicate shells.
For preservation of the identified specimens in numbers for study
nothing is better than wooden slides of regulation size — 1 by ."> inches.
The.>e may have either a concavity drilled in one side nearly through
the wood and painted black, or a hole bored entirely through the slide
and one side covered with heavy blackened paper. A rem(»val)le cover
to this little cavity nuiy be cut Ironi a thin sheet of mica and held in
place either by a spring clamp or by slipping it under the thin ]»aper
front of the slide, which is left unglued about the center for that
pnrj)ose.
To make a section the si)ecimen should be attacrhed in the desired
attitude to the face and near the end of a glass slip by means of the
minutest drop of liquid glue. The attitude of the specimen must be
carefully i)ieserved until the glue has set. The shell is then covered
with chloroform or xylol balsam, which may be made to penetrate the
chambers of the shell and be rapidly hardened by the application of
direct heat up to the boiling tem})eratnre. Superfluous balsam being-
cut away, the shell supported by the balsam is rubbed lightly upon a
hone, kept thoroughly wet with water, until the desired section is
exposed. The balsam is then dissolved away by chloioform, and the
glue by water, and the specimen mounte<l.
The manner in which specimens shall be mounted will depend upon
the preferences or ingenuity of the preparator, and the arrangements he
may make for the storage of his collection. If a cover-glass is used it
should not be .sealed on, as the underside of the glass is almost certain
to "sweat" sooner or later, and obscure the specimen. It may be w(n-th
while to say that for the attachment of the shells to any surfa(;e the
author has not found anything better than microscopists' gold size.
The best instrument for transferring the minute droj) of adhesive
material of whatever kind to the point where the shell is to be attached
is the finest obtaiiuible sewing needle, the eye end inserted in a slender
handle and the point broken off at the thickest part of the needle.
The literature of the subject is very large, though most of it is to be
found in journals of natural history and transactions of societies. With
Carpenter's "Introduction to the Study of the Foraminifera,'' Brady's
''lieport on the Forannnifera collected by H. M. S. Challeuf/er,''^ and
Sherborn's ''Index to theClenera and Si)ecies of the Foraminifera," the
student will be able to begin work in an intelligent manner and to find
references to all that has been published on this subject up to the most
recent date.
NAT 31US 97 17
258 REPORT OP NATIONAL MU8EUM, 1897.
ANALYTICAL KEY TO FAMILIES.
Siiltkiugilom I'ltorozOA. — Body consisting of a minute mass of pi<)to])lasiii, or an
aggregation of such masses, without differentiation of parts into organs or tissues,
either witli or witliout a testaceous envelope or skeletal framework.
Class Rhizopoda. — Protoplasmic hody capable of protruding any portion of its
substance in the shape of lobes, bands, or threads, for the purpose of locomotion or
the prehension of food ; generally more or less completely inclosed in a testaceous
envelope; nucleus and contractile vesicle present or absent.
Order Foraminifeua. — I'soudopodia protruded as fine threads which How together
wherever they touch, forming a network of granular protoidasm; nucleus and
vacuoles generally indistinguishable; tests either chitinous, calcareous, or of agglu-
tinated sand or shells, never silicious.
Test chitinous, sometimes encrusted with foreign bodies.
Aperture at one or both extremities Family I. Gromid.e.
Test arenaceous (composed of mud, sand, shells, ot sponge spicules).
Relatively large, one-chambered, or sometimes unsymmetrically segmented by
constriction or adhesion, never truly septate Family II. Astkokiiizid.e.
Relatively small, usuallj'^ regular in contour, one or many chambered ; many-
chambered forms sometimes imperfectly septate, often labyrinthic :
Family III. Lituolide.
Test arenaceous or calcareous.
Segments in two or more alternating series, or spiral or confused, often dimor-
phous Family IV. Textulakidj^.
Test calcareous.
Imperforate, porcellauous Family V. Miliolid.e.
Perforate, hyaline.
Chambers one, or many joined in a straight, curved, spiral, alternating,
or branching series; aperture simple or radiate, terminal:
Family VI. Lagenid.e.
Chambers more or less embracing, following each other from the same end,
or alternately at either end, or in cycles of three :
Family VII. Chilostomellice.
Chambers comparatively few, inliated, spirally arranged; apertures single
or multiple, conspicuous Family VIII. Globigerinid.e.
Chambers typically spiral and rotaliform — all the segments visible on the
upper side, those of the last convolution onlj^ on the lower (apertural)
side. Aberrant forms evolute, outspread, acervuline, or irregular:
Family IX. RotalidvE.
Chaml)ers spiral or concentric; shell symmetrical, usually lenticular or dis-
coidal Family X. Nummulinio.e.
analy'tical key to genera. *
Family I. Gromid.e.
Aperture single.
Test large, ovate.
Mouth central, in a depression at the broad end; test closely adherent to
the body of the animal Genus fAeherkuhnia.
Mouth terminal ; test not adherent Genus Gromia.
Test minute, ovate.
Mouth prominent, one-sided Genus Mikroj/roinia.
Test composed largely of foreign bodies (diatoms, etc.).. .Genus Diaphoropodon.
Aperture at each end.
Test hyaline, tulmhir, cylindrical, or tlattened Genus ShepheanJella.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FOKAMINIFERA. 259
Family II. Astrokhizid.k.
Walls thick, composed of sand or iniid, slightly temented. . Subfamily Astkokiiizin.k.
Ft\siforiii, hranchiug, or liattened with angular or radiate margin; aperture at
thi' fiid of each ray or branch Genus Aatrorhiza.
More or less tlask shaped or subcylindrical; aperture single, terminal:
Genus Peloaina.
Subglobiilar, very irregular externally; a|)ertures numerous, in horn-like pro-
tuberances Genus Storthosphar<i.
Columnar, branching, or irregularly outspread; adherent; apertures terminal:
(jJenus Dendvophnja.
A rounded mass of radiating, branching tubes arranged in more or less distinct
layers Genus Surbmamminu.
Walls thick, composed of felled sponge spicules and fine sand, uucemented:
Subfamily Pilulinin.e.
Spherical ; a])erture a long, curved slit Genus Pihtlhia.
Subspherical, labyriuthic or cavernous, or having a central undivided cavity with
subcaveruous walls; no general aperture Genus Crithionina.
Oval or subcylindrical; aperture typically a rouudi'd oriiice at one end:
Genus TevhiiilcUa.
Cylindrical, long, slightly tapering, open at botli ends Genus Uatliiisiphon.
Walls thin, composed of sand grains tirmly cemented; test nearly spherical:
Subfamily Saccamminin.e.
A single globular diamber, without general aperture Genus rsammosjyhara.
A number of adherent globular cliambcrs, without general aperture:
(ienus Soros2)hara.
One or several globular, pyriform or fusiform clianibers, with or without tubular
connection ; apertures distinct Genus Saccammina.
WaLs composed of lirmly cemented sand grains, often mixed with sponge spicules;
test tubular, sometimes imperfectly segmented. .Subfamily Kiiabdamminin.e.
Elongate, tapering, simple; aperture at the broad end Genus Jaciilella.
Elongate, cylindrical, simple or branched; aperture at one end, the other end
rounded, sometimes inflated Genus Hjipcrummina.
Fusiform or cylindrical, largely composed of sponge spicules; aperture at each
end Genus Marsipella.
Rectilinear, radiate or branching, with or without a central chamber; apertures
at the ojien ends of the tubes Genus Hhabdammhut.
Very variable, usually consisting of irregular inflated sacs, single or united;
apertures multiple, tubulated Genus AsclicmoiieJIa.
Tubular, slender, flexible, simple or branched, chitino-arenaceous, in nonadher-
ent masses Genus llhizammina.
Tubular, branching, reticulated, adherent to the surface of shells or stones;
apertures terminal Genus Safieuella.
Subcylindrical, adherent at one end, rounded at the other, constructed of loose
sand grains; imperfectly se})tate Genus BoteUina.
Columnar, straight or crooked, adherent by an expanded base, enlarging or
branching toward the apex; aperture terminal Genus HaUphij>icmu.
Family III. Lituolid.i:.
Test composed of coarse sand grains, rough externally Subfamily Lituolin.e.
Not labyrinthic.
Test free.
Chambers one, or several united in a straight, curved, or irregular line,
never spiral Genus Ueophax,
Chambers numerous, partly or entirely spiral. ..Genus Ilaplophnujmiinn.
260 REPOKT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1^97.
Ti'St composed of coarse sand graius, etc. — Coutiuucd.
Not labyriiithic — Coutiniied.
Test adherent.
Chambers numerous, planoconvex Genns Placopsilma.
Labyrinthic.
Test free.
Chambers uniserial, straight or curved, never spiral.. Genus Haplostirhe.
Chambers partly or entirely sjiiral (Jeuus Lituola.
Test adherent.
Chambers linear, vermiform, closely approximated; apertures a row of
pores on eacdi septal face Genus lldtUoidinu.
Test composed of fine sand, smooth externally Subfamily Trochamminin.e.
Chambers one.
(ilobular with several maminilate ajiertures Genus Thurammina.
Elongate, conical, with a large curved or irregular aperture at the basal
extremity Genus Ilippocrepina,
A single tube coiled upon itself in various ways; sometimes constricted,
never truly septate (ienus Anuiiodiscus.
Adherent, hemispherical, with or without a long slender tubular neck :
Genus fVebhina.
Chambers several.
United in a straight or curved line; rarely a single chamber:
Genus Ifonnosina.
Rotaliform, nautiloid, or trochoid; more or less distinctly septate:
Genus Trochammina.
Rotaliform; test composed of fusiform calcareous spicules.. Genus Carierina.
Test relatively large, composed of line sand; chambers arranged spirallj' or in con-
centric layers ; walls cancellated Subfamily Luftcsin.e.
Lenticular or snbglobular; chambers numerous, spiral, nautiloid:
Genus Cyclammiua.
Fusiform or snbglobular, elongated axially ; chambers spiral Genns Loftusia.
Spheroidal, compressed; chambers in concentric layers Genus Parkeria.
Test more or less calcareous; distinctly septate; exclusively fossil:
Subfamily Endothyrin.e.
Nodosariform ; chambers sometimes slightly labyrinthic ; aperture simple :
Genus Xodosinella.
Cyliudrical, attached by one end; chambers lal)yrinthic; aixnturc terminal
cribrate Genus t'ohjiilirayma.
Lenticular, consisting of a planospiral tube with a deposit of shell substance on
both sides Genus liivohifina.
Nautiloid or rotaliinrm; aperture simple, at the inner margin of the final
chamber Genns Endothyra.
Nautiloid; aperture a number of pores on the face of the terminal chamber:
Genus Jiradyina.
Adherent; (consisting of numerous subdivided segments, or of a mass of cham-
berlets Genus IStachvia.
Family IV. Textularid.e.
Test tyi)ical]y bi- or tri-serial ; often dimorphous Subfamily Textularine.
Monomorphous.
Segments alternating, in two rows.
Aperture an arched slit at or near the inner angle of the last segment:
Genus Textularia.
Test compressed at right angles to the normal plane.. .Genus Cuneolina,
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 201
Test typically bi- or tri-serial, etc. — Continued.
Monomorphous — Continued.
Segments alternatinji in three rows.
Aperture as in Te.rlidaria Genus rerneniUna.
Aperture simple, produced, central (Jenus Trilaxia.
Aperture porous Genus ChrysalUUna.
Seijnieuts arranged S])irally, with three chambers in each convolution.
Aperture jiartially covered by a valvuh^r lip Genus !'iilruli»a.
Dimorphous.
Early chambers biserial, later ones uniserial and rectilinear:
(Jenus Jliffciicrhia.
Early chambers small and biserial, later ones broadly arched and uniserial:
Genus Pavonina.
Early chambers planosi^iral, later ones biserial Genus Spiroplecta.
Early chambers triscrial. later ones uniserial and rectilinear:
Genus Chimliua.
Early chambers triserial, later ones biserial Genus (iaittirijina.
Test typically spiral; sometimes bi- or tri-serial; aperture oblique, comma-shaped
or some modification of that form jt Subfamily IUi.iminin.e.
Monomorphous.
Spiral, elongate, more or less tapering, often triserial Genus Bulimhia.
Much elongated, with a tendency to become asymmetrically biserial:
Genus Virfiitl'nia.
Distinctly biserial, Textularian Genus Iloliriva.
liiserial; aperture an arched or semicircular orifice with a vertical notch on
the septal face of the last segment Genus I'lenroatomvlla.
Dimorphous.
Early segments bulimine or virguline, later ones uniserial.. Genus Bifariua.
Test consisting of a double series of alternating segments, more or less coih>(l upon
itself Subfamily Cas.sidulixin.e.
roUled on its long axis, and coiled more or less completely upon itself:
Genus Cassidnlina.
IJroad, arched on the dorsal side, slightlj' coiled Genus Ehrenberyia.
Family V. Mii.ioMD.E.
Test irregular, asymmetrical: aperture variable Subfamily Nubeci'Laiun.e.
Cliaml)er one, inflated, adherent; ajx-rtureon the convex surface:
(ienns Sr/uamulina.
Chambers more than one, in linear or very irregularly spiral series:
Genus 2\'ubecn1aria.
Test coiled on an elongated axis, in a single plane or inequiliiterally ; chambers two
in each convolution Subfamily Miuolimn.e.
Chambers in a single plane, embracing, the last two only visible:
(Jenus JUlociiUna.
Ciiambers biloculine but subdivided in the interior Genus Fahularin.
Chambers in a single plane, all visible on both sides of the shell:
Genus SpiroIocuUna.
Cltambers inequilateral, coiled round the long axis of the shell so that more than
two (usually three or five) are visible Genus Miliolina.
Test <limorpliou8; partly milioline, partly spiral or rectilinear:
Subfamily Haikiunin.e.
Early chambers milioline, subsequently in a straight series (ienus Articidina.
Early chambers partly milioline and ]>aitly planospiral. subseciuently in a straight
series (Jenus J'erlehralina.
Early chamber an undivided planospiral tube, subse(]ucntly with two or more
segments in each convolution (ienus Ophllinlmidinm.
262 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Test dimorphous, etc.— Continued.
Early chambers jiiilioline, subsequently i)lanospiral with more tlian two seg-
ments in each convolution Genus llaiterina.
Chambers oquitant, arranged as in Hauerina, the last convolution covering the
previous whorls Genus PUtmspirina.
Test ])lauospiral or cyclical, sometimes cro/.ier-sliapcd, bilaterally symmetrical :
Subfamily Pkxeroi'I.tdin.k.
Chamber one, au undivided planospiral tul)c Genus Coiniifipira.
Chambers numerous, undivided, planospiral or spiral at first and rectilinear or
cyclical afterwards Genus Peueyoi>lis.
Chambers subdivided transversely; early segments embracing; arrangement
wholly i)lauospiral or partly cyclical Genus Orhimlhia.
Chambers subdivided into chamberlets ; test discoidal Genus OrhHoliU-s,
Test spiral, elougatcnl in the line of the axis of convolution . . Subfamily Alyeolinin.k.
Snbglobular, elliptical, or fusiform Genus Alreolina.
Test spherical ; chambers in concentric layers Subfamily Kkramosimi.krin.e,
{.'hambors very numerous, irregularly shaped Genus Keramosphara.
Farfuily VI. Laoenid.k.
Test monothalamous Subfamily Lagenid.e.
A single undivided chamber Genus Laijena.
Test poly thalamous, straight, arcuate or planospiral Subfamily Nodosauin.e.
Monomor])hous.
Straight or curved, circular in transverse section ; aperture central :
Genus Nodosaria.
Straight, compressed; aperture typically a narrow fissure. -Genus Lhujulina.
Compressed or complanate; segments V-shaped, ecjuitant:
Genus Frovdicularia.
Straiglil. or slightly curved, triangular or (|uadrangular in section:
Genus llhuMogon'uim.
Elongate, curved, circular in section ; aperture marginal :
•Genus Marf/inulhia.
Elongate, compressed or complanate; septation oblique; aperture marginal:
Geaus VafiinuJ'ma.
Vaginuline; septation very oblique; aperture a long slit down the ventral
face of the final segment Genus JUmiilhia.
Planospiral in part or entirely; complanate, lenticular, crozier-shaped or
ensiform Genus CrisfcUaria.
Dimorphous.
Early segments Crisiellarian, later ones Nodosarian Genus Jmphyconjne.
Early chambers Crisiellarian, later ones Linguline Genus Liiigidniopsis.
Early chaml)ers Crisiellarian, later ones Froudicularian Genus FlabelUna.
Early chambers Frondicularian, later ones Nodosarian :
Genus A tupliim orph i na .
Early chambers j;hnhd(Xionian,\ntev ones Nodosarian Genus DoituUuopsis.
Test pfdythaiamons; segments arranged spirally around the long axis; rarely
biserlal and alternate Subfamily Polymoui'HININ.k.
MonoiiKuphous.
Segments bi- or tri-serial or irregularly spiral; aperture radiate:
Genus rohiiiiorphiiia.
Segments arranged spirally around the long axis of the shell (rarely bise-
rial); aperture simple, usually surrounded by a phialine lip:
(Jen us Urigerina.
Dimorphous.
Early segments Polymer pliinc, later ones Nodosarian Genus Dimorpliina.
Early segments Urigcrine, later ones Nodosarian Genus Sagrina.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 263
Test im'gularly brandling Siiblainily J^aimulimn.k.
C()ni])()sed of spliiTical or pyriform cliaml>ers, connected by long stoloniferous
tubes Genus luonnlhui.
Family VII. Chilostomellid.k.
Segments oval, eacli springing from the base of the previous one and entirely envel-
oping it Genus EUipnoid'uHt.
Segments oval, put on alternately at either end of the test (Jenus Chiloslomella.
Segments alternating at three sides so as to leave exposed portions of two segments
and the whole of the final one Genus AUoinorphitKC.
Family ^'III. Gloiugerinid.e.
Test a single spherical chamber perforated with large and small foramina:
Genus Orhiu'ma.
Test rotaliform, trochoid or ^lanospiral ; segments few, inflated, coarsely perforate<l :
( ienus (ilohUjerhm.
Test regularly nautiloid and involute; walls thin, finely perforated, spinons:
Gen us llastujerhi a .
Test regularly or obliquely nautiloid and involute; walls thick, smooth, very finely
perforated Genus I'uUeuiu.
Test nearly globular, composed of a few coiled segments Genns SpluvroiiUua.
Test trochoid, segments inflated, finely perforated; aperture consisting of rows of
pores along the septal deiiressious (Jeuus Cundiina.
Family IX. Rotalid.e.
Test spiral, uonseptate Subfamily Spirillinin.e.
A complanate, nonseptate tube, free or attached Cienus SpiriUiiia.
Test spiral, septate, rotaliform; rarely evolute, very rarely irregular or acervuliue:
Subfamily Rotalin.e.
Conical; consisting of an external s])iral or annular layer of chambers, the
interior of the cone being filled with hyaline substance or by a mass of com-
pressed chambers Genns J'atellina.
Troclioid or complanate, spiral at the apex, later segments often annular or
irregular; apertures opening into a deep central Acstibnle, or sometimes con-
sisting of sntural pores or bordered foramina Genus Cyiiihaloitova.
Trochoid or planoconvex, rarely complanate; rather coarsely porous; aperture
an arched slit at the umbilical margin of the last segment, often ])rotected bj^
an nmbilical flap Genus Discorhtna.
Complanate; early segments spiral, later ones cyclical; apertures peripheral:
Genns Flanorhiilhia.
Upper side usually more convex than the lower; very finely porous; aperture a
large slit at the umbilical end of the inferior sutural margin of the last seg-
ment , Genus riilriiiiilhta.
Lower side usually the more ccmvex; very finely porous; aperture a neatly
arched slit near the middle of the inferior sntural margin of the last segment :
Genus Hoialia.
Lower side usually the more convex; coarsely porous; aperture near th(> outer
end of the final suture, sometimes with a phialine neck. ..(ilenus rriiiicatiilinti.
Nearly alike on the two faces; coarsely porous (Jenns Anomal'ma.
Lenticular, iieriphery furnished with radiating spines Genus Val carina.
Convex or monticulate, adherent; segments few, spreading radially or super-
imposed; apei'ture at the end of the final segment Genns Carpentcria.
Coluuuiar, adherent by a slightly spreading base; segments numerous, spinil;
aperture at the inner margin of the final segment (Jeuus Unpertia.
264 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Tt'st cousistinji; of irregularly heaped cbaraLers 8ul)fan)ily Tixoi'orix.e
Lenticular or subspba-roidal, with radiatiiiij; marginal 8]iini'8 and tnberculated
surface; chambers arranged in tiers on each side of a central ])lanosi)iral disk:
Genus Tinoporus.
8pb:eroidal or spreading, without spines; free or adherent, structure acervuline,
radiating or laminated; chambers rounded or polyhedral, coarsely perforated;
no general aperture Genus Giipsina.
i'binocon vex, spreading, adherent; chambers acervuline; wall linely perforated ;
apertures numerous, marginal Genus Apliroshia.
G(dumnar, branching, attached by the base; segments numerous, crowded
around the long axis; coarsely perforated; no general aperture:
Genus TItalamopora.
Encrusting or branching, parasitic; surface arecdated; color ]iink or sometimes
white (Jenus rohjlremn.
Family X. Nummulinid/E.
Bilaterally synnnetrical; chambers extending from end to onA and arranged in con-
volutions perpendicular to the long axis of the shell ..Subfamily Fi'suLiNiN/E.
Fusiform or subglobular ; chambers entire Genus Fusiilina.
Subglobular, elongated or subcylindrical; chambers subdivided by secondary
septa CJenus Schnuigenna.
Bilaterally symmetrical, nautiloid Subfamily Poi^ystomei.lin.e.
Supplemental skeleton absent or rudiuu-ntary ; no external septal pores or
bridges ; aperture a curved slit ; (ienus Nonioniiia.
Supplementary skeleton, septal biidges and canal system present; aperture a
V-shaped line of perforations at the base of the septal face.. Genus Folystomclla.
Lenticular or complanate Subfamily Nummulitin.e.
Lenticular, consisting of a coiled nonseptate tulio embedded in a mass of shell
substance Genus Archddisctis.
Lenticular, spiral, ineiiuilateral; chambers e(]uitaut, simple above, constricted
into two ])ortions below Genus Amph iufcf/i^a.
(!om])lanate and planos]>iral, all the convolutions visible; chambers undivided*
Genus OprrcnUna.
Complanate and ])lanos)>iral ; chambers dixided into chamberlets:
(4 e u u s He tcrosi ei/ i n a .
Jjcnticular, planftspiral, e(|uilateral ; chambers c(|uitant, each convolution nearly
or (juite enclosing all the ])revious ones (ienus u^'^iimmuUtcs.
Complanate, regular, equitant, but the alar prolongations thin and transparent,
exposing the outlines of previous convolutions Genus Assilina.
Complanate with thickened center, or lenticular Subfamily Cycloclypeix.e.
Composed of a single layer of chambers arranged in concentric annuli, with
superimposed lamina; of finely tubulated shell substance thickest at the center:
Genus CijcJoclypeus.
Composed of a single layer of concentric (diambers, with superimposed layers of
llattened chambei lets (xenus Orhitoides.
CATALOGUE.
Family II. ASTRORHIZID.I5.
Test invariably composite, usually of large size and monothalamous;
often branched or radiate, sometimes segmented by constriction of the
walls, but seldom or never truly se]>tate; polythalamous forms never
symmetrical.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 265
Walls tliiok, composed of loose sand or mud, very sliglitly cemented.
Genus ASTRORHIZA.
Test fusiform or de]>ressed. Depressed forms citlior siihlenticular
with angular or irregularly radiate margin, or in branching masses.
Apertnies at the end of each ray or braiicli.
ASTRORHIZA GRANULOSA Brady.
(Plat.' L)
Test fusiform, composed of fine gray sand ratlicr loosely cemented 5
cavity a tube of nearly uniform diameter, open at both ends; extremities
of the test often tinged brown. Section shows thickness of shell aud
dimensions of cavity. Length, 4.5 mm. (j% inch), more or less.
Xoro/ (7^.— North Atlantic (stations L>r)68, 2r)70, 272.3), l,ns."5 to 1.781
fathoms.
ASTRORHIZA CRASSATINA Brady.
(Plate 2.)
Test elongate, irregularly cylindrical. Differs from A. {iranulnsa in
that the cavity is more or less constricted at uncertain intervals.
Length, 6 mm. {\^ inch) or more.
Localities. — North Atlantic off (ieorges Bank, off" Long Island, and
off Chesapeake Bay (stations 2570, 2580, 2723), 328 to 1,813 fathoms.
ASTRORHIZA ANGULOSA Brady.
(Plates, fig. 1.)
Test irregularly triangular, depressed, thick, fragile, composed of fine
gray sand loosely coherent; cavity a central globular chamber with
tubes radiating to the angles and terminating in simple apertures.
Section to show the cavity.
Locaiitji. — Marthas Vineyard (station 25()9), 1,782 fjithoms.
ASTRORHIZA ARENARIA Norman.
(Plate:!, li,;;-. 2.)
Test compressed, radiate or branched, composed of line gray sand
loosel}' cemented; very fragile; cavity corresponds with the form of
the test; aperture at the end of each ray or branch.
Localifie.s. — Off Marthas Vineyard and (ieorges Bank (stations 2547,
2570, 2586), 328 to 1,813 fathoms.
'* Genus PELOSINA.
Test free, typically monothalamous; rounded, cylindrical, tapering
or irregularlj' fusiform ; walls composed of mud with a chitinous lining;
aperture single, terminal.
266 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
PELOSINA VARIABILIS Brady.
(Plate 4, fig. 1.)
Specimens both cylindrical and flask-shaped, one of them consisting
of two quite ii're.u'ular chambers; walls composed of mud with an
occasional adhering shell. Length, 3 to 6 mm. (i to | inch). Much
larger specimens are common.
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 2395), 347 fathoms.
Genus STORTHOSPH^ER A.
Test subglobular, very irregular externally; interior smooth.
STORTHOSPHiERA ALBIDA Schultze.
(Plate 4, fig. 2.)
Subglobular or ovoid; surftice roughened by prominent, rather thin
ridges and protuberances; wall of medium and variable thickness,
composed of very fine sand loosely cemented; cavity rounded, smooth;
no visible aperture; color very light gray. Diameter, about 1.5 mm.
(-1-6 inch).
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 2385), 730 fathoms.
Hulatairiily r»IIjXJLIN"I]Sr..ZE.
Test monothalamous; walls thick, composed chiefly of felted sponge
spicules and tine sand, without calcareous or other cement.
Genus PILULINA.
Test nearly spherical ; aperture a long and more or less curved slit.
PILULINA JEFFREYSII Carpenter.
(Plate 5.)
Test spherical, thin, fragile, composed of sponge spicules and fine
sand; cavity undivided, smooth; aperture a narrow curved slit with
slightly protuberent lips. Section shows the large smooth cavity with
thin walls. Diameter varies from 3.25 to 3 mm. {._^,^ to ^ inch).
Ijocality. — North Atlantic; station not recorded.
Genus CRITHIONINA.
Labyriuthic or cavernous, or having a central undivided cavity with
subcavernous walls.
CRITHIONINA PISUM Goes.
(Plate 6, fig. 1.)
Usually globular, sometimes elongated or compressed; surface regu-
lar; wall thick, soft, composed of fine sand and sponge spicules very
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 267
loosely aggregated ; color grayish white; eavitj^ smooth, with or with-
out more or less numerous pits or depressions in the walls; no traces
of septa; no visible aperture. Average diameter, about 1.5 mm. (ir
inch).
fjocfdities. — North Atlantic, off Marthas Vineyard ;ind Block Island
^stations L»r)84, 2."i8(>, 2221, 2234), 328 to 1,525 fathoms.
CRITHIONINA PISUM, variety HISPIDA, new.
(Plate 6, fig, 2.)
In form like C. pisum, but smaller; characterized by the bristly
appearance of the surface, caused by tlie projection of great numbers
of sponge spicules arranged for the most part nearly perpendicular to
the smiace of the test. The very hisi)id tests have thinner walls than
those with fewer projecting spicules; texture of walls and shape of
cavity same as ('. j>/s»?». No visible aperture.
Localitieft. — Southeast of Georges Bank, Gulf of Mexico, and coast
of Oregon (stations 2570, 2571, 2379, 2391, 3080), 93 to 1,813 fathoms.
Genus BATHYSIPHON.
Test long, cylindrical, slightly tapering; in the form of a straight or
curved tube open at both ends.
BATHYSIPHON RUFUM de Folin.
(Plato 7.)
Test long, very slender, tapering gradually, smooth and polished
externally, rather conspicuously constricted at verj^ irregular intervals
along its whole length; color a rich reddish brown; walls of medium
thickness, composed of fine sand firmly and evenl^^ cemented; cavity
corresponds to the external form, the constrictions being equally marked
M'ithin and without; apertures simjtle and terminal. Length, 3 to
9 mm. (^ to ^ inch); diameter, 0.375 mm. (-g\ inch) or less.
Localities.— ih\]{ of Mexico and off the coast of Brazil (stations
2385, 2760), 730 to 1,019 fathoms.
SiibfaiTiily RACCAlVCTTSrilSr.,^.
Chambers nearly spherical; walls thin, composed of firmly cemented
sand grains or siiells of foraminifera.
Genus PSAMMOSPH^^R A.
Test a single globular chamber without any general aperture, the
l)seudopodia issuing from interstitial orifices.
2G8 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
PSAMMOSPHiqERA FUSCA Shulze.
(Plate 8, i]g. 1.)
Nearly spherical, free or adberent, rough, constructed of compara-
tively large white grains of sand firmly cemented in a single layer;
cavity as smooth as the nature of the material will admit, but not lined
with cement substance, nor arc the angles between the sand grains
smoothly filled; no general aperture; color of the cement substance
light grayish brown. Diameter, about 1.;") mm. (y^g- inch).
Loialiti/. — Off Havana (station 2343), 279 fathoms. A variety of this
species, taken off the coast of South Carolina, has a test constructed
of coarse black sand; the cement is light brown, as in the other.
PSAMMOSPHiERA FUSCA, variety TESTACEA, new.
(I'liiteS, iig. 1'.)
Diliers from the type principally in tlie composition of the walls,
which are constructed of a single layer of dead shells of foraminifera.
It is generall}' larger and very rough, resembling an accidental agglom-
eration of shells, but showing in section a smooth cavity, as in the
strictly arenaceous forms.
Locality. — Found only in the (iulf of Mexico (stations 2358, 2383,
2399), 190 to 1,181 fathoms. .
PSAMMOSPH^^RA PARVA (P. FUSCA Brady).
(Plato 9, lij--. 1.)
Test free or adherent; spherical ^hen free; when adherent having a
smooth facet, usually with an incomplete wall on the attached side.
Diameter, about O.()2o mm. (/q- inch); walls thin, composed of fine sand
firndy united, the cement substance filling in smoothly the interstices
and angles of the sand grains, both externally and internally; test
often built around a long sponge spicule, which transfixes the test,
both ends of the spicule i)rotruding; color deep reddish brown. This
species is included with P. /ii.svd by lirady, "Keport on the Forami-
nifera," but the characters are quite distinct, and no intermediate
forms have been found.
Locality. — Coast of r»razil (station 27(50), 1,019 fathoms.
Genus SACCAMMINA.
One or several globular, pyriform or fusiform chambers, with distinct
ajtertures. Polythalamous forms, with or without stoloniferous connec-
tions between the chambers.
DESCKIl'TIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FOHAMINIFEIJA. 2G9
SACCAMMINA SPHERICA M. Sars.
(Plate!*, fig. 2.)
Test globular or slightly pear shaped, smoothly and strongly built of
medium-sized grains of sand; aperture a simple tubular opeuiug iu the
more or less protuberant end of the shell. Diameter, about 1 mm. (-2^5
inch).
Locality.— Ort' the Coast of Brazil (station l'7(i()^, l,(Hi> fathoms.
SACCAMMINA CONSOCIATA, new species.
(Plate 9, (ig. S.)
Free or adherent, subglobular; surface <'oarse and rough; walls tliin,
composed of rather coarse sand mixed with sponge spicules; color a
rich reddish brown: orifices one or several, at the end of long slender
tubes, (ienerally united into colonies, either iu straight series, or
curved, or confused, connected by stoloniferous tubes. J)iameter of
individual tests, 0.4 to 0.8 mm. [,X„ to .,\, inch).
Local it I/. —Off Bahia, Brazil (station 2700), l.dl!) fathoms.
Test coin[)osed of firmly cemented sand grains, often with sponge
spicules intermixed; tubular; straight, radiate, branched, or irregular;
free or adhereut, with one, two, or more apertures; rarely segmented.
Genus JACULELLA.
Test elongate, tapering; aperture at the broad end.
JACULELLA ACUTA Brady.
(Plate 9, fig. 4.)
Long, cylindrical, taperiug, closed at the pointed end when perfect,
open at the broad end ; walls constructed of coarse sand : surface rough ;
color, light brown. Length, about 3 mm. (j^ inch).
Locality. — Not recorded.
Genus HYPERAMMINA.
Test free or adherent; consisting of a long, sim})le or bran(,'hiug, arena-
ceous tube, the primordial end of which is closed and rounded; the
opposite extremity, which is open and but little if at ail constricted,
forming the general a[)erture; interior smooth.
HYPERAMMINA FRIABILIS Brady.
(Plate 10, lig. 1.)
Test free, consisting of a long straight tube, one end closed and
slightly iuHated, tlie other end slightly contracted, forming a simi)le
rounded aperture; cavity corres[)onds to the external form of the test ;
270 UEl'OHT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
walls thill, constructed of moderately tine saiid, or sometimes almost
entirely of sponge spicules.
Lomlith's. — ISTortli Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico (stations 2399,
2400, 22;54, 2570), 200 to 1,800 fathoms.
HYPERAMMINA ELONGATA Brady.
(Plate 10, Hg. 2.)
Long, straight, slender, cylindrical, the inferior extremity slightly
inflated and closed, the oral end little if at all contracted; comj)osed
either of tine sand or of broken sponge spicules firmly cemented; color
deep reddish brown. Differs from H. friahilis in the much smaller
diameter of the cylinder, the relatively greater length, and the firmer
walls.
LocalitieH. — Gulf of Mexico, the North Atlantic 200 miles southeast
of Marthas Vineyard, and the coast of Brazil (stations 2394:, 25G8, 2760,
2352, 2355, 2399), 190 to 1,781 fathoms.
HYPERAMMINA RAMOSA Brady.
(Plate 11, tig. 1.)
Test free, commencing as a globular, inflated chamber, continuing as
a long, crooked, branching tube; walls composed of sand or of sand
mixed with sponge spicules; color, light brown.
Localities. — Off Cape Hatteras and in the Gulf of Mexico (stations
2115, 2352, 2383), 103 to 1,181 fathoms.
HYPERAMMINA VAGANS Brady.
(Plate 11, fig. 2.)
Test commences in a spherical chamber and continues as a slender
unbranched tube of nearly even diameter and of indefinite length ; some-
times partly free, but for the most part wandering over the surface of
fragments of shells of mollusks, or of foraininifera, in a confused, tor-
tuous and aimless way, or coiled irregularly upon itself; walls thin,
composed of fine sand; color brown.
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 2399), 190 fathoms.
Genus MARSIPELLA.
Test fusiform or cylindrical, with an aperture at each end; largely
composed of sponge-spicules, especially near the extremities.
MARSIPELLA ELONGATA Norman.
(Plate 12, lig. 1.)
Long, slender, fusiform, curved or crooked; walls thin, composed of
sand or sponge-spicules, or both, the middle portion of the test usually
having the larger proportion of sand; in some instances a layer of sand
DESCRIPTIVK CATAI.oraiE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 271
overlies the fiiiidameiital structure of sponge-spicules. Lenj^tli, 3 to 4
mm. (i to i inch).
Localities. — Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and oil Cape Fear (sta-
tions 2150, 2383, 2677), 382 to 1,181 fathoms.
Genus RHABDAMMINA.
Test rectilinear, radiate, or irregularly branching; with or without a
central chamber; the open ends of the tubes fornung the ai)ertures.
RHABDAMMINA ABYSSORUM M. Sars.
(riate 12, tig. 2.)
Test free, radiate, most commonly with three rays in the same plane,
but occasionally with four or live or more rays sometimes projecting
irregularly from the central body; walls thin; central chamber small;
the tubular arms terminating in simple rounded apertures. The speci-
mens exhibited are below the av^erage in size, but were selected for con-
venience of mounting. Section shows the form of the cavity, and
thickness of the walls.
Locality, — Gulf of Mexico (station 2383), 1,181 fathoms.
RHABDAMMINA DISCRETA Brady.
(Plate 13.)
Test in the form of a long, straight cyhnder, slightly constricted at
irregular intervals and open at both ends; cavity smooth; walls rather
thin, constructed of coarse sand firmly cemented. Sometimes reaches
a length of an inch or more.
Locality. — Off Chesapeake Bay (station 2731), 781 fathoms.
RHABDAMMINA LINEARIS Brady.
(Plate 14, fig. 1.)
Test free, long, straight or slightly bent, cylindrical, having an oval,
inrtated central chamber with two long arms projecting in opposite
directions on the same linej tubular portion slightly tapering; walls
vary in texture from very fine sand mixed with sponge-spicules to (^uite
coarse angular sand grains; cavity corresponds to the outward form of
the test; apertures simple, one at each end. Length, 3 to 12 mm. (^ to
i inch).
Localities. — Off' Georges Bank, and off the coast of Brazil (stations
2570, 2760), 1,019 and 1 ,813 fathoms.
RHABDAMMINA CORNUTA Brady.
(Plate 14, fig. 2.)
Test free, asj^mmetrical, consisting of an inflated chamber of irregu-
lar contour, and numerous short arms radiating from the surface; walls
thin, composed of a single layer of rather coarse grains of white sand.
2 i 2 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, lb!J7.
sometimes mixed with spouge spicules, firmly united by a brown cement
substance; arms tubular, termiuatinj^- in simple rounded apertures.
Localities. — •North Atlantic, and the Caribbean !Sea (stations 2115,
2150, 2234, 2571), 380 to 1,350 fathoms.
Genus RHIZAMMIN A.
Unattached masses of line, flexible, simple or branching* chitino-
arenaceous tubes.
RHIZAMMINA INDIVISA Brady.
(Plate IT), li..-. 2.)
Slender, flexible, simple, chitinous tubes of a brownish color, thickly
incrusted \vith small foraminifera (mostly Globigeriua) and very fine
sand. Test more or less contorted in drying; generally tapering toward
the extremities; apertures terminal, simple. Length, 3 to (! mm. (i to 5
inch).
Localities. — Southward of Long Island, the Straits of Yucatan, the
Gulf of Mexico, and the coast of Brazil (stations 2234, 2355,2380,2760),
400 to 1,400 lathoms.
RHIZAMMINA ALG^FORMIS Brady.
(Plate 15, ti.i;-. 1.)
Slender, chitinous tubes, incrusted with fine sand or small forami-
nifera; dichotomously branched; quite flexible while wet, very brittle
when dry; found in tangled masses, from which it is extremely difficult
to separate an unbroken specimen. Lengtb, indefinite; may be an inch
or more; diameter of tube, 0.12 to 0.3 mm. (v^o to -^\- inch).
Locality. ff the west coast of Mexico (station 3415), 1879 fathoms.
Family III. LITUOLID.E.
Test arenaceous, usually regular in contour and more or less definitely
segmented; chambers frequently labyrinthic.
BulDfkiriily LI'i''XJOI.IlsrJS:.
Test composed of coarse sand grains, rough externally; often laby-
rinthic.
Genus REOPHAX.
Test free; composed ol" a single flask-shajied chamber, or of several
united in a straight, curved, or irregular line; never spiral.
REOPHAX DIFFLUGIFORMIS Brady.
(Plate 16, lig. 2.)
Test free, small, oval, pja'iform, or flask-shaped; walls thin, inclosing
a single undivided chamber, and comi)osed of rather coarse mvA firmliy
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 273
cemented; aperture a single, simple, round opening. Length, 0.35 to
0.75 mm. {-J^ to -/j- inch).
Localities. — Cape Hatteras, in the Gulf of Mexico, and off New York
(stations 2115, 2377, 2394, 2530, 2550, 2584), 400 to 1,000 fathoms.
REOPHAX DIFFLUGIFORMIS Brady, variety TESTACEA, new.
(Plate 16, fig. 1.)
Identical with the preceding, except that the test is much larger and
composed entirely of small empty shells of foraminifera. Section shows
the undivided chamber and the walls constructed of a single layer of
shells.
Locality. — Southward of Long Island (station 2234), 810 fathoms.
REOPHAX SCORPIURUS Montfort.
(Plates 16, fig. 3; 17, fig. 1.)
Consists of a series of segments, few in number, irregular in shape,
joined in a more or less curved or crooked line. The walls may be com-
posed entirely of sand or of the shells of foraminifera, or in part of each.
Localities. — Off Marthas Vineyard, and southeast of Georges Bank
(stations 2221, 2570), 1,525 and 1,813 fathoms.
REOPHAX BILOCULARIS, new species.
(Plate 17, fig. 2.)
Composed of two segments united end to end in a straight or curved
line; primary segment oval, ovate, or cylindrical, constricted at the junc-
tion with the final segment, which is ovate, inflated, and terminates in
a tubular neck with a round orifice; Avails composed of a single layer
of shells of dead foraminifera, both small and large, mixed with fine
sand; surface often very irregular when large shells are built into the
walls. Length, about 1.5 mm. (i^j inch).
This seems to be an intermediate form between R. difflugiformis and
R. scorpiurus. Goes ^ figures a similar si^ecimen under the name
R. nodulosus pygmceus, but another specimen under the same name is
figured having five segments. No example having more than two seg-
ments has been found among the hundreds taken from material dredged
off Cape Fear (station 2679), 782 fathoms.
REOPHAX PILULIFERA Brady.
(Plate 18, fig. 1 )
Segments three to five, inflated, rapidly increasing in size from the
first, forming a conical curved test; walls composed of coarse sand,
rough; color, brown; aperture simple, terminal. Length, about 1.5 mm.
(re inch).
Locality.— O^ Bahia, Brazil (station 2760), 1,019 fathoms.
' Arct. and Scand. Foram.
NAT MUS 97 18
274 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
REOPHAX DENTALINIFORMIS Brady.
(Plate 18, fig. 2.)
Test cylindrical, tapering, slightly curved, made up of four to six
elougate, slightly inflated segments arranged in linear series. Walls
composed of rather coarse sand, firmly cemented; aperture in the pro-
longed end of the terminal segment. Length, 1.5 to 3 mm. (iV to ^ inch).
Locality. — ISTot recorded.
REOPHAX BACILLARIS Brady.
(Plate 18, fig. 3.)
Long, slender, cylindrical, straight or slightly bent, tapering grad-
ually, composed of numerous segments (fifteen to twenty); sutures
between the earliest segments indistinguishable, the later segments
inflated and the sutures well marked ; aperture simple, in the terminal
segment; color, light gray. Length, 1.5 to 3 mm. {-^ to | inch).
Localities. — Nantucket Shoals, off Trinidad, south of Cuba, south-
east of Marthas Vineyard, off Chesapeake Bay (stations 2011, 2221,
2228, 2508, 2723), 1,500 to 1,800 fathoms.
REOPHAX NODULOSA Brady.
(Plate 18, fig. 4.)
A long, cylindrical, tapering, straight or slightly bent test, composed
of several (commonly six to ten) oblong or pyriform segments, arranged
in linear series, slightly embracing; walls thin, arenaceous, smooth
within and without; color, a rich brown; aperture simple, terminal.
Section shows the smooth chambers and the thin embracing walls.
Locality.— Gn\t of Mexico (stations 2385, 2395), 730 and 347 fathoms.
REOPHAX ADUNCA Brady.
(Plato 18, fig. 5.)
The distinguishing characteristics of this species are the inflated
segments, their nearly equal diameter, and their irregular arrangement
in a crooked line of succession. It is of smaller size and coarser
structure than the other polythalamous species of Reophax.
Localities.— 0& coast of Maryland and in Gulf of Mexico (stations
2228, 2338), 1,582 and 189 fathoms.
REOPHAX CYLINDRICA Brady,
(Plate 18, fig. 6.)
Elongate, straight, cylindrical, of nearly even diameter, closed and
rounded at the aboral end, constricted at the oral extremity; sutures
marking the union of segments almost wholly obscured; aperture
simple, central, terminal; chambers regular in form, separated by thick.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 275
flat septal plates. Leugtli, about 2.5 mm. {-^ incli); diameter, 0.4 mm.
(-1,- iucb).
Locality. — A single specimen obtained about 200 miles southeast of
Marthas Vineyard (station 2568), ], 781 fathoms.
Genus HAPLOPHRAGMIUM.
Test free; partially or entirely spiral; nautiloid or crosier shaped;
chambers numerous, not labyrinthic.
HAPLOPHRAGMIUM AGGLUTINANS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 19, iig.2.)
Commences as a small, flat spiral of little more than a single con-
volution; continues as a straight series of cylindrical segments, grad-
ually increasing in size; walls constructed of more or less coarse sand;
surface rough, sutural lines indistinct; aperture central at the end of
the final segment. Section shows form and arrangement of chambers.
Localities. — IS^orth Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico (stations 2041, 2115,
2385, 2374, 25G8, 257G, 2G79), 18 to 1,700 fathoms.
HAPLOPHRAGMIUM CALCAREUM Brady.
(Plate 19, fi.ii'. 1.)
A large, coarse, compressed, falciform shell, with a short spiral por-
tion and a more or less extended straight part, comi)osed of two to six
well defined, broad segments; walls constructed of rather coarse coral
sand neatly joined and firmly cemented; aperture simple, terminal.
Length, about 3 mm. (^ inch).
Locality. — Arrowsmith Bank, Straits of Yucatan (station 2355), 399
fathoms.
HAPLOPHRAGMIUM TENUIMARGO Brady.
(Plate 19, fig. 3.)
Test small, much compressed, the edges thin and jagged; segmenta-
tion obscure, early arrangement spiral, later rectilinear; walls of coarse
sand; surface rough; aperture simple, terminal. Length, 0.75 to 1.5
mm. (gV to tV inch).
Localities. — Off Cape Hatteras and off Block Island (stations 2115,
2584), 843 and 541 fiithoms.
HAPLOPHRAGMIUM CASSIS Parker.
(Plate 19, fig. 4.)
Small, compressed, somewhat sigmoidal in outline, the edges rounded ;
segmentation obscure, early arrangement spiral, later arrangement
linear, but the segments becoming broader and more and more diag-
onally placed; walls of coarse sand, but the surface comparatively
276 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
smooth; color light gray; aperture at the end of the final segment.
Length, about 1.5 mm. (j^r inch).
Locality. — Portland, Maine, 4 to 5 fathoms.
HAPLOPHRAGMIUM FOLIACEUM Brady.
(Plate ly, tig. 6.)
Flat on both sides and extremely thin, the early spiral convolutions
quite distinct, the rectilinear segments broad and with sutural lines
evident; walls smooth and built of rather coarse sand; color reddish-
brown; aperture a terminal slit. Length, about 1.25 mm. {-^-^ inch).
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico and off Marthas Vineyard (stations 2377,
2568), 210 and 1,781 fathoms.
HAPLOPHRAGMIUM EMACIATUM Brady.
(Plate 19, fig. 5.)
Thin, flat, nearly circular in outline, consisting- of about two convo-
lutions made up of numerous segments; lines of union of the segments
more or less indistinct; walls composed of sand, or of sand and sponge
spicules mixed, or sometimes almost wholly of broken sponge spicules
arranged in an orderly manner parallel to the spiral axis of growth;
color brown ; aperture a transverse arched slit at the base of the final
segment. Diameter, about 1 mm. {-^^ inch).
Localities. — West coast of Cuba, and off coast of Brazil, (stations 2352,
2700), 463 and 1,019 fathoms.
HAPLOPHRAGMIUM LATIDORSATUM Bornemann.
(Plate 20, fig. 1.)
A simple planospiral shell of about three convolutions, the segments
rapidly increasing in size, the final convolution completely inclosing
the others. Contour subglobular, septal lines distinct; aperture a
slightly irregular transverse slit at the base of the final segment, with
thin, well-formed lips; color grayish-brown. Diameter, about 1.5 mm.
("iV inch). Section shows the arrangement of chambers, and the thick,
rather coarsely arenaceous walls.
Localities. — Off" iSTantucket iSlioals and Gulf of Mexico (stations 2041,
2352, 2385, 2586), 300 to 1,600 fathoms.
HAPLOPHRAGMIUM SCITULUM Brady.
(Plate 20, fig. 2.)
A ])lanospiral shell of about three convolutions, somewhat flattened
on both sides, depressed at the center, the outer convolution more or
less completely concealing the others; walls composed of rather fine
sand, firmly and smoothly joined; color light brown; aperture as in
//. laticlorsatum. Diameter, about 0.625 mm. {-^^ inch). Section shows
thin walls, and series of chambers in three convolutions.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 277
Localities. — West coast of Cuba, soutb of Black Island, west coast of
Patagonia, (stations 2352, 2584, 2784, 3080), 93 to 541 fathoms.
HAPLOPHRAGMIUM CANARIENSE d'Orbigny.
(Plato 20, lig. 3.)
Plauospiial, much compressed, especially the earlier convolutions,
the segments of the final convolution more or less inflated; structure
coarsely arenaceous; surface rough; color reddish to grayish-brown;
aperture a short transverse slit, with thin projecting lips, situated near
the inner margin of the last segment. Diameter, about 1.25 mm. {^
inch).
Localities. — Off Nantucket shoals, south of Black Island, and coast
of Oregon (stations 2251, 2584, 3080), 43 to 540 fathoms.
HAPLOPHRAGMIUM GLOBIGERINIFORME Parker and Jones.
(Plate 21, fig. 1.)
Has the same form as Glohigcrina hulloidcs, being composed of a series
of gradually enlarging segments arranged spirally around a perpen-
dicular axis, all the segments being visible on one face of the shell, and
only the final convolution on the other. Walls composed of rather coarse
sand, firmly and neatly cemented; color brown ; aperture at the central
margin of the final convolution. Size very variable.
Localities. — Oft' IsTan tucket Shoals, off Cape Hatteras, southeast of
Marthas Vineyard, oft" coast of Brazil (stations 2041, 2115, 2568, 2760),
840 to 1,780 fathoms.
Genus HAPLOSTICHE.
Test free, uniserial, straight or arcuate; never spiral; chambers laby-
riuthic.
HAPLOSTICHE SOLDANII Jones and Parker.
(Plate 21, iig. 3.)
Elongate, cylindrical or tapeiing, rounded at the extremities, con-
sisting of several (five to ten) chambers arranged in linear series;
segments slightly embracing, lines of union indistinct; texture coarsely
arenaceous; color light-gray; chambers subdivided by secondary septa;
aperture porous or branched. Length, about 3 mm. (J inch). Section
shows the structure of the walls, the arrangement of the chambers and
their labyriuthic character.
Localities.— Gulf of Mexico (stations 2377, 2399), 210 and 196 fathoms.
Test thin, composed of minute sand grains incorporated with calcare-
ous or other inorganic cement, or embedded in a chitinous membrane;
exterior smooth, often polished; interior smooth or (rarely) reticulated,
never labyriuthic.
278 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897,
Genus THURAMMINA.
Test typically consisting of a single Orbulina-like chamber with
several mammillate apertures.
THURAMMINA PAPILLATA Brady.
(Plate 22, fig. 1.)
Test sjiherical, with very thin walls constrncted of fine sand grains
firmly and smoothly cemented, inclosing a single uudivaded chamber.
The surface is studded with more or less numerous nipple like i)roc-
esses, each of which terminates in a simple aperture; color, various
shades of brown. Diameter, 0.0 to 1.5 mm. (-4-0 to y^ inch).
Localities. — South of Long Island, Gulf of Mexico, southeast Georges
Bank, coast of Brazil (stations 2225, 2383, 2385, 2570, 2760), 730 to 2,512
fathoms.
THURAMMINA FAVOSA new species.
(Plate 21, fig. 2.)
Test spherical; walls very thin, arenaceous, brown; surface orna-
mented with a network of thin prominent ridges extending uniformly
over the whole test, forming hexagonal pits; cavity smooth; apertures
numerous, small, at the end of short tubular processes from some of the
points of junction of the ridges. Diameter, about 0.8 mm. (3^0 inch).
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (stations 2371, 2391), 20 and 420 fathoms.
THURAMMINA CARIOSA new species.
(Plate 22, fig. 2.)
Spherical; surface rough, as if eroded; walls rather thick, cavernous;
cavity globular, smooth; apertures not tubular; color a dirty brown.
Differs from T. favosa in the thicker walls and coarser structure, the
eroded rather than reticulated surface, the cavernous walls, and the
nontubular orifices. Diameter, about 1 mm. (2V iucb).
Xom/i%.— Gulf of Mexico (stations 2385, 2394), 420 and 730 fathoms.
Genus AMMODISCUS.
Test free, formed of a tube coiled npon itself in various ways; some-
times constricted at intervals, never truly septate.
AMMODISCUS INCERTUS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 23, fig. 2.)
A thin disk, concave on both faces, composed of numerous convolu-
tions of a narrow, nouseptate tube, whose diameter increases very
gradually from beginning to end; walls arenaceous, smooth; color in
various shades of brown; aperture the uncoustricted end of the tube.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OP RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 27i)
Section shows a simple tube, without initial globular cavity, coiled upon
itself in about twenty convolutions. ])iameter, 0.75 to 3 mm. (-3^ to ^
inch).
Localities. — Off coast of Maryland, south of Marthas Vineyard, Gulf
of Mexico, coast of Brazil (stations 2171, 2243, 2383, 2385, 2580, 2700),
03 to 1,180 fathoms.
AMMODISCUS TENUIS Brady.
(Plate 23, tig. 1.)
A flattened disk, slightly, if at all, concave on the two faces, formed
of a simple uncoustricted tube of nearly uniform diameter coiled upon
itself, each convolution slightly embraciug the preceding. Differs from
the last described species chiefly in the uniform size of the tube, and in
the smaller number of convolutions. Diameter, about 2 mm. ( jV inch).
Localities. — Off Cape Hatteras, off Nantucket Shoals, Gulf of Mexico,
Panama Bay (stations 2115, 2352, 2385, 2395, 2805), 50 to 850 fathoms.
AMMODISCUS GORDIALIS Jones and Parker.
(Plate 24, fig. 1.)
Small, unsyinmotrical in form, most often imperfectly lenticular;
formed of a single tube of nearly uniform diameter coiled upon itself in
varying directions. The degree of variation from the flat spiral differs
with each specimen. Color light brown. Diameter, about 0.5 mm.
(sV inch).
Localities. — Off Nantucket Shoals, southeast of Marthas Vineyard,
and oft' coast of Oregon (stations 2041, 2508, 3080), 100 to 1,800 fathoms.
AMMODISCUS CHAROIDES Jones and Parker.
(Plate 21, tig. 2.)
Small, subglobular, formed of a narrow tube of uniform diameter
coiled regularly in a series of superimposed layers, often terminating in
a partial or complete convolution wound around the globular coil in a
rectangular or diagonal direction; color brown; surface smooth and
polished ; aperture the open end of the tube. Diameter, 0.4 mm. {-^^
inch).
Localities. — Off Nantucket Shoals and coast of Oregon (stations 2041,
3080), 90 and 1,600 fathoms.
Genus WEBBINA.
Test adherent; consisting either of a single tent-like chamber, or of
a number of such chambers connected by adherent stoloniferous tubes.
WEBBINA CLAVATA Jones and Parker.
(Plate 24, tig. 3.)
Test consists of either (1) the half of an oval or pear-shaped chamber,
adherent to a bit of shell or other object which closes the flat side of
the chamber, with a tubular prolongation of indefinite length also
280 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
adliereut and incomplete; or of (2) a tube closed and inflated at one
end, into the walls of which are built on all sides small foraminifera at
rather close and irregular intervals. Texture finely arenaceous; color
brown; aperture simple, terminal.
Localit If. —Gulf of Mexico (stations 2352, 2385), 463 and 730 fathoms.
Genus HORMOSINA.
Test consisting of a single rounded chamber, or, more usually, of
several chambers in a single straight or arcuate series.
HORMOSINA GLOBULIFERA Brady.
(Plate 24, fig. 4.)
Consists of a single spherical chamber, or of several chambers (two
to six), gradually increasing in size, and joined in a straight or slightly
curved series; walls thin, of fine sand, neatly built, aperture simple at
the end of a narrow tubular neck which terminates the final segment;
color varies from white to reddish brown. Section shows the globular
chambers, the thin walls, and the aperture leading to each successive
chamber.
Localities. — Southeast of Georges Bank, and off coast of Brazil (sta-
tions 2530, 2570, 2700), 950 to 1,800 fathoms.
HORMOSINA OVICULA Brady.
(Plate 2-,, lig. 2.)
Orbicular, oval, or pyriform segments, each having a more or less
prolonged tubular neck, the segments arranged in a rectilinear series.
Walls finely arenaceous, often rough externally with projecting sponge
spicules incorporated with the sand. Length, G mm. (4 inch) or less.
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic ofl:" Cape Fear (stations
2383, 2399, 2G77), 200 to 1,200 fathoms.
HORMOSINA CARPENTERI Brady.
(Plate 25, fig. 1.)
Pear-shaped segments, usually with a prolonged neck, nearly uniform
in size, arranged in a curved or crooked series of indefinite length;
walls finely arenaceous, firmly and smoothly cemented; a])erture simple,
terminal ; color light brown. Section shows the thickness and structure
of the walls, and the form of the chambers.
Locality.— Gulf of Mexico (stations 2382, 2383, 2385, 2398, 2400), 109
to 1,255 fathoms.
Genus TROCHAMMINA.
Test free or rarely adherent, rotaliform, nautiloid, or trochoid; more
or less distinctly septate.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 281
TROCHAMMINA PROTEUS Karrer.
(Plate 25, li-;. 3.)
Test formed of a continuous tube, increasing slightly in diameter
from the beginniug, constricted at frequent and irregular intervals,
coiled into the form of a disk, the convolutions being nearly in the
same plane, or sometimes contorted into irregular iorms. Diameter,
1.25 mm. (oIq inch).
Localities. — Off west coast of Cuba, coast of Yucatan, Gulf of Mexico,
Windward Islands, and coast of Brazil (stations 2352, 2355, 2394, 2750,
2760), 400 to 1,000 fathoms.
TROCHAMMINA LITUIFORMIS Brady.
(Plate 26, fig. 1.)
Consists of a simple tube, constricted at irregular intervals, coiled
upon itself at the beginning either in planospiral convolutions or
irregularly, subsequently becoming linear and more or less bent or con-
torted; surface smooth, color light brown; aperture terminal. Length,
5 mm. (3^ inch) or less.
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico and coast of Brazil (stations 2352, 2394,
2395, 27(50), 350 to 1,000 fathoms.
TROCHAMMINA CORONATA Brady.
(Plate 26, fig. 3.)
Test large, thick, biconcave, composed of numerous inflated segments
arranged in a close spiral of three or more convolutions; walls dis-
tinctly arenaceous, even, but not smooth; sutures depressed; color
pale brown or buff; aperture simple, terminal. Diameter, about 2 mm.
(iV inch).
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 2395), 347 fathoms.
TROCHAMMINA CONGLOBATA Brady.
(Plate 26, fig. 2.)
A tumid, subglobular shell, formed of a thin, irregularly segmented
tube coiled upon itself in a constantly varying plane; segments much
inflated, often transversely wrinkled; aperture the open, slightly con-
stricted end of the tube; color brownish white. Diameter, about 1 mm.
(•A iuch).
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 2395), 347 fathoms.
TROCHAMMINA RINGENS Brady.
(Plate 27, fig. 1.)
Test nautiloid, composed of a series of segments, rather rapidly
increasing in size, arranged in planspiral convolutions, the flual whorl
completely inclosing the previous ones; contour ovoid, compressed,
282 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
equally convex on both faces; outer edge ratlier sharp; septal lines
quite distinct; aperture a transverse slit across the inner margin of the
tinal segment; color brown; surface polished. Diameter, about 1.25
mm. (217 inch.)
Localities. — Off coast of Maryland, Gulf of Mexico, southeast of
Marthas Vineyard, coast of California, (stations 2228, 2385, 2394, 2568,
2923), 400 to 1,800 fathoms.
TROCHAMMINA PAUCILOCULATA Brady.
(Plate 27, fig. 2.)
Very small, ovoid, slightly com^jressed, on tbe flattened sides usually
exposing four segments, three of which belong to the final convolution ;
sutures depressed; walls thin, constructed of very fine sand; surface
polished, brown; aperture a short curved slit on the side and near the
margin of the last segment. Length, about 0.5 mm. (5^,- inch).
Localities. — Off coast of South Carolina and southeast of Marthas
Vineyard (stations 2313, 2568), 99 and 1,781 fathoms.
SuTafai-nily LOFTTTSHST^^E.
Test of relatively large size, lenticular, spherical, or fusiform; con-
structed either on a spiral plan or in concentric layers, the chamber
cavities occupied to a large extent by the excessive development of the
finely arenaceous cancellated walls.
Genus CYCLAMMINA.
Test spiral, nautiloid; lenticular or subglobular; smooth externally;
chambers numerous, involute.
CYCLAMMINA CANCELLATA Brady.
(Plates 27, fig. 3; 28, fig 1.)
Large, nautiloid, composed of numerous segments arranged plano-
spirally in about four convolutions, the last of which completely
incloses the others; sutural lines well marked, generally wavy; sur-
face smooth; aperture a crescent-shaped fissure at the junction of the
final segment with the preceding convolution; face of the final segment
porous. Section shows the arenaceous walls and their cancellated struc-
ture, the cavities in the walls communicating freely with the chambers.
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico, south of Long Island, west coast of
Patagonia, coast of British Columbia (stations 2385, 2394, 2584, 2784,
2860), 420 to 876 fathoms.
CYCLAMMINA PUSILLA Brady.
(Plate 28, fig. 2.)
Differs from the last described species chiefly in its smaller size and
thinner and less conspicuously cancellated walls. Section shows both
these characters. Diameter, about 1 mm. {ih; inch).
Locality, — Off coast of Oregon (station 3080), 93 fathoms.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECEISIT FORAMINIFERA. 283
Family IV. TEXTULARID.E.
Tests of the larger species arenaceous, either with or without a per-
forate calcareous basis; smaller forms hyaliue and conspicuously per-
forated. Chambers arranged in two or more alternating series, or
spiral, or confused; often dimorphous.
Typically bi- or tri-serial; often bi-, rarely tri-morphous.
Genus TEXTULARIA.
Segments iu two rows, alternating with each other; normal aperture
an arched slit at the base of the inner wall of the linal segment.
TEXTULARIA QUADRILATERA Schwager.
(Plate 28, tig. 3.)
Elongate, compressed, tapering, quadrilateral, the two broader faces
concave, the angles prominent and sharp, both ends rounded; made
up of a double alternating series of segments to the number of seven,
more or less, in each row ; aperture simple, near the base of the last
segment; structure hyaline and minutely perforate. Length, about
1 mm. (A; inch).
Locality. — Specimens taken near Aspinwall, Isthmus of Panama
(station 2144), 896 fathoms.
TEXTULARIA TRANSVERSARIA Brady.
(Plate 28, fig. 4.)
Elongate, compressed, tai)eriug, the broad faces convex, the angles
thin ; composed of a double row of chambers placed transversely to the
long axis of the shell, many of them open at the peripheral end, giving
a serrated appearance to the edge of the test. Length, about 0.75 mm.
(-3^ inch).
Locality. — Off Carysfort Light, Florida (station 2641), 60 fathoms.
TEXTULARIA CONCAVA Karrer.
(Platc28, fiy..5.)
Short, compressed, rapidly tapering, lateral faces flattened or concave,
edges either square or rounded, angles full or rounded; texture rather
rougldy arenaceous; aperture a transverse arched slit with slightly
protruding lijis at the inner margin of the last segment. Length, about
1 mm. (tA- inch). Readily distinguished from T. quadrilatera by the
arenaceous texture of its walls.
Localities. — Off the island of Old Providence and off Carysfort,
Florida (stations 2150, 2041), 382 and 60 fathoms.
284 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
TEXTULARIA CARINATA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 29, fig. 1.)
Short, triaDgular, compressed, the broad faces divided by a prominent
ridge extending from the base toward the apex, the sutures strongly
ribbed, the marginal angles acute, with irregular, short, rounded teeth,
base quadrilateral, apex thin and slightly rounded ; aperture a broad
slit at the inner margin of the final segment; texture coarsely arena-
ceous. Length, 1.4 mm. {^g inch).
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 2400), 169 fathoms.
TEXTULARIA RUGOSA Reuss.
(Plate29, fig. 2.)
Pyramidal, with nearly equal sides, the angles rugged; segments
rather thin, quadrangular, curved upon the flat, projecting at the sides
and angles; sutural lines deep and arched. Length, about 1 mm. {4-^
inch).
Locality. — Specimen collected near the mouth of Exuma Sound,
Bahamas (station 2629), 1,169 fathoms.
TEXTULARIA AGGLUTINANS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 29, fig, 4.)
Elongated, tapering, slightly flattened, composed of twenty segments,
more or less, alternating in two rows, the later segments slightly
inflated ; texture rather coarsely arenaceous ; aperture a smooth curved
fissure on the inner side of the last segment. Length, about 1 mm.
(JL inch).
Localities. — Near Aspinwall, Straits of Yucatan, Gulf of Mexico, coast
of Brazil (stations 2144, 2358, 2385, 2760), 222 to 1,019 fathoms.
TEXTULARIA LUCULENTA Brady.
(Plate2!», fig. 3.)
Elongate, tapering, flattened; edges rounded; segments numerous;
texture finely arenaceous. Length, about 2 mm. ( jV inch).
Localities. — Near Old Providence, off Key West, Arrowsmith Bank
(Yucatan) (stations 2150, 2315, 2355), 37 to 400 fathoms.
TEXTULARIA GRAMEN d'Orbigny.
(Plate 29, fig. 5.)
Subconical, compressed toward the tip, broadly oval at the base,
angles of the compressed portion rounded; sutural lines indistinct;
texture arenaceous, surface rough; aperture round or lengthened at
the inner margin of the last segment. Length, about 1.5 mm. ( j^ inch).
Localities. — Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico (stations 2150, 2400),
382 and 169 fathoms.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 285
TEXTULARIA CONICA d'Orbigny.
(r]ate20, fig.6.)
Small, short, conical, often a little compressed laterally, base quite
flat; texture arenaceous; surface rougli. Length, about 0.5 mm. (g^,
inch).
Locality. — Off Carysfort Light, Florida (station 2641), 60 fathoms.
TEXTULARIA TROCHUS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 30, tig-. 1.)
Short, conical, with a flat base and a rounded tip, in section circular
both at the tip and base; walls thick and cavernous; texture rather
coarsely arenaceous; aperture a narrow slit with smooth lips at the
inner margin of the last segment. Length, about 1 mm. (o^g inch).
Localities. — Off Cape Hatteras, west coast of Cuba, east coast of
Florida (stations 2264, 2352, 2641), 60 to 460 fathoms.
TEXTULARIA BARRETTII Jones and Parker.
(Plate 30, fig. 2.)
A large, symmetrical, elongated, conical shell, slightly compressed
autero-posteriorly instead of laterally as in other species of this genus;
texture arenaceous; surface smooth; sutures distinctly marlied by
narrow grooves; chamber cavities labyrinthic. Sections show the
labyrinthn; character of the chambers and the thick walls. Length, 4
mm. (^ inch), more or less.
Locality. — Off Little Bahama Bank (station 2655), 338 fathoms.
Genus VERNEUILINA.
Test triserial, with textularian aperture.
VERNEUILINA PYGM^A Egger.
(Plate 31, fig. 1.)
A short, conical test, composed of three series of segments arranged
symmetrically around the long axis of the shell; segments inflated;
walls finely arenaceous, smooth ; aperture a long slit, with a slightly
raised lower lip, at the inner margin of the final segment; color white.
Length, about 1.5 mm. (j\r inch).
Locality.— Qvi\i of Mexico (stations 2383, 2395), 1,181 and 347 fathoms.
VERNEUILINA PROPINQUA Brady.
(Plate 31, fig. 2.)
Very similar in form to V. pygmcea, but is larger, coarser, rougher,
less symmetrical, and in color a reddish brown. The aperture is with-
out the raised lij) seen in the other species.
286 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Localities. — SpecimeDS from four stations iu the North AtUmtic, one
in South Athuitic, and two in the Gulf of Mexico (stations 2040, 2228,
2383, 2385, 2570, 2079, 2700), 730 to 2,220 fathoms.
Genus VALVULINA.
Test spiral, typically triserial, with three segments or rarely more
in each convolution; free or adherent; aperture partially covered by
a valvular lip.
VALVULINA CONICA Parker and Jones,
(Plate 31, fig. 3.)
Free or attached, short, conical; base broad and excavated; color
brown, generally darker toward the apex ; texture arenaceous ; surface
smooth; aperture at the inner margin of the terminal segment. One
specimen shown is parasitic upon a fragment of Bhabdammina ; the
base of the attached Yalvulinei is surrounded by a border of line white
sand.
Localities. — Off' Cape Hatteras, and south of Block Island (stations
2115, 2584), 843 and 541 fathoms.
Genus BIGENERINA.
Early chambers Textularian, later chambers uniserial and rectilinear.
BIGENERINA NODOSARIA d'Orbigny,
(Plate 31, fig. 4.)
The earlier segments, increasing rapidly in size, are arranged in two
alternating series, forming the triangular flattened portion of the test,
the remainder of the test is composed of three or four segments in a
single straight series; aperture at the end of the final segment; tex-
ture coarsely arenaceous ; surface rough. Length, about 1 mm. {^^ inch).
Locality. — Off Carysfort Light, Florida (station 2641), 60 fathoms.
BIGENERINA ROBUSTA Brady.
(Plate 32, fij?. 1.)
Test large, coarse, elongate, cylindrical, tapering slightly toward the
initial end; textularian segments numerous, forming the greater part of
the test; nodosarian segments few, sometimes irregular; aperture cen
tral in the final segment. Diameter, 2.5 mm. (-^ inch) or more.
Locality. — Old Providence Island (station 2150), 382 fathoms.
BIGENERINA CAPREOLUS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 32, fig. 3.)
A rather stout, coarse shell, the earlier portion resembling T€.r1ula>-ia
carinata, upon which rests two or three broad compressed segments iu
single series. Length, 1.5 mm. (^ inch).
Locality. — Ott' coast of Georgia (station 2416), 276 fathoms.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 287
BIGENERINA PENNATULA Batsch.
(Plnte 32, fig. 2.)
Oblong, rounded at both ends, dififeriug from B. capreolus only in the
more arching- form of the textulariau segments, and the greater num-
ber (four or five) of segments in the linear series.
Locality, — Old Providence Island (station 2150), 382 fathoms.
Genus GAUDRYINA.
Early segments triserial (Yerneuiline) ; aperture either textulariau
or situated in a short terminal neck.
GAUDRYINA PUPOIDES d'Orbigny.
(Plate 32, tig. 4.)
A small, subconical, symmetrical shell, about one-fifth of its length
at the apex being formed of segments arranged triserially, the remain-
ing portion composed of slightly infiated segments in double, alter-
nating series; structure calcareous; surface smooth; aperture at the
inner margin of the final segment. Length, about 0.825 mm. (;/„ inch).
Localities. — Oft' Nantucket Shoals, and southeast of Marthas Vineyard
(stations 2041, 2568), 1,608 and 1,781 fathoms.
GAUDRYINA BACCATA Schwager.
(Plate 32, fig. 5.)
Differs from 6^. pupoides in that it is larger, less symmetrical, and the
segments more inflated. It is especially characterized by the tendency
to distortion produced by the occasional unsymmetrical outgrowth of
one or more segments. Length, about 2 mm. ( jV inch).
Localities. — Oft' Nantucket Shoals, south of Marthas Vineyard, off
Block Island (stations 2040, 2221, 2570, 2584, 2586), 328 to 2,226 fathoms.
GAUDRYINA SUBROTUNDATA Schwager.
(Plate 33, fig. 1.)
Subcylindrical, tapering at the initial end; sutures depressed; aper-
ture central, near the inner margin of the final segment; texture vari-
able, the smaller specimens being comparatively fine and smooth, the
larger coarse and rough. Length, 1 to 5 mm. {.h-; to \ inch).
Localities. — Specimens have been preserved from eight stations in the
North and South Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico (stations 2150, 2385,
2394, 2400, 2679, 2751, 2760, 2763), 169 to 1,019 fathoms.
GAUDRYINA FILIFORMIS Berthelin.
(Plate 33, fig. 2.)
Long, slender, tapering, smooth, the triserial portion very short, the
biserial chambers numerous and symmetrically arranged; sutures well
marked. Length, about 1.5 mm. {-^ inch).
Locality. — Off' west coast of Cuba (station 2352), 463 fathoms.
288 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
GAUDRYINA RUGOSA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 33, fig. 3.)
Elongate, triangular iu section, the angles acute, triserial portion very
short, biserial chiimbers alternately triangular and broadly quadri-
lateral iu transverse section; structure coarsely arenaceous, compact.
Length, 2 to 3 mm. {-^K- to ^ inch). One specimen in the collection
measures 4.5 mm. ( i% inch).
Localities. — South of Marthas Vineyard and Gulf of Mexico (stations
2243, 2400), 03 and 109 fathoms.
GAUDRYINA SCABRA Brady.
(Plate 34, fig. 1.)
Resembles G. pupoides in form, but is larger, brown in color, coarsely
arenaceous iu texture, tbe sand sometimes mixed witb spouge spicules;
aperture a depressed slit at the inner margin of the last segment.
Length, about 1.5 mm. {--pg inch).
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico and west coast of Patagonia (stations
2352, 2385, 2784), 194 to 730 fathoms.
GAUDRYINA SIPHONELLA Reuss.
(Plate 34, Hg. 2.)
Small, elongate, subcylindrical, occasionally distorted, the biserial
segments numerous and somewhat iuflated; aperture at the slightly
projecting end of the final segment; color brown. Leugth, 0.5 to 0.8
mm. (Jg to tjV inch).
Locality. — Southeast of Marthas Vineyard (station 2568), 1,781
fathoms.
Genus CLAVULINA.
Early segraeuts triserial, later ones uuiserial and rectilinear; test
generally either cylindrical or trifacial ; aperture valvular.
CLAVULINA COMMUNIS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 34, fig. 3.)
Much elongated, cylindrical ; the earliest portion triserial, conical,
pointed, the remaiuing portion uuiserial, straight, slightly depressed at
the sutures; color, grayish- white; surface smooth or rough according
as the walls are composed of fine or coarse calcareous sand; aperture
round, at the end of a tubular i^rojectiou from the fiual segment. Sec-
tions show the dimorjihous character of the test, the thickness of walls,
and the communication of the chambers. Length, from 2 to 5 mm. {-^j
to i inch).
Localities. — North Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Panama Bay (sta-
tions 2212, 2355, 2805), oO to 425 fathoms.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 289
CLAVULINA EOC^NA Giimbel.
(Plate 35, fig. 1.)
Cylindrical or slightly tapering; triserial portion very sliort; nodo-
sarian segments usually three or four in number, clearly defined by
depressed sutures; walls coarsely arenaceous, rough; chambers par-
tially divided by a network of incomplete septa springing from the
outer wall; aperture a simple rounded orifice in a central slight depres-
sion at the end of the final segment. Section shows the apparent
thickness of the walls due to the cancellar structure, and the form of
the chambers. Length, about 1.5 mm. {-^^ inch).
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 2377), 210 fathoms.
CLAVULINA PARISIENSIS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 35, fig. 2.)
The distinguishing characteristic of this sirecies is the triangular
contour of the triserial portion of the test; otherwise it strongly resem-
bles C. communis. It is somewhat coarser and rougher than the latter,
and near the oral end the sutures are often much dejiressed.
Locality.— GuU of Mexico (stations 2315, 2377, 2385, 2400), 37 to 730
fathoms.
A variety collected near Key West, Florida, has a very rough test
constructed of coral sand. (Plate 35, fig. 3.)
CLAVULINA PARISIENSIS, variety HUMILIS Brady.
(Plate 36, fig. 1.)
The variation consists in its smaller size, rougher exterior, the deep
depression of the sutures, often forming a distinct neck between the
two last segments, and the aperture borne at the eud of a long tubular
prolongation of the final segment.
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico, and oft" the coast of Brazil (stations
2377, 2399, 2100, 2762), 59 to 210 fathoms.
CLAVULINA ANGULARIS d'Orbigny.
(Platte .SO, fig. 2.)
Arrangement of segments as in other species of Glavulina, triserial
at first, then uniserial and rectilinear. Differs from the other species
in the triangular contour of transverse section of the uniserial as well
as the triserial portion of the test; aperture a central arched slit with
a protruding lower lii).
Locality. — Straits of Yucatan (station 2358), 222 tathoms.
Sialaltiinily BXJLIM:ININ^E.
Typically spiral ; weaker forms more or less regularly biserial ; aper-
ture oblique, comma-shaped or some modification of that form.
NAT MUS 97 19
290 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Genus BULIMINA.
Test spiral, elougate, more or less tapering; often triserial.
BULIMINA ELEGANS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 36, fig. 3.)
Very small, slender, elongate, tapering to a spinous point, more or
less compressed on three sides; segments numerous, a little inflated,
arranged in tbree longitudinal rows; aperture on the oblique face of
the final segment; walls very thin and transparent and finely perforated.
Length, about 0.75 mm. (g^j inch).
Locality. — Oft' Block Island (station 2584), 541 fathoms.
BULIMINA PYRULA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 36, figs. 4, ,5.)
Ovate, very slightly compressed, with exceedingly thin and trans-
parent walls fiiiely but distinctly perforated ; segments erect and over-
lai^ping, the last three sometimes inclosing all the others; aperture in
general ovate, but varying much in form, with a prominent overlapping
lip. Length, about 1 mm. {-^ inch).
Localities. — South of Marthas Vineyard, Straits of Yucatan, Gulf of
Mexico, west coast of Patagonia (stations 2212, 2352, 2383, 2571, 2784),
194 to 1,350 fathoms.
BULIMINA PYRULA, variety SPINESCENS Brady,
(Plate 37, fig. 1.)
In form and general characters identical with B. pyrula, but varies
from the latter in that the base or aboral end is beset with more or less
numerous short si)ines.
Locality. — Off the mouth of Chesapeake Bay (station 22G3), 430
fathoms.
BULIMINA AFFINIS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 37, tig. 2.)
Test ovate; segments short and inflated, the later ones covering
more of the end and less of the sides of the test than in />. pyrula.
The speciinens in hand have a brownish tinge, excepting the final seg-
ment, which is white.
Locality. — Collected in the channel between Patagonia and Welling-
ton Island (station 2784), 104 fathonis.
BULIMINA PUPOIDES d'Orbigny.
(Plate 37, tig. 3.)
Oval or ovate, with short segments but slightly inflated, the whole
test rather conspicuously resembling the i)upa of certain insects.
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 2304), 420 fathoms.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 291
BULIMINA ACULEATA d'Orbigny,
(Plate:;?, lig.4.)
Short, conical, triserial, slightly compressed ou three sides, segments
some\yhat inflated, the earlier ones bearing long slender spines, the
later ones sometimes smooth, sometimes with short spines or slight
protuberances.
Localities. — Near Aspinwall, Gulf of Mexico, southeast of Georges
liank, coast of Brazil (stations 2144, 2377, 2392, 2394, 2530, 2703), 210
to 950 fathoms.
BULIMINA INFLATA Seguenza.
(Plate 37, fig. 5.)
Ovate, acuminate, the segments erect, short, and overlapping, tin
overlapping edges of the segments crimped and sharply serrate.
Length, 0.4 mm. (^V inch).
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico, southeast of Georges Banlc, south of
Block Island (stations 2377, 2398, 2530, 2584), 210 to 950 fathoms.
Genus VIRGULINA.
Test much elongated, with a tendency to become asymmetrically
biserial.
VIRGULINA SCHREIBERSIANA Czjzek.
(Plate 37, fig. G.)
Elongate, subcylindrical, slightly compressed on two sides, tapering
at both ends, extremities rounded, arrangement of segments irregularly
biserial, giving a twisted appearance to the shell; aperture a verti-
cal loop-shaped slit near the end of the last segment. Length, about
0.4 mm. (gV inch.)
Locality. — Collected off Chesapeake Bay (station 2203), 430 fathoms.
VIRGULINA SUBSQUAMOSA Egger.
(Plate 37, fig. 7.)
Elongate-oval, compressed, margins rounded; segments overlapping,
slightly inflated, arranged in two inequilateral, alternating series;
walls thin, tranparent, and finely perforated; aperture a loop-shaped
slit in the face of the last segment. Length, about 0.7 mm. (3V inch).
Locality.— Guli of Mexico (station 2377), 210 fathoms.
Genus BOLIVINA.
Test distinctly biserial, arrangement Textularian.
292 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
BOLIVINA -ffiNARIENSIS Costa.
(Plate 37, fig. 8.)
Elongate, flattened, tapering-, symmetrical j margins sharp and
smooth; apex nsually terminating in a spinous process; two or more
delicate perpendicular ridges extending a variable distance from the
apex toward the base; walls thin, transparent, minutely and profusely
perforated; segments very regularly arranged in two alternating
series; aperture loop-like at the inner margin of the last segment.
Length, about 0.8 mm. (tjI inch).
Localities. — Off Cape Hatteras, Gulf of Mexico, southeast of Georges
Bank, south of Block Island (stations 2289, 2400, 2530, 2584), 7 to 950
fathoms.
BOLIVINA PUNCTATA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 38, fig. 1.)
Slender, elongate, tapering, rounded, symmetrical, slightly curved;
composed of a double, alternating series of segments, twelve or more
in each row; surface smooth and even; sutures not depressed; walls
thin and linely perforated; aperture ovate, oblique, on the terminal face
of the last segment. Length, about 0.8 mm. (yA, inch).
Locality. — i^ot recorded.
BOLIVINA PORRECTA Brady.
(Platen 38, fig. 2.)
Straight, slightly tapering, nearly cylindrical in section ; earlier seg-
ments in opposite alternating rows, later segments triangular and
superposed, the sutures extending obliquely the whole breadth of the
test; w^alls very thin, transparent and finely perforated; aperture
large, oval, across the terminal face of the last segment. Length,
about 1 mm. (0-5- inch).
Locality. — A single specimen from the North Atlantic, southeast of
Georges Bank (station 2530), 950 fathoms.
Subfamily C^SSII3XJLIN'I]Sr..^E.
Test consisting of a Textularia-like series of alternating segments,
more or less coiled upon itself.
Genus CASSIDULINA.
Test biserial, folded on its long axis, and coiled more or less com-
pletely on itself.
CASSIDULINA CRASSA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 38, fig. 3.)
Oval, compressed, with rounded outlines; sutural lines indistinct;
surface smooth; texture calcareous. Section shows the coiled cham-
bers of one series. Diameter, about 1 mm. (-2V inch).
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 293
Locality. — Off head of Akiitan Island, Alaska (station 2842), 72
fathoms.
CASSIDULINA SUBGLOBOSA Brady.
(Plate 38, tig. 4.)
Sub globular, the final segment sliglitl}- protruding, inequilateral, the
segments being irregularly arranged ; surface smooth ; walls calcareous,
imperfectly transparent, finely i)erforated; aperture an oval slit at the
end of the last segment. Diameter, 0.8 mm. (y^j inch).
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico, oft" Windward Islands, and Trinidad
(stations 2383, 2751, 2754), 880 to 1,181 fathoms.
Family V. MILIOLID^.
Test imperforate; normally calcareous and porcellanous, sometimes
incrusted with sand.
s;Tibiainiiy M:iriiOLiisriisr.<gE.
Chambers two in each convolution, coiled on an elongated axis,
eitber symmetrically in a single plane or inequilaterally. Ai)erture
alternately at either end of the shell.
Genus BILOCULINA.
Chambers in a single plane, embracing; the last two only visible.
BILOCULINA BULLOIDES d'Orbigny.
(Plati^ 38, fig. .o.)
Oval, inflated, composed of a series of embracing segments api^lied
alternately above and below the globular primordial chamber; walls
thick, calcareous, soft; surface often incrusted with a thin layer of fine
sand; aperture small, circular, on the more or less produced or tubular
end of the last segment, usually bearing a small T-shaped valvular
tooth. Length, about 1.25 mm. (^ inch). Transverse section shows
the arrangement of the chambers.
Locality. — Oft' Havana, Cuba (station 2335), 204 fathoms.
BILOCULINA TUBULOSA Costa.
(Plate 39, fig. 1.)
In general characters like />'. hidloides, except that the last two seg-
ments are separated by a deep groove on both sides. This groove may
be so deej) as to show the edge of the antepenultimate segment, and is
often wider on one side than the other, so that the species passes by
regular gradation into Miliolina trigonula. Length, 0.75 to 1.5 mm.
(sVto i-inch).
Locality. — Specimens collected oft' the coast of Oregon (station ."iOSO),
93 fathoms.
294 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
BILOCULINA RINGENS Lamarck.
(Plate .39, fi^. 2.)
A stout, inflated, smooth, and polished shell, slightly compressed
from above downward, nearly circular in outliue when seen from above,
the final segment projecting well beyond the preceding one, to which it
is smoothly and firmly joined; aperture usually a broad slit with a
nearly ecpially broad valvular lower lip. Diameter, 1.5 mm. (iV inch),
more or less. Longitudinal section shows arrangement of chambers
characteristic of the genus, and the apertures alternately at opposite
ends of the shell.
Localities. — Off Cape Hatteras and in the Gulf of Mexico (stations
2115, 2352, 2385), 4G0 to 840 fathoms.
BILOCULINA COMATA Brady.
(Plate 39, tig. 3.)
Subglobular in form, otherwise like B. ringens ; characterized specific-
ally by surface ornamentation consisting of more or less conspicuous,
fine, straight, parallel stria^. covering the whole shell; aperture an
arched slit, with a broad, thick valvular lower lip.
Locality. — West coast of Cuba (station 2352), 463 fathoms.
BILOCULINA ELONGATA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 39, fig. 4.)
Like B. ringens except that it is long oval in contour. The typical
specimens are small, but there is constant variation both in size and
breadth of oval.
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico and the North Atlantic (stations 2383,
2385, 2584), 500 to 1,200 fathoms.
BILOCULINA DEPRESSA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 40, fig. 1.)
Smooth, compressed, round; margin thin and sharp: aperture usu-
ally a long, narrow slit, with a valvular lower lip' thinner and less
prominent than in B. ringens ; rarely the aperture is contracted to a
nearly circular orifice. Longitudinal section shows the conformation
and arrangement of the chambers.
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico and oft" Marthas Vineyard (stations 2374,
2378, 2508, 2570), 20 to 1,830 fathoms.
BILOCULINA DEPRESSA, var. SERRATA Brady.
(Plate 40, fig. 2.)
Identical in general characters with B. depressa,, but having the edge
dentate, with more or less closely set teeth. The penultimate segment
often shows the serrations more consiJicuously than the final one.
DESCRIPTIVE . CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 295
Localities. — ITorth Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Pauama Bay (sta-
tions 2530, 2;J83, 2399, 2805), 50 to 1,200 ftitlioms.
BILOCULINA DEHISCENS, new species.
(Plate 40. fig. 3.)
This species has the same general characters as i>. depressa and its
variety serrata, but the last two chambers are more or less separated at
the sides, giving the shell the appearance of rupture from internal
growth and distension. In general the separation is sufficient to show
the sharp edge of the third segment on each side, but series presenting
all degrees of gradation from Biloculina to Spiroloculina have been
selected from material dredged at a single station.
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 2377), 210 fathoms. (See iSpiro-
loculina robusta, series.)
BILOCULINA LiEVIS Defiance.
(Plate 41, fig. 1.)
Less compressed than B. depressa, less inflated than B. ringens;
characterized by the double border formed by the slight projection of
the margin of the penultimate segment.
Locality. —Gulf of Mexico (station 2394), 420 fathoms.
BILOCULINA SPH.,ERA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 41, fig. 2.)
Specific characters well marked. Contour nearly spherical; eacli
chamber incloses the preceding one almost entirely, leaving exposed
only a small circular segment of the penultimate chamber. Aperture
an irregular, often branched or bordered, V-shaped slit. Section shows
arrangetuent of chambers and degree of investment.
Localities. — North Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and coast of Brazil (sta-
tions 2352, 2385, 2415, 2754, 2760), 440 to 1,000 fathoms.
BILOCULINA IRREGULARIS d'Orbigny.
(P]ate41, fig. 3.)
Differs from other species of this genus in tliat it is compressed at
the sides instead of from above downward. Seen from above the con-
tour is oval; from the side the outline is broader, ai^proaching the
circular when the compression is considerable. Ai^erture circular or
broad, with a valvular lip in the somewhat protuberant oral end.
Localities. — Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico (stations 2754, 2144,
2352, 2355, 2383, 2385, 2394), 400 to 1,200 fathoms.
Genus SPIROLOCULINA.
Chambers arranged in n single plane, the whole of them visible on
both sides of the shell.
296 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
SPIROLOCULINA ROBUSTA Brady.
(Plat(i 42, (ig. 1.)
Much compressed laterally, broad oval to nearly round, more or less
concave on both sides; extremities angular or pointed ; periphery
rounded, Avith sharp, projecting* marginal angles, which are often
toothed. Four to six segments visible on both sides, outlined by the
acute prominent marginal angles; aperture round, witli a T-shaped val-
vular tooth in the i)rotruding- end of the final segment. Longitudinal
and transverse sections show the arrangement of chambers character-
istic of the genus.
XocaZi^^.— Gulf of Mexico (stations 2383, 2;399), 200 to 1,200 fathoms.
SPIROLOCULINA ROBUSTA, series.
(Plate 42, fig. 2.)
This is a series, selected from material dredged at a single station, to
show an apparent evolution of ISpirolocuUna robusta from BilocuUna
depressa. The specimens are shown in i)airs, the first of the pair being
a whole shell resting upon its side, the other being a transverse section
of a similar shell standing on end. The few specimens exhibited show
a passage from one form to the other by well-defined steps, but with a
large number of specimens the gradation is so easy that it becomes
indefinable. The series illustrates the difficulties of classification in
this order of animals.
Locality.— GnU of Mexico (station 2377), 210 fatlioms.
SPIROLOCULINA EXCAVATA d'Orbigny.
(Plato 41, fig. 5.)
Small, much compressed, long oval with projecting ends, very con-
cave, showing the minute early segments; margins broad and rounded.
Locality. — Not recorded.
SPIROLOCULINA NITIDA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 11, fig. 4.)
■ More or less broadly oval, flat, thin, small ; the segments inflated,
without angles, the final one projecting at the oral end. Long diameter,
about 0.75 mm. {-.^ inch).
Locality. — Collected in the Gulf of Tokyo.
SPIROLOCULINA LIMBATA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 42, fig. 3.)
Thin, flat, broad oval, with slightly projecting ends and square mar-
gin ; segments numerous; sutures marked by prominent, smooth ridges.
Length, about 0.75 mm. (3^ inch).
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OP RECENT PORAMINIFERA. 297
Localities. — Atlantic Coast of the Southeru United States, and the
Gnlf of Mexico (stations 2312, 2313, 2358, 2^20, 2614, 2041, 2400), 00 to
220 fathoms.
SPIROLOCULINA PLANULATA Lamarck.
(Plate42, lig.4.)
Compressed, broad oval to nearly circular; border rectangular or
slightly rounded; segments not inflated, sutures rather indistinct;
texture comparatively coarse. Diameter, about 1.25 mm. (aV inch).
SPIROLOCULINA ARENARIA Brady.
(Plate 43, lig. 1.)
Oval, much compressed, peripheral edge rounded, surface sandy and
rough; sutural lines wholly obscured; aperture small, round, with a
minute T-shaped tongue. Length, 0.75 mm. (gV inch).
Locality. — Oft' Carysfort Light, Florida (station 2641), 60 fathoms.
Genus MILIOLINA.
Chambers inequilateral, coiled around the long axis of the shell in
such a way that more than two (usually three or five) are visible
externally.
MILIOLINA SEMINULUM Linneeus.
(Plate 43, lig. 2.)
Contour as seen from above oval, from the end or side triangular,
with rounded angles; surface smooth, with the clear white luster of
porcelain characteristic of the Miliolida\ Segments somewhat inflated,
usually four of them partially visible on one side and three on the
other; aperture round or oval, with a conspicuous appendicular tooth.
Length, about 1.25 mm. {-J-^- inch). The species is common in every
latitude and at all depths.
Localities. — Specimens collected in the Gulf of Mexico,North Atlantic,
and off coast of Brazil (stations 2570, 2508, 2754, 2383, 2392, 2700j, 725
to 1,800 fathoms.
MILIOLINA GRACILIS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 43, i'l'j;. 5.)
Very small, long oval; segments nearly cylindrical, three of them
visible on one face, and two on the other; aperture large with slightly
protuberant lips. Length, about 0.5 mm. {^^ inch).
Localities. — Cozumel Island, and off Carysfort Light, Florida (stations
2358, 2641), 222 and 00 fathoms.
MILIOLINA OBLONGA Montagu.
(Plate 13, lig. 3.)
Small, long oval in contour; otherwise like M. semimilum. Length,
about 0.4 mm. (,fo inch).
Localities. — From vicinity of the island of Trinidad and off coast of
Brazil (stations 2754, 2760), 880 to 1,000 fathoms.
298 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
MILIGLINA AUBERIANA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 43, tig. 6.)
Larger tbau M. sejninulmn, aud with tlie margins of the segmeuts
more sharply angular. Section shows the triangular contour of the
shell and the characteristic milioline arrangement of the chambers.
Localities. — Atlantic coast of the United States, off the island of
Trinidad, and off the coast of Brazil (stations 3150, 2570, 2584, 2754,
2760), 400 to 1,800 fathoms.
MILIGLINA CUVIERANA d'Orbigny.
(PJate43, fig.4.)
A rather large, smooth- shelled variety, characterized by the acutely
angular margins of the five visible segments.
Localities, — Coast of Brazil (station 2762) and the Gulf of Tokyo, 59
and 9 fathoms.
MILIOLINA VENUSTA Karrer.
(Plato 44, fig. 2.)
Oval, angular, the margins of the three final segments extended so
as to form well-marked keels; oval extremity of the last segment gen-
erally protuberant. Length, about 0.625 mm. (^ inch).
Localities. — West coast of Patagonia (station 2784) and Gulf of Tokyo,
194 and 9 fathoms.
MILIOLINA CIRCULARIS Bornemann.
(Plate 44, fig. 1.)
Smooth, slightly compressed, nearly circular in broadest outline;
chambers intlated; aperture a crescentic slit with arched upper and
thin projecting lower lij). Length, about 0.75 mm. (/. inch).
Localities. — Oft" Cape Hatteras, west coast of Cuba, aud Trinidad
(stations 2115, 2333, 2754), 167 to 8S0 fathoms.
MILIOLINA TRIGONULA Lamarck.
(Plate 44, fig. 3.)
Oblong, broad, oval in end view, exposing two chambers on one side
and three, rarely four, on the other; oral end of the final segment often
tubular; aperture round, with T-shaped valvular tooth. Transverse
section of a broad specimen shows arrangement of the chambers;
Localities. — Atlantic coast of the United States and the Gulf of
Mexico (stations 2228, 2570, 2385), 700 to 1,800 fathoms.
MILIOLINA TRICARINATA d'Orbigny.
(PIt.te44, fig.4.)
Distinctly triangular in end view, the three angles thickened and
slightly produced or keeled. Two of the angles are formed by the last
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 299
segment, the third by the free margin of the preceding segment.
Aperture triangular, toothed. Length, about 0.G25 mm. (/y- inch).
Locality. — Oft" Windward Islands (station 2751), G87 fathoms.
MILIOLINA SUBROTUNDA Montagu.
(Pl:ite44, flg.6.)
A small, thick, rounded, suborbicular shell, with three visible seg-
ments; surface slightly wrinkled transversely; terminal segment not
projecting at the oral extremity: orifice large, with a prominent
valvular tooth. Diameter, about 0.4 mm, {-^^ inch).
Locality. — Straits of Yucatan, 222 fathoms.
MILIOLINA VALVULARIS Reuss.
(Plate 44, fig. 5.)
A rather large, stout shell, having the same form and arrangement
of segments as M. circularis. The distinguishing feature of this species
is the aperture, which is a very narrow, irregularly bent, sometimes
branching slit, with puckered lips.
Locality. — Cape Hatteras (station 2115), 843 fathoms.
MILIOLINA BUCCULENTA Brady.
(Plate 45, fig. 1.)
Large, subglobular, slightly and symmetrically compressed at the
sides; especially characterized by the position of the three final and
only visible segments in very nearly the same plane; aperture a long,
arched slit across the face of the last segment.
Locality. — North Atlantic.
MILIOLINA LABIOSA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 45, fig. 3.)
Small, thin-shelled; segments few, inflated, often somewhat distorted,
irregularly arranged; aperture large, crescent-shaped.
Locality. — Straits of Yucatan (station 2358), 222 fathoms^
MILIOLINA INSIGNIS Brady.
(Plate 45, fig. 2.)
Has the form of M. trigonula, or more often of M. circularis. The
peculiarity of the shell is the surface ornamentation with fine, more or
less prominent, parallel ribs.
Localities. — West coast of Cuba and the Caribbean Sea (stations
2352, 2150), 463 and 382 fathoms.
300 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
MILIOLINA UNDOSA Karrer.
(Plate 45, fig. 4.)
In this species of Miliolina the exposed portions of the segments are
angular instead of being rounded or having a single sharp margin.
Moreover, the angles of the segments are wavy, giving a crumpled
appearance to the shell.
Locality. — Straits of Yucatan (station 2358), 222 fathoms.
MILIOLINA ANGULARIS, new species.
(Plate 46, fig. 1.)
An angular variety of Miliolina resembling M. undosa, except that
the visible angles of the segments are very nearly right angles, slightly
ribbed at the edges, and not sinuate.
Locality. — Straits of Yucatan (station 2358), 222 fathoms.
MILIOLINA BICORNIS Walker and Jacob.
(Plate 46, fig. 2.)
Oval, compressed, the final segment projecting posteriorly well beyond
the i)recediug segment, and generally produced into a tubular neck
anteriorly. The whole surface is striate, with rather fine, parallel,
raised lines. Aperture round and toothed.
Localities. — Straits of Yucatan and coast of Florida (stations 2358,
2641), 60 to 222 fathoms.
MILIOLINA LINNiEANA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 46, tig. 3.)
Contour oval, compressed, much the same as il/. hicornis ; the surface
marked with a few thick, irregular costte in place of the strite charac-
teristic of the latter species.
Localities. — Straits of Yucatan, the Gulf of Mexico, coast of Florida
(stations 2358, 2315, 2370, 2641, 2629), 13 to 222 fathoms.
MILIOLINA SEPARANS Brady.
(Plate 46, fig. 6.)
A single specimen of this species has been found. It has much the
appearance of two small Miliolina linnmana grown together at the side,
but the smaller portion has no neck or external operture, and the form
is undoubtedly due to the irregular growth of the later segments.
Length, about 0.8 mm. (3^0 inch).
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico, oft' the west coast of Cuba (station 2352),
463 fathoms.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 301
MILIOLINA PULCHELLA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 46, fig. 4.)
Apparently a luodified form of M. linncmna, in which the longitudinal
costa' are somewhat less prominent, and are supplemented by quite
numerous short diagonal ridges. Length, about 1 mm. (0-5 inch).
Locality. — Ofl'Carysfort Light, Florida (station 2641), 60 fathoms.
MILIOLINA RETICULATA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 4ti, fig. 5.)
The single feature which characterizes this s]iecies is the surface
ornamentation formed by two sets of fine, parallel stria' running
diagonally to each other, producing a network of ridges.
LocaUty. — Straits of Yucatan (station 2358), 222 fathoms.
MILIOLINA AGGLUTINANS d'Orbigny.
(Plati- 47. fig. 2.>
Broad, oval, thick, rounded; sutures obscure; terminal segment not
produced ; aperture large, with conspicuous appendicular tooth. Differs
from M. seminulum in that the whole surface is incrusted with fine
white sand. Length, from 1.5 to 0.6 mm. (j^g to 4-0 inch).
Locality. — Straits of Yucatan (station 2358), 222 lathoms.
Subfainilj- H^^XJERIlSrilSr^.
Test dimorphous; chambers partly milioline, partly spiral or recti-
linear.
Genus ARTICULINA.
Chambers milioline at the commencement, subsequently in a straight
series.
ARTICULINA SAGRA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 47, tig. 1.)
Irregularly long oval, or linear, compressed; the earlier segments
milioline or confused, the later rectilinear; sutures constricted, each
segment of the linear series overhanging the preceding; surface orna-
mented with fine, parallel, longitudinal strife; aperture a long oval
slit, with strongly everted lips, occupying the whole breadth of the
oral extremity of the shell.
Localities. — Straits of Yucatan and the mouth of Exuma Sound
(stations 2358, 2629), 222 to 1,169 fathoms.
Genus VERTEBRALINA.
Early chambers partly milioline and partly planospiral; later seg-
ments in straight series.
302 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
VERTEBRALINA INSIGNIS Brady.
(Plate 47, fig. 4.)
Much compressed, nearly symmetrical bilaterally, margin angular,
often keeled. Early segments may be planospiral (in one specimen this
arrangement of the minute early chambers is quite evident), or milioline,
or both; latest segments united at such an angle that the last three
include all the others; no chambers of the straight series appear in the
specimens shown. Surface rather coarsely striate; aperture a long
oval mouth with everted lips.
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico, coast of Florida, and ofi" Chesapeake
Bay (stations 2400, 2420, 2641), 60 to 169 fathoms.
Genus OPHTHALMIDIUM.
Cornuspira-like at the commencement, subsequently with two or more
segments in each convolution.
OPHTHALMIDIUM INCONSTANS Brady.
(Plate 47, fig. 3.)
A thin, flat shell; begins with a small central globular chamber ; con-
tinues as a fine, coiled, non-septate tube, and ends by the tube becoming
larger and divided into chambers by constriction at opposite points in
each (convolution. Segments with broad keels which separate the con-
volutions.
Localities.— Gulf of Mexico, Bahama Islands, coast of North Carolina
(stations 2392, 2629, 2614), 168 to 1,169 fathoms.
Genus PLANISPIRINA.
Chambers milioline at the commencement, subsequently planospiral;
the lateral alar prolongations of the latest convolution inclosing the
previous whorls.
PLANISPIRINA SIGMOIDEA Brady.
(Plate 47, fig. 6.)
Compressed, nearly circular, projecting slightly at the ends, the two
faces unequally convex, and the margin thin but rounded; segments
two to each convolution, and set on at the margin of alternate sides,
producing a milioline arrangement of the chambers; surface smooth
and shining; aperture a gaping, transverse orifice in the oral promi-
nence. Diameter, about 0.75 mm. (gi inch). Transverse section shows
arrangement of the chambers, and, indistinctly, the successive layers
of which the sides of the shell are composed.
Localities.— West India Islands, Bahamas, Trinidad, and coast of
Brazil (stations 2117, 2629, 2754, 2760), 680 to 1,170 fathoms.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 303
PLANISPIRINA CELATA Costa.
(Plate 47, fig. 5.)
Contour long oval with projecting ends, somewhat compressed, the
two sides unequally convex, the margins thick and rounded; surface
rotigh, and texture sandy; aperture small and arched. Length, about
1.25 mm. (/o inch). Transverse section shows the arrangement of
chambers to be the same as in the last described species.
Localities. — The vicinity of Aspinwall, west coast of Cuba, coast of
Brazil, and coast of Oregon (stations 2144, 2352, 27G0, 3080), 100 to
1,000 fathoms.
Subfamily I>EN^EI?,OI»LiII3IN^.3G.
Test planospiral or cyclical, sometimes crozier-shaped, bilaterally
symmetrical.
Genus CORNUSPIRA.
CORNUSPIRA FOLIACEA Philippi.
(Plate 48, fig. 1.)
A very thin, flat shell, consisting of a tube without partitions or con-
strictions, minutely narrow at first, but gradually and rather rapidly
becoming larger and more compressed, the tube evenly coiled upon
itself in a perfectly flat spiral; surface wrinkled transversely; aperture
a long narrow slit formed by the abrupt termination of the flattened
tube.
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico, and off Marthas Vineyard (stations 2352,
2377, 2383, 2550), 210 to 1,180 fathoms.
CORNUSPIRA INVOLVENS Reuss.
(Plate 48, fig. 3.)
A simple coiled tube, minute in the earlier convolutions, growing
larger and stouter in the later turns without becoming flattened as in
C. foliacea just described. Diameter, 0.625 to 1.5 mm. (/i,- to -^\ inch).
Localities. — Caribbean Sea, Straits of Yucatan, and coast of Georgia
(stations 2150, 2352, 241G), 276 to 463 fathoms.
CORNUSPIRA CARINATA Costa, species.
(Plate 48, fig. 2.)
A simple planospiral coil, intermediate in form between C.foliacea
and C. involvcns. The tube increases gradually in size and its outer
margin is marked by a narrow keel. Diameter, about 1.5 mm. (^ inch.)
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 2394), 420 fathoms.
Genus PENEROPLIS.
Chambers undivided; arrangement either iflanospiral throughout or
spiral only at the commencement, subsequently becoming rectilinear
or cyclical,
304 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
PENEROPLIS PERTUSUS Forskal.
(Plate 48, fig. 4.)
This species includes a wide variety of forms liresenting all tlie inter-
mediate stages from thick, slightly compressed, naiitiloid shells, to the
long, cylindrical, crosier- shaped varieties, and from these to the thin,
compressed, rapidly widening forms. In all varieties the chambers
are without divisions or constrictions, the apertures are porous, and
the surface, with few exceptions, is striate.
Localities. — Straits of Yucatan and Exuma Sounds (stations 2352,
2629), 4G3 and 1,169 fathoms.
PENEROPLIS PERTUSUS, variety DISCOIDEUS, new,
(Plato 49, fig. 1.)
In this variety the final chambers completely surround the primary
convolutions, forming a circular, thin disk resembling the discoidal
forms of Orbulina, but distinguished by the entire absence of septa in
the individual chambers.
Locality. — Key West Harbor; shallow water.
Genus ORBICULINA.
Chambers subdivided by transverse secondary septa; early segments
embracing; arrangement either planospiral throughout or partly cycli-
cal; contour nautiloid, auricular, crosier-shaped, or complanate.
ORBICULINA ADUNCA Fichtel and Moll.
(Plate 50, fig. 1.)
The only species of the genus. A planospiral, porcellanous, imper-
forate, polished shell, varying in contour from crosier-shaped to dis-
coidal; surface usually jntted with minute depressions; the early
convolutions embracing; chambers narrow and regularly subdivided ;
apertures a series of pores in two or more rows on the outer edge of
the final chamber. It is distinguished from Peneroplis by the divided
chambers, and from Orbitolites by the embracing early convolutions.
Localities. — Key West and St. Thomas; shallow water.
Genus ORBITOLITES.
Test discoidal ; either spiral (non-embracing) at the commencement,
or with one or more inflated primordial chambers; subsequently cycli-
cal; chambers more or less regularly divided into chamberlets.
ORBITOLITES MARGINALIS Lamarck.
(Plates 50, fig. 2; 51, fig. 1)
Avery thin, complanate, discoidal shell; chambers commencing at
the center with a small globular " nucleus,'' followed by arched seg
ments arranged spirally in one plane, the segments increasing in
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF HECENT FORAMINIFERA. 305
length uutil they become concentric rings; segments divided by radial
partitions into numerous chamberlets with free communication ; a single
row of pores on the margin of the disk forms the only exterior aperture.
Localities. — Key West, Florida, and off" Gape Fear (station 2623).
ORBITOLITES DUPLEX Carpenter.
(Plate 51, ligs. 2,3.)
Shell thin, discoidal, slightly biconcave; primordial chamber con-
spicuous, globular; second chamber nearly surrounds the first; succeed-
ing segments rapidly lengthen and quickly become annular. Cham-
bers divided by septa into chamberlets, arranged in a double tier, with
free communication. Peripheral orifices in two rows, corresponding to
the double tier of chamberlets. This latter feature together with the
early annular segments, distinguish this species from others of the
genus. Diameter, 1 to 2.5 mm. (3-5 to j-Q-inch).
Locality. — Key West, Florida.
ORBITOLITES TENUISSIMA Carpenter.
(Plate 52.)
An extremely thin and delicate shell, having the form of a circular
disk with flat surfaces. In the arrangement of the chambers it com-
mences as a convoluted, planospiral, nonseptate tube; it continues with
a short series of spiral chambers and ends with a broad series of annu-
lar chambers. The spiral and annular chambers are partially divided,
by partitions projecting from the inner walls, into numerous chamber-
lets. The chamberlets of each aunulus communicate not only with
each other but also with those of the succeeding annulus. A single
row of i)ores opens on the margin of the final chamber. Diameter, from
1 to 20 mm. (./§ to | inch). The shaded portions in the figure are those
parts of the specimen still occupied by the protoplasmic substance of
the animal.
Locality. — Atlantic, south of Marthas Vineyard (station 2716), 1631
fathoms.
Family VI. LAGENID^.
Test calcareous, very finely jxTforated; ether monothalamous, or con-
sisting of a number of chambers joined in a straight, curved, spiral,
alternating or (rarely) branching series. Aperture simple or radiate,
terminal. No interseptal skeleton nor canal system.
Subtainily L AG-KlVnST^gi;.
Test consists of a single chamber, either with or without an internal
tube.
Genus LAGENA.
Test monothalamous, with either an external or internal tubular
neck.
NAT MUS 97 20
306 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
LAGENA GLOBOSA Montagu.
(Plate53, fig. 4.)
Spherical, with a short conical protuberance ornamented with longi-
tudinal costiT?, body smooth, walls transparent, finely perforated, ajjer-
ture leading into a short internal neck (entosolenian). This description
applies to a single specimen from the Caribbean Sea near Aspiuwall
(station 2144), 896 fathoms.
LAGENA LONGISPINA Brady.
(Plate 53, fig. 2.)
Subglobular or pear-shaped ; surface smooth ; walls thin, glassy, more
or less transparent, finely perforated, furnished with several (two to six
or more) long, slender spines springing from the base of the shell;
aperture round, central, at the apex, opening into a long neck or tube
extending into the interior of the shell and terminating in a broadly
expanded margin. Length of body, about 0.6 mm. (4-0 inch).
Localities. — Near Aspinwall, Gulf of Mexico, off Trinidad (stations
2144, 2394, 2754), 420 to 898 fathoms.
LAGENA GRACILLIMA Seguenza.
(Plate 53, fig. 3.)
A very delicate shell, with thin, transparent, and fragile walls and
smooth surface; body either cylindrical or fusiform, drawn out at each
end into along thin neck; apertures simple, terminating the tubular
neck at both ends of the shell, often surrounded at one end by an
everted lip like the mouth of a phial.
Localities. — Various stations along the Atlantic and Gulf coast of the
United States, at depths from 210 to 1,781 fathoms.
LAGENA ELONGATA Ehrenberg.
(Plate 53, fig. 1.)
Like L. gracilUma, except that the body is long and cylindrical, with
a short taper at both ends. Length, about 2 mm. {-^.j inch).
LAGENA DISTOMA Parker and Jones.
(Plate 53, fig. 5.)
Like L. GracilUma in its variety of forms, but characterized by more
or less numerous, delicate, longitudinal stri;e marking its surface.
LAGENA LiEVIS Montagu.
(Plate 53, fig. 6.)
Minute, fiask-shaped, straight or curved, with an oval, i)yriform or
globular chamber and a more or less prolonged tubular neck; walls
generally very thin, smooth, and transparent, but sometimes the shell
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 307
is opaque aud with a roughened surface; aj)erture simple, at the end
of the tubular neck. Diameter, about 0.6 mm. {:^ inch).
Locality. — K"ot recorded.
LAGENA HISPIDA Reuss.
(Plate 53, fig. 8.)
Body globular or oval, with a long tubular neck projecting from one
or both ends, the whole surface covered with fine, short, closely set
spines. Length of body, about 0.4 mm. (g\- inch).
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico, and off Windward Islands (stations
2398, 2751), 227 and 687 fathoms.
LAGENA SULCATA Walker and Jacob.
(Plate 53, fig. 7.)
Minute, flask-shaped; the neck long aud slender, or short aud stout,
variously ornamented; the body decorated with numerous parallel,
rather tliin and sharp ridges or costte. Length, about 0.4 mm (^
inch).
Localities. — Off Atlantic coast of the southern United States (sta-
tions 2420, 2614, 2641), 60 to 168 fathoms.
LAGENA STAPHYLLEARIA Schwager.
(Plate 54, fig. 1.)
Compressed pyriform, smooth, the apical margin rounded, the basal
margin thin, broad and extended into four or five short stout spines:
external aperture leading into an internal tube (eutosolenian). Length,
about 0.4 mm {-^g inch).
Locality. — Caribbean Sea, near Aspinwall (station 2144), 896 fathoms.
LAGENA MARGINATA Walker and Boys.
(Plate 54, fig. 2.)
Contour round, lenticular, margin thin, sharp, and prolonged into a
more or less broad wing projecting from the entire circumference; sur-
face smooth; walls thin, generally transparent, and finely perforated ;
aperture a short horizontal slit at the margin, communicating with a
tubular neck extending into the cavity of the shell. Diameter, about
1 mm. (^4 inch ).
Localities. — Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and South Atlantic (sta-
tions 2144, 2150, 2385, 2394, 2395, 2754), 347 to 896 fathoms.
LAGENA CASTANEA, new species.
(Plate54, fig. 3.)
Contour nearly circular, compressed, slightly protuberant at the oral
end; margin rounded and smooth except at the aboral end, which is
bicariuate; keels or wings thin, comparatively wide aud well se^iarated,
308 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
extending about half the circumference of the test, joining each other
at the extremities; mouth short, oval, with a contorted internal tubu-
lar neck. Diameter, about 0.5 mm. (-^^ inch).
Locality. — Kear Aspinwall (station 2144), 89G fathoms.
LAGENA ORBIGNYANA Seguenza.
(Plate 54, fig. 4.)
Oval, compressed, the oral end protuberant and tapering; body
smooth, the circumference bordered by three parallel wings or keels,
the middle one widest. The aperture is at the end of a prolongation of
the middle keel only. Diameter, about 0.5 mm. (-5^ inch).
Loealities. — Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico (stations 2117, 2144, 2355,
2394), 399 to 896 fathoms.
LAGENA CASTRENSIS Schwager.
(Plate 54, fig. 5.)
Form and general characters the same as L. orhignyana ; distinguished
by a surface ornamentation of regular rows of thickly set circular pits
covering more or less completely the body and wings of the shell.
The published descriptions of L. castrensis call for a surface orna-
mentation of ''exogenous beads," but in the specimens here described
the surface is unquestionably pitted. The test is tricarinate and has
all the other general characters of L. castrensis.
Locality. — Off IlTantucket Shoals (station 2252), 38 fathoms.
Svilafainily IS'ODOS ARIN^.
Test poly thalamous ; straight, arcuate, or planospiral.
Genus NODOSARIA.
Test straight or curved, circular in transverse section; aperture
typically central.
NODOSARIA ROTUNDATA Reuss.
(Plate 54, fig. 6.)
Oval or ovate, smooth, consisting of a few overlapp ng segments;
sutures not depressed, indistinct; walls thin and white; aperture com-
posed of a large number of radiating fissures, central at the end of the
slightly i)roduced terminal segment. Length, about 1 mm. (1}^ inch).
Localities recorded. — Five stations in the North Atlantic (stations
2212, 2550, 2571, 2577, 2586), 32 to 1,356 fathoms.
NODOSARIA LAEVIGATA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 55, fig. 3.)
Oval, tapering at both ends, circular in section; surface smooth and
polished; sutures indistinct; distinguished from iV^.ro^wwdato principally
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA 309
by the spines (one or several) projecting from the inferior end of the
shell.
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico and west coast of Patagonia (stations
2352, 2377, 2395, 2784), 194 to 463 fothoms.
NODOSARIA RADICULA Linnaeus.
(Plate 55, fig. 1.)
Oval, elongated, smooth, composed of two or more segments in a
straight series; sutures depressed; aperture central, consisting of radi-
ating fissures in the protuberant end of the last segment. Length,
about 1 mm. (0-5- inch).
Localities. — South of Long Island, southeast of Georges Bank (sta-
tions 2234, 2570), 810 to 1,813 fathoms.
In typical specimens tlie segments are more inflated and the sutures
more depressed than those figured in the accompanying plate.
NODOSARIA SIMPLEX Silvestri.
(Plate 55, fig. 2.)
Consists of two inflated, subglobular segments, the first terminating
in a short spine, the second slightly elongated and tapering to the
radiate aperture; sutures a little depressed; walls thin and trans-
parent, finely perforated. Length, about 0.8 mm. {^^j inch).
Locality. — Oft' Cape Hatteras (station 2115), 843 fathoms.
NODOSARIA PYRULA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 55, fig. 4.)
A long, slender, delicate shell, composed of a series of oval or ovate
segments of nearly uniform size, joined together in a straight or slightly
curved line bj^ means of long tubular necks; surface smooth, without
ornamentation. Length, indefinite. Owing to the fragility of the shell
a whole one is rarely found. One specimen in the collection is over 8
mm. (fg inch) long.
Locality.— Gn\f of Mexico (stations 2377,2378, 2399), 68 to 210 fathoms.
NODOSARIA FARCIMEN Soldani.
(Plate 55, fig. 5.)
An elongated, tajjering, slightly curved shell, composed of from four
to eight oval or inflated segments, rapidly increasing in size from the
first; segments separated by deep depressions, sometimes lengthened into
a short neck; surface generally smooth, occasionally roughened about
the sutures. Lengtli, about 2.5 mm. ( j^ inch).
Localities. — Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, east coast of Florida
(stations 2150, 2352, 2377, 2G79), 210 to 782 fathoms.
310 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897,
NODOSARIA FILIFORMIS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 55, lig. 6.)
Long, slender, slightly curved, composed of numerous oval, smooth
segments joined in linear series; sutures moderately depressed and
transverse. Length, 3 to 4.5 mm. (J to --^^ inch).
Locality.— Gulf of Mexico (stations 2377, 2378, 2399, 2400), 68 to 210
fathoms.
NODOSARIA CONSOBRINA, variety EMACIATA Reuss.
(Plate 56, fig. 1.)
Long, slender, slightly curved and tapering, composed of numerous
short, nearly cylindrical segments, arranged in linear series ; sutures
not depressed except near the oral end ; surface smooth. Length, 3 to 8
mm. (^ to ^ inch).
Locality.— Gulf of Mexico (stations 2378, 2399), 68 and 196 fathoms.
NODOSARIA SOLUTA Reuss.
(Plate 56, fig. 3.)
A rather stout shell, composed of globular or short-oval segments,
comparatively few in number, arranged in a straight or slightly curved
line; initial segment large and spherical; surface smooth, or some-
times bristly rough about the sutures; aperture a rouud opening with
short radiating fissures in the center of the protruding end of the
terminal segment.
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico, North Atlantic, South Atlantic, Panama
Bay (stations 2385, 2394, 2550, 2679, 2760, 2784, 2805), 51 to 1,081
fathoms.
NODOSARIA COMMUNIS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 56, fig. 2.)
Slender, tapering, curved ; segments numerous, smooth; sutural lines
oblique, obvious, little if at all depressed. Length, 2 to 3 mm. (jV to ^
inch).
Localities. — Off Nantucket Shoals, Gulf of Mexico, off Cape Fear,
west coast of Patagonia (stations 2041, 2377, 2679, 2784), 194 to 1,608
fathoms.
NODOSARIA RCEMERI Neugeboren.
(Plate 56, fig. 5.)
Elongate, cylindrical, or slightly tapering, rounded at the base; seg-
ments few; walls thin and transparent; sutures full and more or less
oblique, especially the earlier ones ; aperture terminal, radiate. Length,
1 to 4.5 mm. (tA. to -^^ inch).
Localities. — Off Nantucket Shoals and at the mouth of Exuma Sound
(stations 2041, 2029), 1,608 and 1,169 fathoms.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 311
NODOSARIA HISPIDA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 57, fig. 1.)
Composed of a linear series of globular segments, each with or with-
out a more or less prolonged tubular neck, arranged usually in a
straight line, the whole surface thickly beset with short, mostly tubular
Bpines, Length, about 2.5 mm. ( i^o inch).
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 2398), 227 fathoms.
NODOSARIA HISPIDA, variety SUBLINEATA Brady.
(Plate 56, fig. 4.)
Varies from K. Iiispida in that delicate raised lines take the place of
spines over a portion of the surface of one or more of the segments.
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 2378), 68 fathoms.
NODOSARIA MUCRONATA Neugeboren.
(Plate 57, fig. 2.)
Elongate, conical, more or less curved, tapering to a point at the
aboral end, the final segment also frequently prolonged and conical;
sutures oblique and full J surface smooth and even; aperture radiate.
Length, about 1.5 mm. (^V inch).
Localities. — South of Marthas Vineyard and Gulf of Mexico (stations
2550, 2568, 2383), 390, 1,181, and 1,781 fathoms.
NODOSARIA COMATA Batsch.
(Plate 57, fig. 3.)
Ovate or long-oval, tapering and rounded at both ends, composed
of a few segments arranged in a straight series; sutures slightly
depressed; surface ornamented with numerous longitudinal ridges
extending from the extreme point of the initial segment to about the
middle of the linal one. Length, about 0.75 mm. (t,\7 inch).
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico, coast of Georgia, off Cape Eomain
(stations 2352, 2377, 2416, 2627), 210 to 463 fathoms.
NODOSARIA OBLIQUA Linnaeus.
(Plate 57, fig. 4.)
Long, slightly curved, tapering, slender, the initial end generally
terminating in a spine; segments numerous, the later ones somewhat
inflated; sutures more or less depressed; surface ornamented with
numerous longitudinal, continuous ridges. Section shows the chambers,
cavities, and the communicating passages.
Localities. — Off Atlantic coast of the United States, and the Gulf of
Mexico (stations 2264, 2313, 2394, 2530, 2550), 99 to 1,081 fathoms.
312 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
NODOSARIA VERTEBRALIS Batsch.
(Plate 57, fig. 5.)
Long, slender, tapering, costate, differing- from N. ohliqua chiefly in
that the sutnres are not depressed, and the septa are thick and of
transparent shell- substance, which contrasts with the white opacity of
the body of the segments. Length, about 5 mm. (I inch).
Locality.— Gnlf of Mexico (stations 2377, 2378, 2399, 2400), 68 to 198
fathoms.
NODOSARIA CATENULATA Brady.
(Plater>8, fig. 2.)
Long, slender, straight or slightly curved, tapering, the initial seg-
ment terminating in a short spine; segments numerous; sutures
depressed; surface ornament of four equidistant longitudinal ribs,
sometimes continuous, sometimes only bridging the sutures and disap-
pearing on the body of the segment. Differs from JSf. vertebra] is in its
depressed sutures and the limited number of ribs. Length, about
4.5 mm. (-j\- inch)*
Locality.— Gn\i of Mexico (station 2400), 169 fathoms.
NODOSARIA COSTULATA Reuss.
(Plate 58, fig. 1.)
In size and outline the same as W. pyrula, but with thicker walls and
having the surface ornamented with longitudinal ridges extending
sometimes continuously over the whole length of the segments, at other
times over only a i^art of its length.
Locality.— Gulf of Mexico (stations 2377, 2398), 210 and 227 fathoms.
Genus LINGULINA.
Test straight, compressed ; aperture typically a narrow fissure.
LINGULINA CARINATA d'Orbigny.
fPlateSS, fig. 3.)
Broad oval or ovate, the margin thin and slightly carinate, smooth;
segments four or five, embracing; sutures slightly if at all depressed;
aperture a narrow transverse fissure at the end of the final segment.
Length, about 1 mm. (oV inch).
Locality. — Coast of Georgia (station 2416), 276 fathoms.
LINGULINA CARINATA, variety SEMINUDA Hantken.
(Plate 58, fig. 4.)
Ovate, compressed, margins rounded, composed of a few (three to six)
segments, rapidly increasing in size, arranged in straight series;
sutures slightly depressed; surface smooth on the compressed sides,
ornamented on the margins with several delicate longitudinal ribs;
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 313
aperture a transverse slit at tlie eud of the last segment. Section
shows the form and arrangement of the chambers. Length, about 1.5
mm. (1^6 inch).
Locality.— GuU of Mexico (stations 2399, 2400), 169 to 170 fathoms.
Genus FRONDICULARIA.
Test comi^ressed or complanate, segments V-shaped, equitant; pri-
mordial chamber distinct.
FRONDICULARIA ALATA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 59, lig. 1.)
Triangular or ovate, much compressed, smooth, transparent; com-
mencing usually with a globular chamber, which often bears a project-
ing spine, the succeeding segments are V-shaped, their arms becoming
longer with each additional segment, so that the ends are approxi-
mately in line with the initial chamber. Sometimes the earlier seg-
ments are irregular, one arm only of the V being developed. Segments
numerous; aperture terminal, round, with lateral Assures. Length,
3 mm. (4 iuch), more or less.
Locality.— GnU of Mexico (stations 2377, 2399), 210 and 198 fathoms.
FRONDICULARIA IN^QUALIS Costa.
(Plate 59, fig. 2.)
Oval or ovate, elongate, smooth; walls thin and fragile; early seg-
ments somewhat irregular in form and sequence; the arms of the
V-shaped segments short and tapering, seldom reaching the line of the
initial chamber. Length, 1.5 mm. (-i- inch), more or less.
Locality. — North Atlantic, off coast of New York (stations 2530, 2584),
956 and 541 fathoms.
Genus MARGINULINA.
Test elongate, curved; segments nearly circular in section; aperture
marginal.
MARGINULINA GLABRA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 60, fig. 1.)
Short, stout, smooth, irregularly ovate, slightly curved owing to the
planospiral arrangement of the first three segments; the later segments
inflated, especially on the inner side of the curve; sutures often indis-
tinct, aperture more or less radiate. Section shows the form and arrange-
ment of the chambers. Length, 1.5 mm. {^ inch), more or less.
Localities. — North Atlantic (six statioiisj. Straits of Yucatan, (lulfof
Mexico (stations 2041, 2234, 2358, 2392, 2570, 2586, 2641, 2677), 60 to 1813
fathoms.
314 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
MARGINULINA ENSIS Reuss.
(Plate 59, fig. 3.)
Elongate, subcylindrical, early segments moderately compressed, the
first fonr or five curved so as to form about half a convolution; later
segments inflated, arranged in a nearly straight line, with slightly
oblique, depressed sutures; surface smooth; walls thin and rather
fragile; aperture marginal, tubular, round, with radiating fissures.
Length, 2.5 to 4 mm. {^^ to ^ inch).
Locality.— North Atlantic (stations 2242, 2343, 2614), 58 to 168 fathoms.
Genus VAGINULINA.
Test elongate, compressed or complanate; septation oblique; aperture
marginal.
VAGINULINA SPINIGERA Brady.
(Plate 60, lig. 3.)
Elongate, compressed, tapering, smooth, bearing at the initial end
two or more long stout spines. The earliest two or three segments are
spirally arranged; subsequently they are in linear series, with more or
less oblique sutural lines. Length of body, 3 mm. (J inch), more or less.
Locality.— North Atlantic (stations 2263, 2586), 430 and 328 fathoms.
VAGINULINA LEGUMEN Linnaeus.
(Plate 60, fig. 2.)
Elongate, slightly compressed, smooth, of nearly uniform diameter;
initial end terminating in a stout marginal spine; oral extremity taper-
ing toward the margin opposite the initial spine; sutures distinct,
oblique, not depressed; no surface ornamentation. Length, about
4 mm. (^ inch).
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 2395), 347 fathoms.
VAGINULINA LINEARIS Montagu.
(Plate 61, lig. 1.)
Elongate, slightly compressed, of nearly uniform diameter, straight
or a little curved; segments numerous, the first three or four irregular,
the remainder in linear series with the sutures more or less oblique;
surface ornamented with many longitudinal or very slightly diagonal
ribs. Length, about 2.5 mm. {^ inch).
Localities. — Off" coast of Georgia and Florida (stations 2315, 2416,
2641), 37 to 276 fathoms.
Genus CRISTELLARIA.
Test i)lanospiral in part or entirely; complanate, lenticular, crosier-
shaped, or eusiform.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 315
CRISTELLARIA TENUIS Bornemann.
(Plate 61, fig. 2.)
A small, elongate, slender, delicate shell, the initial portion com-
pressed; segments numerous, the earliest ones spirally arranged, the
others in linear series; walls thin and transparent; sutures near the
oral end transverse and more or less depressed; aperture terminal,
central. Length, 1.25 mm. {.?■^J inch), more or less.
Locality. — Atlantic Coast of the United States; station doubtful.
CRISTELLARIA OBTUSATA, variety SUBALATA Brady.
(Plate 61, fig. 3.)
Elongate, slightly compressed and curved, rather broader at the
initial than at the oral end ; surface smooth ; ventral margin rounded,
dorsal margin acute and distinctly carinate at the aboral extremity;
early segments spiral, later ones linear-oblique; sutures distinct but
not depressed. Length, 2.5 to 4 mm. ( jV to ^ inch).
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico, off Cape Fear, and off Santa Lucia, West
Indies (stations 2395, 2679, 2754), 347, 782, 880 fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA COMPRESSA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 62, fig. 1.)
More or less elongated, much compressed, broad at the initial end,
straight or curved, the early segments piano-spiral with the outer mar-
gin more or less broadly carinate, the later segments rectilinear;
sutures oblique. Length, 2.5 to 4.7 mm. ( ^j to ^q inch).
Localities. — Off Nantucket Shoals, south of Long Island, Gulf of
Mexico (stations 2041, 2234, 2385), 730 to 1,608 fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA RENIFORMIS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 62, fig. 2.)
Short, compressed, the peripheral edge sharp and sometimes carinate;
segments arranged plano-spirally, except the last two or three, which are
applied obliquely, forming a projecting angle, in which the aperture is
situated. Length, about 2.5 mm. ( ji inch).
Localities. — North Atlantic (four stations), Gulf of Mexico (stations
2041, 2212, 2568, 2584, 2377, 2385), 210 to 1,780 fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA SCHLOENBACHI Reuss.
(Plate 63, fig. 4.)
Small, elongate, nearly circular in section; spiral portion very short
and inconspicuous, the remaining portion consisting of a few diagonal
segments with slightly depressed sutures; surface smooth; walls thin
and transparent. Length, 0.8 to 1 mm. (3V to .f- inch). From the
Gulf of Mexico (stations 2377, 2700), 210 and 109 fathoms.
316 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
CRISTELLARIA VARIABILIS Reuss.
(Plate 63, fig. 1.)
Variable in form, according to stage of development, from circular to
elongate, compressed; margins generally carinate; young specimens
consist of the spiral segments only ; older ones have two or three oblicpie
segments added; walls thin and transparent. Length, about 0.4 mm.
(eV inch).
Localities. — Caribbean Sea, North Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico (stations
2144, 2263, 2584, 2378, 2394, 2398), 08 to 89G fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA CREPIDULA Fichtel and Moll.
(Plate 63, fig. 2.)
Elongate or elongate-oval, compressed, smooth, the early spiral ar-
rangement of segments soon changing into the linear-obliqne; periph-
eral margin rounded; sutures slightly depressed. Length, 0.8 to 3 mm.
(sV to 1 inch).
Localities. — Off coast of North Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and west
coast of Cuba (stations 2614, 2313, 2416, 2G41, 2352), 60 to 463 fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA ACUTAURICULARIS Fichtel and Moll,
(Plate 63, fig. 5.)
Small, ovoid, thick, smooth, with rounded margins; early segments
small, closely spiral; later segments increasing rapidly in length and
thickness, becoming oblique instead of radial, and somewhat inflated.
Length, about 0.6 mm. (-^^ inch).
Localities. — Off Carysfort Light, Florida, and off the coast of South
Carolina (stations 2641, 2313), 60 to 99 fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA LATIFRONS Brady.
(Plate 63, fig. 3.)
Elongate, triangular in transverse section, tapering toward each end;
dorsal angle acute and carinate; ventral face broad, flat, or rounded,
with acute or rounded marginal angles; early segments closely spiral,
later ones growing rapidly longer and more obliquely set, the final one
erect and extending nearly the whole length of the shell. Length,
1 mm. or less ( ^^ inch).
Localities. — Off" Carysfort Light, Florida, and Gulf of Mexico (stations
2641, 2377), 60 to 210 fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA ITALICA Defiance.
(Plate 63, fig. 6.)
Short and stout, contour in section very nearly an equilateral tri-
angle, angles rather sharp, but not carinate; spiral segments rapidly
increasing in size, more or less obliquely set; face of the final seg-
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 317
inent comparatively flat and triangular 5 surface smooth; aperture at
the dorsal angle. Length, about 2 mm. (fV inch).
Localities. — Oft' coast of Georgia and Gulf of Mexico (stations 2415,
2399), 440 and 190 fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA GIBBA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 64, fig. 1.)
Sublenticular, equally biconvex, smooth, characterized by the some-
what iutiated and jirotuberant tinal segment, and its contracted septal
face. Diameter, about 1 mm. (-0-5- inch).
Localities. — North xVtlantic (three stations). Gulf of Mexico, coast of
Yucatan (stations 2243, 2312, 2415, 2379, 2400, 2354), 63 to 1,467 fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA ARTICULATA Reuss.
(Plate 64, fig. 2.)
Test rotaliform, or sometimes with the last few segments more or less
evolute; margin rounded or subcarinate; segments slightly inflated;
aperture radiate, in the protuberant end of the last segment.
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico and oft" the coast of Georgia (stations
2399, 2400, 2416), 169 to 276 fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA ROTULATA Lamarck.
(Plate 64, fig. 4.)
Lenticular, biconvex, smooth; margin sharp, but not carinate;
formed of about three convolutions, the last entirely inclosing the
others; walls thick and strong. Section shows well the form and
arrangement of the chambers and their apertures and the structure
of the shell. Diameter, 1.5 to 2.5 mm. {-^\ to iV inch).
Localities. — Caribbean Sea, North Atlantic, and Gulf of Mexico (sta-
tions 2150, 2415, 2399), 196 to 440 fatlioms.
CRISTELLARIA VORTEX Fichtel and Moll.
(Plate 65, fig. 1.)
Lenticular, biconvex, smooth, with a sharp noncarinate margin; dis-
tinguished by the long lielicoid curve of the sutures marking the out-
line of the chambers. Diameter, about 1 mm. {-r^ inch).
Localities. — North Atlantic and Caribbean Sea (stations 2416, 2357),
276 and 130 fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA ORBICULARIS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 64, fig. 3.)
Form of the shell and the shape and arrangement of the chambers
same as in C. vortex. Difters only in having the margin extended into
a distinct wing or keel.
Locality.— {^Vi\^ of Mexico (stations 2377, 2400), 210 and 169 fathoms.
318 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
CRISTELLARIA CULTRATA Montfort.
(Plate 65, fig. 2.)
A lenticular, biconvex, smooth shell, in all general characters like
C rotulata except the peripheral margin, which in this si^ecies is
extended into a thin, broad wing or keel. Diameter, 2 mm. ( ^V inch),
more or less.
Locality.— Qculi of Mexico (stations 2399, 2400), 196 and 169 fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA CALCAR Linnaeus.
(Plate 66, fig. 1.)
Lenticular, biconvex, smooth, cariuate,in some instances with a broad
keel notched and spinous at the edge, in other cases with a narrow
keel and long, slender, radiating spines. Size variable; the large
specimens generally have the broad keel and the small ones the long
spines.
Localities. — Off the coast of the Carolinas and in the Gulf of Mexico
(stations 2312, 2313, 2079, 2377, 2400), 88 to 782 fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA ECHINATA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 66, fig. 2.)
Test lenticular; margin either rounded or keeled and projected into
more or less numerous radiating processes ; sutures limbate and beaded.
Diameter, 1.25 to 2.50 mm. (2V to -^^ inch).
Locality.— G\x\f of Mexico (stations 2377, 2399, 2400), 169 to 210
fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA ACULEATA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 66, fig. 3.)
Elongate, moderately compressed ; early segments planospiral, later
ones rectilinear or curved; sutures oblique and conspicuously marked
by rounded tubercles or short, stout spines; general surface, especially
of the earlier segments, often tuberculated or spinous, peripheral edge
sometimes finished with several long, slender spines.
Locality.— GuM of Mexico (stations 2377, 2399), 210 and 196 fathoms.
CRISTELLARIA LIMBATA, new species.
(Plate 67, fig. 1.)
Elongate, evolute, slightly compressed, resembling G. aculeata in
contour and arrangement of the segments; peripheral margin more or
less sj)iuous; sutures covered by thick, smooth, prominent bands of
transparent shell substance, without tubercles or spines. Length,
about 2 ram. (i\ inch).
Locality.— {ju\f of Mexico (stations 2377, 2399), 210 and 196 fathoms.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 319
SiaTafamily 3?OIL.Y]MORr»IIIlSrilSrjE.
Segments arranged spirally or irregularly around tlie long axis;
rarely biserial and alternate.
Genus POLYMORPHINA.
Segments bi- or tri- serial or irregularly spiral ; aperture radiate.
POLYMORPHINA SORORIA Reuss, variety FISTULOSA.
(Plate 67, fig. 2.)
Body ovate, smooth, nearly symmetrical, composed of four or five
elongated segments, arranged spirally. Upon tbc symmetrical body
is set a final segment, irregularly globular, rough, bearing numerous
slender, tubular, radiating projections with a round aperture at the end
of each.
Localities. — IlTorth Atlantic, oft" coast of Brazil, Gulf of Mexico (sta-
tions 2221, 2568, 2763), 671 to 1,781 fathoms.
POLYMORPHINA COMPRESSA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 67, tig. 3.)
Irregularly oval, compressed, smooth, margins rounded; composed
of four to eight segments arranged in two alternating series; aperture
terminal, radiate; sutures more or less depressed. Length, 0,8 to 1.6
mm. (^ to i\ inch).
Localities. — Off Atlantic Coast of the Southern United States (sta-
tions 2312, 2313, 2415, 2416, 1'614), 88 to 440 fathoms.
POLYMORPHINA ELEGANTISIMA Parker and Jones.
(Plate 67, fig. 4.)
Ovate or pyriform, compressed unequally on two sides; margins
rounded, surface smooth, segments long and arched, arranged biseri-
ally, but the alternation inequilateral; aperture terminal, radiate.
Length, 1 mm. (-i- inch) or less.
POLYMORPHINA OBLONGA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 67, fig. 5.)
Oval, elongate, more or less compressed, composed of about six
oblong, inflated segments, un symmetrically arranged and united by
depressed sutures.
Localities. — Oft" the coast of Georgia and North Carolina (stations
2416, 2614), 276 and 168 fathoms.
POLYMORPHINA COMMUNIS d'Orbigny.
(Plato 67, fig. 6.)
Ovate, not compressed; visible segments three or four, oval, inflated,
symmetrically arranged; sutures rather indistinct, not depressed.
Length, 0.8 to 0.0 mm. (/o to gV inch).
320 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Localities. — Off coast of Georgia and off Unalaska (stations 24:16,
2842).
Genus UVIGERINA.
Segments arranged in a more or less regular spire around the long
axis of the shell, rarely biserial. Aperture simple, usually surrounded
by a phialine lip; often forming a prolonged terminal tube.
UVIGERINA TENUISTRIATA Reuss.
(Plate 68, JBg. 1.)
Oval, elongate; sutures not well marked; arrangement of segments
obscure; surface ornamented with numerous very fine longitudinal
striie; aperture tubular, with a phialine lip, the tube sometimes bear-
ing two or three rings of shell substance. Length, about 0.6 mm.
(to inch).
Locality. — Off Garysfort Light, Florida (station 2641), 60 fathoms.
UVIGERINA PYGM^A d'Orbigny.
(Plate 68, fig. 2.)
Oval, more or less elongated, symmetrical; surface rough with thin,
prominent, interrupted costive; aperture tubular with a x^hialine lip.
The principal feature distinguishing this species from U. tenuistriata is
the prominence of the cost?e.
Locality. — Off Cape Fear (station 2679), 782 fathoms.
UVIGERINA ANGULOSA Williamson.
(Plate 68, fig. 3.)
Small, elongate, compressed on three sides, the sides nearly equal,
the angles sharp, surface roughened with more or less prominent costiie.
Length, about 0.4 mm. (-g\ inch).
Localities. — Exuma Sound and Panama Bay (stations 2530,2805), 956
and 51 fathoms.
UVIGERINA ASPERULA Czjzek.
(Plate 68, fig. 4.)
Oval or ovate, more or less elongated, rounded at the initial end, the
surface roughened with short spines, sometimes set in rows and tending
to run together into short costa', at other times, especially on the termi-
nal segment, irregularly and closely distributed ; aperture phialine on
a tubular neck. Length, about 0.5 mm. {-^^^ inch).
Locality. — Off the coast of Brazil (station 2760), 1,019 fathoms.
UVIGERINA ASPERULA, variety AMPULLACEA Brady
(Plate 68, fig. 5.)
Elongate, irregularly flask-shaped, the base being formed by the early
segments arranged spirally; the later segments tending to become rec-
tilinear and inflated, the final one being surmounted by a long tubular
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 321
neck with a pliialine lip; surface, biistly-spiuy. Leiigtli, about 0.6
mm. (-4V inch).
Locality. — Oli" the Brazil coast (station 2760), 1,019 fathoms.
Subfainilr R,^M:tJJL.i:Nri]Sr^.
Test irregular, branching.
Genus RAMULINA.
Test branching, composed of pyriform chambers connected, by long
stolouiferous tubes.
RAMULINA GLOBULIFERA Brady.
(Plate 68, fig. 6.)
Segments few, subglobular, united by long stolouiferous tubes, and
each segment provided with numerous radiating tubulures; walls
hyaline; surface bristly with sparsely set fine and short spines.
Locality.— Q(\\\f of Mexico (station 2377,) 210 fathoms.
RAMULINA PROTEIFORMIS, new species.
(Plate 68, fig. 7.)
Test calcareous, extremely thin and fragile, very finely perforated;
surface smooth ; in form very irregular and variable, sometimes branch-
ing, sometimes with more or less numerous short digital i^rocesses,
imperfectly segmented, the segments inflated into a great variety of
shapes. The figures show only a fes\' of the myriad forms assumed by
this delicate foraminifer.
Locality.— G\\\i of Mexico (stations 2352 and 2377), 403 and 210
fathoms.
Family VIII. GLOBIGEEmiD.E.
Test free, calcareous, perforate; chambers few, inflated, arranged
spirally ; aperture single or multiple, conspicuous.
Genus GLOBIGERINA.
Test coarsely perforate ; trochoid, rotaliform, or symmetrically piano-
spiral.
GLOBIGERINA BULLOIDES d'Orbigny.
(Plate 69, fig. 2.)
Subglobular, the adult shell composed of about seven nearly spherical
segments, arranged spirally so that all are visible on the upper side,
and three or four on the lower side; aperture of each chamber opens
into a common umbilical vestibule; surface more or less rough; walls
hyaline, finely and distinctly perforated. Diameter, 0.6 mm. {-^ inch)
or less.
Locality. — Coast of Yucatan (station 2358), 222 fathoms. Found iu
almost every part of the oceau.
NAT MUS 97 21
322 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
GLOBIGERINA INFLATA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 69, fig. 3.)
Snbglobiilar, flattened on the superior face; segments rather numer-
ous, four in the final convolution; sutures depressed; aperture a large
arclied gaping orifice on the face of the final segment. Diameter,
about 0.5 mm. (-g^,- inch). Found in almost every sea.
Localities. — Xorth Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico (stations 2204,
2372), 728 and 27 fathoms.
GLOBIGERINA DUBIA Egger.
(Plate 69, fig. 4.)
Subglobular, slightly compressed, segments relatively numerous,
arranged spirally in about three convolutions, all the segments visible .
on the upper face, five or six on the lower; umbilical vestibule central,
with which all the chambers directly connect; surface rough; walls
finely perforated. Diameter, about O.G mm. (^o' inch).
Locality. — Panama Bay. Species widely distributed.
GLOBIGERINA RUBRA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 69, fig. 5.)
Shell composed of nearly globular segments, arranged in a spire of
about three convolutions with three segments in each whorl; apertures,
a single, large, arched orifice in the face of the final segment and one
or two rounded openings on the superior face of several of the chambers
near the sutures; surface rough; walls finely perforated; color pink.
Diameter, about 0.5 mm. (-V inch).
Localities. — Widely distributed. Specimens taken off the Windward
Islands and the coast of Brazil (stations 2751, 2760), 687 and 1,019
fathoms.
GLOBIGERINA CONGLOBATA Brady.
(Plate 69, fig. 6.)
Subglobular, the early segments comparatively small and compact,
the last three large and inflated, the final one resting like a cap upon
one side of the shell; surface rough, originally bristly-spiny, as shown
by the unbroken spines in the aperture; principal aperture broad and
arched at the margin of the last segment, other small orifices in the
sutural depressions on the upper side of the shell; walls thick and
profusely perforated. Diameter, about 0.8 mm. {-^ inch).
Localities. — Widely distributed. Specimens from Windward Islands
and coast of Brazil (stations 2751, 2760), 687 and 1,019 fathoms.
GLOBIGERINA SACCULIFERA Brady.
(Plate 70, fig. 1.)
Composed of seven to nine segments rather loosely aggregated
spirally, the earlier ones globular, the last one or two elongated and
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 323
inflated into various and irregular forms, tbe peripheral extremity often
bearing- several short digital outgrowths; apertures multiple, large,
often five visible on the superior facej walls conspicuously perforated.
Diameter, 1 mm. (/^ inch), more or less.
Localities. — Found in tropical and subtropical latitudes. Specimens
from the same stations as the two preceding.
GLOBIGERINA DIGITATA Brady.
(Plate 70, fig. 2.)
Early segments spiral, regular, same as G. hulloides; last three seg-
ments of the final convolution elongated and rounded at the ends like
the fingers of a glove, spreading radially.
Locality. — A single specimen from the Gulf of Mexico (station 2377),
210 fathoms.
GLOBIGERINA .EQUILATERALIS Brady.
(Plate 70, fig. 3.)
Segments subglobular, increasing rather rapidly in size, arranged in
a flat coil of about one convolution and half another, all the segments
being equally visible on both sides; aperture a large arched opening
on the inner face of each segment; walls conspicuously perforated;
surface rough with the short stumps of broken spines. Diameter, about
0.8 mm. ("3^ inch).
Locality. — Specimens dredged off the Windward Islands (station
2751), 687 fathoms.
Genus ORBULINA.
Test having the form of a single spherical chamber with two sorts of
perforations, large and small.
ORBULINA UNIVERSA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 69, fig. 1.)
Typically in the form of a perfect sphere with thin walls inclosing a
single chamber; occasionally two or three chambered shells are found;
walls sometimes laminated, profusely perforated with both very fine
and comi)aratively large orifices, ^o general aperture. Diameter,
■about 0.8 mm. (^ij inch).
Localities. — The most common of all the species of foraminifera.
Found in every sea.
Genus HASTIGERINA.
Test regularly nautiloid, involute; shell wall thin, finely perforated;
armed with long serrate spines. Aperture a large crescentiform opening
at the base of the last chamber.
324 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
HASTIGERINA PELAGICA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 70, fig. 4.)
Snbgrlobnlar, compressed equally on both sides, iiml)ilici depressed;
composed of iutiated segments rapidly increasing in size, arranged in a
planospiral series of about two convolutions, the last convolution
entirely including the others; walls thin; sutures depressed; surface
roughish with the stumps of broken spines; aperture a large arched
opening at the inner margin of the last segment. Diameter, about
0.8 mm. (aV inch).
LccaUty. — Specimens exhibited are worn bottom shells collected in
the Gulf of Mexico (station 2377), 210 fathoms.
Genus PULLENIA.
Test regularly or obliquely nautiloid and involute; segments only
slightly ventricose; shell wall very finely perforated; aperture a long,
curved slit close to the line of union of the last segment with the
previous convolution.
PULLENIA QUINQUELOBA Reuss.
(Plate 70, fig. 5.)
Biconvex, bilaterally symmetrical, round, peripheral edge thick and
rounded, final convolution consisting of about five segments wholly
concealing the previous convolutions; surface smooth; sutures some-
times depressed, sometimes obscure; aperture a long, narrow, curved
slit at the inner margin of the last segment. Diameter, about 0.6 mm.
(-/o inch).
Localities. — Widely distributed; specimens from the JSTorth Atlantic
(three stations) and the Gulf of Mexico (stations 2115, 2204, 2584, 2352),
463 to 843 fathoms.
PULLENIA OBLIQUILOBULATA Parker and Jones.
(Plate 70, fig. 6.)
Subglobular, slightly compressed, inequilateral, obliquely nautiloid;
surface smooth; walls thick and finely but conspicuously perforated ;
aperture a crescentic opening on the inner margin of the last segment,
generally somewhat obliquely placed. Diameter, about 0.8 mm.
(aV inch).
Locality. — Off the Windward Islands, West Indies (station 2751),
687 fathoms.
Genus SPH^^ROIDINA.
Segments few, coiled so as to form a nearly globular shell; aperture
arched; sometimes partially closed with a valvular tongue.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 325
SPH^ROIDINA BULLOIDES d'Orbigny.
(Plate 71, fig. 1.)
Ifearly spherical, smooth, composed of comparatively few segments
arranged in an approximately symmetrical spire; sutures slightly
depressed; walls minutely and indistinctly perforated; aperture semi-
circular or cresceutic, sometimes with a valvular lip, at the inner
margin of the last segment. Diameter, about 1 mm. (.^5 inch).
Localities. — Widely distributed; specimens from North Atlantic, Gulf
of Mexico, and South Atlantic (stations 2530, 2383, 2760), 956 to 1,181
fathoms.
SPH^ROIDINA DEHISCENS Parker and Jones.
(Plate 71, fig. 2.)
Subglobular; segments arranged as in S. hulloides; sutures at the
bottom of wide and deep irregular fissures; walls thick and conspicu-
ously ijerfor a ted; aperture an arched opening into the deep fissure at
the base of the last segment. Diameter, about 1 mm. (2-5- inch).
Localities. — Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and off Windward
Islands (stations 2150, 2358, 2399, 2751), 196 to 687 fathoms.
Genus CANDEINA.
Test trochoid; segments inflated; shell- walls thin, finely perforated;
aperture consisting of rows of pores along the septal depressions.
CANDEINA NITIDA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 71, fig. 3.)
Contour irregular, subconical; segments twelve to fifteen, subspher-
ical, smooth, regularly increasing in size, arranged in an elongated
spiral; sutures deeply depressed, walls thin and very minutely per-
forated; aperture a series of jjores rather closely set in the sutures
uniting the segments. Diameter, about 0.5 mm. (--^ inch).
Locality. — Specimens taken near the Windward Islands (station
2751), 687 fathoms.
Family IX. ROTALID.E.
Test calcareous, perforated; free or adherent. Typically spiral and
"rotaliform;" that is to say, coiled in such a manner that all the
segments are visible on the superior surface, those of the last convolu-
tion only on the inferior or apertural side, sometimes one face being
more convex, sometimes the other.
SiaTafamily SPIRILLHSriN-^E.
Test spiral, nonseptate.
Genus SPIRILLINA.
Test a complanate, planospiral, nonseptate tube; free or attached.
326 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
SPIRILLINA VIVIPARA Ehrenberg.
(Plate 71, fig. 4.)
A circular, double concave disk, formed by a single tube closely
coiled in one plane; tube undivided, conspicuously perforated by a
single row of pores; sutures thick, but not raised; aperture, the open
end of the unconstricted tube. Diameter, 0.75 mm. {-./-.^ inch) or less.
Localities. — Not recorded.
SPIRILLINA LIMBATA Brady.
(Plate 71, fig. 5.)
Circular, concave on both sides, composed of numerous regular coils
of a flattened tube; peripheral edge square; sutural line marked by a
raised ridge of shell substance: general surface smooth; perforations
very indistinct. Diameter, about 0.8 mm. (3^0 inch).
Locality. — Not recorded.
SPIRILLINA OBCONICA Brady.
(Plate 71, fig. 6.)
Circular, deeply concave on one side, moderately convex on the other ;
peripheral edge rounded; sutures deeply depressed on the concave face,
flush on the other; convolutions eight or ten; perforations on the con-
cave face only, at the summit of minute bead like prominences arranged
in a single row along the sutural side of the tube; tube slightly con-
stricted at regular intervals alternating with the perforations. Diam-
eter, 0.8 to 1.2 mm. (3V to aV inch).
Locality. — Not recorded.
Test spiral, rotaliform, rarely evolute, very rarely irregular or acer-
vuline.
Genus CYMBALOPORA.
Test more or less trochoid or complanate. Segments of the trochoid
forms spiral at the apex, subsequently arranged concentrically around
a deep umbilical vestibule with which each chamber communicates by
a neck. Complanate forms with rows of pores along the septal depres-
sions of the inferior surface.
CYMBALOPORA POEYI d'Orbigny.
(Plate 72, fig. 1.)
Short conical, with rounded apex and flat base; composed of numer-
ous segments, at first arranged in a regular spiral, later in circles or
rings around a central vestibule, the segments of one auuulus alternat-
ing more or less regularly with the one above and below; segments
separated toward the center by irregular fissures ; surface conspicuously
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OP RECENT FORAMINIFEEA. 32 1
porous; aperture of each chamber opens into the central vestibule.
Diameter, about 0.75 mm. (gV inch).
Locality. — Ofl" the west coast of Cuba (station 2352), 403 fathoms.
Genus DISCORBINA.
Test free or adherent, rotaliform ; plano-convex or trochoid ; rarely
complanate; aperture an arched slit, often protected by an umbilical
flap, the flaj)S sometimes forming a whorl of subsidary chambers.
DISCORBINA GLOBULARIS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 72, fig. 2.)
Discoidal, thick, the superior face quite convex, the inferior only
slightly so; segments somewhat inflated, finely perforated, hyaline, all
visible superiorly, only the last convolution inferiorly; sutures a little
depressed; aperture large and irregular at the umbilical margin of
the last segment. Diameter, about O.S mm. (^V inch).
Locality. — Ofl: Carysfort Light, Florida (station 2641), 60 fathoms.
DISCORBINA ROSACEA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 72, fig. 3.)
Contour lenticular, planoconvex, peripheral margin rounded; com-
posed of about three convolutions of six segments each ; surface smooth
and polished; sutures distinct but not depressed ; color, pale brown ;
aperture a narrow arched slit at the umbilical margin of the final seg-
ment. Diameter, about 0.4 mm. {-^ inch).
Locality. — Coast of Alaska, station unknown.
DISCORBINA BERTHELOTI d'Orbigny.
(Plate 72, fig. 4.)
Discoidal, thin, plano-convex; the superior convex face somewhat
flattened at the center, peripheral margin sharp ; outlines of the seg-
ments very distinct; sutures a little depressed, and thickened with
transparent shell-substance; later segments moderately inflated; walls
finely but distinctly perforated. Diameter, about 0.4 mm. (^^ inch).
Localities.— ^ovth. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico (stations 2212, 2313,
2352), 79 to 463 fathoms.
DISCORBINA BICONCAVA Parker and Jones.
(Plate 72, fig. 5.)
Circular, flattened on both faces; peripheral margin square or slightly
concave; coarsely perforated ; sutures on the superior face between the
earlier segments raised into prominent, thin, square-edged, wavy ridges ;
on the inferior face only slightly limbate. Diameter, about 0.4 mm.
(el. i»ch).
Locality — Gulf of Mexico (station 2400), 169 fathoms.
328 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Genus PLANORBULINA.
Test normally adherent; compressed or complanate segments very
numerous, commencing growth on a spiral plan, subsequently becom-
ing more or less cyclical; lipped apertures of the individual segments
opening externally at the periphery.
PLANORBULINA ACERVALIS Brady.
(Plate 72, fig. 7.)
Discoidal, thin, the attached side flat and smooth, the inferior face
roughened by the projection of numerous irregular inflated segments
over the whole surface; walls coarsely porous; apertures peripheral.
Diameter, 1.5 to 2.5 mm. ( j\ to -fV inch).
ioca^/^y.— Gulf of Mexico (station 2399), 190 fathoms.
PLANORBULINA MEDITERRANENSIS d'Orbigny.
(Plate72, fig.G.)
A thin, flat, nearly circular shell, when living usually attached to
some foreign body, composed of numerous segments arranged in a sin-
gle layer more or less distinctly spiral; attached surface nearly flat,
opposite surface lobulated; periphery irregular; segments inflated,
slightly embracing, very conspicuously and profusely perforated;
sutures depressed; apertures at the extremity of each segment, sim-
ple, with a raised lip. Diameter, about 1 mm. (^i inch).
Locality. — A single specimen obtained in the Gulf of Mexico (station
2377), 210 fathoms.
Genus PULVINULINA.
Test rotaliform, superior side usually thickest; shell finely porous;
segments fewer than in other rotalinfe; aperture typically a large slit
at the base of the umbilical margin of the last segment.
PULVINULINA REPANDA Fichtel and Moll.
(Plate 72, fig. 8.)
Lenticular, about equally convex on both faces; peripheral margin
subacute, limbate; sutures broad, conspicuous by reason of their glassy
clearness, limbate on both faces ; umbilicus filled smoothly with hyaline
shell substance; aperture as usual.
Locality. — Arrowsmith Bank, coast of Yucatan (station 2354), 130
fathoms.
PULVINULINA PUNCTULATA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 73, fig. 1.)
Contour round or oval; superior face convex, inferior face depressed
at tlie center; margin rounded; segments rather numerous, somewhat
inflated, in about three convolutions; sutures slightly depressed; umbili-
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. .'■)29
cus narrowed by promontories of exogenous deposit. Diameter, 1 to
1.5 mm. (1/5- to i-g- inch).
Locality. — Coast of Georgia (stations 2-415, 2110), 410 and 270 fathoms.
PULVINULINA AURICULA Fichtel and Moll.
(Plate T;^, fig. 2.)
Long oval in contour, biconvex, the convexity of the two sides about
equal, the earlier segments closely coiled, the later ones ra])idly
increasing in size, especially in length; walls thin, transparent, and
finely perforated; sutures distinct, but not depressed or thickened;
margin sharp, but not carinate. Length, 0.5 to 1 mm. (^^ to „V inch).
Locality.— i^wU of Mexico (stations 2100, 2611), IGO and GO fathoms.
PULVINULINA MENARDII d'Orbigny.
(Plate73, lig. 3.)
Contour subcircular, much flattened, composed of about two convo-
lutions of slightly inflated segments, all visible on the upper side, the
six forming the final whorl visible on the lower side; margin thin,
slightly lobed, and with a narrow keel; sutures broad, but not raised,
slightly depressed on the superior side; aperture a wide slit at the
inner margin of the last segment, often with a protruding under lip.
Diameter, about 1.25 mm. (-rf, inch).
Localities. — A very common and widely distributed species. Speci-
mens collected off Windward Islands, West Indies (station 2751), G87
fathoms.
PULVINULINA MENARDII, variety FIMBRIATA Brady.
(Plate 73, fig. 4.)
Has the same general characters as the type, but is smaller, and is
distinguished by the fringed peripheral border produced by the develop-
ment of numerous short spinous processes ui^on the normal narrow
keel.
Locality. — Coast of Brazil (station 2760), 1,019 fathoms.
PULVINULINA TUMIDA Brady.
(Plate 73, fig. 5.)
Like P. menardii, except that the segments are more inflated, making
a thicker shell, highly convex on both faces; margin not carinate;
sutures slightly, if at all, depressed below.
Localities. — Off coast of Yucatan and coast of Georgia (stations
2354, 2410), 130 and 270 fathoms.
PULVINULINA CRASSA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 74, fig. 1.)
Superior face flat, showing all the convolutions; inferior face highly
conical, composed of the final convolution only; umbilicus depressed;
segments somewhat inflated; walls hyaline, profusely and finely per-
330 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
forated; exteriorly rough; aperture a long fissure with a raised lip at
the inner margin of the final segment. Section shows chambers of the
final convolution. Diameter, about 0.0 mm. (/^ inch).
Locality. — Not recorded.
PULVINULINA MICHELIANA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 74, fig. 2.)
Subconical, the superior face forming the base of the cone, being flat
with an angular margin; the inferior face being conical, deeply exca-
vated at the top; segments, about ten, elongated, i)rojecting in a ridge
around the umbilicus; sutures not depressed ; aperture a long narrow
slit at the inner margin of the last segment. Transverse section close
to the superior surface has opened all but one of the ten chambers.
Diameter, about 0.8 mm. (^^ inch).
Localities. — Species widely distributed geographically. Specimens
from the Gulf of Mexico (station 2377), 210 fathoms.
PULVINULINA UMBONATA Reuss.
(Plate 74, fig. 4.)
Small, biconvex, with the greatest convexity on the lower face;
umbilici not depressed; margin rounded; segments rather numerous,
in about three narrow convolutions; sutures straight, radial, smooth.
Diameter, about 0.75 mm. (3-0 inch).
Locality. — Off coast of Oregon (station 3080).
PULVINULINA PAUPERATA Parker and Jones.
(Plate 74, fig. 3.)
Thin, flat, and transparent, composed of fifteen to twenty or more
slightly inflated segments, arranged in about two planospiral convolu-
tions, all the segments being visible on both sides; margin extended
into a broad, thin wing of clear shell- substance entirely surrounding the
final convolution. Diameter, about 1.5 mm. (j-g inch), often much
greater.
Locality. — Specimens from the Gulf of Mexico (stations 2385, 2395),
730 and 317 fathoms.
PULVINULINA KARSTENI Reuss.
(Plate 74, fig. 5.)
Lenticular, about equally convex on both faces, smooth and regular,
with a blunt angular peripheral margin, composed of about three con-
volutions, the last having five or six segments; sutures often indis-
tinctly marked superiorly, well-defined, and a little depressed on the
inferior face; aperture as usual, a narrow slit on the inner margin of
the final segment. Diameter, about 0.6 mm. (/o inch).
Locality. — Forth Atlantic (station 2212), 428 fathoms.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 331
PULVINULINA ELEGANS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 75, G<;. 1.)
Lenticular, about equally convex on the two sides, smooth ; perii)h-
eral margin rounded; sutures well marked but not elevated or
depressed; walls clear, transparent, and beautifully marked by opaque-
white, broad, wavy lines and irregular dots; aperture at the inner
margin of the final segment, a second aperture is found in most speci-
mens as a linear slit just beneath the peripheral margin of the last
segment. Diameter, about 1.5 mm. {-^ inch).
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico, iN'orth Atlantic, and Panama Bay (sta-
tions 2352, 2394, 2570, 2805), 51 to 1,813 fathoms.
PULVINULINA PARTSCHIANA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 75, fig. 3.)
Differs from P. elegans in its smaller size, the tendency to limbation
of the sutures, and especially in the absence of the variegated markings
which give the specific name to the former species. Diameter, about
0.75 mm. (3^ inch).
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 2391), 420 fathoms.
Genus ROTALIA.
Test rotaliform, shell- wall Aery finely porous; exogenous deposit
either in the form of embossed septal lines or of granulation of the
sutures near the umbilicus. Aperture a neatly arched slit, nearly
median.
ROTALIA BECCARII Linnaeus.
(Plate 75, fig. 2.)
Dimble-convex, with convexity greatest on the inferior face; margin
rounded and slightly lobulated; segments numerous, arranged in about
four convolutions, only the last visible on the under side; upper sur-
face smooth ; septa on inferior face more or less raised and granular, in
some cases double, with a deep fissure between the layers ; umbilicus
sometimes excavated, sometimes filled with clear shell-substance; walls
thick and strong. Diameter, about 0.8 mm. (3V inch).
Locality. — Not recorded.
ROTALIA ORBICULARIS d'Orbigny.
(Plate 75, fig. 5.)
Superior face flat or slightly convex, inferior face moderately and
regularly convex; umbilicus scarcely if at all depressed; peripheral
margin rounded; walls finely porous; surface smooth, without orua-
mentation; segments numerous, twelve or more in the final convolution;
sutures conspicuous because of the thickening of the septal walls;
orifice regular. Diameter, about 0.8 mm. (3^ inch).
Locality. — Coast of Oregon (station 3080), 93 fathoms.
332 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
ROTALIA SOLDANII d'Orbigny.
(Plate 75, fig. 4.)
Superior face flat and smooth ; inferior face highly convex; umbilicus
deeply excavated; peripheral margin thick and well rounded; walls
very finely perforated, surface smooth except the granular umbilicus;
face of the final segment broad and flat. Diameter, about 1 mm.
(t^5 inch).
Localities. — A deep-water species, widely distributed. Specimens
from North Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and North Pacific (stations 2115,
2228, 2550, 25G8, 2570, 2385, 2394, 3080).
ROTALIA SCHROETERIANA Parker and Jones.
(Plate 76, fig. 1.)
A large, strong, symmetrical shell, slightly convex on the upper face,
highly convex below; sutures broad and conspicuously marked on both
faces by numerous prominent beads of clear shell-substance; umbili-
cus filled with a dense irregular mass of shell. Section near the sujie-
rior face has opened all the chambers; cross section shows the umbili-
cal mass of shell- substance. Diameter, about 1.5 mm. {-^^ inch).
Locality. — Not recorded.
ROTALIA PAPILLOSA Brady.
(Plate 76, tig. 2.)
Test lenticular, nearly equally convex on the two faces; segments
clearly defined on both faces by thick septa of transparent shell-sub-
stance more or less regularly penetrated by round aj^ertures sometimes
running into short fissures. Diameter, about 1 mm. {^^ inch).
Locality. — Not recorded.
ROTALIA PULCHELLA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 76, fig. 3.)
Small, much compressed on both faces, composed of numerous some-
what inflated segments arranged in three or four convolutions, only
the last convolution visible on the underside; sutures raised in narrow,
sometimes interrupted ridges. Projecting radially from the margin are
three or four long slender spines, equaling or exceeding in length, when
unbroken, the greatest diameter of the test. Diameter, about 0.4 mm,
(eV inch).
Locality. — Not recorded.
Genus TRUNCATULINA.
Test free or adherent, rotaliform, the inferior face generally more
convex than the superior; shell- wall coarsely porous ; aperture a curved
slit at or near the superior margin of the inner edge of the final seg-
ment, sometimes with a phialine neck and lip.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 333
TRUNCATULINA LOBATULA Walker and Jacob.
(Plate 7G, fig. 1.)
Planoconvex, the convexity ou tlie inferior face; peripheral margin
rounded; segments rather numerous, only the final convolution visi-
ble below; walls stout and coarsely porous; sutures thickened with
clear shell-substance and more or less limbate near the umbilici;
aperture a long fissure at tbe upper and inner margin of the last
segments. Diameter, from 0.8 to 1.2 mm {^-q to -^^ inch).
Locality. — Bahia, Brazil (station 2760), 1,019 fathoms.
TRUNCATULINA WUELLERSTORFI Schwager.
(Plate 77, fig. 1.)
Outline circular, much compressed, inferior face moderately convex,
superior face flat or slightly concave, peripheral margin sbarp; com-
posed of numerous narrow curved segments arranged in about three
convolutions; walls coarsely porous; aperture regular. Diameter,
about 1.25 mm. (o-q- inch).
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico, North Atlantic, and Panama Bay (sta-
tions 2150, 2370, 2392, 2570, 2565, 2750, 2805), 25 to 2,069 fathoms.
TRUNCATULINA UNGERIANA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 77, fig. 2.)
Nearly equally convex on the two surfaces, peripheral margin thin.
Difiers from T. icucUerHtorJi in that the sujierior face is convex, the
segments shorter and less curved, and the walls less coarsely jwrous.
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico and coast of Brazil (stations 2078, 2393,
2^00, 2700), 109 to 1,019 fathoms.
TRUNCATULINA AKNERIANA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 77, fig. 5.)
Circular, comjiressed, superior surface flat, inferior convex at the
margin, flat toward the center; margin rounded; a more or less deep
aud extended fissure on the superior face between the last convolution
and the preceding one. Section shows the chambers of the last convo-
lution and a portion of the next. Diameter, about 1.25 mm. ( ^V iuch).
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico and coast of Brazil (stations 2377, 2394,
2398, 2760), 210 to 1,019 fathoms.
TRUNCATULINA ROBERTSONIANA Brady.
(Plate 77, fig. 3.)
Superior surface nearly flat, inferior convex, but flattened toward
the center; margin thick and rounded; walls quite transparent, show-
ing clearly the convolutions and the outlines of the numerous seg-
ments; all the convolutions visible on the upper face, on the lower
334 REPORT OP NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
face the final convolution leaves exposed some of the earlier segments;
walls coarsely porous ; color often a more or less deep shade of brown.
Diameter, about 0.7 ram. (-3^ inch).
Localities.— North Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, coast of
Brazil (stations 2568, 2352, 2392, 2394, 2760), 463 to 1,781 fathoms.
TRUNCATULINA TENERA Brady.
(Plate 77, fig. 4.)
Small, discoidal, inferior face the more convex; peripheral margin
acute and slightly lobulated; visible segments on the inferior face six
or seven; convolutions about three of nearly equal width; sutures
slightly depressed, straight and radial; aperture a short curved fissure
with thickened lip, at the inner margin of the final segment. Diame-
ter, about 0.5 mm. {-^j inch).
Locality. — West coast of Patagonia (station 2784), 194 fathoms.
TRUNCATULINA PYGM^EA Hantken.
(Plate 77, fig. 6.)
Very small, slightly convex superiorily, quite convex inferiorily, and
depressed at the center; rounded near the margin, but with a rather
sharp edge; sutures sometimes thickened with clear shell substance.
Diameter, about 0.36 mm. [-^^ inch).
Locality.— Gnlf of Mexico (station 2460), 169 fathoms.
TRUNCATULINA ROSEA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 78, fig. 2.)
Superior face short conical, with rounded apex; inferior face flat or
slightly convex; sutural lines very indistinct; color pink to bright rose
color. Section shows chambers of the last convolution, and the thick
deposit of pink shell substance about the center of the coil. Diameter,
about 0.5 mm. {-^q inch).
Locality. — Kot recorded.
TRUNCATULINA PR^ffiiCINCTA Karrer.
(Plate 78, fig. 1.)
Comparatively large, thick, biconvex, convexity greatest on the
inferior side; margin obtuse; sutures raised by a thick deposit of clear
shell substance, especially on the lower side and near the umbilicus.
Diameter, about 1.5 mm. ( ,V inch).
Localities.— Gn\t of Mexico (stations 2399, 2400), 169 and 196 fathoms.
TRUNCATULINA RETICULATA Czjzek.
(Plate 78, fig. 8.)
Biconvex, the convexity about equal on the two sides; margin thin
and broadly carinate; walls thick, transparent, and rather coarsely
l)erforated along the borders of the segments. The tubuli, in certain
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OP RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 335
aspects, give a fringed appearance to the margins of the segments.
Aperture at the end of a short, oval, tubular neck, with a broad, everted
edge. Diameter, about 0.5 mm. (-ro inch).
Locality. — Gulf of Mexico (station 235li), 463 fathoms.
Genus ANOMALINA.
Characters similar to those of TruncatuUna, except that the two faces
are more nearly alike, the general contour being biconcave or sub-
nautiloid, and the whole more or less evolute.
ANOMALINA AMMONOIDES Reuss.
(Plate 78, lig. 4.)
Symmetrical, about equally convex on the two faces, a little depressed
at the umbilici, margin rounded ; segments numerous, in three or four
convolutions ; sutures thickened with clear shell substance, sometimes
a little raised ; walls rather coarsely perforate ; aperture in the middle
line at the end of the last segment. Section has laid open every cham-
ber of all the convolutions. Diameter, about 0.8 mm. (3V inch).
Locality. — Collected in large numbers off the west coast of Cuba
(station 2352), 463 fathoms.
ANOMALINA GROSSERUGOSA Giimbel.
(Plate 78, fig. 5.)
Less symmetrical than A. ammonoides, superior face more compressed,
segments fewer, and only those of the final convolution, about seven in
number, visible on the inferior face. Diameter, about 1 mm. (t^V inch).
Localities. — Gulf of Mexico and coast of Brazil (stations 2394, 2700),
420 and 1,019 fathoms.
ANOMALINA ARIMINENSIS d'Orbigny,
(Plate 79, fig. 1.)
Very much compressed, thin, margin square, with rounded angles;
some of the earlier segments visible on the inferior face; sutures thick
and sometimes prominent; walls transparent, distinctly showing out-
lines of segments and convolutions. Diameter, about 0.6 mm. ( J^ inch).
Locality. — Caribbean Sea (stations 2150, 2355), 382 and 399 fathoms.
ANOMALINA CORONATA Parker and Jones.
(Plate 79, fig. 2.)
Irregularly biconvex, the under side less convex than the upper, de-
pressed at the center on both sides, often more or less distorted, the
segments of the last convolution rapidly increasing in breadth, forming
an irregular ridge around the border of each face; walls very coarsely
porous. Diameter, about 0.25 mm. (-/o inch).
Locality. — Off coast of Georgia (station 2410), 276 fathoms.
336 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
ANOMALINA POLYMORPHA Costa.
(Plate 79, fig. 3.)
Strongly resembles A. eoronata, but is characterized by the presence
of one or several short,, stout spinous outgrowths, usually from the
periphery of the shell. If but one spine is i^resent, that is generally a
prolongation of the final segment.
Locality. — Collected at the same station as A. coronata.
Genus RUPERTIA.
Test columnar, growing attached by a slightly-spreading base; seg-
ments numerous, spirally arranged; aperture at the iuner margin of
the final segment.
RUPERTIA STABILIS Wallich.
(Plate 79, fig. 4.)
Irregularly flask-shaped, having a moderately -inflated body, a short,
thick neck, and an expanded lip. The lip is formed by the spreading
base by which the shell adheres to some other body. The neck is
formed by about two superimposed convolutions; the body by the
inflated segments of the succeeding convolutions; walls thick and
coarsely i)erforated ; aperture at the inner edge of the final segment.
Length, 1.5 mm. {-^ inch), more or less.
Localities. — North Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico (stations 2530, 2383),
956 and 1,181 fathoms.
Subfamily TIN-OFORIJ^JE.
Test consisting of irregularly-heaped chambers, with a more or less
distinctly spiral primordial portion.
Genus GYPSINA.
Test free or attached, spheroidal or spreading; structure acervuline,
radiating, or laminated; chambers rounded or polyhedral, coarsely
perforated.
GYPSINA INH^RENS Schultze.
(Plate 79, fig. 6.)
Adherent; contour discoidal, more or less distorted according to the
form of the surface to which it was adherent; composed of numerous
subglobular segments irregularly heaped together, except at the very
beginning, where a brief spiral arrangement is perceptible on the under
side; walls coarsely perforated ; no general aperture. Diameter, about
1.25 mm. (27, inch).
Localities. — Off Florida Keys, Straits of Yucatan, and Exuma Sound
(stations 2641, 2358, 2629), 60 to 1,169 fathoms.
DESCRIPTIVE rATALOGFE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 337
Family X. NUMMULTNID^.
Test calcareous and tiuely tubulated; typically free, polytbalauious
and syminotrically spiral. The higher moditlcatious all possessing" a
supplemental skeleton and a caual system of greater or less complexity.
Svabfamily POIiYSTOISrELLINJE.
Test bilaterally symmetrical; nautiloid, lower forms without supple-
mental skeleton or iuterseptal canals; higher types with canals ojjeii-
ing at regular intervals along the external septal depressions.
Genus NONIONINA.
Supiilemental skeleton absent or rudimentary; no external sei)tal
pores or bridges; aperture a simple curved slit.
NONIONINA BOUEANA d'Orbigny.
(Plate 79, tig. 5.)
Oval, compressed, bilaterally symmetrical; composed, of numerous
long, narrow, curved segments coiled in a close flat spiral, the last con-
volution completely inclosing the others; outline smooth; sutures flush;
surl'ace granular about the umbilici, which are depressed; no intersep-
tal pores. Diameter, about O.G mm. (/^ inch).
Locality. — Gulf of Tokyo, 9 fathoms.
NONIONINA SCAPHA Fichtel and Moil.
(Plate 80, fig. 1.)
Oval, compressed, symmetrical, smooth, not granular about the
umbilici; segments comparatively few, increasing rapidly in size; face
of the terminal segment broad and round. Diameter, about 0,4 nun.
(,^0 iuch).
Localities. — Panama Bay, coast of Yucatan, and (lulf of Tokyo
(stations 2805, 2358), 9 to 222 fathoms.
Genus POLYSTOMELLA.
Sup])lemental skeleton, septal bridges, and canal system more or
less fully developed : canals opening externally at the nndiilicus and
by a single or double row of pores along the sutures. Ai)erture a
V-shaped line of perforations at the base of the septal face.
POLYSTOMELLA STRIATOPUNCTATA Fichtel and Moll.
(Plate 80, fig. 2.)
Discoidal, bilaterally symmetrical; final convolution incloses all the
others; margin rounded; walls fiuelj' perforated; septal bridges dis-
tinct; a single row of pores along the sutures. Diameter, about O.G mm.
(/o luch).
NAT MUS 97 22
338 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Localities. — Coast of Yucatan, North Atlantic (stations 2358, 2530,
2614), 10 to 95G fathoms.
POLYSTOMELLA CRISPA Linn^us.
(Plato 80, li<v. r>.)
Lenticular, strongly biconvex, i)eripheral margin angular; sei)tal
pores in a single row, large, and closely set; umbilici filled with clear
shell-substance more or less porous. Diameter, about 0.7 mm. (i-- inch)
Locality. — Not recorded.
Subfamily ISTTTlMlVrTJT^ITIN".^.
Test lenticular or coniplauate; lower forms with tlii(!kened and finely
tubulated shell- wall, but no intermediate skeleton; higher forms with
interseptal skeleton and complex canal system.
Genus AMPHISTEGINA.
Test spiral, lenticular, inequilateral; chambers equitant, the alar pro-
longations on one si<le simple, on tlie other divided by deep constric-
tions so as to form supplementary lobes. Shell- wall thickened near the
umbilicus and finely tubulated, but presenting no true canal system.
AMPHISTEGINA LESSONII d'Orbigny.
(Plate 80, fig. 4.)
Lenticular, somewhat unequally convex on the two sides; margin
angnlar; surface smooth; segments numerous, narrow, bent, simple on
the upper side, but constricted on the inferior side, and sharply bent
backward ; aperture on the under side of the last segment. Diameter,
about 1.5 mm. (-^g- inch).
Localities. — North Atlantic, coast of Yucatan, Gulf of Mexico (sta-
tions 2415, 2029, 2641, 2363, 2370), 9 to 1,169 fathoms.
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOaUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 339
List of 8tatio7is quoted, location, and depth of water.
Station.
Latitude.
Longitude.
Depth. Localitj-.
O 1
o /
Fathoms.
2040
38 35
68 16
2,220 Oir Xantmkct SIiomIs.
2041
39 22
68 25
1,608 Do.
2115
35 49
74 34
843
Off Cape Hatteras.
2117
15 24
63 31
683
Xear Aves Islantl.
2144
9 49
79 31
890
Near A spin wall.
2150
13 34
81 21
382
Xear Old Providence Island.
2171
37 59
73 48
444 Oil' ifarylaiiil.
2204
39 30
71 44
728 Soutli of Block Island.
2212
39 59
70 30
428 South of Marthas Vineyard.
2221
39 05
70 44
1,525 Do. •
2225
36 05
09 51
2,512 Off Korth Carolina.
2228
37 25
73 06
1, 582 Oflf Maryland.
2234
39 09
72 03
810 South of Long Island.
2242
40 15
70 27
58 South of Marthas Vineyard.
2243
40 10
70 26
63 Do.
2251
40 22
69 51
43 Off Xantucket Shoals.
2252
40 28
69 51
38 Do.
2263
37 08
74 33
430 Off Chesapeake Bay.
2264
37 07
74 34
107 Do.
2289
35 22
75 25
7 Off Cape Hatteras.
2312
32 54
77 53
88 Off South Carolina.
2313
32 53
77 53
99 Do.
2315
24 26
81 48
37 , Off Key West, Florida.
2335
23 10
82 20
204 Off Habana, Cuha.
2338
23 10
82 20
189 : Do.
2343
23 11
82 19
279 Do.
2352
22 35
84 23
463 j Off -west coast of Cuba.
2353
20 59
86 23
167 i Arrowsniith Bank, Yucatan
2354
20 59
86 23
130 Do.
2355
20 56
86 27
399 Do.
2358
20 19
87 O:!
222 Off Cozuniel Island, Yucatan.
2363
22 07
87 00
21 Off Cape Catoche, Yucatan.
2370
29 18
85 32
25 Between Delta of Mississippi Iviv
Florida.
■r and Cedar Keys,
2372
29 15
85 29
27
Do.
2374
29 11
85 29
20
Do.
2377
29 07
88 08
210
Do.
2378
29 14
88 09
08
Do.
2379
28 CO
87 42
1,467 1 Do.
2380
28 02
87 43
1,430
Do.
2382
28 19
88 01
1,255
Do.
2383
28 32
88 06
1,181
Do.
2385
28 51
88 18
730
Do.
2392
28 47
87 27
724
Do.
2394
28 38
87 02
420
Do.
2395
28 36
86 50
347
Do.
2308
28 45
86 26
227
Do.
2399
28 44
86 18
190
Do.
2400
28 41
86 07
169
Do.
2415
30 44
79 26
440
Off Georgia.
340 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
List of stations quoted, location, and depth of water — Continued.
Station.
Latitude.
Longitude.
Depth.
Locality.
o
'
-
Fathoms.
2416
31
26
79
07
276
Off Georgia.
2420
37
03
74
31
104
Off Ciiesapeake Bay.
2530
40
53
66
24
956
Southeast of Georges Bank.
2547
39
54
70
20
390
Soutli of Marthas Vineyard.
2550
39
44
70
30
1,081
Bo.
2565
38
19
69
02
2,069
About 220 miles southeast of Marthas Vineyard.
2568
39
15
68
08
1,781
About 200 miles southeast of Marthas Vineyard.
2569
39
26
68
03
1,782
Do.
2570
39
54
07
05
1,813
Southeast of Georges Bank.
2571
40
09
67
09
1,356
Do.
2576
41
15
68
15
18
Georges Bank.
2577
41
17
08
21
32
Do.
2584
39
05
72
23
541
South of Block Island.
2586
39
02
72
40
328
Do.
2614
34
09
76
02
168
Off Cape Lookout.
2616
33
42
77
31
17
Off Cape Fear.
2623
33
38
77
36
15
Do.
2627
32
21
77
07
437
Off Cape Romain.
2629
32
48
75
10
1,169
Mouth of Exuma Sound.
2641
25
11
80
10
60
Off Caryafort Light.
2650
23
34
76
34
369
Soutlieast of Andros Island (Bahamas).
2651
24
02
77
12
97
Do.
2654
27
57
77
27
660
Off Little Bahama I?auk.
2655
27
22
78
07
338
Do.
2660
28
40
78
46
504
Off Capo Canaveral.
2662
29
24
79
43
434
Off St. Augustine.
2663
29
39
79
49
421
Do.
Off Cape Fear.
2677
32
39 >
76
50
478
2679
32
40
76
40
782
Do.
2684
39
35
70
54
1,106
South of Marthas Vineyard.
2716
38
29
70
57
1,631
Do.
2723
36
47
73
09
1,685
Off Chesapeake Bay.
2731
36
45
74
28
781
Do.
2750
18
30
63
31
496
Off Windward Isl.-inds, West Indies.
2751
16
54
63
12
687
Do.
2754
11
40
58
33
880
Off Santa Lucia, West Indies.
2760
S. 12
07
37
17
1,019
Off Bahia, Brazil.
2762
S. 23
08
41
34
59
Off Cape Frio, Brazil.
2763
S. 24
17
42
48
671
Do.
2784
S. 48
41
74
24
194
Between Wellington Island and Patagonia.
2805
S. 7
56
79
41
51
Panama Bay.
2842
N. 54
15
166
03
72
Off Head of Akutan Island, Alaska.
2860
51
23
130
34
876
Off Capo St. Janie.s, Queen Charlotte Islands.
2923
32
40
117
31
822
Off Siin Diego, California.
3080
43
58
124
3ti
93
Off Heceta Bank, Oregon.
3415
1
14
46
98
40
1,879
West coast of Mexico.
I N D E X
Allomorphina
Al veoliua
A 1 vcoliiiinae ■.
Ainiuotliscus
charoidea
gordialin
iuccrtus
tenuis
Anipliicoryne
Aiiii'liimorphiua
Auipliistcgina
lessonii
Auoiualina
animonoides
ariminensis
coronata
grosserugosa
polymorplia
Aphrosina
Archecdiscus
A i-ticulina
sagra
Aschemonella
Assilina
Astrorhiza
aiigulosa
arenaria
crassatina
granulosa
Astrorhizid.'E
Astrorliiziuai
Bathy.siphon
rufus
Bdelloidina
Bifarina
Bigenerina
capreolns
nodosaria
pennatula
robusta
Biloculiua
Imlloides
coiuata
dehiscena
depressa
var. serrata .
elongata
irregularis
ISBvis
ringens
spliiTira
tubulosa
Plate.
Figure.
Page.
2
1
2
1
32
3
31
4
32
2
32
1
•264,
263
263
262
202
278
279
27y
278
279
262
262
,338
338
,335
335
335
335
335
330
204
264
301
301
259
204
265
205
265
265
265
264
205
207
207
200
261
280
280
286
287
286
261
293
294
295
291
294
294
295
295
294
295
293
341
342
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
riate.
Figure.
Bolivina .
ffinanensis.
porrecta . . .
punctata . .
Botelliiia .
Bradj'ina.
Bulimina .
aculeata
afflnis
elegans
intlata ,
pupoides
pyrula
var. spineacens
BuliniininiB
Calcarina
Candeina
nitida
Carpenteria
Carteriua
Cassiduliua
crassa
subglobosa.
Cassiduliniua?
Cbilostomella
ChilostomellidiB
Cbrysalidina
Clavulina
angularis . .
communis .
eocicna
parisien.sis .
var. humilis .
Cornuspira.
foliacea...
involvens.
Criatellaria
aculeata
acutanricularis
articulata
calcar
compressa
crepidula
cultrata
ecbinata
gibba
italica
latifrons
limbata
obtnsata var. eubulata
orbicularis
r eniformis
rotulata
schloenbachi ,
tenuis
variabilis
vortex
66 1
63 i
64 j
66
62 I
63 I
6.5 I
66 !
64 I
63 I
63 j
67 I
61 I
64 I
62 j
64 I
63 I
61
63
65 I
3
5
3
4,5
1
1 I
6 ':
3 ■
i!
4 I
4 I
ll
Page.
261. 291
292
292
292
259
260
261, 290
291
290
290
291
290
290
290
261, 289
263
263, 325
325
263
260
261, 292
292
293
261. 292
263
258, 263
261
261, 288
289
288
289
289
289
262, 303
303
303
262, 314
318
316
317
318
315
316
318
318
317
316
316
318
315
317
315
317
315
315
316
317
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMIXIFERA, 343
Crithionina
hispiila .
Ijisnin..
Cuneoliua...
Cvclaramiua.
caiicellata.
pusilla
Cycloclypeinae
Cycloclypeus
Cynibaloi>ora
pocyi .
Dondropluya
Dentaliuopsis
Uiaplioropodon
Dimorpliina
Discorbina
bertboloti
biconcava
globularis
rosacea . . .
Ehrenbeigia
Ellipsoidiua
Eudotbyra
Endotbyrinti;
Fabularia
Fhibellina
Foraniinifera
Frondicularia
alata
iniequalis.
Fusulina
FusullniuiE
Gaudr3ina
baccata
filiformis
pupoides ..
rugosa
scabra
sipbonella
subrotuiidata..
Globigorina
awxuilateralis
bulloides
conglobata...
digitata
dubia
inllata
rubra
sarculifera ..
Globigerinida3
Gromia
GroDiidsB
Gypsina
Inhffirens
Halipbysema
Uaplopbragmium .
Plate. Figure.
Page.
72
79
32
5
33
2
32
4
33
3
34
1
34
2
33
1
259, 266
267
266
200
260, 282
282
282
264
203, 326
263. 326
326
259
262
258
262
263. 327
327
327
327
327
261
263
260
260
261
262
252, 258
262, 313
313
313
264
264
261, 287
287
287
287
288
288
288
287
263, 321
323
321
322
323
322
322
322
322
!58, 263, 321
258
258
264, 336
336
259
259, 275
344
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Haplophrajruiiiiiu agglutiuans . . . .
calcareum
canarieuse
cassis
oiiiaciatuiii
Ibliaceum
f^lobigeriniforme.
latidorsatum
scitulnm
teniiiniarj;o
Hai)losti(ho
soldanii
Uastifjerina
jielagica
Hauorlna
Haiicriuiufc
ITeterostegina
Hippocrepina ,
Hoiiiio.sina
carpenter! . .
globulif'era
ovicula
llypcraramiua
elongata
friabilis .
ramosa..
va"ans...
liivoliitina
Jaculella . .
acuta . . .
Keramosphara . . .
KeraniosphaTinte .
Lagena
castanea . .
castrensis
distoma —
elongata...
gracillima
hispida
lajvis
longispina
marginata
orbignyana . .
staph yllearia.
sulcata
Lagenidic
Liebcrktilmia .
Lingulina
carinata .
var. seiiiinuda .
Lingulinopsls.
Lituola
Lituolidas
LituoliniB
Loftusia
Plato.
Figure.
54
3
54
5
53
5
53
]
53
4
53
3
53
8
53
6
53
2
54
2
54
4
54
1
53
7
Pago.
275
275
277
275
276
270
277
276
276
275
260, 277
277'
263, 323
324
261
262, 301
264
260
260, 280
280
280
280
259, 269
270
269
270
270
260
259, 269
269
262
262
262, 305
307
308
306
306
306
306
307
306
306
307
308
307
307
258, 262, 305
258
262, 312
312
312
262
260
258, 259, 272
259, 272
260
DESCHIPTIVE CATAL()(;UE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 345
Plate.
Page.
Loftusinaj
Marginulina
ensis . . .
glabra..
Marsipella
elongata.
Mikiogromia
UiliolidiB
Miliolina
agglutinaiis
angularis
aiiboriaua
bicornia
bucculenta
circularis
cuvieraiia
gracilis
insigni.s
labiosa
linDseana
oblonga
pulcbella
reticulata
seminulum
separaus
subrotunda
tricarinata
trigoniila
undosa
valvularis
venusta
Miliolininae
Nodosaria
cateuulata
comata
communis
consobrina Aar. etnaciata.
costulata
farciraen
iiliformis
biapjda
var.sublineata. ..
laivigata
mucronata
obliqua
jjyrula
radicula
rtenieri
rotuudata
simplex
soluta
vertebralis
NodosarinaB
NodosincUa
Uonionina
boueaua
260, 282
262, 313
314
313
259, 270
270
258
258, 261, 293
261, 297
301
300
298
300
299
298
298
297
299
299
300
297
301
301
297
300
299
298
298
300
299
293
261, 293
202, 308
;!12
311
310
310
312
309
310
311
311
308
311
311
309
309
310
308
309
310
312
262, 308
260
264, 337
337
346
KEPOliT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Plate. Figure.
rage.
Nonionina scapha
Nubecularia
Xiibeculariiia'
Nuiumuliuida'
Kummulitos
NummulitiuiD
Operculina
Ophthalmidiuiu
iiiconstaus
Orbii'uliua
aduuca.
Oi-bitoidcs.
Orbitolites.
duplex
marginalis.
tonuissima.
Orlmliiia
I'arkeria.
Patellina .
ravoiiina.
Felosiua
variabilis ,
Peueroplirtinas
Teneroplis
pertusus .
var. (liscoideus .
Filulina .
jeffreysii
Pilulinin*
Placopsilina
Plani.spirina
celata
sigmoidea
I'iaiiorbulina
acervalia
mediterranensis
Pleurostomella
Polyiuori>biiia
communis
compressa
elegantissima
oblouga
soraria var. fistulosa.
n'olym«r])liiniuiB
Polypliragnia
Polystoiiiella
crispa
striatopuDctata
Poly.stoiuelliuii!
Poly trema
Protozoa
PsaiumosphuTa
fiisca
80 ' 1
var. testacea.
258
51
2,3
50
2
51
1
52
337
261
261
264, 337
264
264, 338
264
261, 302
302
262, 304
304
264
262, 304
305
304
305
263, 323
323
260
263
261
259, 265
266
262, 303
262, 303
304
304
259. 266
266
259, 266
260
262, 302
303
302
263, 328
328
328
. 26]
262, 319
319
319
319
319
319
262, 319
260
264, 337
338
337
264, 337
264
258
259. 267
268
268
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAMINIFERA. 347
Psammosphsera parva
PuUeuia
obliquilobulata
quiiKiiieloba
Pulvinulina
auricula
crassa
elegans
karsteni
menardii
var. fiinbriata.
micbeliana
partschiana
pauperata
punctulata
repanda
tuiiiida ,
umbonata
Raniuliua
globullfera
proteiformis
RamuliDincB
Keopbas
adunca
bacillaris
bilocularis
cylindrica
dentaliniformis
difflugiformis
var. testacea
nodulosa
pilulifera ,
scorpiurus
Rhabdammina
abysaorum
cornuta
diacreta
linearis
Rhabdaiuminina?
Rbabdogouium
Rbizanimina
algajformis
indivisa
Rhizopoda
liimulina ,
Rotalia
Plate.
beccarii
orbicularis . .
papillosa
pulcbella
schroeteriana
soklanii
Rotalidaj
Rotaliiiic
Rupertia
stabilis ....
Figure.
Page.
75
2
75
5
76
2
76
3
76
1
75
4
79
268
263, 324
324
324
263, 328
329
329
331
330
329
329
330
331
330
328
328
329
330
263, 321
321
321
263, 321
259, 272
274
274
273
274
274
272
273
274
273
273
259, 271
271
271
271
271
259, 269
262
259, 272
272
272
258
262
263, 331
331
331
332
332
332
332
258, 263, 325
263, 326
203, 336
336
348
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Saccumuiiiia
consociata .
spherica . . .
Saccammiuiiiir!
Sagenella
Sagriiia
Sfbwagcrina . .
Sliephearilella .
Sorosplia^ra
Sphcroidiua ...
biilloides .
deLisceiis
Spirillina .
limbata .
obcouica
vivipara.
Spirillinina}
Spiroloculina
arenana
excavata
limbata
uitida
planulata
robusta
series from biloculina
Spiroplecta .
Scjuamnlina .
Stacbeia
StorthospbaM-a .
albitla .
Syringammiua.
Tecbiiitella
Textularia
agglutinans...
barrettii
carinata
coucava
conica
gramen
luculoiita
quadrilat'jra . .
rugosa
transvcrsaria
troirbus
Textularida3
Text ulariu;»
Thalaiiiopora
Tburauiiiiiua
cariosa
favosa
papillata . . .
Tinoporiua'
Tinoporaa
Tritaxia
Plate. Figure.
43
41
42
41
42
42
42
Trocbainmiiia.
conglobata .
Page.
259, 268
269
269
259, 267
259
262
264
258
259
263. 324
325
325
263, 325
326
326
326
263. 325
261, 295
297
296
296
296
297
296
296
261
261
260
259, 266
266
259
259
260, 283
284
285
284
283
285
284
284
283
284
283
285
258, 260, 283
260, 283
204
260, 278
278
278
278
264, 336
264
261
260, 280
281
DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF RECENT FORAIMrNIFERA. 349
Tnic'lianimiiiii coronata
litiiiforniis
paiicildfulata
proteus
ringens
Trochamminiure
Truucatuliiia
akneriaua
lobatula
prajcincta
pyRmwa
* reticulata
robertsoniana
rosea
tenera
ungeriana
■vruellerstorfi
F vigerina
angulosa
asperula
var. aiupullacea .
pyginaja
tenuistriata
Vaginiilina
legumen
linearis
spinigera
Val viiliiia
conica
Verneuilina
propinqua
pygmipa
Vcrtebralina-
insignis
Virgiilina
schreibersiaua
siibsquaniosa
TVebbina
clavata
Plate.
Pigure.
Page.
281
281
282
281
281
260, 277
263, 302
333
333
334
334
334
333
334
334
333
333
262, 320
320
320
320
320
320
262, 314
314
314
314
261, 286
286
261, 28j
285
285
261, 301
302
261, 291
291
291
260, 279
279
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897 —Flint.
Plate 1.
ASTRORHIZA GRANULOSA Brady. See Page 265
a Longitudinal Section.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 2.
ASTRORHIZA CRASSATINA Brady. See Page 265.
a. Longitudinal Section.
Report of U. S. Nitional Museum, 1897.- Flint.
Plate 3.
Fig. 1. ASTRORHIZA ANGULOSA Brady. See page 265.
a. Section.
Fig. 2. ASTRORHIZA ARENARIA Norman, see page 265.
a. Section.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897. — Flint.
Plate 4.
Fig. 1. PELOSINA VARIABILIS Brady. See Page 266.
Fig. 2. STORTHOSPHAERA ALBIDA SCHULTZE. See Page 266.
Report of U. S- National Museum. 1897— Flint
Plate 5.
PILULINA JEFFREYSII Carpenter, see Pagf. 266.
a. Section.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— rilnt
Plate 6.
Fig. 1. CRITHIONINA PISUM Goes. See paoe 266.
It. b. Sections.
Fig. 2. CRITHIONINA PISUM Goes, var. HISPIDUM, new. See Page 267.
<j, //. Sections.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897— Flint.
Plate 7.
BATHYSIPHON RUFUM DE FOLIN. See Page 267.
a. Longitudinal Section.
Report ofU. S. National Museum, 1897. — Flint.
Plate 8.
Fig. 1. PSAMMOSPHAERA FUSCA Brady. See Page 268.
((, I'. Sections.
Fig. 2. PSAMMOSPHAERA FUSCA Brady, var. TESTACEA, new. See Page 268.
a. Artificial Section. b. Accidental Section.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897. -Flint.
PLATE 9.
Fig. 1. PSAMMOSPH/tRA PARVA M. Sars. See pace 268.
a. Adherent Specimen,
Fig. 2. SACCAMMINA SPHERICA M. Sars. See page 269.
a. Section.
Fig. 3. SACCAMMINA CONSOCIATA new species. See Page 2G9.
a. Adherent to a fragment of shell, b. Detached Specimen.
Fig. 4. JACULELLA ACUTA Brady. See page 269.
^i
Report of U S. National Museum. 1897— Flint
Plate 10.
Fig. 1. HYPERAMMINA FRIABILIS
Fig. 2. HYPERAMMINA ELONGATA
Brady, see page 269.
Brady. See pace 270.
Report of U. S. National Museom, 1897.— Flint.
Plate II
Fig. 1. HYPERAMMINA RAMOSA Brady. See Page 270.
Fig. 2. HYPERAMMINA VAGANS Brady. See page 270.
a. Specimen attached to frag-nent of Shell of Moilus'x.
i. Specimon coiled around fragment of Rhabdammina
Report of U. S. N.itional Museum, 1837.— Flint.
Plate 12.
Fig. 1. MARSIPELLA ELONGATA Norman. See page 270.
Fig. 2. RHABDAMMINA ABYSSORUM M. Sars. See Page 271.
Report ot U. S National Wluseum, 1897 —Flint.
Plate 13.
RHABDAMMINA DISCRETA Brady. See page 271.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 14.
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Fig. 1. RHABDAMMINA LINEARIS Brady. See Page 271.
Fig. 2. RHABDAMMINA CORNUTA Brady. See Page 271.
Report of U. S. Nattonal Museum, 1897 — Plint.
Plate 15.
Fig. 1. RHIZAMMINA ALG/EFORMIS Brady. See page 272.
Fig 2. RHIZAMMINA INDIVISA Brady. See Page 272.
JepoftofU. S. National Museum 1397— Flint.
Plate 16.
Fig. 1. REOPHAX DIFFLUGIFORMIS Brady, var. TESTACEA, new. see page 273.
a. Longitudinal Section.
Fig. 2. REOPHAX DIFFLUGIFORMIS Brady. See Page 272.
Fig. 3. REOPHAX SCORPIURUS Montfort. See Pa&e 273.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897— Plmt.
Plate 17.
Fig. 1. REOPHAX SCORPIURUS Montfort. See Paoe 273.
Fig. 2. REOPHAX BILOCULARIS new species. See Page 273.
,1 . /'. LongituHinal Sectiors,
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 18.
Fig. 1. REOPHAX PILULIFERA Brady. See page 273.
Fig. 2. REOPHAX DENTALINIFORMIS Brady. See Page 274.
Fig. 3. REOPHAX BACILlARIS Brady. See page 274.
Fig. 4. REOPHAX NODULOSA Brady. See page 274.
<;. Long^tudiral Section.
Fig. 5. REOPHAX ADUNCA Brady. See page 274.
Fig. 6. REOPHAX CYLINDRICA Brady. See Page 274.
\
Report of U. S. National Muse
Plate 19,
Fig. 1. HAPLOPHRAGMIUM CALCAREUM Brady. See Page 275.
a. Longitudinal Section.
Fig. 2. HAPLOPHRAGMIUM AGGLUTINANS Brady. See Page 275.
Fig. 3. HAPLOPHRAGMIUM TENUIMARGO Brady, see page 275.
Fig. 4. HAPLOPHRAGMIUM CASSIS Parker, see page 275.
Fig. 5. HAPLOPHRAGMIUM EMACIATUM Brady. See page 276.
Fig. 6. HAPLOPHRAGMIUM FOLIACEUM Brady. See Page 276.
Reportof U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 20.
Fig. 1. HAPLOPHRAGRMIUM LATIDORSATUM Bornemann. See Page 276.
It. Section.
Fig. 2. HAPLOPHRAGRMIUM SCITULUM Brady. See page 276.
n. Section.
Fig. 3. HAPLOPHRAGRMIUM CANARIENSE d'Orbigny. See paoe 277.
Report of U. S National Museum, 1897.— Flint
Plate 21.
Fig. 1. HAPLOPHRAGMIUM GLOBIGERINIFORME Parker & Jones. See Page 277.
Fig. 2. THURAMMINA FAVOSA new species. See page 278.
a. Secicn.
Fig. 3. HAPLOSTICHE SOLDANII Jones & Parker. See Page 277.
a. Longitudinal Section.
Report of U S. National Museum, IS97 —Flint.
Plate 22.
Fig. 1. THURAMMINA PAPILLATA Brady. See Page 278.
a. Accidental Section.
Fig. 2. THURAMMINA CARIOSA new species. See page 278.
a. Section.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 23.
Fig. 1. AMMODISCUS TENUIS Brady. See Page 279.
Fig. 2. AMMODISCUS INCERTUS d'Orbigny. See i^age 278.
a. Sec-.ior,
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 24.
# @
2
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Fig. 1. AMMODISCUS GORDIALIS Jones & Parker. -See page 279.
Fig. 2. AMMODISCUS CHAROIDES Jones & Parker. See Page 279-
Fig. 3. WEBBINA CLAVATA Jones & Parker. See Page 279.
a. Detached Specimen showing adherent face.
Fig. 4. HORMOSINA GLOBULIFERA Brady. See Page 280.
a. Longitudinal Section.
Report of U. S, National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 25.
Fig. 1. HORMOSINA CARPENTERI Brady. See Pace 280.
((. Longitudinal Section.
Fig. 2. HORMOSINA OVICULA Brady, see Pa&e 280.
Fig. 3. TROCHAMMINA PROTEUS Karrer. See Paqe 281.
Report of U S. National Museum. 1897.- Flint
Plate 26.
Fig. 1. TROCHAMMINA LITUIFORMIS Brady. See Page 281.
Fig. 2. TROCHAMMINA CONGIOBATA Brady. See Page 281.
Fig. 3. TROCHAMMINA CORONATA Brady. See Page 231.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint
Plate 27.
Fig. 1. TROCHAMMINA RINGENS Brady. See page 231.
Fig. 2. TROCHAMMINA PAUCILOCULATA Brady, see pace 282.
Fig. 3. CYCLAMMINA CANCELLATA Brady. See Page 282.
ii. Section.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.- Flint
TLA I t Z.O
Fig. 1. CYCLAMMINA CANCELLATA Brady, small and smooth variety. See Page 282.
a. Seciicn.
Fig. 2. CYCLAMMINA PUSILLA Brady. See Page 282.
,(. S<'ct'on.
Fig. 3. TEXTULARIA QUADRILATERA SCHWAGER. See page 283.
Fig. 4. TEXTULARIA TRANSVERSARIA Brady. See Page 283.
Fig. 5. TEXTULARIA CONCAVA Karrer. See page 283.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 29.
■
■
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I^H
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s\
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Fig. 1. TEXTULARIA CARINATA d'Orbigny. See page 284.
Fig. 2. TEXTULARIA RUGOSA REUSS. See Page 284.
Fig. 3. TEXTULARIA LUCULENTA Brady. See Page 284.
Fig. 4. TEXTULARIA AGGLUTINANS D'Orbigny. See page 2S4.
Fig. 5. TEXTULARIA GRAMEN D'Orbigny. See page 284.
Fig. 6. TEXTULARIA CONICA D'Orbigny. See page 285.
Report ofU. S. National Museum, 1897. — Flint.
Plate 30
Fig. 1. TEXTULARIA TROCHUS d'Orbigny. See Page 285.
a. Longitudinal Sectlon-
FiG. 2. TEXTULARIA BARRETTII Jones & Parker. See Page 285.
a. Longitudinal Section.
Report of U, S, National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 31
Fig. 1. VERNEUILINA PYGM/EA EgGER. See Page 285.
Fig. 2. VERNEUILINA PROPINQUA Brady. See page 285.
Fig. 3. VALVULINA CONICA Parker & Jones. See page 286.
Fig. 4. BIGENERINA NODOSARIA D'Orbigny. see Page 286.
ti. Longitudinal Section.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897— Flint.
Plate 32.
Fig. 1. BIGENERINA ROBUSTA Brady. See Page 286.
Fig. 2. BIGENERINA PENNATULA BaTSCH. See Page 287.
Fig. 3. BIGENERINA CAPREOLUS D'ORBIGNY. See Page 286.
Fig. 4. GAUDRYINA PUPOIDES d'Orbigny. see page 287.
Fig. 5. GAUDRYINA BACCATA Schwager. See page 287.
Report of U. S. National Museom, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 33.
Fig. 1. GAUDRYINA SUBROTUNDATA SCHWAGER. See Page 287.
Fig. 2. GAUDRYINA FILIFORMIS Berthelin. See page 287.
Fig. 3. GAUDRYINA RUGOSA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 288.
a. Longitudinal Section.
Report of U, S, Nat'onal Museum, 1897 —Flint
PLATE 34.
Fig. 1. GAUDRYINA SCABRA Brady. See page 288.
Fig. 2. GAUDRYINA SiPHONELLA Reuss. See Page 288.
Fig. 3. CLAVULINA COMMUNIS d-Orbigny. see Page 288.
.1, /'. Longitudinal Sections,
eport of U. S. National Museum, 1897.- Flint
Plate 35.
Fig. 1. CLAVULINA EOC/ENA GUMBEL. See Page 289.
((. Transverse Section.
Fig. 2. CLAVULINA PARISIENSIS D'Orbigny. See page 289.
Fig. 3. CLAVULINA PARISIENSIS D'Orbigny. (Var coarse Coral Sand. I See Page 289.
ii. Longitudinal Section.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897— Flint.
Plate 36.
Fig. 1. CLAVULINA PARISIENSIS D'Orbigny, var. HUMILIS Brady.
Fig. 2. CLAVULINA ANGULARIS d'Orbigny. See page 289.
Fig. 3. BULIMINA ELEGANS D'ORBIGNY. See Page 290.
Fig. 4. BULIMINA PYRULA D'ORBIGNY. see Page 290.
Fig. 5. BULIMINA PYRULA D'Orbigny. i by transmitted light. i
See Page 289.
Repo't of U. S. National Museum, IS97 — Flini
Plate 37.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1
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i ^■k.^^^^^b
Fig. 1. BULIMINA PYRULA, var. SPINESCENS Brady. See Page 290.
Fig. 2. BULIMINA AFFINIS d'Orbigny. See Page 290.
Fig. 3. BULIMINA PUPOIDES D'Orbigny. See Page 290.
Fig. 4. BULIMINA ACULEATA D'Orbigny. See page 291.
Fig. 5. BULIMINA INFLATA Seguenza. see Page 291.
Fig. 6. VIRGULINA SCHREIBERSIANA CZJZEK. See page 291.
Fig. 7. VIRGULINA SUBSQUAMOSA Egger. See Page 291.
Fig. 8. BOLIVINA >ENARIENSIS Costa. See Page 292.
Report of U, S. National Museum, 1897— Film.
Plate 38.
Fig. 1. BOLIViNA PUNCTATA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 292.
Fig. 2. BOLIVINA PORRECTA Brady. See Page 292.
Fig. 3. CASSlDULINA CRASSA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 292.
Fig. 4. CASSlDULINA SU3GL0B0SA Brady. See Pace 233.
Fig. 5. BILOCULINA BULLOIDES D'ORBIGNY. See Page 293.
<i. Transverse Section.
Report of U. S. National Museum 1897.— Flint.
Plate 39.
Fig. 1. BILOCULINA TUBULOSA Costa. See Page 293.
Fig. 2. BILOCULINA RINGENS Lamarck. See page 294.
a. Transverse Section.
Fig. 3. BILOCULINA COMATA Brady. See Page 294.
Fig. 4. BILOCULINA ELONGATA Ehrenberg. See Page 294.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 40.
Fig. 1. BILOCULINA DEPRESSA D'Orbigny. See Page 294.
a. Transverse Section.
Fig. 2. BILOCULINA DEPRESSA, var. SERRATA Brady. See Page 294.
a. Transverse Section.
Fig. 3. BILOCULINA DEHISCENS NEW SPECIES. See Page 295.
i
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 41.
^^^^^^^f^ ^1
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FlG. 1. BILOCULINA L>£VIS DEFRANCE. See Page 295.
Fig. 2. BILOCULINA SPH/tRA d'Obrigny. See page 295.
a. Section.
Fig. 3. BILOCULINA IRREGULARIS d'Orbigny. See page 295.
Fig. 4. SPIROLOCULINA NITIDA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 296.
Fig. 5. SPIROLOCULINA EXCAVATA D'Orbigny. see page 296.
Report of U. 5. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 42.
Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig.
Fig.
SPIROLOCULINA ROBUSTA Brady. See page 296.
a. Horizontal Section. //. Transverse Section.
SPIROLOCULINA ROBUSTA Brady, (transition stages from biloculina compress/>
See Page 296.
SPIROLOCULINA LIMBATA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 296.
SPIROLOCULINA PLANULATA Lamarck. See Page 297.
Report of U. S. National Museom, 1897
Plate 43.
Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
SPIROLOCULINA ARENARIA Brady. See page 297.
MILIOLINA SEMINULUM LinN/EUS. See page 297.
MILIOLINA 03L0NGA Montagu. See Page 297.
MILIOLINA CUVIERANA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 298.
MILIOLINA GRACILIS D'Orbigny. See page 297.
MILIOLINA AUBERIANA d-Orbigny. see page 298.
u. Transverse Section.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897. — Flint.
Plate 44.
Fig. 1. MILIOLINA CIRCULARIS Bornemann. See page 298.
Fig. 2. MILIOLINA VENUSTA Karrer. see Page 298.
Fig. 3. MILIOLINA TRIGONULA Lamarck, see Page 298.
a. Transverse Sec*ion.
Fig. 4. MILIOLINA TRICARINATA d'Orbigny. See page 298.
Fig. 5. MILIOLINA VALVULARIS REUSS. See Page 299.
Fig. 6. MILIOLINA SUBROTUNDA Montagu. See page 299.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897. Flint.
Plate 45.
Fig. 1. MILIOLiNA BUCCULENTA Brady. See Page 299.
Fig. 2. MILIOLINA INSIGNIS Brady. See page 299.
a. Transverse Section.
Fig. 3. MILIOLINA LABIOSA D'Orbigny. see page 299.
Fig. 4. MILIOLINA UNDOSA KARRER. See Page 300.
ReportofU.S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 46.
Fig. 1. MILIOLINA ANGULARIS new species. See page 30o.
Fig. 2. MILIOLiNA BICORNIS Walker & Jacob. See page 30o.
Fig. 3. MILIOLINA LINNAEANA D'Orbigny. See page 300.
Fig. 4. MILIOLINA PULCHELLA D'Orbigny. See Page 30i.
Fig. 5. MILIOLINA RETICULATA D'Orbigny. See page 30i.
Fig. 6. MILIOLINA SEPARANS Brady. See page 30o.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 47.
Fig. 1. ARTICULINA SAGRA d'Orbigny. See page 3oi.
Fig. 2. MILIOLINA AGGLUTINANS D'Orbigny. See page 301.
Fig. 3. OPHTHALMIDIUM INCONSTANS Brady. See Page 3C2.
Fig. 4. VERTEBRALINA INSIGNIS Brady. See page 302.
Fig. 5. PLANISPIRINA CELATA Costa. Sfe page 303.
a. Transverse Section,
Fig. 6. PLANISPIRINA SiGMOIDEA Brady. See page 302.
ij. Transverse Section,
Report of U. S. National Museuiv, 1897.- Flint.
Plate 48.
Fig. 1. CORNUSPIRA FOLIACEA PHILIPPI. See Page 303.
Fig. 2. CORNUSPIRA CARINATA Costa. See page 303.
Fig. 3. CORNUSPIRA INVOLVENS Reuss. See Page 303.
Fig. 4. PENEROPLIS PERTUSUS Forskal. See page 304.
a. Horizontal Section,
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flinl.
Plate 49.
Fig. 1. PENEROPLIS PERTUSUS Forskal, var. DISCOIDEUS, new. See Page 304.
a. Incomplete Section
Fig. 2. PENEROPLIS PERTUSUS Forskal. i by transmitted light.) See Page 304.
Report of U S. National Museum, 1897. — Flint.
Plate 50.
Fig. 1. ORBICULINA ADUNCA Fichtel & Moll. See Page 304.
Fig. 2. ORBITOLITES MARGINALIS Lamarck. See Page 304.
Report of U. S. National Muteum. 1897.— Flint.
Plate 51
-^"iiiS?!;
Fig. 1. ORBITOLITES MARGINALIS Lamarck. > by transmitted light. > See Page 304.
ii. Section.
Fig. 2. ORBITOLITES DUPLEX Carpenter. See page 305.
a, t. Sections.
Fig. 3. ORBITOLITES DUPLEX Carpenter, (by transmitted light. >
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1397— Flint
Plate 52.
^^^aliSiiil&
'■W/JflJnnfSV'
ORBITOLITES TENUISSIMA Carpenter, i by transiviitted light, i
See Page 305.
The shaded portion of the figure is occupied in the specinnen by the protoplasn-.ic body of the animal
Repo't of U, S. National Museum, 1897— Flint
Plate 53.
Fig.
1.
LAGENA
Fig.
2.
LAGENA
FlG.
3.
LAGENA
Fig.
4.
LAGENA
Fig.
5.
LAGENA
Fig.
6.
LAGENA
Fig.
7.
LAGENA
Fig.
8.
LAGENA
ELONGATA EHRENBERG. See Page 306.
LONGISPINA Brady. See page 306.
GRACILLIMA SEGUENZA. See Page 306.
GLOBOSA Montagu. See page sob.
DISTOMA Parker & Jones. See page soe.
LAEVIS Montagu, see page 306.
SULCATA Walker & Jacob. See page 307.
HISPIDA ReUSS. See Page 307.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint,
Plate 54.
Fig. 1. LAGENA STAPHYLLEARIA SCHWAGER. See Page 307.
Fig. 2. LAGENA MARGINATA Walker & Boys. See page 307.
Fig. 3. LAGENA CASTANEA new species. See page 307.
Fig. 4. LAGENA ORBIGNYANA Seguenza. See Page 308.
Fig. 5. LAGENA CASTRENSIS Schwager. See page 308.
Fig. 6. NODOSARIA ROTUNDATA Reuss. See page 308.
Report of U. S National Museum, 1897.- Flint.
Plate 55.
hIv'^
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■
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imf
j^H
^H ■ »
Wa
^^H
^^H '- V ' *
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V ^
LiV
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a\
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Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
NODOSARIA RADiCULA Linn/eus. See page 309.
NODOSARIA SIMPLEX SYLVESTRI. See Page 309.
NODOSARIA L/EVIGATA NiLSSON. See Page 308.
NODOSARIA PYRULA D'OREIGNY. See page 309.
NODOSARIA FARCIMEN SoLDANI. See Page 309.
NODOSARIA FILIFORMIS D'ORBIGNY. See Page 310.
Report o' U. S National Muse'jrr., 1897 — Flint.
Plate 56.
Fig. 1. NODOSARiA CONSOBRINA D'Orbigny, var. EMACIATA Reuss. See page 3io.
Fig. 2. NODOSARIA COMMUNIS D'Orbigny. See paoe 310.
Fig. 3. NODOSARIA SOLUTA Bornemann. See page 31o.
Fig. 4. NODOSARIA HISPIDA D'Orbigny, var. SU3LINEATA Brady. See Pace 31i.
Fig. 5. NODOSARIA ROEMERI Neugeboren. see pace 310.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897— Flint,
Plate 57.
m^m 1
Hil 1
]
1
Fig. 1. NODOSARIA HISPIDA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 311.
Fig. 2. NODOSARIA MUCRONATA Neugeboren. see page 311.
Fig. 3. NODOSARIA COMATA BATSCH. See Page 311.
Fig. 4. NODOSARIA OBLIQUA Linn/eus. see page 311.
it. Longitudinal Section.
Fig. 5. NODOSARIA VERTEBRALIS Batsch. See Page 312.
Rsport j' 'J S. National Musejrn, '897,— Flint
Plate 58.
iH
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H(|jl
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Fig. 1. NODOSARIA COSTULATA Reuss. See Page 312.
Fig. 2. NODOSARIA CATENULATA Brady. See Page 312.
Fig. 3. LINGULINA CARINATA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 312.
Fig. 4. LINGULINA CARINATA d'Orbigny, var. SEMINUDA Hantken. See Page 312.
It. Longitudinal Section.
Report of U. S, National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 59.
Fig. 1. FRONDICULARIA ALATA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 313.
Fig. 2. FRONDICULARIA IN/£QUALIS Costa. See page sis.
Fig. 3. MARGINULINA ENSIS Reuss. See Pa&e 314.
Report of U. S. Nation-il Museum, 1897.-
Plate 60.
Fig. 1. MARGINULINA GLABRA D'Orbigny. See page'313.
It. LongHudinal Section
Fig. 2. VAGINULINA LEGUMEN Linn^us. See page 314.
Fig. 3. VAGINULINA SPiNIGERA Brady. See page 314.
L
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 61.
L
Fig. 1. VAGINULINA LINEARIS Montagu. See Pace 314.
Fig. 2. CRISTELLARIA TENUIS BORNEMANN. See Page 315.
Fig. 3. CRISTELLARIA 08TUSATA Reuss, var. SUBALATA
Brady. See page 315.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.- Flint.
Plate 62.
Fig. 1. CRISTELLARIA COMPRESSA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 315.
Fig. 2. CRISTELLARIA RENIFORMIS D'ORBIGNY. See Page 31 5.
Report o<U. S National Museum. 1897.— Flint.
Plate 63.
Fig. 1. CRISTELLARIA VARIABILIS Reuss. See Page 316.
Fig. 2. CRISTELLARIA CREPIDULA Fichtel & Moll. See Page 316.
Fig. 3. CRISTELLARIA LATIFRONS Brady. See Page 31 6.
Fig. 4. CRISTELLARIA SCHLOENBACHI Reuss. See Page 31 5.
Fig. 5. CRISTELLARIA ACUTAURICULARIS Fichtel & Moll. See pace 316
Fig. 6. CRISTELLARIA ITALICA Defrance. See page 316.
Report of U. S. National Museum 1897.— Flint
Plate 64.
Fig. 1. CRISTELLARIA GIBBA D'Orbigny. See page 317.
Fig. 2. CRISTELLARIA ARTICULATA Reuss. See Page 317.
Fig. 3. CRISTELLARIA ORBICULARIS D'Orbigny. See page 317.
Fig. 4. CRISTELLARIA ROTULATA Lamarck. See Page 31 7.
a. Horizontal Section.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897— Flint.
Plate 65.
Fig. 1. CRISTELLARIA VORTEX Fichtel & Moll. Sfe page 317.
Fig. 2. CRISTELLARIA CULTRATA MONTFORT See Page 318.
a. Horizontal Section.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.- Flirt.
Plate 66.
Fig. 1. CRISTELLARIA CALCAR Linn/eus. See Page 31s.
Fig. 2. CRISTELLARIA ECHINATA D'Orbigny. see page 318.
Fig. 3. CRISTELLARIA ACULEATA d'Orbigny. see Page 318.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 67.
Fig.
1.
Fig.
2.
Fig.
3.
Fig.
4.
Fig.
5.
Fig.
6.
CRISTELLARIA LIMBATA new species. See Page 318.
POLYMORPHINA SORARIA ReuSS. See Page 319.
POLYMORPHINA COMPRESSA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 319.
a. Section.
POLYMORPHINA ELEGANTISSIMA Parker & Jones. See page 319.
POLYMORPHINA OBLONGA d'Orbigny. See page 319.
POLYMORPHINA COMMUNIS D'Orbigny. See Page 3i 9.
M\n
Report ofU. S. National Museum. 1897.— Fl
Plate
k
Fig. 1. UVIGERINA TENUISTRIATA Reuss. See page 320.
Fig. 2. UVIGERINA PYGM/EA d-Orbigny. See page 320.
Fig. 3. UVIGERINA ANGULOSA Williamson. See Pace 320.
Fig. 4. UVIGERINA ASPERULA CZJZEK. See Page 320.
Fig. 5. UVIGERINA ASPERULA Czjzek, var. AMPULLACEA Brady. See Page 320.
Fig. 6. RAMULINA GLOBULIFERA Brady. See Page 321.
Fig. 7. RAMULINA PROTEIFORMIS new species. See Page 321.
i H
Report of U. S. National Museum 1897.— Flint.
Plate 69.
Fig. 1. ORBULINA UNIVERSA D'ORBIGNY. See Pace 323.
a. Accidental Section.
Fig. 2. GLOBIGERINA BULLOIDES D'Orbigny. See page 321.
Fig. 3. GLOBIGERINA INFLATA d'Orbigny. See Page 322.
Fig. 4. GLOBIGERINA DUBIA Egger. See Page 322.
Fig. 5. GLOBIGERINA RUBRA d'Orbigny. See Page 322.
Fig. 6. GLOBIGERINA CONGLOBATA Brady. See Page 322.
Report of U. S. National Museum, IS97. — Flint.
Plate 70.
Fig. 1. GLOBIGERINA SACCULIFEPA Brady. Ste Page 322.
Fig. 2. GLOBIGERINA DIGITATA Brady. See Pace 323.
Fig. 3. GLOBIGERINA /EQUILATERAlIS Brady. See Page 323.
Fig. 4. HASTIGERINA PELAGICA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 324.
Fig. 5. PJLLENIA QUINQUELOBA Reuss. See pace 324.
Fig. 6. PULLENIA OBLIQUILOCULATA Parker & Jones. See page 324.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 71.
Fig. 1. SPH/tROIDINA BULLOIDES D'Orbigny. See page 325.
Fig. 2. SPH/EROIDINA DEHISCENS Parker & Jones. See Page 325.
Fig. 3. CANDEINA NITIDA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 325.
Fig. 4. SPIRILLINA VIVIPARA EhRENBERG. See Page 326.
Fig. 5. SPIRILLINA LIMBATA Brady. See Page 326.
Fig. 6. SPIRILLINA OBCONICA Brady, see page 326.
Report ofU. S. National Museum, 1897. — Flint.
Plate 72.
Fig. 1. CYMBALOPORA POEYI D'Orbigny. See pace 326.
Fig. 2. DISCORBINA GLOBULARIS Karrer. See Page 327.
Fig. 3. DISCORBINA ROSACEA d'Orbigny. See page 327.
Fig. 4. DISCORBINA BERTHELOTI D'Orbigny. See page 327.
Fig. 5. DISCORBINA BICONCAVA Jones & Parker. See Page 327.
Fig. 6. PLANORBULINA MEDITERRANENSIS D'ORBIGNY. See Page 328.
Fig. 7. PLANORBULINA ACERVALIS Brady. See page 328.
Fig. 8. PULVINULINA REPANDA Fichtel & Moll. See page 328.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate 73.
Fig. 1. PULVINULINA PUNCTULATA D'ORBIGNY. See Pace 328.
Fig. 2. PULVINULINA AURICULA Fichtel & Moll. See page 329.
Fig. 3. PULVINULINA MENARDII d'Orbigny. See page 329.
Fig. 4. PULVINULINA MENARDII d'Orbigny, var. FIMBRIATA Brady.
Fig. 5. PULVINULINA TUMIDA Brady. See Page 329.
See Page 329.
Repcn of U S. National Museum, 18^7 - Flini.
Plate 74.
m.^
® s
Fig. 1. PULVINULiNA CRASSA D'ORBIGNY. See Page c29.
(/. Transverse Section.
Fig. 2. PULVINULINA MICHELIANA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 330.
a. Partial Section
Fig. 3. PULVINULINA PAUPERATA Parker & Jones. See page 330.
Fig. 4. PULVINULINA UMBONATA Reuss. See Page 330.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint
Plate 75.
^^^K.i -
^^^J^^^l
W^^
jl^^^^B
^^^^BSB^M
1^^^ ' ^^^^^B
^^^^^^
^wS^i^^^K ■
1^
^Vi^UI^*^:^
Fig. 1. PULVINULINA ELEGANS D'ORBIGNY. See Page 331.
Fig. 2. ROTALIA BECCARII LiNN/EUS. See Page 331.
Fig. 3. PULVINULINA PARTSCHIANA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 331.
Fig. 4. ROTALIA SOLDANII D'ORBIGNY. See Page 332.
Fig. 5. ROTALIA ORBICULARIS d-Orbigny. See page 331.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897. — Flint.
Plate 76.
Fig. 1. ROTALIA SCHROETERIANA Parker & Jones. See Page 332.
a. Horizontal Section.
Fig. 2. ROTALIA PAPULOSA d'Orbigny. See page 332.
Fig. 3. ROTALIA PULCHELLA D'Orbigny. See page 332.
Fig. 4. TRUNCATULINA LOBATULA Walker & Jacob, see page 333.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897
PLATE 77.
Fig. 1. TRUNCATULINA WUELLERSTORFl SCHWAGER. See page 333.
F.G. 2. TRUNCATULINA UNGERIANA D'Orbigny. See Page 333.
Fig. 3. TRUNCATULINA ROBERTSONIANA Brady. Sef Page 333.
Fig. 4. TRUNCATULINA TENERA Brady. See page 334.
Fig. 5. TRUNCATULINA AKNERIANA D'Orbigny. See Page" 333.
,(. Horizontal Section
Fig. 6. TRUNCATULINA PYGM/EA HANTKEN. See Page 334.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.- Flint
Plate 78.
Fig. 1. TRUNCATULINA PRxECINCTA Karrer. See Page 334.
Fig. 2. TRUNCATULINA ROSEA d'Orbigny. See page 334.
Flo. 3. TRUNCATULINA RETICULATA CZJZEK. See Page 334.
Fig. 4. ANOMALINA AMMONOIDES REUSS. See Page 335.
a. Horizontal Section.
Fig. 5. ANOMALINA GROSSERUGOSA Gumbel. See Pace 335.
Report of U. S National Museum, !897.— Flint.
Plate 79.
Fig. 1. ANOMALINA ARIMINENSIS D'ORBIGNY. See Page 335.
Fig. 2. ANOMALINA CORONATA Parker & Jones. See Page 335.
Fig. 3. ANOMALINA POLYMORPHA Costa. See Page 336.
Fig. 4. RUPERTIA STABILIS WALLICH. See Page 336.
Fig. 5. NONIONINA BOUEANA D'ORBIGNY. See Page 337.
Fig. 6. GYPSINA INHAERENS SCHULTZE. See Page 336.
Report of U. S. National Museum, 1897.— Flint.
Plate
n
3|
^^^^^^^^J^^^
-' ^^m -r^H
^^^HL . .^^1
^^^^^fl
.^^^^^^^^H
^H
^^^^^L?* ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1
Fig. 1. NONIONINA SCAPHA FiCHTEL & Moll. See Page 337.
Fig. 2. POLYSTOMELLA STRIATOPUNCTATA Fichtel & Moll. See Page 337.
Fig. 3. POLYSTOMELLA CRISPA LinN/EUS. See Page 338.
Fig. 4. AMPHISTEGINA LESSONII D'ORBIGNY. See Page 338.
a. Horizontal Section. />. Perpendicular Section.
PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS OF THE AMERICAN
ABORIGINES, BASED ON MATERIAL IN
THE U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM.
JOSEPH T). Mf GUIKE,
Elli<'ott Cifi/, Mari/hnid.
"!^1
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
FRONTISPIECE.
Facing page.
A Smoking P"'nnotion 361
TEXT FIGURES.
Paga
1. A tobacco pipe 365
2. SnufBng tube 365
3. Mexican smoking 372
4. Mexican smoldng 374
5. Mexican holding pipe 374
6. 7. Ancient Pueblo pottery pipes 378
8. Ancient ornamental Pueblo pottery pipe 379
9, 10. Pueblo pottery pipes 379
11. Pueblo pottery pipe 380
12. Ancient clay pipe 381
13. Tubular implement, jirobably pipe - - - 382
14. Copper tube 383
15. Bone pipe 384
16. Comanche bone pipe S84
17. Ancient stone tubular pipe 385
18. Stone tube with bone mouthpiecf 386
19. Unfinished tubular stone pipi- 387
20. Tubular pipe of soft, indurated clay 388
21. Sandstone tube 3^8
21. Pottery tube pipe 389
23. Tube and cup-shaped implement 390
24. Red pottery tube and bowl pipe 390
25. Tubular wood pipe 392
26. Wood pipe 392
27. All-wood pipe 392
28. Sandstone tubular pipe 393
29. Steatite tubular pipe 393
30. Tubular wood pipe 393
31. Root-plaited tobacco bag 394
32. 33. Wood and stone pipes 394
34-36. Wood and stone pipes 395
37. Wood and stone pipe 396
38. Concretion stone 396
39. Stone hourglass tube 397
40. Hourglass tubular pipe 399
41. Tubular stone pipe 400
42. ilexican pottery pipe 407
43. Glossy pottery pipe 408
44. Hard-burned pottery pipe 409
355
356 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Paee.
45. Floridian smoking 415
46. Pii)e bowl of volcanic tuff" 424
47. Stouo bowl pipe 425
48. Ovoid stone bowl 425
49. Stouo urn-shaped bowl 426
50. Stone bowl with thong' hole 426
51. Unfinished pipe •. 427
52. Vase-shaped pipe 428
53. Rectangular stone pipe 429
54. Animal pipe 429
55, 56. Animal head pipes 430
57. Human head pipe 431
58. Bird pipe 431
59. 60. Bird pipes 432
61. Swan pipe 433
62. Pottery pipe 433
63. Antler pipe 434
64. Fossil pipe 434
65. Stone bird pipe 438
66. Stone pigeon pipe 439
67. Stone wood duck pipe 439
68. Animal head stone pipe 440
69. Human hand and arm 441
70. Bird with human head 442
71-73. Iron, bronze, and clay pipes 452
74. Dutch form of clay trade pip<- ". 453
75. English form of trade pipe 453
76. English type of clay pipe 454
77. Pottery trade pipe 1 454
78. Steatite trade pipe 454
79. Stone pipe 455
80. Type of stcme trade pipe 455
81. Italian type of clay jtipc! 456
82. Modern clay pipe 456
83. Brazed iron pipe 45!)
84. Stone pipe 460
85. English type of tomahawk pii)e 465
86. Tomahawk pipe 465
87. French type of tomahawk pipe 466
88. Spanish type of tomahawk pipe 467
89. Monitor pipe 469
90,91. Monitor pipes 470
92. Flat-base monitor pipe 147
93. ^Monitor pii)e 471
94. Broad-based monitor pipe 472
95. 96. Curved-base monitor pipes - 472
97. Pottery monitor pipe 473
98. Type of monitor pipe 473
99. Type of monitor pipe 474
100, 101. Rectangular pipes 475
102. Micmac pipe 480
103. Micmac pipe 481
104. Ornamented Micmac pipe 482
105. Bird's head Micmac pipe 484
106. Totemic Micmac pipe 485
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 357
I'age.
107. Catliuite pipe 486
108. Pipe with haudle 486
109. Disk pipe of limestone 487
110. Disk pipe of oolitic liinestoue 488
111. Pottery pipe 493
112. Trumpet pipe 493
113. Iioi]uoian pottery pipe 494
114. Iroquoiau pottery ])igeou pipe 495
115. Iroquoiau pottery crow pipe 495
116. Iroquois escutcheon pottery pipe 497
117. Iroquois pipe of stalagmite 498
118. Iroquois pottery pipe 499
119. Iroquois pottery pipe 500
120. Iroquois pottery pipe 501
121. Stoue bird pipe 502
122. Stoue bird pipe 503
123. Calumet 505
124. Calumet dance 506
125. Wampum belt 507
126, 127. Mound pipes 514
128. Mound snake pipe 518
129. Mound frog pipe 518
130. Mound turtle pipe 519
131. Mound Indian l)ead pipe 519
132. Mound raccoon pipe 520
133. Mound pipe 520
134. Mound bird pipe 521
135. Mound eagle pipe 521
136. Mound elephant pipe 523
137. Straight-base mound pipe 527
138. Double conoidal pipe 528
139. Double conoidal pipe 529
140, 141. Double conical pipes .530
142, 143. Double conical pipes 531
144,145. Double conical pipes 532
146, 147. Biconical pipes 533
148. Modern pottery mound pipe 534
149. Biconical pipe 534
150. Biconical pottery pipe 535
151. Pottery pipe 535
152. Biconical frog pipe of sandstone 536
153. Biconical frog pipe 536
154. Biconical frog pipe 537
155. Biconical pottery frog pipe 537
156, 157. Biconical animal pipes 538
1.58. Biconical animal pipe 539
159. Biconical stone iigure pipe 539
160. Biconical stone pipe 540
161. Biconical stone hunter pipe 510
162. Biconical pottery pipe 540
163,164. Idol pipes... - 541
165. Idol pipe 542
166. Great pipe .543
167. Great pipe representing man and bird 543
168. Indurated clay pipe 544
358 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
ra«e.
169. Banded green sliite pipe 544
170. Steatite pipe 545
171. Bridegroom pipe 545
172. Bridegroom pipe 546
173. Calumet dance 557
174. Siouau catlinite pipe 577
175. Catlinite pipe 577
176. Double-bowled catlinite pipe 578
177. Sioux pipe 578
178. Catlinite pipe 579
179. Sioux pipe 579
180. Lead and stone Siouan pipe 580
181. Metal pipe 581
182. Inlaid Sioux pipe 581
183. Sioux catlinite pipe 582
184. Sioux pipe 582
185. Steatite pipe 583
186. Northwest coast pipe of steatite 584
187. Puget Sound pii)e 585
188. Eskimo pipe 587
189. Russian type of Eskimo pipe 587
190. Eskimo pipe 590
191. Eskimo i)ipe 591
192. Alaskan pipe 591
193. Eskimo pipe of willow 592
194. Modern Pueblo pipe 596
195. Wolpi Pueblo pipe 597
196. Moki Pueblo pipe 597
197. Greenstone pipe 597
198. Delaware pipe 598
199. Cherokee pipe 599
200. Cherokee stone pipe 599
201. 202. Rectangular pipes 600
203,204. Angular pipes 601
205. Natural form 602
206. Cherokee type of sawed stone pipe 603
207. Cherokee stone pipe 604
208. Cherokee pottery pipe 604
209. Stone pipe 605
210. Wood and lead pipe 606
211. Portrait pipe 606
212. Rectangular stone pipe 607
213. Atlantic coast pipe 609
214-216. Atlantic coast pipes 610
217, 218. Atlantic coast pipes 611
219. Atlantic coast pipe 612
220-222. Southern mound pipes 613
223, 224. Southern mound pipes 614
225, 226. Southern mound pipes 615
227-229. Southern mound pipes 616
230-233. Southern mound pipes 617
234,235. Southern mound pipes 618
236, 237. Southern mound pipes 619
238. Mound type of molded pottery pipe 619
239. Combination clay, copper, and wood pipe. 622
NOTE.
The lirst studies for the followiug paper on " Pipes and Smoking Cus-
toms of the American Aborigines'' were made from the ricb collections
in the U. S. National Museum, but as the material grew it was sug-
gested by Dr. G. Brown (loode, assistant secretary of the Smithsonian
Institution, that it would be well to carefully consider the pipes con-
tained in other public museums and in private collections. Acting on
this suggestion, an extensive correspondence ensued with many persons
interested in the subject, and, as will be observed, the work has been
greatly fa(;ilitated by their courteous assistance. The writer now desires
to express his grateful acknowledgments and thanks for the aid
afforded him by the loan of specimens, and when this was not possible,
of tracings and photographs; also for the list of references suggested,
and for the freedom allowed in examination of pipes on all occasions,
and in data concerning localities and circumstances under which cer-
tain objects were found.
Among those persons whom the writer desires particularly to mention
are Drs. William H. Holmes, Otis T. Mason, Thomas Wilson, and Walter
Hough, of the U. S. National Museum; Maj. J. W. Powell, Mr. W J
McGee, Dr. J.Walter Fewkes, Mr. F. W. Hodge, and Mr. James Mooney,
o.'' the Bureau of American Ethnology; Dr. E. A. Barber aud Mr. Clar-
ence B. Moore, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Mr. Stewart Culin and
Dr. Max Uhle, of the museum of the University of Pennsylvania j Mr.
Andrew E. Douglass, of New York; Mr. David Boyle, of Toronto,
Canada; liev. W. M. Beauchamp, of Baldwinsville, New York; Col.
Bennett H.' Young, of Louisville, Kentucky; Gen. A. L. Pridemore, of
Lee County, Virginia; Prof. John Robinson, of Salem, Massachusetts;
Mr. Warren K. Moorehead, of the Ohio State University; Capt. H. L.
Scott, of the U. S. Army, and Miss Alice Fletcher, of the Peabody
Museum of American Archu'ology and P^thnology, Cambridge, Massa-
chusetts. Also my sincere thanks are due to Prof. P. H. Uhler aud
Col. William H. Love, of Baltimore, Maryland, and Dr. Frank H.
Knowlton and Mr. Charles Schuchert, of Washington, D. C, though it
should not be supposed that these kind friends are in anywise respon-
sible for any expressions emploj'ed in the body of the monograph unless
so quoted.
.lOSEPU D. McGi IRE.
Ellicott City, Maryland. November 21, 1898.
359
Repon of U. S, National Museum, 1897.- McGuire.
Frontispiece.
A Smoking Function.
A bas-relief (if imrt of an altar at Palenqne.
After Edwaid S. Holden in Fust Annual Report of .he Buieau of Ethnology, p. 234, fig. 59.
PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS OF THE AMERICAN ABORIGINES,
RASED ON MATERIAL IX THIi U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM
By .Joseph D. McGiike,
Ellicott Citij, Mari/lctnd.
MEXICAN AND PUEBLO TUBULAR PIPES.
The use of the tobacco plant for smoking- piiq^oses is undoubtedly of
Ameiicau origin, and bas been common tbrongbout Korth America
among- tbe Indians from a period long jirior to tiie arrival of the whites
on the continent. Using the i^lant for snulliug, however, appears to
have been a peculiarity of the Southern Continent, while of the habit
of chewing- there seems to be but meager reference by early writers,
consequently little is known of the extent to which the practice pre-
vailed. The accounts of all early American voyagers, with scarcely an
exception, who have come in first contact with the Indians have referred
to the common emj)loyment of tobacco in all treaties, councils, and, in
fact, fiinctionsof every kind, including social intercourse, in divination,
and in the cure of disease. Other plants, however, have been used quite
commonly for the same jDurpose from the Gulf of Mexico to the Arctic
Ocean, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific. There is no doubt that
tobacco smoking in pipes such as we are now familiar with, as a habit
or pastime, is an invention of the European. Smoke in some form has
been emi^loyed in the treatment of disease from a time long prior to the
Christian era; and the early Spanish, French, and English references to
smoking all bear evidence that tobacco was considered a plant of won-
derful properties. Herodotus says the Messagetae, a people of Asia
Minor, supposed to be Scythians, in battle with whom Cyrus was killed
about 529 B. C, are reported "to have discovered trees that produce
fruit of a peculiar kind, which the inhabitants, when they meet together
in companies and have lit a fire, throw on a fire, as they sit in a circle;
and that bj" inhaling the fumes of the burning- fruit that has been
thrown on, they become intoxicated by the odor just as the Greeks do
by wine; and that the more fruit that is thrown on, the more intoxi-
cated they become, until they rise up to dance and betake themselves
to singing."^
' Herodotus, Book I, p. 88, translated by Henry Gary, New York, 1855.
361
3n2 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Many of the early Americau peoples, iucluding the Aztecs, are de-
scribed as inhaling smoke for the purj)oseof intoxicating themselves— a
practice yet indulged in at various i)laces. Herodotus also says " that
when a man attains great age all his kinsmen meet and sacrifice him,"
and "that they worship the sun of all the gods." '
These rites of the Messagetae are similar to the practices of certain
American Indians. That similar conditions naturally engender like
practices among races in a primitive stage of development has been
observed all over the world. This is noticeable in the primitive tools of
all ancient races, there being scarcely an exception to the rule. Accord-
ing to Strabo, the Mysians were eaters of smoke — " Krapnobates." '
This reference, however, is rather a suggestion found in a note of the
French translation of Strabo than of Strabo himself, who really says
" Posidonius relates that the Mysians religiously abstain from eating
anything that had life, and consequently from cattle, wherefore they
are considered a religious people and called Capnobatae.*' ' Plutarch
says in De Fluvius, " in Thrace near the Hebrus there grows a plant
which resembles the origanum [wild marjoram] ; the inhabitants of
that country throw the leaves on a brazier and inhale the smoke, which
intoxicates them."
Pliny says, " Sandarach, taken in the form of a fumigation, also with
cedar, has a remedial etfect."^ This plant is a medium-sized tree {Cal-
litris quadrivalvis or Thuya articulata) of the pine family from Xorth
Africa, and yields a resinous gum, which, when heated or siirinkled on
burning coals, emits an agreeable balsamic odor and calls to mind the
liquid amber used as a mixture with tobacco by the Aztecs. The
Aztecs were described as burning incense and liquid amber and mix-
ing sweet-smelling substances with burning herbs quite often whin
reference to what we now denominate " smoking " was intended. Eefer-
ence to the cedar being used in fumigation calls to mind that its bark
is smoked at the present time by certain American tribes.
Pliny further says that Ai)polodorus (a naturalist of the first century)
mentions as a remarkable fact that the barbarians, " by inhaling the
fumes of chameleuce [colts foot] at the mouth thereby diminish the
volume of the spleen."' The term "inhalation" suggests something
more than a " fumigation," especially when the further recommenda-
tion is made of employing the smoke of "dried cow dung" as being
remarkably good for phthisis when inhaled through a reed,'' and "that
chameleuce, having its root burnt upon cypress charcoal, the smoke ol
which is good when inhaled by the aid of a funnel or reed." '
' Herodotus, Book I, p. 93, translated liy Ilenry Gary, New York, 1863.
- Strabo, Book YII, p. 3.
^Thc Geography of Strabo, Book VII, Chap. 3, p. 454, Bohn edition, London, 1854.
■•The Natural History of I'liny, Book VI, p. 220, Bohn edition, London, 1866.
« Idem, Book IV, p. 362.
^•Idem, Book V, p. 356.
' Idem, Book V, pj). 55, 164.
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 308
There is little room to doubt that the tube or funnel is an implement
of great anti(|uity iu smoking elsewhere than on the American conti-
nent. Implements figured as Roman pipes, so far as they have come
under the writer's observation, appear to be modern and of the Eng-
lish or French "trade" type. Other plants are so commonly used in
the pipe by the Indians of the whole continent and have been so
employed, according to early writers, for so long a jieriod as to indicate
a very ancient usage. Although there are several native varieties of
the family Ificotiana in America, it appears highly probable that the
use of tobacco first became general through its cultivation by the
Spanish and their trade in it with the natives. The Spanish early cul-
tivated it, for next to food they would naturally grow those plants for
which there was the greatest demand and the best market among the
natives. It is a well-known fact that the English settlers in Virginia
during the first half of the seventeenth century more than once brought
themselves to the verge of starvation because of their having culti-
vated tobac<!o to the exclusion of necessary vegetables.
Throughout the seventeenth century, if not later, smoking was
indulged iu by Europeans mainly because of the wonderful proper-
ties attributed to tobacco. It was supposed not only to cure disease,
but was considered a detergent as well. It was said to prevent the
pangs of hunger and fatigue, and was long prescribed as a medicine by
the physicians of Spain, France, and England. The visitation of the
plague m Europe encouraged the use of tobacco enormously, as it was
sui)posed that it would keep off the disease; and was so sought after and
so generally prescribed that its use quickly became a confirmed habit
among many persons, and the use of that which had been looked npon
as a valued medicine became perverted into a vice difficult to eradicate.
And as late as the time of Charles II, tobacco was supposed to be a
mighty antidote to the plague, and it has been said that at a certain
time during his reign the worst floggings the boys ever received at
Eaton were because they refused to smoke.
The employment of the words "funnel" and "reed" by Pliny may
appear to be indefinite references to the pipe, but they are equally as
distinct as are many of the early Spanish, French, and English expres-
sions used in regard to it, even as late as the first half of the seven-
teenth century, at which date the word "tobacco" had not yet come
into general use.
The most ancient, and at the same time the most reliable evidence of
the early employment of the pipe on the American continent is the bas-
relief of the Alta Casa or Adoratio, at the entrance of the temple of
the Cross, one of the so-called palaces of Palenque, to which attention
was called by John L. Stevens, it being deservedly considered one of
the most remarkable as well as one of the best known of American
antiquities.^ It is shown as the frontispiece.
1 Travels lu Central America aucl Yucatan, II, j). 354, New York, 1848.
364 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
This slab, or altar, as it has been called, is of artistic concept, design,
and finish; it hiis been referred to as representing a ''Maya rain god,
Tlaloc, blowing the winds from his mouth." He is figured "with the
eagle in his headdress; the jaw with grinders; the j^eculiar eye; the
snake between his legs, and a leopard skin over his back." This glyph
represents the official, whether priest or other functionary, standing in
an upright position, his arms extended, with the palms of the hands
held together, forming a trough at a level with the mouth; lying in this
trough of the hands is a tubular object, through which he appears to
be blowing a visible something, as indicated by the ascending -and
descending part of the glyph. The posture is such as may be seen
to-day when the Moki priest thus holds the pipe at a ceremonial dance
and blows the smoke to the four wiuds, as well as to the upper and the
lower world. The implement upon the slab has the exact shape of the
ceremonial pipe of the Moki, as represented by Dr. J. Walter Fewkes.
This, moreover, appears to be the type of the most primitive pipe found
in America, and the one which is distributed over a greater geograi)h-
ical area than any other found on the continent, and is, in fact, the only
type which appears common to the whole country. This opinion is
sustained by the pipes found by arch.xjologic excavations in many
States, which suggest the tube similar in shape to that pictured on the
Palen(j[ue tablet as the most iirimitive pipe of which we have knowl-
edge. "The leopard skin on the back, the beak and eyes of the bird
on the headdress of Tlaloc," says Stevens, "was all a mystery, silent,
defying the most scrutinizing gaze and reach of the intellect."
The snake so prominent on this slab appears as a garment of snakes
on the statue of the bloody Huitzilopotchli, the war god of the Mexi-
cans, who is represented as holding in each of his claw-like hands a
human heart. To find a snake carved u^wn the pipe is by no means an
unusual feature, it being one of the most common totems of the North
American Indian tribes. The bird, either a hawk or an eagle, on the
Palenqne tablet represents, very likely, one of the totems. Paleuque
is in the State of Chiapas, Mexico, in latitude 17° 30' north, longitude
92° 26' west, and is suiiposed to have been in ruins before the invasion
of Mexico by Cortez. The smoker, if such he be, on the slab, invests
it with unusual interest, for in addition to its being of pre-Columbian
origin, its location appears to be that of the extreme southern limit of
the pipe in America, so far as we know from records or reliable antiqui-
ties.
While the writer is convinced that the tube is the primitive form of
the pipe both in Palenqne and in the City of Mexico, pipes have been
found having their bowl at right angles to the stem. ' The latter, how-
ever, are made from a glazed, red or gray pottery which there is reason
to suspect are of Spanish origin and manufacture. While early Span-
ish writers refer but casually to the habit of smoking among the natives,
they constantly speak of the use of incense, and there is reason to
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 365
believe that the use of the pipe was often indicated by this exi>ression.
It must be remembered that smoking, by its general adoption among
the people, struck all early voyagers to America with astonishment,
though Si)anish, French, Englisli, and Dutch each in turn found won-
derful properties in the use of this " sacred herb,"
or, as Everard calls it, "Embassadors' herb."^
Fig. 1 is an enlargement, after Oviedo, of
what is commonly referred to as the first illus-
tration of the American tobacco pipe, though
the first two editions of the work did not con-
tain it. The figure was evidently drawn from
a description of an instrument which is said to
have been used as a snuffing tube employed in
inhaling a preparation of the powder, i)arica.
This article, Oviedo says, was called a "tobago"
and it was evidently that which gave its name
"tobacco" to the plant. The only object of this
character which has come
under the observation of the
writer is a very perfect spec-
imen in the museum of the
University of Pennsylvania,
which is made from the
femur of a llama, and is 5
inches long, with a width of li inches at the extrem-
ity of the bifurcation, the widest part of the bone.
This tube (fig. -J) is carefully i)olished, and decorated
on each side with geometric figures, the significance
of which are indecipherable, though the circles upon
the bifurcated end look as though intended to rej)re-
sent eyes. The figures are incised and most skillfully
executed with some sharj) implement. It was found
at Tiahuanaco, Bolivia.
The remarkable similarity of certain smoking cus-
toms in the most widely separated parts of the con-
tinent IS the strongest argument iu favor of the
antiquity of the habit, and there is little doubt that
the smoking of some plant m pipes or tubes has pre-
vailed very generally from a time long i)rior to the
coming of the Europeans on the continent of North
America. The most primitive pipe of all was a
straight tube, many of which have been found in abo-
riginal burial places, from Mexico to the Great Lakes, and from the At-
lantic to the Pacific oceans. The tube varies, it is true, in both length
and diameter, as well as in the material from which it is made; governed^
Fig. 1.
A TOBACCO PIPE.
Referred to bv 0\ie<lo.
Fig. 2.
SNUFFI.VO Tl'RE.
Tiahuanaco.
After Dr. Max Uhle, University
of Pennsylvania. Original in
University of Pennsylvania.
'Everard, Panacea, or the Universal Medicine, p. 4, London, 1659.
306 EEPOKT of national museum, 1897.
doubtless, by the available supply. Tlie first materials employed would
be reeds, hollow bones, or wood, wbicb, through a process of evolu-
tion, came in time eventually to be stone or earthenware. There is
undoubted evidence that iiipes throughout the continent were made in
many shapes, though it is probable that the most elaborate are the
most modern. An endless variety of leaves, twigs, bark, and even the
roots of plants have been smoked by American Indians, though sumac
and willow have been used by them to nearly as great an extent as
tobacco. At times other plants are smoked in preference to tobacco, or
as a prerequisite of some ceremonial dance or function.
Excepting the tubular form, the shapes of early American pipes
differ greatly with the locality where they occur; those in contiguous
territory usually being similar. The geographical limits of a particular
pipe, with scarcely an exception, follow the lines of natural trade routes
and water courses, which are also, it is true, the lines of least resistance
in the distribution of population, because of the greater facility of
transportation.
Notwithstanding the ancient foreign references to a habit apparently
quite analogous to the use of the tobacco pipe by the American savages,
Europeans do not appear to have smoked the pipe until tobacco was
carried abroad from America, for all early travelers to this continent
appear to have been astonished at the, to them, singular custom of
smoking, and they were convinced that the tobacco plant was possessed
of wonderful properties, and but few of them failed to refer to it with
surprise when they first came in contact with the natives of the
Northern Continent.
Columbus on his first voyage mentions the people of Hispaniola as
smoking, though the reference appears to relate tt) something in the
nature of a cigar or cigarette rather than a tobacco pipe. Beginning
with the dawn of man's employment of tools, throughout all primitive
periods of history, and from the most distant parts of the earth's sur-
face, similar customs and implements are encountered which are impos-
sible of reconciliation one with another unless it be that similar
conditions produce like results. Among these the inhalation of smoke
is only one of many which might be enumerated.
Tobacco was indigenous to the new continent, and the first reference
to its use, though not by name, was that reported to Columbus on his
first voyage by Kodrigo de Jerez of Agramonte and Luis de Torres, a
learned Jew, who were sent out in Hispaniola on November 2, 1402,
with letters to the Kahn of Cathay. De Torres could speak Chaldee,
Hebrew, and some Arabic, and was thought to be a valuable inter-
preter for those subjects of the (xrand Kahn whom Columbus should
encounter.^
These messengers, as referred to by the Marquis of Nadaillac,
quoting Columbus, "found a great number of Indians, men and women.
' Arthur Helps, The Spanish Conquest in America, I, p, 124, New York, 1856.
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 3()7
holdiDg HI their hands little lighted brands made of herbs, of which
they inhaled according- to their custom."' According to other writers
they were said to have indulged in "a fumigation of a peculiar kind."
The smoke in question was absorbed into the mouth through a
charred stick, and was caused bj' burning certain herbs wrai)ped in
a dry leaf, which outer covering was called "tabaco."^
These messengers, says John Harris, "lighting of an Indian town of
fifty houses, they were well treated there, the Spanish being honored
as if they had been deities."^ Quite as indefinite is the expression
"incensing," later employed on the mainland u])on numerous occasions
in the various accounts of Cortez's march to the City of Mexico, or as
"perfuming themselves." Las Casas, who was a contemporary of
Columbus, and the first bishop of Chiapas, is quoted as saying that the
•'two messengers met great numbers of people of both sexes, the men
always with a firebrand in their hands and certain herbs for smoking.
These were dry, and placed in a dry leaf, after the manner of those
paper tubes which the boys in Spain use at Whitsuntide. Lighting
one end, they drew the smoke by sucking at the other. This causes
drowsiness and a kind of intoxication, aud, according to the statement
of natives, relieves them from the feeling of fatigue. These tubes they
call by the name of TolacosJ^*
In the early references to smoking a notable peculiarity is that the
term employed very commonly is "herbs," which may be because of
Ignorance of the ]>lant smoked, though it is certainly suggestive also
of there being more than one, for it is known that certain of our
Indians consider it an essential to their ceremonial smokes or dances
to have a mixture of different plants to put in the pipe; though when
smoking for the purpose of becoming stupefied or intoxicated tobacco
is used. The "firebrand" mentioned by Las Casas was " a kind of
n)usquetoon packed of a dry leaf, which the Indians lit at one end
while they sucked it or inhaled it from the other. These musquetoons
were called Tabacos."''
Xadaillac says it is here easy to recognize the cigar of the present
day, "of which the shape has had but slight modifications." The same
could with equal accuracy be said of the cigarette. Cigars and ciga-
rettes appear so common in all Spanish America as to cause a strong
presumption that one Or other was intended, though the early references
are invariably indefinite.
Las Casas, according to Helps, states that the Indians when ques-
tioned about imbibing tobacco smoke said that it took away fatigue.
'Marquis de Nadaillac, Les Pipes et le Tabac; Mat6riaux pour I'Histoire Primi-
tive et Naturelle de I'Hoiume, 1885, p. 498.
'^Arthur Helps, The Spanish Conquest in America, I, p. 125.
^John Harris, Columbus's First Voyage, Voyages and Travels, I, p. 5, London, 1705.
^Arthur James Weiso, Discoveries of America to the year 1525, p. 120, New York
and London, 1S84.
'■Les Pipes et k- Tabac; Materiaux, etc., 1885, p. 498.
368 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
and that he has knowu Spaniards in tlie island of Hispaniola who
adopted the same habit, and who, being reproved for it as a vice, replied
that it was not in their power to leave it ofl". " 1 do not know," he adds,
"what savor or profit they found in them (tobacos)."'
Millions of people throughout the world still sympathize with this
sentiment. The habit has increased until it has encircled the earth,
and to-day there is scarcely a race which has not adopted the pipe in
some form, though not always coniining themselves to tobacco. Opium
is a rival to it in some parts of the East, and hasheesh ( Cannabis sativa),
an East Indian hemp, is smoked in India for its intoxicating properties.
Some idea may be gained of the consumption of tobacco from the pro-
duction of the manufactured article in the United States in 1897, which
for smoking tobacco, cigars, and cigarettes amounted to the enormous
sum of 371,705,148 pounds. How many of those who consume this
tobacco ever consider " what profit they found in it f " There are many,
who agree with Benzoni, of Milan, who, about 1541, said, " See what a
pestiferous and wicked poison from the devil this nuist be. It has
happened several times to me that going through the provinces of
Guatemala and Nicaragua I have entered the house of an Indian who
had taken this herb, which in the Mexican language is called tobacco,
and, immediately perceiving this sharp, fetid smell, I was obliged to go
away in haste and seek some other place. In La Espana and other
islands when their doctors wanted to cure a sick man they went to the
place where they were to administer the smoke, and when the patient
was thoroughly intoxicated by it the cure was mostly effected."^
To many smoking is only a habit admittedly without profit; to others
it is a "pestiferous weed;" to others again smoking is a solace and
unfailing comforter in solitude or sickness; to its votaries it is often a
nerve tonic of priceless value in times of great mental excitement, and
a sedative in favor of which too much can scarcely be said.
Speaking of the messengers of Columbus who first witnessed smok-
ing, it is interesting to note the opinion of Washington Irving, who
speaks of tobacco as a weed which "the ingenious caprice of man has
converted into a luxury in defiance of the opposition of the senses."^
Bernal Diaz, who was first with Juan de Grijalva, in 1518, on the
coast of the mainland of the continent, and who appears also to have
been, in 1517, with Francisco Hernandez de Cordova in his expedition,
accompanied Cortez throughout his wonderful march to the City of
Mexico. Of his early history little appears known, though it is sup-
posed he was a foot soldier. The historian of the conquest, and thor-
oughly familiar with the daily events of the period, he wrote about
iThc Spaiiisli Conquest in America, New York, 1856, I, p. 125, rcferrinjj; to Histona
de las Indias, MS., Book I, Chap. 40.
2Gerolamo Benzoni, History of the New World, 1541-1556, pp. 80, 81, 82 (Haklujt
Society).
^Tlie Life and Voyages of Christoi>lier Columlms. p. 129, referring to Navarette,
Primer Viage de Colon, p. 51.
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 369
1568, aud in the light of contemporary accounts there is little doubt
that many of his references to the natives using "perfumes" aud
"incense'' related to the practice of smoking tobacco or other plants.
It is not intended to deny that incense or perfume was used in the
temi)les of Mexico or among the natives upon occasion, but it is con-
tended that these terms, where used by the Spanish historians, referred
generally to what we now describe as smoking, rather than to what is
understood by the term perfuming or incensing. Upon several occasions
where these words are employed contemporaneous writers are so clear
in their references to tobacco smoking as to leave little room for doubt.
Spanish descriptions can be better appreciated when it is remembered
that the practices referred to were novel to the writers, and the only
thing to which they could liken it was the incense of the church, with
which they were all familiar. The Spanish references to the smoking
of tobacco are apparently confined to its employment by the great
"lords" after their dinners, though many of them point to the use
of tobacco in conjunction with other things, such as liquid amber, etc.
It must not be forgotten that ceremony and the ceremonial observ-
ance of all serious events in life occupied a great part of the Mexicans'
time, and the same was the case with the aborigines to the north of
Mexico. It will be shown that tobacco was later the plant almost
invariably smoked at solemn and ceremonial councils with the whites
throughout the continent. In Mexico and to the northward for an
indefinite distance there appears always to have been a mixture of
herbs used in local ceremonies, as is yet the case in some of the Pueblo
dances, especially those of Moki. Juan de Grijalva, the discoverer of
Mexico, who died in 1527, according to Diaz, embraced the natives "in
token of peace, gave them strings of beads, and as it is customary to
make amicable presents in amicable treaties, they [the natives] came
with fish, fowl, and vessels with lighted coals to fumigate us with
incense;" aud at what is now St. Juan de Ulloa, he says, "upon our
entering [the temple] they came to us with their pots of incense, but
we could not endure it, being disgusted and grieved at the sight and
the horrid cruelty of their sacrifices." '
The ingredients of this "incense," if Clavigero be correct, were not
such as to recommend it to the favor of Europeans, and fortunately do
not appear to have survived to our time. He says : " The priests took
large quantities of poisonous insects, such as scorpions, spiders, and
worms, and sometimes even small serpents, burned them over the
stove of the temple, and beat their ashes into a mortar together with
the soot of the ocotl [a species of very aromatic pine], tobacco, the
herb ololimbqui, and some live insects."^
That this offering was identical with that of the pipe, so common on
the northern continent at the end of the last century, is shown by the
'Diaz, True History of tlie Conquest of Mexico, i)p. 17, 20, London, 1800.
2 Clavigero, History of Mexico, II, p 44, Philadelphia, 1817.
NAT MTTS 97 L'4:
370 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897
same writer, who says: "These offerings of incense were made also by
the women to the idols, which was not confined to an act of religion
to their gods, but also a piece of civil courtesy to lords and ambassa-
dors." '
Diaz says that upon a certain occasion in the island of Cozumel
(1519), the Spaniards having been attracted to a certain temple, ''the
Indians were found burning odoriferous resins like an incense,"^ and
later he states that the Mexicans sent their " ambassadors with vessels
of incense which they offered us and with which they fumigated Cor-
tez."^ This function is repeatedly referred to during the march, as
occurring with the Tlascalans, the Cholulans, and at the city of
Quivistlan, nor was it confined to offerings to Cortez, but to whoever
was the leader at the i)articular time. We encounter the same cere-
mony offered at Villa Rica to Escalante, who was there "fumigated."
The most casual consideration of this practice shows so great an anal-
ogy between these " incense burnings" and " fumigations" (especially
as tobacco is mentioned among the ingredients composing it), and the
calumet dances and offerings to leaders, not only of the French on the
Mississippi and the Great Lakes, but also to the English along the
Eastern seaboard, as to .amount to conviction that the offerings in many
cases was of the pipe.*
Four days after the arrival of the army in the City of Mexico Cortez
and Montezuma visited the temple and witnessed the offering of
incense to the war gods,' and it is yet observable at Moki in the dances,
where they invariably offer smoke to their idols, the ceremonies of the
pipe being observed by all present with great solemnity and decorum.
The head chief is attended by an assistant of nearly like rank, who
ceremoniously lights the pipe, and with a certain form and set words
hands it to the chief, who blows the smoke of the pipe to the world
quarters and over the altar.
At times offerings were made by "those who happened to be in dan-
ger from stumbling or slipping or on a journey." Incense offerings,
Clavigero says, "wen; made four times a day — at daybreak, midday,
sunset, and midnight. They used copal [Burnera] or some other aro-
matic gum, and on certain festivals employed chapopotli or bitumen
of Judea,'' which was also used by the women to clean their teeth with."
Similar practices are noted later on the Mississippi among the
Natchez, whose offerings were made to the sun, and the Indians of
Virginia, a century afterwards, were said to make offerings of tobacco
in setting out on a journey.
The censers of the Mexicans were commonly made of clay, but they
' Clavigero, History of Mexico, II, pp. 46, 58, Philaclelpliia,1817*
2 Diaz, True History of the Conquest ot Mexico, p. 36, Loudon, 1800.
■'Idem, ))p. 49, 57.
^ Idem, pp. 69, 86, lO."), 109, 118.
•'Idem. p. 14.3.
I'Clavigero, History of Mexico. II, pp. 27,43,44, Philadelphia, 1817.
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 371
also had them of gold, aud no bouse was witbout them nor wanted
idols.'
These censers or pipes and idols or fetiches appear to the writer the
same things under different names, tbe variance being due to differ-
ence in time aud to tbe nationality of those describing the one aud tbe
other. Clavigero on one occasion refers to ambassadors making their
offerings "by touching the earth with their bands," ^ which Antonio de
Solis tlcscribes minutely in his reference to tbe ambassadors from Tlas-
cala, "who every now and then stopped aud made signs of respect with
humility toward the quarters, bowing their bodies till they touched the
ground with their hands; then, raising themselves and putting them
to their lips, i)aid greater respect with the smoke of their censers."-'
This is a similar exhibition to that spoken of when Cortez made
peace with the Cacique of Tabasco, after first repulsing an embassy of
an inferior quality of persons who returned in niimbers with their orna-
ments, aud, having approached with great submission, they perfumed
him "with their fire pans, in which they burned gum anime (a white
resin), gum copal, and other sweet scents."^
These savages "in their festival given in honor of their war god,
Huitzilopochtli, were, by permission of Alvarado, allowed to come
unarmed, and having done so, were set upon by his orders and not an
Aztec was left alive."''
Tbese natives were idolatrous and low among the races of men,
according to the belief of the period, and the puuishment of death was
considered light for their inherited wickedness; yet some of the Spanish
practices are as barbarous as anything noted of the Aztec, especially
that of dressing their wounds with the fat of dead Indians, to which
Diaz quaintly refers, a practice apparently common at that period, for,
according to Biedma. De Soto's soldiers, about 154:0, who were wounded
"had their wounds dressed with the fat of the slain, because our medi-
cine was burnt with the baggage." "
In fig. 3 is again seen a conical object, similar to that on the Paleuque
tablet, which Prof. Cyrus Thomas takes to be a cigar. Its similarity
to the primitive conical pipe is, however, so striking as to impress one
witb tbe idea that this figure, wherever encountered, is intended for a
pipe. Tbe illustration is taken from Tbe Manuscrijit Troano, Plate
XXI,' and is doubly interesting because antedating European contact.
'Diaz. True History of the Comiuest of Mexico, I, pp. 44, 261.
- History of Mexico, p. 281.
^Autouio de Solis, History of tbe Conquest of Mexico, p. 158, Lomlou, 1724.
•"Idem, I, p. 64.
^William H. Prescott, History of the Cou(|uest of Mexico, II, p. 282, Philadel-
phia, 1860.
•*B. F. French, Expedition of Hernando de Soto, Historical Collections of Louisi-
ana, p. 103.
" Cyrus Thomas, Contribution to North American Ethnology, V, p. 134, fig. 46, U. S.
Geographical and Geological Survey.
372
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897,
All early references to smoking are exceedingly indefinite, due to the
writers trying to convey to their readers their impressions of something
entirely novel, and consequently most difficult to describe for want of
something with which to compare it.
It must be admitted that the early references to smoking in America,
while showing it to be a common practice among the Mexicans, so far
as known to the writer do not suggest the rectangular pipe. All Spanish
American people smoke the cigarette or cigar. As early as 175H it was
said of the natives of Carthagena : " Every one smokes, men and women
alike, without distinction of age or rank. They petiin everywhere and
on all occasions. The women hold in their mouths a iiiece of lighted
tobacco, from which they draw the smoke for quite a length of time
without letting it go out and without the fire inconveniencing them,
and one of the greatest acts of
'.'.'•-. if',*"'.. friendship which they can evi-
dence to a person is to light the
tobacco for them." '
This refers apparently to cigar
or cigarette smoking, which was
probabl}^ the survival of a native
custom.
Edward B. Tylor says "the
Mexicans were cultivating
tobacco when the Spaniards in-
vaded the country, and had done
so for ages; it had gotten its
name from the languageof Haiti,
meaning not the tobacco itself
but the cigars made of it."^
There is no doubt that tobacco
was cultivated ; but only to a lim-
ited extent, prior to the Spanish invasion. As soon as the conijuest was
accomplished the Spaniards put the natives to work in mining the
precious metals and in growing tobacco, for which there was a con-
stant and increasing demand.
De Solis says of Montezuma: "He used to smoke tobacco perfumed
with liquid amber [Liquiclambar sti/racijiua, or sweet gum], and this
vicious habit passed for a medicine with the Indians, which withal had
somewhat in it of superstition, for the juice of tliis herb was one of the
ingredients with which the priests were worked up into madness and
fury as often as they were obliged to prepare themselves by losing their
understanding to receive the devil's oracles." ^
imTT^
Fig. 3.
MEXICAN SMOKING.
From The Manuscript Troan.
' Antonio <le Ulloa, Voyage Historique do I'Amerique Meridionale, Book I, p. 35,
Amsterdam and Leipsic, 1752.
^Anahuac, p. 228, London, 1861.
^ History of tLe Conquest of Mexico, Book III, p. 81, London, 1724.
AMERICA]Sr ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS 373
Clavigero, an uuusually well-informed writer, who lived among the
natives of Mexico for tbirty-odd years, about the middle of the last eeu-
tury, referring to the early Mexican practice of smoking, says: "After
dining the lords used to compose themselves to sleep with the smoke of
tobacco. This plant was greatly in use among the Mexicans. Tliey
make various plasters with it. and took it not only in smoke at the
mouth, but also in snuff at the nose. In order to smoke it they jjut the
leaves, with the gum of liquid amber and other hot, warm, and odorifer-
ous herbs, into a little pipe of wood or reed, or some other more valuable
substance. They receive the smoke by sucking the pipe and shutting
the nostrils with the fingers, so that it might pass by the breath more
easily to ward the lungs. * * * But what ought to excite still greater
wonder is that, although the use of tobacco is now so common among
those natives who formerly despised it, it is now so rare among its
inventors that there are extremely few of the Indians of N"ew Spain
who take it in smoke, and none at all who use it in snuftV •
The more closely the manners and customs of the Aztecs and other
natives of Mexico are studied the greater is found to be the similarity
between them and the northern Indians, the real difference being that
the Mexican has been described in glowing terms as possessing a well-
organized government, whereas the prosaic Indian has been represented
and treated very much as a savage, having no good qualities. Dr. J.
Walter Fewkes has found among the Moki Indians of New Mexico a
cigarette, which answers completely that described as being used by
the Mexicans. It is a small reed, not over 2^ inches long, into which
they pack tobacco; a band of some fabric is bound around it and sewed
into the reed, leaving a tiap hanging down by which to hold it. These
cigarettes are found in large numbers in the sacrificial caves in the
vicinity, and appear to be a survival of one of the most primitive of
smoking arrangements. The natives of Mexico are fond of a weed
called Mariguana (?), for mixing with the tobacco in their cigarettes,
which when it is smoked and inhaled by them is said to produce a
hilarious spirit in the smoker.^
A curious custom is related of the people of Yucatan. The children
at a particular period made offerings to certain animals, which in a
measure were cousidered as their sponsors through life. This offering
was "made of a certain gum of pleasant smell, called copal, which they
burn as an incense upon an altar. These animals were wild beasts,
which were supposed to have assumed responsibility for the children
who had been exposed in certain localities in their earliest infancy,
and were known by the tracks found near them in the morning after a
night of exposure."^
'Clavigero, History of Mexico, II, p. 263, translated from Italian by Charles
CuUen, Philadolphia, 1817.
''St. Louis Globe-Democrat, November 18, 1897.
='John Harris. History of the Buccaneers of America, Voyaj^es and Travels, 11, p.
823, London, 1705.
374
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Prescott says the pipes used by the Mexican were "made of var-
nished and richly gilt wood, from which he inhaled sometimes through
the nose, at others through the mouth, the fames of an intoxicating
weed called tobacco, mingled
with liquid amber." '
Diaz, however, identifies
them "as three little canes
highly ornamented, containing
lifiuid amber mixed with an
herb called tobacco, which
when brought" to Montezuma
"he took a little of the smoke
of one of these canes and then
laid himself down to sleep."-^
Kingsborough illustrates, in
his great work on the "Antiq-
uities of Mexico," two figures
of persons who appear to be
smoking pipes, though in the
Fig. 4 appears to be a warrior
He wears a necklace of
Fig. 4.
MEXICAN SMOKING.
Aftfr Kin-sl,..r(,u-li, \-..l. II, ],. S4.
text he does not refer to them as such
who is dressed in netting with large mesh,
claws, and in his mouth appears to be a pipe; only the head of the figure
is here reproduced. The sec-
ond person (fig. 5) holds in hi.s
hand a pipe, and has in the
left hand, apparently, a bou-
quet; the object in the right
hand Kingsborough refers to
as a cane. He says these fig-
ures are scantily clothed to
show their confidence in the
field, as they are certain to
return with sufficient booty
to weigh them down.-'
Clavigero speaks of the
Mexicans using " pijies or
reeds " containing tobacco
aiidliquid amber and "which
were beautifully varnished." ^
According to Bernal Diaz,
as quoted by Bancroft, these
pipes were painted and gilt.^
■Fig. 5.
MEXICAN HOLDING PIPE.
After Kingsborough, Vol. II, p. 84.
1 William H. Prescott, Historyof the Coiiqiiestof Mexico, II,p. 126, Philadelphia, 1860.
-True History of the C'oiKinest of Mexico, p. 140, Londou, 1800.
■' Auti(|iiities of Mexico, II, p. 84.
'History of Mexico, I, p. 283.
■•Hubert Howe Baucroft, The Native Races of the Pacific States, II, ]>. 178, San
Francisco, 1874.
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 375
Diaz also says that sweet canes filled with tobacco and mixed with
liquid amber were sold in the city.'
Montezuma's sleep differed but little from that of the Indian who
slei)t stui)efled from the inhahition of the fumes of tobacco, a practice
quite commonly adopted, anioug" many of the American Indians, notably
those along the Pacific coasts, and whose habits, from geographic loca-
tion, we would naturally expect to find similar to those of their neigh-
bors, and from whom there is reason to suppose they copied the habit,
even if they did not receive it from the Spaniards. Clavigero distinctly
implies the similarity of the Mexican habit to what is known to exist
north of Mexico. He says '' they receive the smoke by sucking the
pipe and shutting the nostrils with their fingers, so that it might pass
by the breath more easily toward the lungs."^
Even as early as 1541-1550 Benzoni, of Milan, tells how slaves brought
by the Spaniards "from Ethiopia preserved the leaves of a plant which
grows in these new countries which was picked in its season, tied up in
bundles, and suspended by them near their fireplaces until very dry; to
use them they take a leaf of their grain (maize), and, one of the other
plant being put in it, they roll them tight together." He then describes
the inhalation of this, which is neither cigar nor cigarette, though hav-
ing properties of both, and says: "So much do they fill themselves with
this cruel smoke, that they loose their reason and fall down as though
they were dead, and remain the greater part of the day or night stupe-
fied, though others are content with imbibing this smoke to make them
giddy and no more." '
Nicolas Monardes, of Seville, was the first, apparently, who spoke of
the tobacco plant by its present name. In De Simplicibus Medica-
mentes, Antwerp, 1574, which is translated into French in Historic des
Drogues, Lyons, 1602, by A. Colin, he, as all others have done, dis-
cussed its properties along with those of other medicitial plants. He
refers to copal and anime, both of which were gums which gave off
strong odors when burned, and were also used in the sacrifices in the
temi)les and were held to the noses of the Spaniards when they came
to the country, as an incense,^ and were at times used in connection
with tobacco, as were other gums, such as storax, tacamahaca, and
liquidamber,'' the latter of which was obtained by making incisions
through the bark of the tree, by which means a resin exuded, and by
mixing it with the powdered bark it gave a stronger odor.''
The tobacco plant undoubtedly owes its great popularity to the won-
derful properties which were early ascribed to it, chief of which Mo-
' Hubert Howe Baiicroft,The Native Races of the Pacific States, II, ]>. 114, Sau
Francisco, 1874.
- History of Mexico, 11, p. 262.
^'Girolamo Beuzoui, History of the New World, p. 80 (Hakliiyt Society).
■•Nicolas Monardes, Histoire des Medicines Simples, p. 104, Lyons, 1602.
•''Idem, p. 506.
'Idem, p. 520.
376 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
nardes says, was its curative qualities with wounds. He further says
it was first carried to Spaiu as much for its beauty and ornament in
gardens as for its virtues.
" The name tobacco was given to it by the Spanish from the island of
the same name, and wliile only the use of the leaves of the plant is
advised, seed was at times utilized when the leaves were not avail-
able. These leaves were strung together, hung in the shade and dried,
and used whole or powdered, and were considered good for headache,
lockjaw, toothache, coughs, asthma, stomach ache, obstructions, kidney
troubles, disease of the heart, rheumatism, the poisoning from arrows,
carbuncles, polypus, consumption," etc'
The methods of using the plant were almost as numerous as the dis-
eases for which it was considered a cure, a few of which are enumerated
as follows: To heat the leaves and apply them to the parts affected ; to
rub the teeth with a rag dipped in the juice; wrapping a leaf into a pill
and inserting it in the tooth; boiling the leaves; decoctions of its
leaves; made into a sirup; smoking it by the mouth; reducing the
leaves to ashes; pounding the green leaves and mixing them with oil
or steeping them in vinegar ; if leaves are not to be had, the powder may
be used as a poultice; in fomentations; by smoking through the nose;
rubbing the leaves on the afflicted parts; inserting the juice into the
wound or applying bruised leaves to the wound.
Monardes says: ^'Tobacco smoke was received by the nose, and in
smoking the i^riests received the smoke through little tubes or canes,
and after they tumbled as if in ecstacy. Upon recovering, they related
what they had conversed about with the evil spirits, and gave ambigu-
ous replies to their followers. In addition to this, the people take the
smoke both by the mouth and by the nose for pleasure when they
desire to see the future in their dreams. For just as the devil is an
imposter and knows the virtue of herbs, he has posted them on the
power of this plant, for by the illusions of their dreams he deceives
the people miserably."^
"The Indians, tired from carrying their burdens or from other work,
inhaled tobacco smoke and fell suddenly as though deprived of reason,
and when they recovered found themselves refreshed by their sleep and
their strength restored. The Ethiopians, carried to these x)arts as slaves,
wishing to lighten their condition, inhale too much, which causes their
masters to chastise them severely, and they burn their tobacco to keep
them from using so much, which leaves as a sole alternative to use it in
secret. The Indians use tobacco to keep away thirst and hunger, and
do it in the following way: They burn certain river shells, then powder-
ing them as fine as chalk, they mix them with an equal quantity of
powdered tobacco and chew it until it forms a solid mass; then they
make it into pills slightly larger than a pea; then, drying it again.
■ Girolamo lien/.oni, History of the New "World, p. 520 ( Haklnyt Society).
■^Nicolas Monardes, Ilistoire des Drogues, p. 535, I^yons, 1602.
AMERICAN ABORIGIXAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 377
they use it wben needed. In making a journey tliroiigli a desert
country, where food and drink are scarce, they put these pills between
their lips and teeth and suck the juice, and when one is gone they
replace it with another through a journey extending over three or
four days, during which time they say they have not been hnngry
or thirsty.'''
Tlie inhabitants of Brazil were the first to carry the seed of this plant
to Portugal, and called it petum. The French called it herbe la reine,
because Jean Xicot, formerly Portuguese ambassador, gave the seed to
the Queen Mother and explained to her its virtues and i^roperties.
Others called it herbe sainte, because of its great power, and " it appears
to me," Monardes says, "to answer very well the description of black
henbane." ^
Monardes evidently refers to cigars and j)ipes in speaking of tubes
proper to be used by asthmatics. He says: "There are brought from
New Spain certain tubes of cane, greased inside and outside with a
certain gum, which, in my opinion, is nothing else than juice of the
tobacco, for it goes to the head. On the side called bitumen they burn
the tube, while on the other side they put it in the mouth and smoke by
inhaling."^
Wafer describes a curious smoking custom among the people of
Darien in 16S1. " The tobacco leaves," he says, " are rolled up sideways
until they make a roll as big as one's wrist and two or three feet in
length. A boy lights one end, wetting the part next to it to keep it
from wasting too fast. He puts the lighted end in his mouth and blows
into the faces of the company, even if there should be two or three
hundred, and they hold their breath as long as possible."* Though
among the Maya people the pipe is not now smoked, and it is doubtful
if it ever was.
These authorities are sufficient to establish the fact that the island-
ers and Mexicans were acquainted, not only with the cigarette but also
with the cig.ir, though the "reed" of the Mexicans approaches more
nearly the pipe or tube than either. This reed pipe is noted in 1540 on
the lower Colorado by Alarcon, the natives being described as carry-
ing " small reed tubes for making perfumes, as do the Indian tabagos
of New Spain," •'^ and if cigarettes are referred to, custom has changed
but little, and is still in daily use by the Zuni and Moki of New Mexico.
" The doctors cured their patients by blowing on them with thin tubes
'Nicolas Monardes, Histoire des Drogues, pp.537, 538, Lyons, lt)02.
-Idem, p. 541.
^Idem, p. 698.
■' Lionel Wafer, A New Voyage and Description of the Istlinius of America, p. 102,
London, 1699.
* Hernando Alarcon, Relation de la Navigation et de la Decouverte, translated by
H Ternaux Compans, p. 322, Paris, 1838, Also in Hakluyt's \'oyage8, III, ]). 514,
London, 1810, reprint of edition of 1600.
378
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Fig. 6.
ANCIENT rOEBLO POTTERY PIPE.
Sikyatki, Arizona.
Cat. No. l.-illLW, U.S.N.M. Collected by Dr. .7. Walter Fewke,
of reed, wliicli were worn on one arm, while little pieces of deer bone
used for scraping ott" the sweat were worn upon the other.'
Prescott refers to "pipes of tortoise shell and silver, containing
tobacco mixed with aromatic substances, which were offered to the
company by the Mexicans, whom, he says, compressed the nostrils while
they inhaled the smoke," ^ showing that its purjiose was to stupify the
smoker. Dr. Fewkes, excavating during the summer of 1895 at the
ruins of Sikyatki, in northeastern Arizona, found several tubes or pipes
much resembling cigarette hold-
ers, and as the excavations here
showed that only a primitive
condition existed at the time of
the abandonment of the town or
pueblo, the i)resumption is in
favor of its antiquity, and may
reasonably be considered pre-
Columbian. These tnbes, which
were straight, though the bowl
was much larger than the stem, were made both of stone and of pottery.
Fig. G is a pottery specimen, which might well answer the description
of one of Montezuma's varnished pipes, referred to by Prescott. It is
2h inches long and about three-fourths of an inch wide across the
mouthpiece. The clay from which this pipe was made was finely pul
verized, and so far as can be seen contains no ground shell or sand,
sucli as is usually found in aboriginal pottery, and which was supposed
to be intended as a tempering, to
prevent cracking in drying or
heating. On each of the ends of
this specimen, for a distance of
one-half an inch, there is a per-
fectly smooth and dark brown,
almost black, glazed surface. The
raised portion of this tube gives
the effect of a jacket shrunken
on, which is covered by a series
of closely incised lines, forming a band, as though made by wrapping
a thread on the clay while it was in the plastic condition. This pipe
might well be taken for varnished wood by anyone not familiar with
the material.
Fig. 7 is also a i^ottery tube from Sikyatki, of ])inkish red color, quite
symmetrical in shape, the type of which is not dissimilar to like objects
found as far north as the State of Ohio. The type is common throughout
the whole pueblo region. The specimen figured has a dull glazed surface,
without polish, and similar thread marks to those referred to on fig. 6.
' Hernando Alarcon, Relation de la Navigation et de la Dcconverte, p. 307, Pari.s,1838.
■^History of the Couciuest of Mexico, I, p. l.")3, Philadelphia, 1860.
Fig. 7.
ANCIENT PUEBLO POTTERY PIPE.
Sikyatki, Arizona.
Cat. No. IfiSlan, U.S.N.M. Collected by Dr. .). Walti-
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 379
ANCIENT ORNAMENTAL I'OEBLO POT-
TERY PIPE
Sikyatki, Arizona.
Cal. No. IseiSl L".S N.M Collected by Dr. J.
Walter Fewkes.
These thread marks look as though the thread wrapped around the
plastic clay had beeu left on while the pottery was going throngh
the cooking process, being burned off in
the baking.
Fig. 8, from Sikyatki, and also made of
pottery like the others, is a pipe of a dull
gray color. It is elliptical in cross section,
and though a part of the bowl upon one
side has been broken away, sufficient re-
mains to show its original form. On the
broader sides of this pipe upon the band
there is a slightly raised surface, upon
which are intersecting lines, evidently cut
into the earthenware subsecjuently to its
baking. Tins specimen looks as though
the incised marks were intended to rei^resent conventional birds' wings,
though It may well be that some other significance attaches to it.
Fig. 9 is from the pueblo of Taos, in New Mexico. Dr. Fewkes
obtained it by i)urchase, and therefore it is impossible to speak posi-
tively concerning its age,
?'WilWP^P^''^^^Zif^^f^ .^^ though it belongs to the
same type as the preced-
ing specimens, andif of a
different period the char-
acteristics remain con-
stant. It is of glazed
black pottery, containing
a slight admixture of finely pounded shell, its hues of ornamenta-
tion being cut through the surface subsequent to the firing of the
clay. It is 6 inches long, having a greatest diameter of 1 inch, and
a circular cross section.
Fig. 10, a light gray earth-
enware from Nambe, New Mex-
ico, was also obtained by Dr.
Fewkes by purchase. It is 3
inches long and for two-thirds
of its length is 2 inches wide,
due to the wing like projections
attached to the elongated
conoidal tube. These wings,
while apparently intended for
ornament, would answer perfectly
for holding the pipe when heated.
The type is primitive and common to the territory of the cliff dwellers.
Fig. 11, a hard-burned red pottery tube from Jemez Springs, New
Me.xico, collected by Mr. J. M. Shields, belongs to the form common
Fiji. 9.
PUEBLO POTTERY PIPE.
Taos, New Mexico.
Cat No nSSOl, U.S N.M. Collecteil hy Dr. J. W.ilter Fewke
PUEBLO POTTERY PIPE.
Nambe, New Mexico.
Cil. .No. n6;i95. U S.N.M. CollecteJ by Dr. J VValte
380 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
throughout the southwestern United States. The pipe on its outer sur-
face is covered by peculiar protuberances, not unlike large coffee grains
set on edge, as though the clay in its plastic condition had been pinched
up by the thumb and forefinger. A pipe having similar coffee like
grains upon its surface is in the collection of Mr. Andrew E. Douglass,
of New York, and is said to have been found 6 feet below the surface of
a bird shaped mound in Eastman, Crawford County, Wisconsin. The
latter specimen, however, is of the rectangular type, with an unusually
large bowl, the ])ottery of which is a mixture of clay and shell.
There are a number of pipes of the Pueblo type in the collection of
the University of Pennsylvania, which were found in the ruins of the
cliff" d\yellers of the Mancos Canyon in Colorado, one of which, 3^ inches
long, has a wooden bowl with a separate stem, made apparently of
catlinite; yet another, with slightly shorter tube, has a catlinite bowl
with a bone stem. The stems of each are held in place by the gum
of the grease wood {Sarcohatus). There is also in the same collection a
short, hard-burned pottery tube of this type,
said to be from ancient Mexico, upon the sur-
face of which there is a rudely modeled head
of a duck, the eye being pierced through.
The stem of this latter pipe has been formed
by leaving a stalk of grass running through
p.,^ ^j the clay into the bowl, so that in burning,
PUEBLO POTTERY PIPE. ^ho woody fibcr disappears, leaving a clear
Northern New Mexico. channel ffiv the smokc to pass through, which
Cat. No. 9S093 u.s N.M Toiiected i.y jg ^ fcaturc commou to pipes of the Southwest.
J. i\l. Shields. -*■ -*-
During the summer of 1897, Dr. Fewkes, at
Four Mile Euin, near Fort Apache, in Arizona, found a number of
pipes of the cigarette type, one of which is made from a stalagmite.
The specimens from this ruin do not appear, however, to be so ancient
as those from Sikyatki. The writer has seen a photograph of a stone
pipe excavated from an ancient grave on the "N. H." ranch, in New
Mexico, collected by tlie Rev. Dr. Niess, of an elongated conical shape,
very similar to the pipes from the coast of California, upon which are
four longitudinal color stripes corresponding to the cardinal quarters.
This pipe is about 8 inches long and similar to that represented on
the Palenque tablet, and in the Manuscript Troano. The only other
pipe having artificial color which has come under the writer's notice is
a hard-burned pottery specimen from the cliff ruin of Mancos, Colorado,
in the collection of the University of Pennsylvania, the bowl of which
has been broken, the interior being smeared with some white color,
probably connected with ancient burial customs. The University of
Pennsylvania also possesses a number of bowls of tubular pipes, some
made of shale and others of slate, the steins of which were evidently
held by means of some foreign substance, as was the case with the
pipes from California; and there are indications that in the middle
Atlantic Coast States the same method of attaching the stem was
ANCIENT CLAY PIPE.
San Juan Eiver, New Mexico.
Cat. No. 19791, U.S.N. M. Collected by Charles .^l.irich.
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND S^IOKIXG CUSTOMS. 381
employed. At Tusayau, ISIew Mexico, as noted by Dr. Fewkes — and
his remarks would apply equally to North America generall}' — " Indiau
customs are handed down through long periods with but slight variations.
At Tusayan, native tobacco {Nicotiana aftenuata) was used in the cer-
emonies The Indians there smoke, however, the leaves of various
plants, as the^^ use various mixtures in their religious rites. The one
who controls the pipe must light it and baud it immediately to the
chief, friendly words being exchanged between the two. The chief
blows the smoke toward the four cardinal poiuts, upward and down-
ward over the altar. They beheve that the smoke is the cloud symbol-
ized by it. Tliey use the utmost care in making the mixture of tobacco
which is to serve for this sacred purpose, and the pipe must be lit with
fire produced in the manner
prescribed by the rite. All
ceremonies commence with
this brotherly smoking."'
Dr. Fewkes informed the
writer that the plants of which
Fig. 12. the mixture used in the pipe
was composed were valued
largely according to the dis-
tance from which they came,
and a plant from Colorado, which he gave a Pueblo Indian in New
Mexico, was said to be good pipe medicine to smoke for that reason.
In ceremonial smoking, or, in fact, in any of the more serious functions,
the white man's manufactured tobacco was not considered valuable.
"The xochiocotzotl, commonly called liquidambar, is the liquid storax
of the Mexicans. It is a great tree, its leaves being similar to those of
the maple, white in one part and dark in the other, disposed in threes.
By an incision in the trunk they extract that precious resin called by
the Spaniards liquidambar, and the oil of the same name is still more
odorous and estimable. They also obtain liquidambiir from a decoction of
the branches, but it is inferior to that which is distilled from the trunk."^
The Sia Indians are said to smoke a thin cigarette, lighted from a
long stick; the boys of the Sia were, however, never seen smoking.^
In the sixteen-soug snake dance of the Moki Indians, both before the
dance begins and after it is over, Dr. Fewkes found that the shape of
the pipe smoked had no significance; but the pipe which was employed
at the eud of the eighth song was invariably one of the old-fashioned
tubular conical pipes of the same character as those used by the ancient
inhabitants, as evidenced at Sikyatki.
Fig. 12, a pueblo pipe from the San Juan River, New Mexico, collected
' Catalogue of the Hemenway Collection in the Historico American Exposition of
Madrid, p. 283, Report of the ColumbiaQ Historical Exposition, Madrid, 1802.
^Clavigero, History of Mexico, I, p. 44, Philadelphia, 1817, translated by Charles
Cullen.
•'Matilda C. Stevenson, The Sia, 11th Annual Report of the iJureau of Ethnology,
p. 105.
382 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
by Charles Aldrich, is made of black ])ottery, the clay having been
mixed with a large proportion of sand. It is burned extremely hard
and molded by hand, the stem hole being made by burning out a stalk
of grass left in the plastic clay.
TUBULAR PIPES OF THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS GENERALLY.
There is in the U. S. National Museum collection a black pottery
specimen of the tube, about the shape of a cigar and the size of one (Cat.
No. 47759) from San Juan, New Mexico, which is in the Abbott Collec-
tion. It is of a dull black color, resembling stone; the upper rim of
the bowl, having been cracked, is neatly repaired or reinforced by bind-
ing it around with fine sinew thread wrapped until it has formed quite
a band. This mode of repair is primitive and interesting as being a
probable survival of ancient methods.
Another and unique pipe is a tube in the U. S. National Museum
having a square exterior, and is made of black glazed pottery. It was
collected by Col.
^ ""~^\ James Stevenson at
Santa Clara, New
Mexico, and has a
rude arrow incised
on opposite sides of
^''- ^^ the tube, the other
TUBULAR IMPLEMENT, PHOBAIU.V PIPE. S 1 d e S h a V i U g thC
Compact alate. , , , •
rude ornamentation
Boono Couuty, West Virginia. n ^ /-. -vx
Cat.No..,m3,U.S.N.M. CoUect^ by W. C. Norris. ^f a bOW (Cat. NO.
47492).
Fig. 13 is a tubular implement, of a compact variety of slate, collected
by Mr. W. C. Norris from a mound in Boone County, West Virginia.
This tube is 8g inches long, with a uniform diameter of 1 inch, the per-
foration, except at the flattened end, being of a diameter of three-fourths
of an inch. This tube unfortunately has been broken, the flattened
mouthpiece of which at its widest i)art measures 2^ inches across, has a
thickness of scarcely one-fourth of an inch; through this a perforation
about three-sixteenths of an inch in diameter has been drilled into the
larger part of the tube. The walls are about one-eighth of an inch
thick, the opening having been drilled by means of a hollow metal drill
1)0 int.
This tube is similar to one figured by Squier and Davis from the
neighborhood of Chillicothe, Ohio, whi(;h they considered superior to
anything of which the present Indian was capable.'
There is one of these tubes made of pottery in the Museum of the
University of Pennsylvania, 4^ inches long, found in Portage County,
Ohio.
'Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley, p. 225, Smithsouiau Contributions
to Knowledge, I.
AMERICAN ABOKIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 383
The writer is inclined to class this tube among the pipes, though he
does so with some doubt. It should not, however, be confounded with
those carefully polished implements having thin walls bored by means
of tubular drills to within one-half or one-fourth of an inch of the end,
which are flat, and have one-eighth-inch holes bored through them, and
which were probably intended to be used as horns, as they certainly
answer that purpose perfectly, giving as they do a strong, clear note.
The surfaces of these tubes are finished to a high polish and appear to
the writer to be due to the use of tools of civilized men. There is a
striking similarity in the mouthpiece of this tube and the specimen
figured from the ancient ruin of Sikyatki.
Fig. 14 is '-a tube of copper collected by Prof. E. B. Andrews on Mr.
George Connett's land, on Wolf Plain, Ohio, which was found with
human remains. Professor Putnam describes it as being made of sheet
copper hammered
over wood, a little
Uole one-eighth of an
inch in diameter be-
ing cut or i)unched
to one side of the
center of the mouth-
piece. The tube, he
says, is 5i inches
long and three-
fourths of an inch
in diameter in the circular part and 2 inches at the flattened end."
Professor Putnam calls attention to the possibility of this class of
implements being intended for pipes. Tubes found in the collection
of the U. S. National Museum intended as horns or pipes vary all the
way from 2 inches to 10 inches in length, with a diameter of from
one-half an inch to 2 inches. Usually they are made of stone, though
tubes of pottery are not unknown. The Indian was as a rule skillful
in selecting material for pipes, the larger proportion of which were
made from chlorite or steatite, though sandstone, quartzite, and other
minerals equally unsuited for x)ipe making are encountered at times.
The cross section of the tubular pipe varies between a flattened ellip-
soid and a circle. They are conoidal in their longer diameter, having
usually a large bowl gradually decreasing in size to the mouthpiece.
While it may reasonably be inferred that the original i^ipe was a reed,
or hollow bone, or a piece of wood split and scooped out, or possibly a
horn, there is no doubt that everything capable of holding tobacco has
at one time or another been used by American Indians for smoking,
instances being known where birch bark, lobster claws, and, most
inappropriate of all, stone coal has served for pipe making.
Fig. 15 IS a pipe made from the metatarsal bone of a deer, than which
it were difficult to imagine a more primitive production. It has a length
of 7 inches. One end of the bone has been hammered ofl', while the
Fig. 14.
COPPER TUBE.
Mound Wolfe Plaiu, Ohio.
i.i, Peabodv Museum. CoUeite.l bv E. H. .An.lrews.
384
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
C:A. Nci. I5'»J-11
Fig. 15.
BONE PIPE.
Kiowa. Indians.
n.S.N.M. Collected by J^
opposite end has been cut down to a size which could readily be placed
in the mouth, leaving the natural cavity to hold the smoking material.
Fig. IG shows that the Indian has been taught the frailty of the sim-
l)le bone when exposed to the heat of the burning leaves. This bone is
of the same character as that of the ])receeding pipe, and has been reen-
forced with strips of rawhide wrapped on wet and allowed to shrink.
Except the cutting oft' and wear on the ends of these bones there
api)ears to have
been nothing done
with either, other
than the reenforce-
ment of the hide.
The writer is in-
formed by Capt. H.
L. Scott, of the
U. S. Army, that the pipe used in the medicine dance by the Kiowas,
which is held in the summer, is in the custody of the medicine keeper
and descended to this tribe from the Arapahoes, who in turn received
it from the Crows in the far north. It is straight and made of a black
stone. The sacred pipe of the Arapahoes, which has an antiq^uity,
according to their tradition, as great as that of the tribe itself and
which is valued beyond price by them, is a straight tube made of a
black stone and is at present in possession of the northern division of
the tribe, which is in Wyoming. White Beaver, in a letter to Dr. E. A.
Barber, of Philadelphia, says, "From 'Medicine Smoke' — big lire, or
He-mon-e-gah — a son of the head chief of the Winuebagoes, I yesterday
heard a legend of the use
of sha-sha or red willow"
[iSalix purpurea], "not to-
bacco." He refers to the
unwrapping of " a j)ipe
made from the shin bone
of an elk which was em-
ployed at a treaty of peace
made between the Winnebagoes and the Sioux, which was only broken
when the pipe was polluted by the chah-de — tobacco of a nation or
place where the sun rises."
Prince Maximilian says of the pipe of the Assinniboines that it was
generally made of blackish stone or dark clay, in which they smoked
the herb kinnikinick, or the leaves of the bearberry {Arctostaphylos
tiva-ursi), mixed with tobacco. He refers also to a pipe used by the
Indians of the upper Missouri, who employ it on warlike excursions, the
bowl and stem of which are in the same line, as a tube.^
The Blackfeet use in their pipes the bearberry, which they call
"sakakomi," and which in company each person passes to the left.^
There appear to be but few exceptions to the rule that the straight
Fig. 16.
COMANCHE BONE PIPE.
Cat. No. 6901, U.S.N.M. Collected by Edw.ini Piiln
Travels in tho Interior of North America, p. VM, London, 1843.
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 385
tube was the saeiecl pipe of the Indian, and tliat this has been a gen-
eral and ancient practice may be inferred from tinding snch tubes
throughout the whoki country where the pipe was smoked.
Captain Marcy refers to the Comauches being extravagantly fond
of smoking tobacco, wliich they called pah-mo, mixed with the leaves of
sumac' [lihus trilobata).
Fig. 17 is a serpentine tube from Wilkes County, Geoigia, collected
by Miss Fannie Andrews. It is 7 inches long, with a diameter of If
inches at the widest part. This pipe is very similar in exterior as well
as in interior finish to those so often found in the graves on the islands
off the coast of California, and in shape differs in no essential from the
bone pipe of the Kiowa and Comanche Indians. The tube of this pipe
has been drilled its entire length by means of a solid drill point, the
bowl and smaller end being subsequently enlarged by means of scrap-
ing or gouging with a narrow tool, apparently made of stone, the
striai of the drill point and gouge each being distinctly discernible.
Similar specimens
are quite common
on the coast of Cal-
ifornia, a few being
known to have rude
ornamentation of
incised lines or de
signs in low relief.
A remarkable pecul-
iarity of th i s Georgia
pipe is shown in the
three tracks, apparently of a bird, on the surface, traveling in a spiral
direction from the bowl toward the mouthpiece. These three tracks
are etched lightly into the stone and ])robably have some especial
significance. Such tracks would indicate those of the turkey at Moki
and the direction in which the smoke traveled to the mouth. Two
similar tracks are figured in the cavity of a chunkee stone found in a
mound at Belmont, near Camden, South Carolina, and represent one
track on each side of the hole through the center of the stone.^
The enlargement of the smaller end of this tube is evidently for the
purpose of inserting a mouthpiece of wood, or bone, or possibly even of
stone. The California pipes had mouthpieces of bird bones held firmly
in place with bitumen, similar to those of the cliff' dwellers which were
held with gum of the greasewood. These mouthpieces served the pur-
pose of preventing in a measure the tobacco or plant consumed from
escaping into the smoker's mouth.
Fig. 18, a California serpentine pipe of most unusual shape, is 6^
' Randolph B. Marcy and George B. IMcClellan, Exploration of the Red River of
Lonisiana, p. 102, Washington, 1854.
■^Bulletin No. 2, University of Pennsylvania, December, 1897, ]>. 79, plate 5, tig. 2.
NAT MUS 97 25
Fig. 17.
ANCIENT STONE TUBULAR PIPE.
Totemic turkey tracks cut on surface.
Wilkes County, Georgia.
Cat. No. 34721, U.S.N. M. Collected by Miss Fannie Andr.
386
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
inches long, with a diameter of 1^ inches at the mouth of the bowl,
which is circular in cross section, though ellii)tical at the middle, where
the greatest diameter is 1^ inches. The bowl and stem are, however,
not in the same plane, owing to having been drilled from opposite ends,
the perforations being intended to intersect about the middle, at which
point, as indicated in the figure, the wall has been perforated. Both
bowl and stem ojieniugs have been enlarged subsequent to drilling by
gouging. Into the stem a hollow bird bone, 1.^ inches long, fastened by
means of bitumen, served as a mouthpiece. The perforation of the wall
wouhl indicate that this was an unfinished article were it not for the
mouthpiece, which indicates that this hole in some way was artificially
closed, probably with the same bitumen with which the mouthpieces
were held in place. The lower hole is perforated from side to side, and
one would be inclined to suppose it was intended for the attachment of
a string so commonly observed in certain types were it not that this
appears to be a unique specimen among pipes of the type which belongs
to those having a
straight hole from
end to end. This
lateral hole is a
natural cavity in
the stone, the edges
of which have been
smoothed in grind-
ing the surface. Its
discovery in the
blocking out of the
pipe, which was al-
ways done before boring the holes, has led to the curve in the specimen
being made in order to preserve the cavity, which was evidently
retained because of some superstition in connection with it, probably
attaching unusual properties to the pipe itself. The California pipes are
almost invariably elongated cones similar to the j)ipefrom Georgia (fig.
17) and range in length from 3 to 10 inches. They were ordinarily made
of serpentine, though specimens of talcose slate and steatite were found
at La Patera and at Dos Pueblos.' The tobacco pipes of the natives
of San Gabriel Mission, California, are said to have been made of reeds,^
from which their conical stone pipes would be a natural development.
Yenegas (about 1758), referring to stone tubes being employed by the
medicine men of California, says: "One mode was very remarkable,
and the good effect it sometimes produced heightened tlie reputation of
the physician. They applied to the suffering part of the patient's body
the chacuaco" (presumably the conventional tube) "or a tube formed out
of a very hard black stone. Through this they sometimes sucked and
Fig. 18.
STONE TUBE WITH BONK MOUTHPIECE.
Santa Barbara, California.
Cat. No. '20218, U.S.N.M. Collected by S. Bowers.
' Report upon the U. 8. Geographical Surveys west of 100th Meridian, VII, Archfe-
ology, p. 126.
* Edward T. Stevens, Flint CUiips, p. 52.5, i[uotiiig California Farmer, May 11, 1860.
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 387
at other times blew, but both as hard as they were able. Sometimes
the tube was filled with cimarron, or wild tobacco, lighted"^ [Xicotiana
attenuata\.
The same practice is referred to about 1766, while these same people
were still living under primitive conditions. It was said "the priests
never abandon the Californian, but on the contrary they redouble
their cries, and they are heard on the whole raucheria when the sick-
ness gets to the point where herbs, sweets, chichuaco and cimarron or
wild tobacco no longer produce effect." -
Professor Putnam's description of smoking by the Klamath Indians
would probably apply equally to the smoking of the California or
other tubular pipes. He says "it amused me to see an Indian bending
back his head to bring the
pipe in a vertical position,
so as not to lose any to-
bacco while taking a long
draught, which he inhales
the longer to enjoy the
opportunity, as the pipe
must be passed on."^
Dr. Greorge M. Dawson
refers also to straight
pipes of steatite, shaped very much like a cigar holder, which are
marked with incised lines,found among the Shushwap people at the
confluence of the Fraser and Thompson rivers in British Columbia.^
Fig. 19, it will be observed, was intended for a tubular pipe, and
was found at Newport, Cook County, Tennessee, by Mr. J. W. Emmert.
It is of a grayish serpentine, 4| inches long, with an exterior diameter
of li inches at its thickest part. It is, however, an elongated, flattened
elipsoidal cone, the raised rim of which is quite unusual and some-
what ornamental. This specimen is in an unfinished condition and
therefore doubly interesting, as it shows much of the process by which
such pipes were made. The bowl has been excavated to a depth of
barely Ih inches, and the stem hole is bored not over three-eighths of
an inch, apparently by means of a stone drill, as the striae are quite
irregular, though the cavity of the bowl has been enlarged subsequent
to drilling by a sharp-pointed tool, which left longitudinal marks
similar to those so commonly noticed in specimens found in the States
along the Middle Atlantic as far west certainly as the Mississippi
River, along the Missouri, and in the Rocky Mountains. The common
drill point of the California coast appears to differ from those used in
the East, the former being made of a gritty stone of ovoid shape,
Fig. 19.
UNFINISHED TUBDLAE STONE PIPE.
Cook County, Tennessee.
No. 916S1, U.S.N.M. Collecte.l by J. W. Emmert.
•Charles C. Jones, Antiquities of the Southern Indians, p. 363, New York, 1873,
quoting Natural and Civil History of California.
^Histoirede la Californie, I, p. 133, translated from English, Paris. 1766.
'Reports of the Peabody Museum of American Arcb;eology, II, p. 268,
^Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, IX, 1891, p. 12.
388
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Pifi. 20.
TUBUI^R PIPE OF SOFT, INDURATED CLAY.
Santa Barbara, California.
Cat. No. 20432, U.S.N. M. Collected by Paul Schumacher
several fine specimens of which, some still showing the asphaltum by
which they were attached to the drill shaft, are preserved in the Ameri-
can Museum of Natural History in ^ew York City. The surface of
this specimen shows distinctly both the circular and the longitudinal
striae of the stone or shell scraper with which the form has been given.
Pipes of this type with few exceptions, so far as the writer has observed,
have been drilled by means of solid drills, though, as showing that
there are exceptions at times, Thruston ^ illustrates one partially exca-
vated which was bored by means of a
hollow drill.
Fig. 20, though a tubular pipe, dif-
fers materially in shape from the usual
California type. This one is from Santa
Barbara, and was collected by Paul
Schumacher, its length being 3 inches,
with a diameter varying from three-
fourths of an inch to 1^ inches. This
tube is made from a clayey substance
quite as soft as chalk; in color it is a light pink, and the specimen
might well be taken for pottery by a casual observer, or even for catli-
nite. Mr. Stephen Powers states that the Mshinani Indians of Bear
Eiver, California, smoke a wild tobacco called by Prof. Asa Gray
NicoUana quadrivalvis, and by Professor Bolander N. plumhaginifolia^
which they use alone or mixed with the leaves of manzanita (Arcto-
staphylos glauca). Mr. A. W. Chase says the Klamaths cultivate it,
which is the only instance of California cultivation. He says the pipe
pan-em-ku-lah is generally made of
serpentine (of wood nowadays), shaped
like a cigar.^
Prof. J. T. Kothrock obtained from
the shell mounds in California a to-
bacco, probably the NicoUana cleve-
landi, and says the N. rustica (now
rare) was formerly cultivated there.
In Arizona they cultivated the iV. ta-
hacum, known as Ya(iui tobacco, and
refers to Gray's saying that JV. quadrivalvis was cultivated from Oregon
to Missouri. He also calls attention to the Hudson's Bay men using
the dried leaves of the bear berry to eke out the supply of tobacco. '
Fig. 21 is a sandstone pipe 3 inches long, having a greatest diameter
of slightly more than an inch. It is from Frankfort, Kentucky, and
was collected by Dr. Robert Peter. This tube has been bored through
by a one-half inch drill; for approximately 2 inches of its length the
' Antiquities of Tennessee, p. 192, fig. 90.
2 Contributions to North American Ethnology, III, fig. 43.
3 Letter to Dr. E. A. Barber of Philadeliihia, Pennsylvania.
Fig. 21.
SANDSTONE TUBE.
Frankfort, Kentucky.
n,',;-.', U.S.N. M. Collfite,! l)v Rril.crt IVlcr.
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 389
perforation has been enlarged to form a bowl by the usual gouging
process the length of the interior. The smaller end of this tube is
too large to be comfortably held in the mouth unless it had a mouth-
piece of bone, such as was inserted in the California tubes. It is,
however, verj- noticeable in primitive pipes, even such as were appar-
ently held in the smoker's mouth, that it is rare to observe any evi-
dence of wear such as would be caused by the smoker's teeth comiug
in contact with the surface of the stem. The action of fire upon the
inner surface of this tube is quite distinct.
Fig. 22, from Uan River, Virginia, collected by Dr. A. Coleman, is a
conical tube of primitive pottery 3 inches loug, the larger end being
approximately 2 inches across and the smaller end slightly more than
1| inches in diameter. The clay from which this tube was made has
been mixed with coarse quartz sand, a tempering material not uncom-
mon in aboriginal pottery in the eastern central i>arts of the United
States. The walls of this tnbe are un-
usually heavy in comparison with those
of similar ones of stone, they being about
three-eighths of an inch thick, and show
the cord marks in the pottery quite dis-
tinctly. A tube very similar to the one
here figured, but slightly curved in its
longitudinal section, was found near Fig. 22.
Benniiigs Bridge, in the District of pottery tube pipe.
Columbia, and Mr. Clarence B. Moore c..^„,,,,,^Z^TcIZT,XA.co^^^n.
found, at a depth of 6 feet, in a shell
heap on the upper St. Johns River, Florida, an earthenware pipe over
7 inches long in the form of a bent, flattened tube.^ The character-
istics of this latter tube are very much like those of the Bennings
Bridge specimens, and there can be little doubt that all of tbem are
tobacco pipes, the pottery having every indication of age. Tubular
pipes have also been noted in Rhode Island, and Perkins refers to
them in Champlain Valley, Vermont.^
Abbott also refers to a tubular smoking pipe from Lawrence, Massa-
chusetts, which he says differs in no ijarticular from those found in
California.-'
The almost endless variety of material from which pipes were made
is shown in the case of the Micmac Indians of Nova Scotia, who '* some-
times used tobacco pipes made of birch bark, rolled in the form of a
cone, and which, of course, are perishable."* A tube of this character
from a mound in Heuderson County, Illinois, made from a brown
iudurated clay, is in the collection of the U. S. National Museum.
' American Naturalist, July, 1894.
*G. H. Perkins, The Calumet in the Cliamplain Valley, Poiinlar Science Monthly,
December, 1893, p. 245.
^C. C. Abbott, Primitive Industry, p. 330, fig. 322, Salem, 1881.
■• J. W. Dawson, Fossil Men, p. 97, Montreal, 1880.
390
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Fig. 23.
TUBE AND CUP SHAPED IMPLEMENT.
Bartow County, Georgia.
U.S.National Museum. Collected by Roland Stein.
Fig. 23 belongs to another and distinct type of stone tubes and was
found in the Etowah Mound, Bartow County, Georgia, and is in the
Steiner collection now on deposit in the U. S. National Museum. This
object is as symmetrical in outline as it is perfect in finish; stem and
bowl, both outside and inside, are eiiually well and carefully ground;
the walls are. approximately, one-eighth of an inch in thickness through-
out. The specimen is 2^ inches long, the bowl being 1^ inches in outer
diameter and the stem live-eighths of an inch. It appears probable
that we have here the form of the medi-
cine pipe referred to by so many of the
early writers, or is it but a freak of the na-
tive tobacco pipe? Coreal says they do
not resort to bleeding when they are sick,
as is done elsewhere, but call in their jaou-
ans, who are priests and doctors. These
suck that part of the body which is most
painful, at times with the mouth, also
with the chalumeau, after making a slight
incision near a vein.'
Coreal, relating his experiences between 1666 and 1697, is one of the
earliest writers who employed the word chalumeau, a reed, in referring
to the pipe. It is said to be a word of Norman origin and the one from
which "calumet" is derived. A similar specimen to that in the Steiner
collection is in the U. S. National Museum, and was found by Capt. C. E.
Bendire on the John Day River, California.
Fig. 24 is a comparatively modern California pottery pipe 3^ inches
long, with a diameter of five-eighths of an inch at the mouth of the bowl.
Except that both bowl and stem are longer, there are retained in this
specimen all of the character-
istics of the Pueblo pipe of a
very primitive period, for
theTe can be little doubt that
the California j)ipe and that
of the Indians south of Cal-
ifornia are nearly related, the
former probably adoj)ting the
custom from their southern contemporaries, as the general distribution
appears to have gradually traveled northward. This pipe has elegance
of form, and the clay from which it is made is of very smooth texture,
the walls of the bowl not being more than one-sixteenth of an iiicb
thick. A Mojave pottery pipe of this character is in the Davenport
Academy. The writer is informed by Dr. Franz Boas that there is a
pipe of this type made of green serpentine in the American Museum of
Natural History, New York, obtained from the Fraser River Indians.
Fig. 24.
BED POTTERY TUBE AND BOWL PIPE.
Colorado River.
U. S. National Museum. Collected by Edward Palmer.
'Voyages de Francois Coreal aux Indes Occidentales, Amsterdam, 1722, I, p. 39,
translated from Spanish.
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 391
Lewis and Clarke iu 1804: describe a pipe which Avas possibly of this
type, found ampng the Shoshonees, which was "made of a dense trans-
parent green stone, very highly polished, about 2^ inches long and of
an oval figure, the bowl being in the same situation with the stem. A
small i)iece of burnt clay is placed in the bottom of the bowl to separate
the tobacco from the end of the stem, and is of an irregular round fig-
ure, not fitting the tube perfectly close, in order that the smoke may
pass with facility.'"
The Indians of northern California, according to Prof. Otis T. IMason,
formerly smoked a wild tobacco, Xicotiana quadrivalvis (Pursh) X. phim-
baginifolia, which they smoked alone or mixed with the dry mauzanita
leaves, Arctostaphylos (jlauca, said to have a pungent, pepper^' taste
which is not disagieeable. The pipes of the Hupa are, as Professor
Mason says, conoidal in shape, and are of wood alone, stone alone, or
latterly of stone and wood combined.-
While it is impossible to speak with certainty of the antiquity of the
tobacco pipe in California, it may be said that the large collection in
the U. S. Xational Museum from that State api^ears to be contempora-
neous with the early arrivals of Europeans, probably Spanish, if. we
may form an estimate from those things found iu the graves in asso-
ciation with them, such as glass beads, bird-bone whistles and flutes.
The tubular pipes, it has been attempted to demonstrate, are found
scattered over a large part of the continent, and they were quite com-
monly smoked by means of stems fastened into an enlargement in the
smaller end, though there are evidences that at times these tubes were
smoked without stems. Their shapes vary greatly, from tubes made
of reeds, having, of course, parallel walls, to conical specimens more or
less elongated ; we may say from a foot or more to 3 inches or less in
length. Schumacher found iu the collection of the U. S. National
Museum a tubular conical pipe from Oregon (Cat. Xo. 20339, TJ.S.X.M.),
which is in an unfinished condition, having been drilled several inches
from one end with a five-eighths inch hole, while from the opposite end
a hole slightly less in diameter has been made. A tube of the hour-
glass form (Cat. Ifo. 170477, U.S.X.M.) from South Carolina has been
bored, so far as one can see, in exactly the same manner. The perfo-
rated articles of primitive peoples will almost always be found drilled
from opposite sides, due to there being less friction in this method and
consequent greater ease in drilling than when the work is all done from
one end.
Fig. 25 is simply a cone cut apparently from mauzanita wood. It is
13 inches long with a greatest diameter of 2 inches, tapering gradually
to 1^ inches at the smaller end. If this pipe were sawed in two one-
' Lewis and Clarke's Expedition to the Rocky Mountains, I, p. 366, Philadelphia,
1814.
'The Ray Collection from Hupa Reservation, Smithsonian- Report, 1886, Pt. 1^
p. 219.
392
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
third of the way from the sinaller end it could not be distinguished in
form from the elongated conical stone i)ipes usually found in graves
and burial places of the islands along tlie California, coast. This pipe
appears to have been perforated by burning. The walls vary from one-
sixteenth of an inch in thickness at the smaller end to nearly one-half
Fig. 25.
TCBULAK WOOD PIPE.
Hupa Reservation.
U. S. National Museum. Colle.-tecl by Lieut. P. II. Ray.
an inch at the larger. The outer sides appear to have been smoothed
by means of sandpajjer, though the same appearance could be imparted
to the specimen with any gritty sandstone or with sand alone. These
pil)es are made from any available wood, those which best resist fire
being preferred, one of the best and most usual being the laurel.
Fig. 20 is an all- wood pipe of Hupa manufacture, 134 inches long,
Fig. 26.
WOOD PIPE.
Hupa lleservation.
IT. S. National Museum. Collected liy Lieut. P. H. R.ay.
that is of peculiar form. The bowl is 2i inches in greatest diameter,
that of the stem being scarcely three-fourths of an inch thick. The
bowl cavity consists of quite a shallow cup, the specimen having been
rudely chopped out by means of an extremely dull tool, which gives
one the impression that it would be a difiicult pipe to smoke unless the
smoker laid flat on his back.
Fig. 27.
ALL-WOOD PIPE.
Hupa Reservation.
U. S. National Museum. Collecteil liy Lieul. 1'. II. Ray.
Fig. 27 belongs to the same type of all-wood Hupa pipes, and is
more carefully finished than the last specimen, its surface being
brought almost to a polish. It is 15 inches long, though the bowl is
less than 1 inch in depth, with a diameter of If inches. Had the pre-
ceding spe(;imen been ground to a uniform surface, as these pipes
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 393
Fig. 'Js.
SANDSTONE TUBULAR PIPE.
Hupa Reservation.
U. S. National Museum. Collected by Lieut. 1'. H. Rav.
usually are, tliey would have had bowls alike, though among the Hupa,
to a greater degree thau has been detected among other natives, pipes
have been made of a greater variety in shape than has been observed
to be the case with almost any other type with which we are acquainted.
They appear to be comparatively modern, and it is strongly to be
suspected that the
multiform shape of
the Hupa pipe has
been largely iniiu-
enced by the outside
demand for speci-
mens as curiosities.
There is in no imple-
ment found in America a greater observance of conventionalism of
form thau is the case among the pipes, and in those localities where the
greatest variety exists investigation demonstrates that the smoking
habit itself has been adopted within the last century. These varie-
ties are most marked along the Pacific
coast among the Hupa and Babeens.
Fig. 28 is a fine-grained tubular sand-
stone, showing unusual mechanical skill
in its manufacture, being 7 inches long,
with a diameter at the larger end of three-
fourths of an inch; the walls of the tube
do not exceed one-sixteenth of an inch at
the mouth of the bowl, increasing gradually to one-eighth inch at the
smaller end. The outer surface is ground to a dull polish, and the inte-
rior shows striae running the length of the implement, made apparently
by means of a file or similar tool.
Fig. 29 differs in no material re-
spect from the simplest form of
conical tubes found throughout the
continent, except in the slightly
raised rim around the smaller end.
It is made of steatite, and has a
length of 2f inches. This rim is
similar to one on the bowl of the unfinished pipe from Cook County,
Tennessee (fig. 19), and would indicate that it was intended simply for
ornament and not for the attachment of a string.
Fig. 30 is of wood, being the pipe used by the Hupas at the present
time, and is 3 inches long, with a greatest diameter of three-fourths of
an inch, the bowl being about seven-eighths of an inch deep, from which
there runs a narrow stem hole to the smaller end.
Fig. 31 shows the shape of the tobacco bag of these people, and is
made from strips of the roots of the spruce, split into strings and woven
together; six buck.skin loops are attached to its rim in such a manner
Fig. 29.
STEATITE TUBULAR PIPE.
Hupa Reservation.
U. S. National Mu
11. Collected by Lieut. P. H.
Ray.
Fig. 30.
TUBULAR WOOD PIPE.
Hui)a Keservation.
U. S. National Museum. Collected bv Lieut. 1". II. Rav.
394
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
that tlieir apices meet iu the center of the opening. A long string is
attached to one loop and is serially passed through all the others, by-
means of which ttie bag may be opened and closed at will by drawing
the loops apart or by drawing the string.
This bag would be found to differ little,
except in material, throughout the conti-
nent. Some would make it of skin, while
others would weave it from suitable
fibers, and others again would ijrobably
fashion it from birch bark.
Fig. 32 is a wooden pipe, 11 inches
long, the bowl of which is made in the
hourglass form, similar in outline to cer-
tain tubes found in the Middle Atlantic
States. The bowl has been cut with a
dull tool, but upon the stem are a number
of crossed lines, intended to add to its
ornamental appearance. Fig. 33 is made
of hard wood, the bowl of which is carved in a series of octagons, cham-
fers, and holes, which give to this specimen quite an ornamental effect.
The tube is 12^ inches long, the bowl being seven-eighths of an inch in
its greatest exterior diameter, and has a cavity 2 inches deep. Figs. 34
Fig. 31.
ROOT-PLAITED TOBACCO BAG.
Hupa Keservation.
, National Museum. Collected by Lieut.
Fig. 32.
WOOD AND STONE PIPE.
Hupa Reservation.
U. S. National Museum. Collected by Lieut. P. H. Ray.
to 37, inclusive, show the most modern form of the Hupa pipe, which
is made from different kinds of wood and serpentine. These pipes
are most carefully polished, and are evidently made with modern tools.
The remarkable feature of these pipes is shown in the serpentine bowl.
Fig. 33.
WOOD AND STONE PIPE.
Hupa JReservation.
U. S. National Museum. Collected by Lieut. P. H. R.iy.
Fig. 35 is set in a tapering wood socket, held in i)lace by some kind of
glue, the whole surface being subsequently ground and polished. Fig.
37 shows the pipe in its original skin case, with its strap for suspen-
sion. The American Indian pipes have always been most carefully
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 305
guarded by tlieir owners, iu cases or coverings of skiu, basketry work,
bark, or woven ragts.^
Tlie Northwestern California pipe has been referred to by Mr. Henry
K. Schoolcraft, <iuotiug- Col. Roderick McKee, as " a straight stick, the
bowl being a continua-
tion of the stem en-
larged into a knob and
held perpendicularly
when smoking." -
There is iu the U. S.
National Museum col-
lection a small serpen-
tine tube, collected by Rev. Stephen Bowers at Santa Cruz Island, Cali-
fornia, 3 inches long, with a greatest diameter of five-eighths of an
inch; around the middle and on each end of which are three or four
parallel incised lines, and on one end of which there yet remains
Fig. 34.
WOOD AND STONE PIPE.
Hupa Keservation.
U. S. National Museum. Collected bv Li^ut. P. II. Ka
Fig. 35.
WOOD AND STONE PIPE.
Hupa Reservation.
U. S. National Museum. Collected by Lieut. P. H. Ray.
attached, by means of asphaltum, part of a circular row of flat shell
beads. A similar specimen from Santa Barbara is iu the Douglass
collection. While these latter tubes have perforations too small to
allow of their being smoked as pipes, they are interesting as showing
a i)eculiar beadwork on
stone, which would likely
be found also as an orna-
mentation of the tubular
pipe, such having in fact
been recorded in several
instances.
Fig. 38 shows a concre-
tion found near ^lorgan-
town. West Virginia, which was supposed to have been of artificial
WOOD AND STONE PIPE.
Hupa Reservation.
U. S. National Museum. Collected by Lieut. P. H. Ray.
' Otis T. Mason, The Ray Collection from Hupa Reservation, Smithsonian Report,
1886, plates xv, xvi, pp. 219, 220.
'^North American Indian Tribes, Pt. .3, j.p. 107, 141, Philadelphia, 1847.
396
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
manufacture. A close iuspectiou developed the fact, however, that
the cavity was a natural formation, which had contained a cephalopod,
a species of cystoceras. The circular cavity shows a succession of
wavy parallel striae, which have every appearance of being made with
a drill, which, however it would be impossible to give with any primi-
tive implement, and it may well be doubted whether it could be done
Fig. 37.
WOOD AND STONE PIPE.
Hupa Reservation.
U. S. National Museum. CoUeiteil by Lieut. P. H. Ray.
with the most improved modern tools. While the bowl has the conoidal
shape common to tubular pipes, one side is flat, while the other is
rounded. It has a length of 2^ inches with a width of If inches, and
is much harder than stone from which pipes are usually made. Around
the flat side of this tube, where it apparently is attached to a base, a
slight groove has been evidently artificially made to enhance the
appearance; a most excellent illustration of the Indian's attraction to
unusual shapes in natural objects.
The native American, however, does not appear to be alone iu smok-
ing straight tubular pipes, for Flinders, iu the early part of the century,
is quoted as referring to a tribe of Papuans
puffing smoke through tubes.'
The natives of Sankum River, Africa, in
about 5° south latitude, are said to use bone
pipes, made from the metatarsal bones of
deer,2 similar to those referred to in this
paper of Kiowa and Comanche origin.
It has been commonly supposed that to
make a stone pipe required weeks if not
months of j)atient labor. The writer has,
however, demonstrated that with primitive
tools, picking, grinding, and drilling, almost
any pipe, such as those which have been used by American Indians,
could be completed in less than three days' work aud the more ordinary
ones in a few hours. Instances of the discovery of conical tubes in
different States and Territories could be multiplied were it necessary,
but it is believed a sufficient number of illustrations have been given
to Impart a fair idea of the type. There appears no room to doubt
i'ig. 38.
CONCEETION STONE.
Morgantown, West Virginia.
Collected by Dr. Walter H'>ui;li.
' J. W. Dawson, Fossil Men, p. 196, Montreal, 1880.
2 Robert T. Pritcliett, Ye Smokiana, 1890.
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 397
that the tubular and couoidal pipe is comparatively common through-
out the continent and that it is the most primitive of all forms, as it is
the one found over the largest area of the continent, it being also the
type upon which there are the least evidences of file marks. Among
all tubular pipes which have come under the writer's observation the
mark of the file appears only once, and in that instance it is upon a
small surface of a glossy specimen which may well be modern.
The surfaces of tubular pipes, with scarcely an. exception, have every
appearance of being made with stone tools, excepting, of course, the
Hui)a pipe. The drill marks in tubular pipes have also every indica-
tion of beiug made with primitive tools, and it is the only type found
in the country upon which steel tool marks do not appear with such
frequency as to indicate the contemporaneity of the white man ; not
of necessity that he made them, but that tbey were made with tools
supplied by him. The shape itself of many of the American Indian
tubes is such, and their ornamentation is of a character to lead to the
conclusion that they are due to European intluences. The aboriginal
mechanic made at one bound a wonderful stride when he first became
possessed of a blade of
iron, even though it were
but the hoop of a barrel ;
and how much greater
was his advance when he
became possessed of im
plements of steel! Every i^ss^^aB-— Fig. 39.
forward step in the art of stone hourglass tube.
sculpture or of carving Nashville, Tennessee.
Cat. No. 5355,. U.S. N'.M. Collected by J. Vanlen.
throughout the known
world has been chiefly due to the discovery of improved tools, which
have limited possibilities. AVith the stone-pecking tool carving was
possible, but slow, while sculpture in free action was an impossibility,
because of the jar of the working tool. An attempt at the rein-esenta-
tion of free action is first found to be successful when the bronze blade
supplanted the stone hammer, and statues were made from the softest
stones, instead of from the granites and diorites which had preceded
them. The steel blade and the rasp made the sculpture of marble in the
round with free action first possible. Is it probable that the American
Indian, alone of all the races of the earth, formed so startling an excep-
tion as to have carved perfectly in the round and to have had no period
of rude art? The Indian was quick to appreciate and to employ tools
which so materially lightened the labors of life as did those made of iron.
Fig. 39 is a tube of the hourglass pattern, collected by Mr. J. Var-
den, from Nashville, Tennessee. With few exceptions, these tubes
are made from steatite, and are more smoothly ground than is usually
the case with conoidal i)ipes, and show a higher appreciation of art.
They vary in length from 5 to 14 inches, with an exterior diameter of
398 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
from 1^ to 2 inches, the interior of the tube being one-third of an inch,
or even less, across.
The tube figured is 6 inches long with a greatest diameter of 2
inches, gradually diminishing to 1^ inches. The contractions of these
tubes often have bauds encircling them, made at times in imitation of
a rope or cord. Sometimes there are two or even three bands of dif-
ferent widths, intended apparently as ornamentation. The perfora-
tions are comparatively straight iu these hourglass tubes, though
there is a cast of a specimen in the U. S. National Museum which, upon
the exterior, shows a decided curve. The curve once given to a tubular
pipe, whether accidentally or by design, would be quickly recognized
as an improvement upon the straight tube, thereby enabling one to
smoke it with less discomfort than would necessarily result from the
use of a straight pipe. It is difficult to believe that the white man,
who has traded in stone implements from the time of John Smith's first
voyage to the present day, did not also trade in pipes, especially as
they, of all his possessions, appear to have been the objects for which
the Indian had the greatest veneration and to which he attached the
greatest value, and consequently for which he would pay the most
liberal prices. The numbers of trade pipes found in Indian burial
places strongly attest the extent to which the trade between the
whites and the Indians eventually extended. There is scarcely an
account of a treaty between whites and Indians in which the pipe and
tobacco tongs do not appear. among the presents exchanged, and there
are records of " great pipes " being presented, by both French and Eng-
lish governors, to their red allies as symbols of amity and pledges of
good will. As noted in reference to other tubes, those of the hourglass
form appear to have been originally drilled by means of solid i)oints,
the perforation being subsetiuently enlarged by gouging out each
end, and leaving a narrow hole or channel connecting the two bowls
or ends. These tubes have been suj>posed to have served among other
purposes as astronomical instruments, a suggestion hardly deserving
serious consideration. This type, the writer thinks, were emj^loyed as
pipes, a belief iu which many now concur. It appears that tubular
pipes were not invariably smoked by placing the smaller end in the
mouth, for Dr. Fewkes found the Moki Indians lighting conical pipes
and placing the larger end to the mouth, blowing smoke through the
smaller end until the lighted material was consumed. When it is
remembered how persistently customs are handed down among the
Indians, and particularly pipe customs, or quasi-religious invocations,
which are conducted by societies of men whose function is to act in
conformity with traditional rituals, we can well believe that similar
implements, even in remote antiquity, were put to like uses. The
resemblance of pipe customs from the most widely separate parts of
the continent appear to attest the auti(iuity of the practices.
The interiors of the hourglass tyj^e of tubes and of many of the
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 399
conoidal pipes are so alike in their uaiiow ueck or point of contraction
about tlieir centers as to suggest the likelihood of the plant smoked
causing the fire to fall into the smoker's mouth, especially when it is
considered that the tube almost of necessity had to be held perpendicu-
larly in smoking.
Fig. 40, said to come from a mound near Ashland, Kentucky, belongs
to the typical tubular hourglass type. It is now in the collection of Mr.
A. E. Douglass, of Xew York City. It is 9 inches long, the bowl outside
being If inches wide. It must be admitted that this pipe, from an artis-
tic point of view, evidences a step in advance in ornamentation beyond
anything heretofore
observed in connec-
tion with American
stone tubes of any
kind. Upon this
tube we see a wood
duck facing the stem,
which is well mod-
eled and shows dis-
tinctly the bird's
crest and two depres-
sions for the eyes,
which there can be
little doubt were in-
tended for the inser-
tion of artificial eyeballs. The wings of the bird are crossed over the
back, and its tail is so modeled as to represent a frog facing the bowl,
the bird's legs answering for those of the frog. This singular composite
figure, it must be admitted, is a most remarkable occurrence if it belongs
to pure savage art, which the writer believes to be an impossibility.
From the base of the tube to the top of the duck's head the measure-
ment is 4 inches, the band being three fourths of an inch in width. The
bowl of this tube, which is behind the duck, has an opening 1^ inches
across and a depth of If inches, at which point it contracts to a tube
one-half an inch in diameter, which for a distance of 4 inches is of uni-
form size; then it begins to expand gradually until it reaches a diameter
of 1 inch at the opposite end. Another tube of this type is referred to by
Squier and Davis as being found in a mound near the Catawba River,
Chester district. South Carolina, upon which a well carved owl is attached
by the back, showing a bold and spirited piece of sculpture practically
in the round.'
Thruston also figures a tube with a wood duck upon it, sitting quite
at one end, and without an encircling band.'
The wood duck and owl are found constantly represented upon rec-
tangular pipes in the territory of the tubes of hourglass form.
Fig. 40.
HOCHGLASS TUBULAR PIPE.
Ashland (Kentucky) Mound.
American Museum of Xatural History, New York. A. E. Douglass collection.
Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley, p. 226, fig. 123.
• Anti(|iiities of Tennc-ssec, p. l'J3, tig. 93.
400
REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
Fig. 4:1 presents yet auother peculiar divergence from the usual tubu-
lar pipe. This specimen is 9 inches long, the greatest diameter being
2f inches, and is from Williams Island, Tennessee, and was collected
by Mr. J. B, Nicklin. The interior of the tube contracts and expands
as does that of tig. 40. The bowl and stem are both enlarged by the
usual longitudinal gimging. The opening at the smaller end of this
tube is similar in character to that noticed in the stems of the California
pipes, and appears to have been intended for the insertion of a stem of
wood. Upon this tube lies stretched out the head and neck of a dog or
wolf, fairly well modeled. On the sides of the bowl are rudely scratched
into the serpentine, of which it is made, two totemic figures, one to the
right and the other to the left of the animal's nose, so rudely executed
that it is impossible
to say for what they
are intended, though
one appears to repre-
sent the skin of some
bird or animal. Be-
tween the ears of the
animal are observ-
able a series of par-
allel scratches, ap-
parently made with
a iile, though the rest
of the implement presents no surface which could not be duplicated
with stone tools. The design of this pipe is more artistic than most of
the hand work of savages, though the totems lightly scratched into the
surface appear to be the work of another school from that which carved
the remainder, the one and the other differing radically in technique.
The writer has detected upon the surface of a number of the stone pipes
in the collections of the XJ. S. National Museum totemic characters etched
into the stone with some sharp-pointed tool, and they are invariably
extremely rude efforts to represent some animal or object; so rude are
these etchings that they arouse a grave doubt in the writer's mind as
to whether they could have been made by a people who were capable of
delineating animal form with the skill shown in the sculpture of many
of the American pipes. Even though it be admitted that there were
skilled artisans who made the pipes, and that the slight surface etch-
ings were individual totems or marks, the suspicion remains that the
sharp parallel, equidistant, straight lines so common on all sculptured
or carved pipes are evidences of the use of the tile of the white man.
If aboriginal trade in stone implements made by the whites was of
such value as to justify John Smith in asking permission of Powhatan
to go through his country to obtain material from which to make axes,
how much more valuable would be the trade in ornamented pipes; and
can one doubt that the whites indnlged in it extensively, unless it be
Fig. 41.
TUBULAR STONE PIPE.
Williams Island, Tennessee.
Cat. No. 1017, U.S.N.M. Collected liy J. B. Nicklin.
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 401
aryued that tlie Datives possesseil superior capacity in manufacturiug
tbeiii '? The characteristics of the etclied totemic figures are not iu
accord with the pipe carvings. The one shows gross ignorance of out-
line, the other tlie skill of an artist, Bartrani refers to "the skin of a
wild-cat or young tiger laid at the king's feet with the great or royal
pipe, beautifully adorned. The skin," he says, "is usually of the animals
of the king's family or tribe, as the wild cat, otter, or bear, rattlesnake,
etc."i
The last pipe referred to is related to a well-defined tyi)e of rectangu-
lar pipes, which, except that they are found too far to the south, would
well answer to a des(;ription of the pipes to which John Smith referred
as being "three quarters of a yard long, prettily carved with a bird, a
bear, a deer, or some such device at the great end," and " sufficient
to beat out the brains of a man."'^ Strachey refers to them as being
sufficient to beat out the "braynes of a horse." ^ Baguall, Powell, and
Todkill increase the length of this pipe to 3 feet.'*
EARLY REFERENCES TO THE USE OF TOBACCO.
Prescott says, " Tobacco was among the products of Peru, yet the
Peruvians differed from every other nation to whom it was known, by
using it only for medicinal purposes in the fn-ni of snuff'." "^
The Inca Garcillasco de la Yega does not appear to refer to smoking,
but only to the using of snuff". ^
"Tabaco," according to Oviedo, "was a certain instrument of wood
or cane made in the manner of the Greek r,of which the Indians accom-
modate the two upper canes to the openings of the nose for the inhal-
ing of the smoke of a plant which they call Cohiba or Cojiba," which is
also called to-day by the name of that instrument."
He, like others, says their " fumigation " was for the purpose of get-
ting intoxicated.
Dr. A. Ernst concludes, after a most careful consideration of the
text, that Oviedo never saw an Indian using the little implement he
describes, and shows that "taboca" is the correct name for an imple-
ment which is still used by several tribes in South America. It is
made of one of the long bones of the tapir, through which the Muras
and Mauhos of the Amazon reciprocally blow into each other's nos-
trils the parica. Another exj)lanatiou agrees with Las Casas; that
1 William Bartram, Travels througli North and South Carolina, Georgia, East and
West Florida. Dublin, 1793.
-Captain .John Smith in Virginia, p. 54, in Arber's edition of Smith's Works.
'William Strachey, Historie of Travaillo into Virginia, 1()12, j). 40 (Hakluyt
Society).
•*W. Siumionds, The Discoveries and Accidents with the First Suiii)ly iu Virginia,
1612-1624, iu Arber's edition of Smith's Works.
'^History of Couquest of Peru, I, p. 140, Philadelphia, 1860.
"The Royal Commentaries of Peru, p. 120, Loudon, 161H.
'Oviedo, Historie General e Natural de las Indias, I, ]»]ate i, fig. 7, Madriii, 1855,
from Salamanca edtion of 1535-1547.
NAT MUS 1)7 26
402 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1897.
"cahoba" was the name, not ouly of the powder, but also of the cere-
mony of taking the powder.'
According to Fairholt, this figure of the pipe does not occur in the
earlier editions of Oviedo, the cut being copied from the Salamanca
edition of 154:7.-
Purchas, about 1G26, quaintly describes this tube referred to by
Oviedo; alluding to the native,s of Hispaniola, who, he says, "had
tobacco in religious estimation, not only for a sanity, but for sanctity
also, as Oviedo writeth, the smoke whereof they took into the nose
with a forked pipe fitted to both nostrils, holding the single end in the
smoke of that herb burning in the fire until they be(;ame senseless.
Their priests most used this, who, coming to themselves after this
sleepy fume, delivered the oracles of their zemes or devils, which some-
times spake by them." ^
Dr. Max Uhle, of the Museum of Science and Art of the University
of Pennsylvania, has written a most interesting paper on snuffing
tubes,^ and to him my thanks are due for the illustration shown in fig. 2.
Latitau, speaking of this habit, says that "after they tumble down,
deprived of all feeling, they are carried away in their hammocks by
their wives." ^
Southey refers to certain tribes of the Rio Negro "who have an
extraordinary and tremendous ceremony, for which a large house is set
apart in all their villages. It begins by a general flogging of one
another with a thong and stone at the end. This continues eight days,
during which the old women, who among the American savages officiate
at most works of abomination, roast the fruit of the parica tree and
reduce it to a fine i)owder. The parties who had been paired in the
previous discipline are partners also in the following part, each in turn
blowing this powder with great force through a hollow cane into the
nostrils of his friend. They then commence drinking and the eflect of
the drink and the deleterious powder is such that most of them lose
their senses for a time and many lose their lives. The ceremony lasts
sixteen days, and is called the feast of the parica." ^
Condamine, according to McCulloh, says the Omaguas, on the upper
waters of the Amazon, snuff up a powder, which they call there "car-
rupa," by means of a forked hollow stick, the forked end being inserted
in the nostrils. He says that the intoxication which follows this prac-
tice lasts twenty-four hours.^
'A. Ernst, of Caracas, Venezuela, Etymology of the word tobacco, American
Anthropologist, II, p. 134.
^F. \V. Fairholt, Tobacco and Its Associations, p. 14, London, 1859.
^Purchas, His Pilgrimage, V, p. 957, Londcm, 1626.
■•Bulletin No. 4, University of Pennsylvania, I.
•'^Prre Lafitau, Moeurs des Sauvagcs Amcriquains, compar<^es aux Moenrs des
premiers Temps, II, p. 138, Paris, 1724, quoting Oviedo.
•'Robert Southey, History of Brazil, Pt. 3, p. 723, London, 1819.
^J. H. McCulloh, Researches, p. 93, Baltimore, 1829, quoting Pinkcrtou's A'oyages,
IV, p. 226.
AMERICAN ABORIGINAL PIPES AND SMOKING CUSTOMS. 403
Humboldt lefers to the same habit among tlie Otomacs, whom, he
says, " gather the long pods of a mimosacea, cut them in i^ieces, moisten
them, and cause them to ferment, mixed with the flour of cassava and
hme, procured from the shell of a helix. The whole mass is exposed to
a brisk fire. When it is to be used, it is redu(;ed to a very fine powder
and placed in a dish; he holds the dish in his right hand and inhales
the niopo by the nose, through a forked bone of a bird, the two extrem-
ities of which are applied to the nostrils. This bone, without which the
Otomac believes he could not take this kind of snuff, is 7 inches long.
It appeared to me to be the leg bone of a large sort of a plover. Father
Gumilla says 'this diabolical powder of the Otomacs, furnished by an
arborescent tobacco plant [Orinoco illus.), intoxicates them by the nos-
trils; deprives them of reason, and renders them furious in battle.'"^
Nadaillac says, "Another Spanish historian tells us that the
