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ENGINEERING DEPAUTMENT.
TWENTY-SIXTH ANNUAL EEPOET
CITY ENGINEER,
BOSTON,
FOR THE YEAR 1892.
Printet( for tfje ©epartment.
BOSTON;
ROCKWELL AND CHURCHILL, CITY PRINTERS.
1893.
ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT.
TWENTY-SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT
CITY EIsTG-INEER
V^ith Compliments of
Qi'lOi'
illiam |achson,
City Engineer.
BOSTON:
ROCKWELL AND CHURCHILL, CITY PRINTERS.
1893.
^i^iilliiiliSP^KPip
ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT.
TWENTY-SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT
CITY ENGINEER,
BOSTON,
FOR THE TEAR 1892.
^rtnteti for t^t department.
m:
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BOSTON:
ROCKWELL AND CHURCHILL, CITY PRINTERS.
1893.
Cltttff
A^i i ^3
>' L-iSi.^i^
ihOf*!^
Engineering Department, City Hall,
Boston, Feb. 1, 1893.
Hon. Nathan Matthews, Jr.,
Mayor of the City of Boston :
Sir : In compliauce with the Revised Ordinances the fol-
lowing report of the expenses and operations of the depart-
ment for the year 1892 is submitted :
The report of this department may l»e classified under the
following heads :
A. — The examination and supervision of structural re-
pairs of bridges ^ the designing and superintending the con-
struction of new bridges, retaining-walls, city wharves, etc.,
and in miscellaneous engineering work called for by tlie City
Council.
B. — Charge of the engineering work in connection with
the Sudbury-river, Cochituate, and Alystic Water-Works,
including charge of new constructions for these v/orks.
C. — Charge of the construction of a system of intercept-
ing and outlet sewers.
D. — Charge of the engineering work in connection with
the parks.
E. — Charge of the engineering work, except for Sewer
Division, in connection with the Street Department.
The expenses incurred under the head "Care paid wholl}'
from a special appropriation.
City Document No. 10.
A.
The following is a statement of engineering expenses from
February 1, 1892, to January 31, 1893 :
Amount of department appropriation for
1892-93 $40,000 00
Amount expended from department appro-
priation for 1892-93 .... 39,999 22
Unexpended balance . . . . fO 78
Statement or Expenditures, Department Appropriation.
Object of expenditures :
Salaries of City Engineer, assistants,
draughtsmen, transitmen, levellers, rod-
men, etc.
Engineering instruments and
same ....
Drawing-paper, and all materials
plans ....
Stationery, printing-stock, note-books, post-
age, etc.
Printing ....
Reference library, binding books, and photo-
graphs of works ..... 349 80
Travelling expenses (including horse-keep-
ing, repairs on vehicles, expenses to
Chicago, Baltimore, and Philadelphia,
etc.) .......
Telephone service .....
Furniture cases for plans and books, etc.
Blue-process printing ....
Incidental expenses, and all other small
supplies ......
Electric-light wiring ....
Total . ....
.
$35,497 58
repairs of
430 56
for making
.
413 44
books, post-
356 31
• • •
283 77
1,232
63
195
30
408
00
154
74
442
09
235
00
$39,999
22
ICngineering Department.
Allston Bridge.
Appropriation city of Boston . , . $90,000 00
Boston & Albany R.R. Co. . 40,000 00
$130,000 00
Items of expenditure :
Abutments $27,800 00
Advertising and miscellaneous . . . 443 82
Bridge guard-posts ..... 185 15
Engineering and inspection . . . 3,129 82
Fences, stairs, and sidewalks . . . 1,341 05
Filling, miscellaneous . . . . Ill 33
Flagmen 1,690 00
Labor and teaming. Street Department . 252 90
Lumber ....... 6 13
Model of bridge-crossing .... 60 80
Printing and stock ..... 70 74
Raising buildings and grading . . . 4,342 51
Rebuilding sewer, south abutment . . 1,032 05
Street tilling and grading .... 2,469 76
B. & A. R.R. Co., contractors for filling-
north side ': 13,554 27
McBride, Chris., contractor for fillino- south
side ' . . 9,962 46
Cofrode & Say lor, contractors for iron
bridge 18,990 27
Dalton, T. S., damages to property . . 1,300 00
Property of J. W. Mollis deeded to the
city ^ 21,000 00
Total $107,743 06
Total appropriation $130,000 00
Expended by city of Boston, $67,743 06
" " Boston & Albany
R.R. Co., 40,000 00
107,743 06
Balance Feb. 1, 1893 . . . $22,256 94
City Document No. 10.
Federal-street Bridge.
Appropriation
$100,000 00
Statement of Expenses from Feb. 1, 1892, to Feb. 1, 1893.
Items of expenditure
Com. of Mass., displacement of tide-water.
Hardware ......
$26 25
10 90
Machinery and iron work .
. ,
143 37
Transferred to Congress-street
Bridge
(guard) ....
: :
534 31
Total ....
$714 83
Appropriation ......
Expended previous to Feb. 1,
1892 .... $99,285 17
Expended from Feb. 1, 1892,
$100,000 00
to Feb. 1, 1893
714 83
Total
$100,000 00
L-Street Bridge.
Appropriation ....
Items of expenditure :
Advertising ....
Boat .....
Counter-balance and labor
Draw-trucks ....
Draw-tender's house (complete)
Engines (2) for draw
Engine-house and foundation (complete)
Engineering and inspection
Fuel
Hardware .
Iron-work
Lead ballast
Lumber
Machinery for draw
Machinery-work and labor
Printing and stock
Soundings
Steel rails and angle bars
Sundries .
Teaming .
60 -,000
00
132
54
70
00
232
67
3,736
00
2,033
18
1,563
00
1,900
24
3,759
03
30
80
27
42
49
14
794
04
179
67
1,266
92
166
15
71
54
10
00
438
70
25 00
Engineering Department. 5
Timber covering $89 40
Water 6 50
Wire rope 132 94
King Bridge Co., contractors for iron draw, 10,100 00
Miller, Wm. L., contractor for pile bridge . 92,756 62
Rowe, T. A., contractor, retaining-wall
coping 681 98
Total $120,254 36
Loan negotiated Feb. 2, 1892 . . . $100,000 00
Oct. 11, 1892 . . . 30,000 00
Transferred from Public Institutions, Jan.
31, 1892 254 36
$130,254 36
Transferred to Street Department . . 10,000 00
Expended by Engineering Department . $120,254 36
Rebuilding Bridges to Watertoayn.
Appropriation, Western avenue and North
Beacon street $18,000 00
Items of expenditure :
Advertising ......
Engineering and inspection
Printing and stock .....
Total
Loan negotiated Sept. 26, 1892
Expended ......
$20
14
245
25
18
18
$283
57
$9,000 00
283
57
Balance, Feb. 1, 1893 . . . $8,716 43
Statues.
Robert G. Shavj Monu^nent.
Appropriation, Robert G. Shaw monument, $19,500 00
Item of expenditure :
Printing and stock . . . $28 40
Appropi-iation $19,500 00
Expended from Feb. 1, 1892, to Feb. 1,
1893 28 40
Balance, Feb. 1, 1893 . . . $19,471 60
6
City Document No. 10.
Improved Sewerage.
Total appropriations ....
Statement of Expenses from Feb. 2, 1892, to
Object of expenditure :
General office expenses
Brighton sewers
Charles-river pollution
East shaft
Flume, removal
" East End connection
" West End connection
Pumping-station (inside) .
Sections 5 and 6, East Side Intercepting
Sewer
Section 6, Dorchester Intercepting Sewer
" 8, " " "
" 9, " "
" 10, " " "
" o, Outfall Sewer
" 3C, " "...
Total
Loans negotiated (less $67,500
transferred) . . .$6,005,500 00
Revenue .... 66,740 93
Total
Expended previous to Feb. 1,
1892 . . . .$5,865,246 41
Expended from Feb. 1, 1892,
to Feb. 1, 1893 . . 161,959 90
$6,222,240 93
Feb. i, 1893.
$13,030 23
4,574 29
982 63
3 63
28 45
1,940 00
2,743 90
3,370 30
1,211 00
21,777 19
13,966 55
4 00
2,594 34
22,606 46
73,126 93
$161,959 90
6,072,240 93
6,027,206 31
Balance, Feb. 1, 1893
$45,034 62
Engineering Department.
Improved Sewerage Construction, 1892.
Tables showing the cost of the sewer sections in progTess
during the year of 1892, and other miscellaneous work.
General Office Expenses.
Items of expenditure :
Salaries .....
Engineering instruments and repairs
Drawing-paper and materials for plans
Stationery and printing-stocl
Travelling expenses .
Printing .
Telephone service
Board and shoeing of horse
Blue-process printing
Sundry small supplies
Office rent
Rubber clothing
Exchange of horse
Exchange of buggy .
Total
$10,029 03
53 85
s
69 70
52 37
579 48
20 30
90 00
444 50
64 14
223 25
896 03
32 58
200 00
275 00
.
$13,030 23
Brighton Sewers.
Item of expenditure
Labor rolls
Total
$4,574 29
$4,574 29
Charles-river Pollution.
Items of expenditure
Engineering
Miscellaneous .
Total
$927 53
55 10
$982 63
East Shaft.
Item of expenditure :
Advertising
$3 63
Total
$3 63
City Document No. 10.
Flume Removal.
Item of expenditure :
Advertising
Total
$28 45
> 45
Flume, West End Connection.
Items of expenditure :
Bricks ......
$274 49
Car-fares .......
31 25
Cement . . ...
232 85
Gravel and sand ....
201 40
Lumber ......
58 60
Labor ......
1,646 86
Teaming ......
153 20
Miscellaneous .....
145 25
Total
$2,743 90
Flume, East End Connection.
Item of expenditure :
Perkins & White (contractors)
Total
$1,940 00
$1,940 00
Pumping-station ( inside ) .
Items of expenditure :
Atlantic Works $1,000 00
Fuel Economizer Co 2,370 30
Total $3,370 30
Sections 5 and 6, East Side Intercepting Sewer.
Items of expenditure :
Street paving . . .
Miscellaneous .
Expended previous to 1892
Total
$1,203 00
8 00
$1,211 00
90,662 26
^91,873 26
Engineering Department.
Section H, Dorchester Intercepting Sewer.
Items of expenditure
Advertising-
Bricks
Car-fares
Cement
Coal
Drain-pipe
General supplie,'
Hardware
Insurance
Labor
Lumber .
Miscellaneous
Piles, and labor on same
Rent of machinery
Rubber clothins:
Sand and gravel
Stationery
Teaming
Tools
$93 88
1,827 80
12 00
1,825 02
695 59
195 67
336 31
14 44
220 00
13,549 20
834 29
11 02
608 40
749 40
112 30
612 40
29 98
536 00
13 49
$21,777
19
Expended previous to 1892
Total
Section 8, Dorchester Intercepti
447
38
$22,224
57
NG Sewer.
Items of expenditure :
Bricks $1,638 33
Car-fares
12
00
Cement
397
20
Coal
208
86
Drain-pipe
49
98
General supplies
96
12
Hardware
41
00
Labor
9,379
12
Lumber .
25
70
Rent of machinery
835
88
" " land
30
00
Rubber clothing-
73
83
Sand and gravel
125
70
Stationery
14
45
Teaming
713
50
Tools
324
88
Carried forivard.
$13,966 55
10
City Document No. 10.
Brought forward^
Expended previous to 1892
Total
$13,966 55
14,324 42
,290 97
Section 9, Dorchester Intercepting Sewer
Item of expenditure :
Car-fares ......
Expended previous to 1892
$4 00
39 20
Total
$43 20
Section 10, Dorchester Intercepting Sewer
Items of expenditure :
Inspection ......
Teaming
A. A. Hall, contractor ....
Expended previous to 1892
Total
Section 3C, Outfall Sewer.
Items of expenditure :
Advertising ....
Hardware ....
Inspection ....
Iron rods and nuts (Bacon & Co. )
Lumber .....
Miscellaneous ....
Printing ....
Perkins & White, contractors
Total
Section 3, Outfall Sewer.
Items of expenditure :
Coal and lumber .....
Inspection ......
Miscellaneous .....
Nawn, H. P., contractor ....
Expended previous to 1892
Total
$50 00
27 25
2,517 09
$2,594 .34
41,098 26
$43,692 60
43
1,048 38
1,599 25
1,705 00
470 59
97 54
64 83
68,046 91
$73,126 93
$322 64
713 75
7 00
21,563 07
$22,606 46
71,788 48
$94,394 94
Engineering Department. 11
BRIDGES.
The inspection of the highway bridges for the annual
report of their safety and completeness has been made, and
as usual, besides the highway bridges, all such bridges as
the Public Garden footbridge and the bridges in the parks
have also been inspected.
List of Bridges inspected.
In the list those marked with an * are over navigable
water, and are each provided with a draw.
I. — Bridges wholly supported by Boston.
Agassiz Road, in Back Bay Fens.
Allston, over Boston & Albany Railroad, Ward 25.
Ashland street, Ward 23, over Providence Division Old
Colony Railroad.
Athens street, over New York & New England Railroad.
Beacon Entrance, Back Bay Fens, over Boston & Albany
Railroad.
Beacon street, over outlet to Back Bay Fens.
Beacon street, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Berkeley street, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Berkeley street, over Providence Division Old Colony
Railroad.
Blakemore street, over Providence Division Old Colony
Railroad, Ward 23.
Bolton street, over New York & New England Railroad.
Boylston street, in Back Bay Fens.
Boylston street, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
*Broadway, over Fort Point Channel.
Broadway, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Brookline avenue, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Byron street, over Boston, Revere Beach, & Lynn Rail-
road.
*Castle Island, from Marine Park, South Boston, to Castle
Island.
*Charles River, from Boston to Charlestown.
*Chelsea (South), over South Channel, Mystic River.
* Chelsea street, from East Boston to Chelsea.
Columbus avenue, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
*Commercial Point, or Tenean, Ward 24.
Commonwealth avenue, in Back Bay Fens.
*Congress street, over Foit Point Channel.
Cottage-street footbridge, over Flats, East Boston.
12 City Document No. 10.
Cornwall street, over Stony Brook, Ward 23.
Dartmouth street, over Boston & Albany and Providence
Division Old Colony Railroad.
*Dover street, over Fort Point Channel.
*Federal street, over Fort Point Channel.
Fen, Back Bay Fens.
Ferdinand street, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Franklin-street footbridge, over Boston & Albany Rail-
road.
Gold street, over New York & New England Railroad.
Huntington avenue, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Irving-ton street, over Providence Division Old Colony
Railroad.
*L-street Bridge, over Reserved Channel, South Boston
Flats.
Ley den street, over Boston, Revere Beach, & Lynn Rail-
road.
Linden Park street, over Stonj^ Brook.
*Malden, from Charlestown to Everett.
*Meridian street, from East Boston to Chelsea.
*Mt. Washington avenue, over Fort Point Channel.
Neptune Road, over Boston, Revere Beach, & Lynn Rail-
road.
Newton street, over Providence Division Old Colony Rail-
road.
Public Garden footbridge.
Shawmut avenue, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Stony Brook, Back Bay Fens.
Swett street, east of New York & New England Railroad.
Swett street, west of New York & New England Railroad.
* Warren, from Boston to Charlestown.
West Chester park, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
West Chester park , over Providence Division Old Colony
Railroad.
West Rutland square footbridge, over Providence Divis-
ion Old Colony Railroad.
Winthrop, from Breed's Island to Winthrop.
11. — Bridges of which Boston supports the Part
WITHIN ITS Limits.
* Cambridge street, from Brighton to Cambridge.
Central avenue, from Ward 24 to Milton.
*Chelsea (North) , from Charlestown to Chelsea.
*Essex street, from Ward 25 (Brookline) to Cambridge.
*Granite, from Dorchester, Ward 24, to Milton.
Longwood avenue, from Ward 22 to Brookline.
Engineering Department. 13
Mattapan, from Ward 24 to Milton.
Milton, from Ward 24 to Milton.
*Neponset, from Ward 24 to Quincy.
*Nortli Beacon street, from Brighton to Watertown.
*Noi'tli Harvard street, from Brio-hton to Camhrido^e.
Spring street, from West Roxbury to Dedliam.
* Western avenue, from Brighton to Cambridge.
* Western avenue, from Brighton to AVatertown.
III. — Bridges of which Boston pays a Part of the
Cost of Maintenance.
Albany street, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
* Canal, from Boston to Cambridge.
Dorchester street, over Old Colony Railroad.
Everett-street Bridge, over Boston & Alban}' Railroad,
Ward 25.
*Harvard, from Boston to Cambridge.
*Prison Point, from Charlestown to Cambridge.
*West Boston, from Boston to Cambridge.
IV. — Bridges supported by Railroad Corporations.
1st. — Boston i& Albany Railroad.
Cottage Farm, Brighton.
Harrison avenue.
Market street, Brighton.
Tremont street.
Washington street.
2d. — Boston & Maine Railroad, Western Division.
Mystic avenue.
Main street.
3d. — Boston & Maine Railroad, Eastern Division.
Mystic avenue.
Main street.
4th. — Boston, Revere Beach, <& Lynn Railroad.
Everett street.
Stlt. — JSfew York (& .Neiv England Railroad.
Broadway.
Dorchester avenue.
Fifth street.
14 City Document No. 10.
Forest Hills avenue, Ward 24.
Fourth street.
Harvard street, Ward 24.
Norfolk " " "
Norfolk ii ii ii
Second street.
Silver street.
Sixth street.
Third street.
Washington street. Ward 24.
6th. — Old Colony Railroad.
Adams street.
Ashmont street and Dorchester avenue.
Cedar Grove Cemetery.
Commercial street.
Savin Hill avenue.
7th. — Old Oolony Railroad, Providence Division.
Beech street. Ward 23.
Bellevue street. Ward 23.
Canterbury street. Ward 23.
Centre street, or Hog Bridge, Ward 23.
Centre and Mt. Vernon streets. Ward 23.
Dudley avenue. Ward 23.
Park street, Ward 23.
Eecapitulation.
I. Number wholly supported by Boston . . .54
II. Number of which Boston supports the part within
its limits ....... 14
III. Number of which Boston pays a part of the cost
of maintenance ...... 7
IV. Number supported by railroad corporations :
1. Boston & Albany . . , . . . 5
2. Boston & Maine, Western Division ... 2
3. " " Eastern Division ... 2
4. Boston, Revere Beach, & Lynn ... 1
5. New York & New England .... 13
6. Old Colony 5
7. " " Providence Division . . . .7
Total number . . . . . . .110
Four bridges have been added to the list this year, namely :
AUston Bridge, on Boston & Albany R.R. ; Castle Island,
Engineering Department. 15
in Marine Park at South Boston ; Everett-street, over the
Boston & Albany R.R., in Ward 25 ; and L-street Bridge,
over Reserved Channel, South Boston Flats.
The following list includes all the bridges supported by
the city, either in whole or in part.
Agassiz-road Bridge in Back Bay Fens.
This bridge was built in 1887, of brick and stone masonry.
It is maintained by the Park Department, and is in good
condition.
Albany-street Bridge (over Boston & Albany R.R.).
The original structure was built in 1856-57 ; was rebuilt
in 1867-68; and again in 1886-87. It is maintained in
part by the City of Boston and in jiart by the Boston &
Albany R.R. It is in good condition.
Allston Bridge (over Boston &, Albany R.R.,
Ward 25).
This is a new bridge. To be maintained by the city of
Boston (see page 29.)
ASHLAND-STREET BrIDGE (OVER PrOVIDENCE DIVISION
Old Colony R.R., Ward 23).
The present structure is of iron, and was built in 1875.
It is badly in need of painting ; in other respects it is in
good condition. The recommendation of lust year is re-
newed : " The iron-work and fences should be painted."
Athens-street Bridge (over New York & New
England R.R.).
This is an iron bridge, and was built in 1874. The wood-
work of the bridge has been renewed and the iron-work and
fences painted. It is in good condition.
Beacon-entrance Bridge (in Back Bay Fens, over
Boston & Albany R.R.).
This is an iron bridge, and was built in 1881-82. It is
maintained by the Park Department, and is in good condition.
Beacon-street Bridge (over outlet of Back Bay).
This is an iron bridge, built in 1880-81. It has been
painted, and is in good condition.
16 City Document No. 10.
Beacon-street Bridge (over Boston & Albany E.E.).
This is an iron bridge ; it was built in 1884-85, and was
widened in 1887-88. It is in good condition.
Berkeley-street Bridge (over Boston & Albany R.R.).
This is an iron bridge ; the present structure was built in
1891, and the permanent fence has recently been finished.
The bridge is in good condition.' The abutments should
be pointed.
/
' Berkeley-street Bridge (over Providence Division
Old Colony R.R.).
Parts of this bridge are in poor condition. The under
floor is old and decayed ; the concrete sidewalks are poor ;
it was long since necessary to strengthen the span over the
main tracks with wooden beams, and it should be taken up
and renewed. Nothino- has been done toward rebuildinsi:
this part of the bridge for the benefit of the railroad, as was
proposed at one time, the railroad to bear a proportion of
the expense.
Blakemore-street Bridge (over Providence Division
Old Colony R.R.).
This is an iron bridge ; it was built in 1881-82. It should
be painted. It is in good condition otherwise.
Bolton-street Bridge (over New York & New Eng-
land E.E.).
This is a wooden bridge, built in 1889. It is in good
condition.
Boylston-street Arch Bridge (in Back Bay Fens).
This is a stone arch-bridge, built in 1881. It is in good
condition.
Boylston-street Bridge (over Boston & Albany E.E.).
This is an iron bridge. It was built in 1886-88. No per-
manent fence has yet been built, but an ornamental railing
should be provided. The abutments and adjoining re-
taining-walls are in good condition ; the iron- work needs
painting.
Engineereng Department. 17
* Broadway Bridge (over Fort Point Channel).
This is an iron bridge. It was built in 1869-71, and the
draw and its foundation were rebuilt in 1874-75. The con-
crete sidewalks have been repaired, and the floor underneath
renewed in part. A new wooden under-floor has been laid
on the Foundry- street and Lehigh-street spans. The under
part of the structure has been painted with red lead in all
parts except the column section between the Foundry-street
span and the railroad. Estimates have been made for
strengthening the weak places in the bridge, in anticipation
of increased travel during the closing of Dover-street bridge.
The draw pier has not been repaired for some years, and it
should be carefully examined in favorable weather. The
bridge as a whole is in an unsatisfactory condition.
Broadway Bridge (o^her Boston & Albany K.R.).
This bridge is of iron, and was built in 1880-81. The
wood-work on the bridge has been renewed, and the iron-
work of the floor has been painted where it is readily acces-
sible. A hard-pine floor was laid; a cheaper spruce floor,
and more thorough cleaning and painting would have been
preferable.
It has been found in practice that bridges located over
railroads where there is very much traffic, and especially
where the bridges are low, should not be provided with
an under-floor which will last more than four years, as the
iron will rapidly deteriorate unless it is frequently cleaned
and painted, and this can only be done to the floors when
they are stripped of all woodwork.
Brookline-avenue Bridge (over Boston & Albany
R.R.).
This bridge is of iron, and was built in 1884. It is in
good condition.
Byron-street Bridge (over Boston, Eevere Beach, &
Lynn R.E.).
This is a wooden bridge ; it was built in 1889. The
fences should be painted ; otherwise it is in good condition.
* Cambridge-street Bridge (from Brighton to
Cambridge).
This is a wooden pile-bridge with a wooden leaf-draw.
The city maintains the part within its limits. It was re-
18 City Document No. 10.
built in 1884. The draw was rebuilt and the passageway
for vessels widened to thirty-six feet in 1891. The bridge
and draw are in good condition. It is operated by hand
power, and requires careful adjustment in order that the
men may be able to raise it. The draw pier is in bad con-
dition ; the covering-plank is poor, and the down-stream end
has been damaged by vessels. The pier is too short to ac-
commodate the larger class of vessels that the widening
of the draw- way allows to pass through the bridge.
* Canal or Craigie's Bridge.
This is a wooden pile-bridge, with wooden turn-table draw.
The city pays one-half of the cost of maintenance. The
bridge was originally built in 1808, was rebuilt in 1852,
and aoain rebuilt and widened in 1874. The bridge is in the
care of a commission consisting of one commissioner from
Boston and one from Cambridge. The draw has been painted.
IS ew tracks for electric cars have been laid by the street-rail-
way company, and additional repaving has been done by the
commissioners. The paving is in good condition ; the
fender and the faces of the passageway for vessels through
the bridge are in bad condition. The draw is old for a
wooden structure, and should be thoroughly overhauled and
kept in the best condition in order to safely carry electric
cars.
* Castle-island Bridge (from jMarine Park, South
Boston, to Castle Island).
This is a new bridge (see page 148). It is in good
condition.
Central-avenue Bridge (over Neponset River, Dor-
chester Lower Mills).
This is an iron bridge, and was built in 1876. The city
maintains the part within its limits. The under plank is in
poor condition, and the iron-work should be cleaned and
painted.
* Charles-river Bridge (from Boston to
Charlestown) .
This is a wooden pile-bridge, with an iron draw. The
original bridge was built in 1785-86 ; the present structure
was built in 1854-55 ; the draw was built in 1870. The
bridge has been partly repaved with the old stock, some
edgestones have been reset, and the roadway is now in fairly
ENGESrEERING DEPARTMENT. 19
good condition. The sidewalks on the Charlestown end are
in very poor condition. The bulkhead at the Charlestown
end of the draw has been partly rebuilt, and the sides of the
waterway partly replanked.
The draw and draw foundation are in poor condition ; the
wooden tloor-lieams are twenty-three years old, and the ex-
posed ends are rotten.
The heavy counterbalance on the short end of the draw is
insecurely fastened in its place. The rails on which the draw
runs, the track stringers, and the pile foundation are all in
bad condition. On the lixed part of the bridge the side bulk-
heads are very rotten, the paving-stones, although recently
reset, are old and worn. The bridge is out of line to a serious
extent ; the fender and piers on the lower side of the bridge
are in a ruinous condition.
Electric cars are not allowed to cross the draw on account
of its weakness, and an inspection of the draw-tender's books
shows that travel over the bridge was interrupted seventeen
times during the year 1892 on account of necessary repairs
or breakdowns of the draw — the detentions on this account
varying from half an hour to five days. The bridge is worn
out and not worth repairing. It should be replaced by a
new structure at once.
* Chelsea Bridge, North (from Mystic River Cor-
poration Wharf to Chelsea).
The city maintains the part within its limits.
The original structure was built in 1802-3 ; the present
structure was built in 1880, except the draw, which was
built in 1873. The bridge is in a rotten condition. The
draw is twenty years old, and is in a poor condition. It is
moved by steam, and electric cars cross it. The foundation
for the draw pivot has been patched. The end floor-beam of
the draw has been renewed, and the fender on the Boston
side, near the draw, rebuilt.
The down-stream draw pier is entirely too short for the
class of vessels now using the draw, and complaints of poor
accommodation have been made.
* Chelsea Bridge, South (over South Channel, Mystic
River) .
This is a pile bridge, with an iron draw. The original
bridge was built in 1802-3, and the present structure in
1876-7. The apparatus for moving the draw by steam has
been finished. New sidewalks and fences have been built on
20 City Document No. 10.
the draw, and the fender has been repaired. The old Warren
Bridge storehouse has been moved to this bridge.
The contemplated abolition of the Chelsea-street grade
crossings will require the rebuilding of this bridge at a higher
grade.
* Chelsea-street Bridge (from East Boston to
Chelsea).
This is a wooden pile-bridge ; was originally built in 1834 ;
was rebuilt in 1848, and again rebuilt in 1873, and the
present draw was built in 1868. There is no change for the
better in this bridge ; its bad condition was fully reported
last year. It is old and narrow, and the draw and its
foundation are in a dangerous condition.
Columbus-avenue Bridge (over Boston & Albany
Eailroad) .
This is an iron bridge. It was originally built in 1865,
and the present structure was built in 1876-77. The bridge
has been painted, and is in good condition. It is still made
an anchorage for telegraph-pole guys, which should be
removed.
* Commercial-point or Tenean Bridge (Ward 24).
This is a wooden pile-bridge, with a wooden leaf-draw. It
was originally built in 1833, and the present structure was
built in 1875. No repairs of importance have been made.
The draw is in poor condition, and should be repaired at once.
Commonwealth-avenue Bridge (in Back Bay Fens).
This is an iron bridge ; it was built in 1881-82. It has
been painted, and is in good condition.
* Congress-street Bridge (over Fort Point Channel) .
This is a wooden pile-bridge, with an iron turn-table draw
on a stone-masonry foundation. It was built in 1874-75.
The engines, boilers, shafting, and gearing are worn from
long service, and require extensive repairs. The fender guard
is now being repaired. The under floors of the bridge and
sidewalks and the concrete sidewalks are in poor condition.
The draw is in good order, but the wheels and tracks are
worn from long use.
Engineering Department. 21
Cornwall-street Bridge (over Stony Brook,
Ward 23).
This is a small wooden brids^e, built in 1802. It is in o-ood
condition, except that the outlets for water are insufficient.
The bridge is at the foot of the grade at either end.
Cottage-street Footbridge (over Flats, East
Boston) .
This is a new wooden pile-bridge, built in 1889 for foot
travel only. It is in good condition. It was painted, partly,
in 1891, and finished m 1892.
Dartmouth-street Bridge (over Boston & Albany
and Providence Division Old Colony K.R.).
This is an iron bridge. It was built of wood in 1869, and
the present structure was built in 1878-79. It is in good
condition.
Dorchester-street Bridge (over Old Colony E.R.).
This is an iron bridge. It was built in 1869. The bridge
is principally supported by the Old Colony Railroad. No
repairs have been made upon it. In the report for 1890 the
following statement was made, and repeated in 1891 : "The
bridge has not been stripped and painted for ten years. It is
known to be in bad condition, just how bad cannot be ascer-
tained without removing all the wood-work. It should be
thoroughly overhauled in the spring." Nothing has yet been
done.
The contemplated widening of the railroad for four tracks
will necessitate rebiulding the liridge ; but meanwhile it is
not prudent to run the electric cars over it without stripping
it, and making a careful examination of its condition.
* Dover-street Bridge (over Fort Point Channel).
This is a wooden pile-bridge, with a double iron draw. It
was originally built in 1805, was rebuilt in 1858-59, and the
present structure was built in 1876. This bridge is in safe
condition, and but few repairs have been made. The
abolition of the grade crossing on West Fourth street will
require the rebuilding of this bridge during the coming
season.
22 City Document No. 10.
* Essex-street Bridge (from Brighton to Cambridge).
The city maintains the part within its limits. This is a
wooden pile-bridge, with a wooden leaf-draw, and was
originally built in 1850 ; the draw was rebuilt in 1891. The
under floor and stringers have been renewed in part, and are
in good condition ; the draw pier has been repaired, and
draw-tender's house from ]Mal<ien Bridge has been brought
here. The changes of grade incident to the widening of
Commonwealth avenue will require the rebuilding of this
bridge in the immediate future.
Everett-street Bridge (over Boston & Albany R.E.,
Ward 25).
This is an iron bridge. It was Ijuilt by the Boston &
Albany Railroad under the grade-crossing act of 1890. The
railroad will maintain the structure of the ])ridge, and the
city the approaches and the wearing-surface of the roadway.
* Federal-street Bridge (over Fort Point Channel).
This bridge was originally built in 1827-28 ; was rebuilt
in 1857-58 ; was again rebuilt in 1872-73 ; and the present
structure, which is a wooden pile-1)ridge with a double iron
draw, was built in 1891-92. The bridge is in good con-
dition. The necessary structures have been built, and
electric cars now cross the bridge. A new public landing
for boats has been built. The draws are moved by electricity.
Fen Bridge (Back Bay Fens).
This bridge was built in 1891-92. It is in good condition.
Ferdinand- street Bridge (over Boston & Albany
R.R.).
This is an iron bridge. It was originally built in 1864-65,
and was strengthened in 1877. The present structure was
built in 1892. The bridge is in good condition. The abut-
ments should be pointed.
Franklin-street Bridge (Footbridge over Boston
& Albany R.R.).
This is an iron bridge, and was built in 1883. It has been
painted and the stairs repaired. It is in good condition.
Engineering Department. 23
Gold-street Bridge (over New York & New
England R.R.).
This is a wooden footbridge, built in 1890. It needs
painting ; otherwise it is in good condition.
* Granite Bridge (from Ward 24 to Milton) .
The city maintains the part within its limits. This bridge
was originally built in 1837. It is a wooden pile-bridge,
with a wooden leaf-draw.
The draw piers are not well placed with reference to the
course of the river and the direction of the current ; conse-
quently great difficulty is found in passing vessels through
the draw, and travel over the bridge is delayed hy the
unnecessary time required to pass vessels of large size, on
account of this defect. It has been painted, and is in good
condition.
* Harvard Bridge (from Boston to Cambridge).
This bridge is an iron bridge, and was built in 1887-1891,
with an iron turntable draw. The city pays one-half of the
cost of maintenance. The bridge is in the care of a commis-
sion consisting of one commissioner from Boston and one
from Cambridge.
This bridge was opened to the public September 1, 1891,
and has been in constant use since that date. The plank
upper floor was laid in 1889, and was in poor condition
when the bridge Avas opened, it was kept in repair until
October, 1892, when a new upper floor was laid at an ex-
pense of $3,533.51.
The electric cars of the West End fStreet Railway Com-
pany commenced running on the bridge August 15, 1892.
The centre of the })in of the draw has been stayed to the
track circle by rods.
The bridge is in good condition, except that it should be
thoroughly painted.
Huntington- AVENUE Bridge (over Boston &
Albany R.R.).
This is an iron bridge. It was built in 1872, and the
abutments were rebuilt in 1876-77. The wing walls of the
abutment should be pointed. The l)ridge is in good condi-
tion, but its surface should be regulated so as to conform to
a proper grade of the approaches. The iron-work needs
painting.
24 City Document No. 10.
Irvington-street Bridge (over Providence Division
Old Colony K.R.).
This is an iron footbridge, built in 1892. It should be
painted ; otherwise it is in good condition.
L-STREET Bridge.
(See page 78.)
Leyden-street Bridge (over Boston, Eevere Beach,
& Lynn R.E.).
This is an iron bridge, built in 1889. It needs painting,
and some small repairs to the wood- work ; otherwise it is in
good condition.
Linden Park-street Bridge (over Stony Brook).
This is a wooden bridge, built in 1887. It is in fair con-
dition,
LONGWOOD-A VENUE BrIDGE (fROM WaRD 22 TO
Brookline ) .
The city maintains the part within its limits. The j)resent
structure w^as built in 1877. This is a wooden bridge, on
wooden posts set in the ground. The posts which carry the
bridge are decaying near the surface of the ground. They
should be put in order ; otherwise the bridge is in fair con-
dition. The construction of the Riverdale Park, which the
bridge crosses, will hasten the removal of this bridge, which
is only a temporary structure.
*Malden Bridge (from Charlestown to Everett).
The original bridge was built in 1787. The present struct-
ure was built in 1875, and the draw was l3uilt in 1892.
The draw has been rebuilt in its original form, and the
electric cars now cross the bridge. The draw piers are old,
weak, and entirely too short ; the fender is in ruinous con-
dition. The fences are old and rotten. The paving is poor
in places.
Mattapan Bridge (from Ward 24 to Milton).
The city maintains the part within its limits. This is an
old iron bridge ; it is in a dangerous condition, and should
be replaced by a stone bridge.
Engineering Department. 25
* Meridian-street Bridge (from E. Boston to Chelsea).
This is a wooden pile-bridge, with a wooden turn-table
draw on a pile foundation. The original structure was built
in 1858. It was rebuilt soon afterwards ; was widened and
re1)uilt as at present in 1864, excepting the draw, which was
built in 1875-76. It has had only ordinary repairs, but is
in fair condition.
Milton Bridge (from Ward 24 to Milton).
The city maintains the part within its limits. The
original structure is very old; it was widened in 1871-72.
The older part of this bridge was built of stone, and the
widening is an iron structure on stone columns. One
sidewalk has been damaged, and the fence posts broken,
apparently by a team ; otherwise the bridge is in fair con-
dition.
* Mt. Washington-avenue Bridge (over Fort Point
Channel) .
This is a wooden pile-bridge, with ah iron draw. It was
built in 1854, and was rebuilt in 1870-71. A new sidewalk
has been built on the down-stream side, and from the draw
to South Boston on the up-stream side.
The draw pier is in poor condition, and is so low that it is
covered with water at every high course of tides. This is
the only draw of importance in the city that is moved by
hand power. The bridge is in fair condition.
* Neponset Bridge (from Ward 24 to Quincy) .
The city maintains the part within its limits. The
original structure was built in 1802 ; the present structure
in 1877. The lower draw-pier has been repaired, and other
small repairs made. The draw has been painted ; the
counterbalance end that is submerged in salt water at every
opening was not painted, and it is much wasted by rust.
The draw is too heavy to be handled by hand, and it should
be replaced by a turn-table draw. The bridge is in fair
condition ; the iron-work should be painted.
Neptune Road (over Boston, Revere Beach, &
Lynn R.R.).
This is an iron bridge, and was built in 1887-88. It is
maintained by the Park Department. It needs painting;
otherwise it is in good condition.
26 City Document No. 10.
Newton-street Bridge (over Providence Division Old
Colony E.K.).
This is an iron bridge, and was built in 1872, It is in
good condition.
* North Beacon-street Bridge (from Brighton to
Watertown).
The city maintains the part within its limits. This is a
Vv'ooden pile-bridge, with a wooden leaf-draw. The original
structure was built in 1822, and the present structure in
1884. It is in fair condition. Estimates have been made
for rebuilding and widening the waterways of the bridge,
the expense to be divided between Boston and Watertown.
* North Harvard-street Bridge (from Brighton to
Cambridge) .
The city maintains the parts within its limits. This
bridge was originally built in 1662, and was rebuilt in 1879.
The draw was rebuilt in 1891. The bridge is in good con-
dition, with the exception of the abutment to which attention
has been called in previous reports.
* Prison-point Bridge (from Charlestown to
Cambridge).
The city pays one-half of the cost of maintenance. This
bridge was originally built in 1833, and the present structure
was built in 187()-77. It is a wooden pile-bridge, with an
iron leaf-draw. This bridge is in the care of a commission,
consisting of one commissioner from Boston and one from
Cambridge. The bridge is in fair condition. The draw-
bridge is not convenient either for the [)assage of vessels or
for land travel ; it is raised with difficulty, works very slowly,
and is not in line with the centre of the channel. It will be
necessary to rebuild it on a different plan before many years,
in case the efforts to close the river to vessels are not suc-
cessful .
Public Garden Footbridge.
This is an iron bridge. It was built in 1867, and was
thoroughly repaired in 1887. The floor is worn and needs
renewal ; otherwise it is in good condition.
Engineering Department. 27
Shawmut-a VENUE Bridge (over Boston & Albany R.E.).
This is an iron bridge, and was built in 1871. The electric-
wire poles of the West End Street Railway Co. are so
placed as to make an unsightly bend in the ornamental
parapet. The bridge is in fair condition.
Spring-street Bridge (from Ward 23 to Dedham).
This is a stone bridge. The city maintains the part
within its limits. A new picket fence has been burlt the
whole leno-th of the bridge. The bridge is in aood condition.
Stony-brook Bridge (Back Bay Fens).
This is an ornamental brick arched bridge, with stone
facings, built in 181)1-2. It is not yet quite completed.
Swett-street Bridges (over South Bay Sluices).
These are wooden bridges, and were built in 1875. They
are temporary structures, and are in poor condition. The
road^vay in both bridges is safe, but the l>ulkheads that
support the adjoining sluices are very much out of shape,
and may require repairs at any time.
* Warren Bridge (from Boston to Charlestown).
This is a wooden pile-bridge, with a double iron draw. It
was originally built in 1828, and the present structure was
built in 1883-84. The sidewalk on the down-stream side is in
})oor condition, and the draws and draw piers are in but fair
condition. A building for the accommodation of the Bridge
Division has been erected, and electric cars have been run
over the bridge this year. Only temporary repairs have
been made, and the bridge is in generally fair condition.
* Western-avenue Bridge (from Brighton to
Cambridge).
The city maintains the part within its limits. The original
structure was l^uilt in 1824 ; the present structure was built
in 1879-80; the draw^ was rebuilt in 1891. The roadway
and draw are in good condition. The draw pier is too short ;
it needs replanking, and some repairs to the piling.
28 City Document No. 10.
* Western-avenue Bridge (from Brighton to
Watertown).
The city maintains the part within its limits. This is a
wooden pile-bridge. It was built in 1824 ; the present draw
was built in 1883 ; and the abutment was rebuilt in 1886.
(See page 84.)
*West Boston Bridge (from Boston to Cambridge).
The city pays one-half of the cost of maintenance. This is
a wooden pile-bridge, with wooden turn-table drav/. The
bridge was originally built in 1792-93, was rebuilt in 1854,
and repaired in 1871. This liridge is in the care of a
commission, consisting of one from Boston and one from
Cambridge. A new bulkhead has been built next the
Charlesbank. The bridge has been painted ; the roadway,
sidewalks, and fences are in good condition. The draw pier,
draw, and waterway will require repairs during the coming
season. (See page 83.)
West Chester-park Bridge (over Boston &
Albany R.E.).
This is an iron bridge, and was built in 1876. The fences
and iron-work require painting. The approaches should be
regraded, as has been recommended for several years past.
West Chester-park Bridge (over Providence
Division Old Colony E.E.).
This is an iron bridge, and was built in 1876. The iron-
work is rusty. The bridge should be stripped of wood-work,
cleaned, carefully examined, and painted.
West Rutland-square Footbridge (over Providence
Division Old Colony R.R.).
This is an iron bridge. It was built in 1882, and is in
good condition.
WiNTHROP Bridge (from Breed's Island to Winthrop).
This is a pile bridge, without a draw. It was originally
built in 1839, was rebuilt in 1851, and was extensively re-
paired in 1870. The bridge is old and poor, but is yet in
safe condition.
There are thirty-five highway bridges wholly supported
by railroad corporations.
Engineering Department. 29
Savin Hill Bridge, over the Old Colony Railroad at Savin
Hill, has been rebuilt, widened, and lengthened. The rail-
road has done all the work and assumed all the expenses, in-
cluding grade damages, and the city is to pay not more
than live thousand ($5,000) dollars to the railroad in consid-
eration of the bridoe beins; built to conform to the wideuins:
of Savin Hill avenue.
The following-named bridges have been strengthened so
that electric cars can cross them safely, and in some cases
other repairs have been made.
Broadway, over New York & New England R.R.
Dorchester avenue, over New York & New England R.R.
Fourth street.
Sixth street.
Washington street.
Centre-street or Hog Bridge, Providence Division Old
Colony R.R.
Cottage Farm Bridge, over the Boston & Albany R.R. ,
will probably be rebuilt in connection with the widening
of the avenue.
Harvard-street and Norfolk-street Bridges will probably be
rebuilt in connection with street widenings.
The remaining l^ridges are strong enough for ordinary
travel, and require no special mention.
I^HSCELLANEOUS WORK AND CONSTRUCTION
IN 1892.
Allston Bridge.
On March 28, 1892, a contract was made with the Boston
& Albany R.R. Co., for the construction of the abutments
and retaining-walls required for a bridge over the railroad
at Cambridge street, Allston.
The foundations of the abutments and retaining-walls are
10 feet in width and 4 feet deep, built of American cement
concrete. A footing-course of large rectangular granite
blocks two feet in thickness is laid upon the concrete base,
and upon this are built the abutments and retaining-walls, of
quarry-faced ashlar masonry, with joints not exceeding one
inch in width.
The bridge seat-courses are 5|- feet in width, 2 feet thick,
with their top surfaces rough pointed.
The retaining-walls are capped with a granite coping 3
feet in width, 2 feet thick, rough pointed on top, and dow-
elled to the course below with 1-inch iron dowels. The walls
are ballasted with quarry chips.
30 City Document No. 10.
The work of building the abutments was delayed on ac-
count of the difficulty of obtaining the stone from the quarry,
and the work was not completed until October 17.
On June 13, a contract was made with Messrs. Cofrode &
Saylor for the construction and erection of an iron bridge
across the railroad.
The bridge as built consists of one through span skewed
at each end, with four pin-connected trusses, to which the
floor system of the bridge is suspended. The floor of the
bridge is divided into a centre roadway 28 feet 6 inches wide
between centres of trusses, two side roadways varying in
width from 27 feet 6 inches to 29 feet 6 inches between
centre lines of trusses. A portion of each side roadway is
occupied by a sidewalk 7 feet 6 inches in width.
The trusses vary in length from 137 feet to 144 feet be-
tween centres of end pins, and are 22 feet in depth between
centres of top and bottom chord-pins.
The roadway stringers are 4-inch x 14-inch hard pine
spaced 2 feet 3 inches on centres. Roadway planking is in
two courses ; the under course of 4-inch spruce, the upper
course of 2-incli vulcanized spruce. The sidewalk planking
is 2-inch hard pine.
Contracts for doing the filling required to raise the streets
on either side of the railroad to the new grades were made
with the Boston & Albany R.R. on June 3, 1892, and with
Christopher McBride on August 1, 1892.
The Boston & Albany R.R. Co. commenced work on
the contract on August 6, and completed the same on Sep-
tember 24, depositing 26,577 cubic yards in Cambridge,
Lincoln, and Mansfield streets, on the north side of the
bridge, at 51 cents per cubic yard, and Christopher McBride,
between August G and October 24, deposited 17,478 cubic
yards in Cambridge and Linden streets and Highland avenue,
on the south side of the railroad, at 57 cents per cubic
yard.
For the finished surface of the streets about 2,000 cubic
yards of stone and gravel were furnished, watered, and
rolled by Neil McBride and Wm. Scollans, at a cost of
$2,469.76.
Buildings affected by the chano'es of o-rade have been
raised to conform to the revised grades, and the lots re-
graded ; new fences have been built on the lines of the streets,
edgestones reset, and gutters repaved.
The total amount expended to date is $107,743.06.
Of this amount the Boston & Albany E.R. Co. has paid
$40,000.
Engineering Department. 31
Boston Common.
Plans and specifications were made for reconstructing the
steps in Boston Common opposite Joy street, to improve
the descent. A bid from Austin Ford, of Cambridgeport, to
do the work for $550 was accepted August 17, and the work
was done in November.
Castle Island Bridge.
(See page 148.)
Charles-river Pollution.
In September and October, 1892, at the request of your
Honor, an examination of the Charles River was made, to
ascertain the nature and location of the sources of its pollu-
tion. Previous examinations of a similar nature had been
made by the State Board of Health (see Report dated Janu-
ary, 1876), and by the Massachusetts Drainage Commission
(see Report of 1886).
The sources of pollution found, and a few others, in-
formation concerning which was obtained by correspondence
with the local boards of health, are given in the list which
follows :
The list contains also a number of drains from manu-
facturing establishments, etc., which were not found to be
contaminating the river, but of which a record is of interest.
Factories in course of construction, or those which have
adopted means of preventing pollution, and sewers and
drains which have been abandoned, or which discharge
nothing but storm water, are included in the latter category.
Where pollution was observed, its nature is shown in the
fifth column of the table ; and where no pollution was ob-
served, the fifth column is left blank.
Several of the establishments and drains which were
polluting the river when the examination was made have
since ceased to do so. This is the case especially in
Waltham and Watertown, where the discharge has, in many
cases, been diverted into the local sewers which flow into
the South Metropolitan system. Other pollutions will
probably be diverted from the river in a few months. In
either of these cases, if the fact is known to this department,
it is noted in the column headed "Remarks added Januarv,
1893."
In cases where it is known that the State Board of Health
has discussed means of stopping the pollution, reference to
their discussion is made in the same column, which contains
also in some cases a note as to the obvious course to be
pursued in putting an end to the pollution.
32
City Document No. 10.
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33
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City Document No. 10
Remarks added
January, 1893.
Remarks.
Ordinary flow runs into
another sewer, whence it
goes to Moon Island.
Ordinary flow goes by an
18-in. pipe into the Pyn-
chon St. sewer, and so to
Moon Island.
Ordinary flow goes by a 9-
in. pipe into the Pynchon-
st. sewer, ;\nd so to Moon
Island.
Ordinary flow goes by a 10-
in. pipeiuto ttie Pynchon-
st. sewer, and so to Moon
Island.
Ordinary flow goes by a 10-
iii. pipe across the brook
and into the Stony-brook
Sewer in private land,
and so goes to Moon
Island.
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Storm overflow from 48-in. X
30-in. sewer in Pynchon st. .
Storm overflow from 18-in.
Storm overflow from 20-in. x
16-in. sewer in New Heath st.
Storm overflow from 39-in. X
30-in. sewer in Centre st. . .
Storm overflow from 35-in. X
27-in. sewer in Hoffmann St.,
Pynchon St., sewer overflow .
Pyncbou and Cedar sts., 18-in.
sev.'er overflow
Pynchon and New Heath sts.,
I5-iu. sewer overflow ....
Pynchon and Centre sts., 39-
in. X 36-in. sewer overflow .
Opposite Hoffmann st , 18-in.
X 20-in. sewer overflow . .
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Engineering Department.
63
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PfUNCtPAL 50U(lCfiB or POLLUrjEJN
Principal Sources of Pollution
Oct. 1892
Engineering Department.
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72 City Docibient No. 10.
Considered with reference to pollution, the Charles Kiver
may be divided into three portions : the upper river, includ-
ing everythiniz: above the mouth of Boggistere Brook in
Millis ; the middle portion : reaching from the mouth of
Boggistere Brook to the lower dam at Watertown ; and the
tidal portion, reaching from the Watertown Dam to Boston
Harbor.
The upper portion receives considerable sewage and
factory waste, in |)ro[)ortion to the natural flow of the
stream. The middle portion, except at its very lower end,
receives very little sewage, excei)t that from the upper divis-
ion of the river. The tidal portion receives a great pro-
portion of sewage, even considering the tidal Avater with
which it is twice a day flushed. The l)ed and banks of this
portion are very foul, and in some places are oflensive to
both sight and smell.
Starting at Milford, the upper division of the river is
bordered l)y Ilopedale, Belllngham, Franklin, Medway,
Norfolk, Millis, and Medfleld. In Franklin it receives the
waters of Mine Brook and in Norfolk of Mill River. In
Medfleld Stop River, and in Millis, Boggistere Brook enter
the main stream, coming from Norfolk and Holliston respec-
tively. This division of the river receives, directly or
through its tri]>utarics, nranufacturing waste from twenty-four
establishments, at eight of which wool is scoured. It receives,
also, the day sewage of about 1,938 operatives, and the
domestic sewage of a number of families, besides the discharge
from two sewers at Milford. The water, in several places
Avhere the total flow is small, notably in Boggistere Brook at
East Holliston, in Mine Brook at Franklin, and in the main
river at Milford, is quite foul. But, diluted by fre(j[uent
accessions of clean water, the appearance of the stream be-
comes very much improved as it approaches the mouth of
Boggistere Brook, the head of the second division.
As it flows thence, l)ordered by Sherborn, Dover, Natick,
the southern end of Wellesley, Needham, Dedham, West
Roxbury, and Newton, the stream receives but little sewage
and hardly any factory waste until it reaches the mouth of
Rosemary Brook in Wellesley, from which brook it receives
the day sewage of about 180 operatives in the Union Cycle
Works at Highland ville in Needham. At the Lower Falls
in the north-eastern part of Wellesley it receives waste from
a hosiery mill, a paper mill, and a shcxldy mill, and the day
sewage of about 193 operatives. A little factory waste
comes from the Newton side at this point. Weston con-
tributes but little that is objectionable. In October, when
the examination was made, Waltham, Watertown, and the
Engineering Department. 73
northern part of Newton discharged into the river a large
amount of ofl'ensive factory- waste , the day sewage of about
5,400 operatives, and the domestic sewage of about 93
families ; but a large part of the discharge from Watertown,
Waltham, and Newton has since been diverted into the
South ^Metropolitan Sewer.
The middle division of the river does not ap})ear to be
offensive to sight and smell, except between Waltham and
Watertown. Above Waltham the Avater, though brownish
in color, does not look unclean, and analyses reported by
the Stale Board of Health show that it is not very foul. The
offensiveness complained of above the dam at Watertown
must therefore ]je due principally to the sewage and factory
Avaste received from Waltham, Watertown, and the northern
])art of Newton, and when this discharge has l)een entirely
diverted into the Metro})olitan Sewer, as it soon will ])e, and
any existing deposits of filth have been removed from the
river, the nuisance above the dam will ])robably be al)ated,
so that the entire middle division of the river will be inoffen-
sive to the senses.
Needham, Dedham, Brookline, Newton, Wellesley, Wal-
tham, Watertown, and Belmont take their water supplies
from filter basins, filter galleries, or large wells on or near
the banks of this portion of the Charles. These supplies,
except that of Needham, are prol)ably sul)ject at times to the
}jercolation of river water. The works of Dedham, Brook-
line, and Ne^vton have also a direct connection with the river,
and the Wellesley works, with Rosemary Brook, for use in
emergencies. The aggregate })opulation of the cities and
towns which are supplied with ground water from the banks
of the middle portion of the Charles is al)out 75,000. Ice is
cut on the river at Waltham, and at Cow Island in West
Roxbury.^
The tidal portion of the river received in Octo))er from
Watertown consideralile factory and water-closet drainage ;
from Brighton the whole sewage of about 6,500 people and
the drainage of the Abattoir, the Trijjc Works, and a wool-
washing esta1:»lishment ; from Cambridge the sewage of
nearly the whole population and that of a part of Somer-
1 Note. — Other water-supplies taken from the Charles River water-shed are as
follows ; Milford aud llopedale are supplied from three wells ou the banks of the
Charles above all sources of pollution, liollistou takes its water from a well near an
uncontaminated pond on a l)ranch of Bopgisterc Brook, and Concord from Sandy
Pond in Linc(^ln, at the head-waters of the Weston Stony Brook. Cambridge has
built a storage liasin ou Stony Brook near its junction with the Charles. All the fore-
going arc in-obably free from pollution. Franklin's supply comes from a well near
Mine Brook lielow the village, where the brook is cei'tainly contaminated. Ice is i-ut
on Cedar Swamp Pond in Milford, which is contaminated by drainage from several
dwellings.
74 City Document No. 10.
ville,- besides the drainage of North's and Squire's pork-
packing houses. Charlestown contributed the sewage of
al)0ut 19,100 people; Boston proper tliat of, perhaps, 200
families ; and Koxbury and West Roxbury the sewage of 150
families, considerable sink-drainage, and a little factory-
waste.
Since October a part of the Watertown and Brighton sew-
age has been diverted into the Metropolitan Sewer, and nearly
all the rest, including the Abattoir drainage, will probably
be diverted before the summer of 1893. Boston is taking
measures to put an end to nearly all the pollution which
comes from the south bank of the river, but the sewage of
Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown cannot be diverted
until the North Metropolitan Sewer is ready to receive it.
The amount of sewage discharged into Charles River from
two of the Cambridge sewers, between Craigie's Bridge and
the West Boston Bridge, is probably as great as the sum of
all discharges of sewage or other filth into the whole river
above the latter point, but the volume of salt water with
which it is diluted is so very great that the river between
these bridges does not seem to be so foul as at other points on
the tidal stream where the discharge of sewage and the volume
of tidal water are both less. The most offensive place seems
to be at the North Beacon-st. Bridge just above the Brighton
Abattoir and one of the Brighton sewers, though above and
below the North Harvard-st. Bridge it is nearly as foul.
The filth in the bed of the river between the l^ridge at the
Arsenal and the Watertown Dam is probably for the most part
sewage and refuse brought up by the tide from the Brighton
and Old Cambridge sewers, and from the Brighton Abattoir,
and deposited at slack water. This deposition of filth may
be expected to diminish when the Brighton sewage and the
Abattoir drainage are diverted into the Metropolitan, and to
diminish still further when the Cambridge sewage is diverted.
The surface of the water between Cambridge and Boston-
is made unsightly by floating rulibish consisting of chips,
shavings, and small sticks, grass, paper, manure, dead
animals, and the like. A part of this rulibish is probably
unavoidably blown into the river, a part is thrown over-
board from vessels, but the greater part of it. prol)al)ly
comes from the numerous public and private dumps on the
banks of the river, and on the adjoining marshes. The
dumps at the rear of the Abattoir are especially objectionable
on account of the temptation they ofl'er for easily getting rid
of very foul refuse.
A large part of the rain water which falls on the streets of
Boston goes into the common sewers, and when the volume
CTTY OF BOSTON-ENCINEERINC DEPAKTMEMT.
SECTION PROHLES OF PROPOSED TUNNEL
CONHECTINC
BOSTON PROPER AND EAST BOSTON.
JAN. 1093.
5he£:t No. 2
f^aH.^
Engineering Department. 75
of water becomes too great to be taken care of by the inter-
cepting sewers, the sur})his is discharged into tide Avater by
means of the " storm overtiows ; " the street wash itself is
sometimes very uuiddy, and it takes with it the sewage with
which it has become mixed.
Cambridge and Charlestown, being also sewered on the
" combined " system, Avill have to adopt a like system of over-
flows when they make connection with the Mctro})olitan
Sewer. Therefore, even after tlic com[)lction of the Metro-
politan system, heavy storms must still produce some dis-
coloration and pollution of the water in the Charles-river
basin.
East Boston Tunnel.
In compliance with the following order, dated April 18,
1802, plans and estimates have been prepared for eight
diflcrent plans (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H) for a tunnel
connecting East Boston with the city })roper :
" Ordered, That the City Engineer be requested to prepare
plans for the construction of a tunnel from East Boston to
the city proper ; the expense thereof not to exceed one
thousand dollars, to be charged to the appropriation for
incidental expenses."
Proposed Routes.
No. 1 has been selected with especial reference to the
present street-car system ; it extends from the corner of
Hanover and Richmond streets in the city proper to the
corner of London and Decatur streets in East Boston, and is
almost a straiijht line throu<ihout its lenixth. Commcncinui;
at the corner of Hanover and Richmond streets, the line of
the tunnel passes under Prince, Garden Court, Fleet, Clark,
North, and Commercial streets, descending from Richmond
street to Commercial street by a five-per-cent. grade to tlie
latter street, where elevators connecting the tunnel with the
surface are proposed; thence by descending and ascending
grades of five per cent, or less under portions of Union
and Lincoln wharves, the channel, Maverick and Kelly's
wharves, to a point near the corner of Siamier and Liver-
pool streets, where elevators on the East Boston side of the
tunnel are proposed ; thence by an ascending grade of four
and three-quarters per cent, under Liverpool and INlaverick
streets, and along the west side of London street to Decatur
street.
No. 2 lies to the south of the previous route. It begins
in the city proper, at the corner of Commercial and Clinton
streets, and terminates at the corner of IMeridian and Paris
76 City Document No. 10.
streets in East Boston. Commencing at the corner of
Commercial and Clinton streets, the approach to the tunnel
passes at the present grades of the surface to the corner of
Cross and Fulton streets, where the tunnel descends by a
four-per-cent. grade under Richmond, Lewis, and Com-
mercial streets ; thence by descending and ascending grades
under Eastern avenue, Sargent's wharf, and the channel to
the South Ferry on the East Boston side of the harbor;
thence by an ascending grade of about three per cent, through
and under Lewis street, under Sumner street, Maverick
square, and Maverick street, to the intersection of Meridian
and Paris streets.
No. 3 lies to the south of both routes Nos. 1 and 2. It
begins on Commercial street, between State and Commerce
streets, and ends at the corner of Meridian and Paris streets
in East Boston. Commencing at Commercial street, the
tunnel passes ])y a four and one-tenth per cent, grade under
the block of Ijuildings lying l)ctween State and Commerce
streets ; thence by the same descending grade under Atlantic
avenue and portions of Long, T, and Commercial wharves to
the pier line ; thence by descending and ascending grades
under the channel to the South Ferry on the East Boston
side of the harl>or ; and thence by a three and one-tenth per
cent, ascending grade through and under Lewis street, under
Sumner street, Maverick square, and jVIaverick street to the
intersection of Meridian and Paris streets.
Plans.
Plan A contem])lates a single tunnel with inclined ap-
proaches on Route "No. 1," and is designed for two lines of
street cars and a walk ten feet wide for pedestrians, with
passenger elevators on both sides of the water, near the pier
lines.
This tunnel will be about live thousand feet long, and Avill
cost, including land damages, $3, 315,000 ; the land damages
being estimated at |710,d00.
-PZcm i? contemplates two tunnels with inclined aj^i^roaches
under the channel on Route "No. 1," each tunnel being de-
signed for a sin2:le street-car line and a walk six feet wide
for pedestrians, with passenger elevators on both sides of the
water, near the pier lines.
This tunnel will l)e about five thousand feet long, and will
cost, including land damages, $3,996,000 ; the land damages
being estimated at $710,000.
Plan G contemplates the single larger passenger tunnel on
the harbor portion of Route " No 1 ; " but instead of having
the inclined approaches, there are sets of three passenger and
Engineering Department. 77
three street-car lifts at each end of the tunnel, — one on Com-
mercial street in the city proper, and the other on Sumner
street, near Liverpool street, in East Boston.
This tunnel will be about two thousand five hundred feet
lono;, and will cost, including land damages, $2,430,000 ; the
land damages being estimated at $147,000.
Plan D is the same as Plan C, except that it contemplates
two smaller passenger tunnels, instead of the single larger
one. This tunnel will be about two thousand five hundred
feet long, and will cost, including land damages, $2,974,000 ;
the land damages being estimated at $147,000.
Plan ^contemplates a single tunnel Avith a roadway 27 feet
wide, having inclined approaches at each end on Route " No.
2," and is designed for carriages and teams solely. It will
be about five thousand nine hundred feet long, and will cost,
including land damages, $4,026,000 ; the land damages being
estimated at $1,175,000.
Plan F is the same as Plan E, except that it contemplates
two tunnels instead of a single one, each tunnel having a
roadway 18 feet wide. It will be about five thousand nine
hundred feet long, and will cost, including land damages,
$4,973,000 ; the hmd damages being estimated at $1,200,000.
Plan G contemplates a single tunnel, with a roadway 27
feet wide, having inclined approaches at each end on Route
'^No. 3," and is designed for carriages and teams solely.
This tunnel will be aliout five thousand nine hundred feet
long, and will cost, including land damages, $3,875,000 ;
the land damages being estimated at $1,115,000.
Plan TI \fi the same as Plan G, except that it contemplates
two smaller tunnels instead of the single larger one. This
tunnel will be about five thousand nine hundred feet long,
and will cost, including land damages, $4,775,000 ; the land
damages being estimated at $1,115,000.
The above estimates have been based on an iron tunnel
lined with brick, and provision has been made for the use of
compressed air and the l)uilding of proper shields for driv-
ing the headings.
No borings have been made, as the amount of the appro-
priation was not sufiicient for that purpose ; and the plans
have necessaril}^ been made on the assumption that the mate-
rial to be encountered would be of a 3delding nature, like
gravel or clay.
If desired, the tunnels on Routes " Nos. 2 and 3 " could be
built for foot passengers and car trafiic ; the estimated cost
being practicalh" the same as for the teaming tunnels. It
would also be possible to build on either of the three routes
both passenger-trafiic and teaming-traffic tunnels.
78 City Document No, 10.
Electric Lighting.
Several estimates have lieen prepared of tlie cost of esta] )-
lisbing and maintaining an electric-lighting plant for the city.
Messrs. Stone & Webster were engaged as Consulting Engi-
neers.
The details of the estimate are given in City Doc. 48,
1893.
Ferry Department.
The work on the foundation for the head-house and rebuild-
ing part of two ferry-piers at the East Boston landing of the
North Ferry, which was begun October 24, 1891, by Nay &
Ellis, as mentioned in the last report, was resumed April 19,
1892, and the work was completed August 1 ; the cost of
the contract work was $9,449.
Plans and s})eciiications were made for an additional drop
foundation and the contract for doing the work, except fur-
nishing the piles, was awarded, June 27, to Nay & Ellis.
The work was finished in July, at a cost for contract work of
$1,640.
Plans and specifications have been made for changing the
location of the head-house and rebuilding two ferry-piers at
the Boston landing of the North Ferry.
L-street Bridge.
The following act was passed by the Legislature of 1892 :
[Chap. 12.]
An Act to extend the time for building a public highway
• bridge across the reserved channel in south boston.
Beii enacted, etc., asfollou's:
Section 1. The time for completing the bridge across the reserved
channel on the South Boston flats in tlie city of Boston, authorized by
chapter tliree hundred and eight^^-eight of the acts of the year eighteen
hundred and ninety-one, is hereby extended to the thirty-first day of
December in the year eighteen hundred and ninety-two ; and if said
bridge is completed before said day the Commonwealth shall reimburse
said city the ]5ortion of the cost thereof provided for in said act, the
same as if said bridge had been (completed before the first day of
August in the year eighteen hundred and ninety-two.
Sect. 2. This act shall take effect upon its passage.
l^Apxirovcd February 13, 1892.
On the approval of this act the contract for building the
L-strcet Bridge between the abutments, with the exception
of the iron draw, was awarded to William L. Miller, of Bos-
ton, the lowest bidder, for $91,743; the bridge to be
finished December 1. The work was begun February 29,
and was completed October 12, 1892.
Engineering Department. 79
The bridge is 60 feet wide between fences, and is built of
hard-pine timber on an oak-pile foundation. There are two
sidewalks, each 8 feet wide, covered with asphalt on a base
of coal-tar concrete. The roadway is 44 feet wide, except
at the draw, where it is divided into two roadways, each ol
19 feet in width. The roadway is covered with 6-inch hard-
pine floor ; this is coated with an asphalt compound ; on this
a layer of fine coal-tar concrete, 3 inches thick and rolled;
above this is a granite-block paving laid on a bed of sand,
having the joints filled with pebbles and run with hot paving-
cement.
There are two piers and a wharf on the Congress-street side
of the channel, and fender guards on the L- street side. The
drawway is 40 feet in width, and is planked vertically.
There is one draw of the retractile type, having three
lines of girders, the middle line dividing the roadway into
two parts. The width between centres of outside girders is
53 feet ; the space along the middle of the draw occupied by
the middle girders and fenders is 4 feet ; there are two side-
walks of 5 feet 6 inches each, and two roadways of 19 feet
each.
Each line of girders is composed of two non-continuous
plate girder-spans, one of which spans the channel ; the
other, or rear span, being supported on trucks running on
tracks built on the draw foundation.
When the draw is in position for travel, the front end of
the channel span rests on shoe plates on the draw landing of
the main bridge, the other end being attached to and sup-
ported by the rear span by a pin connection. When the
draw is in motion or run off, the front end of the channel
span is supported by suspension rods passing over Samson
posts on the rear span to back end of this span, proper
counter-balances of cast-iron boxes filled with lead being-
provided where necessary.
The draw is operated by steam power ; the draw and ma-
chinery for operating it were designed by this department.
The contract for building and erecting the draw was made
August 3, with the King Bridge Company, of Cleveland,
Ohio, for 19,970. The first load of iron arrived at the
bridge October 18, and the draw was completed November
15.
The draw-tender's house, which is on the Congress-street
side of the channel, was built by Thomas Keyey, of South
Boston; ,the engine-house was built b}^ William Miller; the
trucks were furnished l)y Charles Carr, of Boston ; the ma-
chinery was built by Miller & Shaw, of Cambridge.
The cost of the bridge, draw, buildings, machinery, etc..
80 City Document No. 10.
but not including the abutment or wing walls, was $119,-
572.38. The sum of $50,166.21 has been paid to the City
by the Commonwealth, as provided by Chapter 388 of the
Acts of 1891, and Chapter 12 of the Acts of 1892.
The bridge has not yet been opened to travel.
L-STREET Bridge Abutment.
(See page 163.)
L-street Bridge Retaining-walls.
(See page 163.)
Malden-bridge Draw.
(See page 163.)
ROXBURY-CANAL SeA-WALL.
(See page 163.)
Rapid Transit.
The investigations of the Rapid Transit problem have
been continued.
Robert G. Shaw Monument.
The following orders were passed by City Council :
Ordered, That permission be and hereby is granted for the
location, under the supervision of the Superintendent of Pub-
lic Grounds, of a monument in honor of Colonel Robert G.
Shaw, on Boston Common, in front of the State House, and
between the Beacon street mall and the sidewalk on Beacon
street.
Further Ordered, That the sum of $19,500 be and hereby
is appropriated for the construction of a suitable base and
pedestal for said monument ; said sum to be expended under
the direction of the City Engineer, and to be charged to the
special appropriation heretofore made for statues of Grant,
Sheridan, and Farragut.
And in compliance with them, after several consultations
with City Architect Edmund M. Wheel wi'ight, conferences
were had with Messrs. John M. Forbes, Henry Lee, Martin
P. Kennard, and Edward Atkinson, a committee having
charge of the monument, with Mr. Augustus St. Gaudens,
the sculptor, and with Messrs. McKim, Mead, & White, the
architects of the pedestal. It was thought that there was a
ENmNEERTNG DEPARTMENT. 81
possibility that the building of the monument as proposed
might cause injury to the two trees enclosed by it, and in
reply to the question raised the following correspondence
was forwarded to me :
Boston, July 27, 1892.
M. P. Kennard, Esq. :
Dear Sir : Herewith I beg to present to you the plans
and specifications for the proposed monument to Col. R. G.
Shaw.
In explanation of them, I wish to say that the plans have
been drawn carefully with regard to the preservation of the
two elm-trees on the site. The walls are supported by piers
and arches, so as to keep the roots of the trees from being-
damaged, while suitable openings are provided for the inlet
of rain-water and air. I enclose letters from Messrs Henry
S. Codman, H. H. Hunnewell, and C. S. Sargent, whose
indorsement of the scheme proposed ought to be, in my
opinion, satisfactory evidence of its feasibility.
With regard to the specification, I beg to say that, accord-
ing to information received from Mr. William Jackson, the
City Engineer, the form of the contract and specification will
have to be arranged in his ofiice, in accordance with the rules of
the city ; therefore the specification presented, while contain-
ing all the requirements I consider necessary'- for the construc-
tion, is to be regarded as an explanation of my views on the
subject, which I wish to see embodied in the contract.
In conclusion, I beg to say that although the superintend-
ence of the work is to be done by Mr. William Jackson, the
City Engineer, I reserve the right of the artistic superin-
tendence of the work for myself or representative.
I remain.
Yours respectfully,
(Signed) Augustus St. Gaudens.
Accompanying this : 1 specification, 2 letters, 8 drawings.
BrooivLine, Mass., June 17, 1892.
My dear Sir : I have examined the plans and specifi-
cations for the proposed terrace to be built on Beacon street,
opposite the State House in Boston, to support the Shaw
monument, with reference to its probable effect upon two
large elm-trees, the trunks of which you wish to enclose in
the structure.
82 City Document No. 10.
If the terrace walls are supported on iron beams resting on
masonry piers, or upon arches so that the roots of the trees
may have an opportunity to extend freely beyond the area to
l)e occupied by the structure, and if the grade of the bank on
which the trees now stand is not altered either by removing
or by adding soil to it, I see no reason why the trees should
suffer. The open spaces around the trunks which you pro-
pose will allow the water falling on the surface of the terrace,
if this is graded properly, to reach the roots of the trees,
and the openings in the side and rear walls of the terrace
will furnish ventilation to the enclosed ground.
I believe, therefore, that the terrace can be built, if the
slio'lit modifications I have suooested in the construction of
the foundations are made, without impairing the health or
shortening the lives of the trees.
Yours very truly,
(Signed) C. S. Sargent.
A. St. Gaudens, Esq.
June 22, 1892.
My dear St. Gaudens : I saw Mr. Hunnewell Sunday,
and explained to him as well as I could what your plan was
in regard to the Shaw monument. He said that his expe-
rience in filling up with soil about trees had been an unfortu-
nate one, but that if you left the space entirely open under
the floor, as you propose to do, he thought there would be
little damage. He expressed his opinion that great care
should be used in digging the foundations for the piers which
carry the monument, and which carry the walls of the ter-
race, to cut as few of the roots as possible, and that, where
necessary, bridge stones should be used to preserve the
roots.
Our opinion, as I have already expressed to you verbally,
and as I have no doubt Mr. Olmsted would were he here, is
a very similar one : that if proper precautions are taken, we
do not think any injury will be done to the trees. We can-
not urge too strongly that great care should be taken not to
cut the roots in building the foundations.
We think that the gratings about the trees should be as
large as is consistent with your design of seats, and that the
floor of the terrace should be sloped in such a way that the
water fallino- on it will drain to these oratino-s. The trees
will thus get water in about the normal quantity, and if
some precaution is taken to prevent this water from imme-
diately flowing down the bank, we think they wdll thrive as
well as they do now. It would be a good opportunity to
Engineering Department. ^3
enrich the soil, and this should not be forgotten, nor should
the ventilation which was suggested.
Yours very truly,
(Signed) Henry Sargent Codman.
Mr. Augustus St. Gtaudens, 148 West 36th Street, New
Yorh, JSr. Y. :
Dear Sir : Agreeably to your request, I will here say
that the above letter of Mr. Codman's is in conformity with
the conversation I had with him in regard to the proposed
plan of the Shaw monument, and that I fully concur with
hiin in the opinion that no appreciable injury will be caused
to the trees if the proper precautions, as suggested, are
taken in doing the work. Great care will be necessary
in protecting their roots when digging for the foundations,
and to avoid making any change in the present level of the
ground by filling up around the trees with soil or any other
material.
Yours truly,
(Signed) H. H. Hunnewell.
Wellesley, June 29.
Upon the receipt of the above, the preparation of the con-
tracts and specifications was commenced. Bids were invited
from several parties, approved by IMr. St. Gaudens and by
the Messrs. McKim, Mead, & White, and the contract was
awarded to Norcross Brothers, of Worcester, Mass., the low-
est bidder, at $17,980. It is hoped that the monument will
be completed during the coming summer.
West Boston Bridge.
A contract was made with John L. P. Ackers, of Cam-
l)ridge, in June, 1892, for painting the fences, gates, and
draw of West Boston Bridge with two coats of pure white-
lead and raw linseed-oil. The total length of fences painted
on the bridge, exclusive of the draw, was 4,329 feet; the
length of the draw being 141 feet. The contract price for
doing the work w^as $429.50, one-half of which was paid by
the city of Cambridge.
A contract was made with Gore & Co win June 20, 1892,
for paving the roadway of West Boston Bridge from the
draw to the Boston abutment, with the exception of about
112 feet in length by 11 feet in width and the space between
the street-car rails.
Such old blocks as were found suitable were used in the
84 City Document No. 10.
new work, all others beins: new blocks and furnished by the
contractor. The cost of the work was $936.65, one-half of
which was paid by the city of Cambridge.
Western-avenue or Arsenal-street Bridge (to
Watertown) .
Plans and estimates have been made in previous years
for rebuilding this bridge in order to do away with the sharp
angle which the opening for the passage of vessels makes
with the channel, thus making it very inconvenient for the
passage of vessels through the draw ; but the town of Water-
town, not wishing to cooperate with the city in doing the
work, has made it necessary to delay the same from year
to year.
In September, 1890, Congress passe.d an act whereby the
sum of $20,000 was appropriated for dredging the Charles
River above the Western-avenue Bridge, provided, however,
that the draws in the Western-avenue and North Beacon-
street Bridges be made to conform to the projected channel
without cost to the United States.
Accordingly plans were made by this department for
rebuilding the bridges so as to have the drawways conform
to the projected channel, and these were approved by the
Secretary of War, July 20, 1892.
Whereas, By an act of Congress approved September 19, 1890, en-
titled "An act making appropriations for the construction, repair, and
presei'vation of certain public works on rivers and harbors, and for
other purposes," the sum of twenty thousand dollars was appropriated
for continuing the impi'ovement of Charles river, at Boston, Massachu-
setts, to be expended under the direction of the Secretary of War ; and
Whereas, It is provided by the said act of Congress that no expendi-
ture of said twenty thousand dollars shall l)e made until th e draws
in the Arsenal-street and Market-street bridges shall be made to con-
form to the projected channel, without cost to the United States ; and
Whereas, The city of Boston, Massachusetts, has submitted to the
Secretary of War, for his examination and approval, plans for rebuild-
ing the drawways in the Market-street and Arsenal-street bridges
across Charles river, at Boston, ]\Iassachusetts, so as to make the draw-
ways conform to the projected channel ; now.
Therefore, I, Stephen B. Elkins, Secretary of War, having examined
and considered the said plans, wliich are hereto attached, do hereby
approve the same, subject, however, to the following condition :
That the engineer officer of the United States Army, in charge of the
district within which the bridges ai'e located, may supervise their alter-
ation, in order that said plans shall be complied with.
Witness my hand this twentieth day of July, 1892.
(Signed) S. B. Elkins,
Secretary of War.
Engineering Department, 85
The Conditions of this Instrument are hereby accepted by the
city of Boston, INIassachusetts, by its Mayor, thei'eimto lawfully author-
ized, this fourteenth day of July, 1892.
(Signed) N. Matthews, Jr.,
In presence of
(Signed) Nathaniel II. Taylor.
(Signed) James A. McKibben.
Mayor.
Previous to the rebuilding of the bridge the abutment on
the Watertown side was rebuilt by that town ; plans being
furnished hy this department. A contract was made Sep-
tember 12, 1892, with Trumbull & Kyan, of Boston and
Lawrence, for doing the work, the contract price being
$1,639.39.
The plans for rebuilding the bridge call for a wooden
pile-bridge 33 feet wide between fences, and a sidewalk 8
feet wide on the down-stream side of the bridge, the pier
forming an angle of 50° with the street, and a clear width
of opening for the passage of vessels of 36 feet.
October 25, 1892, a contract was made with Benj. Young,
of Chelsea, for doing the work, which was commenced Novem-
ber 1, 1892, and was nearly completed early in January, 1893,
when, owing to the severity of the weather, the contractor
was unable to prosecute the work with diligence, and will
be unable to complete the work until the ice breaks up in
the river.
January 7, 1893, a contract was made with the Boston
Bridge Works for furnishing an iron swing-draw 29 feet
in width, including a 6-foot sidewalk on the down-stream side
of the bridge ; to be erected on the oak-pile foundation al-
ready built. The draw is now in process of construction at
the shops of the Boston Bridge Works. The contract price
for doing the work is $9,250.
86 City Document No. 10.
B.
[FKOM THE CITY ENGINEER'S REPORT TO THE BOSTON
WATER BOARD.]
Sir : I hereby submit the following report of the work
done and records kept during the past year, for your Board :
Sources of Supply.
The rainfall during the past year was the smallest since
1883, and the percentage collected was also unusually small.
The storage in the several lakes and reservoirs was gradually
reduced during the summer and fall months until November,
when all fears of a short supply were removed by the large
rainfall during that month.
The rainfall and quantities collected on the several water-
sheds Avere as follows :
Sudbury.
Cochituate.
Mystic.
Rainfall in inches
41.83
39.04
39.115
" collected in
inches
16.456
15.35
15.98
Daily average yield
of water-shed, gal-
lons
58,753,000
13,753,500
20,390, 7(
The quality of the water from all the supplies has been
as good as usual, and the supply from Sudbury river is
gradually being improved.
The condition of the dilferent reservoirs during the year is
given below.
Reservoir No. 1. — Water was wasting at the dam from
January 3 to April 15, and from May 12 to June 7.
No water was wasted for the balance of the year, except
during six days in November and ten days in December,
other than the daily flow of one and a half million gallons
required by law.
The dam is in good condition.
Reservoir JSFo. 2. — Water was flowing over the dam
almost constantly from January 4 to July 10. From this
date till August 18 the surfiice of this reservoir was gradu-
Engineering Department. 87
ally lower, and at the latter date was at grade 161.36, or
5.76 feet below the top of the flash-boards.
During the lialaiice of the year the surface of this reser-
voir rose and fell, reaching its lowest point on November 10,
when it was 7.58 feet below the top of flash-boards; on
January 1, 1890, it was 4.08 below.
The dam of Reservoir 2 is in good condition.
Reservoir No. 3. — The water in this reservoir was 8.05
feet below the crest of the dam on January 1, but was flow-
ing over the crest on January 18, and continued to do so
almost constantly until the last of June. From this date
the surface gradually fell until August 26, when it was 6.20
feet below the crest of the dam. This was the lowest point
reached during the year. On January 1, 1893, it stood at
grade 171.58, or 3.66 feet below the crest of the dam. The
dam of this reservoir is in good condition.
Ileservoir JSTo. 4. — The surface of the water in this res-
ervoir was 6.36 feet below the crest of the dam, on January
1, but had filled to overflowing on January 21, and contin-
ued in this condition until August 16, when the gates were
opened to furnish a portion of the supply for the city.
From this date the water gradually fell to grade about
185.34, or 28.87 feet below the crest of the dam, when the
outlet gate was closed. On January 1, 1893, the water had
risen to grade 194,22, or 19.99 feet below the crest of the
dam. The dam at Reservoir 4 is in good condition.
Farm Pond. — The water in this pond has been kept at
an average height of 148.92 aljovc tide marsh level. The
conduit through the pond was used all the year except from
May 14 to July 20, and from August 18 to August 30,
when the supply was drawn through the pond.
The Framingham Water Company has pumped 82,800,000
gallons from the pond, an average of 226,200 gallons per day.
Lahe Cochituate. — On January 1 the water in this lake
was 7.02 feet below high- water mark, and the lake did not
fill until May 4. Water was wasting at dam on May 20 to
24, and May 26 to 28, inclusive.
The lake continued near high-water mark until the latter
part of June when it began to tall, and continued to do so
with great regularity until Noveml^er 13, when it was 6.80
feet below high-water mark.
The lowest point reached was on December 8, when it was
6.91 feet below high water.
No water was drawn from the lake after December 10, and
on January 1, 1893, the surface was at grade 128.41, or 5.95
feet below hi^h water. The dams are in good condition.
88
City Document No. 10.
Water has been drawn from the different reservoirs as
follows :
Reservoir No. 1.
January 9 to 11, inclusive.
January 14 to 17.
January 22 to 24
January 28 to 30.
February 4 to 7.
February 11 to 14.
February 18 to 21.
February 25 to 28.
March 3 to 6.
March 10 to 13.
March 16 to 20.
March 24 to 27.
March 29 to July 19.
Reservoir No. 2.
January 1 to 5.
August 26 to 27.
September 1 to 9.
September 13 to Novem-
ber 14.
November 18.
November 21.
November 26 to 27.
November 29.
December 9 to 10.
December 13 to 17.
Reservoirs Nos. 2 and 3.
July 20 to August 25.
August 28 to 31.
September 10 to 12.
November 5 to 17.
November 19 to 20.
November 23 to 25.
November 30 to Decem-
ber 4.
December 7 to 8.
December 11 to 12.
The heights of water in the various storage reservoirs on
the first day of each month are given on page 89.
Engineering Department.
89
Reservoirs.
Farm
Pond.
Lake
COCHITO-
ATE.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
Top of
Flash-
boards.
159.29
Top of
Flash-
boards.
167.12
Crest
of
Dam.
175.24
Crest
of
Dam.
215.21
High
Water.
149.25
Top of
Flash-
boards.
134.36
January 1, 1892
February 1, "
March 1, "
April 1, "
Mayl, "
June 1, "
Julyl, "
August 1, "
September 1, "
October 1, "
November 1, "
December 1, "
January 1, 1893
157.20
157.86
158.00
157.95
155.72
159.54
156.84
156.70
156.35
156.89
156.22
157.60
157.44
163.55
166.10
166.15
166.23
167.21
167.69
167.38
162.63
164.79
165.83
159.70
165.71
163.04
167.19
175.49
175.58
175.64
175.05
175.57
174.89
171.04
169.60
169.88
170.14
173.51
171.58
207.85
214.42
214.49
214.56
214.78
214.58
215.31
214.43
210.55
199.68
187.40
190.66
194.22
148.99
148.50
148.65
149.14
149.00
149.21
149.45
149.05
148.95
148.89
148.55
148.81
148.63
127.34
130.09
130.27
132.75
134.17
134.23
133.83
132.23
130.84
129.51
127.98
127.75
128.41
Aqueducts and Distributing Eeservoirs.
The Sudbuiy-river aqueduct has been used 322 days, and
the Cochituate has been used 342 days, conveying water
to the distributing reservoirs. The former has delivered
9,633,200,000 gaUons into Chestnut-hill and Brookline reser-
voirs, equal to a daily supply of 28,800,000 gallons ; and the
Cochituate aqueduct has delivered 5,464,800,000 gallons, or
14,930,000 gallons per day. For 44 days the Sudbury
aqueduct has also conveyed water to Lake Cochituate, de-
livering 902,400,000 gallons into the lake.
A nearly uniform depth of six and one-half feet was main-
tained in the Cochituate aqueduct while in use. The
aqueduct was not used after December 10, on account of
excavations under it by the city of Newton.
The rate of flow in the Sudbury aqueduct was varied from
day to day to maintain the desired depth of water in the
distribution reservoirs. Both aqueducts were cleaned as
usual during the year.
The Chestnut-hill, Brookline, Fisher-hill, Parker-hill,
00 City Document No. 10.
and East Boston reservoirs and the Breed's-island water-
tower are in good condition.
I renew the recommendations made in the last annual re-
port in regard to Chestnut-hill and South Boston reservoirs,
and the water-tower on Bellevue hill.
High-Service Pumping-Stations.
At Chestnut hill the pumping-engines and boilers are in
excellent condition. It has been necessary to run the
pumps much above their rated capacity, and although the
normal capacity of each pump is 8,000,000 gallons in 24
hours, Engine No. 2 has pumped over 11,000,000 gallons
in 24 hours with apparent safety.
A duplicate dynamo and engine has been added to the
lighting plant, which is now located in a wooden extension
built in the rear of the boiler-room.
The foundations for Engine No. 3 are nearly completed,
and the work of building the engine is progressing rapidly.
The table on page 130 shows in detail the work done by
the pumping-engines and boilers during the year.
Enoine No. 1 was used 3,976#
hours, pumping . . . 1,569,863,445 gallons.
Engine No, 2 was used 3,7581
hours, pumpmg . . . 1,480,154,830 "
Total amount pumped . . . 3,050,018,275 "
Total amount coal consumed . 3,548,105 pounds.
Percentage, ashes and clinkers . 8.5
Average lift in feet . . . 126.27
Quantity pumped per lb. of coal . 859.6 gallons.
Daily average amount pumped . 8,333,400 "
The amount pumped is an increase of 14.7 per cent, over
that of 1891.
The boilers have been run alternately, one boiler being
sufficient to furnish the steam for lighting and heating the
pumping-station and other buildings near it, besides that
required for pumping.
Cost of Pumping.
Salaries ....
Fuel
Kepairs ....
Oil, waste, and packing
Small supplies
$10,150 40
7,490 76
192 48
574 95
352 48
Total $18,761 07
Engineering Department. 91
Cost per million gallons raised one foot high, $0,049.
Cost per million gallons pnmped to reservoir, $6.15.
At the West Koxbury pumping-station, 33,588,675 gal-
lons have been pumped, or a daily average of 91,800 gal-
lons, an increase of 39.1 per cent, over the amount pumped
in 1891.
At the East Boston pumping-station an average of 18,400
gallons per day has been pumped into Breed's island water-
tower, an increase of 36.3 per cent, over the amount
pumped in 1891.
Since July 22 w^ater has been pumped daily into the
East Boston reservoir during the daytime to furnish an
additional head for the high-service district. The check-
valve with bypass, against which the pumps work, is
weighted to give about 20 pounds additional pressure on the
mains while pumping. About 400,000 gallons were pumped
daily for this service.
The small pump that was formerly used at the Brighton
pumping-station is badly worn, and requires a good deal of
attention to keep it in running order. The two larger
pumps can be maintained in good condition with ordinary
repairs.
Mystic Lake.
Water was wasted over the dam almost constantly from
January 14 to June 7, and from June 27 to July 7. From
this date the surface of the lake gradually fell until it was
6.72 feet below high water on November 1 ; this was the
lowest point reached during the year.
During November it filled to within 2.70 feet of high
water, and on January 1, 1893, the lake was eighteen
inches below high-water mark. The pumps were placed in
position to pump water into the conduit in October, but the
November rains raised the level of the lake before it became
necessary to use them.
One of the rain-gauges used in the calculation of the yield
of the water-shed was moved from Symmes Corner to the
north rescrvoii', Winchester, on September 1.
Mystic Valley Sewer.
The pump was run 346 days during the year, working
6,142| hours, and has pumped 134,576,100 gallons of sew-
age, an average of 389,500 gallons per day of pumping.
The amount pumped is 12.9 per cent, more than was
pumped in 1891.
The total amount of sulphate aluminum used during the
year was 338,065 lbs., and 182.9 tons of coal were used in
pumping.
I
92 City Document No. 10.
Mystic Conduit and Reservoir.
The conduit is in good condition, except that a new gate
should be phiced on the blow-off pipe.
Both divisions of the reservoir were cleaned in June. The
brick paving on the slopes was found to be in better condi-
tion than it was at the time of the previous cleaning, and but
few repairs were necessary.
There are serious objections to the method now used for
cleaning the reservoir, and to remedy it a drain should be
laid to the Mystic river, through which the deposits that
collect in the reservoir can be flushed ; or sufficient time
should be allowed for the deposits to dry, so that they can
be hoisted over the banks.
If the flushing method be continued, the concrete bottom
of the reservoir should be renewed, as it is now badly disin-
tegrated. I renew the recommendation that new sills and
grooves for the screens be placed in the screen-chamber, and
that the roof of the chamber be raised to facilitate the chang-
ing of the screens.
Mystic Pumping-Station.
The increased consumption has required that in addition
to the 8,000,000-gallon pump, one of the smaller pumps be
run several hours nearly every day, thus reducing the duty
obtained in 1891.
The running of Pumping-engine No. 1, which was built in
1864, is neither satisfactory nor economical; the pump has
outlived its usefulness. New fronts have been placed on
boilers Nos. 1, 2, and 3, and the Lamprey attachment for
heating the feed- water has been placed inside the fire doors.
I renew the recommendations made in the last report,
which have not been carried out.
Engine No. 1 was in use 669^
hours, pumping . . . 131,022,700 gallons.
Engine No. 2 was in use 3,897|
hours, pumping
Engine No. 3 was in use 8,042^
hours, pumping
Total amount pumped .
Total amount coal consumed
Percentage ashes and clinkers
Average lift in feet
Quantity pumped per lb. of coal
Average duty of engines per 100
lbs. of total coal, no deduction . 56,709,000 ft. lbs.
799,198,200 "
2,666,495,500 "
3,596,716,400 "
7,873,000 pounds.
10.2
148.84
456.8 gallons.
Engineering Department.
93
Daily average amount pumped . 9,827,100 gallons.
The amount pumped was an increase of 8.8 per cent, over
that of 1891.
Cost of PtnviriNG.
Salaries $9,613 93
Fuel . . . .
Kepairs
Oil waste and packing .
Small supplies
Total .
14,294 22
511 09
744 51
348 44
525,512 19
10.048
7.09
Cost per million gallons raised one foot high .
Cost per million gallons pumped to reservoir .
The table on page 131 shows in detail the work done by
the pumping-engines during the year.
Consumption.
The daily average consumption for 1892, and a comparison
with that of 1891, is shown by the following table :
January . .
February .
March . .
April . . .
May . . .
June . . .
July . . .
August
September
October . .
November
December .
Average
COCHITUATE.
3 "a
SO
36,756,400
38,881,500
38,395,100
37,171,000
37,055,900
41,564,000
45,738,100
45,031,600
45,261,000
44,626,700
41,347,800
43,766,400
41,312,400
° 2 ,-;
98.7
104.3
108.1
104.0
101.3
109.9
117.1
114.1
111.3
114.9
112.8
118.3
109.6
Mystic.
0.0
io
o
O
9,878,200
10,332,200
9,970,.500
9,145,000
9,204,900
10,140,300
10,702,900
9,751,500
9,549,400
9,340,500
9,230,000
10,473,700
9,810,800
'toa
o o g?
SOS
Ph
105.2
109.1
113.2
113.7
104.1
107.0
111.7
106.9
104.6
100.9
107.5
116.9
108.3
Combined
Supplies.
go
a
o
O
46,634,600
49,213,700
48,365,600
46,316,000
46,260,800
51,710,300
56,441,000
54,783,100
54,810,400
53,967,200
.50,577,800
54,240,100
51,123,200
5pa
Cm
100.0
105.3
109.1
105.8
101.8
109.4
116.0
112.8
110.0
112.2
111.8
117.1
109.4
94 City Document No. 10.
The daily average consumption per head of population
was as follows :
Sudbury and Cochituate supply . . . 95.3 gallons.
Mystic supply . . . . . . 78.6 "
Combined supplies . . . . .91.6 "
The above figures show an increase of 9.6 per cent, in the
consumption from the Sudbury and Cochituate works from
that of the previous year; of 8.3 per cent, increase in the
consumption for the Mystic Works ; and of 9.4 per cent, in-
crease for the combined supplies.
Distribution.
The total length of main pipe laid on the Cochituate
division was nearly 18 miles, and 4,270 feet of pipe have
been abandoned, making a net increase of a little more than
17 miles in the total length in use.
Only about 1,500 feet of pipe were relaid with larger
sizes to improve the fire service, and I recommend that at
least one mile of the old mains be relaid this year for that
purpose.
The laying of the 30-inch main to South Boston was com-
pleted on May 27th.
This main connects with the 30 and 36 inch mains in Tre-
mont street at West Chester park, and extends through
Chester park and Swett street to Washington Village, a dis-
tance of 7,600 feet, connecting with the 20-inch main in
Boston street.
A spiral weld steel pipe was used for crossing the sluices
in Swett street ; the pipe being reduced to 24 inches in diam-
eter at the two bridges, which are considered to be tem-
porary structures.
A 6-inch pipe was laid from Squantum to supply the
Asylum and Farm School on Thompson's island. The
work was done by John Cavanagh & Co., who were the
lowest bidders. The length of the pipe was 6,760 feet, 300
feet under the channel between Squantum and the island
being laid with the Ward flexible-jointed pipe. Water was
turned on in this pipe July 5.
Water-pipes were laid from the pipe on Long island to
the hospitals on Gallop's island in the fall; 2,874 feet of 6-
inch pipe on Long island and 991 feet of 6-inch pipe on
Gallop's island were laid by John Cavanagh & Co., under a
contract. A temporary 3-inch wrought-iron pipe 3,798
feet in length, on the bottom of the channel between the
Engineering Department. • 95
islands, was laid by George W. Townsend, under a contract.
The pipe was put together with screw couplings by divers,
and was laid in two weeks' time. The temporary pipe w^as
paid for by the Board of Health.
The sea-water has been so unusually cold that the (5-inch
pipe between Moon and Long islands was frozen, after hav-
ing successfully passed through four winters without accident.
The pipe is encased in a wooden box of 3^-inch plank, and is
buried in a trench where there is less than 10 feet of water
over the pipe at low tide. The freezing probably began in
deep water, as the water in the hay was only 28 degrees above
zero.
In Charlestown the mains were extended 2,208 feet, and
216 feet of 4-inch pipe were relaid with 6-inch pipe.
Additional Supply.
The development of the Sudbury system has been contin-
ued during the past year. The work of building the basin
on Indian brook (Basin No. 6) has made fair progress,
and it will be so far advanced at the end of the present
season that the basin can be put into service. The surveys
for additional basins have been nearly finished, and their
construction must be commenced at once, as the increasing-
consumption of water by the city has more than kept pace
with development of the water supply ; and even with Basin
No. 6 the works have barely sufficient capacity in a dry
year to supply the present consumption.
For particulars, see the following report of Desmond
FitzGerald, Resident Engineer :
South Framingham, Mass., January 30, 1893.
William Jackson, Esq., CUt/ Engineer:
Sir : I submit herewith a l)rief report of engineering work
accomplished during the past year by the Additional
Supply force.
At Basin No. 6 the core-wall was uncovered early in April,
and on April 25 the first gravel was delivered on the dam.
Work on the shallow flowage, stripping of basin, and building
up of the dam was actively prosecuted throughout the season.
The dam has been raised from grade 250 to 271, or 21 feet.
Both oate-chambers have been built to crrade. The valves
have been placed in the lower gate-house. The waste way has
been completed. Excellent progress was made by the con-
tractors in stripping the basin. Sections A, B, and C, which
were let in 1891, have been completed and final estimates
made. Section D is nearly finished. Section E, above the
96
City Document No. 10.
Coudaville road, was let to John Berry & Co., on January
13, and is practically completed.
Mr. N. S. Brock, Assistant Engineer, has been in charge
of Basin 6.
Work done at Basin
6 DURING 1892.
Concrete ....
4,116 cubic
yards.
Backfilling .
148
i (
Plaster
2,140 square
yards
Embankment
12(3,726 cubic
yards.
Loaming slope
1,572 "
i i
Riprap "
2,546 "
i i
Stone crushed
1,579 "
i i
Sand and gravel screened
1,521 "
a
Stone masonry
256 "
I i
Brick "
143 "
i i
Stripping earth (contract)
321,516 "
i i
" " (city)
17,415
a
Waste WAY.
Earth excavation
3,000 "
i. i
Rock ....
660 "
I i
Concrete .
526 "
((
Paving
747 square
yards.
Rubble masonry
1,136 cubic
yards.
Dimension masonry
102 "
((
Coping
1,420 lineal feet.
During the winter of 1891-2 surveys for Basin 5, on
Stony brook, were extended, and a new plan made showing
contours to grade 250, extending down stream as far as
Nichol's mill.
A large amount of engineering work has been done on
problems connected with Cedar swamp. After many trial
lines, a line for the principal canal has been located and
plans perfected for all details of construction.
In May, studies were begun for a basin on the site of this
swamp. This involves raising the B. & A. R.R. between
Chattanooga and Westboro', and extensive excavations of
mud. Plans and approximate estimates have been prepared.
Very truly yours,
(Signed) Desmond FitzGerald,
Resident Engineer.
Engineering Department. 97
Sewerage Systems.
South Framingham, Marlhoro\ Westhoro\ Natiok.
The sewerage system of Soath Framingham has, with the
exception of the discharging from the town underdrain,
worked satisfactorily. The city of Marlboro' and the town
of Westboro' have so far completed their sewer system as
to have them in successful operation.
The town of Natick has made a plan of works and seems
to be in earnest to do something this year.
Filtration of the Mystic Supply.
Although the quality of the water fui-nished by the Mystic
works has been comparatively good during the past year,
the large and increasing population on the water-shed, to-
gether with the objectionable character of the large number
of factories on the borders of the streams, renders the task
of maintaining the purity of the water a more difficult one
from year to year ; and in case of an epidemic of cholera or
typhoid fever in Winchester or Woburn, there would be great
danger in using the Mystic water unless it was thoroughly
filtered.
If the Mystic works are to be continued in use as a source
of supply for ten years, and I can see no way by which they
can be abandoned before that time, I am of the opinion that
a filtration plant should be at once constructed.
Judging from the results of the experiments of the State
Board of Health and of your Board, I can see no reason
why, if this is done, these works should not furnish water of
satisfactory quality.
With this end in view, surveys and estimates have been
made of the cost of works capable of filtering the entire
Mystic supply.
The scheme of works as planned comprises seven filtering
basins, each having an area of about one acre, to be built on
the shore of the lake, near the present dam, with a pumping-
station and engines to raise the water from the lake to the
filter basins.
The estimated cost of these works is $/i75,000.
Capacity of Distribution System.
In accordance with a vote of your Board, dated January 27,
1892, an investigation has been made of the capacity of the
distribution system, considered with reference to the water
supply available for fire protection, and comparisons have
98 City Document No. 10.
been made with the distribution systems of other large cities
in the United States.
Connected with the Sudbury and Cochituate works, there
were, January 1, 1892, 514.4 miles of supply and dis-
tributing mains, of which 468 miles are of sizes from 4 inches
to 16 inches in diameter, and may be properly termed the
distributing mains. The remaining 46.4 miles consist of
main pipes from 20 inches to 48 inches in diameter, which
are not tapped for service-pipe or fire-hydrant supplies.
From the Chestnut-hill and Brookline reservoirs the water
is brought to the city, a distance of a])0ut four miles, by
four mains, — 30-inch, 36-inch, 40-inch, and 48 inches in
diameter.
These mains will supply in the city, with a pressure of 40
pounds to the square inch, at least 100 cubic feet per second,
which is equivalent to an ample supply for 100 steam fire-
engines.
Since the great fire of November 9, 1872, the distribution
system of Boston has been greatly improved by the relaying
of about 40 miles of 4 and 6 inch mains, with others of much
greater capacity, and also by the introduction of larger and
improved patterns of hydrants.
Throughout the business portion of the city, 16-inch, 12-
inch, 10-inch, and 8-inch pipes are extensively used ; the
proportion of these sizes being about 45% of the total distri-
bution.
Throughout the mercantile section of the city, embracing
the district bounded by Washington street, State street.
Broad street, Atlantic avenue, Federal street, and Beach
street, a system of water supply is provided for fire protec-
tion, in addition to the supply aflbrded by the hydrants
connected with the low-service distribution pipes, by a sep-
arate system of distribution-pipes to be laid throughout this
district for the sole purpose of supplying water under high
pressure (80 to 90 pounds) to stand-pipes and sprinkler
systems in the buildings of the district. This enables the
property-owners in this district to provide themselves with a
water supply for fire protection which is avaihible at all
times, and which will not be affected by the drafts which are
made by the fire department from the hydrants.
In the residential districts the pipes are somewhat smaller,
and in the suburban sections of Dorchester, West Roxbury,
and Brighton the capacity of the distribution system for fire
protection is, as must be expected, much smaller than in the
more thickly settled portions of the city.
Connected with the distributing mains there were 5,682
hydrants and 238 reservoirs for use in case of fire.
Engineering Department. 99
Four styles of hydrants are used; viz., the Boston, the
Lowry, the Boston Lowry, and the Post.
The Boston hydrant is the pattern exclusively used from
1848 to 18H8. It has a barrel three inches in diameter, with
a single 2^-inch outlet, and is supplied by a branch pipe
from the main 4 inches in diameter.
The hydrants of this pattern are being gradually replaced
by others of greater capacity.
The Lowry hydrant, of which there were 2,449 in use, has
a 9-inch barrel, and is arranged to supply four steam fire-
engines, by means of a portable chuck having two 2i-inch
and two 4-inch outlets, each outlet being provided with a
separate valve.
Hydrants of this pattern are generally placed directly over
the supplying main, and at the junction of connecting pipes.
When placed in the sidewalk they are supplied by 9-inch or 12-
inch branches from the mains.
The Boston Lowry hydrant has a 6-inch barrel, and is
supplied by a 6-inch branch pipe from the main. This hy-
drant is generally placed in narrow sidewalks where the
Post hydrant would inconvenience public travel. Four
steamers can be attached to this hydrant, but when set in
the sidewalk it is not often convenient to attach more than
two steamers.
The Post hydrant has a 6-inch barrel supplied hy a 6-inch
branch pipe, and has one 4-inch and two 21^-inch outlets.
As previously stated, the hydrants used from 1848 to
1868 had 3-inch barrels, with a single outlet 2^ inches in
diarneter ; and at the latter date there were in use in the
city proper, South Boston, and East Boston 1,590 hydrants
of this pattern.
During the past twenty years a large number of these old
hydrants have been replaced by hydrants of the Lowry and
Post patterns, so that to-day the number of "Boston"
hydrants in use in the city proper. South Boston, and East
Boston is 660 less than in 1869.
Throughout the business portion of the city the hydrants
are spaced from 150 to 250 feet apart, and from 250 to 300
feet in the residential districts.
Below are given extracts from the report of Mr. Dexter
Brackett, Assistant Engineer, who visited the larger cities of
the country, and made a personal examination of their distri-
bution systems.
" A comparison of the distribution system of Boston with
those of the other large cities of the country shows that the
system here is not behind the modern practice in the matter
of fire protection .
100 City Document No. 10.
"As a result of a personal examination of the systems in
New York, Brooklyn, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington,
Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, St. Louis, Chicago, Detroit, and
Cleveland, the following tables and accompanying plans have
been prepared.
" The plans in all cases cover the thickly settled business
portions of the cities.
" Table No. 1 shows the length in miles of the different
sizes of pipe in use in the cities named, and table No. 2 gives
for each city the percentage used of the different sizes.
Engineering Department.
101
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102
City Document No. 10.
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Engineering Department. 108
" Bearing in mind the ftict tliat pipe less than six inches in
diameter is of very little value for fire protection, a study of
the tables shows very clearly the comparative value of the
different S3'^stems. It will be noticed that the Y)roportion of
the sizes below eight inch is less in Boston than in any of
the cities examined.
"Baltimore has 235 miles, or more than one-half of its
distribution system of 3 and 4 inch pipe ; Chicago has 207
miles, Detroit 166 miles, and Cincinnati 103 miles, while
Boston has but 24 miles. On the other hand, Boston
has 147 miles of 12-inch pipe, the proportion of this size
being larger than in any of the other cities.
"The efficiency of a system for fire protection depends not
only upon the size of the mains, but also on the number and
capacity of the fire hydrants connected with those mains.
If, as in some of our large cities, the hydrants used are of
small capacity with a single outlet, allowing of but one
steamer connection and spaced frimi 300 to 500 feet apart,
the efficiency of the system is much diminished by the ina-
bility to concentrate a large number of steamers near any
given point. To perform effective service, a steamer should
not be obliged to use more than 500 feet of 2J-inch hose to
reach the fire. With a line of hose 600 feet in length a
water-pressure of 120 pounds at the steamer will give an
effective fire stream about 60 feet above the ground and will
discharge 240 gallons per minute, while with 100 feet of
hose the same pressure would give an efiective stream of 94
feet in height and discharge 340 gallons per minute.
"It is, therefore, of great advantage to have hydrants of
large capacity so located that a large number of steamers
may be placed within a short distance of the fire.
"The Lowry hydrant used in Boston, being located in the
centre of streets and provided with outlets for four steamer
connections, permits of the concentration of the steamers
much better than any other hydrant in general use. At the
Bedford-street fire on November 28, 1889, fifty-two steamers
were in service, and none were located more than 600 feet
from the fire. In Brooklyn and St. Louis the hydrants
have but one outlet or hose connection.
"In New York 80 per cent, of the hydrants have but one
2J-inch outlet, and all of the hydrants set there during the
past year (1891) were of this pattern. Table No. 3 shows
the number of hydrants and fire reservoirs in use in the dif-
ferent cities, with the number and size of hose connections.
104
City Document No. 10.
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51. No
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f f
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M I c H r C- A u
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OF-
ST LOUIS
SHOWING-
Pipe Lines, Hydrants & Connections;
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PLAN OF PORTION
BOSTON
Pipe Lines, H>'drant:' & Connections.
PHILADELPHIA.
snowmo
Pipe Lines, Hydrants 8^ Connections.
Engineering Department.
105
"As before stated, the sizes of the mains and the number
and capacity of the hydrants are all factors in determining
the vakie of any distribution system as a means of fire pro-
tection .
'' Tai?:ing all of these tacts into consideration, a study has
been made of the corresponding portions of the systems of
several cities as shown on the accompanying yjlans.
"Calculations have been made as to the number of steamers
that will receive an ample supply of water from hydrants
located within 500 feet of various points. The points se-
lected and the results attained for each city are shown by
the following tables and by the figures enclosed by circles on
the plans ;
" Tables showing the number of hydrants and fire reservoirs located
within 500 feet of different points in or near the business sections
of the cities named, also the number of steamers, each of 500 gallons
capacity, that would receive an adequate supply of loater from,
those hydrants:
New York.
Canal street, junction Bowery
Canal street, junction Broadway .
Franklin street, jujiction West Broad
way .....
Washington street, junction Chambe
street .....
Prince street, junction Broadway .
Church street, junction Park place
Chamber street, junction Park row
Christie street, junction Rivingtoi
street .....
Cherry street, junction Clinton street
Grand street, junction Margin street
Broome street, junction Clinton street
Market street, junction Madison street
Pearl street, junction Peck street
Spring street, junction Varick street
Hydrants.
35
31
25
26
'2Q
24
27
23
18
16
15
12
11
10
Res. Steamers.
62
47
44
42
42
41
38
35
26
'2io
17
12
12
10
Chicago.
Randolph street, junction Wabash ave. .
Adams street, junction La Salle street .
Wabash avenue, junction Adams street .
Van Buren street, junction Dearborn
street ......
Lake street, junction Franklin street
11
4
32
14
2
30
11
2
27
16
27
13
1
27
106
City Document No. 10.
Madison street, junction Fifth avenue .
Ontario street, junction La Salle street .
Van Buren street, junction Franklin
street ......
Randolph street, junction La Salle street,
Ontario street, junction Market street .
Union street, junction Indiana street
Madison street, junction Jefferson street,
Ontario street, junction Pine street .
Van Buren street, junction Jefferson
street ......
Hydrants.
Res.
Steamer
13
1
25
14
25
10
1
22
11
1
22
8
1
18
10
17
10
17
9
14
13
St. Louis
Locust street, junction 11th street
Locust street, junction 3d street
Clark street, junction 3d street
Carr street, junction Broadway
Market street, junction 7th street
Gratiot street, junction 7th street
Market street, junction 14th street
Franklin street, junction 13th street
O'Fallon street, junction 9th street
Gratiot street, junction 14th street .
Papin street, junction 21st street
Market street, junction 21st street
O'Fallon street, junction 16th street
Carr street, junction 21st street
19
19
16
16
13
12
11
11
8
7
6
5
5
4
19
19
16
16
13
12
11
11
8
7
6
5
5
4
Boston.
Washington street, junction State street . 24 4 60
Washington street, junction Essex street, 20 2 54
Washington street, junction Franklin
street 19 2 51
Haymarket square . . . . 22 2 51
Franklin street, junction Pearl street . 20 1 50
Summer street, junction Federal street . 18 50
Hanover street, junction Fleet street . 21 49
Kneeland street, junction South street . 16 40
Washington street, junction Pleasant street, 18 2 36
Tremont street, junction Dover street . 14 36
Causeway street, junction Leverett street, 20 3 35
Pleasant street, junction Piedmont street, 18 3 28
Dover street, junction Harrison avenue . 12 26
Boylston street, junction Berkeley street, 11 25
Engineering Department.
107
Baltimore.
Hydrants
Calvert street, junction Baltimore street, 21
Liberty street, junction Baltimore street,
Calvert street, junction Franklin street .
Lombard street, junction Frederick street,
Camden street, junction Eutaw street
Lombard street, junction Central avenue,
Gorman street, junction Greene street
Orleans street, junction Central avenue .
Fremont street, junction Portland street,
Res.
12
11
13
Steamer.
37
29
25
23
16
15
12
10
7
Philadelphia.
Markfet street, junction 12th street .
Chestnut street, junction 16th street
Spring Garden, junction 6th street
Chestnut street, junction 5th street
Market street, junction 2d street
Spruce street, junction 12th street
Walnut street, junction 22d street
Poplar street, junction 27th street
Vine street, junction 3d street
Fairmount street, junction 10th street
Fairmont street, junction 19th street
Spruce street, junction 18th street .
Vine street, junction 11th street
Vine street, junction 18th street
14
13
15
15
14
9
8
11
11
10
10
8
7
7
23
18
18
17
16
14
13
12
12
10
10
10
Brooklyn.
Fulton street, junction Flatbush avenue . 15 15
Fulton street, junction Adams street . 15 15
Nassau street, junction Adams street .11 11
Hicks street, junction Peirrepont street . 10 10
President street, junction Fifth avenue . 10 10
Seventh avenue, junction 9th street . 10 10
Court street, junction Congress street . 9 9
Bond street, junction Wykotf street . 9 9
Park street, junction North Portland street 8 8
Hoyt street, junction Secor place . . 7 7
Fulton street, junction Adelphi street . 6 6
Columbia street, junction President street 6 6
Sullivan street, junction Van Brunt street 5 5
Clinton street, junction Fourth place .5 5 "
A careful study of the facts given vi^arrants the conclusion
that Boston has as good, if not a better, system of water dis-
108
City Document No. 10.
tribution for fire purposes than any of the other large cities
of the country ; that the Lowry hydrant in use here will
supply more steanners than any other hydrant in general use,
and that the Boston pattern of Post hydrant is of greatei
capacity than that used by many other cities.
Of the 1,200 old-style hydrants and 24 miles of 4-inch
pipe that are now in use, about 50 per cent, should be re-
placed within a few years.
Appended are tables showing for all sections of the city
the number of steamers that it is estimated would receive a
supply of 500 gallons per minute each from hydrants located
within 500 feet of the locations given. In considering these
tables, it must be borne in mind that 500 gallons per minute
provides for two efficient streams from each steamer, and as
at any fire some steamers will be using but one line of hose,
and others will be stopped at any given moment, the number
of steamers which, under the usual circumstances, could be
adequately supplied would be somewhat larger than the
figures given.
City Proper — Business Section.
Albany street, junction Canton street . . . .26
Albany street, junction Concord street . . .27
Albany street, junction Dover street . . . .25
Albany street, junction East Chester park . . .35
Albany street, junction Oak street . . . .32
Albany street, junction Randolph street . . .16
Albany street, junction Union Park street . . .16
Albany street, junction Wareham street ■ . . .32
Albany street, junction Way street . . . .30
Atlantic avenue, junction Central wharf . . .35
Atlantic avenue, junction Clinton street . . .45
Atlantic avenue, junction Federal street . . .50
Atlantic avenue, junction India street . . . .45
Atlantic avenue, junction Oliver street . . .40
Atlantic avenue, junction Pearl street . . . .50
Beach street, junction Albany street . . . .40
Beach street, junction Harrison avenue . . .40
Bedford street, junction Kingston street . . .50
Bowdoin square ........ 33
Brattle square ........ 50
Causeway street, junction Beverly street . . .25
Causeway street, junction Friend street . . .33
Causeway street, junction Leverett street . . .35
Chapman street, junction Shawmut avenue . . .22
Chapman street, junction Village street . . .26
Charlestown street, junction Beverly street . . .60
Engineeeeng Department.
109
Charlestown street, junction Causeway street
Columbus avenue, junction Berkeley street .
Columbus avenue, junction Ferdinand street
Columbus avenue, junction Pleasant street
Commercial street, junction Charter street
Commercial street, junction Clinton street
Commercial street, junction Fleet street
Commercial street, junction North street
Commercial street, junction Richmond street
Commercial street, junction State street
Court street, junction Sudbury street .
Eliot street, junction Carver street
Federal street, near the bridge .
Federal street, junction East street
Federal street, junction Kneeland street
Ferdinand street, junction Melrose street
Fort Hill square ....
Franklin street, junction Congress street
Hanover street, junction Cross street .
Hanover street, junction Fleet street .
Harrison avenue, junction Castle street
Harrison avenue, junction Dover street
Harrison avenue, junction Harvard street
Harrison avenue, junction Oak street .
Haymarket square ....
Kneeland street, junction Lincoln street
Leverett street, junction Charles street
Leverett street, junction Minot street .
Merrimac street, junction Chardon street
Milk street, junction Oliver street
North street, junction Cross street
Piedmont street, junction Pleasant street
Prince street, junction Salem street
Prince street, junction Snovvhill street .
Scollay square .....
Travers street, junction Canal street .
Tremont street, junction Boylston street
Tremont street, junction Castle street .
Tremont street, junction Eliot street .
Tremont street, junction Mason street .
Tremont street, junction Pleasant street
Tremont street, junction School street
Tremont street, junction Winter street
Washington street, junction Bedford street
Washington street, junction Boylston street
Washington street, junction Castle street
Washington street, junction Hanover street
31
25
24
30
24
56
48
48
48
60
33
29
12
35
20
20
50
50
45
49
30
26
30
30
45
40
29
40
35
50
36
25
48
28
35
32
30
35
33
20
33
15
15
40
48
25
60
110
City Document No. 10.
Washington street, junction Hollis street
"Washington street, junction Milk street
Washington street, junction State street
Washington street, junction Summer street
Winthrop square ....
City Pkoper — Residential Section
Allen street, junction Blossom street .
Beacon street, junction Arlington street
Beacon street, junction Charles street .
Beacon street, junction Chester park .
Beacon street, junction Exeter street .
Beacon street, junction Joy street
Berkeley street, junction Chandler street
Boylston street, junction Arlington street
Boylston street, junction Berkeley street
Boylston street, junction Clarendon street
Boylston street, junction Exeter street
Cambridge street, junction Blossom street
Cambridge street, junction Hancock street
Charles street, junction Allen street
Charles street, junction Cambridge street
Charles street, junction Revere street .
Clarendon street, junction Appleton street
Columbus avenue, junction Clarendon street
Columbus avenue, junction Dartmouth street
Columbus avenue, junction Holyoke street .
Columbus avenue, junction Rutland square .
Columbus avenue, junction West Chester park
Commonwealth avenue, junction Clarendon street
Commonwealth avenue, junction Fairfield street
Dalton street, junction Dundee street .
Dartmouth street, junction Buckingham street
Harrison avenue, junction Dedham street
Harrison avenue, junction Newton street
Harrison avenue, junction Worcester street .
Huntington avenue, junction Dartmouth street
Huntington avenue, junction Gainsborough street
Huntington avenue, junction Holyoke street
Huntington avenue, junction Newton street .
Marlborough street, junction Berkeley street
Marlborough street, junction Dartmouth street
Marlborough street, junction Hereford street
Mt. Vernon street, junction Brimmer street
Mt. Vernon street, junction Louisburg square
Myrtle street, junction Grove street .
Engineeeing Department.
Ill
Myrtle street, junction Irving street
Shavvmut avenue, junction Ctiester square
Shawmut avenue, junction Concord street
Shawmut avenue, junction Lenox street
Shavvmut avenue, junction Newton street
Shawmut avenue, junction Union park
Somerset street, junction Ashburton place
Tremont street, junction Camden street
Tremont street, junction Clarendon street
Tremont street, junction Dartmouth street
Tremont street, junction Pembroke street
Tremont street, junction Worcester sti'eet
Warren avenue, junction Dartmouth street
Washington street, junction Dedham street
Washington street, junction Newton street
Washington street, junction Northampton street
Washington street, junction Waltham street
West Chester park, junction Belvedere street
West Chester park, junction Westland avenue
15
20
18
12
24
21
15
26
20
27
25
20
18
16
21
32
27
20
26
South Boston.
A street, junction Congress street
Dorchester avenue, junction Broadway
Dorchester avenue, junction Dorchester street
Dorchester avenue, junction East First street
Dorchester avenue, junction Kemp street
Dorchester avenue, junction Middle street .
Dorchester avenue, junction West Seventh street
Dorchester street, junction Broadway .
Dorchester street, junction Eighth street
Dorchester street, junction East Second street
Dorchester street, junction Newman street .
Dorchester street, junction Old Harbor street
Dorchester street, junction Woodward street
Dorr street, junction Earl street .
East Broadway junction I street .
East Broadway, junction M street
East Broadway, junction O street
East Eighth street, junction G street .
East Eighth street, junction Mercer street
East Fifth street, junction N street
East First street, junction I street
East First street, junction L street
East First street, junction O street
East Fourth street, junction L street .
East Fourth street, junction P street .
10
25
17
16
11
17
18
20
20
18
15
16
15
9
17
12
9
12
18
12
16
12
12
14
12
112
City Docibient No. 10.
East Ninth street, junction K street
East Ninth street, junction Old Harbor street
East Second street, junction P street
East Seventh street, junction I street
East Seventh street, junction N street
East Sixth street, junction G street
East Sixth street, junction H street
East Sixth street, junction L street
East Sixth street, junction P street
East Third street, junction I street
East Third street, junction K street
East Third street, junction O street
Foundry street, junction West Fourth street
Foundry street, junction Ontario street
Granite street, junction Mt. Washington avenue
Granite street, junction Richards street
Newman street, junction Lowland street
Old Harbor street, junction Telegraph street
Pacific street, junction Thomas park
Ward street, junction Preble street
West Broadway, junction B street
West Broadway, junction F street
West Fifth street, junction B street
West Fifth street, junction F street
West First street, junction B street
West First street, junction D street
West First street, junction F street
West First street, junction Granite street
West Fourth street, junction A street .
West Fourth street, junction D street .
West Ninth street, junction D street .
West Ninth street, junction Lark street
West Seventh street, junction D street
West Seventh street, junction F street
West Third street, junction A street .
West Third street, junction C street .
West Third street, junction E street .
12
12
12
15
12
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12
14
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16
12
9
18
15
14
20
6
3
8
9
18
17
18
14
14
18
14
25
20
22
17
15
20
20
25
14
16
East Boston.
Bennington street, junction Chelsea street
Bennington street, junction Marion street
Bennington street, junction Putnam street
Brooks street, junction Condor street .
Central square .....
Chelsea street, junction Brooks street .
Chelsea street, junction Curtis street .
14
14
15
8
21
16
4
Engineering Department.
113
Chelsea street, junction Decatur street
Chelsea street, junction Eagle street .
Chelsea street, junction Marion street .
Chelsea street, junction P(n'ter street .
Condor street, junction Putnam street
Eagle street, junction Falcon street
Marginal street, junction Cottage street
Marginal street, junction Lewis street .
Marginal street, junction Orleans street
Marginal street, junction K. B. & L. R.R.
Maverick street, junction Border street
Maverick street, junction Cottage street
Maverick street, junction Lamson street
Maverick street, junction London street
Meridian street, junction Condor street
Meridian street, junction London street
Meridian street, junction Maverick street
Meridian street, junction Princeton street
Meridian street, junction Trenton street
Meridian street, junction White street
Moore street, junction Homer street .
Porter street, junction Havre street
Princeton street, junction Brooks street
Princeton street, junction Marion street
Princeton street, junction Prescott street
Princeton street, junction Putnam street
Saratoga street, junction Moore street
Saratoga street, junction Swift street .
Sumner street, junction Cottage street
Sumner street, junction Jeftries street .
Sumner street, junction Lamson street
Sumner street, junction Lewis street .
Sumner street, junction Liverpool street
Sumner street, junction Orleans street
White street, junction Brooks street .
White street, junction Putnam street .
10
10
12
10
12
17
13
14
14
8
16
12
8
16
12
20
16
21
18
17
4
12
10
10
12
12
6
8
13
8
8
16
16
15
12
10
Charlestown.
Alford street, junction Arlington avenue
Arlington avenue, junction Dorrance street
Austin street, junction Lawrence street
Bartlett street, junction Concord street
Bartlett street, junction Cross street .
Bartlett street, junction Salem street .
Bartlett street, junction Walker street .
Bunker Hill street, junction Belmont street
6
20
18
18
17
13
10
114
City Document No. 10.
Bunker Hill street, junction Concord street
Bunker Hill street, junction Pearl street
Bunker Hill street, junction Quincy street
Bunker Hill street, junction Tufts street
Cambridge street, junction Parker street
Cambridge street, junction Perkins street
Chelsea street, junction Henley street .
Chelsea street, junction Prospect street
Chelsea street, junction Vine street
Front street, junction Arrow street
High street, junction Concord street
High street, junction Green street
High street, junction Lexington street .
Main street, junction Auburn street
Main street, junction Haverhill street .
Main street, junction Medford street .
Main street, junction Mill street .
Main street, junction Salem street
Medford street, junction Baldwin street
Medford street, junction Chelsea street
Medford street, junction Lexington street
Medford street, junction Mead street .
Medford street, junction Pearl street .
Perkins street, junction Brighton street
Russell street, junction Mead street
Rutherford avenue, junction Allen street
Rutherford avenue, junction Dunstable street
Rutherford avenue, junction Mill street
Tremont street, junction Edgeworth street
Tremont street, junction Lexington street
Union street, junction Main street
Union street, junction Washington street
Warren street, junction Water street .
Water street, junction Joiner street
Winthrop street, junction Main street .
ROXBUEY.
Alaska street, junction Perrin street .
Albany street, junction Hunneman street
Albany street, junction Mall street
Blue Hill avenue, junction C^herry street
Blue Hill avenue, junction Edgewood street
Blue Hill avenue, junction Moreland street .
Blue Hill avenue, junction Quincy street
Blue Hill avenue, junction Waverley street
Brookline avenue, junction Burlington avenue
Engineering Department.
115
Brookline avenue, junction Francis street
Brookline avenue, junction Longwood avenue
Brookline avenue, junction Maple avenue
Cabot street, junction Windsor street .
Cedar street, junction Hawthorn street
Centre street, junction Cedar street
Centre street, junction Heath
Centre street, junction Lamartine street
Centre street, junction Pynchon street
Centre street, junction Sheridan avenue
Centre street, junction Walden street .
Centre street, junction Wyman street .
Circuit street, junction Regent street .
Clifton street, junction Langdon street
Dale street, junction Mills street
Day street, junction Creighton street .
Dudley street, junction Adams street .
Dudley street, junction Dearborn street
Dudley street, junction Dennis street .
Dudley street, junction Elmwood street
Dudley street, junction Hampden street
Dudley street, junction Highland street
Elm Hill avenue, junction Cheney street
Elm Hill avenue, junction Howland street
Eustis street, junction Magazine street
Hampden street, junction Norfolk avenue
Heath street, junction Bickford street
Heath street, junction Day street
Highland street, junction Cedar street
Highland street, junction Ellis street .
Highland street, junction Marcella street
Highland street, junction Milmont street
Humboldt avenue, junction Crawford street
Humboldt avenue, junction Munroe street
Hunting'ton avenue, junction Longwood avenue
Huntington avenue, junction Parker street
Lambert avenue, junction Bartlett street
Lambert avenue, junction Milmont street
Moreland street, junction Fairland street
Mt. Pleasant avenue, junction Fairland street
Norfolk avenue, junction Gerard street
Norfolk avenue, junction Magazine street
Palmer street, junction Winslow street
Parker street, junction Parker Hill avenue
Parker street, junction Prentiss street .
Pynchon street, junction Cedar street .
Pynchon street, junction Heath street .
12
13
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16
7
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14
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12
10
10
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22
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6
10
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7
8
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116
City Document No. 10.
Regent street, junction Fountain street
Roxbury street, junction Linden Park street
Ruggles street, junction Duncan street
Ruggles street, junction Parker street
Ruggles street, junction Warwick street
Ruggles street, junction Westminster street
Shawmut avenue, junction Hammond street
Shawmut avenue, junction Ruggles street
Tremont street, junction Bumstead lane
Tremont street, junction Heath street .
Tremont street, junction Francis street
Tremont street, junction Parker street
Tremont street, junction Prentiss street
Tremont street, junction Pynchon street
Tremont street, junction Ruggles street
Vernon street, junction Auburn street
Vernon street, junction Haskins street
Walden street, junction Mi n den street
Walnut avenue, junction Bainbridge street
Walnut avenue, junction Circuit street
Walnut avenue, junction Dale street .
Walnut avenue, junction Tovvnsend street
Warren street, junction Clifford street .
Warren street, junction Dunreath street
Warren street, junction Munroe street
Warren street, junction Regent street .
Warren street, junction Warren place .
Warren street, junction Waumbeck street
Washington street, junction Atherton street
Washington street, junction Bartlett street
Washington street, junction Circuit street
Washington street, junction Dale street
Washington street, junction Dudley street
Washington street, junction Nawn street
Washington street, junction Ruggles street
Washington street, junction Thorndike street
Washington street, junction Thornton street
Washington street, junction Townsend street
Washington street, junction Vernon street .
Washington street, junction Westminster avenue
Westminster street, junction Windsor street
Winthrop street, junction Cleveland street .
Dorchester.
Adams street, junction Ashmont street
Adams street, junction King street
Engineering Department.
117
Adams street, junction Minot street
Adams street, junction Neponset avenue
Adams street, junction Richmond street
Allston street, junction Centre street .
Ashland street, junction Mill street
Ashland street, junction Park street
Ashmont street, junction Carruth street
Ashmont street, junction Train street .
Bird street, junction Bodvvell park
Boston street, junction Eastman street
Boston street, junction Mt. Vernon street
Bowdoin street, junction Adams street
Bowdoin street, junction Olney street .
Bowdoin street, junction Washington street
Blue Hill avenue, junction Columbia street
Blue Hill avenue, junction Harvard street
Blue Hill avenue, junction Norfolk street
Blue Hill avenue, junction River street
Blue Hill avenue, junction Wales street
Carruth street, junction Beale street
Columbia street, junction Bird street .
Columbia street, junction Seaver street
Columbia street, junction Quincy street
Columbia street, junction Stanwood street
Columl)ia street, junction Washington street
Commercial street, junction Greenwich street
Commercial street, junction Park street
Cottage street, junction Boston street .
Cottage street, junction Clifton street .
Cottage street, junction Norfolk avenue
Cottage street, junction Pleasant street
Crescent avenue, junction Carson street
Dorchester avenue, junction Adams street .
Dorchester avenue, junction Ashmont street
Dorchester avenue, junction Beach street
Dorchester avenue, junction Codman street .
Dorchester avenue, junction Commercial street
Dorchester avenue, junction Crescent avenue
Dorchester avenue, junction King street
Dorchester avenue, junction Leeds street
Dorchester avenue, junction Mayfield street
Dorchester avenue, junction Mt. Vernon street
Dorchester avenue, junction Parkman street
Dorchester avenue, junction Savin Hill avenue
Dorchester avenue, junction Washington street
Dudley street, junction Cottage street .
Dudley street, junction Howard avenue
6
9
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2
4
5
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2
4
14
12
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4
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5
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4
6
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4
4
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11
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9
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7
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118
City Document No. 10.
Dudley street, junction Magnolia street
Dudley street, junction Monadnock street
East Chester park, junction Clapp street
Erie avenue, junction Michigan avenue
Freeport street, junction Pleasant street
Freeport street, junction Preston street
Glen street, junction Trull street
Hamilton avenue, junction Clark street
Hancock street, junction Rill street
Hartford street, junction Robinhood street
Harvard street, junction Gleason street
Harvard street, junction School street.
Harvard street, junction Wales street .
Howard avenue, junction Quincy street
Howard avenue, junction Sargent street
Lauriat avenue, junction Lyons street .
Magnolia street, junction Howard avenue
Magnolia street, junction Robinhood street
Milton avenue, junction Evans street .
Minot street, junction Sheridan street .
Neponset avenue, junction Commercial street
Neponset avenue, junction Minot street
Neponset avenue, junction Park street
Neponset avenue, junction Pope's Hill street
Neponset avenue, junction Taylor street
Norfolk avenue, junction jMarshfield street
Norfolk street, junction Chipman street
Norfolk street, junction Fremont street
Norfolk street, junction Nelson street .
Ocean street, junction Welles avenue .
Pleasant street, junction Mayfield street
Richiield street, junction Puritan avenue
River street, junction Cedar street
River street, junction Temple street
Sanford street, junction Cedar street .
Sanford street, junction Temple street .
Savin Hill avenue, junction Grampian way
Savin Hill avenue, junction Midland street
Sawyer avenue, junction Cushing avenue
Walnut street, junction Ericsson street
Walnut street,junction Franklin street
Washington street, junction Ashmont street
Washington street, junction Centre street
Washington street, junction Fuller street
Washington street, junction Wheatland avenue
Wheatland avenue, junction Whitfield street
Engineering Department.
119
West Roxbury.
Alveston street, junction Greenough street
Alveston street, junction Revere street
Anuwan avenue, junction Beech street .
Anawan avenue, junction Park street .
Ashland street, junction Florence street
Beech street, junction Sycamore street
Bellevue street, junction Oriole street .
Bellevue street, junction Rutledge street
Boylston street, junction Burr street .
Boylston avenue, junction Amory street
Brookside avenue, junction Cornwall street
Brown avenue, junction Ashland street
Brown avenue, junction Poplar street .
Centre street, junction Boylston street
Centre street, junction Burroughs street
Centre street, junction Central avenue
Centre street, junction Corey street
Centre street, junction Eliot street
Centre street, junction Green street
Centre street, junction La Grange street
Centre street, junction May street
Centre street, junction Mt. Vernon street
Centre street, junction Orchard street .
Centre street, junction Pond street
Centre street, junction Spring Park street
Centre street, junction Walter street .
Chestnut street, junction Fessenden street
Corey street, junction Carl street
Corey street, junction Weld street
Eliot street, junction Brewer street
Green street, junction Boylston avenue
Green street, junction Chestnut avenue
Green street, junction Lamartine street
Grove street, junction Washington street
Hyde Park avenue, junction Ashland street
Hyde Park avenue, junction Neponset avenue
Keyes street, junction Starr street
Metropolitan avenue, junction Poplar street
Pond street, junction Eliot street
Pond street, junction INIay street
Pond street, junction Prince street
Poplar street, junction Sycamore street
Prince street, junction Perkins street .
Rockview street, junction St. Johns street
South street, junction Custer street
6
7
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6
5
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o
O
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t)
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21
18
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9
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120
City Document No. 10.
South street, junction Keyes street
Spring Park avenue, junction Rockview street
Spring street, junction Baker street .
Spring street, junction Clarence street
Walk Hill street, junction Canterbury street
Walk Hill street, junction Hyde Park avenue
Washington street, junction All)ano street .
Washington street, junction Ashland street .
Washington street, junction Beech street
Washington street, junction Boylston street
Washington street, junction Cornwall street
Washington street, junction Metropolitan avenue
Washington street, junction School street
Weld street, junction Church street
Weld street, junction Willow street
Brighton.
Allston street, junction Allston square
Bennett street, junction Parsons street
Brighton avenue, junction Cambridge street
Brighton avenue, junction Chester street
Brighton avenue, junction Harvard avenue
Brooks street, junction Faneuil street .
Brooks street, junction Newton sti-eet .
Cambridge street, at Charles river
Cambridge street, junction Gordon street
Cambridge street, junction Harvard avenue
Cambridge street, junction North Harvard street
Cambridge street, junction Sparhawk street
Cambridge street, junction Washington street
Chester street, junction Ashford street
Chestnut Hill avenue, junction South street
Chestnut Hill avenue, junction Union street
Englewood avenue, junction Islewotth street
Everett street, junction Lincoln street
Everett street, junction AVestern avenue
Faneuil street, junction Parsons street
Harvard avenue, junction Commonwealth avenue
Lake street, junction Ken wick street .
Market street, junction North Beacon street
Market street, junction Sparhawk street
Market street, junction Western avenue
North Beacon street, at Albany R.R. ,
North Beacon street, junction Dustin street .
North Harvard street, at Charles river
North Harvard street, junction Western avenue
Engineering Department. 121
Washington street, junction Allston street
Washington street, junction Foster street
Washington street, junction Lake street
Washington street, junction Market street
Washington street, near Newton line .
Washington street, junction Shannon street
Washing-ton street, junction Tremont street
Washington street, junction Union street
4
10
8
10
2
8
5
6
In General.
A contract was made with Donovan & Brock on August
22 for building the masonry foundations for Engine No. 3 at
Chestnut-hill Pumping-station , and the work is nearly com-
pleted.
A contract was made with N, F, Palmer, Jr., & Co., of
New York, on June 8, for l)uilding and erecting Pumping-
engine No. 3, in accordance with })hins made by Mr. E. D.
Leavitt.
The engine will be triple expansion, working three double-
acting pumps, with the Eiedler patent valve-gear, capable at
fifty revolutions of pumping 20,000,000 gallons in twenty-
four hours, and maintaining a duty of 140,000,000 ft. lbs.
per 100 lbs. of coal.
Plans have also been made by JMr. Leavitt for a 06-inch
Belpaire boiler, to supply steam at 185 lbs. pressure for the
engine.
The rebuilding of theBrookline-avenue Bridge over Muddy
lliver, required the shutting off of the 40-inch main for
several months, and the head throughout the low service was
materially reduced. The pipe is relaid in the form of a
siphon over the arch of the bridge.
The 30 and 36-inch mains must be relaid over the new
bridge on Tremont street at the Brookline line. New 36-
inch valves were placed in the 36 and 40 inch mains near
the corner of Francis street. Five bents of piles, with
10 X 10 hard-pine caps, Avere placed under the 40-inch
main in Beacon street, near Exeter street, to replace the old
trusses which supported the pipe over the former sluices of
the Water Power Company.
A plan of a storage reservoir of a capacity of one million
gallons, for Long Island, has been made for the Directors of
Public Institutions. This reservoir will cause a more con-
stant circulation on the pipe line to the island, and the danger
of freezing the pipe will be lessened.
Forty contracts for rock excavation were made daring the
year. Two hundred and ninety-five petitions for main-pipe
122 City Document No. 10.
extensions were reported upon in regard to grade of street,
size of pipe, and cost of laying.
The pipe laid has been measured, the gates and hydrants
have been located and plotted on the plans.
Thirty-three profiles of unaccepted streets have been made
and grades given for grading the streets and laying pipes
where required.
The records from the four pumping-stations, the lakes,
reservoirs, the Mystic sewer, and the returns from pipe
foundries, etc., have been carefully kept.
Appended to this report will be found the usual tables of
rainfall, consumption, yield of water-sheds, etc.
BOSTON WATER WORKS.
Diagl^m showing the rainfall and daily average Consumption
■fof'each month.
Yearly Ayeragea sMotvrt fhuS — — ^
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132
City Document No. 10.
Rainfall in Inches and Hundredths on the Sudbury -river Water-shed for
the Year 1892.
1S93.
3
a
C3
1-5
>>
u
ca
P
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a
1-5
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32
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a
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a
0
1
0.065
0.175
0.025
2
1.895
0.880
1.100
0.260
0.615
3 . .
0.770
0.175
0.795
0 010
4
0.070
0.050
0.125
0.590
0.070
0.070
5
6 .
0.620
0.055
0 100
7 .
0.065
8 .
0.290
0.690
0.025
0 615
9
0.045
0.030
0.290
0.220
0.060
10
0.330
2.275
11
0.015
1.645
0.480
0.100
0.980
0.140
12 .
13 . . .
1.520
0.175
0.605
14 . .
0.160
0.225
2.440
0 280
15
0.600
0.900
16
0.335
1.655
17
1.110
■ • •
.
0.285
18
0.800
0.320
1.215
0.320
19
0.045
20
0.080
0 095
21
0.490
0.125
2.120
22 . . . . .
23
0.725
0.790
0.125
24
0.030
0.025
0.150
25
0.420
1.110
26 ....
0.235
0.125
0.150
27
0.395
0.275
0.305
1.770
28
0.140
29
0.120
0.110
30
0.035
0.020
0.590
31
1.345
0.1.30
Totals .
5.850
3.140
4.060
0.830
5.585
2.760
4.230
4.440
2.840
1.170
5.800
1.125
Total rainfall during the year, 41,830 inches, being an average of two gauges, located at
Framingham and Ashland.
Engineeeing Department. 133
Rainfall in Inches and Hundredths at Lake Cochituate for the Year 1892.
1892.
3
a
t3
1
IS
<
a
D
1-5
D
SB
<
a
3
O
a
1
Si
a
o
Q
1
0.07
0.13
0.05
2
1.21
1.54
0.02
0.29
0.60
3
0.96
0.71
0.16
0.72
4
0.86
5
0.02
0.17
6
0.54
0.01
0.04
0.11
7
0.06
8
0.04
0.31
0.60
0.28
0.07
0.64
9 . . .
0.45
0.12
0.05
2.17
10
11
1.32
1.04
12 . ...
0.55
0.08
13
1.39
14
0.17
0.38
0.46
2.57
0.27
15
0.56
0.97
16
. . .
. . .
0.17
1.43
17
1.10
0.28
18
1.08
0.42
19
1.03
0.01
20
0.09
21
0.02
0.49
0.12
2.85
22
23
0.62
0.09
24
0 02
25
0.02
0.21
0.54
0.37
0.02
26
2.22
0.23
0.01
27 . ...
0.09
0.48
28
. . .
0.10
0.07
29
0.36
0.22
0.29
30
0.01
0.01
31
1.07
0.14
Totals .
4.78
2.80
4.12
0.78
5.46
3.23
3.47
3.79
2.87
1.42
5.14
1.18
Total rainfall during the year, 39.04 inches.
134
City Document No. 10.
Raiyifall in Inches and Hundredths on the Mystic Water-shed for the Year
1892.
1893.
a
1-5
3
0)
p.
<
a
1^
3
be
<
a
ft,
0)
02
u
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1
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§
9)
1
1.070
1.010
1.130
0.090
0.165
0.070
0.180
0 020
2
3
0.695
0.205
0.005
0.770
0.525
0.015
0.400
0.030
0.035
0.030
0.060
1.035
0.405
0.085
0.030
4 ....
0.025
0.005
.5
6
7
0.680
■ '
0.110
8 ....
0.295
0.660
0.015
0.710
9
0.040
0.405
0.220
0.015
0.010
0.055
10 . .
0.380
1.870
0.020
11
1.535
0.560
0.035
12 ....
1.050
0.150
13 . ...
1.425
0.345
14
15 ...
0.140
0.005
0.980
0.330
0.170
1.615
0.250
16 . ...
0.160
0.410
1.295
17
1.095
18
0.875
0.145
1.125
0.260
19 . ...
0.015
20
0.035
21 ... .
0.005
0..515
0.125
2.255
22 ....
23
0.706
0.630
0.070
24
0.005
25 .
0.030
1.025
26 . ...
0.215
0 120
2.225
0.090
0.310
0.105
27 . . .
1.010
0.005
0.015
0.175
28 ...
0.025
0.110
0.005
0.140
0.145
29 . ...
30 . ...
0.030
0.375
31
0.900
0.270
Totals , .
4.516
3.015
4.005
0.815
5.585
4.150
2.575
4.820
2.005
1.835
4.645
1.150
Total rainfall during the year, 39.115 inches, being an average of two gauges, located at
Mystic Lake and Winchester.
Engineering Department.
135
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136
City Document No. 10.
Rainfall Received and Collected, 1892.
Sudbury.
COCHITUATB.
Mystic.
MOITTH.
1
a
■a
11
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<2"
Inches.
Inches.
Per
cent.
Inches.
Inches.
Per
cent.
Inches.
Inches.
Per
cent.
January
February
March .
April .
May . .
June .
July .
August
Septembe
October
Novembe
Decembe
r .
r .
5.850
3.140
4.060
0.830
5.585
2.760
4.230
4.440
2.840
1.170
5.800
1.125
3.335
1.574
3.488
1.504
2.245
0.739
0.382
0.500
0.396
0.224
1.204
0.865
57.01
50.13
85.90
181.15
40.20
26.76
9.03
11.26
13.94
19.18
20.75
76.89
4.7S
2.80
4.12
0.78
5.46
3.23
3.47
3.79
2.87
1.42
5.14
1.18
3.18
1.64
3.12
0.90
2.03
0.49
0.33
0.56
0.60
0.57
1.09
0.84
66.55
58.50
75.67
115.52
37.13
15.26
9.52
14.68
21.10
-10.16
21.22
71.09
4.515
3.015
4.005
0.815
5.585
4.150
2.-575
4.820
2.005
1.835
4.645
1.150
2.49
1.76
3.03
1.33
2.10
1.17
0.66
0.49
0.56
0.45
1.07
0.87
55.04
58.46
75.72
163.57
37.54
28.30
25.70
10.19
27.71
24.29
23.09
75.23
Totals and )
averages, ]
41.830
16.456
39.34
39.04
15.35
39.32
39.115
15.98
40.85
Engineering Department.
137
Table shoiuing the Temperature of Air and Water at Various Stations on
the Water-works.
TEMrEBATURE OF AlK.
Temperature of
Wateb.
1892.
Chestnut-Hill Reservoir.
Fraraingbam.
Brookline
Reservoir.
Mystic
Engine-
House.
a
=1
a
C3
a
g
a
ca
la
Maximum.
Minimum.
Mean.
Mean.
Mean.
January
February
March .
April .
May . .
June .
July . .
August
Septembe
October
Novembe
Decembe
r
r
r
62.0
44.5
56.5
77.0
83.0
94.5
94.0
95.0
80.5
75.0
66.5
45.5
1.0
3.5
12.5
25.5
31.0
43.0
48.0
53.0
40.5
30.0
19.0
0.0
28.0
27.6
32.3
48.3
55.8
69.8
72.0
70.1
62.3
50.8
40.1
27.3
62.0
49.0
58.0
76.0
83.0
96.0
96.0
94.0
80.0
77.0
65.0
45.0
-3.0
-1.0
8.0
21.0
27.0
38.0
45.0
48.0
34.0
23.0
16.0
-2.0
25.7
27.6
31.3
46.3
54.7
69.5
70.9
68.5
60.3
49.6
38.7
26.6
36.5
36.8
36.7
4S.0
55.7
69.3
74.3
74.7
67.6
56.4
45.5
36.6
36.3
35.9
35.0
45.2
55. S
70.8
74.5
75.8
66.5
56.9
47.2
36.8
138 City Document No. 10.
C.
IMPROVED SEWERAGE.
The construction of the extension of the Improved Sew-
erage System has been continued the past year, the amount
expended being $161,959.90.
The condition of the appropriation on Feb. 1, 1893, was
as follows :
Net appropriations $6,072,240 93
Total expenditures . . . . . 6,027,206 31
Unexpended balance Feb. 1, 1893 . $45,034 62
Outfall Sewer.
Section 3 Outfall, which has been under construction for
the past two years, was completed by the contractor, H. P.
Nawn, in August last, at a cost of $86,480.
In March, 1892, the contract for building Section 3 C
Outfall Sewer was awarded to Messrs. Perkins & White, the
lowest bidders, for $71,904. This section extends in the
embankment between Squantum and Moon Islands, a distance
of 1,865 feet. The sew^er is of brick, horseshoe shaped,
12 feet wide and 11 feet high, with a heavy concrete founda-
tion, and with side- walls and spandrels of concrete ; iron
rods are built into the foundation and through the arch, to
guard against injury to the structure in the event of a' slight
settlement of the embankment.
The methods of construction pursued by the contractors
presented some features of interest : the trench was exca-
vated wide enough to make bracing unnecessary, by a
powerful steam " digger," the material being thrown out on
each side of the embankment ; the back-filling was made by
the same machine. All transportation was eifected by water,
and no horses were employed on the work.
During the working season 37,000 cubic yards of earth
were excavated, and 20,000 cubic yards back-filled; 7,492
cubic yards of concrete and 1,806 cubic yards of brick
masonry were laid.
In the latter part of November the masonry conduit was
completed by the contractors, and preparations were at once
made to build the 55 linear feet of sewer required to connect
Engineering Department. 139
the ends of Section 3 and Section 3 C with the old sewer in
the embiinkment ; the east " connection " was built by
Messrs. Perkins & White, while the force of men belong-
ing to the department, under the superintendence of H. J.
White, were transferred from Section 6, Dorchester, to
make the west "counection." On the evening of Friday,
November 25, work was begun on each end and carried on
without interruption, with all possible speed, until 3 A.M.
on the following Sunday morning, when the " connections "
were completed ; pumping at the Calf Pasture Pumping-
station, which had been suspended for the time being, was
then resumed, and the sewage has since continued to flow
through the new conduit. The completion of the outfall
sewer was of great moment, as the w^ooden flume which it
rephiced has for several years past been in a dangerous con-
dition, and has limited in a serious manner the capacity of
the Improved Sewerage Works.
The contract for removing the wooden flume between
Squantum and ]Moon Island was awarded, in December
last, to Hugh Farrel, the lowest bidder, for the sum of
$1,527, he agreeing to })ay $127 for the old materials con-
tained in the structure.
The contractor is now engaged on this work.
A contract has been made with Messrs. Perkins & White
to build an embankment from the Sfjuantum shore to the
east shaft of the tunnel under Dorchester Bay, with the
necessary ballast and rip-rap. The prices to be paid are as
follows :
Filling (measured in place) . . $0.25 per cubic yard.
Ballast and rip-rap . . . .1.43 " "
The contractors prosecuted this work until forced to sus-
pend operations in January on account of the cold weather,
the surface of Dorchester Bay being completely frozen over.
Dorchester Intercepting Sewer.
The construction of this sewer has been carried on en-
tirely by day labor. At the beginning of the year Section
8, Dorchester Intercepting Sewer, was being built in a hill
near Granite avenue ; the de{)th of the trench varied from
25 to 39 feet, while the material was exceedingly hard,
making the progress, of necessity, slow. This piece of
heavy work was completed in June, and the force was moved
to Section 8, Dorchester Intercepting Sewer, where work is
now in progress.
140 City Document No. 10.
Section 6, Dorchester Intercepting Sewer, extends from
the end of Section 5 (completed in the autumn of 1890) at
Freeport street, through private land, Bertram street, Coffee
street, Freeport-street extension (as proposed by the Board
of Survey), and private land, to Chickatawbut street, Narra-
gansett street, a distance of 2,455 feet.
Bids for furnishing the bricks, cement, screened gravel,
and drain-pipe required in construction were called for, and
contracts awarded, in each case, to the lowest bidder, as
follows :
F. A. Merriam & Co., 450 M brick, $9.90 per M.
Waldo Bros., 1,500 bbls. Am. cement, $1.13 per bbl.
Waldo Bros., 275 bbls. Portland cement, $2.40 per bbl.
P. J. Lyons, 800 cu. yds. gravel, 87 cents per cubic yd.
F. A. Merriam & Co., 2,500 lin. ft. drain pipe, 68 per
cent, off list price.
The sewer is of brick, circular in shape and 4 feet 6
inches in diameter, laid on a grade of 1 in 2,500 ; the neat
work of the invert is laid in Portland cement. When the
material at the bottom of the trench is suitable it is exca-
vated to the exact shape required, and the sewer constructed
of two rings of brick-work ; under less favorable conditions
a foundation of concrete is built with concrete side- walls,
the whole resting upon a wooden platform where the bottom
is wet and sandy. On this section, for a considerable dis-
tance, beds of mud were encountered, and it has been
necessary to support the sewer upon piles varying in length
from 10 to 30 feet. An embankment has been built over
the sewer in the low marsh-land to protect the brick-work ;
1,975 linear feet of sewer were built in Dorchester during
the year.
To complete the Dorchester Intercepting Sewer to Central
avenue, as originally designed, it will be necessary to build
9,100 linear feet of sewer at a cost of $140,000. It is very
desirable, and easily possible, to complete this work during
the next year, and afford an outlet for the sewage from the
thickly settled district in the neighborhood of Milton Lower
Mills and Central avenue.
Stony-brook Improvement.
A survey has been made and plans and estimates prepared
for improving the channel of Stony Brook, by straightening,
widening, and deepening, from the Hyde Park line to a point
1,500 feet below Mt. Hope street. The proposed improve-
ment would lower the water level in times of ordinary flow,
' Engineering Department. 141
and permit the drainage of the low land in the neighborhood ;
it would have, however, no appreciable effect on the water
level in case of floods.
East Shaft.
The following is a copy of the official permission from the
United States authorities for tilling outside of the established
Tines :
Whereas, by section 3 of an act of Congress, approved July 18, 1892,
entitled "An Act making approjDriations for the construction, repair,
and preservation of certain public works on rivers and harbors, and for
other jjurposes," it is declared that it shall not be lawful to excavate or
till or in any manner to alter or modify the course, location, condition, or
capacity of any port, roadstead, Tiaven, harbor of refuge, or inclosure
within the limits of any breakwater, unless approved and authorized bv
the Secretary of War ; and
Wliereas, The City of Boston, Massachusetts, has applied to the Sec-
retary of War for permission to consti'uct an embankment from Squan-
tum to East Shaft, so called, in Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, and has
submitted for liis approval plans of said embankment, which are hereto
attached ;
No2v, therefore, I, L. A. Gi'ant, Acting Secretary of War, do hereby
authorize the City of Boston, Massachusetts, to construct an embank-
ment from Squantum to East Shaft, so called, in Boston Harbor, Massa-
chusetts, in accordance with said jilans, which are hereby approved,
ui^on the following conditions :
That the engineer officer of the United States Army, in charge of
the locality, may supervise the work to be done, in order that said plans
shall be complied with.
Witness vaj hand this 2od day of August, 1892.
(Signed) L. A. Grant,
Seal of the Acting Secretary of War.
U.S.A.
War Office.
The conditions of the instrument are hereby accei^ted by the Cit}- of
Boston, Massachusetts, by John H. Lee, Acting Mayor, thereunto law-
fully authorized, this nineteenth daj" of August, 1892.
(Signed) John H. Lee.
In presence of
James A. Mc&bben,
Thomas W. O'Rourk. <
142 City Document No. 10.
D.
[FROM THE CITY ENGINEER'S REPORT TO THE BOARD OF
PARK COMMISSIONERS.]
The Parkway. Back Bay Fens.
Roadways and Walhs. — The drive on the southerly side
of Longwood entrance and the connection with the Audubon
road across Fen Bridge have been finished.
Charlesgate east, between Beacon street and Charles River,
has been surfaced.
On Huntington entrance and over the Stony-brook Bridge
the drives and walks have l)een completed. The surfacing
of the Fenway between Huntington and Treniont entrances
has been completed, and that between Tremont and Long-
wood entrances is nearly done. This leaves only the
Tremont entrance to be surfaced.
The ride through the Fens has been entirely finished, and
was opened December 28. A contract was made on May 3
with A. A. Libby & Co., for furnishing for the Fenway
1,770 linear feet of curbstone, at $1.53 per linear foot. The
contract was completed Octol)er 18.
There have been purchased during the year 44,215 paving-
blocks, at $45 per M, and 6,878 tons of stone for crushing,
at 79 and 80 cents per ton.
Filling, — Additional land was acquired for the boundary
roads at the Tremont entrance, and it was tilled by the
Boston & Albany Railroad Company for the sum. of 51 cents
per cubic 3^ard. The work was finished on May 18, and
required 14,092 cubic yards of filling.
Stony-brook Bridge. — This bridge, which was described
in the last annual report, was nearly finished at the date of
the report, but owing to various delays it was not entirely
completed until October 1. The total cost was $37,655.19.
Retaining -v.mU and Oidvert at BrooMine Avenue. — As
stated last year, this work was completed at that time, with
the exception of the l)owlder work forming the face of the
wall above the water. The latter work was done early in
the season, as was also the grading and surfacing in this
vicinity.
Grading of Slopes, Loaming, and Planting. — Most of the
grading and loaming has been finished, there remaining un-
finished only the ground occupied by the temporary headquar-
Engineering Department.
143
ters at Westland entrance, a small portion of. Tremont en-
trance, and some short sections of tree spaces along the
border walks. Most of the ground which is covered with
loam has been planted.
Miscellaneous. — The wooden gates at the outlet of the
pond, near Beacon street, have been rebuilt ; the plantations
on Commonwealth avenue, between Charlesgate west and
Beacon street, have been regraded and planted, and the iron
fence between Beacon street and the Boston & Albany E.R.
has been painted.
The following table gives the principal items of work com-
pleted to date :
Per cent,
of whole.
Channel excavated .
1,227,000 sq. ft.
100
Shore completed
26,700 lin. ft.
100
Marsh completed
833,000 sq. ft.
100
Driveways completed
75,000 sq. yds.
85
Walks completed
30,000 sq. yds.
57
Ride completed
14,000 sq. yds.
100
Curbstone set . . .
30,405 lin. ft.
88
Gutters paved
17,100 sq. yds.
86
Area covered with loam .
. 1,187,000 sq. ft.
87
Area planted .
. 1,002,000 sq. ft.
73
Boundary fence
5,687 lin. ft.
37
Drains laid
7,642 lin. ft.
Man-holes
6
Catch-basins .
98
Bridges and culverts
7
In addition, a large amount of work has been partially
completed which cannot be classified.
The usual force has been employed for the care of planta-
tions, roads, walks, etc., and the expense of the same
charged to the appropriation for maintenance.
Stony Brook and Muddy River.
Covered Channels. — These channels remain in the same
condition as they were one year ago. The Muddy-river
conduit is in bad condition, a portion of it near the gate-
chamber being propped up by inside timbering, which forms
a serious obstruction to the tiow of water through it, and
which will cause serious trouble should a flood occur before
this part of the channel is rebuilt.
144 City Document No. 10.
Muddy River.
Filling, Grading, and Lomn. — The grading on Section
C, under the contract with Edward F. Brigham, was com-
pleted early in the season. The final estimate was made
June 2, and the total amount paid was $13,944.31. Work
under the contract with Moulton & O'Mahoney is still in
progress, the payments to date amounting to $59,171.83.
The filling done on Audubon road by the Boston & Albany
Railroad Company, under its contract dated October 21 , 1891 ,
was completed July 28, 1892. The amount of tilling depos-
ited was 77,170 cubic yards, at the price of 55 cents per
cubic yard.
The Boston & Albany R.R. Company began work De-
cember 9, under its contract dated September 28, 1891, for
transporting loam from Basin G of the Boston Water-works ;
and this work is now in progress.
Bridges. — The bridge on Brookline avenue has been com-
pleted, with the exception of a portion of the parapet walls.
It is a masonry arch of 15 feet span, the abutments and face
walls being of granite resting on a pile and timber founda-
tion ; the faces of the walls which show above the ground are
of seamed faced granite, and the coping is of red granite. The
interior of the arch is of brick. The width of the structure,
at rioht angles to the line of the street, is 95 feet 6 inches,
and consists of a driveway, two walks, and a space to be
occupied by the 40-inch water main from the Brookline
Reservoir.
On April 6 contracts were made with Blanchard & Sias for
building bridges on Bellevue-street extension and on Tremont
street. Work on these bridges is now in progress.
On August 27 a contract was made with Kelly & O'Hearn,
of Brookline, for building three bridges and a culvert on the
line of the stream above Leverett Pond. These are small
masonry structures which carry the drive and walks across
the brook. They are nearly completed.
Each of these bridges and culverts is partly in Boston and
partly in Brookline, and the work is being done under the
direction of A. H. French, C.E., engineer for the Brookline
Park Commissioners. The working plans were prepared by
Mr. French, in consultation with this department, from pre-
liminary designs furnished by Messrs. F. L. Olmsted & Co.
Administration Building. — A contract was made on
September 26 with Charles H. Dodge, for the erection of a
building near Audubon road at its crossing over the Boston
& Albany R.R. Work was begun September 27, and it is
expected that it will be finished early in the coming season.
Engineering Department. 145
The buildiEg will contain offices for the police and other de-
partment employees, and toilet-rooms for the public.
Jamaicaway and Arborway.
A contract was made on January 2 with Pierce F. Loner-
gan, for building a drain 4 feet 6 inches in diameter and
1,300 feet in lengih, to carry the waters of the brook which
runs from the land west of Pond street to the Arboretum.
Work has not yet been commenced.
On January 16 a contract was made with Saucier Brothers
for the grading of the Parkway between Perkins and Centre
streets, on which contract work has not yet been commenced.
A contract was made on December 12 with Newell &
Snowling for grading the Parkway between Washington
street and Forest Hills street. This work has not been
commenced.
Arnold Arboretum.
The Walter-street road was finished early in the season,
and opened for travel on July 17. The road around the
north side of Bussey Hill and across the meadow to the
Parkway, opposite Orchard street, has been finished, and
was opened to the public on December 18. Three culverts
were built on the line of this road.
The road from the last-described road to the Parkway
near South street has been finished, but has not yet been
opened, as the approach to it on the Parkway from South
street has not been entirely graded.
The above completes the road-building in the Arboretum,
with the exception of the Parkway along the northerly
boundary.
The following table shows the amounts of the main items
of work done to date :
or 4.2
Driveways completed
Walks completed
Gutters paved
18-in. pipe drain
30,338 sq. yd
16,138 "
8,069 "
315 lin. ft.
15-in. pipe drain
298 "
12-in. pipe drain
612 ''
10-in. pipe drain
367 "
8-in. pipe drain
Agricultural tile drain
2,641 "
6,343 "
Catch-basins
63
Man-holes
2
Culverts
4
146 City Document No. 10.
Franklin Park.
Drives^ Rides, and Walks. — Glen lane was entirely
completed and opened to travel on August 13.
The entrances from Blue Hill avenue opposite Columbia
street and Glen road have been finished, including the
circle at the easterly end of the Greeting. The grounds in
this vicinity have been graded and seeded.
A shelter, designed by Messrs. Sturgis & Cabot, architects,
has been erected at the carriage-stand near the entrance op-
posite Columbia street, for the accommodation of visitors
waiting for the park carriages.
In the Wilderness all of the walks north of the brook have
been built, including the construction of several flights of
stone steps : the Circuit drive is sub-graded from the easterly
end of the Greeting to the Morton-street entrance ; the
drainage is provided for, the gutters have been paved, and
the driveway ballasted for all but 1,800 feet of its length.
The drive can be completed early in the coming season.
Drainage. — A culvert 185 feet in length, 4 feet 6 inches
wide, and 4 feet 6 inches high, has been built in the valley
near Canterbury street. The overflow and outlet for Scar-
boro' Pond has been built across Morton street.
Schoolmaster Hill. — The woodwork of the Arbor has
been put in place, and the framework for the roof of the
Shelter has been erected under the direction of the City
Architect. A contract has been made for covering the roof
with tiles.
Scarboro' Pond. — A contract was made on June 23 with
Rowe & Hall for completing the excavation of the ponds,
and the work is nearly done.
Miscellaneous. — Temporary buildings for the accommo-
dation of the public have been erected in the Wilderness and
in Long Crouch Woods.
The old fence walls in the Country Park have been removed
and the ground put in order.
Three hundred additional settees have been purchased.
The flock of sheep increased in number during the year to
188, and in December 60 wethers and old ewes were sold for
$256.44. The yield of wool was 815 pounds, which was sold
for $194.69.
The following table shows the principal items of work
completed to date, but it should not be understood to be a
complete statement of the work done, as a large amount of
labor has been expended on work which cannot be classified.
ENGmEERING DEPARTMENT.
147
Driveways completed
Walks completed . . 51,200
Kide completed . . 10,500
Gutters paved . . 18,000
Curbstone set
12-in. water-pipe laid
6-in. water-pipe laid
4-in. water-pipe laid
Hydrants
Drinking-fountains
Bridge ....
Gateways
Boundary wall
2-ft. 9-iu. brick drain
2-ft. X 2-ft. 6-in. brick drain
2-ft. brick drain
18. -in pipe drain
15-in. pipe drain
12-in. pipe drain
10-in. pipe drain
8-in. pipe dr<iin
4-in. pipe drain
4-in. agricultural tile drain
3-in. agricultural tile drain
2-in. agricultural tile drain
1^-in. agricultural tile drain
Total drains .
iSIan-holes
Catch-basins and inlets
Culverts
Open channel for brook
Area of ground finished, about
83,700 sq. yds., or 5| miles,
or 71 "
or 1 of a
mile.
9,000 1
n. ft.
200
((
3,500
((
1,150
((
7
8
1
4,468 lin. ft.
706
180
769
3,140
2,895
1,950
1,954
8,750
190
2,100
3,520
26,713
20,700
73,567 lin. ft
50
152
1
2,300 1
in. ft
200 acres.
Twenty-eight hundred linear feet of Circuit drive have
l)een ballasted, of which 2,300 linear feet have been covered
with crushed stone, and in addition 1,800 linear feet of drive
have been graded.
Franklin Field.
Surveys were made of this ground early in the season.
On August 22 a contract was made with Christopher McBride,
for building a drain which is designed to take the ordinary
flow of the brook running from the field. It is 2 feet in
diameter, 1,320 feet in length, and is at such grade that the
low ground can be underdrained. The work is nearly done.
148 City Document No. 10.
This drain is not designed to take care of the flow of the
brook at times of excessive rainfall, and the field at such
times will be flooded, as at present, to such a level that the
yield of the brook can flow ofl' through the old channel,
which must be kept open.
On December 3 a contract was made with P. F. Longer-
gan for the excavation of a temporary drainage-ditch around
the northerly and easterly sides of the field. Work was
begun on December 15, and is now in progress. The object
of this ditch is to intercept the flows of the brooks which
overflow the field.
Dorchester Park.
In the spring the grounds were cleared of rul)bish and
underbrush, and the dead trees were removed.
Marine Park.
Filling. — The tilling to be done under the contract with
Perkins & White, dated September 10, 1890, is still in prog-
ress, the amount of material deposited to date being 394,-
000 cubic yards. The drive and walk along the shore,
between the foot of Broadway and Sixth street, have been
sub-graded in readiness for surfacing under a contract with
Perkins & White, dated April 27, 1892.
Loam. — The ground to be planted southerly of Broad-
way extended has been covered with loam by Perkins &
White, under their contract dated October 12, 1891. The
amount of loam furnished was 9,503 cubic yards, at $1.39
per cubic yard. This ground was seeded to grass in the
spring.
Caf^ile-islcmd Bridge. — This is a temporary footbridge,
and was built by William L. IMiller, under a contract dated
July 14, 1891. The bridge, except the draw, was completed
June 2, at a cost of $31,973.06. This bridge was built on
the same general plan as the temporary pier built in 1885.
It consists of bents of oak piles, 3 piles and 2 spurshores to
each bent ; the bents are spaced 16 feet apart on centres, and
are capped with 6-in. X 12-in. hard-pine girder-caps ; on these
caps are placed hard-pine stringers, 2 ft. 6 in. apart on cen-
tres; the stringers are 3 in. X 14 in., except the outside
ones, which are 4 in. X 14 in. The floor is of 2-in. X 8-in.
hard-pine plank, planed on the upper side. There is a rail-
ing of hard pine, 3 feet high, on each side of the pier.
Seats are built against the railing on each side of the bridge
in alternate sections of 48 feet in length, thus occupying
one-half the lenslh of the bridge on each side.
Engineering Department. 149
The draw was finished on July 2 ; it consists of Pratt
trusses, 14 feet apart on centres, with Samson posts and
rods. The whole length is 108 feet, the draw-opening being
50 feet in width ; the whole is mounted on trucks. The
draw may be opened by running it towards Castle Island over
the floor of the bridge.
Owino- to delav in obtainins; from the United States au-
thorities permission to occupy Castle Island, the bridge and
island were not open to the public until July 29.
On September 6 a contract was made with Thomas Keyes,
for covering 211 linear feet of the bridge at the Castle-island
end with a wooden shelter of the same form as the shelter on
the pier. This was completed on November 12, at a cost of
$2,470.
Castle Island. — The grounds have been cleared of weeds
and rubbish, and the ruins of several old buildings removed.
Two buildings for ^vater-closets have been erected, and the
building formerly occupied by the commander of the garri-
son has been repaired for the use of the ordnance sergeant in
charge of the government property.
Miscellaneous. — Eighteen electric arc lights were placed
on the bridge and approach. AVork was begun late in the
fall repainting the iron pier, but owing to the inclemency of
the weather it was not completed.
Wood-island Park.
The only work of construction done during the year has
been the grading of the playground between the two hills.
This was done under a contract with Frank M. Wells, dated
May 27, 1892, and at a cost of $13,993.95.
Charlesbank.
No work of construction has been done at this park during
the year, except that required on the newly planted grounds.
Men's Gymnasium. — This was opened on May 20, and
was kept open until nine o'clock in the evening until Novem-
ber 1, and since that date until dark. The total attendance
to December 31 was 148,336, of which 46,903 were present
after six o'clock P.]M. The attendance was not as large as
in 1891, owing to the gymnasium not having been opened
until two months later" in 1892 than in 1891. Comparing
the attendance last year with that of 1891 after May 20, there
was an increase of about 6,000 in 1892.
During the summer classes for light athletic exercises were
organized b}^ the superintendent, and were very popular.
For this purpose a platform was made from the plank-walks
150 City Document No. 10.
which are used in winter, and dumb bells, bar bells, and
Indian clubs were added to the apparatus.
There were four accidents reported during the 3'^ear, but
none of them was of a serious nature. The need of better
bathinof and dressiniz; accommodations was shown more than
ever during the past season.
Skating. — During the recent cold weather the experiment
was tried of covering the grounds with ice by Hooding and
sprinkling while the ground was frozen. A good surface for
skating was secured, but with the small fixtures for obtain-
ing water on the ground the work of flooding is necessarily-
slow. The attendance has been all the grounds could ac-
commodate, having been as high as 2,600 in one day; the
largest number admitted to the grounds in one day since they
were first opened.
Women's Gymnasium and Girls' Playground. — This was
opened on June 1 and was closed on October 31, and was, as
in 1891, in charge of the Massachusetts Emergency and
Hygiene Association. The report of this association to the
Park Commissioners gives the attendance and other matters
of interest.
Miscellaneous. — Considerable work has been done keep-
ing the grounds, fences, and apparatus in repair, and
everything is in good condition. Settees have been placed
alonsc the walk borderino- Charles street.
Chahlestown Heights.
On February 12 a contract was made with Jeremiah Sulli-
van for o-radino; the orrounds. Work was begun on March
8, and the contract was completed on July 19, the amount
paid being $5,229.56. A contract was made on August 22
with Eichard D. Shanahan, for building a wall on the line of
Medford street, and on a portion of the property line on the
southerly side of the park. This was finished on December
13, at a cost of $5,900. The wall is of granite, and is
4 feet high, capped with a granite coping 10 inches high
and 2 feet wide. There are two openings in the wall for
entrances, and the wall at these openings is finished by
granite posts 5 feet high.
The walls supporting the terraces have been completed,
with the exception of the parapets.
The drainage system has been entirely completed.
The surplus stone found in the excavation, and not used
in the walls, has been broken up and deposited on the walks
for surfacing.
Engineering Department. 151
A considerable quantity of loam and manure has been pur-
chased.
Charlestown Playground.
The walls of the old tannery have been removed and the
upland graded. A large amount of filling was brought from
Charlestown Heights, under the contract for grading that
ground, and considerable filling has been received during the
year from the Street Department and from individuals.
152 City Document No. 10.
E.
[FROM THE CITY ENGINEER'S REPORT TO THE STREET
DEPARTMENT.]
A statement of the street-paving work done by contract
has been arranged in tabular form, and two sheets accom-
panying this report show the details of the work and the
prices paid for doing the same.
As was explained at greater length in the report of last
year, the averages given have only a general value, as each
piece of work done varies from the others in essential par-
ticulars.
The specifications for granite blocks vary from those of
last year in the length of the block called for, the length this
year being from 9 to 14 inches, to average 11 J inches, in-
stead of — as last year — 8 to 12 inches, to average 10 inches.
As a result of the change about 23 blocks per square yard
have been used, instead of about 25 as laid last year ; but
very few small blocks were used.
Under 56 agreements 5.97 miles of streets have been
paved at a cost of $193,595.85 paid to the contractors, and
at a total cost to the city, including the material and labor
furnished by the Street Department, of $435,160.20.
The following are the principal items of work done :
Block-stone paving on a concrete base laid with pitch joints,
17,089.6 square yards, at an average cost of about $4.75 per
square yard. Block-stone paving on a gravel base laid with
pitch joints, 2,282 square yards, at an average cost of about
$3.70 per square yard. Block-stone paving on a gravel
base with gravel joints, 45,170 square yards, at an average
cost of about $3.10 per square yard. Trinidad sheet asphalt
on a concrete base and on an old cobble-stone paving base,
20,829 square yards, at an average cost of about $3.60 per
square yard. Sicilian sheet asphalt on a concrete base,
3,329 square yards, at an average cost of about $3.60 per
square yard. Asphalt block pavement on a sand base,
4,232 square yards, at an average cost of about $3.25 per
square yard.
Edgestone set, 36,443 linear feet.
Brick sidewalks relaid, 24,310 square yards.
Flagging cross-walks laid, 3,212 square yards.
Engineering Department. 153
The following is a description of the paving clone. The
details of cost and quantities are shown in a tabular statement.
Athens Street.
Athens street, from B street to C street, South Boston,
was paA^ed by H. Gore & Co., with Sicilian rock asphalt, on a
Portland cement concrete base. The old macadam surface
was utilized on neighboring streets, and the old cobble-stones
from the gutters were hauled to the Broadway crusher ;
edgestones, flagging, and paving-bricks were delivered on
the street by the city. Two new catch-basins were liuilt.
Beacon Street.
•Beacon street, from Dartmouth street to Gloucester street,
was paved with sheet asphalt on a concrete base , by the Bar-
ber Asphalt Paving Co., excepting about 150 feet in length at
Gloucester street, which was paved with Hastings asphalt
blocks laid on a gravel base by the Metropolitan Construction
Company, The surface removed was macadam. The road-
bed was prepared by the regular force of the Street Depart-
ment, which also disposed of the surplus material. The
concrete base was laid by the Metropolitan Construction
Company. During the work the 40-inch main water-pipe
across the old inlet sluices of the full basin of the Boston
Water Power Company was uncovered. It was formerly
carried in a heavy wooden box for about 150 feet in
length, supported by the old stone piers at intervals of about
25 feet. It had been buried for many years, and the wooden
trusses were in bad condition, the old wooden box was re-
moved, and piles were driven and capped between the old
piers to support the pipe ; the excavation was refilled with
the old road material. Edgestones were reset by F. H.
Cowin & Co., and the brick sidewalks were relaid by F. H.
Cowin & Co. and James Grant.
Border Street.
Border street, from White street to Condor street. East
Boston, was paved by H. Gore & Co., with granite blocks
on a gravel base. The old surface was of macadam, which
was delivered with the surplus material on other streets
within a distance of one mile. Blocks, edgestone, flagging,
and paving-bricks were delivered on the street by the city.
The retaining-wall on and near Condor street was par-
tially rebuilt, and built to grade, as a part of the same con-
tract. A substantial iron fence was built on the line of the
154 City Document No. 10.
wall by George T. McLauthlin & Co. Three new catch-
basins were built.
Border street, from North Ferry to Sumner street, East
Boston, was paved by A. A. Libby & Co., with the old
granite blocks on a gravel base. The street-railway tracks
were relaid, and the foot- walks rearranged to correspond to
the relocation of the ferry entrances. The surplus earth was
disposed of by the contractor. New blocks, edgestones,
flagging, and bricks were furnished by the city on the
ground. Two catch-basins were filled up, and one new one
was built.
BOYLSTON StKEET.
Boylston street, from Church street to Arlington street,
was paved with granite blocks on a gravel base, with pitch
joints, by J. Doherty & Co. The old surface was of
macadam, which was removed and delivered within one mile
where required. The new stone blocks, edgestone, and
flagging furnished by the city were hauled by the contractors
from the Albany-street yard, and paving-bricks were delivered
by the city on the work. One new catch-basin was built.
Broadway.
Broadway from A street towards Dorchester avenue,
South Boston, was paved with Sicilian rock asphalt on an
American cement concrete base, by the National Construction
Co. The former surface was paved with granite blocks,
which were hauled to Seventh street between D and E
streets, and to Sixth street between M and O streets, and
the surplus material was taken to Vale street. Edgestones
and bricks were delivered on the work by the city.
Brighton Street.
Brighton street, from Allen street to Leverett street, was
paved by the Barber Asphalt Paving Co., with Trinidad
sheet asphalt laid on the old cobble-stone pavement. The
old pavement was partly relaid, and the remains of a former
asphalt covering removed in part. A partial base or binder
course of coal-tar concrete was laid over the old pavement.
The sub-grading was done and the sidewalks put in order by
P. W. Hernan.
Cabot Street.
Cabot street, from Ruggles street to Yernon street, was
paved by the Barber Asphalt Paving Co., with Trinidad
asphalt on an American cement concrete base. The old
Engineering Department. 155
street surface was of macadam. The sub-grading was done
by the Street Department. The concrete was laid by the
Metropolitan Construction Co., and the sidewalks and edge-
stones were relaid by T. Payson. One new catch-basin was
built.
Chardon Street.
Chardon street, from Bowdoin square to Merrimac street,
was paved with granite blocks, with pitch joints, on a con-
crete base, by Jones & Meehan. The old surface was paved
with cobble-stones, which were sold to the city of Cambridge.
The surplus earth was disposed of by the contractors.
Paving-blocks, edgestones, and flagging were furnished by
the city at the West yard on Commercial street, and the
paving-bricks were delivered on the work. This street was
paved with a special stone block, which was about one inch
less in depth than the standard block. One new catch-basin
was built.
Charles Street.
Charles street, from Beacon street to Pinckney street, was
paved by J. Doherty & Co., with granite blocks, laid with
pitch joints on a concrete base. The old paving was of
granite blocks, which were culled and the best used in the
new work. The surplus blocks were removed by the Street
Department. The sub-grading, from Beacon to Mt, Yernon
street, was done by the Street Department. The remainder
of the sub-grading was done by J. Doherty & Co., who
disposed of the useless and surplus material. The concrete
base was laid by the Metropolitan Construction Co. Edge-
stones and sidewalks were laid by J. Grant. Paving-blocks,
flagging, and paving-bricks were furnished by the city.
Cherry Street.
Cherry street, from Shawmut avenue to Washington
street, was paved by the Barber Asphalt Paving Co., with
Trinidad sheet asphalt laid on an American cement concrete
base. The former surface was of macadam. The sub-
grading was done by J. Casey. The concrete base was laid
by the Metropolitan Construction Co., and the sidewalks
were put in order by the Street Department.
Davis Street.
Davis Street, from Washington street to Harrison avenue,
was paved with Trinidad sheet asphalt, on an American
cement concrete base, by the Barber Asphalt Paving Co.
156 City Document No. 10.
The former surface was of macadam. The sub-o;radino^ was
done by the Street Department. The concrete base was
laid by the Metropolitan Construction Co., and the sidewalks
were put in order by D. Sullivan.
Decatue Street.
Decatur street, from Washington street to Harrison ave-
nue, was paved by H. Gore & Co. with Sicilian rock
asphalt, on an American cement concrete base. The former
surface was of macadam. The sub-grading was done by the
Street Department. The concrete base was laid by the Met-
ropolitan Construction Co., and the sidewalks put in order
by P. W. Hernan.
Dorchester Avenue.
Estimates were made early in the year for putting this
avenue in order from South Boston line to Adams street,
Dorchester, and a large amount of work has been done upon
it. From Washburn street to Pond street both sides of the
street between the curb and the railway track have been
paved. From Pond street to Belfort street the w^esterly
side of the street has been paved, the easterly side being
already paved. From Belfort street to Adams street the
avenue was already paved on both sides. From Adams
street to Park street the avenue has been paved on both sides
of the street-railway track. From Park street to Ashmont
street the avenue has been graded, a new double street-rail-
way track laid, and the roadway on the easterly side of the
track paved. On the westerly side of the track, the old
macadam surface was in fair condition from Park street to
Centre street, and it was repaired and put in order ; from
Centre street to Ashmont street a new " Telford-Macadam "
road has been built on the westerly side of the street. All
the paving has been made of granite blocks on a gravel base,
and there is now a continuous paved roadway from the
city to Ashmont street. From Ashmont street to Rich-
mond street a new single street-railway track, being the
easterly section of a future double track, has been laid. The
street was graded, a heavy rock cut was made near Rich-
mond street, and a heavy fill made, with slopes covering the
old retaining-walls, in the valley between Codman and Rich-
mond streets. This section of the avenue was finished with
a " Telford-Macadam" surface, the stone from the rock cut
being utilized for this purpose. The improvement has been
carried to a point about three hundred feet beyond Richmond
street ; beyond that point, in the short distance to Adams
Engineering Department. 157
street, another heavy rock cut will be required before the im-
provements are completed. The block paving was done by
H. Gore & Co. and C. J. Coates, and portions of the street
were graded by J. Donnellen, J. J. Sullivan, and J.
McGovern. The rock- work, Telford road-making, and a
large part of the grading, was done by the Street Department.
Eleven new catch-basins were built.
Eliot Street.
Eliot street, from Washington street to Pleasant street,
was paved with granite blocks on a concrete base, by C. B.
Pay son & Co. The old pavement was of granite blocks,
which were relaid on Stanhope, Pleasant, and other streets.
The sui'plus earth was delivered on Huntington avenue, be-
yond Gainsborough street. IS^ew granite blocks, edgestones,
and flagging were furnished by the city at the Albany-street
yard, and the bricks were delivered on the work. The
street-railway was relaid and paved with the old granite
blocks on a gravel base, and the space between the double
tracks was paved with new granite blocks on a gravel base.
Two new catch-basins were built.
EusTis Street.
Eustis street, from Washing-ton street to Dearborn street,
was paved with granite blocks on a gravel base, by A. A.
Libby & Co. The old surface was of macadam with cobble
srutters. The old cobble-stones were delivered at the Dimock-
street crusher, and the surplus material was used on streets
within one-half mile. Granite blocks, edgestones, and flag-
ging were furnished by the city at the Albany-street yard,
and the paving-bricks were delivered on the ground. Two
new catch-basins were built.
Florence Street.
Florence street, from Washington street to Harrison avenue,
was paved by the Metropolitan Construction Co., with
Hastings asphalt blocks on a 4-in. American cement con-
crete base. The former surface was of macadam. The
sub-grading was done by the Street Department, and the
sidewalks were put in order by D. Sullivan.
India Street.
India street, in front of the Custom-house, was paved by
J. Doherty & Co., with granite blocks laid with pitch joints,
on a concrete base. The old paving, of large granite blocks
158 City Document No. 10.
about one foot square, was removed by J. J. Sullivan, and
the sub-grading was done by the Street Department, and the
concrete base was laid by H. P. Nawn. The edgestone,
flagging, and sidewalks were relaid by J. Doherty & Co.
The granite blocks, edgestone, flagging, and bricks were fur-
nished on the ground by the city.
Kemble Street.
Kemble street, from Gerard street to Magazine street,
was paved by Collins & Ham, with granite blocks on a
gravel base. This was an ungraded street ; it was graded
by the contractors, and the surplus material was delivered to
the city on East Chester Park extension, to abate a nuisance
caused by standing water. Stone blocks, edgestones, and
flagging were delivered to the contractors by the city at the
Albany-street yard, and paving-bricks were delivered on
the ground. Two new catch-basins were built.
From Gerard street to Hampden street the street was par-
tially paved by the same contractors, under an extension of
their contract. Work was stopped by cold weather, and the
time for finishing it has been extended to allow of its com-
pletion in the spring. Four additional catch-basins were
built.
MoTTE Street.
Motte street, from Washington street to Harrison avenue,
was paved by H. Gore & Co., with Sicilian rock sheet asphalt
laid on an American cement base. The former street surface
was granite block paving. The sub-grading was done by
the Street Department, the concrete base was laid by H.
P. Nawn, and the sidewalks put in order by F. H.
Co win & Co.
Prentiss Street.
Prentiss street, from Tremont street through Hallock
street, was paved by H. Gore & Co., with granite blocks on
a gravel base. The old surface was of macadam. The sur-
plus material was delivered where required within one-half
mile, and the old cobble gutter-stones were delivered to the
Tremont-street crusher. Paving-blocks, edgestones, and
flagging were furnished by the city at the Albany-street
yard ; the bricks were delivered to the contractor on the
street.
Rutherford Avenue.
Eutherford avenue, from Essex street to Allen street, was
paved with granite blocks on gravel by J. Turner & Co.
Engineering Department. 159
The roadbed was prepared and all materials were furnished
bj' the Street Department. Eight new catch-basins were
built.
School Street.
School street, from Washington street to Tremont street,
was paved by C. B, Payson & Co. with granite blocks, with
pitch joints, on a concrete base. The old surface was paved
with granite blocks, which were all removed, with the sur-
plus material, by H. P. Nawn. The concrete base was laid
by the Metropolitan Construction Company. Granite blocks
were specially prepared for this work ; the granite blocks,
edoestones, flaooing, and bricks were delivered on the
ground.
Washington Street.
Washington street, from Cornhill to Essex and Boylston
streets, was paved by Jones & Meehan (excepting a small
portion b}'' C. B. Payson &, Co.) with granite blocks, with
pitch joints, on a concrete base. The old surface was granite
block paving, which was hauled to Dorchester avenue, be-
yond Field's Corner. The surplus earth was disposed of by
the contractors ; part of it was hauled to the South Boston
flats, and a part to the vicinity of Huntington avenue. The
stone blocks were furnished by the city at the Boston Wharf
Company's wharf on Fort Point channel ; edgestone and
flagging were furnished by the city at the Albany-street
yard ; the bricks were delivered on the work.
The street railroad was entirely rebuilt by the West End
Company, with an improved rail. The paving between the
rails is of the same quality, including the concrete founda-
tion, as the rest of the street, and the tracks were laid to a
grade conforming with the new street surface. Ten new
catch-basins were built, giving much better surface drainage
than before.
West Chester Park.
West Chester park from Columbus avenue to Tremont
street, on the northerly side of the central parkway, was
paved with Hastings asphalt blocks, on a gravel base, by the
Metropolitan Construction Company. The former surface
was of macadam ; the sub-grading was done and the side-
walks put in order by the Street Department.
West Chester Park and Chester Square.
West Chester park and Chester square, from Columbus
avenue to Washington street, on the southerly side of the
160 City Document No. 10.
central parkway, was paved by the Earlier Asphalt Paving
Company with sheet asphalt, on an American cement con-
crete base. The sub-grading was done by the Street
Department, the concrete base was laid by the Metropolitan
Construction Company, and the edgestones and sidewalks
were put in order by the Street Department.
West Newton Street.
West Newton Street, from Shawmut avenue to Washing-
ton street, was paved by the Metropolitan Construction
Company with Hastings asphalt blocks, laid on a sand base.
The former surface was of macadam. The sub-grading was
done by the Street Department, and the sidewalks were put
in order by P. W. Hernan.
West Second Street.
West Second street, from B street to E street, South Bos-
ton, was paved by H. Gore & Co. with granite blocks, on a
gravel base. The old surface was of cobble-stone paving.
The cobble-stones were sold to the city of Cambridge, and
the surplus material was used to fill streets on the South
Boston flats. Granite blocks were furnished by the city at
the L-street extension, the edgestones and flagging at the
Albany-street yard, and the paving-bricks were delivered on
the street. Three new catch-basins were built.
Commonwealth Avenue.
The plans, specifications, and form of contract for filling
the additional width of Commonwealth avenue, between
Pleasant street and the forks of the road at the corner of
Beacon street, not including a section at the Cottage Farm
Bridge, were prepared early in the year, and a contract dated
May 4, 1892, was made with the Boston Contracting Com-
pany for furnishing and delivering about 136,000 cubic yards
of clean filling, at the rate of 49^ cents per cubic yard. The
material has been taken from a hill in Brookline near Har-
vard avenue, a short distance from the corner of Common-
wealth avenue and Brighton avenue. A standard gauge
track was laid, and Fel)ruary 1, 1893, about 76,000 cubic
yards of material, measured in the fill, had been delivered
on the avenue. > Between Cottage Farm Bridge and Pleas-
ant street, on the marsh, the mud proved to be deep and
soft, and a very large displacement took place, probably
amounting to 14,000 cubic yards or more.
The contract required the material to be measured in the
Engineering Department. 161
fill, and owing to the large quantity of tilling required to
make good the displacement of the mud, for which no payment
could be made under the contract, work was discontinued b>'
the contractors. The Cit}' Council, however, authorized the
payment of the sum of $7,000 on account of the displace-
ment, the contract was moditied so that the city pays the
contractors, for moving the material only, the sum of o7 cents
per cubic yard measured in the lill, the owners of the gravel
bank being paid Ijy the city 12i cents per cubic yard for the
filling measured in the ])ank, and the contractors resumed
work. Under the original contract with the Boston Con-
tracting Company, 46,640 cubic yards were measured and
paid for; under the modified contract 29,542 cubic yards had
been delivered to February 1, 1893.
Plans.
The Street Department has turned over to the care of this
department a set of sectional plans covering a large part of the
city, and known as '' Sidewalk Plans." They are intended to
show all structures, whether covered or exposed, and whether
belonging to private corporations or to the city, existing in
every street. The set is imperfect, and is so many years
behind in its corrections as to be of little use. The
engineering force, not otherwise occupied, has been em-
ployed in an attempt to bring this set of plans up to date.
As the information must he sought for largely on the
street itself, progress is necessarily very slow, and the
present availalde force will never be able to bring all the
plans up to date at the same time. It is hoped, however,
that a system may be arranged by which all changes shall be
a matter of record when they are made, and the task of
keeping up the plans thus be one of compilation only, after
they are once brought up to date. The work can then be
carried on in the winter, and the larger part of the force re-
quired for summer work kept employed, and skilled men be
available when the active season for out-of-door work opens.
This set of plans will lie of great value when completed, and
carefully corrected once a year.
Tables.
The talile showing the lengths of accepted streets and the
areas of various kinds of pavement have been corrected to
February 1, 1893. The streets laid out as highways during
the 3^ear l)y the Street Commissioners have been added,
those discontinued deducted, and the changes in the char-
acter of surfaces of the streets have been compiled.
1G2
City Document No. 10,
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Engineering Departivient. 163
L-STREET Bridge. — Abutment.
The contract for building the abutment of L-street bridge,'
which was let to Perkins & White under date of October 28,
1891, was comoleted in November, 1892, at a cost of
$6,231.71.
L-street Bridge. — Retaining-walls.
A contract for building two retaining-walls between the
abutment and the bulkhead luiilt in 1891, and filling the
space enclosed, was awarded to Thomas A. Rowe, of Boston.
Work was commenced July 19, 1892, and completed in
November, at a cost of $9*824.73.
Malden Bridge. — Draw.
This draw has been entirely rebuilt during the year, under
a contract with Josiah Shaw, of Somerville. The draw is of
the same form and general dimensions as the old one, and
rests on a new turn-table. The foundations were also re-
built, all the work above the piles being new, and twelve new
piles were driven.
RoxBURY Canal. — Sea-wall.
Plans and specifications were made in April, 1891, for
liuilding a sea-wall on Roxbury Canal at the Albany-st. pav-
ing-wharf, similar to that built at the wharf of the AVater De-
partment in 1888. The work was advertised October, 1892.
October 22 a contract was made with Thomas A. Rowe,
of Boston, for building the wall, and it was completed Jan-
uary 9, 1893, at a cost of $12,657.
164 City Document No. 10.
SAFETY OF PLANS AND RECORDS.
The offices occupied by this department are not at all fire-
proof, and consequently, if a fire should occur, valuable
records, plans, original note-books, etc., would be destroyed,
entailing great loss and inconvenience. The City Hall, to
and including the third floor, is of fire-proof construction,
and I recommend that the fourth and fifth floors be recon-
structed so as to be fire-proof.
WIDTHS OF DRAW-OPENINGS.
The table showing the widths of draw-openings in the
bridges over tide-water in this city is given in Appendix A.
The openings have all been remeasured for this report.
Respectfully submitted,
William Jackson,
City Engineer.
CITY EISTGHSTEERS.
1850-1893.
E. S. CHESBROUGH, M. Am. Soc. C. E.,
Nov. 18, 1850, to Oct., 1855.
(Died August 18, 1886.)
JAMES SLADE,
Oct. 1, 1855, to April 1, 1863.
(Died August 25, 1882.)
N. HENRY CRAFTS,
April 1, 1863, to Nov. 25, 1872.
JOSEPH P. DAVIS, M. Am. Soc. C. E.,
Nov. 25, 1872, to March 20, 1880.
(Resigned March 20, 1880.)
HENRY M. AYIGHTJMAN, M. Am. Soc. C. E.,
April 5, 1880, to April 3, 1885.
(Died April 3, 1885.)
WILLIAM JACKSON, M. Am. Soc. C. E.,
April 21, 1885, to present time.
166
City Document No. 10.
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ENGESfEERING DEPARTMENT. 167
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168 City Docuivient No. 10.
APPENDIX B.
City of Boston, Revised Ordinances, 1892.
CHAPTER 12.
ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT.
Section 1. The engineering department sliall be under the
charge of the city engineer, who shall be consulted on all matters
relating to pnblic improvements of every kind where the advice
of a civil engineer would be of service ; shall, unless otherwise
specially provided, take charge of the construction of all public
works of the city which properly come under the direction of a
civil engineer ; shall, except as to sewers, perform all engineering
services, and make all examinations and prepare all statements,
plans, specifications, and contracts which any department may
need in the discharge of its duties r shall, upon being notified
by the superintendent of streets, supervise all repairs on the
bridges of the city used as highways which affect the safety of
the structures, and shall, wheu required by the mayor or by any
officer or board in charge of a department, measure the work
done by contract for the city, and certify to the result of such
measurement.
Sect. 2. Said engineer shall in his annual report include a
report of the safety and completeness of all ponds, basins, and
reservoirs under the charge of the water-supply department, and
of all bridges within the city limits used as highways.
ENGINEERmG DEPARTMENT.
169
APPEOT3IX C.
Engineering Department, Property Schedule, Main Office.
1 horse.
2 carriages.
1 sleigh.
2 harnesses.
3 robes.
Instruments for drawing.
Instruments for surveying,
follows :
2 Temple transits.
5 Buff & Berger transits.
5 Gurley transits.
I Stackpole transit.
3 Temple levels.
4 Buff & Berger levels.
5 Gurley levels.
II Boston rods.
4 New York rods.
3 Troy rods.
Cases for plans and books.
Reference Library, 936 vols.
8,809 Plans Engineering Works,
loose.
14 vols. Plans Engineering
Works, bound.
Photographs of Engineering
Works.
Apparatus for blue-printing.
1 microscope.
1 mercurial barometer.
1 aneroid barometer.
1 holosteric barometer.
1 set hydrometers.
1 hygrometer.
1 pair field-glasses.
2 typewriters.
2 dynamometers.
1 pentagraph.
1 calculating-machine.
1 volt meter.
170 City Document No. 10.
APPENDIX D.
Elevations referred to Boston city base. (The city base is 0.64 ft. below-
mean low tide.)
Feet.
0.00 City base.
15.66 Highest tide, April, 1851.
15.33 Coping of dry dock, Charlestown Navy Yard.
12.94 Greatest elevation of high tide per U.S. Tide Table, June
14, 1893 (11.70 + 0.64) := 12.34.
10.44 Mean high water.
8.64 Least elevation of high tide per U.S. Tide Table, Feb. 11,
1893 (7.40 + 0.64) =z8.04.
2.84 Greatest elevation of low tide per U.S. Tide Table, April
8, 1893 (2.2 + 0.64) =2.84.
0.64 Mean low tide.
— 1.96 Lowest elevation of low tide per U.S. Tide Table, April
18, 1893 (—1.8 + 0.64) = 1.16.
5.00 Piles cut off for building.
9.91 Water-works base (approx. tide marsh level).
9.82 South Boston base.
' — 4.98 Cambridge city base.
0.38 South Boston Flats base.
1 Cambridge city base is 4.98 ft. below Boston city base.
Engineering Department.
171
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CONTENTS REPORT ENGINEERING DEPART-
MENT FOR 1892.
[General index to contents Engineering Department Reports, 1867-1S92, will be found in
Report of February 1, 1892.]
PAGE
A. — Engineering Department 1
Statement OP Expenses, Engineering Department 2
" " " Allston bridge ;',
" " " Federal-street bridge 4
" " " Improved sewerage 6
" " " L-street bridge . 4
" " " Rebuilding bridges to Watertown . . 5
" " " Statues — Robert G. Shaw, Monu-
ment 5
Bridges inspected 11
' ' wholly supported by Boston 11
" of which Boston supports the part within its limits .... 1:^
" " " pays a part of the cost of mainte-
nance ] 8
" supported by railroad corporations 13
" " " " " Boston & Albany
R.R 13
" . " " " Boston & Maine
R.R.,W. Div.... 13
" 41 i< ii (i Boston & Maine
R.R., East. Div.. 13
" " " " " Boston, Revere
Beach, & Lvnn
R.R ". .. 13
" " " New York & New
England R.R 13
Old Colony R.R... 14
Old Colony R.R.,
Providence Div. 14
" Total number (110) 14
Bridges 11
Agassiz road. Back-bay fens , 15
Albany street, over B. & A. R.R 15
Allston, over B. & A. R.R 15, 29
Ashland street, over Prov. Div. O. C. R.R 15
Athens street, over N. Y. & N. E. R.R 15
Beacon entrance, Back-bay fens 15
Beacon street, over outlet to Back -bay fens 15
Beacon street, over B. & A. R.R 16
Berkeley street, B. & A. R.R 16
Berkeley street, Prov. Div. O. C. R.R 16
Blakemore street, over Prov. Div. O. C. R.R 16
Bolton street, N. Y. & N. E. R.R 16
Boylston street, B. & A. R.R 16
Boylston street, Back-bay fens 16
Broadway, over Fort-point channel 17
Broadway, over B. & A. R.R 17
Broadway, over N. Y. & N. E. R.R 29
Brookline avenue, over B. «& A. R.R 17
174 City Document No. 10.
Bridges, Continued. page
Byron street, B., R. B , & L. R.R 17
Cambridge street . . 17
Canal or Craigie's 18
Castle-island, footbridge 18, 31
Central avenue 18
Centre street or Hog, over Prov. Div. O. C. R.R 29
Charles river 18
Chelsea (North) 19
Chelsea (South) 19
Chelsea street , 20
Columbus avenue, over B. & A. R.R 20
Commercial Point, or Tenean 20
Commonwealth avenue. Back-bay fens 20
Congress street .... 20
Cornwall street, over Stony brook 21
Cottage-street footbridge 21
Cottage Farm, over B. & A. R.R 29
Dartmouth street, over B. & A. R.R., and Prov. Div. O. C.
R.R. 21
Dorchester street, over O. C. R.R 21
Dorchester ave., over N. Y. & N. E. R.R 29
Dover street 21
Essex street. .... 22
Everett street, over B. & A . R.R 22
Federal street 22
Fen bridge. Back-bay fens 22
Ferdinand street, over B. & A. R.R 22
Fourth street, over N. Y. & N. E. R.R 29
Franklin-street footbridge, B. & A. R.R 22
Gold-street footbridge, over N. Y. & N. E. R.R 23
Granite . 23
Harvard to Cambridge 23
Harvard street, over N. Y. & N. E. R.R.. 29
Huntington avenue, over B. &, A. R.R 23
Irvington- street foot-bridge, over Prov. Div. O. C. R.R. . . 24
L-street bridge 78
Leyden street, E., R. B., & L. R.R 24
Linden Park street, over Stony brook 24
Longwood avenue 24
Maiden , 24
Mattapan 24
Meridian street 25
Milton 25
Mt. Washington avenue 25
Neponset 25
Neptune road, over B., R. B., & L. R.R 25
Newton street, over Prov. Div. O. C. R.R 26
Norfolk street, over N. Y. & N. E. R.R. . . 29
North Beacon street 26
North Harvard street 20
Prison Point 26
Public Garden footbridge 26
Savin Hill avenue, over O. C. R.R 29
Shawmut avenue, over B. & A. R.R 27
Sixth street, over N. Y. & N. E. R.R 29
Spring street 27
Stony brook, Back-bay fens 27
Swett-street bridges (over south bay sluices) 27
Warren 27
Washington street 29
Western avenue to Cambridge 27
Western avenue to Watertown 28
West Boston 28-83
Engineering Department. 175
Bridges, Continued. page
West Chester park, over B. & A. R.R 28
West Chester park, over Prov. Div. O. C. R.R 28
West Rutland-square footbridge, over Prov. Div. O. C. R.R., 28
Winthrop 28
Miscellaneous Work and Construction in 1802 29
AUston bridge 29
Boston Common 31
Castle-island bridge 31
Charles-river pollution (with tables) 31
East Boston tunnel 75
Electric lighting 78
Ferry Department 78
L-street bridge 78
" " abutment 80,163
" " retaining-walls 80,163
Maiden-bridge draw 80, 163
Roxbury-canal sea-wall . 80, 103
Rapid transit 80
Robert G. Shaw, Monument 80
West Boston bridge 83
Westei-n avenue or Arsenal-street bridge 84
Safety of plans and records 164
B. — Water-Works So
Additional supply 95
Aqueducts and distributing reservoirs 89
Basin 6, work done during 1892 96
Consumption 93
Distribution 94
Distribution system 97
Farm pond 87, 89
High-service pumping-stations 90
Lake Cochituate 87, 89
Mystic lake 91
Mystic supply filtration 97
Mystic-valley sewer . . . 91
Mystic conduit and reservoir. 92
Mystic pumping-station 92
Miscellaneous 121
Reservoir No. 1 86, 88, 89
" 2 86,88, 89
" 3 87,88,89
" 4 87,89
Sewerage systems. South Framingham, Marlboro', West-
boro', Natick 97
Sources of supply 86
Table showing daily average cousumption of water in gal-
lons from the Cochituate and Mystic works, 123
" " diversion of Sudbury-river water, 1884-92. . . 124
" " amount of water diverted from Sudbury river
to Lake Cochituate and Chestnut-hill res-
ervoir; amount wasted ; amount of flow in
river; percentage of rainfall collected, etc.,
1875-1892 125
" " amount of water drawn from Mystic lake;
amount wasted; amount of rainfall col-
lected in lake ; percentage of rainfall col-
lected, etc., 1876 to 1892 128
" " amount of water drawn from Lake Cochit-
uate ; amount wasted ; amount of rainfall
collected in lake; amount received into
lake from Sudbury river; percentage of
rainfall collected, etc., 1852-1892; water-
shed of lake, 12,077 acres 126
176 City Document No. 10,
Water- Works, Continued. page
Table showing the average monthly and yearly heights
above tide-marsh level of the water in the
lakes and reservoirs of the Boston Water-
Works 129
" " operations at the Chestnut-hill puraping-
station for 1892 130
" " operations at the Mystic pumping-station for
1892 131
" " rainfall in inches and hundredths on the Sud-
bury-river water-shed for the year 1892 .... 132
" " rainfall in inches and hundredths at Lake
Cochituate for the year 1892 133
" " rainfall in inches and hundredths on the
Mystic-lake water-shed for the year 1892 . . 134
" " monthly rainfall in inches during 1892 at
various places in Eastern Massachusetts. . . 135
'• " rainfall received and collected, 1892 136
" " the temperature of air and water at various
stations on the Water-Works 137
" " miles of pipe, different sizes in use in large
cities of the United States, January, 1892. . 101
" " percentage of difF-^^rent sizes of pipe used Jan-
uary, 1892 102
" " number of hydrants and fire reservoirs in use
in different cities 104
C. — Improved Sewerage, or Main Drainage . 138
Appropriations and expenditures 138
Dorchester :
Sections 6, 8 139
Outfall sewer :
Sections 138
Section 3, C 138
Stony-brook improvement 140
East shaft 141
D. — Parks 142
Arnold Arboretum 145
The Parkway. Back-bay Fens 142
Brookline avenue retaining-wall and culvert 142
Filling 142
Grading of slopes, loaming, and planting 142
Miscellaneous 143
Roadways, walks 142
Stony-brook bridge 142
Charlesbank 149
Men's Gymnasium 149
Skating 150
Women's Gymnasium and Girls' Playground 150
Cliarlestown parks ... 150
Charlestown Heights 150
Cliarlestown playground 151
Dorchester park 148
Franklin park 146
Franklin Field 147
Drives, rides, and walks 146
Drainage 146
Miscellaneous 146
Scarboro' pond 146
Schoolmaster hill 146
Jamaicaway and Arborway 145
Marine park 148
Castle Island 119
Castle Island bridge . . , 148
Filling 148
Engesteering Department. 177
Parks, Continued. page
Marine Park :
Loam 148
Miscellaneous 149
Muddy river 144
" " Filling, grading, and loam 144
" Bridges 144
" " Administration building 144
Muddy river and Stony -brook covered channels . 143
Wood Island park 149
E. — Stkeet Department :
Athens street, South Boston, B to C street, Sicilian rock
asphalt, on Portland cement concrete base 153
Beacon street, Dartmouth to Gloucester street, sheet
asphalt, on concrete base 153
Border street, East Boston, block paving, on gravel base. . 153
Boylston street. Church to Arlington street, block paving,
with gravel base and pitch joints 154
Broadway, South Boston, A street towards Dorchester
avenue, Sicilian rock asphalt, on American cement con-
crete base 154
Brighton street, Allen to Leverett street, Trinidad asphalt,
on old cobble-stone pavement 154
Cabot street, Ruggles to Vernon street, Trinidad asphalt,
on American cement concrete base 154
Chardon street, Bowdoin square to Merrimac street, block
paving, concrete base, pitch joints 155
Charles street. Beacon to Pinckney street, block paving,
concrete base, pitch joints 155
Cherry street, Trinidad asphalt, American cement con-
crete base 155
Davis street, Washington street to Harrison avenue, Trini-
dad asphalt, American cement concrete base ... 155
Decatur street, Washington to Harrison avenue, Sicilian
rock asphalt, American cement concrete base 156
Dorchester avenue, South Boston line to Belfort street,
block paving ; South Boston line to Pond street, both
sides ; Pond street to Belfort street, easterly side of
track ; Adams street to Park street, block paving ; Park
street to Ashmont street, easterly side, block paving . . 156
Eliot street, Washington to Pleasant street, block paving,
concrete base, pitch joints 157
Eustis street, Washington to Dearborn street, block paving, 157
Florence street, Washington to Harrison avenue, Hastings
asphalt blocks, cement base 157
India street, front of Custom House, block paving, con-
crete base, pitch joints 157
Kemble street, Gerard to Magazine street, block paving. . . 158
Motte street, Washington street to Harrison avenue, Sicil-
ian rock asphalt, American cement base 158
Prentiss street, Tremont street through Hallock street,
block paving 158
Eutherford avenue, Charlestown, Essex to Allen street,
block paving 158
School street, Washington to Tremont street, block paving,
concrete base, pitch joints 159
Washington street, Cornhill to Essex and Boylston streets,
block paving, concrete base, pitch joints 159
West Chester park, Columbus avenue to Tremont street,
Hastings asphalt blocks, gravel base 159
West Chester park and Chester square, Columbus avenue
to Washington street, Trinidad asphalt, concrete base. . 159
West Newton street, Shawmut avenue to Washington
street, Hastings asphalt blocks 160
178 CiTT Document No. 10.
Street Department, Continued. page
West Second street, South Boston, B street to E street,
block paving 160
Commonwealth avenue, filling, between tleasant street and
the forks of the road at Beacon street. ..... ........ 160
Sidewalk plans 161
Table showing lengths and areas of paving, on accepted
streets 162
CfTT Engineeks, 1850-1893 .... 165
ILLUSTEATIONS.
Charles-river pollution : Map of the lower portion of Charles
river, showing principal sources of pollution, October,
1892 71
East Boston tunnel : Plan and sections of proposed tunnel
connecting Boston proper and East Boston. 75
Improved sewerage — Diagram of cross-section, section 8,
Outfall sewer in embankment between Squantum and
Moonlsland 139
Improved Sewerage — Plan showing Boston Improved
Sewerage System, the South Metropolitan, and a por-
tion of the North Metropolitan Sewerage Systems .... 141
Water-works : Table showing rainfall and daily average
consumption for each month 123
Water-works : Table showing the lieights of Sudbury-river
reservoirs, Farm pond, Cochituate and Mystic lakes,
and the rainfall on the Sudbury-river water-shed during
the year 1892 129
Water-works : Maps of sections of different cities, showing
pipe-lines, hydrants, and connections, January, 1892.
New York City, Chicago, St. Louis, Boston, Baltimore,
Phildelphia, Brooklyn 104
APPENDICES.
Appendix A. Showing width of draw-openings 166
B. City of Boston Eevised Ordinances, 1892, Chapter 12, 168
C. Engineering Department, property schedule, main
office 169
D. Elevations referred to Boston city base 170
E. List of Engineering Department Reports, 1867-1892.. . 171
i
BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY
3 9999 06315 936 0
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OCT 9 183-
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