Annual report of the Cochituate Water Board

BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY

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Document. — No. 8.

REPORT

COCHITUATE WATER BOARD

CITY COUNCIL OF BOSTON,

FOR THE YEAR 1860.

BOSTON:

GEO. C. RAND & AVERY, CITY PRINTERS,

3STo. 3 Cornhill.

1861.

CITY OF BOSTON

In Common Council, Jan. 10, 1861.

Ordered : That the Cochituate Water Board be authorized
to make their Annual Report in print.
Sent up for concurrence.

J. H. BRADLEY, President.

In Board of Aldermen, Jan. 14, 1861.
Concurred.

SILAS PEIRCE, Chairman.

Approved January 15, 1861.

J. M. WIGHTMAN, Mayor.

11 EPORT.

Office of the Cochituate Water Board,
Boston, January 15, 1861.

To the City Council.

The Cochituate Water Board respectfully submit to
the City Council their Annual Report for the year 1860.
In compliance, also, with the City Ordinances, they
submit the Reports of the City Engineer, the Water
Registrar, and the Clerk of this Board, all of which are
worthy of attention from those who are interested to
know the condition and workings of this department.

It is believed that the works were never in a con-
dition more safe and efficient than at the present
time.

The first important work of the year 1860 was the
completion of the New Main, left over from 1859.
This was finished entirely in May last ; and so im-
portant was the conclusion of this undertaking deemed
to be by this Board, that a Special Report on the sub-
ject was submitted to the City Council. It is not
therefore deemed necessary to allude any further to
that subject.

Early in the season the Board gave attention to the
condition of the lake and its surroundings. It was

4 CITY DOCUMENT. — No. 8. [Jan.

found that many of the original stakes marking the
angles of the five rods owned by the City around the
pond, had become decayed or been removed ; and it was
deemed advisable that new stone ones should be ob-
tained and substituted for the old wooden ones, — and
this before the means of knowing their exact position
should become obliterated. Mr. Knowlton was there-
fore instructed to obtain suitable split stones, and have
one placed at every angle around the pond, thus mark-
ing the bounds of the City property in a permanent
manner. This order has been mainly executed. Some
places where the land was soft and boggy have been
left to be attended to when they could be approached
better on the ice. The expense of this job has been
thus far $200.

The condition of the borders of Snake Brook has
been long deemed unsatisfactory, both to the credit of
the city and to the health of Cochituate Village.
Especially since the raising of the dam, the water on
its margin where it backs up for a long distance, has
been so variable in depth, and the mud so alternately
flooded and drained, that it seemed necessary to do
something for its more creditable appearance, as well
as for the health and comfort of the citizens. After
mature consideration by the whole Board on the spot,
it was deemed best to make only one job of it, and
Mr. Knowlton was directed to fill in from the neigh-
boring bank, so as to cover all the objectionable por-
tions of the margin of the brook, and thus secure from
all exhalations of a noxious character the whole neigh-
borhood. This has been done, and the citizens appear
to be highly pleased with the considerate and liberal

1861.] WATER. 5

policy of, the City. The cost of this improvement has
been $2,701.54.

The next important undertaking was the raising the
pipes on Tremont Street. Operations were commenced
on the 20th clay of August, and the two lines of 30-
inch pipes, between Castle and Waltham streets, have
been successfully raised; also the 20-inch pipe on
Dover Street, between Tremont and Emerald streets,
and the Service Mains of Tremont and Dover streets.
Two 36-inch, one 24-inch, and two 12-inch stoj)-cocks
have been renewed ; and six hundred and thirty-six
feet of 30-inch pipe have been taken out, and the same
number of feet of 36-inch pipe laid in place of it. The
36-inch line is now complete to the north line of Dover
Street. 2,486 feet of 30-inch, 528 feet of 20-inch, 100
feet of 12-inch, and 1,784 feet of 6-inch pipe, have been
raised so as to conform to the new grade of Tremont
and Dover streets. The Service Pipes have not all
been renewed this fall, as the houses would not be
occupied during the winter ; they will be put in early
in the spring. The work was carried on to a disad-
vantage by so many parties being at work at the same
time.

There remain on hand stock and tools to the amount
of $5,377. The importance of raising the remainder
of the pipes out to the Gate Chamber, while we have
everything in order for the purpose, is earnestly recom-
mended to the incoming Board. The whole cost of
the operation has been $17,398.26, thus far.

In relation to this matter of raising the pipes, it
must be ajoparent to every one that it is a work of
great delicacy, requiring great skill, judgment, and

6 CITY DOCUMENT. — No. 8. [Jan.

attention. It was successfully executed by Mr. Stan-
wood, Superintendent of the Eastern Division, to the
entire satisfaction of this Board.

The late severe fire in Beacon Street developed the
total inadequacy of suitable means to meet such an
emergency. The pipe there laid was 6-inch diameter,
hydrants few and far between, and it was impossible
for the Steam Fire Engine to obtain a supply of water.
It was deemed by this Board of the utmost importance
that no time should be lost in placing that valuable
portion of the city in as secure a position as possible
against the occurrence of a similar calamity. Imme-
diate order was given to lay down 12-inch pipes in
place of 6, and 1,670 feet have been laid, and the con-
tinuance of the same should have early attention in
the spring. The cost of this extension has been
$4,491.27, thus far.

By reference to the Water Registrar's Report, it will
be seen that nine of the leading hotels have paid no
water rents for the last year, and a part none for the
last quarter of the year before. The amount thus
assessed, and not paid, is $9,526.60. This has been
assessed by meters, and payment is resisted on the
ground of illegal assessment. The case is not yet
decided, but it is much to be desired that it may be
shortly. When this is paid, and one equal sum for this
year, it will at once carry the receipts of the current
year beyond the estimate of the Water Registrar.

The Consumption of Water. In the last Annual Report,
the following language was indulged in : " It seems as
if we might now fairly conclude that the individual

1861.] WATER. 7

consumption had come to its maximum, — the variation
in three years not exceeding one gallon ; " say 72 h to
73 gallons. But the present year is a fearful example
of the fallacy of such calculating. By the Report of
the Engineer, hereto annexed, it appears that the
average daily consumption of water has been 17,238,-
000 gallons. By the census returns, it appears that
the„ number of inhabitants is 177,902. This shows a
consumption of 97 gallons for each individual; an
amount believed to be without parallel in the civilized
world. Of course there is nothing in the sales of the
water that could lead to the expectation of such a
monstrous increase ; and we must again resort to the
old story of extravagant and inordinate waste.

The past year has afforded the first opportunity ever
enjoyed to test the capacity of the Lake. During the
year, not a pint has been allowed to escape that could
be retained. It has been impossible to fill the Lake to
the height of the dam, so the whole has been drawn to
the city. The fall of rain has been unusually large ; say
55i inches; while the average of nine years has been
48! . The actual daily delivering of water has been
17,238,000 gallons, and the water in the Lake, January
1, this year, being ten inches higher than a year ago,
would give an additional supply of about one half a
million gallons daily, or about 17,700,000 gallons. It
would seem to be a safe inference that, in years when
we have 55 h inches of rain, the maximum yield of the
Lake will be 17,700,000 gallons, and no more. But as
in the average of years only 48 f inches fall, we can
safely rely upon only a proportional diminished supply.

In bringing this enormous quantity of water to the

8 CITY DOCUMENT. — No. 8. [Jan.

city, the Board can but express the opinion that the
capacity of the aqueduct has been put to the severest
test that ought ever to be applied to it. To work it
under any increased head, must be attended with the
utmost hazard.

Two conclusions seem to this Board now to be
reached, of a practical character. The first is that the
Lake can be relied on for no greater supply of water
than has been drawn from it this year ; and the second
is that the aqueduct can convey no more water than it
has done this year.

These conclusions are of a nature to arrest public
attention, and to induce inquiry what is to be done ?
What use shall we make of the present quantity, in
view of the great difficulty and expense of increase ?
Every effort should be made to guard against waste.
The people can economize in its use, for they have
done so. When the break took place at Needham, the
consumption was reduced near three fourths.

This Board was in hopes that some latitude might be
indulged in in playing the public fountains and in
supplying opportunity for skating. But nothing of
these indulgences can be entertained. Any consider-
able quantity drawn for skating, must put in jeopardy
the supply on Beacon Hill and all the high service.
If at all, and under any circumstances, this object is to
be thought of, it should be done with the greatest
care not to interfere with the regular and necessary
supply.

When all the unnecessary uses of the water are
stopped, then, in case of insufficient quantity, it would
become the policy of the City to cut off, one after

1861. J WATER. 9

another, the classes of takers for mechanical purposes.
It is to be hoped, however, that the time is not near at
hand when this will be necessary ; it is only alluded to
as indicating what would undoubtedly become the
policy of the City, at all times, in order to supply a
full and needful quantity of pure water for domestic
use.

This state of facts would seem to settle all idea of
annexing other municipalities to the City of Boston.

Meters of Worthington's construction continue to
give entire satisfaction, and will be more extensively
used.

Details of hydrants, stop-cocks, and extension of the
work will be found in the Report of the City Engineer,
annexed.

By reference to the Report of the Clerk of this
Board, it will be seen that the expenditure for the
year has been $146,304.55. Of this amount, $34,880.71
was for the new main, $17,398.26 for raising pipes on
Tremont and Dover streets, $4,491.27 for extending
the 12-inch pipe on Beacon Street, and for extension
of the work $59,120.98 ; leaving $30,413.33 as the
expenses of the year.

All of which is respectfully submitted.

EBENEZER JOHNSON, President.

SAMUEL HALL,

GEORGE P. FRENCH,

CLEMENT WILLIS,

G. E. PIERCE,

GEORGE DENNIE,

L. MILES STANDISH.

RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES.

Statement of Expenditures made by the Cocliituate Water Board,
from December 31, 1859, to January 1, 1861.

Hopkinton Reservoir, for services -

Laying Service Pipe .....

Plumbing Shop, for stock, &c.

Taxes --------

Pipe Yard, for stock, &c.

Fountains -------

Hose --------

Stationery (including stationery for Water

Registrar and Superintendents) -
Rents --------

Damage, in streets, &c. -----

Wages, Miscellaneous -----

Oil

Printing (including Water Registrar's, and

Superintendents) .... 537 05

Miscellaneous Expense, expenses of the Board,

Engineering, &c. -

Meters

New Main, whole amount paid, $304,657 07
Deduct previous payments, 269,776 36
Repairing Main Pipe -----
Aqueduct Repairs at Snake Brook, &c. -
Lake, finishing wall, banks, &c.
Repairing Service Pipe -----

Amount carried forward

$35

00

5

50

22

50

167

27

321

05

225

86

201

24

156

53

52

00

211

25

41

50

89

10

497

26

2,206

75

34,880

71

1,179

50

4,368

60

1,982

93

2,375

06

$49,556

66

12

CITY. DOCUMENT. — No. 8.

[Jan.

Amount brought forward
Repairing Streets ------

" Hydrants - - - ■
Salaries -------

Office Expense --.-..

Off and on Water

Wages Proving Yard -

" Plumbing Shop -

" Blacksmith Shop

u Laying Main Pipe -

" " Service Pipe -

Beacon Hill Reservoir, for labor, &c.
South Boston, " " " - -

East Boston, " " << -

Brookline, " " " - -

Service Pipe -------

Main Pipe ......

Stable --------

Laying Main Pipe, for stock, &c. -
Blacksmith's Shop, «.«.<.
Hydrant and Stop-cock Boxes
Repairing Stop-cocks -----

Travelling Expenses .....

Tolls and Ferriage .....

Postage and Express -

Tools

Raising Water Pipes, on Tremont and Dover
streets ......

Carting

Hydrants .......

Proving Yard, for stock, &c. - - - . -

Stop-cocks - -

Laying Pipe on Beacon Street

Amount carried forward

,556 66

1,639 31

1,754 56

8,212 08

1,718 50

2,907 73

3,256 81

529 99

911 03

5,259 86

3,837 57

597 29

115 74

304 46

1,218 08

11,162 92

21,854 21

1,366 98

2,246 56

207 96

549 95

1,167 01

160 18

165 47

49 47

322 28

17,398 26

467 25

1,083 35

296 21

1,495 55

4,491 27

$146,304 55

1861.] WATER. 13

Amount brought forward - - - $146,304 55

Less this amount drawn for New

Main $34,880 71

Less this amount drawn for Rais-
ing Pipes on Tremont and Dover
streets 17,398 26

Less this amount drawn for Laying

Pipe on Beacon Street - - 4,491 27 56,770 24

,534 31

CASH PAID CITY TREASURER.

Received Rent for Arches under

Beacon Hill Reservoir

$300 00

Received for Wood

146 80

" " Grass and Pasture -

35 00

" « Old Hose

50 00

" " Pipe, laying, &c.

1,107 66

1,639 46
Received for off and on Water, for

Repairs - - - 1,450 05
Received for off and on

Water, for Waste - 198 00
Received for off and on

Water, for non-paym't 1,517 50

$3,165 55
Less this amount for
non-payment, which
has been paid City

Treasurer - - 1,517 50 1,648 05 3,287 51

Balance $86,246 80

EXTENSION OF THE WORK.

Main Pipe $21,854 21 89,534 31

Service Pipe - - - - 11,162 92

Amounts carried forward, $33,017 13 $89,534 31

14 CITY DOCUMENT

\— No.

8.

[Jan.

Amounts brought forward ',

$33,017

13

$89,534 31

Laying Main Pipe

2,246

56

Hydrants

1,083

35

Stop-cocks -

1,495

55

Hydrant and Stop-cock Boxes

275

25

Carting .....

300

00

Tools

200

00

Oil

89

10

Wages, Proving Yard -

3,256

81

" Plumbing Shop

370

00

" Laying Main Pipe -

5,259

86

" " Service Pipe -

3,837

57

" Blacksmith Shop

711

03

Proving Yard, for stock, &c.

200

00

Meters

1,950

00

Laying Service Pipe

5

50

Stable (for carting)

1,000

00

Blacksmith Shop, for stock, &c. •

150

00

Toils and Ferriage

100

00

Aqueduct Repairs, covering the

Aqueduct at Snake Brook

2,701

54

Lake, finishing Wall, Banks, &c. -

871

73

59,120 98

,413 33

Expenditures and Receipts on account of the Water Works,
to January 1, 1861.

Amount drawn by the Commissioners -
" -" " Water Board, 1850

1851

1852
1853
1854
1855

Amount carried forward,

$4,043,718 21
366,163 89
141,309 23
89,654 20
89,854 03
80,182 35
63,866 33

$4,874,748 24

1861.]

WATER.

15

Amount brought forward,

Amount drawn by the Water Board, 1856 -

« u u u .< 1857 -

u u u u .< |858 .

1859 -

u a « u I860 -

Amount paid the City Treasurer

by the Commissioners - - $47,648 38
Am't paid by Water Board, 1850, 8,153 52

1851

1852,
1853,
1854,
1855,
1856,
1857,
1858,
1859,
1860,

5,232 38

15,869 12

4,621 40

12,423 29

9,990 38

7,840 43

13,750 00

9,200 00

5,554 00

3,287 51

Sundry Payments by the City - 63,359 51
Discount and Interest on Loans 3,443,617 61

Sundry Credits by the City $55,833 08

Am't received for Water Rates 2.714,710 31

1,874,748 24

81,429 35

96,931 25

76,006 01

385,652 47

146,304 55

5,661,071 87

143,570 41
$5,517,501 46

3,506,977 12
9,023,478 58

2,770,543 39
56,253,935 19

SAMUEL N. DYER,

Clerk of Cochituate Water Board.

APPENDIX

CITY ENGINEER'S REPORT.

Office of City Engineer,
Boston, January

[EEE, )

, 1861. 5

Ebenezer Johnson, Esq., Pres. of the Cochituate Water Board :

Sir: The usual Annual Report of matters connected witli
the Water Works is herewith submitted.

Lake Cochituate, fyc.

During the past year the borders of the Lake have been
improved in part, by slope walls in places where the banks
were in danger of being washed so much away as to approach
very near to the five-rod line.

Snake Brook has been much improved, partly by filling in
some portions of it which contained stagnant water, the filling
being obtained on its banks ; and partly by clearing out the
dirt which had accumulated in some parts of it. All the lands
and structures about the Lake are in good condition.

liaising the Dam at the Lake.

During the past year Mr. Knowlton has kept a record, as
hitherto, of the daily heights of water at the Lake. By con-

3

I APPENDIX.

densing and summing up these heights, we find that during 4
days the water stood at a level of only Jive feet in the Lake.
29 days it stood above Jive and less than six feet. 64 days it
stood above six and less than seven feet. 173 days above seven
and less than eight feet. 42 days above eight and less than
nine feet. 54 days over nine feet, and 7 days it has been up to
nine feet seven inches in the Lake.

Until the latter part of 1859 when the dam and roads
about the Lake had been raised two feet, the extreme depth
of water which could be made available from the Lake by
gravitation, was only eight feet. Two feet being then added
would give us an available depth of ten feet when the Lake is
full, provided we used no more water than originally expected.
But as our increase of consumption has been largely over
what was expected when the works were constructed, we
must deduct the difference in depth required to keep up such
a supply as we now require, which leaves but about six and a
half feet of really available depth when the Lake is full.
During the past year we have been benefited by the raising
for the full period of 103 days. To this we may add a few
days when the water was so nearly up to eight feet that we
should have been compelled to waste the water from the Lake
to avoid the danger of its breaking over the dams, had there
been a sudden freshet. We have therefore been benefited
nearly one third of the year, because the dam, roads, and
gate-house were raised. The extra amount of water which
we have been enabled to save on this account equals about
1,500,000,000 gallons, which would have supplied the city 88
days at the rate of 17,000,000 gallons per day. It is also
equal to a depth of about seven feet over the entire surface
of the Lake.

Waste water i consumption of water, and capacity of the hake.

In my report for the year 1859, it was shown that during
the early part of that year, and up to July the 8th, a large

APPENDIX. O

amount of water was wasted from the Lake into Sudbury
River.

From July 8, 1859, to January 1, 1861, there has not
been any water wasted in that direction. All the water
drawn from the Lake has been brought to the city.

By reference to the table of consumption of water it will be
seen that the amount used during the past year has averaged
over 17,000,000 gallons daily, an average increase of more
than 4,000,000 daily, over the amount used in 1859, and
about twice as much as was brought to the city in 1853.

Much of this additional increase of consumption is owing,
no doubt, to the increased effective head on the pipes caused
by the new 40-inch main. This new main was connected
with the 30-inch main crossing the Common in the latter part
of December, 1859. The consumption of water in that month
was a little rising of 14,500,000 gallons daily. In January
following, the amount used averaged nearly 18,000,000 gallons
daily, and in February nearly 19,000,000 gallons were used
daily, it being in January over 3,000,000 gallons, and in Feb-
ruary over 4,000,000 gallons more than had ever been used
in any previous month since the introduction of the Cochitu-
ate water.

On the first of January, 1860, the water stood at the height
of 7 feet 6 inches in the Lake. On the first of January, 1861,
the water stood at the height of 8 feet 4 inches in the Lake,
a depth of 10 inches gain, equal to 187,000,000 gallons over
and above the total consumption in the year ; equal to a daily
average of about 500,000 gallons. Adding this to the daily
average amount used, we have a trifle over 17,700,000
gallons as a total daily amount afforded by the Lake during
the past year.

The average annual rain-fall at the Lake during the past
nine years has been 48T707(j inches. For the year 1860 the
total rain-fall was 55T%\ inches, at the Lake. For 1853 the
total rain-fall was 55^% inches. The rain-fall in 1853 and
in 1860 being very nearly the same, and the amounts of water

4 APPENDIX.

afforded by the Lake in these two years being also very
nearly the same.

The commissioners of 1845, after a very careful series of
observations, estimated that the daily average which the Lake
would afford, was equal to 10,176,570 gallons per day, and
this was the basis on which the works were built and the
money expended for them.

By reference to the Report for 1856, pages 5 to 9 inclusive,
of the appendix (the City Engineer's Report), the amount of
water used and wasted from the Lake will be seen. The con-
clusion then arrived at was, that the Lake could be relied on
to furnish an average daily supply of over 16,000,000 gallons
of water by storing its waters one year with another.

In the year 1853 the Lake afforded a daily average of
17,217,417 gallons: one half of this amount only having been
brought to the city.

In 1855 we used 10,346,300 gallons daily, and wasted an
unknown amount directly from the Lake, having no use for it.
In 1860, as previously shown, the daily use and reserve
amounted to a little over 17,700,000 gallons.

The original expectation was that 250,000 inhabitants
would use 7,250,000 gallons daily. At this time 180,000 in-
habitants actually use 17,238,000 gallons daily. At the last
rate of consumption 250,000 inhabitants will use 24,000,000
gallons of water daily, an increase of about 230 per cent,
over what was supposed sufficient when the works were
built.

There will be occasional years when we shall have a still
larger amount of water afforded by the Lake, and very proba-
bly there will also be years when the amount will fall short
of the past year's supply.

I do not consider it safe to rely on any more increase of
supply to be obtained from the Lake, unless other large
storing reservoirs are made in which to store the water in
unusual wet seasons, or some other additional source is added
to it.

APPENDIX.

Conduit.

During the past year, although the water has been kept
running through the Conduit in unprecedented quantities, there
has been no break in it, neither has it required any unusual
repairs. The banks over it have been strengthened in a few-
places. It is now as strong as ever, but it will be extremely
dangerous to undertake to run more water through it than we
now do.

The following table shows the different heights at which
the water has been running, and the number of days in each
month at the different heights.

The height of the Conduit is six feet four inches.

HEIGHTS IN FEET AND INCHES.

These heights show a head on the Conduit.

0.0

6.4

7.0

7.4

7.6

7.7

7.8

7.10

8.0 9.0

NUMBER OF DAYS IN EACH MONTH.

31
29

4

27
30
17

1

13

15

15
2
9
5

2
]

21
19

6
1

1

18
31
30
11

182

7

7

14
45

1

1

2
42

3
3

74

7

4

1

0

APPENDIX.

It will be seen by this table that the Conduit has been
empty only four days during the year. It has been just full
74 days, and for 287 days, being the remainder of the year,
with one day's exception, it has been running with a head on
it varying from eight inches to one foot eight inches.

In 1859 the Conduit was empty 12 days. It was run less
than full 93 days; just full 145 days; 17 days with a head
on it of four inches, and only 98 days with a head on it
varying from eight inches to one foot eight inches ; running
in 1860, 190 days more than in 1859, with the large head
upon it.

Reservoirs.

The stone wall outside of Brookline Reservoir has been
repaired and pointed ; the wooden fence has also been very
generally repaired, and the whole otherwise put in complete
order.

All the reservoirs in the city remain in much the same
condition as they have been the past few years.

Pipes Laid and Raised.

Early in the spring work was resumed on the 40-inch main,
and everything connected with that line was finished by the
15th of May.

It was connected with the 30-inch at the corner of Tremont
and Boylston streets, — it having been previously connected
with the 30-inch main crossing the Common, — thus forming
a connection with the two original lines of 36 and 30-inch
pipes from Brookline Reservoir through Tremont Street ;
doing away in a great measure with the liability of being
entirely out of water in case of a break in either of the
original mains.

The two lines of 30-inch pipes in Tremont Street, between
Waltham and Castle streets, and the 6-inch pipes, also the
24 and 6-inch pipes in a portion of Dover Street, have been

APPENDIX. 7

raised in accordance with the new grades of those streets.
That portion of the 36-inch line of pipes, between Waltham
and Dover streets, which was finished out with 30-inch pipes
when the works were built, has been taken up and relaid with
36-inch pipes. These lines of pipes were raised and relaid
under the especial direction of Mr. Stanwood. The whole
work was done in a very substantial and careful manner.
Other pipes, of various sizes, in about the usual annual quan-
tities, have been laid the past season.

APPENDIX.

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10

APPENDIX.

Loss of head from the BrooJcline Reservoir to Beacon Hill and
East Boston Reservoirs.

The effect of increased consumption of water in the city
may be seen by reference to the table in this and previous
reports of average annual heights of water in the reservoirs.

A synopsis is given in the following table.

YEAR,

1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860

Average annual heights of Water
above Marsh Level in

Brookline
Reservoir

Beac'n Hill
Reservoir.

123.16
123.36
123,67
122.86
123.65
123.82
123.66
124.11
124.63
124.07
123.29

119.04
119.39
116.60
114.89
115.69
117.79
116.15
114.77
116.00
115.24
117.13

E. Boston
Reservoir.

105.06
104.07
104.91
99.84
97.49
94.11
94.18
94.42
94.05
96.01

° 3. °
-dog

8 2 g

4.12
3.97
7.07
7.97
7.96
6.03
7.51
9.34
8.63
8.83
6.16

18.30
19.60
17.95
23.81
26.33
29.55
29.93
30.21
30.02
27.28

Extreme high water in Brookline Eeservoir is 124.6 feet.

APPENDIX.

11

Monthly Fall of Rain, in inches, in 1860.

PLACES AND

OBSERVERS.

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1.89

0.66

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0 80

3.80

3.85

2.06

2.44

2.21

3 54

1.98
2.25
1.98

2.19
1.73
2.35

2.08
1.02
1.91

2.14
1.09
1.85

1.73

1.32

2.26

1.80

1.55

1.65

11.16

6.82

8.01
5.90

4.87
6.87

4.84
6.55

7.37
5.65

4 02

3.09

4.89
9.92

4.30
7.35

5.03
9.44

4.30
9.96

5.24
9.33

5 70

5 38

1.72
5.97
3.71

2.66
5.37

5.86

2.46
4.65
5.86

2.50
3.71
6.49

1.86
4.23
4.75

2 10

3 95

4 66

55.44

51.46

46.91

46.67

46.95

38 24

Note. -** The melted snow is, as usual, included in the above amounts of
rainfall.

12

APPENDIX.

Statement of Location, Size, and number of Pipes laid in 1860.

In what Streets.

Between what Streets.

Tremont

Tremont

Albany :

Boylston

Arlington

Beacon

Chapman

Commonwealth Avenue

East Concord

Canton

Plympton

Lehigh

Camden

Commonwealth Avenue

Newton,

Public Garden

Dedham

Montgomery

Metropolitan Place

North Grove

Marlboro'

Porter

Long Wharf

Newland

India Wharf

Bromfield

H

Fourth

Dorchester

First

O

Fifth

Old Harbor

Old Harbor Place

Broadway

Second

M

Seventh

Eighth

First

Dorchester

K

Third

C

BOSTON PROPER.

To the connection on Common .

Total, 4rO inches in Boston. ,

Dover and Waltham

Total, 36 inches in Boston

Plympton and Norwich . .
Arlington and Berkeley . .
To connect with Boylston.
Charles and Berkeley

Total, 12 inches in Boston

Washington and Suffolk

Arlington and Berkeley

Washington and Harrison Avenue.

Harrison Avenue and Albany

Harrison Avenue and Albany

Federal and South

West of Tremont

Arlington and Berkeley

West of Tremont. . . :

From Boylston

West of Tremont

West of Tremont

Total, 6 inches in Boston.

From Washington

For City Stables

Washington and Bradford..
Pleasant and Indiana Place.

For Steamer

Rutland and Concord

For Steamers

For Music Hall

Total, 4t inches in Boston.

SOUTH BOSTON.

Fourth and Eighth

K and P

Near First, for Blow-off.

Total, 12 inches in So. Boston.

N and O

First and Second

I anclK

Seventh and Eighth

From Old Harbor Street

N and O

Pand Q

Fourth and Fifth

G and K

HandK

Band C

Dorchester Avenue and Ellery.

Below Ninth.

Dorchester and H

First and Second

40

36

670
670
636

567

48

1,732

2,437

56
614

17
187
824
223
350
612

70
461
350
327

4,091

350

181
55
95
47

128
75

133

1,064

1,228

2,827
27

4,082

Amount carrttd forward.

395
328
241

82
220
270
140
304
1,201
483
338
540
312

70
160

5,184

APPENDIX.

Statement of Pij)es, continued.

13

In what Streets.

Sixth

Broadway. . . .

Sullivan

First

M

1

E

Seventh

Seventh

Highland

Eighth

Fifth. '.'.". '.'.'.'.'.'.

Sullivan

Broadway

Old Eoad

Brewster

Gold

Gates

Saratoga

Bremen

Porter

Condor

Central Square
Eutaw

Saratoga

Centre

Between what Streets.

SOUTH BOSTON.

Amount Drought forward

B and C

0 and P

DandE

OandP

Eighth and Ninth

Seventh and Eighth

First and Second

C and D

Land M

South of Eighth

G and H

Fifth and Sixth

1 and K.

Highland and Old Harbor

L and M ,

Total, 6 incites in South Boston

K andM

Seventh and Eighth. . .

D andE

Telegraph and Eighth.

Total, 4 inches in South Boston

EAST BOSTON.

Putnam and Prescott

Decatur and Porter.

Chelsea and Bremen

Prescott and Putnam

Fountain

Marion and Brooks

Total, '6 inches in East Boston

Junction of Chelsea Street ,
Orleans and Cottage

5.184
276
575
158
287
210
3(10
125
270
108
624
450
160
32
371
310

9,340

674
298
112

28

1.112

200

50

90

104

240

1,070

Total, 4 inches in East Boston |

50
106

156

RECAPITULATION

1860.

Diameter in inches.

40

36

12

6

4

670
1

636*
1

2,437

8

4,082

3

4,091
7

9,340
18

1,070
2

1,064
4

Boston Proper ...

1 112

South Boston . . .

4

156

East Boston ....

1 P

670
1

636
1

6,519
11

14,501
27

2 332

g

During the year one hundred and ten feet of 6-inch pipe and one hundred and fifty feet
of 4-inch pipe have been taken up in the City proper.
2:827 feet of 6-inch and 101 feet of 4-inch in South Boston.

* This was laid in place of 30-inch pipe, which was taken up.

14

APPENDIX.

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APPENDIX.

15

Statement of Service Pipe laid in 1860.

a>

Boston Proper.

South Boston.

East Boston.

Total.

a

g

OS

5

Number.

Length

in

Feet.

Number.

Length

in

Feet.

Number.

Length

in

Feet.

Number.

Length

in

Feet.

i

9

448

2

247

1

107

12

802

3

5

93

6

348

1

113

11

554

1

546

16,336

301

11,456

111

4,115

958

31,907

Aggi

981

33,263

Making the total number up to January 1, 1861 23,245

Repairs of Pipes during the Year 1860.

DIAMETER OF PIPES IN INCHES.

WHEHE.

40
6

36
5

30

24

20

16

12

6

4

2

i*

1

3

8

Total.

Boston Proper .

5

3

15

1
8

32
4

41
4
5

25
2
1

52

21
4
3

3

280
40
27

488

2
3

53

51

I

6

5

5

5

3

24

36

50

28

52

28

3

347

592

Of leaks that have occurred in pipes of four inches in
diameter and upwards, one hundred and four were caused
by the loosening of lead in the joints, ten by settling of earth,
four by frost, nine by defective stop-cocks, six by defective
pipes, and one struck by a pick. Total, one hundred and
thirty-four in pipes of four inches and upwards.

Of the leaks that have occurred in service pipes and two-
inch pipes, sixty-five were caused by fish, forty by defective
pipes, twenty-five by frost, fourteen by defective cocks, thirty-
one by stiff connections, eighteen by rust, one hundred and

16

APPENDIX.

twenty-seven by the settling of earth, seventeen struck by
picks, two destroyed by the soil, thirty-nine by defective
couplings, thirty by builders and drain diggers, one stopped
by paper, nine by cocks blowing out, three by rats, four by
boxing cellars, one stopped by gasket, three by tenants, two
by driving piles, three stopped by dirt, and twenty-four by
defective joints.

Total, four hundred and fifty-eight in service and two inch
pipes.

Statement of the Number of Leaks, 1850—1860.

LEAKS IN PIPES OF A DIAMETER OF

TEAR.

Four inches and upwards.

Less than four inches.

Total.

1850

32

72

104

1851

64

173

237

1852

82

241

323

1853

85

260

345

1854

74

280

354

1855

75

219

294

1856

. 75

232

307

1857

85

278

363

1858

77

324

401

1859

82

449

531

I860

134

458

592

Hydrants.

During the year fifty-two new hydrants have been estab-
lished, as follows : Twenty-one in the City Proper, twenty-
six in South Boston, and five in East Boston. Altogether
there have been established up to the present time —

APPENDIX. 11

In Boston Proper 923

" South Boston 287

" East Boston 175

" Brookline ------ 3

" Roxbury ------ 9

" Charlestown - - - • • H

" Chelsea --.---- __J_

Total 1,415

Ninety-two hydrants have been taken out and replaced
by new or repaired ones. One hundred and twenty-three
hydrant boxes have been renewed this year. There are some
hydrants in the city that are connected directly with the
stop-cocks, which cannot be used when the stop-cocks are
shut, this being often the case when repairs are being made.

It would be a great improvement to connect the hydrants
directly with the main pipes, independently of the stop-cocks.
One at the corner of Bedford and Washington streets has
been changed in this way during the past year. Two im-
portant hydrants have been taken out to make way for build-
ings on Otis and Winthrop places. As a substitute, in part, for
the loss of these two hydrants, a pipe has been laid, connect-
ing the six-inch pipe in new Devonshire Street with the old
fire reservoir in Franklin Street. This reservoir being kept
full, in case of fire, the Steam Fire Engines would have the
advantage of the water in it, in addition to the water ob-
tained from the hydrants in Franklin Street.

In case of fire, the Steam Fire Engines require a larger
supply of water than the small hydrants can deliver for their
use.

In order to remedy this, and to keep up a sufficient supply
for the Steam Fire Engines, larger hydrants should be put
in. Pipes should also be laid to connect the main pipes with
all the old brick reservoirs under the streets, so that the
reservoirs can be kept full, and whenever a fire occurs in
5

1 8 APPENDIX.

any locality where the hydrants cannot give the Steam Fire
Engines a full supply, this difficulty would be remedied or
partially so, by these Reservoirs.

The usual care has been taken with the hydrants. At the
present time they are in good order for the winter, having
been packed with salt hay.

Stop-cocks.

The stop-cocks are in a good condition, with but three
exceptions, one 16-inch on Milk Street, one 16-inch on Brooks
Street, East Boston, and one 6-inch in Dover Street, that
should be renewed in the spring. During the year all the
stop-cocks have been cleaned and oiled; two 36-inch stop-
cocks, one 24-inch, and three 12-inch have been renewed.

Forty-eight new stop-cocks have been put in and covered
by new boxes, and seventy stop-cock boxes have been
renewed.

APPENDIX.

Statement of Pipes and other Stock on hand, exclusive of Tools,
January 1, 1861.

DIAMETER IN

INCHES.

NUMBER OF

40

36

30

24

20

16

12
50

6
93

4
39

2
36

li

18
2

25

96

8

67

40

30

1
5

ft

1
6
1

7
7

2
6

9

2

6

6

3

2

6

1

9
4

8
91

2

5

1

7
1

12

7

7
3

4

?,

3

4

1

2

8

19

14

3

2

2

2

4

2
5

8

4
2
1

1

2

10

1

4

3

2

1

2

10

4

6

9

250

2
2

2
2
4

8
9
6

6
3

1

3

1

2

3

5

9

2

6

5

2

2

3

10

22

9

•

Hydrants.

16 Wilrnarth.

20 Lowell.

50 Ballardvale (old ones).

4 Wharf.

3 New York pattern.

1 Sample pattern.

31 Lowell

pal

iter

o. (r

tear

lyfi

nis'

led

).

20 APPENDIX.

For Hydrants. 6 bends, 12 lengtheners, 5 frames, 9 covers,
13 nipples, 13 valve-seats, 43 stuffing-boxes, 12 caps, 11
wharf hydrant covers, 25 unfinished hydrants, 40 lbs. com-
position wharf hydrant castings, 70 lbs. hydrant do., 80
straps.

For Stop -cocks. 6 friction wheels, 19 clamps, 7 stands and
gears for 36 and 30-inch stop-cocks, 3 36-inch composition
screws, 2 30-inch do., 2 24-inch do., 126 lbs. composition
castings for 6-inch, 18 composition rings for 12-inch, 13
plungers and 19 screws for 6-inch, 6 screws for 4-inch, 8
4-inch stopcocks partly finished, 3 flanges for 12-inch, 7
screws for 12-inch, 51 lbs. composition plungers for 6-inch,
3 plungers for 16-inch, 2 do. for 12-inch; 4 boxes bolts 1
|-inch, 1 box f-inch do., 1 box £-inch do., 1 40-inch valve ring,
13 frames and covers, 7 caps.

For Service Pipe. 19-inch air cocks, 11 1-inch union do.,
5 1-inch T do., 40 f-inch union do., 6 f-inch T do., 219 f-inch
union do., 17 f-inch T do., 7 f-inch Y do., 160 f-inch flange
do., 5 f-inch straight do., 75 short f-inch do., 235 lbs. com-
position castings for 1-inch cocks, 70 lbs. composition cast-
ings for f-inch do., 833 lbs. composition castings for f-inch
do., 200 lbs. cocks of various kinds for repairs, 6 2 J inch
hose couplings, 59 1-inch union do., 52 f-inch do., 131 f-inch
do., 260 lbs. couplings for various kinds of connections, 150
couplings, various sizes, 42 uprights, 27 straight boxes, 15
Y do., 7 T do., 50 square do., 30 caps, 3 1-inch flanges, 5

1 J-inch connections, 10 1-inch connection couplings, 31 |-inch
do., 15 f-inch do.

Meters. 4 2-inch composition meters, Worthington's pat-
tern, 54 1-inch do., 14 f-inch do., 1 3-inch iron do., 6 1-inch
iron do., 6 f-inch iron do., 1 Scotch (1-inch capacity) iron, 6
do. f-inch iron, 44 Huse's pattern, condemned.

Stock for Meters. 933 lbs. lead, 40 lbs. composition caps,

2 reducers (26 lbs. composition), 192 lbs. composition cast-

APPENDIX. 21

ings, 2 1-inch cocks, 1 do. 1 J-inch, 2 composition flanges, 4
1-inch nipples, 14 f-inch do., 4 sets 2-inch couplings, 22 sets
1-inch couplings, 18 sets f-inch do., 3 lbs. brass wire, 2 re-
ducers, 4x3, cast iron.

Lead Pipe. 525 lbs. 2£- inch, 1,668 lbs. 1-inch, 1,835 lbs.
f-inch, 1,445 lbs. f-inch, 198 lbs. block tin pipe, 148 lbs.
block tin pipe for thawing purposes.

Pig Lead, §c. 4,000 lbs. pig lead, 700 lbs. sheet lead, 37
lbs. solder, 13 lbs. block tin.

Blacksmith Shop. 1,272 lbs. bar iron, 6,776 lbs. working
pieces, 332 lbs. bar steel, 186 lbs. pieces do., 1,419 lbs. old
bolts, 700 lbs. scrap iron, ^ ton Cumberland coal.

Carpenter's Shop. 8 hydrant boxes, finished, 15 do. unfin-
ished, 14 top pieces, 2,000 feet spruce lumber, 300 feet oak
plank, 1 cask spikes, 300 feet boards, 1 cask nails, 1 set
carpenter's tools.

Stable. 1,200 lbs. English hay, 14 bushels grain, 3 horses,
3 sets of harness, 4 wagons (1 old), 1 chaise, 1 pung, stable
utensils, &c.

Tools, fyc. 1 large hoisting crane, 1 boom derrick, 4 pairs
crank derricks and 2 pairs shears with apparatus belonging
to same, tools for laying main and service pipes and the
repairs of the same, the usual tools for machine shop, black-
smith's and plumber's shop, for reservoirs, fountains, &c. ;
also the office furniture.

At Beacon Hill Reservoir. 1 large proving press, 5 swivel
patterns, 1 swing stage and irons, capstan frame and levers,
1 large copper ball, 1 composition cylinder and 2 jets, 1
6-inch do. and 2 jets, 1 reducer and 2 sets 12-inch plates, 2
4-inch do., 3 composition reel jets, 6 cast-iron jets, 1 drink-
ing fountain.

Miscellaneous. 5 man-hole plates, 6 covers for do., 3,500
lbs. old cast iron, 3,000 feet old lumber, 1,000 bricks, £ cord
wood, 14 bundles gasket, 1 barrel oil, 25 baskets charcoal,

22 APPENDIX.

300 lbs. composition chips, lot of old machinery from Marl-
boro', lot of patterns for stop-cocks, hydrants, proving presses,
fountain jets, pipes, <fec, lot of old bolts, drills, screws, &c,
£ carboy vitriol, 14 heads for proving press.

There are a great many things stored at Beacon Hill
Eeservoir that are of no use to the Water Department, and
might be sold whenever an opportunity occurs.

Respectfully submitted.

JAMES SLADE,

City Engineer, fyc.

WATER REGISTRAR'S REPORT.

Office of Water Registrar, City Hall,
Boston, January 1, 1861.

E. Johnson, Esq., Pres. of the Cocldtuate Water Board : —

Sir : I herewith submit the following Report, prepared
according to the 16th section of the ordinance, passed Oct.
31, 1850.

The total number of Abater takers, now entered for the
year 1861, is 24,316, being an increase, since January 1, 1860,
of 1,045.

During the year there has been 1,085 cases where the
water has been shut off; of these, 1,067 were for non-pay-
ment of water rates, and 18 were for unnecessary waste of
water.

The number of cases where the water has been turned on
is 1,661; of these, 759 were cases which had been shut off
for non-payment of rates; 11 were shut off for unnecessary
waste, and 891 were turned on for the first time.

The total amount received from December 31, 1859, to

January 1, 1861, is $334,544 86

Of the above there was received for water

used in previous years the sum

of - - - - - - $1,041 91

Leaving the receipts for water

used during the year 1860, the

sum of $333,502 95

Amount carried forward, $334,544 86

24 APPENDIX.

Amount brought forward - - - $334,544 86
In addition to the above, there has been
received for letting on the water, in cases
where it had been turned off for non-pay-
ment of rates, the sum of - - - - 1,517 50

Total amount $336,062 36

The increased amount of receipts in 1860,

over the previous year, is -
The amount of assessments now made for the

present year is -
The estimated amount of income from the

sales of water during the year 1861 is
The expenditures of my Department during the

year 1860 have been

The items of this expenditure are as follows : —

Paid Chas. L. Bancroft, for services as clerk

" Stephen Badlam, " "

" Chas. E. Dunham, for services as inspector

" Noah P. Burgess, " "

" Rand & Avery, for printing -

" Eayres & Fairbanks, for stationery

" M. Lyon, for distributing water bills

« J. R. Barry " " - - -

" Geo. S. Carpenter " " - •

$19,771

39

278,389

20

350,000

00

3,429

75

$867

50

867

50

743

50

678

50

110

50

94

25

24

00

22

00

22

00

Amount - $3,429 75

APPENDIX.

25

Statement showing the number of Houses, Stores, Steam Engines,
fyc, in the City of Boston supplied with Cochituate water to
the 1st of January, 186 1, with the amount of Water Rates
paid for 1860.

7,890 dwelling-houses,

from

$6

00 to

$31

00

$205,524 50

14 boarding-houses,

a

33

00 to

98

00

774 57

• 104 model-houses, \

rom

14

00 to

210

00

3,678 68

5 lodging-houses,

a

15

00 to

78

00

145 00

3,318 stores and shops

a

6

00 to

81

54

26,407 67

265 offices,

a

6

00 to

20

50

, 1,856 00

17 banks,

it

6

00 to

16

50

194 50

198 buildings,

u

15

00 to

207

50

6,816 11

48 churches,

a

6

00 to

20

00,

361 50

29 halls,

i:

6

00 to

26

50

328 67

17 private schools,

ti

6

00 to

30

50

191 50

3 theatres,

U

15

00 to

93

75

151 25

4 greenhouses,

34 50

1 custom-house,

156 00

1 post-office,

25 00

2 hospitals,

a

21

67 to

178

00

408 26

2 medical colleges,

82 00

1 State house,

134 50

3 libraries,

it

6

00 to

35

00,

51 00

7 asylums,

a

35

00 to

242

48,

531 13

5 markets,

a

30

00 to

64

00,

236 75

48 market stalls,

a

6

00 to

10

00,

319 50

156 cellars,

a

6

00 to

12

00,

923 29

43 hotels,

a

15

00 to

863

05,

5,190 81

386 restaurants & saloom

, §

00 to

41

00,

4,647 06

2 club-houses

a

15

00 to

50

00,

100 00

8 bathing-houses,

a

15

00 to

130

00,

371 67

789 stables,

it

5

00 to

420

00,

9,584 29

76 shops & engines,

a

10

00 to

284

42,

7,668 47

Amount carried forward,
6

,894 18

APPENDIX.

Amount brought forward, $276,894 18

9 fo 'dries & engines, " 12 58 to 462 00, 1,150 08

1 forge, 453 62
12 print'g & engines. " 15 00 to 93 20, 917 63
30 factories & engines," 25 50 to 578 40, 5,601 13
28 factories, 513 82

3 gaslight co's, « 79 68 to 481 20, 985 44

2 sugar refineries, 3,698 26
17 mills and engines,from 20 OOto 1,507 20, 4,691 13
22 engines, " 12 00 to 150 72, 697 17
49 printing offices " 6 00 to 28 00, 648 04

9 distilleries, " 46 95 to 691 50, 3,204 68

11 breweries, " 10 00 to 264 00, 1,262 88

4 bleacheries, " 9 00 to 10 00, 46 00
1 laundry, 25 00

1 pottery, 20 42
58 bakeries, " 6 00 to 12 00, 530 50

2 bak'ies & engines, " 20 00 to 63 12, 118 40

7 build'gs& engines, « 29 90 to 205 56, 1,397 10

1 ship yard & engines, 127 50
11 ship yards, from 10 00 to 18 00, 132 00

4 dry docks, " 15 00 to 57 00, 149 23

564 hose, " 3 00 to 10 00, 1,744 00

26 fountains, " 3 00 to 15 00, 154 33

13 packinghouses, " 9 OOto 30 00, 211 00

8 railroad comp's, " 75 00 to 1,886 64, 5,618 61

3 ferry companies, " 2,392 76
36 steamboats, « 15 00 to 700 00, 6,715 20

234 schools, " 6 00 to 16 00, 1,624 00
20 engine, hose, and

hook &ladder houses, 16 OOto 21 00, 350 00

8 police stations, from 15 00 to 80 00, 367 00

2 city stables, 103 75
6 fire alarm motors, « 10 00 to 15 00, 65 00

Amount carried forward, $322,609 86

APPENDIX.

27

Amount brought forward.

$322,609 86

I Court House,

95 00

1 City Hall,

50 00

1 Faneuil Hall,

40 00

1 City Building,

37 50

1 Probate Office,

31 00

1 office (at City Scales),

9 00

2 offices (Niles Block),

30 00

1 Dead House,

10 00

1 Public Library,

50 00

1 House of Correction,

462 00

1 Lunatic Hospital,

225 00

1 Faneuil Hall Market (urinals, &c),

70 00

1 street sprinkling,

400 00

1 offal station,

150 00

1 Common Sewer Dept. (making mortar,

&c), 75 00

1 house (in Vine Street),

7 00

1 steamer Henry Morrison,

192 56

1 Jail for Suffolk County,

243 00

Massachusetts State Prison,

817 74

Milldam Company,

300 00

Contractors for supplying shipping,

3,431 45

Filling gasometer,

59 46

Sprinkling streets,

121 86

Building purposes,

1,575 88

Skating park,

1,500 00

Steamboat hose,

283 50

Filling boilers, &c,

11 64

City of Charlestown,

470 00

Mass. Mechanics Charitable Association Fair, 25 00

1 Aquarial Garden,

25 00

1 United States Court House,

94 50

$333,502 95

28

APPENDIX.

The following table exhibits the yearly revenue received
from the sales of Cochituate water, since its introduction into
the city, Oct. 25, 1848: —

From October 25, 1848, to January 1, 1850

luary 1, 1850, to

"

a

1851

" " 1851, to

u

a

1852

" " 1852, to

u

u

1853

" " 1853, to

a

a

1854

" " 1854, to

"

u

1855

" " 1855, to

u

u

1856

" " 1856, to

a

a

1857

" " 1857, to

u

cc

1858

" " 1858, to

a

a

1859

" " 1859, to

a

u

1860

" " 1860, to

u

u

1861

$72,043 20
98,367 90
161,299 72
179,486 25
196,352 32
217,007 51
266,302 77
282,651 84
289,328 83
302,409 73
314,808 97
334,544 86

2,714,603 90

Statement showing the average daily consumption of Cochituate
water in the leading hotels, together with the amount of water-
rate charged to each respectively.

Galls, per

day.

Amount.

Tremont House, from October 1, 1859, to January 1, 1861

25,230

$1,740.93

Revere House, " " " "

24,410

1,728.54

Parker House, " " " " . . . .

20,515

1,459.79

American House, from January 1, 1860, " " . . . .

16,448

981.92

United States Hotel, " " " " . . . .

11,725

979.74

Winthrop House, from October 1, 1859, " "

7,537

862.23

Marlboro' House, from January 1, 1860, " "

8,261

711.30

Coolidge House, " " " " ....

4,462

606.66

Pearl St. House, " " " " ....

3,131

454.49

Totals

$9,525.60

This amount of $9,526.60 for the use of Chchituate water
in the above-named hotels, remains uncollected, owing to an

APPENDIX.

29

injunction having been procured by the proprietors of these
establishments to prevent the water being shut off from their
premises. Sept. 15, 1860, the case was argued in the Su-
preme Court, but as yet no decision has been made known.

Statement showing the number and kind of water fixtures con-
tained within the premises of water-takers in the city in 1858,
1859, and 1860.

1858

1859

1860

4,326

4,475

4,714

Taps. These have no connection with any drain or sewer.

26,631

29,190

31,098

Sinks.

7,729

9,358

10,141

Wash-hand basins.

3,334

3,498

3,910

Bathing-tubs.

3,327

3,699

4,210

Pan water-closets.

3,845

4,476

5,071

Hopper water-closets.

173

409

583

Self-acting water-closets.

654

910

1,070

Urinals.

2,015

2,450

3,006

Wash tubs. These are permanently attached to the buildings.

12

21

13

Shower-baths in houses where there is no tub.

9

10

10

Rams.

612

612

594

Private hydrants.

77

110

106

Slop hoppers.

52,744

59,218

64,526

PUBLIC LIBRARY

OF TBI

CITY OF BOSTON

ABBREVIATED REGULATIONS.

One volume can be taken at a time from the
Lower Hall, and one from the Bates HalL
Books can be kept out 14 days.

A fine of 2 cents for each volume will be
incurred for each day a book is detained more
than H days.

Any book detained more than a week be-
yond the time limited, will be sent for at the
expense of the delinquent.

No book is to be lent out of the household
of the borrower.

The Library hours for the delivery and re-
turn of books are from 10 o'clock, A. M., to
8 o'clock, P. M., in the Lower Hall ; and from
10 o'clock, A. M., until one half hour before
sunset in the Bates Hall.

Every book must, under penalty of one dol-
lar, be returned to the Library at such time
in August as shall be publicly announced.

The card must be presented whenever a
book is returned. For renewing a book the
card must be presented, together with the
book, or with the shelf-numbers of the book.