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U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
JAMES J. DAVIS. SecniUT
BUREAU OF IMMIGRATION
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE
COMMISSIONER GENERAL
OF IMMIGRATION
TO THE SECRETARY OF LABOR
FISCAL YEAR
ENDED JUNE 30
1921
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFHCE
1921
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
JAMES J. DAVIS. Secretory
BUREAU OF IMMIGRATION
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE
COMMISSIONER GENERAL
OF IMMIGRATION
TO THE SECRETARY OF LABOR
«
FISCAL YEAR
ENDED JUNE 30
1921
cJ
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
l<:»2l
%%
fc''
5
CONTENTS.
Report of the Commissioner General of Immigration 5
The passport-control regulations 6
Mexican agricultural laborers 7
Contract labor 7
Alien stowaways 7
Oriental immigration 8
Seamen 10
Smuggling and surreptitious entry of aliens 11
Head tax collected and administrative fines imposed 13
Deportation of aliens 14
The per centum limit act 16
Appendix I. — Statistics of immigration, 23
A — General immigi-ation and emigration 23
B — Japanese immigration and emigration 25
C — Chinese immigration and emigration 25
Appendix II. — Report on seamen 'a work 159
3
)^1 ^^,/L,i cj v3
REPORT
OF THE
COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
United States Department of Labor,
Bureau of Immigration,
WasMngton, June 30, 1921.
Sir: It will not be the purpose of this report to place before you,
Mr. Secretary, a detailed statement of the minor transactions which
were necessarily incidental to the major activities of the Bureau of
Immigration during the past year. Rather, the purpose will be to
present, in expressive tabulated form, the sum total of the year's
work of the Immigration Service, from which tables you will be able
readily to visualize the extent of the task which has been performed.
But certain introductory comment on the figures and certain obser-
vations of a general character appear to be a necessary prelude to the
report.
The fiscal year 1921 has added a particularly interesting chapter to
the history of immigration to the United States and its insular terri-
tories and possessions. With the cessation in 1918 of general hostili-
ties in war-spent Europe, speculation became rife among those inter-
ested in the immigration question as to the quantity and character of
immigration this country would draw from that continent after it
became apparent that peace was really established and something like
normal conditions of ocean travel were restored. Some predicted
that the stupendous task of reclaiming Europe from the devastation
and waste of years of war would appeal to the patriotic motives and
claim the time and attention of the vast majority of those who, at a
time other than extraordinary, might be expected to find their way
here. Others were of the view that an irresistible spirit of unrest in
the post-war period, disturbed political and economic conditions, and
the reopening of the lanes of travel after a closed period of some five
years would, if unchecked by restrictive legislation, bring upon us an
unprecedented flood of immigration.
The steadily increasing numbers of arrivals in the closing months of
the fiscal year 1920 suggested the probable accuracy of the view of the
last-mentioned school of thought. The press of arriving aliens in the
succeeding months and until emergency legislation, drastic in its
restrictive measures, began to stay the tide demonstrated with start-
ling clearness the accuracy of this view.
The total number of alien arrivals in the fiscal year 1921 was
991,942. After examination 13,779 of these were found to be unac-
ceptable for various reasons and deported. The number of alien ad-
missions for the year was, therefore, 978,163, as against 621,576 in
the previous year and 237,021 in the fiscal year 1919. Of the total
5
6 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
number of aliens admitted during the past ;7ear 172,93.5 were nonim-
migrant (i. e., not coming for permanent residence). Our true immi-
gration for the year was, therefore, 805,228, as compared with 430,001
for the previous year — an increase of 375,227. The emigrant depar-
tures were 247,718, a decrease of -40, 597 from the previous year. The
permanent addition to our ahen popuhition was, therefore, 557,510.
The number of aliens accorded immigration inspection for the year
(which includes 1,139,339 seamen) aggregated 2,131,281, exceeding by
564,829 the alien inspections of the previous year, and by 679,748 the
total inspections in 1907, when there occurred the heaviest immigra-
tion in the history of our country (at which time, however, aliens
engaged regularly in the calling of seamen were not required to be
examined) .
It is a peculiar fact that nearly all of the additional alien arrivals
was at the port of New York, the total for all of the other ports
(including the Canadian and Mexican borders) having been but
339,450, as compared with 301,102 during the preceding year. There
was an actual decrease in the number of such arrivals across the land
borders, accounted for on the southern border by more or less de-
pressed industrial conditions which had a tendency to discourage
immigration from Mexico, and on the northern by the high rate of
currency exchange, the material advances in railway and sleeping car
rates, economic conditions comparable to our own, and a wa^e scale
not materially lower than that which prevails on this side of the line.
Our border officers, however, have had a busy and trying year in
endeavoring to prevent the surreptitious entry of unvisaed and other-
wise inadmissible aliens from certain of the countries of Europe who
chose this indirect route of travel because of the knowledge, or belief,
which they had that they would certainly be rejected at our seaports
or any other port or place where they might apply for admission in
regular manner. The situation with respect to this class of aliens has
become particularly serious on the southern border and comment
thereon will be made in another part of this report.
THE PASSPOKT-CONTROL REGULATIONS.
There have been some important modifications of the passport-
control regulations. Immigration officers continue to act as control
officers at our ports for and on behalf of the Department of State.
The permit system has been abandoned, so that it is no longer
necessary for resident aliens to obtain special permits before depart-
ing from the countr}^. Our own citizens also may depart from and
return to the country without special permits, although the presenta-
tion of such passports is quite generally required by the foreign
Governments before travel through the respective countries is per-
mitted. With but few exceptions all aliens coming to the United
States, either as immigrants or nonimmigrants, are required to have
passports and consular visas. These exceptions are: Citizens of
Canada, Newfoundland, Bermuda, and the Bahama Islands, or
subjects domiciled therein; citizens of St. Pierre and Miquelon, or
citizens of France domiciled therein; with certain exceptions, aliens
who have been residents of Mexico within the 40-mile border zone
for at least one year prior to the date upon which they start upon
their trip to the United States; aliens, regardless of nationality^
RKPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 7
regularly domiciled in the United States who return thereto, after an
absence not exceedino; six months, from Canada, Newfoundland,
Bermuda, the Bahama Islands, or St. Pierre and Miquelon; aliens mak-
ing round-trip cruises from American ports without transshipment
from the vessel on which departure occurred; and aliens who are
passengers on vessels which touch at United States ports while
enroute to foreign destinations.
MEXICAN AGRICULTURAL LABORERS.
At an early stage of the war it became apparent that in certain
parts of the country there was a serious shortage of agricultural
laborers essential to the production of foodstuffs and cotton. Strictly
as a matter of war policy, and by virtue of the authority of the ninth
proviso to section 3 of the general immigration act. it was determined
to waive certain provisions of the immigration requirements and admit,
temporarily and conditionally, a limited number of such laborers from
Mexico. Authority for the admission of this class of aliens was
terminated on March 2, 1921, and the importers were called upon to
return to Mexico all such aliens then in their employ. The return
movement is still under way, extensions having been granted by the
department, upon application, in certain especially meritorious cases.
The total number of aliens admitted under the department's ex-
ceptions during the years 1917 to 1921, inclusive, was 72,862. Of
this number, 34,922 have returned to Mexico; 414 died; 494 were
examined for permanent residence, found eligible for admission under
the immigration laws, paid head tax, and were admitted; 21,400
deserted their employment and disappeared; and, so far as can be
ascertained, 15,632 are still in the employ of the original importers.
Of those who deserted their employment and disappeared, it is likely
that a considerable percentage have found their way back to Mexico,
owing to the present slight demand for that class of labor in the
border States.
CONTRACT LABOR.
Ordinarily, an interesting and important phase of the bureau's
work is that which pertains to the enforcement of that clause of the
law which was designed to protect our workmen from an invasion
of foreign laborers induced to come here under contract or agree-
ment for their services. There are but few transactions under this
provision of the law to report, for there has been, during the major
portion of the year at least, an oversupply of domestic labor in most
of the branches, and, except in a few special lines, there has been no
occasion for employers of labor to call upon the foreign labor markets.
ALIEN STOWAWAYS.
This anomalous type of immigrant, or intending immigrant, has
continued to arrive in our ports in increasing numbers, choosing to
come in this manner because of having been rejected as a " poor risk"
by the steamship companies, because of lack of funds with which to
purchase transportation, lack of a passport or consular visa, encour-
agement by organizations, or because of other and varied reasons.
8 EEPOET OF COMMISSIO^^ER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
The total arrivals of this class for the year was 3,539 as compared with
2,392 in the preceding year. At the port of New York alone there
was recorded the arrival of 1,545 aliens of this class. Some of the
steamships plying to that port have brought as high as 25 to 30 stowa-
ways on each trip. A certain vessel which recently arrived there
had 57 stowaways on board. The vast majority of such aliens are
promptly and properly deported, although occasionally some of
them are found to be admissible. All are examined as to their ad-
missibility under the immigration laws.
ORIENTAL IMMIGRATION.
There were admitted during the year 4,017 Chinese immigrant
aliens. The total number of immigrant aliens of this race admitted
in the fiscal year 1920 was 2,148 — an increase for the year of 1,869.
In addition to those admitted, 404 Chinese arrived at our ports of
entry for aliens of that race and were deported after examination
had established their ineligibility for admission. Additionally, 5,815
Chinese were examined for return privilege, on applications made by
them, and 5,754 return certificates were issued.
The number of Chinese emigrants departing from the United States
was 5,253. A majority of these left only after securing certificates
which, prima facie, entitled them to readmission upon return. The
searching investigations which it is necessary to conduct, with a view
to the prevention of imposition and fraud, in the cases of Chinese
seeking the return privilege consume a great deal of the time of our
officers and affords Chinese who are unlawfully in the country an
inexpensive, easy, and comparatively safe means of establishing a
"lawful" status upon which they can depart from and return to the
country, and even bring in their wives and offspring. Possibly the
whole plan of preinvestigation, except in the cases of departing
laborers who are entitled to a predetermination of their status as a
matter of law, should be abolished.
" A not inconsiderable number of Chinese, not carried in the statisti-
cal returns, succeeded in entering the United States by deserting
from vessels upon which they arrived as crew members, in addition
to which there has been perhaps the usual number of surreptitious
entries across our land borders. A plan to refuse shore leave to
Chinese seamen unless and until a bond to insure ultimate departure
is furnished is now being devised, and the bureau will have a defi-
nite recommendation to make as to this in the near future.
Seventy-tliree Chinese stowaways were cUscovered on a vessel
which recently arrived at the port of San Francisco from the Orient.
It was ascertained that these stowaways had for years been crew
members of different vessels plying between this country and ports
in China; that on their previous return to Hongkong on the vessel
on which they arrived as stowaways they refused to sign the vessel's
articles for the return trip to this country, ostensibly abandoning
their calling; that an equal number of their countrymen, inexperi-
enced as seamen, were thereupon signed on the articles of the ship
in their stead; and that the 73 old crew members then stowed away
on the vessel and actually performed the customary duties aboard
the vessel up to the time of her arrival at San Francisco, when they
again stowed away. This was no mere prank that the Chinese
RKPOKT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION, 9
were playing; on the vessel authorities. On the contrary, it was a
deliberately planned scheme, which possibly had worked without
detection on previous occasions, to assist (undoubtedly for a satis-
factory consideration) 73 of their countrymen to gain surreptitious
and unlawful admission to the United States. Measures the pur-
pose of which was to effectually stop practices of this character
have been taken.
A noteworthy increase in the numbers of Chinese arriving at our
ports and seeking the privilege of transit across United States terri-
tory also occurred. In this connection the figures show that the
privilege of transit under bond was granted on behalf of 17,907
Chinese. Of this number,. 8,269 were admitted at San Francisco,
with destinations (principally) Cuba and Mexico; and 6,677 were
admitted at Montreal, across the land border, with destinations
Cuba, Mexico, South America, etc.
Some months ago the Government of Mexico announced that the
further admission of Chinese transits to that countiy would be
prohibited. This announcement had the immediate effect of stop-
ping the transit movement of Chinese to that country via United
States ports. Since that time the bulk of Chinese transits have gone
to Cuba. This heavy transit of Chinese coolie laborers to that coun-
try had its origin during the war period, wiien their services were
utilized very largely in the raising of sugar cane and in the sugar
industry. It is understood that for the past two years or more
there has been no demand for the services of Chinese laborers in
Cuba, that there is nothing for them to do, and that there are now
thousands there virtually idle, with no work in prospect. Yet the
transit movement there continues — has even sho\\'7i an increase
during the past year. The return transit movement from Cuba for
the past year has been rather inconsequential. Unfortunately the
exact figures are not readily available.
It is interesting to speculate as to just what the motive which
impels these Chinese laborers to proceed to Cuba in such large
numbers may be. It is equally interesting to speculate as to what
eventually becomes of them. Some have been detected in endeavors
to smuggle into this country at points on the Atlantic coast. Others
have been apprehended after having successfully smuggled, or been
smuggled, ashore. Doubtless many others have gained entry in this
manner and their presence here has not been discovered.
As the matter of granting transit to Chinese aliens is a privilege
to be exercised in the discretion of the department, rather than a
requirement, the bureau has recently given serious consideration to
the question of stopping it so far as those with destination to Cuba
is concerned. It will be appreciated, however, that the Chinese
affected could still reach their destination by sailing direct to Habana,
through the Panama Canal.
The number of Japanese aliens admitted to continental United
States decreased from 12,868 in the fiscal year 1920 to 10,675 for the
present year. There was a slight increase in the present year in the
number of Japanese aliens admitted in Hawaii, the figures showing
the admission there of 3,599, as compared with 3,306 in 1920. The
Korean alien admissions in Hawaii for the past year totaled 56.
In past years a considerable number of women of the Japanese race
were admitted at continental ports, destined to husbands whom they
10 EEPOET OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
had married in accordance with the so-called "picture," or "proxy,"
system. In its last report the bureau called attention to the fact
that, after due consideration of the subject, the Japanese Government
fixed by decree the 29th day of February, 1920, as the last day upon
which passports would issue to so-called "proxy" brides, and
announced that September 1, 1920, would be the last day that pass-
ports so issued would be considered valid. This decree of the
Imperial Government of Japan has had the effect of stopping the
coming to mainland ports of the United States of "proxy" brides.
There have been some desertions from arriving vessels of Japanese
crew members; but apparently the number who have thus deserted
and remained in the United States has not been large.
SEAMEN.
More alien seamen have been accorded examination (immigration and
medical) in ports of the United States during the present year than
during any other year since the examination of such seamen was made
compulsory. That the examination of arriving alien seamen imposes
upon the Immigration Service a huge volume of work will be made
readily apparent by an inspection of the figures. The number of
vessels boarded by the immigration officials and representative of the
Pubhc Health Service is reported as 26,470; 1,139,339 inspections
were conducted on board of said vessels; 118,967 seamen's identifi-
cation cards were issued; 6,331 seamen were certified to be afflicted
with loathsome or dangerous contagious diseases (most of them
venereal) ; and 4,878 of this number were removed to hospital for
treatment at the expense of the vessels' interests, pursuant to the
authority of the immigration act approved December 26, 1920.
Numerous vessels engaged in the freight business have tied up in
United States ports during the past year, and, of course, a majority
of the seamen employed thereon have been paid off and discharged.
The vast number of destitute and virtually destitute alien seamen
now in our principal seaports seeking an opportunity to reship for-
eign or to obtain passage to their home countries has created a situa-
tion as embarrassing to the Government as it is to the local municipal
and charitable authorities and the seamen themselves. In the very
nature of things, employment of the character these men are accus-
tomed to can not be had until such time as the period of enforced
idleness of the boats which brought them thither is over with. In the
meantime, thousands of these aliens, who have never been legally
admitted to the United States, are crowding our seaports, without
means, and without immediate prospect of obtaining employment.
Some of the foreign Governments are now giving earnest consideration
to the question of ways and means of repatriating their subjects who
are here in the status of stranded seamen.
The seamen work has continued to be under the general super-
vision of the bureau's special representative, designated for this par-
ticular duty, Inspector J. J. Hurley, and attention is called to his
report on the subject, which forms Appendix II hereto.
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 11
SMUGGLING AND STJRREPTITIOUS ENTRY OF ALIENS.
In its annual report for last year the bureau called attention to an
organization which had been established and was operating for the
purpose of preventing the smuggling and surreptitious entry of aliens
into the United States. This organization has not operated as a
unit during the present fiscal year, but the work has been handled by
the various immigration districts affected, both singly and in coopera-
tion, one with the other. The results have been all that could be
expected with the limited number of officers who could be assigned to
smuggling-prevention work. There has been a number of prosecu-
tions, particularly along the land boundaries, for entry in violation of
the passport-control regulations and for unlawfully bringing aliens
into the United States m violation of the immigration and Chinese
exclusion acts. In a great many instances where the smuggler was
not apprehended, the alien has merely been arrested in deportation
proceedmgs and deported, usually to the country of his nativity,
whether such country was foreign contiguous or in a remote quarter
of the globe.
Withm the past year the restrictions of the visa system have begun
to be felt in certain of the European countries from which a com-
paratively large immigration has been received m past years, the re-
sult being that hundreds of aliens — who, for one reason or another
(usually because of some inherent disability on their part) , have been
unable to obtam consular visas entitling them to come to the United
States — have gone to either Canada or Mexico with the purpose firmly
in view of ultimately gaining surreptitious entry to the United States
across the land borders, in violation of both the passport-control
regulations and the immigration laws. A majority of these aliens
have sailed for ports in Mexico (either Vera Cruz or Tampico), due,
doubtless, to the restrictions which Canada imposes upon aliens de-
sirous of entering that country. It is not a matter of great difficulty
at the present time for aliens of this class to obtain admission to
Mexico, where economic conditions are such as to offer a sufficient
guaranty that they will not remain there and that that country was
not their actual destination when they sailed therefor, vSeveral
hundred European aliens of the class referred to have been arrested
on this side of the line by our immigration authorities, and in most of
these cases the department has issued its warrants directing their
deportation from the country. All of these aliens entered the United
States in a surreptitious manner, usually with the aid of professional
smugglers, and it has been only by the exercise of extreme patience
and eternal vigilance that our officers have been able to detect their
presence here.
While the stories related by these arrested aliens have varied as to
the reasons which impelled them to come to the United States in this
roundabout way at a very considerable cost and to steal into the
country, with the aid of professional smugglers, the conclusion may
well be reached from the circumstances and from their stories, col-
lectively, that they either knew or had good reason for believing that
they would not and could not be admitted if they applied in regular
manner. Some of these aliens have been found to be afflicted with
loathsome and dangerous contagious diseases, others to be illiterate,
and all either without passports or consular visas entitling them to
12 EEPOKT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
enter. Some representations have been made to the eifect that this
movement has been fostered and encouraged by unscrupulous steam-
ship agencies abroad and by representatives of alleged "welfare"
societies. How much truth these reports may have for their founda-
tion the bureau does not know. It does know, however, that this
movement is on the increase and that it has reached such a stage as to
occasion alarm. There will soon be added to the numbers of Euro-
pean aliens not able, for one reason or another, to obtain passports or
consular visas countless aliens in certain of the European countries
not able to come to the United States because of the restrictive
features of the emergency legislation recently passed by Congress,
which received the approval of the President under date of May 19,
1921, and became operative on the third day of this month. Judging
from the numbers of immigrants of certain nationalities which have
crowded over during the present month, it is altogether apparent
that the countries of which they are nationals will very soon have
exhausted the quotas allotted to them, after which time further
immigration therefrom for the fiscal year 1922 will not be permissible.
As the restrictive measures of this act begin to be felt it may be
expected that there will be a large increase in the exodus of admissible
European and other aliens for Mexican ports, the ultimate destina-
tion of whom will be the United States. Without a special border
patrol composed of a sufficient number of mounted officers to be
really effective, it can not be expected that a complete check can
be put upon the surreptitious crossing of this anticipated horde of
aliens determined to effect entry. In this connection it should be
borne in mind that there is some 2,000 miles of border hne to guard,
that settlements are comparatively few and far between, and that,
with the limited force of officers available, the Immigration Service
is able to maintain stations at only about twenty places along the
line. Afiens desirous of entering surreptitiously quite naturally
avoid endeavoring to cross in the immediate vicinity of one of our
stations, the line on each side of which for as great a distance as
possible is guarded as closely as the circumstances will permit.
The Immigration Service has been allotted such a small appropria-
tion for the coming fiscal year as to preclude the appointment of addi-
tional officers on either border. Therefore it would seem to be essen-
tial, if any endeavor whatever is to be made to cope with the situation
above described, to devise some means of making it as unprofitable as
possible to the smuggler, the smuggled, and the surreptitious entrant.
The smuggler, when he actually crosses the line and is captured, can
be prosecuted either under the passport-control regulations or the
immigration act, or both, the penalties prescribed in these acts being
quite severe. The aliens themselves, when apprehended, will be
subject to prosecution for a violation of the passport-control regula-
tions, but the punishment usually meted out in cases in wliich con-
victions occur is generally insufficient to deter others of this class
from taking a chance and entering in like manner. It would seem
to be of the utmost importance, in this connection, for the depart-
ment to do all that it can to discourage the unlawful coming of this
class of aliens. It is befieved that this can best be done by deporting
the offending aliens with as much celerity as is possible, not to Mexico,
where they doubtless would rather go in order to be in an advanta-
geous position to repeat the performance, but to the European
KKPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 13
country whence they embarked on their irregular journey to the
United" States.
The majority of the aliens who have been arrested in deportation
proceedings after having entered in the manner inchoated were of the
Hebrew race, although there was a sprinkling of other races and
nationalities among the arrested. But so far few of these aliens have
been actually deported from the country, although arrangements to
carry a considerable number of them to the seaboard for return to
Europe have been perfected. It is hoped that nothing will transpire
to interfere with the prompt execution of the warrants for the depor-
tation to Eiu-ope of these aliens.
HEAD TAX COLLECTED AND ADMINISTRATIVE FINES
IMPOSED.
Section 2 of the act of February 5, 1917, provides that a head tax
of SS shall be collected on every alien, including alien seamen regu-
larly admitted for the purpose of residence, entering the United
States. Children mider 16 years of age, traveling with a parent, are
not subject to the payment of the head tax, and certain other classes
are exempted.
Under tliis provision of law there was levied and collected during
the 3'ear the sum of $5,697,528, which was covered into the general
funds of the Treasury. Formerly these collections \Vere credited to
a special fund which was utihzed for the conduct of the Immigration
Service — administering the law^s committed to it for enforcement, etc.
The law authorizing the establishment of this fund was repealed
by the act of March 4, 1909, since which time yearly estimates of the
costs of operating the service have been submitted to Congress and
appropriations made in the usual manner.
Administrative fines have been assessed against transportation
companies or the masters, owners, or agents of vessels entering
United States seaports, in the sum of $324,340. This is by far the
the largest sum ever collected in any one year as administrative fines
for infractions of the immigration laws by transportation companies,
exceecUng the amount collected in the fiscal year 1920 (the second
largest amount thus collected in the history of the Immigration
Service) by $170,130. Other collections in the fiscal year totaled
$46,528.
The entire cost of operating the Immigration Service for the fiscal
year 1921, including the payment of salaries, maintenance and repair
of immigration stations, etc., was $4,011,233. The net revenue to
the Government for the year, on account of the enforcement of the
immigration laws was, therefore, $2,057,163. The sum of
$3,000,000 has been appropriated by Congress for the conduct of the
Imniigration Service and the administration of the various laws per-
taining to immigration for the fiscal year 1922. As the act approved
May 19, 1921, which limits the admission of aliens of any nationality
to 3 per cent of the number of foreign-born persons of such nationality
resident in the United States when the 1910 census was taken, will be
in operation throughout the entire fiscal year 1922, there is every
re'ason to believe that the expenditures for the year will exceed the
collections by a considerable sum. The official computation shows
that the permissible immigration for the year from the countries
affected bv the act will not exceed 360,000.
14
EEPOET OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
DEPORTATION OF ALIENS.
The figures for the year show a hirge increase in the number of aliens
deported from the United States for various causes under the immi-
gration law over those deported for like causes in the fiscal year 1920,
the figures for the two years being 4,517 and 2,762, respectively. The
following table will serve to show the numbers deported, by races:
African (black)
99
Japanese
71
Armenian
8
Lithuanian
20
Bohemian
17
Magyar
32
Bulgarian
28
Mexican
1,268
Chinese
.... 341
Polish
138
Croatian and Slovenian
65
Portuguese
46
Cuban
3
Rumanian
16
Dalmatian
5
Russian
380
Dutch and Flemish
43
Ruthenian
Scandinavian
Scotch
28
East Indian
19
93
English
.... 389
105
Finnish
56
Slovak
16
French
.... 179
Spanish
94
German
.... 252
Spanish-American
15
Greek
82
Svi-ian
33
Hebrew
. . . . 134
Turkish
6
Irish
.... 139
Welsh
7
Italian (north)
30
West Indian
8
Italian (south)
. . . . 216
Other peoples
36
Considerable difficulty has been experienced in effecting the deporta-
tion of aliens of the anarchist and kindred classes. The majority of
the aliens ordered to be deported because of their beliefs or activities
along these lines were of Russian nationality. Between the time of
the sailing of the Buford on December 21, 1919, which carried a large
number of Russian deportees of this class, and December, 1920, it was
impossible to effect any deportations whatever to that country.
Arrangements were finally perfected to get aliens being deported
through to Russia by sending them through Latvia. In the neighbor-
hood of 350 were subsequently deported by way of this route before
the Soviet regime closed the borders of Russia to all Russian deportees
from the United States in April last. Altogether, there were 446
aliens, of all nationalities, who were arrested under the anarchist
provisions of the immigration law and actually deported in the
present fiscal year.
Section 23 of the immigration act of February 5, 1917, makes it
the duty of the Commissioner General of Immigration to detail
officers of the Immigration Service from time to time to secure
information as to the number of aliens detained in the penal reform-
atory and charitable institutions of the several States, Territories,
and the District of Columbia, and to inform the officers of such
institutions of the provisions of law in relation to the deportation of
aliens who have become public charges. The inability to effect
deportation to the various countries of Europe during the process
of the war and for many months thereafter, owing to the laclv of
transportation facilities, resulted in the accumulation in eleemosy-
nary institutions in the United States of in the neighborhood of
3,000 aliens, mostly insane, who were being maintained and supported
by the public funds of the various States. With the improvement
in sailing conditions in the fiscal years 1920 and 1921 these accumula-
tions have been practically cleared up by the deportation of the aliens
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 15
SO hold. Of those left in these institutions who were under orders of
deportation the majority are of Russian nationality and can not be
deported so long as the borders of that country remain closed. The
lack of a sufficient appropriation to carry on the work will prevent
a systematic or extensive combing over of the penal reformatories
and charitable institutions in the present year, although as much
work will be done in this direction as our limited financial resources
will permit.
The existing passport requirements of virtually all the nations
are such as to require the obtaining of a passport for every alien who
is deported from the United States. These passports are obtained
from the diplomatic or consular representatives of the country of
which the alien happens to be a citizen or subject. In almost every
instance these representatives require the presentation of documen-
tary evidence of the citizensliip of the alien before they will issue a
passport to or for him. All too frequently the alien has lost his
documentary evidence of citizenship, which fact renders it necessary
to enter into correspondence with the country concerned, through
the Department of State, in an endeavor to obtain such evidence.
All of this entails a vast amount of work, and the results are usually
quite uncertain. In the present fiscal year it has been necessary to
proceed in this manner to obtain passports in more than six hundred
cases.
During the fiscal year there have been 9 ''coast to coast" deporta-
tion parties, which conveyed a total of 1,176 aliens from all parts of
the United States to the several coast and border ports for return to
the respective countries whence they came. This system has been
found to be the most satisfactory and economical of any yet devised
for the deportation of considerable numbers of aliens from the country.
A brief description of the system will, it is believed, be of interest.
A party of aliens, under departmental orders of deportation, is
formed at New York City under the immediate direction of the
bureau's deporting officer. This party then proceeds to New Orleans,
where it is joined to another party arriving from Chicago. Wlien
these two parties meet at New Orleans they have gathered up all
aliens in the eastern section of the United States who are being
returned to Mexico by way of the Mexican border or to the Orient
by way of San Francisco. The party then proceeds along the Mexi-
can border, leaving aliens who are being deported to Mexico in the
hands of the appropriate immigration authorities along the border to
be placed across the line, and receiving from these officers aUens for
later delivery farther along the line, for return to Mexico or for
delivery at San Francisco for deportation to China, Japan, and other
sections of the Orient. At San Francisco are assembled all aliens
in the coast States who are to be deported to Europe. Whereupon the
party turns eastward, the deportation train being met at several
points by parties gathered from north and south of the line of travel,
so that upon the arrival of the train at New York a complete sweep
of the country has been made. Of course, aliens who are arrested
along the borders and are subject to return to either Canada or
Mexico, as the case may be, and who may be placed across the line
at a point not too far remote from where apprehended, are not joined
16 KEPOI^T OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
to these parties. Neither are ahens joined to it who have been appre-
hended within a reasonable distance of the seaport from which their
deportation is to occur.
THE PER CENTUM LIMIT ACT.
The important event in the immigration record of the year, and
in fact one of the most radical and far-reaching events in the annals of
immigration legislation, -was the enactment of the law of May 19,
1921, entitled "An Act to limit the immigration of aliens into the
United States." This law went into effect June 3, 1921, and, there-
fore, was in operation 28 days during the fiscal year under considera-
tion. As this is the first strictly immigration law which provides
for actually limiting the number of aliens, other than Asiatics, who
may be admitted to the United States, a brief review of the legislation
may not be out of place in this report.
On December 13, 1920, the House of Representatives, b}^ a vote of
295 to 41 passed a bill which provided for the temporary suspension
of all immigration into the 'United States, with the exception of
certain exempt classes. The Senate amended this act by substituting
the so-called per centum limit plan of restriction and this prevailed,
but executive approval was withheld and the compromise measure
failed to become a law prior to the final adjournment of the Sixty-
sixth Congress on March 4. The proposed measure was immediately
introduced in both Houses at the beginning of the present Congress,
and, as already stated, became a law on May 19, 1921.
The act is a brief one, its essential provisions being as follows :
Sec. 2. (a) That the number of aliens of any nationality who may be admitted under
the immigration laws to the United States in any fiscal year shall be limited to 3 per
centum of the number of foreign-born persons of such nationality resident in the
United States as determined by the United States census of 1910. This provision shall
not apply to the following, and they shall not be counted in reckoning any of the
percentage limits provided in this act: (1) Government officials, their families,
attendants, servants, and employees; (2) aliens in continuous transit through the
United States; (3) aliens lawfully admitted to the United States who later go in transit
from one part of the United States to another through foreign contiguous territory;
(4) aliens \dsiting the United States as tourists or temporarily for Jnisiness or pleasure;
(5) aliens from countries immigration from which is regulated in accordance with
treaties or agreements relating solely to immigration; (6) aliens from the so-called
Asiatic baiTed zone, as described in section 3 of the immigration act; (7) aliens who
have resided continuously for at least one year immediately preceding the time of
their admission to the United States in the Dominion of Canada. Newfoundland, the
Republic of Cuba, the Republic of Mexico, countries of Central or South America, or
adjacent islands; or (8) aliens under the age of eighteen who are children of citizens of
the United States.
(b) For the purposes of this act nationality shall be determined by country of bii-th,
treating as separate countries the colonies or dependencies for which separate enumera-
tion was made in the United States census of 1910.
(c) The Secretary of State, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary of Labor,
jointly, shall, as soon as feasible after the enactment of this act, prepare a statement
showing the number of persons of the various nationalities resident in the United
States as determined by the I'nited States census of 1910, which statement shall be
the population basis for the purposes of this act. In case of changes in political
boundaries in foreign countries occurring subsequent to 1910 and resulting (1) in the
creation of new countries, the Governments of which are recognized by the United
States, or (2) in the transfer of territory from one country to another, such transfer
being recognized l)y the United States, such officials, jointly, shall estimate the
number of persons resident in the United States in 1910 who were born ^xithin the
area included in such new countries or in such territory so transferred, and revise
EKPOET OF CO:\[MIS^I()XHH (IHNKUAL OF IMAIIOHATION. 17
the population kisis as to each country involved in such change of i)olitical boundary.
For the jnirposo of such re\-ision and for the purposes of this act generally aliens born
in the area included in any such new country shall be considered as having been born
in such country, and aliens born in any territory so transferred shall be considered
a.*^ having been born in the country to which such territory was transferred.
(d^ Wiien the maximum numl)er of aliens of any nationality who may be admitted
in any fiscal year irnder this act shall have been admitted all other aliens of sue h
nationality, except as otherAvise pro\'ided in this act, who may apply for admission
during the same fiscal year shall be excluded: Provided, That the number of aliens
of any nationality who may be admitted in any month shall not exceed 20 per centum
of the total number of aliens of such nationality who are admissible in that fiscal
year: Provided further, That aliens returning from a temporary visit abroad, aliens
who are professional actors, artists, lecturers, singers, nurses, ministers of any religious
denomination, professors for colleges or seminaries, aliens belonging to any recognized
learned profession, or aliens employed as domestic servants, may, if otherwise admis-
sible, be admitted notxx'ithstanding the maximum number of aliens of the same
nationality admissible in the same month or fiscal year, as the case may be, shall
have entered the United States; but aliens of the classes included in this proviso-
who enter the United States before such maximum numlier shall have entered shall
(unless excluded by subdi\ision (a) from being counted) be counted in reckoning'
the percentage limits proAdded in this act: Provided further , That in the enforcement
of this act preference shall be given so far as possible to the wives, parents, brothers,
sisters, children under eighteen years of age, and tiancees, (1) of citizens of the United
States, (2) of aliens now in the United States who have applied for citizenship in
the manner proAdded by law, or (3) of persons eligilile to United States citizenship
who served in the military or naval forces of the United States at any time between
April 6, 1917, and November 11, 1918, both dates inclusive, and have been separated
from such forces under honorable conditions.
It will be noted that immigration from certain countries and areas
does not come within the provisions of the law, and, eliminating-
these, it is found that it is applicable only to aliens coming from
Europe, including Trans-Caucasia, tne region comprising prewar
Turkey in Asia, Persia, Africa, Australasia, all islands of the Atlantic,
and certain minor islands of the Pacific. The immigration of aliens
who are natives of countries of the New World is not at all subject
to the provisions of the act nor are aliens born elsewhere who have
resided in New World countries for at least one year affected. Asiatic
immigration, bein^ otherwise regulated by laws, treaties, or agree-
ments, is also outside the provisions of the per centum law.
It will be noted further that the law provides for adjusting the
foreign-born population resident in the United States in 1910 to
the various countries of Europe as they exist at the present time,
and this necessitated assigning immigration quotas not only to
countries whose boundaries had remained unchanged but also to
countries and areas hitherto unknown in immigration statistics.
Moreover, it was necessary under the terms of the act to determine
the number of aliens who might be admitted from such countries
between June 3, when the law went into effect, and June 30, the end
of the fiscal year, as well as during the fiscal year. 1922 and any
month thereof.
70112—21 2
18
EEPOKT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
The task imposed upon the Secretary of State, the Secretary of
Commerce, and yourself in this respect was completed on June 2,
one day before the law went into effect, and the quotas were allotted
as follows:
Number of aliens admissible under the act of May 19, 1921, entitled*"' An act to limit the
immigration of aliens into the United States."
Country or place of birth.
Quota
June 3-30,
1921.
Quota
fiscal year
1922.
Limit
per month,
fiscal year
1922.
Albania
22
571
- 119
23
1, 095
22
433
298
5
437
5,219
252
432
3, 224
491
7
276
930
1,528
451
177
569
2,627
51
1, 531
2S7
5,923
6
122
4
34
69
16
6
9
"i
5
2
287
7,444
1, 557
301
14, 209
2S5
5, 644
3,890
71
5,692
68, 039
5; 6.35
42, 021
6, 405
92
3,602
12,116
20, 019
5 781
2,269
■ 7,414
34, 247
663
19, 956
3,745
77,206
86
1,588
56
438
905
215
78
120
271
50
60
22
57
1,489
311
60
2,854
57
1,129
778
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Finland
France
1 138
Germany
13, 608
657
1 127
Greece
Hungary
Italy....
8 404
1^281
Netherlands
720
Norway
Poland
Eastern Galicia^
1 156
Portugal (including Azores and Madeira Islands)
'454
Russia (including Siberia)
6,849
133
Spain
3,991
749
United Kingdom
15,441
Other Europe (including Andorra, Gibraltar, Lichtenstein, Malta,
Palestine. . .
11
Syria
181
Other Turkey (Europe and Asia).
43
Other Asia (including Persia and territory other than Siberia wliicli
is not included in the Asiatic Barred Zone. Persons born in
Siberia are included in the Russia quota)
16
A frica
24
Atlantic islands (other than Azores, Madeira, and islands adjacent
to the American continents)
12
Pacific Islands (other than New Zealand and islands adjacent to
the American continents)
4
Total
27,298
355, 825
71,163
» Given up by Austria and Hungary, and therefore can not be included in either of thesecountries.
* As Eastern Galicia was given up by Austria, according to the treaty of St. Germain, but is not yet
allotted to any other country (the eastern boundary of Poland being not yet defined), the quota of Eastern
Galicia will be 5,781 (Poland 20.019) for the fiscal year 1922.
3 The Smyrna District is under Greek military administration; no treaty had gone into effect detaching
this district from Turkey or placing it under Greek administration or under local parliament; the quota
for the Smyrna District will be 438 (Turkey 215) for the fiscal year 1922.
It will be noted that the per centum limit law was enacted May
19, 1921, and that, so far as its principal provisions were concerned,
it became effective June 3. Evidently the Congress considered that
15 days was a sufficient warning to transportation companies, but
notwithstanding the warning, somewhat more than 10,000 aliens
of various nationalities were brought to the United States during the
month of June in excess of the cjuota allotted for that month. These
aliens were, of course, entirely innocent and were, indeed, the helpless
BEPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 19
victims of the transportation companies which brought them.
Each of the aliens involved was, of course, entitled to a full examina-
tion under the immigration law and also to an appeal to the Secretary
of Labor. The situation thus created was an utterly impossible
one and, after due consideration, you took the only practicable
action when on June 10 you directed that such aliens in excess of the
quota should, if otherwise admissible, be admitted temporarily on
bond until October 1. In this connection you held that an extraor-
dinary emergency existed, and that the action taken was necessary
in the interests of humanity. Subsequent events fully justified the
wisdom of your practical and humane act, and much confusion to
the immigration service and hardship to the aliens involved were
thereby averted.
The total number admitted in excess of the June quota was 11,741,
the nationalities chiefly represented being Czechoslovakia, 1,689;
Greece, 353; Hungary, 747; Italy, 2,320; Jugoslavia, 1,133; Poland
2,367; Portugal, 517; Rumania, 1,438; Spain, 274.
Notwithstanding these excess admissions, the total number
admitted in June from all sources coming within the scope of the
per centum act was 28,398, which was only slightly in excess of the
quota of 27,298 who were admissible from such sources during the
month named. It is of course impossible to predict concerning the
future operations of the law, but experience during the month of
June indicates that the number coming from certain sources, par-
ticularly southern and eastern Europe, during the coming fiscal
year will be only a fraction of the number who would come were it
not for the restrictive provisions of the law.
In conclusion, it is my desire to thank you on behalf of the bureau
for the splendid and sympathetic cooperation which you have given
the service during the brief weeks of your administration of the
department.
W. W. Husband,
Commissioner General of Immigration.
Hon. James J. Davis,
Secretary of Labor.
APPENDIX I
STATISTICS OF IMMIGRATION
21
APPENDIX I.
STATISTICS OF IMMIGRATION.
The following tables present the immigration statistics for the past
year in comparison with previous years, beginning with 1820, and so
arranged as to furnish information upon practically all sides of the
immigration question that can be represented statistically.
In the classification of aliens the terms (1) immigrant and emi-
grant and (2) nonimmigrant and nonemigrant, respectively, relate
(1) to permanent arrivals and departures and (2) to temporary
arrivals and departures. In compiling the statistics under this
classification the following rule is observed: Arriving aliens whose
permanent domicile has been outside the United States who intend
to reside permanently in the United States are classed as immigrant
aliens; departing aliens whose permanent residence has been in the
United States who intend to reside permanently abroad are classed
as emigrant aliens; all alien residents of the United States making
a temporary trip abroad and all aliens residing abroad making a tem-
porary trip to the United States are classed as nonemigrant aliens on
the outward journey and nonimmigrant aliens on the inward.
A.— GENERAL IMMIGRATION AND EMIGRATION (TABLES I TO XXIV-A).
Page.
Table I. — Aliens admitted, departed, debarred, and deported, and United
States citizens arrived and departed, fiscal years ended June 30, 1920 and 1921 26
Table II.— Net increase or decrease of population by arrival and departure of
aliens, fiscal years ended June 30, 1920 and 1921, by months 27
Table III. — ^Net increase or decrease of population by arrival and departure of
aliens, fiscal years ended June 30, 1920 and 1921. by countries 28
Table IV. — Net increase or decrease of population by arrival and departure of
aliens, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by races or peoples 30
Table V. — Intended future permanent residence of aliens admitted and last
permanent residence of aliens departed, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by
States and Territories 31
Table \l. — Occupations of aliens admitted and departed, fiscal year ended
June 30, 1921 32
Table VII. — Sex. age, literacy, financial condition, etc., of immigrant aliens
admitted, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921 , by races or peoples 34
Table VII-a. — Sex, age, and length, of residence in the United States of emi-
grant aliens depxrted, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by races or peoples. . 37
Table VII-b. — Conjugal condition of immigrant aliens admitted, fiscal year
ended June 30, 1921", by races or peoples 38
Table VII-c. — Conjugal condition of emigrant aliens departed, fiscal year
ended June 30, 1921, by races or peoples 40
Table VII-d. — Sex, age, and length of residence in the United States of natural-
ized citizens departed, fiscal year ended June .30, 1921, by races or peoples. . 42
Table VII-e.— Sex. age, and length of residence in the United States of native-
born citizens departed, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by races or peoples. . 43
Table VIII. — Immigrant aliens admitted, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by
countries of last permanent residence and races or peoples 44
Table VIII-a. — Emigrant aliens departed, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by
countries of intended f Jture residence and races or peoples 48
Table VIII-b. — Naturalized citizens departed, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921,
by countries of intended future residence and races or peoples 52
23
24 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF I M. MIGRATION".
Page.
Table VIII-c. — Native-born citizens departed, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921,
by countries of intended future residence and races or peoples 56
Table IX. — Immigrant aliens admitted, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by
States of intended future residence and races or peoples 57
Table IX-a. — Emigrant aliens departed, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by
States of last permanent residence and races or peoples 60
Table IX-b. — Naturalized citizens departed, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921,
by States of last permanent residence and races or peoples 63
Table IX-c. — Native-born citizens departed, fiscal year ended June 30. 1921,
by States of last permanent residence and races or peoples 66
Table X. — Immigrant aliens admitted, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by
occupations and races or peoples 67
Table X-a. — Emigrant aliens departed, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by
occupations and races or peoples 72
Table X-b. — Naturalized citizens departed, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by
occupations and races or peoples 76
Table X-c. — Native-born citizens departed, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by
occupations and races or peoples 80
Table XI. — Immigrant aliens admitted, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by
States of intended future residence and occupations 82
Table XI-a. — Emigrant aliens departed, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by
States of last permanent residence and occupations 88
Table XI-b. — Immigrant aliens admitted during fiscal year ended June 30,
1921, by States of intended future residence and ports of entry 94
Table XII. — Immigrant aliens admitted during specified periods, Jan. 1, 1920,
to June 30, 1921, by races or peoples and sex 98
Table XII-a. — Emigrant aliens departed during specified periods, Jan. 1,
1920, to June 30, 1921, by races or peoples and sex 99
Table XIII. — Sex, age, literacy, financial condition, etc.. of nonimmigrant
aliens admitted, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by races or peoples 100
Table XIII-a. — Sex, age, and length of residence in United States 6f non-
emigrant aliens departed, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by races or peoples 103
Table XIV. — Immigrant aliens admitted, fiscal years ended June 30, 1899 to
1921, by races or peoples 104
Table XIV-a. — Immigrant aliens admitted, fiscal years ended June 30, 1899
to 192] , by countries 106
Table XIV-b. — Emigrant aliens departed, fiscal years ended June 30, 1908 to
1921, l)y races or peoples 108
Table XIV-c. — Emigrant aliens departed, fiscal years ended June 30, 1908 to
1921, bv countries 110
Table XV.— Total immigration each year, 1820 to 1921 112
Table XV-a. — Net increase of population by arrival and departure of aUens,
fiscal years ended June 30, 1908 to 1921 112
Table XVI. — Aliens debarred from entering the United States, fiscal year
ended June 30, 1921, by races or peoples and causes 113
Table XVI-a.— Aliens debarred, and aliens deported after entering, 1892
to 1921, by causes 117
Table XVI-b. — Permanent residents of contiguous foreign territory appljdng
for temporary sojourn in the United States refused admisfdon, fiscal year
ended June 30, 1921, by causes 119
Table XVII. — Aliens deported to countries whence they came, after enter-
ing the United States, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by races or peoples
and causes 120
Table XVIII. — Appeals from decisions under immigration law, applications for
hospital treatment, and applications for transit, fiscal year ended June 30,
1921, by causes :■--.-•• 124
Table XVIII-a. — Appeals from decisions under immigration law, applications
for hospital treatment, and applications for transit, fiscal year ended June
30, 1921, by ports 125
Table X ! X. — Deserting alien seamen, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by ports. 126
Table XX. — Alien stowaways found on board vessels arriving at ports of the
United States, fiscal year ended June 30, 1 921, by ports 126
Table XXI. — Comparison between alien arrivals and head-tax settlements,
fiscal year ended June 30, 1921 127
Table XXII.— Aliens admitted in continental United States from insular
United States, 1908 to 1921, inclusive, by ports 128
EEPORT OF C'O-MMISSIONEK GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 25
rage.
Table XXI I-a. — Imniitrnmt aliens admitted in continental Taiited States
from insular Ignited Sta1(>s ajid in insular United States from other insulars
and from mainland U'ontiiuMital United Statea\ by ports, liscal vear ended
June 30, liVJl 129
Table XXll-n. — Xonimmi.^rant aliens admitted in continental United States
from insular United States and in insular United States from other insulars
and from mainland (continental United States"), by ports, fiscal year ended
June 30. 1021 129
Table XXI II. — Aliens certified by surgeons as physically or mentally defec-
tive, liscal year ended June 30, 1921, showing sex, age, class of defect, and
disposition, l)y diseases or defects 130
Table XXI II -a". — Aliens certified by surgeons as physically or mentally de-
fecti^"e. fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, showing races or peoples, by diseases
or defects 132
Table XXIII-b. — Aliens certified by surgeons as physically or mentally de-
fective, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, showing organ or portion of body
affected, by diseases or defects 136
Table XXIV. — Aliens granted hospital treatment under sections 18 and 22 of
the immigration law, fiscal year ended June 30,1921. by races 140
Table XXIV-a. — Aliens granted hospital treatment under sections 18 and 22
of the immigration law, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921. by races 141
B.— JAPANESE IMMIGRATION AND EMIGRATION (TABLES
A TO F).
Table A. — Japanese aliens applied for admission, admitted, debarred, deported,
and departed, fiscal years ended June 30, 1920 and 1921 142
Table B. — Increase or' decrease of Japanese population by alien arrivals and
departures, fiscal years ended June 30, 1920 and 1921, by months 142
Table C. — Occupations of Japanese aliens admitted and departed, fiscal year
ended June 30, 1921 143
Table D. — Statistics of immigration and emigration of Japanese, collected by
the United States Government, compared with those reported b\ the Japanese
Government, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921 143
Table E. — Japanese alien arrivals in continental United States, fiscal year ended
June 30. 1921, showing various details bearing on the Japanese agreement. . . ' 144
Table F. — Japanese alien arrivals in Hawaii, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921,
showing various details bearing on the Japanese agreement 148
C— CHINESE IMMIGRATION AND EMIGRATION (TABLES
1 TO 8).
Table 1. — Summarv of Chinese seeking admission to the United States, fiscal
years ended June 30, 1916 to 1921, by classes . 150
Table 2. — Chinese seeking admission to the United States, fiscal year ended
June 30, 1921, by classes and ports 151
Table 3. — Chinese claiming American citizenship by birth, or to be the wives
or children of American citizens, admitted, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921;
by ports 153
Table 4. — Appeals to department from excluding decisions under Chinese-
exclusion laws, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by ports 153
Table 5. — Dispo.sition of cases of resident Chinese applying for return certifi-
cates, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921 153
Table 6. — Action taken in the cases of Chinese persons arrested on the charge
of Vieins: in the United States in violation of law, fiscal year ended June 30,
1921 . . ■; 154
Table 7. — Chinese arrested and deported, fiscal years ended June 30, 1917, to
1921, by judicial districts " 155
Table 8. — Miscellaneous Chinese transactions, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921,
by ports 156
26
EEPOET OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
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28
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
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30
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table IV. — Net increase or decrease of population by arrival and departure of aliens,
fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by races or people&._
Admitted.
Departed.
Increase
(+) or
decreapo
Race or people.
Immi-
grant.
Nonim-
migrant.
Total.
Emi-
grant.
Nonemi-
grant.
Total.
African (black)
9,873
10,212
1,743
7,700
4,017
11,035
1,523
930
12,813
353
54,627
4,233
24, 122
24, 168
31,828
119,036
39,056
27,459
195, 037
7,531
61
829
9,377
29,603
13
21,146
18,856
5,925
2,887
958
25,812
24,649
35,047
27,448
3,325
5,105
353
1,748
1,553
3,237
5,112
360
145
995
18,974
246
7,605
50
4,064
108
30,655
343
7,203
3,333
1,407
2,190
5,045
2,656
19,620
6,743
^ 24
31
351
17. 191
13
4,616
764
721
494
157
9,565
6, 579
822
7,035
4,048
723
30
644
1,884
429
14,985
10,572
8,695
22,991
11,281
9,128
980
16, 877
461
85,282
4,576
31,325
27,501
33,235
121,226
44,101
30,115
214,657
14,274
85
860
9,728
46,794
26
25,762
19,620
6,646
3,381
\,m
35,377
31,228
35,869
34,483
7, 373
5,828
383
2,392
3,397
3,666
1,807
605
564
9,940
5,253
3,306
1,059
909
2,405
137
11,622
2,480
3,836
6,770
13,470
483
2,535
11,447
37,032
4,352
33
4,507
12,457
■ 5,519
42,207
5,144
8,603
11,085
465
6,944
2,027
17,625
4,961
1,536
1,599
713
167
656
1,457
3,122
168
136
1,104
19,455
165
8,639
215
5,264
71
38,686
1,477
6,855
3,577
2,001
1,227
3,786
4,659
11,035
11,193
62
278
773
2,383
40
2,594
2,026
975
1,318
18
11,605
4,571
1,441
18,532
5,157
654
129
339
1,986
597
4,929
773
700
11,044
24,708
3,471
9,698
1,124
'208
50,308
3,957
10,691
10,347
15,471
1,710
6,321
16, 106
48,067
15,545
95
4,785
13,230
7,902
41
44,801
7; 170
9,578
12,403
483
18,549
6,598.
19,066
23,493
6,693
2,253
842
506
2,642
2,054
+ 10,056
+ 9,799
+ 1 188
Armenian
Bohemian and Moravian
(Czecli)
Bulgarian, Serbian, and Monte-
negrin
— 2, 349
Chinese .
- 1,717
+ 7,810
— 670
Croatian and Slovenian
Cuban
Dalmatian, Bosnian, and
Herzegovinian
— 144
+ 9,208
English
+ 34,974
French
+ 20,634
+ 17,154
Greek
Hebrew . ...
+ 17,764
+ 120,516
+ 37,780
+ 14,009
+ 166,590
1 271
Irish
Italian (north)
Japanese
10
- 3,925
- 3; 502
Magyar
Pacific Islander -
15
Polish..
19 039
+ 12)450
- 2; 932
Rumanian
Ruthenian (Russniak)
+ 632
Scandina\'ian (Norwegians,
+ 16,828
+ 24,630
+ 16,803
+ 10,990
+ '680
+ 3,575
459
Scotch
Slovak
Spanish American..
Welsh
West Indian (except Cuban). . .
Other peoples
+ '755
+ 612
Total
805,228
10,652
172,935
7,129
978, 163
17,781
247,718
1,724
178,313
14,4.55
426,031 1 +552,132
16 179 ' -'- i '^'^'
Admitted in and departed from
Philippine Islands .
'
REPORT OF CO-AI-MISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 31
Table V. — InU^nded future permanent residence of aliens admitted and last permanent
residence of aliens departed, fiscal year ended June SO, 1921, by States and Territories.^
state or Territory,
Imniigrant
aliens.
Non-
immigrant
aliens.
Departed.
Emigrant
aliens.
Non-
emigrant
aliens.
Alabama.
.\lasUa...
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia.
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
lova
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts.
Michigan
Miimesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New .Tersey
New Jilexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma ,
Oregon ,
Pennsylvania
l^hilippine Islands
Torto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
T.xas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Virgin Islands
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Outside United States.
Total.
78
50
1,098
32
5,732
286
1,839
122
264
2,600
94
1,761
93
417
468
158
44
446
486
294
5,169
2,454
912
51
391
223
267
94
290
3,317
209
18,048
41
99
2,859
118
472
5,485
29
638
741
26
103
56
13,430
218
127
261
14
1,598
502
653
75
93,234
172
185
1,236
65
13,272
650
7,754
387
401
2,266
127
1,434
197
17,652
2,630
95
670
563
1,143
15,753
12,771
2,792
62
1,695
724
637
13,269
153
72,626
64
34,171
3
• 536
2,650
52
186
87
3,677
583
220
318
9
3,530
2,029
4,052
292
172,935
16
39
53
16
4,668
141
705
31
133
631
52
3,866
128
3,159
259
456
91
22
162
79
183
2,990
1,666
1,005
15
381
229
204
50
93
1,231
25
10, 398
12
112
1,511
33
845
2,402
2
417
503
18
2,321
64
419
135,';
' For permanent residences of aliens arriving in and departing from the Philippine Islands i
IX, IX-A, XIV, and XIV-a.
32 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table VI. — Occupations of aliens admitted and departed, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921.^
Admitted.
Departed.
Occupations.
Immigrant
aUens.
Non-
immigrant
aliens.
Emigrant
aliens.
Non-
emigrant
aliens.
PROFESSIONAL.
Actors
1
687
268
1,204
95
1,427
1,533
181
490
959
732
597
365
3,172
2,882
830
223
1,209
197
273
1,984
091
554
584
1,668
872
227
1,2:?S
1,678
208
57
578
44
136
229
57
141
218
230
198
113
414
799
630
Clerev
1 228
Editors
Electricians
'l52
180
1,279
Literary and scientific persons
567
Musicians
349
Officials (fJovernraent)
Physicians
1,093
189
Teachers
Other professional .
1,028
1 479
Total
14,592
12,234
3,422
SKILLED.
Bakers
Barbers and hairdressers . .
2,862
3,439
2,477
155
11
1,895
341
9, 257
36
329
84
17,815
9,404
2,555
305
804
340
1,451
321
488
13; 221
5,957
4,814
549
289
751
5,448
1,746
73
419
163
502
812
133
4,589
9,280
897
432
12,427
98
303
330
31
150
474
2,009
19
168
8,145
509
461
427
20
13
308
44
1,866
532
439
343
13
22
391
155
1,666
1
49(i
15
2,264
347
366
25
252
8
185
69
10
1,345
621
366
771
80
35
42
4,145
350
16
47
50
75
87
10
918
146
84
960
17
808
24
2
18
37
475
4
36
2,195
305
190
Blacksmiths
ISO
27
Brewers
Butchers .
16
192
06
Carpenters and joiners
1,495
Cigarette makers
914
62
5,465
611
1,239
33
283
23
345
105
18
1,059
4,025
790
1,180
110
42
104
1,082
394
28
97
41
97
163
23
287
906
493
73
840
20
51
45
54
17
60
400
3
27
2,886
469
Cigar packers. ..
8
4,771
381
Engineers <locomotive, marine, and stationary)
1,417
21
Gardeners
Hat and cap makers .
188
If.
156
84
Locksmiths
1
952
2,053
Masons ... «
289
728
78
Millers.. . .
15
Milliners
71
1,118
Painters and sjlai^iers
282
Pattern makers
10
53
Plasterers
44
I'lum bers . . .
78
111
Saddlers and harness makers
7
Seamstresses
130
343
Stokers
192
Stonecutters
54
454
Taimers and curriers .
10
108
26
11
Upholsterers
12
20
373
Wheelwrights "
3
Woodworkers (not specified)
23
Other skilled
1,789
Total
131,774
28,043
21,451
19,491
1 For occupations of aliens arriving and departing from Philippine Islands
see Tables X and X-a.
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
33
Table VI. — Occupations of aliens admitted and departed, fiscal year ended June SO,
1921— Continued.
Admitted.
Departed.
Occupations.
Immigrant
aliens.
Non-
immigiant
aliens.
Emigrant
aliens.
Non-
emigrant
aliens.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Agents
1,107
167
881
32,400
22,282
1,491
275
100,564
354
14,803
102,478
20,859
1,405
825
164
5,850
5,067
239
197
30,646
947
21, 173
8, .399
10, 532
419
127
44
2,073
10,505
159
124
135,207
132
4,415
5,512
6,397
1,325
700
88
1,991
4,543
205
161
46,902
840
20,907
0,445
11,618
Total
357,721
85,504
105,114
95,875
No occupation (including women and children)
301,141
47, 154
57,731
53,212
Grand total
805,228
172,935
247,718
178 313
70112—21-
34 EEPORT OF COMMISSIOZSTER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
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o.
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o
§
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i
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 37
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< r~ CO c-i o r
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38
REPOET OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table VII-b. ^Conjugal condition of immigrant aliens
[Abbreviations: S., single; M., married;
Race or people.
Males.
Under
16 years
(total). 1
16 to 44 years.
45 years and over.
W. D. Total
African (black)
Armenian
Bohemian and Mora-
vian (Czech)
Bulgarian, Serbian,
and Montenegrin...
Chinese
Croatian and Slove-
nian
Cuban
Dalmatian, Bosnian,
and Herzegovinian .
Dutch and Flemish . .
East Indian
English
Finnish
French
German
Greek
Hebrew
Irish
Italian (north)
ItaUan(south)
Japanese
Korean
Lithuanian
Mexican ,
Pacific Islander
Polish
Portuguese
Rumanian
Russian
Ruthenian (Russ-
niak)
Scandinavian (Nor-
wegians, Danes,
and Swedes)
Scotch
Slovak
Spanish ,
Spanish American....
Syrian ,
Turkish
Welsh
West Indian (except
Cuban)
Other peoples
Total.
1,063
152
78
1,544
4
5,018
327
2,063
2,431
2,277
17,616
1,671
1,714
15, 523
814
3
120
1,243
3,492
2,660
1,044
740
348
122
1,322
2,242
3,531
1,059
314
785
2,981
2,500
550
271
2,892
259
11,330
849
6,174
5, 563
9,117
21,847
12,304
56,' 982
1,026
7
102
7,' 056
8
3,065
6,643
1, 255
715
121
1,186
1,232
911
115
2,107
70
7,918
330
2,874
2,407
7,810
8,382
2,352
5,483
45,506
952
974
5,510
1,232
5,236
818
420
11,288
2,084
5,448
3,239
6,275
4,503
12,753
1,513
'256
1,401
458
169
57
441
272
377
101
1,313
668
4,183
3,635
2,920
2,720
3,313
644
5,030
331
19, 408
1,183
9,170
8,008
16, 991
30, 359
14,745
16, 172
102, 827
1,985
15
172
2,257
12,788
8
4,329
11,917
2,085
1,146
218
13,416
8,753
10, 818
21,314
1,776
'228
718
17
481
4
2,420
75
1.071
910
2,052
4,039
734
732
7,199
315
3
33
35
565
124
1,091
20
72
11
97
4
10
19
85
5
24
14
116
2,758
27,254
279
233
181
76
19
>638
4
3,228
113
1,494
1,180
2,283
4,735
1,179
900
8,178
348
4
1,425
677
1,279
100
130
16
119
34
139
1 None divorced; 1 widowed, Polish; and 83 married, as follows: Italian (south), 23; Hebrew, 12;
Greek and Scotch, 6 each; Croatian, 5; English and Mexican, 4 each; German, Irish, and Slovak, 3 each;
Italian (north), Lithuanian, and Spanish, 2 each: and African (black), Bulgarian, Finnish, French,
Polish. Portuguese, Syrian, and West Indian, 1 each.
REPOET OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
39
admitted, fiscal year ended June SO, 1921, by races or peoples.
W., widowed; D., divorced. |
Females.
Single females.
Under
16yearb
16 to 44 years.
45 years and over.
16 to
21
22 to
29
30 to
37
38 to
44
(total)'
S.
M.
\V.
D.
Total.
S.
M.
W.
D.
Total.
years.
years.
years.
years.
746
2,655
971
137
2
3,765
64
114
117
1
296
1,264
1,040
274
77
1,021
1,775
1,554
388
3,717
6
195
287
488
1,181
527
62
5
141
581
173
21
1
776
10
44
39
93
311
202
53
15
717
1,660
1,074
108
2,812
4
130
82
216
894
677
78
11
64
69
553
2
624
3
20
2
25
41
22
5
1
1,145
2,763
1,963
184
3
4,913
7
199
114
....
320
1,502
1,110
138
13
187
125
114
12
2
253
13
31
26 ....
70
66 I 37
14
8
75
191
138
5
331
5
13
18
36
70
93
27
1
1,413
1,366
2,142
56
'ii
3,578
60
375
169
"e"
610
527
564
210
65
5,174
6
8,605
7
8,163
13
17,378
2
3.013
2
3,321
1
1,559
1
■ "595"
'is'
■■662"
■2,'i.57'
■i,'596'
"&
'4,"42i'
712
377
1,542
452
39
2,033
26
106
200 1 '813
542
149
38
2,022
4,522
2,881
242
'34'
7,679
279
831
581
"3
1,694 1,774 : 1,750
704
294
2,414
4,965
2.9.53
337
29
8,284
173
850
803 1 25
1,851
2,180 ! 1,993
621
171
1,604
4,961
2,704
134
1
7,800
13
416
444 |....
873
2,584
2,088
259
30
17,059
24,596
15,210
1,0.52
52
40,910
145
5,093
3,107 12
8,. 357
16,046
7,730
725
95
1,879
15,626
2,159
226
9
18,020
3.59
560
642 ! 1
1,562
7,770
6,058
1,410
388
1,450
3,051
2,S59
169
2
6,681
22
282
237 , 1
542
1,514
1,737
332
68
14,242
24,463
21,864
969
7
47,303
155
3,523
3,285 1
6,964
13,259
9,423
1,521
260
413
310
3,471
12
3,793
3
155
20
178
261
32
10
7
3
103
3
199
32
137
......
35
340
......
1
24
49
"'iii'
2
70
1
9
......
3
1,250
2,015
1,571
261
'19'
3,866
21
246
209
"3
479
1,193
648
138
36
3,661
4
2,671
2,505
1
6,924
3,967
778
1
7,251
10, 123
97
402
645
1
1,145
1,351
1
4,151
784
263
107
■3'6i2"
■■i82'
■■5'
■■"si'
'"497"
■■'sii'
....
""876'
"2,'582'
■■"ies"
■■■■23
1,114
1,774
1,985
82
5
3,846
22
207
188
417
1,202
449
100
23
666
928
948
90
1
1,967
4
160
96
....
260
576
303
44
5
351
333
409
27
3
772
13
84
41
208
100
19
6
147
254
166
9
....
429
1
9
13
23
191
58
5
1,330
5,701
1,888
120
15
7,724
239
435
389
5
•
1,068
2,335
2,128
916
322
2,251
4,940
3,022
245
9
8,216
320
780
660
2
1,762
1,677
2,003
944
316
3, .569
10,414
4,332
465
18
15,229
54
571
593
5
1,223
6,. 591
3,284
453
86
794
1,250
1,437
59
1
2,747
16
160
79
255
544
528
140
38
282
437
249
40
4
730
17
48
58
123
165
182
61
29
642
744
615
87
1
1,447
5
93
135
233
510
211
21
2
15
21
29
1
1
52
6
4
10
10
9
1
1
143
234
232
9
1
476
■■■2i'
48
49
118
85
93
42
14
J84
420
189
18
627
11
47
20
78
193
151
61
15
192
179
362
28
.;;!
569
3
58
37
98
122
48
7
2
71,516
143,708
95,987
7,193
255
247,143
2,885
18,970
15,218
"tT
37,147
76,294
52,581
11,545
3,288
' None divorced: 5 widoived, as follows: Italian (south), 2; and French, Slovak, and Syrian, 1 each;
and 92 married, as follo.vs: Hebrew, 20; Italian (south), and MeKican, 10 each; English and Polish, 6 each;
French and Japanese, 5 each: Magj'ar, Scotch, and Syrian, 3 each: African (black), Armenian, Bulgarian,
German, Greek, Irish, Rumanian, and Russian, 2 each; and Chinese, Dutch, Scandinavian, Spanish
.American, and other peoples, 1 each.
40
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table VII-c. — Conjugal condition of emigrant aliens
[Abbreviations: S., single; M., married;
Males.
Race or people.
Under
16 years
(total).
16 to 44 years.
' 45 years and over.
S.
M.
W.
D.
Total.
S.
M.
W.
D. 1 Total.
African (black)
113
1
16
124
27
44
86
13
129
1
520
40
150
133
159
17
64
218
745
25
1
55
208
656
456
204
80
1,516
828
602
317
180
407
45
1,683
559
706
1,271
4,003
81
407
3,560
9,646
1,005
11
916
780
1,396
3, 157
1,334
892
2,662
78
1,934
287
1.042
2,011
072
416
225
27
114
328
446
278
161
4,903
831
1,438
243
316
532
29
'722
595
1,.509
4,880
125
266
3,551
12,022
1,272
10
1,631
4,448
867
4
1
8
36
1
22
3
3
11
1
906
483
249
6,455
1,660
2,063
563
499
951
74
3,661
1,289
1,309
2,801
8,894
208
683
7,211
22,859
' 21
2,563
5,271
2,309
1
23,333
2,964
4,230
8,405
311
2,966
9,176
3,602
8.59
971
606
63
204
766
7
12
9
96
543
47
4
18
72
27
364
75
165
232
291
7
105
260
554
107
•-96-
180
70
101
97
95
1,950
2,877
753
63
169
304
33
1,111
227
392
800
3,055
103
132
1,571
6,145
831
7
779
2,927
312
2
2
6
1
20
4
5
18
1
97
2
35
61
7
8
17
93
245
3
1
"2
1
1
1
"i'
no
111
110
2,095
3,425
820
71
192
394
61
1,574
305
593
1,094
3,353
118
254
1,925
6,944
944
7
892
3,183
4.56
Bohemian and Mora-
vian (Czech)
Bulgarian, Serbian,
and Montenegrin. . .
Chinese
Croatian and Sloven-
ian
Cuban
Dalmatian, Bosnian,
and Herzegovinian.
Dutch and Flemish..
English
Finnish
36
8
8
21
11
9
99
291
3
4
....
1
German
Greek
Hebrew
Irish .
Italian (north)
Italian (south)
Japanese
Lithuanian. .. .
16
43
46
17
75
74
""i"
Magyar
Pacific Islander.. .
Polish
718
123
170
103
1
115
75
250
'S
26
3
6
20,029
1,609
3.316
5,722
226
1,020
295
7,438
1,576
182
547
380
36
90
437
i47
21
21
20
7
12
;i
5
8
1
1
....
422
56
124
141
6
325
82
163
113
10
19
8
6
6
17
8,343
523
1,982
1,253
101
384
176
4,445
452
53
279
73
17
36
113 1
125
17
26
26
2
37
26
"?,'
8,890
596
2,132
1,420
109
746
286
4,694
577
67
305
81
26
42
134
Rumanian. .
Russian
Ruthenian (Russ-
niak)
Scandinavian (Nor-
wegians, Danes,
and Swedes)
Scotch
Slovak
12 '.'.'.'.
4 ....
7 ....
Spanish..
Spanish American....
Welsh
3 ....
West Indian (except
Other peoples
1
4 ....
Total
5,690
46,439
86,816
1,042
11
134,308
4,839
43,067 1
1,220 , 10
49, 136
' None wido ved or divorced; 45 married, as follows" Polish, 7; Bulgarian and Magyar, 6 each; Mexican,
5; Italian (siath), Spamsh, and other people, 3 each: Croatian, Rumanian, and Slovak, 2 each: and Dutch,
Greek, Italian (north), Russian, Scandinavian, and Spanish American, 1 each.
REPORT OF COINtiMlSSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
41
departed, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by races or peoples.
W., widowed; D., divorced.]
Females.
Single females.
j Under
16 to 44 years.
45 years and over.
16 to
21
22 to
29
30 to
37
38 to
44
(total).*
S.
M.
W.
D.
Total.
S.
M.
W.
D.
Total.
years.
years.
years.
years.
80
130
375
9
2
516
16
48
18
82
37
53
26
14
21
1
34
97
8
134
3
2
25
2
. 34
7
1
17
3
6
6
4
90
91
8.56
16
963
12
180
21
213
26
36
21
8
10
29
15
29
87
253
1
5
103
287
8
27
48
28
63
3
6
11
'
2
..
•
W
59
141
1
3 ] 204
4
48
19
....| 71
24
25
8
2
9
39
96
4
...J 139
6
47
4
57
4
16
14
5
112
121
462
1
2,091
8
591
1
3,772
26
181
21
228
33
33
38
17
588
1,605
73
3
383
-875
247
2
1,507
218
589
511
287
35
231
481
7
719
30
54
8
92
9
121
75
26
148
570
627
.30
2
1,229
89
258
59
1
407
114
211
153
92
173
599
1,303
22
1
1,925
143
414
87
644
66
245
182
106
77
116
693
5
814
7
156
10
173
48
46
14
8
20
37
59
3
99
3
15
3
21
10
16
6
5
49
923
299
7
1,229
132
97
27
256
34
483
301
105
175
214
1305
37
1
1,557
28
292
41
361
52
94
46
22
636
579
3,929
88
1
4,597
66
1,009
174
2
1,251
184
248
97
50
23
55
856
3
914
4
162
166
31
11
8
5
2
44
50"
801
1
a54
■■■"s"
1
1
3
3
7
22
13
8
253
312
2,419
54
....t 2,785
32
571
64
667
55
142
90
25
581
343
827
75
1 1,246
23
134
114
271
197
92
35
19
611
461
7,187
69
1 ! 7,718
38
824
75
937
88
222
107
44
136
320
788
33
.... 1,141
19
138
27
184
109
144
32
35
138
127
1,408
28
.... 1,563
14
316
39
1
370
33
34
46
14
89
103
867
5
1 976
8
74
10
....! 92
25
49
24
5
1
117
2
1,319
33
1,185
1
.32
36
199
206
7
463
1
91
1
1
2,537
58
590
411
227
83
356
332
17
2
707
80
164
43
287
32
117
125
82
261
342
2,271
52
2,665
29
469
80
1
579
45
197
69
31
124
112
H(K)
7
419
10
61
19
90
48
29
24
11
100
171
171
8
350
10
45
8
63
87
49
27
8
25
24
154
2
180
5
84
3
92
7
2
3
2
14
5
15
10
.26
15
42
""2
4
7
2
7
6
16
4
3
1
6
1
5
1
38
105
165
5
275
16
34
7
57
24
44
22
15
172
44
132
3
179
7
16
4
27
2
21
17
4
5,130
9,659
33,095
717
19
43,490
1,461
7,181
1,315
7
9,964
1,764
4,034
2,565
1,298
• None widowed or divorced; 19 married, as follows: English, 7; Italian (south), and Magyar, 3 each;
Mexican, 2; and French, Greek, Polish, and Slovak, 1 each.
42
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OE IMMIGRATION.
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Table VIII-c. — Native-born citizens departed, fiscal year ended June^SO, 1921, by coun-
tries of intended future residence and races or peoples.
Country of intended future residence.
African
(black).
Cau-
casian.
Chinese. 1 j^^^an. jTapanesc.
Total.
77
1,727
149
31
2,432
141
278
294
527
668
6,696
132
353
10,912
582
1,150
1,720
1,104
238
253
84
13
809
133
136
68
64
1
77
1 i
1,727
::::::::::i::::::::::
149
31
Czechoslovakia
2,432
141
Finland
278
France including Corsica
294
527
Greece
668
Italy including Sicily and Sardinia
1
6 696
132
353
Poland
10, 912
Portugal, including Cape Verde and Azores
Island"'
582
1,1.50
1,720
Serbs Croats and Slovenes Kingdom of
1,104
238
Spain, including Canary and Balearic
Sweden
1
263
84
13
United Kingdom:
3
812
Ireland
133
:::::::::::::;:::;::
136
Wales
68
Other Europe
64
Total Europe
30,771
3
30, 774
China .
1
1,917
614
436
197
1,080
2,998
Japan
737
1,351
India
1
437
Turkey in Asia
186
Other Asia
197
Total Asia
1
3,350
1,080
1| 737
5,169
Africa
48
136
29
20, 137
3,236
1,686
523
1,953
48
Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand
'
136
1
29
British North America
167
9
8
1
290
1
20,305
Central America
3,245
4
1,698
South America - .
2
1
526
West Indies
2,244
Grandtotal
476
61,869
1,083
'
745
64,174
EEPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
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REPOET OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL, OF IMMIGRATION.
Table X-c. — Native-horn citizens departed, fiscal year ended June SO, 1921, by occupa-
tions and races or peoples.
Occupation.
African
(black).
Cau-
casian.
Chinese.
East
Indian.
Japanese
Total.
PROFESSIONAL.
Actors
39
23
684
7
170
242
28
37
99
78
121
13
551
301
39
Architects
23
3
Editors
7
Electricians
170
Lawyers
28
Literary and scientific persons
37
7
106
Officials (Government)
78
Physicians . .
1
1
122
1
3
Teachers
552
Other professional..
1
305
Total
12
2,393
5
2,410
SKILLED.
1
5
1
28
74
49
29
3
343
29
Barbers and hairdressers . . .
1
80
50
3
32
3
5
348
Cigarette makers
Cigar makers.
17
6
1,297
19
457
1
10
5
179
11
547
126
41
353
59
10
12
169
100
11
9
18
78
43
2
8
30
59
20
32
2
10
9
I
3
02
19
.530
17
Cigar packers ...
6
10
10
1,317
19
Engineers (locomotive, marine, and sta-
457
Furriersand fur workers.
1
2
12
5
Iron and steel workers
2
181
1
12
Machinists
547
Mariners
126
3
4
44
357
Metal workers (other than iron, steel, and
tin)
59
Millers
10
Milliners*
12
169
100
Pattern makers
11
Photographers
9
18
78
Printers
43
Saddlers and harnessmakers..
2
1
9
36
Stokers
59
Stonecutters
20
2
2
36
Tanners and curriers . . .
2
Textile workers (not specified)
10
9
2
Upholsterers . .
2
Watch and clock makers
3
62
19
Other skilled.
2
98
630
36
4,900
117
5,053
MISCELL.\NEOUS.
Agents
4
393
49
48
975
4,015
12
35
1
398
49
Draymen, hackmen, and teamsters
Farm laborers. .
3
4
2
51
6
47
1
1
986
Farmers
4,064
13
Hotel keepers
35
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
81
Table X-c. — Native-born citizens departed, fiscal year ended June SO, 1921, by occupa-
tions and races or peoples — Continued.
Occupation.
African
(black).
Cau-
casian.
Chinese.
East
Indian.
Japanese.
Total.
MISCELLANEOUS— continued .
36
• 1,378
42
485
1
1,900
42
Merchants and dealers
53
22
423
85
2
511
512 34
2, 975 148
599
1
3,146
Total
125
10,857 807
5
11,794
Mo occupation (including women and
children)
303
43,719 154
1
740
44,917
Grand total
476
61,869 1 1.083
1
745
64,174
r0112— 21-
82
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REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 103
104 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table XIV .—Immigrant aliens admitted, fiscal years ended June 30, 1899^ to 1921,
races or peoples.
Race or people.
1899
1900 1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
African (black)
412
674
- 2,526
94
1,638
8,632
1,374
367
1,860
15
10,712
6; 097
2,278
26,632
2,395
37, 415
32,345
13,091
65,639
3,395
22
6,858
5,700
163
172
28,466
2,096
96
1,774
1,400
23, 249
1,752
15, 838
996
110
3,708
28
1,359
144
193
714
5P4
832
1,151
5,590
1,291
1,631
30,233
2,423
1,004
4,117
84
14,942
^4; 122
8^115
29; 001
27,620
1.52,915
14, 455
28
11,629
23,610
715
160
69,620
5,309
2,033
1,551
7,533
55,780
2,432
36,9.34
1,9.54
496
4,982
165
760
137
147
2,174
1,759
9,591
6.479
2,192
32,907
2,944
1,7.36
6,496
28,451
18,864
7,166
71, 782
14, 376
76,203
35,366
37,429
196.117
20,041
564
14, 432
27, 124
486
185
82,343
8, 433
4,740
3,608
9,843
79,347
6,219
34,427
'■Z
5,551
449
1,278
1,497
89
2,386
1,745
11,911
4,577
4,327
21,242
4,811
2.0.36
7,8:32
258
41, 479
10, 157
11,557
74,790
12.625
106,2.36
37,076
159; 32C
14,382
1,907
12, 780
23, 883
447
41
67, 757
6,338
4, .364
.3,961
9,592
61,029
11, 4&3
27,940
4,662
1,666
3,653
1,482
1,820
1,942
668
3,598
1,878
11, 757
5,S23
1,971
35, 104
7,2,59
2,6.39
8,498
145
50,865
17,012
11,347
82,360
12,144
129,910
54,266
39,930
186, 390
11,021
4,929
18,604
46,030
227
22
102,437
4,855
7,818
3,746
14, 473
62,284
16,144
52,367
5,590
1,658
4,822
2, 145
2 531
1,548
361
3,786
1,895
Armenian
982
3,060
204
1,250
17,184
2,678
675
1,855
3,766
611
2,452
17,928
1,622
732
Bohemian and Moravian (Czech) .
Bulgarian, Serbian, and Monte-
negrin
12,958
11.548
Chinese
1,485
Croatian and Slovenian
44,272
Cuban
,5,591
Dalmatian, Bosnian, and Herze-
4,568
Dutch and Flemish -.
2,702
3.299
9,7.35
Eastlndian
9 20
271
English
10, 897
12,612
2,095
29,682
3,773
13,488
9,999
4,036
34, 742
.=; 019
45,079
14, 136
French
10,379
German
86,813
Greek..
23,127
Hebrew
60,764i 58' 098
35,6071 30,404
17.316 22,103
84,346, 115,701
12,628 5,249
71| 47
10,3111 8,815
13,777 13,311
261 1 350
1881 167
46,938 43,617
4,24l| 4,176
398j 761
1,200 672
2,832 5,288
32,952 40,277
1,757: 2,004
29,243 29,343
1,111 1.202
1.53, 748
Irish
40,959
Italian (north)
46,286
Italian (south)
240,528
Japanese
14, 243
127
14, 257
Magvar
44,261
141
Pacific Islander
13
PoKsh. . . .
95,835
81729
Rumanian
11,425
Russian. .
5,814
Ruthenian (Russniak) . . .
16,2.57
Scandinavian (Norwegians,
58, 141
Scotch.; '
16,463
Slovak
38, 221
Spanish
5,3.32
Spanish American
97
276
1,585
Syrian . . .
2,920
184
762
78
73
4,064
136
674
82
35
5,824
Turkish
2 033
Welsh
2 367
West Indian (except Cuban)
1476
1,027
Total
311,715
448,572
487,918
648,743
857,046
812,870
1,026,499
1,100.7.35
Race or people.
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
African (black)....
5,235
2 644
■
4,626
3,299
10, 164
18,246
1,263
20,472
3,323
3,747
9,526
1,710
49,056
6,746
12,881
73 038
28, 808
03,387
36, 427
24,700
10, 547
13,720
24,378
5,682
4,307
3,108
6,850
6,214
1,841
20, 181
3,380
1,888
8,114
4,966
5,508
8,462
15,130
1,770
39,562
3,331
4,911
13,012
i;7S2
.53,498
15,736
21, 107
71, 380
39, 135
84,260
38, 382
30, 780
192,673
2,798
19
22, 714
27,302
17,760
6,721
3,092
9,223
10,222
1,.307
18,982
3,914
4,400
13,862
517
57, 258
9,779
18, 132
66, 471
37,021
91,223
40,246
.30,312
159,638
4,575
8
17,027
19,996
18,784
6,759
5,222
8,439
10,657
1,608
24,366
3,155
3,672
10,9:35
'165
49,689
6,641
18,382
65,343
31,566
80, .595
33,922
26,443
135, 830
6,172
33
14,078
23, 599
22,001
6,634
9,353
11,091
9,087
2,022
42, 499
3,099
4, ,520
14,507
188
55,522
12, 7.56
20,6.52
80, 865
38,644
101,330
37,023
42, ,534
231,613
24,647
30,610
10,954
8.447
Armenian.
7,785
Bohemian and Moravian
(Czech)
Bulgarian, Serbian, and
Montenegrin
Chinese
Croatian and Slovenian
Cuban
12,554
27, 174
770
47, 826
5,475
7,393
12, 467
1,072
51,126
14,860
9,392
9,928
1.5,084
2,354
37,284
3,539
Dalmatian, Bosnian,^ and
Herzegovinian
5,14f
12,56t
East Indian
'337
39,021;
11,687
m
English
Finnish . .
51,746
12,805
French
19, 423
58, .534
20,262
57, 551
31,185
18, 166
German
92,926
46,283
149, 182
38,706
51, 564
242, 497
79,871
Greek
45,881
138, 051
Irish
33 898
Italian (north)...
125, 150;
6.5,248'
3, 275!
1.5,254
28,704
15, 591 1
44.802
Italian (south)
251,612
Japanese
Korean
Lithuanian
Magyar
Mexican
30,824
39
25,884
60,071
91
8,941
152
21,584
44,538
13,089
lexican ai o,d».s io,o»ii 1/, /du lo, /i>-t
I Ahen arrivals previous to July 1, 1898, were nflt recorded by race or people
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
105
Table XIY .—Immigrant aliens admitted, fiscal years ended June 30, 1899 to 1921, hy
races or peoples — Continued .
Race or people.
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
Pacific Islander
,
2
7
61
12
3
11
1
Polish
138, 033
68, 105
77,565
128,348
71,446
85, 163
174,365
122,657
9,648
6, SOS
4,606
7,657
7,469
9.403
13,566
9,647
19,200
9,62S
8,041
14,199
5,311
8,329
13,451
24,070
Russian
16, 807
17,111
10,038
17, 29-1
18,721
22,558
51,472
44, 957
Ruthenian (Russniak)
24,081
12,361
15,808
27,907
17, 724
21,965
30,588
36,727
Scandinavian (Norwegians,
Danes, and Swedes^
53, 425
32, 789
34 996
52, 037
45, 859
31,601
38,737
36,053
20,516
42,041
9, 495
17,014
16,170
6,636
16,446
22,586
4,939
24,612
32,416
5, 837
25,625
21,415
8, 06S
■20,293
25,281
9,070
21,293
27, 234
9,042
18,997
Slovak
25,819
Spanish
11,064
Spanish American
1,060
1,063
890
90C
1, 153
1,342
1,363
1,.544
Syrian
. 5,880
1,902
5, 520
2, 327
3,668
820
6,317
1,283
5,444
918
5, 525
1,336
9,210
2,015
9, 023
Turkish
2,693
Welsh
2, 754
1,381
2,504
1,110
1,699
1,024
2,244
1,150
2,248
1,141
2, 239
1, 132
2,820
1,171
2,558
West Indian (except Cuban) .
1,396
Other peoples
2,058
1, 530
1,537
3,330
3,323
3,660
3,038
3,830
Total
1, 285, 349
782,870
751,786
1,041,570
878,587
838, 172
1,197,892
1,218,480
Race or people.
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
Total.
African (black)
5,660
932
1,651
3,506
2,469
1,942
3,402
305
6,675
82
38,062
3,472
12,636
20, 729
15, 187
26,497
23, 503
10,660
46,557
8,609
146
2,638
3,604
10,993
6
9, 065
4,376
1,200
4, 4.59
2,933
24,263
14,310
2,069
5,705
1,667
1,767
273
1,390
823
1,877
4,576
964
642
3,146
2,239
791
3,442
114
6,443
80
36, 168
5,649
19,518
11,555
26, 792
15, 108
20,636
4,905
33,909
8,711
154
599
981
17, 198
5
4,502
12,208
953
4,858
1,365
19, 172
13, 515
577
9,259
1,881
676
216
948
3,388
7,971
1,221
327
1,134
1,843
305
3,428
94
.5,393
32, 246
5,900
24,405
9,682
25,919
17,342
17,462
3,796
35, 154
8,925
194
3,109
3,711
19,596
13,350
244
15,019
2, 587
976
454
793
1,369
2,097
5,706
221
74
150
1,576
33
1,179
15
2,200
61
12,980
1,867
6,840
2*602
3,672
4,657
i;074
5,234
10, 168
149
135
32
17,602
17
■ 668
2,319
155
1, 513
49
8,741
5,204
35
7,909
2,231
210
24
278
732
314
5,823
282
105
205
1,697
23
1,169
4
2,735
68
26,889
968
12,598
1,837
813
3,055
7,910
1,236
2,137
10,056
77
160
52
28,844
732
1,574
89
1,532
103
8,261
10,364
85
4,224
3,092
231
18
608
1,223
247
" 8,174
2; 762
415
1,064
2,148
1,51c
63
12, 730
160
58, .366
1,510
27,390
7,338
13,998
14,292
20, 784
12,918
84, 882
9,279
72
422
252
51,042
17
2,519
15, 174
2,378
258
16,621
21,180
3,824
23, 594
3,934
3,047
140
1,462
1,546
1,345
9,873
10,212
i;743
7,700
4,017
11,035
1,523
930
12.813
'353
54,627
4,2.33
24,122
24, 168
31,828
119,036
39,056
27, 459
19.5,037
7,531
61
829
9,377
29,603
13
21, 146
18, 856
5,925
2,887
958
25,812
24,649
35,047
27, 448
3,325
5,105
353
1,748
1,553
3,237
109,974
Armenian
68,544
Bohemian and Moravian (Czech).. .
Bulgarian, Serbian, and Monte-
negrin
143,827
159,346
Chinese
45,870
Croatian and Slovenian . . .
473,396
Cuban
Dalmatian, Bosnian, and Herze-
73, .571
50,962
Dutch and Flemish
188,517
East Indian
7,701
English
Finnish
882,767
217,354
French
318,624
1, 124, 226
Greek
487, 213
Hebrew
Irish.......
1,684,643
718, 821
ItaKan (north)
ItaUan (south)
Japanese
Korean
Lithuanian
578,807
3,093,-536
239,998
8,900
257, 856
471,626
278,462
1,122
Magyar
Mexican ; :.".
Pacific Islander
Polish
1,444,436
177,683
143 607
Portuguese
Rumanian . .
242*622
Ruthenian (Russniak) . . .
261, 256
Scandinavian (Norwegians, Danes,
861,022
325,622
Slovak..
519 157
Spanish
Spamsh American
181^453
34, 898
98 123
Syrian
Turkish
Welsh
West Indian (except Cuban)
Other peoples
21^394
37, 879
24,603
37,394
Total
326,700!
298,826
295,403
-110,618
141, 132
430,001
805,228
16,096,712
106 RF^PORT OF COMMISSIONER GETs^ERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table XIV-a. — Immigrant aliens admitted, fiscal years ended June 30, 1899 to 1921,
by countries.^
Austria
Hungary
Belpium
Bulgaria
Denmark
France, including Corsica
Germany
Greece
Italy, includuig Sicily and Sar-
dinia
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal, including Cape Verde
and Azores Islands
Rumania
Russia
Spain, includingC'anary and Bale-
aric Islands
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey in Europe
United Kingdom:
England ,
Ireland
Scotland
Wales
Other Europe
Total Europe
China
Japan
India
Turkey in Asia
Other Asia
Total Asia ,
Africa
Australia, Tasmania, and New
Zealand
I'acific Islands (not specified) —
British North America ,
Central America ,
Mexico ,
South America ,
West Indies
Other countries
G rand total
62,491 114,847
1,101 1,196
52 108
2,690 2,926
1,694 1,739
17,476, 18,507
2,333 3,771
113,390] 171,989 206,011
2, 577
851
1.579:
6571
3,655
3,1.50!
21,651
5,910!
3,117
28,304
8,104'
3,4.50
1,761
7, 158
5,578
40,086
14,090
,156i{
177
3,976
1,325
8,5251
9,406i
46,380
11,343
111,990
163,703'
5,302i
2,043
8,970
10, 168
40,574
10,515
77,419
1,029
6,705
2,054
1,606
385
12,797
1,326
45, 123
1,660
2,844
17
4,436
15
8,972
2,585
217
100,135 135,996 178,375' 230,622] 193,296: 221,479
1,735 2,319| 2.284 3,9981 4,916 4,954
9,575 12,248: 17; 481 24,461 23,808, 25,064
4,234
6,459
90,787
4,165| 5,307
7, 1551 7, 196
85,257 107,347
355 5921 975
18,650 23,331 30,894
1,152 2,201 2,344
285 387 187
13,575
29, 138
2,560
763
37
9,951
12,214
35 730
30,561
1,792
2,070
764
701
21
18
9,317
9; 310
136,093
2,080
46,028
3,983
1,529
26,219
35,310
6,143
1,275
5
6,715! 5,
7,087; 4,437,
145,141 184,897j
111,598
153,540
5,099
4,666
7,741
37^564
19,489
273,120
4,946
21,730
8,517
4,476
215,665
27,763
5,023:
4,.344i
38,626'
36,1421
11,092
1,730|
143'
2,600 1,921
26, .591 23,310
4,269j 3,846
4,542' 9,510
64,709
52,945
16,977
2,503
13
49,491
34,995
15,866
1,841
. 48
424,700 469,237 619,008 814,507: 767,9.33
l,247i 2,459]
12,635| 5,269;
9; 22:
3,962! 5,782:
93 61
14,270
6,223
17.946i 13.593] 22,271
2,209;
19,968
94
7,118
577
4,309
14,264:
261;
5.235
2; 1171
2,166,
10,3311
190:
6,157;
5, 081 I
1,.554
13,835
216
6,354
351
26,186' 23,925; 22.300
214
214
396
42
237
124
4,656
13
448,572
325'
1731
540
150|
347
384
182
636
305
709
337
,711
487,918 648,743 857,046
1,461
94
2,837
714
1,009
1,667
10,193
90
812,870
,091
75,
, 168'
,195;
,637
,576
,6411
161
712
1,682
51
5,063
1,140
1,997
2,757
13,656
33,012
,499 1,100,735
Countries.
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
144,992
193,460
6,390
11,3.59
7,243
9,731
37,807
36,580
285,731
6,637
22, 133
9,608
4,384
258,943
5,784
20,589
3,748
20,767
56,637
34,530
19,740
2,600
107
82,983
85, .526
4,162
10,827
4,954
8,788
32,309
21,489
128, .503
5,946
12,412
7,307
5,228
1.56,711
12; 809
3,281
11,290
47,031
30,556
13,. 506
2,287
97
80,953
89,338
3.692
1,054
4,395
6,672
25,540
14,111
183,218
4,098
13,627
4,956
1,590
120,460
2,616
14,474
2.694
9,015
32,809
25,033
12,400
1.584
46
135,793
122,944
5,402
4 737
6,984
7,383
31,283
25,888
215,537
7,534
17, ,538
8,229
2,145
188,792
3,472
23,745
3,533
18,405
46,706
29,855
20,115
2,120
82,129
76,928
5,711
4,695
7,5.55
8,022
32,061
26,226
182,882
8,358
13,950
8.374
2,522
15.8,721
5,074
20,780
3, 458
14,438
52,426
29,112
18.796
2,162
377
85,854
93,028
4,169
4,447
6,191
8,628
27,788
21,449
157,134
6,619
8,675
10,230
1,997
162,395
6,327
12,688
3,505
14,481
40,408
25,879
14,578
2,162
243
137,245
117,580
7,405
1,753
6,478
9,675
34,329
22,817
265,542
6,902
8,587
14,171
2,155
291,040
6,167
17,202
4,104
14,128
43,363
27,876
14,220
2,745
371
131,831
143,321
Belgium
5,763
6,' 262
France, including Corsica
9,296
35,734
35,832
Italy, includuig Sicily and
283,738
Netherlands
6,321
Nor IV av
8,329
Portugal, including Cape
Verde and Azores Islands..
Rumania
10,898
4,032
255,660
Spain, including Canary and
7,, 591
14,800
Switzerland
Turkey in Europe
United Kingdom-
England
Ireland
Scotland
Wales
Other Europe
4,211
8,199
35;864
24,688
10,682
2,183
967
Total Europe
1,199,. 566
691.901
654,875
926,291
764.7.57
718,875
1,0.55,8.55
1,0,58,391
See footnote Table in.
REPOET OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
107
Table XIV-a. — Immigrant aliens admitted, fiscal years ended June 30, 1899 to 1921,
hv countries — Continued.
China
Japan
India
Turkey in Asia.
Other .Vsia
Total -Vsia.
8,053
3S6
.Africa
-Vnstralia, Tasmania, and
New Zealand
Pacific Islands (not specified).
British North .\merica
Central America
Mexico
South America
West Indies
Other countries
Grand total -
l,48t
1,947
42
19,918
970
1,406
2,779
' 22
1,943
3,111
203
7,506
141
2S,365| 12,904
1,098
81
38,610
1,217
6,067
2,315
11,888
17
82,870,
51,941
930
16,251
1,906
11,180
49
751,786
1,968
2,720
1,696
15,212
1,937
23,533
56,, 555
18,691
2, 151
11,244
43
1,460,
4,. 520
524
10,229
1,765
6,114
175
12,788
607
2,105
8,281
179
23,955
17,428 21,449! ,35,358
56,830
1,193
3' 049
13, 403 I
39
1,009
794
104
55,990
1,242
23,238
12^467
15
878,587 838,172
1,409
1,229
111
73,802
1,473
11,926
4,248
12,458
23
1,197, J
2,502
8,929
221
21,716
905
34,273
1,336
110
86, 139
1,622
14,614
5,869
14,451
136
,218,480
Countries.
1915 1916 1917 1918 1919
1921 Total.
-Austria
Hungary
Belgium
Biilparia
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Finland
France, including Corsica
Germany
Greece
Italy, including Sicily and Sar-
dinia ,
Netherlands
Norway ,
Poland
Portugal, including Cape Verde
and .\zores Islands ,
Rumania
Russia ,
9,215
9,296
2,399
1,403
3,312
22
'i'352
4,811
7,799l
12,5921
49
3,144
7 ■■"
4,907
481
26,187
Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, King-
dom of
Spain, including Canary and
earic Islands
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey in Europe
United Kingdom:
England
Ireland
Scotland
Wales
Other Europe
2,762
6,585
1,742
21,562
14,185
4,668
1,007
1,180
Total Europe.
197,919
China
Japan
India
Turkey in .\sia.
Other Asia
Total Asia.
-Mrica
-Vustralia, Tasmania, and
Zealand
Pacific Islands (not specified).
British North America
Central America
Mexico
South .\merica
West Indies
Other countries
2,
8,613
161
3,543
234
15,211
Grand total.
934
1,282
117
82,215
1,252
12, .340
3,"
11,
2,877
27,034
33,665
2,910
5,191
3,187
1,857
23,974
34,596
2,235
4,
1,7(8
4-7
1,910
5,250
944
2,578
3,379
52
268
84l
6,574
901
3,426{
3,137|
7561
8,945'
l,0fl
11,981
4,947
7,702
6,166
585
40,884
6,260
3,795
9,552
6,803
28, 502
h
12,259
^ on
12,716
1,222
19
1,403
2,655
512
1,717
10,232
6,368
911
152
8,354
5,406
1,868
513
1,463
4,295
2,298
331
15
1,573
2,343
95,1451 222,
5,187! 6,493
4,445 7,423
4,813 95,089
19,195
25,817
23,536
23,818
9,171
7,106
6,391
3,785
1,933
27,871
9,591
9,347
1,253,
l,735l
,231,595
83,844
62, .558
44,310
119, 144
4,551
148,261
528,229
3,555,215
101,237
280,603
99,902
184,364
100,201
2,676,674
25,424
121,104
385,226
67,, 597
141,409
33,431
,435
,954
,757,
^M35|L_,,.,,,
31,063! 24,6271 246,2951 652,36413,^
2,460|
8,6801
1121
1,670
282
2,237
8,991
109
393
1,026
1,795|
10,213i
130
43
520
13,204 12,756
1,484
90
101,551
1,135
18,425
4,286
12,027
31
298, 682
566
1,014
128
105,399
2,073
6' 931
15,507
77
295,403
12,701
925
165
32,452
2,220
18,524
3,343
2,330
9,432
300
5,033
410
17,. 505
46t
648
2,066
119
90,025
2,360
52,361
4,112
13,808
702
141,132 430,001
4,009
7,878
511
11,735
48,799
236,991
7,332
176,915
18,041
25, 034 1 488.078
,301 17,193
2,191
72,3171
2,2541
30,7.58
5,0151
13, 774 1
130
27, 184
2,786
995,446
27,806
299,802
64,407
251,987
35,030
805,228:16,096,712
I
» The totals for Austria and Hungary, respectively, for the 17 years in which they were separated, are
as follows- Austria, 1,126,805: Hungary, 1,258,906.
3 The totals for England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales, respectively, for the 22 years in which they w ere
separated, are as follows: England, 681,343; Ireland, 529,411; Scotland, 216,572: Wales, 33,092.
108 REPOET OF COMMISSIONEK GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table XIV-b. — Emigrant aliens departed, fiscal years
Race or people.
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
234
1,051
5, 965
28; 589
2; 089
1,046
1,198
124
5,320
3,463
3,063
14,418
6,763
7,702
2,441
19,507
147,828
5,323
188
29; 276
173
898
5,264
7,507
3,310
5,801
1,596
23,573
1,977
333
1,700
1,276
163
375
630
1,104
561
746
2,422
3,397
9,014
1,243
515
903
48
5,061
1 427
2,862
13,541
6,275
6,105
2,059
16,658
69,781
3,903
114
1,990
11,507
158
4
19,290
816
1,352
5,125
1,672
7,257
1,618
8,894
1,834
305
1,204
725
171
394
1,874
11,873
926
521
943
2,720
2,383
7,133
1,556
432
1,192
80
6,508
1,276
4,029
13,303
8,814
5, 689
2,472
13,431
41, 772
4,377
137
1,812
10,533
210
1
16,884
906
1,834
i;719
5,032
1,992
9,259
2,323
387
1,077
1,058
195
388
806
20,644
913
999
1,208
6,472
2;.716
13, 735
2,234
935
9,432
4,219
3,400
15,243
11,134
6,401
3,300
14,209
62,009
3,351
41
2,430
18,975
319
31,952
1,388
5,230
8,439
3,838
8,036
3,083
15,561
2,518
374
1,173
1,633
255
344
862
25,540
1,288
718
1,149
7 349
2,549
13,963
1,963
927
1,816
164
10, 341
4^148
4,189
15,026
13,323
7,418
4,086
13,006
96,881
1,501
55
4,141
17,575
325
4
37,764
1,747
5,824
9,744
5,521
10,380
3,456
12,526
2,569
343
972
1,366
301
530
1,113
15,201
Bulgarian Ssrbian and Montenegrin
Chinese. '
Cuban
Dalmatian Bosnian and Herzegovinian
R ast Indian
R nglish
French
Greek.
Uebrew
Irish . .
Italian (south)
Japanese . . ...
Magyar
Polish
Russian
Ruthenian (Russniak)
Scandinavian (Norwegians, Danes, and Swedes)
Scotch
Slovak
Syrian
Turkish
Welsh
West Indian (except Cuban) .
Other pjoples
Total
30o;073
225,802
202,436
295, 666
333,262
Alien departures previous to July 1, 1907, were not recorded by race or people.
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
ended June SO, 1908^ to 1921, by races or peoples.
109
1913
1^671
*676
871
13, 525
2,250
10,209
1,204
S49
2. 145
213
10, 794
3,053
4.019
li;S71
31,556
4"45S
10, 995
79, 057
733
44
3,276
11,496
910
4
24, 107
1,583
3,156
10, .548
5,327
9,291
4,118
9,854
3,181 !
457
1,297
'298
5S4
1,118
19,838
308, 190
1,805
1,250
1,011
5.780
2,059
14,440
947
878
2,252
143
11,187
2,941
2,930
11,977
11,266
12,663
72, 767
794
43
5,522
14,254
1,670
2
35,028
1,848
3,837
17, 491
5,049
8,073
3,923
11,786
3,214
542
1,200
677
1,470
17,819
1,644
444
219
2,354
1,959
2,381
2,536
105
1.340
162
10,372
845
i2'749
9,767
1,524
2,948
7,539
89,969
825
47
2,262
573
7,912
2,526
899
11,256
860
3,473
2,714
1,398
4,347
560
1,684
659
42
290
2, 148
76
1,454
4
742
91
7,826
543
2,297
873
4,855
199
1,851
4,020
68,981
780
29
394
559
3
358
2,185
138
4,716
17
3,954
2,096
74
2,792
516
120
41
214
10,744
129,765
1917
1,497
133
59
325
1,799
24
2,395
6
742
136
6,316
1,256
2, 829
767
2,082
329
1,736
3,478
10,016
722
45
38
123
759
4
119
1,313
61
6,393
21
4,550
1,618
34
3,524
612
110
54
130
520
504
1918 1919
1,291
1,238
455
918
2,239
31
1,141
13
698
154
12, 810
1,596
5,427
563
2,952
687
3,071
1,041
8,135
1,558
77
45
41
25,084
6
1,035
2,016
61
4,926
25
4,665
3,307
453
4,182
58
263
426
1,001
976
11
412
3,241
2,062
154
898
2
1,356
106
9,406
497
5,472
343
15,562
373
1,934
1,195
36,980
2,127
23
6
10
17, 793
2
153
3,525
1,717
2
4,865
1,687
1,150
1921
1,275
584
2.59
23,844
2,961
7,481
1,598
1,533
3,016
162
11,659
1,447
7,026
4,178
20, 319
358
4, 635
8, 159
80, 955
4,238
14
4,859
21,490
1,151
8,246
2,577
11,568
5,144
1,126
1,652
1,340
195
626
1,802
1,807
605
564
9,940
5,253
3,306
1,059
909
2,405
137
11,622
2,480
3,836
6,770
13,470
483
2,535
11,447
37,032
4,352
33
4,507
12,457
5,519
42,207
5,144
8,603
11,085
465
6,944
2,027
17,625
4,961
1,536
1,599
713
167
656
1,457
18,770
8,633
8,989
85, 145
37,673
110, 536
22,377
8,154
21,494
1,795
128, 6.54
29, 191
57, 178
111,622
158,138
50,791
42,215
137,348
902,163
34,584
890
28, 890
143, 522
60, 464
47
281,928
30,754
57, 809
105,780
28,519
90, 567
35,812
123, 755
50, 055
8,626
12,329
10,934
3,156
6,939
14, 152
147,645
110 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table XIV-c. — Emigrant aliens departed, fiscal
Austria
Hungar>'
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Finland
France, including Corsica
Germany
Greece
Italy, including Sicily and Sardinia
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal, including Cape Verde and Azores Isli
Rumania
Russia
Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, Kingdom of
Spain, including Canary and Balearic Islands. .
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey in Europe
United Kingdom:
England
Ireland
Scotland
Wales
Other E urope
64,607
65,590
853
3,280
27,782
21,631
431
1,594
460
26,424
20,866
655
1,566
45, IGO
41, 182
1,017
3,154
433 !
■169
46, 137
42,123
1,103
3,577
665
3, 107
6,770
6, 131
166,733
330
2,275
2,817
4,905
4,025
6,216
8,144
52,323
463
1,028
3,148
6,042
9,376
72,640
461
1,400
3,473
5,785
11,461
108,388
564
2,310
Total Europe.
China
Japan
India
Turkey in Asia.
Other Asia
Total Asia .
Africa
Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand .
Pacific Islands, not specified
British North .'Vmerica
Central America
Mexico
South America
West Indies
Other countries
Grand total .
'See footnote Table III.
1,056
1,267
37,777
1,116
2, 574
684
3,084
5,019
2,023
1,499 I
1,025
434
19,707
1, 082
445
17,362
1,079
1,159
658
1,267
3,076
1,380
743
51
1,463
1,006
759
4,554
1,7M
1,099
84
16
376,566 I 180,747 153,755
3,923
3,431
128
1,847
221
9,550
3,411
3,819
48
1,650
205
2,371
4,366
09
1,548
160
9,133
,514
225,802
215
345
31
34, 194
1,073
3,519
37
1,459
669
27,053
1,396
1,615
667
5,441
1,984
1,528
145
10
2,762
3,354
8,172
275
474
30
49,373
347
463
1,183
4,584
61
295,666
1,916
550
31,681
1,581
2,490
510
5,926
6,700
3,082
2,195
185
22
2,609
1,485
1,551
104
5,931
266
645
43
33,506
328
605
1,319
4,864
31
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. Ill
nrs ended June SO, 1908 to 1921, by countries.^
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
Total.
28,760
35,013
6,776
230
126
5
201
2,274
1,399
284,894
29,904
39,987
5,059
592
112
1
100
14,233
12, 153
293, 833
803
1,149
333
24
15
41
634
1,846
1,430
10,334
9,664
2,553
1,964
250
191
700
2,891
3,587
11, 147
2,923
15,452
37,894
26,599
608
629
412
513
489
304
599
1,477
1,473
922
2,386
8,669
3,859
3,430
2,927
5,751
2,231
2,064
3,176
3,792
4,477
3,026
47,444
4,759
5,136
1,419
439
315
28
26
3,069
5,263
50, 172
30,603
11, 124
9,775
4,829
2,034
2,986
15, 482
20, 314
13,423
151,288
SS,02I
84,351
96,903
72, 507
12,542
8; 645
38,245
88,909
48, 192
1,021,699
599
690
612
351
227
139
596
1,017
849
7,206
1,710
2,797
1,211
1,359
1,633
1,730
1,952
3,022
18, 190
4,728
2,406
42,572
5,167
26, 161
60,762
32,286
1,965
2,055
2,661
2,396
1,353
1,976
3,447
319
348
244
49
16
7
39
21,506
9,297
35, 190
26,923
47,451
18,297
5,947
4,983
1,868
1,933
28,474
3,841
15,229
13, 034
3,966
264,470
41, 508
2,029
2,254
3,042
1,816
2,491
3,250
6,280
35,604
1,989
2.240
953
1,412
969
1,169
1,738
3,109
2,913
25,336
449
432
349
201
159
172
403
1,103
900
7 446
4,809
2,528
164
18
24
24
47
1,812
405
26,784
5,%9
7,275
7,715
5,130
2,798
1,239
4,482
8,099
7,839
75,336
2,894
3,632
2,218
1,304
1,027
280
3,735
1,905
28,206
2,179
2,464
1,847
1,332
678
141
569
1,488
1,187
18,949
157
234
169
118
24
54
141
180
1698
16
26
80
49
88
480
98
1,429
827
3,152
248, 559
257,295
167,954
102,409
35,367
31, 500
84, 531
256,433
215,245
2,626,779
2,303
2,112
2,011
2,203
1,871
2,352
2,199
3,102
5,451
38,680
731
756
840
770
750
1,583
2,195
4,249
4,375
32,704
240
164
179
123
176
229
161
189
281
2,261
1,313
2, 243
593
14
8
5
26
1,731
2,534
16,968
103
167
214
867
■ 356
212
79
170
246
3,163
4,690
5,442
3,837
3,977
3,161
4,381
4,660
9,441
12, 887
83,776
209
196
85
93
108
100
74
121
197
2,212
645
745
608
445
382
36
362
490
742
6,602
29
30
17
10
35
418
19
29
50
812
46,981
31,818
23, 225
15, 712
18,994
27, 170
10, 726
7,668
5,456
337,930
482
437
436
495
530
489
413
602
703
6,459
991
1,724
651
532
812
25, 515
18,000
6,606
5,705
62,551
1,367
1,376
988
997
993
1,071
914
1,398
1,647
16, 131
4,223
4,237
6,243
5,059
5,891
3 891
3,806
5,502
5,050
64,422
14
38
30
36
4
14
17
25
36
349
308, 190
303,338
204,074
129,765
66,277
94, 585
123,522
288,315
247,718
3,218,023
112 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table XV. — Total immigration each year, 1820 to 1921,.
Period.
Number.
Period.
Numher.
Year ended Sept
30-
8,385
9,127
6,911
6,354
7,912
10. 199
10, 837
18,875
27,382
22,520
23,322
22,6.33
60,482
58,640
65,365
45, .374
76,242
79, 340
38,914
68,069
84,066
80,289 ,
104,565
52,496 i
78,615 '
114,371 !
154,416
234,968
226,527 ,
297,024 1
310,004
59,976
379,466
371,603
368,645 i
427,833 1
200,877
195,857
112, 123 '<
191,942
129,571
133, 143
H2,877 '
72,183
132,925
191,114
180,3.39
332,577
303,104
282,189
352,768
Year ended June 30— Continued.
1870
387,203
321, 350
1871
1822
1872
404, 806
1823
1873
459,803
313, 339
1 1874
1825
1875 ■
227, 498
1 1876
169, 986
1827
I 1877.
141, 857
1828
1 1878
138,469
1879.
177,826
457, 257
1830
1880
1881
669, 431
Oct 1 1831 to Deo. 31. 1832
1882
788,992
603, 322
Year ended Dec.
31-
1883
1833
1884
518,592
1834
1885
395,346
1835
1886.
334,203
490, 109
1836
1887
1837
546, 889
183S
1889
444,427
455,302
560,319
579,663
439,730
285,631
1839
1890. ...
1840
1891
1841
1892
1842
1893
.Ian. 1 to Sept. 30,
1843
1894
30—
1895
258, 536
1844
1896
343,267
1845
1897
230,832
229,299
311,715
448 572
1846
1847
1899
1848
1900
1849
1901. ...
487,918
648 743
1850
1902
Oct. 1 to Dec. 31,
1850
1903
857,046
812,870
year ended Dec. :
1-
1904
1S51
1,026,499
1853
1907
1,285,349
782,870
751,786
1854
1908
1855
1909
1856 1
1910
1,041 570
1857
1911
878, 587
Year ended June
50-
1912
838, 172
1858
1913
1,197 892
18.59
1, 218, 480
- 326,700
298, 826
1860
1861
1916
1862
295,403
110,618
1863
1918
1864 ;
1865
1920
4.30,001
805,228
1866
1867
Total
1868
34 435 332
1869
Table XV-a.-
—Net increase of pojmlation
years ended June
by arrival and departure of ah
SO, 1908 to 1921.
ens, fiscal
Admitted.
1
Departed.
Iminigrant.
Nonimmi-
grant.
Total.
Emigrant.
1
Nonemi-
grant.
Total.
Increase.
782,870
751,786
1,041,570
878,587
838, 172
1,197,892
1,218,480
326,700
298,826
295,403
110,618
141, 132
430,001
805,228
141,825
192,449
156,467
151,713
178,983
229, 335
184,601
107,544
67,922
67,474
101,235
95,889
191,575
172,935
924,69
944,23
1,198,03
1,030,30
1,017,15
1,427,22
1,103,08
434,24
366,74
362,87
211,85
237,02
621,57
978, 16
5 395,073
5 1 225,802
7 202,436
295,666
5 333,262
7 308,190
1 : 303,338
1 204,074
8 : 129,765
7 ' 66,277
3 94,585
1 123, 522
6 288,315
3 247,718
319,755
174,590
177,982
222, 549
282,030
303,734
330, 467
180, 100
111,042
80,102
98 683
92,709
139,747
178,313
714,828
400,392
380,418
518,215
615,292
611,924
633,805
384, 174
240,807
146,379
193,268
216,231
428, 0C2
426,031
1909 - -
543 843
1911 . . .
512,085
401,863
1913
815,303
769,276
1914
50,070
125, 941
1916
1917
216, 498
18,585
1919
20,790
193 514-
1920
552, 132
Total.
9,117,265
2,039,947
11,1.57,21
2 , 3,218,023
2,691,803
5,909,826 1
5,247,386
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 113
1
Coming
in
conse-
quence
of
adver-
tise-
ments.
As-
sisted
aliens.
"5
: '-
2 l^oo
:ig^-« :
1, il|i
= " 1
"*
-
s^^essssss"
Pro-
fes-
sional
beg-
gars.
'^
<N • .00
;-HC» ;-. ;
Pau-
pers.
; ;CO ;
Likely
to be-
come
a
public
charge.
S^ 2 SS S3 -g-gSSIgllggSS
Chron-
ic
alco-
hol-
ism.
M .rH .
: i"^ • : : :
Surgeon's
certificate
of physical
defect
which may
affect
alien's
ability
to earn a
living,
other than
loath-
some or
dangerous
contagious
diseases
or non-
contagious
tuber-
culosis.
10
5
t^.-i m
^•"?:2SSgS| : :
II
i ^
2
O
00 oo
-5 ■"
CO -^ O -H TJ. CO O «0 CO lO CO (N '■
1
:
"*
: : : ; : ;'*o»-"-i=o ; ;
^1
j
3
"S *^
: :«-! :■«.■* to '^^''g'-'' •
Tuber-
culosis
(conta-
gious).
"^
M
. r-lt-l .
. ;M |CO«Oe
ocor^ -o • •
Tuber-
cu-
losis
(non-
conta-
gious).
■* :
::■"':::
Surgeon's
certiflcateof
mental de-
fect which
may affect
alien's
ability to
earn a liv-
ing, other
than idiots,
imbeciles,
feeble-
minded,
epileptics,
insanity,
or consti-
tutional
psycho-
pathic
inferiority.
i i"^ :"* :
• -i-i -co • •
Con-
stitu-
tional
psy-
cho-
pathic
infe-
rior-
ity.
-" •
•0 jcj :.Hcoe
^^CO ; ; I :
Epi-
lep-
tics.
'^
: -"
j ;,H jco ;
■^'^ l^ : :
In-
sane
or
have
been
in-
sane.
<N
■^ -^
-( •C^i-^00-<)'C^IOOJCOCO "-H
1 Hii
^-. ;
'. [o ieort-
Hooioeo^ '• I
Im-
beciles.
" :
[ jto [^ '•-
^^r^r^t, : :
Idiots.
: : ; '.'^ :
jco ::.»;:
1
> Race or people.
1
ii;
•a :
i p
II
m
If
ft
U i
JO c
;.fi
:w o-
i
East Indian
English
Finnish
French
German
Hebrew
Irish
Italian (north)
Italian (south)
Japanese
Lithuanian
70112—21-
114
EEPORT (JF COMMISSIONER (GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
1
Coming
conse-
quence
of
adver-
tise-
ments.
<.
As-
sisted
aliens
^^c.
" -2
00
^
2
--
llli ,
coTOiraiONOO ocoiNcoMMco-a>
i
Pro-
fes-
sional
beg-
gars.
(N-.
-^
—
o
S
Pau-
pers.
«
Likely
to be-
come
public
charge.
s?sgssss gs^il^jS'-g? --'g
■o
Chron-
ic
alco-
hol-
ism.
«
Surgeon's
certificate
which may
aflect
alien's
ability
to earn a
living,
other than
loath-
some or
dangerous
contagious
diseases
or non-
contagious
tuber-
culosis.
5
27
3
6
2
2
o^^grj
i
II
g|
<B-2
1'
Others.
•^S^S-"-
CiTOQCLOK
(N -v
$
1
-HN-.
"^
IN
g
-
Tra-
choma.
g«=°-
N
=^"
M
^
g
Tuber-
culosis
(conta-
gious).
-H« —
"
MMCO.-I
s
Tuber-
cu-
losis
(non-
conta-
gious).
"^
'"'
rj.
Surgeon's
certificateof
mental de-
fect which
may affect
alien's
ability to
earn a liv-
ing, other
than idiots,
imbeciles,
feeble-
minded,
epileptics,
insanity,
or consti-
tutional
psycho-
pathic
inferiority.
2
Con-
stitu-
tional
psy-
cho-
pathic
infe-
rior-
ity.
«-<
nrr
"^
S
Epi-
lep-
tics.
C«
;3
In-
sane
or
have
been
in-
sane.
^-HCO
^^„^
-'
-^
'^
§
Fee-
ble-
mind-
ed.
MC*
lo
S .
-
4-
n^
NN
"
Idiots.
"""
o
1
1
C
i
1
I
i
1
1
1
"E
1
a.
III
C
1
1
I
1
B
<
1
1
7-
1
1
1
1
1
5
1
S
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAI OF IMMIGRATION. 115
De-
barred
from
Philip-
pine
Islands.
1
in
Total
de-
barred.
|§ S g| SS 2SS§2pSSJS:|'^§S|-Sgg
<°s
CO
(N
EX.
ceed-
ed
quota,
act
of
May
19,
1921.
"
With,
out
prop-
er
pass-
port
under
State
De-
part-
ment
regu-
la-
tions.
1
1
^M to
N.-.-CO
cooc<2'^j:;5;^'-'"
■WIN
Under
last
pro-
viso
sec-
tion
23.
-"
-co
tO'T
M.
CO»
-"
IN
Under
provi-
sions
Chi-
nese
exclu-
sion
act.
S
Under
pass-
port
provi-
sion,
sec-
tion 3.
CO
tO-H
M
to -ICO
-a>g
iNiO ;
Geograph-
Icllly
excluded
classes.
(Natives
of that
portion
of Asia
and
islands
adjacent
thereto
described
in sec-
tion 3.)
1
Unable
to read
(over IC)
years of
age).
64
15
25
17
'^g5''S-|S?gS:5^|"'°='"S5
3g?j
Had
been
ported
within
one
year.
■*
e»
lO
cN-^ :
Aliens
who
procure
or
attempt
to bring
in
prosti-
tutes or
females
for any
immoral
purpose.
0= — to -H -.< rt IC
^
Aliens
who
are
sup-
ported
by or
receive
pro-
ceeds
of
prosti-
tution.
CO
N
M
■
Prosti-
tutes
and
aliens
coming
for any
im-
moral
pur-
pose.
«5
(N-H
'-'
2-2
-HCO
IN,^
s?
■^
"^
Anarch-
ists or
aliens,
enter-
taining,
or affili-
ated
with an
advo-
cating,
anarch-
istic
beliefs.
Polyga-
mists.
"
<N
(N
Crim-
inals.
00
— ^
M
«5
S'^s?-'
-Ht^
t~-H
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IN
Under
16
years
of age
unac-
com-
panied
by
par-
ent.
2
■^
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^
s
coro '•
Ac-
com-
pany-
ing
aliens
(under
sec-
tion
18).
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116
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
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REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 117
!
As-
sisted
aUens.
23
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118 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
5
1
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li
Si
II
By
United
States
mar-
shals.
1 : : :-§§i§ilSlgssiSiii»|2S2--
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356
363
465
547
779
845
676
995
069
124
695
788
456
461
610
435
590
771
551
021
751
517
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With-
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proper
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under
State
Depart-
ment
regula-
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AUens
who
procure or
attempt to
bring in
prostitutes
and
females for
any
immoral
purpose.
: : i |«-«^c5Sg2SSSgSgSSSS
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tutes
and
aliens
coming
for any
im-
moral
pur-
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ggooM. :-.^.cc
--^^"^ii^giliiggigssig
Un-
der 16
years
of age
unac-
com-
panied
by
par-
ent.
M N M i i^§iiiis§igi§si
M i M igssiai^giissgsgg
li
■ : : '^'■=^'~
Year
ended
June 30-
I'i'iiddii
iiiiiiiiii
O-h'c^'m
Th'-o'coVodc
»'2z^'
2222222S222S 1
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 119
Table XVI-b. — Permanent residents of contiguous foreign territory applying for tem-
porary sojourn i?i the United States refused adm.ission, fiscal year ended Jiine SO, 1921,
by causes.
Canadian Mexican Ai„ska Tofal
! border. 1 border. -*'asKa. lotai.
Idiots
Imbeciles
Feeble-minded
Epileptics
Insane persons
Constitutional psychopathic inferiority
Tuberculosis (noncontagious)
Loathsome or dangerous contagious diseases
Professional beggars
Paupers, or likely to become public charges
Surgeon s certificate
Chronic alcoholism
Contract laborers
Accompanying aliens (under sec. 18)
Under 16 years of age and unaccompanied by parent
Assisted aliens
Criminals
Anarchists
Prostitutes and females coming for any immoral purpose
Aliens who are supported by or receive proceeds of prostitution.
Aliens who procure or attempt to bring in prostitutes and fe-
males for any immoral purpose
Unable to read (oyer 16 years of age)
Geographically excluded
Under passport provision, section 3
Under pro^•isions Chinese-exclusion act
Under provisions of section 23
Total.
2 .
2
16 I
11
20,
22
6 '.
105 1
2
3
18
13
22
25
6
267
1
3,588
195
4
282
116
42
1,290
11
13
20
6,341
120
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
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122 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
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124 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
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REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 125
•mox
7,422
1,610
1,544
100
533
94
3,541
147
« C*<D
■ODIH owoj
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4,459
995
1,486
75
478
88
1,337
124
28
o
a
1
1
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Disposition on appeal:
Admitted without bond
Admitted on public-charge bond
Admitted temporarily without bond
i '. '. '.
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11
126 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table XIX. — Deserting alien seamen, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, hy ports.
New York
Boston, Mass
Philadelphia, Pa.
Baltimore, Md
Portland, Me
Norfolk, Va
Savannah, Ga
Miami, Fla
Key West, Fla...
Charleston, S. C
Jacksonville, Fla.
Brunswick, Ga...
Tampa, Fla
Pensacola, Fla
Mobile, Ala
8,149
779
1,388
1,794
121
4,234
202
3
37
197
87
15
196
129
165
New Orleans, La 1, 406
Galveston, Tex
. . 1, 286
Port Arthur, Tex
493
Gulfport Miss.
88
Pascacoula Miss
21
Fernandina, Fla
58
San Francisco, Calif
842
Portland, Oreg
90
Seattle, Wash
28
Mexican border seaports
14
Alaska
2
San Juan, P. R
15
Total.
21, 839
Table XX. — Alien stowaways found on board vessels arriving at ports of the United
States, fiscai year ended June 30, 1921, by ports.
New York, N. Y....
Boston, Mass
Philadelphia, Pa. . . .
Baltimore, Md
Portland, Me
New Bedford, Mass.
Providence, R. I —
Norfolk, Va
Savannah, Ga
Tampa, Fla
Charleston, S. C...
Miami, Fla.l
Key West, Fla
Fernandina, Fla . . .
Jacksonville, Fla...
1,545
184
211
245
10
35
4
444
17
11
50
2
16
5
13
Pensacola, Fla
Brunswick, Ga
Mobile, Ala
New Orleans, La
Galveston, Tex
Port Arthur, Tex
Pascagoula, Miss
Gulfport, Miss
San Francisco, Calif
Seattle, Wash
Mexican border seaports.
San Juan, P. R
Total.
17
1
37
215
97
29
3
1
279
51
16
1
3,539
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION, 127
Tabi.k XXI. — Comparison between alien arrivals and head-tax settlements, fiscal year
ended June 30, 1921 .
Imini,2;rant aliens admitted 805, 228
Noniiumigrant aliens admitted 172, 935
Aliens debarred 13, 779
Aliens from Porto Rico, Hawaii, Virgin Islands, Philippine
Islands, and mainland 4, 694
Died 100
Erroneous head-tax collections 3, 042
Head-tax payments pendin^: from preWous vear 82, 484
1,082,262
Exempt from head-tax payments, as follows:
In transit (groups) 2, 341
Other transits (includes 17,907 Chinese in transit under bond
across land territory of the United States) 49, 316
One-year residents of British North America, Mexico, and
Cuba, coming for temporary stay 6, 220
Domiciled aliens returning (rule 1, subd. 3 (d), (e), and (h)) . 34, 905
Government officials 2, 983
Alien residents of the Philippine or Virgin Islands 196
Aliens from Porto Rico and Hawaii who reached said islands
prior to July 1, 1907, or subsequent to May 1, 1917 1, 674
Aliens from the mainland 1, 836
Under 16 years of age, accompanied by parents 143, 681
Exemptions on account of aliens debarred 12, 225
Citizens erroneously manifested 2, 342
Returned alien soldiers (public resolution No. 44) 3, 432
Deserting alien seamen (not apprehended at end of 60 days,
put in statistics) 6, 006
Total 267, 157
Head -tax payments pending at close of year 102, 345
; 369,502
Aliens on whom head tax was paid ' 712, 760
Amount of head tax collected during year $5, 697, 528
> 1,138 aliens were taxed at 44 each and 7U,622 at $8 each.
128 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
TaBle XXII. — Aliens admitted in continental United States from insular United States,
during the fiscal years ended June 30, 1908 to 1921, inclusive," by ports.
Num-
ber.
Year of arrival.
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
New York NY
10,876
1
2
\
15
6?
8
20,806
7^
1,408
11
440
423
579
616
548
610
694
756
Baltimore, Md
Newport News, Va
Norfolk, Va
r,har1p<!ton S f!
Jacksonville, Fla
New Orleans, La
2
2
3
7
11
3
2,268
12
12
San Francisco, Calif
Portland, Oreg
912
896
1,591
1,076
1,402
2,595
1,610
6
7
17
9
28
63
99
24
460
59
14
36
10
40
9
Total
33,962
1,358
1,328
2,198
1,786
2,080
3,411
3,351
2,437
Year of arrival.
From
Ha-
waii.
From
Porto
Rico.
From
PhiUp-
pine
Is-
lands.
From
Vir-
Port.
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
lands.
New York, N. Y
726
1,138
•
1,285
909
1,058
1
1,094
2
2
1
10,316
558
2
1
2
15
1
Norfolk Va
2
2
15
2
61
8
2
2
"■935'
2
19
179
5
10
1
3
814
1
50
616
1
1
1
1
1,384
......
123
3
1
26,"292"
5
130
1,281
8
10
1
1,824
1
4
63
■i,'826"
2
3
134
1,673
514
1
Seattle, Wash
2i
62
622
127
1
1
Canadian Pacific ports
Xotal
2,492
3,031
3,268
2,398
2,201
2,623
21,729
10,404
1,267
562
REPOKT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL 0¥ IMMIGRATION.
129
Table XXII-a. — Tmmiqranf. aliens admitted in continental United States frovi insular
United States and in insular United States from other insulars and from mainland
{continental United States), by ports, Jiscal year ended June SO, 1921.
Port.
From
Hawaii.
From
PhiUp-
pine
Islands.
From
Porto
Rico.
From
Virgin
Islands.
From
main-
land.
Total.
New York N Y
1
aa
121
1
65
11
1
1
76
1
Honolulu Hawaii
114
115
33
33
65
13
89
66
114
347
Table XXII-b. — Nonimmigrant aliens admitted in continental United States from
insular United States and in insular United States from other insulars and from
mainland (continental United States), by ports, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921.
Port.
From
Hawaii.
From
Philip-
Islands.
From
Porto
Rico.
From
Virgm
Islands.
From
main-
land.
Total.
New York, N.Y
2
864
107
2
973
Baltimore Md
2
1
1
1,270
38
14
49
1,308
Seattle Wash
14
Canadian Pacific ports
74
3
■
123
3
Honolulu Hawaii
8
700
1,022
708
193
1,215
Total
1,349
109
865
302
1,722
4,347
70112—21-
130 EEPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table XXIII. — Aliens certified by surgeons as physically or mentally defective, fiscal year
i
1
Sex.
A
ge.
Disease or defect.
i
1
1
1
2i
I
CO
1
1
to
1
2
1
1
i
1
Idiot
17
47
98
46
96
15
79
555
116
2
931
357
119
333
86
250
19
14,850
794
12
1,660
485
403
20
2,618
621
319
3,504
185
112
2,067
494
1,649
303
11
22
7
29
42
27
47
13
63
390
75
2
453
334
84
155
89
11
4,653
504
8
403
311
248
14
1,465
546
209
2,252
100
78
2,039
420
"m
10
17
10
18
56
19
49
2
16
165
41
17
35
33
5
3
1
118
82
5
18
5
8
1
16
141
13
1
423
98
46
45
2
39
'I
25
6
25
179
7
13
11
27
2
18
'7
4
5
1
8
32
3
1
10
12
28
2
10
14
;
36
20
8
II
91
19
14800
352
9
637
37
77
6
499
106
60
729
49
11
1,463
103
5
Psychopathic inferiority (not specified)
Epilepsy
478
23
35
178
33
161
8
10, 197
290
4
1,257
174
155
6
1,153
75
110
1,252
85
34
28
74
1,649
125
1
5
144
6
30
98
2
22
216
163
20
58
6
35
86
56
11
33
10
40
26
14
4
16
13
23
Parasitic disease (not specified)
Contagious, transmissible, or communica-
Rheutnatism, arthritis, gout, neuritis
Debility, anemia, marasmus, malnutrition.
Senility (physical degenera;tion incident to
70
85
9
140
8
1
208
58
55
3
373
130
31
587
29
14
189
32
230
32
59
2
130
28
39
2
211
68
22
375
11
10
136
30
42
Organicdisease(notspecified); general, sys-
temic, or constitutional disease (not
specified)
Nonmalignant tumor, hypertrophy, new
growth , di latation, localized collection of
fluid not due to cardiac or kidney disease . .
Acute inflammatory or suppurative condi-
tion
85
131
74
2
448
39
84
364
39
9
32
121
5
303
""3
103
1
419
70
49
499
24
33
59
124
384
3„
128
87
6
208
73
950
33
35
188
84
983
Chronic inHaramatory or suppurative con-
dition . . .
Deformity, malformation, ankylosis, cica-
trix, permanent injury (not specified)
Loss of member
Paralysis (partial or complete), atrophy... .
Less than normal function, disordered func-
tion (not specified)
Complete loss of function of organ (not
specified)
Undersized... . . .
Poor development, lack of development
(not specified)
Pregnancy
Infancy
Alcoholism
1
1
2
8
3
7
3
2
3
Not stated
Total
33,295
15,324
17,971
2,409
3,044
4,714
2,432
1,358
19340
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 131
e)ided Jane SO, 192 1, showing sex, age, class of defect, and disposition, by diseases or defects.
Class of defect.
Disposition.
Class
A(l).
Class
A (2).
Class
B.
Class
C.
>>
P.
i
a
•a
<
o
1
i!
II
o
III
03
g
jli
1
2
1
1
•<
d .
■" 03
II
1^
■2
1
a
1
1
1
1
1
IS
li
1
1
I
1
Idiocy, imbecility, feeble-
minded, epilepsy, in-
sanity, tuberculosis, and
chronic alcoholism.
il
%
III
I.I
Q
1
o
i
1
■0
1
1 17
47
98
46
96
15
79
j
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
.1
48
40
59
10
46
285
4
8
175
::::::
6
15
24
1
11
2
6
8
7
2
5
10
2
4
......
4
1
1
1
8
7
19
27
4
13
4
11
142
90
:■;■";■
5
13
1
"i'
1
"2
1
28
42
2
ii4
70
20
1
21
124
21
83
1
[
1
11
555
116
2
5
11
413
1
931
9
4
3
3
905
2
128
3
920
46
l\
357
89
1
333
4
31
187
6
6
34
45
11
13
1
1
1
13
1
2
9
5
1
215
67
.....
239
67
232
17
67
85
14
19
165
5
18
2
14 674
176
5 769
8 872
75
18
74
41
1
14,734
652
9
1,618
116
776
11
725
18
1
935
102
5
941
434
3
673
1
27
3
1
110
4
78
1
14
3
6
142
8
1
42
68
3
196
10
2,053
457
204
10
164
30
218
6
980
294
135
12
1,467
260
27
1
79
36
3
8
9
1
38
12
2
1
366
18
2,500
573
37
5
6
47
13
1.
1
118
1 749
1 755
2 015
1,305
97
31
1,576
85
5
54
40
3,379
164
109
1,909
125
154
48
2,023
31
64
44
39
77
253
14
1
80
11
1
11
17
"68
7
2
75
21
3
i
3
158
473
45
6
10
8
21
1,604
297
1^
96
1,321
1
339
251
221
29
43
68
9
5
2
3
18
17
3
10
12
10
2
1
455
1,594
225
39
2
78
11
2
14
2
16
398
1,457
24,884
6,556
12,823
16,116
1,493
81
551
435
1,372
414
10
JO, 953 :
,3«
132
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
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134 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
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REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
135
2,067
494
1,649
303
^
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136 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
I
1
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1
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Imbecile
Feeble-mi nded
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Insanity
Trachoma
Favus
Tinea tonsurans
Parasitic disease (not specified)
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jJCDUiiy, anemia, marasmus, mainutntion
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Senility (physical degeneration incident to age)
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constitutional disease (not specified)
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REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 137
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138 EEPOET OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
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REPORT OF CX)MMISSIONER GENERAL OT IMMIGRATION.
139
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140 EEPOET OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
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REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 141
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under
treat-
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142
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table A. — Japanese aliens applied for admission, admitted, debarred, deported, and
departed, fiscal years ended June 30, 1920 and 1921^^
Continen- I ' Continen-
tal United 1 Hawaii. , tal United
States. ; States.
Applications for a'Jmission .
Admitted
Debarred from entry . . .
Deported alter entry
Departures
13,013
'l45
46
11,662
3,355
3,306
49
10, 783
10,675
110
63
11,638
56 Koreans were admitted in Hawaii, and 66 departed therefrom.
29 Koreans were admitted in continental United States, and 29 departed tlierefroni.
Table B. — Increase or decrease of Japanese population by alien arrivals and departures,
fiscal years ended June SO, 1920 and 1921, by months.
Continental United States.
Hawaii.
Month.
Admitted.
Departed.
Increase(+)
or de-
crease (-).
Admitted.
Departed.
Increase! 4-)
or de-
crease (-).
1919-20.
Julv . . ...
692
693
1,092
1,2&3
656
1,388
645
931
1,038
1,982
907
1,561
913
763
1,065
891
1,916
1,207
1,226
589
705
1,0.56
820
511
- 221
; S
+ 392
-1,260
4- 181
- 581
+ 342
4- 333
+ 926
+ 87
4-1,050
225
221
318
256
528
215
569
215
248
94
301
116
562
266
322
236
285
294
145
321
184
422
584
370
—337
AUCMlSt
— 45
October.
4- 20
4-243
- 79
January.
-f-424
-106
March
4- 64
April
—328
^y :;;;::::::::::::::;::;:::
-283
Total
12,868
11,662
4-1,206
3,306
3,991
-685
1920-21.
Julv
1,035
1,064
655
857
944
732
578
752
907
1,.345
1,087
719
589
673
875
747
1,530
2,165
881
859
710
1,051
998
560
4- 446
4- 391
- 220
f 110
- 586
-1,433
- 303
- 107
4- 197
4- 294
4- 89
+ 4- 159
354
246
374
175
425
3.56
392
313
246
113
438
167
240
239
324
325
372
191
123
224
324
587
191
767
Aucust
4- 7
September
+ 50
-150
November
4- 53
December
4-165
Febniary
-f 89
March
78
April
-474
May
•\-^>^'!
June
600
Total
10,675
11,638
- 963
3,599
3,907
—308
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
143
Table C. — Occupations of Japanese aliens admitted and departed, fiscal year ended
June 30, 1921.
Continental
United
States.
Hawaii.
1
Occupation.
Continental
United
States.
Hawaii.
Occupation.
i
a
<
1
1"
1
1
<
1
1
1
<
t
«
8
2
15
1
2
1
7
1
<
i
1
PROFESSIONAL.
\ctors
6
14
46
37
2
'"?
267
52
15
77
77
12
21
29
46
3
145
10
38
3
180
66
14
61
97
11
2
SKILLED— continued.
Miners
Painters and glaziers
Photographers
6
1^
Architects
""2
2
1
19
2
Clergy
25
1
2
1
1
8
1
4
6
'"ie"
151
17
5
■■"■4
J
66
4
Electricians
Engineers (professional) -
Printers
7
Shoemakers
Stokers
TaUors
Textile workers (not
17
13
persons
Musicians
Officials (Government)..
Physicians
Sculptors and artists
Teacners
16
7
11
9
Watch and clock makers.
Weavers and spinners
1
2
2
2
1
Other skiUed
167
137
6
Other professional
Total
694
677
149
1
2
.5
1,599
25
62
9
52
••ii5-
130
52
Total
SKILLED.
744
4
37
725
3
34
227
3
11
8
128
—
3
11
3
MISCELLANEOUS.
Agents
Bankers
f.
15
Barbers and hairdressers.
Draymen, hackmen, and
9 5
1, 150 198
845 2,642
55 1 56
104 t 89
527 2,340
23 1 14
989 ! 1,161
59 1 74
1,141 768
4,989 7,450
13
13
Brewers
1
Farmers
51
2
8
223
3
77
64
10
Carpenters and joiners. ..
8
109
1
60
56
38
26
2
6
3
2
23
60
5
1,967
Engineers (locomotive,
marine and station-
Merchants and dealers. . .
Servants . . .
150
20
Other miscellaneous
Total
64
2,072
2,283
Iron and steel workers. . .
Jewelers
1
3
3
168
1
1
6
37
8
No occupation (includ-
ing women and chU-
....„
2
1
4
1
i
3
1
3
4,248
2.786
1,151
1,347
Grand total •.
Mechanics (not specified)
Metal workers (other
12
10,675 11,638
i
1
3,599
3,907
1
Table D. — Statistics of immigration and emigration of Japanese, collected by the United
States Government, compared with those reported by the Japanese Government, fiscal
year ended June 30, 1921.
From Japan.
Reported
Japan.
Reported
United
States.
To Japan.
Reported
Japan.
United
States.
To Hawaii
3,806
9^642
3,886
9,067
From Hawaii
6,702
14,397
3,906
To continental United States.
From continental United
States
9 815
113.448
U2,953
Total
Total
» 21, 099
' 13,721
Embarked within the year.
Debarked within the year.
144 REPOET OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table E. — Japanese alien arrivals in continental United States, fiscal year
Came from—
In possession of proper passports.
1
6
.2
H
1
1
O
Entitled to passports under Japanese
agreement.
Former residents of
the United States.
Parents, wives,
and children of
United States
residents.
1
j
i
1
j
1
Total admitted and de-
barred .
9,982
46
113
539
105
2,607
2,547
5,154
3,286
147
3,433
Admitted:
Male
6,059
3,834
31
7
96
15
499
32
91
11
1,589
1,017
2,514
31
4,103
1,048
683
67
750
2,676
Female
2,598 78
Total
9,893
38
111
531
102
2,606
2,545
5,151
3,281
145
3,426
Debarred:
Male
86
3
8
'
8
2
1
1
2
3
2
3
2
4
3
Total
89
8
2
8
3
1
?.
3
5
2
7
Housewives without other occu-
3,186
884
5
8
9
16
5
4
7
929 1
299 1
929
299
2,230
577
2,230
577
Cmldren under 16 without occu-
Came from:
9,982
2, 519 2. 536
5,055 3,281
8 2
147
3,^
Canada
46
' 4
19
17
48
4
3"
4
Mexico
113
19
20
539
"ios"
1
1
2
Other countries
52 2
Resided in continental United
States:
After Jan 1, 1907
5,056
2
11
19
9
18
4
54
2
2,599
8
2,544
5,143
Total former residents
5,058
11
28
22
56
2,607
2,547
5,154
How related to resident:
Parents ....
164
2,389
880
121
2,314
851
43
75
29
164
2,389
880
Wives
2
1
Total parents, wives, and
3,433
2
1
3,286
147
3,433
Kind of passport:
Limited to United States
Limited to United States and
9,141
573
4
27
24
10
9
69
299
1
144
28
58
1
9
2,510
84
3
10
2,537
10
5,047
94
3
10
3,269
17
147
3,416
17
Unlimitivl
. . . .
'
■
1 Improper passports for admission to continental United States are those held by laborers and limited
' Of the 388 without proper passports, 79 held passports not entithng them to enter the United States
laborers with passports limited to Canada or Mexico; 1 nonlaborer with passport limited to Peru; 4 laborers
not his own; 9 nonlaborers were born in Mexico; 2 nonlaborers with passports issued by Japanese Consul in
composed of 27 nonlaborers and 16 laborers claiming to have lost passports held at time of departure from
sorting seamen; 5 nonlaborers were wives of United States citizens; 1 nonlaborer was a subject of Holland;
Islands; 3 nonlaborers and 56 laborers were stowaways; 1 laborer was a seaman, reshipped foreign; 1 non-
wife of a subject of Norway; 1 nonlaborer enUsted in the United States Na\'y; 1 nonlaborer claimed to have
and 71 laborers are unknown.
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 145
ended June SO, 1921, shoiving various details bearing on the Japanese agreement.
In possession of proper passports.
Without proper
passport.'
With and without
proper passport.
Entitled to passports under
Japanese agreement.
.. > "
ri.
till
iPl
Total with
passports.
,2
1
2
■i
i
§
i2
.a
2
Settled agri-
culturists.
Pl
ill
z
1
s
1
a
«
1
1
1
1
j
i
3
3
H
1
3
3
1,768
10,358
39
7,664
2,733
10,397
69
319
»388
7,733
3,052
10, 785
3
3
1,637
131
6,493
3,855
21
16
3,912
3,746
2,602
125
6,514
3,871
33
28
229
262
28
3,945
3,774
2,831
125
6,776
3 899
3
3
1,768
10, 348
37
7,658
2,727
10,385
61
229
290
7,719
2,956
10,675
7
3
2
3
3
6
9
3
8
89
97
1
11
3
95
1
106
10
2
6 1 6
12
8
90
98
14
96
110
42
20
3,201
3,201
896
3,201
896
18
9
,8
9
3,219
905
3,219
905
1
1,210
21
21
478
38
9,693
31
43
499
92
20
1
U
4
7,010
27
43
496
88
2,703
5
......
8
9,713
32
43
513
96
26
3
35
1
4
243
11
35
25
5
r,
70
26
7,036
30
78
497
92
2,946
16
35
42
13
9 982
' 46
3
3
113
539
■
105
5,143
11
2,599
2,544
5,143
11
10
4
5
2
15
6
2,609
2,549
5
5,158
5,154
2,607 2,547
5,154
14
7
21
2,621
2,554
5,175
. i
1
164
2,389
880
121
2,314
851
43
75
29
164
2,389
121
2.317
851
43
75
29
I
3
3
2,392
880
1
1
1
1
3,433
9,248
947
10
153
18
20
1
3,286
6,564
937
10
153
147
2,702
30
1
3,433
9,266
967
11
153
3
^^
3
3,289
147
3,436
2
2
783
836
6
1
1
143
'
to countries or places other than contimntal United States.
and 309 were without any kind of passport. The 79 holding improper passports were composed of 55
with passports not genuine; 1 laborer and 1 nonlaborer held British passports; 1 nonlaborer with passport
United States; and 4 laborers and 1 nonlaborer were Canadian citizens. The 309 without passport were
Japan; 3 nonlaborers and 11 laborers claiming to have left Japan without passports; 100 laborers were de-
6 nonlaborers were survivors of wrecked ship; 1 nonlaborer, passport not required for visit to the Bahama
laborer was a steward in the United States Navy; 1 nonlaborer was a British subject; 1 nonlaborer was the
his passport stolen in Hawaii; and the circumstances regarding nonpossession of passports by 3 nonlaborers—
70112—21-
-10
146 EEPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table E. — Japanese alien arrivals in continental United States, fiscal year ended
Came from—
In possession of
proper passports.
s
1
a
^
f^
O
Entitled to passports under Japanese
agreement.
Former residents of
the United States.
Parents, wives,
and children of
United States
residents.
1
s
i
1
i
Passports dated during:
Month of arrival
1,597
4,965
1,690
649
335
245
187
45
1
10
2
3
1
3
1
1
30
7
6
.
11
20
29
42
41
339
1
5
20
3
6
2
3
2
52
3
403
.■isfi
959
2,676
795
319
161
100
57
80
7
533
1,689
599
186
90
97
n
18
13
60
23
9
6
4
26
6
546
1,749
622
195
96
101
24
First month preceding ar-
rival
1,197 ' 1.479
Second month preceding ar-
rival
Third month preceding ar-
rival
Fourth month preceding ar-
rival
Fifth month preceding ar-
rival
476
227
110
76
43
70
■
319
92
51
24
14
10
Sixth month preceding ar-
Prior to sixth month preced-
ing arrival, but not before
Mar 14, 1907
1 1 *
5| 2
Occupations mentioned in pass-
ports:
Nonlaboring occupations
644
178
23
3
5
7
36
399
14
100
81
5
10
230
151
2,377 2,396
230
151
4,773
37
3,249
""27"
120
37
27
3,369
Occupations not mentioned
in passports
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION, 147
June SO, 1921, showing various details bearing on the Japanese agreement — Continued.
In possession of proper passports.
Without proper
passport.
With and without
proper passport.
Entitled to passports under
Japanese agreement.
Not entitled to passport: Not former
residents, parents, wives, or chil-
dren of residents, nor settled agri-
culturists—laborers.
Total with
passports.
^
i
1
ij
Settled agri-
culturists.
if
2
■a
S
§
2;
2
1
1
Eh
1
1
J
j
i
100
1 fins;
4
17
3
1
1
1
".
1,036
3,466
1,360
576
309
265
190
451
11
573
1,556
345
101
58
29
41
28
2
1,609
5,022
1,705
677
367
294
231
1
580 5,005
285 1,702
163 677
....|.. -
92
,„,
1
73 230
361 467
5 ' 13
2
2
1
479
13
i|
!
887 1 1.'>4
17
1,154
6,510
■■"266'
2,533
1,154
200
9,043
178
9,026
3
3
881
148 EEPOET OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table F. — Japanese arrivals in Hawaii, fiscal year ended June
Came
from—
In possession of passports.
Entitled to passports under Japanese agreement.
Former residents
of Hawaii.
Parents.wives, and
children of Ha-
waiian residents.
Total entitled to
passports.
Total admitted and de-
barred
Admitted:
Male.-..
Female.
1,810
1,777
1,333
790
Debarred:
Male....
Female.
Housewives without
occupation.
Children under 16 without
occupation ,
Resided in Hawaii:
After Jan. 1, 1907
Prior to Jan. 1, 1907.
649 I 392 1,041
508 I 593 1,101
Total former residents..
How related to resident:
Parents
Wives
Children
1, 157 ! 985 i 2, 142
Total parents,wives,and
children of residents. .
Kind of passport:
Limited to Hawaii
Limited to United States.
Limited to other countries
Passports dated during:
Month of arrival
First mouth preceding
arrival
Second month preceding
arrival
Third month preceding
arrival
Fourth month preceding
arrival
Fifth month preceding
arrival
Sixth month preceding
arrival
Prior to sixth month pre-
ceding arrival, but not
before Mar. 14, 1907
Prior to Mar. 14, 1907
1,322
1,309
1,711
400
Occupations mentioned in
passports:
Nonlaboring occupations.
Laboring occupations
Occupations not men-
tioned in passports
1,323
1,323
210
317
527
240
400
640
53
49
102
14
11
25
9
7
16
9
2
11
2
2
> The 5 apphcants without passports consisted of 1 nonlaborer claiming to be a diplomat; 2 nonlabo'ers,
members of diplomatic party; and 1 nonlaborer, the circumstances regarding nonpossession of passpo rt
aro unknown; and 1 laborer with passport not genuine.
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 149
SO, 19? 1, shomng various details bearing on the Japanese agreement.
In possession of passports.
Without passports.
W ith and \«thout pass-
ports.
Not entitled to pass-
ports: Not former res-
idents, nor parents,
wives, or children
of residents.
Total with passports.
1
J
c3
'A
^
^
1
1
i
1
,
1
145
9
154
i
1,839 i 1,780
3,619
4
1 » 5
1,843
1,781
3,624
109
36
9
118
36
902
928
915
850
1,817
1,778
2
2
2
2
904
930
915
850
1,819
1,780
145 i 9 i 154
1,830 1,765
3,595
4
4
1,834
1,765
3,599
1
2 5
7 j 10
7
17
' '
2
7
6
10
8
17
I
9 15
24
1 1
9
16
5
5
8
496
785
496
785
1
j 1
497
785
497
785
1
649 392
508 593
1,041
1,101
649
508
392
593
1,041
1,101
1,157 1 985
2,142
1,157
985
2,142
16 1 29
225 1 570
296 187
45
795
483
1
1 i 1
16
225
296
30
570
187
795
483
537! 786
1,323
1
1
537
787
1,324
118
3
24
9
127
3
24
1,812 1.780
3,592
3
24
3
24
:.:::
19
71
36
7
8
19
79
36
7
604
833
253
83
710
882
148
2fi
1,314
1,715
401
109
38
26
9
6
1
29 9
10
1
1
1
10
2
24
8
4
1
2
1
2
78
67
9'
78
9
67
289
289
70
3,260
1
70
1,710
1,550
150 RKPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table 1. — Summary of Chinese seeking admission to the United States, filcal years ended'
June 30, 1916 to 1921, by classes.
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
Class alleged.
i
1
<
1
Died.
Admitted.
1
i
1
•a
<
1
i
i
i
1
..
1
1 -8
1 1
955j 29
91 5
418 2
512 28
138 25
305 47
443 1
i
5
1
::
i
ft
1
i
•I
•a
Q
27
1
2
21
i
s
2
i
"1
i
1
47
"'6
4
4
38
4
i
5
4
1
•-
3
I
i
U ni ted St ates
1,932
108
690
859
242
741
301
86
28
105
101
128
6
11
11
5
145
4
1
'"'3
123
1
2 2,018
... 110
... 618
1 691
... 180
... 694
... 223
129
6
6
18
13
121
4
946
132
491
520
129
390
225
41
17
128
147
'34,977
143
7
6
7
8
91
4
3
!
36
1,761
141
320
525
105
644
512
131
28
146
377
10,917
3,239
290
568
702
287
1,316
lie
33
223
717
17 907
T:
Wives of United States
Returning laborers
Returning merchants. .
1
Members of merchants'
47
2
"i
2
22
43
52 - -
48
16
134
280
5,041
1
■"2
11
21
Teachers
... 19
... 72
1 97
17
Officials
Miscellaneous
Granted the privilege
of transit in bond
across land territory
of the United States.
1
192
108
'2
'i'
■■-'--
Total
5.193
437
4'4,774
1
..
38,143
„
1
'
8,381
172
1
115,607
168
.;26,«
404
10
3^
Of these, 28,838 were destined to France for war work.
REPOKT OF COM.MISSIONEK GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 151
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l^slilllllllill
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152 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
1
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2
S
S
i
^
s
s
t^
o
1
g
i
s
u
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•IB^ox
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•siopadsui Xg — m
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>>
1
i
•1
■s^jnoo Xq 1
passinisip sjujVV
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passtuisip siBaddy
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■0361 't ^nr auipuaj '"::::: j : j •
•suoUBoiiddB Max
1.
3
1'
i
1
1
1
>
s
2
O!
>
1
2
>
1
-Is
1
p:
i
1
■c
1
1
l
■Si
?|t
II
1
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1
i
is
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
ft.
1
is
EEPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 153
Table 3. — Chinese claiming American citizenship by birth, or to be the tvives or children
of American citizens, admitted, fiscal year ended June SO, 1921, by ports.
Foreign-
born
wives
of
natives.
Foreign-
born
children
of
natives.
No record
of
departure
(known as
"raw
natives'").
Record of departure
(known as "returning
Status as
native born
determined
byU. S.
Government
previous to
present
application
for admis-
sion.
Status not
previously
determined
Total.
San Francisco, Calif.
Seattle, Wash
New York, N. Y....
Mexican border
Montreal, Canada. . .
Boston, Mass
1,264
237
3
1
532
Total continental United
States
Honolulu, Hawaii
BY WHOM ADMITTED.
Inspection officers.
Department
Courts
276
1,900
161
6
2,027
516
4
29
632
3
3,493
3,290
192
11
Table 4. — Appeals to department from excluding decisions under Chinese-exclusion laws,
Jiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by ports.
Action taken.
Sao
Fran-
Calif!
Seattle,
Wash.
Hono-
lulu,
Hawaii.
Boston,
Maas.
Mon-
treal,
Canada.
New
York,
N.Y.
New
Orleans,
La.
Total.
266
63
20
14
6
7
7*
32
23
9
1
1
1
1
390
Disposition:
Sustained (admitted)
226 1 50
40 1 L^
315
Dismissed (rejected)
75
Table 5. — Disposition of cases of resident Chinese applying for return certificates, fiscal
year ended June SO, 1921.
Class.
Applica-
tions
submitted.
Primary disposition.
Disposition on appeal.
Total
certificates
granted.
Total
certificates
Granted.
Denied.
Sustained.
Dismissed.
finally
refused.
Native bom
Exempt classes...
2,972
1,560
1,283
2,916
1530
1,269
56
30
14
23
14
2
-33
14
8
2,939
1)544
1,271
33
16
12
Total
5,815
5,715 100
39
55
5,754 ; 61
154
REPOBT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table 6. — Action taken in the cases of Chinese persons arrested on the charge of being in
the United States in violation of law, fiscal year ended Jun^SO, 1921.
CASES BEFORE UNITED STATES COMMISSIONERS.
Until order of deportation or discharge:
Arrests 2
Pending before hearing June 30, 1920 1
Total.
Disposition-
Discharged
Pending before hearing June 30, 1921 .
Ordered deported
After order of deportation:
Order deported
Awaiting deportation or appeal June 30,
[ After order of deportation— Continued.
Disposition-
Escaped 2
Deported 14
Awaiting deportation or appeal June
30, 1921 3
Appealed to higher courts 8
CASES BEFORE fflGHER UNITED STATES COURTS.
Until order of deportation or discharge:
Appealed to higher United States courts. 8
Pending before trial June 30, 1920 6
Total.
Disposition —
Deported !
Awaiting deportation or appeal June
30,1921
Appealed to district courts i
CASES BEFORE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURTS.
Until order of deportation or discharge:
Appealed to district courts ;
Pending before trial June 30, 1920 6'
Total.
Disposition-
Died
Discharged
Pending before trial June 30, 1921.. .
Ordered deported
After order of deportation:
Ordered deported
Awaiting deportation or appeal to higher
courts June 30, 1920
Total.
Total.
Disposition—
Discharged
Pending before trial June 30, 1921.
Ordered deported
After order of deportation:
Ordered deported
Awaiting deportation June 30, 1920.
Disposition —
Deported
Awaiting deportation June 30, 1921 . .
RECAPITULATION OF ALL CASES.
Arrests 24
Pending, June 30, 1920, including those await-
ing deportation or appeal 102
Total.
126
Disposition-
Died, escape
Discharged 25
Deported 25
Pending, June 30, 1921, including
those awaiting deportation or ap-
peal 72
SUMMARY OF ACTION TAKEN IN THE CASES OF CHINESE ARRESTED, FISCAL YEAR
ENDED JUNE 30. 1921.
3
<
1
i
1
1
1
1
i
ft
<
i
6
1
1
2
2
3
2
....
11
3
2
3
4
9
1
3
3
6
24
Died, escaped, and forfeited bail
4
Discharged
1
1
1
1
1
2
....i 2
....1 3
4
1
?5
Deported
2
3
?5
1
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
155
Table 7. — Chinese arrested and deported, fiscal years ended' June SO, i917 to 1921, by
jxtdicial districts.
1917
1918
1919
1920
1931
Judicial district.
Ar-
rests.
Depor-
tations.
Ar-
rests.
Depor-
tations.
Ar-
rests.
Depor-
tations.
Ar.
rests.
Depor-
tations.
Ar-
rests.
Depor-
tations.
Delaware
1
Maine
4
1
2
1
Massachusetts .
1
1
3'
1
3
1
8
4
5
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
Rhode Island
......
1
3
Northern New York .
1
18
3
7
1
4
7
3
Southern New York
44
......
13
2
1
15
3
4
2
1
34
8
3
1
Western Pennsylvania
Middle Pennsylvania .
2
3
New Jersey
8
1
2
7
3
1
1
District of Columbia
1
1
J
Southern W est Virginia
1
Middle \labama
1
1
3
3
Southern Mississippi
Eastern Louisiana
2
"Yi
2
^
Eastern Kentucky
2
1
2
1
1
Indiana
2
23
1
9
3
8
1
6
1
15
3
'
5
5
11
1
1
i
3
1
1
2
1
Northern Iowa
4
2
2
1
Nebraska
1
1
1
3
4
::::::::
Wyoming
2
2
1
J
Western Washington
3
2
Oregon
2
1
3
16
1
1
1
3
13
1
1
1
1
Utah..
5
8
2
6
2
9
2
4
1
4
2
t
Southern California
....„
3
i'
2
1
Western Texas
^
1
3
1
1
1
I
Colorado..
1
1
1
2
1
Hawaii
4
3
1
2
2
Total
115
69
104
i\
96
35
31
15
24
25^
156 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
Table 8. — Miscellaneous Chinese transactions, fiscal year ended June 30, 1921, by ports.
Class.
a
03
CO
4
1
1
■3
J
i
1
s
1
o
1
i
1
n
3
3
18
OS
>
M
o
1
>
1
a
1
a
1
i
1
i
t
1
i
i
1
1
United States citizens (Chinese)
admitted
1,846
2,615
'i J
8,269
94
1,364
484
921
20
32
269
397
7
605
170
12
6,677
12
4
288
32
1,244
28
26
1,119
"5
10
90
3 239
Alien Chinese admitted
Alien Chinese debarred
138
37
292
1
8
"4
201
7
"4
13
5:084
296
Chinese granted the privilege
of transit in bond across land
territory of the United States.
Chinese denied the privilege of
transit in bond across land
territory of the United States.
Chinese granted the privilege
508
Chinese denied the privilege of
Chinese laborers with return
certificates departing
Chinese merchants with return
certificates departing
Chinese merchants' wives with
257
834
474
266
4
36
2
376
555
59
7
1
315
1
1
9
9?
1 379
7
1
1
120
1
1
1,297
13
Chinese merchants' minor chil-
dren with return certificates
1
9
Chinese students with return
certificates departing
Chinese teachers with return
certificates departing
Native-born Chinese with re-
turn certificate departing. .. .
26
2
1,470
5
76
2
26
1
g
11
223
2,421
APPENDIX II
REPORT ON SEAMEN'S WORK
157
APPENDIX II.
KEPORT ON SEAMEN'S WORK.
U. S. Department of Labor,
Bureau of Immigration,
Washington, June 30, 1921.
Sir: As the special representative of the Bureau of Immigration
in the supervision of all work relating to alien seamen, I wish, in
submitting my report for the past fiscal year, to devote considerable
space to a discussion of the facts, circumstances, and conditions
which made it necessary to promulgate special regulations for apply-
ing the immigration act of 1917 to the cases of aliens arriving not
as passengers but as employees of vessels engaged in the foreign
trade. This seems to me desirable for several reasons. Almost
immediately upon the practical termination of the war there arose
throughout the country, and especially in governmental circles, a
demand for a return to normal conditions and normal methods.
The impression seems to have gone abroad to some extent, and even
to have prevailed somewhat within the service itself, that the enforce-
ment of special regulations in the case of alien seamen was a war-
time measure and, with the close of the war, should be abolished.
This impression is not altogether unnatural, since the regulations in
question were adopted just about the time that the United States en-
tered the World War; but it is, nevertheless, utterly erroneous. Be-
cause the special regulations failed in some respects to accomplish their
purposes, due to the fact that they were largely of an experimental
nature and had to be evolved gradually through experience into a
more complete system, the opinion has been repeatedly expressed
that such regulations ought to be abandoned altogether — that they
are more trouble to enforce than the results accomplished are worth;
that especially useless is that part of the rule which requires that
alien seamen shall be furnished with cards of identification. The
considerable expense involved in enforcing the regulations has also
been cited as a reason why they should be abandoned altogether or
materially changed. Other angles of attack upon the regulations
might be stated if space permitted.
All of this criticism of tne seamen's rules overlooks the fact that
there are two distinct laws upon the statute books which directly
and importantly affect the cases of alien seamen, and that it is made
the duty of the Department of Labor so to enforce one of these
laws as to give it the best effect possible and at the same time not
to interfere with the enforcement of the other.
The first of these laws, known as the ''seamen's act," was intended
to encourage the establishment of an American merchant marine
by raising the standard of wages and of living among seamen. One
of the principal ways in which this was to be brought about under
the theory of the law was to make the standard of living and wages
obtaining in the United States the standard of the entire world.
159
160 EEPOET OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
This was to be accomplished, the Lawmakers said, first by aboHshing-
old laws and treaties under which the practice had obtained of
arresting and punishing deserting seamen and compelling them under
certain conditions to return to the vessel from which they deserted;
and, secondly, by making it possible for all seamen, American and
alien alike, to leave one vessel and contract for another, freely and
fully, in the ports of this country.
The other law to which I have referred is contained in certain
sections of the immigration act, and relates specifically to alien
seamen. This law is intended to prevent aliens of the inadmissible
classes from using the occupation of seamen as a side door for enter-
ing the country, as has been the practice for years, in spite of exist-
ing immigration laws.
Congress realized, when passing the immigration act a few months
after the passage of the seamen's act, that the situation was one of
great difficulty; one which could not be met successfully by legis-
lation passed in advance, but one which would have to be solved'
in the light of experience. Therefore Congress conferred upon the-
administrative branch a very broad authority to promulgate r^u-
lations. Those regulations became rule 10 of the immigration rules,
which have been modified from time to time, in accordance with the
teachings of experience. There have also been several amendments
to the law itself, and a number of others are still needed to make the-
system satisfactory. But the point which I wish to make is this:
Here are two laws. To a certain extent their purposes conflict, but
the two laws were enacted, and of course are to be enforced; and
regulations or rules are necessary to assist in giving the fullest pos-
sible efi^ect to each law that the provisions of the other will permit,
and of reducing occasions of possible conflict to a minimum. When
the war got under way and the adoption of passport regulations
became an absolute necessity, the Departments of State, Justice, and
Labor, working together, found that rule 10 furnished a very solid
basis on which to build so much of those regulations as would be
applied to seamen. It soon became apparent also that the seamen's
occupation was being used, perhaps more extensively than any other
channel, to violate the passport requirements and to bring into the
United States dangerous enemy aliens. Although the war is over,
and although certain laws have been passed having in view the repeal
of war time legislation, the Attorney General has recently held that a
part of the passport regulations is still in effect, including those
requirements of the passport act and regulations which relate to
incoming seamen as distinguished from those sailing out of our ports.
Of course the time may come, and perhaps very soon, when all
passport requirements will be abolished. But neither that circum-
stance nor the fact that many of those requirements have already
been abolished makes it practicable or desirable to return to a situa-
tion in which no special regulations would be enforced against alien
seamen. The result, on the contrary, will be simply to place the
Immigration Service exactly where it stood when the existing im-
migration law became operative on May 1, 1917, and the provisions
of that law relating to alien seamen must be enforced as fully as
possible, while at the same time the operation of the seamen's act
must not be unduly interfered with. It is conceded that this is a
difficult but not an impossible situation.
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 161
CREW LISTS.
In the preceding year administrative fines amounting to $74,5G0
wore imposed on tlie various steamship Unes by reason of the failure
of the masters of arriving vessels to present proper crew lists, and
for negligence in reporting changes in the personnel of alien crews
prior "to departure. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 1921,
administrative fines imposed on the various steamship lines for viola-
tions of section 36 amounted to $45,700.
The decrease in the number of fines imposed during the present
fiscal year as compared with the preceding year indicates a rnarked
improvement in the observance of the law and can be attributed
largely to the following reasons: (a) The instructions issued by the
State' Department to American consuls to withhold bills of health
until such time as the masters presented crew lists form 680 for visa,
this form to contain the names of all- aliens ernployed on board ; (6)
the additional notation printed on the reverse side of form 680 advis-
ing masters that in no instance should the lists be taken from the
vessel; and (c) finally, a systematic effort on the part of the various
lines to furnish the masters in their employ with all available infor-
mation regarding the requirements of the law as to the entrance and
clearance of vessels to and from ports of the United States.
In view of the foregoing, it is apparent that the steamship com-
panies, realizing that the department intended to adhere to a strict
enforcement of the law, found it would be to their interests to insist
that the masters of arriving vessels observe the provisions of the
immigration law, with the result that the penalties for the present
fiscal year have been greatly reduced by their improved cooperation
with the officers of the Immigration Service at the various ports.
ISSUANCE OF SEAMEN'S IDENTIFICATION CARDS,
It was recognized from the beginning that means must be found
whereby alien seamen who might be entitled under the immigration
laws to remain here permanently should be distinguished from those
entitled to enter the United States merely in pursuit of their calling
and who, if they attempt to remain here permanently, should be
arrested and deported if either the immigration or Chinese-exclusion
laws are to be given practical effect. Experience repeatedly has
demonstrated that the seamen's occupation is a wide-open door
through which unlawful entries can be effected. The immigration act
of 1917 placed in the law for the first time a literacy test, and it was
realized that this feature of the law alone, without considering other
additional restrictions, would greatly increase the number of aliens
seeking to enter through this wide-open door. Now that the quota
method of exclusion is in operation, the temptation to seek the wide-
open door is again multiplied. The trouble with the card system does
not, it is believed, arise out of any inherent defect, but arises rather
from the fact that the method has not been fully applied — that the
scheme has not been carried out in its entirety. This has been due
in part to the lack of appropriation and an inadequate force of offi-
cers, and in part to the fact that the passport regulations were en-
grafted in rule 10 of the immigration regulations.
With the discontinuance of the passport regulations and with an
adequate force of inspectors, the card method can be put into effect
70112—21 11
162 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
as originally intended, in which event it is believed that the results
will clearly demonstrate the desirability and practicability of this
system of seaman control.
The argument in favor of the card system is as follows : Alien sea-
men who are not entitled to enter the United States permanently
are nevertheless entitled to enter temporarily in pursuit of their call-
ing; those seamen must be identified in some clear manner, and their
identification must be made a matter of official record if they are to
be prevented from doing more than the law allows by remaining here
permanently; no other method of identification has ever been sug-
gested or seems feasible; therefore a card of identification bearing a
complete description has been used; and a duplicate of that card
must be kept in such manner as to be available in the event that
the alien holding the original destroys it, hoping thereby to destroy
the means the Government has adopted for his identification if he
violates the law. It must be obvious to anyone familiar with the
immigration and Chinese-exclusion acts that alien seamen should not
be allowed to enter this country in pursuit of their calling unless some
method is adopted for their identification whereby their cases can
be followed up and violators of the law expelled from the country.
As soon as someone devises a better method than the identificatioii
card system contemplated by rule 10 such method should be adopted,
but uiitil it is devised and adopted the existing method should be
kept in full force and effect.
Another beneficial result of the identification card system, is the
simplification of examination under the immigration law of alien sea-
men. It was believed when the system was adopted that the vast
majority of seamen coming regularly to ports in this country would
carry upon their persons the identification cards and could be passed
by the immigration inspectors instantly on board the vessels. The
abnormal conditions arising out of the war have interfered somewhat
with the realization of these expectations. With the return to a
normal situation now being effected there is no reason why a con-
tinuance of the system should not produce the effect mentioned.
When the great rnajority of seamen coming to our ports liold iden-
tification cards, the labor of issuing cards will be confined practi-
cally to seamen entering the vocation for the first time. The writer
has suggested in previous reports that supplies of blank cards be
placed in the hands of American consuls for delivery to masters of
vessels at the time of clearance so that much of the detail prepara-
tion of cards and photographs might be attended to before the vessel
arrives in the United States.
In view of the fact that a doubt existed as to whether the act of
March 3, 1921, repealing certain war-time measures, included within
its scope the act of May 22, 1918, and the Executive order of August
18, 1918, the Attorney General rendered an opinion, reading in part
as follows:
While neither passports nor permits are required for the departiire of aliens from
the United States, executive regulations governing the entry of aliens which were
prescri])ed pTirauant to the act of Mav 22, 1918, are in force, including the provisions
of section 10 (a) of the Executive order of August 8, 1918, concerning the issuance of
identity cards to alien seamen entering the United States
It is therefore obvious that the practice which now prevails should
be continued.
KEPOKT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 163
EEMOVAL OF DISEASED SEAMEN TO HOSPITAL FOR TREATMENT.
l^arlior in this report it has been shown that tlie law is in some
respects not adequate to meet the serious possibihties for evasion
and violation of the immigration regulations through the use of the
seamen's occupation. The law has already been amended in one
very important respect, to wit, with regard to the removal and treat-
ment of diseased alien seamen at the expense of the vessel on which
they are employed at the time of arrival. This was accomplished in
the act of December 2t), 1920. This act provided the service with
the absolutely essential authority to compel the hospitalization of
alien seamen who by reason of their phj^sical condition are a menace
to the public health.
It is just as much a menace to the health of this country for dis-
eased aliens to land even temporarily from freight vessels as it is for
them to land from passenger vessels. An alien who enters the
country unlawfully in the guise of a seaman is just as obnoxious as
one who enters in any other unlawful manner, and the methods of
accomplishing and. the time allowed in which to accomplish his
arrest and expulsion should be the same as in the cases of other
aliens. The only exception relates to such cases as are apprehended
within the period of three years from the date of their entry on the
ground of entry without inspection, which should be handled in the
special manner indicated in paragraph (a) of subdivision 9 of rule 10.
Since the passage of the act approved September 26, 1920, the
department and the bureau have experienced no serious difficulty in
applying the provisions of the act in cases of vessels of American
registry, except those operated under the control and direction of
the United States Shipping Board. But if these vessels are to be
excepted diseased alien seamen may sail in and out of ports of the
UnitQd States with impunity, while the medical examination of such
seamen will serve no sufficient purpose and may as well be abandoned.
The department has construed the act in question as applicable
to all vessels that are engaged in foreign commerce, and neither
shipping-board vessels nor vessels of American registry privately
owned are exempt from the payment of all hospital expenses incurred ■
on account of diseased alien seamen employed on such vessels at the
time of arrival. The broad and inclusive language of the act so
indicates and the Acting Solicitor of the Department of Labor has
recently rendered an exhaustive opinion on the subject, his con-
clusion being that the act applied to all aliens who are seamen, the
registry of the vessel on which the alien arrives being wholly imma-
terial. It is to be noted also that the department's construction of
the term "alien seaman" has been upheld in two recent decisions of
the United States District Courts. The department's construction
is in effect that the term applies to alien seamen employed on vessels
of American registry as \vell as those employed on foreign vessels.
But, after all is said, we can not escape the conclusion that the
proper and satisfactory enforcement of the law is contingent upon
two factors, to wit, the provision of adequate hospital facilities at
the various ports, and the employment of a sufficient number of
medical officers to permit of the visual inspection of all arriving alien
seamen. These are the conditions which must be met if the law is
to have reasonable force and. effect. That the public welfare de-
mands such enforcement of the law is not to my mind open to question.
164 BEPORT OF COMMISSIONER (JENERAL OF IMMIGRATION.
ALIENS EMPLOYED ON COASTWISE VESSELS.
Section 4511 of the Revised Statutes makes it compulsory to sign
on crews before United States shipping commissioners on vessels
proceeding from an Atlantic coast port to a Pacific coast port or
vice versa.
Under section 4504 of the Revised Statutes owners, agents, con-
signees, or masters of vessels are granted the privilege of signing on
their own crews when the vessels are engaged in coastwise trade.
With a view to preventing so far as possible the practice of alien
seamen, temporarily landed for the purpose of reshipping foreign,
being signed on coastwise vessels and thereby gaining unlawful
admission to the United States, the writer held a conference with
representatives of the Department of Commerce, as the result of
which that department addressed a circular letter of instructions to
United States shipping commissioners to the following effect:
Until otherwise instructed, yon may refrain from signing Chinese on vessels destined
from an Atlantic port to a Pacific port or vice versa, unless they have Iwen duly
admitted, pursuant to the laws and treaties of the United States regulating the immi-
gration of aliens, the evidence of such admission to lie a document duly signed by an
immigration oflicial that they have been examined under the Chinese-exclusion
and immigration laws and have been lawfully admitted into the United States.
Since the instructions above quoted apparently referred only to
Chinese and not to other alien seamen, the matter has again been
taken up with the Department of Commerce to have the above
instructions made to include all aliens who are not in possession of
a document duly signed by an immigration official showing that
they have been regularly examined and have been admitted into the
United States on the payment of head tax.
SOME INTERESTING STATISTICS.
Although shipping like other business has been at low ebb during
the year, still the figures concerning the seamen's work are large and
significant. Seamen employed on vessels engaged in foreign trade
have been examined at our ports to the number of 1,139,339. Of
these 18S,967 were furnished with identification cards; 6,331 were
certified by the Public Health surgeons to be afflicted with one of
more of the diseases or disabilities enumerated in section 35 of the
act of February 5, 1917, and fines amounting to $48,725 were
imposed against the vessels for violations of sections 32, 35, and 36.
Important details with regard to the figures are shown in the
following tables:
REPORT OF COMMISSIONER GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION. 165
New York....
Boston
Philadelphia
Baltimore
Norfolk
Jacksonville
New Orleans
Galveston
San Francisco
Portland, Oreg
Seattle
Southern California ports. . .
Chicago
Cleveland
Montreal (other lake ports) .
Porto Rico
Honolulu
Total.
Vessels
boarded.
Alien
seamen
examined.
26, 470 1, 139,
Seamen's
cards
issued.
men cer- Alien sea-
tified for I men re-
loathsome I moved to
or dan-
gerous con-
tagious
hospital
for treat-
ment.
68,000
11,279 I
12,360
13,500 !
26,5S6 :
8,057 I
14,223 I
18,526 I
7,824
1,932
3,525
865
197
56
1,431
575
31
872
207
409
521
2,327
596
951
336
39
5
48
2
610
177
405
323
1,418
596
951
301
24
5
48
2
188,967
Administrative fines against transportation lines on account of violation of sections of
immigration act relating to alien seamen.
Disrict.
Section.
Number
assessed.
Amount
of fine.
Total
amount
Cause of assessment.
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
35
36
36
36
36
915
98
166
167
1,931
411
334
6
95
393
45
8
$10
10
10
10
10
10
10
50
10
10
10
10
10
«9, 150
980
1^670
19,310
4,110
3,340
300
950
3,930
450
80
70
Do.
Philadelphia
Do.
Do.
Norfolk
Do.
Do.
New Orleans
Do
Do.
Bringing diseases aUen seamen.
San Francisco
Seattle
Do.
Do.
Alaska
Porto Rico.
36 j 7
Do
Total
4. 576
46,000
FINES IMPOSED IN COURT PROCEEDINGS FOR VIOLATIONS OF SEC. 32.
Baltimore
New Orleans
Galveston
32 i
32 1
32
11
1 1
2 ;
$200 1
275 i
250 1
$2,200
275
250
Failure to detain diseased seamen.
Do.
Do.
Total . .
14 ^..
1
2,725
The duties incidental to tlie enforcement of those provisions of law
relating to alien seamen call for a high degree of intelligence, tact,
and judgment on the part of the individual officer, and a practical
degree of cooperation on the part of all concerned. That these con-
ditions have in general been met is a matter of record. I wash to
express my appreciation of the good work performed both by the
medical officers of the Public Health Service and by the officers of
the Immigration Service.
Jeremiah J. Hurley,
Special Representative on Seamen's Worlc.
Hon. W. W. Husband,
Commissioner General.
o
■K
3 9999 06351 981 1
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