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F ILLINOIS 


507 
FAO 


|930-41 


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PUBLICATIONS 


OF 


FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL 
BES lon Y 


REPORT SERIES 
VOLUME XII 


mA ne 1c 

aS ‘c LIBRARY OF IHE 

£5 AG ESS DS iit 

4” NATURAL ee 

& HISTORY 21 1QA9 
JUL eV iv” 


t<~Z 


JNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 


CHICAGO, U.S.A. 
1939-1941 


ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 


TO THE 


BOARD OF TRUSTEES 


FOR THE YEAR 1939 


MU 
Ge of SB 
A” NATURAL 
R, HISTORY | 


Bi ere eee 


teessesescessli teen eet! SELEEESSLS = 
FOUNDED BY ae Ca aon FIELD 
? 1893 
CHICAGO 


THE LIBRARY OF THE 


JUL 12 1940 


UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 


a REPORT SERIES 

ie FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
ss VOLUME 12, NUMBER 1 

re Ba (i Si87 JANUARY, 1940 

ly 


PUBLICATION 468 


Saat) J0 ALIBWEAIAE 
IML 40 
AMVESIT SHE 


; 


ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 


TO THE 


BOARD OF TRUSTEES 


FOR THE YEAR 1939 


a NATURAL 
UES AeOMRSy4 


THE LIBRARY OF THE 


JUL 12 1940 


UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 


REPORT SERIES 
FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 


VOLUME 12, NUMBER 1 
JANUARY, 1940 


PUBLICATION 468 


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CONTENTS 

Miporriates. ... . : he 28) oA cr re _ 
acer trustees and Committees, 1989.......... 9 
Former Members of the Board of Trustees ........ 10 
SP NCEESMERC hgh Sa Pa ce St we see cee ee CULL 
CE Me ber Shy Mette oe Yi 12 
muita James Simpson. ....-....+...... «44 
Seamgememrme Pirector . . 2 ee ee 5 
Mewagment of Anthropology ..... -.....+..., 40 
Meesetainent of botany a0 25. 6 Soe RS oe Se. 8S 
ieerarmentol Geology... . =. - 2 $0. 2 2 62.2 ees (69 
Department of Zoology .... age ek eee ce ae eee a2 
iNew. Harms Public School Extension . .... °... 94 

James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation for 
Public School and Children’s Lectures ........ 98 
MBIT NOIEES cy Be te, Sa ee ee eso, 104 
mene CLHTC LOUTS).. .2 c0 6s a be ee Ss ee 105 
aN Cr eg se Yo I So Ey ee, Pa eee 2 106 
Reauesionsiand Printine = {6 sis ky) aiiie o eime ees 109 
Baoooraphy and Gllustration i... 2.0.9. . 23 t-<0% a TAS 
PEPMIBEVEIATIONS. 6200.05. eS os Se ee ae ks 114 
Membership pe ALU RY ee eh mr oe an a a IT 
Comparative Attendance Statistics and Door Receipts . . 118 
Comparative Financial Statements ......... eS 
MERMMESIENCCESSONS ecS ae. ee. Be ey a - 120 
MEEEStOL MNCORPOtAbION ;) 0 4< % 660s Boe es GS ee 13% 
PepEtMOECMISY-ISAWS Wut so 2s Seco ye Se eek eh we Wee 139 
Cae el AN see eae! foe alfa a. oe 145 
em IRON Stee eh Ae ke es ys hk Yo AAS 
Bemmerary Members... 22. . 2. es: 145 


6 CONTENTS 


List of Members—Continued rack 
RGR Loree Sicha <<. SER ae lll 145 
Corresponding Members ..............-. 146 
Contributors .........2.2+s +. © =e 
Corporate Members ....... 0 ee + nn 
bate Members .*.. 5 1s. 6 kta eee — tt 
Non-Resident Life Members so 0 te we + oe 
Associate Members ............ - +» « MOF 
Non-Resident Associate Members... . . - »! 
Sustaining Members ........ a 


Annual Members . ae > ne 164 


LIST OF PLATES 


FACING 
PAGE 


Retr eNIMECLO SF Re ee Rome Moderns. 3 
SPMESESITIPSOM eo 4 ee ee ee 14 
Peat otiousedauring Excavation... 2 2... 5 2. 32 
mernanein Ancient China . .. 2. 20s «4 4+ 6 oss 48 
Mmaoism\Voodland Scene.) 4.2 Go. 2 2 2 yy 2 ee. 54 
. Primitive Olive Oil Press in Northern Africa ..... . 58 
mrmtchea Sections of Meteorites .-. ......6:... 70 
memaintion of the Camel . 2. 2 20. 8 ok ee ee ae 
MeISHIMEORVStAlS <6 Sia 8 ee he le Hn Bie te 
_ 187) (CHOU CII RRs Coane eee aera cAny ves MAbs a rae 92 
© DILETSEES +, oli US UA a oat aan ae oe ea RPL ORI Mane 100 
. Portable Natural History Exhibit for Chicago Schools 


Prepared by the N. W. Harris Public School Extension . 108 


OM 


yiveti? 
PPT AE UTE ERYTE! 
Pvt 
= | 
— ® 
i Ss 


OFFICERS, TRUSTEES AND COMMITTEES, 1939 


President 
STANLEY FIELD 


First Vice-President Second Vice-President 
ALBERT A. SPRAGUE JAMES SIMPSON* 
Third Vice-President Secretary 
ALBERT W. HARRIS CLIFFORD C. GREGG 


Treasurer and Assistant Secretary 
SOLOMON A. SMITH 


BOARD OF TRUSTEES 


LESTER ARMOUR CHARLES A. MCCULLOCH 
SEWELL L. AVERY WILLIAM H. MITCHELL 
WILLIAM McCorMIcK BLAIR GEORGE A. RICHARDSON 
LEOPOLD E. BLOCK THEODORE ROOSEVELT 
WALTER J. CUMMINGS FRED W. SARGENTT 
ALBERT B. DICK, JR. JAMES SIMPSON* 
JOSEPH N. FIELD SOLOMON A. SMITH 
MARSHALL FIELD ALBERT A. SPRAGUE 
STANLEY FIELD SILAS H. STRAWN 
ALBERT W. HARRIS ALBERT H. WETTEN 
SAMUEL INSULL, JR. JOHN P. WILSON 
COMMITTEES 


Executive—Stanley Field, Albert W. Harris, Charles A. McCulloch, 
James Simpson,* Albert A. Sprague, Marshall Field, Silas H. 
Strawn, John P. Wilson. 


Finance.—Albert W. Harris, Solomon A. Smith, James Simpson,* 
John P. Wilson, Albert B. Dick, Jr., Leopold E. Block. 


Building.—Charles A. McCulloch, Samuel Insull, Jr., William H. 
Mitchell, Leopold E. Block, Joseph N. Field. 


Auditing.—James Simpson,* Fred W. Sargent,t George A. 
Richardson. 
Pension.—Albert A. Sprague, Sewell L. Avery, Solomon A. Smith. 


* DECEASED, 1939 
+ RESIGNED, 1939 


FORMER MEMBERS 
OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES 


GEeorRGE FE. ADAMS* 
OWEN F. ALprs* . 
ALLISON V. ARMOUR 
EDWARD E. AYER* 

Joun C. BLack* 

M. C. BuLLocKk* 

Dante. H. BuURNHAM* 
Georce R. Davis* 
James W. ELtswortu* 
CHARLES B. FARWELL* 
FRANK W. GUNSAULUS* 
Eni. G. Hirscu* 
CHARLES L. HUTCHINSON* 
Joun A. Rocue* . 
MARTIN A. RYERSON* 
EpWIN WALKER* 


WATSON F. BLarr* | | 


Wituiam J. CHALMERS* 


HARLOW N. HIGINBOTHAM® . 


HUNTINGTON W. JACKSON* 
ARTHUR B. JoNES* 
GEORGE MANIERRE* 
NORMAN B. ReAM* 
NORMAN WILLIAMS* : 
Cyrus H. McCormick* 
MARSHALL Frevp, Jr.* 
FREDERICK J. V. Skirr* 
Greorce F. Porter* 
Ricuarp T. Crane, Jr.* 
JOHN BARTON PaYNe* 
CHAUNCEY KEEP* 
HENRY FIeLp* . 
WILLIAM WRIGLEY, Jr.* 
Joun BORDEN 

JAMES SIMPSON* 

Harry E. BYRaM 
Ernest R. GRAHAM* 

D. C. Davigs*. _ . 
CHARLES H. MARKHAM* 
Freperick H. Rawson* 
STEPHEN C. Stums* 
Wituiam V. KELLEY* . . 


. 1893-1917 


1893-1910 
. 1894-1928 
. 1894-1938 
. 1894-1919 


1907-1916 


1908-1912, 1921-1931 
. 1910-1911 


. 1915-1929 


1916-1917 
1919-1931 


. . 1920-1938 


> 6 s es Shey + 1608 


1920-1939 


. 1921-1928 


1921-1936 


FORMER OFFICERS 


Presidents 


EDWARD FE. AYER* . ae 
HARLOW N. HIGINBOTHAM* . 


First Vice-Presidents 


MARTIN A. RYERSON* 


Second Vice-Presidents 


NORMAN B. REAM* . 
MARSHALL FIELD, JR.* 
STANLEY FIELD. 
WATSON F. Buair* . 
JAMES SIMPSON* 
ALBERT A. SPRAGUE 


Third Vice-Presidents 


ALBERT A. SPRAGUE 
JAMES SIMPSON* . 


Secretaries 


RALPH METCALF . 
GEORGE MANIERRE* 
FREDERICK J. V. SKIFF* 


Dl Cop LUANG DIS aI eR Re 


PREMIO Keg Vi OKIRR ®t. is, tsb hd sees cline dat 
MEE MPDVAVING © 2st) eg he Mt MPS os Ae 


STEPHEN C. SImMMs* 


* DECEASED 


11 


. 1894-1898 
. 1898-1908 


. 1894-1932 


. 1894-1902 
. 1902-1905 
. 1906-1908 
= 1909-1928 
- 1933-1939 
. 1929-19382 


. 1921-1928 
- 1929-1932 


5) a een! 
. 1894-1907 
2 1907-1924 


1921-1928 
1928-1937 


1894-1914 


1893-1921 
1921-1928 
1928-1937 


LIST OF STAFF 


DIRECTOR 
Cutrrorp C. Greece 


DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY 
Pau. S. MARTIN, Chief Curator 
HENRY Fie.p, Curator, Ph | Anthro 
A.nert B. Lewis, Curator, Melanesian Eth 
Witrrip D. Hamaty, Curator, African Eth 
C. MARTIN Wi.aur, Curator, Chinese A and 
EpNA HORN MANDEL, Associate, Chinese Collections 
RicHarp A. MARTIN, Curator, Near Eastern Archaeology 
A. L. Kroeper, Research Associale, American Archaeology 
MARJORIE KELLY, Associate, Southwestern Archaeology 
JouN RINALDO, Associate, Southwestern Archaeology 
T. GeorGe ALLEN, Research Associate, Egyptian Archaeology 
ROBERT YULE, Assistant, Ardonieee 
Toxumatsu Ito, Ceramic Restorer 


DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY 
B. E. DAHLGREN, Chief Curator 
Pau. C. STANDLEY, Curator, Herbarium 
J. FRANCIS MACBRIDE, Associate Curator, Herbarium 
JULIAN A. STEYERMARK, Assistant Curator, Herbarium 
FRANCIS DROUET, Curator, es Botany 
YN WILLIAMS, Curator, Economic Botany 
SAMUEL J. Recorp, Research Associate, Wood Technology 
A. C. Nof,* Research Associate, Paleobotany 
E. E. SHERFP, Research Associate, Systematic Botany 
Emit SELLA, Chief Preparator, Exhibits 
MILTON CopuULos, Artist-Preparator 


DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY 
HENRY W. NICHOLS, Chief Curator 
ELMER S. Riaes, Curator, Paleontology 
BRYAN PATTERSON, Assistant Curator, Paleontology 
James H. QUINN, Assistant, P ] 
Pau. O. McGrew, Assistant, Paleontology 
SuHarat K. Roy, Curator, Geolog 
HENRY HERPERS, Assistant Curator 
BRYANT MATHER, Assisiant Curator, M ineralogy 


DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY 


Invertebrates 
Epsmonp N. Gueret, Curator, Anatomy and Osteology 
D. Dwicut Davis, Assistant Curator, Anatomy and Osteology 
* Decmasmen, 1939 
+ Resienen, 1939 
12 


TAXIDERMISTS 


JULIUS FRIESSER C. J. ALBRECHT 

eee RAY: LEON L. WALTERS 

W. E. EIGSTI JOHN W. MOYER 
ASSISTANT TAXIDERMISTS 

EpGAR G. LAYBOURNET FRANK C. WONDER 


FRANK H. LETL, Preparator of Accessories 


DEPARTMENT OF THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION 


JOHN R. MILLAR, Curator 
A. B. WoucorTt, Assistant Curator 


THE LIBRARY 
EmiLty M. Wiucoxson, Librarian 
Mary W. BAKER, Associate Librarian 
REGISTRAR AUDITOR 
HEnrY F. DITZEL BENJAMIN BRIDGE 
WARREN FE. RAYMOND, Assistant Registrar 
A. L. STEBBINS, Bookkeeper 


RECORDER—IN CHARGE OF PUBLICATION DISTRIBUTION 
ELsig H. THOMAS 
PURCHASING AGENT THE BOOK SHOP 
ROBERT E. BRUCE NOBLE STEPHENS, Manager 
THE JAMES NELSON AND ANNA LOUISE RAYMOND FOUNDATION 
FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL AND CHILDREN’S LECTURES 
MARGARET M. CORNELL, Chief 
MIRIAM Woop LEoTA G. THOMAS 
MARIE B. PABST ELIZABETH HAMBLETON 
LOREN P. Woops 
PUBLIC RELATIONS COUNSEL 
H. B. HARTE 


PAUL G. DALLWIG, the Layman Lecturer 


DIVISION OF MEMBERSHIPS 
PEARLE BILINSKE, in charge 


DIVISION OF PRINTING 
DEwEY S. DILL, in charge 


EDITORS AND PROOFREADERS 
LILLIAN A. Ross DAVID GUSTAFSON 


DIVISIONS OF PHOTOGRAPHY AND ILLUSTRATION 
C. H. CARPENTER, Photographer CARL F. GRONEMANN, IIlustrator 
A. A. MILuER, Collotyper 
CLARENCE B. MITCHELL, Research Associate, Photography 


STAFF ARTIST 
ARTHUR G. RUECKERT 


GENERAL SUPERINTENDENT 
W. H. CORNING 
JAMES R. SHOUBA, Assistant Superintendent 
CHIEF ENGINEER 
WILLIAM FE. LAKE 


CAPTAIN OF THE GUARD 


E. S. ABBEY 
+ RESIGNED, 1939 


13 


JAMES SIMPSON 


January 26, 1874—November 25, 1939 
Elected a Trustee November 19, 1920 


On November 25, 1939, in the death of James Simpson, Field 
Museum lost one of its Trustees, whose services extended from 
November 19, 1920, to the date of his death, and one who had, 
both in service and in contributions, been in the front rank. 


James Simpson served the Museum for many years, not only 
as a member of the Finance and Auditing Committees, but also as 
a Vice-President. He was a Patron and an Honorary Member. 
The Simpson Theatre, in the Museum building, was constructed 
as a result of his munificent contribution, and will, as long as the 
building stands, be a memorial to his generosity and good work, 
as will also the exhibit of Marco Polo sheep, which group was 
obtained by an expedition financed by him. 

The preceding lines are merely the bald facts concerning James 
Simpson's service to Field Museum, for in all the years of his trustee- 
ship he regarded his work as a bounden duty or service, and a service 
that was rendered quietly and without any ostentation, but in the 
most effective manner. 

His advice and counsel were always sought by the members of 
any committee of which he was a member, and were always given 
after the matter had been weighed and studied by him. One of 
his outstanding contributions of service is shown in the Pension 
Plan adopted only last year by the Museum, and the sound condition 
of the Museum’s funds and investments are in a large measure due 
to his untiring thought and advice as to those investments. ; 

James Simpson's place cannot be filled, and this Board, with 
whom he has served these many years, will always miss him. As a_ 
tribute to his memory the Board directs that this memorial be entered — 
on the records of this meeting and that the expression of their deep 
sympathy and their gratitude for their memories be expressed to 
his family. 
Currrorp C. Greae, Secretary STANLEY Fie.p, President 


December 18, 1939 Joun P. WILSON 
A. A. SPRAGUE 


Field Museum of Natural History Reports, Vol. 12, Plate 2 


JAMES SIMPSON 


January 26, 1874-November 25, 1939 


ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 
1939 


To the Trustees of Field Museum of Natural History: 


I have the honor to present a report of the operations of the 
Museum for the year ending December 31, 1939. 


The year 1939 stands out as a year of great accomplishment at 
Field Museum. Particular emphasis was given to matters within 
the organization. Outstanding was the establishment of a pension 
plan which will provide in future for the automatic retirement of 
employees as they come to the established pension ages, 65 years 
for men and 60 for women. Each employee will contribute approxi- 
mately 4 per cent of his annual salary to the pension fund, which 

sum will be more than matched by the Museum’s contribution. 
| Annual income received by each retiring employee will be approxi- 
mately 11% per cent of the total salary earned while a member 
of the pension plan. Supplementing this benefit for future service, 
additional annual income after retirement has been provided in the 
amount of one per cent of all past salaries received from Museum 
| service prior to the inception of the pension plan. The plan includes 
only those employees who have not already passed normal retire- 
ment ages. Special provision is being made for those beyond the 
age of eligibility so that they may be retired upon their own appli- 
/eations. While the pension plan had been under consideration for 
| many years, the expense was heretofore an insurmountable barrier, 
“especially the cost of the pensions for accrued past service. 
| Through the gift of Mr. Marshall Field, a Trustee of the Museum 
‘who has long been interested in the institution and the welfare of 
| its employees, the plan has been set in operation with accrued 
liabilities paid in full. It is perhaps needless to say that the announce- 
ment of the plan was received with unanimous approval by the 
employees of the institution. 


| Appreciation of the Museum by the public is evidenced by the 
1 year’s attendance, which totaled 1,410,454 persons, an increase of 
almost 19,000 over the previous year. Paid admissions, however, 
declined more than 8 per cent. During 1939 only 5.9 per cent of 
the visitors at Field Museum paid admission, compared with 6.6 
_ per cent in 1938, and 7.3 per cent in 1937. Steadily decreasing rates 
_ of return from investments, and some degree of fear for the future 
on the part of citizens, resulting in fewer contributions, combine to 


15 


16 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—ReEports, VOL. 12 


make the financial administration of this Museum and other institu 
tions similarly supported an increasingly difficult problem. A recent 
decision of the Illinois Supreme Court invalidated the so-called 
“Museums Act” which brought to this institution approximatel; 
$100,000 per year from taxes as a contribution toward its mai 
tenance. A continuation of the splendid educational work, th 
research, and the service of this institution to the public will depend 
to an ever-increasing degree on the realization by the public that the 
institution is operated in their behalf and is worthy of their suppo 


As was noted in the Report for the preceding year, the Museum’ 
influence is not restricted to the visitors coming to the building, but 
is extended far beyond them by extra-mural activities. Contact 
was made with 186,677 children in their schools through lecture 
presented in classrooms and assemblies by members of the staf 
of the James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation fe 
Public School and Children’s Lectures. This Foundation experienced 
one of its years of greatest progress, and deep appreciation is due 
to Mrs. James Nelson Raymond for her continued generous support 
of its activities. The lectures outside the Museum are only part 
of the Foundation’s work. It continued also its spring, summer, 
and autumn series of free educational motion pictures for childrer 
in the James Simpson Theatre of the Museum, conducted mar 
thousands of children on tours of Museum exhibits, and engaged 
in a wide variety of other educational activities, details of which 
will be found elsewhere in this Report. 

Equally important was the continuation of the extra-mural work 
of the N. W. Harris Public School Extension. This Department 
throughout the school year circulates traveling exhibition cz 
on a bi-weekly schedule among all of Chicago's public school: 
and many parochial, private and special schools as well, thus 
peatedly reaching approximately 500,000 children. During 193 
the Harris Extension inaugurated a number of improvements and 
innovations in its service. 

Combining the total number of visitors to the Museum with the 
total of the children reached outside the institution by the Raymond 
Foundation and the Harris Extension, it is found that the Museum’ 
cultural influence was again extended directly to more than 2,000,00€ 
persons. In addition, there was the usual further extension to ir 
calculable numbers reached through less direct media such as radio 
programs, publications and leaflets, and articles in newspape 
and magazines throughout this and many other countries. 


INTRODUCTION iW, 


Attendance at special programs presented in the Museum totaled 
more than 100,000 persons. This figure includes those who attended 
the spring, summer and autumn series of motion pictures for children 
provided by the Raymond Foundation in the Simpson Theatre; the 
audiences at the spring and autumn courses of Saturday afternoon 
lectures for adults in the Theatre; various special groups which used 
the Theatre and Lecture Hall; those participating in the daily guide- 
Jecture tours of exhibits for both children and adults; and groups 
attending the Sunday lecture tours conducted by Mr. Paul G. 
Dallwig, the Layman Lecturer. 


| The Museum attracted many special groups of visitors during 
the year. It was one of three Chicago scientific institutions which 
‘acted as hosts to delegates attending the annual meeting of the 
American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, September 
13-16. Special exhibits for these visitors were arranged at Field 
Museum and at the other host institutions (the John G. Shedd 
Aquarium, and the Chicago Academy of Sciences), and open 
house was held at Locy Hall of Northwestern University. Members 
of the Marquette Geologists’ Association visited Field Museum in 
a body in February, and were conducted through the exhibits by 
Mr. Henry W. Nichols, Chief Curator of the Department of Geology, 
and Assistant Curator Bryant Mather. Several hundred safety 
patrol boys, selected for merit from schools in many communi- 
ties of Illinois and Indiana, were brought to the Museum on May 11 
under the auspices of the Chicago Motor Club, and conducted on 
tours of the exhibits by lecturers of the James Nelson and Anna 
Louise Raymond Foundation. In May the Raymond Foundation 
attained a new all-time record by extending its guide-lecture service 
‘in the Museum to 336 groups, comprising 36,082 individuals. Among 
these were groups from Michigan, Indiana, Wisconsin, Ohio, Kansas, 
‘and Illinois. So many requests were made for this service that 
eighty-nine groups could not be accommodated because all available 
time of the personnel was filled before their applications were made. 


As for many years past, the Raymond Foundation in December 
\ assisted groups of delegates sent to the Museum by the National 
Congress of Four-H Clubs. These groups consisted of 1,018 boys 
‘and girls selected from farms throughout the United States and 
Canada, brought to Chicago for the International Live Stock 
'Exposition. At the Exposition itself, Field Museum, following 
another custom of many years, installed an exhibit of several of the 
portable cases circulated among Chicago schools by the N. W. 


18 Fre.tD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HIsToRY— REPORTS, VOL. 12 


Harris Public School Extension, together with photographs of out- 
standing exhibits in the Museum halls. In September, during the 
national convention of the American Legion, arrangements were 
made whereby Legionnaires and their families were admitted free 
to the Museum upon presentation of special coupons included in 
ticket books for various Chicago attractions distributed by the Legion. 


On January 11, Mr. Stanley Field completed three decades as 
President of the Museum, an office which he has held continuously 
since 1909. At the Annual Meeting of the Board of Trustees, held 
January 16, Mr. Field was again accorded the complete confidence 
of his colleagues by re-election for his thirty-first term as President. 
All other Officers of the Museum who served in 1938 were re-elected 
for 1939. The others are: Colonel Albert A. Sprague, First Vice- 
President; Mr. James Simpson, Second Vice-President; Mr. Albert W. 
Harris, Third Vice-President; Mr. Clifford C. Gregg, Director and 
Secretary; and Mr. Solomon A. Smith, Treasurer and Assistant 
Secretary. 

Mr. Fred W. Sargent was compelled by ill health to tender his 
resignation as a Trustee. This was regretfully accepted at a meeting 
of the Board held June 19. Mr. Sargent had been a Trustee since 
1929, and had rendered valuable services as a member of the Board. 


At a meeting of the Trustees held July 21, four prominent leaders 
in Chicago's civie activities were elected to membership on th 
Board, and as Corporate Members of the Museum. The new 
Trustees are: Mr. Lester Armour, Mr. William McCormick Blair, 
Mr. Walter J. Cummings, and Mr. Albert H. Wetten. They fil 
vacancies caused by deaths and resignations which have 
during a period of more than two years past. Their election brough 
the Board to its full membership of twenty-one, as provided in 
By-Laws, for the first time in many months. Unfortunately, 
situation did not last long—the Museum was deprived of one of i 
most earnest and active Trustees and Officers by the death, 
November 25, of Mr. James Simpson, who was Second Vice-Presiden 
A resolution adopted by the Trustees in tribute to Mr. Simpson wi 
be found on page 14 of this book, preceding the Report proper. 


In recognition of his eminent services to Field Museum, Prof 
Henri Humbert, Director of the Division of Phanerogams at 
Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, in Paris, was elected 
Corresponding Member. Professor Humbert was especially help 
in carrying out Field Museum's project for the photographi 
of type specimens of plants in Europe. He provided the M 


INTRODUCTION 19 


representative, Mr. J. Francis Macbride, Associate Curator of the 
Herbarium, with working quarters, and extended many privileges 
and much valuable assistance which contributed greatly to the 
successful accomplishment of Mr. Macbride’s mission. 


Two names were added during 1939 to the list of Contributors. 
They are Mr. Clarence B. Mitchell, of Chicago, and Mr. Michael 
Lerner, of New York. Mr. Mitchell has devoted much time to a 
notable project in color photography at the Museum, which resulted 
in his appointment to the staff as a volunteer worker with the title, 
Research Associate in Photography. In the course of this work, 
‘Mr. Mitchell has paid considerable sums for equipment and supplies, 
nd for the making of plates for the printing of color pictures. Mr. 
Lerner has presented to the Museum specimens of large and rare 
fishes, caught through the expert angling of himself and Mrs. Lerner 
on various expeditions they have conducted. The specimens fill 
important places in exhibits under preparation for a new hall of fishes. 


No new Life Members were elected during 1939, but two Non- 
Resident Life Members were added to the rolls. They are: Miss 
Mary Louise Clas, of Washington, D.C., and Mr. Emil A. Siebel, 
of Lake Villa, Illinois. 


Lists of all classes of Museum Members will be found in this 
Report, beginning on page 145. On December 31, 1939, the total 
number of memberships was 4,171, which represents a small but 
encouraging increase over the number at the same date in 1938, 
which was 4,122. The Museum is deeply appreciative of all support 
given it by citizens who hold memberships. They are a vital factor 
in the continuance of the Museum’s program for the advancement 
of science and education, and are making a real contribution to the 
promotion of culture in Chicago. 


With regret is noted the death, on April 10, of Dr. Adolf Carl Noé, 
who since 1933 had been Research Associate in Paleobotany on the 
staff of the Museum. Dr. Noé, who was Professor of Paleobotany 
at the University of Chicago, became intensely interested in the work 
of the Museum during the construction by the Department of Botany 
of the Carboniferous forest group in Ernest R. Graham Hall. Dr. 
Noé’s researches and publications in the field of coal formations and 
coal balls are well known to scientists. He placed his collections and 
his scientific knowledge freely at the disposal of the Museum. 
Work proceeded throughout the year on installations of new 
exhibits, and reinstallations and improvements of exhibits installed 
in other years. In each of the departmental reports contained in 


20 FreLD MUSEUM oF NATURAL History—Reports, VOL. 12 


this book there will be found a section giving details of these activities. 
A few of the more important installations deserve special brief 
mention here. 

An entire new exhibition hall, Hall M, was opened in the Dep: 
ment of Zoology. It is devoted to the exhibition of approximately 
2,000 specimens of lower invertebrates, which previously were but 
sparsely represented in the Museum. In the preparation of this hall, 
a new and improved type of lighting was adopted, using the recently 
developed tubular fluorescent lamps, which have notable advan 
for certain types of exhibits. The new lamps provide a be 
diffusion of light, and show the exhibits in their true colors. A 
new group in the Hall of Birds (Hall 20) shows the red grouse of th 
British Isles in a characteristic scene representing the Scottish High- 
lands (Plate 10). This group is of special interest because the bire 
is a prime favorite with sportsmen. 

A notable addition to the Hall of Plant Life (Hall 29) was a 
diorama showing the typical spring flora of the Chicago region. 

Special exhibits displayed in Stanley Field Hall during the yea 
included one during the Easter season of an assortment of especiall 
interesting birds’ eggs, and one of selected specimens from the Bishor 
Collection of Birds, shown for several weeks after the acquisition 
that collection. The exhibit of birds’ eggs attracted so much atter 
tion that it was later transferred to Hall 21 (Systematic Collection 
of Birds) as the nucleus of a permanent exhibit which may be er 
in the future. 

The new type of fluorescent lighting used in Hall M was inst: 
also in Hall 21 (Systematic Collection of Birds), and Hall 30 (Hall of 
Chinese Jade), with excellent results in bringing out the true cole 
and other features of the exhibited specimens. It is planned 
substitute this type of lighting, as conditions permit, in all instz 
tions where case-lighting rather than hall-lighting is used. 

To all those friends of the Museum who made gifts of money 
and of material for the scientific collections and the Library, g 
ful acknowledgment is herewith extended. Among those who cor 
tributed funds during the year are the following: 

Mr. Marshall Field, member of the Board of Trustees, mac 
gifts of cash and securities to the munificent total of $508,771.19 
A large part of his generous contributions was for the purpose of © 
establishing the new Pension Plan for Employees of the Museurr 
to which reference has already been made. The other funds received 
from Mr. Field were given to meet the huge deficit incurred hb 


INTRODUCTION PH 


maintaining the traditional high standards of Museum operation 
and progress in the face of declining income. 

From the estate of the late Martin A. Ryerson the Museum 
received $120,125.44. From the estate of the late Mrs. Carrie 
Ryerson, $27,500 in cash and securities was received, as an addition 
to the sums previously received from this bequest as reported in 1938. 


An anonymous donor turned over to the Museum the sum of 
$30,000 in cash. 

Mr. Stanley Field, President of the Museum, made gifts to the 
Museum totaling $17,239.60, of which part was for the financing of 
expeditions, and part for purchases of much-needed equipment. 


A contribution of $5,000, in addition to the gift reported in the 
1938 Annual Report, was received from Mr. Wallace W. Lufkin. 


From the estate of the late Cyrus H. McCormick the Museum 
received $10,000, resulting from a bequest. 

Gifts totaling $6,000 were received from Mrs. James Nelson 
Raymond for the support of activities of the James Nelson and Anna 
) Louise Raymond Foundation for Public School and Children’s 
: Lectures, which she founded in 1925. 


| Mr. Leon Mandel was the donor of sums totaling $1,200. Mr. 
Clarence B. Mitchell contributed $1,000. Mrs. Clarence C. Prentice 
gave $1,000 for the maintenance of the Leslie Wheeler Fund, desig- 
nated for the purchase of additions to the collection of birds of prey. 
Mr. Boardman Conover contributed $400 toward the expeditionary 
program. 

Under their agreement with the Museum, the Jewish Welfare 
Fund, of Chicago, gave $1,000, and the Emergency Committee for 
_the Aid of Displaced German Scholars gave $750, toward the salary 
| of a scientist employed on the Museum staff through special arrange- 

ments. The balance of this salary is paid from Museum funds. 


Other sums of varying amounts were received as gifts from Mr. 
Carl Colby, Mrs. Hermon Dunlop Smith, Mr. C. R. Harrington, 
_and Mr. Daniel M. Schuyler. 
| The many gifts of material for the collections of the Museum are 
reported upon in detail in the departmental sections of this book, 
and in the complete List of Accessions which begins on page 120. A 
_ few outstanding ones have been selected for mention here, as follows: 
__ The famous Bishop Collection of more than 50,000 North Ameri- 
can birds, one of the largest and most important collections ever 
| assembled, was acquired by purchase with funds made available by 


22 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—ReEports, VOL. 12 


a donor who desires to remain anonymous. This great collection 
was the last of its kind which had not passed to a public institution. 
It includes representatives of nearly all known forms of birds found 
in every section of North America north of Mexico. The collection 
represents forty years of constant and intensive effort on the part 
of its former owner, Dr. Louis B. Bishop, of Pasadena, California, 
and numerous professional ornithologists who have been associated 
with him at various times. Among especially important items in 
the collection are eleven type specimens, and a number of representa- 
tives of species now extinct, as well as other species which have 
become very rare and difficult to obtain. Prior to the acquisition 
of this collection, Field Museum's efforts in ornithological research 
were devoted principally to the birds of Central and South America, 
Africa, and other foreign localities. The North American field had 
been left largely to other institutions, although Field Museum did 
have a collection which was extensive enough to be regarded as 
important. Addition of the Bishop Collection fills a large gap in 
the collections of birds, and gives this institution one of the most 
comprehensive North American bird collections either in this country 
or abroad. This is of tremendous importance to scientists and 
students of ornithology, because of the unusual research opportuni- 
ties it affords. A detailed knowledge of North American birds is 
fundamental to all ornithological research in evolution, variation, 
and all theoretical fields of biology. 

A notable gift was that of eleven pieces of ancient bronze movable 
type, cast in Korea but made to print Chinese characters (Plate 4), 
from Mr. Thomas E. Donnelley, of Chicago. Mr. Donnelley pre- 
sented also thirty-three pieces of old wooden type. 

Mr. Michael Lerner, of New York, who in the past has made 
noteworthy contributions to the fish collections, continued his 
generous co-operation with the Museum in 1939 by providing the 
means for the making of special color films and slides needed for 
the preparation of a habitat group. 

From the Department of Botany of the University of Chicago, 
Field Museum received a gift of more than 2,200 herbarium speci- 
mens. These represent a notable reference collection assembled by the 
late Professor A. C. Noé, who, in addition to his position on the uni- 
versity faculty, was Research Associate in Paleobotany on the Mu- 
seum staff. The collection includes important plants from many parts 
of the world, and forms a most valuable addition to the Herbarium 
of Field Museum. 


INTRODUCTION 23 


Again, as in many past years, the Chicago Zoological Society, 
John G. Shedd Aquarium, Lincoln Park Zoo, and General Biological 
Supply House contributed frequently and generously to the collec- 
tions of the Department of Zoology. Many specimens were obtained 
also through the use of money made available by the Leslie Wheeler 
Fund and the Emily Crane Chadbourne Fund. 


Other notable contributions to the collections of the Museum 
were received from Dr. Henry Field, Mr. Stanley Field, Dr. Wilfred 
H. Osgood, Dr. Earl E. Sherff, Mr. Hermann C. Benke, Dr. S. M. 
Lambert, Mr. Paul C. Standley, Mr. Loren P. Woods, Dr. Julian A. 
Steyermark, Dr. Paul S. Martin, and Mr. Clifford C. Gregg. 


From the Chicago Park District the Museum received sums 


aggregating $86,093.85, representing its share, authorized by the 
state legislature, of collections made during 1939 under the tax 


levies for 1938 and preceding years. As has already been mentioned, 
the legislative act under which such tax money has been paid to 
Field Museum and other museums was invalidated by the Illinois 
Supreme Court during the year. It is hoped that in 1940 the State 
Legislature will take steps to provide for restoration of the Museum 
tax on a basis acceptable to the taxpayers and the courts. 


The many difficulties in the financial administration of an insti- 
tution of this kind, combined with an outlook that is not encourag- 
ing, have prompted those in charge to review carefully everything 
in this field in order to be in as sound a position as possible should 
circumstances change for the worse. The Finance Committee of 
the Board of Trustees has carefully checked the investment port- 
folio, and after painstaking study has ordered many changes for the 
purpose of insuring a reasonable income while protecting principal. 


_ The sum of $26,600, advanced by the investment account in 1938 
_ to liquidate a bank loan, was returned to the investment account 


_ in 1939 from operating funds. This restitution was made possible 
_ through the generosity of Mr. Marshall Field. As a result there are 
no obligations against the operating account except current bills. 
_ Also through the gift of Mr. Marshall Field it was possible to create 
a reserve for extraordinary building repairs and mechanical plant 
renewals and replacements. The lack of such a fund has been a 


( 
' 


matter of serious concern for a number of years, and might have been 
most embarrassing except for the unusual efficiency of the Chief 


_ Engineer and General Superintendent in maintaining their equipment. 


With the full approval of the heirs of the late Mr. Chauncey 
Keep, the Board of Trustees authorized the use of income from the 


24. FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History— Reports, VOL. 12 


Chauncey Keep Yale University Chronicles of America Fund for the 
purchase of specimens, with the understanding that the principal 
and accretions of this fund, amounting to $17,000, shall remain 
intact. Credit will be given the fund for all purchases made under 
this authorization. 


In keeping with the spirit of the new Pension Plan for Museum 
Employees, the group life insurance policy held by the institution 
was amended in several respects. In order that protection might be 
afforded all employees, a maximum benefit of $3,000 was established, 
and within that limit benefits were arranged equal to or slightly 
exceeding one year’s salary of the insured. A clause was inserted 
reducing to $1,000 the insurance benefit of any employee at the time 
he retires on pension. This clause was inserted because the purpose 
of the insurance is to provide protection for dependents, who will 
normally be old enough to care for themselves when an employee 
becomes a pensioner. 


Revisions were made in the group contract with the Plan for 
Hospital Care, Inc., making available greater benefits than hitherto 
for Field Museum employees and their families. The plan provides 
hospitalization, when needed, for subscribing employees and their 
families, and the limits of such hospitalization were increased by 
the revisions in terms. Subscription is at a nominal cost, and 
entirely voluntary. The plan is endorsed and sponsored by most 
of the principal hospitals and medical authorities, and has the 
support of many civic leaders. A large proportion of the Museum 
personnel have taken advantage of the opportunity to subscribe, 
and a number have already had occasion to use the services provided. 


The Museum had ten expeditions in operation in the United 
States and foreign countries during 1939, and considerable field 
work on a smaller scale was also conducted. As in the preceding 
year, this extension of activity became possible only through the 
generosity of patrons who sponsored the most important expeditions. 
Without such assistance, the Museum would have been unable to 
allocate adequate funds for this purpose. 


Of the expeditions at work in 1939, two are of especial impor- 
tance: the Magellanic Expedition of Field Museum, and the ninth 
Field Museum Archaeological Expedition to the Southwest. Both 
of these were sponsored by Mr. Stanley Field. The Magellanic 
Expedition, which is under the leadership of Dr. Wilfred H. Osgood, 
Chief Curator of the Department of Zoology, will continue its work 
for several months in 1940. It is collecting specimens over a broad 


INTRODUCTION 25 


field, including parts of southern Peru, Bolivia, Chile, the shores of 
the Straits of Magellan, and the island of Tierra del Fuego at the 
foot of South America (noted as one of the world’s windiest spots). 
This expedition began work in July. The first members entering 
the field were Mr. Colin C. Sanborn, Curator of Mammals, Mr. Karl 
P. Schmidt, Curator of Amphibians and Reptiles, and Mr. John 
Schmidt, field assistant. Dr. Osgood joined the party in October. 
Mr. Karl Schmidt completed his part of the work about the middle 
of November, thereafter returning to the Museum, but the other 
‘members of the expedition remained in the field. In addition to 
making comprehensive collections of the fauna of the regions indi- 
-eated, this expedition has as a prime objective the assembling of data 
to supplement the work of Charles Darwin, who pioneered in scien- 
tific research in the more remote parts of the area. 


__ The Field Museum Archaeological Expedition to the Southwest 
was led by Dr. Paul S. Martin, Chief Curator of the Department of 
Anthropology. He was assisted by several other archaeologists, and 
la party of excavators. In eight previous years Dr. Martin had 
‘worked on sites of early North American cultures in southwestern 
‘Colorado, and in 1939 his expedition operated in a new area, in the 
Ivicinity of Glenwood, New Mexico. There the ruins of early Mogol- 
‘lon culture were investigated. A large collection of artifacts was 
obtained for the Museum’s exhibits and study collections, and Dr. 
{Martin found traces of the cultural developments that took place 
jduring a 1,500-year period which had previously been a blind gap 
to archaeologists. 

The Sewell Avery Botanical Expedition to Guatemala, sponsored 
‘by Mr. Sewell Avery of the Board of Trustees, in 1939 completed 
its work, which was begun in the preceding year. The expedition 
‘was conducted by Mr. Paul C. Standley, Curator of the Herbarium. 
_A comprehensive collection of the flora of many parts of the country 
‘was obtained, and data were assembled for proposed scientific publi- 
cations. Operations were conducted in selected localities in each 
‘principal type of region found in Guatemala: volcanoes, alpine 
-meadows, high mountain slopes, rain forests, deserts, etc. 


_ Late in the year another botanical expedition was sent to Guate- 
‘mala. It is sponsored by President Field, and is being conducted 
by Dr. Julian A. Steyermark, Assistant Curator of the Herbarium. 
Its object is to collect specimens and data to supplement the 
findings of the Sewell Avery Expedition, and it will continue 
operations into 1940. 


26 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History— Reports, VOL. 12 


The Field Museum Paleontological Expedition to Western Cole 
rado collected fossil remains of the early mammals of Paleocene and 
Eocene formations in Mesa, Garfield, and Gunnison counties. It 
findings included an important genus hitherto unknown to paleor 
tologists. Mr. Bryan Patterson, Assistant Curator of Paleontology 
was the leader. He was accompanied by Mr. James H. Quinr 
Assistant in Paleontology, and several other collectors from Chicage 
and from the local Colorado region. 


An expedition to Florida collected specimens of marine anim 
and made studies of the invertebrate life of the region. Dr. Frit 
Haas, Curator of Lower Invertebrates, and Staff Taxidermist Lec 
L. Walters were the collectors. Operations were conducted on th 
Atlantic and Gulf coasts. President Field sponsored the expeditior 


A paleontological expedition to South Dakota and Nebrask 
sponsored by President Field, and led by Mr. Paul O. MecGre 
Assistant in Paleontology, collected skeletal material representin 
various species of extinct mammals in Oligoeene, Miocene, and Plic 
cene fossil beds. Mr. McGrew was accompanied by Mr. John M. 
Schmidt, Mr. Orville Gilpin, and local collectors from the area 
visited. 

Dr. Francis Drouet, Curator of Cryptogamic Botany, and 
Donald Richards, of the Hull Botanical Laboratory of the Uni 
versity of Chicago, conducted a botanical expedition to Mexico ane 
the southwestern United States. President Field was the sponsor. 
The field of operations included parts of New Mexico, Arizor 
Sonora, and Lower California. The object of this expedition 
the collecting of the flora of the regions indicated, with special atten 
tion being given to an investigation of the algal and bryophyte fle 

The Sewell Avery Zoological Expedition to British Guiana, which 
had begun operations in July, 1938, completed its work and returnec 
to Chicago early in 1939. Mr. Sewell Avery was sponsor, and } 
Emmet R. Blake, Assistant Curator of Birds, was the leader. 
Blake was assisted by a party of local collectors and native boatmer 
The field of operations was the region along the Courantyne Rive 
near the boundary of Dutch Guiana, the New River, and tributari 
far in the interior. Despite an unfortunate accident to a boat cz 
ing a large part of the expedition’s collections, a good representatic 
of the fauna of the little known region arrived safely at the Museum.) 

Birds, small mammals, and reptiles of the Yucatan Peninsul 
were collected for Field Museum by an expedition sponsored an 
conducted by Mr. Melvin Traylor, Jr., and Mr. Wyllys Andrews. | 


INTRODUCTION 20 


Field work on a more limited scale was carried on from time to 
time by various members of the Museum staff, including: botanical 
collecting in Venezuela by Mr. Llewelyn Williams, Curator of 
Economic Botany, who is in that country on an extended leave of 
absence from Field Museum to assist in making a botanical survey 
for the Venezuelan Government; zoological collecting in England 
and Scotland by Mr. Colin C. Sanborn, Curator of Mammals, who 
was in Europe for several months as a Fellow. of the Guggenheim 
Foundation; ornithological work in the Chicago area, conducted by 
Mr. Emmet R. Blake, Assistant Curator of Birds, and Mr. Frank 
H. Letl, Preparator of Accessories; mineralogical collecting in 
Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York state, conducted by 
Mr. Bryant Mather, Assistant Curator of Mineralogy; zoological 
eollecting in Florida conducted by Dr. Wilfred H. Osgood, Chief 
Curator of Zoology, and Mr. Alfred C. Weed, Curator of Fishes; 
and botanical and zoological collecting in various regions of Missouri, 
conducted by Dr. Julian A. Steyermark, Assistant Curator of the 
Herbarium, and Mr. Loren P. Woods of the staff of the Raymond 
| Foundation. 


_ The project for the making of photographs of type specimens of 
plants in the leading herbaria of Europe, which has been under way 
‘since 1929, was continued through most of 1939 by Mr. J. Francis 
-Macbride, Associate Curator of the Herbarium. Negatives of more 
than 40,000 type specimens of plants, chiefly of South American 
‘species, are now on file in the Museum, and prints from them are 
‘made available, at cost, to botanists and institutions all over the 
world. This is a service widely recognized for its inestimable value 
to systematic botany. Its importance is especially emphasized at 
this time, as many of the European collections face possible destruc- 
jtion in the war which began late in 1939. The negatives at Field 
‘Museum thus might become the only remaining records of many 
plants of scientific and historic importance. Mr. Macbride returned 
to the Museum December 18. 


Mr. Leon Mandel generously made arrangements whereby Mr. 
-Rudyerd Boulton, Curator of Birds, and Mr. D. Dwight Davis, Assist- 
ant Curator of Anatomy and Osteology, left Chicago on December 26 
‘to join an expedition scheduled to sail January 1, 1940, from Havana. 
This expedition, to be conducted aboard Mr. Mandel’s yacht 
Buccaneer, will explore out-of-the-way cays, islands, and rocks in 
the Caribbean Sea. Birds, mammals, and reptiles will be collected 
in these places, and fishes and other marine creatures will be sought 


28 FreLp Museum or NATURAL History—Reports, VOL. 12 


in the waters surrounding them. Mr. Mandel himself will partici- 
pate in the collecting, as he has done on other expeditions he has 
sponsored for Field Museum. Another collector will be Captain 
William Gray, of Palm Beach, Florida. 


Twenty-eight technical scientific publications, circulated inter- 
nationally among museums, libraries, other institutions, and ind 
vidual scientists, were issued by Field Museum Press. In additior 
two popular leaflets for lay readers were published, and printing of 
guidebooks, handbooks, and miscellaneous matter was continued 
usual on a large scale. Outstanding in importance was the public 
tion of Parts I and II of A Bibliography of Birds, a comprehensis 
work of interest to ornithologists everywhere. It was compiled by 
Dr. Reuben Myron Strong, Chairman, Department of Anatomy, 
Loyola University Medical School, Chicago. 

The twelve issues of Field Museum News, the monthly bulletir 
for Members of the Museum, appeared in a new and improvec 
typographical “dress,” easier to read. The number of pages in each 
issue was increased from four to eight, making possible a me 
extensive and thorough coverage of the activities of the Museur 
The increased size of the News, of course, placed an additional burder 
on the Division of Printing. News about Museum activities 
released to the daily press regularly, resulting in the usual quota c 
publicity not only in Chicago but throughout the nation, 
frequently in foreign countries as well. 


The Book Shop of Field Museum, which was established in 1938 
continued throughout 1939 to operate with the success that markec 
its first months. The sales, both to visitors at the Museum, and t 
mail orders, indicate that the services it offers are welcome to 
public. All books which it distributes, whether for adults or chil 
dren, are first passed upon by qualified members of the Museum 
scientific staff, thus assuring that books of doubtful authenticity ¢ 
accuracy are not offered. 


Toward the end of the year, Field Museum became a member c 
the University Broadcasting Council, which is responsible for man: 
of the better types of educational and cultural programs presente 
on the radio. In this organization the Museum is associated wit 
such other institutions as Northwestern University, De Paul Univer 
sity, and the Art Institute of Chicago. Plans were made for presenta 
_ tion, in 1940, of a series of educational broadcasts on subjec 
within the scope of the four scientific Departments of the Museum) 
These will be presented over one of the networks of the Nations 


INTRODUCTION 29 


Broadcasting Company. The broadcasting company is generously 
co-operating in the venture, making radio time available, and supply- 
ing the personnel and facilities for script writing and dramatic 
presentation. 

During the year lecturers from the Raymond Foundation co- 
operated with the Zenith Radio Corporation in staging some experi- 
mental broadcasts for radio and television. In the course of a series 
of six broadcasts, stereopticon slides were projected, Museum speci- 
mens were demonstrated and explained, and live reptiles were 
exhibited to the television audiences. It is felt that these experiments 
will be of great value in determining the possibilities of television as 
a medium of instruction, as well as in developing the technique of 
this medium of disseminating information. 


The James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation for 
Public School and Children’s Lectures co-operated, as in 1938, with 
the Public School Broadcasting Council by arranging special pro- 
grams at the Museum as “‘follow-ups’”’ to the Council’s science radio 
programs. Informal meetings were held in the lecture hall for 
representative pupils selected from the upper grades of many schools. 
At these gatherings, slides were shown, specimens were made avail- 
able for study, and Museum methods were demonstrated. The 
groups were also conducted on tours of exhibits, and mimeographed 
sheets containing text and drawings pertaining to the subjects dis- 
cussed were distributed to them. 


In June the Museum participated in a conference on industrial 
recreation sponsored by University College of Northwestern Uni- 
versity, with the co-operation of the Adult Education Council and 
numerous other organizations interested in the better use of leisure 
time. A special exhibit outlining the activities of the Museum was 
displayed, and Mr. Loren P. Woods, of the Raymond Foundation 


_ staff, was in attendance to give further information to the delegates. 


Field Museum was represented in exhibits at the New York 


_ World’s Fair and at the Golden Gate International Exposition at 
_$an Francisco. To the New York Fair the Museum sent an Egyptian 


mummy which was used in an exhibit of the General Electric X-ray 
Corporation to demonstrate the application of the fluoroscope in 


Scientific research. An elaborate installation was arranged whereby 


visitors were enabled alternately to view the mummy’s exterior and 


_ then, through the fluoroscope, its interior. Field Museum was 


invited to participate because of the pioneer work conducted at 
this institution over a period of several years, beginning in 1925, in 


30 FIELD MUSEUM oF NATURAL History— Reports, VoL. 12 


developing and applying successfully a technique for X-ray photog- 
raphy on mummies and other types of specimens not previousl; 
studied in this manner. The exhibit in New York, at which credit 
given the Museum for its part, attracted approximately 4,000,000 
persons, according to the tally kept by the General Electric a 
and it resulted in nation-wide publicity. At the San Francisco e 
sition the Museum was represented by a collection of ethnologiail 
objects from Borneo, Java, New Guinea, Sumatra, the Cook Islands, 
Celebes, and other South Pacific islands. These were exhibited ir 
the exposition’s Department of Fine Arts. 


Field Museum was host to a long list of distinguished visite 
during 1939. On two occasions members of European royal ho 
were received. On April 25, Their Royal Highnesses, Crown Prince 
Frederik and Princess Ingrid, of Denmark, were guests of the insti- 
tution. They were accompanied by Mr. Reimund Baumann, the 
Danish Consul. On May 4, His Royal Highness, Crown Prince Olav, 
of Norway, was a visitor to the Museum. With the Prince came Mr. 
Sigurd Maseng, Consul of Norway. Among the other distinguished 
visitors of the year were the following: Mr. Russell Plimpton, 
Director of the Institute of Art, Minneapolis; Mr. Paul Frank, of 
the National Park Service staff at Zion National Park, Utah; Mr. 
Michael Lerner, of New York City; Dr. Paul Ganz, a professor 
the University of Basel in Switzerland, and President of the Inte 
national Commission on the History of Art; Colonel Richard Meinert: 
hagen, noted British ornithologist; Professor E. N. Transeau, heac 
of the Department of Botany, Ohio State University; Dr. Osvald 
Siren, Curator of Oriental Art at the National Museum in Stockholm, 
Sweden; Dr. R. A. Falla, Director of the Canterbury Museum 
Christchurch, New Zealand; Dr. Watson Davis, Managing Directo 
of Science Service, Washington, D.C.; Mr. Lorenz Hagenbeck, 
of the owners of the Hagenbeck Tierpark, of Stillengen, Germany; 
Dr. Norman C. Fassett, Curator of the Herbarium of the University 
of Wisconsin; Mr. T. A. Monmayeda, Director of the Japan Institute 
New York; Mr. Taneo Taketa, Manager of the New York office c 
the South Manchurian Railway; Mr. L. D. Bestall, Director of the 
Hawkes Bay Art Gallery and Museum, Napier, New Zealand; } 
Nicholas (Alice Roosevelt) Longworth, widow of the late Speaker 
of the House of Representatives of the United States, and her 
daughter; the Duke and Duchess of Sutherland, of Loni Dr. 
Dillman S. Bullock, of Angol, Chile; Dr. C. R. Ball, of Washington, 
D.C., an authority on willows; Mrs. M. Quennell, Hon. AR.LB 


INTRODUCTION ok 


who is the Director of the Geffrye Historical Museum, in London, 
England; William J. Morden, Associate in the Department of 
Mammals at the American Museum of Natural History, New York; 
Lieutenant Colonel J. H. Patterson, of the British Army (retired), 
who shot the man-eating lions of Tsavo now exhibited in Field 
Museum, and is author of an interesting book about these famous 
marauders; Dr. Robert Allen Cooley, well-known entomologist 
specializing in ticks at the Rocky Mountain Laboratory, Hamilton, 
Montana; Mr. J. B. Kinlock, of the Department of Forestry of 
British Honduras; Mr. Charles R. Knight, of New York, the artist 
who painted the series of prehistoric life murals in Ernest R. Graham 
Hall of Field Museum; Mr. Newton B. Drury, Secretary of the Save- 
the-Redwoods League, of California; Dr. Hu Chao-chun, Director, 
City Museum of Greater Shanghai, China; Mr. Herbert N. Hale, 
Museum Director of the Public Library, Museum, and Art Gallery 
of South Australia, at Adelaide; Mr. Chauncey J. Hamlin, President 
of the Buffalo Museum of Science; Mr. Victor Fisher, Ethnologist of 
the Auckland (New Zealand) Museum; Dr. Herbert Friedmann, 
Curator of Birds at the United States National Museum, and 
President of the American Ornithologists’ Union; Dr. D. Rubin de 
la Borbolla, Director, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, 
Mexico; Dr. T. H. Goodspeed, Professor of Botany at the University 
of California; Dr. Frank D. Kern, of Pennsylvania State College, 
who is one of the foremost specialists on fungi; Mrs. Gertrude Bass 
Warner, Director of the University of Oregon Museum of Fine Arts, 
Eugene, Oregon; Professor V. Gordon Childe, noted anthropologist 
of the University of Edinburgh, Scotland; Mr. William H. Phelps, 
ornithologist, of Caracas, Venezuela; Dr. G. T. Velasquez, Professor 
of Botany, University of the Philippines, Manila; Mr. Lloyd Weaver, 
of the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 
and the Department of Botany, Columbia University, New York; 
Mrs. Oscar Straus, of New York, who sponsored the Straus West 
African Expedition of Field Museum in 1934; Miss Florence Guggen- 
) heim Straus, who accompanied Mrs. Straus; Mr. Stewart Springer, 
of the Bass Biological Laboratories, Englewood, Florida; Mr. 
Theodore Sizer, Associate Director, Gallery of Fine Arts, Yale 
_ University; Professor C. N. Gould, of Santa Fe, New Mexico, head 
of the Southwest Division of the United States National Park 
Service; Mrs. V. Goschen-de Watteville, of Berne, Switzerland, who 
with her father conducted an expedition to central Africa which 
| resulted in extremely important zoological collections for the Natural 
_ History Museum of Berne; Miss Martha van Bomberghen of Brus- 


32 FreLpD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HiIstorY—REporTs, VOL. 12 


sels, member of the Conseil de Direction of the Institut Belge de 
Hautes Etudes Chinoises, Secretary of the Société Belge d’ 
Orientales, and Editor of Mélanges Chinoises et Bouddiques; Dr. 
E. J. Lindgren, well-known anthropologist of Cambridge University, 
and Honorary Editor of Man; Mr. A. R. Penfold, Curator and Eee 
nomic Chemist of the Sydney Technological Museum in Australia 
Mr. S. Koperberg, Secretary of the Java Institute for Promotin 
Javanese Art and Culture, Director of the Museum Sono Boedoje 
and Secretary of the School for Javanese Arts and Crafts; Dr. 
Herman Johannes Lam, Director of the National Herbarium, Leider 
Netherlands; Dr. Levi W. Mengel, Director Emeritus of the Public 
Museum and Art Gallery of Reading, Pennsylvania; Dr. F. } 
Pagan, head of the Department of Botany, University of Puerte 
Rico; Professor Maximino Martinez, noted botanist of Mexico City 
formerly on the staff of the National Museum of Mexico; Dr. Edga 
Anderson, of the Missouri Botanical Garden; Dr. Ralph Linton 
formerly on the staff of this institution’s Department of Anthropology, 
now chairman of the Department of Anthropology at Columbi 
University; Dr. T. H. Kearney, of the Department of Agriculture 
Washington; Dr. Hermon C. Bumpus, noted zoologist, forme 
Director of the American Museum of Natural History, New York, 
and now Chairman of the Educational Advisory Board, Nation 
Parks Service; Dr. D. C. Graham, well-known archaeologist and 
ethnologist, and a professor at the West China Union University, 
Cheng-tu, Szechwan; Professor Owen Lattimore of the Johns Hop 
kins University, Baltimore, who is editor of Pacific Affairs; Mr. 
James Roosevelt, of Hollywood, California; Mr. A. S. Coggeshal 
Director of the Santa Barbara (California) Museum of Natu 
History; Dr. Edson S. Bastin, Chairman of the Department o 
Geology and Paleontology at the University of Chicago; Professc 
Moholy-Nagy, Director of the School of Design, Chicago; M 
David Rockefeller, who is engaged in economic studies at the Uni. 
versity of Chicago; and Count Benedict Tyszkiewicz, of Poland. 

The School of the Art Institute of Chicago is constantly drawir 
upon the facilities of Field Museum. In the following classes of tk 
professional art school, problems were given which required researc 
work in Field Museum: History of Art 1; History of Art II; Patte 
Design; Composition and Research; Drawing I (introducte 
courses). 

In 1939, five different sections in the Saturday Junior Depart 
ment (classes for children) worked in groups under i 


| 
| 


Field Museum of Natural History Reports, Vol. 12, Plate 3 


PIT-HOUSE DURING EXCAVATION 
Near Reserve, New Mexico 
Field Museum Archaeological Expedition to New Mexico, 1939 


WNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 


INTRODUCTION 33 


supervision in Field Museum as a part of the regular curriculum. 
Needless to say, this Museum is delighted to co-operate with its 
neighbor institution. 

New, improved uniforms for the Museum guard force were 
adopted during the year. Comfort, coolness, and better appearance 
are emphasized in the new type. The high military collar, which 
was a feature of every uniform worn since the founding of the Mu- 
seum, was discarded in favor of the open lapel collar. The color 
was changed from the severe military olive drab to blues of harmoniz- 
ing shades for coat and trousers. Gold buttons and braid complete 
the ensemble. During the summer, the caps are topped in white. 
During the course of the year Field Museum signed a contract 
under which it supplies the necessary steam for heating the new 
Administration Building of the Chicago Park District, located 
immediately south of the Museum. This contract is, in fact, an 
additional esthetic contribution to Chicago inasmuch as it makes 
unnecessary the erection of another heating plant on the lake front 


of the John G. Shedd Aquarium, another neighboring institution, 
‘and the stadium in Soldier Field, has been taken care of in similar 
fashion since their erection some years ago. Temporary heating 
service to the Administration Building was begun on February 8, 
while it was still in the process of construction. The Museum 
furnished 7,481,505 pounds of steam to that building, as well as 
/18, 003,488 pounds to the Aquarium, and 13,482,523 pounds to 
‘Soldier Field. 
| Several new appointments to the staff of the Museum were 
made during 1939: 
Mr. Bryant Mather joined the staff as Assistant Curator of 
‘Mineralogy. He is a graduate of the Johns Hopkins University, 
where he studied under some of the outstanding authorities of the 
mineralogical world. Prior to coming to the Museum, he was 
jengazed in mineralogical work for the United States Geological 
‘Survey and the National Park Service, and served for a time as 
Curator of Mineralogy in the Museum of the Natural History 
‘Society of Maryland, at Baltimore. 


| Mr. Henry Herpers, a graduate of the Massachusetts Institute 
of Technology, was appointed Assistant Curator of Geology. He 
has specialized in chemistry, and much of his time will be devoted 
to the chemical laboratory in the Museum’s Department of Geology. 


lO eel ee rh Tl eer eee ese 
i el —— 


with an additional smokestack on Chicago’s horizon. The heating | 


34. FreELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History— Reports, VOL. 12 


Mr. James R. Shouba was employed to assist the General Sup 
intendent of the Museum. 


Dr. Louis B. Bishop, of Pasadena, California, well-known 
ornithological circles as the founder of the extensive Bishop Colle 
tion of Birds which, as has been previously stated, came into t 
possession of the Museum in 1939, accepted an honorary appoin 
ment to the staff of the Museum as Research Associate in t 
Division of Birds. Dr. Bishop will continue research upon thes 
birds, to the collecting of which he has devoted a major portion 
his time during the past forty years. 

Mr. Edgar G. Laybourne, Assistant Taxidermist, resigned t 
accept a position in Hawaii. 

On December 31, several Museum employees were retired unc 
the new pension program instituted earlier in the year. he 
retired are: Miss Margaret M. Cornell, Chief of the James Nelso 
and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation for Public School and 
dren's Lectures; Miss Rose J. Watson, Departmental Librarian 
Secretary to the Chief Curator of Anthropology; Mr. Thom 
Mason, of the Division of Engineering, and Mr. Valerie Legaul 
preparator in the Department of Geology. Miss Cornell had joine 
the staff in 1926, and had become Chief of her Division in 192 
Under her supervision the Raymond Foundation expanded both i 
number of personnel and in the scope of its activities. Miss Watse 
had been employed at the Museum since 1907, serving under thre 
Chief Curators of Anthropology—the late Dr. George A. Dorse 
the late Dr. Berthold Laufer, and the incumbent Chief Curator, D 
Paul S. Martin. Mr. Mason joined the staff as Chief Engineer i 
1896, and was one of the oldest men in continuous service of th 
institution. During the entire period when the Museum was locat 
in Jackson Park, Mr. Mason continued as Chief Engineer, giving t 
that title and responsibility when the care of a new and larger plar 
and a new building confronted him at an age when many men reti 
from active service. Mr. Mason chose to remain in the Divisic 
of Engineering, however, and had passed his eightieth year when t 
retired. Mr. Legault came to the Museum in 1906. For som 
years he served in the N. W. Harris Public School Extension, an 
since 1924 had been charged with the mechanical side of the prepa 
tion of exhibits in the Department of Geology. 

Mr. A. J. Thompson, Captain of the Fire Department in the ¢ 
building, and more recently in charge of janitorial work at th 


INTRODUCTION 35 


Museum, was placed on the pension roll, effective from January 1, 
1939. He had been a Museum employee since 1894. 


Mr. David Gustafson, who came to Field Museum in October, 
1937, to assist in editorial work and proofreading on Parts I and 
II of A Bibliography of Birds, terminated his temporary employment 
at the Museum on December 31, by virtue of the completion and 
publication of the two volumes. 


_ As for several years past, the Museum was indebted for assistance 
in its work of research and in various other activities by a loyal 
group of volunteer workers. The names of these men and women, 
whose services have been of inestimable value, will be found in the 
List of the Staff at the beginning of this book. They are designated 
by the titles ‘Research Associate’ and ‘Associate,’ which dis- 
tinguish them from salaried members. An exception is the title 
“The Layman Lecturer,” held by Mr. Paul G. Dallwig, who also 
serves without compensation. Among these volunteers, Miss Claire 
K. Nemec, who was Associate in the Division of Lower Invertebrates, 
‘discontinued her work upon her marriage during the year. 


Notable progress was made in the biological research project 
being conducted on the giant panda as a result of the receipt of the 
first complete carcass available for scientific dissection. The speci- 
men in question, which came from the Chicago Zoological Society, 
and was known as “‘Su-lin”’ during its life at that society’s zoological 
park at Brookfield, Illinois, is being thoroughly studied by Mr. D. 
Dwight Davis, Assistant Curator of Anatomy and Osteology. An 
interesting development during the year was the discovery that this 
panda, which from all external indications during its life had been 
thought to be a female, was actually a male. It was thus learned 
that giant pandas should be included among those several kinds of 
animals known to zoologists in which the evidences of sex are so 
concealed that it is difficult to distinguish males from females by 
external examination only. 


| From an experiment conducted at Field Museum in 1938, there 
was a further interesting development in 1939. The pink lotus plant 
of the Orient (Nelumbiwm Nelumbo), which, as reported in the previ- 
Ous year, was germinated in the laboratories of the Department of 
Botany from one of some ancient seeds which had lain dormant for 
a period estimated between 300 and 500 years, continued to grow, 
and in the spring of 1939 it reached full blossom with the appearance 
of several large pink flowers characteristic of the species. This 


36 Fre.D MuseEUM OF NATURAL History— Reports, Vou. 12 


occurred at the Conservatory of Garfield Park, to which the p 
had been transferred for further cultivation. 


Specimens, from the collection of Field Museum, of the Pult 
(Russian Poland) meteorite that fell in 1868, have played an impe 
tant role in a program of research which is leading to more definit 
knowledge of the ages of the earth, the solar system, and the un 
verse. Dr. Robley D. Evans, a well-known physicist on the staf 
of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, at Cambridge, 
his colleagues in the Department of Chemistry there—Dr. Walter C. 
Schumb and Miss Jane L. Hastings—used these specimens i 
investigations into the relative amounts of the isotopes of radio 
active elements in both meteoritic and terrestrial materials. 
Museum recently published the results of part of their research. 


Mr. Colin C. Sanborn, Curator of Mammals, who was appointe 
a Fellow of the John Simon Guggenheim Foundation in the spring ¢ 
1938, returned from Europe in March, 1939, after seven months ¢ 
study overseas under his fellowship. The greater part of this peric 
was spent at the British Museum (Natural History), working on 
taxonomic revision of the horseshoe bats. In connection with thi 
study, Mr. Sanborn also visited museums in Edinburgh, Amsterdam 
Leiden, and Paris. Two weeks were spent in Scotland collectir 
material for the red grouse habitat group which was completed dur 
ing the year. 

Mr. Llewelyn Williams, Curator of Economie Botany, on lea 
of absence to aid the government botanist, Dr. Henry Pittier, i 
botanical exploration of Venezuela, reported during the year on 
journey of exploration he made from Caracas across the Venezuela’ 
Guiana, by way of Ciudad Bolivar and La Paragua. Much of 
trip was in canoes on the Caroni River in regions which had bee 
very little explored botanically. Mr. Williams was accompanied b' 
Captain Felix Cardona of the Venezuelan Frontier Commission. 


Dr. Samuel J. Record, Research Associate in Wood Technolog 
on the staff of Field Museum, and Professor of Forest Products 
Yale University, was appointed Dean of the university’s School ¢ 
Forestry, a signal honor, and a tribute to his high professior 
eminence. 

Staff Taxidermist John W. Moyer is author and publisher of 
book, Lessons in Museum Taxidermy, which appeared during 193 
It is intended as an aid both to amateurs who wish to mount bird 
mammals, fishes, etc., as a hobby, and to persons who wish to t 
themselves in taxidermy as a profession. 


INTRODUCTION 31 


A textbook on fungi, for upper elementary grade school pupils, 
by Mrs. Leota Gregory Thomas of the Raymond Foundation staff, 
was published during the year by the American Education Company, 
of Columbus, Ohio, under the title Seedless Plants. The book is of 
a type known as a “unit study book” and has found a ready accept- 
ance among many educators and school officials. 

Members of the staff of Field Museum visited other scientific 
institutions for special studies, attended a number of important 
meetings held by various learned societies, and frequently were guest 
speakers before various organizations, or on radio programs. Mr. 
Sharat K. Roy, Curator of Geology, visited leading museums and 
universities in the east to check the results of his research on the 
paleontology of Baffin Land with the work of other paleontologists. 
On August 18 he gave a radio talk on meteorites over station WCFL. 
Mr. Rudyerd Boulton, Curator of Birds, attended the annual meet- 
ing of the American Ornithologists’ Union, held at Berkeley, Cali- 
fornia, in June. He is treasurer of the organization, and business 
‘manager of its quarterly journal, The Auk. Later in the year, Mr. 
‘Boulton spent several weeks at the American Museum of Natural 
‘History, New York, in special research on the collections of birds 

from Angola (Portuguese West Africa). At the request of the 
Editors of The 1939 Britannica Book of the Year, an annual volume 
issued by the publishers of The Encyclopedia Britannica, Dr. Wilfred 
H. Osgood, Chief Curator of the Department of Zoology, 
‘prepared the section devoted to reviewing the accomplishments 
of natural history museums all over the world. Dr. Paul S. 
| Martin, Chief Curator of the Department of Anthropology, attended 
the meeting held at Ann Arbor, Michigan, in May, of the American 
Anthropological Society (Central Section). He was elected First 
Vice-President. Dr. Henry Field, Curator of Physical Anthropology, 
presented a paper on ‘“‘Ancient and Modern Inhabitants of Iran’”’ 
before the meeting of the Anthropology Section of the American 
Association for the Advancement of Science, at Milwaukee, Wis- 
-consin, on June 21. He also spent several weeks at Harvard Uni- 
versity in special research in connection with data required for a 
publication on the physical anthropology of Iraq. Dr. Field also 
_made a number of appearances on the radio and the lecture platform. 
Dr. Fritz Haas, Curator of Lower Invertebrates, presented a series of 
_ten lectures under the general title ‘“The Biologist Looks at Human 
Life,’ before the Jewish People’s Institute, Chicago. Mr. Bryan 
Patterson, Assistant Curator of Paleontology, visited museums at 


38 Fre.p Museum or NaTuRAL History—Reports, VOL. 12 


Pittsburgh, New York, Princeton, and Washington, to make studie 
of their collections of Paleocene mammals, this work extending from 
December into the early weeks of 1940. At the Carnegie Museur 
in Pittsburgh he read two papers at the annual meeting of the verte 
brate section of the Paleontological Society of America. Mr. C 
Martin Wilbur, Curator of Chinese Archaeology and Ethnology, 1 
elected Secretary of the American Friends of China, Chicago. H 
conducted a seminar on ‘““Museum Work as a Career’ at Grinnel 
College in lowa, and made various lecture appearances. Dr. Juli 
A. Steyermark, Assistant Curator of the Herbarium, was appointed 
representative of Field Museum to the Conservation Council ¢ 
Chicago, an organization devoted to the preservation of na 
resources. He also lectured before various organizations. Mr 
Emmet R. Blake, Assistant Curator of Birds, was honored by election” 
to full membership in the American Ornithologists’ Union. He was 
frequent speaker before audiences of various kinds, and on radic¢ 
programs. Mr. D. Dwight Davis, Assistant Curator of Anatomy 
and Osteology, presented a scientific paper before the mestenag 
the American Society of Mammalogists at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 
on April 4. Mr. Bryant Mather, Assistant Curator of Mine 
alogy, presented a paper before the convention of the Rocks and 
Minerals Association held at Peekskill, New York, on June 17. H 
was elected a junior member of the American Institute of Mining ane 
Metallurgical Engineers, and was given an honorary appointment a 
Associate Curator in the Department of Mineralogy, Nat 
History Society of Maryland, at Baltimore. Mr. Mather and Mr. 
Henry Herpers, Assistant Curator of Geology, in December attendec 
the meetings at Minneapolis of the Geological Society of Americ 
Mineralogical Society of America, Society of Economic Geologist 
and other kindred organizations. Mr. Mather attended a geology 
conference at the Johns Hopkins University, and made several 
lecture appearances. Mr. Clifford C. Gregg, Director, was appointed 
by Mayor Edward J. Kelly of Chicago to membership on the Chicage 
Recreation Commission. The Director was a guest speaker befa 
numerous organizations, and represented the Museum at variou 
conferences of civic leaders, municipal officials, ete. Among othe 
members of the Museum staff who were in demand as lecture 
before various organizations, or on the radio, were: Mr. Karl F 
Schmidt, Curator of Amphibians and Reptiles; Mr. John R. ; 
Curator of the N. W. Harris Public School Extension; Staff Taxi- 
dermist C. J. Albrecht; Dr. Wilfrid D. Hambly, Curator of Afric 
Ethnology; Staff Taxidermist John W. Moyer, and Staff Taxide 


INTRODUCTION 39 


mist W. E. Eigsti. All the lecturers on the James Nelson and Anna 
Louise Raymond Foundation staff were frequently called upon for 
lectures before special audiences outside the scope of their regular 
duties. Mr. Paul G. Dallwig, the Layman Lecturer, made a number 
of platform appearances before outside audiences, bringing to them 
much of the Museum information which he conveys to his regular 
Sunday afternoon audiences at the Museum. 


In this Report it is my desire to express my thanks to the Board 

of Trustees for their loyal and hearty co-operation in the many 
projects which I have presented to them with my requests for aid 
and support. It is also my desire to record my sincere appreciation 
to the members of the staff of the Museum who have so loyally 
_earried on their various duties during the year and during the many 
years preceding it. Too often these loyal workers are simply taken 
for granted. Many duties of profound value are performed by 
dependable and careful workers whose names do not appear in 
headlines, but on whose accomplishments the success and reputation 
| of the Museum depend. 


Continuing their services of the past several years, men and 
| women from the Works Progress Administration have taken an active 
_ part in almost all phases of the activities of Field Museum, and have 
) added greatly to the accomplishments of the institution. More than 
| 262,000 hours of work were done by a force of from 125 to 219 

persons. The services of perhaps 80 per cent of these workers were 
interrupted during the year in conformity with the Act of Congress 
| which automatically terminated the services of any worker on WPA 
_ after eighteen continuous months of such employment. While many 
_ workers laid off under this authority have been reassigned to the 
project after periods varying from thirty to ninety days, several 
of those formerly assigned to Field Museum have found places in 
private employment. The purpose of the layoff after eighteen 
months of continuous service is defined by the sponsors of the act as 
a deterrent to the establishment of ‘‘careers in the WPA,” and to 
the extent that it has been successful, it has been justified. The 
_ effect on Field Museum has been to retard the completion of certain 
_ projects, and to make administration somewhat more difficult. In 
_ spite of these handicaps, however, the value of the work done under 
_WPA continues to be an important factor in the accomplishments of 
_ the Museum. 


The number of persons to whom meals were served in the Museum 
_ Cafeteria during 1939 is 97,543. In addition, 63,311 used the rooms 


40 Fretp Museum or NaTturAL History—Reports, VOL. 12 


provided for children and others who bring their own lunches. 
many of the latter, supplementary refreshments, such as sandwiches 
hot beverages, soft drinks, ice cream, etc., were furnished from 
special lunch counter. Tables and benches are available in the 
rooms to all who wish to use them, regardless of whether or not th 
purchase anything from the lunch counter. 


The customary thorough attention was given to proper mair 
tenance of the Museum building, its contents, and equipmen! 
Following is a report of the principal activities of the forces workir 
under the direction of the General Superintendent: 


For the Department of Zoology approximately 118 lineal feet ¢ 
“built-in"’ cases and screens were constructed along the north 
south walls of Hall O, which is in preparation for exhibits of fish 
The walls and ceilings of Hall M, the new hall devoted to le 
invertebrates, were plastered. Doors and grilles were installed 
this hall, the entire hall was decorated, and the exhibition cases 
properly placed in time for opening of the hall to the public in 
Two cases in Hall 20 (Hall of Birds) were painted, trimmed ar 
glazed for the opening of habitat groups of the rhea and red grouse 
New light boxes, fitted with fluorescent light tubes, were built 
installed on all cases in Hall 21 (systematic collection of birds) 
Construction was begun on two large “built-in"’ cases, one on eac 
side of the east end of Albert W. Harris Hall (Hall 18). On the fourt 
floor, an area in the southeast section was partitioned and equippe 
to form a new office and workshop for the Bird Taxidermist. 
the main taxidermy shop the large draw curtains were removed, ar 
replaced with new materials and draw cords. On the third floor, 
wire partition was built across Room 78, and a plaster board part 
tion was constructed in Room 99. For the Division of Birds a smal 
cabinet was constructed for storage of eggs; nine new steel stc 
cases were installed; and eighty pairs of side racks and twenty-ont 
diaphragms were fitted into storage cases previously installed. I 
the bird and mammal storage cases, 1,600 full-size, and 600 h 
size wooden trays were fitted. At the end of the year work was 
under way on remodeling Room 87 (formerly the bird taxidermy shop 
to provide larger quarters for the Division of Reptiles. 

Seven large mural paintings were starched and hung in Hall 2 
of the Department of Botany. The case for the Illinois wild flowe 
group in the Hall of Plant Life (Hall 29) was trimmed and glazed. 


In the Department of Geology two cases, four feet wide, wen 
altered to match other cases in Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hall 38 


INTRODUCTION 41 


and four new cases were constructed for use in the same hall. Two 
smaller cases formerly used in Hall 38 were refitted to replace certain 
eases in Frederick J. V. Skiff Hall (Hall 37). On the third floor a 
new office was provided for the Assistant Curator of Paleontology 
by reconstruction of part of an area formerly occupied by the stor- 
age room of the N. W. Harris Public School Extension. Two offices, 
for the Assistant Curator of Mineralogy and the Assistant Curator 
of Geology, were decorated and equipped. A large map case was 
made for the filing of maps, and various other tasks were per- 
formed in exhibition halls and offices of this Department. 


Among services performed for the Department of Anthropology 
was the completion of six wall cases for the exhibition of archaeo- 
logical material from Kish, in Hall K. An additional plaster arch 
was installed in the soffit of the entrance to Hall K from Hall L. 
In Joseph N. Field Hall (Hall A) a central floor case was built for 
an exhibit of food bowls, and four “built-in” cases (two at the north, 
and two at the south end) were constructed to house exhibits of very 
tall Melanesian ancestral figures and wooden drums carved from 
tree-trunks. For the office of the Curator of Chinese Archaeology 
and Ethnology, a large double-sided book stack was built. 


The third floor storage room of the N. W. Harris Public School 
Extension was replaced by provision of space in the south central 
portion of the ground floor, and racks and work tables were built and 
installed in this location. The change effected more efficient handling 
and storing of more than 1,100 Harris cases, which are continually 
going out to, and returning from, some four hundred schools on the 
Department’s motor trucks. Eight small carrying cases were made 
for a new type of exhibit being sent out by the Harris Extension, and 
numerous other tasks were performed for this Department. 

In the Library six mahogany cases were built for the filing of 
maps, and a special mahogany case was constructed to provide safe- 
keeping for the Museum’s collection of extremely rare books which 
could not receive adequate care in the general book stacks. 

Space on the third floor formerly occupied by the Harris Exten- 
sion was divided into five rooms which were assigned as a workroom 
for the Library’s bookbinder, studios for the Staff Artist and Staff 
Illustrator, the already mentioned new office for the Assistant Curator 
of Paleontology, and an additional room for the use of the Depart- 
ment of Geology. 


Dispatch and receiving counters, and storage cabinets, were 
built and installed in the Purchasing Agent’s office. At the North 


42 Fre.p Museum or NATURAL History— Reports, VOL. 12 


Entrance of the building two extensions were made to the counte 
fronts to prevent drafts in the Book Shop and behind the admissic 
ticket and checking desk. 


In the James Simpson Theatre the upholstered chairs, and 
carpeting, were vacuum cleaned, and then sprayed with a new typ 
of mothproofing solution. For the projection of motion pictures, 
new motor-operated beaded screen was purchased and installed. 


The upholstered furniture in the Director's office was re-covered. 
Filing cabinets were built for use in three of the general offices. 
sketch box was made for the Staff Artist. 

The large outdoor sign boards displayed on the Museum groun¢ 
were repaired, repainted, and reset. The admission signs used at th 
north and south entrances were enameled and relettered in gold leaf, 


It was found necessary to replace completely the large woode 
girders and heavy oak flooring of the large pit scale on the west sid 
of the building. Another task of considerable proportions was th 
repair and replacement of window sashes, sills, and frames on th 
second, third, and fourth floors. Such work was done on 100 winde 
and for the purpose tidewater cypress, which is especially resistant te 
decay, was used. 

Many joints in the exterior marble facing of the building w 
cleaned and tuckpointed, and the terra-cotta cornices were repaired. 
The extent of this work is indicated by the fact that it continues 
from May to the middle of September. As only those places me 
urgently in need of repair were attended to, it will be necessary t 
resume this work in 1940 on other parts of the building. The 1§ 
program also calls for completion of the overhauling of the te 
wall and balustrades. 

A major project undertaken was the replacement of all down: 
spout stacks and roof heads throughout the building. This 
begun in February, and completion is scheduled for early in 194€ 
The pipe stacks were replaced with extra-heavy wrought-iror 
pipes, and the heads were especially cast of high-grade metal 
The use of these materials, together with careful workmanship, give 
assurance of as permanent and trouble-free an installation as it 
possible to obtain. 

Two new tanks were built for the trucks used in connection with 
scrubbing. The floors of the service corridors on the ground floc 
were coated with a new type of floor seal to prevent the concret 
surface from flaking into dust. New wash uniforms were provided 
for the janitorial force. 


INTRODUCTION 43 


A large amount of painting, washing, and starching of walls and 
ceilings throughout the building was done. Included in sections 
receiving this treatment were the shipping room area, freight elevator 
shaft, the rooms of the Staff Artist and Staff Illustrator, the Library 
workroom, the President’s suite, the new bird taxidermy shop, the 
office suite of the Chief Curator of Anthropology, several other 
offices and workrooms, parts of nineteen exhibition halls, the east 
and west bridges on the second floor, the vista arches on the first 
floor, and the walls of the lunchroom. The floor of Room 39 was 
thoroughly cleaned and sealed. The wall-washing project formerly 
earried on by WPA workers was reduced early in the year, and 
abandoned August 18. 

The Chief Engineer and the men working under his supervision 

completed much important work during the year. Some of the more 
important tasks are outlined in the following summary: 
A large amount of electrical installation was performed. The 
new Harris Extension storage room on the ground floor was wired, 
and seventeen drop cords and two outlets for electrical tools were 
installed. Four fluorescent lights were installed over work benches 
for use in inspections of cases, and 125 feet of air pipe were installed 
for cleaning cases with air pressure. The room on the fourth floor, 
converted for use by the Bird Taxidermist, was rewired, and fluores- 
cent lighting was installed. Sixty-five new outlets and drop cords 
were installed throughout the third floor to improve lighting in work- 
rooms and offices. Two large flood lights were purchased and 
mounted on the north porch for night lighting. In H. N. Higin- 
botham Hall (Hall 31, Gems and Jewels) the lights were lowered 
three feet to improve illumination over the cases. Lighting fixtures 
on the ground floor were cleaned. Halls 21, M, and O were com- 
pletely rewired, and fluorescent lights were installed in the cases. 
In Halls K, 16, 17, 20, 22, and 30 (Kish archaeology, North American 
mammal habitat groups, Asiatic mammal groups, bird habitat 
groups, African mammal habitat groups, and Chinese jades) the old 
Mazda lighting was removed and fluorescent lighting installed. One 
ease in Hall B (North American archaeology), and one in Hall 29 
(Plant Life), were also equipped with fluorescent lights. Part of 
Room 99 on the third floor was equipped with fluorescent lighting 
for use in matching colors on case accessories. Altogether, 1,021 units 
of fluorescent lighting were installed during the year. The old ceiling 
fixtures removed from Halls O and 21 were sold for salvage. 

Two insecticide cabinets built by the Department of Botany 
were wired for automatically controlled heat. The band saw in the 


44 Fretp Museum or NATURAL History—Reports, VoL. 12 


same Department was moved, rewired, and an outlet was provid 
for a new circular saw. An electric oven was built for the Dep 
of Zoology and wired for automatic heat. 


Plumbing and heating work included the installation of a r 
drain pipe, and lines for hot and cold water, and for gas, from th 
third floor to the new bird taxidermy room on the fourth floor. 
sink and gas stove were also installed in this room. The partitionir 
of an area formerly occupied by the Harris Extension on the thi 
floor made necessary the installation of new drains, water lines, 
sink, and two lavatories. Changes made in Room 87 necessi 
installation of new drain pipes and water lines. Larger stea 
radiators were installed in Rooms 9, 14, 15, 16, 44, 46, and 50 to m 
them usable as offices and workrooms. Two new steam traps 
purchased, and installed on the steam main supplying the southe 
section of the building, to increase heating efficiency. 


In the Department of Geology a new saw for cutting meteorit 
was assembled, and sixty saw blades were cut and drilled for it. 
jointed bat net frame, seventeen feet long and seven feet wide, 
made of brass tubing for use on an expedition of the Department ¢ 
Zoology. 

In the Division of Printing, new friction pulleys were purchs 
and installed on the job press motors. The motor on the stitchir 
machine was overhauled, and a new motor bed was constructed fe 
the collotype press. 


All four boilers were completely relined. A new safety 
was purchased, and installed on the No. 1 boiler. The old ci 
tubes in the No. 3 and No. 4 boilers were removed and replaced 
new tubes. The tube caps were removed from all boilers and cleaned 
and the old gaskets were replaced with new ones. Stokers were c 
hauled, and new grate links and bars were installed where needec 
New baffles were installed in all four boilers. Soot blowers 
removed, repaired, and replaced. The breeching and ash vent pip 
were thoroughly cleaned. By-pass lines were installed on the No. 
and No. 2 boilers for better control of the feed water. The feed p 
on the No.1 boiler was dismantled and new impellers installec 
that on the No. 2 boiler was sent to the factory for test and change ¢ 
impellers. The steam feed pump was overhauled; new impeller 
were installed on the No. 1 house pump; and the vacuum pumf 
were overhauled and repacked. 


The coal conveyor was overhauled and repaired. Five ne 
gears were installed on its shafting to replace worn-out ones. 


DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY 45 


new worm screws were also installed, as were new guide rails, a new 
chute, and several new sheets. Forty new buckets were made, and 
new cotter pins were placed in the roller chain. 


A new furnace pipe was installed on the hot water heater. 


The motor on the fire pump was overhauled, and a new relief 
valve was installed on the high-pressure tank to comply with a 
suggestion made by the insurance inspector. 


___ A grade of coal different from that burned in the past was tested 
and found satisfactory. Its use thereafter resulted in a considerable 
saving in fuel cost. 


_ Reports in detail of the year’s activities in each of the Museum’s 
Departments and Divisions will be found in the pages which follow: 


DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY 
EXPEDITIONS AND RESEARCH 


The Field Museum Archaeological Expedition to the Southwest, 
again generously financed by President Stanley Field, spent four 
months (June to October) in a new field, transferring its activities 
for 1939 to New Mexico, instead of Colorado, where it had conducted 
excavations in previous seasons. This expedition was the most 
important archaeological task in the New World ever undertaken 
by Field Museum, and it resulted in what is probably one of the 
three most important excavations that have been made in the 
Southwest in the past twenty years. 


The expedition, which was successful from every point of view, 
was directed by the Chief Curator of Anthropology, Dr. Paul S. 
Martin. He was assisted by Messrs. Joseph Weckler, John Rinaldo, 
and Robert Yule, Mrs. Frances Weckler, and Miss Marjorie Kelly. 
Mr. Weckler was the surveyor and helped direct the excavations. 
Mr. Rinaldo, Associate in Southwestern Archaeology on the Mu- 
seum staff, again took charge of the excavated pottery and the stone 
and bone implements. All photographs were taken by Mr. Robert 
Yule, Assistant in Archaeology. Mrs. Weckler acted as secretary 
to the expedition and assisted in excavating burials. Miss Kelly, 
on the Museum staff as Associate in Southwestern Archaeology, 
was in charge of all skeletal materials, and assisted Mr. Rinaldo 
in classifying and counting the potsherds. 

To elucidate and justify the statement concerning the extreme 


importance of this expedition’s accomplishments, the following 
explanation is offered: 


46 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History— Reports, VOL. 12 


The Basket Maker-Pueblo complex has been fairly well we 
out during the past thirty years by various archaeologists. 
Museum has contributed its share to the knowledge of this comp 
by its excavations in Colorado during the past ten years. Report 
of these excavations are already available. 


Some time after 1930 the staff of Gila Pueblo, a research instite 
tion at Globe, Arizona, first discovered that in southern Arizor 
and New Mexico there was a second great culture or complex whie 
has been termed Hohokam. From 1934 to 1935 Gila Pueblo arck 
ologists conducted gigantic excavations in southern Arizona, 
results of which delineated various aspects of this culture. 


About 1936 the staff of Gila Pueblo undertook some excavatior 
in western New Mexico and later submitted a report on this we 
It was therein intimated that there was a third great culty 
complex in the Southwest, namely, the Mogollon. However, 
villages excavated happened to fall in a rather late period (abou 
A.D. 800 to 900). By that time the Mogollon culture had receive 
many traits from the Basket Maker-Pueblo horizon to the north 
and some from the Hohokam culture to the west. Such sites 
these are called “‘mixed,"’ and are not so helpful as “pure,”’ or ur 
mixed, sites, in working out the details of a new culture. Mani 
archaeologists disagreed with the conclusions set forth by the 
Pueblo Staff because they felt that the culture described as Mogolle 
was merely a hybrid of the Basket Maker-Hohokam traits, or 
weak, peripheral branch of the Basket Maker-Pueblo entity. 


Dr. Martin, after finishing his researches in southwes' 
Colorado in 1938, was invited by several archaeologists who 
interested in this controversy to conduct an archaeological investig 
tion in the Mogollon country in New Mexico. After a conference in 
the fall of 1938 at Globe, he decided to do so. A thorough study 
the sherd collections at Gila Pueblo revealed four or five promisir 
sites in the west central part of New Mexico about 100 miles no 
of Silver City, and about 150 miles south of Gallup, near the sm 
town of Reserve. These sites seemed promising because the sui 
pottery from them consisted of only three types—all plain type 
It seemed likely that here would be found pure early phases whic’ 
might possibly throw light on the Mogollon problem. 

Permits for work on these sites in the Apache National Fore 
were obtained from the Division of Forestry of the United State 
Department of Agriculture. Dr. Martin and a few of his assistant 
devoted about ten days to building a camp of rough lumber, inas- 


DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY 47 


much as it was impossible to make other camping arrangements in 
the forest. 


The excavations were conducted entirely at one village, which 
was located on a low ridge. Seven pit-houses (out of a total of forty 
or more) and one surface room were cleared, and many long trenches 

were dug. The pit-houses were scattered without order along the 
top of the ridge, and proved to be difficult to excavate because the 
ground consisted of compact glacial gravels. Each pit-house differed 
from the others in certain details; but in general it may be said 
that each was about three feet deep and fifteen feet in diameter, 
and each was provided with an eastern entrance-way and had one 
or more rather deep and large pits sunk in the floor (Plate 3). 
These pits were probably used for cooking purposes, although 
they might also have served as storage or burial pits. One pit- 
house was very large (thirty-seven feet in diameter). Inasmuch 
as post-holes were found in all houses, it is assumed that all were 
roofed. Burned posts were recovered from a few of these post- 
holes, treated with paraffin, and shipped to the tree-ring laboratory 
at Gila Pueblo for study and dating. In all, twenty-five burials 
were recovered. It sometimes required from two to four days to 
excavate completely a single skeleton, because of the great care 
it was necessary to exercise in this work. In a few instances shell 
bracelets and stone pipes were found associated with burials, but 
never pottery. 


This very important skeletal material is now being repaired and 
restored by Miss Kelly. It is hoped from this study to learn what 
racial subdivision of the Mongoloid stock was responsible for the 
Mogollon culture. 


The pottery consisted of three types: a plain, polished brown 
ware; a rough, unpolished brown ware; and a polished red ware. 
This pottery is wholly and entirely unlike any from the Basket 
Maker-Pueblo or Hohokam cultures. About 15,000 sherds were 
recovered, from which fifteen or twenty whole vessels will be re- 
covered. This pottery is of extreme value because it probably 
represents some of the earliest, if not the earliest, pottery of North 
America. 


Stone and bone tools were numerous. Two hundred stone and 
twenty-five bone implements were recovered. In addition there 
were found a number of tiny turquoise beads, a carved stone fetish, 
and five or six delicate shell bracelets. The shell from which these 
bracelets were manufactured came from the Gulf of California, 


48 Fretp Museum oF NATURAL History—ReEportTs, VOL. 12 


about 500 miles distant. These stone and bone implements hai 
been very carefully studied, and many interesting details will 
reported in a publication scheduled to appear in 1940. The impt 
tant thing is that the preponderant majority of these stone and t 

implements show no relationship whatsoever to any similar 
plements from the Basket Maker-Pueblo or Hohokam cultures. 
is not possible at this time to make any very emphatic stateme 
about these implements, but it probably will be possible to 
that the stone and bone implements recovered by Field Muse 
are typologically related to other very much earlier horizons. 


Thus it seems possible to conjecture, if not to state positive 
that the Field Museum expedition discovered and excavated du 
its 1939 season an early pure Mogollon village. This statement 
based on the fact that the stone and bone implements, and 
pottery and other general features, differed entirely from any fou 
in the Hohokam or Basket Maker-Pueblo cultures. Dr. Martin 
of the opinion that what he has discovered and studied with t 
aid of his assistants does not constitute a hybrid culture or periphet 
branch of the Basket Maker-Pueblo complex, but is a manifestat 
of a third pure and important cultural entity in the South 
the Mogollon culture. 


Dr. Henry Field, Curator of Physical Anthropology, spent me 
of his time in 1939 in work on various publications. He complet 
the first part of The Anthropology of Iraq, and in addition ec 
tinued preparation of Physical Anthropology in the U.S.S.R. a 
Contributions to the Anthropology of Georgia, U.S.S.R. Dr. Fie 
also lectured and read papers before various organizations, includil 
the American Association for the Advancement of Science, t 
Geographic Society of Chicago, and the Archaeological Instit 
of America. For the general public he lectured by radio on o 
of the Science Service programs over the Columbia Broade: 
System. , 

Dr. Wilfrid D. Hambly, Curator of African Ethnology, ec 
pleted the manuscript Craniometry of New Guinea, which was on tl 
press at the end of the year. Dr. Hambly also planned, superv 
and completed a detailed catalogue of osteological material. 
catalogue describes all skulls and long bones, their provenance @ 
condition. From it, a student can readily ascertain what m 
is available, and exactly where it is located. In addition, all Afric 
material in storage has been sorted and rearranged, and a ¢ 
catalogue made for it. 


‘ield Museum of Natural History Reports, Vol. 12, Plate 4 


PRINTING IN ANCIENT CHINA 
Nine pieces of fifteenth century bronze movable type cast in Korea. The background illustrates 
another kind of printing—a page-size wood block, in which characters are carved 
All characters are in reverse 


Bronze type presented to the Museum by Mr. Thomas E. Donnelley 


DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY 49 


Dr. Albert B. Lewis, Curator of Melanesian Ethnology, spent 
the whole year supervising the sorting, cleaning, rearranging, and 
recording of the large storage collections in his charge. These were 
housed in four rooms, and were extensive enough to require the 
constant help of three WPA assistants. Dr. Lewis also visited 
Buffalo, New York, to arrange an exchange which brought to the 
Museum a number of rare old Melanesian specimens. 


| Mr. Richard A. Martin, Curator of Near Eastern Archaeology, 
‘spent all of 1939 in research and in cataloguing the hundreds of 
‘specimens from ancient Kish. These he arranged for exhibition 
in Hall K. In all, thirteen cases of this material have been installed 
this year under Curator Martin’s direction. 

The Curator of Chinese Archaeology and Ethnology, Mr. 
C. Martin Wilbur, devoted much of his time to securing Chinese 
‘archaeological collections by gift, exchange, and purchase, in order 
to supplement the Museum’s collections from sites or culture periods 
heretofore inadequately represented. The most notable of his results 
are listed in another part of this Report. Mr. Wilbur also has been 
working over plans for a future hall of Japanese archaeology and 
ethnology. Research on Chinese slavery in the Han period in 
China, and the writing of a book on that subject, were brought 
near to completion. 


| During the greater part of the year, Mrs. Edna Horn Mandel, 
Associate, Chinese Collections, worked on a detailed catalogue of 
the collections of Chinese paintings, with a view to establishing more 
precise attributions to Ch’ing dynasty painters represented. She 
continued to give invaluable assistance in the study of other Chinese 
specimens, which must be periodically re-examined in the light of 
more recent archaeological knowledge. In order to improve her 
research technique, she spent part of her time at the University of 
Chicago, and Columbia University, studying history, anthropology, 
-and the Chinese language. 


Mrs. Rose Miller, a volunteer working with Mr. Wilbur, is still 
engaged in the arrangement and cataloguing of more than 3,000 
Chinese rubbings of historical monuments, and this work, when 
finished, will be of great assistance. 

Two volunteer associates of Dr. Henry Field’s also contributed 
much to the Museum. Mr. Peter Gerhard prepared the complete 
catalogue of the map collection in the Museum. This includes 
1,100 maps. He also prepared thirteen maps for inclusion in two of 


50 FretpD Museum oF NATURAL History—ReEports, VOL. 12 


Dr. Field’s reports. Miss Anne Fuller assisted with the 
ment of archaeological material in the study collection. 


Reference has already been made to several publications du 
the year. Others which came from the press were: Volume XXI 
No. 3, Modified Basket Maker Sites, Ackmen-Lowry Area, Se 
western Colorado, 1938, by Dr. Paul S. Martin; Volume XX, Ne 
Archaeology of Santa Marta, Colombia, by Dr. J. Alden 
Volume 29, Contributions to the Anthropology of Iran, by Dr. Her 
Field; and Volume 31, No. 1, Anthropometric Observations on 
Eskimos and Indians of Labrador, by Dr. T. Dale Stewart. 

On the press at the end of the year, in addition to the p 
ously mentioned report of Dr. Hambly, was Volume 30, 
Anthropology of Iraq, Part I, The Upper Euphrates, by Dr. Her 
Field. 

Thirty-six articles for Field Museum News complete the list 
publications by the staff of the Department during 1939. D 
were furnished also for thirty-two newspaper articles. 


ACCESSIONS~-ANTHROPOLOGY 


The Department of Anthropology received forty-five accessic 
during 1939. These comprised 1,828 specimens, of which 350 
sulted from a Museum expedition, 165 were acquired by exchar 
307 were purchased, and the remaining 1,006 were gifts. A comp 
list of these accessions is appended to this Report (p. 120), t 
several deserve special mention here. 


Many of the outstanding accessions are of Chinese m 
A fortunate purchase gave the Museum a remarkable lacquer 
and painted wooden coffin grill from Ch’angsha in Hunan provir 
probably dating from the fourth century B.c. A _ beautiful 
handled pottery jug from an early people living near 
Tibetan border was also acquired. It is extremely rare—so 
as is known, there is no other like it in any American museum 
Other purchases and gifts include a study collection of prehistc 
black pottery sherds; a few small bronzes of Shang and Chou d. 
mostly weapons of types heretofore lacking in the collections; ant 
small groups of peasant embroideries, and of shadow-play figures 
from western China. Mr. Thomas E. Donnelley, of Chicago, aug 
mented the collection of Chinese printing material by a gift of sc 
of the earliest cast bronze movable type in existence, believed 
date from the middle of the fifteenth century (Plate 4). 


DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY 51 


In an exchange with the Buffalo Museum of Science some rare 
specimens were received for the Melanesian collection. Among 


them, two funerary Tridacna shell slabs are outstanding. 
By exchange with Logan Museum, of Beloit College in Wisconsin, 


the Department was enabled to represent in its exhibits and study 
collections certain important types of Southwestern Indian pottery, 
of which no specimens had been available heretofore. 


__A very valuable addition to the Museum’s European archaeo- 
logical collections was a gift from Mr. Alvan T. Marston, of London, 
England. It includes sixteen flint implements and one molar tooth 
cof an elephant, all of which were found in association with the 
‘Swanscombe skull at Swanscombe, Kent, England. 


__ Mr. Thorne Donnelley, of Chicago, presented three fine drums 
from Haiti, which are now on display in Hall D (African Ethnology). 
'The particular point of interest about these Haitian drums is their 
close resemblance to West African prototypes. They were used in 
Voodoo ceremonies and also in ordinary dances. 


CATALOGUING, INVENTORYING, AND LABELING—-ANTHROPOLOGY 


Thirty-three of the forty-five new accessions were entered, as 
| Were portions of two others. 


' Catalogue cards prepared during the year totaled 2,477. Of 
| these, 1,705 were entered. Since the opening of the first inventory 
| book, the total number of catalogue cards entered is 218,995. 


Distribution of catalogue cards for the current year was as 
| follows: North American archaeology and ethnology, 371; Central 
/and South American, and Mexican archaeology and ethnology, 6; 
| European and British archaeology, 273; Chinese, Japanese, Tibetan, 
_and Korean archaeology and ethnology, 107; African ethnology, 38; 
_ Madagascar ethnology, 9; Near Eastern archaeology (Iraq, Baby- 
- lonia, etc.), 817; Siamese ethnology, 6; Philippine ethnology, 4; 
| Melanesian ethnology, 174; and physical anthropology, 672. 


For use in exhibition cases, 1,533 labels were supplied by the 
_ Division of Printing. These were distributed as follows: Stone Age 
_ of the Old World, 529; North American archaeology and ethnology, 
462; Malayan ethnology, 24; Near Eastern archaeology, 403; 
| Chinese archaeology, 51; ethnology of the Philippine Islands, 18; 
_ Melanesian ethnology, 41; Hall of Man, 5. 


| Additional photographs numbering 154 were mounted in the 
departmental albums. Four new albums were opened. A special 


52 Fretp MuseEUM OF NATURAL History—Reports, VOL. 12 


file of about 1,000 racial type photographs has also been set 
under the direction of Dr. Field. Work was continued on the exter 
sive East Asiatic photograph file. 


INSTALLATIONS AND REARRANGEMENTS-~—ANTHROPOLOGY 


Hall K, which will house exhibits of material from the N 
East, is rapidly nearing completion. Under the direction of Cu 
Richard Martin, Preparator Herbert E. Weeks installed thirt 
cases, including pottery, tools, jewelry, etc., from Kish. Notak 
among the new cases completed is one containing a scale model 
a Kish chariot, complete with horses, driver, warrior, and weapor 
The horses and men were modeled by Mr. Frank Gino, WF 
assistant. The chariot, its fittings, and the weapons of the mel 
were made by Mr. Tokumatsu Ito, Ceramic Restorer on th 
Department staff. 

One of the new cases (No. 38) installed in Hall 32, is wort 
of particular notice. In it are life-size models of a Chinese be 
and girl, dressed in their school clothes, and surrounded by 
school materials, toys, etc. The contents of this interesting cas 
were secured through the assistance of Mrs. Elizabeth S. Stell 
of Tung-hsien, near Peking. 

In Hall 7 a new type of archaeological exhibit has been attemptec 
It is called “The Story of Southwestern Pottery,” and shows, t 
means of a table in genealogical style, the evolution of Southwester 
Indian pottery. This was planned and prepared under the supe 
vision of Chief Curator Paul S. Martin. 

A new case, finished in wood veneer in order to show porcela 
to better advantage, has been installed in George T. and 
Gaylord Smith Hall (Archaeology of China). It contains whit 
porcelain presented by the late Mrs. George T. (Frances Gaylore 
Smith. An added feature is the installation of lights which 
controlled by the spectator, so that he may examine patte 
underneath the glaze, which can be seen only by directed light. 

Another interesting installation, in Hall D (African Ethnology) 
consists of ceremonial masks, many of which are rare. A new ¢ 
of Solomon Island material was installed in Joseph N. Field E 
(Hall A), as well as several miscellaneous exhibits. 

A total of 271 miscellaneous specimens were restored during th 
year. The inside of the glass in exhibition cases in all halls 
thoroughly cleaned, and specimens were adjusted where nece 
With the assistance of WPA workers, the huge storage collectior 


DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY 53 


were cleaned and rearranged. A skilled plaster worker repaired 
and reconstructed pottery from Melanesia and the southwestern 
United States, in addition to reconstructing the foundation for, and 
painting and installing, the Kish chariot group. 

Many photographs were expertly prepared for Chief Curator 
-Martin’s report on the 1938 Southwest expedition, and many more 
were made during the 1939 expedition. Preparation was begun also 
on maps and ground plans for inclusion in the 1939 report. 
| Two volunteer associates have given invaluable help in South- 

western archaeology. Mr. John Rinaldo and Miss Marjorie Kelly, 
of the University of Chicago, continued their work on the material 
excavated by Dr. Martin in 1938. Both then joined the 1939 
expedition as volunteers in the field. Since their return, they have 
been engaged in restoration and research upon the 1939 material. 

The subject-geographical index of all the specimens in the 
Department is well under way. The largest section, that of North 
America, is finished in regard to the actual indexing, and its final 
typed form is approximately half complete. Already there have 
been many opportunities to prove its efficiency, even in its present 
incomplete state. 

All labels in exhibition cases have been checked for correctness, 
and the locations of all specimens in the storerooms so far worked 
over have been entered in the inventory books. 

A technical and editorial assistant worked most of the year on 
the extensive collections of Southwestern Indian pottery. These 
specimens have never been studied in the light of modern nomencla- 
ture and classification, and when this task has been completed, 
the results will be published. 


DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY 
EXPEDITIONS AND RESEARCH 


With funds supplied by Mr. Sewell L. Avery, a Trustee of the 
Museum, an expedition was conducted in Guatemala to gather 
material for a flora of that country now in preparation by Curator 
Paul C. Standley and Assistant Curator Julian A. Steyermark. 
The exploration was undertaken by Mr. Standley, who sailed from 
New Orleans November 16, 1938, arriving at Puerto Barrios on the 
north coast of Guatemala a few days later. He spent six months in 
the country, and returned to Chicago about the middle of May, 1939. 

During these months more than 30,000 herbarium specimens 
were obtained, representing 15,000 separate collections of plants. 


54 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—REports, VOL. 12 


The present progressive government of Guatemala has construct 
excellent automobile roads that reach almost every part of the ec 

try, except the large and sparsely populated Department of P 
These roads greatly facilitate exploration, and Mr. Standley 
able to visit and collect in twenty-two of the twenty-four depa 
ments of the country. 


For about half the time headquarters were maintained at t 
ancient and picturesque city of Antigua, former capital of Gu 
mala which was destroyed by an earthquake more than 150 y 
ago. From this center collecting excursions were made in all di 
tions, principally to various parts of the highlands, at elevatic 
ranging from 4,000 to 8,000 feet. A trip was made to the Oriente 
eastern Guatemala, toward the Salvador border, and shorter tri 
made possible an acquaintance with the flora of the Pacifie coa 
Although long ago accessible to visitors, this part of Guatem: 
had been neglected by botanical collectors, but was found to ha 
a highly varied flora, notable for extensive forests of pine and ¢ 
and a great variety of showy-flowered plants of many fam 
Perhaps no other region exhibits such a display of wild dahl 
scarcely inferior to ordinary cultivated ones, as well as wild marig 
(Tagetes), zinnias, and other plants with brilliantly colored flowe 


A month was spent near Quezaltenango, at an altitude ¢ 
almost 8,000 feet—a cold region, devoted to cultivation of wheat 
maize, with miles of hedges of maguey or century plants that rec. 
similar landscapes of central Mexico. From Quezaltenango tri 
were made to the bleak northern mountains of Huehuetenang 
whose flora is typically Mexican, and to the rich rain forests ¢ 
the Pacific bocacosta (the middle slopes of the mountains facing th 
Pacific), where much high-grade coffee is grown. Other excursior 
extended through the peculiar mountains of the Department of § 
Marcos, which are covered with white volcanic sand that appea 
at a distance like newly fallen snow. These mountains are dominat 
by pine, oak, and alder forest, and the unfolding, brilliant gree 
leaves of the alders in March give the landscape an appearance 
from tropical. At high elevations there are dense forests of t 
cypress and fir. 

From Quezaltenango, Mr. Standley ascended one day with 
Indian guide the Volcano of Santa Maria, one of the highest ar 
most famous voleanoes of Central America (almost 14,000 feet, 
which, at least at this dry season, afforded a rather disappointir 
flora, except for the handsome groves of pyramidal and column 


ea 
a 
= 


oS 


. 


ENE 


This exhibit represents a locality in Cook County just beyond the 


_ 
/ 


ILLINOIS WOODLAND SC 


A new group in the Hall of Plant Life (Hall 29). 


forest preserves at the moment of the maximum development of the characteristic spring flora 


ieee 
ee 


DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY 55 


eypress (Cupressus Benthamii). He had collected previously on 
the middle and upper slopes of some of the central voleanoes— 
Pacaya, Agua, Fuego, and Acatenango. 


After leaving the Occidente, another month was passed about 
Coban, center of the coffee region of Alta Verapaz. This area, 
long celebrated for its varied flora, is noteworthy for its great 
forests of pine and sweet gum (liquidambar), and for its many 
orchids. One of these, the monja blanca or white nun (an albino 
form of Lycaste Skinnert), is the national flower of Guatemala. 


Later, small collections were made in the vicinity of Zacapa 
and Chiquimula, a semi-desert area with many treelike cacti. Several 
weeks were spent finally on the north coast, the principal banana- 
producing region, where there is abundant rain forest, and a great 
variety of trees and shrubs. One of the most famous trees of the 
coast is the Guatemalan cow tree, Cowma guatemalensis, first dis- 
covered here by Mr. Standley some seventeen years earlier. 


The results of this expedition were more satisfactory than had 
been anticipated, chiefly because of convenient transportation, and 
the co-operation freely extended by several persons and organizations. 
Dr. J. R. Johnston, Director of the National School of Agriculture 
of Chimaltenango, was particularly helpful, and accompanied Mr. 


_ Standley to several regions of exceptional interest, including a tour 


of the northern and western departments, through the valley of 
the Rio Blanco, the fir forests of Totonicapdn, and many other 
localities. Don Mariano Pacheco Herrarte, of the Department of 
Agriculture, extended much practical assistance in the course of 
the expedition. Professor Ulises Rojas, of Guatemala City, 
was an efficient guide to various portions of the Occidente, 
especially the attractive region of Finca Pireneos, below Santa 
Maria de Jesis, in the Department of Quezaltenango. Mr. and Mrs. 
B. B. Lewis, of Guatemala City, were generous in hospitality and 
assistance, as were also Mr. and Mrs. L. Lind Petersen, of Finca 
Zapote, in the bocacosta west of Escuintla. Last and not least, 
acknowledgments are due to the United Fruit Company, especially 
to Mr. George B. Austin of Puerto Barrios, and to Dr. Wilson 
Popenoe, proprietor of a well-known historic house in Antigua. 

The botanical exploration in Guatemala is being continued into 
1940 with funds supplied by President Stanley Field. Assistant 
Curator Julian A. Steyermark left Chicago late in September and 
proceeded by way of New Orleans to Puerto Barrios. During the 
three months already passed in the field, he has devoted his atten- 


56 Fretp MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—ReEportTs, VOL. 12 


tion to the Oriente or eastern Guatemala, an area visited casually 
Mr. Standley. Dr. Steyermark worked for some time from Zacay 
visiting the Sierra de las Minas and other localities with abunda 
vegetation. He then botanized near Chiquimula, Concepcién de 
Minas, Jutiapa, and other towns of the Oriente. He has attempt 
particularly to obtain collections during the wet season, since 
vegetation withers quickly after the summer rains cease. 


Dr. Steyermark already has assembled a large series of specimer 
and plans to spend several months more in the field, especi 
in the rain forests of western Guatemala, which still are little kne 
to science. The ample material from these two expeditions, 
a large amount previously existing in the Museum Herbari 
affords much data for a descriptive flora of Guatemala. 


During the summer of 1939 Dr. Steyermark made several 
trips to Missouri, to continue his studies of the vegetation of 
state, in which he has been interested for many years. Speci: 
attention was devoted to spring plants of Missouri, about 
he has prepared a paper for publication. These visits resulted 
the collecting of a large quantity of herbarium material, for additic 
to the Museum’s permanent study series. He obtained a numt 
of new records for the Missouri flora, and particularly for his Spr 
Flora of Missouri. During the year he completed and submi 
for publication this important work, upon which he has been 
for several years. 


The Spring Flora of Missouri is a descriptive account, with 
for determination, of all flowering plants known to bloom in 
before June 1. It is to be issued jointly by the Missouri 
Garden and Field Museum. The description of each species 1 
accompanied by an original illustration, prepared under Dr. 
mark's direction at Field Museum by artists supplied by the W 
Progress Administration. 4 


Dr. Francis Drouet, Curator of Cryptogamic Botany, accom 
panied by Mr. Donald Richards, of the University of Chicago, lef 
in October on an expedition financed with funds furnished by 
President Stanley Field. The object was the collection of 
and other lower plants for the Cryptogamic Herbarium. The 
collecting centered about Las Vegas, New Mexico, and the work 
continued in the vicinity of Tucson, Arizona. The last six 
of the year were devoted to intensive collecting in various 
of Sonora. Several weeks were spent about Hermosillo, capital 
that Mexican state, with excursions into the mountains and to 


DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY 57 


Gulf of California. Exploration was conducted as far south as 
Guaymas, Sonora, and along various routes from there into the 
mountains. Great success was reported, especially in respect to 
the collecting of algae and mosses. A large series of flowering plants 
was also assembled. The party returned to the United States at 
_ the end of the year. 


Mr. Llewelyn Williams, Curator of Economic Botany, who was 
given leave of absence in 1938 to enter the service of the govern- 
ment of Venezuela, was expected to return to Field Museum early 
_ in 1940, but his furlough has been extended to permit further explo- 
ration. He is acting as aid to Professor Henry Pittier, veteran 
botanist of tropical America, in botanical exploration of Venezuela. 
During 1939 he engaged in an expedition to the Rio Caura, a little- 
known area, where he obtained a large and important series of plant 
material, consisting of herbarium specimens and wood samples. 
Data obtained there will supply important information regarding 
botanical features of this neglected portion of the Venezuelan Guiana. 


Mr. J. Francis Macbride, Associate Curator of the Herbarium, 
returned in December from Europe, where he has been engaged 
since late in the summer of 1929 in photographing type specimens 
of tropical American plants. Thus is concluded a Museum project 
covering more than ten years. Begun in 1929 with funds supplied 
for three years by the Rockefeller Foundation, the project was 
thereafter continued at the expense of the Museum until the end 
of 1939. During this time there have been photographed more than 
40,000 type and other historic specimens, representing almost as 
many species of plants, chiefly South American. During 1939 the 
Museum received 4,021 negatives made at the Muséum National 
d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris. 


The vast number of types photographed by Mr. Macbride 
covers the greater part of the plant species described from South 
America, and they give to Field Museum probably a better and more 
authentic representation of South American species than exists in 
any other institution. A great number of the photographs are 
accompanied by fragments or complete specimens, which greatly 
enhance their value for study purposes. 


Begun in 1939 at the Berlin Herbarium, the photographic work | 
was continued at Munich, Copenhagen, Geneva, Madrid, Vienna, 
and Paris. In view of the present precarious condition of these 
historic collections, due to perils incidental to the European war, the 
importance of such type photographs can scarcely be exaggerated. 


58 Fretp Museum oF NATURAL History—ReEports, VOL. 12 


If, as is quite possible, some of these historic collections should t 
destroyed, the accuracy of systematic classification or identificatior 
of plant species would be imperiled, and only these photographs 
with the fragments or specimens that accompany them, would t 
available for future students of American plants. 


The assembling of this extensive series of historic photograp! 
and specimens is without question the most important project 
systematic botany undertaken in America. Its value is recogniz 
by all botanists who have accurate knowledge of it. The phe 
graphs seem to be most highly esteemed by the enterprising bota 
ists of Argentina and Colombia, whose difficulties regarding ty 
are similar to those of North American botanists. Many reques 
are received for them, and during the past year 11,796 such prin 
were supplied to botanists of North and South America at cost, | 
in exchange for similar type photographs or for specimens desir 
by Field Museum. 


During 1939 an exceptionally large number of plant collectic 
has been received for study by the Herbarium staff, princip 
from Mexico and Central and South America. So extensive w 
this material that at the end of the year a large quantity of it 
still awaiting study. Care of the Herbarium and handling of ¢ 
rently received collections were greatly facilitated by the emp 
ment throughout 1939 of a large number of clerks, typists, 
mounters supplied by the Works Progress Administration of t 
federal government. 


There have been mounted and distributed into the Herbariu 
52,271 sheets of specimens and photographs. More than 2,1 
typewritten descriptions of plant species, prepared in the Depar 
ment or received in exchange, also have been added. These deserij 
tions, when available in the study series, obviate consultation 
the library and greatly facilitate determination and study of new 
old material. These figures are in excess of those for 1938, and a 
a gratifying evidence of the rapid growth of the Herbarium and ii 
increase in permanent scientific value. The total number of spec 
mens in the Herbarium at the end of the year was 991,343. T, 
collection is exceptionally rich in its representation of plants 
tropical America, especially those of Mexico and Central Americ 
Venezuela, Brazil, and Peru. 

Work of mounting current collections has been kept well up t 
date, and at the end of 1939 only a relatively small quantity o 
material awaited preparation. Distribution into the Herbariur 


(SZ N®H) 52UeI[g poo Jo [eH ey 10J Jossooy snine “A, Aq payo[dutood A[}Usded s[VINUL Jo Salios ay} JO aUCO 


VOIUAV NUMHLUON NI Ssadud TIO HAITO GWAILINIYNd 


TWaSSIOW ; 


Sayainy 


(NERS 
SS = S : < s 


2 


\ 


DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY 59 


kept pace with the mounting, thus making important new collec- 
tions immediately available for use. Some progress was made in 
cleaning and repairing sheets already in the study series in the 
herbarium of flowering plants. Many hundreds of new covers for 
genera and species were prepared, and the alphabetical and geo- 
graphic filing was checked and corrected in many groups. 


The Curator of Cryptogamic Botany, Dr. Francis Drouet, has 
been occupied with varied research during the year. With Mr. 
William A. Daily he completed a revision of the planktonic fresh- 
water species of Microcystis. A report on this work, based upon collec- 
tions in Field Museum and certain large herbaria of Europe and 
North America, was published by the Museum in December. Work 
upon a treatment of the filamentous Myxophyceae in the herbarium 
accumulated by Francis Wolle was also completed and published. A 
list of the Myxophyceae of Maryland by the Curator was published 
early in the year. Much time has been occupied with the prepara- 
tion of a myxophycean flora of Jamaica, a revision of the North 
American species of Plectonema, and a treatment of the filamentous 
Myxophyceae of northeastern North America. Work on the first 
two papers is expected to be completed early in 1940. In prepara- 
tion for them, the Curator visited the New York Botanical Garden 
in January, and Albion College, the University of Michigan, and 
Wayne University in February. 


Field work was carried on in Indiana and Illinois on several 
occasions by Dr. Drouet in company with Mr. Donald Richards, 
Dr. G. T. Velasquez, and others. 


A major project completed during 1939 was the renovation of 
the packaging and mounting of specimens in the algal collection. 
With the exception of the larger marine algae, the specimens are 
now filed in paper packets, each mounted upon a single herbarium 
sheet. It is hoped that this arrangement will give impetus to 
monographic work among these plants. A very material beginning 
was made toward a similar renovation of the collection of mosses 
by Mr. Donald Richards of the Hull Botanical Laboratory, Uni- 
versity of Chicago. In the mounting of specimens in the crypto- 
gamic herbarium, much credit is due the workers supplied by the 
Works Progress Administration. 


Four parts of the Botanical Series were issued during the year, 
the most voluminous being the sixth and final part of Volume XVII, 
consisting of two papers by Dr. E. E. Sherff, Research Associate in 


60 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—REports, VOL. 12 


Systematic Botany. These papers are entitled Hawaiian Euphe 
biaceae and Labiatae and Compositae. 

Of Volume 20, three parts were printed, all devoted to algae: 
No. 1, The Myxophyceae of Maryland, and No. 2, Francis Wolle’s” 
Filamentous Myzxophyceae, both by Curator Francis Drouet; 
and No. 3, The Planktonic Freshwater Species of Microcystis, 
Dr. Drouet and Mr. William A. Daily. 


Two botanical leaflets were published, both written by Mi 
Sophia Prior. They are No. 23, an account of Carnivorous Plant 
and “‘the Man-eating Tree,”’ and No. 24, issued just before the Chri 
mas holiday season, entitled Mistletoe and Holly. 

A few abstracts and reviews of current literature were prep: 
by members of the Department staff for the periodical Tropic 
Woods, edited at Yale University by Professor Samuel J. Recore 
Research Associate in Wood Technology at Field Museum. 


The staff contributed numerous signed articles and brief note 
to Field Museum News, and supplied information for newspape 
articles. Curator Standley and Assistant Curator Steyermark puk 
lished during the year a number of short papers dealing with plant 
of the United States and tropical America. Several other manu 
scripts by members of the Department staff, based on studies ¢ 
the Museum collections, have been prepared for publication or 
nearing completion. 

During the year more than 19,600 specimens of plants were suk 
mitted to the Department for study and determination. These we 
principally from Mexico, Central and South America, and th 
United States. Most of this material was retained at the Museur 
and only a small part had to be returned to the senders. Numerot 
local specimens that were not retained for the Herbarium 
brought to the Museum for naming by residents of the Chica 
region, particularly students and teachers. Hundreds of inquirie 
were answered by letter, telephone, and interview, regarding th 
most varied aspects of botanical science. 

Throughout the year the Herbarium was consulted by visitir 
botanists from near and remote parts of the United States, and fre 
several foreign countries. Much use has been made of it by scienti 
and students from the educational institutions in or near Chicag 
or elsewhere in Illinois or neighboring states. It is the only lars 
herbarium within a radius of several hundred miles, and this regic 
possesses numerous educational centers at which work in systemat 
botany is carried on. Some of the visitors who came to study crypt 


DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY 61 


gams remained for several weeks. The collections, of course, were 
used constantly by the Department staff, for work in determination 
and as the basis of original studies. 


ACCESSIONS—BOTANY 


In 1939 there were received in the Department of Botany 380 
accessions, comprising 88,514 items. The total number of accessions 
received was approximately the same as in 1938, but the number of 
specimens included in them was seventy-five per cent greater. The 
accessions included material for the exhibits, the Herbarium, and 
the wood and economic collections. Classified by sources, 18,635 
came as gifts, 20,842 in exchange, 4,974 were purchased, 37,568 were 
obtained by Museum expeditions, 4,021 were negatives of type 
specimens made in Europe by Associate Curator J. Francis Macbride, 
and 2,474 were photographic prints transferred from the Museum’s 
Division of Photography. 

Of the total receipts, items for the Herbarium amounted to more 
than 87,000, including plant specimens, photographs, typed descrip- 
tions, and type negatives. The largest accession of the year con- 
sisted of approximately 30,000 specimens collected in Guatemala by 
Curator Standley, as described upon a preceding page. Among 
other material gathered by members of the Department staff were 
5,107 specimens from Missouri, obtained by Assistant Curator 
Steyermark, and 1,730 Venezuelan plants collected by Curator 
Llewelyn Williams. 


The largest of the exchanges received during the year consisted 
of 7,050 specimens forwarded from Paris by the Muséum National 
d'Histoire Naturelle, through the Director (Phanérogamie), Dr. Henri 
Humbert. This collection consists chiefly of historic material from 
tropical America, and supplements the series of type photographs 
made in the Paris Herbarium by Associate Curator Macbride. A 
collection of similar nature consisting of 2,700 specimens was trans- 
mitted by the Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques, Geneva, through 
the Director, Dr. B. P. G. Hochreutiner. Both of these sendings 
continue the liberal contributions made by these institutions in 
former years. 


Other important exchanges received during 1939 include 1,446 
sheets of Chinese plants, from the Arnold Arboretum, Jamaica Plain, 
Massachusetts; 188 specimens of California plants, from the Cali- 
fornia Academy of Sciences, San Francisco; 480 Pennsylvania plants 
from the Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh; 3380 plants of North and 


62 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—REportTs, VOL. 12 


South America, from the Catholic University, Washington, D. 
643 Panama plants from the Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Low 
162 South American specimens from the Museo Argentino ¢ 
Ciencias Naturales, Buenos Aires; 301 Uruguayan plants from tt 
Museo de Historia Natural, Montevideo; 1,157 South Americ 
specimens from the New York Botanical Garden; 1,185 specime 
and typed descriptions from the United States National Museur 
Washington, D.C.; and 765 specimens of Mexican and Cent 
American plants, from the Herbarium of the University of Michiga 
Ann Arbor. 


Gifts of phanerogamic material consisted of 16,478 items, 
included much of the most valuable material that reached the He 
barium during the year. Outstanding among them was a series 
1,772 specimens of Brazilian plants, collected by Professor Mel 
Barreto and presented by the Jardim Botanico of Belo Horizont 
Other South American collections received by gift included 2¢ 
Colombian plants from Brother Apolinar-Maria, Bogota; 80 Color 
bian specimens from Brother H. Daniel, Medellin; 973 Venezuel. 
plants from the Direccién Técnica of the Ministerio de Agricultura } 
Cria, Caracas, transmitted by Professor Henry Pittier; 229 Peruvi: 
plants from Professor J. Soukup, Puno; and 95 Peruvian specimer 
from Dr. César Vargas G., Cuzco. 


An unusually large amount of Central American material 
received during 1939. Among gifts may be mentioned 767 Gu 
malan plants presented by the collector, Don José Ignacio Aguil 
G., Guatemala; 150 specimens from Mexico and Central Americ 
from Mrs. George Artamonoff, Chicago; 135 Panama plants fre 
Miss Marjorie Brown, Bennington, Vermont; 130 Costa Rican spe 
mens from the Centro Nacional de Agricultura, San Pedro Mont 
de Oca; 135 Costa Rican plants from Professor Winslow R. Hate 
Hanover, New Hampshire; 192 Costa Rican plants from the Muse 
Nacional, San José, through the Director, Professor Juvenal Valer 
Rodriguez; and 255 Guatemalan plants collected and presented t 
Professor Carl L. Wilson, Hanover, New Hampshire. 

Among gifts of plants collected in other areas are 2,145 spec 
mens from the Department of Botany of the University of Chicag 
711 specimens and photographic negatives, principally of Hawaii: 
plants, from Dr. Earl E. Sherff, Chicago; 191 Mexican plants fre 
Mr. Richard A. Schneider, Kankakee, Illinois; 1,102 specimens — 
United States plants, many of them collected long ago in the Chicay 
region, presented by Mr. Gordon Pearsall, River Forest, Illine 


DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY 63 


600 Mexican plants from Mr. Harde LeSueur, Austin, Texas; 620 
Mexican plants from Professor Leslie A. Kenoyer, Kalamazoo, 
Michigan; 350 Illinois plants, from the Illinois State Museum, 
Springfield; 628 sheets of Arkansas plants from the Agricultural 
and Mechanical College, Monticello, Arkansas; 269 United States 
plants from Mr. Hermann C. Benke, of Chicago, in continuation of 
his former extensive donations of herbarium material; 161 Philippine 
plants, from the Botanical Museum of Harvard University, Cam- 
bridge; 165 plants of Texas and Mexico, from Mr. George L. Fisher, 
Houston, Texas; 1,650 plants of the western United States, from 
Dr. Herbert M. Evans, Berkeley, California; and 658 specimens of 
Mexican plants, collected by Mr. Virginius H. Chase and presented 
by Mr. Harry Hoogstraal, Chicago. 


For the Cryptogamic Herbarium, 5,643 specimens were acces- 
sioned in 1939. Of these 2,016 were received as gifts or through 
collecting by members of the staff; 1,448 were received in exchanges 
with other institutions and individuals; and 2,179 were received 
by purchase. 


Among the more important gifts received are 305 marine algae 
of North America and Italy collected by Professor I. F. Lewis, 
University of Virginia; 256 miscellaneous cryptogams from the 
Estate of Abigail Butler; 257 algae of the southern Appalachian 
Mountains, from Professor Harold C. Bold, of Vanderbilt University 
and Barnard College; 138 algae of the north central states from Mr. 
William A. Daily, of the University of Cincinnati; 172 cryptogams 
from the herbarium of Paul Blatchford, chiefly from Illinois and 
New England, received from Mr. Gordon Pearsall, of Chicago; 
105 cryptogams of Missouri, from Mrs. Cora Shoop Steyermark, 
Chicago; 52 algae from Mr. Preston Smith, of Oberlin College; and 
45 specimens of algae from Dr. G. T. Velasquez, of the University 
of the Philippines. 


The collections made by members of the Museum staff consist 
principally of 205 cryptogams of Illinois and Indiana obtained by 
Curator Francis Drouet in company with others; 87 algae collected 
by Mr. John R. Millar, on the Sewell L. Avery Expedition to Nova 
Scotia, 1938; and 58 cryptogams collected in Missouri by Dr. Julian 
A. Steyermark. In addition, a thousand or more cryptogams col- 
lected by Mr. Paul C. Standley were received as a result of the 
Sewell L. Avery Expedition to Guatemala, 1938-39. 


The chief lots of specimens received in exchange are 575 cryp- 
togams of California and the South Pacific islands from Dr. F. R. 


64 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HistorYy—ReEportTs, VOL. 12 


Fosberg, formerly of the University of Pennsylvania; 257 algae: 
the Philippines from the Departments of Botany of the Unive 
of Michigan and the University of the Philippines; 202 miscellar 
algae from the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm; 184 M 
phyceae from Mr. J. C. Strickland, of the University of Virgin 
72 miscellaneous algae from the New York Botanical Garden; a 


54 algae of Massachusetts from Miss Alma Rutledge, Baltimor 

Purchases included Erbario Crittogamico Italiano, Series I 
11 fascicles (850 specimens); Farlow, Anderson and Eaton, . 
Americae Borealis Exsiccatae, 229 specimens; Hepaticae Select 
et Criticae, Series 11 (50 specimens); Musci Selecti et Critici, § 
6 (50 specimens); and Rabenhorst, Algen Europas, 1,000 specimer 

All of the specimens thus received have been filed in the 
togamic Herbarium. 

The herbarium of Francis Wolle, consisting of more than 2,( 
specimens of cryptogams, mostly algae, was deposited on loan 
the Museum’s Cryptogamic Herbarium by Mr. Philip W. Wol 
of Princess Anne, Maryland, in January, 1939. Along with mar 
specimens collected by the Rev. Mr. F. Wolle himself, the collect 
contains most of the material received by the Rev. Mr. Wolle 
exchanges with European and American botanists. The first twent 
one volumes of Wittrock and Nordstedt, Algae Aquae Dulcis Ex. 
catae, are included. The greater portion of the herbarium has r 
been mounted and placed on file in the general collection. 

Of specimens received for the exhibits the most notable 
splendid plank, two feet wide, of the west coast mahogany of southe 
Mexico and Central America (Swietenia humilis). This was rece 
as a gift from Mr. L. Lind Petersen, Escuintla, Guatemala. 

To Mr. Edwin C. Guest, of the Rubber Institute, Kuala Lumpt 
Federated Malay States, the Department of Botany is indebted fi 
a fruiting branch of durian, and for fresh nipa palm seeds for growir 

Garfield Park Conservatory, through its Chief Horticulturi: 
Mr. August Koch, has as usual co-operated with the Department 
Botany in many ways, by furnishing specimens of plants for preserv 
tion in the Herbarium and for use in the exhibits, and by growi 
plants for study or exhibition from seeds received from collecte 
abroad. The old Oriental lotus seeds germinated in the Museum 
1938 were thus grown in Garfield Park and brought into flov 
during the past summer. In the same manner, many palms 
Garfield Park Conservatory have been grown from seeds collected 
Field Museum expeditions. In the absence of greenhouse facilit 


DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY 65 


in the Museum’s Department of Botany, the co-operation afforded 
through the courtesy of Mr. Koch has been particularly valuable. 


Important loans were received, from the United States Depart- 
ment of Agriculture, of photographs of American forest types made 
by the Forest Service, and of a microfilm of the botany catalogue of 
the Department of Agriculture Library, from which its extensive 
subject catalogue may be duplicated here. 


CATALOGUING, INVENTORYING, AND LABELING—-BOTANY 


During 1939 there were distributed in exchange to institutions 
and individuals in North and South America, and Europe, 70 lots 
of material, amounting to 8,666 items, including herbarium speci- 
mens, wood specimens, photographs, and typed descriptions of 
plants. One item sent was a botanical index, consisting of about 
100,000 separate cards. Sixty-six lots of material, comprising almost 
8,000 separate items, were received on loan for study or determina- 
tion, and 85 lots, including 11,627 specimens, were lent for determina- 
tion or for use in monographic studies. 

Records of botanical accessions, loans, and exchanges have been 
kept by Miss Edith M. Vincent, Librarian of the Department. 
Geographical and collectors’ indexes of material in the study series 
have been kept up to date, as has also the card catalogue of the 
economic collections (including a new systematic index of the study 
collection of woods), with the aid of workers from the Works Progress 
Administration. Many of these workers gave a large amount of 
assistance in arrangement and reorganization of reference and 
exchange material, herbarium and economic specimens, and woods. 
They wrote more than 165,700 catalogue cards for permanent and 
temporary files, besides many thousands of herbarium and wood 
collection labels. 

Labels have been prepared, printed, and installed for all current 
additions to the exhibits, and many old ones have been revised. 
The last of the few remaining black exhibition labels have finally 
been eliminated. 


INSTALLATIONS AND REARRANGEMENTS—BOTANY 


In the Hall of Food Plants (Hall 25) the series of murals 
begun last year was carried forward during the year by Mr. Julius 
-Moessel, and is approaching completion. These murals all have 
reference to the subject matter of the exhibits which they supple- 
ment. They consist of a series of scenes portraying the principal 


66 FreELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. 12 


human activities growing out of man’s quest of vegetable food, vi 
the gathering, cultivation, and harvesting of food plants, and tk 
preparation and distribution of their products. The series begir 
with scenes of simple food-gathering and a primitive type of planting 
followed by hoe-cultivation, rice-growing under irrigation, plowin 
and broadcast sowing of grain, threshing and milling, sugar an 
edible oil production, transportation and trade in exotie product 
water-borne commerce with foreign countries, a tropical marke 
scene, and a present day wholesale vegetable market. 


In general, the murals parallel the arrangement of the exhibi 
in the hall. The scenes showing planting and preparation of the 
soil for crops represent various types of cultivation of food plan 
in different parts of the world. 


Some form of cultivation of grain having been the basis of ci 
zation everywhere, several murals are devoted to this importar 
subject. Sugar production is portrayed in a scene showing a coloni 
sugar plantation in Brazil where sugar cane was first grown on tk 
American continent. The one picture showing vegetable oils 
based on the recent discovery of ancient remains of a primitive typ 
of olive oil press on the north coast of Africa. The spice trade 
represented by a caravan scene from the region north of the Persia 
Gulf. The beginning of water-borne commerce in foreign food | 
products is depicted in the mural showing French coffee buyers i 
Arabia. This was reproduced in last year’s Report. A m 
depicting a market scene in southern Mexico is followed by a 
picture of a present-day wholesale vegetable market, such as mai 
be found in any large northern city of the United States. The serie 
will be closed with two maps. One will show the ancient tra¢ 
routes over which contact was maintained between the East an 
West up to the time of the discovery of the sea routes and the resull 
ant general interchange of cultures and products which profoundl: 
changed the food plant situation everywhere. The second map wi 
show the main centers of origin of food plants and of the beginning 
of their cultivation. 

The artist, Mr. Moessel, is a well-known mural painter of la 
experience and ability. The pictorial excellence of the pictures an 
their artistic qualities are evident to all who have seen them. The 
are not only highly decorative, forming an interesting and instru 
tive feature of the hall which they embellish, but they contribu 
effectively to an appreciation of the exhibits to which they 
It may be said that with the completion of this series of murals, 


DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY 67 


food plant exhibit as a whole becomes more distinctly a unit, rather 
than merely a collection of classified and labeled items. The presence 
in the hall of a collection of palms interferes little, if at all, with the 
total result achieved. 
The principal addition to the exhibits in the Hall of Plant Life 
(Hall 29) was a large diorama, or so-called background group, show- 
/ing the vegetation of a characteristic Illinois woodland (Plate 5). 
This group, which should please all those interested in the beauties 
_of the local flora as it still exists in the environs of the city, is placed 
‘in the northwest corner of the main botanical hall where it adjoins 
the alpine scene completed last year. The new group reproduces a 
/ selected spot in mixed woods at the edge of the present forest pre- 
serves, as it appears late in May when the leaves of the bass-wood 
| are still only half expanded and those of the white oak still drooping 
-and pink. The ground is covered with phlox, Virginia blue-bells, 
and blue-eyed Mary, with marigolds along the streambed, and with 
| white and red trillium, adder’s tongue, Jack-in-the-pulpit, geranium, 
_ May apple, and columbine on the rising ground to one side. It isa 
_ typical local spring flower assemblage, including the shrubs and vines 
common in the local woods. 


The Museum is indebted to the Superintendent of the Cook 
County forest preserves for several tree trunks that form a part of 
_ this exhibit. The reproduction of the numerous plants in this group 
_ was carried out in the work shops and laboratories of the Depart- 
| ment of Botany under the supervision of Mr. Emil Sella, Chief 
' Preparator of Exhibits, aided by Mr. Milton Copulos, Artist-Prepara- 
' tor, and many skilled workers supplied by the Works Progress 
_ Administration. The background painting is the work of Mr. 
| Arthur G. Rueckert, Staff Artist. 
| This local woodland scene is the second of six groups planned for 
_ Hall 29 to show types of plant associations characteristic of different 
environments. The present group, with its painted landscape set- 
_ ting, serves as an example of woodland vegetation of the northern 
temperate zone. 

Other groups on the same plan, but representing very different 
- environments with very different vegetation, are in process of prepa- 
' ration, and it is to be expected that some of these will be completed 
_ during the coming year. 


So much work was required in the construction of this group 
| that few other additions could be made to the exhibits in the hall. 
Among these few, the most recent is a durian fruit on its branch, 


68 FieLpD MuseuM oF NATURAL History—Reports, VoL. 12 


reproduced from a specimen sent from the Federated Malay Sta 
by Mr. Edwin Guest, who was a visitor to the Museum about tw 
years ago. It is one of the very few such specimens for exhibitio 
obtained from a person not directly connected with the M 
but collected in accordance with Museum instructions. 
packed, it arrived in excellent condition. The durian, which h 
the reputation of being the most evil-smelling yet perhaps t 
most delicious of fruits, had long been desired for the exhibits. 
was the one fruit lacking to give the Museum a rather full 
sentation of the principal kinds of tropical fruits, and its acquisit 
is recorded with satisfaction. 

In recent years efforts have been made to add also to the repr 
sentation of the fruits of the temperate zone, and Mr. Copu 
completed early in the year a handsome reproduction of a branch 
Bartlett pear collected for the purpose many years ago in nig: 
Some work was done during the year also on other such exhibits fe 
the Hall of Plant Life. 


Completed for Hall 28, which is devoted to plant raw mate 
and products, was a branch of the Mexican rubber tree, Casti 
elastica, with a trunk of the same, showing scars of incisions for tay 
ping. This has been placed with the other rubber trees. The Me 
can rubber tree is of interest as being the species selected for plan 
ing when rubber plantations were first established. Its latex 
known in pre-Columbian days and was used by the Indians for the 
rubber balls. 

Some progress was made on a diorama of a primitive sta 
making plant for Hall 25. For Charles F. Millspaugh Hall (the EF 
of North American Woods) some fifteen transparencies were colore 
and frames were prepared for about twice that number. 

With many new photographs of forest types available, 
by the United States Forest Service, good progress with t 
parencies for this hall should be made during 1940. 

In the Hall of Foreign Woods (Hall 27) several new instz ” 
were made, including a case of Philippine woods, the gift in lar 
part of the Cadwallader-Gibson Company, of Los Angeles, Cal 
fornia; and a case of Mexican woods containing material present 
by the Mexican government, the Mexico Land Transportation Con 
pany, and Mr. S. M. Le Barron, of New Orleans. An assortment 
Russian woods acquired by the Museum in 1893, and exhibit 
when the Museum was housed in its former Jackson Park Buildi 
was refinished and installed with new labels in Hall 27. They inclu 


DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY 69 


red Baltic pine, northern pine, Norway spruce, European larch, elm, 
linden, aspen, and hornbeam. The Japanese wood exhibits, con- 
densed last year, were arranged in more compact order in the hall, 
making room for a more adequate display of Philippine and other 
woods, the exhibits of which need to be augmented. 


DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY 
EXPEDITIONS AND RESEARCH 


An expedition to western Colorado spent nearly three months 
collecting fossil mammals from the upper Paleocene deposits in the 
Plateau Valley, De Beque area, Mesa County. Work in this region 
has been carried on at intervals since 1932. The expedition personnel 
consisted of Mr. Bryan Patterson, Assistant Curator of Paleontology, 
and Mr. James H. Quinn, Assistant in Paleontology, who were 
joined for parts of the season by Messrs. Robert G. Schmidt, Paul 
G. Clark, Leonard C. Bessom, and Harold E. Pearson. The party 
was fortunate in finding excellently preserved remains of several 
individuals of a new pantodont. Pantodonts were primitive hoofed 
mammals that have left no descendants, have no close living rela- 
tives, and were the first mammalian order to evolve large animals. 
Two partial skeletons of Barylambda, the type of which was found 
by an earlier expedition, were excavated. Remains of medium-sized 
and small mammals are rarer in the Plateau Valley deposits than 
they are at other Paleocene localities, but more specimens of this 
type were secured there during this season than at any time in 
the past. 

In addition to its activities in Paleocene deposits, the expedition 
collected fossil plant material from the Dakota, Hunter Canyon, 
and Williams Fork formations of the Cretaceous, and fossil plants 
and insects from the Eocene Green River formation. Two days 
were spent visiting old localities in the lower Eocene of the Rifle 
area. A number of interesting specimens were found, the most note- 
worthy of which were complete legs of the small four-toed horse 
Hyracotherium. 

An expedition to South Dakota, under the leadership of Mr. 
Paul O. McGrew, Assistant in Paleontology, included as collectors 
Messrs. John Schmidt and Orville L. Gilpin. This party spent two 
and one-half months collecting fossil mammals in Pliocene stream- 
bed deposits near Martin, South Dakota. A large fauna was obtained 
which included specimens of some thirty genera. Most of these are 
new to the Museum collections, and several represent hitherto un- 


70 Fretp Museum oF NATURAL History—Reports, VoL. 12 


known species. Among the most important are nearly complet 
composite skeletons of an extinct camel, Procamelus, and an 
tral horse, Pliohippus. In addition to these, there are specimens 
an extremely rare genus of saber-tooth cat, a rhinoceros, a sm 
extinct beaver and several other rodents, four kinds of horses, sm 
antelopes, four different genera of dogs, and several genera of oth 
mammals now extinct. 


Mr. Sharat K. Roy, Curator of Geology, spent three 
visiting the University of lowa, Harvard University, Peaboeys 
seum at Yale University, and the United States National Mu: 
The purpose of these visits was to examine certain middle and wi 
Ordovician type specimens, and to discuss with speckalialitl om 
of the controversial problems that had arisen during the prep 
of his Baffin Land monograph. 


Mr. Bryant Mather, Assistant Curator of Mineralogy, durin 
an expedition of two weeks, visited forty-seven mineral loca 
ties in the northeastern states, and collected eighty-seven miner 
species, seven of which were new to the Museum collection. 
also made short field trips on Saturdays and Sundays to localitie 
within 300 miles of Chicago, and thus obtained a much great 
quantity of useful material than it had been expected this regic 
would yield. 


Research and publication in the field of vertebrate paleonte 
were carried on as opportunity offered. Five papers were publisher 
A joint paper by Mr. Elmer S. Riggs, Curator of Paleontology, 
Assistant Curator Bryan Patterson, on Stratigraphy of the 
Miocene and the Pliocene of the Province of Catamarca, nti 
was published in the journal Physis, of Buenos Aires. The Skelete 
of Coryphodon, by Mr. Patterson, was published in the Proceedin 
of the New England Zoological Club. Four papers on vertet 
paleontology, written by members of the staff, appeared in F 
Museum publications. These were: New Pantodonta and Dinoce 
from the Upper Paleocene of Western Colorado, by Mr. Patterson; 
New Amphicyon from the Deep River Miocene and Nanodelphys, 
Oligocene Didelphine, by Mr. Paul O. McGrew, and A Specimen 
Elasmosaurus serpentinus, by Mr. Riggs. Three other papers” 
vertebrate paleontology were prepared, but have not yet been p 
lished. Substantial progress was made by Assistant Curator P 
son on his memoir on large extinct South American birds, some 
which are of gigantic size. An article on meteorites by Chief Cura 
Henry W. Nichols appeared in the Scientific Monthly. Numere 


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SAUNDIA NALLVISNVNGIM ONIMOHS SULIYMOULHAW AO SNOILLOUS GHHOLY 


a}IOIJOJY 8910g BT ayWoajay] UojeTde yy 


wmant 


yarvensit’ OF HLLINOKS 
URBANA 


DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY va 


articles by members of the Department staff appeared during the 
year in Field Museum News. 


Curator Roy devoted the greater part of the year to completing 
the monograph on the Baffin Land fossils which he collected several 
years ago as geologist for the Rawson—MacMillan Expedition to 
Labrador and Baffin Land. The paper is not quite ready for the 
press, but the fauna, consisting of 114 species, forty-seven of which 
are new, have been described, and photographs of all macrofossils 
have been made and captioned. The two main items remaining to 
be done are photographing the microfossils, chiefly ostracods, and 
the final revision. This monograph deals with problems of Arctic 
Ordovician stratigraphy. 


The appointment to an assistant curatorship of Mr. Henry 
Herpers, who is an experienced chemist as well as a geologist, has 
made possible resumption of work in the chemical laboratory upon 
the scale its importance deserves. The laboratory has been modern- 
ized and provided with a combustion furnace, titrimetric apparatus, 
vacuum pump and other needed equipment. It is now in shape to 
meet demands upon it efficiently and economically. The accuracy 
of the analytical methods used has been tested against standard test 
material from the United States Bureau of Standards. 


Renovation of the laboratory was completed late in the year, 
after which regular work of analysis and investigation was resumed. 
An iron meteorite was analyzed for use in meteorite studies for 
publication, and analyses of three more are under way. Three 
limestones and one granite were analyzed for Mr. Roy’s monograph 
on Baffin Land. Some of the fossil bones collected on expeditions 
of 1939 are badly stained, and a successful method of bleaching 
them was developed and tried out experimentally. One of the 
bones was analyzed to determine whether certain proposed treat- 
ments could be safely used. 


As deterioration of the painted backgrounds of many exhibits 
should be minimized in every possible way, Mr. Herpers made a 
thorough investigation of the purity and durability of pigments used 
by the Museum Staff Artist. Numerous partial and some complete 
qualitative analyses for identifications of specimens were made as 
usual. Nine antique bronzes were restored by the Fink process for 
the Department of Anthropology, 560 gallons of alcohol were puri- 
fied by redistillation for the Department of Zoology, and distilled 
Water was provided wherever it was needed. A new method of 
etching meteorites, developed in the United States National Mu- 


72 Fretp MuseuM oF NATURAL History—REportTs, VOL. 12 


seum, was tried out and has been adopted as standard p 
This method produces sharper figures and imparts brighter lust 
than did the method formerly in use. 

Work in the vertebrate paleontology laboratories has continue 
along the usual lines of preparation of material for exhibition a 
study. Skeletons of the Pliocene horse, Plesippus shoshonensis, t 
Pleistocene bison, Bison antiquus, and the small water deer, 
meryx evansi, were mounted. A series of specimens showing t 
evolution of the camel was designed and prepared for exhibitic 


Assistance, by Works Progress Administration workers un¢ 
supervision of Museum staff members, in the work of prepari 
specimens has continued steadily. An important part of a ce 
lection received from the State Teachers’ College, at Chadre 
Nebraska, has been prepared. A large part of the mee : 
Pliocene mammals from the South Dakota expedition was also p 
pared under the supervision of Mr. McGrew, and the ~~ ode 
collected by the Colorado expedition is in process of preparation 
Construction work for mounting two skeletons of South 4 i 
fossil birds is nearly completed. The large collection of fossil isl 
lizards is being repaired, and mounts for these specimens are ii 
course of renovation. 


A diorama of the Devil's Tower, a famous voleanie neck i 
Wyoming, has been in preparation for most of the year by a WP 
artist. Near the close of the year this work was temporarily di 
continued owing to loss of the services of the artist. 

Specimens frequently require sawing or polishing. Apps 
for sawing, devised by the Chief Curator, and for polishing, desi 
through the co-operative efforts of several members of the staff, 
built in the Department workroom and is now in steady operatic 
As none of the staff had experience in polishing minerals, mi 
experimentation was necessary before the present efficient equi] 
ment could be perfected. The equipment consists of a saw, a grit 
stone for smoothing, and a wooden wheel for polishing. The saw 
modification of the Vanderwilt saw used by the United States Gee 
logical Survey and the University of Arizona. Sawing is effect 
by loose abrasive automatically fed to a reciprocating blade of st 
iron. The Museum saw is enlarged from the earlier Vande 
design so that it can saw larger specimens, and the automatic 
sive feed and some other features are modified for smoother operatic 
As experience in its use was acquired, it became possible to opera 
it for several hours without attention. The grindstone for smoothn 


DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY ie 


follows the practice in Oberstein, Germany, where the principal 
industry for more than 200 years has been agate polishing. Smooth- 
ing is finished on a canvas-covered horizontal lap charged with fine 
abrasive. Final polishing is on a wooden wheel charged with polish- 
ing powder. The equipment has proved to be both economical and 
efficient. Many of the ecryptocrystalline quartzes collected in the 
Northwest in 1938 have been polished. Slices have been cut from 
a number of meteorites, and excellent specimens for the physical 
geology exhibit in Clarence Buckingham Hall (Hall 35) have been 
prepared by sawing specimens that were useless in their original state. 


The Museum supplied material from the Pultusk meteorite (which 
fell in Poland in 1868) to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology 
for an important research conducted by Professor Robley D. Evans 
to determine the age of the earth and of the universe. Preliminary 
results of this research have been published by Field Museum Press. 
Specimens of silver ores from Mexican mines were sent to the Uni- 
versity of Chicago for the use of Professor E. S. Bastin in a research 
on the paragenesis of certain Mexican ores. Two meteorites were 
lent to Mr. Stuart Perry, a recognized authority on meteorites, to 
be used in conjunction with specimens from other institutions in 
research on certain features of an uncommon group of meteorites. 


Specimens sent or brought in for identification have been more 
numerous than usual. While most of these can be identified at a 
glance, enough of them have required careful study to consume much 
time of the staff. The Mapleton meteorite (Plate 7), later acquired, 
was first recognized in material sent in for identification and ten 
choice minerals were added to the collection from this source. 


ACCESSIONS—GEOLOGY 


The Department of Geology recorded during the year ninety-six 
accessions, which included 3,479 specimens. Although the acces- 
sions were slightly more in number than those recorded in 1938, they 
included only two-thirds as many specimens. Classified by sources, 
2,180 specimens came as gifts, 159 were received by exchange, 879 
were from expeditions, 231 were collected by members of the staff, 
and 30 were purchased. 


The most important gift of the year was received through the 
courtesy of the California-Arabian Standard Oil Company from 
two of their geologists, Messrs. T. F. Harris and Walter Hoag. They 
presented two meteorites which they collected at the almost inacces- 
sible meteor crater at Wabar, Rub’al Khali, in the Arabian Desert. 


74 FreLD MUSEUM oF NATURAL History—Reports, VOL. 12 


These are of exceptional interest as they are from one of the fe 
meteorites large enough to excavate craters where they fell. 
meteorite specimens were accompanied by some of the silica g’ 
made by the melting of parts of the meteorite and surrounding re 
by heat developed by the meteorite’s impact with the earth. 
only other specimens of the Wabar meteorite in any museum 
those in the British Museum, which were collected by the exple 
H. St. John Philby when he discovered Wabar in 1932. 


Another interesting addition to the meteorite collection is a sl 
of the Tamentit meteorite, which possesses legendary as well a 
scientific interest. This meteorite fell near an oasis in the Sah 
at the close of the fourteenth century, and is the oldest meteor? 
actually seen to fall which has been preserved. Nine other slic 
of meteorites not before represented in the collection were purch 
and a slice of the Soper (Oklahoma) meteorite was obtained by 
change with the Oklahoma Geological Survey. An iron meteori 
weighing 108 pounds, recently dug up in Mapleton, lowa, was p 
chased from its discoverer. Another specimen purchased from i 
discoverer is a newly found twenty-pound individual of the J 
Wright Mountain (Arkansas) meteorite. Thirteen of the fourte 
meteorites added this year are from falls new to the collectic 
Two tektites from a newly found Texas locality were obtained b 
exchange, and fifteen others, to illustrate varieties of moldavite 
were purchased. 


Another important gift was a collection of nearly 1,500 mine 
and fossils, presented by Dr. Henry Field, of Chicago. This col 
tion was made before 1820 by the Misses Otteline and Dia 
Salisbury, of Baggrave Hall, Leicestershire, England. It in 
many specimens from now “classical” localities in England 
Europe—some from places whence such specimens can no lor 
be obtained. 

Among other gifts to the mineral collection worthy of speci 
mention were three rare minerals new to the collection. These 
a saponite, from Mr. Ben Hur Wilson, of Joliet, Illinois, a s 
bite, from Mr. Frank C. Hooper, of North Creek, New York, a 
an example of the exceedingly rare callanite which was included i 
a collection from Dr. M. J. Groesbeck, of Porterville, Califo 
Dr. Groesbeck also presented a thinolite of unusual perfection. 
W. A. Blomstran, of Lyon Mountain, New York, presented a spex 
men of the rare byssolite, hitherto represented by only a sing 
example. A chatoyant quartz from Mr. Ludwig A. Koelnau, 


UM] B JO azIs oY) [RUTUL UBdLIOWY YON ¥ Wo jeWwd dIVLISY Oy} puY vUILT] ey} Jo yUaUIdOJaAIp oY) SuIMoYs JoaJ PUL SI[NAS 1SS0J JO Sees V 
TANVO FHL AO NOILNTIOA 


DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY 75 


Minneapolis, and a sardonyx from Mrs. M. J. Hubeny, of Chicago, 
are semi-precious stones of better than usual quality. The largest 
garnet in the collection is the gift of Miss Katherine S. Kniskern, 
of Baltimore, Maryland. Mr. Oscar U. Zerk, of Kenosha, Wis- 
consin, presented seven polished moss and scenery agates as an 
addition to the moss agate collection in the Gem Room (H. N. 
Higinbotham Hall). Mr. Frank Von Drasek, of Cicero, Illinois, 
added twenty-nine minerals to his gifts of former years. 


A collection of 187 minerals, from Mr. George W. DeMuth, of 
Chicago, contained rare lithium minerals. Miss Bertha Gordon, of 
Porterville, California, presented a collection of fifteen minerals 
from Death Valley, accompanied by six photographs which illustrate 
exceptionally well the geological phenomena encountered in deserts. 
Valuable minerals were received from twenty-seven other donors. 


Two rare minerals new to the collection—oxyhornblende and 
chiolite—were obtained by exchange. A chrysoberyl! crystal, the 
largest in this country if not in the world, was also secured by 
exchange. Another exchange provided a group of selenite crystals 
of extraordinary slenderness. Some of these are nine inches long, 
with a ratio of length to thickness of five hundred to one. Local 
collecting by the Assistant Curator of Mineralogy has yielded more 
than 200 mineral specimens, many of excellent quality. 


The most valuable additions to the vertebrate fossil collections 
came from the expeditions to South Dakota and Colorado, already 
mentioned. A collection of 120 specimens of vertebrate fossils was 
obtained through exchange with the State Teachers’ College of 
Chadron, Nebraska. Other specimens acquired by exchange were 
the cast of a skull of Alewrodon from the American Museum of 
Natural History, New York, and a skull of Buwettnaria from the 
Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 


Gifts of fossils were fewer than usual. Bones of the fossil moose, 
Cervalces, presented by Mr. Charles N. Ackerman, of Antioch, 
Illinois, are of local interest. This beast, which once lived in the 
country around Chicago, had horns more like those of an elk than a 
moose. Another gift of local interest consisted of fossil vertebrates 
from Western Springs, Illinois, presented by the Park Board of that 
town. It contained various bones of extinct species of deer and 
elephant, and a complete fossil fish, which were uncovered during 
excavations for the improvement of the village park. Other verte- 
brate fossils were donated by Mr. R. E. Frison, of Tensleep, Wyo- 
ming, and Mr. John Winterbotham, of Chicago. 


76 Fretp Museum or Natura History—Reports, VoL. 12 


Except for the Salisbury collection already mentioned, 
were few additions to the collection of invertebrate fossils. 
bers of the staff collected seventy-two fossils, one fossil leaf 
purchased, and twenty-eight miscellaneous fossils were present 
by six donors. 

The principal additions to the physical geology collections 
specimens of seventeen volcanic products from the voleanoes” 
Guatemala and El] Salvador, presented by Mr. and Mrs. Geor 
Artamonoff, of Chicago; and a number of tufas from the shores 
Mono Lake in California, the gift of Dr. M. J. Groesbeck, of Port 
ville, California. The Field Museum Magellanic Expedition of 
brought to the Department gifts of nine silver ores from Mr. E. 
Howe, of Puno, Peru, and the Compania Minera de Cailloma, 
Arequipa, Peru. 


CATALOGUING, INVENTORYING, AND LABELING--GEOLOGY 


The Department of Geology has made a change in its mann 
of reporting catalogue entries. Two catalogue books temporarily 
use during the first months of the Museum's existence have bee 
dropped from the records, as they are no longer of use, and th 
contents are incorporated in the permanent records. This reduce 
the number of catalogue books in the Department from twenty-eigl 
to twenty-six. 


Hitherto each specimen catalogued has been reported as if 
were a separate entry in the books, although often several duplicat 
are included in the same number. The 201,559 specimens report 
as entries in the Report for 1938 were included in 68,826 separ 
entries. During 1939, 3,044 specimens were catalogued by 
numbered entries, making a total of 70,434 numbered entries, ca’ 
loguing 203,167 specimens. All specimens have been catale 
except such of the vertebrate fossils collected by this year’s ex 
ditions as cannot be identified until they are removed from the mat 


The classified card catalogues, begun three years ago, are prov 
of great value. The classified catalogue of minerals has been k 
up to date by the addition of 924 cards. The catalogue of new miner 
names in loose-leaf book form has been kept up to date by the ad 
tion of 100 entries. A new catalogue of all mineral names, begun fl 
year by the Assistant Curator of Mineralogy, contains all mine 
names in the four most important texts. Some names from ot 
sources must be added, but even in its present form the catale 
is valuable as a saver of time. The classified catalogue of meteori 


DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY er 


has been kept up to date by the addition of 154 cards. This cata- 
logue contains, on white cards, data on all meteorites in the collec- 
tion, and, on red cards, data for all recorded meteorites of which the 
Museum has no specimens. 


The classified catalogue of invertebrate fossils is still far from 
complete, although 2,150 cards were added during the year. Many 
of these await checking by a member of the staff before they are filed. 
The classified catalogue of the rock collection, which now contains 
2,858 entries, was kept up to date by the addition of 92 cards. 


The classified catalogues of vertebrate fossils have been kept up 
to date except for recent additions which require more prepara- 
tion and study before they can be properly catalogued. The verte- 
brate paleontology bibliographical files are increased by 678 cards. 
Several hundred valuable maps and atlases have been stored for 
years in bundles in the Department Library. These have been un- 
packed, and are being classified and catalogued for filing in a new 
-eabinet which has been provided for the purpose. Several reference 
‘files were prepared, in card form, on mineralogical subjects such as 
fluorescence, to facilitate revising collections and for use in research. 


Copy for 800 labels was prepared for the printer, and all installed 
‘specimens have been properly labeled. A number of large descrip- 
tive labels were rewritten to conform with the advances in geological 
knowledge of recent years. Storage labels were written for 2,577 
specimens in the study collections, and faded numbers on specimens 
were repainted wherever found. The classified and cross-index 


catalogue of photographs has been kept up to date. 
| 
| INSTALLATIONS AND REARRANGEMENTS—GEOLOGY 


| During 1939 plans were prepared for the improvement of the 
appearance and educational value of the collections by a thorough 
revision and reinstallation. 

_ Since the present installation of the geological collections was 
| planned in 1919, important improvements in methods of display 
_ have been developed, and there has been a great increase in the size 
_ of the collections. Expansion of geological knowledge, too, has kept 
_ pace with the recent progress of all the sciences. Thorough revision 
and reinstallation of the collections will incorporate the additions 
| to better advantage, and will materially enhance the appearance of 
_ the halls. A beginning has been made during the past few years by 
reinstallation of the meteorite collection in Hall 34 and the rock 
| collection in Clarence Buckingham Hall (Hall 35). Reinstallation 


78 Fretp Museum or NaTuRAL History—Reports, VOL. 12 


of the collection pertaining to physical geology, involving compl 
reclassification and addition of much new material, had been ur 
way during the previous two years, and was continued in 
Three cases were reinstalled, and two and one-half cases remain 
be installed before this hall is completed. Installation of the rem 

ing cases has been deferred because it is expected that better m 
than is now at hand will be available soon. General plans for reir 
lation of the paleontological collections in Ernest R.Graham Hall (F 
38), and the economic geology material in Hall 36 and Frederick J. 
Skiff Hall (Hall 37), have been prepared, and much of the prelit 
nary work necessary before actual installation has been done. 

there will be much transferring of specimens among these t 
halls, reinstallation of all three must be undertaken simultaneot 


The Curator of Paleontology prepared a comprehensive plan | 
the conversion of Graham Hall from a Hall of Paleontology to a Hi 
of Vertebrate Paleontology by moving the invertebrate fossil ¢ 
lections into Skiff Hall. Work on this reinstallation has been be 
two cases of fossil fish have been reinstalled; skeletons of the Plioe 
horse, Plesippus shoshonensis, of the Pleistocene bison, Bison 
quus, and of the little water deer, Leptomeryx evansi, have t 
mounted and placed on exhibition; and a series showing the dev 
ment of the camel family in North America (Plate 8) was pi 
pared and installed by Mr. McGrew. 

The east half of Skiff Hall now contains the ore collection, 
an overflow of non-metallic industrial minerals from the main ¢ 
lection in Hall 36 occupies the west half. The ore collection, a 
much revision, will be reinstalled in the space it now occupies. 
west half of the hall will be occupied by the invertebrate paleontolc 
collection. The non-metallic industrial minerals displaced will 
in part moved to Hall 36, in part transferred to the study collect 
and in part put in storage until other arrangements for their displ 
can be made. Work of dismantling this exhibit has begun. Most 
the cases in this hall came from the Paris Exposition of 1900. 
are of an obsolete type not well adapted to museum use. Some 
these cases can be modified for use in the future, and others will 
replaced. 

Hall 36 will remain a hall of non-metallic, industrial miner 
In order to accommodate the collections transferred from Hall 
it will be necessary to reduce the space now occupied by the petrole 
clay, and soil collections. This can be done with advantage, 
they now contain numerous specimens of purely scientific, rat 


DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY ffs) 


than general, interest. Such specimens are almost identical in appear- 
ance, and give the exhibits a monotonous effect that detracts from 
their appeal. They will be transferred to the study collection where 
they will be of more use. 


Seventeen meteorites not hitherto represented were added to 
the meteorite collection in Hall 34. The tektite collection, now placed 
with the meteorites, was enlarged by sixteen specimens. Thirty- 
nine minerals were added to the mineral collection in the same hall. 
Two of these, of unusual interest, are remarkably slender selenite 
erystals from Arkansas, and a chrysoberyl crystal of record size 
from Colorado. The additions include ten minerals of species not 
hitherto represented. Seven of these were obtained by the Assistant 
Curator of Mineralogy on a brief expedition to the eastern states, 
and three were found in material submitted by the public for identifi- 
eation. Five of these additions are specimens of minerals numbered 
in the Dana text of 1892. The collection now contains 603 of these 
numbered species, or 72 per cent of the entire 838. The addition of 
six this year compares favorably with the average rate of increase of 
Dana listed species, which has been two and one-half per year for 
the years from 1894 to 1938. 


Over half of the minerals now in the fluorite display are 
additions for which space was found partly by rearrangement and 
partly by replacing inferior material. The superior specimens were 
selected by testing numerous specimens from the regular mineral 
collection. 


The mineral specimens in Hall 34 are now arranged according to 
the latest current information on the nature and relationships of 
minerals. Use of the X-ray in mineral study has developed new and 
radically changed concepts of mineral structure and classification. 
A codification of the new concepts by a group of eminent mineralo- 
gists has been nearly completed. As soon as their results become 
available a complete reinstallation of the mineral collection will be 
necessary. On the basis of preliminary reports, the Assistant 
Curator of Mineralogy has during the past year done much work 
devising tentative plans for modernization of the exhibit. These 
plans, which cannot become definite until the new “System of 
Mineralogy” is available, involve a revision of the scientific classi- 
fication, a complete relabeling, and the use of supplementary exhib- 
its to add interest and value to the display. Further, the manner 
of installation will be modified by the use of the new techniques of 
museum display which are being applied in other halls. 


80 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—ReEports, VoL. 12 


The mineral study collection, consisting of all minerals not ¢ 
display, is stored in drawers under the exhibits in Hall 34, “a 
overflow in Room 113-A on the third floor. Their arrangement 
orderly, so that any specimen can be found readily. Additions. 
the collection have so crowded the drawers that there is an increas 
danger of damage to delicate specimens, and ready reference by u 
the recently completed card catalogue is becoming more diffie 
To facilitate use of the classified catalogue, a diagram of all avail 
drawers was prepared, the drawers were numbered, and the di 
number for each specimen entered on the catalogue cards. 
minerals are being rearranged in an order corresponding to t 
arrangement of the cards in the catalogue. In order to 
crowding of the storage drawers to convenient and safe limits it h 
been necessary to store some groups temporarily in Room 118 
The rearrangement is about half finished. When it is complete 
will be possible to locate readily any specimen, and to determ 
quickly and correctly the status of the collection in regard to ar 
mineral or group of minerals. It also makes it easier to recogni: 
weak spots in the collection which should be strengthened. This 
rangement of the study collection is an essential part of the 
preliminary to the reinstallation of the exhibited minerals, anc 
has enabled Mr. Mather, the new Assistant Curator of Mineralogy, 
become thoroughly familiar with the collection. 


The study collections of rocks and material for economic geole 
have been little changed during the year. The study and 
collections in physical geology have been checked, and material 
possible use for the new installation in Clarence Buckingham Hi 
(Hall 35) has been segregated for further selection of exhibiti 
specimens. Reorganization and storage of the reserve collectior 
invertebrate fossils in Room 111 was completed by the end of 
The collection is now arranged according to geologic periods and m 
zoological classes. Detailed stratigraphic rearrangements remain 
be made but this cannot be undertaken until after a final check 
the identifications of the specimens has been completed. 


An important and useful work done during the year was the 
selection and separation of a few of each available species of Pal 
zoic index fossils from the study collection. This was done tor 
a long-standing need of comparative specimens which could be € 
reached for the ready identification of faunas and the correlatior 
horizons. Many serious gaps remain in this collection ot nc 
fossils, but these will be filled as additions to the collections pf 


DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY 81 


DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY 
EXPEDITIONS AND RESEARCH 


Of the three zoological expeditions of the year, the most impor- 
tant is the Field Museum Magellanic Expedition, made possible 
by the generosity of President Stanley Field. Not yet completed, 
it will continue work in 1940. For the preliminary work of this expe- 
dition, Mr. Colin C. Sanborn, Curator of Mammals, Mr. Karl P. 
Schmidt, Curator of Amphibians and Reptiles, and Mr. John M. 
Schmidt sailed from New York early in July, and arrived at Callao 
sixteen days later. 

After making necessary arrangements in Lima, the expedition 
proceeded southward by truck over a new automobile road to 
Arequipa. In order to obtain some of the rare or little known small 
mammals, a rare frog, and the toads of the icy highland lakes and 
streams, as well as the lizards which range almost to the snow line 
at 16,000 feet, collections were made at various high elevations in 
southern Peru. Many desirable specimens were collected at Yura 
(8,000 feet), Juliaca (12,500 feet), Sumbay (18,500 feet), Salinas 
(14,000 feet), and San Ignacio de Cailloma (14,500 feet). While 
Curator Sanborn worked in the vicinity of Puno on Lake Titicaca, 
Curator Schmidt and his son went to Cuzco and from there to a 
somewhat lower altitude. At the Hacienda Urco in the Urubamba 
Valley further desirable specimens were obtained. 

Using Lima as a base, Curator Schmidt also made short trips 
to Lake Junin in the central highlands, the Chincha Islands, and 
via truck on the Pan-American highway to Trujillo and Chiclayo. 
He returned to the United States at the end of November, but the 
other members of the party remained in the field. 


Curator Sanborn made collections in two of the lower valleys 
near Arequipa, and then went to Mollendo to join Dr. Wilfred H. 
Osgood, Chief Curator of Zoology, who assumed leadership of the 
expedition in October. In the latter part of that month, accom- 
panied by Mr. John M. Schmidt, they sailed for southern Chile. 
Satisfactory results were obtained in the magnificent Nahuelvute 
Araucarien forest west of Angol, and in the region around Lake 
Todos Santos in Llanquihue. Ona special trip made by Mr. Sanborn 
to Laguna Maule, a rare parrot and several desirable small mam- 
mals were secured. Early in December the expedition sailed from 
Puerto Montt for Punta Arenas on the Straits of Magellan. 


Among the many persons who rendered assistance to the expe- 
dition were Dr. Marshall Hertig, of the Instituto de Hygiene y 


82 FretD Museum oF NATURAL History—Reports, VoL. 12 


Salud, in Lima; Dr. Carlos Nicholson, Professor of Biogeography i 
the University of Arequipa; Mr. William Vogt, Biological In 
gator for the Compania Administradora del Guano, stationed | 
the Chincha Islands; and Sefior Adolfo Schnapka, Manager of tl 
Compania Minera de Cailloma, and other members of the persont 
of that company who were hosts to the expedition at its most f 
ful high altitude stations. To all of these the Museum express 
appreciation. 

An expedition specifically for collecting birds was conducte 
during the latter part of the year. In August Mr. Melvin 
Jr., in company with Mr. Wyllys Andrews, both of Chicago, p 
ceeded to Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, to continue the field 
which they began in 1937. Headquarters were first established 
Chichen Itza, Yucatan, where a representative collection of y 
brates, including approximately 300 birds, was made. Early 
December they made a trip into the state of Campeche to obtai 
supplementary collections from that zoologically interesting regic 
but the results are not yet known. This expedition, which is fin 
in part by Messrs. Traylor and Andrews, and in part by the Museu 
is expected to return to Chicago in February, 1940. 


An expedition to secure material needed for an exhibit of th 
Florida sea turtle—a group which has been under consideration ft 
several years—left early in May. This work was conducted by 
Leon L. Walters, Staff Taxidermist, and Dr. Fritz Haas, Curator 
Lower Invertebrates. Dr. Haas engaged in general collecting a 
in studies for his Division. Mr. Walters found the sandy beach | 
Sanibel Island a favorable area for observing the egg-laying of t 
loggerhead turtle, and obtained a female specimen with a 
length of thirty-nine inches, together with eggs, and complete ne 
on the process of egg-laying. 

To the Museum's Zoological Series, twelve publications 
added during the year, and twelve signed articles were contrib 
by the Department staff to Field Museum News. 


The most notable publication in the Zoological Series was tl 
Author Index, forming Parts I and II, of A Bibliography of Bir 
(938 pages), by Dr. Reuben Myron Strong, of Loyola Medical Schoc 
Chicago. About 30,000 articles and books on birds are listed 
Parts I and II. Part III, to be published shortly, will contain t 
Subject Index with the references to each title in Parts I and 
grouped alphabetically, geographically, and systematically. T 
other publications in the Zoological Series were: New Central A 


DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY 83 


can Frogs of the Genus Hypopachus, A New Lizard from Mexico, A New 
Coral Snake from British Guiana, and Reptiles and Amphibians from 
Southwestern Asia, all by Curator Karl P. Schmidt; A New Aus- 
tralian Lizard with a Note on Hemiergis, Notes on Mexican Reptiles 
and Amphibians, and The Mexican and Central American Lizards of 
the Genus Sceloporus (3897 pages), all by Dr. Hobart M. Smith; 
Eight New Bats of the Genus Rhinolophus, by Curator Colin Camp- 
bell Sanborn; Malacological Notes, by Curator Fritz Haas; Carcino- 
logical Notes, by Associate Claire Nemec, and Three New Birds of 
the Genus Stachyris, by Mr. H. G. Deignan. 


For two months in the early part of the year, Curator Sanborn 
proceeded with a research on bats in European museums, begun in 
1938 under his fellowship from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial 
Foundation. After studying the large collections of bats in the 
British Museum (Natural History), he examined those in the Mu- 
séum d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris, the Zoologisches Museum in 
Amsterdam, and the Rijksmuseum van Naturlijke Historie in 
Leiden. A study of other large collections of bats in Europe did not 
then seem advisable. 


To complete the Catalogue of Birds of the Americas, Associate 
Curator Charles E. Hellmayr proceeded with his studies of New 
World birds, working in Geneva, Switzerland, and in London. In 
co-operation with Mr. Boardman Conover, Research Associate, the 
manuscript was practically completed for the penultimate part of the 
Catalogue, which will contain the game birds of the Americas. The 
final part of this notable work, dealing with the birds of prey and 
some of the lower orders, is being prepared by Dr. Hellmayr. 


Besides making studies essential for the preparation of anatomi- 
eal and biological bird exhibits which are under way, Mr. Rudyerd 
Boulton, Curator of Birds, continued his research on African birds 
in this Museum and in the American Museum of Natural History 
in New York. At the end of the year he made necessary arrange- 
ments for the Leon Mandel Caribbean Expedition, sailing January 
1, 1940. A full account of this expedition will appear in the 1940 
Annual Report. 


Shortly after his return in January from the Sewell Avery Zoo- 
logical Expedition to British Guiana, details of which were given in the 
1938 Report, Mr. Emmet R. Blake, Assistant Curator of Birds, began 
work on a report concerning the British Guiana birds that he ob- 
tained on the 1937 and 1938 expeditions to that country. Mrs. 
Ellen T. Smith, Associate in the Division of Birds, and Mr. Sidney 


84 Fretp Museum or NaTurAL History—Reports, Vou. 12 


Camras conducted studies on New World and Ethiopian 
respectively. 
The research activities of Mr. Karl P. Schmidt, Cu 
Amphibians and Reptiles, included the completion of four put 
tions that appeared in the Zoological Series, further studies 
Central and South American amphibians and reptiles, and his ma 
observations recorded in Peru while a member of the Magellanic E 
dition. He also continued to serve as Herpetological Edite 
Copeia, and wrote numerous reviews in that journal. Dr. He 
M. Smith, who worked in the Division during part of 1938, con’ 
uted three papers to the Museum's Zoological Series of publicat 
Dissections and study of the carcass of the giant panda, Su- 
and of the bears and raccoons to which it is supposedly rela 
were continued by Mr. D. Dwight Davis, Assistant Curator 
Anatomy and Osteology. The services of a capable artist 
technical assistant assigned to the Division by the Works Progr 
Administration made it possible to obtain excellent drawings ill 
trating the anatomy of the giant panda. Mr. Davis also conduc 
research on an adult male babirussa received from the Brookfi 
Zoo. This animal is one of the most curiously specialized of all 
pigs, and the anatomy of this species had never been adequ: 
investigated. Study of this specimen revealed a number of inte 
features, and a report embodying the results is practically comp 
In the Division of Lower Invertebrates, Dr. Fritz Haas prepa 
a technical publication for the Museum's Zoological Series, 
another was printed in the malacological journal, Nautilus. — 
also wrote a report, not yet published, on the ecology of comm 
marine invertebrates of Sanibel Island, based in part on the rest 
of the Museum's Florida expedition. Miss Claire Nemec, while 
Associate in the Division, engaged in research on crustaceans, © 
results of which were published by the Museum. 
For a period of about two and a half months, Staff Taxiderm 
C. J. Albrecht was engaged, with Mr. Emil Liers, of Homer, Min 
sota, in making photographic studies of the life of the otter in var 
parts of Minnesota, and at Silver Springs, Florida. Successful” 
sults in the latter place were due largely to the courtesy of 
management of the resort in permitting the use of their pools a 
“‘photosubmarines.”’ 
ACCESSIONS—ZOOLOGY 


In the Department of Zoology the year was notable for the exe 
tionally large number of specimens received, the total being 


Field Museum of Natural History Reports, Vol. 12, Plate 9 


Gyps 
Acicular Crystals (1 
Hydro 


Swindler Cave, Cus 


GYPSUM CRYSTALS 


Showing exceptionally long, needle-like development 


From Swindler Cave, Cushman, Independence County, Arkansas 
mately one-half actual size 
(Hall 34) 


pmnaay 
yarvtiest!” op UNOS 


DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY 85 


This is more than twice the number accessioned in 1938, which was 
previously considered a record year for additions to the collections. 
One acquisition, a gift of 35,076 birds, made up more than half of 
the total number of specimens acquired. The 381 accessions com- 
prised 1,396 mammals, 36,495 birds, 3,021 amphibians and reptiles, 
11,664 fishes, 1,179 insects, and 10,624 lower invertebrates. The 
accessions received as gifts consisted of 51,952 specimens; by ex- 
change, 2,007; from Museum expeditions, 9,010; and by purchase, 
1,410. 


Of the 1,396 mammals added to the collection, 357 came as gifts, 
only a limited number of which are here enumerated, the others 
being recorded in the list of zoological accessions (p. 128). Among 
the gifts were thirty-two specimens from the Chicago Zoological 
Society. From the Lincoln Park Zoo an adult lioness was received. 
Dr. Harold H. Nelson, of the Oriental Institute of the University of 
Chicago, presented sixty-three bats from Egypt, and Dr. Henry 
Field, of Chicago, gave twenty-four specimens of the same class of 
mammals that were taken in Iraq. For the acquisition of other 
desirable bats, collected in the countries of the respective donors, 
appreciation is due to Messrs. Michael Blackmore and J. L. 
Chaworth-Musters, both of London, England; Mr. H. St. John 
Philby, of Jidda, Arabia; Dr. L. C. Buckley, of Trang, Siam; and 
Brother Niceforo Maria, of Bogoté, Colombia. Among the gifts 
of small mammals were twenty-nine from South Dakota, given by 
Mr. John M. Schmidt, of Homewood, Illinois; twenty-one from 
Iowa, presented by Mr. Harold Hanson, of Chicago; forty-four 
from Illinois and Tennessee, received from Mr. W. J. Beecher, of 
Chicago; and thirty-one from Mississippi and Florida, presented by 
Dr. Wilfred H. Osgood, of Chicago. 


Nearly nine-tenths of the unusually large number of birds acces- 
sioned represented a single gift from an anonymous donor—the 
largest gift ever received by the Department of Zoology. This most 
noteworthy acquisition comprises the Louis B. Bishop Collection of 
North American birds, totaling more than 50,000 specimens, of 
which 35,076 are now in the Museum. The Bishop Collection (which 
will always be known by that name) supplements the approximately 
30,000 specimens of North American birds previously in the Museum, 
and it enormously increases the research facilities of this institution. 
Practically all known forms of American birds found north of Mexico 
are contained in the new collection, most of them being represented 
by large series of beautifully prepared specimens. Among the birds 


86 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—REeEports, VOL. 12 


so far received, 32,326 are representatives of North American spec 
and subspecies, 1,222 are miscellaneous tropical American form 
and 1,419 are from the Old World. Particularly noteworthy in thi 
valuable collection are eleven type specimens, sixty-three albine 
and mutants, and thirty-three examples of extinct birds. 


Other gifts included 146 birds in the flesh, donated by the Chicag 
Zoological Society; sixty-nine study skins from Mr. Habib Rasoc 
of Buxton, British Guiana; twenty-two Colombian specimens fror 
Brother Niceforo Maria, of Bogota, Colombia; and fourteen misce 
laneous Asiatic birds presented by Colonel Richard Meinertzhager 
of London, England. 


From Mrs. Charles A. Corwin, of Chicago, were received fou 
oil paintings of Laysan Island birds, the work of her late husband, 
who was Staff Artist at Field Museum. Mr. Michael Lerner, ¢ 
New York, generously secured and presented a series of phote 
graphic studies, including both kodachrome motion pictures ar 
kodachrome slides, of Mount Egmont and vicinity, New Zealane 
These studies will be most useful in the preparation of a kiwi habit: 
group in Hall 20. 


The acquisitions of amphibians and reptiles included 734 spec 
mens that were received from various donors. In addition to othe 
material, Mr. H. St. John Philby, of Jidda, Arabia, gave fo 
nine snakes and lizards from Arabia. A collection of sixty-fou 
Chilean specimens that came from Dr. Dillman S. Bullock, o 
Angol, Chile, will prove useful for study in connection with th 
amphibians and reptiles that may be taken by the Museum’ 
Magellanic Expedition. A gift of eighty-seven tadpoles fror 
Mexico was received from Dr. C. L. Turner, of Evanston, Ill 
nois. Mrs. Robb White, of Thomasville, Georgia, continued to 
show her interest in the Museum’s work by presenting fourteen 
salamanders and snakes. A collection of fifty-six specimens from 
Nebraska and South Dakota was given by Mr. John M. Schmidt, ¢ 
Homewood, Illinois. A donation of 224 salamanders, snakes, ar 
lizards from southern Missouri was made by Dr. Julian A. Steye 
mark, Mr. Loren P. Woods, and Mr. E. G. J. Falck, of Chicago. 
The General Biological Supply House, Chicago Zoological Society 
Lincoln Park Zoo, and John G. Shedd Aquarium again contribute 
a number of desirable amphibians and reptiles. . 


The acquisitions in the Division of Fishes were noteworthy for: 
their scientific value and unusually large number. Nearly nir 
tenths, or 10,809, of the specimens received were gifts, and most 


‘ 
( 
j 
; 
} 


DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY 87 


these came from the collectors. A much needed desideratum for 
the exhibit of fishes was filled by the gift of a very large tarpon 
received from Mr. Henry Barthman, of Useppa Island, Florida. 
During his study of stream fishes in the United States, Mr. Loren P. 
Woods, of Evanston, Illinois, collected 9,361 specimens which he 
gave to the Museum. From Dr. Henry Field, of Chicago, eighty-six 
shore fishes from York Harbor, Maine, were received. They will 
_ prove useful for comparison with specimens collected by the Rawson— 
MacMillan Subarctic Expeditions (1926 and 1927-28). Further 
contributions from the John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, con- 
_ sisted of seventy-six specimens, a small series of which were especially 
collected in Hawaiian waters for the Museum. 


The sixty accessions of insects comprised a comparatively limited 
number of specimens, of which 589, or about half, represented small 
donations. Dr. Lewis H. Weld, of East Falls Church, Virginia, 
presented thirty-three gall wasps and one parasite from Turkey and 
the western United States. This gift was of especial value in that 
it included twelve paratypes. Equally welcome, for the same 
reason, were twenty-one histerid beetles, including eight paratypes, 
received from Mr. Rupert L. Wenzel, of Chicago. Mr. H. E. Wood- 
cock, of Chicago, gave sixty-two butterflies from Europe and New 
Mexico; and Dr. Henry Field, of Chicago, supplementing previous 
gifts, presented 151 specimens of various insects from Iraq. 


Gifts of lower invertebrates consisted of 4,077 specimens, amount- 
ing to nearly half of the total number added to the collection. Many 
were of outstanding value. Among the more desirable acquisitions 
were 585 specimens from southwestern Asia and Maine, received 
from Dr. Henry Field, of Chicago; 683 lower invertebrates from 
Central America, contributed by Mrs. George L. Artamonoff, of 
Chicago; 1,381 specimens, mostly mollusks, from the Puget Sound 
region, given by Mr. Loren P. Woods, of Evanston, Illinois; and 215 
specimens, including a number of crustaceans, from Florida, collected 
and presented by Mr. Alfred C. Weed, of Chicago. 


Among the many vertebrate animals accessioned are 232 speci- 
mens that filled needs in the study collection of the Division of 
Anatomy and Osteology. Of these, 217 were skeletons, and the re- 
maining fifteen were preserved complete for study of the soft anat- 
omy, or were injected with colored masses for research on circulatory 
Systems. Nearly all of these specimens were received in the flesh, 
and most of them were contributions from the Chicago Zoological 
Society. 


88 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HIstorY—REportTs, VOL. 12 


A noteworthy quantity of material was obtained from Museur 
expeditions. The final results of the year, it is believed, will pre 
even more satisfactory when the two expeditions in southern Chi 
and in Yucatan have finished their work. These expeditions 
continuing operations into 1940, and much of their 1939 collectior 
will not be received until their return. Assistant Curator Emmet R 
Blake, leader of the Sewell Avery Zoological Expedition to Brit 
Guiana, returned in January with fifty-one mammals, 500 birds, 16 
amphibians and reptiles, and 752 fishes. An account of this expe 
dition, and of its loss of many specimens due to a boat accident, 
given in the Report for 1938. On an expedition to Florida for bot 
exhibition and study material, Staff Taxidermist Leon L. Walte 
and Curator Fritz Haas obtained fifteen turtles, four snakes an 
lizards, 753 fishes, and approximately 6,000 lower invertebrate 
During the preliminary part of the Magellanic Expedition, Curate 
Colin C. Sanborn and Curator Karl P. Schmidt, assisted by Mr 
John Schmidt, collected in Peru 484 mammals, 135 birds, abow 
1,200 amphibians and reptiles, several hundred fishes and insect 
and 306 isopods, crayfish and mollusks. Two members of the sta! 
of the Department of Geology—<Assistant Curator Bryan Patterse 
and Assistant James H. Quinn—gathered incidentally on the 
Museum Paleontological Expedition to Colorado the following spect 
mens for the Department of Zoology: ten mammals, twenty-eight 
bird skeletons, 105 snakes and lizards, several hundred insects, anc 
241 lower invertebrates. 

The acquisitions obtained by exchanges during the year 
noteworthy, and may be classified as follows: mammals, 276; bire 
29; amphibians and reptiles, 1,581; fishes, 101; and insects, 20. Mate= 
rial obtained in this manner is of special value because the specimen 
requested in return are nearly always wanted for a specific purpe 
For Museum publications, thirty-eight small mammals from Chil 
were acquired from Dr. D. S. Bullock, of Angol, Chile. By a 
exchange with Mr. G. C. Rinker, of Hamilton, Kansas, sixty-or 
mammals were received. From the British Museum (Natura 
History), London, England, 123 specimens were obtained; and by a 
exchange with the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, 
Massachusetts, fifty-one mammals were procured. The twenty-nir 
birds acquired by eight exchanges included three genera, nine specie 
and one race not previously represented in Field Museum. A lars 
collection of Mexican lizards of the genus Sceloporus, numbering 1,6 
specimens and including the types of nine forms, was received un¢ 
an exchange agreement with Dr. E. H. Taylor, of the University ¢ 


DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY 89 


Kansas. Amphibians and reptiles were obtained also by exchange 


_ from the Bombay Natural History Society, the Museum of Zoology 
of the University of Michigan, and the Texas Co-operative Wild 


Life Research Unit. By a special exchange with Ohio State Univer- 
sity, 101 specimens of fishes were procured for the study collection. 


To the Museum’s large series of birds of prey, there were added 


_ 253 specimens from twelve different countries. This addition was 


made through the fund established by the late Leslie Wheeler and 


continued in his memory. Mr. Wheeler was a Trustee of the Mu- 
-seum and Research Associate in the Division of Birds. The Emily 
_ Crane Chadbourne Zoological Fund made possible the acquisition of 


: 


159 miscellaneous birds. 


Purchases were neither large nor numerous, barely exceeding a 


_ thousand specimens. Among the mammals added to the collection 
in this manner were 100 specimens from Tanganyika Territory; a 
_ ring-tailed cat, four skunks, three deer and sixty-five bats from Mex- 


ico; and six African forest hogs, which are being mounted for a group 
exhibit. Other purchases included 205 amphibians from northern 


_ California; 101 specimens from Ecuador; forty-one snakes, lizards, and 
turtles from Arkansas; and 419 butterflies and moths from Ecuador. 


CATALOGUING, INVENTORYING, AND LABELING—-ZOOLOGY 


In the catalogues of the Department, 18,477 entries were made 
during the year. By subject they are divisible as follows: mammals, 
981; birds, 12,329; amphibians and reptiles, 2,681; fishes, 459; and 
lower invertebrates, 2,027. The entries for vertebrates include 261 
anatomical and osteological specimens. 


The rearrangement of the mammal collection, involving the 


_ reattaching of the original labels to skins received prior to 1908, was 


steadily continued. For the rearrangement program and for the 
acquisitions of the year, 1,675 skin and 1,500 skull labels were 
typed, 4,425 skin labels were attached to specimens, and 3,200 


labels for skulls were placed in vials and boxes. The specimen 


cards typed, checked with the catalogue, and filed, aggregated 


| 14,055. To prevent the intermingling of the skins with their skulls 
in vials and boxes, 3,146 wooden strips were placed as separators in 


the trays containing comparatively small specimens. Other work 


_ on the collections included the arrangement of thousands of speci- 
_ mens in a taxonomic and numerical order. 


The activities of the Division of Birds were mainly directed to 


_ the care of new material and the reorganization of the research 


90 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—REporTs, VOL. 12 


collection. Among the 12,329 catalogue entries were 11,632 skin 
501 sets of eggs, 193 skeletons and three birds in alcohol. In con 
tinuing the rearrangement of the collection, much time was devotec 
to checking identifications, relabeling, and indexing the specimer 
both systematically and geographically. In the species files, 11 
specimens were recorded in this manner. 


In carrying forward necessary improvement of the Museum 
large collection of birds’ eggs, the services of four persons, on th 
average, were made available. The sets of eggs that were sorte 
and boxed numbered 4,550, and 3,020 sets were placed in trays wit 
cotton and arranged in their systematic order. The specimen card: 
original data slips, and the labels of 2,210 sets were carefully checke 
and permanently filed or attached. Approximately 3,000 specime 
cards and labels were typed for this work. To permit a more ur 
form expansion of the collection, all of the egg drawers were shifted 


Old birdskins, or skins received from inexperienced collecte 
sometimes need to be renovated, repaired, or degreased. hi 
important attention was given to 1,624 specimens by two or thre 
taxidermists assigned to the Museum by the Works Progre 
Administration. 


To all of the 3,021 amphibians and reptiles received in 193! 
individual tag numbers were attached, and the specimens we 
recorded under 2,681 catalogue entries. As in the past, duplicat 
specimens were given the same catalogue and tag number. For 
permanent index to the collection, 1,106 cards were compiled 
typed, and 800 bibliographic cards were added to the files. 
addition to the usual work of sorting, injecting, identifying, < 
distributing new material, attention was also given to the rep 
ment of alcohol in the specimen containers. 


Although the services of an assistant were available to t 
Curator of Fishes for only seven months of the year, there was n 
curtailment in the care of the collection or in its continued improv 
ment. The new labels written, number tags attached to specimer 
and the index cards typed and filed reached a total of 8,530, and th 
rearrangement of the containers on the shelves required the exam 
nation and handling of 15,658 specimens. A large amount of weak 
discolored alcohol was removed from many jars and tanks 
replaced. 

The cleaning of all old accumulations of skeletons in the Divisi 
of Anatomy and Osteology made it possible to arrange the enti 
collection so that the material is accessible for ready reference. 


DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY 91 


notable beginning has been made on a well-prepared series of animals 
for study of the soft anatomy. This small collection has already 
proved its value in connection with research projects. A total of 
655 skulls were cleaned for the Division of Mammals, and 247 skele- 
tons were prepared, numbered, and labeled. 


The insects received were, for the most part, pinned, labeled, 
and distributed according to their respective families. For eight 
months of the year a WPA worker compiled, typed, and filed 5,590 
bibliographic cards on North American butterflies. As a volunteer 
worker for nearly two months, Dr. Eugene Murray-Aaron added 
5,395 more index cards to the bibliographic file. In the latter part 
of the year a WPA worker respread 803 butterflies and pin-labeled 
264 insects of various orders. 


In the Division of Lower Invertebrates attention was given 
mainly to identifying, numbering, and labeling new and old unclassi- 
fied material, especially mollusks and crustaceans. There were 2,027 
entries made in the catalogue, and 650 old entries were revised, but 
the total number of specimens recorded, numbered, and card- 
indexed was 21,300, of which 18,500 were mollusks. Until nearly the 
end of August, Miss Claire Nemec, volunteer Associate, sorted, classi- 
fied, and labeled many of the Museum’s miscellaneous crustaceans. 


In nearly all divisions of the Department, valuable assistance 
was rendered by volunteer or student workers. In the Division of 
Birds, Mr. Albert Vatter, of Glenview, Illinois, worked for three 
months, principally on American finches. For varying periods of 
time, four students aided in the work of the Division of Amphibians 
and Reptiles. Mr. Fred Bromund continued to list and check the 
Museum’s collection of crocodiles. Messrs. Robert A. Burton, John 
Kurfess, and Robert Guillaudeu assisted in the naming and distrib- 
uting of North American material, in checking and relabeling speci- 
mens in large tanks, and in preparing scale counts of snakes. During 
ten months of the year, Miss Charlotte D. Stephany did secretarial 
work in the Division, as a volunteer. Another volunteer worker 
was Mr. Walter Serbowski who, during his spare time, did con- 
siderable clerical work in the Division of Fishes. 


INSTALLATIONS AND REARRANGEMENTS—ZOOLOGY 


Two large habitat groups of birds were completed and placed on 
exhibition in Hall 20, and a Hall of Invertebrates (exclusive of 
arthropods), designated as Hall M, was opened to the public. Addi- 
tions to the synoptic exhibits of mammals and birds were also made. 


92 FreLp MuseUM OF NATURAL History—REeEports, VOL. 12 


To the series of horned and hoofed mammals in George 
Pullman Hall (Hall 13) were added two antelopes and a chame 
The specimens were mounted by Taxidermist Julius Friesser 
Assistant Taxidermist Frank Wonder. One of these animals 
a Hunter's antelope obtained by the Harold White-John Cc 
African Expedition (1930); the second was a topi, an antelor 
collected in eastern Africa by the late Carl E. Akeley on a Musew 
expedition in 1906; and the third was a good example of the 
known chamois, from Yugoslavia, presented by Father Sholar Wence 
of Peru, Illinois. 


With live giant pandas now available at zoos for study, it 
found advisable to remount the two specimens in the Museum 
group of these animals in William V. Kelley Hall (Hall 17). | 
work was done also by Messrs. Friesser and Wonder. 


In Hall 15, which contains a systematic collection of mamm: 
of the world other than the horned and hoofed ones in George } 
Pullman Hall, a case of rodents was reinstalled in an attractiv 
manner by Taxidermist W. E. Eigsti. Twelve of the specimens wer 
renovated and placed on groundwork bases. Two specimens wer 
added to the series, namely, a Malabar giant squirrel, and a up 
which is a large rock-inhabiting rodent from Peru. The exhibit ¢ 
marsupials in the same hall was enlarged by the addition of 
specimens, also mounted by Mr. Eigsti. These were a red-neck 
wallaby with its young, and a dama wallaby or pademelon, which is 
small wallaby that lives in dense scrub or among tall marsh grass 
southwestern Australia and on the islands off the coast. A number 
additional mammals mounted in 1939 are, for various 
awaiting installation. They include a bush pig, river hog, abc 
thirty fur seals, five gibbons, and two bats. ; 

The first of the two bird exhibits opened to public view in Hall 
was a habitat group of the rhea, a large flightless bird of the pamf 
of southern Brazil and Argentina. In the group is an adult rhe 
standing beside its nest, which contains thirty eggs and two chic 
in the process of hatching. Other birds present are a burro 
owl, a tinamou, and a flycatcher. The background, which 
painted by Staff Artist Arthur G. Rueckert, illustrates the 
plains or campo of Matto Grosso, Brazil, where the specimens we 
collected by Assistant Curator Emmet R. Blake on the Stan 
Field Zoological Expedition to British Guiana and Brazil. T 
birds in this group were mounted by Staff Taxidermist John 
Moyer; and the foreground, for which 60,000 blades of grass w 


(02 1I®H) 
eT “H AUviy Aq soliossoovy “qloyvony “5 anyyry Aq punoisyovg 


IAOW “AM Uyor Aq AuJopixe y, 
aHsnouo Gay 


DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY 93 


made, was produced under the direction of Mr. Frank H. Letl, 


'Preparator of Accessories. 


The other new exhibit in Hall 20 is an attractive habitat group 
of the red grouse. These are game birds well known to sportsmen of 


the Old World. The group is intended to represent the moors of 
Selkirkshire, Scotland, in October. Seven birds are shown on or near 


patches of snow on one of the heather-covered hills of the region. 


In the background, painted by Staff Artist Rueckert, are portrayed 


similar hills with intervening cultivated valleys. The birds were 
mounted by Taxidermist Moyer, and the foreground was constructed 


under the direction of Mr. Letl. 


A temporary exhibit, based on the Bishop Collection of North 


_ American birds, was prepared and displayed for six weeks in Stanley 
Field Hall. Two cases were used: the specimens in one illustrated 


| 


| 
| 


seasonal plumage changes, geographical variation, and range of 
color within a genus; in the other case were shown rare and extinct 
birds of North America. Another temporary exhibit in Stanley 
Field Hall was a case of various birds’ eggs. After the Easter period 
this exhibit was moved to the west end of Hall 21. A base for five 
geese and swans was prepared by WPA workers for a case in the series 
of foreign birds arranged in systematic order in Hall 21. By the 


same workers, the albino mammals and birds at the east end of that 


hall were renovated and reinstalled. For an addition, to be made 
in 1940, to the exhibit of foreign birds, seventeen ducks and geese 


_ were mounted by Taxidermist Moyer. 


A further increase was made by Taxidermist Leon L. Walters 
in the number of reproductions prepared for use in the reinstallation 


of cases in the Hall of Reptiles (Albert W. Harris Hall—Hall 18). 


The new life-like reproductions in pyralin and cellulose-acetate 
include a brightly colored wood\frog and the six-lined lizard of the 
Chicago region; two Florida reptiles-which are blind worm-like 
lizards; a Javanese water snake, and a Central American rat snake. 


A number of specimens have been accurately reproduced for a 
new Hall of Fishes which, it is believed, will be opened to the public 


in 1940. For the Maine and the Texas fish groups in the new hall, 


Taxidermist L. L. Pray has prepared fifty-three and twenty speci- 
mens respectively. Many accessories for these groups have already 
been installed. 


Good progress was made on the preparation of material for ex- 
hibits of a biological and anatomical nature. Seventeen enlarged 
models were completed to illustrate the life history of a frog and a 


94 Fre.p Museum or Natura. History—Reports, Vou. 12 — 


salamander; and six models, likewise enlarged, were finished for 
exhibit to portray the history and mechanism of the muset 
system. These models were made under the direction of st 
members including Messrs. Karl P. Schmidt, D. Dwight Day 
and Frank H. Letl. Ready for installation are models and prep 
tions, both enlarged and natural size, for showing the external 

internal structure of birds. These were skillfully prepared by Mi 
Nellie Starkson, under the direction of Mr. Rudyerd Boulte 
Curator of Birds. 


Except for a small series in Stanley Field Hall, inverteb 
animals have not been represented for a number of years 
the zoological exhibits. This omission was in great part co 
early in April, when a Hall of Invertebrates (exclusive of ir 
and their allies) was opened to the public. The new hall, designat 
as Hall M, contains thirteen cases illuminated in a pleasing mar 
by a new type of enclosed fluorescent lights. Specimens are display 
on appropriate bluish-green backgrounds. Five of the cases conts 
the most interesting and attractive examples of more than a hundr 
families of mollusks, including the cephalopods, some of which 4 
represented by glass models. An individual case protects a specim 
of the largest known bivalve shell, the giant clam of the Pacific 
Indian oceans. In the seven other cases are sea-stars, corals, hydre 
sponges, models of protozoans, etc. Suspended from the ceiling ¢ 
models of a giant squid and a giant octopus, representing specim 
which were among the largest known. 


Because more storage and laboratory space was urgently rec 
for the rapidly increasing collection of amphibians and reptiles, 
was found necessary to reassign the adjoining room for this purp 
Desirable changes and improvements were made in this roo 
which hitherto had been occupied by the bird taxidermist, 
John W. Moyer. Three two-sided cases and four wall cases we 
constructed to permit the expansion of the study collection in # 
room. For the bird taxidermist, a space especially designed | 
the purpose was enclosed and equipped in the south end of 
fourth floor. 


THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSIO. 


The work of the Harris Extension staff was directed princip 
toward three objectives: the maintenance and restoration of exist 
exhibits to attain a uniform high standard; the promotion of el 
co-operation with the public schools in the solution of their probl 


N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION 95 


in science instruction; and the development of the Department’s 
collections of material for lending. 


Approximately 250 local plant specimens were collected during 
the year for addition to a reference herbarium from which teachers 
may borrow material for use in the presentation of certain subjects 
in botany. By this means it will be possible for instructors to obtain 
‘accurately named specimens in a sufficient number to cover ade- 
quately at one time a particular aspect of the local flora. This type 
of loan material is intended to supplement the life-like plant models 
now in circulation. 


_ Plant specimens collected previously, numbering 930, were 
determined and mounted on herbarium sheets by the Department 
of Botany. Common names and family relationships were included 
on typewritten labels attached to the sheets, and each sheet was 
covered with a transparent wrapping material for protection. 


_ Specimens were collected for the construction of models already 
under way or planned for the near future, and numerous molds were 
made for this purpose. 


| Material relating to the life history of the honeybee was received 
from Mr. Ellsworth Meineke, of Arlington Heights, Illinois. Besides 
specimens showing wax production, pollen collecting, and other 
features of bee life, Mr. Meineke provided a brood frame with live 
bees in an observation hive. The material is being used to complete 
exhibits upon which considerable work has already been done. 
Forty articles relating to Chicago area Indians, and fifty examples 
of Mexican pottery, clothing, and Aztec carvings (the last-named in 
plaster of Paris casts) were transferred from surplus storage material 
in the Department of Anthropology to the Harris Extension. Dr. 
Nora Brandenburg, of Chicago, gave fourteen specimens of Indian 
beadwork obtained on the Rosebud Reservation of South Dakota in 
1912. Odd as it may seem, some of the specimens were excellent 
examples of the type of work done by Indians of the Chicago area. 


Approximately 1,500 insects were obtained by purchase for 
addition to a reserve collection for the replacement of damaged 
specimens in existing exhibits, or the preparation of new exhibits 
dealing with insects. 


Twenty new installations were completed during the year. These 
include two duplicate cases showing cliff swallows nesting on a lime- 
Stone cliff. The descriptive labels for these cases display a map 
outlining the migration routes of the cliff swallow. This addition 


96 Fre.tp MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—ReEports, VOL. 12 


to the label is an example of the attempts now being made to presen 
as many different aspects of a subject as possible. 


Two exhibits illustrating the progressive feather changes of t 
starling were prepared. They show six stages of development 
molting. The starling was selected because it is a simple examp 
of birds with only one annual molt. 


Four similar cases pertaining to the olive were completed. 
contain realistic models of an olive branch in fruit, displayed j 
association with important economic products of the indust 
Photographs and other material needed for the completion of the 
exhibits were given by the Sylmar Packing Corporation, of 
Angeles, California. 

Material relating to the Indians of the Chicago area was instz 
in eight cases. These exhibits were assembled and installed 
response to a special request. They represent the beginning of 
new series of cases which are expected to be of special interest 
school children. 

An exhibit of eight species of fungi was installed in one ca 
This case is a distinct improvement upon a previous similar exhib 
which it replaces. Duplicate exhibits of common flies, moths, 
oaks were prepared and installed. 

Seven schools were added to the list of those receiving E 
Extension cases, and five were removed for various reasons. 
net gain of two brings the total now served to 474. 


During 1939, seventeen deliveries or loans of two cases each 
made to an average of 473 schools and institutions. The 946 cas 
thus kept in constant circulation suffered no significant dam: 
to their contents while in the schools, although the cabinet of ¢ 
exhibit was broken beyond repair. Ten, or slightly more than o 
per cent, suffered damage to woodwork; in twenty-nine, or slight 
above 3 per cent, the front glasses were broken, and on sixty, 
6.3 per cent, the sliding label frames were injured. Thus it is 
that the sliding label frames, which are in the nature of an append: 
to the case proper, are the most vulnerable part of the assemb 
To strengthen the supports for the frames, in an effort to redt 
such damage, forty-four cases were equipped with auxiliary lab 
guides. Fifty-nine cases were fitted with new solid bottoms, rep) 
ing plywood bottoms which had split, or in which the layers of we 
had separated. ‘Hanger strips,” which relieve the corners of t 
cabinets from all strain when the cases are hung on hooks, were add 
to forty-three cases. 


N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION 97 


One hundred and thirty-two cases with either black or gray interiors 
were painted buff. In reinstalling the material in the newly painted 
cases, every practical effort was made to improve appearance by 
changes in layout, additions of material, or methods of attachment. 
The guiding policy has been to bring all of the existing exhibits to 
a uniform standard of quality as quickly as possible, postponing 
time-consuming replacements or detailed refinements until later. 


In addition to the regular circulation of exhibits, thirty-three 
loans totaling 146 cases were made in response to special requests. 
Twelve of these loans included collections of unattached objects 
which could be handled by the pupils. In some instances, where 
the nature of the specimens permits, this procedure is believed to 

represent a desirable innovation with added educational advantages. 


A comprehensive loan of Mexican material, including four 
standard cases, as well as foodstuffs, articles of clothing, pottery, 
and Indian artifacts, was made to the Peterson Elementary School 
in connection with a school assembly program on Mexico. 


Small sets of unmounted rocks and minerals were lent to each 
of the eight district science advisors of the public elementary schools. 
In addition, two collections of unmounted rocks, minerals, soils, 
and fossils, comprising specific objective material needed for instruc- 
tion in a sixth grade unit of study in science, were lent. Organiza- 
tions other than schools which received special loans of cases were 
the Evanston Public Library, the Garden Club of Evanston, the 
book section of Marshall Field and Company’s retail store, the United 
Charities Camp at Algonquin, Illinois, the Glenwood Park Training 
Camp (a WPA project) at Batavia, Illinois, and the International 
Live Stock Exposition at the Union Stock Yards, Chicago. 


A new room on the ground floor, near the service entrance to 
the Museum, was provided for the storage of the school cases. By 
storing them on shelves, instead of hanging them on racks as was 
done formerly, a great saving of valuable space has been effected. 
Cases which once occupied a floor area of 2,214 square feet when in 
storage on the third floor, now require only 1,190 square feet. A 
further move toward greater efficiency was the construction of four 
work tables in the new room in order that cleaning, polishing, and 
minor repairs may be done close to where the cases are stored. 
The location of the storerooms also saves valuable time by elim- 
inating trucking of cases to the third-floor area formerly occupied. 


The work of placing additional identifying numbers on each of 
the portable cases available for circulation was completed. The 


98 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—REportTs, VOL. 12 


new numbers were stenciled in a color that harmonizes with t 
case finish and yet provides greater legibility than the original bl. 
figures. Only a title number distinguished the cases formerly, 
since there were several cases with different characteristics und 
each title, it was difficult to locate definitely a particular case 
it was out of the Museum. 

The two Museum trucks traveled a total of 11,659 miles in t 
distribution of cases. During the school summer vacation 
necessary work was completed to maintain the trucks in goo 
mechanical condition. 

The renewed effort on the part of school authorities to stre 
science instruction in the grade schools has served to emphasi 
the importance of the work being done by the Harris Extensic 
Numerous letters of appreciation sent to the Museum by scho 
teachers and principals confirm this opinion. 


THE JAMES NELSON AND ANNA LOUISE RAYMOND 
FOUNDATION FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL 
AND CHILDREN’S LECTURES 


The year 1939 has been one of marked activity in the Jam 
Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation. As in the p; 
entertainments have been presented in the James Simpson Theatr 
guide-lecture tours have been given for an increased number 
organizations, and extension lectures in the schools have be 
broadened in scope. The “radio follow-up” programs begun 
1938 in correlation with the presentations of the Public Sche 
Broadcasting Council, were continued. A special series of talks w 
arranged for the guidance of science teachers in the elementat 
grades, and an experimental series of educational programs bh 
television was given in co-operation with the Zenith Rad 
Corporation. 


ENTERTAINMENTS FOR CHILDREN-—-RAYMOND FOUNDATION 


Three series of motion picture entertainments and one spect 
patriotic program were arranged for the young people of the ¢ 
munity. The programs were as follows: 


SPRING COURSE 

February 25—The Grasshopper and the Ant (cartoon by Walt Disney); C 
land Mysteries; The Plow That Broke the Plain; Nep 

Mysteries. 

March 4—How to Know Our Spring Birds; Where Bananas Ripen; Rain 
Natural Bridge; Service Afloat. 


RAYMOND FOUNDATION 99 


M arch 11——Father Noah’s Ark (cartoon by Walt Disney); Living Jewels of the 
Surf; Sponge Divers of Tarpon; Monkey Business; Old Sea 
Chanties. 

M arch 18—Mr. and Mrs. Goldfinch; Cheeka the Indian Lad: Cheeka’s Home; 
Cheeka’s Canoe; Cheeka and the Caribou; The Proud Seminoles. 

M arch 25—Pioneer Days (cartoon by Walt Disney); The Strange Duck-billed 
Platypus; Thrills of Bali. 


April 1—The Declaration of Independence;* Elephants of Today. 


| 
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} 


April 8—Busy Beavers (cartoon by Walt Disney); In Faraway Manchukuo; 
We’re on Our Way; The Life of a Plant; Spotted Wings. 

April 15—Bill and Bob Trap a Mountain Lion; Our Four-footed Helpers; 
The Trumpeter; Majorca the Picturesque; Wild Life on the 
Amazon. 

April 22—RBirds in the Spring (cartoon by Walt Disney); Chumming with 
Chipmunks; Leaping Through Life; Pottery Makers of the South- 
west; Nature’s Armor. 


April 29—In Nature’s Workshop; Let’s Save a Life; Mountains of Alaska; 


Our Zoo Acquaintances. 


SUMMER COURSE 


July 6—The Musical Farmer (cartoon by Walt Disney); ‘‘Cimarron”’ (acted by 


chimpanzees); Hungarian Gypsy Dances; Grass—A Story of Persia. 
July 18—William Tell—A Story of Switzerland. 
July 20—Frolicking Fish (cartoon by Walt Disney); Footprints and Bicycles; 
Water Fun; Adventures of a Mongrel Pup. 
July 27—The Gang (Boy Scout life). 


August 3—The Busy Beavers (cartoon by Walt Disney); The Lovely Taj Mahal; 
The Navaho Demon; Babes in the Woods. 


August 10—The Wedding of Palo—A Story of Eskimo Life in Greenland. 


AUTUMN COURSE 
October 7—Jolly Little Elves (Technicolor cartoon); The 17-year Locust; 
Hummingbirds at Home; Plants and Animals Prepare for Winter. 


October 14—Gathering of the Clan; Boxing with Kangaroos; Columbus:* (a) 
At the Court of Isabella; (b) Landing on American Shores. 


October 21—Animal Aristocracy; The “Father of Waters’; Romantic Mexico. 

October 28—Fun with Don Heaton in the Wild West (Mr. Heaton in person). 

November 4—Land of the Giants; Sea-going Thrills on the Wander Bird; Oriental 
Methods of Traveling; Glimpses of Old China. 

November 11—Armistice Day Program: Famous Dixieland Spirituals; The Pil- 
grims Land at Plymouth;* The Signing of the Declaration of 
Independence;* The Moon and Its Features. 


November 18—Hunting Musk Ox with the Polar Eskimos; Hunting Walrus; 


Eskimo Life in Southern Greenland; In the Land of the Reindeer. 


November 25—Winter (cartoon by Walt Disney); Learning to Ski; Sonja Henie, the 
enon Skater; Life Under the South Seas; The Naas River 
ndians. 


*Yale Chronicles. Gift of the late Chauncey Keep. 


In addition to the afore-mentioned series of entertainments, a 
special program was given on Washington’s Birthday featuring the 
films “Washington as a Boy,” and “Washington as a Man.” 


The total number of motion picture programs offered in the 
James Simpson Theatre was twenty-five, and the attendance at 


/ 


100 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REporRTs, VOL. 12 


these children’s entertainments was 31,363. Of this number, 10,92 
attended the spring course, 4,797 the summer course, 14,079 
autumn series, and 1,561 the special patriotic program. 

Publicity was given to the programs by the Chicago Daily New 
Chicago Tribune, Chicago Herald-American, Chicago Daily Ti 
and Downtown Shopping News, as well as many neighborhood 
suburban papers. 


FIELD MUSEUM STORIES--RAYMOND FOUNDATION 


Several changes were made in the stories for children preps 
by members of the Raymond Foundation staff. The name 
changed from Museum Stories for Children to Field Museum Storie 
Each story became a number of a looseleaf series to be kept constan 
in print for distribution at the Museum Book Shop. The form 
enlarged to fit into binders of average size, and the back page 
each story was left blank for notes of the recipient or p 1Se 
The Book Shop carried binders which were sold at a low cost to 
attending the showings of the motion pictures. 


Following is the list of Field Museum Stories for 1939: 


Series XX XII—Shadow Shows and Puppet Plays; A error Bridges; Animals ¢ 
the Surf; A Birch Bark Canoe; The Strange Plat ; Ele onal hat Tod 
In Faraway Manchukuo; Horns and Antlers; me Pr bu 
Crystals. 


Series XX XIII—Why Leaves Change Color; Poisonous Snakes of the Wester: 
World; The Quetzal—Sacred Bird of the Aztecs; Sand-Paintings of the Na 
Indians; Chinese Writing; The Man in the Moon; The Walrus and the Nar 
whal; The Potlatch. 


A total of 28,000 Museum Stories was distributed to 
attending the Saturday morning programs. 


LECTURE TOURS FOR CHILDREN--RAYMOND FOUNDATION 


The use of the exhibition halls for classwork was extended t 
the following groups by means of conducted tours: 


Number of 
groups Attendance 

Tours for children of Chicago schools: 

Chicago public schools... ............. 507 18,407 

Chicago parochial schools............. 40 1,482 

Chicago private schools. .............. 11 188 
Tours for children of suburban schools: 

Suburban public schools.............. 294 8,992 

Suburban parochial schools............ 20 657 

Suburban Private DOMAON. os os Sade oweee 6 95 
Tours for s groups from clubs 


and o GCEBAMMMRLIONS 066s ck cB cannes 222 8,354 


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RAYMOND FOUNDATION 101 


Guide-lecture service was thus given to 1,100 groups, and the 
aggregate attendance was 38,175. Several of the schools receiving 
the tour service were also given illustrated talks in the Lecture Hall 
preceding the tour of the exhibition halls. These talks introduced 
the groups to the subjects in which they were to receive instruction, 
and oriented them for the tours. The leaders of the groups expressed 
themselves most enthusiastically regarding this type of Museum 
activity. As in 1938, many groups came from outside of the state. 
On December 5 and 7, the Museum was host to parties of 4-H 
Club boys and girls who visited the Museum for special tours of the 
halls devoted to prehistoric plant and animal life, prehistoric man, 
the living races of mankind, and the animal exhibits. The total 
number of delegates to the National Congress of 4-H Clubs who 
attended these special tours was 1,018. 


EXTENSION LECTURES—-RAYMOND FOUNDATION 


Extension lectures were offered to groups in educational institu- 
tions as in the past. For the first time, the lecturers have gone to 
the hospitals in which the Board of Education maintains teachers 
for confined pupils. Talks were given before groups of both ambula- 
tory and bed cases with most satisfactory results. The number of 
lectures presented before camp, church, and club groups also in- 
creased. A new and more attractive form of lecture list was sent 
out giving the subjects of lectures offered for presentation in class- 
rooms, laboratories and auditoriums. The subjects offered to high 
school groups were as follows: 

The Dynamic Earth and Its Meaning to Man; Animals and Plants of Prehistoric 

Ages; The Natural Fauna of the Chicago Region; The Natural Flora of the 

Chicago Region; Prehistoric Man; Ancient Roman Life; Egyptian Customs 


and Art; Behind the Scenes at Field Museum; Taxidermy at Field Museum ve 
(demonstration to groups of 75 or less). 


The subjects offered to elementary schools were: 


For GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 


North American Indians: Woodland Indians, Plains Indians, The Pueblos and |} 
the Navahos; Migisi, the Indian Lad; Mexico, the Land of the Feathered 
Serpent; Caribbean Lands (sugar, coffee, cacao, rubber, chicle, bananas, 
mahogany); South America; Life in Hot and Cold Lands; The Romans; 
The Egyptians; Prehistoric Peoples; Glimpses of Chinese Life. 


For SCIENCE GROUPS 


The Changing Earth: Earth History, Work of Wind and Water, Geography of the 
Chicago Area; Prehistoric Plants and Animals; Insect Friends and Enemies; 
Snakes and Their Relatives; Coal and Iron; Animals of the World at Home; 
Chicago Birds, Animals, Trees, Wild Flowers; Our Outdoor Friends; Nature 
in City Yards and Parks; Behind the Scenes at Field Museum. 


102 Fretp MuseuM OF NATURAL History—Reports, VOL. 12 


Extension lecture service was given as follows: 
Number of 
groups 


Attendance 
Elementary school groups. . . 459 164,663 
High school oy ch saeah tei Se Pied 63 17,985 
Camps, clubs, and other organizations. ...... 82 4,029 


The extension lectures given by the staff of the RB 
Foundation thus totaled 604, and the aggregate attendance 
186,677. 

RADIO PROGRAMS-—-RAYMOND FOUNDATION 


The staff of the Raymond Foundation again co-operated with 
the Public School Broadcasting Council by presenting two serie 
of programs which followed radio broadcasts given by the Counei 
These programs were based upon Museum exhibits which cc 
with the subjects of the broadcasts. Meetings were held in t 
Lecture Hall and the James Simpson Theatre, according to tt 
number in attendance. The audiences were composed of represer 
tatives of the grades most interested in the subjects being dis a 
Mimeographed information sheets were distributed, sample materi: 
examined, and informal discussions encouraged. The meetin 
were followed by tours of the halls devoted to the topic of the day 
The subjects were: Meteorites; Tree Growth Rings; Spring Wilk 
Flowers; Grasses and Forage Plants; Protective Coloration. 
groups came to the Museum for assistance along these lines, and t 
attendance was 1,228 pupils. 


TELEVISION PROGRAMS--RAYMOND FOUNDATION 


During the months of September and October, Field Museu 
entered an entirely new field of activity. In co-operation with t 
Zenith Radio Corporation, it participated in a series of experiment 
programs of an educational nature over the television a 
W9XZV. Members of the Raymond Foundation staff were t 
speakers, and they were televised, as were the stereopticon 
exhibition objects, living reptiles, and pictures they used to illustr 
their subjects. The topics on which the lecturers spoke 
Introduction to Field Museum; The Story of the Earth; / 
American Food Plants; Life Stories of Snakes; Hunters, Herde 
and Farmers; Expeditions and Their Value to Chicagoans. — 
second series is to be presented during the early part of 1940. 


TEACHERS’ TRAINING COURSE—-RAYMOND FOUNDATION 


The science supervisors of the Chicago Public Schools co-operat 
with Field Museum in presenting a series of talks and tours for 


RAYMOND FOUNDATION 103 


benefit of those teachers engaged in teaching science in the third, 
fourth, fifth, and sixth grades. The meetings were concerned with 
the science course presented to elementary grades during the first 
half of the 1939-40 school year. On November 4, the fifth and sixth 
grade teachers were guests of the Museum, and on November 18, 
third and fourth grade teachers received assistance. The subjects 
treated were: Earth History; Rocks and Minerals; Trees and Fungi; 
Bird Migrations; Cats, Dogs, and the Deer Family; Animals of the 
World; Winter Birds; Soil Erosion. The talks in the Lecture Hall 
were followed by tours and discussions. The comments of supervi- 
sors and teachers indicate that this type of Museum activity is of 
great importance to the teachers of the city and suburbs. Three 
hundred and fifty-four teachers took advantage of the programs 
offered. 


ACCESSIONS—RAYMOND FOUNDATION 


For use in the Theatre, Lecture Hall, and in extension lectures, 
the Raymond Foundation acquired 1,513 stereopticon slides made 
by the Division of Photography. The Museum Illustrator, and 
assistants furnished by the Works Progress Administration, colored 
839 of these. 


The Foundation also received from Dr. Henry Field five large 
colored transparencies of Egyptian subjects; from Mr. John R. 
Millar, fifteen colored slides illustrating preparation of exhibits; and 
from the Chicago Slide Company, one slide of a Huon Gulf coconut 
shell cup. 


LECTURE TOURS AND MEETINGS FOR ADULTS—RAYMOND FOUNDATION 


Guide-lecture service was made available without charge to clubs, 
conventions, hospital student groups, church groups, and other 
organizations, and to Museum visitors in general. During July 
and August, morning tours as well as afternoon tours were given. 
Monthly schedules of tours offered were printed, and copies dis- 
tributed at the main entrance of the Museum. City and suburban 
libraries and other civic organizations co-operated by distributing 
the schedules. Tours for the public included 101 of a general nature, 
and 194 on specific subjects. In the 281 groups which participated 
the gross attendance amounted to 5,117 persons. There were also 
special tours for 163 groups from colleges, clubs, hospitals, and 
other organizations, with 3,809 in attendance. 


The Raymond Foundation assisted in the commencement 
exercises held on June 8, for 1,077 foreign-born adults. As in past 


104 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HIstorY—REporTs, VOL. 12 


years, the James Simpson Theatre was made available to the Board 
of Education for the purpose. 


The use of the Lecture Hall was granted to several groups for 
meetings of various kinds. Among these were the science teacher 
meetings, lectures for school groups, club meetings, and the radio 
follow-up programs. In all, thirty-one groups, totaling 2,547 persons, 
were served by the Raymond Foundation in the Lecture Hall. 


SUMMARY OF ATTENDANCE AT ENTERTAINMENTS, LECTURES, ETC. 


The various activities of the James Nelson and Anna Louise — 
Raymond Foundation for Public School and Children’s Lectui 
reached a grand total of 2,205 groups with an aggregate attendance 
of 268,765. 


LECTURES FOR ADULTS 


The Museum's seventy-first and seventy-second courses of free 
lectures for adults were presented in the James Simpson Theatre 
on Saturday afternoons during the spring and autumn months. 
As in past years, they were illustrated with motion pictures anc 
stereopticon slides. Following are the programs of both series: 


SEVENTY-FIRST FREE LECTURE COURSE 
March 4—Where Falls the Yellowstone. 
Mr. Alfred M. Bailey, Colorado Museum of Natural History, Den 
March 11—Rainbow River. 
Mr. Martin K. Bovey, Concord, Massachusetts. 
March 18—Tropical Brazil. 
r. James C. oat Nutley, New Jersey. 
March 25—Africa Speaks A 
Dr. Paul C. F valine, Los Angeles, California. 
April 1—The Basket Maker Indians in Eighth Century Colorado. 
Dr. Paul S. Martin, Field Museum of Natural History. 
April 8—Life Among the Alaskan Eskimos. 
r. Elder C. Anderson, Minneapolis, Minnesota. 
April 15—Colorful Caribbean Shores. 
Mr. William B. Holmes, Evanston, Illinois. 
April 22—Mysterious Kinabalu. 
Mr. Harold J. Coolidge, Jr., Museum of Comparative 
Cambridge, Massachusetts. 
April 29—Western Wild Flowe 
Mr. John Claire Monteith, Hollywood, California. 


SEVENTY-SECOND FREE LECTURE COURSE 
October 7—A Naturalist’s Diary. 
Mr. Karl Maslowski, Cincinnati, Ohio. 
October a Africa Unarmed. 
r. Lewis N. Cotlow, New York City. 
October gia Life Story of the Otter. 
Mr. C. J. Albrecht, Field Museum of Natural History. 


LAYMAN LECTURE TOURS 105 


October 28—Wings from the North. 

Mr. Martin K. Bovey, Concord, Massachusetts. 
November 4—Wonders of Plant Life. 

Mr. Arthur C. Pillsbury, Berkeley, California. 
November 11—What Is Biblical Archaeology and Why? 

Dr. Nelson Glueck, Director of American School of Oriental 

Research, Jerusalem. 

November 18—The Tundra Speaks. 

Dr. Arthur C. Twomey, Carnegie Museum. 
November 25—Stratosphere Exploration. 

Major Chester L. Fordney, Great Lakes, Illinois. 


At these seventeen lectures the total attendance was 16,596 
persons, of whom 9,608 attended the spring series, and 6,988 the 
autumn series. 


LAYMAN LECTURE TOURS 


Mr. Paul G. Dallwig, volunteer member of the Museum staff 
with the title of The Layman Lecturer, continued his popular Sunday 
afternoon lecture tours of Museum exhibits during all except the 
summer and early autumn months. As in the previous seasons 
since this activity was inaugurated in 1937, demands for accommoda- 
tions were so large that, to keep the groups participating within 
limits practicable for handling, it was necessary strictly to limit 
their size, and to require reservations in advance. In many instances, 
reservation lists were filled several weeks in advance. In all, Mr. 
Dallwig conducted thirty parties, and the aggregate attendance was 
2,647, or an average of 88 persons on each lecture tour. This average 
is higher than that of 1938 (which was 80), although the total attend- 
ance was slightly lower due to the fact that lecture tours were given 
on four fewer Sundays. 

Presenting his subjects from a new point of view, Mr. Dallwig 
carries into his work the enthusiasm and accuracy of a true scientist. 
His interpretations of the subjects, presented in wholly non-technical 
terms, make science easily understood and appreciated by his 
audiences. 

It should be emphasized that Mr. Dallwig’s activities are wholly 
altruistic. He receives no compensation, direct or indirect, from 
either the Museum or his audiences. His only reward is in the satis- 
faction that he is performing a notable service to the public and to 
the cause of science. 

The subjects presented by Mr. Dallwig during 1939 were as 
follows: 

January (four Sundays)—Parade of the Races (Hall of Man). 


February (four Sundays)—Gems, Jewels and ‘‘Junk” (Hall of Minerals and the 
Gem Room). 


106 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—REeEports, VOL. 12 


March (four Sundays)—Nature's “March of Time” (Hall of Historical Geology), 
April (five Sundays)—Digging Up the Cave Man's Past (Hall of the Stone 
ge of the Old World). 
May (four Sundays)—Parade of the Races (Hall of Man). 
November (four Sundays)—Gems, Jewels and “Junk” (Hall of Minerals and the 
Gem Room). 


December (five Sundays)—Parade of the Races (Hall of Man). 


SUMMARY OF ATTENDANCE AT LECTURES, ETC. 


Instruction or similar service was rendered by the Museum te 
a total of 2,252 groups comprising 288,008 individuals. ne 
figures include all those reached in the 2,205 groups aggregating 
268,765 children and other persons who participated in the various 
activities under the auspices of the James Nelson and Anna Louise 
Raymond Foundation, in addition to the 16,596 who attended the 
lectures for adults in the James Simpson Theatre, and the 2,64 
who participated in the Sunday afternoon tours presented by the 
Layman Lecturer. 


THE LIBRARY 


Steady growth in the Museum Library’s collections, and a notab 
extension of the services rendered through them to scientists anc 
to the public generally, marked the year 1939. With new acqui 
tions, the total number of books and pamphlets on the shelves reachec 
a total of approximately 118,000. Simultaneously with the expansior 
of the available literature, there has occurred a growing recognitior 
of the Library’s position as a leading reference collection in it 
specialized fields. This is shown by the large number of persor 
both research workers and laymen, who have made use of its facilitie 
which include many rare and valuable works not duplicated in any 
other institution in the Middle West, and some not to be found else 
where in the United States as a whole. Especially gratifying h 
been the fact that the Library has been consulted by students an 
instructors from colleges, universities, secondary institutions, 
other schools. Actually, the seating capacity of the Reading Room 
has at times been taxed by groups of this type of reader. ne) 
have come not only from schools in Chicago and its immedi 
vicinity, but have included some from far distant localities, north 
south, east, and west. 

An important development of the year was the renewal of sub 
scriptions to a number of periodicals which had been discontinu 
in previous years, and the addition of a few others considere 
especially valuable. Among the periodicals added are: Animal ¢ 


LIBRARY 107 


Zoo, Chronica Botanica, Botanical Miscellany, Fossiliwm Catalogus, 
Monumenta Serica, Palaeontographica Americana, Rabenhorst: Cryp- 
togamenflora Deutschlands, Temminckia, and Bronn’s Tverleben. 


Progress has been made also in filling out incomplete files of the 
publications of various learned societies and institutions, many of 
which are received through exchanges for publications issued by 
Field Museum. Containing reports of scientific work being carried 
on in many parts of the world, the publications thus received from 
co-operating institutions are invaluable to Field Museum’s scientific 
staff and to other scholars. The Library’s plans embrace continuing 
effortstoward filling the remaining gapsin the files of such publications. 


In addition to obtaining new exchanges, it has fortunately been 
possible to complete by purchase the files of many other publications 
which were hitherto incomplete. 


A problem was presented by the beginning of the European war, 
which had an immediate adverse effect on the receipt of many 
foreign publications. Some of these ceased publication altogether 
for the duration of the conflict; others were curtailed in size, and 
became irregular in appearance; a number which have managed 
to carry on thus far face a precarious future. 


The Library has benefited by the foreign expeditions of members 
of the Museum staff. Incidental to their work in the field, Museum 
men have made many valuable contacts with other scientific institu- 
tions, and these have resulted in the establishment of new exchange 
relationships of a highly desirable nature. 

During the latter months of the year, an experienced book- 
binder was employed to recondition valuable books which had deteri- 
orated due to age. 

The acquisition of a number of new map cases is important. 
These permit the assemblage in one place of maps that previously 
were scattered in various parts of the building, thus making it more 
convenient for persons desiring to refer to them. It also facilitates 
proper care of the maps, some of which were in need of repairs 
when received in the Library. This work is in progress. Usefulness 
of the maps has been increased not only by their greater accessi- 
bility in the new location, but also by a catalogue, consisting of 
approximately 1,100 cards, prepared by Mr. Peter Gerhard, of 
Winnetka, a volunteer worker whose services in this project are 
greatly appreciated. 

Another addition to the Library is a new case especially for rare 
books. Although it is not the policy of the Museum to purchase 


108 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—Reports, VOL. 12 


books simply because of rarity, but rather for their pertinence 

the fields of knowledge in which the Museum and its Library 
specializing, a number of books of great rarity have nev 
accumulated as a result both of gifts and purchases. Some of thes 
were published in the very early days of printing. Most of them al 
noteworthy for their significance in the history of science. 
of their age and value they require special care which the new be 
case makes possible. 


Some space on the Library shelves, required for the expane 
collections, was made available by returning to the Library 
Congress fifty-two volumes of the early Reports of the Secret 
of War, which did not properly fall within the scope of a library 
natural history. 


Many persons and institutions have contributed generously 
the Library. From the Carnegie Institution, of Washington, DC 
there have again been received, as in previous years, many publ c 
tions which have a bearing upon research work in progress at Fis 
Museum. Useful botanical works were presented by Dr. E. 
Sherff, the Museum's Research Associate in Systematic Bota 
Mr. Stanley Field, President of the Museum, continued his ¢ 
of presenting, as they are published, the issues of the [lustre 
London News in which appear many notable pictures and artic 
on scientific subjects, particularly in archaeology. Among ot 
who are donors of periodicals on a regular basis are Mr. Elme 
Riggs, Curator of Paleontology; Dr. Henry Field, Curator of Phys 
Anthropology; Mr. William J. Gerhard, Curator of Insects; | 
Karl P. Schmidt, Curator of Amphibians and Reptiles; and — 
Clifford C. Gregg, Director of the Museum. Members of the s 
who have given other books include Dr. Field; Dr. Albert B. 
Curator of Melanesian Ethnology; Mr. Paul C. Standley, © 
of the Herbarium; Mr. Henry W. Nichols, Chief Curator of : 
Dr. Paul S. Martin, Chief Curator of Anthropology; and 
J. Francis Macbride, Associate Curator of the Herbarium. 


Among other donors of especially valuable books are Dr. $ 

G. Morley, of the Carnegie Institution, Washington, D.C.; N 
Margaret Ennis, of Chicago; Dr. Eugene Murray-Aaron, of Chicaj 
Mr. W. T. Stearn, of London, England, and Mrs. Georg Vetles 
of New York. Mrs. Vetlesen’s gift consisted of two beautift 
prepared volumes on Chinese jade carvings (sixteenth to ninetee 
centuries). These books, prepared by Mr. Stanley Charles B 
describe and picture objects in Mrs. Vetlesen’s own colle 


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PUBLICATIONS AND PRINTING 109 


Among important purchases of the year should be mentioned 
the following: Linden and Rodigas, Lindenia (12 vols.); Franz 
Werner, Catalog der Conchylien Sammlung (8 vols.); Seler, Gesam- 
melte Abhandlungen zur Amerikanischen Sprach und Alterthumskunde 
(5 vols.) (translation); De Toni, Sylloge Algarum; La Nouva Notarisia 
(1889-1925); S. Umehara, Objects from the Old Tombs of Chun 
T’sung in Lolang; Edgeworth, Cranial Muscles of Vertebrates; Kappers 
and others, Comparative Anatomy of the Nervous System; Indian 
Arts and Letters (new series, vols. 2-8); and D. A. Bannerman, 
Birds of Tropical Africa (vols. 2-5). 

As in previous years, the Library acknowledges with gratitude 
the courtesies extended to it by the Library of Congress, Washington, 
D.C.; the John Crerar Library, Chicago; the Library of the Uni- 
versity of Chicago; the Library of the American Museum of Natural 
History, New York; the Library of the Peabody Museum at Harvard 
University; the Columbia University Library, New York; and the 
Library of the Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. 


Special mention should be made of the untiring work of Mrs. 
Emily M. Wilcoxson, Librarian, and Mrs. Mary W. Baker, Associate 
Librarian, for their ceaseless efforts in classifying and making 
available to scientists and other research workers the tremendous 
store of scientific information on deposit at Field Museum Library. 


PUBLICATIONS AND PRINTING 


As in previous years, the Museum distributed generously the 
numerous publications issued during 1939. To the institutions and 
individual scientists on its exchange lists the Museum last year 
sent 14,894 copies of scientific publications, 1,557 leaflets, 99 mis- 
cellaneous publications and pamphlets, and 288 copies of large 
maps showing tribal allocation in the Near East. Domestic and 
foreign distributions were about equal. An increase of twenty-eight 
was made in the number of names on the domestic and foreign 
exchange lists. 

The Museum also sent 3,797 copies of the Annual Report of the 
Director for 1938, and 621 copies of leaflets, to Members of the 
institution. 

Sales during the year totaled 2,330 scientific publications, 7,737 
leaflets, and 12,033 miscellaneous publications and pamphlets, such 
as Guides, Handbooks, and Memoirs. 

Sixteen large boxes containing 2,787 individually addressed 
envelope parcels and 307 wrapped packages of publications were 


110 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—Reports, VOL. 12 : 
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shipped to the Smithsonian Institution at Washington, D.C., throu 
whose bureau of international exchanges distribution was made 
foreign destinations. Grateful acknowledgment is made of t 
courtesy. An approximately equal quantity of these books was sen 
by stamped mail to domestic institutions, libraries, and scientist 
on the exchange lists. Hild Me 

For future sales and distribution, 22,518 copies of various publi param, 
cations and leaflets were wrapped in packages, labeled, and store oii 
in the stock room. fopia sue 


A notable volume has been added to the Zoological Series b ‘elt 
the publication of the first two parts of A Bibliography of Birds, & pens ye, 
Dr. Reuben Myron Strong. This bibliography is intended as Por my 
guide to the literature of the many phases of the biology of bire fon Neus 
rather than as an index to everything that has ever been writt ey ot | 


Wore 
ey to th 
Donated 
Bela totd 
hn, Muse i} 
SE boptt 


about them. It is hoped that the book may serve as a stimulus to the 

who are interested in things about birds other than their names, plac 

in the scheme of classification, and regions in which they live. 
Another important volume published is Contributions to 


Anthropology of Iran, by Dr. Henry Field. It is accompanied t 
two maps, size 19 x 2414 inches, which show the distribution 


a a a 
mmneentitlleeestttil ete die 


tribes in Iraq and in western Iran. Tegled 
Two interesting leaflets were issued during the year in the bota: ... 
Ry 


series. They are Carnirorous Plants and “‘The Man-Eating 
and Mistletoe and Holly. 


The sale of 1,538 copies of The Races of Mankind and Prehistor 
Man again gives evidence of the great amount of public inte 
in these two subjects. 


The total number of post cards sold during 1939 was §$ 
of which 11,762 were grouped into 554 sets. 


The Museum issued a colored post card of its habitat gre 
of wild turkey, reproduced from a natural color photograph ma 
by Mr. Clarence B. Mitchell, Research Associate in Photograr 
at Field Museum. One new black and white view, also a zoologic 
subject, was added to the assortment of individual post care 


Production of the Division of Printing included twenty-eig 
new numbers in the Museum's regular publication series. 
comprised 3,152 pages of type composition. Five of these 
anthropological in subject matter, four botanical, five geologic 
thirteen zoological, and one was the Annual Report of the Direc 
for 1938. The aggregate number of copies of these printed - 


Mello 
Rik py 
Triiy 
hon th 
Berl 
een 
Mout thi 


aii a eo 
reenter 


PUBLICATIONS AND PRINTING it 


Field Museum Press was 29,707. Of three indexes—one zoological 
and two botanical—consisting of 94 pages, 2,481 copies were printed. 
In the two new botanical leaflets issued, the number of pages was 50, 
and the copies aggregated 4,544. A reprint totaling 3,564 copies 
of the nineteenth edition of the General Guide, containing 56 pages 
and six illustrations, was issued. An eighth edition of the Handbook 
of Field Museum, consisting of 76 pages, was also issued, followed 
by a reprint, the two printings totaling 2,786 copies. The total 
number of pages printed in all books was 3,504; the total number 
of copies issued was 48,082. 

Miscellaneous job work, the total of which exceeded that of any 
previous year, consumed a large part of the time in the Division. 
Of major importance was the printing of twelve issues of Field 
Museum News, which was increased to eight pages per issue at the 
beginning of the year, with an average of 5,000 copies a month. 


- This increase made it possible to amplify the information sent out 


monthly to the members of the Museum, and others. Exhibition 


labels printed for all Departments of the Museum during the year 


reached a total of 4,996. Other impressions, including Field Museum 
News, Museum stationery, posters, lecture schedules, post cards, 
etc., brought the total for the year to 1,012,326. 

The splendid record of achievement in the field of publications 
is in no small sense due to the careful and efficient work of Miss 
Lillian A. Ross, editor and proofreader, whose knowledge and ability 


_ in the field of scientific publication have made possible comparatively 


large scale production with a negligible minimum of error. The 
responsibility for the distribution of Museum publications in turn 
rests upon the capable shoulders of Mrs. Elsie H. Thomas, who 
has carefully systematized her office in order to eliminate loss of 
time between the pressroom at Field Museum and scientific libraries 
throughout the world. 


A detailed list of publications follows: 


PUBLICATION SERIES 


435.—Zoological Series, Vol. 24, No. 1. New Central American Frogs of the 
Genus Hypopachus. By Karl P. Schmidt. January 30, 1939. 6 pages, 
1 text-figure. Edition 843. 

436.—Zoological Series, Vol. 24, No. 2. A New Lizard from Mexico, with a note 
on the genus Norops. By Karl P. Schmidt. January 30, 1939. 4 pages, 
1 text-figure. Edition 800. 

437.—Zoological Series, Vol. 24, No. 3. A New Australian Lizard, with a note 
on Hemiergis. By Hobart M. Smith. January 30, 1939. 4 pages, 
4 text-figures. Edition 822. 

438.—Zoological Series, Vol. 24, No. 4. Notes on Mexican Reptiles and Am- 
phibians. By Hobart M. Smith. January 30, 1939. 22 pages, 1 text- 
figure. Edition 823. 


112 FreELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—ReEports, VOL. 12 


439.—Botanical Series, Vol. 20, No. 1. The Myxophyceae of M 
Francis Drouet. February 28,1939. 14 pages, | text-figure. 
440.—Geological Series, Vol. VI, No. 23. A New Amphicyon from & : 
River Miocene. By Paul O. McGrew. March 1939. 
5 text-figures. Edition 859. 
441.—Geological Series, Vol. VI, No. 24. New Pantodonta and Dinocerata fr 
the Upper Paleocene of Western Colorado. By Bryan Patterson. 
24, 1939. 34 pages, 12 text-figures. Edition 850. 
442.—Zoological Series, Vol. 25, Part I. A Biiberephy oe of oe ' 
Catalogue, A to J. By Reuben Myron Stron 1939. 
pages. Edition 1,365. (Combined with Publication No. iat) 
443.—Report Series, Vol. XI, No. 3. Annual Report of the Director for 
year 1938. January, 1939. 170 pages, 12 plates. Edition 5,585. 
444. AiAckmene Low Series, Vol. XXIII, No. 3. Modified Basket 
wry Area, Southwestern Colorado, 1938. es ES Pat 8. 
June 27, 1939. 196 pages, 86 text-figures, 1 colo plate, 19 
Edition 739. 
445.—Zoological Series, Vol. 26. The Mexican and Central American 
of the Genus Sceloporus. By Hobart M. Smith. July 27, 1939. 
pages, 31 plates, 59 text-figures. Edition 811. 
446.—Anthropological Series, Vol. XX, No. 3. Archaeology of Santa 
ng The Tairona Culture. Part II, Section 2. Ob of Pot 
By J. Alden Mason, with an appendix on ceramic technology by D : 
gaa August 15, 1939. 146 pages, 85 plates, 26 caxt-gunell 


447.— Zoological Series, Vol. 24, No. 5. Eight New Bats of the Genus R 
By Colin Campbell Sanborn. September 19, 1939. 8 pages. Edition 


448.—Zoological Series, Vol. 24, No. 6. A New Coral Snake from British G Guis 
= Se arl P. Schmidt. September 19, 1939. 4 pages, 1 text-figure. Ed 


449.—Zoological Series, Vol. 24, No. 7. Reptiles and Amphibians from § 
western Asia. By Karl P. Schmidt. September 19, 1939. 44 5 
1 text-figure. Edition 894. 

450.—Zoological Series, Vol. 24, No. 8. Malacological Notes. Fritz Hs 
September 19, 1939. 12 pages, 3 text-figures. Edition 7 

451.—Zoological Series, Vol. 24, No. 9. Carcinological Notes. By Claire 
September 19, 1939. 4 pages, 3 text-figures. Edition $17. 

452. ae Series, Vol. 24, No. 10. Three New Birds of the Genus § 
By H. G. Deignan. September 19, 1939. 6 pages. Edition . 

453. ceed made ve XVII, No. 6. Genus Labordia. Hawaiian J ; 
biaceae. Labiatae and Compositae. By Earl Edward Sherff. 
19, 1939. 168 pages. Edition 920. 

454.—Geological Series, Vol. VI, No. 25. A Specimen of 
tinus. By Elmer S. Riggs. October 31, 1939. 8 pages, 3 tex 
Edition 849. 

455.—Geological Series, Vol. VI, No. 26. Se Pee Didel: 
By aul O. McGrew. October 31, 1939. 8 pages, 1 text-figure. 
27. 

456.—Geological Series, Vol. VII, No. 5. Radioactive Determination of ] 
tinium in ee Terrestrial and Meteoritic Material. By Re 
Evans, Jane L. Hastings, and Walter C. Schumb. October 31, 
8 pages. Edition 1,180. 

457.—Zoological —e Vol. ~ Part Il. A cag ane of Birds. 
Catalogue, K to Z. Reuben Myron Strong. November 30, 
474 pages. Edition tn 1,380. (Combined with Publication No. 442.) 

0 ae Series, Vol. 3, No. 1. Contributions to the A ) 
of Iran. By ei hg Nema 15, 1939. 508 pages, 

figures, 1 map. 


PHOTOGRAPHY AND ILLUSTRATION a ba 3 


459.—Anthropological Series, Vol. 29, No. 2. Contributions to the Anthropology 
of Iran. By Henry Field. December 15, 1939. 198 pages, 4 text- 
figures, 144 plates. Edition 750. 


Map A. Distribution of Tribes in Iraq. Size 19x 2414 inches. (To accom- 
pany “The Anthropology of Iraq,’’ by Henry Field, Anthropological Series, 
Vol. 30.) Edition 1,000. 


Map B. Distribution of Tribes in Western Iran. Size19x 2414 inches. (To 
accompany “Contributions to the Anthropology of Iran,’’ by Henry Field, 
Anthropological Series, Vol. 29.) Edition 1,000. 


460.—Botanical Series, Vol. 20, No. 2. Francis Wolle’s Filamentous Myxophyceae. 
By Francis Drouet. December 22, 1939. 50 pages, 1 text-figure. Edition 
1,050 


461.—Botanical Series, Vol. 20, No. 3. The Planktonic Freshwater Species of 
Microcystis. By Francis Drouet and William A. Daily. December 22, 
1939. 20 pages. Edition 1,000. 


462.—Anthropological Series, Vol. 31, No. 1. Anthropometric Observations on 
the Eskimos and Indians of Labrador. By T. Dale Stewart. December 
30, 1939. 164 pages, 16 plates, 1 text-figure, 1 map. Edition 625. 


Botanical Series, Vol. XVIII. Index. January, 1939. 46 pages. Edi- 
tion 831. 


Botanical Series, Vol. XIII, Part II. Index. February, 1939. 24 pages. 
Edition 824. 


Zoological Series, Vol. XX. Index. July, 1939. 24 pages. Edition 826. 


LEAFLET SERIES 


Botany, No. 23. Carnivorous Plants and “The Man-Fating Tree.” By 
Sophia Prior. 20 pages, 8 plates. February, 1939. Edition 2,044. 


Botany, No. 24. Mistletoe and Holly. By Sophia Prior. 30 pages, 8 text- 
figures. December, 1939. Edition 2,500. 
HANDBOOK SERIES 


Handbook. Information concerning the Museum—its history, building, 
exhibits, expeditions, endowments, and activities. Eighth edition. 
February, 1939. 76 pages, 8 plates, 1 cover design. Edition 2,248. 


Handbook. Eighth edition (reprint). February, 1939. 76 pages, 8 plates, 
1 cover design. Edition 538. 
GUIDE SERIES 


General Guide to Field Museum of Natural History Exhibits. Nineteenth 
| edition (reprint). 1939-40. 56 pages, 9 text-figures, 1 cover design. 
Edition 3,564. 


PHOTOGRAPHY AND ILLUSTRATION 


Negatives, prints, photographic enlargements, lantern slides, 
| transparencies, etc., produced in the Division of Photography during 
/1939 totaled 23,385 items. Of these the great majority were to 
fulfill requirements of the various Departments and Divisions of 
the Museum, but the total includes also 461 prints, enlargements, 
. and slides made for sales on orders received from outside the Museum. 
The Staff Photographer and his Assistant were responsible for 
the production of 9,139 of the total items. The remainder were 
ithe work of several workers assigned by the federal Works Progress 
Administration. The Museum men did the work which required 


i 


114 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—ReEports, VOL. 12 


most skilful attention, and that performed by WPA workers 
more routine in character, consisting chiefly of making prints, largel: 
of type specimens of plants for the Herbarium from negatiy 
secured in Europe as a result of a project of the Department ¢ 
Botany. 

Continuance of the important task of classifying, indexing, 
numbering negatives and prints, and maintaining the collection ¢ 
negatives in the files in systematic order, was made possible by 
cal helpers furnished by the WPA. In this work, more than 47,0 
items were handled. Without such systematization, the usefulnes 
of the photographic files would be greatly decreased. 

The Museum Collotyper and his assistant produced a total ¢ 
830,737 prints. These included illustrations for publications 
leaflets, covers for books and pamphlets, picture post cards, headir 
for lecture posters, and miscellaneous items. 

Work performed by the Museum Illustrator included the makir 
of 51 drawings, coloring of 400 stereopticon slides, retouching 
94 photographs, blocking of 96 photographic negatives, and varie 
other tasks. 


PUBLIC RELATIONS 


The year 1939 was marked by improvement of Field M 
News, the monthly bulletin sent to all Members of the Musew 
Its size was increased from four to eight pages, its typographic 
makeup was changed to afford better legibility, and its edite 
content was expanded. The publication of some longer articl 
and of a greater variety of articles, both long and short, was tt 
made possible. The number of illustrations was also increa 
The twelve issues of the year constituted the tenth volume, 
as during the previous nine years of publication, copies were 
promptly to all Members at the beginning of each month. Am 
new features were: a series of editorials under the heading “Fr 
the Director's Desk’’; various articles of considerable length whi 
enabled members of the scientific staff to present their reminiscen 
of expeditions; expositions of certain interesting angles of scient 
research and technique, and historical phases of various subje 
illustrated by the exhibits. Again, as in 1938, the use of a four-co 
illustration was made possible as a result of the contribution, by] 
Clarence B. Mitchell, Research Associate in Photography, of e¢ 
photographs he made, and the special process plates from whiel 
print reproductions of them. Mr. Mitchell's four-color illustrat 
this year showed the Museum’s wild turkey group, and appeare 


PUBLIC RELATIONS 115 


the November issue as a Thanksgiving feature, accompanied by a 
special article written by the Curator of Birds. 


Besides maintaining constant contact between the Museum and 
its Members, and keeping them informed of the institution’s activi- 
ties, Field Museum News serves as a form of correspondence between 
this Museum and institutions all over the world on publication 
exchange lists. It also functions as a medium of publicity, supple- 
menting the mimeographed news releases circulated by the Division 
of Public Relations. Many of the articles in the News were reprinted 
or quoted in newspapers and magazines. 


Through general publicity, every effort was made by the Museum 
to keep the public promptly, constantly, and thoroughly informed 
of all the institution’s activities. The 321 news releases, prepared 
and distributed to daily newspapers by the Public Relations Counsel 
during the year, covered all Museum services for the public such as 
lectures, children’s programs, tours, etc., and also such activities 
as the installation of new exhibits, the dispatching of expeditions, 
and the results of research conducted by the scientific staff. In 
many cases, the releases were accompanied by photographs. The 
scope of the Museum’s news distribution includes not only the several 
great metropolitan dailies of Chicago which naturally are a primary 
objective, but also long lists of small community papers published 
in various sections of the city, the foreign language papers which 

‘reach groups of Chicagoans of various national origins, and the 
principal papers published in the suburbs of Chicago and in medium- 
sized cities in Illinois and neighboring states. Those news releases 
possessing more than local interest in this region were given national, 
and even international, circulation through the co-operation of such 
“news agencies as the Associated Press, United Press, International 
News Service, Science Service, Wide-World Photos, and others. 
Certain of the more important individual newspapers in some of the 
largest cities of the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, because of the inter- 
est they have evinced in the Museum’s news, are also carried on the 
mailing lists, and in some instances, notably the New York Times, 
have given about as much space to the Museum as the local press. 


| As in the past, editors of newspapers and magazines, whose 
interest was aroused by general releases, sent their own staff writers 
‘and photographers to develop special stories on Museum activities. 
Likewise, in a number of cases, news from Field Museum excited 
jcomment in the editorial columns of leading newspapers. In its 


publicity efforts, notable co-operation was extended to the Museum 


116 FreELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HistorY—REportTs, VOL. 12 


by the Chicago Daily News, which showed greater sympathy with 
and understanding of the aims and mission of the Museum than any 
other Chicago newspaper. Appreciation is due also to the Chice 
Tribune, Chicago Daily Times, Chicago Evening American, ¢ 
Chicago Herald-and-Examiner (the last-named two merged d 
the year to become the Chicago Herald-American), Chicago Jou: 
of Commerce, and Downtown Shopping News. Among weekly ane 
monthly periodicals showing great interest in the Museum’ 
work were the Illustrated London News, This Week in Chicage 
National Corporation Reporter, Travel, and others. Of special not 
was a full-page reproduction in natural colors of the Museum’ 
habitat group of quetzal, the ‘‘national bird’’ of Guatemala, whie 
was published in the Illustrated London News (issue of March 28 
1939). This, like the Field Museum News color plate previousl 
mentioned, was made from a color photograph taken by Mr. Mitchel 


At the request of the General Electric X-ray Corporatic 
arrangements were made whereby there was lent to that compan 
an Egyptian mummy from the Museum’s Department of Anth 
pology, for use in an exhibit at the New York World's Fair. Ther 
the mummy was installed in an exhibit with fluoroscopic apparat 
which revealed its interior to the public. This resulted in ec 
siderable publicity, in which the representatives of the X 
corporation, the United Air Lines (by which the mummy 
shipped), and the Museum collaborated. 


Other forms of publicity which kept the Museum in the publ 
attention included a number of broadcasts on various radio statiot 
and networks; the display of placards advertising Museum exhibi 
and lectures; and the distribution of many thousands of fol 
announcing the Sunday afternoon lecture tours presented by WV 
Paul G. Dallwig, the Layman Lecturer, as well as folders givi 
general information about exhibits, Museum tours, admission, € 
Greatly appreciated is the continued co-operation of the Chie 
Rapid Transit Lines, the Chicago Surface Lines, the Chicago, Auro 
and Elgin Railroad, the Chicago, North Shore and Milwaukee Ra 
road, the Chicago and Northwestern Railway, and the Illin 
Central System, all of which displayed Museum placards 
their stations or in their passenger cars. In addition to th 
companies, which have placed their advertising media at | 
Museum's disposal without charge for many years, in 1939 © 
Chicago Motor Coach Company likewise co-operated by display 
Field Museum cards on its busses. Invitations, accompanied 


MEMBERSHIP 


a BY 


folders, were sent to the delegates attending several hundred con- 
ventions held in Chicago, and served to bring many of the city’s 
visitors to the Museum. Folders were distributed also through 
hotels, office buildings, transportation companies, commercial organi- 
zations, department stores, libraries, schools, travel bureaus, and 
other public institutions. Posters advertising the lecture courses 


were also displayed in some of these establishments. 


MEMBERSHIP 


It is most encouraging to be able to report an increase in the 
number of Museum Members for 1939. The total number of 


memberships recorded as of December 31, 1939, is 4,171. 


It is 


gratifying also to report a decrease in the number of Members who 


found it necessary to resign from membership during 1939. 


To 


these former Members an expression of appreciation is due for their 
past support, and an invitation is extended to them to resume their 
association with the cultural activities of the institution whenever 


they may find it possible again to enroll as Members. 


An acknowledgment of appreciation and gratitude is made to 


| Honorary Members 
Patrons 
Corresponding Members 
Contributors 
Corporate Members 
/ Life Members 


Sustaining Members 
Annual Members 


oe found on the pages at the end of this Report. 


the many Members who have so loyally continued their support 
of the institution, and to the many new Members who have become 
associated with it. Such public-spirited support is an essential aid to 
the successful continuance of the cultural program of Field Museum. 


_ The following tabulation shows the number of names on the 
list of each of the membership classifications at the end of 1939: 


The names of all persons listed as Members during 1939 will 


In the pages which follow are submitted the Museum’s financial 


_jtatements, lists of accessions, et cetera. 


| CLIFFORD C. GREGG, Director 


118 FreLp MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—REporTs, VOL. 12 


COMPARATIVE ATTENDANCE STATISTICS 
AND DOOR RECEIPTS 


FOR YEARS 1938 AND 1939 


1939 
KOURL MECODOOANOG ic cclcc Ga dwacbmcs asco cecees 1,410,454 
py. eee ee ee eee 83,518 
Free admissions on pay days 
PEPE Peer Ter ree 76,651 
PGIMOOL CHIMMAPERL |: <2 he So ce vary te ae oe 92,946 
eee ae Prey. oe 3,084 
MR OOUINIEG 5. sites sins ee cea ke eee 1,156 
Admissions on free days: 
RUMOUR AGE) . yds lsd-e eke whviaouue oie 212,455 52 
Satarrtinye CUE) obs. bccscaws cures ....- 879,887 52 
Rantens Ca). ia. ck bic ktian do@ccetestes 561,307 51 
Highest attendance on any day (June 2)..... 58,002 (May 20 
Lowest attendance on any day (January 30). . 8 ag 6 
Highest ae attendance yi ap rere mia ranes 2,442 Sept. 5 
Average oer admissions ha days) ........ 3,885 oon days 
Average pai = Gar erm ei (207 days)......... 403 208 days 
Number of guides sold..................... 8,607 
Number of articles checked. ................ 22,874 
Number of picture post cards sold........... 92,325 


Sales of publications, leaflets, handbooks, 
portfolios, and photographs ............ $4,819.18 


FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 


i) 


COMPARATIVE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR YEARS 1938 AND 1939 


INCOME 1939 
Endowment Funds............ $198,455.79 
Funds held under annuity agree- 

AUICTUGS MRI clots. ca alie's seed. ae 25,728.52 
Life Membership Fund........ 10,659.18 
Associate Membership Fund... 11,697.08 
Chicago Park District......... 86,093.85 
Annual and Sustaining Member- 

2S Lobe 11,555.00 
1S (Cr 20,879.50 
eumadry receipts.....:......... 20,012.66 
Contributions, general purposes. 298.65 
Contributions, special purposes 

(expended per contra)..... 55,399.14 


Special funds—part expended 
this year for purposes 
designated (included per 


SUT) 14,457.31 
EXPENDITURES 
 - : Fn $ 38,256.62 


Operating expenses capitalized 
and added to collections... 43,749.41 


MeeCHIGIONS........:-:.-.<.. 14,549.75 

Furniture, fixtures, etc......... 18,247.70 

Wages capitalized and added to 
Lin.) 8,766.55 


cin and Group Insurance.. 49,281.28 
Pensions, past service liability. . 220,096.71 


Departmental expenses........ 42,019.41 
General operating expenses. ... 318,676.76 

xtraordinary building repairs.. 37,311.66 
Annuities on contingent gifts... 29,506.39 
Interest SRMMTATISO Goats St) heh a 
Paid on bank loans........... 26,600.00 


Reserve for extraordinary 
_ building repairs and me- 
chanical plant depreciation 25,000.00 


$455,236.68 


$872,062.24 


1938 
$191,247.11 


28,878.51 
11,903.16 
12,843.41 
117,904.31 


11,020.00 
22,774.25 
19,757.51 
25,961.22 


28.172.28 


15,276.54 


$ 9,918.28 


43,731.66 
13,159.97 
24,923.14 


6,141.68 
15,361.67 
42,860.28 
311,591.69 
30,044.40 
1,229.00 

9,400.00 


$485,738.30 


$508,361.77 


L . Deficit.. $416,825.56 $ 22,623.47 
vontribution by Mr. Marshall Field..... 415,138.78 19,530.00 

Net Deficit.. $ 1,686.78 eOEB eq 
Notes payable January 1...... $ 26,600.00 $ 36,000.00 
Semon account.............. 26,600.00 9,400.00 
3alance payable December 31.. A ORE ai $ 26,600.00 


THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION 


1939 
ncome from Endowment...... $18,158.00 
‘perating expenses ........... 16,509.32 

| December 31...... Balance $ 1,648.68 


1938 
$16,883.42 
15,773.74 


$ 1,109.68 


120 FieLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HisToRY—REpoRTs, VOL. 12 
LIST OF ACCESSIONS 


DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY 


ANDERSON, MRS. MILDRED, Chicago: 
1 jungle belt—Dakar, French West 
Africa (gift). 

Anonymous Donor, Chengtu, Szech- 
wan, China: 60 ceramic specimens from 
kiln sites, 2 T’ang dynasty pottery heads 
—Szechwan, China (gift). 

ARMSTRONG, A. LESLIE, Warrington, 
England: 3 deer antler picks—Grimes 
Graves, Suffolk, England (gift). 


AuGuR, MuRRAY B., ESTATE OP, 
Chicago: 38 Indian specimens from 
Sioux, Kiowa, Apache, and Navaho of 
Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and 
Arizona (gift). 

BENN, Mrs. ALONZO NEWTON, Chi- 
cago: 1 serape—northern Mexico (gift). 

BUFFALO MUSEUM OF SCIENCE, 
Buffalo, New York: 127 miscellaneous 
ethnological s cng Guinea, 
Melanesia, and Micronesia (exchange). 

BurRpDIcK, Miss NINA, Chicago: 1 
basket—-Makah Indians, Vancouver 
Island, British Columbia (gift). 


CARPENTER, Mrs. GEORGE A., Chi- 
cago: 1 pottery jar, Bizen ware, more 
than 100 years old—Japan (gift). 

CARSON, ROBERT S., New York: 13 
pottery fragments of typical black and 
gray ware—site of Ch’eng-tsu-yai exca- 
vation, Lung-shan, Shantung, China 
(gift). 

CHAIT, RALPH, New York: 2 bronze 
halberd butts, with light “water patina,” 
third century B.c. (gift). 

Commons, GEORGE, Oak Park, IIli- 
nois: 1 skeleton from gravel mound— 
near Algonquin, Illinois (gift). 

CORWIN, Mrs. CHARLES ABEL, Chi- 
cago: 1 Japanese silk wedding robe— 
Japan (gift). 

Dart, Miss HELEN M., Chicago: 
1 Bundu mask—West Africa (gift). 

DONNELLEY, THomas E., Chi ¢ 
11 pieces of bronze and 33 ‘of en 
movable type from Korea, thought to 
date from middle of fifteenth century 
A.D. (each type resents a Chinese 
character)—Seoul, Korea (gift). 

DONNELLEY, THORNE, Chicago: 3 
drums—Negroes, Haiti (gift). 

Fieitp, Dr. HENRY, Chicago: 3 glass 
and 4 pottery lachrymatories eee 
bracelets—Ostia, near Rome, Italy; 


Parthian stamp seals and 1 Sasan 
stamp seal—Balad Sinjar, Iraq; % 
Roman antiquities—Rome and | a 

land; 26 Near East 
mens, and 11 prehistoric animal b 
Saccopastore, near Rome, Italy; 38 
—Karbala, Iraq (gift). 


FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL Hi 


Collected by Dr. Paul S. 
(Field Museum Archaeological Exp 
tion to the Southwest): appr timat 
350 specimens consisting of bone a 
stone tools, potsherds and whole 
mendable pieces of pottery, and sk 
tal material. 


Purchases: 177 flints—England; 
ieces of black pottery, probaly 
istoric—Liang-chu, near : 

Chekiang Province, China; lacqu 

wooden grille, presumably 0 
of a coffin, about fourth century 
2 Chinese Shang Cyne bronze 

ons—China; 26 casts of oma 
from prehistoric sites—England; 1 C 
nese bronze tomb fixture—P pin 
China; 25 objects of clothing, sche 
books, etc., and toys of two Chin 
school children—Tung hsien, near 

ping, China; 1 prehistoric jar, 23 
of peasant embroidery, 10 shade 
figures—Szechwan province, 


FIsHEeR, ANNE, ESTATE OF, Millt 
Dutchess County, New York: 1381 
tives and pase 38 negatives, 85 p 


and 15 enlarged prints of scenes in It 
(gift). 
GAYTON, LORAN 


skulls and 1 nn (gift) . 


HamBieton, C. J., Chicago: 1 
betan prayer wheel of ‘silver, inlaid ¥ 
turquoise and coral—Tibet (gift). 


HARBAUGH, CHaRLes B., J 
: 1 pair of Sioux 
States; 1 hippopotamus tusk and 1st 
knife with wooden  hanc e 
region, Africa (gift). 
JOSEPH, remiss Ww. 
Plains Indian 
Sioux (gift). 
LAMBERT, Dr. S. M., 
York: 265 ethnological 
New Guinea and Pacific 


LupLow, Mrs. A. L, bstam 
Cleveland, ‘Ohio: 110 Korean ¢ r 


hood—Da Da 
pe 


Decit 


ACCESSIONS 


complete key charm, and 1 policeman’s 
club—Seoul, Korea (gift). 


MANDEMENT, J., Ussat-les-Bains, 
Ariége, France: 6 archaeological objects 
—France (gift). 


MarsTON, ALVAN T., London, Eng- 
land: 16 flint implements, and 1 molar 
tooth of an elephant—Barnfield Pit, 
Swanscombe, Kent, England (gift). 


NESBITT, DR. PAUL H., Beloit, Wis- 
consin: 27 Mogollon sherds represent- 
ing various kinds of pottery, 5 pieces of 
whole pottery, and 2 stone hoes—Re- 
serve, New Mexico (exchange). 


PEABODY, Miss S. W., Chicago: 2 
silver repoussé bowls, 3 lacquer boxes, 


121 


1 specimen of old money—Laos, Siam 
(gift). 

PEI, Dr. W. C., Peiping, China: 2 
plaster busts of restoration of Sinan- 
thropus pekinensis by Lucille Swan, 1 
set of colored plaster casts of teeth, and 
115 artifacts and casts of implements 
from Choukoutien—China (gift). 

Town, WILLIAM J., Detroit, Michi- 
gan: 1 skull—near Dearborn, Michigan 
(gift). 

WATKINS, FRANK, Chicago: 1 com- 
plete suit of Japanese armor composed 
of 14 separate parts—Japan (gift). 

WILSON, SAMUEL E., Chicago: 4 
Chinese bronze mace heads, one with 
iron handle—China (exchange). 


DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY—ACCESSIONS 


ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: 445 speci- 
mens of United States plants, 10 speci- 
mens of diatoms (exchange). 


ACKLEY, Dr. ALMA B., Detroit, 
Michigan: 1 algal specimen (gift). 
__ AELLEN, Dr. PAUL, Basel, Switzer- 
land: 36 specimens of European plants 
(exchange). 


AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL 

| COLLEGE, Monticello, Arkansas: 628 
plant specimens (gift); 142 plant speci- 

/ mens (exchange). 

| AGUILAR G., Josk IGNACIO, Guate- 

mala City, Guatemala: 767 specimens 
_ of Guatemalan plants (gift). 


ANDERSON, Dr. Epaar, St. Louis, 
Missouri: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

APOLINAR-MARIA, REV. BROTHER, 
| Bogota, Colombia: 204 specimens of 
_ Colombian plants (gift). 


ARNOLD ARBORETUM, Jamaica Plain, 
Massachusetts: 1,446 specimens of 
Chinese plants (exchange). 


_ ARTAMONOFF, Mrs. GEORGE, Chi- 
cago: 150 specimens of Mexican and 
_ Central American plants (gift). 


_._ Bapber, Miss JoAN, Toms River, New 
| Jersey: 2 algal specimens (gift). 

__ BARKLEY, DR. FRED A., Missoula, 
| Montana: 4 specimens of algae (gift). 


| Barros, DR. MANUEL, Buenos Aires, 
| 


Argentina: 59 specimens of plants from 
_ Argentina (exchange). 


_ Bauer, BIL., Webster Groves, Mis- 
; et) : 465 specimens of Missouri plants 
| (gift). 


| 


BAusor, Dr. S. C., Bethlehem, Penn- 
sylvania: 6 specimens of algae (gift). 


BENKE, HERMANN C., Chicago: 269 
specimens of United States plants 
(gift). 

Botp, Dr. HAROLD C., Nashville, 
Tennessee: 257 specimens of algae 
(gift). 

BoTANIC GARDENS, Melbourne, Aus- 
tralia: 50 specimens of Australian plants 
(exchange). 

BoTANICAL MusEuM, HARVARD UNI- 
VERSITY, Cambridge, Massachusetts: 
161 specimens of Philippine plants 
(gift). 

BowDEN, WRAY M.., Boyce, Virginia: 
2 plant specimens (gift). 

BRACELIN, Mrs. H. P., Berkeley, 
California: 91 plant specimens (gift). 


Brown, Miss MARJORIE, Benning- 
ton, Vermont: 135 specimens of Panama 
plants (gift). 

BuTLER, Mrs. GEORGE A., ESTATE 
oF, Chicago: 256 cryptogamic speci- 
mens (gift). 

CALDERON, DR. SALVADOR, San Sal- 
vador, El Salvador: 1 plant specimen 
(gift). 

CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, 
San Francisco, California: 188 speci- 
mens of California plants (exchange). 


CARLE, ERWIN W., Pomona, Cali- 
fornia: 17 wood specimens (exchange). 


CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASH- 
INGTON, Desert Laboratory, Tucson, 
Arizona: 64 specimens of plants from 
Lower California (exchange). 


122 FieLp MuseuUM OF NATURAL History—REeEports, VOL. 12 


CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASH- 
INGTON, Division of Plant Biol 
Stanford University, California: 5 pho- 
tographic prints (exchange). 

CARNEGIE Museum, Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania: 430 specimens of Penn- 
sylvania plants (exchange). 

CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA, 
Washington, D.C.: 330 specimens of 
American plants (exchange). 

CENTRO NACIONAL DE AGRICULTURA, 
San Pedro Montes de Oca, Costa Rica: 
130 specimens of Costa Rican plants 
(gift). 

CLARKSON, Mrs. RAupH, Chicago: 1 
plant specimen (gift). 

CLEMENS, Mrs. Mary S., Lae, Mo- 
robe, New Guinea: 14 specimens of New 
Guinea plants (gift). 

CLoKey, IRA W., South Pasadena, 
California: 15 plant specimens (gift). 

CONSERVATOIRE ET JARDIN BOoTA- 
NIQUES, Geneva, Switzerland: 2,700 
specimens of plants from tropical Amer- 
ica (exchange). 

CORNELL UNIVERSITY, Department 
of Botany, Ithaca, New York: 129 plant 
specimens (exchange). 

CORRELL, DONOVAN S., Cambridge 
Massachusetts: 76 specimens of United 
States plants (gift). 

CROASDALE, DR. HANNAH C., Han- 
over, New Hampshire: 1 algal specimen 
(gift). 

CuTLeR, HucGu C., St. Louis, Mis- 
souri: 19 plant specimens (gift). 

Dairy, WitutamM A., Indianapolis, 
Indiana: 138 specimens of algae (gift). 

DAMANN, K., Evanston, Illinois: 5 
specimens of algae (gift). 

DANIEL, Rev. BROTHER H., Medellin, 
Colombia: 80 specimens of Colombian 
plants (gift). 

DasTon, Josern S., 
plant specimens (gift). 

DEAM, CHARLES C., regia Indi- 
ana: 6 plant specimens (gift). 

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, Cen- 
tral Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Can- 
ada: 244 specimens of Canadian plants 
(exchange). 

DrreccioN GENERAL DE TIERRAS 
DEL MINISTERIO DE AGRICULTURA, Her- 
bario Forestal de la Seccién Técnica a 
Bosques, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 
plant specimen (gift). 

Drreccion T&cNIcA, Ministerio de 
Agricultura y Cria, Caracas, Venezuela: 


Chicago: 3 


973 specimens of Venezuelan 
(gift). 
Drury, NEwTon B., Ber ‘ 
fornia: 3 photographic prints (gift). 
DurHAM, OREN C., Chicago: 1 p 
specimen (gift). 
Dyer, R. A., Pretoria, South 
1 specimen of palm fruits (gift). 
Evias, Rev. Brotuer, C 
Venezuela: 53 specimens of Venez 
plants (gift). 
Eis, Miss CHARLOTTE C., Manco 
Colorado: 109 specimens of Colo 
plants (gift). 
Evans, Dr. HERBERT M., Berkeley 
California: 1,650 plant specimens (gift) 
FAIRCHILD, Dr. Davin, Coconut 
Grove, Florida: 2 plant specimens (gift) 
Frevp, Dr. Henry, Chicago: 2 sp 
mens of vegetable extracts, 42 sp 
mens of algae (gift). 
FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTOR 


Collected by Donald Richards an 
Dr. Francis Drouet: 205 specimens 


algae. 
Collected by John R. Millar: 
specimens of Colorado plants; (S 


L. Avery Expedition to Nova Scotl 
1938): 87 specimens of ? 

Collected by Karl P. Schmidt ; 
lanic Expedition of Field Museum): 
specimens of Peruvian plants. 

Collected by Paul C. poy g 
L. Avery Expedition of Fiel 
1938-39): approximately 30,000 
mens of Guatemalan plants. 

Collected by Paul C. S 
Dr. Julian A. Steyermark: 25 
of Indiana and Michigan plants. 

Collected by Dr. Julian A. § 
mark: 5,107 specimens of ™ 
plants. 

Collected by G. T. Velasquez, De 
Richards, and Dr. Francis D 
specimens of algae. 

Collected by Leon L. a (Fi 
Museum Florida Expedition, 1939) 
specimens of marine algae. ; 

Collected by Llewelyn 
1,730 specimens of Vonsensiall 
242 wood specimens, 7 economic §] 
mens. 

Made by J. Francis Macbride: 4 
photographic negatives of type : 
mens of plants. 

Transferred from the Division ¢ 
tography: 2,474 photographic pf 


puet: 


ACCESSIONS 


Purchases: 2,179 cryptogamic speci- 
mens; 163 plant specimens—British 
Guiana; 945 plant specimens—Costa 
Rica; 309 plant specimens—Ecuador; 
517 plant specimens—Mexico; 136 
plant specimens—Panama; 388 plant 
specimens—Peru; 337 plant specimens 
—South America. 

FISHER, GEORGE L., Houston, Texas: 
165 plant specimens (gift). 

FLORISTS’ PUBLISHING COMPANY, 
Chicago: 3 plant specimens (gift). 

FOSBERG, DR. F. RAYMOND, Phila- 
delphia, Pennsylvania: 45 specimens of 
Hawaiian plants, 5 algal specimens 
(gift); 575 specimens of mosses and 
algae (exchange). 

FRANZEN, A. J., Chicago: 7 plant 
specimens (gift). 

GAGNEPAIN, DR. FRANCOIS, Paris, 
France: 1 plant specimen (gift). 


GARFIELD PARK CONSERVATORY, 
Chicago: 87 specimens of cultivated 
plants (gift). 

GARRETT, PROFESSOR ARTHUR O., 
Salt Lake City, Utah: 140 specimens of 
Utah plants (gift). 

GENTRY, Howarp Scott, Tucson, 
Arizona: 21 plant specimens (gift). 


GIFFORD, JOHN C., Miami, Florida: 
1 plant specimen (gift). 

GILES, GEORGE H., Wilsonville, Ne- 
braska: 1 algal specimen (gift); 35 
specimens of algae (exchange). 


GRAY HERBARIUM, Cambridge, 
Massachusetts: 100 plant specimens 
| (exchange). 

_ GRONEMANN, CARL F., Elgin, Illinois: 

1 specimen of fungus (gift). 

_ GUARRERA, S. A., Buenos Aires, 

Argentina: 11 specimens of algae (gift). 

_ HALE, Miss EpNA KATE, Hot Springs, 
rkansas: 33 specimens of Arkansas 

plants (gift). 

HARRISON, PROFESSOR B. F., Provo, 
Utah: 16 plant specimens (gift). 
| HATCH, PROFESSOR WINSLOW R., 
Hanover, New Hampshire: 135 speci- 
mens of Costa Rican plants (gift). 

_ Heato, Cuartes A., Chicago: 5 
2conomic specimens (gift). 

HERMANN, Dr. F. J., Washington, 
D.C.: 98 specimens of plants from 
2astern United States (exchange). 


_ HERRERA, Dr. A. L., Mexico City, 
Mexico: 1 plant specimen (gift). 


123 


HEWETSON, WILLIAM T., Freeport, 
Illinois: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

HINCKLEY, L. C., Austin, Texas: 27 
plant specimens (gift). 

HOOGSTRAAL, HARRY, Chicago: 658 
specimens of Mexican plants (gift). 

ILLINOIS STATE MUSEUM, Springfield, 
Illinois: 350 specimens of Illinois plants 
(gift). 

INMAN, DR. ONDESS L., Yellow Springs, 
Ohio: 10 specimens of algae (gift). 

INSTITUTO MIGUEL LILLO, Tucuman, 
Argentina: 4 plant specimens (gift). 

INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER Com- 
PANY, Chicago: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

JARDIM BOTANICO, Rio de Janeiro, 
Brazil: 26 specimens of Brazilian plants 
(gift). 

JARDIM BOTANICO DE BELO Hort- 
ZONTE, Minas Geraes, Brazil: 1,772 
specimens of Brazilian plants (gift). 


JENNINGS, JOHN W., Eureka Springs, 
Arkansas: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

JOHNSON, S. C., AND SON, INC., 
Racine, Wisconsin: 2 specimens of 
vegetable waxes (gift). 

JOHNSTON, DR. JOHN R., Chimal- 
tenango, Guatemala: 80 specimens of 
Guatemalan plants (gift). 

JOLIET PARK CONSERVATORY, Joliet, 
Illinois: 11 specimens of cultivated 
plants (gift). 

KANSAS STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICUL- 
TURE, Manhattan, Kansas: 22 plant 
specimens (gift). 

KENOYER, PROFESSOR LESLIE A., 
Kalamazoo, Michigan: 620 specimens 
of Mexican plants (gift). 

KNOBLOCH, IRVING W., San Juanito, 
Chihuahua, Mexico: 54 specimens of 
Mexican plants (gift). 

KRuUKOFF, Boris A., New York: 36 
plant specimens (gift). 

LEAL, PROFESSOR ADRIAN RUIZ, 
Mendoza, Argentina: 3 plant specimens 
(gift). 

LEES, ARTHUR S., Oak Lawn, Illinois: 
1 plant specimen (gift). 

LESUEUR, HARDE, Austin, Texas: 600 
specimens of Mexican plants (gift). 

LEwis, Mrs. B. B., Guatemala City, 
Guatemala: 19 plant specimens (gift). 

Los ANGELES MUSEUM OF HISTORY, 
SCIENCE AND ART, Department of 
Botany, Los Angeles, California: 333 
specimens of plants from California 
and Mexico (exchange). 


124 Fretp Museum oF NATURAL History—Reports, VOL. 12 


McCart, Wititam L., Denton, 
Texas: 104 specimens of Texas plants 
(gift). 

McINTEER, Dr. B. B., Lexington, 
Kentucky: 11 specimens of algae (gift). 

MARSHALL COLLEGE, Department of 
Botany, Huntington, West Vi = 
100 specimens of West Virginia p 
(exchange). 

MARTINEZ, PROFESSOR MAXIMINO, 
Mexico City, Mexico: 5 plant speci- 
mens (gift). 

Meyer, Proressor Teoporo, Fon- 
tana, Chaco, Argentina: 14 plant speci- 
mens (exchange). 

Mi..e, Rev. Luts, Manabi, Ecuador: 
4 plant specimens (gift). 

MILLs, Miss NELLIE, East Chicago, 
Illinois: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

Missour! BOTANICAL GARDEN, St. 
Louis, Missouri: 643 specimens of 
Panama plants (exchange). 

MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY, De- 
partment of Botany, Missoula, Mon- 
tana: 38 plant pana race (gift); 100 
plant specimens (exchange). 

Montero pA Costa, R. C., Para, 
Brazil: 1 wood specimen, 12 economic 
specimens (gift). 

Moors, Georce, Lebanon, Missouri: 
68 specimens of Missouri plants (gift). 

Museo ARGENTINO DE CIENCIAS 
NATURALES, Buenos Aires, Argentina: 
162 specimens of South American plants 
(exchange). 

Museo DE HISTORIA NATURAL, Mon- 
tevideo, Uruguay: 301 specimens of 
Uruguayan plants (exchange). 

Museo pe. INstituTO pe LA SALLE, 

t4, Colombia: 131 specimens of 
Colombian plants (gift). 

Museo NACIONAL, San José, Costa 
Rica: 192 specimens of Costa Rican 
plants (gift). 

Mustum NATIONAL D'Historre NaTu- 


RELLE (Phan ie), Paris, France: 
7,032 plant specimens, 8 photographic 
prints, 


10 aecnamie specimens 
(exe ). 

NATURHISTORISKA RIKSMUSEET, 
Stockholm, Sweden: 279 specimens of 
plants from Europe and South America, 
202 specimens of algae (exchange). 

NewYork Botanica GARDEN, New 
York: 1,157 specimens of South Amer- 
ican plants, 72 specimens of algae, 22 
photographic prints (exchange). 


New York State Museum, 
New York: 2 plant as mens (ai) 


Pacneco, H. Mariano, G 
City, Guatemala: 2 Et. 
1 economic specimen ). 

PaLMer, C. MeERVIN, Indi 
Indiana: 7 specimens of algae (gift). 

Patrick, Miss Ruts, Phi fr 
Pennsylvania: 13 specimens of 


(gift). 
[iol 1102 specimens ee 
inois: AVe §& i 
States plants, 172 cryptogamic sp 
mens (gift). 
Pfhrez Caprera, Dr. Ricarpo, § 
José, Costa Rica: 1 publicatio 
(exchange). 


ae L. Linp, Eacuintl 
1 mahogany board 


Guatemala: 

PETERSEN, Oscar, St. Louis, Mis 
souri: 5 plant specimens (gift). 
Ponce, Proressor José M., 
City, Mexico: 15 plant specimens (gif 

Prescott, Dr. G. A Albion, Mic 
gan: 31 specimens of algae it). 
Rexo, Dr. Bras P., ~ubat 
Mexico: 1 plant specimen ‘(gift). 
RICHARDS, DONALD, 
cryptogamic specimens (gift). 
ROSENGURTT, PrRoressor E 
Montevideo, Uruguay: 20 plant 
mens (gift). 
Roya Botanic G St 
rey, England: 66 plan Seergee bo 
Peru and Mexico (exchange). 
RUNYON, ROBERT, Browns 
Texas: 25 ari specimens (exc 
RutLepcs, Miss AMA, E 
Maryland: 54 pond of 
(exchange). 
SANDEMAN, C ond 
England: 2 plant specimens 1 ¥ 
Sanps, Mrs. H. B., Chicago: 1 pl 
specimen (gift). 
Savace, Josern, Antioch, 
plant specimen (gift). 
Scueste., Wi.am J. § 
New York: 1 plant specimen 
Scumipt, Kari P., Hom 
nois: 1 plant gee a 
Scuneiper, Ri 
ae 191 ain Mexican 
(gift 
Scott, MILTON, Miami, F 
wood specimens (exchange). 


ACCESSIONS 


SELLA, EMIL, Chicago: 2 specimens of 
algae (gift). 

SERVIGO DE BOTANICA E AGRO- 
NOMIA, Sao Paulo, Brazil: 43 specimens 
of Brazilian plants (gift). 

SHERFF, DR. EARL E., Chicago: 535 
plant specimens, 128 photographic 
negatives, 48 photographic prints (gift). 

SMITH, F. W., Guasave, Sinaloa, 
Mexico: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

SMITH, Dr. F. W. OWEN, Guatalon, 
Guatemala: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

SMITH, PRESTON, Oberlin, Ohio: 52 
specimens of algae (gift). 

SoOUKUP, PROFESSOR J., Puno, Peru: 
229 specimens of Peruvian plants (gift). 

STANDLEY, PAUL C., Chicago: 2 
plant specimens (gift). 

STANTON, E. J., AND SON, INc., Los 
Angeles, California: 1 board of mahog- 
any (gift). 

STEIN, CHARLES, Chicago: 1 plant 
specimen (gift). 

STEYERMARK, Mrs. CoRA SHOOopP, 
Chicago: 146 cryptogamic specimens 
(gift). 
| STEYERMARK, Dr. JULIAN A., Chi- 
cago: 2 plant specimens, 3 cryptogamic 

pecimens (gift). 

STIFFLER, Mrs. CLoyp B., Chicago: 
4 cryptogamic specimens (gift). 

STONE, Miss JESSIE L., Chicago: 1 
lant specimen (gift). 

|_STRICKLAND, J. C., Charlottesville, 
irginia: 184 specimens of algae (ex- 
hange). 

TANDY, GEOFFREY, London, England: 

algal specimen (gift). 

TAYLOR, Dr. WILLIAM R., Ann Arbor, 
ichigan: 14 specimens of algae (gift). 
THompson, H. D., Spokane, Wash- 
gton: 1 plant specimen (gift). 

i TirFANYy, Dr. Lewis H., Evanston, 
linois: 6 specimens of algae (gift). 


_ Toucatoo COLLEGE, Department of 
»otany, Tougaloo, Mississippi: 3 plant 
decimens (gift). 


_TRESSLER, DR. WILLIS L., Buffalo, 
lew York: 4 specimens of algae (gift). 


UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF 

GRICULTURE, Bureau of Plant Indus- 
; Washington, D.C.: 18 plant speci- 

fens (gift); 5 plant specimens (ex- 

pange). 

UNITED States DEPARTMENT OF 

GRICULTURE, Food and Drug Adminis- 


{| 


\ 


\ 
i 


125 


tration, Washington, D.C.: 2 
specimens (gift). 

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM, 
Washington, D.C.: 446 plant speci- 
mens, 739 typed descriptions of new 
species of plants (exchange). 

UNIVERSIDAD DE CONCEPCION, Her- 
barium, Concepcion, Chile: 25 speci- 
mens of Chilean plants (exchange). 

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, Depart- 
ment of Botany, Berkeley, California: 
130 specimens of California plants (ex- 
change). 

UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, Depart- 
ment of Botany, Chicago: 2,145 plant 
specimens, 73 wood specimens (gift). 

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, Depart- 
ment of Botany, Urbana, Illinois: 1 
plant specimen (gift). 

UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, University 
Herbarium, Ann Arbor, Michigan: 765 
plant specimens, 129 specimens of algae 
(exchange). 

UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, 
Department of Botany, Manila, Philip- 
pine Islands: 128 specimens of algae 
(exchange). 

UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS, Department 
of Botany, Austin, Texas: 49 specimens 
of Texas plants (gift). 

UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA, Depart- 
ment of Botany, Charlottesville, Vir- 
ginia: 17 specimens of algae (gift); 288 
specimens of algae (exchange). 

UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN, Depart- 
ment of Botany, Madison, Wisconsin: 
54 specimens of Wisconsin plants (ex- 
change). 

VARGAS G., DR. CESAR, Cuzco, Peru: 
95 specimens of Peruvian plants (gift). 

VELASQUEZ, G. T., Ann Arbor, Michi- 
gan: 45 specimens of algae (gift). 

Voris, DR. RALPH, Springfield, Mis- 
souri: 13 specimens of Missouri plants, 
1 wood specimen (gift). 

VoTH, Dr. PAUL D., Chicago: 7 
specimens of algae (gift). 

WEED, ALFRED C., Chicago: 8 speci- 
mens of Florida plants, 6 cryptogamic 
specimens (gift). 

WELCH, Dr. WINONA H., Greencastle, 
Indiana: 46 specimens of bryophytes 
(exchange). 

WHEELER, GEORGE C., Grand Forks, 
North Dakota: 1 algal specimen (gift). 

WHEELER, Louis C., Columbia, Mis- 
souri: 4 plant specimens (gift). 


plant 


126 Fre.p Museum or NaTuRAL History— Reports, Vou. 12 


Witson, Proressor Car. L., Han- 
over, New Hampshire: 255 apecimens of 
Guatemalan plants (gift). 

Witte Memoria. Museum, San 
Antonio, Texas: 75 plant specimens 
(gift). 

Woutr, Rev. BrotrHer WoLPrGANG, 
St. Bernard, Alabama: 4 plant speci- 
mens (gift). 

Wo Patuir W., Princess Anne, 
Maryland: 5 specimens of algae (gift). 

Woops, Loren P., Chicago: 11 plant 
specimens (gift). 

WortTHINGTon, Dr. H. C., Oak For- 
est, Illinois: 1 plant specimen (gift). 


DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY—ACCESSIONS 


ACKERMAN, CHARLES N., Antioch 
Illinois: vertebra and bones of fore and 
hind on and feet of Cerralees—Grass 
Lake, Illinois (gift). 

Apams, R. J., Chicago: 4 specimens 
of chalk—near Council Groves, Kansas 
(gift). 

AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL 
History, New York: cast of skull and 
jaw of Aleurodon (exchange). 

ARTAMONOFF, MR. AND MRS. 
Georce, Chicago: 1 specimen of sand 
—Cristobal, Canal Zone; 17 specimens 
of volcanic products—Guatemala and 
El Salvador (gift). 

BACHELOR, CLARENCE, ae i 
foasil coral—Charlevoix, Michigan 
(gift). 

Barnes, Vircit E., Austin, Texas: 
2 tektites —Texas (exchange). 

Benke, HERMANN C., Chicago: 1 
quartz crystal— Dubuque, Iowa; 3 
specimens of dolomite—Ontario, 

anada (gift). 

Best, Nouan R., Chicago: 1 box of 
thermoluminescent adularia sand— 
North Carolina; 2 specimens of nephe- 
line—Ontario, Canada (gift). 

Biomstran, W. A., Lyon Mountain, 
New York: 1 specimen of byssolite— 
Lyon Mountain, New York (gift). 

Butier, R. D., Bethlehem, Pennsyl- 
vania: 3 mineral specimens—Pen 
vania (gift). 

Byr.anp, Grorce, Marion, lowa: 1 
hollow hematite concretion—Lane 
County, Iowa (gift). 

Los a 


Carter, A. D., East 
California: 26 mineral specimens—Los 
Angeles County, California (gift). 


Waricut, DR. STILLMAN 
13 specimens of algae my ie 


Yate Unrversity, School of 
estry, New Haven, Connecticut: 1 
spocnens of plants from British H 

(gift). 

YUNCKER, PROFESSOR 
ne Indiana: 2 plant sp 
(gift) 


Zetex, James, Balboa, Canal 
35 specimens of Panama plants ( 


ZIESENHENNE, Rupotr C., 
Barbara, California: 2 plant sp 
(gift). 


CHANGNON, Harry, Chicago: 
invertebrate fossils—various le 
(gift). 

ise ric, 


men of j 
p Be boulders Wiseonal (gift). 


COMPANIA MINERA DE 


Arequipa, Peru: 5 specimens of 
ore-—Cailloma Mine, Batras, 4 
Peru (gift). 


oe Joun 


. 


Covurtuorte, T. E., Retsof, New 
1 specimen of halite—Detroit, 
gan (gift). ; 


DeFoREeST, FRANK, 
Illinois: ‘age hin skull with ‘one | 
near Fort Myers, Florida (gift). 


DeMutu, Grorce W., 


mineral spec ites 
men—vario ey pa (gift). i 
E_prepce, Don, Chicago: 5 in 
brate fosalia- Wissanall (gift). 


ELSINGA, Henry, Lead Hill, / 
sas: 5 ees of rock a i 
Lead Hill, Arkansas (gift). 
Fiei.p, Dr. HENRY , 
tion of minerals and fe 
and Asia (gift). 
Fiewp Museum or NaTURALH 
Transferred from Def 
Anthropology: 1 quartz 
ity unknown. 


Collected by Henry He 
of orbicular diorite (7) Jand 4inve 
fossilse— Wisconsin. 


Collected by B é t 
tebrate fossils— 
Collected by Paul O. Mec 7 
Museum Paleontological E: 


ACCESSIONS 


South Dakota): 13 skulls and 600 bones 
of Pliocene mammals. 

Collected by Bryan Patterson and 
James H. Quinn (Field Museum Paleon- 
tological Expedition to Western Colo- 
rado): 128 specimens of fossil vertebrates 
—Colorado. 

Collected by Dr. Fritz Haas (Field 
Museum Expedition to Florida, 1939): 
4 specimens of coquina and _ shell— 
Sanibel Island, Florida. 


Collected by Leon Walters (Field 
Museum Expedition to Florida, 1939): 
18 invertebrate fossils—Florida. 

Purchases: 10 meteorite specimens, 2 
individual meteorites, 15 moldavites— 
various localities; muffler of car struck 
by Benld meteorite; carapace and plas- 
tron of fossil turtle—Arkansas; 1 fossil 
leaf; 15 negatives and prints of Phoror- 
hacoid bird bones. 

FIELD, STANLEY, Chicago: 5 inverte- 
brate fossils—near Fort Myers, Florida 
(gift). 

Fink, A. F., Chicago: 1 oxyhorn- 
blende crystal—locality unknown (ex- 
change). 

_ FRISON, R. E., Tensleep, Wyoming: 
8 gastroliths—Big Horn Basin, Wyo- 
‘ming (gift). 

| GAINES, RICHARD V., Golden, Colo- 
‘rado: 2 chrysoberyl crystals—Golden, 
\Colorado (exchange). 

GERINGER BROTHERS, Oak Park, 
Illinois: 2 specimens of scheelite— 
(Gwynne Mine, California (gift). 
| GORDON, Miss BERTHA, Porterville, 
California: 14 mineral specimens, 1 gar- 
net crystal—California; 6 photographs 
of Death Valley and vicinity (gift). 
| GRABILL, EDWARD, Chicago: 11 speci- 
mens of rocks—Devil’s Tower, Wyo- 
ming (gift). 

_ GRESKY, BENEDICT, Chicago: 6 speci- 
nens of abrasives (gift). 

E GROESBECK, Dr. M. J., Porterville, 
Jalifornia: 13 geological specimens— 
Nevada and Mono Lake, California 
‘gift). 

_ GUERET, EpMoNnD N., Chicago: 1 
pecimen of rock—Devil’s Tower, Wyo- 
ning (gift). 

|, Harris, T. F., AND WALTER Hoac, 
idda, Arabia: 2 meteorites, 1 silica 
lass specimen—Wabar, Rub’al Khali, 
,rabia (gift). 

_ HERPERS, HENRY, Chicago: 1 speci- 
ten of cross banding in sandstone— 
/oopers Plains, New York (gift). 


a 


127 


HOoPER, FRANK C., North Creek, 
New York: 2 specimens of serendibite 
—Johnsburg, New York (gift). 

HORTON, GRAHAME, Glencullen, 
Oregon: 1 polished natrolite specimen 
—Lane County, Oregon (gift). 

Howe, E. G., Puno, Peru: 4 speci- 
mens of silver ore—San Antonio de 
Esquilache Mine, Puno, Peru (gift). 

HUuBENY, Mrs. M. J., Chicago: 1 
sardonyx boulder—Oregon (gift). 

KNISKERN, MISS KATHERINE &., 
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 
Maryland: 4 mineral specimens—New 
York (gift). 

KOELNAU, Lupwic A., Minneapolis, 
Minnesota: 1 chatoyant quartz speci- 
men—Cayuna Range, Minnesota (gift). 

MARSHALL, BYRON C., Imboden, 
Arkansas: 5 gypsum crystals—Arkan- 
sas (exchange). 

MENZEL, WILLIAM, Chicago: 1 speci- 
men of pyrite with chaleopyrite—San 
Luis Potosi, Mexico (gift). 

MERRILL, CHARLES C., Buhl, Idaho: 
1 chaleedony geode—Buhl, Idaho (gift). 


MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, 
Harvard University, Cambridge, Mas- 
sachusetts: skull of Buwettnaria perfecta 
—New Mexico (exchange). 


MYNneERS, T. F., Mineville, New York: 
2 specimens of martite—Mineville, New 
York (gift). 

NEBRASKA STATE TEACHERS’ COL- 
LEGE, Chadron, Nebraska: collection of 
120 specimens of vertebrate fossils— 
Marshland, Nebraska (exchange). 


NICHOLS, HENRY W., Chicago: 1 fluo- 
rescent opal—Virgin Valley, Nevada 
(gift). 

OKLAHOMA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, 
Norman, Oklahoma: 1 etched slice of 
the Soper meteorite—Soper, Oklahoma 
(exchange). 


PREUCIL, FRANK M.., Joliet, Illinois: 
6 photographs of a meteorite (gift). 


RINEHART, WILLIAM G., Batesville, 
Arkansas: 8 photographs (gift). 

SCHNEIDER, A. J. AND Ray, Port- 
land, Oregon: 8 thunder eggs—Jeffer- 
son County, Oregon (gift). 

SKELLY, JOHN, Milwaukee, Wis- 
consin: 7 specimens of silver-lead-cop- 
per-nickel ore—Sudbury, Ontario (gift). 

SmitH, JAY L., Chester, New York: 
1 specimen of chiolite—Greenland (ex- 
change). 


128 FieELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HistorY—Reports, VOL. 12 


Snyper, Miss ANNE H., Kenosha, 
Wisconsin: 4 invertebrate foasils— 
Racine, Wisconsin (gift). 

STANDARD Ot. Company (Indiana), 
Chicago: 4 specimens of oil products 
(gift). 

STRUCTURAL SLATE COMPANY, Pen 
Argyl. Pennsylvania: 2 specimens of 
fabricated slate—Pen Argyl, Pennsyl- 
vania (gift). 

SULLIVAN, FRED, AND JACK PAIGE, 
po 2 specimens of chert—Mis- 
ri tgift). 


yyy D. P., Mina, Nevada: 1 
specimen of gold-silver-lead-zine ore— 
Mina, Nevada (gift). 

TAYLor, Howe, Lebanon, Syria: 
5 mineral specimens, 3 invertebrate 
fossils—Syria (gift). 

‘TREVETT, Miss ANN, Casper, Wyo- 
ming: 5 specimens of cordierite—Cas- 
per, Wyoming (gift). 

VANDERPOOL, Miss ADA, Quincy, 


Illinois: f t of mastodon tusk— 
Michigan (gift). 

Vintrup, R. J., Chi : 8 mineral 
specimens—Black Hills, South Dakota 


(gift). 
Von DRASEK, FRANK, Cicero, Illinois: 
oe minerals—Hot Springs, Arkansas 

gift). 


DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY—ACCESSIONS 


ANDERSON, SPENCER, Acapulco, Mex- 
ico: 7 insects— Mexico (gift). 

ANonyMous Donor: 35,076 bird- 
skins—various localities (gift). 

ARTAMONOFF, Mrs. Grorce, Chi- 
cago: 1 snake, 11 fishes, 41 insects, 642 
other spinel yesh = or Central 
America and Panama (gift). 

BaGot, FRANK, Miami Beach, Flor- 
ida: 1 beetle—Florida (gift). 

BAKER, Proressor C. L., Memphis, 
Tennessee: 39 fishes—Reel Foot Lake, 
Tennessee (gift). 

BARBER, CHARLES M., Hot Springs, 
Arkansas: 1 — skeleton, 1 mouse, 3 


snakes, 3 toa Arkansas (gift). 

Barp, F. N., H d Park, Illinois: 
; prizaly bear skull—British Columbia 
giit) 


BARTELL, Cart, Blue Island, Illinois: 
1 barn owl—Blue Island, Illinois (gift). 


BARTHMAN, HENRY, Ay Island, 


Florida: 1 tarpon—Usep Island, 
Florida (gift). Paes 


WESTERN Sprui 
Western Springs, | noi: various 
of fossil deer and 


one complete skeleton st ee ts 


skeleton of fossil foh~ Western teal 
Illinois (gift). 

Wiiso0n, Ben Hur, Joliet, Mine 
specimen sa ~—~ Barstow, 
fornia (gift). 


speci 
localities (gift). 
Wotr, Gien C., Chicago: lies 
cretions —Broadview, Montana 
Woops, Loren P., Evanston, Illino 
¢ _— specimens—various ocal 
gift 


Worth, C., Chicago: 2 
specimens — _Fennayivannl : 
of ore—Wisconsin (gift). 


Zerk, Oscar U., Kenosha, W 
sin: 7 polished slices of te—va 
localities (gift); 13 


slices” 

agate, 1 specimen of fossil 9 mm 

agates, 2 rainbow Pieroni 

calities (exchange). 

_ we ems New ¥i 
mineral 


Mi a “eift). 


Bass BIOLOGICAL LABORAT 
Englewood, Florida: 
Florida; 2 sharke—=1 har 
South Carolina (gift). 


BaveR, Miss MARGARET J., 
1 toad, 1° 1 moth—Chicago (gift). 

Bays, JOHN, : 6b 
Cuernavaca, Mexico (gift). 

Beecuer, Wiittam J., Chicago 
small mamma! skins and. . 
County, Tennessee; 28 onal 
skins and skulls—Fox Lake, I 
(gift). 

Benxe, Hermann C., cag 
marine shells—A tlantic coast rif 

BLACKMORE, MICHAEL, London, | 
land: 6 bats in alcohol—B ‘ks 
England (gift). 


Borume, Ropert E. hicag 
assassin bug—Chicago (gift). 


BomBay NATURAL History § 
et ee India: 1 crocodile 


be ne eg 


ACCESSIONS 


BOULTON, RUDYERD, Chicago: 1 star- 
ling—West Nyack, New York; 1 bird— 
Chicago (gift). 

Bowers, Mrs. MABEL, Chicago: 1 
red bat—Chicago (gift). 

Boyp, JOHN, Southern Pines, North 
Carolina: 15 butterflies—Suffolk, Vir- 
ginia (gift). 

Bracc, ARTHUR N., Norman, Okla- 
homa: 3 tree frogs, 4 toads—Cleveland 
County, Oklahoma (gift). 

BripcERsS, Miss R. B., Thomasville, 
Georgia: 1 tarantula with tube web— 
Thomasville, Georgia (gift). 

BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HIs- 
TORY), London, England: 123 small 
mammal skins and _ skulls—various 
localities (exchange). 

Brooks, Major ALLAN, Okanagan 
Landing, British Columbia: 6 birds— 
Canada and South Seas (exchange). 

__ BROWNE, J. C., Chicago: 3 beetles— 
Chicago (gift). 

_ Buck, WARREN, Camden, New Jer- 
‘sey: 7 fishes—Sierra Leone, Africa 
(gift). 

|) BuckKiey, Dr. L. C., Trang, Siam: 
15 bats—Siam (gift). 

BuULLOcK, Dr. DILLMAN S., Angol, 
Chile: 38 rodent skins and skulls, 8 
birds—Chile (exchange); 24 frogs and 


toads, 30 lizards, 10 snakes—Chile 
(gift). 
BurRTON, ROBERT A., Evanston, 


Illinois: 1 weasel—Chicago; 12 sala- 
manders, 1 frog, 2 toads—Massachu- 
setts and New Jersey; 10 frogs, 2 toads, 
3 snakes—Illinois and Indiana (gift). 

' CAMRAS, SYDNEY, Chicago: 2 birds— 
Chicago (gift). 

CARNEGIE MUSEUM, Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania: 1 salamander—Cabell 
County, West Virginia (gift). 

CASCARD, BEN, Chicago: 5 birds— 
Gary, Indiana (gift). 

CHARLESTON MusEuM, Charleston, 
South Carolina: 11 small fishes—South 
Carolina (gift). 
___ CHAworTH-MustTERS, J. L., London, 
) , 15 bats in aleohol—Somerset, 
England (gift). 

| CHICAGO ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY, 
_ Brookfield, Illinois: 32 mammals, 148 
birds, 6 snakes, 2 lizards, 1 alligator, 6 
ticks—various localities (gift). 
bi CONOVER, BOARDMAN, Chicago: 6 

i 
; birds—various localities (gift). 

| 
i 


rds—various localities (exchange); 10 


129 


CoRWIN, Mrs. CHARLES A., Chicago: 
4 paintings of Laysan Island birds (gift). 

Davis, W. B., College Station, Texas: 
1 skunk skin and skull—Texas (ex- 
change). 

DEMAREE, DR. DELZIE, Monticello, 
Arkansas: 8 snakes—Arkansas (gift). 

DopcE, H. R., Columbus, Ohio: 1 
beetle—Minnesota (gift). 

Downs, WILLIAM, Denver, Colorado: 
4 beetles—Denver, Colorado (gift). 

DUBISCH, R., Oswego, Illinois: 1 
snake—Oswego, Illinois (gift). 

DyBAS, HENRY, Chicago: 1 scorpion, 
3 land shells—Colombia (gift). 

EFF, DONALD, Sylvania, 
moth—Sylvania, Ohio (gift). 

FABRICUS, WALTER, Chicago: 1 snake 
—Chicago (gift). 

FALCK, EUGENE G. J., Chicago: 2 
salamanders, 12 toads, 165 frogs, 12 
snakes, 3 lizards, 7 turtles, 815 fresh- 
water mollusks, 57 crayfish, 19 insects 
—Missouri; 13 crayfish, 135 mollusks— 
Lake County, Illinois (gift). 


FIELD, Dr. HENRY, Chicago: 4 shells 
—Philippine Islands; 24 bats in alco- 
hol, 60 fishes, 151 insects and allies, 441 
mollusks—Iraq; 86 fishes, 43 crabs, 100 
shells, 1 sponge—York Harbor, Maine 
(gift). 

FIELD, DR. HENRY AND JOHN LIND- 
SAY, Chicago: 17 insects—Southbor- 
ough, England (gift). 


FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY: 


Collected by Emmet R. Blake (Sewell 
Avery Expedition to British Guiana): 
20 small mammal skins and skulls, 3 
small mammals and 31 bats in alcohol, 
498 bird skins, 2 fledglings in alcohol, 
111 frogs and toads, 10 snakes, 39 
lizards, 752 fishes, 1 bird spider, 1 
scorpion—British Guiana. 


Collected by Emmet R. Blake: 15 
birds—TIllinois. 

Collected by Dr. Fritz Haas and Leon 
L. Walters (Field Museum Expedition 
to Florida): 14 mammal skins and 
skulls, 2 lizards, 2 snakes, 15 turtles, 1 
eel, 6,001 invertebrates. 


Collected by Dr. Wilfred H. Osgood, 
F. W. Gorham, and W. F. Nichols 
(Field Museum Expedition to New 
Mexico): 37 insects and allies—New 
Mexico and Colorado. 

Collected by Bryan Patterson and 
James H. Quinn (Field Museum Paleon- 
tological Expedition to Colorado, 1939): 


Ohio: 1 


130 FireLD MUseUM OF NATURAL History—Reports, VoL. 12 


10 mammal akeletons, 28 bird skeletons, 
103 lizards, 2 snakes, 241 invertebrates 
~— Colorado and Utah. 

Collected by Colin C. Sanborn (Field 
Museum Expedition to Scotland): 1 
bird—Scotland. 

Collected by Colin C. Sanborn, Karl 
P. Schmidt, and John M. Schmidt 
(Field Museum Magellanic Expedition): 
562 mammal skins and skulls, 22 mam- 
mal skeletons, 120 bird skins, 1 bird in 
alcohol, 4 sets of birds’ , 221 mol- 
lusks, 33 crayfish, 52 iso —Peru. 

Collected by Karl P. Schmidt (Field 
Museum Expedition to Arkansas): 109 
insects and allies—Arkansas. 

Collected by Karl P. Schmidt: 45 
tiger salamanders—Chicago. 


Collected by Paul C. Standley 
(Sewell Avery Expedition to Guate- 
mala): 2 beetles—Guatemala. 


Purchases: 6 forest hogs— Africa; 98 
small rodents, 2 bats—Africa; 18 snakes, 
12 lizards, 11 turtles—Arkansas; 35 
bird skins— Bolivia (Emily Crane Chad- 
bourne Fund); 1 ring-tailed cat— 
California; 12 small mammal skins and 
skulls, 10 frogs, 3 snakes—Czechoslo- 
vakia; 419 butterflies and moths— 
Colombia; 85 frogs and toads, 20 
i 5 snakes—Ecuador; 1 whale 
skeleton—Englewood, Florida; 7 small 
mammal skins and skulls—Korea; 73 
bird skins—Panama; 7 mammal skins 
and 8 skulls, 60 bats in alcohol, 2 bird 
skins, 1 fish—-Mexico; 1 jack rabbit— 
Montana; 49 bird skins—Peru; 8& 
snakes—Texas; 170 salamanders, 35 
frogs and toads—various localities; 251 
hawks and owls, 2 other bird skins— 
various localities (Leslie Wheeler Fund). 

Fiecp, Wittiam D., Lawrence, 
Kansas: 2 butterflies—Lawrence, 
Kansas (gift). 

FLEMING, Ropert L., Mussoorie, 
India: 1 bat skin and skull— Mussoorie, 
India (gift). 

FONTANA, HUMBERT, mapas 1 
wa owl— Bensenville, Illinois 

t). 


FRANZEN, ALBERT J., Chicago: 1 
juvenile starling—Chicago (gift). 

FREELAND, Mrs. L., Chicago: 1 
spider—Chicago (gift). 


FRIESSER, JuLIvs, Chicago: 4 mam- 

mal skulls—Arizona (gift). 
GENERAL BIoLocicat Supp.Ly House, 
snakes— Panama; 


. 


Chicago: 2 lizards, 9 . 


1 lot leopard frog eggs; 1 giant earth 
Florida (gift). 

GERHARD, WitutaM J., Chicago: 
scorpions— Nayarit, Mexico (gift). 

GRANT, Mason CHAPMAN, San D 
(anornia: 5 Jamaica r 
gift). 

GRANT, Gorpon, Los Ange e 
fornia: 19 salaman 1 izarc 
Angeles, California (gift). 

GRogspECK, Dr. M. J., Po 
California: 11 flies, 20 fairy shrimp 
Mono Lake, California (gift). 

GRONEMANN, CARL F. 
nois: 8 freshwater shells--ieaasiin 
Illinois (gift). 

GuERET, Epmonp N., Ch 4 
mammal skeletons—New York 

Hacey, H. H., Madison, Wisecc 
1 bird—Madison, Wisconsin (gift). 

HANSON, Haroup C., Chicago: 
small mammal skins and skulls, 2 t 
skins— Decorah, Iowa (gift). 

Hicemns, Haroup, Price, Utah: 
geckos—Samoa (gift). 

Hitt, FrReperick W., Chicago: 
hummingbird skins—Costa Rica (g 

HIRSCHBERG, ERWIN, Chicago: 
beetle—Fremont, Ohio (gift). 

Honcoop, Dr. W. C., Monticel 
Arkansas: 3 
tree frog—-Monticello, Arkansas (g 

HOOGSTRAAL, Harry, C ; 
fish—Santa Engracia, Mexico 

HOOGSTRAAL, HARRY AND PH 
Stone, Champaign, Illinois: 1 al 
spermophile skin and Cha 
paign County, Illinois (gift). 


1 ring-tailed cat—San 
California (gift). 
INsTiITUTO pE La Satie, FB 
Colombia: 4 rodents, 8 bat: : 
(gift). 
Jurnicu, Mrs. Teresa, Chic 
rock dove eggs (gift). 
Kapren, Joun, Chicago: 1 bat 
Chicago (gift). 


ia 


tains, New York (gift). 


Koeuter, W. A., Chicago: 1 
—Chicago (gift). 


ACCESSIONS 


KOERSTEIN, THEODORE, Chicago: 1 
tiger salamander—Wisconsin (gift). 
KURFESS, JOHN, Hinsdale, Illinois: 1 
common shrew—Hinsdale, Illinois; 1 
snake—Kelly, Wyoming (gift). 
KuRFESS, JOHN, AND ROBERT A. 
BurTON, Hinsdale and Evanston, Illi- 
nois: 5 frogs, 1 toad, 5 lizards, 10 snakes, 
5 turtles—Will and Grundy Counties, 
Illinois (gift). 
LAMBERT, DONALD, Zion City, Illi- 
‘nois: 2 parasites—Zion City, Illinois 
(gift). 
| LARRISSEY, GEORGE A., Chicago: 1 
snake—Illinois (gift). 
. LAYBOURNE, MIss PHYLLIS, Home- 


wood, Illinois: 2 snakes—Michigan 
(gift). 
LERNER, MICHAEL, New York: 1 


photograph of same—Cape Breton, 

Nova Scotia; 15 kodachrome slides, 1 

‘roll of processed kodachrome film, 22 

enlarged photographs, views of Mount 
gmont, New Zealand (gift). 

_ LETL, FRANK H., Homewood, Illinois: 

bird, 1 toad—Homewood, Illinois; 1 
uvenile crow— Matteson, Illinois (gift). 

LEvy, SEYMOUR, Chicago: 1 bird— 

lue Island, Illinois (gift). 

_ LIWJEBLAD, EMIL, Chicago: 6 moths 

Chicago (gift). 

LINCOLN PARK Zoo, Chicago: 1 
dult lioness, 1 giant skink, 4 snakes 
gift). 

LINDAU, EDWARD W., Palatine, Illi- 
ois: 1 spider with young—Palatine, 
linois (gift). 

_ LITTLE, JAMzES, Naperville, Illinois: 1 
plamander, 7 frogs and toads, 8 snakes 
—Oconto County, Wisconsin (gift). 

Lix, H. W., Hot Springs, Arkansas: 1 
"Lone Springs, Arkansas (gift). 


= broad-bill swordfish and large 


LOEWENSTAMM, H., Chicago: 127 
md and freshwater shells—Palestine 
zift). 
| LORIMER, ANDREW, Prestonkirk, East 
. Scotland: 1 stoat—Scotland 
wit). 

_ Mari, BRoTHER NICEFORO, Bogota, 
olombia: 24 bat skins with skulls, 22 
td skins—Colombia (gift). 

Mason, Miss N. B., Davenport, 
_ wa: 1 garter snake—Davenport, Iowa 


McELvarE, ROWLAND R., New York: 


= 2 beetles—various localities 


| 
| 


131 


MEINERTZHAGEN, COLONEL RICH- 
ARD, London, England: 4 mammals, 
northern Afghanistan; 14 bird skins— 
Africa and Asia (gift). 


MILLAR, JOHN R., Chicago: 1 bird— 
Chicago; 2 snakes, 2 turtles—Clay 
County, Indiana (gift). 


MILLE, Luis, Bahia de Caraquez, 
Ecuador: 6 sponges and _  corals— 
Ecuador (gift). 


Moonky, E. C., Kingsville, Texas: 2 
lizards, 2 snakes—Kingsville, Texas 
(gift). 

Murpuy, WALTER P., Lake Bluff, 
Illinois: 1 albino chipmunk—New 
Haven, Connecticut (gift). 


MUSEE DE LA PROVINCE, Quebec, 
Canada: 4 bird skins—Canada (ex- 
change). 

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, 
Cambridge, Massachusetts: 24 small 
mammal skins and skulls—Borneo and 
Siam; 1 rat skin and skull—French 
Indo-China; 3 mammal skins and skulls 
—Florida; 21 mammal skins and skulls, 
2 mammals in alcohol, 7 bird skins— 
various localities (exchange). 


NELSON, DR. HAROLD H., Chicago: 63 
bats in aleohol—Egypt (gift). 


NILES, Ray, Lake Geneva, Wiscon- 
sin: 1 large trout skull—Lake Geneva, 
Wisconsin (gift). 

OuIO STATE UNIVERSITY, Columbus, 
Ohio: 101 fishes—Ohio (exchange). 


Oscoop, Dr. WILFRED H., Chicago: 
30 mammal skins and skulls, 1 mammal 
skeleton, 1 bat in alcohol, 2 bird skins 
—Mississippi and Florida (gift). 

OwENS, Davip W., Flossmoor, Illi- 
nois: 2 salamanders, 2 toads, 7 frogs, 1 
snake—Standard City, Illinois (gift). 


PATTERSON, BRYAN, Chicago: 35 
mollusks—Illinois and Indiana (gift). 


PATTERSON, MRS. BRYAN, Chicago: 1 
hog-nosed snake—Augusta, Illinois 
(gift). 

PuILBy, H. St. JOHN, Jidda, Arabia: 
3 hedgehogs and 12 bats in alcohol, 
6 toads, 36 lizards, 7 snakes—Arabia 
(gift). 

PLATH, Karu, Chicago: 1 Guiana 
parrot—British Guiana (gift). 

Rasoot, Hasis, Buxton, British 
Guiana: 69 bird skins—British Guiana 
(gift). 

RIBNIKER, MARTIN, 
birds—Illinois (gift). 


Chicago: 12 


132 Fre.p MuseuM OF NATURAL History-——-Reports, VOL. 12 


Rinker, G. Hamilton, Kansas: 
61 small Bede. akins and skulls— 
Kansas (exchange). 

Rittscuor, Frep, Urbana, Illinois: 
1 lizard—Urbana, Illinois (gift). 


Ropertson, R. R., Chicago: 1 platy- 
pus skin (gift). 

Rueckert, Artuur G., Chicago: | 
scarlet king snake—Hardy County, 
Florida (gift). 


SaNpers, Mrs. Rut, Dallas, Texas: 
2 butterflies— Mexico (gift). 


SANDERSON, CLARK, Chicago: 6 sow- 
bugs—Chicago (gift). 

Scumipt, Joun M., Homewood, 
Illinois: 3 bats in alcohol, 6 scorpions, 7 

pe ene Apes and Arkansas; 29 rodent 

ns and sku ulls, 8 toads, 13 frogs 17 
pram ey 14 turtles—South 
Dakota and Nebraska; 4 4 garter snakes 
—Homewood, Illinois; 1 mammal skin 
and skull, 1 amphisbaena—Florida 
(gift). 

Scumipt, Karu P., Homewood, Illi- 


nois: 19 beetles Homewood, Illinois 
(gift). 

Scuwas Brot Muscatine, lowa: 
7 birds—various localities (gift). 


SHEDD AQUARIUM, JOHN G., Chicago: 
2 giant salamanders, 1 turtle, 76 fishes 
—various localities (gift). 


SIGISMUND OF PRUSSIA, PRINCESS, 
Estacion Barranca, Costa Rica: 4 
centipedes, 4 insects—Costa Rica (gift). 


Stack, Patrick, York Harbor, 
an 9 insects—York Harbor, Maine 
t 


STANFORD UNIVERSITY NATURAL 
History Museum, Stanford University, 
California: 2 rodent skins and skulle— 
Galapagos Islands (exchange). 


STEYERMARK, Dr. JuntIaAN A., Chi- 
cago: 1 mole, 1 bird, 1 frog, 5 snakes— 
Missouri (gift). 


Str Dr. H. F., Gambier, 
Ohio: 12 beetles—various it 
(gift). 

Taywor, Dr. os Lawrence, 
Kansas: 1,563 izards— Mexico (ex- 
change). 

Texas Co-operative Witp Lire 
Researcu Unit, College Station, Texas: 
1 salamander, 1 snake, 1 turtle—Texas 
(exchange) 


Turner, Dr. C. L., Evanston, I 
nois: 87 tadpoles— Panama (gift). 


UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MUSE 
or mig ye Ann Arbor, “h 


’ Gua 
tralia (exchange). 


Vatrer, ALeert, Glenview, 
1 wasp nest—Deerfield, Tllinots gi 


Von per Heyort, James A., AND 
ALLEN, Oak Park, Illinois: bay ire 
toads— Hayward, Wisconsin (gift). 


Watton, Mrs. C 
Park, Illinois: 1 bird—High 
apse (gift). 


Warner, Bryce, Chicago: 1 bir 
Chicago (gift). 

Weep, ALFrrep C oa 1 me 
skin and skeleton, 1 fr snakes, 2, 
fishes, 18 eet ia alee 215 crm 
butterfly—Chicago (gift). 

Wetp, Dr. Lewis H., East 
Church, Virginia: 34 
and the United States (gift). 

Wenze., Rupert L., 
hention <n localities (gift). 

Werier, Joun, Seaside, C 
garter snakes—Seaside 


Witson, Mrs. Grace N., C 
beetle—Chicago (gift). 


Wotcott, ALperT B., 
Grove, Illinois: 20 insect 
(gift). 


OODCOCK, 
butterflies and moths— 
ties (gift). 


Woops, Loren P., tl 
2 bats in alcohol, 6 tolpolanil 
snakes, 


ACCESSIONS 


133 


RAYMOND FOUNDATION—ACCESSIONS 


CHICAGO SLIDE COMPANY: 1 black 
and white slide of a Huon Gulf coconut 
shell cup (exchange). 


FIELD, Dr. Henry: 5 large colored 
transparencies: Egypt (gift). 


FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY: 
From Division of Photography: 1,513 
lantern slides. 


MILLAR, JOHN R.: 15 colored slides 
on ‘Preparation of Exhibits’’ (gift). 


DIVISION OF PHOTOGRAPHY—ACCESSIONS 


FIELD MUSEUM oF NATURAL HISTORY: 


Made by Division of Photography: 
5,915 prints, 1,448 negatives, 1,625 
lantern slides, 101 enlargements, 12 
large transparencies, 20 transparent 
labels, and 18 rolls of film developed. 


Made by Bryan Patterson: 63 nega- 
tives of general views in Colorado. 


FISHER, Mrs. ANN, ESTATE OF, Mill- 
brook, New York: 388 negatives of racial 
types and general views in Iraq (gift). 

PARKER, R. B., Megiddo, Palestine: 
700 portrait negatives of natives of 
Palestine (gift). 

PEARSON, HAROLD E., Chicago: 21 


negatives of general views in Colorado 
(gift). 


LIBRARY—ACCESSIONS 
List of Donors of Books 
INSTITUTIONS 


Adult Education Council, Chicago. 
Americana Corporation, New York. 


Biblioteca Publica, Toluca, Mexico. 


British Guiana Museum, Georgetown, 
British Guiana. 


Carnegie Institution, Washington, D.C. 


Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, 
Solomon’s Island, Maryland. 


Chicago Park District, Chicago. 
Chicago Recreation Commission, 

Chicago. 

Chicago Recreation Survey, Chicago. 
Ciba Symposia, Summit, New Jersey. 

_Colorado Museum, Boulder, Colorado. 
Columbia Broadcasting System, 

_ Chicago. 

_ Cooper Union for the Advancement of 

_ Science and Art, New York. 

| Crerar Library, John, Chicago. 


_ Denoyer-Geppert Company, Chicago. 


_ Department of Conservation, Nashville, 
Tennessee. 


_ Geffrye Museum, London, England. 

_ General Biological Supply House, 
_ Chicago. 

Geographical and Historical Society, 
_ Guatemala City, Guatemala. 


Glycerine Producers Association, 
Chicago. 


Golden Gate International Exposition, 
San Francisco, California. 


Guatemala Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 
Guatemala City, Guatemala. 


Hallwyloka Museet, Stockholm, Sweden. 


Imprimerio Mission Catholique, Bel- 
gian Congo, Africa. 

Institut Francais de 1’Afrique Noire, 
Dakar, Senegal. 

Institute for Research, Chicago. 


Instituto Cubano de Estabilizacion del 
Café, Habana, Cuba. 


Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, 
Japan. 
Josselyn Botanical 


Society, 
Maine. 


Orono, 


Lakeside Press Galleries, Chicago. 
Luton Museum, Luton, England. 


Ministerio de Fomento Estacion Ex- 
perimental Agricola, Lima, Peru. 

Missouri Resources Museum, Jefferson 
City, Missouri. 

Missouri Valley Fauna, Lincoln, Ne- 
braska. 

Musée Ethnographique (Htnografski 
Musej), Zagreb, Jugoslavia. 

Museum van Naturlijke Historie, Rot- 
terdam, Netherlands. 


134 Fre.p Museum oF NaTurAL History—Reports, VOL. 12 


National Sia of Manufacturers, 
New Yo 

New York Horticultural Society, New 
York. 

New York World's Fair—Portugal 
World’s Fair Committee, New York. 


P and Company, L. C., Boston, 
assachusetts. 
Pan-American Society of Tropical Re- 
search, New Orleans, Louisiana. 
Parks and Recreation, Rockford, Illinois. 


Quarrie Corporation, Chicago. 
Queen Victoria Museum 4 Art Gal- 
lery, Launceston, Australia 


Save the Redwoods League, Berkeley, 
California. 

Service News Recreation, Chicago. 

South Africa—Department of Native 
Affairs, Pretoria, Union of South 
Africa. 

Staatliche Museum, Berlin, Germany. 


INDIVIDUALS 


Abbott, Dr. C. E., Searcy, Arkansas. 
Aldis, Graham, Chicago. 


Backer, C. A., Heemstede, Netherlands. 

Bahr, A. V., Surrey, England. 

Ball, Stanley C., New Haven, Connecti- 
cut. 


Bascom, William R., Evanston, Illinois. 

Bassett, Professor Norman C., Madison, 
Wisconsin. 

Benke, H. C., Chicago. 

Blair, W. Frank, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 

Bordas, Alejandro F., Buenos Aires, 
Argentina. 

Bourret, René, Hanoi, Tonkin. 

Brady, Professor Thomas A., Columbia, 
Missouri. 

Brammanis, I., Riga, Latvia. 

Brooks, Maurice G., Morgantown, West 
Virginia. 

Bucher, Walter H., Cincinnati, Ohio. 


Cabot, Thomas D., Boston, Massa- 
chusetts. 

Caso, Dr. Alfonso, Mexico City, Mexico. 

Clay, William M., Louisville, Kentucky. 

Coleman, Edith. 


et 2 R. A., Hamilton, Ontario, 


Stechert and Company, G. E., Ni 
York. 

es of Public Instructic 
pringfield, Illinois. 


Swift and Company, Chicago. 


Texas Memorial Museum, Aust 
Texas. 
Tokyo N 


a) (To 
cultural University), res 


United Brewers Industrial Fou 
New York. 


United States ong of Interic 
Bureau of Mines, Washington, D.C 
United States Steel News, Pittsburgh 
Pennsylvania. 


West Australian Naturalist’s C 
Perth, Australia. 


Westinghouse Electric —— cturin 
Company, Pittsburgh, P 


Works Progress Administration, 
eral Projects, Chicago. 


Cornell, Miss Margaret M., 


Dallwig, Paul G., Chicago. 

Davis, D. Dwight, Chicago. 

Devincenzi, Garibaldi J., Mont 
Uruguay. 


Dieseldorff, Erwin P., Guatemala C 
Guatemala. 


Emberger, Louis, Montpellier, n 
Emerson, Dr. Alfred E., Chicago. 
Ennis, Miss Margaret, Chicago. 


Fairchild, Dr. Herman L., Roches 
New York. 


Field, Dr. Henry, Chicago. 
Field, Stanley, Lake Forest, Ilinoi 


Fort Hunter Museum, E 
Pennsylvania. 

Fosberg, F. R., Philadelphia, F 
vania. 


Garkowski, Mathias, Chicago. 

Gaskin, L. J. P., London, Engla 
Gerhard, Peter, Winnetka, Illine 
Gerhard, W. J., Chicago. 
Gregg, Clifford C., Flossmoor, I 


Haas, Dr. Fritz, Chicago. 


ACCESSIONS 


Hack, John T., Cambridge, Massa- 
chusetts. 


Hambly, Dr. Wilfrid D., Chicago. 
Hermanson, Miss Helen, Chicago. 
Herrera, Dr. Fortunato L., Lima, Peru. 
Hicks, Lawrence E., Columbus, Ohio. 


Hungerford, Dr. H. B., Lawrence, 
Kansas. 


Ikéuchi, Professor H., Tokyo, Japan. 
Isely, P. B., Waxahachie, Texas. 


Johnson, E. R. Fenimore, Camden, 
New York. 


Kelso, L., Washington, D.C. 


Keyes, Charles R., Mount Vernon, 
Iowa. 


Krogman, Wilton M., Cleveland, Ohio. 


| Lagercrantz, S., Stockholm, Sweden. 
_Leason, P. A., Victoria, Australia. 
_Leussler, R. A., Omaha, Nebraska. 
Lewis, Dr. Albert B., Chicago. 
Lion, Mme. L., Paris, France. 

Loo, C. T., New York. 

‘Lundell, C. L., Ann Arbor, Michigan. 


Macbride, J. Francis, Chicago. 
McConnell, Burt M., New York. 


McMahon, William E., Fort Worth, 
| Texas. 


‘Martin, Dr. Paul S., Chicago. 

Mather, Bryant, Chicago. 

‘May, Louis Philippe, Paris, France. 
Moldenke, Harold N., New York. 
aoe Dr. Sylvanus G., Washington, 


Moyer, John W., Chicago. 
Murray-Aaron, Dr. Eugene, Chicago. 


Nichols, Henry W., Chicago. 


Olalla, A. M., Sao Paulo, Brazil. 


Omer-Cooper, Joseph, Grahamstown, 
Cape Colony, South Africa. 


Osgood, Dr. Wilfred H., Chicago. 
Overbeck, H. 


Parsons, C., Chicago. 


Pérez Cabrera, Dr. Ricardo, San José, 
_ Costa Rica. 


helps, William H. 
| orsild, A. N., Ottawa, Canada. 
oulter, Thomas C., Chicago. 


I 


1 


135 


Rehder, Alfred, Jamaica Plains, Massa- 
chusetts. 


Riggs, Elmer S., Chicago. 
Royo, Dr. Fernando, Santa Clara, Cuba. 
Ruiz Leal, A., Mendoza, Argentina. 


Ryan, Sister Mary Hilaire, River Forest, 
Illinois. 


Sanborn, Colin Campbell, Chicago. 


Sanderson, Milton W., Fayetteville, 
Arkansas. 


Sarkar, Dr. Benoy Kumar, Calcutta, 
India. 


Schmidt, Karl P., Chicago. 


Schoute, Professor J. C., Groningen, 
Netherlands. 


Serrano, Professor Antonio, 
Argentina. 


Sherff, Dr. E. E., Chicago. 


Shimer, Dr. Hervey W., Cambridge, 
Massachusetts. 


Slater, J. R., Tacoma, Washington. 
Smith, Harold Vincent, New York. 


Smith, Hobart M., Pittsburgh, Penn- 
sylvania. 


Smith, Lyman Bradford, Cambridge, 
Massachusetts. 


Spinden, Dr. Herbert J., New York. 
Standley, Paul C., Chicago. 


Stearn, William Thomas, London, Eng- 
land. 


Stillwell, Jerry E., Dallas, Texas. 
Stirton, R. A., Berkeley, California. 
Stromer, Dr. Ernst. 


Teilhard de Chardin, 
China. 


Teixeira de Fonseca, Enrico, Rio de 
Janeiro, Brazil. 


Thomson, Stewart C., Chicago. 
Munich, 


Parana, 


P., Nanking, 


Uthmoller, 
Germany. 


Wolfgang, 


Vail, R. W. G., Worcester, Massa- 
chusetts. 

Vaillant, George C., New York. 

Van Epps, Percy M., Amsterdam, New 
York. 

Vanderpool, Ada, Quincy, Illinois. 

Varga, H. E., Cleveland, Ohio. 

Vargas, Luis, Mexico City, Mexico. 

Vestal, Paul A., Cambridge, Massa- 
chusetts. 


Vetlesen, Mrs. Georg, New York. 


136 Freup Museum or Naturat History—Reports, Vou. 12 


Walker, Dr. James W., Chicago. Wolcott, A. B., Chicago. 
Wallace, Geo J., Boston, Massa- Wolffhiigel, Dr. Kurt, 
— Puerto, Chile. 
Wenzel, Rupert L., Chicago. Wrigley, J. Brent, Tulsa, 
Whitsett, R. B., Jr., Logansport, Indi- Wyatt, K., Chicago. 
ana 
Wilbur, C. Martin, Chicago. Young, C. C., Nanking, China. 
Wilbur, H. A., New York. Z . Robert M , Denver, 
Williams, Llewelyn, Chicago. =e : 3 


ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION 


STATE OF ILLINOIS 
DEPARTMENT OF STATE 
WILLIAM H. HINRICHSEN, Secretary of State 


To ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, GREETING: 


Whereas, a Certificate duly signed and acknowledged having been filed in the 
office of the Secretary of State, on the 16th day of September, A.D. 1893, for the 
organization of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO, under and in aec- 
cordance with the provisions of ““An Act Concerning Corporations,” approved 
April 18, 1872, and in force July 1, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof, a copy 
of which certificate is hereto attached. 

Now, therefore, I, William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State of the State of 
Illinois, by virtue of the powers and duties vested in me by law, do hereby certify 
that the said COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO is a legally organized 
Corporation under the laws of this State. 
' In Testimony Whereof, I hereto set my hand and cause to be affixed the 
Great Seal of State. Done at the City of Springfield, this 16th day of September, 
in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety-three, and of the 
Independence of the United States the one hundred and eighteenth. 


| W. H. HINRICHSEN, 
[SEAL] Secretary of State. 
i 

TO HON. WILLIAM H. HINRICHSEN, 


SECRETARY OF STATE: 

SIR: 
We, the undersigned citizens of the United States, propose to form a cor- 
‘poration under an act of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, entitled 
“An Act Concerning Corporations,” approved April 18, 1872, and all acts 
amendatory thereof; and that for the purposes of such organization we hereby 
state as follows, to-wit: 
1. The name of such corporation is the “COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF 
CHICAGO.” 
j 2. The object for which it is formed is for the accumulation and dis- 
‘semination of knowledge, and the preservation and exhibition of objects illus- 
trating Art, Archaeology, Science and History. 

3. The management of the aforesaid museum shall be vested in a Board of 
FIFTEEN (15) TRUSTEES, five of whom are to be elected every year. 
4. The following named persons are hereby selected as the Trustees for the 
first year of its corporate existence: 
| Edward E. Ayer, Charles B. Farwell, George E. Adams, George R. Davis, 
Charles L. Hutchinson, Daniel H. Burnham, John A. Roche, M. C. Bullock, 
Emil G. Hirsch, James W. Ellsworth, Allison V. Armour, O. F. Aldis, Edwin 
. Walker, John C. Black and Frank W. Gunsaulus. 
j 5. The location of the Museum is in the City of Chicago, County of Cook, 
and State of Illinois. 


(Signed) 


George E. Adams, C. B. Farwell, Sidney C. Eastman, F. W. Putnam, Robert 
“McCurdy, Andrew Peterson, L. J. Gage, Charles L. Hutchinson, Ebenezer 
Buckingham, Andrew McNally, Edward E. Ayer, John M. Clark, Herman H. 
Kohlsaat, George Schneider, Henry H. Getty, William R. Harper, Franklin H. 
Head, E. G. Keith, J. Irving Pearce, Azel F. Hatch, Henry Wade Rogers, 


137 


138 Fre.p Museum or Naturat History— Reports, Vou. 12 


Thomas B. Bryan, L. Z. Leiter, A. C. Bartlett, A. A. S A. C. 
James W. Scott, Geo. F. Bissell, John R. Walsh, Chas. 
Roche, E. Mec fon F. Ald Ferdinand W 
Joseph Stockton, ward B. Butler, John McConnell, 
Chatfield-Taylor, A. ee Wm. Sooy Smith, P. 8S. 
Black, _ Mitchell F. ‘Gunther, George R. Da 
Robert W. Patterson Cr Cc. Bullock, Edwin bhi 
William E Curtis, James W. Ellsworth, William E. Hale 
Martin Ryerson, Huntington W. Jackson, N. Ream, Vil 
Melville *. Stone, Bryan Lathrop, Eliphalet W. Blatchford. Philip T dD. A 


State or ILuinois 
aa. 


Coox County 


I, G. R. Mitcnets, a Notary Pustic in and for said County, do 
certify that the foregoing pe _ rsonally appeared before me 
acknowledged severally that t foregoing petition as their fal 
voluntary act for the uses and eurposes eater set forth. 


Given under my hand and notarial seal this 14th day of September, 


G. R. MITCHELL, 
{Sea} Notary Pusiic, Cook County, I 


CHANGE OF NAME 


Ha ge satya) cong hyp waged gr may 
the 25th of June the name of the COLUMBIAN MUSEOM 
changed to FIELD COLUMBIAN i MUSEUM. A certificate to this effect wi 
filed June 26, 1894, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. 


CHANGE OF NAME 


Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the 
the Sth day of November, 1905, the name of the FI 
MUSEUM was changed to FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL STO. 
A certificate to this effect was filed November 10, 1905, in the office of the Seer 
of State for Illinois. 


CHANGE IN ARTICLE 3 


Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the members 

the 10th day een nae LD MUSEUM OF NATUI 
be invested in a ‘TY-ONE (21) 

ptt wy yf Fj and of office as 

provided for wa. filed Ma: 

920, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois. 


AMENDED BY-LAWS 


DECEMBER, 1939 


ARTICLE I 


MEMBERS 


SEcTION 1. Members shall be of twelve classes, Corporate Members, Hon- 
orary Members, Patrons, Corresponding Members, Benefactors, Contributors, 
Life Members, Non-Resident Life Members, Associate Members, Non-Resident 
Associate Members, Sustaining Members, and Annual Members. 


SECTION 2. The Corporate Members shall consist of the persons named in 
the articles of incorporation, and of such other persons as shall be chosen from 
time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, upon the recom- 
mendation of the Executive Committee; provided, that such person named in 
the articles of incorporation shall, within ninety days from the adoption of these 
By-Laws, and persons hereafter chosen as Corporate Members shall, within 
ninety days of their election, pay into the treasury the sum of Twenty Dollars 
($20.00) or more. Corporate Members becoming Life Members, Patrons or 
Honorary Members shall be exempt from dues. Annual meetings of said Corporate 
Members shall be held at the same place and on the same day that the annual 
meeting of the Board of Trustees is held. 


SECTION 3. Honorary Members shall be chosen by the Board from among 
persons who have rendered eminent service to science, and only upon unanimous 
nomination of the Executive Committee. They shall be exempt from all dues. 


SECTION 4. Patrons shall be chosen by the Board upon recommendation of 
the Executive Committee from among persons who have rendered eminent ser- 
vice to the Museum. They shall be exempt from all dues, and, by virtue of their 
election as Patrons, shall also be Corporate Members. 


SecTIon 5. Any person contributing or devising the sum of One Hundred 
Thousand Dollars ($100,000.00) in cash, or securities, or property to the funds 
of the Museum, may be elected a Benefactor of the Museum. 


SECTION 6. Corresponding Members shall be chosen by the Board from among 
scientists or patrons of science residing in foreign countries, who render important 
service to the Museum. They shall be elected by the Board of Trustees at any 
of its meetings. They shall be exempt from all dues and shall enjoy all courtesies 
of the Museum. 


SECTION 7. Any person contributing to the Museum One Thousand Dollars 
($1,000.00) or more in cash, securities, or material, may be elected a Contributor 
of the Museum. Contributors shall be exempt from all dues and shall enjoy 
all courtesies of the Museum. 


SECTION 8. Any person paying into the treasury the sum of Five Hundred 
Dollars ($500.00), at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board, 
become a Life Member. Life Members shall be exempt from all dues, and shall 
enjoy all the privileges and courtesies of the Museum that are accorded to mem- 
bers of the Board of Trustees. Any person residing fifty miles or more from 
the city of Chicago, paying into the treasury the sum of One Hundred Dollars 
($100.00) at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board, become 
a Non-Resident Life Member. Non-Resident Life Members shall be exempt 
from all dues, and shall enjoy all the privileges and courtesies of the Museum that 
are accorded to members of the Board of Trustees. 


SECTION 9. Any person paying into the treasury of the Museum the sum of 
One Hundred Dollars ($100.00), at any one time, shall, upon the vote of the Board, 
become an Associate Member. Associate Members shall be exempt from all dues, 
and shall be entitled to tickets admitting Member and members of family, includ- 
ing non-resident home guests; all publications of the Museum issued during the 
period of their membership, if so desired; reserved seats for all lectures and enter- 


139 


140 Fre.p Museum or NaTuRAL History—Reports, VoL. 12 


tainments under the auspices of the Museum, provided reservation is requeste 
advance; and admission of holder of membership and accompanying party ] 
special exhibits and Museum functions day or wf berm oh Any person ding 
miles or more from the city of Chicago, paying into treasury the sum ¢ 
Dollars ($50.00) at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the E 
become a Non-Resident Associate Member. Non-Resident Associate 
shall be exempt from all dues, and shall ag Fa all Nee privileges and ¢ 
of the Museum that are accorded to Associat 

Section 10. Sustaining Members shall consist are such persons as 
from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, , one 
shall pay an annual fee of Twenty-five Dollars $25. 00), payable within ¢ 
days after notice of election and within thirty days after each recurring a nn 
date. This peer me - Membership entitles the member to free adm 
the Member and family to the Museum on any day, the Annual Report and 
other Museum documents or publications issued uring the of their 
bership as may be requested in writing. When a Sustaining Member has paid | 
annual fee of $25.00 for six years, such Member shall be entitled to beee 
Associate Member. 

Section 11. Annual Members shall consist of such persons as are 
from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its 
shall pay an annual fee of Ten Dollars ($10.00), payable within thirty ¢ 
each recurring annual date. An Annual Maniacs ip shall entitle the J 
to a card of admission for the Member and family during all 
Museum is open to the public, and free admission for the Member and { 
to all Museum lectures or entertainments. This membership will also 
the holder to the courtesies of the membership privileges of every Mu 
note in the United States and Canada, so long as the ot eerie te r 
interchange of membership tickets shall be maintained, including tickets s for | 
lectures given under the auspices of any of the Museums during a visit to the ¢ 
in which the co-operative museums are located. 

SECTION o All membership fees, excepting Sustaining and Ana . 


hereafter be applied to a t Membership Endowment Fund, the 
enly of whieh o | be applied for the use of the useum as the Board of 


ARTICLE II 
BOARD OF TRUSTEES 
Suction 1. The Board of Trustees shall consist of twenty-one 


respective members of the Board now in office, and those who shall h 
elected, _ hold office during life. bbe yen ora in the Be 


and 

Five Trustees shal! nee 2 Gaara, except for the election of officers of 

seeped Fp Budget, when seven Trustees shall be 

ings may be adjourned by any leas number from day to day, oto. 

previous to the next regular meeting. 
Section 3. Reasonable written notice, designating the time and 5 

holding meetings, shall be given by the Secretary. 


ARTICLE Ill 
HONORARY TRUSTEES 


AMENDED By-LAws 141 


whether regular or special, and will be expected to be present at all such meetings 
and participate in the deliberations thereof, but an Honorary Trustee shall not 
have the right to vote. 


ARTICLE IV 
OFFICERS 


SECTION 1. The officers shall be a President, a First Vice-President, a 
Second Vice-President, a Third Vice-President, a Secretary, an Assistant Secretary 
and a Treasurer. They shall be chosen by ballot by the Board of Trustees, a 
majority of those present and voting being necessary to elect. The President, 
the First Vice-President, the Second Vice-President, and the Third Vice-Presi- 
dent shall be chosen from among the members of the Board of Trustees. The 
meeting for the election of officers shall be held on the third Monday of January 
of each year, and shall be called the Annual Meeting. 


SECTION 2. The officers shall hold office for one year, or until their suc- 
cessors are elected and qualified, but any officer may be removed at any regular 
meeting of the Board of Trustees by a vote of two-thirds of all the members of 
the Board. Vacancies in any office may be filled by the Board at any meeting. 


SECTION 3. The officers shall perform such duties as ordinarily appertain 
to their respective offices, and such as shall be prescribed by the By-Laws, or 
designated from time to time by the Board of Trustees. 


ARTICLE V 
THE TREASURER 


SECTION 1. The Treasurer shall be custodian of the funds of the Corpo- 
ration except as hereinafter provided. He shall make disbursements only upon 
warrants drawn by the Director and countersigned by the President. In the 
absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman 
of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may 
= countersigned by one of the Vice-Presidents, or any member of the Finance 

ommittee. 


SECTION 2. The securities and muniments of title belonging to the cor- 
poration shall be placed in the custody of some Trust Company of Chicago to 
be designated by the Board of Trustees, which Trust Company shall collect 
the income and principal of said securities as the same become due, and pay 
same to the Treasurer, except as hereinafter provided. Said Trust Company 
shall allow access to and deliver any or all securities or muniments of title to the 
joint order of the following officers, namely: the President or one of the Vice- 
Presidents, jointly with the Chairman, or one of the Vice-Chairmen, of the Finance 
Committee of the Museum. 

SECTION 3. The Treasurer shall give bond in such amount, and with such 
sureties as shall be approved by the Board of Trustees. 

SECTION 4. The Harris Trust & Savings Bank of Chicago shall be Cus- 
todian of ‘““The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum’’ fund. 
The bank shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director 
and countersigned by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director, 
warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the 
absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice- 
Presidents, or any member of the Finance Committee. 


ARTICLE VI 
THE DIRECTOR 


SECTION 1. The Board of Trustees shall elect a Director of the Museum, 
who shall remain in office until his successor shall be elected. He shall have im- 
mediate charge and supervision of the Museum, and shall control the operations 
of the Institution, subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees and its Com- 
mittees. The Director shall be the official medium of communication between the 
Board, or its Committees, and the scientific staff and maintenance force. 


SECTION 2. There shall be four scientific Departments of the Museum— 
Anthropology, Botany, Geology,and Zoology; each under the charge of a Chief 


142 Fre.p Museum or NaturaL History— Reports, VoL. 12 


Curator, subject to the authority of the Director. The Chief Curators 
appointed by the Board u the recommendation of the Director, and shall 
during the pleasure of the . Subordinate staff officers in the scientific D pa 
ments shall be appointed and removed by the Director ah pomr at 
of the Chief Curators of the reapective Departments. Director shall hi 
authority to employ and remove all other employees of the Museum. q 

Section 3. The Director shall make report to the Board at each 
meeting, recounting the operations of the Museum for the 
the Annual Meeting, the Director shall make an Annual 
work for the previous year, which Annual Report shal! be published in pa 
form for the information of the Trustees and Members, and for free d 
in such number as the Board may direct. 


ARTICLE VII 
THE AUDITOR 


Section 1. The Board shall appoint an Auditor, who shall hold his of 
during the re of the Board. He shall keep proper books of accoun 
forth the financial condition and transactions of the Corporation, of 
Museum, and re thereon at each regular meeting, and at such other t 
may be required by the Board. He shall certify to the correctness of all b 
rendered for the expenditure of the money of the Corporation. 


ARTICLE VIII 
COMMITTEES : 

Section 1. There shall be five Committees, as follows: Finance, Bui 
Auditing, Pension, and Executive. 

Section 2. The Finance Committee shall consist of six 
Auditing and Pension Committees shall each consist of three 
Building Committee shall consist of five members. All members f 
Committees shall be elected by ballot by the Board at the Annual Meeting, 

1 hold office for one year, and until their successors are and qu: 
fied. In electing the members of these Committees, the Board shall ¢ 
the Chairman and Vice-Chairman by the order in which the members | 
named in the respective Committee; the first member named shall be C 
man, the second named the Vice-Chairman, and the third named, Second 
Chairman, succession to the Chairmanship being in this order in the event ol 
absence or disability of the Chairman. 


Board, the Chairman of the Finance Committee, the Chairman of the Buil 
Committee, the Chairman of the Auditing Committee, the Chairman 

Pension Committee, and three other mem of the Board to be ot 
ballot at the Annual Meeting. 


Section 4. Four members shall constitute a quorum of the Executive Ce 
mittee, and in all standing Committees two members shall constitute a ¢ 
In the event that. owing to the —— or inability of members, a que 


Chairman is herein 
summon any members of the Board of Trustees to act in place of the 


Saetion 5. The Finance Committee shall have supervision of investing 
endowment and other permanent funds of the C ration, and the care of s 


real estate as may become its y. It shall have authority to invest, « 
and reinvest funds, subject to approval of the Board. a 4 

Saction 6. The ee Committee shall have su of the c 
struction, reconstruction, extension of any and buildings used 


Museum purposes. 
Saction 7. The Executive Committee shall be called together from 
So da ee thoes anirman may consider necessary, or a8 he may Be ques 


consideration R 
the Board of Trustees. It shall, before the beginnil 


AMENDED By-LAWS 143 


each fiscal year, prepare and submit to the Board an itemized Budget, setting 
forth the probable receipts from all sources for the ensuing year, and make 
recommendations as to the expenditures which should be made for routine 
maintenance and fixed charges. Upon the adoption of the Budget by the 
Board, the expenditures stated are authorized. 


SECTION 8. The Auditing Committee shall have supervision over all ac- 
counting and bookkeeping, and full control of the financial records. It shall 
cause the same, once each year, or oftener, to be examined by an expert indi- 
vidual or firm, and shall transmit the report of such expert individual or firm 
to the Board at the next ensuing regular meeting after such examination shall 
have taken place. 


SECTION 9. The Pension Committee shall determine by such means and 
processes as shall be established by the Board of Trustees to whom and in what 
amount the Pension Fund shall be distributed. These determinations or findings 
shall be subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees. 


SECTION 10. The Chairman of each Committee shall report the acts and 
proceedings thereof at the next ensuing regular meeting of the Board. 


SECTION 11. The President shall be ex-officio a member of all Committees 
and Chairman of the Executive Committee. Vacancies occurring in any Com- 
mittee may be filled by ballot at any regular meeting of the Board. 


ARTICLE IX 
NOMINATING COMMITTEE 


SECTION 1. At the November meeting of the Board each year, a Nomi- 
nating Committee of three shall be chosen by lot. Said Committee shall make 
nominations for membership of the Finance Committee, the Building Commit- 
tee, the Auditing Committee, and the Pension Committee, and for three mem- 
bers of the Executive Committee, from among the Trustees, to be submitted 
at the ensuing December meeting and voted upon at the following Annual 
Meeting in January. 


ARTICLE X 


SECTION 1. Whenever the word ‘“Museum” is employed in the By-Laws of 
the Corporation, it shall be taken to mean the building in which the Museum 
as an Institution is located and operated, the material exhibited, the material in 
study collections, or in storage, furniture, fixtures, cases, tools, records, books, 
and all appurtenances of the Institution and the workings, researches, installa- 
tions, expenditures, field work, laboratories, library, publications, lecture courses, 
and all scientific and maintenance activities. 
| SECTION 2. These By-Laws may be amended at any regular meeting of the 
Board of Trustees by a two-thirds vote of all the members present, provided 
the amendment shall have been proposed at a preceding regular meeting. 


- 


BEQUESTS 


Bequests to Field Museum of Natural History may be m 
securities, money, books or collections. They may, if ¢ 
the form of a memorial to a person or cause, to be namec 
giver. For those desirous of making bequests to Aaa 
following form is suggested: 
FORM OF BEQUEST 


I do hereby give and bequeath to Field Museum of Ni 
History of the City of Chicago, State of Illinois, 4 


FOUNDER 
Marshall Field* 


BENEFACTORS 


Those who have contributed $100,000 or more to the Museum 


Ayer, Edward E.* 


Buckingham, Miss 
Kate S.* 


Crane, Cornelius 
rane, R. T., Jr.* 


Field, Joseph N.* 
Field, Marshall 
Field, Stanley 


Graham, Ernest R.* 
* DECEASED 


Harris, Albert W. 
Harris, Norman W.* 
Higinbotham, Harlow N.* 
Kelley, William V.* 
Pullman, George M.* 


Rawson, Frederick H.* 
Raymond, 


Mrs. Anna 


Louise 


Raymond, James Nelson* 
Ryerson, Martin A.* 
Ryerson, Mrs. 

Martin A.* 


Simpson, James* 

Smith, Mrs. Frances 
Gaylord* 

Smith, George T.* 

Sturges, Mrs. Mary D.* 

Suarez, Mrs. Diego 


HONORARY MEMBERS 


Those who have rendered eminent service to Science 


Cutting, C. Suydam 


Field, Marshall 
Field, Stanley 


Harris, Albert W. 


Crane, Charles R. 


Ludwig, H. R. H. Gustaf 
Adolf, Crown Prince of 
Sweden 

McCormick, Stanley 

Roosevelt, Kermit 


DECEASED, 1939 


PATRONS 


Roosevelt, Theodore 
Sargent, Homer E. 
Sprague, Albert A. 
Suarez, Mrs. Diego 


Vernay, Arthur S. 


Simpson, James 


Those who have rendered eminent service to the Museum 


Armour, Allison V. 
Chadbourne, Mrs. Emily 


rane 

Chancellor, Philip M. 

Cherrie, George K. 

Collins, Alfred M. 

Conover, Boardman 

Cummings, Mrs. 
Robert F. 

Cutting, C. Suydam 


Day, Lee Garnett 


Ellsworth, Duncan S. 
Field, Mrs. Stanley 
Hancock, G. Allan 


Kennedy, Vernon Shaw 
Knight, Charles R. 


Moore, Mrs. William H. 
Probst, Edward 
145 


Roosevelt, Kermit 
Roosevelt, Theodore 


Sargent, Homer E. 
Straus, Mrs. Oscar 
Strawn, Silas H. 

Suarez, Mrs. Diego 


Vernay, Arthur 8. 


Wegeforth, Dr. Harry M. 
White, Harold A. 


146 Fretp Museum oF NaTturaAL History—Reports, VOL. 120 


CORRESPONDING MEMBERS 
Scientiata or patrona of acience, residing in foreign countries, who have 


eminent service fo the Museum 
Breuil, Abbé Henri Hochreutiner, Dr. B. P.  Keissler, Dr. Karl 
Christensen, Dr. Carl Humbert, Professor K Professor Sir 
Diels, Dr. Ludwig Henri ur 


CONTRIBUTORS 


Those who hare contributed $1,000 to $100,000 to the Museum 
in money or materials 


$75,000 to $100,000 Everard, R. T.* 


Chancellor, Philip M. Gunsaulus, Dr. F. W.* 
Insull, Samuel* 
capitis dancin Laufer, Dr. Berthold* 
Keep, Chauncey* Lufkin, Wallace W. 
Rosenwald, Mra. McCormick, Cyrus 
Augusta N.* (Estate) 


McCormick, Stanley 
Mitchell, John J.* 


$25,000 to $50,000 yi 
Adams, Mra. Edith Robb, Mrs. George W. 

Almy Rockefeller Foundation, 
Blackstone, Mrs. The 

Timothy B.* Sergent, Homer E. 
Coata, John* Chavis’ He: 
Crane, Charles R. Straus, Mrs. Occar 
Field, Mrs. Stanley Strong, Walter A.* 
Jones, Arthur B.* Wrigley, William, Jr.* 
Murphy, Walter P. 
Porter, G pe f $5,000 to ee 
Rosenwald, Julius* Adama, Milward 

can Friends 
Vernay, Arthur S. China 
White, Harold A. Avery, Sewell L. 
Bartlett, lead 
10. fo Bishop, te 

aes seiceahauen Borland, Mra. Sone Jay* 
Armour, Allison V. 
Armour, P. D.* Crane, R. T.* 


‘zi gadameionaed Doane, J. W.* 
William J.* Field, Dr. H 

Conover, e Fuller, William A.* 

Cutting, C. Suydam Graves, George Coe, II* 

* Decmastp 


CORPORATE MEMBERS—LIFE MEMBERS 


Crocker, Templeton 
Cummings, Mrs. 
Robert F. 


Doering, O. C. 


Graves, Henry, Jr. 
Gunsaulus, Miss Helen 


Hibbard, W. G.* 
Higginson, Mrs. 

Charles M.* 
Hill, James J.* 
Hixon, Frank P.* 
Hoffman, Miss Malvina 
Hughes, Thomas S. 


Jackson, Huntington W.* 
James, S. L 
* DECEASED 


Lee Ling Yiin 
Lerner, Michael 
Look, Alfred A. 


Mandel, Fred L., Jr. 
Manierre, George* 
Martin, Alfred T.* 
McCormick, Cyrus H.* 
McCormick, Mrs. Cyrus* 
Mitchell, Clarence B. 


Ogden, Mrs. Frances E.* 
Osgood, Dr. Wilfred H. 


Palmer, Potter 

Patten, Henry J. 

Prentice, Mrs. 
Clarence C. 


147 


Rauchfuss, Charles F. 
Raymond, Charles E.* 
Reynolds, Earle H. 
Rumely, William N.* 


Schwab, Martin C. 
Shaw, William W. 
Sherff, Dr. Earl E. 
Smith, Byron L.* 

Sprague, Albert A. 


Thompson, E. H.* 
Thorne, Mrs. Louise E. 


VanValzah, Dr. Robert 
VonFrantzius, Fritz* 


Wheeler, Leslie* 
Willis, L. M. 


CORPORATE MEMBERS 


Armour, Allison V. 
Armour, Lester 
Avery, Sewell L. 


Blair, William 
McCormick 
Block, Leopold E. 
Borden, John 
Byram, Harry E. 


Chadbourne, Mrs. Emily 
Crane 
Chancellor, Philip M. 
Chatfield-Taylor, H. C. 
Cherrie, George K. 
Collins, Alfred M. 
Conover, Boardman 
Cummings, Mrs. 
Robert F. 
Cummings, Walter J. 
Cutting, C. Suydam 


Day, Lee Garnett 
Dick, Albert B., Jr. 


Ellsworth, Duncan 8. 


Field, Joseph N. 
Field, Marshall 
Field, Stanley 
Field, Mrs. Stanley 


Hancock, G. Allan 
Harris, Albert W. 


Insull, Samuel, Jr. 


Kennedy, Vernon Shaw 
Knight, Charles R. 


McCulloch, Charles A. 
Mitchell, William H. 
Moore, Mrs. William H. 


DECEASED, 1939 
Simpson, James 


LIFE MEMBERS 


Probst, Edward 


Richardson, George A. 
Roosevelt, Kermit 
Roosevelt, Theodore 


Sargent, Fred W. 
Sargent, Homer E. 
Smith, Solomon A. 
Sprague, Albert A. 
Straus, Mrs. Oscar 
Strawn, Silas H. 
Suarez, Mrs. Diego 


Vernay, Arthur S. 


Wegeforth, Dr. Harry M. 
Wetten, Albert H. 
White, Harold A. 
Wilson, John P. 


Those who have contributed $500 to the Museum 


Abbott, John Jay 
Abbott, Robert S. 
Adler, Max 
Allerton, Robert H. 
Ames, James C. 
Armour, Allison V. 
our, A. Watson 
Armour, Lester 
Armour, Mrs. Ogden 


Asher, Louis E. 
Avery, Sewell L. 


Babson, Henry B. 
Bacon, Edward 


Richardson, Jr. 


Banks, Alexander F. 
Barnhart, Miss Gracia 


M. F 


Barrett, Mrs. A. D. 
Barrett, Robert L. 
Bartlett, Miss Florence 
Dibell 
Baur, Mrs. Jacob 
Bendix, Vincent 
Bensabott, R. 
Bermingham, Edward J. 
Blaine, Mrs. Emmons 


148 Fre.p Museum or NaturaL History—Reports, VoL. 12 


Apr 
ey 


Drake, John B. 
Durand, Scott S. 


Edmunds, Philip S. 
Ely, a Morse 
patein, Max 
Everitt, George B. 
Ewing, Charles Hull 


Farnum, Henry W. 


Farr, Newton Camp 
Farr, Miss Shi 


Gary, Mrs. John W. 
Gilbert, Huntly H. 
Glore, Charles F. 


Albert W. 


Hutchins, James C. 


Insull, Martin J. 
Insull, Samuel, Jr. 


Jarnagin, William N. 


Payson, George S. 
Peabody, Stuyvesant 
Pick, Albert 
Pike, Charles B. 
Pike, Eugene R. 
Poppenhusen, Conrad H. 
Porter, Gilbert E. 
Prentice, Mrs. 

Clarence C. 


Raymond, Mrs. Anna 
Louise 
Reynolds, Arthur 
Reynolds, Earle H. 
Reynolds, George M. 
Riley, Harrison B. 
Rinaldo, Mrs. Philip S. 
Robinson, Theodore W. 
Robson, Miss Alice 
Rodman, Mrs. Katherine 
Field 
Rodman, Thomas Clifford 
Rosenwald, William 
Russell, Edmund A. 
Russell, Edward P. 
Ryerson, Edward L., Jr. 


Block, Emanuel J. 


Cowles, Alfred 
Crane, Charles R. 


LIFE MEMBERS 


Sargent, Fred W. 
Schweppe, Charles H. 
Seott, Harold N. 
Seabury, Charles W. 
Shaffer, John C. 
Shirk, Joseph H. 
Simpson, William B. 
Smith, Alexander 
Smith, Solomon A. 
Spalding, Keith 
Spalding, Vaughan C. 
Sprague, Albert A. 


Sprague, Mrs. Albert A. 


Stern, Mrs. Alfred K. 
Stewart, Robert W. 
Stirton, Robert C. 
Storey, W. B. 
Strawn, Silas H. 
Stuart, Harry L. 
Stuart, John 
Stuart, R. Douglas 
Sturges, George 
Sunny, B. E. 

Swift, Charles H. 
Swift, G. F., Jr. 
Swift, Harold H. 


DECEASED, 1939 
Drake, Tracy C. 
McLennan, Hugh 
Scott, George E. 


149 


Thorne, Charles H. 
Thorne, Robert J. 
Tree, Ronald L. F. 
Tyson, Russell 


Uihlein, Edgar J. 
Underwood, Morgan P. 


Valentine, Louis L. 
Veatch, George L. 


Wanner, Harry C. 
Ward, P. C. 

Welch, Mrs. Edwin P. 
Welling, John P. 
Whitney, Mrs. Julia L. 
Wickwire, Mrs. Edward L. 
Wieboldt, William A. 
Willard, Alonzo J. 
Willits, Ward W. 
Wilson, John P. 
Wilson, Thomas FE. 
Winston, Garrard B. 
Winter, Wallace C. 
Woolley, Clarence M. 
Wrigley, Philip K. 


Yates, David M. 


Simpson, James 
Viles, Lawrence M. 
Weber, David 


NON-RESIDENT LIFE MEMBERS 


Those, residing fifty miles or more from the city of Chicago, who have 


Clas, Miss Mary Louise 
Coolidge, Harold 

J5 abe 
Copley, Ira Cliff 


Ellis, Ralph 


contributed $100 to the Museum 


Gregg, John Wyatt 
Hearne, Knox 

Johnson, Herbert F., Jr. 
Rosenwald, Lessing J. 


Siebel, Emil A. 

Stephens, W. C. 

Stern, Mrs. 
Edgar B. 


Vernay, Arthur S. 


150 Fretp Museum or NATURAL History—Reports, VOL. 12 


ASSOCIATE MEMBERS 
Those who have contributed $100 to the M 


. 8. H. 


A Mra. Samuel 
ae, William C. 


A LE 
Alford, Mra. Laura T. C. 
_— Mra. Fred 


Armstrong, Mra. Julian 


Asher ond M. 
hurst larold Ss. 
Atkinson, Charles T. 
Atwater, Walter Hul 
Aurelius. Mrs. Marcus A. 
Austin, E. F. 

Austin, Henry W. 

A v ery, George P fi 


Babb, W. E. 

Bachmann, Mrs. 
Harrold A. 

Bacon, Dr. Alfons R. 

Baer, Mervin K. 


nn, Otto W. 
Ral nh, Lou 
Ball 


SPE 
255 
of 


LHe 
al 


Billow, Elmer Ellsworth 
Billow, Miss Virginia 
Bird, Miss Frances 
Birk, Miss Amelia 

Birk, Edward J. 

Birk, Frank J. 
Birkenstein, George 
Bischoff, Dr. Fred 
Bishop, Howard P. 


Bishop, Mrs. Martha V. 


Bistor, James E. 
Bittel, Mrs. Frank J. 
Bixby, Edward Randall 
Blackburn, Oliver A. 
Blackman, Nathan L. 
Blair, Mrs. M. Barbour 
Blair, William 
McCormick 
Blair, Wolcott 
Blake, Tiffany 
Blatchford, Carter 
Blatchford, Dr. Frank 
Wicks 
Blayney, Thomas C. 
Blessing, Dr. Robert 
Blish, Sylvester 
Block, Joseph L. 
Block, Philip D., Jr. 
Blome, Rudolph S8. 
Bloom, Mrs. Leopold 
Bloss, Mrs. Sidney M. 
Blum, David 
Blum, Harry H. 
Blunt, J. E., Jr. 
Bluthardt, Edwin 
Boal, Ayres 
Boberg, Niels 
Boericke, Mrs. Anna 
Boettcher, Arthur H. 
Bohasseck, Charles 
Bolten, Paul H. 
Bondy, Berthold 
Boomer, Dr. Paul C. 
Boone, Arthur 
Booth, Alfred V. 
Booth, George E. 
Borg, George W. 
Borland, Mrs. Bruce 
Borwell, Robert C. 
Bosch, Charles 
Bosch, Mrs. Henry 
Both, William C. 
Botts, Graeme G. 
Bousa, Dr. Bohuslav 
Bowen, Mrs. Louise 
DeKoven 
Bowes, William R. 
Bowey, Mrs. Charles F. 
Bowman, Johnston A. 
Boyack, Harry 
Boyd, Mrs. T. Kenneth 


ASSOCIATE MEMBERS 


Boyden, Miss Ellen 
Webb 

Boyden, Miss Rosalie 
Sturges 

Boynton, A. J. 

Boynton, Frederick P. 

Brach, Mrs. F. V. 

Bradley, Mrs. A. Ballard 

Bradley, Charles E. 

Bradley, Mrs. Natalie 
Blair Higinbotham 

Brainerd, Mrs. Arthur T. 

Bramble, Delhi G. C. 

Brand, Mrs. Maude G. 

Brand, Mrs. Rudolf 

Brandes, A. G. 

Brandt, Charles H. 

Bransfield, John J. 

Brauer, Mrs. Paul 

cee cee Professor 


Bremer, Harry A. 
Bremner, Mrs. David 


by die. 
Brendecke, Miss June 
Brennan, Mrs. George E. 
Brennemann, Dr. Joseph 
Brennwasser, S. M. 
Brenza, Miss Mary 
Brewer, Mrs. Angeline L. 
Breyer, Mrs. Theodor 
Bridges, Arnold 

Briggs, Mrs. Gertrude 
Bristol, James T. 

Brock, A. J. 

Brodribb, Lawrence C. 
Broome, Thornhill 
Brown, A. Wilder 
Brown, Benjamin R. 
Brown, Christy 

Brown, Mrs. Everett C. 
Brown, John T. 

Brown, Dr. Joshua M. 
Brown, Mark A. 

Brown, Scott 

Brucker, Dr. Edward A. 
Bruckner, William T. 
Brugman, John J. 
Brundage, Avery 
Brunswick, Larry 

leyequraie, dj. 12 

Bryant, John J., Jr. 
Buck, Guy R. 

Buck, Mrs. Lillian B. 
Buck, Nelson Leroy 
Buckley, Mrs. Warren 
Bucklin, Mrs. Vail R. 
Budlong, Joseph J. 
Buehler, Mrs. Carl 
Buehler, H. L. 

Buettner, Walter J. 


151 


Buffington, Mrs. 
Margaret A. 
Buhmann, Gilbert G. 
Bullock, Mrs. James E. 
Bunge, Mrs. Albert J. 
Bunte, Mrs. Theodore W. 
Burbott, E. W. 
Burdick, Mrs. Alfred S. 
Burgess, Charles F. 
Burgmeier, John M. 
Burgstreser, Newton 
Burgweger, Mrs. Meta 
Dewes 
Burke, Mrs. Lawrence N. 
Burke, Webster H. 
Burkholder, Dr. J. F. 
Burley, Mrs. Clarence A. 
Burnham, Mrs. Edward 
Burnham, Frederic 
Burns, Mrs. Randall W. 
Burrows, Mrs. W. F. 
Burry, Mrs. William 
Burry, William, Jr. 
Burtch, Almon 
Burton, Mrs. Ernest D. 
Bush, Mrs. Lionel E. 
Bush, Mrs. William H. 
Butler, Burridge D. 
Butler, Mrs. Hermon B. 
Butler, J. Fred 
Butler, John M. 
Butler, Paul 
Butz, Herbert R. 
Butz, Robert O. 
Butz, Theodore C. 
Butzow, Mrs. Robert C. 
Byfield, Dr. Albert H. 
Byrne, Miss Margaret H. 


Cable, J. Elmer 
Cahn, Dr. Alvin R. 
Cahn, Bertram J. 
Cahn, Morton D. 
Caine, John F. 
Caldwell, C. D. 
Callender, Mrs. 
Joseph E. 
Calmeyn, Frank B. 
Cameron, Dr. Dan U. 
Cameron, Will J. 
Camp, Mrs. Arthur 


Royce 
Campbell, Delwin M. 
Campbell, Herbert J. 
Canby, Caleb H., Jr. 
Capes, Lawrence R. 
Capps, Dr. Joseph A. 
Carlin, Leo J. 
Carlson, Mrs. Arthur W. 
Carney, William Roy 
Caron, O. J 
Carpenter, Mrs.Benjamin 


152 Fre.p Museum or NaturaL History—Reports, Vou. 12 


Carpenter, Frederic Ives Coleman, Clarence L., Jr. 
Carpenter, Mra.GeorgeA. Coleman, Dr. George H. 


Carpenter, George Coleman, Lori 

Sturges Colianni, Paul V. 
Carpenter, Hubbard Collins, Beryl B. 
Carpenter, Miss Rosalie Collison, E. K. 

Sturges Colvin, Miss Catharine 
Carpenter, W. W. S. Colvin, Miss Jessie 
Carqueville, Mra. A. Colvin, Mra. William H. 
Carr, Mrs. Clyde M. Colwell, Clyde C. 
Carroll, John A. Compton, Mrs. 
Carry, J Cc. Arthur H. 
Carter, Mrs. Armistead B. Compton, D. M 
Carton, Alfred T. Compton, Frank E 
Cary, Dr — Condon, Mrs. James G 

»Mrs. William Conger, Miss Cornelia 
Connell, P. G. 
Cassels, H. Conners, rg! 
Castle, Alfred C. Connor, Mrs. Clara A. 
Castru Giuseppe Connor, Frank H. 
Cates, Du Cook, Miss Alice B. 
Cernoch, Frank Cook, Mrs. David S. 
Chandler, H P. Cook, Jonathan Miller 
Chapin, Henry tent Cooke, Charles E. 
Chapin, William Arthur Cooke, Miss Flora 
Arthur E Cooke, Leslie L. 


Chapman, ‘ 

Chappell, Mrs.CharlesH. Coolidge, Miss Alice 
ey, OF tS: ea > yoy 
Cherry, ter L., Jr. ge, Ur. 

Ch Mra. C. ba, J a 


Coonley, John Stuart 

Chinnock, Mrs. Ronald J. Coonley, Prentiss L. 
ea D. Cooper, Samuel 

Chislett, Miss Kate FE. Cc . David 

Chritton, George A. Corbett, Mra. William J. 

Churan, Charles A. Cornell, Dr. Edward L. 

Clark, Ainsworth W. Cosford, Thomas H. 


J 
Clark, Mra. Ed 8. Cox, James C 
Clark, Edwin H. ‘ox, Mra. Renase W 
Clark, Lincoln R. Cox, William D 
Clark, Dr. Peter S. Cragg, Mra. George L. 
Clarke, er baal a a a 
Clarke, Harley rego, Mrs. Dominica 
Clay, John Crerar, Mra. John 
Clemen, Dr. Rudolf A Crilly, 
Cleveland, Paul W. Cromer, Clarence E 
Clinch, oe L. Cromwell, Miss Juliette 
Clough rz Af Cubbine’ Dr. Willen E 
. - u ns, - 
Clow, Mrs. Harry B. y. 
Cock: a ad coca noe Tag 
ran ngs, Mrs. 
Coffin, Fred Y.3 Mark a 
Cohen, George . Cummings, rs. 
Cohen, Mra. L. Lewis Frances S. 


Denman, Mrs. Burt J. 
Dennehy, Thomas C. 
Dennis, Charles H. 


DesIsles, Mrs. Carrie L. 


Deutsch, Mrs. Percy L. 
DeVries, David 
DeVries, Peter 
Dick, Edison 
Dick, Elmer J. 
Dick, Mrs. Homer T. 
Dickey, Roy 
Dickinson, F. R. 
Dickinson, Robert B. 
Dickinson, Mrs. 

Thompson 
Diehl, Harry L. 
Diestel, Mrs. Herman 
Dikeman, Aaron Butler 
Dimick, Miss Elizabeth 
Dixon, Alan C 
Dixon, William Warren 
Doctor, Isidor 
Dodge, Mrs. Paul C. 
Doering, Mrs. 

Edmund J., Jr. 
Doering, Otto C. 
Doerr, William P., Sr. 
Doetsch, Miss Anna 
Dole, Arthur 
Dolese, Mrs. John 
Donker, Mrs. William 


Donlon, Mrs. Stephen E. 


Donnelley, Gaylord 
Donnelley, Mrs. H. P. 
Donnelley, Miss Naomi 
Donnelly, Frank 
Donohue, Edgar T. 
Douglas, James H., Jr. 
Douglass, Kingman 
Drake, Lyman M. 
Drummond, James J. 


Dryden, Mrs. George B. 


Dubbs, C. P. 
Dudley, Laurence H. 
Dugan, Alphonso G. 
Dulany, George W., Jr. 
Dulsky, Mrs. Samuel 
Dunbaugh, Harry J. 
Duncan, Albert G. 
Duner, Dr. Clarence S. 
Duner, Joseph A. 
Dunham, John H. 
Dunham, Miss Lucy 
Belle 
Dunham, Robert J. 
Dunlop, Mrs. Simpson 
Dunn, Samuel O. 
Dupee, Mrs. F. Kennett 
Durbin, Fletcher M. 


Easterberg, C. J. 


Eastman, Mrs. George H. 


ASSOCIATE MEMBERS 


Ebeling, Frederic O. 
Eckhart, Mrs. B. A. 
Eckhart, Percy B. 
Eckstein, Mrs. Louis 
Eddy, George A. 

Eddy, Thomas H. 
Edwards, Miss Edith E. 
Edwards, Kenneth P. 
Egan, William B. 
Egloff, Dr. Gustav 
Ehrman, Edwin H. 
Eichengreen, Edmund K. 
Eisendrath, Edwin W. 
EKisendrath, Miss Elsa B. 
Eisendrath, Robert M. 
Eisendrath, William B. 
Eisenschiml, Mrs. Otto 
Eisenstaedt, Harry 
Eisenstein, Sol 

Eitel, Max 

Elenbogen, Herman 
Elich, Robert William 
Ellbogen, Albert L. 
Ellbogen, Miss Celia 
Elliott, Frank R. 

Ellis, Howard 

Elting, Howard 

Emery, Edward W. 
Engberg, Miss Ruth M. 
Engel, E. J. 

Engstrom, Harold 
Erdmann, Mrs. C. Pardee 
Erickson, Donovan Y. 
Ericson, Mrs. Chester F. 
Ericsson, Clarence 
Ericsson, Dewey A. 
Ericsson, Henry 
Ericsson, Walter H. 
Ernst, Mrs. Leo 
Erskine, Albert DeWolf 
Etten, Henry C. 
Eustice, Alfred L. 
Evans, Miss Anna B. 
Evans, Mrs. David 
Evans, David J. 

Evans, Eliot H. 

Evans, Evan A. 

Ewell, C. D. 

Ewen, William R. T. 


Fabian, Francis G. 
Fabry, Herman 

Fackt, Mrs. George P. 
Fader, A. L. 

Faget, James E. 
Faherty, Roger 
Fahrenwald, Frank A. 
Faithorn, Walter E. 
Falk, Miss Amy 
Farnham, Mrs. Harry J. 
Farrell, Mrs. B. J. 
Faulkner, Charles J., Jr. 


153 


Faulkner, Miss Elizabeth 
Faurot, Henry 
Faurot, Henry, Jr. 
Fay, Miss Agnes M. 
Fecke, Mrs. Frank J. 
Feigenheimer, Herman 
Feiwell, Morris E. 
Felix, Benjamin B. 
Fellows, William K. 
Felsenthal, Edward 
George 
Feltman, Charles H. 
Fergus, Robert C. 
Fernald, Robert W. 
Ferry, Mrs. Frank F. 
Fetcher, Edwin S. 
Fetzer, Wade 
Fies, Mrs. E. E. 
Filek, August 
Findlay, Mrs. Roderick 
Fineman, Oscar 
Finley, Max H. 
Finnerud, Dr. Clark W. 
Fischel, Frederic A. 
Fish, Mrs. Isaac 
Fishbein, Dr. Morris 
Fisher, Mrs. Edward 
Metcalf 
Fisher, Harry M. 
Fitzpatrick, Mrs. John A. 
Flavin, Edwin F. 
Fleming, Mrs. Joseph B. 
Flesch, Eugene W. P. 
Flexner, Washington 
Flood, Walter H. 
Florsheim, Harold M. 
Florsheim, Irving S. 
Florsheim, Mrs. 
Milton S. 
Flosdorf, Mrs. G. E. 
Foley, Rev. William M. 
Follansbee, Mitchell D. 
Folonie, Mrs. Robert J. 
Folsom, Mrs. Richard 8S. 
Foote, Peter 
Forch, Mrs. John L., Jr. 
Foreman, Mrs. Alfred K. 
Foreman, Mrs. E. G. 
Foreman, Edwin G., Jr. 
Foreman, Mrs. Gerhard 
Foreman, Harold E. 
Forgan, James B., Jr. 
Forgan, Mrs. J. Russell 
Forgan, Robert D. 
Forman, Charles 
Forrester, Mrs. W. W. 
Forstall, James J. 
Fortune, Miss Joanna 
Foster, Mrs. Charles K. 
Foster, Volney 
Fowler, Miss Elizabeth 
Fox, Charles E. 


154 FreLD Museum or Natura. History—Reports, Vou. 12 — 


Frenier, . 
Freudenthal, G. S. 
Frey, Charles Daniel 
e Pg J. 

n r 
Friedlander 


, Jacob 
Friedlich, Mra. Herbert 


Pome 
"Charles 


Gately, Ralph M. 
Gates, Mra. L. F. 
Gawne, Miss Clara V. 


ir ae 


iD 
i 


“a5 
Sz 


i 


ne 


Getzoff, E. B. 
Gibbs, Dr. John Phillip 
Gibson, Dr. Stanley 
Gielow, Walter C. 
Gifford, Mrs. 

Frederi 


ck C. 
Gilbert, Miss Clara C. 
Gilchrist, Mrs. John F. 
Gilchrist, Mrs. William 
Albert 


Giles, Carl C. 

Giles, Mra. Guy H. 
Gillette, Mrs. Ellen D. 
Morris 


Ginther, a Minnie C. 
Girard nna 
ce og Mrs. G. W. 
Glasgow, H. A. 
Glasner, Rudolph W. 
n, Paul M. 

, Charles F. 
Goehst, "Mrs. John Henry 
Goes, Mrs. Arthur A. 
Golden 


K. 
Goodman, ee F. 


Goodman, William E. 

Goodwin, Clarence 
Norton 

Goodwin, George S. 


Gurley, Miss Helen K. 
Gwinn, William R. 


Haas, Maurice 
Hadley, Mrs. Edwin M. 
Hagen, Mrs. Daise 
Hagen, Fred J. 
Hagens, Dr. Garrett J. 
Hagner, Fred L. 
Haight, George I. 
Hair, T. R. 
Hajicek, Rudolph F. 
Haldeman, Walter S. 
Hale, Mrs. Samuel 
Hale, William B. 
Hall, David W. 
Hall, Edward B. 
Hall, Mrs. J. B. 
Hallmann, August F. 
Halimann, Herman F. 
Halperin, Aaron 
Hamill, Charles H. 
Hamill, Mrs. Ernest A. 
Hamill, Robert W. 
Hamlin, Paul D. 
Hamm, Fred B. 
Hammerschmidt, Mrs. 

George F. 
Hammitt, Miss 

Frances M. 
Hammond, Thomas S. 
Hand, George W. 
Hanley, Henry L. 
Hann, J. Roberts 
Hansen, Mrs. Carl 
Hansen, Jacob W. 
Harder, John H. 
Hardie, George F. 
Hardin, John H. 
Harding, Charles 

ne Jr. 
Harding, John Cowden 
Harding, Richard T. 
Hardinge, Franklin 
Harker, H. L. 
Harms, Van Deursen 
Harper, Alfred C. 
Harris, Mrs. Abraham 
Harris, David J. 
Harris, Gordon L. 
Harris, Hayden B. 
Hart, Mrs. Herbert L. 
Hart, William M. 
Hartmann, A. O. 
Hartshorn, Kenneth L. 
Hartwig, Otto J. 
Hartz, W. Homer 
Harvey, Hillman H. 
Harvey, Richard M. 
Harwood, Thomas W. 
Haskell, Mrs. George E. 
Haugan, Oscar H. 


ASSOCIATE MEMBERS 


Havens, Samuel M. 
Hay, Mrs. William 
Sherman 
Hayes, Charles M. 
Hayes, Harold C. 
Hayes, Miss Mary E. 
Haynie, Miss Rachel W. 
Hays, Mrs. Arthur A. 
Hayslett, Arthur J. 
Hazlett, Dr. William H. 
Healy, Vincent Jerrems 
Heaney, Dr. N. Sproat 
Heaton, Harry E. 
Heaton, Herman C. 
Heck, John 
Hedberg, Henry E. 
Heide, John H., Jr. 
Heidke, Herman L. 
Heiman, Marcus 
Heine, Mrs. Albert 
Heineman, Oscar 
Heinzelman, Karl 
Heinzen, Mrs. Carl 
Hejna, Joseph F. 
Heldmaier, Miss Marie 
Helfrich, J. Howard 
Heller, Albert 
Heller, John A. 
Heller, Mrs. Walter E. 
Hellman, George A. 
Hellyer, Walter 
Hemple, Miss Anne C. 
Henderson, Thomas B. G. 
Henkel, Frederick W. 
Henley, Dr. Eugene H. 
Hennings, Mrs. 
Abraham J. 
Henry, Huntington B. 
Henry, Otto 
Henschel, Edmund C. 
Henshaw, Mrs. 
Raymond §. 
Herrick, Charles E. 
Herrick, Miss Louise 
Herrick, Walter D. 
Herron, James C. 
Herron, Mrs. Ollie L. 
Hershey, J. Clarence 
Hertz, Mrs. Fred 
Hertzberg, Lawrence 
Herwig, George 
Herwig, William D., Jr. 
Heun, Arthur 
Heverly, Earl L. 
Hibbard, Mrs. Angus S. 
Hibbard, Mrs. W. G. 
Hicks, E. L., Jr. 
Higgins, John 
Higinbotham, Harlow D. 
Higley, Mrs. Charles W. 
Hildebrand, Eugene, Jr. 
Hildebrand, Grant M. 


155 


Hill, Mrs. E. M. 
Hill, Mrs. Russell D. 
Hill, William E. 
Hille, Dr. Hermann 
Hillebrecht, Herbert E. 
Hillis, Dr. David S. 
Hills, Edward R. 
Himrod, Mrs. Frank W. 
Hind, Mrs. John Dwight 
Hinkle, Ross O. 
Hinman, Mrs. Estelle S. 
Hinrichs, Henry, Jr. 
Hinsberg, Stanley K. 
Hirsch, Jacob H. 
Histed, J. Roland 
Hixon, Mrs. Frank P. 
Hodgkinson, Mrs. W. R. 
Hoffmann, Miss Caroline 
Dickinson 
Hoffmann, Edward 
Hempstead 
Hogan, Robert E. 
Hohman, Dr. E. H. 
Hoier, William V. 
Holden, Edward A. 
Holland, Dr. William E. 
Holliday, W. J. 
Hollingsworth, R. G. 
Hollis, Henry L. 
Hollister, Francis H. 
Holmes, George J. 
Holmes, Miss Harriet F. 
Holmes, Mrs. Maud G. 
Holmes, William 
Holmes, William N. 
Holt, Miss Ellen 
Homan, Miss Blossom L. 
Honsik, Mrs. James M. 
Hoover, F. E. 
Hoover, Mrs. Frank K. 
Hoover, Mrs. Fred W. 
Hoover, H. Earl 
Hoover, Ray P. 
Hope, Alfred S. 
Hopkins, Farley 
Hopkins, Mrs. James M. 
Horan, Dennis A. 
Horcher, William W. 
Horne, Mrs. William 
Dodge, Jr. 
Horner, Dr. David A. 
Horner, Mrs. Maurice 
Ips die: 
Hornung, Joseph J. 
Horst, Curt A. 
Horton, George T. 
Horton, Hiram T. 
Horton, Horace B. 
Hosbein, Louis H. 
Hosmer, Philip B. 
Hottinger, Adolph 
Howard, Willis G. 


156 Fre.p Museum or Natura. History—Reports, VOL. 12 


Hubbard, George W. 

Huber, Dr. Harry Lee 

Hudson, Mra. H. 
Newton 


Huncke, Oswald W. 
Hunter, Samuel M. 
Hurley, Edward N., Jr. 


Huston, Ward T. 
Hanah Ralph DY 
Hutch nson, oye P. 
Hutchinson, Samuel S. 


Hyatt, R. C. 


Jacobs, H A. 


J Mra. Louis 


Jarchow, Charles C. 
Jarratt, Mra. Walter J. 
Jeffries, F. L. 

Jenkins, David F. D. 
Jenkins, Mra. John E. 
Jenkinson, Mrs. Arthur 


J tot iiliam Shi 
enks, Wi Shippen 
Jennings, Ode D. 
Jennings, Mra. Rosa V. 
Jerger, Wilbur Joseph 
a David 
Jirka, Dr. ‘ 
Jirka, Dr. Robert H. 
John, Dr. Findley D. 
Johnson, Alvin O. 
Johnson, Arthur L. 
Joh é M oo 

ohnson, Mrs. 

Alden 


Johnson, Isaac Horton 
Johnson, Joseph M. 
Johnson, Nels FE. 
Johnson, Mrs. O. W. 
Johnson, Olaf B. 
Johnson, Philip C. 
Johnston, Arthur C. 
Johnston, Edward R. 
Johnston, Mrs. Hubert 
McBean 
Johnston, Mrs. M. L. 


Juergens H. Paul 
Julien, Victor R. 
Junkunc, Stephen 


Kleutgen, Dr. Arthur C. 
Kline, Sol 
Klinetop, Mrs. 
Charles W. 
Knopf, Andrew J. 
Knott, Mrs. Stephen R. 
Knox, Harry S. 
Knutson, George H. 
Koch, Paul W. 
Koch, Raymond J. 
Kochs, August 
Kochs, Mrs. Robert T. 
Kohl, Mrs. Caroline L. 
Kohler, Eric L. 
Kohlsaat, Edward C. 
Komiss, David 8. 
Konsberg, Alvin V. 
Kosobud, William F. 
Kotal, John A. 
Kotin, George N. 
Koucky, Dr. J. D. 
Kovac, Stefan 
Kraber, Mrs. Fredericka 
Kraft, C. H. 
Kraft, James L. 
Kraft, Norman 
Kralovec, Emil G. 
Kralovec, Mrs. Otto J. 
Kramer, Leroy 
Kraus, Peter J. 
Kraus, Samuel B. 
Krause, John J. 
Kretschmer, Dr. 
Herman L. 
Kritchevsky, Dr. Wolff 
Kroehl, Howard 
Kropff, C. G. 
Krost, Dr. Gerard N. 
Krueger, Leopold A. 
Krutckoff, Charles 
Kuehn, A. L. 
Kuh, Mrs. Edwin J., Jr. 
Kuhl, Harry J. 
Kuhn, Frederick T. 
Kuhn, Dr. Hedwig S. 
Kunka, Bernard J. 
Kunstadter, Albert 
Kunstadter, Sigmund W. 
Kurfess, John Fredric 
Kurtzon, Morris 


Lacey, Miss Edith M. 
LaChance, Mrs. 
Leander H. 
Laflin, Mrs. Louis E. 
Laflin, Louis E., Jr. 
Lampert, Wilson W. 
Lamson, W. A. 
Lanahan, Mrs. M. J. 
Landry, Alvar A. 
Lane, F. Howard 
Lane, Ray E. 


ASSOCIATE MEMBERS 


Lane, Wallace R. 
Lang, Edward J. 
Lang, Mrs. W. J. 
Lange, Mrs. August 
Langenbach, Mrs. 
Alice R. 
Langhorne, George 
Tayloe 
Langworthy, Benjamin 
Franklin 
Lanman, E. B. 
Lansinger, Mrs. John M. 
Larimer, Howard §8. 
Larson, Mrs. George E. 
Lashley, Mrs. Karl 8. 
Lasker, Albert D. 
Lau, Max 
Lauren, Newton B. 
Lauter, Mrs. Vera 
Lautmann, Herbert M. 
Lavezzorio, Mrs. J. B. 
Lavidge, Arthur W. 
Law, Mrs. Robert O. 
Lawless, Dr. Theodore K. 
Lawson, A. J. 
Lawton, Frank W. 
Laylander, O. J. 
Leahy, Thomas F. 
Leavell, James R. 
Leavens, Theodore 
Leavitt, Mrs. Wellington 
Lebold, Foreman N. 
Lebold, Samuel N. 
Lebolt, John Michael 
Lederer, Dr. Francis L. 
Lee, David Arthur 
Lee, Mrs. John H. 8. 
Lefens, Miss Katherine J. 
Lefens, Walter C. 
Lehmann, Miss 
Augusta E. 
Leichenko, Peter M. 
Leight, Mrs. Albert E. 
Leistner, Oscar 
Leland, Miss Alice J. 
Leland, Mrs. Roscoe G. 
LeMoon, A. R. 
Lennon, George W. 
Lenz, J. Mayo 
Leonard, Arthur G. 
Leonard, Arthur T. 
Letts, Mrs. Frank C. 
Leverone, Louis E. 
Levinson, Mrs. Salmon O. 
Levis, Mrs. Albert Cotter 
Levitan, Benjamin 
Levitetz, Nathan 
Levy, Alexander M. 
Levy, Arthur G. 
Lewy, Dr. Alfred 
Libby, Mrs. C. P. 
Liebman, A. J. 


157 


Ligman, Rev. Thaddeus 
Lillie, Frank R. 
Lindahl, Mrs. Edward J. 
Linden, John A. 
Lindheimer, B. F. 
Lindholm, Charles Y. 
Lindquist, J. E. 
Lingle, Bowman C. 
Linton, Ben B. 
Lipman, Robert R. 
Liss, Samuel 
Little, Mrs. E. H. 
Littler, Harry E., Jr. 
Livingston, Julian M. 
Livingston, Mrs. 
Milton L. 
Llewellyn, Paul 
Lloyd, Edward W. 
Lloyd, William Bross 
Lobdell, Mrs. Edwin L. 
Lockwood, W. S. 
Loeb, Mrs. A. H. 
Loeb, Hamilton M. 
Loeb, Jacob M. 
Loeb, Leo A. 
Loesch, Frank J. 
Loewenberg, Israel S. 
Loewenberg, M. L. 
Loewenstein, Sidney 
Loewenthal, Richard J. 
Logan, L. B. 
Long, Mrs. Joseph B. 
Long, William E. 
Lord, Arthur R. 
Lord, Mrs. Russell 
Loucks, Charles O. 
Louer, Albert E. M. 
Louer, Albert 8S. 
Love, Chase W. 
Lovell, William H. 
Lovgren, Carl 
Lownik, Dr. Felix J. 
Lucey, Patrick J. 
Ludington, Nelson J. 
Ludolph, Wilbur M. 
Lueder, Arthur C. 
Lufkin, Wallace W. 
Luria, Herbert A. 
Lurie, H. J 
Lustgarten, Samuel 
Lutter, Henry J. 
Lydon, Mrs. William A. 
Lyford, Harry B. 
Lynch, William Joseph 
Lyon, Charles H. 


Maass, J. Edward 
MacDonald, E. K. 
MacDougal, Mrs. T. W. 
Mackey, Frank J. 
Mackinson, Dr. John C. 
MacLeish, Mrs. Andrew 


158 FreLp Museum or NaTurAL History—Reports, Vou. 12 


Marquart, Arthur A. 
ne A. N. 
M , A. Fletcher 
Marsh, John 
MeWilliams, IT 
Marsh, Mrs. John P. 
Marsh, Mrs. Marshall S. 
Martin, Mrs. Franklin H. 


Masterson, Peter 
Mathesius, Mrs. Walther 
Mataon, J. Edward 


McBirney, Mra. Hugh J. 
McC . James B. 
McCarthy, Edmond J. 
McCarthy, Joseph W. 
McClun, John M. 
McCord, Downer 

i * Professor 


arry 
McCormick, Mra. 
Alexander A. 
McCormick, Mrs. 


eCormick, Leander J. 
McCormick, RobertH.,Jr. 
McCoy, Herbert N. 
McCrea, Mrs. W. S. 
pee 7 yo 

‘reight, Miss ys 

Stee eneh 


McCreight, Louis Ralph 
McDonald, E. F., Jr. 
McDonald, Lewis 
McDougal, Mrs. James B. 
McDougal, Mrs. Robert 
McDougall, Mrs. 

ur 


McGurn, Mathew S. 
McHugh, Mrs. Grover 
McIntosh, Arthur T. 
McIntosh, Mrs. WalterG. 
McKinney, Mrs. Ha 
McLaury, Mrs. C. 
McMenemy, L. T. 
MeMillan, James G. 
MeMillan, John 
McMillan, W. B. 
MeMillan, William M. 
McNamara, Louis G. 
McNamee, Peter F. 


Morrison, Mrs. 

Charles E. 
Morrison, Mrs. Harry 
Morrison, James C. 
Morrison, Matthew A. 
Morrisson, James W. 
Morse, Mrs. Charles J. 
Morse, Leland R. 
Morse, Mrs. Milton 
Morse, Robert H. 
Mortenson, Mrs. Jacob 
Morton, Sterling 
Morton, William Morris 
Moses, Howard A. 
Moss, Jerome A. 
Mouat, Andrew J. 
Mowry, Louis C. 
Moyer, Mrs. Paul S. 
Mudge, Mrs. John B. 
Muehlstein, Mrs. Charles 
Mueller, Austin M. 
Mueller, Miss Hedwig H. 
Mueller, J. Herbert 
Mueller, Paul H. 
Mulford, Miss Melinda 

Jane 
Mulholand, William H. 
Mulligan, George F. 
Munroe, Moray 
Murphy, Joseph D. 
Murphy, Robert E. 
Musselman, Dr. GeorgeH. 


Naber, Henry G. 
Nadler, Dr. Walter H. 
Naess, Sigurd E. 
Nahigian, Sarkis H. 
Nash, Charles J. 
Nast, Mrs. A. D. 
Nathan, Claude 
Nebel, Herman C. 
Neely, Mrs. Lloyd F. 
Nehls, Arthur L. 
Neilson, Mrs. Francis 
Nellegar, Mrs. Jay C. 
Nelson, Arthur W. 
Nelson, Charles G. 
Nelson, Donald M. 
Nelson, Murry 
Nelson, N. J. 
Nelson, Victor W. 
Netcher, Mrs. Charles 
Neu, Clarence L. 
Neuffer, Paul A. 
eumann, Arthur E. 
Newhall, R. Frank 
Newhouse, Karl 
Newman, Charles H. 
Nichols, Mrs. George R. 
Nichols, Mrs. George 


eT: 
Nichols, J. C. 


ASSOCIATE MEMBERS 


Nichols, S. F. 

Nicholson, Thomas G. 

Nilsson, Mrs. Goodwin M. 

Nitze, Mrs. William A. 

Noble, Samuel R. 

Nollau, Miss Emma 

Noonan, Edward J. 

Norman, Harold W. 

Norris, Mrs. Lester 

Norton, R. H. 

Novak, Charles J. 

Noyes, A. H. 

Noyes, Allan S. 

Noyes, David A. 

Noyes, Mrs. May Wells 

Nusbaum, Mrs. 
Hermien D. 

Nyman, Dr. John Egbert 


Oates, James F. 
Oberfelder, Herbert M. 
Oberfelder, Walter S. 
O’Brien, Frank J. 
O’Brien, Miss Janet 
Odell, William R. 
Odell, William R., Jr. 
Off, Mrs. Clifford 
Offield, James R. 
Oglesbee, Nathan H. 
O’ Keefe, Mrs. Dennis D. 
Oleott, Mrs. Henry C. 
Oldefest, Edward G. 
O’Leary, John W. 
Oliver, Gene G. 
Oliver, Mrs. Paul 
Olson, Gustaf 
Olson, Rudolph J. 
Oppenheimer, Alfred 
Oppenheimer, Mrs. 
Harry D. 
Orndoff, Dr. Benjamin H. 
O’Rourke, Albert 
Orr, Mrs. Robert C. 
Orr, Thomas C. 
Orthal, A. J. 
Ortmayer, Dr. Marie 
Osborn, Mrs. Gertrude L. 
Osborn, Theodore L. 
Ostrom, Mrs. James 
Augustus 
Otis, J. Sanford 
Otis, Joseph E. 
Otis, Joseph Edward, Jr. 
Otis, Ralph C. 
Otis, Stuart Huntington 
Ouska, John A. 
Overton, George W. 
Owings, Mrs. 
Nathaniel A. 


Paasche, Jens A. 
Packard, Dr. Rollo K. 


159 


Paepcke, Walter P. 
Pagin, Mrs. Frank S. 
Pam, Miss Carrie 
Pardridge, Albert J. 
Pardridge, Mrs. E. W. 
Park, R. E. 
Parker, Frank B. 
Parker, Dr. Gaston C. 
Parker, Dr. J. William 
Parker, Norman S. 
Parker, Troy L. 
Parks; ©: R: 
Parmelee, Dr. A. H. 
Partridge, Lloyd C. 
Paschen, Mrs. Henry 
Patrick, Miss Catherine 
Patterson, Mrs. L. B. 
Patterson, Mrs. Wallace 
Pauling, Edward G. 
Payne, Professor James 
Peabody, Mrs. Francis S. 
Peabody, Howard B. 
Peabody, Miss Susan W. 
Peacock, Robert E. 
Peacock, Walter C. 
Pearl, Allen S. 
Pearse, Langdon 
Pearson, F. W. 
Pearson, George 
Albert, Jr. 
Peck, Dr. David B. 
Peet, Mrs. Belle G. 
Peirce, Albert E. 
Pelley, John J. 
Peltier, M. F. 
PenDell, Charles W. 
Percy, Dr. Nelson 
Mortimer 
Perkins, A. T. 
Perkins, Mrs. Herbert F. 
Perry, Dr. Ethel B. 
Perry, I. Newton 
Peter, William F. 
Peterkin, Daniel 
Peters, Harry A. 
Petersen, Jurgen 
Petersen, Dr. William F. 
Peterson, Albert 
Peterson, Alexander B. 
Peterson, Arthur J. 
Peterson, Axel A. 
Peterson, Mrs. Bertha I. 
Pflaum, A. J. 
Pflock, Dr. John J. 
Phelps, Mason 
Phelps, Mrs. W. L. 
Phemister, Dr. Dallas B. 
Phillips, Dr. Herbert 
Morrow 
Phillips, Mervyn C. 
Picher, Mrs. Oliver S. 
Pick, Albert, Jr. 


160 FreLD MuUseUM OF NATURAL History—ReEports, VOL. 12 


Pitcher, Mrs. Henry L. 
Pitzner, Alwin Frederick 
Plapp, Miss Doris A. 
Platt, Mra. Robert S. 
Plunkett, William H. 
Podell, Mra. Beatrice 


ayes 
Polk, Mra. Stella F. 
Pollock, Dr. Harry L. 
Pomeroy, Mra. Frank W. 
Pontius, Dr. John R. 
Pool, Marvin B. 
Poole, Mrs. Frederick 

Arthur 

Poole, George A. 
Poole, Mrs. Ralph H. 
Poor, Fred A. 


Porter, Henry H. 
Porter, Mrs. Sidney S. 
Porterfield, Mrs. John F. 
Post, Frederick, Jr. 


Putnam, Miss Mabel C. 
Pyterek, Rev. Peter H. 


ick, Misa Hattiemae 
igley, William J. 


Raber, Franklin 


Radniecki, Rev. Stanley 
Raff, Mrs. Arthur 


Raftree, Miss Julia M. 


» Mra. R. J. 
Rankin, Miss Jeasie H. 


Ra d, Mra. 
Bowaed D. 
Razim, A. J. 
Reach, Benjamin F. 
Reach, William 
Redfield, William M. 
Redington, F. B. 
Reed, Mra. Frank D. 
Reed, Mrs. Ke Coates 


Reed, Norris H. 

Reed, Mrs. cj L. 
Reeve, Mra. Ear 
Reeve, Frederick E. 
Reffelt, Miss F. A. 
Regan, Mrs. Robert G. 


Remy, Mrs. William 
seen eg Mrs. Charles 
Renwick, Edward A. 
Rew, Mrs. Irwin 
Reynolds, Harold F. 
Reynolds, Mrs. J. J. 


Richards, Marcus D. 
Richardson, neeay A. 
Gu 


Richardson, Guy A. 

Richter, Mrs. Adelyn W. 
ckeords, Francis S. 

Ricketts, C. Lindsay 

Ridgeway, Ernest 

Ridgway, William 

Riemenschneider, Mrs. 
Julius H. 


Ring, Miss Mary E. 
Ripstra, J. Henri 
erg Charles J. 


Roberts, William 


M 
Roche ‘Mins Emaily q 
Roderick, Solomon P. _ 
Rodgers, Dr. David C, 
Rodman, Thomas 


af : 
om 


! 


1 
ui 


f 
: 


i 


A 
iL 
2 


Sackley, Mrs. James A. 
Sage, W. Otis 
Salisbury, Mrs. 

Warren M. 
Salmon, Mrs. E. D. 
Sammons, Wheeler 
Sample, John Glen 
Sandidge, Miss Daisy 
Sands, Mrs. Frances B. 
Santini, Mrs. Randolph 
Sardeson, Orville A. 
Sargent, Chester F. 
Sargent, John R. W. 
Sargent, Ralph 
Sauter, Fred J. 
Sawyer, Dr. Alvah L. 
Schacht, John H. 
Schafer, O. J. 
Schaffner, Mrs. Joseph 
Schaffner, Robert C. 
Scheidenhelm, Edward L. 
Scheinman, Jesse D. 
Schermerhorn, W. I. 
Schlake, William 
Schmidt, Adolf 
Schmidt, Dr. Charles L. 
Schmidt, Mrs. Minna 
Schmitz, Dr. Henry 
Schneider, F. P. 
Schnering, Otto Y. 
Schnur, Ruth A. 
Scholl, Dr. William M. 
Schram, Harry S. 
Schreiner, Sigurd 
Schroeder, Dr. George H. 
Schukraft, William 
Schulman, A. S. 
Schulze, Mrs. Mathilde 
Schupp, Philip C. 
Schuyler, Mrs. Daniel 


diag dig 
Schwanke, Arthur 
Schwartz, Charles K. 
Schwartz, Charles P. 
Schwarz, Herbert E. 
Schwarzhaupt, Emil 
Sclanders, Mrs. Alexander 
Scott, Robert L. 
Scribner, Gilbert 
Scully, Mrs. D. B. 
Seames, Mrs. Charles O. 
Sears, Miss Dorothy 
Sears, J. Alden 
Sears, Richard W., Jr. 
Seaton, G. Leland 
Seaverns, George A. 
Seaverns, Louis C. 
Sedgwick, C. Galen 
See, Dr. Agnes Chester 
Seeberger, Miss Dora A. 
Seeburg, Justus P. 
Seifert, Mrs. Walter J. 


ASSOCIATE MEMBERS 


Seip, Emil G. 

Seipp, Clarence T. 
Seipp, Edwin A. 
Seipp, Edwin A., Jr. 
Seipp, William C. 
Sello, George W. 


Sencenbaugh, Mrs. C. W. 


Seng, Frank J. 

Seng, V. J. 

Senne, John A. 
Sennekohl, Mrs. A. C. 
Shaffer, Carroll 
Shaffer, Charles B. 
Shambaugh, Dr.GeorgeE. 
Shanesy, Ralph D. 
Shannon, Angus Roy 
Shapiro, Meyer 

Sharpe, N. M. 

Shaw, Alfred P. 

Shaw, Mrs. Arch W. 
Shaw, Theodore A. 
Sheldon, James M. 
Shelton, Dr. W. Eugene 


Shepherd, Mrs. Edith P. 


Sherman, Mrs. Francis 
C., Sr. 

Sherman, Mrs. W. W. 

Shields, James Culver 

Shillestad, John N. 

Shire, Moses E. 

Shoan, Nels 

Shorey, Clyde E. 

Short, J. R. 

Short, Miss Shirley Jane 

Shoup, A. D. 

Shumway, Mrs. Edward 
DeWitt 

Sidley, William P. 

Siebel, Mrs. Ewald H. 

Sigman, Leon 

Silander, A. I. 

Silberman, Charles 

Silberman, David B. 

Silberman, Hubert S. 

Sills, Clarence W. 

Silverthorne, George M. 

Simond, Robert E. 

Simonds, Dr. James P. 

Sincere, Ben E. 

Sinclair, Dr. J. Frank 


Singer, Mrs. Mortimer H. 


Sitzer, Dr. L. Grace 
Powell 
Skleba, Dr. Leonard F. 
Skooglund, David 
Sleeper, Mrs. Olive C. 
Smith, Charles Herbert 
Smith, Mrs. Charles R. 
Smith, Mrs. E. A. 
Smith, Mrs. Emery J. 
Smith, Mrs. Frank 8. 
Smith, Franklin P. 


161 


Smith, Harold Byron 
Smith, Mrs. Hermon 
Dunlap 
Smith, Jens 
Smith, Jesse BE. 
Smith, Mrs. Katherine 
Walker 
Smith, Mrs. Kinney 
Smith, Miss Marion D. 
Smith, Paul C. 
Smith, Samuel K. 
Smith, Mrs. Theodore 
White 
Smith, Walter Bourne 
Smith, Walter Byron 
Smith, Mrs. William A. 
Smith, Z. Erol 
Smullan, Alexander 
Snow, Fred A. 
Snyder, Harry 
Socrates, Nicholas 
Solem, Dr. George O. 
Sonnenschein, Hugo 
Sonneveld, Jacob 
Soper, Henry M. 
Soper, James P., Jr. 
Sopkin, Mrs. Setia H. 
Soravia, Joseph 
Sorensen, James 
Spencer, Mrs. Egbert H. 
Spencer, Mrs. William M. 
Spiegel, Mrs. 
Frederick W. 
Spiegel, Mrs. Mae O. 
Spitz, Joel 
Spitz, Leo 
Spitzglass, Mrs. 
Leonard M. 
Spohn, John F. 
Spooner, Charles W. 
Spoor, Mrs. John A. 
Sprague, Dr. John P. 
Spray, Cranston 
Squires, John G. 
Staack, Otto C. 
Stacey, Mrs. Thomas I. 
Staley, Miss Mary B. 
Stanton, Dr. E. M. 
Stanton, Edgar 
Stanton, Henry T. 
Starbird, Miss Myrtle I. 
Stark, Mrs. Harold 
Starrels, Joel 
Stearns, Mrs. Richard I. 
Stebbins, Fred J. 
Steele, W. D. 
Steffey, David R. 
Stein, Benjamin F. 
Stein, Dr. Irving 
Stein, L. Montefiore 
Stenson, Frank R. 
Sterba, Dr. Joseph V. 


162 FieLp Museum or NaTuraAL History—Reports, Vou. 12 


Stern, Alfred Whital 
vid B. 


A F 
Stevenson, ay Yen 
Stewart, Miss Agnes 

Nannie 


a nd Mra. Gustavus J. 
Taylor, Frank F. 
Taylor, George Halleck 
Taylor, J. H. 


Terry, Foss Bell 


Thomas, Dr. William A. 
Thompson, Arthur H. 
Thompson, Charles E. 
Thompson, Edward F. 
Thompson, Floyd E. 
Thompson, Fred L. 
Thompson, Dr. George F. 
Thompson, Mrs. John R. 
Thompson, John R., Jr. 
Thompson, Mrs. Leverett 
Thorne, Hallett W. 


Titzel, Dr. W. R. 
Tobey, William Robert 
Tobias, on H. 
Torbet, A. W. 
Touchstone, John Henry 
Towle, Leroy C. 
Towler, Kenneth F. 


Turner, Tracy L. 

Tuthill, Mrs. Beulah L. 

Tuthill, Gray B. 

Tuttle, Emerson 

Tuttle, F. B. 

Tuttle, Mrs. Henry N. 
. Mrs. Orson K. 


Ullman, Mrs. N. J. 
Ullmann, Herbert S. 


Washburne, 
Hempstead, Jr. 


Washington, Laurence W. 


Wassell, Joseph 
Waterman, Dr. A. H. 
Watson, William Upton 
Watts, Harry C. 
Watzek, J. W., Jr. 
Waud, E. P. 


Wayman, Charles A. G. 


Wean, Frank L. 
Weaver, Charles A. 
Weber, Mrs. Will S. 
Webster, Arthur L. 
Webster, Miss Helen R. 
Webster, Henry A. 
Wedelstaedt, H. A. 
Weil, Mrs. Leon 
Weil, Martin 
Weiler, Rudolph 
Weiner, Charles 
Weinstein, Dr. M. L. 
Weinzelbaum, Louis L. 
Weis, Samuel W. 
Weisbrod, Benjamin H. 
Weiss, Mrs. Morton 
Weissenbach, Mrs. 
Minna K. 
Weisskopf, Maurice J. 
Weisskopf, Dr. Max A. 
Welles, Mrs. Donald 
Welles, Mrs. Edward 
Kenneth 
Wells, Arthur H. 
Wells, Harry L. 
Wells, John E. 
Wells, Preston A. 
Wells, Thomas E. 
Wells, Mrs. Thomas E. 
Wendell, Barrett 
Wendell, Miss 
Josephine A. 
Wentworth, Mrs. 
Sylvia B. 
Werner, Frank A. 
West, J. Roy 
West, Miss Mary Sylvia 
West, Thomas H. 
Westerfeld, Simon 
Westrich, Miss T. C. 
Wetten, Albert H. 


Addleman, Samuel W. 
Allbright, William B. 


Barbour, Harry A. 
Belden, Joseph C. 
Bird, George H. 
Birkholz, Hans E. 
Blair, Edward T. 


ASSOCIATE MEMBERS 


Weymer, Earl M. 
Whealan, Emmett P. 
Wheeler, George A. 
Wheeler, Leo W. 
Wheeler, Leslie M. 
Wheeler, Mrs. Robert C. 
Whinery, Charles C. 
White, Mrs. James C. 
White, James E. 
White, Joseph J. 
White, Richard T. 
White, Sanford B. 
White, Selden Freeman 
Whitehouse, Howard D. 
Whiting, Mrs. Adele H. 
Whiting, Lawrence H. 
Widdicombe, Mrs. R. A. 
Wieland, Charles J. 
Wieland, Mrs. George C. 
Wienhoeber, George V. 
Wilder, Harold, Jr. 
Wilder, Mrs. John E. 
Wilder, Mrs. T. E. 
Wilker, Mrs. Milton W. 
Wilkey, Fred S. 
Wilkins, George Lester 
Wilkins, Miss Ruth 
Wilkinson, Mrs. 

George L. 
Wilkinson, John C. 
Willey, Mrs. Charles B. 
Williams, Dr. A. 

Wilberforce 
Williams, Miss Anna P. 
Williams, Harry Lee 
Williams, J. M. 
Williams, Kenneth 
Williamson, George H. 
Willis, Paul, Jr. 
Willis, Thomas H. 
Willner, Benton Jack, Jr. 
Wills, H. E. 
Wilms, Hermann P. 
Wilson, Mrs. E. Crane 
Wilson, Harry Bertram 
Wilson, Mrs. John R. 
Wilson, Miss Lillian M. 
Wilson, Morris Karl 
Wilson, Mrs. Robert 

Conover 
Wilson, Mrs. Robert E. 


DECEASED, 1939 


Brand, Mrs. 
Edwin L., Jr. 
Brown, Mrs. George 
Dewes 
Bull, Richard S. 


Cameron, John M. 
Capper, Miss M. M. 


163 


Wilson, William 
Winans, Frank F. 
Windsor, H. H., Jr. 
Winston, Mrs.BertramM. 
Winston, Hampden 
Winston, James H. 
Winter, Irving 
Witkowsky, Leon 
Wojtalewicz, Rev. 
Francis M. 
Wolf, Mrs. Albert H. 
Wolf, Walter B. 
Wood, Mrs. Gertrude D. 
Wood, Mrs. Harold F. 
Wood, John H. 
Wood, Kay, Jr. 
Wood, Robert E. 
Wood, William G. 
Woodmansee, Fay 
Woodruff, George 
Woods, Weightstill 
Worcester, Mrs. 
Charles H. 
Work, Robert 
Works, George A. 
Worth, Miss Helen E. 
Wright, H. C. 
Wright, Warren 
Wrigley, Mrs. Charles W. 
Wunderle, H. O 
Wyeth, Harry B. 


Yegge, C. Fred 

Yerkes, Richard W. 
Yondorf, John David 
Yondorf, Milton S. 
Yondorf, Milton S., Jr. 
Yorkey, Mrs. Margaret 
Young, E. Frank 
Young, George W. 
Young, Hugh E. 


Zabel, Max W. 

Zapel, Elmer 

Zerk, Oscar U. 

Zerler, Charles F. 
Ziebarth, Charles A. 
Zimmerman, Herbert P. 
Zimmerman, Louis W. 
Zinke, Otto A. 

Zork, David 


Coleman, William Ogden 
Cross, Henry H. 


Dewes, Rudolph Peter 
Donahue, William J. 


Elliott, Dr. Charles A. 
Engwall, John F. 


164 Fretp Museum or NATURAL History—ReEports, VOL. 12 


Ericson, Melvin Burton 


Fabyan, Mrs. George 
Freund, Charles E. 


Garard, A. Johnson, Joseph F. 
Goodkind, Dr. y 
Maurice Te Lewis, David R. 
Granger, Alfred Matthiessen, Frank 
Green Andrew H. MeLaury, Walker G. 
ng, Josep 
a 9 = R Miller, Mrs. Walter H. 
H hota The n Mohr, William J. 
Harding, George F. Page-Wood, Gerald 
{ n, Miss Patrick, Dr. Hugh T. 
Amanda F Pond, Irving K. 


Hintz, John c a Porter, James F. 


NON-RESIDENT ASSOCIATE MEMBERS 
Those, residing fifty miles or more from the cily of Chicago, who hare 
contribuled $50 to the Museum 

Mitchell, W. A. 
Niederhauser, Homer 
Phillips, Montagu Austin 
Stevens, Edmund W. 


Baum, Mrs. James 
Colby, Carl 

Day, Mrs. Winfield S. 
Meevers, Harvey 


SUSTAINING MEMBERS 
Those who contribute $25 annually to the Museum 


Carney, Thomas J. McInerney, John L. Slader, Thomas 
Chinlund, Miss Ruth E. Peel, Richard H. hash 
Louis, Mrs. John J. Sawyer, Ainslie Y. Swigart, John’ D. 


ANNUAL MEMBERS 
Those who contribute $10 annually to the Museum 


Abeles, Jerome G Allen, Dr. A. V 
Abrahams, Harry E Allen, Amos G 
Adamowski, Ben S. Allen, Edwin D 
Adams, wb 4 Allen, Frank W 
Adams, Hugh Allen, John D 
Adama, in, Mra. J. J. 
Addington, Mra. Alrutz, Dr. Louis F. 

James R. Ben J. 
Albert, Mrs. Lloyd G Alton, Robert Leslie 
Alcorn, W. R. Amberg, Harold V 
Alessio, Frank Amberg, Miss Mary 
Alexander, Harry T Agnes 


Austin, Edwin C. 

Austin, M. B. 

Austin, Dr. Margaret 
Howard 

Austrian, Mrs. H. S. 

Auty, K. A 

Avildsen, Clarence 


Bachmeyer, Dr. Arthur C. 
Bachrach, Walter 
Bade, Mrs. William A. 
Bagby, John C. 
Baker, C. M. 
Balaban, Elmer 
Balderston, Mrs. 
Stephen V. 
Balfanz, Henry W. 
Ballard, Mrs. E. S. 
Bankard, E. Hoover, Jr. 
Baril, W. A. 
Barker, James M. 
Barkhausen, Mrs. 
Henry G. 
Barkhausen, L. H. 
Barnes, Harold O. 
Barnes, Mrs. Harold 
Osborne 
Barnes, William H. 
Barrett, Miss Adela 
Bartholomay, William, Jr. 
Bartoli, Peter 
Bass, Charles 
Baumann, Harry P. 
Bays, Alfred W. 
Beal, Henry S. 
Bean, Edward H. 
Bear, Mrs. Robert G. 
Beatty, Ross J., Jr. 
Becker, Matthew G. 
Beddoes, Hubert 
Beers-Jones, L. 
Behrens, Mrs. Herman A. 
Bell, George Irving 
Bender, Mrs. Charles 
Bengtson, J. Ludvig 
Benjamin, Claude A. 
Bennett, Edward H. 
Bennington, Harold 
Benson, Frank A. 
Benson, Mrs. T. R. 
Bentley, Richard 
Berg, Sigard E. 
Berger, E. M. 
Berger, R. O. 
Bergh, Ross F. 
Berleman, Miss Mildred 
Berman, Irving 
Bernstein, George E. 
Berry, John M. 
Berry, V. D. 
Bestel, Oliver A. 
Biddle, Robert C. 


ANNUAL MEMBERS 


Biggio, Mrs. Louise T. 
Biggs, Mrs. Joseph Henry 
Bird, Herbert J. 
Birdsall, Lewis I. 
Black, J. Walker 
Blackburn, John W. 
Blair, Mrs. W. 
McCormick 
Blake, Mrs. Freeman K. 
Blalock, Miss Josephine 
Block, Mrs. Joseph L. 
Blomquist, Alfred 
Bloom, H. L. 
Bloom, Sidney Weil ' 
Blumenthal, Barre 
Blundell, William L. 
Blunt, Carleton 
Blythe, Mrs. J. W. 
Boeger, William F. 
Bogoff, Henry 
Bokman, Dr. A. F. 
Bolton, John F. 
Bond, William A. 
Bond, William Scott 
Bonfield, Paul H. 
Bopp, Andrew R. 
Borcherding, E. P. 
Borowitz, David 
Bothman, Dr. Louis 
Bovingdon, Mrs. 
Louise T. 
Bowes, W. R. 
Bowman, Jay 
Bowman, Mrs. Jay 
Boyd, E. B. 
Boyd, Mrs. Henry W. 
Brachvogel, Mrs. 
Christiana 
Brackenburg, Mrs. B. A. 
Bradley, Herbert E. 
Brant, Mrs. C. M. 
Brashears, J. W. 
Braudy, Mrs. Louis C. 
Breck, Dr. Merrick R. 
Breen, James W. 
Bremner, Dr. M. D. K. 
Brewer, Harry F. 
Brewster, William E. 
Briggs, Dr. Clement 
W.K 


Briney, Dr. William F. 
Brooks, Mrs. E. P. 
Broome, John Spoor 
Broome, Mrs. Thornhill 
Brown, Mrs. Corabel K. 
Brown, Miss Ella W. 
Brown, H. A. 

Brown, Miss Martha A. 
Brown, Dr. Ralph C. 
Brown, Robert C., Jr. 
Brown, Sydney P. 
Brown, Mrs. Warren W. 


165 


Browning, J. Roy 
Brucker, Dr. Matthew W. 
Brunkhorst, John Keenan 
Buchanan, Mrs. Perry B. 
Buchbinder, Dr. J. R. 
Buchen, Walther 
Budd, Mrs. L. W. 
Budd, Mrs. Ralph 
Buik, George C. 
Bunn, B. H. 
Bunnell, John A. 
Bunton, Miss Helen M. 
Burch, Clayton B. 
Burch, Mrs. W. E. 
Burchmore, John S. 
Burdick, Charles B. 
Burkhardt, Mrs. 

Ralph E. 
Burnet, Mrs. W. A. 
Burridge, Mrs. Howard J. 
Burrows, Miss Louisa L. 
Busch, Francis X. 
Butler, Comfort S. 
Byfield, Ernest L. 
Byrne, Mrs. M. W. K. 
Byrnes, William Jerome 


Cabell, Mrs. Robert H. 
Cable, Arthur G. 
Caesar, O. E. 

Caine, Leon J. 

Callahan, Mrs. A. F. 
Callans iene 

Campbell, Argyle 
Campbell, Donald A. 
Campbell, George F. 
Campbell, Mrs. John G. 
Campe, Frank O. 
Canavan, J. Newell 
Canman, Richard W. 
Cardelli, Mrs. Giovanni 
Carey, Denis P. 

Carl, Otto Frederick 
Carlisle, William George 
Carlson, Mrs. Annetta C. 
Carlson, John F. 
Carlton, Mrs. Frank A. 
Carpenter, Frank D. 
Carpenter, John Alden 
Carr, Henry C. 

Carter, Mrs. C. B. 
Carter, Mrs. R. B. 
Cassady, Mrs. Thomas G. 
Cassells, G. J. 
Castenholz, W. B. 
Castle, Sidney 
Cavanagh, Harry L. 
Cavanagh, Mrs. Joseph J. 
Cedarquist, B. E. 
Cervenka, John A. 
Chandler, Charles H. 
Chandler, Dr. Fremont A. 


166 Fre.p Museum or Natura. History—Reports, VOL. 12 


Clark, Willard F. 
Clarke, Broadus J. 
Clarke, David R. 
Clarke, Mrs. Philip R. 
ornare J —— 


Cliford, Fred 5 hs dr. 


Coleman Hamilton 
ac Arthur Ww. 


na, Charlies W. 
Coltins Mrs. Frank P. 
Colvin, Mies Bonnie 
Comba, Earle M., Jr. 
Condes, Ralph W. 
Condon, Mrs. Jessie B. 

ondon, Thomas J. 


Cook, Louis T. 

Cook, Paul W. 

Cook, Sidney A. 
Cooke, Charles F. 
Coomba, Dr. Arthur J. 
ec aly Mra. Clay C. 


ooper, R., Jr. 
Coppel, Mra. Charles H. 
, Erwin 
Coverley, Mra. Cecile 


Coxe, Misa Winnie 
Craddock, John F. 


Corning 
Cummings, Dr. C. A. 
Cummings, Mrs. Dexter 
Cuneo, nk 
an Secor 
Curtis. 3 


G. 
Darrow, William Dwight 
t, Walter 
Da Mrs. H. G. 
Davies, William B. 


Denison, John W. 


Elston, Mrs. I. C., Jr. 
_ Elting, Winston 
Embree, Henry S. 
Embree, J. W., Jr. 
Engel, Mrs. Albert W. 
Engel, Mrs. Cora F. 


_Erminger, Mrs. H. B., Jr. 


_Essley, E. Porter 
 EBulass, E. A. 

Evans, Mrs. Arthur T. 
Evers, John W., Jr. 


Fabrice, Edward H. 
Fairlie, Mrs. W. A. 
_Fairman, Miss Marian 
Falls, Dr. F. H. 
_Fantus, Ernest L. 
Farnsworth, Mrs. Ward 
Farwell, Albert D. 
Fauley, Dr. Gordon B. 
Fawkes, Charles E. 
Feipel, Peter J. 
Felsenthal, Herman 
Feltman, Roland D. 
Fennema, Nick 
Fenton, J. R. 
Ferguson, Louis A., Jr. 
Ferry, Mrs. Frank 
Fessenden, Mrs. M. G. 
Field, Mrs. J. A. 
Field, Mrs. 


Fink, R. A. 

Finney, Dr. William P. 
Fischer, Mrs. Louis E. 
Fish, Mrs. Sigmund C. 
Fisher, Stephen J. 
Fitzgerald, Dr. J. E. 
Fleischhauer, Herbert 
Fletcher, R. P. 

Flood, E. J. 
Florsheim, Leonard S. 
Flory, Owen O. 

Floto, J. W. 

Flynn, Maurice J. 
Fogler, Mrs. R. H. 
Follett, Charles W. 
Folsom, Mrs. 

_ William R. 

Forbes, Lester H. 
Ford, Mrs. Edwin S. 
Forrest, Maulsby 
Foster, William S. 
Foucek, Charles G. 
Fowler, Edgar C. 
Fowler, Mrs. Earle B. 
Fowler, Gordon F. 
Fowler, Walter E. 
Fox, Mrs. Edward F. 
‘Fox, Guy G. 
_Frankenthal, John V. 


ANNUAL MEMBERS 


Frazee, Seward C. 
Freeman, Thomas B. 
Freiler, Abraham J. 
Fremont, Miss Ruby 
French, George W. 
French, Dr. Thomas M. 
Freund, Erwin O. 
Freund, Mrs. I. H. 


Friedberg, Dr. Stanton A. 


Frieder, Edward 
Friedlob, Fred M. 
Frodin, Elmer E. 
Fugard, John R. 
Fuller, J. E. 
Fuller, William A. 
Fulton, Albert B. 
Fulton, Arthur W. 
Fulton, D. B. 


Gale, Abram 
Gallaher, Thomas B. 


Galloway, Dr. Charles E. 


Galvin, J. E. 
Gane, Miss Gertrude 
Ganz, Mrs. Rudolph 
Gary, Lee J. 
Gates, Philip R. 
Gatzert, Mrs. August 
Gavin, Mrs. Steve 
Geiling, Dr. E. M. K. 
Geisler, Herbert F. 
Gengevi, Ettore 
Gensburg, Louis W. 
Geraghty, Mrs. 
Thomas F. 
Gerwig, Walter A. 
Gettrust, Joseph Foard 
Gibbs, William J. 
Gibbs, Dr. William W. 
Gidwitz, Joseph L. 


Gilchrist, Miss Harriet F. 


Giles, Miss A. H 
Gillett, W. N. 
Gillick, J. T. 
Gingrich, Arnold 
Glade, George H., Jr. 
Glader, Frank J. 
Glynn, Mrs. John E. 
Goddard, Mrs. Convers 
Goldberg, Mrs. Sol H. 
Goldman, Mrs. Louis 
Goldsmith, Henry M. 
Goldstein, Leo A. 
Goldstein, Mrs. 
Nathan S. 
Goodell, P. W. 
Goodman, Ralph L. 
Goodman, Mrs. 
William O. 
Grabiner, Harry M. 
Grade, Joseph Y. 
Graffis, Herbert 


167 


Graham, Mrs. William 
Edward 
Granville, Charles N., Jr. 
Grauer, Milton H. 
Graves, Mrs. George E. 
Gray, Dr. Earle 
Gray, William A. 
Graydon, Charles E. 
Green, Walter H. 
Greenebaum, Mrs. Esther 
Greenhouse, Jacob 
Greenlee, Mrs. Ralph 8. 
Greenlee, William B. 
Grein, Joseph 
Grey, Newton F. 
Gridley, Mrs. Martin M. 
Griesel, Edward T. 
Griesemer, Mrs. Itha 
Grochowski, Mrs. G. 8. 
Groebe, Louis G. 
Grossfeld, Miss Rose 
Grupe, Mrs. Sara Martin 
Guilliams, John R. 
Guinan, James J. 
Gunnar, Mrs. H. P. 
Guthrie, S. Ashley 


Haffner, Mrs. Charles 

Cay dite 
Hagey, J. F. 
Hajek, Henry F. 
Hall, Arthur B. 
Hall, Mrs. David W., Jr. 
Hall, Harry 
Hall, Henry C. 
Hall, Louis W. 
Hallett, L. F. 
Hamilton, Mrs. 

Chester F. 
Hamilton, Hugo A. 
Hamilton, J. R. 
Hammerman, Joseph M. 
Hammill, Miss Edith K. 
Hammond, C. Herrick 
Hansen, Adolph H. 
Harbison, Robert B. 
Hardin, George D. 
Harding, Mrs. Charles F. 
Harpel, Mrs. Charles J. 
Harper, Philip S. 
Harper, Robert B. 
Harrington, George Bates 
Harrington, S. 
Harris, Benjamin R. 
Harris, Frank F. 
Harris, Mortimer B. 
Harrison, Dr. Edwin M. 
Harrison, William H. 
Harrold, James P. 
Harshaw, Myron T. 
Hart, Mrs. G. H. 
Hart, Mrs. H. G. 


168 Fre.p Museum or Natura. History—Reports, VOL. 12 


Hart, Mrs. Harry 
Hart, Louis E. 

Hart, Max A. 

Hart, Robert H. 

Hart, Mra. Walter H. 
Hartmann, Ernest F. L. 


H a of 
Haskell, L. A. 
Hattstaedt, Mrs. John J. 
Hawkes, joseph B 

aw “ 
Hawkins, Harold FE. 


ts ck 
Herz, Alfred 
Hess, 
Heas, Sol H 
Hibbard, A s. 
Hibler, Mrs. Harriet E. 
fie Me ata 
. Mra. George H. 
i. yo 
Hill, Mrs. G 
Hill, Mies Meda A 
Hille, Job T 
q n T. 
Hilpert, Dr. Willis S. 


Hood, H. M. 
Hooper, A. F. 
Horton, Mra. Douglas 
Horween, Arnold 
Horween, Isidore 
Horwich, Alan H. 
Howard, Charles Lowell 
Howe, Roger F. 
Hoyt, Dr. D. C. 
Hoyt, N. Landon, Jr. 
Hoyt, William M., Il 
Hubachek, Frank 
rookes 
Huck, Mrs. Irene 


H ah ee A 
yman, rs. a - 
Hyndman, Mrs. A. H. 


. Dr. Henry E 
Lewis J. 


ae 
Jeffreys, Mrs. Mary M. 
Jeffries, Dr. Daniel W. 
Jeffries, Robert M. 


Jenner, Mrs. Austin 
Jennings, wal C. A. 


Klein, Dr. David 
Kleinschmidt, Edward 
Kline, A. 

Kloese, Henry 

Knapp, Charles 8S. 
Knoblock, Byron W. 
Knode, Oliver M. 
Knol, Nicholas 
Knutson, Mrs. George H. 
Koch, Carl 

Kohn, Mrs. Frances J. 
Koltz, George C. 
Koolish, Ellman 
Koopmann, Ernest F. 
Koplin, Samuel M. 
Korengold, J. A. 

Kort, George 
Kostrzewski, Dr. M. J. 
Kotas, Rudolph J. 
Kotrba, Frank 
Kraemer, Leo 

Krafft, Walter A. 
Kraft, John H. 
Krafthefer, James M. 
Kramer, A. E. 
Krasberg, Rudolph 
Krawetz, Mrs. Johannes 
Krebs, Charles E. 
Kresl, Carl 

Kress, William G. 
Krier, Ambrose J. 
Kroch, Adolph 

Krol, Dr. Francis B. 
Kruesi, F. E. 

Kruggel, Arthur 
Krum, Morrow 

Kuehn, Miss Katherine 
Kuehn, Oswald L. 
Kugel, Leonard J. 
Kuh, George E. 
Kuhnen, Mrs. George H. 
Kuhns, Mrs. H. B. 
Kurth, W. H. 


Lachman, Harold 
Ladd, John W. 
Laird, Robert S. 
Lamb, George N. 
Landon, Robert E. 
Landsberg, Mrs. Edward 
Lang, Isidor 
Lange, A. G. 
Langert, A. M. 
Langford, Joseph P. 
Lapham, Ralph L. 
Lapp, John A. 
Larson, Simon P. 
Lasch, Charles F. 
Lau, Mrs. John 
Arnold 
Laud, Sam 
Law, M. A. 


ANNUAL MEMBERS 


Lawrence, Walter D. 
Lazerson, Abraham 
Leahy, T. M. 
Lee, Edward N. 
Lee, Lewis W., Jr. 
Lehman, Lawrence B. 
Lehman, O 4 
Leighty, Edgar R. 
Leslie, Dr. Eleanor I. 
Leslie, John Woodworth 
Letterman, A. L. 
Levin, Louis 
Levis, John M. 
Levy, Mrs. Arthur K. 
Lewin, Miss Estella 
Lewis, Frank J. 
Lewis, Mrs. Walker O. 
L’Hommedieu, Arthur 
Lichtenstein, Walter 
Lifvendahl, Dr. 
Richard A. 
Lindeman, John H. 
Lindley, Arthur F. 
Lindsay, Mrs. Martin 
Lingott, Richard H. 
Linn, Mrs. James W. 
Lipman, Abraham 
Little, Charles G. 
Little, F. C. 
Llewellyn, Mrs. Kenneth 
Lobdell, Harry H. 
Loeb, Arthur A. 
Loewenherz, Emanuel 
Loewenstein, Mrs. E. 
Loewenstein, Emanuel 
Lofquist, Karl E. 
Logan, Mrs. Frank G. 
Loomis, Miss Marie 
Lorentz, Mrs. R. E. 
Love, Miss R. B. 
Ludlow, Mrs. H. 
Durward 
Lurie, Mrs. George 8. 
Lyon, C. E. 
Lyon, Mrs. Jeneva A. 
Lyon, Mrs. William H. 


MacArthur, Fred V. 
MacChesney, Miss 
Muriel 
MacEachern, Dr. M. T. 
Macfarland, Mrs. 
Henry J. 
Macfarland, Lanning 
MacKechnie, Dr. 
Hugh N. 
Mackie, David Smith 
MacMillan, William D. 
Macomb, J. DeNavarre 
Maddock, Miss Alice E. 
Maddock, Thomas E. 
Magie, William A. 


169 


Magill, John R. 
Magner, Rev. F. J. 
Malkov, David S. 
Manaster, Henry 
Manheimer, Arthur E. 
Manning, Guy E. 
Markman, Mrs. 
Samuel K. 
Marling, Mrs. 
Franklin, Jr. 
Marnane, James D. 
Marquart, Arthur A. 
Marquart, E. C. 
Marsch, Mrs. John 
Marshall, Edward 
Marston, Mrs. T. B. 
Martin, Webb W. 
Martin, Z. E. 
Marvin, W. Ross 
Marx, Samuel A. 
Mason, Lewis F. 
Mason, Mrs. Michael L. 
Mattes, Harold C. 
Matthews, Francis BE. 
Matthews, J. H. 
Maurer, W. Edward 
Mawicke, Henry J. 
May, Mrs. George T., Jr. 
May, Sol 
Mayer, Arthur H. 
Mayer, Edwin W. C. 
Mayer, Frederick 
Mayer, Herman J., Jr. 
Mayer, Richard 
Maynard, Edwin T. 
McAdams, Frank J., Jr. 
McAllister, M. Hall 
McAloon, Owen J. 
McArthur, Mrs. S. W. 
McClellan, K. F. 
McClure, Donald F. 
McConnell, F. B. 
McCormick, Miss 
Elizabeth D. 
McCoy, Charles S. 
McCreight, Marion 
Everett 
McCurdy, John W. 
McDonnell, Mrs. E. N. 
McDowell, Miss Ada V. 
McDowell, Malcolm 
McFadden, Everett R. 
McGowen, Thomas N. 
McGrain, Preston 
McGreer, Mrs. John T. 
McGrew, Mrs. O. V. 
McGuire, Simms D. 
McKay, Miss Mabel 
McKenna, Dr. Charles H. 
McKibbin, Mrs. GeorgeB. 
MceKinlock, Mrs. 
George A. 


170 Fre.p Museum or Naturat History—Reports, Vou. 12 


McKinstry, W. B. 
McKisson, Robert W 
McLaughlin, Mrs. 


George D. 
McLaughlin, Dr. JamesH. 
McLaughlin, Mra. 

Joase L. 

McManus, James F. 


MeNall, Quinlan J. 
McNamara, Robert C. 


McSu 
William H. 


Murphy, John C. 
Murphy, J. P. 


Nolte, Charles B. 


Novy, Dr. B. Newton 
Nyquist, Carl 


Pohn, 


uae 


uy 


Pruitt, Raymond §S. 
Pullman, Frederic A. 
Purcey, Victor W. 
Putnam, Rufus W. 


Quarrie, William F. 
Quellmalz, Frederick 
Quisenberry, T. E. 


Raeth, J. P. 
Railton, John R. 
Ranney, Mrs. George A. 
Rasmussen, Robert P. 
Rathbun, Rex 
Ravenscroft, Edward H. 
Rawlings, Mrs. I. D. 
Raymond, Mrs. 
Clifford S. 
Rayner, Lawrence 
Rea, Miss Edith 
Reavis, William C. 
Redmond, Hugh 
Reed, Mrs. Frank C. 
Reed, Rufus M. 
Reed, Walter S. 
Regensburg, James 
Rein, Lester E. 
Reiser, Miss Irene K. 
Reiss, William 
ReQua, Mrs. Charles H. 
Reser, Harry M. 
Reuter, Mrs. Gustave A. 
Reuss, Mrs. Henry H. 
Reynolds, Mrs. G. 
William 
Reynolds, Joseph Callow 
Rice, C. Leslie 
Rice, Joseph J. 
Rice, Mrs. W. W. 
Rich, Harry 
Richards, James Donald 
Richards, Oron E. 
Richardson, Henry R. 
Richardson, Mrs. 
W. D 


Richert, John C. 
Richter, Arthur 
Riddell, John T. 
Ridley, Clarence E. 
Riel, George A. 
Riley, John H. 
Ritchie, Mrs. John 
Ritter, Emil W. 
Ritter, Dr. I. I. 
Ritter, Miss Lavinia 
Roadifer, W. H. 
Robbins, Burr L. 
Robbins, Charles Burton 
Robbins, Laurence B. 
Robinson, Miss Nellie 
Robinson, Reginald 
Victor 


ANNUAL MEMBERS 


Robinson, Theodore 
\Won dies 
Robson, Mrs. Oscar 


Rockhold, Mrs.CharlesW. 


Rockwell, Theodore G. 
Roden, Carl B. 
Rodgers, Mrs. John B. 
Roeth, A. C. 
Rogers, Edward S. 
Rogers, Mrs. J. B. 
Rollins, Athol E. 
Rolnick, Dr. Harry C. 
Roman, B. F 
Romaskiewicz, John 
Rosenberg, Mrs. 
Bernhard 
Rosenfeld, M. J. 
Rosenfels, Hugo H. 


Rosenfels, Mrs. Irwin S. 


Rosenthal, M. A. 
Rosenthal, Nathan H. 
Rosenthal, Samuel H. 
Rosner, Max 

Ross, Earle L. 

Ross, Mrs. F. A. 
Ross, Mrs. Sophie S. 
Roth, Arthur J. 
Rountree, Lingard T. 
Rowland, James E. 
Rowley, Clifford A. 
Rowley, William A. 
Roy, Mrs. Ervin L. 
Rubens, Miss Doris 
Rubens, Walter L. 
Rubloff, Arthur 
Rudin, John 

Ryan, C. D. 

Rynder, Ross D. 


Sachse, William R. 
Salmon, Rudolph B. 


Salmonsen, Miss Ella M. 


Sanborn, Mrs. V. C 
Sandberg, Harry S. 
Sang, Philip D. 

Saslow, David 

Sawyer, Dr. C. F. 
Sayers, Mrs. A. J. 
Sayre, Dr. Loren D. 
Seallan, John William 
Schaffner, Arthur B. 
Schaus, Carl J. 

Scheel, Fred H. 

Schiltz, M. A. 
Schlachet, Herman 
Schlichting, Justus L. 
Schmidt, Theodore 
Schmidtbauer, J. C. 
Schmitt, Mrs. George J. 
Schmus, Elmer E. 
Schnadig, E. M. 
Schneider, Benjamin B. 


171 


Schofield, Mrs. Flora 
Schram, J. A. 
Schu, Jacob 
Schueren, Arnold C. 
Schulz, Miss Myrtle 
Schulze, Paul 
Schuman, Meyer 
Schupp, Robert W. 
Schwab, Dr. Leslie W. 
Schwab, Martin C. 
Schwartz, Dr. Otto 
Schwarz, Mrs. Sidney L. 
Schwede, Charles W. 
Schweitzer, E. O. 
Scobie, David P. 
Scofield, Clarence P. 
Scott, Frederick H. 
Scott, George A. H. 
Scott, George E. 
Scott, George H. 
Scott, Walter A. 
Seott, Dr. Walter Dill 
Scudder, Mrs. 
Lawrence W. 
Scudder, W. M. 
Secord, Burton F. 
Seehausen, Gilbert B. 
Seidenberg, Harry 
Selfridge, Calvin F. 
Selig, Lester N. 
Selz, Emanuel 
Selz, Mrs. J. Harry 
Senear, Dr. F. E. 
Seubold, Dr. F. H. 
Sexton, Mrs. Thomas G. 
Seymour, Mrs. Flora 
Warren 
Shaffer, Mrs. Norman P. 
Shaw, John I. 
Shaw, Mrs. Walter A. 
Sheahan, Miss Marie 
Sheridan, Leo J. 
Sherman, H. C. 
Sherman, Nate H. 
Sherwin, Mrs. F. B. 
Shippey, Mrs. Charles W. 
Sholty, Lester J. 
Shrader, Frank K. 
Shultz, Earle 
Sieck, Herbert 
Siegfried, Walter H. 
Sievers, William H. 
Sillani, Mrs. Mabel W. 
Simmons, Mrs. Charles R. 
Simmons, Richard W. 
Simonson, Roger A. 
Simpson, Mrs. Anita 
Simpson, John M. 
Sims, Howard M. 
Sindelar, Joseph C. 
Sisskind, Louis 
Skeel, Fred F. 


172 Fretp Museum or NaTurRAL History—Reports, VOL. 12 


Stumes, Charles B. 
Sturla, Ha L. 
Sturtevant, C. D. 
Sturtevant, Roy E. 


Swanson, Frank E. 
Swift, T. Philip 
Symmes, William H. 
Symon, Stow E 


Talbot, Mrs. 

Eugene S., Jr. 
Tarrson, Albert J. 
Nana Paul W. 
ik r, Herbert J. 
Teller, a L. 
Tevander, Mrs. Olaf N. 
beault, C. J. 
Thiffault, A. E. 
Thomas, Mrs. 

Henry Bascom 
Thomas, James A. 
Thomas, Thomas J. 
Thomason, Mrs. S. E. 
Thompson, Ernest H. 
Thorek, Dr. Max 
Thornton, Randolph 
Tieken, Theodore 


Todd, A. 
Todd, John O. 


Tyler, Alfred C. 


Ullmann, Mrs. Albert 1. 
Heeger Dr. B. B. 


von Helmolt ony Ww. 


Vose, Mrs. Frederic P. 


Wachowski, Casimir R. 
Wacker, Fred G. 


Williams, Charles Sneed 
Williams, Clyde O. 
Williams, Lawrence 
Wilson, Arlen J. 
Wilson, E. L. 

Wilson, Percival C. 
Windes, Mrs. Frank A. 
Winston, Mrs. Farwell 
Winterbotham, John R. 
Witkowsky, James 
Wolosh, George 

Wood, Milton G. 


Alschuler, Samuel 
Anthony, Joseph R. 


Bennett, N. J. 
Bledsoe, Samuel T. 
Brown, William A. 


Cardwell, Mrs. J. R. 


ANNUAL MEMBERS 


Woodyatt, Dr. Rollin 
Turner 
Woolard, Francis C. 


Worthy, Mrs. Sidney W. 


Wray, Edward 
Wright, William Ryer 
Wrisley, George A. 
Wulbert, Morris 
Wyzanski, Henry N. 


Yanofsky, Dr. Hyman 


Yates, Raymond 
Yavitz, Philip M. 


DECEASED, 1939 


Caswell, Mrs. A. B. 
DePeyster, Frederic A. 


Dorney, Rev. Maurice A. 


Finkl, Frank X. 
Hall, Ross C. 


173 


Yonce, Mrs. Stanley L. 
Young, B. Botsford 
Young, James W. 
Youngberg, Arthur C. 


Zadek, Milton 
Zahringer, Eugene V. 
Zangerle, A. Arthur 
Zenos, Rev. Andrew C. 
Zglenicki, Leon 
Zimmermann, Mrs. P. T. 
Zolla, Abner M. 

Zonsius, Lawrence W. 


Lynch, Miss Mary E. 
McGregor, James P. 
Puttkammer, Mrs. Ernst 


Strawbridge, C. H. 


THE LIBRARY OF THE 


JUL 12 1949 


UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 


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